Wikipedia hawiki https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babban_shafi MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.7 first-letter Midiya Musamman Tattaunawa User Tattaunawar user Wikipedia Tattaunawar Wikipedia Fayil Tattaunawar fayil MediaWiki Tattaunawar MediaWiki Samfuri Tattaunawar samfuri Taimako Tattaunawar taimako Rukuni Tattaunawar rukuni TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2491 863158 861585 2026-06-21T14:39:19Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Seal of Zamfara State Government.jpg|thumb|Tambarin Gwamnan jihar Zamfara]] [[File:Coat of Arm Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|tambarin jihar zamfara]] [[File:Talata Mafara Post Office - Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|Talata mafara post ofis]] [[File:Zamfara state Gallery at Arewa House museum.jpg|thumb|Zamfara state gallery at arewa house museum Seal of zamfara state government]] [[Fayil:Nomadic settlement in Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|Kyau yan zamfara]] [[Fayil:Nomadic settlement in Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|wuri a zamfara ]] [[Fayil:Zamfara flag.png|thumb|zamfara gusau]] [[Fayil:Gusau 01.jpg|thumb|Gusau]] [[Fayil:Seal of Zamfara State Government.jpg|thumb]] '''Jahar Zamfara''' [[jiha|jaha]] ce dake [[Arewa (Najeriya)|Arewa]] Maso Yammacin ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita '''39,762''' da yawan jama’a kimanin [[mutane]] '''3,838,160''' (miliyan uku da dubu ,ɗari takwas da Talatin da Takwas da ɗari ɗaya da sittin) (jimillar ƙidayar shekara ta 2011)<ref>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=a556518742b7c156JmltdHM9MTcxOTQ0NjQwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTQzOA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=population+of+zamfara+state+2011&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZmFjdHMubmcvbmlnZXJpYW4tc3RhdGVzL3phbWZhcmEvIzp-OnRleHQ9WmFtZmFyYSUyMGhhcyUyMHR3byUyMG1ham9yJTIwZXRobmljJTIwZ3JvdXBzJTJDJTIwSGF1c2ElMjBhbmQsYW4lMjBlc3RpbWF0ZWQlMjBwb3B1bGF0aW9uJTIwb2YlMjAzJTJDODM4JTJDMTYwJTIwYXMlMjBhdCUyMDIwMTEu&ntb=1</ref>. Babban birnin tarayyar jahar zamfara shi ne [[Gusau]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://dailypost.ng/2024/06/23/gusau-cargo-airport-absurd-inconceivable-shinkafi-to-gov-lawal/&ved=2ahUKEwjGwJvM5vGGAxV5XEEAHcOPBT8QxfQBKAB6BAgGEAE&usg=AOvVaw2BUsg3-pX1t7Al-lIbd68v</nowiki></ref>. Dauda Lawal Dare ne gwamnan jihar tun a shekarar 2023, har zuwa shekara ta 2026, wato ƙarshen shekarar mulkin shi na farko wanda za'ayi zaɓe a farkon shekarar 2027.<ref>"Zamfara State". Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission. 9 January 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2022.</ref><ref>"Zamfara State of Nigeria :: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 26 February 2022.</ref> == Tarihi. == '''Asalin Zamfarawa''' [[File:Base to top section of Kwatarkwashi.jpg|thumb|mutanen Zamfara sun kasance maharba ne tun a lokacin baya]] ''Zamfara'' ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masarautun asali na [[Hausawa]]. zamfarawa asalin [[Hausa|Hausawa]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://trtafrika.com/ha/africa/tashe-aladar-hausawa ne-lokacin-ramadan-17603105&ved=2ahUKEwj97MeRv_CGAxVVUUEAHYrSBCYQxfQBKAB6BAgMEAI&usg=AOvVaw2tqxPhOk-rB6iUbdwJ_ebE</nowiki></ref>[[Hausa|a]]. Sarkin [[musulmi]] <ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://amp.dw.com/ha/musulmi-na-gudanar-da-babbar-sallah-ta-edi2024/a-69376621&ved=2ahUKEwj0hKHx5vGGAxUZXUEAHd_xAfoQyM8BKAB6BAgJEAI&usg=AOvVaw1anRUPTy7Py8jCPqpn1W_s</nowiki></ref><ref>"Zamfara Gold Mining Factory". krzysztofpilarczyk.pl. Archived from the original on 26 June 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2021</ref>Muhammadu yana ganin [[Zamfarawa]] sun samu asali ne daga uba Bakatsine da uwa [[Bagobira]]. To su [[Zamfara]]wa sun kafa asalinsu ne daga [[Maguzawa]] maharba waɗanda sun zauna a yankin ƙasar [[Kano]] kafin zuwan [[Bagauda]] tun kafin zuwan [[Barbushe]] a [[Dutsen Dala]]. A nan zamu iya fahimtar cewa [[Zamfara]]wa [[Hausa]]wa ne na asali tun can fil azal. Zamu iya fahimtar cewa [[Zamfarawa]] dai asalinsu maharba ne daga [[Maguzawa]]. Watakila sun samu tasirin Bare-Bari a farkon tarihinsu ko kuma a ce Bare-bari ne na asalin sarautar [[Zamfara]]. Tarihin ƙauyen Zamfara ya samo asali ne daga [[mutum]] Na farko da ya fara zama a cikin garin, daga garin ZAMFARA wanda ake kira da [[BAWA]]. Shi ya sa ake kiran garin da suna [[Zamfara]]. Farkon fadar masarautar an rusa ta. Garin ya haɗa iyakoki kamar haka; Rogo Sabon Gari da,Tsohuwar [[Rogo]] ta Gabas, [[Kaduna]] daga gefen yamma, Kaduna daga Kudu da Gari da Tsohuwar Rogo ta arewa.<ref name=":1">G.ƙaraye, Ibrahim. J. Shea, Philip. History of karaye. p.71 ISBN 978125341</ref><ref>"Zamfara State, Nigeria Genealogy". FamilySearch Wiki. 11 April 2020. Archived from the original on 15 October 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2021</ref> Ana ganin Zamfarawan asali wasu irin manya-manyan mutane ne, a taƙaice dai [[Samudawa]] ne. [[Dakka]], sarkin Zamfara na farko kamar dai [[Barbushe]] yake, mutum ne mai tsananin girma da ƙarfi da jarumta. Akwai wasu manya-manyan kaburbura guda shida a Dutsi waɗanda aka ce ƙaburburan sarakunan [[Zamfara]] ne na asali. Sabo da girman kaburburan su ana kiransu da kmƙaburburan Samudawa. Ga alamu Zamfarawan asali na da girman jiki sosai.<ref>Abdu . P.S., K. Swindell (1982). ''Sokoto State in Maps: An Atlas of physical and Human Resources''. Ibadan: Oxford University Press.</ref><ref>"Zamfara gold mining: Niger Delta seeks amendment of petroleum, mining acts". The Guardian. Lagos, Nigeria. 12 December 2020. Archived from the original on 17 February 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2021</ref> '''Birnin Zamfara''' [[File:Mtkwatarkwashi 4.jpg|thumb|dutsen kwatarkwashi]] Zamfarawa sun fara kafa garinsu na farko ne mai suna Dutsi a ƙasar [[Zurmi]] ta yanzu. Don haka har yau Sarkin Zurmi na amsa sunan Sarkin [[Zamfara]]. An ce Zamfarawa sai da suka kwashe shekaru bakwai ba su naɗa sarki ba a Dutsi,daga nan sai suka naɗa sarkinsu na farko mai suna Dakka. Domin haka Sarkin Zamfara ana masa take da ''gimshikin gidan Dakka''. Sarakuna huɗu ne suka gaji Dakka a Dutsi. Daga nan sai sarauniyar [['Yar Goje|'ƴar Goje]]. [[File:IMG FK1.jpg|thumb|Zamfara]] [[File:Even the beast of burden needs a break sometimes.jpg|thumb|Zamfara road]] [[File:Roundabout in Gusau.jpg|thumb]] Daga Dutsi sai Zamfarawa suka yi tafiyar kamar mil Talatin a kan gulbin Gagare kusa da garin Isa na yanzu suka kafa wani sabon gari mai suna Birnin [[Zamfara]]. An ce Sarkin Zamfara na Bakwai (7) mai suna [[Bakurukuru]] ya kafa birnin. Amma wasu masana tarihi sun haƙiƙance cewa sarakuna ashirin da uku 23 ne aka binne a garin Dutsi don haka ba dai sarki na bakwai ba wanda ya kafa Birnin [[Zamfara]]. Zamfarawa sun gina garinsu wanda ya habaka sosai. Sun katange shi da ganuwa. Har yanzu akwai kufan tsohon garin akwai rusasshiyar [[ganuwa]] mai tsawon milyan goma-sha-uku da kofofin gari hamsin. A nan zamu iya fahimtar cewa Zamfarawa sun kafa garinsu na biyu wanda ya kasance babbar cibiyar mulkin [[Zamfara]]. Sannan garin ya samu arziƙin masarrafofin zamani irin su Makarantun Boko, islamiyya, rijiyoyi, Burtsatse da dai sauransu.<ref name=":1" />Ofishin siyasa ta mata an buɗeta ne a garin zamfara a shekarar 2007. <ref name=":0">Kabir, Hajara Muhammad. ''Northern women development''. [Nigeria]. p.164 ISBN 978-978-906-469-4</ref> ==Kananan hukumomi== {| width=50% |- valign ="top" |width=50%| # [[Anka, Nigeria|Anka]] # [[Bakura, Nigeria|Bakura]] # [[Birnin-Magaji/Kiyawa]] # [[Bukkuyum]] # [[Bungudu]] # [[Gummi, Nigeria|Gummi]] # [[Gusau]] # [[Kauran-Namoda]] # [[Maradun]] # [[Maru, Nigeria|Maru]] # [[Shinkafi]] # [[Talata-Mafara]] # [[Tsafe]] # [[Zurmi]] |} == Rufe Netwok A Jihar Zamfara == [[Fayil:Coat of Arm Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|Zamfara coat of arm]] A ranar 3 ga watan satumba na shekarar 2021, gwamnatin Jihar [[zamfara]] ta bada umarnin kulle dukkan layukan wayar hannu (sim card) da sabis na ɗaukacin Jihar [[zamfara]] gaba ɗaya don a samu a magance matsalar tsaro. Anyi hakan ne domin yaƙi da 'ƴan [[Banditry|Bindiga Daɗi]] da kuma 'Yan ta'adda. An bada umarnin rufe sabis ɗin ne na tsawon sati Biyu domin dawo da zaman lafiya da tsaro me ɗorewa a jihar ta [[Zamfara]].<ref>https://punchng.com/banditry-months-after-no-fly-order-fg-shuts-down-telecom-sites-in-zamfara/</ref> == Arziki == tattalin arzikin Zamfarawa ya ta, allaƙane da harkar noma da kuma kiwo, sannan kuma da kasuwanci. == Tsaro == == Wasanni == == Mutane == Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Mahadi Ali Gusau]]. Dattijan jihar su ne: Janar [[Aliyu Muhammad Gusau]] me Ritaya,[[Ahmad Rufai Sani]], [[Mamuda Aliyu Shinkafi]], [[Abdul'aziz Abubakar Yari]],Hassan Nasiha,Sahabi Liman Kaura, Mansur Dan'Ali,[[Kabir Garba Marafa]], [[Dauda Lawal Dare]], [[Sadiya Umar Farouq]] da [[Tijjani Kaura]]. [[File:Nigeria_Zamfara_State_map.png|thumb|Taswira Najeriya, inda jan yake nanne jihar Zamfara (Gusau)]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} * Kabir, Hajara Muhammad. ''Northern women development''. [Nigeria]. <nowiki>ISBN 978-978-906-469-4</nowiki>. *Bello, Ahmadu, Sir, 1910-1966. (1999). ''Alhaji Sir Ahmadu, Bello, Sardauna of Sokoto : his thoughts and vision in his own words : selected speeches and letters of the great leader''. Nchi, Suleiman. Ismaila., Mohammed, Samai̕la Abdullahi. Makurdi: Oracle. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-34637-2-1|978-34637-2-1]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] 44137937. *G.karaye, Ibrahim. J. Shea, Philip. History.of karaye. [[ISBN]] 978125341 {{DEFAULTSORT:Zamfara}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] [[Category: Garuruwan Hausawa]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} 0kyc1uawxcn2qzr73um5hqkyzlqnbfh 863159 863158 2026-06-21T14:40:16Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Seal of Zamfara State Government.jpg|thumb|Tambarin Gwamnan jihar Zamfara]] [[File:Coat of Arm Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|tambarin jihar zamfara]] [[File:Talata Mafara Post Office - Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|Talata mafara post ofis]] [[File:Zamfara state Gallery at Arewa House museum.jpg|thumb|Zamfara state gallery at arewa house museum Seal of zamfara state government]] [[Fayil:Nomadic settlement in Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|Kyau yan zamfara]] [[Fayil:Nomadic settlement in Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|wuri a zamfara ]] [[Fayil:Zamfara flag.png|thumb|zamfara gusau]] [[Fayil:Gusau 01.jpg|thumb|Gusau]] [[Fayil:Seal of Zamfara State Government.jpg|thumb]] '''Jahar Zamfara''' [[jiha|jaha]] ce dake [[Arewa (Najeriya)|Arewa]] Maso Yammacin ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita '''39,762''' da yawan jama’a kimanin [[mutane]] '''3,838,160''' (miliyan uku da dubu ,ɗari takwas da Talatin da Takwas da ɗari ɗaya da sittin) (jimillar ƙidayar shekara ta 2011)<ref>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=a556518742b7c156JmltdHM9MTcxOTQ0NjQwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTQzOA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=population+of+zamfara+state+2011&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZmFjdHMubmcvbmlnZXJpYW4tc3RhdGVzL3phbWZhcmEvIzp-OnRleHQ9WmFtZmFyYSUyMGhhcyUyMHR3byUyMG1ham9yJTIwZXRobmljJTIwZ3JvdXBzJTJDJTIwSGF1c2ElMjBhbmQsYW4lMjBlc3RpbWF0ZWQlMjBwb3B1bGF0aW9uJTIwb2YlMjAzJTJDODM4JTJDMTYwJTIwYXMlMjBhdCUyMDIwMTEu&ntb=1</ref>. Babban birnin tarayyar jahar zamfara shi ne [[Gusau]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://dailypost.ng/2024/06/23/gusau-cargo-airport-absurd-inconceivable-shinkafi-to-gov-lawal/&ved=2ahUKEwjGwJvM5vGGAxV5XEEAHcOPBT8QxfQBKAB6BAgGEAE&usg=AOvVaw2BUsg3-pX1t7Al-lIbd68v</nowiki></ref>. Dauda Lawal Dare ne gwamnan jihar tun a shekarar 2023, har zuwa shekara ta 2026, wato ƙarshen shekarar mulkin shi na farko wanda za'ayi zaɓe a farkon shekarar 2027.<ref>"Zamfara State". Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission. 9 January 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2022.</ref><ref>"Zamfara State of Nigeria :: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 26 February 2022.</ref> == Tarihi. == '''Asalin Zamfarawa''' [[File:Base to top section of Kwatarkwashi.jpg|thumb|mutanen Zamfara sun kasance maharba ne tun a lokacin baya]] ''Zamfara'' ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masarautun asali na [[Hausawa]]. zamfarawa asalin [[Hausa|Hausawa]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://trtafrika.com/ha/africa/tashe-aladar-hausawa ne-lokacin-ramadan-17603105&ved=2ahUKEwj97MeRv_CGAxVVUUEAHYrSBCYQxfQBKAB6BAgMEAI&usg=AOvVaw2tqxPhOk-rB6iUbdwJ_ebE</nowiki></ref>[[Hausa|a]]. Sarkin [[musulmi]] <ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://amp.dw.com/ha/musulmi-na-gudanar-da-babbar-sallah-ta-edi2024/a-69376621&ved=2ahUKEwj0hKHx5vGGAxUZXUEAHd_xAfoQyM8BKAB6BAgJEAI&usg=AOvVaw1anRUPTy7Py8jCPqpn1W_s</nowiki></ref><ref>"Zamfara Gold Mining Factory". krzysztofpilarczyk.pl. Archived from the original on 26 June 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2021</ref>Muhammadu yana ganin [[Zamfarawa]] sun samu asali ne daga uba Bakatsine da uwa [[Bagobira]]. To su [[Zamfara]]wa sun kafa asalinsu ne daga [[Maguzawa]] maharba waɗanda sun zauna a yankin ƙasar [[Kano]] kafin zuwan [[Bagauda]] tun kafin zuwan [[Barbushe]] a [[Dutsen Dala]]. A nan zamu iya fahimtar cewa [[Zamfara]]wa [[Hausa]]wa ne na asali tun can fil azal. Zamu iya fahimtar cewa [[Zamfarawa]] dai asalinsu maharba ne daga [[Maguzawa]]. Watakila sun samu tasirin Bare-Bari a farkon tarihinsu ko kuma a ce Bare-bari ne na asalin sarautar [[Zamfara]]. Tarihin ƙauyen Zamfara ya samo asali ne daga [[mutum]] Na farko da ya fara zama a cikin garin, daga garin ZAMFARA wanda ake kira da [[BAWA]]. Shi ya sa ake kiran garin da suna [[Zamfara]]. Farkon fadar masarautar an rusa ta. Garin ya haɗa iyakoki kamar haka; Rogo Sabon Gari da,Tsohuwar [[Rogo]] ta Gabas, [[Kaduna]] daga gefen yamma, Kaduna daga Kudu da Gari da Tsohuwar Rogo ta arewa.<ref name=":1">G.ƙaraye, Ibrahim. J. Shea, Philip. History of karaye. p.71 ISBN 978125341</ref><ref>"Zamfara State, Nigeria Genealogy". FamilySearch Wiki. 11 April 2020. Archived from the original on 15 October 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2021</ref> Ana ganin Zamfarawan asali wasu irin manya-manyan mutane ne, a taƙaice dai [[Samudawa]] ne. [[Dakka]], sarkin Zamfara na farko kamar dai [[Barbushe]] yake, mutum ne mai tsananin girma da ƙarfi da jarumta. Akwai wasu manya-manyan kaburbura guda shida a Dutsi waɗanda aka ce ƙaburburan sarakunan [[Zamfara]] ne na asali. Sabo da girman kaburburan su ana kiransu da kmƙaburburan Samudawa. Ga alamu Zamfarawan asali na da girman jiki sosai.<ref>Abdu . P.S., K. Swindell (1982). ''Sokoto State in Maps: An Atlas of physical and Human Resources''. Ibadan: Oxford University Press.</ref><ref>"Zamfara gold mining: Niger Delta seeks amendment of petroleum, mining acts". The Guardian. Lagos, Nigeria. 12 December 2020. Archived from the original on 17 February 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2021</ref> '''Birnin Zamfara''' [[File:Mtkwatarkwashi 4.jpg|thumb|dutsen kwatarkwashi]] Zamfarawa sun fara kafa garinsu na farko ne mai suna Dutsi a ƙasar [[Zurmi]] ta yanzu. Don haka har yau Sarkin Zurmi na amsa sunan Sarkin [[Zamfara]]. An ce Zamfarawa sai da suka kwashe shekaru bakwai ba su naɗa sarki ba a Dutsi,daga nan sai suka naɗa sarkinsu na farko mai suna Dakka. Domin haka Sarkin Zamfara ana masa take da ''gimshikin gidan Dakka''. Sarakuna huɗu ne suka gaji Dakka a Dutsi. Daga nan sai sarauniyar [['Yar Goje|'ƴar Goje]]. [[File:IMG FK1.jpg|thumb|Zamfara]] [[File:Even the beast of burden needs a break sometimes.jpg|thumb|Zamfara road]] [[File:Roundabout in Gusau.jpg|thumb]] Daga Dutsi sai Zamfarawa suka yi tafiyar kamar mil Talatin a kan gulbin Gagare kusa da garin Isa na yanzu suka kafa wani sabon gari mai suna Birnin [[Zamfara]]. An ce Sarkin Zamfara na Bakwai (7) mai suna [[Bakurukuru]] ya kafa birnin. Amma wasu masana tarihi sun haƙiƙance cewa sarakuna ashirin da uku 23 ne aka binne a garin Dutsi don haka ba dai sarki na bakwai ba wanda ya kafa Birnin [[Zamfara]]. Zamfarawa sun gina garinsu wanda ya habaka sosai. Sun katange shi da ganuwa. Har yanzu akwai kufan tsohon garin akwai rusasshiyar [[ganuwa]] mai tsawon milyan goma-sha-uku da kofofin gari hamsin<ref>"Zamfara State of Nigeria :: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Archived from the original on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2021</ref>. A nan zamu iya fahimtar cewa Zamfarawa sun kafa garinsu na biyu wanda ya kasance babbar cibiyar mulkin [[Zamfara]]. Sannan garin ya samu arziƙin masarrafofin zamani irin su Makarantun Boko, islamiyya, rijiyoyi, Burtsatse da dai sauransu.<ref name=":1" />Ofishin siyasa ta mata an buɗeta ne a garin zamfara a shekarar 2007. <ref name=":0">Kabir, Hajara Muhammad. ''Northern women development''. [Nigeria]. p.164 ISBN 978-978-906-469-4</ref> ==Kananan hukumomi== {| width=50% |- valign ="top" |width=50%| # [[Anka, Nigeria|Anka]] # [[Bakura, Nigeria|Bakura]] # [[Birnin-Magaji/Kiyawa]] # [[Bukkuyum]] # [[Bungudu]] # [[Gummi, Nigeria|Gummi]] # [[Gusau]] # [[Kauran-Namoda]] # [[Maradun]] # [[Maru, Nigeria|Maru]] # [[Shinkafi]] # [[Talata-Mafara]] # [[Tsafe]] # [[Zurmi]] |} == Rufe Netwok A Jihar Zamfara == [[Fayil:Coat of Arm Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|Zamfara coat of arm]] A ranar 3 ga watan satumba na shekarar 2021, gwamnatin Jihar [[zamfara]] ta bada umarnin kulle dukkan layukan wayar hannu (sim card) da sabis na ɗaukacin Jihar [[zamfara]] gaba ɗaya don a samu a magance matsalar tsaro. Anyi hakan ne domin yaƙi da 'ƴan [[Banditry|Bindiga Daɗi]] da kuma 'Yan ta'adda. An bada umarnin rufe sabis ɗin ne na tsawon sati Biyu domin dawo da zaman lafiya da tsaro me ɗorewa a jihar ta [[Zamfara]].<ref>https://punchng.com/banditry-months-after-no-fly-order-fg-shuts-down-telecom-sites-in-zamfara/</ref> == Arziki == tattalin arzikin Zamfarawa ya ta, allaƙane da harkar noma da kuma kiwo, sannan kuma da kasuwanci. == Tsaro == == Wasanni == == Mutane == Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Mahadi Ali Gusau]]. Dattijan jihar su ne: Janar [[Aliyu Muhammad Gusau]] me Ritaya,[[Ahmad Rufai Sani]], [[Mamuda Aliyu Shinkafi]], [[Abdul'aziz Abubakar Yari]],Hassan Nasiha,Sahabi Liman Kaura, Mansur Dan'Ali,[[Kabir Garba Marafa]], [[Dauda Lawal Dare]], [[Sadiya Umar Farouq]] da [[Tijjani Kaura]]. [[File:Nigeria_Zamfara_State_map.png|thumb|Taswira Najeriya, inda jan yake nanne jihar Zamfara (Gusau)]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} * Kabir, Hajara Muhammad. ''Northern women development''. [Nigeria]. <nowiki>ISBN 978-978-906-469-4</nowiki>. *Bello, Ahmadu, Sir, 1910-1966. (1999). ''Alhaji Sir Ahmadu, Bello, Sardauna of Sokoto : his thoughts and vision in his own words : selected speeches and letters of the great leader''. Nchi, Suleiman. Ismaila., Mohammed, Samai̕la Abdullahi. Makurdi: Oracle. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-34637-2-1|978-34637-2-1]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] 44137937. *G.karaye, Ibrahim. J. Shea, Philip. History.of karaye. [[ISBN]] 978125341 {{DEFAULTSORT:Zamfara}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] [[Category: Garuruwan Hausawa]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} 2ngmshti2mplffllk70gdgey1f8gf7w 863160 863159 2026-06-21T14:41:06Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Seal of Zamfara State Government.jpg|thumb|Tambarin Gwamnan jihar Zamfara]] [[File:Coat of Arm Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|tambarin jihar zamfara]] [[File:Talata Mafara Post Office - Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|Talata mafara post ofis]] [[File:Zamfara state Gallery at Arewa House museum.jpg|thumb|Zamfara state gallery at arewa house museum Seal of zamfara state government]] [[Fayil:Nomadic settlement in Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|Kyau yan zamfara]] [[Fayil:Nomadic settlement in Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|wuri a zamfara ]] [[Fayil:Zamfara flag.png|thumb|zamfara gusau]] [[Fayil:Gusau 01.jpg|thumb|Gusau]] [[Fayil:Seal of Zamfara State Government.jpg|thumb]] '''Jahar Zamfara''' [[jiha|jaha]] ce dake [[Arewa (Najeriya)|Arewa]] Maso Yammacin ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita '''39,762''' da yawan jama’a kimanin [[mutane]] '''3,838,160''' (miliyan uku da dubu ,ɗari takwas da Talatin da Takwas da ɗari ɗaya da sittin) (jimillar ƙidayar shekara ta 2011)<ref>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=a556518742b7c156JmltdHM9MTcxOTQ0NjQwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTQzOA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=population+of+zamfara+state+2011&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZmFjdHMubmcvbmlnZXJpYW4tc3RhdGVzL3phbWZhcmEvIzp-OnRleHQ9WmFtZmFyYSUyMGhhcyUyMHR3byUyMG1ham9yJTIwZXRobmljJTIwZ3JvdXBzJTJDJTIwSGF1c2ElMjBhbmQsYW4lMjBlc3RpbWF0ZWQlMjBwb3B1bGF0aW9uJTIwb2YlMjAzJTJDODM4JTJDMTYwJTIwYXMlMjBhdCUyMDIwMTEu&ntb=1</ref>. Babban birnin tarayyar jahar zamfara shi ne [[Gusau]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://dailypost.ng/2024/06/23/gusau-cargo-airport-absurd-inconceivable-shinkafi-to-gov-lawal/&ved=2ahUKEwjGwJvM5vGGAxV5XEEAHcOPBT8QxfQBKAB6BAgGEAE&usg=AOvVaw2BUsg3-pX1t7Al-lIbd68v</nowiki></ref>. Dauda Lawal Dare ne gwamnan jihar tun a shekarar 2023, har zuwa shekara ta 2026, wato ƙarshen shekarar mulkin shi na farko wanda za'ayi zaɓe a farkon shekarar 2027.<ref>"Zamfara State". Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission. 9 January 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2022.</ref><ref>"Zamfara State of Nigeria :: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 26 February 2022.</ref> == Tarihi. == '''Asalin Zamfarawa''' [[File:Base to top section of Kwatarkwashi.jpg|thumb|mutanen Zamfara sun kasance maharba ne tun a lokacin baya]] ''Zamfara'' ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masarautun asali na [[Hausawa]]. zamfarawa asalin [[Hausa|Hausawa]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://trtafrika.com/ha/africa/tashe-aladar-hausawa ne-lokacin-ramadan-17603105&ved=2ahUKEwj97MeRv_CGAxVVUUEAHYrSBCYQxfQBKAB6BAgMEAI&usg=AOvVaw2tqxPhOk-rB6iUbdwJ_ebE</nowiki></ref>[[Hausa|a]]. Sarkin [[musulmi]] <ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://amp.dw.com/ha/musulmi-na-gudanar-da-babbar-sallah-ta-edi2024/a-69376621&ved=2ahUKEwj0hKHx5vGGAxUZXUEAHd_xAfoQyM8BKAB6BAgJEAI&usg=AOvVaw1anRUPTy7Py8jCPqpn1W_s</nowiki></ref><ref>"Zamfara Gold Mining Factory". krzysztofpilarczyk.pl. Archived from the original on 26 June 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2021</ref>Muhammadu yana ganin [[Zamfarawa]] sun samu asali ne daga uba Bakatsine da uwa [[Bagobira]]. To su [[Zamfara]]wa sun kafa asalinsu ne daga [[Maguzawa]] maharba waɗanda sun zauna a yankin ƙasar [[Kano]] kafin zuwan [[Bagauda]] tun kafin zuwan [[Barbushe]] a [[Dutsen Dala]]. A nan zamu iya fahimtar cewa [[Zamfara]]wa [[Hausa]]wa ne na asali tun can fil azal. Zamu iya fahimtar cewa [[Zamfarawa]] dai asalinsu maharba ne daga [[Maguzawa]]. Watakila sun samu tasirin Bare-Bari a farkon tarihinsu ko kuma a ce Bare-bari ne na asalin sarautar [[Zamfara]]. Tarihin ƙauyen Zamfara ya samo asali ne daga [[mutum]] Na farko da ya fara zama a cikin garin, daga garin ZAMFARA wanda ake kira da [[BAWA]]. Shi ya sa ake kiran garin da suna [[Zamfara]]. Farkon fadar masarautar an rusa ta. Garin ya haɗa iyakoki kamar haka; Rogo Sabon Gari da,Tsohuwar [[Rogo]] ta Gabas, [[Kaduna]] daga gefen yamma, Kaduna daga Kudu da Gari da Tsohuwar Rogo ta arewa.<ref name=":1">G.ƙaraye, Ibrahim. J. Shea, Philip. History of karaye. p.71 ISBN 978125341</ref><ref>"Zamfara State, Nigeria Genealogy". FamilySearch Wiki. 11 April 2020. Archived from the original on 15 October 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2021</ref> Ana ganin Zamfarawan asali wasu irin manya-manyan mutane ne, a taƙaice dai [[Samudawa]] ne. [[Dakka]], sarkin Zamfara na farko kamar dai [[Barbushe]] yake, mutum ne mai tsananin girma da ƙarfi da jarumta. Akwai wasu manya-manyan kaburbura guda shida a Dutsi waɗanda aka ce ƙaburburan sarakunan [[Zamfara]] ne na asali. Sabo da girman kaburburan su ana kiransu da kmƙaburburan Samudawa. Ga alamu Zamfarawan asali na da girman jiki sosai.<ref>Abdu . P.S., K. Swindell (1982). ''Sokoto State in Maps: An Atlas of physical and Human Resources''. Ibadan: Oxford University Press.</ref><ref>"Zamfara gold mining: Niger Delta seeks amendment of petroleum, mining acts". The Guardian. Lagos, Nigeria. 12 December 2020. Archived from the original on 17 February 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2021</ref> '''Birnin Zamfara''' [[File:Mtkwatarkwashi 4.jpg|thumb|dutsen kwatarkwashi]] Zamfarawa sun fara kafa garinsu na farko ne mai suna Dutsi a ƙasar [[Zurmi]] ta yanzu. Don haka har yau Sarkin Zurmi na amsa sunan Sarkin [[Zamfara]]. An ce Zamfarawa sai da suka kwashe shekaru bakwai ba su naɗa sarki ba a Dutsi,daga nan sai suka naɗa sarkinsu na farko mai suna Dakka. Domin haka Sarkin Zamfara ana masa take da ''gimshikin gidan Dakka''. Sarakuna huɗu ne suka gaji Dakka a Dutsi. Daga nan sai sarauniyar [['Yar Goje|'ƴar Goje]]. [[File:IMG FK1.jpg|thumb|Zamfara]] [[File:Even the beast of burden needs a break sometimes.jpg|thumb|Zamfara road]] [[File:Roundabout in Gusau.jpg|thumb]] Daga Dutsi sai Zamfarawa suka yi tafiyar kamar mil Talatin a kan gulbin Gagare kusa da garin Isa na yanzu suka kafa wani sabon gari mai suna Birnin [[Zamfara]]. An ce Sarkin Zamfara na Bakwai (7) mai suna [[Bakurukuru]] ya kafa birnin. Amma wasu masana tarihi sun haƙiƙance cewa sarakuna ashirin da uku 23 ne aka binne a garin Dutsi don haka ba dai sarki na bakwai ba wanda ya kafa Birnin [[Zamfara]]. Zamfarawa sun gina garinsu wanda ya habaka sosai. Sun katange shi da ganuwa. Har yanzu akwai kufan tsohon garin akwai rusasshiyar [[ganuwa]] mai tsawon milyan goma-sha-uku da kofofin gari hamsin<ref>"Zamfara State of Nigeria :: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Archived from the original on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2021</ref>. A nan zamu iya fahimtar cewa Zamfarawa sun kafa garinsu na biyu wanda ya kasance babbar cibiyar mulkin [[Zamfara]]. Sannan garin ya samu arziƙin masarrafofin zamani irin su Makarantun Boko, islamiyya, rijiyoyi, Burtsatse da dai sauransu.<ref name=":1" />Ofishin siyasa ta mata an buɗeta ne a garin zamfara a shekarar 2007. <ref name=":0">Kabir, Hajara Muhammad. ''Northern women development''. [Nigeria]. p.164 ISBN 978-978-906-469-4</ref><ref>"Geospatial Poverty Portal: Interactive Maps". World Bank. Retrieved 22 January 2024.</ref> ==Kananan hukumomi== {| width=50% |- valign ="top" |width=50%| # [[Anka, Nigeria|Anka]] # [[Bakura, Nigeria|Bakura]] # [[Birnin-Magaji/Kiyawa]] # [[Bukkuyum]] # [[Bungudu]] # [[Gummi, Nigeria|Gummi]] # [[Gusau]] # [[Kauran-Namoda]] # [[Maradun]] # [[Maru, Nigeria|Maru]] # [[Shinkafi]] # [[Talata-Mafara]] # [[Tsafe]] # [[Zurmi]] |} == Rufe Netwok A Jihar Zamfara == [[Fayil:Coat of Arm Zamfara State.jpg|thumb|Zamfara coat of arm]] A ranar 3 ga watan satumba na shekarar 2021, gwamnatin Jihar [[zamfara]] ta bada umarnin kulle dukkan layukan wayar hannu (sim card) da sabis na ɗaukacin Jihar [[zamfara]] gaba ɗaya don a samu a magance matsalar tsaro. Anyi hakan ne domin yaƙi da 'ƴan [[Banditry|Bindiga Daɗi]] da kuma 'Yan ta'adda. An bada umarnin rufe sabis ɗin ne na tsawon sati Biyu domin dawo da zaman lafiya da tsaro me ɗorewa a jihar ta [[Zamfara]].<ref>https://punchng.com/banditry-months-after-no-fly-order-fg-shuts-down-telecom-sites-in-zamfara/</ref> == Arziki == tattalin arzikin Zamfarawa ya ta, allaƙane da harkar noma da kuma kiwo, sannan kuma da kasuwanci. == Tsaro == == Wasanni == == Mutane == Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne [[Mahadi Ali Gusau]]. Dattijan jihar su ne: Janar [[Aliyu Muhammad Gusau]] me Ritaya,[[Ahmad Rufai Sani]], [[Mamuda Aliyu Shinkafi]], [[Abdul'aziz Abubakar Yari]],Hassan Nasiha,Sahabi Liman Kaura, Mansur Dan'Ali,[[Kabir Garba Marafa]], [[Dauda Lawal Dare]], [[Sadiya Umar Farouq]] da [[Tijjani Kaura]]. [[File:Nigeria_Zamfara_State_map.png|thumb|Taswira Najeriya, inda jan yake nanne jihar Zamfara (Gusau)]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} * Kabir, Hajara Muhammad. ''Northern women development''. [Nigeria]. <nowiki>ISBN 978-978-906-469-4</nowiki>. *Bello, Ahmadu, Sir, 1910-1966. (1999). ''Alhaji Sir Ahmadu, Bello, Sardauna of Sokoto : his thoughts and vision in his own words : selected speeches and letters of the great leader''. Nchi, Suleiman. Ismaila., Mohammed, Samai̕la Abdullahi. Makurdi: Oracle. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-34637-2-1|978-34637-2-1]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] 44137937. *G.karaye, Ibrahim. J. Shea, Philip. History.of karaye. [[ISBN]] 978125341 {{DEFAULTSORT:Zamfara}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] [[Category: Garuruwan Hausawa]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} koqz966yrzbwkb2tfa5tjmalgehh2as 0 5898 863291 853121 2026-06-21T15:42:14Z Murtala Abubakar Sokoto 45981 863291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Flag of the Hausa people.svg|thumb|tutar hausawa]] [[Fayil:Hausa People.png|thumb|Yankin hausawa a kasar hausa]] Ƙabilar [[Hausa]] dai, ƙabila ce da ke zaune a Arewa maso Yammacin tarayyar [[Najeriya]] da Kudu maso Yammacin jamhuriyyar jihar [[Nijar]], ƙabila ce mai dimbin al'umma, amma kuma a al'adance mai mutukar hadin kai, a kalla akwai sama da mutane miliyan hamsin da harshen yake asali garesu. A tarihin ance ƙabilar Hausawa na tattare a salsalar ko manyan. Hausawa dai sun sami kafa daularsu ne tun daga shekarun Alif 1300 da Suka Wuce, sa'adda suka sami nasarori da dauloli kamar su, [[Daular Mali]] [[Songhai, Borno]] da kuma [[Fulani]]. A wasu lokutan [[Hausawa]] sun sami gagarumin ikon mulki da hadaka ta kauda baki 'yan neman ruwa da tsaki, da kuma neman Neman Mulkin Kama.karya a cikinta, da kuma harkallar ko cinikin bayi. A farko-farkon shekaru na alif 1900's da Suka gabata, a sa'adda kabilar [[Hausa]] tayi yinkurin kawar da mulkin Kama Karya na fulani, sai turawan mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya suka mamaye [[Arewancin Najeriya]], da kuma kafa manufofin mulkin bayan gida, a bisa karkashin mulkin Birtaniya, 'yan mulkin mallaka sai suka marawa Fulani baya na cigaba da manufofin angizon siyasarsu, har yanzu dai mulkin gamin gambiza tsakanin Hausawa da Fulani shi ne yayi kane-kane a arewacin Najeriya. Wannan haɗakar gamin gambiza, an farota ne tun asali a matsayin Fulani su dare madafun ikon a tsararren tsarin siyasar Arewa.Akasarin masu mulki na fulani sun kasance yanzu, a al'adance Hausawa gwamitse Ko da yake, Hausawa na farko-farko maharba ne, amma ya zuwan addinin Islama da kuma karbansa da hannu bibbiyu ya sanya labari ya sha bambam. Ginshikokin al'adun Hausawa na da mutukar zaranta, kwarewa da kuma sanaiya fiye da sauran al'ummar da ke kewayenta. Sha'anin noma itace babbar sana'ar Hausawa inda Hausawa ke ma sana'ar noma da kirari da kiwo da cewa, na duke tsohon ciniki kowa yazo duniya kai ya tarar, akwai kuma wasu sana'o'in kamar su sha'anin jima watau harkar fatu, rini, saka da kira, fannonin da ke mutukar samun cigaba a harkokin sana'o'in Hausawa. Hausawa dai sun jima da shahara wajen harkar fatauci sannan kuma masu arziki na taka Muhimmiyar rawa a sha'anin yau da kullum, tare da masu mulki da masana. Harshen [[Hausa]] shine mafi girma da kuma mafi sanai'yar harshe a nahiyar Afirka, harshen hausa ya aro wasu kalmomi daga wasu harsuna musamman Larabci kana kuma harshen na tafiya tare da yanayi na zamani bisa al'adar cudeni in cudeka. Harshen Hausa dai ya zama harshen yau da kullum ga miliyoyin jama'a da ba Hausawa ba ne a nahiyar [[Afirka]]. Bugu da kari, akwai cincirindon al'ummar [[Hausawa]] a manyan biranen yammacin Afirka da Arewacinta da kuma yankunan cinikayyar al'ummar Hausawa da kuma yankunan da Hausawa suka jima suna bi a hanyar ta zuwa aikin [[hajji]]. Akwai kuma rubutattun adabi masu zurfi da kasidodi da kuma rubuce-rubuce a rubutun ajami da aka buga tun kafin zuwan turawa yan' mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya. Har ila yau, kuma wani tsarin rubuce rubuce na ajami da aka kirkiro tun kafin zuwan turawa, da ba kasafai ake amfani da shi ba yanzu. ==Hausa Bakwai da Banza Bakwai== Tarihi ya nuna garuruwan Hausa bakwai da Banza bakwai sun samo asali ne daga auren sarauniya Daurama ta Daura, da kuma Umarun Baghadaza (wato Bayajidda) wanda tarihi irin na kunne ya girmi kaka ya nuna cewar wani Jarumi ne daya fito daga ƙasar Baghadaza.<ref>https://www.alummarhausa.com.ng/2020/06/samuwar-hausa-bakwai-da-banza-bakwai.html</ref> Da farko Bayajidda ya zauna a wani waje da ake kira jihar Borno. Ya taimaki Shehun Borno a yakin har ma ya auri diyar Shehun. Amma wasu sun zarge shi da yunkurin karbar sarautar Shehun, don haka sai ya bar Borno. Bayan haka ya zo kasar Daura. Kamar yanda tarihin ya nuna kafin ya zo kasar Dauran ya fara yada zango ne a wani gari da ake Kira "Garun Gabas" Wanda yake a ƙasar Hadeja jihar jigawa Yanzu, inda aka ce ita wannan mata daya yazo da ita ta haifa masa ɗa guda. Bayan ya isa Daura ya tarad da wata macijiya da ke hana ɗiban ruwa a kullum (Banda Ranar Juma'a), rijiyar mai suna "rijiyar Kusugu". Shin Ya Yanke shawarar ya Kashe Wannan Macijiya Domin A Samu Damar Dibar Ruwa A kowace Rana. Kashe wannan macijiya da Bayajidda yayi yasa wannan Sarauniya ta Amince ta aure shi. Saboda haka Hausa bakwai da Banza Bakwai sune jikokin Sarauniya da kuma Saɗakan ta, wato Bawa wanda Sarauniya ta haifa shine da 'ya'yansa shida suka kafa hausa bakwai. Sai kuma ɗan da Saɗakar Sarki ta haifar masa shine ya kafa Hausa banza bakwai.<ref>https://www.dw.com/ha/tarihin-hausawa/a-5495221</ref> ===Garuruwan Hausa Bakwai=== [[Hausa Bakwai]] ===Garuruwan Banza Bakwai=== Su ma dai [[Hausawa]] ne to ammah a fuskar Hausa Bakwai ba su cika hausawa ba. Don haka ake kiran su da Banza Bakwai. Gasu kamar haka: 1. [[Zamfara]] 2. [[Kebbi]] 3. [[Yawuri]] (Yauri) 4. [[Gwari]] 5. [[Kororafa]] (Kwararrafa, Jukun) 6. [[Nupe]] 7. [[Ilorin]] (Yoruba)<ref>https://www.britannica.com/topic/Banza-Bakwai</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Hausawa]] 4nmhygtvlc17ixuz2wa84yxjy5oadpk 0 6176 863245 824630 2026-06-21T15:22:32Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863245 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Kebbi stadium car park.jpg|thumb|Garejin motoci a Kebbi]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar kebbi]] [[File:Community group meeting Kebbi State - Nigeria June 2015 (18863735256).jpg|thumb|Mutanen jihar kebbi]] [[File:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb|Seal of kebbi state]] [[File:Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618205222/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Village settlers crossing a river on boat in Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Kogin kebbi]] '''Jihar Kebbi''' jiha ce dake a ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fadin kasa kimanin kilomita murabba’i 36,800 da yawan jama’a milyan Uku da dubu ɗari shida da talatin da ɗari takwas da talatin da ɗaya (jimillar 2005). An samar da jihar [[Kebbi]] ne daga Jihar Sakkwato a ranar 27 ga Agustan shekarar 1991 a lokacin mulkin [[Janar Ibrahim Babangida]]. Babban Birnin Jihar shi ne [[Birnin Kebbi]]. Jihar Kebbi ta kasu zuwa ƙananan hukumomi 21, da masarautu hudu (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri da Zuru), da gundumomi 35<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref>. Jihar Kebbi ta samo sunan ta ne daga karni na 14" MULKIN KEBBI" wanda ya kasance lardin tsohuwar daular Songhai. Musulunci shine addini mafi rinjaye. Jihar tana Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya, jihar Kebbi tana da faɗin murabba'in kilomita 36,800. Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihar Sokoto a bangaren arewa maso gabas, jihar Zamfara daga gabas, jihar Neja ta bangaren yamma sannan kudu da jamhuriyar Nijar a ɓangaren yamma. ===TATTALIN ARZIKI=== [[Fayil:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb]] Jihar Kebbi tana da wuraren da ake amfani da shi wajen noma tun da yake tana da arzikin kasa mai yawa, filayen gonaki masu yawa da kuma rafuka masu bunkasa fannin tattalin arziki da ke samar da yanayi mai kyau. Bisa wadannan dalilai, noma ya kasance babbar hanyar samun kudaden shiga a jihar, kuma shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin jihar. Manyan kayan abinci da ake nomawa a yankin sun hada da gero, Dawa, masara, rogo, dankalin turawa, shinkafa, wake, albasa da kayan lambu, sannan kuma ana samar da kayan amfanin gona da suka hada da alkama, waken soya, ginger, rake, gyada a jihar. Hakazalika, ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa irin su mangwaro, kashu, Goba, da Gwanda a karkashin aikin gona. Jihar Kebbi tana da Hukumar Bunkasa Aikin Gona ta Kebbi wadda ke da alhakin aiwatar da manufofinta na noma. Jihar Kebbi tana da rafukan dasuke taimakawa wajen inganta tattalin arzikintav irin su Neja da Rima domin bunkasa ayyukan kamun kifi. Kamun kifi ya kasance daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan mazauna jihar. Har ila yau jihar ta shahara a bangaren kiwon dabbobi sun sanya jihar ta zama tushen albarkatun kasa ===MA'ADANAN KASA=== Ma'adinai a jihar sun hada da farar kasa, gishiri, yumbu da gypsum. ===BIKIN KAMUN KIFI=== Wannan dai na daya daga cikin bukukuwan da suka fi shahara a nahiyar Afirka kuma ana gudanar da shi a duk shekara a a garin Argungu, jihar Kebbi ta Najeriya. Daya daga cikin bukukuwan sana’o’i shi ne bikin kamun kifi da al’adu na Argungu. An fara gudanar da bikin Argungu a matsayin babban biki a shekarar 1934, inda aka shirya shi domin tunawa da ziyarar Sarkin Musulmi, [[Malam Hassan Dan Muazu]] a garin Argungu. Har ya zuwa yanzu, taron na masunta na Gudana duk Shekara inda dubban mutane ke taruwa domin Aiwatar da bikin wasan kamun kifin. Bikin kamun kifinl na Argungu hanya ce ta rayuwa ga al’ummar jihar Kebbi. Bikin yana kiyaye al'ada kuma yana inganta ta. Bikin na shekara-shekara yana faruwa ne al watan Fabrairu kuma yana nuna karshen lokacin noma da kuma lokacin kamun kifi. Bikin kamun kifi na Argungu na shekara-shekara ne da ke jan hankalin jama'a daga ko'ina cikin Najeriya da wajen kuma taron al'adu ne na kwanaki hudu da ke zuwa tare da bikin kamun kifi a kogin Matan Fada inda duk wani mai kamun kifi da ya kama kifi mafi girma yana samun lada. Ana ba masuntan sa'a guda ne kawai don su su kamo mafi girman kifia wannan lokacin, kuma kusan masunta dubu ne suke shiga cikin kogin tare da kayan kamun kifinsu da tarunsu don kama kifi mafi girma daga cikin Kogin, ana harbaba bindiga ne dokln ba masunta damar shiga cikin kogin. Bikin na shekara-shekara baya ga bikin kamun kifi kuma yana kunshe da abubuwan kade-kade, al'adu, da na wasanni. Wannan wata shahararriyar gasar kamun kifi ce da aka saba gudanarwa duk shekara a jihar Kebbi, kuma wurin yawon bude ido ne inda dukkan masunta ke fara farautar kamun kifi na awa daya. Kogin Matan Fada shi ne wurin da za a gudanar da gasar kuma yana a garin Argungu, wanda shi ne babban birnin masarautar Argungu, kuma ba wai kawai zai zama wurin shakatawa ba ne a lokacin bikin kamun kifi na Argungu, har ma a matsayin al'adun gargajiya na mutanen Kabawa da ke da dimbin tarihi. su ne manyan kabilun da ke zaune a masarautar Argungu. Babu wani hani ga dukbwanda zai iya shiga gasar, 'Yan kallo suna da yawa sosai wanda ya haifar da habakar tattalin arzikin jama'a sakamakon fa'idar kasuwanci da ke da alaka da bikin. [[File:Black pickup truck in birnin kebbi.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kebbi]] Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihohi hudu (4), sune: [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]], [[Zamfara]] da kuma jihar [[Nijar (jiha)|Niger]]. [[File:Kebbi State Nigeria.png|thumb|Taswirar Jihar Kebbi]] [[File:ALMAJIRI children at Kebbi State Nigeria 2.jpg|thumb|Makarantar allo a kebbi]] <ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Kebbi-state-Nigeria</ref> ===Kananan Hukumomi=== Jihar Kebbi na da kananan hukumomi guda ashirin da daya (21), da masarautu hudu, su ne; ([[Masarautar Gwandu]], [[MasarautarArgungun]], [[Masarautar Yauri]] da [[Masarautar Zuru]]), tana kuma da gundumomi (35). Kananan hukumomin su ne: * [[Aleiro]] * [[Arewa Dandi]] * [[Argungu]] * [[Augie]] * [[Bagudo]] * [[Birnin Kebbi]] * [[Bunza]] * [[Dandi, Nigeria|Dandi]] * [[Fakai]] * [[Gwandu]] * [[Jega, Nigeria|Jega]] * [[Kalgo]] * [[Koko/Besse]] * [[Maiyama]] * [[Ngaski]] * [[Sakaba]] * [[Shanga, Nigeria|Shanga]] * [[Suru, Nigeria|Suru]] * [[Danko/Wasagu]] * [[Yauri, Nigeria|Yauri]] * [[Zuru]] == Manazarta == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kebbi}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 17cjrvc8s17lvhca99ibw047q0fkghz 863246 863245 2026-06-21T15:23:07Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863246 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Kebbi stadium car park.jpg|thumb|Garejin motoci a Kebbi]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar kebbi]] [[File:Community group meeting Kebbi State - Nigeria June 2015 (18863735256).jpg|thumb|Mutanen jihar kebbi]] [[File:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb|Seal of kebbi state]] [[File:Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618205222/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Village settlers crossing a river on boat in Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Kogin kebbi]] '''Jihar Kebbi''' jiha ce dake a ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fadin kasa kimanin kilomita murabba’i 36,800 da yawan jama’a milyan Uku da dubu ɗari shida da talatin da ɗari takwas da talatin da ɗaya (jimillar 2005). An samar da jihar [[Kebbi]] ne daga Jihar Sakkwato a ranar 27 ga Agustan shekarar 1991 a lokacin mulkin [[Janar Ibrahim Babangida]]. Babban Birnin Jihar shi ne [[Birnin Kebbi]]. Jihar Kebbi ta kasu zuwa ƙananan hukumomi 21, da masarautu hudu (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri da Zuru), da gundumomi 35<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref>. Jihar Kebbi ta samo sunan ta ne daga karni na 14" MULKIN KEBBI" wanda ya kasance lardin tsohuwar daular Songhai. Musulunci shine addini mafi rinjaye. Jihar tana Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya, jihar Kebbi tana da faɗin murabba'in kilomita 36,800. Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihar Sokoto a bangaren arewa maso gabas, jihar Zamfara daga gabas, jihar Neja ta bangaren yamma sannan kudu da jamhuriyar Nijar a ɓangaren yamma.<ref>Ojo, Demola. "Family of Elephants Make Kebbi Their Home". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref> ===TATTALIN ARZIKI=== [[Fayil:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb]] Jihar Kebbi tana da wuraren da ake amfani da shi wajen noma tun da yake tana da arzikin kasa mai yawa, filayen gonaki masu yawa da kuma rafuka masu bunkasa fannin tattalin arziki da ke samar da yanayi mai kyau. Bisa wadannan dalilai, noma ya kasance babbar hanyar samun kudaden shiga a jihar, kuma shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin jihar. Manyan kayan abinci da ake nomawa a yankin sun hada da gero, Dawa, masara, rogo, dankalin turawa, shinkafa, wake, albasa da kayan lambu, sannan kuma ana samar da kayan amfanin gona da suka hada da alkama, waken soya, ginger, rake, gyada a jihar. Hakazalika, ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa irin su mangwaro, kashu, Goba, da Gwanda a karkashin aikin gona. Jihar Kebbi tana da Hukumar Bunkasa Aikin Gona ta Kebbi wadda ke da alhakin aiwatar da manufofinta na noma. Jihar Kebbi tana da rafukan dasuke taimakawa wajen inganta tattalin arzikintav irin su Neja da Rima domin bunkasa ayyukan kamun kifi. Kamun kifi ya kasance daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan mazauna jihar. Har ila yau jihar ta shahara a bangaren kiwon dabbobi sun sanya jihar ta zama tushen albarkatun kasa ===MA'ADANAN KASA=== Ma'adinai a jihar sun hada da farar kasa, gishiri, yumbu da gypsum. ===BIKIN KAMUN KIFI=== Wannan dai na daya daga cikin bukukuwan da suka fi shahara a nahiyar Afirka kuma ana gudanar da shi a duk shekara a a garin Argungu, jihar Kebbi ta Najeriya. Daya daga cikin bukukuwan sana’o’i shi ne bikin kamun kifi da al’adu na Argungu. An fara gudanar da bikin Argungu a matsayin babban biki a shekarar 1934, inda aka shirya shi domin tunawa da ziyarar Sarkin Musulmi, [[Malam Hassan Dan Muazu]] a garin Argungu. Har ya zuwa yanzu, taron na masunta na Gudana duk Shekara inda dubban mutane ke taruwa domin Aiwatar da bikin wasan kamun kifin. Bikin kamun kifinl na Argungu hanya ce ta rayuwa ga al’ummar jihar Kebbi. Bikin yana kiyaye al'ada kuma yana inganta ta. Bikin na shekara-shekara yana faruwa ne al watan Fabrairu kuma yana nuna karshen lokacin noma da kuma lokacin kamun kifi. Bikin kamun kifi na Argungu na shekara-shekara ne da ke jan hankalin jama'a daga ko'ina cikin Najeriya da wajen kuma taron al'adu ne na kwanaki hudu da ke zuwa tare da bikin kamun kifi a kogin Matan Fada inda duk wani mai kamun kifi da ya kama kifi mafi girma yana samun lada. Ana ba masuntan sa'a guda ne kawai don su su kamo mafi girman kifia wannan lokacin, kuma kusan masunta dubu ne suke shiga cikin kogin tare da kayan kamun kifinsu da tarunsu don kama kifi mafi girma daga cikin Kogin, ana harbaba bindiga ne dokln ba masunta damar shiga cikin kogin. Bikin na shekara-shekara baya ga bikin kamun kifi kuma yana kunshe da abubuwan kade-kade, al'adu, da na wasanni. Wannan wata shahararriyar gasar kamun kifi ce da aka saba gudanarwa duk shekara a jihar Kebbi, kuma wurin yawon bude ido ne inda dukkan masunta ke fara farautar kamun kifi na awa daya. Kogin Matan Fada shi ne wurin da za a gudanar da gasar kuma yana a garin Argungu, wanda shi ne babban birnin masarautar Argungu, kuma ba wai kawai zai zama wurin shakatawa ba ne a lokacin bikin kamun kifi na Argungu, har ma a matsayin al'adun gargajiya na mutanen Kabawa da ke da dimbin tarihi. su ne manyan kabilun da ke zaune a masarautar Argungu. Babu wani hani ga dukbwanda zai iya shiga gasar, 'Yan kallo suna da yawa sosai wanda ya haifar da habakar tattalin arzikin jama'a sakamakon fa'idar kasuwanci da ke da alaka da bikin. [[File:Black pickup truck in birnin kebbi.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kebbi]] Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihohi hudu (4), sune: [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]], [[Zamfara]] da kuma jihar [[Nijar (jiha)|Niger]]. [[File:Kebbi State Nigeria.png|thumb|Taswirar Jihar Kebbi]] [[File:ALMAJIRI children at Kebbi State Nigeria 2.jpg|thumb|Makarantar allo a kebbi]] <ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Kebbi-state-Nigeria</ref> ===Kananan Hukumomi=== Jihar Kebbi na da kananan hukumomi guda ashirin da daya (21), da masarautu hudu, su ne; ([[Masarautar Gwandu]], [[MasarautarArgungun]], [[Masarautar Yauri]] da [[Masarautar Zuru]]), tana kuma da gundumomi (35). Kananan hukumomin su ne: * [[Aleiro]] * [[Arewa Dandi]] * [[Argungu]] * [[Augie]] * [[Bagudo]] * [[Birnin Kebbi]] * [[Bunza]] * [[Dandi, Nigeria|Dandi]] * [[Fakai]] * [[Gwandu]] * [[Jega, Nigeria|Jega]] * [[Kalgo]] * [[Koko/Besse]] * [[Maiyama]] * [[Ngaski]] * [[Sakaba]] * [[Shanga, Nigeria|Shanga]] * [[Suru, Nigeria|Suru]] * [[Danko/Wasagu]] * [[Yauri, Nigeria|Yauri]] * [[Zuru]] == Manazarta == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kebbi}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] nuqndhxg5f2hvdmcytjmbo4chz3on5n 863247 863246 2026-06-21T15:23:45Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863247 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Kebbi stadium car park.jpg|thumb|Garejin motoci a Kebbi]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar kebbi]] [[File:Community group meeting Kebbi State - Nigeria June 2015 (18863735256).jpg|thumb|Mutanen jihar kebbi]] [[File:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb|Seal of kebbi state]] [[File:Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618205222/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Village settlers crossing a river on boat in Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Kogin kebbi]] '''Jihar Kebbi''' jiha ce dake a ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fadin kasa kimanin kilomita murabba’i 36,800 da yawan jama’a milyan Uku da dubu ɗari shida da talatin da ɗari takwas da talatin da ɗaya (jimillar 2005). An samar da jihar [[Kebbi]] ne daga Jihar Sakkwato a ranar 27 ga Agustan shekarar 1991 a lokacin mulkin [[Janar Ibrahim Babangida]]. Babban Birnin Jihar shi ne [[Birnin Kebbi]]. Jihar Kebbi ta kasu zuwa ƙananan hukumomi 21, da masarautu hudu (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri da Zuru), da gundumomi 35<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref>. Jihar Kebbi ta samo sunan ta ne daga karni na 14" MULKIN KEBBI" wanda ya kasance lardin tsohuwar daular Songhai. Musulunci shine addini mafi rinjaye. Jihar tana Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya, jihar Kebbi tana da faɗin murabba'in kilomita 36,800. Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihar Sokoto a bangaren arewa maso gabas, jihar Zamfara daga gabas, jihar Neja ta bangaren yamma sannan kudu da jamhuriyar Nijar a ɓangaren yamma.<ref>Ojo, Demola. "Family of Elephants Make Kebbi Their Home". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>Okpanachi, Eyene (2011). "Between Conflict and Compromise: Lessons on Sharia and Pluralism from Nigeria Kaduna and Kebbi States". Emory International Review. 25 (2): 900.</ref> ===TATTALIN ARZIKI=== [[Fayil:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb]] Jihar Kebbi tana da wuraren da ake amfani da shi wajen noma tun da yake tana da arzikin kasa mai yawa, filayen gonaki masu yawa da kuma rafuka masu bunkasa fannin tattalin arziki da ke samar da yanayi mai kyau. Bisa wadannan dalilai, noma ya kasance babbar hanyar samun kudaden shiga a jihar, kuma shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin jihar. Manyan kayan abinci da ake nomawa a yankin sun hada da gero, Dawa, masara, rogo, dankalin turawa, shinkafa, wake, albasa da kayan lambu, sannan kuma ana samar da kayan amfanin gona da suka hada da alkama, waken soya, ginger, rake, gyada a jihar. Hakazalika, ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa irin su mangwaro, kashu, Goba, da Gwanda a karkashin aikin gona. Jihar Kebbi tana da Hukumar Bunkasa Aikin Gona ta Kebbi wadda ke da alhakin aiwatar da manufofinta na noma. Jihar Kebbi tana da rafukan dasuke taimakawa wajen inganta tattalin arzikintav irin su Neja da Rima domin bunkasa ayyukan kamun kifi. Kamun kifi ya kasance daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan mazauna jihar. Har ila yau jihar ta shahara a bangaren kiwon dabbobi sun sanya jihar ta zama tushen albarkatun kasa ===MA'ADANAN KASA=== Ma'adinai a jihar sun hada da farar kasa, gishiri, yumbu da gypsum. ===BIKIN KAMUN KIFI=== Wannan dai na daya daga cikin bukukuwan da suka fi shahara a nahiyar Afirka kuma ana gudanar da shi a duk shekara a a garin Argungu, jihar Kebbi ta Najeriya. Daya daga cikin bukukuwan sana’o’i shi ne bikin kamun kifi da al’adu na Argungu. An fara gudanar da bikin Argungu a matsayin babban biki a shekarar 1934, inda aka shirya shi domin tunawa da ziyarar Sarkin Musulmi, [[Malam Hassan Dan Muazu]] a garin Argungu. Har ya zuwa yanzu, taron na masunta na Gudana duk Shekara inda dubban mutane ke taruwa domin Aiwatar da bikin wasan kamun kifin. Bikin kamun kifinl na Argungu hanya ce ta rayuwa ga al’ummar jihar Kebbi. Bikin yana kiyaye al'ada kuma yana inganta ta. Bikin na shekara-shekara yana faruwa ne al watan Fabrairu kuma yana nuna karshen lokacin noma da kuma lokacin kamun kifi. Bikin kamun kifi na Argungu na shekara-shekara ne da ke jan hankalin jama'a daga ko'ina cikin Najeriya da wajen kuma taron al'adu ne na kwanaki hudu da ke zuwa tare da bikin kamun kifi a kogin Matan Fada inda duk wani mai kamun kifi da ya kama kifi mafi girma yana samun lada. Ana ba masuntan sa'a guda ne kawai don su su kamo mafi girman kifia wannan lokacin, kuma kusan masunta dubu ne suke shiga cikin kogin tare da kayan kamun kifinsu da tarunsu don kama kifi mafi girma daga cikin Kogin, ana harbaba bindiga ne dokln ba masunta damar shiga cikin kogin. Bikin na shekara-shekara baya ga bikin kamun kifi kuma yana kunshe da abubuwan kade-kade, al'adu, da na wasanni. Wannan wata shahararriyar gasar kamun kifi ce da aka saba gudanarwa duk shekara a jihar Kebbi, kuma wurin yawon bude ido ne inda dukkan masunta ke fara farautar kamun kifi na awa daya. Kogin Matan Fada shi ne wurin da za a gudanar da gasar kuma yana a garin Argungu, wanda shi ne babban birnin masarautar Argungu, kuma ba wai kawai zai zama wurin shakatawa ba ne a lokacin bikin kamun kifi na Argungu, har ma a matsayin al'adun gargajiya na mutanen Kabawa da ke da dimbin tarihi. su ne manyan kabilun da ke zaune a masarautar Argungu. Babu wani hani ga dukbwanda zai iya shiga gasar, 'Yan kallo suna da yawa sosai wanda ya haifar da habakar tattalin arzikin jama'a sakamakon fa'idar kasuwanci da ke da alaka da bikin. [[File:Black pickup truck in birnin kebbi.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kebbi]] Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihohi hudu (4), sune: [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]], [[Zamfara]] da kuma jihar [[Nijar (jiha)|Niger]]. [[File:Kebbi State Nigeria.png|thumb|Taswirar Jihar Kebbi]] [[File:ALMAJIRI children at Kebbi State Nigeria 2.jpg|thumb|Makarantar allo a kebbi]] <ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Kebbi-state-Nigeria</ref> ===Kananan Hukumomi=== Jihar Kebbi na da kananan hukumomi guda ashirin da daya (21), da masarautu hudu, su ne; ([[Masarautar Gwandu]], [[MasarautarArgungun]], [[Masarautar Yauri]] da [[Masarautar Zuru]]), tana kuma da gundumomi (35). Kananan hukumomin su ne: * [[Aleiro]] * [[Arewa Dandi]] * [[Argungu]] * [[Augie]] * [[Bagudo]] * [[Birnin Kebbi]] * [[Bunza]] * [[Dandi, Nigeria|Dandi]] * [[Fakai]] * [[Gwandu]] * [[Jega, Nigeria|Jega]] * [[Kalgo]] * [[Koko/Besse]] * [[Maiyama]] * [[Ngaski]] * [[Sakaba]] * [[Shanga, Nigeria|Shanga]] * [[Suru, Nigeria|Suru]] * [[Danko/Wasagu]] * [[Yauri, Nigeria|Yauri]] * [[Zuru]] == Manazarta == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kebbi}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] j6cusmqsbvasj3ey0qtunykevm5g7mb 863250 863247 2026-06-21T15:24:37Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863250 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Kebbi stadium car park.jpg|thumb|Garejin motoci a Kebbi]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar kebbi]] [[File:Community group meeting Kebbi State - Nigeria June 2015 (18863735256).jpg|thumb|Mutanen jihar kebbi]] [[File:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb|Seal of kebbi state]] [[File:Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618205222/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Village settlers crossing a river on boat in Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Kogin kebbi]] '''Jihar Kebbi''' jiha ce dake a ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fadin kasa kimanin kilomita murabba’i 36,800 da yawan jama’a milyan Uku da dubu ɗari shida da talatin da ɗari takwas da talatin da ɗaya (jimillar 2005). An samar da jihar [[Kebbi]] ne daga Jihar Sakkwato a ranar 27 ga Agustan shekarar 1991 a lokacin mulkin [[Janar Ibrahim Babangida]]. Babban Birnin Jihar shi ne [[Birnin Kebbi]]. Jihar Kebbi ta kasu zuwa ƙananan hukumomi 21, da masarautu hudu (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri da Zuru), da gundumomi 35<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref>. Jihar Kebbi ta samo sunan ta ne daga karni na 14" MULKIN KEBBI" wanda ya kasance lardin tsohuwar daular Songhai. Musulunci shine addini mafi rinjaye. Jihar tana Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya, jihar Kebbi tana da faɗin murabba'in kilomita 36,800. Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihar Sokoto a bangaren arewa maso gabas, jihar Zamfara daga gabas, jihar Neja ta bangaren yamma sannan kudu da jamhuriyar Nijar a ɓangaren yamma.<ref>Ojo, Demola. "Family of Elephants Make Kebbi Their Home". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>Okpanachi, Eyene (2011). "Between Conflict and Compromise: Lessons on Sharia and Pluralism from Nigeria Kaduna and Kebbi States". Emory International Review. 25 (2): 900.</ref><ref>George Steinmetz (1999). State/culture: state-formation after the cultural turn. Cornell University Press. p. 231. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8014-8533-9</nowiki>. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref> ===TATTALIN ARZIKI=== [[Fayil:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb]] Jihar Kebbi tana da wuraren da ake amfani da shi wajen noma tun da yake tana da arzikin kasa mai yawa, filayen gonaki masu yawa da kuma rafuka masu bunkasa fannin tattalin arziki da ke samar da yanayi mai kyau. Bisa wadannan dalilai, noma ya kasance babbar hanyar samun kudaden shiga a jihar, kuma shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin jihar. Manyan kayan abinci da ake nomawa a yankin sun hada da gero, Dawa, masara, rogo, dankalin turawa, shinkafa, wake, albasa da kayan lambu, sannan kuma ana samar da kayan amfanin gona da suka hada da alkama, waken soya, ginger, rake, gyada a jihar. Hakazalika, ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa irin su mangwaro, kashu, Goba, da Gwanda a karkashin aikin gona. Jihar Kebbi tana da Hukumar Bunkasa Aikin Gona ta Kebbi wadda ke da alhakin aiwatar da manufofinta na noma. Jihar Kebbi tana da rafukan dasuke taimakawa wajen inganta tattalin arzikintav irin su Neja da Rima domin bunkasa ayyukan kamun kifi. Kamun kifi ya kasance daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan mazauna jihar. Har ila yau jihar ta shahara a bangaren kiwon dabbobi sun sanya jihar ta zama tushen albarkatun kasa ===MA'ADANAN KASA=== Ma'adinai a jihar sun hada da farar kasa, gishiri, yumbu da gypsum. ===BIKIN KAMUN KIFI=== Wannan dai na daya daga cikin bukukuwan da suka fi shahara a nahiyar Afirka kuma ana gudanar da shi a duk shekara a a garin Argungu, jihar Kebbi ta Najeriya. Daya daga cikin bukukuwan sana’o’i shi ne bikin kamun kifi da al’adu na Argungu. An fara gudanar da bikin Argungu a matsayin babban biki a shekarar 1934, inda aka shirya shi domin tunawa da ziyarar Sarkin Musulmi, [[Malam Hassan Dan Muazu]] a garin Argungu. Har ya zuwa yanzu, taron na masunta na Gudana duk Shekara inda dubban mutane ke taruwa domin Aiwatar da bikin wasan kamun kifin. Bikin kamun kifinl na Argungu hanya ce ta rayuwa ga al’ummar jihar Kebbi. Bikin yana kiyaye al'ada kuma yana inganta ta. Bikin na shekara-shekara yana faruwa ne al watan Fabrairu kuma yana nuna karshen lokacin noma da kuma lokacin kamun kifi. Bikin kamun kifi na Argungu na shekara-shekara ne da ke jan hankalin jama'a daga ko'ina cikin Najeriya da wajen kuma taron al'adu ne na kwanaki hudu da ke zuwa tare da bikin kamun kifi a kogin Matan Fada inda duk wani mai kamun kifi da ya kama kifi mafi girma yana samun lada. Ana ba masuntan sa'a guda ne kawai don su su kamo mafi girman kifia wannan lokacin, kuma kusan masunta dubu ne suke shiga cikin kogin tare da kayan kamun kifinsu da tarunsu don kama kifi mafi girma daga cikin Kogin, ana harbaba bindiga ne dokln ba masunta damar shiga cikin kogin. Bikin na shekara-shekara baya ga bikin kamun kifi kuma yana kunshe da abubuwan kade-kade, al'adu, da na wasanni. Wannan wata shahararriyar gasar kamun kifi ce da aka saba gudanarwa duk shekara a jihar Kebbi, kuma wurin yawon bude ido ne inda dukkan masunta ke fara farautar kamun kifi na awa daya. Kogin Matan Fada shi ne wurin da za a gudanar da gasar kuma yana a garin Argungu, wanda shi ne babban birnin masarautar Argungu, kuma ba wai kawai zai zama wurin shakatawa ba ne a lokacin bikin kamun kifi na Argungu, har ma a matsayin al'adun gargajiya na mutanen Kabawa da ke da dimbin tarihi. su ne manyan kabilun da ke zaune a masarautar Argungu. Babu wani hani ga dukbwanda zai iya shiga gasar, 'Yan kallo suna da yawa sosai wanda ya haifar da habakar tattalin arzikin jama'a sakamakon fa'idar kasuwanci da ke da alaka da bikin. [[File:Black pickup truck in birnin kebbi.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kebbi]] Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihohi hudu (4), sune: [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]], [[Zamfara]] da kuma jihar [[Nijar (jiha)|Niger]]. [[File:Kebbi State Nigeria.png|thumb|Taswirar Jihar Kebbi]] [[File:ALMAJIRI children at Kebbi State Nigeria 2.jpg|thumb|Makarantar allo a kebbi]] <ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Kebbi-state-Nigeria</ref> ===Kananan Hukumomi=== Jihar Kebbi na da kananan hukumomi guda ashirin da daya (21), da masarautu hudu, su ne; ([[Masarautar Gwandu]], [[MasarautarArgungun]], [[Masarautar Yauri]] da [[Masarautar Zuru]]), tana kuma da gundumomi (35). Kananan hukumomin su ne: * [[Aleiro]] * [[Arewa Dandi]] * [[Argungu]] * [[Augie]] * [[Bagudo]] * [[Birnin Kebbi]] * [[Bunza]] * [[Dandi, Nigeria|Dandi]] * [[Fakai]] * [[Gwandu]] * [[Jega, Nigeria|Jega]] * [[Kalgo]] * [[Koko/Besse]] * [[Maiyama]] * [[Ngaski]] * [[Sakaba]] * [[Shanga, Nigeria|Shanga]] * [[Suru, Nigeria|Suru]] * [[Danko/Wasagu]] * [[Yauri, Nigeria|Yauri]] * [[Zuru]] == Manazarta == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kebbi}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 6p0de6eccxbnjiugrc52taupmbn6s8r 863251 863250 2026-06-21T15:25:27Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Kebbi stadium car park.jpg|thumb|Garejin motoci a Kebbi]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar kebbi]] [[File:Community group meeting Kebbi State - Nigeria June 2015 (18863735256).jpg|thumb|Mutanen jihar kebbi]] [[File:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb|Seal of kebbi state]] [[File:Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618205222/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Village settlers crossing a river on boat in Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Kogin kebbi]] '''Jihar Kebbi''' jiha ce dake a ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fadin kasa kimanin kilomita murabba’i 36,800 da yawan jama’a milyan Uku da dubu ɗari shida da talatin da ɗari takwas da talatin da ɗaya (jimillar 2005). An samar da jihar [[Kebbi]] ne daga Jihar Sakkwato a ranar 27 ga Agustan shekarar 1991 a lokacin mulkin [[Janar Ibrahim Babangida]]. Babban Birnin Jihar shi ne [[Birnin Kebbi]]. Jihar Kebbi ta kasu zuwa ƙananan hukumomi 21, da masarautu hudu (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri da Zuru), da gundumomi 35<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref>. Jihar Kebbi ta samo sunan ta ne daga karni na 14" MULKIN KEBBI" wanda ya kasance lardin tsohuwar daular Songhai. Musulunci shine addini mafi rinjaye. Jihar tana Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya, jihar Kebbi tana da faɗin murabba'in kilomita 36,800. Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihar Sokoto a bangaren arewa maso gabas, jihar Zamfara daga gabas, jihar Neja ta bangaren yamma sannan kudu da jamhuriyar Nijar a ɓangaren yamma.<ref>Ojo, Demola. "Family of Elephants Make Kebbi Their Home". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>Okpanachi, Eyene (2011). "Between Conflict and Compromise: Lessons on Sharia and Pluralism from Nigeria Kaduna and Kebbi States". Emory International Review. 25 (2): 900.</ref><ref>George Steinmetz (1999). State/culture: state-formation after the cultural turn. Cornell University Press. p. 231. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8014-8533-9</nowiki>. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref> ===TATTALIN ARZIKI=== [[Fayil:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb]] Jihar Kebbi tana da wuraren da ake amfani da shi wajen noma tun da yake tana da arzikin kasa mai yawa, filayen gonaki masu yawa da kuma rafuka masu bunkasa fannin tattalin arziki da ke samar da yanayi mai kyau. Bisa wadannan dalilai, noma ya kasance babbar hanyar samun kudaden shiga a jihar, kuma shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin jihar. Manyan kayan abinci da ake nomawa a yankin sun hada da gero, Dawa, masara, rogo, dankalin turawa, shinkafa, wake, albasa da kayan lambu, sannan kuma ana samar da kayan amfanin gona da suka hada da alkama, waken soya, ginger, rake, gyada a jihar.<ref>"U.S. Ambassador Joins Kebbi Governor to Launch New Partnership with WACOT Rice to Improve Food Security". USAID. 20 May 2021. Archived from the original on 20 May 2022. Retrieved 25 December 2021</ref> Hakazalika, ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa irin su mangwaro, kashu, Goba, da Gwanda a karkashin aikin gona. Jihar Kebbi tana da Hukumar Bunkasa Aikin Gona ta Kebbi wadda ke da alhakin aiwatar da manufofinta na noma. Jihar Kebbi tana da rafukan dasuke taimakawa wajen inganta tattalin arzikintav irin su Neja da Rima domin bunkasa ayyukan kamun kifi. Kamun kifi ya kasance daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan mazauna jihar. Har ila yau jihar ta shahara a bangaren kiwon dabbobi sun sanya jihar ta zama tushen albarkatun kasa ===MA'ADANAN KASA=== Ma'adinai a jihar sun hada da farar kasa, gishiri, yumbu da gypsum. ===BIKIN KAMUN KIFI=== Wannan dai na daya daga cikin bukukuwan da suka fi shahara a nahiyar Afirka kuma ana gudanar da shi a duk shekara a a garin Argungu, jihar Kebbi ta Najeriya. Daya daga cikin bukukuwan sana’o’i shi ne bikin kamun kifi da al’adu na Argungu. An fara gudanar da bikin Argungu a matsayin babban biki a shekarar 1934, inda aka shirya shi domin tunawa da ziyarar Sarkin Musulmi, [[Malam Hassan Dan Muazu]] a garin Argungu. Har ya zuwa yanzu, taron na masunta na Gudana duk Shekara inda dubban mutane ke taruwa domin Aiwatar da bikin wasan kamun kifin. Bikin kamun kifinl na Argungu hanya ce ta rayuwa ga al’ummar jihar Kebbi. Bikin yana kiyaye al'ada kuma yana inganta ta. Bikin na shekara-shekara yana faruwa ne al watan Fabrairu kuma yana nuna karshen lokacin noma da kuma lokacin kamun kifi. Bikin kamun kifi na Argungu na shekara-shekara ne da ke jan hankalin jama'a daga ko'ina cikin Najeriya da wajen kuma taron al'adu ne na kwanaki hudu da ke zuwa tare da bikin kamun kifi a kogin Matan Fada inda duk wani mai kamun kifi da ya kama kifi mafi girma yana samun lada. Ana ba masuntan sa'a guda ne kawai don su su kamo mafi girman kifia wannan lokacin, kuma kusan masunta dubu ne suke shiga cikin kogin tare da kayan kamun kifinsu da tarunsu don kama kifi mafi girma daga cikin Kogin, ana harbaba bindiga ne dokln ba masunta damar shiga cikin kogin. Bikin na shekara-shekara baya ga bikin kamun kifi kuma yana kunshe da abubuwan kade-kade, al'adu, da na wasanni. Wannan wata shahararriyar gasar kamun kifi ce da aka saba gudanarwa duk shekara a jihar Kebbi, kuma wurin yawon bude ido ne inda dukkan masunta ke fara farautar kamun kifi na awa daya. Kogin Matan Fada shi ne wurin da za a gudanar da gasar kuma yana a garin Argungu, wanda shi ne babban birnin masarautar Argungu, kuma ba wai kawai zai zama wurin shakatawa ba ne a lokacin bikin kamun kifi na Argungu, har ma a matsayin al'adun gargajiya na mutanen Kabawa da ke da dimbin tarihi. su ne manyan kabilun da ke zaune a masarautar Argungu. Babu wani hani ga dukbwanda zai iya shiga gasar, 'Yan kallo suna da yawa sosai wanda ya haifar da habakar tattalin arzikin jama'a sakamakon fa'idar kasuwanci da ke da alaka da bikin. [[File:Black pickup truck in birnin kebbi.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kebbi]] Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihohi hudu (4), sune: [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]], [[Zamfara]] da kuma jihar [[Nijar (jiha)|Niger]]. [[File:Kebbi State Nigeria.png|thumb|Taswirar Jihar Kebbi]] [[File:ALMAJIRI children at Kebbi State Nigeria 2.jpg|thumb|Makarantar allo a kebbi]] <ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Kebbi-state-Nigeria</ref> ===Kananan Hukumomi=== Jihar Kebbi na da kananan hukumomi guda ashirin da daya (21), da masarautu hudu, su ne; ([[Masarautar Gwandu]], [[MasarautarArgungun]], [[Masarautar Yauri]] da [[Masarautar Zuru]]), tana kuma da gundumomi (35). Kananan hukumomin su ne: * [[Aleiro]] * [[Arewa Dandi]] * [[Argungu]] * [[Augie]] * [[Bagudo]] * [[Birnin Kebbi]] * [[Bunza]] * [[Dandi, Nigeria|Dandi]] * [[Fakai]] * [[Gwandu]] * [[Jega, Nigeria|Jega]] * [[Kalgo]] * [[Koko/Besse]] * [[Maiyama]] * [[Ngaski]] * [[Sakaba]] * [[Shanga, Nigeria|Shanga]] * [[Suru, Nigeria|Suru]] * [[Danko/Wasagu]] * [[Yauri, Nigeria|Yauri]] * [[Zuru]] == Manazarta == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kebbi}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] avv4tu80gm6p6fegmqm9a69aiu48fgv 863255 863251 2026-06-21T15:26:17Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863255 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Kebbi stadium car park.jpg|thumb|Garejin motoci a Kebbi]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar kebbi]] [[File:Community group meeting Kebbi State - Nigeria June 2015 (18863735256).jpg|thumb|Mutanen jihar kebbi]] [[File:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb|Seal of kebbi state]] [[File:Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618205222/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Village settlers crossing a river on boat in Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Kogin kebbi]] '''Jihar Kebbi''' jiha ce dake a ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fadin kasa kimanin kilomita murabba’i 36,800 da yawan jama’a milyan Uku da dubu ɗari shida da talatin da ɗari takwas da talatin da ɗaya (jimillar 2005). An samar da jihar [[Kebbi]] ne daga Jihar Sakkwato a ranar 27 ga Agustan shekarar 1991 a lokacin mulkin [[Janar Ibrahim Babangida]]. Babban Birnin Jihar shi ne [[Birnin Kebbi]]. Jihar Kebbi ta kasu zuwa ƙananan hukumomi 21, da masarautu hudu (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri da Zuru), da gundumomi 35<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref>. Jihar Kebbi ta samo sunan ta ne daga karni na 14" MULKIN KEBBI" wanda ya kasance lardin tsohuwar daular Songhai. Musulunci shine addini mafi rinjaye. Jihar tana Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya, jihar Kebbi tana da faɗin murabba'in kilomita 36,800. Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihar Sokoto a bangaren arewa maso gabas, jihar Zamfara daga gabas, jihar Neja ta bangaren yamma sannan kudu da jamhuriyar Nijar a ɓangaren yamma.<ref>Ojo, Demola. "Family of Elephants Make Kebbi Their Home". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>Okpanachi, Eyene (2011). "Between Conflict and Compromise: Lessons on Sharia and Pluralism from Nigeria Kaduna and Kebbi States". Emory International Review. 25 (2): 900.</ref><ref>George Steinmetz (1999). State/culture: state-formation after the cultural turn. Cornell University Press. p. 231. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8014-8533-9</nowiki>. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref> ===TATTALIN ARZIKI=== [[Fayil:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb]] Jihar Kebbi tana da wuraren da ake amfani da shi wajen noma tun da yake tana da arzikin kasa mai yawa, filayen gonaki masu yawa da kuma rafuka masu bunkasa fannin tattalin arziki da ke samar da yanayi mai kyau. Bisa wadannan dalilai, noma ya kasance babbar hanyar samun kudaden shiga a jihar, kuma shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin jihar. Manyan kayan abinci da ake nomawa a yankin sun hada da gero, Dawa, masara, rogo, dankalin turawa, shinkafa, wake, albasa da kayan lambu, sannan kuma ana samar da kayan amfanin gona da suka hada da alkama, waken soya, ginger, rake, gyada a jihar.<ref>"U.S. Ambassador Joins Kebbi Governor to Launch New Partnership with WACOT Rice to Improve Food Security". USAID. 20 May 2021. Archived from the original on 20 May 2022. Retrieved 25 December 2021</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021</ref> Hakazalika, ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa irin su mangwaro, kashu, Goba, da Gwanda a karkashin aikin gona. Jihar Kebbi tana da Hukumar Bunkasa Aikin Gona ta Kebbi wadda ke da alhakin aiwatar da manufofinta na noma. Jihar Kebbi tana da rafukan dasuke taimakawa wajen inganta tattalin arzikintav irin su Neja da Rima domin bunkasa ayyukan kamun kifi. Kamun kifi ya kasance daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan mazauna jihar. Har ila yau jihar ta shahara a bangaren kiwon dabbobi sun sanya jihar ta zama tushen albarkatun kasa ===MA'ADANAN KASA=== Ma'adinai a jihar sun hada da farar kasa, gishiri, yumbu da gypsum. ===BIKIN KAMUN KIFI=== Wannan dai na daya daga cikin bukukuwan da suka fi shahara a nahiyar Afirka kuma ana gudanar da shi a duk shekara a a garin Argungu, jihar Kebbi ta Najeriya. Daya daga cikin bukukuwan sana’o’i shi ne bikin kamun kifi da al’adu na Argungu. An fara gudanar da bikin Argungu a matsayin babban biki a shekarar 1934, inda aka shirya shi domin tunawa da ziyarar Sarkin Musulmi, [[Malam Hassan Dan Muazu]] a garin Argungu. Har ya zuwa yanzu, taron na masunta na Gudana duk Shekara inda dubban mutane ke taruwa domin Aiwatar da bikin wasan kamun kifin. Bikin kamun kifinl na Argungu hanya ce ta rayuwa ga al’ummar jihar Kebbi. Bikin yana kiyaye al'ada kuma yana inganta ta. Bikin na shekara-shekara yana faruwa ne al watan Fabrairu kuma yana nuna karshen lokacin noma da kuma lokacin kamun kifi. Bikin kamun kifi na Argungu na shekara-shekara ne da ke jan hankalin jama'a daga ko'ina cikin Najeriya da wajen kuma taron al'adu ne na kwanaki hudu da ke zuwa tare da bikin kamun kifi a kogin Matan Fada inda duk wani mai kamun kifi da ya kama kifi mafi girma yana samun lada. Ana ba masuntan sa'a guda ne kawai don su su kamo mafi girman kifia wannan lokacin, kuma kusan masunta dubu ne suke shiga cikin kogin tare da kayan kamun kifinsu da tarunsu don kama kifi mafi girma daga cikin Kogin, ana harbaba bindiga ne dokln ba masunta damar shiga cikin kogin. Bikin na shekara-shekara baya ga bikin kamun kifi kuma yana kunshe da abubuwan kade-kade, al'adu, da na wasanni. Wannan wata shahararriyar gasar kamun kifi ce da aka saba gudanarwa duk shekara a jihar Kebbi, kuma wurin yawon bude ido ne inda dukkan masunta ke fara farautar kamun kifi na awa daya. Kogin Matan Fada shi ne wurin da za a gudanar da gasar kuma yana a garin Argungu, wanda shi ne babban birnin masarautar Argungu, kuma ba wai kawai zai zama wurin shakatawa ba ne a lokacin bikin kamun kifi na Argungu, har ma a matsayin al'adun gargajiya na mutanen Kabawa da ke da dimbin tarihi. su ne manyan kabilun da ke zaune a masarautar Argungu. Babu wani hani ga dukbwanda zai iya shiga gasar, 'Yan kallo suna da yawa sosai wanda ya haifar da habakar tattalin arzikin jama'a sakamakon fa'idar kasuwanci da ke da alaka da bikin. [[File:Black pickup truck in birnin kebbi.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kebbi]] Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihohi hudu (4), sune: [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]], [[Zamfara]] da kuma jihar [[Nijar (jiha)|Niger]]. [[File:Kebbi State Nigeria.png|thumb|Taswirar Jihar Kebbi]] [[File:ALMAJIRI children at Kebbi State Nigeria 2.jpg|thumb|Makarantar allo a kebbi]] <ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Kebbi-state-Nigeria</ref> ===Kananan Hukumomi=== Jihar Kebbi na da kananan hukumomi guda ashirin da daya (21), da masarautu hudu, su ne; ([[Masarautar Gwandu]], [[MasarautarArgungun]], [[Masarautar Yauri]] da [[Masarautar Zuru]]), tana kuma da gundumomi (35). Kananan hukumomin su ne: * [[Aleiro]] * [[Arewa Dandi]] * [[Argungu]] * [[Augie]] * [[Bagudo]] * [[Birnin Kebbi]] * [[Bunza]] * [[Dandi, Nigeria|Dandi]] * [[Fakai]] * [[Gwandu]] * [[Jega, Nigeria|Jega]] * [[Kalgo]] * [[Koko/Besse]] * [[Maiyama]] * [[Ngaski]] * [[Sakaba]] * [[Shanga, Nigeria|Shanga]] * [[Suru, Nigeria|Suru]] * [[Danko/Wasagu]] * [[Yauri, Nigeria|Yauri]] * [[Zuru]] == Manazarta == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kebbi}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] pk2aqg2xh89sqw3glmf8qtgorcmmk6x 863257 863255 2026-06-21T15:27:07Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Kebbi stadium car park.jpg|thumb|Garejin motoci a Kebbi]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar kebbi]] [[File:Community group meeting Kebbi State - Nigeria June 2015 (18863735256).jpg|thumb|Mutanen jihar kebbi]] [[File:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb|Seal of kebbi state]] [[File:Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618205222/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Village settlers crossing a river on boat in Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Kogin kebbi]] '''Jihar Kebbi''' jiha ce dake a ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fadin kasa kimanin kilomita murabba’i 36,800 da yawan jama’a milyan Uku da dubu ɗari shida da talatin da ɗari takwas da talatin da ɗaya (jimillar 2005). An samar da jihar [[Kebbi]] ne daga Jihar Sakkwato a ranar 27 ga Agustan shekarar 1991 a lokacin mulkin [[Janar Ibrahim Babangida]]. Babban Birnin Jihar shi ne [[Birnin Kebbi]]. Jihar Kebbi ta kasu zuwa ƙananan hukumomi 21, da masarautu hudu (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri da Zuru), da gundumomi 35<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref>. Jihar Kebbi ta samo sunan ta ne daga karni na 14" MULKIN KEBBI" wanda ya kasance lardin tsohuwar daular Songhai. Musulunci shine addini mafi rinjaye. Jihar tana Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya, jihar Kebbi tana da faɗin murabba'in kilomita 36,800. Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihar Sokoto a bangaren arewa maso gabas, jihar Zamfara daga gabas, jihar Neja ta bangaren yamma sannan kudu da jamhuriyar Nijar a ɓangaren yamma.<ref>Ojo, Demola. "Family of Elephants Make Kebbi Their Home". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>Okpanachi, Eyene (2011). "Between Conflict and Compromise: Lessons on Sharia and Pluralism from Nigeria Kaduna and Kebbi States". Emory International Review. 25 (2): 900.</ref><ref>George Steinmetz (1999). State/culture: state-formation after the cultural turn. Cornell University Press. p. 231. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8014-8533-9</nowiki>. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref> ===TATTALIN ARZIKI=== [[Fayil:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb]] Jihar Kebbi tana da wuraren da ake amfani da shi wajen noma tun da yake tana da arzikin kasa mai yawa, filayen gonaki masu yawa da kuma rafuka masu bunkasa fannin tattalin arziki da ke samar da yanayi mai kyau. Bisa wadannan dalilai, noma ya kasance babbar hanyar samun kudaden shiga a jihar, kuma shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin jihar. Manyan kayan abinci da ake nomawa a yankin sun hada da gero, Dawa, masara, rogo, dankalin turawa, shinkafa, wake, albasa da kayan lambu, sannan kuma ana samar da kayan amfanin gona da suka hada da alkama, waken soya, ginger, rake, gyada a jihar.<ref>"U.S. Ambassador Joins Kebbi Governor to Launch New Partnership with WACOT Rice to Improve Food Security". USAID. 20 May 2021. Archived from the original on 20 May 2022. Retrieved 25 December 2021</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021</ref> Hakazalika, ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa irin su mangwaro, kashu, Goba, da Gwanda a karkashin aikin gona. Jihar Kebbi tana da Hukumar Bunkasa Aikin Gona ta Kebbi wadda ke da alhakin aiwatar da manufofinta na noma. Jihar Kebbi tana da rafukan dasuke taimakawa wajen inganta tattalin arzikintav irin su Neja da Rima domin bunkasa ayyukan kamun kifi. Kamun kifi ya kasance daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan mazauna jihar. Har ila yau jihar ta shahara a bangaren kiwon dabbobi sun sanya jihar ta zama tushen albarkatun kasa<ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> ===MA'ADANAN KASA=== Ma'adinai a jihar sun hada da farar kasa, gishiri, yumbu da gypsum. ===BIKIN KAMUN KIFI=== Wannan dai na daya daga cikin bukukuwan da suka fi shahara a nahiyar Afirka kuma ana gudanar da shi a duk shekara a a garin Argungu, jihar Kebbi ta Najeriya. Daya daga cikin bukukuwan sana’o’i shi ne bikin kamun kifi da al’adu na Argungu. An fara gudanar da bikin Argungu a matsayin babban biki a shekarar 1934, inda aka shirya shi domin tunawa da ziyarar Sarkin Musulmi, [[Malam Hassan Dan Muazu]] a garin Argungu. Har ya zuwa yanzu, taron na masunta na Gudana duk Shekara inda dubban mutane ke taruwa domin Aiwatar da bikin wasan kamun kifin. Bikin kamun kifinl na Argungu hanya ce ta rayuwa ga al’ummar jihar Kebbi. Bikin yana kiyaye al'ada kuma yana inganta ta. Bikin na shekara-shekara yana faruwa ne al watan Fabrairu kuma yana nuna karshen lokacin noma da kuma lokacin kamun kifi. Bikin kamun kifi na Argungu na shekara-shekara ne da ke jan hankalin jama'a daga ko'ina cikin Najeriya da wajen kuma taron al'adu ne na kwanaki hudu da ke zuwa tare da bikin kamun kifi a kogin Matan Fada inda duk wani mai kamun kifi da ya kama kifi mafi girma yana samun lada. Ana ba masuntan sa'a guda ne kawai don su su kamo mafi girman kifia wannan lokacin, kuma kusan masunta dubu ne suke shiga cikin kogin tare da kayan kamun kifinsu da tarunsu don kama kifi mafi girma daga cikin Kogin, ana harbaba bindiga ne dokln ba masunta damar shiga cikin kogin. Bikin na shekara-shekara baya ga bikin kamun kifi kuma yana kunshe da abubuwan kade-kade, al'adu, da na wasanni. Wannan wata shahararriyar gasar kamun kifi ce da aka saba gudanarwa duk shekara a jihar Kebbi, kuma wurin yawon bude ido ne inda dukkan masunta ke fara farautar kamun kifi na awa daya. Kogin Matan Fada shi ne wurin da za a gudanar da gasar kuma yana a garin Argungu, wanda shi ne babban birnin masarautar Argungu, kuma ba wai kawai zai zama wurin shakatawa ba ne a lokacin bikin kamun kifi na Argungu, har ma a matsayin al'adun gargajiya na mutanen Kabawa da ke da dimbin tarihi. su ne manyan kabilun da ke zaune a masarautar Argungu. Babu wani hani ga dukbwanda zai iya shiga gasar, 'Yan kallo suna da yawa sosai wanda ya haifar da habakar tattalin arzikin jama'a sakamakon fa'idar kasuwanci da ke da alaka da bikin. [[File:Black pickup truck in birnin kebbi.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kebbi]] Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihohi hudu (4), sune: [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]], [[Zamfara]] da kuma jihar [[Nijar (jiha)|Niger]]. [[File:Kebbi State Nigeria.png|thumb|Taswirar Jihar Kebbi]] [[File:ALMAJIRI children at Kebbi State Nigeria 2.jpg|thumb|Makarantar allo a kebbi]] <ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Kebbi-state-Nigeria</ref> ===Kananan Hukumomi=== Jihar Kebbi na da kananan hukumomi guda ashirin da daya (21), da masarautu hudu, su ne; ([[Masarautar Gwandu]], [[MasarautarArgungun]], [[Masarautar Yauri]] da [[Masarautar Zuru]]), tana kuma da gundumomi (35). Kananan hukumomin su ne: * [[Aleiro]] * [[Arewa Dandi]] * [[Argungu]] * [[Augie]] * [[Bagudo]] * [[Birnin Kebbi]] * [[Bunza]] * [[Dandi, Nigeria|Dandi]] * [[Fakai]] * [[Gwandu]] * [[Jega, Nigeria|Jega]] * [[Kalgo]] * [[Koko/Besse]] * [[Maiyama]] * [[Ngaski]] * [[Sakaba]] * [[Shanga, Nigeria|Shanga]] * [[Suru, Nigeria|Suru]] * [[Danko/Wasagu]] * [[Yauri, Nigeria|Yauri]] * [[Zuru]] == Manazarta == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kebbi}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 751z70qv9kyj96fv7iovixyl4wdi5ud 863259 863257 2026-06-21T15:27:57Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Kebbi stadium car park.jpg|thumb|Garejin motoci a Kebbi]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar kebbi]] [[File:Community group meeting Kebbi State - Nigeria June 2015 (18863735256).jpg|thumb|Mutanen jihar kebbi]] [[File:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb|Seal of kebbi state]] [[File:Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618205222/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Village settlers crossing a river on boat in Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Kogin kebbi]] '''Jihar Kebbi''' jiha ce dake a ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fadin kasa kimanin kilomita murabba’i 36,800 da yawan jama’a milyan Uku da dubu ɗari shida da talatin da ɗari takwas da talatin da ɗaya (jimillar 2005). An samar da jihar [[Kebbi]] ne daga Jihar Sakkwato a ranar 27 ga Agustan shekarar 1991 a lokacin mulkin [[Janar Ibrahim Babangida]]. Babban Birnin Jihar shi ne [[Birnin Kebbi]]. Jihar Kebbi ta kasu zuwa ƙananan hukumomi 21, da masarautu hudu (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri da Zuru), da gundumomi 35<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref>. Jihar Kebbi ta samo sunan ta ne daga karni na 14" MULKIN KEBBI" wanda ya kasance lardin tsohuwar daular Songhai. Musulunci shine addini mafi rinjaye. Jihar tana Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya, jihar Kebbi tana da faɗin murabba'in kilomita 36,800. Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihar Sokoto a bangaren arewa maso gabas, jihar Zamfara daga gabas, jihar Neja ta bangaren yamma sannan kudu da jamhuriyar Nijar a ɓangaren yamma.<ref>Ojo, Demola. "Family of Elephants Make Kebbi Their Home". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>Okpanachi, Eyene (2011). "Between Conflict and Compromise: Lessons on Sharia and Pluralism from Nigeria Kaduna and Kebbi States". Emory International Review. 25 (2): 900.</ref><ref>George Steinmetz (1999). State/culture: state-formation after the cultural turn. Cornell University Press. p. 231. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8014-8533-9</nowiki>. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref> ===TATTALIN ARZIKI=== [[Fayil:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb]] Jihar Kebbi tana da wuraren da ake amfani da shi wajen noma tun da yake tana da arzikin kasa mai yawa, filayen gonaki masu yawa da kuma rafuka masu bunkasa fannin tattalin arziki da ke samar da yanayi mai kyau. Bisa wadannan dalilai, noma ya kasance babbar hanyar samun kudaden shiga a jihar, kuma shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin jihar. Manyan kayan abinci da ake nomawa a yankin sun hada da gero, Dawa, masara, rogo, dankalin turawa, shinkafa, wake, albasa da kayan lambu, sannan kuma ana samar da kayan amfanin gona da suka hada da alkama, waken soya, ginger, rake, gyada a jihar.<ref>"U.S. Ambassador Joins Kebbi Governor to Launch New Partnership with WACOT Rice to Improve Food Security". USAID. 20 May 2021. Archived from the original on 20 May 2022. Retrieved 25 December 2021</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021</ref> Hakazalika, ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa irin su mangwaro, kashu, Goba, da Gwanda a karkashin aikin gona. Jihar Kebbi tana da Hukumar Bunkasa Aikin Gona ta Kebbi wadda ke da alhakin aiwatar da manufofinta na noma. Jihar Kebbi tana da rafukan dasuke taimakawa wajen inganta tattalin arzikintav irin su Neja da Rima domin bunkasa ayyukan kamun kifi. Kamun kifi ya kasance daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan mazauna jihar. Har ila yau jihar ta shahara a bangaren kiwon dabbobi sun sanya jihar ta zama tushen albarkatun kasa<ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>Holden, J. J. (1965). "The Zabarima Conquest of North-West Ghana Part I". Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana. 8: 60–86. ISSN 0855-3246. JSTOR 41403569.</ref> ===MA'ADANAN KASA=== Ma'adinai a jihar sun hada da farar kasa, gishiri, yumbu da gypsum. ===BIKIN KAMUN KIFI=== Wannan dai na daya daga cikin bukukuwan da suka fi shahara a nahiyar Afirka kuma ana gudanar da shi a duk shekara a a garin Argungu, jihar Kebbi ta Najeriya. Daya daga cikin bukukuwan sana’o’i shi ne bikin kamun kifi da al’adu na Argungu. An fara gudanar da bikin Argungu a matsayin babban biki a shekarar 1934, inda aka shirya shi domin tunawa da ziyarar Sarkin Musulmi, [[Malam Hassan Dan Muazu]] a garin Argungu. Har ya zuwa yanzu, taron na masunta na Gudana duk Shekara inda dubban mutane ke taruwa domin Aiwatar da bikin wasan kamun kifin. Bikin kamun kifinl na Argungu hanya ce ta rayuwa ga al’ummar jihar Kebbi. Bikin yana kiyaye al'ada kuma yana inganta ta. Bikin na shekara-shekara yana faruwa ne al watan Fabrairu kuma yana nuna karshen lokacin noma da kuma lokacin kamun kifi. Bikin kamun kifi na Argungu na shekara-shekara ne da ke jan hankalin jama'a daga ko'ina cikin Najeriya da wajen kuma taron al'adu ne na kwanaki hudu da ke zuwa tare da bikin kamun kifi a kogin Matan Fada inda duk wani mai kamun kifi da ya kama kifi mafi girma yana samun lada. Ana ba masuntan sa'a guda ne kawai don su su kamo mafi girman kifia wannan lokacin, kuma kusan masunta dubu ne suke shiga cikin kogin tare da kayan kamun kifinsu da tarunsu don kama kifi mafi girma daga cikin Kogin, ana harbaba bindiga ne dokln ba masunta damar shiga cikin kogin. Bikin na shekara-shekara baya ga bikin kamun kifi kuma yana kunshe da abubuwan kade-kade, al'adu, da na wasanni. Wannan wata shahararriyar gasar kamun kifi ce da aka saba gudanarwa duk shekara a jihar Kebbi, kuma wurin yawon bude ido ne inda dukkan masunta ke fara farautar kamun kifi na awa daya. Kogin Matan Fada shi ne wurin da za a gudanar da gasar kuma yana a garin Argungu, wanda shi ne babban birnin masarautar Argungu, kuma ba wai kawai zai zama wurin shakatawa ba ne a lokacin bikin kamun kifi na Argungu, har ma a matsayin al'adun gargajiya na mutanen Kabawa da ke da dimbin tarihi. su ne manyan kabilun da ke zaune a masarautar Argungu. Babu wani hani ga dukbwanda zai iya shiga gasar, 'Yan kallo suna da yawa sosai wanda ya haifar da habakar tattalin arzikin jama'a sakamakon fa'idar kasuwanci da ke da alaka da bikin. [[File:Black pickup truck in birnin kebbi.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kebbi]] Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihohi hudu (4), sune: [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]], [[Zamfara]] da kuma jihar [[Nijar (jiha)|Niger]]. [[File:Kebbi State Nigeria.png|thumb|Taswirar Jihar Kebbi]] [[File:ALMAJIRI children at Kebbi State Nigeria 2.jpg|thumb|Makarantar allo a kebbi]] <ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Kebbi-state-Nigeria</ref> ===Kananan Hukumomi=== Jihar Kebbi na da kananan hukumomi guda ashirin da daya (21), da masarautu hudu, su ne; ([[Masarautar Gwandu]], [[MasarautarArgungun]], [[Masarautar Yauri]] da [[Masarautar Zuru]]), tana kuma da gundumomi (35). Kananan hukumomin su ne: * [[Aleiro]] * [[Arewa Dandi]] * [[Argungu]] * [[Augie]] * [[Bagudo]] * [[Birnin Kebbi]] * [[Bunza]] * [[Dandi, Nigeria|Dandi]] * [[Fakai]] * [[Gwandu]] * [[Jega, Nigeria|Jega]] * [[Kalgo]] * [[Koko/Besse]] * [[Maiyama]] * [[Ngaski]] * [[Sakaba]] * [[Shanga, Nigeria|Shanga]] * [[Suru, Nigeria|Suru]] * [[Danko/Wasagu]] * [[Yauri, Nigeria|Yauri]] * [[Zuru]] == Manazarta == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kebbi}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] n462naha3mhe58hqpisjw5x2kwwynd8 863261 863259 2026-06-21T15:28:40Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863261 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Kebbi stadium car park.jpg|thumb|Garejin motoci a Kebbi]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar kebbi]] [[File:Community group meeting Kebbi State - Nigeria June 2015 (18863735256).jpg|thumb|Mutanen jihar kebbi]] [[File:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb|Seal of kebbi state]] [[File:Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Floods in Kebbi State, Nigeria]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618205222/https://www.kebbistate.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Village settlers crossing a river on boat in Kebbi.jpg|thumb|Kogin kebbi]] '''Jihar Kebbi''' jiha ce dake a ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan fadin kasa kimanin kilomita murabba’i 36,800 da yawan jama’a milyan Uku da dubu ɗari shida da talatin da ɗari takwas da talatin da ɗaya (jimillar 2005). An samar da jihar [[Kebbi]] ne daga Jihar Sakkwato a ranar 27 ga Agustan shekarar 1991 a lokacin mulkin [[Janar Ibrahim Babangida]]. Babban Birnin Jihar shi ne [[Birnin Kebbi]]. Jihar Kebbi ta kasu zuwa ƙananan hukumomi 21, da masarautu hudu (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri da Zuru), da gundumomi 35<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref>. Jihar Kebbi ta samo sunan ta ne daga karni na 14" MULKIN KEBBI" wanda ya kasance lardin tsohuwar daular Songhai. Musulunci shine addini mafi rinjaye. Jihar tana Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya, jihar Kebbi tana da faɗin murabba'in kilomita 36,800. Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihar Sokoto a bangaren arewa maso gabas, jihar Zamfara daga gabas, jihar Neja ta bangaren yamma sannan kudu da jamhuriyar Nijar a ɓangaren yamma.<ref>Ojo, Demola. "Family of Elephants Make Kebbi Their Home". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>Okpanachi, Eyene (2011). "Between Conflict and Compromise: Lessons on Sharia and Pluralism from Nigeria Kaduna and Kebbi States". Emory International Review. 25 (2): 900.</ref><ref>George Steinmetz (1999). State/culture: state-formation after the cultural turn. Cornell University Press. p. 231. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8014-8533-9</nowiki>. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref> ===TATTALIN ARZIKI=== [[Fayil:Seal of Kebbi State.png|thumb]] Jihar Kebbi tana da wuraren da ake amfani da shi wajen noma tun da yake tana da arzikin kasa mai yawa, filayen gonaki masu yawa da kuma rafuka masu bunkasa fannin tattalin arziki da ke samar da yanayi mai kyau. Bisa wadannan dalilai, noma ya kasance babbar hanyar samun kudaden shiga a jihar, kuma shi ne kashin bayan tattalin arzikin jihar. Manyan kayan abinci da ake nomawa a yankin sun hada da gero, Dawa, masara, rogo, dankalin turawa, shinkafa, wake, albasa da kayan lambu, sannan kuma ana samar da kayan amfanin gona da suka hada da alkama, waken soya, ginger, rake, gyada a jihar.<ref>"U.S. Ambassador Joins Kebbi Governor to Launch New Partnership with WACOT Rice to Improve Food Security". USAID. 20 May 2021. Archived from the original on 20 May 2022. Retrieved 25 December 2021</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021</ref> Hakazalika, ana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa irin su mangwaro, kashu, Goba, da Gwanda a karkashin aikin gona. Jihar Kebbi tana da Hukumar Bunkasa Aikin Gona ta Kebbi wadda ke da alhakin aiwatar da manufofinta na noma. Jihar Kebbi tana da rafukan dasuke taimakawa wajen inganta tattalin arzikintav irin su Neja da Rima domin bunkasa ayyukan kamun kifi. Kamun kifi ya kasance daya daga cikin muhimman ayyukan mazauna jihar. Har ila yau jihar ta shahara a bangaren kiwon dabbobi sun sanya jihar ta zama tushen albarkatun kasa<ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>Holden, J. J. (1965). "The Zabarima Conquest of North-West Ghana Part I". Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana. 8: 60–86. ISSN 0855-3246. JSTOR 41403569.</ref> ===MA'ADANAN KASA=== Ma'adinai a jihar sun hada da farar kasa, gishiri, yumbu da gypsum.<ref>"African Books Collective: The History of the Zuru Emirate". www.africanbookscollective.com. Retrieved 16 January 2025</ref> ===BIKIN KAMUN KIFI=== Wannan dai na daya daga cikin bukukuwan da suka fi shahara a nahiyar Afirka kuma ana gudanar da shi a duk shekara a a garin Argungu, jihar Kebbi ta Najeriya. Daya daga cikin bukukuwan sana’o’i shi ne bikin kamun kifi da al’adu na Argungu. An fara gudanar da bikin Argungu a matsayin babban biki a shekarar 1934, inda aka shirya shi domin tunawa da ziyarar Sarkin Musulmi, [[Malam Hassan Dan Muazu]] a garin Argungu. Har ya zuwa yanzu, taron na masunta na Gudana duk Shekara inda dubban mutane ke taruwa domin Aiwatar da bikin wasan kamun kifin. Bikin kamun kifinl na Argungu hanya ce ta rayuwa ga al’ummar jihar Kebbi. Bikin yana kiyaye al'ada kuma yana inganta ta. Bikin na shekara-shekara yana faruwa ne al watan Fabrairu kuma yana nuna karshen lokacin noma da kuma lokacin kamun kifi. Bikin kamun kifi na Argungu na shekara-shekara ne da ke jan hankalin jama'a daga ko'ina cikin Najeriya da wajen kuma taron al'adu ne na kwanaki hudu da ke zuwa tare da bikin kamun kifi a kogin Matan Fada inda duk wani mai kamun kifi da ya kama kifi mafi girma yana samun lada. Ana ba masuntan sa'a guda ne kawai don su su kamo mafi girman kifia wannan lokacin, kuma kusan masunta dubu ne suke shiga cikin kogin tare da kayan kamun kifinsu da tarunsu don kama kifi mafi girma daga cikin Kogin, ana harbaba bindiga ne dokln ba masunta damar shiga cikin kogin. Bikin na shekara-shekara baya ga bikin kamun kifi kuma yana kunshe da abubuwan kade-kade, al'adu, da na wasanni. Wannan wata shahararriyar gasar kamun kifi ce da aka saba gudanarwa duk shekara a jihar Kebbi, kuma wurin yawon bude ido ne inda dukkan masunta ke fara farautar kamun kifi na awa daya. Kogin Matan Fada shi ne wurin da za a gudanar da gasar kuma yana a garin Argungu, wanda shi ne babban birnin masarautar Argungu, kuma ba wai kawai zai zama wurin shakatawa ba ne a lokacin bikin kamun kifi na Argungu, har ma a matsayin al'adun gargajiya na mutanen Kabawa da ke da dimbin tarihi. su ne manyan kabilun da ke zaune a masarautar Argungu. Babu wani hani ga dukbwanda zai iya shiga gasar, 'Yan kallo suna da yawa sosai wanda ya haifar da habakar tattalin arzikin jama'a sakamakon fa'idar kasuwanci da ke da alaka da bikin. [[File:Black pickup truck in birnin kebbi.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kebbi]] Jihar Kebbi tana da iyaka da jihohi hudu (4), sune: [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]], [[Zamfara]] da kuma jihar [[Nijar (jiha)|Niger]]. [[File:Kebbi State Nigeria.png|thumb|Taswirar Jihar Kebbi]] [[File:ALMAJIRI children at Kebbi State Nigeria 2.jpg|thumb|Makarantar allo a kebbi]] <ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Kebbi-state-Nigeria</ref> ===Kananan Hukumomi=== Jihar Kebbi na da kananan hukumomi guda ashirin da daya (21), da masarautu hudu, su ne; ([[Masarautar Gwandu]], [[MasarautarArgungun]], [[Masarautar Yauri]] da [[Masarautar Zuru]]), tana kuma da gundumomi (35). Kananan hukumomin su ne: * [[Aleiro]] * [[Arewa Dandi]] * [[Argungu]] * [[Augie]] * [[Bagudo]] * [[Birnin Kebbi]] * [[Bunza]] * [[Dandi, Nigeria|Dandi]] * [[Fakai]] * [[Gwandu]] * [[Jega, Nigeria|Jega]] * [[Kalgo]] * [[Koko/Besse]] * [[Maiyama]] * [[Ngaski]] * [[Sakaba]] * [[Shanga, Nigeria|Shanga]] * [[Suru, Nigeria|Suru]] * [[Danko/Wasagu]] * [[Yauri, Nigeria|Yauri]] * [[Zuru]] == Manazarta == {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kebbi}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] saamunewtxas5ze2yj4b3bhngzd19tf 0 6647 863216 709468 2026-06-21T15:13:09Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 "National Results: Population by State and Sex" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2022 863216 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Nigerian number plate Nasarawa.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar Nasarawa]] [[File:Seal of Nasarawa State.svg|thumb|logon hoton jihar Nasarawa]] [[File:Engineer AA Sule.jpg|thumb|A Sule Gwamnan jihar nasarawa]] [[File:Nasarawa state university main gate.gif|thumb|babban gate na jami'ar jaha ]] [[File:Lighthouse and mascot, Nasarawa 2017.jpg|thumb|Lighthouse and mascot nasarawa 2017]] [[File:Tree of thorns, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|tree of thorns nasarawa state Nigeria ]] [[Fayil:Nasarawa state contingent 3.jpg|thumb|nasarawa lafiya]] '''Jihar Nasarawa:''' jiha ce dake, a Arewa ta tsakiyar ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan filaye kimanin kilomita murabba’in 27,117 da yawan jama’a miliyan ɗaya da dubu ɗari takwas da sittin da tara da ɗari uku da saba'in da bakwai (ƙidayar shekara ta 2006). Babban birnin tarayyar jihar shine [[Lafia]]. [[Abdullahi Sule]], shine gwamnan jihar tun zaɓen shekara ta 2011, har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shine [[Emmanuel Akabe]]. Dattijai a jihar sun haɗa: [[Philip Aruwa Gyunka]], [[Abdullahi Adamu]] da [[Suleman Asonya Adokwe]]. [[File:Dualization of Abuja - Keffi Road.jpg|thumb|Hanyar iyakar abuja da kuma keffi nasarawa state]] Jihar Nasarawa tana da iyaka da jihohi huɗu: [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]], [[Kogi]], [[Taraba]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] da [[Abuja]]. [[Fayil:Karshi Waterfall. Nasarawa State. Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Karachi waterfall Nasarawa state]] ==Ƙananan hukumomi== == Jihar Nasarawa nada adadin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|ƙananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha uku (13),ga kowanensu tare da kuma adadin yawan Mutanen dake a Ƙaramar hukumar. (Ƙidayar ahekara ta 2006)<ref name="nigerianstat-pop">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090115000000*/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf 2006 Population Census], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from [http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704042011/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf |date=2007-07-04 }} on 2009-03-25.</ref>: == {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shiyar Sanata ta Yamma a Nasarawa !! 716,802 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Arewa a Nasarawa !! 335,453 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Kudu a Nasarawa !! 811,020 |- | [[Karu, Jihar Nasarawa|Karu]] || 205,477 || || [[Akwanga]] || 113,430 || || [[Awe, Nigeria|Awe]] || 112,574 |- | [[Keffi]] || 92,664 || || [[Nasarawa Egon]] || 149,129 || || [[Doma]] || 139,607 |- | [[Kokona]] || 109,749 || || [[Wamba, Nigeria|Wamba]] || 72,894 || || [[Keana]] || 79,253 |- | [[Nasarawa (Jihar Nasarawa)|Nasarawa]] || 189,835 || || || || || [[Lafia]] || 330,712 |- | [[Toto, Nigeria|Toto]] || 119,077 || || || || || [[Obi, Jihar Nasarawa|Obi]] || 148,874 |} == Labarin Yanayi == === Yanayi === Nasarawa tana da yanayi mai zafi mai zafi da savanna. Yanayin zafin birnin na shekara shine 29.39°C (84.9°F) kuma ya kan yi ƙasa da -0.07% idan aka kwatanta da na Najeriya. Nassarawa na samun hazo kusan milimita 136.71 (inci 5.38) kuma tana da kwanaki 155.37 na ruwan sama (42.57% na lokacin) kowace shekara. A jihar Nasarawa, lokacin rani yana da danshi kuma wani bangare na gajimare, kuma ana yin zafi duk shekara. Lokacin damina yana da tsauri da yawa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara yana daga 63 zuwa 95 digiri Fahrenheit, da wuya yana faɗuwa ƙasa da 57 ko sama da 101.<ref>"National Results: Population by State and Sex" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2022</ref> Daga ranar 29 ga watan Janairu zuwa 14 ga watan Afrilu, lokacin zafi, tare dkuma a matsakaita yawan zafin rana da ya wuce 93°F, yana ɗaukar watanni 2.5. Watan da ya fi zafi a jihar Nasarawa a duk shekara shi ne Maris, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kai 95°F, kuma mafi karancin zafin jiki ya kai 74°F. Lokacin sanyi na watanni 3.7, wanda ke gudana daga Yunin shekarar 22 zuwa 13 ga watan Oktoba, yana da matsakaicin zafin rana na ƙasa da 85°F. Nasarawa ta fuskanci wata mafi sanyi a cikin shekara a cikin Disamba, tare da matsakaicin yanayin ƙasa na 64 ° F da mafi girma 89 ° F. == Ma'adanai == Ma'adanai a jihar basarawa sun haɗa da;<ref>https://nigerianembassythehague.nl/about-nigeria/natural-resources/</ref> * Ma'adanin Baryte * Ma'adanin Bauxite * Ma'adanin Coal * Ma'adanin Dolomite * Ma'adanin Sapphire * Ma'adanin Talc * Ma'adanin Quartz * Ma'adanin Tantalite * Ma'adanin Tourmaline * Ma'adanin Mica * Ma'adanin Iron == Ilimi == [[Fayil:Welcome to Nasarawa, Nasarawa State 2.jpg|thumb|welcome to nasarawa]] Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa makartun masu yawa , waɗanda suka hada da kamarantun primare, sakandare dakuma makarantun gaba da sakandare: ===Makaratn gaba da Sakandare=== * [[College of Education, Akwanga|College of Education Akwanga]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2021-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027184339/https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya, Nasarawa|Federal polytechnic Nasarawa]]<ref>https://myschool.ng/classroom/institution-courses/federal-polytechnic-nasarawa</ref> * College of Agriculture Lafiya * Nasarawa State University <ref>https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/fulafia-courses/</ref> * Federal Government College == Addini == Mafiya yawan al'umar dake zaune a jihar Nasarawa Musulmai ne<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/nasarawa-school-graduates-7-honours-4-muslims-for-contributions-to-islam/</ref> ko Kuma kiristoci<ref>https://duniyarmuayau.com.ng/2020/12/25/me-ya-faru-da-mabiya-addinin-kirista-a-jihar-nasarawa-shugaban-ƙaramar-hukumar-lafia/{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>, amma akwai kaɗan da suke addinin Mazuganci == Adadin Al'umma == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa adadin mutane 1,869,377 a kididdigar shekara ta 2006, wanda hakan ya bawa jihar zama ta biyu a yawan al'umma bayan jihal [[Bayelsa]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110519235026/http://www.population.gov.ng/files/nationafinal.pdf</ref> == Gwamnati == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] tana gudana a ƙarƙashin gunadar wa ta gwamnan jihar [[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2023-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106131030/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, wanda shike jagoran sauran ayyuka na jihar. Garin na dauke da yan-majalisu, da wasu mukarraban [[gwamnati]] == Wuraren Bude Ido == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] nada wurareb shakatawa da kuma bude ido masu yawa , wasu daga ciki sunhaɗa da * Farin Ruwa Falls a Wamba<ref>http://www.globalpost.com/webblog/nigeria/dreaming-farin-ruwa</ref> * Maloney Hill<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/mission-to-maloney-hill/</ref> [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sunset_on_Maloney_Hill.jpg&oldid=477192385] == Sanannun Mutane == * Imam Sulaiman-Ibrahim Former Director General of NAPTIP<ref>https://newsdiaryonline.com/sulaiman-ibrahim-assumes-office-as-head-refugees-commission/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Abdullahi Amegwa Agbo Osana of Keana<ref>https://www.blueprint.ng/osana-of-keana-five-years-of-impactful-royalty/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Ahmadu Aliyu Ogah Andoma of Doma<ref>https://emporiumreporters.com.ng/tag/hrh-alhaji-ahmadu-aliyu-ogah-onawo/</ref> *Sen. Abdullahi Adamu Natinal Chairman APC<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/519885-profile-of-new-apc-national-chairman-abdullahi-adamu.html</ref> *Suleman Odapu Public Relation Practitioner == Yare/Kabilu == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] bada kabilu ma bam-banta guda 25 , sanannu daga cikinsu sun hada da * Miligi (koro) * Alago * Mada * Gwandara * [[Kanuri]] * [[Hausa]] * [[Fulani]] * [[Gbagyi]] * Rindre * Afo * Eggon<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/135496-nasarawa-massacre-barbarians-on-rampage-by-dele-agekameh.html</ref> * [[Ebira]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nasarawa}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} 8wkgnrr636hl84br6ueoqhswjoq7k2t 863218 863216 2026-06-21T15:13:54Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Nigerian number plate Nasarawa.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar Nasarawa]] [[File:Seal of Nasarawa State.svg|thumb|logon hoton jihar Nasarawa]] [[File:Engineer AA Sule.jpg|thumb|A Sule Gwamnan jihar nasarawa]] [[File:Nasarawa state university main gate.gif|thumb|babban gate na jami'ar jaha ]] [[File:Lighthouse and mascot, Nasarawa 2017.jpg|thumb|Lighthouse and mascot nasarawa 2017]] [[File:Tree of thorns, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|tree of thorns nasarawa state Nigeria ]] [[Fayil:Nasarawa state contingent 3.jpg|thumb|nasarawa lafiya]] '''Jihar Nasarawa:''' jiha ce dake, a Arewa ta tsakiyar ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan filaye kimanin kilomita murabba’in 27,117 da yawan jama’a miliyan ɗaya da dubu ɗari takwas da sittin da tara da ɗari uku da saba'in da bakwai (ƙidayar shekara ta 2006). Babban birnin tarayyar jihar shine [[Lafia]]. [[Abdullahi Sule]], shine gwamnan jihar tun zaɓen shekara ta 2011, har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shine [[Emmanuel Akabe]]. Dattijai a jihar sun haɗa: [[Philip Aruwa Gyunka]], [[Abdullahi Adamu]] da [[Suleman Asonya Adokwe]]. [[File:Dualization of Abuja - Keffi Road.jpg|thumb|Hanyar iyakar abuja da kuma keffi nasarawa state]] Jihar Nasarawa tana da iyaka da jihohi huɗu: [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]], [[Kogi]], [[Taraba]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] da [[Abuja]]. [[Fayil:Karshi Waterfall. Nasarawa State. Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Karachi waterfall Nasarawa state]] ==Ƙananan hukumomi== == Jihar Nasarawa nada adadin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|ƙananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha uku (13),ga kowanensu tare da kuma adadin yawan Mutanen dake a Ƙaramar hukumar. (Ƙidayar ahekara ta 2006)<ref name="nigerianstat-pop">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090115000000*/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf 2006 Population Census], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from [http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704042011/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf |date=2007-07-04 }} on 2009-03-25.</ref>: == {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shiyar Sanata ta Yamma a Nasarawa !! 716,802 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Arewa a Nasarawa !! 335,453 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Kudu a Nasarawa !! 811,020 |- | [[Karu, Jihar Nasarawa|Karu]] || 205,477 || || [[Akwanga]] || 113,430 || || [[Awe, Nigeria|Awe]] || 112,574 |- | [[Keffi]] || 92,664 || || [[Nasarawa Egon]] || 149,129 || || [[Doma]] || 139,607 |- | [[Kokona]] || 109,749 || || [[Wamba, Nigeria|Wamba]] || 72,894 || || [[Keana]] || 79,253 |- | [[Nasarawa (Jihar Nasarawa)|Nasarawa]] || 189,835 || || || || || [[Lafia]] || 330,712 |- | [[Toto, Nigeria|Toto]] || 119,077 || || || || || [[Obi, Jihar Nasarawa|Obi]] || 148,874 |} == Labarin Yanayi == === Yanayi === Nasarawa tana da yanayi mai zafi mai zafi da savanna. Yanayin zafin birnin na shekara shine 29.39°C (84.9°F) kuma ya kan yi ƙasa da -0.07% idan aka kwatanta da na Najeriya. Nassarawa na samun hazo kusan milimita 136.71 (inci 5.38) kuma tana da kwanaki 155.37 na ruwan sama (42.57% na lokacin) kowace shekara. A jihar Nasarawa, lokacin rani yana da danshi kuma wani bangare na gajimare, kuma ana yin zafi duk shekara. Lokacin damina yana da tsauri da yawa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara yana daga 63 zuwa 95 digiri Fahrenheit, da wuya yana faɗuwa ƙasa da 57 ko sama da 101.<ref>"National Results: Population by State and Sex" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2022</ref><ref>"Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Nasarawa". meteoblue. Retrieved 23 September 2023</ref> Daga ranar 29 ga watan Janairu zuwa 14 ga watan Afrilu, lokacin zafi, tare dkuma a matsakaita yawan zafin rana da ya wuce 93°F, yana ɗaukar watanni 2.5. Watan da ya fi zafi a jihar Nasarawa a duk shekara shi ne Maris, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kai 95°F, kuma mafi karancin zafin jiki ya kai 74°F. Lokacin sanyi na watanni 3.7, wanda ke gudana daga Yunin shekarar 22 zuwa 13 ga watan Oktoba, yana da matsakaicin zafin rana na ƙasa da 85°F. Nasarawa ta fuskanci wata mafi sanyi a cikin shekara a cikin Disamba, tare da matsakaicin yanayin ƙasa na 64 ° F da mafi girma 89 ° F. == Ma'adanai == Ma'adanai a jihar basarawa sun haɗa da;<ref>https://nigerianembassythehague.nl/about-nigeria/natural-resources/</ref> * Ma'adanin Baryte * Ma'adanin Bauxite * Ma'adanin Coal * Ma'adanin Dolomite * Ma'adanin Sapphire * Ma'adanin Talc * Ma'adanin Quartz * Ma'adanin Tantalite * Ma'adanin Tourmaline * Ma'adanin Mica * Ma'adanin Iron == Ilimi == [[Fayil:Welcome to Nasarawa, Nasarawa State 2.jpg|thumb|welcome to nasarawa]] Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa makartun masu yawa , waɗanda suka hada da kamarantun primare, sakandare dakuma makarantun gaba da sakandare: ===Makaratn gaba da Sakandare=== * [[College of Education, Akwanga|College of Education Akwanga]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2021-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027184339/https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya, Nasarawa|Federal polytechnic Nasarawa]]<ref>https://myschool.ng/classroom/institution-courses/federal-polytechnic-nasarawa</ref> * College of Agriculture Lafiya * Nasarawa State University <ref>https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/fulafia-courses/</ref> * Federal Government College == Addini == Mafiya yawan al'umar dake zaune a jihar Nasarawa Musulmai ne<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/nasarawa-school-graduates-7-honours-4-muslims-for-contributions-to-islam/</ref> ko Kuma kiristoci<ref>https://duniyarmuayau.com.ng/2020/12/25/me-ya-faru-da-mabiya-addinin-kirista-a-jihar-nasarawa-shugaban-ƙaramar-hukumar-lafia/{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>, amma akwai kaɗan da suke addinin Mazuganci == Adadin Al'umma == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa adadin mutane 1,869,377 a kididdigar shekara ta 2006, wanda hakan ya bawa jihar zama ta biyu a yawan al'umma bayan jihal [[Bayelsa]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110519235026/http://www.population.gov.ng/files/nationafinal.pdf</ref> == Gwamnati == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] tana gudana a ƙarƙashin gunadar wa ta gwamnan jihar [[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2023-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106131030/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, wanda shike jagoran sauran ayyuka na jihar. Garin na dauke da yan-majalisu, da wasu mukarraban [[gwamnati]] == Wuraren Bude Ido == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] nada wurareb shakatawa da kuma bude ido masu yawa , wasu daga ciki sunhaɗa da * Farin Ruwa Falls a Wamba<ref>http://www.globalpost.com/webblog/nigeria/dreaming-farin-ruwa</ref> * Maloney Hill<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/mission-to-maloney-hill/</ref> [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sunset_on_Maloney_Hill.jpg&oldid=477192385] == Sanannun Mutane == * Imam Sulaiman-Ibrahim Former Director General of NAPTIP<ref>https://newsdiaryonline.com/sulaiman-ibrahim-assumes-office-as-head-refugees-commission/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Abdullahi Amegwa Agbo Osana of Keana<ref>https://www.blueprint.ng/osana-of-keana-five-years-of-impactful-royalty/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Ahmadu Aliyu Ogah Andoma of Doma<ref>https://emporiumreporters.com.ng/tag/hrh-alhaji-ahmadu-aliyu-ogah-onawo/</ref> *Sen. Abdullahi Adamu Natinal Chairman APC<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/519885-profile-of-new-apc-national-chairman-abdullahi-adamu.html</ref> *Suleman Odapu Public Relation Practitioner == Yare/Kabilu == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] bada kabilu ma bam-banta guda 25 , sanannu daga cikinsu sun hada da * Miligi (koro) * Alago * Mada * Gwandara * [[Kanuri]] * [[Hausa]] * [[Fulani]] * [[Gbagyi]] * Rindre * Afo * Eggon<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/135496-nasarawa-massacre-barbarians-on-rampage-by-dele-agekameh.html</ref> * [[Ebira]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nasarawa}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} e3qw954prv8pvhtu9meex4ibm69m3uv 863221 863218 2026-06-21T15:14:32Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863221 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Nigerian number plate Nasarawa.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar Nasarawa]] [[File:Seal of Nasarawa State.svg|thumb|logon hoton jihar Nasarawa]] [[File:Engineer AA Sule.jpg|thumb|A Sule Gwamnan jihar nasarawa]] [[File:Nasarawa state university main gate.gif|thumb|babban gate na jami'ar jaha ]] [[File:Lighthouse and mascot, Nasarawa 2017.jpg|thumb|Lighthouse and mascot nasarawa 2017]] [[File:Tree of thorns, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|tree of thorns nasarawa state Nigeria ]] [[Fayil:Nasarawa state contingent 3.jpg|thumb|nasarawa lafiya]] '''Jihar Nasarawa:''' jiha ce dake, a Arewa ta tsakiyar ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan filaye kimanin kilomita murabba’in 27,117 da yawan jama’a miliyan ɗaya da dubu ɗari takwas da sittin da tara da ɗari uku da saba'in da bakwai (ƙidayar shekara ta 2006). Babban birnin tarayyar jihar shine [[Lafia]]. [[Abdullahi Sule]], shine gwamnan jihar tun zaɓen shekara ta 2011, har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shine [[Emmanuel Akabe]]. Dattijai a jihar sun haɗa: [[Philip Aruwa Gyunka]], [[Abdullahi Adamu]] da [[Suleman Asonya Adokwe]]. [[File:Dualization of Abuja - Keffi Road.jpg|thumb|Hanyar iyakar abuja da kuma keffi nasarawa state]] Jihar Nasarawa tana da iyaka da jihohi huɗu: [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]], [[Kogi]], [[Taraba]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] da [[Abuja]]. [[Fayil:Karshi Waterfall. Nasarawa State. Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Karachi waterfall Nasarawa state]] ==Ƙananan hukumomi== == Jihar Nasarawa nada adadin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|ƙananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha uku (13),ga kowanensu tare da kuma adadin yawan Mutanen dake a Ƙaramar hukumar. (Ƙidayar ahekara ta 2006)<ref name="nigerianstat-pop">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090115000000*/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf 2006 Population Census], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from [http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704042011/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf |date=2007-07-04 }} on 2009-03-25.</ref>: == {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shiyar Sanata ta Yamma a Nasarawa !! 716,802 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Arewa a Nasarawa !! 335,453 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Kudu a Nasarawa !! 811,020 |- | [[Karu, Jihar Nasarawa|Karu]] || 205,477 || || [[Akwanga]] || 113,430 || || [[Awe, Nigeria|Awe]] || 112,574 |- | [[Keffi]] || 92,664 || || [[Nasarawa Egon]] || 149,129 || || [[Doma]] || 139,607 |- | [[Kokona]] || 109,749 || || [[Wamba, Nigeria|Wamba]] || 72,894 || || [[Keana]] || 79,253 |- | [[Nasarawa (Jihar Nasarawa)|Nasarawa]] || 189,835 || || || || || [[Lafia]] || 330,712 |- | [[Toto, Nigeria|Toto]] || 119,077 || || || || || [[Obi, Jihar Nasarawa|Obi]] || 148,874 |} == Labarin Yanayi == === Yanayi === Nasarawa tana da yanayi mai zafi mai zafi da savanna. Yanayin zafin birnin na shekara shine 29.39°C (84.9°F) kuma ya kan yi ƙasa da -0.07% idan aka kwatanta da na Najeriya. Nassarawa na samun hazo kusan milimita 136.71 (inci 5.38) kuma tana da kwanaki 155.37 na ruwan sama (42.57% na lokacin) kowace shekara. A jihar Nasarawa, lokacin rani yana da danshi kuma wani bangare na gajimare, kuma ana yin zafi duk shekara. Lokacin damina yana da tsauri da yawa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara yana daga 63 zuwa 95 digiri Fahrenheit, da wuya yana faɗuwa ƙasa da 57 ko sama da 101.<ref>"National Results: Population by State and Sex" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2022</ref><ref>"Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Nasarawa". meteoblue. Retrieved 23 September 2023</ref><ref>"Nasarawa Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution | IQAir". www.iqair.com. 23 September 2023. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref> Daga ranar 29 ga watan Janairu zuwa 14 ga watan Afrilu, lokacin zafi, tare dkuma a matsakaita yawan zafin rana da ya wuce 93°F, yana ɗaukar watanni 2.5. Watan da ya fi zafi a jihar Nasarawa a duk shekara shi ne Maris, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kai 95°F, kuma mafi karancin zafin jiki ya kai 74°F. Lokacin sanyi na watanni 3.7, wanda ke gudana daga Yunin shekarar 22 zuwa 13 ga watan Oktoba, yana da matsakaicin zafin rana na ƙasa da 85°F. Nasarawa ta fuskanci wata mafi sanyi a cikin shekara a cikin Disamba, tare da matsakaicin yanayin ƙasa na 64 ° F da mafi girma 89 ° F. == Ma'adanai == Ma'adanai a jihar basarawa sun haɗa da;<ref>https://nigerianembassythehague.nl/about-nigeria/natural-resources/</ref> * Ma'adanin Baryte * Ma'adanin Bauxite * Ma'adanin Coal * Ma'adanin Dolomite * Ma'adanin Sapphire * Ma'adanin Talc * Ma'adanin Quartz * Ma'adanin Tantalite * Ma'adanin Tourmaline * Ma'adanin Mica * Ma'adanin Iron == Ilimi == [[Fayil:Welcome to Nasarawa, Nasarawa State 2.jpg|thumb|welcome to nasarawa]] Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa makartun masu yawa , waɗanda suka hada da kamarantun primare, sakandare dakuma makarantun gaba da sakandare: ===Makaratn gaba da Sakandare=== * [[College of Education, Akwanga|College of Education Akwanga]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2021-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027184339/https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya, Nasarawa|Federal polytechnic Nasarawa]]<ref>https://myschool.ng/classroom/institution-courses/federal-polytechnic-nasarawa</ref> * College of Agriculture Lafiya * Nasarawa State University <ref>https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/fulafia-courses/</ref> * Federal Government College == Addini == Mafiya yawan al'umar dake zaune a jihar Nasarawa Musulmai ne<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/nasarawa-school-graduates-7-honours-4-muslims-for-contributions-to-islam/</ref> ko Kuma kiristoci<ref>https://duniyarmuayau.com.ng/2020/12/25/me-ya-faru-da-mabiya-addinin-kirista-a-jihar-nasarawa-shugaban-ƙaramar-hukumar-lafia/{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>, amma akwai kaɗan da suke addinin Mazuganci == Adadin Al'umma == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa adadin mutane 1,869,377 a kididdigar shekara ta 2006, wanda hakan ya bawa jihar zama ta biyu a yawan al'umma bayan jihal [[Bayelsa]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110519235026/http://www.population.gov.ng/files/nationafinal.pdf</ref> == Gwamnati == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] tana gudana a ƙarƙashin gunadar wa ta gwamnan jihar [[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2023-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106131030/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, wanda shike jagoran sauran ayyuka na jihar. Garin na dauke da yan-majalisu, da wasu mukarraban [[gwamnati]] == Wuraren Bude Ido == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] nada wurareb shakatawa da kuma bude ido masu yawa , wasu daga ciki sunhaɗa da * Farin Ruwa Falls a Wamba<ref>http://www.globalpost.com/webblog/nigeria/dreaming-farin-ruwa</ref> * Maloney Hill<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/mission-to-maloney-hill/</ref> [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sunset_on_Maloney_Hill.jpg&oldid=477192385] == Sanannun Mutane == * Imam Sulaiman-Ibrahim Former Director General of NAPTIP<ref>https://newsdiaryonline.com/sulaiman-ibrahim-assumes-office-as-head-refugees-commission/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Abdullahi Amegwa Agbo Osana of Keana<ref>https://www.blueprint.ng/osana-of-keana-five-years-of-impactful-royalty/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Ahmadu Aliyu Ogah Andoma of Doma<ref>https://emporiumreporters.com.ng/tag/hrh-alhaji-ahmadu-aliyu-ogah-onawo/</ref> *Sen. Abdullahi Adamu Natinal Chairman APC<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/519885-profile-of-new-apc-national-chairman-abdullahi-adamu.html</ref> *Suleman Odapu Public Relation Practitioner == Yare/Kabilu == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] bada kabilu ma bam-banta guda 25 , sanannu daga cikinsu sun hada da * Miligi (koro) * Alago * Mada * Gwandara * [[Kanuri]] * [[Hausa]] * [[Fulani]] * [[Gbagyi]] * Rindre * Afo * Eggon<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/135496-nasarawa-massacre-barbarians-on-rampage-by-dele-agekameh.html</ref> * [[Ebira]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nasarawa}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} 1bvwy8rjlxoohurhg2vffsuqupb39ki 863225 863221 2026-06-21T15:15:17Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863225 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Nigerian number plate Nasarawa.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar Nasarawa]] [[File:Seal of Nasarawa State.svg|thumb|logon hoton jihar Nasarawa]] [[File:Engineer AA Sule.jpg|thumb|A Sule Gwamnan jihar nasarawa]] [[File:Nasarawa state university main gate.gif|thumb|babban gate na jami'ar jaha ]] [[File:Lighthouse and mascot, Nasarawa 2017.jpg|thumb|Lighthouse and mascot nasarawa 2017]] [[File:Tree of thorns, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|tree of thorns nasarawa state Nigeria ]] [[Fayil:Nasarawa state contingent 3.jpg|thumb|nasarawa lafiya]] '''Jihar Nasarawa:''' jiha ce dake, a Arewa ta tsakiyar ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan filaye kimanin kilomita murabba’in 27,117 da yawan jama’a miliyan ɗaya da dubu ɗari takwas da sittin da tara da ɗari uku da saba'in da bakwai (ƙidayar shekara ta 2006). Babban birnin tarayyar jihar shine [[Lafia]]. [[Abdullahi Sule]], shine gwamnan jihar tun zaɓen shekara ta 2011, har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shine [[Emmanuel Akabe]]. Dattijai a jihar sun haɗa: [[Philip Aruwa Gyunka]], [[Abdullahi Adamu]] da [[Suleman Asonya Adokwe]]. [[File:Dualization of Abuja - Keffi Road.jpg|thumb|Hanyar iyakar abuja da kuma keffi nasarawa state]] Jihar Nasarawa tana da iyaka da jihohi huɗu: [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]], [[Kogi]], [[Taraba]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] da [[Abuja]]. [[Fayil:Karshi Waterfall. Nasarawa State. Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Karachi waterfall Nasarawa state]] ==Ƙananan hukumomi== == Jihar Nasarawa nada adadin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|ƙananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha uku (13),ga kowanensu tare da kuma adadin yawan Mutanen dake a Ƙaramar hukumar. (Ƙidayar ahekara ta 2006)<ref name="nigerianstat-pop">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090115000000*/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf 2006 Population Census], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from [http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704042011/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf |date=2007-07-04 }} on 2009-03-25.</ref>: == {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shiyar Sanata ta Yamma a Nasarawa !! 716,802 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Arewa a Nasarawa !! 335,453 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Kudu a Nasarawa !! 811,020 |- | [[Karu, Jihar Nasarawa|Karu]] || 205,477 || || [[Akwanga]] || 113,430 || || [[Awe, Nigeria|Awe]] || 112,574 |- | [[Keffi]] || 92,664 || || [[Nasarawa Egon]] || 149,129 || || [[Doma]] || 139,607 |- | [[Kokona]] || 109,749 || || [[Wamba, Nigeria|Wamba]] || 72,894 || || [[Keana]] || 79,253 |- | [[Nasarawa (Jihar Nasarawa)|Nasarawa]] || 189,835 || || || || || [[Lafia]] || 330,712 |- | [[Toto, Nigeria|Toto]] || 119,077 || || || || || [[Obi, Jihar Nasarawa|Obi]] || 148,874 |} == Labarin Yanayi == === Yanayi === Nasarawa tana da yanayi mai zafi mai zafi da savanna. Yanayin zafin birnin na shekara shine 29.39°C (84.9°F) kuma ya kan yi ƙasa da -0.07% idan aka kwatanta da na Najeriya. Nassarawa na samun hazo kusan milimita 136.71 (inci 5.38) kuma tana da kwanaki 155.37 na ruwan sama (42.57% na lokacin) kowace shekara. A jihar Nasarawa, lokacin rani yana da danshi kuma wani bangare na gajimare, kuma ana yin zafi duk shekara. Lokacin damina yana da tsauri da yawa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara yana daga 63 zuwa 95 digiri Fahrenheit, da wuya yana faɗuwa ƙasa da 57 ko sama da 101.<ref>"National Results: Population by State and Sex" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2022</ref><ref>"Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Nasarawa". meteoblue. Retrieved 23 September 2023</ref><ref>"Nasarawa Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution | IQAir". www.iqair.com. 23 September 2023. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref><ref>"Nassarawa Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution | IQAir". www.iqair.com. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref> Daga ranar 29 ga watan Janairu zuwa 14 ga watan Afrilu, lokacin zafi, tare dkuma a matsakaita yawan zafin rana da ya wuce 93°F, yana ɗaukar watanni 2.5. Watan da ya fi zafi a jihar Nasarawa a duk shekara shi ne Maris, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kai 95°F, kuma mafi karancin zafin jiki ya kai 74°F. Lokacin sanyi na watanni 3.7, wanda ke gudana daga Yunin shekarar 22 zuwa 13 ga watan Oktoba, yana da matsakaicin zafin rana na ƙasa da 85°F. Nasarawa ta fuskanci wata mafi sanyi a cikin shekara a cikin Disamba, tare da matsakaicin yanayin ƙasa na 64 ° F da mafi girma 89 ° F. == Ma'adanai == Ma'adanai a jihar basarawa sun haɗa da;<ref>https://nigerianembassythehague.nl/about-nigeria/natural-resources/</ref> * Ma'adanin Baryte * Ma'adanin Bauxite * Ma'adanin Coal * Ma'adanin Dolomite * Ma'adanin Sapphire * Ma'adanin Talc * Ma'adanin Quartz * Ma'adanin Tantalite * Ma'adanin Tourmaline * Ma'adanin Mica * Ma'adanin Iron == Ilimi == [[Fayil:Welcome to Nasarawa, Nasarawa State 2.jpg|thumb|welcome to nasarawa]] Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa makartun masu yawa , waɗanda suka hada da kamarantun primare, sakandare dakuma makarantun gaba da sakandare: ===Makaratn gaba da Sakandare=== * [[College of Education, Akwanga|College of Education Akwanga]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2021-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027184339/https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya, Nasarawa|Federal polytechnic Nasarawa]]<ref>https://myschool.ng/classroom/institution-courses/federal-polytechnic-nasarawa</ref> * College of Agriculture Lafiya * Nasarawa State University <ref>https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/fulafia-courses/</ref> * Federal Government College == Addini == Mafiya yawan al'umar dake zaune a jihar Nasarawa Musulmai ne<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/nasarawa-school-graduates-7-honours-4-muslims-for-contributions-to-islam/</ref> ko Kuma kiristoci<ref>https://duniyarmuayau.com.ng/2020/12/25/me-ya-faru-da-mabiya-addinin-kirista-a-jihar-nasarawa-shugaban-ƙaramar-hukumar-lafia/{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>, amma akwai kaɗan da suke addinin Mazuganci == Adadin Al'umma == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa adadin mutane 1,869,377 a kididdigar shekara ta 2006, wanda hakan ya bawa jihar zama ta biyu a yawan al'umma bayan jihal [[Bayelsa]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110519235026/http://www.population.gov.ng/files/nationafinal.pdf</ref> == Gwamnati == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] tana gudana a ƙarƙashin gunadar wa ta gwamnan jihar [[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2023-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106131030/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, wanda shike jagoran sauran ayyuka na jihar. Garin na dauke da yan-majalisu, da wasu mukarraban [[gwamnati]] == Wuraren Bude Ido == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] nada wurareb shakatawa da kuma bude ido masu yawa , wasu daga ciki sunhaɗa da * Farin Ruwa Falls a Wamba<ref>http://www.globalpost.com/webblog/nigeria/dreaming-farin-ruwa</ref> * Maloney Hill<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/mission-to-maloney-hill/</ref> [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sunset_on_Maloney_Hill.jpg&oldid=477192385] == Sanannun Mutane == * Imam Sulaiman-Ibrahim Former Director General of NAPTIP<ref>https://newsdiaryonline.com/sulaiman-ibrahim-assumes-office-as-head-refugees-commission/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Abdullahi Amegwa Agbo Osana of Keana<ref>https://www.blueprint.ng/osana-of-keana-five-years-of-impactful-royalty/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Ahmadu Aliyu Ogah Andoma of Doma<ref>https://emporiumreporters.com.ng/tag/hrh-alhaji-ahmadu-aliyu-ogah-onawo/</ref> *Sen. Abdullahi Adamu Natinal Chairman APC<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/519885-profile-of-new-apc-national-chairman-abdullahi-adamu.html</ref> *Suleman Odapu Public Relation Practitioner == Yare/Kabilu == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] bada kabilu ma bam-banta guda 25 , sanannu daga cikinsu sun hada da * Miligi (koro) * Alago * Mada * Gwandara * [[Kanuri]] * [[Hausa]] * [[Fulani]] * [[Gbagyi]] * Rindre * Afo * Eggon<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/135496-nasarawa-massacre-barbarians-on-rampage-by-dele-agekameh.html</ref> * [[Ebira]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nasarawa}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} smbmu7pwux0ovtmp6fva44go89qlk79 863228 863225 2026-06-21T15:15:53Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863228 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Nigerian number plate Nasarawa.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar Nasarawa]] [[File:Seal of Nasarawa State.svg|thumb|logon hoton jihar Nasarawa]] [[File:Engineer AA Sule.jpg|thumb|A Sule Gwamnan jihar nasarawa]] [[File:Nasarawa state university main gate.gif|thumb|babban gate na jami'ar jaha ]] [[File:Lighthouse and mascot, Nasarawa 2017.jpg|thumb|Lighthouse and mascot nasarawa 2017]] [[File:Tree of thorns, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|tree of thorns nasarawa state Nigeria ]] [[Fayil:Nasarawa state contingent 3.jpg|thumb|nasarawa lafiya]] '''Jihar Nasarawa:''' jiha ce dake, a Arewa ta tsakiyar ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan filaye kimanin kilomita murabba’in 27,117 da yawan jama’a miliyan ɗaya da dubu ɗari takwas da sittin da tara da ɗari uku da saba'in da bakwai (ƙidayar shekara ta 2006). Babban birnin tarayyar jihar shine [[Lafia]]. [[Abdullahi Sule]], shine gwamnan jihar tun zaɓen shekara ta 2011, har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shine [[Emmanuel Akabe]]. Dattijai a jihar sun haɗa: [[Philip Aruwa Gyunka]], [[Abdullahi Adamu]] da [[Suleman Asonya Adokwe]]. [[File:Dualization of Abuja - Keffi Road.jpg|thumb|Hanyar iyakar abuja da kuma keffi nasarawa state]] Jihar Nasarawa tana da iyaka da jihohi huɗu: [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]], [[Kogi]], [[Taraba]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] da [[Abuja]]. [[Fayil:Karshi Waterfall. Nasarawa State. Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Karachi waterfall Nasarawa state]] ==Ƙananan hukumomi== == Jihar Nasarawa nada adadin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|ƙananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha uku (13),ga kowanensu tare da kuma adadin yawan Mutanen dake a Ƙaramar hukumar. (Ƙidayar ahekara ta 2006)<ref name="nigerianstat-pop">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090115000000*/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf 2006 Population Census], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from [http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704042011/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf |date=2007-07-04 }} on 2009-03-25.</ref>: == {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shiyar Sanata ta Yamma a Nasarawa !! 716,802 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Arewa a Nasarawa !! 335,453 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Kudu a Nasarawa !! 811,020 |- | [[Karu, Jihar Nasarawa|Karu]] || 205,477 || || [[Akwanga]] || 113,430 || || [[Awe, Nigeria|Awe]] || 112,574 |- | [[Keffi]] || 92,664 || || [[Nasarawa Egon]] || 149,129 || || [[Doma]] || 139,607 |- | [[Kokona]] || 109,749 || || [[Wamba, Nigeria|Wamba]] || 72,894 || || [[Keana]] || 79,253 |- | [[Nasarawa (Jihar Nasarawa)|Nasarawa]] || 189,835 || || || || || [[Lafia]] || 330,712 |- | [[Toto, Nigeria|Toto]] || 119,077 || || || || || [[Obi, Jihar Nasarawa|Obi]] || 148,874 |} == Labarin Yanayi == === Yanayi === Nasarawa tana da yanayi mai zafi mai zafi da savanna. Yanayin zafin birnin na shekara shine 29.39°C (84.9°F) kuma ya kan yi ƙasa da -0.07% idan aka kwatanta da na Najeriya. Nassarawa na samun hazo kusan milimita 136.71 (inci 5.38) kuma tana da kwanaki 155.37 na ruwan sama (42.57% na lokacin) kowace shekara. A jihar Nasarawa, lokacin rani yana da danshi kuma wani bangare na gajimare, kuma ana yin zafi duk shekara. Lokacin damina yana da tsauri da yawa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara yana daga 63 zuwa 95 digiri Fahrenheit, da wuya yana faɗuwa ƙasa da 57 ko sama da 101.<ref>"National Results: Population by State and Sex" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2022</ref><ref>"Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Nasarawa". meteoblue. Retrieved 23 September 2023</ref><ref>"Nasarawa Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution | IQAir". www.iqair.com. 23 September 2023. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref><ref>"Nassarawa Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution | IQAir". www.iqair.com. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref><ref>"Air Quality and Pollen in Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria | Tomorrow.io". Tomorrow.io Weather. Retrieved 23 September 2023</ref> Daga ranar 29 ga watan Janairu zuwa 14 ga watan Afrilu, lokacin zafi, tare dkuma a matsakaita yawan zafin rana da ya wuce 93°F, yana ɗaukar watanni 2.5. Watan da ya fi zafi a jihar Nasarawa a duk shekara shi ne Maris, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kai 95°F, kuma mafi karancin zafin jiki ya kai 74°F. Lokacin sanyi na watanni 3.7, wanda ke gudana daga Yunin shekarar 22 zuwa 13 ga watan Oktoba, yana da matsakaicin zafin rana na ƙasa da 85°F. Nasarawa ta fuskanci wata mafi sanyi a cikin shekara a cikin Disamba, tare da matsakaicin yanayin ƙasa na 64 ° F da mafi girma 89 ° F. == Ma'adanai == Ma'adanai a jihar basarawa sun haɗa da;<ref>https://nigerianembassythehague.nl/about-nigeria/natural-resources/</ref> * Ma'adanin Baryte * Ma'adanin Bauxite * Ma'adanin Coal * Ma'adanin Dolomite * Ma'adanin Sapphire * Ma'adanin Talc * Ma'adanin Quartz * Ma'adanin Tantalite * Ma'adanin Tourmaline * Ma'adanin Mica * Ma'adanin Iron == Ilimi == [[Fayil:Welcome to Nasarawa, Nasarawa State 2.jpg|thumb|welcome to nasarawa]] Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa makartun masu yawa , waɗanda suka hada da kamarantun primare, sakandare dakuma makarantun gaba da sakandare: ===Makaratn gaba da Sakandare=== * [[College of Education, Akwanga|College of Education Akwanga]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2021-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027184339/https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya, Nasarawa|Federal polytechnic Nasarawa]]<ref>https://myschool.ng/classroom/institution-courses/federal-polytechnic-nasarawa</ref> * College of Agriculture Lafiya * Nasarawa State University <ref>https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/fulafia-courses/</ref> * Federal Government College == Addini == Mafiya yawan al'umar dake zaune a jihar Nasarawa Musulmai ne<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/nasarawa-school-graduates-7-honours-4-muslims-for-contributions-to-islam/</ref> ko Kuma kiristoci<ref>https://duniyarmuayau.com.ng/2020/12/25/me-ya-faru-da-mabiya-addinin-kirista-a-jihar-nasarawa-shugaban-ƙaramar-hukumar-lafia/{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>, amma akwai kaɗan da suke addinin Mazuganci == Adadin Al'umma == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa adadin mutane 1,869,377 a kididdigar shekara ta 2006, wanda hakan ya bawa jihar zama ta biyu a yawan al'umma bayan jihal [[Bayelsa]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110519235026/http://www.population.gov.ng/files/nationafinal.pdf</ref> == Gwamnati == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] tana gudana a ƙarƙashin gunadar wa ta gwamnan jihar [[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2023-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106131030/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, wanda shike jagoran sauran ayyuka na jihar. Garin na dauke da yan-majalisu, da wasu mukarraban [[gwamnati]] == Wuraren Bude Ido == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] nada wurareb shakatawa da kuma bude ido masu yawa , wasu daga ciki sunhaɗa da * Farin Ruwa Falls a Wamba<ref>http://www.globalpost.com/webblog/nigeria/dreaming-farin-ruwa</ref> * Maloney Hill<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/mission-to-maloney-hill/</ref> [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sunset_on_Maloney_Hill.jpg&oldid=477192385] == Sanannun Mutane == * Imam Sulaiman-Ibrahim Former Director General of NAPTIP<ref>https://newsdiaryonline.com/sulaiman-ibrahim-assumes-office-as-head-refugees-commission/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Abdullahi Amegwa Agbo Osana of Keana<ref>https://www.blueprint.ng/osana-of-keana-five-years-of-impactful-royalty/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Ahmadu Aliyu Ogah Andoma of Doma<ref>https://emporiumreporters.com.ng/tag/hrh-alhaji-ahmadu-aliyu-ogah-onawo/</ref> *Sen. Abdullahi Adamu Natinal Chairman APC<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/519885-profile-of-new-apc-national-chairman-abdullahi-adamu.html</ref> *Suleman Odapu Public Relation Practitioner == Yare/Kabilu == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] bada kabilu ma bam-banta guda 25 , sanannu daga cikinsu sun hada da * Miligi (koro) * Alago * Mada * Gwandara * [[Kanuri]] * [[Hausa]] * [[Fulani]] * [[Gbagyi]] * Rindre * Afo * Eggon<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/135496-nasarawa-massacre-barbarians-on-rampage-by-dele-agekameh.html</ref> * [[Ebira]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nasarawa}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} pfdx6yerxwy0qkewqejzliwvgbxfzyu 863232 863228 2026-06-21T15:16:55Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Nigerian number plate Nasarawa.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar Nasarawa]] [[File:Seal of Nasarawa State.svg|thumb|logon hoton jihar Nasarawa]] [[File:Engineer AA Sule.jpg|thumb|A Sule Gwamnan jihar nasarawa]] [[File:Nasarawa state university main gate.gif|thumb|babban gate na jami'ar jaha ]] [[File:Lighthouse and mascot, Nasarawa 2017.jpg|thumb|Lighthouse and mascot nasarawa 2017]] [[File:Tree of thorns, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|tree of thorns nasarawa state Nigeria ]] [[Fayil:Nasarawa state contingent 3.jpg|thumb|nasarawa lafiya]] '''Jihar Nasarawa:''' jiha ce dake, a Arewa ta tsakiyar ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan filaye kimanin kilomita murabba’in 27,117 da yawan jama’a miliyan ɗaya da dubu ɗari takwas da sittin da tara da ɗari uku da saba'in da bakwai (ƙidayar shekara ta 2006). Babban birnin tarayyar jihar shine [[Lafia]]. [[Abdullahi Sule]], shine gwamnan jihar tun zaɓen shekara ta 2011, har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shine [[Emmanuel Akabe]]. Dattijai a jihar sun haɗa: [[Philip Aruwa Gyunka]], [[Abdullahi Adamu]] da [[Suleman Asonya Adokwe]]. [[File:Dualization of Abuja - Keffi Road.jpg|thumb|Hanyar iyakar abuja da kuma keffi nasarawa state]] Jihar Nasarawa tana da iyaka da jihohi huɗu: [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]], [[Kogi]], [[Taraba]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] da [[Abuja]]. [[Fayil:Karshi Waterfall. Nasarawa State. Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Karachi waterfall Nasarawa state]] ==Ƙananan hukumomi== == Jihar Nasarawa nada adadin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|ƙananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha uku (13),ga kowanensu tare da kuma adadin yawan Mutanen dake a Ƙaramar hukumar. (Ƙidayar ahekara ta 2006)<ref name="nigerianstat-pop">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090115000000*/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf 2006 Population Census], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from [http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704042011/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf |date=2007-07-04 }} on 2009-03-25.</ref>: == {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shiyar Sanata ta Yamma a Nasarawa !! 716,802 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Arewa a Nasarawa !! 335,453 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Kudu a Nasarawa !! 811,020 |- | [[Karu, Jihar Nasarawa|Karu]] || 205,477 || || [[Akwanga]] || 113,430 || || [[Awe, Nigeria|Awe]] || 112,574 |- | [[Keffi]] || 92,664 || || [[Nasarawa Egon]] || 149,129 || || [[Doma]] || 139,607 |- | [[Kokona]] || 109,749 || || [[Wamba, Nigeria|Wamba]] || 72,894 || || [[Keana]] || 79,253 |- | [[Nasarawa (Jihar Nasarawa)|Nasarawa]] || 189,835 || || || || || [[Lafia]] || 330,712 |- | [[Toto, Nigeria|Toto]] || 119,077 || || || || || [[Obi, Jihar Nasarawa|Obi]] || 148,874 |} == Labarin Yanayi == === Yanayi === Nasarawa tana da yanayi mai zafi mai zafi da savanna. Yanayin zafin birnin na shekara shine 29.39°C (84.9°F) kuma ya kan yi ƙasa da -0.07% idan aka kwatanta da na Najeriya. Nassarawa na samun hazo kusan milimita 136.71 (inci 5.38) kuma tana da kwanaki 155.37 na ruwan sama (42.57% na lokacin) kowace shekara. A jihar Nasarawa, lokacin rani yana da danshi kuma wani bangare na gajimare, kuma ana yin zafi duk shekara. Lokacin damina yana da tsauri da yawa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara yana daga 63 zuwa 95 digiri Fahrenheit, da wuya yana faɗuwa ƙasa da 57 ko sama da 101.<ref>"National Results: Population by State and Sex" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2022</ref><ref>"Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Nasarawa". meteoblue. Retrieved 23 September 2023</ref><ref>"Nasarawa Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution | IQAir". www.iqair.com. 23 September 2023. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref><ref>"Nassarawa Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution | IQAir". www.iqair.com. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref><ref>"Air Quality and Pollen in Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria | Tomorrow.io". Tomorrow.io Weather. Retrieved 23 September 2023</ref> Daga ranar 29 ga watan Janairu zuwa 14 ga watan Afrilu, lokacin zafi, tare dkuma a matsakaita yawan zafin rana da ya wuce 93°F, yana ɗaukar watanni 2.5. Watan da ya fi zafi a jihar Nasarawa a duk shekara shi ne Maris, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kai 95°F, kuma mafi karancin zafin jiki ya kai 74°F. Lokacin sanyi na watanni 3.7, wanda ke gudana daga Yunin shekarar 22 zuwa 13 ga watan Oktoba, yana da matsakaicin zafin rana na ƙasa da 85°F. Nasarawa ta fuskanci wata mafi sanyi a cikin shekara a cikin Disamba, tare da matsakaicin yanayin ƙasa na 64 ° F da mafi girma 89 ° F.<ref>2006 Population Census, Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original Archived 4 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine on 2009-03-25</ref> == Ma'adanai == Ma'adanai a jihar basarawa sun haɗa da;<ref>https://nigerianembassythehague.nl/about-nigeria/natural-resources/</ref> * Ma'adanin Baryte * Ma'adanin Bauxite * Ma'adanin Coal * Ma'adanin Dolomite * Ma'adanin Sapphire * Ma'adanin Talc * Ma'adanin Quartz * Ma'adanin Tantalite * Ma'adanin Tourmaline * Ma'adanin Mica * Ma'adanin Iron == Ilimi == [[Fayil:Welcome to Nasarawa, Nasarawa State 2.jpg|thumb|welcome to nasarawa]] Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa makartun masu yawa , waɗanda suka hada da kamarantun primare, sakandare dakuma makarantun gaba da sakandare: ===Makaratn gaba da Sakandare=== * [[College of Education, Akwanga|College of Education Akwanga]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2021-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027184339/https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya, Nasarawa|Federal polytechnic Nasarawa]]<ref>https://myschool.ng/classroom/institution-courses/federal-polytechnic-nasarawa</ref> * College of Agriculture Lafiya * Nasarawa State University <ref>https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/fulafia-courses/</ref> * Federal Government College == Addini == Mafiya yawan al'umar dake zaune a jihar Nasarawa Musulmai ne<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/nasarawa-school-graduates-7-honours-4-muslims-for-contributions-to-islam/</ref> ko Kuma kiristoci<ref>https://duniyarmuayau.com.ng/2020/12/25/me-ya-faru-da-mabiya-addinin-kirista-a-jihar-nasarawa-shugaban-ƙaramar-hukumar-lafia/{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>, amma akwai kaɗan da suke addinin Mazuganci == Adadin Al'umma == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa adadin mutane 1,869,377 a kididdigar shekara ta 2006, wanda hakan ya bawa jihar zama ta biyu a yawan al'umma bayan jihal [[Bayelsa]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110519235026/http://www.population.gov.ng/files/nationafinal.pdf</ref> == Gwamnati == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] tana gudana a ƙarƙashin gunadar wa ta gwamnan jihar [[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2023-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106131030/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, wanda shike jagoran sauran ayyuka na jihar. Garin na dauke da yan-majalisu, da wasu mukarraban [[gwamnati]] == Wuraren Bude Ido == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] nada wurareb shakatawa da kuma bude ido masu yawa , wasu daga ciki sunhaɗa da * Farin Ruwa Falls a Wamba<ref>http://www.globalpost.com/webblog/nigeria/dreaming-farin-ruwa</ref> * Maloney Hill<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/mission-to-maloney-hill/</ref> [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sunset_on_Maloney_Hill.jpg&oldid=477192385] == Sanannun Mutane == * Imam Sulaiman-Ibrahim Former Director General of NAPTIP<ref>https://newsdiaryonline.com/sulaiman-ibrahim-assumes-office-as-head-refugees-commission/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Abdullahi Amegwa Agbo Osana of Keana<ref>https://www.blueprint.ng/osana-of-keana-five-years-of-impactful-royalty/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Ahmadu Aliyu Ogah Andoma of Doma<ref>https://emporiumreporters.com.ng/tag/hrh-alhaji-ahmadu-aliyu-ogah-onawo/</ref> *Sen. Abdullahi Adamu Natinal Chairman APC<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/519885-profile-of-new-apc-national-chairman-abdullahi-adamu.html</ref> *Suleman Odapu Public Relation Practitioner == Yare/Kabilu == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] bada kabilu ma bam-banta guda 25 , sanannu daga cikinsu sun hada da * Miligi (koro) * Alago * Mada * Gwandara * [[Kanuri]] * [[Hausa]] * [[Fulani]] * [[Gbagyi]] * Rindre * Afo * Eggon<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/135496-nasarawa-massacre-barbarians-on-rampage-by-dele-agekameh.html</ref> * [[Ebira]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nasarawa}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} c73w41mvazaqfzv8oa42hwr3u8r5h7l 863235 863232 2026-06-21T15:17:41Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863235 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Nigerian number plate Nasarawa.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar Nasarawa]] [[File:Seal of Nasarawa State.svg|thumb|logon hoton jihar Nasarawa]] [[File:Engineer AA Sule.jpg|thumb|A Sule Gwamnan jihar nasarawa]] [[File:Nasarawa state university main gate.gif|thumb|babban gate na jami'ar jaha ]] [[File:Lighthouse and mascot, Nasarawa 2017.jpg|thumb|Lighthouse and mascot nasarawa 2017]] [[File:Tree of thorns, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.jpg|thumb|tree of thorns nasarawa state Nigeria ]] [[Fayil:Nasarawa state contingent 3.jpg|thumb|nasarawa lafiya]] '''Jihar Nasarawa:''' jiha ce dake, a Arewa ta tsakiyar ƙasar [[Najeriya]]. Tana da yawan filaye kimanin kilomita murabba’in 27,117 da yawan jama’a miliyan ɗaya da dubu ɗari takwas da sittin da tara da ɗari uku da saba'in da bakwai (ƙidayar shekara ta 2006). Babban birnin tarayyar jihar shine [[Lafia]]. [[Abdullahi Sule]], shine gwamnan jihar tun zaɓen shekara ta 2011, har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shine [[Emmanuel Akabe]]. Dattijai a jihar sun haɗa: [[Philip Aruwa Gyunka]], [[Abdullahi Adamu]] da [[Suleman Asonya Adokwe]]. [[File:Dualization of Abuja - Keffi Road.jpg|thumb|Hanyar iyakar abuja da kuma keffi nasarawa state]] Jihar Nasarawa tana da iyaka da jihohi huɗu: [[Plateau (jiha)|Plateau]], [[Kogi]], [[Taraba]], [[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] da [[Abuja]]. [[Fayil:Karshi Waterfall. Nasarawa State. Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Karachi waterfall Nasarawa state]] ==Ƙananan hukumomi== == Jihar Nasarawa nada adadin [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|ƙananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha uku (13),ga kowanensu tare da kuma adadin yawan Mutanen dake a Ƙaramar hukumar. (Ƙidayar ahekara ta 2006)<ref name="nigerianstat-pop">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090115000000*/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf 2006 Population Census], Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from [http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704042011/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/Connections/Pop2006.pdf |date=2007-07-04 }} on 2009-03-25.</ref>: == {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shiyar Sanata ta Yamma a Nasarawa !! 716,802 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Arewa a Nasarawa !! 335,453 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Kudu a Nasarawa !! 811,020 |- | [[Karu, Jihar Nasarawa|Karu]] || 205,477 || || [[Akwanga]] || 113,430 || || [[Awe, Nigeria|Awe]] || 112,574 |- | [[Keffi]] || 92,664 || || [[Nasarawa Egon]] || 149,129 || || [[Doma]] || 139,607 |- | [[Kokona]] || 109,749 || || [[Wamba, Nigeria|Wamba]] || 72,894 || || [[Keana]] || 79,253 |- | [[Nasarawa (Jihar Nasarawa)|Nasarawa]] || 189,835 || || || || || [[Lafia]] || 330,712 |- | [[Toto, Nigeria|Toto]] || 119,077 || || || || || [[Obi, Jihar Nasarawa|Obi]] || 148,874 |} == Labarin Yanayi == === Yanayi === Nasarawa tana da yanayi mai zafi mai zafi da savanna. Yanayin zafin birnin na shekara shine 29.39°C (84.9°F) kuma ya kan yi ƙasa da -0.07% idan aka kwatanta da na Najeriya. Nassarawa na samun hazo kusan milimita 136.71 (inci 5.38) kuma tana da kwanaki 155.37 na ruwan sama (42.57% na lokacin) kowace shekara. A jihar Nasarawa, lokacin rani yana da danshi kuma wani bangare na gajimare, kuma ana yin zafi duk shekara. Lokacin damina yana da tsauri da yawa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara yana daga 63 zuwa 95 digiri Fahrenheit, da wuya yana faɗuwa ƙasa da 57 ko sama da 101.<ref>"National Results: Population by State and Sex" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2022</ref><ref>"Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Nasarawa". meteoblue. Retrieved 23 September 2023</ref><ref>"Nasarawa Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution | IQAir". www.iqair.com. 23 September 2023. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref><ref>"Nassarawa Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution | IQAir". www.iqair.com. Retrieved 23 September 2023.</ref><ref>"Air Quality and Pollen in Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria | Tomorrow.io". Tomorrow.io Weather. Retrieved 23 September 2023</ref> Daga ranar 29 ga watan Janairu zuwa 14 ga watan Afrilu, lokacin zafi, tare dkuma a matsakaita yawan zafin rana da ya wuce 93°F, yana ɗaukar watanni 2.5. Watan da ya fi zafi a jihar Nasarawa a duk shekara shi ne Maris, inda matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kai 95°F, kuma mafi karancin zafin jiki ya kai 74°F. Lokacin sanyi na watanni 3.7, wanda ke gudana daga Yunin shekarar 22 zuwa 13 ga watan Oktoba, yana da matsakaicin zafin rana na ƙasa da 85°F. Nasarawa ta fuskanci wata mafi sanyi a cikin shekara a cikin Disamba, tare da matsakaicin yanayin ƙasa na 64 ° F da mafi girma 89 ° F.<ref>2006 Population Census, Federal Republic of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original Archived 4 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine on 2009-03-25</ref><ref>"List of Newly Elected Chairmen of Local Government Councils in Nasarawa State. | Official Site of Nasarawa State". Archived from the original on 18 January 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2015</ref> == Ma'adanai == Ma'adanai a jihar basarawa sun haɗa da;<ref>https://nigerianembassythehague.nl/about-nigeria/natural-resources/</ref> * Ma'adanin Baryte * Ma'adanin Bauxite * Ma'adanin Coal * Ma'adanin Dolomite * Ma'adanin Sapphire * Ma'adanin Talc * Ma'adanin Quartz * Ma'adanin Tantalite * Ma'adanin Tourmaline * Ma'adanin Mica * Ma'adanin Iron == Ilimi == [[Fayil:Welcome to Nasarawa, Nasarawa State 2.jpg|thumb|welcome to nasarawa]] Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa makartun masu yawa , waɗanda suka hada da kamarantun primare, sakandare dakuma makarantun gaba da sakandare: ===Makaratn gaba da Sakandare=== * [[College of Education, Akwanga|College of Education Akwanga]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2021-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027184339/https://itsjambnews.com.ng/jamb/coeakwanga-courses/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya, Nasarawa|Federal polytechnic Nasarawa]]<ref>https://myschool.ng/classroom/institution-courses/federal-polytechnic-nasarawa</ref> * College of Agriculture Lafiya * Nasarawa State University <ref>https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/fulafia-courses/</ref> * Federal Government College == Addini == Mafiya yawan al'umar dake zaune a jihar Nasarawa Musulmai ne<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/nasarawa-school-graduates-7-honours-4-muslims-for-contributions-to-islam/</ref> ko Kuma kiristoci<ref>https://duniyarmuayau.com.ng/2020/12/25/me-ya-faru-da-mabiya-addinin-kirista-a-jihar-nasarawa-shugaban-ƙaramar-hukumar-lafia/{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>, amma akwai kaɗan da suke addinin Mazuganci == Adadin Al'umma == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] naɗa adadin mutane 1,869,377 a kididdigar shekara ta 2006, wanda hakan ya bawa jihar zama ta biyu a yawan al'umma bayan jihal [[Bayelsa]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110519235026/http://www.population.gov.ng/files/nationafinal.pdf</ref> == Gwamnati == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] tana gudana a ƙarƙashin gunadar wa ta gwamnan jihar [[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |access-date=2023-01-06 |archive-date=2023-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106131030/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/01/04/nasarawa-governor-signs-executive-order-on-insecurity/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, wanda shike jagoran sauran ayyuka na jihar. Garin na dauke da yan-majalisu, da wasu mukarraban [[gwamnati]] == Wuraren Bude Ido == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] nada wurareb shakatawa da kuma bude ido masu yawa , wasu daga ciki sunhaɗa da * Farin Ruwa Falls a Wamba<ref>http://www.globalpost.com/webblog/nigeria/dreaming-farin-ruwa</ref> * Maloney Hill<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/mission-to-maloney-hill/</ref> [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sunset_on_Maloney_Hill.jpg&oldid=477192385] == Sanannun Mutane == * Imam Sulaiman-Ibrahim Former Director General of NAPTIP<ref>https://newsdiaryonline.com/sulaiman-ibrahim-assumes-office-as-head-refugees-commission/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Abdullahi Amegwa Agbo Osana of Keana<ref>https://www.blueprint.ng/osana-of-keana-five-years-of-impactful-royalty/</ref> * HRH Alhaji Ahmadu Aliyu Ogah Andoma of Doma<ref>https://emporiumreporters.com.ng/tag/hrh-alhaji-ahmadu-aliyu-ogah-onawo/</ref> *Sen. Abdullahi Adamu Natinal Chairman APC<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/519885-profile-of-new-apc-national-chairman-abdullahi-adamu.html</ref> *Suleman Odapu Public Relation Practitioner == Yare/Kabilu == Jihar [[Nasarawa]] bada kabilu ma bam-banta guda 25 , sanannu daga cikinsu sun hada da * Miligi (koro) * Alago * Mada * Gwandara * [[Kanuri]] * [[Hausa]] * [[Fulani]] * [[Gbagyi]] * Rindre * Afo * Eggon<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/opinion/135496-nasarawa-massacre-barbarians-on-rampage-by-dele-agekameh.html</ref> * [[Ebira]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nasarawa}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] {{Jihohin Najeriya}} qmlg0y76s3fuvz7qrfg091caspnnsse 0 6801 863161 807415 2026-06-21T14:45:52Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Minna,Niger state City gate.jpg|thumb|Jihar niger]] [[Fayil:Assistance to Niger state farmer 21.jpg|thumb|Mataimakin manomin naija]] [[Fayil:Niger state flag.png|thumb|Tambarin jihar]] [[File:Zuma rock niger state Uku 3( on transit ).jpg|thumb|Dutsen Zuma kenan na jikin Naira dubu dake a niger]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Niger.jpg|thumb|Lambar mota kenan ta niger]] [[File:Babbar kofar shiga makarantar poly ta Neja.jpg|thumb|babbar Kofar makarantar kimiyya da fasaha ]] '''Jihar Neja''' Jaha ce dake [[Arewacin Najeriya|Arewa]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1598691-taaddanci-a-najeriya-za-a-fara-taron-tsaro-na-arewa-maso-yamma-a-katsina/&ved=2ahUKEwiWkobo5_OGAxWZV0EAHQHRClkQxfQBKAB6BAgLEAI&usg=AOvVaw10dbpVxzvnqTlelv3kJ-tv</nowiki></ref> ta tsakiyar [[Najeriya]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/06/labour-to-govs-on-minimum-wage-retrieve-nigeria-from-state-of-resentment-misery/amp/&ved=2ahUKEwiA2qvH5_OGAxUHX0EAHUkhJq0QyM8BKAB6BAgNEAI&usg=AOvVaw1xrDFRYeKUzdGjZnG6mDTb</nowiki></ref>. Tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita dubu saba'in da shida da Dari uku da sittin da uku (76,363 ), da yawan jama’a kimanin miliyan uku da dubu dari tara da hamsin da hudu Du da dari bakwai da saba'in da biyu, kidayar yawan jama'a na shekara ta dubu biyu da shida(2006).Babban birnin jahar shine [[Minna]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://sunnewsonline.com/nigerian-army-inter-brigade-competition-ends-in-minna/&ved=2ahUKEwiDv4KH6POGAxVKZ0EAHRHKAaUQxfQBKAB6BAgFEAE&usg=AOvVaw1Sd164NNdIpTAPVRMOfJq2</nowiki></ref>. Jihar [[Neja]] na cikin jihohi talatin da shida 36, na Najeriya Takenta shi ne '"''Power State"''' saboda tana da madatsun ruwa guda uku (3) da ke samar da kusan kashi saba'in 70% na wutar lantarkin [[Najeriya]]. ===Kafawa=== An kafa jihar Neja ne a ranar uku 3 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da shida 1976 daga rusasshiyar jihar Arewa maso Yamma a zamanin mulkin Janar [[Murtala Mohammed]].<ref>Federal Republic of Nigeria. (1976). ''States (Creation and Transitional Provisions) Decree No. 12 of 1976.'' Lagos, Nigeria: Government Printer.</ref> Jihar tana a shiyyar arewa ta tsakiya mai yanki mafi girma wanda ya kai kusan 80000km2, tare da kusan kashi saba'in 70% na gonaki da [[Noma a Najeriya|noma]]. Jihar Neja tana iyaka da Jihar [[Zamfara]] ta bangaren Arewa, Yamma da Jihar [[Kebbi]], Kudu da Jihar [[Kogi]], Kudu maso Yamma da Jihar [[Kwara]], Arewa maso Gabas da Jihar [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] da kuma Kudu maso Gabas da [[Abuja]]. Haka kuma jihar tana da iyaka ta kasa da kasa da jamhuriyar [[Benin]] tare da kananan hukumomin [[Agwara]] da [[Borgu (yanki)|Borgu]] zuwa Arewa maso Yamma.<ref>https://nigerstate.gov.ng</ref><ref>''Annual Abstract of Statistics'', 2021 Edition. Abuja, Nigeria.</ref> Jahar ta Neja tana da manyan mutane da dama wadanda suka rike manyan mukamai a kasar Najeriya sannan jiha ce wacce ta ke da tsofaffin shugabannin kasa na Najeriya har guda biyu a lokacin mulkin soja, wato [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]] (IBB) mai ritaya da kuma [[Abdulsalami Abubakar|Abdusalami Abubakar]] mai ritaya dukkaninsu mutanan Jahar ta Neja ne.<ref>"Kainji Lake National Park". United Nations Environment Programme: World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 21 October 2010.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-58791596|date=4 October 2021|accessdate=10 October 2021|publisher=[[BBC]]|title= Boko Haram ta mamaye garuruwa da dama a jihar Neja}}</ref><ref>keetu (15 September 2018). "List of Accredited Courses Offered in Poly Zungeru (Niger State Polytechnic Zungeru)". Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref> ==Manyan kananan hukomomin Jahar== Manyan kananan hukumomin Jahar su ne kamar haka: [[Chanchaga]], Bosso da kuma kananan hukumomin [[Bidda]], [[Suleja]] da kuma [[Kontagora]]. ==Yarukan Jahar.== Manyan yarukan jihar sun haka ne da [[Nupe|Nufanchi]], [[Hausa]], Gbagi da kuma [[turanci]] inda yankunan Bidda da Agaie da kuma Lapai, Mokwa suka fi yawan masu amfani da yaren Nufanci, Yankin Kontagora, Kagara, Mariga, Mashegu Rijau, Suleja suke da mafi rinjayen masu amfani da yarukan Hausa. Paikoro, Chanchaga, Bosso, Edati da dai sauransu suna amfani da saura yarukan a matsayin masu rinjaye. [[File:Nigerian Male Processing Yam for Food.jpg|thumb|al'adar daka doya a jihar Niger]] ==Tarihi.== Akwai wuraren tarihi sosai a jahar ta Neja musamman a garin Zungeru inda kuma a nan ne turawan Yamma suka saka hannu domin hadewan Najeriya kasa daya daga sauran yankuna sannan a wannan garin ne gwamnan farko na Najeriya ya yada zango a matsayin hedikwata gareshi. Alhaji ''Umar Farouk Bahago'' shi ne sarkin Minna. Jihar Neja tana da iyaka da misalin jahohi shida, sune: [[Abuja|Babban birnin tarayya]], [[Kwara]], [[Kogi]], [[Kaduna]](jiha)| Kaduna]], [[Kebbi]] kuma da [[Zamfara]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Niger-state-Nigeria|title=Niger &#124; state, Nigeria |website=www.britannica.com}}</ref> ===Gwamnoni.=== [[Fayil:Assistance to Niger state farmer 15.jpg|thumb]] Jerin sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Neja. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Niger_State ==Kananan Hukumomi.== Jihar Neja tana da [[kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan Hukumomi]] guda ashirin da biyar (25). Sune: *[[Agaie]] *[[Agwara]] *[[Bida]] *[[Borgu]] *[[Bosso, Nigeria|Bosso]] *[[Chanchaga]] *[[Edati]] *[[Gbako]] *[[Gurara]] *[[Katcha, Nigeria|Katcha]] *[[Kontagora]] *[[Lapai]] *[[Lavun]] *[[Magama, Nigeria|Magama]] *[[Mariga, Nigeria|Mariga]] *[[Mashegu]] *[[Mokwa]] *[[Munya, Nigeria|Munya]] *[[Paikoro]] *[[Rafi, Nigeria|Rafi]] *[[Rijau]] *[[Shiroro]] *[[Suleja]] *[[Tafa]] *[[Wushishi]] == Ilimi. == Jihar Neja na da manyan jami'oi na ilimi wadanda suka hada da: === Jami'o'i a jihar Neja === * Federal Polytechnic, Bida<ref>Keetu (19 August 2017). "List Of Accredited Courses,Offered In Federal Polytechnic Bida (Fed Poly Bida)". Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref><br /> * [[Federal University of Technology, Minna|Federal University of Technology Minna]]<ref>https://schoolings.org/list-of-accredited-courses-offered-in-federal-polytechnic-bida-fed-poly-bida/</ref> * [[Niger State Polytechnic|Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru]].<ref>"Updated List of Courses Offered In FUTMINNA forJAMB 2021,Registration". ''O3schools''. 5 March 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref>. * [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University]] Lapai<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/ibb-university-vc-visits-oil-exploration-site-at-gulu-commends-nnpc/</ref> * Federal College of Education Kontagora<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/provost-fce-kotangora-bags-kidcs-award-of-grand-commander-of-intellectual-discourse/</ref> * Niger State College of Nursing Bida<ref>"Niger State School of Nursing Gets Full Accreditation – THISDAYLIVE"</ref> * School of Basic Midwifery Minna<ref>"Niger State School of Nursing Gets Full Accreditation – THISDAYLIVE"</ref> * Government Technical College Eyagi, Bida<ref>"Eyagi Community jubilates as Government Technical College in Bida, Niger State receives furniture from MTN Foundation"</ref> * Government Technical College Minna<ref>https://gazettengr.com/buhari-regime-spends-n106-million-to-construct-college-hall-in-minna/</ref> * Government Technical College Bussa * Niger State College of Education Minna<ref>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=641d41f52c8c259dJmltdHM9MTcxOTI3MzYwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTE5Mg&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=niger+stae+college+of+education+minna&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9jb2VtaW5uYS5lZHUubmcv&ntb=1</ref> * New Gate College of Health Science and Technology Minna ==== Sanannun Mutane. ==== Sanannun mutane na jihar Neja sun hada da : * Mohammed Umar Bago, gomnan jihar * Sheikh Ahmed Abdullah<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Ahmed_Abdullah</ref>, tsohon ministan noma == Yaruka. == An jero yarukan jihar Neja dangane da ƙananan hukumomin da ake amfani da su;<ref>"Nigeria". ''Ethnologue'' (22 ed.). Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref> {| class="wikitable" !LGA !Languages |- |Agaie |[[Nupe language|Nupe]], [[Dibo language|Dibo]]; [[Kakanda language|Kakanda]]; |- |Agwara |[[Shingini language|Cishingini]] |- |Bida |Nupe, BassaNge, [[Gwari language|Gbari]] |- |Borgu |[[Busa language (Mande)|Busa]], Bisã; [[Boko language|Boko]]; Cishingini; [[Laru language|Laru]]; [[Reshe language|Reshe]] |- |Chanchaga |[[Basa-Gumna language|Basa-Gumna]]; Bassa-Gurmana; Gbagyi; Gbari; Nupe; [[Kamuku languages|Kamuku]]; [[Jijili language|Tanjijili]] |- |Edati |Nupe, BassaNge |- |Gbako |Nupe |- |Gurara |[[Gwandara language|Gwandara]], Gbagyi |- |Katcha |Nupe, Dibo; [[Kupa language|Kupa]] |- |Kontagora |Acipa, Eastern; [[Asu language (Nigeria)|Asu]]; [[Shingini language|Tsishingini]]; [[Vadi language|Tsuvadi]] |- |Lapai |Nupe, Dibo; Gbari; [[Gupa-Abawa language|Gupa-Abawa]]; Kakanda; Kami; |- |Magama |[[Lopa language|Lopa]]; [[Kimba language|Tsikimba]]; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi |- |Mariga |[[Baangi language|Baangi]]; [[Basa-Kontagora language|Bassa-Kontagora]]; [[Cipu language|Cicipu]]; [[Kamuku languages|Kamuku]]; Nupe; Rogo; [[Shama language|Shama-Sambuga]]; Tsikimba; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi |- |Mashegu |Asu; Tsikimba; Tsishingini; Nupe-Tako |- |Minna |Nupe; Gbari; Gbagyi |- |Mokwa |Nupe, Yoruba; Gbari |- |Munya |Adara |- |Paikoro |Gbari; Kadara |- |Rafi |Basa-Gurmana; Bauchi; Cahungwarya; Fungwa; Gbagyi; Gbari; Kamuku; Pangu; Rogo; Shama-Sambuga |- |Rijau |Fulani; C'Lela; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi; ut-Hun |- |Shiroro |Gbagyi; Gurmana; Bassa |- |Suleja |Gbagyi; Gbari; Gwandara; Nupe; Tanjijili |- |Wushishi |Hausa; Nupe; Gbari |} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] == Manazarta. == {{reflist|2}} {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}} 9ehcq6245fisqldqr7ew3xxydwll527 863162 863161 2026-06-21T14:46:39Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863162 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Minna,Niger state City gate.jpg|thumb|Jihar niger]] [[Fayil:Assistance to Niger state farmer 21.jpg|thumb|Mataimakin manomin naija]] [[Fayil:Niger state flag.png|thumb|Tambarin jihar]] [[File:Zuma rock niger state Uku 3( on transit ).jpg|thumb|Dutsen Zuma kenan na jikin Naira dubu dake a niger]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Niger.jpg|thumb|Lambar mota kenan ta niger]] [[File:Babbar kofar shiga makarantar poly ta Neja.jpg|thumb|babbar Kofar makarantar kimiyya da fasaha ]] '''Jihar Neja''' Jaha ce dake [[Arewacin Najeriya|Arewa]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1598691-taaddanci-a-najeriya-za-a-fara-taron-tsaro-na-arewa-maso-yamma-a-katsina/&ved=2ahUKEwiWkobo5_OGAxWZV0EAHQHRClkQxfQBKAB6BAgLEAI&usg=AOvVaw10dbpVxzvnqTlelv3kJ-tv</nowiki></ref> ta tsakiyar [[Najeriya]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/06/labour-to-govs-on-minimum-wage-retrieve-nigeria-from-state-of-resentment-misery/amp/&ved=2ahUKEwiA2qvH5_OGAxUHX0EAHUkhJq0QyM8BKAB6BAgNEAI&usg=AOvVaw1xrDFRYeKUzdGjZnG6mDTb</nowiki></ref>. Tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita dubu saba'in da shida da Dari uku da sittin da uku (76,363 ), da yawan jama’a kimanin miliyan uku da dubu dari tara da hamsin da hudu Du da dari bakwai da saba'in da biyu, kidayar yawan jama'a na shekara ta dubu biyu da shida(2006).Babban birnin jahar shine [[Minna]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://sunnewsonline.com/nigerian-army-inter-brigade-competition-ends-in-minna/&ved=2ahUKEwiDv4KH6POGAxVKZ0EAHRHKAaUQxfQBKAB6BAgFEAE&usg=AOvVaw1Sd164NNdIpTAPVRMOfJq2</nowiki></ref>. Jihar [[Neja]] na cikin jihohi talatin da shida 36, na Najeriya Takenta shi ne '"''Power State"''' saboda tana da madatsun ruwa guda uku (3) da ke samar da kusan kashi saba'in 70% na wutar lantarkin [[Najeriya]]. ===Kafawa=== An kafa jihar Neja ne a ranar uku 3 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da shida 1976 daga rusasshiyar jihar Arewa maso Yamma a zamanin mulkin Janar [[Murtala Mohammed]].<ref>Federal Republic of Nigeria. (1976). ''States (Creation and Transitional Provisions) Decree No. 12 of 1976.'' Lagos, Nigeria: Government Printer.</ref> Jihar tana a shiyyar arewa ta tsakiya mai yanki mafi girma wanda ya kai kusan 80000km2, tare da kusan kashi saba'in 70% na gonaki da [[Noma a Najeriya|noma]]. Jihar Neja tana iyaka da Jihar [[Zamfara]] ta bangaren Arewa, Yamma da Jihar [[Kebbi]], Kudu da Jihar [[Kogi]], Kudu maso Yamma da Jihar [[Kwara]], Arewa maso Gabas da Jihar [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] da kuma Kudu maso Gabas da [[Abuja]]. Haka kuma jihar tana da iyaka ta kasa da kasa da jamhuriyar [[Benin]] tare da kananan hukumomin [[Agwara]] da [[Borgu (yanki)|Borgu]] zuwa Arewa maso Yamma.<ref>https://nigerstate.gov.ng</ref><ref>''Annual Abstract of Statistics'', 2021 Edition. Abuja, Nigeria.</ref> Jahar ta Neja tana da manyan mutane da dama wadanda suka rike manyan mukamai a kasar Najeriya sannan jiha ce wacce ta ke da tsofaffin shugabannin kasa na Najeriya har guda biyu a lokacin mulkin soja, wato [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]] (IBB) mai ritaya da kuma [[Abdulsalami Abubakar|Abdusalami Abubakar]] mai ritaya dukkaninsu mutanan Jahar ta Neja ne.<ref>"Kainji Lake National Park". United Nations Environment Programme: World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 21 October 2010.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-58791596|date=4 October 2021|accessdate=10 October 2021|publisher=[[BBC]]|title= Boko Haram ta mamaye garuruwa da dama a jihar Neja}}</ref><ref>keetu (15 September 2018). "List of Accredited Courses Offered in Poly Zungeru (Niger State Polytechnic Zungeru)". Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref> ==Manyan kananan hukomomin Jahar== Manyan kananan hukumomin Jahar su ne kamar haka: [[Chanchaga]], Bosso da kuma kananan hukumomin [[Bidda]], [[Suleja]] da kuma [[Kontagora]].<ref>Ibeh, Royal (28 December 2022). "Baro Inland Port: Shippers Council Reopens Niger Area Office". Leadership. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</ref> ==Yarukan Jahar.== Manyan yarukan jihar sun haka ne da [[Nupe|Nufanchi]], [[Hausa]], Gbagi da kuma [[turanci]] inda yankunan Bidda da Agaie da kuma Lapai, Mokwa suka fi yawan masu amfani da yaren Nufanci, Yankin Kontagora, Kagara, Mariga, Mashegu Rijau, Suleja suke da mafi rinjayen masu amfani da yarukan Hausa. Paikoro, Chanchaga, Bosso, Edati da dai sauransu suna amfani da saura yarukan a matsayin masu rinjaye. [[File:Nigerian Male Processing Yam for Food.jpg|thumb|al'adar daka doya a jihar Niger]] ==Tarihi.== Akwai wuraren tarihi sosai a jahar ta Neja musamman a garin Zungeru inda kuma a nan ne turawan Yamma suka saka hannu domin hadewan Najeriya kasa daya daga sauran yankuna sannan a wannan garin ne gwamnan farko na Najeriya ya yada zango a matsayin hedikwata gareshi. Alhaji ''Umar Farouk Bahago'' shi ne sarkin Minna. Jihar Neja tana da iyaka da misalin jahohi shida, sune: [[Abuja|Babban birnin tarayya]], [[Kwara]], [[Kogi]], [[Kaduna]](jiha)| Kaduna]], [[Kebbi]] kuma da [[Zamfara]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Niger-state-Nigeria|title=Niger &#124; state, Nigeria |website=www.britannica.com}}</ref> ===Gwamnoni.=== [[Fayil:Assistance to Niger state farmer 15.jpg|thumb]] Jerin sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Neja. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Niger_State ==Kananan Hukumomi.== Jihar Neja tana da [[kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan Hukumomi]] guda ashirin da biyar (25). Sune: *[[Agaie]] *[[Agwara]] *[[Bida]] *[[Borgu]] *[[Bosso, Nigeria|Bosso]] *[[Chanchaga]] *[[Edati]] *[[Gbako]] *[[Gurara]] *[[Katcha, Nigeria|Katcha]] *[[Kontagora]] *[[Lapai]] *[[Lavun]] *[[Magama, Nigeria|Magama]] *[[Mariga, Nigeria|Mariga]] *[[Mashegu]] *[[Mokwa]] *[[Munya, Nigeria|Munya]] *[[Paikoro]] *[[Rafi, Nigeria|Rafi]] *[[Rijau]] *[[Shiroro]] *[[Suleja]] *[[Tafa]] *[[Wushishi]] == Ilimi. == Jihar Neja na da manyan jami'oi na ilimi wadanda suka hada da: === Jami'o'i a jihar Neja === * Federal Polytechnic, Bida<ref>Keetu (19 August 2017). "List Of Accredited Courses,Offered In Federal Polytechnic Bida (Fed Poly Bida)". Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref><br /> * [[Federal University of Technology, Minna|Federal University of Technology Minna]]<ref>https://schoolings.org/list-of-accredited-courses-offered-in-federal-polytechnic-bida-fed-poly-bida/</ref> * [[Niger State Polytechnic|Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru]].<ref>"Updated List of Courses Offered In FUTMINNA forJAMB 2021,Registration". ''O3schools''. 5 March 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref>. * [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University]] Lapai<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/ibb-university-vc-visits-oil-exploration-site-at-gulu-commends-nnpc/</ref> * Federal College of Education Kontagora<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/provost-fce-kotangora-bags-kidcs-award-of-grand-commander-of-intellectual-discourse/</ref> * Niger State College of Nursing Bida<ref>"Niger State School of Nursing Gets Full Accreditation – THISDAYLIVE"</ref> * School of Basic Midwifery Minna<ref>"Niger State School of Nursing Gets Full Accreditation – THISDAYLIVE"</ref> * Government Technical College Eyagi, Bida<ref>"Eyagi Community jubilates as Government Technical College in Bida, Niger State receives furniture from MTN Foundation"</ref> * Government Technical College Minna<ref>https://gazettengr.com/buhari-regime-spends-n106-million-to-construct-college-hall-in-minna/</ref> * Government Technical College Bussa * Niger State College of Education Minna<ref>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=641d41f52c8c259dJmltdHM9MTcxOTI3MzYwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTE5Mg&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=niger+stae+college+of+education+minna&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9jb2VtaW5uYS5lZHUubmcv&ntb=1</ref> * New Gate College of Health Science and Technology Minna ==== Sanannun Mutane. ==== Sanannun mutane na jihar Neja sun hada da : * Mohammed Umar Bago, gomnan jihar * Sheikh Ahmed Abdullah<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Ahmed_Abdullah</ref>, tsohon ministan noma == Yaruka. == An jero yarukan jihar Neja dangane da ƙananan hukumomin da ake amfani da su;<ref>"Nigeria". ''Ethnologue'' (22 ed.). Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref> {| class="wikitable" !LGA !Languages |- |Agaie |[[Nupe language|Nupe]], [[Dibo language|Dibo]]; [[Kakanda language|Kakanda]]; |- |Agwara |[[Shingini language|Cishingini]] |- |Bida |Nupe, BassaNge, [[Gwari language|Gbari]] |- |Borgu |[[Busa language (Mande)|Busa]], Bisã; [[Boko language|Boko]]; Cishingini; [[Laru language|Laru]]; [[Reshe language|Reshe]] |- |Chanchaga |[[Basa-Gumna language|Basa-Gumna]]; Bassa-Gurmana; Gbagyi; Gbari; Nupe; [[Kamuku languages|Kamuku]]; [[Jijili language|Tanjijili]] |- |Edati |Nupe, BassaNge |- |Gbako |Nupe |- |Gurara |[[Gwandara language|Gwandara]], Gbagyi |- |Katcha |Nupe, Dibo; [[Kupa language|Kupa]] |- |Kontagora |Acipa, Eastern; [[Asu language (Nigeria)|Asu]]; [[Shingini language|Tsishingini]]; [[Vadi language|Tsuvadi]] |- |Lapai |Nupe, Dibo; Gbari; [[Gupa-Abawa language|Gupa-Abawa]]; Kakanda; Kami; |- |Magama |[[Lopa language|Lopa]]; [[Kimba language|Tsikimba]]; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi |- |Mariga |[[Baangi language|Baangi]]; [[Basa-Kontagora language|Bassa-Kontagora]]; [[Cipu language|Cicipu]]; [[Kamuku languages|Kamuku]]; Nupe; Rogo; [[Shama language|Shama-Sambuga]]; Tsikimba; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi |- |Mashegu |Asu; Tsikimba; Tsishingini; Nupe-Tako |- |Minna |Nupe; Gbari; Gbagyi |- |Mokwa |Nupe, Yoruba; Gbari |- |Munya |Adara |- |Paikoro |Gbari; Kadara |- |Rafi |Basa-Gurmana; Bauchi; Cahungwarya; Fungwa; Gbagyi; Gbari; Kamuku; Pangu; Rogo; Shama-Sambuga |- |Rijau |Fulani; C'Lela; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi; ut-Hun |- |Shiroro |Gbagyi; Gurmana; Bassa |- |Suleja |Gbagyi; Gbari; Gwandara; Nupe; Tanjijili |- |Wushishi |Hausa; Nupe; Gbari |} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] == Manazarta. == {{reflist|2}} {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}} 6m6qicsjgt3byz5jy3h9bxwiuxqvs8e 863163 863162 2026-06-21T14:47:19Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Minna,Niger state City gate.jpg|thumb|Jihar niger]] [[Fayil:Assistance to Niger state farmer 21.jpg|thumb|Mataimakin manomin naija]] [[Fayil:Niger state flag.png|thumb|Tambarin jihar]] [[File:Zuma rock niger state Uku 3( on transit ).jpg|thumb|Dutsen Zuma kenan na jikin Naira dubu dake a niger]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Niger.jpg|thumb|Lambar mota kenan ta niger]] [[File:Babbar kofar shiga makarantar poly ta Neja.jpg|thumb|babbar Kofar makarantar kimiyya da fasaha ]] '''Jihar Neja''' Jaha ce dake [[Arewacin Najeriya|Arewa]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1598691-taaddanci-a-najeriya-za-a-fara-taron-tsaro-na-arewa-maso-yamma-a-katsina/&ved=2ahUKEwiWkobo5_OGAxWZV0EAHQHRClkQxfQBKAB6BAgLEAI&usg=AOvVaw10dbpVxzvnqTlelv3kJ-tv</nowiki></ref> ta tsakiyar [[Najeriya]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/06/labour-to-govs-on-minimum-wage-retrieve-nigeria-from-state-of-resentment-misery/amp/&ved=2ahUKEwiA2qvH5_OGAxUHX0EAHUkhJq0QyM8BKAB6BAgNEAI&usg=AOvVaw1xrDFRYeKUzdGjZnG6mDTb</nowiki></ref>. Tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita dubu saba'in da shida da Dari uku da sittin da uku (76,363 ), da yawan jama’a kimanin miliyan uku da dubu dari tara da hamsin da hudu Du da dari bakwai da saba'in da biyu, kidayar yawan jama'a na shekara ta dubu biyu da shida(2006).Babban birnin jahar shine [[Minna]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://sunnewsonline.com/nigerian-army-inter-brigade-competition-ends-in-minna/&ved=2ahUKEwiDv4KH6POGAxVKZ0EAHRHKAaUQxfQBKAB6BAgFEAE&usg=AOvVaw1Sd164NNdIpTAPVRMOfJq2</nowiki></ref>. Jihar [[Neja]] na cikin jihohi talatin da shida 36, na Najeriya Takenta shi ne '"''Power State"''' saboda tana da madatsun ruwa guda uku (3) da ke samar da kusan kashi saba'in 70% na wutar lantarkin [[Najeriya]]. ===Kafawa=== An kafa jihar Neja ne a ranar uku 3 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da shida 1976 daga rusasshiyar jihar Arewa maso Yamma a zamanin mulkin Janar [[Murtala Mohammed]].<ref>Federal Republic of Nigeria. (1976). ''States (Creation and Transitional Provisions) Decree No. 12 of 1976.'' Lagos, Nigeria: Government Printer.</ref> Jihar tana a shiyyar arewa ta tsakiya mai yanki mafi girma wanda ya kai kusan 80000km2, tare da kusan kashi saba'in 70% na gonaki da [[Noma a Najeriya|noma]]. Jihar Neja tana iyaka da Jihar [[Zamfara]] ta bangaren Arewa, Yamma da Jihar [[Kebbi]], Kudu da Jihar [[Kogi]], Kudu maso Yamma da Jihar [[Kwara]], Arewa maso Gabas da Jihar [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] da kuma Kudu maso Gabas da [[Abuja]]. Haka kuma jihar tana da iyaka ta kasa da kasa da jamhuriyar [[Benin]] tare da kananan hukumomin [[Agwara]] da [[Borgu (yanki)|Borgu]] zuwa Arewa maso Yamma.<ref>https://nigerstate.gov.ng</ref><ref>''Annual Abstract of Statistics'', 2021 Edition. Abuja, Nigeria.</ref> Jahar ta Neja tana da manyan mutane da dama wadanda suka rike manyan mukamai a kasar Najeriya sannan jiha ce wacce ta ke da tsofaffin shugabannin kasa na Najeriya har guda biyu a lokacin mulkin soja, wato [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]] (IBB) mai ritaya da kuma [[Abdulsalami Abubakar|Abdusalami Abubakar]] mai ritaya dukkaninsu mutanan Jahar ta Neja ne.<ref>"Kainji Lake National Park". United Nations Environment Programme: World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 21 October 2010.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-58791596|date=4 October 2021|accessdate=10 October 2021|publisher=[[BBC]]|title= Boko Haram ta mamaye garuruwa da dama a jihar Neja}}</ref><ref>keetu (15 September 2018). "List of Accredited Courses Offered in Poly Zungeru (Niger State Polytechnic Zungeru)". Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref> ==Manyan kananan hukomomin Jahar== Manyan kananan hukumomin Jahar su ne kamar haka: [[Chanchaga]], Bosso da kuma kananan hukumomin [[Bidda]], [[Suleja]] da kuma [[Kontagora]].<ref>Ibeh, Royal (28 December 2022). "Baro Inland Port: Shippers Council Reopens Niger Area Office". Leadership. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</ref> ==Yarukan Jahar.== Manyan yarukan jihar sun haka ne da [[Nupe|Nufanchi]], [[Hausa]], Gbagi da kuma [[turanci]] inda yankunan Bidda da Agaie da kuma Lapai, Mokwa suka fi yawan masu amfani da yaren Nufanci, Yankin Kontagora, Kagara, Mariga, Mashegu Rijau, Suleja suke da mafi rinjayen masu amfani da yarukan Hausa. Paikoro, Chanchaga, Bosso, Edati da dai sauransu suna amfani da saura yarukan a matsayin masu rinjaye.<ref>vanguard (17 March 2017). "Crude oil deposits found in Bida basin in Niger State". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</ref> [[File:Nigerian Male Processing Yam for Food.jpg|thumb|al'adar daka doya a jihar Niger]] ==Tarihi.== Akwai wuraren tarihi sosai a jahar ta Neja musamman a garin Zungeru inda kuma a nan ne turawan Yamma suka saka hannu domin hadewan Najeriya kasa daya daga sauran yankuna sannan a wannan garin ne gwamnan farko na Najeriya ya yada zango a matsayin hedikwata gareshi. Alhaji ''Umar Farouk Bahago'' shi ne sarkin Minna. Jihar Neja tana da iyaka da misalin jahohi shida, sune: [[Abuja|Babban birnin tarayya]], [[Kwara]], [[Kogi]], [[Kaduna]](jiha)| Kaduna]], [[Kebbi]] kuma da [[Zamfara]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Niger-state-Nigeria|title=Niger &#124; state, Nigeria |website=www.britannica.com}}</ref> ===Gwamnoni.=== [[Fayil:Assistance to Niger state farmer 15.jpg|thumb]] Jerin sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Neja. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Niger_State ==Kananan Hukumomi.== Jihar Neja tana da [[kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan Hukumomi]] guda ashirin da biyar (25). Sune: *[[Agaie]] *[[Agwara]] *[[Bida]] *[[Borgu]] *[[Bosso, Nigeria|Bosso]] *[[Chanchaga]] *[[Edati]] *[[Gbako]] *[[Gurara]] *[[Katcha, Nigeria|Katcha]] *[[Kontagora]] *[[Lapai]] *[[Lavun]] *[[Magama, Nigeria|Magama]] *[[Mariga, Nigeria|Mariga]] *[[Mashegu]] *[[Mokwa]] *[[Munya, Nigeria|Munya]] *[[Paikoro]] *[[Rafi, Nigeria|Rafi]] *[[Rijau]] *[[Shiroro]] *[[Suleja]] *[[Tafa]] *[[Wushishi]] == Ilimi. == Jihar Neja na da manyan jami'oi na ilimi wadanda suka hada da: === Jami'o'i a jihar Neja === * Federal Polytechnic, Bida<ref>Keetu (19 August 2017). "List Of Accredited Courses,Offered In Federal Polytechnic Bida (Fed Poly Bida)". Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref><br /> * [[Federal University of Technology, Minna|Federal University of Technology Minna]]<ref>https://schoolings.org/list-of-accredited-courses-offered-in-federal-polytechnic-bida-fed-poly-bida/</ref> * [[Niger State Polytechnic|Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru]].<ref>"Updated List of Courses Offered In FUTMINNA forJAMB 2021,Registration". ''O3schools''. 5 March 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref>. * [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University]] Lapai<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/ibb-university-vc-visits-oil-exploration-site-at-gulu-commends-nnpc/</ref> * Federal College of Education Kontagora<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/provost-fce-kotangora-bags-kidcs-award-of-grand-commander-of-intellectual-discourse/</ref> * Niger State College of Nursing Bida<ref>"Niger State School of Nursing Gets Full Accreditation – THISDAYLIVE"</ref> * School of Basic Midwifery Minna<ref>"Niger State School of Nursing Gets Full Accreditation – THISDAYLIVE"</ref> * Government Technical College Eyagi, Bida<ref>"Eyagi Community jubilates as Government Technical College in Bida, Niger State receives furniture from MTN Foundation"</ref> * Government Technical College Minna<ref>https://gazettengr.com/buhari-regime-spends-n106-million-to-construct-college-hall-in-minna/</ref> * Government Technical College Bussa * Niger State College of Education Minna<ref>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=641d41f52c8c259dJmltdHM9MTcxOTI3MzYwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTE5Mg&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=niger+stae+college+of+education+minna&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9jb2VtaW5uYS5lZHUubmcv&ntb=1</ref> * New Gate College of Health Science and Technology Minna ==== Sanannun Mutane. ==== Sanannun mutane na jihar Neja sun hada da : * Mohammed Umar Bago, gomnan jihar * Sheikh Ahmed Abdullah<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Ahmed_Abdullah</ref>, tsohon ministan noma == Yaruka. == An jero yarukan jihar Neja dangane da ƙananan hukumomin da ake amfani da su;<ref>"Nigeria". ''Ethnologue'' (22 ed.). Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref> {| class="wikitable" !LGA !Languages |- |Agaie |[[Nupe language|Nupe]], [[Dibo language|Dibo]]; [[Kakanda language|Kakanda]]; |- |Agwara |[[Shingini language|Cishingini]] |- |Bida |Nupe, BassaNge, [[Gwari language|Gbari]] |- |Borgu |[[Busa language (Mande)|Busa]], Bisã; [[Boko language|Boko]]; Cishingini; [[Laru language|Laru]]; [[Reshe language|Reshe]] |- |Chanchaga |[[Basa-Gumna language|Basa-Gumna]]; Bassa-Gurmana; Gbagyi; Gbari; Nupe; [[Kamuku languages|Kamuku]]; [[Jijili language|Tanjijili]] |- |Edati |Nupe, BassaNge |- |Gbako |Nupe |- |Gurara |[[Gwandara language|Gwandara]], Gbagyi |- |Katcha |Nupe, Dibo; [[Kupa language|Kupa]] |- |Kontagora |Acipa, Eastern; [[Asu language (Nigeria)|Asu]]; [[Shingini language|Tsishingini]]; [[Vadi language|Tsuvadi]] |- |Lapai |Nupe, Dibo; Gbari; [[Gupa-Abawa language|Gupa-Abawa]]; Kakanda; Kami; |- |Magama |[[Lopa language|Lopa]]; [[Kimba language|Tsikimba]]; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi |- |Mariga |[[Baangi language|Baangi]]; [[Basa-Kontagora language|Bassa-Kontagora]]; [[Cipu language|Cicipu]]; [[Kamuku languages|Kamuku]]; Nupe; Rogo; [[Shama language|Shama-Sambuga]]; Tsikimba; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi |- |Mashegu |Asu; Tsikimba; Tsishingini; Nupe-Tako |- |Minna |Nupe; Gbari; Gbagyi |- |Mokwa |Nupe, Yoruba; Gbari |- |Munya |Adara |- |Paikoro |Gbari; Kadara |- |Rafi |Basa-Gurmana; Bauchi; Cahungwarya; Fungwa; Gbagyi; Gbari; Kamuku; Pangu; Rogo; Shama-Sambuga |- |Rijau |Fulani; C'Lela; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi; ut-Hun |- |Shiroro |Gbagyi; Gurmana; Bassa |- |Suleja |Gbagyi; Gbari; Gwandara; Nupe; Tanjijili |- |Wushishi |Hausa; Nupe; Gbari |} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] == Manazarta. == {{reflist|2}} {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}} 9fyfsdvi9f4yrt149kh0442esfsg5c3 863164 863163 2026-06-21T14:48:05Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Minna,Niger state City gate.jpg|thumb|Jihar niger]] [[Fayil:Assistance to Niger state farmer 21.jpg|thumb|Mataimakin manomin naija]] [[Fayil:Niger state flag.png|thumb|Tambarin jihar]] [[File:Zuma rock niger state Uku 3( on transit ).jpg|thumb|Dutsen Zuma kenan na jikin Naira dubu dake a niger]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Niger.jpg|thumb|Lambar mota kenan ta niger]] [[File:Babbar kofar shiga makarantar poly ta Neja.jpg|thumb|babbar Kofar makarantar kimiyya da fasaha ]] '''Jihar Neja''' Jaha ce dake [[Arewacin Najeriya|Arewa]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1598691-taaddanci-a-najeriya-za-a-fara-taron-tsaro-na-arewa-maso-yamma-a-katsina/&ved=2ahUKEwiWkobo5_OGAxWZV0EAHQHRClkQxfQBKAB6BAgLEAI&usg=AOvVaw10dbpVxzvnqTlelv3kJ-tv</nowiki></ref> ta tsakiyar [[Najeriya]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/06/labour-to-govs-on-minimum-wage-retrieve-nigeria-from-state-of-resentment-misery/amp/&ved=2ahUKEwiA2qvH5_OGAxUHX0EAHUkhJq0QyM8BKAB6BAgNEAI&usg=AOvVaw1xrDFRYeKUzdGjZnG6mDTb</nowiki></ref>. Tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita dubu saba'in da shida da Dari uku da sittin da uku (76,363 ), da yawan jama’a kimanin miliyan uku da dubu dari tara da hamsin da hudu Du da dari bakwai da saba'in da biyu, kidayar yawan jama'a na shekara ta dubu biyu da shida(2006).Babban birnin jahar shine [[Minna]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://sunnewsonline.com/nigerian-army-inter-brigade-competition-ends-in-minna/&ved=2ahUKEwiDv4KH6POGAxVKZ0EAHRHKAaUQxfQBKAB6BAgFEAE&usg=AOvVaw1Sd164NNdIpTAPVRMOfJq2</nowiki></ref>. Jihar [[Neja]] na cikin jihohi talatin da shida 36, na Najeriya Takenta shi ne '"''Power State"''' saboda tana da madatsun ruwa guda uku (3) da ke samar da kusan kashi saba'in 70% na wutar lantarkin [[Najeriya]]. ===Kafawa=== An kafa jihar Neja ne a ranar uku 3 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da shida 1976 daga rusasshiyar jihar Arewa maso Yamma a zamanin mulkin Janar [[Murtala Mohammed]].<ref>Federal Republic of Nigeria. (1976). ''States (Creation and Transitional Provisions) Decree No. 12 of 1976.'' Lagos, Nigeria: Government Printer.</ref> Jihar tana a shiyyar arewa ta tsakiya mai yanki mafi girma wanda ya kai kusan 80000km2, tare da kusan kashi saba'in 70% na gonaki da [[Noma a Najeriya|noma]]. Jihar Neja tana iyaka da Jihar [[Zamfara]] ta bangaren Arewa, Yamma da Jihar [[Kebbi]], Kudu da Jihar [[Kogi]], Kudu maso Yamma da Jihar [[Kwara]], Arewa maso Gabas da Jihar [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] da kuma Kudu maso Gabas da [[Abuja]]. Haka kuma jihar tana da iyaka ta kasa da kasa da jamhuriyar [[Benin]] tare da kananan hukumomin [[Agwara]] da [[Borgu (yanki)|Borgu]] zuwa Arewa maso Yamma.<ref>https://nigerstate.gov.ng</ref><ref>''Annual Abstract of Statistics'', 2021 Edition. Abuja, Nigeria.</ref> Jahar ta Neja tana da manyan mutane da dama wadanda suka rike manyan mukamai a kasar Najeriya sannan jiha ce wacce ta ke da tsofaffin shugabannin kasa na Najeriya har guda biyu a lokacin mulkin soja, wato [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]] (IBB) mai ritaya da kuma [[Abdulsalami Abubakar|Abdusalami Abubakar]] mai ritaya dukkaninsu mutanan Jahar ta Neja ne.<ref>"Kainji Lake National Park". United Nations Environment Programme: World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 21 October 2010.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-58791596|date=4 October 2021|accessdate=10 October 2021|publisher=[[BBC]]|title= Boko Haram ta mamaye garuruwa da dama a jihar Neja}}</ref><ref>keetu (15 September 2018). "List of Accredited Courses Offered in Poly Zungeru (Niger State Polytechnic Zungeru)". Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref> ==Manyan kananan hukomomin Jahar== Manyan kananan hukumomin Jahar su ne kamar haka: [[Chanchaga]], Bosso da kuma kananan hukumomin [[Bidda]], [[Suleja]] da kuma [[Kontagora]].<ref>Ibeh, Royal (28 December 2022). "Baro Inland Port: Shippers Council Reopens Niger Area Office". Leadership. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</ref> ==Yarukan Jahar.== Manyan yarukan jihar sun haka ne da [[Nupe|Nufanchi]], [[Hausa]], Gbagi da kuma [[turanci]] inda yankunan Bidda da Agaie da kuma Lapai, Mokwa suka fi yawan masu amfani da yaren Nufanci, Yankin Kontagora, Kagara, Mariga, Mashegu Rijau, Suleja suke da mafi rinjayen masu amfani da yarukan Hausa. Paikoro, Chanchaga, Bosso, Edati da dai sauransu suna amfani da saura yarukan a matsayin masu rinjaye.<ref>vanguard (17 March 2017). "Crude oil deposits found in Bida basin in Niger State". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</ref> [[File:Nigerian Male Processing Yam for Food.jpg|thumb|al'adar daka doya a jihar Niger]] ==Tarihi.== Akwai wuraren tarihi sosai a jahar ta Neja musamman a garin Zungeru inda kuma a nan ne turawan Yamma suka saka hannu domin hadewan Najeriya kasa daya daga sauran yankuna sannan a wannan garin ne gwamnan farko na Najeriya ya yada zango a matsayin hedikwata gareshi. Alhaji ''Umar Farouk Bahago'' shi ne sarkin Minna. Jihar Neja tana da iyaka da misalin jahohi shida, sune: [[Abuja|Babban birnin tarayya]], [[Kwara]], [[Kogi]], [[Kaduna]](jiha)| Kaduna]], [[Kebbi]] kuma da [[Zamfara]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Niger-state-Nigeria|title=Niger &#124; state, Nigeria |website=www.britannica.com}}</ref> ===Gwamnoni.=== [[Fayil:Assistance to Niger state farmer 15.jpg|thumb]] Jerin sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Neja. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Niger_State ==Kananan Hukumomi.== Jihar Neja tana da [[kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan Hukumomi]] guda ashirin da biyar (25). Sune: *[[Agaie]] *[[Agwara]] *[[Bida]] *[[Borgu]] *[[Bosso, Nigeria|Bosso]] *[[Chanchaga]] *[[Edati]] *[[Gbako]] *[[Gurara]] *[[Katcha, Nigeria|Katcha]] *[[Kontagora]] *[[Lapai]] *[[Lavun]] *[[Magama, Nigeria|Magama]] *[[Mariga, Nigeria|Mariga]] *[[Mashegu]] *[[Mokwa]] *[[Munya, Nigeria|Munya]] *[[Paikoro]] *[[Rafi, Nigeria|Rafi]] *[[Rijau]] *[[Shiroro]] *[[Suleja]] *[[Tafa]] *[[Wushishi]] == Ilimi. == Jihar Neja na da manyan jami'oi na ilimi wadanda suka hada da: === Jami'o'i a jihar Neja === * Federal Polytechnic, Bida<ref>Keetu (19 August 2017). "List Of Accredited Courses,Offered In Federal Polytechnic Bida (Fed Poly Bida)". Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref><br /> * [[Federal University of Technology, Minna|Federal University of Technology Minna]]<ref>https://schoolings.org/list-of-accredited-courses-offered-in-federal-polytechnic-bida-fed-poly-bida/</ref> * [[Niger State Polytechnic|Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru]].<ref>"Updated List of Courses Offered In FUTMINNA forJAMB 2021,Registration". ''O3schools''. 5 March 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref>. * [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University]] Lapai<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/ibb-university-vc-visits-oil-exploration-site-at-gulu-commends-nnpc/</ref> * Federal College of Education Kontagora<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/provost-fce-kotangora-bags-kidcs-award-of-grand-commander-of-intellectual-discourse/</ref> * Niger State College of Nursing Bida<ref>"Niger State School of Nursing Gets Full Accreditation – THISDAYLIVE"</ref> * School of Basic Midwifery Minna<ref>"Niger State School of Nursing Gets Full Accreditation – THISDAYLIVE"</ref> * Government Technical College Eyagi, Bida<ref>"Eyagi Community jubilates as Government Technical College in Bida, Niger State receives furniture from MTN Foundation"</ref> * Government Technical College Minna<ref>https://gazettengr.com/buhari-regime-spends-n106-million-to-construct-college-hall-in-minna/</ref> * Government Technical College Bussa * Niger State College of Education Minna<ref>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=641d41f52c8c259dJmltdHM9MTcxOTI3MzYwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTE5Mg&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=niger+stae+college+of+education+minna&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9jb2VtaW5uYS5lZHUubmcv&ntb=1</ref> * New Gate College of Health Science and Technology Minna ==== Sanannun Mutane. ==== Sanannun mutane na jihar Neja sun hada da : * Mohammed Umar Bago, gomnan jihar * Sheikh Ahmed Abdullah<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Ahmed_Abdullah</ref>, tsohon ministan noma == Yaruka. == An jero yarukan jihar Neja dangane da ƙananan hukumomin da ake amfani da su;<ref>"Nigeria". ''Ethnologue'' (22 ed.). Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Nigeria". Ethnologue (22 ed.). Retrieved 10 January 2020</ref> {| class="wikitable" !LGA !Languages |- |Agaie |[[Nupe language|Nupe]], [[Dibo language|Dibo]]; [[Kakanda language|Kakanda]]; |- |Agwara |[[Shingini language|Cishingini]] |- |Bida |Nupe, BassaNge, [[Gwari language|Gbari]] |- |Borgu |[[Busa language (Mande)|Busa]], Bisã; [[Boko language|Boko]]; Cishingini; [[Laru language|Laru]]; [[Reshe language|Reshe]] |- |Chanchaga |[[Basa-Gumna language|Basa-Gumna]]; Bassa-Gurmana; Gbagyi; Gbari; Nupe; [[Kamuku languages|Kamuku]]; [[Jijili language|Tanjijili]] |- |Edati |Nupe, BassaNge |- |Gbako |Nupe |- |Gurara |[[Gwandara language|Gwandara]], Gbagyi |- |Katcha |Nupe, Dibo; [[Kupa language|Kupa]] |- |Kontagora |Acipa, Eastern; [[Asu language (Nigeria)|Asu]]; [[Shingini language|Tsishingini]]; [[Vadi language|Tsuvadi]] |- |Lapai |Nupe, Dibo; Gbari; [[Gupa-Abawa language|Gupa-Abawa]]; Kakanda; Kami; |- |Magama |[[Lopa language|Lopa]]; [[Kimba language|Tsikimba]]; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi |- |Mariga |[[Baangi language|Baangi]]; [[Basa-Kontagora language|Bassa-Kontagora]]; [[Cipu language|Cicipu]]; [[Kamuku languages|Kamuku]]; Nupe; Rogo; [[Shama language|Shama-Sambuga]]; Tsikimba; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi |- |Mashegu |Asu; Tsikimba; Tsishingini; Nupe-Tako |- |Minna |Nupe; Gbari; Gbagyi |- |Mokwa |Nupe, Yoruba; Gbari |- |Munya |Adara |- |Paikoro |Gbari; Kadara |- |Rafi |Basa-Gurmana; Bauchi; Cahungwarya; Fungwa; Gbagyi; Gbari; Kamuku; Pangu; Rogo; Shama-Sambuga |- |Rijau |Fulani; C'Lela; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi; ut-Hun |- |Shiroro |Gbagyi; Gurmana; Bassa |- |Suleja |Gbagyi; Gbari; Gwandara; Nupe; Tanjijili |- |Wushishi |Hausa; Nupe; Gbari |} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] == Manazarta. == {{reflist|2}} {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}} htxwilthixhvhlxrr1y189dpwcjs4ue 863165 863164 2026-06-21T14:48:51Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Minna,Niger state City gate.jpg|thumb|Jihar niger]] [[Fayil:Assistance to Niger state farmer 21.jpg|thumb|Mataimakin manomin naija]] [[Fayil:Niger state flag.png|thumb|Tambarin jihar]] [[File:Zuma rock niger state Uku 3( on transit ).jpg|thumb|Dutsen Zuma kenan na jikin Naira dubu dake a niger]] [[File:Nigerian number plate Niger.jpg|thumb|Lambar mota kenan ta niger]] [[File:Babbar kofar shiga makarantar poly ta Neja.jpg|thumb|babbar Kofar makarantar kimiyya da fasaha ]] '''Jihar Neja''' Jaha ce dake [[Arewacin Najeriya|Arewa]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1598691-taaddanci-a-najeriya-za-a-fara-taron-tsaro-na-arewa-maso-yamma-a-katsina/&ved=2ahUKEwiWkobo5_OGAxWZV0EAHQHRClkQxfQBKAB6BAgLEAI&usg=AOvVaw10dbpVxzvnqTlelv3kJ-tv</nowiki></ref> ta tsakiyar [[Najeriya]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/06/labour-to-govs-on-minimum-wage-retrieve-nigeria-from-state-of-resentment-misery/amp/&ved=2ahUKEwiA2qvH5_OGAxUHX0EAHUkhJq0QyM8BKAB6BAgNEAI&usg=AOvVaw1xrDFRYeKUzdGjZnG6mDTb</nowiki></ref>. Tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita dubu saba'in da shida da Dari uku da sittin da uku (76,363 ), da yawan jama’a kimanin miliyan uku da dubu dari tara da hamsin da hudu Du da dari bakwai da saba'in da biyu, kidayar yawan jama'a na shekara ta dubu biyu da shida(2006).Babban birnin jahar shine [[Minna]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://sunnewsonline.com/nigerian-army-inter-brigade-competition-ends-in-minna/&ved=2ahUKEwiDv4KH6POGAxVKZ0EAHRHKAaUQxfQBKAB6BAgFEAE&usg=AOvVaw1Sd164NNdIpTAPVRMOfJq2</nowiki></ref>. Jihar [[Neja]] na cikin jihohi talatin da shida 36, na Najeriya Takenta shi ne '"''Power State"''' saboda tana da madatsun ruwa guda uku (3) da ke samar da kusan kashi saba'in 70% na wutar lantarkin [[Najeriya]]. ===Kafawa=== An kafa jihar Neja ne a ranar uku 3 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da shida 1976 daga rusasshiyar jihar Arewa maso Yamma a zamanin mulkin Janar [[Murtala Mohammed]].<ref>Federal Republic of Nigeria. (1976). ''States (Creation and Transitional Provisions) Decree No. 12 of 1976.'' Lagos, Nigeria: Government Printer.</ref> Jihar tana a shiyyar arewa ta tsakiya mai yanki mafi girma wanda ya kai kusan 80000km2, tare da kusan kashi saba'in 70% na gonaki da [[Noma a Najeriya|noma]]. Jihar Neja tana iyaka da Jihar [[Zamfara]] ta bangaren Arewa, Yamma da Jihar [[Kebbi]], Kudu da Jihar [[Kogi]], Kudu maso Yamma da Jihar [[Kwara]], Arewa maso Gabas da Jihar [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] da kuma Kudu maso Gabas da [[Abuja]]. Haka kuma jihar tana da iyaka ta kasa da kasa da jamhuriyar [[Benin]] tare da kananan hukumomin [[Agwara]] da [[Borgu (yanki)|Borgu]] zuwa Arewa maso Yamma.<ref>https://nigerstate.gov.ng</ref><ref>''Annual Abstract of Statistics'', 2021 Edition. Abuja, Nigeria.</ref> Jahar ta Neja tana da manyan mutane da dama wadanda suka rike manyan mukamai a kasar Najeriya sannan jiha ce wacce ta ke da tsofaffin shugabannin kasa na Najeriya har guda biyu a lokacin mulkin soja, wato [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]] (IBB) mai ritaya da kuma [[Abdulsalami Abubakar|Abdusalami Abubakar]] mai ritaya dukkaninsu mutanan Jahar ta Neja ne.<ref>"Kainji Lake National Park". United Nations Environment Programme: World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 21 October 2010.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-58791596|date=4 October 2021|accessdate=10 October 2021|publisher=[[BBC]]|title= Boko Haram ta mamaye garuruwa da dama a jihar Neja}}</ref><ref>keetu (15 September 2018). "List of Accredited Courses Offered in Poly Zungeru (Niger State Polytechnic Zungeru)". Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref> ==Manyan kananan hukomomin Jahar== Manyan kananan hukumomin Jahar su ne kamar haka: [[Chanchaga]], Bosso da kuma kananan hukumomin [[Bidda]], [[Suleja]] da kuma [[Kontagora]].<ref>Ibeh, Royal (28 December 2022). "Baro Inland Port: Shippers Council Reopens Niger Area Office". Leadership. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</ref> ==Yarukan Jahar.== Manyan yarukan jihar sun haka ne da [[Nupe|Nufanchi]], [[Hausa]], Gbagi da kuma [[turanci]] inda yankunan Bidda da Agaie da kuma Lapai, Mokwa suka fi yawan masu amfani da yaren Nufanci, Yankin Kontagora, Kagara, Mariga, Mashegu Rijau, Suleja suke da mafi rinjayen masu amfani da yarukan Hausa. Paikoro, Chanchaga, Bosso, Edati da dai sauransu suna amfani da saura yarukan a matsayin masu rinjaye.<ref>vanguard (17 March 2017). "Crude oil deposits found in Bida basin in Niger State". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 5 January 2023.</ref> [[File:Nigerian Male Processing Yam for Food.jpg|thumb|al'adar daka doya a jihar Niger]] ==Tarihi.== Akwai wuraren tarihi sosai a jahar ta Neja musamman a garin Zungeru inda kuma a nan ne turawan Yamma suka saka hannu domin hadewan Najeriya kasa daya daga sauran yankuna sannan a wannan garin ne gwamnan farko na Najeriya ya yada zango a matsayin hedikwata gareshi. Alhaji ''Umar Farouk Bahago'' shi ne sarkin Minna. Jihar Neja tana da iyaka da misalin jahohi shida, sune: [[Abuja|Babban birnin tarayya]], [[Kwara]], [[Kogi]], [[Kaduna]](jiha)| Kaduna]], [[Kebbi]] kuma da [[Zamfara]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Niger-state-Nigeria|title=Niger &#124; state, Nigeria |website=www.britannica.com}}</ref> ===Gwamnoni.=== [[Fayil:Assistance to Niger state farmer 15.jpg|thumb]] Jerin sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Neja. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Niger_State ==Kananan Hukumomi.== Jihar Neja tana da [[kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|kananan Hukumomi]] guda ashirin da biyar (25). Sune: *[[Agaie]] *[[Agwara]] *[[Bida]] *[[Borgu]] *[[Bosso, Nigeria|Bosso]] *[[Chanchaga]] *[[Edati]] *[[Gbako]] *[[Gurara]] *[[Katcha, Nigeria|Katcha]] *[[Kontagora]] *[[Lapai]] *[[Lavun]] *[[Magama, Nigeria|Magama]] *[[Mariga, Nigeria|Mariga]] *[[Mashegu]] *[[Mokwa]] *[[Munya, Nigeria|Munya]] *[[Paikoro]] *[[Rafi, Nigeria|Rafi]] *[[Rijau]] *[[Shiroro]] *[[Suleja]] *[[Tafa]] *[[Wushishi]] == Ilimi. == Jihar Neja na da manyan jami'oi na ilimi wadanda suka hada da: === Jami'o'i a jihar Neja === * Federal Polytechnic, Bida<ref>Keetu (19 August 2017). "List Of Accredited Courses,Offered In Federal Polytechnic Bida (Fed Poly Bida)". Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref><br /> * [[Federal University of Technology, Minna|Federal University of Technology Minna]]<ref>https://schoolings.org/list-of-accredited-courses-offered-in-federal-polytechnic-bida-fed-poly-bida/</ref> * [[Niger State Polytechnic|Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru]].<ref>"Updated List of Courses Offered In FUTMINNA forJAMB 2021,Registration". ''O3schools''. 5 March 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref>. * [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University]] Lapai<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/ibb-university-vc-visits-oil-exploration-site-at-gulu-commends-nnpc/</ref> * Federal College of Education Kontagora<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/provost-fce-kotangora-bags-kidcs-award-of-grand-commander-of-intellectual-discourse/</ref> * Niger State College of Nursing Bida<ref>"Niger State School of Nursing Gets Full Accreditation – THISDAYLIVE"</ref> * School of Basic Midwifery Minna<ref>"Niger State School of Nursing Gets Full Accreditation – THISDAYLIVE"</ref> * Government Technical College Eyagi, Bida<ref>"Eyagi Community jubilates as Government Technical College in Bida, Niger State receives furniture from MTN Foundation"</ref> * Government Technical College Minna<ref>https://gazettengr.com/buhari-regime-spends-n106-million-to-construct-college-hall-in-minna/</ref> * Government Technical College Bussa * Niger State College of Education Minna<ref>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=641d41f52c8c259dJmltdHM9MTcxOTI3MzYwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTE5Mg&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=niger+stae+college+of+education+minna&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9jb2VtaW5uYS5lZHUubmcv&ntb=1</ref> * New Gate College of Health Science and Technology Minna ==== Sanannun Mutane. ==== Sanannun mutane na jihar Neja sun hada da : * Mohammed Umar Bago, gomnan jihar * Sheikh Ahmed Abdullah<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Ahmed_Abdullah</ref>, tsohon ministan noma<ref>"Climate: Niger in Nigeria". Worlddata.info. Retrieved 3 December 2022</ref> == Yaruka. == An jero yarukan jihar Neja dangane da ƙananan hukumomin da ake amfani da su;<ref>"Nigeria". ''Ethnologue'' (22 ed.). Retrieved 26 August 2021.</ref><ref>"Nigeria". Ethnologue (22 ed.). Retrieved 10 January 2020</ref> {| class="wikitable" !LGA !Languages |- |Agaie |[[Nupe language|Nupe]], [[Dibo language|Dibo]]; [[Kakanda language|Kakanda]]; |- |Agwara |[[Shingini language|Cishingini]] |- |Bida |Nupe, BassaNge, [[Gwari language|Gbari]] |- |Borgu |[[Busa language (Mande)|Busa]], Bisã; [[Boko language|Boko]]; Cishingini; [[Laru language|Laru]]; [[Reshe language|Reshe]] |- |Chanchaga |[[Basa-Gumna language|Basa-Gumna]]; Bassa-Gurmana; Gbagyi; Gbari; Nupe; [[Kamuku languages|Kamuku]]; [[Jijili language|Tanjijili]] |- |Edati |Nupe, BassaNge |- |Gbako |Nupe |- |Gurara |[[Gwandara language|Gwandara]], Gbagyi |- |Katcha |Nupe, Dibo; [[Kupa language|Kupa]] |- |Kontagora |Acipa, Eastern; [[Asu language (Nigeria)|Asu]]; [[Shingini language|Tsishingini]]; [[Vadi language|Tsuvadi]] |- |Lapai |Nupe, Dibo; Gbari; [[Gupa-Abawa language|Gupa-Abawa]]; Kakanda; Kami; |- |Magama |[[Lopa language|Lopa]]; [[Kimba language|Tsikimba]]; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi |- |Mariga |[[Baangi language|Baangi]]; [[Basa-Kontagora language|Bassa-Kontagora]]; [[Cipu language|Cicipu]]; [[Kamuku languages|Kamuku]]; Nupe; Rogo; [[Shama language|Shama-Sambuga]]; Tsikimba; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi |- |Mashegu |Asu; Tsikimba; Tsishingini; Nupe-Tako |- |Minna |Nupe; Gbari; Gbagyi |- |Mokwa |Nupe, Yoruba; Gbari |- |Munya |Adara |- |Paikoro |Gbari; Kadara |- |Rafi |Basa-Gurmana; Bauchi; Cahungwarya; Fungwa; Gbagyi; Gbari; Kamuku; Pangu; Rogo; Shama-Sambuga |- |Rijau |Fulani; C'Lela; Tsishingini; Tsuvadi; ut-Hun |- |Shiroro |Gbagyi; Gurmana; Bassa |- |Suleja |Gbagyi; Gbari; Gwandara; Nupe; Tanjijili |- |Wushishi |Hausa; Nupe; Gbari |} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] == Manazarta. == {{reflist|2}} {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}} jq4psuyzcq8xdlths6vw9r84qaeqsqh 0 7103 863633 484670 2026-06-22T05:40:09Z Nura Bello 24854 863633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{hujja}} [[File:Boston Montage.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Boston.]] '''Boston''' (lafazi: /boseton/) birni ne, da ke cikin jihar [[Massachusetts]], a ƙasar [[Tarayyar Amurka]]. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2017, jimilar mutane 687,584 (dubu dari shida da tamanin da bakwai da dari bakwai da tamanin da huɗu). An gina birnin Boston a shekara ta 1630. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:2017_Prudential_Skywalk_-_Longfellow_Bridge,_Charles_River_Dam_(NNE).jpg|Gadar Longfellow File:Charles_Street_Jail_-_IMG_3873.jpg|Gidan Yarin Suffolk County File:Boston_from_Bunker_Hill_Monument_20190927_111351.jpg|view from bunkerhill monument File:Boston_Public_Garden_2.JPG|Lambun Jama'a na Boston File:USS_Constitution_fires_its_cannons_as_it_is_tugged_through_Boston_Harbor._(51200023793)_(cropped).jpg|USS Constitution File:Emmanuel_Church_(Boston)_-_DSC08191.JPG|Cocin Emmanuel, Boston File:BPLCopleyWest.JPG|Dakin karatu na jama'a, Boston File:Boston_marathon_mile_25_beacon_street_050418.jpg|the 2005 Boston Marathon File:Boston_city_hall.jpg|Dakin taro na birnin Boston File:John_Hancock_Tower_Boston.jpg|Hasumiyar John Hancock, Boston File:Boston_-_Skyline_(48718902556).jpg|Downtown Boston skyline </gallery> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Boston}} [[Category:Biranen Tarayyar Amurka]] g8g5g1nnws8hjnvxw0k9mpfcinw4tf7 0 7105 863631 745048 2026-06-22T05:39:03Z Nura Bello 24854 863631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Montage_Columbus_1.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Columbus.]] '''Columbus''' (lafazi: /kolembes/) birni ne, da ke cikin jihar [[Ohio]], a ƙasar [[Tarayyar Amurka]]. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2016, jimilar mutane 860,090 (dubu dari takwas da sittin da tisa'in). An gina birnin Columbus a shekara ta 1812. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:National_Veterans_Memorial_and_Museum_from_Rhodes_Tower_2018.jpg|The current Veterans Memorial building File:Columbus Ohio Short North Arches.jpg|The Short North, High Street File:ColumbusOhio24.jpg|Birnin File:Columbus-ohio-nationwide-arena.jpg|Nationwide Arena File:View_of_Downtown_Columbus_Ohio_OH_from_North_Bank_Park_Pavillion_on_Scioto_River.jpg|View of downtown from North Bank Park on the Scioto River File:Columbus-ohio-city-hall.jpg|Dakin taro na ohio, Columbus File:Main_Library_aerials.jpg|Dakin karatu, aerials, Columbus File:Columbus-ohio-aep-building.jpg|Hedkwatar AEP File:Downtown_Columbus_View_from_Main_St_Bridge.jpg|Downtown, Columbus </gallery> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Columbus}} [[Category:Biranen Tarayyar Amurka]] fj5kkqrsgevc4zi67swvsv8bqlrqtzc 0 7125 863444 491196 2026-06-21T19:21:32Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Etymology" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358657337|Karachi]]" 863444 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Karachimontage.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Karachi.]] '''Karachi''' ko '''Bombay''' birni ne, da ke a yankin [[Sindh]], a kasar [[Pakistan]]. Shi ne babban birnin tattalin arzikin Pakistan. Bisa ga kidayar jama'a a shekarar 2017, jimilar mutane kimanin 14,910,352 (miliyan sha hudu da dubu dari tara da goma da dari uku da hamsin da biyu). An gina birnin Karachi a karni na sha takwas bayan haihuwan annabi Issa. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Coast_of_Karachi_construction.jpg|&mGaɓar Tekun birnin File:Karachi,_Furniture_Market_Near_10_%5E_Liaqutabad_-_panoramio.jpg|Kasuwar Katako ta Karachi File:Aga_Khan_University_.jpg|Jami'ar Aga Khan, Karachi File:Karachi-Terminal-00138.JPG|Filin jirgin Sama na birnin Karachi File:PK_Karachi_asv2020-02_img46_container_port.jpg|Karachi, Port File:Karachi_downtown.jpeg|Karachi, downtown File:Mazare_Quaid.JPEG|Mazare Quaid, Karachi File:Sehwan_Sharif_-_Tomb_of_Lal_Shahbaz_Qalandar.jpg|Sehwan_Sharif Tomb of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar File:Nagan_Ch_Karachi.jpg|Nagan Ch, Karachi File:Kemari_Boat_Basin_@_Karachi_(cropped).jpg|Kemari boat basin, Karachi File:Empress_Market_Saddar_Karachi_cropped.jpg|Kasuwar Shaddar, Karachi File:Creek_Marina_Club_Karachi.jpeg|Creek Marina Club, Karachi File:Native_Jetty_Bridge_Karachi.jpg|Gadar Native Jetty, Karachi </gallery> == Etimology == An ce an kafa birnin Karachi na zamani a shekara ta 1729 a matsayin ƙauyen Kolachi-jo-Goth a lokacin mulkin daular Kalhora. Sabon ƙauyen an ce an sanya masa suna ne domin girmama wata mata mai suna Mai Kolachi, wadda ɗanta ya kashe wani mugun kada mai cin mutane a ƙauyen bayan ya kashe manyan ’yan’uwansa biyu. ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Karachi}} [[Category:Biranen Pakistan]] hrdg6qm845sss62ndzmo6ri3j6f103c 863460 863444 2026-06-21T19:39:52Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "History" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358657337|Karachi]]" 863460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Karachimontage.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Karachi.]] '''Karachi''' ko '''Bombay''' birni ne, da ke a yankin [[Sindh]], a kasar [[Pakistan]]. Shi ne babban birnin tattalin arzikin Pakistan. Bisa ga kidayar jama'a a shekarar 2017, jimilar mutane kimanin 14,910,352 (miliyan sha hudu da dubu dari tara da goma da dari uku da hamsin da biyu). An gina birnin Karachi a karni na sha takwas bayan haihuwan annabi Issa. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Coast_of_Karachi_construction.jpg|&mGaɓar Tekun birnin File:Karachi,_Furniture_Market_Near_10_%5E_Liaqutabad_-_panoramio.jpg|Kasuwar Katako ta Karachi File:Aga_Khan_University_.jpg|Jami'ar Aga Khan, Karachi File:Karachi-Terminal-00138.JPG|Filin jirgin Sama na birnin Karachi File:PK_Karachi_asv2020-02_img46_container_port.jpg|Karachi, Port File:Karachi_downtown.jpeg|Karachi, downtown File:Mazare_Quaid.JPEG|Mazare Quaid, Karachi File:Sehwan_Sharif_-_Tomb_of_Lal_Shahbaz_Qalandar.jpg|Sehwan_Sharif Tomb of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar File:Nagan_Ch_Karachi.jpg|Nagan Ch, Karachi File:Kemari_Boat_Basin_@_Karachi_(cropped).jpg|Kemari boat basin, Karachi File:Empress_Market_Saddar_Karachi_cropped.jpg|Kasuwar Shaddar, Karachi File:Creek_Marina_Club_Karachi.jpeg|Creek Marina Club, Karachi File:Native_Jetty_Bridge_Karachi.jpg|Gadar Native Jetty, Karachi </gallery> == Etimology == An ce an kafa birnin Karachi na zamani a shekara ta 1729 a matsayin ƙauyen Kolachi-jo-Goth a lokacin mulkin daular Kalhora. Sabon ƙauyen an ce an sanya masa suna ne domin girmama wata mata mai suna Mai Kolachi, wadda ɗanta ya kashe wani mugun kada mai cin mutane a ƙauyen bayan ya kashe manyan ’yan’uwansa biyu. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:PK_Chaukhandi_Necropolis_near_Karachi_asv2020-02_img08.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Chaukhandi na ƙarni na 15 zuwa 18 wani wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.]] A karkashin Mirza Ghazi Beg, mai kula da [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] na Sindh, an karfafa ci gaban Sindh na bakin teku da [[Kogin Indus Delta]]. A karkashin mulkinsa, ganuwar da ke yankin ta yi aiki a matsayin kariya ga hare-haren [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]] zuwa Sindh. A cikin 1553-54, [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, ya ambaci wani karamin tashar jiragen ruwa a bakin tekun Sindh da sunan ''Kaurashi'' wanda watakila Karachi ne.<ref>{{Cite book|last2=Sheila Blair}}</ref> An gina kaburbura na Chaukhandi a cikin unguwanni na zamani na Karachi a wannan lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 15 da 18. [[Fayil:Manora_Beach,_Karachi_Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Manora Fort, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1797 don kare Karachi, Birtaniya ta kama shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1839 kuma ta inganta 1888-1889.{{Spaces}}]] An gina sabon ƙauye a cikin 1729 a shafin ''Dibro'', wanda aka fi sani da ''''Kolachi''-jo-Goth'' ("Ƙauyen Kolachi). An ce an sanya sunan sabon ƙauyen ne don girmama Mai Kolachi, mazaunin tsohuwar ƙauyen wanda aka ce ɗansa ya kashe ɗan kifi mai cin mutum.<ref name="Studies on Karachi" /> Kolachi yana da kimanin hekta 40 (acre 99) a girman, tare da wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan kamun kifi da aka warwatsa a kusa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa sabon sansanin sun kasance Sindhi Baniyas, kuma an ce sun zo ne daga garin Kharak Bandar da ke kusa bayan tashar jiragen ruwa ta lalace a cikin 1728 bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. A shekara ta 1729, an gina wani sabon ƙauye a wurin da ake kira Dibro, wanda daga baya aka sani da Kolachi-jo-Goth ma'ana "Ƙauyen Kolachi". A cikin 1799 ko 1800, wanda ya kafa daular Talpur, Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ya ba da izinin Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a ƙarƙashin Nathan Crow don kafa wurin kasuwanci a Karachi. An ba shi izinin gina masa gida a Karachi a wannan lokacin, amma a shekara ta 1802 an umarce shi da ya bar birnin. Birnin ya ci gaba da mulkin Talpurs har sai sojojin da ke karkashin umurnin John Keane suka mamaye shi a watan Fabrairun 1839.{{Sfn|Laurent Gayer|2014}} [[Fayil:A_street_in_Old_Town,_Karachi,_India._Photograph,_1897._Wellcome_V0029261.jpg|thumb|Hoton 1897 na titin Rampart Row na Karachi a Mithadar]] [[Fayil:Mules_Mansion_01.jpg|thumb|Mules Mansion]] [[Fayil:Frere_Hall_Karachi._Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Wasu daga cikin sanannun gine-ginen Karachi, kamar su Frere Hall, sun fito ne daga Birtaniya Raj.]] [[Fayil:Karachi_Municipal_Corporation_(KMC)_Head_Office_at_M.A_Jinnah_Road_-_Photo_By_Aliraza_Khatri.jpg|alt=|thumb|Karachi yana da misalai da yawa na gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic na mulkin mallaka, kamar Ginin KMC .]] ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Karachi}} [[Category:Biranen Pakistan]] 3j09x4genhj99tdvvagr21yyop636bq 863461 863460 2026-06-21T19:40:02Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "History" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358657337|Karachi]]" 863461 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Karachimontage.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Karachi.]] '''Karachi''' ko '''Bombay''' birni ne, da ke a yankin [[Sindh]], a kasar [[Pakistan]]. Shi ne babban birnin tattalin arzikin Pakistan. Bisa ga kidayar jama'a a shekarar 2017, jimilar mutane kimanin 14,910,352 (miliyan sha hudu da dubu dari tara da goma da dari uku da hamsin da biyu). An gina birnin Karachi a karni na sha takwas bayan haihuwan annabi Issa. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Coast_of_Karachi_construction.jpg|&mGaɓar Tekun birnin File:Karachi,_Furniture_Market_Near_10_%5E_Liaqutabad_-_panoramio.jpg|Kasuwar Katako ta Karachi File:Aga_Khan_University_.jpg|Jami'ar Aga Khan, Karachi File:Karachi-Terminal-00138.JPG|Filin jirgin Sama na birnin Karachi File:PK_Karachi_asv2020-02_img46_container_port.jpg|Karachi, Port File:Karachi_downtown.jpeg|Karachi, downtown File:Mazare_Quaid.JPEG|Mazare Quaid, Karachi File:Sehwan_Sharif_-_Tomb_of_Lal_Shahbaz_Qalandar.jpg|Sehwan_Sharif Tomb of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar File:Nagan_Ch_Karachi.jpg|Nagan Ch, Karachi File:Kemari_Boat_Basin_@_Karachi_(cropped).jpg|Kemari boat basin, Karachi File:Empress_Market_Saddar_Karachi_cropped.jpg|Kasuwar Shaddar, Karachi File:Creek_Marina_Club_Karachi.jpeg|Creek Marina Club, Karachi File:Native_Jetty_Bridge_Karachi.jpg|Gadar Native Jetty, Karachi </gallery> == Etimology == An ce an kafa birnin Karachi na zamani a shekara ta 1729 a matsayin ƙauyen Kolachi-jo-Goth a lokacin mulkin daular Kalhora. Sabon ƙauyen an ce an sanya masa suna ne domin girmama wata mata mai suna Mai Kolachi, wadda ɗanta ya kashe wani mugun kada mai cin mutane a ƙauyen bayan ya kashe manyan ’yan’uwansa biyu. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:PK_Chaukhandi_Necropolis_near_Karachi_asv2020-02_img08.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Chaukhandi na ƙarni na 15 zuwa 18 wani wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.]] A karkashin Mirza Ghazi Beg, mai kula da [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] na Sindh, an karfafa ci gaban Sindh na bakin teku da [[Kogin Indus Delta]]. A karkashin mulkinsa, ganuwar da ke yankin ta yi aiki a matsayin kariya ga hare-haren [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]] zuwa Sindh. A cikin 1553-54, [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, ya ambaci wani karamin tashar jiragen ruwa a bakin tekun Sindh da sunan ''Kaurashi'' wanda watakila Karachi ne.<ref>{{Cite book|last2=Sheila Blair}}</ref> An gina kaburbura na Chaukhandi a cikin unguwanni na zamani na Karachi a wannan lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 15 da 18. [[Fayil:Manora_Beach,_Karachi_Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Manora Fort, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1797 don kare Karachi, Birtaniya ta kama shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1839 kuma ta inganta 1888-1889.{{Spaces}}]] An gina sabon ƙauye a cikin 1729 a shafin ''Dibro'', wanda aka fi sani da ''''Kolachi''-jo-Goth'' ("Ƙauyen Kolachi). An ce an sanya sunan sabon ƙauyen ne don girmama Mai Kolachi, mazaunin tsohuwar ƙauyen wanda aka ce ɗansa ya kashe ɗan kifi mai cin mutum.<ref name="Studies on Karachi" /> Kolachi yana da kimanin hekta 40 (acre 99) a girman, tare da wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan kamun kifi da aka warwatsa a kusa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa sabon sansanin sun kasance Sindhi Baniyas, kuma an ce sun zo ne daga garin Kharak Bandar da ke kusa bayan tashar jiragen ruwa ta lalace a cikin 1728 bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. A shekara ta 1729, an gina wani sabon ƙauye a wurin da ake kira Dibro, wanda daga baya aka sani da Kolachi-jo-Goth ma'ana "Ƙauyen Kolachi". A cikin 1799 ko 1800, wanda ya kafa daular Talpur, Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ya ba da izinin Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a ƙarƙashin Nathan Crow don kafa wurin kasuwanci a Karachi. An ba shi izinin gina masa gida a Karachi a wannan lokacin, amma a shekara ta 1802 an umarce shi da ya bar birnin. Birnin ya ci gaba da mulkin Talpurs har sai sojojin da ke karkashin umurnin John Keane suka mamaye shi a watan Fabrairun 1839.{{Sfn|Laurent Gayer|2014}} [[Fayil:A_street_in_Old_Town,_Karachi,_India._Photograph,_1897._Wellcome_V0029261.jpg|thumb|Hoton 1897 na titin Rampart Row na Karachi a Mithadar]] [[Fayil:Mules_Mansion_01.jpg|thumb|Mules Mansion]] [[Fayil:Frere_Hall_Karachi._Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Wasu daga cikin sanannun gine-ginen Karachi, kamar su Frere Hall, sun fito ne daga Birtaniya Raj.]] [[Fayil:Karachi_Municipal_Corporation_(KMC)_Head_Office_at_M.A_Jinnah_Road_-_Photo_By_Aliraza_Khatri.jpg|alt=|thumb|Karachi yana da misalai da yawa na gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic na mulkin mallaka, kamar Ginin KMC .]] == Tarihi == [[Fayil:PK_Chaukhandi_Necropolis_near_Karachi_asv2020-02_img08.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Chaukhandi na ƙarni na 15 zuwa 18 wani wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.]] A karkashin Mirza Ghazi Beg, mai kula da [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] na Sindh, an karfafa ci gaban Sindh na bakin teku da [[Kogin Indus Delta]]. A karkashin mulkinsa, ganuwar da ke yankin ta yi aiki a matsayin kariya ga hare-haren [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]] zuwa Sindh. A cikin 1553-54, [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, ya ambaci wani karamin tashar jiragen ruwa a bakin tekun Sindh da sunan ''Kaurashi'' wanda watakila Karachi ne.<ref>{{Cite book|last2=Sheila Blair}}</ref> An gina kaburbura na Chaukhandi a cikin unguwanni na zamani na Karachi a wannan lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 15 da 18. [[Fayil:Manora_Beach,_Karachi_Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Manora Fort, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1797 don kare Karachi, Birtaniya ta kama shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1839 kuma ta inganta 1888-1889.{{Spaces}}]] An gina sabon ƙauye a cikin 1729 a shafin ''Dibro'', wanda aka fi sani da ''''Kolachi''-jo-Goth'' ("Ƙauyen Kolachi). An ce an sanya sunan sabon ƙauyen ne don girmama Mai Kolachi, mazaunin tsohuwar ƙauyen wanda aka ce ɗansa ya kashe ɗan kifi mai cin mutum.<ref name="Studies on Karachi" /> Kolachi yana da kimanin hekta 40 (acre 99) a girman, tare da wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan kamun kifi da aka warwatsa a kusa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa sabon sansanin sun kasance Sindhi Baniyas, kuma an ce sun zo ne daga garin Kharak Bandar da ke kusa bayan tashar jiragen ruwa ta lalace a cikin 1728 bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. A shekara ta 1729, an gina wani sabon ƙauye a wurin da ake kira Dibro, wanda daga baya aka sani da Kolachi-jo-Goth ma'ana "Ƙauyen Kolachi". A cikin 1799 ko 1800, wanda ya kafa daular Talpur, Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ya ba da izinin Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a ƙarƙashin Nathan Crow don kafa wurin kasuwanci a Karachi. An ba shi izinin gina masa gida a Karachi a wannan lokacin, amma a shekara ta 1802 an umarce shi da ya bar birnin. Birnin ya ci gaba da mulkin Talpurs har sai sojojin da ke karkashin umurnin John Keane suka mamaye shi a watan Fabrairun 1839.{{Sfn|Laurent Gayer|2014}} [[Fayil:A_street_in_Old_Town,_Karachi,_India._Photograph,_1897._Wellcome_V0029261.jpg|thumb|Hoton 1897 na titin Rampart Row na Karachi a Mithadar]] [[Fayil:Mules_Mansion_01.jpg|thumb|Mules Mansion]] [[Fayil:Frere_Hall_Karachi._Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Wasu daga cikin sanannun gine-ginen Karachi, kamar su Frere Hall, sun fito ne daga Birtaniya Raj.]] [[Fayil:Karachi_Municipal_Corporation_(KMC)_Head_Office_at_M.A_Jinnah_Road_-_Photo_By_Aliraza_Khatri.jpg|alt=|thumb|Karachi yana da misalai da yawa na gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic na mulkin mallaka, kamar Ginin KMC .]] ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Karachi}} [[Category:Biranen Pakistan]] mxov9uxdw3jwte1bdjvmigc6uj4penv 863593 863461 2026-06-22T03:51:34Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Economy" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358657337|Karachi]]" 863593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Karachimontage.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Karachi.]] '''Karachi''' ko '''Bombay''' birni ne, da ke a yankin [[Sindh]], a kasar [[Pakistan]]. Shi ne babban birnin tattalin arzikin Pakistan. Bisa ga kidayar jama'a a shekarar 2017, jimilar mutane kimanin 14,910,352 (miliyan sha hudu da dubu dari tara da goma da dari uku da hamsin da biyu). An gina birnin Karachi a karni na sha takwas bayan haihuwan annabi Issa. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Coast_of_Karachi_construction.jpg|&mGaɓar Tekun birnin File:Karachi,_Furniture_Market_Near_10_%5E_Liaqutabad_-_panoramio.jpg|Kasuwar Katako ta Karachi File:Aga_Khan_University_.jpg|Jami'ar Aga Khan, Karachi File:Karachi-Terminal-00138.JPG|Filin jirgin Sama na birnin Karachi File:PK_Karachi_asv2020-02_img46_container_port.jpg|Karachi, Port File:Karachi_downtown.jpeg|Karachi, downtown File:Mazare_Quaid.JPEG|Mazare Quaid, Karachi File:Sehwan_Sharif_-_Tomb_of_Lal_Shahbaz_Qalandar.jpg|Sehwan_Sharif Tomb of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar File:Nagan_Ch_Karachi.jpg|Nagan Ch, Karachi File:Kemari_Boat_Basin_@_Karachi_(cropped).jpg|Kemari boat basin, Karachi File:Empress_Market_Saddar_Karachi_cropped.jpg|Kasuwar Shaddar, Karachi File:Creek_Marina_Club_Karachi.jpeg|Creek Marina Club, Karachi File:Native_Jetty_Bridge_Karachi.jpg|Gadar Native Jetty, Karachi </gallery> == Etimology == An ce an kafa birnin Karachi na zamani a shekara ta 1729 a matsayin ƙauyen Kolachi-jo-Goth a lokacin mulkin daular Kalhora. Sabon ƙauyen an ce an sanya masa suna ne domin girmama wata mata mai suna Mai Kolachi, wadda ɗanta ya kashe wani mugun kada mai cin mutane a ƙauyen bayan ya kashe manyan ’yan’uwansa biyu. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:PK_Chaukhandi_Necropolis_near_Karachi_asv2020-02_img08.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Chaukhandi na ƙarni na 15 zuwa 18 wani wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.]] A karkashin Mirza Ghazi Beg, mai kula da [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] na Sindh, an karfafa ci gaban Sindh na bakin teku da [[Kogin Indus Delta]]. A karkashin mulkinsa, ganuwar da ke yankin ta yi aiki a matsayin kariya ga hare-haren [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]] zuwa Sindh. A cikin 1553-54, [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, ya ambaci wani karamin tashar jiragen ruwa a bakin tekun Sindh da sunan ''Kaurashi'' wanda watakila Karachi ne.<ref>{{Cite book|last2=Sheila Blair}}</ref> An gina kaburbura na Chaukhandi a cikin unguwanni na zamani na Karachi a wannan lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 15 da 18. [[Fayil:Manora_Beach,_Karachi_Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Manora Fort, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1797 don kare Karachi, Birtaniya ta kama shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1839 kuma ta inganta 1888-1889.{{Spaces}}]] An gina sabon ƙauye a cikin 1729 a shafin ''Dibro'', wanda aka fi sani da ''''Kolachi''-jo-Goth'' ("Ƙauyen Kolachi). An ce an sanya sunan sabon ƙauyen ne don girmama Mai Kolachi, mazaunin tsohuwar ƙauyen wanda aka ce ɗansa ya kashe ɗan kifi mai cin mutum.<ref name="Studies on Karachi" /> Kolachi yana da kimanin hekta 40 (acre 99) a girman, tare da wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan kamun kifi da aka warwatsa a kusa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa sabon sansanin sun kasance Sindhi Baniyas, kuma an ce sun zo ne daga garin Kharak Bandar da ke kusa bayan tashar jiragen ruwa ta lalace a cikin 1728 bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. A shekara ta 1729, an gina wani sabon ƙauye a wurin da ake kira Dibro, wanda daga baya aka sani da Kolachi-jo-Goth ma'ana "Ƙauyen Kolachi". A cikin 1799 ko 1800, wanda ya kafa daular Talpur, Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ya ba da izinin Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a ƙarƙashin Nathan Crow don kafa wurin kasuwanci a Karachi. An ba shi izinin gina masa gida a Karachi a wannan lokacin, amma a shekara ta 1802 an umarce shi da ya bar birnin. Birnin ya ci gaba da mulkin Talpurs har sai sojojin da ke karkashin umurnin John Keane suka mamaye shi a watan Fabrairun 1839.{{Sfn|Laurent Gayer|2014}} [[Fayil:A_street_in_Old_Town,_Karachi,_India._Photograph,_1897._Wellcome_V0029261.jpg|thumb|Hoton 1897 na titin Rampart Row na Karachi a Mithadar]] [[Fayil:Mules_Mansion_01.jpg|thumb|Mules Mansion]] [[Fayil:Frere_Hall_Karachi._Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Wasu daga cikin sanannun gine-ginen Karachi, kamar su Frere Hall, sun fito ne daga Birtaniya Raj.]] [[Fayil:Karachi_Municipal_Corporation_(KMC)_Head_Office_at_M.A_Jinnah_Road_-_Photo_By_Aliraza_Khatri.jpg|alt=|thumb|Karachi yana da misalai da yawa na gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic na mulkin mallaka, kamar Ginin KMC .]] == Tarihi == [[Fayil:PK_Chaukhandi_Necropolis_near_Karachi_asv2020-02_img08.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Chaukhandi na ƙarni na 15 zuwa 18 wani wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.]] A karkashin Mirza Ghazi Beg, mai kula da [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] na Sindh, an karfafa ci gaban Sindh na bakin teku da [[Kogin Indus Delta]]. A karkashin mulkinsa, ganuwar da ke yankin ta yi aiki a matsayin kariya ga hare-haren [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]] zuwa Sindh. A cikin 1553-54, [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, ya ambaci wani karamin tashar jiragen ruwa a bakin tekun Sindh da sunan ''Kaurashi'' wanda watakila Karachi ne.<ref>{{Cite book|last2=Sheila Blair}}</ref> An gina kaburbura na Chaukhandi a cikin unguwanni na zamani na Karachi a wannan lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 15 da 18. [[Fayil:Manora_Beach,_Karachi_Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Manora Fort, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1797 don kare Karachi, Birtaniya ta kama shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1839 kuma ta inganta 1888-1889.{{Spaces}}]] An gina sabon ƙauye a cikin 1729 a shafin ''Dibro'', wanda aka fi sani da ''''Kolachi''-jo-Goth'' ("Ƙauyen Kolachi). An ce an sanya sunan sabon ƙauyen ne don girmama Mai Kolachi, mazaunin tsohuwar ƙauyen wanda aka ce ɗansa ya kashe ɗan kifi mai cin mutum.<ref name="Studies on Karachi" /> Kolachi yana da kimanin hekta 40 (acre 99) a girman, tare da wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan kamun kifi da aka warwatsa a kusa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa sabon sansanin sun kasance Sindhi Baniyas, kuma an ce sun zo ne daga garin Kharak Bandar da ke kusa bayan tashar jiragen ruwa ta lalace a cikin 1728 bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. A shekara ta 1729, an gina wani sabon ƙauye a wurin da ake kira Dibro, wanda daga baya aka sani da Kolachi-jo-Goth ma'ana "Ƙauyen Kolachi". A cikin 1799 ko 1800, wanda ya kafa daular Talpur, Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ya ba da izinin Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a ƙarƙashin Nathan Crow don kafa wurin kasuwanci a Karachi. An ba shi izinin gina masa gida a Karachi a wannan lokacin, amma a shekara ta 1802 an umarce shi da ya bar birnin. Birnin ya ci gaba da mulkin Talpurs har sai sojojin da ke karkashin umurnin John Keane suka mamaye shi a watan Fabrairun 1839.{{Sfn|Laurent Gayer|2014}} [[Fayil:A_street_in_Old_Town,_Karachi,_India._Photograph,_1897._Wellcome_V0029261.jpg|thumb|Hoton 1897 na titin Rampart Row na Karachi a Mithadar]] [[Fayil:Mules_Mansion_01.jpg|thumb|Mules Mansion]] [[Fayil:Frere_Hall_Karachi._Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Wasu daga cikin sanannun gine-ginen Karachi, kamar su Frere Hall, sun fito ne daga Birtaniya Raj.]] [[Fayil:Karachi_Municipal_Corporation_(KMC)_Head_Office_at_M.A_Jinnah_Road_-_Photo_By_Aliraza_Khatri.jpg|alt=|thumb|Karachi yana da misalai da yawa na gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic na mulkin mallaka, kamar Ginin KMC .]] == Tattalin arziki == An ce an kafa birnin Karachi na zamani a shekara ta 1729 a matsayin ƙauyen Kolachi-jo-Goth a lokacin mulkin daular Kalhora. Sabon ƙauyen an ce an sanya masa suna ne domin girmama wata mata mai suna Mai Kolachi, wadda ɗanta ya kashe wani mugun kada mai cin mutane a ƙauyen bayan ya kashe manyan ’yan’uwansa biyu. [[Fayil:PK_Chaukhandi_Necropolis_near_Karachi_asv2020-02_img08.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Chaukhandi na ƙarni na 15 zuwa 18 wani wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.]] A karkashin Mirza Ghazi Beg, mai kula da [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] na Sindh, an karfafa ci gaban Sindh na bakin teku da [[Kogin Indus Delta]]. A karkashin mulkinsa, ganuwar da ke yankin ta yi aiki a matsayin kariya ga hare-haren [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]] zuwa Sindh. A cikin 1553-54, [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, ya ambaci wani karamin tashar jiragen ruwa a bakin tekun Sindh da sunan ''Kaurashi'' wanda watakila Karachi ne.<ref>{{Cite book|last2=Sheila Blair}}</ref> An gina kaburbura na Chaukhandi a cikin unguwanni na zamani na Karachi a wannan lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 15 da 18. [[Fayil:Manora_Beach,_Karachi_Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Manora Fort, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1797 don kare Karachi, Birtaniya ta kama shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1839 kuma ta inganta 1888-1889.{{Spaces}}]] An gina sabon ƙauye a cikin 1729 a shafin ''Dibro'', wanda aka fi sani da ''''Kolachi''-jo-Goth'' ("Ƙauyen Kolachi). An ce an sanya sunan sabon ƙauyen ne don girmama Mai Kolachi, mazaunin tsohuwar ƙauyen wanda aka ce ɗansa ya kashe ɗan kifi mai cin mutum.<ref name="Studies on Karachi" /> Kolachi yana da kimanin hekta 40 (acre 99) a girman, tare da wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan kamun kifi da aka warwatsa a kusa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa sabon sansanin sun kasance Sindhi Baniyas, kuma an ce sun zo ne daga garin Kharak Bandar da ke kusa bayan tashar jiragen ruwa ta lalace a cikin 1728 bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. A shekara ta 1729, an gina wani sabon ƙauye a wurin da ake kira Dibro, wanda daga baya aka sani da Kolachi-jo-Goth ma'ana "Ƙauyen Kolachi". A cikin 1799 ko 1800, wanda ya kafa daular Talpur, Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ya ba da izinin Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a ƙarƙashin Nathan Crow don kafa wurin kasuwanci a Karachi. An ba shi izinin gina masa gida a Karachi a wannan lokacin, amma a shekara ta 1802 an umarce shi da ya bar birnin. Birnin ya ci gaba da mulkin Talpurs har sai sojojin da ke karkashin umurnin John Keane suka mamaye shi a watan Fabrairun 1839.{{Sfn|Laurent Gayer|2014}} [[Fayil:Frere_Hall_Karachi._Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Wasu daga cikin sanannun gine-ginen Karachi, kamar su Frere Hall, sun fito ne daga Birtaniya Raj.]] [[Fayil:Karachi_Municipal_Corporation_(KMC)_Head_Office_at_M.A_Jinnah_Road_-_Photo_By_Aliraza_Khatri.jpg|alt=|thumb|Karachi yana da misalai da yawa na gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic na mulkin mallaka, kamar Ginin KMC .]] [[Fayil:Dolmen_Towers_Karachi.jpg|thumb|An dauki Clifton a matsayin daya daga cikin unguwanni mafi arziki a Pakistan.]] [[Fayil:Highrises_on_II_Chundrigar.jpg|thumb|I. I. Hanyar Chundrigar an dauke ta "birni" na karachi]] [[Fayil:Emaar_Towers_Karachi.jpg|thumb|A karkashin gini high hawan a DHA Karachi]] === Kudi da banki === === Masana'antu === Masana'antu suna ba da gudummawa ga babban ɓangare na tattalin arzikin Karachi, tare da birnin gida ga yawancin manyan kamfanonin Pakistan da ke hulɗa da masana'antu, siminti, ƙarfe, kayan aiki masu nauyi, sunadarai, da kayan abinci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2007 |title=World Bank report: Karachi termed most business-friendly |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/232736/world-bank-report-karachi-termed-most-business-friendly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011155147/http://dawn.com/2007/02/14/ebr1.htm |archive-date=11 October 2007 |access-date=15 October 2007 |website=Dawn Group of Newspapers}}</ref> Birnin yana da kusan kashi 30 cikin dari na masana'antun masana'antu na Pakistan, kuma yana samar da kusan kashi 42 cikin dari na darajar Pakistan da aka kara a masana'antun manyan masana'antu. <ref name="stepmother">{{Cite web |title=Karachi: Step-motherly treatment |url=http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/database2/cover/c99-15.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721021435/http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/database2/cover/c99-15.asp |archive-date=21 July 2011 |access-date=15 October 2007 |website=Pakistan and Gulf Economist}}</ref> Akalla raka'a 4500 na masana'antu sun samar da tattalin arzikin masana'antu na Karachi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hasan |first=Arif |title=The case of Karachi, Pakistan |url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu-projects/Global_Report/pdfs/Karachi.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915074410/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu-projects/Global_Report/pdfs/Karachi.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2013 |access-date=2 November 2016}}</ref> Sashin masana'antu na yau da kullun na Karachi yana daukar ma'aikata da yawa fiye da na yau da kullum, kodayake bayanan wakilai sun nuna cewa babban birnin da aka yi amfani da shi da kuma darajar da aka kara daga irin waɗannan kamfanoni na yau da ƙari ya fi na kamfanonin sashen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sayeed |first=Asad |last2=Husain |first2=Khurram |last3=Raza |first3=Syed Salim |title=INFORMALITY IN KARACHI'S LAND, MANUFACTURING, AND TRANSPORT SECTORS |url=https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/PW114-Informality-in-Karachis-Land-Manufacturing-and-Transport-Sectors.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903025624/http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/PW114-Informality-in-Karachis-Land-Manufacturing-and-Transport-Sectors.pdf |archive-date=3 September 2016 |access-date=2 November 2016 |publisher=United States Institute for Peace |quote=Informal manufacturing is more prevalent than formal manufacturing in terms of the number of people employed, land area covered by informal enterprises, and a number of enterprises. Output data are unavailable, but proxy data suggest that informal manufacturing is far smaller in terms of capital employed and value-added.}}</ref> An kiyasta kashi 63% na ma'aikatan Karachi suna aiki a kasuwanci da masana'antu.<ref name="Pakistan Development Update-2016">{{Cite journal |date=November 2016 |title=Karachi City Diagnostic: livability, sustainability and growth in the city of Karachi |url=http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/935241478612633044/pdf/109961-WP-PUBLIC-disclosed-11-9-16-5-pm-Pakistan-Development-Update-Fall-2016-with-compressed-pics.pdf |url-status=live |journal=Pakistan Development Update |pages=45–49 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215131807/http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/935241478612633044/pdf/109961-WP-PUBLIC-disclosed-11-9-16-5-pm-Pakistan-Development-Update-Fall-2016-with-compressed-pics.pdf |archive-date=15 December 2017 |access-date=29 November 2017}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !Sunan dukiya !Wurin da yake !An kafa shi !Yankin da ke cikin kadada |- |Gidan Karachi |Garin da ake ciki |1947 |4700<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome To S.I.T.E Association of Industry of Karachi |url=http://www.site-association.org/Background_and_Profile.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001154743/http://site-association.org/Background_and_Profile.html/ |archive-date=1 October 2015 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Site-association.org}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Korangi |Garin Korangi |1960 |8500<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome |url=http://www.kati.pk/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005050022/http://www.kati.pk/ |archive-date=5 October 2017 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Korangi Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Landhi |Garin Landhi |1949 |11000<ref>{{Cite web |title=Landhi.Org |url=http://landhi.org/aboutus/landhifacts.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831120946/http://landhi.org/aboutus/landhifacts.php |archive-date=31 August 2017 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Landhi Association of Trade and Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Arewacin Karachi |Sabon Birnin Karachi |1974 |725<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Karachi Association of Trade & Industry |url=http://nkati.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307102359/http://nkati.org/ |archive-date=7 March 2018 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=North Karachi Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Tarayya B |Garin Gulberg |1987 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2013 |title=Federal B Area Association of Trade & Industry |url=http://www.fbati.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321063224/http://www.fbati.com/ |archive-date=21 March 2018 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Federal B Area Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Gidan Masana'antu na Korangi Creek |Korangi Creek Cantonment |2012 |250<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2013 |title=Construction approved: Korangi Creek Industrial Park land up for grabs |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/634069/construction-approved-korangi-creek-industrial-park-land-up-for-grabs/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001952/http://tribune.com.pk/story/634069/construction-approved-korangi-creek-industrial-park-land-up-for-grabs/ |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=10 February 2014 |website=The Express Tribune |agency=APP}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Bin Qasim |Bin Qasim |1970 |25000<ref>{{Cite web |title=BQATI {Bin Qasim Association of Trade & Industry} |url=http://www.bqati.com.pk/ |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Bin Qasim Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Gudanar da Kasuwanci na Karachi |Garin Landhi |1980<ref>{{Cite web |title=Export Processing Zone Authority |url=http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/issue2000/issue13/etc6.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001011256/http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/issue2000/issue13/etc6.htm |archive-date=1 October 2017 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Pakistaneconomist.com}}</ref> |315<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome To EPZA |url=http://www.epza.gov.pk/karachi.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140217185414/http://www.epza.gov.pk/karachi.html |archive-date=17 February 2014 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Epza.gov.pk}}</ref> |- |Birnin Fasaha na Pakistan |Bin Qasim |2004 |1250<ref>{{Cite web |title=Textile City |url=http://www.textilecity.com.pk/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212111901/http://www.textilecity.com.pk/ |archive-date=12 February 2014 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Textile City}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Yammacin Wharf |Garin Keamari | |430 |- |SITE Super Highway Phase-I |Babban Hanyar |1983 |300<ref name="site" /> |- |SITE Super Highway Mataki na II |Babban Hanyar |1992 |1000<ref name="site">{{Cite web |title=site.com.pk |url=http://www.site.com.pk/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212014827/http://www.site.com.pk/ |archive-date=12 February 2014 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Sindh Industrial Trading Estates}}</ref> |} === Tarin kudaden shiga === [[Fayil:Old_building_of_State_Bank_of_Pakistan,_Now_its_known_as_State_Bank_Museum.jpg|thumb|An gina tsohon ginin Bankin Jihar Pakistan a zamanin mulkin mallaka.]] A matsayin gida ga manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Pakistan da kuma babban bangare na masana'anta, Karachi yana ba da gudummawa mai yawa na kudaden shiga na harajin da aka tattara a Pakistan. Kamar yadda yawancin manyan kamfanoni masu yawa na Pakistan ke zaune a Karachi, ana biyan harajin samun kudin shiga a cikin birni duk da cewa ana iya samun kudin shiga daga wasu sassan kasar. A matsayin gida ga manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda biyu na kasar, jami'an kwastam na Pakistan suna karɓar yawancin harajin tarayya da haraji a tashar jiragen ruwa na Karachi, koda kuwa an ƙaddara waɗannan shigo da su ga ɗayan larduna na Pakistan. Kimanin kashi 25% na kudaden shiga na kasa na Pakistan ana ''samar da shi'' ne a Karachi. A shekarar 2006–2007, Karachi ta tara kusan rabin harajin kai tsaye na ƙasar, fiye da kashi uku cikin huɗu na kuɗaɗen kwastam, kuma sama da rabin duk kuɗaɗen shiga da Hukumar Haraji ta Tarayya ke tattarawa. ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Karachi}} [[Category:Biranen Pakistan]] ssb20g5wmwitc7frwlus0perw45jv50 863692 863593 2026-06-22T07:21:56Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Transportation" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358657337|Karachi]]" 863692 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Karachimontage.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Karachi.]] '''Karachi''' ko '''Bombay''' birni ne, da ke a yankin [[Sindh]], a kasar [[Pakistan]]. Shi ne babban birnin tattalin arzikin Pakistan. Bisa ga kidayar jama'a a shekarar 2017, jimilar mutane kimanin 14,910,352 (miliyan sha hudu da dubu dari tara da goma da dari uku da hamsin da biyu). An gina birnin Karachi a karni na sha takwas bayan haihuwan annabi Issa. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Coast_of_Karachi_construction.jpg|&mGaɓar Tekun birnin File:Karachi,_Furniture_Market_Near_10_%5E_Liaqutabad_-_panoramio.jpg|Kasuwar Katako ta Karachi File:Aga_Khan_University_.jpg|Jami'ar Aga Khan, Karachi File:Karachi-Terminal-00138.JPG|Filin jirgin Sama na birnin Karachi File:PK_Karachi_asv2020-02_img46_container_port.jpg|Karachi, Port File:Karachi_downtown.jpeg|Karachi, downtown File:Mazare_Quaid.JPEG|Mazare Quaid, Karachi File:Sehwan_Sharif_-_Tomb_of_Lal_Shahbaz_Qalandar.jpg|Sehwan_Sharif Tomb of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar File:Nagan_Ch_Karachi.jpg|Nagan Ch, Karachi File:Kemari_Boat_Basin_@_Karachi_(cropped).jpg|Kemari boat basin, Karachi File:Empress_Market_Saddar_Karachi_cropped.jpg|Kasuwar Shaddar, Karachi File:Creek_Marina_Club_Karachi.jpeg|Creek Marina Club, Karachi File:Native_Jetty_Bridge_Karachi.jpg|Gadar Native Jetty, Karachi </gallery> == Etimology == An ce an kafa birnin Karachi na zamani a shekara ta 1729 a matsayin ƙauyen Kolachi-jo-Goth a lokacin mulkin daular Kalhora. Sabon ƙauyen an ce an sanya masa suna ne domin girmama wata mata mai suna Mai Kolachi, wadda ɗanta ya kashe wani mugun kada mai cin mutane a ƙauyen bayan ya kashe manyan ’yan’uwansa biyu. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:PK_Chaukhandi_Necropolis_near_Karachi_asv2020-02_img08.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Chaukhandi na ƙarni na 15 zuwa 18 wani wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.]] A karkashin Mirza Ghazi Beg, mai kula da [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] na Sindh, an karfafa ci gaban Sindh na bakin teku da [[Kogin Indus Delta]]. A karkashin mulkinsa, ganuwar da ke yankin ta yi aiki a matsayin kariya ga hare-haren [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]] zuwa Sindh. A cikin 1553-54, [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, ya ambaci wani karamin tashar jiragen ruwa a bakin tekun Sindh da sunan ''Kaurashi'' wanda watakila Karachi ne.<ref>{{Cite book|last2=Sheila Blair}}</ref> An gina kaburbura na Chaukhandi a cikin unguwanni na zamani na Karachi a wannan lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 15 da 18. [[Fayil:Manora_Beach,_Karachi_Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Manora Fort, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1797 don kare Karachi, Birtaniya ta kama shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1839 kuma ta inganta 1888-1889.{{Spaces}}]] An gina sabon ƙauye a cikin 1729 a shafin ''Dibro'', wanda aka fi sani da ''''Kolachi''-jo-Goth'' ("Ƙauyen Kolachi). An ce an sanya sunan sabon ƙauyen ne don girmama Mai Kolachi, mazaunin tsohuwar ƙauyen wanda aka ce ɗansa ya kashe ɗan kifi mai cin mutum.<ref name="Studies on Karachi" /> Kolachi yana da kimanin hekta 40 (acre 99) a girman, tare da wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan kamun kifi da aka warwatsa a kusa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa sabon sansanin sun kasance Sindhi Baniyas, kuma an ce sun zo ne daga garin Kharak Bandar da ke kusa bayan tashar jiragen ruwa ta lalace a cikin 1728 bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. A shekara ta 1729, an gina wani sabon ƙauye a wurin da ake kira Dibro, wanda daga baya aka sani da Kolachi-jo-Goth ma'ana "Ƙauyen Kolachi". A cikin 1799 ko 1800, wanda ya kafa daular Talpur, Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ya ba da izinin Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a ƙarƙashin Nathan Crow don kafa wurin kasuwanci a Karachi. An ba shi izinin gina masa gida a Karachi a wannan lokacin, amma a shekara ta 1802 an umarce shi da ya bar birnin. Birnin ya ci gaba da mulkin Talpurs har sai sojojin da ke karkashin umurnin John Keane suka mamaye shi a watan Fabrairun 1839.{{Sfn|Laurent Gayer|2014}} [[Fayil:A_street_in_Old_Town,_Karachi,_India._Photograph,_1897._Wellcome_V0029261.jpg|thumb|Hoton 1897 na titin Rampart Row na Karachi a Mithadar]] [[Fayil:Mules_Mansion_01.jpg|thumb|Mules Mansion]] [[Fayil:Frere_Hall_Karachi._Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Wasu daga cikin sanannun gine-ginen Karachi, kamar su Frere Hall, sun fito ne daga Birtaniya Raj.]] [[Fayil:Karachi_Municipal_Corporation_(KMC)_Head_Office_at_M.A_Jinnah_Road_-_Photo_By_Aliraza_Khatri.jpg|alt=|thumb|Karachi yana da misalai da yawa na gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic na mulkin mallaka, kamar Ginin KMC .]] == Tarihi == [[Fayil:PK_Chaukhandi_Necropolis_near_Karachi_asv2020-02_img08.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Chaukhandi na ƙarni na 15 zuwa 18 wani wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.]] A karkashin Mirza Ghazi Beg, mai kula da [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] na Sindh, an karfafa ci gaban Sindh na bakin teku da [[Kogin Indus Delta]]. A karkashin mulkinsa, ganuwar da ke yankin ta yi aiki a matsayin kariya ga hare-haren [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]] zuwa Sindh. A cikin 1553-54, [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, ya ambaci wani karamin tashar jiragen ruwa a bakin tekun Sindh da sunan ''Kaurashi'' wanda watakila Karachi ne.<ref>{{Cite book|last2=Sheila Blair}}</ref> An gina kaburbura na Chaukhandi a cikin unguwanni na zamani na Karachi a wannan lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 15 da 18. [[Fayil:Manora_Beach,_Karachi_Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Manora Fort, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1797 don kare Karachi, Birtaniya ta kama shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1839 kuma ta inganta 1888-1889.{{Spaces}}]] An gina sabon ƙauye a cikin 1729 a shafin ''Dibro'', wanda aka fi sani da ''''Kolachi''-jo-Goth'' ("Ƙauyen Kolachi). An ce an sanya sunan sabon ƙauyen ne don girmama Mai Kolachi, mazaunin tsohuwar ƙauyen wanda aka ce ɗansa ya kashe ɗan kifi mai cin mutum.<ref name="Studies on Karachi" /> Kolachi yana da kimanin hekta 40 (acre 99) a girman, tare da wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan kamun kifi da aka warwatsa a kusa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa sabon sansanin sun kasance Sindhi Baniyas, kuma an ce sun zo ne daga garin Kharak Bandar da ke kusa bayan tashar jiragen ruwa ta lalace a cikin 1728 bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. A shekara ta 1729, an gina wani sabon ƙauye a wurin da ake kira Dibro, wanda daga baya aka sani da Kolachi-jo-Goth ma'ana "Ƙauyen Kolachi". A cikin 1799 ko 1800, wanda ya kafa daular Talpur, Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ya ba da izinin Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a ƙarƙashin Nathan Crow don kafa wurin kasuwanci a Karachi. An ba shi izinin gina masa gida a Karachi a wannan lokacin, amma a shekara ta 1802 an umarce shi da ya bar birnin. Birnin ya ci gaba da mulkin Talpurs har sai sojojin da ke karkashin umurnin John Keane suka mamaye shi a watan Fabrairun 1839.{{Sfn|Laurent Gayer|2014}} [[Fayil:A_street_in_Old_Town,_Karachi,_India._Photograph,_1897._Wellcome_V0029261.jpg|thumb|Hoton 1897 na titin Rampart Row na Karachi a Mithadar]] [[Fayil:Mules_Mansion_01.jpg|thumb|Mules Mansion]] [[Fayil:Frere_Hall_Karachi._Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Wasu daga cikin sanannun gine-ginen Karachi, kamar su Frere Hall, sun fito ne daga Birtaniya Raj.]] [[Fayil:Karachi_Municipal_Corporation_(KMC)_Head_Office_at_M.A_Jinnah_Road_-_Photo_By_Aliraza_Khatri.jpg|alt=|thumb|Karachi yana da misalai da yawa na gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic na mulkin mallaka, kamar Ginin KMC .]] == Tattalin arziki == An ce an kafa birnin Karachi na zamani a shekara ta 1729 a matsayin ƙauyen Kolachi-jo-Goth a lokacin mulkin daular Kalhora. Sabon ƙauyen an ce an sanya masa suna ne domin girmama wata mata mai suna Mai Kolachi, wadda ɗanta ya kashe wani mugun kada mai cin mutane a ƙauyen bayan ya kashe manyan ’yan’uwansa biyu. [[Fayil:PK_Chaukhandi_Necropolis_near_Karachi_asv2020-02_img08.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Chaukhandi na ƙarni na 15 zuwa 18 wani wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.]] A karkashin Mirza Ghazi Beg, mai kula da [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] na Sindh, an karfafa ci gaban Sindh na bakin teku da [[Kogin Indus Delta]]. A karkashin mulkinsa, ganuwar da ke yankin ta yi aiki a matsayin kariya ga hare-haren [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]] zuwa Sindh. A cikin 1553-54, [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, ya ambaci wani karamin tashar jiragen ruwa a bakin tekun Sindh da sunan ''Kaurashi'' wanda watakila Karachi ne.<ref>{{Cite book|last2=Sheila Blair}}</ref> An gina kaburbura na Chaukhandi a cikin unguwanni na zamani na Karachi a wannan lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 15 da 18. [[Fayil:Manora_Beach,_Karachi_Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Manora Fort, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1797 don kare Karachi, Birtaniya ta kama shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1839 kuma ta inganta 1888-1889.{{Spaces}}]] An gina sabon ƙauye a cikin 1729 a shafin ''Dibro'', wanda aka fi sani da ''''Kolachi''-jo-Goth'' ("Ƙauyen Kolachi). An ce an sanya sunan sabon ƙauyen ne don girmama Mai Kolachi, mazaunin tsohuwar ƙauyen wanda aka ce ɗansa ya kashe ɗan kifi mai cin mutum.<ref name="Studies on Karachi" /> Kolachi yana da kimanin hekta 40 (acre 99) a girman, tare da wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan kamun kifi da aka warwatsa a kusa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa sabon sansanin sun kasance Sindhi Baniyas, kuma an ce sun zo ne daga garin Kharak Bandar da ke kusa bayan tashar jiragen ruwa ta lalace a cikin 1728 bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. A shekara ta 1729, an gina wani sabon ƙauye a wurin da ake kira Dibro, wanda daga baya aka sani da Kolachi-jo-Goth ma'ana "Ƙauyen Kolachi". A cikin 1799 ko 1800, wanda ya kafa daular Talpur, Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ya ba da izinin Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a ƙarƙashin Nathan Crow don kafa wurin kasuwanci a Karachi. An ba shi izinin gina masa gida a Karachi a wannan lokacin, amma a shekara ta 1802 an umarce shi da ya bar birnin. Birnin ya ci gaba da mulkin Talpurs har sai sojojin da ke karkashin umurnin John Keane suka mamaye shi a watan Fabrairun 1839.{{Sfn|Laurent Gayer|2014}} [[Fayil:Frere_Hall_Karachi._Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Wasu daga cikin sanannun gine-ginen Karachi, kamar su Frere Hall, sun fito ne daga Birtaniya Raj.]] [[Fayil:Karachi_Municipal_Corporation_(KMC)_Head_Office_at_M.A_Jinnah_Road_-_Photo_By_Aliraza_Khatri.jpg|alt=|thumb|Karachi yana da misalai da yawa na gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic na mulkin mallaka, kamar Ginin KMC .]] [[Fayil:Dolmen_Towers_Karachi.jpg|thumb|An dauki Clifton a matsayin daya daga cikin unguwanni mafi arziki a Pakistan.]] [[Fayil:Highrises_on_II_Chundrigar.jpg|thumb|I. I. Hanyar Chundrigar an dauke ta "birni" na karachi]] [[Fayil:Emaar_Towers_Karachi.jpg|thumb|A karkashin gini high hawan a DHA Karachi]] === Kudi da banki === === Masana'antu === Masana'antu suna ba da gudummawa ga babban ɓangare na tattalin arzikin Karachi, tare da birnin gida ga yawancin manyan kamfanonin Pakistan da ke hulɗa da masana'antu, siminti, ƙarfe, kayan aiki masu nauyi, sunadarai, da kayan abinci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2007 |title=World Bank report: Karachi termed most business-friendly |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/232736/world-bank-report-karachi-termed-most-business-friendly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011155147/http://dawn.com/2007/02/14/ebr1.htm |archive-date=11 October 2007 |access-date=15 October 2007 |website=Dawn Group of Newspapers}}</ref> Birnin yana da kusan kashi 30 cikin dari na masana'antun masana'antu na Pakistan, kuma yana samar da kusan kashi 42 cikin dari na darajar Pakistan da aka kara a masana'antun manyan masana'antu. <ref name="stepmother">{{Cite web |title=Karachi: Step-motherly treatment |url=http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/database2/cover/c99-15.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721021435/http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/database2/cover/c99-15.asp |archive-date=21 July 2011 |access-date=15 October 2007 |website=Pakistan and Gulf Economist}}</ref> Akalla raka'a 4500 na masana'antu sun samar da tattalin arzikin masana'antu na Karachi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hasan |first=Arif |title=The case of Karachi, Pakistan |url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu-projects/Global_Report/pdfs/Karachi.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915074410/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu-projects/Global_Report/pdfs/Karachi.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2013 |access-date=2 November 2016}}</ref> Sashin masana'antu na yau da kullun na Karachi yana daukar ma'aikata da yawa fiye da na yau da kullum, kodayake bayanan wakilai sun nuna cewa babban birnin da aka yi amfani da shi da kuma darajar da aka kara daga irin waɗannan kamfanoni na yau da ƙari ya fi na kamfanonin sashen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sayeed |first=Asad |last2=Husain |first2=Khurram |last3=Raza |first3=Syed Salim |title=INFORMALITY IN KARACHI'S LAND, MANUFACTURING, AND TRANSPORT SECTORS |url=https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/PW114-Informality-in-Karachis-Land-Manufacturing-and-Transport-Sectors.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903025624/http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/PW114-Informality-in-Karachis-Land-Manufacturing-and-Transport-Sectors.pdf |archive-date=3 September 2016 |access-date=2 November 2016 |publisher=United States Institute for Peace |quote=Informal manufacturing is more prevalent than formal manufacturing in terms of the number of people employed, land area covered by informal enterprises, and a number of enterprises. Output data are unavailable, but proxy data suggest that informal manufacturing is far smaller in terms of capital employed and value-added.}}</ref> An kiyasta kashi 63% na ma'aikatan Karachi suna aiki a kasuwanci da masana'antu.<ref name="Pakistan Development Update-2016">{{Cite journal |date=November 2016 |title=Karachi City Diagnostic: livability, sustainability and growth in the city of Karachi |url=http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/935241478612633044/pdf/109961-WP-PUBLIC-disclosed-11-9-16-5-pm-Pakistan-Development-Update-Fall-2016-with-compressed-pics.pdf |url-status=live |journal=Pakistan Development Update |pages=45–49 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215131807/http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/935241478612633044/pdf/109961-WP-PUBLIC-disclosed-11-9-16-5-pm-Pakistan-Development-Update-Fall-2016-with-compressed-pics.pdf |archive-date=15 December 2017 |access-date=29 November 2017}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !Sunan dukiya !Wurin da yake !An kafa shi !Yankin da ke cikin kadada |- |Gidan Karachi |Garin da ake ciki |1947 |4700<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome To S.I.T.E Association of Industry of Karachi |url=http://www.site-association.org/Background_and_Profile.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001154743/http://site-association.org/Background_and_Profile.html/ |archive-date=1 October 2015 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Site-association.org}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Korangi |Garin Korangi |1960 |8500<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome |url=http://www.kati.pk/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005050022/http://www.kati.pk/ |archive-date=5 October 2017 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Korangi Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Landhi |Garin Landhi |1949 |11000<ref>{{Cite web |title=Landhi.Org |url=http://landhi.org/aboutus/landhifacts.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831120946/http://landhi.org/aboutus/landhifacts.php |archive-date=31 August 2017 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Landhi Association of Trade and Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Arewacin Karachi |Sabon Birnin Karachi |1974 |725<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Karachi Association of Trade & Industry |url=http://nkati.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307102359/http://nkati.org/ |archive-date=7 March 2018 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=North Karachi Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Tarayya B |Garin Gulberg |1987 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2013 |title=Federal B Area Association of Trade & Industry |url=http://www.fbati.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321063224/http://www.fbati.com/ |archive-date=21 March 2018 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Federal B Area Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Gidan Masana'antu na Korangi Creek |Korangi Creek Cantonment |2012 |250<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2013 |title=Construction approved: Korangi Creek Industrial Park land up for grabs |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/634069/construction-approved-korangi-creek-industrial-park-land-up-for-grabs/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001952/http://tribune.com.pk/story/634069/construction-approved-korangi-creek-industrial-park-land-up-for-grabs/ |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=10 February 2014 |website=The Express Tribune |agency=APP}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Bin Qasim |Bin Qasim |1970 |25000<ref>{{Cite web |title=BQATI {Bin Qasim Association of Trade & Industry} |url=http://www.bqati.com.pk/ |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Bin Qasim Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Gudanar da Kasuwanci na Karachi |Garin Landhi |1980<ref>{{Cite web |title=Export Processing Zone Authority |url=http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/issue2000/issue13/etc6.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001011256/http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/issue2000/issue13/etc6.htm |archive-date=1 October 2017 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Pakistaneconomist.com}}</ref> |315<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome To EPZA |url=http://www.epza.gov.pk/karachi.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140217185414/http://www.epza.gov.pk/karachi.html |archive-date=17 February 2014 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Epza.gov.pk}}</ref> |- |Birnin Fasaha na Pakistan |Bin Qasim |2004 |1250<ref>{{Cite web |title=Textile City |url=http://www.textilecity.com.pk/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212111901/http://www.textilecity.com.pk/ |archive-date=12 February 2014 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Textile City}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Yammacin Wharf |Garin Keamari | |430 |- |SITE Super Highway Phase-I |Babban Hanyar |1983 |300<ref name="site" /> |- |SITE Super Highway Mataki na II |Babban Hanyar |1992 |1000<ref name="site">{{Cite web |title=site.com.pk |url=http://www.site.com.pk/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212014827/http://www.site.com.pk/ |archive-date=12 February 2014 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Sindh Industrial Trading Estates}}</ref> |} === Tarin kudaden shiga === [[Fayil:Old_building_of_State_Bank_of_Pakistan,_Now_its_known_as_State_Bank_Museum.jpg|thumb|An gina tsohon ginin Bankin Jihar Pakistan a zamanin mulkin mallaka.]] A matsayin gida ga manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Pakistan da kuma babban bangare na masana'anta, Karachi yana ba da gudummawa mai yawa na kudaden shiga na harajin da aka tattara a Pakistan. Kamar yadda yawancin manyan kamfanoni masu yawa na Pakistan ke zaune a Karachi, ana biyan harajin samun kudin shiga a cikin birni duk da cewa ana iya samun kudin shiga daga wasu sassan kasar. A matsayin gida ga manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda biyu na kasar, jami'an kwastam na Pakistan suna karɓar yawancin harajin tarayya da haraji a tashar jiragen ruwa na Karachi, koda kuwa an ƙaddara waɗannan shigo da su ga ɗayan larduna na Pakistan. Kimanin kashi 25% na kudaden shiga na kasa na Pakistan ana ''samar da shi'' ne a Karachi. A shekarar 2006–2007, Karachi ta tara kusan rabin harajin kai tsaye na ƙasar, fiye da kashi uku cikin huɗu na kuɗaɗen kwastam, kuma sama da rabin duk kuɗaɗen shiga da Hukumar Haraji ta Tarayya ke tattarawa. == Transportation == An ce an kafa birnin Karachi na zamani a shekara ta 1729 a matsayin ƙauyen Kolachi-jo-Goth a lokacin mulkin daular Kalhora. Sabon ƙauyen an ce an sanya masa suna ne domin girmama wata mata mai suna Mai Kolachi, wadda ɗanta ya kashe wani mugun kada mai cin mutane a ƙauyen bayan ya kashe manyan ’yan’uwansa biyu. [[Fayil:PK_Chaukhandi_Necropolis_near_Karachi_asv2020-02_img08.jpg|thumb|Kabarin Chaukhandi na ƙarni na 15 zuwa 18 wani wuri ne na Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO.]] A karkashin Mirza Ghazi Beg, mai kula da [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] na Sindh, an karfafa ci gaban Sindh na bakin teku da [[Kogin Indus Delta]]. A karkashin mulkinsa, ganuwar da ke yankin ta yi aiki a matsayin kariya ga hare-haren [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]] zuwa Sindh. A cikin 1553-54, [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, ya ambaci wani karamin tashar jiragen ruwa a bakin tekun Sindh da sunan ''Kaurashi'' wanda watakila Karachi ne.<ref>{{Cite book|last2=Sheila Blair}}</ref> An gina kaburbura na Chaukhandi a cikin unguwanni na zamani na Karachi a wannan lokacin tsakanin ƙarni na 15 da 18. [[Fayil:Manora_Beach,_Karachi_Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Manora Fort, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1797 don kare Karachi, Birtaniya ta kama shi a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 1839 kuma ta inganta 1888-1889.{{Spaces}}]] An gina sabon ƙauye a cikin 1729 a shafin ''Dibro'', wanda aka fi sani da ''''Kolachi''-jo-Goth'' ("Ƙauyen Kolachi). An ce an sanya sunan sabon ƙauyen ne don girmama Mai Kolachi, mazaunin tsohuwar ƙauyen wanda aka ce ɗansa ya kashe ɗan kifi mai cin mutum.<ref name="Studies on Karachi" /> Kolachi yana da kimanin hekta 40 (acre 99) a girman, tare da wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan kamun kifi da aka warwatsa a kusa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa sabon sansanin sun kasance Sindhi Baniyas, kuma an ce sun zo ne daga garin Kharak Bandar da ke kusa bayan tashar jiragen ruwa ta lalace a cikin 1728 bayan ruwan sama mai yawa. A shekara ta 1729, an gina wani sabon ƙauye a wurin da ake kira Dibro, wanda daga baya aka sani da Kolachi-jo-Goth ma'ana "Ƙauyen Kolachi". A cikin 1799 ko 1800, wanda ya kafa daular Talpur, Mir Fateh Ali Khan, ya ba da izinin Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a ƙarƙashin Nathan Crow don kafa wurin kasuwanci a Karachi. An ba shi izinin gina masa gida a Karachi a wannan lokacin, amma a shekara ta 1802 an umarce shi da ya bar birnin. Birnin ya ci gaba da mulkin Talpurs har sai sojojin da ke karkashin umurnin John Keane suka mamaye shi a watan Fabrairun 1839.{{Sfn|Laurent Gayer|2014}} [[Fayil:Frere_Hall_Karachi._Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Wasu daga cikin sanannun gine-ginen Karachi, kamar su Frere Hall, sun fito ne daga Birtaniya Raj.]] [[Fayil:Karachi_Municipal_Corporation_(KMC)_Head_Office_at_M.A_Jinnah_Road_-_Photo_By_Aliraza_Khatri.jpg|alt=|thumb|Karachi yana da misalai da yawa na gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic na mulkin mallaka, kamar Ginin KMC .]] [[Fayil:Dolmen_Towers_Karachi.jpg|thumb|An dauki Clifton a matsayin daya daga cikin unguwanni mafi arziki a Pakistan.]] [[Fayil:Highrises_on_II_Chundrigar.jpg|thumb|I. I. Hanyar Chundrigar an dauke ta "birni" na karachi]] [[Fayil:Emaar_Towers_Karachi.jpg|thumb|A karkashin gini high hawan a DHA Karachi]] === Kudi da banki === === Masana'antu === Masana'antu suna ba da gudummawa ga babban ɓangare na tattalin arzikin Karachi, tare da birnin gida ga yawancin manyan kamfanonin Pakistan da ke hulɗa da masana'antu, siminti, ƙarfe, kayan aiki masu nauyi, sunadarai, da kayan abinci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2007 |title=World Bank report: Karachi termed most business-friendly |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/232736/world-bank-report-karachi-termed-most-business-friendly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011155147/http://dawn.com/2007/02/14/ebr1.htm |archive-date=11 October 2007 |access-date=15 October 2007 |website=Dawn Group of Newspapers}}</ref> Birnin yana da kusan kashi 30 cikin dari na masana'antun masana'antu na Pakistan, kuma yana samar da kusan kashi 42 cikin dari na darajar Pakistan da aka kara a masana'antun manyan masana'antu. <ref name="stepmother">{{Cite web |title=Karachi: Step-motherly treatment |url=http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/database2/cover/c99-15.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721021435/http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/database2/cover/c99-15.asp |archive-date=21 July 2011 |access-date=15 October 2007 |website=Pakistan and Gulf Economist}}</ref> Akalla raka'a 4500 na masana'antu sun samar da tattalin arzikin masana'antu na Karachi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hasan |first=Arif |title=The case of Karachi, Pakistan |url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu-projects/Global_Report/pdfs/Karachi.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915074410/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu-projects/Global_Report/pdfs/Karachi.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2013 |access-date=2 November 2016}}</ref> Sashin masana'antu na yau da kullun na Karachi yana daukar ma'aikata da yawa fiye da na yau da kullum, kodayake bayanan wakilai sun nuna cewa babban birnin da aka yi amfani da shi da kuma darajar da aka kara daga irin waɗannan kamfanoni na yau da ƙari ya fi na kamfanonin sashen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sayeed |first=Asad |last2=Husain |first2=Khurram |last3=Raza |first3=Syed Salim |title=INFORMALITY IN KARACHI'S LAND, MANUFACTURING, AND TRANSPORT SECTORS |url=https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/PW114-Informality-in-Karachis-Land-Manufacturing-and-Transport-Sectors.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903025624/http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/PW114-Informality-in-Karachis-Land-Manufacturing-and-Transport-Sectors.pdf |archive-date=3 September 2016 |access-date=2 November 2016 |publisher=United States Institute for Peace |quote=Informal manufacturing is more prevalent than formal manufacturing in terms of the number of people employed, land area covered by informal enterprises, and a number of enterprises. Output data are unavailable, but proxy data suggest that informal manufacturing is far smaller in terms of capital employed and value-added.}}</ref> An kiyasta kashi 63% na ma'aikatan Karachi suna aiki a kasuwanci da masana'antu.<ref name="Pakistan Development Update-2016">{{Cite journal |date=November 2016 |title=Karachi City Diagnostic: livability, sustainability and growth in the city of Karachi |url=http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/935241478612633044/pdf/109961-WP-PUBLIC-disclosed-11-9-16-5-pm-Pakistan-Development-Update-Fall-2016-with-compressed-pics.pdf |url-status=live |journal=Pakistan Development Update |pages=45–49 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215131807/http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/935241478612633044/pdf/109961-WP-PUBLIC-disclosed-11-9-16-5-pm-Pakistan-Development-Update-Fall-2016-with-compressed-pics.pdf |archive-date=15 December 2017 |access-date=29 November 2017}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !Sunan dukiya !Wurin da yake !An kafa shi !Yankin da ke cikin kadada |- |Gidan Karachi |Garin da ake ciki |1947 |4700<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome To S.I.T.E Association of Industry of Karachi |url=http://www.site-association.org/Background_and_Profile.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001154743/http://site-association.org/Background_and_Profile.html/ |archive-date=1 October 2015 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Site-association.org}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Korangi |Garin Korangi |1960 |8500<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome |url=http://www.kati.pk/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005050022/http://www.kati.pk/ |archive-date=5 October 2017 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Korangi Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Landhi |Garin Landhi |1949 |11000<ref>{{Cite web |title=Landhi.Org |url=http://landhi.org/aboutus/landhifacts.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831120946/http://landhi.org/aboutus/landhifacts.php |archive-date=31 August 2017 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Landhi Association of Trade and Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Arewacin Karachi |Sabon Birnin Karachi |1974 |725<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Karachi Association of Trade & Industry |url=http://nkati.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307102359/http://nkati.org/ |archive-date=7 March 2018 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=North Karachi Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Tarayya B |Garin Gulberg |1987 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2013 |title=Federal B Area Association of Trade & Industry |url=http://www.fbati.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321063224/http://www.fbati.com/ |archive-date=21 March 2018 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Federal B Area Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Gidan Masana'antu na Korangi Creek |Korangi Creek Cantonment |2012 |250<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2013 |title=Construction approved: Korangi Creek Industrial Park land up for grabs |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/634069/construction-approved-korangi-creek-industrial-park-land-up-for-grabs/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001952/http://tribune.com.pk/story/634069/construction-approved-korangi-creek-industrial-park-land-up-for-grabs/ |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=10 February 2014 |website=The Express Tribune |agency=APP}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Bin Qasim |Bin Qasim |1970 |25000<ref>{{Cite web |title=BQATI {Bin Qasim Association of Trade & Industry} |url=http://www.bqati.com.pk/ |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Bin Qasim Association of Trade & Industry}}</ref> |- |Yankin Gudanar da Kasuwanci na Karachi |Garin Landhi |1980<ref>{{Cite web |title=Export Processing Zone Authority |url=http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/issue2000/issue13/etc6.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001011256/http://www.pakistaneconomist.com/issue2000/issue13/etc6.htm |archive-date=1 October 2017 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Pakistaneconomist.com}}</ref> |315<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome To EPZA |url=http://www.epza.gov.pk/karachi.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140217185414/http://www.epza.gov.pk/karachi.html |archive-date=17 February 2014 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Epza.gov.pk}}</ref> |- |Birnin Fasaha na Pakistan |Bin Qasim |2004 |1250<ref>{{Cite web |title=Textile City |url=http://www.textilecity.com.pk/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212111901/http://www.textilecity.com.pk/ |archive-date=12 February 2014 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Textile City}}</ref> |- |Yankin Masana'antu na Yammacin Wharf |Garin Keamari | |430 |- |SITE Super Highway Phase-I |Babban Hanyar |1983 |300<ref name="site" /> |- |SITE Super Highway Mataki na II |Babban Hanyar |1992 |1000<ref name="site">{{Cite web |title=site.com.pk |url=http://www.site.com.pk/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212014827/http://www.site.com.pk/ |archive-date=12 February 2014 |access-date=10 February 2014 |publisher=Sindh Industrial Trading Estates}}</ref> |} === Tarin kudaden shiga === [[Fayil:Old_building_of_State_Bank_of_Pakistan,_Now_its_known_as_State_Bank_Museum.jpg|thumb|An gina tsohon ginin Bankin Jihar Pakistan a zamanin mulkin mallaka.]] A matsayin gida ga manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Pakistan da kuma babban bangare na masana'anta, Karachi yana ba da gudummawa mai yawa na kudaden shiga na harajin da aka tattara a Pakistan. Kamar yadda yawancin manyan kamfanoni masu yawa na Pakistan ke zaune a Karachi, ana biyan harajin samun kudin shiga a cikin birni duk da cewa ana iya samun kudin shiga daga wasu sassan kasar. A matsayin gida ga manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda biyu na kasar, jami'an kwastam na Pakistan suna karɓar yawancin harajin tarayya da haraji a tashar jiragen ruwa na Karachi, koda kuwa an ƙaddara waɗannan shigo da su ga ɗayan larduna na Pakistan. Kimanin kashi 25% na kudaden shiga na kasa na Pakistan ana ''samar da shi'' ne a Karachi. A shekarar 2006–2007, Karachi ta tara kusan rabin harajin kai tsaye na ƙasar, fiye da kashi uku cikin huɗu na kuɗaɗen kwastam, kuma sama da rabin duk kuɗaɗen shiga da Hukumar Haraji ta Tarayya ke tattarawa. [[Fayil:Downtown_Nazimabad_3.jpg|thumb|Greenline Metrobus Karachi]] === Road === Karachi tana da hanyar tituna da tsawonta ya kai kimanin kilomita 15,500 (mil 9,600), waɗanda ke ɗaukar zirga-zirgar kusan motoci miliyan 5 a kowace rana. === Hanyoyin Sufurin Jama'a === [[Fayil:Greenline_Station_Karachi.jpg|right|thumb|A Green line Station]] [[Fayil:Peoples_Bus_Service_(Red)_Karachi.jpg|thumb|Sabis ɗin Bas na Jama'a (Red) ]] [[Fayil:Peoples_Bus_Service_(Pink)_Karachi.jpg|thumb|Sabis ɗin Bas na Jama'a (Pink) ]] A cikin 2022, gwamnatin lardin ta ƙaddamar da Sabis na Bus na Jama'a tare da rundunar bas 100+ da ke gudana a kan hanyoyi 12 daban-daban a kan farashi mai suna. Bus din suna da iska mai sanyaya, suna da Wi-Fi, suna da wurin zama na farko ga nakasassu da tsofaffi, kuma suna da damar keken guragu. Red buses ne na jama'a gaba ɗaya. Buses masu launin ruwan kasa na mata ne kawai. Fararen bas din su ne bas din lantarki mai kyau da ke da wuraren caji da aka tsara. Karachi Circular Railway wani tsarin sufuri ne na yanki a Karachi, wanda ke aiki a yankin Karachi. KCR ta kasance tana aiki sosai tsakanin 1969 da 1999. Tun daga shekara ta 2001, an nemi maido da hanyar jirgin kasa da sake fara tsarin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 August 2020 |title=Chairman Railways visits KCR track |url=https://nation.com.pk/10-Aug-2020/chairman-railways-visits-kcr-track |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114150332/https://nation.com.pk/10-Aug-2020/chairman-railways-visits-kcr-track |archive-date=14 January 2021 |access-date=28 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 August 2020 |title=Supreme Court gives four more months to overhaul railways |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2260409/supreme-court-gives-four-more-months-to-overhaul-railways |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820124938/https://tribune.com.pk/story/2260409/supreme-court-gives-four-more-months-to-overhaul-railways |archive-date=20 August 2021 |access-date=28 August 2021}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba 2020, KCR ta farfado da ayyukan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2020 |title=Karachi Circular Railway begins partial operations |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1591237/karachi-circular-railway-begins-partial-operations-today |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814091641/https://www.dawn.com/news/1591237/karachi-circular-railway-begins-partial-operations-today |archive-date=14 August 2021 |access-date=28 August 2021}}</ref> [[Shehbaz Sharif]] ta haɗa KCR a cikin CPEC kuma an fara gini a cikin 2022. Za a sake gina hanyar KCR da tashoshin da ke da nisan kilomita 43 a cikin tsarin zirga-zirga mai sauri tare da jiragen lantarki. Ba za a canza hanyar ba duk da haka za a gina hanyoyi da gadoji da yawa tare da hanyar don kawar da ƙetare 22. Sabon KCR zai yi kama da jirgin Orange na [[Lahore]]. Sabon KCR zai sami tashoshin hadin gwiwa tare da Karachi Metrobus a wuraren haɗuwa. Shirin zai fara aiki a shekarar 2025.&nbsp; Tare da cibiyarta a tashar Karachi City a kan I. I. Chundrigar Road, KCR za ta haɗa cibiyar birni tare da gundumomi da yawa na masana'antu, kasuwanci da zama a cikin birni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Karachi Circular Railway Revival, Pakistan |url=http://www.railway-technology.com/projects/karachicircularrailw/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007082233/http://www.railway-technology.com/projects/karachicircularrailw/ |archive-date=7 October 2012 |access-date=4 October 2012 |publisher=railway-technology.com}}</ref> An fara sabis na tramway a 1884 a Karachi amma an rufe shi a 1975. Koyaya, mai kula da Karachi Iftikhar Ali ne ya ba da shawarar farfado da sabis na tramway. Turkiyya ta ba da taimako a farfadowa da ƙaddamar da sabis na tramway na zamani a Karachi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2020 |title=Turkey offers help in bringing iconic tram service back to Karachi |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2264436/turkey-offers-help-in-bringing-iconic-tram-service-back-to-karachi?amp=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828142222/https://tribune.com.pk/story/2264436/turkey-offers-help-in-bringing-iconic-tram-service-back-to-karachi?amp=1 |archive-date=28 August 2021 |access-date=28 August 2021}}</ref> Filin jirgin saman Jinnah na Karachi shine filin jirgin sama mafi yawan jama'a a Pakistan tare da jimlar fasinjoji miliyan 7.2 a cikin 2018. An gina tsarin tashar na yanzu a cikin 1992, kuma an raba shi zuwa sassan kasa da kasa da na cikin gida. Filin jirgin saman Karachi yana aiki ne a matsayin cibiyar ga mai ɗaukar tutar, Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), da kuma Air Indus, Serene Air da airblue. Filin jirgin saman yana ba da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ba tare da tsayawa ba zuwa wurare a duk Gabashin Asiya, Kudancin Asiya, Kudu maso gabashin Asiya, Asiya ta Tsakiya, Jihohin Gulf, Turai da Arewacin Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan International Airlines – Pakistan International Airlines – PIA |url=https://www.piac.com.pk/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726225316/http://www.piac.com.pk/PIA_About/intnetwork.asp |archive-date=26 July 2014 |website=www.piac.com.pk}}</ref>&nbsp; Babban tashar jiragen ruwa a Pakistan shine tashar jiragen kasa ta Karachi da tashar jiragen sama ta Qasim da ke kusa, tsohon shine tashar jirgin ruwa mafi tsufa a Pakistan. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Qasim tana da nisan kilomita 35 (22 miles) a gabashin Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Karachi a bakin [[Kogin Indus]]. Wadannan tashoshin jiragen ruwa suna kula da kashi 95% na kayan kasuwanci na Pakistan zuwa da kuma daga tashoshin kasashen waje. Wadannan tashoshin jiragen ruwa suna da kayan aiki na zamani waɗanda suka haɗa da sarrafawa mai yawa, kwantena da tashoshin mai.{{Sfn|Robert Stimson|Kingsley E. Haynes|2012}} Tashoshin jiragen ruwa suna daga cikin Hanyar siliki ta Maritime . <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 March 2016 |title=The new Silk Road and the Sea |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/107317-The-new-Silk-Road-and-the-Sea |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027070721/https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/107317-The-new-Silk-Road-and-the-Sea |archive-date=27 October 2021 |access-date=3 October 2021 |website=www.thenews.com.pk}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Karachi}} [[Category:Biranen Pakistan]] lit1olidurzy7aoht4r7aympw9wh659 0 7127 863636 686698 2026-06-22T05:41:57Z Nura Bello 24854 863636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Lahorecollage3.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Lahore.]] [[File:Royal mosque Lahore.jpg|thumb|hoton massalacin lahore]] '''Lahore''' Birni ne, da ke a jihar [[Punjba (Pakistan)|Punjab]], a ƙasar [[Pakistan]]. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha bakwai 2017, jimilar mutane miliyan goma sha ɗaya da dubu ɗari da ashirin da shida da ɗari biyu da tamanin da biyar 11,126,285 (miliyan sha ɗaya da dubu dari ɗaya da a Shirin da shida da dari biyu da tamanin da biyar). An gina birnin Lahore bayan karni na goma bayan haifuwan annabi Isah A.S. ==Hotuna.== <gallery> File:Qurtaba_chowk_lahore.jpg|Qurtaba Chowk, Lahore File:Muharram-in-Lahore-1857.jpg|Lahore, 1857. File:Kos_Minar,_Manawan,_Lahore.jpg|Kos Minar, Manawan, Lahore. File:June_19_2004_Water_Tank_In_Lahore.jpeg|Water_Tank in Lahore, 2004. File:Gurdwara_Dera_Sahib_Lahore.jpg|Gurdwara Dera Sahib, Lahore. File:Chowk_A.G._Office,_Lahore_-_panoramio.jpg File:Photograph_of_the_Sheesh_Mahal_in_the_Fort_in_Lahore,_circa_1895.jpg|Hoton Sheesh Mahal a cikin Fort a Lahore, 1895. </gallery> ==Manazarta.== {{DEFAULTSORT:Lahore}} [[Category:Biranen Pakistan]] l9eu6r6ffx8y96jx3fz4uuj9rdo5bnt 0 9051 863344 702689 2026-06-21T16:55:49Z Myusuf2001 28215 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354287282|Batsari]]" 863344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement||official_name=Batsari|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]] and town|motto=|image_skyline=|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=Nigeria|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=250|pushpin_map_caption=Location in Nigeria|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name={{flag|Nigeria}}|subdivision_type1=[[States of Nigeria|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Katsina State]]|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=Chairman|leader_name=Mannir Mu’azu Ruma|established_title=Established|established_date=1989 [https://web.archive.org/web/20100203044055/http://www.batsarilga.kts-ng.org/] <!-- Area --------------------->|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=1107|area_land_km2=<!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> <!-- Population ----------------------->|population_as_of=2006 census|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=208,978|population_density_km2=|population_density_urban_sq_mi=|population_blank1_title=Ethnicities|population_blank1=|population_blank2_title=Religions|population_blank2=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=<!-- General information --------------->|timezone=[[West Africa Time|WAT]]|utc_offset=+1|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates={{coord|12|45|10|N|7|14|31|E|type:adm2nd_region:NG|display=inline,title}}|mapframe=yes|mapframe-zoom=8|mapframe-wikidata=yes|mapframe-marker=village|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->|postal_code_type=3-digit postal code prefix|postal_code=820|area_code=|iso_code=NG.KT.BTR|website=|footnotes=}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Infobox settlement/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Batsari</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]] da gari</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<mapframe zoom="8" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Batsari","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#606060"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q4869633"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Batsari"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q4869633"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[7.241944444444444,12.752777777777778],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Batsari","marker-symbol":"village"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption">Taswirar hulɗa ta Batsari</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[Fayil:Nigeria_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|250x250px|Batsari is located in Nigeria]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:12.472%;left:40.323%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[Fayil:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Batsari]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Batsari</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Wurin da yake a Najeriya</div></div></div></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Hanyar sadarwa: 12°45′10′′N 7°14′31′′E / 12.75278°N 7.24194°E / 12.45278; 7.24194.<indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Batsari&params=12_45_10_N_7_14_31_E_type:adm2nd_region:NG <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°45′10″N</span> <span class="longitude">7°14′31″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.75278°N 7.24194°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">12.75278; 7.24194</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |<span class="flagicon nowrap">[[Fayil:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]] </span>[[Najeriya]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jiha]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An kafa shi | class="infobox-data" |1989 [https://web.archive.org/web/20100203044055/http://www.batsarilga.kts-ng.org/] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Gwamnati<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Shugaban&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Mannir Mu'azu Ruma |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yankin<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |1,107 km² (427 sq mi) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yawan jama'a (ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006) <div class="ib-settlement-fn">Ƙididdigar shekara ta 2006<span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |208,978 |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yankin lokaci | class="infobox-data" |UTC+1 ([[Lokacin Yammacin Afirka|WAT]]) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Adadin lambar gidan waya na lambobi 3 | class="infobox-data adr" |<div class="postal-code">820</div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Lambobin ISO 3166 | class="infobox-data nickname" |NG. KT. BTR |} '''Batsari''' yanki ne na karamar hukuma a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]], [[Najeriya]] . Hedkwatar ta tana cikin garin Batsari . Yana da yanki na 1,107 km{{Sup|2}} da yawan jama'a 208,978 a ƙidayar shekara ta 2006.&nbsp; Lambar gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 820.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Post Offices- with map of LGA |url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007011423/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx |archive-date=7 October 2009 |access-date=2009-10-20 |publisher=NIPOST}}</ref> == Yanayin yanayi == Lokacin rigar da ya fi yawa tare da sararin sama mai hazo, lokacin bushe tare da sarari mai hazo, da yanayin zafi yana duk shekara a Batsari.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Batsari Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/55143/Average-Weather-in-Batsari-Nigeria-Year-Round#google_vignette |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Batsari, Katsina, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data |url=https://tcktcktck.org/nigeria/katsina/batsari |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=tcktcktck.org}}</ref> === Matsakaicin zafin jiki === Tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun na 97 °F (36 °C) ° C (97 ° F), lokacin zafi ya ɗauki watanni 2.3, daga Maris 17 zuwa Mayu 27. Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Batsari, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 101 °F (38 °C) ° C (101 ° F) da ƙananan zafin jiki ya 76 °F (24 °C) ° C (76 ° F). Tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun a ƙasa da 87 °F (31 °C) ° C (87 ° F), lokacin sanyi ya ɗauki watanni 1.6, daga Disamba 9 zuwa Janairu 85 °F (29 °C). Janairu shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara a Batsari, tare da yawan 29 ° C (85 ° F) da kuma ƙasa na 59 °F (15 °C) ° C (59 ° F). [1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 8pzbeco2b63axcaofbx01c2ciuspnx1 863346 863344 2026-06-21T16:56:37Z Myusuf2001 28215 863346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement||official_name=Batsari|other_name=|native_name=|nickname=|settlement_type=[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]] and town|motto=|image_skyline=|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_map=|mapsize=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=Nigeria|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_mapsize=250|pushpin_map_caption=Location in Nigeria|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name={{flag|Nigeria}}|subdivision_type1=[[States of Nigeria|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Katsina State]]|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=Chairman|leader_name=Mannir Mu’azu Ruma|established_title=Established|established_date=1989 [https://web.archive.org/web/20100203044055/http://www.batsarilga.kts-ng.org/] <!-- Area --------------------->|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=1107|area_land_km2=<!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> <!-- Population ----------------------->|population_as_of=2006 census|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=208,978|population_density_km2=|population_density_urban_sq_mi=|population_blank1_title=Ethnicities|population_blank1=|population_blank2_title=Religions|population_blank2=|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=<!-- General information --------------->|timezone=[[West Africa Time|WAT]]|utc_offset=+1|timezone_DST=|utc_offset_DST=|coordinates={{coord|12|45|10|N|7|14|31|E|type:adm2nd_region:NG|display=inline,title}}|mapframe=yes|mapframe-zoom=8|mapframe-wikidata=yes|mapframe-marker=village|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=|elevation_ft=<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->|postal_code_type=3-digit postal code prefix|postal_code=820|area_code=|iso_code=NG.KT.BTR|website=|footnotes=}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Infobox settlement/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Batsari</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">[[Local Government Areas of Nigeria|LGA]] da gari</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<mapframe zoom="8" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Batsari","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":2,"fill":"#606060"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q4869633"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Batsari"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q4869633"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[7.241944444444444,12.752777777777778],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#5E74F3","title":"Batsari","marker-symbol":"village"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption">Taswirar hulɗa ta Batsari</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[Fayil:Nigeria_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|250x250px|Batsari is located in Nigeria]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:12.472%;left:40.323%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[Fayil:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Batsari]]</div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Batsari</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Wurin da yake a Najeriya</div></div></div></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Hanyar sadarwa: 12°45′10′′N 7°14′31′′E / 12.75278°N 7.24194°E / 12.45278; 7.24194.<indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Batsari&params=12_45_10_N_7_14_31_E_type:adm2nd_region:NG <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°45′10″N</span> <span class="longitude">7°14′31″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.75278°N 7.24194°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">12.75278; 7.24194</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |<span class="flagicon nowrap">[[Fayil:Flag_of_Nigeria.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]] </span>[[Najeriya]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|Jiha]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An kafa shi | class="infobox-data" |1989 [https://web.archive.org/web/20100203044055/http://www.batsarilga.kts-ng.org/] |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Gwamnati<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |• Shugaban&nbsp;&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Mannir Mu'azu Ruma |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yankin<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |1,107 km² (427 sq mi) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |- class="mergedtoprow" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Yawan jama'a (ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006) <div class="ib-settlement-fn">Ƙididdigar shekara ta 2006<span class="nowrap">&nbsp;</span></div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="white-space:nowrap;">• Jimillar&nbsp;&nbsp;</div> | class="infobox-data" |208,978 |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yankin lokaci | class="infobox-data" |UTC+1 ([[Lokacin Yammacin Afirka|WAT]]) |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Adadin lambar gidan waya na lambobi 3 | class="infobox-data adr" |<div class="postal-code">820</div> |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Lambobin ISO 3166 | class="infobox-data nickname" |NG. KT. BTR |} {{Databox}} '''Batsari''' yanki ne na karamar hukuma a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]], [[Najeriya]] . Hedkwatar ta tana cikin garin Batsari . Yana da yanki na 1,107 km{{Sup|2}} da yawan jama'a 208,978 a ƙidayar shekara ta 2006.&nbsp; Lambar gidan waya ta yankin ita ce 820.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Post Offices- with map of LGA |url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007011423/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx |archive-date=7 October 2009 |access-date=2009-10-20 |publisher=NIPOST}}</ref> == Yanayin yanayi == Lokacin rigar da ya fi yawa tare da sararin sama mai hazo, lokacin bushe tare da sarari mai hazo, da yanayin zafi yana duk shekara a Batsari.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Batsari Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/55143/Average-Weather-in-Batsari-Nigeria-Year-Round#google_vignette |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=weatherspark.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Batsari, Katsina, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data |url=https://tcktcktck.org/nigeria/katsina/batsari |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=tcktcktck.org}}</ref> === Matsakaicin zafin jiki === Tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun na 97 °F (36 °C) ° C (97 ° F), lokacin zafi ya ɗauki watanni 2.3, daga Maris 17 zuwa Mayu 27. Afrilu shine watan da ya fi zafi a shekara a Batsari, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 101 °F (38 °C) ° C (101 ° F) da ƙananan zafin jiki ya 76 °F (24 °C) ° C (76 ° F). Tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun a ƙasa da 87 °F (31 °C) ° C (87 ° F), lokacin sanyi ya ɗauki watanni 1.6, daga Disamba 9 zuwa Janairu 85 °F (29 °C). Janairu shine watan da ya fi sanyi a shekara a Batsari, tare da yawan 29 ° C (85 ° F) da kuma ƙasa na 59 °F (15 °C) ° C (59 ° F). [1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} a76e27gdp8j1yfbjzttmcfvdqllsq01 0 9202 863269 708598 2026-06-21T15:33:02Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863269 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.'' == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar. Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar. == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi. == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] hdskdq63ps2r5v0xdf2gejlkz82sh2k 863272 863269 2026-06-21T15:33:51Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863272 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar. Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar. == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi. == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 7pmfwd3bfficzhu0ry65nlsye02so0q 863275 863272 2026-06-21T15:34:31Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863275 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar. <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar. == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi. == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] lmyw1w6wyecznm6ocid1jn7cj98hwry 863278 863275 2026-06-21T15:35:28Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863278 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar. == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi. == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 9yszhk8ksofjkn6pse8ugk8699fxiv4 863279 863278 2026-06-21T15:36:33Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863279 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi. == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 2bznwa0g8sicqwv9p2yl1886n6wdjyw 863281 863279 2026-06-21T15:37:14Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi. == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] lbekpw62if1d3z9irge7kzal2vyjr8m 863283 863281 2026-06-21T15:37:54Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863283 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi. == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] bmq07ntgl5gxblgby2t7uigaeo2lm3m 863284 863283 2026-06-21T15:38:47Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863284 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] j04fzry0nso4xvgehwopsv0hoetvbgv 863285 863284 2026-06-21T15:39:33Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863285 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 5736pyr57n97vvf5ebfubgm3f4cqv6f 863286 863285 2026-06-21T15:40:26Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] n9p0svpro9yh7rnu9yglxl2nia8bqns 863287 863286 2026-06-21T15:41:04Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863287 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref><ref>Odogwu, Greg (28 September 2022). "Lokoja flood: 2012 and lessons not learnt". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya. == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] fqkf3u2jguyygzzj0f5ti0j5z4rsj9w 863290 863287 2026-06-21T15:41:54Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863290 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref><ref>Odogwu, Greg (28 September 2022). "Lokoja flood: 2012 and lessons not learnt". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya.<ref>"'Kogi Lost Property Worth N63bn to Flood in 2012' - THISDAYLIVE". This Day. Retrieved 29 July 2023</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 6b6qc1uvrynxxbv2mjlkswwvb8wh7ay 863293 863290 2026-06-21T15:42:48Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863293 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref><ref>Odogwu, Greg (28 September 2022). "Lokoja flood: 2012 and lessons not learnt". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya.<ref>"'Kogi Lost Property Worth N63bn to Flood in 2012' - THISDAYLIVE". This Day. Retrieved 29 July 2023</ref><ref>guelp (10 April 2024). "Discover 13 Captivating Facts About Kogi State". Kogi State Hub. Retrieved 19 May 2024.</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] cb8wujt49bru8k1e2joqnfcfdxc3qww 863295 863293 2026-06-21T15:45:29Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref><ref>Odogwu, Greg (28 September 2022). "Lokoja flood: 2012 and lessons not learnt". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya.<ref>"'Kogi Lost Property Worth N63bn to Flood in 2012' - THISDAYLIVE". This Day. Retrieved 29 July 2023</ref><ref>guelp (10 April 2024). "Discover 13 Captivating Facts About Kogi State". Kogi State Hub. Retrieved 19 May 2024.</ref><ref>"Dailytrust News, Sports and Business, Politics | Dailytrust". Daily Trust. Retrieved 1 September 2022</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala. * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 1cbs7z4f21kmx111fy3xbgkcexhp0dd 863297 863295 2026-06-21T15:46:38Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref><ref>Odogwu, Greg (28 September 2022). "Lokoja flood: 2012 and lessons not learnt". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya.<ref>"'Kogi Lost Property Worth N63bn to Flood in 2012' - THISDAYLIVE". This Day. Retrieved 29 July 2023</ref><ref>guelp (10 April 2024). "Discover 13 Captivating Facts About Kogi State". Kogi State Hub. Retrieved 19 May 2024.</ref><ref>"Dailytrust News, Sports and Business, Politics | Dailytrust". Daily Trust. Retrieved 1 September 2022</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala.<ref>"Stalking Nollywood's beloved actress, Halima Abubakar". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 5 September 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2021</ref> * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara. * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 2i4qy8kbbatopu8cxmfrcduum3pb3rh 863299 863297 2026-06-21T15:47:29Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863299 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref><ref>Odogwu, Greg (28 September 2022). "Lokoja flood: 2012 and lessons not learnt". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya.<ref>"'Kogi Lost Property Worth N63bn to Flood in 2012' - THISDAYLIVE". This Day. Retrieved 29 July 2023</ref><ref>guelp (10 April 2024). "Discover 13 Captivating Facts About Kogi State". Kogi State Hub. Retrieved 19 May 2024.</ref><ref>"Dailytrust News, Sports and Business, Politics | Dailytrust". Daily Trust. Retrieved 1 September 2022</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala.<ref>"Stalking Nollywood's beloved actress, Halima Abubakar". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 5 September 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2021</ref> * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara.<ref>Simire, Michael (26 July 2021). "Energy crisis: How investment in renewables, distribution mechanisms can bridge deficit – Segun Adaju". EnviroNews Nigeria. Retrieved 26 December 2023.</ref> * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] hs5m438equgv0awy9txdboa58sq1fzn 863300 863299 2026-06-21T15:48:38Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863300 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref><ref>Odogwu, Greg (28 September 2022). "Lokoja flood: 2012 and lessons not learnt". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya.<ref>"'Kogi Lost Property Worth N63bn to Flood in 2012' - THISDAYLIVE". This Day. Retrieved 29 July 2023</ref><ref>guelp (10 April 2024). "Discover 13 Captivating Facts About Kogi State". Kogi State Hub. Retrieved 19 May 2024.</ref><ref>"Dailytrust News, Sports and Business, Politics | Dailytrust". Daily Trust. Retrieved 1 September 2022</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala.<ref>"Stalking Nollywood's beloved actress, Halima Abubakar". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 5 September 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2021</ref> * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara.<ref>Simire, Michael (26 July 2021). "Energy crisis: How investment in renewables, distribution mechanisms can bridge deficit – Segun Adaju". EnviroNews Nigeria. Retrieved 26 December 2023.</ref> * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, <ref>"Canadian varsity unveils centre in honour of Pius Adesanmi". Punch Newspapers. 17 February 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2023</ref>[[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress. * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] ss303wzomkpkhl6k0pphqr6xovg65tj 863301 863300 2026-06-21T15:49:25Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863301 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref><ref>Odogwu, Greg (28 September 2022). "Lokoja flood: 2012 and lessons not learnt". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya.<ref>"'Kogi Lost Property Worth N63bn to Flood in 2012' - THISDAYLIVE". This Day. Retrieved 29 July 2023</ref><ref>guelp (10 April 2024). "Discover 13 Captivating Facts About Kogi State". Kogi State Hub. Retrieved 19 May 2024.</ref><ref>"Dailytrust News, Sports and Business, Politics | Dailytrust". Daily Trust. Retrieved 1 September 2022</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala.<ref>"Stalking Nollywood's beloved actress, Halima Abubakar". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 5 September 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2021</ref> * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara.<ref>Simire, Michael (26 July 2021). "Energy crisis: How investment in renewables, distribution mechanisms can bridge deficit – Segun Adaju". EnviroNews Nigeria. Retrieved 26 December 2023.</ref> * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, <ref>"Canadian varsity unveils centre in honour of Pius Adesanmi". Punch Newspapers. 17 February 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2023</ref>[[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress.<ref>"Kogi CJ, who died in isolation centre, buried in Abuja". Punch Newspapers. 29 June 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2023.</ref> * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci. * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 5ob7irp72s12lz5irjvlowck3f326j8 863304 863301 2026-06-21T15:50:24Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863304 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref><ref>Odogwu, Greg (28 September 2022). "Lokoja flood: 2012 and lessons not learnt". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya.<ref>"'Kogi Lost Property Worth N63bn to Flood in 2012' - THISDAYLIVE". This Day. Retrieved 29 July 2023</ref><ref>guelp (10 April 2024). "Discover 13 Captivating Facts About Kogi State". Kogi State Hub. Retrieved 19 May 2024.</ref><ref>"Dailytrust News, Sports and Business, Politics | Dailytrust". Daily Trust. Retrieved 1 September 2022</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala.<ref>"Stalking Nollywood's beloved actress, Halima Abubakar". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 5 September 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2021</ref> * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara.<ref>Simire, Michael (26 July 2021). "Energy crisis: How investment in renewables, distribution mechanisms can bridge deficit – Segun Adaju". EnviroNews Nigeria. Retrieved 26 December 2023.</ref> * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, <ref>"Canadian varsity unveils centre in honour of Pius Adesanmi". Punch Newspapers. 17 February 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2023</ref>[[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress.<ref>"Kogi CJ, who died in isolation centre, buried in Abuja". Punch Newspapers. 29 June 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2023.</ref> * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci.<ref>Adeolu (17 September 2019). "AJAYI, Mr. Samuel Aliyu (OFR)". Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation. Retrieved 25 June 2021.</ref> * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma. * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 4exqgyxocoulx3wnvs2rdhuhakzphz9 863307 863304 2026-06-21T15:51:26Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863307 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}}{{databox}} [[File:A_Church_in_Mangogo,_Kogi_state.jpg |thumb|Cocin Mangogo, Jihar Kogi ]] [[Fayil:Okene, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|cikin garin kogi]] [[Fayil:A road network in Mangogo, Kogi state.jpg|thumb|hoton wani titi a kogi]] '''Jihar Kogi''' jiha ce wadda take a Arewa maso Tsakiya Najeriya kuma gida ce ga Jami'ar Tarayya (Lokoja), [[Jami'ar Jihar Kogi]] Anyigba, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta ''Confluence Osara Federal Polytechnic Idah'', [[Kwalejin kimiyya ta jihar kogi|Kogi State Polytechnic]](Lokoja), ''Federal College'' na Education(Okene), College of Education(Ankpa), ''College of Agriculture Kabba'', ''Kogi state college of education,'' Technical(Kabba)and the Private Salem University Lokoja<ref>Onyeakagbu, Adaobi. "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref>''. Akwai kwalejin koyon aikin jinya da ungozoma a Anyigba da Obangede, makarantar fasahar kiwon lafiya da ke Idah, da kuma makarantar koyon aikin jinya ta ECWA da ke Egbe.''<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021</ref> == Wasanni == Jihar Kogi ta samar da ‘yan gudun hijira irin su Sunday Bada da sauran ’yan wasa, wadanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasar wasanni a duniya.Kogi United da Babanawa FC kungiyoyin [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne da ke jihar.Sauran wasanni, kamar su ninkaya,ƙwallon hannu,da wasan tennis ana haɓaka su sosai a cikin jihar.<ref>Abisola, Shojobi (11 November 2025). "Skyboo Express and Logistics Solidifies Global Dominance As Leading Asset-Light Modal Logistics Operator". Independent. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 June 2026</ref> <ref>"Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 December 2021</ref>Majalisar wasanni ta jihar Kogi tana da tarihin Daraktoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikata waɗanda a wani lokaci ko waninsu suka yi aiki tare da hangen nesa na sanya jihar gabaɗaya a taswirar duniya.Daga cikin su akwai mutane kamar Mista Francis Umoru,Mista Mohammed Emeje,''Mista Benjamin O.Ameje'',Mista A.Ogido,Mista Joel J.Abu da sauransu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2023}}</link> Daga cikin sauran ’yan wasan da jihar ke samarwa akwai [[Shola Ameobi]],wani [[Ayetoro Gbede]] haifaffen [[Ijumu]],ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila,a halin yanzu yana buga wa Bolton Wanderers a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba,marigayi Sunday Bada 400 Mita 400 Gwarzon Olympic daga Ogidi a Ijumu Local Govt.na jihar.<ref>Akanbi, Festus. "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". This Day. Retrieved 25 December 2021.</ref><ref>"Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> == Siyasa == Gwamnatin jihar na karkashin jagorancin zababben gwamnan da ke aiki kafada da kafada da ‘yan majalisar dokokin jihar. Babban birnin jihar shine Lokoja<ref>Oguntoyin, J.S. (1987). A Geography of Nigerian Development. Ibadan: Heinemann.</ref><ref>Onyedinefu, Godsgift (6 October 2022). "Motorists stranded, properties destroyed as Kogi battles 'worst flood'". Businessday NG. Retrieved 31 October 2022.</ref> === Tsarin zabe === Ana zabar tsarin zaɓen kowace jiha ta amfani da tsarin zagaye biyu da aka gyara. Idan za a zabe shi a zagayen farko, dole ne dan takara ya samu yawan kuri’u da sama da kashi 25% na kuri’u a akalla kashi biyu bisa uku na kananan hukumomin Jiha da na kananan hukumomi.Idan babu dan takara da ya tsallake rijiya da baya,za a yi zagaye na biyu tsakanin wanda ya fi kowanne dan takara da dan takara na gaba wanda ya samu kuri’u masu yawa a mafi yawan kananan hukumomi.<ref>Admin. "Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Land Use/Land Cover in Kogi State, Nigeria".</ref><ref>"Kogi after 2012 floods". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria</ref><ref>Odogwu, Greg (28 September 2022). "Lokoja flood: 2012 and lessons not learnt". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> == Majalisar Dattawa == Sanatoci uku ne ke wakiltar jihar Kogi tun bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999 a majalisar dattawa inda Kogi ta gabas da Kogi ta yamma da kuma Kogi ta tsakiya suka samar da guda daya.<ref>"'Kogi Lost Property Worth N63bn to Flood in 2012' - THISDAYLIVE". This Day. Retrieved 29 July 2023</ref><ref>guelp (10 April 2024). "Discover 13 Captivating Facts About Kogi State". Kogi State Hub. Retrieved 19 May 2024.</ref><ref>"Dailytrust News, Sports and Business, Politics | Dailytrust". Daily Trust. Retrieved 1 September 2022</ref> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Ayegba Omaidoko]],first Attah Igala.<ref>"Stalking Nollywood's beloved actress, Halima Abubakar". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 5 September 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2021</ref> * [[Prosper Ochimana]],mawaƙin bishara.<ref>Simire, Michael (26 July 2021). "Energy crisis: How investment in renewables, distribution mechanisms can bridge deficit – Segun Adaju". EnviroNews Nigeria. Retrieved 26 December 2023.</ref> * [[Danladi Mohammed Zakari]],First Military Administrator of Kogi State, <ref>"Canadian varsity unveils centre in honour of Pius Adesanmi". Punch Newspapers. 17 February 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2023</ref>[[Najeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Halima Abubakar]],Nollywood Actress.<ref>"Kogi CJ, who died in isolation centre, buried in Abuja". Punch Newspapers. 29 June 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2023.</ref> * [[Segun Adaju]],dan kasuwa,Shugaba na Consistent Energy Limited kuma shugaban,Renewable Energy Association Nigeria(REAN). * Pius Adesanmi,haifaffen Najeriya, farfesa dan kasar Kanada,marubuci, mai sukar adabi,satirist,kuma marubuci.<ref>Adeolu (17 September 2019). "AJAYI, Mr. Samuel Aliyu (OFR)". Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation. Retrieved 25 June 2021.</ref> * [[Smart Adeyemi]],Sanata mai wakiltar mazabar Kogi ta yamma.<ref>"Tolulope Arotile… Salute to superwoman who broke glass ceiling". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 18 July 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2021</ref> * [[Nasir Ajanah]],masanin shari'a wanda yayi aiki a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Kogi. * SA Ajayi,Dan Jahar Najeriya wanda ya taimaka wajen sasanta Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai.Tsohon ministan gandun daji, ministan ilimi, * Seth Sunday Ajayi, masanin kimiyya, masani, kuma Farfesa na farko na Afirka Emeritus na Dabbobin Dabbobi. * Esther Titilayo Akinlabi,Farfesa a Injiniya Injiniya kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Rayuwa da Kimiyyar Duniya ta Pan African(PAULESI), Najeriya.Ta kasance Shugabar Sashen,Kimiyyar Injiniya Injiniya, Faculty of Engineering da Gina Muhalli,Jami'ar Johannesburg(UJ), Afirka ta Kudu. * [[Shola Ameobi]],tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gaba. * [[Tolulope Arotile]](1995–2020), Matukin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. * [[Sefi Atta]],marubuci,marubuci,ɗan gajeren labari,marubucin wasan kwaikwayo,kuma marubucin allo. * [[Abubakar Audu]],farar hula na farko kuma gwamnan jihar sau biyu (1992-1993 da 1999-2003). * [[Yahaya Bello]],Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2016 har zuwa yau). * [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]],Actor. * Darey-Darey Art Alade. * [[Abiodun Faleke]],mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kasuwanci da dabaru kuma ɗan siyasa. * [[Ibrahim Idris]],tsohon gwamnan jihar (2003-2011). * Jaywon,Musician. * David Jemibewon,Manjo-Janar mai ritaya wanda ya taba rike mukamin gwamnan soji na rusasshiyar Jihar Yamma a yanzu,sannan kuma ya zama Ministan Harkokin ‘Yan Sanda a majalisar ministocin Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. * [[Mercy Johnson]],Jarumar Nollywood. * Joseph Makoju,tsohon GM na NEPA. * [[Dino Melaye]], tsohon Sanata daga Kogi ta Yamma. * Oladele John Nihi, tsohon shugaban majalisar matasan Najeriya 2019 - 2020. Mataimakin Shugaban Yammacin Afirka, Kungiyar Matasan Afirka ta Pan-African (2021 har zuwa yau). * John Obaro, ɗan kasuwan fasaha, mai magana da jama'a, kuma wanda ya kafa SystemSpecs Nigeria Limited. * [[Bayo Ojo]], tsohon babban lauyan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya. * [[Nike Davies-Okundaye]], yar Najeriya batik kuma mai zane Adire. * Jide Omokore, fitaccen dan kasuwa ne wanda ke da sha'awar kasuwancin mai / bincike, ruwa, sabis na jigilar kaya, karfe, injiniyan bushewa, da haɓaka kadarori. * Edward David Onoja, tsohon shugaban ma'aikatan gwamna [[Yahaya Bello]] 2016 - 2019. Mataimakin Gwamnan Jihar Kogi (2019 har zuwa yau). * Praiz, marubucin waƙa, Artist. * [[Idris Wada]], tsohon gwamnan jihar (2011-2016). * [[Folashade Yemi-Esan]], shugabar ma'aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. * [[Ahmed Usman Ododo]] Gwamnan Jihar Kogi * [[Salifu Joel]] mataimakin gwamnan Kogi ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Winners_chapel_church_in_Okene,_Kogi_state.jpg|Cocin Winners chapel da ke a Okene, Jihar Kogi File:Shrine_in_Ogbogbo.jpg|Wurin bauta a Ogbogbo File:River_Niger_in_Kogi_state_Nigeria.jpg|Kogin Neja da ke a Jihar Kogi File:Aminu_Kano_and_Bello_Ijumu_(1956).jpg|Malam [[Aminu Kano]] tare da [[Bello Ijumu]] File:Ankpa_local_government_Aerial_view.jpg|Karamar hukumar Ankpa, Jihar Kogi </gallery> == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.kogistate.gov.ng Yanar Gizo] [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 4p9sdufjjek0sh8siru84qdtr8uxp70 0 9244 863341 714817 2026-06-21T16:45:41Z Kaddi123 38060 863341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Goronyo''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya| karamar hukuma]] ce dake a [[Jihar Sokoto]], Arewa maso yamman kasar [[Nijeriya]]. {{Stub}} [[Category: Kananan hukumomin jihar Sokoto]] tanada kauyuka kamar taloka,shinanka,kwakwazo,rimawa,goronyo lokal government a ce a jahar sokoto,tana yankin sokoto ta gabasa,tana makabata ka daga lokal government,ita ce lokal government da ada rima dama, lokal government ce da take Yan Boko da Yan kasuwa,sai dai mutane wannan lokal government sunfi Maida hankali ga noma masaman noma dama na da rani,suna noma Albasa da tataisai da tafarnuwa da saura kayan gonna, wannan lokal government tana day Dan majalisa jaha guda. iolrkcjpvqop0okcc2rkgcjq0oh8kum 0 10210 863621 471511 2026-06-22T05:33:25Z Nura Bello 24854 863621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Wisconsin in United States.svg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Madison, Wisconsin view from Lake Monona.jpg|thumb|Garin Wisconsin]] '''Wisconsin''' jiha ce daga jihohin ƙasar [[Tarayyar Amurka]], a Arewa maso Gabashin ƙasar. Jihar Tarayyar Amurka ne daga shekara ta 1848. Babban birnin jihar Wisconsin, [[Madison]] ne. Jihar Wyoming yana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita arabba’i 169,640, da yawan jama'a 5,795,483. [[File:Beaver Dam, Wisconsin Downtown.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Lancaster, Wisconsin City Hall.jpg|thumb|cikin garin '''Wisconsin''']] [[File:Beaver Dam. Wisconsin S Spring Street downtown 1st cfrop 1280 X.jpg|left|thumb|133x133px|Kan titi]] Gwamnan jihar Wisconsin [[Tony Evers]] ne, daga zaben gwamnan a shekara ta 2018. [[File:Wisconsin State flag at the Capitol.jpg|frameless]] ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Mill_Pond_Park_Menomonee_Falls_Wisconsin_9508.jpg|Mill Pond Park File:Chamber_of_Commerce_Milwaukee_engraving.jpg|Chamber of Commerce (1879) File:Williams_Free_Library_front.jpg|Williams Free Library, Beaver Dam, Wisconsin (1890-91) File:0712_Hoard_Museum-01.JPG|Hoard Historical Museum in Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin File:MadisonCapitol.jpg|Madison Capitol </gallery> ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Wisconsin}} [[Category:Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka]]. {{Jihohin Taraiyar Amurka}} bnsjlgdgznxlx6poayglynvdr1a6sam 0 10255 863617 508740 2026-06-22T05:30:26Z Nura Bello 24854 863617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Felton, Delaware Main Street 2015 - Felton Historic District.jpg|thumb|delaware]] [[Fayil:Washington Crossing the Delaware by Emanuel Leutze, MMA-NYC, 1851.jpg|thumb|yan deleware a Washington]] '''Delaware''' jiha ne daga jihohin ƙasar [[Tarayyar Amurka]], a Arewa maso Gabashin ƙasar. Jihar Tarayyar Amurka ce daga shekara ta 1787. Babban birnin jihar Delaware, [[Dover]] ne. Jihar Delaware yana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita arabba’i 5,130, da yawan jama'a 961,939. Gwamnan jihar Delaware [[John Carney]] ne, daga zaben gwamnan a shekara ta 2016. == Tarihi == == Mulki == == Arziki == == Wasanni == == Fannin tsarotsaro == == Kimiya da Fasaha == == Sifiri == === Sifirin Jirgin Sama === === Sifirin Jirgin Kasa === == Al'adu == === Mutane === === Yaruka === === Abinci === === Tufafi === == Ilimi == == Addinai == === Musulunci === === Kiristanci === == Hotuna == <gallery mode="nolines"> File:Delaware Seashore State Park DE1.jpg|Yankin Delaware File:Delaware Welcome Center DE1.jpg|Santan jihar Delaware File:University of Delaware - The Mall.jpg|Jami'ar jihar Delaware File:Delaware Route 491 Sign.jpg|Hanya a cikin jihar Delaware File:Delaware Lake 2.jpg| Gulbi a Delaware File:MV Delaware DEE1.jpg|Jirgin ruwa a Delaware File:Indian River Inlet Bridge DE5.jpg|Babban Hanyar jihar Delaware File:Fort_Christina_Park.JPG|Fort Christina Park, Delaware. File:Delaware_Law_Enforcement_Memorial.jpg|Delaware Law Enforcement Memorial. File:Thomas_Bayard_Statute.jpg|Mutum-mutumin Thomas Bayard </gallery> == Manazarta == {{DEFAULTSORT:Delaware}} [[Category:Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka]] {{Jihohin Taraiyar Amurka}} kl6iodkzfn796g31rykfrfopltryofu 0 10288 863628 560288 2026-06-22T05:37:12Z Nura Bello 24854 863628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ohio,''' jiha ce daga jihohin ƙasar [[Tarayyar Amurka]], a Arewa maso Gabashin ƙasar. Jihar Tarayyar Amurka ne daga shekara ta 1803. Babban birnin jihar Ohio,[[Columbus]] ne. Jihar Ohio yana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita arabba’i 116,096, da yawan jama'a 11,689,442. Gwamnan jihar Ohio [[Mike DeWine]] ne, daga zaben gwmanan a shekara ta 2018. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Downtown_Cincinnati_viewed_from_Devou_Park.jpg|Cincinnati, Ohio File:Ashtabula_Bridge_Disaster_Monument.jpg|Ashtabula Bridge Disaster Monument File:Butler_County_Soldiers_Monument,_High_Street,_Hamilton,_Ohio.jpg|Butler County Soldiers Monument, High Street, Hamilton, Ohio File:BGSU_Armed_Forces_Memorial.jpg|BGSU Armed Forces Memorial. File:Ohio_State_House_9-11_Memorial_2018_4.jpg|Ohio State House 9-11 Memorial, 2018 File:Downtown_Columbus_View_from_Main_St_Bridge.jpg|Columbus, Ohio File:Lewistown_High_School_Building-1890s.jpg|Lewistown High School Building-1890s File:New_Haven_Marsh.jpg|New haven marsh, Ohio File:Downtown_Akron_Ohio.jpg|Downtown Akron, Ohio File:Fortress_Obetz_main_entrance.jpg|Fortress Obetz main entrance File:USAFSAM.jpg|New USAFSAM as part of the 711 HPW campus, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio File:Cuyahoga_Valley_National_Park_(d8c8003f-9167-4075-8c73-4e878b70ca7c).jpg|Cuyahoga Valley National Park , Ohio </gallery> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ohio}} [[Category:Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka]] {{Jihohin Taraiyar Amurka}} hdstuf9wnuc63l6clcoyqtlmiryd090 0 10407 863620 471509 2026-06-22T05:31:55Z Nura Bello 24854 863620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Minnesota''' jiha ce daga jihohin ƙasar ,[[Tarayyar Amurka]], a Arewacin Tsakiyar ƙasar. Jihar Tarayyar Amurka ne daga shekara ta 1858. == Tarihi == Babban, birnin jihar Minnesota, [[Minneapolis–Saint Paul|Saint Paul]] ne. Jihar Minnesota yana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita arabba’i 225,163, da yawan jama'a 5,679,718. == Mulki == Gwamnan jihar Minnesota [[Tim Walz]] ne, daga zaben gwamnan a shekara ta 2018. == Arziki == == Wasanni == == Fannin tsarotsaro == == Kimiya da Fasaha == == Sifiri == === Sifirin Jirgin Sama === === Sifirin Jirgin Kasa === == Al'adu == === Mutane === === Yaruka === === Abinci === === Tufafi === == Ilimi == == Addinai == === Musulunci === === Kiristanci === == Hotuna == <gallery> File: Flag of Minnesota (1957–1983).svg|Tutar Jihar Minnesota File:Minnesota Capitol night, September 2012.jpg|Gidan gwamnatin Jihar Minnesota da daddare File:Minnesota Senate in the 90th Minnesota Legislature.jpg|Majalisan Jihar Minnesota File:Minnesota State Patrol stand at E Lake St and 29th Ave S in Minneapolis, Minnesota (49949772331).jpg|Yan sandan Jihar Minnesota File:Minnesota Zephyr Train (5051341575).jpg|Jirgin Ƙasan Jihar Minnesota a tasaye cak File:Henning, Minnesota 01.jpg|Gida a Minnesota File:Northern_Engraving_in_Spring_Grove.jpg|Northern Engraving in Spring Grove File:Kaposia_Village_1846.jpg|Kauyen Kaposia a shekarar 1846 File:Osseo,_Minnesota_in_1869.jpg|Osseo, Minnesota in 1869. File:Thorson_Memorial_Library_06.jpg|Thorson Memorial Library, Minnesota File:Bridge_of_Hope.jpg|Bridge of Hope, Minnesota </gallery> == Manazarta == {{DEFAULTSORT:Minnesota}} [[Category:Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka]] {{Jihohin Taraiyar Amurka}} e4ppvr3nw2t8reivnbacob9ozol1kth 0 10411 863624 304578 2026-06-22T05:35:03Z Nura Bello 24854 863624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mississippi''' jiha ce daga jihohin ƙasar [[Tarayyar Amurka]], a Kudancin Tsakiyar ƙasar. Jihar Tarayyar Amurka ce daga shekara ta 1817. == Tarihi == Babban birnin jihar Mississippi, Jackson ne. Jihar Mississippi yana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita arabba’i 125,443, da yawan jama'a 2,984,100. == Mulki == Gwamnan jihar Mississippi Phil Bryant ne, daga zaben gwamnan a shekara ta 2011. == Arziki == == Wasanni == == Fannin tsarotsaro == == Kimiya da Fasaha == == Sifiri == === Sifirin Jirgin Sama === === Sifirin Jirgin Kasa === == Al'adu == === Mutane === === Yaruka === === Abinci === === Tufafi === == Ilimi == == Addinai == === Musulunci === === Kiristanci === == Hotuna == <gallery> File:Flag of Mississippi.svg|Tutar jihar Mississippi File:Lower Mississippi barge.jpg|Kampani a Mississippi File:Mississippi State Capitol.jpg|Kapital din jihar Mississippi File:Montgomery County (Mississippi)2.jpg|Gulbi a Mississippi, guri mai daraja File:St Louis night expblend.jpg|St Louis da daddare File:Collage of Locations on the Mississippi Gulf Coast.png| Hotunan gurare daban daban na jihar Mississippi File:Strawberry_Patch_Park_2009.jpg|Strawberry Patch Park in Madison, Mississippi. File:Samuel_Dale_Monument.jpg|Samuel Dale Monument, Mississippi. File:Vicksburg3Sept2008Canon.jpg|Vicksburg, Mississippi File:Foote_Memorial.jpg|Foote Memorial, Mississippi </gallery> == Manazarta == {{DEFAULTSORT:Mississippi}} [[Category:Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka]] {{Jihohin Taraiyar Amurka}} 3dg4d6ayyf936a9exb4qtliwa7qgoo9 0 10434 863626 514819 2026-06-22T05:36:27Z Nura Bello 24854 863626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Downtown Erdenheim, Pennsylvania.jpg|thumb|Pennslyvania]] '''Pennsylvania''' ko '''Fensilfaniya''' jiha ce daga jihohin ƙasar [[Tarayyar Amurka]], a Arewa maso Gabashin ƙasar. Jihar Tarayyar Amurka ne daga shekara ta 1787. == Tarihi == Babban birnin jihar Pennsylvania, [[Harrisburg]] ne. Jihar Pennsylvania yana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita arabba’i 119,283, da yawan jama'a 12,807,060. == Hotuna == <gallery> File:Pittsburgh-pennsylvania-usx-tower.jpg|USX Tower, downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania File:David_L._Lawrence_Convention_Center,_Pittsburgh,_from_a_bridge_2006.jpg|David L. Lawrence Convention Center, downtown Pittsburgh File:Heinz_Field.jpg|Heinz Field at river level File:Bethlehem_Pennsylvania_downtown.jpg|Bethlehem Pennsylvania downtown File:Philadelphia_Panorama_From_Camden.JPG|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania File:Harrisburg_Pennsylvania_USA.jpg|Harrisburg, Pennsylvania File:Pennsylvania State Seal with Arch, Keystone Type Foundry, 1906 (background transparent).png File:Pennsylvania State Flag 1863 pubdomain.jpg File:Beaver Stadium Penn State PA1.jpg File:AllentownPA_Skyline.jpg|Allentown, Pennsylvania File:Gettysburg Battlefield, Pennsylvania, US (85).jpg File:Gettysburg Battlefield, Pennsylvania, US (69).jpg </gallery> == Manazarta == Gwamnan jihar Pennsylvania [[Tom Wolf]] ne, daga zaben gwamnan a shekara ta 2014. {{DEFAULTSORT:Pennsylvania}} [[Category:Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka]] {{Jihohin Taraiyar Amurka}} j7a4bulmw79s49fsv7pv0h1tr90cpzr 0 12340 863770 728937 2026-06-22T10:34:49Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. ===Aikin Gwamnati=== <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] tqkp9z20g75511ydme078jmtzk1i423 863772 863770 2026-06-22T10:36:24Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863772 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!' <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] qhiptz3jh9arp4uoj5lj79cw8f82irz 863777 863772 2026-06-22T10:40:55Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863777 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!' Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 5ejixta9sjhxgk4imwel5pq73e77qat 863778 863777 2026-06-22T10:43:09Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863778 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!' Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki. == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi). <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 6nar62zwizn877le0xl3pwbecpt0o0e 863779 863778 2026-06-22T10:44:08Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863779 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!' Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki. == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi). An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] nzbzi6wjrgf9bnywhpeh9cx7o8fmphz 863781 863779 2026-06-22T10:47:27Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!' Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki. == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi). An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] s2qteipq43sh6bz1owxzsett9qu4aag 863783 863781 2026-06-22T10:49:05Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!' Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki. == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi). An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 4blqrrdlwufix3oxe5ez4n3q8q420qn 863786 863783 2026-06-22T10:51:27Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 1fhtjvtjnfzdl68d9f80qpucgh3yayu 863791 863786 2026-06-22T10:53:17Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 6i21kjnzt1j0cg5trcjwvvqn2036xdx 863794 863791 2026-06-22T10:55:02Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863794 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] bki766ve81rowvuid28vcyuje5o18rv 863795 863794 2026-06-22T10:55:51Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863795 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 3wfz7xpkxgwicj7hktfjjkw80r14k1z 863796 863795 2026-06-22T10:57:02Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863796 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara''' An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] igfsdelks8nkrv1q6p7x0s9ta036cd4 863797 863796 2026-06-22T10:57:41Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863797 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 1rja4qnr14k9nz5qbt4tzsd294f8t7u 863798 863797 2026-06-22T10:59:00Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 9woqc35sghhf21ha65eqvfzb8rlfdht 863799 863798 2026-06-22T11:00:05Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". == Muhalli == A shekarun 1980, lokacin da ilimin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, Thomas Sankara yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin da suka ɗauki kariyar muhalli a matsayin fifiko. Ya shiga manyan yaƙe-yaƙe guda uku: da gobarar daji, 'wanda za a ɗauke shi a matsayin laifuka kuma za a hukunta shi kamar haka'; da yawo da shanu, 'wanda ke tauye haƙƙin mutane saboda dabbobin da ba su da kulawa suna lalata yanayi'; da kuma yankan itace mai cike da rudani, 'wanda sana'arsa za ta kasance mai tsari da tsari'. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] szfdq404y9s1xcmrtvmzj27s0mp9ttf 863800 863799 2026-06-22T11:01:09Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". == Muhalli == A shekarun 1980, lokacin da ilimin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, Thomas Sankara yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin da suka ɗauki kariyar muhalli a matsayin fifiko. Ya shiga manyan yaƙe-yaƙe guda uku: da gobarar daji, 'wanda za a ɗauke shi a matsayin laifuka kuma za a hukunta shi kamar haka'; da yawo da shanu, 'wanda ke tauye haƙƙin mutane saboda dabbobin da ba su da kulawa suna lalata yanayi'; da kuma yankan itace mai cike da rudani, 'wanda sana'arsa za ta kasance mai tsari da tsari'. A wani ɓangare na shirin ci gaba da ya shafi yawancin al'umma, an dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a Burkina Faso cikin watanni goma sha biyar a lokacin juyin juya halin. Don fuskantar ci gaban hamada da fari mai maimaitawa, Thomas Sankara shi ma ya ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi masu tsayin kusan kilomita hamsin, suna ratsa ƙasar daga gabas zuwa yamma. Ya yi tunanin faɗaɗa wannan bel ɗin ciyayi zuwa wasu ƙasashe. Tun daga watan Oktoba na 1984, cikin tsawon watanni goma sha biyar, gwamnatin Sankara ta dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a wani kamfen na sake dasa dazuzzuka. Sankara ya ce, "A cikin dazuzzukan Burkina ita ce kawai tushen makamashinmu. Dole ne mu riƙa tunatar da kowane mutum game da aikinsa na kula da kuma sake farfaɗo da yanayi". <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 3ay39ig4we7mqrqasmg3uhlcpzvn437 863801 863800 2026-06-22T11:03:27Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". == Muhalli == A shekarun 1980, lokacin da ilimin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, Thomas Sankara yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin da suka ɗauki kariyar muhalli a matsayin fifiko. Ya shiga manyan yaƙe-yaƙe guda uku: da gobarar daji, 'wanda za a ɗauke shi a matsayin laifuka kuma za a hukunta shi kamar haka'; da yawo da shanu, 'wanda ke tauye haƙƙin mutane saboda dabbobin da ba su da kulawa suna lalata yanayi'; da kuma yankan itace mai cike da rudani, 'wanda sana'arsa za ta kasance mai tsari da tsari'. A wani ɓangare na shirin ci gaba da ya shafi yawancin al'umma, an dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a Burkina Faso cikin watanni goma sha biyar a lokacin juyin juya halin. Don fuskantar ci gaban hamada da fari mai maimaitawa, Thomas Sankara shi ma ya ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi masu tsayin kusan kilomita hamsin, suna ratsa ƙasar daga gabas zuwa yamma. Ya yi tunanin faɗaɗa wannan bel ɗin ciyayi zuwa wasu ƙasashe. Tun daga watan Oktoba na 1984, cikin tsawon watanni goma sha biyar, gwamnatin Sankara ta dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a wani kamfen na sake dasa dazuzzuka. Sankara ya ce, "A cikin dazuzzukan Burkina ita ce kawai tushen makamashinmu. Dole ne mu riƙa tunatar da kowane mutum game da aikinsa na kula da kuma sake farfaɗo da yanayi". === Kotunan Juyin Juya Halin Jama'a === Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya sami iko, Sankara ya gina tsarin kotuna da aka sani da Popular Revolutionary Court. An ƙirƙiri kotunan ne da farko don a yi wa tsoffin jami'an gwamnati shari'a ta hanya madaidaiciya don talakawan Burkinabe su shiga ko su kula da shari'o'in maƙiyan juyin juya hali. Sun sanya waɗanda ake tuhuma a shari'a bisa laifin cin hanci da rashawa, kin biyan haraji, ko kuma ayyukan da suka shafi juyin juya hali. Hukunce-hukuncen tsoffin jami'an gwamnati ba su da sauƙi kuma galibi ana dakatar da su. Ana zargin kotunan ne kawai da nuna shari'o'i, waɗanda jama'a ke kula da su. A cewar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, hanyoyin da ake bi a waɗannan shari'o'in, musamman kariyar shari'a ga waɗanda ake tuhuma, ba su dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa ba. Dole ne waɗanda ake tuhuma su tabbatar da cewa ba su da laifi daga laifukan da aka tuhume su da aikatawa kuma lauyoyi ba su ba su izinin wakiltar su ba. Da farko mutanen Burkinabe sun yaba wa kotunan amma daga ƙarshe an yi musu lakabi da cin hanci da rashawa da zalunci. An yi wa waɗanda ake kira 'ma'aikata marasa galihu' shari'a kuma an yanke musu hukuncin yin aiki kyauta, ko kuma a kore su daga ayyukansu kuma an nuna musu wariya. Wasu sun ƙirƙiri kotunansu don su daidaita maki da wulaƙanta maƙiyansu. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 1ikcj5h1buifqxn1riu1r3sx453ww20 863802 863801 2026-06-22T11:05:04Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". == Muhalli == A shekarun 1980, lokacin da ilimin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, Thomas Sankara yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin da suka ɗauki kariyar muhalli a matsayin fifiko. Ya shiga manyan yaƙe-yaƙe guda uku: da gobarar daji, 'wanda za a ɗauke shi a matsayin laifuka kuma za a hukunta shi kamar haka'; da yawo da shanu, 'wanda ke tauye haƙƙin mutane saboda dabbobin da ba su da kulawa suna lalata yanayi'; da kuma yankan itace mai cike da rudani, 'wanda sana'arsa za ta kasance mai tsari da tsari'. A wani ɓangare na shirin ci gaba da ya shafi yawancin al'umma, an dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a Burkina Faso cikin watanni goma sha biyar a lokacin juyin juya halin. Don fuskantar ci gaban hamada da fari mai maimaitawa, Thomas Sankara shi ma ya ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi masu tsayin kusan kilomita hamsin, suna ratsa ƙasar daga gabas zuwa yamma. Ya yi tunanin faɗaɗa wannan bel ɗin ciyayi zuwa wasu ƙasashe. Tun daga watan Oktoba na 1984, cikin tsawon watanni goma sha biyar, gwamnatin Sankara ta dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a wani kamfen na sake dasa dazuzzuka. Sankara ya ce, "A cikin dazuzzukan Burkina ita ce kawai tushen makamashinmu. Dole ne mu riƙa tunatar da kowane mutum game da aikinsa na kula da kuma sake farfaɗo da yanayi". === Kotunan Juyin Juya Halin Jama'a === Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya sami iko, Sankara ya gina tsarin kotuna da aka sani da Popular Revolutionary Court. An ƙirƙiri kotunan ne da farko don a yi wa tsoffin jami'an gwamnati shari'a ta hanya madaidaiciya don talakawan Burkinabe su shiga ko su kula da shari'o'in maƙiyan juyin juya hali. Sun sanya waɗanda ake tuhuma a shari'a bisa laifin cin hanci da rashawa, kin biyan haraji, ko kuma ayyukan da suka shafi juyin juya hali. Hukunce-hukuncen tsoffin jami'an gwamnati ba su da sauƙi kuma galibi ana dakatar da su. Ana zargin kotunan ne kawai da nuna shari'o'i, waɗanda jama'a ke kula da su. A cewar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, hanyoyin da ake bi a waɗannan shari'o'in, musamman kariyar shari'a ga waɗanda ake tuhuma, ba su dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa ba. Dole ne waɗanda ake tuhuma su tabbatar da cewa ba su da laifi daga laifukan da aka tuhume su da aikatawa kuma lauyoyi ba su ba su izinin wakiltar su ba. Da farko mutanen Burkinabe sun yaba wa kotunan amma daga ƙarshe an yi musu lakabi da cin hanci da rashawa da zalunci. An yi wa waɗanda ake kira 'ma'aikata marasa galihu' shari'a kuma an yanke musu hukuncin yin aiki kyauta, ko kuma a kore su daga ayyukansu kuma an nuna musu wariya. Wasu sun ƙirƙiri kotunansu don su daidaita maki da wulaƙanta maƙiyansu. === Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali === An kafa Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali (Comités de Défense de la Révolution ko CDRs) a matsayin ƙungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai. An ƙirƙiri CDRs a matsayin wani nau'i na mayar da martani ga ƙarfin sojoji da kuma haɓaka juyin juya hali na siyasa da zamantakewa. An ɗauko ra'ayin Kwamitin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali daga shugaban Cuba Fidel Castro, wanda aka ƙirƙiri Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali a matsayin wani nau'i na 'kallon juyin juya hali'. === Dangantaka da mutanen Mossi === <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] d209873au3y6zerie71xek8xhzmrn6k 863803 863802 2026-06-22T11:06:15Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863803 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". == Muhalli == A shekarun 1980, lokacin da ilimin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, Thomas Sankara yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin da suka ɗauki kariyar muhalli a matsayin fifiko. Ya shiga manyan yaƙe-yaƙe guda uku: da gobarar daji, 'wanda za a ɗauke shi a matsayin laifuka kuma za a hukunta shi kamar haka'; da yawo da shanu, 'wanda ke tauye haƙƙin mutane saboda dabbobin da ba su da kulawa suna lalata yanayi'; da kuma yankan itace mai cike da rudani, 'wanda sana'arsa za ta kasance mai tsari da tsari'. A wani ɓangare na shirin ci gaba da ya shafi yawancin al'umma, an dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a Burkina Faso cikin watanni goma sha biyar a lokacin juyin juya halin. Don fuskantar ci gaban hamada da fari mai maimaitawa, Thomas Sankara shi ma ya ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi masu tsayin kusan kilomita hamsin, suna ratsa ƙasar daga gabas zuwa yamma. Ya yi tunanin faɗaɗa wannan bel ɗin ciyayi zuwa wasu ƙasashe. Tun daga watan Oktoba na 1984, cikin tsawon watanni goma sha biyar, gwamnatin Sankara ta dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a wani kamfen na sake dasa dazuzzuka. Sankara ya ce, "A cikin dazuzzukan Burkina ita ce kawai tushen makamashinmu. Dole ne mu riƙa tunatar da kowane mutum game da aikinsa na kula da kuma sake farfaɗo da yanayi". === Kotunan Juyin Juya Halin Jama'a === Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya sami iko, Sankara ya gina tsarin kotuna da aka sani da Popular Revolutionary Court. An ƙirƙiri kotunan ne da farko don a yi wa tsoffin jami'an gwamnati shari'a ta hanya madaidaiciya don talakawan Burkinabe su shiga ko su kula da shari'o'in maƙiyan juyin juya hali. Sun sanya waɗanda ake tuhuma a shari'a bisa laifin cin hanci da rashawa, kin biyan haraji, ko kuma ayyukan da suka shafi juyin juya hali. Hukunce-hukuncen tsoffin jami'an gwamnati ba su da sauƙi kuma galibi ana dakatar da su. Ana zargin kotunan ne kawai da nuna shari'o'i, waɗanda jama'a ke kula da su. A cewar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, hanyoyin da ake bi a waɗannan shari'o'in, musamman kariyar shari'a ga waɗanda ake tuhuma, ba su dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa ba. Dole ne waɗanda ake tuhuma su tabbatar da cewa ba su da laifi daga laifukan da aka tuhume su da aikatawa kuma lauyoyi ba su ba su izinin wakiltar su ba. Da farko mutanen Burkinabe sun yaba wa kotunan amma daga ƙarshe an yi musu lakabi da cin hanci da rashawa da zalunci. An yi wa waɗanda ake kira 'ma'aikata marasa galihu' shari'a kuma an yanke musu hukuncin yin aiki kyauta, ko kuma a kore su daga ayyukansu kuma an nuna musu wariya. Wasu sun ƙirƙiri kotunansu don su daidaita maki da wulaƙanta maƙiyansu. === Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali === An kafa Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali (Comités de Défense de la Révolution ko CDRs) a matsayin ƙungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai. An ƙirƙiri CDRs a matsayin wani nau'i na mayar da martani ga ƙarfin sojoji da kuma haɓaka juyin juya hali na siyasa da zamantakewa. An ɗauko ra'ayin Kwamitin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali daga shugaban Cuba Fidel Castro, wanda aka ƙirƙiri Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali a matsayin wani nau'i na 'kallon juyin juya hali'. === Dangantaka da mutanen Mossi === Wani batu da ya jawo cece-kuce game da mulkin Sankara shine yadda ya tafiyar da ƙabilar Mossi. Mossi su ne ƙabila mafi girma a Burkina Faso, kuma suna bin tsarin zamantakewa mai tsauri, na gargajiya, da kuma na tsari. A saman tsarin mulki akwai Morho Naba, babban ko sarkin mutanen Mossi. Sankara ya ɗauki wannan tsari a matsayin cikas ga haɗin kan ƙasa, kuma ya ci gaba da rage manyan Mossi. Ba a ba Morho Naba izinin gudanar da kotu ba. An kwace wa sarakunan ƙauye ikon zartarwa, wanda aka bai wa CDR. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] lcx1dzyl7uirju64la22lrrsl2ss4bp 863805 863803 2026-06-22T11:08:07Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". == Muhalli == A shekarun 1980, lokacin da ilimin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, Thomas Sankara yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin da suka ɗauki kariyar muhalli a matsayin fifiko. Ya shiga manyan yaƙe-yaƙe guda uku: da gobarar daji, 'wanda za a ɗauke shi a matsayin laifuka kuma za a hukunta shi kamar haka'; da yawo da shanu, 'wanda ke tauye haƙƙin mutane saboda dabbobin da ba su da kulawa suna lalata yanayi'; da kuma yankan itace mai cike da rudani, 'wanda sana'arsa za ta kasance mai tsari da tsari'. A wani ɓangare na shirin ci gaba da ya shafi yawancin al'umma, an dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a Burkina Faso cikin watanni goma sha biyar a lokacin juyin juya halin. Don fuskantar ci gaban hamada da fari mai maimaitawa, Thomas Sankara shi ma ya ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi masu tsayin kusan kilomita hamsin, suna ratsa ƙasar daga gabas zuwa yamma. Ya yi tunanin faɗaɗa wannan bel ɗin ciyayi zuwa wasu ƙasashe. Tun daga watan Oktoba na 1984, cikin tsawon watanni goma sha biyar, gwamnatin Sankara ta dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a wani kamfen na sake dasa dazuzzuka. Sankara ya ce, "A cikin dazuzzukan Burkina ita ce kawai tushen makamashinmu. Dole ne mu riƙa tunatar da kowane mutum game da aikinsa na kula da kuma sake farfaɗo da yanayi". === Kotunan Juyin Juya Halin Jama'a === Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya sami iko, Sankara ya gina tsarin kotuna da aka sani da Popular Revolutionary Court. An ƙirƙiri kotunan ne da farko don a yi wa tsoffin jami'an gwamnati shari'a ta hanya madaidaiciya don talakawan Burkinabe su shiga ko su kula da shari'o'in maƙiyan juyin juya hali. Sun sanya waɗanda ake tuhuma a shari'a bisa laifin cin hanci da rashawa, kin biyan haraji, ko kuma ayyukan da suka shafi juyin juya hali. Hukunce-hukuncen tsoffin jami'an gwamnati ba su da sauƙi kuma galibi ana dakatar da su. Ana zargin kotunan ne kawai da nuna shari'o'i, waɗanda jama'a ke kula da su. A cewar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, hanyoyin da ake bi a waɗannan shari'o'in, musamman kariyar shari'a ga waɗanda ake tuhuma, ba su dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa ba. Dole ne waɗanda ake tuhuma su tabbatar da cewa ba su da laifi daga laifukan da aka tuhume su da aikatawa kuma lauyoyi ba su ba su izinin wakiltar su ba. Da farko mutanen Burkinabe sun yaba wa kotunan amma daga ƙarshe an yi musu lakabi da cin hanci da rashawa da zalunci. An yi wa waɗanda ake kira 'ma'aikata marasa galihu' shari'a kuma an yanke musu hukuncin yin aiki kyauta, ko kuma a kore su daga ayyukansu kuma an nuna musu wariya. Wasu sun ƙirƙiri kotunansu don su daidaita maki da wulaƙanta maƙiyansu. === Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali === An kafa Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali (Comités de Défense de la Révolution ko CDRs) a matsayin ƙungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai. An ƙirƙiri CDRs a matsayin wani nau'i na mayar da martani ga ƙarfin sojoji da kuma haɓaka juyin juya hali na siyasa da zamantakewa. An ɗauko ra'ayin Kwamitin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali daga shugaban Cuba Fidel Castro, wanda aka ƙirƙiri Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali a matsayin wani nau'i na 'kallon juyin juya hali'. === Dangantaka da mutanen Mossi === Wani batu da ya jawo cece-kuce game da mulkin Sankara shine yadda ya tafiyar da ƙabilar Mossi. Mossi su ne ƙabila mafi girma a Burkina Faso, kuma suna bin tsarin zamantakewa mai tsauri, na gargajiya, da kuma na tsari. A saman tsarin mulki akwai Morho Naba, babban ko sarkin mutanen Mossi. Sankara ya ɗauki wannan tsari a matsayin cikas ga haɗin kan ƙasa, kuma ya ci gaba da rage manyan Mossi. Ba a ba Morho Naba izinin gudanar da kotu ba. An kwace wa sarakunan ƙauye ikon zartarwa, wanda aka bai wa CDR. === Haƙƙin Mata === Sankara ya yi aiki tukuru don kare haƙƙin mata kuma ya ayyana "Babu juyin juya hali na zamantakewa na gaske ba tare da 'yantar da mata ba". Inganta matsayin mata a cikin al'ummar Burkinabe yana ɗaya daga cikin manufofin Sankara, kuma gwamnatinsa ta haɗa da adadi mai yawa na mata, wani fifiko na siyasa da ba a taɓa gani ba a Yammacin Afirka. Gwamnatinsa ta haramta yi wa mata kaciya, auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da ɗaya, yayin da ta naɗa mata a manyan mukamai na gwamnati da kuma ƙarfafa su su yi aiki a waje da gida su zauna a makaranta ko da suna da juna biyu. Sankara ya ƙarfafa hana ɗaukar ciki kuma a shekarar 1986 an cire duk wani takunkumi kan hana ɗaukar ciki. Ya kuma kafa Ma'aikatar Ci gaban Iyali da Ƙungiyar Matan Burkina. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] 8hhxmly3xwg25nmt9duwzh7tfxroc59 863806 863805 2026-06-22T11:10:36Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". == Muhalli == A shekarun 1980, lokacin da ilimin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, Thomas Sankara yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin da suka ɗauki kariyar muhalli a matsayin fifiko. Ya shiga manyan yaƙe-yaƙe guda uku: da gobarar daji, 'wanda za a ɗauke shi a matsayin laifuka kuma za a hukunta shi kamar haka'; da yawo da shanu, 'wanda ke tauye haƙƙin mutane saboda dabbobin da ba su da kulawa suna lalata yanayi'; da kuma yankan itace mai cike da rudani, 'wanda sana'arsa za ta kasance mai tsari da tsari'. A wani ɓangare na shirin ci gaba da ya shafi yawancin al'umma, an dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a Burkina Faso cikin watanni goma sha biyar a lokacin juyin juya halin. Don fuskantar ci gaban hamada da fari mai maimaitawa, Thomas Sankara shi ma ya ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi masu tsayin kusan kilomita hamsin, suna ratsa ƙasar daga gabas zuwa yamma. Ya yi tunanin faɗaɗa wannan bel ɗin ciyayi zuwa wasu ƙasashe. Tun daga watan Oktoba na 1984, cikin tsawon watanni goma sha biyar, gwamnatin Sankara ta dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a wani kamfen na sake dasa dazuzzuka. Sankara ya ce, "A cikin dazuzzukan Burkina ita ce kawai tushen makamashinmu. Dole ne mu riƙa tunatar da kowane mutum game da aikinsa na kula da kuma sake farfaɗo da yanayi". === Kotunan Juyin Juya Halin Jama'a === Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya sami iko, Sankara ya gina tsarin kotuna da aka sani da Popular Revolutionary Court. An ƙirƙiri kotunan ne da farko don a yi wa tsoffin jami'an gwamnati shari'a ta hanya madaidaiciya don talakawan Burkinabe su shiga ko su kula da shari'o'in maƙiyan juyin juya hali. Sun sanya waɗanda ake tuhuma a shari'a bisa laifin cin hanci da rashawa, kin biyan haraji, ko kuma ayyukan da suka shafi juyin juya hali. Hukunce-hukuncen tsoffin jami'an gwamnati ba su da sauƙi kuma galibi ana dakatar da su. Ana zargin kotunan ne kawai da nuna shari'o'i, waɗanda jama'a ke kula da su. A cewar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, hanyoyin da ake bi a waɗannan shari'o'in, musamman kariyar shari'a ga waɗanda ake tuhuma, ba su dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa ba. Dole ne waɗanda ake tuhuma su tabbatar da cewa ba su da laifi daga laifukan da aka tuhume su da aikatawa kuma lauyoyi ba su ba su izinin wakiltar su ba. Da farko mutanen Burkinabe sun yaba wa kotunan amma daga ƙarshe an yi musu lakabi da cin hanci da rashawa da zalunci. An yi wa waɗanda ake kira 'ma'aikata marasa galihu' shari'a kuma an yanke musu hukuncin yin aiki kyauta, ko kuma a kore su daga ayyukansu kuma an nuna musu wariya. Wasu sun ƙirƙiri kotunansu don su daidaita maki da wulaƙanta maƙiyansu. === Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali === An kafa Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali (Comités de Défense de la Révolution ko CDRs) a matsayin ƙungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai. An ƙirƙiri CDRs a matsayin wani nau'i na mayar da martani ga ƙarfin sojoji da kuma haɓaka juyin juya hali na siyasa da zamantakewa. An ɗauko ra'ayin Kwamitin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali daga shugaban Cuba Fidel Castro, wanda aka ƙirƙiri Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali a matsayin wani nau'i na 'kallon juyin juya hali'. === Dangantaka da mutanen Mossi === Wani batu da ya jawo cece-kuce game da mulkin Sankara shine yadda ya tafiyar da ƙabilar Mossi. Mossi su ne ƙabila mafi girma a Burkina Faso, kuma suna bin tsarin zamantakewa mai tsauri, na gargajiya, da kuma na tsari. A saman tsarin mulki akwai Morho Naba, babban ko sarkin mutanen Mossi. Sankara ya ɗauki wannan tsari a matsayin cikas ga haɗin kan ƙasa, kuma ya ci gaba da rage manyan Mossi. Ba a ba Morho Naba izinin gudanar da kotu ba. An kwace wa sarakunan ƙauye ikon zartarwa, wanda aka bai wa CDR. === Haƙƙin Mata === Sankara ya yi aiki tukuru don kare haƙƙin mata kuma ya ayyana "Babu juyin juya hali na zamantakewa na gaske ba tare da 'yantar da mata ba". Inganta matsayin mata a cikin al'ummar Burkinabe yana ɗaya daga cikin manufofin Sankara, kuma gwamnatinsa ta haɗa da adadi mai yawa na mata, wani fifiko na siyasa da ba a taɓa gani ba a Yammacin Afirka. Gwamnatinsa ta haramta yi wa mata kaciya, auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da ɗaya, yayin da ta naɗa mata a manyan mukamai na gwamnati da kuma ƙarfafa su su yi aiki a waje da gida su zauna a makaranta ko da suna da juna biyu. Sankara ya ƙarfafa hana ɗaukar ciki kuma a shekarar 1986 an cire duk wani takunkumi kan hana ɗaukar ciki. Ya kuma kafa Ma'aikatar Ci gaban Iyali da Ƙungiyar Matan Burkina. Sankara ya fahimci ƙalubalen da matan Afirka ke fuskanta lokacin da ya yi jawabi mai suna na bikin Ranar Mata ta Duniya a ranar 8 ga Maris 1987 a Ouagadougou. Sankara ya yi magana da dubban mata, yana mai cewa juyin juya halin Burkinabe yana 'kafa sabbin alaƙar zamantakewa', wanda zai 'dagula dangantakar iko tsakanin maza da mata tare da tilasta wa kowannensu ya sake tunani game da yanayin duka biyun. Wannan aiki yana da matuƙar wahala amma dole ne'. Baya ga kasancewa shugaban Afirka na farko da ya naɗa mata a manyan mukamai na majalisar ministoci, ya ɗauki su aiki tuƙuru don aikin soja. === Yaƙin Agacher Strip === Bayan rikicin da ya faru a shekarar 1974 tsakanin Burkina Faso da Mali kan yankin Agacher Strip da ake takaddama a kai, Kungiyar Hadin Kan Afirka ta kafa kwamitin sulhu don warware takaddamar da kuma samar da wani yanki mai zaman kansa, wanda ba shi da bambanci a kan iyaka. Gwamnatocin biyu sun bayyana cewa ba za su yi amfani da karfin soja don kawo karshen rikicin ba. Amma a shekarar 1983 kasashen biyu ba su yi jituwa ba game da aikin kwamitin. Sankara da kansa ya ƙi Shugaban Mali Moussa Traoré, wanda ya karɓi mulki ta hanyar sauke gwamnatin Modibo Keïta mai ra'ayin hagu. A ranar 17 ga Satumba, Sankara ya ziyarci Mali ya kuma gana da Traoré. Tare da shiga tsakani a Aljeriya, su biyun sun amince Kotun Duniya ta Shari'a (ICJ) ta warware takaddamar kan iyaka, sannan daga baya ta nemi hukumar da ta warware matsalar. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] dexu61du3py45vltkn7nfkj6rad6rxy 863807 863806 2026-06-22T11:12:48Z Abdurra'uf 23412 Saka hoto 863807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". == Muhalli == A shekarun 1980, lokacin da ilimin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, Thomas Sankara yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin da suka ɗauki kariyar muhalli a matsayin fifiko. Ya shiga manyan yaƙe-yaƙe guda uku: da gobarar daji, 'wanda za a ɗauke shi a matsayin laifuka kuma za a hukunta shi kamar haka'; da yawo da shanu, 'wanda ke tauye haƙƙin mutane saboda dabbobin da ba su da kulawa suna lalata yanayi'; da kuma yankan itace mai cike da rudani, 'wanda sana'arsa za ta kasance mai tsari da tsari'. A wani ɓangare na shirin ci gaba da ya shafi yawancin al'umma, an dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a Burkina Faso cikin watanni goma sha biyar a lokacin juyin juya halin. Don fuskantar ci gaban hamada da fari mai maimaitawa, Thomas Sankara shi ma ya ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi masu tsayin kusan kilomita hamsin, suna ratsa ƙasar daga gabas zuwa yamma. Ya yi tunanin faɗaɗa wannan bel ɗin ciyayi zuwa wasu ƙasashe. Tun daga watan Oktoba na 1984, cikin tsawon watanni goma sha biyar, gwamnatin Sankara ta dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a wani kamfen na sake dasa dazuzzuka. Sankara ya ce, "A cikin dazuzzukan Burkina ita ce kawai tushen makamashinmu. Dole ne mu riƙa tunatar da kowane mutum game da aikinsa na kula da kuma sake farfaɗo da yanayi". === Kotunan Juyin Juya Halin Jama'a === Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya sami iko, Sankara ya gina tsarin kotuna da aka sani da Popular Revolutionary Court. An ƙirƙiri kotunan ne da farko don a yi wa tsoffin jami'an gwamnati shari'a ta hanya madaidaiciya don talakawan Burkinabe su shiga ko su kula da shari'o'in maƙiyan juyin juya hali. Sun sanya waɗanda ake tuhuma a shari'a bisa laifin cin hanci da rashawa, kin biyan haraji, ko kuma ayyukan da suka shafi juyin juya hali. Hukunce-hukuncen tsoffin jami'an gwamnati ba su da sauƙi kuma galibi ana dakatar da su. Ana zargin kotunan ne kawai da nuna shari'o'i, waɗanda jama'a ke kula da su. A cewar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, hanyoyin da ake bi a waɗannan shari'o'in, musamman kariyar shari'a ga waɗanda ake tuhuma, ba su dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa ba. Dole ne waɗanda ake tuhuma su tabbatar da cewa ba su da laifi daga laifukan da aka tuhume su da aikatawa kuma lauyoyi ba su ba su izinin wakiltar su ba. Da farko mutanen Burkinabe sun yaba wa kotunan amma daga ƙarshe an yi musu lakabi da cin hanci da rashawa da zalunci. An yi wa waɗanda ake kira 'ma'aikata marasa galihu' shari'a kuma an yanke musu hukuncin yin aiki kyauta, ko kuma a kore su daga ayyukansu kuma an nuna musu wariya. Wasu sun ƙirƙiri kotunansu don su daidaita maki da wulaƙanta maƙiyansu. === Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali === An kafa Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali (Comités de Défense de la Révolution ko CDRs) a matsayin ƙungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai. An ƙirƙiri CDRs a matsayin wani nau'i na mayar da martani ga ƙarfin sojoji da kuma haɓaka juyin juya hali na siyasa da zamantakewa. An ɗauko ra'ayin Kwamitin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali daga shugaban Cuba Fidel Castro, wanda aka ƙirƙiri Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali a matsayin wani nau'i na 'kallon juyin juya hali'. === Dangantaka da mutanen Mossi === Wani batu da ya jawo cece-kuce game da mulkin Sankara shine yadda ya tafiyar da ƙabilar Mossi. Mossi su ne ƙabila mafi girma a Burkina Faso, kuma suna bin tsarin zamantakewa mai tsauri, na gargajiya, da kuma na tsari. A saman tsarin mulki akwai Morho Naba, babban ko sarkin mutanen Mossi. Sankara ya ɗauki wannan tsari a matsayin cikas ga haɗin kan ƙasa, kuma ya ci gaba da rage manyan Mossi. Ba a ba Morho Naba izinin gudanar da kotu ba. An kwace wa sarakunan ƙauye ikon zartarwa, wanda aka bai wa CDR. === Haƙƙin Mata === Sankara ya yi aiki tukuru don kare haƙƙin mata kuma ya ayyana "Babu juyin juya hali na zamantakewa na gaske ba tare da 'yantar da mata ba". Inganta matsayin mata a cikin al'ummar Burkinabe yana ɗaya daga cikin manufofin Sankara, kuma gwamnatinsa ta haɗa da adadi mai yawa na mata, wani fifiko na siyasa da ba a taɓa gani ba a Yammacin Afirka. Gwamnatinsa ta haramta yi wa mata kaciya, auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da ɗaya, yayin da ta naɗa mata a manyan mukamai na gwamnati da kuma ƙarfafa su su yi aiki a waje da gida su zauna a makaranta ko da suna da juna biyu. Sankara ya ƙarfafa hana ɗaukar ciki kuma a shekarar 1986 an cire duk wani takunkumi kan hana ɗaukar ciki. Ya kuma kafa Ma'aikatar Ci gaban Iyali da Ƙungiyar Matan Burkina. Sankara ya fahimci ƙalubalen da matan Afirka ke fuskanta lokacin da ya yi jawabi mai suna na bikin Ranar Mata ta Duniya a ranar 8 ga Maris 1987 a Ouagadougou. Sankara ya yi magana da dubban mata, yana mai cewa juyin juya halin Burkinabe yana 'kafa sabbin alaƙar zamantakewa', wanda zai 'dagula dangantakar iko tsakanin maza da mata tare da tilasta wa kowannensu ya sake tunani game da yanayin duka biyun. Wannan aiki yana da matuƙar wahala amma dole ne'. Baya ga kasancewa shugaban Afirka na farko da ya naɗa mata a manyan mukamai na majalisar ministoci, ya ɗauki su aiki tuƙuru don aikin soja. === Yaƙin Agacher Strip === [[Fayil:Moussa Traoré (1989) (cropped).jpg|thumb|191x191px|Moussa Traoré]] Bayan rikicin da ya faru a shekarar 1974 tsakanin Burkina Faso da Mali kan yankin Agacher Strip da ake takaddama a kai, Kungiyar Hadin Kan Afirka ta kafa kwamitin sulhu don warware takaddamar da kuma samar da wani yanki mai zaman kansa, wanda ba shi da bambanci a kan iyaka. Gwamnatocin biyu sun bayyana cewa ba za su yi amfani da karfin soja don kawo karshen rikicin ba. Amma a shekarar 1983 kasashen biyu ba su yi jituwa ba game da aikin kwamitin. Sankara da kansa ya ƙi Shugaban Mali Moussa Traoré, wanda ya karɓi mulki ta hanyar sauke gwamnatin Modibo Keïta mai ra'ayin hagu. A ranar 17 ga Satumba, Sankara ya ziyarci Mali ya kuma gana da Traoré. Tare da shiga tsakani a Aljeriya, su biyun sun amince Kotun Duniya ta Shari'a (ICJ) ta warware takaddamar kan iyaka, sannan daga baya ta nemi hukumar da ta warware matsalar. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] oo6kawavhya29ps9c6z73drxo5bjy2a 863808 863807 2026-06-22T11:14:30Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863808 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". == Muhalli == A shekarun 1980, lokacin da ilimin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, Thomas Sankara yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin da suka ɗauki kariyar muhalli a matsayin fifiko. Ya shiga manyan yaƙe-yaƙe guda uku: da gobarar daji, 'wanda za a ɗauke shi a matsayin laifuka kuma za a hukunta shi kamar haka'; da yawo da shanu, 'wanda ke tauye haƙƙin mutane saboda dabbobin da ba su da kulawa suna lalata yanayi'; da kuma yankan itace mai cike da rudani, 'wanda sana'arsa za ta kasance mai tsari da tsari'. A wani ɓangare na shirin ci gaba da ya shafi yawancin al'umma, an dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a Burkina Faso cikin watanni goma sha biyar a lokacin juyin juya halin. Don fuskantar ci gaban hamada da fari mai maimaitawa, Thomas Sankara shi ma ya ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi masu tsayin kusan kilomita hamsin, suna ratsa ƙasar daga gabas zuwa yamma. Ya yi tunanin faɗaɗa wannan bel ɗin ciyayi zuwa wasu ƙasashe. Tun daga watan Oktoba na 1984, cikin tsawon watanni goma sha biyar, gwamnatin Sankara ta dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a wani kamfen na sake dasa dazuzzuka. Sankara ya ce, "A cikin dazuzzukan Burkina ita ce kawai tushen makamashinmu. Dole ne mu riƙa tunatar da kowane mutum game da aikinsa na kula da kuma sake farfaɗo da yanayi". === Kotunan Juyin Juya Halin Jama'a === Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya sami iko, Sankara ya gina tsarin kotuna da aka sani da Popular Revolutionary Court. An ƙirƙiri kotunan ne da farko don a yi wa tsoffin jami'an gwamnati shari'a ta hanya madaidaiciya don talakawan Burkinabe su shiga ko su kula da shari'o'in maƙiyan juyin juya hali. Sun sanya waɗanda ake tuhuma a shari'a bisa laifin cin hanci da rashawa, kin biyan haraji, ko kuma ayyukan da suka shafi juyin juya hali. Hukunce-hukuncen tsoffin jami'an gwamnati ba su da sauƙi kuma galibi ana dakatar da su. Ana zargin kotunan ne kawai da nuna shari'o'i, waɗanda jama'a ke kula da su. A cewar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, hanyoyin da ake bi a waɗannan shari'o'in, musamman kariyar shari'a ga waɗanda ake tuhuma, ba su dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa ba. Dole ne waɗanda ake tuhuma su tabbatar da cewa ba su da laifi daga laifukan da aka tuhume su da aikatawa kuma lauyoyi ba su ba su izinin wakiltar su ba. Da farko mutanen Burkinabe sun yaba wa kotunan amma daga ƙarshe an yi musu lakabi da cin hanci da rashawa da zalunci. An yi wa waɗanda ake kira 'ma'aikata marasa galihu' shari'a kuma an yanke musu hukuncin yin aiki kyauta, ko kuma a kore su daga ayyukansu kuma an nuna musu wariya. Wasu sun ƙirƙiri kotunansu don su daidaita maki da wulaƙanta maƙiyansu. === Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali === An kafa Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali (Comités de Défense de la Révolution ko CDRs) a matsayin ƙungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai. An ƙirƙiri CDRs a matsayin wani nau'i na mayar da martani ga ƙarfin sojoji da kuma haɓaka juyin juya hali na siyasa da zamantakewa. An ɗauko ra'ayin Kwamitin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali daga shugaban Cuba Fidel Castro, wanda aka ƙirƙiri Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali a matsayin wani nau'i na 'kallon juyin juya hali'. === Dangantaka da mutanen Mossi === Wani batu da ya jawo cece-kuce game da mulkin Sankara shine yadda ya tafiyar da ƙabilar Mossi. Mossi su ne ƙabila mafi girma a Burkina Faso, kuma suna bin tsarin zamantakewa mai tsauri, na gargajiya, da kuma na tsari. A saman tsarin mulki akwai Morho Naba, babban ko sarkin mutanen Mossi. Sankara ya ɗauki wannan tsari a matsayin cikas ga haɗin kan ƙasa, kuma ya ci gaba da rage manyan Mossi. Ba a ba Morho Naba izinin gudanar da kotu ba. An kwace wa sarakunan ƙauye ikon zartarwa, wanda aka bai wa CDR. === Haƙƙin Mata === Sankara ya yi aiki tukuru don kare haƙƙin mata kuma ya ayyana "Babu juyin juya hali na zamantakewa na gaske ba tare da 'yantar da mata ba". Inganta matsayin mata a cikin al'ummar Burkinabe yana ɗaya daga cikin manufofin Sankara, kuma gwamnatinsa ta haɗa da adadi mai yawa na mata, wani fifiko na siyasa da ba a taɓa gani ba a Yammacin Afirka. Gwamnatinsa ta haramta yi wa mata kaciya, auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da ɗaya, yayin da ta naɗa mata a manyan mukamai na gwamnati da kuma ƙarfafa su su yi aiki a waje da gida su zauna a makaranta ko da suna da juna biyu. Sankara ya ƙarfafa hana ɗaukar ciki kuma a shekarar 1986 an cire duk wani takunkumi kan hana ɗaukar ciki. Ya kuma kafa Ma'aikatar Ci gaban Iyali da Ƙungiyar Matan Burkina. Sankara ya fahimci ƙalubalen da matan Afirka ke fuskanta lokacin da ya yi jawabi mai suna na bikin Ranar Mata ta Duniya a ranar 8 ga Maris 1987 a Ouagadougou. Sankara ya yi magana da dubban mata, yana mai cewa juyin juya halin Burkinabe yana 'kafa sabbin alaƙar zamantakewa', wanda zai 'dagula dangantakar iko tsakanin maza da mata tare da tilasta wa kowannensu ya sake tunani game da yanayin duka biyun. Wannan aiki yana da matuƙar wahala amma dole ne'. Baya ga kasancewa shugaban Afirka na farko da ya naɗa mata a manyan mukamai na majalisar ministoci, ya ɗauki su aiki tuƙuru don aikin soja. === Yaƙin Agacher Strip === [[Fayil:Moussa Traoré (1989) (cropped).jpg|thumb|191x191px|Moussa Traoré]] Bayan rikicin da ya faru a shekarar 1974 tsakanin Burkina Faso da Mali kan yankin Agacher Strip da ake takaddama a kai, Kungiyar Hadin Kan Afirka ta kafa kwamitin sulhu don warware takaddamar da kuma samar da wani yanki mai zaman kansa, wanda ba shi da bambanci a kan iyaka. Gwamnatocin biyu sun bayyana cewa ba za su yi amfani da karfin soja don kawo karshen rikicin ba. Amma a shekarar 1983 kasashen biyu ba su yi jituwa ba game da aikin kwamitin. Sankara da kansa ya ƙi Shugaban Mali Moussa Traoré, wanda ya karɓi mulki ta hanyar sauke gwamnatin Modibo Keïta mai ra'ayin hagu. A ranar 17 ga Satumba, Sankara ya ziyarci Mali ya kuma gana da Traoré. Tare da shiga tsakani a Aljeriya, su biyun sun amince Kotun Duniya ta Shari'a (ICJ) ta warware takaddamar kan iyaka, sannan daga baya ta nemi hukumar da ta warware matsalar. A watan Yulin shekarar 1985, Burkina Faso ta ayyana babban sakataren Mali na Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Yammacin Afirka, Drissa Keita, a matsayin wanda ba shi da wani tasiri bayan ya soki gwamnatin Sankara. A watan Satumba, Sankara ya gabatar da wani jawabi inda ya yi kira da a yi juyin juya hali a Mali. Shugabannin Mali sun fi damuwa da kalaman batanci, domin ƙasarsu tana fuskantar tashin hankali na zamantakewa. A lokaci guda, Sankara da sauran manyan mutane a CNR sun gamsu cewa Traoré yana da adawa da gwamnatin Burkinabe a Bamako kuma yana shirin tayar da yakin kan iyaka, wanda za a yi amfani da shi don tallafawa juyin juya hali na gaba. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] nu66fobu2liqg2dyhzr3bqya4zzu365 863810 863808 2026-06-22T11:15:20Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Siege UNIR PS Ouaga.jpg|thumb|Shugaban juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina faso thomas sankara]] '''Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara</ref> An haifi Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara a ranar (22 )ga watan Disamban shekarar (1949) zuwa (15 ) ga watan [[Oktoba]], (1987). Shine shugaban juyin-juya hali na ƙasar [[Burkina Faso]], daga shekarar (1983) zuwa (1987). Babban ɗan kishin [[Afrika]] ne, sannan kuma masoyansa na kallon sa a matsayin wata alama ta juyin-juya-hali. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 33, Sankara ya zama Shugaban Jamhuriyar Upper Volta kuma ya kaddamar da jerin gyare-gyare na zamantakewa,muhalli, da tattalin arziki da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba wanda ya kasance wani bangare na abin da ya kira juyin juya halin dimokuradiyyar jama'a. A shekarar 1984, Sankara ya jagoranci sauya sunan ƙasar zuwa Burkina Faso ('ƙasar mutanen kirki'),kuma ya rubuta taken ƙasa da kansa <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-4</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-worldatlas-5</ref> Manufofinsa na waje sun ta'allaka ne akan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma ya ƙi karɓar rance da jari daga ƙungiyoyi irin su Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya.Duk da haka, ya karɓi wasu tallafin ƙasashen waje a ƙoƙarin sa inganta tattalin arzikin cikin gida, bambanta hanyoyin taimako da kuma sanya Burkina Faso ta dogara da kanta.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey2018171-6</ref> Manufar cikin gida ta haɗa da hana yunwa, faɗaɗa aikin gona,gyaran ƙasa, da dakatar da harajin zaɓen karkara, Shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya na Sankara sun rarraba miliyoyin allurai na rigakafi ga yara a fadin Burkina Faso.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurrey201873-7</ref> Gwamnatinsa kuma ta mai da hankali kan gina makarantu,cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya,wuraren ajiye ruwa, da ayyukan gina ababen more rayuwa.<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:9-2</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-:5-11</ref> Ya yi yaƙi da hamadar Sahel ta hanyar dasa fiye da miliyan 10 na bishiyoyi. A zamantakewa, gwamnatinsa ta tilasta haramta kaciya ga mata,auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da daya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-14</ref> Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki.Bugu da kari, ya haramta abin da ya yi la'akari da kayan alatu na kwandishan a ofisoshin gwamnati.da gidajen ƴan siyasa<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-15</ref> Ya kafa kwamitoci masu kwazo don Kare juyin juya hali don yin aiki a matsayin sabon tushe na al'umma. Sakon gwamnati An nada Sankara ministan yada labarai a gwamnatin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya banbanta kansa da sauran jami’an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama kamar hawan keke zuwa aiki yau da kullum,maimakon tukin mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi ta cece-kuce ga 'yan jarida da jaridu. Sankara ya karfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya ba wa kafafen yada labarai damar buga duk abin da suka samu Wannan ya sa jaridu na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati suka buga badakalar gwamnati[ Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 1982 don adawa da abin da yake gani a matsayin gwamnati na yaki da ƙwadago, yana mai shelanta 'Bala'i ga waɗanda ke damfarar jama'a!' (Malheur à ceux qui bâillonnent le peuple!) A ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987, an kashe Sankara ta hanyar sojoji da [[Blaise Compaoré]] ya jagoranta, wanda ya karɓi jagorancin kasar ba da daɗewa ba. Compaoré ya riƙe mulki har zuwa tashin hankali na Burkina Faso a shekarar 2014. A shekarar 2021, an tuhume shi a gaban kotun soja da laifin kisan Sankara kuma an same shi da laifi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#cite_note-25</ref> ==Aikin Soja== da kuma yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa da shirin rigakafin cututtuka don rage meningitis, zazzabin cizon sauro da sankarau Bayan horon aikin soji a makarantar Sakandire a shekarar (1966), Sankara ya fara aikin soja yana ɗan shekara 19. Bayan shekara ɗaya an tura shi zuwa Madagascar don horon hafsin soja [[Antsirabe]]. Sankara ya karfafa hoton sa na jama'a inda ya bayar da umarnin sayar da manyan motoci da kadarori na gwamnati domin rage tsadar kayayyaki. == Aikin Gwamnati == An nada Sankara a matsayin Ministan Labarai a gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Saye Zerbo a watan Satumbar 1981. Sankara ya bambanta kansa da sauran jami'an gwamnati ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar hawa keke zuwa aiki kowace rana, maimakon tuki a mota. Yayin da magabatansa za su yi takura wa 'yan jarida da jaridu, Sankara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sankara#CITEREFSankara2007</ref> ya ƙarfafa aikin jarida na bincike kuma ya bar kafofin watsa labarai su buga duk abin da suka samu. Wannan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafen badakalar gwamnati daga jaridun gwamnati na masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati. Ya yi murabus a ranar 12 ga Afrilun 1982 don adawa da abin da ya gani a matsayin gwamnatin da ke adawa da aiki, yana mai ayyana 'Masifa ga waɗanda ke yi wa mutane ba'a!'<ref>https://africa.sis.gov.eg/english/figures/politics/thomas-sankara/</ref> Bayan wani juyin mulki (7 ga Nuwamba 1982) ya kawo Manjo-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo kan mulki, Sankara ya zama Firayim Minista a watan Janairun 1983. Amma an kore shi daga aiki bayan 'yan watanni, a ranar 17 ga Mayu. A cikin waɗannan watanni huɗu, Sankara ya tura gwamnatin Ouédraogo don yin gyare-gyare masu ci gaba. An kama Sankara bayan da mai ba shugaban Faransa shawara kan harkokin Afirka, Guy Penne [fr], ya gana da Kanar Yorian Somé. Henri Zongo da Jean-Baptiste Boukary Lingani suma an tsare su. Shawarar kama Sankara ta kasance ba ta yi wa matasa jami'ai a gwamnatin soja dadi ba. Ɗaurin da aka yi masa ya haifar da isasshen kuzari ga abokinsa Blaise Compaoré don ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki.<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/01/03/thomas-sankara-l-ecologiste_6024742_3212.html</ref> == Shugabancin ƙasa == Juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya shirya ya sanya Sankara ya zama Shugaban ƙasa a ranar 4 ga Agusta 1983 yana da shekaru 33. Libya ta goyi bayan juyin mulkin, wanda a lokacin yake gab da yaƙi da Faransa a Chadi (duba tarihin Chadi).<ref>https://www.burkina24.com/2021/08/04/le-4-aout-1984-thomas-sankara-rebaptisait-la-haute-volta-en-burkina-faso/</ref> An gano Sankara a matsayin mai juyin juya hali kuma ya sami kwarin gwiwa daga misalan Fidel Castro na Cuba da Che Guevara, da kuma shugaban sojojin Ghana Jerry Rawlings. A matsayinsa na Shugaban kasa, ya tallata 'Democratic and Popular Revolution' (Révolution démocratique et populaire, ko RDP). Sankara ya ayyana akidar juyin juya hali a matsayin mai adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani jawabi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983, Discours d'orientation politique (DOP), wanda abokin aikinsa Valère Somé ya rubuta. Manufarsa ta mayar da hankali ne kan yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma inganta sake dasa bishiyoyi. A ranar 4 ga Agusta 1984, ranar cika shekaru daya da hawa karagar mulki, ya sake wa kasar suna Burkina Faso, ma'ana 'kasar mutanen kirki' a Mooré da Dyula, manyan harsuna biyu na kasar. Ya kuma ba ta sabuwar tuta, sabuwar alama, sannan ya rubuta sabuwar wakar kasa (Ditanyè). === Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali Lokacin da === Lokacin da Sankara ya hau mulki a ranar 4 ga Agusta, ya naɗa shugabancin ƙasar a Majalisar Juyin Juya Hali (CNR). Wannan wata hanya ce da Sankara zai nuna cewa zai yi ƙoƙarin kawo sauyi a siyasa da zamantakewa. CNR ta ƙunshi fararen hula da sojoji, dukkansu talakawa ne. Amma ƙidayar membobin sirri ne saboda dalilai na tsaro kuma Sankara da sauran waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyarsa ne kawai suka sani. CNR ta saba haɗuwa don tattaunawa game da muhimman tsare-tsare da shawarwari ga ƙasar. Sun taimaka wajen ba da shawara da jagora ga ayyukan gwamnati. Sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan shawarwari da shawarwari daga jami'an gwamnati; yanke shawara ta kasance ta gama gari. A wasu lokutan, sun yi watsi da shawarwarin da Sankara ya fifita da kansu. === Kiwon lafiya da ayyukan jama'a === Babban abin da Sankara ya fi bai wa fifiko bayan ya hau mulki shi ne ciyar da jama'arsa, samar da gidaje, da kuma samar da kulawar lafiya ga mutanensa wadanda ke matukar bukatar hakan. Ya kaddamar da wani shirin allurar riga-kafi mai yawa da nufin kawar da cutar shan inna, sankarau, da kyanda. Daga shekarar 1983 zuwa 1985, an yi wa 'yan Burkinabe miliyan biyu allurar riga-kafi, wanda hakan ya inganta sakamakon lafiyar jama'a sosai. Kafin shugabancin Sankara, adadin mace-macen jarirai a Burkina Faso ya kai kusan kashi 20.8% a lokacin da yake kan mulki, ya ragu zuwa kashi 14.5%. Gwamnatinsa ita ce kuma gwamnatin Afirka ta farko da ta amince da annobar cutar AIDS a bainar jama'a a matsayin babbar barazana ga Afirka. Baya ga kiwon lafiya, Sankara ya mayar da hankali kan manyan ayyukan gidaje da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Ya kafa masana'antun tubali don taimakawa wajen gina gidaje da rage cunkoson gidaje a birane. Wannan shiri ya samar da gidaje masu araha kuma ya samar da ayyukan yi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali a tattalin arziki. Don yaki da sare dazuzzuka, Sankara ya fara "The People's Girbi of Forest Residents," yana samar da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na kauyuka 7,000 da kuma shirya dasa bishiyoyi miliyan da dama. Wannan kokarin sake dasa dazuzzuka ba wai kawai yana da nufin dawo da muhalli ba ne, har ma da samar da ayyukan noma masu dorewa. Gwamnatinsa ta hada dukkan yankunan kasar ta hanyar wani babban shirin gina hanya da layin dogo. Mutanen Burkinabe sun shimfida layin dogo sama da kilomita 700 (mil 430) wanda ya taimaka wajen hako manganese a 'The Battle of the Railways', ba tare da wani taimakon kasashen waje ko kudi daga waje ba. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen sun nuna imaninsa cewa ƙasashen Afirka za su iya samun wadata ba tare da taimakon ƙasashen waje ba. Sankara ya kuma ba da fifiko ga ilimi don yaƙar yawan jahilci da ke addabar ƙasar da kashi 90%. Gwamnatinsa ta aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi masu nasara, wanda ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fannin karatu da rubutu. Bayan kisan gillarsa, yajin aikin malamai da kuma rashin son yin shawarwari na sabuwar gwamnati ya haifar da ƙirƙirar 'Malaman Juyin Juya Hali.' A shekarar 1986, an kori kusan malamai 2,500 saboda yajin aikin, wanda ya sa gwamnati ta gayyaci duk wanda ke da digirin jami'a don koyarwa ta hanyar shirin malamai na juyin juya hali. Masu aikin sa kai sun sami horo na kwanaki 10 kafin su fara koyarwa. == Cinikayya/kasuwanci == Dangane da manufofin kasuwanci, Sankara ya fifita autarky, inda ya hana shigo da kayayyaki da dama zuwa Burkina Faso da kuma ƙarfafa masana'antar da za a maye gurbin shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Misali ɗaya na wannan shine auduga, inda aka fara amfani da masaku da ake samarwa a cikin gida kawai. Ya kuma ɗauki wannan hanyar dangane da amfanin gonakin abinci, yana gargaɗin Burkinabes da su ci abincin da aka noma a cikin gida maimakon shinkafa da hatsi da aka shigo da su daga Turai. == Noma == A shekarun 1980, sama da kashi 90% na al'ummar ƙasar har yanzu manoma ne masu noma. Kasa da kashi shida cikin ɗari na filayen da za a iya ban ruwa suna samun ban ruwa, yayin da sauran suka dogara da ruwan sama, wanda ba shi da tabbas kuma bai isa ba. Kashi 10% na al'ummar ƙasar ne kawai ke da dabbobin da za a yi noma, yayin da sauran suka dogara da amfani da ƙananan ramuka don yin noma. Makiyaya kaɗan ne ke da damar samun abinci; dole ne su yi yawo a karkara don neman wuraren kiwo da wuraren shayarwa. Saboda haka, yunwa ta ci gaba da yaɗuwa. A cikin shekarun fari, al'ummar karkara na fuskantar barazanar yunwa. A cikin shirin shekaru biyar na Sankara, an ware kusan kashi 71% na jarin da aka yi hasashen za a zuba a fannoni masu amfani ga noma, dabbobi, kamun kifi, namun daji da dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru uku, an yi ban ruwa da kashi 25% saboda ayyukan sa kai. A kwarin Sourou, an gina madatsar ruwa cikin 'yan watanni, kusan gaba daya ta hanyar masu aikin sa kai. Amfani da takin zamani ya karu da kashi 56%. An sayi kuma an shigo da daruruwan taraktoci don manyan ayyukan hadin gwiwa. An gina daruruwan bankunan hatsi na kauyuka ta hanyar ma'aikata na gama gari da CDRs suka shirya don taimakawa manoma su adana da tallata amfanin gonakinsu. A baya, manoma ba su da hanyar adana hatsi da suka wuce kima kuma dole ne su sayar da su ga 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda za su sayar da amfanin gona iri daya zuwa kauyen daya kan ninki biyu na kudin. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1984, an mayar da dukkan filaye mallakar ƙasa. A da, sarakunan yankin sun yanke shawarar wanda zai iya noma. A wasu yankuna, mallakar filaye masu zaman kansu ya fara tasowa. Jimillar yawan amfanin gona ya karu da kashi 75% tsakanin 1983 da 1986. A cikin shekaru huɗu, masu sharhi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun ayyana noma a Burkini a matsayin wanda ya isa ya zama "wanda ya isa ya wadatar da kansa da abinci". == Muhalli == A shekarun 1980, lokacin da ilimin muhalli bai yi yawa ba, Thomas Sankara yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin da suka ɗauki kariyar muhalli a matsayin fifiko. Ya shiga manyan yaƙe-yaƙe guda uku: da gobarar daji, 'wanda za a ɗauke shi a matsayin laifuka kuma za a hukunta shi kamar haka'; da yawo da shanu, 'wanda ke tauye haƙƙin mutane saboda dabbobin da ba su da kulawa suna lalata yanayi'; da kuma yankan itace mai cike da rudani, 'wanda sana'arsa za ta kasance mai tsari da tsari'. A wani ɓangare na shirin ci gaba da ya shafi yawancin al'umma, an dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a Burkina Faso cikin watanni goma sha biyar a lokacin juyin juya halin. Don fuskantar ci gaban hamada da fari mai maimaitawa, Thomas Sankara shi ma ya ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi masu tsayin kusan kilomita hamsin, suna ratsa ƙasar daga gabas zuwa yamma. Ya yi tunanin faɗaɗa wannan bel ɗin ciyayi zuwa wasu ƙasashe. Tun daga watan Oktoba na 1984, cikin tsawon watanni goma sha biyar, gwamnatin Sankara ta dasa bishiyoyi miliyan goma a wani kamfen na sake dasa dazuzzuka. Sankara ya ce, "A cikin dazuzzukan Burkina ita ce kawai tushen makamashinmu. Dole ne mu riƙa tunatar da kowane mutum game da aikinsa na kula da kuma sake farfaɗo da yanayi". === Kotunan Juyin Juya Halin Jama'a === Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya sami iko, Sankara ya gina tsarin kotuna da aka sani da Popular Revolutionary Court. An ƙirƙiri kotunan ne da farko don a yi wa tsoffin jami'an gwamnati shari'a ta hanya madaidaiciya don talakawan Burkinabe su shiga ko su kula da shari'o'in maƙiyan juyin juya hali. Sun sanya waɗanda ake tuhuma a shari'a bisa laifin cin hanci da rashawa, kin biyan haraji, ko kuma ayyukan da suka shafi juyin juya hali. Hukunce-hukuncen tsoffin jami'an gwamnati ba su da sauƙi kuma galibi ana dakatar da su. Ana zargin kotunan ne kawai da nuna shari'o'i, waɗanda jama'a ke kula da su. A cewar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka, hanyoyin da ake bi a waɗannan shari'o'in, musamman kariyar shari'a ga waɗanda ake tuhuma, ba su dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa ba. Dole ne waɗanda ake tuhuma su tabbatar da cewa ba su da laifi daga laifukan da aka tuhume su da aikatawa kuma lauyoyi ba su ba su izinin wakiltar su ba. Da farko mutanen Burkinabe sun yaba wa kotunan amma daga ƙarshe an yi musu lakabi da cin hanci da rashawa da zalunci. An yi wa waɗanda ake kira 'ma'aikata marasa galihu' shari'a kuma an yanke musu hukuncin yin aiki kyauta, ko kuma a kore su daga ayyukansu kuma an nuna musu wariya. Wasu sun ƙirƙiri kotunansu don su daidaita maki da wulaƙanta maƙiyansu. === Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali === An kafa Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali (Comités de Défense de la Révolution ko CDRs) a matsayin ƙungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai. An ƙirƙiri CDRs a matsayin wani nau'i na mayar da martani ga ƙarfin sojoji da kuma haɓaka juyin juya hali na siyasa da zamantakewa. An ɗauko ra'ayin Kwamitin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali daga shugaban Cuba Fidel Castro, wanda aka ƙirƙiri Kwamitocin Tsaron Juyin Juya Hali a matsayin wani nau'i na 'kallon juyin juya hali'. === Dangantaka da mutanen Mossi === Wani batu da ya jawo cece-kuce game da mulkin Sankara shine yadda ya tafiyar da ƙabilar Mossi. Mossi su ne ƙabila mafi girma a Burkina Faso, kuma suna bin tsarin zamantakewa mai tsauri, na gargajiya, da kuma na tsari. A saman tsarin mulki akwai Morho Naba, babban ko sarkin mutanen Mossi. Sankara ya ɗauki wannan tsari a matsayin cikas ga haɗin kan ƙasa, kuma ya ci gaba da rage manyan Mossi. Ba a ba Morho Naba izinin gudanar da kotu ba. An kwace wa sarakunan ƙauye ikon zartarwa, wanda aka bai wa CDR. === Haƙƙin Mata === Sankara ya yi aiki tukuru don kare haƙƙin mata kuma ya ayyana "Babu juyin juya hali na zamantakewa na gaske ba tare da 'yantar da mata ba". Inganta matsayin mata a cikin al'ummar Burkinabe yana ɗaya daga cikin manufofin Sankara, kuma gwamnatinsa ta haɗa da adadi mai yawa na mata, wani fifiko na siyasa da ba a taɓa gani ba a Yammacin Afirka. Gwamnatinsa ta haramta yi wa mata kaciya, auren dole da kuma auren mata fiye da ɗaya, yayin da ta naɗa mata a manyan mukamai na gwamnati da kuma ƙarfafa su su yi aiki a waje da gida su zauna a makaranta ko da suna da juna biyu. Sankara ya ƙarfafa hana ɗaukar ciki kuma a shekarar 1986 an cire duk wani takunkumi kan hana ɗaukar ciki. Ya kuma kafa Ma'aikatar Ci gaban Iyali da Ƙungiyar Matan Burkina. Sankara ya fahimci ƙalubalen da matan Afirka ke fuskanta lokacin da ya yi jawabi mai suna na bikin Ranar Mata ta Duniya a ranar 8 ga Maris 1987 a Ouagadougou. Sankara ya yi magana da dubban mata, yana mai cewa juyin juya halin Burkinabe yana 'kafa sabbin alaƙar zamantakewa', wanda zai 'dagula dangantakar iko tsakanin maza da mata tare da tilasta wa kowannensu ya sake tunani game da yanayin duka biyun. Wannan aiki yana da matuƙar wahala amma dole ne'. Baya ga kasancewa shugaban Afirka na farko da ya naɗa mata a manyan mukamai na majalisar ministoci, ya ɗauki su aiki tuƙuru don aikin soja. === Yaƙin Agacher Strip === [[Fayil:Moussa Traoré (1989) (cropped).jpg|thumb|191x191px|Moussa Traoré]] Bayan rikicin da ya faru a shekarar 1974 tsakanin Burkina Faso da Mali kan yankin Agacher Strip da ake takaddama a kai, Kungiyar Hadin Kan Afirka ta kafa kwamitin sulhu don warware takaddamar da kuma samar da wani yanki mai zaman kansa, wanda ba shi da bambanci a kan iyaka. Gwamnatocin biyu sun bayyana cewa ba za su yi amfani da karfin soja don kawo karshen rikicin ba. Amma a shekarar 1983 kasashen biyu ba su yi jituwa ba game da aikin kwamitin. Sankara da kansa ya ƙi Shugaban Mali Moussa Traoré, wanda ya karɓi mulki ta hanyar sauke gwamnatin Modibo Keïta mai ra'ayin hagu. A ranar 17 ga Satumba, Sankara ya ziyarci Mali ya kuma gana da Traoré. Tare da shiga tsakani a Aljeriya, su biyun sun amince Kotun Duniya ta Shari'a (ICJ) ta warware takaddamar kan iyaka, sannan daga baya ta nemi hukumar da ta warware matsalar. A watan Yulin shekarar 1985, Burkina Faso ta ayyana babban sakataren Mali na Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Yammacin Afirka, Drissa Keita, a matsayin wanda ba shi da wani tasiri bayan ya soki gwamnatin Sankara. A watan Satumba, Sankara ya gabatar da wani jawabi inda ya yi kira da a yi juyin juya hali a Mali. Shugabannin Mali sun fi damuwa da kalaman batanci, domin ƙasarsu tana fuskantar tashin hankali na zamantakewa. A lokaci guda, Sankara da sauran manyan mutane a CNR sun gamsu cewa Traoré yana da adawa da gwamnatin Burkinabe a Bamako kuma yana shirin tayar da yakin kan iyaka, wanda za a yi amfani da shi don tallafawa juyin juya hali na gaba. Zaman dar-dar a kan iyakar ya fara ƙaruwa a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba lokacin da aka kashe wani ɗan ƙasar Burkinabe kusa da kan iyaka a Lardin Soum. 'Yan sandan Mali sun ketare iyaka don kama mai kisan gillar, sannan suka tsare wasu membobin Kwamitin Tsaron Juyin Juya Halin da ke yankin waɗanda ke shirya kotu. Bayan kwana uku, 'yan sandan Mali sun shiga Kounia don 'dawo da tsari'. Burkina Faso ta gabatar da wakilcin diflomasiyya kan abubuwan da suka faru a Mali, amma ba a ba su amsa a hukumance ba. <ref name="ReutersChe">. [https://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USL17577712 Burkina Faso Salutes "Africa's Che" Thomas Sankara] by Mathieu Bonkoungou, ''[[Reuters]]'', 17 October 2007.</ref><ref name="Thomas Sankara Speaks 2007, pg 11">''Thomas Sankara Speaks: the Burkina Faso Revolution: 1983–87'', by Thomas Sankara, edited by Michel Prairie; Pathfinder, 2007, pg 11</ref><ref>[https://archive.is/20120702213957/http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/071015-Burkina-Faso-Sankara-redirected "Thomas Sankara, Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''[[Radio Netherlands Worldwide]]'', 15 October 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sarahgoyens.blogspot.com/2009/01/africas-che-guevara.html "Africa's Che Guevara"] by ''Sarah in Burkina Faso''.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Mutuwan 1987]] er1hiqyfi2zp8htscylhsha2r3q0cz6 0 12703 863755 493912 2026-06-22T09:47:34Z Murtala Abubakar Sokoto 45981 863755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}{{hujja}} [[File:Battlefield_of_Badr.jpg |thumb| Filin da aka gabza yaƙin badar]] [[File:BaderMonument.jpg |thumb| Abin tunawa da yakin badar]] [[File:Battle of Badr.jpg|thumb|Yaƙi na farko]] '''Badar''' Shi ne Yaki na farko (1) da [[Annabi]] [[Muhammad]] S.A.W da Sahabbansa suka fara yi a tarihin [[Musulunci]], duk waɗanda suka halacci yakin an gafarta musu. Musulmai a yakin suna da karanci kasancewar ba su wuce su 300 da wani abu ba, amman a haka Allah ya taimakesu har suka yi galaba akan [[kafirai]].kuma yaki ne mai matukar muhimmanci a tarihin musulunci ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} axhx6n6u7u7xi9cof3x326oli1y0d2i 863757 863755 2026-06-22T09:48:00Z Murtala Abubakar Sokoto 45981 863757 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}{{hujja}} [[File:Battlefield_of_Badr.jpg |thumb| Filin da aka gabza yaƙin badar]] [[File:BaderMonument.jpg |thumb| Abin tunawa da yakin badar]] [[File:Battle of Badr.jpg|thumb|Yaƙi na farko]] '''Badar''' Shi ne Yaki na farko (1) da [[Annabi]] [[Muhammad]] S.A.W da Sahabbansa suka fara yi a tarihin [[Musulunci]], duk waɗanda suka halacci yakin an gafarta musu. Musulmai a yakin suna da karanci kasancewar ba su wuce su 300 da wani abu ba, amman a haka Allah ya taimakesu har suka yi galaba akan [[kafirai]].kuma yaki ne mai matukar muhimmanci a tarihin musulunci. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} 7pust62xxo8e2vhjjew5eqd4s3ai3ym 0 13784 863600 601292 2026-06-22T04:57:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Toyosi Ogunseye, President & CEO of the Presidential Precinct.jpg|thumb|Oluwatoyosi Ogunseye jami' difolomasiya]] '''Oluwatoyosi Ogunseye''' edita ce na [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]], [[Ɗan jarida|yar' jarida]] kuma a yanzu haka itace a matsayin shugaban sashen aiyukan yare na (Yammacin Afirka) a Sashin watsa labaran Duniya na BBC.<ref name=" BBC News">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2017/new-leaders-east-west-african-languages|title=BBC - BBC World Service appoints new leaders for East and West African Languages - Media Centre|website=www.bbc.co.uk|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-04-10}}</ref><ref name="The Cable NG">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thecable.ng/interview-leaving-punch-like-amputating-part-body-says-toyosi-ogunseye|title=INTERVIEW: Leaving Punch was like amputating a part of my body, says Toyosi Ogunseye - TheCable|date=2018-02-10|work=TheCable|access-date=2018-04-10|language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce tsohuwar editan jaridar ''The Punch Newspaper'' . Har ila yau, ellowan Mandela Washington Fellow ce. == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == Ogunseye an haife ta ne a [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] cikin kabilar Yarbawa . Ta kammala karatun digirin ta ne a Jami'ar Legas inda ta sami digiri na farko a Biochemistry; Bayan haka ta sami difloma bayan kammala karatun digirin-digirgir a kwalejin aikin jarida daga Cibiyar Jarida ta Najeriya . A shekara ta 2010, ta sami digiri na biyu a cikin Media da sadarwa daga Jami'ar Pan-Atlantic . Yanzu tana karatunta a matsayinta na PhD a fagen Siyasa da dangantakar kasa da kasa a Jami'ar Leicester, [[Birtaniya|United Kingdom]].<ref name="Presidential Precint">{{cite web|last1=Admin|title=Oluwatoyosi Ogunseye|url=http://presidentialprecinct.org/category/fellows_blogs/nigeria/oluwatoyosi_ogunseye/|website=Presidential precinct|accessdate=17 February 2017|archive-date=18 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218065708/http://presidentialprecinct.org/category/fellows_blogs/nigeria/oluwatoyosi_ogunseye/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Admin|title=Toyosi Ogunseye|url=https://africa.cnnjournalistaward.com/en/finalists/2011/|website=CNN Journalist|accessdate=17 February 2017|archive-date=9 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709050712/https://africa.cnnjournalistaward.com/en/finalists/2011/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Admin|title=Presidential Precinct/Toyosi Ogunseye|url=http://presidentialprecinct.org/category/fellows_blogs/nigeria/oluwatoyosi_ogunseye/|website=Presidential Precinct|accessdate=17 February 2017|archive-date=18 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218065708/http://presidentialprecinct.org/category/fellows_blogs/nigeria/oluwatoyosi_ogunseye/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Admin|title=Ogunseye, Toyosi|url=http://www.dw.com/en/ogunseye-toyosi/a-16749722|website=DW.com|accessdate=17 February 2017}}</ref> == Aiki == Ogunseye ta shiga cikin aikin jarida kai tsaye ne tun tana a matsayin daliba ta biyu a sashin nazarin halittu, Jami'ar Legas lokacin da Musa Egbemana ya sanya cikin daukar bidiyo a yayin bayar da rahoton labarin da ke faruwa a Jami'ar Legas da za a buga a ''Jaridar Sun'' a lokacin Femi Adesina ita ce edita a 2004<ref>{{cite web|last1=Odilu|first1=Richard|title=Exclusive Interview: ‘I Don't Give Up,’ Says the Inspiring Toyosi Ogunseye, CNN African Journalist Award Winner|url=http://ynaija.com/exclusive-interview-i-dont-give-up-says-the-inspiring-toyosi-ogunseye-cnn-african-journalist-award-winner/|website=Ynaija|accessdate=17 February 2017}}</ref> kuma daga baya ya koma ''News Star Newspaper'' a matsayin babban marubuci a 2007. A shekarar 2009, ta shiga ''jaridar The Punch'' a matsayin mataimakiyar editan labarai da siyasa har zuwa 2012. Toyosi ta kasance 'yar jarida mai bincike tun daga 2006, kafin ta zama edita ta yi aiki a jaridar Sunday Punch a matsayin edita na labarai da kuma babban mai ba da labari, kwararre kan laifuka a cikin gida da na duniya. Ita ce ta farko kuma ƙarami mace edita a ''Jaridar The Punch'' .<ref>{{cite web|last1=Admin|title=Toyosi Ogunseye|url=http://www.icfj.org/oluwatoyosi-ogunseye|website=ICFJ|accessdate=17 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Admin|title=Mandela Washington Fellow Oluwatoyosi Ogunseye Receives 2014 Knight International Journalism Award|url=https://alumni.state.gov/highlight/mandela-washington-fellow-oluwatoyosi-ogunseye-receives-2014-knight-international|website=Alumni State|accessdate=17 February 2017|archive-date=23 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823132637/https://alumni.state.gov/highlight/mandela-washington-fellow-oluwatoyosi-ogunseye-receives-2014-knight-international|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="The Cable Nigeria"/> == Martabawa da kyautuka == Ogunseye ta lashe lambobin kafofin watsa labarai sama da 25 da suka hada da fannin kiwon lafiya na CNN MultiChoice Dan Jaridar Afirka da ya samu kyaututtuka<ref name="The Cable Nigeria"/> a shekarar 2011 da 2013, Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Najeriya ta shekarar 2013, makomar kyaututtukan Afirka, 2013, Jaridar Kyauta da Ya dace ta Yara. da lambar yabo ta Diamond Awards Media Media (DAME).<ref>{{cite web|last1=Admin|title=Ogunseye, Toyosi|url=http://www.dw.com/en/ogunseye-toyosi/a-16749722|website=DW.com|accessdate=17 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Admin|title=Ogunseye, Ezeani win Journalism, New Media prizes|url=http://www.mediacareerng.org/2013/12/21/ogunseye-ezeani-win-journalism-new-media-prizes/|website=Mediacareer Ng|accessdate=17 February 2017|archive-date=18 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218064151/http://www.mediacareerng.org/2013/12/21/ogunseye-ezeani-win-journalism-new-media-prizes/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="The Cable Nigeria">{{cite web|last1=Oputah|first1=David|title=Nigerian wins Knight International Journalism Award|url=https://www.thecable.ng/nigerian-journalist-toyosi-ogunseye-wins-knight-international-journalism-award|website=The Cable Ng|accessdate=17 February 2017}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ogunseye, Oluwatoyosi}} 7c3o5ho2wkpknzl7ej4m8zu4cxt7dzp 0 14758 863825 794019 2026-06-22T11:34:06Z Aisha Indo 46229 An kirkira ta fassara "Censorship" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346630891|Fuelling Poverty]]" 863825 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}   Fuelling Poverty fim ne na Najeriya na 2012 wanda [[Ishaya Bako]] ya jagoranta wanda ke ba da labarin ayyukan ƙungiyar Occupy Nigeria lokacin da ta kasance a ƙarshen ta a farkon 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |last=JON GAMBRELL |date=April 21, 2013 |title="Fuelling Poverty" Documentary Censored By Nigerian Officials |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/21/fuelling-poverty-documentary-nigeria_n_3126915.html |access-date=29 July 2014 |website=Huffingtonpost.com}}</ref> Fim din na minti 28 ya nuna bayyanar musamman ta hanyar [[Wole Soyinka]], [[Femi Falana]], [[Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai]], [[Seun Kuti]] da [[Desmond Elliot]]. Ya lashe kyautar Kyautattun Bayanai a 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2012 |title=Video: Watch Ishaya Bako's Documentary Film On The Fuel Subsidy, FUELING POVERTY |url=http://www.jaguda.com/2012/12/05/video-watch-ishaya-bakos-documentary-film-on-the-fuel-subsidy-fueling-poverty/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422023856/http://jaguda.com/2012/12/05/video-watch-ishaya-bakos-documentary-film-on-the-fuel-subsidy-fueling-poverty/ |archive-date=22 April 2016 |access-date=29 July 2014 |website=Jaguda.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2012 |title="We Have Nothing Else To Sacrifice" – Watch Ishaya Bako's Fuel Subsidy Removal Documentary "Fueling Poverty" |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/12/05/we-have-nothing-else-to-sacrifice-watch-ishaya-bakos-fuel-subsidy-removal-documentary-fueling-poverty/ |access-date=29 July 2014 |website=Bellanaija.com}}</ref> == Censorship == Gwamnatin Najeriya ne, ta hanyar Hukumar Kula da Fim da Bidiyo ta Kasa (NFVCB), ta haramta fim din daga baje kolin jama'a, tana mai cewa "abin da ke cikin fim din yana da matukar tayar da hankali, kuma yana iya haifar da ko karfafa rikice-rikicen jama'a da lalata tsaron kasa".[1] Masu gabatarwa, ta hanyar lauyan NFVCB, an kuma "ba da shawara sosai kada su rarraba ko nuna fim din. Dukkanin hukumomin tsaro na kasa masu dacewa suna cikin faɗakarwa". == Tanaden Kuɗi == Gwamnatin Najeriya, ta hannun Hukumar Tace Fina-finai da Bidiyo ta Kasa (NFVCB), ta haramta nuna fim din a bainar jama'a, tana mai cewa "abin da ke cikin fim din yana da matukar tayar da hankali kuma yana iya haifar da rikici ko kuma ya kawo cikas ga tsaron kasa". <ref>{{Cite news |date=December 3, 2012 |title=Fuelling Poverty-A Documentary About The Fuel Subsidy Fraud And The #Occupy Nigeria Movement |url=http://saharareporters.com/2012/12/03/fuelling-poverty-documentary-about-fuel-subsidy-fraud-and-occupy-nigeria-movement |access-date=29 July 2014 |location=New York City, United States |newspaper=[[Sahara Reporters]]}}</ref> .<ref>{{Cite news |date=December 3, 2012 |title=Fuelling Poverty-A Documentary About The Fuel Subsidy Fraud And The #Occupy Nigeria Movement |url=http://saharareporters.com/2012/12/03/fuelling-poverty-documentary-about-fuel-subsidy-fraud-and-occupy-nigeria-movement |access-date=29 July 2014 |location=New York City, United States |newspaper=[[Sahara Reporters]]}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin fina-finan Najeriya na 2012|Jerin fina-finai na Najeriya na 2012]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} isl9tgfxg4n9rzbn2f8djhwqyc0bbcp 0 16065 863604 608165 2026-06-22T05:17:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Omololu Falobi''' ( '''1971-5''' ga watan Oktoba, 2006) ɗan jaridar [[Najeriya|Nijeriya]] ne, kuma mai gwagwarmaya da [[Kanjamau|cutar kanjamau]]. A 1997, ya kirkiro JAAIDS. <ref>{{Cite web|title=OSI Mourns the Loss of African AIDS Activist Omololu Falobi|url=https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/newsroom/osi-mourns-loss-african-aids-activist-omololu-falobi|access-date=2020-10-19|website=www.opensocietyfoundations.org|language=en}}</ref> Kyautar Omololu Falobi an kirkireshi ne da sunan sa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-02-18|title=The Omololu Falobi Award|url=https://www.avac.org/falobi|access-date=2020-10-19|website=AVAC|language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1998, ya kirkiro kungiyar JAAIDS, wata kungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce ta hada ‘yan jaridu daga sassan kasar nan domin wayar da kan jama’a game da illolin cutar kanjamau da kuma yadda za a kiyaye daga cutar.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-12-02|title=On World AIDS Day, we remember our Brother OMOLOLU FALOBI|url=https://nigeriahealthwatch.com/wad2014/|access-date=2020-10-19|website=Nigeria Health Watch|language=en-GB|archive-date=2020-10-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023221558/https://nigeriahealthwatch.com/wad2014/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 2004 da 2005, ya kasance wakili a kwamitin Hadin gwiwar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] kan cutar kanjamau wato [[:en:Joint_United_Nations_Programme_on_HIV/AIDS|Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Omololu Falobi, Nigerian Journalist/HIV-AIDS Activist, 1971-2006 {{!}} Internews|url=https://internews.org/updates/omololu-falobi-nigerian-journalisthiv-aids-activist-1971-2006|access-date=2020-10-19|website=internews.org|archive-date=2017-07-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708071926/http://internews.org/updates/omololu-falobi-nigerian-journalisthiv-aids-activist-1971-2006|url-status=dead}}</ref>An kashe shi a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 2006 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], da misalin karfe 10 na dare; bai dade da barin hedikwatar kungiyar sa da ke Legas ba. An yi zargin cewa wadanda suka kashe shi sun bi shi kuma sun harbe shi sau da yawa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Killed: Omololu Falobi, JAAIDS Founder and Executive Director {{!}} Chicago Afrobeat Project {{!}} Carrying the Torch Since 2002|url=http://chicagoafrobeatproject.com/|access-date=2020-10-19|website=Chicago Afrobeat Project|language=en-US}}</ref> == Iyali == Yayi aure kuma ya haifi yara biyu. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2006-10-09|title=Pioneering AIDS Journalist Omololu Falobi Dies|url=https://www.poz.com/article/Pioneering-AIDS-Journalist-Omololu-Falobi-Dies-10665-9993|access-date=2020-10-19|website=POZ|language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://omololu-falobi.blogspot.com/ Ban kwana da Mai Rahadodi Mara tsoro] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002122216/http://omololu-falobi.blogspot.com/ |date=2022-10-02 }} 2006 * https://nigeria-aids.org/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006135618/https://nigeria-aids.org/ |date=2022-10-06 }} ezdqnca7d8htlb83vc6ibxbzz0y1sh0 0 16087 863605 795754 2026-06-22T05:19:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Omotola Jalade Ekeinde WEF 2015.png|thumb|Omotola Jalade Ekeinde]] '''Omotola Jalade''' (an haife ta ranar 7 ga watan Febrairu a shekarar 1978) Bayan abubuwan da ta nuna na kasuwanci, an kuma yaba mata saboda kokarin da take yi na jin kai.<ref name=CNN>{{Cite web |title=Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde: 10 things to know about 'Omosexy'|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/01/17/showbiz/omotola-jalade-ekeinde-queen-nollywood/index.html |date=17 January 2014|access-date=15 March 2022 |website=[[CNN|CNN Entertainment]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Omotola Jalade Ekeinde biography: Age, husband, children, movies|date=3 February 2021|first=Kelvin|last=Okafor|url=https://www.legit.ng/1102269-omotola-jalade-biography.html |access-date=15 March 2022 |website=[[legit.ng]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Omotola na daya daga cikin wadanda suka fara nuna finafinan bidiyo na finafinan Najeriya, tana cikin 'yan fim mata da ake kallo a Afirka.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nigeria: Omotola Hits 1 Million Facebook Likes |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201302181875.html|via= All Africa|date=16 February 2013|website=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|access-date=4 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://thenet.ng/omotola-surpasses-1m-likes-on-facebook/|title=Omotola surpasses 1m 'likes' on Facebook|date=10 February 2013|first=Osagie|last=Alonge|website=[[Nigeria Entertainment Today]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2013, ta ya girmama a ''Lokaci'' mujallar ta jerin daga cikin 100 mafi tasiri mutane a duniya tare da Michelle Obama, Beyonce da kuma Kate Middleton. A cikin shekara ta 2013, Omotola tayi taƙaitaccen fim a jerin silsilar VH1, ''Hit the Floor'' . A ranar 2 ga watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2013, tayi kuma magana a taron shekara ta 2013 na taron HIKIMA-, wanda aka gudanar a [[Doha]], Qatar. A cikin shekara ta 2014, gwamnatin Nijeriya ta karrama ta a matsayin memba na Orderungiyar Tarayyar Tarayya, MFR saboda gudummawar da ta bayar a finafinan Najeriya. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Omotola, wanda ƴar asalin [[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] ne, haifaffen [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas ne]] . Ta girma a cikin iyali na biyar: iyayenta da kannenta biyu; Tayo da Bolaji Jalade. Mahaifiyarta, Oluwatoyin Jalade wacce aka fi sani da Amori Oguntade, tana aiki a JT Chanrai Najeriya, kuma mahaifinta, Oluwashola Jalade, sun yi aiki a YMCA da kuma gasar Lagos. Omotola burinta na farko shi ne ta gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci, yayin da take jiran sakamakonta daga jami’a, sai ta fara sana’ar sayar da kayayyaki don samun abin dogaro da kai. Omotola ta halarci makarantar Chrisland, Opebi (1981-1987), makarantar yara ta Oxford (1987), Santos Layout, da [https://maps.me/catalog/education/amenity-school/command-secondary-school-3471566739/ Command Secondary Schoo, l Kaduna] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031132332/https://maps.me/catalog/education/amenity-school/command-secondary-school-3471566739/ |date=2020-10-31 }} (1988-1993). Ta yi takaitaccen aiki a jami’ar Obafemi Awolowo kuma ta kammala karatunta a kwalejin Fasaha ta Yaba (1996–2004), inda ta yi karatun Estate Management. == Ayyuka == === Yin aiki === An gabatar da Omotola ga yin wasan kwaikwayo ta hanyar rakiyar wani aboki zuwa wani sauraro. Matsayinta na farko shine a fim din 1995 [https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/05/17/omosexy-celebrates-25-years-in-entertainment-with-sexy-look/ ''Venom of Justice''], wanda [https://www.insidenolly.ng/reginald-ebere/ Reginald Ebere ya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030233237/https://www.insidenolly.ng/reginald-ebere/ |date=2020-10-30 }} jagoranta. An ambaci Reginald a matsayin ƙaddamar da aikin Omotola. An ba ta jagoranci a cikin fim din, wanda ya kafa fagen samun ci gaba a masana'antar fim ta Nollywood. Omotola ta sami babban matsayi na farko a fim mai suna ''Mortal Inheritance'' (1995). A cikin fim din, ta yi wasa da mai cutar sikila wacce ta yi gwagwarmaya don rayuwarta duk da rashin dacewar rayuwa. Halin Omotola ya shawo kan cutar kuma ta sami ɗa. Ana ɗaukar fim ɗin a matsayin ɗayan mafi kyawun finafinan Najeriya da aka taɓa yin su. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta yi fice a fina-finai da yawa, ciki har da ''[https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/throwback-thursday-throwback-to-the-movie-games-women-play/hsx4b2z Wasannin Mata] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241201023114/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/throwback-thursday-throwback-to-the-movie-games-women-play/hsx4b2z |date=2024-12-01 }}'', ’ ''[https://www.worldcat.org/title/blood-sister/oclc/558658799 Yan’uwa mata na jini]'', ''Duk Rayuwata'', ''Bikin Auren da ya gabata'', ''Labarina'', ''Matar da ke cikina'' da kuma wasu. Bayan aiki mai bayyana rawar da ta taka a ''Gado na Mortal'', hoton Omotola ya ci ta "Gwarzuwar Jaruma a cikin Fim da take Magana da Turanci" da "Mafi Kyawun 'Yar Wasa Gabaɗaya" a (1997) Kyautar Fim. Ita ce 'yar ƙaramar Actar wasa a Nijeriya a wancan lokacin don cimma wannan nasarar. [[File:DJA with Star Actress Omotola Jalade Ekeinde.jpg|thumb|Omotola Jalade Ekeinde]] A ƙarshen 1990s da farkon 2000s, shahararriyar 'yar fim din ta fito a fina-finai da yawa, ciki har da ''Lost Kingdom II'', ''Kosorogun II'', da ''Blood Sister II'', wanda ke jagorantar samun babbar kyauta a madadin Gwarzon Gwarzon Globalwarewar Duniya a shekarar (2004) ). Zuwa tsakiyar shekara (2000), Omotola ya shiga cikin jerin "A". An ba ta lambar yabo mafi kyawu a cikin rawar tallafi yayin bikin Kwalejin Fim na Afirka a (2005). === Waƙar aiki === OmoSexy, ta ƙaddamar da "waƙar jira" aikin waƙa a shekarar 2005 tare da fitar da kundin wakarta ta farko mai taken "gba". Albam din ya samar da wakar "Naija Lowa" da "Abubuwan Da Kuke Yi Mini." Faifanta na biyu da ba a sake shi ba - ''Ni, Ni kaina, da Idanuna'', an kawo su ne daga Paul Play da Del B. Waƙoƙin "Feel Alright" ne suka tallafa ta, wanda ke nuna Harrysong, da "Ta cikin Wuta", wanda ke dauke da Uche. An shirya bikin ƙaddamar da kundin wajan a Najeriya kuma ana sa ran sayar da tebur akan [[Naira|N]] 1&nbsp;miliyan. A ƙarshen shekarar 2012, Omotola ta fara aiki a kan kundi na uku kuma ta nemi taimakon The Bridge Entertainment. Ta tafi Atlanta don aiki tare da wasu fitattun furodusoshi da marubuta waƙa waɗanda za su iya taimakawa ƙirƙirar sauti wanda zai dace da masu sauraron Amurka. Tana da zama tare da Kendrick Dean, Drumma Boy da Verse Simmonds kuma an yi rikodin tare da waƙa tare da mawaƙa Bobby V. A cikin shekarar (2012), Omotola ta ƙaddamar da nata wasan kwaikwayon na gaskiya, ''Omotola: The Real Me'', akan Africa Magic Entertainment, M-Net reshenta na talla akan DStv . Wannan ya sanya Omotola shahararren ɗan Nijeriya na farko da ya fara fitowa a cikin shirinta na gaskiya. == Lambobin yabo da Sunaye == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Year !Award !Category !Recipient !Result |- | rowspan="2" |1997 | rowspan="2" |The Movie Awards (THEMA) |Best Actress English | rowspan="2" |Mortal Inheritance | {{won}} |- |Best Actress Overall |{{won}} |- | rowspan="4" |2004 |City People awards for Excellence |Best Actress | rowspan="8" |Herself | {{won}} |- |Global Excellence Recognition Awards |Best Actress & Grand Achiever | {{won}} |- |Civil Enlightenment Organization of Nigeria (CEON) |Best Individual & Symbol of Creativity | {{won}} |- |NUSEC Awards |Best Actress | {{won}} |- |2005 |1st Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) |Best Actress in a Supporting Role | {{won}} |- |2006 |Youths Benefactor's Award |Most friendly Actress | {{won}} |- | rowspan="2" |2009 |2009 Best of Nollywood Awards |Best Actress Leading Role (Yoruba) |{{nom}} |- |2009 Nigeria Entertainment Awards |Best Actress |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2010 |2010 Nigeria Entertainment Awards |Best Actress Film/Short Story |Deepest of Dreams |{{nom}} |- |2010 Ghana Movie Awards |Best Actress-Africa Collaboration |A Private Storm |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |2011 |8th Africa Movie Academy Awards |Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role | rowspan="2" |Ties That Bind |{{nom}} |- |2011 Ghana Movie Awards |Best Actress-Africa Collaboration |{{won}} |- |2011 Best of Nollywood Awards |Best Actress Leading Role (English) |A Private Storm |{{nom}} |- |2011 Nigeria Entertainment Awards |Best Actress Film/Short Story |Ijé |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="7" |2012 |Eloy Awards |Actress of the Year |Ties That Bind |{{won}} |- |Screen Nation Awards |Pan African Best Actress | rowspan="2" |Herself |{{won}} |- |Black Entertainment Film Fashion Television and Arts Awards (BEFFTA) |Film Actress Icon | {{won}} |- | rowspan="2" |2012 Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards |GIAMA Humanitarian Award |Omotola Youth Empowerment Foundation |{{won}} |- |Viewers Choice -Female |Herself |{{nom}} |- |2012 Nigeria Entertainment Awards |Best Actress in A Film |Ties That Bind |{{nom}} |- |2012 Nollywood Movies Awards |Best Actress in a Leading Role |A Private Storm |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |2013 |2013 Nollywood Movies Awards |Popular Online Choice | rowspan="2" |Herself |{{won}} |- |Music Video and Screen Awards (MVISA) |Ebony Vanguard Award |{{won}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde honoured at Music Video and Screen Awards|url=http://thenet.ng/2013/11/omotola-jalade-ekeinde-honoured-at-music-video-and-screen-awards/|publisher=Nigerian Entertainment Today|access-date=16 December 2013|date=7 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131210235616/http://thenet.ng/2013/11/omotola-jalade-ekeinde-honoured-at-music-video-and-screen-awards/|archive-date=10 December 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |2013 Nigeria Entertainment Awards |Best Lead Actress in a Film |Last Flight to Abuja |{{nom}} |- |2014 |MTV Africa Music Awards 2014 |Personality of the Year |Herself |{{nom}} |- |2016 |City People Social Media Awards |Female Entertainment Personality |Herself |{{won}}<ref>http://www.informationng.com/2016/03/omotola-jalade-ekeinde-wins-award-as-female-entertainment-personality.html</ref> |- | rowspan="4" |2017 |Nollywood Travel Film Festival | rowspan="2" |Best Actress | rowspan="4" |Alter Ego |{{won}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.newsbreak.ng/2017/09/omotola-wins-best-actress-award/ |access-date=2020-11-21 |archive-date=2019-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417200824/https://www.newsbreak.ng/2017/09/omotola-wins-best-actress-award/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |Toronto International Nollywood Film Festival |{{won}} |- |2017 Best of Nollywood Awards | rowspan="2" |Best Actress Leading Role (English) |{{nom}} |- |City People Movie Awards |{{nom}} |- |2018 |Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards (AMVCA) |Best Actress in a Movie/TV Series |Alter Ego |Won |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] e1lci4nfv7qr4u8bggv5t0jiyief6ak 0 17497 863602 235486 2026-06-22T05:07:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Omar Abubakar Hambagda''' (an haifeshi 28 ga watan Yuli shekara ta 1949 - 30 Mayu 2016) ɗan siyasan Nijeriya ne wanda ya kasance ɗan majalisar dattawa mai wakiltar mazabar Borno ta Kudu == Asalin sa == An haifi Omar Abubakar Hambagda a ranar 28 ga watan Yulin 1949. Ya sami MA daga Jami'ar Lancaster. Ya zama kwamishinan lafiya (1993) da Ilimi (1999) a jihar Borno, kuma ya kasance mataimakin farfesa kuma shugaban kula da harkokin kasuwanci a Jami'ar Maiduguri. A 1996, ya wallafa wani littafi mai suna: 'Accountability in government: rawar ma'aikatan gwamnati.' == Aikin majalisa == A watan Afrilu na 2003, Hambagda ya tsaya takarar sanata a tikitin All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP) kuma an zabe shi a mazabar Borno ta Kudu. An sake zabarsa a 2007. Ya kasance mai karfin fada a ji na shugaban marasa rinjaye na Majalisar Dattawa, amma ya sha kaye a hannun Sanata Maina Maaji Lawan na Barno ta Arewa. Sanata Hambagda ya shugabanci karamin kwamitin zartarwa na Majalisar Dokokin Kasar kan Sake nazarin Tsarin Mulki, wanda ya ba da shawarar amincewa da wa’adi na uku ga Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo. A cikin Nuwamba 2005, ya bayyana cewa shi da kansa bai yarda da wannan ra'ayin ba. Koyaya, a watan Afrilun 2006, fusatattun matasa sun yi masa jifa da duwatsu a karamar hukumar Biu ta jihar Borno wadanda ke adawa da wa’adin na uku ga Obasanjo. == Manazarta == https://web.archive.org/web/20080607075213/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=39 http://odili.net/news/source/2006/apr/30/202.html{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} https://web.archive.org/web/20231104045726/http://www.tribune.com.ng/24042009/politics_2.html r2boh4skulzfv7kxhd072uj00lmvhbb 0 17603 863051 862483 2026-06-21T13:21:03Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Structure and organization" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354673536|Supreme Court of Nigeria]]" 863051 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tarihin Kotun Koli ta Najeriya''' (SCN), ita ce babbar kotu a Najeriya, kuma tana cikin Gundumar Tsakkiyar [[Abuja]], a wani yanki da aka fi sani da Shiyyar <ref>"Steer Clear Of Three Arms Zone, Police Warn Nigerian Protesters". Sahara Reporters. New York City, United States. 2019-07-18. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref>Makamai Uku, don haka ana kiranta saboda kusancin ofisoshin da hadadden gidan shugaban kasar, Majalisar kasa, da kuma Kotun Koli.<ref>Shuaibu, Umar (2014-05-05). "The desecration of the Three Arms Zone". Daily Trust. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref> Bayani A shekara ta 1963, aka bayyana Tarayyar Najeriya kuma [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] ya zama Shugabanta na farko. An dakatar da daukaka kara daga Kotun Koli ta Tarayya zuwa ga Kwamitin [[Shari’a]] na Majalisar Koli a wancan lokacin, kuma Kotun Koli ta zama babbar kotu a [[Najeriya]].<ref>"Nnamdi Azikiwe: A True National Hero". The Guardian. Lagos, Nigeria. 2018-11-16. Retrieved 2022-03-02.</ref> A shekara ta 1976, Kotun Daukaka Kara (wacce aka fi sani da Kotun daukaka kara ta Tarayya) an kafa ta a matsayin kotun kasa don karbar daukaka kara daga Manyan Kotuna na kowace Jiha ta Najeriya 36, ​​wadanda su ne kotunan sauraren kararraki. Kotun Koli a yadda take a yanzu ta kasance ta tsara ta Dokar Kotun Koli ta shekara ta 1990 da kuma Babi na VII na Tsarin Mulkin shekara ta 1999 na Nijeriya.<ref>Sokefun, Justus; Njoku, Nduka (2016-03-30). "The Court System in Nigeria: Jurisdiction and Appeals". Rochester, NY. SSRN 2940058. <nowiki>{{cite journal}}</nowiki>: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)</ref> A karkashin kundin tsarin mulki na shekara ta 1999, Kotun Koli tana da bangarori na asali da na daukaka kara, tana da iko da kuma iko ita kadai don daukaka kararraki daga Kotun daukaka kara, tana da hurumin daukaka kara a kan dukkan kananan kotunan tarayya da manyan kotunan jihohi. Hukuncin da kotu ta yanke ya zama dole ga dukkan kotuna a Najeriya in banda Kotun Koli kanta.<ref>"Legal systems in Nigeria: overview". Practical Law. Retrieved 2022-04-11.</ref><ref>Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria". www.nigeria-law.org</ref><ref>Andrew Aondofa, Chila (2020-03-14). "HRH. (Justice) Sidi Dauda Bage: The 17th Emir Of Lafia". ''The Abusites''. Retrieved 2021-10-27.</ref> ==Tsari da tsari== '''Kotun kolin''' ta kunshi Babban Jojin Najeriya da kuma irin wadannan alkalai<ref>"NJC approves appointment of four Supreme Court Justices - Premium Times Nigeria". Premium Times. 2019-10-24. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref> wadanda ba su fi 21 ba, wanda Shugaban kasa ya nada bisa shawarar Majalisar [[Shari'a]] ta Kasa, (NJC) kuma Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da hakan. Alkalan Kotun Koli dole ne su cancanci yin aikin lauya a Najeriya,<ref>"Recruitment and Tenure of Supreme Court Justices in Nigeria"</ref> kuma dole ne sun kasance sun cancanta na tsawon lokacin da bai gaza shekaru goma sha biyar ba. Alkalan Kotun Koli na Najeriya suna da shekarun yin ritaya na dole na shekaru 70 a duniya.<ref>Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria". www.nigeria-law.org</ref> ==Alkalan Yanzu== Sune kamar haka: ==Wasu Kuma== ==Duba Kuma== [http://www.nigeria-law.org/SupremeCourtAct.htm Dokar Kotun Koli ta shekarar 1990] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219144924/http://www.nigeria-law.org/SupremeCourtAct.htm |date=2020-02-19 }}. ==Hanyoyin Hadin Waje== * {{official | http: //www.scn.gov.ng/}} * [http://www.my-nigeria.com/tag/supreme-court/ Kotun Koli ta Labaran Najeriya] * [http://www.nigeria-law.org/Supreme%20Court%20of%20Nigeria.htm Kotun Koli ta Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204052139/http://www.nigeria-law.org/Supreme%20Court%20of%20Nigeria.htm |date=2020-02-04 }} * [http://www.ngex.com/nigeria/govt/constitution/con7p1p1.htm Sashe na Tsarin Mulkin 1999 na Najeriya game da Hukuncin Shari'a] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080830053917/http://ngex.com/nigeria/govt/constitution/con7p1p1.htm |date=2008-08-30 }} == Dubawa == == Structure and organization == Kotun Koli ta Najeriya tana kunshe da Babban Alƙalin Alƙalan Najeriya (Chief Justice of Nigeria) da kuma wasu alkalai da adadinsu bai wuce 21 ba. Shugaban ƙasa ne ke naɗa su bisa shawarar Majalisar Kula da Harkokin Shari’a ta Ƙasa (National Judicial Council – NJC), sannan Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da naɗin nasu. == Manazarta == {{DEFAULTSORT:Najeriya, Kotun Ƙoli}} [[Category:Kotun Ƙoli ta Najeriya | ]] [[Category:Dokar Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnatin Najeriya]] [[Category:Siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Kotunan Ƙoli na ƙasa| Nigeria]] [[Category:Sashin shari'a na Najeriya]] [[Category:Kamfanonin da aka kafa a 1963 a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kotunan da aka kafa a shekara ta 1963]] 3pj2n2e03k3u8ho8lybbo80d42sglxe 863059 863051 2026-06-21T13:25:51Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Current justices" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354673536|Supreme Court of Nigeria]]" 863059 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tarihin Kotun Koli ta Najeriya''' (SCN), ita ce babbar kotu a Najeriya, kuma tana cikin Gundumar Tsakkiyar [[Abuja]], a wani yanki da aka fi sani da Shiyyar <ref>"Steer Clear Of Three Arms Zone, Police Warn Nigerian Protesters". Sahara Reporters. New York City, United States. 2019-07-18. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref>Makamai Uku, don haka ana kiranta saboda kusancin ofisoshin da hadadden gidan shugaban kasar, Majalisar kasa, da kuma Kotun Koli.<ref>Shuaibu, Umar (2014-05-05). "The desecration of the Three Arms Zone". Daily Trust. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref> Bayani A shekara ta 1963, aka bayyana Tarayyar Najeriya kuma [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] ya zama Shugabanta na farko. An dakatar da daukaka kara daga Kotun Koli ta Tarayya zuwa ga Kwamitin [[Shari’a]] na Majalisar Koli a wancan lokacin, kuma Kotun Koli ta zama babbar kotu a [[Najeriya]].<ref>"Nnamdi Azikiwe: A True National Hero". The Guardian. Lagos, Nigeria. 2018-11-16. Retrieved 2022-03-02.</ref> A shekara ta 1976, Kotun Daukaka Kara (wacce aka fi sani da Kotun daukaka kara ta Tarayya) an kafa ta a matsayin kotun kasa don karbar daukaka kara daga Manyan Kotuna na kowace Jiha ta Najeriya 36, ​​wadanda su ne kotunan sauraren kararraki. Kotun Koli a yadda take a yanzu ta kasance ta tsara ta Dokar Kotun Koli ta shekara ta 1990 da kuma Babi na VII na Tsarin Mulkin shekara ta 1999 na Nijeriya.<ref>Sokefun, Justus; Njoku, Nduka (2016-03-30). "The Court System in Nigeria: Jurisdiction and Appeals". Rochester, NY. SSRN 2940058. <nowiki>{{cite journal}}</nowiki>: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)</ref> A karkashin kundin tsarin mulki na shekara ta 1999, Kotun Koli tana da bangarori na asali da na daukaka kara, tana da iko da kuma iko ita kadai don daukaka kararraki daga Kotun daukaka kara, tana da hurumin daukaka kara a kan dukkan kananan kotunan tarayya da manyan kotunan jihohi. Hukuncin da kotu ta yanke ya zama dole ga dukkan kotuna a Najeriya in banda Kotun Koli kanta.<ref>"Legal systems in Nigeria: overview". Practical Law. Retrieved 2022-04-11.</ref><ref>Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria". www.nigeria-law.org</ref><ref>Andrew Aondofa, Chila (2020-03-14). "HRH. (Justice) Sidi Dauda Bage: The 17th Emir Of Lafia". ''The Abusites''. Retrieved 2021-10-27.</ref> ==Tsari da tsari== '''Kotun kolin''' ta kunshi Babban Jojin Najeriya da kuma irin wadannan alkalai<ref>"NJC approves appointment of four Supreme Court Justices - Premium Times Nigeria". Premium Times. 2019-10-24. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref> wadanda ba su fi 21 ba, wanda Shugaban kasa ya nada bisa shawarar Majalisar [[Shari'a]] ta Kasa, (NJC) kuma Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da hakan. Alkalan Kotun Koli dole ne su cancanci yin aikin lauya a Najeriya,<ref>"Recruitment and Tenure of Supreme Court Justices in Nigeria"</ref> kuma dole ne sun kasance sun cancanta na tsawon lokacin da bai gaza shekaru goma sha biyar ba. Alkalan Kotun Koli na Najeriya suna da shekarun yin ritaya na dole na shekaru 70 a duniya.<ref>Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria". www.nigeria-law.org</ref> ==Alkalan Yanzu== Sune kamar haka: ==Wasu Kuma== ==Duba Kuma== [http://www.nigeria-law.org/SupremeCourtAct.htm Dokar Kotun Koli ta shekarar 1990] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219144924/http://www.nigeria-law.org/SupremeCourtAct.htm |date=2020-02-19 }}. ==Hanyoyin Hadin Waje== * {{official | http: //www.scn.gov.ng/}} * [http://www.my-nigeria.com/tag/supreme-court/ Kotun Koli ta Labaran Najeriya] * [http://www.nigeria-law.org/Supreme%20Court%20of%20Nigeria.htm Kotun Koli ta Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204052139/http://www.nigeria-law.org/Supreme%20Court%20of%20Nigeria.htm |date=2020-02-04 }} * [http://www.ngex.com/nigeria/govt/constitution/con7p1p1.htm Sashe na Tsarin Mulkin 1999 na Najeriya game da Hukuncin Shari'a] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080830053917/http://ngex.com/nigeria/govt/constitution/con7p1p1.htm |date=2008-08-30 }} == Dubawa == == Structure and organization == Kotun Koli ta Najeriya tana kunshe da Babban Alƙalin Alƙalan Najeriya (Chief Justice of Nigeria) da kuma wasu alkalai da adadinsu bai wuce 21 ba. Shugaban ƙasa ne ke naɗa su bisa shawarar Majalisar Kula da Harkokin Shari’a ta Ƙasa (National Judicial Council – NJC), sannan Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da naɗin nasu. == Current justices == Kotun Koli ta Najeriya tana kunshe da Babban Alƙalin Alƙalan Najeriya (Chief Justice of Nigeria) da kuma wasu alkalai da adadinsu bai wuce 21 ba. Shugaban ƙasa ne ke naɗa su bisa shawarar Majalisar Kula da Harkokin Shari’a ta Ƙasa (National Judicial Council – NJC), sannan Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da naɗin nasu. {| class="wikitable" !Ofishin !Sunan !Kalmar nan |- |- |[[Shugaban Alƙalan Alƙalai na Najeriya|Babban Mai Shari'a]] |[[Kudirat Kekere-Ekun]] | align="left" |2013-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |John Inyang Okoro | align="left" |2013-yanzu |- |Adalci mai alaƙa |[[Uwani Musa Abba Aji]] | align="left" |2018-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[M. Lawal Garba|Mista Lawal Garba]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Helen M. Ogunwumiju]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[I. M. M. Saulawa|I. M. Saulawa]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Adamu Jauro]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Tijjani Abubakar]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Emmanuel A. Agim]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Haruna Tsammani]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Moore Adumein]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Jummai Sankey]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Chidiebere Uwa]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Chioma Nwosu-Iheme]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Obande Ogbuinya]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Stephen Adah]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Habeeb Abiru]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Jamilu Tukur]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Abubakar Umar]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Mohammed Idris (Justice)|Mohammed Idris]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |} == Manazarta == {{DEFAULTSORT:Najeriya, Kotun Ƙoli}} [[Category:Kotun Ƙoli ta Najeriya | ]] [[Category:Dokar Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnatin Najeriya]] [[Category:Siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Kotunan Ƙoli na ƙasa| Nigeria]] [[Category:Sashin shari'a na Najeriya]] [[Category:Kamfanonin da aka kafa a 1963 a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kotunan da aka kafa a shekara ta 1963]] i012ltb6f883dhpbi99u74j0myw8waf 863063 863059 2026-06-21T13:29:43Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Others" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354673536|Supreme Court of Nigeria]]" 863063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tarihin Kotun Koli ta Najeriya''' (SCN), ita ce babbar kotu a Najeriya, kuma tana cikin Gundumar Tsakkiyar [[Abuja]], a wani yanki da aka fi sani da Shiyyar <ref>"Steer Clear Of Three Arms Zone, Police Warn Nigerian Protesters". Sahara Reporters. New York City, United States. 2019-07-18. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref>Makamai Uku, don haka ana kiranta saboda kusancin ofisoshin da hadadden gidan shugaban kasar, Majalisar kasa, da kuma Kotun Koli.<ref>Shuaibu, Umar (2014-05-05). "The desecration of the Three Arms Zone". Daily Trust. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref> Bayani A shekara ta 1963, aka bayyana Tarayyar Najeriya kuma [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] ya zama Shugabanta na farko. An dakatar da daukaka kara daga Kotun Koli ta Tarayya zuwa ga Kwamitin [[Shari’a]] na Majalisar Koli a wancan lokacin, kuma Kotun Koli ta zama babbar kotu a [[Najeriya]].<ref>"Nnamdi Azikiwe: A True National Hero". The Guardian. Lagos, Nigeria. 2018-11-16. Retrieved 2022-03-02.</ref> A shekara ta 1976, Kotun Daukaka Kara (wacce aka fi sani da Kotun daukaka kara ta Tarayya) an kafa ta a matsayin kotun kasa don karbar daukaka kara daga Manyan Kotuna na kowace Jiha ta Najeriya 36, ​​wadanda su ne kotunan sauraren kararraki. Kotun Koli a yadda take a yanzu ta kasance ta tsara ta Dokar Kotun Koli ta shekara ta 1990 da kuma Babi na VII na Tsarin Mulkin shekara ta 1999 na Nijeriya.<ref>Sokefun, Justus; Njoku, Nduka (2016-03-30). "The Court System in Nigeria: Jurisdiction and Appeals". Rochester, NY. SSRN 2940058. <nowiki>{{cite journal}}</nowiki>: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)</ref> A karkashin kundin tsarin mulki na shekara ta 1999, Kotun Koli tana da bangarori na asali da na daukaka kara, tana da iko da kuma iko ita kadai don daukaka kararraki daga Kotun daukaka kara, tana da hurumin daukaka kara a kan dukkan kananan kotunan tarayya da manyan kotunan jihohi. Hukuncin da kotu ta yanke ya zama dole ga dukkan kotuna a Najeriya in banda Kotun Koli kanta.<ref>"Legal systems in Nigeria: overview". Practical Law. Retrieved 2022-04-11.</ref><ref>Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria". www.nigeria-law.org</ref><ref>Andrew Aondofa, Chila (2020-03-14). "HRH. (Justice) Sidi Dauda Bage: The 17th Emir Of Lafia". ''The Abusites''. Retrieved 2021-10-27.</ref> ==Tsari da tsari== '''Kotun kolin''' ta kunshi Babban Jojin Najeriya da kuma irin wadannan alkalai<ref>"NJC approves appointment of four Supreme Court Justices - Premium Times Nigeria". Premium Times. 2019-10-24. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref> wadanda ba su fi 21 ba, wanda Shugaban kasa ya nada bisa shawarar Majalisar [[Shari'a]] ta Kasa, (NJC) kuma Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da hakan. Alkalan Kotun Koli dole ne su cancanci yin aikin lauya a Najeriya,<ref>"Recruitment and Tenure of Supreme Court Justices in Nigeria"</ref> kuma dole ne sun kasance sun cancanta na tsawon lokacin da bai gaza shekaru goma sha biyar ba. Alkalan Kotun Koli na Najeriya suna da shekarun yin ritaya na dole na shekaru 70 a duniya.<ref>Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria". www.nigeria-law.org</ref> ==Alkalan Yanzu== Sune kamar haka: ==Wasu Kuma== ==Duba Kuma== [http://www.nigeria-law.org/SupremeCourtAct.htm Dokar Kotun Koli ta shekarar 1990] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219144924/http://www.nigeria-law.org/SupremeCourtAct.htm |date=2020-02-19 }}. ==Hanyoyin Hadin Waje== * {{official | http: //www.scn.gov.ng/}} * [http://www.my-nigeria.com/tag/supreme-court/ Kotun Koli ta Labaran Najeriya] * [http://www.nigeria-law.org/Supreme%20Court%20of%20Nigeria.htm Kotun Koli ta Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204052139/http://www.nigeria-law.org/Supreme%20Court%20of%20Nigeria.htm |date=2020-02-04 }} * [http://www.ngex.com/nigeria/govt/constitution/con7p1p1.htm Sashe na Tsarin Mulkin 1999 na Najeriya game da Hukuncin Shari'a] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080830053917/http://ngex.com/nigeria/govt/constitution/con7p1p1.htm |date=2008-08-30 }} == Dubawa == == Structure and organization == Kotun Koli ta Najeriya tana kunshe da Babban Alƙalin Alƙalan Najeriya (Chief Justice of Nigeria) da kuma wasu alkalai da adadinsu bai wuce 21 ba. Shugaban ƙasa ne ke naɗa su bisa shawarar Majalisar Kula da Harkokin Shari’a ta Ƙasa (National Judicial Council – NJC), sannan Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da naɗin nasu. == Current justices == Kotun Koli ta Najeriya tana kunshe da Babban Alƙalin Alƙalan Najeriya (Chief Justice of Nigeria) da kuma wasu alkalai da adadinsu bai wuce 21 ba. Shugaban ƙasa ne ke naɗa su bisa shawarar Majalisar Kula da Harkokin Shari’a ta Ƙasa (National Judicial Council – NJC), sannan Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da naɗin nasu. {| class="wikitable" !Ofishin !Sunan !Kalmar nan |- |- |[[Shugaban Alƙalan Alƙalai na Najeriya|Babban Mai Shari'a]] |[[Kudirat Kekere-Ekun]] | align="left" |2013-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |John Inyang Okoro | align="left" |2013-yanzu |- |Adalci mai alaƙa |[[Uwani Musa Abba Aji]] | align="left" |2018-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[M. Lawal Garba|Mista Lawal Garba]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Helen M. Ogunwumiju]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[I. M. M. Saulawa|I. M. Saulawa]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Adamu Jauro]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Tijjani Abubakar]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Emmanuel A. Agim]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Haruna Tsammani]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Moore Adumein]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Jummai Sankey]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Chidiebere Uwa]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Chioma Nwosu-Iheme]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Obande Ogbuinya]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Stephen Adah]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Habeeb Abiru]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Jamilu Tukur]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Abubakar Umar]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Mohammed Idris (Justice)|Mohammed Idris]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |} == Sauran == A ranar 26 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2019, an nada Mai Shari'a [[Sidi Bage|Sidi Dauda Bage]] a matsayin sabon Sarkin [[lafia]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andrew Aondofa |first=Chila |date=2020-03-14 |title=HRH. (Justice) Sidi Dauda Bage: The 17th Emir Of Lafia |url=https://www.theabusites.com/sidi-dauda-bage-the-17th-emir-of-lafia/ |access-date=2021-10-27 |website=The Abusites |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{DEFAULTSORT:Najeriya, Kotun Ƙoli}} [[Category:Kotun Ƙoli ta Najeriya | ]] [[Category:Dokar Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnatin Najeriya]] [[Category:Siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Kotunan Ƙoli na ƙasa| Nigeria]] [[Category:Sashin shari'a na Najeriya]] [[Category:Kamfanonin da aka kafa a 1963 a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kotunan da aka kafa a shekara ta 1963]] 3pjw6cduja489dc3e98vo1hafwdnoaj 863067 863063 2026-06-21T13:31:34Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Others" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354673536|Supreme Court of Nigeria]]" 863067 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tarihin Kotun Koli ta Najeriya''' (SCN), ita ce babbar kotu a Najeriya, kuma tana cikin Gundumar Tsakkiyar [[Abuja]], a wani yanki da aka fi sani da Shiyyar <ref>"Steer Clear Of Three Arms Zone, Police Warn Nigerian Protesters". Sahara Reporters. New York City, United States. 2019-07-18. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref>Makamai Uku, don haka ana kiranta saboda kusancin ofisoshin da hadadden gidan shugaban kasar, Majalisar kasa, da kuma Kotun Koli.<ref>Shuaibu, Umar (2014-05-05). "The desecration of the Three Arms Zone". Daily Trust. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref> Bayani A shekara ta 1963, aka bayyana Tarayyar Najeriya kuma [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] ya zama Shugabanta na farko. An dakatar da daukaka kara daga Kotun Koli ta Tarayya zuwa ga Kwamitin [[Shari’a]] na Majalisar Koli a wancan lokacin, kuma Kotun Koli ta zama babbar kotu a [[Najeriya]].<ref>"Nnamdi Azikiwe: A True National Hero". The Guardian. Lagos, Nigeria. 2018-11-16. Retrieved 2022-03-02.</ref> A shekara ta 1976, Kotun Daukaka Kara (wacce aka fi sani da Kotun daukaka kara ta Tarayya) an kafa ta a matsayin kotun kasa don karbar daukaka kara daga Manyan Kotuna na kowace Jiha ta Najeriya 36, ​​wadanda su ne kotunan sauraren kararraki. Kotun Koli a yadda take a yanzu ta kasance ta tsara ta Dokar Kotun Koli ta shekara ta 1990 da kuma Babi na VII na Tsarin Mulkin shekara ta 1999 na Nijeriya.<ref>Sokefun, Justus; Njoku, Nduka (2016-03-30). "The Court System in Nigeria: Jurisdiction and Appeals". Rochester, NY. SSRN 2940058. <nowiki>{{cite journal}}</nowiki>: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)</ref> A karkashin kundin tsarin mulki na shekara ta 1999, Kotun Koli tana da bangarori na asali da na daukaka kara, tana da iko da kuma iko ita kadai don daukaka kararraki daga Kotun daukaka kara, tana da hurumin daukaka kara a kan dukkan kananan kotunan tarayya da manyan kotunan jihohi. Hukuncin da kotu ta yanke ya zama dole ga dukkan kotuna a Najeriya in banda Kotun Koli kanta.<ref>"Legal systems in Nigeria: overview". Practical Law. Retrieved 2022-04-11.</ref><ref>Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria". www.nigeria-law.org</ref><ref>Andrew Aondofa, Chila (2020-03-14). "HRH. (Justice) Sidi Dauda Bage: The 17th Emir Of Lafia". ''The Abusites''. Retrieved 2021-10-27.</ref> ==Tsari da tsari== '''Kotun kolin''' ta kunshi Babban Jojin Najeriya da kuma irin wadannan alkalai<ref>"NJC approves appointment of four Supreme Court Justices - Premium Times Nigeria". Premium Times. 2019-10-24. Retrieved 2020-02-17.</ref> wadanda ba su fi 21 ba, wanda Shugaban kasa ya nada bisa shawarar Majalisar [[Shari'a]] ta Kasa, (NJC) kuma Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da hakan. Alkalan Kotun Koli dole ne su cancanci yin aikin lauya a Najeriya,<ref>"Recruitment and Tenure of Supreme Court Justices in Nigeria"</ref> kuma dole ne sun kasance sun cancanta na tsawon lokacin da bai gaza shekaru goma sha biyar ba. Alkalan Kotun Koli na Najeriya suna da shekarun yin ritaya na dole na shekaru 70 a duniya.<ref>Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria". www.nigeria-law.org</ref> ==Alkalan Yanzu== Sune kamar haka: ==Wasu Kuma== ==Duba Kuma== [http://www.nigeria-law.org/SupremeCourtAct.htm Dokar Kotun Koli ta shekarar 1990] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219144924/http://www.nigeria-law.org/SupremeCourtAct.htm |date=2020-02-19 }}. ==Hanyoyin Hadin Waje== * {{official | http: //www.scn.gov.ng/}} * [http://www.my-nigeria.com/tag/supreme-court/ Kotun Koli ta Labaran Najeriya] * [http://www.nigeria-law.org/Supreme%20Court%20of%20Nigeria.htm Kotun Koli ta Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204052139/http://www.nigeria-law.org/Supreme%20Court%20of%20Nigeria.htm |date=2020-02-04 }} * [http://www.ngex.com/nigeria/govt/constitution/con7p1p1.htm Sashe na Tsarin Mulkin 1999 na Najeriya game da Hukuncin Shari'a] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080830053917/http://ngex.com/nigeria/govt/constitution/con7p1p1.htm |date=2008-08-30 }} == Dubawa == == Structure and organization == Kotun Koli ta Najeriya tana kunshe da Babban Alƙalin Alƙalan Najeriya (Chief Justice of Nigeria) da kuma wasu alkalai da adadinsu bai wuce 21 ba. Shugaban ƙasa ne ke naɗa su bisa shawarar Majalisar Kula da Harkokin Shari’a ta Ƙasa (National Judicial Council – NJC), sannan Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da naɗin nasu. == Current justices == Kotun Koli ta Najeriya tana kunshe da Babban Alƙalin Alƙalan Najeriya (Chief Justice of Nigeria) da kuma wasu alkalai da adadinsu bai wuce 21 ba. Shugaban ƙasa ne ke naɗa su bisa shawarar Majalisar Kula da Harkokin Shari’a ta Ƙasa (National Judicial Council – NJC), sannan Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da naɗin nasu. {| class="wikitable" !Ofishin !Sunan !Kalmar nan |- |- |[[Shugaban Alƙalan Alƙalai na Najeriya|Babban Mai Shari'a]] |[[Kudirat Kekere-Ekun]] | align="left" |2013-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |John Inyang Okoro | align="left" |2013-yanzu |- |Adalci mai alaƙa |[[Uwani Musa Abba Aji]] | align="left" |2018-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[M. Lawal Garba|Mista Lawal Garba]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Helen M. Ogunwumiju]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[I. M. M. Saulawa|I. M. Saulawa]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Adamu Jauro]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Tijjani Abubakar]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Emmanuel A. Agim]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Haruna Tsammani]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Moore Adumein]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Jummai Sankey]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Chidiebere Uwa]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Chioma Nwosu-Iheme]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Obande Ogbuinya]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Stephen Adah]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Habeeb Abiru]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Jamilu Tukur]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Abubakar Umar]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Mohammed Idris (Justice)|Mohammed Idris]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |} == Sauran == A ranar 26 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2019, an nada Mai Shari'a [[Sidi Bage|Sidi Dauda Bage]] a matsayin sabon Sarkin [[lafia]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andrew Aondofa |first=Chila |date=2020-03-14 |title=HRH. (Justice) Sidi Dauda Bage: The 17th Emir Of Lafia |url=https://www.theabusites.com/sidi-dauda-bage-the-17th-emir-of-lafia/ |access-date=2021-10-27 |website=The Abusites |language=en-US}}</ref> == Sauran == Kotun Koli ta Najeriya tana kunshe da Babban Alƙalin Alƙalan Najeriya (Chief Justice of Nigeria) da kuma wasu alkalai da adadinsu bai wuce 21 ba. Shugaban ƙasa ne ke naɗa su bisa shawarar Majalisar Kula da Harkokin Shari’a ta Ƙasa (National Judicial Council – NJC), sannan Majalisar Dattawa ta tabbatar da naɗin nasu. {| class="wikitable" !Ofishin !Sunan !Kalmar nan |- |- |[[Shugaban Alƙalan Alƙalai na Najeriya|Babban Mai Shari'a]] |[[Kudirat Kekere-Ekun]] | align="left" |2013-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |John Inyang Okoro | align="left" |2013-yanzu |- |Adalci mai alaƙa |[[Uwani Musa Abba Aji]] | align="left" |2018-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[M. Lawal Garba|Mista Lawal Garba]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Helen M. Ogunwumiju]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[I. M. M. Saulawa|I. M. Saulawa]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Adamu Jauro]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Tijjani Abubakar]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Emmanuel A. Agim]] | align="left" |2020-yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Haruna Tsammani]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Moore Adumein]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Jummai Sankey]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Chidiebere Uwa]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Chioma Nwosu-Iheme]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Obande Ogbuinya]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Stephen Adah]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Habeeb Abiru]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Jamilu Tukur]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Abubakar Umar]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |- |Adalci Mai Amfani |[[Mohammed Idris (Justice)|Mohammed Idris]] | align="left" |2024-ya zuwa yanzu |} A ranar 26 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2019, an nada Mai Shari'a [[Sidi Bage|Sidi Dauda Bage]] a matsayin sabon Sarkin [[lafia]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andrew Aondofa |first=Chila |date=2020-03-14 |title=HRH. (Justice) Sidi Dauda Bage: The 17th Emir Of Lafia |url=https://www.theabusites.com/sidi-dauda-bage-the-17th-emir-of-lafia/ |access-date=2021-10-27 |website=The Abusites |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{DEFAULTSORT:Najeriya, Kotun Ƙoli}} [[Category:Kotun Ƙoli ta Najeriya | ]] [[Category:Dokar Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnatin Najeriya]] [[Category:Siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Kotunan Ƙoli na ƙasa| Nigeria]] [[Category:Sashin shari'a na Najeriya]] [[Category:Kamfanonin da aka kafa a 1963 a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kotunan da aka kafa a shekara ta 1963]] 04vacogl3x2idnpvkawum9161w8c88o 0 18348 863775 482531 2026-06-22T10:38:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Sergei_Mikhailovich_Prokudin-Gorskii_-_City_of_Perm._General_view_(1910).jpg|thumb|200x200px| Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky. Birnin Perm. Babban ra'ayi (1910)]] [[File:Sergei_Mikhailovich_Prokudin-Gorskii_-_General_view_of_the_city_of_Perm_from_Gorodskie_Gorki_(1910).jpg|right|thumb|200x200px| Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky . Duba garin Perm daga Gorodskiye Gorki (1910)]] [[File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Perm.svg|right|112x112px]] [[File:Flag_of_Perm.svg|right|250x250px]] '''Perm''' ( Russian , lafazi: pʲɛrʲmʲ) birni ne da cibiyar gudanarwa na ''Perm Krai'', [[Rasha|Russia]] . Tana kwance a gaɓar Kogin Kama, a gindin tsaunukan Ural . Perm na ɗaya daga cikin manyan birane a [[Rasha]], tare da mazauna birnin sama da 976,116 (2006 est.), Ƙasa da 1,001,653 da aka rubuta a ƙidayar 2002 da kuma 1,090,944 da aka rubuta a Cidayar 1989. A cikin [[Ilmin duwatsu|ilimin ƙasa]], lokacin Permian ya ɗauki sunan daga yankin. Daga 1940 har zuwa 1957, ana kiran garin da Molotov ( {{Lang|ru|Мо́лотов}} ), bayan Vyacheslav Molotov . == Ɓangarorin gudanarwa == [[File:Administrative_divisions_of_Perm_(en).svg|left|thumb| Bangarorin gudanarwa]] [[File:Perm_asv2019-05_img12_City_admin.jpg|thumb| Gina Gudanarwar Perm]] Perm ya kasu kashi bakwai cikin gundumomin birni: {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" !Gundumar Birni ! Yawan jama'a ( ensusidayar 2002 ) |- | Dzerzhinsky ( {{Lang|ru|Дзержи́нский}} ) | 153,403 |- | Masana'antu ( {{Lang|ru|Индустриа́льный}} ) | 160,039 |- | Kirovsky ( {{Lang|ru|Ки́ровский}} ) | 126,960 |- | Leninsky ( {{Lang|ru|Ле́нинский}} ) | 57,569 |- | Motovilikhinsky ( {{Lang|ru|Мотови́лихинский}} ) | 176,564 |- | Ordzhonikidzevsky ( {{Lang|ru|Орджоники́дзевский}} ) | 111,631 |- | Sverdlovsky ( {{Lang|ru|Свердло́вский}} ) | 215,487 |} == Garin zamani == [[File:Perm_asv2019-05_img53_Komsomolsky48.jpg|thumb| TGC-9]] Garin shine babbar cibiyar gudanarwa, masana'antu, kimiyya, da al'adu. Cikin manyan masana'antu hada da kayan aiki, tsaro, man fetur da samar da (game da 3% na Rasha fitarwa), mai refining, sinadaran da petrochemical, katako da kuma [[Katako|itace]] aiki da [[abinci]] masana'antu. Akwai filin jirgin sama na duniya guda ɗaya a Perm Bolshoye Savino (Big Savino). Perm kuma ana amfani dashi ta ƙaramin filin jirgin saman "Bakharevka". Perm ta jama'a sufuri cibiyar sadarwa hada streetcar (tram), [[Bus|bas]], da kuma trolleybus hanyoyi. == Yar uwa garuruwa == Perm 'yar'uwar birni ce (mai tagwaye da): * {{Flagicon|United States}} [[Louisville, Kentucky]], [[Tarayyar Amurka|United States]] ([[1994]]) * {{Flagicon|UK}} [[Oxford]], [[Birtaniya|United Kingdom]] ([[1995]]) * {{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Duisburg]], [[Jamus|Germany]] ([[2007]]) == Wasanni == * FC Amkar Perm, kungiyar [[Kwallan Kwando|kwallon]] kafa da ke Perm, tana buga gasar Premier ta Rasha * Molot-Prikame Perm, kungiyar wasan kwallon kankara da ke wasa a gasar Super Hockey ta Rasha * PBC Ural Great, kungiyar kwallon kwando da aka kafa a Perm, tana wasa a Gasar Kwallon Kwando ta Rasha ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Perm_Opera_and_Ballet_Theatre,_2007.jpg|Perm State Opera and Ballet Theater File:Administration_of_Perm_City.jpg|The building of Perm City administration File:Kama_River_in_Perm-1.jpg|Kogin Kama File:Perm_North_dam.jpg|Dam na Arewa File:Parkovy_Avenue_in_the_evening_(2007).jpg|Parkovy Avenue File:Path_-_panoramio_-_daniel.kurushin.jpg|Wata hanya a birnin File:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D1%83_3.jpg|Perm File:Church_in_perm.jpg|Coci a Perm </gallery> == Sauran yanar gizo == * [http://www.gorodperm.ru/en/ Tashar yanar gizo] * [http://perm.ru/eng/ Perm yankin sabar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714002816/http://perm.ru/eng/ |date=2007-07-14 }} * [http://www.duma.perm.ru/ Tashar Yanar Gizo ta Perm Municipal Duma] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815031244/http://duma.perm.ru/ |date=2013-08-15 }} * [http://rodion.perm.ru/?lng=en Gadojin yankin Perm da aka] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709100120/http://rodion.perm.ru/?lng=en |date=2007-07-09 }} Archived * [http://invest.permtpp.ru/en/main/ Perm bẽne, kasuwanci da masana'antu na] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202035918/http://invest.permtpp.ru/en/main/ |date=2012-12-02 }} Archived * [http://www.photoperm.ru/?s=0&c=0&lang=eng Kundin Hotuna na Yammacin Ural] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018195026/http://photoperm.ru/?s=0&c=0&lang=eng |date=2015-10-18 }} * [http://www.permonline.ru/english/perm/history.htm Tarihin Perm]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070514210937/http://www.permonline.ru/english/perm/history.htm |date=2007-05-14 }} Archived * [http://www.kommersant.com/tree.asp?rubric=5&node=406&doc_id=-62 Bayanin Yankin Perm da Perm akan shafin yanar gizon Kommersant Publishing (kuma, duba duk wasu batutuwa na Rasha na Tarayyar)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051020140341/http://kommersant.com/tree.asp?rubric=5 |date=2005-10-20 }} Archived * [http://www.permian.ru/ Garin Perm - Wakar garin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806050443/http://www.permian.ru/ |date=2020-08-06 }} * [http://www.psu.ru/?a=0&lang=Eng&m=008 Jami'ar Jihar Perm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121125064451/http://www.psu.ru/?a=0&lang=Eng&m=008 |date=2012-11-25 }} * [http://welcome-ural.ru/urals/30/193/ Perm ga matafiya] Haske na Perm da yankin Perm * [http://www.uraltourism.com/perm.php Janar bayani game da birnin Perm] [[Category:Birane]] [[Category:Biranen Asiya]] [[Category:Biranen Rasha]] 8zb1ymycs8klfeueflzj6n5fmbegdyu 0 18979 863583 843430 2026-06-22T02:13:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863583 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mohammed Nur''' (an haife shi ranar 2 ga watan Disamba, 2002). ɗan wasan [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙwallon ƙafa ta]] [[duniya]] wanda ke buga wa [[Jigawa Golden Stars F.C.|Jigawa Golden Stars]], A matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. == Ayyuka == Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa a kungiyoyin El-Kanemi Feeders, [[El-Kanemi Warriors F.C.|El-Kanemi Warriors]], Kada City da [[Jigawa Golden Stars F.C.|Jigawa Golden Stars]]. Ya fara buga wa [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya|Nijeriya]] tamaula a shekara ta 2018. An zabi Nur ne a cikin kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasashen Afirka ta 2018 kuma ya kafa tarihi a matsayin matashin dan wasa da ya taba fitowa a gasar yana da shekaru 15.<ref name = "NFT">{{NFT player|pid=69962|accessdate=21 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Meet Mohammed Nur, The Youngest Player At The Ongoing African Nations Championship|url=http://www.konbini.com/ng/lifestyle/meet-mohammed-nur-youngest-player-ongoing-2018-chan/|author=Prince Jacon|publisher=konbini|accessdate=14 November 2018|archive-date=15 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181115153508/http://www.konbini.com/ng/lifestyle/meet-mohammed-nur-youngest-player-ongoing-2018-chan/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Meet the 15-year-old boy who plays for the Super Eagles|url=https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/15-year-old-nura-mohammed-who-plays-for-the-super-eagles-id7861406.html|date=24 January 2018|author=Tosin Abayomi|accessdate=14 November 2018|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|archive-date=15 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181115113347/https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/15-year-old-nura-mohammed-who-plays-for-the-super-eagles-id7861406.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 2002]] [[Category:'Yan wasan kungiyar Jigawa Golden Stars]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Category:Yan kwallon kafa]] [[Category:Maza]] tex7k5nexbyivcqkdx5rmnvtald80v7 0 19511 863722 403186 2026-06-22T07:58:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Panipuri''' (pānīpūrī ) ko kuma '''fuchka''' (fhuchka) ko '''gupchup''' ko '''golgappa''' wani nau'in abun ciye-ciye ne wanda ya samo asali daga yankin ƙasashen Indiya, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin abincin titi a kasar [[Indiya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Nepal]] da [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=khadizahaque|date=2014-11-30|title=Chotpoti and Fuchka , The most popular Street Food in Bangladesh|url=https://khadizaskitchen.com/2014/11/30/chotpoti-and-fuchka-the-most-popular-street-food-in-bangladesh/|access-date=2020-10-01|website=Khadiza's Kitchen|language=en|archive-date=2020-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926020120/https://khadizaskitchen.com/2014/11/30/chotpoti-and-fuchka-the-most-popular-street-food-in-bangladesh/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fuchka/Chotpoti: a true Bengali delicacy|url=https://www.daily-sun.com/post/132485/Fuchka-Chotpoti:-a-true-Bengali-delicacy|access-date=2020-10-01|website=Daily Sun|language=en|archive-date=2024-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130201533/https://www.daily-sun.com/post/132485/Fuchka-Chotpoti:-a-true-Bengali-delicacy|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Tarla Dalal, Chaat Cookbook., Gardners Books, 2000, 116 p. {{ISBN|978-81-86469-62-0}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Ramadurai|first=Charukesi|date=2020-06-03|title=Pani Puri: India’s favourite street food... at home?|url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20200602-pani-puri-indias-favourite-street-food-at-home|url-status=live|access-date=2020-08-25|website=BBC Travel}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-19|title=MANGEZ AU NÉPAL I; L'ALIMENTATION DE RUE|url=https://www.japanfm.fr/mangez-au-nepal-i-lalimentation-de-rue/|access-date=2020-12-26|website=JAPANFM|language=fr-FR|archive-date=2021-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111100106/https://www.japanfm.fr/mangez-au-nepal-i-lalimentation-de-rue/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kayan haɗi == Panipuri ya ƙunshi zagaye ko mai kamannin ball, puri mai kauri (mai soyayyen dankakken flatbread), wanda aka cika da cakuda ruwan da aka dandano (wanda aka fi sani da ''imli pani'' ), [[Tsamiya]] chutney, garin barkono, hoda masala, dankalin turawa, albasa ko kaji. . ''Fuchka'' (ko ''fuska'' ko ''puska'' ) ya bambanta da Panipuri cikin abun ciki da dandano. Yana amfani da dankakken dankalin turawa azaman cikawa. Abun ɗanɗano ne maimakon mai daɗi yayin da ruwan yake da tsami da yaji. == Sunaye == Sunan Panipuri ya bambanta dangane da yankin. A [[Maharashtra]], an san shi da ''Pani Puri'' ; [[Haryana]] an san shi da ''paani patashi'' ; a cikin [[Madhya Pradesh]] ''fulki'' ; a cikin [[Uttar Pradesh]] ''pani ke batashe / padake'' ; a cikin [[Assam]] ''phuska / puska'' ; ''Pakodi'' a sassan [[Gujarat]], ''Gup-chup'' a [[Odisha]], [[Telangana]], Kudancin [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]] da [[Andhra Pradesh]] <ref name="names1">https://recipes.timesofindia.com/articles/features/there-are-10-different-names-for-pani-puri-how-many-do-you-know/photostory/63185223.cms</ref> ''Phuchka'' a Bengal, [[Bihar]] da [[Nepal]] . Sananne ne da sunan ''Gol Gappa (/ gəʊlˈgʌpə /)'' a wasu yankuna na Arewacin Indiya (musamman Delhi da Punjab ). A 10 ga Maris 2005, "pani puri" an saka shi cikin Kamus ɗin Turanci na Oxford . == Tarihi == Chaat ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin magabacin pani puri. A cewar masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam, Kurush Dalal, chaat ta samo asali ne daga Arewacin Indiya (yanzu [[Uttar Pradesh]] ) a zamanin Mahabharat. Dangane da wannan da'awar, Draupadi a cikin Mahabharat ta burge surukarta, Kunti, ta hanyar samun damar juya dunƙulen puri ɗaya da dankalin turawa zuwa pani puri don ciyar da mijinta biyar. Masanin tarihin abinci Pushpesh Pant yayi fatan cewa pani puri ya samo asali ne daga Arewacin Indiya (kusa da Uttar Pradesh na yau). Ya kuma lura cewa mai yiwuwa ya samo asali ne daga Raj- Kachori . Wani yayi karamin puri kuma yayi pani puri daga ciki. Pani puri ya bazu zuwa sauran Indiya musamman saboda ƙaurawar mutane daga wani ɓangare na ƙasar zuwa wani a ƙarni na 20. == Hotuna == <gallery> File:Panipuri03.jpg| File:Panipuri and Chutney.jpg| File:Dahi Phuchka.jpg| File:Crispy Pani Puri.jpg| File:5-water Pani Puri.jpg| </gallery> == Manazarta == [[Category:Abinci]] [[Category:Indiya]] [[Category:Al'ada]] aavz4tnvyjr6qrqsubjpp47cbddgvdp 0 20352 863330 498013 2026-06-21T16:31:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox ethnic group|group=Mambila/Mambilla|total=129,000|total_year=1993|regions=[[Mambilla Plateau]]|region1=[[Nigeria]]|pop1=99,000|ref1=<ref name="mzk"/>|region2=[[Cameroon]]|pop2=30,000|ref2=<ref name="mcu"/>|languages=[[Mambila language|Mambila]]|religions=[[Traditional African religions]], [[Islam]], [[Christianity]]}} [[File:Statue_mambila_02.jpg |thumb| Mutum-Mutumin Mambila]] [[File:Ancestor_figure_jar,_Mambila_people,_Honolulu_Museum_of_Art,_4297.1.JPG |thumb| Gilashin kakan kakanni, mutanen Mambila, da ke a Gidan kayan tarihi na Art na Honolulu]] '''Mambilla''' ko '''Mambila''' na [[Najeriya]] suna zaune a tsaunin Mambilla (a cikin ƙaramar hukumar [[Sardauna (Nijeriya)|'Sardauna']] ta [[Taraba|jihar Taraba]] a [[Najeriya]] ). Wasu ƴan tsirarun ƴan ci rani daga Mambilla sun tashi daga Mambilla Plateau zuwa Ndom Plain (wanda kuma aka sani da Tikar Plain) a gefen Kamaru na iyakar ƙasa da kasa da kuma a wasu kananan kauyyuka, kamar New Namba, gaba arewa zuwa garuruwan na Gashaka da Banyo. Sunan da aka fi so ana rubuta shi da '''Mambila''' akasar Kamaru da '''Mambilla''' a Najeriya. Ana amfani da "Norr" (kalmar mutum a cikin yarukan Najeriya na Mambilla) (Bami-Yuno, ms). == Ganowa == Mutanen Mambilla / Mambila na Najeriya da Kamaru suna ɗaukar kansu a matsayin ƙungiya mai ma'ana ɗaya. Su ne masu ƙyamar yankin Mambilla, kuma sun kasance a cikin ƙasarsu har zuwa shekaru 4,000 (Zeitlyn & Connell, 2003). A cikin yarukan Najeriya suna kiran kansu da suna 'Norr' (mutane) yayin da a cikin Kamaru akwai wani suna na 'Ba' wanda ake amfani da shi ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba don komawa zuwa Mambilla, kuma suna nufin Mambilla a Kamaru a kan Ndom ko arewacin Tikar a fili (duba ƙasa) sabanin Mambilla da ke makwabtaka da tsaunukan Mambilla wanda za a iya kiransa da "Bo ba bo". Jama'ar ƙauyukan Mambilla daban-daban suna magana da yarurruka daban-daban na Mambilla ko yarukan Mambiloid masu alaƙa da juna. Suna kuma raba jerin ayyukan aladun da ke da alaƙa da juna, musamman haɗin haɗin kai da rantsuwa da ake kira "suu", "shua", "sua" ko "shuaga". A cikin yaren Somie (Ndiba) wannan ana iya amfani da sautin magana a matsayin [ʃwaɣa]. Duba tattaunawa a cikin "Sua a cikin Somie" da aka kawo a ƙasa. Asalin rubutaccen tarihin Faransanci na gida don tarihin Somie shine Zeitlyn Mial & Mbe 2000. Yaren [[Yaren Mambila|Mambila]] ƙungiyoyi ne na yarurruka da yarruka masu alaƙa. Bayanai na SIL Ethnologue sun ba lambobi biyu MCU don yarukan Kamaru da MZK don yarukan Najeriya. Dubi aikin binciken Bruce Connell akan gidan yanar gizon VIMS da aka ambata a ƙasa, da labarin akan yaren Mambiloid . Yaren Mambilla ko Yaren Tungbo shine yaren Mambila da aka fi fahimta a Najeriya. Hakanan harshe ne na karatun Mambilla ga yawancin waɗanda ke zaune a yankin Mambilla Plateau. Sabon Alkawarin Mambila da aka fi sani da 'Li Fa' da rubuce-rubucen karatun Mambilla da yawa an rubuta su a yaren Mambilla na gama gari don Nijeriya. Ana samun sabon Alƙawari a Ju Ba don masu magana da yarukan Kamaru. == Wuri == Yawancin Mambilla suna zaune ne a yankin Mambilla tare da babban birni na zamani a Bommi (Gembu a cikin "Sardauna" Local Government.).{{Coord|6.713833|11.25002}} a [[Taraba|Jihar Taraba]] na Najeriya [Note cewa gargajiya da tarihi da sunan wannan ƙaramar ya kasance "Mambilla", da kuma cewa "Sardauna" misnomer ne mai zamani danniyan daga waje, ko ba 'yan asalin mutane, musamman, a haɗe tare da rusasshiyar Gwamnatin Jega ta 1984]. Wannan tsaunukan tsaunuka ne, ci gaban arewa na filayen Bamenda. Yankin da aka raba tuddai da rafuka da yawa (musamman Kogin Donga) yana barin haɗaɗɗen yanayin ƙasa na kwari da ke kan tsaunuka da ke kan tsaunuka (duk tsayi iri ɗaya). Gang Peak, wanda yake a kusurwar arewa maso gabas na yankin Mambilla Plateau, a yankin Mambilla-Gashaka-Kamaru mai iyaka uku, shi ne mafi girman yanki a Najeriya. Ana samun ƙauyuka duka a kan tsaunuka da kan kwari, kuma suna da kaɗan daga juna musamman lokacin damina lokacin da ketare kogi na iya zama da wahala (kuma ba zai yiwu ba don jigilar motoci). Aikin gona ya ta'allaka ne a gindin kwarin yayin da tsaunuka suke da yawa tun daga shekarun 1940, watau tun lokacin da ƙaura daga makiyaya masu kiwon shanu zuwa ƙarshen mulkin Birtaniyya (yana daga cikin Burtaniya Kamaru har zuwa lokacin raba gardama na 1959/61). An samu matsalar kiwo da zaizayar kasa ya haifar da matsaloli masu yawa daga ƙarshen shekarun 1970. Za a samu wasu 'yan tsirarun Mambilla, baƙin haure daga Nyo ko Mvor a kudancin Mambilla Plateau da wasu kauyuka, a gefen filin Ndom (arewacin Tikar) da ke Kamaru a gindin rafin na Mambilla Plateau. Manyan ƙauyukan Kamaru sune Atta, Sonkolong da Somié . Wannan yanki ne wanda, farawa daga misalin AD 1790, su, a cikin salon cin abinci, an ci gaba da ci gaba daga Twumwu, ƙungiyar pre-Tikar da ke zaune a Ndom Plain (Zeitlyn & Connell, 2003). A wani tsawan da ya kai kimanin mita 700, waɗannan ƙauyukan na Ndom suna rayuwa ne a wani yankin daban na muhalli da na Filato: misali, ana samun dabinon mai da gandun dajin a ciki. == Art == Tudun Mambila yana arewacin arewacin ciyawar. Mazaunan sun haɓaka fasahohin fasaha na musamman waɗanda aka yi da yumɓu, terracotta, pith, da [[Katako|itace]] . Mazaje ne yake sassaka itace da farko, amma har yanzu babu wani takamaiman masani. Kayan aiki ƙirƙirar sassaƙa ne da kansu, ƙirƙirar kayan aiki kamar yadda ake buƙata. Abubuwa kamar chisels, wuƙaƙƙun wuƙaƙe, madaidaiciyar wuƙaƙe ana yin su ne ta hanyar mai ƙira. Amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin da aka yi da hannu ya bar sarari don kuskure kuma bai taɓa barin wurin ba gaba ɗaya. Zane-zane tare da fuskoki masu fasalin zuciya suna nuna farkon ayyukan fasaha, yayin da abin rufe fuska na yanzu ke nuna fasalin tsuntsaye, dabbobi, da mutane. Mafi yawan 'yan Mambila a cikin Mambila Plateau sun kasance masu cinikin zane-zane ne suka karɓe su a shekarun 1960 da 1970s, suka bar adadi da sassake kaɗan da za a rubuta. Mafi yawan adadi na al'adun Mambila sune Tadep da Kike. [[File:Brooklyn_Museum_73.9.1_Guardian_Figure_Tadep.jpg|thumb| Maza Tadep Guardian Hoto, Gidan Tarihi na Brooklyn]] Tadep yana nuna nau'ikan ma'aurata maza da mata galibi waɗanda aka sassaka daga itace mai ƙarancin ƙarfi. Hakanan suna iya kwatanta adadi guda ɗaya na jinsi ɗaya. Kike siffofi ne da aka sassaƙa kuma aka yi su da pith of dabino raffia . kuma su ne adadi mafi girma na mutum-mutumi. Wadannan adadi za a sanya su sau da yawa a cikin ɗakunan ajiya, yayin da wasu gumakan kuma ana nuna su a waje kuma. Waɗannan abubuwa sun kasance sacra na ƙungiyoyi masu alaƙa da rashin lafiya da warkarwa. Tadep da Kike sun kasance ɓangare na ƙungiyar Sauga. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa waɗanda suka sa fasaharsu ta bambanta da sauran al'adu. Hotunan Mambila da aka yi da pith mai taushi, da kuma manne wa wuraren bautar gumaka da katanga masu alfarma wani abu ne wanda aka yarda wasu jinsi ne kawai su gani. Ididdigar pith ɗin za su yi aiki ne kamar yadda ya dace da ziyartar ruhohin kakanninsu. Ruhohin kakanni suna kiyaye dukiyar iyali waɗanda ke cikin wuraren tsafi ta hanyar yin waɗannan gumakan. Wani bambanci shine aikace-aikacen shekara-shekara na tsarin launin su na ja, fari, da baƙi don abubuwa masu aiki. Adadin namiji yana da ƙaramar buɗewa a cikin ciki a matsayin wurin ajiyar abubuwan ɓarkewar abinci, yayin da mace kuma take da buɗaɗɗen buɗe ciki. === Bikin Tawong === A yayin rawar rawa da ake yi a watannin Yuni ko Yuli da Nuwamba ko Disamba, an ba wa samari marasa aure na ƙauyuka 'yancin yin gwaji. Yawanci bayan raye-raye da haɗuwa daga marasa aure, suna bikin dasa shuki na amfanin gona tare da bikin da ke faruwa ga maza kawai. Maza suna tafiya daga ƙauye zuwa ƙauye don bukukuwan da suka haɗa da rawa, wasanni, da kulla abota da ke haɓaka dangantakar ɗan adam. Ana rufe masks a wannan lokacin kuma maza ne kawai ke iya gani. " ''Suah Bvur'' " abin rufe fuska ne na martaba ta farko, galibi kamar hular kwano da sawa a kai, tana hutawa a kan kafadun masu ɗaukar kaya. Koyaushe yana tare da wasu masks masu matsayi na biyu kamar " ''Suah Dua'' ", waɗanda ke kan saman kai. Kusan dukkanin masks da siffofin fasaha ana kiyaye su daga mata saboda ba'a ba su damar ganin su ba, ko kuma kasancewa wani ɓangare na su. == Rikici tsakanin Manomi Grazier == A ƙarshen 2000, kuma daga baya, musamman a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2002 lokacin da sojojin haya na Fulanin Udawa daga Nijar da Chadi suka mamaye Mambilla Plateau, rikice-rikice a kan ƙasa sun sa an kori Fulani makiyaya da yawa daga Plateau Mambilla kuma sun zama 'yan gudun hijira a Kamaru. (Akwai tabbatattun jaridu da rahotanni na hukuma game da shigar sojojin hayan Fulani zuwa Mambilla. <ref>See Gaussett's article, and reports/photos of the captured mercenaries in ''TheNews'', 4 February 2002, pp.&nbsp;29 –30, ''New Impression'', 22 April 2002, p.&nbsp;42; ''Daily Independent'', 21–27 January 2002, pp. A1, A2; ''TELL'', 28 January 2002, p.&nbsp;23</ref> Makamantan matsaloli sun faru a tsakiyar 2017. == Yanayi == Akwai lokacin rani daga ƙarshen Nuwamba har zuwa farkon Maris, damina (waɗanda suke da yawa da kuma na yau da kullun) suna haɓaka a watan Agusta. Ba kasafai ake fuskantar ruwan sama da ruwan sama kamar da baƙin kwarya tsakanin Disamba da Fabrairu A tsaunin Mambilla Filato ya isa maraice ya yi sanyi. Zafin rana da wuya ya wuce {{Convert|25|°C|°F|1}} sanya shi ya zama yanki mafi sanyi a Najeriya. == Bibiyar Tarihi== * Bami-Yuno (2009): "Kisan kare dangi na yare a yankin Mambilla", Takarda, Babban Taron shekara Biyu, Nationalungiyar Studentsaliban Mambila ta Kasa, Bommi, Najeriya, 28-29 Disamba 2009 * Bami-Yuno (2011): "Muhawarar Tattaunawa ta Bantu ta Gida"; Takarda, Taro na Bienni Na Biyu, Nationalungiyar Studentsaliban Mambilla ta Kasa, Bommi, Nijeriya, 28-29 Disamba 2011 * Bami-Yuno (2012): "Yankin Mambilla a Tarihin Afirka" * Bami-Yuno (2012): "Jumboni - Tarihin Sarautar Mambilla" * Connell, Bruce ilimin harshe refs * Gausset, Q. (2005): 'Rikicin makiyaya da makiyaya a Tikar Plain (Kamaru)', a cikin Q. Gausset, M. Whyte da T. Birch-Thomsen (eds. ), Bayan yanki da ƙaranci: Binciken rikice-rikice game da sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa, 90-111. Uppsala: Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka ta Nordic. * Percival, DA (1938): "Sake Tsarukan Gudanarwa na Mambilla" (Rahoton Leken Asiri) Zeitlyn, David, Nicodeme Mial, da Charles Mbe 2000. Trois études sur les mambila de Somié, Cameroun. Boston, Mass.: Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka ta Jami'ar Boston: Groupe de Recherches sur l'Afrique Francophone. Ana samun cikakken bayanin daga [http://mambila.info/trois_etudes.pdf] * Zeitlyn ya amsa sama * Cikakken littafin tarihi yana kan layi a [https://web.archive.org/web/20150503195409/http://condor.depaul.edu/mdelance/CameroonCultures/MambilaBibliography.html condor.depaul.edu] == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.mambila.info/ Cibiyar Nazarin Mambila] * [http://www.academia-verlag.de/titel/68375.htm Sua a Somie] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305053459/http://academia-verlag.de/titel/68375.htm |date=2016-03-05 }} David Zeitlyn, Sua a Somie: Al'amuran addinin gargajiya na Mambila, Sankt Augustin, Academia Verlag, 1994, 260 pp., 3 88345 375 7 * Perrin, MJ da Hill, MV 1969. Mambila (Parler d'Atta): Bayanin Phonologique. Yaoundé: Jami'ar Federale du Cameroun. * [http://pnglanguages.org/africa/cameroun/bydomain/linguistics/orthography/Mambila%20orthography%20Statement%202005.pdf Perrin, Mona. Bayanin Takaddun Labaran Kafa na Mambila na 2005]{{Dead link|date=January 2018|fix-attempted=yes}} * David Zeitlyn 2005 [https://web.archive.org/web/20110713202810/http://www.lexingtonbooks.com/Catalog/SingleBook.shtml?command=Search&db=%5EDB%2FCATALOG.db&eqSKUdata=0739108018 kalmomi da matakai a cikin dangin Mambila: Mahimmancin Ka'idoji game da Complewarewar Rayuwar Yau da kullun.] [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-0801-7|978-0-7391-0801-7]] * Sauran ayyukan David Zeitlyn an jera su a cikin [http://ora.ouls.ox.ac.uk/search?q=zeitlyn&rows=10&truncate=450 Taskar Nazarin Oxford]{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} == Manazarta == [[Category:Al'ummomin Nijeriya]] [[Category:Al'adun ƙasashen]] [[Category:Al'adun Najeriya]] [[Category:Al'ummomi]] [[Category:Harsunan Nijeriya]] [[Category:Harsunan Adamawa]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] hm791xq2dpi0cf4px3nc2w52yz97lr7 0 20521 863556 681113 2026-06-21T22:38:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Nigeria Airways 747-282B.png|thumb]] [[File:Nigeria Airways Airbus A310 Volpati.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Nigeria Airways 747-282B.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Nigeria Airways Airbus A310 Volpati.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Airbus A310-222, Nigeria Airways AN0853397.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Nigeria Airways, Dublin, February 1993.jpg|thumb]] Jirgin saman Nigeria Airways Flight 9805 jirgin jigilar kaya ne daga Filin [[Filin Jirgi na Abdulaziz|jirgin saman King Abdulaziz na]] [[Jeddah]] zuwa [[Filin jirgin sama na Mallam Aminu Kano|Filin jirgin saman Malam Aminu Kano da]] ke [[Kano (birni)|Kano]], [[Najeriya|Nigeria]] . A ranar 19 ga watan Disambar shekara ta 1994, jirgin Boeing 707-3F9C da ke yawo akan hanya ya gamu da gobara a cikin jirgin sannan ya auka wa wata fadaddiyar kasa [[Kiri Kasama|kusa da Kiri Kasama]], [[Hadejia|karamar]] hukumar Hadejia, Najeriya. Daya daga cikin ma’aikatan jirgin uku da fasinjojin guda biyu sun mutu. Binciken ya yanke shawarar cewa abu mai haifar da zafi shine mai yiwuwa faruwar hakan. <ref name="ASN">{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|date=|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 707-3F9C 5N-ABK Kiri Kasama|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19941219-2|access-date=6 June 2012|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref> == Jirgin sama da ma'aikata == Jirgin da ya yi hatsarin Boeing 707-3F9C ne da aka yi a shekara ta 1972 ya yi rijista 5N-ABK zuwa kamfanin jirgin na Nigeria Airways. Jirgin ya yi tafiyar awa 31,477 na jirgin kafin hatsarin. Kyaftin din yana da awanni 10,917 na jirgin, 3,594.5 daga ciki kan jirgin Boeing 707. Jami'in na farko ya sami lasisin tukin jirgi biyu Boeing 707 da Boeing 727, jimillar awanni 55 na jirgin sama, sama da 2,000 daga ciki a kan Boeing 707. Injiniyan jirgin yana da jimillar awanni 249 na jirgin. A lokacin afkuwar hatsarin jirgin ya sami ragowar man na awanni 2.5 kuma yana dauke da kaya kimanin tan 35.<ref name="ASN" /><ref name="Report">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=1996-05-30|title=REPORT ON THE ACCIDENT TO THE NIGERIA AIRWAYS LTD'S BOEING 707 - 320C ON MONDAY THE 19TH DECEMBER 1994 AT KIRI KASAMA, HADEIJA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA.|url=https://aib.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/cia04344.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210604081128/https://aib.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/cia04344.pdf|archive-date=2021-06-04|access-date=2016-12-03|website=|publisher=[[Federal Ministry of Aviation (Nigeria)|Nigerian Federal Ministry of Aviation]]}}</ref> == Fasinjoji == Jirgin jirgin fasinja ne dauke da fasinjoji biyu da ke kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Kano, Injiniyan kasa da kuma mai daukar kaya, dukkansu sun mutu a cikin hatsarin. == Jerin abubuwan da suka faru == [[Jirgin karshe zuwa Abuja|Jirgin]] ya shirya jigilar pallar kaya 13 ba komai a Jeddah sannan ya dawo Kano. Jirgin ya kusan sokewa saboda an saka paltoci biyar a cikin jirgin, kuma ma'aikacin da ke da mabuɗan wurin ajiyar dutsen da ba shi da rahoto bai je aiki ba a ranar. Kyaftin din ya kusan soke jirgin har sai da aka yi shirin kara wasu pallar kaya bakwai. Jirgin ya dauki kimanin 17:00 UTC ya isa Jeddah 'yan mintoci kaɗan da ƙarfe 22:00 UTC. Da ma lokacin juyawa zai dauki awa daya da rabi, amma ya dauki awanni biyu da rabi tunda dole ne a yi jigilar kayan bayan an isa Jeddah. Jirgin ya shirya tsaf don tashin sa da karfe 00:30 UTC, amma a yayin fara aikin injin lambar 4 ba za ta fara ba. Injin mai lamba 4 aka gyara kuma jirgin ya tashi da karfe 13:48 UTC akan hanyar zuwa Kano kuma ana sa ran kano da misalin karfe 18:19 UTC. Ba a gargaɗar da kyaftin ɗin ba game da kowane kayan abu mai haɗari ko haɗari a ciki. Injiniyan jirgin ya hangi wani wari a cikin matattarar jirgin a matakin jirgi na 35 yayin da jirgin ya kusanci N'Djamena, da misalin karfe 17:00 UTC. Sauran ma'aikatan da injiniyan ƙasa da maigidan da ke ɗora kaya sun tabbatar da cewa warin ya cigaba na ɗan lokaci. Fasinjojin biyu sun nuna alamun wari zuwa pallet 11 kuma wanda ya bayyana kamar ba shi da kyau. Bayan an basu na'urar kashe gobara sai suka shafa a pallet kuma idan suka dawo suna numfashi sama sama. Bayan haka an bi hanyar kwashe hayaki kuma warin na wani lokaci. An share jirgin don sauka a 18:00 UTC. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka kuma gargaɗin maigidan ya bi bayan minti ɗaya da karar gargaɗin wuta. Tare da hayaki ya shiga cikin gidan, jirgin ya shiga {{Convert|3000|ft|m}} a minti daya. An rasa ikon sarrafa filayen. Injiniyan jirgin ya fara watsa rediyo zuwa kamfanin jirgin a 18:04:57 UTC wanda ya kare ba zato ba tsammani da karfe 18:05:04, daidai lokacin da rikodin muryar jirgin ke tsayawa. Wadanda suka tsira (kyaftin din da injiniyan jirgin) duk sun bayar da rahoton cewa fashewar ta farko ta tayar da motar kuma jirgin ya yi rawar jiki. Jirgin ya sauka a hankali a cikin ciyawar amma ya mirgine kan hulɗar ruwan. Daga nan jirgin ya fashe a karo na biyu kuma ya lalace. == Mai yiwuwa Dalilin == A cewar rahoton hatsarin: "Dalilin da ya haifar da wannan hatsarin shi ne abu mai samar da zafi wanda aka boye shi a cikin kayan yadudduka a cikin pallet mai lamba 11 a cikin jigilar kayan jirgin. Zafin da ya fito daga pallet ya haifar da hayaki wanda ya haifar da babbar damuwa a cikin matattarar jirgin sannan daga baya ya haifar da fashewa wanda ya yi matukar illa ga kulawar jirgin. ” == Duba kuma == * [[Hadarin Jirgin sama na Kano|Hadarin jirgin sama na Kano]], mummunan hatsarin jirgin Boeing 707 da aka yi aiki a madadin kamfanin na Nigeria Airways == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.aib.gov.ng/cia04344.pdf Rahoton Karshe]( {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120617033927/http://www.aib.gov.ng/cia04344.pdf |date=2012-06-17 }} ) - Ma'aikatar Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Tarayyar Najeriya [[Category:Hadarin jiragen sama a najeriya]] [[Category:Najeriya a 1994]] [[Category:Filayen jirgin sama]] of847mol1dbyddaputusi8fay6ztdbm 0 20979 863555 554245 2026-06-21T22:36:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Nigeria Airways (5N-ANC), Dublin, February 1993 (01).jpg|thumb|Nigeria Airways Flight 357]] '''Jirgin saman Nigeria Airways Flight 357''' jirgin fasinjan cikin gida ne da aka shirya daga Yola a [[Yola]] zuwa Murtala Muhammed International Airport da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], tare da tsayawa a [[Filin jirgin saman Jos|Filin Jirgin]] [[Jos|Sama na Jos]] [[Filin jirgin sama ta Kaduna|da ke]] Jos da na Kaduna a [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]].A ranar 13 ga Nuwamba 1995,jirgin Boeing 737-2F9,a lokacin tafiyarsa ta biyu daga Jos zuwa Kaduna,ya gamu da mummunan hatsarin jirgin sama a Filin jirgin Kaduna,wanda ya haifar da gobara da ta kuma lalata jirgin.Dukkanin ma’aikatan jirgin 14 sun rayu,yayin da 11 daga cikin fasinjoji 124 suka mutu. <ref>"[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19951113-0 ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-2F9 5N-AUA Kaduna Airport (KAD)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127172920/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19951113-0|date=2012-01-27}}." [[Aviation Safety Network]]. Retrieved on 6 June 2012.</ref> == Bayan Fage == Jirgin samfurin Boeing 737-2F9 ne da ke rajista a lambar rajistar Najeriya 5N-AUA. Jirgin an sanye shi da injina 2 Pratt & Whitney Canada. Tana da jirgin farko a ranar 14 ga Oktoban shekara ta 1982. An kuma kera shi a Renton, Amurka kuma yana da lambar gini 22985, an ƙera shi ne a ranar 11 ga Fabrairu 1983. Jirgin ya sami iska awanni 22,375.40.<ref>{{cite web|title=5N-AUA Nigeria Airways Boeing 737-2F9(A) - cn 22985 / 920|url=https://www.planespotters.net/airframe/Boeing/737/22985/5N-AUA-Nigeria-Airways|publisher=PlaneSpotters.net|access-date=2021-06-10|archive-date=2022-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913155732/https://www.planespotters.net/airframe/Boeing/737/22985/5N-AUA-Nigeria-Airways|url-status=dead}}</ref>. Kyaftin din dan shekaru 43 ne dan Najeriya tare da wani lasisin lasisin Jirgin Sama na Jirgin Sama mai lamba 2911 ya fara aiki har zuwa watan Mayun shekara ta 1996. Yana da kwatancen umarnin sa akan B-737, Cessna-150 da Piper Aztec. Kamar yadda lokacin hatsarin ya faru, Kwamandan yana da cikakkiyar kwarewar shawagi sama da awanni 6,000 wanda sama da awanni 4,000 suna kan aiki. Kwamandan ya cancanci ya tashi. Yayinda Jami'in Farko ya kasance ɗan Najeriya ɗan shekara 39 tare da Baƙin Lasisin lasisin Kasuwanci mai lamba 2884 wanda ke aiki har tsakar dare na 13 Nuwamban shekara ta 1995. Sakamakonsa na 2 shine Boeing-737 da Boeing-727. Jami'in Farko yana da cikakkiyar kwarewar tashi sama da awanni 5,000 daga ciki sa'o'i 3,000 na kan aiki. An same shi ya cancanta ya hau jirgin ranar. Kafin mummunan lamarin Jos - Kaduna, jirgin ya tashi daga Yola zuwa Jos. Yankunan farko da na uku na jirgin sun sami Kyaftin, yayin da jami'in na farko ya kasance a kan kula da sashi na biyu (KAD -JOS) na jirgin. Dukansu suna da matsala game da sarrafa jirgin sama a waɗannan ɓangarorin (jirgin sama yana hagu zuwa hagu ko dama). Jirgin ya sauka a Yola da karfe 21:00 UTC don tsayawa na dare kuma ma'aikatan sun isa otal ɗin su da ƙarfe 22:00 UTC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aib.gov.ng/cia04354.pdf|title=Archived copy|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/68EXkTH0w?url=http://www.aib.gov.ng/cia04354.pdf|archive-date=7 June 2012|access-date=7 June 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>. == Hadari == Jirgin mai lamba 357 ya tashi daga Filin jirgin saman Yola da misalin karfe 07:30 UTC zuwa Kaduna, dauke da mutane guda 138 a cikin jirgin dauke da isasshen mai. Kyaftin din ya bayyana cewa ma’aikatan jirgin su takwas ne kuma sauran mutum shida din an hau su ne bisa yadda ya ga dama da kuma na Manajan Tashar. Qayyadadden Lokacin isowa a Kaduna shine 07:46 UTC. Kaduna ta ba Flight 357 izinin shigowa domin tunkarar hanyar da ta tashi ta 05. Kodayake, izinin sauka na farko don hanyar jirgi 05, Kyaftin ya nemi sauka a kan titin jirgi 23. Mai kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen saman ya tunatar da shi cewa iska daga 090 take take, amma har yanzu ya nace kan amfani da hanyar 23. Kyaftin, saboda haka, ya yarda ya sauka tare da wutsiya. Jirgin mai lamba 357 ya fara saukowarsa na farko da misalin karfe 07:42 UTC kuma an share shi zuwa 3.500&nbsp;ft Daga nan sai ya gangara zuwa 500&nbsp;ft Daga nan sai maaikatan suka yi kokarin daidaita jirgin tare da titin jirgin. Jami'in na farko ya tambayi Kyaftin "Shin za ku iya samun saukowa daga wannan matsayin?" Wani dan kallo a cikin matattarar jirgin ya kuma ba da shawarar ci gaba da sauka; mai yiwuwa ya sake sanya jirgin don sauka a kan titin jirgin sama 05. Koyaya, babu amsa daga Kyaftin ɗin kuma an ci gaba da kusancin don titin jirgin 23. Hannun hagu yana da tsayi sosai kuma ya ɗauki jirgin sama zuwa hagu na babbar hanyar jirgin sama kuma an yi amfani da madaidaiciyar dama. Dole ne mai sa ido yayi ihu na gargadi "Kalli reshen" kamar yadda fuka-fukan zasu iya buga kasa a kan hanyar karshe. Ma’aikatan suna ci gaba da gwagwarmaya da sarrafa jirgin don daidaita shi da titin jirgin. Jirgin ya sauka a shekara ta 2020&nbsp;ft (615.85m) daga ƙarshen titin titin jirgin sama 05 bayan ya cinye kashi 79.5% na jimlar titin jirgin. An bayar da rahoton cewa Kyaftin din ya yi amfani da 1.8 da 1.6 EPR (Injin Powerarfin Injin) a kan masu juyawa. Lokacin da hanyar wucewa ta zama ba makawa, Kaftin din ya juya jirgin sama zuwa hagu tare da niyyar amfani da hanyar wucewa ta hanzari ta ƙarshe don gujewa fitilun tashar jirgin. A wannan tsaka-tsakin, jirgin ya shiga cikin jirgi mara izini. Bawan da ya juya lokacin ba makawa ya tilasta reshen dama ya buga kasa, don haka ya fasa tankokin mai kuma babbar wuta ta tashi. Fasinjoji da ma’aikatan jirgin sun yi cuku-cuku suna kokarin tserewa daga tarkacen jirgin. Mutane 66 sun ji rauni a cikin hadarin, 14 daga cikinsu sun ji rauni. Fasinjoji guda 11 da ke cikin jirgin sun mutu. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://aib.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/81.-5N-AUA-cia04354.pdf Rahoton ƙarshe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108114737/https://aib.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/81.-5N-AUA-cia04354.pdf |date=2021-11-08 }} ( [http://www.aib.gov.ng/cia04354.pdf Madadi]) ( {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120617034059/http://www.aib.gov.ng/cia04354.pdf |date=2012-06-17 }} ) [[Ma'aikatar Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya (Najeriya)|Ma'aikatar Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Tarayyar Najeriya]] [[Category:Najeriya]] [[Category:Najeriya a 1995]] [[Category:Hadarin jiragen sama a najeriya]] [[Category:Sararin sama]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bvg177drt04rimjqhy38szxm70zai4c 0 21044 863612 846738 2026-06-22T05:27:20Z Nura Bello 24854 863612 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Niĝeria_Ruĝa_Kruco.png|alt=Logo of the Nigerian Red Cross|thumb| Logo na kungiyar Red Cross ta Nijeriya]] Ƙungiyar '''Red Cross ta Najeriya''' ,(NRCS) an [[kafa]] ta a 1960 [[Kumasi|kuma]] tana da hedkwata a [[Abuja]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigerian Red Cross Society expands fight against COVID-19 in Nigeria with support from Coca-Cola|url=https://www.thecable.ng/nigerian-red-cross-society-expands-fight-against-covid-19-in-nigeria-with-support-from-coca-cola|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>www.bbchausa.com</ref><ref>Our 7 Fundamental Principles | Nigerian Red Cross". www.redcrossnigeria.org. 2023-11-19. Retrieved 2024-08-01.</ref><ref>"Doctors without borders | The Practical Guide to Humanitarian Law". ''guide-humanitarian-law.org''. Retrieved 2022-04-23.</ref><ref>Nigerian Red Cross Society". International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Retrieved 2022-04-30.</ref> Yana da sama da masu sa kai guda 500,000 da ma'aikata na dindindin 300. Ƙungiyar Red Cross ta Nijeriya ta kafa ta Dokar Majalisar a cikin shekarar 1960 kuma ta zama memba na 86 - Ƙungiyar ofasa ta Ƙungiyar Red Cross da Ƙungiyoyin Red Crescent (Yanzu Kungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Red Cross da Ƙungiyoyin Red Crescent ) a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1961. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://redcrossnigeria.org/about-us |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-06-11 |archive-date=2021-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611093507/https://redcrossnigeria.org/about-us |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>www.aminiya.com</ref><ref>www.freedomradio.com</ref><ref>Fundamental Principles | IFRC". www.ifrc.org. Retrieved 2022-04-23.</ref> Umurninta ya samo asali ne daga: - Dokokin Motsa Jiki - Manyan Shawarwari game da Ƙa'idojin - Ƙa'idojin RCRC da Byelaws - Yarjejeniyar Geneva da - Dokar Red Cross ta Najeriya ta shekara ta1960.<ref>"New Chairman emerges at 9th West Coast Group Meeting". redcrossnigeria.org. Retrieved 2022-04-30.</ref><ref>Nigerian Red Cross Society". International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Retrieved 2022-04-30.</ref> Ƙa'idojinta na tukawa sune mutuntaka, rashin son kai, tsaka-tsaki, 'yanci, sabis na son rai, haɗin kai da gama gari. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.redcrossnigeria.org Kungiyar Red Cross ta Najeriya] [[Category:Kungiyoyin taimako a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kongiyo a Najeriya]] [[Category:Najeriya]] [[Category:Najeriya a 1960]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] gr6a43a4c0q61mliy00wcbekpeg0tfi 0 21394 863601 474950 2026-06-22T05:05:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Omar Abdulrahman Ahmed Al Raaki Al Amoodi''' ( {{Lang-ar|عمر عبد الرحمن أحمد الراقي العمودي&lrm;}} ; An kuma haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, shekara ta alif1991) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallan Kwando|ƙafa ne na]] Emirati wanda ke wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari ga Shabab Al-Ahli. Ya kasance kwararren Dan wasan kwallon kafa na Emirates. <ref>{{cite web|title=Top ten Asian players of 2012|url=http://espnfc.com/columns/story/_/id/1277602/top-ten-asian-football-players-of-2012?cc=4716|access-date=2 June 2013|publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> Abdulrahman ya fara aikin sa ne a lokacin da ya tafi shari'a tare da [[Al Hilal SFC|Al Hilal]] a shekarar 2000. A shekarar ya shiga Al Ain a shekarar 2006, yana da shekara 15. A cikin kakar shekarar 2008, da shekarar 2009 an daga shi zuwa kungiyar farko kuma ya fara buga wasa a shekarar 2009, kuma ya lashe lambar girma ta farko a gasar Kofin Etisalat da Kofin Shugaba, na shekarar 2009, Super Cup.<ref>{{cite web|title=Top ten Asian players of 2012|url=http://espnfc.com/columns/story/_/id/1277602/top-ten-asian-football-players-of-2012?cc=4716|access-date=2 June 2013|publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> Duk da cewa ya samu rauni a jijiya a kakar wasa mai zuwa kuma ya yi jinyar sama da watanni shida, ya zama farkon kungiyar yau da kullun kuma ya taimaka wa kulob dinsa don kauce wa faduwa a cikin kakar shekarar 2010, da 2011. Ya kammala kaka tare da kwallaye 11 a wasanni 29 kuma an zabe shi dan wasan da yafi kowane shekara iya taka leda. A kakar shekarar 2011 da shekara ta 2012, Abdulrahman ya sake fama da irin wannan rauni kuma ya yi watanni shida yana jinya, ya dawo daga raunin don ganin kungiyar sa ta zama zakara a gasar. Bayan gwaji na sati biyu tare da [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]], ya koma Al Ain don zama babban dan wasa a kakar shekarar 2012 da shekara ta 2013 kuma an zaɓe shi dan wasan Emirate na Gwarzon dan wasa, Fans's Player of the Year da kuma Young Arab Player of the Year. a cikin shekarar 2013 yayin da ƙungiyarsa ta sami nasarar na shekarar 2012 Super Cup, league. A ciki kuma ya ci kwallaye 8 kuma ya taimaka an ci 16 a wasa 31. A cikin shekarar 2014, Abdulrahman ya kasance na farko a taimakawa a gasar gida tare da 19. ESPN FC sun zabi Abdulrahman # 1 a cikin ''Manyan 'yan wasan Asiya goma na shekarar 2012''. A cikin shekarar 2013, [[FIFA]] ta sanya Abdulrahman a cikin fitattun tauraruwa masu zuwa a Asiya. Abdulrahman ya kasance cikin talatin da tara a jerin Goal 50 domin zakaran 'yan wasa 50 na kakar shekarar 2012 da 2013. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Omar Abdulrahman - Al Jazira.png|thumb|Omar Abdulrahman]] Omar Abdulrahman an kuma haife shi a kasar [[Riyadh]], ya girma a can cikin yanayin aiki, ga dangin Hadhrami wanda ya fito daga Masarautar Hadhramaut. Mahaifinsa Abdulrahaman Ahmed tsohon dan wasa ne, shi ne karami na yaya mata biyu da kanne uku, Ahmad, Khaled da Mohammed. Ya kasance wani lokacin yana wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin unguwannin Riyadh. Ya jawo hankali daga dan wasan Abdulrahman Eissa wanda ya gan shi kwatsam a farfajiyar Al Malaz kusa da filin wasa na Yarima Faisal bin Fahd kuma ya yi tambaya game da kulob din da ya buga wa wasa. Amsar ita ce ba ya buga wa wani kulob wasa sannan kuma bai rike kasar [[Saudiyya]] ba. Bayan Abdulrahman Eissa ya fara tuntubar shi da dan uwansa, daga nan ya fara shiga gasa da kwasa-kwasai tare da Yahya Al-Shehri. A cikin shekara ta 2000, ya tafi tare da [[Al Hilal SFC|Al Hilal]] wanda ke da sha'awar sa hannu a kansa. Koyaya, kamar yadda aka ba shi cikakkiyar [[Saudi Arebiya|ƙasa ta Saudiyya]] kuma ba duk danginsa ba, mahaifinsa ya ƙi tayin. Daga nan sai kira ya zo wa abokin Abdulrahman Eissa Ahmed Al Garoon daga memba mai girma na Al Ain, Nasser bin Thaloub wanda ke neman matasa masu hazaka. Abdulrahman Eissa ya ba shi labarin hazakar Abdulrahaman da kannensa Mohammed da Khalid. Ya nemi fasfo dinsu kuma suka shiga sansanin Al Ain na cikin kasar ta Jamus. Al Ain ya yarda da ba da dan kasa ga danginsa gaba daya sannan suka koma [[Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar]] Daular Larabawa. Abdulrahman ya shiga kulab din tare da kannensa guda biyu kuma ya sanya hannu a makarantar matasa ta kungiyar. == Klub din == Abdulrahman ya shiga makarantar Al Ain Academy ne a shekarar 2007 kuma ya yi wasa a kungiyar Al Ain ta matasa ‘yan kasa da shekara 16, kasa da shekaru 17, kasa da 18, kasa da shekaru 19 da kuma kungiyar reshe. Kocin Winfried Schäfer ne ya daga shi zuwa kungiyar farko bayan ya gan shi a gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta kasa da kasa ta 17 na Al Ain a shekarar 2009. Wasansa na farko a hukumance tare da kungiyar farko shi ne karawar da suka yi da Al Ahli a ranar 24 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2009 a Kofin Etisalat. Duk da cewa an bashi mukamin zuwa kungiyar farko, Abdulrahman yaci gaba da bugawa kungiyar ta reshe. Wasansa na karshe tare da kungiyar ta kare shi ne akan [[Al-Nassr|Al Nasr]] a ranar 24 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2012. Ya ci kwallaye 6 kuma ya taimaka sau 3 a wasanni 10 sama da shekaru 5 tare da ajiyar. ==== Lokacin 2008-2009 ==== Abdulrahman ya fara buga wa kungiyar wasa ta farko a ranar 24 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2009 yana da shekara 17, a Kofin Etisalat da Al Ahli lokacin da ya zo ya maye gurbin Ahmed Khamis a minti na 77. A ranar 27 ga watan Maris shekarar 2009, watanni biyu bayan fara wasan sa, ya maye gurbin Faisal Ali a minti na 70 a karawa ta biyu ta cin Kofin Etisalat da Al Jazira. Abdulrahman ya harba kwallon a kan kwallon amma ya buga kwallon, kafin Dias ya sauya ramawar da ya ci kwallo daya tilo a wasan. A ranar 3 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 2009, Abdulrahman ya ci lambar girmamawa ta farko a kungiyar lokacin da [[Al Ain]] ya doke Al Wahda a wasan karshe na Kofin Etisalat. Mako guda bayan haka, a ranar 13 ga watan Afrilu, ya lashe lambar girmamawa ta biyu a kulob din, Kofin Shugaban kasa a wasan da suka doke kungiyar Al Shabab da ci 1 da 0. A ranar 18 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 2009, Abdulrahman ya fara wasan farko a gasar a wasan da suka doke Ajman da ci 5-0. A ranar 11 ga watan Mayu shekarar 2009, ya ci kwallon farko ta Pro-League a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Al Ahli, don zama dan wasa mafi karancin shekaru da ya ci kwallo a wannan kakar. Wanda kuma aka bi shi da wata kwallo a ragar Al Wasl a ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, ya ci wa Al Ain kwallo ta 101 a tarihin wasannin kungiyoyin biyu. A ranar 24 ga watan Mayu shekarar 2009, ya ci kwallonsa ta uku a wasan da suka doke Al Shaab da ci 2-0. ==== Lokacin 2009-2010 ==== Kafin fara wannan kakar, a ranar 26 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2009, Abdulrahaman ya ji rauni sosai a yayin wasan sada zumunci da FC Lausanne-Sport tare da U-20 na UAE. A ranar 26 ga watan Fabrairu, Abdulrahman ya buga wasansa na farko daga rauni a gasar matasa ta matasa 'yan kasa da shekaru 19 da Bani Yas kuma hakan ya kare da 4-2 a kan Al Ain. A ranar 19 ga watan Maris, a karawar da suka doke Al Dhafra da ci biyu da biyu, ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a kakar wasa ta bana sannan ya taimaka aka zura biyu. A ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, ya zira kwallaye kuma ya taimaka a wasan 0-5 akan Al Wasl. Abdulrahman ya fara wasan zakarun Turai a wasan da suka doke Sepahan Isfahan da ci 2-0. Ya ci kwallonsa ta farko ta Pro-league a kakar wasa a wasan da suka doke Emirates da ci 5-3. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, ya taimaka wa ajiyar Al Ain ta lashe Reserve League ta hanyar zira kwallaye biyu kuma ya taimaka a wani wasan da ci 2-6 da Al Sharjah. Ya gama kakar wasan ya zura kwallaye 5 a wasanni 7 tare da matasa 'yan kasa da shekaru 19, da kungiyar farko. ==== 2010–2011 kakar ==== A wannan kakar, Abdulrahman ya zama kungiyar farko ta yau da kullun, bayan barin Valdivia daga kungiyar, ya gaji lambar mai lamba 10. A ranar 28 ga watan Agusta shekarar 2010, Abdulrahman zira tare da free harbi da kuma taimaka teammate Jose Sand a wani 4-3 nasara a Dubai a cikin ta farko farkon kakar. A ranar 20 ga watan Satumbar shekarar 2010, yayin zagaye na biyu na Kofin Shugaban kasar, Abdulrahman ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a cikin kofin a wasan da suka doke Masfout da ci 5 da 0. Ya ci kwallaye daga bugun fanareti a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun Al Ahli 1-2 a ranar 30 ga watan Satumba, A karawar da suka yi da Al Wasl a ranar 27 ga watan Oktoba shekarar 2010, ya taimaka wa wani abokin wasan sa Mohanad Salem ya sa kungiyar sa ci 1-2. amma an tashi wasan kunnen doki 2-2. A rashin nasarar 1-4 da Ittihad ta sha a ranar 30 ga watan Satumba ya kuma taimaki abokin wasa Faris. Ya sake taimaka wa takwaransa Jose Sand a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 da Al Shabab a ranar 23 ga watan Disambar shekarar 2010. A 12 ga watan Mayu shekarar 2011, Al Ain ya ba da sanarwar tsawaita kwantiragin Abdulrahman har zuwa shekarar 2015. A ranar 1 ga watan Yuni shekarar 2011, ya jagoranci tawagarsa don doke Al Jazira 4-1 ta hanyar zira kwallaye biyu da taimakawa na huɗu. A 12 ga watan Yuni shekarar 2011, Abdulrahman aka mai suna a Pro-League 's mafi alkawarin player na bana a karo na biyu ta hanyar Emirati jaridar ''Al Ittihad''. Abdulrahman ya kammala kakar wasa ta bana da kwallaye 11 kuma ya taimaka aka zura kwallaye 8 a wasanni 29 a duk fadin gasar. A ranar 15 ga watan Janairu, a lokacin wasa a Etisalat Reserve League da Ajman, Abdulrahman ya dawo daga raunin da ya ji a lokacin sansanin bazara ga tawagar kasar wanda ya hana shi yin watanni shida. Wannan shi ne rauni na biyu da ya ji wa rauni a cikin ƙasa da shekaru biyu. A wasan da ya biyo baya tare da kungiyar da aka kare da Al Nasr ya taimakawa kwallon farko a wasan da aka tashi 3-1. A ranar 27 ga watan Janairu, Abdulrahman ya buga wasansa na farko tare da kungiyar ta farko bayan dawowa daga rauni a wasan da Al Ain ta sha kashi ci 4 da 0 daga Al Jazira, yana zuwa a madadin Mohamed Malallah a minti na 59. A ranar 24 ga watan Maris, ya taimaka aka zura kwallaye biyu a ragar 1-4 a karawar da suka yi da Al Sharjah. A ranar 6 ga watan Mayu, ya ci kwallo ta uku a wasan da suka doke Emirates da ci 1-4. A wasan karshe na gasar kakar bana da kuma lashe gasar da Ajman, ya taimaka kwallaye biyu kuma ya ci kwallo daya da 0 - 4. A ranar 6 ga watan Agustan shekarar 2012, Abdulrahman ya tabbatar a shafinsa na [[Twitter]] cewa zai koma kungiyar [[Manchester City F.C.|kwallon kafa ta Manchester City ta Ingila]] a gaban shari'a. Bayan ya isa Manchester, nan da nan ya shiga horar da kungiyar. Shari'ar ta dauki tsawon makonni biyu, ya buga wasannin sada zumunci kuma rahoton ya yi kyau amma cinikin ya wargaje saboda izinin aiki da kuma batutuwan manyan kungiyoyin kasar. A ranar 9 ga watan Maris din shekarar 2013, kocin Al Ain Cosmin Olaroiu ya ce "City ta ba shi kwantiragin shekaru hudu bayan horo tare da su a bazarar da ta gabata, kuma zai dauke su kan tayin na biyu." A ranar 11 ga watan Maris, babban jami'in makarantar kula da karatun Brian Marwood, ya tabbatar da cewa har yanzu suna sha'awar Abdulrahman. Bayan ya dawo daga fitina tare da [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]], <ref>Abdulrahman to rejoin Al Ain despite Man City move talk</ref> Al Ain ya tabbatar da cewa Abdulrahaman zai ci gaba da kasancewa tare da kungiyar a kakar 2012–2013. Abdulrahman ya fara kakar wasan ne da daga Super Cup ta UAE tare da Al Ain, bayan bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida da ci 5-4 a kan Al Jazira, inda ya rasa bugun fanareti kuma aka ba shi suna Man of the Match. A wasan farko na gasar, Abdulrahman ya taimaka wa sabon abokin wasansa Ekoko don ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a gasar a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun Al Ahli da ci 3-6 a ranar 23 ga watan Satumba. Ya taimakawa kwallo ta uku ga dan wasan baya Fawzi Fayez a wasan da suka doke Ajman da ci 1-4. Abdulrahman ya ci kwallonsa ta farko ta Pro-League a wannan kakar a ranar 15 ga watan Oktoba, kuma ya taimaka aka zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Al Dhafra da ci 7-0 A wasan zagaye na hudu kuma ci 5-1 akan Dibba Al Fujairah, Abdulrahman ya taimakawa [[Asamoah Gyan]] ya ci kwallo ta hudu. Abdulrahman ya ci kwallonsa ta biyu a wasan da suka doke Al Wasl da ci 5-0 a ranar 3 ga watan Nuwamba. Ya taimakawa Ismail Ahmed kwallo ta uku ta bugun kwana a wasan da suka doke Al Shabab da ci 2-3. Abdulrahman ya zira kwallaye biyu sannan ya taimakawa Mohamed Ahmed ya ci kwallon farko, a wasan da ci 6-0 akan Ittihad Kalba. Abdulrahman ya sake zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Dubai a ranar 23 ga watan Nuwamba. Magoya bayan Al Ain ne suka bashi kyautar dan wasa na watan Nuwamba. A ranar 16 ga watan Disamba a kan Al Nasr, ya ba da taimako ga Gyan don zira kwallo ta biyu wanda ya ba wa kungiyar nasarar 0-2 a waje. A ranar 26 ga watan Janairu, a wasan farko na gasar Al Ain na shekarar 2013, Abdulrahman ya ci kwallo daga bugun fanareti kuma ya taimaka wa Brosque a wasan da suka tashi 4-0 da Ajman. A wasan da Al Ain ta sha kashi ci 1 da 0 daga Dibba Al Fujairah, Abdulrahman ya shigo a madadinsa a karon farko a wannan kakar ga Hilal Saeed a minti na 63. A ranar 24 ga watan Fabrairu, Abdulrahaman ya tabbatar wa manema labarai cewa ya karbi tayin aro daga Benfica don kwantiragin shekara daya. Koyaya, Al Ain ya yi watsi da tayin kuma ya nuna don burinsa ya ci gaba da zama dan wasan na wannan kakar. A ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairu, Abdulrahman ya buga wasa da tsohuwar kungiyarsa [[Al Hilal SFC|Al-Hilal]] wanda ya horar da shi tun yana matashi a matakin Gasar Zakarun Turai kuma ya zira kwallo daya da daya kuma ya taimaka wa Brosque a nasarar gida da ci 3-1. A ranar 3 ga watan Afrilu, Abdulrahaman ya dawo daga raunin da ya samu a kan Esteghlal, a wasan da suka doke Al Rayyan da ci 2-1, inda ya taimaka aka ci biyu. A ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 2013, a karawar da suka yi da Al Rayyan, inda ya taimakawa kwallon da Al Ain ya ci ita kadai a wasan, Abdulrahman ya sanya kyaftin din kyaftin din bayan da aka sauya Hilal Saeed, sannan ya bai wa abokin wasansa Fares Juma. A ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu, Abdulrahman ya taimaka aka ci wasu kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Ittihad Kalba da ci 3-1. A ranar 18 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 2013, Abdulrahman ya jagoranci kaftin din Al Ain a karon farko a tarihinsa a wasan da suka doke Dubai kuma ya ci gasar laliga. A ranar 5 ga watan Mayu, a karawar da suka yi da Al Ahli a wasan kusa da na karshe na Kofin Shugaban, an kori Abdulrahman bayan katin gargadi biyu a minti 90 + 6 saboda keta haddin mataimakin alkalin da kuma rashin jituwa da alkalin wasa Ammar Al Junaibi. A ranar 16 ga watan Mayu, Abdulrahman ya lashe Al Hadath Al Riyadi Matashin Dan Wasan Balaraba. A ranar 26 ga watan Mayu, ya kara da dan wasan Emirate na Pro-League na Shekarar bana da na Fans Player of the Year. [[Fayil:Omar Abdulrahman - Zob Ahan vs. Al-Ain.jpg|thumb|Omar Abdulrahman]] A ranar 23 ga watan yuli, Al Ain ya tabbatar da cewa kungiyar ta samu tayi game da tattaunawar da aka yi wa Abdulrahaman. A ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, Al Ain ya karɓi tayin gwaji na hukuma daga [[Arsenal FC|Arsenal]] don Abdulrahman. Koyaya, Shugaban Al Ain Board Sheikh Abdullah ya ki amincewa da shi, ya ce kulob din zai saurari shawarwari masu tsoka ne kawai kuma shi Abdulrahman din dukiyar kasa ce. A ranar 30 ga watan Agusta shekarar 2013, Al Ain ta yi rashin nasara a gasar Super Cup ta UAE a shekarar 2013 ga Al Ahli 2-3 a bugun fanareti bayan sun tashi 0-0 a lokacin da aka saba. Abdulrahman bai buga bugun fanareti na biyu ba, wanda mai tsaron raga Majed Nasser ya fanshe. Ya bada taimakon farko guda biyu a wannan kakar a rashin nasara 4-3 daga Al Dhafra. A ranar 20 ga watan Oktoba, Abdulrahman ya bayar da taimako uku a kan Dubai a wasan da suka ci 5-2. A ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba, Abdulrahman ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a wannan kakar daga doguwar bugun daga kai sai kuma ya taimaka wa Fares ya ci ta uku a wasan da suka doke Al Nasr da ci 3-2. A ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamba, Abdulrahman ya ci kwallaye 4 a ragar Al Ain 5-2 a kan Emirates. A ranar 5 ga watan Disamba, Abdulrahaman ya taimaka wa [[Asamoah Gyan]] ya zira kwallaye a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 da Baniyas. Ya bayar da wani taimako ga Gyan a wasan rashin nasara 1-2 da Al Jazira. A ranar 3 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2014, Abdulrahaman ya bayar da kwallaye biyu a ragar Al Wasl a wasan da aka tashi 3-0. A ranar 13 ga watan Janairu, ya taimaka wa takwaransa, Alex Brosque tare da wucewarsa ta baya don tazarar da kai, Abdulrahman ya barar da bugun fanareti na biyu a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 (8-9 a bugun fanareti) a kan Al Wasl a zagaye na 16 na Kofin Shugaban. A ranar 24 ga watan Janairu, ya taimaka daga kusurwa kwallon daya tilo kuma kwallon farko a sabon filin wasa na Al Ain Hazza Bin Zayed a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 da Al Dhafra. A ranar 30 ga watan Janairu, A wasan kusa dana karshe na Kofin Shugaban kasar, Al Ain ya isa wasan karshe bayan ya doke Al Nasr, Abdulrahman ya samu rauni kafin wasan amma yana cikin sahun farawa. Daga baya an sanar cewa zai yi wata guda saboda rauni a makwancinsa. A ranar 7 ga watan Fabrairu, Daily Mirror ta ruwaito cewa Galatasaray, [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool ta]] shiga cikin kungiyoyin da ke son sayen Abdulrahman. A ranar 13 ga watan Maris din shekarar 2014, Abdulrahman ya dawo daga raunin da ya zo a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a karo na biyu a wasan da aka tashi 1-1 da Ittihad a wasan rukuni na AFC Champions League. A ranar 18 ga watan Maris, bayan wasansa na farko bayan raunin, Abdulrahaman ya shigo fili don maye gurbin dan uwansa Mohamed Abdulrahman a minti na 54, ya bayar da giciye don Gyan ya ci kwallo ta uku a cikin 3 - 1 yi nasara akan Tarakor Sazi. A ranar 23 ga watan Maris, Abdulrahman ya buga wasansa na 100 tare da Al Ain a kan Al Ahli. A ranar 1 ga watan Afrilu, Abdulrahman ya ci kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Tractor Sazi. A ranar 2 ga watan Afrilu, an dakatar da Abdulrahman daga buga wasanni biyu a gasar laliga bayan harin da ya kai wa Haitham Ali ba tare da kwallo a karawa da Emirates ba. A wasan da aka tashi 0-5 akan Lekhwiya a ranar 15 ga Afrilu, Abdulrahman ya taimakawa Gyan kwallon ta biyar. Bayan dawowa daga dakatarwar wasanni biyu a ranar 27 ga watan Afrilu, Abdulrahman ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Al Sharjah da 1-3. A ranar 18 ga watan Mayu, Abdulrahaman ya jagoranci Al Ain don lashe wasan karshe na cin Kofin Shugaban kasa da abokan hamayya Al Ahli, ya kafa burin cin nasara ga [[Asamoah Gyan]], wanda ya ba Al Ain kambi na shida. Abdulrahman ya kammala kakarsa da kwallaye 2 kuma ya taimaka aka zura kwallaye 23 a dukkan wasannin da aka fafata wanda hakan yasa ya zama mai taimakawa a fagen kungiyar kasashen larabawa a wannan kakar tare da taimaka 17 An zabi Abdulrahman ne a matsayin zakaran dan wasa na Emirate kuma shine aka zaba a Best XI a lambar yabo ta AGL. Abdulrahman ya jagoranci ِ Al Ain zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe na Gasar cin Kofin Zakarun Turai, inda ya kafa burin [[Asamoah Gyan|Gyan]] a wasan da suka doke Al-Ittihad da ci 2-0 a gidan farko a ranar 19 ga watan Agusta, kuma ya ci kwallo a cikin 1-3 nasara a karawar da suka yi a ranar 26 ga watan Agusta. A ranar 16 ga Satumba, ya taimaka wa Myung-joo a nasarar gida 1-2 a wasa na biyu da [[Al Hilal SFC|Al-Hilal]], Duk da wannan nasarar, Al Ain bai ci gaba zuwa wasan ƙarshe ba bayan an yi rashin nasara 3-0 a farkon- kafa. A ranar 24 ga watan Satumba, Abdulrahman ya samu rauni a wasan Al Ain da Ajman, Amma ya buga wasa da Al-Hilal kuma ya sake komawa; daga baya gwaje-gwaje sun tabbatar da cewa ya sami rauni na jijiyar gwiwa, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar yin sati biyu zuwa uku. A ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba, ya dawo daga rauni ya taimaka aka ci kwallaye biyu a karawar da Al Ain ta doke Al Ahli da ci 2-1 a gasar U21 League. A ranar 23 ga watan Nuwamba, Abdulrahman ya sake fuskantar wani rauni a kan Saudi Arabiya a Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Larabawa na 22, wanda ya bar shi jeren makonni shida. A lokacin rabin lokaci na kakar, Abdulrahman ya sha wahala a karo na uku a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu shekarar 2015, wanda hakan ya sa ya yi jinyar makonni biyu zuwa uku. A ranar 20 ga watan Fabrairu, Abdulrahaman ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa da Al-Ain har zuwa shekarar 2018 bayan sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar da ta sanya shi dan kwallon Larabawa mafi girma a yankin gabas ta tsakiya tare da wasu sharuɗɗa a yankin, an ba da rahoton cewa ya kai £ 2.99 miliyan. a ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu, daga ƙarshe ya dawo cikin filin, yana yin wani canji a cikin wasan gidan Al Ain da ci 3-0 kan Al Fujairah a cikin League. Ya ci kwallonsa ta biyu a bana a wasan da suka doke Al Jazira da ci 2-1 a ranar 8 ga watan Maris. Abdulrahman ya sake yin aiki a ranar 13 ga watan Maris. Mako guda bayan dawowarsa, ya taimaka kwallaye biyu don kasancewa tare da ƙungiyar U21 akan Emirates. Ya zira kwallaye kuma ya taimaki wani a wasan da suka doke Ittihad Kalba da ci 4-0, don jagorantar Al Ain ta lashe gasar ta su bayan rashin nasarar Al Jazira a ranar 17 ga Afrilu. Ya sake zira kwallo a ranar 6 ga watan Mayu, kamar yadda Al Ain ta ci Naft Tehran 3-0. A ranar 14 ga watan Mayu, ya ba da gudummawa ga [[Asamoah Gyan|Gyan]] don zira kwallaye hudu a Gasar Kofin Shugaban kasa na 16 da Dibba. Duk da taimaka wa dan wasan Rashed Eisa wanda ya yi daidai da raunin 3-3, amma daga baya Al Ahli ta doke Al Ain da ci 3 da nema a raga a zagaye na 16 na Gasar Zakarun Turai. A watan Agusta 2018, Abdulrahman ya koma kungiyar [[Al Hilal SFC|Al-Hilal ta]] Saudi Arabia League a matsayin aro na tsawon kaka, ya zama Emirati na farko da ya yi wasa a kasashen waje. A ranar 8 ga watan Agusta 2019, Abdulrahman ya koma Al Jazira kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku. Zai buga wasanni 19 kuma yaci kwallaye uku kafin a soke kakar. A ranar karshe ta kasuwar musayar 'yan wasa ta Janairu, Abdulrahman ya dakatar da kwantiraginsa da Al Jazira ta hanyar yarjejeniya. Ya ji rauni a duk tsawon lokacin. ==== Lokacin 2020-21 ==== A ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, Shabab Al Ahli ta ba da sanarwar sanya hannu kan Abdulrahman kan yarjejeniyar watanni shida. <ref>{{Cite tweet|access-12 February 2021|title=Shabab Al Ahli successfully managed to sign the star of UAE football and international playmaker Omar Abdulrahman}}</ref> == Ayyukan duniya == A shekarar 2010, an kira Abdulrahaman a Gasar 2010 ta GCC U-23, inda ya taimaka aka ci kwallo daya a wasanni hudu da aka buga kuma shi ne taken farko a gare shi. Wata daya daga baya an kira shi zuwa UAE U-20, don 2010 AFC U-19 Championship, shi ne farkon shigarsa a gasar ta nahiyar, ya buga dukkan wasannin kuma ya ci kwallo kuma ya taimaka biyu. A wannan shekarar yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta ci lambar azurfa a wasannin Asiya a China. Ya fara buga wa kasarshi wasa a ranar 3 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2011, a wani wasan sada zumunci da Siriya yana da shekara 19. Ya kasance a jerin farawa kuma an maye gurbinsa a farkon rabin rabin. === Wasannin Asiya na shekarar 2010 === A ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba, a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 da Hong Kong, an maye gurbin Abdulrahman a rabi na biyu amma an kore shi a minti na 88 bayan da ya samu katin gargadi biyu. Abdulrahman ya dawo kungiyar ne a ranar 11 ga watan Nuwamba a wasan share fage na Zagaye na 16 bayan nasarar da ci 3 da 0 akan Uzbekistan . Ya shigo matsayin maye gurbin Theyab Awana a rabi na biyu. Abdulrahman ya fara ne a karawar da UAE ta doke Kuwait da ci 2-0. A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, UAE ta tsallake zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida da ci 9-8 a kan Koriya ta Arewa (0-0 aet ), tare da Abdulrahman da ya ci kwallo a matsayin na biyar a fanareti Ya taimaka wa [[Ahmed Ali (footballer, born 1990)|Ahmed Ali shi]] ne kawai kwallon da ya ci a wasan don taimakawa tawagarsa nasarar cin karin lokaci da 0-1 akan Koriya ta Kudu . Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta ci [[Japan]] 1-0 a wasan karshe. === Kofin Asiya na AFC na 2011 === Abdulrahman shi ne mafi karancin shekaru a cikin tawagar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa da kuma dan wasa na bakwai a gasar. A wasansa na farko a hukumance a wata gasa ta kasa da kasa da Koriya ta Arewa, Abdulrahman ya shigo ne a madadin Ismail Matar a minti na 92 a wasan da aka tashi 0-0. A wasa na uku kuma na karshe a rukuni da [[Iran]] ya zo ne a madadin Ali Al-Wehaibi a minti na 53 a cikin rashin nasara 3-0. === Gasar Olympics ta 2012 === Abdulrahman ya wakilci kasarsa a Gasar Olympics ta bazara a [[Landan]] a shekarar 2012. A wasan farko da suka fafata da Uruguay wanda tawagarsa tayi rashin nasara daci 1-2. Bayan kammala wasan dan kasar Uruguay [[Luis Suárez|Luis Suarez ya]] sauya masa riga tare da shi. Ya kuma halarci wasan da aka buga da Burtaniya wanda ya haifar da rashin nasara daci 3-1 amma ya taimaka wajen zura kwallon kuma kamar yadda ya yi a wasan Uruguay ya mamaye wasan. Bayan wasan a cikin hira da mai tsaron bayan [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] Micah Richards ya ce Abdulrahman yana da kyakkyawar makoma a gaba, don ƙarawa Ryan Giggs ya je wurinsa zuwa dakin canzawa da kansa ya ba shi rigar wasansa. === Kofin Kogin Gulf na 21 === An saka sunan Abdulrahman a cikin tawagar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa don gasar Kofin Fasahar Arabian ta 21 a [[Baharen|Bahrain]] . A ranar 5 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2013, a wasan farko da suka doke Qatar, bayan Qatar ta jagoranci daga bugun fanareti, mintuna biyu tsakani Abdulrahaman ya zira kwallon da aka zura daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, kuma ita ce kwallo ta 800 da aka kafa a tarihin cin Kofin Gulf, kuma ya taimaka wa Mohamed Ahmed ya ci na uku. an lasa masa sunan gwarzon mai wasa. A wasa na gaba, Abdulrahaman ya taka rawa a raga na biyu don ciyar da tawagarsa zuwa Semi-final a wasan da suka doke Bahrain da ci 2-1. A wasan karshe na rukuni da Oman, ya fito daga benci maimakon Saeed Al-Kathiri a minti na 81, tare da ci 0-0. Ya sami damar kawo canji kuma ya sake daidaita yanayin tsakiyar a cikin mintuna 10 da suka gabata kuma ya ba tawagarsa jagora 2-0 a cikin minti biyu. A wasan kusa da na karshe, Abdulrahman ya taimakawa UAE zuwa wasan karshe, lokacin da ya taka rawar gani a wasan da suka doke Kuwait da ci 1 da 0. Ya taimakawa tawagarsa lashe gasar cin kofin Gulf bayan nasarar da suka samu akan Iraki daci 2-1 a wasan karshe, a minti na 28 Abdulrahman ya ci. An zaɓi shi a matsayin mutumin da ya fi dacewa da kuma Dan wasan Wasannin . === 2015–2016: Gasar cin Kofin Asiya ta AFC, Gasar Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2018 FIFA === An saka Abdulrahman a cikin jerin karshe na Mahdi Ali na gasar cin Kofin Asiya ta shekarar 2015 ta AFC . Ya fara wasan farko na UAE da Qatar wanda UAE ta lashe wasan da ci 4-1 kuma Abdulrahman ya taimaka aka zura kwallon farko. A wasa na gaba, da Bahrain, ya sake taimaka wa Ali Mabkhout don ci wa UAE kwallon farko a minti na 45. Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ce ta lashe wasan da ci 1-2 kuma ta tsallake zuwa zagayen gaba a karon farko tun shekarar 1996 . A karshen wasan, AFC ce ta bayyana Abdulrahman a matsayin mutumin da ya fi dacewa a wasan. Ya ƙare tare da taimako 4, haɗe tare da Massimo Luongo a matsayin mai taimakawa jagoran gasar. A ranar 3 ga watan Satumbar 2015, Abdulrahman ya bayar da taimako 6 don jagorantar UAE zuwa 10-0 a kan Malesiya a zagaye na biyu na cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA 2018, wanda ya sanya shi a matsayin mutumin da ya fi dacewa. == Salon wasa == Abdulrahman ya taka leda a matsayin dan wasan gefe, dan wasan tsakiya mai kai hare hare sannan kuma an san shi da wucewar wuce gona da iri, dribbling da kuma ikon kafa kwallaye. Yana da ikon sarrafa ball, daidaito da fasaha. Abdulrahman shima saitin da aka saita zai iya daukar kusurwa, fanareti kuma ance shi kwararre ne a harba kwallaye. == Wajan ƙwallon ƙafa == Omar Abdulrahman yana da ‘yan uwa mata biyu da kanne uku wadanda suma suna harkar kwallon kafa: Ahmed Abdulrahman wanda ya bugawa kungiyar Masfout wasa amma aikin nasa ya zo karshe saboda rauni. Khaled Abdulrahaman mai tsaron baya da kuma Mohamed Abdulrahaman dan wasan gaba duk suna taka leda a kungiyar Al Ain a yanzu. === Mai jarida === A cikin shekarar 2016, Kasuwancin Larabawa sun sanya Abdulrahman a matsayin 25 a cikin jerin Larabawa 100 mafi karfi a karkashin 40. A ranar 28 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 2013, an zabi Abdulrahman tare da mai sharhi kan wasanni Faris Awad a matsayin jakadu na Gasar Miliyan Miliyan. A watan Oktoban shekarar 2012, Abdulrahman ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da kamfanin kayan wasanni na Nike . A watan Afrilu shekarar 2013, Abdulrahman ya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya tare da Etisalat don zama jakadan alama kuma ya bayyana a kan tallansa na kasuwanci da na jama'a kuma ya zama jakada don abubuwan zamantakewa. An tabbatar da Abdulrahman a matsayin jakada da murfin gaba na Gabas ta Tsakiya na wasan Konami bidiyo Pro Evolution Soccer 2016 tare da [[Neymar|Neymar na]] [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] . === 2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup === A watan Yunin shekarar 2013, Kwamitin Shirye-shiryen Cikin Gida ya nada Abdulrahman a matsayin jakadan hukuma na Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA U-17 na shekarar 2013, wanda aka gudanar a Emirates. == Statisticsididdigar aiki == {{Updated|1 February 2021}}<ref name="Omar Career Stats">{{cite web| url = http://uae.agleague.ae/en/players/details.html?player_id=25793| title = Omar Career Stats| access-date = 17 January 2011| publisher = AGLeague.ae}}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Omar Abdulrahman Ahmed Al Raqi Al Amoudi">{{cite web | url = https://int.soccerway.com/players/omar--abdulrahman/64099/| title =Omar Abdulrahman Ahmed Al Raqi Al Amoudi| access-date= 17 January 2011 | publisher =soccerway.com}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="4" |League ! colspan="3" |Cup ! colspan="3" |League Cup ! colspan="3" |Asia ! colspan="3" |Other ! colspan="3" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Assists !Apps !Goals !Assists !Apps !Goals !Assists !Apps !Goals !Assists !Apps !Goals !Assists !Apps !Goals !Assists |- | rowspan="11" |Al Ain |2008–09 |Arabian Gulf League |6 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="3" |— |0 |0 |0 |8 |3 |1 |- |2009–10 |Arabian Gulf League |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="3" |— |3 |1 |0 |- |2010–11 |Arabian Gulf League |21 |8 |7 |2 |1 |0 |1 |0 |0 |5 |2 |1 | colspan="3" |— |29 |11 |8 |- |2011–12 |Arabian Gulf League |7 |2 |4 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="3" |— | colspan="3" |— |9 |2 |4 |- |2012–13 |Arabian Gulf League |22 |7 |12 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |6 |1 |4 |1 |0 |0 |31 |8 |16 |- |2013–14 |Arabian Gulf League |17 |1 |17 |3 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |7 |1 |4 |1 |0 |0 |28 |2 |23 |- |2014–15 |Arabian Gulf League |11 |3 |2 |2 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |10 |2 |6 |1 |0 |0 |24 |5 |9 |- |2015–16 |Arabian Gulf League |22 |2 |14 |2 |3 |0 |1 |0 |0 |14 |3 |7 |1 |0 |1 |40 |8 |22 |- |2016–17 |Arabian Gulf League |22 |6 |12 |2 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |10 |7 |7 | colspan="3" |— |34 |15 |19 |- |- |2017–18 |Arabian Gulf League |13 |5 |5 |3 |0 |6 |1 |0 |1 |8 |2 |1 | colspan="3" |— |25 |7 |13 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !142 !38 !74 !16 !6 !9 !8 !0 !1 !61 !18 !30 !4 !0 !1 !231 !62 !115 |- | rowspan="2" |[[Al Hilal SFC|Al Hilal]] |2018–19 |Professional League |5 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="3" |— |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |7 |1 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !5 !1 !1 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !2 !0 !0 !7 !1 !1 |- | rowspan="4" |Al Jazira |2019–20 |Arabian Gulf League |19 |3 |1 |1 |0 |0 |2 |1 |2 | colspan="3" |— | colspan="3" |— |22 |4 |3 |- |2020–21 |Arabian Gulf League |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="3" |— | colspan="3" |— |2 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !21 !3 !1 !1 !0 !0 !2 !1 !2 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !24 !4 !3 |- ! colspan="2" |Career total !168 !42 !76 !17 !6 !9 !10 !1 !3 !61 !18 !30 !6 !0 !1 !262 !67 !119 |} === Na duniya === {{Updated|2021}}<ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|id=41194|name=Omar Abdulrahman|accessdate=17 January 2011}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" !Teamungiyar ƙasa ! Lokaci ! Ayyuka ! Goals ! Taimaka |- | rowspan="3" | UAE U23 | 2010 | 4 | 0 | 1 |- | 2011 | 6 | 1 | 1 |- | 2012 | 3 | 0 | 2 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimla ! 13 ! 1 ! 4 |- | rowspan="12" | UAE |- | 2011 | 4 | 0 | 1 |- | 2012 | 5 | 2 | 2 |- | 2013 | 15 | 3 | 10 |- | 2014 | 2 | 1 | 2 |- | 2015 | 13 | 2 | 11 |- | 2016 | 13 | 1 | 3 |- | 2017 | 8 | 0 | 1 |- | 2018 | 8 | 2 | 2 |- | 2019 | 5 | 0 | 0 |- | 2020 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- | 2021 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimla ! 73 ! 11 ! 32 |} === Manufofin duniya === : ''Sakamakon sakamako da jerin jadawalin United Arab Emirates da farko.'' {| class="wikitable" !# ! Kwanan wata ! Wuri ! Kishiya ! Ci ! Sakamakon ! Gasa |- | 1. | 16 Oktoba 2012 | Filin wasa na Za'abeel, [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]] |</img> Bahrain | align="center" | '''6''' –2 | align="center" | 6-2 | Abokai |- | 2. | 25 Disamba 2012 | Filin wasa na kasa da kasa na Khalifa, [[Doha]] |</img> Yemen | align="center" | '''2''' –0 | align="center" | 2–0 | Abokai |- | 3. | 5 Janairu 2013 | Babban Filin Wasannin Khalifa, Garin Isa |</img> Qatar | align="center" | '''1''' –1 | align="center" | 3-1 | Kofin Gasar Larabawa na 21 |- | 4. | 18 Janairu 2013 | Filin wasa na kasa na Bahrain, Riffa |</img> Iraq | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | align="center" | 1-2 | Kofin Kogin Gulf na 21 |- | 5. | 15 Nuwamba 2013 | Filin wasa na Mohammed Bin Zayed, [[Abu Dhabi (birni)|Abu Dhabi]] |</img> Hong Kong | align="center" | '''3''' –0 | align="center" | 4-0 | Gasar cin Kofin Asiya ta 2015 AFC |- | 6. | 27 Mayu 2014 | Stade de la Fontenette, Carouge |</img> Armeniya | align="center" | '''2''' –2 | align="center" | 3-4 | Abokai |- | 7. | 16 Yuni 2015 | Filin wasa na Shah Alam, Shah Alam |</img> Timor-Leste | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | align="center" | 1 - 0 | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2018 |- | 8. | 17 Nuwamba 2015 | Filin wasa na Shah Alam, Shah Alam |</img> Malesiya | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | align="center" | 1-2 | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2018 |- | 9. | 29 Maris 2016 | Filin wasa na Mohammed Bin Zayed, Abu Dhabi |</img> Saudi Arabiya | align="center" | '''1''' –1 | align="center" | 1–1 | Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 2018 |- | 10. | 11 Satumba 2018 | Estadi Palamós Costa Brava, Palamós |</img> Laos | align="center" | '''3''' –0 | align="center" | 3-0 | Abokai |- | 11. | 11 Oktoba 2018 | Estadi Olímpic Lluís, [[Barcelona]] |</img> Honduras | align="center" | '''1''' –1 | align="center" | 1–1 | Abokai |- |} == Daraja == {{Col-begin}} {{Col-2}} ===Club=== ;Al Ain *[[UAE Pro-League]]: [[2011–12 UAE Pro-League|2011–12]], [[2012–13 UAE Pro-League|2012–13]], [[2014–15 Arabian Gulf League|2014–15]], [[2017–18 UAE Pro-League|2017–18]] *[[UAE League Cup]]: [[2008–09 Etisalat Emirates Cup|2008–09]] *[[UAE Super Cup]]: [[UAE Super Cup|2009]], [[UAE Super Cup|2012]], [[UAE Super Cup|2015]] *[[UAE President's Cup]]: [[2008–09 UAE President's Cup|2008–09]], [[2013–14 UAE President's Cup|2013–14]], [[2017–18 UAE President's Cup|2017–18]] ;Al Hilal * [[Saudi Super Cup]]: [[2018 Saudi Super Cup|2018]] ===International=== ;UAE Youth *[[GCC U-23 Championship]]: [[2010 Under 23 Gulf Cup of Nations|2010]] ;UAE *[[Arabian Gulf Cup]]: [[2013 Gulf Cup of Nations|2013]] {{Col-end}} === Kowane mutum === * Al Ain International U-17 Player na Gasar: 2008, 2009 * Matashin Dan Wasa na Shekara : 2009, 2011 * Al-Ahram Matashin dan wasan larabawa na Shekara : 2010 * Kofin Golf na Larabawa MVP : 2013 * Al Hadath Al Riyadi Matashin dan wasan larabawa na Shekara: 2013 * AGL Fans 'Gwarzon Gwarzon shekara : 2012–13 * Emirati Player na Gwarzo : 2013 * OSN Cup MVP: 2013 * Kungiyar AFC Champions League Dream Team : 2014 * AGL Emirati Gwarzon Gwarzo : 2012–13, 2014–15, 2015-16, 2017–18 * Gulfasashen Larabawa na Leagueasar Larabawa Masu Taimakawa: 2013-14, 2015-16 * Cungiyar AFC ta Asiya ta Asiya : 2015 * Dan wasan larabawa Al-Ahram na Shekara : 2015, 2016 * Dan wasan larabawan Mars d'Or na Shekara: 2015 * AFC Gasar Zakarun Turai Mafi Kyawun Playerwallon : 2016 * Gwarzon dan kwallon Asiya na Shekara : 2016 * ABA Arab Player of the Year: 2016 * GSA Mafi Kyawun Player a cikin GCC : 2016 * Fans din gasar cin kofin zakarun Asiya XI: 2016 == Bayanan kula ==   == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Omar Abdulrahman * {{Twitter}} </img> *   * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170702081541/http://www.uaefa.ae/en/index.php?go=players&more=8 Bayanin UAEFA] * {{NFT player|41194}} * {{FIFA player|307150}} * Omar Abdulrahman * {{Soccerway|omar—abdulrahman/64099}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1991]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9nffultka3vy5o1h13pze0m4vykvnm5 4 21908 863533 862479 2026-06-21T21:26:24Z AmmarBot 13973 Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci 863533 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shafin ya na ƙunshe da sabbin editocin da sukayi rajista a Hausa Wikipedia. Robot yana sabunta wannan shafin duk bayan wasu sa'o'i. Kada ku gyara wannan shafin, duk chanjin da akayi, robot zaya yi overwriting din shi a lokacin sabunta shafin. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Numba !Edita !Gudummuwa !Lokacin rajista |- |1 |[[User:Mallamson|Mallamson]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mallamson|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 18 ga Yuni 2026 |- |2 |[[User:Salarabdolmohamadian|Salarabdolmohamadian]] |[[Special:Contributions/Salarabdolmohamadian|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 18 ga Yuni 2026 |- |3 |[[User:Mijkuo|Mijkuo]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mijkuo|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 18 ga Yuni 2026 |- |4 |[[User:Armanaziz|Armanaziz]] |[[Special:Contributions/Armanaziz|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |5 |[[User:Publicwalrus|Publicwalrus]] |[[Special:Contributions/Publicwalrus|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |6 |[[User:Usernamemerish|Usernamemerish]] |[[Special:Contributions/Usernamemerish|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |7 |[[User:Damnum|Damnum]] |[[Special:Contributions/Damnum|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |8 |[[User:Abdullahi Aduwa|Abdullahi Aduwa]] |[[Special:Contributions/Abdullahi Aduwa|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |9 |[[User:Dilan Chryshantha|Dilan Chryshantha]] |[[Special:Contributions/Dilan Chryshantha|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |10 |[[User:MRL2026|MRL2026]] |[[Special:Contributions/MRL2026|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |11 |[[User:Bumpf|Bumpf]] |[[Special:Contributions/Bumpf|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |12 |[[User:Mustapha Usman Hassan|Mustapha Usman Hassan]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mustapha Usman Hassan|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |13 |[[User:Smartchris999|Smartchris999]] |[[Special:Contributions/Smartchris999|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |14 |[[User:Angeladamu|Angeladamu]] |[[Special:Contributions/Angeladamu|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |15 |[[User:Rama4EL|Rama4EL]] |[[Special:Contributions/Rama4EL|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |16 |[[User:Obuag|Obuag]] |[[Special:Contributions/Obuag|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |17 |[[User:Tanizakariya|Tanizakariya]] |[[Special:Contributions/Tanizakariya|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |18 |[[User:Redondo al cuadrado|Redondo al cuadrado]] |[[Special:Contributions/Redondo al cuadrado|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |19 |[[User:Momi Hauwa|Momi Hauwa]] |[[Special:Contributions/Momi Hauwa|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |20 |[[User:Modyibrahem260|Modyibrahem260]] |[[Special:Contributions/Modyibrahem260|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |21 |[[User:Michaelt1964|Michaelt1964]] |[[Special:Contributions/Michaelt1964|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |22 |[[User:𠥼迚 圕|𠥼迚 圕]] |[[Special:Contributions/𠥼迚 圕|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |23 |[[User:Hamman123|Hamman123]] |[[Special:Contributions/Hamman123|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |24 |[[User:Abduljabbar Adam|Abduljabbar Adam]] |[[Special:Contributions/Abduljabbar Adam|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |25 |[[User:Yohan Anthony Sunanda|Yohan Anthony Sunanda]] |[[Special:Contributions/Yohan Anthony Sunanda|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |26 |[[User:ImSnot|ImSnot]] |[[Special:Contributions/ImSnot|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |27 |[[User:The Crawler|The Crawler]] |[[Special:Contributions/The Crawler|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |28 |[[User:Amaka of God|Amaka of God]] |[[Special:Contributions/Amaka of God|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 19 ga Yuni 2026 |- |29 |[[User:SomePacifisticGuy|SomePacifisticGuy]] |[[Special:Contributions/SomePacifisticGuy|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |30 |[[User:Fablicio Soares|Fablicio Soares]] |[[Special:Contributions/Fablicio Soares|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |31 |[[User:Gileselig|Gileselig]] |[[Special:Contributions/Gileselig|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |32 |[[User:KudamonoRabbit|KudamonoRabbit]] |[[Special:Contributions/KudamonoRabbit|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |33 |[[User:Snusho|Snusho]] |[[Special:Contributions/Snusho|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |34 |[[User:Binbasiru|Binbasiru]] |[[Special:Contributions/Binbasiru|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |35 |[[User:NafisatSaleh|NafisatSaleh]] |[[Special:Contributions/NafisatSaleh|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |36 |[[User:Istimicah|Istimicah]] |[[Special:Contributions/Istimicah|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |37 |[[User:Namir hosein|Namir hosein]] |[[Special:Contributions/Namir hosein|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |38 |[[User:Isanwanka|Isanwanka]] |[[Special:Contributions/Isanwanka|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |39 |[[User:RitterRoland|RitterRoland]] |[[Special:Contributions/RitterRoland|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |40 |[[User:PA-811|PA-811]] |[[Special:Contributions/PA-811|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |41 |[[User:Made-upsource|Made-upsource]] |[[Special:Contributions/Made-upsource|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |42 |[[User:Pxnaval|Pxnaval]] |[[Special:Contributions/Pxnaval|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |43 |[[User:Michaelmills293|Michaelmills293]] |[[Special:Contributions/Michaelmills293|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |44 |[[User:NarcisoFan2026|NarcisoFan2026]] |[[Special:Contributions/NarcisoFan2026|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |45 |[[User:Noesis~itwiki|Noesis~itwiki]] |[[Special:Contributions/Noesis~itwiki|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |46 |[[User:Wikifootix|Wikifootix]] |[[Special:Contributions/Wikifootix|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |47 |[[User:JoeJohnson2|JoeJohnson2]] |[[Special:Contributions/JoeJohnson2|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |48 |[[User:Psscat0509|Psscat0509]] |[[Special:Contributions/Psscat0509|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |49 |[[User:Johannes Rohr|Johannes Rohr]] |[[Special:Contributions/Johannes Rohr|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |50 |[[User:Детекруг|Детекруг]] |[[Special:Contributions/Детекруг|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |51 |[[User:Raufaser32|Raufaser32]] |[[Special:Contributions/Raufaser32|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |52 |[[User:Habibou Moussa|Habibou Moussa]] |[[Special:Contributions/Habibou Moussa|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |53 |[[User:JohnWolugbom|JohnWolugbom]] |[[Special:Contributions/JohnWolugbom|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |54 |[[User:Funktsionalism-modernism|Funktsionalism-modernism]] |[[Special:Contributions/Funktsionalism-modernism|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |55 |[[User:Aishatu98|Aishatu98]] |[[Special:Contributions/Aishatu98|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 20 ga Yuni 2026 |- |56 |[[User:Tayeb2026|Tayeb2026]] |[[Special:Contributions/Tayeb2026|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |57 |[[User:AO-777-1008|AO-777-1008]] |[[Special:Contributions/AO-777-1008|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |58 |[[User:Maryam Magaje|Maryam Magaje]] |[[Special:Contributions/Maryam Magaje|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |59 |[[User:Yusuf Murja|Yusuf Murja]] |[[Special:Contributions/Yusuf Murja|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |60 |[[User:Wiilhoog4|Wiilhoog4]] |[[Special:Contributions/Wiilhoog4|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |61 |[[User:JustDavid007|JustDavid007]] |[[Special:Contributions/JustDavid007|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |62 |[[User:Sofiudurojaiye|Sofiudurojaiye]] |[[Special:Contributions/Sofiudurojaiye|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |63 |[[User:Shmyas|Shmyas]] |[[Special:Contributions/Shmyas|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |64 |[[User:Grafeius|Grafeius]] |[[Special:Contributions/Grafeius|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |65 |[[User:Captainib392186|Captainib392186]] |[[Special:Contributions/Captainib392186|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |66 |[[User:PeriodicEditor|PeriodicEditor]] |[[Special:Contributions/PeriodicEditor|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |67 |[[User:Konekiväärikomppania|Konekiväärikomppania]] |[[Special:Contributions/Konekiväärikomppania|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |68 |[[User:DAUDA M Sani|DAUDA M Sani]] |[[Special:Contributions/DAUDA M Sani|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |69 |[[User:Musa sofiyyullahi ishola|Musa sofiyyullahi ishola]] |[[Special:Contributions/Musa sofiyyullahi ishola|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |70 |[[User:Kunglao2501|Kunglao2501]] |[[Special:Contributions/Kunglao2501|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |71 |[[User:Bs1jac|Bs1jac]] |[[Special:Contributions/Bs1jac|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |72 |[[User:Amattan|Amattan]] |[[Special:Contributions/Amattan|Gudummuwa]] |Lahadi, 21 ga Yuni 2026 |- |} 674usbutlw99x57cil1qi8208k33iv4 0 22227 863393 836830 2026-06-21T17:42:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Na'ima B Robert''' (an haife ta a '''Thando Nomhle McLaren''' ; ranar 19 ga watan Satumba shekarar 1977) marubuciya ce ta wallafe-wallafen al'adu da yawa kuma edita ce ta buga mujallar mata Musulmai mazauna Burtaniya, ''SISTERS Magazine'' . An haife ta a [[Leeds]] ga mahaifinsa ɗan Scotland kuma mahaifiyarsa Zulu, dukansu daga Afirka ta Kudu, Robert ya girma a Zimbabwe kuma ya halarci jami'a a Ingila. Ta [[Musulunci|musulunta ne]] a shekara tar 1998. A halin yanzu Robert yana raba lokacinta tsakanin birnin London da Alkahira tare da sonsa sonsanta maza uku da mata biyu. Mijinta Henry Amankwah ya mutu a watan Afrilu shekarar 2015. == Rayuwar farko == Iyalin Na'ima B. Robert sun ƙaura daga Ingila zuwa Habasha lokacin da take 'yar shekara biyu sannan kuma shekaru huɗu daga baya suka koma Zimbabwe inda Robert ya sami karatun firamare. Robert ya kasance yana da matsakaiciyar yarinya tare da ƙannenta da ƙanwarsa a cikin ƙauyukan babban birnin [[Harare]] . Baya ga nutsuwa cikin al'adun Zimbabwe, iyayen Robert sun cusa wa yaran asalinsu na Afirka ta Kudu da kuma wayewar siyasa. {{Sfn|Robert|2005}} Mahaifinta, Robert McLaren, ya kasance babban malami a Jami’ar Zimbabwe kuma mahaifiyarsa, Thembi McLaren, ’yar kasuwa ce. Bayan kammala karatun sakandare a Zimbabwe, Robert ta koma Ingila don karatun jami'a kuma ya sami digiri na farko a Jami'ar London . == Juyawa == A lokacin karatunta na jami'a Na'ima B. Robert ta yi tafiya zuwa Masar a matsayin mawaƙiya kuma mai raira waƙoƙin gargajiya ta Zimbabwe a wani bikin kiɗe-kiɗe. Abinda ta fara yi game da ''hijabi da'' mata musulmai ya kamata ta "firgita" amma daga karshe ta tambayi wata kyakkyawar mace 'yar kasar Egypt me yasa zata zabi rufe kyawunta:' Saboda, 'in ji ta,' Ina son a yanke min hukunci game da abin da na fada da abin da nake yi, ba don yadda nake kama ba. " {{Sfn|Robert|2005}} Bayan musayar su Na'ima B. Robert ta ce," Na fara tunani game da rayuwata, game da hoton kaina da yadda nake son in girma da ci gaba. " Na'ima B. Robert ta koma Landan ta fara karatun [[Al Kur'ani|Kur'ani]] na Marmaduke Pickthall, tana koyo game da addinin Islama da [[Shari'a|shari'ar Musulunci]], kuma ta ba da "suturar da ta dace ta gwada." {{Sfn|Robert|2005}} A cikin Kirsimeti biki da cewa wannan shekarar Robert tafiya zuwa "Muslim Afirka, to Guinea" inda ta gano cewa, "Kamar yadda wani har yanzu steeped a cikin akida na Black kishin kasa, wadannan musulmi kira ga kaina Afirka ainihi da kuma ta hankali na Black girman kai . " {{Sfn|Robert|2005}} A Guinea Robert ta fara yin salloli biyar na musulinci, yayi azumi a watan Ramadan sannan bayan ta dawo Landan ta sanar da ''[[shahada]]'' (bayyana addinin Musulunci) a shekarar 1998. == Writing career == === Almara === Bayan koyarwa a aji kuma ta kafa makarantar gida mai zaman kansa, Robert ya fara rubuta littattafan hoto na al'adu da dama tare da [[Musulmi|jigogin musulmai]] ga yara. Littafinta na hoto na farko, ''The Swirling Hijab'', an saka shi cikin shirin Booktrust . Littattafan hoto na Na'ima B. Robert da almara na samari sun sami ɗaukaka kara don karɓar shigar da su cikin tsarin jihar, kamar makarantu da horar da al'adu iri daban-daban, kuma an yarda da su a matsayin tatsuniyoyin Islama a tsakanin Musulmi. {{Sfn|East Sussex|2008}} {{Sfn|Khwaja|2009|}} A yau ta buga littattafan hoto goma sha uku don yara, da yawa ana amfani da su a cikin saitunan yare biyu kuma ana buga su a cikin harsuna 31, da suka haɗa da Tamil, Kurdish, Portuguese, Japanese, Russian, Yoruba, Czech, Larabci, Yaren mutanen Poland, China, Urdu, Panjabi, Faransanci, Swahili da kuma Farisi. ''An ba da Tafiya Ta Hanyar Islama'' ta theungiyar Trustungiyar Ilimi ta UKasa ta Burtaniya WOW! Kyauta don taken Yarin ya mafi kyau. Bayan nasarar da ta samu a tarihin rayuwarta, ''Daga Leben 'Yan Uwana Mata'', Robert ya fara rubuta samari (YA) tatsuniyar Islama . Littafin ta na YA na farko, ''Daga Somalia, Tare da wasauna'' ya samo asali ne daga ƙarshen mako tare da ƙungiyar matasan Somaliya, waɗanda Somaliungiyar Haɗin Haɗin Somaliya suka shirya. {{Sfn|Robert|2008-4|}} ''Daga Somalia, Tare da isauna'' ɗayan thean litattafan da ake samu tare da haruffa da batutuwa Musulmai na Somaliya. {{Sfn|Rawe|2009|}} An saka shi a cikin kundin makaranta na ranar Littattafai na Duniya na shekara ta 2009 kuma an daɗe da jerin sunayen don Associationungiyar Liteungiyar Ilimi da Ilimin Kingdomasar Ingila . Robert na biyu YA labari, ''Yaro vs.'' ''Yarinya'', ta kalubalanci samfuran da aka saba da su game da matasa Musulmai a Biritaniya kuma ta fito da fitowar mai zane -zanen zane-zanen Musulunci na Urban Muhammed 'Aerosol Arabic' Ali. {{Sfn|Ahmed|2010|}} taken Robert na na uku YA, ''Far Daga Gida'', almarar tatsuniya ce ta tarihi da aka saita a Zimbabwe kuma an nuna ta a cikin bikin Fitowa na Fage na shekara ta 2011 a Landan. A cikin shekarar 2005 wakili Robert ta ƙarfafa ta ta rubuta tarihin rayuwar wanda ya zama fitacciyar Musulma ta ƙasa da ƙasa ''Daga psan Uwana Mata'' . Baya ga zama abin tunawa, ''Daga bakin 'Yan Uwana Mata'' ya hada da labarin wasu da yawa da suka tuba kuma suka koma ga addinin Musulunci, ''"[Daga Lebukan' Yan Uwana Mata] a'' bayyane yake bayanin yadda ake juyawa daga ra'ayi na farko ta hanyar juyawa, hijabi, da hanyar aure a musulunce. Yana buɗe ƙofofi don hanyoyin tunani na sirri da gwagwarmaya waɗanda ke fuskantar sabbin musulmai kuma yana sa mai wuyar fahimta har ma da ban dariya. ''Daga Leben 'Yan Uwana Mata'' an fassara kuma an buga su cikin Larabci. Kamar yadda suka kafa kuma editan mujallar mata ta Musulmai ta ''SISTERS da'' ke zaune a Burtaniya, Robert da wadanda suka ba da gudummawar mujallar sun himmatu wajen magance batutuwan da ba a yarda da su ba a tsakanin al'ummar Musulmai, kamar cin zarafin yara, zubar da ciki, tashin hankali a cikin gida, bakin ciki da kuma al'amura na ganin girman kai a tsakanin Matan musulmai. Robert ya bada goyan baya da kuma kulla kawance tsakanin mujallar SISTERS da kuma kungiyoyin kungiyoyin musulmai da yawa, kamar su Mercy Mission UK, Solace, Nour DV, The Muslim Youth Helpline and Rabin Date. Baya ga rubuta edita na kowane bugun ''mujallar SISTERS'', Robert yana rubuta labarai game da addinin Islama da kuma alamura da suka shafi musulmi, kamar Ramadan, ranakun hutu na musulmai, hijabi (gyale na Musulunci) da niqāb (fuskar fuskar Musulunci) don manyan wallafe-wallafe, gami da ''The Times'' Online, ''Jaridar The Times'', da ''The Observer'' . Robert ya yi magana da masu sauraro game da batutuwan da suka shafi Musulmi a ''ranar Lahadi da safe ta'' BBC, ''Sa’ar Mata'', Rediyon London, Channel 5, ''Newsnight'', BBC Asian Network, GMT tare da Lorraine Kelly, da kuma ''The Moral Maze na'' BBC Radio 4. A shekarar 2014 ta kaddamar da taken Yabo mai matukar karbuwa, ''She Wore Red Trainers'', labarin soyayya wanda ya gano asalin Musulmai. == Niqāb == Robert is a full-time observer of the ''niqāb'' (Islamic face-veil) and a vocal advocate for women's right to choose to fully cover. Soon after becoming Muslim in 1998 Robert began to wear the niqāb full-time in 1999. In her memoir, ''From My Sisters' Lips'', Robert explained the effect of wearing niqāb, "[The covered woman] cannot be judged on her appearance because nothing personal about her can be seen...She does not feel the need to live up to society's changing expectations of women's bodies...So whoever relates to her must relate to what she has presented – be it what she says, does or thinks."{{Sfn|Robert|2005}} Robert is one of the founding members of Veiled Justice and has represented the East London Mosque on Muslim women's issues. She has spoken in support of the niqāb in numerous British media, including ''The Telegraph'', BBC News, ''The Times Online'', BBC Radio 4's ''The Moral Maze'' and Channel 4's ''Undercover Mosque'' series; as well as speaking to Muslim and international media outlets, such as for Islam Channel and AIM TV.{{Sfn|Sawyer|2006|}}{{Sfn|Suleaman|2007|}} {{Sfn|Bryony|2005|}}{{Sfn|Channel 4|2008|}} Robert's saurayin kirkirarren labarin almara ne ''Boy vs.'' ''Yarinya ta'' hada da halin sanya niqabi, Anti Najma. Halin na Auntie Najma ya kasance an soki lamirin ta da kyau kuma mai kyau a matsayin mai nuna hoto mara kyau ko a matsayin kyakkyawan abin koyi ga matasa musulmai. {{Sfn|Umm Imran|2009|}} Robert ya ce Anti Najma, kamar sauran halayen, haɗakar 'yan'uwa mata ne da ta sani da kaina. {{Sfn|Saya|2010|}} == Bibliography == === Littattafan hoto === * ''Hijaab mai lilo'' (Mantra Lingua, 2002, takarda)   * ''Tafiya Ta Hanyar Muslunci'' (Mantra Lingua, 2005, mai rufin asiri)   * ''Barka da zuwa Jaririn Duniya'' (Mantra Lingua, 2005, paperback)   * ''Yum!'' ''Mu Ci!'' (Mantra Lingua, 2008, takarda)   * ''Watan Ramadan'' (Frances Lincoln, 2009, mai rufin asiri)   === An buga shi a matsayin Thando McLaren === * ''Haruffa A Duk Duniya'' (Littattafan Tango, 2004, mai rufin asiri)   * ''Duk Gidajen Gida'' (Littattafan Tango, 2005, mai rufin asiri)   * ''My Day, My Way'' (Littattafan Tango, 2005, masu rufin asiri)   * ''Duk nau'ikan sufuri'' (Littattafan Tango, 2006, mai rufin asiri)   * ''Farautar Kasuwanci: Tafiya a Lokaci'' (Littattafan Tango, 2008, mai kwalliya)   * ''My Around the World Scrapbook'' (Tango Books, 2008, mai rufin asiri)   === Young adult fiction === * ''Daga Somalia, tare da Loveauna'' (Frances Lincoln, 2009, takarda)   * ''Yaro vs.'' ''Yarinya'' (Frances Lincoln, 2010, takarda)   * ''Nesa Daga Gida'' (Frances Lincoln, 2011, paperback)   * ''Black Tumaki'' (2013) * ''Ta Ci Red Masu Koyarwa: Labarin Soyayyar Musulmai'' (Kube Publishing Ltd, 2014, paperback)   === Ba-almara === * ''Daga Leben 'Yan Uwana Mata'' (Bantam Press, 2005, hardcover)   == Bayanan kula ==   == Manazarta == * Ahmed, Yusuf (26 Oktoba 2010), ''[http://www.campusalam.org/contributions/2010/Sep/01/wanted-role-models.html Wanda ake nema: Matsayi a Matsayi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031061708/http://www.campusalam.org/contributions/2010/Sep/01/wanted-role-models.html |date=2016-10-31 }}'', [http://www.campusalam.org/ Campus Islam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027051046/http://www.campusalam.org/ |date=2016-10-27 }}, an dawo da 9 Yuni 2011 * Bovey Alhakawati, Nicole (29 Afrilu 2007), ''[http://onislam.net/english/reading-islam/living-islam/personal-stories/in-their-own-words/420877.html Nazarin Littafin: Daga]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184926/http://onislam.net/english/reading-islam/living-islam/personal-stories/in-their-own-words/420877.html |date=2021-07-09 }}'' Leben 'Yan Uwana Mata, [http://onislam.net/english/ Kan Musulunci] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110602114320/http://www.onislam.net/english/ |date=2011-06-02 }}, an dawo da 9 Yuni 2011 * Channel 4 (2008), ''[http://www.channel4.com/programmes/dispatches/episode-guide/series-24/episode-1 Masallacin Boye]'', Channel 4 Dispatches, an dawo da shi 9 Yuni 2011 * Chowdhury, Lothifa (20 ga Yuni 2008), ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20120325044359/http://www.somalialove.com/muslimweekly.pdf Tatsuniyar 'yar Somalia]'', Musulma Mako-mako, an dawo da 9 Yuni 2011 * East Sussex County Council Fostering Service (2008), [http://www.eastsussex.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/FC879103-C788-49DA-98D9-751F3C18CE25/0/Blackandethnicminorityfostering.pdf ''Baki da Blackan tsirarun Foan Ra'ayi''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120906030754/http://www.eastsussex.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/FC879103-C788-49DA-98D9-751F3C18CE25/0/Blackandethnicminorityfostering.pdf |date=2012-09-06 }}, [http://www.eastsussex.gov.uk/childrenandfamilies/childrenincare/fostering/default.htm Susarfafa Susan Majalisar Karamar Hukumar Gabas Sussex] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150613000451/http://www.eastsussex.gov.uk/childrenandfamilies/childrenincare/fostering/default.htm |date=2015-06-13 }}, an dawo da su 9 Yuni 2011 * Bryony Gordon (25 Afrilu 2005), ''[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/3641016/That-Muslim-woman-could-be-happier-than-you....html Cewa Mace Musulma zata Iya Farin Ciki Da Ku]'', The Telegraph, an dawo da 9 Yuni 2011 * Khan, Rahla (19 ga watan Yulin 2010), ''[http://www.a1saudiarabia.com/Theres-way-more-to-the-world-than-Mtv/ Akwai Hanyar da tafi Duniya fiye da MTV] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903021913/http://www.a1saudiarabia.com/Theres-way-more-to-the-world-than-Mtv/ |date=2011-09-03 }}'', [http://www.a1saudiarabia.com/ Labaran A1 na Saudi Arabia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202225554/http://www.a1saudiarabia.com/ |date=2020-02-02 }}, da aka dawo da 9 Yuni 2011 * Khwaja, Ayman (Satumba 2009, Fitowa ta 60), ''[http://www.emel.com/article?id=85&a_id=1524&c=25 Nazarin Littattafai: Ramadan Moon]'', emel, an dawo da shi 9 Yuni 2011 * Halal Rayuwa (5 ga Afrilu 2008), ''[http://www.islamictube.com/watch/314b1c5817fa45e9f25f/Facing-the-challenges,-savoring-the-triumphs---life-of-a-new Fuskantar Kalubale, Farin Cikin Nasara: Rayuwar Sabon Musulmi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313084630/http://www.islamictube.com/watch/314b1c5817fa45e9f25f/Facing-the-challenges,-savoring-the-triumphs---life-of-a-new |date=2012-03-13 }}'', Bidiyon Ummah, an dawo da 10 ga Yuni 2011 * Nour DV ''[http://nour-dv.org.uk/supporters/ Nour DV Masu tallafawa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709191655/http://www.nour-dv.org.uk/supporters/ |date=2021-07-09 }}'', an dawo da su 10 Yuni 2011 * Rawe, Julie (29 Afrilu 2009), ''[http://muslimvoices.org/book-review-somalia-love/ Nazarin Littafin: Daga Somalia, Tare da Loveauna] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109055958/http://muslimvoices.org/book-review-somalia-love/ |date=2017-11-09 }}'', [http://muslimvoices.org/ Muryoyin Musulmai], an dawo da su 9 Yuni 2011 * Robert, Na'ima B. (2006), [https://books.google.com/books?id=ELsWAAAACAAJ&dq=from+my+sisters+lips&hl=en&src=bmrr&ei=v8rwTc-zLYKo8APJy6j3Aw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA ''Daga'']{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Bakin 'Yan Uwana Mata, Littattafan Bantam,  , an dawo da 9 Yuni 2011 * Robert, Na'ima B. (18 Afrilu 2008), ''[http://fromsomalia-withlove.blogspot.com/2008/04/inspiration-in-countryside.html Wahayi a Karkara]{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}'' Daga Somaliya, Tare da Blogaunar Blogspot, an dawo da 9 Yuni 2011 * Robert, Na'ima B. (1 ga Yuni 2008), ''[https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2008/jun/01/britishidentity.islam1?INTCMP=SRCH Haske mai ban mamaki a cikin Talakawa Amma Rayuka masu ban mamaki]'', The Guardian, an dawo da 9 Yuni 2011 * Robert, Na'ima B. (25 Yuli 2008), ''[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article4400089.ece Bayan Mayafin: Littafin Layi na Wata Mace Musulma 'Yar Burtaniya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081007103403/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article4400089.ece |date=2008-10-07 }}'', The Times Online, an dawo da 9 Yuni 2011 * Sawyer, Miranda (22 ga Oktoba 2006), ''[https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2006/oct/22/radio?INTCMP=SRCH Kayan Alatu da Walkin Duck]'', Rediyon Guardian "Moral Maze", an dawo da shi 9 ga Yuni 2011 * Saya (12 Yuli 2010), ''[http://therockpool.wordpress.com/2010/07/12/naima-b-robert-on-boy-vs-girl-and-a-giveaway/#comment-1766 Na'ima B Robert akan 'Boy vs.]'' ''[http://therockpool.wordpress.com/2010/07/12/naima-b-robert-on-boy-vs-girl-and-a-giveaway/#comment-1766 Girl ']'', The Rockpool, an dawo da su 10 Yuni 2011 * ''[http://www.solaceuk.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=86&Itemid=27 Ta'aziyya na Taimakawa Ga 'Yan Uwa Mata da ke cikin Wahala]'', an dawo da su 10 Yuni 2011 * Suleaman, Nasreen (5 ga Nuwamba 2006), ''[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6117480.stm Yadda]'' Amsoshin Ra'ayoyin suka Itsarfafa Tallafinta, Labaran BBC, aka dawo dasu 9 Yuni 2011 * Umm Imran (10 Agusta 2010), ''[http://www.mumandmuslim.com/reviews/194-boy-vs-girl.html Sharhin Littafin: Yaro vs.]{{Dead link|date=December 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}'' ''[http://www.mumandmuslim.com/reviews/194-boy-vs-girl.html Yarinya]{{Dead link|date=December 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}'', [http://www.mumandmuslim.com/ Mama da Mujallar Musulmai] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010205712/http://mumandmuslim.com/ |date=2016-10-10 }}, an sake dawo da su 9 Yuni 2011 == External links == * [https://www.naimarobert.com/ Naima B. Robert shafin yanar gizo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185030/https://www.naimarobert.com/ |date=2021-07-09 }} * [http://sister-magazine.com/ SISTERS Magazine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129152047/http://sister-magazine.com/ |date=2018-11-29 }} * [http://www.far-from-home.com/ Nesa Da Gida] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102224736/http://www.far-from-home.com/ |date=2011-11-02 }} * [http://www.kubepublishing.com/authors/naima-b-robert-7/ Marubucin Tarihi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013013447/http://www.kubepublishing.com/authors/naima-b-robert-7/ |date=2017-10-13 }} [[Category:Haifaffun 1977]] 6b71y18gjwdo39ovz4sqc3xxwrk9wk4 0 22336 863606 536368 2026-06-22T05:21:45Z Nura Bello 24854 863606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox organization|name=International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies|abbreviation=I. F.R.C|type=[[Humanitarian aid]] [[organization]]|headquarters=[[Geneva]], Switzerland|membership=|language=<!-- official languages -->|budget=495,444,000 CHF<ref>{{cite web |url=https://media.ifrc.org/ifrc/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2018/04/IFRC-Report-2017.pdf |title=Independent Auditors’ Report |date=2017 |website=media.ifrc.org |format=PDF |access-date=2020-03-28 |archive-date=2020-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126114835/https://media.ifrc.org/ifrc/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2018/04/IFRC-Report-2017.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} [[File:Henry_Davison.jpg|thumb| Henry Pomeroy Davison, mahaifin kafa kungiyar ofungiyoyin Crossungiyar Red Cross. ]] '''Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Bada Agajin Gaggawa Ga Mutane''' ( '''IFRC''' ) ƙungiya ce ta taimakon agaji a duniya da ke kaiwa ga mutane miliyan 160 kowace shekara ta hanyar 192 ƙungiyoyin na Duniya ta 192. .Tana aiki kafin, lokacin da kuma bayan bala'i da na gaggawa don biyan buƙatu da haɓaka rayuwar mutane masu rauni. Yana yin hakan ba tare da nuna wariya ba game da ƙasa, launin fata, jinsi, imanin addini, aji da ra'ayoyin siyasa. IFRC wani ɓangare ne na Ƙungiyar agaji ta Red Cross da Red Crescent Movement tare da [[Kungiyar Agaji Ta Red Cross Ta Duniya|Kwamitin Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Red Cross]] (ICRC) da kuma National ƙungiyoyin 192 asa na 192. Thearfin IFRC ya ta'allaka ne da hanyar sadarwar sa kai, ƙwarewar al'umma da 'yanci da tsaka tsaki. Yana aiki don inganta ƙa'idodin agaji, a matsayin abokan haɗin gwiwa a cikin ci gaba da kuma magance bala'i. Yana lallashe masu yanke shawara suyi aiki don buƙatun mutane masu rauni. Yana aiki don ba da ƙarfi ga al'ummomin lafiya da aminci, rage lahani, ƙarfafa ƙarfi da haɓaka al'adun zaman lafiya a duniya. == Tarihi == === Kafata === [[File:Health & Nutrition.jpg|thumb|Kiyaye Lafiya]] A ranar 5 ga watan Mayun shekara sta 1919, bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Farko]], wakilai daga Ƙungiyoyin Red Cross ta liedasashen Allied Powers (Masarautar Ingila, Faransa, Italiya, Japan, da Amurka) sun hallara a Paris don kafa kungiyar Red Cross (LORCS) ) wanda burinta ya bayyana shine "karfafawa da hadin kai, don ayyukan kiwon lafiya, kungiyoyin da ke da kungiyar Red Cross da kuma inganta ƙirƙirar sabbin Kungiyoyi". Henry P. Davison ne, wanda a lokacin shine shugaban kwamitin Red Cross na Amurka “Kwamitin Yaki”, da wannan shirin tare da goyon bayan Woodrow Wilson, Shugaban Amurka na Amurka. Janar David Benden ne ya taimaka wa Davison wanda ya zama Babban Darakta na farko. Wannan sabuwar tarayyar ta ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar ta faɗaɗa aikin ƙasa da ƙasa na ƙungiyar Red Cross fiye da maƙasudin aikin [[Kungiyar Agaji Ta Red Cross Ta Duniya|Kwamitin Internationalungiyar Red Cross ta Duniya]] (ICRC) don haɗa da taimakon agaji dangane da abubuwan larurar da ba ta hanyar rikici ba. Baya ga samun daidaito na ayyukan agaji da bala'oi da bala'oi na gaggawa suka haifar, aikin ƙungiyar shi ne taimaka wa ƙungiyoyin nasa da aka kafa da ci gaban su, musamman a lokacin zaman lafiya. Baya ga bayar da taimako ga waɗanda annoba ta shafa, bala’o’i na ƙasa (girgizar ƙasa, ambaliyar ruwa da guguwa) da kuma yunwa, an haɓaka wasu ayyuka biyu a cikin shekarun farko na gasar. Kuma Babban aiki shine inganta kiwon lafiya ta hana cututtuka da haɓaka horon ma'aikatan jinya da masu sa kai. Sauran ayyukan shine ƙirƙirar iorananan Red Cross a cikin ƙungiyoyi duniya, waɗanda suka gabatar da yara da ɗalibai ga Red Cross tare da kwasa-kwasan ilimi daban-daban kuma ta saka su cikin ayyukan taimako na zahiri. Kafa ƙungiyar, a matsayin ƙarin ƙungiyar Red Cross ta duniya tare da ICRC, ba tare da rikici ba. Ƙungiyar ta ICRC, a wani matakin, tana da matukar damuwa game da yiwuwar hamayya tsakanin kungiyoyin biyu. Tushen layin ana ganinsa a matsayin ƙoƙari na lalata matsayin jagoranci na ICRC a cikin kungiyar kuma don sauya ayyukan da ƙwarewar sannu-sannu zuwa ɗayan hukumomi. Kazalika, Davison ba ya son haɗawa da kungiyar na kasashe madu karfi waɗanda suka sha kaye, wato Jamus, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria da Turkey, wanda hakan ya saba wa ka'idar ICRC ta duniya. Bugu da ƙari, farkon wasannin ya kasance mai sauri saboda ya ɗauki kwanaki 154 tsakanin yarda da Shugaba Wilson da haɗa shi. Wannan saurin samuwar ya tilasta Davison yanke hanya kuma ya bar maganganun da ba a warware su ba kamar bayyanannen tsarin doka da ayyukanta, ayyukanta da kuɗaɗen shiga. An tattauna damuwa game da zaman tare tsakanin layin da ICRC a yayin Taro na Kasa da Ƙasa na Red Cross sau uku a jere a shekarun (1921, 1923, 1926). Dokokin da aka zartar a cikin shekarata 1928 a taron XIIIth na Kasa da Kasa na Red Cross a Hague sun fayyace kuma sun tabbatar da matsayin kowace ƙungiya. <ref>Haug, Hans (1993). </ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, aka kafa "Majalisar Dinkin Duniya" don daidaita ayyukan hadin gwiwa tsakanin ICRC da kungiyar, aikin da daga baya Kwamitin Tsaro na Red Cross da Red Crescent suka karbe shi . A cikin shekarata 1920, “Babban Kwamitin, wanda aka kirkireshi daga wakilan Allies masu nasara”, <ref>Reid, Daphne & Gilbo, Patrick (1997). </ref> maraba da ƙarin Nationalungiyoyin Nationalasa; 27 daga cikin al'ummomin membobi 31 an wakilta a cikin shekarata 1920. Kuma A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, ƙungiyar ta karɓi ciungiyoyin 25asa na 25, gami da Red Crescent na Masar da Red Lion da Sun na Iran. <ref>Haug, op. cit., pp. 633–644</ref> Bayan bin Dokokin Red Cross ta Duniya a cikin shekarata 1928 (wanda aka sake sabuntawa a shekarar 1952 da 1986, wanda aka yiwa kwaskwarima a 1995 da 2006), Kungiyoyin Red Cross ta Nordic (Denmark, Finland, Sweden da Norway) sun dawo cikin ƙungiyar bayan sun yi murabus shekaru uku da suka gabata saboda rikice-rikicen da ke faruwa a cikin motsi na kungiyar Red Cross. <ref>Reid & Gilbo, op. cit., p.86</ref> Kungiyar Red Cross da Cungiyoyin Red Crescent na Tarayyar Soviet sun shiga ƙungiyar yayin taron Taron Duniya na XVth a cikin 1934. A tsakiyar shekarata 1930s, wasan ya zama gama gari na gaske, tare da registeredungiyoyin Kungiyoyin 58 masu rajista. <ref>Reid & Gilbo, op. cit., pp.&nbsp;83–92</ref> === Sakatariya a kan tafiya === Hedikwatar kungiyar, mai suna sakatariya, an kafa ta ne da farko a Geneva. Lig ɗin ya ƙaura sakatariyarsa daga Geneva zuwa Paris a cikin shekarata 1922 tare da takaitaccen kasafin kuɗi da rage ma'aikata. Bukatar ƙaura daga ICRC don haɓaka haɓakar ƙungiyar ta ainihi wani ɓangare ne na yanke shawara. A ranar 5 ga Satumba, shekarata 1939, 'yan kwanaki bayan mamayar da sojojin Jamus suka yi wa Poland, an tura ma'aikatan gasar a Paris zuwa Geneva. Kungiyar ta yi imanin cewa za ta iya tabbatar da ci gaban aikinta daga ƙasa mai tsaka-tsaki kamar Switzerland. Har wa yau, ofisoshin sakatariyar suna nan a Geneva, amma sai a 1959 ne sakatariyar ta koma hedkwatarta ta yanzu a Petit-Saconnex. <ref>Reid & Gilbo, op. cit., p.&nbsp;194</ref> === Abinda Aka Cimma === A cikin shekarun farko na gasar, aikin ya kasance mai tasiri sosai kuma ya ƙunshi yawancin rikodin bayanai da ƙididdigar da za a raba tare da Kungiyoyin Duniya. <ref>Reid & Gilbo, op. cit., p.66</ref> Manufa ta fara gudanar da ayyukanta a kan yanayin yanayin wadanda suka kamu da cutar typhus a Poland, <ref>Haug, op. cit., p.353</ref> da kuma ci gaba da yada bayanai zuwa ga kasashen da ke kewaye da su don hana yaduwar irin wadannan cututtukan. Aikin tallafi na farko da aka gabatar a gasar bayan girgizar kasa da aka yi a shekarata 1923 a Japan wanda ya kashe kusan mutane 200,000 kuma ya bar wasu da yawa da suka ji rauni kuma ba su da matsuguni. A karo na farko, Nationalungiyoyin Red Cross na 35asa ta 35 sun halarci aikin haɗin gwiwa na ICRC da ƙungiyar, wanda aka ba da kuɗin rikodin na franc Swiss miliyan 277. <ref>Haug, op. cit., p.&nbsp;353</ref> Lig ɗin ya fara bayar da [http://www.ifrc.org/en/publications-and-reports/appeals/ buƙatun] a cikin shekarata 1925 amma ba a ba da roko ba koyaushe don duk bala'i. A cikin shekarun 1920s da 1930s bala'in ya kasance ƙaramin aiki, a bayan lafiyar jama'a, jinya da ayyukan matasa. Kungiyoyi na Kasashe, tare da taimakon ƙungiyar a cikin shekarata 1920s, sun kasance a shirye mafi kyau don magance bala'i kuma saboda haka ba sa buƙatar taimako na waje. <ref>Reid & Gilbo, op. cit., p.&nbsp;92</ref> Bugu da kari, Babban Tsananin ya haifar da rashin tsaro na tattalin arziki a duk duniya, yana mai kiran kungiyar da ta sadaukar da kai sosai ga shirye-shiryen talauci. [[File:Timbre_Turquie_Croissant_rouge_1928.jpg|left|thumb| Alamar daga Turkiyya don tallafawa Red Crescent, 1938.]] Shekarun 1930s sun ga yadda ake amfani da mota, ci gaban kayan ababen hawa saboda haka ƙaruwar zirga-zirga da asarar rayuka. Ligin ya zama jagora a rigakafin taimakon farko don hatsarin hanya, ta hanyar kafa a 1932 Kwamiti na Dindindin kan Taimako na Farko kan Hanyoyi, tare da haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyoyi masu motoci daban-daban. <ref>Reid & Gilbo, op. cit., p.&nbsp;102</ref> Yayin da duniya ke gab da zuwa wani yaƙin, ayyukan layin sun ragu sosai. Ko ta yaya, haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙungiyar da ICRC ya ci gaba da haɓaka. Ligin ya ba da tallafi ga ICRC a ƙarshen 1930s, musamman a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Sifen da Yaƙin Sino-Japan na biyu, ta hanyar gabatar da ƙararraki da kafa wuraren rabon abinci da magunguna ga fararen hula. Kwamitin Hadin Gwiwa, wanda ICRC ta kirkira a shekarata 1941, ya kafa umarnin hadin gwiwa da ICRC, yana tabbatar da ci gaba da ba da goyon baya ga kungiyoyi Ƙasashen Duniya cikin yaƙin da ke ta ƙaruwa. Wannan yarjejeniyar ta kuma karawa kungiyoyin masu mazan kansu 'yanci kuma ta ba su damar ci gaba da ayyukansu na agaji na farar hula ba tare da haifar da saɓani da jayayya, jihohin da ke tsaka tsaki ba. [[File:Friedensnobelpreis-1963.jpg|thumb| An girmama Tarayya a bikin ba da lambar yabo ta Nobel a 1963. Daga hagu zuwa dama: Sarki Olav na Norway, Shugaban ICRC {{Interlanguage link|Léopold Boissier|de}}, da Shugaban League John MacAulay .]] Bayan an kwashe shekaru shida ana hutu, kwamitin gwamnonin ya yi taronsa na farko a watan Oktoba na shekarar shekarata 1945. Lokacin yakin bayan yakin ya samar da sabon karfin motsawa ga gasar yayin da ta dawo da alakarta da kungiyoyin andasa kuma ta ba da taimako ga yankunan da yaƙi ya shafa. [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|A watan Disambar 1948 Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta]] gayyaci kungiyar Red Cross Societies, tare da [[Kungiyar Agaji Ta Red Cross Ta Duniya|ICRC]] da AFSC, don shiga cikin shirin agajin gaggawa na dala miliyan 32 da ke aiki tare da Falasdinawa 'yan gudun hijira. An ba League ɗin alhakin [[Lebanon]], [[Siriya|Syria]] da [[Jodan|Jordan]] . Biyo bayan mummunan yanayi da ya addabi wasu sassan duniya tsakanin shekarata 1951 da 1954, <ref>Reid & Gilbo, op. cit., pp.&nbsp;140, 166–167</ref> ayyukan agaji na laliga sun fara aiki kuma ba su da cikakken bayani gaba ɗaya. A cikin waɗannan shekarun, ƙungiyar ta ba da buƙatu da yawa kuma ta nuna ƙwarewa sosai a ayyukan agajin bala'i. A ƙarshen shekarata 1950s, an sami ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin adadin Crossungiyoyin Red Cross da Kungiyoyin Casa na Red Crescent da aka sani saboda mulkin mallaka . <ref>Reid & Gilbo, op. cit., p.179</ref> A ƙarshen shekarun 1960, akwai sama da al'ummomi 100 a duniya. <ref>Haug, op. cit., p.633-645</ref> A ranar 10 ga Disamba, 1963, gasar tare da ICRC tare suka karɓi [https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1963/ kyautar Nobel ta Zaman Lafiya] . A shekarar 1983, kungiyar Red Cross ta ciungiyoyin an sauya mata suna "ofungiyar Red Cross da Cungiyoyin Red Crescent" don nuna yawan reflectungiyoyin Nationalungiyoyin operatingasa da ke aiki a ƙarƙashin alamar Red Crescent. Shekaru uku bayan haka, [http://www.ifrc.org/who-we-are/vision-and-mission/the-seven-fundamental-principles/ ƙa'idodi bakwai masu mahimmanci] na Harkar, kamar yadda aka karɓa a taron XXth na Duniya na Red Cross a 1965, an haɗa su cikin ƙa'idodin ƙungiyar. Sunan ƙungiyar ya sake canzawa yayin Babban Taron na 1991 zuwa aikin da yake a yanzu na yanzu "kungiyar nada Redasashen Duniya ta Red Cross da Red Crescent Society" (IFRC). A cikin 1997, ICRC da IFRC sun rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Seville wanda ya kara bayyana ayyukan kungiyoyin biyu a cikin Harkar. Har zuwa farkon shekarata 1990s duk ayyukan agaji an amsa su a matsayin Tarayya ɗaya a cikin tsari da yawa. An yi amfani da al'ummomin kasa masu ba da gudummawa don ba da tallafi ta Sakatariyar Tarayya, tare da kuɗi da albarkatun ɗan adam don tallafa wa Tarayyar don magance bala'i a ƙarƙashin daidaitawa da jagorancin Sakatariyar Tarayyar. Mayar da hankali a wancan lokacin ta kasance ne daga ƙungiya ɗaya, tare da manufa ɗaya, manufa ɗaya don tallafawa 'yar'uwar jan giciye ko kuma jinjirin wata jamaa da bala'i ya shafa. Guguwar Mitch ta shafi ƙasashe kaɗan a Amurka ta Tsakiya a 1998. Za a iya ɗaukar ƙoƙarin agaji na bala'i ɗayan ayyukan magance bala'i wanda ya canza yanayin sassaucin ra'ayi tsakanin membobin Tarayyar Duniya. Tun daga wannan lokacin, hulɗar da juna ya zama sabon ƙa'ida, kuma rage yawan jan gicciye daga ƙasashe masu arziki da ke amsa bala'i da faɗaɗa ayyukan ci gaba suna ci gaba da haɓaka a cikin shekarun 2000s, gami da ƙaruwar al'ummomin jajayen jinjirin da ke aiki a duniya. A cikin 2004, IFRC ta fara aikinta mafi girma har zuwa yau bayan bala'in tsunami a Kudancin Asiya . Fiye da Nationalungiyoyin 40asashe 40 sun yi aiki tare da masu ba da agaji sama da 22,000 don kawo agaji ga dimbin waɗanda abin ya shafa da aka bar su ba tare da abinci da wurin kwana ba kuma suna cikin haɗarin annoba. Dabarun 2020 jagoranta - shirin gama kai na IFRC don tunkarar manyan matsalolin agaji da ci gaban wannan shekaru goma - IFRC ta himmatu wajen ''ceton rayuka da sauya tunani'' . == Ayyuka masu nauyi == IFRC tana daidaita tsakanin Red Cross da Kungiyoyin Red Crescent a duk faɗin duniya. IFRC tare da ICRC suna tallafawa kafuwar sabbin Soungiyoyin Nationalasa a cikin ƙasashen da babu wata hukuma ta hukuma. Kungiyar duniya ta karɓi memba a cikin IFRC kawai bayan ICRC ta amince da ita. IFRC tana aiki tare da Kungiyoyin kasashen da abin ya shafa - da ake kira ''Hostungiyar Nationalasa ta'' Hostungiyar (HNS) - da Soungiyoyin ofasashe na wasu ƙasashe waɗanda ke son bayar da taimako - wanda ake kira ''kungiyar kasashe'' (PNS). Daga cikin taron ƙasashen duniya na 190 da aka shigar da su ga Babban Taron IFRC a matsayin cikakkun membobi ko masu sa ido, kimanin 25-30 suna aiki a kai a kai kamar PNS a wasu ƙasashe. Wadanda suka fi aiki sune kungiyar Red Cross ta Amurka, da Red Cross ta Burtaniya, da Red Cross ta Jamus, da kuma kungiyar Red Cross ta Sweden da Norway . Wani babban aiki na IFRC wanda ya sami kulawa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan shine jajircewarta don yin aiki da daidaitaccen tsari, hana amfani da ma'adinai a duniya da kuma kawo taimakon likita, halayyar mutum, da na zamantakewar jama'a ga mutanen da ma'adinan ƙasa suka ji rauni. Ayyukan da aka bayyana na IFRC za'a iya taƙaita su kamar haka: * don inganta ka'idodin jin kai da dabi'u * don tallafawa Nationalungiyoyin Nationalasa * don tallafawa ayyukan inda ake samun kuɗi Red Cross Red Crescent ita ce babbar hanyar sadarwar jin kai a duniya tare da: * Kusan masu aikin sa kai miliyan 11.6 * Fiye da ma'aikata 473,000 da aka biya * Fiye da Redungiyar Red Cross da Red Crescent sama da 165,000 fiye da rassa / rassa * Mutane miliyan 19.4 da suka ba da gudummawar jini ga hidimomin jini na Societyungiyar Jama'a a duk duniya * Fiye da mutane miliyan 11 suka sami horo a Taimakon Farko ta byungiyoyin Nationalasa * Fiye da mutane miliyan 106.5 suka isa ta Sabis na Tsawon Lokaci da Ci Gaban Shirye-shirye * Fiye da miliyan 49.5 suka isa cikin 2016 ta hanyar amsar bala'i da dawo da shirye-shirye da wuri * Jimlar kudin shiga sama da biliyan 23.4 na Switzerland a cikin 2016, tare da jimlar kashe-kashe sun wuce biliyan 23.1 na Switzerland == Kungiyoyi == IFRC tana da sakatariya a Geneva . Hakanan yana da ofisoshin yankuna biyar da ofisoshi da yawa na ƙasashe da yawa a duk duniya. Babban sakataren shi ne Jagan Chapagain (Nepal). <ref>IFRC: ''[https://media.ifrc.org/ifrc/who-we-are/leadership/secretary-general/ Who We Are: The Secretary General].''</ref> IFRC tana karkashin jagorancin kwamitin gudanarwa wanda ya kunshi shugaban kasa, mataimakan shugaban kasa guda hudu, shugaban hukumar kudi da wakilan kungiyar Kasa ta 20. Mafi girman ƙungiyar IFRC ita ce Babban Taron wanda ke taruwa kowace shekara biyu tare da wakilai daga dukkanin Nationalungiyoyin Nationalasa. Daga cikin sauran ayyuka, Babban Taron yana zaɓar shugaban ƙasa. Shugaban IFRC na yanzu shi ne Francesco Rocca, wanda shi ma ya cika matsayin shugaban kungiyar Red Cross ta Italiya . === Shugabannin Tarayya === {{As of|2017}}, the president of the IFRC is Francesco Rocca ([[Red Cross ta Italiyanci|Italian Red Cross]]). The vice presidents are [[Annemarie Huber-Hotz]] ([[Red Cross ta Switzerland|Swiss Red Cross]]), Miguel Villarroel (Venezuela Red Cross), Abdoul Azize Diallo ([[Redungiyar Red Cross ta Senegal|Senegalese Red Cross Society]]), Kerem Kinik ([[Baturen Red Crescent na Turkiyya|Turkish Red Crescent]]), Chen Zhu ([[Crossungiyar Red Cross ta Sin|Red Cross Society of China]]).{{Col-begin}} {{Col-break}} * 1919–1922: [[Henry Pomeroy Davison|Henry Davison]] ([[American Red Cross]]) * 1922–1935: [[John Barton Payne]] ([[American Red Cross]]) * 1935–1938: [[Cary Travers Grayson]] ([[American Red Cross]]) * 1938–1944: [[Norman Davis (diplomat)|Norman Davis]] ([[American Red Cross]]) * 1944–1945: [[Jean de Muralt]] ([[Swiss Red Cross]]) * 1945–1950: [[Basil O'Connor]] ([[American Red Cross]]) * 1950–1959: [[Emil Sandström]] ([[Swedish Red Cross]]) * 1959–1965: [[John MacAulay]] ([[Canadian Red Cross]]) {{Col-break}} * 1965–1977: [[José Barroso Chávez]] ([[Mexican Red Cross]]) * 1977–1981: [[Adetunji Adefarasin]] ([[Nigerian Red Cross Society]]) * 1981–1987: [[Enrique de la Mata]] (Spanish Red Cross) * 1987–1997: [[Mario Enrique Villarroel Lander]] (Venezuela Red Cross) * 1997–2001: [[Astrid Nøklebye Heiberg]] ([[Norwegian Red Cross]]) * 2001–2009: [[Don Juan Manuel Suárez Del Toro Rivero]] (Spanish Red Cross) * 2009–2017: [[Tadateru Konoe]] ([[Japanese Red Cross Society]]) * 2017–present: Francesco Rocca ([[Italian Red Cross]]) {{Col-end}} === Kudade da batun su === [[File:Woman of Bolivarian Armed Forces in a presidential meeting.jpg|thumb|Tsaro]] IFRC ana daukar nauyinta ne ta hanyar gudummawar da doka ta ba ta daga Soungiyoyin Nationalungiyoyin Jama'a, isar da sabis na filin ga abokan shirin, da kuma gudummawar son rai daga masu ba da taimako kamar gwamnatoci, hukumomi da daidaikun mutane. Sharuɗɗan gudummawar doka na kowace Societyungiyar areasa an kafa ta ta Hukumar Kuɗi kuma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da ita. Fundingarin kuɗi, musamman don ayyukan agaji ba da tsammani, ana ɗaukaka su ta hanyar kiran gaggawa. Daga 2005 zuwa 2015, Shugaban Hukumar Kudi ya kasance Mista Chrystold Chetty (Seychelles) da Mataimakin Shugaban Hukumar ita ce Ms Kathryn Forbes (Amurka). Daga 2016, Shugaba shine Mista Abdulkader Husrieh. An zabi Ms Kathryn Forbes a matsayin Shugabar Kwamitin binciken kudi da Hadari yayin da aka zabi Mista Chrystold Chetty a matsayin mamba a Kwamitin Tsaro na Red Cross da Red Crescent. == Alamar taken da sanarwa == Alamar IFRC haɗuwa ce ta jan giciye da kuma jinjirin wata mai launin fari a bango na fari, wanda ke kewaye da jan madaidaicin kusurwa ba tare da ƙarin rubutu ba. Jan gicciye, asalin alama ce ta Harkar, yana hagu yayin da jinjirin jaririn ya bayyana zuwa dama. ''Per Humanitatem ad Pacem'' shine taken farko na IFRC (Mataki na 1 na Tsarin Mulkin Tarayya). Bayanin manufa na IFRC, kamar yadda aka tsara a cikin "Dabarar 2010" ita ''ce inganta rayuwar mutane masu rauni ta hanyar tattara ikon dan Adam'' . Daga 1999 zuwa 2004, taken da ake yi na dukkan ayyukan Harka na Kasa da Kasa shine ''Ikon ofan Adam'' . A watan Disambar 2003, taron kasa da kasa karo na 28 a Geneva ya zartar da taken taron ''Kare Mutuncin Dan Adam'' a matsayin sabon take ga dukkanin Harkar. Alamar hukuma ta Red Cross da Red Crescent Movement da aka buga a watan Afrilu 2016 an bayyana shi a matsayin jar giciye da alamun alam masu launin jan an haɗa su gefe ɗaya, kewaye da kalmomin "INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT" a ɗayan ko wasu daga cikin yarukan hukuma (Larabci), Sinanci, Ingilishi, Faransanci, Rashanci ko Sifen). An bayyana shi don amfani lokacin da ICRC, Federationungiyar ofasa ta ofasa ta Red Cross da Cungiyoyin Red Crescent da Redungiyar Crossasa ta Crossasa da Redungiyoyin Cungiyar Crescent suna aiki tare don dalilai na gaggawa na jin kai, ko jigo ko kamfen na damuwar duniya. Ka'idodin Asali guda bakwai waɗanda ke jagorantar aikin IFRC da membobinta sune: ɗan adam, rashin nuna bambanci, tsaka tsaki, 'yancin kai, sabis na son rai, haɗin kai da kuma gama gari. == Dangantaka tsakanin Kungiyar Red Cross ta Duniya da Red Crescent Movement == [[File:Red_Cross_Memorial_in_Solferino.jpg|right|thumb| Tunawa da kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta duniya a Solferino, Italiya]] IFRC ta shiga rikici da ICRC a lokuta daban-daban, da farko kuma lokacin da kungiyar Red Cross ta Amurka ta yi barazanar maye gurbin ICRC tare da kirkirar kungiyar a matsayin "ainihin Red Cross ta duniya" bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|yakin duniya na farko]] . <ref>Andre Durand, ''History of the International Committee of the Red Cross: From Sarajevo to Hiroshima'', Geneva: ICRC, 1984, p. 147.</ref> Yarjejeniyoyi da yawa game da matsayin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban sun taimaka wajen daidaita dangantaka, farawa da yarjejeniyar 1928, Yarjejeniyar Seville ta 1997 kuma kwanan nan thearin Mearin na 2005. Yarjejeniyar Seville ta ba IFRC jagora a duk wani yanayin gaggawa wanda ba ya faruwa a matsayin wani ɓangare na rikice-rikicen yaƙi (wanda a cikin haka ICRC ke ɗaukar nauyi). Rikicin kungiya yanzu ya ragu. <ref>David P. Forsythe: ''The Humanitarians: The International Committee of the Red Cross.'' </ref> == Bayani ==   == Manazarta == * {{Official website|http://www.ifrc.org|International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies}} - rukunin yanar gizo * {{Official website|https://www.icrc.org|International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement}} - shafin hukuma * [https://www.icrc.org/en/document/logo-international-red-cross-and-red-crescent-movement Crossungiyar Red Cross ta Duniya da Movementungiyar Cungiyar Red Crescent] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[category:Tarihi]] [[category: Kungiyoyi]] [[category:Shugabannin Tarayya]] d0i3t4000hac00ds0hophgoh99qci6i 0 22389 863603 709805 2026-06-22T05:07:56Z Nura Bello 24854 863603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox organization|type=[[International non-governmental organization|International NGO]]|name=CARE International}} [[Fayil:CARE international au burundi.jpg|thumb|Hoton mai nuni da taimakawa na burindi]] [[Fayil:CARE International – friendship and love.jpg|thumb|Hoto mai nuni da dankon zuminchi]] [[Fayil:Collaborating Across CEE and Beyond CEE Meeting 2023.pdf|thumb|Hadin gwiwa]] '''C.A.R.E''' ( '''Hadin gwiwa don Taimakawa da Taimakawa a Koina''', a baya ta kasance '''Hadin gwiwar Turawa Amurkawa zuwa Turai''' ) babbar hukuma ce ta kungiyoyin agaji na kasa da kasa da ke sadar da agajin gaggawa da ayyukan ci gaban kasa da kasa na dogon lokaci. An kafa wannan kungiyace a shekara ta 1945, CARE ba ta da tsattsauran ra'ayi, ba ta nuna bambanci, kuma ba ta gwamnati ba.Ita ce dayan mafi girma kuma mafi tsufa kungiyoyin agaji da ke ba da agaji don yakar talauci a duniya. A cikin shekarar ta 2019,CARE ta ba da rahoton aiki a cikin kasashe 104, suna tallafawa [[Talauci|ayyukan talauci na]] 1,349 da ayyukan agaji,da kai sama da mutane miliyan 92.3 kai tsaye da mutane miliyan 433.3 kai tsaye. Shirye-shiryen CARE a cikin kasashe masu tasowa suna magance batutuwa da dama wadanda suka hada da amsawar gaggawa, wadatar abinci, ruwa da tsafta, habaka tattalin arziki, [[canjin yanayi]], [[Noma|aikin gona]], ilimi, da kiwon lafiya. CARE tana kuma ba da shawarwari a matakan gida, na kasa, da na duniya don sauya manufofi da kuma hakkin talakawa. A cikin kowane daga cikin yankunan da dake da su CARE tana mai da hankali kan karfafawa da biyan bukatun [[Mace|mata]] da girlsan mata da kuma inganta daidaito tsakanin maza da mata. CARE International kungiya ce tana da membobin CARE na kasa guda goma sha huɗu, kowannen su an yi masa rijista a matsayin kungiya mai zaman kanta a kasar da mambobin membobi hutu. == Tarihi == [[File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-S1207-502,_Inhalt_eines_CARE-Paket.jpg|thumb| An kawo KUNshin KYAUTA a cikin 1948.]] ==A shekara ta 1945 zuwa shekarar 1949: Asali da Kunshin Kulawa == CARE, sannan Hadin gwiwar Amurkan Amurkawa zuwa Turai, an kafa ta bisa hukuma a ranar 27 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1945, kuma da farko an yi niyyar kafa kungiyar ta dan lokaci. [[Yakin Duniya na II]] ya Kare a watan Agusta na wannan shekarar. Bayan matsin lamba daga jama'a da Majalisa, Shugaba Harry S. Truman ya yarda ya bar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu su ba da agaji ga wadanda ke fama da yunwa saboda yakin. CARE ta kasance kungiyar ta farko a kasar amruka domin hada kan jama'a, addini, haɗin kai, gonaki, da kungiyoyin kwadago ) tare da manufar isar da taimakon abinci zuwa [[Turai]] bayan Yakin Duniya na II . Kungiyar ta gabatar da kayan abinci na farko a cikin shekarar 1946. Taimakon kayan abinci na CARE ya dauki nau'ikan CARE Packages, wadanda aka fara isar da su ga takamaiman mutane: mutanen Amurka sun biya $ 10 don aikawa da Kayan CARE na kaura zuwa kaunataccen a turai, galibi dan uwa. Shugaba Truman ya sayi kayan hadin CARE na farko. {{Rp|p.1}} kyauta ta ba da tabbacin bayarwa cikin watanni hudu ga kowa a Turai, koda kuwa sun bar adireshin su na karshe, kuma sun dawo da takardar isar da sa hannu ga mai aikawa. Saboda aiyukan gidan waya na Turai ba abin dogaro bane a lokacin wadannan takaddun da aka sa hannu a wasu lokuta sun bada tabbaci na farko ne na cewa wanda ya karba ya tsira daga yakin. Farkon CARE ya kasance a gaskiya ragi “Goma-a-Daya” fakitin kayan abincin sojojin Amurka (wanda aka tsara don kunsar abincin yini daya na mutane goma). A farkon shekara ta 1946 CARE ta sayi miliyan 2.8m na wadannan fakitin kayan abinci, wadanda aka tsara da farko don mamaye Japan, kuma suka fara talla a Amurka. A ranar 11 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1946, watanni shida bayan shigar da hukumar, an kawo kunshin CARE na farko a Le Havre, [[Faransa]] . Wadannan fakitin sun kunshi kayan abinci irin su naman gwangwani , madarar foda, busassun drieda fruitsan itace, da kitse tare da itemsan kayan jin dadi kamar su cakulan, kofi, da sigari . (Da yawa a kan Hukumar Daraktocin CARE sun so cire sigarin, amma ya zama ba shi da kyau a bude kuma a sake akwatinan miliyan 2.8m)a shekara ta 1946 kuma ya nuna alamar fadada CARE ta farko daga Amurka tare da kafa ofishi a [[Kanada]] . A farkon shekarar 1947 wadatar kayan abinci "Goma-a-Daya" ta kare kuma kamfanin CARE ya fara hada kayan aikinsa. An tsara wadannan sababbin fakitin ne tare da taimakon mai ilimin abinci mai gina jiki. Ba su hada da sigari ba kuma an tsara su ta dan yadda za su tafi: An inganta fakitin Kosher, kuma misali fakiti na [[Birtaniya|forasar Ingila]] sun hada da [[shayi]] maimakon kofi, kuma fakitin [[Italiya]] sun haɗa da taliya. Zuwa shekarar 1949 CARE ya bayar kuma ya shigo da fakitoci daban daban goma sha biyu. Kodayake kungiyar ta yi niyyar isar da fakitin ga wasu mutane da aka ayyana kawai, a cikin shekara guda CARE ta fara isar da fakitin da aka gabatar misali "ga malami" ko kuma kawai "ga mai yunwa a Turai." {{Rp|p.18}} Wadannan gudummawar da ba a bayyana su ba sun ci gaba kuma a farkon shekarar 1948 CARE's Board sun kada kuri'a don matsawa bisa hukuma zuwa ga gudummawar da ba a bayyana ta ba kuma fadada cikin karin taimako na gaba daya. Domin a samu sauyi Wasu daga cikin hukumomin membobin da ba su yarda da wannan sauyin ba, suna masu cewa karin taimako gaba daya zai zama kwafi ne na aikin wasu hukumomin, amma masu bayar da gudummawa sun karba da kyau, gudummawa sun karu, kuma wannan shawarar za ta nuna farkon sauyawar CARE zuwa umarni mai fadi. Tsakanin isarwar farko na shekarar 1946 da na Turai na karshe na shekarar 1956, an rarraba miliyoyin CARE Packages ko'ina cikin Turai, sama da 50% daga cikin su na zuwa [[Jamus]] gami da da yawa da aka isar a matsayin wani bangare na jirgin sama na Berlin sakamakon martani ga toshewar Soviet na shekarar 1948 na Berlin . Dokar Noma ta Amurka a shekarar 1949 ta samar da wadatattun kayayyakin amfanin gonar Amurka don fitar da su zuwa kasashen waje a matsayin tallafi kai tsaye daga gwamnatin Amurka ko ta kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ciki har da CARE. A cikin shekara ta 1954 Dokar Jama'a 480, wanda aka fi sani da Dokar Abinci don Zaman Lafiya, ya Kara fadada wadatar rarar abincin Amurka a matsayin taimako. Wannan harka yarda CARE fadada da ciyar tsakanin shekarar 1949 da kuma shekara ta 2009 CARE amfani da daruruwan miliyoyin daloli 'darajar da ragi kayayyaki a agaji da kuma shirye-shirye kamar makaranta abincin rana arziki. ==A shekara ta 1949 zuwa shekarar 1966: Canji daga Turai == Koda yake tun da farko kungiyar ta mayar da hankali ne kan Turai, a watan Yulin shekarar 1948 CARE ta bude aikinta na farko da ba na Turai ba, a [[Japan]] . Isar da kayayyaki zuwa [[Sin|China]] da Koriya sun biyo baya, wanda CARE ta bayyana a matsayin taimako ga yankunan "da matsalar WWII". {{Rp|p.119}} A cikin shekara ta 1949 CARE ya shiga kasashe masu tasowa a karo na farko, yana kaddamar da shirye-shirye a cikin [[Filipin|Philippines]] . Ayyuka a [[Indiya]], [[Pakistan]], da [[Mexico (kasa)|Mexico]] sun fara jim kaɗan bayan haka. 1949 kuma ya ba da alama fadadawar CARE ta farko zuwa taimakon ba abinci tare da haɓaka kunshin "taimakon kai" wanda ya ƙunshi kayan aikin noma, kafinta, da sauran sana'oi da kwn taimaka. A cikin shekara ta 1953, saboda fadada shi zuwa ayyukan da ke wajen Turai, CARE ta canza ma'anar gajeriyar kalma zuwa "Hadin gwiwa don Amurkan Amurkawa zuwa Koina". Yayinda Turai ta Farfado da tattalin arziki, CARE ta fuskanci bukatar sake kimanta aikinta: a cikin shekarar 1955 membobin kwamitin da yawa suna jayayya cewa tare da dawo da Turai dokar CARE ta Kare kuma kungiyar ya kamata ta narke. Sauran membobin kwamitin duk da haka suna ganin cewa aikin CARE ya kamata ya ci gaba duk da cewa yana da sabon ci gaba ga kasashe masu tasowa. A watan Yulin shekarar 1955 Hukumar Daraktocin sun zabi don ci gaba da fadada ayyukan CARE a wajen Turai. Paul French, babban darakta a lokacin, ya yi murabus kan muhawarar. Sabon darakta Richard W. Reuter ya hau mulki a cikin shekara ta 1955 kuma ya taimaka jagorantar kungiyar zuwa wata sabuwar alkibla. Ofishin Jakadancin guda 22 da CARE sun rufe ayyuka arba'in da biyu, galibi a kasashen Turai, an Kuma daga martaba da inganta sashen . A cikin shekarar 1956 CARE ta rarraba abinci ga 'yan gudun hijirar juyin juya halin Hungary na shekarar 1956, kuma wannan zai kasance daga cikin ayyukan CARE na ƙarshe a cikin Turai tsawon shekaru. ==A shekara 1957 zuwa shekarar 1975: Canji zuwa fadada aikin ci gaba == [[File:CARE_8c_1971_issue_U.S._stamp.jpg|right|thumb| Kula da hatimin Amurka]] Tare da fadada yanayin wuri ya sami fadada hanya yayin da CARE ta fara faɗaɗa fiye da ainihin shirinta na rarraba abinci. Domin tuno da wadannan sabbin manufofin, a shekarar 1959 CARE ta canza ma'anar gajeruwar kalmar a karo na biyu, ta zama "Hadin gwiwa don Bayar da Agaji na Amurka a Koina". Da yake nuna wannan fa'idar, CARE ta shiga cikin 1961 tare da kafa Shugaba John F. Kennedy na Peace Corps . An caji CARE da zaba da horar da rukunin farko na masu sa kai, wadanda daga baya za a tura su zuwa ayyukan ci gaba a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] . Peaceungiyar Peace Corps ta karbi iko sosai kan horar da Volan Agaji na Peace Corps a cikin manufa na gaba, amma CARE ta ci gaba da ba da daraktocin kasa zuwa Peace Corps har sai ayyukan hadin gwiwar CARE-Peace Corps sun Kare a shekara ta 1967. A cikin shekara ta 1962 CARE ta hadu tare da shugabar da kungiyar ba da agajin likita ta MEDICO, wacce ta kasance tana aiki tare da shi na shekaru da yawa a baya. Hadin kan ya haɓaka karfin CARE sosai don sadar da shirye-shiryen kiwon lafiya ciki har da kwararrun likitocin kiwon lafiya da kayayyakin kiwon lafiya. A lokacin wannan canji an cire Kunshin CARE na asali. An kawo kunshin abinci na karshe a cikin shekarar 1967 kuma kayan aiki na karshe a cikin shekarar 1968. Fiye da Kayan Gudun CARE miliyan 100 aka kawo a duk duniya tun farkon jigilar su zuwa Faransa. Kodayake a shekarar 1968 ta nuna alamar "ritaya" a hukumance na CARE Package za a sake amfani da tsarin lokaci-lokaci, misali a cikin sassaucin CARE ga jamhuriyoyin tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet da wadanda suka tsira daga Yaƙin Bosniya. Hakanan an sake farfado da manufar a cikin shekarar 2011 azaman kamfen kan layi na karfafa masu ba da gudummawa don cika "virtualunshin CARE mai kama da juna" tare da taimakon abinci da ayyuka kamar ilimi da kiwon lafiya da tsaftar lafiya. A shekara ta 1967 kuma ya sanya alama kan yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa ta farko da CARE tare da gwamnati: don gina makarantu a [[Honduras]] . Yarjejeniyar kawance da gwamnatoci ta jagoranci shirye-shiryen zama cikin kasar gaba daya maimakon 'yan tsirarun al'ummomi. Shirye-shiryen CARE a wannan zamanin sun fi mai da hankali kan gina makarantu da cibiyoyin abinci mai gina jiki, da ci gaba da rarraba abinci. Cibiyoyin abinci mai gina jiki musamman zasu zama dayan manyan wuraren kulawa na CARE, haduwa da shirye-shiryen ciyar da makaranta da ilimin abinci mai gina jiki da aka tsara akan sabbin uwaye. A cikin shekara ta 1975 CARE ta aiwatar da tsarin tsara shekaru da yawa, kuma sake ba da damar shirye-shirye su zama masu faɗaɗa da zurfin fage. Ayyuka sun zama da yawa ta fuskoki daban-daban, suna ba da misali ba kawai ilimin kiwon lafiya ba har ma da samun ruwa mai tsafta da shirin noma don inganta abinci mai gina jiki. Tsarin tsare-tsaren shekaru da yawa ya kuma kara girman ayyukan kasa baki daya da kawance da [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|kananan hukumomi]]. Aikin 1977 misali an samar dashi don gina makarantun gaba da sakandare sama da 200 a duk [[Chile|ƙasar Chile]] tsawon shekaru, wanda CARE da Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Chile suka ba da kuɗi tare. ==A shekara ta 1975 zuwa shekarar 1990: Daga CARE zuwa CARE International == Kodayake CARE ta bude ofishi a Kanada a cikin shekara ta 1946, amma har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1970s da gaske kungiyar ta fara zama kungiyar kasa da Kasa. Kula Kanada (da farko Kulawa na Kanada) ya zama jiki mai cin gashin kansa a cikin shekarar 1973. A cikin shekara ta 1976 CARE Turai aka kafa a Bonn biyo bayan nasarar kamfen din tara kudi "Dank an CARE" (Godiya ga CARE). A cikin shekarar 1981 aka kirkiri CARE Jamus kuma CARE Turai ta kaura da hedkwatarta zuwa [[Faris|Paris]] . An kirkiro CARE Norway a cikin shekarar 1980, kuma an kafa CAREs a cikin Italiya da Burtaniya. Shaharar ofisoshin CARE a Turai an danganta ta ne da cewa yawancin Turawa sun tuna da karɓar taimakon CARE da kansu tsakanin shekara ta 1945 da shekarar 1955. A shekara ta 1979 aka fara shirin kafa kungiyar laima don daidaitawa da hana kwafi a tsakanin kungiyoyi daban-daban na CARE. Wannan sabon jikin an sa masa suna CARE International kuma sun hadu a karon farko a ranar 29 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1982, tare da CARE Canada, CARE Germany, CARE Norway, da CARE USA (wanda a da kawai ake kira CARE). CARE International zata fadada sosai yayin shekarun 1980, tare da kari na CARE Faransa a 1983; CARE International UK a cikin 1985; Kula da Austria a shekarar 1986; da CARE Australia, CARE Denmark, da CARE Japan a shekarar 1987. == A shekara ta 1990 yanzu: Tarihin kwanan nan == Tare da fadada ayyukan ci gaban ayyukan CARE a cikin shekarun 1980s da farkon shekarun 1990s sun mai da hankali musamman kan dabarun kera gonaki kamar sake dasa bishiyoyi da kiyaye ƙasa a gabashin Afirka da [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]] . CARE kuma ta ba da amsa ga manyan matsaloli na gaggawa a wannan lokacin, musamman ma matsalar yunwar da ta faru a shekara ta 1983 zuwa shekarar 1985 a [[Itofiya|Habasha]] da kuma yunwar a shekara ta 1991 da shekarar 1991 a [[Somaliya]] . Shekara ta 1990s kuma sun ga juyin halitta a cikin tsarin CARE na talauci. Asali CARE ta kalli talauci da farko kamar rashin kayan masarufi da sabis kamar abinci, ruwa mai tsafta, da kiwon lafiya. Kamar yadda ikon CARE ya fadada duka geographically da kuma a saman wannan hanyar an fadada ta yadda ya hada da ra'ayi cewa talauci ya kasance a lokuta da yawa sanadiyyar wariyar al'umma, banbanci, da wariya . A farkon shekarun 1990s CARE ta dauki tsarin tsaro na rayuwar rayuwar iyali wanda ya hada da ra'ayi mai yawa na talauci kamar ya kunshi ba kawai albarkatun jiki ba har ma da matsayin zamantakewar jama'a da karfin dan adam. A sakamakon wannan, a shekara ta 2000, CARE ta kaddamar da tsarin tushen Hakkokin don ci gaba . An kai hari kan daya daga cikin gine-ginensu, kuma mutane sun mutu da jikkata, yayin hare-haren Kabul na watan Satumban shekarar 2016. == Microfinance == A farkon shekarun 1990s CARE kuma ta habaka abin da zai zama muhimmin abin koyi don karancin Kudi . Wannan samfurin ana kiransa ingsungiyoyin Kudi da Lamuni na geauye kuma an fara shi a cikin shekarar 1991 azaman aikin gwaji na Ofishin Casar CARE a [[Nijar (kasa)|Nijar]] . An gabatar da aikin gwajin Mata Masu Dubara sannan kamfanin CARE Niger ya kirkiro wannan samfurin ta hanyar daidaita tsarin Kamfanin Tarawa da kuma Bashi . Samfurin ya kunshi kungiyoyi kimanin mutane 15-30 waɗanda ke adanawa koyaushe kuma suna yin aro ta amfani da asusun kungiyar. Savingsarin kudaden da ka yada za'a ingata su memba yana Kirkirar kudade da za a iya amfani da shi don lamuni na dan gajeren lokaci da babban birni kuma an raba riba tsakanin kungiyar a karshen lokacin da aka bayar (yawanci kusan shekara guda), a wannan lokacin kungiyoyi sukan sake yin tsari don fara sabon zagaye . Saboda ajiyar litattafan da ake bukata don gudanar da Savungiyar Ajiye Loungiyoyi da Lamuni mai sauki ne kuma yawancin kungiyoyi sun sami nasarar zama masu cin gashin kansu a cikin shekara daya kuma suna jin dadin rayuwa mai karfi na tsawon lokaci. CARE ta kirkiro sama da kungiyoyi dubu 40 na Ajiye Kungiyoyi da Kungiyoyi (sama da membobi miliyan 1) a duk fadin Afirka, Asiya, da Latin Amurka sannan a shekara ta 2008 sun kaddamar da Access Africa wanda ke da niyyar fadada horar da ingsungiyar Ba da Lamuni da ansungiyar Lamuni ga kasashe 39 na Afirka kafin a shekarar 2018 Hakanan an maimaita samfurin a cikin [[Afirka]] da [[Asiya]] da kuma wasu manyan kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ciki har da Oxfam, Plan International, da Katolika Relief Services . CARE UK daga baya kaddamar lendwithcare.org, wanda damar jama'a su yi microloans, ciki har da kore rance, to, 'yan kasuwa a Afrika da Asiya. Ya guji yawancin sukar da ake yi a Kiva.org . == Sanarwa da ma'anar kalmomi da cika shekaru 50 == A cikin shekarar 1993 CARE, don yin tunaninta tsarin kungiya na kasa da Kasa, ya canza ma'anar karancin sunansa a karo na uku, inda ya dauki sunan da yake yanzu "perative gungiyar taimakawa da taimakawa a Koina". CARE ta kuma sanya bikin cika shekaru 50 a shekarar 1994. CARE ta fadada ƙungiyar zuwa mambobi goma sha biyu a farkon shekarun 2000s, tare da CARE Netherlands (tsohuwar Hukumar Ba da Agaji ta Bala'i) wasu yarjejeniyar da tsare tsare ta shiga cikin shekarar 2001 da CARE Thailand (da ake kira Raks Thai Foundation) suka shiga shekarar 2003, suka zama memba na Cungiyar CARE ta farko a cikin ƙasa mai tasowa. Sanannen kamfen ɗin "I am Powerful" wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin USA a watan Satumban shekarar 2006 kuma an shirya shi ne don ya jawo hankalin jama'a ga ƙungiyar da ta daɗe tana mai da hankali kan ƙarfafa mata . CARE ta bayyana cewa shirye-shiryenta suna maida hankali ne akan mata da 'yan mata duk saboda talakan duniya mata ne wadanda basu dace ba kuma saboda ana ganin karfafa mata ya zama muhimmiyar hanyar kawo ci gaba da nasarori sosai. CARE ta kuma jaddada cewa tana daukar yin aiki tare da samari da maza wani muhimmin bangare na karfafawa mata, kuma karfafawa mata yana amfanar maza da mata. A cikin shekara ta 2007 CARE ta sanar da cewa nan da shekara ta 2009 ba za ta ƙara karɓar wasu nau'ikan taimakon abinci na Amurka na kimanin dala miliyan 45 a shekara ba, suna masu jayayya cewa waɗannan nau'ikan taimakon abinci ba su da inganci kuma suna cutarwa ga kasuwannin cikin gida. Musamman, CARE ta sanar da cewa zata yi watsi da duk taimakon abinci (rarar abincin Amurka da ake turawa ga kungiyoyin agaji a kasashe masu tasowa wadanda kuma suke siyar da abincin a kasuwannin karkara dan tallafawa ayyukan ci gaba) da duk taimakon abinci da nufin samar da fa'idar kasuwanci. ga mai bayarwa da taimakawa, kuma zai kara sadaukar da kai ga sayen taimakon abinci a cikin gida. CARE kuma ta sanar da cewa ba za ta sake karbar abincin USDA ba ta hanyar Title 1 (tallace-tallace na ba da izini) ko Sashe na 416 (rarar kudi) saboda wadannan shirye-shiryen an yi niyya ne musamman don samar da fa'idar kasuwanci ga Noman Amurka. A cikin shekarar 2011 CARE ta Kara memba na farko, CARE India, kuma a cikin 2012 kwamitin CI ya karbi CARE Peru a matsayin memba na biyu na CARE. CARE Indiya ta zama cikakkiyar memba a watan Nuwamban shekarar 2013. Hukumar ta CI ta karbi CARE Peru a matsayin cikakken memba na Kungiyar a watan Yunin shekarar 2015. CARE a halin yanzu manyan Mafi yawan su masu zaman kansu ne kawai don yin adana bayanan kimantawar aikin su a bainar jama'a, da kuma gudanar da bincike na yau da kullun na hanyoyin kimantawa da tasirin ƙungiya gabaɗaya. == Tsarin CARE == CARE International kungiya ce ta AREungiyoyin AREungiyoyin AREungiyoyin AREasa goma sha hudu, wadanda ke kula da sakatariyar kasa da Kasa ta CARE. Sakatariyar tana da gindin zaune ne a Geneva, [[Switzerland]], tare da ofisoshi a [[New York (birni)|New York]] da Brussels don yin Hulda da [[Majalisar dinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] da cibiyoyin Turai bi da bi. Kowane Nationalungiyar AREasa ta Nationalasa kungiya ce mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta a cikin kasa, kuma kowane memba yana gudanar da shirye-shirye, tattara kudi, da ayyukan sadarwa a cikin kasarsa da kuma a kasashe masu tasowa inda CARE ke aiki dama inda yake Sanya ido. Akwai Membobin Nationalasa goma sha hudu. Membobin CARE goma sha hudu da mambobin membobi hudu sune: {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Kula da Membobi na Nationalasa da iliungiyoyi ! scope="col" | Kulawa Mamba ! scope="col" | Ya shiga cikin Kungiyar har zuwa: ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | Yanar Gizo |- | Kula Australia | 1987 | [http://www.care.org.au/ www.care.org.au] |- | Kula Kanada | 1946 | [http://www.care.ca/ www.care.ca] |- | Chrysalis Sri Lanka * | 2017 | http://chrysaliscatalyz.com/ |- | CARE Danmark | 1987 | [http://www.care.dk/ www.care.dk] |- | CARE Deutschland-Luxemburg | 1981 | [http://www.care.de/ www.care.de] |- | Kula da Misira * | 2017 | [http://www.care.org.eg/ www.care.org.eg/] |- | Kula Faransa | 1983 | [http://www.carefrance.org/ www.carefrance.org] |- | Kula Indiya | 2011 | [http://www.careindia.org/ www.careindia.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727215626/https://www.careindia.org/ |date=2021-07-27 }} |- | Kula da Indonesia * | 2017 | |- | Kula da Japan | 1987 | [http://www.careintjp.org/ www.careintjp.org] |- | Kula da Morocco * | 2017 | |- | Kula da Nederland | 2001 | [http://www.carenederland.org/ www.kazaza.ir] |- | KYAUTA Norge | 1980 | [http://www.care.no/ www.care.no] |- | Kula da Österreich | 1986 | [http://www.care.at/ www.care.at] |- | Kula Peru | 2012 | [http://www.care.org.pe/ www.care.org.pe] |- | Gidauniyar Raks Thai (CARE Thailand) | 2003 | [http://www.raksthai.org/ www.raksthai.org] |- | CARE International UK | 1985 | [http://www.careinternational.org.uk/ www.careinternational.org.uk] |- | Kula Amurka (memba mai kafa: asali kawai CARE) | 1945 | [http://www.care.org/ www.care.org] |} ''Ana yiwa mambobin hadin gwiwa alama tare da alama (*)'' == Tsarin shirye-shirye == A cikin 2016 CARE tana aiki a cikin kasashe masu zuwa (har ma a cikin membobin da kasashe masu alaka): {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="margin:auto;" ! scope="col" style="background:#efefef;" |Yanki ! scope="col" style="background:#efefef;" | Kasashen da CARE ke aiki a cikin 2014 |- | [[Asiya|Asia]] da Pacific | [[Afghanistan]], Australia, Fiji, [[Nepal]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kambodiya|Cambodia]], [[Sabuwar Gini Papuwa|Papua New Guinea]], [[Filipin|Philippines]], [[Indiya|India]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], [[Tailan|Thailand]], [[Laos]], [[Timor-Leste]], Japan, [[Vanuatu]], [[Myanmar]], [[Vietnam]] |- | Gabas da Tsakiyar Afirka | Burundi, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Congo, Habasha, Kenya, Ruwanda, Somalia, Sudan ta Kudu, Sudan, Tanzania da Uganda |- | Latin Amurka | [[Bolibiya|Bolivia]], [[Guatemala (ƙasa)|Guatemala]], [[Brazil]], Dominican Republic, [[Haiti]], [[Cuba]], [[Honduras]], [[Ecuador]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Salvador|El Salvador]], [[Honduras]], Panama, [[Peru]], Mexico |- | Gabas ta Tsakiya, Arewacin Afirka da Turai | Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, France, Georgia, Germany, Iraq, Jordan, Kosovo, Lebanon, Luxemburg, Macedonia, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Serbia, Switzerland, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, West Bank da kuma Gaza, da Yemen. |- | Amirka ta Arewa | Kanada da Amurka. |- | [[Afirka|Afirka ta Kudu]] | Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambiya da Zimbabwe |- | Afirka ta Yamma | Benin, Burkina Faso, Kamaru, Chadi, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Saliyo da Togo. |} An gudanar da ayyukan ci gaba da taimakon jin kai 962 a wadannan kasashen, inda kai tsaye aka kai mutane miliyan 80,120,323. Rushewar yanki ya kasance kamar haka: {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Kula da Ayyuka ta Yanki ! scope="col" | Yanki ! scope="col" | Kai tsaye Mahalarta ! scope="col" | Ayyuka |- | Gabas da Tsakiyar Afirka | 9,086,533 | 200 |- | Latin Amurka da Caribbean | 965,705 | 93 |- | Gabas ta Tsakiya, Arewacin Afirka da Turai | 3,616,754 | 194 |- | Asiya da Fasifik | 56,738,386 | 329 |- | Afirka ta Kudu | 4,640,456 | 80 |- | Afirka ta Yamma | 5,072,468 | 137 |} A cikin shekarar kasafin kudi ta a shekarar 2016, CARE ta ba da rahoton kasafin kudi sama da Euro miliyan 574 da ma'aikatan 9,175 (94% daga cikin su 'yan asalin kasar da suke aiki). ==Amsar gaggawa == CARE tana tallafawa taimakon gaggawa gami da rigakafi, shirye-shirye, da shirye-shiryen dawowa. A cikin shekarar 2016, CARE a gwargwadon rahoto ya kai sama da mutane miliyan 7.2 ta hanyar taimakon agaji. Babban mahimman sassan CARE don amsar gaggawa sune Tsaron Abinci, Mahalli, WASH da Lafiyar [[Jima]]'i da Haihuwa. CARE shine mai sanya hannu kan manyan ka'idodin agaji na duniya da ka'idodi gudanarwa ciki har da Code of Conduct for the [[Kungiyar Agaji Ta Red Cross Ta Duniya|International Red Cross]] and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief, the Sphere standards, and the Humanitarian Accountability Partnership (HAP) ka'idodi da Kima. == Hanyoyin sadarwa da kawance == CARE mai sa hannu ne ga ka'idodi masu zuwa na shiga tsakani: Code of Conduct for The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief, Sphere standards, and the Core Humanitarian Standard As da kyau, CARE memba ne na wasu cibiyoyin sadarwa da nufin inganta inganci da daidaito na taimakon agaji: Tsarin Ginin Gaggawar Gaggawa, Consortium na Britishungiyoyin Agaji na Biritaniya, Learningungiyar Koyon Aiki don Kula da Aiki Ayyukan Jin Kai, Kwamitin Gudanarwa don Amincewa da Jin Kai, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Hukumomin Agaji, da Yarjejeniyar Kula da InGO. Hakanan CARE tana shiga cikin kamfen neman tallafi tare da wasu manyan kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu. Gangamin Duniya na Canjin Yanayi misali guda ne. == Bayani ==   == Hanyoyin hadin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.care-international.org}} lhhy6gt11r5p2fawutpxw9s559nmuk7 0 22439 863814 859724 2026-06-22T11:17:03Z Aisha Indo 46229 /* */ 863814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jane CS Long ƙwararriyar''' masaniyar Amurka ce mai ilimin makamashi da yanayi . Ta kuma kasance Mataimakiyar Darakta a Labarin Kasa na Lawrence Livermore kuma memba ce a Kungiyar (asar Amirka don Ci gaban Kimiyya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jane Long selected as LLNL's Associate Director for Energy and Environment {{!}} Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory|url=https://www.llnl.gov/news/jane-long-selected-llnls-associate-director-energy-and-environment|access-date=2020-12-03|website=www.llnl.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Jane Long|url=https://thebreakthrough.org/people/jane-long|access-date=2020-12-03|website=The Breakthrough Institute|language=en}}</ref> Long itace Babban Masanin Kimiyyar bada Gudummawa na Kravis, da kuma Asusun Tsaron Muhalli.<ref>{{Cite web|title=EDF's contributing scientists|url=https://www.edf.org/about/edfs-contributing-scientists|access-date=2020-12-03|website=Environmental Defense Fund|language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa == Long ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin kimiyyavdaga Makarantar Injiniya ta Jami'ar Brown da masanan da digirgir daga jami'ar [[California]], Berkeley.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-10-06|title=Jane C.S. Long|url=https://www.ce-conference.org/person/jane-cs-long|access-date=2020-12-03|website=Climate Engineering in Context 2021|language=en|archive-date=2021-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116182132/https://ce-conference.org/person/jane-cs-long|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Cohan|first=Ellen|date=2015-04-20|title=Jane Long|url=https://www.climateone.org/people/jane-long|access-date=2020-12-03|website=Climate One|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Jane C.S. Long|url=https://ccst.us/people/uncategorized/jane-c-s-long-ccst-council-member/|access-date=2020-12-03|website=California Council on Science & Technology (CCST)|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507140239/https://ccst.us/people/uncategorized/jane-c-s-long-ccst-council-member/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Daga shekara ta 1997 zuwa shekara ta 2003 Long tayi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Makarantar Mackay na Kimiyyar Duniya da Injiniya a Jami'ar [[Nevada]], Reno . A halin yanzu tana aiki azaman mai tsara yanayi a Majalisar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta California . == Manazarta ==   [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Yanayi]] cmnnirep7p06h3xkdw6qvgcdo9ki4qh 0 22444 863577 566683 2026-06-21T23:18:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nina Vankova Nikolova''' ƙwararriyar masaniyar yanayin ƙasar [[Bulgeriya|Bulgaria]] ce, kuma farfesa ce a Jami’ar Sofia.<ref name="Топлийски">{{Cite web|last=Топлийски|first=Димитър|date=|title=Рецензия от проф. дгн Димитър Топлийски|url=https://www.uni-sofia.bg/index.php/bul/content/download/203583/1383647/version/1/file/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F+-+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84.+%D0%B4%D0%B3%D0%BD+%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+-+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%86.+%D0%B4-%D1%80+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.pdf|access-date=2019-05-19|website=|publisher=Софийски университет|language=bg|quote=|archive-date=2021-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713105017/https://www.uni-sofia.bg/index.php/bul/content/download/203583/1383647/version/1/file/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F+-+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84.+%D0%B4%D0%B3%D0%BD+%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+-+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%86.+%D0%B4-%D1%80+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Матеева">{{Cite web|last=Матеева|first=Зоя|date=|title=Рецензия от проф. д-р Зоя Матеева|url=https://www.uni-sofia.bg/index.php/bul/content/download/203585/1383655/version/1/file/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F+-+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84.+%D0%B4-%D1%80+%D0%97%D0%BE%D1%8F+%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0+-+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%86.+%D0%B4-%D1%80+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.pdf|access-date=2019-05-19|website=|publisher=Софийски университет|language=bg|quote=|archive-date=2021-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713105019/https://www.uni-sofia.bg/index.php/bul/content/download/203585/1383655/version/1/file/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F+-+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84.+%D0%B4-%D1%80+%D0%97%D0%BE%D1%8F+%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0+-+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%86.+%D0%B4-%D1%80+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Христова">{{Cite web|last=Христова|first=Нели|date=|title=Рецензия от проф. д-р Нели Христова|url=https://www.uni-sofia.bg/index.php/bul/content/download/203580/1383635/version/1/file/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F+-+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84.+%D0%B4-%D1%80+%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0+-+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%86.+%D0%B4-%D1%80+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.pdf|access-date=2019-05-19|website=|publisher=Софийски университет|language=bg|quote=|archive-date=2021-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713105022/https://www.uni-sofia.bg/index.php/bul/content/download/203580/1383635/version/1/file/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F+-+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84.+%D0%B4-%D1%80+%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0+-+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%86.+%D0%B4-%D1%80+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == Nikolova ta kammala karatu a jami'ar Sofia a cikin shekara ta 1991 tare da digiri a fannin ilimin kasa. Ta kare karatun digirin digirgir a fannin "Canje-canje a yanayin zafin a yankin tsaunuka na Bulgaria" {{Efn|{{lang|bg-BG|"Изменения на температурата на въздуха в извънпланинската част на България"}}}} a ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1991. Daga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1999 zuwa watan Janairun shekara ta 2000, ta kasance kwararriya a Cibiyar Nazarin Hasashen yanayi a Tsukuba, Japan, inda ta gudanar da bincike kan sauyin yanayi na duniya da na yanki. Tun a shekara ta 2001 aka nada ta a matsayin mataimakiya, sannan kuma a matsayin babbar mataimakiya a sashen nazarin yanayi, ilimin kimiyyar halittu da na ruwa a fannin Kimiyyar kasa da kasa a Jami’ar Sofia. A shekara ta 2001 aka nada ta a matsayin kwararriyar ilimin kasa a Cibiyar Nazarin Hasashen yanayi da Hydrology a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Bulgaria. Sannan tun daga watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2008 ta kasance mai nuna isa, kuma a cikin shekara ta 2018 ta zama farfesa. Ita edita ce ta mujallu na duniya Geographica Pannonica, Forum Geografie, Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Bulletin of the Serbian Geographical Society, da Geographic Society of the Republic of Srpska. Ita memba ce ta Kungiyar Kasashen Duniya na Yanayi na andasashe da Kungiyar Kasashen Duniya na omasa a Bulgaria. Ita ce marubuciya ko kuma marubuciya a cikin rubutun guda 70, nazarin, rahotanni, da littattafan karatu. == Manazarta == <references /> ===Bayanan kula=== {{Notelist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nina-Nikolova-4 Nina Nikolova] a kamfanin ResearchGate * [https://scholar.google.bg/citations?user=VIDnWmAAAAAJ&hl=bg Littattafan Nina Nikolova] a Google masani [[Category:Haifaffun 1968]] [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] b7v8jrvjf71526uk29h3o4qnqcjlbjz 0 24142 863185 842905 2026-06-21T15:02:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863185 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Flag of al-Qassam Brigades.svg|25px]] Majalisar '''Shura ta Mujahidin da ke cikin Kudus''' ko kuma kawai '''Majalisar Shura Mujahideen''' (wanda kuma aka sani da '''Majalisar Shura Mujahidin Kudus''', da Larabci: '''Majlis Shura Al-Mujahideen''', <ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2012/10/13/world/meast/gaza-israeli-airstrike Israeli airstrike targets terror operatives in Gaza], CNN 15-10-2012</ref> '''Magles Shoura al-Mujahedeen''', da sauran sunaye) kungiyar Salafiyya mai dauke da makamai alaƙa da [[al-Qaeda]] <ref name="lwjjun19">Thomas Joscelyn, [http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2012/06/al_qaeda-linked_grou.php Al Qaeda-linked group claims responsibility for attack in Israel], Long War Journal ([[Foundation for the Defense of Democracies]]) 19-06-2012</ref> da ke aiki a yankin Sinai na [[Misra|Masar]] da cikin [[Zirin Gaza]] . The kungiyar da aka kafa a shekarar 2011 ko zuwa shekara ta 2012 by [[Salafiyya|Salafi]] Islama Hisham Al-Saedni (kuma aka sani da Abu al Walid al Maqdisi) , don gudanar da ayyuka na Salafi yan jihadi da ke yaki a Gaza tun kafin ma a Masar juyin juya halin shekarar 2011 <ref name="lwjaug6">Bill Roggio, [http://www.longwarjournal.org/threat-matrix/archives/2012/08/mujahideen_shura_council_denie.php Mujahideen Shura Council denies involvement in Sinai assault] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815060109/http://www.longwarjournal.org/threat-matrix/archives/2012/08/mujahideen_shura_council_denie.php |date=2014-08-15 }}, Long War Journal ([[Foundation for the Defense of Democracies]]) 06-08-2012</ref> kuma ta kai hare -hare kan fararen hula a [[Isra'ila]] . <ref name="lwjjun19" /> Ƙungiyar ta bayyana tashe -tashen hankulan da ake yi wa Yahudawa a matsayin wani nauyi na addini wanda ke kusantar da masu aikata shi zuwa ga Allah. <ref name="lions">[http://www.ansar1.info/showthread.php?t=42323 Response of the lions to the aggressions of the Jews: Shelling Zionist Sderot with three rockets] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200512143137/http://www.ansar1.info/showthread.php?t=42323 |date=2020-05-12 }}, Majlis Shura Al-Mujahidin 01-09-2012</ref> Al-Saedni, wanda shi ne shugaban kungiyar kuma shi ma na Jahafil Al-Tawhid Wal-Jihad fi Filastin, an kashe shi ne a wani hari da Isra’ila ta kai Gaza a ranar 14 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2012. Ƙungiyar tana karkashin kungiyar Al-Qaeda a yankin Sinai tun daga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012. <ref>http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2012/08/global_jihadists_ove.php</ref> A watan Fabrairun a shekara ta 2014, kungiyar ta bayyana goyon bayanta ga Daular [[Daular Musulunci ta Iraƙi|Islama ta Iraki da Levant]] . A rukunin da aka sanya a kungiyar 'yan ta'adda ta Gwamnatin Amirka, a ranar 19 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 2014. A cikin bayanin ta kuma na sanya sunan Ma'aikatar Jiha ta lura cewa:<blockquote>Majalisar Shura na Mujahidin a Yankunan Kudus kungiya ce da ta kunshi wasu kungiyoyin 'yan ta'adda masu da'awar jihadi da ke zaune a Gaza wadanda suka dauki alhakin kai hare-hare da dama kan Isra'ila tun lokacin da aka kafa kungiyar a shekara ta 2012. Misali, a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2013, MSC ta dauki alhakin harin roka da aka kai a kudancin Eilat, Isra'ila. A baya, MSC ta dauki alhakin harin da aka kai ranar 21 ga watan Maris,shekara ta 2013 inda mayakan na Gaza suka harba akalla rokoki biyar kan Sderot, Isra’ila, da kuma harin 17 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2013 inda kuma aka harba rokoki biyu kan Eilat, Isra’ila. Baya ga harba makaman roka, MSC ta ayyana kanta da alhakin kai harin IED na kan iyakar Gaza da Isra’ila a ranar 18 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 2012 wanda ya nufi wurin ginin Isra’ila, inda ya kashe farar hula guda. Baya ga wadannan hare -hare na zahiri, MSC ta fitar da wata sanarwa a cikin watan Fabrairu na shekara ta 2014 da ke bayyana goyon baya ga Daular [[Daular Musulunci ta Iraƙi|Musulunci ta Iraki da Levant]] .</blockquote>Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin shine ''Jahafil Al-Tawhid Wal-Jihad fi Filastin'' (ko ''al-Tawhid wal-Jihad'', "Hadin kai da Jihadi") wanda aka kafa a ranar 6 gawatan Nuwamba shekara ta 2008 kuma yana da alaƙa da Al Qaeda. A shekarar 2011 kuma Hisham Al-Saedni ne ya jagoranci kungiyar. Wata ƙaramar ƙungiya ita ce Ansar al Sunnah, wacce ta ɗauki alhakin hare-haren rokoki da dama kan Isra’ila, ciki har da harin roka a cikin Satan Maris shekara ta 2010 wanda ya kashe ma’aikacin Thai a Isra’ila. Bayan harin da aka kai a watan Maris na shekara ta 2010, Haaretz ta ba da rahoton cewa "da alama ƙungiyar tana da alaƙa da Jund Ansar Allah ," wata ƙungiyar jihadi da ke aiki a Gaza. <ref name="longwarjournal" /> == Hare -hare == === 18 gawatan Maris shekara ta 2010 === Mayakan da ke da alaka da kungiyar sun harba makamin roka a Isra'ila, inda suka kashe ma'aikaci daga [[Tailan|Thailand]] . Daga baya kungiyar ta dauki alhakin kai harin. <ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2010/3/18/gaza-rocket-kills-worker-in-israel Gaza rocket kills worker in Israel]</ref> === 18 gawatan Yuni shekara ta 2012 === Kungiyar ta dauki alhakin kai harin kan iyaka a Isra’ila a ranar 18 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2012, lokacin da maharan suka tayar da bam din da aka dasa kusa da kan iyakar Masar da Isra’ila sannan suka bude wuta kan motocin da ke dauke da ma’aikatan gini. Isra'ila farar hula Saeed Fashafshe, a 35-shekara [[Larabawa|Arab]] mazaunin na Haifa da wani aure uba na hudu, da aka kashe, kamar yadda suka akalla biyu daga cikin 'yan ta'adda. <ref name="lwjjun19"/> <ref>[http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/haifa-man-named-as-victim-of-terrorist-attack-on-egypt-border-1.437130 Haifa man named as victim of terrorist attack on Egypt border] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150604234852/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/haifa-man-named-as-victim-of-terrorist-attack-on-egypt-border-1.437130 |date=2015-06-04 }}, Haaretz 16-06-2012</ref> <ref>[http://www.ict.org.il/ResearchPublications/DatabaseReports/tabid/380/Articlsid/1102/currentpage/1/Default.aspx ICT Database Insight: “The Mujahideen Shura Council in the Environs of Jerusalem" A New Player in the Lawless “Wild West” of the Sinai Peninsula?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131010034717/http://www.ict.org.il/ResearchPublications/DatabaseReports/tabid/380/Articlsid/1102/currentpage/1/Default.aspx |date=2013-10-10 }}, [[International Institute for Counter-Terrorism]] 20-08-2012</ref> A wani faifan bidiyo, kungiyar ta ce an sadaukar da harin ne ga Osama bin Laden da masu jihadi na Syria . Ta kuma kara da cewa tana yin jihadi "don zama tubalin gini a cikin aikin duniya wanda ke nufin dawo da [[Khalifofi|Khalifancin]] da ya dace da tsarin [[Shari'a|Shariah]] tsarkakakke". Ta bayyana shugabannin harin a matsayin [[Misra|dan]] kasar Masar Khalid Salah Abdul Hadi Jadullah (wanda aka fi sani da Abu Salah al Masri) da kuma [[Saudi Arebiya|dan]] kasar Saudiyya Adi Saleh Abdullah al Fudhayli al Hadhli (wanda aka fi sani da Abu Hudhayfa al Hudhali). <ref name="lwjjun19"/> <ref>[http://www.timesofisrael.com/islamic-group-claims-responsibility-for-mondays-terror-attack/ Islamic group claims responsibility for attack on Egypt border], Times of Israel 19-06-2012</ref> <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18503549 Hamas fires barrage of rockets into Israel], BBC News 19-06-2012</ref> A wata sanarwa ta bidiyo da aka fitar daga baya a watan Yuli, kungiyar ta bayyana harin a matsayin "kyauta ga 'yan uwanmu a [[Al-Qaeda|Qaedat al-Jihad]] da Sheikh Zawahiri " da kuma daukar fansa kan mutuwar Osama bin Laden . <ref>Bill Roggio, [http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2012/07/egyptian_jihadist_gr.php Mujahideen Shura Council calls attack in Israel a 'gift' to Zawahiri and al Qaeda 'brothers'], Long War Journal ([[Foundation for the Defense of Democracies]]) 30-07-2012</ref> <ref name="lwjoct7">David Barnett, [http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2012/10/israel_targets_mujah.php Israel targets Mujahideen Shura Council and Global Jihad terrorists in Gaza], Long War Journal ([[Foundation for the Defense of Democracies]]) 07-10-2012</ref> === 26 gawatan Agusta shekara ta 2012 === Kungiyar ta harba rokoki uku a garin Sderot na Isra'ila a ranar 26 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 2012. Daya daga cikin rokokin ya lalata wani gini a yankin masana'antu kusa da birnin. Mutum daya ya ji rauni sosai kuma na biyun an yi masa magani don matsanancin damuwa . <ref>[http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/159309#.UVSnVBzmhrI Salafi Terrorists: Jihad Against 'Criminal Jews' is a Duty], Israel National News 27-08-2012</ref> A cikin wata sanarwa ta intanet, kungiyar ta dauki alhakin harin kuma ta roki Allah da ya “taimake mu kan mutanen da ba su da imani”. Ya nanata abubuwa masu zuwa yayin bayyana dalilan harin: * [[Jihadi]] don neman yardar Allah [[Yahudawa|a kan yahudawa]] masu aikata laifi wajibi ne da muke kusanci da Allah a duk lokacin da muka sami wata hanya zuwa ga hakan, a kowane wuri, ta hanyar abin da Allah ya sauƙaƙa mana daga dalilan iko da tunkuɗewa. * Yana da wani dama ga Mujahidin na al'ummar musulmi, don tallafa wa da kuma taimako a gare su, kuma shi ne unacceptable cewa wani ɓangare na hari su da musguna ko zalunci ko ya kama, muddin suka yi kawai bar yin wani takalifi da ake bukata daga kowane Musulmi a cikin wani lokaci lokacin da da yawa ke kin zuwa jihadi. * Dukan waɗanda aka tsarkake a cikin kungiyoyin kamata girgiza kashe kurar wulakanci da zaune da baya zaton ga mutum kango na wannan Duniya, kuma ya tashi sama, don tallafa wa addini da kuma kare su sanctities, kuma ya kamata su tuna cewa sun kawai shiga ga} ungiyoyi da jihadi don neman yardar Allah. * Bari Yahudawa su sani cewa wurare masu tsarki, tsarkakakku da jini suna da maza waɗanda ba sa yin bacci a kan zalunci, kuma ba sa jin daɗin wulakanci, kuma suna kashe jininsu da abin da suka mallaka da arha don hakan, kuma abin da ke zuwa ya fi muni da ƙari. mai ɗaci da yardar Allah Mai ɗaukar fansa. <ref name="lions"/> === Martani daga rundunar tsaron Isra'ila === A ranar 7 gawatan Oktoban shekara ta 2012, Sojojin Tsaron Isra’ila (IDF) da Hukumar Tsaro ta Isra’ila sun kai hari ta sama a kudancin [[Zirin Gaza|Zirin Gaza inda suka]] nufi Tala’at Halil Muhammad Jarbi, wanda IDF ta ce yana da hannu wajen tsarawa da aiwatar da ranar 18 ga watan Yuni. kai hari da sauran ayyukan ta’addanci a Zirin Gaza. Har ila yau, wanda aka kai harin ta sama, Abdullah Muhammad Hassan Maqawai, wanda aka ce dan kungiyar ne. <ref name="lwjoct7"/> A ranar 14 gawatan Oktoban a shekara ta 2012, an kashe al-Saedni yayin da yake kan babur a harin da Isra’ila ta kai. Isra'ila ta ce tana mayar da martani ne kan harin roka da aka kai kan kudancin Isra'ila tun farko. === 21 gawatan Maris shekara ta 2013 === Da misalin karfe 7:15 na safe a ranar 21 gawatan Maris shekara ta 2013, a rana ta biyu ta ziyarar da Shugaban [[Barack Obama|Amurka Barack Obama ya]] kai Isra’ila, kungiyar ta harba rokoki hudu daga Beit Hanoun zuwa Sderot, lamarin da ya haifar da fargaba a cikin al’ummomin yankin tare da tilasta mazauna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa aiki ko makaranta don gudu zuwa mafakar bam. Makamin roka daya ya bugi bayan gidan wani gida a cikin birnin, inda ya fantsama cikin bango tare da farfasa tagogi. Wani makamin na biyu ya sauka a wani yanki a cikin yankin Yankin Sha'ar Hanegev da ke kewaye. Makamin roka biyu da suka rage sun sauka a cikin zirin Gaza. Ba a samu rahoton raunuka ba. <ref>[http://www.jpost.com/National-News/Two-rockets-slam-into-Sderot-during-Obama-visit-307212 Two rockets slam into Sderot during Obama visit], Jerusalem Post 21-03-2013</ref> <ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4359306,00.html Rockets hit Sderot as Obama visits Israel], Ynet News 21-03-2013</ref> <ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2013/03/21/barack-obama-israel-visit.html Gaza militants fire 2 rockets at Israel as Obama visits region], CBC 21-03-2013</ref> Kungiyar ta dauki alhakin kai harin, inda ta bayyana cewa an yi hakan ne domin nuna cewa tsaron sararin samaniyar Isra’ila ba zai iya dakatar da kai hare -hare kan kasar Yahudawa ba. <ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-palestinians-obama-claim-idUSBRE92K0MR20130321 Islamist group says it fired rockets at Israel from Gaza], Reuters 21-03-2013</ref> === Kungiyar Hamas === A watan Yulin Shekara ta 2013, Hamas ta murkushe ayyukan PRC da MSC a Gaza, tare da kame membobinsu da yawa. <ref>[http://www.longwarjournal.org/threat-matrix/archives/2013/07/popular_resistance_committees.php Popular Resistance Committees calls on Hamas to stop arrests of 'mujahideen'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212210803/http://www.longwarjournal.org/threat-matrix/archives/2013/07/popular_resistance_committees.php |date=2015-02-12 }} July 22, 2013</ref> == Karyatawa == Kungiyar ta musanta hannu a harin kan iyakar Masar da Isra’ila a watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, inda aka kashe sojojin Masar guda sha shidda 16 sannan aka kai hari kan iyakar Isra’ila. <ref name="lwjaug6"/> == Duba kuma == * Majalisar Shura Mujahid (Iraki) * Majalisar Shura Mujahid (Afghanistan) == Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fsyn7hi58g39itgvsodnnfa7k0ko0o1 0 24266 863721 447929 2026-06-22T07:34:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863721 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''George Alfred Grant''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Paa Grant''' (15 ga Agusta 1878 - 30 ga Oktoba 1956), ɗan kasuwa ne kuma ɗan siyasa a cikin Gold Coast<ref name="Biography">{{Cite web |url=http://www.thepaagrantsa.com/biography.html |title=Biography, The Paa Grant Soccer Academy Official Website. |access-date=23 August 2021 |archive-date=23 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423222008/http://www.thepaagrantsa.com/biography.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> wanda ake kira "mahaifin siyasar Gold Coast".<ref name="JoyOnline">[http://politics.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/200703/2735.php "Overpass to be named after Paa Grant"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030100/http://politics.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/200703/2735.php |date=2016-03-04 }}, Joy Online, 22 August 2007.</ref> A matsayinsa na mai fafutukar siyasa, shine wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban farko na United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) a watan Agustan 1947.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-03-22|title=Overpass to be named after Paa Grant|url=https://www.ofm.ghanaonline.com/news/overpass-to-be-named-after-paa-grant/|access-date=2020-08-03|website=MyJoyOnline.com|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ghana pays tribute to founders' - Graphic Online|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/ghana-pays-tribute-to-founders.html|access-date=2020-08-05|website=www.graphic.com.gh|language=en-gb}}</ref> Ya kuma kasance daya daga cikin Mahaifan da suka kafa kasar Ghana.<ref>McFarland, Daniel Miles, "Grant, 'Pa' George Alfred", ''Historical Dictionary of Ghana'', 1985, p. 92.</ref> Ya biya [[Kwame Nkrumah]] ya dawo Ghana daga Amurka. == Tarihin Rayuwa == === Ilimi da fara aiki === An haifi Grant a 1878 a Beyin, Western Nzema, cikin dan kasuwa mai tasiri. Ya kasance ɗan William Minneaux Grant da Madam Adjua (Dwowa) Biatwi na dangin Aboradze, kuma jikan Francis Chapman Grant,<ref name="Biography" /> mai mallakar ''Gold Coast Times'' kuma ma’aji na [[Ƙungiyar Fante]].<ref name="Makers">"Grant, G. A. (1878–1956)", in ''Makers of Modern Africa: Profiles in History'', Africa Journal Ltd for Africa Books Ltd, 1981, pp. 189–90.</ref> Grant ya yi karatu a Makarantar Wesleyan da ke Cape Coast yanzu Makarantar Mfantsipim kuma ta hanyar koyarwa mai zaman kansa da Joseph D. Abraham ya bayar, wani attajiri abokin abokin mahaifinsa.<ref name="Biography" /> Daga baya Grant ya sami aiki a kasuwancin katako, na farko a Axim sannan na tsawon shekaru biyar a Ivory Coast.<ref name="Makers" /> A cikin 1896, ya kafa kamfani nasa, George Grant da Kamfanin. Ya bunƙasa a matsayin ɗan kasuwar katako, tare da bunƙasa kasuwancin fitar da kaya, a lokacin da kamfanonin Turai suka mamaye kasuwancin.<ref name="Makers" /> Ya ziyarci Biritaniya a 1905 kuma lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Farko a 1914, ya kulla alaƙar kasuwanci tare da manyan kamfanonin katako a Turai da Amurka. Tsakanin 1914 zuwa 1919 ya yi hayar jiragen ruwa don jigilar katako zuwa Burtaniya da Amurka. Ya buɗe ofisoshinsa a London, Liverpool da Hamburg tsakanin 1920 zuwa 1922, kuma a cikin Gold Coast ya faɗaɗa ayyukan zuwa Dunkwa, Sekondi da Akim Abuakwa.<ref name="Makers" /> A 1926 an nada shi a Majalisar Dokoki, mai wakiltar Sekondi. Grant ya kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Kare Hakkokin Aborigines kuma ya kasance mai taimakawa a cikin ayyukan ci gaba da yawa,<ref name="Biography" /> gami da gabatar da hasken titi da ruwan da ke ɗauke da bututu zuwa Sekondi da Axim.<ref name="JoyOnline" /> === Harkokin siyasa da rayuwa ta gaba === A lokacin da bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Grant ya fahimci cewa 'yan Afirka a yankin Gold Coast suna fama da al'adun mulkin mallaka da yawa waɗanda ke nuna wariya da rashin jin daɗi,<ref name="Biography" /> don haka ya yanke shawarar ɗaukar matakai don magance ƙarancin wakilcin bukatun Afirka.<ref name="Makers" /> Ya gayyaci J.B. Danquah da sauran su zuwa wani taro don kaddamar da jam'iyyar masu kishin kasa. Kimanin mutane 40, ciki har da lauyoyi R. A. Awoonor-Williams, Edward Akufo-Addo, da Emmanuel Obetsebi-Lamptey, sun hadu a Saltpond kuma an kafa United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) a ranar 4 ga Agustan 1947, tare da burin cimma mulkin kai. An zabi [[Kwame Nkrumah]] babban sakataren UGCC, bayan da [[Ebenezer Ako-Adjei]] ya bashi shawara,<ref name="JoyOnline" /> kuma Grant ya biya kudin jirgi na Nkrumah na fam 100 don komawa Ghana daga Liverpool a waccan shekarar.<ref>Birmingham, David, ''Kwame Nkrumah: The Father of African Nationalism'' (revised edition), Ohio University Press, 1998.</ref> Daga baya Nkrumah ya rabu da UGCC don kafa Jam'iyyar Jama'a (CPP), kuma a ƙarshe Grant ya fi mai da hankali kan kasuwancinsa fiye da siyasa. Koyaya, sun ci gaba da tuntuɓar juna, kuma Nkrumah ya ziyarce shi kwanaki biyu kafin mutuwar Grant a Axim a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 1956, yana ɗan shekara 78.<ref name="JoyOnline" /> A cikin 1955 ya sha fama da harin apoplexy wanda daga baya bai warke gaba daya ba.<ref>Grant-Acquah, Sarah Esi, [http://www.ghanaculture.gov.gh/index1.php?linkid=338&archiveid=549&page=1&adate=14/02/2007 "In the beginning was…PAA GRANT - And the UGCC"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031133034/http://www.ghanaculture.gov.gh/index1.php?linkid=338&archiveid=549&page=1&adate=14%2F02%2F2007|date=2018-10-31}}. From ''Daily Graphic'', 14 February 2007, via National Commission on Culture.</ref> == Iyali da rayuwar mutum == Yaran da ke rayuwa a halin yanzu sune Sarah Esi Grant, Mrs Rosamond Hammond-Grant, William Minneaux Grant, da jikoki da jikoki da yawa a fadin duniya. Sarah Esi Grant-Acquah, itace mahaifiyar lauya [[Phyllis Christian]].<ref>Christian, Phyllis M., [https://www.graphic.com.gh/features/opinion/the-sacrifices-men-make-a-memorial-to-george-alfred-grant.html "The sacrifices men make - A memorial to George Alfred Grant"], ''Graphic Online'', 30 October 2017.</ref> Sauran jikokin da aka sani sune: Georgina Grant, Margaret Grant, Stella Blay-Kwofie, Christine Blay-Kwofie, Dorothy Blay-Kwofie, Joyce Christian, Letitia Hammond, Rosamond Hammond, James Hemans Hammond, Matilda Hammond, Georgina Hammond, Emmanuel Hammond, George Hammond , Alberta Hammond, Lawrence Hammond, Yvonne Hammond, Samuel Duker-Ako, George Grant, Felix Grant, Sabina Grant, Kweku Robert Grant, Kwesi Brown Grant, Frances Grant, Maame Efua Lartey-Grant, Sefa Gohoho na Songhai Africa, Panafrican Luxury Kamfanin Kayayyakin Kaya. Wani dangi shine David Prah-Annan, Accra, Ghana. Paa Grant shima yana da alaƙa da marigayi Dr [[Mary Grant ('yar siyasar)|Mary Grant]]. == Tunawa da gado == Domin girmama rawar da Grant ya taka a fafutukar neman 'yancin kai, gwamnatin Ghana ta sanya sabon gadar sama a bayan sa a Caprice, a Accra.<ref>[http://www.modernghana.com/news/132588/1/paa-grant-honoured.html "Paa Grant Honoured"], ''Modern Ghana'', 21 March 2007.</ref><ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Flyover-to-be-named-after-Paa-Grant-121100 "Flyover to be named after Paa Grant"], ''GhanaWeb'', 20 March 2007.</ref> === Paa Grant Soccer Academy === Kim Tyrone Grant, tsohon dan wasan kasa na Ghana Black Stars, ya kafa Kwalejin Kwallon Kafa ta Paa Grant a shekarar 2009, don girmama “sadaukarwa da da'a na kakansa da ke taimakawa kawo 'yanci da' yancin kai ga dukkan 'yan Ghana daga mulkin mallaka har zuwa 1957".<ref>[http://www.thepaagrantsa.com/the_academy.php "Academy History"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626181404/http://www.thepaagrantsa.com/the_academy.php|date=26 June 2012}}, The Paa Grant Soccer Academy Official Website.</ref> === Jami'ar George Grant ta Ma'adinai da Fasaha === A ranar 12 ga Janairun 2018, Shugaba Akufo-Addo ya ba da sanarwar yayin wani taro na musamman da aka gudanar a jami'ar, da sauya sunan Jami'ar Ma'adinai da Fasaha (UMaT) wacce ke yankin Yammacin Gana, zuwa Jami'ar Ma'adinai da Fasaha ta George Grant. don girmama shi kasancewa uban kafa ga gwagwarmayar Ghana don samun 'yancin kai da kuma kasancewarsa ɗan aKara karantawa Ako Adjei, ''The Life and Work of George Alfred Grant (Paa Grant)'', Accra: Waterville Pub. House, 1992, 31 pp. Hanyoyin waje Mrs. Sarah Esi Grant-Acquah, "In the beginning was…PAA GRANT - And the UGCC". Excerpts from Recollections. Source: ''Daily Graphic'', Wednesday, 14 February 2007. National Commission on Culture. The author is the daughter of Paa Grant.Bernard Ralph Adams, "Paa Grant The Unsung Hero!", 31 December 2014.salin yankin yamma.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=13 January 2018|title=President applauds UMaT for renaming institution after George Grant - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/president-applauds-umat-for-renaming-institution-after-george-grant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-01-13|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Opoku|first=Emmanuel|date=2018-01-15|title=UMaT Renamed After Paa Grant|url=https://dailyguidenetwork.com/umat-renamed-paa-grant/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-01-13|website=DailyGuide Network|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Aryeh|first=Felix L.|title=UMaT renamed George Grant University of Mines and Technology|url=https://www.umat.edu.gh/index.php/media-press/happenings/news-events/551-umat-renamed-george-grant-university-of-mines-and-technology|access-date=2021-01-13|website=www.umat.edu.gh|language=en-gb|archive-date=2021-08-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823123809/https://www.umat.edu.gh/index.php/media-press/happenings/news-events/551-umat-renamed-george-grant-university-of-mines-and-technology|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> == Kara karantawa == * Ako Adjei, ''The Life and Work of George Alfred Grant (Paa Grant)'', Accra: Waterville Pub. House, 1992, 31 pp. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Mrs. Sarah Esi Grant-Acquah, "In the beginning was…PAA GRANT - And the UGCC". Excerpts from Recollections. Source: ''Daily Graphic'', Wednesday, 14 February 2007. National Commission on Culture. The author is the daughter of Paa Grant. * Bernard Ralph Adams, "Paa Grant The Unsung Hero!", 31 December 2014. n1fu0ybwqzoi92dhmjljrs4rkbxo4w9 0 25726 863595 419974 2026-06-22T04:05:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Olatunji Ariyomo''' (an haife shi 26 ga watan Yuni 1972) injiniya ne a Najeriya, mai ba da shawara akan fasaha kuma a halin yanzu mai ba da shawara ne na musamman kan makamashi a jihar Ondo kuma memba ne na Kwamitin Minista na Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya kan Wutar Lantarki tare da [[Abubakar Sani Sambo|Farfesa.]] [[Abubakar Sani Sambo]] a matsayin Shugaba <ref>[https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/fg-raises-22-man-task-force-on-power-to-improve-sector.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114034702/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/fg-raises-22-man-task-force-on-power-to-improve-sector.html|date=2020-01-14}} Daily Trust. Retrieved 5 May 2020</ref> <ref>Thisday Archive http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/may/10/0036.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002162001/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/may/10/0036.html |date=2021-10-02 }}</ref> Wanda aka fi sani da suna 'Tunji Light Ariyomo, ya "yi suna ... domin isar da (sakamako) akan amfani da fasaha komai karancin sa". <ref>[http://technologytimes.ng/technology-use-local-content-2015-election-change-inec-must-lead/] TechnologyTimes.ng. Retrieved on 3 August 2016.</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130324032558/http://www.allondostate.com/interview/interviews-one-on-one-with-olatunji-ariyomo-lght] Interview: One on One with Olatunji Ariyomo. allOndoState. (26 January 2011). Retrieved on 20 October 2011.</ref> Ya yi horo a matsayin masanin Injiniyan Makamashi a Jami’ar Sheffield (Ingila) sannan kuma a matsayin Injiniyan Gine -gine da gine -gine a Jami’ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Akure, Najeriya . Ariyomo mai ba da shawara ne ga ɓangaren [[Tattalin arziki|tattalin arziƙin da ke]] a Najeriya. <ref>http://www.gbengasesan.com/?p=232 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002162002/http://gbengasesan.com/?p=232 |date=2021-10-02 }}</ref> <ref>The Nation Newspaper http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/41528/1/Expert-canvasses-ICT-driven-economy/Page1.html</ref> <ref>[http://www.elombah.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2658:save-nigeria-project-how-to-retire-early-from-street-protests-a-barricades&catid=64:kayode-ajulo&Itemid=86 Save Nigeria Project: How to Retire Early From Street Protests & Barricades]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Elombah.com (16 January 2010). Retrieved on 20 October 2011.</ref> Ƙungiyar Mawaƙa ta Duniya ta zaɓe shi a matsayin Mawaƙin Duniya na yabo a 1995. Ya lashe babbar kyauta mafi girma, a duk fannonin injiniya, a gwajin ƙwararrun ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Najeriya (NSE) a cikin abincin Satumba (a Ibadan) a 2005. <ref name="thisdaylive.com">Ariyomo: Fixing Electricity Will Change the Trajectory of Nigeria's History http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/ariyomo-fixing-electricity-will-change-the-trajectory-of-nigerias-history/176702/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809045320/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/ariyomo-fixing-electricity-will-change-the-trajectory-of-nigerias-history/176702/ |date=2014-08-09 }}</ref> Dakta Olusegun Agagu ne ya nada shi a shekarar 2005 a matsayin babban mai kula da ayyukan hukumar bunkasa fasahar sadarwa ta jihar Ondo (2005-Feb. 2009). Ariyomo kuma marubuci ne, marubuci kuma marubucin littafin "Odundun, African Legendary Monarch" daya daga cikin rubutun da aka amince dasu don karatun sakandare a jihar Ondo.<references /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1972]] 33t761ebbw8jfwxokwhs1gi1t8j8ybm 0 26572 863820 856829 2026-06-22T11:26:50Z Aisha Indo 46229 An kirkira ta fassara "Early life" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345768810|Baaj Adebule]]" 863820 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Baaj Adebule''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 1988) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, samfurin, kuma Mai shirya fim-finai daga [[Jihar Ogun]] a Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021-01-17 |title=Nollywood / Baaj Adebule : "L’amour ne suffit pas pour faire fonctionner une relation" |url=https://l-frii.com/nollywood-baaj-adebule-lamour-ne-suffit-pas-pour-faire-fonctionner-une-relation/ |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=L-FRII |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ya fito a fina-finai na [[Nollywood]] tun shekarar 2012. Ya fara aikinsa a wasan kwaikwayo na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' kuma ya bayyana a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin kamar su ''Hush'', The Men's Club, Payday, ''Zena'', Uncloaked, The Governor, The Missing, A Soldier's Story 1 & 2, ''Omo Wa'', Beast Within, da The ''Moles''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Payday Full Movie Online, Comedy Film |url=https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811143258/https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |archive-date=2021-08-11 |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=www.digit.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2015 |title=I’ve always had passion for arts – Baaj Adebule |url=https://www.thenicheng.com/ive-always-had-passion-for-arts-baaj-adebule/}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Adebule a asibitin Jalupon da ke Surulere, [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]]. Ya shafe mafi yawan lokacin yaro a Maryland Legas, inda ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Seat of Wisdom da makarantar sakandare ta Caleb. Ya koma Surulere bayan kisan aurensa a shekara ta 2005. Adebule dan asalin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] ne kuma ɗan asalin yankin karamar hukumar [[Ijebu Ode]] ne na [[Kwalejin Fasahar Lafiya ta Jihar Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] . An haife shi a gidan [[Kirista]]. Mahaifinsa injiniya ne kuma mahaifiyarsa mai lissafi da kuma dan kasuwa. Shi ne ƙarami a cikin yara tara daga aure da yawa.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shekaru na makaranta sun mayar da hankali ga ilimi, yayin da iyayensa suka jaddada muhimmancin ilimi na yau da kullun. Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya mai da hankali kan wasanni da zane-zane, wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kwando, badminton, wasan tennis na tebur, da waƙa. A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, Adebule ya bayyana cewa ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta coci tun yana ƙarami da kuma memba na ƙungiyar fasaha ta makarantarsa. Adebule an fi saninsa da ƙaunar fina-finai, wanda ya mai da hankali kan bayan kisan iyayensa. A shekara ta 2005, Adebule ya fara halartar [[Jami'ar Covenant University|Jami'ar Alkawari]] a [[Jihar Ogun]] don nazarin tattalin arziki. Ya kammala karatu tare da aji na biyu a shekara ta 2009. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga cikin zane-zane da wasanni. Ya yi aiki a Multi Choice kusan kusan shekaru biyu kafin ya bar don mayar da hankali kan nishaɗi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Adebule ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo da kuma samfurin a cikin 2010 yayin da yake aiki a cikin aiki tara zuwa biyar. Zai je don sauraro da hotuna a lokacinsa na kyauta. Daga bisani ya sami karamin aiki a kan telenovela ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' . Tare da goyon bayan abokansa da danginsa, ya kasance mai takara a gasar Mista Najeriya ta 2011, inda ya zo na 4. A shekara ta 2012, ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma yin samfurin cikakken lokaci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ya sami jefa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa, gami da Asirin da Scandals, ''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'', yana aiki tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar Sola Sobowale, Victor Olaotan da sauransu. A shekara ta 2014, Adebule ta fito a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin irin su Four Crooks da ''Rookie'', Deadline, Studio, da Lekki Wives . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya fara fitowa na farko a cikin fim din A Soldier's Story, da kuma Road to Yesterday. Har ila yau a wannan shekarar, ya ƙaddamar da kamfanin samar da House of Baaj Pictures . Shirinsa na farko shi ne Seeing Betrayal, wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ya ci gaba da lashe mafi kyawun gajeren fim a Afirka 2015 a Zafaa Global Awards . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Sunan !Halinsa !Matsayi !Fitarwa !Daraktan |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' |Javier |Taimako |Telenovela |Mnet |- |''Asirin da abin kunya'' |Victor |Lead |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- |''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'' |Chris |Taimako |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''<nowiki/>'Yan wasa huɗu da Rookie'' |Toba |Taimako |Fim din |Eze Ugo Maduka |- |''Yankuna Biyu na tsabar kudi'' |Mai Hacking |Taimako |Jerin | - |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Lokaci na ƙarshe'' |Dauda |Lead |Jerin |[[Imoh Umoren]] |- |''Nazarin'' |Matashi |Taimako |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |''[[Lekki Wives|Matan Lekki]]'' |Daraktan |Taimako |Jerin |Albarka da Egbe |- |''Ganin Cin amana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Baaj Adebule |- |''[[A Soldiers Story (fim na 2015)|Labarin Soja]]'' |Kyaftin Dave |Taimako |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''[[Road to Yesterday (fim)|Hanyar zuwa jiya]]'' |Mai ba da abinci / Nurses |Taimako |Fim din |Ishaya Bako |- |''[[Shuga Naija|Shuga]]'' |Mai ba da abinci |Taimako |Jerin |Biyi Bamidele |- | rowspan="4" |2016 |''Batir Ba a haɗa su ba'' |Mutumin da ya faru |Lead |Gajeren fim |OluYomi Ososanya |- |''Hush'' |Adze |Lead |Telenovela |Vicor S. Tope O. & Pat |- |''Gwamna'' |Carl |Taimako |Jerin |Ema E. |- |''5 Ka yi'' |Segun |Lead |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="4" |2017 |''Ba a rufe shi ba'' |Godiya gaisuwa |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Wadanda suka ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Fim din |Seyi Babatope |- |''Abin sha'awa'' |Kevin |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Deolu Owu |- |''Kasancewa'' |Rashin Mata |Lead |Gajeren fim |Ayomide Adeleke |- | rowspan="12" |2018 |''Ƙananan Ƙungiyoyi'' |Tunde |Lead |SitCom |Sade Dada |- |''Armstrong'' |Dokta |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Fim din Maverick |- |''T.R.U.L.I.S.'' |Taiwo Mathews |Lead |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Ranar Biya&nbsp;&nbsp;'' |Bulus |Lead |Fim din |Lawrence Cheta |- |''Minti 30'' |Johnbull / JB |Taimako |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Magana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Amaka Sandra |- |''Jam'iyyar Bachelor'' |Abdul |Lead |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Ta hanyar Fast Lane'' |Yakubu |Lead |Jerin |Abiodun Williams |- |''Kungiyar'' |Tunde |Taimako |Fim din |Imoh Umoren |- |''Gidan Yaƙi'' |Adze Tsenogu |Lead |Telenovela |Yemi Filmboy Morafa |- |''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |- |''3 Bottles a kan tebur'' |Segun |Lead |Jirgin Sama |Baaj Adebule |- | rowspan="5" |2019 |''Ba daidai ba'' |Yahaya |Lead |Gajeren fim |Charles Obiemere |- |''Dabbar Cikinta'' |Stanley |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Zena'' |Loik |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Rust'' |Collins |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Kungiyar Maza Season 2'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |} == Early life == Ya yi yawancin lokacin yarintarsa a Maryland Lagos, inda ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Seat of Wisdom da kuma makarantar sakandare ta Caleb. Mahaifinsa injiniya ne kuma mahaifiyarsa mai akwai ce sannan kuma ƴar kasuwa. Shekarun da ya yi a makaranta sun fi mayar da hankali kan ilimi, yayin da iyayensa suka jaddada muhimmancin ilimin boko. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6dvdzmtqbbq2sl972cqjgm6g8f281gy 0 27353 863819 445543 2026-06-22T11:19:17Z Aisha Indo 46229 /* */ 863819 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dogon Dare''' fim ne na Nollywood na shekarar 2015 wanda Ike Nnaebue ya bada umarni.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2015/12/a-long-night.html|title=A Long Night|last=nollywoodreinvented|date=2015-12-28|website=Nollywood REinvented|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/a-long-night-watch-making-of-film-featuring-uche-jombo-van-vicker-julius-agwu-video/pn6hd8w|title=Watch making of film featuring Uche Jombo, Van Vicker, Julius Agwu [Video]|date=2015-10-29|website=Entertainment|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-14}}</ref> == Labari == Wasu ƴan fashi da makami sun kai wa wani iyali hari wanda ya kamata a ce sun yi fashi a dare ɗaya, amma ba su samu kuɗin da suke nema ba sai da suka jira har washegari kafin su samu kuɗin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.talkafricanmovies.com/a-long-night/|title=A LONG NIGHT|date=2016-05-02|website=Talk African Movies|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-14}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=A Long Night|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt6783894/|access-date=2019-11-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x4te0qm|title=A Long Night [Official Trailer] Latest 2015 Nigerian Nollywood Drama Movie - video dailymotion|website=Dailymotion|language=en|access-date=2019-11-14}}</ref> == Yan wasa == * Van Vicker * Julius Agwu * Lepacious Bose * Peggy Ovire * [[Bayray McNwizu]] * [[Tamara Eteimo]] * [[Uche Jombo]] * Okey Uzoeshi == Manazarta== [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] [[Category:Fina-finai]] si4opod52snez91c8qup8gylrj0im9q 0 27590 863827 788975 2026-06-22T11:42:47Z Ummun Sultan 23935 An kirkira ta fassara "Career" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356904235|Biodun Stephen]]" 863827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Biodun Stephen''' [[Darakta|daraktan fina-finai]] ne na Najeriya, marubuciya kuma furodusa, wacce ta ƙware a fina-finan soyayya da barkwanci . An san ta da samun kwarin gwiwa don samun taken fina-finanta, daga manyan sunayen jarumai kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin fim ɗin tare da ''[[Tiwa's Baggage]]'', ''[[Ovy's Voice]]'', ''[[Ehi's Bitters]]'' da kuma ''[[Sobi's Mystic|Mystic's na Sobi]]'' a matsayin misalai masu kyau. == Rayuwar kai da ilimi == Biodun Stephen ta yi aure. <ref name="tribune22">{{Cite web |last=Gesinde |first=Tayo |date=25 February 2017 |title=Building and defining one's brand is quite challenging —Biodun Stephen Oladigbo |url=https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/66948/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130033325/https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/66948/ |archive-date=30 November 2018 |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=Nigeria Tribune}}</ref> Ta kammala karatun digiri a [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]], inda ta karanci falsafa. Bayan haka, ta yi horon shirya fina-finai a [[London Film Academy]].<ref name="tribune2">{{Cite web |last=Gesinde |first=Tayo |date=25 February 2017 |title=Building and defining one's brand is quite challenging —Biodun Stephen Oladigbo |url=https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/66948/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130033325/https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/66948/ |archive-date=30 November 2018 |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=Nigeria Tribune}}</ref> <ref name="guardian1">{{Cite web |last=Akutu |first=Geraldine |date=29 April 2018 |title=No better time to be in Nollywood than now |url=https://guardian.ng/art/no-better-time-to-be-in-nollywood-than-now/ |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> == Sana'a == Biodun Stephen ta fara aikin shirya fina-finai a shekarar 2014 da fitowar fim ɗin ''[[The Visit]]'' . An yaba wa fim ɗin saboda ƙarancin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, labarinsa da kuma asalinsa. Ya sami zaɓe biyu a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na [[Kyautar zaɓuɓɓuka masu kallon afirka|Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]] na 2016 da aka gudanar a Legas. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |date=26 July 2017 |title=Biodun Stephen is a consistent genius in romantic comedy storytelling |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/biodun-stephen-is-a-consistent-genius-in-romantic-comedy-genre-id7053155.html |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=Pulse |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130030448/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/biodun-stephen-is-a-consistent-genius-in-romantic-comedy-genre-id7053155.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A wata hira da Tribune kan fannoni daban-daban na aikinta, ta tuna cewa yin fim shine "ƙaunarta ta farko", amma ba ta sami wani ci gaba a ciki ba, don haka ta yanke shawarar inganta ta hanyar samun sabbin ƙwarewa a ƙasashen waje. Ta bayyana samar da dandamali don sadarwa da duniya a matsayin abin da ya sa ta shiga harkar shirya fina-finai. <ref name="tribune1">{{Cite web |last=Ige |first=Rotimi |date=2 June 2017 |title=Film-making makes me complete —Biodun Stephen |url=https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/95423/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130033323/https://www.tribuneonlineng.com/95423/ |archive-date=30 November 2018 |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=Daily Tribune}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, fim ɗin Stephen, ''[[Picture Perfect (2016 fim)|Picture Perfect]]'' ya sami zaɓe biyar, kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka biyu a bikin [[Best of Nollywood Awards|bayar da kyaututtuka na Best of Nollywood]] na 2017, don jerin fitattun jarumai a cikin rawar da suka taka ( [[Bolanle Ninalowo]] ) da kuma mafi kyawun amfani da abinci a cikin fim. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2017 |title=BON Awards 2017: A night of rising stars |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/12/bon-awards-2017-night-rising-stars/ |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=Vanguard}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |date=7 September 2017 |title=Bolanle Ninalowo, IK Ogbonna, Rachel Okonkwo, "What Lies Within" among nominees |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/best-of-nollywood-awards-2017-nominees-id7276316.html |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=Pulse |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130030444/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/best-of-nollywood-awards-2017-nominees-id7276316.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kuma lashe kyautar darakta mafi kyau a bikin [[Maya Awards (Africa)|bayar da kyaututtuka na Maya na 2016 (Afirka)]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=MAYA Awards Africa |url=https://www.mayaawardsafrica.com/mayaawardsafrica5-full-list-of-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815053435/https://www.mayaawardsafrica.com/mayaawardsafrica5-full-list-of-winners/ |archive-date=15 August 2018 |access-date=5 October 2018}}</ref> Da take magana da [[The Guardian (Najeriya)|Guardian]] game da asalin labaran soyayyarta, Stephen ta ce "Ina samun kwarin gwiwa daga abubuwan da na fuskanta, azabata, farin cikina, lokutan bakin ciki a rayuwata da kuma rayuwar mutanen da ke kewaye da ni". <ref name="guardian1"/> Saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin darakta a cikin ''[[Tiwa's Baggage]]'', an zaɓe ta a matsayin mafi kyawun darakta a 2018 [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|City People Movie Awards]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2018 |title=NOMINEES FOR 2018 CITY PEOPLE MOVIE AWARDS [FULL LIST] |url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/nominees-for-2018-city-people-movie-awards-full-list/ |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=City People}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2018, Guardian ta ba da shawarar fim ɗinta ''Seven and Half Dates'' a matsayin fim da za a gani a ƙarshen mako. <ref>{{Cite web |last=NDECHE |first=CHIDIRIM |date=31 August 2018 |title=Three Nollywood Films To Watch in Cinemas This Weekend |url=https://guardian.ng/life/film/three-nollywood-films-to-watch-in-cinemas-this-weekend/ |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> A cikin wata hira da Nigerian Tribune, Stephen ya tuna cewa an zaɓe ta a [[Kyautar zaɓuɓɓuka masu kallon afirka|AMVCA]] shine lokacin da ta fi samun nasara, kuma ya ba ta kwarin gwiwa don ci gaba da yin fim. Ta bayyana [[Emem Isong]] da [[Mary Njoku]] a matsayin mutane a cikin ɓangaren fina-finai wanda ke ba ta kwarin gwiwa. <ref name="tribune2"/> Fasahar da ta yi wajen samun wasu nau'ikan haruffa masu suna an nuna ta ta hanyar masu sukar fim. <ref>{{Cite web |title=SOBI'S MYSTIC |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2017/08/sobis-mystic.html |website=Nollywood Reinvented}}</ref> Baya ga yin fim, Stephen kuma jaruma ce a rediyo, inda take gabatar da wani shiri na karshen mako mai taken ''Whispers'' <ref name="tribune1"/> == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! rowspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Year ! rowspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Film ! colspan="3" style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Credited as ! rowspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Notes |- !Director !Producer !Writer |- |2015 |''[[The Visit]]'' |{{No}} |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |Got 2 nominations at [[2016 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|2016 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]]. |- | rowspan="2" |2016 |''[[Picture Perfect (2016 fim)|Picture Perfect]]'' |{{No}} |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |Won 2 awards at 2017 [[Best of Nollywood Awards]]. |- |''Happy Ending'' |{{No}} |{{No}} |{{Yes}} |Starred [[Lilian Afegbai]] and [[Chika Ike]] |- | rowspan="5" |2017 |''Glimpse'' |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |Starred [[Bisola Aiyeola]] and Okey Uzoeshi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |date=26 July 2017 |title=Biodun Stephen is a consistent genius in romantic comedy storytelling |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/biodun-stephen-is-a-consistent-genius-in-romantic-comedy-genre-id7053155.html |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=Pulse |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130030448/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/biodun-stephen-is-a-consistent-genius-in-romantic-comedy-genre-id7053155.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |''[[Tiwa's Baggage]]'' |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |Got nominated for director of the year at 2018 [[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|City People Movie Awards]]. |- |''[[Sobi's Mystic]]'' |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |{{Yes}} | |- |''[[Ovy's Voice]]'' |{{No}} |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |Starred [[Mofe Duncan]], [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]], [[Bisola Aiyeola]] and [[Uche Ogbodo]] |- |''[[Tough Love (fim na 2017)|Tough Love]]'' |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |Starred [[Bolaji Ogunmola]], [[Joshua Richard]] |- | rowspan="5" |2018 |''[[Seven and Half Dates]]'' |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |{{No}} |Screenplay by [[Joy Isi Bewaji]] and produced by [[Toyin Abraham]]. Starred [[Mercy Johnson]], [[Ali Nuhu]] and [[Jim Iyke]]. |- |''All Shades of Wrong'' |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |{{Yes}} |Starred [[Femi Jacobs]] and [[Bimbo Ademoye]] |- |''[[The ghost and the tout|The Ghost and the Tout]]'' |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |{{No}} |Produced by [[Toyin Abraham]] |- |''[[Ehi's Bitters]]'' |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |Starred [[Faithia Balogun|Fathia Balogun]] and [[Deyemi Okanlawon]] |- |''Last Days'' |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |{{No}} |Starred Susan Peters, Vivian Metchie, [[Bimbo Ademoye]] and Funsho Adeolu<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2017 |title=BON Awards 2017: A night of rising stars |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/12/bon-awards-2017-night-rising-stars/ |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=Vanguard}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |''[[Looking for Baami|Looking For Baami]]'' |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |Starred [[Bimbo Ademoye]] [[Femi Jacobs]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |date=7 September 2017 |title=Bolanle Ninalowo, IK Ogbonna, Rachel Okonkwo, "What Lies Within" among nominees |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/best-of-nollywood-awards-2017-nominees-id7276316.html |access-date=5 October 2018 |website=Pulse |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130030444/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/best-of-nollywood-awards-2017-nominees-id7276316.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |[[Joba (fim na 2019)|''Joba'']] |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |Played the role of Deaconess Frances |- | rowspan="2" |2021 |''[[Breaded Life]]'' |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} |{{Yes}} | |- |''[[Progressive Tailors Club]]'' |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |{{No}} |Produced by [[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |- |2022 |[[Aki and Pawpaw]] | {{Yes}} | {{No}} | {{No}} | |- |2023 |Sista | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |2023 |''Different Strokes'' |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |{{No}} | |- |2024 |''[[Muri & Ko]]'' |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |{{Yes}} | |} == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Shekara ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Kyauta ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Nau'i a matsayin ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Mai karɓa ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Sakamako ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Bayani |- | rowspan="2" | 2022 | rowspan="2" | [[2022 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyaututtukan Zaɓin Masu Kallon Afirka Magic]] | Mafi Kyawun Marubuci | ''[[Introducing the Kujus|Gabatar da Kujus]]''| {{Won}} | rowspan="2" | |- | Mafi kyawun Fim a Yammacin Afirka | ''[[Breaded Life|Rayuwa Mai Kyau]]''|{{Nom}} |} == Career == An yaba wa fim ɗin saboda ƙarancin jaruman da suka yi fice, labarinsa da kuma asalinsa. A wata hira da Tribune ta yi da ita kan fannoni daban-daban na aikinta, ta tuna cewa wasan kwaikwayo shine "ƙaunarta ta farko", amma ba ta sami wani ci gaba a ciki ba, don haka ta yanke shawarar inganta ta hanyar samun sabbin ƙwarewa a ƙasashen waje. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! rowspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | ! rowspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | ! colspan="3" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | ! rowspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | |- ! ! ! |- | | |{{no}} |{{yes}} |{{no}} | |- | rowspan="2" | | |{{no}} |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |- | |{{no}} |{{no}} |{{yes}} | |- | rowspan="5" | | |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |- | |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |- | |{{yes}} |{{no}} |{{yes}} | |- | |{{no}} |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |- |''[[Tough Love (2017 film)|Soyayya Mai Tsauri]]'' |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |{{no}} | |- | rowspan="5" | | |{{yes}} |{{no}} |{{no}} | |- | |{{yes}} |{{no}} |{{yes}} | |- | |{{yes}} |{{no}} |{{no}} | |- | |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |- | |{{yes}} |{{no}} |{{no}} | |- | rowspan="2" | | |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |- | |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |- | rowspan="2" | | |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |- | |{{yes}} |{{no}} |{{no}} | |- | | | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | |- | | | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} |- | | |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |{{No}} | |- | | |{{Yes}} |{{No}} |{{Yes}} | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|8723905}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] tuqbyvqlb7q2niuhmd6qvozmlywzr5u 0 27761 863597 844496 2026-06-22T04:37:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863597 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} [[Fayil:OluJacobs.jpg|thumb|Olu Jacobs]] '''Oludotun Baiyewu Jacobs''', (an haife shi ne a ranar 11 ga watan Yuli a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da arba'in da biyu (1942A.c), wanda akafi sani da sana'a da '''Olu Jacobs''', ɗan [[Ɗan Nijeriya|wasan]] kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya kuma mai gudanarwar fina-finai.<ref>{{Cite web|last=editor|date=2021-07-31|title=July: Of Exuberance and Melancholy|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/07/31/july-of-exuberance-and-melancholy/|access-date=2021-08-21|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref> Ya fito a matsayin tauraro a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Burtaniya da dama da fina-finai na duniya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/103563?view=credit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522052823/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/103563?view=credit|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 May 2009|title=Filmography of Olu Jacobs|publisher=[[British Film Institute|The British Film Institute]]|access-date=12 August 2010|location=London, UK}}</ref> Olu Jacobs ya samu yabo daga mutane da yawa a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan ’yan wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka a zamaninsa. Tare da Pete Edochie, kafofin watsa labaru da yawa, masu sharhi na fina-finai, masu sharhi, da sauran ƴan wasan kwaikwayo suna ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƴan wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka a kowane lokaci, kuma ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin alamar al'adu.<ref name=njoku >{{cite web |last1=Njoku |first1=Benjamin |title=Pete Edochie, Olu Jacobs: The living 'godfathers' of Nollywood |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/03/pete-edochie-olu-jacobs-the-living-godfathers-of-nollywood/ |website=Vanguard News |access-date=10 July 2020 |date=4 March 2019}}</ref> Ana ganinsa a matsayin tsani tsakanin tsofaffin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma sabbi. Jacobs yayi fice a fannin harkar fim a [[Najeriya]]. Tare da kwarewa a fannin harkan wasan kwaikwayo fiye da shekaru 40, ana kallonsa a matsayin gada tsakanin tsofaffi da sababbin nau'in 'yan wasan kwaikwayo.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2021}} horarwa, a Royal Academy of Arts ban mamaki, Ingila, ya kuma yi aiki tare da daban-daban repertoire sinimomi a kasar Birtaniya da kuma alamar tauraro a cikin wasu kasashen duniya fina-finai. A cikin shekara ta (200) ya lashe kyautar [[African Movie Academy Award]] don ''Mafi hazakar Jarumi a rawar Jagoran fim''.<ref name="newswatch">{{cite web|url=http://www.newswatchngr.com/editorial/allaccess/bob/10420161422.htm|title=A Race for Stars Only|last=Ogbu|first=Rachel|work=[[Newswatch (Nigeria)|Newswatch]]|access-date=9 August 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013023039/https://www.newswatchngr.com/editorial/allaccess/bob/10420161422.htm/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="amaa2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.ama-awards.com/winners2007.html|title=Nominees & Winners of AMAA 2007 @ a glance|publisher=The African Movie Academy Awards|access-date=11 September 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071210070846/http://www.ama-awards.com/winners2007.html|archive-date=10 December 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="male">{{cite news|url=http://www.mshale.com/article.cfm?articleID=1407|title=Africa Celebrates Film Industry at AMAA 2007|last=Coker|first=Onikepo|date=4 May 2007|work=Mshale Newspaper|publisher=Mshale Communications|access-date=5 September 2010|location=Minneapolis, USA|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303204433/http://www.mshale.com/article.cfm?articleID=1407|archive-date=3 March 2012}}</ref><ref name=amaa07>{{cite web|url=http://ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2007|title=AMAA Nominees and Winners 2007|publisher=[[African Movie Academy Awards]]|access-date=17 October 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101012165834/http://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-nominees-and-winners-2007|archive-date=12 October 2010}}</ref> Olu Jacobs ya banbanta kansa a matsayin ubangida a Nollywood, inda ya bayar da kyakkyawar turba ga ’yan fim da dama da suka fito a masana’antar. Soyayyar wasan kwaikwayo ta samo asali ne daga wurin shagalin shagalin shekara na Marigayi jarumin fina-finai, Hubert Ogunde wanda aka gudanar a Otal din Colonial dake Kano, daga nan ya wuce Ingila inda ya karanci wasan kwaikwayo a Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts da ke Landan. An bayyana shi a matsayin 'daya daga cikin [[Nollywood|fitattun]] 'yan wasan Nollywood, mafi kyawun aikin fassara da kuma mafi kyawun sarrafa kalmomi'. Domin sadaukarwar da ya yi ga aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo sama da shekaru 50 da suka wuce, an karrama shi da lambar yabo ta masana'antu saboda fitattun nasarorin da ya samu a wasan kwaikwayo a shekara ta (2013) Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards.' Hakanan, AMAA ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Nasarar Rayuwa a gare shi a cikin shekara ta (2016). Olu Jacobs ya auri tsohuwar yar wasan kwaikwayo [[Joke Silva]]. Ma'auratan sun kafa kuma suna aiki da Lufodo Group, kamfanin watsa labaru wanda ya ƙunshi shirya fina-finai, rarrabawa kadarori da kuma sha'anin fasahohin Lufodo Academy of Performing....... == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Oludotun Baiyewu Jacobs ga iyaye 'yan asalin Egba Alake. Ya yi kuruciyarsa a garin Kano<ref name="Ota">{{cite news |last=Otagbo |first=Olasumbo |date=18 October 2014 |title=How Hubert Ogunde inspired me to become an actor -Olu Jacobs |url=http://thenationonlineng.net/how-hubert-ogunde-inspired-me-to-become-an-actor-olu-jacobs/ |newspaper=The Nation |location=Lagos }}</ref> kuma ya halarci makarantar Holy Trinity inda ya kasance memba a kungiyoyin muhawara da wasan kwaikwayo. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241226161433/http://www.naijarules.com/vb/nollywood-movie-stars/20070-my-happiest-moment-acting-olu-jacobs.html "My Happiest Moment In Acting – Olu Jacobs"], Naijarules.com.</ref> Ya samu kwarin gwuiwar samun damar yin wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin da ya halarci bikin shekara-shekara na Cif Hubert Ogunde a Otal din Colonial Hotel da ke jihar [[Kano (birni)|Kano]]. <ref name="Ota" /> Bayan haka, ya sami takardar visa kuma ya tafi Ingila don yin karatun acting. A Ingila, Jacobs ya sami horo a Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts da ke Landan. Daga nan ya fito a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin da shirye-shirye daban-daban na Burtaniya a cikin shekara ta 1970 a ciki har da ''The Goodies,'' ''[[Till Death Us Do Part (British TV series)|Till Death Us Do Part]], [[Barlow at Large]], [[The Venturers]], [[Angels (TV series)|Angels]], [[A shekara ta 1990 (TV series)|1990]], [[The Tomorrow People]]'' and ''[[The Professionals (TV series)|The Professionals]]'').<ref name="vanguard">{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/11/21/i-disobeyed-my-dad-to-become-an-actor-olu-jacobs/|title=I disobeyed my dad to become an actor – Olu Jacobs|last=Njoku|first=Benjamin|work=The Vanguard|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=9 August 2010}}</ref> A cikin a shekara ta (1978) ya taka rawar Shugaba Mageeba a cikin gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo wanda Michael Codron yayi kokarin gabatar da Sir Tom Stoppard a shirinsa na ''[[Night and Day (play)|Night and Day]]''. A cikin shekara ta (1980) Jacobs ya fito a cikin fina-finai na duniya da dama, ciki har da fim din yakin John Irvin ''The Dogs of War'', Roman Polanski 's adventure-comedy ''Pirates'' a shekara ta (1986) da kuma fim din iyali-kasada ''Baby: Sirrin Lost Legend a shekara ta'' (1985). A talabijin ya kasance memba na wasan kwaikwayo a TVS 's ''The Witches da Grinnygog'' . <ref>A BBC-2 series that traces the history of acting. (14 July 1983). The Stage and Television Today (Archive: 1959–1994),, 15</ref> [[File:OluJacobs.jpg|thumb|Olu Jacobs]] Daga baya Jacobs ya fito a [[Nollywood|fina]] -finan Nollywood sama da fim guda (120) Ana yi masa kallon daya daga cikin manyan jaruman Nollywood na Najeriya.<ref name=njoku /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == [[File:Joel Okuyo (Right) in Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Olu Jacobs a tsakiya ]] Jacobs ya auri [[Nollywood|']] yar wasan [[Joke Silva|Nollywood Joke Silva]] tun a shekara ta (1989) Suna da yara.<ref name="sun2">{{cite web|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/showtime/2009/oct/16/showtime-16-10-2009-001.htm|title=How I met Joke Sylva – Olu Jacobs|publisher=The Sun Publishing Limited|access-date=9 August 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=2 December 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101202133427/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/showtime/2009/oct/16/showtime-16-10-2009-001.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Da aka tambaye shi dalilin da ya sa har yanzu matarsa ke da sunanta, Jacobs ya amsa: “Ita ce tata. Lokacin da na hadu da ita, yar wasan kwaikwayo ce da aka fi sani da Joke Silva to me zai hana aurena yanzu ya hana ta da masu sauraronta sunanta<Ita ce Miss Joke Silva wacce ita ce Mrs. Barkwanci Jacobs. Yana da sauƙi kamar wancan. Yanzu mutane sun fara faɗin abin da suke so. Har ma sun rubuta cewa mun rabu da kowane irin kaya. Lokacin da take aiki, ita ce Joke Silva amma ita ce Mrs. Barci Jacobs a gida.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mjemagazine.com/wife-still-bears-maiden-name-actor-olu-jacobs/|title=Why My Wife Still Bears Her Maiden Name – Actor Olu Jacobs – MJ Celebrity Magazine|date=9 December 2013|newspaper=MJ Celebrity Magazine|access-date=8 December 2016}}</ref> Jita-jita ya nuna cewa Olu Jacob ya mutu a cikin shekara ta (2021) amma ya halarci Afriff a watan Nuwamba a shekara ta ( 2021) inda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Lifetime Achievement Award.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Obey|first=Yinka|date=2021-11-17|title=Pale-looking Olu Jacobs attends Afriff, wins lifetime achievement award|url=https://www.legit.ng/entertainment/nollywood/1443447-pale-looking-veteran-actor-olu-jacobs-attends-afriff-with-wife-joke-silva-wins-lifetime-achievement-award/|access-date=2021-11-18|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref> Matarsa [[Joke Silva]] daga baya ta bayyana yanayin lafiyarsa a wata hira da Chude Jideonwo cewa yana fama da Dementia tare da jikin Lewy.<ref>{{Cite news|title='I miss di old Olu Jacobs well-well' - Joke Silva open up on her husband dementia and her life tori|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-59355183|access-date=2021-11-22}}</ref> == Lambobin Yabo == Olu Jacobs ya sami karramawa da lambar yabo ta masana'antu saboda fitattun nasarorin da ya samu wajen wasanninsa na kwaikwayo a kyautar Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards da aka gabatar a shekara ta (2013).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/03/olu-jacobs-honoured-at-amvca-awards-as-genevieve-and-funke-akindele-lose-out/ |title=Olu Jacobs honoured at AMVCA awards as Genevieve, Funke Akindele lose out |publisher=Vanguard Newspaper |date=10 March 2013 |access-date=9 July 2014}}</ref> == Zababbun Shirye-shiryensa == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:95%;" !Shekara ! Nuna ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" width="60%" | Bayanan kula |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1971 | ''Mala'iku masu kisan kai: Bala'in Siyasa da Barkwanci a Baki da Fari (wasa)'' | | Conor Cruise O'Brien ne ya rubuta kuma ya yi a bikin wasan kwaikwayo na Dublin a 1971 |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1972 | ''Richard's Cork Leg'' | | Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal Court, London |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1974 | ''Black Mans Kasar'' | Baba Zachary Azuka | Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Kofa |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1977 | ''Julius Kaisar'' | Daya daga cikin augerers | Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal National Theatre 1977 gabatarwa wanda John Schlesinger ya jagoranta |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1976 | ''Bar Beach Prelude'' da Transistor Radio | | Wasan gajerun wando guda biyu an daidaita su daga ayyukan Bode Sowande da [[Ken Saro-Wiwa|Ken Saro Wiwa]] |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1976 | Wani Irin Aure | Obi | Wasan tsakiya |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1977 | ''Tsofaffin Fina-finai'' | Chris Hunter (jandar) | Gabatarwar gidan wasan kwaikwayo ta kasa |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1978 | ''Dare da Rana'' | Shugaba Mageeba | Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Phoenix (London) |} == Fina-finai == [[File:Olu_Jacobs_and_Joke_Silva.jpg|right|thumb| Olu Jacobs da matarsa]] === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Shekara ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Fim ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Matsayi ! class="unsortable" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Bayanan kula |- | 1979 | ''Ashanti'' | Kwamishinan Batak | |- | 1980 | ''Karnukan Yaki'' | Jami'in Kwastam | |- | 1985 | ''Baby: Sirrin Bataccen labari'' | Col. Matsala | |- | 1986 | ''<nowiki/>'Yan fashin teku'' | Boomako | |- | 2012 | ''[[Adesuwa]]'' | Ezomo | |- | 2013 | ''[[Potomanto]]'' | Bankole | |- | 2014 | ''bushewa'' | Mai magana | |- | 2015 | ''Oloibiri'' | Timipre | |- | 2017 | ''Royal Hibiscus Hotel'' | Richard | |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Shekara ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Shirin ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Matsayi ! class="unsortable" style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Bayanan kula |- | 1971 | ''The Goodies'' | | Season 2, Episode 4 - "Lost Tribe of the Orinoco" |- | 1974 | ''Har Mutuwa Muyi Rabe'' | Mai gyaran talabijin | Kashi na 5, Kashi na 3 - "Bugu da Kashewa" |- | 1975 | ''Barlow a Large'' | Motamba | Season 4, Episode 8 - "Kariya" |- | 1975 | ''Masu Venturers'' | Mbela | Kashi na 1, Kashi na 10 - "Masu Haɗari da Ƙaunar Zuciya" |- | 1976 | ''Mala'iku'' | Musa Ladipo | 3 sassa |- | 1978 | ''1990'' | Alan Misawi | Kashi na 2, Kashi na 2 - "Farashin Kasuwa" |- | 1975 | ''Jama'ar Gobe'' | General Papa Minn | Season 6, Episode 5 &amp;amp; 6 - "The Thargon Menace: Part 1 & 2" |- | 1979 | ''Masu sana'a'' | Sylvester | Season 3, Episode 5 - "Hauka na Mickey Hamilton" |- | 1982 | ''Squadron'' | Shugaba Gadin | Season 1, Episode 10 - "Cyclone" |- | 1983 | ''Bokaye da Grinnygog'' | Malam Alabaster | Fitowa ta 1–4, 6 |- | 1983 | ''Rumpole na Bailey'' | David Mazenze | Season 3, Episode 2 - "Rumpole and the Golden Thread" |- | 1984 | ''Yi wasa don Yau'' | David Mazenze | Season 14, Episode 16 - "The Amazing Miss Stella Estelle" |- | 1990 | ''Ido Na Uku'' | Inspector Best Idafa | Matsayin Jagora (1990-1993) |- |} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|0414570}} * Olu Jacobs at the TCM Movie Database == Manazarta == [[Category:Yan Najeriya da sukayi karatu a Ingila]] [[Category:'Yan wasa maza daga sinima ta yarbawa]] [[Category:Memba na Order of the Federal Republic]] [[Category:'Yan wasan gidan telebijin maza 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category:Jaruman fim maza na karni na 21]] [[Category:Jaruman fim maza na karni na 20\]] [[Category:Tsaffin daliban makarantar Royal Academy of Dramatic Art]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1942]] [[Category:Fitaccen jarumi na Africa Movie Academy Award winners]] [[Category:Jaruman fim maza 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category:Jaruman fim maza yarbawa]] [[Category:Jarumai maza daga Abeokuta]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 7xcq1s1w0tww4ictr1wqjecv0my5296 0 27890 863780 621142 2026-06-22T10:45:31Z Saad Nuhu 43323 863780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Babachir David Lawal''' (An haifeshi ranar 2 ga watan Agustan shekarar alif ɗari tara da hamsin da hudu 1954)<ref>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=e2ccae057a518bcaJmltdHM9MTcxOTEwMDgwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTI2NQ&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=Babachir+David+Lawal+biography&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9wZW9wbGVwaWxsLmNvbS9pL2JhYmFjaGlyLWRhdmlkLWxhd2FsLw&ntb=1<nowiki/>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=38388fedc8155155JmltdHM9MTcxOTEwMDgwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTIyMQ&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=Babachir+David+Lawal+biography&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9jb250ZW50czEwMS5jb20vMjAyMC8wNC8xNC9iYWJhY2hpci1sYXdhbC1iaW9ncmFwaHktZWR1Y2F0aW9uLWNhcmVlci1hbmQtcGVyc29uYWwtbGlmZS8&ntb=1</ref><ref>https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=6639f7c6aafcb690JmltdHM9MTcxOTEwMDgwMCZpZ3VpZD0yNDE5NGEyMS03NTBiLTZiYjItMzNmMi01ZTg1NzRhMTZhMTkmaW5zaWQ9NTI0Mw&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=24194a21-750b-6bb2-33f2-5e8574a16a19&psq=Babachir+David+Lawal+biography&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2VsZWJzYWdld2lraS5jb20vYmFiYWNoaXItZGF2aWQtbGF3YWw&ntb=1</ref> a kauyen Kwambla da ke karamar hukumar [[Hong (Nijeriya)|Hong]] a [[jihar Adamawa]] najeriya Ya kasance sakataren [[Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya|gwamnatin tarayya]] daga ranar 27 ga watan Agusta 215 zuwa 19 ga watan Afrilu, 2017<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/efcc-detains-ex-sgf-lawal-eight-hour-grilling/amp/<https://thenationonlineng.net/efcc-detains-ex-sgf-lawal-eight-hour-grilling/amp/</ref> ==Farkon rayuwa da Karatu== Yayi karatun firamare a St. Patrick's , [[Maiduguri]] a shekarar 1969 ya wuce Nigeria Military School Zaria, daga 1970 – 1974 domin yin karatunsa na sakandare . Daga nan ya halarci Makarantar Koyon Ilimi ta ABU Zariya, daga shekarar 1974 zuwa 1975. Lawal , ya karanci Injiniyan Lantarki a [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke Zaria, kuma ya kammala a shekarar 1979 da Digiri na biyu (Electrical engineer) Daga baya ya samu digirin digirgir a shekarar 2007.<ref>https://www.africa-confidential.com/profile/id/3704/Babachir_Lawal</ref> ==Aiki== Babachir ya fara aiki a kamfanin Delta Steel Company, Ovwian -[[Aladja]] inda ya kai matsayin Babban Injiniya , wannan ya kasance daga shekarar 1979 – 1984 . Daga nan ya yi aiki a Nigerian External Telecommunications Ltd, [[Lagos]]'a matsayin Babban Injiniya daga 1984 zuwa 1986. Ya kasance a Data Sciences Nigeria Ltd , daga 1986 zuwa 1989 , inda ya samu mukamin Manaja na Yanki , kafin ya tashi ya kafa kamfaninsa na Rholavision Engineering Ltd, Kaduna a shekarar 1990 . Kafin ya kafa kamfanin sa na ICT da sadarwa a shekarar 1990.<ref>http://saharareporters.com/2019/02/12/efcc-arraign-babachir-lawal-over-n544m-grass-cutting-scandal</ref> ===Ƙungiyoyi=== * Memba a Nigeria Computer Society , NCS. Memba , Nigerian Society of Engineers, NSE, Memba a Majalisar Dokokin Injiniya a Najeriya , COREN. Memba , Cibiyar Gudanar da Ayyuka , PMI Memba, Cibiyar Nazarin Kasuwanci ta Duniya, IIBA Memba a Cibiyar Gudanarwa Canji, CMI * Mataimakin Kodineta na Jiha , The Buhari Campaign Organisation, Jihar Adamawa 2002- 2005. * State Coordinator ,The Buhari Campaign Organisation, [[Adamawa]] State , (2005 – 2010 ) * Memba , Congress For Progressive Change Committee National Contact and Mobilization Committee (2010 - 2013) * Memba, Kwamitin Sabunta Canjin Cigaba na Majalisa, 2012 * Memba, All Progressive Change Change Commite , 2013 * Tsohon Babban Memba, Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Riko 2013 - 2014 * Mataimakin shugaban jam'iyyar APC na kasa na arewa maso gabas 2014. * Memba, Kwamitin yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa na APC, 2015.<ref>https://punchng.com/grass-cutting-scandal-court-adjourns-trial-of-babachir-lawal-five-others/</ref> ==Fagen siyasa== Babachir ya shiga siyasa a shekarar 2002 ta hanyar zama mamba a jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP). ya rike ofisoshi da dama a jam'iyyar ANPP tun farko da kuma cikin tawagar yakin neman zaben Buhari ciki har da mataimakin Mai gudanarwa na kungiyar yakin neman zaben Buhari a jihar Adamawa.<ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/tag/babachir-david-lawal/{{Dead link|date=June 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ===Sakatare=== Shugaban [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ne ya naɗa shi a matsayin sakataren gwamnatin tarayya a shekarar 2015. A ranar 30 ga Oktoban shekarar 2017, aka kore shi a matsayin sakataren gwamnatin tarayya bayan wani rahoto kan zargin sa da hannu wajen karkatar da kudaden agajin gaggawa.Tare da maye gurbinsa da [[Boss Mustapha]]. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1954]] [[category:Mutane daga Jihar Adamawa]] gtzn35656tmxgm5oglnqis83targx3p 0 27987 863421 498816 2026-06-21T18:25:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Najib Mikati Signature.svg|thumb|Sahanun Najib Mikati]] [[Fayil:Najib Mikati, Lebanon Jan 2024 (cropped).jpg|thumb|najib]] [[Fayil:Najib Mikati Signature.svg|thumb|sa hannun najib]] '''Najib Mikati Azmi''' ( {{Lang-ar|نجيب عزمي ميقاتي}} ; An haife shine ranar 24 ga watan Nuwamba,shekarar 1955). ɗan siyasa ne kuma ɗan kasuwa ɗan ƙasar Lebanon wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na Lebanon tun watan Satumban shekarar 2021, da kuma daga watan Yuni shekara ta 2011 zuwa watan Fabrairu,shekarar 2014 da kuma daga watan Afrilu zuwa watan Yuli shekarar 2005. Ya rike mukamin Ministan Ayyuka ne da Sufuri daga Disambar shekara ta 1998 zuwa shekara ta 2003. Mikati yana da kusanci da gwamnatin Syria kuma yana gudanar da ayyukan sadarwa da dama a Syria da Lebanon. A shekara ta 2005, ya jagoranci gwamnatin wucin gadi da ta sa ido a zaben gama gari bayan janyewar sojojin Syria . A cikin shekara ta 2011, ya kafa gwamnatinsa ta biyu wacce ke samun goyon bayan kawancen Maris 8, kafin ya yi murabus a shekara ta 2013. Ya kasance dan majalisar dokokin Tripoli daga 2000 zuwa 2005 kuma an sake zabe shi a 2009 da 2018. A cikin Yuli 2021, an nada shi a matsayin PM. [[Fayil:Secretary Blinken Meets With Lebanese Caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati (53309169845).jpg|thumb|Najib Mikati suna gaisawa ]] A cewar ''Forbes'', shi ne mutum mafi arziki a Lebanon, yana da darajar dala biliyan 2.5 a cikin 2021. Ana tuhumar sa da cin hanci da rashawa da yawa, kuma an tuhume shi da cin hanci da rashawa. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Mikati a ranar 24 ga watan Nuwamba 1955 kuma ya fito daga fitattun dangin musulmi 'yan Sunni da ke birnin Tripoli . Ya kammala karatunsa na digiri a Jami'ar Amurka ta Beirut a 1980 tare da yin digiri na biyu na Master of Business Administration (MBA). Ya kuma halarci shirin makarantar bazara da aka gudanar a Harvard da makarantar kasuwanci ta Faransa INSEAD . <ref name="bbc11" /> == Kasuwancin kasuwanci da wadata ==   [[File:Najib_Mikati_World_Economic_Forum_2013.jpg|left|thumb| Mikati a taron tattalin arzikin duniya, 2013]] A shekara ta 1979, yayan Najib Taha Mikati ya kafa kamfanin gine-gine na Arabiya (ACC), wanda ke da hedikwata a Abu Dhabi, wanda ya zama daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin gine-gine a Gabas ta Tsakiya. <ref>[https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=23953360&privcapId=23067277 "Taha Mikati"], ''Bloomberg''. Accessed 17 November 2015.</ref> Najib Mikati ya kafa kamfanin sadarwa na Investcom tare da dan uwansa Taha a cikin 1982. Ya sayar da kamfanin a watan Yunin 2006 ga Kamfanin MTN na Afirka ta Kudu akan dala 5.5&nbsp;biliyan. Taha da Najib Mikati sun riƙe sauran rukunin ayyukansu waɗanda ke sarrafa ta hannun kamfanin M1 Group .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2021}} Ya mallaki jirgin ruwan ''Mimtee mai tsawon mita 79'' . == Sana'ar siyasa == Bayan an nada Mikati Ministan Ayyuka da Sufuri a ranar 4 ga watan Disamba 1998, an zabe Mikati a matsayin dan majalisar dokokin Lebanon daga mahaifarsa ta Tripoli a shekara ta 2000, inda ya kada Omar Karami, wanda aka zabe shi daga mazabar da yawa. A matsayinsa na dan majalisa, Mikati ya ci gaba da rike mukaminsa na majalisar ministocinsa kuma ya samu suna a matsayin dan siyasar Syria mai sassaucin ra'ayi mai alaka da shugaba Bashar Assad na Syria . Daga baya Mikati ya zama ministan sufuri kuma ya zama abokin shugaban Lebanon Emile Lahoud, yana goyon bayan tsawaita wa'adinsa a shekara ta 2004. === Firimiya ta farko === Mikati ya kasance dan takarar firaminista na Lebanon tun shekara ta 2000, daga karshe ya karbi mukamin bayan murabus din Omar Karami a ranar 13 ga Afrilu 2005. A yayin tattaunawar kafa gwamnati, Mikati ya fito a matsayin dan takarar amincewa. Mikati ya yi aiki a matsayin firimiya mai rikon kwarya. Shi ne shugaban kungiyar hadin kan da ke da kujeru biyu a majalisar dokokin Lebanon tun shekara ta 2004. Haka nan kuma ya samar da yunkuri da akidar tsakiya a kasar Labanon da kuma kasashen Larabawa, inda ya gudanar da taruka da dama na kasa da kasa a kasar Labanon. A babban zaben shekarar 2009, Mikati ya sake lashe kujerar daga birnin Tripoli, kasancewarsa memba na kungiyoyin masu tsatsauran ra'ayi a majalisar dokokin Lebanon. === Premier ta biyu === <div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:408px;max-width:408px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"></img></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"></img></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"> Ganawar Mikati da Sakatariyar Harkokin [[Hillary Clinton|Wajen Amurka Hillary Clinton]] (2012) da [[John Kerry]] (2014).</div></div></div></div>A ranar 24 ga watan Janairu, shekara ta 2011, kawancen 8 ga Maris, musamman [[Hezbollah]], Michel Aoun da Walid Jumblatt, sun zabi Mikati ya zama Firayim Minista. Mikati ya gaji Saad Hariri, wanda gwamnatinsa ta yi murabus sakamakon murabus din ministocin kungiyar guda goma da nadin shugaban kasa daya a ranar 12 ga watan Janairun 2011, sakamakon rugujewar shirin Saudiyya da Syria na cimma matsaya kan kotun musamman ta Lebanon . A ranar 25 ga watan Janairu, 'yan majalisar dokokin Lebanon 68 suka kada kuri'ar amincewa da Mikati a matsayin Firaminista. Daga nan ne shugaban Lebanon Michel Suleiman ya gayyaci Mikati ya jagoranci sabuwar gwamnatin Lebanon . An dauki tsawon watanni biyar ana gudanar da aikin kafa gwamnati saboda rashin jituwar da ke tsakanin shugabanni. A ranar 13 ga watan Yunin 2011, Mikati ya zama firaministan kasar Lebanon a karo na biyu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2018}} [[Fayil:Secretary Kerry Meets With Lebanese Prime Minister Mikati (11962819524).jpg|thumb|Najib Mikati a gefe ]] A ranar 13 ga watan Yuni, Mikati ya ba da sanarwar kafa gwamnati tare da bayyana cewa za ta fara ne da "yantar da kasar da ta saura karkashin mamayar makiya Isra'ila". <ref>[http://www.haaretz.com/news/international/lebanon-pm-new-government-to-liberate-land-under-occupation-of-israeli-enemy-1.367453?localLinksEnabled=false "Lebanon PM: New government to liberate land under occupation of 'Israeli enemy'."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110624000221/http://www.haaretz.com/news/international/lebanon-pm-new-government-to-liberate-land-under-occupation-of-israeli-enemy-1.367453?localLinksEnabled=false |date=2011-06-24 }} ''Reuters'', 13 June 2011.</ref> A ranar 22 ga watan Maris, 2013, Mikati ya yi murabus daga ofis, saboda "ƙananan matsin lamba tsakanin masu goyon bayan Assad da sansanonin adawa da Assad" kuma shugaban na Lebanon ya amince da murabus ɗinsa a ranar 23 ga Maris na shekara ta 2013. A ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 2013, Tammam Salam aka dora wa alhakin kafa sabuwar gwamnati. === Premier ta uku === Bayan murabus din Firayim Minista Hassan Diab a watan Agustan 2020, duka Mustafa Adib da Saad Hariri sun kasa kafa gwamnati. An nada Mikati don cike aikin a ranar 26 ga Yuli 2021. Ya samu kuri'u 72 daga cikin 'yan majalisa 128. Mikati ya bayyana cewa, yana son a kafa gwamnati mai fasaha zalla, ba tare da wakilan jam'iyyun siyasa ba, domin aiwatar da sauye-sauyen tattalin arziki da kasashen Lebanon ke sa ran. Jama'a sun yi na'am da nadin nasa. Yayin da kasar ke shiga cikin mawuyacin hali na tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da kuma jin kai, ana kallonsa a matsayin wakilin ajin siyasa na gargajiya da kuma jiga-jigan tattalin arziki. A cewar jaridar ''L'Orient-Le Jour'', "idan kasancewarsa hamshakin attajiri ya dade yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa wani a fagen siyasar kasar ta Lebanon, yanzu wani bangare na al'ummar kasar yana ganin hakan a matsayin wata alama ta satar dukiyar jama'a da 'yan kasar suka yi. ajin siyasa. A ranar 10 ga watan Satumba, 2021, Mikati ya sami damar kafa gwamnati mai mambobi 24 bayan doguwar tattaunawa da Shugaba Aoun, da kuma jam'iyyun siyasa daban-daban. Ya sanar da cewa yana son neman taimako daga kasashen Larabawa domin kokarin fitar da kasar Labanon daga halin da take ciki. == Cin hanci da rashawa == A cikin 2019, mai gabatar da kara na jihar Ghada Aoun ya tuhumi Mikati kan wadatar da ba bisa ka'ida ba ta hanyar rancen gidaje. A cikin Oktoba 2021, an saka sunan Mikati a cikin leak ɗin Pandora Papers. Ya musanta aikata wani laifi. == Littafi Mai == {{Portal|Lebanon|Biography}}{{S-start}} {{S-off}} {{S-bef}} {{S-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Lebanon|Prime Minister of Lebanon]]}} {{S-aft}} |- {{S-bef}} {{S-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Lebanon|Prime Minister of Lebanon]]}} {{S-aft}} |- {{S-bef}} {{S-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Lebanon|Prime Minister of Lebanon]]}} {{S-inc}} {{S-end}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Labanan]] [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6feb69gsqdq3d621opulk10fksvz0v4 0 28187 863822 830305 2026-06-22T11:30:33Z MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM 37991 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355351217|Sunday Omobolanle]]" 863822 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Sunday Omobolanle aka Papi Luwe // i, [[Order of the Niger|MON]] (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1954) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, marubucin wasan kwaikwayo, darektan fim, kuma furodusa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heroic Quest for Love and Unity, Articles {{!}} THISDAY LIVE |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/heroic-quest-for-love-and-unity/110736/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221014547/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/heroic-quest-for-love-and-unity/110736/ |archive-date=2015-02-21 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Latestnigeriannews |title=RMD, Aluwe, 32 others in Glo new campaign |url=http://www.latestnigeriannews.com/news/702302/ |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Latest Nigerian News |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sunday Omobolanle Archives |url=https://motherhoodinstyle.net/tag/sunday-omobolanle/ |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=Motherhood In-Style Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da aiki == An haife shi a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 1954, a Ilora, wani gari a [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]] kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALUWE SUNDAY OMOBOLANLE |url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/1437/aluwe-sunday-omobolanle.html |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne mahaifin [[Sunkanmi Omobolanle]], ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na fim na Najeriya kuma darektan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive interview with Papi Luwe's First Son, ACTOR SUNKANMI OMOBOLANLE |url=http://ireporterstv.co/exclusive-interview-with-papi-luwes-first-son-actor-sunkanmi-omobolanle/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011141623/http://ireporterstv.co/exclusive-interview-with-papi-luwes-first-son-actor-sunkanmi-omobolanle/ |archive-date=2016-10-11 |access-date=2015-02-20}}</ref> Sunday Omobolanle ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni, ya samar kuma ya fito a fina-finai da yawa na Najeriya kamar ''Adun Ewuro'', fim din Najeriya na 2011 wanda ya nuna [[Oga Bello|Adebayo Salami]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ALUWE ESCAPES DEATH |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/3376/aluwe-escapes-death.html |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Nigerian Voice}}</ref> Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya, [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], tsohon shugaban Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya ya ba shi lambar yabo ta kasa, MON.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nollywood/ Nigeria No.1 movies/ films resources online |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/ |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=www.nigeriafilms.com}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>  * ''Ƙaunar Rayuwata (2002) '' * ''Green Snake (2003) a matsayin Udenwa'' * ''Olorire (2003) a matsayin Oluso'' * ''Perosoko (2003) a matsayin Cif'' * ''Lanleyin (2004) '' * ''Eewo orun (2005) '' * ''Adun ewuro (2006) '' * ''Asoko ya fito (2008) '' * ''Adun Ewuro (2011) '' * ''Konkobilo'' * ''Oba Alatise'' * ''Shugaban ya tafi (2014) '' * ''Rayuwar Jelili (2019) a matsayin Papi Luwe'' * ''Anikulapo (2022) a matsayin Babban Oyo'' == Bayanan da aka ambata == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1954]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] mmsw0zc322zxclrmo9xnf2tn8iij3h0 863824 863822 2026-06-22T11:33:32Z MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM 37991 863824 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Sunday Omobolanle aka Papi Luwe // i, [[Order of the Niger|MON]] (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1954) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, marubucin wasan kwaikwayo, darektan fim, kuma furodusa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heroic Quest for Love and Unity, Articles {{!}} THISDAY LIVE |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/heroic-quest-for-love-and-unity/110736/ |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221014547/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/heroic-quest-for-love-and-unity/110736/ |archive-date=2015-02-21 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Latestnigeriannews|title=RMD, Aluwe, 32 others in Glo new campaign |url=http://www.latestnigeriannews.com/news/702302/ |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Latest Nigerian News |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sunday Omobolanle Archives |url=https://motherhoodinstyle.net/tag/sunday-omobolanle/ |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=Motherhood In-Style Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da aiki == An haife shi a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 1954, a Ilora, wani gari a [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]] kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALUWE SUNDAY OMOBOLANLE |url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/1437/aluwe-sunday-omobolanle.html |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne mahaifin [[Sunkanmi Omobolanle]], ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na fim na Najeriya kuma darektan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive interview with Papi Luwe's First Son, ACTOR SUNKANMI OMOBOLANLE |url=http://ireporterstv.co/exclusive-interview-with-papi-luwes-first-son-actor-sunkanmi-omobolanle/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011141623/http://ireporterstv.co/exclusive-interview-with-papi-luwes-first-son-actor-sunkanmi-omobolanle/ |archive-date=2016-10-11 |access-date=2015-02-20}}</ref> Sunday Omobolanle ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni, ya samar kuma ya fito a fina-finai da yawa na Najeriya kamar ''Adun Ewuro'', fim din Najeriya na 2011 wanda ya nuna [[Oga Bello|Adebayo Salami]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ALUWE ESCAPES DEATH |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/3376/aluwe-escapes-death.html |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Nigerian Voice}}</ref> Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya, [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], tsohon shugaban Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya ya ba shi lambar yabo ta kasa, MON.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nollywood/ Nigeria No.1 movies/ films resources online |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/ |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=www.nigeriafilms.com}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>  * ''Ƙaunar Rayuwata (2002) '' * ''Green Snake (2003) a matsayin Udenwa'' * ''Olorire (2003) a matsayin Oluso'' * ''Perosoko (2003) a matsayin Cif'' * ''Lanleyin (2004) '' * ''Eewo orun (2005) '' * ''Adun ewuro (2006) '' * ''Asoko ya fito (2008) '' * ''Adun Ewuro (2011) '' * ''Konkobilo'' * ''Oba Alatise'' * ''Shugaban ya tafi (2014) '' * ''Rayuwar Jelili (2019) a matsayin Papi Luwe'' * ''Anikulapo (2022) a matsayin Babban Oyo'' = Bayanan da aka ambata == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1954]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] nbaoe623ctcvhenno5ioypdkp1oznkv 863826 863824 2026-06-22T11:39:15Z MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM 37991 863826 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Sunday Omobolanle aka Papi Luwe // i, [[Order of the Niger|MON]] (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1954) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, marubucin wasan kwaikwayo, darektan fim, kuma furodusa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heroic Quest for Love and Unity, Articles {{!}} THISDAY LIVE |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/heroic-quest-for-love-and-unity/110736/ |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221014547/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/heroic quest-for-love-and-unity/110736/ |archive-date=2015-02-21 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Latestnigeriannews|title=RMD, Aluwe, 32 others in Glo new campaign |url=http://www.latestnigeriannews.com/news/702302/ |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Latest Nigerian News |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sunday Omobolanle Archives |url=https://motherhoodinstyle.net/tag/sunday-omobolanle/ |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=Motherhood In-Style Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da aiki == An haife shi a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 1954, a Ilora, wani gari a [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]] kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALUWE SUNDAY OMOBOLANLE |url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/1437/aluwe-sunday-omobolanle.html |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne mahaifin [[Sunkanmi Omobolanle]], ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na fim na Najeriya kuma darektan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive interview with Papi Luwe's First Son, ACTOR SUNKANMI OMOBOLANLE |url=http://ireporterstv.co/exclusive-interview-with-papi-luwes-first-son-actor-sunkanmi-omobolanle/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011141623/http://ireporterstv.co/exclusive-interview-with-papi-luwes first-son-actor-sunkanmi-omobolanle/ |archive-date=2016-10-11 |access-date=2015-02-20}}</ref> Sunday Omobolanle ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni, ya samar kuma yafito a fina-finai da yawa na Najeriya kamar ''Adun Ewuro'', fim din Najeriya na 2011 wanda ya nuna [[Oga Bello|Adebayo Salami]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ALUWE ESCAPES DEATH |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/3376/aluwe-escapes-death.html |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Nigerian Voice}}</ref> Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya, [[Olusegun Obasanjo]],tsohon shugaban Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya ya ba shi lambar yabo ta kasa, MON.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nollywood/ Nigeria No.1 movies/ films resources online |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/ |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=www.nigeriafilms.com}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>  * ''Ƙaunar Rayuwata (2002) '' * ''Green Snake (2003) a matsayin Udenwa'' * ''Olorire (2003) a matsayin Oluso'' * ''Perosoko (2003) a matsayin Cif'' * ''Lanleyin (2004) '' * ''Eewo orun (2005) '' * ''Adun ewuro (2006) '' * ''Asoko ya fito (2008) '' * ''Adun Ewuro (2011) '' * ''Konkobilo'' * ''Oba Alatise'' * ''Shugaban ya tafi (2014) '' * ''Rayuwar Jelili (2019) a matsayin Papi Luwe'' * ''Anikulapo (2022) a matsayin Babban Oyo'' = Bayanan da aka ambata == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1954]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 7rm1mwdo4yxndiazsg7buk5g1ck4118 863833 863826 2026-06-22T11:55:17Z Mahuta 11340 863833 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Sunday Omobolanle aka Papi Luwe // i, [[Order of the Niger|MON]] (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1954) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, marubucin wasan kwaikwayo, darektan fim, kuma furodusa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heroic Quest for Love and Unity, Articles {{!}} THISDAY LIVE |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/heroic-quest-for-love-and-unity/110736/ |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221014547/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/heroic quest-for-love-and-unity/110736/ |archive-date=2015-02-21 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Latestnigeriannews|title=RMD, Aluwe, 32 others in Glo new campaign |url=http://www.latestnigeriannews.com/news/702302/ |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Latest Nigerian News |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sunday Omobolanle Archives |url=https://motherhoodinstyle.net/tag/sunday-omobolanle/ |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=Motherhood In-Style Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da aiki == An haife shi a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 1954, a Ilora, wani gari a [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]] kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALUWE SUNDAY OMOBOLANLE |url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/1437/aluwe-sunday-omobolanle.html |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne mahaifin [[Sunkanmi Omobolanle]], ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na fim na Najeriya kuma darektan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive interview with Papi Luwe's First Son, ACTOR SUNKANMI OMOBOLANLE |url=http://ireporterstv.co/exclusive-interview-with-papi-luwes-first-son-actor-sunkanmi-omobolanle/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011141623/http://ireporterstv.co/exclusive-interview-with-papi-luwes first-son-actor-sunkanmi-omobolanle/ |archive-date=2016-10-11 |access-date=2015-02-20}}</ref> Sunday Omobolanle ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni, ya samar kuma yafito a fina-finai da yawa na Najeriya kamar ''Adun Ewuro'', fim din Najeriya na 2011 wanda ya nuna [[Oga Bello|Adebayo Salami]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ALUWE ESCAPES DEATH |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/3376/aluwe-escapes-death.html |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=Nigerian Voice}}</ref> Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya, [[Olusegun Obasanjo]],tsohon shugaban Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya ya ba shi lambar yabo ta kasa, MON.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nollywood/ Nigeria No.1 movies/ films resources online |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/ |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=www.nigeriafilms.com}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>  * ''Ƙaunar Rayuwata (2002) '' * ''Green Snake (2003) a matsayin Udenwa'' * ''Olorire (2003) a matsayin Oluso'' * ''Perosoko (2003) a matsayin Cif'' * ''Lanleyin (2004) '' * ''Eewo orun (2005) '' * ''Adun ewuro (2006) '' * ''Asoko ya fito (2008) '' * ''Adun Ewuro (2011) '' * ''Konkobilo'' * ''Oba Alatise'' * ''Shugaban ya tafi (2014) '' * ''Rayuwar Jelili (2019) a matsayin Papi Luwe'' * ''Anikulapo (2022) a matsayin Babban Oyo'' = Bayanan da aka ambata == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1954]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] iwzkxa7o1jvfpv96bj21jcpwzavuyqb 0 28718 862909 518273 2026-06-21T12:25:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 862909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mordechai Limon''' ( {{Lang-he|מרדכי לימון}} , Janairu 3, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da ashirin da hudu 1924 - May 15, 2009) shi ne kwamandan sojojin ruwa na Isra'ila na hudu, yana aiki daga Disamba 14, 1950 har zuwa Yuli 1, 1954. An haifi Limon a Baranovichi kuma ya yi ''aliyah'' zuwa Falasdinu na wajibi a 1932. Ya girma a [[Tel Abib|Tel Aviv]] kuma ya shiga ƙungiyar matasa ta Hashomer Hatzair. A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]], Limon ya shiga Palmach, kuma ya yi aiki a Palyam . [[Fayil:Mordechai Limon with David Ben-Gurion (cropped).jpeg|thumb|Mordechai Limon]] [[Fayil:D374-036 Yadin, Yosef and Limon.jpg|thumb|Mordechai Limon]] [[Fayil:AdmMokaLimon.jpg|thumb|Mordechai Limon]] Limon yana lura da aikin Cherbourg wanda ya hada da safarar jiragen ruwa na makamai masu linzami guda biyar da [[Isra'ila]] [[Faransa|ta siya tun farko kuma Faransa]] ta saka mata takunkumi. Daga baya za a kore shi daga Faransa. 'Yarsa, Nili Limon (an haifi 1951), ta auri Nathaniel Robert de Rothschild, ɗan Élie de Rothschild . <ref>[http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/business/russian-billionaire-takes-a-local-interest-1.117795 Haaretz: "Russian billionaire takes a local interest" by Moti Bassok and Sophie Shulman] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817013233/http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/business/russian-billionaire-takes-a-local-interest-1.117795 |date=2017-08-17 }} March 25, 2004</ref> == Manazarta ==   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.palyam.org Yanar Gizo na hukuma na Palmam] gyzuj0ix4zqbl62o6b8ywfvebusmo6r 0 29242 863343 732018 2026-06-21T16:48:17Z Xaynarb 43630 An kirkira ta fassara "Genetics" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360210926|Causes of cancer]]" 863343 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Cancer_requires_multiple_mutations_from_NIHen.png|thumb| Ciwon daji yana bukatar maye gurbi da yawa don ci gaba.]] [[Fayil:吸煙引致肺癌 Smoking causes lung cancer SML.20120928.IP3 (8032518633).jpg|thumb|dalilan ciwon daji]] '''Ciwon daji yana faruwa ne''' ta hanyar canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta wanda ke haifar da hadakar kwayoyin cuta marasa tsari da samuwar kari.<ref>https://powerfulpatients.org/ha/tag/cancer-patients/{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Babban dalilin ciwon daji (wanda ba na iyali ba) shine lalacewar DNA{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019|reason=removed citation to predatory publisher content}}<ref>https://powerfulpatients.org/ha/tag/cancer-patients/{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> da rashin zaman lafiya.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Ferguson LR, Chen H, Collins AR, Connell M, Damia G, Dasgupta S, Malhotra M, Meeker AK, Amedei A, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Aquilano K, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Bilsland A, Boosani CS, Chen S, Ciriolo MR, Fujii H, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Keith WN, Mohammed SI, Niccolai E, Yang X, Honoki K, Parslow VR, Prakash S, Rezazadeh S, Shackelford RE, Sidransky D, Tran PT, Yang ES, Maxwell CA|display-authors=6|title=Genomic instability in human cancer: Molecular insights and opportunities for therapeutic attack and prevention through diet and nutrition|journal=Seminars in Cancer Biology|volume=35 Suppl|issue=Suppl|pages=S5–S24|date=December 2015|pmid=25869442|pmc=4600419|doi=10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.005}}</ref> Kadan daga cikin cututtukan daji na faruwa ne saboda maye gurbi na gado.<ref name="Expert092">{{cite journal|vauthors=Roukos DH|date=April 2009|title=Genome-wide association studies: how predictable is a person's cancer risk?|journal=Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy|volume=9|issue=4|pages=389–92|doi=10.1586/era.09.12|pmid=19374592|s2cid=24746283}}</ref> Yawancin [[Cututtukan da gurɓatar yanayi ke haifarwa|cututtukan]] daji suna da alaƙa da muhalli, salon rayuwa, ko fallasa ɗabi'a.<ref name="WCR20142">{{cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-9283204299|veditors=Stewart BW, Wild CP|pages=16–54|chapter=Cancer etiology}}</ref> Ciwon daji gabaɗaya baya yaɗuwa a cikin ɗan adam, kodayake ana iya haifar dashi ta hanyar oncoviruses da kwayoyin cutar kansa . Kalmar " muhalli ", kamar yadda masu binciken [[Ciwon Daji Na Baka|ciwon daji]] ke amfani da ita, tana nufin duk wani abu da ke waje da jiki wanda ke hulda da mutane. <ref name="Environment-NIH2">{{cite book|title=Cancer and the Environment: What you Need to Know, What You Can Do|date=2003|publisher=[[National Institutes of Health]]|location=NIH Publication No. 03-2039|quote=Cancer develops over several years and has many causes. Several factors both inside and outside the body contribute to the development of cancer. In this context, scientists refer to everything outside the body that interacts with humans as 'environmental'.}}</ref> Yanayin bai iyakance ga [[Biophysical environment|yanayin yanayin halitta ba]] (misali fallasa abubuwa kamar gurɓatacciyar [[iska]] ko hasken rana), to amma kuma ya haɗa da yanayin rayuwa da halayen dabi'a.<ref name="isbn0-387-78192-72">{{cite book|vauthors=Kravchenko J, Akushevich I, Manton KG|title=Cancer mortality and morbidity patterns from the U. S. population: an interdisciplinary approach|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|year=2009|isbn=978-0-387-78192-1|quote=The term ''environment'' refers not only to air, water, and soil but also to substances and conditions at home and at the workplace, including diet, smoking, alcohol, drugs, exposure to chemicals, sunlight, ionizing radiation, electromagnetic fields, infectious agents, etc. Lifestyle, economic and behavioral factors are all aspects of our environment.}}</ref> Fiye da kashi daya bisa uku na mutuwar ciwon daji a duk duniya (kuma kusan kashi 75-80 a cikin Amurka) ana kuma iya kaucewa ta hanyar rage fallasa ga abubuwan da aka sani.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Doll R, Peto R|title=The causes of cancer: quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today|journal=Journal of the National Cancer Institute|volume=66|issue=6|pages=1191–308|date=June 1981|pmid=7017215|doi=10.1093/jnci/66.6.1192}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Whiteman|first1=David C.|last2=Wilson|first2=Louise F.|date=October 2016|title=The fractions of cancer attributable to modifiable factors: A global review|journal=Cancer Epidemiology|volume=44|pages=203–221|doi=10.1016/j.canep.2016.06.013|issn=1877-783X|pmid=27460784}}</ref> Abubuwan muhalli na yau da kullun wadanda ke ba da gudummawa ga mutuwar kansa sun hada da fallasa ga sinadarai daban-daban da wakilai na jiki (amfani da taba yana da [[Lissafi|lissafin]] 25-30% na mutuwar cutar kansa), gurbataccen muhalli, abinci da kiba (30-35%), cututtuka (15-20%), da kuma radiation (duka ionizing da rashin ionizing, har zuwa 10%).<ref name="Enviro20082"/> Wadannan abubuwan suna aiki, aqalla wani bangare, ta hanyar canza aikin kwayoyin halitta a cikin sel.<ref name="WCR2014Bio2">{{cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014.|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-9283204299|pages=Chapter 1.1}}</ref> Yawanci yawancin irin waɗannan canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta ana buƙatar kafin ciwon daji ya taso.<ref name="WCR2014Bio2" /> An yi ta maimaita tsufa kuma akai-akai a matsayin muhimmin al'amari da za a yi la'akari da shi lokacin da ake kimanta abubuwan hadari don ci gaban ciwon daji na musamman. Yawancin canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta da na salula wadanda ke da hannu wajen hadaka ciwon daji suna taruwa yayin tsarin tsufa kuma a karshe suna bayyana kamar ciwon daji.<ref name="WHO20142">{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/|title=Cancer Fact sheet N°297|date=February 2014|website=World Health Organization|access-date=10 June 2014}}</ref> == Genetics == [[File:Familial_Adenomatous_Polyposes_colon_-2.jpg|thumb| Polyps masu yawa a cikin hanjin mutum tare da adenomatous polyposis na iyali]] Ko da yake akwai fiye da 50 nau'in ciwon daji da za a iya gane su, ƙasa da 0.3% na yawan jama'a sune masu dauke da maye gurbi mai alaka da cutar kansa kuma wadannan ba su wuce 3-10% na duk cututtukan daji ba.<ref name="Expert092"/> Mafi yawan ciwon daji ba na gado bane ("ciwon daji na lokaci-lokaci"). Ciwon daji na gado yana haifar da asali ne ta hanyar lahani na gado. Ciwon daji ko ciwon daji na iyali cuta ce ta kwayoyin halitta wanda gadadden maye gurbi a cikin daya ko fiye da kwayoyin halitta ke sa wadanda abin ya shafa su kamu da cutar kansa kuma yana iya haifar da farkon farkon wadannan cututtukan. Ko da yake ciwon daji yana nuna hasarin ciwon daji, hadarin ya bambanta. Ga wasu daga cikin wadannan cututtuka, ciwon daji ba shine farkon sifa ba kuma ba kasafai ake samun sakamako ba. Yawancin cututtukan ciwon daji suna haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin cuta masu hana ɗari wadanda ke daidaita hadakar kwayoyin cuta. Sauran maye gurbi na yau da kullun suna canza aikin kwayoyin halittar DNA, oncogenes da kwayoyin halittar da ke da hannu wajen samar da hanyoyin jini .<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Hodgson S|title=Mechanisms of inherited cancer susceptibility|journal=Journal of Zhejiang University Science B|volume=9|issue=1|pages=1–4|date=January 2008|pmid=18196605|pmc=2170461|doi=10.1631/jzus.B073001}}</ref> Wasu maye gurbi da aka gada a cikin kwayoyin halittar ''BRCA1'' da ''BRCA2'' tare da fiye da kashi 75 cikin dari na hadarin [[Breast cancer|kansar nono]] da kansar kwai .<ref name="Expert092"/> Wasu daga cikin cututtukan da aka gada wadanda ke haifar da [[Ciwon daji mai launi|ciwon daji na launin]] fata sun hada da familial adenomatous polyposis da na gado maras polyposis colon cancer ; duk da haka, wadannan suna wakiltar kasa da kashi 5% na cututtukan daji na hanji.<ref name="WHO_20142">{{Cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|publisher=World Health Organization|year=2014|isbn=978-9283204299|pages=Chapter 5.5}}</ref> A lokuta da yawa, ana iya amfani da gwajin kwayoyin halitta don gano maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes da ke wucewa ta cikin tsararraki. Halin maye gurbi ana rarraba su azaman ''germline'' ko ''somatic'' dangane da nau'in tantanin halitta inda suke bayyana ( kwayoyin kwayoyin cuta sun hada da kwai da maniyyi da kwayoyin somatic su ne wadanda ke samar da jiki). Ana kuma aiwatar da maye gurbin kwayoyin cuta ta cikin tsararraki kuma suna kara hadarin cutar kansa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2019}} === Ciwon daji === * Ataxia telangiectasia * Bloom ciwo * BRCA1 & BRCA2 * Fanconi anemia * Familial adenomatous polyposis * Gadon nono da ciwon daji na kwai * Gadon ciwon daji mara polyposis * Li-Fraumeni ciwo * Basal cell carcinoma ciwo * Von Hippel-Lindau cuta * Werner ciwo * Xeroderma pigmentosum == Ma'aikatan jiki da sunadarai == Musamman abubuwa, da aka sani da carcinogens, an danganta su da takamaiman nau'in ciwon daji. Misalai na yau da kullun na carcinogens marasa radiyo ana shakar asbestos, wasu dioxins, da hayakin taba. Ko da yake jama'a gabadaya suna danganta cutar sankarau da sinadarai na roba, yana iya yiwuwa ya taso a cikin abubuwan halitta da na roba.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2000-01-17|title=Paracelsus to parascience: the environmental cancer distraction|journal=Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis|language=en|volume=447|issue=1|pages=3–13|doi=10.1016/S0027-5107(99)00194-3|pmid=10686303|issn=0027-5107|last1=Ames|first1=Bruce N.|last2=Gold|first2=Lois Swirsky}}</ref> An kiyasta cewa kusan mutuwar cutar kansa 20,000 da sabbin cututtukan daji 40,000 kowace shekara a Amurka suna da alaqa da zama.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/cancer/|title=National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health- Occupational Cancer|publisher=United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|access-date=13 October 2007}}</ref> A kowace shekara, aƙalla mutane 200,000 ne ke mutuwa a duniya sakamakon cutar kansa da ke da alaqa da wuraren aikinsu. <ref name="WHO_occup">{{Cite press release}}</ref> Miliyoyin ma'aikata suna fuskantar barazanar kamuwa da cutar kansa kamar su kansar huhu da mesothelioma daga shakar asbestos fibers da hayakin taba, ko cutar sankarar bargo daga kamuwa da benzene a wuraren aikinsu.<ref name="WHO_occup" /> An yi imanin ciwon daji da ke da alaƙa da sana'ar mutum yana wakiltar tsakanin 2-20% na duk lokuta.<ref name="pmid180551602">{{cite journal|vauthors=Irigaray P, Newby JA, Clapp R, Hardell L, Howard V, Montagnier L, Epstein S, Belpomme D|title=Lifestyle-related factors and environmental agents causing cancer: an overview|journal=Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy|volume=61|issue=10|pages=640–58|date=December 2007|pmid=18055160|doi=10.1016/j.biopha.2007.10.006}}</ref> Yawancin mutuwar kansar da ke haifar da hadarin sana'a na faruwa a cikin ƙasashen da suka ci gaba. <ref name="WHO_occup" /> Damuwar aiki baya zama wani abu mai mahimmanci akalla a cikin huhu, launin fata, nono da kuma prostate cancer. Shiga Operation Ranchhand a [[Vietnam]] a lokacin yakin Vietnam, ko zama kusa da filin wasan golf, ko zama a gona zai kara haɗarin ƙwayoyin lymphoma wadanda ba Hodgkins ba saboda fallasa ga sinadaran 2,4-D. Lokacin da aka haxa 2,4-D tare da wani magungunan kashe qwari ko herbicide, 2,4-T, a wani rabo na 50:50, an san su tare da Agent Orange. === Shan taba === [[File:Share-of-cancer-deaths-attributed-to-tobacco.png|thumb| Rabon mutuwar ciwon daji da aka danganta da taba a cikin 2016. <ref>{{cite web|title=Share of cancer deaths attributed to tobacco|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-cancer-deaths-attributed-to-tobacco|website=Our World in Data|access-date=5 March 2020}}</ref>]] [[File:Cancer_smoking_lung_cancer_correlation_from_NIH.svg|right|thumb| Yawan [[Ciwon huhun daji|cutar kansar huhu]] yana da alaƙa sosai da shan taba .]] Shan taba yana da alaqa da nau'ikan ciwon daji da yawa,<ref name="Sasco2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Sasco AJ, Secretan MB, Straif K|title=Tobacco smoking and cancer: a brief review of recent epidemiological evidence|journal=Lung Cancer|volume=45 Suppl 2|pages=S3–9|date=August 2004|pmid=15552776|doi=10.1016/j.lungcan.2004.07.998}}</ref> kuma yana haifar da 80% na [[Ciwon huhun daji|kansar huhu]] .<ref name="pmid95949192">{{cite journal|vauthors=Biesalski HK, Bueno de Mesquita B, Chesson A, Chytil F, Grimble R, Hermus RJ, Köhrle J, Lotan R, Norpoth K, Pastorino U, Thurnham D|title=European Consensus Statement on Lung Cancer: risk factors and prevention. Lung Cancer Panel|journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians|volume=48|issue=3|pages=167–76; discussion 164–6|year=1998|pmid=9594919|doi=10.3322/canjclin.48.3.167|s2cid=20891885|doi-access=free}}</ref> Shekaru da yawa na bincike ya nuna alakar da ke tsakanin shan taba da ciwon daji a cikin huhu, makogwaro, kai, wuya, ciki, mafitsara, koda, esophagus da pancreas.<ref name="pmid122700012">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kuper H, Boffetta P, Adami HO|title=Tobacco use and cancer causation: association by tumour type|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|volume=252|issue=3|pages=206–24|date=September 2002|pmid=12270001|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2796.2002.01022.x|s2cid=6132726}}</ref> Akwai wasu shaidun da ke nuna ƙaramar hadarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar jini ta myeloid, squamous cell sinonasal cancer, ciwon hanta, ciwon daji, ciwon daji na gallbladder, glandar adrenal, kananan hanji, da cututtuka na yara daban-daban.<ref name="pmid122700012" /> Hayakin taba ya kunshi fiye da hamsin sanannun ƙwayoyin cuta, gami da nitrosamines da polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . <ref name="Kuper">{{Cite journal}}</ref> Taba yana da alhakin kusan daya cikin uku na duk mutuwar ciwon daji a cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba,<ref name="Sasco2" /> kuma kusan ɗaya cikin biyar a duniya.<ref name="Kuper" /> Yawan mutuwar cutar kansar huhu a Amurka ya yi kama da tsarin shan taba, tare da karuwar shan taba tare da karuwa mai ban mamaki a cikin adadin mutuwar cutar kansar huhu kuma, kwanan nan, raguwar yawan shan taba tun shekarun 1950 ya biyo bayan raguwar mutuwar cutar kansar huhu a cikin maza tun 1990.<ref name="pmid169981612">{{cite journal|vauthors=Thun MJ, Jemal A|title=How much of the decrease in cancer death rates in the United States is attributable to reductions in tobacco smoking?|journal=Tobacco Control|volume=15|issue=5|pages=345–7|date=October 2006|pmid=16998161|pmc=2563648|doi=10.1136/tc.2006.017749}}</ref><ref name="pmid184343332">{{cite journal|vauthors=Dubey S, Powell CA|title=Update in lung cancer 2007|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=177|issue=9|pages=941–6|date=May 2008|pmid=18434333|pmc=2720127|doi=10.1164/rccm.200801-107UP}}</ref> Duk da haka, adadin masu shan taba a duniya yana karuwa, wanda ya haifar da abin da wasu kungiyoyi suka bayyana a matsayin ''cutar ta taba'' .<ref name="pmid152175372">{{cite journal|vauthors=Proctor RN|title=The global smoking epidemic: a history and status report|journal=Clinical Lung Cancer|volume=5|issue=6|pages=371–6|date=May 2004|pmid=15217537|doi=10.3816/CLC.2004.n.016}}</ref> Sigari na lantarki ko e-cigare na'urorin lantarki ne na hannu wadanda ke kwaikwayi jin shan taba. Yin amfani da dogon lokaci na yau da kullun na babban karfin lantarki (5.0V) sigari na lantarki na iya haifar da sinadarai masu kirkirar formaldehyde a mafi girman matakin fiye da shan taba, wanda aka kaddara zai zama haɗarin kansa na rayuwa na kusan sau 5 zuwa 15 fiye da shan taba.<ref name="Cooke20152">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cooke A, Fergeson J, Bulkhi A, Casale TB|title=The Electronic Cigarette: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly|journal=The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. In Practice|volume=3|issue=4|pages=498–505|year=2015|pmid=26164573|doi=10.1016/j.jaip.2015.05.022}}</ref> Koyaya, gabaɗayan aminci da tasirin lafiyar sigari na dogon lokaci har yanzu ba a tabbata ba.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ebbert|first1=Jon O.|last2=Agunwamba|first2=Amenah A.|last3=Rutten|first3=Lila J.|date=January 2015|title=Counseling patients on the use of electronic cigarettes|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|volume=90|issue=1|pages=128–134|doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.11.004|issn=1942-5546|pmid=25572196|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Kayayyaki === [[File:Carcinoma_asbestos_body_lung.jpg|thumb| Jikin asbestos a cikin zamewar cytological]] Wasu abubuwa suna haifar da ciwon daji da farko ta hanyar jiki, maimakon sinadarai, illa ga sel.<ref name="Maltoni32">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20770/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Maltoni CF, Holland JF|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=Chapter 16: Physical Carcinogens|access-date=31 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Babban misali na wannan shine tsawaita bayyanar da asbestos, filayen ma'adinai da ke faruwa a zahiri wadanda sune babban dalilin mesothelioma, wanda shine ciwon daji na membrane serous, yawanci serous membrane kewaye da huhu.<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Sauran abubuwa a cikin wannan nau'in, ciki har da abubuwan da ke faruwa na halitta da kuma kayan aikin asbestos na roba kamar su wollastonite, attapulgite, gilashin ulu, da ulun dutse, an yi imanin suna da irin wannan tasiri.<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Abubuwan da ba su da fibrous wanda ke haifar da ciwon daji sun haɗa da cobalt na karfe da nickel, da silica crystalline ( quartz, cristobalite, da tridymite ).<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Yawancin lokaci, carcinogens na jiki dole ne su shiga cikin jiki (kamar ta hanyar shakar kananan guntu) kuma suna bukatar tsawon shekaru don hadaka ciwon daji.<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Kwayoyin cutar sankara na sana'a sun haɗa da:<ref>{{Cite book|title=Robbins basic pathology|date=2007|publisher=Saunders/Elsevier|others=Kumar, Vinay, 1944-, Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard), 1915-2003.|isbn=978-1416029731|edition=8th|location=Philadelphia, PA|pages=Table 6–2|oclc=69672074}}</ref> * arsenic * asbestos * benzene * beryllium * cadmium * chromium * ethylene oxide * nickel * Plutonium == salon rayuwa == Yawancin abubuwan rayuwa daban-daban suna ba da gudummawa ga hadaka hadarin kansa. Tare, abinci da [[kiba]] suna da alaqa da kusan 30-35% na mutuwar ciwon daji. <ref name="Enviro20082"/><ref name="Nutri06">{{Cite journal}}</ref>Shawarwari na abinci don rigakafin ciwon daji yawanci sun hada da girmamawa ga kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itace, hatsi gabadaya, da kifi, da kuma nisantar nama da aka sarrafa, jan nama, kitsen dabba, da ingantaccen carbohydrates.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Kushi LH, Doyle C, McCullough M, Rock CL, Demark-Wahnefried W, Bandera EV, Gapstur S, Patel AV, Andrews K, Gansler T|title=American Cancer Society Guidelines on nutrition and physical activity for cancer prevention: reducing the risk of cancer with healthy food choices and physical activity|journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians|volume=62|issue=1|pages=30–67|date=January 2012|pmid=22237782|doi=10.3322/caac.20140|s2cid=2067308|doi-access=free}}</ref> Shaidar don tallafawa wadannan canje-canjen abinci ba tabbatacce ba ne.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Wicki A, Hagmann J|title=Diet and cancer|journal=Swiss Medical Weekly|volume=141|pages=w13250|doi=10.4414/smw.2011.13250|pmid=21904992|year=2011|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Barasa === [[File:Cirrosi_micronodular.1427.jpg|thumb| Lalacewa ta yau da kullun saboda shan barasa na iya haifar da hanta cirrhosis (hoton da ke sama) da hadakar cutar sankarar hanta, nau'in ciwon hanta.]] Barasa misali ne na sinadari na carcinogen. Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta ware barasa a matsayin rukuni na 1 carcinogen .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/pr/2009/pdfs/pr196_E.pdf|title=IARC: IARC Strengthens its Findings on Several Carcinogenic Personal Habits and Household Exposures|date=2009|work=International Agency for Research on Cancer - World Health Organization}}</ref> A Yammacin Turai kashi 10% na ciwon daji na maza da kashi 3% na ciwon daji na mata ana danganta su da barasa.<ref name="pmid214745252">{{cite journal|vauthors=Schütze M, Boeing H, Pischon T, Rehm J, Kehoe T, Gmel G, Olsen A, Tjønneland AM, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Clavel-Chapelon F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Trichopoulou A, Benetou V, Zylis D, Kaaks R, Rohrmann S, Palli D, Berrino F, Tumino R, Vineis P, Rodríguez L, Agudo A, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Peeters PH, van Gils CH, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Allen NE, Key TJ, Boffetta P, Slimani N, Jenab M, Romaguera D, Wark PA, Riboli E, Bergmann MM|display-authors=6|title=Alcohol attributable burden of incidence of cancer in eight European countries based on results from prospective cohort study|journal=BMJ|volume=342|pages=d1584|date=April 2011|pmid=21474525|pmc=3072472|doi=10.1136/bmj.d1584}}</ref> A duk duniya, kashi 3.6% na duk cututtukan daji da kashi 3.5% na mutuwar ciwon daji ana danganta su da barasa.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Boffetta|date=August 2006|title=The burden of cancer attributable to alcohol drinking|journal=International Journal of Cancer|volume=119|issue=4|pages=884–7|doi=10.1002/ijc.21903|pmid=16557583|hdl=2434/22728|s2cid=14938863|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Musamman, an nuna amfani da barasa yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon daji na baki, esophagus, pharynx, larynx, ciki, hanta, ovaries, da hanji. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh25-4/263-270.htm|title=Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Cancer|website=pubs.niaaa.nih.gov|language=en|access-date=2018-03-22|archive-date=2018-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221200307/https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh25-4/263-270.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Babban tsarin ci gaban ciwon daji ya hada da kara yawan bayyanar da acetaldehyde, carcinogen da rushewar samfurin ethanol.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Theruvathu JA, Jaruga P, Nath RG, Dizdaroglu M, Brooks PJ|title=Polyamines stimulate the formation of mutagenic 1,N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts from acetaldehyde|journal=Nucleic Acids Research|volume=33|issue=11|pages=3513–20|date=2005|pmid=15972793|pmc=1156964|doi=10.1093/nar/gki661}}</ref> An ba da shawarar wasu hanyoyin, ciki har da [[Rashin abinci mai gina jiki|ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki]] da ke da alaƙa da barasa, canje-canje a cikin DNA methylation, da shigar da damuwa na oxidative a cikin kyallen takarda.<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Poschl G|date=May 2004|title=Alcohol and Cancer|journal=Alcohol and Alcoholism|volume=39|issue=3|pages=155–165|doi=10.1093/alcalc/agh057|pmid=15082451|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Abinci === An danganta wasu takamaiman abinci da takamaiman cututtukan daji. Bincike ya nuna cewa mutanen da ke cin ja ko naman da aka sarrafa suna da hadarin kamuwa da cutar kansar nono, ciwon prostate, da kansar pancreatic.<ref>{{Cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|last=Stewart|first=Bernard|name-list-style=vanc|publisher=World Health Organization|year=2014|isbn=9789283204299|pages=124–33}}</ref> Ana iya bayyana wannan a wani bangare ta kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta na carcinogen a cikin abincin da aka dafa a yanayin zafi.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Lynnette R.|last=Ferguson|name-list-style=vanc|date=February 2010|title=Meat and cancer|journal=Meat Science|volume=84|issue=2|pages=308–313|doi=10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.06.032|pmid=20374790}}</ref> Abubuwan haɗari da yawa don haɓakar ciwon daji na launi sun haɗa da yawan cin mai, barasa, ja da naman da aka sarrafa, kiba, da rashin motsa jiki.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2011|title=Colorectal Cancer 2011 Report: Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer|url=https://www.wcrf.org/sites/default/files/Colorectal-Cancer-2011-Report.pdf|journal=World Cancer Research Fund & American Institute for Cancer Research|access-date=2018-03-22|archive-date=2019-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190522192942/https://www.wcrf.org/sites/default/files/Colorectal-Cancer-2011-Report.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Abincin [[gishiri]] mai yawa yana da alaqa da ciwon daji na ciki. Aflatoxin B1, gurɓataccen abinci akai-akai, yana da alaƙa da ciwon hanta. An nuna taunan goro na haifar da ciwon daji na baki.<ref name="pmid189900052">{{cite journal|vauthors=Park S, Bae J, Nam BH, Yoo KY|title=Aetiology of cancer in Asia|journal=Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention|volume=9|issue=3|pages=371–80|year=2008|pmid=18990005|url=http://www.apocpcontrol.org/page/popup_paper_file_view.php?pno=MzcxIFBhcmsucCZrY29kZT04MjI=&pgubun=i|format=PDF|access-date=2014-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904052252/http://www.apocpcontrol.org/page/popup_paper_file_view.php?pno=MzcxIFBhcmsucCZrY29kZT04MjI=&pgubun=i|archive-date=2011-09-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dangantakar da ke tsakanin abinci da ci gaban wasu cututtukan daji na iya yin bayanin bambance-bambance a cikin kamuwa da cutar kansa a kasashe daban-daban. Misali, ciwon daji na ciki ya fi zama ruwan dare a [[Japan]] saboda yawan cin abinci mai yawan gishiri da kuma ciwon daji na hanji ya zama ruwan dare a Amurka saboda yawan cin naman da aka sarrafa da kuma jan nama.<ref name="pmid191074492">{{cite book|vauthors=Brenner H, Rothenbacher D, Arndt V|chapter=Epidemiology of stomach cancer|volume=472|pages=467–77|year=2009|pmid=19107449|doi=10.1007/978-1-60327-492-0_23|isbn=978-1-60327-491-3|series=Methods in Molecular Biology|pmc=2166976|title=Cancer Epidemiology}}</ref> Al'ummomin bakin haure sun kasance suna hadaka yanayin haɗarin cutar kansa na sabuwar kasarsu, galibi a cikin tsararraki ɗaya zuwa biyu, suna ba da shawarar alaƙa mai mahimmanci tsakanin abinci da kansa.<ref name="pmid142788992">{{cite journal|vauthors=Buell P, Dunn JE|title=Cancer Mortality among Japanese Issei and Nisei of California|journal=Cancer|volume=18|issue=5|pages=656–64|date=May 1965|pmid=14278899|doi=10.1002/1097-0142(196505)18:5<656::AID-CNCR2820180515>3.0.CO;2-3|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Parkin|first1=D. M.|last2=Khlat|first2=M.|date=May 1996|title=Studies of cancer in migrants: rationale and methodology|journal=European Journal of Cancer|volume=32A|issue=5|pages=761–771|issn=0959-8049|pmid=9081351|doi=10.1016/0959-8049(96)00062-7}}</ref> === Kiba === {| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left:15px; text-align:center" |+Ciwon daji masu alaka da kiba !Maza ! Mata |- | [[Ciwon daji mai launi]] | [[Ciwon daji mai launi]] |- | Esophageal adenocarcinoma | Ciwon daji na Endometrial |- | Ciwon daji na koda | Esophageal adenocarcinoma |- | Ciwon daji na Pancreatic | Gallbladder cancer |- | Ciwon daji na thyroid | Ciwon daji na koda |- | | Ciwon daji na Pancreatic |- | | [[Breast cancer|Ciwon nono bayan menopause]] |} A cikin Amurka, yawan nauyin jiki yana da alaqa da hadakar nau'in ciwon daji da yawa kuma shine kashi 14-20% na mutuwar ciwon daji. Kowace shekara, kusan sabbin cututtukan daji 85,000 a Amurka suna da alaƙa da kiba.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011">{{Cite journal}}</ref> Mutanen da aka yi wa tiyatar bariatric don asarar nauyi sun rage kamuwa da cutar kansa da mace-mace.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011" /> Akwai dangantaka tsakanin kiba da ciwon hanji, ciwon nono bayan al'ada, ciwon daji na endometrial, ciwon koda, da ciwon daji na esophageal.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011">{{Cite journal}}</ref> An kuma danganta kiba da kamuwa da cutar sankarar hanta.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Alzahrani B, Iseli TJ, Hebbard LW|title=Non-viral causes of liver cancer: does obesity led inflammation play a role?|journal=Cancer Letters|volume=345|issue=2|pages=223–9|date=April 2014|pmid=24007864|doi=10.1016/j.canlet.2013.08.036}}</ref> Fahimtar yanzu game da tsarin ci gaban ciwon daji a cikin kiba yana da alaƙa da karancin matakan furotin na rayuwa (ciki har da abubuwan hadakar insulin-kamar abubuwan habakawa) da hormones na jima'i ( estrogens, androgens da progestogens ). <ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011" /> Nama na adipose kuma yana haifar da yanayi mai kumburi wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen bunkasa ciwon daji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Gilbert CA, Slingerland JM|title=Cytokines, obesity, and cancer: new insights on mechanisms linking obesity to cancer risk and progression|journal=Annual Review of Medicine|volume=64|issue=1|pages=45–57|date=2013-01-14|pmid=23121183|doi=10.1146/annurev-med-121211-091527}}</ref> An yi imanin rashin aiki na jiki yana ba da gudummawa ga hadarin ciwon daji ba kawai ta hanyar tasirinsa akan nauyin jiki ba har ma ta hanyar mummunan tasiri akan tsarin rigakafi da tsarin endocrine . Fiye da rabin sakamako daga abinci shine saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki maimakon cin abinci mai kyau.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011">{{Cite journal}}</ref> == Hormones == [[File:Breast_cancer_gross_appearance.jpg|thumb| Siffar macroscopic na ciwon daji na ductal carcinoma na nono. Ciwon daji shine kodadde, taro mai siffa mai kaguwa a tsakiya, kewaye da nama mai kitse na al'ada, rawaya.]] Wasu hormones suna taka rawa wajen haɓakar ciwon daji ta hanyar haɓaka yaduwar kwayar halitta .<ref name="Henderson2"/> Abubuwan haɓaka masu kama da insulin da sunadaran da ke ɗaure su suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin haɓakar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, bambance-bambance da apoptosis, suna nuna yiwuwar shiga cikin carcinogenesis.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Rowlands MA, Gunnell D, Harris R, Vatten LJ, Holly JM, Martin RM|title=Circulating insulin-like growth factor peptides and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis|journal=International Journal of Cancer|volume=124|issue=10|pages=2416–29|date=May 2009|pmid=19142965|pmc=2743036|doi=10.1002/ijc.24202}}</ref> Hormones sune mahimman abubuwa a cikin cututtukan daji masu alaƙa da jima'i kamar kansar nono, endometrium, prostate, ovary, da testis, da kuma ciwon daji na thyroid da kansar kashi .<ref name="Henderson2"/> Misali, 'ya'yan mata masu fama da ciwon nono suna da adadin isrogen da progesterone da yawa fiye da 'yan matan mata masu ciwon nono. Wadannan matakan hormone masu girma na iya yin bayanin dalilin da yasa wadannan mata ke da hadarin kamuwa da cutar kansar nono, ko da idan babu kwayar cutar kansar nono.<ref name="Henderson2" /> Hakazalika, mazan zuriyar Afirka suna da matakan testosterone mafi girma fiye da mazan zuriyar Turai, kuma suna da daidai da matakin [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar kansar prostate]] .<ref name="Henderson2" /> Maza na asalin Asiya, tare da kananan matakan testosterone-activating androstanediol glucuronide, suna da kananan matakan ciwon daji na prostate.<ref name="Henderson2" /> Sauran abubuwan kuma sun dace: mutane masu kiba suna da matakan girma na wasu hormones masu alaqa da ciwon daji da kuma mafi girman adadin wadannan cututtukan.<ref name="Henderson2">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20759/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Henderson BE, Bernstein L, Ross RK|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=Chapter 13: Hormones and the Etiology of Cancer|access-date=27 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Matan da suke shan maganin maye gurbin hormone suna da hadari mafi girma na tasowa ciwon daji da ke hade da waɗannan hormones.<ref name="Henderson2" /> A gefe guda kuma, mutanen da ke motsa jiki fiye da matsakaici suna da ƙananan matakan wadannan hormones, kuma ƙananan haɗarin ciwon daji.<ref name="Henderson2" /> Osteosarcoma na iya haɓaka ta hanyar hormones girma .<ref name="Henderson2" /> Wasu jiyya da hanyoyin rigakafin suna yin amfani da wannan dalili ta hanyar rage matakan hormone ta hanyar wucin gadi, kuma don haka yana hana cututtukan daji masu saurin kamuwa da hormone. Saboda hormones na steroids suna da karfi masu haifar da bayyanar cututtuka a cikin wasu kwayoyin cutar kansa, canza matakan ko aiki na wasu kwayoyin halitta na iya haifar da wasu ciwon daji su daina girma ko kuma su fuskanci mutuwar kwayar halitta.<ref name="Henderson2"/> Watakila mafi yawan sanannun misali na maganin hormonal a cikin ilimin oncology shine amfani da zabi na estrogen-receptor modulator tamoxifen don maganin ciwon nono. Wani nau'i na ma'aikatan hormonal, masu hana aromatase, yanzu suna da rawar fadadawa a cikin maganin ciwon nono. == Kamuwa da kumburi == A duk duniya, kusan kashi 18% na cututtukan daji suna da alaƙa da cututtuka masu yaduwa .<ref name="Enviro20082">{{cite journal|vauthors=Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Kunnumakara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Tharakan ST, Lai OS, Sung B, Aggarwal BB|date=September 2008|title=Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes|journal=Pharmaceutical Research|volume=25|issue=9|pages=2097–116|doi=10.1007/s11095-008-9661-9|pmc=2515569|pmid=18626751}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=2012-06-01|first2=Jacques|last7=Plummer|first6=David|last6=Forman|first5=Freddie|last5=Bray|first4=Jérôme|last4=Vignat|first3=Silvia|last3=Franceschi|last2=Ferlay|title=Global burden of cancers attributable to infections in 2008: a review and synthetic analysis|first1=Catherine|last1=De Martel|issn=1470-2045|pmid=22575588|doi=10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70137-7|pages=607–615|issue=6|volume=13|language=en|journal=The Lancet Oncology|first7=Martyn}}</ref> Wannan rabo ya bambanta a yankuna daban-daban na duniya daga babban kashi 25% a Afirka zuwa kasa da 10% a cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba.<ref name="Enviro20082" /> Kwayoyin cuta sune cututtuka na yau da kullun waɗanda ke haifar da ciwon daji amma kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta suma suna taimakawa. Kwayoyin cututtuka waɗanda ke ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji akai-akai sune tushen lalacewar DNA ko rashin zaman lafiyar kwayoyin halitta. [[File:HPV_causing_cervical_cancer.jpg|thumb| HPV ita ce kwayar cutar da aka fi sani da ke cutar da tsarin haihuwa. Kamuwa da cuta na iya haifar da ci gaban cutar kansar mahaifa a cikin mata.]] Kamuwa da cuta shine babban haɗari ga cutar sankarar mahaifa da hanta.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=De Paoli P, Carbone A|title=Carcinogenic viruses and solid cancers without sufficient evidence of causal association|journal=International Journal of Cancer|volume=133|issue=7|pages=1517–29|date=October 2013|pmid=23280523|doi=10.1002/ijc.27995|s2cid=38402898}}</ref> Kwayar cutar da ke haifar da ciwon daji ana kiranta ''oncovirus'' . Wadannan sun hada da papillomavirus ɗan adam ( [[Ciwon daji na mahaifa|ciwon mahaifa]] ), cutar Epstein-Barr ( cututtukan lymphoproliferative B-cell da nasopharyngeal carcinoma ), Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus ( Kaposi's sarcoma da primary effusion lymphomas ), [[hepatitis B]] da [[hepatitis C]] ƙwayoyin cuta ( hepatocellular carcinoma ), da Human T. Kwayar cutar sankarar bargo-1 (T-cell leukemias). A kasashen da suka ci gaba na Yamma, cutar papillomavirus (HPV) da cutar hanta ta B (HBV) da kuma cutar hanta ta C (HCV) su ne [[Kanjamau|cutar kanjamau]].<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Kunnumakara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Tharakan ST, Lai OS, Sung B, Aggarwal BB|title=Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes|journal=Pharmaceutical Research|volume=25|issue=9|pages=2097–116|date=September 2008|pmid=18626751|pmc=2515569|doi=10.1007/s11095-008-9661-9}}</ref> A Amurka, HPV yana haifar da mafi yawan ciwon daji na mahaifa, da kuma wasu ciwon daji na farji, farji, azzakari, dubura, dubura, makogwaro, harshe da tonsils.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/index.htm|title=Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Cancer|date=January 2, 2018|website=CDC|access-date=March 22, 2018}}</ref> Daga cikin kwayoyin cuta na HPV masu haɗari, HPV E6 da E7 oncoproteins suna hana ƙwayoyin kwayoyin cuta suppressor lokacin kamuwa da kwayoyin cuta. Bugu da ƙari, oncoproteins da kansa suna haifar da rashin zaman lafiyar kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayoyin halitta na al'ada, wanda ke haifar da haɗarin ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Münger K, Baldwin A, Edwards KM, Hayakawa H, Nguyen CL, Owens M, Grace M, Huh K|title=Mechanisms of human papillomavirus-induced oncogenesis|journal=Journal of Virology|volume=78|issue=21|pages=11451–60|date=November 2004|pmid=15479788|pmc=523272|doi=10.1128/JVI.78.21.11451-11460.2004}}</ref> Mutanen da ke da ciwon hanta na ciwon hanta B sun fi sau 200 suna iya kamuwa da cutar kansar hanta fiye da waɗanda ba su kamu da cutar ba.<ref name="Sung_20002">{{cite book|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20828/|title=Hepatitis Viruses|last1=Sung|first1=Max W.|last2=Thung|first2=Swan N.|last3=Acs|first3=George|name-list-style=vanc|date=2000|publisher=BC Decker}}</ref> [[Cirrhosis|Ciwon hanta]], ko daga kamuwa da cutar ciwon hanta na kullum ko kuma cin zarafi na barasa, yana da alaƙa da kansa tare da ci gaban ciwon hanta, amma haɗuwa da cirrhosis da ciwon hanta na ƙwayar cuta yana nuna mafi girman hadarin ciwon hanta.<ref name="Sung_20002" /> === Bacteria da parasites === [[File:Schistosoma_bladder_histopathology.jpeg|thumb| Histopathology na ''Schistosoma haematobium'' qwai a cikin rufin mafitsara.]] Wasu cututtuka na kwayoyin cuta kuma suna ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin Helicobacter pylori wanda ya haifar da ciwon ciki .<ref name="Viral042">{{cite journal|vauthors=Pagano JS, Blaser M, Buendia MA, Damania B, Khalili K, Raab-Traub N, Roizman B|title=Infectious agents and cancer: criteria for a causal relation|journal=Seminars in Cancer Biology|volume=14|issue=6|pages=453–71|date=December 2004|pmid=15489139|doi=10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.06.009|author-link2=Martin J. Blaser}}</ref> Hanyar da ''H. pylori'' ke haifar da ciwon daji na iya haɗawa da kumburi na yau da kullum ko aikin kai tsaye na wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta .<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hatakeyama|first=Masanori|date=9 December 2005|title=Helicobacter pylori CagA: a new paradigm for bacterial carcinogenesis|journal=Cancer Science|volume=96|issue=12|pages=835–843|doi=10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00130.x|pmid=16367902|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kwayoyin cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da ciwon daji sun haɗa da ''Schistosoma haematobium'' ( squamous cell carcinoma na mafitsara ) da kuma hanta flukes, ''Opisthorchis viverrini'' da ''Clonorchis sinensis'' ( cholangiocarcinoma ).<ref name="pmid205390592">{{cite journal|vauthors=Samaras V, Rafailidis PI, Mourtzoukou EG, Peppas G, Falagas ME|title=Chronic bacterial and parasitic infections and cancer: a review|journal=Journal of Infection in Developing Countries|volume=4|issue=5|pages=267–81|date=June 2010|pmid=20539059|doi=10.3855/jidc.819|url=http://www.jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/download/20539059/387|format=PDF|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kumburi da ƙwan tsutsa ke haifarwa ya bayyana shine hanyar da ke haifar da ciwon daji. Wasu cututtukan cututtuka na parasitic kuma na iya ƙara kasancewar mahadi na carcinogenic a cikin jiki, wanda ke haifar da haɓakar ciwon daji.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20917/|title=Parasites|last=Mustacchi|first=Piero|date=2000|publisher=BC Decker|language=en}}</ref> [[Tibi|Cutar tarin fuka]], wanda mycobacterium ''M. tarin fuka'' ya haifar, an kuma danganta shi da ci gaban ciwon huhu.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Pallis AG, Syrigos KN|title=Lung cancer in never smokers: disease characteristics and risk factors|language=en|journal=Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology|volume=88|issue=3|pages=494–503|date=December 2013|pmid=23921082|doi=10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.06.011}}</ref> === Kumburi === Akwai shaidar cewa kumburi kanta yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen hadakawa da ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Taniguchi K, Karin M|date=February 2014|title=IL-6 and related cytokines as the critical lynchpins between inflammation and cancer|journal=Seminars in Immunology|volume=26|issue=1|pages=54–74|doi=10.1016/j.smim.2014.01.001|pmid=24552665}}</ref> Kumburi na yau da kullum zai iya haifar da lalacewar DNA a kan lokaci da kuma tarin sauye-sauye na kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayoyin cutar kansa.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A|title=Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability|journal=Carcinogenesis|volume=30|issue=7|pages=1073–81|date=July 2009|pmid=19468060|doi=10.1093/carcin/bgp127|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kumburi na iya taimakawa wajen yaduwa, rayuwa, angiogensis da ƙaura na kwayoyin ciwon daji ta hanyar tasiri microenvironment tumor .<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Mantovani A|title=Molecular pathways linking inflammation and cancer|journal=Current Molecular Medicine|volume=10|issue=4|pages=369–73|date=June 2010|pmid=20455855|doi=10.2174/156652410791316968}}</ref> Mutanen da ke da cututtukan hanji mai kumburi suna cikin hadarin hadaka cututtukan daji na launi.<ref name="WHO_20142"/> == Radiation == Har zuwa kashi 10 cikin 100 na cututtukan daji masu barna suna da alaqa da fallasa hasken rana, gami da duka radiation marasa ionizing da radiation ionizing .<ref name="Enviro20082"/> Ba kamar abubuwan da ke haifar da sinadarai ko jiki don ciwon daji ba, ionizing radiation yana kaiwa ga kwayoyin halitta a cikin sel ba da gangan ba. Idan ya faru ya bugi chromosome, zai iya karya chromosome, ya haifar da adadi mara kyau na chromosomes, rashin kunna ɗaya ko fiye da kwayoyin halitta a cikin bangaren chromosome da ya buga, share sassan jerin DNA, haifar da fassarar chromosome, ko haifar da chromosomes. sauran nau'ikan rashin daidaituwa na chromosome .<ref name="Little2">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20793/|title=Cancer medicine|author=Little JB|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Kufe DW, Pollock RE, Weichselbaum RR, Bast RC, Gansler TS, Holland JF, Frei E|edition=6th|location=Hamilton, Ont|chapter=Chapter 14: Ionizing Radiation}}</ref> Babban lalacewa yakan haifar da mutuwar tantanin halitta, amma ƙananan lalacewa na iya barin barga, wani ɓangaren tantanin halitta mai aiki wanda zai iya yaduwa da haɓaka zuwa kansa, musamman idan kwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu hana ƙari sun lalace ta hanyar radiation.<ref name="Little2" /> Matakai uku masu zaman kansu sun bayyana suna da hannu a cikin ƙirƙirar ciwon daji tare da radiation ionizing: sauye-sauyen yanayin halitta zuwa tantanin halitta, samun rashin mutuwa ta salula (rasa al'ada, tsarin tafiyar da rayuwa mai iyaka), da daidaitawa waɗanda ke ba da izinin samuwar kwayar cuta.<ref name="Little2" /> Ko da kwayar cutar ba ta bugi DNA kai tsaye ba, yana haifar da martani daga sel waɗanda ke ƙara yuwuwar maye gurbi a kaikaice.<ref name="Little2" /> === Radiation marasa ionizing === [[File:Squamous_cell_carcinoma_(3).jpg|thumb| Squamous cell carcinoma akan fatar hanci da ke fitowa rana.]] Ba kowane nau'in radiation na lantarki ba ne carcinogenic. Rawanin makamashi mara karfi akan bakan na'urar lantarki da suka hada da rakuman radiyo, microwaves, infrared radiation da hasken da ake iya gani ba ana tsammanin ba saboda basu da isasshen kuzari don karya haɗin sinadarai . Rashin ionizing mitar rediyo daga wayar hannu, watsa wutar lantarki, da sauran makamantansu an bayyana su a matsayin yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar sankara ta [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|Hukumar Lafiya ta]] Duniya don Bincike kan Ciwon daji . Koyaya, binciken bai sami daidaiton alaƙa tsakanin hasken wayar salula da haɗarin kansa ba.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/cellphones|title=Cell Phones and Cancer Risk - National Cancer Institute|date=2013-05-08|publisher=Cancer.gov|access-date=2013-12-15}}</ref> Hasken makamashi mai ƙarfi, gami da hasken ultraviolet (wanda yake a cikin hasken rana), hasken x-ray, da radiation na gamma, gabaɗaya carcinogenic ne, idan an karɓa cikin isassun allurai. Tsawon tsawaitawa zuwa hasken ultraviolet daga [[rana]] zai iya haifar da melanoma da sauran cututtukan fata.<ref name="Cleaver2">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20854/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Cleaver JE, Mitchell DL|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=15. Ultraviolet Radiation Carcinogenesis|access-date=31 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Yawancin cututtukan da ba su da haɗari ba su ne cututtukan [[Ciwon daji na fata|fata]] waɗanda ba melanoma ba waɗanda ba su haifar da radiation ultraviolet ba. Shaida bayyananniya ta kafa radiation ultraviolet, musamman ma matsakaicin raƙuman raguman ionizing UVB, a matsayin sanadin mafi yawan cututtukan cututtukan fata waɗanda ba melanoma ba, waɗanda sune mafi yawan nau'ikan ciwon daji a duniya.<ref name="Cleaver2" /> === Ionizing radiation === [[File:Meningioma.jpg|thumb| Sashin ketare na meningioma yana kawar da kwakwalwar da ke karkashin.]] Tushen ionizing radiation sun haɗa da hoton likita, da radon gas. Ionizing radiation ba mutagen mai karfi bane musamman.<ref name="Little2"/> Amfani da likitanci na ionizing radiation shine tushen hadakar cututtukan daji da ke haifar da radiation. Ana iya amfani da radiation ionizing don magance wasu cututtuka, amma wannan yana iya, a wasu lokuta, haifar da nau'i na biyu na ciwon daji.<ref name="Little2" /> Radiation na iya haifar da ciwon daji a mafi yawan sassan jiki, a cikin dukan dabbobi, da kuma kowane shekaru, duk da cewa radiation-induced tabarbarewar ciwace-ciwacen daji yakan dauki shekaru 10-15, kuma zai iya ɗaukar shekaru 40, ya bayyana a asibiti, kuma radiation-jawowa. cutar sankarar bargo yawanci yana buƙatar shekaru 2-10 don bayyana.<ref name="Little2" /> Radiation-induced meningiomas wani baƙon abu ne mai rikitarwa na kumburin hanji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Yamanaka R, Hayano A, Kanayama T|title=Radiation-Induced Meningiomas: An Exhaustive Review of the Literature|journal=World Neurosurgery|volume=97|pages=635–644.e8|date=January 2017|pmid=27713063|doi=10.1016/j.wneu.2016.09.094}}</ref> Wasu mutane, irin su waɗanda ke da ciwon basal cell carcinoma ko retinoblastoma, sun fi sauƙi fiye da matsakaici don bunkasa ciwon daji daga bayyanar radiation.<ref name="Little2" /> Yara da matasa suna da yuwuwar haɓaka cutar sankarar bargo da ke haifar da radiation sau biyu kamar manya; Fitar da radiation kafin haihuwa yana da tasirin sau goma.<ref name="Little2" /> Hakanan ana amfani da ionizing radiation a wasu nau'ikan hoton likita . A cikin ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu, hoton likitanci yana ba da gudummawar kusan adadin radiation ga jama'a kamar na baya-bayan nan. Dabarun magungunan nukiliya sun haɗa da allurar magungunan rediyo kai tsaye zuwa cikin jini. Maganin rediyo da gangan yana isar da allurai masu yawa na radiation zuwa ciwace-ciwacen ciwace-ciwacen da ke kewaye da shi azaman nau'in maganin cuta. An kiyasta cewa 0.4% na ciwon daji a cikin 2007 a Amurka sun kasance saboda CTs da aka yi a baya kuma wannan na iya karuwa zuwa 1.5-2% tare da ƙimar amfani da CT a wannan lokaci guda.<ref name="pmid180460312">{{cite journal|vauthors=Brenner DJ, Hall EJ|title=Computed tomography--an increasing source of radiation exposure|journal=The New England Journal of Medicine|volume=357|issue=22|pages=2277–84|date=November 2007|pmid=18046031|doi=10.1056/NEJMra072149|url=https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79492|access-date=2022-02-11|archive-date=2022-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319064738/https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79492|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bayyanar mazaunin ga radon gas yana da irin wannan haɗarin kansa kamar shan taba .<ref name="Little2"/> Ƙananan bayyanar cututtuka, kamar rayuwa kusa da tashar makamashin nukiliya, an yi imanin cewa ba su da wani tasiri ko kadan akan ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref name="Little2" /> Radiation shine tushen ciwon daji mafi karfi idan aka haɗa shi da sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar kansa, irin su radon iskar gas tare da shan taba.<ref name="Little2" /> == Dalilan da ba kasafai ba == === Dashen gabobi === [[File:Metastatic_malignant_melanoma,_heart.jpg|thumb| M melanoma metastases a cikin zuciya.]] Ci gaban ciwace-ciwacen da ake samu daga masu ba da taimako daga dashen sassan jiki yana da wuyar gaske. Babban abin da ke haifar da ciwace-ciwacen gabobi da ke da alaƙa da alama yana da cutar melanoma, wanda ba a gano shi ba a lokacin girbi na gabbai.<ref name="pmid169577172">{{cite journal|vauthors=Dingli D, Nowak MA|title=Cancer biology: infectious tumour cells|journal=Nature|volume=443|issue=7107|pages=35–6|date=September 2006|pmid=16957717|pmc=2711443|doi=10.1038/443035a|bibcode=2006Natur.443...35D}}</ref> Haka kuma an sami rahotannin sarcoma na Kaposi na faruwa bayan dasawa saboda ficewar ƙwayoyin masu ba da taimako da kwayoyin cuta suka kamu da cutar.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Barozzi P, Luppi M, Facchetti F, Mecucci C, Alù M, Sarid R, Rasini V, Ravazzini L, Rossi E, Festa S, Crescenzi B, Wolf DG, Schulz TF, Torelli G|title=Post-transplant Kaposi sarcoma originates from the seeding of donor-derived progenitors|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=9|issue=5|pages=554–61|date=May 2003|pmid=12692543|doi=10.1038/nm862|s2cid=2527251}}</ref> === Tashin hankali === Raunin jiki da ke haifar da ciwon daji ba kasafai ba ne.<ref name="Gaeta32">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20784/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Gaeta JF|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=Chapter 17: Trauma and Inflammation|access-date=27 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Da'awar cewa karya kasusuwa ya haifar da ciwon daji na kashi, alal misali, ba a taɓa tabbatar da hakan ba.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Hakazalika, ba a yarda da raunin jiki a matsayin sanadin cutar kansar mahaifa, ciwon nono, ko kansar kwakwalwa.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Ɗaya daga cikin tushen da aka yarda shine akai-akai, aikace-aikacen dogon lokaci na abubuwa masu zafi zuwa jiki. Mai yiyuwa ne konewar da ake ta yi a wani bangare na jiki, irin wadanda ake samar da su daga kangare da na’urorin dumama na kairo (masu dumin hannun gawayi), na iya haifar da cutar kansar fata, musamman ma idan akwai sinadarai masu cutar kansa.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Yawan shan shayi mai zafi mai zafi na iya haifar da ciwon daji na esophageal.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Gabaɗaya, an yi imanin cewa ciwon daji ya taso, ko kuma ana karfafa ciwon daji da ya rigaya ya kasance, a lokacin aikin gyaran raunin da ya faru, maimakon ciwon daji wanda ya haifar da ciwon kai tsaye.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Koyaya, raunin raunin da aka samu ga kyallen takarda iri ɗaya na iya haɓaka haɓakar kwayoyin sel da yawa, wanda hakan zai iya ƙara yuwuwar maye gurbi. === Watsawar uwa- tayi === A {asar Amirka, kusan mata masu juna biyu 3,500 suna fama da rashin lafiya a kowace shekara, kuma an lura da watsa cutar sankarar bargo mai tsanani, lymphoma, melanoma da carcinoma daga uwa zuwa tayin.<ref name="Tolar2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Tolar J, Neglia JP|title=Transplacental and other routes of cancer transmission between individuals|journal=Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology|volume=25|issue=6|pages=430–4|date=June 2003|pmid=12794519|doi=10.1097/00043426-200306000-00002}}</ref> Ban da cututtukan da ba kasafai ake yadawa ba da ke faruwa tare da masu juna biyu da masu ba da gudummawar gabbai kaɗan kawai, ciwon daji gabadaya ba cuta ce mai yaduwa ba . Babban dalilin wannan shine kin amincewa da ƙwayar nama wanda rashin daidaituwa na MHC ya haifar. <ref name="Tolar">{{Cite journal}}</ref> A cikin mutane da sauran kasusuwa, tsarin rigakafi yana amfani da antigens na MHC don bambanta tsakanin "kai" da "wadanda ba na kai ba" saboda wadannan antigens sun bambanta da mutum zuwa mutum. Lokacin da aka ci karo da antigens wadanda ba na kansu ba, tsarin rigakafi yana amsawa da tantanin halitta da ya dace. Irin wadannan halayen na iya karewa daga kwayar kwayar cuta ta hanyar kawar da kwayoyin da aka dasa. == Genetics == [[Fayil:Familial_Adenomatous_Polyposes_colon_-2.jpg|thumb|Polyps masu yawa a cikin hanji na mutum tare da polyposis na adenomatous na iyali]] Kodayake akwai nau'ikan gado sama da 50 na Ciwon daji, ƙasa da 0.3% na yawan jama'a suna dauke da maye gurbin kwayar halitta mai alaƙa da ciwon daji kuma waɗannan sun zama ƙasa da 3-10% na duk lokuta na ciwon kansa.[1] Yawancin cututtukan daji ba na gado ba ne ("sporadic cancer"). Ciwon daji na gado ya samo asali ne daga lahani na kwayar halitta. Cutar ciwon daji ko ciwon daji na iyali cuta ce ta kwayar halitta wacce aka gada maye gurbin kwayar halitta a cikin kwayar halitta ɗaya ko fiye da haka ke haifar da mutanen da abin ya shafa ga ci gaban ciwon daji kuma yana iya haifar da farkon farkon farkon farkon waɗannan ciwon daji. Kodayake cututtukan ciwon daji suna nuna ƙarin haɗarin ciwon daji, haɗarin ya bambanta. Ga wasu daga cikin wadannan cututtukan, ciwon daji ba shine ainihin fasalin ba kuma sakamako ne mai ban mamaki. Yawancin cututtukan cutar kansa suna haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halitta masu hana kumburi waɗanda ke sarrafa ci gaban tantanin halitta. Sauran maye gurbin da aka saba amfani da su suna canza aikin kwayoyin halitta na gyaran DNA, oncogenes da kwayoyin halitta da ke cikin samar da jijiyoyin jini.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hodgson S |date=January 2008 |title=Mechanisms of inherited cancer susceptibility |journal=Journal of Zhejiang University Science B |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1631/jzus.B073001 |pmc=2170461 |pmid=18196605}}</ref> Wasu maye gurbin da aka gada a cikin kwayoyin ''BRCA1'' da ''BRCA2'' tare da haɗarin sama da 75% na ciwon nono da [[Ciwon Daji Na Mahaifa|Ciwon daji na ovarian]]. Wasu daga cikin cututtukan kwayar halitta da aka gada waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ciwon daji na colorectal sun haɗa da polyposis na iyali da kuma ciwon daji mai ban sha'awa; duk da haka, waɗannan suna wakiltar ƙasa da 5% na lokuta na ciwon daji. A lokuta da yawa, ana iya amfani da Gwajin kwayar halitta don gano kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes waɗanda aka wuce ta cikin tsararraki. === Ciwon daji === * Ataxia-telangiectasia * Cutar Bloom * BRCA1 da BRCA2 * Rashin jini na Fanconi * Adenomatous polyposis na iyali * Godiya ta nono da ciwon daji na ovarian * Ciwon daji na gado wanda ba shi da ma'ana * Ciwon Li-Fraumeni * Nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome * Cutar Von Hippel-Lindau * Ciwon Werner * Xeroderma pigmentosum == Manazarta == [[Category:Cutar daji]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] b1v6zfro9puqev9f71cu22n7ws1dcl3 863372 863343 2026-06-21T17:22:00Z Xaynarb 43630 An kirkira ta fassara "Genetics" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360210926|Causes of cancer]]" 863372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Cancer_requires_multiple_mutations_from_NIHen.png|thumb| Ciwon daji yana bukatar maye gurbi da yawa don ci gaba.]] [[Fayil:吸煙引致肺癌 Smoking causes lung cancer SML.20120928.IP3 (8032518633).jpg|thumb|dalilan ciwon daji]] '''Ciwon daji yana faruwa ne''' ta hanyar canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta wanda ke haifar da hadakar kwayoyin cuta marasa tsari da samuwar kari.<ref>https://powerfulpatients.org/ha/tag/cancer-patients/{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Babban dalilin ciwon daji (wanda ba na iyali ba) shine lalacewar DNA{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019|reason=removed citation to predatory publisher content}}<ref>https://powerfulpatients.org/ha/tag/cancer-patients/{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> da rashin zaman lafiya.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Ferguson LR, Chen H, Collins AR, Connell M, Damia G, Dasgupta S, Malhotra M, Meeker AK, Amedei A, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Aquilano K, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Bilsland A, Boosani CS, Chen S, Ciriolo MR, Fujii H, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Keith WN, Mohammed SI, Niccolai E, Yang X, Honoki K, Parslow VR, Prakash S, Rezazadeh S, Shackelford RE, Sidransky D, Tran PT, Yang ES, Maxwell CA|display-authors=6|title=Genomic instability in human cancer: Molecular insights and opportunities for therapeutic attack and prevention through diet and nutrition|journal=Seminars in Cancer Biology|volume=35 Suppl|issue=Suppl|pages=S5–S24|date=December 2015|pmid=25869442|pmc=4600419|doi=10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.005}}</ref> Kadan daga cikin cututtukan daji na faruwa ne saboda maye gurbi na gado.<ref name="Expert092">{{cite journal|vauthors=Roukos DH|date=April 2009|title=Genome-wide association studies: how predictable is a person's cancer risk?|journal=Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy|volume=9|issue=4|pages=389–92|doi=10.1586/era.09.12|pmid=19374592|s2cid=24746283}}</ref> Yawancin [[Cututtukan da gurɓatar yanayi ke haifarwa|cututtukan]] daji suna da alaƙa da muhalli, salon rayuwa, ko fallasa ɗabi'a.<ref name="WCR20142">{{cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-9283204299|veditors=Stewart BW, Wild CP|pages=16–54|chapter=Cancer etiology}}</ref> Ciwon daji gabaɗaya baya yaɗuwa a cikin ɗan adam, kodayake ana iya haifar dashi ta hanyar oncoviruses da kwayoyin cutar kansa . Kalmar " muhalli ", kamar yadda masu binciken [[Ciwon Daji Na Baka|ciwon daji]] ke amfani da ita, tana nufin duk wani abu da ke waje da jiki wanda ke hulda da mutane. <ref name="Environment-NIH2">{{cite book|title=Cancer and the Environment: What you Need to Know, What You Can Do|date=2003|publisher=[[National Institutes of Health]]|location=NIH Publication No. 03-2039|quote=Cancer develops over several years and has many causes. Several factors both inside and outside the body contribute to the development of cancer. In this context, scientists refer to everything outside the body that interacts with humans as 'environmental'.}}</ref> Yanayin bai iyakance ga [[Biophysical environment|yanayin yanayin halitta ba]] (misali fallasa abubuwa kamar gurɓatacciyar [[iska]] ko hasken rana), to amma kuma ya haɗa da yanayin rayuwa da halayen dabi'a.<ref name="isbn0-387-78192-72">{{cite book|vauthors=Kravchenko J, Akushevich I, Manton KG|title=Cancer mortality and morbidity patterns from the U. S. population: an interdisciplinary approach|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|year=2009|isbn=978-0-387-78192-1|quote=The term ''environment'' refers not only to air, water, and soil but also to substances and conditions at home and at the workplace, including diet, smoking, alcohol, drugs, exposure to chemicals, sunlight, ionizing radiation, electromagnetic fields, infectious agents, etc. Lifestyle, economic and behavioral factors are all aspects of our environment.}}</ref> Fiye da kashi daya bisa uku na mutuwar ciwon daji a duk duniya (kuma kusan kashi 75-80 a cikin Amurka) ana kuma iya kaucewa ta hanyar rage fallasa ga abubuwan da aka sani.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Doll R, Peto R|title=The causes of cancer: quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today|journal=Journal of the National Cancer Institute|volume=66|issue=6|pages=1191–308|date=June 1981|pmid=7017215|doi=10.1093/jnci/66.6.1192}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Whiteman|first1=David C.|last2=Wilson|first2=Louise F.|date=October 2016|title=The fractions of cancer attributable to modifiable factors: A global review|journal=Cancer Epidemiology|volume=44|pages=203–221|doi=10.1016/j.canep.2016.06.013|issn=1877-783X|pmid=27460784}}</ref> Abubuwan muhalli na yau da kullun wadanda ke ba da gudummawa ga mutuwar kansa sun hada da fallasa ga sinadarai daban-daban da wakilai na jiki (amfani da taba yana da [[Lissafi|lissafin]] 25-30% na mutuwar cutar kansa), gurbataccen muhalli, abinci da kiba (30-35%), cututtuka (15-20%), da kuma radiation (duka ionizing da rashin ionizing, har zuwa 10%).<ref name="Enviro20082"/> Wadannan abubuwan suna aiki, aqalla wani bangare, ta hanyar canza aikin kwayoyin halitta a cikin sel.<ref name="WCR2014Bio2">{{cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014.|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-9283204299|pages=Chapter 1.1}}</ref> Yawanci yawancin irin waɗannan canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta ana buƙatar kafin ciwon daji ya taso.<ref name="WCR2014Bio2" /> An yi ta maimaita tsufa kuma akai-akai a matsayin muhimmin al'amari da za a yi la'akari da shi lokacin da ake kimanta abubuwan hadari don ci gaban ciwon daji na musamman. Yawancin canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta da na salula wadanda ke da hannu wajen hadaka ciwon daji suna taruwa yayin tsarin tsufa kuma a karshe suna bayyana kamar ciwon daji.<ref name="WHO20142">{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/|title=Cancer Fact sheet N°297|date=February 2014|website=World Health Organization|access-date=10 June 2014}}</ref> == Genetics == [[File:Familial_Adenomatous_Polyposes_colon_-2.jpg|thumb| Polyps masu yawa a cikin hanjin mutum tare da adenomatous polyposis na iyali]] Ko da yake akwai fiye da 50 nau'in ciwon daji da za a iya gane su, ƙasa da 0.3% na yawan jama'a sune masu dauke da maye gurbi mai alaka da cutar kansa kuma wadannan ba su wuce 3-10% na duk cututtukan daji ba.<ref name="Expert092"/> Mafi yawan ciwon daji ba na gado bane ("ciwon daji na lokaci-lokaci"). Ciwon daji na gado yana haifar da asali ne ta hanyar lahani na gado. Ciwon daji ko ciwon daji na iyali cuta ce ta kwayoyin halitta wanda gadadden maye gurbi a cikin daya ko fiye da kwayoyin halitta ke sa wadanda abin ya shafa su kamu da cutar kansa kuma yana iya haifar da farkon farkon wadannan cututtukan. Ko da yake ciwon daji yana nuna hasarin ciwon daji, hadarin ya bambanta. Ga wasu daga cikin wadannan cututtuka, ciwon daji ba shine farkon sifa ba kuma ba kasafai ake samun sakamako ba. Yawancin cututtukan ciwon daji suna haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin cuta masu hana ɗari wadanda ke daidaita hadakar kwayoyin cuta. Sauran maye gurbi na yau da kullun suna canza aikin kwayoyin halittar DNA, oncogenes da kwayoyin halittar da ke da hannu wajen samar da hanyoyin jini .<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Hodgson S|title=Mechanisms of inherited cancer susceptibility|journal=Journal of Zhejiang University Science B|volume=9|issue=1|pages=1–4|date=January 2008|pmid=18196605|pmc=2170461|doi=10.1631/jzus.B073001}}</ref> Wasu maye gurbi da aka gada a cikin kwayoyin halittar ''BRCA1'' da ''BRCA2'' tare da fiye da kashi 75 cikin dari na hadarin [[Breast cancer|kansar nono]] da kansar kwai .<ref name="Expert092"/> Wasu daga cikin cututtukan da aka gada wadanda ke haifar da [[Ciwon daji mai launi|ciwon daji na launin]] fata sun hada da familial adenomatous polyposis da na gado maras polyposis colon cancer ; duk da haka, wadannan suna wakiltar kasa da kashi 5% na cututtukan daji na hanji.<ref name="WHO_20142">{{Cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|publisher=World Health Organization|year=2014|isbn=978-9283204299|pages=Chapter 5.5}}</ref> A lokuta da yawa, ana iya amfani da gwajin kwayoyin halitta don gano maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes da ke wucewa ta cikin tsararraki. Halin maye gurbi ana rarraba su azaman ''germline'' ko ''somatic'' dangane da nau'in tantanin halitta inda suke bayyana ( kwayoyin kwayoyin cuta sun hada da kwai da maniyyi da kwayoyin somatic su ne wadanda ke samar da jiki). Ana kuma aiwatar da maye gurbin kwayoyin cuta ta cikin tsararraki kuma suna kara hadarin cutar kansa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2019}} === Ciwon daji === * Ataxia telangiectasia * Bloom ciwo * BRCA1 & BRCA2 * Fanconi anemia * Familial adenomatous polyposis * Gadon nono da ciwon daji na kwai * Gadon ciwon daji mara polyposis * Li-Fraumeni ciwo * Basal cell carcinoma ciwo * Von Hippel-Lindau cuta * Werner ciwo * Xeroderma pigmentosum == Ma'aikatan jiki da sunadarai == Musamman abubuwa, da aka sani da carcinogens, an danganta su da takamaiman nau'in ciwon daji. Misalai na yau da kullun na carcinogens marasa radiyo ana shakar asbestos, wasu dioxins, da hayakin taba. Ko da yake jama'a gabadaya suna danganta cutar sankarau da sinadarai na roba, yana iya yiwuwa ya taso a cikin abubuwan halitta da na roba.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2000-01-17|title=Paracelsus to parascience: the environmental cancer distraction|journal=Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis|language=en|volume=447|issue=1|pages=3–13|doi=10.1016/S0027-5107(99)00194-3|pmid=10686303|issn=0027-5107|last1=Ames|first1=Bruce N.|last2=Gold|first2=Lois Swirsky}}</ref> An kiyasta cewa kusan mutuwar cutar kansa 20,000 da sabbin cututtukan daji 40,000 kowace shekara a Amurka suna da alaqa da zama.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/cancer/|title=National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health- Occupational Cancer|publisher=United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|access-date=13 October 2007}}</ref> A kowace shekara, aƙalla mutane 200,000 ne ke mutuwa a duniya sakamakon cutar kansa da ke da alaqa da wuraren aikinsu. <ref name="WHO_occup">{{Cite press release}}</ref> Miliyoyin ma'aikata suna fuskantar barazanar kamuwa da cutar kansa kamar su kansar huhu da mesothelioma daga shakar asbestos fibers da hayakin taba, ko cutar sankarar bargo daga kamuwa da benzene a wuraren aikinsu.<ref name="WHO_occup" /> An yi imanin ciwon daji da ke da alaƙa da sana'ar mutum yana wakiltar tsakanin 2-20% na duk lokuta.<ref name="pmid180551602">{{cite journal|vauthors=Irigaray P, Newby JA, Clapp R, Hardell L, Howard V, Montagnier L, Epstein S, Belpomme D|title=Lifestyle-related factors and environmental agents causing cancer: an overview|journal=Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy|volume=61|issue=10|pages=640–58|date=December 2007|pmid=18055160|doi=10.1016/j.biopha.2007.10.006}}</ref> Yawancin mutuwar kansar da ke haifar da hadarin sana'a na faruwa a cikin ƙasashen da suka ci gaba. <ref name="WHO_occup" /> Damuwar aiki baya zama wani abu mai mahimmanci akalla a cikin huhu, launin fata, nono da kuma prostate cancer. Shiga Operation Ranchhand a [[Vietnam]] a lokacin yakin Vietnam, ko zama kusa da filin wasan golf, ko zama a gona zai kara haɗarin ƙwayoyin lymphoma wadanda ba Hodgkins ba saboda fallasa ga sinadaran 2,4-D. Lokacin da aka haxa 2,4-D tare da wani magungunan kashe qwari ko herbicide, 2,4-T, a wani rabo na 50:50, an san su tare da Agent Orange. === Shan taba === [[File:Share-of-cancer-deaths-attributed-to-tobacco.png|thumb| Rabon mutuwar ciwon daji da aka danganta da taba a cikin 2016. <ref>{{cite web|title=Share of cancer deaths attributed to tobacco|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-cancer-deaths-attributed-to-tobacco|website=Our World in Data|access-date=5 March 2020}}</ref>]] [[File:Cancer_smoking_lung_cancer_correlation_from_NIH.svg|right|thumb| Yawan [[Ciwon huhun daji|cutar kansar huhu]] yana da alaƙa sosai da shan taba .]] Shan taba yana da alaqa da nau'ikan ciwon daji da yawa,<ref name="Sasco2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Sasco AJ, Secretan MB, Straif K|title=Tobacco smoking and cancer: a brief review of recent epidemiological evidence|journal=Lung Cancer|volume=45 Suppl 2|pages=S3–9|date=August 2004|pmid=15552776|doi=10.1016/j.lungcan.2004.07.998}}</ref> kuma yana haifar da 80% na [[Ciwon huhun daji|kansar huhu]] .<ref name="pmid95949192">{{cite journal|vauthors=Biesalski HK, Bueno de Mesquita B, Chesson A, Chytil F, Grimble R, Hermus RJ, Köhrle J, Lotan R, Norpoth K, Pastorino U, Thurnham D|title=European Consensus Statement on Lung Cancer: risk factors and prevention. Lung Cancer Panel|journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians|volume=48|issue=3|pages=167–76; discussion 164–6|year=1998|pmid=9594919|doi=10.3322/canjclin.48.3.167|s2cid=20891885|doi-access=free}}</ref> Shekaru da yawa na bincike ya nuna alakar da ke tsakanin shan taba da ciwon daji a cikin huhu, makogwaro, kai, wuya, ciki, mafitsara, koda, esophagus da pancreas.<ref name="pmid122700012">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kuper H, Boffetta P, Adami HO|title=Tobacco use and cancer causation: association by tumour type|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|volume=252|issue=3|pages=206–24|date=September 2002|pmid=12270001|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2796.2002.01022.x|s2cid=6132726}}</ref> Akwai wasu shaidun da ke nuna ƙaramar hadarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar jini ta myeloid, squamous cell sinonasal cancer, ciwon hanta, ciwon daji, ciwon daji na gallbladder, glandar adrenal, kananan hanji, da cututtuka na yara daban-daban.<ref name="pmid122700012" /> Hayakin taba ya kunshi fiye da hamsin sanannun ƙwayoyin cuta, gami da nitrosamines da polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . <ref name="Kuper">{{Cite journal}}</ref> Taba yana da alhakin kusan daya cikin uku na duk mutuwar ciwon daji a cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba,<ref name="Sasco2" /> kuma kusan ɗaya cikin biyar a duniya.<ref name="Kuper" /> Yawan mutuwar cutar kansar huhu a Amurka ya yi kama da tsarin shan taba, tare da karuwar shan taba tare da karuwa mai ban mamaki a cikin adadin mutuwar cutar kansar huhu kuma, kwanan nan, raguwar yawan shan taba tun shekarun 1950 ya biyo bayan raguwar mutuwar cutar kansar huhu a cikin maza tun 1990.<ref name="pmid169981612">{{cite journal|vauthors=Thun MJ, Jemal A|title=How much of the decrease in cancer death rates in the United States is attributable to reductions in tobacco smoking?|journal=Tobacco Control|volume=15|issue=5|pages=345–7|date=October 2006|pmid=16998161|pmc=2563648|doi=10.1136/tc.2006.017749}}</ref><ref name="pmid184343332">{{cite journal|vauthors=Dubey S, Powell CA|title=Update in lung cancer 2007|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=177|issue=9|pages=941–6|date=May 2008|pmid=18434333|pmc=2720127|doi=10.1164/rccm.200801-107UP}}</ref> Duk da haka, adadin masu shan taba a duniya yana karuwa, wanda ya haifar da abin da wasu kungiyoyi suka bayyana a matsayin ''cutar ta taba'' .<ref name="pmid152175372">{{cite journal|vauthors=Proctor RN|title=The global smoking epidemic: a history and status report|journal=Clinical Lung Cancer|volume=5|issue=6|pages=371–6|date=May 2004|pmid=15217537|doi=10.3816/CLC.2004.n.016}}</ref> Sigari na lantarki ko e-cigare na'urorin lantarki ne na hannu wadanda ke kwaikwayi jin shan taba. Yin amfani da dogon lokaci na yau da kullun na babban karfin lantarki (5.0V) sigari na lantarki na iya haifar da sinadarai masu kirkirar formaldehyde a mafi girman matakin fiye da shan taba, wanda aka kaddara zai zama haɗarin kansa na rayuwa na kusan sau 5 zuwa 15 fiye da shan taba.<ref name="Cooke20152">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cooke A, Fergeson J, Bulkhi A, Casale TB|title=The Electronic Cigarette: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly|journal=The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. In Practice|volume=3|issue=4|pages=498–505|year=2015|pmid=26164573|doi=10.1016/j.jaip.2015.05.022}}</ref> Koyaya, gabaɗayan aminci da tasirin lafiyar sigari na dogon lokaci har yanzu ba a tabbata ba.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ebbert|first1=Jon O.|last2=Agunwamba|first2=Amenah A.|last3=Rutten|first3=Lila J.|date=January 2015|title=Counseling patients on the use of electronic cigarettes|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|volume=90|issue=1|pages=128–134|doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.11.004|issn=1942-5546|pmid=25572196|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Kayayyaki === [[File:Carcinoma_asbestos_body_lung.jpg|thumb| Jikin asbestos a cikin zamewar cytological]] Wasu abubuwa suna haifar da ciwon daji da farko ta hanyar jiki, maimakon sinadarai, illa ga sel.<ref name="Maltoni32">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20770/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Maltoni CF, Holland JF|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=Chapter 16: Physical Carcinogens|access-date=31 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Babban misali na wannan shine tsawaita bayyanar da asbestos, filayen ma'adinai da ke faruwa a zahiri wadanda sune babban dalilin mesothelioma, wanda shine ciwon daji na membrane serous, yawanci serous membrane kewaye da huhu.<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Sauran abubuwa a cikin wannan nau'in, ciki har da abubuwan da ke faruwa na halitta da kuma kayan aikin asbestos na roba kamar su wollastonite, attapulgite, gilashin ulu, da ulun dutse, an yi imanin suna da irin wannan tasiri.<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Abubuwan da ba su da fibrous wanda ke haifar da ciwon daji sun haɗa da cobalt na karfe da nickel, da silica crystalline ( quartz, cristobalite, da tridymite ).<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Yawancin lokaci, carcinogens na jiki dole ne su shiga cikin jiki (kamar ta hanyar shakar kananan guntu) kuma suna bukatar tsawon shekaru don hadaka ciwon daji.<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Kwayoyin cutar sankara na sana'a sun haɗa da:<ref>{{Cite book|title=Robbins basic pathology|date=2007|publisher=Saunders/Elsevier|others=Kumar, Vinay, 1944-, Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard), 1915-2003.|isbn=978-1416029731|edition=8th|location=Philadelphia, PA|pages=Table 6–2|oclc=69672074}}</ref> * arsenic * asbestos * benzene * beryllium * cadmium * chromium * ethylene oxide * nickel * Plutonium == salon rayuwa == Yawancin abubuwan rayuwa daban-daban suna ba da gudummawa ga hadaka hadarin kansa. Tare, abinci da [[kiba]] suna da alaqa da kusan 30-35% na mutuwar ciwon daji. <ref name="Enviro20082"/><ref name="Nutri06">{{Cite journal}}</ref>Shawarwari na abinci don rigakafin ciwon daji yawanci sun hada da girmamawa ga kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itace, hatsi gabadaya, da kifi, da kuma nisantar nama da aka sarrafa, jan nama, kitsen dabba, da ingantaccen carbohydrates.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Kushi LH, Doyle C, McCullough M, Rock CL, Demark-Wahnefried W, Bandera EV, Gapstur S, Patel AV, Andrews K, Gansler T|title=American Cancer Society Guidelines on nutrition and physical activity for cancer prevention: reducing the risk of cancer with healthy food choices and physical activity|journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians|volume=62|issue=1|pages=30–67|date=January 2012|pmid=22237782|doi=10.3322/caac.20140|s2cid=2067308|doi-access=free}}</ref> Shaidar don tallafawa wadannan canje-canjen abinci ba tabbatacce ba ne.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Wicki A, Hagmann J|title=Diet and cancer|journal=Swiss Medical Weekly|volume=141|pages=w13250|doi=10.4414/smw.2011.13250|pmid=21904992|year=2011|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Barasa === [[File:Cirrosi_micronodular.1427.jpg|thumb| Lalacewa ta yau da kullun saboda shan barasa na iya haifar da hanta cirrhosis (hoton da ke sama) da hadakar cutar sankarar hanta, nau'in ciwon hanta.]] Barasa misali ne na sinadari na carcinogen. Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta ware barasa a matsayin rukuni na 1 carcinogen .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/pr/2009/pdfs/pr196_E.pdf|title=IARC: IARC Strengthens its Findings on Several Carcinogenic Personal Habits and Household Exposures|date=2009|work=International Agency for Research on Cancer - World Health Organization}}</ref> A Yammacin Turai kashi 10% na ciwon daji na maza da kashi 3% na ciwon daji na mata ana danganta su da barasa.<ref name="pmid214745252">{{cite journal|vauthors=Schütze M, Boeing H, Pischon T, Rehm J, Kehoe T, Gmel G, Olsen A, Tjønneland AM, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Clavel-Chapelon F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Trichopoulou A, Benetou V, Zylis D, Kaaks R, Rohrmann S, Palli D, Berrino F, Tumino R, Vineis P, Rodríguez L, Agudo A, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Peeters PH, van Gils CH, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Allen NE, Key TJ, Boffetta P, Slimani N, Jenab M, Romaguera D, Wark PA, Riboli E, Bergmann MM|display-authors=6|title=Alcohol attributable burden of incidence of cancer in eight European countries based on results from prospective cohort study|journal=BMJ|volume=342|pages=d1584|date=April 2011|pmid=21474525|pmc=3072472|doi=10.1136/bmj.d1584}}</ref> A duk duniya, kashi 3.6% na duk cututtukan daji da kashi 3.5% na mutuwar ciwon daji ana danganta su da barasa.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Boffetta|date=August 2006|title=The burden of cancer attributable to alcohol drinking|journal=International Journal of Cancer|volume=119|issue=4|pages=884–7|doi=10.1002/ijc.21903|pmid=16557583|hdl=2434/22728|s2cid=14938863|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Musamman, an nuna amfani da barasa yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon daji na baki, esophagus, pharynx, larynx, ciki, hanta, ovaries, da hanji. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh25-4/263-270.htm|title=Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Cancer|website=pubs.niaaa.nih.gov|language=en|access-date=2018-03-22|archive-date=2018-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221200307/https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh25-4/263-270.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Babban tsarin ci gaban ciwon daji ya hada da kara yawan bayyanar da acetaldehyde, carcinogen da rushewar samfurin ethanol.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Theruvathu JA, Jaruga P, Nath RG, Dizdaroglu M, Brooks PJ|title=Polyamines stimulate the formation of mutagenic 1,N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts from acetaldehyde|journal=Nucleic Acids Research|volume=33|issue=11|pages=3513–20|date=2005|pmid=15972793|pmc=1156964|doi=10.1093/nar/gki661}}</ref> An ba da shawarar wasu hanyoyin, ciki har da [[Rashin abinci mai gina jiki|ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki]] da ke da alaƙa da barasa, canje-canje a cikin DNA methylation, da shigar da damuwa na oxidative a cikin kyallen takarda.<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Poschl G|date=May 2004|title=Alcohol and Cancer|journal=Alcohol and Alcoholism|volume=39|issue=3|pages=155–165|doi=10.1093/alcalc/agh057|pmid=15082451|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Abinci === An danganta wasu takamaiman abinci da takamaiman cututtukan daji. Bincike ya nuna cewa mutanen da ke cin ja ko naman da aka sarrafa suna da hadarin kamuwa da cutar kansar nono, ciwon prostate, da kansar pancreatic.<ref>{{Cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|last=Stewart|first=Bernard|name-list-style=vanc|publisher=World Health Organization|year=2014|isbn=9789283204299|pages=124–33}}</ref> Ana iya bayyana wannan a wani bangare ta kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta na carcinogen a cikin abincin da aka dafa a yanayin zafi.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Lynnette R.|last=Ferguson|name-list-style=vanc|date=February 2010|title=Meat and cancer|journal=Meat Science|volume=84|issue=2|pages=308–313|doi=10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.06.032|pmid=20374790}}</ref> Abubuwan haɗari da yawa don haɓakar ciwon daji na launi sun haɗa da yawan cin mai, barasa, ja da naman da aka sarrafa, kiba, da rashin motsa jiki.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2011|title=Colorectal Cancer 2011 Report: Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer|url=https://www.wcrf.org/sites/default/files/Colorectal-Cancer-2011-Report.pdf|journal=World Cancer Research Fund & American Institute for Cancer Research|access-date=2018-03-22|archive-date=2019-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190522192942/https://www.wcrf.org/sites/default/files/Colorectal-Cancer-2011-Report.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Abincin [[gishiri]] mai yawa yana da alaqa da ciwon daji na ciki. Aflatoxin B1, gurɓataccen abinci akai-akai, yana da alaƙa da ciwon hanta. An nuna taunan goro na haifar da ciwon daji na baki.<ref name="pmid189900052">{{cite journal|vauthors=Park S, Bae J, Nam BH, Yoo KY|title=Aetiology of cancer in Asia|journal=Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention|volume=9|issue=3|pages=371–80|year=2008|pmid=18990005|url=http://www.apocpcontrol.org/page/popup_paper_file_view.php?pno=MzcxIFBhcmsucCZrY29kZT04MjI=&pgubun=i|format=PDF|access-date=2014-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904052252/http://www.apocpcontrol.org/page/popup_paper_file_view.php?pno=MzcxIFBhcmsucCZrY29kZT04MjI=&pgubun=i|archive-date=2011-09-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dangantakar da ke tsakanin abinci da ci gaban wasu cututtukan daji na iya yin bayanin bambance-bambance a cikin kamuwa da cutar kansa a kasashe daban-daban. Misali, ciwon daji na ciki ya fi zama ruwan dare a [[Japan]] saboda yawan cin abinci mai yawan gishiri da kuma ciwon daji na hanji ya zama ruwan dare a Amurka saboda yawan cin naman da aka sarrafa da kuma jan nama.<ref name="pmid191074492">{{cite book|vauthors=Brenner H, Rothenbacher D, Arndt V|chapter=Epidemiology of stomach cancer|volume=472|pages=467–77|year=2009|pmid=19107449|doi=10.1007/978-1-60327-492-0_23|isbn=978-1-60327-491-3|series=Methods in Molecular Biology|pmc=2166976|title=Cancer Epidemiology}}</ref> Al'ummomin bakin haure sun kasance suna hadaka yanayin haɗarin cutar kansa na sabuwar kasarsu, galibi a cikin tsararraki ɗaya zuwa biyu, suna ba da shawarar alaƙa mai mahimmanci tsakanin abinci da kansa.<ref name="pmid142788992">{{cite journal|vauthors=Buell P, Dunn JE|title=Cancer Mortality among Japanese Issei and Nisei of California|journal=Cancer|volume=18|issue=5|pages=656–64|date=May 1965|pmid=14278899|doi=10.1002/1097-0142(196505)18:5<656::AID-CNCR2820180515>3.0.CO;2-3|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Parkin|first1=D. M.|last2=Khlat|first2=M.|date=May 1996|title=Studies of cancer in migrants: rationale and methodology|journal=European Journal of Cancer|volume=32A|issue=5|pages=761–771|issn=0959-8049|pmid=9081351|doi=10.1016/0959-8049(96)00062-7}}</ref> === Kiba === {| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left:15px; text-align:center" |+Ciwon daji masu alaka da kiba !Maza ! Mata |- | [[Ciwon daji mai launi]] | [[Ciwon daji mai launi]] |- | Esophageal adenocarcinoma | Ciwon daji na Endometrial |- | Ciwon daji na koda | Esophageal adenocarcinoma |- | Ciwon daji na Pancreatic | Gallbladder cancer |- | Ciwon daji na thyroid | Ciwon daji na koda |- | | Ciwon daji na Pancreatic |- | | [[Breast cancer|Ciwon nono bayan menopause]] |} A cikin Amurka, yawan nauyin jiki yana da alaqa da hadakar nau'in ciwon daji da yawa kuma shine kashi 14-20% na mutuwar ciwon daji. Kowace shekara, kusan sabbin cututtukan daji 85,000 a Amurka suna da alaƙa da kiba.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011">{{Cite journal}}</ref> Mutanen da aka yi wa tiyatar bariatric don asarar nauyi sun rage kamuwa da cutar kansa da mace-mace.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011" /> Akwai dangantaka tsakanin kiba da ciwon hanji, ciwon nono bayan al'ada, ciwon daji na endometrial, ciwon koda, da ciwon daji na esophageal.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011">{{Cite journal}}</ref> An kuma danganta kiba da kamuwa da cutar sankarar hanta.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Alzahrani B, Iseli TJ, Hebbard LW|title=Non-viral causes of liver cancer: does obesity led inflammation play a role?|journal=Cancer Letters|volume=345|issue=2|pages=223–9|date=April 2014|pmid=24007864|doi=10.1016/j.canlet.2013.08.036}}</ref> Fahimtar yanzu game da tsarin ci gaban ciwon daji a cikin kiba yana da alaƙa da karancin matakan furotin na rayuwa (ciki har da abubuwan hadakar insulin-kamar abubuwan habakawa) da hormones na jima'i ( estrogens, androgens da progestogens ). <ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011" /> Nama na adipose kuma yana haifar da yanayi mai kumburi wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen bunkasa ciwon daji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Gilbert CA, Slingerland JM|title=Cytokines, obesity, and cancer: new insights on mechanisms linking obesity to cancer risk and progression|journal=Annual Review of Medicine|volume=64|issue=1|pages=45–57|date=2013-01-14|pmid=23121183|doi=10.1146/annurev-med-121211-091527}}</ref> An yi imanin rashin aiki na jiki yana ba da gudummawa ga hadarin ciwon daji ba kawai ta hanyar tasirinsa akan nauyin jiki ba har ma ta hanyar mummunan tasiri akan tsarin rigakafi da tsarin endocrine . Fiye da rabin sakamako daga abinci shine saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki maimakon cin abinci mai kyau.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011">{{Cite journal}}</ref> == Hormones == [[File:Breast_cancer_gross_appearance.jpg|thumb| Siffar macroscopic na ciwon daji na ductal carcinoma na nono. Ciwon daji shine kodadde, taro mai siffa mai kaguwa a tsakiya, kewaye da nama mai kitse na al'ada, rawaya.]] Wasu hormones suna taka rawa wajen haɓakar ciwon daji ta hanyar haɓaka yaduwar kwayar halitta .<ref name="Henderson2"/> Abubuwan haɓaka masu kama da insulin da sunadaran da ke ɗaure su suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin haɓakar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, bambance-bambance da apoptosis, suna nuna yiwuwar shiga cikin carcinogenesis.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Rowlands MA, Gunnell D, Harris R, Vatten LJ, Holly JM, Martin RM|title=Circulating insulin-like growth factor peptides and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis|journal=International Journal of Cancer|volume=124|issue=10|pages=2416–29|date=May 2009|pmid=19142965|pmc=2743036|doi=10.1002/ijc.24202}}</ref> Hormones sune mahimman abubuwa a cikin cututtukan daji masu alaƙa da jima'i kamar kansar nono, endometrium, prostate, ovary, da testis, da kuma ciwon daji na thyroid da kansar kashi .<ref name="Henderson2"/> Misali, 'ya'yan mata masu fama da ciwon nono suna da adadin isrogen da progesterone da yawa fiye da 'yan matan mata masu ciwon nono. Wadannan matakan hormone masu girma na iya yin bayanin dalilin da yasa wadannan mata ke da hadarin kamuwa da cutar kansar nono, ko da idan babu kwayar cutar kansar nono.<ref name="Henderson2" /> Hakazalika, mazan zuriyar Afirka suna da matakan testosterone mafi girma fiye da mazan zuriyar Turai, kuma suna da daidai da matakin [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar kansar prostate]] .<ref name="Henderson2" /> Maza na asalin Asiya, tare da kananan matakan testosterone-activating androstanediol glucuronide, suna da kananan matakan ciwon daji na prostate.<ref name="Henderson2" /> Sauran abubuwan kuma sun dace: mutane masu kiba suna da matakan girma na wasu hormones masu alaqa da ciwon daji da kuma mafi girman adadin wadannan cututtukan.<ref name="Henderson2">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20759/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Henderson BE, Bernstein L, Ross RK|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=Chapter 13: Hormones and the Etiology of Cancer|access-date=27 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Matan da suke shan maganin maye gurbin hormone suna da hadari mafi girma na tasowa ciwon daji da ke hade da waɗannan hormones.<ref name="Henderson2" /> A gefe guda kuma, mutanen da ke motsa jiki fiye da matsakaici suna da ƙananan matakan wadannan hormones, kuma ƙananan haɗarin ciwon daji.<ref name="Henderson2" /> Osteosarcoma na iya haɓaka ta hanyar hormones girma .<ref name="Henderson2" /> Wasu jiyya da hanyoyin rigakafin suna yin amfani da wannan dalili ta hanyar rage matakan hormone ta hanyar wucin gadi, kuma don haka yana hana cututtukan daji masu saurin kamuwa da hormone. Saboda hormones na steroids suna da karfi masu haifar da bayyanar cututtuka a cikin wasu kwayoyin cutar kansa, canza matakan ko aiki na wasu kwayoyin halitta na iya haifar da wasu ciwon daji su daina girma ko kuma su fuskanci mutuwar kwayar halitta.<ref name="Henderson2"/> Watakila mafi yawan sanannun misali na maganin hormonal a cikin ilimin oncology shine amfani da zabi na estrogen-receptor modulator tamoxifen don maganin ciwon nono. Wani nau'i na ma'aikatan hormonal, masu hana aromatase, yanzu suna da rawar fadadawa a cikin maganin ciwon nono. == Kamuwa da kumburi == A duk duniya, kusan kashi 18% na cututtukan daji suna da alaƙa da cututtuka masu yaduwa .<ref name="Enviro20082">{{cite journal|vauthors=Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Kunnumakara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Tharakan ST, Lai OS, Sung B, Aggarwal BB|date=September 2008|title=Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes|journal=Pharmaceutical Research|volume=25|issue=9|pages=2097–116|doi=10.1007/s11095-008-9661-9|pmc=2515569|pmid=18626751}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=2012-06-01|first2=Jacques|last7=Plummer|first6=David|last6=Forman|first5=Freddie|last5=Bray|first4=Jérôme|last4=Vignat|first3=Silvia|last3=Franceschi|last2=Ferlay|title=Global burden of cancers attributable to infections in 2008: a review and synthetic analysis|first1=Catherine|last1=De Martel|issn=1470-2045|pmid=22575588|doi=10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70137-7|pages=607–615|issue=6|volume=13|language=en|journal=The Lancet Oncology|first7=Martyn}}</ref> Wannan rabo ya bambanta a yankuna daban-daban na duniya daga babban kashi 25% a Afirka zuwa kasa da 10% a cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba.<ref name="Enviro20082" /> Kwayoyin cuta sune cututtuka na yau da kullun waɗanda ke haifar da ciwon daji amma kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta suma suna taimakawa. Kwayoyin cututtuka waɗanda ke ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji akai-akai sune tushen lalacewar DNA ko rashin zaman lafiyar kwayoyin halitta. [[File:HPV_causing_cervical_cancer.jpg|thumb| HPV ita ce kwayar cutar da aka fi sani da ke cutar da tsarin haihuwa. Kamuwa da cuta na iya haifar da ci gaban cutar kansar mahaifa a cikin mata.]] Kamuwa da cuta shine babban haɗari ga cutar sankarar mahaifa da hanta.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=De Paoli P, Carbone A|title=Carcinogenic viruses and solid cancers without sufficient evidence of causal association|journal=International Journal of Cancer|volume=133|issue=7|pages=1517–29|date=October 2013|pmid=23280523|doi=10.1002/ijc.27995|s2cid=38402898}}</ref> Kwayar cutar da ke haifar da ciwon daji ana kiranta ''oncovirus'' . Wadannan sun hada da papillomavirus ɗan adam ( [[Ciwon daji na mahaifa|ciwon mahaifa]] ), cutar Epstein-Barr ( cututtukan lymphoproliferative B-cell da nasopharyngeal carcinoma ), Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus ( Kaposi's sarcoma da primary effusion lymphomas ), [[hepatitis B]] da [[hepatitis C]] ƙwayoyin cuta ( hepatocellular carcinoma ), da Human T. Kwayar cutar sankarar bargo-1 (T-cell leukemias). A kasashen da suka ci gaba na Yamma, cutar papillomavirus (HPV) da cutar hanta ta B (HBV) da kuma cutar hanta ta C (HCV) su ne [[Kanjamau|cutar kanjamau]].<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Kunnumakara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Tharakan ST, Lai OS, Sung B, Aggarwal BB|title=Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes|journal=Pharmaceutical Research|volume=25|issue=9|pages=2097–116|date=September 2008|pmid=18626751|pmc=2515569|doi=10.1007/s11095-008-9661-9}}</ref> A Amurka, HPV yana haifar da mafi yawan ciwon daji na mahaifa, da kuma wasu ciwon daji na farji, farji, azzakari, dubura, dubura, makogwaro, harshe da tonsils.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/index.htm|title=Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Cancer|date=January 2, 2018|website=CDC|access-date=March 22, 2018}}</ref> Daga cikin kwayoyin cuta na HPV masu haɗari, HPV E6 da E7 oncoproteins suna hana ƙwayoyin kwayoyin cuta suppressor lokacin kamuwa da kwayoyin cuta. Bugu da ƙari, oncoproteins da kansa suna haifar da rashin zaman lafiyar kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayoyin halitta na al'ada, wanda ke haifar da haɗarin ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Münger K, Baldwin A, Edwards KM, Hayakawa H, Nguyen CL, Owens M, Grace M, Huh K|title=Mechanisms of human papillomavirus-induced oncogenesis|journal=Journal of Virology|volume=78|issue=21|pages=11451–60|date=November 2004|pmid=15479788|pmc=523272|doi=10.1128/JVI.78.21.11451-11460.2004}}</ref> Mutanen da ke da ciwon hanta na ciwon hanta B sun fi sau 200 suna iya kamuwa da cutar kansar hanta fiye da waɗanda ba su kamu da cutar ba.<ref name="Sung_20002">{{cite book|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20828/|title=Hepatitis Viruses|last1=Sung|first1=Max W.|last2=Thung|first2=Swan N.|last3=Acs|first3=George|name-list-style=vanc|date=2000|publisher=BC Decker}}</ref> [[Cirrhosis|Ciwon hanta]], ko daga kamuwa da cutar ciwon hanta na kullum ko kuma cin zarafi na barasa, yana da alaƙa da kansa tare da ci gaban ciwon hanta, amma haɗuwa da cirrhosis da ciwon hanta na ƙwayar cuta yana nuna mafi girman hadarin ciwon hanta.<ref name="Sung_20002" /> === Bacteria da parasites === [[File:Schistosoma_bladder_histopathology.jpeg|thumb| Histopathology na ''Schistosoma haematobium'' qwai a cikin rufin mafitsara.]] Wasu cututtuka na kwayoyin cuta kuma suna ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin Helicobacter pylori wanda ya haifar da ciwon ciki .<ref name="Viral042">{{cite journal|vauthors=Pagano JS, Blaser M, Buendia MA, Damania B, Khalili K, Raab-Traub N, Roizman B|title=Infectious agents and cancer: criteria for a causal relation|journal=Seminars in Cancer Biology|volume=14|issue=6|pages=453–71|date=December 2004|pmid=15489139|doi=10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.06.009|author-link2=Martin J. Blaser}}</ref> Hanyar da ''H. pylori'' ke haifar da ciwon daji na iya haɗawa da kumburi na yau da kullum ko aikin kai tsaye na wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta .<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hatakeyama|first=Masanori|date=9 December 2005|title=Helicobacter pylori CagA: a new paradigm for bacterial carcinogenesis|journal=Cancer Science|volume=96|issue=12|pages=835–843|doi=10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00130.x|pmid=16367902|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kwayoyin cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da ciwon daji sun haɗa da ''Schistosoma haematobium'' ( squamous cell carcinoma na mafitsara ) da kuma hanta flukes, ''Opisthorchis viverrini'' da ''Clonorchis sinensis'' ( cholangiocarcinoma ).<ref name="pmid205390592">{{cite journal|vauthors=Samaras V, Rafailidis PI, Mourtzoukou EG, Peppas G, Falagas ME|title=Chronic bacterial and parasitic infections and cancer: a review|journal=Journal of Infection in Developing Countries|volume=4|issue=5|pages=267–81|date=June 2010|pmid=20539059|doi=10.3855/jidc.819|url=http://www.jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/download/20539059/387|format=PDF|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kumburi da ƙwan tsutsa ke haifarwa ya bayyana shine hanyar da ke haifar da ciwon daji. Wasu cututtukan cututtuka na parasitic kuma na iya ƙara kasancewar mahadi na carcinogenic a cikin jiki, wanda ke haifar da haɓakar ciwon daji.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20917/|title=Parasites|last=Mustacchi|first=Piero|date=2000|publisher=BC Decker|language=en}}</ref> [[Tibi|Cutar tarin fuka]], wanda mycobacterium ''M. tarin fuka'' ya haifar, an kuma danganta shi da ci gaban ciwon huhu.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Pallis AG, Syrigos KN|title=Lung cancer in never smokers: disease characteristics and risk factors|language=en|journal=Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology|volume=88|issue=3|pages=494–503|date=December 2013|pmid=23921082|doi=10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.06.011}}</ref> === Kumburi === Akwai shaidar cewa kumburi kanta yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen hadakawa da ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Taniguchi K, Karin M|date=February 2014|title=IL-6 and related cytokines as the critical lynchpins between inflammation and cancer|journal=Seminars in Immunology|volume=26|issue=1|pages=54–74|doi=10.1016/j.smim.2014.01.001|pmid=24552665}}</ref> Kumburi na yau da kullum zai iya haifar da lalacewar DNA a kan lokaci da kuma tarin sauye-sauye na kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayoyin cutar kansa.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A|title=Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability|journal=Carcinogenesis|volume=30|issue=7|pages=1073–81|date=July 2009|pmid=19468060|doi=10.1093/carcin/bgp127|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kumburi na iya taimakawa wajen yaduwa, rayuwa, angiogensis da ƙaura na kwayoyin ciwon daji ta hanyar tasiri microenvironment tumor .<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Mantovani A|title=Molecular pathways linking inflammation and cancer|journal=Current Molecular Medicine|volume=10|issue=4|pages=369–73|date=June 2010|pmid=20455855|doi=10.2174/156652410791316968}}</ref> Mutanen da ke da cututtukan hanji mai kumburi suna cikin hadarin hadaka cututtukan daji na launi.<ref name="WHO_20142"/> == Radiation == Har zuwa kashi 10 cikin 100 na cututtukan daji masu barna suna da alaqa da fallasa hasken rana, gami da duka radiation marasa ionizing da radiation ionizing .<ref name="Enviro20082"/> Ba kamar abubuwan da ke haifar da sinadarai ko jiki don ciwon daji ba, ionizing radiation yana kaiwa ga kwayoyin halitta a cikin sel ba da gangan ba. Idan ya faru ya bugi chromosome, zai iya karya chromosome, ya haifar da adadi mara kyau na chromosomes, rashin kunna ɗaya ko fiye da kwayoyin halitta a cikin bangaren chromosome da ya buga, share sassan jerin DNA, haifar da fassarar chromosome, ko haifar da chromosomes. sauran nau'ikan rashin daidaituwa na chromosome .<ref name="Little2">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20793/|title=Cancer medicine|author=Little JB|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Kufe DW, Pollock RE, Weichselbaum RR, Bast RC, Gansler TS, Holland JF, Frei E|edition=6th|location=Hamilton, Ont|chapter=Chapter 14: Ionizing Radiation}}</ref> Babban lalacewa yakan haifar da mutuwar tantanin halitta, amma ƙananan lalacewa na iya barin barga, wani ɓangaren tantanin halitta mai aiki wanda zai iya yaduwa da haɓaka zuwa kansa, musamman idan kwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu hana ƙari sun lalace ta hanyar radiation.<ref name="Little2" /> Matakai uku masu zaman kansu sun bayyana suna da hannu a cikin ƙirƙirar ciwon daji tare da radiation ionizing: sauye-sauyen yanayin halitta zuwa tantanin halitta, samun rashin mutuwa ta salula (rasa al'ada, tsarin tafiyar da rayuwa mai iyaka), da daidaitawa waɗanda ke ba da izinin samuwar kwayar cuta.<ref name="Little2" /> Ko da kwayar cutar ba ta bugi DNA kai tsaye ba, yana haifar da martani daga sel waɗanda ke ƙara yuwuwar maye gurbi a kaikaice.<ref name="Little2" /> === Radiation marasa ionizing === [[File:Squamous_cell_carcinoma_(3).jpg|thumb| Squamous cell carcinoma akan fatar hanci da ke fitowa rana.]] Ba kowane nau'in radiation na lantarki ba ne carcinogenic. Rawanin makamashi mara karfi akan bakan na'urar lantarki da suka hada da rakuman radiyo, microwaves, infrared radiation da hasken da ake iya gani ba ana tsammanin ba saboda basu da isasshen kuzari don karya haɗin sinadarai . Rashin ionizing mitar rediyo daga wayar hannu, watsa wutar lantarki, da sauran makamantansu an bayyana su a matsayin yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar sankara ta [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|Hukumar Lafiya ta]] Duniya don Bincike kan Ciwon daji . Koyaya, binciken bai sami daidaiton alaƙa tsakanin hasken wayar salula da haɗarin kansa ba.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/cellphones|title=Cell Phones and Cancer Risk - National Cancer Institute|date=2013-05-08|publisher=Cancer.gov|access-date=2013-12-15}}</ref> Hasken makamashi mai ƙarfi, gami da hasken ultraviolet (wanda yake a cikin hasken rana), hasken x-ray, da radiation na gamma, gabaɗaya carcinogenic ne, idan an karɓa cikin isassun allurai. Tsawon tsawaitawa zuwa hasken ultraviolet daga [[rana]] zai iya haifar da melanoma da sauran cututtukan fata.<ref name="Cleaver2">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20854/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Cleaver JE, Mitchell DL|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=15. Ultraviolet Radiation Carcinogenesis|access-date=31 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Yawancin cututtukan da ba su da haɗari ba su ne cututtukan [[Ciwon daji na fata|fata]] waɗanda ba melanoma ba waɗanda ba su haifar da radiation ultraviolet ba. Shaida bayyananniya ta kafa radiation ultraviolet, musamman ma matsakaicin raƙuman raguman ionizing UVB, a matsayin sanadin mafi yawan cututtukan cututtukan fata waɗanda ba melanoma ba, waɗanda sune mafi yawan nau'ikan ciwon daji a duniya.<ref name="Cleaver2" /> === Ionizing radiation === [[File:Meningioma.jpg|thumb| Sashin ketare na meningioma yana kawar da kwakwalwar da ke karkashin.]] Tushen ionizing radiation sun haɗa da hoton likita, da radon gas. Ionizing radiation ba mutagen mai karfi bane musamman.<ref name="Little2"/> Amfani da likitanci na ionizing radiation shine tushen hadakar cututtukan daji da ke haifar da radiation. Ana iya amfani da radiation ionizing don magance wasu cututtuka, amma wannan yana iya, a wasu lokuta, haifar da nau'i na biyu na ciwon daji.<ref name="Little2" /> Radiation na iya haifar da ciwon daji a mafi yawan sassan jiki, a cikin dukan dabbobi, da kuma kowane shekaru, duk da cewa radiation-induced tabarbarewar ciwace-ciwacen daji yakan dauki shekaru 10-15, kuma zai iya ɗaukar shekaru 40, ya bayyana a asibiti, kuma radiation-jawowa. cutar sankarar bargo yawanci yana buƙatar shekaru 2-10 don bayyana.<ref name="Little2" /> Radiation-induced meningiomas wani baƙon abu ne mai rikitarwa na kumburin hanji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Yamanaka R, Hayano A, Kanayama T|title=Radiation-Induced Meningiomas: An Exhaustive Review of the Literature|journal=World Neurosurgery|volume=97|pages=635–644.e8|date=January 2017|pmid=27713063|doi=10.1016/j.wneu.2016.09.094}}</ref> Wasu mutane, irin su waɗanda ke da ciwon basal cell carcinoma ko retinoblastoma, sun fi sauƙi fiye da matsakaici don bunkasa ciwon daji daga bayyanar radiation.<ref name="Little2" /> Yara da matasa suna da yuwuwar haɓaka cutar sankarar bargo da ke haifar da radiation sau biyu kamar manya; Fitar da radiation kafin haihuwa yana da tasirin sau goma.<ref name="Little2" /> Hakanan ana amfani da ionizing radiation a wasu nau'ikan hoton likita . A cikin ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu, hoton likitanci yana ba da gudummawar kusan adadin radiation ga jama'a kamar na baya-bayan nan. Dabarun magungunan nukiliya sun haɗa da allurar magungunan rediyo kai tsaye zuwa cikin jini. Maganin rediyo da gangan yana isar da allurai masu yawa na radiation zuwa ciwace-ciwacen ciwace-ciwacen da ke kewaye da shi azaman nau'in maganin cuta. An kiyasta cewa 0.4% na ciwon daji a cikin 2007 a Amurka sun kasance saboda CTs da aka yi a baya kuma wannan na iya karuwa zuwa 1.5-2% tare da ƙimar amfani da CT a wannan lokaci guda.<ref name="pmid180460312">{{cite journal|vauthors=Brenner DJ, Hall EJ|title=Computed tomography--an increasing source of radiation exposure|journal=The New England Journal of Medicine|volume=357|issue=22|pages=2277–84|date=November 2007|pmid=18046031|doi=10.1056/NEJMra072149|url=https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79492|access-date=2022-02-11|archive-date=2022-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319064738/https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79492|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bayyanar mazaunin ga radon gas yana da irin wannan haɗarin kansa kamar shan taba .<ref name="Little2"/> Ƙananan bayyanar cututtuka, kamar rayuwa kusa da tashar makamashin nukiliya, an yi imanin cewa ba su da wani tasiri ko kadan akan ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref name="Little2" /> Radiation shine tushen ciwon daji mafi karfi idan aka haɗa shi da sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar kansa, irin su radon iskar gas tare da shan taba.<ref name="Little2" /> == Dalilan da ba kasafai ba == === Dashen gabobi === [[File:Metastatic_malignant_melanoma,_heart.jpg|thumb| M melanoma metastases a cikin zuciya.]] Ci gaban ciwace-ciwacen da ake samu daga masu ba da taimako daga dashen sassan jiki yana da wuyar gaske. Babban abin da ke haifar da ciwace-ciwacen gabobi da ke da alaƙa da alama yana da cutar melanoma, wanda ba a gano shi ba a lokacin girbi na gabbai.<ref name="pmid169577172">{{cite journal|vauthors=Dingli D, Nowak MA|title=Cancer biology: infectious tumour cells|journal=Nature|volume=443|issue=7107|pages=35–6|date=September 2006|pmid=16957717|pmc=2711443|doi=10.1038/443035a|bibcode=2006Natur.443...35D}}</ref> Haka kuma an sami rahotannin sarcoma na Kaposi na faruwa bayan dasawa saboda ficewar ƙwayoyin masu ba da taimako da kwayoyin cuta suka kamu da cutar.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Barozzi P, Luppi M, Facchetti F, Mecucci C, Alù M, Sarid R, Rasini V, Ravazzini L, Rossi E, Festa S, Crescenzi B, Wolf DG, Schulz TF, Torelli G|title=Post-transplant Kaposi sarcoma originates from the seeding of donor-derived progenitors|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=9|issue=5|pages=554–61|date=May 2003|pmid=12692543|doi=10.1038/nm862|s2cid=2527251}}</ref> === Tashin hankali === Raunin jiki da ke haifar da ciwon daji ba kasafai ba ne.<ref name="Gaeta32">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20784/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Gaeta JF|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=Chapter 17: Trauma and Inflammation|access-date=27 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Da'awar cewa karya kasusuwa ya haifar da ciwon daji na kashi, alal misali, ba a taɓa tabbatar da hakan ba.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Hakazalika, ba a yarda da raunin jiki a matsayin sanadin cutar kansar mahaifa, ciwon nono, ko kansar kwakwalwa.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Ɗaya daga cikin tushen da aka yarda shine akai-akai, aikace-aikacen dogon lokaci na abubuwa masu zafi zuwa jiki. Mai yiyuwa ne konewar da ake ta yi a wani bangare na jiki, irin wadanda ake samar da su daga kangare da na’urorin dumama na kairo (masu dumin hannun gawayi), na iya haifar da cutar kansar fata, musamman ma idan akwai sinadarai masu cutar kansa.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Yawan shan shayi mai zafi mai zafi na iya haifar da ciwon daji na esophageal.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Gabaɗaya, an yi imanin cewa ciwon daji ya taso, ko kuma ana karfafa ciwon daji da ya rigaya ya kasance, a lokacin aikin gyaran raunin da ya faru, maimakon ciwon daji wanda ya haifar da ciwon kai tsaye.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Koyaya, raunin raunin da aka samu ga kyallen takarda iri ɗaya na iya haɓaka haɓakar kwayoyin sel da yawa, wanda hakan zai iya ƙara yuwuwar maye gurbi. === Watsawar uwa- tayi === A {asar Amirka, kusan mata masu juna biyu 3,500 suna fama da rashin lafiya a kowace shekara, kuma an lura da watsa cutar sankarar bargo mai tsanani, lymphoma, melanoma da carcinoma daga uwa zuwa tayin.<ref name="Tolar2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Tolar J, Neglia JP|title=Transplacental and other routes of cancer transmission between individuals|journal=Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology|volume=25|issue=6|pages=430–4|date=June 2003|pmid=12794519|doi=10.1097/00043426-200306000-00002}}</ref> Ban da cututtukan da ba kasafai ake yadawa ba da ke faruwa tare da masu juna biyu da masu ba da gudummawar gabbai kaɗan kawai, ciwon daji gabadaya ba cuta ce mai yaduwa ba . Babban dalilin wannan shine kin amincewa da ƙwayar nama wanda rashin daidaituwa na MHC ya haifar. <ref name="Tolar">{{Cite journal}}</ref> A cikin mutane da sauran kasusuwa, tsarin rigakafi yana amfani da antigens na MHC don bambanta tsakanin "kai" da "wadanda ba na kai ba" saboda wadannan antigens sun bambanta da mutum zuwa mutum. Lokacin da aka ci karo da antigens wadanda ba na kansu ba, tsarin rigakafi yana amsawa da tantanin halitta da ya dace. Irin wadannan halayen na iya karewa daga kwayar kwayar cuta ta hanyar kawar da kwayoyin da aka dasa. == Genetics == [[Fayil:Familial_Adenomatous_Polyposes_colon_-2.jpg|thumb|Polyps masu yawa a cikin hanji na mutum tare da polyposis na adenomatous na iyali]] Kodayake akwai nau'ikan gado sama da 50 na Ciwon daji, ƙasa da 0.3% na yawan jama'a suna dauke da maye gurbin kwayar halitta mai alaƙa da ciwon daji kuma waɗannan sun zama ƙasa da 3-10% na duk lokuta na ciwon kansa.[1] Yawancin cututtukan daji ba na gado ba ne ("sporadic cancer"). Ciwon daji na gado ya samo asali ne daga lahani na kwayar halitta. Cutar ciwon daji ko ciwon daji na iyali cuta ce ta kwayar halitta wacce aka gada maye gurbin kwayar halitta a cikin kwayar halitta ɗaya ko fiye da haka ke haifar da mutanen da abin ya shafa ga ci gaban ciwon daji kuma yana iya haifar da farkon farkon farkon farkon waɗannan ciwon daji. Kodayake cututtukan ciwon daji suna nuna ƙarin haɗarin ciwon daji, haɗarin ya bambanta. Ga wasu daga cikin wadannan cututtukan, ciwon daji ba shine ainihin fasalin ba kuma sakamako ne mai ban mamaki. Yawancin cututtukan cutar kansa suna haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halitta masu hana kumburi waɗanda ke sarrafa ci gaban tantanin halitta. Sauran maye gurbin da aka saba amfani da su suna canza aikin kwayoyin halitta na gyaran DNA, oncogenes da kwayoyin halitta da ke cikin samar da jijiyoyin jini.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hodgson S |date=January 2008 |title=Mechanisms of inherited cancer susceptibility |journal=Journal of Zhejiang University Science B |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1631/jzus.B073001 |pmc=2170461 |pmid=18196605}}</ref> Wasu maye gurbin da aka gada a cikin kwayoyin ''BRCA1'' da ''BRCA2'' tare da haɗarin sama da 75% na ciwon nono da [[Ciwon Daji Na Mahaifa|Ciwon daji na ovarian]]. Wasu daga cikin cututtukan kwayar halitta da aka gada waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ciwon daji na colorectal sun haɗa da polyposis na iyali da kuma ciwon daji mai ban sha'awa; duk da haka, waɗannan suna wakiltar ƙasa da 5% na lokuta na ciwon daji. A lokuta da yawa, ana iya amfani da Gwajin kwayar halitta don gano kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes waɗanda aka wuce ta cikin tsararraki. === Ciwon daji === * Ataxia-telangiectasia * Cutar Bloom * BRCA1 da BRCA2 * Rashin jini na Fanconi * Adenomatous polyposis na iyali * Godiya ta nono da ciwon daji na ovarian * Ciwon daji na gado wanda ba shi da ma'ana * Ciwon Li-Fraumeni * Nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome * Cutar Von Hippel-Lindau * Ciwon Werner * Xeroderma pigmentosum == Genetics == [[Fayil:Familial_Adenomatous_Polyposes_colon_-2.jpg|thumb|Polyps masu yawa a cikin hanji na mutum tare da polyposis na adenomatous na iyali]] Kodayake akwai nau'ikan gado sama da 50 na Ciwon daji, ƙasa da 0.3% na yawan jama'a suna dauke da maye gurbin kwayar halitta mai alaƙa da ciwon daji kuma waɗannan sun zama ƙasa da 3-10% na duk lokuta na ciwon kansa.[1] Yawancin cututtukan daji ba na gado ba ne ("sporadic cancer"). Ciwon daji na gado ya samo asali ne daga lahani na kwayar halitta. Cutar ciwon daji ko ciwon daji na iyali cuta ce ta kwayar halitta wacce aka gada maye gurbin kwayar halitta a cikin kwayar halitta ɗaya ko fiye da haka ke haifar da mutanen da abin ya shafa ga ci gaban ciwon daji kuma yana iya haifar da farkon farkon farkon farkon waɗannan ciwon daji. Kodayake cututtukan ciwon daji suna nuna ƙarin haɗarin ciwon daji, haɗarin ya bambanta. Ga wasu daga cikin wadannan cututtukan, ciwon daji ba shine ainihin fasalin ba kuma sakamako ne mai ban mamaki. Yawancin cututtukan cutar kansa suna haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halitta masu hana kumburi waɗanda ke sarrafa ci gaban tantanin halitta. Sauran maye gurbin da aka saba amfani da su suna canza aikin kwayoyin halitta na gyaran DNA, oncogenes da kwayoyin halitta da ke cikin samar da jijiyoyin jini.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hodgson S |date=January 2008 |title=Mechanisms of inherited cancer susceptibility |journal=Journal of Zhejiang University Science B |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1631/jzus.B073001 |pmc=2170461 |pmid=18196605}}</ref> Wasu maye gurbin da aka gada a cikin kwayoyin ''BRCA1'' da ''BRCA2'' tare da haɗarin sama da 75% na ciwon nono da [[Ciwon Daji Na Mahaifa|Ciwon daji na ovarian]]. Wasu daga cikin cututtukan kwayar halitta da aka gada waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ciwon daji na colorectal sun haɗa da polyposis na iyali da kuma ciwon daji mai ban sha'awa; duk da haka, waɗannan suna wakiltar ƙasa da 5% na lokuta na ciwon daji. A lokuta da yawa, ana iya amfani da Gwajin kwayar halitta don gano kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes waɗanda aka wuce ta cikin tsararraki. === Ciwon daji === * Ataxia-telangiectasia * Cutar Bloom * BRCA1 da BRCA2 * Rashin jini na Fanconi * Adenomatous polyposis na iyali * Godiya ta nono da ciwon daji na ovarian * Ciwon daji na gado wanda ba shi da ma'ana * Ciwon Li-Fraumeni * Nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome * Cutar Von Hippel-Lindau * Ciwon Werner * Xeroderma pigmentosum == Manazarta == [[Category:Cutar daji]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 202czcs0l61d8nanepy7reuaz27jw69 863377 863372 2026-06-21T17:24:59Z Xaynarb 43630 An kirkira ta fassara "Hormones" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360210926|Causes of cancer]]" 863377 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Cancer_requires_multiple_mutations_from_NIHen.png|thumb| Ciwon daji yana bukatar maye gurbi da yawa don ci gaba.]] [[Fayil:吸煙引致肺癌 Smoking causes lung cancer SML.20120928.IP3 (8032518633).jpg|thumb|dalilan ciwon daji]] '''Ciwon daji yana faruwa ne''' ta hanyar canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta wanda ke haifar da hadakar kwayoyin cuta marasa tsari da samuwar kari.<ref>https://powerfulpatients.org/ha/tag/cancer-patients/{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Babban dalilin ciwon daji (wanda ba na iyali ba) shine lalacewar DNA{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019|reason=removed citation to predatory publisher content}}<ref>https://powerfulpatients.org/ha/tag/cancer-patients/{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> da rashin zaman lafiya.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Ferguson LR, Chen H, Collins AR, Connell M, Damia G, Dasgupta S, Malhotra M, Meeker AK, Amedei A, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Aquilano K, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Bilsland A, Boosani CS, Chen S, Ciriolo MR, Fujii H, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Keith WN, Mohammed SI, Niccolai E, Yang X, Honoki K, Parslow VR, Prakash S, Rezazadeh S, Shackelford RE, Sidransky D, Tran PT, Yang ES, Maxwell CA|display-authors=6|title=Genomic instability in human cancer: Molecular insights and opportunities for therapeutic attack and prevention through diet and nutrition|journal=Seminars in Cancer Biology|volume=35 Suppl|issue=Suppl|pages=S5–S24|date=December 2015|pmid=25869442|pmc=4600419|doi=10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.005}}</ref> Kadan daga cikin cututtukan daji na faruwa ne saboda maye gurbi na gado.<ref name="Expert092">{{cite journal|vauthors=Roukos DH|date=April 2009|title=Genome-wide association studies: how predictable is a person's cancer risk?|journal=Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy|volume=9|issue=4|pages=389–92|doi=10.1586/era.09.12|pmid=19374592|s2cid=24746283}}</ref> Yawancin [[Cututtukan da gurɓatar yanayi ke haifarwa|cututtukan]] daji suna da alaƙa da muhalli, salon rayuwa, ko fallasa ɗabi'a.<ref name="WCR20142">{{cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-9283204299|veditors=Stewart BW, Wild CP|pages=16–54|chapter=Cancer etiology}}</ref> Ciwon daji gabaɗaya baya yaɗuwa a cikin ɗan adam, kodayake ana iya haifar dashi ta hanyar oncoviruses da kwayoyin cutar kansa . Kalmar " muhalli ", kamar yadda masu binciken [[Ciwon Daji Na Baka|ciwon daji]] ke amfani da ita, tana nufin duk wani abu da ke waje da jiki wanda ke hulda da mutane. <ref name="Environment-NIH2">{{cite book|title=Cancer and the Environment: What you Need to Know, What You Can Do|date=2003|publisher=[[National Institutes of Health]]|location=NIH Publication No. 03-2039|quote=Cancer develops over several years and has many causes. Several factors both inside and outside the body contribute to the development of cancer. In this context, scientists refer to everything outside the body that interacts with humans as 'environmental'.}}</ref> Yanayin bai iyakance ga [[Biophysical environment|yanayin yanayin halitta ba]] (misali fallasa abubuwa kamar gurɓatacciyar [[iska]] ko hasken rana), to amma kuma ya haɗa da yanayin rayuwa da halayen dabi'a.<ref name="isbn0-387-78192-72">{{cite book|vauthors=Kravchenko J, Akushevich I, Manton KG|title=Cancer mortality and morbidity patterns from the U. S. population: an interdisciplinary approach|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|year=2009|isbn=978-0-387-78192-1|quote=The term ''environment'' refers not only to air, water, and soil but also to substances and conditions at home and at the workplace, including diet, smoking, alcohol, drugs, exposure to chemicals, sunlight, ionizing radiation, electromagnetic fields, infectious agents, etc. Lifestyle, economic and behavioral factors are all aspects of our environment.}}</ref> Fiye da kashi daya bisa uku na mutuwar ciwon daji a duk duniya (kuma kusan kashi 75-80 a cikin Amurka) ana kuma iya kaucewa ta hanyar rage fallasa ga abubuwan da aka sani.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Doll R, Peto R|title=The causes of cancer: quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today|journal=Journal of the National Cancer Institute|volume=66|issue=6|pages=1191–308|date=June 1981|pmid=7017215|doi=10.1093/jnci/66.6.1192}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Whiteman|first1=David C.|last2=Wilson|first2=Louise F.|date=October 2016|title=The fractions of cancer attributable to modifiable factors: A global review|journal=Cancer Epidemiology|volume=44|pages=203–221|doi=10.1016/j.canep.2016.06.013|issn=1877-783X|pmid=27460784}}</ref> Abubuwan muhalli na yau da kullun wadanda ke ba da gudummawa ga mutuwar kansa sun hada da fallasa ga sinadarai daban-daban da wakilai na jiki (amfani da taba yana da [[Lissafi|lissafin]] 25-30% na mutuwar cutar kansa), gurbataccen muhalli, abinci da kiba (30-35%), cututtuka (15-20%), da kuma radiation (duka ionizing da rashin ionizing, har zuwa 10%).<ref name="Enviro20082"/> Wadannan abubuwan suna aiki, aqalla wani bangare, ta hanyar canza aikin kwayoyin halitta a cikin sel.<ref name="WCR2014Bio2">{{cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014.|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-9283204299|pages=Chapter 1.1}}</ref> Yawanci yawancin irin waɗannan canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta ana buƙatar kafin ciwon daji ya taso.<ref name="WCR2014Bio2" /> An yi ta maimaita tsufa kuma akai-akai a matsayin muhimmin al'amari da za a yi la'akari da shi lokacin da ake kimanta abubuwan hadari don ci gaban ciwon daji na musamman. Yawancin canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta da na salula wadanda ke da hannu wajen hadaka ciwon daji suna taruwa yayin tsarin tsufa kuma a karshe suna bayyana kamar ciwon daji.<ref name="WHO20142">{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/|title=Cancer Fact sheet N°297|date=February 2014|website=World Health Organization|access-date=10 June 2014}}</ref> == Genetics == [[File:Familial_Adenomatous_Polyposes_colon_-2.jpg|thumb| Polyps masu yawa a cikin hanjin mutum tare da adenomatous polyposis na iyali]] Ko da yake akwai fiye da 50 nau'in ciwon daji da za a iya gane su, ƙasa da 0.3% na yawan jama'a sune masu dauke da maye gurbi mai alaka da cutar kansa kuma wadannan ba su wuce 3-10% na duk cututtukan daji ba.<ref name="Expert092"/> Mafi yawan ciwon daji ba na gado bane ("ciwon daji na lokaci-lokaci"). Ciwon daji na gado yana haifar da asali ne ta hanyar lahani na gado. Ciwon daji ko ciwon daji na iyali cuta ce ta kwayoyin halitta wanda gadadden maye gurbi a cikin daya ko fiye da kwayoyin halitta ke sa wadanda abin ya shafa su kamu da cutar kansa kuma yana iya haifar da farkon farkon wadannan cututtukan. Ko da yake ciwon daji yana nuna hasarin ciwon daji, hadarin ya bambanta. Ga wasu daga cikin wadannan cututtuka, ciwon daji ba shine farkon sifa ba kuma ba kasafai ake samun sakamako ba. Yawancin cututtukan ciwon daji suna haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin cuta masu hana ɗari wadanda ke daidaita hadakar kwayoyin cuta. Sauran maye gurbi na yau da kullun suna canza aikin kwayoyin halittar DNA, oncogenes da kwayoyin halittar da ke da hannu wajen samar da hanyoyin jini .<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Hodgson S|title=Mechanisms of inherited cancer susceptibility|journal=Journal of Zhejiang University Science B|volume=9|issue=1|pages=1–4|date=January 2008|pmid=18196605|pmc=2170461|doi=10.1631/jzus.B073001}}</ref> Wasu maye gurbi da aka gada a cikin kwayoyin halittar ''BRCA1'' da ''BRCA2'' tare da fiye da kashi 75 cikin dari na hadarin [[Breast cancer|kansar nono]] da kansar kwai .<ref name="Expert092"/> Wasu daga cikin cututtukan da aka gada wadanda ke haifar da [[Ciwon daji mai launi|ciwon daji na launin]] fata sun hada da familial adenomatous polyposis da na gado maras polyposis colon cancer ; duk da haka, wadannan suna wakiltar kasa da kashi 5% na cututtukan daji na hanji.<ref name="WHO_20142">{{Cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|publisher=World Health Organization|year=2014|isbn=978-9283204299|pages=Chapter 5.5}}</ref> A lokuta da yawa, ana iya amfani da gwajin kwayoyin halitta don gano maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes da ke wucewa ta cikin tsararraki. Halin maye gurbi ana rarraba su azaman ''germline'' ko ''somatic'' dangane da nau'in tantanin halitta inda suke bayyana ( kwayoyin kwayoyin cuta sun hada da kwai da maniyyi da kwayoyin somatic su ne wadanda ke samar da jiki). Ana kuma aiwatar da maye gurbin kwayoyin cuta ta cikin tsararraki kuma suna kara hadarin cutar kansa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2019}} === Ciwon daji === * Ataxia telangiectasia * Bloom ciwo * BRCA1 & BRCA2 * Fanconi anemia * Familial adenomatous polyposis * Gadon nono da ciwon daji na kwai * Gadon ciwon daji mara polyposis * Li-Fraumeni ciwo * Basal cell carcinoma ciwo * Von Hippel-Lindau cuta * Werner ciwo * Xeroderma pigmentosum == Ma'aikatan jiki da sunadarai == Musamman abubuwa, da aka sani da carcinogens, an danganta su da takamaiman nau'in ciwon daji. Misalai na yau da kullun na carcinogens marasa radiyo ana shakar asbestos, wasu dioxins, da hayakin taba. Ko da yake jama'a gabadaya suna danganta cutar sankarau da sinadarai na roba, yana iya yiwuwa ya taso a cikin abubuwan halitta da na roba.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2000-01-17|title=Paracelsus to parascience: the environmental cancer distraction|journal=Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis|language=en|volume=447|issue=1|pages=3–13|doi=10.1016/S0027-5107(99)00194-3|pmid=10686303|issn=0027-5107|last1=Ames|first1=Bruce N.|last2=Gold|first2=Lois Swirsky}}</ref> An kiyasta cewa kusan mutuwar cutar kansa 20,000 da sabbin cututtukan daji 40,000 kowace shekara a Amurka suna da alaqa da zama.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/cancer/|title=National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health- Occupational Cancer|publisher=United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|access-date=13 October 2007}}</ref> A kowace shekara, aƙalla mutane 200,000 ne ke mutuwa a duniya sakamakon cutar kansa da ke da alaqa da wuraren aikinsu. <ref name="WHO_occup">{{Cite press release}}</ref> Miliyoyin ma'aikata suna fuskantar barazanar kamuwa da cutar kansa kamar su kansar huhu da mesothelioma daga shakar asbestos fibers da hayakin taba, ko cutar sankarar bargo daga kamuwa da benzene a wuraren aikinsu.<ref name="WHO_occup" /> An yi imanin ciwon daji da ke da alaƙa da sana'ar mutum yana wakiltar tsakanin 2-20% na duk lokuta.<ref name="pmid180551602">{{cite journal|vauthors=Irigaray P, Newby JA, Clapp R, Hardell L, Howard V, Montagnier L, Epstein S, Belpomme D|title=Lifestyle-related factors and environmental agents causing cancer: an overview|journal=Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy|volume=61|issue=10|pages=640–58|date=December 2007|pmid=18055160|doi=10.1016/j.biopha.2007.10.006}}</ref> Yawancin mutuwar kansar da ke haifar da hadarin sana'a na faruwa a cikin ƙasashen da suka ci gaba. <ref name="WHO_occup" /> Damuwar aiki baya zama wani abu mai mahimmanci akalla a cikin huhu, launin fata, nono da kuma prostate cancer. Shiga Operation Ranchhand a [[Vietnam]] a lokacin yakin Vietnam, ko zama kusa da filin wasan golf, ko zama a gona zai kara haɗarin ƙwayoyin lymphoma wadanda ba Hodgkins ba saboda fallasa ga sinadaran 2,4-D. Lokacin da aka haxa 2,4-D tare da wani magungunan kashe qwari ko herbicide, 2,4-T, a wani rabo na 50:50, an san su tare da Agent Orange. === Shan taba === [[File:Share-of-cancer-deaths-attributed-to-tobacco.png|thumb| Rabon mutuwar ciwon daji da aka danganta da taba a cikin 2016. <ref>{{cite web|title=Share of cancer deaths attributed to tobacco|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-cancer-deaths-attributed-to-tobacco|website=Our World in Data|access-date=5 March 2020}}</ref>]] [[File:Cancer_smoking_lung_cancer_correlation_from_NIH.svg|right|thumb| Yawan [[Ciwon huhun daji|cutar kansar huhu]] yana da alaƙa sosai da shan taba .]] Shan taba yana da alaqa da nau'ikan ciwon daji da yawa,<ref name="Sasco2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Sasco AJ, Secretan MB, Straif K|title=Tobacco smoking and cancer: a brief review of recent epidemiological evidence|journal=Lung Cancer|volume=45 Suppl 2|pages=S3–9|date=August 2004|pmid=15552776|doi=10.1016/j.lungcan.2004.07.998}}</ref> kuma yana haifar da 80% na [[Ciwon huhun daji|kansar huhu]] .<ref name="pmid95949192">{{cite journal|vauthors=Biesalski HK, Bueno de Mesquita B, Chesson A, Chytil F, Grimble R, Hermus RJ, Köhrle J, Lotan R, Norpoth K, Pastorino U, Thurnham D|title=European Consensus Statement on Lung Cancer: risk factors and prevention. Lung Cancer Panel|journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians|volume=48|issue=3|pages=167–76; discussion 164–6|year=1998|pmid=9594919|doi=10.3322/canjclin.48.3.167|s2cid=20891885|doi-access=free}}</ref> Shekaru da yawa na bincike ya nuna alakar da ke tsakanin shan taba da ciwon daji a cikin huhu, makogwaro, kai, wuya, ciki, mafitsara, koda, esophagus da pancreas.<ref name="pmid122700012">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kuper H, Boffetta P, Adami HO|title=Tobacco use and cancer causation: association by tumour type|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|volume=252|issue=3|pages=206–24|date=September 2002|pmid=12270001|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2796.2002.01022.x|s2cid=6132726}}</ref> Akwai wasu shaidun da ke nuna ƙaramar hadarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar jini ta myeloid, squamous cell sinonasal cancer, ciwon hanta, ciwon daji, ciwon daji na gallbladder, glandar adrenal, kananan hanji, da cututtuka na yara daban-daban.<ref name="pmid122700012" /> Hayakin taba ya kunshi fiye da hamsin sanannun ƙwayoyin cuta, gami da nitrosamines da polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . <ref name="Kuper">{{Cite journal}}</ref> Taba yana da alhakin kusan daya cikin uku na duk mutuwar ciwon daji a cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba,<ref name="Sasco2" /> kuma kusan ɗaya cikin biyar a duniya.<ref name="Kuper" /> Yawan mutuwar cutar kansar huhu a Amurka ya yi kama da tsarin shan taba, tare da karuwar shan taba tare da karuwa mai ban mamaki a cikin adadin mutuwar cutar kansar huhu kuma, kwanan nan, raguwar yawan shan taba tun shekarun 1950 ya biyo bayan raguwar mutuwar cutar kansar huhu a cikin maza tun 1990.<ref name="pmid169981612">{{cite journal|vauthors=Thun MJ, Jemal A|title=How much of the decrease in cancer death rates in the United States is attributable to reductions in tobacco smoking?|journal=Tobacco Control|volume=15|issue=5|pages=345–7|date=October 2006|pmid=16998161|pmc=2563648|doi=10.1136/tc.2006.017749}}</ref><ref name="pmid184343332">{{cite journal|vauthors=Dubey S, Powell CA|title=Update in lung cancer 2007|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=177|issue=9|pages=941–6|date=May 2008|pmid=18434333|pmc=2720127|doi=10.1164/rccm.200801-107UP}}</ref> Duk da haka, adadin masu shan taba a duniya yana karuwa, wanda ya haifar da abin da wasu kungiyoyi suka bayyana a matsayin ''cutar ta taba'' .<ref name="pmid152175372">{{cite journal|vauthors=Proctor RN|title=The global smoking epidemic: a history and status report|journal=Clinical Lung Cancer|volume=5|issue=6|pages=371–6|date=May 2004|pmid=15217537|doi=10.3816/CLC.2004.n.016}}</ref> Sigari na lantarki ko e-cigare na'urorin lantarki ne na hannu wadanda ke kwaikwayi jin shan taba. Yin amfani da dogon lokaci na yau da kullun na babban karfin lantarki (5.0V) sigari na lantarki na iya haifar da sinadarai masu kirkirar formaldehyde a mafi girman matakin fiye da shan taba, wanda aka kaddara zai zama haɗarin kansa na rayuwa na kusan sau 5 zuwa 15 fiye da shan taba.<ref name="Cooke20152">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cooke A, Fergeson J, Bulkhi A, Casale TB|title=The Electronic Cigarette: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly|journal=The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. In Practice|volume=3|issue=4|pages=498–505|year=2015|pmid=26164573|doi=10.1016/j.jaip.2015.05.022}}</ref> Koyaya, gabaɗayan aminci da tasirin lafiyar sigari na dogon lokaci har yanzu ba a tabbata ba.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ebbert|first1=Jon O.|last2=Agunwamba|first2=Amenah A.|last3=Rutten|first3=Lila J.|date=January 2015|title=Counseling patients on the use of electronic cigarettes|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|volume=90|issue=1|pages=128–134|doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.11.004|issn=1942-5546|pmid=25572196|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Kayayyaki === [[File:Carcinoma_asbestos_body_lung.jpg|thumb| Jikin asbestos a cikin zamewar cytological]] Wasu abubuwa suna haifar da ciwon daji da farko ta hanyar jiki, maimakon sinadarai, illa ga sel.<ref name="Maltoni32">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20770/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Maltoni CF, Holland JF|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=Chapter 16: Physical Carcinogens|access-date=31 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Babban misali na wannan shine tsawaita bayyanar da asbestos, filayen ma'adinai da ke faruwa a zahiri wadanda sune babban dalilin mesothelioma, wanda shine ciwon daji na membrane serous, yawanci serous membrane kewaye da huhu.<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Sauran abubuwa a cikin wannan nau'in, ciki har da abubuwan da ke faruwa na halitta da kuma kayan aikin asbestos na roba kamar su wollastonite, attapulgite, gilashin ulu, da ulun dutse, an yi imanin suna da irin wannan tasiri.<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Abubuwan da ba su da fibrous wanda ke haifar da ciwon daji sun haɗa da cobalt na karfe da nickel, da silica crystalline ( quartz, cristobalite, da tridymite ).<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Yawancin lokaci, carcinogens na jiki dole ne su shiga cikin jiki (kamar ta hanyar shakar kananan guntu) kuma suna bukatar tsawon shekaru don hadaka ciwon daji.<ref name="Maltoni32" /> Kwayoyin cutar sankara na sana'a sun haɗa da:<ref>{{Cite book|title=Robbins basic pathology|date=2007|publisher=Saunders/Elsevier|others=Kumar, Vinay, 1944-, Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard), 1915-2003.|isbn=978-1416029731|edition=8th|location=Philadelphia, PA|pages=Table 6–2|oclc=69672074}}</ref> * arsenic * asbestos * benzene * beryllium * cadmium * chromium * ethylene oxide * nickel * Plutonium == salon rayuwa == Yawancin abubuwan rayuwa daban-daban suna ba da gudummawa ga hadaka hadarin kansa. Tare, abinci da [[kiba]] suna da alaqa da kusan 30-35% na mutuwar ciwon daji. <ref name="Enviro20082"/><ref name="Nutri06">{{Cite journal}}</ref>Shawarwari na abinci don rigakafin ciwon daji yawanci sun hada da girmamawa ga kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itace, hatsi gabadaya, da kifi, da kuma nisantar nama da aka sarrafa, jan nama, kitsen dabba, da ingantaccen carbohydrates.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Kushi LH, Doyle C, McCullough M, Rock CL, Demark-Wahnefried W, Bandera EV, Gapstur S, Patel AV, Andrews K, Gansler T|title=American Cancer Society Guidelines on nutrition and physical activity for cancer prevention: reducing the risk of cancer with healthy food choices and physical activity|journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians|volume=62|issue=1|pages=30–67|date=January 2012|pmid=22237782|doi=10.3322/caac.20140|s2cid=2067308|doi-access=free}}</ref> Shaidar don tallafawa wadannan canje-canjen abinci ba tabbatacce ba ne.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Wicki A, Hagmann J|title=Diet and cancer|journal=Swiss Medical Weekly|volume=141|pages=w13250|doi=10.4414/smw.2011.13250|pmid=21904992|year=2011|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Barasa === [[File:Cirrosi_micronodular.1427.jpg|thumb| Lalacewa ta yau da kullun saboda shan barasa na iya haifar da hanta cirrhosis (hoton da ke sama) da hadakar cutar sankarar hanta, nau'in ciwon hanta.]] Barasa misali ne na sinadari na carcinogen. Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta ware barasa a matsayin rukuni na 1 carcinogen .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/pr/2009/pdfs/pr196_E.pdf|title=IARC: IARC Strengthens its Findings on Several Carcinogenic Personal Habits and Household Exposures|date=2009|work=International Agency for Research on Cancer - World Health Organization}}</ref> A Yammacin Turai kashi 10% na ciwon daji na maza da kashi 3% na ciwon daji na mata ana danganta su da barasa.<ref name="pmid214745252">{{cite journal|vauthors=Schütze M, Boeing H, Pischon T, Rehm J, Kehoe T, Gmel G, Olsen A, Tjønneland AM, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Clavel-Chapelon F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Trichopoulou A, Benetou V, Zylis D, Kaaks R, Rohrmann S, Palli D, Berrino F, Tumino R, Vineis P, Rodríguez L, Agudo A, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Peeters PH, van Gils CH, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Allen NE, Key TJ, Boffetta P, Slimani N, Jenab M, Romaguera D, Wark PA, Riboli E, Bergmann MM|display-authors=6|title=Alcohol attributable burden of incidence of cancer in eight European countries based on results from prospective cohort study|journal=BMJ|volume=342|pages=d1584|date=April 2011|pmid=21474525|pmc=3072472|doi=10.1136/bmj.d1584}}</ref> A duk duniya, kashi 3.6% na duk cututtukan daji da kashi 3.5% na mutuwar ciwon daji ana danganta su da barasa.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Boffetta|date=August 2006|title=The burden of cancer attributable to alcohol drinking|journal=International Journal of Cancer|volume=119|issue=4|pages=884–7|doi=10.1002/ijc.21903|pmid=16557583|hdl=2434/22728|s2cid=14938863|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Musamman, an nuna amfani da barasa yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon daji na baki, esophagus, pharynx, larynx, ciki, hanta, ovaries, da hanji. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh25-4/263-270.htm|title=Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Cancer|website=pubs.niaaa.nih.gov|language=en|access-date=2018-03-22|archive-date=2018-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221200307/https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh25-4/263-270.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Babban tsarin ci gaban ciwon daji ya hada da kara yawan bayyanar da acetaldehyde, carcinogen da rushewar samfurin ethanol.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Theruvathu JA, Jaruga P, Nath RG, Dizdaroglu M, Brooks PJ|title=Polyamines stimulate the formation of mutagenic 1,N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts from acetaldehyde|journal=Nucleic Acids Research|volume=33|issue=11|pages=3513–20|date=2005|pmid=15972793|pmc=1156964|doi=10.1093/nar/gki661}}</ref> An ba da shawarar wasu hanyoyin, ciki har da [[Rashin abinci mai gina jiki|ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki]] da ke da alaƙa da barasa, canje-canje a cikin DNA methylation, da shigar da damuwa na oxidative a cikin kyallen takarda.<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Poschl G|date=May 2004|title=Alcohol and Cancer|journal=Alcohol and Alcoholism|volume=39|issue=3|pages=155–165|doi=10.1093/alcalc/agh057|pmid=15082451|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Abinci === An danganta wasu takamaiman abinci da takamaiman cututtukan daji. Bincike ya nuna cewa mutanen da ke cin ja ko naman da aka sarrafa suna da hadarin kamuwa da cutar kansar nono, ciwon prostate, da kansar pancreatic.<ref>{{Cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|last=Stewart|first=Bernard|name-list-style=vanc|publisher=World Health Organization|year=2014|isbn=9789283204299|pages=124–33}}</ref> Ana iya bayyana wannan a wani bangare ta kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta na carcinogen a cikin abincin da aka dafa a yanayin zafi.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Lynnette R.|last=Ferguson|name-list-style=vanc|date=February 2010|title=Meat and cancer|journal=Meat Science|volume=84|issue=2|pages=308–313|doi=10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.06.032|pmid=20374790}}</ref> Abubuwan haɗari da yawa don haɓakar ciwon daji na launi sun haɗa da yawan cin mai, barasa, ja da naman da aka sarrafa, kiba, da rashin motsa jiki.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2011|title=Colorectal Cancer 2011 Report: Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer|url=https://www.wcrf.org/sites/default/files/Colorectal-Cancer-2011-Report.pdf|journal=World Cancer Research Fund & American Institute for Cancer Research|access-date=2018-03-22|archive-date=2019-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190522192942/https://www.wcrf.org/sites/default/files/Colorectal-Cancer-2011-Report.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Abincin [[gishiri]] mai yawa yana da alaqa da ciwon daji na ciki. Aflatoxin B1, gurɓataccen abinci akai-akai, yana da alaƙa da ciwon hanta. An nuna taunan goro na haifar da ciwon daji na baki.<ref name="pmid189900052">{{cite journal|vauthors=Park S, Bae J, Nam BH, Yoo KY|title=Aetiology of cancer in Asia|journal=Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention|volume=9|issue=3|pages=371–80|year=2008|pmid=18990005|url=http://www.apocpcontrol.org/page/popup_paper_file_view.php?pno=MzcxIFBhcmsucCZrY29kZT04MjI=&pgubun=i|format=PDF|access-date=2014-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904052252/http://www.apocpcontrol.org/page/popup_paper_file_view.php?pno=MzcxIFBhcmsucCZrY29kZT04MjI=&pgubun=i|archive-date=2011-09-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dangantakar da ke tsakanin abinci da ci gaban wasu cututtukan daji na iya yin bayanin bambance-bambance a cikin kamuwa da cutar kansa a kasashe daban-daban. Misali, ciwon daji na ciki ya fi zama ruwan dare a [[Japan]] saboda yawan cin abinci mai yawan gishiri da kuma ciwon daji na hanji ya zama ruwan dare a Amurka saboda yawan cin naman da aka sarrafa da kuma jan nama.<ref name="pmid191074492">{{cite book|vauthors=Brenner H, Rothenbacher D, Arndt V|chapter=Epidemiology of stomach cancer|volume=472|pages=467–77|year=2009|pmid=19107449|doi=10.1007/978-1-60327-492-0_23|isbn=978-1-60327-491-3|series=Methods in Molecular Biology|pmc=2166976|title=Cancer Epidemiology}}</ref> Al'ummomin bakin haure sun kasance suna hadaka yanayin haɗarin cutar kansa na sabuwar kasarsu, galibi a cikin tsararraki ɗaya zuwa biyu, suna ba da shawarar alaƙa mai mahimmanci tsakanin abinci da kansa.<ref name="pmid142788992">{{cite journal|vauthors=Buell P, Dunn JE|title=Cancer Mortality among Japanese Issei and Nisei of California|journal=Cancer|volume=18|issue=5|pages=656–64|date=May 1965|pmid=14278899|doi=10.1002/1097-0142(196505)18:5<656::AID-CNCR2820180515>3.0.CO;2-3|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Parkin|first1=D. M.|last2=Khlat|first2=M.|date=May 1996|title=Studies of cancer in migrants: rationale and methodology|journal=European Journal of Cancer|volume=32A|issue=5|pages=761–771|issn=0959-8049|pmid=9081351|doi=10.1016/0959-8049(96)00062-7}}</ref> === Kiba === {| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left:15px; text-align:center" |+Ciwon daji masu alaka da kiba !Maza ! Mata |- | [[Ciwon daji mai launi]] | [[Ciwon daji mai launi]] |- | Esophageal adenocarcinoma | Ciwon daji na Endometrial |- | Ciwon daji na koda | Esophageal adenocarcinoma |- | Ciwon daji na Pancreatic | Gallbladder cancer |- | Ciwon daji na thyroid | Ciwon daji na koda |- | | Ciwon daji na Pancreatic |- | | [[Breast cancer|Ciwon nono bayan menopause]] |} A cikin Amurka, yawan nauyin jiki yana da alaqa da hadakar nau'in ciwon daji da yawa kuma shine kashi 14-20% na mutuwar ciwon daji. Kowace shekara, kusan sabbin cututtukan daji 85,000 a Amurka suna da alaƙa da kiba.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011">{{Cite journal}}</ref> Mutanen da aka yi wa tiyatar bariatric don asarar nauyi sun rage kamuwa da cutar kansa da mace-mace.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011" /> Akwai dangantaka tsakanin kiba da ciwon hanji, ciwon nono bayan al'ada, ciwon daji na endometrial, ciwon koda, da ciwon daji na esophageal.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011">{{Cite journal}}</ref> An kuma danganta kiba da kamuwa da cutar sankarar hanta.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Alzahrani B, Iseli TJ, Hebbard LW|title=Non-viral causes of liver cancer: does obesity led inflammation play a role?|journal=Cancer Letters|volume=345|issue=2|pages=223–9|date=April 2014|pmid=24007864|doi=10.1016/j.canlet.2013.08.036}}</ref> Fahimtar yanzu game da tsarin ci gaban ciwon daji a cikin kiba yana da alaƙa da karancin matakan furotin na rayuwa (ciki har da abubuwan hadakar insulin-kamar abubuwan habakawa) da hormones na jima'i ( estrogens, androgens da progestogens ). <ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011" /> Nama na adipose kuma yana haifar da yanayi mai kumburi wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen bunkasa ciwon daji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Gilbert CA, Slingerland JM|title=Cytokines, obesity, and cancer: new insights on mechanisms linking obesity to cancer risk and progression|journal=Annual Review of Medicine|volume=64|issue=1|pages=45–57|date=2013-01-14|pmid=23121183|doi=10.1146/annurev-med-121211-091527}}</ref> An yi imanin rashin aiki na jiki yana ba da gudummawa ga hadarin ciwon daji ba kawai ta hanyar tasirinsa akan nauyin jiki ba har ma ta hanyar mummunan tasiri akan tsarin rigakafi da tsarin endocrine . Fiye da rabin sakamako daga abinci shine saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki maimakon cin abinci mai kyau.<ref name="Basen-Engquist_2011">{{Cite journal}}</ref> == Hormones == [[File:Breast_cancer_gross_appearance.jpg|thumb| Siffar macroscopic na ciwon daji na ductal carcinoma na nono. Ciwon daji shine kodadde, taro mai siffa mai kaguwa a tsakiya, kewaye da nama mai kitse na al'ada, rawaya.]] Wasu hormones suna taka rawa wajen haɓakar ciwon daji ta hanyar haɓaka yaduwar kwayar halitta .<ref name="Henderson2"/> Abubuwan haɓaka masu kama da insulin da sunadaran da ke ɗaure su suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin haɓakar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, bambance-bambance da apoptosis, suna nuna yiwuwar shiga cikin carcinogenesis.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Rowlands MA, Gunnell D, Harris R, Vatten LJ, Holly JM, Martin RM|title=Circulating insulin-like growth factor peptides and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis|journal=International Journal of Cancer|volume=124|issue=10|pages=2416–29|date=May 2009|pmid=19142965|pmc=2743036|doi=10.1002/ijc.24202}}</ref> Hormones sune mahimman abubuwa a cikin cututtukan daji masu alaƙa da jima'i kamar kansar nono, endometrium, prostate, ovary, da testis, da kuma ciwon daji na thyroid da kansar kashi .<ref name="Henderson2"/> Misali, 'ya'yan mata masu fama da ciwon nono suna da adadin isrogen da progesterone da yawa fiye da 'yan matan mata masu ciwon nono. Wadannan matakan hormone masu girma na iya yin bayanin dalilin da yasa wadannan mata ke da hadarin kamuwa da cutar kansar nono, ko da idan babu kwayar cutar kansar nono.<ref name="Henderson2" /> Hakazalika, mazan zuriyar Afirka suna da matakan testosterone mafi girma fiye da mazan zuriyar Turai, kuma suna da daidai da matakin [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar kansar prostate]] .<ref name="Henderson2" /> Maza na asalin Asiya, tare da kananan matakan testosterone-activating androstanediol glucuronide, suna da kananan matakan ciwon daji na prostate.<ref name="Henderson2" /> Sauran abubuwan kuma sun dace: mutane masu kiba suna da matakan girma na wasu hormones masu alaqa da ciwon daji da kuma mafi girman adadin wadannan cututtukan.<ref name="Henderson2">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20759/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Henderson BE, Bernstein L, Ross RK|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=Chapter 13: Hormones and the Etiology of Cancer|access-date=27 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Matan da suke shan maganin maye gurbin hormone suna da hadari mafi girma na tasowa ciwon daji da ke hade da waɗannan hormones.<ref name="Henderson2" /> A gefe guda kuma, mutanen da ke motsa jiki fiye da matsakaici suna da ƙananan matakan wadannan hormones, kuma ƙananan haɗarin ciwon daji.<ref name="Henderson2" /> Osteosarcoma na iya haɓaka ta hanyar hormones girma .<ref name="Henderson2" /> Wasu jiyya da hanyoyin rigakafin suna yin amfani da wannan dalili ta hanyar rage matakan hormone ta hanyar wucin gadi, kuma don haka yana hana cututtukan daji masu saurin kamuwa da hormone. Saboda hormones na steroids suna da karfi masu haifar da bayyanar cututtuka a cikin wasu kwayoyin cutar kansa, canza matakan ko aiki na wasu kwayoyin halitta na iya haifar da wasu ciwon daji su daina girma ko kuma su fuskanci mutuwar kwayar halitta.<ref name="Henderson2"/> Watakila mafi yawan sanannun misali na maganin hormonal a cikin ilimin oncology shine amfani da zabi na estrogen-receptor modulator tamoxifen don maganin ciwon nono. Wani nau'i na ma'aikatan hormonal, masu hana aromatase, yanzu suna da rawar fadadawa a cikin maganin ciwon nono. == Kamuwa da kumburi == A duk duniya, kusan kashi 18% na cututtukan daji suna da alaƙa da cututtuka masu yaduwa .<ref name="Enviro20082">{{cite journal|vauthors=Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Kunnumakara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Tharakan ST, Lai OS, Sung B, Aggarwal BB|date=September 2008|title=Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes|journal=Pharmaceutical Research|volume=25|issue=9|pages=2097–116|doi=10.1007/s11095-008-9661-9|pmc=2515569|pmid=18626751}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=2012-06-01|first2=Jacques|last7=Plummer|first6=David|last6=Forman|first5=Freddie|last5=Bray|first4=Jérôme|last4=Vignat|first3=Silvia|last3=Franceschi|last2=Ferlay|title=Global burden of cancers attributable to infections in 2008: a review and synthetic analysis|first1=Catherine|last1=De Martel|issn=1470-2045|pmid=22575588|doi=10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70137-7|pages=607–615|issue=6|volume=13|language=en|journal=The Lancet Oncology|first7=Martyn}}</ref> Wannan rabo ya bambanta a yankuna daban-daban na duniya daga babban kashi 25% a Afirka zuwa kasa da 10% a cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba.<ref name="Enviro20082" /> Kwayoyin cuta sune cututtuka na yau da kullun waɗanda ke haifar da ciwon daji amma kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta suma suna taimakawa. Kwayoyin cututtuka waɗanda ke ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji akai-akai sune tushen lalacewar DNA ko rashin zaman lafiyar kwayoyin halitta. [[File:HPV_causing_cervical_cancer.jpg|thumb| HPV ita ce kwayar cutar da aka fi sani da ke cutar da tsarin haihuwa. Kamuwa da cuta na iya haifar da ci gaban cutar kansar mahaifa a cikin mata.]] Kamuwa da cuta shine babban haɗari ga cutar sankarar mahaifa da hanta.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=De Paoli P, Carbone A|title=Carcinogenic viruses and solid cancers without sufficient evidence of causal association|journal=International Journal of Cancer|volume=133|issue=7|pages=1517–29|date=October 2013|pmid=23280523|doi=10.1002/ijc.27995|s2cid=38402898}}</ref> Kwayar cutar da ke haifar da ciwon daji ana kiranta ''oncovirus'' . Wadannan sun hada da papillomavirus ɗan adam ( [[Ciwon daji na mahaifa|ciwon mahaifa]] ), cutar Epstein-Barr ( cututtukan lymphoproliferative B-cell da nasopharyngeal carcinoma ), Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus ( Kaposi's sarcoma da primary effusion lymphomas ), [[hepatitis B]] da [[hepatitis C]] ƙwayoyin cuta ( hepatocellular carcinoma ), da Human T. Kwayar cutar sankarar bargo-1 (T-cell leukemias). A kasashen da suka ci gaba na Yamma, cutar papillomavirus (HPV) da cutar hanta ta B (HBV) da kuma cutar hanta ta C (HCV) su ne [[Kanjamau|cutar kanjamau]].<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Kunnumakara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Tharakan ST, Lai OS, Sung B, Aggarwal BB|title=Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes|journal=Pharmaceutical Research|volume=25|issue=9|pages=2097–116|date=September 2008|pmid=18626751|pmc=2515569|doi=10.1007/s11095-008-9661-9}}</ref> A Amurka, HPV yana haifar da mafi yawan ciwon daji na mahaifa, da kuma wasu ciwon daji na farji, farji, azzakari, dubura, dubura, makogwaro, harshe da tonsils.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/index.htm|title=Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Cancer|date=January 2, 2018|website=CDC|access-date=March 22, 2018}}</ref> Daga cikin kwayoyin cuta na HPV masu haɗari, HPV E6 da E7 oncoproteins suna hana ƙwayoyin kwayoyin cuta suppressor lokacin kamuwa da kwayoyin cuta. Bugu da ƙari, oncoproteins da kansa suna haifar da rashin zaman lafiyar kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayoyin halitta na al'ada, wanda ke haifar da haɗarin ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Münger K, Baldwin A, Edwards KM, Hayakawa H, Nguyen CL, Owens M, Grace M, Huh K|title=Mechanisms of human papillomavirus-induced oncogenesis|journal=Journal of Virology|volume=78|issue=21|pages=11451–60|date=November 2004|pmid=15479788|pmc=523272|doi=10.1128/JVI.78.21.11451-11460.2004}}</ref> Mutanen da ke da ciwon hanta na ciwon hanta B sun fi sau 200 suna iya kamuwa da cutar kansar hanta fiye da waɗanda ba su kamu da cutar ba.<ref name="Sung_20002">{{cite book|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20828/|title=Hepatitis Viruses|last1=Sung|first1=Max W.|last2=Thung|first2=Swan N.|last3=Acs|first3=George|name-list-style=vanc|date=2000|publisher=BC Decker}}</ref> [[Cirrhosis|Ciwon hanta]], ko daga kamuwa da cutar ciwon hanta na kullum ko kuma cin zarafi na barasa, yana da alaƙa da kansa tare da ci gaban ciwon hanta, amma haɗuwa da cirrhosis da ciwon hanta na ƙwayar cuta yana nuna mafi girman hadarin ciwon hanta.<ref name="Sung_20002" /> === Bacteria da parasites === [[File:Schistosoma_bladder_histopathology.jpeg|thumb| Histopathology na ''Schistosoma haematobium'' qwai a cikin rufin mafitsara.]] Wasu cututtuka na kwayoyin cuta kuma suna ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin Helicobacter pylori wanda ya haifar da ciwon ciki .<ref name="Viral042">{{cite journal|vauthors=Pagano JS, Blaser M, Buendia MA, Damania B, Khalili K, Raab-Traub N, Roizman B|title=Infectious agents and cancer: criteria for a causal relation|journal=Seminars in Cancer Biology|volume=14|issue=6|pages=453–71|date=December 2004|pmid=15489139|doi=10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.06.009|author-link2=Martin J. Blaser}}</ref> Hanyar da ''H. pylori'' ke haifar da ciwon daji na iya haɗawa da kumburi na yau da kullum ko aikin kai tsaye na wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta .<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hatakeyama|first=Masanori|date=9 December 2005|title=Helicobacter pylori CagA: a new paradigm for bacterial carcinogenesis|journal=Cancer Science|volume=96|issue=12|pages=835–843|doi=10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00130.x|pmid=16367902|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kwayoyin cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da ciwon daji sun haɗa da ''Schistosoma haematobium'' ( squamous cell carcinoma na mafitsara ) da kuma hanta flukes, ''Opisthorchis viverrini'' da ''Clonorchis sinensis'' ( cholangiocarcinoma ).<ref name="pmid205390592">{{cite journal|vauthors=Samaras V, Rafailidis PI, Mourtzoukou EG, Peppas G, Falagas ME|title=Chronic bacterial and parasitic infections and cancer: a review|journal=Journal of Infection in Developing Countries|volume=4|issue=5|pages=267–81|date=June 2010|pmid=20539059|doi=10.3855/jidc.819|url=http://www.jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/download/20539059/387|format=PDF|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kumburi da ƙwan tsutsa ke haifarwa ya bayyana shine hanyar da ke haifar da ciwon daji. Wasu cututtukan cututtuka na parasitic kuma na iya ƙara kasancewar mahadi na carcinogenic a cikin jiki, wanda ke haifar da haɓakar ciwon daji.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20917/|title=Parasites|last=Mustacchi|first=Piero|date=2000|publisher=BC Decker|language=en}}</ref> [[Tibi|Cutar tarin fuka]], wanda mycobacterium ''M. tarin fuka'' ya haifar, an kuma danganta shi da ci gaban ciwon huhu.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Pallis AG, Syrigos KN|title=Lung cancer in never smokers: disease characteristics and risk factors|language=en|journal=Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology|volume=88|issue=3|pages=494–503|date=December 2013|pmid=23921082|doi=10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.06.011}}</ref> === Kumburi === Akwai shaidar cewa kumburi kanta yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen hadakawa da ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Taniguchi K, Karin M|date=February 2014|title=IL-6 and related cytokines as the critical lynchpins between inflammation and cancer|journal=Seminars in Immunology|volume=26|issue=1|pages=54–74|doi=10.1016/j.smim.2014.01.001|pmid=24552665}}</ref> Kumburi na yau da kullum zai iya haifar da lalacewar DNA a kan lokaci da kuma tarin sauye-sauye na kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayoyin cutar kansa.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A|title=Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability|journal=Carcinogenesis|volume=30|issue=7|pages=1073–81|date=July 2009|pmid=19468060|doi=10.1093/carcin/bgp127|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kumburi na iya taimakawa wajen yaduwa, rayuwa, angiogensis da ƙaura na kwayoyin ciwon daji ta hanyar tasiri microenvironment tumor .<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Mantovani A|title=Molecular pathways linking inflammation and cancer|journal=Current Molecular Medicine|volume=10|issue=4|pages=369–73|date=June 2010|pmid=20455855|doi=10.2174/156652410791316968}}</ref> Mutanen da ke da cututtukan hanji mai kumburi suna cikin hadarin hadaka cututtukan daji na launi.<ref name="WHO_20142"/> == Radiation == Har zuwa kashi 10 cikin 100 na cututtukan daji masu barna suna da alaqa da fallasa hasken rana, gami da duka radiation marasa ionizing da radiation ionizing .<ref name="Enviro20082"/> Ba kamar abubuwan da ke haifar da sinadarai ko jiki don ciwon daji ba, ionizing radiation yana kaiwa ga kwayoyin halitta a cikin sel ba da gangan ba. Idan ya faru ya bugi chromosome, zai iya karya chromosome, ya haifar da adadi mara kyau na chromosomes, rashin kunna ɗaya ko fiye da kwayoyin halitta a cikin bangaren chromosome da ya buga, share sassan jerin DNA, haifar da fassarar chromosome, ko haifar da chromosomes. sauran nau'ikan rashin daidaituwa na chromosome .<ref name="Little2">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20793/|title=Cancer medicine|author=Little JB|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Kufe DW, Pollock RE, Weichselbaum RR, Bast RC, Gansler TS, Holland JF, Frei E|edition=6th|location=Hamilton, Ont|chapter=Chapter 14: Ionizing Radiation}}</ref> Babban lalacewa yakan haifar da mutuwar tantanin halitta, amma ƙananan lalacewa na iya barin barga, wani ɓangaren tantanin halitta mai aiki wanda zai iya yaduwa da haɓaka zuwa kansa, musamman idan kwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu hana ƙari sun lalace ta hanyar radiation.<ref name="Little2" /> Matakai uku masu zaman kansu sun bayyana suna da hannu a cikin ƙirƙirar ciwon daji tare da radiation ionizing: sauye-sauyen yanayin halitta zuwa tantanin halitta, samun rashin mutuwa ta salula (rasa al'ada, tsarin tafiyar da rayuwa mai iyaka), da daidaitawa waɗanda ke ba da izinin samuwar kwayar cuta.<ref name="Little2" /> Ko da kwayar cutar ba ta bugi DNA kai tsaye ba, yana haifar da martani daga sel waɗanda ke ƙara yuwuwar maye gurbi a kaikaice.<ref name="Little2" /> === Radiation marasa ionizing === [[File:Squamous_cell_carcinoma_(3).jpg|thumb| Squamous cell carcinoma akan fatar hanci da ke fitowa rana.]] Ba kowane nau'in radiation na lantarki ba ne carcinogenic. Rawanin makamashi mara karfi akan bakan na'urar lantarki da suka hada da rakuman radiyo, microwaves, infrared radiation da hasken da ake iya gani ba ana tsammanin ba saboda basu da isasshen kuzari don karya haɗin sinadarai . Rashin ionizing mitar rediyo daga wayar hannu, watsa wutar lantarki, da sauran makamantansu an bayyana su a matsayin yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar sankara ta [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|Hukumar Lafiya ta]] Duniya don Bincike kan Ciwon daji . Koyaya, binciken bai sami daidaiton alaƙa tsakanin hasken wayar salula da haɗarin kansa ba.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/cellphones|title=Cell Phones and Cancer Risk - National Cancer Institute|date=2013-05-08|publisher=Cancer.gov|access-date=2013-12-15}}</ref> Hasken makamashi mai ƙarfi, gami da hasken ultraviolet (wanda yake a cikin hasken rana), hasken x-ray, da radiation na gamma, gabaɗaya carcinogenic ne, idan an karɓa cikin isassun allurai. Tsawon tsawaitawa zuwa hasken ultraviolet daga [[rana]] zai iya haifar da melanoma da sauran cututtukan fata.<ref name="Cleaver2">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20854/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Cleaver JE, Mitchell DL|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=15. Ultraviolet Radiation Carcinogenesis|access-date=31 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Yawancin cututtukan da ba su da haɗari ba su ne cututtukan [[Ciwon daji na fata|fata]] waɗanda ba melanoma ba waɗanda ba su haifar da radiation ultraviolet ba. Shaida bayyananniya ta kafa radiation ultraviolet, musamman ma matsakaicin raƙuman raguman ionizing UVB, a matsayin sanadin mafi yawan cututtukan cututtukan fata waɗanda ba melanoma ba, waɗanda sune mafi yawan nau'ikan ciwon daji a duniya.<ref name="Cleaver2" /> === Ionizing radiation === [[File:Meningioma.jpg|thumb| Sashin ketare na meningioma yana kawar da kwakwalwar da ke karkashin.]] Tushen ionizing radiation sun haɗa da hoton likita, da radon gas. Ionizing radiation ba mutagen mai karfi bane musamman.<ref name="Little2"/> Amfani da likitanci na ionizing radiation shine tushen hadakar cututtukan daji da ke haifar da radiation. Ana iya amfani da radiation ionizing don magance wasu cututtuka, amma wannan yana iya, a wasu lokuta, haifar da nau'i na biyu na ciwon daji.<ref name="Little2" /> Radiation na iya haifar da ciwon daji a mafi yawan sassan jiki, a cikin dukan dabbobi, da kuma kowane shekaru, duk da cewa radiation-induced tabarbarewar ciwace-ciwacen daji yakan dauki shekaru 10-15, kuma zai iya ɗaukar shekaru 40, ya bayyana a asibiti, kuma radiation-jawowa. cutar sankarar bargo yawanci yana buƙatar shekaru 2-10 don bayyana.<ref name="Little2" /> Radiation-induced meningiomas wani baƙon abu ne mai rikitarwa na kumburin hanji.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Yamanaka R, Hayano A, Kanayama T|title=Radiation-Induced Meningiomas: An Exhaustive Review of the Literature|journal=World Neurosurgery|volume=97|pages=635–644.e8|date=January 2017|pmid=27713063|doi=10.1016/j.wneu.2016.09.094}}</ref> Wasu mutane, irin su waɗanda ke da ciwon basal cell carcinoma ko retinoblastoma, sun fi sauƙi fiye da matsakaici don bunkasa ciwon daji daga bayyanar radiation.<ref name="Little2" /> Yara da matasa suna da yuwuwar haɓaka cutar sankarar bargo da ke haifar da radiation sau biyu kamar manya; Fitar da radiation kafin haihuwa yana da tasirin sau goma.<ref name="Little2" /> Hakanan ana amfani da ionizing radiation a wasu nau'ikan hoton likita . A cikin ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu, hoton likitanci yana ba da gudummawar kusan adadin radiation ga jama'a kamar na baya-bayan nan. Dabarun magungunan nukiliya sun haɗa da allurar magungunan rediyo kai tsaye zuwa cikin jini. Maganin rediyo da gangan yana isar da allurai masu yawa na radiation zuwa ciwace-ciwacen ciwace-ciwacen da ke kewaye da shi azaman nau'in maganin cuta. An kiyasta cewa 0.4% na ciwon daji a cikin 2007 a Amurka sun kasance saboda CTs da aka yi a baya kuma wannan na iya karuwa zuwa 1.5-2% tare da ƙimar amfani da CT a wannan lokaci guda.<ref name="pmid180460312">{{cite journal|vauthors=Brenner DJ, Hall EJ|title=Computed tomography--an increasing source of radiation exposure|journal=The New England Journal of Medicine|volume=357|issue=22|pages=2277–84|date=November 2007|pmid=18046031|doi=10.1056/NEJMra072149|url=https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79492|access-date=2022-02-11|archive-date=2022-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319064738/https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79492|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bayyanar mazaunin ga radon gas yana da irin wannan haɗarin kansa kamar shan taba .<ref name="Little2"/> Ƙananan bayyanar cututtuka, kamar rayuwa kusa da tashar makamashin nukiliya, an yi imanin cewa ba su da wani tasiri ko kadan akan ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref name="Little2" /> Radiation shine tushen ciwon daji mafi karfi idan aka haɗa shi da sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar kansa, irin su radon iskar gas tare da shan taba.<ref name="Little2" /> == Dalilan da ba kasafai ba == === Dashen gabobi === [[File:Metastatic_malignant_melanoma,_heart.jpg|thumb| M melanoma metastases a cikin zuciya.]] Ci gaban ciwace-ciwacen da ake samu daga masu ba da taimako daga dashen sassan jiki yana da wuyar gaske. Babban abin da ke haifar da ciwace-ciwacen gabobi da ke da alaƙa da alama yana da cutar melanoma, wanda ba a gano shi ba a lokacin girbi na gabbai.<ref name="pmid169577172">{{cite journal|vauthors=Dingli D, Nowak MA|title=Cancer biology: infectious tumour cells|journal=Nature|volume=443|issue=7107|pages=35–6|date=September 2006|pmid=16957717|pmc=2711443|doi=10.1038/443035a|bibcode=2006Natur.443...35D}}</ref> Haka kuma an sami rahotannin sarcoma na Kaposi na faruwa bayan dasawa saboda ficewar ƙwayoyin masu ba da taimako da kwayoyin cuta suka kamu da cutar.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Barozzi P, Luppi M, Facchetti F, Mecucci C, Alù M, Sarid R, Rasini V, Ravazzini L, Rossi E, Festa S, Crescenzi B, Wolf DG, Schulz TF, Torelli G|title=Post-transplant Kaposi sarcoma originates from the seeding of donor-derived progenitors|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=9|issue=5|pages=554–61|date=May 2003|pmid=12692543|doi=10.1038/nm862|s2cid=2527251}}</ref> === Tashin hankali === Raunin jiki da ke haifar da ciwon daji ba kasafai ba ne.<ref name="Gaeta32">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20784/|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|vauthors=Gaeta JF|publisher=B.C. Decker|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE|edition=5th|location=Hamilton, Ontario|chapter=Chapter 17: Trauma and Inflammation|access-date=27 January 2011|display-editors=etal}}</ref> Da'awar cewa karya kasusuwa ya haifar da ciwon daji na kashi, alal misali, ba a taɓa tabbatar da hakan ba.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Hakazalika, ba a yarda da raunin jiki a matsayin sanadin cutar kansar mahaifa, ciwon nono, ko kansar kwakwalwa.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Ɗaya daga cikin tushen da aka yarda shine akai-akai, aikace-aikacen dogon lokaci na abubuwa masu zafi zuwa jiki. Mai yiyuwa ne konewar da ake ta yi a wani bangare na jiki, irin wadanda ake samar da su daga kangare da na’urorin dumama na kairo (masu dumin hannun gawayi), na iya haifar da cutar kansar fata, musamman ma idan akwai sinadarai masu cutar kansa.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Yawan shan shayi mai zafi mai zafi na iya haifar da ciwon daji na esophageal.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Gabaɗaya, an yi imanin cewa ciwon daji ya taso, ko kuma ana karfafa ciwon daji da ya rigaya ya kasance, a lokacin aikin gyaran raunin da ya faru, maimakon ciwon daji wanda ya haifar da ciwon kai tsaye.<ref name="Gaeta32" /> Koyaya, raunin raunin da aka samu ga kyallen takarda iri ɗaya na iya haɓaka haɓakar kwayoyin sel da yawa, wanda hakan zai iya ƙara yuwuwar maye gurbi. === Watsawar uwa- tayi === A {asar Amirka, kusan mata masu juna biyu 3,500 suna fama da rashin lafiya a kowace shekara, kuma an lura da watsa cutar sankarar bargo mai tsanani, lymphoma, melanoma da carcinoma daga uwa zuwa tayin.<ref name="Tolar2">{{cite journal|vauthors=Tolar J, Neglia JP|title=Transplacental and other routes of cancer transmission between individuals|journal=Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology|volume=25|issue=6|pages=430–4|date=June 2003|pmid=12794519|doi=10.1097/00043426-200306000-00002}}</ref> Ban da cututtukan da ba kasafai ake yadawa ba da ke faruwa tare da masu juna biyu da masu ba da gudummawar gabbai kaɗan kawai, ciwon daji gabadaya ba cuta ce mai yaduwa ba . Babban dalilin wannan shine kin amincewa da ƙwayar nama wanda rashin daidaituwa na MHC ya haifar. <ref name="Tolar">{{Cite journal}}</ref> A cikin mutane da sauran kasusuwa, tsarin rigakafi yana amfani da antigens na MHC don bambanta tsakanin "kai" da "wadanda ba na kai ba" saboda wadannan antigens sun bambanta da mutum zuwa mutum. Lokacin da aka ci karo da antigens wadanda ba na kansu ba, tsarin rigakafi yana amsawa da tantanin halitta da ya dace. Irin wadannan halayen na iya karewa daga kwayar kwayar cuta ta hanyar kawar da kwayoyin da aka dasa. == Genetics == [[Fayil:Familial_Adenomatous_Polyposes_colon_-2.jpg|thumb|Polyps masu yawa a cikin hanji na mutum tare da polyposis na adenomatous na iyali]] Kodayake akwai nau'ikan gado sama da 50 na Ciwon daji, ƙasa da 0.3% na yawan jama'a suna dauke da maye gurbin kwayar halitta mai alaƙa da ciwon daji kuma waɗannan sun zama ƙasa da 3-10% na duk lokuta na ciwon kansa.[1] Yawancin cututtukan daji ba na gado ba ne ("sporadic cancer"). Ciwon daji na gado ya samo asali ne daga lahani na kwayar halitta. Cutar ciwon daji ko ciwon daji na iyali cuta ce ta kwayar halitta wacce aka gada maye gurbin kwayar halitta a cikin kwayar halitta ɗaya ko fiye da haka ke haifar da mutanen da abin ya shafa ga ci gaban ciwon daji kuma yana iya haifar da farkon farkon farkon farkon waɗannan ciwon daji. Kodayake cututtukan ciwon daji suna nuna ƙarin haɗarin ciwon daji, haɗarin ya bambanta. Ga wasu daga cikin wadannan cututtukan, ciwon daji ba shine ainihin fasalin ba kuma sakamako ne mai ban mamaki. Yawancin cututtukan cutar kansa suna haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halitta masu hana kumburi waɗanda ke sarrafa ci gaban tantanin halitta. Sauran maye gurbin da aka saba amfani da su suna canza aikin kwayoyin halitta na gyaran DNA, oncogenes da kwayoyin halitta da ke cikin samar da jijiyoyin jini.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hodgson S |date=January 2008 |title=Mechanisms of inherited cancer susceptibility |journal=Journal of Zhejiang University Science B |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1631/jzus.B073001 |pmc=2170461 |pmid=18196605}}</ref> Wasu maye gurbin da aka gada a cikin kwayoyin ''BRCA1'' da ''BRCA2'' tare da haɗarin sama da 75% na ciwon nono da [[Ciwon Daji Na Mahaifa|Ciwon daji na ovarian]]. Wasu daga cikin cututtukan kwayar halitta da aka gada waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ciwon daji na colorectal sun haɗa da polyposis na iyali da kuma ciwon daji mai ban sha'awa; duk da haka, waɗannan suna wakiltar ƙasa da 5% na lokuta na ciwon daji. A lokuta da yawa, ana iya amfani da Gwajin kwayar halitta don gano kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes waɗanda aka wuce ta cikin tsararraki. === Ciwon daji === * Ataxia-telangiectasia * Cutar Bloom * BRCA1 da BRCA2 * Rashin jini na Fanconi * Adenomatous polyposis na iyali * Godiya ta nono da ciwon daji na ovarian * Ciwon daji na gado wanda ba shi da ma'ana * Ciwon Li-Fraumeni * Nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome * Cutar Von Hippel-Lindau * Ciwon Werner * Xeroderma pigmentosum == Genetics == [[Fayil:Familial_Adenomatous_Polyposes_colon_-2.jpg|thumb|Polyps masu yawa a cikin hanji na mutum tare da polyposis na adenomatous na iyali]] Kodayake akwai nau'ikan gado sama da 50 na Ciwon daji, ƙasa da 0.3% na yawan jama'a suna dauke da maye gurbin kwayar halitta mai alaƙa da ciwon daji kuma waɗannan sun zama ƙasa da 3-10% na duk lokuta na ciwon kansa.[1] Yawancin cututtukan daji ba na gado ba ne ("sporadic cancer"). Ciwon daji na gado ya samo asali ne daga lahani na kwayar halitta. Cutar ciwon daji ko ciwon daji na iyali cuta ce ta kwayar halitta wacce aka gada maye gurbin kwayar halitta a cikin kwayar halitta ɗaya ko fiye da haka ke haifar da mutanen da abin ya shafa ga ci gaban ciwon daji kuma yana iya haifar da farkon farkon farkon farkon waɗannan ciwon daji. Kodayake cututtukan ciwon daji suna nuna ƙarin haɗarin ciwon daji, haɗarin ya bambanta. Ga wasu daga cikin wadannan cututtukan, ciwon daji ba shine ainihin fasalin ba kuma sakamako ne mai ban mamaki. Yawancin cututtukan cutar kansa suna haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halitta masu hana kumburi waɗanda ke sarrafa ci gaban tantanin halitta. Sauran maye gurbin da aka saba amfani da su suna canza aikin kwayoyin halitta na gyaran DNA, oncogenes da kwayoyin halitta da ke cikin samar da jijiyoyin jini.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hodgson S |date=January 2008 |title=Mechanisms of inherited cancer susceptibility |journal=Journal of Zhejiang University Science B |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1631/jzus.B073001 |pmc=2170461 |pmid=18196605}}</ref> Wasu maye gurbin da aka gada a cikin kwayoyin ''BRCA1'' da ''BRCA2'' tare da haɗarin sama da 75% na ciwon nono da [[Ciwon Daji Na Mahaifa|Ciwon daji na ovarian]]. Wasu daga cikin cututtukan kwayar halitta da aka gada waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ciwon daji na colorectal sun haɗa da polyposis na iyali da kuma ciwon daji mai ban sha'awa; duk da haka, waɗannan suna wakiltar ƙasa da 5% na lokuta na ciwon daji. A lokuta da yawa, ana iya amfani da Gwajin kwayar halitta don gano kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes waɗanda aka wuce ta cikin tsararraki. === Ciwon daji === * Ataxia-telangiectasia * Cutar Bloom * BRCA1 da BRCA2 * Rashin jini na Fanconi * Adenomatous polyposis na iyali * Godiya ta nono da ciwon daji na ovarian * Ciwon daji na gado wanda ba shi da ma'ana * Ciwon Li-Fraumeni * Nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome * Cutar Von Hippel-Lindau * Ciwon Werner * Xeroderma pigmentosum == Hormones == [[Fayil:Breast_cancer_gross_appearance.jpg|thumb|Bayyanar Macroscopic na invasive ductal carcinoma na nono. Ciwon daji shine fararen fata, mai kama da crab a tsakiya, kewaye da al'ada, mai launin rawaya.]] Wasu hormones suna taka rawa a ci gaban ciwon daji ta hanyar inganta yaduwar sel.[1] Abubuwan da ke haifar da girma kamar insulin da sunadarai masu ɗaurewa suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ci gaban kwayar cutar kansa, bambanci da apoptosis, suna ba da shawarar yiwuwar shiga cikin carcinogenesis.[2] Hormones sune mahimman wakilai a cikin cututtukan da suka shafi jima'i kamar ciwon nono, endometrium, prostate, ovary, da testis, da kuma [[Ciwon daji Thyroid|Ciwon daji na thyroid]] da ciwon daji. Misali, 'ya'ya mata da ke fama da ciwon nono suna da matakan Estrogen da progesterone fiye da' ya'yan mata marasa ciwon nono. Wadannan matakan hormone mafi girma na iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa wadannan mata ke da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar mama, koda kuwa babu kwayar cutar kansar nono.<ref name="Henderson" /> Hakazalika, maza na asalin Afirka suna da matakan [[testosterone]] mafi girma fiye da maza na asalin Turai, kuma suna da matakin da ya fi girma na ciwon daji.<ref name="Henderson" /> Maza na asalin Asiya, tare da mafi ƙasƙanci na testosterone-activating androstanediol glucuronide, suna da mafi ƙas ƙasƙanci matakan [[Ciwon daji na prostate]].<ref name="Henderson" /> Sauran dalilai ma sun dace: mutane masu kiba suna da matakan mafi girma na wasu hormones da ke da alaƙa da ciwon daji da kuma mafi girman adadin waɗancan ciwon daji. Mata da ke shan maganin maye gurbin hormone suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa da ke da alaƙa da waɗancan hormones.<ref name="Henderson" /> A gefe guda, mutanen da ke motsa jiki fiye da matsakaici suna da ƙananan matakan waɗannan hormones, kuma suna da ƙananan haɗarin ciwon daji.<ref name="Henderson" /> [[Osteosarcoma]] na iya ingantawa ta hanyar hormones na girma.<ref name="Henderson" /> Wasu jiyya da hanyoyin rigakafi suna amfani da wannan dalili ta hanyar rage matakan hormone, don haka hana cututtukan daji masu saurin hormone. Saboda hormones na steroid sune direbobi masu karfi na bayyanar kwayar halitta a wasu sel na ciwon daji, canza matakan ko aikin wasu hormones na iya haifar da wasu ciwon daji su daina girma ko ma su fuskanci mutuwar sel. Wataƙila misali mafi ƙwarewa na maganin hormonal a cikin ilimin kankology shine amfani da zaɓi na estrogen-receptor modulator tamoxifen don maganin ciwon nono. Wani nau'in magungunan hormonal, aromatase inhibitors, yanzu suna da rawar da ke fadadawa a cikin maganin ciwon nono. == Manazarta == [[Category:Cutar daji]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rvjamgjydf0q6n6maylwzj1bfct15qh 0 30630 863249 429251 2026-06-21T15:24:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Subair Muritala Ali''' (an haife shi a kasar Najeriya) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya . Muritala a baya ya taka leda a jikin ɗin Mahindra United da Chirag United . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * https://web.archive.org/web/20110105101948/http://mohunbaganac.com/SEPT08/news_details.php?newsid=720 [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya]] erhlty9u7xssgczu8yg4mznj2ig4ezu 0 30646 863166 448882 2026-06-21T14:49:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Muhammed Kazaure Gudaji''' ɗan majalisar wakilan Najeriya ne mai wakiltar mazabar Kazaure, Roni, Gwiwa, Yankwashi na [[Jigawa|jihar Jigawa]]. Ya samu WASC a Sakandaren Gwamnati da ke Dala, [[Kano (jiha)|Jihar Kano]] a shekara ta 1994. Yana daya daga cikin fitattun wakilan majalisar wakilai a Najeriya. Ya ba da gudummawa da yawa a gida kamar tasirin 'yan fashi ya fi cutarwa fiye da novel Covid19 rashin amincewa da nadin Godwin Emefiele kuma inda ya ce a bar shi ya tura sojoji zuwa Sambisa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Latest News About Mohammed Gudaji Kazaure In Nigeria Today 25.06.2020|url=https://www.naijanews.com/topic/mohammed-gudaji-kazaure/|access-date=2020-06-25|website=Naija News|language=en-GB|archive-date=2023-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620060308/https://www.naijanews.com/topic/mohammed-gudaji-kazaure/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=nass>{{cite web|url= http://www.nass.gov.ng/mp/profile/681|title= Hon. Muhammed Kazaure Gudaji|access-date= April 20, 2018|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180421064908/http://www.nass.gov.ng/mp/profile/681|archive-date= April 21, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-18|title=Banditry more dangerous than coronavirus pandemic - Rep. Kazaure|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/06/banditry-more-dangerous-than-coronavirus-pandemic-reps-member/|access-date=2020-06-25|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Gudaji Kazaure news - latest breaking stories and top headlines|url=https://www.today.ng/topic/gudaji-kazaure|access-date=2020-06-25|website=TODAY|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629100150/https://www.today.ng/topic/gudaji-kazaure|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Gudaji Kazaure Archives|url=https://web.thecable.ng/tag/gudaji-kazaure|access-date=2020-06-25|website=TheCable|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625222527/https://web.thecable.ng/tag/gudaji-kazaure|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] fmp8pzw3f8vb6w8kt6str7oru086sx5 0 33421 863506 829801 2026-06-21T21:02:29Z Merjoor 14653 863506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sheikh Sibi''' (An haife shi ne a ranar 21 ga watan Fabrairu na shekarar 1998) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Gambia]] [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|wanda]] ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida/raga a ƙungiyar Serie C Italiya Virtus Verona da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Gambia. <ref name="soccerway">{{Soccerway|554642}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Sibi a Serekunda mahaifiyarsa 'yar Gambia ce kuma mahaifinsa ɗan Mauritaniya.<ref>Scorpions Profile-[[Sheikh Sibi]], Goal Keeper". Retrieved 22 October 2020.</ref> Ya bar Gambia yana da shekaru 16 da fatan yin hijira zuwa Turai. A cikin tafiya, ya ketare [[Sahara|hamadar Sahara]] ya isa [[Tripoli]], inda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai zane na tsawon watanni biyar. A watan Yulin 2015, ya haye Tekun Bahar Rum a cikin jirgin ruwa kuma ya isa tsibirin Lampedusa na Italiya.<ref>Sibi, che storia! "La mia speranza in un barcone. Ora il calcio a Verona". Retrieved 22 October 2020.</ref> == Aikin kulob/ƙungiya == Bayan zuwansa Italiya, an sanya Sibi zuwa Cibiyar liyafar Costagrande a Verona. Ba da daɗewa ba ya ƙaura zuwa Virtus Vita, ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wacce ke maraba da baƙi. Tun da Virtus Vita da Virtus Verona na kamfani ɗaya ne Vencomp, hakan ya taimaka wa Sibi ya ci gaba da wasan ƙwallon ƙafa.<ref>Fere, occhio a [[Sheikh Sibi]]: dal barcone alla Virtus Verona col mito di Buffon". Retrieved 22 October 2020.</ref> Sibi ya fara buga wasa a kulob din Virtus Verona a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2016 a gasar Seria D da ci 2-1 a hannun [[:it:Union Feltre Amateur Sports Society|Union Feltre]]. Ya buga wasansa na Seria C da ƙwararru a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2018 a ci 2-0 a hannun Fermana.<ref>Fermana vs. Virtus Verona-16 September 2018". Retrieved 22 October 2020.</ref> == Ayyukan kasa == Sibi ya sami kira da yawa daga tawagar ƙasar Gambia tun watan a Yuni 2019.<ref> [[Sheikh Sibi]]: dall'inferno del Mediterraneo al paradiso della Nazionale". Retrieved 22 October 2020.</ref> Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a duniya a ranar 29 ga Maris 2021 a wasan da suka doke DR Congo da ci 1-0.<ref>[[Sheikh Sibi]] gets heroic status after impressive Gambia debut". 30 March 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2021.</ref> == Kididdigar sana'a/aiki == === Ƙasashen Duniya === {{Updated|match played 12 October 2021}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Profile of Sheikh Sibi|url=https://www.besoccer.com/player/sibi-sheikh-682044|access-date=9 March 2022}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Fitowa da burin tawagar ƙasa da shekara ! Tawagar kasa ! Shekara ! Aikace-aikace ! Burin |- | rowspan="1" | Gambia | 2021 | 3 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimlar ! 3 ! 0 |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Sheikh Sibi at WorldFootball.net [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 9671w5g3mgvafluds6gzajh6r4lgmem 0 38483 863514 858906 2026-06-21T21:23:22Z Dan marayerh 45930 863514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:THE NORTH WESTERN STATE OF NIGERIA.pdf|thumb|Taswirar masarutar yammacin yankin]] Garin [[Gusau]] gari ne da aka kafa shi tun a shekara ta alif Dubu Daya da Dari Takwas da Goma sha Daya(1811), kimanin Shekara Dari Biyu da Goma sha Biyar kenan (215) da suka gabata, bayan tasowar garin daga ‘Yandoto a shekarar alif Dubu Daya da dari takwas da shida (1806). Garin Gusau yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan garuruwan tsohuwar Jihar Sakkwato kafin daga bisani ya zama babban birnin Jihar [[Zamfara]] a shekarar alif Dubu daya da dari tara da cassa'in da shida (1996). Kamar yadda kundin tarihin kasa na alif Dubu daya da dari Tara da ashirin (1920), ya nuna garin yana kan Titin Sakkwato zuwa Zariya ne kimanin kilomita 179, kilomita 210 tsakaninsa da [[Sakkwato]]. Daga Gabas garin Gusau ya yi iyaka da Jihar Katsina. Daga gabas ya yi iyaka da Kwatarkwashi, daga Arewa kuma ya yi iyaka da garin kaura namoda, a yayin da ya yi wata iyakar da garin Bunguɗu daga Yamma, a bangaren Kudu kuma ya yi iyaka da dansadau da kuma Tsafe. ==Wanda ya kafa garin Gusau== Almajirin Shehu [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Usmanu Dan Fodiyo]] da Sheikh Abdul salami ne wato Malam Sambo dan Ashafa Kuma bahaushene ya kafa garin Gusau wanda yake shi da Jama’arsa ba ruwansu da duk harkokin da suka shafi bautar iskokai ko tsafi irin wanda Hausawa ke yi kafin zuwan addinin [[Musulunci]], garin Gusau ba shi da tarihin jahiliya hakan,ne ya sa duk al’adun Gusawa al’adu ne irin na musulunci kuma shigowar wasu mutane wato baki a Gusau bai gurbata kyawawan al’adunsu ba don kuwa mafi yawan bakin da ke tahowa malamai ne na Musulunci da Almajirai [[Fulani|Hausawa]] da wasunsu da kan taho garin don tsira da [[Addini]]nsu da mutuncinsu da kuma dukiyarsu saboda gudun ta addancin Dan fodio dayafara bayan yafara kwadayin samun iko na mulki.A ɓangaren fada kuma duk umurnin da zai fito daga can zai kasance na dabara da abin da musulunci ya yarda da shi ne na kyawawan ɗabi’u da al’adu saboda duk kusan sarakunan da aka yi a garin Gusau Hausawane malamai ne na addinin musulunci. ==Masarautar Gusau== Masarautar Gusau, kamar yadda tarihi ya nuna ta kafu ne a shekara ta alif dari takwas da shida (1806) a hannun Malam [[Muhammadu dan Ashafa]], a wannan shekarar ne a birnin Gada Malam [[Muhammadu Bello]] dan [[Shehu Usmanu]], ya tsaga kasar [[Katsina]] biyu Gabas da Yamma gari saba’in saba’in tsakanin shi Malam Sambo din da kuma Malam [[Umarun Dallaje]], tun daga wannan lokaci ne kuma garin Gusau da masarautarsa suke ci gaba da bunkasa ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Kafin rasuwar Malam Sambo an yi wani lokaci da hedkwatar wannan masarauta ta koma garin Wonaka sakamakon rashin cikakken tsaro kuma a dalilin namun daji masu hadari, Sai bayan rasuwar Malam Sambo dansa Sarkin Katsina Malam Abdulkadir ya dawo da wannan hedkwatar a mazauninta na farko wato Gusau, a dai dai wannan lokaci ne kuma aka nada Sarkin Musulmi Atiku dan Shehu a lokacin da Malam Abdulkadir ya tafi mubaya’a sai ya labarta wa Amirul muminina wannan ci gaba da aka samu, shi kuma Sarkin Musulmi a nasa bangaren bai yi wata wata ba sai ya umurci Sarkin Zamfara Jibrin da Sarkin kaura Namoda da cewa su sa hannu a kewaye garin Gusau da ganuwa wanda a sakamakon wannan aiki ne garin a matsayinsa na hedkwatar masarautar ta sami kokofi guda tara (9) da suka hada da: kofar Kwatarkwashi, da kofar Katsaura da kofar Rawayya da kofar Jange da kofar Dogo da kofar Mani da kofar Tubani da kofar Koje da kuma kofar matsattsa. ==Tsarin Mulkin masarautar Gusau== A takaice dai garin Gusau yana da masarauta daya mai babban sarki, akwai kuma iyayen kasa goma sha hudu, ‘yan majalisar sarki goma sha takwas, sarautun fada kuma akwai kimanin dari da hudu, Garin yana da masallatan juma’a ashirin da uku yana da kananan makarantun boko guda sittin da hudu matsakaita guda arba’in da uku sannan akwai manyan makarantu guda hudu. Garin Gusau gari ne da yake da manyan kasuwanni guda uku yana kuma da kamfanoni na ‘yan kasuwa guda ashirin da bakwai akwai manyan malaman addinin Musulunci tsakanin rayayyu da wadanda suka rasu kimanin sittin da biyar. Daga lokacin da aka kafa wannan na garin Gusau an yi sarakuna kamar haka. *malam [[Sambo dan Ashafa]] (a shekara ta 1806- zuwa 1827) An yi sarakuna daga cikin zuri’arsa irin su. *Malam [[Abdulƙadir daga shekarar]] (1827-1867) *Malam [[Muhammadu Modibbo]] (1867 -1876) *Malam [[Muhammad Tuburi]] (1876-1887) *Malam [[Muhammadu Giɗe]] (1887-1900) *Malam [[Muhammadu Murtala]] (1900-1916) *Malam [[Muhammadu dangida]] (1916-1917). Waɗanda suka Yi sauratar Gusau ba daga gidan Malam sambo ba: *Malam [[Ummaru Malam]] (1917-1929) *Malam [[muhammadu mai'akwai]] (1929-1943) *Malam [[Usman ɗan sama'ila]] (1942-1945) *Malam [[Ibrahim marafa]] (1945-1948) *Malam [[Muhammadu sarkin kudu]] (1948-1951) *Alhaji [[Sulaimanu isah]] (1951-1984) Dawowar sarauta gida *Alhaji [[Muhammadu Kabir Ɗanbaba]] (1984-2015) *Alhaji [[Ibrahim Bello]] (2015-2025) *Alhaji [[Abdulkadir Ibrahim Bello na 2]] (2025 har zuwa yanzu?) ==Yiwa masarautar gyaran fuska== A shekara ta dubu biyu da uku 2003 da aka zabi Alhaji Ahmad Sani Yeriman Bakura gwamnan Jihar Zamfara shi ma ya kara sake fasalin majalisar, masarautar ta Gusau inda ta koma kamar haka. Daga karshe iyayen kasa kuma da suke karkashin wannan masarauta ta Gusau da ake kira Katsinan Gusau, sun hada da Galadima da Mayana da Madawaki da Magajin Sabon Gari da Baraden Tudun Wada da Sarkin Kudun Damba da Ubandoman wanke da Farimanan Magani da Sarkin Yakin Rijiya da Magajin Mada da Kogon Wonaka ta Yamma da Magajin Ruwan Baure.<ref>https://punchng.com/banditry-months-after-no-fly-order-fg-shuts-down-telecom-sites-in-zamfara/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwannah |first=Ifeanyi |date=2022-08-06 |title=Zamfara govt commends House of Assembly for passing Social Protection Bill into law |url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/08/06/zamfara-govt-commends-house-of-assembly-for-passing-social-protection-bill-into-law/ |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Manazarta== kxew1p1t2e1grijjzp10vqb0t49xwta 863580 863514 2026-06-22T00:06:41Z ~2026-34862-75 45938 863580 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:THE NORTH WESTERN STATE OF NIGERIA.pdf|thumb|Taswirar masarutar yammacin yankin]] Garin [[Gusau]] gari ne da aka kafa shi tun a shekara ta alif Dubu Daya da Dari Takwas da Goma sha Daya(1811), kimanin Shekara Dari Biyu da Goma sha Biyar kenan (215) da suka gabata, bayan tasowar garin daga ‘Yandoto a shekarar alif Dubu Daya da dari takwas da shida (1806). Garin Gusau yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan garuruwan tsohuwar Jihar Sakkwato kafin daga bisani ya zama babban birnin Jihar [[Zamfara]] a shekarar alif Dubu daya da dari tara da cassa'in da shida (1996). Kamar yadda kundin tarihin kasa na alif Dubu daya da dari Tara da ashirin (1920), ya nuna garin yana kan Titin Sakkwato zuwa Zariya ne kimanin kilomita 179, kilomita 210 tsakaninsa da [[Sakkwato]]. Daga Gabas garin Gusau ya yi iyaka da Jihar Katsina. Daga gabas ya yi iyaka da Kwatarkwashi, daga Arewa kuma ya yi iyaka da garin kaura namoda, a yayin da ya yi wata iyakar da garin Bunguɗu daga Yamma, a bangaren Kudu kuma ya yi iyaka da dansadau gari ne cikin karamar hukumr mulki Maru da kuma Tsafe duk a cikin jahar Zamfara. ==Wanda ya kafa garin Gusau== Almajirin Shehu [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Usmanu Dan Fodiyo]] da Sheikh Abdul salami ne wato Malam Sambo dan Ashafa Kuma bahaushene ya kafa garin Gusau wanda yake shi da Jama’arsa ba ruwansu da duk harkokin da suka shafi bautar iskokai ko tsafi irin wanda Hausawa ke yi kafin zuwan addinin [[Musulunci]], garin Gusau ba shi da tarihin jahiliya hakan,ne ya sa duk al’adun Gusawa al’adu ne irin na musulunci kuma shigowar wasu mutane wato baki a Gusau bai gurbata kyawawan al’adunsu ba don kuwa mafi yawan bakin da ke tahowa malamai ne na Musulunci da Almajirai [[Fulani|Hausawa]] da wasunsu da kan taho garin don tsira da [[Addini]]nsu da mutuncinsu da kuma dukiyarsu saboda gudun ta addancin Dan fodio dayafara bayan yafara kwadayin samun iko na mulki.A ɓangaren fada kuma duk umurnin da zai fito daga can zai kasance na dabara da abin da musulunci ya yarda da shi ne na kyawawan ɗabi’u da al’adu saboda duk kusan sarakunan da aka yi a garin Gusau Hausawane malamai ne na addinin musulunci. ==Masarautar Gusau== Masarautar Gusau, kamar yadda tarihi ya nuna ta kafu ne a shekara ta alif dari takwas da shida (1806) a hannun Malam [[Muhammadu dan Ashafa]], a wannan shekarar ne a birnin Gada Malam [[Muhammadu Bello]] dan [[Shehu Usmanu]], ya tsaga kasar [[Katsina]] biyu Gabas da Yamma gari saba’in saba’in tsakanin shi Malam Sambo din da kuma Malam [[Umarun Dallaje]], tun daga wannan lokaci ne kuma garin Gusau da masarautarsa suke ci gaba da bunkasa ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Kafin rasuwar Malam Sambo an yi wani lokaci da hedkwatar wannan masarauta ta koma garin Wonaka sakamakon rashin cikakken tsaro kuma a dalilin namun daji masu hadari, Sai bayan rasuwar Malam Sambo dansa Sarkin Katsina Malam Abdulkadir ya dawo da wannan hedkwatar a mazauninta na farko wato Gusau, a dai dai wannan lokaci ne kuma aka nada Sarkin Musulmi Atiku dan Shehu a lokacin da Malam Abdulkadir ya tafi mubaya’a sai ya labarta wa Amirul muminina wannan ci gaba da aka samu, shi kuma Sarkin Musulmi a nasa bangaren bai yi wata wata ba sai ya umurci Sarkin Zamfara Jibrin da Sarkin kaura Namoda da cewa su sa hannu a kewaye garin Gusau da ganuwa wanda a sakamakon wannan aiki ne garin a matsayinsa na hedkwatar masarautar ta sami kokofi guda tara (9) da suka hada da: kofar Kwatarkwashi, da kofar Katsaura da kofar Rawayya da kofar Jange da kofar Dogo da kofar Mani da kofar Tubani da kofar Koje da kuma kofar matsattsa. ==Tsarin Mulkin masarautar Gusau== A takaice dai garin Gusau yana da masarauta daya mai babban sarki, akwai kuma iyayen kasa goma sha hudu, ‘yan majalisar sarki goma sha takwas, sarautun fada kuma akwai kimanin dari da hudu, Garin yana da masallatan juma’a ashirin da uku yana da kananan makarantun boko guda sittin da hudu matsakaita guda arba’in da uku sannan akwai manyan makarantu guda hudu. Garin Gusau gari ne da yake da manyan kasuwanni guda uku yana kuma da kamfanoni na ‘yan kasuwa guda ashirin da bakwai akwai manyan malaman addinin Musulunci tsakanin rayayyu da wadanda suka rasu kimanin sittin da biyar. Daga lokacin da aka kafa wannan na garin Gusau an yi sarakuna kamar haka. *malam [[Sambo dan Ashafa]] (a shekara ta 1806- zuwa 1827) An yi sarakuna daga cikin zuri’arsa irin su. *Malam [[Abdulƙadir daga shekarar]] (1827-1867) *Malam [[Muhammadu Modibbo]] (1867 -1876) *Malam [[Muhammad Tuburi]] (1876-1887) *Malam [[Muhammadu Giɗe]] (1887-1900) *Malam [[Muhammadu Murtala]] (1900-1916) *Malam [[Muhammadu dangida]] (1916-1917). Waɗanda suka Yi sauratar Gusau ba daga gidan Malam sambo ba: *Malam [[Ummaru Malam]] (1917-1929) *Malam [[muhammadu mai'akwai]] (1929-1943) *Malam [[Usman ɗan sama'ila]] (1942-1945) *Malam [[Ibrahim marafa]] (1945-1948) *Malam [[Muhammadu sarkin kudu]] (1948-1951) *Alhaji [[Sulaimanu isah]] (1951-1984) Dawowar sarauta gida *Alhaji [[Muhammadu Kabir Ɗanbaba]] (1984-2015) *Alhaji [[Ibrahim Bello]] (2015-2025) *Alhaji [[Abdulkadir Ibrahim Bello na 2]] (2025 har zuwa yanzu?) ==Yiwa masarautar gyaran fuska== A shekara ta dubu biyu da uku 2003 da aka zabi Alhaji Ahmad Sani Yeriman Bakura gwamnan Jihar Zamfara shi ma ya kara sake fasalin majalisar, masarautar ta Gusau inda ta koma kamar haka. Daga karshe iyayen kasa kuma da suke karkashin wannan masarauta ta Gusau da ake kira Katsinan Gusau, sun hada da Galadima da Mayana da Madawaki da Magajin Sabon Gari da Baraden Tudun Wada da Sarkin Kudun Damba da Ubandoman wanke da Farimanan Magani da Sarkin Yakin Rijiya da Magajin Mada da Kogon Wonaka ta Yamma da Magajin Ruwan Baure.<ref>https://punchng.com/banditry-months-after-no-fly-order-fg-shuts-down-telecom-sites-in-zamfara/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwannah |first=Ifeanyi |date=2022-08-06 |title=Zamfara govt commends House of Assembly for passing Social Protection Bill into law |url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/08/06/zamfara-govt-commends-house-of-assembly-for-passing-social-protection-bill-into-law/ |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Manazarta== qmasuoeylmd3c33jtcik04drb7uv296 0 40575 862954 862542 2026-06-21T12:51:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 862954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Soldier_running_in_water.jpg|thumb| Gudun ruwa (aquarunning)]] [[File:MARIANA_DE_MELO.JPG|thumb| Horon nauyi]] '''Motsa jiki''' wani aiki ne na jiki wanda ke habaka ko kiyaye [[lafiyar jiki|lafiyar jiki,]] da [[lafiya]] da kuma lafiya gaba daya.<ref>Kylasov A, Gavrov S (2011). Diversity Of Sport: non-destructive evaluation. Paris: UNESCO: Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems. pp. 462–91. <nowiki>ISBN 978-5-89317-227-0</nowiki>.</ref> Ana yin shi don dalilai daban-daban, don taimakawa girma da hadaka karfi, hadaka tsokoki da tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kwarewar [[Wasanni|wasan motsa jiki]], asarar nauyi ko kiyayewa, inganta lafiya, ko kawai don jin dadi. Mutane da yawa sun zabi yin motsa jiki a waje inda za su iya taruwa cikin gungiyoyi, zamantakewa, da inganta walwala da lafiyar hankali.<ref>Deslandes A, Moraes H, Ferreira C, Veiga H, Silveira H, Mouta R, et al. (2009). "Exercise and mental health: many reasons to move". Neuropsychobiology. 59 (4): 191–198. doi:10.1159/000223730. <nowiki>PMID 19521110</nowiki>. S2CID 14580554.</ref> Dangane da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya, adadin shawarar motsa jiki ya dogara da manufa, nau'in motsa jiki, da shekarun mutum. Ko da yin karamin motsa jiki ya fi lafiya fiye da yin komai.<ref>"Exercise". UK NHS Live Well. 26 April 2018. Retrieved 13 November 2019.</ref> == Rabewa == [[File:US_Army_51673_aerobathon.jpg|thumb|280x280px| Wata mai koyar da motsa jiki a Amurka tana koyar da ajinta.]] Gabadayan motsa jiki an hada su zuwa nau'i uku, gwargwadon tasirin da suke da shi ga jikin dan adam:<ref name=":0">National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (June 2006). "Your Guide to Physical Activity and Your Heart" (PDF). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.</ref> * motsa jiki shine duk wani aikin jiki wanda ke amfani da manyan gungiyoyin tsoka kuma yana sa jiki yayi amfani da iskar oxygen fiye da yadda zai yi yayin hutawa. Manufar motsa jiki shine don kara karfin zuciya. Misalan motsa jiki sun hada da gudu, keke, ninkaya, tafiya mai karfi, tsallake igiya, tuki, yawo, rawa, wasan [[tennis]], ci gaba da horo, da gudu mai nisa.<ref name=":0" /> * Anaerobic exercise wanda ya hada da karfi da kuma juriya horo, iya, karfafa, da kuma kara tsoka taro, kazalika da inganta da yawa yawa, ma'auni, da daidaitawa. Misalan motsa jiki masu karfi sune tura-ups, ja-up, lunges, squats, latsa benci. Har ila yau, motsa jiki na anaerobic ya hada da horo na nauyi, horo na aiki, horo na eccentric, horo na tsaka-tsakin, sprinting, da kuma horo na tsawon lokaci mai tsanani wanda ke kara karfin tsoka na gajeren lokaci. * Motsa jiki yana mikewa da tsawaita tsokoki. Ayyuka irin su shimfidawa suna taimakawa wajen inganta sassaucin hadin gwiwa da kiyaye tsokoki. Manufar ita ce inganta yanayin motsi wanda zai iya rage yiwuwar rauni. Hakanan motsa jiki na iya hadaawa da horo wanda ke mai da hankali kan daidaito, karfin hali, karfi, da sauri. [[File:Ilham Aliyev viewed landscaping work carried out in Ramana settlement 21.jpg|thumb|Wannan motsa jiki ne]] Nau'in motsa jiki kuma za'a iya rarraba su azaman mai karfi ko a tsaye. Ayyukan motsa jiki na 'Dynamic' irin su tsayuwar gudu, suna haifar da raguwar hawan jini na diastolic yayin motsa jiki, saboda ingantacciyar jini. Akasin haka, motsa jiki na tsaye (kamar daukar nauyi) na iya haifar da matsin lamba na systolic ya tashi sosai, ko da yake na dan lokaci, yayin aikin motsa jiki.<ref>de Souza Nery S, Gomides RS, da Silva GV, de Moraes Forjaz CL, Mion D, Tinucci T (March 2010). "Intra-arterial blood pressure response in hypertensive subjects during low- and high-intensity resistance exercise". Clinics. 65 (3): 271–277. doi:10.1590/S1807-59322010000300006. PMC 2845767. <nowiki>PMID 20360917</nowiki>.</ref> == Exercise trends == Worldwide there has been a large shift toward less physically demanding work.<ref name="WHO2009">{{Cite web |title=WHO: Obesity and overweight |url=https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/publications/facts/obesity/en/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218104805/http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/publications/facts/obesity/en/ <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archive-date=18 December 2008 |access-date=10 January 2009 |website=World Health Organization}}</ref> This has been accompanied by increasing use of mechanized transportation, a greater prevalence of labor-saving technology in the home, and fewer active recreational pursuits.<ref name="WHO2009" /> Personal lifestyle changes, however, can correct the lack of physical exercise. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="Material near this tag needs references to reliable medical sources. (May 2022)">medical citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Binciken da aka buga a shekarar 2015 ya nuna cewa hada hankali a cikin motsa jiki yana kara bin motsa jiki da ingancin kai, kuma yana da sakamako mai kyau a cikin tunani da kuma ilimin jiki.[1]<gallery |gallery="" widths="150px" heights="150px" caption="Sports activities for exercising"> Fayil:Woman_running_barefoot_on_beach.jpg|Running helps in achieving [[Lafiyar jiki|physical fitness]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Running and jogging - health benefits |url=https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/running-and-jogging-health-benefits#goal-setting-for-running-and-jogging |website=Better Health |publisher=State of Victoria, Australia}}</ref> Fayil:Cruising_on_a_Board.jpg|alt=Skateboarding is good for cardiovascular health[better source needed]|Skateboarding is good for cardiovascular health.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2019 |title=5 Reasons Why Skateboarding Is Good Exercise |url=https://longboardingnation.com/reasons-skateboarding-good-exercise/ |access-date=6 July 2021 |website=Longboarding Nation |archive-date=24 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924100618/https://longboardingnation.com/reasons-skateboarding-good-exercise/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>  Fayil:IDHM_Wasserspringen_2018-02-18_3m_mixed_Vorkampf_Sprung_3_18.jpg|Swimming as an exercise tones muscles and builds strength.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swimming - health benefits |url=https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/swimming-health-benefits#health-benefits-of-swimming |website=Better Health |publisher=State of Victoria, Australia}}</ref> Fayil:2018_USA_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships_(40357948141).jpg|[[Wasannin Motsa Jiki|Athletics]] (ex. pole vault) as a form of exercise Fayil:Cristiano_Ronaldo_Iran_vs_Portugal.jpg|[[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|Football]] as an exercise </gallery> === Bambancin zamantakewa da al'adu === Yin motsa jiki ya bambanta a kowace ƙasa, kamar yadda motsa jiki ke yi.<ref name="Fitness for Foreigners">{{Cite web |date=19 January 2011 |title=Fitness for Foreigners |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/life/fitness/2011/01/fitness_for_foreigners.html |access-date=2026-04-01 |website=Slate}}</ref> A wasu ƙasashe, mutane suna motsa jiki da farko a cikin gida (kamar a gida ko kulob din kiwon lafiya), yayin da a wasu, mutane suna yin motsa jiki a waje. Mutane na iya motsa jiki don jin daɗin kansu, kiwon lafiya da jin daɗi, hulɗar zamantakewa, gasa ko horo, da dai sauransu. Wadannan bambance-bambance za a iya danganta su da dalilai da yawa ciki har da wurin ƙasa da yanayin zamantakewa. A Colombia, alal misali, 'yan ƙasa suna daraja da kuma murna da yanayin waje na ƙasarsu. A lokuta da yawa, suna amfani da ayyukan waje a matsayin tarurruka na zamantakewa don jin daɗin yanayi da al'ummominsu. A Bogotá, Colombia, ana rufe hanyar da ke da nisan kilomita 70 da aka sani da Ciclovía kowace Lahadi don masu tuka keke, masu gudu, masu tuka keke da sauran masu motsa jiki don yin aiki da jin daɗin kewayenta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 June 2008 |title=Car-Free Streets, a Colombian Export, Inspire Debate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/24/nyregion/24streets.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427180825/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/24/nyregion/24streets.html |archive-date=27 April 2021 |access-date=1 January 2022 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> Hakazalika da Colombia, 'yan ƙasa na Kambodiya suna yin motsa jiki a waje. A cikin wannan ƙasar, wuraren motsa jiki na jama'a sun zama sanannun. Mutane za su taru a waɗannan wuraren motsa jiki na waje ba kawai don amfani da wuraren jama'a ba, har ma da shirya wasan motsa jiki da rawa, waɗanda ke buɗewa ga jama'a.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gyms |url=https://www.travelfish.org/sight_profile/cambodia/phnom_penh_and_surrounds/phnom_penh/phnom_penh/2235 |access-date=8 December 2016 |website=Travel Fish}}</ref> Sweden kuma ta fara bunkasa wuraren motsa jiki na waje, wanda ake kira ''utegym'' . Wadannan wuraren motsa jiki kyauta ne ga jama'a kuma galibi ana sanya su a cikin kyawawan wurare masu kyau. Mutane za su yi iyo a cikin koguna, su yi amfani da jiragen ruwa, kuma su yi gudu a cikin gandun daji don su kasance lafiya kuma su ji daɗin duniyar da ke kewaye da su. Wannan yana aiki sosai a Sweden saboda wurin da yake.<ref>{{Cite web |title=When in Sweden...making the most of the great outdoors! |url=http://www.stockholmonashoestring.com/when-in-sweden-making-the-most-of-the-great-outdoors/ |access-date=5 December 2016 |website=Stockholm on a Shoestring}}</ref> Yin motsa jiki a wasu yankuna na kasar Sin, musamman tsakanin wadanda suka yi ritaya, da alama yana da tushe ga jama'a. Da safe, ana gudanar da raye-raye a wuraren shakatawa na jama'a; waɗannan tarurruka na iya haɗawa da rawa na Latin, rawa na ballroom, tango, ko ma jitterbug. Yin rawa a cikin jama'a yana bawa mutane damar yin hulɗa da waɗanda ba za su yi hulɗa da su ba, suna ba da damar lafiyar jiki da fa'idodin zamantakewa. Wadannan bambance-bambance na zamantakewa da al'adu a cikin motsa jiki suna nuna yadda mutane a wurare daban-daban da yanayin zamantakewa suna da dalilai daban-daban na motsa jiki da hanyoyin motsa jiki. Jiki na jiki na iya inganta kiwon lafiya da jin daɗi, da kuma inganta dangantakar al'umma da godiya ga kyawawan dabi'u.<ref name="Fitness for Foreigners"/> Biya ko kasancewa daidai da shirin motsa jiki na iya zama ƙalubale ga mutane da yawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=MacDonald |first=Christopher |last2=Bennekou |first2=Mia |last3=Midtgaard |first3=Julie |last4=Langberg |first4=Hennig |last5=Lieberman |first5=Daniel |date=2024-11-27 |title=Why exercise may never be effective medicine: an evolutionary perspective on the efficacy versus effectiveness of exercise in treating type 2 diabetes |url=https://researchprofiles.ku.dk/da/publications/424a8d7d-4c2f-493b-9fd9-91fb1892f858 |journal=British Journal of Sports Medicine |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=bjsports–2024–108396 |doi=10.1136/bjsports-2024-108396 |issn=1473-0480 |pmid=39603793}}</ref> Bincike ya gano dalilai daban-daban da yawa. Wasu dalilai sun haɗa da dalilin da ya sa mutum ke motsa jiki (misali, kiwon lafiya, zamantakewa), waɗanne nau'ikan motsa jiki ko kuma yadda aka tsara shirin motsa jiki, ko masu sana'a suna da hannu a cikin shirin, ilimi da ke da alaƙa da motsa jiki da kiwon lafiya، saka idanu da ci gaban da aka yi a cikin shirin motsa jiki.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Collado-Mateo |first=Daniel |last2=Lavín-Pérez |first2=Ana Myriam |last3=Peñacoba |first3=Cecilia |last4=Del Coso |first4=Juan |last5=Leyton-Román |first5=Marta |last6=Luque-Casado |first6=Antonio |last7=Gasque |first7=Pablo |last8=Fernández-Del-Olmo |first8=Miguel Ángel |last9=Amado-Alonso |first9=Diana |date=2021-02-19 |title=Key Factors Associated with Adherence to Physical Exercise in Patients with Chronic Diseases and Older Adults: An Umbrella Review |journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |volume=18 |issue=4 |page=2023 |doi=10.3390/ijerph18042023 |issn=1660-4601 |pmc=7922504 |pmid=33669679 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5fy3j2lpvn12fslkgoj6qwyj1ox0znf 0 41001 862915 578208 2026-06-21T12:38:46Z Engineer014 44591 862915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:A sunset on the Mediterranean sea, Pigeon Rocks, Beirut, Lebanon.jpg|thumb|kogin bahar rum]] [[Fayil:Les Aresquiers, Frontignan.jpg|thumb|kogin bahar rum]] '''Tekun Bahar Rum teku''' [[Teku|ne]] da ke da alaƙa da [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]], Basin Bahar Rum ya kewaye shi kuma kusan an rufe shi da ƙasa: a arewa ta yamma da Kudancin Turai da Anatoliya, a kudu ta arewacin Afirka, a gabas kuma ta Levant. Tekun ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin wayewar Yammacin Turai. Shaidar Geological ta nuna cewa kusan &nbsp;shekaru miliyan biyar da digo Tara (5.9) da suka gabata, an yanke Tekun Bahar Rum daga Tekun Atlantika kuma an yanke shi a wani ɓangare ko gaba daya a cikin shekaru kusan dubu Dayton (600,000) a lokacin rikicin salinity na Messin kafin ambaliyar Zanclean ta cika kusan shekaru 5.3 miliyan da suka wuce. [[Fayil:Mediterranean Sea 16.61811E 38.99124N.jpg|thumb|kogin bahar rum]] Tekun Bahar Rum ya ƙunshi yanki kusan {{Convert|2500000|km2|sqmi}} ,<ref>Boxer, Baruch. "Mediterranean Sea". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 23 October 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)</ref> yana wakiltar kashi 0.7% na saman tekun duniya, amma haɗinsa zuwa Tekun Atlantika ta mashigin Gibraltar-mashigin da ke haɗa Tekun Atlantika zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum kuma ya raba yankin Iberian Peninsula a [[Turai]] da [[Moroko|Maroko]] a [[Afirka]]. kawai {{Convert|14|km|mi|0}} fadi. Tekun Bahar Rum ya ƙunshi tsibirai da yawa, wasu daga cikinsu sun fito ne daga dutsen mai aman wuta. Manyan tsibirai biyu masu nisa sune [[Sisiliya|Sicily]] da [[Sardiniya|Sardinia]]. [[File:Mediterranean Sea & Bonifacio (10498359774).jpg|thumb|Bahar Rum]] Tekun Bahar Rum yana da matsakaicin zurfin zurfin {{Convert|1500|m|ft}} kuma mafi zurfin da aka rubuta shine {{Convert|5109|m|ft}} ± {{Convert|1|m|ft|0}} a cikin Calypso Deep a cikin Tekun Ionian. Ya ta'allaka ne tsakanin latitudes 30° da 46° N da longitudes 6° W da 36° E. Tsawonsa daga yamma–gabas, daga mashigin Gibraltar zuwa mashigin tekun Alexandretta, a kudu maso gabashin gabar tekun [[Turkiyya]], yana da kusan kilomita {{Convert|4000|km|}} . Tsawon arewa-kudu ya bambanta sosai tsakanin mabambantan gaɓar teku da ko madaidaicin hanyoyi ne kawai ake la'akari. Har ila yau, ciki har da sauye-sauye na tsayin daka, mafi guntuwar hanyar jigilar kayayyaki tsakanin Tekun Trieste na kasa da kasa da gabar da tekun Libya na Gulf of Sidra kusan kilomita {{Convert|1900|km|}} . Yanayin ruwa yana da sauƙi a cikin hunturu kuma yana dumi a lokacin rani kuma suna ba da suna ga nau'in yanayi na Mediterranean saboda yawancin hazo yana fadowa a cikin watanni masu sanyi. Gabashin ta na kudanci da gabas suna cike da hamada masu zafi da ba su da nisa a cikin kasa, amma gabar tekun nan da nan a dukkan bangarorin Tekun Bahar Rum na da nasaba da daidaita yanayin teku. [[File:Средиземное море у берегов Ливии.jpg|thumb|Tekun Bahar Rum]] Tekun dai wata hanya ce mai muhimmanci ga 'yan kasuwa da matafiya na zamanin da, wanda ke saukaka kasuwanci da musayar al'adu tsakanin al'ummomin yankin. Tarihin yankin Bahar Rum yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar asali da ci gaban yawancin al'ummomin zamani. Daular Roma ta kasance tana da ikon mallakar ruwa a cikin teku tsawon ƙarni. Ƙasashen da ke kewaye da Tekun Bahar Rum bisa agogon hannu su ne [[Ispaniya|Spain]], [[Faransa]], [[Monaco]], [[Italiya]], [[Sloveniya|Slovenia]], [[Kroatiya|Croatia]], [[Bosnia da Herzegovina|Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Montenegro]], [[Albaniya|Albania]], [[Girka (ƙasa)|Greece]], [[Turkiyya|Turkey]], [[Siriya|Syria]], [[Lebanon]], [[Isra'ila|Israel]], [[State of Palestine|Palestine]], [[Misra|Egypt]], [[Libya]], [[Tunisiya|Tunisia]], [[Aljeriya|Algeria]], da kuma [[Moroko|Maroko]]; [[Malta]] da [[Cyprus]] kasashe tsibiri ne a cikin teku. Bugu da ƙari, yankin [[Arewacin Cyprus]] da ake jayayya, da wasu abubuwan ban mamaki, musamman [[Gibraltar]] da Ceuta, suna da bakin teku a kan teku. [[Alexandria|Iskandariya]] ita ce mafi girma mazaunin bakin teku. Ruwan magudanan ruwa ya ƙunshi wasu ƙasashe masu yawa, [[Nil|kogin Nilu]] shine kogin mafi tsayi da ke ƙarewa a Tekun Bahar Rum. == Tarihi == === Wayewar da === [[File:AntikeGriechen1.jpg|thumb| Girkanci (ja) da Phoenician (rawaya) mazauna a zamanin da c. karni na 6 BC]] [[File:Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png|thumb| Daular Roma a mafi nisa a cikin AD 117]] Manyan tsoffin civilization sun kasance a kusa da Bahar Rum. Tekun ya ba da hanyoyin kasuwanci, mulkin mallaka, da yaƙi, da kuma abinci (daga kamun kifi da tattara sauran abincin teku) ga al'ummomi da yawa a tsawon shekaru.<ref>David Abulafia (2011). The Great Sea: A Human History of the Mediterranean. Oxford University Press.</ref> Mafi shaharar wayewar Bahar Rum a zamanin da na gargajiya sune jihohin birnin Girka, Farisa da Phoenicians, waɗanda dukkansu suka mamaye gabar tekun Bahar Rum. Darius I na Farisa, wanda ya ci Masar ta dā, ya gina magudanar ruwa da ke haɗa Tekun Bahar Rum da Bahar Maliya. Magudanar Dariyus tana da faɗin isa ga triremes biyu su wuce juna tare da tsawaita tsawaitawa, kuma yana buƙatar kwanaki huɗu don wucewa. <ref>Rappoport, S. (Doctor of Philosophy, Basel). </ref> Daga baya, lokacin da [[Augustus]] ya kafa daular Roma, Romawa suna kiran Bahar Rum a matsayin ''Mare Nostrum'' ("Tekunmu"). A cikin shekaru 400 masu zuwa, Daular Roma ta mallaki Tekun Bahar Rum gaba ɗaya da kusan dukkan yankunan bakin teku daga Gibraltar zuwa Levant.<ref>Rappoport, S. (Doctor of Philosophy, Basel). History of Egypt (undated, early 20th century), Volume 12, Part B, Chapter V: "The Waterways of Egypt", pp. 248–257 (online). London: The Grolier Society.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2019, ƙungiyar ƙwararrun kayan tarihi daga Cibiyar Binciken Ruwa ta Jami'ar Akdeniz (UA) ta bayyana wani hatsarin jirgin ruwa tun shekaru dubu uku da dari shida (3,600) a tekun Bahar Rum a [[Turkiyya]]. Tan 1.5 na tagulla da aka samu a cikin jirgin an yi amfani da su wajen kimanta shekarunsa. == Zamanin Tsakiya da Dauloli == Daular Rum ta Yamma ta ruguje a kusan shekara ta 476 AD. Gabas ta sake zama mai iko yayin da ikon Romawa ya ci gaba da wanzuwa a Daular Byzantine da aka kafa a ƙarni na 4 daga gabashin rabin Daular Romawa. A wannan lokacin, wani iko ya taso a ƙarni na 7, kuma tare da shi addinin Musulunci, wanda nan da nan ya ratsa daga gabas; a mafi girman matakinsa, Larabawa, a ƙarƙashin Umayyawa, sun mallaki Yankin Iberian, suna yin sabon mataki na fasaha da al'adu a yankin. Tashar jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa na Genoa a farkon ƙarni na 14, ta Quinto Cenni An gabatar da nau'ikan abinci, kayan ƙanshi da amfanin gona iri-iri zuwa Spain da Sicily na yammacin Bahar Rum a lokacin mulkin Larabawa, ta hanyar hanyoyin kasuwanci na duniyar Musulunci. Waɗannan sun haɗa da rake, shinkafa, auduga, alfalfa, lemu, lemun tsami, apricots, alayyafo, eggplant, karas, saffron da ayaba. Larabawa sun ci gaba da noma da samar da man zaitun mai yawa (kalmomin Sifaniyanci na 'mai' da 'zaitun'—aceite da aceituna, bi da bi—an samo su ne daga al-zait na Larabci, ma'ana 'ruwan zaitun'),[43] da rumman (alamar heraldic ta Granada) daga zamanin Girka da Romawa na gargajiya. Mamaye-mamayen Larabawa sun kawo cikas ga dangantakar kasuwanci tsakanin Yammacin Turai da Gabashin Turai yayin da suka kawo cikas ga hanyoyin kasuwanci da Daular Gabashin Asiya. Duk da haka, wannan ya haifar da tasirin da ba a kai tsaye ba na haɓaka ciniki a faɗin Tekun Caspian. An sake tura fitar da hatsi daga Masar zuwa duniyar Gabas. An ɗauki kayayyaki daga daular Gabashin Asiya, kamar siliki da kayan ƙanshi, daga Masar zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa kamar Venice da Constantinople ta hanyar matuƙan jiragen ruwa da 'yan kasuwa Yahudawa. Harin Viking ya ƙara kawo cikas ga cinikin yammacin Turai kuma ya dakatar da shi. Duk da haka, Norsemen sun haɓaka cinikin daga Norway zuwa White Sea, yayin da kuma suka yi ciniki da kayayyaki masu tsada daga Spain da Bahar Rum. Byzantines a tsakiyar ƙarni na 8 sun sake mallakar yankin da ke kewaye da yankin arewa maso gabashin Bahar Rum. Jiragen ruwan Venetian daga ƙarni na 9 sun yi amfani da makamai don magance cin zarafin da Larabawa ke yi musu yayin da suke mai da hankali kan cinikin kayayyakin Asiya a Venice. Yaƙin Lepanto, 1571, ya ƙare da nasara ga Ƙungiyar Alfarma ta Turai a kan Turkawa ta Ottoman. Fatimids sun ci gaba da hulɗar kasuwanci da biranen Italiya kamar Amalfi da Genoa kafin Yaƙin Crusades, a cewar takardun Cairo Geniza. Wata takarda mai kwanan wata 996 ta ambaci 'yan kasuwar Amalfian da ke zaune a Alkahira. Wata wasiƙa ta bayyana cewa Genoese sun yi ciniki da Alexandria. Khalifan al-Mustansir ya ba 'yan kasuwar Amalfian damar zama a Urushalima kimanin 1060 maimakon gidan kula da Latin. Yaƙin Crusades ya haifar da bunƙasa ciniki tsakanin Turai da yankin da ke wajen ƙasar. Genoa, Venice da Pisa sun ƙirƙiri yankunan da 'yan Crusades ke iko da su kuma suka zo suka mallaki cinikin da ke tsakanin Gabas. Waɗannan yankunan kuma sun ba su damar yin ciniki da Gabas. Duk da cewa faɗuwar ƙasashen Crusades da yunƙurin hana hulɗa da ƙasashen Musulmi da Paparoma suka yi, sun kawo cikas ga cinikin da ke tsakanin Gabas na ɗan lokaci, duk da haka, ya ci gaba. Duk da haka, Turai ta fara farfaɗowa lokacin da aka sami tsakiyar ikon gwamnati a hankali a lokacin Renaissance na ƙarni na 12. Rundunar sojojin Anglo-Holland ta kai hari kan Algiers don tallafawa wa'adin sakin bayin Turai, Agusta 1816 Ƙarfin Ottoman da ke Anatolia ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa, kuma a cikin 1453 ya kawar da Daular Byzantine tare da cin nasarar Constantinople. Hayreddin Barbarossa, kyaftin ɗin Ottoman alama ce ta wannan mamayar tare da nasarar Yaƙin Preveza (1538), wanda ya buɗe Tripoli da gabashin Bahar Rum ga mulkin Ottoman. Yayin da ƙarfin sojojin ruwa na ƙasashen Turai ya ƙaru, sun fuskanci faɗaɗa Ottoman a yankin lokacin da Yaƙin Lepanto (1571) ya lalata ƙarfin Sojojin Ruwa na Ottoman. Wannan shine yaƙin ruwa na ƙarshe da aka yi tsakanin jiragen ruwa. 'Yan fashin teku na Barbary na Arewa maso Yammacin Afirka sun yi farautar jiragen ruwa na Kirista da bakin teku a Tekun Bahar Rum ta Yamma. A cewar Robert Davis, daga ƙarni na 16 zuwa na 19, 'yan fashin teku sun kama Turawa miliyan 1 zuwa 1.25 a matsayin bayi. Ci gaban jigilar jiragen ruwa a teku ya fara shafar dukkan Bahar Rum. A da, yawancin cinikin da ke tsakanin Yammacin Turai da Gabas yana ratsa yankin, amma bayan shekarun 1490, haɓaka hanyar teku zuwa Tekun Indiya ya ba da damar shigo da kayan ƙanshi na Asiya da sauran kayayyaki ta tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Atlantika na yammacin Turai. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Porto_ancona.jpg|Tashar jirgin Ruwa ta Ancona daga Tekun File:Tarifa_Plazuela_del_Viento2004.jpg|Tekun daga Tarifa (Spain) </gallery> == Manazarta == [[Category:Webarchive template wayback links]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gkm3a3kobaiw16eazfepqok1yff0nt3 0 42382 863157 718359 2026-06-21T14:34:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863157 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Mohammed_zidan.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Muhammad Zidan]] '''Mohamed Abdallah Muhammad Zidan''' ( {{Lang-ar|محمد عبد الله محمد زيدان}} ) (An haife shi a ranar 11 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 1981), wanda aka fi sani da '''Mohamed Zidan''', ƙwararren [[Ƙungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Masar mai ritaya wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aiki === An haifi Mohamed Zidan a Port Said, Masar, ga dangin Masar. Aikinsa ya fara ne a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba ga kulob ɗin El Masry na garinsu a shekarar 1998.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.autogramm-archiv.de/spieler/zidan-mohamed.htm | title = Autogramm-Archiv profile | language = de | access-date = 7 May 2011 | publisher = autogramm-archiv.de | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110718144801/http://www.autogramm-archiv.de/spieler/zidan-mohamed.htm | archive-date = 18 July 2011 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Al-Masry ya ajiye Zidan ne saboda rashin iya wucewa da ya kai iyalinsa zuwa Denmark. A cikin shekararsa ta farko a Denmark, yayin da yake atisaye da B93 kan kwantiragi, ya buga wasanni kaɗan a kulob ɗin Danish-Turkish FC Anatolien, yanzu Kokkedal BK, a Nivå a Arewacin Zealand. Kulob ɗin Danish Superliga Akademisk Boldklub (AB) ne ya leko Zidan a lokacin da yake juggling ƙwallo a wurin shakatawa na Danish a shekarar 1999. A cikin watan Yunin 2003, ya koma fafatawa a gasar FC Midtjylland (FCM), kamar yadda AB ya fuskanci matsalar kudi. A FCM, ya zama babban mai zura ƙwallaye a gasar a kakar 2003–04, kuma an ba shi kyautar Rookie na shekara, ya zama dan wasa na shekara a kakar wasa ta gaba. Gabaɗaya, ya zira kwallaye 30 a wasanni 47 da ya buga wa FC Midtjylland,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zidan-for-egypt.com/index.php?site=career |title=Career |publisher=Zidan-for-Egypt.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060720174510/http://www.zidan-for-egypt.com/index.php?site=career |archive-date=20 July 2006 }}</ref> musamman ma kwallaye tara<ref>{{cite web | first = Islam | last = Issa | url = http://egyptianplayers.com/Zidan/articles-zidan118.htm | title = Zuper Zidan Did it Again! | access-date = 7 May 2011 | publisher = egyptianplayers.com | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110710173206/http://egyptianplayers.com/Zidan/articles-zidan118.htm | archive-date = 10 July 2011 | df = dmy-all }}</ref> a cikin wasanni uku na farko na sabon filin wasa na FCM da aka gina SAS Arena, ya sanya filin wasan da ake kira "Zidan Arena".<ref>{{cite news | first = Peter | last = Nielsen | title =Zidan-show på heden | publisher =[[Jyllands-Posten]] | date = 30 August 2004 | language = da}}</ref> === Werder Bremen da Mainz 05 === Ayyukan Zidan a gasar Danish League ya haifar da manyan kungiyoyin Turai da dama suna sha'awar sayen dan wasan. A cikin hutun hunturu na kakar 2004-2005, ƙungiyar Jamus Werder Bremen ta ba shi aro don ragowar 2004-2005, tare da zaɓi don siye a lokacin rani. A lokacin rani na shekarar 2005 Werder ya saye shi akan farashin da aka yi imanin ya kai kusan Yuro miliyan 3.5. A ranar 31 ga Agustan 2005, an ba da Zidan aro zuwa Mainz don kakar 2005–2006 . Ya ci gaba da zura kwallaye tara a wasanni 26, bakwai a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin Mainz.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://soccernet.espn.go.com/players/stats?id=10203&cc=3888 |title = Mohamed Zidan |work = [[ESPN Soccernet]] |access-date = 7 May 2011 |archive-date = 26 August 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090826075537/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/players/stats?id=10203&cc=3888 |url-status = dead }}</ref> A cikin wasannin sada zumunci na 2006-2007 pre-season, ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da Werder Bremen, yana farawa shida daga cikin wasanni bakwai da ya buga kuma ya zira kwallaye hudu. Kwallon da Zidan ya yi a wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar DFB-Ligapokal ta 2006 da Hamburger SV a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan 2006, ciki har da zura kwallo a raga a minti na 50, ya ba shi kyautar gwarzon dan wasa tare da tabbatar wa kulob dinsa damar zuwa gasar cin kofin.<ref>{{Cite web | first = Hatem | last = Maher | url = http://worldcup.filbalad.com/english/News.asp?NewsID=26286 | title = Zidan scores as Bremen reach League Cup final | publisher = FilBalad.com | date = 2 August 2006 | access-date = 7 May 2011 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071113150614/http://worldcup.filbalad.com/english/News.asp?NewsID=26286 | archive-date = 13 November 2007 | df = dmy-all }}</ref> Duk da haka, bayan raunin raunin da ya faru, Zidan yana kan samun ƙarshen lokacin wasa. Bayan watanni na hasashe, bayan ƙarancin lokacin wasa da raunin da ya faru, Werder Bremen ya sanar a ranar 16 ga Janairu 2007 cewa Zidan za a canja shi zuwa Mainz a kan rahoton kuɗi na Euro miliyan 2.8, wanda ya sa ya zama mafi girma da aka taɓa saya a tarihin kulob din. Ya rasu a ranar 17 ga Janairu, 2007. Ya zira kwallaye shida a wasanni 5 na farko tare da sabon kulob dinsa, wanda ya jagoranci kungiyar daga karshe, zuwa matsayi na 10 a ranar 1 ga Maris 2007 da maki 27. Kwararren dan kasar Masar ya kuma samu kashi 50% na kuri'un da mujallar Kicker ta fitar, kuma ya samu lakabin "Dan wasan watan" a watan Fabrairu a Jamus, yayin da Mainz ya zama "Team of the Month" a gasar Bundesliga ta Jamus. [[Fayil:Solenidades. Homenagens (16100939457).jpg|thumb|Muhammad Zidan a cikin taro]] Magoya bayan Mainz na son Zidan tun lokacin da ya yi lamuni da jar rigar da ya yi nasarar ba su basira da basirarsa da burinsa. Mafi shaharar baje kolin hazaka shi ne wasan da suka yi da [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]] a lokacin kakar 2005–06. Zidan ya samu kyautar gwarzon dan wasa lokacin da ya zura kwallo a ragar Philipp Lahm kuma ya ci Oliver Kahn . Yayin da aka ba Mainz aro, Zidan ya zura kwallo a ragar kulob din da aka yi masa kwangilar, Werder Bremen, cikin dakika 14. Wannan ya nuna a matsayin kwallo mafi sauri da aka zura a raga a kakar wasan Bundesliga kuma tana matsayi na shida a matsayin wanda ya fi saurin zura kwallaye a tarihin Bundesliga. A wata hira da Bild a Jamus, Zidan ya yarda cewa yana da babban buri kuma yana da burin taka leda a ko dai " [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]], [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]], [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] ko [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] ". Ya bayyana cewa yana so ya yi wasa da [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] a cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa don yin wasa tare da dan wasan Brazil [[Ronaldinho]] ko [[Liverpool]] don yin wasa tare da [[Steven Gerrard]] . A lokacin kakar 2007 Zidan ya ba da gudummawar kwallaye masu ban sha'awa, amma ya kasa ceto Mainz daga faduwa. Kulob din ya samu nasarar zura kwallaye 34 ne kawai a kakar wasa ta bana, 13 daga cikinsu, duk da bai wuce rabin kakar wasa ba, sun fito ne daga kafar dan wasan gaban Masar. Abin baƙin cikin shine ƙwazon aiki na Zidan da gudunmawar solo mai kima bai wadatar ba don hana Mainz daga zurfin yanke ƙauna na sake komawa rukuni na biyu. Duk da haka, an lura da aikin Zidan ta yawan manyan kungiyoyin da aka kafa a Spain, Faransa da Ingila da kuma zakarun Jamus VfB Stuttgart . == Manazarta == <references responsive="1"></references> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Official website|http://www.zidaneg.com}} * {{YouTube|IAOqdw4LMLw}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060902140941/http://www.egyptianplayers.com/Zidan/MohamedZidan-page.htm EgyptianPlayers news items] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080228224800/http://www.socceregypt.com/socceregypt/socceregypt.php/2006/04/24/egyptian_player_abroad_playeras_profile SoccerEgypt profile] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040823000330/http://resol.dr.dk/sportservice_person.aspx?personid=319846 Danish career statistics] at Danmarks Radio {{In lang|da}} * Mohamed Zidan at fussballdaten.de (in German) [[Category:Haifaffun 1981]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] o506cyt5gz4gtdqvpvqp2gsjzy035aq 0 43369 863414 450862 2026-06-21T18:09:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|Nafissa Souleymane}} '''Nafissa Souleymane''' (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 1992 a [[Tahoua (gari)|Tahoua]]) ƴar wasan tseren [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar ce]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120722170112/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/souleymane-nafissa-1105149/</ref> Ta shiga gasar tseren mita 100 a gasar Olympics ta lokacin zafi ta 2012; ta gudanar da zaɓukan share fage a cikin daƙiƙa 12.81, wanda bai kai ta zagaye na 1 ba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athletics/event/women-100m/phase=atw001p00/index.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2012-12-05 |archive-date=2012-10-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030063137/http://www.london2012.com/athletics/event/women-100m/phase=atw001p00/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1992]] 9gh85x6dw7jnembtei6limi143ei07d 0 44161 863829 862609 2026-06-22T11:47:10Z Aisha Indo 46229 An kirkira ta fassara "Career" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352090584|Ololade Ebong]]" 863829 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Ololade Tijani Ebong''' mai shirya fina-finai ne na [[Nollywood]], darektan kuma mai daukar hoto. Ita ce Babban Darakta na Speed Films Productions Ltd kuma kwakwalwa ce a bayan Speed Films App. Ta sami yabo daban-daban, ciki har da WorldFest- Houston International Film Festival a matsayin darektan da ya lashe gasar a 2023 da sauran zabuka da yawa a duniya da Afirka. An zaɓi fim dinta, The Diary of Bolanle a bikin gajeren fina-finai na Cannes na 2018 a Faransa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Festival |first=Cannes Short Film |title=Cannes Short Film Festival {{!}} International Indie Short Filmmaking |url=https://cannes-shorts.com/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=cannes-shorts.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa ta farko da ilimi == Ololade ta girma a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] kuma ta sami digiri na farko a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]], [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]] . Bayan haka, ta kuma yi karatun Cinematography a Kwalejin Fim ta New York . == Ayyuka == Ololade ta ci gaba da sha'awar fim bayan ta shiga cikin wani bita na filin aiki a Cibiyar Fim ta Kasa a [[Jos]], Jihar Plateau . Ta fara aikin fim dinta a shekara ta 2005 kuma ta sami ci gaba tare da gajeren fim din da ta lashe kyautar The Diary of Bolanle . lashe kyautar Fim mafi kyau a bikin fina-finai na Los Angeles na Nollywood a California <nowiki>http://hollywoodcff.com/Home</nowiki> . WorldFest-Houston International Film Festival, zabin a Cannes Short Film Festival, A cikin 2019, Semi-Finalist a African International Film Festival (AFRIFF) a Najeriya, da kuma zabin a California's Film Festival. A cikin 2023, Ololade ya sami lambar yabo ta Bronze Remi don haɗin gwiwar Ogeere a bikin fina-finai na duniya na 2023 WorldFest-Houston . <ref name="houston2">{{Cite web |title=WorldFest 56 Remi Award List |url=https://assets-global.website-files.com/6255fbf3105a723987f6d3f4/65148ab4a63f3dd330a03a75_WF56%209.27.23%20Winners%20List%20-%20Sheet1.pdf |access-date=27 February 2024 |website=WorldFest}}</ref> Ta sami amincewar O1-b daga Amurka a matsayin mutum mai ƙwarewa ta musamman a fagen ta A cikin 2019, ta kafa Speed Films Productions Ltd, wanda ke cikin tsibirin Victoria. Kamfanin samar da fina-finai inda ta samar da Ogeere, da kuma mafi yawan fina-fakkawan ta. A cikin 2023, ta kafa dandamali mai gudana da ake kira Speed Films app inda masu kallo zasu iya watsa fina-finai a duniya. A cikin 2024, Ololade ya ci gaba da ƙirƙirar gidan yanar gizon Speed Films, don kara sauƙaƙe watsa fina-finai na Afirka a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Speed Films Web |url=https://web.speedfilmstv.com/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=web.speedfilmstv.com}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * 2018: Diary of Bolanle: Wanda ya lashe: Bikin Fim na Los Angeles na Hollywood * 2019: Diary of Bolanle: Wanda ya lashe: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Duniya-Houston * 2019: City People Awards ta City People Magazine * 2021: Iyali: Wanda ya ci nasara: City People Magazine <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-30 |title=Winners Emerge @ 2021 City People Movie Awards In Abeokuta |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/winners-emerge-2021-city-people-movie-awards-in-abeokuta/ |access-date=2022-12-31 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> * 2022: Ipin Mi: Wanda ya lashe: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Athvikvaruni * 2023: Ipin Mi: Nomination: Bikin Fim na Harshe na Afirka * 2023: Ife Aimo: Nomination: Bikin Fim na Harshe na Afirka * 2023: Ife Aimo: An zabi shi: Bangaskiya da Iyali Bikin Fim na Chicago * 2023: Ogeere: Wanda ya lashe: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Duniya na WorldFest-Houston <ref name="houston">{{Cite web |title=WorldFest 56 Remi Award List |url=https://assets-global.website-files.com/6255fbf3105a723987f6d3f4/65148ab4a63f3dd330a03a75_WF56%209.27.23%20Winners%20List%20-%20Sheet1.pdf |access-date=27 February 2024 |website=WorldFest}}</ref> * 2023: Ogeere: An zabi shi: Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka * 2024: Ogeere: An zabi shi: Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-25 |title=AMVCA 2024 nominations full list: Over the Bridge get highest nomination |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/articles/c3gmw713z0wo |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=BBC News Pidgin}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Bayan haka kuma, ta kuma yi karatun Cinematography a Kwalejin Fina-finai ta New York . == Career == Ta sami amincewar O1-b daga Amurka a matsayinta na mutum mai ƙwarewa ta musamman a fanninta <ref>{{Cite news |last=Reporter |first=Our |date=2025-10-11 |title=Film maker Ololade Ebong shines with prestigious American approval |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/film-maker-ololade-ebong-shines-with-prestigious-american-approval/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |language=en-US |location=Lagos, Nigeria |newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Reporter |first=Our |date=2025-10-11 |title=Film maker Ololade Ebong shines with prestigious American approval |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/film-maker-ololade-ebong-shines-with-prestigious-american-approval/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |language=en-US |location=Lagos, Nigeria |newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] l32wc731b3r119ppnjms3pyiwhruw3e 863832 863829 2026-06-22T11:54:37Z Mahuta 11340 863832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ololade Tijani Ebong''' mai shirya fina-finai ne na [[Nollywood]], darektan kuma mai daukar hoto. Ita ce Babban Darakta na Speed Films Productions Ltd kuma kwakwalwa ce a bayan Speed Films App. Ta sami yabo daban-daban, ciki har da WorldFest- Houston International Film Festival a matsayin darektan da ya lashe gasar a 2023 da sauran zabuka da yawa a duniya da Afirka. An zaɓi fim dinta, The Diary of Bolanle a bikin gajeren fina-finai na Cannes na 2018 a Faransa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Festival |first=Cannes Short Film |title=Cannes Short Film Festival {{!}} International Indie Short Filmmaking |url=https://cannes-shorts.com/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=cannes-shorts.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa ta farko da ilimi == Ololade ta girma a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] kuma ta sami digiri na farko a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]], [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]] . Bayan haka, ta kuma yi karatun Cinematography a Kwalejin Fim ta New York . == Ayyuka == Ololade ta ci gaba da sha'awar fim bayan ta shiga cikin wani bita na filin aiki a Cibiyar Fim ta Kasa a [[Jos]], Jihar Plateau . Ta fara aikin fim dinta a shekara ta 2005 kuma ta sami ci gaba tare da gajeren fim din da ta lashe kyautar The Diary of Bolanle . lashe kyautar Fim mafi kyau a bikin fina-finai na Los Angeles na Nollywood a California <nowiki>http://hollywoodcff.com/Home</nowiki> . WorldFest-Houston International Film Festival, zabin a Cannes Short Film Festival, A cikin 2019, Semi-Finalist a African International Film Festival (AFRIFF) a Najeriya, da kuma zabin a California's Film Festival. A cikin 2023, Ololade ya sami lambar yabo ta Bronze Remi don haɗin gwiwar Ogeere a bikin fina-finai na duniya na 2023 WorldFest-Houston . <ref name="houston2">{{Cite web |title=WorldFest 56 Remi Award List |url=https://assets-global.website-files.com/6255fbf3105a723987f6d3f4/65148ab4a63f3dd330a03a75_WF56%209.27.23%20Winners%20List%20-%20Sheet1.pdf |access-date=27 February 2024 |website=WorldFest}}</ref> Ta sami amincewar O1-b daga Amurka a matsayin mutum mai ƙwarewa ta musamman a fagen ta A cikin 2019, ta kafa Speed Films Productions Ltd, wanda ke cikin tsibirin Victoria. Kamfanin samar da fina-finai inda ta samar da Ogeere, da kuma mafi yawan fina-fakkawan ta. A cikin 2023, ta kafa dandamali mai gudana da ake kira Speed Films app inda masu kallo zasu iya watsa fina-finai a duniya. A cikin 2024, Ololade ya ci gaba da ƙirƙirar gidan yanar gizon Speed Films, don kara sauƙaƙe watsa fina-finai na Afirka a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Speed Films Web |url=https://web.speedfilmstv.com/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=web.speedfilmstv.com}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * 2018: Diary of Bolanle: Wanda ya lashe: Bikin Fim na Los Angeles na Hollywood * 2019: Diary of Bolanle: Wanda ya lashe: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Duniya-Houston * 2019: City People Awards ta City People Magazine * 2021: Iyali: Wanda ya ci nasara: City People Magazine <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-30 |title=Winners Emerge @ 2021 City People Movie Awards In Abeokuta |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/winners-emerge-2021-city-people-movie-awards-in-abeokuta/ |access-date=2022-12-31 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> * 2022: Ipin Mi: Wanda ya lashe: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Athvikvaruni * 2023: Ipin Mi: Nomination: Bikin Fim na Harshe na Afirka * 2023: Ife Aimo: Nomination: Bikin Fim na Harshe na Afirka * 2023: Ife Aimo: An zabi shi: Bangaskiya da Iyali Bikin Fim na Chicago * 2023: Ogeere: Wanda ya lashe: Bikin Fim na Duniya na Duniya na WorldFest-Houston <ref name="houston">{{Cite web |title=WorldFest 56 Remi Award List |url=https://assets-global.website-files.com/6255fbf3105a723987f6d3f4/65148ab4a63f3dd330a03a75_WF56%209.27.23%20Winners%20List%20-%20Sheet1.pdf |access-date=27 February 2024 |website=WorldFest}}</ref> * 2023: Ogeere: An zabi shi: Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka * 2024: Ogeere: An zabi shi: Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-25 |title=AMVCA 2024 nominations full list: Over the Bridge get highest nomination |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/articles/c3gmw713z0wo |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=BBC News Pidgin}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Bayan haka kuma, ta kuma yi karatun Cinematography a Kwalejin Fina-finai ta New York . == Career == Ta sami amincewar O1-b daga Amurka a matsayinta na mutum mai ƙwarewa ta musamman a fanninta <ref>{{Cite news |last=Reporter |first=Our |date=2025-10-11 |title=Film maker Ololade Ebong shines with prestigious American approval |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/film-maker-ololade-ebong-shines-with-prestigious-american-approval/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |language=en-US |location=Lagos, Nigeria |newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Reporter |first=Our |date=2025-10-11 |title=Film maker Ololade Ebong shines with prestigious American approval |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/film-maker-ololade-ebong-shines-with-prestigious-american-approval/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |language=en-US |location=Lagos, Nigeria |newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 5xaha8ckhc174t9hsohs358quy14sn6 0 45742 863497 502760 2026-06-21T20:41:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:20131006 - Open LFB - Arras-Lyon 074.jpg|thumb|Hoton yar wasa coulibaily]] [[Fayil:Naîgnouma Coulibaly (cropped).jpg|thumb|Naiganouma couli bally uar kwallon kwando]] '''Naîgnouma Coulibaly''' (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Mayun 1989) ƙwararriyar ƴar wasan [[Kwallon kwando|kwando]] ce ta mata ta Mali tare da Cavigal Nice Basket na Ligue Féminine de Kwando da kuma [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Matan Kasar Mali|ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta mata ta Mali]].<ref>http://www.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=55059/bio/index.html</ref> Bayan lashe gasar FIBA ta Afirka na mata a shekara ta 2007, Coulibaly ta wakilci Mali a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/olympics/pyeongchang-2018/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-03-30 |archive-date=2019-12-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210194736/https://sports.yahoo.com/olympics/beijing/PHI/Eric+Ang/230582;_ylt=AvTLh1zB9H30l6cgjNct_IiOaJh4 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan dogon lokaci a Faransa, ta shiga a farkon Satumban 2014 da Hungarian kulob ɗin DVTK Miskolc, wanda ke fafatawa a gasar Eurocoupe.<ref>https://1x2pari.com/</ref> Bayan ta shafe kakar wasa ta shekarar 2015 zuwa 2016 a Spain tare da Girona da maki 9.4 da 8.6 a gasar zakarun Turai da maki 8.5 da 7.2 a gasar Euro, ta ƙulla yarjejeniya da ƙungiyar Canik ta Turkiyya.<ref>https://www.postup.fr/2016/08/22/turquie-naignouma-coulibaly-signe-a-canik/</ref> Bayan uku a ƙasashen waje, ta koma LFB don 2017-2018 tare da Nice.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.bebasket.fr/championnat-lfb/naignouma-coulibaly-renforce-nice.html |access-date=2023-03-30 |archive-date=2021-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206055116/https://www.bebasket.fr/championnat-lfb/naignouma-coulibaly-renforce-nice.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin watan Janairun 2022, bayan barin kulob ɗin Rasha Syktyvkar, ta koma Faransa tare da Flammes Carolo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.bebasket.fr/championnat-lfb/naignouma-coulibaly-fait-son-retour-en-lfb--a-charleville-mezieres.html |access-date=2023-03-30 |archive-date=2022-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111001951/https://www.bebasket.fr/championnat-lfb/naignouma-coulibaly-fait-son-retour-en-lfb--a-charleville-mezieres.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1989]] bwyp6cdwkkm6oy0ndl9693eh5io6lot 0 46225 863678 550938 2026-06-22T07:04:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:OusmanKoli.jpg|thumb|oesman koli]] '''Ousman Koli''' (an haife shi ranar 18 ga watan Oktoba 1988) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan ƙasar Gambia wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasa [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron gida]] a ƙungiyar IB 1975 Ljubljana.<ref>"Gambia – O. Koli" . Soccerway. Retrieved 18 October 2020.</ref> == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Bakau, Koli ya fara aikinsa a shekara ta 2001 tare da Bakau United kuma ya koma kulob ɗin abokan hamayyarsu na gasar Steve Biko FC a shekarar ta 2003.<ref>"The Gallant Scorpions – Ousman Koli – Steve Biko" . Daily Observer. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 2 December 2020.</ref> A watan Agusta 2011, ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da Slovenia na mataki na biyu Šenčur. <ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201108190660.html Ous Koli Seals Deal With {{Sic|Slova|nian|nolink=y}} Club] at AllAfrica.com</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairu 2012, Koli ya koma ƙungiyar Top flight Slovenia Triglav Kranj.<ref>Plestenjak, Rok (7 February 2012). "Kako so trgovali drugoligaši?" (in Slovenian). Siol . Retrieved 29 September 2019.</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Koli ya kasance memba na tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 17 ta Gambia da ta lashe gasar zaman lafiya (peace Tournament) a ranar 22 ga watan Yuli, da aka gudanar a [[Banjul]] a shekarar 2003. Ya kuma kasance cikin tawagar da ta lashe kofin duniya na farko a Gambia, lokacin da tawagar ta karbi bakuncin gasar cin kofin Afrika na U-17 a shekarar 2005.<ref name="observer" /> A shekara ta 2007 ya buga wasa a [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Gambia|babban kungiyar]] a karawar da suka yi da [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Guinea|Guinea]].<ref>"Ousman Koli" . national-football-teams.com . Retrieved 2 December 2020.</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{NFT player|26389}} * {{FIFA player|235144}} * [https://www.nzs.si/tekmovanja/?action=igralecStat&id_igralca=96860 Ousman Koli] at PrvaLiga {{In lang|sl}} * [https://www.lagstatistik.se/player?playerId=47761 Ousman Koli] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204124639/https://www.lagstatistik.se/player?playerId=47761 |date=2024-12-04 }} at lagstatistik.se {{In lang|sv}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1988]] n0es3i7bgwkek7dp83iqfsy7q0kgrum 0 49151 863422 375119 2026-06-21T18:31:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Аверс 20 накф.jpg|thumb|hoton nakta]] [[File:Аверс 10 накф.jpg|thumb|hoton nafka]] '''Nakfa''' ( ISO 4217 code: ''ERN'' ; Tigrinya ''naḳfa'', ko {{Lang-ar|ناكفا}} ko نقفة ''nākfā'' ) ita ce kudin [[Eritrea]] kuma an gabatar da ita a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 1998 don maye gurbin kuɗin Habasha. Kudin ya samo sunansa ne daga garin Nakfa na kasar Eritiriya, wurin da aka yi babban nasara na farko na yakin ‘yancin kai na Eritiriya.<ref name="A Broke Nation">{{citation |title=A Broke Nation |year=2004 |issue=Oct |url=http://www.officedubac.sn/IMG/pdf/Anglais_G_1er_grpe_R.pdf |publisher=Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar |access-date=22 October 2016 |archive-date=22 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022154819/http://www.officedubac.sn/IMG/pdf/Anglais_G_1er_grpe_R.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> An raba nakfa zuwa cent 100 . Ana lissafta nakfa zuwa dalar Amurka akan ƙayyadadden ƙimar dalar Amurka 1 = ERN 15. A lokutan baya,  an binne shi bisa hukuma akan dalar Amurka 1 = ERN 13.50. Kudin ba ya cika canzawa, don haka farashin kasuwar baƙar fata da ake samu a kan tituna yawanci ana ba da ƙimar nakfa 15 akan kowace dala. Tsakanin 18 ga Nuwamba da 31 ga Disamba 2015, Bankin Eritrea ya fara maye gurbin duk takardun banki na nakfa. An tsara shirin musanya takardun kuɗin ne don yaƙar jabu, tattalin arziƙin da ba na yau da kullun ba amma galibi masu fataucin bil adama [[Sudan|na Sudan]] waɗanda suka karɓi biyan kuɗi a cikin takardun kuɗi na nakfa don yin jigilar bakin haure da farko zuwa Turai . Sakamakon wannan shine adadin kuɗin ƙasar ya kasance a cikin ɗimbin tarin yawa a wajen [[Eritrea]].<ref name="Eritrea won’t shorten national service despite migration fears">{{citation |title=Eritrea won't shorten national service despite migration fears |year=2016 |issue=26 Feb |url=http://sallina.com/?p=3841 |publisher=Sallina News |access-date=22 October 2016 |archive-date=22 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022154547/http://sallina.com/?p=3841 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shirin maye gurbin kudin kasar ya kasance babban sirri kuma an yi shi ne don hana masu safarar mutane dawo da kudadensu a kan lokaci don musanya da sabbin takardun kudi.<ref name="Meet the New Eritrea Nakfa Bank Notes">{{citation |title=Meet the New Eritrea Nakfa Bank Notes |year=2015 |issue=29 Nov |url=https://www.tesfanews.net/new-eritrea-nakfa-currency-notes-slides/ |publisher=Tesfa News |access-date=22 October 2016 |archive-date=22 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022215312/https://www.tesfanews.net/new-eritrea-nakfa-currency-notes-slides/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2016 an daina amincewa da tsoffin takardun banki na nakfa a matsayin takardar kudi ta doka, suna mai da tarin kudaden waje mara amfani. Jerin takardun kudi na yanzu shine zane-zane na mai zanen banki na Afro-Amurka, Clarence Holbert, kuma buga ta Giesecke &amp;amp; Devrient na kudin [[Jamus]].<ref name="Designing Eritrea’s Money was ‘Dream Come True’">{{citation |title=Designing Eritrea's Money was 'Dream Come True' |year=2015 |issue=26 Jan |url=https://www.tesfanews.net/designing-eritreas-money-was-dream-come-true/ |publisher=Tesfa News |access-date=22 October 2016 |archive-date=20 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120192117/https://www.tesfanews.net/designing-eritreas-money-was-dream-come-true/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Currency and exchange facilities">{{citation|title=Currency and exchange facilities |year=2015|url=http://www.eritrea.be/old/eritrea-nakfa.htm |publisher=Eritrea Be |access-date=22 October 2016}}</ref> == Tsabar kudi == Tsabar Nakfa an yi su ne gaba ɗaya da [[Karfe|ƙarfe]] mai sanye da nickel . Kowanne tsabar kudin yana da gefuna daban-daban, maimakon madaidaicin reeding ga duk ƙungiyoyi. Tsabar nakfa 1 tana dauke da darika " cents 100". Ƙididdigar tsabar kudi: * 1 cent * 5 centi * 10 centi * 25 centi * 50 cents * 1 nakfa (100 cents) == Takardun kuɗi == Clarence Holbert na Ofishin Zane-zane da Buga na Amurka ne ya tsara takardun nakfa a shekarar 1994. [[File:2006_Eritrea_five_nakfa_tree.JPG|right|thumb|230x230px| Bayan bayanan banki na Nakfa biyar tare da ainihin bishiyar ''ficus sycomorus'' da aka nuna a sama.]] Bayanan banki suna zuwa cikin ƙungiyoyin: * 1 nakfa * 5 nufa * 10 nakfa * 20 nakfa * 50 nakfa * 100 nakfa Akwai jerin takardun banki guda biyar tun lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da kuɗin. Fitowar farko na dukkan ƙungiyoyin ta kasance kwanan wata 24.5.1997; Batu na biyu ya ƙunshi bayanin nakfa 50 da 100 ne kawai kuma an yi kwanan watan 24.5.2004; mas’aloli na uku kuma sun kunshi nakafa 50 da 100 ne kacal kuma aka yi kwananta a ranar 24.5.2011, kuma mas’aloli na hudu sun kunshi nakfa na 10 da 20 ne kawai aka kuma yi ranar 24.5.2012. (Ranar 24 ga Mayu ita ce ranar 'yancin kai na Eritrea). Jerin takardun kudi na biyar na yanzu wanda ya mayar da duk kudaden da suka gabata mara amfani ya kasance ranar 24.5.2015. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" ! colspan="9" |Bayanan banki na nakfa na Eritrea (1997-jerin yanzu) |- ! rowspan="2" | Hoto ! rowspan="2" | Daraja ! rowspan="2" | Girma ! rowspan="2" | Babban Launi ! colspan="2" | Bayani ! rowspan="2" | Ranar fitowa ! rowspan="2" | Kwanan watan fitowar farko ! rowspan="2" | Alamar ruwa |- ! Banda ! Juya baya |- | align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2019/01/eritrean-currency-money-1-nakfa-banknote-1997.html] | 1 nakfa | 140x70 ku&nbsp;mm | Baƙar fata mai launin ruwan kasa da baƙar fata akan rubutun ƙasa masu launuka iri-iri | Hoton Triptych na yara uku na kasashe tara na Eritrea; daga tuta | Yara a makarantar daji | 1997<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2015 | 24 ga Mayu, 1997 | Kan rakumi |- | align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2019/01/eritrea-currency-money-5-nakfa-banknote-1997.html] | 5 nufa | 140x70 ku&nbsp;mm | Baƙar fata mai launin ruwan kasa da baƙar fata akan rubutun ƙasa masu launuka iri-iri | Hoton Triptych na kasashe tara na Eritrea: Yaro, saurayi, da babba; daga tuta | Itacen sikamore | 1997<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2015 | 24 ga Mayu, 1997 | Kan rakumi |- | align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2019/01/eritrean-currency-money-10-nakfa-banknote-2012.html] | 10 nakfa | 140x70 ku&nbsp;mm | Baƙar fata mai launin ruwan kasa da baƙar fata akan rubutun ƙasa masu launuka iri-iri | Hoton Triptych na wasu matasa mata uku na kasashe tara na Eritrea; daga tuta | Titin jirgin kasa na Eritrea | 1997<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2012<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2015 | 24 ga Mayu, 1997 | Kan rakumi |- | align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2019/01/eritrea-currency-money-20-nakfa-banknote-1997.html] | 20 nakfa | 140x70 ku&nbsp;mm | Baƙar fata mai launin ruwan kasa da baƙar fata akan rubutun ƙasa masu launuka iri-iri | Hoton Triptych na wasu matasa mata uku na kasashe tara na Eritrea; daga tuta | Wuraren noma guda uku: manomi yana noma da rakumi, mata masu girbi, mace akan tarakta | 1997<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2012<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2015 | 24 ga Mayu, 1997 | Kan rakumi |- | align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2019/01/eritrean-currency-money-50-nakfa-banknote-2004.html] | 50 nakfa | 143 x71&nbsp;mm | Brown-ja akan kodadde rawaya underprint | Hoton Triptych na wasu matasa mata uku na kasashe tara na Eritrea; daga tuta | Manyan jiragen ruwa a tashar Massawa | 1997<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2004<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2011<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2015 | 24 ga Mayu, 1997 | Kan rakumi |- | align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2019/01/eritrea-currency-money-100-nakfa-banknote-2004.html] | 100 nakfa | 147x72 ku&nbsp;mm | Shudi da baki akan farar fata mai launin rawaya | Hoton Triptych na wasu matasa mata uku na kasashe tara na Eritrea; daga tuta | Manoma suna noma da shanu | 1997<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2004<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> 2011 | 24 ga Mayu, 1997 | Kan rakumi |- |} == Darajar musayar kudi == Gwamnatin Eritiriya ta ki amincewa da kiraye-kirayen yin shawagi a cikin kudin kasar, inda ta gwammace da daidaiton tsayayyen farashin canji. Duk da haka an yi rage darajar lokaci-lokaci. ERN kuɗi ne mai rauni sosai. Matsakaicin musanya na kudin yana kusa da ERN 100 akan dalar Amurka 1. [ana buƙatar hujja] da buƙatu mai kyau a wajen Eritrea. Kasuwannin baƙar fata da ke cikin Asmara da wasu ƴan garuruwa suna nuna raguwar darajar ERN. == Nassoshi == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060118052206/http://www.afrol.com/printable_article/15318 Dokoki game da nakfa daga labaran Afrol] [[Category:Kudi]] [[Category:Kudade]] [[Category:Kuɗi]] pcgmxfug9bsba3jozgp43n3650btwhh 0 50797 863653 397738 2026-06-22T06:10:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863653 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Orly_Castel-Bloom_(2017).jpg|thumb| Orly Castel-Bloom (2017)]] [[File:אורלי קסטל בלום.jpg|thumb]]{{Databox}} '''Orly Castel-Bloom''' ( {{Lang-he|אורלי קסטל-בלום}} ) marubuciyar Isra'ila ne . == Tarihin Rayuwarta == An haifi Orly Castel-Bloom a Arewacin [[Tel Abib|Tel Aviv]] a cikin shekara ta 1960, ga dangin Yahudawan Masar masu magana da Faransanci. Harsai data kai shekaru uku, tana da ma'aikatan Faransanci kuma tana magana da Faransanci kawai. <ref>Interview with Orly Castel-Bloom, "North Tel Aviv Star" http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/894462.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522174021/http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/week-s-end/north-tel-aviv-star-1.227628 |date=2011-05-22 }}</ref> Ta Kuma yi karatun fim a Jami'ar Tel Aviv da gidan wasan kwaikwayo a makarantar Beit Zvi don wasan kwaikwayo a Ramat Gan . Castel-Bloom tana zaune a Tel Aviv kuma tana da yara biyu. Tayi lacca a jami'o'in Harvard, UCLA, Cambridge da [[Jami'ar Oxford|Oxford]] kuma a halin yanzu tana koyar da rubuce-rubucen kirkire-kirkire a Jami'ar Tel Aviv . <ref>http://www.ithl.org.il/page_13310</ref> == Aikin adabi == Castel-Bloom na farko tarin gajerun labarai, ''Ba Nisa Daga Cibiyar Gari'' ( ''Lo Rahok mi-Merkhaz ha-Ir'' ) '','' an buga shi a cikin shekara ta 1987 ta Am Oved . Ita ce marubuciyar littattafai 11, gami da tarin gajerun almara da litattafai. [[Ƙagaggen Labari|Littafinta]] na shekara ta 1992 ''Dolly City'', an haɗa shi acikin UNESCO Tarin Ayyukan Wakilai, kuma acikin shekara ta 1999 an nadata ɗaya daga cikin mata hamsin mafi tasiri a Isra'ila. Anyi ''Dolly City'' a matsayin wasa a [[Tel Abib|Tel Aviv]] . A cikin ''Free Radicals (Radikalim Hofshiyim)'' da aka buga a cikin shekara ta 2000, Castel-Bloom ta daina rubutu a cikin mutum na farko. A cikin ''Sassan Dan Adam (Halakim Enoshiyim)'' da aka buga a cikin shekara ta 2002, itace marubuciyar Isra'ila ta farko da tayi magana kan batun harin kunar bakin wake na Falasdinu. Tarihinta na gajerun labarai ''Baku jayayya da Shinkafa'' (labari daga shekara ta 1987 zuwa shekara ta 2004), an buga shi a cikin shekara ta 2004. Castel-Bloom ta lashe lambar yabo ta Firayim Minista sau biyu, lambar yabo ta Tel Aviv don almara kuma an zabeta don Kyautar Sapir don Adabi . Mai sukar adabin Isra'ila Gershon Shaked ya kirata marubuciya bayan zamani wanda "ya ke bada labarin yanke kauna na tsarar da ba sa mafarkin mafarkan tarihin sahyoniyawan." <ref>Towards the Nineteen Nineties, A Generation Without Dreams http://www.ithl.org.il/interview2.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080928072018/http://www.ithl.org.il/interview2.html |date=2008-09-28 }}</ref> == Littafi Mai Tsarki == === Littattafai === * ''Heykan ʾaniy nimṣeʾt'' shekara ta (1990). ''Inda Nike'' * ''Dwliy Siy shekara ta'' (1992). ''Birnin Dolly'', trans. Dalya Bilu (Littafan Loki, shekara ta 1997; Taskar Dalkey, shekara ta 2010) * ''HaMiyyah Liyzah'' shekara ta(1995). ''Ina Lisa'' * ''Ha-Sefer he-hadash'' shekara ta (1998). ''Shan Trend'' * ''Ḥalaqiym ʾenwṣiyyim'' shekara ta (2002). ''Sassan mutane'', trans. Dalya Bilu (Godine, shekara ta 2003) * ''Teqsṭiyl'' (2006). ''Textile'', trans. Dalya Bilu (The Feminist Press, 2013) * ''HaRoman HaMistri'' shekara ta (2015). ''Littafin Novel na Masar'', trans. Todd Hasak-Lowy (Taskar Dalkey, 2017) === Tarin gajerun labarai === * ''Lo Rahok mi-Merkhaz ha-Ir'' shekara ta (1987). ''Bai Yi Nisa Daga Cibiyar Gari ba'' * ''Sevivah 'oyenet'' shekara ta (1989) ''Kewaye masu ƙiyayya'' * ''Sipurim bilti-retsonyim'' shekara ta (1993). ''Labarun da ba a ba su izini ba'' * ''Radikalem hofshi'im'' shekara ta (2000). ''Free Radicals'' * ''Abin da ya faru a baya'' acikin shekara ta (2004). ''Baka jayayya da Shinkafa'' == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == Castel-Bloom ta lashe lambar yabo ta Firayim Minista don Ayyukan Adabin Ibrananci a cikin shekara ta 2001 da shekara ta 2011, da kuma babbar lambar yabo ta Sapir don wallafe-wallafe don ''Litattafan Masarawa'' a acikin shekara ta 2015. <ref>Orly Castel-Bloom Scoops Always Controversial Sapir Prize http://forward.com/culture/books/335139/orly-castel-bloom-scoops-always-controversial-sapir-prize/</ref> == Duba kuma == * Adabin Isra'ila * Matan Isra'ila == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.ithl.org.il/page_13310 Orly Castel-Bloom bio] ta ithl.org [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1960]] pnr8n513c950eucmj0wvitrv097m2kf 0 54096 862914 828976 2026-06-21T12:34:31Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Early life" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345957993|Nora Awolowo]]" 862914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Oreoluwa Racheal Awolowo''' (an haife ta a ranar 2 ga Maris ɗin shekarar 1999), wacce aka fi sani da '''Nora Awolowo''', fitacciyar mai shirya fina-finai ce [[Ɗan Nijeriya|a Najeriya]], darakta, kuma mai daukar hoto a sinima. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nora Awolowo |url=https://filmfreeway.com/NoraAwolowo17 |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=filmfreeway.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2021 |title=Popular Nigerian Cinematographer, Nora Shares The Best Thing A Stranger Has Done For Her |url=https://www.ghgossip.com/popular-nigerian-cinematographer-nora-shares-the-best-thing-a-stranger-has-done-for-her/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=ghgossip.com |archive-date=25 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925180600/https://www.ghgossip.com/popular-nigerian-cinematographer-nora-shares-the-best-thing-a-stranger-has-done-for-her/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 August 2019 |title=#Symphonies: Watch The Trailer To Nora Awolowo's Short Film "Symphonies" |url=https://stationmag.com/trailer-to-short-film-symphonies/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924103039/https://stationmag.com/trailer-to-short-film-symphonies/ |archive-date=24 September 2024 |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=stationmag.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2019 |title=This Must Watch Documentary "Life at the Bay" portrays the Inspiring Survival Tales of Tarkwa Bay Women {{!}} Watch the Teaser on BN |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/02/this-must-watch-documentary-life-at-the-bay-portrays-the-inspiring-survival-tales-of-tarkwa-bay-women-watch-the-teaser-on-bn/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}</ref> A shekarar 2025 ta zama ƙaramar mai shirya fina-finai ƴar Najeriya da ta kai matsayin ₦ miliyan 100 a cikin fim ɗin ''Red Circle'', fim ɗin da ta yi aiki a matsayin furodusa da mai daukar hoto a sinima. Ita ce kuma mace ta farko 'yar Najeriya da aka zaɓa don Mafi Kyawun Cinematography a bikin [[Kyautar zaɓuɓɓuka masu kallon afirka|bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards]] (AMVCA) saboda aikinta a cikin fim ɗin ''[[lisabi: Tashin hankali|Lisabi: The Uprising]]'' na Najeriya na 2024. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-12-20 |title=These Emerging Nigerian Filmmakers are Having a Great Year - What Kept Me Up |url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/listicles/these-emerging-nigerian-filmmakers-are-having-a-great-year/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Awolowo, ta girma kuma ta yi karatu a Jihar [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya, inda har yanzu take zaune. Ta kuma sami digirinta a fannin Lissafi daga [[Jami'ar jihar Ekiti|Jami'ar Jihar Ekiti]] a shekarar 2019. <ref name="Sule">{{Cite web |last=Sule |first=Mariam |date=2022-04-05 |title=I Went From Taking Pictures With My Phone to Making Award Winning Films in Less Than Five Years – Nora |url=https://www.zikoko.com/her/i-went-from-taking-pictures-with-my-phone-to-making-award-winning-films-in-less-than-five-years-nora/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=Zikoko! |language=en-US}}</ref> A jami'a, ta fara sha'awar daukar hoto kuma ta koyi ɗaukar hotuna da wayarta, inda ta sami wasu ayyukan yi a lokacin da take ɗaliba. Ta fi sha'awar bayar da labarai, ta koma yin fim, ta fara da yin rikodin bidiyo a bayan fage don ayyukan talabijin marasa rubutu, kamar ''Lota Takes'' [[Lota Chukwu|na Lota Chukwu]] . A wannan lokacin, ta kuma koyar da kanta yadda ake gyara abubuwan da ke cikin talabijin, wanda hakan ya ƙarfafa sha'awarta ga aikin yin fim. <ref name="Sule" /> == Sana'a == A lokacin da ta kammala karatunta daga jami'a a shekarar 2019, Awolowo ta shafe shekaru biyu tana aiki a masana'antar fina-finai. A wannan shekarar, ta kafa kamfanin shirya fina-finai nata, Rixel Studios, sannan ta fitar da shirinta na farko mai suna ''Life at the Bay,'' wanda ke bin diddigin rayuwar mata da ke zaune a [[Tarkwa Bay Beach|Tarkwa Bay]] . An nuna gajeren fim ɗin a [[Africa International Film Festival|bikin fina-finai na Afirka na duniya]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 October 2019 |title=Here's the Full List of Films Selected for AFRIFF 2019 |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/10/heres-the-full-list-of-films-selected-for-afriff-2019/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Native |first=The |date=2019-02-18 |title=See the women of Tarkwa Bay in trailer for new documentary, "Life At The Bay" |url=https://thenativemag.com/see-women-tarkwa-bay-trailer-new-documentary-life-bay/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=The NATIVE |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma ta kafa wani tsari a cikin aikinta na farko, wanda sau da yawa ya binciki ƙalubalen sirri da na zamantakewa da 'yan Najeriya ke fuskanta, musamman mata. A wannan shekarar ta biyo baya da ''Symphonies,'' wani ɗan gajeren fim mai ba da labari game da wata matashiya wacce rayuwarta ta fara warwarewa a tsakiyar ƙalubalen da ta fuskanta. A shekarar 2021, ta fitar da ''David'', wani fim mai tushen addini game da wani saurayi da ke gab da kashe kansa. Fim ɗin ya ci gaba da lashe kyaututtuka biyu kuma an nuna shi a bukukuwan fina-finai na duniya shida. <ref name="Sule"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=DAVID |url=https://filmfreeway.com/DAVIDshortfilm |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=filmfreeway.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 August 2019 |title=Nora Awolowo Releases Teaser For Her Documentary "All Lives Matter" |url=https://stationmag.com/nora-awolowo-releases-teaser-for-her-documentary-all-lives-matter/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210025509/https://stationmag.com/nora-awolowo-releases-teaser-for-her-documentary-all-lives-matter/ |archive-date=10 December 2024 |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=stationmag.com}}</ref> Nasarar Awolowo ta zo ne da ''shirin Baby Blues: The Trials of Childbirth'' (2021), wani shirin gaskiya da ya nuna ƙalubalen da matan Najeriya ke fuskanta wajen haihuwa da kuma baƙin ciki bayan haihuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rapheal |date=6 January 2022 |title=Nora Awolowo holds private screening for Baby Blues: The Trials of Childbirth |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/nora-awolowo-holds-private-screening-for-baby-blues-the-trials-of-childbirth/ |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-us}}</ref> A shekarar 2023, an zaɓi ''Baby Blues'' don zama Mafi Kyawun Shirin Gaskiya a Gasar African Magic Viewers' Choice Awards, tare da wani fim ɗinta, ''Nigeria: The Debut'' - wani shirin gaskiya da [[FIFA|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya (FIFA)]] ta ba da umarni, wanda ya ci gaba da lashe gasar. A shekarar 2024, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto tare da Barnabas Emordi a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Netflix, ''[[lisabi: Tashin hankali|Lisabi: The Uprising]] ,'' inda dukkansu suka sami lambar yabo ta Best Cinematographer a bikin [[Kyautar zaɓuɓɓuka masu kallon afirka|bayar da kyaututtuka na Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards]] (AMVCA). A shekarar 2025, ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin furodusa da kuma mai shirya fina-finai a fim ɗin ''"Red Circle",'' wanda shi ne babban nasarar da ta samu a harkar kasuwanci har zuwa yanzu. Cikin ƙasa da wata guda bayan fitowarsa a watan Yuni, ta haura darajar ₦ miliyan 100 a ofishin talla, wanda hakan ya tabbatar da Awolowo a matsayin ƙaramin mai shirya fina-finai ɗan Najeriya da ya kai wannan matsayi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Henry |first=Uchechukwu |date=2025-07-11 |title=Nora Awolowo Sets Record as Red Circle Hits ₦100M Box Office |url=https://rexclarkeadventures.com/nora-awolowo-red-circle/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=Rex Clarke Adventures |language=en-US}}</ref> .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Henry |first=Uchechukwu |date=2025-07-11 |title=Nora Awolowo Sets Record as Red Circle Hits ₦100M Box Office |url=https://rexclarkeadventures.com/nora-awolowo-red-circle/ |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=Rex Clarke Adventures |language=en-US}}</ref> == Bambance-bambance == Awolowo ta kasance wanda aka zaɓa sau uku—a cikin shekarar 2020, 2021, da 2023— don The Future Awards Africa a cikin rukunin Kyautar Fina-finai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 November 2020 |title=The Future Awards Africa names 2020 nominees, all under-28 + Full list |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/the-future-awards-africa-names-2020-nominees-all-under-28-full-list/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=theeagleonline.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Future Awards: Rema, DJ Cuppy, Others Nominated (Full List) |url=https://allnews.ng/news/the-future-awards-rema-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-full-list |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=allnews.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-03 |title=The Future Awards Africa 2023: All the nominees |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/future-awards-africa-2023-all-nominees |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=Music In Africa |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 2025 ta sami kyautar Zikoko's HERtitude don Fim. <ref name=":0"/> == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Bikin bayar da kyaututtuka ! Bayanin lambar yabo ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! Bayani |- | 2020 | Kyautar Gaba ta Afirka | Kyauta don Fim ||| {{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 November 2020 |title=DJ Cuppy, Tomike Adeoye, Taaooma, Jemima Osunde Nominated For The Future Awards Africa (TFAA) 2020 (See Full List) |url=https://fabwoman.ng/tfaa-2020-nominees-list-fabwoman/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=fabwoman.ng}}</ref> |- | 2019 | Kyaututtukan Ƙananan Ƙananan Yara 25 'Yan Ƙasa da Shekaru 25 | Mafi kyawun Ma'aikacin Kafafen Yaɗa Labarai da Sadarwa ||| {{Won}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 September 2019 |title=Meet The Winners of 2019 25under25 Awards |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/09/25under25-awards-winners/ |access-date=25 September 2021 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" | 2023 | rowspan="2" | [[2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyaututtukan Zaɓin Masu Kallon Afirka Magic]] | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Fina-finai | ''Najeriya: Bukukuwan Farko''|{{Won}} | rowspan="2" | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |url=https://dstv-fe-africamagic-prod.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/africamagic/en-ng/show/amvca/season/9/news/full-list-here-are-all-our-amvca-9-nominees/news |access-date=2023-04-23 |website=AMVCA - Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |language=en}}{{Dead link|date=February 2026}}</ref> <ref name="Udugba 2023">{{Cite web |last=Udugba |first=Anthony |date=2023-05-20 |title=Full list of winners at the 9th AMVCA 2023 |url=https://businessday.ng/life-arts/article/full-list-of-winners-at-the-9th-amvca-2023/ |access-date=2023-06-10 |website=Businessday NG}}</ref> |- | ''Jaririn Blues''|{{Nom}} |- | Kyautar Gaba ta Afirka | Kyauta don Fim | rowspan="1" | Kanta|{{Pending}} | |} == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Lakabi ! Matsayin |- | 2019 | ''Rayuwa a Tekun Teku'' | Darakta |- | 2019 | ''Simfoni'' | Darakta |- | 2021 | ''Dauda'' | Mai daukar fim |- | 2021 | ''Jaririn Blues'' | Darakta |- | 2022 | ''Tsarin Abubuwa'' | Mai daukar fim |- | 2023 | ''Ya ku Maza'' | Mai daukar fim |- | 2024 | ''Me Kake Tsoro Da Gaske?'' | Darakta |- | 2024 | ''[[lisabi: Tashin hankali|Lisabi]]'' | Mai daukar fim |- | 2025 | ''Da'irar Ja'' | Furodusa da Mai Daukar Fina-finai |- |} == Farkon rayuwa == Awolowo An haife ta, ta taso kuma ta yi karatu a Jihar Lagos, Najeriya, inda har yanzu take zaune. Ta samu digirinta na farko a fannin Accounting daga Ekiti State University a shekarar 2019. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://filmfreeway.com/NoraAwolowo17 Nora Awolowo] a FilmFreeway [[Rukuni:Yarbawa]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]] 225pfdboztp85gkzqq7su2yes687ro8 0 54140 862927 852444 2026-06-21T12:42:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 862927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}  {{Reflist}}Moses Inwang (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1978) shi ne darektan fina-finai na Najeriya, furodusa, edita, kuma marubucin allo wanda aka fi sani da fina-fakkaatu na gargajiya a cikin [[Nollywood]] waɗanda ke magana da matsalolin al'umma da batutuwan rayuwa masu banƙyama waɗanda ba a rubuta su a fina-fukkunan Najeriya. A cikin shekara ta 2012, Inwang ya sami karbuwa sosai saboda aikinsa a matsayin darektan da kuma furodusa na fim mai ban tsoro na tunani Torn[[Torn|Rashin ƙarfi]] Torn <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 August 2013 |title=Torn |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3460492/ |via=www.imdb.com}}</ref> a matsayin Darakta da Mai gabatarwa, fim din da aka fitar a cikin fina-finai a duk fadin kasar a shekarar 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2013 |title=Movie review: With 'Torn', Moses Iwang finally makes an impression » YNaija |url=https://ynaija.com/movie-review-with-torn-moses-iwang-finally-makes-an-impression/ |access-date=6 January 2019}}</ref> Tare da gabatarwa da yawa, lambar yabo da kuma sanarwa da aka samu daga wannan fim din, ya ci gaba da jagorantar da samar da wasu abubuwan da suka faru kamar Damage, Cold Feet, Stalker, Last 3 digits, Alter Ego, Crazy People, American Driver, Unroyal, kuma a ƙarshe Merry Men 2; Ayo Makun (AY) " fim din blockbuster, wanda ya fito a matsayin fim na biyu mafi girma na 2019 a Najeriya tare da jimlar miliyan 240. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2013 |title=Full List of Winners for Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards 2013 Released |url=https://www.360nobs.com/2013/10/full-list-of-winners-for-giama-2013/ |access-date=6 January 2019 |archive-date=17 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017082101/https://www.360nobs.com/2013/10/full-list-of-winners-for-giama-2013/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>[4][5][6] [Bayanin zagaye]''<sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="This claim cites another Wikipedia article. Articles need references to reliable third-party sources. (November 2020)">circular reference</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup>'' Tare da aikin da ya kai sama da shekaru ashirin, '''Sneezemankind''' kamar yadda aka yi masa jawabi, ya sami lambar yabo ta farko a fim a shekarar 1998 lokacin da ya hada kai da Two Good Men . A shekara ta 2004 ya fara kamfanin samar da shi, Sneeze Films, kuma ya fara da fim din Save My Soul . 2008, duk da haka, ya gan shi yana jagorantar fim din, Lost Maiden, <ref>{{Cite web |last=New York Nigeria |title=Lost Maiden by Chisom Oz-lee |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sbru0nEcwsc |access-date=6 January 2019 |via=YouTube}}</ref> fim din da ya kawo batun batun kaciya ta mata zuwa gaba, wanda ya jagoranci tattaunawar zamantakewa. Ya ci gaba da yin Save Our Souls, fim mai ilmantarwa game da ciwon daji. Ya kuma ba da umarni kuma ya hada hannu da Damage a cikin 2011, yana magana game da batun tashin hankali na cikin gida, fim din da ya sami gabatarwa da yawa kuma ya fitar da kyaututtuka a [[Florida]], Amurka. <ref name="iroko">{{Cite web |date=17 September 2012 |title=Uche Jombo's Movie Damage(2012) Wins Two Awards |url=http://blog.irokotv.com/2012/09/17/uche-jombos-damage2012-wins-two-awards/ |access-date=6 January 2019 |archive-date=16 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216031021/http://blog.irokotv.com/2012/09/17/uche-jombos-damage2012-wins-two-awards/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Inwang ta halarci [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] . == Ayyuka == Inwang ya shiga cikin haske kuma da sauri ya sami karbuwa mai mahimmanci don jagorantar abin ban tsoro na tunani, Torn, wanda ya samar kuma ya saki a cikin fina-finai a duk fadin kasar. Fim din ya ba shi lambar yabo da yawa da kuma karbuwa a cikin gida da kuma duniya. Koyaya, aikinsa ya nutse a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya bayan an kwantar da shi don jagorantar Merry Men 2, fim ɗin da Ayo Makun (A.Y.) na Corporate World Entertainment ya samar, wanda ya fito a matsayin fim na biyu mafi girma na 2019. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Inwang shi ne yaron namiji da ya tsira a cikin iyali na shida bayan ya rasa ɗan'uwansa tun yana ƙarami. Ya auri 'yar wasan kwaikwayo [[Emem Inwang]] . == Rayuwar sana'a == A shekara ta 2004, ya fara kamfanin samar da shi, Sneeze Films kuma ya fara da fim din Save My Soul . A shekara ta 2008, ya ba da umarnin fim din, Lost Maiden, fim din da ya kawo batun kaciya ta mata zuwa gabatarwa ta zamantakewa. Ya kuma yi Save Our Souls, fim mai ilmantarwa game da ciwon daji. Ya kuma ba da umarni kuma ya hada hannu da Damage a cikin 2011, fim din da ya shafi batun tashin hankali na cikin gida, yana karɓar kyaututtuka da yawa da kuma gabatarwa.<ref name="iroko"/> Labarin tunani mai ban tsoro Torn wanda ya samar a shekarar 2012 kuma wanda aka saki a cikin fina-finai a duk fadin kasar a shekarar 2013, ya ba shi da mafi yawan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da suka fito a ciki sun sami kyaututtuka da yawa. A shekara ta 2012, fim dinsa Damage ya sami Inwang gabatarwa don mafi kyawun darektan a Oscars na Afirka da aka gudanar a [[Florida]] Amurka, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Maestromedia |date=7 July 2012 |title=2012 NAFCA Awards Nominees: The Full List |url=http://maestromedia.blogspot.com/2012/07/2012-nafca-awards-nominees-full-list.html |access-date=6 January 2019}}</ref> yayin da fim din ya lashe kyautar fim mafi kyau a African Oscars Awards. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Nollywood & African Film Critics' Awards |url=https://letterboxd.com/tajlv/list/the-nollywood-african-film-critics-awards/ |access-date=6 January 2019 |website=letterboxd.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2013, ya lashe lambar yabo ta City People Award for Best Director . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2013 |title=City People Entertainment Awards & full list of winners. Photos Inclusive - Gistmania |url=https://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,161129.0.html |access-date=6 January 2019 |website=www.gistmania.com}}</ref> Fim dinsa na 2013 Torn ya sami gabatarwa 9 a lambar yabo ta GIAMA a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] da kuma gabatarwa 6 a Kyautar Nollywood . <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2013 |title=Rita Dominic, OC Ukeje, Fathia Balogun, Uche Jombo, Mike Ezuruonye, Ireti Doyle & More Make the 2013 Best of Nollywood Awards Nominees List |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2013/09/rita-dominic-oc-ukeje-fathia-balogun-uche-jombo-mike-ezuruonye-ireti-doyle-more-make-the-2013-best-of-nollywood-awards-nominees-list/}}</ref> A shekara ta 2014 ya ci gaba da yin rikodin a matsayin Darakta na farko a Nollywood don karɓar gabatarwa biyu a matsayin mafi kyawun darektan a Nollywood Movies Awards . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Nollywood Movie Awards 2014. &#124; Xplorenollywood |url=https://xplorenollywood.com/nollywood-movie-awards-2014/}}</ref> Fim dinsa, The Last 3 Digits, an zabi shi don mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo a African Movie Academy Awards AMAA a cikin 2015 kuma an zaba shi daga cikin 'yan fina-finai na [[Nollywood]] da aka nuna wa dubban mutane a Nollywood Week Paris . Fim dinsa Stalker, wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya wanda aka fara a Najeriya a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu 2016, ya sami gabatarwa 10 kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka 3 a 2015 Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards a Amurka. A cikin 2015 STALKER, wani fim da Moses Inwang ya rubuta, ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni, ya shiga cikin gabatarwa 12 a GIAMA awards Hin ouston kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka ga Bthe est Actor, Best actress da Best Film categories. Har ila yau a cikin 2015 Stalker ya lashe kyautar Best International Film a bikin fim na New York . A cikin 2017 fim dinsa na American Driver daga kamfanin samar da shi Sneeze Films ya sami lambar yabo mafi kyau a bikin fina-finai na Peoples, Harlem New York . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The People's Film Festival on Instagram: "TPFF 2017 Winner : Best Comedy -American Driver @Regrann from @sneezemankind - Another one! we did it again! TPFF…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/BVXJ1HWDs8H/ |access-date=6 January 2019 |website=Instagram}}</ref> An kuma zabi ''[[American driver|''Direban Amurka'']]'' don "Comedy of the Year" a 2017 Best of Nollywood Awards . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BON Awards &#124; Nominees for the Best of Nollywood Awards, 2017 |url=http://www.bonawards.com/2017/09/06/nominees-for-the-best-of-nollywood-awards-2017/ |website=www.bonawards.com |access-date=2026-06-09 |archive-date=2020-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026114403/http://www.bonawards.com/2017/09/06/nominees-for-the-best-of-nollywood-awards-2017/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2017, wani blockbuster, Alter Ego, wanda Moses Inwang ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni kuma ya fito da [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade]], an sake shi ga masu sauraro masu sa ido sosai a cikin fina-finai na Najeriya kuma nan da nan ya zama mafi yawan magana game da fim na shekara. Alter Ego ta sami lambar yabo don Fim mafi Kyau a bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka AFRIFF . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2017 |title=AFRIFF 2017 WINNERS |url=https://afriff.com/afriff-2017-winners/ |access-date=6 January 2019 |archive-date=28 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128160117/http://afriff.com/afriff-2017-winners/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Har ila yau, ya lashe kyautar Darakta mafi kyau a bikin fina-finai na Nollywood na Toronto da kuma kyautar fim mafi kyau a Afirka Magic Viewers Choice Awards AMVCA tare da fim din samun gabatarwa tara. An ba shi kyautar fim mafi kyau ta duniya a bikin fim na Peoples na NY . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The People's Film Festival on Instagram: "The People's Film Festival 2018 Best International Film "Alter Ego" #alterego #bestinternationalfilm #sneezemankind #thepeoplesfilmfestival…" |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/Bj7XztPnCWJ/ |access-date=6 January 2019 |website=Instagram}}</ref> A cikin 2018, Moses Inwang ya samar da fim din Crazy People wanda ya zama daya daga cikin fina-finai goma mafi girma na shekara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sodas 'N' Popcorn Movie Blog |url=https://sodasandpopcorn.ng/ |website=Sodas 'N' Popcorn Blog}}</ref>[3] Daga baya ya fitar da wasan kwaikwayo na Cold Feet . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Articles • Connect Nigeria |url=https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2019/05/moses-inwang-releases-trailer-for-new-movie-cold-feet/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 April 2019 |title=WATCH the Trailer for Moses Inwang's 'Cold Feet' starring Joselyn Dumas, Jim Iyke, Beverly Naya, Enyinna Nwigwe |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/04/watch-the-trailer-for-moses-inwangs-cold-feet-starring-joselyn-dumas-jim-iyke-beverly-naya-enyinna-nwigwe/}}</ref> A ƙarshen 2019, Musa ya yi kwangila da kamfanin A.Y's Corporate World Entertainment don jagorantar fim ɗin da ya lashe lambar yabo da yawa, Merry Men, kuma abin da ya biyo baya, Merry Man, 2, ya ci gaba da fitowa a matsayin fim na biyu mafi girma a ofishin akwatin a ƙarshen 2019 tare da jimlar miliyan 240. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Abin da ya faru !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |Kyautar Oscars ta Afirka, Florida, Amurka |Fim mafi kyau | rowspan="2" |''Lalacewar''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=August 2011&#124;publisher= |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201108010242.html}}</ref> |- |Kyautar Oscars ta Afirka |Darakta Mafi Kyawu|{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="7" |2013 |[[Kyautar fim ta Mutanen birni|Kyautar Nishaɗi ta Jama'a]] |Darakta Mafi Kyawu | rowspan="7" |''[[Torn|Rashin ƙarfi]]''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2013 |title=City People Entertainment Awards & full list of winners. Photos Inclusive |url=https://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,161129.0.html |website=Gistmania}}</ref> |- | rowspan="6" |2013 Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards |Mafi kyawun Motsi|{{Nom}} | |- |Wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau|{{Nom}} | |- |Mafi Kyawun Mataimakin Mataimakin|{{Nom}} | |- |Mafi kyawun Mai Taimako|{{Nom}} | |- |Hoton Darakta Mafi Kyawu|{{Nom}} | |- |Mai gabatarwa na Shekara|{{Nom}} | |- |2014 |Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards (GIAMA) |Mafi kyawun Fim |''Lambar 3 ta Ƙarshe''|{{Won}} | |- |2015 |Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards (GIAMA) |Fim mafi kyau (Drama) |''Mai sayarwa''|{{Won}} | |- |2016 |Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Zulu ta Afirka |Darakta Mafi Kyawu ||{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |[[Best of Nollywood Awards|Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood]] |Comedy na Shekara | rowspan="2" |''[[American driver|Direban Amurka]]''|{{Nom}} | |- |Kyautar Zaɓin Jama'a |Mafi Kyawun Comedy|{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |Kyautar Zaɓin Masu kallo na Afirka (AMVCA) |Mafi kyawun Marubuci (Movie / TV Series) |[[Alter Ego (fim na 2017)|Canja Kai]]|{{Won}} | |- |[[2018 Best of Nollywood Awards|Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood]] |Daraktan Shekara |''[[Body language (2021)|Harshe na Jiki]]''|{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="1" |2020 |Kyautar Hollywood ta Afirka ta 2020 |Darakta mafi kyau a cikin Fim mai zaman kansa (Afirka) |''Rashin Gaskiya''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=HAPAWARDS &#124; HAPA 2020 Winners |url=https://www.hapawards.com/hapa-2020-winners/}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2020 | rowspan="2" |Bikin Fim na Jama'a |Mafi Kyawun Duniya |Ƙafafu na sanyi|{{Won}} | rowspan="2" | |- |Darakta Mafi Kyawu |Ƙafafu na sanyi|{{Won}} |- |2022 |Bikin Fim na NollywoodWeek |Kyautar Zaɓin Jama'a |Rufewa|{{Won}} | |} {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Bayani !Fitowa !Matsayi !Irin wannan |- |1998 |''Mutane Biyu Masu Kyau'' |Moses Inwang ne ya samar da shi |[[Tony Umez]], Ernest Obi, Stephnora Okere |Mai gabatarwa |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- |2004 |''Ka ceci Rai na'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |Ndidi Obi, [[Zack Orji|Zach Orji]] |Mai gabatarwa |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- |2008 |''Mace da ta ɓace'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |[[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade]], [[Bimbo Akintola]], [[Kalu Ikeagwu]] |Chisom Oz-Lee ne ya samar da shi |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- |2016 |''[[Stalker (fim na 2016)|Mai sayarwa]]'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |[[Nse Ikpe-Etim]], [[Jim Iyke]], [[Caroline Danjuma]] |Darakta da marubuci |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- | rowspan="3" |2017 |''[[American driver|Direban Amurka]]'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |Evan King, [[Jim Iyke]], Anita Chris |Bode Ojo da Moses Inwang ne suka samar da shi |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- |''[[Alter Ego (fim na 2017)|Canja Kai]]'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |[[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade]], [[Wale Ojo]], [[Jide Kosoko]]; [[Emem Inwang]], [[Kunle Remi]] |Esther Eyibio ce ta samar da shi |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- |[[Body Language (fim na 2017)|''Harshe na Jiki'']] |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi | | | |- |2018 |''[[Crazy People (2018film)|Mutanen da suka haukace]]'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |[[Ramsey Nouah]], [[Chigul]], [[Desmond Elliot]], [[Kunle Afolayan]] |Mai gabatarwa |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- |2019 |''Ƙafafu na sanyi'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |[[Jim Iyke]], [[Joselyn Dumas]], [[Enyinna Nwigwe]], [[Beverly Naya]], [[Femi Adebayo]] |Mai gabatarwa |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- |2019 |''[[Maza masu farin jini 2|Maza Masu Farin Ciki 2]]'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |[[Jim Iyke]], [[Ayo Makun]], [[Ramsey Nouah]] |Ayo Makun ne ya samar da shi |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- |2020 |''[[Unroyal|Rashin Gaskiya]]'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |[[Pete Edochie]], [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]], Matilda Lambert, [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]], Ik Ogbonna, [[Femi Adebayo|Femi Adebayo Salami]], Ime Bishop Umoh, Abayomi Alvin, [[Linda Osifo]], Emem Inwang |Matilda Lambert Productions ne ya samar da shi |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- |2021 |''[[Lockdown (2021Nigerian film)|Rufewa]]'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |[[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde|Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde]], [[Sola Sobowale]], [[Chioma Chukwuka|Chioma Akpotha]], [[Deyemi Okanlawon]], Nobert Young, [[Charles Awurum]], [[Ini Dima-Okojie]], [[Jide Kene Achufusi]] |Rukeme David Eruotor, Michael Djaba ne ya samar da shi |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- |2021 |''[[Bad comments|Magana mara kyau]]'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |[[Jim Iyke]], [[Osas Ighodaro]], [[Sharon Ooja]], Ini Edo, [[Ayo Makun]], [[Yemi Blaq]], [[Chiwetalu Agu|Chikwetalu Agu]], [[Patience Ozokwor]], Edward Chukwuma-Jiah, Ben Lugo Touitou, |Darlington Abuda ne ya samar da shi |Fim mai ban sha'awa |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''[[Merry Men 3|Maza Masu Farin Ciki 3: Nemesis]]'' |Moses Inwang ne ya shirya shi |Fred Amata, Segun Arinze, Olurotimi Adeyemo, Katerina Ataman |Darlington Abuda ne ya samar da shi |Fim ɗin da aka nuna |- |''[[Blood Vessels (fim na 2023)|Jirgin Jini]]'' | | |Daraktan | |- |2024 |''[[Dead Serious (fim)|Matattu Mai tsanani]]'' | |[[Sharon Ooja]] |Daraktan | |} * [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]] == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gj8we2940rqohplcr4gp2kemahpbfv1 0 54203 863836 862593 2026-06-22T11:58:53Z MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM 37991 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344096093|Emem Isong]]" 863836 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Emem Isong''' listenⓘ marubuci ne na [[Najeriya]], Mai shirya fim-finai, kuma darektan fina-fakka. An fi saninta da fina-finai a cikin harshen Ingilishi, kuma sanannen mutum ne a masana'antar [[Nollywood]]. An saki fasalin ta na biyu a matsayin darektan, Code of Silence, wanda ke hulɗa da fyade a Najeriya, a cikin 2015. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Isong, ta farko cikin yara huɗu, an haife ta ne a ranar 5 ga Satumba kuma ta fito ne daga yankin Ikono na [[Akwa Ibom|Jihar Akwa Ibom]] a Najeriya.<ref name="Birth">{{Cite web |title=iROKOtv Nollywood Icon Birthday: Emem Isong |url=http://blog.irokotv.com/irokotv-nollywood-icon-birthday-eme/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810064730/http://blog.irokotv.com/irokotv-nollywood-icon-birthday-eme/ |archive-date=10 August 2018 |access-date=17 October 2016 |website=IrokoTV Blog}}</ref> Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Jami'ar Calabar]] da difloma a kimiyyar kwamfuta daga Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Kwamfuta (NCR). <ref name="EDUCATION">{{Cite web |title=Emem Isong |url=http://www.sodasandpopcorn.com/people/emem_isong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117211340/http://www.sodasandpopcorn.com/people/emem_isong |archive-date=17 November 2016 |access-date=16 November 2016 |website=Sodas 'N' Popcorn}}</ref> A shekara ta 2024, ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin fina-finai da zane-zane na kafofin watsa labarai daga Jami'ar Creative Arts, Ingila.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2022-12-13 |title=Nollywood's Emem Misodi picks UCA for PhD |url=https://www.uca.ac.uk/blogs/leading-nollywood-filmmaker-picks-uca-for-phd/ |access-date=2025-10-15 |website=University for the Creative Arts - UCA |language=en}}</ref> Ayyukan Isong a cikin fim ya fara ne a 1994 lokacin da ta rubuta rubutun kuma ta hada fim din Jezebel . Shirin farko da ta yi shi ne Breaking Point (1996). Daga baya ta yi aiki tare da Remmy Jez na tsawon shekaru takwas a matsayin furodusa. Dangantakar sana'a ta ƙare a shekara ta 2008, bayan haka ta hada kai da fim din Reloaded . <ref name="Prolific">{{Cite web |last=Olehi |author-link=Uche |title=How Emem Isong emerged Nollywood’s most prolific filmmaker |url=http://encomium.ng/how-emem-isong-emerged-nollywoods-most-prolific-filmmaker/ |access-date=17 October 2016 |website=Encomium}}</ref> Ta rubuta ko kuma ta samar da fina-finai kamar su Reloaded, Breaking Point, She Devil, A Minute To Midnight, Play Boy, Private Sin, Master Stroke, Rumours, Shattered Illusion, Promise Me Forever da Emotional Crack (screenplay). An nuna wannan na ƙarshe a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Emem Isong Biography/ Profile |url=http://www.nigeriamoviesreview.com/celebrities/emem-isong-biography-profile/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170603010750/http://www.nigeriamoviesreview.com/celebrities/emem-isong-biography-profile/ |archive-date=3 June 2017 |access-date=22 September 2016 |publisher=Nigeria Movies Review}}</ref> An kuma san ta da hotunan yaren Yoruba kuma sananniya ce a wannan masana'antar. Fim din Isong ya nuna wasan kwaikwayo na farko na 'yan wasan Nollywood, ciki har da [[Stephanie Okereke Linus|Stephanie Okereke]] da [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Egbuson]] . <ref name="GAY">{{Cite journal |last=Lindsey Green-Simms |last2=Unoma Azuah |date=2012 |title=The Video Closet: Nollywood's gay-themed movies |journal=Transition |publisher=Indiana University Press |issue=107 |pages=32–49 |jstor=10.2979/transition.107.32}}</ref> A cikin 2014, Isong ta ba da umarnin fim dinta na farko na ''[[Champagne]]'', wanda aka fara bugawa a [[Silverbird Galleria]] a [[Tsibirin Victoria, Lagos|Tsibirin Victoria, Legas]] . <ref name="BN">{{Cite web |title=Cute Couple! Emem Isong & Hubby Misodi Akama for ‘Champagne’ Movie Premiere |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/12/cute-couple-emem-isong-hubby-misodi-akama-for-champagne-movie-premiere/ |access-date=22 September 2016 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A watan Agustan 2015, ta fitar da fim din Code of Silence, fim dinta na biyu wanda ta kuma samar, tare da hadin gwiwar Royal Arts Academy da Nollywood Workshop.<ref name="#SHEVOICES">{{Cite web |title=Emem Isong |url=http://tv.awlo.org/shevoices/portfolio/ememisong/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104142137/http://tv.awlo.org/shevoices/portfolio/ememisong/ |archive-date=4 November 2016 |access-date=17 October 2016 |website=African Women Leadership Organization}}</ref> Fim din, wanda ke magana ne game da [[Rape in Nigeria|fyade a Najeriya]], taurari [[Makida Moka]], [[Patience Ozokwor]], [[Ini Edo]], da [[Omoni Oboli]]. Isong has served as a speaker at the Afrinolly masterclass series and also as a judge for the MTN Afrinolly short film competition in 2013. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="&amp;nbsp;Dead link tagged October 2025">dead link</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</span></sup><ref name="AFRINOLLY">{{Cite web |title=Afrinolly MasterClass Series With Charles Aniagolu and Emem Isong |url=http://bits.ng/?p=11224 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104142415/http://bits.ng/?p=11224 |archive-date=4 November 2016 |access-date=16 October 2016 |website=Bits}}</ref><ref name="THRILL">{{Cite web |title=Emem Isong Biography/ Profile |url=http://www.nigeriamoviesreview.com/celebrities/emem-isong-biography-profile/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170603010750/http://www.nigeriamoviesreview.com/celebrities/emem-isong-biography-profile/ |archive-date=3 June 2017 |access-date=22 September 2016 |website=Nigeria Movies Review}}</ref> == Kyauta == An bayyana Isong a matsayin maverick a cikin New Nollywood motsi wanda masu shirya fina-finai suka rarraba wanda ba kawai suke da sha'awar samar da fina-fukkuka ba, amma a cikin ƙirƙirar ayyuka masu mahimmanci da fasaha. Ta yi aiki tare da marubuta daban-daban kamar Rita Onwurah, Karyn Udeh, Toiyoabasi Ekong, Jane Nwachukwu, da Vivian Chiji kuma fina-finai sun nuna 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ciki har da [[Adesua Etomi]], [[Nancy Isime]] da [[Daniel Etim Effiong]] . Wadannan fina-finai galibi ana rarraba su ta hanyar ƙarin ƙoƙari da masu shirya fina-fakkaatu suka yi don tabbatar da ba kawai hanyoyin ba har ma da kayan aikin samarwa da masu shirya fim suka yi amfani da su suna da inganci sosai. Ba game da samarwa ba ne don samarwa amma don fasaha. Wadannan fina-finai kuma ana yin su ne don samun roko na cikin gida da na duniya kamar yadda galibi ana fitar da su a gidajen silima na Najeriya da na kasashen waje. Wannan canjin daga samar da bidiyo na gida zuwa kallon fina-finai shima wani bangare ne na wannan motsi na New Nollywood.<ref name="NEW NOLLYWOOD 2">{{Cite journal |last=Haynes |first=Jonathan |date=1 January 2014 |title=Close-Up:Nollywood—A Worldly Creative Practice: "New Nollywood":Kunle Afolayan |journal=Black Camera |publisher=Indiana University Press |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=53–73 |doi=10.2979/blackcamera.5.2.53 |jstor=10.2979/blackcamera.5.2.53}}</ref><ref name="POSTCOLONIAL EXOTIC">{{Cite journal |last=Alessandro Jedlowski |date=1 March 2014 |title=Nigerian Videos in the Global Arena: The Postcolonial Exotic Revisited |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/538435 |journal=The Global South |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=157–178 |issn=1932-8656}}</ref> Isong is also known for her role in founding the Royal Arts Academy in 2010 and her subsequent role as the academy's CEO. The Royal Arts Academy which she started with [[Uduak Isong Oguamanam|Uduak Oguamanam]], Anietie Isong, and actress [[Monalisa Chinda]], is based in [[Surulere (Lagos)|Surulere]], Lagos State, Nigeria. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="&amp;nbsp;Dead link tagged October 2025">dead link</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</span></sup><ref name="ROYAL ARTS ACADEMY">{{Cite web |title=Emem Isong opens acting academy |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/85-film-tv-workshop/7129-emem-isong-opens-acting-academy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209070904/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/85-film-tv-workshop/7129-emem-isong-opens-acting-academy |archive-date=9 December 2022 |access-date=17 October 2016 |website=Nigeria Films}}</ref> Its mandate is to empower students by giving them the necessary tools required to take part in all aspects of film creation and production preparing them to compete in both the Nigerian and international film industries.<ref name="R A ACADEMY">{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=http://royalartsacademy.com.ng/about-raa/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014061503/http://royalartsacademy.com.ng/about-raa/ |archive-date=14 October 2016 |access-date=17 October 2016 |website=Royal Arts Academy}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="&amp;nbsp;Dead link tagged October 2025">dead link</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</span></sup><ref name="R A Academy 2">{{Cite web |title=Emem Isong's Royal Arts Academy To Improve Film-Making in Nigeria |url=http://www.nigeriamovienetwork.com/articles/read-emem-isongs-royal-arts-academy-to-improve-film-making-in-nigeria_80.html |access-date=17 October 2016 |website=Nigeria Movie Network}}</ref> Students are also given opportunities to win funding to produce films for public release.<ref name="EMPOWER">{{Cite web |last=Tosan |date=27 October 2015 |title=Royal Arts Academy spotlights Film Contest and Awards |url=http://trendyafrica.com/royal-arts-academy-spotlights-film-contest-and-awards/ |access-date=17 October 2016 |website=Trendy Africa}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == An san Isong da zama mai zaman kansa kuma ba ya ba da tambayoyi. Wannan, a cewarta, saboda tana son a cinye aikinta a kan cancanta shi kaɗai ba tare da rayuwarta ta rinjayi masu kallo ba. Isong ta auri Misodi Akama, tare da ita tana da tagwaye da aka haifa a shekara ta 2016. <ref name="BN">{{Cite web |title=Cute Couple! Emem Isong & Hubby Misodi Akama for ‘Champagne’ Movie Premiere |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/12/cute-couple-emem-isong-hubby-misodi-akama-for-champagne-movie-premiere/ |access-date=22 September 2016 |publisher=Bella Naija}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/12/cute-couple-emem-isong-hubby-misodi-akama-for-champagne-movie-premiere/ "Cute Couple! Emem Isong & Hubby Misodi Akama for 'Champagne' Movie Premiere"]. Bella Naija<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2016 |title=Nollywood Producer Emem Isong & her Twins in New Adorable Photos |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/07/nollywood-producer-emem-isong-her-twins-in-new-adorable-photos/ |access-date=22 September 2016 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gbenga Bada |date=5 June 2015 |title=Movie producer pour encomium on son as he turns 8 |url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/emem-isong-movie-producer-pour-encomium-on-son-as-he-turns-8-id3834021.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104141351/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/emem-isong-movie-producer-pour-encomium-on-son-as-he-turns-8-id3834021.html |archive-date=4 November 2016 |access-date=4 November 2016 |website=Pulse}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == Ayyukan fim na Isong sun hada da: <ref name="IMDb">{{Cite web |title=Emem Isong |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2130579/ |access-date=17 October 2016 |website=IMDb}}</ref> === Mai gabatarwa === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken fim din |- |2024 |''Rashin yin shiru'' |- |2023 |''Haka ne zuwa Har abada'' |- |2022 |''Yin rawa tare da Ni'' |- |2021 |''Magungunan da ke da zafi'' |- |2020 |''[[Special Jollof|Jollof na Musamman]]'' |- |2019 |''Yarinyar da take mafarkinta'' |- |2018 |''Mr. & Mrs. Right'' |- |2017 |''[[Body Language (fim na 2017)|Harshe na Jiki]]'' |- |2016 |''[[Ayamma]]'' |- |2015 |''Kada ka yi makao'' |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''[[Apaye|Ka yi watsi da shi]]'' |- |''Yin Ƙarƙashin Ƙofar Sama'' |- |2013 |''Mantawa da Yuni'' |- |2012 |''Lining na azurfa'' |- |2011 |''Zan Yi Da Hanyar da nake Da ita'' |- | rowspan="4" |2010 |''Kiss da Tell'' |- |''Fashewa'' |- |''Tsayawa da Bege'' |- |''Tunanin Yaƙi'' |- |2009 |''Edikan'' |- |2008 |[[Reloaded (2009 fim)|''An sake caji'']] |- | rowspan="3" |2007 |''Lokaci don Ƙauna'' |- |''Kasuwancin da ba a gama ba'' |- |''Yahoo Miliyanari'' |- | rowspan="2" |2006 |''Wasanni Maza suna Wasan'' |- |''Rashin rauni'' |- | rowspan="7" |2005 |''Bayan Ƙofofin da aka rufe'' |- |''Dare mafi duhu'' |- |''Ƙarya marar Ƙarshe'' |- |''Wasanni Mata suna Wasan'' |- |''<nowiki/>'Yan mata a cikin Hood'' |- |''Ina jin ku'' |- |''Maza Suna kuka'' |- | rowspan="4" |2004 |''Shawarwari Mai Muhimmanci'' |- |''Don Gaskiya'' |- |''Jagora'' |- |''Alkawari Ni Har abada'' |- |2003 |''Zunubi na sirri'' |- |1996 |''Matsalar Mataki'' |- |1994 |''Yezabila'' |} === Marubuci === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken fim din |- |2011 |''Zan Yi Da Hanyar da nake Da ita'' |- | rowspan="3" |2008 |''Fashewa'' |- |''Zuciya tana bugun'' |- |[[Reloaded (2009 fim)|''An sake caji'']] |- | rowspan="3" |2007 |''Lokaci don Ƙauna'' |- |''Kasuwancin da ba a gama ba'' |- |''Yahoo Miliyanari'' |- |2006 |''Wasanni Maza suna Wasan'' |- | rowspan="4" |2005 |''Mahimmanci Makafi'' |- |''Dare mafi duhu'' |- |''Rashin Jinƙai'' |- |''Ina jin ku'' |- | rowspan="2" |2004 |''Bautar'' |- |''Alkawari Ni Har abada'' |- |2003 |''Rashin jin daɗi'' |- |1994 |''Yezabila'' |} === Daraktan === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken fim din |- |2014 |''[[Champagne]]'' |- |2015 |[[Code of Silence (fim na 2015)|''Dokar Shiru'']] |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == Kyaututtuka da Isong ta samu sun hada da: <ref name="AM AWARDS">{{Cite web |title=Star of the Week: Emem Isong |url=http://africamagic.dstv.com/2013/08/06/star-of-the-week-emem-isong/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131124083051/http://africamagic.dstv.com/2013/08/06/star-of-the-week-emem-isong/ |archive-date=24 November 2013 |access-date=17 October 2016 |website=Africa Magic}}</ref> [ba daidai ba] <ref name="HOMEVIDA">{{Cite web |title=Winners |url=http://www.homevida.org/winners |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019010354/http://www.homevida.org/winners |archive-date=19 October 2013 |access-date=17 October 2016 |website=Nigeria’s Integrity Film Awards}}</ref> * ZAFAA Awards, in the category of Best Producer for the film ''Memories of my Heart'' (2010). * Wow Divas, Outstanding Contribution to Raising Awareness, Understanding and Hope to those Affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder and Advocating for them through her film ''Silver Lining'' (2012). * [[Kyautar ELOY|ELOY Awards]], Best Movie Producer of the Year for ''I'll Take My Chances'' (2011). * [[Best of Nollywood Awards|Best of Nollywood]], Special Recognition Award. * Ntanla Awards, Industry Merit Awards. * Nigeria's Integrity Film Awards (HomeVida) in the category Family/Child Friendly Category for the film ''Knocking on the Heavens Door'' (2014). * Africa Movie Awards in the category of Best Scriptwriter for the film ''Reloaded'' (2008). {{Ana bukatan hujja|reason=This claim needs a reliable source; this award is not stated in other sources in this section|date=October 2025}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs a reliable source; this award is not stated in other sources in this section (October 2025)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> * ''City People'' Awards in the categories of Best Producer of the Year, and Best Screenplay for the film ''Reloaded'' (2008). {{Ana bukatan hujja|reason=This claim needs a reliable source; this award is not stated in other sources in this section|date=October 2025}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs a reliable source; this award is not stated in other sources in this section (October 2025)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Dubi kuma == * [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]] == Bayanan da aka ambata == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == {{IMDb name|2130579|Emem Isong}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gluqzr1dodlh6mpsv074t475kut7668 0 54315 863136 857507 2026-06-21T14:19:41Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347071205|Baba Dee]]" 863136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist|Name=Baba Dee|native_name=Dare Fasasi|birth_date=|birth_place=|Occupation=Movie director, dancehall artiste|Years_active=1995 - present|Associated_acts=Sound Sultan, 2Baba, Basketmouth, Alibaba Akpobome|image=Baba Dee.jpg|caption=}}'''Dare Fasasi''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Baba Dee''', darektan fina-finai ne na Sweden-Nijeriya, kuma mai zane-zane na rawa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Radio |first=Sveriges |title=First Nollywood film produced by Swedish director - Radio Sweden |url=https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/6157793 |access-date=2021-08-21 |website=sverigesradio.se |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne babban ɗan'uwan mawaƙin mawaƙa na Najeriya, Sound Sultan, tare da wanda ya kafa lakabin rikodin mai suna Naija Ninja Entertainment Production Company. Ayyukan kiɗa na Baba Dee ya fara ne tare da sakin kundi na farko a shekarar 1997. == Ilimi da aiki == Baba Dee ta sami digiri na farko a fannin wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]], da kuma digiri na biyu a cikin jagorantar mataki da fim. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Directors {{!}} African Film Festival, Inc. |url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/#dare-fasasi |access-date=2021-08-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shirinsa na farko a kiɗa shine Lekki Splash Talent Hunt inda ya yi gasa da wasu masu fafatawa tara kuma ya lashe a shekarar 1995.<ref name="thenet.ng" /> Nasarar da ya samu ta haɗa da kwangilar rikodi wanda ya kawo shi cikin masana'antar kiɗa ta Najeriya, bayan haka ya sami wani kwangilar yin rikodi tare da Astro Entertainment a Sweden, wanda ya zagaya Turai tare da wasu masu fasaha. A cikin wata hira ta 2014, ya bayyana cewa ba ya amfani da jima'i wajen inganta kiɗansa. Baba Dee ya jagoranci fim dinsa na farko, Head Gone, a shekarar 2014.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Fasasi, Dare {{!}} African Film Festival, Inc. |url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/dare-fasasi/ |access-date=2021-08-21 |language=en-US}}</ref> Fim din, wanda aka hada shi da dan uwansa, Sound Sultan, ya hada da mawaƙin Najeriya [[2Baba|Tuface]], [[Alibaba Akpobome]], [[Basketmouth]], [[Eniola Badmus]], [[Akpororo]], da sauransu. Head Gone kuma an fara shi ne a Sweden da [[Berlin]] a cikin 2014, kuma an ruwaito shi ne fim na farko na Nollywood da wani darektan Sweden ya yi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Radio |first=Sveriges |title=First Nollywood film produced by Swedish director - Radio Sweden |url=https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/6157793 |access-date=2021-08-26 |website=sverigesradio.se |language=en}}</ref> .<ref>{{Cite web |last=eventnewsafrica |last2=eventnewsafrica |date=2015-08-28 |title=Police IG assures COSON of full support in the war against copyright theft |url=https://www.eventnews.tv/press-release/coson-copyright-theft/ |access-date=2021-08-26 |website=Eventnews Africa |language=en-US}}</ref>A cikin 2013, Baba Dee ya bayyana niyyarsa na yin takara don zama memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Legas, Oriade Amuwo Odofin mazabar 2, a Babban Zabe na Najeriya na 2015. Ya kuma kasance memba na kwamitin kungiyar haƙƙin mallaka ta Najeriya == Rayuwa ta mutum == Baba Dee shi ne babban ɗan'uwan mawaƙin Najeriya kuma mai kida, Sound Sultan, wanda ya mutu a ranar 11 ga Yulin 2021. A wani girmamawa ga marigayi ɗan'uwansa a watan Yulin 2021, ya yi ƙoƙari ya sulhunta 'yan uwan tagwaye [[Mr. P (mawaƙi)|Peter Okoye]] da Paul Okoye, ƙungiyar kiɗa ta tsohuwar [[P-Square]] wacce ke rikici.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Baba Dee Begs P-Square To Reunite, Ends Tubaba And Blackface’s ‘Beef’ |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2021/07/25/baba-dee-begs-p-square-to-reunite-ends-tubaba-and-blackfaces-beef/ |access-date=2021-08-21 |website=Channels Television}}</ref> Yana da ɗa mai suna Tunde Vahlberg Fasasi . == Hotunan fina-finai == * Head Gone (2014) - Darakta <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Fasasi, Dare {{!}} African Film Festival, Inc. |url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/dare-fasasi/ |access-date=2021-08-21 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://africanfilmny.org/directors/dare-fasasi/ "Fasasi, Dare | African Film Festival, Inc"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Bayanan da aka yi == '''Kundin studio''' * Tsaya 4 Hanyar (2018) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Baba Dee on Apple Music |url=https://music.apple.com/ca/artist/baba-dee/257021175 |access-date=2021-08-21 |website=Apple Music |language=en-CA}}</ref> * ''Boom Box'' (2014) * Mai amfani da yawa (2007) * ''Mafi Bukatar'' (1997) '''Singles & EPs''' * Ayyukan "Daggarin". Jaycii (2019) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Baba Dee on Apple Music |url=https://music.apple.com/ca/artist/baba-dee/257021175 |access-date=2021-08-21 |website=Apple Music |language=en-CA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://music.apple.com/ca/artist/baba-dee/257021175 "Baba Dee on Apple Music"]. ''Apple Music''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> * "Duk Game da Kai" (2017) <ref name=":0" /> {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 3muwejomajhkl4cfvxb8qhteg075ijq 863138 863136 2026-06-21T14:21:20Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 863138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dare Fasasi''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Baba Dee''', darektan fina-finai ne na Sweden-Nijeriya, kuma mai zane-zane na rawa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Radio |first=Sveriges |title=First Nollywood film produced by Swedish director - Radio Sweden |url=https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/6157793 |access-date=2021-08-21 |website=sverigesradio.se |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne babban ɗan'uwan mawaƙin mawaƙa na Najeriya, Sound Sultan, tare da wanda ya kafa lakabin rikodin mai suna Naija Ninja Entertainment Production Company. Ayyukan kiɗa na Baba Dee ya fara ne tare da sakin kundi na farko a shekarar 1997. == Ilimi da aiki == Baba Dee ta sami digiri na farko a fannin wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]], da kuma digiri na biyu a cikin jagorantar mataki da fim. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Directors {{!}} African Film Festival, Inc. |url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/#dare-fasasi |access-date=2021-08-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shirinsa na farko a kiɗa shine Lekki Splash Talent Hunt inda ya yi gasa da wasu masu fafatawa tara kuma ya lashe a shekarar 1995.<ref name="thenet.ng" /> Nasarar da ya samu ta haɗa da kwangilar rikodi wanda ya kawo shi cikin masana'antar kiɗa ta Najeriya, bayan haka ya sami wani kwangilar yin rikodi tare da Astro Entertainment a Sweden, wanda ya zagaya Turai tare da wasu masu fasaha. A cikin wata hira ta 2014, ya bayyana cewa ba ya amfani da jima'i wajen inganta kiɗansa. Baba Dee ya jagoranci fim dinsa na farko, Head Gone, a shekarar 2014.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Fasasi, Dare {{!}} African Film Festival, Inc. |url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/dare-fasasi/ |access-date=2021-08-21 |language=en-US}}</ref> Fim din, wanda aka hada shi da dan uwansa, Sound Sultan, ya hada da mawaƙin Najeriya [[2Baba|Tuface]], [[Alibaba Akpobome]], [[Basketmouth]], [[Eniola Badmus]], [[Akpororo]], da sauransu. Head Gone kuma an fara shi ne a Sweden da [[Berlin]] a cikin 2014, kuma an ruwaito shi ne fim na farko na Nollywood da wani darektan Sweden ya yi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Radio |first=Sveriges |title=First Nollywood film produced by Swedish director - Radio Sweden |url=https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/6157793 |access-date=2021-08-26 |website=sverigesradio.se |language=en}}</ref> .<ref>{{Cite web |last=eventnewsafrica |last2=eventnewsafrica |date=2015-08-28 |title=Police IG assures COSON of full support in the war against copyright theft |url=https://www.eventnews.tv/press-release/coson-copyright-theft/ |access-date=2021-08-26 |website=Eventnews Africa |language=en-US}}</ref>A cikin 2013, Baba Dee ya bayyana niyyarsa na yin takara don zama memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Legas, Oriade Amuwo Odofin mazabar 2, a Babban Zabe na Najeriya na 2015. Ya kuma kasance memba na kwamitin kungiyar haƙƙin mallaka ta Najeriya == Rayuwa ta mutum == Baba Dee shi ne babban ɗan'uwan mawaƙin Najeriya kuma mai kida, Sound Sultan, wanda ya mutu a ranar 11 ga Yulin 2021. A wani girmamawa ga marigayi ɗan'uwansa a watan Yulin 2021, ya yi ƙoƙari ya sulhunta 'yan uwan tagwaye [[Mr. P (mawaƙi)|Peter Okoye]] da Paul Okoye, ƙungiyar kiɗa ta tsohuwar [[P-Square]] wacce ke rikici.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Baba Dee Begs P-Square To Reunite, Ends Tubaba And Blackface’s ‘Beef’ |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2021/07/25/baba-dee-begs-p-square-to-reunite-ends-tubaba-and-blackfaces-beef/ |access-date=2021-08-21 |website=Channels Television}}</ref> Yana da ɗa mai suna Tunde Vahlberg Fasasi . == Hotunan fina-finai == * Head Gone (2014) - Darakta <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Fasasi, Dare {{!}} African Film Festival, Inc. |url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/dare-fasasi/ |access-date=2021-08-21 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://africanfilmny.org/directors/dare-fasasi/ "Fasasi, Dare | African Film Festival, Inc"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Bayanan da aka yi == '''Kundin studio''' * Tsaya 4 Hanyar (2018) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Baba Dee on Apple Music |url=https://music.apple.com/ca/artist/baba-dee/257021175 |access-date=2021-08-21 |website=Apple Music |language=en-CA}}</ref> * ''Boom Box'' (2014) * Mai amfani da yawa (2007) * ''Mafi Bukatar'' (1997) '''Singles & EPs''' * Ayyukan "Daggarin". Jaycii (2019) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Baba Dee on Apple Music |url=https://music.apple.com/ca/artist/baba-dee/257021175 |access-date=2021-08-21 |website=Apple Music |language=en-CA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://music.apple.com/ca/artist/baba-dee/257021175 "Baba Dee on Apple Music"]. ''Apple Music''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-21</span></span>.</cite></ref> * "Duk Game da Kai" (2017) <ref name=":0" /> {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] gvboj7jsplswpw7xccyzqfgnr1ahhr8 2 57329 863329 851742 2026-06-21T16:13:34Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863329 wikitext text/x-wiki == Bio == [[Fayil:Abdool.jpg|thumb|at a Wikipedia edit-a-thon event in 2024]] My name is [[User: Abdurra'uf|Abdurra'uf]] '''Usman'''. I am an ardent wikipedia editor of '''Hausa Wikimedia user group''' from Katsina state. Born and raised in katsina, I am a full Hausa young man although born to Yoruba parents. I was introduced to the Wikimedia foundation in the month of June 2023, and since then I have been dedicated to the contribution and growth of the community. == Engagements == [[Fayil:Wiki....jpg|thumb|A picture of Wikipedia jotter in 2024]] Since joining the Wikimedia foundation, I have been able to participate in numerous events which normally do take place on a monthly basis. I participated in the wikidata contest(WPWW) in December 2023, and I ranked 3rd at the conclusion of the contest with a cash prize. I was opportuned to have taken part in outreach programmes and excursions, the most recent ones were the Outreach programme to Hassan Usman polytechnic Katsina and the excursion Ajiwa water treatment plant amongst others. I am also privileged to be amongst the newly selected team leads of the '''Hausa Wikimedia user group''' as a member of the logistics team. As a team lead, I take it upon myself to check up on my team and track up their respective progresses and contributions to the Wikimeda foundation. I was also opportuned to be part of the team that represented Wikimedia at Khuddams College of Health Sciences for the periodic outreach. e9nvdm2fdvakkoblfwh0svfubsp3szu 863374 863329 2026-06-21T17:22:42Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863374 wikitext text/x-wiki == Bio == [[Fayil:Abdool.jpg|thumb|at a Wikipedia edit-a-thon event in 2024]] My name is [[User: Abdurra'uf|Abdurra'uf]] '''Usman'''. I am an ardent wikipedia editor of '''Hausa Wikimedia user group''' from Katsina state. Born and raised in katsina, I am a full Hausa young man although born to Yoruba parents. I was introduced to the Wikimedia foundation in the month of June 2023, and since then I have been dedicated to the contribution and growth of the community. == Engagements == [[Fayil:Wiki....jpg|thumb|A picture of Wikipedia jotter in 2024]] Since joining the Wikimedia foundation, I have been able to participate in numerous events which take place on a monthly basis. I participated in the wikidata contest(WPWW) in December 2023, and I ranked 3rd at the conclusion of the contest with a cash prize. I was opportuned to have taken part in outreach programmes and excursions, the most recent ones were the Outreach programme to Hassan Usman polytechnic Katsina and the excursion Ajiwa water treatment plant amongst others. I am also privileged to be amongst the newly selected team leads of the '''Hausa Wikimedia user group''' as a member of the logistics team. As a team lead, I take it upon myself to check up on my team and track up their respective progresses and contributions to the Wikimeda foundation. I was also opportuned to be part of the team that represented Wikimedia at Khuddams College of Health Sciences for the periodic outreach. g68io6xjwx8e5dcgz4liaogx5hm2cow 0 62041 863084 861597 2026-06-21T13:43:35Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1313192288|Andrew Dosunmu]]" 863084 wikitext text/x-wiki   Andrew Dosunmu Na Najeriya ne mai daukar hoto kuma mai yin fim wanda ya zama sananne a Amurka bayan ya ba da umarnin bidiyon kiɗa ga masu fasaha daban-daban ciki har da Isaac Hayes, Angie Stone, Common, Tracy Chapman, Wyclef Jean, Kelis, Aaron Neville, Talib Kweli, da Maxwell.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2008 |title=Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |archive-date=25 February 2011 |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=hautefashionafrica.com}}</ref> Shi ne darektan fim din wasan kwaikwayo na 2011 Restless City, [1] wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2011. Fim dinsa na gaba, 2013's Mother of George, shi ma an fara shi a Sundance, kuma shine zaɓin Closing Night don bikin fina-finai na Maryland 2013. Dosunmu yana zaune tsakanin Birnin New York da Legas, Najeriya,<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Restless City: A Film by Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.restlesscityfilm.com/ |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=Restlesscityfilm.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == '''Hotuna''' Dosunmu ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mataimakin zane a gidan kayan ado na Yves Saint Laurent . Daga baya ya zama darektan kirkirar (yana aiki a wannan matsayi don murfin kundin ga masu fasaha kamar Erykah Badu da Public Enemy) da kuma [[Mai daukar hoto|mai]] Ƙaunar hoto, tare da hotunansa da ke bayyana a cikin mujallu daban-daban na duniya. A shekara ta 2007, an girmama shi da buƙatar yin magana a taron TED Global . Dosunmu ya ba da umarni kuma ya ɗauki hotunan tallace-tallace da yawa don buga tallace-tsalle da talabijin don kamfanoni kamar AT&amp;amp;T, General Motors, Levi's, Giordano Jeans, Kenneth Cole, Buddy System don [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], My Kind of Town don AMES, Soul Food don Showtime. Hotuna daga shirinsa na The African Game an buga su a cikin Littafin teburin kofi ta PowerHouse Books . An zaɓi Dosunmu kwanan nan don shiga cikin baje kolin daukar hoto Snap Judgments: New Positions in Contemporary Photography a Cibiyar daukar hoto ta Duniya . <ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2008 |title=Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |archive-date=25 February 2011 |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=hautefashionafrica.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ "Andrew Dosunmu"]. hautefashionafrica.com. 27 February 2008. Archived from [http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ the original] on 25 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Home &#124; International Center of Photography |url=http://www.icp.org/ |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=Icp.org}}</ref> Dosunmu ya kasance [[mai daukar hoto]] mai ba da gudummawa ga wallafe-wallafen kamar Vibe, ''Clam'', ''Fader'', Face, Paper, Interview, ''i-D'', Vogue Hommes - [[Faransa]] da [[Italiya]], Complex, da ''Ebony''. == Gudanarwa == Dosunmu ya fara zama darektan tare da bidiyon kiɗa ga Isaac Hayes a shekarar 1996. Ya ci gaba da jagorantar bidiyon kiɗa ga wasu masu fasaha da yawa ciki har da Angie Stone, Common, Wyclef Jean, Kelis, Aaron Neville, Maxwell, Tracy Chapman da Talib Kweli. Shirinsa na 1999 "''Hot Irons''", ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun shirin a [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] . Dosunmu ya ba da umarnin abubuwan da suka faru na jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu ''Yizo, Yizo'', wanda ke nuna muhawara game da manufofi game da ilimi a makarantar sakandare ta [[Johannesburg]] a Afirka ta Kudu bayan wariyar launin fata. A shekara ta 2010, a cikin jagorancin gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|Kofin Duniya]] ta farko a Afirka, Dosunmu ya samar da wani shirin, The African Game, inda ya binciki wasan kwallon kafa (ƙwallon ƙafa) a nahiyar da alakarsa da al'adun Afirka a duk bambancin ta. Canjinsa zuwa fina-finai ya zo ne a cikin 2011 tare da fim din Restless City, wanda aka fara a bikin fina-falla na Sundance zuwa sake dubawa mai kyau. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Irin wannan ! class="unsortable" |Kyaututtuka |- |1999 |''Hot Irons'' |Daraktan |Hotuna |Kyautar FESPACO da Reel mafi kyawun takardun |- |2004 |''Yizo Yizo'' |Daraktan |Shirye-shiryen talabijin | |- |2010 |''Wasan Afirka'' |Darakta / mai samarwa |Shirye-shiryen / wasanni | |- |2011 |''[[Restless City|Birni mara kwanciyar hankali]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo / kiɗa | |- |2013 |''[[Mother of George|Uwar George]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo |Zaɓin dare na rufewa, Bikin Fim na Maryland |- |2017 |''[[Where Is Kyra?|Ina Kyra take?]]'' |Darakta / Marubucin Labari |Wasan kwaikwayo | |- |2022 |''[[Kyakkyawan fim (fim na 2022)|Kyakkyawan]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo, soyayya | |- |2023 |''Circus Maximus'' |Daraktan "Hyaena" |Waƙoƙi | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == {{Andrew Dosunmu}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] kvv42ek34wkuzu8g2s1w00x4z6np2gk 863085 863084 2026-06-21T13:44:27Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 863085 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Andrew Dosunmu Na Najeriya ne mai daukar hoto kuma mai yin fim wanda ya zama sananne a Amurka bayan ya ba da umarnin bidiyon kiɗa ga masu fasaha daban-daban ciki har da Isaac Hayes, Angie Stone, Common, Tracy Chapman, Wyclef Jean, Kelis, Aaron Neville, Talib Kweli, da Maxwell.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2008 |title=Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |archive-date=25 February 2011 |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=hautefashionafrica.com}}</ref> Shi ne darektan fim din wasan kwaikwayo na 2011 Restless City, [1] wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2011. Fim dinsa na gaba, 2013's Mother of George, shi ma an fara shi a Sundance, kuma shine zaɓin Closing Night don bikin fina-finai na Maryland 2013. Dosunmu yana zaune tsakanin Birnin New York da Legas, Najeriya,<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Restless City: A Film by Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.restlesscityfilm.com/ |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=Restlesscityfilm.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == '''Hotuna''' Dosunmu ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mataimakin zane a gidan kayan ado na Yves Saint Laurent . Daga baya ya zama darektan kirkirar (yana aiki a wannan matsayi don murfin kundin ga masu fasaha kamar Erykah Badu da Public Enemy) da kuma [[Mai daukar hoto|mai]] Ƙaunar hoto, tare da hotunansa da ke bayyana a cikin mujallu daban-daban na duniya. A shekara ta 2007, an girmama shi da buƙatar yin magana a taron TED Global . Dosunmu ya ba da umarni kuma ya ɗauki hotunan tallace-tallace da yawa don buga tallace-tsalle da talabijin don kamfanoni kamar AT&amp;amp;T, General Motors, Levi's, Giordano Jeans, Kenneth Cole, Buddy System don [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], My Kind of Town don AMES, Soul Food don Showtime. Hotuna daga shirinsa na The African Game an buga su a cikin Littafin teburin kofi ta PowerHouse Books . An zaɓi Dosunmu kwanan nan don shiga cikin baje kolin daukar hoto Snap Judgments: New Positions in Contemporary Photography a Cibiyar daukar hoto ta Duniya . <ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2008 |title=Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |archive-date=25 February 2011 |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=hautefashionafrica.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ "Andrew Dosunmu"]. hautefashionafrica.com. 27 February 2008. Archived from [http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ the original] on 25 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Home &#124; International Center of Photography |url=http://www.icp.org/ |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=Icp.org}}</ref> Dosunmu ya kasance [[mai daukar hoto]] mai ba da gudummawa ga wallafe-wallafen kamar Vibe, ''Clam'', ''Fader'', Face, Paper, Interview, ''i-D'', Vogue Hommes - [[Faransa]] da [[Italiya]], Complex, da ''Ebony''. == Gudanarwa == Dosunmu ya fara zama darektan tare da bidiyon kiɗa ga Isaac Hayes a shekarar 1996. Ya ci gaba da jagorantar bidiyon kiɗa ga wasu masu fasaha da yawa ciki har da Angie Stone, Common, Wyclef Jean, Kelis, Aaron Neville, Maxwell, Tracy Chapman da Talib Kweli. Shirinsa na 1999 "''Hot Irons''", ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun shirin a [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] . Dosunmu ya ba da umarnin abubuwan da suka faru na jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu ''Yizo, Yizo'', wanda ke nuna muhawara game da manufofi game da ilimi a makarantar sakandare ta [[Johannesburg]] a Afirka ta Kudu bayan wariyar launin fata. A shekara ta 2010, a cikin jagorancin gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|Kofin Duniya]] ta farko a Afirka, Dosunmu ya samar da wani shirin, The African Game, inda ya binciki wasan kwallon kafa (ƙwallon ƙafa) a nahiyar da alakarsa da al'adun Afirka a duk bambancin ta. Canjinsa zuwa fina-finai ya zo ne a cikin 2011 tare da fim din Restless City, wanda aka fara a bikin fina-falla na Sundance zuwa sake dubawa mai kyau. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Irin wannan ! class="unsortable" |Kyaututtuka |- |1999 |''Hot Irons'' |Daraktan |Hotuna |Kyautar FESPACO da Reel mafi kyawun takardun |- |2004 |''Yizo Yizo'' |Daraktan |Shirye-shiryen talabijin | |- |2010 |''Wasan Afirka'' |Darakta / mai samarwa |Shirye-shiryen / wasanni | |- |2011 |''[[Restless City|Birni mara kwanciyar hankali]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo / kiɗa | |- |2013 |''[[Mother of George|Uwar George]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo |Zaɓin dare na rufewa, Bikin Fim na Maryland |- |2017 |''[[Where Is Kyra?|Ina Kyra take?]]'' |Darakta / Marubucin Labari |Wasan kwaikwayo | |- |2022 |''[[Kyakkyawan fim (fim na 2022)|Kyakkyawan]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo, soyayya | |- |2023 |''Circus Maximus'' |Daraktan "Hyaena" |Waƙoƙi | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == {{Andrew Dosunmu}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 9g7xn7towe0k2nqzba1k11d3z46fo61 863086 863085 2026-06-21T13:45:16Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 863086 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Andrew Dosunmu Na Najeriya ne mai daukar hoto kuma mai yin fim wanda ya zama sananne a Amurka bayan ya ba da umarnin bidiyon kiɗa ga masu fasaha daban-daban ciki har da Isaac Hayes, Angie Stone, Common, Tracy Chapman, Wyclef Jean, Kelis, Aaron Neville, Talib Kweli, da Maxwell.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2008 |title=Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |archive-date=25 February 2011 |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=hautefashionafrica.com}}</ref> Shi ne darektan fim din wasan kwaikwayo na 2011 Restless City, [1] wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2011. Fim dinsa na gaba, 2013's Mother of George, shi ma an fara shi a Sundance, kuma shine zaɓin Closing Night don bikin fina-finai na Maryland 2013. Dosunmu yana zaune tsakanin Birnin New York da Legas, Najeriya,<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Restless City: A Film by Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.restlesscityfilm.com/ |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=Restlesscityfilm.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == '''Hotuna''' Dosunmu ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mataimakin zane a gidan kayan ado na Yves Saint Laurent . Daga baya ya zama darektan kirkirar (yana aiki a wannan matsayi don murfin kundin ga masu fasaha kamar Erykah Badu da Public Enemy) da kuma [[Mai ɗaukar hoto|mai]] Ƙaunar hoto, tare da hotunansa da ke bayyana a cikin mujallu daban-daban na duniya. A shekara ta 2007, an girmama shi da buƙatar yin magana a taron TED Global . Dosunmu ya ba da umarni kuma ya ɗauki hotunan tallace-tallace da yawa don buga tallace-tsalle da talabijin don kamfanoni kamar AT&amp;amp;T, General Motors, Levi's, Giordano Jeans, Kenneth Cole, Buddy System don [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], My Kind of Town don AMES, Soul Food don Showtime. Hotuna daga shirinsa na The African Game an buga su a cikin Littafin teburin kofi ta PowerHouse Books . An zaɓi Dosunmu kwanan nan don shiga cikin baje kolin daukar hoto Snap Judgments: New Positions in Contemporary Photography a Cibiyar daukar hoto ta Duniya . <ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2008 |title=Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |archive-date=25 February 2011 |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=hautefashionafrica.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ "Andrew Dosunmu"]. hautefashionafrica.com. 27 February 2008. Archived from [http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ the original] on 25 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Home &#124; International Center of Photography |url=http://www.icp.org/ |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=Icp.org}}</ref> Dosunmu ya kasance [[mai daukar hoto]] mai ba da gudummawa ga wallafe-wallafen kamar Vibe, ''Clam'', ''Fader'', Face, Paper, Interview, ''i-D'', Vogue Hommes - [[Faransa]] da [[Italiya]], Complex, da ''Ebony''. == Gudanarwa == Dosunmu ya fara zama darektan tare da bidiyon kiɗa ga Isaac Hayes a shekarar 1996. Ya ci gaba da jagorantar bidiyon kiɗa ga wasu masu fasaha da yawa ciki har da Angie Stone, Common, Wyclef Jean, Kelis, Aaron Neville, Maxwell, Tracy Chapman da Talib Kweli. Shirinsa na 1999 "''Hot Irons''", ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun shirin a [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] . Dosunmu ya ba da umarnin abubuwan da suka faru na jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu ''Yizo, Yizo'', wanda ke nuna muhawara game da manufofi game da ilimi a makarantar sakandare ta [[Johannesburg]] a Afirka ta Kudu bayan wariyar launin fata. A shekara ta 2010, a cikin jagorancin gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|Kofin Duniya]] ta farko a Afirka, Dosunmu ya samar da wani shirin, The African Game, inda ya binciki wasan kwallon kafa (ƙwallon ƙafa) a nahiyar da alakarsa da al'adun Afirka a duk bambancin ta. Canjinsa zuwa fina-finai ya zo ne a cikin 2011 tare da fim din Restless City, wanda aka fara a bikin fina-falla na Sundance zuwa sake dubawa mai kyau. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Irin wannan ! class="unsortable" |Kyaututtuka |- |1999 |''Hot Irons'' |Daraktan |Hotuna |Kyautar FESPACO da Reel mafi kyawun takardun |- |2004 |''Yizo Yizo'' |Daraktan |Shirye-shiryen talabijin | |- |2010 |''Wasan Afirka'' |Darakta / mai samarwa |Shirye-shiryen / wasanni | |- |2011 |''[[Restless City|Birni mara kwanciyar hankali]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo / kiɗa | |- |2013 |''[[Mother of George|Uwar George]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo |Zaɓin dare na rufewa, Bikin Fim na Maryland |- |2017 |''[[Where Is Kyra?|Ina Kyra take?]]'' |Darakta / Marubucin Labari |Wasan kwaikwayo | |- |2022 |''[[Kyakkyawan fim (fim na 2022)|Kyakkyawan]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo, soyayya | |- |2023 |''Circus Maximus'' |Daraktan "Hyaena" |Waƙoƙi | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == {{Andrew Dosunmu}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 0e1l9sia3m5awudbmnsg4e4uspwx7wa 863091 863086 2026-06-21T13:47:26Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 863091 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Andrew Dosunmu Na Najeriya ne mai daukar hoto kuma mai yin fim wanda ya zama sananne a Amurka bayan ya ba da umarnin bidiyon kiɗa ga masu fasaha daban-daban ciki har da Isaac Hayes, Angie Stone, Common, Tracy Chapman, Wyclef Jean, Kelis, Aaron Neville, Talib Kweli, da Maxwell.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2008 |title=Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |archive-date=25 February 2011 |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=hautefashionafrica.com}}</ref> Shi ne darektan fim din wasan kwaikwayo na 2011 Restless City, [1] wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2011. Fim dinsa na gaba, 2013's Mother of George, shi ma an fara shi a Sundance, kuma shine zaɓin Closing Night don bikin fina-finai na Maryland 2013. Dosunmu yana zaune tsakanin Birnin New York da Legas, Najeriya,<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Restless City: A Film by Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.restlesscityfilm.com/ |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=Restlesscityfilm.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == '''Hotuna''' Dosunmu ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mataimakin zane a gidan kayan ado na Yves Saint Laurent . Daga baya ya zama darektan kirkirar (yana aiki a wannan matsayi don murfin kundin ga masu fasaha kamar Erykah Badu da Public Enemy) da kuma [[Mai ɗaukar hoto|mai]] Ƙaunar hoto, tare da hotunansa da ke bayyana a cikin mujallu daban-daban na duniya. A shekara ta 2007, an girmama shi da buƙatar yin magana a taron TED Global . Dosunmu ya ba da umarni kuma ya ɗauki hotunan tallace-tallace da yawa don buga tallace-tsalle da talabijin don kamfanoni kamar AT&amp;amp;T, General Motors, Levi's, Giordano Jeans, Kenneth Cole, Buddy System don [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], My Kind of Town don AMES, Soul Food don Showtime. Hotuna daga shirinsa na The African Game an buga su a cikin Littafin teburin kofi ta PowerHouse Books . An zaɓi Dosunmu kwanan nan don shiga cikin baje kolin daukar hoto Snap Judgments: New Positions in Contemporary Photography a Cibiyar daukar hoto ta Duniya . <ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2008 |title=Andrew Dosunmu |url=http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ |archive-date=25 February 2011 |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=hautefashionafrica.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110225063053/http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ "Andrew Dosunmu"]. hautefashionafrica.com. 27 February 2008. Archived from [http://www.hautefashionafrica.com/art/andrew-dosunmu/ the original] on 25 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Home &#124; International Center of Photography |url=http://www.icp.org/ |access-date=7 December 2011 |publisher=Icp.org}}</ref> Dosunmu ya kasance [[mai daukar hoto]] mai ba da gudummawa ga wallafe-wallafen kamar Vibe, ''Clam'', ''Fader'', Face, Paper, Interview, ''i-D'', Vogue Hommes - [[Faransa]] da [[Italiya]], Complex, da ''Ebony''. == Gudanarwa == Dosunmu ya fara zama darektan tare da bidiyon kiɗa ga Isaac Hayes a shekarar 1996. Ya ci gaba da jagorantar bidiyon kiɗa ga wasu masu fasaha da yawa ciki har da Angie Stone, Common, Wyclef Jean, Kelis, Aaron Neville, Maxwell, Tracy Chapman da Talib Kweli. Shirinsa na 1999 "''Hot Irons''", ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun shirin a [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] . Dosunmu ya ba da umarnin abubuwan da suka faru na jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Afirka ta Kudu ''Yizo, Yizo'', wanda ke nuna muhawara game da manufofi game da ilimi a makarantar sakandare ta [[Johannesburg]] a Afirka ta Kudu bayan wariyar launin fata. A shekara ta 2010, a cikin jagorancin gasar cin [[Kofin kwallon kafa na FIFA na duniya|Kofin Duniya]] ta farko a Afirka, Dosunmu ya samar da wani shirin, The African Game, inda ya binciki wasan kwallon kafa (ƙwallon ƙafa) a nahiyar da alakarsa da al'adun Afirka a duk bambancin ta. Canjin sa zuwa fina-finai ya zo ne a cikin 2011 tare da fim din Restless City, wanda aka fara a bikin fina-falla na Sundance zuwa sake dubawa mai kyau. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Irin wannan ! class="unsortable" |Kyaututtuka |- |1999 |''Hot Irons'' |Daraktan |Hotuna |Kyautar FESPACO da Reel mafi kyawun takardun |- |2004 |''Yizo Yizo'' |Daraktan |Shirye-shiryen talabijin | |- |2010 |''Wasan Afirka'' |Darakta / mai samarwa |Shirye-shiryen / wasanni | |- |2011 |''[[Restless City|Birni mara kwanciyar hankali]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo / kiɗa | |- |2013 |''[[Mother of George|Uwar George]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo |Zaɓin dare na rufewa, Bikin Fim na Maryland |- |2017 |''[[Where Is Kyra?|Ina Kyra take?]]'' |Darakta / Marubucin Labari |Wasan kwaikwayo | |- |2022 |''[[Kyakkyawan fim (fim na 2022)|Kyakkyawan]]'' |Daraktan |Wasan kwaikwayo, soyayya | |- |2023 |''Circus Maximus'' |Daraktan "Hyaena" |Waƙoƙi | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == {{Andrew Dosunmu}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] kxiinrcowl9sanoc3lev40vbaxgigzv 0 62171 862943 857893 2026-06-21T12:47:45Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Early life and education" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354856501|Daniel Etim Effiong]]" 862943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daniel Etim Effiong''', kuma '''Daniel Etim-Effiong''' <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 30, 2020 |title=The Photos from Inside Mimi Onalaja's 30th Birthday Party That'll Make You Feel Like You Were There Too |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/09/mimi-onalaja-30th-birthday-party/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma darektan fim na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2020 |title=Moët's "Night With The Stars" delivers All The Nollywood Inspiration You need with Daniel Etim Effiong, Kate Henshaw, Mawuli Gavor & Omotola Jalade Ekeinde |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/01/moet-interview-part-1/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Etim Effiong a [[Jaji, Najeriya|Jaji]] a [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]], Najeriya . A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa ya zauna a Benin City, [[Edo|Jihar Edo]]; [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]]; da [[Abuja]] . Mahaifinsa, tsohon Lieutenant Colonel Moses Effiong, an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai bayan an yi masa zargi da ƙarya a juyin mulkin Mamman Vatsa na 1985 a lokacin mulkin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] . An tura shi kurkuku lokacin da Etim Effiong ke da shekara guda. Mahaifiyarsa ta mutu lokacin da yake dan shekara hudu a kan hanyarsa ta ziyarci mijinta a kurkuku.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=Daniel Etim Effiong Biography - 88Lately |url=https://88lately.com/daniel-etim-effiong-biography/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> An saki mahaifin Etim Effiong a 1993 kuma shugaban kasa [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya ba shi cikakken gafarar shugaban ƙasa a shekarar 2020 .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Why My Dad Was Sentenced to Life Imprisonment - Daniel Etim-Effiong |url=https://vocal.media/humans/why-my-dad-was-sentenced-to-life-imprisonment-daniel-etim-effiong |access-date=2025-11-28 |website=Humans |language=en}}</ref> Ya kuma halarci makarantar St. Mary's Private School a [[Tsibirin Lagos|Tsibirin Legas]], Jihar Legas, sannan ya biyo bayan Kwalejin Gwamnati, [[Ikorodu]], kuma a Jihar Legasa, don karatun sakandare. Ya sami digiri a fannin Injiniyan sunadarai a [[Minna]]" id="mwMQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Federal University of Technology, Minna">Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya da ke Minna, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]] . Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci yana aiki a matsayin injiniya a masana'antar mai da iskar gas, ya ci gaba da karatun fim, rubutun allo da kuma ba da umarni a [[AFDA, Makaranta don Ƙarfafa Tattalin Arziki|Makarantar Fim ta AFDA]] a Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == === Shekaru na 2010 === Bayan ya bar aikinsa na mai da iskar gas, ya zama mai samar da abun ciki ga [[Ndani TV|NdaniTV]] . <ref name="En">{{Cite web |date=February 27, 2020 |title=Bimbo Ademoye, Daniel Etim Effiong, Reminisce and other promising stars to watch out for |url=https://encomium.ng/7th-amvca-bimbo-ademoye-daniel-etim-effiong-reminisce-and-other-promising-stars-to-watch-out-for/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Encomium}}</ref> Farawa a farkon shekarun 2010, Etim Effiong ya ɗauki matsayi a cikin jerin yanar gizo da talabijin waɗanda suka haɗa da Goddammit It's Monday (2012), ''[[Gidi Up]]'' (2013), ''Mataimakin Madams'', Castle da Castle (2018) da The Men's Club (2018). A cikin shekarar 2017, ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo na minti biyar mai taken Prey wanda ke nuna [[Tope Tedela]] da Odenike Odetola . <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2017 |title=He Directed…She Produced! WATCH Toyosi & Daniel Etim-Effiong's Short Film "Prey" on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/12/directed-produced-watch-toyosi-daniel-etim-effiongs-short-film-prey-bn-tv/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A cikin 2018, ya fara yin fim dinsa na farko a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na New Money . Nasarar da ya samu ta zo ne a shekara mai zuwa a fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Kenya, Shirin B, tare da [[Sarah Hassan]] da [[Catherine Kamau|Catherine Kamau Karanja]] kuma yana wasa da Shugaba na Najeriya na kamfanin Nairobi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2020 |title=Plan B |url=https://paukwa.or.ke/plan-b/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Paukwa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Plan B |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2019/02/plan-b.html |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Nollywood Reinvented}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=February 14, 2020 |title=7 Nigerian movies you can enjoy with bae in February |url=https://stories.showmax.com/7-nigerian-movies-you-can-enjoy-with-bae-in-february/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Showmax Stories |archive-date=February 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226102826/https://stories.showmax.com/7-nigerian-movies-you-can-enjoy-with-bae-in-february/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=February 14, 2019 |title=#BNMovieFeature – Valentine's Day Special: WATCH Lowla Dee's "Plan B" starring Daniel Etim Effiong, Lenana Kariba, Sarah Hassan |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/02/bnmoviefeature-valentines-day-special-watch-lowla-dees-plan-b-starring-daniel-etim-effiong-lenana-kariba-sarah-hassan/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar Best Actor a Comedy a 7th [[Kyautar zaɓuɓɓuka masu kallon afirka|AMVCA]] awards 2020 saboda rawar da ya taka.<ref name="En" /> === Shekaru na 2020 === A cikin 2020, ya [[Skin (fim din 2019)|''Fata'']] zama darektan tare da Fish Bone, wani ɗan gajeren fim wanda ya magance batun yaudarar miyagun ƙwayoyi, kuma ya fito tare da [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] da Moshood Fattah . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 1, 2020 |title=Editi Effiong's "Fishbone" Is Perfect for Movie Night {{!}} Watch on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/05/fishbone-movie-editi-effiong/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A wannan shekarar ya bayyana a cikin Storm, wani ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Ike Onyema da Atteh 'SirDee' Daniel kuma Michael 'AMA Psalmist' Akinrogunde ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 30, 2020 |title=Diane Russet and Etim Effiong are star-crossed lovers in 'Storm' short film [Trailer] |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/diane-russet-and-etim-effiong-are-star-crossed-lovers-in-storm-short-film-trailer/tbxr1ls |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=July 13, 2020 |title=Diane Russet's Short Film "Storm" Proves Love can be Found in the Most Unexpected Circumstances |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/07/diane-russet-short-film-storm/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> Har ila yau, a cikin 2020, an saki fim dinsa na farko, shirin Netflix Skin, wanda ya binciki batun launi a Najeriya. Ya ƙunshi [[Beverly Naya]] wanda kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okiche |first=Wilfred |date=July 8, 2020 |title=Film Review: The triumphs and layered questions of Daniel Etim Effiong's Skin |url=https://ynaija.com/film-review-the-moral-failures-of-daniel-etim-effiongs-skin/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |website=YNaija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwosu |first=IK |date=July 7, 2020 |title=Beverly Naya's "Skin" Has Helped Young Girls Reconsider Bleaching |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/07/beverly-naya-skin-documentary-exclusive-interview/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 10, 2020 |title=Beverly Naya's "Skin" Documentary Is Coming To Netflix Soon |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/beverly-naya-skin-documentary/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2021, ya fito a cikin Collision Course, fim din [[Bolanle Austen-Peters]] wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar [[End SARS|#EndSars]]. A wannan shekarar, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a karo na biyu na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na shari'a na Netflix, ''Castle da Castle.'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kan |first=Toni |date=2022-08-28 |title=Echoes of #Endsars as "Collision Course" wows towards Netflix premiere — Chris Iheuwa |url=https://thelagosreview.ng/echoes-of-endsars-as-collision-course-wows-towards-netflix-premiere-chris-iheuwa/ |access-date=2025-11-29 |website=The Lagos Review |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya sami lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Actor saboda rawar da ya taka a ''[[Kofa (fim 2022)|Kofa]]'' a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a 2022 kuma an zabi shi don Mafi kyawun A actor a 2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards . Ya kuma sami gabatarwa ga [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] don Mafi kyawun Actor a Matsayin Jagora don Jolly Roger, wasan kwaikwayo na aikata laifuka na Netflix. Ya bayyana a cikin Blood Sisters, mai ban tsoro da kuma jerin shirye-shiryen Najeriya na farko na Netflix wanda ya kai saman 10 a cikin ƙasashe 30. ''Selina,'' wanda aka saki don YouTube, ya kasance sananne ne don kasancewa misali na farko na yiwuwar kudi na dandalin gudana ga masu shirya fina-finai na Nollywood. Fim din ya fito da Etim Effiong da Bunmi Akingbola a matsayin masoya biyu daga asali daban-daban. Masu sauraro sun karɓa sosai kuma ''Selena 2'' da ''Selena 3'' sun biyo baya a wannan shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-12 |title=The 20 Greatest Romantic Nollywood Films of All Time - What Kept Me Up |url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/nollywood-movies/the-20-greatest-romantic-nollywood-films-of-all-time/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Esther |first=Usoro Glory |date=2022-12-06 |title=YouTube's lists show Nigeria's top creators, content of 2022 - |url=https://businessday.ng/life-arts/article/youtubes-lists-show-nigerias-top-creators-content-of-2022/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, ya fito a fina-finai da yawa, ciki har da A Weekend To Forget, wanda ya yi aiki sosai a ofishin jakadancin Najeriya; <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Top-Grossing Films of 2023 & 2024 – BusinessDay Intelligence |url=https://businessdayintelligence.ng/the-top-grossing-films-of-2023-2024/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> fim din [[Niyi Akinmolayan]] [[Mikolo (fim)|''Mikolo'']], fim din rayuwa da fim din fantasy na iyali; Different Strokes, wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na [[Biodun Stephen]]; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Different Strokes {{!}} Nollywood Reinvented |url=https://nollywoodreinvented.com/2024/03/different-strokes.html |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> da ''Selina''<nowiki/>'s Wedding, kashi na huɗu na jerin fina-fukan Selina. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Selina's Wedding {{!}} Nollywood Reinvented |url=https://nollywoodreinvented.com/2023/10/selinas-wedding.html |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kuma fito a cikin A Young Time Ago da Lily of the Valley, fitowar YouTube tare da [[Nancy Isime]] .<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-08 |title="A Young Time Ago" Review: Subtle but Visible Misogyny Takes Front Row in the Tolu Lordtanner-Directed Drama - Afrocritik |url=https://afrocritik.com/a-young-time-ago-review-subtle-but-visible-misogyny-takes-front-row-in-the-tolu-lordtanner-directed-drama/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarata 2024, ya fito a cikin ''[[Òlóturé|Olotūré]]'': The Journey, wani jerin shirye-shiryen Netflix da suka biyo bayan wasan kwaikwayo na Mo Abudu wanda ya samar da Òlòtûré (2019). A cikin 2025, ya ba da umarni kuma ya fito a cikin The Herd, wani labari mai ban tsoro wanda ya biyo bayan sace wani rukuni na mutane da 'yan bindiga da ke nuna kansu a matsayin makiyaya. An sake shi a cikin fina-finai a watan Oktoba, an fara shi a Netflix a ranar 21 ga watan Nuwamba, ya kai lamba daya a kan jadawalin Najeriya na dandalin.<ref name="bfw">{{Cite web |last=Fon Dufe |first=Sahndra|date=2025-11-24 |title=Daniel Etim Effiong's "The Herd" Arrives on No 1 on Netflix Nigeria - And the Conversation Has Already Begun |url=https://www.blackfilmwire.com/post/daniel-etim-effiong-s-the-herd-arrives-on-no-1-on-netflix-nigeria-and-the-conversation-has-alrea |access-date=2025-11-28 |website=Black Film Wire |language=en}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Shirye-shiryen talabijin === {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani !Ref |- |2020 |''Mataimakin Madams'' | |1 fitowar | |- |2019 |''Gidan sarauta da Gidan sarauniya'' |Mike Amenechi | |<ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2018-08-01 |title=Will Remi be able to handle this Moral Dilemma? Watch episode 5 of Castle & Castle Exclusively on EbonylifeON |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/08/episode-5-castle-castle-only-ebonylifeon/ |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2018– |''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]'' |Lanre | |<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-11-12 |title=Full biography of Nollywood actor Daniel Etim Effiong and other facts about him |url=https://dnbstories.com/2020/11/full-biography-of-nollywood-actor-daniel-etim-effiong.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=DNB Stories |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2013 |''[[Gidi Up]]'' |Folarin | |<ref name=":0" /> |- |2012 |''Goddammit Litinin ne'' |Mata |Abubuwa 2 | |- |2021 |''Castle &amp;amp; Castle'' |Mike Amenechi |Abubuwa 15 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-07 |title=Castle & Castle: What official trailer for season 2 |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/castle-and-castle-what-official-trailer-for-season-2/5hxt9g1 |access-date=2021-10-03 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> |- |2022 |''[[Sisters Blood (2022 TV series)|<nowiki/>'Yan uwa mata na jini]]'' |Aikin |Abubuwa 4 | |- |2024 |''Oloture: Tafiyar'' |Tony |Abubuwa 3 | |} === Fim din === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%; margin:auto; background:#fff;" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani !Ref |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Garken'' | |Har ila yau darektan |<ref name="bfw" /> |- |''[[Aso Ebi Diaries|Rubuce-rubucen Aso Ebi]]'' | |[[Biodun Stephen]] ne ya shirya |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Okeke-Korieocha |first=Ifeoma |date=2025-04-19 |title=From fabric to film: How "Aso Ebi Diaries" stitched Nigeria's fashion, culture into cinematic history |url=https://businessday.ng/bd-weekender/article/from-fabric-to-film-how-aso-ebi-diaries-stitched-nigerias-fashion-culture-into-cinematic-history/?amp |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> |- | rowspan="7" |2023 |''Barage'' |Matsakaicin |Emmanuel Akaemeh ne ya shirya | |- |''Bikin auren Selina'' |Ruuben |tare da Bimbo Ademoye, Oluwaseun Ayinde | |- |''Lokacin Ƙuruciya da ya gabata'' |Tsohon Tayo |tare da Sophie Alakija, Omobola Akinde | |- |''[[A Weekend To Forget (fim)|A karshen mako da za a manta da shi]]'' |Shima |Damola Ademola ne ya shirya | |- |''Lily na kwarin'' |Bily |tare da Nancy Isime, Olaye Benjamin | |- |''[[Mikolo (fim)|Mikolo]]'' |Maleek (mahaifin) |Niyi Akinmolayan ne ya shirya |<ref name="MilMstImpFilm_Med">{{Cite web |last=Titiloye |first=Ladipo |date=2023-08-24 |title=Why Niyi Akinmolayan's Mikolo is Nigeria's Most Important Film of the Year |url=https://ladipotitiloye.medium.com/why-niyi-akinmolayans-mikolo-is-nigeria-s-most-important-film-of-the-year-61591c4e2c9d |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> |- |''Strokes daban-daban'' |Khalid |Tare da Lateef Adedimeji, Shaffy Bello | |- | rowspan="3" |2022 |''[[Kofa (fim 2022)|Kofa]]'' |Wale |Kyautar AFRIFF da kuma gabatarwa ta AMVCA |<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2022 |title=Jude Idada's 'Kofa' nabs 3 major awards at AFRIFF 2022|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/jude-idadas-kofa-nabs-3-major-awards-at-afriff-2022/nlhklnp |access-date=2022-11-16 |website=www.pulse.ng |language=en|last=Udodiong|first=Inemesit|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |''Selina'' |Ruuben |Tare da Bimbo Ademoye, Ivy Antiev | |- |''Mai farin ciki Roger'' |Ruwa |Nomin da aka samu a gasar cin kofin fim din Afirka | |- |2021 |''[[Still Falling|Har yanzu yana faɗuwa]]'' |Kyaftin Lagi |Tare da [[Sharon Ooja]] |<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 February 2021 |title=Watch the official trailer for 'Still Falling' starring Sharon Ooja, Daniel Etim-Effiong |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/watch-the-official-trailer-for-still-falling-starring-sharon-ooja-daniel-etim-effiong/qv3t67j.amp |access-date=2021-03-20 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |''Fata'' |Daraktan |Shirin da ke nuna [[Eku Edewor]] da [[Beverly Naya]] |<ref>{{Cite web |title=SKIN |url=https://www.urbanworld.org/2019/skin |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Urbanworld |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''Guguwa'' |Guguwa |Gajeren fim tare da [[Diane Russet]] |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-30 |title=Diane Russet and Etim Effiong are star-crossed lovers in 'Storm' short film [Trailer] |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/diane-russet-and-etim-effiong-are-star-crossed-lovers-in-storm-short-film-trailer/tbxr1ls |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''Kashi na Kifi'' |Sufeto |Takaitaccen fim tare da [[Shafy Bello]] da Moshood Fattah |<ref name="bellanaija.com">{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-05-01 |title=Editi Effiong's "Fishbone" Is Perfect for Movie Night {{!}} Watch on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/05/fishbone-movie-editi-effiong/ |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2019 |''[[Òlóturé|Olotūré]]'' |Tony |Tare da Beverly Osu, Blossom Chukwujekwu, Ada Ameh |<ref>{{Cite web |last=nollywoodreinvented |date=2020-10-05 |title=Òlòtūré |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2020/10/oloture.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Nollywood Reinvented |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''[[Makate Must Sell|Dole ne a sayar da shi]]'' |Gbenro |Tare da Igwe 2pac, Toyin Ibrahim, Diipo Adeusi | |- |''[[Plan B (2019 fim)|Shirin B]]'' |Dele Coker |Matsayin jagora |<ref>{{Cite web |last=nollywoodreinvented |date=2019-02-15 |title=Plan B |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2019/02/plan-b.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Nollywood Reinvented |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2018 |''[[New Money (fim na 2018)|Sabon Kudi]]'' |Ganiyu Osamede |Tare da Dakore Akande | |- |2017 |''Abin da aka fara ganinsa'' |Daraktan |Takaitaccen ɗan gajeren lokaci |<ref name="bellanaija.com" /> |} == Farkon rayuwa da karatu == An haifi Etim Effiong a garin Jaji da ke Jihar Kaduna, Najeriya. A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa ya zauna a Birnin Benin na Jihar Edo, da Jihar Legas, da kuma Abuja. Ya yi karatunsa na firamare a Makarantar St. Mary's Private School da ke Tsibirin Legas (Lagos Island), a Jihar Legas. Daga nan ya ci gaba da karatun sakandare a Government College, Ikorodu, wanda ke cikin Jihar Legas. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2022 |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun Actor a Matsayin Jagora |''Mai farin ciki Roger'' |{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Africa Movie Academy Awards: Adjetey Anang wins, check out full list of winners – MyJoyOnline |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/africa-movie-academy-awards-adjetey-anang-wins-check-out-full-list-of-winners/ |access-date=2025-02-14 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2022 |[[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Drama, Movie ko TV Series | rowspan="2" |''Kofa'' |{{Won}} |<ref name=":1" /> |- |2023 |[[2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Comedy Drama, Movie ko TV Series |{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Check Out The Full List Of Winners At The Ninth Edition Of The Africa Magic Viewers’ Choice Awards |url=https://www.dstv.com/africamagic/en-ng/show/amvca/season/9/winners |access-date=2026-05-06 |website=AMVCA – Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |language=en|date=2023-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606125406/https://www.dstv.com/africamagic/en-ng/show/amvca/season/9/winners|archive-date=2023-06-06|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Lawal 2023">{{Cite web |last=Lawal |first=Khadijat |date=2023-05-21 |title=AMVCA 2023: Full List Of Winners |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2023/05/21/amvca-2023-full-list-of-winners/amp/ |access-date=2023-06-10 |website=Channels Television}}</ref> |} == Rayuwa ta mutum == Ainihin Eong ya auri Toyosi Etim-Effiong tun daga 4 ga Nuwamba 2017. Sun fara haduwa a watan Agustan 2016 yayin da suke aiki a kan roject.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 28, 2017 |title=WEDDINGSBN Celebrity Weddings: Toyosi Phillips & Daniel Etim Effiong's #3StrandCord #YorubaEfikMergerBellaNaija Weddings |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/11/toyosi-phillips-and-etim-effiongs-3strandcord-wedding/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> Ma'auratan sun yi maraba da ɗansu na farko, jariri, a watan Janairun 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 16, 2019 |title=Toyosi and Daniel Etim Effiong's baby girl is here and she is so cute! |url=https://www.informationnigeria.com/2019/01/toyosi-and-daniel-etim-effiongs-baby-girl-is-here-and-she-is-so-cute.html |access-date=October 22, 2020 |publisher=Information Nigeria}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [[IMDb]].com/name/nm5652097/" id="mwBCg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Daniel Etim Effiong a kan IMDb * {{Twitter|eetimm|Daniel Etim Effiong}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] tf19526thdz4n8k1lphkhdm2q3fy3fl 862986 862943 2026-06-21T13:03:41Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Career" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354856501|Daniel Etim Effiong]]" 862986 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daniel Etim Effiong''', kuma '''Daniel Etim-Effiong''' <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 30, 2020 |title=The Photos from Inside Mimi Onalaja's 30th Birthday Party That'll Make You Feel Like You Were There Too |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/09/mimi-onalaja-30th-birthday-party/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma darektan fim na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2020 |title=Moët's "Night With The Stars" delivers All The Nollywood Inspiration You need with Daniel Etim Effiong, Kate Henshaw, Mawuli Gavor & Omotola Jalade Ekeinde |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/01/moet-interview-part-1/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Etim Effiong a [[Jaji, Najeriya|Jaji]] a [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]], Najeriya . A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa ya zauna a Benin City, [[Edo|Jihar Edo]]; [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]]; da [[Abuja]] . Mahaifinsa, tsohon Lieutenant Colonel Moses Effiong, an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai bayan an yi masa zargi da ƙarya a juyin mulkin Mamman Vatsa na 1985 a lokacin mulkin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] . An tura shi kurkuku lokacin da Etim Effiong ke da shekara guda. Mahaifiyarsa ta mutu lokacin da yake dan shekara hudu a kan hanyarsa ta ziyarci mijinta a kurkuku.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=Daniel Etim Effiong Biography - 88Lately |url=https://88lately.com/daniel-etim-effiong-biography/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> An saki mahaifin Etim Effiong a 1993 kuma shugaban kasa [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya ba shi cikakken gafarar shugaban ƙasa a shekarar 2020 .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Why My Dad Was Sentenced to Life Imprisonment - Daniel Etim-Effiong |url=https://vocal.media/humans/why-my-dad-was-sentenced-to-life-imprisonment-daniel-etim-effiong |access-date=2025-11-28 |website=Humans |language=en}}</ref> Ya kuma halarci makarantar St. Mary's Private School a [[Tsibirin Lagos|Tsibirin Legas]], Jihar Legas, sannan ya biyo bayan Kwalejin Gwamnati, [[Ikorodu]], kuma a Jihar Legasa, don karatun sakandare. Ya sami digiri a fannin Injiniyan sunadarai a [[Minna]]" id="mwMQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Federal University of Technology, Minna">Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya da ke Minna, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]] . Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci yana aiki a matsayin injiniya a masana'antar mai da iskar gas, ya ci gaba da karatun fim, rubutun allo da kuma ba da umarni a [[AFDA, Makaranta don Ƙarfafa Tattalin Arziki|Makarantar Fim ta AFDA]] a Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == === Shekaru na 2010 === Bayan ya bar aikinsa na mai da iskar gas, ya zama mai samar da abun ciki ga [[Ndani TV|NdaniTV]] . <ref name="En">{{Cite web |date=February 27, 2020 |title=Bimbo Ademoye, Daniel Etim Effiong, Reminisce and other promising stars to watch out for |url=https://encomium.ng/7th-amvca-bimbo-ademoye-daniel-etim-effiong-reminisce-and-other-promising-stars-to-watch-out-for/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Encomium}}</ref> Farawa a farkon shekarun 2010, Etim Effiong ya ɗauki matsayi a cikin jerin yanar gizo da talabijin waɗanda suka haɗa da Goddammit It's Monday (2012), ''[[Gidi Up]]'' (2013), ''Mataimakin Madams'', Castle da Castle (2018) da The Men's Club (2018). A cikin shekarar 2017, ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo na minti biyar mai taken Prey wanda ke nuna [[Tope Tedela]] da Odenike Odetola . <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2017 |title=He Directed…She Produced! WATCH Toyosi & Daniel Etim-Effiong's Short Film "Prey" on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/12/directed-produced-watch-toyosi-daniel-etim-effiongs-short-film-prey-bn-tv/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A cikin 2018, ya fara yin fim dinsa na farko a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na New Money . Nasarar da ya samu ta zo ne a shekara mai zuwa a fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Kenya, Shirin B, tare da [[Sarah Hassan]] da [[Catherine Kamau|Catherine Kamau Karanja]] kuma yana wasa da Shugaba na Najeriya na kamfanin Nairobi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2020 |title=Plan B |url=https://paukwa.or.ke/plan-b/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Paukwa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Plan B |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2019/02/plan-b.html |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Nollywood Reinvented}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=February 14, 2020 |title=7 Nigerian movies you can enjoy with bae in February |url=https://stories.showmax.com/7-nigerian-movies-you-can-enjoy-with-bae-in-february/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Showmax Stories |archive-date=February 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226102826/https://stories.showmax.com/7-nigerian-movies-you-can-enjoy-with-bae-in-february/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=February 14, 2019 |title=#BNMovieFeature – Valentine's Day Special: WATCH Lowla Dee's "Plan B" starring Daniel Etim Effiong, Lenana Kariba, Sarah Hassan |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/02/bnmoviefeature-valentines-day-special-watch-lowla-dees-plan-b-starring-daniel-etim-effiong-lenana-kariba-sarah-hassan/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar Best Actor a Comedy a 7th [[Kyautar zaɓuɓɓuka masu kallon afirka|AMVCA]] awards 2020 saboda rawar da ya taka.<ref name="En" /> === Shekaru na 2020 === A cikin 2020, ya [[Skin (fim din 2019)|''Fata'']] zama darektan tare da Fish Bone, wani ɗan gajeren fim wanda ya magance batun yaudarar miyagun ƙwayoyi, kuma ya fito tare da [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] da Moshood Fattah . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 1, 2020 |title=Editi Effiong's "Fishbone" Is Perfect for Movie Night {{!}} Watch on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/05/fishbone-movie-editi-effiong/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A wannan shekarar ya bayyana a cikin Storm, wani ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Ike Onyema da Atteh 'SirDee' Daniel kuma Michael 'AMA Psalmist' Akinrogunde ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 30, 2020 |title=Diane Russet and Etim Effiong are star-crossed lovers in 'Storm' short film [Trailer] |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/diane-russet-and-etim-effiong-are-star-crossed-lovers-in-storm-short-film-trailer/tbxr1ls |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=July 13, 2020 |title=Diane Russet's Short Film "Storm" Proves Love can be Found in the Most Unexpected Circumstances |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/07/diane-russet-short-film-storm/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> Har ila yau, a cikin 2020, an saki fim dinsa na farko, shirin Netflix Skin, wanda ya binciki batun launi a Najeriya. Ya ƙunshi [[Beverly Naya]] wanda kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okiche |first=Wilfred |date=July 8, 2020 |title=Film Review: The triumphs and layered questions of Daniel Etim Effiong's Skin |url=https://ynaija.com/film-review-the-moral-failures-of-daniel-etim-effiongs-skin/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |website=YNaija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwosu |first=IK |date=July 7, 2020 |title=Beverly Naya's "Skin" Has Helped Young Girls Reconsider Bleaching |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/07/beverly-naya-skin-documentary-exclusive-interview/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 10, 2020 |title=Beverly Naya's "Skin" Documentary Is Coming To Netflix Soon |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/beverly-naya-skin-documentary/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2021, ya fito a cikin Collision Course, fim din [[Bolanle Austen-Peters]] wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar [[End SARS|#EndSars]]. A wannan shekarar, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a karo na biyu na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na shari'a na Netflix, ''Castle da Castle.'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kan |first=Toni |date=2022-08-28 |title=Echoes of #Endsars as "Collision Course" wows towards Netflix premiere — Chris Iheuwa |url=https://thelagosreview.ng/echoes-of-endsars-as-collision-course-wows-towards-netflix-premiere-chris-iheuwa/ |access-date=2025-11-29 |website=The Lagos Review |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya sami lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Actor saboda rawar da ya taka a ''[[Kofa (fim 2022)|Kofa]]'' a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a 2022 kuma an zabi shi don Mafi kyawun A actor a 2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards . Ya kuma sami gabatarwa ga [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] don Mafi kyawun Actor a Matsayin Jagora don Jolly Roger, wasan kwaikwayo na aikata laifuka na Netflix. Ya bayyana a cikin Blood Sisters, mai ban tsoro da kuma jerin shirye-shiryen Najeriya na farko na Netflix wanda ya kai saman 10 a cikin ƙasashe 30. ''Selina,'' wanda aka saki don YouTube, ya kasance sananne ne don kasancewa misali na farko na yiwuwar kudi na dandalin gudana ga masu shirya fina-finai na Nollywood. Fim din ya fito da Etim Effiong da Bunmi Akingbola a matsayin masoya biyu daga asali daban-daban. Masu sauraro sun karɓa sosai kuma ''Selena 2'' da ''Selena 3'' sun biyo baya a wannan shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-12 |title=The 20 Greatest Romantic Nollywood Films of All Time - What Kept Me Up |url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/nollywood-movies/the-20-greatest-romantic-nollywood-films-of-all-time/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Esther |first=Usoro Glory |date=2022-12-06 |title=YouTube's lists show Nigeria's top creators, content of 2022 - |url=https://businessday.ng/life-arts/article/youtubes-lists-show-nigerias-top-creators-content-of-2022/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, ya fito a fina-finai da yawa, ciki har da A Weekend To Forget, wanda ya yi aiki sosai a ofishin jakadancin Najeriya; <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Top-Grossing Films of 2023 & 2024 – BusinessDay Intelligence |url=https://businessdayintelligence.ng/the-top-grossing-films-of-2023-2024/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> fim din [[Niyi Akinmolayan]] [[Mikolo (fim)|''Mikolo'']], fim din rayuwa da fim din fantasy na iyali; Different Strokes, wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na [[Biodun Stephen]]; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Different Strokes {{!}} Nollywood Reinvented |url=https://nollywoodreinvented.com/2024/03/different-strokes.html |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> da ''Selina''<nowiki/>'s Wedding, kashi na huɗu na jerin fina-fukan Selina. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Selina's Wedding {{!}} Nollywood Reinvented |url=https://nollywoodreinvented.com/2023/10/selinas-wedding.html |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kuma fito a cikin A Young Time Ago da Lily of the Valley, fitowar YouTube tare da [[Nancy Isime]] .<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-08 |title="A Young Time Ago" Review: Subtle but Visible Misogyny Takes Front Row in the Tolu Lordtanner-Directed Drama - Afrocritik |url=https://afrocritik.com/a-young-time-ago-review-subtle-but-visible-misogyny-takes-front-row-in-the-tolu-lordtanner-directed-drama/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarata 2024, ya fito a cikin ''[[Òlóturé|Olotūré]]'': The Journey, wani jerin shirye-shiryen Netflix da suka biyo bayan wasan kwaikwayo na Mo Abudu wanda ya samar da Òlòtûré (2019). A cikin 2025, ya ba da umarni kuma ya fito a cikin The Herd, wani labari mai ban tsoro wanda ya biyo bayan sace wani rukuni na mutane da 'yan bindiga da ke nuna kansu a matsayin makiyaya. An sake shi a cikin fina-finai a watan Oktoba, an fara shi a Netflix a ranar 21 ga watan Nuwamba, ya kai lamba daya a kan jadawalin Najeriya na dandalin.<ref name="bfw">{{Cite web |last=Fon Dufe |first=Sahndra|date=2025-11-24 |title=Daniel Etim Effiong's "The Herd" Arrives on No 1 on Netflix Nigeria - And the Conversation Has Already Begun |url=https://www.blackfilmwire.com/post/daniel-etim-effiong-s-the-herd-arrives-on-no-1-on-netflix-nigeria-and-the-conversation-has-alrea |access-date=2025-11-28 |website=Black Film Wire |language=en}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Shirye-shiryen talabijin === {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani !Ref |- |2020 |''Mataimakin Madams'' | |1 fitowar | |- |2019 |''Gidan sarauta da Gidan sarauniya'' |Mike Amenechi | |<ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2018-08-01 |title=Will Remi be able to handle this Moral Dilemma? Watch episode 5 of Castle & Castle Exclusively on EbonylifeON |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/08/episode-5-castle-castle-only-ebonylifeon/ |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2018– |''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]'' |Lanre | |<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-11-12 |title=Full biography of Nollywood actor Daniel Etim Effiong and other facts about him |url=https://dnbstories.com/2020/11/full-biography-of-nollywood-actor-daniel-etim-effiong.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=DNB Stories |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2013 |''[[Gidi Up]]'' |Folarin | |<ref name=":0" /> |- |2012 |''Goddammit Litinin ne'' |Mata |Abubuwa 2 | |- |2021 |''Castle &amp;amp; Castle'' |Mike Amenechi |Abubuwa 15 |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-07 |title=Castle & Castle: What official trailer for season 2 |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/castle-and-castle-what-official-trailer-for-season-2/5hxt9g1 |access-date=2021-10-03 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> |- |2022 |''[[Sisters Blood (2022 TV series)|<nowiki/>'Yan uwa mata na jini]]'' |Aikin |Abubuwa 4 | |- |2024 |''Oloture: Tafiyar'' |Tony |Abubuwa 3 | |} === Fim din === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%; margin:auto; background:#fff;" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani !Ref |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Garken'' | |Har ila yau darektan |<ref name="bfw" /> |- |''[[Aso Ebi Diaries|Rubuce-rubucen Aso Ebi]]'' | |[[Biodun Stephen]] ne ya shirya |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Okeke-Korieocha |first=Ifeoma |date=2025-04-19 |title=From fabric to film: How "Aso Ebi Diaries" stitched Nigeria's fashion, culture into cinematic history |url=https://businessday.ng/bd-weekender/article/from-fabric-to-film-how-aso-ebi-diaries-stitched-nigerias-fashion-culture-into-cinematic-history/?amp |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> |- | rowspan="7" |2023 |''Barage'' |Matsakaicin |Emmanuel Akaemeh ne ya shirya | |- |''Bikin auren Selina'' |Ruuben |tare da Bimbo Ademoye, Oluwaseun Ayinde | |- |''Lokacin Ƙuruciya da ya gabata'' |Tsohon Tayo |tare da Sophie Alakija, Omobola Akinde | |- |''[[A Weekend To Forget (fim)|A karshen mako da za a manta da shi]]'' |Shima |Damola Ademola ne ya shirya | |- |''Lily na kwarin'' |Bily |tare da Nancy Isime, Olaye Benjamin | |- |''[[Mikolo (fim)|Mikolo]]'' |Maleek (mahaifin) |Niyi Akinmolayan ne ya shirya |<ref name="MilMstImpFilm_Med">{{Cite web |last=Titiloye |first=Ladipo |date=2023-08-24 |title=Why Niyi Akinmolayan's Mikolo is Nigeria's Most Important Film of the Year |url=https://ladipotitiloye.medium.com/why-niyi-akinmolayans-mikolo-is-nigeria-s-most-important-film-of-the-year-61591c4e2c9d |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> |- |''Strokes daban-daban'' |Khalid |Tare da Lateef Adedimeji, Shaffy Bello | |- | rowspan="3" |2022 |''[[Kofa (fim 2022)|Kofa]]'' |Wale |Kyautar AFRIFF da kuma gabatarwa ta AMVCA |<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2022 |title=Jude Idada's 'Kofa' nabs 3 major awards at AFRIFF 2022|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/jude-idadas-kofa-nabs-3-major-awards-at-afriff-2022/nlhklnp |access-date=2022-11-16 |website=www.pulse.ng |language=en|last=Udodiong|first=Inemesit|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |''Selina'' |Ruuben |Tare da Bimbo Ademoye, Ivy Antiev | |- |''Mai farin ciki Roger'' |Ruwa |Nomin da aka samu a gasar cin kofin fim din Afirka | |- |2021 |''[[Still Falling|Har yanzu yana faɗuwa]]'' |Kyaftin Lagi |Tare da [[Sharon Ooja]] |<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 February 2021 |title=Watch the official trailer for 'Still Falling' starring Sharon Ooja, Daniel Etim-Effiong |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/watch-the-official-trailer-for-still-falling-starring-sharon-ooja-daniel-etim-effiong/qv3t67j.amp |access-date=2021-03-20 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |''Fata'' |Daraktan |Shirin da ke nuna [[Eku Edewor]] da [[Beverly Naya]] |<ref>{{Cite web |title=SKIN |url=https://www.urbanworld.org/2019/skin |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Urbanworld |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''Guguwa'' |Guguwa |Gajeren fim tare da [[Diane Russet]] |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-30 |title=Diane Russet and Etim Effiong are star-crossed lovers in 'Storm' short film [Trailer] |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/diane-russet-and-etim-effiong-are-star-crossed-lovers-in-storm-short-film-trailer/tbxr1ls |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''Kashi na Kifi'' |Sufeto |Takaitaccen fim tare da [[Shafy Bello]] da Moshood Fattah |<ref name="bellanaija.com">{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-05-01 |title=Editi Effiong's "Fishbone" Is Perfect for Movie Night {{!}} Watch on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/05/fishbone-movie-editi-effiong/ |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2019 |''[[Òlóturé|Olotūré]]'' |Tony |Tare da Beverly Osu, Blossom Chukwujekwu, Ada Ameh |<ref>{{Cite web |last=nollywoodreinvented |date=2020-10-05 |title=Òlòtūré |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2020/10/oloture.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Nollywood Reinvented |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''[[Makate Must Sell|Dole ne a sayar da shi]]'' |Gbenro |Tare da Igwe 2pac, Toyin Ibrahim, Diipo Adeusi | |- |''[[Plan B (2019 fim)|Shirin B]]'' |Dele Coker |Matsayin jagora |<ref>{{Cite web |last=nollywoodreinvented |date=2019-02-15 |title=Plan B |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2019/02/plan-b.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Nollywood Reinvented |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2018 |''[[New Money (fim na 2018)|Sabon Kudi]]'' |Ganiyu Osamede |Tare da Dakore Akande | |- |2017 |''Abin da aka fara ganinsa'' |Daraktan |Takaitaccen ɗan gajeren lokaci |<ref name="bellanaija.com" /> |} == Farkon rayuwa da karatu == An haifi Etim Effiong a garin Jaji da ke Jihar Kaduna, Najeriya. A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa ya zauna a Birnin Benin na Jihar Edo, da Jihar Legas, da kuma Abuja. Ya yi karatunsa na firamare a Makarantar St. Mary's Private School da ke Tsibirin Legas (Lagos Island), a Jihar Legas. Daga nan ya ci gaba da karatun sakandare a Government College, Ikorodu, wanda ke cikin Jihar Legas. == Aiki == Bayan ya bar aikinsa na mai da iskar gas, ya zama mai samar da abun ciki ga [[Ndani TV|NdaniTV]] . <ref name="En">{{Cite web |date=February 27, 2020 |title=Bimbo Ademoye, Daniel Etim Effiong, Reminisce and other promising stars to watch out for |url=https://encomium.ng/7th-amvca-bimbo-ademoye-daniel-etim-effiong-reminisce-and-other-promising-stars-to-watch-out-for/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Encomium}}</ref> A cikin 2017, ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo na minti biyar mai taken Prey wanda ke nuna [[Tope Tedela]] da Odenike Odetola . <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2017 |title=He Directed…She Produced! WATCH Toyosi & Daniel Etim-Effiong's Short Film "Prey" on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/12/directed-produced-watch-toyosi-daniel-etim-effiongs-short-film-prey-bn-tv/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A cikin 2020, ya [[Skin (fim din 2019)|''Fata'']] zama darektan tare da Fish Bone, wani ɗan gajeren fim wanda ya magance batun yaudarar miyagun ƙwayoyi, kuma ya fito tare da [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] da Moshood Fattah . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 1, 2020 |title=Editi Effiong's "Fishbone" Is Perfect for Movie Night {{!}} Watch on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/05/fishbone-movie-editi-effiong/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A wannan shekarar ya bayyana a cikin Storm, wani ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Ike Onyema da Atteh 'SirDee' Daniel kuma Michael 'AMA Psalmist' Akinrogunde ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 13, 2020 |title=Diane Russet's Short Film "Storm" Proves Love can be Found in the Most Unexpected Circumstances |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/07/diane-russet-short-film-storm/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> Har ila yau, a cikin 2020, an saki fim dinsa na farko, shirin Netflix Skin, wanda ya binciki batun launi a Najeriya. Ya ƙunshi [[Beverly Naya]] wanda kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okiche |first=Wilfred |date=July 8, 2020 |title=Film Review: The triumphs and layered questions of Daniel Etim Effiong's Skin |url=https://ynaija.com/film-review-the-moral-failures-of-daniel-etim-effiongs-skin/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |website=YNaija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwosu |first=IK |date=July 7, 2020 |title=Beverly Naya's "Skin" Has Helped Young Girls Reconsider Bleaching |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/07/beverly-naya-skin-documentary-exclusive-interview/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 10, 2020 |title=Beverly Naya's "Skin" Documentary Is Coming To Netflix Soon |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/beverly-naya-skin-documentary/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A cikin 2021, ya fito a cikin Collision Course, fim din [[Bolanle Austen-Peters]] wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar [[End SARS|#EndSars]]. A wannan shekarar, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a karo na biyu na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na shari'a na Netflix, ''Castle da Castle.'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kan |first=Toni |date=2022-08-28 |title=Echoes of #Endsars as "Collision Course" wows towards Netflix premiere — Chris Iheuwa |url=https://thelagosreview.ng/echoes-of-endsars-as-collision-course-wows-towards-netflix-premiere-chris-iheuwa/ |access-date=2025-11-29 |website=The Lagos Review |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya sami lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Actor saboda rawar da ya taka a ''[[Kofa (fim 2022)|Kofa]]'' a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a 2022 kuma an zabi shi don Mafi kyawun A actor a 2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards . Ya kuma sami gabatarwa ga [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] don Mafi kyawun Actor a Matsayin Jagora don Jolly Roger, wasan kwaikwayo na aikata laifuka na Netflix. Ya bayyana a cikin Blood Sisters, mai ban tsoro da kuma jerin shirye-shiryen Najeriya na farko na Netflix wanda ya kai saman 10 a cikin ƙasashe 30. ''Selina,'' wanda aka saki don YouTube, ya kasance sananne ne don kasancewa misali na farko na yiwuwar kudi na dandalin gudana ga masu shirya fina-finai na Nollywood. Fim din ya fito da Etim Effiong da Bunmi Akingbola a matsayin masoya biyu daga asali daban-daban. Masu sauraro sun karɓa sosai kuma ''Selena 2'' da ''Selena 3'' sun biyo baya a wannan shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-12 |title=The 20 Greatest Romantic Nollywood Films of All Time - What Kept Me Up |url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/nollywood-movies/the-20-greatest-romantic-nollywood-films-of-all-time/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2023, ya fito a fina-finai da yawa, ciki har da A Weekend To Forget, wanda ya yi aiki sosai a ofishin jakadancin Najeriya; <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Top-Grossing Films of 2023 & 2024 – BusinessDay Intelligence |url=https://businessdayintelligence.ng/the-top-grossing-films-of-2023-2024/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> fim din [[Niyi Akinmolayan]] [[Mikolo (fim)|''Mikolo'']], fim din rayuwa da fim din fantasy na iyali; Different Strokes, wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na [[Biodun Stephen]]; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Different Strokes {{!}} Nollywood Reinvented |url=https://nollywoodreinvented.com/2024/03/different-strokes.html |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> da ''Selina''<nowiki/>'s Wedding, kashi na huɗu na jerin fina-fukan Selina. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Selina's Wedding {{!}} Nollywood Reinvented |url=https://nollywoodreinvented.com/2023/10/selinas-wedding.html |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kuma fito a cikin A Young Time Ago da Lily of the Valley, fitowar YouTube tare da [[Nancy Isime]] .<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-08 |title="A Young Time Ago" Review: Subtle but Visible Misogyny Takes Front Row in the Tolu Lordtanner-Directed Drama - Afrocritik |url=https://afrocritik.com/a-young-time-ago-review-subtle-but-visible-misogyny-takes-front-row-in-the-tolu-lordtanner-directed-drama/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en}}</ref> A cikin 2024, ya fito a cikin ''[[Òlóturé|Olotūré]]'': The Journey, wani jerin shirye-shiryen Netflix da suka biyo bayan wasan kwaikwayo na Mo Abudu wanda ya samar da Òlòtûré (2019). A shekarar 2025, Etim Effiong ya ba da umarnin shirya fim tare da taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin fim ɗin ban-tsoro mai suna The Herd. Labarin fim ɗin ya ta'allaka ne kan sace wasu mutane da wasu masu ɗauke da makamai suka yi, inda suka yi kamar makiyaya ne. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2022 |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun Actor a Matsayin Jagora |''Mai farin ciki Roger'' |{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Africa Movie Academy Awards: Adjetey Anang wins, check out full list of winners – MyJoyOnline |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/africa-movie-academy-awards-adjetey-anang-wins-check-out-full-list-of-winners/ |access-date=2025-02-14 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2022 |[[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Drama, Movie ko TV Series | rowspan="2" |''Kofa'' |{{Won}} |<ref name=":1" /> |- |2023 |[[2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Comedy Drama, Movie ko TV Series |{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Check Out The Full List Of Winners At The Ninth Edition Of The Africa Magic Viewers’ Choice Awards |url=https://www.dstv.com/africamagic/en-ng/show/amvca/season/9/winners |access-date=2026-05-06 |website=AMVCA – Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |language=en|date=2023-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606125406/https://www.dstv.com/africamagic/en-ng/show/amvca/season/9/winners|archive-date=2023-06-06|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Lawal 2023">{{Cite web |last=Lawal |first=Khadijat |date=2023-05-21 |title=AMVCA 2023: Full List Of Winners |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2023/05/21/amvca-2023-full-list-of-winners/amp/ |access-date=2023-06-10 |website=Channels Television}}</ref> |} == Rayuwa ta mutum == Ainihin Eong ya auri Toyosi Etim-Effiong tun daga 4 ga Nuwamba 2017. Sun fara haduwa a watan Agustan 2016 yayin da suke aiki a kan roject.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 28, 2017 |title=WEDDINGSBN Celebrity Weddings: Toyosi Phillips & Daniel Etim Effiong's #3StrandCord #YorubaEfikMergerBellaNaija Weddings |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/11/toyosi-phillips-and-etim-effiongs-3strandcord-wedding/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> Ma'auratan sun yi maraba da ɗansu na farko, jariri, a watan Janairun 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 16, 2019 |title=Toyosi and Daniel Etim Effiong's baby girl is here and she is so cute! |url=https://www.informationnigeria.com/2019/01/toyosi-and-daniel-etim-effiongs-baby-girl-is-here-and-she-is-so-cute.html |access-date=October 22, 2020 |publisher=Information Nigeria}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [[IMDb]].com/name/nm5652097/" id="mwBCg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Daniel Etim Effiong a kan IMDb * {{Twitter|eetimm|Daniel Etim Effiong}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3ez2mac8zxtrwpbyq7m9lgfn4sn8d1k 0 62331 863134 816674 2026-06-21T14:15:31Z Hamza DK 12444 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346733900|Chris Iheuwa]]" 863134 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Chris Iheuwa''' Listenⓘ ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, mai yin fim kuma ɗaya daga cikin masu gabatarwa na [[Nollywood|Masana'antar Nollywood]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-22 |title=Why Nollywood filmmakers still make money ritual movies - Actor, Chris Iheuwa |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Why-Nollywood-filmmakers-still-make-money-ritual-movies-Actor-Chris-Iheuwa-1521740 |access-date=2022-08-03 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne mataimakin shugaban kungiyar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya . An san shi da rawar da ya taka a cikin Rattle Snake (1995), Phone Swap (2012), [[Joba (fim na 2019)|''Joba'']] (2019), The Second Bed (2020), La Femme Anjola (2020), Stranger (2022). <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Ilimi == Ya sami digiri na farko daga wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] da kuma digiri na Masters a Jami'an Legas . == Rikici game da satar mutane == An kusan sace Iheuwa a shekarar 2021. An yaudare shi zuwa wani wuri da ba a sani ba a Port Harcourt inda 'yan sanda suka cece shi.[1] == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Shekarar da aka samar''' !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani |- |2024 |''Shiru'' |Mai yanke hukunci |Wasan kwaikwayo |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''[[Otal din Labamba]]'' |Shugaba |Comedy / Laifi |- |''Al'amarin Lahadi'' |Sam |Soyayya |- | rowspan="6" |2022 |''Ran Mi Lowo (Ku taimake Ni) '' | | |- |''Kasancewa'' |Tsofaffi |Wasan kwaikwayo |- |''Wata Yunin da ke da launin shudi'' | | |- |[[The Wildflower|''Furen daji'']] |Barrister Tosan | |- |[[Sisters Blood (2022 TV series)|''<nowiki/>'Yan uwa mata na jini'']] |Kawun Saratu |Ƙananan jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin |- |''Baƙi'' |Dokta Olatunde | |- | rowspan="13" |2021 |''Ka bar Bayani'' |Barr. Jembewon | |- |''[[What Happened at St James|Abin da ya faru a St James]]'' | | |- |''[[Movement-Japa|Motsi na Japa]]'' |Uncle Willie |Shirye-shiryen talabijin |- |''[[Progressive Tailors Club|Kungiyar Masu Tattalin Arziki]]'' |Daddy Junior | |- |''[[Charge and Bail (fim)|Haraji da Bail]]'' |Alkalin Kunle | |- |[[13 Letters (fim)|''13 Wasiƙu'']] | |Comedy / Drama |- |''[[Shadow Parties|Ƙungiyoyin Inuwa]]'' |Ben Akuga |Ayyuka |- |''An kulle shi'' |Shugaba 'yan sanda |Takaitaccen |- |[[Prophetess (fim)|''Annabi'']] |Baba Osaze |Comedy / Drama |- |''[[La Femme Anjola|Matar Anjola]]'' |Odera Kalu | |- |''Talakawa'' |Adekunle | |- |''Nkiru na Musamman'' |Shugaba | |- |''[[The Cleanser (fim)|Mai tsaftacewa]]'' | |Wasan kwaikwayo |- |2020 |''[[Introducing the Kujus|Gabatar da Kujus]]'' |Otunba | |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |''[[Your Excellency (fim)|Mai Girma]]'' |Sanata Adebayo | |- |[[Love Is War (2019 film)|''Ƙauna Yaƙi ce'']] |Injiniya Obaseki | |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |''[[The Delivery Boy|Yaron Bayarwa]]'' | | |- |''Ya yi farin ciki'' |Mista Collins | |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |''[[Isokin|Isoken]]'' |Uncle Mike | |- |''Gimbiya ta Daddy'' | | |- |2014 |''Ka mika wuya ga Kaisar'' | | |- |2012 |''[[Phone Swap|Sadarwar Wayar Wayar Way]]'' |Tony |Comedy / Romance |- | rowspan="2" |1999 |[[Karishika|''Karishika na II'']] | | |- |''Rattlesnake 3'' |Bala |Wasan kwaikwayo |- |1997 |''[[Owo Blow|Ruwan Ruwan Ruwa]]'' | | |- | rowspan="2" |1995 |[[Rattlesnake (fim, 1995)|''Rattlesnake 2'']] |Bala |Wasan kwaikwayo |- |[[Rattlesnake (fim, 1995)|''Rattlesnake'']] |Bala |Wasan kwaikwayo |- |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|4256192}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Darektocin fim na]] [[Rukuni:Daraktocin fim a harshen yarbanci]] [[Rukuni:Legos]] cc9w8iyg0fg19l0xhbqige6xvnahhyk 863135 863134 2026-06-21T14:17:32Z Hamza DK 12444 863135 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{databox}} '''Chris Iheuwa''' Listenⓘ ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, mai yin fim kuma ɗaya daga cikin masu gabatarwa na [[Nollywood|Masana'antar Nollywood]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-22 |title=Why Nollywood filmmakers still make money ritual movies - Actor, Chris Iheuwa |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Why-Nollywood-filmmakers-still-make-money-ritual-movies-Actor-Chris-Iheuwa-1521740 |access-date=2022-08-03 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne mataimakin shugaban kungiyar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya . An san shi da rawar da ya taka a cikin Rattle Snake (1995), Phone Swap (2012), [[Joba (fim na 2019)|''Joba'']] (2019), The Second Bed (2020), La Femme Anjola (2020), Stranger (2022). <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Ilimi == Ya sami digiri na farko daga wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] da kuma digiri na Masters a Jami'an Legas . == Rikici game da satar mutane == An kusan sace Iheuwa a shekarar 2021. An yaudare shi zuwa wani wuri da ba a sani ba a Port Harcourt inda 'yan sanda suka cece shi.[1] == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" |+ !'''Shekarar da aka samar''' !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani |- |2024 |''Shiru'' |Mai yanke hukunci |Wasan kwaikwayo |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''[[Otal din Labamba]]'' |Shugaba |Comedy / Laifi |- |''Al'amarin Lahadi'' |Sam |Soyayya |- | rowspan="6" |2022 |''Ran Mi Lowo (Ku taimake Ni) '' | | |- |''Kasancewa'' |Tsofaffi |Wasan kwaikwayo |- |''Wata Yunin da ke da launin shudi'' | | |- |[[The Wildflower|''Furen daji'']] |Barrister Tosan | |- |[[Sisters Blood (2022 TV series)|''<nowiki/>'Yan uwa mata na jini'']] |Kawun Saratu |Ƙananan jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin |- |''Baƙi'' |Dokta Olatunde | |- | rowspan="13" |2021 |''Ka bar Bayani'' |Barr. Jembewon | |- |''[[What Happened at St James|Abin da ya faru a St James]]'' | | |- |''[[Movement-Japa|Motsi na Japa]]'' |Uncle Willie |Shirye-shiryen talabijin |- |''[[Progressive Tailors Club|Kungiyar Masu Tattalin Arziki]]'' |Daddy Junior | |- |''[[Charge and Bail (fim)|Haraji da Bail]]'' |Alkalin Kunle | |- |[[13 Letters (fim)|''13 Wasiƙu'']] | |Comedy / Drama |- |''[[Shadow Parties|Ƙungiyoyin Inuwa]]'' |Ben Akuga |Ayyuka |- |''An kulle shi'' |Shugaba 'yan sanda |Takaitaccen |- |[[Prophetess (fim)|''Annabi'']] |Baba Osaze |Comedy / Drama |- |''[[La Femme Anjola|Matar Anjola]]'' |Odera Kalu | |- |''Talakawa'' |Adekunle | |- |''Nkiru na Musamman'' |Shugaba | |- |''[[The Cleanser (fim)|Mai tsaftacewa]]'' | |Wasan kwaikwayo |- |2020 |''[[Introducing the Kujus|Gabatar da Kujus]]'' |Otunba | |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |''[[Your Excellency (fim)|Mai Girma]]'' |Sanata Adebayo | |- |[[Love Is War (2019 film)|''Ƙauna Yaƙi ce'']] |Injiniya Obaseki | |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |''[[The Delivery Boy|Yaron Bayarwa]]'' | | |- |''Ya yi farin ciki'' |Mista Collins | |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |''[[Isokin|Isoken]]'' |Uncle Mike | |- |''Gimbiya ta Daddy'' | | |- |2014 |''Ka mika wuya ga Kaisar'' | | |- |2012 |''[[Phone Swap|Sadarwar Wayar Wayar Way]]'' |Tony |Comedy / Romance |- | rowspan="2" |1999 |[[Karishika|''Karishika na II'']] | | |- |''Rattlesnake 3'' |Bala |Wasan kwaikwayo |- |1997 |''[[Owo Blow|Ruwan Ruwan Ruwa]]'' | | |- | rowspan="2" |1995 |[[Rattlesnake (fim, 1995)|''Rattlesnake 2'']] |Bala |Wasan kwaikwayo |- |[[Rattlesnake (fim, 1995)|''Rattlesnake'']] |Bala |Wasan kwaikwayo |- |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|4256192}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Darektocin fim na]] [[Rukuni:Daraktocin fim a harshen yarbanci]] [[Rukuni:Legos]] lwzrmzs7osgwzxkyxebpmt4u9it2upb 0 65445 863812 817242 2026-06-22T11:16:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Peter Quartey''' masanin tattalin arzikin Ghana ne kuma Daraktan Cibiyar Nazarin Kididdigar Jama'a da Tattalin Arziki na Jami'ar Ghana, tun daga 2019. Farfesa ne a fannin tattalin arziki na ci gaba a Jami'ar Ghana.<ref>https://www.myjoyonline.com/prof-peter-quartey-appointed-head-of-isser/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2019/08/professor-peter-quartey-assumes-office-as-new-isser-director/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-12-21 |archive-date=2023-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822014343/https://citinewsroom.com/2019/08/professor-peter-quartey-assumes-office-as-new-isser-director/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Rayuwar farko da ilimi== An haifi Quartey a Accra. Ya halarci Makarantar Grammar Wesley da Accra Academy . Quartey ya sami BA da MPhil a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Ghana a 1994 da 1996, bi da bi. Karkashin tallafin karatu na ODA a cikin 1996, Quartey ya koma Jami'ar Warwick don samun digiri na biyu a fannin Tattalin Arziki na Ƙididdigewa. Daga 1998 zuwa 2002, Quartey ya yi rajista a Jami'ar Manchester don samun digiri na uku a fannin Tattalin Arziki.<ref>https://www.gdi.manchester.ac.uk/study/phd-opportunities/alumni/peter-quartey/</ref> ==Sana`a== A shekara ta 2003, ya koma Ghana ya shiga Cibiyar Harkokin Tattalin Arziki, daga bisani ya shiga Cibiyar Nazarin Ƙididdiga, zamantakewa da tattalin arziki (ISSER), Jami'ar Ghana a 2004 a matsayin abokin bincike. An kara masa girma zuwa babban jami'in bincike a 2008, don zama abokin farfesa a watan Mayu 2011 kuma farfesa a cikin Janairu 2016. Peter Quartey a halin yanzu farfesa ne a Cibiyar Nazarin Kididdigar Jama'a da Tattalin Arziki (ISSER), shugaban Sashen Tattalin Arziki kuma darektan Shirin Gudanar da manufofin tattalin arziki na Jami'ar Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://isser.ug.edu.gh/people/prof-peter-quartey |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-12-21 |archive-date=2023-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929195230/https://isser.ug.edu.gh/people/prof-peter-quartey |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Bincike== Bukatun bincikensa sun hada da ci gaban kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, kudade na ci gaba, tattalin arziki na kudi, ƙaura da aika kuɗi, da nazarin talauci.<ref>https://www.theigc.org/person/peter-quartey/</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] hky27pla5d61ukpblggzr2ubmhc4jye 0 65704 863405 350757 2026-06-21T18:02:16Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Idris I''' jikan [[Sarki|Sarkin]] Bir kachim ne kuma zuriyar [[Ibrahim of Kanem|Ibrahim Nikale]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Africa |first=International Scientific Committee for the drafting of a General History of |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TpjwF--kPL4C&newbks=0&hl=en |title=General History of Africa: Africa from the Twelfth to the Sixteenth Century |date=1984-12-31 |publisher=UNESCO Publishing |isbn=978-92-3-101710-0 |pages=258-264 |language=en}}</ref> Ya kafa dangantaka ta lumana da Sao bayan da aka kashe sarakunan [[Daular Kanem-Bornu|Kanem]] huɗu a lokacin rikici da ƙabilun [[Daular Kanem-Bornu|Bornu]] ko kuma Sao. Idris I ya kasance ɗan [[daular Sayfawa]]. <ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Sarakunan Daular Kanem]] aohj815uixim4xs297ffwxu5oi4svhw 0 69198 863586 861154 2026-06-22T02:39:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''O Le Ku''''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na 1997 wanda [[Tunde Kelani]] ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni. An samo shi ne daga littafin [[Akinwunmi Isola|Farfesa Akinwunmi Ishola]] mai suna iri ɗaya. An sake shi a cikin 1997 ta Mainframe Film da Television Productions . An yi shi a sassa biyu. == Makirci == ''O Le Ku'' ya ba da labarin Ajani, dalibi na farko na [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] wanda ke cikin shekara ta ƙarshe. Yana ƙarƙashin matsin lamba daga mahaifiyarsa don neman abokin tarayya kuma ba tare da saninsa ba ya sami kansa a cikin ƙaunar soyayya. Ya yi jima'i da mata uku a lokaci guda; Asake, malamin makarantar sakandare shine budurwarsa ta dogon lokaci. Ya sadu da Lola, mai sanyi wanda yake da tsayi, mai laushi kuma kyakkyawa. Yanayin ya zama mai rikitarwa lokacin da ya sadu da wani sananne tun yana yaro wanda daga ƙarshe ya ɗauki mataki na tsakiya na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |date=2011 |title="Nollywood" Yoruba Film Project: Kelani Film Selections |url=https://www.coerll.utexas.edu/coerll/sites/coerll.utexas.edu.coerll/files/nollywood-kelani-film-selections.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=COERLL |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014134835/https://www.coerll.utexas.edu/coerll/sites/coerll.utexas.edu.coerll/files/nollywood-kelani-film-selections.pdf |archive-date=2021-10-14 |access-date=2021-05-08 }}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore=""> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''COERLL''. 2011. Archived from [https://www.coerll.utexas.edu/coerll/sites/coerll.utexas.edu.coerll/files/nollywood-kelani-film-selections.pdf the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014134835/https://www.coerll.utexas.edu/coerll/sites/coerll.utexas.edu.coerll/files/nollywood-kelani-film-selections.pdf |date=2021-10-14 }} <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2021-10-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-08</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-26 |title=Life + Times: 7 must-see classics from legendary filmmaker, Tunde Kelani |url=https://thenativemag.com/7-must-see-classics-legendary-filmmaker-tunde-kelani/ |access-date=2021-05-08 |website=NativeMag |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifin Asake ya sa ta yanke dangantakarta da Ajani amma duk da haka ta yi ciki, kuma Lola ta gano kuma Ajani dole ne ya zaɓi matar a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba daga mahaifiyarsa.<ref name=":1" /> == Masu ba da labari == * [[Yemi Shodimu]] a matsayin Ajani * Feyikemi Abodunrin a matsayin Asake * Pauline Dike a matsayin Lola * Omolola Amusan a matsayin Sade * [[Lere Paimo]] a matsayin Adeleke, mahaifin Asake * [[Kola Oyewo]] a matsayin Oloye Ajasa * [[Afeez Oyetoro|Hafiz Oyetoro]] * Toun Oni * Gboyega Olomodosi * Tunde Adegbola a matsayin Jami'in * Dupe Taylor a matsayin Yarinyar Jami'in * [[Lanre Hassan]] a matsayin Awero * Lai Karounwi a matsayin Soja * Deji Adenuga * Laide Adewale a matsayin Farfesa 1 * Larinde Akinleye * [[Akinwunmi Isola|Akinwunmi Ishola]] a matsayin Farfesa 2 * Tunde Awosanmi * Cecilia Kechere a matsayin Femi == Fitarwa == An yi fim din da wasu muhimman sassan fim din a Jami'ar Ibadan . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sadiq |first=Zainab |date=2014-11-25 |title=9 Nollywood Films That Ruled the 90s |url=https://tns.ng/9-nollywood-films-ruled-90s/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510143600/https://tns.ng/9-nollywood-films-ruled-90s/ |archive-date=2021-05-10 |access-date=2021-05-08 |website=TNS |language=en-US}}</ref> == Karɓar baƙi == An ce ''O Le Ku'' ya haifar da gajeren salon [[aso oke]] [[Al'adun Najeriya na gargajiya|Iro da Buba]] wanda ake kira Oleku . An jera shi a matsayin daya daga cikin labaran Nollywood guda goma daga 90s. [[Akin Adesokan]] a cikin littafinsa na 2011 ya bayyana fim din a matsayin "mafi kyawun misali na fim din yaren Yoruba a Nollywood game da yadda 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da' yan wasan kwaikwayo ke bayyana ra'ayoyinsu a cikin harshen Yoruba "marasa fahimta". An karbe shi don koyar da masu koyon yaren Yoruba na kasashen waje a cibiyoyi a Amurka da Turai saboda ma'aunin yaren Yoroba da aka yi magana a fim din.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Soetan |first=Olusegun |title=The Hearthstone: Language, Culture, and Politics in the Films of Tunde Kelani |url=https://ojcs.isg.siue.edu/ojs/index.php/polymath/article/viewFile/3305/1335 |url-status=dead |journal=Polymath: An Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences Journal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508172225/https://ojcs.isg.siue.edu/ojs/index.php/polymath/article/viewFile/3305/1335 |archive-date=2021-05-08 |access-date=2021-05-08}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * [[Saworoide]] * [[Jerin fina-finan Najeriya na 1997|Jerin fina-finai na Najeriya na 1997]] == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist|2}} == Haɗin waje == hzzsqnv60tw5wqm44ueqy6cs7usgu5b 0 69545 863123 374674 2026-06-21T14:01:46Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345750008|Quam's Money]]" 863123 wikitext text/x-wiki   Quam's Money fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na 2020 wanda Chinaza Onuzo ya rubuta, kuma [[Kayode Kasum]] ya ba da umarni. Tauraron fim din [[Falz]], Toni Tones, [[Jemima Osunde]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] da [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a cikin manyan matsayi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-11-05 |title=This Teaser for Forthcoming "Quam's Money" starring Falz, Toni Tones, Nse Ikpe-Etim is a Whole Different Vibe! |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/11/quams-money-official-teaser/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana da ci gaba ga fim din 2018 New Money . Fim din ya fara fitowa a wurare daban-daban guda hudu a Najeriya, gami da FilmHouse Cinemas a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2020 kafin fitowar wasan kwaikwayo. An fitar da shi a wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 11 ga Disamba 2020 kuma an buɗe shi ga sake dubawa daga masu sukar yayin da ya fito a matsayin nasarar ofishin akwatin. Kafin a sake shi, an dauke shi daya daga cikin fina-finai na Najeriya da aka fi tsammani na shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-18 |title=These Are The Best Nigerian Films of 2020 |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/best-nigerian-movies-2020/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Quam Omole mai tsaron tsaro ne wanda ya zama miliyoyin wanda rayuwarsa ta sauka cikin mafarki mai ban tsoro bayan ya rasa miliyan 500 ga ƙungiyar masu zamba. Daga karshe an mika kuɗin ga 'yan sanda. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Falz]] a matsayin Quam Omole * Toni Tones a matsayin Eme * [[Jemima Osunde]] a matsayin Toun Odumosu * [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] a matsayin Fineboy * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Ozzy * Williams Uchemba a matsayin Eugene * Onyebuchi Ojieh a matsayin manajan gini * Karibi Fubara a matsayin Rotimi * [[Michelle Dede]] a matsayin Hadiza * Gbubemi Ejeye a matsayin manajan kulob din * Badmus Olakunle a matsayin Sanata == Fitarwa == Inkblot Productions, FilmOne Productions da House 21 ne suka hada kai da fim din kuma suka yi alama da aikin samar da gida na 21. Har ila yau, ya nuna haɗin gwiwa na takwas tsakanin Inkblot Productions da FilmOne Productions.[1] Falz, wanda kuma ya bayyana a cikin prequel New Money, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a matsayin Quam a cikin ci gaba. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2022 |[[2022 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Nse Ikpe Etim| {{Nom}} | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == laagbchdajacq6hz1uerzktnntcv2hf 863125 863123 2026-06-21T14:02:31Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 863125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Quam's Money fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na 2020 wanda Chinaza Onuzo ya rubuta, kuma [[Kayode Kasum]] ya ba da umarni. Tauraron fim din [[Falz]], Toni Tones, [[Jemima Osunde]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] da [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a cikin manyan matsayi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-11-05 |title=This Teaser for Forthcoming "Quam's Money" starring Falz, Toni Tones, Nse Ikpe-Etim is a Whole Different Vibe! |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/11/quams-money-official-teaser/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana da ci gaba ga fim din 2018 New Money . Fim din ya fara fitowa a wurare daban-daban guda hudu a Najeriya, gami da FilmHouse Cinemas a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2020 kafin fitowar wasan kwaikwayo. An fitar da shi a wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 11 ga Disamba 2020 kuma an buɗe shi ga sake dubawa daga masu sukar yayin da ya fito a matsayin nasarar ofishin akwatin. Kafin a sake shi, an dauke shi daya daga cikin fina-finai na Najeriya da aka fi tsammani na shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-18 |title=These Are The Best Nigerian Films of 2020 |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/best-nigerian-movies-2020/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Quam Omole mai tsaron tsaro ne wanda ya zama miliyoyin wanda rayuwarsa ta sauka cikin mafarki mai ban tsoro bayan ya rasa miliyan 500 ga ƙungiyar masu zamba. Daga karshe an mika kuɗin ga 'yan sanda. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Falz]] a matsayin Quam Omole * Toni Tones a matsayin Eme * [[Jemima Osunde]] a matsayin Toun Odumosu * [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] a matsayin Fineboy * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Ozzy * Williams Uchemba a matsayin Eugene * Onyebuchi Ojieh a matsayin manajan gini * Karibi Fubara a matsayin Rotimi * [[Michelle Dede]] a matsayin Hadiza * Gbubemi Ejeye a matsayin manajan kulob din * Badmus Olakunle a matsayin Sanata == Fitarwa == Inkblot Productions, FilmOne Productions da House 21 ne suka hada kai da fim din kuma suka yi alama da aikin samar da gida na 21. Har ila yau, ya nuna haɗin gwiwa na takwas tsakanin Inkblot Productions da FilmOne Productions.[1] Falz, wanda kuma ya bayyana a cikin prequel New Money, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a matsayin Quam a cikin ci gaba. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2022 |[[2022 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Nse Ikpe Etim| {{Nom}} | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == irbpv2eqjnkxp4b7qpst2gsphn4d2uk 863127 863125 2026-06-21T14:03:54Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 863127 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Quam's Money wani fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na 2020 wanda Chinaza Onuzo ya rubuta, kuma [[Kayode Kasum]] ya ba da umarni. Tauraron fim din [[Falz]], Toni Tones, [[Jemima Osunde]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] da [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a cikin manyan matsayi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-11-05 |title=This Teaser for Forthcoming "Quam's Money" starring Falz, Toni Tones, Nse Ikpe-Etim is a Whole Different Vibe! |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/11/quams-money-official-teaser/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana da ci gaba ga fim din 2018 New Money . Fim din ya fara fitowa a wurare daban-daban guda hudu a Najeriya, gami da FilmHouse Cinemas a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2020 kafin fitowar wasan kwaikwayo. An fitar da shi a wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 11 ga Disamba 2020 kuma an buɗe shi ga sake dubawa daga masu sukar yayin da ya fito a matsayin nasarar ofishin akwatin. Kafin a sake shi, an dauke shi daya daga cikin fina-finai na Najeriya da aka fi tsammani na shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-18 |title=These Are The Best Nigerian Films of 2020 |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/best-nigerian-movies-2020/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Quam Omole mai tsaron tsaro ne wanda ya zama miliyoyin wanda rayuwarsa ta sauka cikin mafarki mai ban tsoro bayan ya rasa miliyan 500 ga ƙungiyar masu zamba. Daga karshe an mika kuɗin ga 'yan sanda. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Falz]] a matsayin Quam Omole * Toni Tones a matsayin Eme * [[Jemima Osunde]] a matsayin Toun Odumosu * [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] a matsayin Fineboy * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Ozzy * Williams Uchemba a matsayin Eugene * Onyebuchi Ojieh a matsayin manajan gini * Karibi Fubara a matsayin Rotimi * [[Michelle Dede]] a matsayin Hadiza * Gbubemi Ejeye a matsayin manajan kulob din * Badmus Olakunle a matsayin Sanata == Fitarwa == Inkblot Productions, FilmOne Productions da House 21 ne suka hada kai da fim din kuma suka yi alama da aikin samar da gida na 21. Har ila yau, ya nuna haɗin gwiwa na takwas tsakanin Inkblot Productions da FilmOne Productions.[1] Falz, wanda kuma ya bayyana a cikin prequel New Money, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a matsayin Quam a cikin ci gaba. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2022 |[[2022 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Nse Ikpe Etim| {{Nom}} | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == 4rdlcld4m5vld5za35gmjv3yomvwxhp 863130 863127 2026-06-21T14:05:07Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 863130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Quam's Money wani fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na 2020 wanda Chinaza Onuzo ya rubuta, kuma [[Kayode Kasum]] ya ba da umarni. Tauraron fim din [[Falz]], Toni Tones, [[Jemima Osunde]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] da [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a cikin manyan matsayi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-11-05 |title=This Teaser for Forthcoming "Quam's Money" starring Falz, Toni Tones, Nse Ikpe-Etim is a Whole Different Vibe! |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/11/quams-money-official-teaser/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana da ci gaba ga fim din 2018 New Money . Fim din ya fara fitowa a wurare daban-daban guda hudu a Najeriya, gami da FilmHouse Cinemas a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2020 kafin fitowar wasan kwaikwayo. An fitar da shi a wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 11 ga Disamba 2020 kuma an buɗe shi ga sake dubawa daga masu sukar yayin da ya fito a matsayin nasarar ofishin akwatin. Kafin a sake shi, an dauke shi daya daga cikin fina-finai na Najeriya da aka fi tsammani na shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-18 |title=These Are The Best Nigerian Films of 2020 |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/best-nigerian-movies-2020/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Quam Omole mai tsaro ne wanda ya zama miliyoyin wanda rayuwarsa ta sauka cikin mafarki mai ban tsoro bayan ya rasa miliyan 500 ga ƙungiyar masu zamba. Daga karshe an mika kuɗin ga 'yan sanda. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Falz]] a matsayin Quam Omole * Toni Tones a matsayin Eme * [[Jemima Osunde]] a matsayin Toun Odumosu * [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] a matsayin Fineboy * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Ozzy * Williams Uchemba a matsayin Eugene * Onyebuchi Ojieh a matsayin manajan gini * Karibi Fubara a matsayin Rotimi * [[Michelle Dede]] a matsayin Hadiza * Gbubemi Ejeye a matsayin manajan kulob din * Badmus Olakunle a matsayin Sanata == Fitarwa == Inkblot Productions, FilmOne Productions da House 21 ne suka hada kai da fim din kuma suka yi alama da aikin samar da gida na 21. Har ila yau, ya nuna haɗin gwiwa na takwas tsakanin Inkblot Productions da FilmOne Productions.[1] Falz, wanda kuma ya bayyana a cikin prequel New Money, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a matsayin Quam a cikin ci gaba. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2022 |[[2022 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Nse Ikpe Etim| {{Nom}} | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == mh1wo3ajbumjsvhn8rqujy7oxrhyawc 863131 863130 2026-06-21T14:07:31Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 863131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Quam's Money wani fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na 2020 wanda Chinaza Onuzo ya rubuta, kuma [[Kayode Kasum]] ya ba da umarni. Tauraron fim din [[Falz]], Toni Tones, [[Jemima Osunde]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] da [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a cikin manyan matsayi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-11-05 |title=This Teaser for Forthcoming "Quam's Money" starring Falz, Toni Tones, Nse Ikpe-Etim is a Whole Different Vibe! |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/11/quams-money-official-teaser/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana da ci gaba ga fim din 2018 New Money . Fim din ya fara fitowa a wurare daban-daban guda hudu a Najeriya, gami da FilmHouse Cinemas a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2020 kafin fitowar wasan kwaikwayo. An fitar da shi a wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 11 ga Disamba 2020 kuma an buɗe shi ga sake dubawa daga masu sukar yayin da ya fito a matsayin nasarar ofishin akwatin. Kafin a sake shi, an dauke shi daya daga cikin fina-finai na Najeriya da aka fi tsammani na shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-18 |title=These Are The Best Nigerian Films of 2020 |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/best-nigerian-movies-2020/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Quam Omole mai tsaro ne wanda ya zama miliyoyin wanda rayuwarsa ta sauka cikin mafarki mai ban tsoro bayan ya rasa miliyan 500 ga ƙungiyar masu zamba. Daga karshe an mika kuɗin ga 'yan sanda. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Falz]] a matsayin Quam Omole * Toni Tones a matsayin Eme * [[Jemima Osunde]] a matsayin Toun Odumosu * [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] a matsayin Fineboy * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Ozzy * Williams Uchemba a matsayin Eugene * Onyebuchi Ojieh a matsayin manajan gini * Karibi Fubara a matsayin Rotimi * [[Michelle Dede]] a matsayin Hadiza * Gbubemi Ejeye a matsayin manajan kulob din * Badmus Olakunle a matsayin Sanata == Fitarwa == Inkblot Productions, FilmOne Productions da House 21 ne suka haɗa kai da fim din kuma suka yi alama da aikin samar da gida na 21. Har ila yau, ya nuna haɗin gwiwa na takwas tsakanin Inkblot Productions da FilmOne Productions.[1] Falz, wanda kuma ya bayyana a cikin prequel New Money, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a matsayin Quam a cikin ci gaba. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2022 |[[2022 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Nse Ikpe Etim| {{Nom}} | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == bn0spwyg825t6lr9gk0s3u3h8ojpnp0 863132 863131 2026-06-21T14:12:54Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 863132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Quam's Money wani fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na 2020 wanda Chinaza Onuzo ya rubuta, kuma [[Kayode Kasum]] ya ba da umarni. Tauraron fim din [[Falz]], Toni Tones, [[Jemima Osunde]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] da [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a cikin manyan matsayi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-11-05 |title=This Teaser for Forthcoming "Quam's Money" starring Falz, Toni Tones, Nse Ikpe-Etim is a Whole Different Vibe! |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/11/quams-money-official-teaser/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana da ci gaba ga fim din 2018 New Money . Fim din ya fara fitowa a wurare daban-daban guda huɗu a Najeriya, gami da FilmHouse Cinemas a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2020 kafin fitowar wasan kwaikwayo. An fitar da shi a wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 11 ga Disamba 2020 kuma an buɗe shi ga sake dubawa daga masu sukar yayin da ya fito a matsayin nasarar ofishin akwatin. Kafin a sake shi, an dauke shi daya daga cikin fina-finai na Najeriya da aka fi tsammani na shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-18 |title=These Are The Best Nigerian Films of 2020 |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/best-nigerian-movies-2020/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Quam Omole mai tsaro ne wanda ya zama miliyoyin wanda rayuwarsa ta sauka cikin mafarki mai ban tsoro bayan ya rasa miliyan 500 ga ƙungiyar masu zamba. Daga karshe an mika kuɗin ga 'yan sanda. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Falz]] a matsayin Quam Omole * Toni Tones a matsayin Eme * [[Jemima Osunde]] a matsayin Toun Odumosu * [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] a matsayin Fineboy * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Ozzy * Williams Uchemba a matsayin Eugene * Onyebuchi Ojieh a matsayin manajan gini * Karibi Fubara a matsayin Rotimi * [[Michelle Dede]] a matsayin Hadiza * Gbubemi Ejeye a matsayin manajan kulob din * Badmus Olakunle a matsayin Sanata == Fitarwa == Inkblot Productions, FilmOne Productions da House 21 ne suka haɗa kai da fim din kuma suka yi alama da aikin samar da gida na 21. Har ila yau, ya nuna haɗin gwiwa na takwas tsakanin Inkblot Productions da FilmOne Productions.[1] Falz, wanda kuma ya bayyana a cikin prequel New Money, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a matsayin Quam a cikin ci gaba. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2022 |[[2022 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Nse Ikpe Etim| {{Nom}} | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == 6ypdra2lzdrc41t3i2w815o6nuer67j 863133 863132 2026-06-21T14:13:44Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 863133 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   Quam's Money wani fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na 2020 wanda Chinaza Onuzo ya rubuta, kuma [[Kayode Kasum]] ya ba da umarni. Tauraron fim din [[Falz]], Toni Tones, [[Jemima Osunde]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] da [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a cikin manyan matsayi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-11-05 |title=This Teaser for Forthcoming "Quam's Money" starring Falz, Toni Tones, Nse Ikpe-Etim is a Whole Different Vibe! |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/11/quams-money-official-teaser/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana da ci gaba ga fim din 2018 New Money . Fim din ya fara fitowa a wurare daban-daban guda huɗu a Najeriya, gami da FilmHouse Cinemas a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2020 kafin fitowar wasan kwaikwayo. An fitar da shi a wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 11 ga Disamba 2020 kuma an buɗe shi ga sake dubawa daga masu sukar yayin da ya fito a matsayin nasarar ofishin akwatin. Kafin a sake shi, an dauke shi daya daga cikin fina-finai na Najeriya da aka fi tsammani na shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-18 |title=These Are The Best Nigerian Films of 2020 |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/best-nigerian-movies-2020/ |access-date=2020-12-23 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Quam Omole mai tsaro ne wanda ya zama miliyoyin wanda rayuwarsa ta sauka cikin mafarki mai ban tsoro bayan ya rasa kusan miliyan 500 ga ƙungiyar masu zamba. Daga karshe an mika kuɗin ga 'yan sanda. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Falz]] a matsayin Quam Omole * Toni Tones a matsayin Eme * [[Jemima Osunde]] a matsayin Toun Odumosu * [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] a matsayin Fineboy * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Ozzy * Williams Uchemba a matsayin Eugene * Onyebuchi Ojieh a matsayin manajan gini * Karibi Fubara a matsayin Rotimi * [[Michelle Dede]] a matsayin Hadiza * Gbubemi Ejeye a matsayin manajan kulob din * Badmus Olakunle a matsayin Sanata == Fitarwa == Inkblot Productions, FilmOne Productions da House 21 ne suka haɗa kai da fim din kuma suka yi alama da aikin samar da gida na 21. Har ila yau, ya nuna haɗin gwiwa na takwas tsakanin Inkblot Productions da FilmOne Productions.[1] Falz, wanda kuma ya bayyana a cikin prequel New Money, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a matsayin Quam a cikin ci gaba. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2022 |[[2022 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Nse Ikpe Etim| {{Nom}} | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == a3z1kd6ws1ye0oyegqqwn30zr9552re 0 71458 863191 385957 2026-06-21T15:06:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mukunda Michael Dewil''' marubuci ne kuma darektan Fim ne a Afirka ta Kudu da ke aiki a Hollywood .ya <ref>[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/emile-hirsch-kate-bosworth-ashley-greene-m-emmet-walsh-board-the-immaculate-room-thriller Emile Hirsch, Kate Bosworth, Ashley Greene, M Emmet Walsh Board ‘The Immaculate Room’ Thriller]. [[The Hollywood Reporter]]</ref> rubuta kuma ya ba da umarnin Ramuwar gayya, ''Motar 19'' (wanda [[Paul Walker]] ya fito) da kuma Gidan Immaculate (Emile Hirsch, Kate Bosworth, Ashley Greene). Ya kasance ya na zaune a majami'a. Dewil <ref>[https://cinemadailyus.com/interviews/the-immaculate-room-exclusive-interview-with-director-mukunda-michael-dewil/ The Immaculate Room: Exclusive Interview with Director Mukunda Michael Dewil]{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Cinema Daily US</ref> shafe shekaru da yawa a Indiya. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] efh5hktgas4q12a1yghrkru9cl0ffzs 0 71736 863632 458464 2026-06-22T05:40:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Onyama Laura,''' (an [[Haifa Abdelhak|haife]] ta '''Onyama Laura Anyeni''' a [[Ranar Arafa|ranar]] 14 ga [[Wata|watan]] Oktoba a shikara ta 1992) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Kamaru]]. A cikin 2017, ta lashe lambar yabo ta CAMIFF Best Actress <ref>{{cite web|url=http://cameroonnewsagency.com/meet-onyama-laura-camif-best-actress-2017/|title=Meet Onyama Laura, CAMIFF Best Actress 2017 - Cameroon News Agency|date=27 June 2017|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/05/veteran-actor-ramsey-nouah-attends-the-cameroon-international-film-festival-see-full-list-of-winners/|title=Veteran Actor Ramsey Nouah Attends The Cameroon International Film Festival + See Full List of Winners - BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com}}</ref> da kuma Best Cameroonian actress a Ecrans Noirs Film Festival 2016. [2] Laura, ta fara yin fim a fim din "Heavy rain" a cikin 2011, "Kiss of the death" a cikin 2015 da sauransu. Ita ce Shugabar Ofishin 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo na Kamaru Limbe (NAGCAM) [1]Ita Shugabar Ofishin 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo na Kamaru Limbe (NAGCAM) [1] == Rayuwa ta farko == An haife ta ne a babban asibitin Buea a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1992, 'yar Onyama Judith. Ta fara makarantar firamare a Buea sannan daga baya ta koma Yaounde, A shekara ta 2009 tana da digiri a fannin harshe a Jami'ar Buea . 'yar asalin Basossi ce ta Yankin Kudu maso Yamma (Kamaru) da Oshie a Yankin Arewa maso Yammacin (Kamaru).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whoiswhoincameroon.com/2016/05/onyama-laura.html|title=Onyama Laura|website=www.whoiswhoincameroon.com|access-date=2024-02-25|archive-date=2024-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225232137/http://www.whoiswhoincameroon.com/2016/05/onyama-laura.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cameroonweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Laura-Onyama-a-star-is-born-385612|title=Laura Onyama: a star is born|website=www.cameroonweb.com|access-date=2024-02-25|archive-date=2017-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828145750/https://www.cameroonweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Laura-Onyama-a-star-is-born-385612|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Laura, ta ci gaba da sha'awar yin wasan kwaikwayo a shekara ta 2009 kuma bayyanarta ta farko a fim din ta kasance a cikin 2011 Heavy Rain . Ita ce shugabar Kamaru Film Guild a reshen Limbe == Hotunan da aka zaɓa == * ''Ruwan sama mai yawa na Chando Daniel (2011) '' * Mai tawaye Pilgrimby Chinepoh Cosson * Rumbleby Billybob Ndive * ''Kiss na mutuwar ta Musing Derrick'' * Ward Z na Itambi Delphine * Hanyoyin Dirt ta Enah Johnscott * Enah Johnscott ne ya cire shi * Hanyar coci ta Nkanya Nkwai * Ceton Mbango ta Nkanya Nkwai * Littafin Mai Kifi ta hanyar == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon |- | rowspan="2" |2016 | rowspan="2" |Ecrans Noirs Film Festival (Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Kamaru) |Kamaru | rowspan="2" |Shi da kansa| {{Won}} |- | |- | rowspan="4" |2017 |Bikin Fim na Kasa da Kasa na Kamaru (CAMIFF) |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo | rowspan="8" |Shi da kansa| {{Won}} |- |} == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Kamaru * [[Sinima a Kamaru|Fim na Kamaru]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haihuwan 1992]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] jtjx3iihlu0uf65vlfo5t69qffsm93z 0 71812 863823 533466 2026-06-22T11:30:35Z Ummun Sultan 23935 An kirkira ta fassara "Early life" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358459540|Michelle Bello]]" 863823 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Post0131 - Flickr - NOAA Photo Library.jpg|thumb|hoton Michele]] [[Fayil:121211-O-RX234-865 (8270635288).jpg|thumb|Hoton michele]]    '''Michelle Bello''' (an haifi Michelle '''Aisha Bello'''; 30 Satumban shekarar 1982) ita ce darektan fina-finai na Burtaniya kuma mai shirya fina-fakkaata. Har ila yau, ita ce Shugaba na kamfanin nishaɗi da wallafe-wallafen Najeriya, Blu Star Entertainment Limited . An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == Ƙarami cikin yara biyu, an haifi Bello a watan Satumbar shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello . Bello dan asalin Najeriya ne, Faransanci, Afirka [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|'Yan Kongo]]. Ta kuma yi shekaru da farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana halartar makarantar jariri da makarantar firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level. Yayinda take girma a Ingila ce ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta sake dubanta ba. == Early life == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello, wanda shi ne ƙaramin yaro a cikin 'ya'ya biyu. == Aiki == Bello ta koma Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don nazarin sadarwa (ƙwarewa a cikin Visual Media) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. Yayinda take can, ta yi gajeren fina-finai da yawa kuma a lokacin shirin karatu a kasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi gajerun fim dinta na farko na 16mm mai suna Sheltered . Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekara ta 2005, ta koma Najeriya don bin burinta na zama mai shirya fim / darektan fim. A shekara ta 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da shahararren mai gabatar da talabijin da mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin Mataimakin Mai gabatarwa a cikin shirin MNet TV mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta samar da bidiyon kiɗa mai suna Greenland ga sanannen mai zane da mai daukar hoto T.Y. Bello . Michelle ta samar kuma ta ba da umarnin fim dinta na farko da ake kira Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim din ya zama nasara nan take a Amurka kamar yadda daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zabi shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-fukkukan baƙar fata na Amurka a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. Zaɓen sun kasance lambar yabo ta Heineken Red Star don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma lambar yabo ta Target Filmmaker don 'Mafi kyawun Fim'. A gaban gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe lambar yabo ta Afirka Movie Academy sau biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. <ref>[http://www.bellanaija.com/2010/06/09/michelle-bellos-acclaimed-feature-film-small-boy-premieres-in-lagos/ Small Boy Movie premiers in Lagos]</ref> fara fim din ne a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2010. [1] tare da taurari na Nollywood da masu aikin masana'antu a cikin halarta. Bayan haka, Bello ya koma Amurka kuma ya sami digiri na biyu a Sadarwa, ƙwarewa a Gudanar da Fim, a Jami'ar Regent a Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar don bunƙasa sana'arta kuma ta yi gajeren fina-finai da yawa. Yayinda yake a Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin horo tare da sanannen ICM Talent Agency a duniya a bikin fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta sadu da fitattun masu shirya fina-fakkaatu da yawa yayin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke ci gaba da ake kira [[Nollywood]] . Ilimin ta, haɗe da abubuwan da ta samu a masana'antar a cikin gida da kuma duniya, ya sa Bello ta sami kayan aiki don samarwa da kuma jagorantar fim dinta na biyu Flower Girl, wanda aka saki a watan Fabrairun 2013 zuwa sake dubawa. Fim din ya buga lamba daya a cikin fina-finai a fadin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma yana da irin wannan martani. Bayan watanni da yawa, an fara gabatar da Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finai na Hollywood Black a Los Angeles a watan Oktoba 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, ya haye zuwa bude kasuwar Burtaniya a cikin manyan sarkar fina-finai guda uku ciki har da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce mace ta farko da ta fara gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya. Flower Girl daga baya ta lashe kyautar 'Fim din Afirka mafi kyau' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Black a farkon Nuwamban shekarar 2013. Fim din ya sake haye Tekun Atlantika don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairun shekarar 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tashar fim din ta gaba kuma an sake ta a cikin fim din a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Fim din New Nollywood da aka fi so' a wannan watan. Fim din ya kuma sami gabatarwa don 'Best Lighting' a Africa Movie Academy Awards 2013, da kuma 'Best Film' a bikin fina-finai na Afirka na 2013. Michelle ta sami lambar yabo ta Trailblazer mai daraja da ake so sosai a kwanan nan na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards 2014, wanda ya faru a Legas, Najeriya. Alƙalai da suka jefa kuri'a sun bayyana cewa ana ba ta lambar yabo "don jajircewarta da nuna baiwa, ƙwarewarta da damar da za ta iya samun damar yin fim din Afirka". Wannan lambar yabo ta zo ne tare da sabon motar motsa jiki ta Hyundai. An zabi Flower Girl kanta don kyaututtuka hudu na AMVCA ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawu Mai Taimako kuma ya ci gaba da lashe Kyautar Mawallafi Mafi Kyawu a cikin Comedy da Kyautar Mataimakin Actress. halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim dinta na uku. [unreliable source?] === Sauran ayyukan === A karkashin laima na Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke lissafa masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da yawa na Najeriya a cikin masana'antar. An ƙaddamar da fitowar farko a watan Satumbar 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun goyi bayan su ciki har da Kamfanin Fim na Najeriya da Hukumar Kula da Fim da Bidiyo ta Kasa. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Yayinda take yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, ƙwarewar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na makaranta, yin iyo da ƙungiyoyin masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma ba da lokaci ga ɓangaren kiɗa na yanayinta kuma ta koyi yin wasa da saxophone da piano. [[Fayil:The Oak (serial) (IA oakserial1972loui).pdf|thumb]] Mahaifin Bello dan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (rtd.), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi ta hanyar matsayi ya zama ƙaramin Shugaban Ma'aikatan Jirgin Sama a Afirka a 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aiki mai kyau ya yi ritaya daga Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka / Faransanci, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai ba da shawara ce ta zane-zane ta Najeriya, tana inganta wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugaban wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya da ake kira Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts . Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, wasan kwaikwayo da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take samun nishaɗi. == Fina-finai == * Sheltered (2005), Darakta / Mai gabatarwa * Small Boy <ref name="Small Boy Movie">{{Cite web |title=Small Boy Movie. |url=http://smallboymovie.com/ |access-date=2024-02-26 |archive-date=2017-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510110934/http://smallboymovie.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> (2009), Darakta / Mai gabatarwa * <ref name="Flower Girl Movie">{{Cite web |url=http://www.flowergirlthemovie.com/ |title=Flower Girl Movie |access-date=2024-02-26 |archive-date=2023-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327015921/https://flowergirlthemovie.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Girl [1] (2013), Darakta / Mai gabatarwa * Immoral Dilemma (2016) - Mataimakin Mai gabatarwa == Talabijin == * Lokaci tare da Mo - Season 1 (2007) Mataimakin Mai gabatarwa * Sesame Street Najeriya - Season 1 (2010) Daraktan == Bidiyo na kiɗa == * Greenland (2007) Mai gabatarwa == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun Tsarin - Nollywood Movies Awards 2014 . * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun Sauti - Nollywood Movies Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun sauti don Efya - Nollywood Movies Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun Edita - Nollywood Movies Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Fim din Nollywood da aka fi so - Screen Nation Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Kyautar Trailblazer - Kyautar Zaɓin Mai kallo na Afirka na 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo - Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun Rubutun (Comedy) - Kyautar Zaɓin Mai kallo na Afirka 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun Fim na Afirka - Black International Film Festival U.K 2013 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An zabi shi: Fim mafi kyau na 2013 - Kyautar Zaɓin Mai kallo na Afirka na 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An zabi shi: Mafi kyawun Mai ba da tallafi - Kyautar Zaɓin Mai kallo na Afirka na 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An zabi shi: Mata na Afirka da aka fi so na Duniya Emerging Screen Talent - Screen Nation Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An zabi shi: Fim mafi kyau - Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka na 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An zabi shi: Mafi kyawun Haske - Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ta 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) - Kyautar Kyautar Kyautattun Ayyuka ta 2009. * Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) - Kyautar Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Yaro Actor 2009.<ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Small Boy: Nomination a bikin fina-finai na Black Film na Amurka a Los Angeles 2008 (Lambar Heineken Red Star don Innovation a Fim) * Small Boy: Nomination a bikin fina-finai na baƙar fata na Amurka a Los Angeles 2008 (Lambar Mai Fim na Target don Mafi Fim mai ban sha'awa) * Girl: Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka (AMAA) 2013 - An zabi shi don Nasarar Haske [1] * <ref>[http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/hollywood-black-film-festival-announces-official-2013-lineup HBFF Official Selections 2013.]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hollywood Black Film Festival Official Selections 2013. |url=http://www.hbff.org/hbff-2013-official-selections/ |access-date=2024-02-26 |archive-date=2013-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927073633/http://www.hbff.org/hbff-2013-official-selections/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Girl: An zaba shi a hukumance don a nuna shi a 2013 Hollywood Black Film Festival a Los Angeles a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2013 [1] == Duba kuma == * Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya * [[Flower Girl (film)|Yarinyar Fure]] == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] n6z5sox5vc3lpk1weohmx5m4rgxc01w 863834 863823 2026-06-22T11:55:48Z Mahuta 11340 863834 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Post0131 - Flickr - NOAA Photo Library.jpg|thumb|hoton Michele]] [[Fayil:121211-O-RX234-865 (8270635288).jpg|thumb|Hoton michele]]    '''Michelle Bello''' (an haifi Michelle '''Aisha Bello'''; 30 Satumban shekarar 1982) ita ce darektan fina-finai na Burtaniya kuma mai shirya fina-fakkaata. Har ila yau, ita ce Shugaba na kamfanin nishaɗi da wallafe-wallafen Najeriya, Blu Star Entertainment Limited . An haifi Bello a Landan, Ingila. == Rayuwa ta farko == Ƙarami cikin yara biyu, an haifi Bello a watan Satumbar shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello . Bello dan asalin Najeriya ne, Faransanci, Afirka [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|'Yan Kongo]]. Ta kuma yi shekaru da farko a Legas, Najeriya, tana halartar makarantar jariri da makarantar firamare kuma tana da shekaru takwas, ta tafi Ingila inda ta sami takardar shaidar GCSE da A-level. Yayinda take girma a Ingila ce ta gano sha'awarta ga yin fim kuma ba ta sake dubanta ba. == Early life == An haifi Bello a watan Satumba na shekarar 1982 ga Abdullahi Dominic da Sylviane Bello, wanda shi ne ƙaramin yaro a cikin 'ya'ya biyu. == Aiki == Bello ta koma Amurka a shekara ta 2001 don nazarin sadarwa (ƙwarewa a cikin Visual Media) a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Washington DC. Yayinda take can, ta yi gajeren fina-finai da yawa kuma a lokacin shirin karatu a kasashen waje a [[Prag|Prague]], [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Bello ta yi gajerun fim dinta na farko na 16mm mai suna Sheltered . Bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Amurka a shekara ta 2005, ta koma Najeriya don bin burinta na zama mai shirya fim / darektan fim. A shekara ta 2007, Bello ta yi aiki tare da shahararren mai gabatar da talabijin da mai gabatarwa Mo Abudu a matsayin Mataimakin Mai gabatarwa a cikin shirin MNet TV mai suna Moments with Mo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta samar da bidiyon kiɗa mai suna Greenland ga sanannen mai zane da mai daukar hoto T.Y. Bello . Michelle ta samar kuma ta ba da umarnin fim dinta na farko da ake kira Small Boy <ref>[http://www.supplementmagazine.org/michelle-bellos-small-boy-html Small Boy] {{Dead link|date=April 2020}}</ref> a ƙarshen 2007. Fim din ya zama nasara nan take a Amurka kamar yadda daga cikin fina-finai 400, an zabi shi don kyaututtuka biyu a bikin fina-fukkukan baƙar fata na Amurka a Los Angeles a shekara mai zuwa. Zaɓen sun kasance lambar yabo ta Heineken Red Star don 'Innovation in Film' da kuma lambar yabo ta Target Filmmaker don 'Mafi kyawun Fim'. A gaban gida, Small Boy ya ci gaba da lashe lambar yabo ta Afirka Movie Academy sau biyu don 'Best Art Direction' da 'Best Young Child Actor' a watan Afrilun 2009. <ref>[http://www.bellanaija.com/2010/06/09/michelle-bellos-acclaimed-feature-film-small-boy-premieres-in-lagos/ Small Boy Movie premiers in Lagos]</ref> fara fim din ne a Legas, Najeriya a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2010. [1] tare da taurari na Nollywood da masu aikin masana'antu a cikin halarta. Bayan haka, Bello ya koma Amurka kuma ya sami digiri na biyu a Sadarwa, ƙwarewa a Gudanar da Fim, a Jami'ar Regent a Virginia. Ta yi amfani da damar don bunƙasa sana'arta kuma ta yi gajeren fina-finai da yawa. Yayinda yake a Jami'ar Regent, an zaɓi Bello don yin horo tare da sanannen ICM Talent Agency a duniya a bikin fina-finai na Cannes na 2011. Ta kuma halarci bikin fina-finai na Sundance a wannan shekarar a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin aji da jami'ar ta shirya kuma ta sadu da fitattun masu shirya fina-fakkaatu da yawa yayin zamanta. Bayan kammala karatunta a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011, Bello ta koma gida don shiga masana'antar da ke ci gaba da ake kira [[Nollywood]] . Ilimin ta, haɗe da abubuwan da ta samu a masana'antar a cikin gida da kuma duniya, ya sa Bello ta sami kayan aiki don samarwa da kuma jagorantar fim dinta na biyu Flower Girl, wanda aka saki a watan Fabrairun 2013 zuwa sake dubawa. Fim din ya buga lamba daya a cikin fina-finai a fadin Najeriya kuma daga baya aka sake shi a Ghana kuma yana da irin wannan martani. Bayan watanni da yawa, an fara gabatar da Flower Girl a Amurka a bikin fina-finai na Hollywood Black a Los Angeles a watan Oktoba 2013. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, ya haye zuwa bude kasuwar Burtaniya a cikin manyan sarkar fina-finai guda uku ciki har da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Odeon, Vue da Cineworld. Michelle ita ce mace ta farko da ta fara gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya. Flower Girl daga baya ta lashe kyautar 'Fim din Afirka mafi kyau' a Burtaniya a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Black a farkon Nuwamban shekarar 2013. Fim din ya sake haye Tekun Atlantika don a nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film a watan Fabrairun shekarar 2014. Aberdeen, Scotland, ita ce tashar fim din ta gaba kuma an sake ta a cikin fim din a watan Fabrairu. Ya ci gaba da lashe kyautar Screen Nation Film & Television 2014 a Burtaniya don 'Fim din New Nollywood da aka fi so' a wannan watan. Fim din ya kuma sami gabatarwa don 'Best Lighting' a Africa Movie Academy Awards 2013, da kuma 'Best Film' a bikin fina-finai na Afirka na 2013. Michelle ta sami lambar yabo ta Trailblazer mai daraja da ake so sosai a kwanan nan na Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards 2014, wanda ya faru a Legas, Najeriya. Alƙalai da suka jefa kuri'a sun bayyana cewa ana ba ta lambar yabo "don jajircewarta da nuna baiwa, ƙwarewarta da damar da za ta iya samun damar yin fim din Afirka". Wannan lambar yabo ta zo ne tare da sabon motar motsa jiki ta Hyundai. An zabi Flower Girl kanta don kyaututtuka hudu na AMVCA ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim da Mafi Kyawu Mai Taimako kuma ya ci gaba da lashe Kyautar Mawallafi Mafi Kyawu a cikin Comedy da Kyautar Mataimakin Actress. halin yanzu tana haɓaka fim dinta na uku. [unreliable source?] === Sauran ayyukan === A karkashin laima na Blu Star Entertainment Limited, Bello ya buga The Film Directory, wani littafi da ke lissafa masu shirya fina-finai da kamfanoni da yawa na Najeriya a cikin masana'antar. An ƙaddamar da fitowar farko a watan Satumbar 2007 a bikin fina-finai na Abuja kuma hukumomin gwamnati sun goyi bayan su ciki har da Kamfanin Fim na Najeriya da Hukumar Kula da Fim da Bidiyo ta Kasa. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Yayinda take yarinya a makaranta a Ingila, ƙwarewar Bello ta motsa jiki ta sa ta shiga cikin ƙwallon ƙafa na makaranta, yin iyo da ƙungiyoyin masu zagaye. Baya ga wannan, ta kuma ba da lokaci ga ɓangaren kiɗa na yanayinta kuma ta koyi yin wasa da saxophone da piano. [[Fayil:The Oak (serial) (IA oakserial1972loui).pdf|thumb]] Mahaifin Bello dan Najeriya, Air Vice Marshal Abdullahi Bello (rtd.), an haife shi a Jimeta, [[Yola]], [[Adamawa|Jihar Adamawa]], kuma ya tashi ta hanyar matsayi ya zama ƙaramin Shugaban Ma'aikatan Jirgin Sama a Afirka a 1980. Bayan shekaru 25 na aiki mai kyau ya yi ritaya daga Sojojin Sama na Najeriya. Mahaifiyarta 'yar Amurka / Faransanci, Sylvaline, fitacciyar mai ba da shawara ce ta zane-zane ta Najeriya, tana inganta wasan kwaikwayo da zane-zane a gida da waje a matsayin Shugaban wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta Najeriya da ake kira Masoma Africa Foundation for the Arts . Tun tana ƙarama, mahaifiyar Bello ta fallasa ta ga kiɗa, wasan kwaikwayo da fina-finai waɗanda koyaushe take samun nishaɗi. == Fina-finai == * Sheltered (2005), Darakta / Mai gabatarwa * Small Boy <ref name="Small Boy Movie">{{Cite web |title=Small Boy Movie. |url=http://smallboymovie.com/ |access-date=2024-02-26 |archive-date=2017-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510110934/http://smallboymovie.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> (2009), Darakta / Mai gabatarwa * <ref name="Flower Girl Movie">{{Cite web |url=http://www.flowergirlthemovie.com/ |title=Flower Girl Movie |access-date=2024-02-26 |archive-date=2023-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327015921/https://flowergirlthemovie.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Girl [1] (2013), Darakta / Mai gabatarwa * Immoral Dilemma (2016) - Mataimakin Mai gabatarwa == Talabijin == * Lokaci tare da Mo - Season 1 (2007) Mataimakin Mai gabatarwa * Sesame Street Najeriya - Season 1 (2010) Daraktan == Bidiyo na kiɗa == * Greenland (2007) Mai gabatarwa == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun Tsarin - Nollywood Movies Awards 2014 . * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun Sauti - Nollywood Movies Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun sauti don Efya - Nollywood Movies Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun Edita - Nollywood Movies Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Fim din Nollywood da aka fi so - Screen Nation Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Kyautar Trailblazer - Kyautar Zaɓin Mai kallo na Afirka na 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo - Africa Magic Viewer's Choice Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun Rubutun (Comedy) - Kyautar Zaɓin Mai kallo na Afirka 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Wanda ya ci nasara: Mafi kyawun Fim na Afirka - Black International Film Festival U.K 2013 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An zabi shi: Fim mafi kyau na 2013 - Kyautar Zaɓin Mai kallo na Afirka na 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An zabi shi: Mafi kyawun Mai ba da tallafi - Kyautar Zaɓin Mai kallo na Afirka na 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An zabi shi: Mata na Afirka da aka fi so na Duniya Emerging Screen Talent - Screen Nation Awards 2014 . <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An zabi shi: Fim mafi kyau - Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka na 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * An zabi shi: Mafi kyawun Haske - Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ta 2013. <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * <ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) - Kyautar Kyautar Kyautattun Ayyuka ta 2009. * Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) - Kyautar Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Yaro Actor 2009.<ref name="Small Boy: Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA)" /> * Small Boy: Nomination a bikin fina-finai na Black Film na Amurka a Los Angeles 2008 (Lambar Heineken Red Star don Innovation a Fim) * Small Boy: Nomination a bikin fina-finai na baƙar fata na Amurka a Los Angeles 2008 (Lambar Mai Fim na Target don Mafi Fim mai ban sha'awa) * Girl: Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka (AMAA) 2013 - An zabi shi don Nasarar Haske [1] * <ref>[http://blogs.indiewire.com/shadowandact/hollywood-black-film-festival-announces-official-2013-lineup HBFF Official Selections 2013.]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hollywood Black Film Festival Official Selections 2013. |url=http://www.hbff.org/hbff-2013-official-selections/ |access-date=2024-02-26 |archive-date=2013-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927073633/http://www.hbff.org/hbff-2013-official-selections/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Girl: An zaba shi a hukumance don a nuna shi a 2013 Hollywood Black Film Festival a Los Angeles a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2013 [1] == Duba kuma == * Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya * [[Flower Girl (film)|Yarinyar Fure]] == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] c0utahzmjdmb953ka2sp2qmbyushi00 0 72153 863828 859249 2026-06-22T11:44:37Z MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM 37991 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360020249|IK Ogbonna]]" 863828 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Ikechukwu Mitchel Ogbonna''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1984), wanda aka fi sani da '''IK Ogbonna''', ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na fina-finai da talabijin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]], samfurin, darektan, kuma ɗan wasan talabijin. Shi Darakta ne, Model da kuma Mutumin talabijin.<ref name="eduprofile">{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=2022-10-17 |title=Education Profile of IK Ogbonna |url=https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=PressPayNg Blog |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kasance a cikin fim din Playing Safe tare da Tonto Dikeh da [[Ini Edo]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=11 May 2013 |title=Playing Safe 'Review' |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2013/05/playing-safe.html |website=Nollywood REinvented}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ik ya sami karatun firamare da sakandare a Jihar Legas, inda ya sami Takardar shaidarsa ta farko da Takardar shaidar Makarantar Afirka ta Yamma bi da bi.<ref name="eduprofile">{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=2022-10-17 |title=Education Profile of IK Ogbonna |url=https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=PressPayNg Blog |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ "Education Profile of IK Ogbonna"]. ''PressPayNg Blog''. 17 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Ya kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko a fannin zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Jos a Jihar Plateau . <ref name="eduprofile" /> Mai wasan kwaikwayo ya sami digiri na Doctorate na Arts a cikin Jagora da Ci gaba daga Institut Supérieur De Management et de Technologie (ISMT). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-12 |title=Institut Supérieur De Management et de Technologie (ISMT) - Le Grand Frère |url=https://legrandfrere.bf/etablissement/institut-superieur-de-management-et-detechnologie-ismt/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241211093623/https://legrandfrere.bf/etablissement/institut-superieur-de-management-et-detechnologie-ismt/ |archive-date=11 December 2024 |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=legrandfrere.bf/ |language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ogbonna ya shiga cikin sauraron shirin talabijin na Amstel Malta Box Office a shekara ta 2005 kuma an zaba shi. Ya kasance abin koyi na dogon lokaci. Yayinda yake makarantar sakandare ya lashe lambar yabo ta Milo don Fine Arts <ref name="eduprofile">{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=2022-10-17 |title=Education Profile of IK Ogbonna |url=https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=PressPayNg Blog |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ "Education Profile of IK Ogbonna"]. ''PressPayNg Blog''. 17 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Farkonsa a masana'antar fina-finai ya fara ne a shekarar 2013 lokacin da ya fito a Love Lorn . <ref name="eduprofile">{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=2022-10-17 |title=Education Profile of IK Ogbonna |url=https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=PressPayNg Blog |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ "Education Profile of IK Ogbonna"]. ''PressPayNg Blog''. 17 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> A halin yanzu Alkalin ne a ''De9jaspirit Talent Hunt'' show . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=2023-07-06 |title=Season 3 De9jaspirit Talent Hunt 2023 returns with 4 Judges, Host of incredible prizes |url=https://nigerianpilot.news/2023/07/06/season-3-de9jaspirit-talent-hunt-2023-returns-with-4-judges-host-of-incredible-prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802140905/https://nigerianpilot.news/2023/07/06/season-3-de9jaspirit-talent-hunt-2023-returns-with-4-judges-host-of-incredible-prizes/ |archive-date=2023-08-02 |access-date=2023-08-02 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Ogbonna ya gaya wa The Vanguard a cikin 2023 cewa dangantakarsa ta fara ne da abota saboda bai san yadda za a nemi mace ba. Ya taɓa auren Sonia Morales kuma suna da ɗa, Ace Ogbonna. Bugu da ƙari, yana da 'yar mai suna Makayla daga dangantakar da ta gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Black |first=Henry |date=2018-12-30 |title=The Revelation: IK Ogbonna First Child Surface and Trouble Begins Again! |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/the-revelation-ik-ogbonna-first-child-surface-and-trouble-begins-again/ |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=Nigeriafilms |language=en-US}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == * Ajiye Rai (2007) a matsayin Dauda * Abin sha'awa (2012) * ''Lovelorn'' (2012) * Abin sha'awa (2012) * ''Yin wasa lafiya'' (2013) a matsayin Laporsche * ''An sace Gobe'' (2013) * ''A cikin Takalmanta'' (2013) a matsayin Ben * The Wrong Selfie (2014) a matsayin Alex * Hustlers (2014) a matsayin Cliff * Golden Diggin (2014) a matsayin Ik * ''Lines da ba su da tabbas'' (2014) * ''Otal din Honeymoon'' (2014) * ''Abokina Mai arziki'' (2014) * ''Ikogosi'' (2015) a matsayin George * Open Marriage (2015) a matsayin Kelvin * ''Black Bird'' (2015) a matsayin Chuks * A Week to My Wedding (2016) a matsayin Pedro * ''Ghana Dole ne ta tafi'' (2016) * Ɗauki Mutum (2017) a matsayin Benjamin * Fitar da Ƙauna (2017) Gilbert * Kayan aiki da yawa (2017) a matsayin Enyinna * Disguise (2018) a matsayin Belinda/Lambo * The Washerman (2018) a matsayin Boniface * ''SHOWBIZ'' (2019) * The Confessor (2019) a matsayin Rev. Frank * Unroyal (2020) a matsayin Yarima Leonard * Ayyuka masu laushi (2020) a matsayin Dr. J. * ''Hanyar Komawa Gida'' (2021) a matsayin George * ''[[Kirsimeti a Miami]]'' (2021) a matsayin Nite Club PR * Ni Nazzy ne (2022) * ''Kuskuren'' (2022) a matsayin Jasper * The Switch (2023) a matsayin Pablo * Loving Belinda (2023) a matsayin Chucks * ''Babban Ranar Teni'' (2023) a matsayin Benjamin * Ta Dukkanin (2024) a matsayin Nonso * ''Yadda nake son a ƙaunace ni'' (2024) a matsayin Olisa * Dukkanin da ke Haskakawa (2024) a matsayin Chuks * ''[[Move like a Boss|Ka yi tafiya kamar shugaba]]'' (2024) [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 6b31v3fae6nudkvc9hn7pwp5hnu34es 863830 863828 2026-06-22T11:52:10Z MUDASSIR MODE BISSALAM 37991 863830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Ikechukwu Mitchel Ogbonna''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1984), wanda aka fi sani da '''IK Ogbonna''', ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na fina-finai da talabijin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]], samfurin, darektan, kuma ɗan wasan talabijin. Shi Darakta ne, Model da kuma Mutumin talabijin.<ref name="eduprofile">{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=2022-10-17 |title=Education Profile of IK Ogbonna |url=https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=PressPayNg Blog |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kasance a cikin fim din Playing Safe tare da Tonto Dikeh da [[Ini Edo]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=11 May 2013 |title=Playing Safe 'Review' |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2013/05/playing-safe.html |website=Nollywood REinvented}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ik ya sami karatun firamare da sakandare a Jihar Legas, inda ya sami Takardar shaidarsa ta farko da Takardar shaidar Makarantar Afirka ta Yamma bi da bi.<ref name="eduprofile">{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=2022-10-17 |title=Education Profile of IK Ogbonna |url=https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=PressPayNg Blog |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ "Education Profile of IK Ogbonna"]. ''PressPayNg Blog''. 17 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Ya kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko a fannin zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Jos a Jihar Plateau . <ref name="eduprofile" /> Mai wasan kwaikwayo ya sami digiri na Doctorate na Arts a cikin Jagora da Ci gaba daga Institut Supérieur De Management et de Technologie (ISMT). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-12 |title=Institut Supérieur De Management et de Technologie (ISMT) - Le Grand Frère |url=https://legrandfrere.bf/etablissement/institut-superieur-de-management-et-detechnologie-ismt/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241211093623/https://legrandfrere.bf/etablissement/institut-superieur-de-management-et-detechnologie-ismt/ |archive-date=11 December 2024 |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=legrandfrere.bf/ |language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ogbonna ya shiga cikin sauraron shirin talabijin na Amstel Malta Box Office a shekara ta 2005 kuma an zaba shi. Ya kasance abin koyi na dogon lokaci. Yayinda yake makarantar sakandare ya lashe lambar yabo ta Milo don Fine Arts <ref name="eduprofile">{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=2022-10-17 |title=Education Profile of IK Ogbonna |url=https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=PressPayNg Blog |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ "Education Profile of IK Ogbonna"]. ''PressPayNg Blog''. 17 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Farkonsa a masana'antar fina-finai ya fara ne a shekarar 2013 lokacin da ya fito a Love Lorn . <ref name="eduprofile">{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=2022-10-17 |title=Education Profile of IK Ogbonna |url=https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=PressPayNg Blog |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://presspay.ng/news/education-profile-of-ik-ogbonna/ "Education Profile of IK Ogbonna"]. ''PressPayNg Blog''. 17 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> A halin yanzu Alkalin ne a ''De9jaspirit Talent Hunt'' show . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--staff writer--> |date=2023-07-06 |title=Season 3 De9jaspirit Talent Hunt 2023 returns with 4 Judges, Host of incredible prizes |url=https://nigerianpilot.news/2023/07/06/season-3-de9jaspirit-talent-hunt-2023-returns-with-4-judges-host-of-incredible-prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802140905/https://nigerianpilot.news/2023/07/06/season-3-de9jaspirit-talent-hunt-2023-returns-with-4-judges-host-of-incredible-prizes/ |archive-date=2023-08-02 |access-date=2023-08-02 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Ogbonna ya gaya wa The Vanguard a cikin 2023 cewa dangantakarsa ta fara ne da abota saboda bai san yadda za a nemi mace ba. Ya taɓa auren Sonia Morales kuma suna da ɗa, Ace Ogbonna. Bugu da ƙari, yana da 'yar mai suna Makayla daga dangantakar da ta gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Black |first=Henry |date=2018-12-30 |title=The Revelation: IK Ogbonna First Child Surface and Trouble Begins Again! |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/the-revelation-ik-ogbonna-first-child-surface-and-trouble-begins-again/ |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=Nigeriafilms |language=en-US}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == * Ajiye Rai (2007) a matsayin Dauda * Abin sha'awa (2012) * ''Lovelorn'' (2012) * Abin sha'awa (2012) * ''Yin wasa lafiya'' (2013) a matsayin Laporsche * ''An sace Gobe'' (2013) * ''A cikin Takalmanta'' (2013) a matsayin Ben * The Wrong Selfie (2014) a matsayin Alex * Hustlers (2014) a matsayin Cliff * Golden Diggin (2014) a matsayin Ik * ''Lines da ba su da tabbas'' (2014) * ''Otal din Honeymoon'' (2014) * ''Abokina Mai arziki'' (2014) * ''Ikogosi'' (2015) a matsayin George * Open Marriage (2015) a matsayin Kelvin * ''Black Bird'' (2015) a matsayin Chuks * A Week to My Wedding (2016) a matsayin Pedro * ''Ghana Dole ne ta tafi'' (2016) * Ɗauki Mutum (2017) a matsayin Benjamin * Fitar da Ƙauna (2017) Gilbert * Kayan aiki da yawa (2017) a matsayin Enyinna * Disguise (2018) a matsayin Belinda/Lambo * The Washerman (2018) a matsayin Boniface * ''SHOWBIZ'' (2019) * The Confessor (2019) a matsayin Rev. Frank * Unroyal (2020) a matsayin Yarima Leonard * Ayyuka masu laushi (2020) a matsayin Dr. J. * ''Hanyar Komawa Gida'' (2021) a matsayin George * ''[[Kirsimeti a Miami]]'' (2021) a matsayin Nite Club PR * Ni Nazzy ne (2022) * ''Kuskuren'' (2022) a matsayin Jasper * The Switch (2023) a matsayin Pablo * Loving Belinda (2023) a matsayin Chucks * ''Babban Ranar Teni'' (2023) a matsayin Benjamin * Ta Dukkanin (2024) a matsayin Nonso * ''Yadda nake son a ƙaunace ni'' (2024) a matsayin Olisa * Dukkanin da ke Haskakawa (2024) a matsayin Chuks * ''[[Move like a Boss|Ka yi tafiya kamar shugaba]]'' (2024) [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] b12rdbmpstnkjfodroiene7mwrps7bg 0 73327 863540 390582 2026-06-21T21:39:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863540 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nezha Rahil''' 'yar wasan Morocco ce.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Personnes {{!}} Africultures : Rahil Nezha|url=http://africultures.com/personnes/?no=7497|access-date=2021-11-16|website=Africultures|language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nezha Rahil : "J'attends toujours le rôle de ma vie"|url=https://telquel.ma/2018/09/14/nezha-rahil-jattends-toujours-le-role-de-ma-vie_1610611?fbrefresh=7|access-date=2021-11-16|website=Telquel.ma|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nezha Rahil|url=https://en.unifrance.org/directories/person/305625/nezha-rahil|access-date=2021-11-16|website=en.unifrance.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Africiné - Nezha Rahil|url=http://www.africine.org/personne/nezha-rahil/7497|access-date=2021-11-16|website=Africiné|language=fr|archive-date=2024-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225011339/http://www.africine.org/personne/nezha-rahil/7497|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nezha RAHIL|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/en/festival/artist/nezha-rahil|access-date=2021-11-16|website=Festival de Cannes 2021|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nezha Rahil Archives|url=https://www.quinzaine-realisateurs.com/acteur/nezha-rahil/|access-date=2021-11-16|website=Quinzaine des Réalisateurs|language=fr-FR|archive-date=2021-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116113423/https://www.quinzaine-realisateurs.com/acteur/nezha-rahil/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nezha Rahil : «Je refuse la médiocrité»|url=https://aujourdhui.ma/culture/nezha-rahil-je-refuse-la-mediocrite-87525|access-date=2021-11-16|website=Aujourd'hui le Maroc|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ta shahara da yawan fitowa a fina-finan mijinta [[Faouzi Bensaïdi]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Armes|first=Roy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yFJnRzJ8HuMC&dq=nezha+rahil&pg=PA185|title=African Filmmaking: North and South of the Sahara|date=2006|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-34853-1|language=en}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fina-finan === * 1995: ''[[Chevaux de fortune]]'' * 1998: ''[[Adieu forain]]'' * 2003: ''[[A Thousand Months|A Thousand Months (Mille mois)]]''<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gritten|first=David|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tecqAQAAIAAJ&q=nezha+rahil|title=Halliwell's the Movies that Matter: From Bogart to Bond and All the Latest Film Releases|date=2008|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-00-727106-1|language=en}}</ref> * 2006: ''[[WWW - What a Wonderful World|WWW: What a Wonderful World]]'' * 2007: ''Number One''<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5rYqAQAAIAAJ&q=nezha+rahil|title=The Hollywood Reporter|date=2009|publisher=Hollywood Reporter Incorporated|language=en}}</ref> * 2011: ''[[Death for Sale|Death for Sale (Mort à vendre)]]'' * 2015: ''[[Fatima (2015 film)|Fatima]]'' * 2017: ''[[Volubilis (2017 film)|Volubilis]]'' === Gajerun fina-finai === * 2000: Trajets * 2000: Le Mur == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] ak7gmnu889wzt7hh95p569drg5ewy9z 0 73334 863420 721345 2026-06-21T18:20:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Naima Lamcharki''' (an haife ta a shekara ta Yuli 11, 1943 a Casablanca kuma ya mutu Oktoba 5, 2024) ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Morocco.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Personnes {{!}} Africultures : Lemcherki Naima|url=http://africultures.com/personnes/?no=7488|access-date=2021-11-12|website=Africultures|language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Naima Lamcharki|url=https://www.telerama.fr/personnalite/naima-lamcharki,512881,filmographie.php|access-date=2021-11-12|website=Télérama.fr|language=fr}}</ref> == Kyautattuka == Lamcharki ta lashe kyautar mafi kyawun jagorar mata saboda rawar da ta yi a cikin ''A la recherche du mari de ma femme'' da bikin fina-finai na ƙasa karo na 6 a shekarar 2001.<ref>{{Cite web|title=versionAng2|url=https://www.ccm.ma/festan/palmaresnat6.html|access-date=2021-11-12|website=www.ccm.ma|archive-date=2021-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112174729/https://www.ccm.ma/festan/palmaresnat6.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2021, ta sami lambar yabo mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a bikin Malmo Arab Film Festival (MAFF) na Sweden na 11 na shekara saboda rawar da ta taka a [[Mohamed Moftakir]] 's ''L'automne des pommiers''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sauers|first=Michael|title=Naima Lamcharki Wins Best Actress at Malmo International Arab Film Fest|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/04/339545/naima-lamcharki-wins-best-actress-at-malmo-international-arab-film-fest|access-date=2021-11-12|website=www.moroccoworldnews.com/|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MATIN|first=LE|title=Le Matin - Naima Lamcharki sacrée meilleure actrice au Festival international du film arabe de Malmö|url=https://lematin.ma/express/2021/naima-lamcharki-sacree-meilleure-actrice-sue/356491.html|access-date=2021-11-12|website=Le Matin|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Naima Lamcharki Best Actress at Malmö International Arab Film Festival {{!}} MapNews|url=https://www.mapnews.ma/en/actualites/culture/naima-lamcharki-best-actress-malm%C3%B6-international-arab-film-festival|access-date=2021-11-12|website=www.mapnews.ma}}</ref> == Filmography == === A matsayin 'yar wasa === * 1961: ''La venganza de Don Mendo'' * 1963: ''[[Casablanca, Nest of Spies]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Casablanca, Nest of Spies (1964)|url=https://en.unifrance.org/movie/4863/casablanca-nest-of-spies|access-date=2021-11-12|website=en.unifrance.org|language=en}}</ref>'' * 1977: [[Blood Wedding (1977 film)|''Blood Wedding'']]<ref>{{Cite web|title=:: CENTRE CINEMATOGRAPHIQUE MAROCAIN ::|url=https://www.ccm.ma/en/fiche_film-49|access-date=2021-11-12|website=www.ccm.ma}}</ref> * 1982: ''Les Beaux Jours de Shéhérazade''<ref>{{Cite web|title=:: CENTRE CINEMATOGRAPHIQUE MAROCAIN ::|url=https://www.ccm.ma/fiche_film-95|access-date=2021-11-12|website=www.ccm.ma}}</ref> * 1993: ''A la recherche du mari de ma femme'' * 1998: ''Rue La Caire''<ref>{{Cite web|title=:: CENTRE CINEMATOGRAPHIQUE MAROCAIN ::|url=https://www.ccm.ma/en/fiche_film-29|access-date=2021-11-12|website=www.ccm.ma}}</ref> * 2002: ''Et après?'' * 2006: ''Mauvaise foi'' * 2010: ''La grande villa'' * 2020: ''L’automne des pommiers''<ref>{{Cite web|title=:: CENTRE CINEMATOGRAPHIQUE MAROCAIN ::|url=https://www.ccm.ma/fiche_film-781|access-date=2021-11-29|website=www.ccm.ma}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] g1rtby2obvm609h3e2gu8s77hxwzpp0 0 74840 863766 539280 2026-06-22T10:05:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863766 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Pauline Mvele.jpg|thumb|Pauline Mvele]] '''Pauline Mvele,''' (an [[Hailee Steinfeld|haife]] ta a shekara ta 1969) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce, darekta kuma marubucin allo daga [[Burkina Faso]] . Mvele sananne ne da shirya shirye-shiryen bidiyo, kuma a halin yanzu yana zaune a [[Gabon]] . Shirye-shiryen ta na mayar da hankali kan batutuwa irin su [[HIV AIDS a Afirka|HIV/AIDS a Afirka]], da kuma cin zarafin matan da mazansu suka mutu da kuma fursunoni a [[Gabon]] . A cikin shekarar 2014 fim ɗinta ya lashe mafi kyawun fim a [[Burundi Film Festival|bikin fina-finai na Burundi]] . == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Pauline Mvele a [[Ivory Coast]] a shekara ta 1969, ta girma a [[Burkina Faso]] . Ta yi karatu a jami'ar Joseph Ki-Zerbo da ke [[Ouagadougou|birnin Ouagadougou]] inda ta hadu da mijinta, kuma a shekarar 1999 ta kammala digiri na biyu a aikin jarida. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.touteinfo.com/spip.php?article1868|title=Pauline Mvélé : la journaliste burkinabè devenue N°1 en réalisation de (...) - TOUTE INFO|website=www.touteinfo.com|access-date=2020-02-02}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatun, Mvele ta ƙaura zuwa [[Gabon]] tare da mijinta, wanda ɗan ƙasar Gabon ne. Yayin da take ƙasar Gabon, ta fuskanci wahala wajen neman aiki, sai da ta ɗauki aikin banza kafin daga bisani ta sami aikin yi a aikin jarida a mujallar mata Amina .<ref name="gaboneco.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gaboneco.com/gabon-le-cinema-verite-sur-le-sida-de-pauline-mvele.html|title=Gabon : Le cinéma-vérité sur le Sida de Pauline Mvele|website=Gaboneco|language=fr|access-date=2020-02-02|archive-date=2019-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531221602/http://www.gaboneco.com/gabon-le-cinema-verite-sur-le-sida-de-pauline-mvele.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mvele ya shiga cikin kungiyoyin rigakafin HIV/AIDS. An zaburar da ita ta fara fafutuka da shirya fina-finai bayan ta rubuta ƙasida game da matsalolin da mata masu dauke da cutar kanjamau ke fuskanta a Gabon, da kuma ganin kyakkyawar martani da labarin ya samu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://afriquefemme.com/fr/vie-pro/femmes-leaders/3139-pauline-mvele-realisatrice-je-veux-denoncer-cette-pratique-d-exploitation-des-veuves|title=Pauline Mvele, Réalisatrice : " je veux dénoncer cette pratique d'exploitation des veuves "|website=afriquefemme.com|language=fr-fr|access-date=2020-02-02|archive-date=2020-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202091259/http://afriquefemme.com/fr/vie-pro/femmes-leaders/3139-pauline-mvele-realisatrice-je-veux-denoncer-cette-pratique-d-exploitation-des-veuves|url-status=dead}}</ref> A shekarar 2009, Mvele ya ba da umarni ''Accroche-toi!'' ( [[Turanci]] : ''Riƙe!'' ), Fim ɗin ta na gaskiya na farko. ''Acroche-toi!'' ya binciki rayuwar mata biyar masu ɗauke da cutar kanjamau a kasar Gabon, da nufin rage kyamar masu dauke da cutar kanjamau da ƙarfafa masu ɗauke da cutar kanjamau da kada su yi ƙasa a gwiwa wajen rayuwa. Ta shirya fim ɗin tare da haɗin gwiwar darakta [[Imunga Ivanga]] na Gabon, kuma Cibiyar Hoto da Sauti ta Gabon ta shirya kuma ta ɗauki nauyin fim ɗin. A cikin shekarar 2011 Mvele ya ba da umarnin ''waɗanda ba su yi aure ba'' (Turanci: ''Ba laifi!'' ), wani shirin shirin da ya yi tir da cin zarafin matan Gabon da iyalan mazajensu da suka rasu suka yi, musamman yadda ake wa matan da suka mutu suka mutu dukiyarsu. A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta jagoranci shirin ''Sans familie'' (Turanci: ''Ba tare da Iyali ba'' ), wanda ya yi cikakken bayani game da zalunci da rashin kyawun yanayin rayuwa na fursunoni a Cibiyar Tsaro ta [[Libreville]] .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://afriquefemme.com/fr/entre-nous/femmes-leaders/3139-pauline-mvele-realisatrice-je-veux-denoncer-cette-pratique-d-exploitation-des-veuves|title=Pauline Mvele, Réalisatrice : " je veux dénoncer cette pratique d'exploitation des veuves "|website=afriquefemme.com|language=fr-fr|access-date=2020-02-02|archive-date=2019-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012124733/http://afriquefemme.com/fr/entre-nous/femmes-leaders/3139-pauline-mvele-realisatrice-je-veux-denoncer-cette-pratique-d-exploitation-des-veuves|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2017, Mvele yana aiki da wani sabon fim mai suna "Le Nganga blanc", wanda ya biyo bayan rayuwar Hugues Obiang Poitevin, wani Bafaranshe wanda ya zauna a Gabon tsawon shekaru arba'in, kuma ya nutse cikin al'adun Gabon, musamman Bwiti . Fim ɗin shirin ya sami lambar yabo ta farko don Mafi kyawun ra'ayi daga [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|Panafrican Film and Television Festival na Ouagadougou]] . Mvele ta shirya bikin Fina-finan Mata na Duniya na Urusaro na Uku a cikin Maris 2018. A watan Oktoban shekara ta 2019, ta kasance memba na alkalai na Gabashin Afirka a wurin bikin fina-finan mata na Ursaro na kasa da kasa. A cikin Nuwamba 2019, an ba da sanarwar cewa Mvele zai gabatar da sabon shirin fim a Lab ɗin Fim na farko na [[Yaounde|Yaoundé]] a [[Kamaru]] daga Nuwamba zuwa Disamba 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gabonreview.com/blog/yaounde-film-lab-le-gabon-y-sera-avec-deux-projets/|title=Yaoundé film lab : Le Gabon y sera avec deux projets|date=2019-11-05|website=Gabonreview.com {{!}} Actualité du Gabon {{!}}|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-02-02}}</ref> == Aiki da sauran aiki == Ayyukan Mvele sun mai da hankali kan matsalolin zamantakewar da ke fuskantar Gabon, kamar matsalar AIDS, rashin mu'amala da fursunoni, da cin zarafin mata da mazansu suka mutu daga surukansu . Jigogi na son zuciya da wariya sune jigo a yawancin ayyukanta, kuma ta kan ba da shawarar don ƙarin fahimta da kyautata jin daɗin ƙungiyoyin da aka ware. Mvele shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban ƙungiyar yaki da cutar kanjamau ta Gabon, wadda ke wayar da kan jama’a da kuma ƙoƙarin hana yaduwar cutar kanjamau. Ƙungiyar tana inganta Abstinence, zama mai aminci, amfani da samfurin kwaroron roba na ilimin jima'i .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gabonreview.com/blog/vih-sida-espoir-enfants-sensibilise/|title=VIH-Sida : Espoir pour les enfants sensibilise|date=2018-02-14|website=Gabonreview.com {{!}} Actualité du Gabon {{!}}|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-02-02}}</ref> == Fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" |+Fina-finan da ke nuna Mvele ! Shekara ! Take ! Dan wasan kwaikwayo ! Darakta |- | 2015 | ''Télésourd'' |{{Yes}}|{{No}} |- | rowspan="3" | 2014 | ''Ciwon daji na ciwon daji'' |{{No}}|{{Yes}} |- | ' '''''Sans famille'''''' |{{No}}|{{Yes}} |- | ' '''''Mafi kyawun'''''' |{{No}}|{{Yes}} |- | 2009 | ' '''''Accroche-toi!'''''' |{{No}}|{{Yes}} |- | 2011 | ' '''''Ma'aurata'''''' |{{No}}|{{Yes}} |- | 1989 | ''Le Choix de Chantal'' |{{Yes}}|{{No}} |} == Kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable" |+Jerin lambobin yabo da zaɓe, nuna lambar yabo, shekara da ƙungiya ! Shekara ! Aiki ! Kyauta ! Ƙungiya ! Sakamako |- | 2014 | ''Iyalin Sans'' | Mafi kyawun Fim | Bikin Fim na Burundi|{{Won}} |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1969]] fvbozuxbra80ixlvhq7s3g4ja9qyrzf 0 74990 863417 407267 2026-06-21T18:11:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nagmeldin Ali Abubakr''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, 1986)ɗan wasan [[Sudan]] ce wanda ya fi fafatawa a tseren mita 400 . An haife shi a [[Khartoum]] . Mafi kyawun lokacin sa na yanzu shine 44.93 seconds, wanda ya samu a cikin Afrilu 2005 a [[Makkah|Makka]] . Ali ya yi gasar tseren mita 400 a gasar Olympics ta lokacin zafi a shekarar 2008 da aka yi a birnin Beijing ya kasa tsallakewa zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe. Yana zaune a Nyala da ke kudancin Darfur, kuma sajan ne a sojojin Sudan . Iyalinsa 'yan kabilar Zaghawa ne (Beri) . <ref name="stuff.co.nz">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120319004800/http://www.stuff.co.nz/ "Darfur athletes train as Olympic row rages"], Reuters, April 15, 2008</ref> == Nasarorin da aka samu == {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |- ! colspan="6" | Representing {{SUD}} |- | rowspan=4 | 2003 | [[2003 World Youth Championships in Athletics|World Youth Championships]] | [[Sherbrooke, Canada]] | bgcolor="gold" | 1st | 400 m | 46.10 |- | [[2003 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] | [[Paris, France]] | 43rd (h) | 400 m | [[2003 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 400 metres|46.78]] |- | [[Athletics at the 2003 All-Africa Games|All-Africa Games]] | [[Abuja, Nigeria]] | bgcolor="silver" | 2nd | 400 m | [[Athletics at the 2003 All-Africa Games – Men's 400 metres|45.22]] |- | [[Athletics at the 2003 Afro-Asian Games|Afro-Asian Games]] | [[Hyderabad, India]] | bgcolor="silver" | 2nd | 400 m | [[Athletics at the 2003 Afro-Asian Games – Results#400 meters|45.44]] |- | rowspan=4 | 2004 | [[2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] | [[Budapest, Hungary]] | 20th (h) | 400 m | [[2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's 400 metres|47.85]] |- | [[2004 World Junior Championships in Athletics|World Junior Championships]] | [[Grosseto]], [[Italy]] | bgcolor="silver" | 2nd | 400 m | [[2004 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Men's 400 metres|45.97]] |- | [[Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] | [[Athens, Greece]] | 39th (h) | 400 m | [[Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres|46.32]] |- | [[Athletics at the 2004 Pan Arab Games|Pan Arab Games]] | [[Algiers, Algeria]] | bgcolor="silver" | 2nd | 400 m | 45.84 |- | rowspan=3 | 2005 | rowspan=2 | [[Athletics at the 2005 Islamic Solidarity Games|Islamic Solidarity Games]] | rowspan=2 | [[Mecca, Saudi Arabia]] | bgcolor="gold" | 1st | 400 m | [[Athletics at the 2005 Islamic Solidarity Games – Results|44.93]] |- | bgcolor=silver | 2nd | 4 × 400 m relay | [[Athletics at the 2005 Islamic Solidarity Games – Results|3:08.81]] |- | [[2005 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] | [[Helsinki, Finland]] | 15th (sf) | 400 m | [[2005 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 400 metres|46.67]] |- | rowspan=5 | 2007 | rowspan=2 | [[Athletics at the 2007 All-Africa Games|All-Africa Games]] | rowspan=2 | [[Algiers, Algeria]] | 6th | 400 m | [[Athletics at the 2007 All-Africa Games – Men's 400 metres|46.29]] |- | 7th | 4 × 400 m relay | [[Athletics at the 2007 All-Africa Games – Men's 4 x 400 metres relay|3:09.37]] |- | rowspan=3 | [[Athletics at the 2007 Pan Arab Games|Pan Arab Games]] | rowspan=3 | [[Cairo, Egypt]] | 5th | 200 m | [[Athletics at the 2007 Pan Arab Games – Results|21.27]] |- | bgcolor="gold" | 1st | 400 m | [[Athletics at the 2007 Pan Arab Games – Results|46.16]] |- | bgcolor=silver | 2nd | 4 × 400 m relay | [[Athletics at the 2007 Pan Arab Games – Results|3:06.52]] (NR) |- | rowspan=2 | 2008 | [[2008 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] | [[Addis Ababa, Ethiopia]] | bgcolor="gold" | 1st | 400 m | [[2008 African Championships in Athletics – Men's 400 metres|45.64]] |- | [[Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] | [[Beijing, China]] | 50th (h) | 400 m | [[Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres|47.12]] |- | 2009 | [[2009 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] | [[Berlin, Germany]] | 36th (h) | 400 m | [[2009 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 400 metres|46.48]] |} == Nassoshi == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{World Athletics||name=Nagmeldin Ali Abubakr}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080727092932/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1819129_1819134_1825966,00.html "Nagmeldin Ali Abubakr"], n°58 on ''Time''’s list of "100 Olympic Athletes To Watch" [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1986]] cxbo0mr4gu15buz9waj8yrjznwkthcq 0 75435 863599 530764 2026-06-22T04:54:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Olusoji Fasuba|image=Olusoji Fasuba 2007.jpg|imagesize=<!-- Only for images narrower than 220 pixels -->|caption=Olusoji Fasuba in 2007|fullname=|nationality=[[Nigeria]]|sport=Running|event=|club=|collegeteam=|birth_date=Birth date and age{{!}}1984{{!}}07{{!}}09{{!}}|birth_place=|residence=|weight={{convert|70|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}|medaltemplates=<nowiki>MedalBronze| 2004 Summer Olympics|2004 Athens]] | </nowiki>[[Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay|4x100 m relay MedalCompetition|World Indoor Championships MedalGold |2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships|2008 Valencia]]{{!}}60 m MedalCompetition{{!}}[[All-Africa Games]] <nowiki>MedalGold |Athletics at the 2007 All-Africa Games|2007 Algiers Athletics at the 2007 All-Africa Games – Men's 100 metres|100 m]]</nowiki> <nowiki>MedalGold |[[Athletics at the 2007 All-Africa Games|2007 Algiers Athletics at the 2007 All-Africa Games – Men's 4 x 100 metres relay|4x100 m relay</nowiki> MedalCompetition{{!}} Afro-Asian Games MedalGold {{!}}2003 Afro-Asian Games{{!}}2003 Hyderabad Athletics at the 2003 Afro-Asian Games100 m MedalCompetition Commonwealth Games MedalSilver 2006 Commonwealth Games{{!}}2006 Melbourne Athletics at the 2006 Commonwealth Games – Men's 100 metres 100 m|citizenship=Nigeria|occupation=Commonwealth Games|office=Athletics}}'''Olusoji Adetokunbo Fasuba''' (an haife shi 9 ga Yuli 1984) ɗan tseren Najeriya ne wanda ya kware a tseren mita 100.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beijing_Organizing_Committee_for_the_Games_of_the_XXIX_Olympiad</ref> Shi ne mai rike da tarihin Afirka a gasar da maki 9.85&nbsp;seconds har Akani Simbine ya karya ta a watan Yuli 2021 da 9.84&nbsp;seconds. [[Fayil:Osaka07 D2A Men 100M final participants.jpg|thumb|Olusoji Fasuba cikin yan tsere]] Ya kasance memba a tawagar Najeriya da ta lashe lambar yabo ta tagulla a tseren mita 4 x 100 a gasar Olympics ta 2004 . A shekarar ne ya lashe gasar zakarun Afirka a tseren mita 100. Ya lashe lambar azurfa a gasar Commonwealth ta 2006 a bayan Asafa Powell <ref>Vazel, P-J (2006-05-16). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/Kind=2/newsId=34670.html Take nothing for granted Asafa and Justin, Olu Fasuba has hit the big time!]. [[IAAF]]. Retrieved on 2010-03-20.</ref> kuma shine zakaran cikin gida na duniya sama da mita 60 a 2008, ya zama dan Afirka na farko da ya kammala wasan. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Fasuba a garin Sapele da ke jihar Delta a Najeriya, shi ne babba a cikin yara uku. Gudu wani bangare ne na rayuwar danginsa a matsayin mahaifiyarsa, ’yar Jamaica, ta kasance mai tsere a lokacin kuruciyarta kuma kani ne ga Don Quarrie, wanda ya samu lambar zinare ta mita 200 a gasar Olympics. Iyayensa sun kwadaitar da shi tun yana karami kuma yana da saurin gudu har makarantun sakandire su nemi ya yi musu takara duk da cewa shekarunsa na firamare. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance ƙwararren ƙwallon ƙafa, ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa ko ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando kuma, a sakamakon haka, ya sami damar halartar Makarantar Sakandare ta Merit Mixed ta hanyar guraben wasannin motsa jiki. Ya mamaye wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle na makarantar, inda ya yi nasara ba kawai na tsere ba har ma da tsalle-tsalle da tsalle-tsalle. Fasuba ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami’ar Obafemi Awolowo da ke Ile-Ife amma aikin ya yi wuya. Mahaifiyarsa ta ƙarfafa shi, ya yanke shawarar barin tsarin ilimi don neman wasan motsa jiki, babban sha'awarsa. == Aikin wasanni == Fasuba ya sami nasararsa a shekara ta 2003, wanda ya fara da gwaji na kasa na 2003. An zabo shi ne don gudun mitoci 4 x 100 a gasar cin kofin duniya a wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle na shekarar 2003 kuma ya kare a matsayi na hudu da tawagar Najeriya. Fasuba ya rufe shekarar da nasara a cikin 100&nbsp;m a gasar Afro-Asiya na farko. A cikin 2004, ya ci gaba da yin nasara a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka na 2004 a Wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle, kuma ya ci lambar yabo ta farko bayan 'yan watanni - lambar tagulla ta Olympics a matsayin wani ɓangare na 4 × 100.&nbsp;m tawagar relay a gasar Olympics ta Athens 2004 . A shekara ta gaba ya yi takara a cikin 100 da 200&nbsp;m a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya, amma ya kasa kai ko wanne na karshe. A farkon shekara ta 2006 ya kare a matsayi na biyar a Gasar Cikin Gida ta Duniya da na biyu a Gasar Commonwealth . Sannan ya kafa sabon tarihin Afirka da maki 9.85&nbsp;dakika kadan daga gasar [[Doha]] Grand Prix a watan Mayu, wanda ya karya tsohon tarihin Frankie Frederick na 9.86&nbsp;Tun daga shekarar 1996, Fasuba ya taka rawar gani sosai domin ya fi sauran ‘yan gudun hijira da yawa gajeru kusan kafa, ana tunanin yana da mafi saurin gudu a fagen guje-guje. Duk da ciwon raunin da ya faru a duk kakar wasa, Fasuba ya kare lakabin yankinsa a gasar cin kofin Afrika na 2006 . Domin nasarorin da ya samu a shekarar 2006, hukumar wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta Najeriya ta zabe shi a matsayin gwarzon dan wasa na bana na Najeriya.<ref>http://www.iaaf.org/news/athletes/newsid=36236.html</ref> Ya lashe lambobin zinare biyu a gasar wasannin Afirka ta 2007, inda ya yi nasara a cikin 100&nbsp;m da 4 × 100&nbsp;m relay. Sai dai bikin ya ci karo da kiraye-kirayen a dakatar da shi daga cikin tawagar Najeriya sakamakon rashin fahimtar juna: Fasuba ya shirya yin bikin da [[tutar Najeriya]] amma sai ya yi watsi da bikin bayan an kira shi ya yi gwajin magani. <ref name="rb1">Broadbent, Rick (2008-05-09). [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/olympics/article3896333.ece Olusoji Fasuba's difficult race for recognition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511201700/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/olympics/article3896333.ece |date=2008-05-11 }}. ''[[The Times]]''. Retrieved on 2009-05-06.</ref> A ranar 26 ga Agusta, 2007, ya ƙare na huɗu a cikin 100&nbsp;m a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2007 tare da 10.07&nbsp;s. Fasuba ta lashe gasar cikin gida ta duniya da ci 60&nbsp;m Gudu akan 8 Maris 2008 a cikin lokacin 6.51&nbsp;s. A gasar Olympics ta lokacin zafi ta 2008 da aka yi a [[Beijing|birnin Beijing,]] ya halarci gasar 100&nbsp;m kuma ya sanya na biyu a cikin zafinsa bayan Tyson Gay a cikin lokacin 10.29&nbsp;s. Ya samu nasarar zuwa zagaye na biyu inda ya inganta lokacinsa zuwa dakika 10.21. Duk da haka, ya kasa samun cancantar zuwa wasan kusa da na karshe yayin da ya kare a matsayi na hudu bayan Richard Thompson, Gay da Martial Mbandjock . <ref name="beijing">{{Cite web |title=Athlete biography: Olusoji Fasuba |url=http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRM/ENG/BIO/Athlete/3/227453.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080912053511/http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRM/ENG/BIO/Athlete/3/227453.shtml |archive-date=2008-09-12 |access-date=26 August 2008 |website=Beijing2008.cn |publisher=[[The Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games of the XXIX Olympiad]]}}</ref> An shigar da Fasuba cikin 100&nbsp;m a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 2009, amma aikin da ya yi ya yi kadan kuma an kawar da shi a zagaye na biyu bayan ya yi 10.25&nbsp;seconds. Bayan da aka fara rashin kyau zuwa 2010, ba a zaɓe shi don kare 60 nasa ba&nbsp;m a gasar cikin gida ta IAAF ta 2010 kamar yadda Sunday Bada na [[Hukumar wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta Najeriya|kungiyar 'yan wasa ta Najeriya]] ya bayyana cewa ba ya cikin tsari. <ref>Odigbo, Uzor (2010-03-08). [http://www.independentngonline.com/DailyIndependent/Article.aspx?id=9987 Fasuba Missed Doha Because He Wasn’t In Form – Bada]. ''Daily Independent''. Retrieved on 2010-03-20.</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Fasuba shi ne ɗan fari ga Olumide da Evelyn Fasuba, kuma yana da ƙane (Kayode) da ƙanwarsa (Yinka). Ya sadu da [[Ngozi Nwokocha]], mai tseren mita 400, a sansanin horar da 'yan wasa na farko a shekarar 2003 kuma yanzu sun yi aure Suna da 'ya 1. <ref name="Resume">[http://home.arcor.de/africarl/02facts/resume.html Resume] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008035414/http://home.arcor.de/africarl/02facts/resume.html |date=2012-10-08 }}. Olusoji Fasuba official website. Retrieved on 2009-04-16.</ref> <ref name="Focus">Carole Fuchs and Dare Esan (2008-08-03). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/athletes/newsid=36236.html Focus on Athletes - Olusoji Fasuba]. [[IAAF]]. Retrieved on 2009-04-16.</ref> == Aikin soja == A cikin Afrilu 2011 Olusoji ya shiga Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Royal yana neman ta Ofishin Ma'aikatan Navy na Royal a Oxford, kuma ya fara aiki a matsayin Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (Supply Chain). Yana fatan ya ci gaba da wasannin motsa jiki a matsayin abin sha'awa kuma ya yi takara ga rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Royal. Ya bayyana cewa dalilin da ya sa hakan shi ne neman samun kwanciyar hankali ga iyalansa. Yanzu cikakken ƙwararren masani. <ref name="Focus"/> == Nasarorin da aka samu == ''An sabunta ta ƙarshe Afrilu 2009'' Bayan ya doke tambarin Frank Frederick a baya, Fasuba shine 100&nbsp;m Mai rikodi na Afirka tare da 9.85&nbsp;s har Akani Simbine, na Afirka ta Kudu, ya karya ta da 9.84 a 2021; Sai kuma Ferdinand Omanyala, na Kenya, ya rage shi zuwa 9.77 daga baya a waccan shekarar. Bugu da ƙari, wannan ya sanya shi a matsayin haɗin gwiwa-na ashirin mafi sauri 100&nbsp;m mai gudu har abada kuma mai gudu na biyar mafi sauri a wajen yankin NACAC a bayan Omanyala, Marcell Jacobs, Su Bingtian, da Simbine. <ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=o/age=n/season=0/sex=M/all=y/legal=A/disc=100/detail.html 100 Metres All Time]. [[IAAF]] (2008-11-20). Retrieved on 2009-04-09.</ref> Ya kuma kasance na hudu mafi sauri da dan tseren Afirka a tseren mita 60 da 6.49&nbsp;s; [[Leonard Myles-Mills]], dan Najeriya [[Deji Aliu]], da Morne Nagel ne kawai suka yi gudu da sauri. <ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=I/age=N/season=0/sex=M/all=y/legal=A/disc=60/detail.html 60 Metres All Time]. [[IAAF]] (2009-03-08). Retrieved on 2009-04-09.</ref> === Mafi kyawun mutum === {| class="wikitable" !Event !Time (seconds) !Location !Date |- |50 metres |5.76 s |Liévin, France |28 February 2004 |- |60 metres |6.49 s |[[Stuttgart]], Germany |3 February 2007 |- |100 metres |9.85 s |[[Doha]], Qatar |12 May 2006 |- |200 metres |20.52 s |Brussels, Belgium |3 September 2004 |} * <small>Duk bayanan da aka karɓa daga bayanan IAAF. <ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/biographies/letter=0/athcode=198597/index.html Biography Fasuba Olusoji A.]. [[IAAF]]. Retrieved on 2009-04-09.</ref></small> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{World Athletics}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060526081710/http://www.fasuba.de.vu/ Official homepage] * [http://www.iaaf.org/news/athletes/newsid=36236.html IAAF "Focus on Athletes" article] == Nassoshi == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1984]] 6zf8gi7iyw4xpd2crz3ktqlky5wjwii 0 76575 863017 744549 2026-06-21T13:11:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863017 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Moussa Limane''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 1992) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na Afirka ta Tsakiya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba ga kulob din League1 na Ontario Hamilton United . == Aikin kulob == === Afirka === An haife shi a [[Bangui]], Limane ya taka leda a Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka a 2010 tare da DFC8 . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=1 December 2010 |title=Le Diplomate Football Club du 8ème arrondissement remporte la Coupe Barthélemy Boganda. |trans-title=The Diplomate Football Club of the 8th arrondissement wins the Barthélemy Boganda Cup |url=https://www.acap.cf/Le-Diplomate-Football-Club-du-8eme-arrondissement-remporte-la-Coupe-Barthelemy-Boganda_a3834.html |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=www.acap.cf |language=fr |archive-date=18 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918151924/https://www.acap.cf/Le-Diplomate-Football-Club-du-8eme-arrondissement-remporte-la-Coupe-Barthelemy-Boganda_a3834.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Sango |first=Ndjoni |date=26 December 2016 |title=Centrafrique : Moussa Limane appelle à la paix et à la cohésion sociale |trans-title=Central African Republic: Moussa Limane calls for peace and social cohesion |url=https://ndjonisango.com/2016/12/26/centrafrique-moussa-limane-appelle-a-la-paix-et-la-cohesion-sociale/ |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Ndjoni Sango |language=fr-FR}}</ref> A tsawon zamansa da kungiyar da ke Bangui, ya kasance dan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a kungiyar tsawon shekaru biyu a jere tsakanin 2010 da 2011. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=6 June 2016 |title=Centrafrique: Limane Moussa, au meilleur de sa forme. |trans-title=Central African Republic: Limane Moussa, in top form |url=https://lejv2.info/2016/06/06/centrafrique-limane-moussa-au-meilleur-de-sa-forme/ |access-date=5 September 2022 |website=LE JOURNAL VISION 2 |language=fr-FR }}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An kara wasu kayan azurfa a cikin ministocin kofin DFC8 ta hanyar lashe Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya Coupe Nationale a 2010 da kuma kofin gasar a kakar wasa ta gaba. <ref name=":6" /> Ya taka leda a kasashen waje a 2011 a [[Gasar Firimiya ta Sudan|gasar Premier ta Sudan]] tare da Al-Ahly Shendi . <ref> name="NFT">{{NFT player|access-date=3 December 2016}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Soccerway|moussa-limane/232437}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> A cikin 2012, ya koma tsohon kulob dinsa DFC8 inda ya yi aiki a matsayin kyaftin din kungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 March 2012 |title=Défaite à domicile du DFC8 face à Al Hilal du Soudan, 3–0 |trans-title=DFC8 home defeat against Al Hilal of Sudan, 3–0 |url=https://www.radiondekeluka.org/sport/8119-d%C3%A9faite-%C3%A0-domicile-du-dfc8-face-%C3%A0-al-hilal-du-soudan-3-0.html |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=www.radiondekeluka.org |language=fr-fr}}</ref> A lokacin aikinsa na biyu tare da DFC, ya taka leda a 2012 CAF Champions League da Les Astres FC . <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=5 March 2012 |title=Diplomate FC-Bingo: "Pas une surprise" |trans-title=FC-Bingo diplomat: "Not a surprise" |url=https://www.afrik-foot.com/diplomate-fc-bingo-pas-une-surprise |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Afrik-Foot |language=fr-FR |archive-date=12 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612215505/https://www.afrik-foot.com/diplomate-fc-bingo-pas-une-surprise |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya koma Shendi a shekara ta 2013 inda zai taka leda har sau biyu. <ref name="NFT" /> === Kazakhstan === Bayan yanayi da yawa a Afirka, ya fara wasa a tsakiyar Asiya a gasar farko ta Kazakhstan tare da FC Kyzylzhar a 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 February 2015 |title=«Кызыл-Жар СК» подписал игрока сборной ЦАР – Футбол |trans-title="Kyzyl-Zhar SK" signed the player of the national team of the Central African Republic |url=https://www.sports.kz/news/kyizyil-jar-sk-podpisal-igroka-sbornoy-tsar |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Sports.kz |language=ru}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2015 |title=Fauves A : Limane Moussa signe en Europe |url=http://centrafriquefootball.cf/fauves-a-limane-moussa-signe-en-europe/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119090937/http://centrafriquefootball.cf/fauves-a-limane-moussa-signe-en-europe/ |archive-date=19 November 2015 |access-date=18 November 2015 |publisher=Centrafrique Football |language=French}}</ref> Zai rattaba hannu tare da abokan hamayyarsa Caspiy a kakar wasa ta gaba inda ya buga wasanni 20 kuma ya ci kwallaye 4. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2016 |title=Игрок национальной сборной ЦАР надеется остаться в «Каспии» – Футбол |trans-title=CAR national team player hopes to stay in Caspian |url=https://www.sports.kz/news/igrok-natsionalnoy-sbornoy-tsar-nadeetsya-ostatsya-v-kaspii |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Sports.kz |language=ru}}</ref> Har ila yau Limane ya kasance wanda ya karbi kofin Bamara a shekarar 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=29 March 2016 |title=CENTRAFRIQUE: LE TROPHEE BAMARA COURONNE LA VICTOIRE DES FAUVES FACE AU MADAGASCAR |trans-title=CENTRAL AFRICA: THE BAMARA TROPHY CROWNS THE VICTORY OF THE FAUVES AGAINST MADAGASCAR |url=https://corbeaunews-centrafrique.org/centrafrique-le-trophee-bamara-couronne-la-victoire-des-fauves-face-au-madagascar/ |access-date=5 September 2022 |website=Corbeau News Centrafrique ou si b il LPP et actualités en République centrafricaine |language=fr-FR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Biongo |first=François |date=30 March 2016 |title=Quatorze Centrafricains récompensés par la Fondation du trophée Bamara |trans-title=Fourteen Central Africans rewarded by the Bamara Trophy Foundation |url=https://www.acap.cf/Quatorze-Centrafricains-recompenses-par-la-Fondation-du-trophee-Bamara_a6770.html |access-date=5 September 2022 |website=AGENCE CENTRAFRIQUE DE PRESSE "AGENCE DE L'UNITE NATIONALE"- République Centrafricaine, Bangui |language=fr |archive-date=5 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220905153112/https://www.acap.cf/Quatorze-Centrafricains-recompenses-par-la-Fondation-du-trophee-Bamara_a6770.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan kammala kakar wasa ta 2016, yana da gwaji tare da FC Mulhouse amma ya kasa samun kwangila. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2017 |title=FOOTBALL. Le FCM tient tête à Belfort |trans-title=The FCM stands up to Belfort |url=https://www.lalsace.fr/sport/2017/01/25/le-fcm-tient-tete-a-belfort |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=www.lalsace.fr |language=FR-fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2017 |title=Mulhouse : Deux attaquants recalés, un défenseur arrive |trans-title=MULHOUSE: TWO ATTACKERS FAILED, A DEFENDER ARRIVES |url=https://www.foot-national.com/national-2/mulhouse-deux-attaquants-recales-un-defenseur-arrive-563437 |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Foot National |language=fr}}</ref> Sakamakon haka, ya sake sanya hannu tare da Caspiy don kakar 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2017 |title=Мусса Лиман: «Не сменил Казахстан на Францию» – Футбол |trans-title=Moussa Liman: “I didn’t change Kazakhstan for France” |url=https://www.sports.kz/news/mussa-liman-ne-smenil-kazahstan-na-frantsiyu |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Sports.kz |language=ru}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2017 |title=«Каспий» завершил второй УТС |trans-title="Kaspiy" completed the second TCB |url=https://prosports.kz/news/210636 |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Prosports.kz |language=ru}}</ref> A duk tsawon kakar wasan ana ba shi kyautar gwarzon dan wasa a watan Yunin 2017 kuma ya kammala kamfen da kwallaye bakwai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 July 2017 |title=Футболист клуба «Каспий» признан лучшим игроком |trans-title=The football player of the "Kaspiy" club was recognized as the best player |url=https://www.inaktau.kz/news/1723068/futbolist-kluba-kaspij-priznan-lucsim-igrokom |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=inaktau.kz – Сайт города Актау |language=ru}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=23 June 2016 |title=Centrafrique : Le footballeur M. Limane appelle au respect des Droits de l'Homme |trans-title=CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: FOOTBALLER MR. LIMANE CALLS FOR RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS |url=https://lavoixdelacentrafrique.wordpress.com/2016/06/23/centrafrique-le-footballeur-m-limane-appelle-au-respect-des-droits-de-lhomme/ |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=LA VOIX DE CENTRAFRIQUE |language=fr-FR}}</ref> === Kanada === A watan Agusta 2020 ya rattaba hannu kan kulob din Scarborough SC na Kanada. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 August 2020 |title=Centrafrique Foot : Moussa Limane Signe Avec Le Scarborough S.C (Canada) |trans-title=Central African Football: Moussa Limane signs with Scarborough SC (Canada) |url=https://www.beafricainfo.com/centrafrique-foot-moussa-limane-signe-avec-le-scarborough-s-c-canada/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118171535/https://www.beafricainfo.com/centrafrique-foot-moussa-limane-signe-avec-le-scarborough-s-c-canada/ |archive-date=18 January 2021}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Stanchev |first=Stancho |date=13 August 2020 |title=Двойна радост споходи в Канада брежанеца К. Димитров в навечерието на новия футболен сезон |trans-title=Double joy came to Canada's K. Dimitrov from Brezhnev on the eve of the new football season |url=https://struma.bg/%d0%b4%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b9%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82-%d1%81%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%85%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b8-%d0%b2-%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0-%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b0%d0%bd/ |access-date=7 September 2020 |website=Вестник СТРУМА |language=bg-BG |archive-date=7 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200907163830/https://struma.bg/%d0%b4%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b9%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82-%d1%81%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%85%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b8-%d0%b2-%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0-%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b0%d0%bd/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=25 August 2020 |title=Central African Limane Moussa scorer in Canada |url=https://www.newsunlimit.com/central-african-limane-moussa-scorer-in-canada/ |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Unlimited News globally |language=en-US |archive-date=12 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612223536/https://www.newsunlimit.com/central-african-limane-moussa-scorer-in-canada/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A kakar wasansa na farko tare da Scarborough, ya taimaka wajen tabbatar da kambin First Division kuma ya kare a matsayin wanda ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=2020 First Division Stats – Canadian Soccer League |url=http://canadiansoccerleague.ca/2020-first-division-stats/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030011903/http://canadiansoccerleague.ca/2020-first-division-stats/ |archive-date=30 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Stanchev |first=Stancho |date=14 October 2020 |title=К. Димитров-Брежанеца отново спечели редовния сезон на канадската лига |trans-title=K. Dimitrov-Brezhanetsa again won the regular season of the Canadian league |url=https://struma.bg/%d0%ba-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%86%d0%b0-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%be-%d1%81%d0%bf%d0%b5%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b8-%d1%80/ |access-date=26 November 2020 |website=Вестник СТРУМА |language=bg-BG |archive-date=4 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204191139/https://struma.bg/%D0%BA-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B0-%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D1%80/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2020 |title=Centrafrique : Limane Moussa meilleur buteur au Canada |trans-title=Central African Republic: Limane Moussa top scorer in Canada |url=https://oubanguimedias.com/2020/10/22/centrafrique-limane-moussa-meilleur-buteur-au-canada/ |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Oubangui Médias |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ya kuma taimaka wa kungiyar wajen kai wa wasan karshe na CSL Championship da FC Vorkuta amma an doke shi da ci 2–1. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adamson |first=Stan |date=18 October 2020 |title=VORKUTA RALLY FOR CSL CHAMPIONSHIP VICTORY – Canadian Soccer League |url=http://canadiansoccerleague.ca/16643-2/ |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=23 October 2020 |website=Canadian Soccer League |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Rosip |first=Dmitry |date=8 November 2020 |title=Клуб в Канаде назвали в память о жертвах сталинских лагерей. Его создал юрист из России |trans-title=The club in Canada was named in memory of the victims of the Stalinist camps. It was created by a lawyer from Russia |url=https://www.championat.com/football/article-4183611-rossijskij-jurist-sozdal-v-kanade-futbolnyj-klub-vorkuta.html |access-date=26 November 2020 |website=www.championat.com |language=ru}}</ref> Kaka mai zuwa ya taimaka wa Scarborough wajen samun damar shiga gasar bayan kakar wasa ta hanyar kammala na biyu a matsayi. <ref name=":52">{{Cite web |last=Stanchev |first=Stancho |date=12 October 2021 |title=Канадският "Скарбъро" на брежанския мениджър К. Димитров влиза под №2 в битката за титлата |trans-title=The Canadian "Scarborough" of the Brzezany manager K. Dimitrov enters the battle for the title under №2 |url=https://struma.bg/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d1%8f%d1%82-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b1%d1%8a%d1%80%d0%be-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b0%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018221831/https://struma.bg/%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82-%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BE-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8/ |archive-date=18 October 2021 |access-date=2 December 2021 |website=Вестник СТРУМА |language=bg-BG}}</ref> A zagayen farko na gasar, ya ba da gudummawar kwallaye biyu a ragar Serbian White Eagles wanda ya taimaka wa kungiyar ta kai ga wasan karshe na gasar. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Stanchev |first=Stancho |date=4 November 2021 |title=Бивши играчи на "Беласица" и "Литекс" сътвориха голово зрелище в Канада |trans-title=Former Belasitsa and Litex players have created a goal in Canada |url=https://struma.bg/%d0%b1%d0%b8%d0%b2%d1%88%d0%b8-%d0%b8%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%87%d0%b8-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b1%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%86%d0%b0-%d0%b8-%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%81/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105234157/https://struma.bg/%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%88%D0%B8-%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0-%D0%B8-%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81/ |archive-date=5 November 2021 |access-date=2 December 2021 |website=Вестник СТРУМА |language=bg-BG}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 October 2021 |title=Scarborough Outlasts Serbian White Eagles in Semifinal Victory |url=https://canadiansoccerleague.ca/scarborough-outlasts-serbian-white-eagles-in-semi-final-victory/ |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Canadian Soccer League |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya buga wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai da Vorkuta kuma ya yi rajistar kwallaye biyu wadanda suka tabbatar da kambun Scarborough. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Stanchev |first=Stancho |date=11 November 2021 |title=Брежанският мениджър К. Димитров изведе "Скарбъро" до втора титла в Канада |trans-title=Brzezany manager K. Dimitrov leads Scarborough to second title in Canada |url=https://struma.bg/%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b0%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d1%8f%d1%82-%d0%bc%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b4%d0%b6%d1%8a%d1%80-%d0%ba-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%b2%d0%b5/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111235428/https://struma.bg/%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8A%D1%80-%D0%BA-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5/ |archive-date=11 November 2021 |access-date=2 December 2021 |website=Вестник СТРУМА |language=bg-BG}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adamson |first=Stan |date=7 November 2021 |title=SCARBOROUGH CSL CHAMPIONS.......Decisive 4–1 victory over FC Vorkuta |url=https://canadiansoccerleague.ca/scarborough-csl-champions-decisive-4-1-victory-over-fc-vorkuta/ |access-date=8 November 2021 |website=Canadian Soccer League |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kuma taimaka wa Scarborough zuwa wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin ProSound amma Vorkuta ya doke shi a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adamson |first=Stan |date=25 October 2021 |title=Vorkuta Triumphant in ProSound Cup Final |url=https://canadiansoccerleague.ca/vorkuta-triumphant-in-pro-sound-cup-final-penalty-kicks-defeat-scarborough/ |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Canadian Soccer League |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya sake sanya hannu tare da Scarborough don kakar 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=2022 Scarborough SC roster |url=https://canadiansoccerleague.ca/scarborough-sc/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007190110/https://canadiansoccerleague.ca/scarborough-sc/ |archive-date=7 October 2022 |access-date=12 June 2022 |website=Canadian Soccer League |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin yaƙin neman zaɓe na 2022, gefen gabashin Toronto zai cimma nasarar wasanni 18 da ba a ci nasara ba da matsayi na fafatawa ta ƙare na uku. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Stanchev |first=Stancho |date=5 August 2022 |title="Скарбъро" на К. Димитров-Брежанеца с първа загуба от 2 г. насам |trans-title="Scarborough" of K. Dimitrov-Brezhanetsa with the first loss in 2 years |url=https://struma.bg/%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b1%d1%8a%d1%80%d0%be-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%ba-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%86%d0%b0-%d1%81/ |access-date=5 September 2022 |website=Вестник СТРУМА |language=bg-BG |archive-date=5 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220905135152/https://struma.bg/%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BE-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%BA-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B0-%D1%81/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=19 August 2022 |title=К. Димитров-Брежанеца на две стъпки от дубъл на титлата в Канада |trans-title=K. Dimitrov-Brezhanetsa is two steps away from a double title in Canada |url=https://struma.bg/%d0%ba-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%86%d0%b0-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b4%d0%b2%d0%b5-%d1%81%d1%82%d1%8a%d0%bf%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d0%be%d1%82-%d0%b4/ |access-date=22 August 2022 |website=Вестник СТРУМА |language=bg-BG |archive-date=22 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220822192841/https://struma.bg/%D0%BA-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5-%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%82-%D0%B4/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Limane ya buga gasar zakarun Turai na uku, wanda Scarborough ya sha kashi a hannun FC Continental (tsohon FC Vorkuta). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adamson |first=Stan |date=28 August 2022 |title=Continentals Win Championship Squeaker....... |url=https://canadiansoccerleague.ca/continentals-win-championship-squeaker/ |access-date=28 August 2022 |website=Canadian Soccer League |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2023, ya sanya hannu tare da abokan hamayyar gasar Hamilton City . <ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 Hamilton City roster |url=https://canadiansoccerleague.ca/hamilton-city-1-2/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528021522/https://canadiansoccerleague.ca/hamilton-city-1-2/ |archive-date=28 May 2023 |access-date=9 June 2023 |website=Canadian Soccer League |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar a ranar 3 ga Yuni 2023, a karawar da suka yi da Weston United. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adamson |first=Stan |date=4 June 2023 |title=Serbian Eagles on Top Following Ties at Mattamy |url=https://canadiansoccerleague.ca/serbian-eagles-on-top-following-ties-at-mattamy/ |access-date=9 June 2023 |website=Canadian Soccer League |language=en-US}}</ref> Sannan ya taka leda tare da kulob din League1 na Ontario Hamilton United . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moussa Limane 2023 L1O Stats |url=https://www.league1ontario.com/roster_players/65663784 |website=[[League1 Ontario]] |access-date=2024-03-29 |archive-date=2024-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117210126/https://www.league1ontario.com/roster_players/65663784 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Ya buga wasansa na farko na kasa da kasa a Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka a ranar 8 ga Yuni 2013, da [[Tawagar Kwallon kafar Afirka ta Kudu|Afirka ta Kudu]] a wasan neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA 2014 . <ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|access-date=3 December 2016}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/52549.html "Moussa Limane"]. ''National Football Teams''. Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite></ref> A cikin hunturu na 2013, ya wakilci kasarsa a gasar cin kofin CEmac na 2013, gasar da ba ta FIFA ba inda ya rubuta kwallo a ragar Chadi . <ref name="NFT" /> A ranar 24 ga watan Maris din shekarar 2016 ne ya zura kwallo a ragar kasar Madagascar a wasan neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta 2017 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=CAR eye Group B second spot – 2017 Africa Cup of Nations Qualifiers – Madagascar |url=https://africanfootball.com/news/621899/CAR-eye-Group-B-second-spot |access-date=14 June 2022 |website=African Football}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2016 |title=CAR deny Madagascar three points – 2017 Africa Cup of Nations Qualifiers – C.A.R. |url=https://africanfootball.com/news/621374/CAR-deny-Madagascar-three-points |access-date=14 June 2022 |website=African Football}}</ref> Zai sake sake jefa kwallonsa ta biyu ta kasa da kasa a karawarsu da Madagascar a karawar da suka yi a ranar 28 ga Maris 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 March 2016 |title=2017 AFCON qualifiers, Mon 28 March – As it happened – 2017 Africa Cup of Nations Qualifiers – C.A.R. |url=https://africanfootball.com/news/622089/2017-AFCON-qualifiers-Mon-28-March-As-it-happened |access-date=14 June 2022 |website=African Football}}</ref> === Manufar kasa da kasa === Maki da sakamako ne suka jera yawan kwallayen da Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya ta ci a farko. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;" !A'a ! Kwanan wata ! Wuri ! Abokin hamayya ! Ci ! Sakamako ! Gasa |- | 1. | 24 Maris 2016 | Mahamasina Municipal Stadium, [[Antananarivo]], [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] |</img> Madagascar | align="center" | '''1-1''' | align="center" | 1-1 | 2017 cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika |- | 2. | 28 Maris 2016 | Filin wasa na Barthélemy Boganda, [[Bangui]], [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]] |</img> Madagascar | align="center" | '''2-1''' | align="center" | 2–1 | 2017 cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika |- |} == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1992]] sk4llmp76qproqdf5rc69vpmi0xeabo 0 78900 863818 528411 2026-06-22T11:18:49Z Aisha Indo 46229 /* */ 863818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:George Long England Sheffield United 2013.JPG|thumb|Hutun George Long]] '''George Martin Long''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 1993) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Ingila wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na kungiyar Norwich City ta EFL Championship. An haife shi a Sheffield, South Yorkshire, ya kuma zo ne ta hanyar matasa a garinsu Sheffield United kafin ya shiga cikin tawagar farko, kuma ya wakilci Ingila a matakin kasa da shekaru 18. Long a baya ya sami rance a Oxford United, Motherwell da AFC Wimbledon.<ref>"Notification of shirt numbers: Hull City" (PDF). English Football League. p. 35. Retrieved 21 September 2020</ref> == Ayyukan kulob == tun kafin ya fara bugawa Blades wasa a farkon watan Mayu na shekara ta 2011, yayi wasan karshe na kakar 2010-11 da Swansea City a Filin wasa na Liberty, ta hanyar yin hakan ya zama mai tsaron gida mafi ƙanƙanta da ya buga wasan league na Blades a tarihin kulob din a cikin shekaru 17 da kwanaki 183. Long ya kasance memba na tawagar da ta kai wasan karshe na Kofin Matasa na FA a shekara ta 2011, sai kawai ta sha kashi a hannun Manchester United. Bayan wasu wasannin farko an ba shi sabon yarjejeniya na dogon lokaci a watan Fabrairun 2012 don ci gaba da shi a Bramall Lane har zuwa lokacin rani na 2016.<ref>"FIFA U-20 World Cup Turkey 2013 List of Players: England" (PDF). ''FIFA.com''. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 23 June 2013. p. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 June 2013</ref> ya fara was a kakar data gabata matsayin zaɓi na biyu bayan [[Mark Howard (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, an haife shi Satumba 1986)|Mark Howard]] amma, bayan rauni ga Howard a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2012, A lokacin da ya fara wasa a cikin tawagar ya saka kwallo daya kawai a wasanni biyar na league kuma daga baya aka ba shi lambar yabo ta League One 'Mai kunnawa na Watan' na Oktoba, <ref name="Long named Player of the Month">{{cite news |date=18 November 2012 |title=Long named Player of the Month |url=http://www.football-league.co.uk/league1/news/20121116/long-named-player-of-the-month_2293324_2975689 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130328220624/http://www.football-league.co.uk/league1/news/20121116/long-named-player-of-the-month_2293324_2975689 |archive-date=28 March 2013 |access-date=18 November 2012 |publisher=The Football League}}</ref> sannan magoya bayan Blades suka biyo baya 'Mai kunna Watan na Nuwamba 2012. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1993]] [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] pqq987u2diunvbho0bj3nrargqad2gw 0 78905 862997 816493 2026-06-21T13:06:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 862997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Moussa Diaby, 2022-07-31, Saisoneröffnung Bayer 04, Leverkusen (1).jpg|thumb|Moussa Diaby]] [[Fayil:Francia-usa-64.jpg|thumb|Moussa Diaby]] '''Moussa Diaby''' (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1999) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Faransa wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya ko mai kai hari a kulob din Aston Villa na Premier League da tawagar ƙasar Faransa . <ref name="soccerway">{{Cite web |title=M. Diaby |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/moussa-diaby/436589/ |access-date=14 April 2018 |website=Soccerway}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == === Paris Saint-Germain === Diaby samfurin Kwalejin Matasa ce ta Paris Saint- Germain . Ya shiga kulob din lokacin da yake dan shekara 13 kuma ya fara buga wa kungiyar B wasa a shekarar 2017. Diaby ita ce mai karɓar Titi d"Or na 2016 a matsayin mafi kyawun ƙwarewa da ƙwarewa a makarantar Paris Saint-Germain . <ref name="BundesligaInfo">{{Cite web |title=Who is Moussa Diaby: Bayer Leverkusen's NextGen star? |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/moussa-diaby-who-is-the-bayer-leverkusen-and-france-winger-arjen-robben-10640 |access-date=10 June 2020 |website=Bundesliga}}</ref> ==== Kudin ga Crotone ==== An ba da rancen Diaby ga F.C. Crotone don rabi na biyu na kakar Serie A ta 2017-18. <ref name="BundesligaInfo"/> Ya fara wasan farko a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 2018 a wasan Jerin A da Genoa . Ya maye gurbin Marcello Trotta bayan minti 84 a cikin asarar 1-0.<ref name="soccerway2">{{Cite web |title=Genoa vs. Crotone - 14 April 2018 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2018/04/14/italy/serie-a/genoa-cfc/fc-crotone/2539088/ |access-date=14 April 2018 |publisher=soccerway.com}}</ref> Zai wasan farko na Crotone a wasan 1-1 da suka yi da Juventus a ranar 18 ga Afrilu.[1]<ref name="BundesligaInfo" /> ==== Komawa zuwa PSG ==== A ranar 14 ga Satumba 2018, Diaby, wanda ya maye gurbin Lassana Diarra a rabin lokaci, ya zira kwallaye ga PSG a minti na 86 a cikin nasara 4-0 a kan AS Saint-Étienne . <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 September 2018 |title=Teenager Moussa Diaby on target as PSG cruise to 4-0 win over Saint-Etienne |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/ligue-1/2018-2019/teenager-moussa-diaby-on-target-as-psg-cruise-to-4-0-win-over-saint-etienne_sto6932177/story.shtml}}</ref> Diaby ya zama mai digiri na 124 na makarantar kimiyya don nunawa ga babban bangare. Ya ci gaba da buga wasanni 25 na [[2018–19 Paris Saint-Germain F.C. season|2018–19]]_Ligue_1" id="mwNg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2018–19 Ligue 1">Lig 1 a shekarar 2018-19, inda ya zira kwallaye sau hu fafatawa kuma yana taimakawa kowane minti 190 yayin nasarar kare kulob din.<ref name="BundesligaInfo"/> === Bayer Leverkusen === A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2019, an sanar da cewa Diaby zai shiga Bayer Leverkusen ka yarjejeniyar shekaru biyar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2019 |title=Bayer 04 sign French striker Moussa Diaby |url=https://www.bayer04.de/en-us/news/bayer04/bayer-04-sign-french-striker-moussa-diaby |access-date=14 June 2019 |publisher=Bayer 04 Leverkusen}}</ref> Diaby ya zira kwallaye na farko na Bundesliga ga Leverkusen a farkon wasansa na farko a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2019 a gwagwaladawasan 1-1 na kulob din tare da SC Freiburg.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 November 2019 |title=Bayer 04 Leverkusen 1:1 SC Freiburg |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/50530400 |access-date=10 June 2020 |website=BBC}}</ref><ref name="BundesligaInfo"/> Diaby ya zira kwallaye na uku na Leverkusen a lokacin dakatarwa don rufe nasarar da aka samu a kan 1. FC Union Berlin a wasan kusa da na karshe na DFB-Pokal a ranar 4 ga Maris 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 March 2020 |title=Bayer Leverkusen through to DFB Cup semi-finals after fighting back to beat 10-man Union Berlin |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/bayer-leverkusen-union-berlin-dfb-cup-live-line-ups-stats-havertz-alario-bailey-10261 |access-date=10 June 2020 |website=Bundesliga}}</ref> A zagaye na gaba, a ranar 9 ga Yuni 2020, Diaby ya zira kwallaye na farko a nasarar Leverkusen 3-0 a kan kashi na huɗu na 1. 1. FC Saarbrücken don samun wuri a wasan karshe na DFB-Pokal na 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2020 |title=Fourth-tier Saarbrucken's German Cup fairy tale came to an end as they were well beaten by Bayer Leverkusen in an empty stadium in the semi-final. |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/52983588 |access-date=10 June 2020 |website=BBC}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga watan Agustan 2021, ya zira kwallaye a Bundesliga a kan Borussia Mönchengladbach kuma wannan shine burinsa na farko na kakar. Ya sami nasarar zira kwallaye 9 kuma ya ba da taimako 8 a kakar 2022-23.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2023 |title=Transfer Talk: Gunners set sights on dynamic Diaby |url=https://www.livescore.com/en/news/transfer-talk-arsenal-moussa-diaby-premier-league-2023052404510250082/ |website=LiveScore}}</ref> === Aston Villa === A ranar 22 ga watan Yulin 2023, Diaby ya komawa kungiyar Aston Villa ta Premier League don kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, ya ki amincewa da tafiya zuwa Saudi Pro League, wanda aka ruwaito ya zama rikodin kulob din £ 51.9m, ya sake haduwa da tsohon kocin PSG Unai Emery. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2023-07-22 |title=Aston Villa announce Moussa Diaby signing |url=https://www.avfc.co.uk/news/2023/july/22/villa-announce-diaby-signing/ |access-date=2023-07-22 |website=Aston Villa Football Club}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga watan Yulin, Diaby ya zira kwallaye bayan ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin a cikin nasarar 2-0 kafin kakar wasa ta Fulham a gasar Premier League Summer Series a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reis |first=Bruna |date=2023-07-27 |title=£100m Diaby prediction as Tielemans 'incredible' for Villa |url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/aston-villa-receive-100m-moussa-27403751 |access-date=2023-07-27 |website=BirminghamLive |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga watan Agusta, ya zira kwallaye a karon farko na Premier League a wasan da ya yi da Newcastle United 5-1. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 August 2023 |title=Newcastle United 5–1 Aston Villa |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/66413644 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> An ba da lambar yabo ta Premier League Most Powerful Goal, bayan Opta ta lissafa cewa tana tafiya a 109.84km / h a lokacin da ta kai ga burin - da sauri fiye da kowane burin a Premier League a wannan kakar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=21 May 2024 |title=Diaby wins Oracle Most Powerful Goal award |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/4024550 |access-date=2024-05-21 |website=www.premierleague.com |language=en}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == [[Fayil:Francia-usa-63.jpg|left|thumb|270x270px|Diaby yana wasa a Faransa U-20]] Diaby gwagwalada matashi ne na kasa da kasa na Faransa wanda ya wakilci morning kasar a matakan U18, U19, U20, da U21. Ya samar da burin daya da kuma taimakawa uku a gasar zakarun Turai ta U19 ta 2018 ta UEFA, inda ya samu matsayi a cikin tawagar gasar. A lokacin rani mai zuwa, ya zira kwallaye guda kuma ya taimaka wa wasu biyu a wasanni hudu a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA U20 ta shekarar 2019 inda aka kawar da Faransa a zagaye na 16.<ref name="BundesligaInfo"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2019 |title=USA edge France in baking Bydgoszcz thriller |url=https://www.fifa.com/u20worldcup/matches/match/400010610/#match-summary |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517053731/https://www.fifa.com/u20worldcup/matches/match/400010610/#match-summary |archive-date=17 May 2019 |access-date=10 June 2020 |website=FIFA}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga watan Agustan 2021, ya karbi kiransa na farko zuwa babbar tawagar Faransa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 August 2021 |title=La liste des vingt-trois Bleus |url=https://www.fff.fr/article/3280-la-liste-des-vingt-trois-bleus.html |access-date=26 August 2021 |website=fff.fr |archive-date=26 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826124110/https://www.fff.fr/article/3280-la-liste-des-vingt-trois-bleus.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan farko na kasa da kasa a ranar 1 ga Satumba 2021 a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022 da Bosnia da Herzegovina, inda ya maye gurbin [[Kylian Mbappé]] a minti na karshe na wasan. == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haifi Diaby ne a birnin [[Faris|Paris]] a cikin Gwagwalada dangin [[Mali|Malian]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2013 |title=Les "Titis" maliens du PSG: Une mine d'or pour le football malien – Malifootball |url=http://malifootball.com/les-qtitisq-maliens-du-psg-une-mine-dor-pour-le-football-malien/ |publisher= |access-date=3 June 2024 |archive-date=16 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416205800/http://malifootball.com/les-qtitisq-maliens-du-psg-une-mine-dor-pour-le-football-malien/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Moussa DIABY |url=https://www.unfp.org/joueur/moussa-diaby-20766/ |website=unfp.org}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == === Kungiyar === {{Updated|match played 19 May 2024|<ref name="soccerway"/>}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin kasa{{Efn|Includes [[Coupe de France]], [[DFB-Pokal]], [[FA Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Kofin League{{Efn|Includes [[Coupe de la Ligue]], [[EFL Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Turai ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="3" |[[Paris Saint-Germain]] |2017–18 |[[Ligue 1|Lig 1]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2018–19 |Lig 1 |25 |2 |6 |1 |2 |1 |1 [ƙasa-alpha 3]{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Champions League]]}} |0 |0 |0 |34 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !25 !2 !6 !1 !2 !1 !1 !0 !0 !0 !34 !4 |- |Crotone (rashin aro) |2017–18 |Jerin A |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2 |0 |- | rowspan="5" |Bayer Leverkusen |2019–20 |Bundesliga |28 |5 |5 |2 | colspan="2" | - |6[ƙasa-alpha 4]{{Efn|Two appearances in UEFA Champions League, four appearances and one goal in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |1 | colspan="2" | - |39 |8 |- |2020–21 |Bundesliga |32 |4 |3 |2 | colspan="2" | - |8[ƙasa-alpha 5]{{Efn|Appearances in UEFA Europa League}} |4 | colspan="2" | - |43 |10 |- |2021–22 |Bundesliga |32 |13 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - |8[ƙasa-alpha 5][lower-alpha 5] |4 | colspan="2" | - |42 |17 |- |2022–23 |Bundesliga |33 |9 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |14[ƙasa-alpha 6]{{Efn|Six appearances and two goals in UEFA Champions League, eight appearances and three goals in UEFA Europa League}} |5 | colspan="2" | - |48 |14 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !125 !31 !11 !4 ! colspan="2" |- !36 !14 ! colspan="2" |- !172 !49 |- |Aston Villa |2023–24 |[[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]] |38 |6 |3 |1 |1 |0 |12 [ƙasa-alpha 7]{{Efn|Appearance in [[UEFA Europa Conference League]]}} |3 | colspan="2" | - |54 |10 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !190 !39 !20 !6 !3 !1 !48 !17 !0 !0 !262 !63 |} {{Notelist}} === Kasashen Duniya === {{Updated|match played 26 March 2024}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eu-football.info/_player.php?id=31608|title=Moussa Diaby|website=EU-Football.info|access-date=1 September 2021}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanawa da burin ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara !Ƙungiyar ƙasa !Shekara !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="4" |Faransa |2021 |4 |0 |- |2022 |4 |0 |- |2023 |2 |0 |- |2024 |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !11 !0 |} == Daraja == '''Paris Saint-Germain''' * [[Ligue 1|Lig 1]]: 2018-19 <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2019 |title=PSG Champions as Lille held at Toulouse |url=https://www.ligue1.com/ligue1/article/psg-champions-as-lille-held-at-toulouse.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626220236/https://www.ligue1.com/ligue1/article/psg-champions-as-lille-held-at-toulouse.htm |archive-date=26 June 2019 |access-date=21 April 2019 |website=Ligue 1}}</ref> * Kyautar Zakarun Turai: 2018 <ref>{{Cite web |title=PSG thrash Monaco to win French Super Cup as Neymar plays 15 minutes |url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/report?gameId=511012 |access-date=4 August 2018 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> '''Faransa''' * UEFA Nations League: 2020-21 <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2021 |title=France beat Spain to win Nations League |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefanationsleague/match/2030761--spain-vs-france/ |access-date=10 October 2021 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> '''Mutumin da ya fi so''' * Titi na Zinariya: 2016 <ref name="BundesligaInfo"/> * Kungiyar Wasanni ta Turai ta kasa da shekaru 19 ta gasar: 2018 * Kungiyar Bundesliga ta kakar: 2022-23 * Babban burin Premier League: 2023-24 <ref name=":0"/> == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.avfc.co.uk/players/moussadiaby Moussa Diaby] a Aston Villa FC * Moussa DiabyaGasar Firimiya * [https://www.fff.fr/equipe-nationale/joueur/8981-diaby-moussa/fiche.html Bayanan Faransa] a FFF * {{UEFA player}} * Moussa Diabya WorldFootball.net {{Aston Villa F.C. squad}}{{Titi d'Or winners}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] m8b0s6yir1ykt7at6eo97jb9jzl8re9 0 81416 863500 861409 2026-06-21T20:52:51Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1314357404|Hypodermyasis]]" 863500 wikitext text/x-wiki Hypodermyasis kamuwa ne da cuta ta hanyar tsutsotsi na kwari, musamman ''Hypoderma lineatum'' da ''Hypoderma bovis'' . Wadannan kwari galibi suna kamuwa da [[Saniya|shanu]] a yankunan da suka fi zafi a Arewacin Hemisphere. Mutane sun zama masu masauki lokacin da ba da gangan ba suka haɗiye ƙwai na waɗancan kwari.<ref name="wd">{{Cite web |title=Hypodermyasis |url=http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/h/hypodermyasis/intro.htm#whatis |access-date=2009-03-28}}</ref> == Alamomi == Alamomin wannan kamuwa da cuta sun dogara da inda tsutsotsi ke ƙaura zuwa cikin jiki lokacin da aka haɗiye su, duk da haka alamun da aka fi sani da su sune: <ref name="wd" /> * [[Kumburi|Ruwa]] * Alamomin da suka yi kama da na rashin lafiyan[[Allergy|Halin rashin lafiyan]] * Rashin fata * Alamun ido da jijiyoyin jiki. == Magani == Ana yawan magance kamuwa da cuta tare da ivermectin.<ref name="wd">{{Cite web |title=Hypodermyasis |url=http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/h/hypodermyasis/intro.htm#whatis |access-date=2009-03-28}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] n043l7yknuns2lzq07b6hir0f8eh5g1 0 82500 863553 828952 2026-06-21T22:29:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863553 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:NC Courage vs Portland Thorns (Apr 2024) 037 (Payne).jpg|thumb|Nicole Payne]] [[Fayil:NC Courage vs Portland Thorns (Apr 2024) 036.jpg|thumb|Nicole Payne a gefen dama]]   {{Databox}} '''Nicole Oyeyemisi Payne''' (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2001) ƙwararriyar 'ƴar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai [[Mai buga baya|tsaron baya]] a kungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta Ƙaya ta Portland Thorns, a matsayin aro daga kungiyar Première Ligue ta Paris Saint-Germain . An haife ta a Amurka, tana wakiltar [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]] a matakin kasa. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Payne kuma ta girma a [[Alabama]]" id="mwIw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="[[Birmingham]], Alabama">Birmingham, Alabama, ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Oak Mountain a can. == Ayyukan kwaleji == Payne ta halarci Jami'ar [[West Virginia]] a Morgantown, West Virginia na tsawon shekaru uku (3), ta koma Jami'ar Kudancin California a shekara ta huɗu da ta ƙarshe. == Ayyukan kulob din == Payne ya sanya hannu tare da Paris Saint-Germain na Division 1 Féminine na Faransa a watan Yulin shekara ta 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2023 |title=Nicole Payne joins Paris Saint-Germain |url=https://en.psg.fr/teams/womens-team/content/nicole-payne-signs-for-paris-saint-germain-until-2026 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=Paris Saint-Germain}}</ref> Farkon bayyananta (na hudu har zuwa yau ) ga PSG ta zo ne a matsayin mai maye gurbin a cikin nasarar 5-2 a kan Dijon FCO a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba shekara ta 2023, tare da farawar ta na farko a ranar 20 ga Janairun shekara ta 2024 a cikin nasarar 8-1 a kan FC Girondins na Bordeaux.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Nicole Payne loaned out to Portland Thorns FC |url=https://en.psg.fr/teams/womens-team/content/nicole-payne-loaned-out-by-paris-saint-germain-to-portland-thorns-fc-2023-2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=Paris Saint-Germain}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=Nicole Payne Excited To Make Division One Féminine Debut With PSG |url=https://superfalconsshow.com/nicole-payne-excited-to-make-division-one-feminine-debut-with-psg/ |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=Super Falcons Show |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Portland">{{Cite web |last=Portland Thorns FC |date=18 February 2024 |title=Thorns FC acquire defender Nicole Payne on loan from Paris Saint-Germain |url=https://www.timbers.com/thornsfc/news/thorns-fc-acquire-defender-nicole-payne-on-loan-from-paris-saint-germain |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=Portland Thorns FC |language=}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2024 an ba da ita ga Portland Thorns na Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Kasa don kakar 2024. <ref name="Portland"/> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An kira Payne zuwa tawagar kasa da shekaru 17 ta Amurka a shekarar 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=U-17 WNT to Face England Twice in Portland, Oregon - U.S. Soccer |url=http://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2017/08/15/22/17/20170815-news-u17wnt-to-face-england-u17-wnt-twice-in-portland-oregon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018184251/http://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2017/08/15/22/17/20170815-news-u17wnt-to-face-england-u17-wnt-twice-in-portland-oregon |archive-date=18 October 2017}}</ref> Payne ta fara buga wa [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|Najeriya]] wasa a ranar 10 ga watan Yuni shekara ta 2021 a matsayin mai maye gurbin minti na 90 a cikin rashin nasara 0-1 a wasan sada zumunci da Jamaica.<ref name="GSA-Debut">{{Cite web |title=Match Report of Jamaica vs Nigeria – 2021-06-10 – FIFA Friendlies – Women |url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/match/soccer/2021-06-10/jamaica-vs-nigeria/2375811/ |access-date=19 June 2021 |website=Global Sports Archive}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife ta ne a Birmingham, Alabama, ga iyayen Najeriya, Payne ita ce ƙanwar ƴan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa [[Toni Payne]] da Stephen Payne. Ita da Yar'uwarta Toni sun yi wasa tare a cikin tawagar mata ta Najeriya.<ref name="GSA-Debut"/> == Daraja == '''Paris Saint-Germain''' * Kofin Faransa: 2023-24 <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=LE PSG PUISSANCE 4 |url=https://www.fff.fr/article/12448-le-psg-puissance-4.html |access-date=4 May 2024 |language=fr |archive-date=18 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250318025026/https://www.fff.fr/article/12448-le-psg-puissance-4.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2001]] r9god1ummm0a1q0ht341nui99rwcajw 0 84945 863318 530751 2026-06-21T15:59:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Musulmai don Darajar Ci gaba''' ('''MPV''') kungiya ce ta kare hakkin dan adam da Zuriana (Ani) Zonneveld <ref>{{Cite web |title=Battling for gay rights, in Allah's name |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna44993807 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128043550/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna44993807 |archive-date=November 28, 2020 |access-date=2020-11-19 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> da [[Pamela K. Taylor]] suka kafa a cikin shekara ta 2007.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Khaki |first=El-Farouk |date=2007-06-21 |title=For the love of Allah |language=en-us |work=NOW Magazine |url=https://nowtoronto.com/news/for-the-love-of-allah/ |access-date=2018-04-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Huus |first=Kari |date=2011-11-24 |title=Battling for Gay Right's in Allah's Name |language=en-us |work=NBCNews.com |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/44993807/ns/us_news-life/t/battling-gay-rights-allahs-name/#.Xtf9KZ5Ki3I |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130415073713/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/44993807/ns/us_news-life/t/battling-gay-rights-allahs-name#.Xtf9KZ5Ki3I |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 15, 2013 |access-date=2020-06-03}}</ref> Hedikwatar a [[Los Angeles]] California, MPV tana da surori a kusa da Amurka da kuma ofisoshin yanki a [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]], [[Holand|Netherlands]] da sauran ƙasashe daban-daban a ƙarƙashin sunaye daban-daban kamar Universal Muslim Community . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Komuniti Muslim Universal (@kmu_my) • Instagram photos and videos |url=https://www.instagram.com/kmu_my/ |access-date=2023-04-29 |website=www.instagram.com |language=en}}</ref> Har ila yau, yana da cibiyoyin sadarwa daban-daban a [[Bangladesh]], [[Kanada]], [[Faransa]], [[Chile]], [[Jamus]], Netherlands da Australia & a duk faɗin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]]. MPV tana ba da albarkatun ilimi da tauhidi ga [[Musulmi|Musulmai]] tare da ra'ayi [[Liberalism|mai sassaucin ra'ayi]] da ci gaba na Islama. Babban abin da aka mayar da hankali ga aikin MPV shine don motsa tunani mai mahimmanci game da matani masu tsarki, kamar yadda yake da alaƙa da inganta aiwatar da dabi'u masu ci gaba, kamar haƙƙin ɗan adam da daidaiton jinsi, wanda a cewar MPV, dukansu suna da tushe sosai a cikin ka'idodin Islama da Democrat. A mayar da martani ga maganganun duniya na zargi da tsattsauran ra'ayi na Islama, MPV na neman watsar da abin da ya yi imanin cewa ra'ayoyin ƙarya ne game da Musulmai da Islama. Ta hanyar shawarwarin duniya da shirye-shiryen al'umma MPV na neman haskaka Musulmai da wadanda ba Musulmai ba a duniya. A ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2017, a [[Tunisiya]], MPV ta kasance memba mai kafa Alliance of Inclusive Muslims, ƙungiyar kare hakkin dan adam da ta kunshi ƙungiyoyi 14 da ke kewaye da nahiyoyi biyar. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013, [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ta amince da Musulmai don Ingantawa a matsayin memba na Ƙungiyar da ba ta gwamnati ba (NGO). <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Muslims for Progressive Values Secures United Nation's Consultative Status |url=http://www.prlog.org/12298027-muslims-for-progressive-values-secures-united-nations-consultative-status.html |access-date=11 July 2016 |publisher=prlog.org}}</ref> Kwamitin Zartarwa na NGO / DPI yana wakiltar kungiyoyin NGO 1,500 tare da tarurruka na kowane wata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NGO/DPI Executive Committee – The Executive Committee of Non-Governmental Organizations Associated with the United Nations Department of Public Information |url=http://ngodpiexecom.org/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130415121002/http://ngodpiexecom.org/ |archive-date=15 April 2013 |access-date=11 July 2016 |publisher=ngodpiexecom.org}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2018, MPV ta sami matsayin da aka amince da ita na ECOSOC a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Matsayin mai ba da shawara na MPV yana ba da damar fafutukar ta zuwa duniya ta hanyar kalubalantar cin zarafin [[Haƙƙoƙin ɗan'adam|'Yancin ɗan adam]] a cikin sunan dokar Shari'a ta ƙasashe masu rinjaye Musulmi a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a New York ta hanyar Babban Taron Siyasa, da kuma Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a Geneva kan batutuwan haƙƙin mata, [[Hakkokin LGBT ta ƙasa ko yanki|Hakkin LGBT]], [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki]] da' yancin baki da kuma daga addini da imani.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hinch |first=Jim |date=20 April 2014 |title=Muslim group posits harmony with Western values |url=http://www.ocregister.com/articles/muslims-610538-muslim-progressive.html |access-date=11 July 2016 |publisher=ocregister.com}}</ref> MPV tana da kwamitin masu ba da shawara ciki har da malamai da masu fafutuka kamar: Reza Aslan, Amir Hussein, Karima Bennoune, Daayiee Abdullah, Zainah Anwar, Saleemah Abdul-Ghafur, da El-Farouk Khaki.<ref name="squarespace.com">{{Cite web |title=Muslims for Progressive Values : 2015 Press Kit |url=http://static1.squarespace.com/static/55120ecae4b01593abadc441/t/55197b05e4b0d9aaa8c9e6a1/1427733253249/MPVPressKit2015.pdf |access-date=2016-09-15 |website=Static1.squarespace.com |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084254/http://static1.squarespace.com/static/55120ecae4b01593abadc441/t/55197b05e4b0d9aaa8c9e6a1/1427733253249/MPVPressKit2015.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mona Eltahaway kuma tana da alaƙa da motsi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Muslims for Progressive Values To Host Mona Eltahawy As Main Speaker For Reception In Washington DC |url=https://www.prlog.org/11889424-muslims-for-progressive-values-to-host-mona-eltahawy-as-main-speaker-for-reception-in-washington-dc.html |access-date=2020-11-19 |website=PRLog}}</ref> == Manufa da hangen nesa == Manufar Musulmai don Darajar Ci gaba (MPV) ita ce ta ƙunshi kuma ta zama murya mai tasiri na al'adun gargajiya na [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]] na mutuncin ɗan adam, daidaito, tausayi da adalci na zamantakewa. Musulmai don Darajar Ci gaba (MPV) suna kallon Islama a matsayin al'ummar Islama wacce ke kunshe da ka'idoji goma na MPV. Bugu da ƙari, MPV ta yi la'akari da makomar inda ake fahimtar Islama a matsayin tushen mutunci, adalci, tausayi da ƙauna ga dukan bil'adama da duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us - Muslims for Progressive Values |url=http://www.mpvusa.org/about-us/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324125019/http://mpvusa.org/about-us/ |archive-date=2015-03-24 |access-date=2016-07-11}}</ref> == Ka'idojin jagora == MPV tana jagorantar ka'idoji goma waɗanda ke cikin Islama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MPV Principles |url=http://mpvusa.org/mpv-principles/ |access-date=11 July 2016 |publisher=mpvusa.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kaleem |first=Jaweed |date=29 March 2012 |title=Progressive Muslims Launch Gay-Friendly, Women-Led Mosques In Attempt To Reform American Islam |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/29/progressive-muslims-launch-gay-friendly-women-led-mosques_n_1368460.html |access-date=11 July 2016 |publisher=huffingtonpost.com}}</ref> == Shirye-shiryen matakin al'umma == MPV tana gudanar da ayyukan ƙauyuka ta hanyar surorinta na gida a Amurka, wato a [[Atlanta]], [[Columbus]], [[Washington, D.C.|Washington DC]], [[Chicago]], New York, [[San Francisco]] da Los Angeles, da kuma Australia, Kanada, Chile, [[Faransa]], da Malaysia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MPV SF Bay Introduction |url=https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zRnMy3JF0PPgCzyLc44_6tlJhFugRIrXi9h3JqrfI1M/edit?usp=sharing |access-date=2024-04-24}}</ref> Wadannan ayyukan suna inganta manufa da dabi'u na MPV a matakin gida. Ayyukansu sun fada ƙarƙashin waɗannan rukunoni: Fasaha, Ƙaddamar da Bangaskiya, Adalci na Jama'a, da Kamfen na Ilimi.<ref name="squarespace.com"/> === Masallatai na MPV === Babi na MPV suna ba da sararin addu'a mai ci gaba da hadawa a Amurka da Kanada. Dukkanin mambobin al'umma - maza, mata, da membobin LGBTQ - suna yin addu'o'i, suna ba da wa'azi da yin kira ga addu'a, [[Kiran Sallah|adhan]]. Masallatai na MPV 100% ne ke samun kuɗi daga membobin al'umma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MPV USA |url=https://www.mpvusa.org/about |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219002600/http://mpvusa.org/mpv-unity-mosque/ |archive-date=2015-02-19 |access-date=2016-07-11}}</ref> * Ana zaune a 5998 W Pico Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90035-2657 kuma membobin na iya halarta kusan. Adhan, addu'a da [[Huɗuba|khutbah]] na iya jagorancin namiji ko mace, kuma masu taruwa suna shiga tare. Kowane mutum maza da mata na iya zaɓar tsayawa / zama a gefe ɗaya ko ɗayan idan sun fi so. === Shirin #ImamsForShe === MPV ta kaddamar da wani shiri na duniya a watan Maris na shekara ta 2015 don magance fassarorin misogynist na nassi da al'adun Islama waɗanda suka haifar da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam da aka yi a cikin sunan Islama akan mata da 'yan mata da kuma matsayin mata a duk ƙasashen da suka fi yawan Musulmai da kuma cikin al'ummomin Musulmai a Yamma. Manufar shirin ita ce ta tallafawa da samar da hadin kai ga [[Liman|Imamai]], shugabannin Musulmai da [[Ulama'u|Masanan Islama]] waɗanda ke ba da shawara sosai ga haƙƙin mata, don karfafawa da daidaiton jinsi, da kuma nuna rashin amincewar mata da sunan Islama. === MPV nikah / sabis na jami'a === MPV tana ba da sabis na [[Nikah|Nikhhi]] / jami'a ga kowa, gami da ma'aurata masu jinsi ɗaya da addinai. === MPV khutbahs === MPV tana ba da ''khutbahs'' (alamu). Suna da tsari mai budewa don wa'azi (''khutbahs''). Kowa zai iya bayar da wa'azin su ko dai a rubuce ko kuma a cikin mutum. === Kamfen na ilimi === MPV tana kirkirar takamaiman abun ciki na [[Ijitihadi|ijtihad]] mai ci gaba wanda aka yi niyya ga matasa. Ana rarraba abubuwan da ke ciki ta hanyar kafofin sada zumunta, forums, laccoci, [[YouTube]], kwasfan fayiloli, kiɗa, bukukuwan zane-zane da sauran motocin sadarwa da matasa ke amfani da su. Kungiyar tana raba kayan ilimi kuma tana wayar da kan jama'a ta hanyar tarurruka, jami'o'i da tarurruka. === Adalci na zamantakewa === MPV ta shiga cikin ƙungiyoyin adalci na zamantakewa da abubuwan da suka faru kamar [[Ranar mata ta duniya|Ranar Mata ta Duniya]], Ranar 'Yancin Dan Adam, da bukukuwan alfahari. MVP tana gina kawance da haɗin gwiwa da kungiyoyin Amurka, kamar Sauti Yetu da sauran kungiyoyi, a kan batutuwan cikin gida na Yankewar Mata / Yankewa, auren yaro / tilasta, da [[Haƙƙin haifuwa|Hakkin haihuwa na mata]]. MPV tana ba da shawara sosai don manyan canje-canje kan batutuwan daidaito tsakanin jinsi, haƙƙin LGBTQ +, 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki. da kuma 'yanci na imani a cikin al'ummomin Musulmai na Amurka. === Shirye-shiryen da suka danganci bangaskiya === MPV tana tallafawa Masallatai na Unity a cikin ayyukan addininsu, kamar hidimar addu'a ta [[Sallar Idi ƙarama|Eid]] da nazarin Alkur'ani. MPV tana gudanar da aure, gami da auren addinai da auren Musulunci na jinsi ɗaya. MPV tana shiga da haɗin gwiwa tare da malaman Islama wajen yada sauti mai ci gaba na Kur'ani wanda ya dogara da rubutun Kur'ani na gargajiya. === Ayyuka === MPV tana kirkirar takamaiman abun ciki na ijtihad mai ci gaba wanda aka yi niyya ga matasa. Ana rarraba wannan abun ciki ta hanyar kafofin sada zumunta, forums, laccoci, YouTube, kiɗa, bukukuwan zane-zane da sauran motocin sadarwa da matasa ke amfani da su, don haka ta hanyar wucewa da cibiyoyin addini da siyasa. MPV tana tallafawa da kuma karɓar bakuncin jerin laccoci, ayyukan bangaskiya / addinai, zane-zane, kiɗa da abubuwan wasan kwaikwayo waɗanda ke inganta maganganun Islama. MPV tana haɓaka cikakkun kafofin watsa labarai da kamfen ɗin alaƙar jama'a wanda ya haɗa da amfani da dabarun fitar da manema labarai, kafofin sada zumunta, kafofin watsa labarai masu samu, da maganganun al'adu. == Shirye-shiryen bayar da shawarwari na duniya == A matakin duniya, MPV tana gudanar da ayyukan da aka tsara don ba da shawara game da cin zarafin bil'adama da aka yi da sunan Islama a cikin jihohin da suka fi yawan Musulmai. kungiyar musamman tana sa ido kan batutuwan kare hakkin dan adam a kasashe masu rinjaye Musulmi da suka shafi kare hakkin mata, kare hakkin LGBTQI, 'yancin addini da' yancin faɗar albarkacin baki. Ayyukansu na bayar da shawarwari a duniya sun fada ƙarƙashin waɗannan rukunoni: Kamfen na Ilimi, Bincike, bayar da shawarwarin da kuma fitarwa. <ref name="squarespace.com"/> === Yaƙin neman zaɓe === MPV tana samarwa, fassara, da rarraba kayan ilimi da ke magance mahimman wuraren damuwa, kamar su infographics, abubuwan kafofin sada zumunta, gajerun bidiyo. MPV tana yawo da fassara rahotanni na inuwa, taƙaitaccen manufofi, da maganganu. === Bincike === MPV tana samar da maganganu, taƙaitaccen manufofi da rahotanni na inuwa da za a raba tare da wakilan ƙasar, masu tsara manufofi, jama'a da masu sauraro. MPV tana sa ido kan batutuwan kare hakkin dan adam a kasashe masu rinjaye Musulmi. MPV tana tattara bayanai game da batutuwan kare hakkin dan adam a kasashe masu rinjaye Musulmi. === Abubuwan da suka faru === MPV tana shiga cikin muhawara, tattaunawa ta mu'amala, tattaunawar kwamitin da tarurruka na al'ada tare da kasashe membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, shugabannin jama'a da kungiyoyin addini da wadanda ba na gwamnati ba.MPV tana shirya da halartar abubuwan da suka faru a layi daya da kuma karbar bakuncin masu magana, gami da malamai a cikin Islama, shugabannin addinai masu ci gaba da shugabannin jama'a, don raba ƙwarewarsu da asusun farko game da batutuwan haƙƙin ɗan adam ga masu sauraro na duniya. === Gudanarwa da fadakarwa === MPV tana raba manufofin su, hangen nesa da ka'idojin jagora tare da mata da masu ba da shawara kan haƙƙin ɗan adam na LGBTQ +, masu ba da shawarar 'yan tsiraru na addini, Kasashen membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kungiyoyin kare hakkin ɗan adam da membobin kwamitocin kare haƙƙin ɗanɗano na Majalisar Dinkinobho don dalilai na kawance, hadin kai, da haɗin gwiwa MPV tana inganta ra'ayoyin da aka samo daga aikinsu da bincike ga Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan 'Yancin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (OHCHR), hukumomin yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkinobho da hanyoyin musamman, da kuma kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na kasa da kasa, na yanki, da na kasa da ke da hannu a cikin bayar da shawarwari na kasa. == MPV a cikin labarai == MPV an rufe shi sosai a Amurka da kafofin watsa labarai na duniya da Musulmi kamar BBC, TIME Magazine, Al-Jazeera, Rasha A Yau, [[Los Angeles Times]], OpenDemocracy, [[CNN]], The New York Times, da HuffPost. Kafofin yada labarai sun ce: * "[https://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2019/10/57932/ Musulmai na Amurka suna kalubalantar Transgenderism- da juna]," Magana ta Jama'a, Oktoba 2019. * "Shin kungiyoyin Musulmai sun yaudare don tallafawa takardar neman izinin LGBTQ a Kotun Koli ta Amurka?", Muslim Matters, Yuli 2019. * "Yadda Progressive Left ke so ya canza Islama a Amurka," Muslim Matters, Satumba 2017. * "Breaking The Mould," BBC World Service, Yuli 2015. * "Un-Islamic to Criminate Homosexuality - Muslim Group with Malaysian Links," ''Malay Mail Online'', Yuni 2015. * "#ImamsForShe Launched," ''VoicesOfNY.org'', Afrilu 2015. * "Open Letter to Saudi King Salman," ''AlJazeera.com'', Fabrairu 2015. * "Me ya sa Cibiyoyin Addini Masu Ci gaba ke tallafawa Musulmai masu ra'ayin mazan jiya? Sashe na 1," ''Huffington Post'', Afrilu 2014. * "Sabon Renaissance Musulmi yana nan," TIME, Afrilu 2014. * "A Lesbian Muslim Unveiled - Motsawa gaba tare da Musulmai don Ingantawa," SheWired.com, Janairu 2013. * "Musulmai masu ci gaba sun kaddamar da Gay-Friendly, Masallatai da Mata ke jagoranta A Yunkurin Gyara Musulunci na Amurka, " ''Huffington Post'', Maris 2012. == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == MPV ta sami karbuwa a duniya saboda aikin da ta yi da kuma saƙonsa mara kyau.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Muslims for Progressive Values nonprofit in Los Angeles, CA - Volunteer, Read Reviews, Donate - GreatNonprofits |url=http://greatnonprofits.org/reviews/muslims-for-progressive-values?badge=1 |access-date=11 July 2016 |publisher=[[GreatNonprofits|greatnonprofits.org]] |archive-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218041355/http://greatnonprofits.org/reviews/muslims-for-progressive-values?badge=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekara ta 2006, American Society for Muslim Advancement mai suna Ani Zonneveld "Shugaban Musulmi na Gobe".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Making Progress - IMOW Muslima |url=http://muslima.imow.org/content/making-progress |access-date=11 July 2016 |publisher=imow.org }}{{Dead link|date=October 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An san shi a matsayin ƙungiya mai ci gaba ta duniya, MPV ta sami matsayin mai ba da shawara a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013.<ref name="auto"/> A cikin 2014, an ba da kyautar MPV saboda gwagwarmayarta don haƙƙin LGBTQ + ta hanyar The Inner Circle, Afirka ta Kudu. A cikin 2014, Ani Zonneveld ta sami amincewar mujallar LGBTQ+ da shafin yanar gizon Advocate.com a matsayin jagora na addini wanda ke ba da bege ga mutane LGBTQ+.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2014 |title=The Religious People Who Give Us Hope for Religion |url=http://www.advocate.com/year-review/2014/12/24/religious-people-who-give-us-hope-religion |access-date=11 July 2016 |website=[[The Advocate (LGBT magazine)|The Advocate]]}}</ref> An sanya wa Ani Zonneveld suna a matsayin daya daga cikin mata Musulmai 100 na duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Ani Zonneveld |url=http://www.wisemuslimwomen.org/muslimwomen/bio/ani_zonneveld/ |access-date=2016-09-15 |publisher=WISE Muslim Women |archive-date=2016-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821180854/http://www.wisemuslimwomen.org/muslimwomen/bio/ani_zonneveld/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rikici da zargi == An zargi Musulmai don Ingantawa da cin zarafin dabi'un Musulunci a cikin wata kasida ta Yulin 2019 ta lauyan Kudancin California Ahmed Shaikh. A cikin Muslim Matters, wata mujallar kan layi da ke mai da hankali kan batutuwan Musulmai na Yamma, Ahmed Shaikh ya rubuta, "Ga kowane kungiya Musulmi da aka sadaukar da ita ga Islama, ba yanke shawara ba ce mai wahala a fitar da wata kungiya da aka sada zumunta a bayyane don yada haram [wanda dokar Islama ta haramta]. A cikin Yulin 2017, Ahmed Shaikh ta bayyana cewa a watan Yulin 2017, "Musulmai don ƙimar Ci gaba (MPV), an fitar da ita daga haramtacciyar haramtacciya ta Arewacin Amurka ta haramtacciyanci haramtacciyoyin Musulmi ne".<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Shaikh |first=Ahmed |date=2019-07-31 |title=Were Muslim Groups Duped Into Supporting an LGBTQ Rights Petition at the US Supreme Court? |url=https://muslimmatters.org/2019/07/31/were-muslim-groups-duped-into-supporting-an-lgbtq-rights-petition-at-the-us-supreme-court/ |access-date=2020-11-26 |website=MuslimMatters.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Perelman |first=Marc |date=September 5, 2007 |title=Top Reform Rabbi Gives Watershed Address to Largest U.S. Muslim Group |url=https://forward.com/news/11554/top-reform-rabbi-gives-watershed-address-to-larges-00439/ |access-date=2020-11-26 |website=The Forward |language=en-US}}</ref> Shaikh ta ci gaba da cewa "Zai zama sadaka har zuwa batun zamba don nuna MPV a matsayin kungiyar musulmi" kuma ya ci gaba da ƙaddamar da da'awar cewa MPV ta yi amfani da ayyukan lauya don yaudarar ƙungiyar musulmi mara ƙwarewa don sanya hannu a kan Amicus Brief wanda ba ta yarda da shi ba.<ref name=":1"/> A cikin labarinsu na 2023 game da muhawara ta Musulmi ''amicus curiae'' a Kotun Koli ta Amurka, Bajwa da Miller sun lura cewa Musulmai don Ƙididdigar Ci gaba da sauran kungiyoyin Musulmai masu ci gaba kamar Muslim Advocates suna haɗawa da bukatun Musulmai na Amurka da na kungiyoyin 'yan tsiraru gabaɗaya, suna gaskata cewa wajibi ne ga Musulmai su goyi aure na jinsi ɗaya da kuma fadada asalin jinsi daga tsangwama. Musulmai na Amurka waɗanda ke adawa da irin waɗannan ra'ayoyin kuma waɗanda ba su yarda da ka'idojin jima'i, jinsi, da aure ba suna jaddada nassi na Islama da koyarwar addini yayin da suke gabatar da amicus briefs: "Musulmai masu ka'ida ba sa kallon al'ummar Islama a matsayin masu haɗuwa da ƙungiyar 'yan tsiraru da aka ware, kuma Musulmai masu ka-tsaren koyarwa suna ba da haƙƙin siyasa da shari'a ta hanyar wannan tsarin. Ga su, ba za a iya rage rukunin Musulmai zuwa asalin 'yan tsirarun addinin' yan tsiraru na duniya ba ne wanda ya haɗa da sauran abubuwan da suka dace da sauran addinin duniya a yau.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bajwa |first=Kamran S. |last2=Miller |first2=Samuel E. |date=May 2023 |title=Liberalism versus Liberalism: An Analysis of Muslim-American Amicus Curiae Arguments Concerning Complicity-Based Conscience Claims |journal=Journal of Law and Religion |language=en |volume=38 |issue=2 |pages=224–248 |doi=10.1017/jlr.2023.12 |issn=0748-0814 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ==Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.mpvusa.org/ MPV Amurka] * [http://kmumalaysia.org// MPV Malaysia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420130828/http://kmumalaysia.org/ |date=2024-04-20 }} * [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zRnMy3JF0PPgCzyLc44_6tlJhFugRIrXi9h3JqrfI1M/edit?usp=sharing Babi na San Francisco Bay] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] c5l0b1levmev475l46cluhzuokhbh1x 0 85904 863120 641501 2026-06-21T14:00:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Muḥammad Fu'ād ʿAbd al-Baqī''' (Mit Helfa, Qalyub, 1882 - [[Kairo|Alkahira]], 1968) masanin addinin Musulunci ne na Masar, mawaki kuma mai fassara daga Faransanci da Ingilishi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.almoajam.org/poet_details.php?id=6753 |title=Reference page in an Egyptian poetry site. |access-date=2024-10-08 |archive-date=2018-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180514141914/http://www.almoajam.org/poet_details.php?id=6753 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya rubuta kuma ya tattara littattafai da yawa da suka shafi [[Alqur'ani mai girma|Alkur'ani]] da [[sunnah]], gami da alamun da ke ba mai karatu damar shiga [[Hadisi|hadith]] na annabin Musulunci [[Muhammad|Muhammadu]].<ref name=is>{{Cite web |url=http://en.islamstory.com/death-of-mohamed-fuad-abdul-baqi.html |title=Death of Mohamed Fuad Abdul-Baqi |access-date=2024-10-08 |archive-date=2012-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325061604/http://en.islamstory.com/death-of-mohamed-fuad-abdul-baqi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A matsayinsa na edita, littafinsa na 1955 na Alkahira ya ba da dai-daitattun rarrabuwa na rubutun [[Hadisi|hadith]] na Larabci a cikin Sahih Muslim . An sake buga aikin sau da yawa.<ref>''Hadith and the Quran'', [[Encyclopedia of the Quran]], [[EJ Brill|Brill]]</ref> Hakazalika littafinsa na 1952-53 a cikin kundi 2 ya ba da ma'auni ga [[Sunan ibn Majah]] . == Littattafai == Ayyukansa sun hada da: <ref name=is/> # ''Al-Muʿjam al-Mufahras li-Alfāẓ al-Qur'ān al-Karīm'', cikakkiyar yarjejeniya ta Alkur'ani. # ''Jamīʿa Masaned Saheeh Al-Bukhari'', Hadisi na Bukhārī. # ''Miftāḥ Kunūz al-Sunnah'', 1934, fassarar Larabci daga Turanci na ARENT JAN WENSINCK's "Handbook of Early Muhammadan Tradition" (Leiden, 1927). # ''Al-Lu'lu wa-al-Marjān'', tarin ahadith daga ''Sahih Al-Bukhari'' da Sahih Muslim . # Fassarar ''Al-Muʿjam al-Mufahras'' a cikin ƙamus na Hadith . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1968]] 19xsko7u29zbbybe39v73efkc1dceyt 0 88702 863652 664068 2026-06-22T06:08:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Orlando Manuel Cepeda Pennes''' (sha’bakwai ga watan Satumba 17, shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da talatin da bakwai 1937 - Yuni 28, 2024), wanda ake yi wa lakabi da "Babi Bull" da "Peruchin", ya kasance dan wasan Puerto Rican na farko a Major League Baseball wanda ya taka leda a kungiyoyi shida. daga shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da hamsin da takwas 1958 zuwa shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da saba’in da hudu 1974, da farko San Francisco Giants.All-Star na lokaci 11, Cepeda ya kasance ɗayan mafi daidaiton masu bugun ƙarfi a cikin National League (NL) har zuwa 1960s kuma an shigar da shi cikin Zauren Wasan Kwallon kafa a cikin 1999. Da yake shiga tare da Giants a farkon kakar su bayan ya koma San Francisco, an nada shi NL Rookie na Shekara ta kuri'a gaba ɗaya a 1958.Kowace shekara daga 1958 zuwa 1963, yana cikin shugabannin gasar a cikin batting, gudu gida, RBIs, slugging kashi, da jimillar tushe.A cikin 1959, ya zama ɗan wasan Puerto Rican na farko da ya fara wasan All-Star Game, kuma a cikin 1961 ya kasance na biyu a zaɓen dan wasan NL Mafi Daraja (MVP) bayan ya jagoranci gasar tare da gudu 46 na gida da 142 RBIs, wanda ya kasance rikodin kulob na masu bugun hannun dama.A cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, Ƙungiyoyin sun yi ƙoƙari su dace da Cepeda da abokin wasan Willie McCovey, kuma na farko na 'yan wasan kasa, a cikin jerin sunayensu, ba tare da nasara ba suna ƙoƙarin matsawa kowannensu zuwa filin hagu a wurare daban-daban. Bayan raunin gwiwa da ya dade ya tilasta Cepeda ta rasa mafi yawan lokutan 1965, ta iyakance shi zuwa buga ayyuka, an yi cinikinsa a watan Mayu 1966 zuwa Cardinal St. Louis, yana dawowa don kammala shekara tare da matsakaicin .301.A cikin 1967, Cepeda a cikin taimakon ƙungiyar zuwa ga NL pennant, ya lashe lambar yabo ta MVP ta kuri'a gaba ɗaya. Wani ciniki ya kawo shi Atlanta Braves, kuma ya taimaka wa waccan ƙungiyar ta lashe taken NL West na farko a 1969. Da wasansa yana ƙara iyakancewa da matsalolin gwiwa, an yi ciniki da shi zuwa Gasar Amurka jim kaɗan kafin ɗaukar ɗan wasan da aka zaɓa, kuma ya sami lambar yabo ta farko da aka zana Hitter tare da Boston Red Sox a 1973 kafin aikinsa ya ƙare a shekara mai zuwa. Cepeda yayi gwagwarmaya a rayuwarsa ta sirri bayan ƙarshen aikinsa. Bayan kama shi a 1975 saboda safarar marijuana daga Colombia zuwa Puerto Rico, ya yi watanni goma a kurkuku kuma ya ga an lalata masa suna a tsibirinsa. Bayan canje-canje a rayuwarsa na sirri, duk da haka, ya gyara hotonsa bayan da Ƙungiyoyin Giants suka yi masa kwangila a 1987 don yin aiki a matsayin jakadan leken asiri da fatan alheri, ya fara ayyukan jin kai shekaru da yawa. ==Rayuwa== An haifi Cepeda a Ponce, Puerto Rico, ga Pedro Aníbal Cepeda (1905/6-1955) da Carmen Pennes. Iyalin sun kasance matalauta, kuma suna zaune a cikin gidajen katako ba tare da tarho ko firiji ba.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 5</ref>Mahaifinsa ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando ne a Puerto Rico, inda aka san shi da "Perucho" da "Bull", kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun ƴan wasan zamaninsa.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 3</ref>Don haka an san Orlando da "Bijimin Jariri". Cepeda ya ga mahaifinsa yana buga wasan baseball a karon farko a cikin 1946, kuma nan take yana sha'awar wasan.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 10</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1078556/index.htm |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-12-08 |archive-date=2013-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105175704/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1078556/index.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Domin shi baƙar fata ne kuma yawancin aikinsa an buga shi kafin Jackie Robinson ya karya layin launi na ƙwallon baseball a 1947, Perucho Cepeda ba zai iya taka leda a manyan gasa ba. 'Yan wasa da yawa daga wasannin Negro sun ziyarci gidansu, wanda ya rinjayi ra'ayin Orlando game da wasanni.<ref>https://www.mlb.com/news/hall-of-famer-orlando-cepeda-s-impact-on-mlb</ref>Ya zama mai son Minnie Miñoso.<ref>https://www.mlb.com/news/orlando-cepeda-minnie-minoso-a-pacesetter-for-latin-american-ballplayers/c-110845438</ref> Lokacin da yake da shekaru 10, Cepeda ya fara sayar da jaridu don shiga gasar wasan ƙwallon kwando da aka shirya don ƴan takarda.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 14</ref> Gwajinsa na farko ya zo bayan shekaru uku. Ya yi atisaye tare da kungiyar na tsawon watanni uku amma bai yi ba. Daga nan ne Cepeda ya fara buga kwallon kwando, amma sai ya yaga guringuntsi a gwiwarsa aka yi masa tiyata. Raunin ya sa ya yi aiki kusan shekara guda, kuma likitan ya ba da shawarar cewa ya guji yin wasan ƙwallon kwando.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 15</ref>Ya sake fara wasan ƙwallon kwando, yana lura da cewa ƙarfin jikinsa ya inganta sosai cikin shekaru biyu. Wata rana, wani ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando mai son ya gan shi yana wasa sai ya ɗauke shi ya yi wasa da ƙungiyarsa. Kungiyar ta lashe gasar zakarun dan wasan Puerto Rico kuma ta ci gaba da buga wasa da kungiyar All-Star daga Jamhuriyar Dominican. Pedro Zorilla, wanda a lokacin mai kungiyar Santurce Crabbers, ya halarci wasan ne domin lekawa wani dan wasa, amma bayan ya ga wasan Cepeda, sai ya fara sha’awar sa. A cikin 1953, Zorilla ya kawo shi cikin ƙungiyar don yin aiki a matsayin ɗan wasa. Bayan ritaya, Pedro Cepeda ya yi aiki da gwamnati, yana duba ruwan koguna a cikin gundumar. Ya kamu da cutar zazzabin cizon sauro, wanda a karshe ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwarsa yana da shekaru 49.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 5</ref> Wannan rashin lafiya ya kara tsananta yanayin rayuwar iyali. Sun ƙaura daga Guayama zuwa Juncos, inda yanayin kuɗin su ya tabarbare. Sun sake ƙaura, wannan lokacin zuwa San Juan, inda mahaifiyarsa ta yi ayyuka marasa kyau don tallafawa dangi.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 6</ref> Bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, babu isasshen kudin shiga a gidan don biyan kuɗin Orlando don halartar kwaleji.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 7-8</ref> ==Sana'a== ===Ƙananan wasanni=== A cikin 1955, Zorilla ya rinjayi dangin Cepeda su sayi tikitin jirgin sama domin ya shiga cikin gwajin Giants na New York.Bayan ya wuce gwajin gwajin, Giants ya sanya shi zuwa Sandersville, ƙungiyar Class D.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 23</ref>An koma Cepeda daga baya zuwa ga Salem Rebels, amma ya sami matsala wajen daidaitawa saboda ba ya jin Turanci.Ya kuma fuskanci wariya saboda wariyar launin fata a karkashin dokokin Jim Crow.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 25</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wannan motsi, Zorilla ya kira ya sanar da shi cewa mahaifinsa na cikin mawuyacin hali. Pedro Cepeda ya mutu bayan 'yan kwanaki; Orlando ya biya kudin binnewa ya koma Salem. Ya kuma fuskanci wariya saboda wariyar launin fata a karkashin dokokin Jim Crow. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wannan motsi, Zorilla ya kira ya sanar da shi cewa mahaifinsa na cikin mawuyacin hali. Pedro Cepeda ya mutu bayan 'yan kwanaki; Orlando ya biya kudin binnewa ya koma Salem. Ya yi baƙin ciki, wanda ya shafi aikinsa.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 27</ref> Ya so ya daina ya koma Puerto Rico, amma Zorilla ya rinjaye shi ya buga wa Kokomo Giants, ƙungiya a cikin Mississippi – Ohio Valley League. Walt Dixon, manajan kungiyar, ya sanya shi buga wasa na uku. Cepeda batted a cikin tsaftataccen wuri, yana ƙarewa tare da matsakaicin .393, buga 21 gida yana gudana tare da 91 RBIs.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 28-29</ref> Jim Tobin, wanda ya mallaki kwantiraginsa, ya lura da yuwuwar sa kuma ya sayar da haƙƙin ɗan wasansa ga Kattai. Bayan ziyarar Puerto Rico, Cepeda ya koma New York kafin a aika shi don yin wasa tare da St. Cloud Rox a cikin Class C. Ƙungiyar ta sake sanya shi don buga wasan farko. Cepeda ya dace da canjin da sauri. A waccan shekarar, ya ci nasarar Arewacin League Triple Crown, yana gamawa da matsakaicin .355 tare da 112 RBIs da 26 na gida.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 28-29</ref> Jack Schwarz ya daukaka shi zuwa Class B, yanke shawara da ya nuna rashin amincewa, yana lura da cewa ana aika 'yan wasan da suka fi muni aiki zuwa Double A. Bayan wani lokaci mai kyau a cikin Class B, Cepeda ya buga wa Crabbers a cikin Puerto Rican Professional Baseball League (LBPPR) a lokacin hunturu, yana ƙarewa tare da matsakaicin batting na .310, 11 gida gudu, da 40 RBIs. Daga nan ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar Class A tare da Giants na Springfield, yana karban shi bisa sharadin a ba shi damar yin wasa da Millers na Minneapolis a horon bazara. Cepeda ya fara farawa a hankali, amma aikinsa ya inganta yayin da kakar wasa ta ci gaba, kuma kungiyar ta rike shi a jerin sunayensu. Bayan kammala kakar 1957 tare da Millers, ya koma Puerto Rico kuma ya taka leda a LBPPR. Yayin da yake wasa da Santurce, manaja Bill Rigney, mai kungiyar Horace Stoneham da Tom Sheehan sun leko shi a madadin Kattai, wadanda suka tashi daga New York zuwa San Francisco. An gayyace shi zuwa horon bazara na ƙungiyar tare da sauran masu sa ido, ciki har da Felipe Alou da Willie Kirkland. ===San Francisco Giants (1958-1966)=== San Francisco Giants ne suka kira Cepeda a cikin 1958. Gidan sa na 13 yana gudana har zuwa 31 ga Mayu a waccan shekarar ya sanya shi cikin kunnen doki tare da Joc Pederson (2015) na biyu-mafi yawan ta National League rookie har zuwa karshen watan Mayu a tarihin wasan kwallon kwando, wanda Albert Pujols ya wuce kawai (16, a 2001).<ref>http://www.latimes.com/sports/dodgers/la-sp-dodgers-cardinals-box-20150601-story.html</ref><ref>Dodgers Dugout: Split decision". Los Angeles Times. June 1, 2015. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2015.</ref> Ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiraginsa na farko na babban gasar mintuna goma kafin ya fara halarta a gasar, inda ya samu $7,000 na kakar wasa.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 43</ref> A San Francisco, ƙungiyar ta sami kulawar kafofin watsa labarai masu mahimmanci. Sakamakon rawar da ya taka, kungiyar ta kara albashinsa zuwa dala 9,500 a watan Yuni.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 50</ref> A lokacin kakar wasa, Cepeda ta zauna tare da Rubén Gómez, amma ta daina yin hakan bayan an samu tashin hankali a tsakaninsu. Matsakaicinsa ya tsaya tsayin daka a duk lokacin kakar, bai taɓa faɗuwa ƙasa da .305 ba, wanda shine matsakaicin sa a cikin Satumba.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 53</ref> Giants sun jagoranci tseren tseren na tsawon wata guda, amma rikodin su a watan Agusta da Satumba ya kasance ƙasa da .500, kuma sun ƙare a matsayi na uku tare da rikodin 80-74, wasanni hudu a bayan Pittsburgh Pirates da goma sha biyu a bayan Milwaukee Braves, wanda sun yi nasara a karo na biyu a jere. A cikin farkon kakarsa, Cepeda ya yi wasa .312 tare da gudu na gida 25, 96 RBIs, da 38 mai jagorancin gasar. Cepeda da abokin wasan Willie Mays su ne kawai 'yan wasan NL da suka gama kakar wasa a cikin jagorori a cikin hits, gudu na gida, RBIs, matsakaicin batting, da aka zira kwallaye, da wuraren sata.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 57</ref> An zabe shi gaba daya NL Rookie na Year, ya zama dan wasa na biyu, bayan Frank Robinson a 1956, don samun kuri'a gaba daya. An kuma zaɓe shi Mafi Ƙarfin Ƙarya a cikin wani ƙuri'ar jin ra'ayin jama'a da San Francisco Examiner ya gudanar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230510215033/https://www.sfchronicle.com/giants/article/Giants-great-Orlando-Cepeda-denies-having-15370004.php</ref> A ranar 28 ga Satumba, 1958, littafin ya gabatar masa da takarda don amincewa da zaɓin. Bayan kammala kakar wasa, Cepeda ya yi amfani da albashinsa ya saya wa mahaifiyarsa sabon gida. A waccan shekarar ya lashe kambun batting na LBPPR tare da matsakaita na .362, yayin da Santurce ya lashe kofin gasar.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 61</ref> Giants sun ba shi kwangilar dala 12,000, wanda ya ki yarda, yana neman dala 20,000. Bayan tattaunawar, bangarorin sun daidaita akan $ 17,000. A cikin 1959, Cepeda ya ba da rahoton horon bazara tare da ƙarin kwarin gwiwa fiye da shekarar da ta gabata. Ya buɗe kakar wasa a cikin wasanni tara madaidaiciya, tare da buga 15 a cikin 35 na farko a jemagu.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 67</ref> <ref>Bayan fuskantar wani ɗan gajeren lokaci a ƙarshen rabin watan Mayu, Cepeda ta murmure, ta buge gida 12 a watan Yuni 4; a wannan rana ya sami hits guda huɗu ciki har da guda biyu na gudu na gida da kuma sau biyu, yana tuƙi a cikin gudu bakwai a nasarar 11-5 a kan Braves.</ref> An zabe shi a matsayin mai farawa a duka wasannin All-Star a lokacin kakar.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 66</ref> An koma Cepeda a ɗan gajeren lokaci zuwa tushe na uku don buɗe tabo ga Willie McCovey a farkon jerin gwanon, amma an koma filin wasa bayan ya aikata kurakurai a matsayin.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 69</ref> Ya buga wasanni shida na gida tsakanin Agusta da Satumba. Kattai sun ci gaba da zama a cikin tseren dan wasan a karshen kakar wasa ta bana, amma an cire su daga gasar bayan da suka yi rashin nasara a wasansu da Los Angeles Dodgers, inda daga karshe suka zo na uku. Cepeda ya jagoranci ƙungiyar a matsakaicin batting (.317) da RBIs (105).<ref>Fagen et al., p. 67</ref> Cepeda daga baya ya ƙaura daga Daly City zuwa Gundumar Faɗuwar rana, yana neman gida a cikin birni. A cikin 1960, Kattai sun mayar da shi zuwa tushe na farko bayan an aika McCovey zuwa ƙananan wasannin. Cepeda ya ƙare tare da matsakaita na .297, tare da 24 gida gudu da 96 RBIs.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 71</ref> Ya koma sau biyu a bana, na farko zuwa na 19 da Pacheco sannan zuwa na 48 da Pacheco, inda shi da McCovey suka sayi gini kusa da teku. A cikin 1961, Cepeda yana da abin da ya ɗauka a matsayin mafi kyawun ƙididdiga na aikinsa. Ya jagoranci gasar a cikin RBIs (142), gudu na gida (46), da kuma a jemagu kowace gudu ta gida (7.9).<ref>Fagen et al., p. 78</ref> A ranar 4 ga Yuli, a wasan farko na mai kan hanya biyu da Chicago Cubs, Cepeda yana da wasa mai ban sha'awa, yana tafiya 5-for-5 tare da ninki biyu da gudu na gida guda uku wanda ya yi tafiya sama da ƙafa 500 zuwa filin tsakiya mai zurfi, tuki. a cikin aiki-high takwas yana gudana a cikin 19-3 busa. An sake zaɓe shi don yin wasa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen farawa na All-Star Game. Ƙungiyoyin sun jagoranci gasar a cikin gudu-gudu da aka zira kwallaye, yayin da ma'aikatan filin wasa ke da matsakaicin gudu da aka samu (ERA) na 3.77. Tawagar ta kare a matsayi na uku. Cepeda ta zo na biyu a zaben dan wasa mafi daraja, bayan Frank Robinson.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 78</ref> Bayan kakar wasa, Cepeda - wanda a lokacin yana samun $ 30,000 - ya nemi tara dala 20,000 dangane da ayyukansa. Babban manajan ya yi imanin cewa yana samun kudi da yawa ga dan wasa mai shekaru hudu, kuma an ci gaba da tattaunawar har sai da aka daidaita albashin karshe na $ 46,000.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 78</ref> Giants na 1962 sun kasance ingantacciyar ƙungiyar, suna fafatawa da Dodgers koyaushe don jagorancin gasar. 'Yan wasa da yawa daga cikin ƙungiyar, ciki har da Cepeda, sun halarci Wasannin All-Star. Ƙarshen ɗaure tare da Dodgers, Giants sun yi wasa da su a cikin jerin wasanni don tantance zakara na National League. Sun ci mafi kyawu a cikin jerin uku da ci 2–1.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 81-82</ref> Cepeda batted .306 na shekara, tare da 35 gida gudu da 114 RBIs.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 81-82</ref> Ta haka tawagar ta ci gaba zuwa gasar cin kofin duniya don fuskantar New York Yankees; New York ta yi nasara a wasanni bakwai.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 74</ref> Daga cikin abubuwan da Dark ya yi bayan an nada shi manaja har da umurtar 'yan wasan Latin Amurka da su daina yaren Spanish a gidan kulab din. Nan take Cepeda ta fuskance shi; bayan wannan, Dark ya guji kiran 'yan wasan Hispanic zuwa kowane taron kungiyar.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 75</ref> A lokacin hunturu, Cepeda ya koma LBPPR, inda ya ji rauni a gwiwa yayin horo. A cikin 1963, ya buga dukkan kakar wasa tare da rauni, ba tare da sanar da Kattai ba saboda damuwa game da matsayinsa a cikin jerin gwanon.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 89</ref> Ya kasance cikin jin zafi akai-akai, amma yana cikin tseren neman kambun batting tare da Roberto Clemente, Dick Groat, da Tommy Davis, a ƙarshe sun ƙare na biyar. Matsakaicin batting ɗin sa shine .316, tare da gudu 34 na gida da 97 RBIs.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 89</ref> Kafin cikarsa shekaru 26, Cepeda ya tara hits 1,105, jimillar 11th mafi girma ga ɗan wasa mai shekaru 25 a tarihin MLB.<ref>https://www.sbnation.com/mlb/2017/8/8/16112462/mike-trout-1000-hits-angels</ref> A cikin 1964, San Francisco ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin tseren wasan har zuwa makon da ya gabata, lokacin da St. Louis Cardinals suka doke New York Mets don tabbatar da tuta. Cepeda ya jagoranci tawagar a matsakaicin batting tare da .304 da kashi slugging na .539.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 94</ref> Cepeda ya halarci horon bazara na 1965, yana da iyakacin shiga. Daya daga cikin abokansa, wanda dan kasar Mexico ne, ya kawo tulu da barasa da tabar wiwi don rage radadin ciwon, yana mai cewa "tsohuwar maganin Mexico ne".<ref>Fagen et al., p. 95</ref> Da ya lura da haka, wani ma'aikacin gidan kulab ɗin ya ba da shawarar kawo masa "haɗin gwiwa", wanda ya karɓa. Bayan wannan taron, ya sha miyagun ƙwayoyi akai-akai don "hutawa".<ref>Fagen et al., p. 95</ref> Bayan fuskantar kumburi a gwiwa a lokacin wasannin farko na kakar wasa, ƙungiyar likitocin sun ba da shawarar cewa ya daina wasa.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 81-82</ref>duk da haka, Cepeda ya ƙi yin haka tun da ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa shine babban tushen samun kudin shiga. Ya karbi magani daga Gene Sollovief, likita dan kasar Rasha wanda ya aiwatar da tsarin nauyi da motsa jiki.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 81-82</ref>Ya koma aiki, amma yana da 34 a jemagu tare da matsakaita na .176 da gudu guda ɗaya kawai. Ya koma Puerto Rico, yana samun ƙarin jiyya na jiki. A cikin kaka-lokaci, Cepeda kuma ya sayi gida a Diamond Heights yayin da matarsa ke da juna biyu da ɗansu, Orlando Jr. Bayan murmurewa daga rauni, ya halarci horon bazara na 1966; duk da haka, ba a sanya shi cikin jerin 'yan wasan da kungiyar za ta fara ba. ==Rayuwa bayan ritaya== ===Matsalolin shari'a=== Bayan ya yi ritaya, a wannan shekarar, Cepeda ya yi tafiya zuwa Colombia don jagorantar asibitin wasan baseball; da zarar ya isa wurin, sai ya gamu da gungun dillalan miyagun kwayoyi wadanda suka shawo kansa ya sanya jakunkuna dauke da fam biyar na tabar wiwi a cikin akwatuna biyu dauke da tufafin da aka yi da hannu. Cepeda ta yi amfani da cannabis tun 1965.<ref>Fagen et al., p.170</ref> Ya koma Puerto Rico, yana jira kwanaki goma kafin ya tuntubi filin jirgin don ganin ko akwatunan sun iso. Lokacin da Cepeda ya zo karbar kayansa, sai aka ce masa ba za a sake su ba, tunda ba a biya kudin jigilar kaya ba; jigilar kaya a zahiri tana da nauyin kilo 170 (kg 77), fiye da yadda yake tsammani. A lokacin, jami'an 'yan sanda biyu (waɗanda suka san abubuwan da ke cikin fakitin) sun umurci ɗaya daga cikin ma'aikatan sufurin jiragen sama da ya ba Cepeda akwatunan tare da ko ba tare da biya ba.<ref>Fagen et al., p.171</ref> Wani ma'aikacin filin jirgin sama ya kai kwalayen zuwa motar Cepeda, kuma da zarar Cepeda ya koma motarsa, an kama shi tare da tuhume shi da mallakar miyagun kwayoyi.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1975/12/13/archives/cepeda-charged-in-drug-case.html</ref> Yayin da ake shari'ar wannan tuhuma, an kama Cepeda a karo na biyu, bayan wani mutum ya yi zargin cewa Cepeda ta nuna masa bindiga. Pino ne ya kawo shari'a ta uku, yana neman ƙarin aliony da biyan tallafin yara.<ref>Fagen et al., p.173</ref> A cikin 1978, bayan kwanaki uku a shari'a, an bayyana Cepeda da laifin mallakar miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru biyar a gidan yari. Cepeda ya yi watanni goma a gidan yari da ma'auni na hukuncin da aka yanke masa kan gwaji. Bayan da aka sake shi, wani lauya a Puerto Rico ya gaya wa mai kula da gidan yarin cewa idan Cepeda ya dawo, da alama mafia za su yi ƙoƙari su kashe shi.<ref>Fagen et al., p.182</ref> wanda ya kai ga aikin Cepeda zuwa wani gida mai tsaka-tsaki a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Bayan kammala wannan shirin, Cepeda ya horar da ƙungiyar LBPPR a Bayamón, Puerto Rico kuma daga baya Chicago White Sox ta ɗauke ta a matsayin ɗan leƙen asiri. A cikin 1981, ƙungiyar ta ba shi aiki a matsayin mai koyar da motsa jiki tare da ɗayan ƙananan kulab ɗinsu a Lynn, Massachusetts. Babban manajan Roland Hemond ya sake shi daga baya a waccan shekarar, kuma ya ɗan yi aiki a matsayin kocin Crabbers.<ref>Fagen et al., p.184</ref> ===Komawa ga Kattai da aikin al'umma=== A cikin 1987, Max Shapiro ya tambaye shi ya maye gurbin McCovey a cikin "sansanin wasan ƙwallon kwando" a San Francisco, kuma ko da yake ya ƙi da farko, ya karɓa.<ref>Fagen et al., p.197</ref> A can ya sadu kuma ya yi abota da mawallafin Laurence Hyman, wanda ya gabatar da Cepeda ga membobin ma'aikatan Giants kuma ya ƙarfafa shi ya rubuta zuwa ga babban manajan Al Rosen.<ref>Fagen et al., p.198</ref> Bayan da farko bai sami amsa ba, daga ƙarshe Patrick J. Gallagher ya kira ya gaya wa Cepeda cewa Rosen yana son ɗaukar shi a matsayin ɗan leƙen asiri. Cepeda ya yi aiki a Jamhuriyar Dominican, Mexico, da sauran ƙasashen Latin Amurka a cikin shekararsa ta farko, bayan haka Giants sun sanya shi a kan albashi na cikakken lokaci.<ref>Fagen et al., p.199</ref> Cepeda daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin jakadan fatan alheri ga Giants, yana halartar ayyuka a makarantu, asibitoci, da cibiyoyin al'umma,<ref>Fagen et al., p.200</ref> kuma ya wakilci Kattai a cikin shirye-shiryen da ke nufin al'ummomin Latin Amurka. Bayan ya shiga Ska Gakkai International, ya kuma shiga ayyukan al'ummomin Puerto Rican a New York.<ref>Fagen et al., p.216</ref> Cepeda ya jefa filin wasa na farko na girmamawa don wasa na uku na 1989 National League Championship Series, da kuma wasa na yau da kullun tsakanin Giants da Dodgers a ranar 17 ga Satumba, 1997, ranar haihuwarsa ta 60th.<ref>Fagen et al., p.222</ref> Cepeda yana da nasa izinin tsayawa a sabon filin wasa na Giants wanda aka buɗe a cikin 2000, yanzu ana kiransa Oracle Park. Daga cikin abubuwan da ake bayarwa a Orlando's Caribbean BBQ shine "Caribbean Cha Cha Bowl" dangane da laƙabinsa don dandano na jazz da kiɗan Latin. A cikin 2006, Society for American Baseball Research (SABR) ta amince da wani babi na Puerto Rico, na farko a Latin Amurka, kuma suna babi babi don girmama Cepeda. A cikin 2008 an buɗe wani sassaken tagulla mai ƙafa 9 na Cepeda a cikin rigar Giants na farkon shekarun 1960 a sabon filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa. Cepeda ita ce Giant na huɗu kawai da aka karrama da irin wannan mutum-mutumi, bayan Willie Mays, Willie McCovey, Gaylord Perry, da Juan Marichal.<ref>https://www.sfgate.com/sports/article/Cepeda-honored-with-his-own-statue-at-the-ballpark-3270232.php</ref> A ranar 16 ga Satumba, 2017, kwana daya kafin ranar haihuwarsa ta 80, ya halarci bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwa a Oracle Park inda Giants suka karrama shi, gami da rarraba gumakansa ga magoya bayan 20,000 na farko a wasan. ===Gado=== A farkon 1990s, lokacin da lokacinsa na farko na cancantar shiga gidan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ya fara ƙarewa, yawancin Puerto Ricans, mashahuran mutane, da talakawan ƙasa sun fara yaƙin shigar da shi. Wasu mashahuran duniya da tsoffin abokan wasan su ma sun shiga yakin neman zaben. A cikin 1994, shekararsa ta ƙarshe ta cancantar yin zaɓe ta Ƙungiyar Marubuta Baseball ta Amirka, ya zo cikin ƙuri'u tara na zaɓe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/hall-of-famer-orlando-cepeda-dies-at-86-033404876.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-12-09 |archive-date=2024-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629034238/https://sports.yahoo.com/hall-of-famer-orlando-cepeda-dies-at-86-033404876.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 1999, Kwamitin Tsohon Sojoji na Hall ya zabe shi, tare da Roberto Clemente a matsayin kawai sauran Puerto Rican a Cooperstown. Tun daga lokacin Roberto Alomar, Ivan Rodriguez, da Edgar Martinez suka shiga. Cepeda na cikin manyan dakunan mashahuran 14, mafi yawan kowane ɗan wasan Puerto Rican: Gidan Wasannin Wasanni na Bay Area (1990),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bashof.org/inducteebios/ocepeda.htm |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-12-09 |archive-date=2008-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430124404/http://www.bashof.org/inducteebios/ocepeda.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Puerto Rico Baseball Hall of Fame (1991), Laredo Latin American International Sports Hall of Fame (1995), Santurce Hall of Fame (1997), Puerto Rico Sports Hall of Fame (1993),<ref>Fagen et al., p.209</ref> Zauren Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙasa, Cooperstown (1999), Missouri Sports Hall of Fame (2000),<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110525092827/http://www.mosportshalloffame.com/inductee_detail/Orlando+Cepeda/232</ref> Guayama Hall of Fame (2000), Ponce Hall of Fame (2001), Cataño Hall of Fame (2002), Hispanic Heritage Baseball Museum Hall of Fame (2002), African American kabilanci Sports Hall of Fame (2007),<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090109111628/http://www.hispanicbaseballmuseum.com/fme_cepeda.html</ref> San Francisco Giants Hall of Fame (2008) da Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙasa na Latinoamerican (2010). An san Cepeda a cikin ƙasa saboda ƙoƙarinsa na jin kai a matsayin jakadan wasan ƙwallon kwando.Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai magana da yawun Crohn's da Colitis Foundation of America.<ref>https://www.mlb.com/news/press-release-statement-from-the-giants-on-the-passing-of-orlando-cepeda</ref> A cikin 2001, ya ci lambar yabo ta Ernie Banks Positive Image Achievement Achievement Award.Littafin bayar da lambar yabon ya karanta a wani bangare, “Gadon da ya bari yana da ban sha’awa hakika.Yunkurin sa ga hidimar al'umma ya haɗa da takaddun shaida don Babban Fame na Jama'a. Yanzu an san shi a cikin ƙasa saboda ƙoƙarinsa na jin kai a matsayin jakadan wasan ƙwallon baseball da San Francisco Giants. : Taimakawa Wasu Mutane Excel. "Kowace Disamba, Orlando yawon shakatawa a zaman wani ɓangare na Giants Kirsimeti Caravan ziyartar asibitoci, makarantu da kungiyoyin matasa ciki har da UC San Francisco Medical Center yara ciwon daji. Ya kasance dan wasa a cikin 'yan wasan da ke yaki da AIDS. Ya kuma kasance mai magana ga jama'a na Omega Boys and Girls Club, mai ba da shawara ga yara masu haɗari a cikin al'ummar San Francisco. An girmama shi a cikin al'ummar yankin kuma ƙungiyar mawaƙa na gida tana da waƙar da ke murna da shi.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090101133451/http://www.bad.org/BAD/profile/orlando.html</ref> Giants sun yi ritaya lambar Cepeda 30 a cikin 1999.Yana rataye a fuskar bene na sama a kusurwar filin hagu na Oracle Park. A ranar 6 ga Satumba, 2008, Giants sun buɗe wani mutum-mutumi na Cepeda kusa da shigarwa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140419222144/http://www.primerahora.com/deportes/beisbol/nota/giganteshonranaorlandocepedaconestatuadebronce-227489/</ref> Shi ne Giant na biyar da aka karrama shi da mutum-mutumi; Sauran 'yan wasan su ne Willie Mays, Willie McCovey, Juan Marichal, da Gaylord Perry.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://m.mlb.com/news/article/195435396/gaylord-perry-gets-statue-at-giants-ballpark/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-12-09 |archive-date=2017-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826071954/http://m.mlb.com/news/article/195435396/gaylord-perry-gets-statue-at-giants-ballpark/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin watan Satumba na 2008, Giants sun kara wani mutum-mutumi na tagulla na rayuwa a kusurwar hudu na filin wasa don girmama Orlando Cepeda a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan Giants na kowane lokaci, tare da sauran 'yan wasan Hall of Fame a sauran kusurwoyi uku na filin wasa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Mays, Marichal, Gaylord Perry, da McCovey. Cepeda ya ci gaba da kasancewa wani ɓangare na ma'aikatan ofishi na gaba na Giants kuma galibi yana shiga cikin ayyukan horarwar bazara na ƙungiyar. An kuma san shi a Ponce's Parque de los Ponceños Ilustres a fannin wasanni.<ref>http://www.travelponce.com/Sports.html</ref> ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Ranar 3 ga Disamba, 1960, Cepeda ta auri Annie Pino a wani bikin da ya faru a wani ƙaramin coci na San Juan.<ref>Fagen et al., p. 87</ref> Bayan haka an yi babban liyafa a otal din Caribe Hilton. Shi da Pino sun sake aure a 1973.<ref>Fagen et al., p.168</ref> Bayan ma'auratan sun rabu, ya sadu da Nydia Fernandez, wadda ta fito daga Carolina, Puerto Rico. Ma'auratan sun yi aure a shekara ta 1975, kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya biyu, Malcom da Ali.<ref>Fagen et al., p.169</ref> Cepeda kuma yana da wasu 'ya'ya biyu, Orlando Cepeda Jr. da Carl Cepeda. Tsohon Katolika, Cepeda ya fara aikata addinin Buddah na Nichiren a matsayin memba na kungiyar Buddhist Soka Gakkai International a 1983.<ref>Fagen et al., p.190</ref> Bayan shekara guda, ya koma Los Angeles, ya yi hayar wani gida a Burbank. A wannan lokacin, dangantakarsa da Fernandez ta lalace. Daga ƙarshe ta bar gidan kuma ta koma Puerto Rico tare da Malcom da Ali kuma ta shigar da ƙarar saki.<ref>Fagen et al., p.186</ref> Aboki ya gabatar da Cepeda ga Miriam Ortiz, wanda ya aura daga baya. Miriam ta mutu a shekara ta 2017.<ref>https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/04/12/wife-of-giants-hall-of-famer-orlando-cepeda-dies-of-pneumonia/</ref> ===Matsalolin lafiya da mutuwa=== An kwantar da Cepeda a asibiti a watan Fabrairun 2018 bayan faduwa. Ya sha fama da abin da ake kira "cutar zuciya da raunin kai" da bugun jini bayan ya fado a wurin ajiye motoci a rukunin Golf na Rancho Solano da ke Fairfield, California. Ya yi jinyar watanni da dama a asibiti kafin a sallame shi.<ref>https://m.sfgate.com/giants/article/Orlando-Cepeda-attends-first-Giants-game-since-13053182.php</ref> A cikin 2020, Cepeda ya kai karar surukarsa yana zargin "dattijon cin zarafi, zamba, sakaci wajen tafiyar da harkokin kudadensa bayan ya ba ta ikon lauya a 2018, da kuma haifar da damuwa." Ya kuma musanta cewa yana fama da ciwon hauka.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20221207223326/https://www.sfchronicle.com/giants/article/Giants-great-Orlando-Cepeda-denies-having-15370004.php</ref> Cepeda ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Yuni, 2024, yana da shekaru 86. An binne shi kusa da mahaifiyarsa a Juncos Old Municipal Cemetery a Juncos, Puerto Rico.<ref>https://www.mlb.com/news/orlando-cepeda-dies</ref> Mutuwar tasa ta faru ne kwanaki 10 bayan ta tsohon abokin wasansa Willie Mays.<ref>https://apnews.com/article/orlando-cepeda-died-86-giants-2d8b17a39dd0814b290f175196b938d8</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutuwan 2024]] 4t6iyok2mmf3htx71itgj5aiwocrrek 0 89305 863622 855425 2026-06-22T05:33:47Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355070952|Nile perch]]" 863622 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kogin Nilu''' ( '''''Lates niloticus''''' ), wanda kuma aka sani da '''snook na Afirka''', '''Goliath perch''', '''Nile lates''', '''African lates''', '''Goliath lates''', '''Victoria lates''', '''African barramundi''', '''Goliath barramundi''', '''Giant lates''' ko '''Victoria perch''', nau'in kifin ruwa ne mai ruwa a cikin dangin Latidae na tsarin Carangiformes . Ya bazu ko'ina cikin mafi yawan yankunan Afirka, yana da asali a [[Kogin Congo|Congo]], [[Nil|Nile]], [[Kogin Senegal|Senegal]], [[Neja (kogi)|Niger]] da [[Tabkin Chadi|Tafkin Chad]], [[Tafkin Volta|Volta]], [[Tafkin Turkana]], da sauran kwaruruka. Hakanan yana faruwa a cikin ruwan tafkin [[Tafkin Mariout|Maryut]] a [[Misra|Masar]] . Kogin Nilu kifi ne mai matuƙar mahimmanci a fannin tattalin arziki da tsaron abinci a Gabashin Afirka. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chrétien |first=Emmanuelle |last2=Chapman |first2=Lauren J. |date=2016 |title=Tropical fish in a warming world: thermal tolerance of Nile perchLates niloticus(L.) in Lake Nabugabo, Uganda |journal=Conservation Physiology |volume=4 |issue=1 |doi=10.1093/conphys/cow062 |issn=2051-1434 |pmc=5156894 |pmid=27990290}}</ref> Asalin sunan da aka siffanta shi da ''Labrus niloticus,'' a cikin wrasses na ruwa, ana kuma kiran nau'in da ''Centropomus niloticus'' . Sunaye da aka fi sani sun haɗa da snook na Afirka, Victoria perch (sunan kasuwanci mai ɓatarwa, domin nau'in ba asalin [[Tafkin Victoria]] ba ne, kodayake an gabatar da shi a can), da kuma sunaye da yawa na gida a cikin harsunan Afirka daban-daban, kamar sunan [[Yaren Luo|Luo]] ''mbuta'' ko ''mputa'' . A [[Tanzaniya]], ana kiransa ''sangara'', ''sankara'', ko ''chenku'' . A ƙasashen Afirka masu magana da Faransanci, ana kiransa ''capitaine'' . Sunansa a cikin [[harshen Hausa]] shine ''giwan ruwa'', ma'ana "giwar ruwa". == Bayani == ''L. niloticus'' launin azurfa ne mai launin shuɗi. Yana da idanu masu duhu-baƙi, tare da zobe mai haske-rawaya. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan kifayen ruwa mai tsafta, tsawonsa ya kai kusan {{Convert|2|m}}, yana da nauyin har zuwa {{Convert|200|kg}} . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kaufman |first=Les |author-link=Les Kaufman |year=1992 |title=Catastrophic Change in Species-Rich Freshwater Ecosystems: The lessons of Lake Victoria |journal=[[BioScience]] |volume=42 |issue=11 |pages=846–858 |doi=10.2307/1312084 |jstor=1312084}}</ref> Kifin da ya manyanta yawanci yana tsakanin {{Convert|1.21|–|1.37|m}}, kodayake ana kama kifaye da yawa kafin su iya girma da girma haka. [[File:Capitaine_Nile_Perch.jpg|alt=A juvenile Nile perch (''Lates niloticus''), postcard drawing by Mrs. Hopson, 1966, Lake Chad Research Station, Malamfatori, Nigeria|right|thumb]] Manyan dabbobin ruwa na Nilu suna mamaye dukkan wuraren zama na tafki tare da isasshen iskar oxygen, yayin da ƙananan dabbobin ruwa ke iyakance ga muhalli mara zurfi ko kusa da bakin teku. Wani mafarauci mai tsananin gaske wanda ke mamaye kewayensa, dabbobin ruwa na Nilu suna cin kifaye (gami da nau'in nasa), crustaceans, molluscs, da kwari ; ƙananan dabbobin kuma suna cin namun daji na zooplankton . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lates niloticus (Victoria perch) |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Lates_niloticus/ |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]]}}</ref> dabbobin ruwa na Nilu suna amfani da ilimin dabbobi a matsayin hanyar kare kansu daga sauran dabbobin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Witte |first=Frans |date=2022 |title=Lates niloticus (Nile perch) |url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/77994 |journal=Cabi Compendium |volume=CABI Compendium |doi=10.1079/cabicompendium.77994 |access-date=2021-06-02 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nile perch (Lates niloticus) - Species Profile |url=https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=412 |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=nas.er.usgs.gov}}</ref> == Nau'ikan mamaya == An gabatar da kogin perch zuwa wasu tafkuna da dama a Afirka, ciki har da Tafkin Victoria da [[Tafkin Nasser]] na wucin gadi. Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Nau'o'in Masu Yawa ta Ƙungiyar Kare Muhalli ta Duniya ta ɗauki ''L. niloticus'' a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan halittu 100 mafi muni a duniya. Jihar Queensland da ke Ostiraliya tana ɗaukar tara mai yawa ga duk wanda aka samu yana da wani yanki mai rai na kogin Nilu, tunda tana fafatawa kai tsaye da barramundi na asali, wanda yake kama da na asali kuma yana girma zuwa {{Convert|1.5|m}} tsayi, yayin da kogin Nilu ke girma zuwa {{Convert|2.0|m}} dogon lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Society |first=National Geographic |title=Invasive Species |url=http://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-library-invasive-species/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130104828/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-library-invasive-species/ |archive-date=January 30, 2022 |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=www.nationalgeographic.org |language=en}}</ref> Nau'in yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a kasuwanci a matsayin kifin abinci. Haka kuma, kogin Nilu yana da farin jini ga masu kamun kifi na wasanni, domin yana kai hari ga masu kamun kifi na wucin gadi, kuma ana kiwonsa a fannin kiwon kamun kifi . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Invasion Biology Introduced Species Summary Project - Columbia University |url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Lates_niloticus.htm |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=www.columbia.edu}}</ref> === Gabatarwar Tafkin Victoria === Gabatar da wannan nau'in a Tafkin Victoria yana ɗaya daga cikin misalan da aka fi ambata na mummunan tasirin da nau'in baƙo zai iya yi wa yanayin halittu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Impact of an Invasive Species |url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/impact-invasive-species |access-date=2023-06-07 |website=education.nationalgeographic.org |language=en}}</ref> An gabatar da kogin Nilu a Tafkin Victoria da ke Gabashin Afirka a shekarun 1950, <ref name="Pringle1">{{Cite journal |last=Pringle |first=Robert M. |year=2005 |title=The origins of the Nile Perch in Lake Victoria |journal=BioScience |volume=55 |issue=9 |pages=780–787 |doi=10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0780:TOOTNP]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=13720490 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name="Pringle2">{{Cite journal |last=Pringle |first=Robert M. |date=2005 |title=The Nile Perch in Lake Victoria: local responses and adaptations |journal=Africa: Journal of the International African Institute |volume=75 |issue=4 |pages=510–538 |doi=10.3366/afr.2005.75.4.510 |issn=0001-9720 |jstor=3556959 |s2cid=7566999}}</ref> kuma tun daga lokacin ake kamun kifi a fannin kasuwanci. A shekarar 2003, cinikin kogin Nilu ga Tarayyar Turai ya kai Yuro miliyan 169. Kamun kifi a yankin Uganda da Tanzania ya samar da ƙarin kuɗin shiga daga yawon buɗe ido. Gabatar da shi ya kawo cikas ga muhalli kuma an danganta shi da haifar da ɓacewa ko kusan [[Karewar kwayoyin halitta|bacewa]] na ɗaruruwan nau'ikan halittu na asali, tare da wasu yawan jama'a suna canzawa tare da kamun kifi na kasuwanci da ainihin dabbobin perch na Nilu. Da farko perch na Nilu yana cin cichlids na asali, amma tare da raguwar samuwar wannan abincin, yanzu yana cin ƙananan jatan lande da minnows . Sauyin yanayin ƙasa na asali ya kawo cikas ga tattalin arzikin al'umma ga al'ummomin yankin da ke makwabtaka da tafkin. Mutane da yawa daga yankin sun ƙaura daga sana'o'insu na gargajiya a fannin kamun kifi kuma suka shigar da su cikin tattalin arzikin kuɗi, ko kuma kafin kafa kamun kifi mai mayar da hankali kan fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje, ya mayar da su 'yan gudun hijira na tattalin arziki . Aƙalla da farko, ba za a iya ƙera raga masu ƙarfi da za su iya ɗaukar manyan kogin Nilu a cikin gida ba kuma dole ne a shigo da su da farashi mai tsada. <ref>{{Cite web |title=RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN LAKE VICTORIA FISHERIES: THE NILE PERCH |url=http://www.fao.org/3/t0037e/T0037E04.htm |access-date=August 17, 2019 |website=fao.org}}</ref>   == Manazarta == fy8oov0963ytqiochyeavct9wbwja9i 863623 863622 2026-06-22T05:34:12Z Engineer014 44591 863623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Nilu''' ( '''''Lates niloticus''''' ), wanda kuma aka sani da '''snook na Afirka''', '''Goliath perch''', '''Nile lates''', '''African lates''', '''Goliath lates''', '''Victoria lates''', '''African barramundi''', '''Goliath barramundi''', '''Giant lates''' ko '''Victoria perch''', nau'in kifin ruwa ne mai ruwa a cikin dangin Latidae na tsarin Carangiformes . Ya bazu ko'ina cikin mafi yawan yankunan Afirka, yana da asali a [[Kogin Congo|Congo]], [[Nil|Nile]], [[Kogin Senegal|Senegal]], [[Neja (kogi)|Niger]] da [[Tabkin Chadi|Tafkin Chad]], [[Tafkin Volta|Volta]], [[Tafkin Turkana]], da sauran kwaruruka. Hakanan yana faruwa a cikin ruwan tafkin [[Tafkin Mariout|Maryut]] a [[Misra|Masar]] . Kogin Nilu kifi ne mai matuƙar mahimmanci a fannin tattalin arziki da tsaron abinci a Gabashin Afirka. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chrétien |first=Emmanuelle |last2=Chapman |first2=Lauren J. |date=2016 |title=Tropical fish in a warming world: thermal tolerance of Nile perchLates niloticus(L.) in Lake Nabugabo, Uganda |journal=Conservation Physiology |volume=4 |issue=1 |doi=10.1093/conphys/cow062 |issn=2051-1434 |pmc=5156894 |pmid=27990290}}</ref> Asalin sunan da aka siffanta shi da ''Labrus niloticus,'' a cikin wrasses na ruwa, ana kuma kiran nau'in da ''Centropomus niloticus'' . Sunaye da aka fi sani sun haɗa da snook na Afirka, Victoria perch (sunan kasuwanci mai ɓatarwa, domin nau'in ba asalin [[Tafkin Victoria]] ba ne, kodayake an gabatar da shi a can), da kuma sunaye da yawa na gida a cikin harsunan Afirka daban-daban, kamar sunan [[Yaren Luo|Luo]] ''mbuta'' ko ''mputa'' . A [[Tanzaniya]], ana kiransa ''sangara'', ''sankara'', ko ''chenku'' . A ƙasashen Afirka masu magana da Faransanci, ana kiransa ''capitaine'' . Sunansa a cikin [[harshen Hausa]] shine ''giwan ruwa'', ma'ana "giwar ruwa". == Bayani == ''L. niloticus'' launin azurfa ne mai launin shuɗi. Yana da idanu masu duhu-baƙi, tare da zobe mai haske-rawaya. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan kifayen ruwa mai tsafta, tsawonsa ya kai kusan {{Convert|2|m}}, yana da nauyin har zuwa {{Convert|200|kg}} . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kaufman |first=Les |author-link=Les Kaufman |year=1992 |title=Catastrophic Change in Species-Rich Freshwater Ecosystems: The lessons of Lake Victoria |journal=[[BioScience]] |volume=42 |issue=11 |pages=846–858 |doi=10.2307/1312084 |jstor=1312084}}</ref> Kifin da ya manyanta yawanci yana tsakanin {{Convert|1.21|–|1.37|m}}, kodayake ana kama kifaye da yawa kafin su iya girma da girma haka. [[File:Capitaine_Nile_Perch.jpg|alt=A juvenile Nile perch (''Lates niloticus''), postcard drawing by Mrs. Hopson, 1966, Lake Chad Research Station, Malamfatori, Nigeria|right|thumb]] Manyan dabbobin ruwa na Nilu suna mamaye dukkan wuraren zama na tafki tare da isasshen iskar oxygen, yayin da ƙananan dabbobin ruwa ke iyakance ga muhalli mara zurfi ko kusa da bakin teku. Wani mafarauci mai tsananin gaske wanda ke mamaye kewayensa, dabbobin ruwa na Nilu suna cin kifaye (gami da nau'in nasa), crustaceans, molluscs, da kwari ; ƙananan dabbobin kuma suna cin namun daji na zooplankton . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lates niloticus (Victoria perch) |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Lates_niloticus/ |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]]}}</ref> dabbobin ruwa na Nilu suna amfani da ilimin dabbobi a matsayin hanyar kare kansu daga sauran dabbobin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Witte |first=Frans |date=2022 |title=Lates niloticus (Nile perch) |url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/77994 |journal=Cabi Compendium |volume=CABI Compendium |doi=10.1079/cabicompendium.77994 |access-date=2021-06-02 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nile perch (Lates niloticus) - Species Profile |url=https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?speciesID=412 |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=nas.er.usgs.gov}}</ref> == Nau'ikan mamaya == An gabatar da kogin perch zuwa wasu tafkuna da dama a Afirka, ciki har da Tafkin Victoria da [[Tafkin Nasser]] na wucin gadi. Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Nau'o'in Masu Yawa ta Ƙungiyar Kare Muhalli ta Duniya ta ɗauki ''L. niloticus'' a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan halittu 100 mafi muni a duniya. Jihar Queensland da ke Ostiraliya tana ɗaukar tara mai yawa ga duk wanda aka samu yana da wani yanki mai rai na kogin Nilu, tunda tana fafatawa kai tsaye da barramundi na asali, wanda yake kama da na asali kuma yana girma zuwa {{Convert|1.5|m}} tsayi, yayin da kogin Nilu ke girma zuwa {{Convert|2.0|m}} dogon lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Society |first=National Geographic |title=Invasive Species |url=http://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-library-invasive-species/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130104828/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/topics/resource-library-invasive-species/ |archive-date=January 30, 2022 |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=www.nationalgeographic.org |language=en}}</ref> Nau'in yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a kasuwanci a matsayin kifin abinci. Haka kuma, kogin Nilu yana da farin jini ga masu kamun kifi na wasanni, domin yana kai hari ga masu kamun kifi na wucin gadi, kuma ana kiwonsa a fannin kiwon kamun kifi . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Invasion Biology Introduced Species Summary Project - Columbia University |url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Lates_niloticus.htm |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=www.columbia.edu}}</ref> === Gabatarwar Tafkin Victoria === Gabatar da wannan nau'in a Tafkin Victoria yana ɗaya daga cikin misalan da aka fi ambata na mummunan tasirin da nau'in baƙo zai iya yi wa yanayin halittu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Impact of an Invasive Species |url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/impact-invasive-species |access-date=2023-06-07 |website=education.nationalgeographic.org |language=en}}</ref> An gabatar da kogin Nilu a Tafkin Victoria da ke Gabashin Afirka a shekarun 1950, <ref name="Pringle1">{{Cite journal |last=Pringle |first=Robert M. |year=2005 |title=The origins of the Nile Perch in Lake Victoria |journal=BioScience |volume=55 |issue=9 |pages=780–787 |doi=10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0780:TOOTNP]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=13720490 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name="Pringle2">{{Cite journal |last=Pringle |first=Robert M. |date=2005 |title=The Nile Perch in Lake Victoria: local responses and adaptations |journal=Africa: Journal of the International African Institute |volume=75 |issue=4 |pages=510–538 |doi=10.3366/afr.2005.75.4.510 |issn=0001-9720 |jstor=3556959 |s2cid=7566999}}</ref> kuma tun daga lokacin ake kamun kifi a fannin kasuwanci. A shekarar 2003, cinikin kogin Nilu ga Tarayyar Turai ya kai Yuro miliyan 169. Kamun kifi a yankin Uganda da Tanzania ya samar da ƙarin kuɗin shiga daga yawon buɗe ido. Gabatar da shi ya kawo cikas ga muhalli kuma an danganta shi da haifar da ɓacewa ko kusan [[Karewar kwayoyin halitta|bacewa]] na ɗaruruwan nau'ikan halittu na asali, tare da wasu yawan jama'a suna canzawa tare da kamun kifi na kasuwanci da ainihin dabbobin perch na Nilu. Da farko perch na Nilu yana cin cichlids na asali, amma tare da raguwar samuwar wannan abincin, yanzu yana cin ƙananan jatan lande da minnows . Sauyin yanayin ƙasa na asali ya kawo cikas ga tattalin arzikin al'umma ga al'ummomin yankin da ke makwabtaka da tafkin. Mutane da yawa daga yankin sun ƙaura daga sana'o'insu na gargajiya a fannin kamun kifi kuma suka shigar da su cikin tattalin arzikin kuɗi, ko kuma kafin kafa kamun kifi mai mayar da hankali kan fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje, ya mayar da su 'yan gudun hijira na tattalin arziki . Aƙalla da farko, ba za a iya ƙera raga masu ƙarfi da za su iya ɗaukar manyan kogin Nilu a cikin gida ba kuma dole ne a shigo da su da farashi mai tsada. <ref>{{Cite web |title=RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN LAKE VICTORIA FISHERIES: THE NILE PERCH |url=http://www.fao.org/3/t0037e/T0037E04.htm |access-date=August 17, 2019 |website=fao.org}}</ref>   == Manazarta == 1hu7pdgjvhexfii6pomxbmte4t0awmd 0 89627 863137 652864 2026-06-21T14:20:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863137 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Muhammad Ragil|fullname=Muhammad Ragil|birth_place=[[Deli Serdang]], Indonesia|birth_date={{birth date and age|2005|5|8|df=y}}|height=1.85 m<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/muhammad-ragil/|title=Muhammad Ragil: Profile |website=worldfootball.net |publisher=HEIM:SPIEL |accessdate=4 July 2023}}</ref>|position=[[Forward (association football)|Forward]]|currentclub=[[Bhayangkara F.C.|Bhayangkara]]|clubnumber=7|youthyears1=|youthclubs1=Diklat Merden Banjarnegara<ref>{{cite web |url=https://serayunews.com/eks-diklat-merden-banjarnegara-muhammad-ragil-pecahkan-rekor-di-liga-1/|title=Alumni Diklat Merden Banjarnegara, Pecahkan Rekor di Liga 1|website=serayunews.com|publisher=serayunews|accessdate=4 July 2023}}</ref>|youthyears2=2021–2022|youthclubs2=[[Bhayangkara F.C.|Bhayangkara]]|youthyears3=2022|youthclubs3=Garuda Select<ref>{{cite web |url=https://gol.bolatimes.com/read/2023/04/22/140000/profil-muhammad-ragil-striker-185-cm-garuda-select-ingin-bela-timnas-indonesia|title=Profil Muhammad Ragil, Striker 185 cm Garuda Select Ingin Bela Timnas Indonesia|website=gol.bolatimes.com|publisher=GOL - BolaTimes.com|accessdate=4 July 2023}}</ref>|years1=2022–|clubs1=[[Bhayangkara F.C.|Bhayangkara]]|caps1=15|goals1=2|nationalyears1=2024–2025|nationalteam1=[[Indonesia national under-20 football team|Indonesia U20]]|nationalcaps1=18|nationalgoals1=3|nationalyears2=2023–|nationalteam2=[[Indonesia national under-23 football team|Indonesia U23]]|nationalcaps2=4|nationalgoals2=0|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|Men's [[Association football|football]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{fb|Indonesia}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[ASEAN U-19 Boys Championship]]}} {{medalW|[[2024 ASEAN U-19 Boys Championship|2024 Indonesia]]|[[2024 ASEAN U-19 Boys Championship squads#Indonesia|Team]]}} {{Medal|Competition|[[AFF U-23 Championship]]}} {{medal|RU|[[2023 AFF U-23 Championship|2023 Thailand]]|[[2023 AFF U-23 Championship squads#Indonesia|Team]]}}|pcupdate=21 October 2024|ntupdate=19 February 2025}} '''Muhammad Ragil''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Mayu 2005) ɗan ' wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Indonesia wanda ke taka leda ' a matsayin mai gaba a kungiyar Ligue 2 ta Bhayangkara . <ref name="soccerway">{{Cite web |title=Indonesia - M. Ragil - Profile with news, career statistics and history |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/muhammad-ragil/913548/ |access-date=4 July 2023 |website=Soccerway}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == === Bhayangkara === Wani samfurin makarantar ' matasa ta Bhayangkara, Ragil ya fara ' buga wasan Lig 1 tare da Bhayangkara a wasan da aka yi da PSIS Semarang a ranar 3 ga Yulin 2023, a matsayin mai farawa. Ya kuma zira kwallaye na farko a ' wannan wasan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rekor Pecah Lagi di BRI Liga 1, Striker Bhayangkara FC Pencetak Gol Pertama Kelahiran 2005! |url=https://joglo.suara.com/read/2023/07/03/205335/rekor-pecah-lagi-di-bri-liga-1-striker-bhayangkara-fc-pencetak-gol-pertama-kelahiran-2005 |access-date=4 July 2023 |website=suara.com |publisher=suara |archive-date=12 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712025550/https://joglo.suara.com/read/2023/07/03/205335/rekor-pecah-lagi-di-bri-liga-1-striker-bhayangkara-fc-pencetak-gol-pertama-kelahiran-2005 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Kocin Indra Sjafri ya ' kira Ragil zuwa tawagar Indonesia ' U20 don shiga Gasar Maurice Revello ta 2024 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Indonesia |url=https://www.tournoimauricerevello.com/en/smartphone/festival/detail_equipe.php?id=492 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Tournoi Maurice Revello}}</ref> == Daraja == '''Bhayangkara''' * Wanda ya zo na biyu a Ligue 2: 2024-252024–25 '''Indonesia U-19''' * Gasar Cin Kofin Yara ta U-19 ta ASEAN: 2024 '''Indonesia U23''' * Wanda ya ci gaba a gasar cin kofin U-23 na AFF: 2023 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Soccerway|muhammad-ragil/913548}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2005]] ljeuyiyuma213z668ydu519sxqa3wxn 0 90104 863404 613714 2026-06-21T18:01:50Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Keken Guragu''' ko '''Kujerar Guragu''' kujera ce ko keken dake da tayu biyu (2) ko sama da haka, da wajen ajiye kafa da kuma wajen ajiye hannu masu taushi. Wannan keken ko kujera ta kasance ana kera ta ne ga masu bukata ta musamman, kamar guragu ko wadanda basa iya tafiya ko da suna da kafafu. Ana amfani da ita ne lokacin da tafiya ke da wuya ko ba zai yiwu a yi ba saboda rashin lafiya, rauni, nakasa, ko yanayin kiwon lafiya da suka shafi shekaru ko tsufa. Kujerar guragu na bada ikon motsi, tallafwa baya, da kuma 'yanci ga wadanda basu iya tafiya, ko suke shan wuya wajen tafiya, wanda ke basu damar gusawa zuwa wurare, su yi ayyukan yau da kullum, kuma suyi rayuwa daidai da ra;ayoyin su.[[https://www.who.int/teams/health-product-policy-and-standards/assistive-and-medical-technology/assistive-technology/wheelchair-services]] {{Stub}} == Manazarta == 8sqt1d1k2bcoa6z7axfcqmvoo8xdv3m 0 93054 863615 609298 2026-06-22T05:29:07Z Nura Bello 24854 863615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Egyptian Red Crescent Society (Larabci: جمعية الهلال الأحمر المصري) wata ƙungiya ce ta jin kai wacce ke ayyukan sakai a fannin kiwon lafiya na gaggawa da kai ɗaukin taimakon jin kai a Masar. Sheikh Ali Youssef ne ya kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 1911 a birnin [[Kairo|Alkahira]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=10 February 2021 |title=The role of women in the Egyptian Red Crescent |url=https://www.egyptianrc.org/Media-Center/News/NewsDetails/26618 |access-date=29 August 2023 |website=Egyptian Red Crescent Society |archive-date=29 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829092837/https://www.egyptianrc.org/Media-Center/News/NewsDetails/26618 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ƙungiyar na da memba daga Tarayyar Red Cross da Red Crescent Societies ta Duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Egyptian Red Crescent Society |url=https://www.ifrc.org/national-societies-directory/egyptian-red-crescent-society |access-date=29 August 2023 |website=International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies}}</ref> == Manazarta== {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin hadi na Waje == * [https://www.egyptianrc.org/home Official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241030223444/https://www.egyptianrc.org/Home |date=2024-10-30 }} [[Category: Kungiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya a Misra]] [[Category:Kungiyoyin da aka Kafa a 1911]] [[Category: Kungiyoyin Agaji]] [[Category:Kiwon Lafiya]] [[Category: Kungiyoyi]] 5ayg2o09u0dd5d8xhf43drgq5xk5kh6 0 94168 863549 591067 2026-06-21T21:58:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Niamh de Búrca''', 'yar ƙasar Irish ce na gargajiya kuma mawakiyar jama'a wacce ta taimaka wajen haɓaka amfani da [[harshen Irish]] a cikin kiɗa. == Tarihin Rayuwa == <ref name="draiochtmusic 2007">{{Cite web |last=draiochtmusic |date=2007-01-13 |title=Michael Rooney On Tour With June Mccormack & Niamh De Burca |url=https://www.concertina.net/forums/index.php?/topic/5321-michael-rooney-on-tour-with-june-mccormack-niamh-de-burca/ |access-date=2020-05-01 |website=Concertina.net Discussion Forums |archive-date=2022-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220416022046/https://www.concertina.net/forums/index.php?/topic/5321-michael-rooney-on-tour-with-june-mccormack-niamh-de-burca/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="Gray 2007">{{Cite web |last=Gray |first=Jim |date=2007-11-05 |title=Local musicians in tune with President |url=https://www.independent.ie/regionals/sligochampion/news/local-musicians-in-tune-with-president-27556511.html |access-date=2020-05-01 |website=independent}}</ref> De Búrca ta fitar da kundi na solo, ''An áit a bhfuil do chroí. . .'' ''Inda zuciyar ku ke kwance'' a shekarar 2006. Kundin ya ƙunshi waƙoƙin da suka fara tun ƙarni na 17 da ƙari waɗanda mahaifiyar De Búrca, Síghle, ta koya mata.<ref name="Irish America 2006">{{cite web | title=Hands Across the Water: From Gaelic to Graceland | website=Irish America | date=2006-02-01 | url=https://irishamerica.com/2006/02/hands-across-the-water-from-gaelic-to-graceland/ | access-date=2020-05-01}}</ref><ref name="The Irish Times 2013">{{cite news | title=Opening lines | newspaper=The Irish Times | date=2013-03-21 | url=https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/opening-lines-1.1014425 | access-date=2020-05-01}}</ref><ref name="The Irish Times">{{cite news | title=TRADITIONAL | newspaper=The Irish Times | date=2013-03-21 | url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/traditional-1.1007609 | access-date=2020-05-01}}</ref><ref name="Irish America 2006"/> An zaɓi De Búrca ta TG4 don yin aiki tare da wasu masana a cikin zaɓin kyautar kiɗan Irish na gargajiya, Gradam Ceoil, masu karɓa. <ref name="TG4 2016">{{Cite web |date=2016-12-14 |title=About Gradam Ceoil |url=https://tg4.tv/en/other-brands/gradam-ceoil/about-gradam-ceoil/ |access-date=2020-05-01 |website=TG4}}</ref> ƙwararriyar mai magana da Irish kuma mai ba da tallafin [[Harshen Irish|yaren Irish]] De Búrca ta yi aiki tare da Gael Linn tsawon shekaru 43 har sai da ta yi ritaya daga matsayinta a shekarar 2019. Ita ce ke da alhakin gasar Siansa Gael Linn. <ref name="Ceili House 2019">{{Cite web |date=2019-12-28 |title=Ceili House Saturday 28 December 2019 - RTÉ Radio 1 |url=https://www.rte.ie/radio1/ceili-house/programmes/2019/1228/1103400-ceili-house-saturday-28-december-2019/ |access-date=2020-05-01 |website=Ceili House |language=cy}}</ref> <ref name="Laois Today 2017">{{Cite web |date=2017-02-17 |title=Two Laois groups through to national trad music final |url=https://www.laoistoday.ie/2017/02/17/two-laois-groups-through-to-national-traditional-irish-music-final/ |access-date=2020-05-01 |website=Laois Today}}</ref> <ref name="CIC">{{Cite web |title=Scéal Ghael-Linn |url=https://www.cic.ie/en/books/published-books/sceal-ghael-linn |access-date=2020-05-01 |website=CIC}}</ref> <ref name="Gael Linn 2019">{{Cite web |date=2019-08-29 |title=Slán le Niamh |url=https://www.gael-linn.ie/ga/nuacht/2019/08/29/slán-le-niamh/73-51/ |access-date=2020-05-01 |website=Gael Linn |language=Irish}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] cqzy37bcmhb10zizttdwr3la10f97bg 0 96638 863725 644099 2026-06-22T08:55:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ayawavi Djigbodi Patricia Dagban-Zonvidé''' (an haife ta a ranar 17 ga watan Maris 1960 a [[Lomé]]) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Par Admin TogoPortail - mercredi, 24 juillet 2013 76 |date=2014-02-13 |title=Législatives 2013 au Togo: 5 Femmes, 5 parcours réussis / 1 DEFI : La Conquête du Grand Lomé – Togoportail |url=http://www.togoportail.net/2013/07/legislatives-2013-au-togo-5-femmes-5-parcours-reussis-1-defi-la-conquete-du-grand-lome/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202033631/http://www.togoportail.net/2013/07/legislatives-2013-au-togo-5-femmes-5-parcours-reussis-1-defi-la-conquete-du-grand-lome/ |archive-date=2020-12-02 |access-date=2021-12-08 |publisher=Togoportail.net}}</ref> 'yar siyasar ƙasar Togo ce. Mai riƙe da digirin digirgir a fannin wallafe-wallafen Afirka da kwatankwacinsu, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mme Patricia Dagban-Zonvidé succede à Mme Henriette Koueviamedjogbe au ministère de la Promotion de la Femme |trans-title=Mrs. Patricia Dagban-Zonvidé succeeds Mrs. Henriette Koueviamedjogbe for the Ministry of Women's Empowerment |url=http://tvt.tg/mme-patricia-dagban-zonvide-succede-a-mme-henriette-koueviamedjogbe-au-ministere-de-la-promotion-de-la-femme/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407102253/http://tvt.tg/mme-patricia-dagban-zonvide-succede-a-mme-henriette-koueviamedjogbe-au-ministere-de-la-promotion-de-la-femme/ |archive-date=7 April 2014 |website=[[Télévision Togolaise]] |language=fr |type=News}}</ref> Dagban-Zonvidé ita ce ministar haɓaka mata a gwamnatin Arthème Kwesi Séléagodji Ahoomey-Zunu. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Gouvernement - République Togolaise |url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.republicoftogo.com%2FToutes-les-pages-CMS%2FL-etat%2FGouvernement |access-date=2021-12-08 |publisher=Archive.wikiwix.com}}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2013, ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban majalisar dokokin ƙasar Togo ta uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-12-17 |title=Togo : les députés apprennent à communiquer par les réseaux sociaux |url=http://news.alome.com/h/9443.html |access-date=2021-12-08 |publisher=News.alome.com |archive-date=2024-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241222221049/http://news.alome.com/h/9443.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sana'a == An haifi Patricia Dagban-Zonvide a ranar 17 ga watan Maris 1960 a [[Lomé]] kuma ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Tokoin. Tana da digiri na farko da na biyu a wasiƙun zamani daga [[Jami'ar Félix Houphouët-Boigny|Jami'ar ƙasa da ƙasa ta Ivory Coast,]] sannan ta yi digiri na biyu a fannin yanayin zafi daga [[Jami'ar Lomé|Jami'ar Benin]]. Daga shekarun 1982 ta koyar a Kwalejin Moderne a Dabou, [[Ivory Coast]] da makarantar samari a Bingerville. Ta koma Togo bayan shekaru goma a ƙasashen waje don koyarwa a manyan makarantu da kuma Cibiyar Bincike da Nazarin Harshe ta Duniya (CIREL).<ref name=lome>{{cite news|title=Législatives 2013 au Togo: 5 Femmes, 5 parcours réussis / 1 DEFI : La Conquête du Grand Lomé – Togoportail|url=http://www.togoportail.net/2013/07/legislatives-2013-au-togo-5-femmes-5-parcours-reussis-1-defi-la-conquete-du-grand-lome/|accessdate=23 November 2017|work=Togo Portail|date=24 July 2013|language=fr-FR|archive-date=2 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202033631/http://www.togoportail.net/2013/07/legislatives-2013-au-togo-5-femmes-5-parcours-reussis-1-defi-la-conquete-du-grand-lome/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta yi karatun digiri na uku a Afirka da adabin kwatance daga [[Jami'ar Lomé]] sannan ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa a fannin fasaha da ɗan adam a jami'ar. Dagban-Zonvide tana da aure kuma tana da ’ya’ya biyu. An naɗa Dagban-Zonvide ministar ci gaban mata a watan Yulin 2012 a kungiyar [[Faure Gnassingbé|Faure Gnassingbe]] na gwamnatin Jamhuriyar. Ta karɓi matsayin a hukumance a ranar 1 ga watan Agusta 2012, a wani biki na yau da kullum tare da minista mai barin gado [[Henriette Kouévi-Amédjogbé]].<ref name=TT>{{cite news|title=MME PATRICIA DAGBAN- ZONVIDE SUCCEDE A MME HENRIETTE KOUEVIAMEDJOGBE …|url=http://tvt.tg/mme-patricia-dagban-zonvide-succede-a-mme-henriette-koueviamedjogbe-au-ministere-de-la-promotion-de-la-femme/|accessdate=23 November 2017|work=Television Togolaise|date=5 April 2014|url-status=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140405084908/http://tvt.tg/mme-patricia-dagban-zonvide-succede-a-mme-henriette-koueviamedjogbe-au-ministere-de-la-promotion-de-la-femme/|archivedate=5 April 2014}}</ref> Dagban-Zonvide ta kasance kan gaba a jerin jam'iyyar Lomé a zaɓen watan Yuli na 2013 amma an cire ta daga muƙamin minista a watan Satumba na wannan shekarar.<ref>{{cite news|title=Togo’s poll hopefuls make final pitches {{!}} IOL News|url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/africa/togos-poll-hopefuls-make-final-pitches-1551838|accessdate=23 November 2017|work=IOL South Africa|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ministres et candidats|url=http://www.republicoftogo.com/Toutes-les-rubriques/Politique/Ministres-et-candidats|website=République Togolaise|accessdate=23 November 2017|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Togo : Gouvernement Ahoomey-Zunu II, égal Ahoomey-Zunu I. Voilà!|url=http://www.27avril.com/blog/actualites/politiques/togo-gouvernement-ahoomey-zunu-ii-egal-ahoomey-zunu-i-voila|accessdate=23 November 2017|work=27avril.com|date=17 September 2013|language=fr-FR|archive-date=17 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017175644/https://www.27avril.com/blog/actualites/politiques/togo-gouvernement-ahoomey-zunu-ii-egal-ahoomey-zunu-i-voila|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministres et candidats |url=http://www.republicoftogo.com/Toutes-les-rubriques/Politique/Ministres-et-candidats |access-date=23 November 2017 |website=République Togolaise |language=fr}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2015 ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaban majalisar dokoki ta 3.<ref>{{cite news|title=Togo - Election presidentielle du 25 avril 2015 - Patricia Dagban-Zonvide mobilise lelectorat des cantons de Be et Baguida pour le candidat de lUNIR|url=http://news.icilome.com/?idnews=805297&t=visite-du-roi-du-maroc-en-chine-pour-la-concretisation-d-un-partenariat-strategique-multidimensionnel-et-de-haute-qualite|accessdate=23 November 2017|work=Afree Press|language=fr|archive-date=18 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018072546/https://news.icilome.com/?idnews=805297&t=visite-du-roi-du-maroc-en-chine-pour-la-concretisation-d-un-partenariat-strategique-multidimensionnel-et-de-haute-qualite|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1960]] pnwci233uxqk32pmpdkcoxevedm6gpa 0 100549 863041 828826 2026-06-21T13:18:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} The Movement for Black Lives ('''M4BL''') haɗin gwiwa ne na kungiyoyi sama da 50 da ke wakiltar buƙatun [[Bakar fata|Al'ummomin baƙar fata]] a duk faɗin Amurka.<ref name="Newkirk">{{Cite web |last=Newkirk |first=Vann R. II |date=August 3, 2016 |title=The Permanence of Black Lives Matter |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/08/movement-black-lives-platform/494309/ |website=The Atlantic}}</ref> Membobin sun haɗa da Black Lives Matter Network, Taron Ƙasa na Black Lawyers, da Cibiyar Ella Baker da 'Yancin Ɗan Adam.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us – The Movement for Black Lives |url=https://policy.m4bl.org/about/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502120213/https://policy.m4bl.org/about/ |archive-date=May 2, 2019 |access-date=August 4, 2016 |website=Movement for Black Lives |publisher=policy.m4bl.org}}</ref> Ƙungiyoyi kamar su Color of Change, Race Forward, Brooklyn Movement Center, PolicyLink, Million Women March Cleveland, da ONE DC sun goyi bayan su, kuma haɗin gwiwar tana karɓar sadarwa da goyon baya daga wata kungiya mai suna Blackbird. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Arnold |first=Eric K. |date=2017 |title=The BLM Effect: Hashtags, History and Race |journal=Race, Poverty & the Environment |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=8–15 |issn=1532-2874 |jstor=44687751}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga watan Yuli, 2015 ƙungiyar ta fara taro a Jami'ar Jihar Cleveland inda tsakanin a shekarun 1,500 zuwa 2,000 masu fafutuka suka taru don shiga cikin tattaunawa da zanga-zanga. Da farko taron ya yi yunƙurin "dabarun hanyoyin da ƙungiyar Movement for Black Lives za ta yi wa jami'an tsaro alhakin ayyukansu a matakin ƙasa".<ref name="about2017">{{Cite news|title=About Us – The Movement for Black Lives|language=en-US|work=The Movement for Black Lives|url=https://policy.m4bl.org/about/|url-status=dead|access-date=March 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502120213/https://policy.m4bl.org/about/|archive-date=May 2, 2019}}</ref><ref name="cleveland2015">{{Cite news|last=Morice|first=Jane|date=July 25, 2015|title=Thousands of 'freedom fighters' in Cleveland for first national Black Lives Matter conference|language=en-US|work=cleveland.com|url=https://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2015/07/thousands_of_freedom_fighters.html|access-date=March 7, 2017}}</ref><ref name="bernard2017">{{Cite news|last=Bernard|first=Tanya Lucia|date=August 7, 2015|title=The Movement for Black Lives Convening: An Offering of Love|language=en-US|work=The Root|url=http://www.theroot.com/the-movement-for-black-lives-convening-an-offering-of-1790860722|access-date=March 7, 2017}}</ref> Duk da haka, taron ya haifar da samar da wani motsi mai mahimmanci na zamantakewa. A ƙarshen taron kwanaki uku, a ranar 26 ga watan Yuli, kungiyar Movement for Black Lives ta kaddamar da "tsari na kiran kungiyoyin ƙananan hukumomi da na ƙasa don samar da haɗin kai". <ref name="about2017" /> Tsawon shekaru na wannan shekara ya haifar da kafa dandalin ƙungiya wanda ke bayyana manufofi, buƙatu, da manufofin da Movement for Black Lives ke goyon bayan su don cimma "'yantar da" al'ummomin baƙaƙen fata a faɗin Amurka. <ref name="about2017" /> Bayan kisan gillar da aka yi wa George Floyd, M4BL ta fitar da Dokar BREATHE, wacce ta yi kira da a aiwatar da sauye-sauyen majalisa game da aikin 'yan sanda. Kudirin dokar ya haɗa da kiraye-kirayen janyewa daga aikin ‘yan sanda da sake saka jari kai tsaye zuwa albarkatun al’umma da kuma wasu hanyoyin ba da agajin gaggawa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Byrd |first=Jessica |date=July 14, 2020 |title=The Genius of Resilience: Toward a New, Black National Convention |url=https://www.theroot.com/the-genius-of-resilience-toward-a-new-black-national-1844367817 |access-date=2020-07-18 |website=The Root |language=en-us}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2020, Movement for Black Lives ta fitar da buƙatun manufofi don mayar da martani ga [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|cutar ta COVID-19]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Edwards |first=Breanna |date=March 31, 2020 |title=Movement For Black Lives Releases Policy Demands In Response To COVID-19 |url=https://www.essence.com/news/movement-for-black-lives-policy-demands-coronavirus-m4bl/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404025705/https://www.essence.com/news/movement-for-black-lives-policy-demands-coronavirus-m4bl/ |archive-date=April 4, 2020 |access-date=April 24, 2020 |website=Essence |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ƙungiya == Deva Woodly, Farfesa a fannin Siyasa a jami’ar The New School, ta bayyana The Movement for Black Lives a lokacin zanga-zangar George Floyd a matsayin “ƙungiya-madaidaiciya da ta haɗa da tarin ƙungiyoyin gwagwarmaya a faɗin ƙasar,” wadda ta baiwa mutane damar “hade hanyoyin dake nuna matsalolin da ake fama da su a yanzu da kuma tushen matsalolin.”<ref>{{Cite web|last=Woodly|first=Deva|title=An American Reckoning|url=https://publicseminar.org/essays/an-american-reckoning/|access-date=2020-07-02|website=Public Seminar|date=June 4, 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref> === Tsarin yanke shawara === M4BL tana aiki ne ta hanyar tsarin "hub-and-spoke" mara cibiyar iko, inda kowace reshe ta gari (kamar BYP100) ke da ’yancin kansu yayin da suke haɗin kai da rukuni-rukunin aiki na ƙasa guda shida. Takardun cikin gida sun nuna cewa kashi 73% na yanke shawarar kuɗi ana yin su ne ta wurin majalisun yankuna da ’yan gwagwarmaya na ƙasa suka kafa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=m4bl.org |url=https://m4bl.org/organizational-structure }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Wannan tsari ya fuskanci suka a lokacin sauyin shugabanci na shekarar 2022, inda wasu membobi suka zargi rassan da suka fi arziƙi da rinjaye a yanke shawara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=www.washingtonpost.com |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2022/08/14/blm-internal-tensions/}}</ref> === Manufa da bayanai === {{Progressivism}}Manufar ƙungiyar, da aka fitar a watan Agustan 2016, mai taken *A Vision for Black Lives: Policy Demands for Black Power, Freedom and Justice*, ta ƙunshi buƙatu guda shida:<ref>{{Cite news|last=Lee|first=Trymaine|date=August 1, 2016|title=Black Lives Matter Releases Policy Agenda|language=en-US|work=NBC News|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/black-lives-matter-releases-policy-agenda-n620966|access-date=2020-07-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Platform – The Movement for Black Lives|url=https://policy.m4bl.org/platform/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828130258/https://policy.m4bl.org/platform/|archive-date=August 28, 2016|access-date=September 15, 2016|website=policy.m4bl.org}}</ref> # A dakatar da yaƙi da bakar fata. # Diyya saboda bautar da aka yi a Amurka da kuma munanan abubuwan da suka biyo baya. # A daina zuba jari a cibiyoyin da ke daure da cutar da bakar fata; a mayar da hankali wajen jari ga ilimi, lafiya da tsaron rayuwar bakar fata. # Adalcin tattalin arziki ga kowa da kowa da sake gina tsarin tattalin arziki domin al’ummomi su mallaki dukiya tare, ba kawai su samu damar shiga ba. # Sarrafa dokoki, cibiyoyi da manufofi da suka fi shafar rayuwarmu ta hanyar haɗin kan al’umma. # Ƙarfi a siyasa da ikon yanke hukunci na bakar fata a dukkan fannoni na rayuwa. M4BL na ganin cewa biyar diyya wani abu ne mai yiwuwa kuma yana da tushe, duba da diyya da aka biya wa manoman bakar fata a shekarar 2012.<ref name="Repar">{{Cite web | publisher=Movement For Black Lives | author=National African American Reparations Commission | author-link=National African American Reparations Commission | pages=1–12 | title=HR 40 Primer : Seize The Time! | url=https://m4bl.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/NCOBRA-HR40-Primer.pdf | number=#HR 40 | access-date=2025-06-26 | archive-date=2025-07-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250706201635/https://m4bl.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/NCOBRA-HR40-Primer.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekarar 2023-2024, ƙungiyar ta fitar da bayani cewa “muna buƙatar dakatar da harin gaggawa da kuma kawo ƙarshen mamayar yankin Falasɗinu da Amurka ke mara wa baya,” tare da alƙawarin “ƙi yayyafa wa kisan ƙare dangi da ake yi a Gaza.”<ref>{{cite web | url=https://m4bl.org/statements/movement-for-black-lives-statement-on-us-backed-occupation-of-palestine/ | title=Movement for Black Lives Calls for an Immediate End to the U.S.-Backed Occupation of Palestine }}</ref> === Kuɗi da tallafin cibiyoyi === Bayan da ƙungiyar ta fitar da manufofinta a 2016, ƙungiyoyi 50 sun bayyana goyon bayansu. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukanta shi ne kafa Asusun Gwagwarmayar Bakar Fata (BLMF) ta hannun ƙungiyar bada tallafi ta Borealis Philanthropy. Wannan asusu an kafa shi don tallafa wa M4BL, kuma yana da burin haɗa gudummawar dala miliyan 100 ga ƙungiyar, tare da taimaka mata wajen haɓaka ƙarfinta na cikin gida.<ref>{{Cite web|last=McGirt|first=Ellen|date=August 8, 2016|title=raceAhead: Why Ford Foundation Is Underwriting Black Lives Matter|url=https://fortune.com/2016/08/08/raceahead-why-ford-foundation-is-underwriting-black-lives-matter/|access-date=2020-07-31|website=Fortune magazine|language=en}}</ref> == Manyan abubuwa == === Zanga-zangar Jami’ar Cleveland State === A ranar 24 ga Yuli, 2015, mutane daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasar Amurka suka taru a Jami’ar Cleveland State domin nuna damuwa kan cin zarafin da ’yan sanda ke yi wa al’ummar bakar fata. Musamman, rasuwar mutanen da suka haɗa da Michael Brown, Eric Garner, da Tamir Rice ne suka ƙarfafa buƙatar wannan taro a tsakanin al’ummar bakar fata. A lokacin taron wanda ya ɗauki kwanaki uku (24–26 ga Yuli), masu fafutuka sun halarci muhawarori, kallon fina-finai gajeru, da kuma bitoci da aka shirya domin inganta ƙwarewar masu neman mafita kan matsalolin da ke addabar bakar fata. Taron na Jami’ar Cleveland State ana ɗaukar sa a matsayin babban taron farko na ƙungiyar Movement for Black Lives, inda mutane fiye da 1,500 suka halarta. Daga bisani, masu fafutuka daga wannan taron suka ɗauki matakin kafa ƙungiyar Movement for Black Lives ta hukuma tare da tsara manufofin da za su zama jagora ga masu fafutuka daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasar domin kawo ƙarshen cin zarafin ’yan sanda da nuna wariya ga bakar fata a Amurka.<ref name="cleveland2015" /><ref name="bernard2017" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Walker|first=Carol Carter|date=August 31, 2015|title=The Movement For Black Lives Convening In Cleveland—A Transformative Experience|url=https://sidewithlove.org/ourstories/a-transformative-experience|access-date=March 15, 2017|website=Standing on the Side of Love|archive-date=December 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211131738/https://sidewithlove.org/ourstories/a-transformative-experience|url-status=dead}}</ref> Taron ya samu ƙarin kulawar kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa baki ɗaya, a ranar ƙarshe na taron, lokacin da wani jami’in Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (RTA) ya fesa barkonon tsohuwa ga taron gungun masu zanga-zanga da yawancinsu bakar fata da ke da nisan kadan daga Jami’ar Cleveland State. Gungun sun taru ne sakamakon cafke wani yaro bakar fata da wani jami’in RTA ya yi saboda ya sha giya. A cewar hukumomi, matashin ya kasa kula da kansa saboda yawan shan giya, kuma hakan ya sa suka ga ya dace a tsare shi. Yayin da ake tsare yaron, mutane suka kewaye motar ’yan sanda domin nuna adawa, kuma domin warware hanyar motar, jami’in ’yan sandan sufuri ya fesa barkonon tsohuwa ga masu zanga-zanga. Wannan lamari ya jawo suka daga kungiyoyi masu kare haƙƙin bil’adama irin su ACLU na Ohio, inda suka ce amfani da barkonon tsohuwa wajen tarwatsa mutane yana da matsala.<ref>{{Cite news|date=July 30, 2015|title=ACLU Questions RTA Police Pepper Spray Incident at Close of Movement for Black Lives Convening|work=Targeted News Service|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1700329726/|access-date=March 15, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Yang|first=Jessica|date=July 30, 2015|title=RTA Officer Pepper Sprays Movement for Black Lives Gathering at CSU|work=University Wire; Carlsbad|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1770432115/|access-date=March 15, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Larimer|first=Sarah|date=July 27, 2015|title=Cleveland Authorities Investigating Officer Who Pepper-Sprayed 'Black Lives' Activists|newspaper=Washington Post|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1702098777/|access-date=March 15, 2017}}</ref> === Nuna goyon bayan wasanni na ƙwararru === ’Yan wasa daga fannoni daban-daban na wasanni na ƙwararru a Amurka sun nuna goyon bayansu ga wannan motsi ta hanyar gudanar da zanga-zanga. A shekarar 2016, ɗan wasan ƙwallon kafa Colin Kaepernick ya zaɓi durƙusawa yayin da ake rera taken ƙasa a wani wasan NFL. A lokacin hirar bayan wasa, Kaepernick ya bayyana da cewa, “Ba zan tsaya domin nuna alfahari da tutar ƙasa da ke zaluntar bakar fata da sauran masu launin fata ba.”<ref>{{Cite news|date=August 27, 2016|title=Colin Kaepernick explains why he sat during national anthem|language=en|work=NFL|url=https://www.nfl.com/news/colin-kaepernick-explains-why-he-sat-during-national-anthem-0ap3000000691077|access-date=March 15, 2017}}</ref> Kaepernick da wasu ’yan wasa sun fuskanci suka mai tsanani saboda wannan ɗabi’a a lokacin kakar wasan 2016, har da fuskantar suka daga Alkalin Kotun Ƙoli Ruth Bader Ginsburg, wacce ta ce, “Shin zan kama su saboda hakan? A’a… amma hakan ba da hankali ba ne kuma rashin girmamawa ne.”<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bieler|first=Des|date=October 12, 2016|title=Colin Kaepernick responds to Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg's criticism of anthem protests|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/early-lead/wp/2016/10/12/colin-kaepernick-responds-to-justice-ruth-bader-ginsburgs-criticism-of-anthem-protests/|access-date=March 16, 2017|newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref> Duk da cewa wannan mataki ya jawo ra’ayoyi masu ɗimbin yawa, amma ya sanya batun rayuwar bakar fata a gaba da gaba cikin tattaunawar ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sandritter|first=Mark|date=September 11, 2016|title=All the athletes who joined Kaepernick's national anthem protest|url=https://www.sbnation.com/2016/9/11/12869726/colin-kaepernick-national-anthem-protest-seahawks-brandon-marshall-nfl|access-date=March 16, 2017|website=SBNation|publisher=Vox Media}}</ref> ’Yan wasa daga sauran wasannin ƙwararru kamar NBA suma sun shiga cikin nuna goyon baya ga motsin. A 2016, LeBron James, Chris Paul, Dwyane Wade, da Carmelo Anthony sun hau mataki a bikin ESPY domin bayar da “kiran aiki” dangane da harbe-harben da aka yi wa Philando Castile da Alton Sterling, da kuma mutuwar ’yan sanda biyar da aka kashe a Dallas. Wadannan taurarin NBA sun yi amfani da damar wajen ƙarfafa hadin kai a tsakanin masu ra’ayoyi daban-daban. Dwyane Wade ya ce, “Dakata da nuna wariya bisa launin fata… amma kuma ramuwar gayya ma ta daina. Ya isa haka.” Sun ƙara da kiran Amurkawa da su “ƙi duk wani tashin hankali,” su maida hankali kan sake gina al’ummomin da ke daure da juna.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bieler|first=Des|date=July 13, 2016|title=NBA superstars issue 'call to action' for fellow athletes in appearance at ESPYs|newspaper=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/early-lead/wp/2016/07/13/nba-superstars-issue-call-to-action-for-fellow-athletes-in-appearance-at-espys/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Huddleston|first=Tom|date=July 14, 2016|title=LeBron James and Fellow NBA Stars Call for Nonviolence at ESPYs|work=Fortune|url=https://fortune.com/2016/07/14/epsys-gun-violence-lebron-james/|access-date=March 16, 2017}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|last1=Ockerman|first1=Emma|last2=Chan|first2=Rosalie|date=July 7, 2016|title=Thousands of New Yorkers Protest Police Shootings of Black Men|magazine=Time|url=https://time.com/4397693/minnesota-shooting-police-new-york-protests/|access-date=March 16, 2017|archive-date=March 16, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316113430/http://time.com/4397693/minnesota-shooting-police-new-york-protests/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Yajin Aiki don Rayuwar Bakar Fata === A ranar 20 ga Yuli, 2020, ƙungiyar Movement for Black Lives tare da wasu ƙungiyoyi fiye da 60 ciki har da wasu ɗaruruwan ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago, sun shirya yajin aikin Strike for Black Lives. A matsayin wani ɓangare na zanga-zangar George Floyd da kuma motsin Black Lives Matter gaba ɗaya, yajin aikin ya ƙunshi ficewar ma’aikata a fadin ƙasar don neman adalci na kabilanci da tattalin arziki.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Billings|first=Kevin|date=July 20, 2020|title=Thousands Of Workers To Participate In 'Strike For Black Lives' Protests|url=https://www.ibtimes.com/thousands-workers-participate-strike-black-lives-protests-3014077|access-date=July 23, 2020|website=International Business Times|publisher=IBT Media}}</ref> == Karɓuwa == Ƙungiyoyi kamar National Council of Asian Pacific Americans, ACLU na Arewacin California, da National Council of Jewish Women sun nuna goyon bayansu ga Gwagwarmayar Rayukan Baƙaƙe (Movement for Black Lives) ta hanyar fitar da bayani a fili bayan wallafa manufofinta da ya jawo cece-kuce. Kiran da Gwagwarmayar Rayukan Baƙaƙe ta yi na gyaran tsarin shari’a da kawo ƙarshen cin zarafin ‘yan sanda ya samu karɓuwa daga ƙungiyoyin rajin kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam. A cikin wata sanarwa, National Council of Jewish Women ta bayyana da cewa, "NCJW tana tabbatar da cewa rayukan baƙaƙe na da muhimmanci, ciki har da Yahudawa masu launin fata, waɗanda sune muhimmin ɓangare na al’ummominmu na Yahudawa da NCJW. Muna gane cewa al’ummomin baƙaƙe da na Yahudawa suna da alaƙa mai ƙarfi, kuma gwagwarmayarmu don adalci na zamantakewa tana haɗe da juna." <ref name="proquest2016">{{Cite news|date=August 8, 2016|title=NCJW Responds to Movement for Black Lives Platform|work=Targeted News Service|id={{ProQuest|1810281606}}}}</ref>{{pb}} Gwagwarmayar Rayukan Baƙaƙe ta samu ƙarin goyon baya daga Democracy for America bayan fitar da kundin manufofinta. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan manufofin wannan gwagwarmaya shine haɓaka tsarin dimokuraɗiyya wanda zai fi wakiltar al’ummomin baƙaƙe a Amurka. Ƙungiyoyi da dama na siyasa sun nuna haɗin kai da M4BL domin, a cewar Democracy for America, ana ganin ta a matsayin "mabuɗin tattaunawa mai ma’ana da ta ƙunshe da sakamako waɗanda shugabannin yanzu da masu zuwa na jam’iyyar Democrat za su yi da al’ummomin da suke wakilta." <ref name="gale2016">"Democracy for America Endorses Movement for Black Lives Policy Platform; For Editor Vail (speech)." ''Targeted News Service'', 7 Dec. 2016. ''Infotrac Newsstand'', http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=STND&sw=w&u=lom_umichanna&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA472997999&sid=summon&asid=c843213d4a832dfeadc34b9f83316ea6{{Dead link|date=September 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Accessed 7 Mar. 2017.</ref> Bugu da ƙari, manufofin wannan gwagwarmaya na haɓaka sauyi a fannoni na tattalin arziki, siyasa da zamantakewa sun bayar da wata "ƙa’ida mai ƙarfi" ga ‘yan majalisa masu zuwa don su fahimci matsalolin da ke addabar al’ummomin baƙaƙe da kuma nemo mafita.{{pb}} A shekarar 2016, Ford Foundation ta haɗu da Borealis Philanthropy, wata ƙungiyar tallafi, domin kafa wata asusu mai suna "Black-Led Movement Fund" da nufin "samar da dala miliyan 100 domin tallafawa Gwagwarmayar Rayukan Baƙaƙe." <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fortune.com/2016/08/08/funding-black-lives-matter-ford/|title=Who Is Funding Black Lives Matter: Ford Foundation|last=McGirt|first=Ellen|website=Fortune|access-date=2017-06-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fordfoundation.org/ideas/equals-change-blog/posts/why-black-lives-matter-to-philanthropy/|title=Why black lives matter to philanthropy|website=Ford Foundation|date=July 19, 2016 |access-date=2017-06-24}}</ref> Ko da yake Ford Foundation ta dakatar da wannan jarin gaba ɗaya daga baya, har yanzu tana bai wa ƙungiyoyi kuɗaɗe masu yawa don goyon bayan adalci na launin fata. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Grants All|url=https://www.fordfoundation.org/work/our-grants/grants-database/grants-all?page=2|access-date=2021-07-18|website=Ford Foundation|language=en}}</ref> BLMF ta raba tallafi kaɗan-kaɗan ga ƙungiyoyi da dama a cikin wannan gwagwarmaya. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://borealisphilanthropy.org/grantmaking/black-led-movement-fund/grantees/|title=Grantees|work=Borealis Philanthropy|access-date=2017-06-24|language=en-US|archive-date=November 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122005538/https://borealisphilanthropy.org/grantmaking/black-led-movement-fund/grantees/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Zuwa ƙarshen shekarar 2020, Borealis Philanthropy ta raba dala miliyan 5.4 ga ƙungiyoyin tushe domin tallafawa M4BL. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-10|title=The Black-led Movement Fund Moves $5.4 Million to Grassroots Organizations in Fall 2020 - Borealis Philanthropy|url=https://borealisphilanthropy.org/blmf-moves-over-5million-fall-2020/|access-date=2021-07-18|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718175132/https://borealisphilanthropy.org/blmf-moves-over-5million-fall-2020/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Akwai matsanancin rashin jin daɗi daga ƙungiyoyin Yahudawa dangane da kundin manufofin Gwagwarmayar Rayukan Baƙaƙe na shekarar 2016, <ref>{{Cite news|title=Jewish groups condemn Black Lives Matter platform for accusing 'apartheid' Israel of 'genocide'|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/jewish-allies-condemn-black-lives-matters-apartheid-platform-1.5421194|access-date=2020-06-14|newspaper=Haaretz|language=en|archive-date=2020-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614002821/https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/jewish-allies-condemn-black-lives-matters-apartheid-platform-1.5421194|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-08-05|title=Why the Black Lives Matter Platform's False Accusation of Israeli 'Genocide' Was So Damaging|url=https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/news/articles/from-left-to-right-jewish-groups-condemn-repellent-black-lives-matter-claim-of-israeli-genocide|access-date=2020-06-14|website=Tablet Magazine|language=en}}</ref> inda M4BL ta bayyana cewa "[Amurka] tana amfani da haɗin guiwa da Isra'ila don halatta kuma ci gaba da yaƙin da take da 'yan ta'adda a duniya, kuma tana da hannu cikin kisan ƙare dangi da ake yi wa al’ummar Palasɗinu", da cewa "Isra’ila ƙasa ce ta wariyar launin fata", da cewa "[Amurka] ta bayar da kuɗaɗen gina katangar wariya." <ref>{{cite web |title=Invest–Divest |work=The Movement for Black Lives |url=https://policy.m4bl.org/invest-divest/ |publisher=Movement for Black Lives |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200212055703/https://policy.m4bl.org/invest-divest/ |archive-date=12 February 2020}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=June 2020}} A watan Agusta na 2020, Gwagwarmayar Rayukan Baƙaƙe tare da fiye da ƙungiyoyi 100 na hagu, ciki har da Council on American-Islamic Relations, Jewish Voice for Peace da Jews for Racial and Economic Justice, sun sanya hannu a wata wasiƙar bude wadda ke kira da a katse hulɗa da Anti-Defamation League (ADL) saboda goyon bayanta ga Isra’ila. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-13|title=Left-wing activists call for boycott of Anti-Defamation League|url=https://forward.com/fast-forward/452610/left-wing-activists-call-for-boycott-of-anti-defamation-league/|access-date=2020-08-24|website=Forward.com\language=en}}; [https://droptheadl.org/ Open letter to progressives: The ADL is not an ally.] ''droptheadl.org'', August 2020.</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} m9mjeqoukotcmahkvfdpmkzagdmzggu 0 101085 863817 800272 2026-06-22T11:18:16Z Aisha Indo 46229 /* */ 863817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Long boi''' (kafin 2018 - Afrilu 2023) wani doki ne mai tsayi wanda ba a saba gani ba wanda ya rayu a Kwalejin Derwent, Jami'ar York, Ingila. An yi tunanin giciyen Gudun Gudun Indiya ne-Mallard, wanda ya yi fice a cikin sauran agwagi a harabar saboda tsayinsa. Ya shiga hoto kuma ya zama memba na intanet a shekarar 2021. Shahararsa ta gan shi ya zama mascot mara izini ga jami'a.<ref>longboiyork (3 May 2023). "Dear followers, fans and friends of Long Boi" – via Instagram.</ref><ref>Barton, Andrew (1 August 2023). "Long Boi: £5.5k raised for statue of missing University of York duck". ''BBC News''. Retrieved 7 August 2023</ref> Aƙalla wani mai sharhi ya yi masa lakabi da 'Shahararren agwagi na Biritaniya'. A cikin Mayun shekarar 2023, Long Boi an yi zaton ya mutu, ba a gan shi a harabar ba tsawon makonni.[4][5] An gudanar da taron tunawa da Long Boi a ranar 26 ga Satumba 2024, wanda Greg James ya jagoranta kuma aka watsa shi kai tsaye a gidan rediyon BBC 1, kuma ya ƙare tare da buɗe wani mutum-mutumi na tagulla na Long Boi.<ref>Harvey, James (11 May 2023). "In memory of Long Boi - Britain's most famous duck". ''WhyNow''. Retrieved 16 May 2023.</ref>h == Tarihin Rayuwa == An san kadan game da asalin Long Boi, kodayake an yi imanin cewa an bar shi a harabar Jami'ar York a matsayin dabbar da ba a so.[7] Dalibai sun ciyar da shi don taimaka masa ya zauna a cikin sabon gidansa, suna lura cewa da farko bai dace da sauran agwagi ba.[8] Long Boi ya ciyar da mafi yawan lokacinsa a kusa da Heslington Fish Pond kusa da Kwalejin Derwent, inda a ƙarshe ya haɗa tare da sauran tsuntsayen ruwa na harabar. Abokansa sun haɗa da wani ɗan ƙaramin gwangwani ɗan gudun hijira na Indiya mai suna Chonky Boi, wasu mallards mata, da agwagwan mandarin namiji mai suna Fancy Boi.<ref>ernando, Christine. "Meet Long Boi, a big (but not the biggest) duck that's become a 'superstar' at the University of York". ''USA Today''. Archived from the original on 9 December 2022. Retrieved 9 December2022.</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> joca9cgv6g3p74i90uxyzvoaid899t4 0 108231 863424 674953 2026-06-21T18:51:06Z Merjoor 14653 863424 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}'''Kwamishinan Bayanai na Scotland''' (Scottish Gaelic) yana da alhakin ingantawa da aiwatar da Dokar 'Yancin Bayanai (Scotland) 2002 (FOISA) da Dokokin Bayanai na Muhalli (Scotlands) 2004 (Scottic EIRs). Kwamishinan Bayanai na Scotland na yanzu shine David Hamilton wanda ya hau mulki a ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2023. == Tarihi == Wannan dokar ta haifar da dubban buƙatu ga hukumomin gwamnati na [[Scotland]] da bayanai. Sau da yawa waɗannan sun haɗa da manyan batutuwa, masu rikitarwa ko batutuwa masu mahimmanci, waɗanda dole ne a warware su lokacin da aka yi kira ga Kwamishinan. Kwamishinan yana daukar ma'aikata 21 a [[St Andrews]], [[Fife]], Scotland, don taimaka masa yayi bincike da yanke shawara kan shari'o'i, samar da bayanai ga jama'a game da hakkinsu, da kuma tantance ko hukumomin jama'a na Scotland suna bin kyakkyawan aiki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Scottish Information Commissioner: Practice Assessments |url=http://www.itspublicknowledge.info/ScottishPublicAuthorities/ComplianceEnforcement.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100829083138/http://www.itspublicknowledge.info/ScottishPublicAuthorities/ComplianceEnforcement.asp |archive-date=29 August 2010 |access-date=22 October 2010}}</ref> 48u10jma4uwzqtxom1octn74z1ctkgn 0 114144 863326 700436 2026-06-21T16:07:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Mutabbaq Samak (kuma mutabbak, ko im'tabbag simach ( Larabci مطبق سمك)) abincin shinkafa ne da ya shahara a jihohin Larabawa na Tekun Fasha da kuma a wasu garuruwan kudancin Iraki . Ana soyayyen kifi ne mai yaji, yawanci Stromateus da albasar caramelized akan shinkafar da aka dafa a cikin kayan kifin da aka yi da kyau. Kifi na iya zama cikakken kifi ko filayen kifi. [1] Ana ɗaukar tasa a matsayin abinci na ƙasa a Iraki da Kuwait inda ake furta tasa a cikin yarukansu guda biyu a matsayin " im'tabbag simach ". A cikin Arabiya, ana ƙara zabibi, cardamom da broth tumatir ma. == Tarihi == Kalmar "mutabbaq" ( [[Larabci]] : مطبق ) a Larabci tana nufin "mai lebur" yayin da "samak" ( [[Larabci]] : سمك ) a Larabci tana nufin "kifi". Hakan dai na nuni ne da yadda aka shirya wannan abincin a tarihi, inda aka zuba kifaye da shinkafa da kuma biredi a cikin tukunyar da ake jujjuyawa a lokacin da za a kai. A yau, girke-girke ya zama mai sauƙi wanda aka saba samun duk wani soyayyen kifi a kan shinkafa, ana kiransa Mutabbaq Samak. Wani lokaci ana ƙara soyayyen kifi tare da kayan kifin a cikin tukunyar shinkafa . Mutabbaq Samak wani lokaci ana ado da goro da yankakken faski a yi masa hidima da salatin Larabawa . Sau da yawa ana la'akari da abincin ta'aziyya . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Delights from the Garden of Eden – Events, reviews, interviews for Delights, second edition |url=https://www.iraqicookbook.com/reviews_press_for_delights |access-date=2020-01-25 |website=www.iraqicookbook.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Zohir |first=Samar |date=2015-10-31 |title=وصفه مصوره مطبق سمك |url=https://www.lazezh.com/recipe-3230/ |access-date=2020-01-25 |website=لذيذه |language=ar |archive-date=2020-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125182603/https://www.lazezh.com/recipe-3230/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Murtabak|Murtabaq]], wani abinci ne da aka fi sani da shi wanda ba a san shi ba a ƙasashen Larabawa na Tekun Fasha * Abincin Larabawa * Mesofotamiya abinci * Kuwaiti abinci * Saudi Arabian abinci * Jerin jita-jita na casserole * Jerin jita-jita na shinkafa {{Reflist}} 2y8p383y8tm30hxkiftuim89w4p4yyj 0 114503 863188 702537 2026-06-21T15:05:23Z Matar Nasir 45916 /* Tatalin arziki */ 863188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Fulani people.jpg|thumb|mutanen fulani]] Gatarwa kauye me dake karkashin karamar Hukumar Daura,Mutanen gatarwa hausawane da Kuma fulani,sannan Kuma kauye be da yake Gabashin Jihar katsina Kuma arewacin Nigeria ==Tatalin arziki== Mutanen gatarawa Suna da hanyoyin tatalin arziki da Suka hada da kiwo,noma da kuma kasuwanci, ==Al'adu== Mutanen gazarwa Suna da al'adu Wanda suka gada kaka da kakani inda suke bada gudunmuwa Wajen Gudanar da baban taro na al'ada a karamar Hukumar Daura wato sallar gani.<ref>Karaye, Ibrahim, J. Philip, Shae. History of karaye. p.p 168-169 ISBN 978-125-341</ref> ==Yanayin sutura== Kamar yanda muka San hausawa da fulani sakan sa kaftani da Kuma kayan fulani Haka Suma suke shigarsu. ==Manazarta== gvh9lpuhodf8mp3exls1fyoxgv17fxv 863194 863188 2026-06-21T15:07:02Z Matar Nasir 45916 /* Tatalin arziki */ 863194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Fulani people.jpg|thumb|mutanen fulani]] Gatarwa kauye me dake karkashin karamar Hukumar Daura,Mutanen gatarwa hausawane da Kuma fulani,sannan Kuma kauye be da yake Gabashin Jihar katsina Kuma arewacin Nigeria ==Tatalin arziki== Mutanen gatarwa Suna da hanyoyin tatalin arziki da Suka hada da kiwo,noma da kuma kasuwanci, ==Al'adu== Mutanen gazarwa Suna da al'adu Wanda suka gada kaka da kakani inda suke bada gudunmuwa Wajen Gudanar da baban taro na al'ada a karamar Hukumar Daura wato sallar gani.<ref>Karaye, Ibrahim, J. Philip, Shae. History of karaye. p.p 168-169 ISBN 978-125-341</ref> ==Yanayin sutura== Kamar yanda muka San hausawa da fulani sakan sa kaftani da Kuma kayan fulani Haka Suma suke shigarsu. ==Manazarta== 334c8i75uq7ywxc7dnxl60htds2vben 863196 863194 2026-06-21T15:07:34Z Matar Nasir 45916 /* Al'adu */ 863196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Fulani people.jpg|thumb|mutanen fulani]] Gatarwa kauye me dake karkashin karamar Hukumar Daura,Mutanen gatarwa hausawane da Kuma fulani,sannan Kuma kauye be da yake Gabashin Jihar katsina Kuma arewacin Nigeria ==Tatalin arziki== Mutanen gatarwa Suna da hanyoyin tatalin arziki da Suka hada da kiwo,noma da kuma kasuwanci, ==Al'adu== Mutanen gatarwa Suna da al'adu Wanda suka gada kaka da kakani inda suke bada gudunmuwa Wajen Gudanar da baban taro na al'ada a karamar Hukumar Daura wato sallar gani.<ref>Karaye, Ibrahim, J. Philip, Shae. History of karaye. p.p 168-169 ISBN 978-125-341</ref> ==Yanayin sutura== Kamar yanda muka San hausawa da fulani sakan sa kaftani da Kuma kayan fulani Haka Suma suke shigarsu. ==Manazarta== irjvx265qmc5zs2lf4coai44m4zjb50 0 114504 863202 702536 2026-06-21T15:09:32Z Matar Nasir 45916 /* Sana'arsu */ 863202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Street Food in Daura.jpg|thumb|masu Saida abinci gargajiya a alfawa Daura lg]] Alfawa kauye ne da yake karkashin karamar Hukumar Daura,Jihar katsina.Mutanen kauyan sun hada da fulani da Kuma hausawa. ==Samuwarsa== Kauyen alfawa yasamu me ta Hanyar kauran da mutane suka rinkayi Daga garin Daura ta Hanyar kiwo da Kuma kasuwanci inda yake Gabashin garin Daura .<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Daura-Nigeria</ref> ==Sana'arsu== Kasantuwar yankin Daura yankin ne da akasani Mai cike da dumbin noma da kiwo Haka Mutanen alfawa ma suke Mafi akasarinsu manoma ne da makiyaya.Inda suke noman wake,dawa dakuma masara,da Kuma kiwon dabobi kamar su shanu tumakai da awakai. ==Abubuwan nishadi== Kauyen alfawa yanada baban tafki inda makiyaya me kiwo ,masu wanka da Kuma wanki Suna zuwa domin Jin dadi rayuwar kauye ta yau da kullum.<ref>Karaye, Ibrahim, J. Philip, Shae. History of karaye. p.p 168-169 ISBN 978-125-341</ref> ==Manazarta== 6jye4smdguiglsx8sslpn817wxrl3fm 863207 863202 2026-06-21T15:10:49Z Matar Nasir 45916 /* Abubuwan nishadi */ 863207 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Street Food in Daura.jpg|thumb|masu Saida abinci gargajiya a alfawa Daura lg]] Alfawa kauye ne da yake karkashin karamar Hukumar Daura,Jihar katsina.Mutanen kauyan sun hada da fulani da Kuma hausawa. ==Samuwarsa== Kauyen alfawa yasamu me ta Hanyar kauran da mutane suka rinkayi Daga garin Daura ta Hanyar kiwo da Kuma kasuwanci inda yake Gabashin garin Daura .<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Daura-Nigeria</ref> ==Sana'arsu== Kasantuwar yankin Daura yankin ne da akasani Mai cike da dumbin noma da kiwo Haka Mutanen alfawa ma suke Mafi akasarinsu manoma ne da makiyaya.Inda suke noman wake,dawa dakuma masara,da Kuma kiwon dabobi kamar su shanu tumakai da awakai. ==Abubuwan nishadi== Kauyen alfawa yanada baban tafki inda makiyaya masu kiwo ,masu wanka da Kuma wanki Suna zuwa domin Jin dadi rayuwar kauye ta yau da kullum.<ref>Karaye, Ibrahim, J. Philip, Shae. History of karaye. p.p 168-169 ISBN 978-125-341</ref> ==Manazarta== skk58jhhizbqn78s9rx99blpkry3iqm 0 114507 863214 702534 2026-06-21T15:12:59Z Matar Nasir 45916 /* Sana'arsu */ 863214 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Sani maikatanga 7.jpg|thumb|hkton kauyen ]] Daura Mai ruwa gari ne da yake a karkashin karamar Hukumar karaye,Jihar Kano.nigeriya,garin hausawa ne Wanda sunansa yake da kamanceceniya da garin daura Wanda akewa lakabi da Tushen hausa. <Ref>"Post Offices- with map of LGA"</ref> == Samuwarsa== Kauyen Daura Mai ruwa kauyene da ya samu ta Hanyar hijira Daga mazaunan garin karaye a karkashin garin karaye Mai girman 479 km² ==Sana'arsu== Mutanen Daura Mai ruwa Yawancinsu masunta ne, noma da kuma kiwo,inda suke noman hatsi kamar su dawa masara da Kuma Gero da Kuma sana'ar Su. ==Manazarta== pvrbebrkd2kmsdgj8fcg59edvrgwrdv 0 114546 863782 702674 2026-06-22T10:49:05Z Saad Nuhu 43323 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347934198|Bukar Usman]]" 863782 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Bukar Usman''' (an haife shi 10ga watan Disambar 1942) masanin tarihin Najeriya ne kuma masanin tarihi.1..........Sha'awarsa ta haɗa da batutuwa kamar tarihi, tatsuniyoyi da sharhi na siyasa. 2......... == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Bukar Usman a [[Biu]] a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]] a Najeriya.1......... Makarantarsa ta farko ita ce ilimin Alkur'ani a Karamar Hukumar Biu ta Jihar Borno, sannan ya ci gaba da makarantar sakandare a wannan wuri a shekarar 1951.1.........Ya tafi Kwalejin Sarakuna, Legas kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]], inda ya yi karatun tarihi.1......... == Littattafai == * ''Manufofin yada labarai da alhakin'' 1998 * ''Allah da Kakanninmu: Labaran Tarihi na Najeriya'' * ''Bride ba tare da wata matsala ba'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1942]] o0m2nn6ery1p08vlpn35j7jii2oph8q 863785 863782 2026-06-22T10:51:01Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863785 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Bukar Usman''' (an haife shi 10ga watan Disambar 1942) masanin tarihin Najeriya ne kuma masanin tarihi.<ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/12/18/bukar-usman-young-ones-must-be-encourage-to-speak-mother-tongue/</ref>Sha'awarsa ta haɗa da batutuwa kamar tarihi, tatsuniyoyi da sharhi na siyasa. 2......... == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Bukar Usman a [[Biu]] a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]] a Najeriya.1......... Makarantarsa ta farko ita ce ilimin Alkur'ani a Karamar Hukumar Biu ta Jihar Borno, sannan ya ci gaba da makarantar sakandare a wannan wuri a shekarar 1951.1.........Ya tafi Kwalejin Sarakuna, Legas kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]], inda ya yi karatun tarihi.1......... == Littattafai == * ''Manufofin yada labarai da alhakin'' 1998 * ''Allah da Kakanninmu: Labaran Tarihi na Najeriya'' * ''Bride ba tare da wata matsala ba'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1942]] 356xuy2lfkmb2s9gelk4e1l3yuo3c3n 863787 863785 2026-06-22T10:51:37Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863787 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Bukar Usman''' (an haife shi 10ga watan Disambar 1942) masanin tarihin Najeriya ne kuma masanin tarihi.<ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/12/18/bukar-usman-young-ones-must-be-encourage-to-speak-mother-tongue/</ref>Sha'awarsa ta haɗa da batutuwa kamar tarihi, tatsuniyoyi da sharhi na siyasa.<ref>https://guardian.ng/art/bukar-usman-an-administrator-quintessential-man-of-letters/</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Bukar Usman a [[Biu]] a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]] a Najeriya.1......... Makarantarsa ta farko ita ce ilimin Alkur'ani a Karamar Hukumar Biu ta Jihar Borno, sannan ya ci gaba da makarantar sakandare a wannan wuri a shekarar 1951.1.........Ya tafi Kwalejin Sarakuna, Legas kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]], inda ya yi karatun tarihi.1......... == Littattafai == * ''Manufofin yada labarai da alhakin'' 1998 * ''Allah da Kakanninmu: Labaran Tarihi na Najeriya'' * ''Bride ba tare da wata matsala ba'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1942]] 4sfv6pqtiruwjqyw21myx97a061gjwp 863788 863787 2026-06-22T10:52:31Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863788 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Bukar Usman''' (an haife shi 10ga watan Disambar 1942) masanin tarihin Najeriya ne kuma masanin tarihi.<ref name=":0">https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/12/18/bukar-usman-young-ones-must-be-encourage-to-speak-mother-tongue/</ref>Sha'awarsa ta haɗa da batutuwa kamar tarihi, tatsuniyoyi da sharhi na siyasa.<ref>https://guardian.ng/art/bukar-usman-an-administrator-quintessential-man-of-letters/</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Bukar Usman a [[Biu]] a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]] a Najeriya.<ref name=":0" />. Makarantarsa ta farko ita ce ilimin Alkur'ani a Karamar Hukumar Biu ta Jihar Borno, sannan ya ci gaba da makarantar sakandare a wannan wuri a shekarar 1951.1.........Ya tafi Kwalejin Sarakuna, Legas kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]], inda ya yi karatun tarihi.1......... == Littattafai == * ''Manufofin yada labarai da alhakin'' 1998 * ''Allah da Kakanninmu: Labaran Tarihi na Najeriya'' * ''Bride ba tare da wata matsala ba'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1942]] pvbmcdt9b5vdtcoloe4oxjobbvu429p 863790 863788 2026-06-22T10:53:15Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863790 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Bukar Usman''' (an haife shi 10ga watan Disambar 1942) masanin tarihin Najeriya ne kuma masanin tarihi.<ref name=":0">https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/12/18/bukar-usman-young-ones-must-be-encourage-to-speak-mother-tongue/</ref>Sha'awarsa ta haɗa da batutuwa kamar tarihi, tatsuniyoyi da sharhi na siyasa.<ref>https://guardian.ng/art/bukar-usman-an-administrator-quintessential-man-of-letters/</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Bukar Usman a [[Biu]] a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]] a Najeriya.<ref name=":0" />. Makarantarsa ta farko ita ce ilimin Alkur'ani a Karamar Hukumar Biu ta Jihar Borno, sannan ya ci gaba da makarantar sakandare a wannan wuri a shekarar 1951.<ref name=":0" />Ya tafi Kwalejin Sarakuna, Legas kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]], inda ya yi karatun tarihi.1......... == Littattafai == * ''Manufofin yada labarai da alhakin'' 1998 * ''Allah da Kakanninmu: Labaran Tarihi na Najeriya'' * ''Bride ba tare da wata matsala ba'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1942]] 4eu8xq4l7ug6a5jsf8tblv2vwfesvxp 863792 863790 2026-06-22T10:53:43Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863792 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Bukar Usman''' (an haife shi 10ga watan Disambar 1942) masanin tarihin Najeriya ne kuma masanin tarihi.<ref name=":0">https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/12/18/bukar-usman-young-ones-must-be-encourage-to-speak-mother-tongue/</ref>Sha'awarsa ta haɗa da batutuwa kamar tarihi, tatsuniyoyi da sharhi na siyasa.<ref>https://guardian.ng/art/bukar-usman-an-administrator-quintessential-man-of-letters/</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Bukar Usman a [[Biu]] a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]] a Najeriya.<ref name=":0" />. Makarantarsa ta farko ita ce ilimin Alkur'ani a Karamar Hukumar Biu ta Jihar Borno, sannan ya ci gaba da makarantar sakandare a wannan wuri a shekarar 1951.<ref name=":0" />Ya tafi Kwalejin Sarakuna, Legas kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]], inda ya yi karatun tarihi.<ref name=":0" /> == Littattafai == * ''Manufofin yada labarai da alhakin'' 1998 * ''Allah da Kakanninmu: Labaran Tarihi na Najeriya'' * ''Bride ba tare da wata matsala ba'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1942]] i8nzlntx74sfcfpvibcwf49am9p4bwx 863793 863792 2026-06-22T10:55:01Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863793 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bukar Usman''' (an haife shi 10ga watan Disambar 1942) masanin tarihin Najeriya ne kuma masanin tarihi.<ref name=":0">https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/12/18/bukar-usman-young-ones-must-be-encourage-to-speak-mother-tongue/</ref>Sha'awarsa ta haɗa da batutuwa kamar tarihi, tatsuniyoyi da sharhi na siyasa.<ref>https://guardian.ng/art/bukar-usman-an-administrator-quintessential-man-of-letters/</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Bukar Usman a [[Biu]] a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]] a Najeriya.<ref name=":0" />. Makarantarsa ta farko ita ce ilimin Alkur'ani a Karamar Hukumar Biu ta Jihar Borno, sannan ya ci gaba da makarantar sakandare a wannan wuri a shekarar 1951.<ref name=":0" />Ya tafi Kwalejin Sarakuna, Legas kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]], inda ya yi karatun tarihi.<ref name=":0" /> == Littattafai == * ''Manufofin yada labarai da alhakin'' 1998 * ''Allah da Kakanninmu: Labaran Tarihi na Najeriya'' * ''Bride ba tare da wata matsala ba'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1942]] mmt727bvz21ntbqvihwovefzjhjubj1 0 115258 863764 856023 2026-06-22T09:58:08Z Murtala Abubakar Sokoto 45981 863764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Sokotorivermap.png|thumb|Kogin Sokoto, yana nuna wurin da birnin yake]] '''Sokoto''' babban birni ne dake a cikin ƙarshen arewa maso yammacin [[Najeriya]], kusa da mahadar [[Sokoto (kogi)|kogin Sokoto]] da [[kogin Rima]] . A shekarar 2006, tana da yawan jama'a sama da 427,760. Sokoto ita ce babban birnin [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]] a wannan zamani kuma a baya ita ce hedikwatar jihohin arewa maso yamma. Sakkwato ta shahara wajen cinikin fatun tumaki, fatun shanu, sana’ar fata (wani gagarumin fitarwa) da gyada kola da fatun akuya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-07 |title=Sokoto {{!}} Map, Population, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Sokoto-Nigeria |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> Wurin zama ne mai cike da tarihi na tsohuwar [[Daular Sokoto|Khalifancin Sakkwato]], birnin [[Musulunci a Najeriya|yawancin musulmi]] ne kuma muhimmin wurin koyar da addinin musulunci a Najeriya. [[Jerin Sarakunan Musulmin Najeriya|Sarkin Musulmin]] da ke shugabantar halifanci ne yadda ya kamata a matsayin shugaban addinin Musulunci na Najeriya. == Suna da kirarin asali ==   Sunan Sokoto (wanda shine sunan na zamani/a turance daga sunan asali da mazauna ke faɗa (''Sakkwato'' ) asalin [[Larabci]] ne, yana nufin (''sooq'',) ma'ana 'kasuwa' . Kuma ana kiranta da ''Sakkwato, Birnin [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shaihu]] da [[Muhammadu Bello|Bello]]'' ko kuma “Sakoto, Birnin [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shaihu]] da [[Muhammadu Bello|Bello]] ko kuma Sokoto Birnin Shehu ta mai da kasari zuma, (Shaihu yana nufin Sheikh Usman dan Fodio, wanda ya kafa Daular Sakkwato, da Bello dansa/majibinsa, Sultan Muhammad Bello). == Yanayi == Sokoto tana da yanayi mai zafi mai ratsa ruwa ( [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Köppen weather classification]] ''BSH'' ). Tana cikin busasshiyar [[Sahel]], kewaye da yashi mai yashi da tsaunuka keɓance. Tare da matsakaicin zafin shekara kimanin {{Convert|28.3|°C|°F|1}}, Sokoto na daya daga cikin garuruwan da suka fi zafi a Najeriya. Kodayake, matsakaicin yanayin zafin rana gabaɗaya ba ya haura {{Convert|40|°C|°F|1}} a mafi yawa cikin shekara, kuma bushewar yana sa zafi ya iya jurewa. <ref name="sokoto-description">{{Cite web |title=A Brief History and Geography of Sokoto State |url=http://www.sokoto-state.com/state.html |access-date=7 April 2007 |archive-date=12 May 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070512010735/http://www.sokoto-state.com/state.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mafi yawan watanni shine Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu, inda zafin rana zai iya wuce 40&nbsp;°C. Mafi girman zafin jiki da ake samu shine 45&nbsp;°C. Lokacin damina na daga watan Yuni zuwa Oktoba, wanda a lokacin shawa ke zama ruwan dare a kullum. Ruwan shawa ba ya daɗe yana daɗewa kuma yana da nisa daga ruwan shawa na yau da kullun da aka sani a yankuna masu zafi da yawa. Daga karshen Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu, a lokacin 'lokacin sanyi', yanayin yana gauraye da iska hunturu da ke kada kurar Sahara a cikin kasa. Kurar tana dusashe hasken rana, don haka zafi ke raguwa sosai. Hanyar noman amfanin gona a yankin ita ce makwararar ruwan kogin Sokoto-Rima, wanda ke cike da kasa mai albarka. Sauran amfanin gonakin da ake nomawa a Sakkwato sun hada da gero, dawa, wake watakila ya fi yawa, sai masara, shinkafa, sesame, sauran hatsi da kayan lambu kamar: albasa, tumatir, barkono, attarugu, latas, da kabeji. [1] [2] Baya ga gero, Sakkwato ce kan gaba wajen noman albasa a Najeriya. Ta fuskar ciyayi, Sakkwato ta fada cikin yankin savannah. Wannan buɗaɗɗen ciyayi ce ta tse-tse mara ciyayi wacce ta dace da noman hatsi da kiwo. Ruwan sama yana farawa a makare kuma yana ƙarewa da wuri tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara tsakanin 500 mm da 1,300 mm. Akwai manyan yanayi guda biyu a Sakkwato, wato jika da bushewa. Lokacin rani yana farawa daga Oktoba, kuma yana ɗaukar har zuwa Afrilu a wasu sassa kuma yana iya ƙara zuwa Mayu ko Yuni a wasu sassa. A daya bangaren kuma lokacin damina yana farawa a yawancin sassan jihar a watan Mayu kuma yana kai har zuwa Satumba, ko Oktoba. Harmattan, busasshiyar iska, sanyi, da ƙura mai ƙura ana fuskanta a cikin jihar tsakanin Nuwamba da Fabrairu. Zafi ya fi tsanani a jihar a watan Maris da Afrilu. Amma yanayi a jihar kullum sanyi ne da safe da kuma zafi da rana, sai dai a lokacin harmattan kololuwa. Tsarin yanayin jihar ya mamaye filin Hausa na arewacin [[Najeriya]] . Fadin qasar da ake nomawa a cikin kogin Sokoto-Rima ya wargaza fili tare da samar da qasa mai cike da albarkar noman amfanin gona iri-iri a jihar. Haka kuma akwai tsaunuka da tsaunuka keɓe a warwatse a duk faɗin jihar.{{Weather box}} == Ci gaban tarihi ==   [[Fayil:Travels_and_discoveries_in_North_and_Central_Africa._From_the_journal_of_an_expedition_undertaken_under_the_auspices_of_H.B.M.'s_government,_in_the_years_1849-1855_(1859)_(14781116835).jpg|thumb|Kasuwa a Sokoto, farkon shekarun 1850]] [[Fayil:West_Africa_in_1897.jpg|thumb|Yankin Sokoto, wanda aka nuna a cakuɗe a taswirar 1897]] [[Fayil:Sokoto_Sultanate.png|thumb|Sarkin Musulmi a zamanin Sarkin Musulmi Ahmadu Rufa'i]] Shehu Usmanu Dan Fodiyo ya yi amfani da Sokoto tun a watan Oktoban 1804 a matsayin wurin ganawa da Galadima, Wazirin Yunfa. Daga bisani, dansa Muhammad Bello ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin wurin shirya hari a Dufua a cikin bazara na 1806. Bovil ya nuna cewa ana iya kiran yankin da Sokoto tun a karni na sha bakwai. Ta fuskar tarihi, an kafa Sakkwato a matsayin ribat (sansanin soja ko iyaka) a shekarar 1809, lokacin da Shehu Usmanu ke Sifawa. Daga baya ta zama hedikwatar halifanci bayan rasuwar Shehu. A cikin 1820s, Sakkwato ta kasance a kololuwar ci gabanta ya yi daidai da kololuwar ikon ‘sarakunanta’ a tsakiyar halifanci, tana karbar harajin shekara-shekara daga dukkan fifuffuka kafin wani lokaci mai tsawo na raguwa. Mai binciken Hugh Clapperton (1827) ya burge sosai da wannan wadata da tasirinsa a cikin birnin. Clapperton ya lura da mahimmancin matsugunin Sokoto: Koguna, maimakon kasuwanci mai nisa a cikin tattalin arzikin birnin. Amma a halin yanzu harkokin kasuwanci a Sakkwato ba su da la’akari da shi, saboda tabarbarewar yanayin da kasar ke ciki. A lokacin da mai binciken [[Heinrich Barth]] ya zo a shekarar 1853, Sokoto ta kasance cikin kankanin mazauna kuma ta lalace matuka. Barth a 1857 ya kiyasta yawan jama'a 20,000-22,000 ne kawai, amma har yanzu ana ba da kasuwa kuma ana halarta, kuma wani yanki mai ci gaba a wajen bango ya fi Sokoto kanta. Bovil ya bayyana Sokoto a matsayin matsayi mai karfi, wanda ke da tudu daga gabas zuwa arewa maso yamma da kuma wani karamin kwari a yamma da kudu maso yamma da ke ba ta kariya daga hare-haren da sojojin dawakai suka kai musu. Garin ya mamaye tudu mai fadi inda koguna biyu, Rima da Sokoto ke haduwa, kasancewar mahadar tituna daga Gobir a arewa, Kebbi a kudu da Burmi Zamfara a gabas. A farkon karni na 19, an raba garin (Sokoto) zuwa unguwanni. Irin wadannan unguwanni sun hada da unguwar Magajin Gari, unguwar Waziri, unguwar Sarkin Musulmi, unguwar Sarkin Adar, unguwar Magajin Rafi, da unguwar Sarkin Zamfara. A wannan lokaci unguwannin sun kasance kanana kuma an kewaye su da katanga, wadanda suka hada da masallatan Sultan Bello da Shehu, da fadar Sarkin Musulmi da sauran gine-gine da kuma harabar gidan Shehu. A cikin 1818, an shimfida katangar har ta kai ga tana da ƙofofin da ke shiga da fita daga bangon Birni. Irin wadannan kofofin su ne Kofar-Kade, Kofar-Kware, Kofar-Rini, Kofar-Dundaye, Kofar-Taramniya, Kofar-Aliyu Jedo, da Kofar-Marke. [[Fayil:View_of_Sokoto_(1890).jpg|thumb|Duban bayan gari (1890)]] Yankin Sakkwato na yanzu ya kasance gidan masarautu da masarautu da yawa na yammacin Sudan kafin mulkin mallaka. Wadannan sun hada da masarautun [[Gobir]] da Kebbi da kuma shahararriyar khalifancin da ya shafi ruhi da siyasarsa shine hedikwatar jihar. Bayan mamayar daular halifanci da turawan ingila suka yi a shekarar 1903, an mayar da bangarori daban-daban nata ‘yan cin gashin kansu suka shiga cikin gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya. Ta haka ne yankin arewa ya kasance mafi yawan sassan daular Sokoto da daular [[Daular Kanem-Bornu|Kanem-Bornu]] . Wannan ya ci gaba har zuwa Janairu 1967 lokacin da aka kirkiro jihohi don maye gurbin gwamnatocin yankuna da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] ya yi. Sokoto ta zama hedikwatar jihar arewa maso yamma da aka kirkira a shekarar 1967. A shekarar 1976 bayan kirkiro jihar Neja daga jihar Arewa maso yamma, jihar Sokoto ta zama hedikwatarta. Duk da haka a jihohin Sokoto, Kebbi da Zamfara an sassare su daga Sokoto, a 1991 da 1996 bi da bi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-29 |title=History of Sokoto - Official Website of Sokoto State Government |url=https://sokotostate.gov.ng/history-of-sokoto/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> Don haka babban birnin Sakkwato ya kasance hedkwatar gwamnatoci daban-daban tun lokacin da Halifa Muhammad Bello ya kafa shi a 1809. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Brief History of Sokoto State :: Nigeria Information & Guide |url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Sokoto/Brief-History-of-Sokoto-State.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> == Mutane da al'adu == Jihar Sokoto tana da yawan jama'a miliyan 3.7 [1] [2] bisa ga shekara ta 2006. Ƙididdigar da ta ƙunshi ƙabilu biyu wato Fulani da Hausa . Garin Sokoto babban birnin jihar Sokoto yana da yawan jama'a kusan 2.5 miliyan. Baya ga Fulani da Hausawa akwai ‘yan tsiraru na Zabarmawa da Abzinawa a yankunan kananan hukumomin. Duk wadannan kungiyoyi suna magana da Hausa a matsayin harshen gama gari. Fulani ne ke magana da Fulfulde . Hausawa mazauna jihar sun hada da Gobirawa, Zamfarawa, Kabawa, Adarawa da Arawa. Su kuma Fulanin manyan kungiyoyi biyu ne; garin Fulani ( Hausa ; Fula ) da kuma Makiyaya. Na farko ya hada da Torankawa, dangin [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usmanu Danfodiyo]], [[Sulluɓawa|Sullubawa]] da Zoramawa. Torankawa sune aristocratic ajin tun 1804. A al'adance jihar tana daya. Al'ummar jihar galibinsu musulmi ne. Tufafinsu kuma asalinsu na Musulunci ne. Ana gudanar da manyan bukukuwa guda biyu wato [[Sallar Idi ƙarama|Eid-el-Fitri]] da [[Sallar Idi Babba|Eid-el-Kabir]] duk shekara a jihar. Na farko ya kawo karshen [[Azumi a Musulunci|azumin]] watan Ramadan, yayin da na karshen ya kunshi yankan raguna domin tunawa da wani aiki da [[Annabi Ibrahim|annabin Musulunci Ibrahim]] ( [[Ibrahim]] kakan Yahudawa) ya yi. Wasan gargajiya ( [[Kokawa]] ) da dambe ( [[Dambe]] ) sune wasanni biyu da Hausawa ke jin dadinsu yayin da Fulani da Sullubawa suke nishadantar da Sharo <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-22 |title=Sharo Ceremony, the scars of Fulani love in Nigeria |url=https://kumakonda.com/sharo-fulani-nigeria/ |access-date=2025-08-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> da Doro. bi da bi. Manyan maziyartan jihar galibi ana yi masu zuwa ga babbar ko karamar [[durbar]], taron da ya kunshi faretin dawakai da aka kawata da rakuma wadanda mazaje suke sanye da cikakkun kayan soja da na al'adu. == Gurbatar muhalli == Jama’a a Sakkwato na cikin hatsarin gaske ga matsalar rashin lafiya sakamakon kurar iska da ke haifar da ciwon huhu da kuma kara yawan mace-mace, musamman daga cututtukan zuciya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Sokoto |url=https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/outdoorsports/airquality/sokoto_nigeria_2322911 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=meteoblue |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-22 |title=Sokoto Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution {{!}} IQAir |url=https://www.iqair.com/nigeria/sokoto |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.iqair.com |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Air Quality and Pollen in Sokoto, Nigeria {{!}} Tomorrow.io |url=https://www.tomorrow.io/weather/NG/Sokoto/2158714/health/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=Tomorrow.io Weather |language=en}}</ref> == Ayyukan tattalin arziki == [[Fayil:Sokoto_market_2006.jpg|right|thumb|Kasuwar Sokoto]] Sama da kashi tamanin (80%) na mazauna Sokoto suna yin noma iri daya ko kuma wata. Suna noman amfanin gona kamar gero, masara, masara, shinkafa, dankalin turawa, rogo, gyada, wake da dai sauransu don rayuwa da kuma samar da alkama, auduga da ganyaye don tsabar kudi. Sana'o'in cikin gida irin su saƙa da rini da sassaƙa da fata su ma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tattalin arzikin al'ummar Sakkwato; a sakamakon haka, yankuna daban-daban kamar Makera, Marina, Takalmawa da Majema sun zama mahimmanci. Sokoto kuma na daya daga cikin yankunan da ake noman kifi a kasar. Don haka adadi mai yawa na mutanen da ke gefen kogin suna yin kamun kifi. Haka ma Sokoto tana da albarkatun kasa da ma'adinai. Kamfanonin hadin gwiwar Agro da ke amfani da auduga, gyada, dawa, danko, masara, shinkafa, alkama, rake, rogo, danko Larabci da taba a matsayin albarkatun kasa ana iya kafa su a yankin. Haka kuma za a iya yin noma mai yawa a jihar ta hanyar amfani da ruwan ban ruwa daga madatsar Goronyo, Lugu, Kalmalo, Wammakko da Kwakwazo da sauransu. Albarkatun ma'adinai irin su kaolin, gypsum, limestone, laterite, jan niƙa, phosphate duka rawaya da kore, yumbu inuwa, yashi da dai sauransu, suna samuwa a cikin adadi na kasuwanci. Za a iya kafa masana'antu na ma'adinai masu amfani da waɗannan albarkatun ƙasa a cikin jihar. Rashin tashiwar tse-tse a buɗaɗɗen ciyayi yana amfana da namun daji da na gida. Sokoto ita ce ta biyu a fannin kiwon dabbobi a yawan dabbobin kasar sama da miliyan takwas. Samuwar wadannan hanyoyin tattalin arziki na samar da damammakin zuba jari, musamman a masana'antar hada-hadar noma kamar su fulawa, sarrafa tumatur, tace sukari, yadi, gamna, tanning, gwangwanin kifi, da sauransu. == Sufuri == Sokoto ba ta da tsarin sufurin jama'a. Sufuri a cikin birni (lokacin da ba da ƙafa ba) galibi suna amfani da mopeds waɗanda ke aiki azaman tasi na mutum ɗaya kuma wani lokaci masu keke masu uku suna jigilar mutane daga wannan wuri zuwa wancan; wannan yana ba da damar ɗaukar mutane fiye da ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya (har yanzu a farashi mai arha kamar mopeds). Motocin bas da tasi ba safai ba ne kuma galibi ana amfani da su ne kawai don jigilar kayayyaki tsakanin birane. Wani abin sha’awa a yankin da kasa da kashi 2% na ‘yan mata ke kammala karatun sakandare, an kafa garejin mata duka a cikin birnin Sakkwato domin horar da ‘yan mata kan gyaran ababen hawa. Cibiyar Nana: Girls and Women Empowerment Initiative ce ta kafa, garejin na horar da dalibai mata 25 da suka koyo tare da tallafin shugabannin addinin Musulunci na yankin. 10&nbsp;km kudu da Sokoto akwai [[Filin jirgin saman Sokoto|filin jirgin sama na kasa da kasa]] wanda ke da alaka da [[Abuja]] da [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] da [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . == Masana'antu == A watan Agusta 2008, an rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar gina aikin siminti a Sokoto, kuma an bude kamfanin a shekarar 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Release |first=Press |date=2022-01-27 |title=Buhari inaugurates BUA's new cement plant in Sokoto |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/508229-buhari-inaugurates-buas-new-cement-plant-in-sokoto.html |access-date=2022-10-06 |website=Premium Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Birane == Garin birni yana da dogon tarihi a ƙasar Hausa. An fara aiwatar da tsarin ne a lokacin da wasu yankuna masu mahimmanci na kasar Hausa suka bunkasa tun daga Kauyuka zuwa Birane. Amma duk da haka daya daga cikin manyan illolin da mai jihadi ya haifar shi ne gudun wannan lamari ba wai a kasar Hausa kadai ba, har ma a duk wuraren da gwamnatin halifanci ta shafa. Sabbin garuruwa sun taso kuma tsofaffin garuruwa sun shiga wani yanayi na ci gaban da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba, wasu a matsayin sabbin wuraren harkokin kasuwanci, wasu a matsayin manyan masarautu da cibiyoyin gudanarwa da kasuwanci. Daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru a tarihin halifancin Sokoto ya faro ne da kafa birnin Sakkwato (helkwatar halifanci). A zamanin jahiliyya, yankin da ke tsakanin Masarautar Gobir da Kebbi shi ne yankin da aka fi sani da “Kasar makiyaya”. Amma da nasarar jihadin da Shehu usmau dan Fodiyo (1804-1808) ya jagoranta da kuma nasarar da masu jihadi suka samu kan sarakunan kasar Hausa, Muhammad Bello ya gina birnin Sokoto (helkwatar khalifanci). Haka kuma, kamar yadda Abdul-Razaq Shehu ya lura a cikin littafinsa ''na Sakkwato Birnin Shehu'', Muhammad Bello ya tsara birnin Sakkwato da takarda tun kafin a gina shi. Bello dan Sheikh yana cikin hakiman mahaifinsa da kwamandojin yaki. Ya yi yake-yake mafi tsanani kuma mafi tsawo kuma shi ne ya gina halifancin Sakkwato Birnin Shehu. Birnin Sakkwato kamar yadda mai zanen Muhammad Bello ya tsara ya kunshi duk wani fasali na kowane birni na zamani da suka hada da tituna, gadoji, kasuwa, ganuwa (cibiyoyin tsaro na gari) da kuma cibiyoyin gudanarwa da kasuwanci. Daga cikin cibiyoyin gudanarwa da Muhammad Bello ya tsara akwai Kanwuri, Binanchi, Galadanci, Alkalanci, Dogarawa da dai sauransu. Sai dai, baya ga babbar kasuwar da aka fi sani da Yardole, sauran wuraren kasuwanci da Muhammad Bello ya tsara sun hada da Makera, Madinka, Marina, Siriddawa, Takalmawa, Runji da Jirgawa. Bugu da kari, babu wani gari a kasar Hausa kafin jihadi ko karni na 19 da zai ci gaba da zama cibiyar birni ba tare da katanga mai inganci ba (ganuwa). An gina wannan ginin ne da guraren da dama kamar Kofar Aliyu Jedo, Kofar Dundaye, Kofar Marke, Kofar Rini, Kofar Kware, da Kofar Taramniya, kuma wannan gagarumin ci gaba da aka samu ya ja hankalin jama’a da dama da suka yi hijira daga unguwarsu zuwa cikin birnin Sakkwato domin tsira. Daga abin da muka gani a sama kan yadda halifa Muhammad Bello ya kera birnin Sakkwato za mu ga cewa, Sakkwato ta samu karin bakin haure masu sha’awar sana’ar fataucin fata, tukwane da sauransu, alal misali, wasu daga cikin wadannan mutane ko dai suna yin sana’a ne ko kuma wasu sana’o’in da ke da alaka da su kamar a Makera Assada. Akwai mutanen da suka rika tafiya sassa daban-daban na Nijeriya a halin yanzu har ma da kasashen da ke makwabtaka da su don sayo kayan karafa da suka lalace kamar lalacewar motoci, motoci, manyan motoci, jiragen sama da dai sauran bututun karfe, da tankunan mai domin karya su gunduwa-gunduwa, a sayar wa duk wanda ke son ya yi amfani da su ko kuma ya canza su zuwa wani samfur. == Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli == === Canjin yanayi === Domin Sokoto da kewayen garin sun riga sun kasance a kusa da wani yanki mai dausayi da ke fama da kwararowar hamada, tuni birnin ya fuskanci illar sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=July 2018 |title=Climate Change Manifestations and Impacts in The Sokoto Close-Settled Zone, Northwestern Nigeria |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/196236813.pdf |journal=Akademika |volume=88 |issue=2 |pages=21–34 |via=Core UK}}</ref> Wani bincike na 2018 game da yuwuwar tasirin birnin ya annabta raguwar kayan noma da bunƙasa shuka, da ƙara [[Rashin ruwa|ƙarancin ruwa]] a yankin da ke kewayen birni, yana tsoma baki tare da samar da abinci da samar da ƙalubalen tsaro na samun kudin shiga. <ref name=":0" /> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Attahiru Bafarawa]] (Tsohon Gwamnan Jahar Sokoto) * Sir [[Ahmadu Bello]] (Sardaunan Sokoto) * [[Mohammed Maigari Dingyadi]] (Tsohon Ministan 'Yan sandan Najeriya) * [[Shehu Shagari]] (Tsohon Shugaban Tarayyar Najeriya) * [[Aminu Waziri Tambuwal|Aminu Tambuwal]] (Tsohon Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai kuma Tsohon Gwamnan Jihar Sakkwato) * Sanata [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] (Tsohon Gwamnan Jahar Sokoto) * [[Alhaji Ahmad Aliyu|Ahmad Aliyu]] (Gwamnan Sokoto a shekarar 2023) * [[Sa'adu Abubakar]] (Sultan of Sokoto) == Duba kuma == * [[Daular Sokoto|Sokoto Caliphate]] * [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Usman dan Fodiyo]] * Siminti a Afirka * [[Makera Assada]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Biranen Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0rbck1pcyadteobp3jeib6a9l90l771 863765 863764 2026-06-22T10:04:13Z Murtala Abubakar Sokoto 45981 863765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Sokotorivermap.png|thumb|Kogin Sokoto, yana nuna wurin da birnin yake]] '''Sokoto''' babban birni ne dake a cikin ƙarshen arewa maso yammacin [[Najeriya]], kusa da mahadar [[Sokoto (kogi)|kogin Sokoto]] da [[kogin Rima]] . A shekarar 2006, tana da yawan jama'a sama da 427,760. Sokoto ita ce babban birnin [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]] a wannan zamani kuma a baya ita ce hedikwatar jihohin arewa maso yamma. Sakkwato ta shahara wajen cinikin fatun tumaki, fatun shanu, sana’ar fata (wani gagarumin fitarwa) da gyada kola da fatun akuya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-07 |title=Sokoto {{!}} Map, Population, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Sokoto-Nigeria |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> Wurin zama ne mai cike da tarihi na tsohuwar [[Daular Sokoto|Khalifancin Sakkwato]], birnin [[Musulunci a Najeriya|yawancin musulmi]] ne kuma muhimmin wurin koyar da addinin musulunci a Najeriya. [[Jerin Sarakunan Musulmin Najeriya|Sarkin Musulmin]] da ke shugabantar halifanci ne yadda ya kamata a matsayin shugaban addinin Musulunci na Najeriya. == Suna da kirarin asali ==   Sunan Sokoto (wanda shine sunan na zamani/a turance daga sunan asali da mazauna ke faɗa (''Sakkwato'' ) asalin [[Larabci]] ne, yana nufin (''sooq'',) ma'ana 'kasuwa' . Kuma ana kiranta da ''Sakkwato, Birnin [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shaihu]] da [[Muhammadu Bello|Bello]]'' ko kuma “Sakoto Birnin [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shaihu]] da [[Muhammadu Bello|Bello]] ko kuma Sokoto Birnin Shehu ta mai da kasari zuma, (Shaihu yana nufin Sheikh Usman dan Fodio, wanda ya kafa Daular Sakkwato, da Bello dansa/majibinsa, Sultan Muhammad Bello). == Yanayi == Sokoto tana da yanayi mai zafi mai ratsa ruwa ( [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Köppen weather classification]] ''BSH'' ). Tana cikin busasshiyar [[Sahel]], kewaye da yashi mai yashi da tsaunuka keɓance. Tare da matsakaicin zafin shekara kimanin {{Convert|28.3|°C|°F|1}}, Sokoto na daya daga cikin garuruwan da suka fi zafi a Najeriya. Kodayake, matsakaicin yanayin zafin rana gabaɗaya ba ya haura {{Convert|40|°C|°F|1}} a mafi yawa cikin shekara, kuma bushewar yana sa zafi ya iya jurewa. <ref name="sokoto-description">{{Cite web |title=A Brief History and Geography of Sokoto State |url=http://www.sokoto-state.com/state.html |access-date=7 April 2007 |archive-date=12 May 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070512010735/http://www.sokoto-state.com/state.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mafi yawan watanni shine Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu, inda zafin rana zai iya wuce 40&nbsp;°C. Mafi girman zafin jiki da ake samu shine 45&nbsp;°C. Lokacin damina na daga watan Yuni zuwa Oktoba, wanda a lokacin shawa ke zama ruwan dare a kullum. Ruwan shawa ba ya daɗe yana daɗewa kuma yana da nisa daga ruwan shawa na yau da kullun da aka sani a yankuna masu zafi da yawa. Daga karshen Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu, a lokacin 'lokacin sanyi', yanayin yana gauraye da iska hunturu da ke kada kurar Sahara a cikin kasa. Kurar tana dusashe hasken rana, don haka zafi ke raguwa sosai. Hanyar noman amfanin gona a yankin ita ce makwararar ruwan kogin Sokoto-Rima, wanda ke cike da kasa mai albarka. Sauran amfanin gonakin da ake nomawa a Sakkwato sun hada da gero, dawa, wake watakila ya fi yawa, sai masara, shinkafa, sesame, sauran hatsi da kayan lambu kamar: albasa, tumatir, barkono, attarugu, latas, da kabeji. [1] [2] Baya ga gero, Sakkwato ce kan gaba wajen noman albasa a Najeriya. Ta fuskar ciyayi, Sakkwato ta fada cikin yankin savannah. Wannan buɗaɗɗen ciyayi ce ta tse-tse mara ciyayi wacce ta dace da noman hatsi da kiwo. Ruwan sama yana farawa a makare kuma yana ƙarewa da wuri tare da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara tsakanin 500 mm da 1,300 mm. Akwai manyan yanayi guda biyu a Sakkwato, wato jika da bushewa. Lokacin rani yana farawa daga Oktoba, kuma yana ɗaukar har zuwa Afrilu a wasu sassa kuma yana iya ƙara zuwa Mayu ko Yuni a wasu sassa. A daya bangaren kuma lokacin damina yana farawa a yawancin sassan jihar a watan Mayu kuma yana kai har zuwa Satumba, ko Oktoba. Harmattan, busasshiyar iska, sanyi, da ƙura mai ƙura ana fuskanta a cikin jihar tsakanin Nuwamba da Fabrairu. Zafi ya fi tsanani a jihar a watan Maris da Afrilu. Amma yanayi a jihar kullum sanyi ne da safe da kuma zafi da rana, sai dai a lokacin harmattan kololuwa. Tsarin yanayin jihar ya mamaye filin Hausa na arewacin [[Najeriya]] . Fadin qasar da ake nomawa a cikin kogin Sokoto-Rima ya wargaza fili tare da samar da qasa mai cike da albarkar noman amfanin gona iri-iri a jihar. Haka kuma akwai tsaunuka da tsaunuka keɓe a warwatse a duk faɗin jihar.{{Weather box}} == Ci gaban tarihi ==   [[Fayil:Travels_and_discoveries_in_North_and_Central_Africa._From_the_journal_of_an_expedition_undertaken_under_the_auspices_of_H.B.M.'s_government,_in_the_years_1849-1855_(1859)_(14781116835).jpg|thumb|Kasuwa a Sokoto, farkon shekarun 1850]] [[Fayil:West_Africa_in_1897.jpg|thumb|Yankin Sokoto, wanda aka nuna a cakuɗe a taswirar 1897]] [[Fayil:Sokoto_Sultanate.png|thumb|Sarkin Musulmi a zamanin Sarkin Musulmi Ahmadu Rufa'i]] Shehu Usmanu Dan Fodiyo ya yi amfani da Sokoto tun a watan Oktoban 1804 a matsayin wurin ganawa da Galadima, Wazirin Yunfa. Daga bisani, dansa Muhammad Bello ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin wurin shirya hari a Dufua a cikin bazara na 1806. Bovil ya nuna cewa ana iya kiran yankin da Sokoto tun a karni na sha bakwai. Ta fuskar tarihi, an kafa Sakkwato a matsayin ribat (sansanin soja ko iyaka) a shekarar 1809, lokacin da Shehu Usmanu ke Sifawa. Daga baya ta zama hedikwatar halifanci bayan rasuwar Shehu. A cikin 1820s, Sakkwato ta kasance a kololuwar ci gabanta ya yi daidai da kololuwar ikon ‘sarakunanta’ a tsakiyar halifanci, tana karbar harajin shekara-shekara daga dukkan fifuffuka kafin wani lokaci mai tsawo na raguwa. Mai binciken Hugh Clapperton (1827) ya burge sosai da wannan wadata da tasirinsa a cikin birnin. Clapperton ya lura da mahimmancin matsugunin Sokoto: Koguna, maimakon kasuwanci mai nisa a cikin tattalin arzikin birnin. Amma a halin yanzu harkokin kasuwanci a Sakkwato ba su da la’akari da shi, saboda tabarbarewar yanayin da kasar ke ciki. A lokacin da mai binciken [[Heinrich Barth]] ya zo a shekarar 1853, Sokoto ta kasance cikin kankanin mazauna kuma ta lalace matuka. Barth a 1857 ya kiyasta yawan jama'a 20,000-22,000 ne kawai, amma har yanzu ana ba da kasuwa kuma ana halarta, kuma wani yanki mai ci gaba a wajen bango ya fi Sokoto kanta. Bovil ya bayyana Sokoto a matsayin matsayi mai karfi, wanda ke da tudu daga gabas zuwa arewa maso yamma da kuma wani karamin kwari a yamma da kudu maso yamma da ke ba ta kariya daga hare-haren da sojojin dawakai suka kai musu. Garin ya mamaye tudu mai fadi inda koguna biyu, Rima da Sokoto ke haduwa, kasancewar mahadar tituna daga Gobir a arewa, Kebbi a kudu da Burmi Zamfara a gabas. A farkon karni na 19, an raba garin (Sokoto) zuwa unguwanni. Irin wadannan unguwanni sun hada da unguwar Magajin Gari, unguwar Waziri, unguwar Sarkin Musulmi, unguwar Sarkin Adar, unguwar Magajin Rafi, da unguwar Sarkin Zamfara. A wannan lokaci unguwannin sun kasance kanana kuma an kewaye su da katanga, wadanda suka hada da masallatan Sultan Bello da Shehu, da fadar Sarkin Musulmi da sauran gine-gine da kuma harabar gidan Shehu. A cikin 1818, an shimfida katangar har ta kai ga tana da ƙofofin da ke shiga da fita daga bangon Birni. Irin wadannan kofofin su ne Kofar-Kade, Kofar-Kware, Kofar-Rini, Kofar-Dundaye, Kofar-Taramniya, Kofar-Aliyu Jedo, da Kofar-Marke. [[Fayil:View_of_Sokoto_(1890).jpg|thumb|Duban bayan gari (1890)]] Yankin Sakkwato na yanzu ya kasance gidan masarautu da masarautu da yawa na yammacin Sudan kafin mulkin mallaka. Wadannan sun hada da masarautun [[Gobir]] da Kebbi da kuma shahararriyar khalifancin da ya shafi ruhi da siyasarsa shine hedikwatar jihar. Bayan mamayar daular halifanci da turawan ingila suka yi a shekarar 1903, an mayar da bangarori daban-daban nata ‘yan cin gashin kansu suka shiga cikin gwamnatin Arewacin Najeriya. Ta haka ne yankin arewa ya kasance mafi yawan sassan daular Sokoto da daular [[Daular Kanem-Bornu|Kanem-Bornu]] . Wannan ya ci gaba har zuwa Janairu 1967 lokacin da aka kirkiro jihohi don maye gurbin gwamnatocin yankuna da Janar [[Yakubu Gowon]] ya yi. Sokoto ta zama hedikwatar jihar arewa maso yamma da aka kirkira a shekarar 1967. A shekarar 1976 bayan kirkiro jihar Neja daga jihar Arewa maso yamma, jihar Sokoto ta zama hedikwatarta. Duk da haka a jihohin Sokoto, Kebbi da Zamfara an sassare su daga Sokoto, a 1991 da 1996 bi da bi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-29 |title=History of Sokoto - Official Website of Sokoto State Government |url=https://sokotostate.gov.ng/history-of-sokoto/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> Don haka babban birnin Sakkwato ya kasance hedkwatar gwamnatoci daban-daban tun lokacin da Halifa Muhammad Bello ya kafa shi a 1809. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Brief History of Sokoto State :: Nigeria Information & Guide |url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Sokoto/Brief-History-of-Sokoto-State.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> == Mutane da al'adu == Jihar Sokoto tana da yawan jama'a miliyan 3.7 [1] [2] bisa ga shekara ta 2006. Ƙididdigar da ta ƙunshi ƙabilu biyu wato Fulani da Hausa . Garin Sokoto babban birnin jihar Sokoto yana da yawan jama'a kusan 2.5 miliyan. Baya ga Fulani da Hausawa akwai ‘yan tsiraru na Zabarmawa da Abzinawa a yankunan kananan hukumomin. Duk wadannan kungiyoyi suna magana da Hausa a matsayin harshen gama gari. Fulani ne ke magana da Fulfulde . Hausawa mazauna jihar sun hada da Gobirawa, Zamfarawa, Kabawa, Adarawa da Arawa. Su kuma Fulanin manyan kungiyoyi biyu ne; garin Fulani ( Hausa ; Fula ) da kuma Makiyaya. Na farko ya hada da Torankawa, dangin [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usmanu Danfodiyo]], [[Sulluɓawa|Sullubawa]] da Zoramawa. Torankawa sune aristocratic ajin tun 1804. A al'adance jihar tana daya. Al'ummar jihar galibinsu musulmi ne. Tufafinsu kuma asalinsu na Musulunci ne. Ana gudanar da manyan bukukuwa guda biyu wato [[Sallar Idi ƙarama|Eid-el-Fitri]] da [[Sallar Idi Babba|Eid-el-Kabir]] duk shekara a jihar. Na farko ya kawo karshen [[Azumi a Musulunci|azumin]] watan Ramadan, yayin da na karshen ya kunshi yankan raguna domin tunawa da wani aiki da [[Annabi Ibrahim|annabin Musulunci Ibrahim]] ( [[Ibrahim]] kakan Yahudawa) ya yi. Wasan gargajiya ( [[Kokawa]] ) da dambe ( [[Dambe]] ) sune wasanni biyu da Hausawa ke jin dadinsu yayin da Fulani da Sullubawa suke nishadantar da Sharo <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-22 |title=Sharo Ceremony, the scars of Fulani love in Nigeria |url=https://kumakonda.com/sharo-fulani-nigeria/ |access-date=2025-08-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> da Doro. bi da bi. Manyan maziyartan jihar galibi ana yi masu zuwa ga babbar ko karamar [[durbar]], taron da ya kunshi faretin dawakai da aka kawata da rakuma wadanda mazaje suke sanye da cikakkun kayan soja da na al'adu. == Gurbatar muhalli == Jama’a a Sakkwato na cikin hatsarin gaske ga matsalar rashin lafiya sakamakon kurar iska da ke haifar da ciwon huhu da kuma kara yawan mace-mace, musamman daga cututtukan zuciya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Air Quality & Pollen Forecast for Sokoto |url=https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/outdoorsports/airquality/sokoto_nigeria_2322911 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=meteoblue |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-22 |title=Sokoto Air Quality Index (AQI) and Nigeria Air Pollution {{!}} IQAir |url=https://www.iqair.com/nigeria/sokoto |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.iqair.com |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Air Quality and Pollen in Sokoto, Nigeria {{!}} Tomorrow.io |url=https://www.tomorrow.io/weather/NG/Sokoto/2158714/health/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=Tomorrow.io Weather |language=en}}</ref> == Ayyukan tattalin arziki == [[Fayil:Sokoto_market_2006.jpg|right|thumb|Kasuwar Sokoto]] Sama da kashi tamanin (80%) na mazauna Sokoto suna yin noma iri daya ko kuma wata. Suna noman amfanin gona kamar gero, masara, masara, shinkafa, dankalin turawa, rogo, gyada, wake da dai sauransu don rayuwa da kuma samar da alkama, auduga da ganyaye don tsabar kudi. Sana'o'in cikin gida irin su saƙa da rini da sassaƙa da fata su ma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tattalin arzikin al'ummar Sakkwato; a sakamakon haka, yankuna daban-daban kamar Makera, Marina, Takalmawa da Majema sun zama mahimmanci. Sokoto kuma na daya daga cikin yankunan da ake noman kifi a kasar. Don haka adadi mai yawa na mutanen da ke gefen kogin suna yin kamun kifi. Haka ma Sokoto tana da albarkatun kasa da ma'adinai. Kamfanonin hadin gwiwar Agro da ke amfani da auduga, gyada, dawa, danko, masara, shinkafa, alkama, rake, rogo, danko Larabci da taba a matsayin albarkatun kasa ana iya kafa su a yankin. Haka kuma za a iya yin noma mai yawa a jihar ta hanyar amfani da ruwan ban ruwa daga madatsar Goronyo, Lugu, Kalmalo, Wammakko da Kwakwazo da sauransu. Albarkatun ma'adinai irin su kaolin, gypsum, limestone, laterite, jan niƙa, phosphate duka rawaya da kore, yumbu inuwa, yashi da dai sauransu, suna samuwa a cikin adadi na kasuwanci. Za a iya kafa masana'antu na ma'adinai masu amfani da waɗannan albarkatun ƙasa a cikin jihar. Rashin tashiwar tse-tse a buɗaɗɗen ciyayi yana amfana da namun daji da na gida. Sokoto ita ce ta biyu a fannin kiwon dabbobi a yawan dabbobin kasar sama da miliyan takwas. Samuwar wadannan hanyoyin tattalin arziki na samar da damammakin zuba jari, musamman a masana'antar hada-hadar noma kamar su fulawa, sarrafa tumatur, tace sukari, yadi, gamna, tanning, gwangwanin kifi, da sauransu. == Sufuri == Sokoto ba ta da tsarin sufurin jama'a. Sufuri a cikin birni (lokacin da ba da ƙafa ba) galibi suna amfani da mopeds waɗanda ke aiki azaman tasi na mutum ɗaya kuma wani lokaci masu keke masu uku suna jigilar mutane daga wannan wuri zuwa wancan; wannan yana ba da damar ɗaukar mutane fiye da ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya (har yanzu a farashi mai arha kamar mopeds). Motocin bas da tasi ba safai ba ne kuma galibi ana amfani da su ne kawai don jigilar kayayyaki tsakanin birane. Wani abin sha’awa a yankin da kasa da kashi 2% na ‘yan mata ke kammala karatun sakandare, an kafa garejin mata duka a cikin birnin Sakkwato domin horar da ‘yan mata kan gyaran ababen hawa. Cibiyar Nana: Girls and Women Empowerment Initiative ce ta kafa, garejin na horar da dalibai mata 25 da suka koyo tare da tallafin shugabannin addinin Musulunci na yankin. 10&nbsp;km kudu da Sokoto akwai [[Filin jirgin saman Sokoto|filin jirgin sama na kasa da kasa]] wanda ke da alaka da [[Abuja]] da [[Kano (birni)|Kano]] da [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . == Masana'antu == A watan Agusta 2008, an rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar gina aikin siminti a Sokoto, kuma an bude kamfanin a shekarar 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Release |first=Press |date=2022-01-27 |title=Buhari inaugurates BUA's new cement plant in Sokoto |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/508229-buhari-inaugurates-buas-new-cement-plant-in-sokoto.html |access-date=2022-10-06 |website=Premium Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Birane == Garin birni yana da dogon tarihi a ƙasar Hausa. An fara aiwatar da tsarin ne a lokacin da wasu yankuna masu mahimmanci na kasar Hausa suka bunkasa tun daga Kauyuka zuwa Birane. Amma duk da haka daya daga cikin manyan illolin da mai jihadi ya haifar shi ne gudun wannan lamari ba wai a kasar Hausa kadai ba, har ma a duk wuraren da gwamnatin halifanci ta shafa. Sabbin garuruwa sun taso kuma tsofaffin garuruwa sun shiga wani yanayi na ci gaban da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba, wasu a matsayin sabbin wuraren harkokin kasuwanci, wasu a matsayin manyan masarautu da cibiyoyin gudanarwa da kasuwanci. Daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru a tarihin halifancin Sokoto ya faro ne da kafa birnin Sakkwato (helkwatar halifanci). A zamanin jahiliyya, yankin da ke tsakanin Masarautar Gobir da Kebbi shi ne yankin da aka fi sani da “Kasar makiyaya”. Amma da nasarar jihadin da Shehu usmau dan Fodiyo (1804-1808) ya jagoranta da kuma nasarar da masu jihadi suka samu kan sarakunan kasar Hausa, Muhammad Bello ya gina birnin Sokoto (helkwatar khalifanci). Haka kuma, kamar yadda Abdul-Razaq Shehu ya lura a cikin littafinsa ''na Sakkwato Birnin Shehu'', Muhammad Bello ya tsara birnin Sakkwato da takarda tun kafin a gina shi. Bello dan Sheikh yana cikin hakiman mahaifinsa da kwamandojin yaki. Ya yi yake-yake mafi tsanani kuma mafi tsawo kuma shi ne ya gina halifancin Sakkwato Birnin Shehu. Birnin Sakkwato kamar yadda mai zanen Muhammad Bello ya tsara ya kunshi duk wani fasali na kowane birni na zamani da suka hada da tituna, gadoji, kasuwa, ganuwa (cibiyoyin tsaro na gari) da kuma cibiyoyin gudanarwa da kasuwanci. Daga cikin cibiyoyin gudanarwa da Muhammad Bello ya tsara akwai Kanwuri, Binanchi, Galadanci, Alkalanci, Dogarawa da dai sauransu. Sai dai, baya ga babbar kasuwar da aka fi sani da Yardole, sauran wuraren kasuwanci da Muhammad Bello ya tsara sun hada da Makera, MadUnka, Marina, Siriddawa, Takalmawa, Runji da Jirgawa, Madaka, Wangarawa. Bugu da kari, babu wani gari a kasar Hausa kafin jihadi ko karni na 19 da zai ci gaba da zama cibiyar birni ba tare da katanga mai inganci ba (ganuwa). An gina wannan ginin ne da guraren da dama kamar Kofar Aliyu Jedo, Kofar Dundaye, Kofar Marke, Kofar Rini, Kofar Kware, Kofar Taramniya, Kofar Atiku, da kuma Kofar Kade. kuma wannan gagarumin ci gaba da aka samu ya ja hankalin jama’a da dama da suka yi hijira daga unguwarsu zuwa cikin birnin Sakkwato domin tsira. Daga abin da muka gani a sama kan yadda halifa Muhammad Bello ya kera birnin Sakkwato za mu ga cewa, Sakkwato ta samu karin bakin haure masu sha’awar sana’ar fataucin fata, tukwane da sauransu, alal misali, wasu daga cikin wadannan mutane ko dai suna yin sana’a ne ko kuma wasu sana’o’in da ke da alaka da su kamar a Makera Assada. Akwai mutanen da suka rika tafiya sassa daban-daban na Nijeriya a halin yanzu har ma da kasashen da ke makwabtaka da su don sayo kayan karafa da suka lalace kamar lalacewar motoci, motoci, manyan motoci, jiragen sama da dai sauran bututun karfe, da tankunan mai domin karya su gunduwa-gunduwa, a sayar wa duk wanda ke son ya yi amfani da su ko kuma ya canza su zuwa wani samfur. == Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli == === Canjin yanayi === Domin Sokoto da kewayen garin sun riga sun kasance a kusa da wani yanki mai dausayi da ke fama da kwararowar hamada, tuni birnin ya fuskanci illar sauyin yanayi. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=July 2018 |title=Climate Change Manifestations and Impacts in The Sokoto Close-Settled Zone, Northwestern Nigeria |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/196236813.pdf |journal=Akademika |volume=88 |issue=2 |pages=21–34 |via=Core UK}}</ref> Wani bincike na 2018 game da yuwuwar tasirin birnin ya annabta raguwar kayan noma da bunƙasa shuka, da ƙara [[Rashin ruwa|ƙarancin ruwa]] a yankin da ke kewayen birni, yana tsoma baki tare da samar da abinci da samar da ƙalubalen tsaro na samun kudin shiga. <ref name=":0" /> == Fitattun mutane == * [[Attahiru Bafarawa]] (Tsohon Gwamnan Jahar Sokoto) * Sir [[Ahmadu Bello]] (Sardaunan Sokoto) * [[Mohammed Maigari Dingyadi]] (Tsohon Ministan 'Yan sandan Najeriya) * [[Shehu Shagari]] (Tsohon Shugaban Tarayyar Najeriya) * [[Aminu Waziri Tambuwal|Aminu Tambuwal]] (Tsohon Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai kuma Tsohon Gwamnan Jihar Sakkwato) * Sanata [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] (Tsohon Gwamnan Jahar Sokoto) * [[Alhaji Ahmad Aliyu|Ahmad Aliyu]] (Gwamnan Sokoto a shekarar 2023) * [[Sa'adu Abubakar]] (Sultan of Sokoto) == Duba kuma == * [[Daular Sokoto|Sokoto Caliphate]] * [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Usman dan Fodiyo]] * Siminti a Afirka * [[Makera Assada]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Biranen Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ecb02pzsch209j07aaszxe04kxcs600 0 115702 863442 861446 2026-06-21T19:20:22Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349864428|Insheeption]]" 863442 wikitext text/x-wiki " '''Insheeption''' / ( / ɪn ˈʃiː pʃən / ) shine kashi na goma na kakar wasa ta goma sha huɗu ta shirin talabijin mai rai na Amurka ''South Park'', kuma kashi na 205 na shirin gaba ɗaya. An fara shi a ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 2010, a kan Comedy Central a Amurka. A cikin shirin, Stan da Mr. Mackey suna fama da [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|matsalar tara kuɗi]] . A ƙoƙarin gano musabbabin hakan, sun makale a cikin mafarkin Mr. Mackey. Shirin ya yi kama da shirin talabijin mai suna ''[[Masu tarawa (jerin talabijin)|Hoarders]]'', ''Hoarding: Buried Alive'', da kuma fim ɗin ''Inception .'' Wanda ya ƙirƙiri shirin Trey Parker ne ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni, kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta TV-MA -LV a Amurka da kuma MA15+(a) a Ostiraliya. == Labari == Bayan Wendy ta nuna damuwa cewa Stan yana fama da [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|tarin kayan da ba dole ba]], sai ya yarda a duba shi. Wani kwararre a fannin tara kayan tarihi mai suna Dr. Chinstrap, da sauran ɗaliban makarantar, sun taimaka wa Stan ya duba akwatin ajiyarsa, wanda ke cike da wasu abubuwa marasa kyau, ciki har da sandwich da tsutsa ta cika da shi da kuma buroshin haƙora wanda Stan, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya rasa nutsuwarsa, ya ƙi dainawa, wanda ya ba Kyle, Kenny, Cartman, Wendy da sauran ɗaliban makarantar mamaki. Sun aika shi wurin Mr. Mackey, wanda bai san menene tarin kayan ba; Stan ya gano cewa Mackey da kansa mai tara kayan tarihi ne. Stan da Mackey, tare da wani makiyayi mai suna Mr. Yeoman (wanda aka saba kiransa da "mai ɗaukar tumaki"), an haɗa su da wata na'ura wadda Chinstrap da mataimakinsa Dr. Pinkerton suka bayyana cewa za su taimaka musu su gano dalilin da yasa suke tara kuɗi ta hanyar karkatar da su zuwa ga tunaninsu. Bayan ɗan lokaci, a cikin tunanin Mackey, wani yaro mai suna Billy Thompson yana cin zarafinsa, wanda ya yi barazanar kai wa Mackey hari a wani balaguron filin wasa washegari. Daga nan Mackey ya ci karo da Stan da mai tattara tumaki wanda, kamar yadda masana kimiyya suka bayyana, suna nan saboda ƙarfin mafarkin Mackey. A cikin mafarkin, Stan ya koma gida tare da Mackey ya yi ƙoƙarin hana shi mafarkin, amma Mackey ya yi wasa da Lite-Brite da sauran kayan wasansa na zamanin 70 da kallon ''ZOOM'' . Randy ya dage cewa dole ne ya ceci ɗansa daga mafarkin duk da gargaɗin Chinstrap cewa zai makale a can har abada. Mafarkin ya ci gaba da zuwa washegari da safe lokacin da Stan, Mackey, mai tara tumaki, da yaran suka shiga bas don tafiyar filin wasa. Stan ya ga Randy ba zato ba tsammani, wanda, saboda wani dalili, ya rikide ya zama malam buɗe ido. Stan ya tambaya ko ya zo don taimakawa, amma Randy ya bayyana cewa, yayin da hakan shine manufarsa, ya fi damuwa da samun "malam [[wiktionary:poon|buɗe]] ido". Pinkerton ya yi iƙirarin cewa sun kira wani rukuni na "ƙwararru" a cikin nau'in manyan haruffa daga ''Inception'' (ɗaya daga cikinsu yana canzawa zuwa mamba na NFL Matt Hasselbeck ) don shiga cikin mafarkin don ƙirƙirar "mafarki a cikin mafarki" da kuma ceto su, tare da Chinstrap yana ba da sautunan boombox suna sake ƙirƙirar jigon kiɗan ''Inception'' yayin bayanin. Rukunin na biyu, 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga ''Inception'', suna zuwa suna harbin mutane kafin su shiga mafarkin, inda suka ci gaba da harbin mutane da yawa a cikin daji yayin da ƙungiyar ta iso. An gabatar da Stan, mai tara tumaki, da Mackey ga Woodsy Owl, wata mujiya mai taken "ba da hankali, kada ka gurbata" kafin a saka su tare da Billy da abokansa biyu. Yanzu haka an ga Chinstrap da Pinkerton suna neman masu kashe gobara don shiga cikin mafarkin su fara ƙoƙarin bayyana wa Sharon abubuwan da suka faru (idan aka kwatanta da taco a cikin taco a cikin Taco Bell a cikin KFC a cikin wani babban kanti a cikin mafarki), wacce ta yi iƙirarin cewa duk abin yana da ban dariya da wauta. Wani mutum a pizza ya zo aka kuma aika shi, kamar yadda aka gaya wa Sharon ba ta fahimta ba saboda ba ta da wayo. A cikin mafarkin, Mackey da Stan suna gudu daga masu zaluntar lokacin da Stan ya shawo kan Mackey ya tsaya wa kansa. A zahiri, Chinstrap ya yanke shawarar cewa mafarkin ya yi ƙarfi sosai, kuma a wannan lokacin, dole ne su nemi "mai kutse mafi ƙarfi a duniya" wanda shine Freddy Krueger . Duk da cewa Freddy Krueger bai so ya dawo ba, yana mai cewa Chinstrap yana buƙatar ya kashe matasa da yawa da nufin cewa zai taimaka wajen 'dakatar da Rashawa', sun shawo kansa ya taimaka a karo na ƙarshe. A cikin mafarkin Mackey, Mackey ya shirya yin faɗa, sai kawai ƙungiyar ƙwararru ta biyu ta iso, inda suka kashe Billy da masu azabtarwa kafin masu kashe gobara su iso, wanda suka ɗauka zai warkar da Mackey ya kuma kawo ƙarshen mafarkin. Amma lokacin da suka fahimci cewa Mackey bai farka ba, sai ya tuna abin da ya faru, yana bayanin ya gudu daga masu zaluntar ya shiga wani ɗaki, inda wani ya yi masa magana mai kyau amma sai ya taɓa shi ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba. Daga nan sai Mackey ya zo kan wannan ɗakin ya shiga, ya bayyana wani matashin Mackey da Woodsy Owl ya yi lalata da shi. Daga nan sai Woodsy ya zama dodo mai ban tsoro, ya kashe mai tara tumaki kuma ya rinjaye 'yan wasan Inception kafin Freddy Krueger ya kashe shi daga baya. Da aka lalata Woodsy, kowa ya farka, kuma Mackey ya bayyana cewa dole ne ya zama mai tara kuɗi bayan ya yi imanin cewa Woodsy ya yi masa lalata saboda bai yi ƙoƙari sosai don kada ya gurɓata ba. Freddy ya wuce gona da iri domin bai iya ceton makiyayin tumaki ba (abin mamaki, shi kaɗai ne ya gane shi a matsayin makiyayi). Bayan sun fahimci raunin da Mackey ya samu a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, sun ba Stan shawarar ya ci gaba da yin maganinsa yanzu, amma ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana da ra'ayi mafi kyau. Daga nan sai aka gan shi yana jefar da kayan a cikin kabad ɗinsa. Wendy da Kyle suka tambaye shi menene matsalarsa, kuma Stan ya ce bayan abin da ya faru da Mackey, ba ya son wani magani. Kyle ya ba da shawarar cewa wataƙila hakan "shine maganinku." A ƙarshe, Chinstrap ya sake fitowa yana yin waƙar ''Inception'' yayin da shirin ya ƙare. == Manazarta == b7o6aw57p1tlu95uc8f65a7przhckks 863449 863442 2026-06-21T19:24:27Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349864428|Insheeption]]" 863449 wikitext text/x-wiki " '''Insheeption:''' shine kashi na goma na kakar wasa ta goma sha huɗu ta shirin talabijin mai rai na Amurka ''South Park'', kuma kashi na 205 na shirin gaba ɗaya. An fara shi a ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 2010, a kan Comedy Central a Amurka. A cikin shirin, Stan da Mr. Mackey suna fama da [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|matsalar tara kuɗi]] . A ƙoƙarin gano musabbabin hakan, sun makale a cikin mafarkin Mr. Mackey. Shirin ya yi kama da shirin talabijin mai suna ''[[Masu tarawa (jerin talabijin)|Hoarders]]'', ''Hoarding: Buried Alive'', da kuma fim ɗin ''Inception.''<ref>O'Neal, Sean (October 22, 2010). "South Park creators apologize for borrowing from CollegeHumor Inception parody". The A.V. Club. Retrieved March 12, 2022.</ref><ref>Dave ITZKOFF (October 22, 2010). "South Park Creators Apologize for Using Other Writers' Lines". The New York Times.</ref> Wanda ya ƙirƙiri shirin Trey Parker ne ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni, kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta TV-MA -LV a Amurka da kuma MA15+(a) a Ostiraliya. == Labari == Bayan Wendy ta nuna damuwa cewa Stan yana fama da [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|tarin kayan da ba dole ba]], sai ya yarda a duba shi. Wani kwararre a fannin tara kayan tarihi mai suna Dr. Chinstrap, da sauran ɗaliban makarantar, sun taimaka wa Stan ya duba akwatin ajiyarsa, wanda ke cike da wasu abubuwa marasa kyau, ciki har da sandwich da tsutsa ta cika da shi da kuma buroshin haƙora wanda Stan, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya rasa nutsuwarsa, ya ƙi dainawa, wanda ya ba Kyle, Kenny, Cartman, Wendy da sauran ɗaliban makarantar mamaki. Sun aika shi wurin Mr. Mackey, wanda bai san menene tarin kayan ba; Stan ya gano cewa Mackey da kansa mai tara kayan tarihi ne. Stan da Mackey, tare da wani makiyayi mai suna Mr. Yeoman (wanda aka saba kiransa da "mai ɗaukar tumaki"), an haɗa su da wata na'ura wadda Chinstrap da mataimakinsa Dr. Pinkerton suka bayyana cewa za su taimaka musu su gano dalilin da yasa suke tara kuɗi ta hanyar karkatar da su zuwa ga tunaninsu. Bayan ɗan lokaci, a cikin tunanin Mackey, wani yaro mai suna Billy Thompson yana cin zarafinsa, wanda ya yi barazanar kai wa Mackey hari a wani balaguron filin wasa washegari. Daga nan Mackey ya ci karo da Stan da mai tattara tumaki wanda, kamar yadda masana kimiyya suka bayyana, suna nan saboda ƙarfin mafarkin Mackey. A cikin mafarkin, Stan ya koma gida tare da Mackey ya yi ƙoƙarin hana shi mafarkin, amma Mackey ya yi wasa da Lite-Brite da sauran kayan wasansa na zamanin 70 da kallon ''ZOOM'' . Randy ya dage cewa dole ne ya ceci ɗansa daga mafarkin duk da gargaɗin Chinstrap cewa zai makale a can har abada. Mafarkin ya ci gaba da zuwa washegari da safe lokacin da Stan, Mackey, mai tara tumaki, da yaran suka shiga bas don tafiyar filin wasa. Stan ya ga Randy ba zato ba tsammani, wanda, saboda wani dalili, ya rikide ya zama malam buɗe ido. Stan ya tambaya ko ya zo don taimakawa, amma Randy ya bayyana cewa, yayin da hakan shine manufarsa, ya fi damuwa da samun "malam [[wiktionary:poon|buɗe]] ido". Pinkerton ya yi iƙirarin cewa sun kira wani rukuni na "ƙwararru" a cikin nau'in manyan haruffa daga ''Inception'' (ɗaya daga cikinsu yana canzawa zuwa mamba na NFL Matt Hasselbeck ) don shiga cikin mafarkin don ƙirƙirar "mafarki a cikin mafarki" da kuma ceto su, tare da Chinstrap yana ba da sautunan boombox suna sake ƙirƙirar jigon kiɗan ''Inception'' yayin bayanin. Rukunin na biyu, 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga ''Inception'', suna zuwa suna harbin mutane kafin su shiga mafarkin, inda suka ci gaba da harbin mutane da yawa a cikin daji yayin da ƙungiyar ta iso. An gabatar da Stan, mai tara tumaki, da Mackey ga Woodsy Owl, wata mujiya mai taken "ba da hankali, kada ka gurbata" kafin a saka su tare da Billy da abokansa biyu. Yanzu haka an ga Chinstrap da Pinkerton suna neman masu kashe gobara don shiga cikin mafarkin su fara ƙoƙarin bayyana wa Sharon abubuwan da suka faru (idan aka kwatanta da taco a cikin taco a cikin Taco Bell a cikin KFC a cikin wani babban kanti a cikin mafarki), wacce ta yi iƙirarin cewa duk abin yana da ban dariya da wauta. Wani mutum a pizza ya zo aka kuma aika shi, kamar yadda aka gaya wa Sharon ba ta fahimta ba saboda ba ta da wayo. A cikin mafarkin, Mackey da Stan suna gudu daga masu zaluntar lokacin da Stan ya shawo kan Mackey ya tsaya wa kansa. A zahiri, Chinstrap ya yanke shawarar cewa mafarkin ya yi ƙarfi sosai, kuma a wannan lokacin, dole ne su nemi "mai kutse mafi ƙarfi a duniya" wanda shine Freddy Krueger . Duk da cewa Freddy Krueger bai so ya dawo ba, yana mai cewa Chinstrap yana buƙatar ya kashe matasa da yawa da nufin cewa zai taimaka wajen 'dakatar da Rashawa', sun shawo kansa ya taimaka a karo na ƙarshe. A cikin mafarkin Mackey, Mackey ya shirya yin faɗa, sai kawai ƙungiyar ƙwararru ta biyu ta iso, inda suka kashe Billy da masu azabtarwa kafin masu kashe gobara su iso, wanda suka ɗauka zai warkar da Mackey ya kuma kawo ƙarshen mafarkin. Amma lokacin da suka fahimci cewa Mackey bai farka ba, sai ya tuna abin da ya faru, yana bayanin ya gudu daga masu zaluntar ya shiga wani ɗaki, inda wani ya yi masa magana mai kyau amma sai ya taɓa shi ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba. Daga nan sai Mackey ya zo kan wannan ɗakin ya shiga, ya bayyana wani matashin Mackey da Woodsy Owl ya yi lalata da shi. Daga nan sai Woodsy ya zama dodo mai ban tsoro, ya kashe mai tara tumaki kuma ya rinjaye 'yan wasan Inception kafin Freddy Krueger ya kashe shi daga baya. Da aka lalata Woodsy, kowa ya farka, kuma Mackey ya bayyana cewa dole ne ya zama mai tara kuɗi bayan ya yi imanin cewa Woodsy ya yi masa lalata saboda bai yi ƙoƙari sosai don kada ya gurɓata ba. Freddy ya wuce gona da iri domin bai iya ceton makiyayin tumaki ba (abin mamaki, shi kaɗai ne ya gane shi a matsayin makiyayi). Bayan sun fahimci raunin da Mackey ya samu a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, sun ba Stan shawarar ya ci gaba da yin maganinsa yanzu, amma ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana da ra'ayi mafi kyau. Daga nan sai aka gan shi yana jefar da kayan a cikin kabad ɗinsa. Wendy da Kyle suka tambaye shi menene matsalarsa, kuma Stan ya ce bayan abin da ya faru da Mackey, ba ya son wani magani. Kyle ya ba da shawarar cewa wataƙila hakan "shine maganinku." A ƙarshe, Chinstrap ya sake fitowa yana yin waƙar ''Inception'' yayin da shirin ya ƙare. == Manazarta == 85slgg7w0is7p8l47t2k6t7ld4vpej5 863451 863449 2026-06-21T19:24:44Z Sardeeq 39275 863451 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} " '''Insheeption:''' shine kashi na goma na kakar wasa ta goma sha huɗu ta shirin talabijin mai rai na Amurka ''South Park'', kuma kashi na 205 na shirin gaba ɗaya. An fara shi a ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 2010, a kan Comedy Central a Amurka. A cikin shirin, Stan da Mr. Mackey suna fama da [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|matsalar tara kuɗi]] . A ƙoƙarin gano musabbabin hakan, sun makale a cikin mafarkin Mr. Mackey. Shirin ya yi kama da shirin talabijin mai suna ''[[Masu tarawa (jerin talabijin)|Hoarders]]'', ''Hoarding: Buried Alive'', da kuma fim ɗin ''Inception.''<ref>O'Neal, Sean (October 22, 2010). "South Park creators apologize for borrowing from CollegeHumor Inception parody". The A.V. Club. Retrieved March 12, 2022.</ref><ref>Dave ITZKOFF (October 22, 2010). "South Park Creators Apologize for Using Other Writers' Lines". The New York Times.</ref> Wanda ya ƙirƙiri shirin Trey Parker ne ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni, kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta TV-MA -LV a Amurka da kuma MA15+(a) a Ostiraliya. == Labari == Bayan Wendy ta nuna damuwa cewa Stan yana fama da [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|tarin kayan da ba dole ba]], sai ya yarda a duba shi. Wani kwararre a fannin tara kayan tarihi mai suna Dr. Chinstrap, da sauran ɗaliban makarantar, sun taimaka wa Stan ya duba akwatin ajiyarsa, wanda ke cike da wasu abubuwa marasa kyau, ciki har da sandwich da tsutsa ta cika da shi da kuma buroshin haƙora wanda Stan, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya rasa nutsuwarsa, ya ƙi dainawa, wanda ya ba Kyle, Kenny, Cartman, Wendy da sauran ɗaliban makarantar mamaki. Sun aika shi wurin Mr. Mackey, wanda bai san menene tarin kayan ba; Stan ya gano cewa Mackey da kansa mai tara kayan tarihi ne. Stan da Mackey, tare da wani makiyayi mai suna Mr. Yeoman (wanda aka saba kiransa da "mai ɗaukar tumaki"), an haɗa su da wata na'ura wadda Chinstrap da mataimakinsa Dr. Pinkerton suka bayyana cewa za su taimaka musu su gano dalilin da yasa suke tara kuɗi ta hanyar karkatar da su zuwa ga tunaninsu. Bayan ɗan lokaci, a cikin tunanin Mackey, wani yaro mai suna Billy Thompson yana cin zarafinsa, wanda ya yi barazanar kai wa Mackey hari a wani balaguron filin wasa washegari. Daga nan Mackey ya ci karo da Stan da mai tattara tumaki wanda, kamar yadda masana kimiyya suka bayyana, suna nan saboda ƙarfin mafarkin Mackey. A cikin mafarkin, Stan ya koma gida tare da Mackey ya yi ƙoƙarin hana shi mafarkin, amma Mackey ya yi wasa da Lite-Brite da sauran kayan wasansa na zamanin 70 da kallon ''ZOOM'' . Randy ya dage cewa dole ne ya ceci ɗansa daga mafarkin duk da gargaɗin Chinstrap cewa zai makale a can har abada. Mafarkin ya ci gaba da zuwa washegari da safe lokacin da Stan, Mackey, mai tara tumaki, da yaran suka shiga bas don tafiyar filin wasa. Stan ya ga Randy ba zato ba tsammani, wanda, saboda wani dalili, ya rikide ya zama malam buɗe ido. Stan ya tambaya ko ya zo don taimakawa, amma Randy ya bayyana cewa, yayin da hakan shine manufarsa, ya fi damuwa da samun "malam [[wiktionary:poon|buɗe]] ido". Pinkerton ya yi iƙirarin cewa sun kira wani rukuni na "ƙwararru" a cikin nau'in manyan haruffa daga ''Inception'' (ɗaya daga cikinsu yana canzawa zuwa mamba na NFL Matt Hasselbeck ) don shiga cikin mafarkin don ƙirƙirar "mafarki a cikin mafarki" da kuma ceto su, tare da Chinstrap yana ba da sautunan boombox suna sake ƙirƙirar jigon kiɗan ''Inception'' yayin bayanin. Rukunin na biyu, 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga ''Inception'', suna zuwa suna harbin mutane kafin su shiga mafarkin, inda suka ci gaba da harbin mutane da yawa a cikin daji yayin da ƙungiyar ta iso. An gabatar da Stan, mai tara tumaki, da Mackey ga Woodsy Owl, wata mujiya mai taken "ba da hankali, kada ka gurbata" kafin a saka su tare da Billy da abokansa biyu. Yanzu haka an ga Chinstrap da Pinkerton suna neman masu kashe gobara don shiga cikin mafarkin su fara ƙoƙarin bayyana wa Sharon abubuwan da suka faru (idan aka kwatanta da taco a cikin taco a cikin Taco Bell a cikin KFC a cikin wani babban kanti a cikin mafarki), wacce ta yi iƙirarin cewa duk abin yana da ban dariya da wauta. Wani mutum a pizza ya zo aka kuma aika shi, kamar yadda aka gaya wa Sharon ba ta fahimta ba saboda ba ta da wayo. A cikin mafarkin, Mackey da Stan suna gudu daga masu zaluntar lokacin da Stan ya shawo kan Mackey ya tsaya wa kansa. A zahiri, Chinstrap ya yanke shawarar cewa mafarkin ya yi ƙarfi sosai, kuma a wannan lokacin, dole ne su nemi "mai kutse mafi ƙarfi a duniya" wanda shine Freddy Krueger . Duk da cewa Freddy Krueger bai so ya dawo ba, yana mai cewa Chinstrap yana buƙatar ya kashe matasa da yawa da nufin cewa zai taimaka wajen 'dakatar da Rashawa', sun shawo kansa ya taimaka a karo na ƙarshe. A cikin mafarkin Mackey, Mackey ya shirya yin faɗa, sai kawai ƙungiyar ƙwararru ta biyu ta iso, inda suka kashe Billy da masu azabtarwa kafin masu kashe gobara su iso, wanda suka ɗauka zai warkar da Mackey ya kuma kawo ƙarshen mafarkin. Amma lokacin da suka fahimci cewa Mackey bai farka ba, sai ya tuna abin da ya faru, yana bayanin ya gudu daga masu zaluntar ya shiga wani ɗaki, inda wani ya yi masa magana mai kyau amma sai ya taɓa shi ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba. Daga nan sai Mackey ya zo kan wannan ɗakin ya shiga, ya bayyana wani matashin Mackey da Woodsy Owl ya yi lalata da shi. Daga nan sai Woodsy ya zama dodo mai ban tsoro, ya kashe mai tara tumaki kuma ya rinjaye 'yan wasan Inception kafin Freddy Krueger ya kashe shi daga baya. Da aka lalata Woodsy, kowa ya farka, kuma Mackey ya bayyana cewa dole ne ya zama mai tara kuɗi bayan ya yi imanin cewa Woodsy ya yi masa lalata saboda bai yi ƙoƙari sosai don kada ya gurɓata ba. Freddy ya wuce gona da iri domin bai iya ceton makiyayin tumaki ba (abin mamaki, shi kaɗai ne ya gane shi a matsayin makiyayi). Bayan sun fahimci raunin da Mackey ya samu a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, sun ba Stan shawarar ya ci gaba da yin maganinsa yanzu, amma ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana da ra'ayi mafi kyau. Daga nan sai aka gan shi yana jefar da kayan a cikin kabad ɗinsa. Wendy da Kyle suka tambaye shi menene matsalarsa, kuma Stan ya ce bayan abin da ya faru da Mackey, ba ya son wani magani. Kyle ya ba da shawarar cewa wataƙila hakan "shine maganinku." A ƙarshe, Chinstrap ya sake fitowa yana yin waƙar ''Inception'' yayin da shirin ya ƙare. == Manazarta == huvcxcezxolcitva3yo3tj2pnu5r7tb 0 116274 863298 857464 2026-06-21T15:46:50Z Murtala Abubakar Sokoto 45981 863298 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Masallacin Shehu Usman Mujadadi da Ke Garin Sokoto''' ko kuma wanda akafi sani da Masallacin [[Usman Dan Fodiyo|Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo]] dake a cikin garin Sokoto. <ref>https://prayersconnect.com/mosques/56682378-sokoto-central-mosque-sokoto-sokoto-nigeria/tv</ref> == Tarihi == Masallacin Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo da ke cikin garin Sakkwato muhimmin wurin ibada ne kuma ana girmama shi ƙwarai. An kafa masallacin ne a shekara ta 1815 lokacin da Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo ya zauna a Sakkwato a sabon unguwar Sabon Birni. An gina masallacin ne a shekara ta 1815 ta hannun Muhammadu Bello, ɗan Shehu na huɗu. Rahoton baka ya bayyana cewa an kafa wani kwamiti da aka ɗora masa alhakin gina gida da masallaci ga Shehu kamar yadda aka yi lokacin da Shehu ya zauna da Jama'ar sa a Gudu. Masallacin da aka gina a Gudu shi ne wanda aka kafa bayan da al’ummar Musulmi suka zaɓi Shehu ya zama Sarkin Musulmi, suka kuma yi masa mubaya’a. Shugaban kwamitin da aka kafa a Sakkwato shi ne Aliyu Jedo. == Wuri == Masallacin yana a kan titin Sultan Bello cikin birnin Sokoto. yanzu haka massalacin shehu na kusa ga Hubbaren Shehu Usman Dan Fodiyo, [[thumb]] yanzu haka akwai Gidan da ke kula da sha'anin limancin masallacin wanda anyi limamai da yawa tun daga limamain Shehu Usmanu na farko har zuwa yanzu. hajrshatx3ur5rki97jeso3jre46mmv 0 118267 863804 724609 2026-06-22T11:07:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Peter Mercallo Nasir''' ɗan siyasan Sudan ta Kudu ne wanda shine Ministan makamashi da Dams a shekarar 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hon. Peter Marcello Nasir Info & Biography {{!}} Oil & Gas Conference Speaker |url=https://energycapitalpower.com/speaker/hon-peter-marcello-nasir-2/ |access-date=2022-07-22 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722130006/https://energycapitalpower.com/speaker/hon-peter-marcello-nasir-2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Naɗa shi == Wanda Shugaba [[Salva Kiir Mayardit]] ne ya nada shi, a matsayin Ministan Makamashi da Dams a shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-12 |title=Kiir appoints ministers |url=https://www.eyeradio.org/kiir-announces-his-new-cabinet/ |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=Eye Radio |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-19 |title=South Sudan President Salva Kiir names full Cabinet |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/world/south-sudan-president-salva-kiir-names-full-cabinet-1880066 |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> == Inda Aka Samu Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] o8lo5r9i466hg5z2zdnlp8s0sbg893q 0 119793 862906 816864 2026-06-21T12:18:54Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Mission" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345621189|Nigerian Export-Import Bank]]" 862906 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Bankin fitar da kayayyaki na [[Najeriya]] (NEXIM) hukuma ce ta bashi a Najeriya, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1991. A cikin aikinta, NEXIM tana mai da hankali kan ci gaba da faɗaɗa ɓangarorin da ba na mai ba na tattalin arziƙin Najeriya, tare da la'akari da rage dogaro da ƙasar kan fitar da mai. == Aikin == Manufar NEXIM ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙananan, matsakaita, da manyan kamfanoni a dukkan fannoni na tattalin arziƙi, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari, da kuma ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da suka yi dai-dai da manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Hedikwatar Nexim tana cikin NEXIM House, Gundumar Kasuwanci ta Tsakiya, [[Abuja]]" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Garki, Abuja">Garki, Abuja, Najeriya.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: Contact Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=7 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307204826/https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidan Nexim yana da iyaka da Kur Mohammed Avenue zuwa arewa, Ahmadu Bello Way zuwa gabas da Constitution Avenue zuwa kudu. Yanayinta na ƙasa sune: 09°03'44.0"N, 07°29'37.0"E (Latitude: 09.062222; Longitude:07.493611). == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == An kafa NEXIM a cikin shekarar 1991 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin [[Babban Bankin Najeriya]] (CBN) da [[Ma'aikatar Kudin Tarayyar Najeriya|Ma'aikatar Kudi ta Tarayya]] (MOFI), tare da babban birnin NGN: 50,000,000,000 (kimanin dala miliyan 132 a cikin kudi na 2021). <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun haɗa da: <ref name="4R"/> 1. "Samun tabbacin bashi na fitarwa da inshorar bashi na fitar da kayayyaki ga abokan ciniki masu cancanta". 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar ƙasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R"/> == Mallaka == Cibiyar hada-hadar kuɗi mallakar CBN da MOFI ne, a kan tushen 50/50. <ref name="4R"/> == Matsayin kuɗi == Ya zuwa 31 ga Disamban shekarar 2015, jimlar kadarorin bankin an kimanta su a NGN:64,731,403,000 (kimanin US $ 170,562,000 a cikin kuɗin 2021), tare da babban birnin masu hannun jari na NGN:41,150,885,000 (US $ 108,429,000). <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=April 2019 |title=Audited Financial Statement As of 31 December 2015 |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=1 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001200153/https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> == Dubi kuma == * [[Bankunan Najeriya|Jerin bankunan a Najeriya]] * [[Tattalin arzikin Najeriya]] * [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] == Ofishin Jakadancin == '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.wand.com/CORE/CompanyProfile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&RGID=GLOBAL Bayanan Kamfanin A Wand.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305131544/http://www.wand.com/core/companyprofile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&rgid=global |date=2016-03-05 }} An adana shi Ya zuwa Afrilu 2015. * [https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ Bankin NEXIM: Matsayi Tattalin Arziki Don Ayyukan Bayan Rikicin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120171122/https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ |date=2022-01-20 }} Ya zuwa Nuwamba 2020. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] p4ki3aa2s1m9q112zl79dba39qsu9if 862907 862906 2026-06-21T12:21:02Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Location" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345621189|Nigerian Export-Import Bank]]" 862907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Bankin fitar da kayayyaki na [[Najeriya]] (NEXIM) hukuma ce ta bashi a Najeriya, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1991. A cikin aikinta, NEXIM tana mai da hankali kan ci gaba da faɗaɗa ɓangarorin da ba na mai ba na tattalin arziƙin Najeriya, tare da la'akari da rage dogaro da ƙasar kan fitar da mai. == Aikin == Manufar NEXIM ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙananan, matsakaita, da manyan kamfanoni a dukkan fannoni na tattalin arziƙi, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari, da kuma ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da suka yi dai-dai da manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Hedikwatar Nexim tana cikin NEXIM House, Gundumar Kasuwanci ta Tsakiya, [[Abuja]]" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Garki, Abuja">Garki, Abuja, Najeriya.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: Contact Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=7 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307204826/https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidan Nexim yana da iyaka da Kur Mohammed Avenue zuwa arewa, Ahmadu Bello Way zuwa gabas da Constitution Avenue zuwa kudu. Yanayinta na ƙasa sune: 09°03'44.0"N, 07°29'37.0"E (Latitude: 09.062222; Longitude:07.493611). == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == An kafa NEXIM a cikin shekarar 1991 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin [[Babban Bankin Najeriya]] (CBN) da [[Ma'aikatar Kudin Tarayyar Najeriya|Ma'aikatar Kudi ta Tarayya]] (MOFI), tare da babban birnin NGN: 50,000,000,000 (kimanin dala miliyan 132 a cikin kudi na 2021). <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun haɗa da: <ref name="4R"/> 1. "Samun tabbacin bashi na fitarwa da inshorar bashi na fitar da kayayyaki ga abokan ciniki masu cancanta". 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar ƙasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R"/> == Mallaka == Cibiyar hada-hadar kuɗi mallakar CBN da MOFI ne, a kan tushen 50/50. <ref name="4R"/> == Matsayin kuɗi == Ya zuwa 31 ga Disamban shekarar 2015, jimlar kadarorin bankin an kimanta su a NGN:64,731,403,000 (kimanin US $ 170,562,000 a cikin kuɗin 2021), tare da babban birnin masu hannun jari na NGN:41,150,885,000 (US $ 108,429,000). <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=April 2019 |title=Audited Financial Statement As of 31 December 2015 |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=1 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001200153/https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> == Dubi kuma == * [[Bankunan Najeriya|Jerin bankunan a Najeriya]] * [[Tattalin arzikin Najeriya]] * [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] == Ofishin Jakadancin == '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wuri == Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.wand.com/CORE/CompanyProfile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&RGID=GLOBAL Bayanan Kamfanin A Wand.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305131544/http://www.wand.com/core/companyprofile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&rgid=global |date=2016-03-05 }} An adana shi Ya zuwa Afrilu 2015. * [https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ Bankin NEXIM: Matsayi Tattalin Arziki Don Ayyukan Bayan Rikicin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120171122/https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ |date=2022-01-20 }} Ya zuwa Nuwamba 2020. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7j64dwiy967r8wldb2chspq3dpkuq9a 862910 862907 2026-06-21T12:25:58Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Overview" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345621189|Nigerian Export-Import Bank]]" 862910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Bankin fitar da kayayyaki na [[Najeriya]] (NEXIM) hukuma ce ta bashi a Najeriya, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1991. A cikin aikinta, NEXIM tana mai da hankali kan ci gaba da faɗaɗa ɓangarorin da ba na mai ba na tattalin arziƙin Najeriya, tare da la'akari da rage dogaro da ƙasar kan fitar da mai. == Aikin == Manufar NEXIM ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙananan, matsakaita, da manyan kamfanoni a dukkan fannoni na tattalin arziƙi, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari, da kuma ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da suka yi dai-dai da manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Hedikwatar Nexim tana cikin NEXIM House, Gundumar Kasuwanci ta Tsakiya, [[Abuja]]" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Garki, Abuja">Garki, Abuja, Najeriya.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: Contact Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=7 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307204826/https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidan Nexim yana da iyaka da Kur Mohammed Avenue zuwa arewa, Ahmadu Bello Way zuwa gabas da Constitution Avenue zuwa kudu. Yanayinta na ƙasa sune: 09°03'44.0"N, 07°29'37.0"E (Latitude: 09.062222; Longitude:07.493611). == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == An kafa NEXIM a cikin shekarar 1991 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin [[Babban Bankin Najeriya]] (CBN) da [[Ma'aikatar Kudin Tarayyar Najeriya|Ma'aikatar Kudi ta Tarayya]] (MOFI), tare da babban birnin NGN: 50,000,000,000 (kimanin dala miliyan 132 a cikin kudi na 2021). <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun haɗa da: <ref name="4R"/> 1. "Samun tabbacin bashi na fitarwa da inshorar bashi na fitar da kayayyaki ga abokan ciniki masu cancanta". 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar ƙasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R"/> == Mallaka == Cibiyar hada-hadar kuɗi mallakar CBN da MOFI ne, a kan tushen 50/50. <ref name="4R"/> == Matsayin kuɗi == Ya zuwa 31 ga Disamban shekarar 2015, jimlar kadarorin bankin an kimanta su a NGN:64,731,403,000 (kimanin US $ 170,562,000 a cikin kuɗin 2021), tare da babban birnin masu hannun jari na NGN:41,150,885,000 (US $ 108,429,000). <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=April 2019 |title=Audited Financial Statement As of 31 December 2015 |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=1 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001200153/https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> == Dubi kuma == * [[Bankunan Najeriya|Jerin bankunan a Najeriya]] * [[Tattalin arzikin Najeriya]] * [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] == Ofishin Jakadancin == '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wuri == Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya. == Dubawa == A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun hada da: <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> 1. ""Samar da garanti na bashin fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje (Export Credit Guarantee) da kuma inshorar bashin fitar da kaya (Export Credit Insurance) ga kwastomomin da suka cancanta." 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar kasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNEXIM2021">NEXIM (27 February 2021). [https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ "NEXIM Bank: About Us"]. Abuja: NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.wand.com/CORE/CompanyProfile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&RGID=GLOBAL Bayanan Kamfanin A Wand.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305131544/http://www.wand.com/core/companyprofile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&rgid=global |date=2016-03-05 }} An adana shi Ya zuwa Afrilu 2015. * [https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ Bankin NEXIM: Matsayi Tattalin Arziki Don Ayyukan Bayan Rikicin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120171122/https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ |date=2022-01-20 }} Ya zuwa Nuwamba 2020. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] mwf5w9urgoips9wb56gwz846ana5qy5 863729 862910 2026-06-22T09:19:28Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Ownership" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345621189|Nigerian Export-Import Bank]]" 863729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Bankin fitar da kayayyaki na [[Najeriya]] (NEXIM) hukuma ce ta bashi a Najeriya, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1991. A cikin aikinta, NEXIM tana mai da hankali kan ci gaba da faɗaɗa ɓangarorin da ba na mai ba na tattalin arziƙin Najeriya, tare da la'akari da rage dogaro da ƙasar kan fitar da mai. == Aikin == Manufar NEXIM ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙananan, matsakaita, da manyan kamfanoni a dukkan fannoni na tattalin arziƙi, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari, da kuma ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da suka yi dai-dai da manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Hedikwatar Nexim tana cikin NEXIM House, Gundumar Kasuwanci ta Tsakiya, [[Abuja]]" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Garki, Abuja">Garki, Abuja, Najeriya.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: Contact Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=7 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307204826/https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidan Nexim yana da iyaka da Kur Mohammed Avenue zuwa arewa, Ahmadu Bello Way zuwa gabas da Constitution Avenue zuwa kudu. Yanayinta na ƙasa sune: 09°03'44.0"N, 07°29'37.0"E (Latitude: 09.062222; Longitude:07.493611). == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == An kafa NEXIM a cikin shekarar 1991 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin [[Babban Bankin Najeriya]] (CBN) da [[Ma'aikatar Kudin Tarayyar Najeriya|Ma'aikatar Kudi ta Tarayya]] (MOFI), tare da babban birnin NGN: 50,000,000,000 (kimanin dala miliyan 132 a cikin kudi na 2021). <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun haɗa da: <ref name="4R"/> 1. "Samun tabbacin bashi na fitarwa da inshorar bashi na fitar da kayayyaki ga abokan ciniki masu cancanta". 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar ƙasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R"/> == Mallaka == Cibiyar hada-hadar kuɗi mallakar CBN da MOFI ne, a kan tushen 50/50. <ref name="4R"/> == Matsayin kuɗi == Ya zuwa 31 ga Disamban shekarar 2015, jimlar kadarorin bankin an kimanta su a NGN:64,731,403,000 (kimanin US $ 170,562,000 a cikin kuɗin 2021), tare da babban birnin masu hannun jari na NGN:41,150,885,000 (US $ 108,429,000). <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=April 2019 |title=Audited Financial Statement As of 31 December 2015 |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=1 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001200153/https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> == Dubi kuma == * [[Bankunan Najeriya|Jerin bankunan a Najeriya]] * [[Tattalin arzikin Najeriya]] * [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] == Ofishin Jakadancin == '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wuri == Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya. == Dubawa == A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun hada da: <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> 1. ""Samar da garanti na bashin fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje (Export Credit Guarantee) da kuma inshorar bashin fitar da kaya (Export Credit Insurance) ga kwastomomin da suka cancanta." 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar kasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNEXIM2021">NEXIM (27 February 2021). [https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ "NEXIM Bank: About Us"]. Abuja: NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Ownership == Cibiyar kuɗin tana mallakar haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) da Kamfanin Kula da Zuba Jarin Gwamnati na Najeriya (MOFI), inda kowanne bangare yake da kaso 50 cikin 100 (50%) na mallaka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.wand.com/CORE/CompanyProfile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&RGID=GLOBAL Bayanan Kamfanin A Wand.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305131544/http://www.wand.com/core/companyprofile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&rgid=global |date=2016-03-05 }} An adana shi Ya zuwa Afrilu 2015. * [https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ Bankin NEXIM: Matsayi Tattalin Arziki Don Ayyukan Bayan Rikicin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120171122/https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ |date=2022-01-20 }} Ya zuwa Nuwamba 2020. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hww67ghpm340vzsckzlxm5z6j29ht2z 863730 863729 2026-06-22T09:22:24Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Location" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345621189|Nigerian Export-Import Bank]]" 863730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Bankin fitar da kayayyaki na [[Najeriya]] (NEXIM) hukuma ce ta bashi a Najeriya, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1991. A cikin aikinta, NEXIM tana mai da hankali kan ci gaba da faɗaɗa ɓangarorin da ba na mai ba na tattalin arziƙin Najeriya, tare da la'akari da rage dogaro da ƙasar kan fitar da mai. == Aikin == Manufar NEXIM ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙananan, matsakaita, da manyan kamfanoni a dukkan fannoni na tattalin arziƙi, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari, da kuma ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da suka yi dai-dai da manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Hedikwatar Nexim tana cikin NEXIM House, Gundumar Kasuwanci ta Tsakiya, [[Abuja]]" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Garki, Abuja">Garki, Abuja, Najeriya.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: Contact Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=7 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307204826/https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidan Nexim yana da iyaka da Kur Mohammed Avenue zuwa arewa, Ahmadu Bello Way zuwa gabas da Constitution Avenue zuwa kudu. Yanayinta na ƙasa sune: 09°03'44.0"N, 07°29'37.0"E (Latitude: 09.062222; Longitude:07.493611). == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == An kafa NEXIM a cikin shekarar 1991 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin [[Babban Bankin Najeriya]] (CBN) da [[Ma'aikatar Kudin Tarayyar Najeriya|Ma'aikatar Kudi ta Tarayya]] (MOFI), tare da babban birnin NGN: 50,000,000,000 (kimanin dala miliyan 132 a cikin kudi na 2021). <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun haɗa da: <ref name="4R"/> 1. "Samun tabbacin bashi na fitarwa da inshorar bashi na fitar da kayayyaki ga abokan ciniki masu cancanta". 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar ƙasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R"/> == Mallaka == Cibiyar hada-hadar kuɗi mallakar CBN da MOFI ne, a kan tushen 50/50. <ref name="4R"/> == Matsayin kuɗi == Ya zuwa 31 ga Disamban shekarar 2015, jimlar kadarorin bankin an kimanta su a NGN:64,731,403,000 (kimanin US $ 170,562,000 a cikin kuɗin 2021), tare da babban birnin masu hannun jari na NGN:41,150,885,000 (US $ 108,429,000). <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=April 2019 |title=Audited Financial Statement As of 31 December 2015 |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=1 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001200153/https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> == Dubi kuma == * [[Bankunan Najeriya|Jerin bankunan a Najeriya]] * [[Tattalin arzikin Najeriya]] * [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] == Ofishin Jakadancin == '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wuri == Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya.   '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya. A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun hada da: <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> 1. ""Samar da garanti na bashin fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje (Export Credit Guarantee) da kuma inshorar bashin fitar da kaya (Export Credit Insurance) ga kwastomomin da suka cancanta." 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar kasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> Cibiyar kuɗin tana mallakar haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) da Kamfanin Kula da Zuba Jarin Gwamnati na Najeriya (MOFI), inda kowanne bangare yake da kaso 50 cikin 100 (50%) na mallaka. == Dubawa == A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun hada da: <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> 1. ""Samar da garanti na bashin fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje (Export Credit Guarantee) da kuma inshorar bashin fitar da kaya (Export Credit Insurance) ga kwastomomin da suka cancanta." 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar kasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNEXIM2021">NEXIM (27 February 2021). [https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ "NEXIM Bank: About Us"]. Abuja: NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Ownership == Cibiyar kuɗin tana mallakar haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) da Kamfanin Kula da Zuba Jarin Gwamnati na Najeriya (MOFI), inda kowanne bangare yake da kaso 50 cikin 100 (50%) na mallaka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.wand.com/CORE/CompanyProfile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&RGID=GLOBAL Bayanan Kamfanin A Wand.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305131544/http://www.wand.com/core/companyprofile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&rgid=global |date=2016-03-05 }} An adana shi Ya zuwa Afrilu 2015. * [https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ Bankin NEXIM: Matsayi Tattalin Arziki Don Ayyukan Bayan Rikicin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120171122/https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ |date=2022-01-20 }} Ya zuwa Nuwamba 2020. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 67gs5e8x635y2zjo610fuxn4z5195h2 863733 863730 2026-06-22T09:28:04Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Financial position" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345621189|Nigerian Export-Import Bank]]" 863733 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Bankin fitar da kayayyaki na [[Najeriya]] (NEXIM) hukuma ce ta bashi a Najeriya, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1991. A cikin aikinta, NEXIM tana mai da hankali kan ci gaba da faɗaɗa ɓangarorin da ba na mai ba na tattalin arziƙin Najeriya, tare da la'akari da rage dogaro da ƙasar kan fitar da mai. == Aikin == Manufar NEXIM ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙananan, matsakaita, da manyan kamfanoni a dukkan fannoni na tattalin arziƙi, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari, da kuma ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da suka yi dai-dai da manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Hedikwatar Nexim tana cikin NEXIM House, Gundumar Kasuwanci ta Tsakiya, [[Abuja]]" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Garki, Abuja">Garki, Abuja, Najeriya.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: Contact Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=7 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307204826/https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidan Nexim yana da iyaka da Kur Mohammed Avenue zuwa arewa, Ahmadu Bello Way zuwa gabas da Constitution Avenue zuwa kudu. Yanayinta na ƙasa sune: 09°03'44.0"N, 07°29'37.0"E (Latitude: 09.062222; Longitude:07.493611). == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == An kafa NEXIM a cikin shekarar 1991 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin [[Babban Bankin Najeriya]] (CBN) da [[Ma'aikatar Kudin Tarayyar Najeriya|Ma'aikatar Kudi ta Tarayya]] (MOFI), tare da babban birnin NGN: 50,000,000,000 (kimanin dala miliyan 132 a cikin kudi na 2021). <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun haɗa da: <ref name="4R"/> 1. "Samun tabbacin bashi na fitarwa da inshorar bashi na fitar da kayayyaki ga abokan ciniki masu cancanta". 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar ƙasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R"/> == Mallaka == Cibiyar hada-hadar kuɗi mallakar CBN da MOFI ne, a kan tushen 50/50. <ref name="4R"/> == Matsayin kuɗi == Ya zuwa 31 ga Disamban shekarar 2015, jimlar kadarorin bankin an kimanta su a NGN:64,731,403,000 (kimanin US $ 170,562,000 a cikin kuɗin 2021), tare da babban birnin masu hannun jari na NGN:41,150,885,000 (US $ 108,429,000). <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=April 2019 |title=Audited Financial Statement As of 31 December 2015 |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=1 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001200153/https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> == Dubi kuma == * [[Bankunan Najeriya|Jerin bankunan a Najeriya]] * [[Tattalin arzikin Najeriya]] * [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] == Ofishin Jakadancin == '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wuri == Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya.   '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya. A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun hada da: <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> 1. ""Samar da garanti na bashin fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje (Export Credit Guarantee) da kuma inshorar bashin fitar da kaya (Export Credit Insurance) ga kwastomomin da suka cancanta." 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar kasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> Cibiyar kuɗin tana mallakar haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) da Kamfanin Kula da Zuba Jarin Gwamnati na Najeriya (MOFI), inda kowanne bangare yake da kaso 50 cikin 100 (50%) na mallaka. == Dubawa == A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun hada da: <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> 1. ""Samar da garanti na bashin fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje (Export Credit Guarantee) da kuma inshorar bashin fitar da kaya (Export Credit Insurance) ga kwastomomin da suka cancanta." 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar kasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNEXIM2021">NEXIM (27 February 2021). [https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ "NEXIM Bank: About Us"]. Abuja: NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Ownership == Cibiyar kuɗin tana mallakar haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) da Kamfanin Kula da Zuba Jarin Gwamnati na Najeriya (MOFI), inda kowanne bangare yake da kaso 50 cikin 100 (50%) na mallaka. == Financial position ==   '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya. A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun hada da: <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> 1. ""Samar da garanti na bashin fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje (Export Credit Guarantee) da kuma inshorar bashin fitar da kaya (Export Credit Insurance) ga kwastomomin da suka cancanta." 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar kasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> Cibiyar kuɗin tana mallakar haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) da Kamfanin Kula da Zuba Jarin Gwamnati na Najeriya (MOFI), inda kowanne bangare yake da kaso 50 cikin 100 (50%) na mallaka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.wand.com/CORE/CompanyProfile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&RGID=GLOBAL Bayanan Kamfanin A Wand.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305131544/http://www.wand.com/core/companyprofile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&rgid=global |date=2016-03-05 }} An adana shi Ya zuwa Afrilu 2015. * [https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ Bankin NEXIM: Matsayi Tattalin Arziki Don Ayyukan Bayan Rikicin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120171122/https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ |date=2022-01-20 }} Ya zuwa Nuwamba 2020. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7bnhoshai13zuonzknhtmm206i3x88s 863738 863733 2026-06-22T09:30:52Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An kirkira ta fassara "Mission" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345621189|Nigerian Export-Import Bank]]" 863738 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Bankin fitar da kayayyaki na [[Najeriya]] (NEXIM) hukuma ce ta bashi a Najeriya, wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1991. A cikin aikinta, NEXIM tana mai da hankali kan ci gaba da faɗaɗa ɓangarorin da ba na mai ba na tattalin arziƙin Najeriya, tare da la'akari da rage dogaro da ƙasar kan fitar da mai. == Aikin == Manufar NEXIM ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙananan, matsakaita, da manyan kamfanoni a dukkan fannoni na tattalin arziƙi, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari, da kuma ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da suka yi dai-dai da manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> == Wurin da yake == Hedikwatar Nexim tana cikin NEXIM House, Gundumar Kasuwanci ta Tsakiya, [[Abuja]]" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Garki, Abuja">Garki, Abuja, Najeriya.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: Contact Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=7 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307204826/https://neximbank.com.ng/contact-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidan Nexim yana da iyaka da Kur Mohammed Avenue zuwa arewa, Ahmadu Bello Way zuwa gabas da Constitution Avenue zuwa kudu. Yanayinta na ƙasa sune: 09°03'44.0"N, 07°29'37.0"E (Latitude: 09.062222; Longitude:07.493611). == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == An kafa NEXIM a cikin shekarar 1991 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin [[Babban Bankin Najeriya]] (CBN) da [[Ma'aikatar Kudin Tarayyar Najeriya|Ma'aikatar Kudi ta Tarayya]] (MOFI), tare da babban birnin NGN: 50,000,000,000 (kimanin dala miliyan 132 a cikin kudi na 2021). <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun haɗa da: <ref name="4R"/> 1. "Samun tabbacin bashi na fitarwa da inshorar bashi na fitar da kayayyaki ga abokan ciniki masu cancanta". 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar ƙasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R"/> == Mallaka == Cibiyar hada-hadar kuɗi mallakar CBN da MOFI ne, a kan tushen 50/50. <ref name="4R"/> == Matsayin kuɗi == Ya zuwa 31 ga Disamban shekarar 2015, jimlar kadarorin bankin an kimanta su a NGN:64,731,403,000 (kimanin US $ 170,562,000 a cikin kuɗin 2021), tare da babban birnin masu hannun jari na NGN:41,150,885,000 (US $ 108,429,000). <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=April 2019 |title=Audited Financial Statement As of 31 December 2015 |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM) |archive-date=1 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001200153/https://neximbank.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NEXIM-AFS-2015-FINAL.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> *<small>Lura: US $ 1.00 = NGN379.52 a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2021.</small> == Dubi kuma == * [[Bankunan Najeriya|Jerin bankunan a Najeriya]] * [[Tattalin arzikin Najeriya]] * [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] == Ofishin Jakadancin == '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> .<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref>Manufar Bankin NEXIM ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan kamfanoni a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki. Bankin na cimma wannan buri ne ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ba da shawarwari da jagoranci, bisa manufofin kasuwanci da cinikayya na gwamnati. == Wuri == Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya.   '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya. A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun hada da: <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> 1. ""Samar da garanti na bashin fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje (Export Credit Guarantee) da kuma inshorar bashin fitar da kaya (Export Credit Insurance) ga kwastomomin da suka cancanta." 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar kasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> Cibiyar kuɗin tana mallakar haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) da Kamfanin Kula da Zuba Jarin Gwamnati na Najeriya (MOFI), inda kowanne bangare yake da kaso 50 cikin 100 (50%) na mallaka. == Dubawa == A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun hada da: <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> 1. ""Samar da garanti na bashin fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje (Export Credit Guarantee) da kuma inshorar bashin fitar da kaya (Export Credit Insurance) ga kwastomomin da suka cancanta." 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar kasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNEXIM2021">NEXIM (27 February 2021). [https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ "NEXIM Bank: About Us"]. Abuja: NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Ownership == Cibiyar kuɗin tana mallakar haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) da Kamfanin Kula da Zuba Jarin Gwamnati na Najeriya (MOFI), inda kowanne bangare yake da kaso 50 cikin 100 (50%) na mallaka. == Financial position ==   '''NEXIM''' Manufarsa ita ce ƙara yawan fitar da kayayyakin da ba na mai ba zuwa ƙasashen waje ga ƙanana, matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a dukkan sassan tattalin arziki, ta hanyar samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi, shirye-shiryen ɗaukar haɗari (risk-bearing programs), da kuma ayyukan ba da shawara, bisa manufofin gwamnati na kasuwanci da fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje..<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-20 |title=About Us {{!}} Nigeria Export Import Bank |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175055/https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref> Hedikwatar NEXIM tana a NEXIM House, a Babban Yankin Kasuwanci (Central Business District), Garki, Abuja, Najeriya. A cewar shafin yanar gizon bankin, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukanta sun hada da: <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> 1. ""Samar da garanti na bashin fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje (Export Credit Guarantee) da kuma inshorar bashin fitar da kaya (Export Credit Insurance) ga kwastomomin da suka cancanta." 2. "Samun bashi a cikin kuɗin gida ga abokan cinikinta don tallafawa fitarwa". 3. "Tsarin asusun musayar kasashen waje don ba da rance ga masu fitar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke buƙatar shigo da kayan kasashen waje don sauƙaƙe samar da fitarwa". 4. "Tsarin tsarin bayanai na kasuwanci don tallafawa kasuwancin fitarwa".<ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=NEXIM |date=27 February 2021 |title=NEXIM Bank: About Us |url=https://neximbank.com.ng/about-us/ |access-date=27 February 2021 |publisher=NEXIM Bank (NEXIM)}}</ref> Cibiyar kuɗin tana mallakar haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) da Kamfanin Kula da Zuba Jarin Gwamnati na Najeriya (MOFI), inda kowanne bangare yake da kaso 50 cikin 100 (50%) na mallaka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.wand.com/CORE/CompanyProfile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&RGID=GLOBAL Bayanan Kamfanin A Wand.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305131544/http://www.wand.com/core/companyprofile.aspx?mfgcode=50650411&rgid=global |date=2016-03-05 }} An adana shi Ya zuwa Afrilu 2015. * [https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ Bankin NEXIM: Matsayi Tattalin Arziki Don Ayyukan Bayan Rikicin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120171122/https://leadership.ng/nexim-bank-positioning-the-economy-for-post-crisis-performance/ |date=2022-01-20 }} Ya zuwa Nuwamba 2020. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 132tf2by990v8rww015uop0c6u9xso5 0 120555 863177 735036 2026-06-21T14:59:15Z ~2026-36262-15 46209 /* Manazarta */ 863177 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mayank Gola''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1999) ɗan [[Indiya]] ne, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma mai riƙe da taken da aka fi sani da lashe Mr. Uttar Pradesh 2021 da Mr. India International 2021.<ref>https://www.entrepreneurhunt.com/mayank-gola-crowned-indias-best-model-internet-personality-by-governor-of-india-in-star-studded-awards-gala</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Mayank Gola a Sikandrabad, [[Uttar Pradesh]], ga Ishwar Chand da Bala Devi, kuma ya girma tare da ƴan'uwan Gaurav Gola da Nandni Gola . Ya kuma yi karatu a Makarantar Ilimi ta R.K. sannan daga baya ya sami digiri na farko a Jami'ar Galgotias .<ref>https://studioinhouse.com/talent/mayank-gola_522/</ref><ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9741618/</ref> == Ayyuka == Mayank Gola ya fara yin samfurin a cikin shekara ta 2017 kuma ya yi taƙaitaccen bayyanar a cikin "Fukrey Returns". Ya kammala difloma a cikin wasan kwaikwayo a karkashin Anupam Kher a Mumbai kuma yana da takardar shaidar MMA da takardar Shafin harbi.<ref>https://www.lokmattimes.com/entertainment/mayank-gola-from-mr-india-international-to-bollywood-sensation/</ref> Ya lashe lakabin Mr. [[Uttar Pradesh]] a shekarar 2021 da Mr. India International 2021, sannan ya biyo bayan sanarwa kamar DPIAF Best Model da Actor 2025 da Best Drama Winner 2025. An kuma girmama shi a matsayin "Mafi kyawun Misali da Mutumin Intanet na Indiya" a wani bikin a New Delhi. == Man == {{Reflist}} 7851q65m6sl5tcy2mgeautufb3o1y4l 0 120763 863550 786943 2026-06-21T22:17:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863550 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nico Anthony Jones''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2002) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na Kudancin Kudancin Kwallon Kwallon Kwando na Banbury United . Jones samfurin akadami ta Fulham ne kuma ya fara aikinsa na sana'a tare da Oxford United . Ya koma kulob din Brentford B a 2021, wanda ya buga wa har sai an sake shi a 2023. Bayan haka, ya taka leda a kwallon kafa wanda ba na League ba. An haife shi a Ingila, Jamhuriyar Ireland ta rufe Jones a matakin kasa da shekaru 18. == Ayyukan kulob din == === Shekaru na farko da Oxford United === [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron tsakiya]], Jones ya fara aikin matasa a Fulham Academy a matakin kasa da shekaru 9.<ref name="OxfordProfile" /> Bayan shekaru takwas tare da kulob din, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tallafin karatu tare da kulob din Oxford United a shekarar 2018.<ref name="OxfordProfile">{{Cite web |title=Nico Jones – Defender – Under 21 Team |url=https://www.oufc.co.uk/teams/archived-players/nico-jones2/ |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=Oxford United |archive-date=15 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815120700/https://www.oufc.co.uk/teams/archived-players/nico-jones2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nine New Scholars at Oxford United |url=https://www.oufc.co.uk/news/2018/april/nine-new-scholars2/ |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=www.oufc.co.uk |language=en-gb}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni uku na farko a ƙarshen kakar 2018-19 kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar kwararru ta shekaru biyu, tare da zaɓi na ƙarin shekara, a watan Yunin 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nico Jones Signs First Professional Contract |url=https://www.oufc.co.uk/news/2019/june/nico-jones-signs/ |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=www.oufc.co.uk |language=en-gb}}</ref> Jones ya buga wasan daya kawai a lokacin kakar 2019-20, duk da cewa abin tunawa ne, lokacin da ya jagoranci kulob din Oxford United zuwa nasarar 4-1 na EFL Trophy a kan Crawley Town a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2019. <ref name="Captain">{{Cite web |title=Good Day For Goodrham |url=https://www.oufc.co.uk/news/2019/november/tyler-goodrham-youngest-player/ |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=www.oufc.co.uk |language=en-gb}}</ref> Wannan bayyanar ta sanya shi kyaftin din kulob din mafi ƙanƙanta.<ref name="Captain" /> Jones daga baya an rance shi zuwa yin bayyanar EFL Trophy kuma ya kwashe lokaci a kan aro a kungiyoyin National League South Oxford City da Havant &amp;amp; Waterlooville a lokacin kakar 2019-20 da 2020-21.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nico Jones Joins Oxford City On Loan |url=https://www.oufc.co.uk/news/2020/february/nico-jones-oxford-city-loan/ |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=www.oufc.co.uk |language=en-gb}}</ref> An sake shi a watan Yunin 2021, bayan kulob din ya yi watsi da zaɓin shekara guda a kwangilarsa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U's Announce Retained List |url=https://www.oufc.co.uk/news/2021/may/retained-list/ |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=www.oufc.co.uk |language=en-gb}}</ref> Jones ya buga wasanni takwas a cikin yanayi uku a Filin wasa na Kassam . === Brentford === A ranar 15 ga watan Agustan 2021, Jones ya koma Kungiyar B a kulob din Brentford dake Premier League kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu, tare da zaɓi na ƙarin shekara, a kan canja wurin kyauta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nico Jones joins Brentford B |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/news/2021/august/nico-jones-joins-brentford-b/ |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=www.brentfordfc.com |language=en-gb}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 2021-22 da 2022-23, ya buga wasanni 61 na kungiyar B kuma ya kasance wani ɓangare na tawagar da ta lashe kofin London na 2021-22.<ref name="BrentfordReleased">{{Cite web |title=Brentford B squad update |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/en/news/article/brentford-b-team-brentford-b-squad-update |access-date=1 June 2023 |website=www.brentfordfc.com |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref name="LSC">{{Cite web |title=Match Report: Brentford B win London Senior Cup on penalties |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/news/2022/april/match-report-brentford-b-v-hendon/ |access-date=26 April 2022 |website=www.brentfordfc.com |language=en-gb}}</ref> Jones a wasu lokuta ya shiga cikin horar da tawagar farko a lokacin kakar 2021-22 kuma ya yi wasan sada zumunci a tsakiyar kakar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nico Jones: Step by Step |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/en/news/article/brentford-b-team-nico-jones-step-by-step |access-date=13 May 2023 |website=www.brentfordfc.com |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Match Report: Brentford XI 3 Leicester City U23s 0 |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/en/news/article/match-report-brentford-xi-3-leicester-city-u23s-0-638383 |access-date=13 May 2023 |website=www.brentfordfc.com |language=en-gb}}</ref> An sake shi lokacin da kwangilarsa ta kare a watan Yunin 2023.<ref name="BrentfordReleased" /> === Kwallon ƙafa da ba na League ba === A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 2023, Jones ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar gajeren lokaci tare da kulob din Welling United na Kudancin Kungiyar ta Kasa.<ref>{{Cite tweet|user=wellingunited|title=✍️ Defensive duo sign! The Wings are delighted to welcome right-back Rob Howard back to the club, alongside former @OUFCOfficial & @BrentfordFC centre-back Nico Jones on short-term deals 🤝 #WeAreWings🪽}}</ref> Ya buga wasan Kent Senior Cup guda daya ga kulob din.<ref name="AylesburyUnitedArchive">{{Cite web |title=Nico Jones {{!}} Player Profile |url=https://www.aylesburyunitedarchive.com/player/nico-jones/33515 |access-date=2 December 2023 |website=Aylesbury United Archive}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga watan Fabrairun 2024, Jones ya buga wasan Kent Senior Cup na biyu na kakar 2023-24, ga Dover Athletic . <ref name="Reeves" /> A matsayinsa na dan wasan da bai cancanci ba, an fitar da kulob din daga gasar don sanya shi a filin wasa.<ref name="Reeves">{{Cite web |last=Reeves |first=Thomas |date=24 February 2024 |title=Confirmed: Whites out of Kent Senior Cup |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/dover/sport/confirmed-whites-out-of-kent-senior-cup-302353/ |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=Kent Online |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga Maris 2024, Jones ya koma kungiyar Burgess Hill Town ta Isthmian League ta Kudu maso Gabas . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Defender Jones joins the Hillians |url=https://bhtfc.co.uk/2024/03/defender-jones-joins-the-hillians/ |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=bhtfc.co.uk |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni hudu kafin karshen kakar 2023-24, wanda ya kai ga raguwa. <ref name="FWP">{{Cite web |title=Burgess Hill Town {{!}} Appearances {{!}} Nico Jones {{!}} 2023–2024 |url=https://www.footballwebpages.co.uk/burgess-hill-town/appearances/2023-2024/nico-jones/963578 |access-date=11 March 2024 |website=Football Web Pages}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2024, Jones ya koma kungiyar Banbury United ta Kudancin Kudancin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nico Jones joins the Puritans |url=https://www.banburyunitedfc.co.uk/news/nico-jones-joins-the-puritans-2857508.html |access-date=26 June 2024 |website=www.banburyunitedfc.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni 31 a lokacin tsakiyar teburin 2024-25. <ref name="BanburyStats">{{Cite web |title=Nico Jones |url=https://www.banburyunitedfc.co.uk/teams/24168/player/nico-jones-3274484/90191 |access-date=27 April 2025 |website=Banbury United Football Club First Team |archive-date=18 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118113651/https://www.banburyunitedfc.co.uk/teams/24168/player/nico-jones-3274484/90191 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An riƙe Jones don kakar 2025-26.<ref>{{Cite tweet|user=BanburyUnitedFC|title=𝐍𝐈𝐂𝐎 𝐉𝐎𝐍𝐄𝐒 𝐑𝐄𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐍𝐒 🟥🟨 👉 We're delighted to announce that defender Nico Jones has committed to Banbury United for the 25/26 season! 🏞️ Jones proved to be a man-mountain in the defence last season, showcasing his aerial qualities and superb strength consistently. #WeAreUnited {{!}} #UTP}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An kira Jones zuwa cikin tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 na Jamhuriyar Ireland don gasar sada zumunci a Sweden a watan Satumbar 2019 kuma ya bayyana sau ɗaya, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ireland U18: Reid names squad for Sweden tournament |url=https://www.fai.ie/ireland/news/ireland-u18-reid-names-squad-for-sweden-tournament |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=Football Association of Ireland}}</ref> a cikin 0-0 draw tare da masu masaukin baki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ireland U18: Ireland held to a draw by hosts Sweden |url=https://www.fai.ie/ireland/news/ireland-u18-ireland-held-to-a-draw-by-hosts-sweden |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=Football Association of Ireland}}</ref> Jones ya buga wasan da ya yi na [[Republic of Ireland national under-20 football team|kasa da shekaru 20]] kawai tare da farawa a wasan sada zumunci da ba na kai ba da tawagar Jamhuriyar Ireland a ranar 22 ga Maris 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nico Jones makes Ireland Under-20 debut |url=https://www.brentfordfc.com/news/2022/march/nico-jones-makes-ireland-under-20-debut/ |access-date=23 March 2022 |website=www.brentfordfc.com |language=en-gb}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == {{Updated|match played 21 October 2025}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanawa da burin kulob din, kakar wasa da gasa ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin kasa{{Efn|Includes [[FA Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Kofin League{{Efn|Includes [[EFL Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="4" |Oxford United |2018–19 |Ƙungiyar Ɗaya |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- |2019–20 |Ƙungiyar Ɗaya |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 [ƙasa-alpha 1] |0 |1 |0 |- |2020–21 |Ƙungiyar Ɗaya |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4[ƙasa-alpha 1]<ref name="EFLT" group="lower-alpha" /> |0 |4 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !3 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !5 !0 !8 !0 |- |Birnin Oxford (rashin kuɗi) |2019–20 |Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Kudu |3 |0 | colspan="2" |― | colspan="2" |― | colspan="2" |― |3 |0 |- |Havant &amp;amp; Waterlooville (rashin aro) |2020–21 |Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Kudu |1 |0 | colspan="2" |― | colspan="2" |― |1 |0 |2 |0 |- |Rashin lafiya da aka haɗa |2023–24<ref name="AylesburyUnitedArchive"/> |Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Kudu |0 |0 | colspan="2" |― | colspan="2" |― |1 [ƙasa-alpha 3] |0 |1 |0 |- |Dover Athletic |2023–24<ref name="AylesburyUnitedArchive" /> |Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Kudu |0 |0 | colspan="2" |― | colspan="2" |― |1 [ƙasa-alpha 3]<ref name="KSC" group="lower-alpha" /> |0 |1 |0 |- |Birnin Burgess Hill |2023–24<ref name="FWP"/> |Ƙungiyar Isthmian ta Kudu maso Gabas |4 |0 | colspan="2" |― | colspan="2" |― | colspan="2" |― |4 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Banbury United |2024–25<ref name="BanburyStats"/> |Kudancin Kudancin Premier Division Central |28 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |― |2 |0 |31 |0 |- |2025–26<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nico Jones |url=https://www.banburyunitedfc.co.uk/teams/24168/player/nico-jones-3274484/93391 |access-date=17 June 2025 |website=Banbury United Football Club First Team }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |Kudancin Kudancin Premier Division Central |7 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |― |1 <ref name="FAT" group="lower-alpha" /> |0 |10 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !35 !0 !3 !0 ! colspan="2" |― !3 !0 !41 !0 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !46 !0 !3 !0 !0 !0 !11 !0 !60 !0 |} == Daraja == '''Brentford B''' * Babban Kofin London: 2021-22 <ref name="LSC"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] <references /> ambiunu9nv45aq8e3xryyfs2w3g9lcc 0 121275 863594 739537 2026-06-22T03:58:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Olamidotun Votu-Obada ɗan kasuwa ne na [[Najeriya]], marubucin [[Children's literature|Littafin yara]], kuma [[Public speaking|Mai magana da jama'a]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nigeria |first=Guardian |date=2024-10-01 |title=Votu-Obada celebrates MKO in commemoration of Nigeria's Independence Anniversary |url=https://guardian.ng/art/votu-obada-celebrates-mko-in-commemoration-of-nigerias-independence-anniversary/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Filii Magna Limited, kamfani mai ba da shawara na musamman da mai kula da tafiye-tafiye, kuma abokin haɗin gwiwar The Fun Central Company, sanannen kamfanin nishaɗin iyali a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FILII MAGNA IMMIGRATION CONSULTANCY LIMITED {{!}} Canada Corporation Directory |url=https://www.canadacompanyregistry.com/companies/filii-magna-immigration-consultancy-limited/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=www.canadacompanyregistry.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Olamidotun Votu-Obada |url=https://www.amazon.com/stores/author/B0B343PXCG/about |website=Amazon}}</ref> Votu-Obada tana da digiri a fannin tattalin arzikin kasuwanci da tattalin arzikin kudi na kasa da kasa daga [[University of Warwick|Jami'ar Warwick]] da Jami'ar Reading, bi da bi.'''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2025 |title=why every child deserves heroes who look like them |url=https://businessday.ng/opinion/article/why-every-child-deserves-heroes-who-look-like-them/ |access-date=28 October 2025 |website=businessday.ng |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2025 |title=literacy is a right but culture makes it powerful |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/07/literacy-is-a-right-but-culture-makes-it-powerful/amp/ |access-date=28 October 2025 |website=vanguardngr.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ta fara aikinta a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan gudanarwa kuma daga baya ta shiga cikin kasuwanci, ta kafa kasuwancin da suka ci nasara a bangarorin ba da shawara da nishaɗi. A matsayinta na marubuciyar littafin yara, Votu-Obada ta ja hankalin matasa masu karatu da labarinta na tunanin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Olamidotun Votu-obada Books - Books By Olamidotun Votu-obada {{!}} Indigo |url=https://www.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/olamidotun-votu-obada/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=www.indigo.ca |archive-date=2025-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251120183412/https://www.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/olamidotun-votu-obada/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Erezi |first=Dennis |date=2024-04-22 |title=Children must know, appreciate culture, says Votu-Obada |url=https://guardian.ng/news/children-must-know-appreciate-culture-says-votu-obada/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Meshioye |first=David |date=2024-04-24 |title=With 'BIG series', Votu-Obada inspires culture knowledge for children |url=https://guardian.ng/art/with-big-series-votu-obada-inspires-culture-knowledge-for-children/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 16, 2024 |title=I want to educate children on African history with book series – Olamidotun Votu-Obada |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/04/i-want-to-educate-children-on-african-history-with-book-series-olamidotun-votu-obada/}}</ref> Har ila yau, ita ma mai magana da jama'a ce, an san ta da halin kirki da gabatarwa mai basira. A cikin 2019, an san ta a matsayin daya daga cikin Kasuwancin Kasuwanci na "50 Mafi Kyawun Mata, " wanda ke nuna muhimmiyar gudummawar da ta bayar ga harkokin kasuwanci da kasuwanci.<ref>{{Cite web |last=BusinessDay |date=2024-10-24 |title="Your hands are not empty"- Olamidotun Votu-Obada on business management and personal finance for SMEs |url=https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/your-hands-are-not-empty-olamidotun-votu-obada-on-business-management-and-personal-finance-for-smes/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-28 |title=Breaking Boundaries In Business And Literature: How Olamidotun Votu-Obada Inspires The Next Generation – Independent Newspaper Nigeria |url=https://independent.ng/breaking-boundaries-in-business-and-literature-how-olamidotun-votu-obada-inspires-the-next-generation/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Davidson |first=Japhet |title=Olamidotun Votu-Obada – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/tag/olamidotun-votu-obada/ |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ==manazarta == f74j163n3it4woezu6q6kf3m528syfx 0 122826 863831 770767 2026-06-22T11:53:23Z Ummun Sultan 23935 An kirkira ta fassara "Career" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344706901|Chinonye Chukwu]]" 863831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chinonye Chukwu''' Listen ⓘ ( / ˈtʃ iː n oʊ j ə ˈtʃuːkuː / CHEE -noh - CHEE CHOO- koo ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> an haife ta a ranar 19 ga Mayun shekarar 1985 <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeowo |first=Alexis |date=December 12, 2019 |title=With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview |access-date=2020-01-10 |website=Vogue |language=en}}</ref> ) daraktan fina-finai ne na Najeriya-Amurkawa wanda aka fi sani da fina-finan wasan kwaikwayo ''Clemency'' da ''Till'' . Ita ce mace bakar fata ta farko da ta lashe kyautar US Dramatic Grand Jury Prize a Sundance . <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Appler |first=Michael |date=2019-12-12 |title=Chinonye Chukwu on Golden Globes Shutout of Female Directors |url=https://variety.com/2019/scene/news/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-alfre-woodard-1203432196/ |access-date=2020-01-10 |website=Variety |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Chukwu a [[Port Harcourt]], Najeriya. Lokacin da take da shekara ɗaya kacal, iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa [[Oklahoma]], suka sake komawa Fairbanks, Alaska lokacin tana da shekara shida. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeowo |first=Alexis |date=December 12, 2019 |title=With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview |access-date=2020-01-10 |website=Vogue |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOkeowo2019">Okeowo, Alexis (December 12, 2019). [https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview "With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year"]. ''Vogue''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Suna yawan ziyartar Najeriya. <ref name=":0" /> Tana girma a Alaska, Chukwu sau da yawa ita ce kaɗai ƴar Afirka a cikin azuzuwan ta, kuma tana fama da rashin jituwa da ita. A duk lokacin yarintarta, ta yi fama da matsalar yanayi, wanda rashin hasken rana a lokacin hunturu ya ƙara ta'azzara a Alaska. Don ta jure, ta karanta [[Maya Angelou]] kuma ta shiga ƙungiyar ɗaukar nauyi. Chukwu koyaushe tana son yin fina-finai. A shekarunta na ƙuruciya, tana ɗauke da mujallar da za ta rubuta ra'ayoyi don fina-finai da bidiyon kiɗa. Sau da yawa tana rubuta labarai game da 'yan matan Najeriya-Amurkawa da ke sake haɗuwa da ƙauna ko 'yan'uwa da suka rasa. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeowo |first=Alexis |date=December 12, 2019 |title=With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview |access-date=2020-01-10 |website=Vogue |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOkeowo2019">Okeowo, Alexis (December 12, 2019). [https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview "With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year"]. ''Vogue''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ta sami digirinta na farko a fannin Turanci daga Jami'ar DePauw, inda ta shiga Zeta Phi Beta . <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> Daga nan ta shiga makarantar fina-finai a Jami'ar Temple . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeowo |first=Alexis |date=December 12, 2019 |title=With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview |access-date=2020-01-10 |website=Vogue |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOkeowo2019">Okeowo, Alexis (December 12, 2019). [https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview "With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year"]. ''Vogue''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A lokacin shekarar karatu ta 2013-2014 Chukwu ya sami tallafin karatu na Hodder daga Jami'ar Princeton . <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> == Sana'a == Chukwu ta jagoranci ''darasin rawa'' a shekarar 2010, game da wata ƙaramar yarinya baƙar fata da ke fama da zama ƴar rawa a cikin al'umma mai tasowa. Fim ɗinta na farko, ''Alaska-Land'' (2012), ya ba da labarin wani ɗan'uwa da 'yar'uwa 'yar Najeriya da ke zaune a Amurka waɗanda daga ƙarshe suka sake haɗuwa a garinsu na Fairbanks, Alaska. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeowo |first=Alexis |date=December 12, 2019 |title=With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview |access-date=2020-01-10 |website=Vogue |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOkeowo2019">Okeowo, Alexis (December 12, 2019). [https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview "With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year"]. ''Vogue''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> An ƙi fim ɗin daga kowane bikin da shirin dakin gwaje-gwaje da ta nema. <ref name="alaskaLand" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> A shekarar 2013 ta jagoranci fim ɗin ''A Long Walk'' (2013), wani ɗan gajeren fim game da wani yaro wanda mahaifinsa ya yi masa ba'a a bainar jama'a. Chukwu ne ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni game da ''Clemency'' (2019). Fim ɗin da aka yanke wa hukuncin kisa ya fito a cikin Alfre Woodard a matsayin mai gadin gidan yari, yana mai amincewa da buƙatun sana'arta, da kuma Aldis Hodge a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fursunonin da aka yanke wa hukuncin kisa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> Wahayin da ta samu ga fim ɗin ya fito ne daga shari'ar Troy Davis, wani fursuna da aka kashe a shekarar 2011. Ta ƙaura zuwa Los Angeles a shekarar 2017 don ɗaukar fim ɗin. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeowo |first=Alexis |date=December 12, 2019 |title=With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview |access-date=2020-01-10 |website=Vogue |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOkeowo2019">Okeowo, Alexis (December 12, 2019). [https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview "With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year"]. ''Vogue''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ta sami kyautar US Dramatic Grand Jury Prize a 2019 Sundance, mace baƙar fata ta farko da ta yi hakan. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Erbland |first=Kate |date=2019-02-03 |title=Sundance: 'Clemency' Filmmaker Chinonye Chukwu Is First Black Woman to Win Biggest Prize |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2019/02/sundance-chinonye-chukwu-first-black-woman-grand-jury-prize-1202040823/ |access-date=2020-01-10 |website=IndieWire |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> A shekarar 2019, an ruwaito cewa Chukwu ne aka shirya zai jagoranci fim ɗin ''A Taste Of Power'', wanda aka gina bisa tarihin rayuwar Elaine Brown . <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> Chukwu ta rubuta kuma ta ba da umarni a fim ɗin ''[[Till (film)|Till]]'' na shekarar 2022, wani fim na tarihin rayuwa game da neman adalci da [[Mamie Till-Mobley]] ta yi bayan an kashe ɗanta mai shekaru 14 [[Emmett Louis Till]] a shekarar 1955 <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> A shekarar 2023, an ruwaito cewa Chukwu ne zai jagoranci ''Wolf Hustle'', wani fim da aka gina bisa tarihin Cin Fabré mai suna iri ɗaya don Apple Studios . <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> == Fim ɗin fim == == Gajerun Fina-finai == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" |+{{Screen reader-only|Chinonye Chukwu's short film credits}} ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Writer ! scope="col" |Director ! scope="col" |Producer ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Notes |- |2009 ! scope="row" |''Igbo Kwenu!'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |2010 ! scope="row" |''The Dance Lesson'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |Also editor |- |2011 ! scope="row" |''5 Afternoons'' | {{No}} | {{No}} | {{No}} |Production manager |- |2012 ! scope="row" |''Bottom'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |Also editor |- | rowspan="3" |2013 ! scope="row" |''Dust'' | {{No}} | {{No}} | {{Yes}} | |- ! scope="row" |''Mud Lotus'' | {{No}} | {{No}} | {{Yes}} |Also first assistant director |- ! scope="row" |''A Long Walk'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |} === Fina-finai masu kayatarwa === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" |+{{Screen reader-only|Chinonye Chukwu's feature film credits}} ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Writer ! scope="col" |Director ! scope="col" |Producer ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Notes |- |2008 ! scope="row" |''Chronic Town'' | {{No}} | {{No}} | {{No}} |Production assistant |- |2012 ! scope="row" |''alaskaLand'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |2013 ! scope="row" |''A Historical Approach to the Positive Music: Jazz in Philadelphia!'' | {{No}} | {{No}} | {{No}} |Documentary; production manager |- |2019 ! scope="row" |''Clemency'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{No}} | |- |2022 ! scope="row" |''Till'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |Also executive producer |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" |+{{Screen reader-only|Chinonye Chukwu's television credits}} ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Title ! scope="col" |Director ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Notes |- |2019 ! scope="row" |''Sorry for Your Loss'' | {{Yes}} |Episode: "I'm Here" |} == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == === ''Darasin Rawa'' (2010) === * An Ba da Lambar Girmamawa, Bikin Fina-finai na Duniya na Los Angeles <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> === ''Jinƙai'' (2019) === * Wanda aka zaɓa, Kyautar Black Reel : Fitaccen Wasan Kwaikwayo, Babban Darakta Mai Fitowa, Fitaccen Wasan Kwaikwayo na Farko, da Fitaccen Fim Mai Zaman Kanta <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2013 |title=Chinonye Chukwu - Finding One's Self and Alaskaland |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrCIwUhImOE&t=6m58s |access-date=January 10, 2020 |publisher=Reelblack}}</ref> * Wanda ya lashe gasar, bikin fina-finai na Sundance, kyautar babban alkalin wasa na Amurka <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Okeowo |first=Alexis |date=December 12, 2019 |title=With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview |access-date=2020-01-10 |website=Vogue |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFOkeowo2019">Okeowo, Alexis (December 12, 2019). [https://www.vogue.com/article/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-interview "With Clemency, Chinonye Chukwu Has Made the Most Devastating Movie of the Year"]. ''Vogue''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Appler |first=Michael |date=2019-12-12 |title=Chinonye Chukwu on Golden Globes Shutout of Female Directors |url=https://variety.com/2019/scene/news/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-alfre-woodard-1203432196/ |access-date=2020-01-10 |website=Variety |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAppler2019">Appler, Michael (December 12, 2019). [https://variety.com/2019/scene/news/chinonye-chukwu-clemency-alfre-woodard-1203432196/ "Chinonye Chukwu on Golden Globes Shutout of Female Directors"]. ''Variety''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Career == Chukwu ta ba da umarnin The Dance Lesson a cikin shekara ta 2010, game da wata yarinya baƙar fata da ke gwagwarmaya don zama mai rawa a cikin al'umma mai ƙaruwa.<ref>{{Citation}}</ref> .<ref>{{Citation|title=The Dance Lesson|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1961549/|access-date=2020-04-14}}</ref> A shekarar 2023, an ruwaito cewa Chukwu ne zata jagoranci ''Wolf Hustle'', wani fim da aka gina bisa tarihin Cin Fabré mai suna iri ɗaya don Apple Studios . <ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Alessandro |first=Anthony |date=March 8, 2023 |title=Apple Wins Rights To 'Wolf Hustle'; 'Till's Chinonye Chukwu To Write & Direct, Entertainment 360 To Produce |url=https://deadline.com/2023/03/apple-chinonye-chukwu-wolf-hustle-1235282720/ |access-date=January 17, 2025 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name}} * [https://www.instagram.com/chinonyechukwu/?hl=en Chinonye Chukwu] on Instagram [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ix9hxkp3d1tp5s6wwo7651b8akd7tdn 0 126615 863082 757744 2026-06-21T13:43:10Z Merjoor 14653 863082 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Theodor George Henry Strehlow''' (6 Yuni 1908 - 3 Oktoba 1978) [[Ilimin ɗan adam|masanin ilimin ɗan adam]] ne kuma masanin harshe na Australiya. Ya yi nazarin Arrernte (Aranda, Arunta) Aboriginal Australians da [[Harshen Arrernte|yarensu]] a Tsakiyar Australia. == Rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === Mahaifin Strehlow shi ne Carl Strehlow, fasto na Lutheran kuma Superintendent, tun daga shekara ta 1896, na Ofishin Jakadancin Hermannsburg, kudu maso yammacin Alice Springs a kan Kogin Finke. (Carl kuma masanin harshe ne mai basira wanda ya yi karatu da rubuce-rubuce game da harsunan yankin, kuma Ted daga baya ya gina kan aikinsa.) An haifi Strehlow, wata daya da wuri, a Hermannsburg, sunan asalin shine Ntaria.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} {{Efn|This had large implications, since it meant for the local people that he belonged to the ''Ratapa'' in the Twin Spirit Boys myth. Coincidentally, he was born in the sign of [[Gemini (astrology)|Gemini]], and 'doubleness' was to haunt his life.{{sfn|Hill|2002|p=740}}}} An haife shi A cikin harsuna uku, yana magana, ban da Turanci, kuma Arrernte tare da ma'aikatan Aboriginal da yara 'yan asalin ƙasar, da [[Jamus]] tare da danginsa.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} Bayan ziyarar iyali zuwa Jamus lokacin da yake dan shekara uku (1911), ya dawo tare da iyayensa, kuma ya girma ya rabu da 'yan uwansa maza huɗu da' yar'uwa, Frederick, Karl, Rudolf, Hermann da Martha, waɗanda suka girma a Jamus.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} Ya yi karatun [[Harshen Latin|Latin]] da Girkanci a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin karatun makarantarsa.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} [[Fayil:Trudy_Hayes_239.tif|thumb|Ted Strehlow a cikin shekarun 1930]] [[Fayil:Trudy_Hayes_299.tif|thumb|Strehlow yana bin daya daga cikin masu sintiri, c.1930s]] === Ilimi da farkon aiki === Lokacin da Strehlow ke da shekaru 14 mahaifinsa mai iko da kwarewa ya yi kwangila kuma labarin jigilar mahaifinsa mai mutuwa zuwa tashar inda aka sami taimakon likita a cikin littafin Strehlow Journey to Horseshoe Bend. Mutuwar mahaifinsa ta nuna Strehlow har abada.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} Ya bar Hermannsburg don karatun sakandare a Kwalejin Immanuel, makarantar kwana ga yara maza na ƙasar Jamus, a [[Adelaide]].{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} Ya kasance a saman Jihar a cikin Latin, Girkanci da Jamusanci a cikin shekararsa ta ƙarshe Barin Takardar shaidar a 1926, kuma ta haka ne ya sami tallafin gwamnati don karatu a Jami'ar Adelaide.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} A jami'a Strehlow daga ƙarshe ya shiga cikin karatun girmamawa na hadin gwiwa a cikin Classic da Ingilishi, ya kammala a 1931 tare da girmamawa a duka biyun.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} {{Efn|There is a contradiction in the source, since Hill earlier cites a source that has it that: 'His brilliance aside, the pressure of work forced him to relinquish the Honours Classics course to concentrate on English.'{{sfn|Hill|2002|p=109}}}} Tare da goyon baya daga malaminsa, kuma daga duka A. P. Elkin da Norman Tindale, Strehlow ya sami tallafin bincike daga Majalisar Bincike ta Kasa ta Australiya don nazarin al'adun Arrernte, kuma don wannan dalili ya koma gidansa a Tsakiyar Ostiraliya wanda ya sha wahala da shekaru hudu na fari da cututtuka waɗanda suka kwashe mutane da yawa, kuma suka kwashe ƙasar dabbobin daji.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} Ƙabilun Tsakiyar Ostiraliya sun riga sun zama abin sha'awa a duniya ta hanyar aikin hadin gwiwa na bincike da binciken ethnographic da Baldwin Spencer da Frank Gillen suka yi, waɗanda bincikensu ya yi tasiri sosai a kan ka'idar zamantakewa da ta ɗan adam, a cikin ayyukan Emile Durkheim da James G. Frazer, da kuma psychoanalysis, a cikin rubutun da [[Sigmund Freud]] ya gabatar a cikin Totem da Taboo. Ɗaya daga cikin almajiran Freud, Géza Róheim, ya gudanar da Aikin gona yayin da yake zaune a Hermannsburg tsakanin Arrernte a cikin 1929.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} Manyan masu ba da labari na farko, tsofaffi da cikakkun maza, sune Gurra, daga arewacin Arrernte, da Njitia da Makarinja daga Horseshoe Bend, daga baya Rauwiraka, Makarinja, Kolbarinja, Utnadata da Namatjira, mahaifin sanannen mai zane na wannan sunan.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}}{{Sfn|Hill|2002}}{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} Mickey Gurra (Tjentermana), mai ba da labari na farko kuma na ƙarshe na ''Ingkata'' ko shugabannin bikin na cibiyar totem na bandicoot da aka sani da ''Ilbalintja'', ya gaya wa Strehlow a watan Mayu 1933 cewa shi ko wani daga cikin sauran tsofaffi ba shi da 'ya'ya maza ko jikoki da ke da alhakin amincewa da asirin abubuwa masu tsarki (tjurunga) (da yawa daga cikinsu ana sayar da su don abinci da taba yayin da al'adun asali suka lalace),{{Sfn|Hill|2002}}{{Efn|Ward McNally in defining ''ingkata'' as 'Ceremonial Chief of Ceremonial Festivals'{{sfn|McNally|1981|p=40}} is actually referring to the more extended title, ''Urumbulak ingkata'', which Strehlow says was conferred on him by the elders who were entrusting their full lore to him.{{sfn|Hill|2002|p=750}}}}{{Sfn|Hill|2002}}{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} Sun damu da cewa duk asirin su zai mutu tare da su. Da yawa, kamar Rauwiraka, sun gaya wa Strehlow iliminsu na sirri, har ma da sunayensu, suna amincewa da shi don kiyaye cikakkun bayanai game da duk al'adunsu masu tsarki da al'adun su.{{Sfn|Hill|2002}} An dauke shi memba na mutanen Arrernte, ta hanyar karɓar al'ada ta kabilar. A cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, wanda ya rufe fiye da kilomita 7,000 na hamada don shaida da yin rikodin hanyoyin Aboriginal, Strehlow ya shaida kuma ya rubuta wasu bukukuwan tsarki 166 da ke hulɗa da ayyukan totemic, mafi yawansu ba a sake yin su ba.[1] Matsayinsa na ilimi ya sanya hannu tare da buga Aranda Traditions (1947). An tattara wannan aikin a cikin 1934 amma Strehlow ya jinkirta bugawa har sai duk masu ba da labari sun mutu. == Manazarta ==   <references /> kka048rgivepn0gi9sckohgqyt9hnpf 0 129761 863589 765934 2026-06-22T03:19:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cibiyar Tarihin Magana''' tana daga cikin Laburaren Bancroft a Jami'ar California, Berkeley . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Oral History Center |url=https://teachinghistory.org/history-content/website-reviews/23143 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-10-31 |website=teachinghistory.org |publisher=Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media, George Mason University}}</ref> An kafa ofishin ne a shekara ta 1954. OHC tana gudanarwa, tana nazarin, tana koyarwa game da, da kuma adana tambayoyin Tarihin baki a kan batutuwa da yawa da suka shafi tarihin California da Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shopes |first=Linda |date=July 4, 2002 |title=Regional Oral History Office |url=http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/5841/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-10-31 |website=History Matters, George Mason University }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ma'aikatan OHC kuma suna gudanar da bincike a kan batutuwa masu yawa na tarihi, suna amfani da tarihin baki a matsayin tushen tushe na farko ga karatun su. == Tarihi == Sunan asali na OHC shine '''Ofishin Tarihin Al'adu na Yankin'''. Shi ne ofishin tarihin baki na biyu da aka kafa a kasar, bayan Jami'ar Columbia kawai. Tattaunawar farko da aka gudanar a ofishin, kafin a gane shi a hukumance a matsayin ɗayan a harabar, ya kasance tare da Alice B. Toklas, abokin tarayya na dogon lokaci na Gertrude Stein. Tun lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekara ta 1954, OHC ta gudanar da dubban tambayoyi a fannoni daban-daban na batutuwa daga doka da shari'a zuwa abinci da ruwan inabi. ROHO yana da tarin abubuwa masu ƙarfi game da ci gaban zane-zane da haruffa, kimiyya da fasaha, da aiki, zamantakewa, siyasa, da tarihin al'umma a California. OHC ta kuma gudanar da tambayoyi da yawa game da tarihin Jami'ar California. Tattaunawa da masana kimiyya sun hada da wadanda suka lashe [[Kyautar Nobel]] kamar Arthur Kornberg, Paul Berg, Donald A. Glaser, da Charles Townes . Sauran sanannun tambayoyin da masana kimiyya sun hada da Herbert Boyer da Stanley N. Cohen . OHC ta kuma gudanar da muhimman tarihin baki tare da sanannun masu fasaha da marubuta, kamar Dorothea Lange, [[Ansel Adams]], da Carl Rakosi. OHC tana da tarin tarihin baki da suka shafi zaɓen mata da kuma gida a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II. Tattaunawar da ma'aikatan suka gudanar an ajiye su a cikin ɗakunan karatu sama da 700 a duk duniya. Yawancin tambayoyin suna samuwa a kan layi. Har ila yau, ɗakin karatu na Bancroft yana da asali na asali don duk tambayoyin da cibiyar ta gudanar. Da zarar an kammala, masana da dalibai a duniya suna ambaton tarihin baki. Daraktan farko na kungiyar shine Corinne Gilb, wanda ya jagoranci shirin daga 1954 zuwa 1958. Tsakanin 1958 da 2000, [[Willa Baum]] ya jagoranci cibiyar, sannan ake kira Ofishin Tarihin Magana na Yankin. A karkashin mulkinta, kungiyar ta tara tarihin baki sama da 1,600 a kan batutuwa daban-daban. Richard Cándida Smith, wanda shi ma farfesa ne a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar California, Berkeley, ya jagoranci ofishin har zuwa bazara na 2012. A lokacin mulkin Cándida Smith, yawan rubuce-rubucen tarihin baki da aka samu a kan layi ya fadada sosai. Ko na ma'aikata ko tarihin baki na al'umma, cibiyar ta jaddada ita ce sanya bayanai da ra'ayoyi a cikin tarihin tarihi wanda in ba haka ba zai iya ɓacewa. OHC ta gudanar da tarihin baki 5,000, wanda ya kai dubban dubban sa'o'in hira. Kusan kowane hira da aka rubuta yana samuwa ga jama'a don karantawa a shafin yanar gizon OHC. == Manazarta == 6q5dferx6xcbjcf1tsb29r8g5xup9i9 0 131082 863709 784756 2026-06-22T07:29:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863709 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Parmeshwar Narayan Haksar''' (4 ga Satumba 1913 - 25 ga Nuwamba 1998) ya kasance jami'in gwamnati da diflomasiyya na Indiya, wanda aka fi sani da shekaru biyu da ya yi a matsayin Babban sakatare Firayim Minista Indira Gandhi (1971-73). A wannan rawar, Haksar ita ce babban mai ba da shawara kan dabarun da manufofi a bayan farkon shekarun Gandhi da kuma kafa iko mai karfi a cikin shekarun 1970. Bayan wannan an nada shi mataimakin shugaban Hukumar Shirye-shiryen sannan kuma shugaban farko na Jami'ar Jawaharlal Nehru ta New Delhi. Mai ba da shawara game da [[Centralization|tsakiya]] da [[Socialism|zamantakewar al'umma]], ya kasance [[Kashmiri Pandit|Pandit na Kashmiri]] wanda ya zama amintaccen amintaccen Gandhi a cikin ƙungiyar ta ciki, abin da ake kira "Kashmiri mafia". Kafin wannan, Haksar ya kasance jami'in diflomasiyya na [[Indian Foreign Service|Ofishin Harkokin Waje na Indiya]], wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin [[Ambassador|Jakadan]] Indiya a Austria da Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haifi Haksar a shekara ta 1913, a Gujranwala (yanzu a Pakistan) a cikin dangin Kashmiri Pandit . Ya yi karatun Sanskrit a gida kuma ya sami M.Sc. daga Jami'ar Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh . Ya ci gaba da karatu a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London . Wasu masu sukar sun lura da daidaituwa da akidar Soviet. A matsayinsa na dalibi na Jami'ar Allahabad, ya kasance mazaunin Mayo Hall kuma yana yawan ziyartar Anand Bhawan, gidan Motilal Nehru. Parmeshwar mai son karatu ne na tarihin fasaha kuma masanin zane-zane.<ref name="rediff" /> A lokacin da yake aiki a Landan a matsayin dalibi, Fabian socialism ya rinjaye shi kuma daga baya ya zama mai alaƙa da Marxists.<ref name="independent" /><ref name="rediff" /> 'Yarsa Nandita Haksar, mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam ce, mai ba da shawara, kuma marubuciya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 August 2015 |title=Presentation Address: LL.D. (Honoris Causa) to Ms. Nandita Haksar |url=https://nalsar.ac.in/sites/default/files/Nandita%20Haksar%20Citation.pdf |access-date=17 December 2025 |website=NALSAR University of Law |archive-date=20 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320084223/https://nalsar.ac.in/sites/default/files/Nandita%20Haksar%20Citation.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwarsa, Haksar ya haɗu da Taron Kimiyya na Delhi, shirye-shirye kan haƙƙin ɗan adam, da adawa da manufofi masu sassaucin ra'ayi da rashin bin addini. Ya rasa idanunsa a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata na rayuwarsa lokacin da kawai jin daɗin da ya ba kansa shi ne tausa na mako-mako. Haksar ya mutu yana da shekaru 85, a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 1998. [[Fayil:Indira_Gandhi_in_1967.jpg|thumb|A matsayinsa na babban sakataren Indira Gandhi (wanda aka nuna), Haksar ya taimaka wa Firayim Minista mai cike da rikici da rashin ƙwarewa ya hau zuwa kusan cikakken iko.]] === Farkon aiki === Bayan jami'a, Haksar ya sanya alama a matsayin fitaccen lauya a Allahabad kafin a zaba shi don Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Indiya a 1947, <ref name="ITod">{{Cite web |last=Vohra |first=N.N. |title=100 People who shaped India |url=http://www.india-today.com/itoday/millennium/100people/haskar.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924042429/http://www.india-today.com/itoday/millennium/100people/haskar.html |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=24 July 2012 |publisher=indiatoday.com}}</ref> a hukumance ya shiga aikin ta hanyar nadin kai tsaye daga 18 ga Janairun 1949. Ya kasance kusa da ɗan'uwan Kashmiri daga Allahabad Jawaharlal Nehru, wanda zai ci gaba da zama Firayim Minista na farko na Indiya mai zaman kanta. Ɗalibi ne na lokaci guda a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London, ya kasance ƙaramin abokin aiki na V. K. Krishna Menon a Kungiyar Indiya a London. Wasu masu sukar sun kalli Haksar a matsayin mai tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma sun ba da shawarar cewa ya dace da bukatun Soviet. === Ayyukan jama'a === P. N. Haksar ya yi aiki a matsayin jakadan Indiya a Najeriya da Austria. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 August 2015 |title=Presentation Address: LL.D. (Honoris Causa) to Ms. Nandita Haksar |url=https://nalsar.ac.in/sites/default/files/Nandita%20Haksar%20Citation.pdf |access-date=17 December 2025 |website=NALSAR University of Law |archive-date=20 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320084223/https://nalsar.ac.in/sites/default/files/Nandita%20Haksar%20Citation.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin shekarun 1960, ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin babban kwamishina a London. Bayan shekaru ashirin a cikin ma'aikatar kasashen waje ta Indiya, an nada shi mataimakin Firayim Minista na lokacin, Indira Gandhi . <ref name="ITod"/> A shekara ta 1967, ya maye gurbin L. K. Jha a matsayin Sakataren Firayim Minista na Indiya. An ci gaba da shi zuwa sabon mukamin Babban Sakatare ga Firayim Minista na Indiya a shekarar 1971, don haka ya zama babban ma'aikacin gwamnati mafi iko a ofishin Firayim Ministan. Ya yi aiki na shekaru shida a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnati mafi iko a Indiya. Ya rubuta 'Stray Thoughts Memorandum' a taron Kwamitin Aiki na Majalisa a Bangalore wanda ya haifar da cire abokan hamayyarta na siyasa, kamar Morarji Desai . Har sai da ya bar matsayin Babban Sakatare ga Indira Gandhi, Haksar ya yi tasiri sosai a kan tsara manufofin cikin gida da na waje a Raisina Hill . <ref name="ITod" /> A matsayinta na Babban Sakatare, Haksar ta tsara shawarar Indira Gandhi game da lokacin da matakin tallafi da za a ba wa gwagwarmayar 'yancin [[Bangladesh]], ta ba da umarni daga ofishinta mai zaman kanta ga manyan shugabannin soja a wasu lokuta.<ref name="mainstream">{{Cite web |last=Sarker |first=Monaem |date=11 November 2009 |title=Remembering P.N. Haksar: A true friend of Bangladesh |url=http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article1799.html |access-date=24 July 2012}}</ref> Firayim Minista da Babban Sakataren ta daga baya sun fadi saboda an ruwaito cewa Haksar bai yarda da ƙaramin ɗan Indira ba, Sanjay, wanda ke da burin zama magajin mahaifiyarsa. Sanjay ne ya ba da izinin kai hari kan 'yan sanda a shagon iyalin Haksar a New Delhi, Pandit Brothers, da gangan ya kunyata ma'aikacin gwamnati. An ruwaito cewa Haksar ya nisanta daga Indira Gandhi bayan wannan lamarin. Lokacin da ta koma mulki a karo na biyu a shekarar 1980, ta nemi ya ci gaba da aikinsa na baya, amma Haksar ya ki. === Mai gudanarwa da kuma dabarun === An san Haksar da dabarunsa game da mallakar bankunan, kamfanonin inshora da kamfanonin mai mallakar kasashen waje, Yarjejeniyar Indo-Soviet ta 1971 da kuma goyon bayan Indiya ga 'yancin abin da zai zama Bangladesh. Shi ne kuma babban gine-ginen Yarjejeniyar Shimla tare da Pakistan, kamar yadda ya kasance daga cikin kirkirar Bincike da Bincike (R&AW), hukumar leken asiri ta Indiya === Rashin amincewa da Padma Vibhushan === Bayan ya yi ritaya daga aikin gwamnati a 1973, Indira Gandhi ya ba da lambar yabo ta biyu mafi girma ta farar hula a Haksar Indiya, Padma Vibhushan, saboda ayyukansa masu yawa ga Indiya; duk da haka, a cikin wata wasika zuwa Govind Narain ya ki amincewa da wannan girmamawa yana mai cewa "Karɓar lambar yabo don aikin da aka yi ta wata hanya yana haifar da rashin jin daɗi a gare ni. " Firayim Minista ya soke tayin ta. [1] == Littattafai == Haksar ya rubuta ayyuka masu tasiri da yawa a duk lokacin da yake aiki, yana nuna fahimtarsa game da manufofin Indiya, diflomasiyya, da al'umma.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 August 2015 |title=Presentation Address: LL.D. (Honoris Causa) to Ms. Nandita Haksar |url=https://nalsar.ac.in/sites/default/files/Nandita%20Haksar%20Citation.pdf |access-date=17 December 2025 |website=NALSAR University of Law |archive-date=20 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320084223/https://nalsar.ac.in/sites/default/files/Nandita%20Haksar%20Citation.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 August 2015 |title=Presentation Address: LL.D. (Honoris Causa) to Ms. Nandita Haksar |url=https://nalsar.ac.in/sites/default/files/Nandita%20Haksar%20Citation.pdf |access-date=17 December 2025 |website=NALSAR University of Law |archive-date=20 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320084223/https://nalsar.ac.in/sites/default/files/Nandita%20Haksar%20Citation.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1913]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] axmsjqa3i94fieph8d54cy1qkxc5d86 0 131174 863596 769211 2026-06-22T04:25:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863596 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Oliver J. Miller''' (Afrilu 6, 1970 - Maris 12, 2025) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] ne na Amurka a [[National Basketball Association|Ƙungiyar Kwando ta Ƙasa]] (NBA). Ana yi masa lakabi da " '''Babban O''' " saboda girmansa ( {{Cvt|6|ft|9|in}} kuma wani lokacin sama da {{Cvt|300|lb|kg}} ). Miller ya buga ƙwallon kwando ta kwaleji a Arkansas Razorbacks kuma Phoenix Suns ta zaɓe shi a cikin daftarin NBA na 1992. Bayan fara aikinsa a NBA daga 1992 zuwa 1998, Miller ya buga wasa a ƙasashen waje da kuma ga ƙungiyoyin Amurka masu ƙarancin ƙwarewa. Ya koma NBA don kakar 2003–04, amma daga baya ya koma wasan ƙananan ƙungiyoyi da kuma wasan rabin ƙwararru. Aikin ƙwallon kwando na Miller ya ƙare a 2010. == Bayani == An haifi Oliver Miller a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1970, a [[Fort Worth, Texas]], inda ya girma kuma ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Kudu maso Yamma . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-13 |title=Ex-Dallas Maverick, Fort Worth native Oliver ‘Big O’ Miller dies at 54 |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/sports/mavericks/2025/03/12/ex-dallas-maverick-fort-worth-native-oliver-big-o-miller-dies-at-54/ |access-date=2025-08-17 |website=Dallas News |language=en |quote=Miller graduated from Fort Worth Southwest High School in 1988 and was selected 22nd overall in the 1992 NBA draft after a standout college career at Arkansas.}}</ref> Fitaccen ɗan wasa ne. == Aikin kwaleji == Miller yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando na makarantar sakandare a ƙasar a matsayinsa na ɗalibi na farko, kuma ya sanya hannu da Jami'ar Arkansas kuma ya buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta Razorbacks wasa a ƙarƙashin kocinta Nolan Richardson . Miller ya buga wa ƙungiyoyin da suka lashe gasar kakar wasa ta Kudu maso Yamma da kuma gasar cin kofin gasar SWC shekaru uku a jere daga 1989 zuwa 1991. Ƙungiyar Arkansas ta 1990 ita ma ta kai wasan ƙarshe na huɗu. An naɗa Miller a matsayin ɗan wasan shekara na SWC ta masu horar da 'yan wasa, kuma shi ne ======MVP na Gasar SWC a 1991. Lokacin da yake ƙarami, Arkansas ya koma Gasar Southeastern Conference, kuma Miller ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar SEC West Division da kuma gasar SEC gabaɗaya a kakar wasa ta yau da kullun a shekarar farko a taron. A cikin shekaru huɗu da ya yi a Arkansas, Razorbacks sun buga rikodin 115-24. Miller har yanzu yana riƙe da tarihin makaranta na harbin da aka toshe a aikinsa da kuma mafi girman adadin maki. Ya kammala karatunsa daga jami'a a 1992. Miller ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun 'yan wasa a tarihin makaranta. == Sana'a == Phoenix Suns ta zaɓi Miller a matsayin wanda ya lashe gasar NBA ta 1992, inda ya zo na 22 a jerin 'yan wasan da za su fafata a gasar. Ya buga wa ƙungiyoyi shida [[National Basketball Association|na NBA]] a lokacin aikinsa, ciki har da Suns (1992–94, 1999–2000), Detroit Pistons (1994–95), Toronto Raptors (1995–96 da 1997–98), Dallas Mavericks (1996–97), Sacramento Kings (1998–99), da Minnesota Timberwolves (2003–04). <ref name="yahoo">{{Cite web |date=March 12, 2025 |title=Ex-Phoenix Suns center Oliver Miller, part of 1993 NBA Finals team, dead at 54 |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/article/report-former-phoenix-suns-center-224034254.html |website=Yahoo Sports |access-date=January 5, 2026 |archive-date=March 13, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250313034254/https://sports.yahoo.com/article/report-former-phoenix-suns-center-224034254.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Indiana Pacers ta saye shi a lokacin wasannin share fagen shiga gasar 2002, amma an yafe masa kafin fara kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Miller yana da 'ya'ya maza biyu da mace ɗaya. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A watan Satumba na 2020, an ruwaito cewa Miller ya yi ritaya kuma yana zaune a [[Phoenix]], tare da nauyin da aka yi iƙirarin ya kai {{Cvt|278|lb|kg}}, yana ɓatar da lokacinsa yana shiga sansanonin ƙwallon kwando da kuma wasa da jikokinsa. <ref name="came up">{{Cite web |last=Holt |first=Bob |date=September 8, 2020 |title=Rookie ready: With Suns setting, Oliver Miller came up big |url=https://www.wholehogsports.com/news/2020/sep/08/ready-rookie/ |access-date=September 19, 2020 |website=WholeHogSports.com |publisher=[[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]] |language=en}}</ref> Miller ya mutu sakamakon cutar kansa a Phoenix a ranar 12 ga Maris, 2025, yana da shekaru 54. <ref name="dead">{{Cite web |date=March 12, 2025 |title=Ex-Phoenix Suns center Oliver Miller, part of 1993 NBA Finals team, dead at 54 |url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/sports/nba/suns/2025/03/12/oliver-miller-former-phoenix-sun-dead-at-54/82337638007/ |website=The Arizona Republic}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] ===MANAZARTA=== 8ydilwt55subk1r50c2zp0cxhphpj2a 0 132235 863815 771629 2026-06-22T11:17:22Z Aisha Indo 46229 /* */ 863815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Noah Long''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Agustan shekarar 2004) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya kuma yana buga wa West Coast Eagles wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Australia (AFL). == Rayuwar farko == An haife shi kuma ya girma a Echuca, Long ya ci gaba a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16, 17, da 18 ta Bendigo Pioneers a Coates Talent League (wanda a da NAB League ne) kafin ya sami damar shiga gasar Victoria Country. Baya ga raunin ƙashin wuya, Long ya sami suna a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba mai barazana.[1] == Aikin AFL == An ɗauki Long daga Bendigo Pioneers (NAB Cup) da zaɓe na 58 a Zaɓen Ƙasa na 2022. Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a AFL a zagaye na 1 na kakar wasa ta AFL ta 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2023 |title=‘It’s an unreal feeling’: Echuca product Noah Long swoops on AFL debut |url=https://www.riverineherald.com.au/sport/dream-realised-echuca-product-noah-long-earns-afl-debut/ |website=Riverine Herald}}</ref> An ɗauke shi a matsayin ƙaramin ɗan wasan gaba, Long ya gamsu da wasannin atisaye na kafin kakar wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2023 |title=Dream realised: Echuca product Noah Long earns AFL debut |url=https://www.sheppnews.com.au/sport/dream-realised-echuca-product-noah-long-earns-afl-debut-2/ |website=Shepparton News}}</ref> Long ya buga wasanni biyar na farko na kakar wasa kafin ya mutu sakamakon raunin da ya samu a cinyarsa. Ya rasa makonni da dama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2023 |title=‘It’s an unreal feeling’: Echuca product Noah Long swoops on AFL debut |url=https://www.riverineherald.com.au/sport/dream-realised-echuca-product-noah-long-earns-afl-debut/ |website=Riverine Herald}}</ref> Bayan dawowa daga rauni, Long yana tasowa yayin da yake zura kwallaye a tsakiyar rabin gaba, ya sami takarar cin kwallaye na shekara a kan kwallon da ya ci a wasan da suka yi da St Kilda.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2023 |title=‘It’s an unreal feeling’: Echuca product Noah Long swoops on AFL debut |url=https://www.riverineherald.com.au/sport/dream-realised-echuca-product-noah-long-earns-afl-debut/ |website=Riverine Herald}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2004]] 3ixu49o83tziuud5pcarf7l4axywerl 0 133873 863723 775004 2026-06-22T08:47:24Z Hon.Mubarak 45736 863723 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andrew Patrick Jung''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoban shekarar 1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Faransa wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai gaba a kulob din Super League Persib Bandung . == Ayyuka == Jung ya fara bugawa Reims wasa na farko a wasan 3-0 na Ligue 2 da aka yi wa Nîmes a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Janairun 2019, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar kwararru tare da Reims yayin aro tare da Concarneau . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Repères - football Le Vosgien a signé son premier contrat professionnel avec Reims, cet été. Football : le Vosgien Andrew Jung est sous contrat professionnel avec Reims |url=https://www.vosgesmatin.fr/sport/2019/01/15/football-le-vosgien-andrew-jung-est-sous-contrat-professionnel-avec-reims |website=www.vosgesmatin.fr}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga Yuni 2019, Jung ya sanya hannu ga Châteauroux kan kwangilar shekaru biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa a matsayin mai maye gurbin rabi na biyu a wasan 0-0 da ya yi da Rodez a Ligue 2 a ranar 2 ga watan Agusta 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Repères - football Le Vosgien a signé son premier contrat professionnel avec Reims, cet été. Football : le Vosgien Andrew Jung est sous contrat professionnel avec Reims |url=https://www.vosgesmatin.fr/sport/2019/01/15/football-le-vosgien-andrew-jung-est-sous-contrat-professionnel-avec-reims |website=www.vosgesmatin.fr}}</ref> Jung ya koma Concarneau don aro na biyu a watan Janairun 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2020 ya sanya hannu kan karin kwangila tare da Châteauroux har zuwa 2022, kuma ya shiga Quevilly-Rouen kan aro don kakar 2020-21.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Repères - football Le Vosgien a signé son premier contrat professionnel avec Reims, cet été. Football : le Vosgien Andrew Jung est sous contrat professionnel avec Reims |url=https://www.vosgesmatin.fr/sport/2019/01/15/football-le-vosgien-andrew-jung-est-sous-contrat-professionnel-avec-reims |website=www.vosgesmatin.fr}}</ref> Bayan ya jagoranci jadawalin zira kwallaye tare da kwallaye 21, an ba shi suna Championnat National player of the season.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga watan Yulin 2021, Jung ya sanya hannu a kulob din Oostende na Belgium kan kwangilar shekaru hudu. Kudin canja wurin da aka biya Châteauroux an ruwaito shi ne € 900,000. Nan da nan aka ba da rancensa ga kulob din Nancy.[1] A ranar 31 ga watan Agustan 2022, Jung ya koma Quevilly-Rouen kan sabon rancen.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A kakar 2023-24, Jung ya shiga Valenciennes a kan aro.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Repères - football Le Vosgien a signé son premier contrat professionnel avec Reims, cet été. Football : le Vosgien Andrew Jung est sous contrat professionnel avec Reims |url=https://www.vosgesmatin.fr/sport/2019/01/15/football-le-vosgien-andrew-jung-est-sous-contrat-professionnel-avec-reims |website=www.vosgesmatin.fr}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2024, an sanar da Andrew Jung a hukumance a matsayin sabon sa hannu ga OFI na tsawon shekaru biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A ranar 31 ga watan Agustan 2025, Jung ya sanya hannu a kungiyar Persib Bandung ta Indonesia tare da kwangilar shekaru 2.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> == Daraja == * Gasar Cin Kofin Kasa Mafi Girma Mai zira kwallaye: 2020-21 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jlmjp6fm6eplj6gz40ngu53z8z3l3gx 863724 863723 2026-06-22T08:47:58Z Hon.Mubarak 45736 863724 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andrew Patrick Jung''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoban shekarar 1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Faransa wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai gaba a kulob din Super League Persib Bandung . == Ayyuka == Jung ya fara bugawa Reims wasa na farko a wasan 3-0 na Ligue 2 da aka yi wa Nîmes a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga watan Janairun 2019, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar kwararru tare da Reims yayin aro tare da Concarneau . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Repères - football Le Vosgien a signé son premier contrat professionnel avec Reims, cet été. Football : le Vosgien Andrew Jung est sous contrat professionnel avec Reims |url=https://www.vosgesmatin.fr/sport/2019/01/15/football-le-vosgien-andrew-jung-est-sous-contrat-professionnel-avec-reims |website=www.vosgesmatin.fr}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga Yunin shekarar 2019, Jung ya sanya hannu ga Châteauroux kan kwangilar shekaru biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa a matsayin mai maye gurbin rabi na biyu a wasan 0-0 da ya yi da Rodez a Ligue 2 a ranar 2 ga watan Agusta 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Repères - football Le Vosgien a signé son premier contrat professionnel avec Reims, cet été. Football : le Vosgien Andrew Jung est sous contrat professionnel avec Reims |url=https://www.vosgesmatin.fr/sport/2019/01/15/football-le-vosgien-andrew-jung-est-sous-contrat-professionnel-avec-reims |website=www.vosgesmatin.fr}}</ref> Jung ya koma Concarneau don aro na biyu a watan Janairun 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2020 ya sanya hannu kan karin kwangila tare da Châteauroux har zuwa 2022, kuma ya shiga Quevilly-Rouen kan aro don kakar 2020-21.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Repères - football Le Vosgien a signé son premier contrat professionnel avec Reims, cet été. Football : le Vosgien Andrew Jung est sous contrat professionnel avec Reims |url=https://www.vosgesmatin.fr/sport/2019/01/15/football-le-vosgien-andrew-jung-est-sous-contrat-professionnel-avec-reims |website=www.vosgesmatin.fr}}</ref> Bayan ya jagoranci jadawalin zira kwallaye tare da kwallaye 21, an ba shi suna Championnat National player of the season.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga watan Yulin 2021, Jung ya sanya hannu a kulob din Oostende na Belgium kan kwangilar shekaru hudu. Kudin canja wurin da aka biya Châteauroux an ruwaito shi ne € 900,000. Nan da nan aka ba da rancensa ga kulob din Nancy.[1] A ranar 31 ga watan Agustan 2022, Jung ya koma Quevilly-Rouen kan sabon rancen.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A kakar 2023-24, Jung ya shiga Valenciennes a kan aro.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Repères - football Le Vosgien a signé son premier contrat professionnel avec Reims, cet été. Football : le Vosgien Andrew Jung est sous contrat professionnel avec Reims |url=https://www.vosgesmatin.fr/sport/2019/01/15/football-le-vosgien-andrew-jung-est-sous-contrat-professionnel-avec-reims |website=www.vosgesmatin.fr}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2024, an sanar da Andrew Jung a hukumance a matsayin sabon sa hannu ga OFI na tsawon shekaru biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A ranar 31 ga watan Agustan 2025, Jung ya sanya hannu a kungiyar Persib Bandung ta Indonesia tare da kwangilar shekaru 2.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> == Daraja == * Gasar Cin Kofin Kasa Mafi Girma Mai zira kwallaye: 2020-21 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nîmes vs. Reims - 25 November 2016 - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/11/25/france/ligue-2/nimes-olympique/stade-de-reims/2238153/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] q21rsuoaotm2rhg831az97dy75lnty8 0 133904 863816 796149 2026-06-22T11:18:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''FPeter David Schiff''' ( / ʃɪf / ; an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Maris, 1963; wanda aka yi wa laƙabi da "Dr. Doom") <ref name="Folkenflik-2008" /> ɗan dillalin hannun jari ne na Amurka, mai sharhi kan harkokin kuɗi, kuma mutumin rediyo. Ya haɗu da kafa Echelon Wealth Partners a Kanada (wanda a da yake Euro Pacific Canada). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Echelon Wealth Partners website |url=https://www.echelonpartners.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702211716/https://www.echelonpartners.com/ |archive-date=July 2, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023}}</ref> Yana da hannu a wasu kamfanonin ayyukan kuɗi ciki har da Euro Pacific Asset Management, a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan saka hannun jari mai zaman kansa, <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Company |url=https://europacificfunds.com/about/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010074455/https://europacificfunds.com/about/ |archive-date=October 10, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2020 |publisher=Euro Pacific Asset Management}}</ref> da Schiff Gold (wanda a da yake Euro Pacific Precious Metals). <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 16, 2015 |title=About SchiffGold |url=https://schiffgold.com/about/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008034120/https://schiffgold.com/about/ |archive-date=October 8, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2020}}</ref> Ya soki ayyukan banki da bashi na Amurka da kuma [[Cryptocurrency|kuɗaɗen crypto]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title= |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/peter-schiff-says-bitcoins-recovery-180104031.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAACjmWGusUvQFtqHiFgEi2EiM5iBmoZAF-dmStxDH9Vjs4SqQbHyc-DahOjpf4I3d1dR-j5TXZVUN90sCNogM1seuUOUytx6XU-0-nUvXOQkZZqaaxNltRd2R8x1W1HPprdNo2lIKVHa7AFZSW1-8yYbGiLyS7xTzxr4M7Byfa6x7}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Schiff a cikin dangin [[Yahudawa]] masu matsakaicin matsayi <ref name="Dougherty-2009">{{Cite web |last=Dougherty |first=Michael |date=October 1, 2009 |title=Dr. Doom Runs for Senate |url=https://www.theamericanconservative.com/dr-doom-runs-for-senate/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402105738/http://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/dr-doom-runs-for-senate/ |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |access-date=June 28, 2024 |publisher=[[The American Conservative]]}}</ref> a New Haven, Connecticut . Mahaifinsa, Irwin Schiff, ɗan Yahudawa ne da suka yi ƙaura daga Poland. Iyayen Schiff sun sake shi tun yana ƙarami kuma ya yi ƙaura a cikin ƙasar tare da mahaifiyarsa da ɗan'uwansa, Andrew, daga [[Connecticut]] zuwa Manhattan zuwa [[Florida]] sannan daga ƙarshe zuwa Kudancin California . <ref name="Dougherty-2009" /> Peter Schiff ya yaba wa mahaifinsa saboda gabatar da shi ga Makarantar Tunanin Tattalin Arziki ta Austria . <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> Irwin Schiff fitaccen mutum ne a cikin ƙungiyar masu zanga-zangar haraji ta Amurka. Ya mutu a gidan yarin tarayya a watan Oktoban 2015 yayin da yake zaman gidan yari na akalla shekaru 13 saboda kin biyan haraji . Peter Schiff bai amince da matsayin mahaifinsa mai tsauri ba, kuma a shekarar 1980, ya roƙe shi da ya daina ayyukan zanga-zangar haraji da yake yi, wanda yake ganin "ƙiyayya mara amfani". Daga baya ya bayyana cewa duk da cewa ya ga cewa batun ilimi na mahaifinsa "mai ban sha'awa", bai yarda ya bi hanyoyinsa da kuma "ra'ayinsa ba". Schiff ya yi tsokaci, "Matsalar da mahaifina ke da ita ita ce ba ya aiki. Kullum zai sha kaye". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Echelon Wealth Partners website |url=https://www.echelonpartners.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702211716/https://www.echelonpartners.com/ |archive-date=July 2, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 2015, kwanaki huɗu bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa, Schiff ya zargi Ofishin Jakadancin Tarayya da yin wa mahaifinsa rashin tausayi da kuma rashin barin a saki mutane da aka saba yi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Company |url=https://europacificfunds.com/about/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010074455/https://europacificfunds.com/about/ |archive-date=October 10, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2020 |publisher=Euro Pacific Asset Management}}</ref> == Aikin kasuwanci == Schiff ya fara aikinsa a matsayin dillalin hannun jari a wani dillalin Shearson Lehman Brothers a farkon shekarun 1990. A shekarar 1996, Schiff da wani abokin hulɗa sun sami wani kamfanin dillali mara aiki kuma suka sake masa suna Euro Pacific Capital, kuma suka fara gudanar da shi daga wani ƙaramin ofishi a Los Angeles. Sun ƙaura da kamfanin zuwa Darien, Connecticut, a shekarar 2005, daga baya kuma zuwa Westport, Connecticut, inda a halin yanzu hedikwatarsa tana da ofisoshin reshe a faɗin Amurka a Scottsdale, Arizona ; Boca Raton, Florida; Newport Beach da Manhattan Beach, California ; da kuma birnin New York. <ref>{{cite news |last=Weiss |first=Vered |date=August 5, 2014 |title='Dr. Doom' Peter Schiff Goes off the Air |url=https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207061242/https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |website=[[Jewish Business News]]}}</ref> Schiff ya sayar da Euro Pacific Capital, wanda yanzu ake kira [[Alliance Global Partners]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Echelon Wealth Partners website |url=https://www.echelonpartners.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702211716/https://www.echelonpartners.com/ |archive-date=July 2, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023}}</ref> Schiff ya kafa [[Euro Pacific Bank|Bankin Euro Pacific]], wani cikakken bankin ajiya wanda aka fara amfani da shi a St. Vincent da Grenadines . <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> === Bincike da ƙara === A ranar 30 ga Yuni, 2022, Ofishin Kwamishinan Cibiyoyin Kuɗi na Puerto Rico (OCIF) ya sanar da dakatar da ayyukan Bankin Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Euro Pacific na Schiff da ke Puerto Rico, wanda ake zargi da taimakawa wajen safarar kuɗi da kuma guje wa haraji . Kwamishinan ya bayyana cewa ya gano cewa ya karya dokokinsa da dama kuma bankin "bai so ya bi ba". Masu kula da harkokin kuɗi sun rufe bankin, kuma Schiff ya biya tarar dala $300,000. <ref>{{cite news |last=Weiss |first=Vered |date=August 5, 2014 |title='Dr. Doom' Peter Schiff Goes off the Air |url=https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207061242/https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |website=[[Jewish Business News]]}}</ref> Schiff ya yi iƙirarin cewa matakan OCIF sun faru ne saboda zarge-zargen da <nowiki><i id="mwnw">60 Minutes Australia</i></nowiki> da jaridar ''The Age'' suka yi, suna cewa, "Babu yadda waɗannan zarge-zargen za su kasance gaskiya, amma da zarar waɗannan labaran suka bazu, kasuwancin bankin ya yi tashin gwauron zabi." A shekarar 2022, Schiff ya shigar da ƙarar farar hula a kan jaridar Nine Network da jaridar ''The Age'' saboda ɓata suna kan hirar da aka yi da ''60 Minutes Australia'' da kuma labaran ''Age'' da suka biyo baya. <ref name="Goldstein-2023">{{Cite web |last=Goldstein |first=Matthew |date=1 December 2023 |title=Australian Media Company to Pay Peter Schiff to End Defamation Suit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/01/business/peter-schiff-defamation-settlement-nine.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208120430/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/01/business/peter-schiff-defamation-settlement-nine.html |archive-date=8 December 2023 |access-date=8 December 2023 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Daga baya a shekarar 2022, wani alkali a ƙasar Ostiraliya ya yanke hukuncin cewa ''60 Minutes'' ya ɓata sunan Schiff amma ''The Age'' bai ɓata sunan ba. <ref name="Goldstein-2023" /> Zuwa Disamba 2023, an warware shari'ar farar hula. <ref name="Goldstein-2023"/> An biya Schiff dala $360,000, kuma waɗanda suka amsa sun cire dukkan nau'ikan watsa shirye-shiryen ''minti 60.'' <ref name="Goldstein-2023" /> Schiff ya bayyana cewa ya yi asarar miliyoyin daloli saboda binciken. <ref name="Goldstein-2023"/> == Ra'ayoyin manufofin tattalin arziki da na jama'a == === Rikicin kuɗi na 2008 === A wata hira da aka yi da shi a watan Agusta na 2006, Schiff ya ce, "Amurka kamar ''[[Titanic]]'' take kuma ina nan tare da jirgin ceton mutane yana ƙoƙarin sa mutane su bar jirgin.... Ina ganin matsalar kuɗi ta gaske za ta zo wa Amurka." <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> A ranar 31 ga Disamba, 2006, a cikin wata muhawara ta talabijin a Fox News, Schiff ya yi hasashen cewa "abin da zai faru a 2007 shine farashin gidaje," wanda ya kai kololuwa a watan Disamba na 2005, <ref>{{cite news |last=Weiss |first=Vered |date=August 5, 2014 |title='Dr. Doom' Peter Schiff Goes off the Air |url=https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207061242/https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |website=[[Jewish Business News]]}}</ref> "za su dawo ƙasa." A cikin littafinsa ''na Crash Proof'' na shekarar 2007, Schiff ya rubuta cewa manufofin tattalin arzikin Amurka ba su da inganci. <ref name="Schiff-2007" /> Tun daga lokacin ya faɗi sau da yawa cewa ba tare da canji a manufofin tattalin arzikin gwamnatin Amurka ba, za a sami hauhawar farashin kaya kuma rashin daidaito tsakanin adadin kayayyakin da Amurka ke amfani da su da abin da ta samar zai haifar da matsaloli ga tattalin arzikin Amurka . A matsayin magani, ya fifita karuwar tanadi da samarwa na mutum don haɓaka ci gaban tattalin arziki. Schiff ya ambaci ƙarancin kuɗin ajiyar mutum na Amurka a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da suka sa ta sauya daga babbar ƙasar mai ba da bashi a duniya a shekarun 1970 zuwa babbar ƙasar da ke bin bashi a shekarar 2000. Ya danganta ƙarancin kuɗin ajiyar kuɗi ga abin da ya yi iƙirarin shine hauhawar farashin kaya da ƙarancin kuɗin ruwa da Babban Bankin Tarayya ya tsara. A cikin shekarun 2008 da 2010 da suka bayyana a Fox News da kuma cibiyar labarai ta kuɗi ta CNBC, Schiff ya ambaci abubuwa kamar hasashe da "rashin ka'idojin bayar da rance" <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |last=Weiss |first=Vered |date=August 5, 2014 |title='Dr. Doom' Peter Schiff Goes off the Air |url=https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207061242/https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |website=[[Jewish Business News]]}}</ref> a matsayin abubuwan da suka haifar da matsalar gidaje, wadda ta fara a shekarar 2007. A ranar 13 ga Disamba, 2007, a wata hira da aka yi da shi a shirin talabijin na Bloomberg "Open Exchange," Schiff ya kara da cewa yana jin cewa rikicin zai shafi masana'antar bayar da lamuni [[Katin bashi|ta katin kiredit]], kuma ya kira lamunin masu amfani da katin kiredit "cutar daji ga tattalin arzikin kasuwa mai 'yanci." Schiff ya ce ƙimar riba za ta tashi, dala za ta "rushe," kuma dukkan nau'ikan kadarorin da aka tara da dala za su faɗi a darajar idan aka kwatanta da kadarorin da ba na Amurka ba. Ya yi hasashen "babban rikici" da "fashewar kuɗaɗen katin kiredit" a shekarar 2008, wanda sakamakon haka zai zama "rage" iyakokin kashe kuɗin katin kiredit na masu bayar da katin. Ya ƙara da cewa Amurkawa ba za su sake iya yin sayayya ta amfani da layukan katin kiredit ɗinsu ba. Wannan hasashen bai cika ba. Da yake magana game da kasuwar gidaje, Schiff ya ci gaba da sukar manufar gwamnatin Bush na "ɓata wa masu ba da lamuni suna kuma barazana" saboda basussukan da ba su dace ba. <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> A cikin wani jawabi da ya yi a watan Maris na 2009, Schiff ya ce ba zai yiwu a biya bashin da Amurka ke bin China ba sai dai idan darajar dala ta ragu sosai sakamakon hauhawar farashin kayayyaki. A watan Satumba na 2009, inda zinare ya yi kasa da dala 1,000 a kowace oza, Schiff ya ce ya hango zinare zai kai sama da dala 5,000 a kowace oza a nan gaba, kuma taron kasuwar hannayen jari da ya fara a wannan shekarar "yawon bude ido ne a kasuwar beyar." <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> === Haraji === A watan Maris na 2011, Schiff ya bayyana cewa harajin tallace-tallace na ƙasa ya kamata ya maye gurbin harajin kuɗin shiga na mutum da na kamfanoni, domin yana ganin cewa na biyun yana hana aiki maimakon harajin amfani . Zaɓinsa na biyu shine ƙimar haraji mai tsauri, wanda zai kawar da duk wasu ragi, gami da ragin harajin jinginar gida mai shahara, domin yana ganin bai kamata gwamnati ta ba da tallafi ga siyan gidaje maimakon haya ba. === Medicare === A watan Agusta na 2012, Schiff ya soki hanyar Paul Ryan ''zuwa ga wadata'' ta hanyar cewa "ba ta da yawa, ta makara." Da yake magana game da shirin Ryan na gyara Medicare, Schiff ya ce, "Me yasa za mu so mu kiyaye shi? Tsarin Ponzi ne ... Abin da muke buƙata da gaske shine ainihin rage Medicare a yau ga mutanen da suka riga suka shiga tsarin." === Bitcoin === Schiff mutum ne mai yawan shakku [[Bitcoin|game da Bitcoin]] . A wasu lokutan ya kan yi tsokaci cewa yana ganin Bitcoin yana kama da kumfa mai kama da tulip mania . A ranar 19 ga Janairu, 2020, Schiff ya yi iƙirarin cewa walat ɗinsa na Bitcoin ya 'lalace' kuma saboda haka ya rasa duk bitcoin ɗin da ya taɓa mallaka, ba tare da laifinsa ba. "Walat ɗina ya lalace ta wata hanya kuma kalmar sirrita ba ta aiki. Don haka yanzu ba wai kawai Bitcoin dina ba shi da amfani a zahiri; ba shi da ƙimar kasuwa. Na san mallakar Bitcoin mummunan ra'ayi ne, kawai ban taɓa sanin cewa hakan ya yi muni ba." <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> An ce wannan iƙirarin ƙarya ne kamar yadda Erik Voorhees ya bayyana daga baya, kamar yadda ya tabbatar da cewa, hakika, ya taimaka wa Schiff ya kafa walat ɗin Bitcoin ɗinsa, kuma ya rubuta cewa Schiff "ya manta (da) pw, kuma bai taɓa rubuta kalmar (murmurewa) ba". "Idan na ba shi oza ɗaya na zinariya kuma ya jefar da shi a kan titi, shin zai yi Allah wadai da ƙarfe mai daraja a matsayin tsarin kuɗi mara amfani?" <ref>{{cite news |last=Weiss |first=Vered |date=August 5, 2014 |title='Dr. Doom' Peter Schiff Goes off the Air |url=https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207061242/https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |website=[[Jewish Business News]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Echelon Wealth Partners website |url=https://www.echelonpartners.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702211716/https://www.echelonpartners.com/ |archive-date=July 2, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023}}</ref> === Amsoshi === Gargaɗin da Schiff ya yi game da durkushewar tattalin arziki ya sa aka yi masa [[Sunayen Ranaku|lakabi]] da "Dr. Doom", <ref>{{Cite web |title=Echelon Wealth Partners website |url=https://www.echelonpartners.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702211716/https://www.echelonpartners.com/ |archive-date=July 2, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023}}</ref> Wani bidiyo da masu sha'awar [[YouTube]] suka wallafa, "Peter Schiff ya yi gaskiya," ya shahara a ƙarshen 2008 da 2009. Ya ƙunshi tarin bayyanarsa a shirye-shiryen talabijin daban-daban na kuɗi tsakanin 2005 da 2007. Dangane da lokacin da suka rungumi dabarunsa, mabiyan Schiff na iya samun riba mai ƙarfi, matsakaici ko mara kyau. A watan Janairun 2009, mai rubutun ra'ayin kanka a yanar gizo na tattalin arziki kuma mai ba da shawara kan saka hannun jari Michael Shedlock ya rubuta, "Na yi magana da mutane da yawa waɗanda ke da'awar sun saka hannun jari tare da Schiff kuma sun faɗi daga kashi 40% zuwa 70% a cikin 2008." <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> Daga baya a wannan makon, wani labarin ya bayyana a cikin ''Jaridar Wall Street Journal'' yana ba da rahoton cewa kamfanin dillalin Schiff ya "shawarci abokan cinikinsa da su yi fare cewa dala za ta ragu sosai kuma hannun jarin ƙasashen waje zai fi takwarorinsu na Amurka" amma dala daga baya ta ci gaba da ƙaruwa akan yawancin kuɗaɗen, "tana ƙara yawan asarar da aka samu daga hannun jarin ƙasashen waje." Dangane da sukar Shedlock, Schiff ya rubuta cewa "duba ingancin dabarun saka hannun jari na nan da nan bayan babban gyara ta hanyar duba asusun da suka rungumi dabarun a lokacin da ya gabata ba daidai ba ne kuma yana da nasaba da rudani." A watan Disamba na 2012, Schiff ya rubuta wani kasida mai taken "An fallasa Mish Shedlock" inda ya soki Shedlock saboda amfani da bayanai na ɗan gajeren lokaci a rikicin kuɗi na 2008 kuma ya yi jayayya cewa dabarun saka hannun jarinsa sun sami riba mai yawa a cikin dogon lokaci. <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> Masanin tattalin arziki Paul Krugman ya soki ra'ayoyin Schiff sau da yawa, wanda ya bayyana hauhawar farashin kaya daban da Schiff, yana mai da hankali kan karuwar CPI maimakon hauhawar farashin kuɗi da kadarori. Schiff ya yi imanin cewa hauhawar farashin kaya a ƙarshe yana haifar da ƙaruwa a farashin masu amfani bayan wani lokaci na jira marar iyaka. A watan Oktoba na 2010, Krugman ya rubuta, "Ana ci gaba da gaya mini cewa Peter Schiff ya yi gaskiya game da komai; to, ta yaya wannan hauhawar farashin yake tafiya?" A watan Disamba na 2011, Krugman ya ambaci maganar Peter Schiff daga Disamba na 2009: "Na san hauhawar farashin kaya zai yi muni a 2010. Ko zai ƙare da iko ko zai ɗauki har zuwa 2011 ko 2012, amma na san za mu sami babban rikicin kuɗi nan ba da jimawa ba. Zai ninka matsalar kuɗi kuma zai aika farashin masu amfani da shi gaba ɗaya, da kuma ƙimar riba da rashin aikin yi." Krugman ya lura cewa hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ta kasance ƙasa kuma ya kammala da cewa irin tsarin tattalin arziki na Schiff ba daidai ba ne, domin yana hasashen cewa sau uku na tushen kuɗi, kamar wanda ya faru kwanan nan, dole ne ya haifar da "mummunan tasiri ga matakin farashi." A watan Janairun 2012, Schiff ya bayyana cewa an jinkirta rikicin bashin Amurka da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki sakamakon manufofin gwamnati ne kawai. <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> A watan Nuwamban 2012 da kuma a watan Nuwamban 2014, Krugman ya maimaita sukar da ya yi wa hasashen Schiff game da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a Amurka. A watan Nuwamba na 2008, Schiff ya ce yana goyon bayan rage dokokin tattalin arziki na gwamnati kuma yana damuwa cewa gwamnatin Obama za ta iya ƙara irin wannan doka. <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> Ya ce Babban koma bayan tattalin arziki ya ba da damar canzawa daga lamuni da kashe kuɗi zuwa tanadi da samarwa. Ya soki ƙoƙarin gwamnatin Amurka na "sauƙaƙa wa radadi" da fakitin ƙarfafa tattalin arziki da ceto, domin ya yi imanin cewa maye gurbin "halattacen tanadi da injin buga littattafai" zai haifar da hauhawar farashin kadarori, hauhawar farashin masu amfani daga ƙarshe, kuma idan ba a yi taka-tsantsan ba, zai iya haifar da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (September 2021)">ana buƙatar tushen da ba na asali ba</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Misali, a shekarar 2009, Schiff ya annabta "lokacin raguwar tattalin arziki tare da karuwar farashi cikin sauri." Masu sukar Schiff sun nuna cewa duk da cewa hauhawar farashin kadarori ta kasance mai yawa, hauhawar farashin masu amfani ta kasance ƙasa sosai a cikin shekaru biyar da suka biyo baya duk da hasashensa. Lokacin da Fed ta kawo ƙarshen shirin rage yawan kuɗi a watan Oktoba na 2014, ra'ayin gabaɗaya shine Fed zai gudanar da ƙarin hauhawar farashi da yawa a shekarar 2015. Sabanin haka, Schiff ya annabta cewa kasuwa ba za ta iya jure ko da ƙaramin ƙaruwar ƙimar riba ba, don haka Fed ta sanar da ƙarin ƙimar ba zai yi wuya ba. Duk da haka, ya buɗe yiwuwar ƙarin ƙarin ƙimar tushe amma ya yi tsammanin zai yi babban tasiri ga kasuwar hannun jari kuma zai kai Amurka ga koma bayan tattalin arziki, don haka Fed za ta tilasta wa ta soke manufofinta ta ci gaba da shirin QE. == Aikin siyasa == === Yaƙin neman zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Ron Paul na 2008 === Schiff ya kasance mai ba da shawara kan tattalin arziki ga yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa na Ron Paul a shekarar 2008. === Yaƙin neman zaɓen Majalisar Dattawan Amurka na 2010 ===   A watan Disamba na 2008, wasu 'yan asalin Connecticut sun ƙirƙiri wani gidan yanar gizo da ke ƙarfafa Schiff ya yi yaƙin neman zaɓe a kan Sanata mai ci Christopher Dodd . <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> Kimanin mutane 5,000 ne suka bayar da gudummawar kamfen ta amfani da gidan yanar gizon. <ref name="Ahran-2009" /> A ranar 21 ga Fabrairu, 2009, wani harin kuɗi ya tara sama da dala 20,000 don kamfen ɗin Schiff. <ref>{{cite news |last=Weiss |first=Vered |date=August 5, 2014 |title='Dr. Doom' Peter Schiff Goes off the Air |url=https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207061242/https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |website=[[Jewish Business News]]}}</ref> A cikin wani shafin bidiyo na watan Mayun 2009, Schiff ya ce yana da ra'ayin tsayawa takarar Majalisar Dattawan Amurka, kuma lokacin da wani wakilin Washington Post ya yi masa tambaya, ya ce damar shiga siyasa "ta fi kyau fiye da 50-50." [1] A watan Yunin 2009, Schiff ya ba da umarnin gudanar da wani bincike na masu jefa ƙuri'a wanda ya nuna cewa ya biyo bayan Dodd a cikin farin jini da maki huɗu kacal. [2] A ranar 9 ga Yuli, 2009, Schiff ya ƙaddamar da kwamitin bincike da kuma gidan yanar gizon kamfen na hukuma. Bayan ya ba da wasu shawarwari zai tsaya takara a ''shirin The Daily Show'', Schiff ya sanar da takararsa ta neman takarar jam'iyyar Republican a hukumance a ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2009, a lokacin shirin MSNBC ''Morning Joe'' . Zuwa Oktoba 2009, Schiff ya sami gudummawar da ta wuce 10,000 da kuma imel da yawa daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Kamfen ɗin Schiff ya sami goyon baya daga Ron Paul da Steve Forbes . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Company |url=https://europacificfunds.com/about/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010074455/https://europacificfunds.com/about/ |archive-date=October 10, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2020 |publisher=Euro Pacific Asset Management}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 16, 2015 |title=About SchiffGold |url=https://schiffgold.com/about/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008034120/https://schiffgold.com/about/ |archive-date=October 8, 2020 |access-date=October 4, 2020}}</ref> A taron jam'iyyar Republican na watan Mayun 2010, Linda McMahon ta sami mafi yawan kuri'un wakilai amma ba ta isa ta hana Rob Simmons ya kayar da zaɓen fidda gwani na watan Agusta ba. Schiff ya kasa cancantar shiga zaɓen fidda gwani a taron amma ya zama ɗan takarar jam'iyyar Republican ɗaya tilo da ya yi nasarar shigar da ƙara a zaɓen. <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> McMahon ya lashe zaɓen fidda gwani da kashi 49% na ƙuri'un. Simmons ya zo na biyu da kashi 28% na ƙuri'un, kuma Schiff ya zo na uku da kashi 23% na ƙuri'un. <ref>{{cite news |last=Weiss |first=Vered |date=August 5, 2014 |title='Dr. Doom' Peter Schiff Goes off the Air |url=https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207061242/https://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/08/05/dr-doom-peter-schiff-goes-off-the-air/ |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |website=[[Jewish Business News]]}}</ref> Richard Blumenthal, wanda ya lashe zaɓen fidda gwani na jam'iyyar Democrat, ne ya lashe zaɓen. === Sauran amincewa === A watan Afrilun 2008, Schiff ya amince da Murray Sabrin a matsayin wanda zai tsaya takarar kujerar Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a [[New Jersey]] . Schiff ba ta goyi bayan McMahon a zaɓen fidda gwani na jam'iyyar Republican na 2012 ba, sai dai abokin hamayyarta, tsohon wakili Christopher Shays . <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> Shays ya sha kaye a zaɓen fidda gwanin a hannun McMahon, wanda ya sha kaye a zaɓen gama gari ga ɗan Democrat Chris Murphy . A ranar 18 ga Yuli, 2025, Schiff ya yi Allah wadai da [[Elon Musk]] da kuma jam'iyyarsa ta Amurka, yana mai cewa yunƙurin Musk na neman "tsakiya" tsakanin 'yan Republican da Democrat aiki ne na wawaye . <ref>{{cite news |last=Worden |first=Nat |date=February 22, 2008 |title='Dr. Doom' Zeroes in on Inflation |url=https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306203052/https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/dr-doom-zeroes-in-on-inflation-10404530 |archive-date=March 6, 2023 |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[TheStreet]]}}</ref> == Littattafai == * ''Tabbatar da Faduwar Kasuwa: Yadda Ake Riba Daga Rushewar Tattalin Arziki Mai Zuwa'', 2007, * ''Ƙaramin Littafin Bijimi Yana Tafiya a Kasuwannin Beyar: Yadda Ake Ci Gaba da Haɓaka Fayil ɗinku Lokacin da Kasuwa Ta Ragu'', 2008, * ''Hujjar Faɗuwa 2.0: Yadda Ake Riba Daga Rushewar Tattalin Arziki, Bugu na 2'', 2009, * ''Ƙaramin Littafin Bijimi Yana Canzawa, Sabuntawa da Faɗaɗawa: Yadda Ake Ci gaba da Ajiye Fayil ɗinku Lokacin da Kasuwa Ta Haura, Ƙasa, Ko Gefe'', 2010, [https://web.archive.org/web/20110319221353/http://www.peterschiffonline.com/books/little-book-of-bull-moves-updated-and-expanded/ 澳门威尼斯人官网开户] * ''Yadda Tattalin Arziki Ke Bunƙasa da Dalilin da Ya Sa Yake Faɗuwa'', 2010, [http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-047052670X,descCd-authorInfo.html Yadda Tattalin Arziki Ke Bunƙasa Da Kuma Dalilin Da Ya Sa Yake Faɗuwa | Wiley] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809030532/http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-047052670X,descCd-authorInfo.html |date=2013-08-09 }} * ''Babban Hadari: Fatara Da Ke Tafe A Amurka – Yadda Za Ku Ceci Kanku Da Ƙasarku'', 2012, [https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250046567 Cikakkun bayanai game da littafin] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] idxrp30nowfg99eb6hmszgzauh7oetw 0 137999 863126 828840 2026-06-21T14:02:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863126 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;" |<div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Muhammad Hafizullah</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;" |Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Khyber<br /> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none" |<div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender">'''Mai mulki'''</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none" |Ya hau mulki a shekara ta 2007&#x20;<br /> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender" |Bayani na sirri |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Gidan zama | class="infobox-data label" |Peshawar |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Alma Matar | class="infobox-data" |Kwalejin Cadet Hasan Abdal |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ayyuka | class="infobox-data" |Masanin ilimin zuciya / Likita likita |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Shafin yanar gizo | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[http://www.kmu.edu.pk www.kmu.edu.pk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926123326/http://www.kmu.edu.pk/ |date=2021-09-26 }}</span> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;" |<div></div> |} {{Reflist}} {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;" |<div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Muhammad Hafizullah</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;" |Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Khyber<br /> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none" |<div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender">'''Mai mulki'''</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none" |Ya hau mulki a shekara ta 2007&#x20;<br /> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender" |Bayani na sirri |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Gidan zama | class="infobox-data label" |Peshawar |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Alma Matar | class="infobox-data" |Kwalejin Cadet Hasan Abdal |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ayyuka | class="infobox-data" |Masanin ilimin zuciya / Likita likita |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Shafin yanar gizo | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[http://www.kmu.edu.pk www.kmu.edu.pk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926123326/http://www.kmu.edu.pk/ |date=2021-09-26 }}</span> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;" |<div></div> |} '''Muhammad Hafizullah''' (Urdu) Farfesa ne na ilimin zuciya na Pakistan wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Khyber (KMU) a Peshawar Babban Darakta na Asibitin Lady Reading da Shugaban Sashen Cardiology na Asibitar Lady Reading . Shi ne Daraktan Aikin kuma Shugaban Cibiyar Nazarin Cardiology ta Peshawar <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2024 |title=Board of Governors |url=https://pic.edu.pk/governors-board |access-date=9 July 2024 |website=Peshawar Institute of Cardiology |archive-date=25 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725121707/https://pic.edu.pk/governors-board |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga jagororin kasa kan thrombolysis, ciwon zuciya mai tsanani, da kuma [[Ciwon zuciya|Ciwon zuciya na ST]] wanda Pakistan Cardiac Society ta kirkira. == Ilimi da aiki == Hafizullah ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Cadet Hasan Abdal, ya sami digiri na likita daga Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Khyber a 1979, kuma ya sami tallafin karatu na kasashen waje don Mafi kyawun Graduates don karatun sakandare a Ingila. Ya shiga sashen ilimin zuciya na Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Postgraduate a Asibitin Lady Reading a Peshawar a shekarar 1984. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya rike mukamai daban-daban: <ref name="Hafiz 01">{{Cite web |title=Prof. Dr. Mohammad Hafizullah |url=http://www.kmu.edu.pk/content/prof-dr-mohammad-hafizullah |publisher=KMU |access-date=2026-01-13 |archive-date=2019-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913093812/http://www.kmu.edu.pk/content/prof-dr-mohammad-hafizullah |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Khyber, Peshawar * Dean, Faculty of Cardiology, Kwalejin Likitoci da Likitoci, Pakistan * Babban Darakta, Asibitin Lady Reading, Peshawar (2006-2008) * Mai jarrabawar ilimin zuciya don Kwalejin Likitoci da Likitoci Pakistan (CPSP) * Gwamna da aka zaba, Pakistan reshe na Kwalejin Cardiology ta Amurka * Edita a Babban Jaridar Zuciya ta Pakistan * memba na Faculty of Cardiology, CPSP * Mai kula da masu horo da ke shirin jarrabawar CPSP * Shugaban Sashen Cardiology, Asibitin Lady Reading * Shugaban Sashen Cardiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar * Mataimakin shugaban bincike, Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Postgraduate, Asibitin Lady Reading * Daraktan aikin, Cibiyar Nazarin Zuciya ta Peshawar A karkashin laima na Pakistan Cardiac Society, Hafizullah ya ba da gudummawa ga jagororin ƙasa game da thrombolysis, ciwon zuciya mai tsanani, ciwon ƙwaƙwalwa, angina mai ɗorewa, <ref name="Hafiz 01"/> [[Hawan jini|hauhawar jini]], da kuma maganin rigakafin zuciya. Yana ba da laccoci game da maganin rigakafin zuciya kuma ya rubuta daruruwan labarai a cikin manyan jaridu da mujallu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2024 |title=Board of Governors |url=https://pic.edu.pk/governors-board |access-date=9 July 2024 |website=Peshawar Institute of Cardiology |archive-date=25 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725121707/https://pic.edu.pk/governors-board |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Bayanan littattafai == Hafizullah shine marubucin littattafai goma sha ɗaya a [[Turanci]]: * ''Sanin Zuciyarka'' (2007, Ferozsons) * ''Ka warkar da Zuciyarka'' (2007, Ferozsons) * ''Zuciya zuwa Zuciya'' (2005, Ferozsons) * ''Zuciyata, Mirrorina'' (2010, Ferozsons) * Musings na Zuciya (2011, Ferozsons) * ''Dukiyoyin Zuciya'' (2013, Ferozsons) * ''Zuciya ta Zuciya'' (2005, Jahangir Book Depot) * Sagas of Heart (2008, Jahangir) * Raunin Zuciya (2013 Ferozsons) * Ruminations na Zuciya (2015 Ferozsons) * ''Matsalar Zuciya'' (2018 Ferozsons Ltd Ya kuma rubuta littattafai uku a cikin [[Urdu]]: * ''Dil Ki Dunya'' (2012, Ferozsons) * ''Dil Ki Batain'' (2012, Ferozsons) * ''Dil Kai Khaenaize'' (2013, Ferozsons) Bugu da kari, ya wallafa fiye da labarai 450 a matsayin wani ɓangare na ginshiƙan jarida na yau da kullun: "Ku san Zuciyarka" a cikin The Frontier Post, "Daga Core of My Heart" a cikin News International, "Zuciya zuwa Zuciya" a cikin Statesman, "Dil ka Maamla" a cikin Daily Mashriq, da kuma "Dil ki Batain" a cikin daily Aaj. == Haɗin kai == Hafizullah ya zama memba na Royal College of Physicians a 1983, na Royal Colleges of Physictors na Edinburgh da Glasgow a 1995, da kuma Kwalejin Cardiology ta Amurka a 2000.<ref name="Hafiz 01" /> Ya kuma sami tallafi daga Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions, Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology, European Society of Carbiology, Kwalejin Likitoci da Likitoci Pakistan, da Kwalejin Likitoci ta Amurka. Sauran alaƙa da matsayi sun haɗa da: * Shugaba, Pakistan Cardiac Society * Tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban kasa, Pakistan Hypertension League <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2024 |title=Board of Governors |url=https://pic.edu.pk/governors-board |access-date=9 July 2024 |website=Peshawar Institute of Cardiology |archive-date=25 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725121707/https://pic.edu.pk/governors-board |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Gwamna, Ƙungiyar Duniya ta Magungunan Zuciya * Tsohon Mataimakin Shugaban, Asian Pacific Cardiac Society * memba na kungiyar kwadago ta Jami'ar Peshawar <ref>{{Cite web |last=UoP |first=CITS |title=University of Peshawar |url=http://www.upesh.edu.pk/administration/statutory/?q=2 |access-date=2016-01-28 |website=University of Peshawar }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * memba na kungiyar kwadago ta Jami'ar Malakand <ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Malakand - Homepage |url=http://www.uom.edu.pk/ |access-date=2016-01-28 |website=www.uom.edu.pk |archive-date=2020-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026225936/https://www.uom.edu.pk/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * memba na Majalisar Dattijai, Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences - PIMS |url=http://www.pims.gov.pk/ |access-date=2016-01-28 |website=www.pims.gov.pk }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * memba na kungiyar kwadago ta Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kohat <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kust.edu.pk |access-date=2016-01-28 |website=www.kust.edu.pk}}</ref> * memba na Kwamitin Gwamnoni, Jami'ar CECOS * memba na Kwamitin Gwamnoni, Cibiyar Paraplegic, Peshawar <ref>{{Cite web |title=Board of Governors (BoG) |url=http://paraplegiccenter.org/ja/index.php/about/board-of-governors |access-date=2016-01-28 |website=paraplegiccenter.org |archive-date=2016-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203090740/http://paraplegiccenter.org/ja/index.php/about/board-of-governors |url-status=dead }}</ref> * memba na Hukumar Da'a ta Kasa, Majalisar Binciken Lafiya ta Pakistan <ref>{{Cite web |title=Members |url=http://nbcpakistan.org.pk/members.html |access-date=2016-01-28 |website=nbcpakistan.org.pk |archive-date=2016-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123073539/http://nbcpakistan.org.pk/members.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Babban Edita, Pakistan Heart Journal, Pakistan Cardiac Society (tun 2011) * Babban Edita, ''Jaridar Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Postgraduate'', Asibitin Lady Reading (1993-2009) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Editor:PJMI |url=http://www.pakmedinet.com/JPMI(hafizullah) }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Patron, KMU Journal, Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Khyber <ref>{{Cite web |title=Khyber Medical University Journal |url=http://kmuj.kmu.edu.pk/ |access-date=2016-01-28 |website=kmuj.kmu.edu.pk}}</ref> * Shugaban, Majalisar kan rigakafin zuciya, Pakistan Cardiac Society <ref>{{Cite web |title=hafizullah President,Preventive Cardiology |url=http://www.pulsepakistan.com/archives/15_03_2011/news1.htm |access-date=16 February 2014 |archive-date=29 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129041138/http://www.pulsepakistan.com/archives/15_03_2011/news1.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * memba na Kwamitin Zartarwa, Kwamitin Kiwon Lafiya da Dental na Pakistan <ref>{{Cite web |title=Medical & Dental Council > PM&DC Members |url=http://www.pmdc.org.pk/PMDCMembers/tabid/162/Default.aspx |access-date=2026-01-13 |archive-date=2010-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206131321/http://www.pmdc.org.pk/PMDCMembers/tabid/162/Default.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> * memba na Kwamitin Gwamnoni, Jami'ar Air, Islamabad * memba na Syndicate na Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Sarki Edward == Dubi kuma == * Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Khyber == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 6tcomwct569490up729ugn25tbwf161 0 139696 863252 832311 2026-06-21T15:25:38Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 863252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Alexinia Young Baldwin''' (3 ga Fabrairu, 1925 - 21 ga Janairu, 2017) malamar makaranta ce kuma farfesa a Jami'ar Connecticut wadda ta sadaukar da bincikenta ga nazarin yara masu baiwa marasa baiwa. Baldwin sanannu ne da ƙirƙirar ''Baldwin Identification Matrix'', wani samfurin kimantawa don gano baiwa a cikin Baƙar fata Ba'amurke da sauran ɗaliban da ba su da baiwa a tarihi a [[Ilimi mai baiwa|fannin ilimi mai hazaka]]. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ford |first=Donna |date=Summer 1994 |title=Desegregation of gifted education programs: The impact of Brown on underachieving children of color. |journal=The Journal of Negro Education |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=358–375 |doi=10.2307/2967187 |jstor=2967187}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Alexinia Young Baldwin a Alabama a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, 1925. Ta sami digirin farko daga Jami'ar [[Tuskegee]], MA daga Jami'ar Michigan, da kuma digirin Ph.D. daga Makarantar Ilimi ta Neag a Jami'ar Connecticut. Ta koyar a shirin farko na ɗaliban Afirka-Amurka masu hazaka a Alabama. A shekarar 1957, Alexinia Young Baldwin da mijinta sun yi nasara a karar da suka shigar kan birnin Birmingham, Alabama, bayan an kama su a wani ɗakin jira na fararen fata a Tashar Jirgin Ƙasa ta [[Birmingham]].<ref> name="Renzulli 2018">{{Cite web |last=Renzulli |first=Joseph |date=November 12, 2017 |title=A Tribute to Alexinia Young Baldwin (1925 - 2017) |url=https://www.nagc.org/blog/tribute-alexinia-young-baldwin-1925-2017 |access-date=February 11, 2018 |website=National Association for Gifted Children}}</ref> A Makarantar Neag ta Jami'ar Connecticut, Baldwin ta yi karatu a ƙarƙashin Joseph Renzulli. <ref name="Jones 2017">{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Stephanie Dion |date=January 24, 2017 |title=In Memoriam: Professor Emerita Alexinia Baldwin '71 Ph.D. |url=https://education.uconn.edu/2017/01/24/in-memoriam-professor-emerita-alexinia-baldwin-71-ph-d/ |website=University of Connecticut |access-date=February 5, 2026 |archive-date=November 10, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251110094952/https://education.uconn.edu/2017/01/24/in-memoriam-professor-emerita-alexinia-baldwin-71-ph-d/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan ta sami digirin digirgir na uku a shekarar 1971, Baldwin ta zama farfesa a Jami'ar Albany, SUNY. Ta koma Jami'ar Connecticut a shekarar 1988 kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin farfesa a Makarantar Neag har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 2003.<ref name="Jones 2017" /> <ref name="Renzulli 2018">{{Cite web |last=Renzulli |first=Joseph |date=November 12, 2017 |title=A Tribute to Alexinia Young Baldwin (1925 - 2017) |url=https://www.nagc.org/blog/tribute-alexinia-young-baldwin-1925-2017 |access-date=February 11, 2018 |website=National Association for Gifted Children}}</ref> Baldwin ya yi aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Yara Masu Hazaka, shugaban Ƙungiyar Masu Hazaka (1978–1979), da kuma a matsayin wakilin Amurka a Majalisar Duniya ta Masu Hazaka da Hazaka (1981–2003). <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> Baldwin ta mutu a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 2017, a Cibiyar Mansfield, Connecticut. Tana da shekaru 91. == Littattafai == * ''Kayan Aikin Ganewa na Baldwin Identification Matrix don Ganewa Ɗalibai Masu Hazaka da Hazaka'' (1977) * Baldwin, Alexinia Y., da Wilma Vialle. ''Fuskokin da Yawa na Hazaka: Ɗaga Mask'' (1999) * ''Yawan Ɗaliban da ke da Hazaka daban-daban da kuma waɗanda ba su da ƙwarewa sosai a fannin al'adu'' (2004) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2017]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]] piz6rsiqqzbjy4m1ckx2wuauxruvua7 0 140626 863587 840257 2026-06-22T02:44:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Isaac Odugbesan''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 1998) ƙwararren ɗan kokawa ne na Najeriya kuma tsohon ɗan wasan harbi . Ya shiga WWE, inda yake yin wasa a ƙarƙashin sunan ƙungiyar '''Oba Femi''' . Tsohon zakaran NXT ne sau biyu, kuma tsohon zakaran NXT na Arewacin Amurka mai ci a karo na farko kuma mafi daɗewa. An haifi Odugbesan a Legas, kuma ya fafata a tseren gudu a lokacin makarantar sakandare da kwaleji. Bayan ya sanya hannu da WWE a shekarar 2021 ta hanyar shirin NIL, Odugbesan ya lashe Gasar Cin Kofin Maza ta NXT ta 2023 da kuma Gasar Cin Kofin Maza ta Iron Survivor ta 2024 . == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Isaac Odugbesan a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 1998, <ref> name="NIL">{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2021 |title=WWE unveils inaugural NIL class |url=https://www.wwe.com/article/wwe-unveils-inaugural-nil-class |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208140748/https://www.wwe.com/article/wwe-unveils-inaugural-nil-class |archive-date=December 8, 2021 |access-date=April 9, 2022 |publisher=[[WWE]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Jason |date=April 22, 2025 |title=NXT in Las Vegas (reports needed), Dark Side of the Ring, last week's NXT TV grade, Ezekiel Jackson, Chuck Taylor, Oba Femi |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2025/04/22/nxt-in-las-vegas-reports-needed-dark-side-of-the-ring-last-weeks-nxt-tv-grade-ezekiel-jackson-chuck-taylor-oba-femi/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> ɗan Maria da Niyi Odugbesan. <ref> name="Alabama">{{Cite web |title=Isaac Odugbesan - Track & Field, Cross Country |url=https://rolltide.com/sports/xctrack/roster/isaac-odugbesan/7577 |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Alabama Crimson Tide football|Alabama Athletics]]}}</ref> Ya kasance mai sha'awar kokawa ta ƙwararru tun yana ɗan shekara shida, inda Triple H da [[The Undertaker]] suka zama fitattun 'yan kokawa da ya fi so. <ref> name="Breakout">{{Cite web |last=Mason |first=Matthew |date=January 3, 2024 |title=Former Alabama track and field star wins WWE NXT Breakout Tournament |url=https://thecrimsonwhite.com/112372/sports/former-alabama-track-and-field-star-wins-wwe-nxt-breakout-tournament/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[The Crimson White]]}}</ref> <ref> name="Athletic">{{Cite web |last=Vannini |first=Chris |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Oba Femi, All-America shot putter turned WWE rising star, has the NCAA's NIL era to thank |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6488400/2025/07/12/oba-femi-wwe-ncaa-nil-shot-put |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[The Athletic]]}}</ref> == Aikin tsere da filin wasa == Odugbesan ya halarci [[Jami'ar Lagos|Jami'ar Legas]], inda ya karanci zane-zane na studio sannan ya lashe lambobin yabo goma a gasar wasannin jami'o'in Najeriya a lokacin kakarsa ta farko a shekarar 2016. <ref name="Breakout">{{Cite web |last=Mason |first=Matthew |date=January 3, 2024 |title=Former Alabama track and field star wins WWE NXT Breakout Tournament |url=https://thecrimsonwhite.com/112372/sports/former-alabama-track-and-field-star-wins-wwe-nxt-breakout-tournament/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[The Crimson White]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFMason2024">Mason, Matthew (January 3, 2024). </cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mason |first=Matthew |date=July 10, 2024 |title=From shot put champion to the WWE: the journey of Oba Femi |url=https://thecrimsonwhite.com/115048/top-stories/from-shot-put-champion-to-the-wwe-the-journey-of-oba-femi/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[The Crimson White]]}}</ref> A kaka ta 2017, ya koma Amurka don halartar Jami'ar Jihar Middle Tennessee bisa tallafin karatu na tuki da gudu, inda aka nada shi a matsayin Sabon Shekara na Taron Amurka na Maza kuma wanda aka zaba a matsayin wanda ya fi kowa a cikin 'yan wasa a waje. <ref name="Athletic">{{Cite web |last=Vannini |first=Chris |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Oba Femi, All-America shot putter turned WWE rising star, has the NCAA's NIL era to thank |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6488400/2025/07/12/oba-femi-wwe-ncaa-nil-shot-put |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[The Athletic]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFVannini2025">Vannini, Chris (July 12, 2025). </cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Stanton |first=Edwin |date=March 12, 2021 |title=Big Alabama Track Athlete also has a Deft Hand with a Paint Brush |url=https://www.si.com/college/alabama/bamacentral/big-alabama-track-athlete-also-has-a-deft-hand-with-a-paint-brush |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Sports Illustrated]]}}</ref> Odugbesan ya koma Jami'ar Alabama a 2019, <ref name="Alabama">{{Cite web |title=Isaac Odugbesan - Track & Field, Cross Country |url=https://rolltide.com/sports/xctrack/roster/isaac-odugbesan/7577 |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Alabama Crimson Tide football|Alabama Athletics]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://rolltide.com/sports/xctrack/roster/isaac-odugbesan/7577 "Isaac Odugbesan - Track & Field, Cross Country"]. </cite></ref> inda ya lashe gasar harbi a gasar SEC ta cikin gida a gasar tsere da gudu a 2021 da 2022, kuma ya lashe gasar tsere a waje a shekarar da ta gabata. <ref name="Breakout"/> Ya kammala karatunsa a watan Mayu na 2022 da digiri a [[Zane-zane na gani|fannin zane-zane]] . <ref name="Herald">{{Cite web |last=Varsallone |first=Jim |date=March 27, 2024 |title=Interviews with WWE's LA Knight, NXT's Oba Femi, MLW's AJ Francis, WOW's Genesis. Plus CCW 20 |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/sports/fighting/article286701330.html |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Miami Herald]]}}</ref> == Aikin kokawa na ƙwararru == === WWE (2021–yanzu) === ==== NXT (2021–2026) ==== A ranar 8 ga Disamba, 2021, Odugbesan ya rattaba hannu da WWE a matsayin wani ɓangare na sabon shirinsa na Next In Line don haɓaka 'yan wasan kwaleji zuwa masu kokawa na WWE. <ref name="NIL">{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2021 |title=WWE unveils inaugural NIL class |url=https://www.wwe.com/article/wwe-unveils-inaugural-nil-class |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208140748/https://www.wwe.com/article/wwe-unveils-inaugural-nil-class |archive-date=December 8, 2021 |access-date=April 9, 2022 |publisher=[[WWE]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211208140748/https://www.wwe.com/article/wwe-unveils-inaugural-nil-class "WWE unveils inaugural NIL class"]. </cite></ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya fara horo a Cibiyar Ayyukan WWE . <ref name="Herald"/> Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a cikin shirin NXT kai tsaye a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba, 2022, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Channing "Stacks" Lorenzo . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lambert |first=Jeremy |date=November 12, 2022 |title=NXT Live Event Results From Dade City, FL (11/11): Bron Breakker Teams With Wes Lee And Odyssey Jones |url=https://www.fightful.com/wrestling/nxt-live-event-results-dade-city-fl-1111-bron-breakker-teams-wes-lee-and-odyssey-jones/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=Fightful}}</ref> A ƙarƙashin sunan zoben '''Oba Femi''', ya fara buga wasansa na farko a kan allo a shirin ''NXT Level Up'' na ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Dante Chen . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chik |first=Jon |date=November 18, 2022 |title=NXT Level Up results: Nov. 18, 2022 |url=https://www.wwe.com/shows/nxt-level-up/article/nxt-level-up-results-nov-18-2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221119055835/https://www.wwe.com/shows/nxt-level-up/article/nxt-level-up-results-nov-18-2022 |archive-date=November 19, 2022 |access-date=January 2, 2024 |publisher=[[WWE]]}}</ref> A wasansa na farko na NXT, Femi ya doke Oro Mensah a <nowiki><i id="mwjg">Spring Breakin</i></nowiki> ' a ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Aiken |first=Chris |date=April 25, 2023 |title=WWE NXT Spring Breakin' live results: Carmelo Hayes vs. Grayson Waller |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/nxt/wwe-nxt-spring-breakin-live-results-carmelo-hayes-vs-grayson-waller/ |access-date=April 26, 2023 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> Bayan dakatar da kallon talabijin, ya lashe Gasar NXT Breakout ta Maza ta 2023 ta hanyar kayar da Riley Osborne a wasan karshe a ranar 2 ga Janairu, 2024, a <nowiki><i id="mwlg">NXT</i></nowiki> : Mugun Sabuwar Shekara, inda ya sami kwangilar samun damar lashe gasar saboda taken da ya zaba. <ref name="Breakout"/> A mako mai zuwa a <nowiki><i id="mwnQ">NXT</i></nowiki>, Femi ya yi amfani da kwangilarsa ta Breakout Tournament ya kuma doke Dragon Lee don lashe Gasar Cin Kofin Arewacin Amurka ta NXT, inda ya zama ɗan wasan farko da ya kammala shirin Next In Line (NIL) da ya lashe gasar WWE. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=January 9, 2024 |title=NXT TV results (1/9): Moore's review of Tony D'Angelo and Channing Lorenzo vs. OTM for the NXT Tag Titles, Gigi Dolin vs. Cora Jade, the Dusty Rhodes Tag Team Classic tournament begins |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2024/01/09/nxt-tv-results-1-9-moores-review-of-tony-dangelo-and-channing-lorenzo-vs-otm-for-the-nxt-tag-titles-gigi-dolin-vs-cora-jade-the-dusty-rhodes-tag-team-classic-tournament-begins/ |access-date=January 9, 2024 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> Femi zai ci gaba da riƙe kambun a kan Lee a Ranar Zaɓe ta NXT a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=February 4, 2024 |title=NXT Vengeance Day results: Moore's live review of Ilja Dragunov vs. Trick Williams for the NXT Title, Lyra Valkyria vs. Roxanne Perez for the NXT Women's Title, Dusty Rhodes Tag Team Classic finals |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2024/02/04/nxt-vengeance-day-results-moores-live-review-of-ilja-dragunov-vs-trick-williams-for-the-nxt-title-lyra-valkyria-vs-roxanne-perez-for-the-nxt-womens-title-dusty-rhodes-tag-team-classic-finals/ |access-date=February 4, 2024 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> Dijak da Josh Briggs a wasan barazana uku a NXT Stand &amp;amp; Deliver a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=April 6, 2024 |title=NXT Stand & Deliver results: Moore's live review of Trick Williams vs. Carmelo Hayes, Ilja Dragunov vs. Tony D'Angelo for the NXT Title, Lyra Valkyria vs. Roxanne Perez for the NXT Women's Title |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2024/04/06/nxt-stand-deliver-results-moores-live-review-of-trick-williams-vs-carmelo-hayes-ilja-dragunov-vs-tony-dangelo-for-the-nxt-title-lyra-valkyria-vs-roxanne-perez-for-the-nxt-womens-title/ |access-date=April 7, 2024 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> Wes Lee a wasan barazana uku (wanda kuma ya haɗa da Joe Coffey ) a NXT Battleground a ranar 25 ga Mayu da kuma wasan damar ƙarshe a NXT Heatwave a ranar 7 ga Yuli, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Michaels |first=Corey |date=June 9, 2024 |title=WWE NXT Battleground live results: Ethan Page & Jordynne Grace challenge for championships |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/nxt/nxt-results/wwe-nxt-battleground-live-results-trick-williams-vs-ethan-page-roxanne-perez-vs-jordynne-grace/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Quill |first=Marc |date=July 7, 2024 |title=WWE NXT Heatwave live results: Fatal four-way title match |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/nxt/nxt-results/wwe-nxt-heatwave-live-results-fatal-four-way-title-match/ |access-date=July 7, 2024 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> da Tony D'Angelo a NXT No Mercy a ranar 1 ga Satumba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=September 1, 2024 |title=NXT No Mercy results: Moore's live review of Ethan Page vs. Joe Hendry for the NXT Championship with Trick Williams as special referee, Roxanne Perez vs. Jaida Parker for the NXT Women's Championship |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2024/09/01/nxt-no-mercy-results-moores-live-review-of-ethan-page-vs-joe-hendry-for-the-nxt-championship-with-trick-williams-as-special-referee-roxanne-perez-vs-jaida-parker-for-the-nxt-womens-championshi/ |access-date=September 1, 2024 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Oktoba, Femi ya zarce mulkin Wes Lee na kwanaki 269, don haka ya zama Zakaran NXT North American mafi daɗewa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lambert |first=Jeremy |date=October 5, 2024 |title=Oba Femi Becomes Longest Reigning NXT North American Champion |url=https://www.fightful.com/wrestling/oba-femi-becomes-longest-reigning-nxt-north-american-champion/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=Fightful}}</ref> A mako na 2 na wasan farko na <nowiki><i id="mwyQ">NXT</i></nowiki> na CW a ranar 8 ga Oktoba, Femi ya rasa kambun a hannun D'Angelo, wanda ya kawo karshen mulkinsa a cikin kwanaki 273 da suka gabata kuma ya sha kashi a karon farko a 2024 bayan ya yi nasara a wasanni 30 a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Renner |first=Ethan |date=October 8, 2024 |title=New North American Champion crowned on WWE NXT |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/nxt/new-north-american-champion-crowned-on-wwe-nxt/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]] |quote=Femi’s first North American title reign ends at 273 days, plus D’Angelo handed Femi his first loss of 2024 in the title bout. Femi had been 30-0 across all matches in NXT this year.}}</ref> Ya kasa sake samun kambun daga D'Angelo a wasan Tables, Ladders and Scares a ranar 27 ga Oktoba a NXT Halloween Havoc, bayan da dangin D'Angelo suka yi masa katsalandan. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Quill |first=Marc |date=October 27, 2024 |title=WWE NXT Halloween Havoc live results: Trick Williams vs. Ethan Page |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/nxt/nxt-results/wwe-nxt-halloween-havoc-live-results-trick-williams-vs-ethan-page-devils-playground-match/ |access-date=October 28, 2024 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> Bayan ɗan gajeren hutu, Femi ya dawo a ranar ƙarshe ta NXT a ranar 9 ga Disamba, inda ya shiga wasan Iron Survivor Challenge a maimakon Eddy Thorpe da ya ji rauni kuma ya yi nasara, inda ya sami nasarar buga wasan NXT Championship da Trick Williams a <nowiki><i id="mw4g">NXT</i></nowiki> : Sabuwar Shekarar Mugunta a ranar 7 ga Janairu, 2025, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Jason |date=December 7, 2024 |title=NXT Deadline results: Powell's live review of Trick Williams vs. Ridge Holland for the NXT Title, Iron Survivor Challenge matches, Jaida Parker vs. Lola Vice in an NXT Underground match |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2024/12/07/nxt-deadline-results-moores-live-review-of-trick-williams-vs-ridge-holland-for-the-nxt-title-iron-survivor-challenge-matches-jaida-parker-vs-lola-vice-in-an-nxt-underground-match/ |access-date=December 8, 2024 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> inda ya doke Williams a wasan barazana uku wanda ya haɗa da Thorpe don lashe gasar, inda ya zama ɗan wasan farko da ya kammala karatun digiri na NIL da ya lashe babban gasar WWE. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=January 7, 2025 |title=NXT TV results (1/7): Moore's review of The Rock's appearance, Trick Williams vs. Oba Femi vs. Eddy Thorpe for the NXT Title, Roxanne Perez vs. Giulia for the NXT Women's Title |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2025/01/07/nxt-tv-results-1-7-moores-review-of-the-rocks-appearance-trick-williams-vs-oba-femi-vs-eddy-thorpe-for-the-nxt-title-roxanne-perez-vs-giulia-for-the-nxt-womens-title/ |access-date=January 8, 2025 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ucchino |first=Rick |date=January 14, 2025 |title=Exclusive: Oba Femi Paves The Way For Future WWE NIL Prospects |url=https://www.si.com/fannation/wrestling/features/oba-femi-paves-the-way-for-future-wwe-nil-prospects-exclusive |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Sports Illustrated]]}}</ref> Ya yi nasarar kare kambun a kan Austin Theory da Grayson Waller a wasan barazana uku a ranar NXT Vengeance Day a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Quill |first=Marc |date=February 15, 2025 |title=WWE NXT Vengeance Day live results: Four title defenses highlight six-match card |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/nxt/nxt-results/wwe-nxt-vengeance-day-live-results-four-title-defenses-highlight-six-match-card/ |access-date=February 18, 2025 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> A NXT Roadblock a ranar 11 ga Maris, Femi ya doke TNA X Division Champion Moose don riƙe kambun. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=March 11, 2025 |title=NXT TV results (3/11): Moore's review of Giulia vs. Stephanie Vaquer in a title vs. title match, Oba Femi vs. Moose for the NXT Title, The Hardys vs. Nathan Frazer and Axiom for the TNA Tag Team Titles |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2025/03/11/nxt-tv-results-3-11-moores-review-of-giulia-vs-stephanie-vaquer-in-a-title-vs-title-match-oba-femi-vs-moose-for-the-nxt-title-the-hardys-vs-nathan-frazer-and-axiom-for-the-tna-tag-team-titl/ |access-date=March 11, 2025 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> A cikin watanni masu zuwa, ya yi nasarar kare kambun a kan Williams da Je'Von Evans a cikin barazanar uku a NXT Stand &amp;amp; Deliver a ranar 19 ga Afrilu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=April 19, 2025 |title=NXT Stand & Deliver results: Moore's live review of Oba Femi vs. Trick Williams vs. Je'Von Evans for the NXT Title, Stephanie Vaquer vs. Giulia vs. Jordynne Grace vs. Jaida Parker for the NXT Women's Title |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2025/04/19/nxt-stand-deliver-results-moores-live-review-of-oba-femi-vs-trick-williams-vs-jevon-evans-for-the-nxt-title-stephanie-vaquer-vs-giulia-vs-jordynne-grace-vs-jaida-parker-for-the-nxt-w/ |access-date=April 20, 2025 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> Myles Borne a NXT Battleground a ranar 25 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=May 25, 2025 |title=NXT Battleground results: Moore's live review of Stephanie Vaquer vs. Jordynne Grace for the NXT Women's Championship, Joe Hendry vs. Trick Williams for the TNA World Championship |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2025/05/25/nxt-battleground-results-moores-live-review-of-stephanie-vaquer-vs-jordynne-grace-for-the-nxt-womens-championship-joe-hendry-vs-trick-williams-for-the-tna-world-championship/ |access-date=May 25, 2025 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> Yoshiki Inamura a NXT The Great American Bash a ranar 12 ga Yuli, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moss |first=Jeff |date=July 12, 2025 |title=WWE NXT Great American Bash live results: Three title matches |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/nxt/nxt-results/wwe-nxt-great-american-bash-live-results-three-title-matches/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> da Evans a NXT Heatwave a ranar 24 ga Agusta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moss |first=Jeff |date=August 24, 2025 |title=WWE NXT Heatwave live results: Oba Femi vs. Je'Von Evans, three title matches |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/nxt/nxt-results/wwe-nxt-heatwave-live-results-oba-femi-vs-jevon-evans-three-title-matches/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> A NXT No Mercy a ranar 27 ga Satumba, Femi ya sha kashi a gasar NXT Championship a hannun Ricky Saints, inda ya kawo karshen mulkinsa na farko da kwanaki 263, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=September 27, 2025 |title=NXT No Mercy results: Moore's live review of Oba Femi vs. Ricky Saints for the NXT Championship, Jacy Jayne vs. Lola Vice for the NXT Women's Championship |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2025/09/27/nxt-no-mercy-results-moores-live-review-of-oba-femi-vs-ricky-saints-for-the-nxt-championship-jacy-jayne-vs-lola-vice-for-the-nxt-womens-championship/ |access-date=September 28, 2025 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> amma ya sake samun kambun a ranar 6 ga Disamba a ranar NXT . <ref name="NXTDeadline2025">{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=December 6, 2025 |title=NXT Deadline results: Moore's live review of Ricky Saints vs. Oba Femi for the NXT Title, Iron Survivor Challenge matches |url=https://prowrestling.net/site/2025/12/06/nxt-deadline-results-moores-live-review-of-ricky-saints-vs-oba-femi-for-the-nxt-title-iron-survivor-challenge-matches/ |access-date=December 6, 2025 |website=Pro Wrestling Dot Net}}</ref> Domin lashe wasan NXT Deadline, Femi ya yi kokawa da babban wasansa na farko da Undisputed WWE Champion Cody Rhodes a wasan Champion vs. Champion wanda ba shi da kambun a ranar Asabar da dare Main Event XLII a ranar 13 ga Disamba, inda wasan ya ƙare ba tare da wata gasa ba bayan tsangwama daga [[Drew McIntyre]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sulla-Heffinger |first=Anthony |date=December 13, 2025 |title=John Cena's last match: Live results, updates, grades and highlights from WWE Saturday Night's Main Event |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/wrestling/breaking-news/live/john-cenas-last-match-live-results-updates-grades-and-highlights-from-wwe-saturday-nights-main-event-060010006.html |access-date=December 14, 2025 |website=[[Yahoo! Sports]] |language= |archive-date=December 14, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251214011805/https://sports.yahoo.com/wrestling/breaking-news/live/john-cenas-last-match-live-results-updates-grades-and-highlights-from-wwe-saturday-nights-main-event-060010006.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan nasarar kare kambun a kan Leon Slater a <nowiki><i id="mwASo">gasar New Year's Evil</i></nowiki> a ranar 6 ga Janairu, 2026, Femi ya bar gasar NXT Championship a cikin zobe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Andrew |date=January 6, 2026 |title=Oba Femi Leaves NXT Championship In The Ring After Retaining At New Year’s Evil |url=https://www.fightful.com/wrestling/oba-femi-leaves-nxt-championship-in-the-ring-after-retaining-at-new-years-evil/ |access-date=January 6, 2026 |website=Fightful}}</ref> Washegari, an bayyana cewa Femi ya bar kambun a hukumance, wanda ya kawo karshen mulkinsa da kwanaki 32. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Currier |first=Joseph |date=January 7, 2026 |title=WWE confirms status of NXT Championship |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/nxt/wwe-confirms-status-of-nxt-championship/ |access-date=January 7, 2026 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> ==== Babban jerin sunayen 'yan wasa (2026-yanzu) ==== Bayan barin kambun, a cikin makonni da suka biyo baya, za a nuna hotunan Femi a Raw da SmackDown, amma ba za su shiga kowace alama ba. A Royal Rumble a ranar 31 ga Janairu, 2026, Femi ya shiga wasan da aka fi sani da suna a matsayin wanda ya fara shiga gasar, inda ya kawar da 'yan kokawa biyar kafin Brock Lesnar ya kawar da shi. === Kokawa Mai Tsawo Ba Tare Da Taka Ba (2025) === Bayan Moose ya fafata da Femi a shirin ''NXT'' na ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 2025, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rose |first=Bryan |date=February 18, 2025 |title=Moose appears on WWE NXT, goes face-to-face with Oba Femi |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/nxt/moose-appears-on-wwe-nxt-goes-face-to-face-with-oba-femi/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> ya bayyana a shirin Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) a shirin ''Impact!'' na ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, inda ya fafata da The System . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Boone |first=Matt |date=February 20, 2025 |title=TNA Impact live results: Joe Hendry concert, Tessa Blanchard in action |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/impact-wrestling/tna-results/tna-impact-live-results-joe-hendry-concert-tessa-blanchard-in-action/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> Mako mai zuwa akan ''Impact!,'' Femi da TNA Tag Team Champions The Hardys ( Jeff Hardy da Matt Hardy ) sun sha kashi a hannun The System a wasan da suka yi da mutane shida . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Boone |first=Matt |date=February 27, 2025 |title=TNA Impact live results: Oba Femi teams with the Hardys |url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/impact-wrestling/tna-results/tna-impact-live-results-oba-femi-teams-with-the-hardys/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref> == Gasar cin kofin zakarun da nasarorin da aka samu == * '''''An Zana Kwazon Kokawa na Ƙwararru''''' ** An sanya shi a matsayi na 14 daga cikin manyan 'yan kokawa 500 na ''PWI 500'' a shekarar 2025 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pro Wrestling Illustrated (PWI) 500 for 2025 |url=http://www.profightdb.com/pwi-500/2025.html |website=profightdb.com}}</ref> * '''WWE''' ** Gasar NXT ( sau 2 ) <ref>{{Cite web |title=NXT Championship |url=https://www.wwe.com/titlehistory/nxt-championship |access-date=January 7, 2025 |publisher=[[WWE]]}}</ref> ** Gasar Cin Kofin Arewacin Amurka ta NXT ( sau 1 ) <ref>{{Cite web |title=NXT North American Championship |url=https://www.wwe.com/titlehistory/nxt-north-american-championship |access-date=January 11, 2024 |publisher=[[WWE]]}}</ref> ** Gasar Cin Kofin Maza ta NXT (2023) ** Kalubalen Rage Karfe na Maza ( 2024 ) ** Kyautar Ƙarshen Shekara ta NXT (sau 3) *** Wasan Shekara ( 2024 ) – {{Small|vs. [[Dijak]] and [[Josh Briggs]] at [[NXT Stand & Deliver (2024)|NXT Stand & Deliver]]}} <ref name="NXT12312024">{{Cite web |last=Lambert |first=Jeremy |date=January 1, 2025 |title=WWE NXT Results (12/31): Kelani Jordan vs. Lola Vice, Year End Awards |url=https://www.fightful.com/wrestling/wwe-nxt-results-1231-kelani-jordan-vs-lola-vice-year-end-awards/ |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=Fightful}}</ref> *** Fitaccen Jarumin Shekara Na Maza ( 2024 ) <ref name="NXT12312024" /> *** Wasan Shekara ( 2025 ) – <small>da Je'Von Evans da Trick Williams</small> <small>a NXT Stand &amp;amp; Deliver <ref name="NXT12/30">{{Cite web |last=Pollock |first=John |date=December 30, 2025 |title=WWE NXT 12/30 Results: Year-End Award Winners, Ricky Saints pins Je'Von Evans |url=https://www.postwrestling.com/?p=127550 |access-date=December 31, 2025 |website=[[POST Wrestling]] |language=}}</ref></small> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] flmtgp0l9zohsi93d93gc54w14rxpn9 0 140770 863370 795992 2026-06-21T17:19:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Myrta Lockett Avary''' (Disamba 7, 1857 - Fabrairu 14, 1946) marubuciya ce kuma 'yar jarida 'yar Amurka [[Farin sarauta|mai ra'ayin fifita fararen fata]] . Littattafanta sun haɗa da ''Dixie After the War'' (1906), ''The Recollections of Alexander H. Stephens'' (1910) da ''Uncle Remus and the Wren's Nest'' (1913). Ta mutu a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 1946, a Atlanta. <ref> name="snac">{{Cite web |title=Avary, Myrta Lockett @ SNAC |url=http://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w68k7npn |access-date=2018-10-28 |website=snaccooperative.org}}</ref> <ref> name="ahc">{{Cite web |others=Wren's Nest (Atlanta, Ga.). |title=Myrta Lockett Avery papers ahc.MSS20 |url=http://ahc.galileo.usg.edu/ahc/view?docId=ead/ahc.MSS20-ead.xml |access-date=2018-10-28 |website=ahc.galileo.usg.edu |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa == An haifi Myrta Lockett a gundumar Halifax, Virginia a ranar 7 ga Disamba, 1857. An haife ta ga Harwood da Augusta Lockett. Ta auri likitan Georgia James Corbin Avary a shekara ta 1884 sannan ta ƙaura zuwa Atlanta, Georgia. <ref> name="ahc">{{Cite web |others=Wren's Nest (Atlanta, Ga.). |title=Myrta Lockett Avery papers ahc.MSS20 |url=http://ahc.galileo.usg.edu/ahc/view?docId=ead/ahc.MSS20-ead.xml |access-date=2018-10-28 |website=ahc.galileo.usg.edu |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://ahc.galileo.usg.edu/ahc/view?docId=ead/ahc.MSS20-ead.xml "Myrta Lockett Avery papers ahc.MSS20"]. ''ahc.galileo.usg.edu''. Wren's Nest (Atlanta, Ga.)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-10-28</span></span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Samfuri:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: others ([[:Category:CS1 maint: others|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: others]]</ref> Sun haifi ɗa wanda ya mutu tun yana ƙarami. <ref name="ahc" /> A Atlanta, Avary ta rubuta littattafai da dama, ciki har da ''Atlanta Journal'', ''Atlanta Constitution'', da ''Atlanta Georgian'' . <ref name="ahc">{{Cite web |others=Wren's Nest (Atlanta, Ga.). |title=Myrta Lockett Avery papers ahc.MSS20 |url=http://ahc.galileo.usg.edu/ahc/view?docId=ead/ahc.MSS20-ead.xml |access-date=2018-10-28 |website=ahc.galileo.usg.edu |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://ahc.galileo.usg.edu/ahc/view?docId=ead/ahc.MSS20-ead.xml "Myrta Lockett Avery papers ahc.MSS20"]. ''ahc.galileo.usg.edu''. Wren's Nest (Atlanta, Ga.)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-10-28</span></span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Samfuri:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: others ([[:Category:CS1 maint: others|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: others]]</ref> A shekara ta 1880, ta ƙaura tare da Dr. Avary zuwa New York kuma suka rabu a shekara ta 1911. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Acree, Sallie Ann – Avary, Myrta Lockett {{!}} Virginia Museum of History & Culture |url=https://www.virginiahistory.org/collections-and-resources/how-we-can-help-your-research/researcher-resources/guides-researchers-1--0 |access-date=2018-11-30 |website=www.virginiahistory.org |language=en |archive-date=2019-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222095250/https://www.virginiahistory.org/collections-and-resources/how-we-can-help-your-research/researcher-resources/guides-researchers-1--0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Avary ta rubuta ƙarin littattafai a can, kamar ''Christian Herald'' . A shekarar 1908, ta koma Atlanta, kuma ta ci gaba da aiki a fannin aikin jarida. <ref name="snac"/> Ta rasu a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 1946, a Atlanta. <ref name="snac" /> Avary ya yi aikin agaji a gida, <ref name="snac"/> amma kuma a Indiya, China, da Cuba. <ref name="ahc"/> == Ayyukan Avary == Avary ita ce marubucin littafin ''A Virginia Girl in the Civil War'', wanda aka buga a shekarar 1903. <ref name="ahc"/> Ta kuma kasance ɗaya daga cikin editocin littafin Mary Boykin Chesnut ''Diary From Dixie (1905)'' . <ref name="snac">{{Cite web |title=Avary, Myrta Lockett @ SNAC |url=http://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w68k7npn |access-date=2018-10-28 |website=snaccooperative.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w68k7npn "Avary, Myrta Lockett @ SNAC"]. ''snaccooperative.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-10-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 1906, Avary ta buga ''Dixie After the War'', wani tarihin zamanin sake ginawa . A cikin wannan littafin [[Wariyar Launin Fata a Amurka|wariyar launin fata]], ta yi korafin cewa tasirin kawar da [[Bauta a Amurka|bauta]] shi ne cewa "masu mugunta, ''a ko'ina'', sun sake komawa cikin rashin imani na Afirka nan take. Abubuwan ban mamaki na motsin rai, waɗanda saboda lafiyarsa da hankalinsa, ko da ba don komai ba, masu shi sun riƙe su, an yi musu ba tare da kamewa ba." Ta ɗaukaka [[Kashewa a Amurka|lynchings]] da ta'addancin Ku Klux Klan da - tare da wasu marubuta kamar Thomas Dixon Jr. - "sun lalata gaskiyar juyin juya halin fararen fata a lokacin sake ginawa". Shekaru huɗu bayan haka, a shekarar 1910, aikin da Avary ya buga na gaba shine The Recollections of Alexander H. Stephens . Stephens ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban Ƙasashen Confederate na Amurka kuma, yayin da yake hannun Tarayyar Turai, ya ajiye wani mujalla, wanda Avary zai buga daga baya. Aikin ƙarshe na Myrta Lockett Avary shine ''Uncle Remus and the Wren's Nest, na Joel Chandler Harris da Gidansa'' a shekarar 1913. <ref name="snac"/> == Zuriya == Marubucin fina-finai, furodusa, kuma darakta Roger Avary, wanda ya lashe kyautar Academy, zuri'ar Myrta Lockett Avary ce. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="No source given (January 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] f74lqiy89swtu6cll92rom0c9x51k76 0 141643 863676 836989 2026-06-22T06:41:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863676 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Otelia Cromwell (8 ga Afrilu, 1874 - 25 ga Afrilu, 1972) ta kasance fitacciyar malamar kuma Farfesa a fannin Harsunan Turanci da Adabi a Kwalejin Miner Teachers da aka sani yanzu da Jami'ar Gundumar Columbia . Ita ce Ba'amurke Ba'amurke ta farko da ta kammala karatun digiri daga Kwalejin Smith, inda ta sami digiri na BA a fannin Classics a shekarar 1900. Daga baya ta sami digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Columbia a shekarar 1910 da digiri na uku a fannin Turanci a Jami'ar Yale a shekarar 1926, inda ta zama mace 'yar Afirka ta farko da ta sami digiri na uku a can. == Rayuwar farko, ilimi da kuma farkon aiki == An haifi Otelia Cromwell a ranar 8 ga Afrilu, 1874, a [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]], kuma 'yar Lucy McGuinn da John Wesley Cromwell ce, kuma babbar 'ya'ya shida. Tana da shekaru 12 lokacin da mahaifiyarta ta rasu, wanda ya bar Otelia ta kula da ƙannenta biyar. <ref>name="wff.yale.edu">{{Cite web |title=Otelia Cromwell Biography and Bibliography {{!}} Women Faculty Forum |url=https://wff.yale.edu/otelia-cromwell-biography-and-bibliography |access-date=2021-07-20 |website=wff.yale.edu |archive-date=2021-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720211645/https://wff.yale.edu/otelia-cromwell-biography-and-bibliography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunta a Makarantar Al'ada ta Miner (wanda yanzu aka sani da Jami'ar Gundumar Columbia ), ta koyar a makarantun Washington, DC tsawon shekaru da dama, kafin ta halarci [[Jami'ar Howard]] . A shekarar 1898, ta koma Kwalejin Smith, kuma ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1900. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Otelia Cromwell Biography and Bibliography |url=http://wff.yale.edu/otelia-cromwell-biography-and-bibliography |access-date=2026-02-26 |archive-date=2026-03-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260310031224/https://wff.yale.edu/otelia-cromwell-biography-and-bibliography |url-status=dead }}</ref> A wancan lokacin, akwai wasu ɗaliban baƙar fata biyu kawai a Kwalejin Smith - Helen Maria Chesnutt da 'yar uwarta Ethel - waɗanda dukansu suka kammala karatunsu shekara guda bayan haka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Helen and Ethel Chesnutt · History of the Black Students Alliance at Smith College · Smith Libraries Exhibits |url=https://libex.smith.edu/omeka/exhibits/show/black-students-alliance/helen-and-ethel-chesnutt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607134515/https://libex.smith.edu/omeka/exhibits/show/black-students-alliance/helen-and-ethel-chesnutt |archive-date=June 7, 2019 |access-date=2018-06-04 |website=libex.smith.edu |language=en-US}}</ref> == Sana'a == Cromwell ta ci gaba da koyar da makarantun gwamnati na DC na tsawon shekaru kaɗan kafin ta koma karatunta. Ta koyar da Turanci, Jamusanci, da Latin a Makarantar Sakandare ta M Street da Makarantar Horar da Manual ta Armstrong. <ref name="wff.yale.edu">{{Cite web |title=Otelia Cromwell Biography and Bibliography {{!}} Women Faculty Forum |url=https://wff.yale.edu/otelia-cromwell-biography-and-bibliography |access-date=2021-07-20 |website=wff.yale.edu |archive-date=2021-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720211645/https://wff.yale.edu/otelia-cromwell-biography-and-bibliography |url-status=dead }}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://wff.yale.edu/otelia-cromwell-biography-and-bibliography "Otelia Cromwell Biography and Bibliography | Women Faculty Forum"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260310031224/https://wff.yale.edu/otelia-cromwell-biography-and-bibliography |date=2026-03-10 }}. ''wff.yale.edu''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Ta sami digiri na biyu daga Jami'ar Columbia da ke [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]] bayan halartar zaman bazara. An ba ta tallafin karatu na ilimi kuma ta sami digirin digirgir a Turanci daga Jami'ar Yale a 1926. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Otelia Cromwell Digital Exhibit |url=http://smithlibraries.org/digital/exhibits/show/black-students-alliance/beginnings/otelia-cromwell |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402122445/http://smithlibraries.org/digital/exhibits/show/black-students-alliance/beginnings/otelia-cromwell |archive-date=2015-04-02 |access-date=2015-03-12 |publisher=Smith College Libraries}}</ref> Rubutun digirinta, ''Thomas Heywood, Mai Drama: A Study in Elizabethan Drama of Everyday Life'', an buga shi ta Jami'ar Yale a 1928. Bayan zamanta a Yale kai tsaye, Cromwell ta zama farfesa a fannin harsunan Ingilishi da adabi a Jami'ar Gundumar Columbia, daga baya ta zama shugabar sashen [[adabi]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Report of the Board of Education of the District of Columbia 1926-27. |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3030319&seq=5 |access-date=2024-12-17 |website=HathiTrust |language=en}}</ref> Ta koyar a can har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a 1944. A duk tsawon aikinta na ilimi, Cromwell ta yi aiki don ciyar da kare hakkin jama'a da daidaiton launin fata da jinsi gaba. <ref name="wff.yale.edu"/> Bayan ta yi ritaya, Cromwell ta fara abin da zai zama babban aikinta na ilimi, ''The Life of Lucretia Mott'' (Harvard University Press, 1958). Cromwell ta gyara ''Karatu daga Negro Authors,'' wani tsohon littafin tarihin gudummawar adabi na Baƙar fata-Amurkawa. Cromwell yana da ɗan'uwa, John Wesley Cromwell Jr. Ita ce goggon [[Adelaide M. Cromwell]], masanin ilimin zamantakewa kuma masanin tarihi wanda shi ne malami na farko ɗan Afirka-Amurka a Kwalejin Smith. <ref name="adelaide">{{Cite web |title=Adelaide Cromwell Hill, Instructor of Sociology and Class of 1940 |url=https://libex.smith.edu/omeka/items/show/387 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202075702/https://libex.smith.edu/omeka/items/show/387 |archive-date=February 2, 2017 |access-date=January 26, 2017 |website=libex.smith.edu |publisher=Smith College Libraries}}</ref> Otelia Cromwell ta rasu a gidan iyayenta a shekarar 1972 tana da shekaru 98. <ref name="wff.yale.edu"/> == Daraja == * A shekarar 1950, Kwalejin Smith ta ba wa Cromwell digirin girmamawa na digirin digirgir. <ref name="smith">{{Cite web |title=Otelia Cromwell: The First African American to Graduate from Smith: Class of 1900 |url=http://smithbsa.tripod.com/id15.html |access-date=February 27, 2016 |publisher=The Black Students Alliance of Smith College |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304160029/http://smithbsa.tripod.com/id15.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * An sanya wa Cromwell Academy, wata makarantar sakandare mai zaman kanta a Washington, DC, suna don girmama Otelia da ɗan'uwanta John ta hannun wanda ya kafa ta, Ruby Woodson, a shekarar 1972. An kafa ta ne don samar da ilimin shirye-shiryen kwaleji ga ɗaliban da suka cancanta daga kowane fanni na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki. Makarantar ta buɗe ƙofofinta a cikin haɗin ilimi na Cocin Peoples Congregational. Makarantar ta rufe ƙofofinta a shekarar 1985. * A shekarar 1989, Kwalejin Smith ta fara al'adar bikin Ranar Otelia Cromwell a kowace Nuwamba. Za a soke azuzuwan domin tattauna launin fata da bambancin launin fata. == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan Afirka-Amurkawa na farko == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} rmpuxhpo2wxndgvvojpop7t3a2515h6 0 142947 863585 816972 2026-06-22T02:29:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Winfred Nyiva Mwendwa''' 'yar siyasa ce ta Kenya. Ita ce mace ta farko 'yar ƙasar Kenya da ta yi aiki a matsayin minista a majalisar ministoci. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta 'Yan Mata ta Alliance, <ref>{{Cite web |date=1948-02-28 |title=Alliance Girls High School: Historical Perspectives |url=http://www.alliancegirlshigh.com/content.php?pid=26 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903190606/http://www.alliancegirlshigh.com/content.php?pid=26 |archive-date=2011-09-03 |access-date=2011-08-09 |publisher=Alliancegirlshigh.com}}</ref> kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin malaman farko na ƙabilar Afirka da aka tura zuwa Makarantar Sakandare ta Kenya a tsakiyar shekarun 1960, tana koyar da Kimiyyar Cikin Gida. An zaɓe ta a matsayin 'yar majalisar mazaɓar Kitui ta Yamma sau uku, a shekarar 1974 da 1992 tana wakiltar KANU da kuma a shekarar 2002 tana wakiltar NARC.<ref>Center for Multiparty Democracy: [http://www.cmd.or.ke/images/Politics%20and%20Paliamenterians%20in%20Kenya.pdf Politics and Parliamentarians in Kenya 1944–2007] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028212845/http://www.cmd.or.ke/images/Politics%20and%20Paliamenterians%20in%20Kenya.pdf |date=2008-10-28 }}</ref> A zaɓen 2007 ta tsaya takarar kujerar a tikitin takarar ODM-Kenya, amma ta sha kaye a hannun Charles Mutisya Nyamai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Parliamentary election results 2007 - Kitui West |url=http://www.communication.go.ke/elections/constituency.asp?ID=64 |access-date=9 July 2017 |publisher= |archive-date=2 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080302014054/http://www.communication.go.ke/elections/constituency.asp?ID=64 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An zaɓe ta mace ta farko da ta wakilci gundumar Kitui a zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi na Kitui a shekarar 2013 bisa tikitin Wiper Democratic Movement-Kenya (WDM-K). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman of firsts and style |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/DN2/woman-of-firsts-and-style-/957860-1896084-iu4a4k/index.html |access-date=9 July 2017 |publisher=}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, ta sanar da niyyarta ta yi ritaya daga siyasa mai aiki shekaru 40 tun lokacin da ta fara aiki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mutua |first=Paul |title=Kitui Woman Rep Nyiva Mwendwa retires from politics |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000187771/kitui-woman-rep-nyiva-mwendwa-retires-from-politics |access-date=9 July 2017 |publisher=}}</ref> == Rayuwar siyasa == An naɗa Mwendwa a matsayin Ministan Al'adu da Ayyukan Jama'a a ranar 9 ga watan Mayu, 1995, inda ta zama minista mace ta farko a Kenya.<ref>The Power of the Media - A Handbook for Peacebuilders: [http://www.gppac.net/documents/Media_book_nieuw/p2_9_kenya.htm Kenya - Gender and Conflict Media Projects] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229080828/http://www.gppac.net/documents/Media_book_nieuw/p2_9_kenya.htm |date=2010-12-29 }} Edited by Ross Howard, Francis Rolt, Hans van de Veen and Juliette Verhoeven</ref> Ta jawo rashin jin daɗin ƙasa a shekarar 1995 lokacin da ta yi tafiya zuwa taron mata a [[Beijing]] a shekarar 1995 kuma ta ɗauki mai gyaran gashi a matsayin wani ɓangare na tawagarta. Mwendwa da kanta ta kare shawarar ta hanyar cewa kasancewarta shugabar wakilai, dole ne ta kula da kamanninta.<ref name="despair">The Standard, October 23, 2008: {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20230616064115/http://www.eastandard.net/specialreports/InsidePage.php?id=1143997645 Nyiva Mwendwa: Never give in to despair]}}</ref> Mijinta Kitili Maluki Mwendwa ya kasance babban alƙali kuma ɗan siyasa na Kenya. Kitili Mwendwa ya mutu a hatsarin mota a shekarar 1985. Ya kasance a lokacin MP na Kitui West, ɗan'uwansa [[Kyale Mwendwa]] ya karɓi kujerarsa a zaɓen da ya biyo baya. Wani ɗan'uwansa, [[Eliud Ngala Mwendwa]] shi ma tsohon ministan Kenya ne.<ref>David Throup & Charles Hornsby: [https://books.google.com/books?id=L_UYruQyn54C&dq=mwendwa&pg=PA210 Multi-party Politics in Kenya] James Currey Publishers, 1998 {{ISBN|0-85255-804-X}}</ref> Tana zaune a ƙauyen Matinyani a gundumar Kitui. Nyiva Mwendwa tana da 'ya'ya biyu, Kavinya da Maluki. == Kyaututtuka == An ba ta lambar yabo ta [http://gender.go.ke/hon-winfred-nyiva-mwendwa-egh/ The Order of the Golden Heart of Kenya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211003122308/http://gender.go.ke/hon-winfred-nyiva-mwendwa-egh/ |date=2021-10-03 }}, <ref>{{Cite web |last=genderadmin |title=Hon. Winfred Nyiva Mwendwa EGH |url=http://gender.go.ke/hon-winfred-nyiva-mwendwa-egh/ |access-date=2021-10-03 |website=State Department for Gender |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211003122308/http://gender.go.ke/hon-winfred-nyiva-mwendwa-egh/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Aji na Biyu, [https://www.identifymedals.com/article/kenyan-presidential-awards-orders-and-medals/ Elder of the Golden Heart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731230529/https://www.identifymedals.com/article/kenyan-presidential-awards-orders-and-medals/ |date=2020-07-31 }} (EGH) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] g82nilpqqhtkz9w0x2qr8pbwvji18vb 0 143214 863811 803705 2026-06-22T11:15:43Z Aisha Indo 46229 /* */ 863811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fairuza Balk''' (an haife ta a ranar 21 ga Mayun shekarar 1974) ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, mawaƙa, kuma mai zane-zane. An san ta da hotuna na musamman - sau da yawa tare da duhu da kuma "Goth-girl" persona<ref>{{Cite web |last=Benardello |first=Karen |date=September 14, 2014 |title=Interview: Fairuza Balk and Charles Baker Talk August Falls |url=https://www.shockya.com/news/2014/09/14/fairuza-balk-and-charles-baker-talk-august-falls/ |access-date=March 27, 2021 |website=ShockYa.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baranowski |first=Jordan |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Whatever Happened To Fairuza Balk? |url=https://www.looper.com/236012/whatever-happened-to-fairuza-balk/ |access-date=March 27, 2021 |website=Looper}}</ref> - ta bayyana a fina-finai masu zaman kansu da yawa da kuma fasalulluka masu yawa. Bayan jerin rawar talabijin, Balk ta fara fitowa a fim dinta na farko a matsayin Dorothy Gale a Return to Oz (1985), wanda aka zaba ta don Kyautar Saturn da kuma kyautar Young Artist don Mafi kyawun Ayyuka. ''Ayyukan'' sun ci gaba tare da sassa a fina-finai kamar ''Valmont'' (1989) da Gas Food Lodging (1992), wanda ya ba ta lambar yabo ta Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead . Bayan rawar da ta taka a cikin Imaginary Crimes (1994) da Things to Do in Denver When You're Dead (1995), Balk ta sami yabo da kuma bin addinin don nuna Nancy Downs a cikin The Craft (1996), wanda ya ba ta lambar yabo ta MTV Movie . Sauran kyaututtuka sun hada da The Island of Dr. Moreau (1996), American History X (1998), The Waterboy (1998), Almost Famous (2000), Personal Velocity: Three Portraits (2002), Deuces Wild (2002), Don't Come Knocking (2005), Wild Tigers I Have Known (2006), Humboldt County (2008), da kuma ''Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans'' (2009). A waje da fim, Balk ya nuna Mildred Hubble a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 1986 na The Worst Witch, bisa ga jerin littattafai na wannan sunan. Ta taka rawar Ginger a kan Showtime's ''Ray Donovan'' a shekarar 2015, kuma ta fito a matsayin Lizzie Thomas a cikin jerin Amazon Prime Paradise City a shekarar 2021. Balk tana fitar da kiɗa tun daga shekara ta 2010 a ƙarƙashin sunan aikinta da ba a sanya hannu ba, Armed Love Militia . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Balk a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1974, a Point Reyes, California, ga Solomon Feldthouse (an haife shi David Earle Scaff; 1940-2021), mawaƙi, da Cathryn Balk (1944-2018), mai rawa na ciki. Sunan Fairuza ya samo asali ne daga [[Farisawa|Farisa]] wanda ke nufin "turquoise". Mahaifinta ya ba ta sunan ne saboda launi na idanunta. Feldthouse na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Kaleidoscope ta shekarun 1960, kuma ya kasance mawaƙi mai tafiya. Until the age of two, Balk lived in Jackson, Michigan, with her mother. They then moved to [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]], where she began acting at age six. They moved to [[Landan|London]] and then to [[Faris|Paris]] for another role. They remained there for six months before returning to Vancouver.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Balk bought an occult shop called Panpipes in [[Los Angeles]] while filming the 1996 film ''The Craft''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfill |first=Samantha |date=October 16, 2017 |title=''The Craft'': Fairuza Balk shuts down those witch rumors |url=https://ew.com/movies/2017/10/16/the-craft-fairuza-balk-witch-rumors/ |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=EW.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Balk ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin rani na shekara ta 1983, inda aka koya mata yadda za a kalli kyamara kuma kada ta kasance jin kunya. Kwarewarta ta farko ta kasance a cikin tallan yawon bude ido na [[British Columbia]], wanda ta sami $ 100. Matsayinta na farko ya kasance a cikin Fim din talabijin na 1983 mai taken The Best Christmas Pageant Ever . Yayinda yake a Landan, Walt Disney Productions ya jefa Balk a matsayin Dorothy Gale a cikin Return to Oz, wanda ya biyo bayan wasan kwaikwayo na MGM na 1939 The Wizard of Oz . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Wizard of Oz Production Timeline |url=http://thejudyroom.com/oz/production.html#timeline |quote=The Walt Disney Company releases an unofficial sequel to the 1939 film titled ''Return to Oz'' and starring Fairuza Balk. The film is not a musical, and is much darker in tone than the 1939 film.}}</ref> Wannan rawar ta haifar da wasu, gami da na Mildred Hubble a cikin The Worst Witch . A shekara ta 1988, tana da shekaru 14, ta koma [[Faris|Paris]] don yin aiki a ''Valmont'' tare da Miloš Forman . Ta yanke shawarar yin darussan rubutu kuma ta koma Hollywood, inda ta sami karuwar sanarwa a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. A shekara ta 1992, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Independent Spirit Award a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau saboda rawar da ta taka a fim din Allison Anders Gas Food Lodging . <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 29, 1993 |title=Independent Spirit Awards Lives Up to Its Name : Movies: Irreverent, annual alternative awards program names 'The Player' as best of 1992. |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-03-29-ca-16653-story.html |access-date=March 7, 2019 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 1996, ta bayyana a matsayin jagora a cikin The Craft, inda halinta ya kafa ƙungiyar matasa tare da haruffa da Neve Campbell, Rachel True da Robin Tunney suka nuna. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Balk ya ci gaba da samun matsayi, da farko na duhu. A shekara ta 1996, ta yi aiki tare a cikin The Island of Dr Moreau . A shekara ta 1998, ta taka leda a matsayin Neo-Nazi a gaban Edward Norton a Tarihin Amurka X, kuma an nuna ta a cikin The Waterboy, tare da Adam Sandler . Tun daga shekara ta 2000, ta fito a fina-finai sama da goma sha biyu kuma ta kasance a takaice a cikin ƙungiyar da ake kira G-13. Ta kuma yi aikin murya don fina-finai masu rai, shirye-shiryen talabijin da wasannin bidiyo, gami da Justice League, Family Guy, Grand Theft Auto: Vice City da Lords of EverQuest . An sadaukar da shirin 2007 Return to Oz: The Joy That Got Away a gare ta. In 2010, Armed Love Militia, Balk's musical outlet, released the single "Stormwinds". The track was written and sung by Balk.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 10, 2018 |title=INTERVIEW: FAIRUZA {{!}} ARMED LOVE MILITIA X MEL SANSON |url=https://www.ferocemagazine.com/news/2018/10/4/interview-fairuza-armed-love-militia-x-mel-sanson |access-date=March 5, 2019 |website=ferocemagazine.com}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stormwinds by Armed Love Militia |url=https://armedlovemilitia.bandcamp.com/track/stormwinds |access-date=March 5, 2019 |website=[[bandcamp.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fairuza - music |url=https://www.fairuza.org/music |access-date=March 5, 2019 |website=fairuza.org}}</ref> Armed Love Militia continued, with Balk collaborating on an EP with singer and songwriter Mel Sanson.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 27, 2018 |title=ARMED LOVE MILITIA (FAIRUZA BALK & MEL SANSON): WHITE LILLIES REVIEW |url=https://www.ferocemagazine.com/news/2018/9/27/armed-love-militia-x-mel-sanson-white-lillies-review |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306042850/https://www.ferocemagazine.com/news/2018/9/27/armed-love-militia-x-mel-sanson-white-lillies-review |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |access-date=March 5, 2019 |website=ferocemagazine.com}}</ref> A cikin 2011, Balk ya fara nuna fasaha a Los Angeles da New York. A ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, 2012, ta shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na 'MiXTAPE', tare da wasu sanannun masu fasaha Mark Ryden, Camille Rose Garcia, Jessicka Addams, da Marion Peck . An nemi masu zane-zane su zaɓi waƙa kuma su ƙirƙiri zane-zane da aka yi wahayi zuwa gare su ta wannan waƙa. Balk ya zaɓi waƙar "Nuages" ta Django Reinhardt kuma ya kirkiro siffar 16"x20"x12". An gabatar da haɗin waƙoƙin da aka zaɓa don sauke dijital akan iTunes. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] 4friwblvf82nw5h6caulbjb638z3ego 863813 863811 2026-06-22T11:16:32Z Aisha Indo 46229 /* */ 863813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fairuza Balk''' (an haife ta a ranar 21 ga Mayun shekarar 1974) ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, mawaƙa, kuma mai zane-zane. An san ta da hotuna na musamman - sau da yawa tare da duhu da kuma "Goth-girl" persona<ref>{{Cite web |last=Benardello |first=Karen |date=September 14, 2014 |title=Interview: Fairuza Balk and Charles Baker Talk August Falls |url=https://www.shockya.com/news/2014/09/14/fairuza-balk-and-charles-baker-talk-august-falls/ |access-date=March 27, 2021 |website=ShockYa.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baranowski |first=Jordan |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Whatever Happened To Fairuza Balk? |url=https://www.looper.com/236012/whatever-happened-to-fairuza-balk/ |access-date=March 27, 2021 |website=Looper}}</ref> - ta bayyana a fina-finai masu zaman kansu da yawa da kuma fasalulluka masu yawa. Bayan jerin rawar talabijin, Balk ta fara fitowa a fim dinta na farko a matsayin Dorothy Gale a Return to Oz (1985), wanda aka zaɓa ta don Kyautar Saturn da kuma kyautar Young Artist don Mafi kyawun Ayyuka. ''Ayyukan'' sun ci gaba tare da sassa a fina-finai kamar ''Valmont'' (1989) da Gas Food Lodging (1992), wanda ya ba ta lambar yabo ta Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead . Bayan rawar da ta taka a cikin Imaginary Crimes (1994) da Things to Do in Denver When You're Dead (1995), Balk ta sami yabo da kuma bin addinin don nuna Nancy Downs a cikin The Craft (1996), wanda ya ba ta lambar yabo ta MTV Movie . Sauran kyaututtuka sun hada da The Island of Dr. Moreau (1996), American History X (1998), The Waterboy (1998), Almost Famous (2000), Personal Velocity: Three Portraits (2002), Deuces Wild (2002), Don't Come Knocking (2005), Wild Tigers I Have Known (2006), Humboldt County (2008), da kuma ''Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans'' (2009). A waje da fim, Balk ya nuna Mildred Hubble a cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 1986 na The Worst Witch, bisa ga jerin littattafai na wannan sunan. Ta taka rawar Ginger a kan Showtime's ''Ray Donovan'' a shekarar 2015, kuma ta fito a matsayin Lizzie Thomas a cikin jerin Amazon Prime Paradise City a shekarar 2021. Balk tana fitar da kiɗa tun daga shekara ta 2010 a ƙarƙashin sunan aikinta da ba a sanya hannu ba, Armed Love Militia . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Balk a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1974, a Point Reyes, California, ga Solomon Feldthouse (an haife shi David Earle Scaff; 1940-2021), mawaƙi, da Cathryn Balk (1944-2018), mai rawa na ciki. Sunan Fairuza ya samo asali ne daga [[Farisawa|Farisa]] wanda ke nufin "turquoise". Mahaifinta ya ba ta sunan ne saboda launi na idanunta. Feldthouse na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Kaleidoscope ta shekarun 1960, kuma ya kasance mawaƙi mai tafiya. Until the age of two, Balk lived in Jackson, Michigan, with her mother. They then moved to [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]], where she began acting at age six. They moved to [[Landan|London]] and then to [[Faris|Paris]] for another role. They remained there for six months before returning to Vancouver.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Balk bought an occult shop called Panpipes in [[Los Angeles]] while filming the 1996 film ''The Craft''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Highfill |first=Samantha |date=October 16, 2017 |title=''The Craft'': Fairuza Balk shuts down those witch rumors |url=https://ew.com/movies/2017/10/16/the-craft-fairuza-balk-witch-rumors/ |access-date=February 28, 2021 |website=EW.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Balk ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin rani na shekara ta 1983, inda aka koya mata yadda za a kalli kyamara kuma kada ta kasance jin kunya. Kwarewarta ta farko ta kasance a cikin tallan yawon bude ido na [[British Columbia]], wanda ta sami $ 100. Matsayinta na farko ya kasance a cikin Fim din talabijin na 1983 mai taken The Best Christmas Pageant Ever . Yayinda yake a Landan, Walt Disney Productions ya jefa Balk a matsayin Dorothy Gale a cikin Return to Oz, wanda ya biyo bayan wasan kwaikwayo na MGM na 1939 The Wizard of Oz . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Wizard of Oz Production Timeline |url=http://thejudyroom.com/oz/production.html#timeline |quote=The Walt Disney Company releases an unofficial sequel to the 1939 film titled ''Return to Oz'' and starring Fairuza Balk. The film is not a musical, and is much darker in tone than the 1939 film.}}</ref> Wannan rawar ta haifar da wasu, gami da na Mildred Hubble a cikin The Worst Witch . A shekara ta 1988, tana da shekaru 14, ta koma [[Faris|Paris]] don yin aiki a ''Valmont'' tare da Miloš Forman . Ta yanke shawarar yin darussan rubutu kuma ta koma Hollywood, inda ta sami karuwar sanarwa a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. A shekara ta 1992, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Independent Spirit Award a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau saboda rawar da ta taka a fim din Allison Anders Gas Food Lodging . <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 29, 1993 |title=Independent Spirit Awards Lives Up to Its Name : Movies: Irreverent, annual alternative awards program names 'The Player' as best of 1992. |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-03-29-ca-16653-story.html |access-date=March 7, 2019 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 1996, ta bayyana a matsayin jagora a cikin The Craft, inda halinta ya kafa ƙungiyar matasa tare da haruffa da Neve Campbell, Rachel True da Robin Tunney suka nuna. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Balk ya ci gaba da samun matsayi, da farko na duhu. A shekara ta 1996, ta yi aiki tare a cikin The Island of Dr Moreau . A shekara ta 1998, ta taka leda a matsayin Neo-Nazi a gaban Edward Norton a Tarihin Amurka X, kuma an nuna ta a cikin The Waterboy, tare da Adam Sandler . Tun daga shekara ta 2000, ta fito a fina-finai sama da goma sha biyu kuma ta kasance a takaice a cikin ƙungiyar da ake kira G-13. Ta kuma yi aikin murya don fina-finai masu rai, shirye-shiryen talabijin da wasannin bidiyo, gami da Justice League, Family Guy, Grand Theft Auto: Vice City da Lords of EverQuest . An sadaukar da shirin 2007 Return to Oz: The Joy That Got Away a gare ta. In 2010, Armed Love Militia, Balk's musical outlet, released the single "Stormwinds". The track was written and sung by Balk.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 10, 2018 |title=INTERVIEW: FAIRUZA {{!}} ARMED LOVE MILITIA X MEL SANSON |url=https://www.ferocemagazine.com/news/2018/10/4/interview-fairuza-armed-love-militia-x-mel-sanson |access-date=March 5, 2019 |website=ferocemagazine.com}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stormwinds by Armed Love Militia |url=https://armedlovemilitia.bandcamp.com/track/stormwinds |access-date=March 5, 2019 |website=[[bandcamp.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fairuza - music |url=https://www.fairuza.org/music |access-date=March 5, 2019 |website=fairuza.org}}</ref> Armed Love Militia continued, with Balk collaborating on an EP with singer and songwriter Mel Sanson.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 27, 2018 |title=ARMED LOVE MILITIA (FAIRUZA BALK & MEL SANSON): WHITE LILLIES REVIEW |url=https://www.ferocemagazine.com/news/2018/9/27/armed-love-militia-x-mel-sanson-white-lillies-review |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306042850/https://www.ferocemagazine.com/news/2018/9/27/armed-love-militia-x-mel-sanson-white-lillies-review |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |access-date=March 5, 2019 |website=ferocemagazine.com}}</ref> A cikin 2011, Balk ya fara nuna fasaha a Los Angeles da New York. A ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, 2012, ta shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na 'MiXTAPE', tare da wasu sanannun masu fasaha Mark Ryden, Camille Rose Garcia, Jessicka Addams, da Marion Peck . An nemi masu zane-zane su zaɓi waƙa kuma su ƙirƙiri zane-zane da aka yi wahayi zuwa gare su ta wannan waƙa. Balk ya zaɓi waƙar "Nuages" ta Django Reinhardt kuma ya kirkiro siffar 16"x20"x12". An gabatar da haɗin waƙoƙin da aka zaɓa don sauke dijital akan iTunes. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] fp7bdqjh9yct3vrltn59wdm37ifm520 0 144956 863696 817220 2026-06-22T07:23:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863696 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Oyinkansola "foza" Fawehinmi'''listenⓘ is a Nigerian entertainment lawyer also known as Foza which is an acronym of her names Fawehinmi, Oyinkansola, Zaeedat, Adesola. She was born in [[Lagos (jiha)|Lagos]] to Mr.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Enenaite |first=Blessing |date=2023-02-11 |title=My father's death influenced my book — Fawehinmi |url=https://punchng.com/my-fathers-death-influenced-my-book-fawehinmi/ |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> and Mrs. Fawehinmi on February 16, 1993. == Ayyuka == Foza ta fara aikinta a matsayin manajan hanya a Monarc Entertainment, inda ta gudanar da zagaye na manema labarai don kundi na farko [[L.I.F.E|L.I.F.E.]]" data-linkid="62" href="./Burna_Boy" id="mwEw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Burna Boy">Ɗan Burna Boy, "L.I.F.E". Ta kuma tsara shirye-shiryen yawon shakatawa na Chee.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kunle |first=Daramola |date=April 9, 2022 |title=Interview: Creatives need legal backing to thrive, says Oyinkansola Fawehinmi |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/interview-creatives-need-legal-backing-to-thrive-says-oyinkansola-fawehinmi/ |access-date=May 9, 2022 |website=thecable.ng}}</ref> Daga baya ta koma Incubation Factory, da farko a matsayin shugaban kasuwanci da mai gabatar da kundin, daga ƙarshe ta zama janar manajan. Ta yi aiki tare da masu fasaha da kamfanoni kamar Timaya, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bailey |first=Bunmi |date=2022-09-23 |title='Intellectual property protection is an excellent opportunity for Nigerian creatives' |url=https://businessday.ng/interview/article/intellectual-property-protection-is-an-excellent-opportunity-for-nigerian-creatives/ |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> GoodGirl LA, Boomplay Music, Music Time! , ColdPlay, Warner Music, da [[Teni (mawaƙiya)|Teni]] the Entertainer . Foza abokin haɗin gwiwa ne a Technolawgical Partners, wanda ke wakiltar abokan ciniki a cikin kafofin watsa labarai, cyber, da masana'antun nishaɗi, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Udugba |first=Anthony |date=2023-03-06 |title=Nigeria's copyright laws are outdated – Oyinkansola Fawehinmi - |url=https://businessday.ng/interview/article/nigerias-copyright-laws-are-outdated-oyinkansola-fawehinmi/ |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> gami da The Sarz Academy, [[Odunlade Adekola]], Timaya, [[Linda Ikeji]] Blog, da Incubation Factory Entertainment Limited. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa daga 2014 zuwa 2020. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Digital Music Commerce da Exchange Limited, wani kamfani na IP na Afirka, gudanar da kundin, da kuma kamfanin gudanarwa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-20 |title=How Sexism Is Destroying The Music Industry - Popular Entertainment Lawyer Writes |url=https://tvcentertainment.tv/2023/04/how-sexism-is-destroying-the-music-industry-popular-entertainment-lawyer-writes/ |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=Pure Entertainment |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602214200/https://tvcentertainment.tv/2023/04/how-sexism-is-destroying-the-music-industry-popular-entertainment-lawyer-writes/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Foza ya co-kafa [[Greenlight Music Publishing]], daya daga cikin Kamfanonin bugawa kiɗa na farko na Najeriya, yana magana game da mallakar haƙƙin kiɗa a ƙasar. Ita ce ta kafa Zaeda Oracle Limited . == Taron Taron == A ranar 28 ga watan Agusta, 2020, Foza ta shiga matsayin Mai kula da MTN Business of the Arts Series . Wani shiri da [[MTN Foundation|Gidauniyar MTN]] ta ƙaddamar tare da haɗin gwiwar Musical Society of Nigeria, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Oluwatoye |first=Dara |date=2020-08-28 |title=Oyinkansola Fawehinmi Set To Moderate The MTN Business of the Arts Series |url=https://thenet.ng/oyinkansola-fawehinmi-set-to-moderate-the-mtn-business-of-the-arts-series/ |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=Nigerian Entertainment Today |language=en-US}}</ref> don ilimantar da malaman kiɗa game da ƙwarewar masana'antar kiɗa, fasaha, al'adu, mutane, kuma mafi mahimmanci, kasuwanci. Ta kasance daga cikin kwamiti masu tattaunawa don taron tarawa na 9 ga Janairu (J9C). [1] J9C kungiya ce ta zamantakewa da al'adu wacce ke gudanar da laccoci na jama'a na shekara-shekara. Sauran mambobin sun kasance Daraktan Cibiyar CIAPS, Legas, Farfesa Anthony Kika; da kuma marubuci da mai wallafa The Cable Newspaper, Mista Simon Kolawole . Ta fito a taron AfricaNXT tare da wasu masana'antun nishaɗi kamar Seun Fakorede, Kwamishinan Matasa da Wasanni, [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]] . == Tarihi == A cikin 2023, Foza ta wallafa littafin tunawa mai taken "So Far So Foza," <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=Fawehinmi calls out sexism in music industry, releases memoir, So Far So Foza |url=https://guardian.ng/art/fawehinmi-calls-out-sexism-in-music-industry-releases-memoir-so-far-so-foza/ |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ke ba da cikakken bayani game da tafiyarta daga yarinta zuwa nasarorin da ta samu. Littafin, wanda Zmirage Publishing ya buga, yana ba da haske game da rayuwarta da aiki. == Kyaututtuka da membobin == * Lauyan Shekara, Kyautar Afirka ta gaba, 2022 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Eva |date=1 June 2024 |title=MTV Base's Musicology returns Oct 13 with fiery debate on art of live performance |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/10/mtv-bases-musicology-returns-oct-13-with-fiery-debate-on-art-of-live-performance/#google_vignette |website=vanguardngr.com}}</ref> * Babban Matashi Lauyan Shekara, Esq Awards, 2022 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Stephen |first=Kenechi |date=February 2, 2023 |title=Music lawyer Foza to release book on 'industry blacklist' culture |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/music-lawyer-foza-to-release-book-on-industry-blacklist-culture/ |website=lifestyle.thecable.ng}}</ref> * Top 50 Music Executives, Turntable Power List, 2021/22 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-24 |title=So Far So Foza: Fawehinmi calls out sexism in music industry, releases memoir - New Telegraph |url=https://newtelegraphng.com/so-far-so-foza-fawehinmi-calls-out-sexism-in-music-industry-releases-memoir/,%20https://newtelegraphng.com/so-far-so-foza-fawehinmi-calls-out-sexism-in-music-industry-releases-memoir/ |access-date=2024-06-02 |website=newtelegraphng.com |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * memba na kwamitin ba da shawara, Audio Girl Africa <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ejike |first=Ewere |date=September 7, 2022 |title=Why artists don't refund show promoters, by Fozadoza |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/why-artists-dont-refund-show-promoters-by-fozadoza/ |access-date=September 7, 2022 |website=thenationonlineng.net}}</ref> * Mataimakin Shugaban kasa Abubuwan da suka faru, Mata a cikin Kiɗa Najeriya. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] p22rinxhx3phsc791nixfzbvjhit3g3 0 145952 863591 811212 2026-06-22T03:46:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ola Mildred Rexroat''' (28 ga Agusta, 1917 &#x2013; 28 ga Yuni, 2017) ita ce mace ɗaya tilo 'yar asalin Amurka da ta yi aiki a cikin Matan Jiragen Sama na Sojan Sama (WASP). <ref name="nickpenzenstadler journalstaff">{{Cite web |last=Nick Penzenstadler Journal staff |date=11 November 2010 |title=Last surviving South Dakota WASP, 'Sexy Rexy', recalls World War II service |url=http://rapidcityjournal.com/news/last-surviving-south-dakota-wasp-sexy-rexy-recalls-world-war/article_a61be93c-ed44-11df-8e3e-001cc4c002e0.html |website=Rapid City Journal}}</ref> <ref name="thespectrum.com">{{Cite web |date=June 11, 2015 |title=WASP filled with colorful pilots |url=http://www.thespectrum.com/story/news/local/mesquite/2015/06/11/wasp-filled-colorful-pilots/71073606 |access-date=July 3, 2017 |website=St. George News}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Rexroat a Argonia, Kansas a shekarar 1917, ga uba ɗan ƙasar Turai da kuma mahaifiyar Oglala . Mahaifinta mawallafi ne kuma edita kuma yana ƙaura akai-akai. Iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa [[South Dakota]] tun tana ƙarama, kuma ta yi aƙalla wani ɓangare na ƙuruciyarta tare da kakarta a [[Gidan kare Indiya na Pine Ridge|Pine Ridge Reservation]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Long |first=Steve |title=WWII WASP with Pine Ridge roots: "A Long the Way" |url=https://www.blackhillsfox.com/home/headlines/WWII-WASP-with-Pine-Ridge-roots--A-Long-the-Way-370746721.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160720223246/https://www.blackhillsfox.com/home/headlines/WWII-WASP-with-Pine-Ridge-roots--A-Long-the-Way-370746721.html |archive-date=2016-07-20 |access-date=2019-05-09 |website=www.blackhillsfox.com |language=english}}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 1923, iyalin suka ƙaura don ta sami damar halartar makarantar gwamnati a Wynona, Oklahoma . Ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar St. Mary's Episcopal Indian School da ke Springfield, South Dakota, a shekarar 1932. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2017-07-06 |title=Ola Mildred (Millie) Rexroat-McDonald |url=https://www.lakotacountrytimes.com/articles/ola-mildred-millie-rexroat-mcdonald/ |access-date=2019-05-09 |website=Lakota Country Times |archive-date=2019-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509032207/https://www.lakotacountrytimes.com/articles/ola-mildred-millie-rexroat-mcdonald/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Rexroat ta fara shiga kwalejin malamai a Chadron, Nebraska, amma ta tafi kafin ta kammala digirinta don yin aiki a abin da yanzu ake kira Ofishin Harkokin Indiya na shekara guda. Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin fasaha daga Jami'ar New Mexico a shekarar 1939. <ref name=":0" /> Bayan kwaleji, ta sake yin aiki a Ofishin Harkokin Indiya a Gallup, New Mexico na shekara guda. <ref name=":1" /> == Aikin jirgin sama da kuma rayuwar daga baya == [[Fayil:Ola_Mildred_Rexroat_2010.jpg|left|thumb|Ola Mildred Rexroat sanye da lambar zinare ta 'yan majalisa a bikin ranar 'yancin kai ta 2010 a Mount Rushmore .]] Rexroat ta yi aiki a matsayin injiniyoyi da ke gina filayen jirgin sama a El Paso, inda ta yanke shawarar koyon yadda ake tashi. Domin yin hakan, za ta buƙaci jirginta na kanta ko kuma ta shiga Matan Jiragen Sama na Sojojin Sama (WASP). Ta zaɓi na ƙarshe, ta ƙaura zuwa [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] a 1943, tare da mahaifiyarta da 'yan'uwanta mata, kuma an ɗauke ta aiki a Kwalejin Yaƙin Sojoji . Daga nan Rexroat ta je horon WASP a Sweetwater, Texas, kuma an ba ta aikin da ke da haɗari na jan wuraren da ɗaliban ke kai hari a sararin samaniya a Filin Jirgin Sama na Sojojin Eagle Pass bayan kammala karatunta. <ref name="indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com">{{Cite web |title=Warriors at Heart: Some of the Native Women Who Served in the Military |url=http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2014/04/03/warriors-heart-some-native-women-who-served-military-154298 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121011016/http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2014/04/03/warriors-heart-some-native-women-who-served-military-154298 |archive-date=November 21, 2016 |access-date=July 3, 2017 |website=indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com}}</ref> Ta kuma taimaka wajen jigilar kaya da ma'aikata. Lokacin da aka wargaza rundunar WASP a watan Disamba na 1944, ta shiga [[United States Air Force|rundunar sojin saman Amurka]], inda ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru goma a matsayin mai kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a sansanin sojojin sama na Kirkland da ke New Mexico a lokacin yakin Koriya . <ref name="thespectrum.com"/> <ref name="indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com"/> Bayan kammala aikinta a Rundunar Sojojin Sama a shekarar 1954, ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin mai kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na Hukumar Kula da Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya tsawon shekaru 33. [1] Sai da ta kai shekara 60 a shekarar 1977 ne WASP ta sami takardar shaidar soja a hukumance, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama tsohon soja. A shekara ta 2007 aka shigar da ita cikin zauren shaharar jiragen sama na South Dakota . <ref>{{Cite web |title=WASP OLA REXROAT |url=http://www.wingsacrossamerica.us/news/rexroat.html |access-date=July 3, 2017 |publisher=wingsacrossamerica.us}}</ref> A shekarar 2009, an ba ta lambar zinare ta Majalisar Dokoki tare da sauran WASP saboda nasarorin da suka samu. <ref name="sorell">At the Mountain's Base, September 17, 2019 by Traci Sorell, {{ISBN|0735230609}}</ref> == Rayuwar mutum da mutuwa == Rexroat ta haifi ɗa ɗaya. Ta mutu a watan Yunin 2017 tana da shekaru 99. Kafin mutuwarta, ita ce WASP ta ƙarshe da ta tsira a South Dakota kuma ɗaya daga cikin WASP 275 masu rai daga cikin 1,074 na asali. <ref name="wolf">{{Cite web |last=Wolf |first=White |title=Ola Mildred Rexroat: The only Native American woman to serve in the Women Airforce Service Pilots |url=http://www.whitewolfpack.com/2016/11/ola-mildred-rexroat-only-native.html |access-date=2019-05-09 |website=White Wolf}}</ref> == Gado == Watanni da dama bayan rasuwarta, an sanya wa ginin filin jirgin sama da ke sansanin sojojin sama na Ellsworth suna. <ref>{{Cite web |title=W.A.S.P. Ola "Millie" Rexroat: "If I could do something like fly" |url=https://www.sofmag.com/w-a-s-p-ola-millie-rexroat-if-i-could-do-something-like-fly/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509032214/https://www.sofmag.com/w-a-s-p-ola-millie-rexroat-if-i-could-do-something-like-fly/ |archive-date=2019-05-09 |access-date=2019-05-09 |website=Soldier of Fortune Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> Rayuwarta ta zaburar da wani littafi mai hoto ga yara mai suna At the Mountain's base. <ref name="sorell">At the Mountain's Base, September 17, 2019 by Traci Sorell, {{ISBN|0735230609}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0735230609|<bdi>0735230609</bdi>]]</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2017]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1917]] s6fdlhh17lqzdub93jm69lpxtefnheo 0 146516 863419 813118 2026-06-21T18:15:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nahla Ramadan Mohamed''' (Arabic; an haife shi a ranar 4 ga Afrilu 1985 a Alexandria, [[Misra|Misira]]) ɗan Masar ne kuma mai gabatarwa na ɗaga nauyi a Misira, Afirka da duniyar Larabawa. Ta fafata a Masar a gasar Olympics ta 2004 da 2012 . A wasannin Olympics na bazara na shekara ta 2004, tana fafatawa a cikin rukuni mai nauyi, ba ta gama gasar ba, saboda ba ta iya yin rajistar ɗagawa a cikin tsabta da ja.<ref name=":0" /> A Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012, ta yi gasa a cikin rukunin manyan nauyi kuma ta kammala ta biyar.<ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=29 July 2016 |title=Abeer Abdulrahman becomes first Egyptian female Olympic medalist |url=https://stepfeed.com/abeer-abdulrahman-becomes-first-egyptian-female-olympic-medalist-3074 |access-date=25 March 2026 |archive-date=15 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181115112825/https://stepfeed.com/abeer-abdulrahman-becomes-first-egyptian-female-olympic-medalist-3074 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Koyaya, shekaru huɗu bayan haka a cikin 2016 samfurori da aka ɗauka a London 2012 daga mai ba da lambar tagulla ta Armenia Hripsime Khurshudyan an gwada su da tabbatacce don abubuwan da aka haramta. Saboda haka, Nahla Ramadan na Masar, wanda ya fara zama na biyar, ya zo na huɗu.<ref name=":2" /> == Nasarorin da aka samu == <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Al-Ahram Weekly |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/Archive/2003/639/sp4.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181115071201/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/Archive/2003/639/sp4.htm |archive-date=2018-11-15 |access-date=2018-11-14}}</ref> A shekara ta 2003 a gasar zakarun duniya ta Grand Prix a Budapest, Nahla Ramadan ya zama dan wasan da ya fi dacewa bayan ya karbi lambobin zinare uku kuma ya karya rikodin duniya guda biyu a cikin tsari, wani abin da ba a taɓa gani ba ga Masarawa na kowane jinsi a cikin wasanni. Lokacin da take da shekaru 18 kawai, ta kafa sabon rikodin duniya na 145 kg a cikin jerk, kilo biyu fiye da na Krenz Geuiguny na Bulgaria. Rubuce-rubucen duniya na biyu na Ramadan ya kasance a cikin jimlar adadin kilo da aka ɗaga: 260 kg, kuma a kan kuɗin Geuiguny da rikodin da ta gabata na 255 kg. A cikin ƙwaƙwalwar, Ramadan ta ɗaga kilo 115 don samun lambar zinare ta uku amma a wannan lokacin ta kasa karya rikodin duniya. A shekara ta 2002, ta lashe lambobin azurfa guda biyu da tagulla a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya a Jamhuriyar Czech da lambobin tagulla guda biyu don Clean & Jerk lift da jimlar. a 2003 a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya a Poland . A shekara ta 2006, ta lashe lambar tagulla don Snatch lift a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya a Jamhuriyar Dominica . Nahla ta kuma lashe lambobin zinare uku a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2003 - Kilo na Mata 75 na mata, lokacin da aka kwace lambobin yabo na kasar Sin Shang Shichun yayin da aka gwada ta a gwajin magani. Ta kuma lashe lambobin zinare uku a Wasannin Afirka na 2007. == Iyali da ƙuruciya == An haifi Nahla Ramadan ne a cikin dangin masu ɗaukar nauyi a gundumar Al-Wardyan ta Alexandria . Mahaifinta Ramadan Mohamed El-Sayed ya kasance zakara na nauyin nauyi na kasa kuma daga baya ya zama kocin yankin nauyin Alexandria. Babbar 'yar uwarta Nagham ta yi kanun labarai a kan duniya, kodayake ayyukanta ba su da wani abu da za a iya kwatanta da na Nahla. Wani dalibi a Makarantar Gwaje-gwaje ta Cleopatra a Alexandria, ɗan Bulgarian Yurden Ivanov ne ya fara ganin Ramadan, tsohon zakaran duniya da na Olympics wanda aka zaba a matsayin babban kocin dukkan kungiyoyin ƙasar Masar. Ivanov ya nemi kasar a kokarin zabar 'yan wasa mafi kyau kuma da sauri ya burge shi da Ramadan. Ya annabta - kuma daidai a baya - cewa za ta zama zakara a duniya. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] ath0nl0cbdwyow8r6ztfhrjzvy8cy2x 0 147401 863726 817739 2026-06-22T09:07:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863726 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Patrick Dorgu Como-Lecce 30 Dec 2024.jpg|thumb|Patrick Dorgu]] {{Infobox football biography | name = Patrick Dorgu | full_name = Patrick Chinazaekpere Dorgu | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|2004|10|26}} | birth_place = Copenhagen, Denmark | position = Left-back / Winger | currentclub = Lecce | clubnumber = 13 | youthyears1 = –2022 | youthclubs1 = Nordsjælland | years1 = 2022–2023 | clubs1 = Lecce Primavera | caps1 = 34 | goals1 = 5 | years2 = 2023– | clubs2 = Lecce | caps2 = 30 | goals2 = 2 | nationalyears1 = 2023– | nationalteam1 = Denmark U21 | nationalcaps1 = 6 | nationalgoals1 = 1 | club-update = 1 April 2026 | nationalteam-update = 1 April 2026 }} '''Patrick Chinazaekpere Dorgu''' (an haife shi 26 ga Oktoba 2004) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Denmark]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan baya na hagu ko winger ga ƙungiyar [[U.S. Lecce]] a gasar [[Serie A]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Patrick Dorgu Profile |url=https://www.uslecce.it |publisher=U.S. Lecce}}</ref> An san shi da ƙarfinsa da saurin kai hari daga ɓangaren hagu.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Lecce young talents |work=Gazzetta dello Sport |url=https://www.gazzetta.it}}</ref> == Rayuwar Farko == An haifi Dorgu a birnin [[Copenhagen]], Denmark, ga iyayen asalin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Patrick Dorgu Biography |url=https://bold.dk}}</ref> Ya taso yana taka leda a makarantar matasa ta [[FC Nordsjælland]], inda ya samu horo a tsarin haɓaka matasa da aka sani da baiwa matasa dama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=FC Nordsjælland Academy |url=https://fcn.dk}}</ref> == Aikin Ƙungiya == === Lecce Primavera === A shekarar 2022, Dorgu ya koma Italiya domin shiga ƙungiyar matasa ta [[U.S. Lecce]] (Primavera).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dorgu joins Lecce |url=https://www.uslecce.it/news}}</ref> Ya taka rawar gani a gasar matasa ta Italiya, inda ya zura ƙwallaye da dama duk da kasancewarsa ɗan baya.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Primavera report |work=Tuttosport |url=https://www.tuttosport.com}}</ref> === Lecce (Babbar Ƙungiya) === Dorgu ya fara bugawa babbar ƙungiyar Lecce wasa a kakar 2023/2024 a gasar [[Serie A]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Serie A appearances |url=https://www.legaseriea.it}}</ref> Ya samu yabo saboda iya taka leda a matsayin left-back mai kai hari da kuma winger idan ana buƙata.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Dorgu shines in Serie A |work=Corriere dello Sport |url=https://www.corrieredellosport.it}}</ref> == Aikin Ƙasa == Dorgu ya wakilci [[Denmark national under-21 football team|Denmark U21]] a matakin matasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Denmark U21 squad |url=https://www.dbus.dk }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Duk da kasancewarsa ɗan asalin Najeriya, ya zaɓi wakiltar Denmark a matakin ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Dorgu chooses Denmark |work=Bold |url=https://bold.dk}}</ref> == Salon Wasa == Patrick Dorgu ɗan wasa ne mai sauri da ƙarfi, wanda yake iya taka rawar gani a ɓangaren hagu na fili.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Player analysis: Dorgu |work=Gazzetta dello Sport |url=https://www.gazzetta.it}}</ref> Yana da ƙwarewa wajen kai farmaki daga baya, tura ƙwallaye cikin akwatin bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, da kuma taimakawa tsaro.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Lecce tactical review |work=Sky Sport Italia |url=https://sport.sky.it}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:2004 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Danish men's footballers]] [[Category:Denmark youth international footballers]] [[Category:U.S. Lecce players]] [[Category:Serie A players]] [[Category:Footballers from Copenhagen]] lrtzdo2no5s4xh16hqrycq0zc6qzyc6 0 148446 863226 842906 2026-06-21T15:15:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863226 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Muna Khalif Yusef''' ([[Somalis|Somaliya]]_language" id="mwCw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Somali language" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Somali: Muna Khalif Sheekh Abuu, Larabci: ), wanda aka fi sani da '''Muna Kay''', ɗan kasuwa ne na Somali-Amurka, mai tsara kayan ado kuma ɗan majalisa. Ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugaba na alamar Um Lemar. Khalif kuma tana aiki a matsayin 'yar majalisa a majalisar dokokin tarayya ta Somalia, kuma an zabe ta ne daga yankin Kudu maso Yamma. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Muna Khalif (cikakken suna - Muna Khalif Yusef) an haife ta ne a [[Somaliya]] . <ref name="Entr">{{Cite journal |date=October–December 2015 |title=Entrepreneurship - The Fashion Designer with a Big Dream |url=https://www.joomag.com/magazine/the-somalia-investor-magazine-vol-1i-issue-4i-2015/0526831001452766078?page=38 |journal=The Somalia Investor |volume=1 |issue=4 |access-date=25 September 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Fedparl">{{Cite web |date=26 November 2016 |title=Four More MPs Elected to the Lower House in Baidoa |url=https://unsom.unmissions.org/four-more-mps-elected-lower-house-baidoa |access-date=25 September 2017 |publisher=UN |archive-date=26 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170926095901/https://unsom.unmissions.org/four-more-mps-elected-lower-house-baidoa |url-status=dead }}</ref> Iyalinta sun fito ne daga dangin Tunni.<ref name="Fedparl" /> Bayan yakin basasa ya ɓarke a wurin haihuwarta, ita da iyayenta sun yi hijira zuwa Ingila. Khalif ta yi karatun abinci mai gina jiki a kwaleji. Daga baya ta kuma dauki darussan zane-zane. == Ayyuka == === Muna Kay === Khalif shine wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Um Lemar, layin tufafi mai suna wanda ke kula da kasuwar Islama. Ta kafa alamar don samar da matasan mata Musulmai da tufafi masu kyau waɗanda ke bin ƙa'idodin tawali'u. Khalif daga baya ta ƙaddamar da Baby Lemar, tarin tufafin jarirai mai suna bayan ɗanta.<ref name="Entr"/> Ya zuwa 2016, kamfanin Muna Kay yana aiki a duniya, tare da kantin sayar da kayayyaki a [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]], [[Gabashin Afirka]] da [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]]. Har ila yau, tana da cibiyar masana'antu a kasar Sin.<ref name="Entr"/> Bugu da ƙari, Khalif shine shugaban Gidauniyar Um Lemar. Kungiyar agaji tana ba da taimako ga marasa galihu, kuma tana ba da horo da jagoranci ga mata da 'yan mata.<ref name="Entr"/> === Majalisar Tarayya ta Somalia === [[Fayil:2016_16_Youth_Workshop-6_(30821301124).jpg|thumb|Dan majalisa na tarayya Muna Khalif yana jagorantar taron siyasa.]] A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2016, Khalif ta gabatar da kanta a matsayin dan takara don kujerar majalisa a majalisar dokokin tarayya ta Somalia . An zabe ta a matsayin wakilin Jihar Kudu maso Yamma, inda ta samu kuri'u 41.<ref name="Fedparl"/> Wani hukumar kula da zabe daga baya ya yi kira ga sake zaben a kan dalilin da ya sa Khalif da wasu 'yan majalisa bakwai ba su cika ƙofar zabe ba. Kotun Koli ta amince da wannan hukuncin. Koyaya, Majalisar Tarayya ta soke shawarar, tare da Ƙananan Majalisar a maimakon haka ta ba da izinin Khalif da sauran 'yan majalisa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Judiciary set for supremacy war as House 'annuls' Court ruling over election of 8 MPs |url=http://garsoornews.com/mararkamaantay/judiciary-set-for-supremacy-war-as-house-annuls-court-ruling-over-election-of-8-mps/ |access-date=25 September 2017 |publisher=Garsoor Online |archive-date=26 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170926095959/http://garsoornews.com/mararkamaantay/judiciary-set-for-supremacy-war-as-house-annuls-court-ruling-over-election-of-8-mps/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.munakay.com/}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] rna377b63s9azr3hnvd8874qhqupsj3 0 149046 863260 829351 2026-06-21T15:28:06Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 863260 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Merguez''' ( / mɛər ˈɡɛz / mair - mair- ) wani tsiran alade ne mai launin ja, mai yaji ko naman sa da aka yi da kayan yaji a cikin [[abincin Maghrebi]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Merguez, the Algerian sausages {{!}} Le Kesh |url=https://keshoxford.com/merguez-the-algerian-sausages/ |access-date=2021-11-23 |website=keshoxford.com/ |language=en-US}}</ref> A [[Faransa]], merguez ya shahara a shekarun 1960 da 1970, yayin da baƙi 'yan Algeria da pieds-noirs na [[Aljeriya]] suka zauna a ƙasar suka buɗe ƙananan shaguna da gidajen cin abinci waɗanda ke ba da abinci na gargajiya kamar merguez. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hubbell |first=Amy L. |date=2013-07-17 |title=(In)Edible Algeria: Transmitting Pied-Noir Nostalgia Through Food |url=https://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/journals/index.php/portal/article/view/2991 |journal=PORTAL Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies |volume=10 |issue=2 |doi=10.5130/portal.v10i2.2991 |issn=1449-2490 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Amy Hubbell |date=2013 |title=(In)Edible Algeria: Transmitting Pied-Noir Nostalgia Through Food |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270015841}}</ref> Shahararren merguez a Faransa ya kuma ƙarfafa sakamakon karuwar gidajen abinci masu sauri kamar Quick da McDonald's, waɗanda suka fara ba da sandwiches na merguez da burgers don biyan buƙatun abokan cinikinsu na Arewacin Afirka. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Andrew F. Smith |date=2007 |title=Merguez |journal=The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink}}</ref> Merguez tsiran alade ne da aka yi da rago, naman sa, ko wani hadin da aka saka a cikin jakar naman rago da aka dafa a cikin hanji. Ana zuba masa kayan ƙanshi da cumin da barkono ko [[harissa]], wanda hakan ke ba shi launinsa na musamman da kuma launin ja, da kuma wasu kayan ƙanshi kamar sumac, [[fennel]] da [[tafarnuwa]]. Ana cin Merguez a gasashe . Duk da cewa ba a cikin [[couscous]] na gargajiya na Maghrebi ba, ana amfani da shi sau da yawa a cikin [[Couscous|couscous royal]] a [[Faransa]]. Haka kuma ana cin sa a cikin sandwiches da kuma soyayyen dankali da kuma dijon mustard. == Asalin Ma'anar == Akwai kalmomi da yawa a cikin Larabci ( مِركس mirkas, pl. مراكس marākis; Crafts mirkās, مَركس markas da مِرقاز mirqāz ). Jinkirin da ke tsakanin k da q wataƙila yana nuna furucin /ɡ /, wanda babu rubutun Larabci na yau da kullun; abin da ya ƙara ruɗani shi ne cewa a wasu yarukan maghrebi, wani lokacin ana furta ƙāf na Larabci kamar /ɡ /, a matsayin allophone na /q / . [1] An fara tabbatar da shi a ƙarni na 12, a matsayin mirkās ko merkās. [2] Kalmomin Larabci na abincin kuma shine asalin sunayen kayan abinci na Sifaniyanci ''morcon'' da ''morcilla.'' == Duba kuma == * Jerin abincin Afirka * [[Abincin Berber]] * [[Abincin Maghrebi]] == Manazarta == * Davidson, Alan, "Merguez", ''Oxford Companion to Food'' (1999), shafi.&nbsp;497. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-19-211579-0|<bdi>0-19-211579-0</bdi>]] * Ch. Pellat, " [http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/mirkas-SIM_5223?s.num=0&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&s.q=mirkas Mirkās] ", ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'', bugu na biyu. sy4pingch3xvhsrpjjz6hw0xe34n4hb 0 149100 862913 829521 2026-06-21T12:34:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 862913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Morogo''' ko '''moroho''', wanda kuma aka sani da alayyafo na Afirka, yana nufin rukuni na akalla kayan lambu masu duhu guda uku da ake samu a duk faɗin Kudancin Afirka waɗanda aka girbe don amfanin ɗan adam. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin abincin gargajiya [[Afirka ta Kudu|na Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma yana zama muhimmin ɓangare na abincin yau da kullun a cikin al'ummomin karkara. == Fa'idodin lafiya da aminci == Ganyen Morogo suna da sinadarin furotin har zuwa kashi 36%. Babban sinadarin bitamin ya dogara ne da shekarun shukar da kuma yadda ake shirya ta; shuke-shuken suna dauke da bitamin A da bitamin C kuma suna karawa da karancin sinadarin calcium, magnesium da iron a cikin masara . [1] A Afirka ta Kudu, ana kiran daya daga cikin nau'ikan da "pigweed" a Turanci, "hanekam" a cikin Afirkanci da kuma a kimiyyance, Amaranthus sp. Binciken da aka gudanar kan nau'ikan abinci guda uku da ake amfani da su a ko'ina ya gano cewa shan sa na iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da jijiyoyin jini da kuma [[Nau'in ciwon sukari na 2|ciwon suga na nau'in 2.]] Duk da haka, a wasu yanayi Morogo na iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar fungal, musamman fusariosis, musamman a tsakanin mutanen da ke fama da rashin lafiyar garkuwar jiki kamar waɗanda ke ɗauke da [[Kanjamau|cutar AIDS]] . Wani bincike ya gano yawan fungi na ''Alternaria'' a cikin tsarin ganyen ciki da fungi ''na Fusarium'' a saman ganye. Wani bincike daban ya tabbatar da cewa Morogo ba mazaunin Fusarium bane na halitta, amma yana iya kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar kusanci da amfanin gona na masara. == Manazarta == * {{Cite web |title=Astronomic gastronomic menu for big bash |url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?click_id=13&art_id=vn20040427040820498C627581&set_id=1 |access-date=6 August 2008 |publisher=Independent Online |ref=IOL}} * {{Cite web |title=How healthy is traditional morogo in Africa |url=http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2004/november/morogo.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925184343/http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2004/november/morogo.htm |archive-date=25 September 2008 |access-date=6 August 2008 |publisher=Science in Africa |ref=ScienceAfrica}} * {{Cite web |title=Linolenic acid and folate in wild-growing African dark leafy vegetables (morogo) |url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?aid=1888204 |access-date=6 August 2008 |publisher=Public Health Nutrition, Cambridge University Press |ref=Cambridge}} * {{Cite web |title=The occurrence of toxogenic moulds in traditional household Morogo of Giyana |url=http://www.puk.ac.za/biblioteek/proefskrifte/2007/jivan_sangitad.pdf |access-date=6 August 2008 |publisher=North-West University Library |ref=Potch1 }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}  * {{Cite web |title=The level of mycotic and mycotoxigenic Fusaria in traditional morogo and the agro-environment of Dikgale Demographic Surveillance Site |url=http://www.puk.ac.za/biblioteek/proefskrifte/2007/mokgakabe_ditselatselae.pdf |access-date=6 August 2008 |publisher=North-West University Library |ref=Potch2 }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}  * {{Cite web |title=Conservation and utilization of indigenous vegetables in Botswana |url=http://www.bioversityinternational.org/publications/Web_version/500/ch23.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503031048/http://www.bioversityinternational.org/publications/Web_version/500/ch23.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=3 May 2008 |access-date=6 August 2008 |publisher=Bioversity International |ref=Bioversity}} qv0r0bz6ikaxj0viudlo2aod7vbqxyb 0 149121 863579 836956 2026-06-21T23:40:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | image = Nnaniki Makwinja.png | office = [[Ministry of Environment and Tourism (Botswana)|Minister of Environment and Tourism]] | president = [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] | term_start = 9 September 2024 | term_end = 1 November 2024 | predecessor = [[Dumezweni Mthimkhulu]] | successor = [[Wynter Mmolotsi]] | office1 = Member of the<br>[[National Assembly of Botswana]]<br>for [[Lentsweletau]]-[[Mmopane]] | term_start1 = 23 October 2019 | term_end1 = 1 November 2024 | predecessor1 = [[Vincent Seretse]] | successor1 = [[Bogatsu Tshenolo]] | party = [[Botswana Democratic Party]] | alma_mater = [[University of Essex]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) }} '''Nnaniki Wilhemina Tebogo Makwinja''' 'yar siyasa ce ta Motswana wacce ta yi aiki a Majalisar Dokokin Botswana daga 2019 har zuwa 2024, tana wakiltar mazabar Lentsweletau-Mmopane a matsayin memba na Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Botswana . Ta yi aiki a takaice a matsayin Ministan Muhalli da Yawon Bude Ido daga Satumba har zuwa Nuwamba 2024. Makwinja ta halarci Jami'ar Essex a Ingila, ta kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko a fannin zamantakewa da Manufofin zamantakewa a shekarar 1986. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Makwinja |first=Nnaniki |date=2013 |title=Dear Class |url=https://www.academia.edu/33663186 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127124715/https://www.academia.edu/33663186 |archive-date=November 27, 2024 |access-date=May 19, 2023 |website=[[Academia.edu]]}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunta, ta fara aiki a fannin kula da albarkatun ɗan adam a Botswana. A shekara ta 1986, ta zama ma'aikaciyar ma'adinai a kamfanin Debswana Mining Company, daga ƙarshe ta zama manajan kamfanin don sadarwa na masana'antu da ci gaban ma'aikata. Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da kamfanoni da yawa a cikin 2000s, gami da matsayi a matsayin Shugaba albarkatun ɗan adam a asibiti, Makwinja ta zama mukaddashin Shugaba na Cibiyar Zuba Jari da Ciniki ta Botswana a cikin 2012. A cikin 2014, ta fara aiki a wani kamfani mai ba da shawara kan albarkatun ɗan adam da ake kira Leadex Consulting . <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2014 |title=Annual Report 2014: Our Present. Our Future. |url=https://www.gobotswana.com/sites/default/files/BITC%20AR%202014%20web.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Botswana Investment and Trade Centre |pages=18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519231725/https://www.gobotswana.com/sites/default/files/BITC%20AR%202014%20web.pdf |archive-date=2023-05-19 |access-date=2023-05-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-12-07 |title=BITC struggling to secure CEO |url=https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/bitc-struggling-to-secure-ceo |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=Botswana Guardian Sun |language=en}}</ref>  Wani memba na Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Botswana, Makwinja ya tsaya takarar Majalisar Dokokin Botswana a Zaben 2014, daya gudana a mazabar Gabane-Mmankgodi. Koyaya, an kayar da ita a zaben fidda gwani na jam'iyya. Ta sake tsayawa takarar majalisa a Zaben 2019, tana gudana a mazabar Lentsweletau-Mmopane . Kodayake ƙididdigar ƙuri'a ta farko a cikin fidda gwani ta nuna cewa ta rasa ga mai mulki [[Vincent Seretse]] da kuri'u 45 kawai, Makwinja ta yi kira ga sake ƙidaya, tana mai cewa akwai "rashin daidaito" tare da zaben. An sanar da ita ta lashe zaben fidda gwani bayan sake kiranta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Selatlhwa |first=Innocent |date=2018-09-10 |title=Makwinja Savours Sweet Victory |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/makwinja-savours-sweet-victory/news |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=[[Mmegi]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lentsweletau-Mmopane |url=https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php/2012-02-13-15-06-33/constituencies/16-constituencies/60-kweneng-east |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207184021/https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php/2012-02-13-15-06-33/constituencies/16-constituencies/60-kweneng-east |archive-date=December 7, 2021 |access-date=May 19, 2023 |website=[[Parliament of Botswana]]}}</ref> Makwinja ta lashe babban zaben, ta doke wasu 'yan takara uku da kuri'u 11,600; abokin hamayyarta mafi kusa, dan takarar Umbrella for Democratic Change, ya sami kuri'u 5,320. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin 'yan majalisa mata uku da aka zaba a zaben 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2020-08-27 |title=Botswana's Political Field is Bereft of Women – IEC |url=https://www.thegazette.news/news/botswanas-political-field-is-bereft-of-women-iec/ |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=[[The Botswana Gazette]] |language=en}}</ref> Bayan zaben ta, Shugaba Mokgweetsi Masisi ya nada Makwinja Mataimakin Ministan Ilimi na asali.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Magosi |first=Elias M. |date=2019 |title=Press Release: Cabinet Appointments |url=https://www.gov.bw/sites/default/files/2020-03/PRESS%20RELEASE%20-CABINET%20APPOINTMENTS.pdf |access-date=May 19, 2023 |website=[[Government of Botswana]]}}</ref> A cikin wannan rawar, tana kula da Tsarin ilimin firamare da sakandare na Botswana. Ta fuskanci kalubale da yawa a lokacin da take aiki, ciki har da barkewar "mass hysteria" a wata makaranta a Salaje a cikin 2019, karancin littattafai a cikin 2021, <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=January 22, 2020 |title=Botswana battles outbreak of rare mass hysteria disease |url=https://clubofmozambique.com/news/botswana-battles-outbreak-of-rare-mass-hysteria-disease-150722/ |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=Club of Mozambique |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241228010155/https://clubofmozambique.com/news/botswana-battles-outbreak-of-rare-mass-hysteria-disease-150722/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> da kuma sake fasalin tsarin karatun kasar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-02 |title=Curriculum reform is envisaged to be implemented in 2021 |url=https://theparrotonline.co.bw/2019/12/curriculum-reform-is-envisaged-to-be-implemented-in-2021/ |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=The Parrot News Online |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519231734/https://theparrotonline.co.bw/2019/12/curriculum-reform-is-envisaged-to-be-implemented-in-2021/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Makwinja kuma mai ba da shawara ce ga ƙididdigar ƙididdiga.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 30, 2023 |title=CSEdBotswana Lays Foundation for Botswana's Reset Agenda and Digitization Strategy |url=https://www.ub.bw/news/csedbotswana-lays-foundation-botswanas-reset-agenda-and-digitization-strategy |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=[[University of Botswana]]}}</ref> Yayinda take cikin majalisa, Makwinja ta kasance mai ba da shawara ga saka hannun jari na Asiya a cikin Botswana, tana tallafawa kafa gonakin da ke gudanar da kasar Sin da wuraren kulawa a cikin gundumar ta, <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 20, 2021 |title=Ambassador Wang Xuefeng Attends Warm Winter Charity Donation |url=http://bw.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/sgxw/202105/t20210520_9054509.htm |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of Botswana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-01 |title=Petani China dorong masyarakat Botswana tanam pokok kelor |trans-title=Chinese farmers encourage the people of Botswana to plant moringa trees |url=https://mediapermata.com.bn/petani-china-dorong-masyarakat-botswana-tanam-pokok-kelor/ |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=[[Media Permata]] |language=ms}}</ref> da kuma tallafawa haɗin gwiwar Japan a cikin Botswana Network on Ethics, Law and HIV / AIDS program. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 25, 2022 |title=Ambassador of Japan to Botswana Officially Hands Over Community Legal Service Centre to BONELA |url=https://www.botswana.emb-japan.go.jp/files/100348808.pdf |access-date=May 19, 2023 |website=Embassy of Japan in Botswana}}</ref> Har ila yau, ita ce fitacciyar mai goyon bayan kokarin yaki da tashin hankali a kan mata a Botswana, tana jayayya cewa ban da tasirin ɗabi'a, tashin hankali na jinsi yana haifar da asarar yawan aiki. A cikin 2022, ta kasance mai magana a wani taron da Asusun Jama'a na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Kudancin Afirka suka shirya kan inganta lafiyar jima'i da haihuwa da haƙƙoƙi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rabasimane |first=Priscilla |date=July 5, 2022 |title=Parliamentarians Reaffirm Commitment to Advancing SRHR for those furthest left behind {{!}} United Nations in Botswana |url=https://botswana.un.org/en/189008-parliamentarians-reaffirm-commitment-advancing-srhr-those-furthest-left-behind,%20https://botswana.un.org/en/189008-parliamentarians-reaffirm-commitment-advancing-srhr-those-furthest-left-behind |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=[[United Nations Population Fund]] |language=en}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026}}</ref> Makwinja na ɗaya daga cikin wakilan Botswana a cikin Ƙungiyar Majalisar Dokoki, tana aiki a Kwamitin Tambayoyin Gabas ta Tsakiya . <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2, 2023 |title=Celebrating 10 women MPs who are active on IPU committees |url=https://www.ipu.org/news/news-in-brief/2023-03/celebrating-10-women-mps-who-are-active-ipu-committees |access-date=May 19, 2023 |website=[[Inter-Parliamentary Union]]}}</ref> Makwinja ya sake tsayawa takara a Zaben 2024, amma Legojane Kebaitse ne ya ci shi a zaben fidda gwani a watan Agusta, wanda dan takarar Alliance for Progressives Bogatsu Revelation ya ci shi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Basimanebotlhe |first=Tsaone |date=2024-08-20 |title=Kweneng East Wants Kebaitse Suspended, Barred From Contesting |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/kweneng-east-wants-kebaitse-suspended-barred-from-contesting/news |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=[[Mmegi]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Masolotate |first=Bonang |date=December 4, 2024 |title=Education Key to Self-reliance |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/83516 |access-date=January 27, 2025 |website=[[Daily News Botswana]]}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga Satumba, 2024, Shugaba Mokgweetsi Masisi ya nada Makwinja a matsayin Ministan Muhalli da Yawon Bude Ido, kuma ta yi aiki a cikin rawar har zuwa karshen wa'adin majalisar dokoki a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba 2024 .<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-09-09 |title=Nnaniki Makwinja Sworn-in as Botswana's Environment & Tourism Minister |url=https://voyagesafriq.com/2024/09/09/nnaniki-makwinja-sworn-in-as-botswanas-environment-tourism-minister/ |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=Voyages Afriq |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-11-15 |title=President Duma Boko Appoints Boipuso Mmolotsi as Botswana's New Minister of Environment & Tourism |url=https://voyagesafriq.com/2024/11/15/president-duma-boko-appoints-boipuso-mmolotsi-as-botswanas-new-minister-of-environment-tourism/ |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=Voyages Afriq |language=en-US}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 5scftexhv0qrbrgi1ftyf1bo1lvv9fx 0 149261 863582 843423 2026-06-22T02:01:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863582 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Noah Abraham Sewonet Abatneh (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Satumba, 2004) ɗan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne na Kanada wanda ke buga wa Atletico Ottawa a Gasar Firimiya ta Kanada. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haife shi a Toronto, <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2, 2022 |title=Serie D Lamezia Terme, che colpi! In gialloblu gli under Kanoute e Abatneh |trans-title=Serie D Lamezia Terme, what a hit! Under yellow and blue Kanoute and Abatneh |url=https://vibosport.it/serie-d-lamezia-terme-che-colpi-in-gialloblu-gli-under-kanoute-e-abatneh/ |website=Vibo Sport |language=it}}</ref> Abatneh ya zauna a duka Philippines da Masar, kafin ya koma Kanada, ya koma Ottawa tun yana yaro. <ref name="kitch" /> Abatneh ya fara buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na matasa yana da shekaru biyar tare da Kwalejin Ottawa St. Anthony Futuro, kuma yana wasa tare da Kwalar Ottawa Royals Futuro . <ref name="kitch" /> A shekara ta 2014 yana da shekaru tara, ya tafi Ingila don horar da makarantar Arsenal da makarantar Fulham, yana karɓar tayin shiga Fulham, amma ya zaɓi ya kasance a Kanada.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 25, 2014 |title=Ottawa youth makes impression with Arsenal, Fulham soccer academies |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/ottawa-youth-makes-impression-with-arsenal-fulham-soccer-academies-1.2777442 |website=[[CBC Sports]]}}</ref> Ya sake komawa horo tare da kungiyoyin biyu a shekara mai zuwa.<ref name="kitch">{{Cite web |date=January 12, 2015 |title=Two young Westboro soccer players look ahead to a stellar year |url=https://kitchissippi.com/2015/01/12/westboro-soccer/ |website=Kitchissippi Times}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, ya koma Italiya kuma ya shiga Sashin Matasan AS Roma, bayan gwaji na watanni uku.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 11, 2016 |title=Noah Abatneh (2004) offered an official contract with AS Roma in the Italian Serie A |url=https://www.ottawastanthonyfuturo.com/achievements2016 |website=[[Ottawa St. Anthony Italia|Ottawa St. Anthony SC]] |access-date=May 5, 2026 |archive-date=March 6, 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260306143831/https://www.ottawastanthonyfuturo.com/achievements2016/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga nan sai ya shiga shirin matasa na ASD Savio . A watan Yunin 2020, ya shiga Tsarin matasa na Lazio.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 16, 2020 |title=Abatneh e Formisano approdano alla Lazio |trans-title=Abatneh and Formisano join Lazio |url=https://www.saviocalcio.it/abatneh-e-formisano-approdano-alla-lazio/ |website=ASD Savio |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Steven |date=June 17, 2020 |title=Official: Lazio Sign ASD Savio Calcio's Noah Abatneh |url=https://thelaziali.com/2020/06/17/lazio-noah-abatneh-sign-transfer-savio/ |website=The Laziali}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == A watan Satumbar 2022, Lazio ta ba da rancensa ga kungiyar Jerin D Lamezia Terme . <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 5, 2022 |title=Noah Abatneh è un nuovo calciatore dell'F.C. Lamezia Terme |trans-title=Noah Abatneh is a new footballer of FC Lamezia Terme |url=https://www.lameziaterme.it/noah-abatneh-nuovo-calciatore-fc-lamezia-terme/ |website=Lamezia Terme |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=September 1, 2022 |title=Noah Abatneh è un calciatore gialloblu |trans-title=Noah Abatneh is a yellow-blue footballer |url=https://www.fclameziaterme.it/noah-abatneh-e-un-calciatore-gialloblu/ |website=[[F.C. Lamezia Terme]] |language=it}}</ref> A ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2023, an ba da rancensa ga wani kulob din Serie D, Campodarsego .<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 31, 2023 |title=Noah Abatneh è un nuovo calciatore del Campodarsego Calcio |trans-title=Noah Abatneh is a new player of Campodarsego Calcio |url=https://www.campodarsegocalcio.it/2023/01/31/noah-abatneh-un-calciatore-del-campodarsego-calcio/ |website=[[A.C.D. Campodarsego]] |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Leo |first=Enrico |date=February 1, 2023 |title=Serie D, calciomercato: Campodarsego, per la fascia sinistra c'è Abatneh dalla Lazio |trans-title=Serie D, transfer market: Campodarsego, for the left wing there is Abatneh from Lazio |url=https://www.padovaoggi.it/sport/calcio/serie-d-calciomercato-campodarsego-abatneh-dalla-lazio-1-febbraio-2023.html |website=Padova Oggi |language=it}}</ref> A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2023, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda, tare da ƙarin zaɓin kulob din tare da kulob din Premier League na Kanada York United FC . <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 17, 2023 |title=York United FC announces signing of Canadian defender Noah Abatneh |url=https://yorkunitedfc.canpl.ca/article/york-united-fc-announces-signing-of-canadian-defender-noah-abatneh |website=[[York United FC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jacques |first=John |date=April 17, 2023 |title=York United Adds Canada U-20 Defender Noah Abatneh |url=https://northerntribune.ca/york-united-noah-abatneh/ |website=Northern Tribune}}</ref> Tare da York United, an canza shi zuwa tsakiya bayan ya buga wasa a tsakiya da kuma dama a baya a cikin aikinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Healey |first=Joshua |date=August 16, 2024 |title=Why Noah Abatneh of York United could be next CanPL star to earn CanMNT considerations |url=https://onesoccer.ca/a/healey-why-noah-abatneh-of-york-united-could-be-next-canadian-premier-league-star-to-earn-can-mnt-considerations |website=[[OneSoccer]]}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Mayu, ya fara bugawa kulob din wasa da HFX Wanderers . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 25, 2022 |title=NASH: Time to replicate superb Halifax performance back at home this weekend |url=https://yorkunitedfc.canpl.ca/article/nash-time-to-replicate-superb-halifax-performance-back-at-home-this-weekend |website=[[York United FC]]}}</ref> Ya fara farawa a ranar 24 ga Yuni, a kan Cavalry FC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Asante |first=Ridwan Ibrahim |date=June 26, 2023 |title=Analysis: Noah's Arc: Impressive Abatneh delivers big on first Nine Stripes start |url=https://yorkunitedfc.canpl.ca/article/analysis-noahs-arc-impressive-abatneh-delivers-big-on-first-nine-stripes-start |website=[[York United FC]]}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Mayu, 2024, ya zira kwallaye na farko a nasarar 3-1 a kan Valour FC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tierney |first=Mitchell |date=May 10, 2024 |title=Match Analysis: York United complete comeback against Valour to secure victory in the CPL's 500th match |url=https://canpl.ca/article/match-analysis-york-united-valour-fc-cpl-500 |website=[[Canadian Premier League]]}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar 2024, an zabi shi don Kyautar 'yan wasan Kanada mafi kyau na kasa da shekara 21.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 29, 2024 |title=Noah Abatneh nominated for CPL's Best Canadian Under-21 Player |url=https://yorkunitedfc.canpl.ca/article/canada-soccer-best-young-player-noah-abatneh-york-united-canadian-premier-league |website=[[York United FC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=October 29, 2024 |title=Abatneh, Gazdov, Poku nominated for Canadian Premier League's Best Canadian Under-21 Player Award |url=https://canpl.ca/article/abatneh-gazdov-poku-nominated-for-canadian-premier-leagues-best-canadian-under-21-player-award |website=[[Canadian Premier League]]}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haifi Abatneh a Kanada ga mahaifin Habasha da mahaifiyar Kanada. A watan Janairun 2021, an kira shi zuwa Kanada U20 don sansani.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meuti |first=Federico |date=December 16, 2021 |title=Lazio, dal Canada arriva la chiamata. Un'aquila convocata dalla nazionale biancorossa |trans-title=Lazio, the call comes from Canada. An eagle called up by the red and white national team |url=https://www.gazzettaregionale.it/nazionali/2021/12/16/news/lazio-dal-canada-arriva-la-chiamata-un-aquila-convocata-dalla-nazionale-biancorossa-125300/ |website=Gazzetta Regionale |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Zampilli |first=Valentina |date=December 16, 2021 |title=Nazionale – La chiamata arriva d'oltreoceano, Abatneh vola in America |trans-title=National – The call comes from overseas, Abatneh flies to America |url=https://piccoleaquile1900.altervista.org/nazionale-la-chiamata-arriva-doltreoceano-abatneh-vola-in-america/ |website=Picco Aquile |language=it}}</ref> An sake kiransa a watan Maris na shekara ta 2022 don wasannin sada zumunci biyu da Costa Rica U20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 22, 2022 |title=Under 18: Abatneh convocato in Nazionale |trans-title=Under 18: Abatneh called up to the national team |url=https://www.sslazio.it/it/giovanili/news/66808-under-18-abatneh-convocato-in-nazionale |website=[[S.S. Lazio]] |language=it |access-date=May 5, 2026 |archive-date=April 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417223814/https://www.sslazio.it/it/giovanili/news/66808-under-18-abatneh-convocato-in-nazionale |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Zampilli |first=Valentina |date=March 9, 2022 |title=Nazionale – Abatneh vola in America, il Canada chiama la giovane aquila! |trans-title=National – Abatneh flies to America, Canada calls the young eagle! |url=https://piccoleaquile1900.altervista.org/nazionale-abatneh-vola-in-america-il-canada-chiama-la-giovane-aquila/?doing_wp_cron=1681768795.2375938892364501953125 |website=Picco Aquile |language=it}}</ref> Bayan haka, an kira shi zuwa tawagar gasar cin kofin CONCACAF U-20 ta 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fefè |first=Tommaso |title=Lazio, un giovane aquilotto protagonista dell'U20 del Canadadi |trans-title=Lazio, a young eagle protagonist of Canada's U20 |url=https://www.sololalazio.it/2022/06/17/lazio-un-giovane-aquilotto-protagonista-dellu20-del-canada/ |website=Solo Lalazio |language=it |access-date=2026-05-05 |archive-date=2024-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225103806/https://www.sololalazio.it/2022/06/17/lazio-un-giovane-aquilotto-protagonista-dellu20-del-canada/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Janairun 2026, an sanya masa suna zuwa Babban ƙungiyar Kanada a karo na farko, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tierney |first=Mitchell |date=January 6, 2026 |title='Dream come true': Abatneh, Coimbra on first CanMNT callups |url=https://www.canpl.ca/news/dream-come-true-abatneh-coimbra-on-first-canmnt-callups |website=[[Canadian Premier League]]}}</ref> don sansanin horo da abokantaka da Guatemala. <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 6, 2026 |title=Atlético Ottawa defender Noah Abatneh called up to CANMNT squad |url=https://www.canpl.ca/atleticoottawa/news/atletico-ottawa-defender-noah-abatneh-called-up-to-canmnt-squad |website=[[Atlético Ottawa]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Healey |first=Josh |date=January 6, 2025 |title=CanMNT announces January squad, including Coimbra, Abatneh and Jimoh |url=https://www.hfxfootballpost.ca/canmnt-announces-january-squad-including-coimbra-abatneh-and-jimoh/ |website=HFX Football Post}}</ref> Ya bayyana a wasan da ya yi da Guatamala, duk da haka, kamar yadda aka sanya shi a matsayin abokantaka na matakin B, bai ƙidaya a matsayin babban jami'in ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 19, 2026 |title=Jimoh, Coimbra, Abatneh make CanMNT impact in friendly vs. Guatemala |url=https://www.canpl.ca/news/jimoh-coimbra-abatneh-make-canmnt-impact-in-friendly-vs-guatemala |website=[[Canadian Premier League]]}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Wasanni ! colspan="2" |Kofin Cikin Gida ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- |Lazio |2022–23 |Jerin A |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |Lamezia Terme (an ba da rancen) | rowspan="2" |2022–23 |Jerin D |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |1 [ƙasa-alpha 1] |0 |5 |0 |- |Campodarsego (rashin kuɗi) |Jerin D |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |4 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |York United |2023 | rowspan="2" |Gasar Firimiya ta Kanada |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |12 |0 |- |2024 |22 |1 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - |23 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !34 !1 !0 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !35 !1 |- |Atletico Ottawa |2025 |Gasar Firimiya ta Kanada |23 |1 |2 |0 |4 |0 | colspan="2" | - |29 |1 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !65 !2 !2 !0 !5 !0 !1 !0 !73 !2 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2004]] edmhqjlqnih5v9e4lsl0y3wfc9xxd3d 0 149289 863588 830249 2026-06-22T03:01:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Octavi Aballí Aballí''' (1883 - 20 Maris 1948) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Spain wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|dan wasan tsakiya]] na RCD Espanyol . Bayan aikinsa a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, ya yi aiki a matsayin likita.<ref name="quito">{{Cite web |title=Octavi Aballí Aballí |url=http://periquito.cat/html/zaballi.html |access-date=1 March 2024 |website=periquito.cat |language=ca}}</ref> == Ayyukan wasa == === RCD Mutanen Espanya === An haife shi a Matanzas, [[Cuba]], iyalinsa sun koma [[Barcelona]] don ya ci gaba da karatunsa. A farkon karni, Aballí ya fara yin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, wasan da ba a sani ba a lokacin, a Velódromo de la Bonanova tare da wasu abokai da sauran ɗaliban jami'a. A ƙarshen 1900, Aballí mai shekaru 17, tare da abokan aji biyu daga jami'ar, Ángel Rodríguez da Luis Roca, sun kirkiro Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa da aka kafa a hukumance a ranar 28 ga Oktoba 1900 a matsayin Sociedad Española de Fútbol, wanda yanzu aka sani da RCD Espanyol . <ref name="quito"/><ref name="hallo">{{Cite web |date=30 December 2016 |title=1900 – 1909 |url=https://hallofameperico.com/2016/12/30/1900-1909/ |access-date=1 March 2024 |website=hallofameperico.com |language=es}}</ref> Daga baya aka zabi kwamitin daraktocin kulob din kuma aka nada Aballí a matsayin mai ba da kuɗi, matsayin da ya rike na kakar wasa daya kawai (1900-01). <ref name="quito" /> Tare da Ángel Ponz, Luciano Lizárraga, Telesforo Álvarez, da Rodríguez, ya wakilci Espanyol a kulob din Mutanen Espanya na farko da ya lashe lambar yabo ta hukuma, 1900-01 Copa Macaya, wanda shine gasar kwallon kafa ta farko da aka buga a Yankin Iberian . <ref name="Macaya">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2014 |title=Primera edición de la Copa Macaya Enero-Abril 1901 |trans-title=First edition of the Macaya Cup January–April 1901 |url=http://www.cihefe.es/cuadernosdefutbol/2014/06/primera-edicion-de-la-copa-macaya-enero-abril-1901/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618200211/https://www.cihefe.es/cuadernosdefutbol/2014/06/primera-edicion-de-la-copa-macaya-enero-abril-1901/ |archive-date=18 June 2022 |access-date=1 March 2024 |publisher=[[:es:Centro de Investigaciones de Historia y Estadística del Fútbol Español|CIHEFE]] |language=es}}</ref> Koyaya, ya buga wasa daya ne kawai, a ranar 27 ga Janairun 1901 a kan FC Barcelona, wanda ya ƙare a cikin asarar 1-4.<ref name="quito"/><ref name="Macaya" /> === Ayyukan kasa da kasa === A ranar 15 ga Satumba 1902, Aballí ya sauka a tarihi a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa 22 da suka taka leda a wasan farko na Barcelona City Team, wanda ya fara ne a wasan 3-3 tare da tawagar daga Tiana a filin su, a lokacin bukukuwan wannan garin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 April 2016 |title=La selección de Barcelona y el primer intento de un campeonato de España de regiones |trans-title=The Barcelona team and the first attempt at a regional Spanish championship |url=https://www.cuadernosdefutbol.com/2016/05/la-seleccion-de-barcelona-y-el-primer-intento-de-un-campeonato-de-espana-de-regiones/ |access-date=29 February 2024 |publisher=[[:es:Centro de Investigaciones de Historia y Estadística del Fútbol Español|CIHEFE]] |language=es |archive-date=23 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250523020339/https://www.cuadernosdefutbol.com/2016/05/la-seleccion-de-barcelona-y-el-primer-intento-de-un-campeonato-de-espana-de-regiones/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1883]] 6pcja0tpxfndpiujwr4or88un5z6y1y 0 149398 863789 837108 2026-06-22T10:53:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863789 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Peter Sylvester Bosz''' ( ; an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba 1963) ƙwararren manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland kuma tsohon [[Ɗan ƙwallo|ɗan wasa]] . A halin yanzu shi ne babban kocin ƙungiyar [[PSV Eindhoven]] ta ƙasar Holland. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamai na koci a ƙungiyoyi da dama, ciki har da Ajax inda ya kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar UEFA Europa League a 2017, Borussia Dortmund, Bayer Leverkusen da Lyon, kafin a naɗa shi kocin PSV a watan Yunin 2023, inda ya lashe gasar Netherlands Eredivisie a 2024, 2025 da 2026. == Sana'ar wasa == [[Fayil:Selectie_Nederlands_elftal_in_Zeist_16a,_17a_Peter_Bosz,_Bestanddeelnr_934-2144.jpg|left|thumb|Bosz a shekarar 1988]] === Kulob === A matsayinsa na ɗan wasan tsakiya, Bosz ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru da Vitesse a shekarar 1981. Bayan kakar wasa ta aro tare da AGOVV a wancan lokacin a shekarar 1984, ya koma ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru tare da RKC Waalwijk (daga 1985 zuwa 1988), sannan ya koma Faransa tare da Toulon (1988 zuwa 1991), kuma ya buga wasanni shida a jere tare da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Holland Feyenoord (1991 zuwa 1996), ƙungiyar JEF United Ichihara ta Japan (1996–97), ƙungiyar Jamus Hansa Rostock <ref>[https://www.trouw.nl/tr/nl/5009/Archief/article/detail/2649283/1997/12/31/Peter-Bosz-verruilt-Japanse-voetbalclub-voor-Hansa-Rostock.dhtml Peter Bosz verruilt Japanse voetbalclub voor Hansa Rostock] – Trouw {{In lang|nl}}</ref> (1997–98), NAC Breda <ref>[https://www.vi.nl/nieuws/nac-versterkt-zich-met-peter-bosz.htm NAC versterkt zich met Peter Bosz] – Voetbal International {{In lang|nl}}</ref> (1998–99). Ya yi ritaya a ƙarshen 1999 bayan ya sake yin wasa a karo na biyu <ref>[https://www.vi.nl/nieuws/bosz-terug-naar-jef-united.htm Bosz terug naar JEF United] – Voetbal International {{In lang|nl}}</ref> tare da JEF United Ichihara. === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === Bosz ya fara bugawa Netherlands wasa a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar Euro a watan Disamba na 1991 da Girka kuma ya samu wasanni takwas, bai zura kwallo ko daya ba. Wasansa na karshe na kasa da kasa ya kasance a shekarar 1995 da Jamhuriyar Czech . Yana cikin tawagar Holland a gasar UEFA Euro 1992 . == Aikin gudanarwa == === Farkon aikina === Bayan ya yi ritaya, Bosz ya fara aiki a fannin gudanarwa, inda ya fara zama babban kocin 'yan wasan AGOVV, mukamin da ya riƙe daga Janairu 2000 zuwa 2002. A shekarar 2002, ya kuma lashe gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa. Bosz ya koma ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙwararru a 2002, inda ya zama babban kocin De Graafschap (2002–2003). Ƙungiyar ta kare a ƙarshe a 2002–03 Eredivisie kuma aka mayar da ita ga Eerste Divisie . Bosz ya zama manajan Heracles Almelo (2004–2006). Ya lashe gasar Eerste Divisie ta 2004–05 tare da ƙungiyar kuma ya sami ci gaba zuwa Eredivisie. Bosz' Heracles sun tabbatar da nasararsu ta Eredivisie a shekara mai zuwa, inda suka kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar Eredivisie ta 2005–06 . A watan Yulin 2006, Bosz ya amince da tayin zama darektan fasaha a tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa ta Feyenoord . A lokacin da yake ƙungiyar, shi ne ya ɗauki nauyin kammala siyan (daga cikinsu) Giovanni van Bronckhorst, Roy Makaay, Tim de Cler, Kevin Hofland da Denny Landzaat . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2007 |title=Manager Bosz 'blij dat nieuw Feyenoord vorm krijgt' / Ook Makaay en Hofland bij nieuwkomers in Kuip |url=http://www.trouw.nl/tr/nl/4324/Nieuws/article/detail/1319457/2007/06/29/Manager-Bosz-rsquo-blij-dat-nieuw-Feyenoord-vorm-krijgt-rsquo-Ook-Makaay-en-Hofland-bij-nieuwkomers-in-Kuip.dhtml |website=Trouw |language=nl}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2007 |title=Van papier naar werkelijkheid |url=http://www.ad.nl/ad/nl/1001/Sport/article/detail/2241312/2007/09/03/Van-papier-naar-werkelijkheid.dhtml |website=Algemeen Dagblad |language=nl}}</ref> Ya bar matsayin a ranar 14 ga Janairun 2009, saboda adawarsa da korar babban kocin Gertjan Verbeek . A lokacin bazara na 2010, Bosz ya fara aikinsa na biyu a matsayin manajan Heracles Almelo, inda ya maye gurbin Verbeek wanda ya koma AZ Alkmaar a halin yanzu. Ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na 8 a gasar 2010-11 Eredivisie, inda ta sami cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Turai, inda Groningen ta kawar da su. Heracles ya kare a matsayi na 12 a gasar Eredivisie ta 2011–12 da kuma gasar Eredivisie ta 2012–13 . Ya bar kulob din a shekarar 2013. [[Fayil:Peter_Bosz.png|thumb|Bosz yana horar da Vitesse a shekarar 2013]] A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2013, an naɗa Bosz a matsayin manajan tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa ta Vitesse bisa kwantiragin shekaru biyu. Bosz ya maye gurbin manajan da ya bar aiki Fred Rutten wanda kwantiraginsa ya ƙare. A watan Nuwamba 2013, Vitesse ta kasance a saman teburin gasar Eredivisie a karon farko tun 2006. Wannan shine karo na farko tun 2000 da suka kasance a saman teburin bayan mako na farko. A tsakiyar kakar wasa, bayan wasanni 17, Vitesse ita ce jagora a gasar. Ƙungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta 2013–14 a matsayi na shida. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, Vitesse ta kare a matsayi na biyar, inda ta cancanci shiga gasar cin kofin Turai. Haka kuma, an zaɓi Bosz don kyautar Rinus Michels (na manajan shekara), amma ta sha kashi a hannun Phillip Cocu, wanda ya jagoranci [[PSV Eindhoven]] zuwa gasar Eredivisie. A kakar wasa ta 2015–16, Vitesse ta kasance a matsayi na biyar a hutun hunturu, bayan haka Bosz ya bar ƙungiyar. <ref name="Tel">{{Cite web |date=4 January 2016 |title=Vitesse coach Peter Bosz heads for Tel Aviv |url=http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2016/01/vitesse-coach-peter-bosz-heads-for-tel-aviv/}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2016, an sanar da Bosz a matsayin sabon kocin zakarun Isra'ila Maccabi Tel Aviv . <ref name="Tel" /> Bosz ya bar Tel Aviv a watan Mayun 2016 zuwa kungiyar Ajax ta Holland. <ref name="ESPN">{{Cite web |date=24 May 2016 |title=Ajax hire Peter Bosz to replace the departing Frank de Boer |url=https://www.espnfc.us/dutch-eredivisie/story/2879976/ajax-hire-peter-bosz-to-replace-the-departing-frank-de-boer |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> A lokacin da yake aiki a Isra'ila, Bosz bai sha kashi ba a wasanni 19, inda ya ci nasara sau goma sha biyu da canjaras bakwai. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Duk da haka, Tel Aviv ta rasa kambun gasar a hannun Hapoel Be'er Sheva kuma ta sha kashi a wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin Isra'ila a hannun Maccabi Haifa . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="This claim cites another Wikipedia article. Articles need references to reliable third-party sources. (November 2017)">ma'anar zagaye</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> === Manyan ƙungiyoyi === A watan Mayun 2016, Ajax ta sanar da cewa Bosz ne sabon kocin kungiyar daga watan Yulin 2016, bayan ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru uku. <ref name="ESPN"/> A wasansa na farko a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai, kungiyar Bosz ta samu kunnen doki 1-1 da PAOK a zagaye na uku na gasar zakarun Turai a ranar 27 ga Yulin 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2016 |title=Ajax 1–1 PAOK |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/match/2020347--ajax-vs-paok/ |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> Bosz bai iya jagorantar Ajax zuwa matakin rukuni na gasar zakarun Turai ba, bayan da ya sha kashi a hannun kungiyar Rostov da ci 5-2 a jimilla. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2016 |title=Four-time European champions Ajax missed out on a place in the Champions League group stage after losing 4–1 to Rostov |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/37158819 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Satumban 2016, Bosz ya fafata da tsohuwar kungiyarsa Vitesse, yayin da Ajax ta yi nasara da ci 1-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 September 2016 |title=Ajax 1 – 0 Vitesse: Första hemmasegern |url=http://www.svenskafans.com/europa/ajax-1-0-vitesse-forsta-hemmasegern-558340.aspx}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Mayun 2017, an doke Ajax da ci 2-0 a Friends Arena, [[Stockholm]] a wasan karshe na gasar Europa League da [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] ta doke ta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 May 2017 |title=Manchester United's Paul Pogba sets up Europa League final win over Ajax |url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/may/24/manchester-united-ajax-europa-league-final-match-report |website=The Guardian}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Yunin 2017, an sanar da cewa Bosz zai koma kulob din Jamus na Borussia Dortmund . Tunda babu wani sharadin siyan dan wasa a kwantiraginsa da kulob dinsa na baya, Ajax ta samu kusan €5. miliyan don biyan diyya don siyan kwangilarsa. Wannan shine siyan babban koci ga wata ƙungiyar Jamus, wanda ya karya tarihin da ya gabata na €4. miliyan. [1] [2] Bayan rashin nasara a matakin rukuni na gasar zakarun Turai, Dortmund ta fada cikin gasar Europa League . A ranar 10 ga Disamba 2017, an kori Bosz aka maye gurbinsa da Peter Stöger . [3] A ranar 23 ga Disamba 2018, an naɗa shi sabon kocin Bayer Leverkusen . <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2018 |title=Peter Bosz übernimmt Trainer-Amt von Heiko Herrlich |url=https://www.bayer04.de/de-de/news/bayer04/peter-bosz-uebernimmt-trainer-amt-von-heiko-herrlich/ |access-date=23 December 2018 |website=bayer04.de |publisher=[[Bayer 04 Leverkusen]] |language=de}}</ref> Bayan naɗinsa, yanayin Leverkusen ya inganta sosai wanda ya sa Leverkusen ta sami damar shiga [[UEFA Champions League|gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] a wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=How Peter Bosz took Bayer Leverkusen back to the Champions League |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/how-peter-bosz-took-bayer-leverkusen-back-to-the-champions-league-4633 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website}}</ref> An kori Bosz a watan Maris na 2021, bayan da ƙungiyar ta faɗi zuwa matsayi na shida da maki bakwai don jagorantar [[UEFA Champions League|gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 March 2021 |title=Wolf übernimmt für Bosz – Hermann kehrt zurück |url=https://www.bayer04.de/de-de/news/bayer04/wolf-uebernimmt-fuer-bosz-hermann-kehrt-zurueck |access-date=23 March 2021 |publisher=bayer04.de}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2021, an naɗa Bosz a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar Lyon ta Faransa kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu, inda ya maye gurbin Rudi Garcia . A ranar 9 ga Oktoba 2022, an kori Bosz wasanni goma a kakar wasa ta bana, inda Lyon ke matsayi na tara a gasar Ligue 1. [[Laurent Blanc]] ya maye gurbinsa. === PSV === A ranar 23 ga Yuni 2023, an naɗa Bosz a matsayin sabon manajan [[PSV Eindhoven]] . Ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 June 2023 |title=Dutch club PSV Eindhoven hires Peter Bosz as coach to replace Van Nistelrooy |url=https://apnews.com/article/bosz-psv-eindhoven-42a088f893d5aebc60499d86cf475e13 |access-date=26 May 2025 |website=Associated Press}}</ref> Bosz ya sami nasarar lashe gasar Eredivisie ta farko tare da ƙungiyar a ranar 5 ga Mayu 2024, wanda hakan ya kawo ƙarshen fari na shekaru shida na PSV. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 May 2024 |title=PSV Eindhoven crowned Dutch champions |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240505-psv-eindhoven-crowned-dutch-champions |access-date=26 May 2025 |website=France 24}}</ref> A ranar 18 ga Mayu 2025, PSV ta tabbatar da lashe gasar Eredivisie ta biyu a ƙarƙashin Bosz bayan ta doke Sparta Rotterdam da ci 3-1 a wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa. Duk da cewa ƙungiyar ta fara da maki 9 a bayan Ajax da sauran wasanni biyar, sun sami nasarar rage jagorancin kuma daga ƙarshe sun ci gaba bayan da Ajax ta yi wasanni huɗu ba tare da nasara ba tare da yin canjaras biyu da rashin nasara biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2025 |title=Ajax woe as PSV Eindhoven crowned Dutch champions |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20250518-ajax-woe-as-psv-eindhoven-crowned-dutch-champions |access-date=26 May 2025 |website=France 24}}</ref> Da wannan, Bosz ya zama koci mafi tsufa da ya lashe gasar yana da shekaru 61, haka kuma shi ne koci na uku da ya lashe gasar a jere a cikin shekaru biyu na farko da ya yi tare da ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2025 |title=PSV Crowned Dutch Champions for the 26th Time |url=https://eredivisie.eu/news/psv-crowned-dutch-champions-for-the-26th-time/ |access-date=26 May 2025 |website=Eredivisie}}</ref> == Salon koyarwa == Bosz yana fifita salon wasan kai hari, bisa ga mallakar ƙwallo da kuma matsa lamba mai ƙarfi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2019 |title=Leverkusen Tactics: Bosz's Offensive Style - Powered By Tifo Football |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xXhFdftuoFw |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111165259/https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=xXhFdftuoFw |archive-date=2023-11-11 |via=www.youtube.com |access-date=2026-05-06 }}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, ra'ayoyin dabarun Bosz suna da tasiri sosai daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta Johan Cruyff . <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 May 2017 |title=Ajax return to the Cruyff ideals as Peter Bosz leads new generation |url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2017/may/10/ajax-johan-cruyff-peter-bosz-europa-league-lyon |website=The Guardian}}</ref> Sakamakon wannan salon kai hari, Bosz ya sauya matsayin 'yan wasansa da yawa. Bosz ya sami yabo saboda sauya Lasse Schone na Ajax, wanda ya buga wa Frank de Boer wasa a gefen fili zuwa matsayin tsakiya mai riƙe da 'yan wasa, ta amfani da dabarar Schone don haɓaka wasan Ajax. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 March 2017 |title=Schöne will play a big part in Ajax' future success |url=https://www.ajaxdaily.com/2017/schone-will-play-a-big-part-in-ajax-future-success/ |website=Ajax Daily}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, [[Julian Brandt]], an sauya shi daga matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na hagu a ƙarƙashin Heiko Herrlich zuwa matsayin tsakiya na kai hari ta tsakiya ta hannun Bosz, wanda ya haifar da babban canji a cikin tsari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=How Kai Havertz and Julian Brandt are central to the Bayer Leverkusen revolution under Peter Bosz |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/kai-havertz-julian-brandt-central-to-bayer-leverkusen-revolution-under-peter-bosz-3433-2534 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 June 2019 |title=Left Back Football |url=https://www.leftbackfootball.com/home/2019/6/17/peter-bosz-rediscovery-at-bayer-leverkusen |website=Left Back Football}}</ref> Yayin da yake Lyon, ya yi amfani da ɗan wasan tsakiya Thiago Mendes a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Duk da haka, salon Bosz yana da masu sukarsa. Rashin nasararsa a Dortmund an danganta shi da wani ɓangare na tsarin kai hari mai kyau, wanda ya bar Dortmund cikin haɗarin fuskantar harin ramuwar gayya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Where did it go wrong for Peter Bosz at Borussia Dortmund? |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/news/Bundesliga/borussia-dortmund-and-peter-bosz-what-went-wrong-466231.jsp |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |access-date=2026-05-06 |archive-date=2023-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231124245/https://www.bundesliga.com/en/news/Bundesliga/borussia-dortmund-and-peter-bosz-what-went-wrong-466231.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2019 |title=Bundesliga: Peter Bosz Refuses To Be Blown Off Course After Bayer Leverkusen Lose To Borussia Mönchengladbach |url=https://www.thesportsman.com/articles/bundesliga-peter-bosz-refuses-to-be-blown-off-course-after-bayer-leverkusen-lose-to-borussia-m-nchengladbach |website=The Sportsman}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallaye a raga ta kulob, kakar wasa da kuma gasa ! rowspan="2" | Kulob ! rowspan="2" | Kakar wasa ! colspan="3" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Kofin Sarki ! colspan="2" | Kofin J.League ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! Sashe ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | 1996 | rowspan="3" | JEF United Ichihara | rowspan="3" | J1 League | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |- | 1997 | 27 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 37 | 3 |- | 1999 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 |- ! colspan="3" | Jimilla ! 47 ! 3 ! 3 ! 0 ! 8 ! 0 ! 58 ! 3 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0g2xxuuf94igtbh9bgorlg26rjtaf6j 0 149497 863592 830924 2026-06-22T03:47:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Olajuwon Bamidele Adeyemo''' Listenⓘ (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1995) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. An haife shi a Najeriya, <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=24 September 2021 |title=Ola Adeyemo keen to grasp chance given to him by Cove Rangers |url=https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/sport/football/cove-rangers/3487874/ola-adeyemo-keen-to-grasp-chance-given-to-him-by-cove-rangers/}}</ref> Adeyemo ya koma [[Landan]], Ingila a matsayin jariri sannan zuwa [[Dublin]], Ireland yana da shekaru biyu. Daga baya ya ci gaba da buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na matasa tare da Stella Maris da St Patrick's Athletic, kuma ya kasance wani ɓangare na shirin ci gaban matasa na Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Ireland. <ref name="Wilson" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ola Adeyemo |url=http://extratime.ie/player/11115184/ola_adeyemo/ |access-date=15 October 2014 |website=extratime.ie}}</ref> == Ayyukan wasa == === Kungiyar === Adeyemo ya shiga UCD daga St Patrick's Athletic, inda ya ci gaba da yin babban bayyanarsa ta farko. Ya shiga kulob din Dundee United na Scotland a watan Yunin 2014 bayan ya yi gwaji tare da Leyton Orient . Bayan ya fara bugawa Dundee United wasa a matsayin mai maye gurbinsa a [[Premier League|Gasar Firimiya]] a Kilmarnock a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2014, Adeyemo ya sanya hannu kan karin kwangila a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2014 don ci gaba da kasancewa a kulob din har tsawon watanni goma sha takwas. A watan Fabrairun 2015, ya shiga East Fife a cikin Scottish League Two a kan rancen ci gaba don sauran kakar 2014-15. <ref name="Fife" /> Adeyemo ya bar Dundee United a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2015 bayan an soke kwangilarsa ta hanyar yarjejeniyar juna, bayan ya yi wasanni biyu kawai don tawagar farko. Adeyemo ya sanya hannu a kulob din Watford na Premier League a ranar 30 ga Maris 2016 har zuwa 2017 bayan nasarar da ya samu tare da 'yan kasa da shekara 21 na kulob din. Watford ta sake shi a ƙarshen kakar 2016-17 kuma a watan Yulin 2017 ya sanya hannu ga Norwegian 3. bangaren Rarraba Valdres FK . Bayan ya bar Valdres bayan kakar 2017, Adeyemo ya yi gwaji tare da kungiyar Falkirk ta Scottish Championship a watan Nuwamba 2018. Ya sanya hannu a kungiyar Walton Casuals ta Kudu a watan Janairun 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2018/19 Statistics |url=https://www.waltoncasuals.co.uk/2018-19-statistics/ |access-date=19 January 2020 |website=Walton Casuals FC |language=en-GB |archive-date=9 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509095930/https://www.waltoncasuals.co.uk/2018-19-statistics/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Adeyemo ya koma kungiyar Lewes ta Isthmian League Premier a watan Fabrairun 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lewes {{!}} Appearances {{!}} Olajuwon Adeyemo {{!}} 2018–2019 {{!}} Football Web Pages |url=https://www.footballwebpages.co.uk/lewes/appearances/2018-2019/olajuwon-adeyemo/686010 |access-date=19 January 2020 |website=www.footballwebpages.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lewes {{!}} Appearances {{!}} Olajuwon Adeyemo {{!}} Football Web Pages |url=https://www.footballwebpages.co.uk/lewes/appearances/olajuwon-adeyemo/686010 |access-date=19 January 2020 |website=www.footballwebpages.co.uk}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga watan Yulin 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa Adeyemo ya koma Ireland, ya sanya hannu a kungiyar Wexford ta League of Ireland First Division.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ola Adeyemo signs for Wexford FC |url=http://wexfordfc.ie/latest-news/961-ola-adeyemo-signs-for-wexford-fc |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814052154/https://wexfordfc.ie/latest-news/961-ola-adeyemo-signs-for-wexford-fc |archive-date=14 August 2020 |access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref> Adeyemo ya sanya hannu a kungiyar Cove Rangers ta Scottish League One a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 September 2021 |title=Adeyemo joins Cove |url=https://coverangersfc.com/2021/09/09/adeyemo-joins-cove/}}</ref> An bar shi ya tafi a ƙarshen kakar 2021-22 kuma daga baya ya sanya hannu ga Peterhead. Ya zira kwallaye daya a wasanni hudu a kulob din kafin a sake shi a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kelty Hearts v Peterhead match preview |url=https://www.peterheadfc.org/2022/12/02/kelty-hearts-v-peterhead-match-preview/}}</ref> An sanar da Adeyemo a matsayin dan wasan Newry City AFC a watan Janairun 2023. Ya fara bugawa a matsayin mai maye gurbin, ya zo a wasan da ba a ci kwallo ba a gida ga Larne. A ranar 23 ga watan Yulin 2023, an ba da sanarwar cewa Adeyemo ya sanya hannu a kulob din League of Ireland First Division Longford Town, inda zai yi wasa tare da ɗan'uwansa Jordan a karon farko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ola Adeyemo Signs! |url=https://ltfc.ie/2023/07/ola-adeyemo-signs/}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa a wannan rana, ya fito daga benci a cikin asarar 2-1 a gida ga St Patrick's Athletic a zagaye na farko na Kofin FAI na 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Buttner |first=Paul |date=23 July 2023 |title=St Pat's overcome nine-man Longford |url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/soccer/2023/0723/1396062-st-pats-overcome-nine-man-longford/ |website=[[RTÉ.ie]]}}</ref> An saki Adeyemo a ƙarshen kakar. === Kasashen Duniya === Adeyemo, wanda kuma ya cancanci wakiltar Ingila ko Jamhuriyar Ireland, ya sami kira zuwa sansanin horar da 'yan kasa da shekaru 23 na Najeriya a watan Janairun 2015. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1995]] 7n8u61hze8x7d1n0h9u2fytuho7uojc 0 150615 863557 836950 2026-06-21T22:58:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Niklas Kristian Moisander''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Satumba, 1985) tsohon ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan ƙasar Finland wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan [[Mai buga baya|baya na tsakiya]] . An haifi Moisander a [[Turku]], inda ya buga wa ƙungiyar matasa ta TPS ta gida kafin ya koma Ajax . Bai buga wasa a babbar ƙungiyar Ajax ba tsakanin 2003 da 2006 sannan ya koma [[PEC Zwolle|Zwolle]] . Bayan shekaru biyu a Eerste Divisie, ya sanya hannu da AZ Alkmaar na Eredivisie inda ya shafe shekaru biyar. Ya koma Ajax a 2012 kuma ya buga wa ƙungiyar har zuwa 2015. Bayan zaman kakar wasa ɗaya a Sampdoria, ya shafe shekaru biyar a ƙungiyar Bundesliga ta Werder Bremen . Ya ci gaba da zama a ƙungiyar Malmö FF ta ƙasar Sweden na tsawon shekaru huɗu kafin ya yi ritaya a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2024. Shi ɗan'uwan [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron]] gida ne Henrik Moisander, kuma tsohon kyaftin ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Finland . Moisander ya fara buga wa ƙasar Finland wasa a watan Mayun 2008, yana da shekaru 22, kuma ya buga wasanni 62, ciki har da shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2010, 2014 da 2018 kafin ya yi ritaya daga ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa a 2017. <ref name="werder.de">{{Cite web |date=20 November 2017 |title=Moisander retires from Finland international duty |url=https://www.werder.de/en/news/news/werder-bremen-news/20172018/moisander-finland-20112017/ |access-date=1 December 2017 |website=SV Werder Bremen |archive-date=1 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201182853/https://www.werder.de/en/news/news/werder-bremen-news/20172018/moisander-finland-20112017/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na shekara na ƙasar Finland a 2012 da 2013. == Aikin kulob == === TPS === Moisander ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa tare da ɗan'uwansa Henrik, waɗanda suka haɗu da TPS na gida daga garinsu na Turku a shekara ta 2001. Shekara guda bayan haka, ya fara buga wasa a Veikkausliiga, babban rukunin ƙwallon ƙafa a Finland, a ƙarƙashin manaja Mika Laurikainen a wancan lokacin. An zaɓe shi a cikin 'yan wasan farko a ranar 15 ga Mayu 2003 a wasan kakar wasa ta yau da kullun da Inter Turku . Ya buga cikakken mintuna 90 a wasan da suka yi nasara a waje da ci 2-0 a wasansa na farko na Turku derby. Ya buga wasanni 17 ga TPS a kakar wasa ta 2002 da 2003, inda ya zama ɗan wasa na yau da kullun tare da ƙungiyarsa ta gida yana da shekaru 17. [1] === Ajax === A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2003, an sanar da cewa ƙungiyar Ajax ta Holland Eredivisie ta sayi tagwayen Henrik da Niklas a kwangilar shekaru biyu, wanda hakan ya sa suka kasance tare da ƙungiyar har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2005. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 June 2003 |title=Ajax contracteert de Finse gebroeders Moisander |url=http://www.voetbalzone.nl/doc.asp?uid=4194 |access-date=18 November 2013 |publisher=Voetbalzone}}</ref> A Ajax, za su shiga ƙungiyar da Jari Litmanen da Petri Pasanen na Finland Internationals ke bugawa a lokacin. Da farko, tagwayen za su shiga ƙungiyar Ajax A1 ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19, suna fafatawa a gasar A-junior Eredivisie ta 2003-04 a shekararsu ta farko da ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moisanderin veljesten näytöt vakuuttivat Ajaxin |url=http://www.mtv3.fi/urheilu/futis/uutiset.shtml/2003/06/172421/moisanderin-veljesten-naytot-vakuuttivat-ajaxin |access-date=9 June 2003 |publisher=MTV3}}</ref> Tagwayen sun taimaka wa ƙungiyarsu ta lashe gasar A-Juniors ta takwas a ƙungiyar, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin kocin lokacin [[Danny Makaho|Danny Blind]] . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, Moisander da ɗan'uwansa sun fafata a gasar Beloften Eredivisie don ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Jong Ajax, inda za su taimaka wajen lashe gasar a shekararsu ta farko a ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moisander: 'Ajax is mijn droomclub' |url=http://www.ad.nl/ad/nl/1441/Ajax/article/detail/3303834/2012/08/21/Moisander-Ajax-is-mijn-droomclub.dhtml |access-date=19 November 2013 |publisher=AD.nl}}</ref> Bayan sanya hannu kan tsawaita kwantiragi na tsawon shekara guda kafin ƙarshen kakar wasa, Ajax ta lashe Kofin KNVB a ƙarshe. Duk da haka, ba tare da sun shiga ƙungiyar farko ba, bayan wa'adinsu na biyu tare da 'yan wasan baya, an raba tagwayen; yayin da aka tura Henrik zuwa Assyriska da ke Sweden, Niklas ya ci gaba da zama a Netherlands, inda ya sanya hannu da [[PEC Zwolle|FC Zwolle]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Year in Football: Ajax Amsterdam |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/soccer/netherlands/teams/aja/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020926193429/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/soccer/netherlands/teams/aja/ |archive-date=26 September 2002 |access-date=19 November 2013 |publisher=Sports Illustrated}}</ref> === FC Zwolle === A ranar 3 ga Mayu 2006 aka sanar da cewa Moisander zai koma ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie FC Zwolle, inda ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu da ƙungiyar daga Overijssel . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC Zwolle contracteert verdediger Moisander |url=http://www.peczwolle.nl/nl/nieuwsarchief/66/fc-zwolle-contracteert-verdediger-moisander2006-05-03/fc-zwolle-contracteert-verdediger-moisander2006-05-03?search=moisander&fromday=&frommonth=&fromyear=&today=&tomonth=&toyear= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174101/http://www.peczwolle.nl/nl/nieuwsarchief/66/fc-zwolle-contracteert-verdediger-moisander2006-05-03/fc-zwolle-contracteert-verdediger-moisander2006-05-03?search=moisander&fromday=&frommonth=&fromyear=&today=&tomonth=&toyear= |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=19 November 2013 |publisher=peczwolle.nl}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2006 a wasan da suka doke Fortuna Sittard da ci 2-0 a gida a wasan Kofin KNVB, inda nan take ya kafa matsayinsa a cikin 'yan wasa goma sha ɗaya na farko na ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=KNVB Beker; FC Zwolle - Fortuna Sittard |url=http://www.fcupdate.nl/voetbaluitslagen/207712/knvb-beker-pec-zwolle-fortuna-sittard/ |access-date=19 November 2013 |publisher=FCUpdate.nl}}</ref> A tsakiyar kakar wasa ta farko, an soke kwantiraginsa kuma an tsawaita shi na ƙarin shekara, wanda hakan ya sa ya koma ƙungiyar har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2009. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Niklas Moisander siirtyi FC Zwolleen |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/urheilu/art-1288339373549.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819084609/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/urheilu/art-1288339373549.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=3 May 2006 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> Bayan kakar wasa biyu ta farko, kuma tare da sauran shekara ɗaya a kwantiraginsa, Zwolle da AZ Alkmaar sun amince da yarjejeniyar canja wurin Moisander kai tsaye kan kuɗin canja wuri na €600,000, inda ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Holland. A lokacin zamansa a Zwolle, ya buga wasanni 75 a ƙungiyar, inda ya zira kwallaye biyar, inda ya kasance ɗan wasa mai ƙarfi a ƙungiyarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moisander jatkaa FC Zwollessa |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288338253659.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085418/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288338253659.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=2 October 2007 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> === AZ === A ranar 11 ga Yuli 2008, an sanar da cewa AZ ta amince da Zwolle don canja wurin Moisander kai tsaye, inda ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru uku don ɗaure shi da ƙungiyar har zuwa lokacin bazara na 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moisander: van broodjes naar pasta |url=http://www.az.nl/nieuws/moisander-van-broodjes-naar-pasta/1 |access-date=19 November 2013 |publisher=AZ.nl |archive-date=20 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140420060647/http://www.az.nl/nieuws/moisander-van-broodjes-naar-pasta/1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya fara buga wasa a Eredivisie a ranar 20 ga Satumba 2008 a AZ a wasan da suka doke [[PSV Eindhoven|PSV]] a gida da ci 1-0. <ref>{{Cite web |title=AZ-pakki Niklas Moisanderille makea debyytti Eredivisiessa |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288336336744.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019165928/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288336336744.html |archive-date=19 October 2014 |access-date=21 September 2008 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=AZ 1-0 PSV |url=http://www.goal.com/en/match/24549/az-vs-psv/preview |access-date=19 November 2013 |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> Ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko ga AZ a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2008 a wasan da suka doke Sparta Rotterdam da ci 6-0 a kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. <ref>{{Cite web |title=AZ 6-0 Sparta Rotterdam |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2008/10/03/netherlands/eredivisie/stichting-az/sparta-rotterdam-bv/658218/news/ |access-date=26 August 2021 |publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> Ya sami damar kafa kansa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na farko a ƙarƙashin kocin [[Louis van Gaal]], inda ya buga jimillar wasanni 22 a gasar, bayan da aka dakatar da shi na ɗan lokaci a watannin Janairu da Fabrairu saboda raunin gwiwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Niklas Moisanderin siirto AZ Alkmaariin sinetöity |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288338857160.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140420062435/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288338857160.html |archive-date=20 April 2014 |access-date=5 June 2008 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> [[Fayil:Moisander.jpg|right|thumb|311x311px|Moisander tare da AZ Alkmaar a cikin 2011]] Moisander ya dawo da sauri don taimakawa ƙungiyarsa lashe gasar Eredivisie, ta biyu ga ƙungiyar a tarihinta kuma ta farko da Moisander ya yi. A wannan kakar, gasar cin kofin ta kai zagaye na ƙarshe, kuma duk da cewa AZ ta sha kashi a wasanta na ƙarshe a kakar wasa da Vitesse, har yanzu ta sami damar lashe gasar saboda manyan rashin nasara da Ajax da Twente suka sha. <ref name="ere2009">{{Cite web |title=Niklas Moisanderista Hollannin jalkapallomestari |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288339358820.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019165910/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288339358820.html |archive-date=19 October 2014 |access-date=19 April 2009 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> A kakar wasa mai zuwa, Moisander ya fara buga wasa a nahiyar Turai, yana bugawa a kakar wasa ta 2009-10 ta gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Niklas Moisander AZ:ssa vuoteen 2014 |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288338218428.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019165916/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288338218428.html |archive-date=19 October 2014 |access-date=27 April 2009 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni biyar cikin shida da suka fafata da kamar [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]], Olympiacos da Standard Liège, AZ, a ƙasan rukunin a ƙarƙashin sabon kocin da aka naɗa [[Ronald Koeman]] . Wannan ya faru ne bayan ya lashe gasar cin kofin Dutch Super Cup ( Johan Cruyff Shield ) da [[SC Heerenveen|Heerenveen]] a farkon kakar wasa. <ref name="jcs2009">{{Cite web |title=Niklas Moisander ja uusi valmentaja vanhoja tuttuja |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288337529246.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610214812/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288337529246.html |archive-date=10 June 2015 |access-date=30 June 2009 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> A tsakiyar kakar wasa, ƙungiyar ta sake canza shugabanci lokacin da aka ɗauki Dick Advocaat a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Koeman, kuma ƙungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na biyar don haka ta cancanci shiga zagaye na uku na cancantar shiga gasar UEFA Europa League ta 2010–11 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Inter puolusti tasapelin |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288335950397.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140420062158/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288335950397.html |archive-date=20 April 2014 |access-date=16 September 2009 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uusi pomo vakuutti heti Niklas Moisanderin |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288338878805.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610202931/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288338878805.html |archive-date=10 June 2015 |access-date=11 December 2009 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> Kafin kakar wasa ta 2010-11, AZ ta sami wani wanda zai maye gurbin Gertjan Verbeek a matsayin sabon kocin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moisander aloittanut harjoittelun uuden valmentajan alaisuudessa |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288339705474.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819090705/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288339705474.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=25 June 2010 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> Moisander ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimaka wa kungiyarsa ta cancanci shiga matakin rukuni na gasar Europa League na 2010-11, bayan ya fito a dukkan wasanni hudu a zagayen cancantar shiga gasar. Ya kuma buga wasanni hudu daga cikin shida na matakin rukuni da Dynamo Kyiv, BATE Borisov da Sheriff Tiraspol . Duk da haka, kungiyar ta kammala gasar a matsayi na hudu, don haka ta sake cancantar shiga zagayen cancantar shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Niklas Moisander debytoi AZ:n kipparina |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288339310536.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819090436/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288339310536.html |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=8 August 2010 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> Bayan tafiyar Stijn Schaars zuwa Sporting CP kafin kakar wasa ta 2011-12, an naɗa Moisander a matsayin sabon kyaftin na ƙungiyar AZ. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Niklas Moisander sai luottamuksen osoituksen Hollannissa |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288403329775.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224100456/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288403329775.html |archive-date=24 December 2013 |access-date=23 July 2011 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> Bayan ya sake tabbatar da matakin rukuni na gasar Europa League ta 2011-12, ta hanyar nasarar da ya samu a wasan share fage da Baumit Jablonec da Aalesunds FK, ƙungiyarsa ta samu nasarar ficewa daga matakin rukuni, inda ta fafata da kamar Austria Wien, Malmö FF da Metalist Kharkiv, inda suka kare a matsayi na biyu a rukunin. Daga nan ƙungiyar ta kai zagayen kwata-kwata ta hanyar doke Anderlecht da [[Udinese Calcio|Udinese]] a zagayen da suka gabata, daga ƙarshe ta yi nasara a kan [[Valencia CF|Valencia]] da ci 5-2. Moisander ya buga wasanni 14 a lokacin kakar wasa ta nahiyar, lokacin da ta kai zagayen kwata-kwata na gasar a karo na huɗu a tarihin ƙungiyar. Moisander ya fara kakar wasa ta Eredivisie ta 2012-13 tare da AZ, inda ya buga wasanni biyu a gasar, kafin ya koma maƙwabciyar Ajax. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moisanderin AZ:n europelit päättyivät {{!}} Julkaisija |url=http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288460360432.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224125158/http://www.iltasanomat.fi/jalkapallo/art-1288460360432.html |archive-date=24 December 2013 |access-date=4 May 2012 |publisher=Ilta-Sanomat}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] h3g1xfgjb2m8zlskmlaxclmlq6wxqrx 0 151070 863784 835465 2026-06-22T10:49:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863784 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Peter Arntz''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 1953 a Leuth, Gelderland ) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] mai ritaya daga ƙasar Holland wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya]] . == Aikin kulob == Arntz ya fito ne ta hanyar sanannen tsarin matasa na Go Ahead Eagles kuma ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar manyan 'yan wasansu da Barry Hughes ke jagoranta a watan Fabrairun 1971 a waje da Ajax . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 January 2018 |title=Jeugdexponenten Uitgelicht: Peter Arntz |url=https://www.ga-eagles.nl/jeugdexponenten-uitgelicht-peter-arntz/ |access-date=10 April 2026 |website=Go Ahead Eagles |language=nl}}</ref> Ya koma AZ'67 bayan Gasar Cin Kofin Turai ta 1976 kuma ya lashe Kofin KNVB sau biyu tare da su. A shekarar 1981, ya lashe gasar tare da su kuma ya buga wasanni biyu a zagaye na karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin UEFA ta 1981 wanda AZ'67 ta sha kashi a hannun Ipswich Town . A ranar 25 ga Mayu, 1986, ya buga wasansa na ƙarshe (AZ'67-Haarlem 1-1). == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Ya fara buga wa Netherlands wasa a wasan sada zumunci da Belgium a [1] 1975, kuma ya buga wasanni 5, bai ci kwallo ko daya ba. An saka shi cikin tawagar Holland a gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta UEFA ta Turai ta 1976. [2] Wasansa na ƙarshe a duniya shi ne wasan neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA a watan Fabrairun 1981 da Cyprus . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Peter Arntz, international football player |url=https://eu-football.info/_player.php?id=804 |access-date=10 April 2026 |website=EU-football.info}}</ref> == Ritaya == Bayan ya yi ritaya a matsayin ɗan wasa, Arntz ya yi aiki a matsayin mai leƙen asiri na AZ daga 1997 zuwa 2011. <ref>[http://www.rtvnh.nl/sport/53205/hoofdscout-peter-arntz-weg-bij-az Hoofdscout Peter Arntz weg bij AZ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204232614/http://www.rtvnh.nl/sport/53205/hoofdscout-peter-arntz-weg-bij-az |date=2018-12-04 }} - RTV Noord Holland {{In lang|nl}}</ref> Ya ƙaura zuwa Sweden tare da matarsa a 2016. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1953]] my2at49wzho3jg1gc17ek65rshk89lj 0 151243 863093 836073 2026-06-21T13:49:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Muhammad Abdallah Hussain''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 2002 a [[Jos]] ) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ke bugawa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ljungskile SK ta ƙasar Sweden, kuma [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Maza ta Najeriya ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 20|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da shekaru 20 ta Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 August 2019 |title=A. Mohammed |url=https://www.besoccer.com/player/a-mohammed-903708 |access-date=26 January 2021 |website=besoccer.com |archive-date=3 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203042125/https://www.besoccer.com/player/a-mohammed-903708 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 December 2020 |title=Mohammed Abdullah- The Nigeria U20 Midfielder Set To Thrill Africa At WAFU U20 Tournament |url=https://www.owngoalnigeria.com/2020/12/03/mohammed-abdullah-the-nigeria-u20-midfielder-set-to-thrill-africa-at-wafu-u20-tournament/ |access-date=26 January 2021 |website=futaa.com}}</ref> (hunturu 2020). Yana wasa a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsakiya]], [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari]], ko kuma ɗan wasan tsakiya mai tsaron baya. == Aikin kulob == A ranar 7 ga Janairun 2018, bayan ya yi rawar gani a gwajin da aka yi masa na tsawon mako guda, Mohammed Abdallah Hussain daga ƙarshe ya sanya hannu na dindindin da ƙungiyar Mighty Jets da ke [[Jos]] a kan kwangilar shekara guda. === Nasarawa United === A watan Oktoban 2019, Hussain ya koma daga Mighty Jets zuwa kungiyar [[Nasarawa United F.C.|Nasarawa United FC]] ta Najeriya a gasar kwararru kan yarjejeniyar shekara daya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2019 |title=Abdallah Mohammed |url=https://www.flashscore.com.ng/player/mohammed-abdallah/dl69vHRA/ |access-date=26 January 2021 |website=flashscore.com.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Muhammad Abdalla |url=https://npfl.ng/player/muhammad-abdalla/ |access-date=2026-05-15 |archive-date=2021-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130181740/https://npfl.ng/player/muhammad-abdalla/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 December 2019 |title=NPFL: Sunshine Stars trash Nasarawa United 4-2 in Akure |url=https://batatv.com/2019/12/09/npfl-sunshine-stars-trash-nasarawa-united-4-2-in-akure/ }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> '''Ljungskile SK''' Bayan ya wakilci ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa ta Najeriya 'yan ƙasa da shekara 20, Muhammad Abdallah Hussain ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya da sabuwar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Sweden mai matsayi na biyu, Ljungskile SK, a ranar 2 ga Maris 2021, inda ya zura ƙwallo ɗaya a wasanni 27. Ya koma Najeriya a ƙarshen kakar wasa a watan Nuwamba 2021. '''Taurarin Harbi SC''' Muhammad Abdallah Hussain bai samu kwangilar ƙwararru ba a rabin farko na 2022, amma yana atisaye da wata makarantar ƙwallon ƙafa a gida a Jos. Daga baya a rabin na biyu na 2022 ya sake haɗuwa da kocin Gbenga Ogunbote a Shooting Stars SC wanda kusan yake aiki da shi lokacin da kocin Gbenga Ogunbote yana tare da Sunshine Stars FC a kwata na farko na 2021 amma daga ƙarshe ya sanya hannu a Ljungskile SK . Muhammad Abdallah Hussain ya taimaka wa Shooting Stars SC ta lashe gasar kafin kakar wasa ta Disamba 2022 wacce aka yi wa lakabi da SUPER CUP wanda [[Dozy Mmobuosi]] ya shirya. Muhammad Abdallah Hussain ya buga wasanni 5 ga Shooting Stars SC a kakar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya ta 22/23 kafin ya tafi kyauta zuwa Ljungskile SK don wa'adinsa na biyu a Sweden a watan Maris na 2023. '''Ljungskile SK''' A ranar 26 ga Maris 2023 Muhammad Abdallah Hussain ya rubuta alkalami da Ljungskile SK bayan ya dawo kulob din. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A watan Nuwamba na 2020, kocin tawagar ' [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Maza ta Najeriya ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 20|yan kasa da shekara 20 ta Najeriya]], Ladan Bosso, ya gayyace shi ya kasance cikin tawagar ' [[Ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Maza ta Najeriya ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 20|yan kasa da shekara 20 ta Najeriya]] a gasar WAFU Zone B U-20 da za a yi a [[Benin]] a shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 November 2020 |title=Bosso names 20 for WAFU U20 Cup of Nations |url=https://www.thenff.com/2020/11/bosso-names-20-for-wafu-u20-cup-of-nations/ |access-date=26 January 2021 |website=thenff.com |archive-date=27 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127130049/https://www.thenff.com/2020/11/bosso-names-20-for-wafu-u20-cup-of-nations/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bosso Selects Team for WAFU U20 Cup of Nations |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2020/11/27/bosso-selects-team-for-wafu-u20-cup-of-nations/}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === '''''Bayyanar da kwallaye a raga ta kulob, kakar wasa da kuma gasa''''' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" ! rowspan="2" |Kulob ! rowspan="2" | Kakar wasa ! colspan="3" | Gasar League ! colspan="2" | Kofi ! colspan="2" | Nahiyar Nahiyar ! colspan="2" | Wani ! colspan="2" | Jimilla |- ! Sashe ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | '''Manyan Jiragen Sama''' | 2018/2019 | NPFL | 24 | 7 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | – | 0 | 0 | 24 | 7 |- ! Nasarawa Haɗaka ! 2019/2020 ! NPFL ! 15 ! 2 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 15 ! 2 |- ! Ljungskile SK ! 2021 ! Ettan Södra ! 27 ! 1 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 27 ! 1 |- ! Taurarin Harbi SC ! 2022/2023 ! NPFL ! 5 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 |- ! Ljungskile SK ! 2023 ! Ettan Södra ! 19 ! 1 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 14 ! 1 |- ! Jimillar aiki ! ! ! 85 ! 11 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 0 ! 85 ! 11 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 0030f6oy1kfxrpe5qprr2645aszdkf8 0 151358 863674 843539 2026-06-22T06:35:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club | clubname = Osun United FC | fullname = Osun United Football Club | nickname = Omoluabi Giants | founded = 1996 | ground = Osogbo Township Stadium | capacity = 10,000 | owner = Gwamnatin Jihar Osun | chairman = | manager = | league = Nigeria National League | season = | position = | website = }} '''Osun United FC''' ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Najeriya wadda take da hedikwata a garin Osogbo, babban birnin [[Jihar Osun]], Najeriya. Ƙungiyar tana wakiltar jihar Osun a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa, kuma tana daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da suka shahara a yankin kudu maso yammacin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.transfermarkt.com/osun-united/startseite/verein/44725 |title=Osun United FC Profile |website=Transfermarkt |access-date=15 Mayu 2026}}</ref> An kafa ƙungiyar Osun United FC a shekarar 1996 domin haɓaka wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da bai wa matasan jihar Osun damar nuna bajintarsu a matakin ƙasa. Tun bayan kafuwarta, ƙungiyar ta kasance tana fafatawa a matakai daban-daban na gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/osun-united-fc/16918/ |title=Osun United FC History |website=Global Sports Archive |access-date=15 Mayu 2026}}</ref> Osun United FC tana buga wasanninta na gida ne a filin wasa na '''Osogbo Township Stadium''' wanda yake a Osogbo. Filin wasan yana ɗaukar dubban magoya baya kuma yana daga cikin manyan wuraren wasanni a jihar Osun.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng |title=Osogbo Township Stadium Information |website=Goal Nigeria |access-date=15 Mayu 2026}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta yi suna wajen bai wa matasa dama musamman 'yan wasa daga yankin kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Wasu daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka taka leda a ƙungiyar sun samu damar ci gaba zuwa manyan ƙungiyoyi a Najeriya da ƙasashen waje.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Osun United committed to youth development |newspaper=The Nation Nigeria |url=https://thenationonlineng.net |access-date=15 Mayu 2026}}</ref> Osun United FC ta taba fafatawa a gasar '''Nigeria National League (NNL)''' wanda ita ce mataki na biyu a tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya. Ƙungiyar tana ƙoƙarin samun gurbin hawa zuwa gasar firimiya ta Najeriya wato '''Nigeria Premier Football League'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nnl.com.ng/ |title=Nigeria National League Clubs |website=NNL Official Website |access-date=15 Mayu 2026 |archive-date=2026-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260416053240/https://nnl.com.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Magoya bayan Osun United FC suna daga cikin masu goyon bayan ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa a yankin Osun. Ƙungiyar tana da kyakkyawar alaƙa da al’ummar jihar ta hanyar shirye-shiryen ci gaban matasa da wasannin sada zumunta.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Osun United Fans Continue Support for Club |newspaper=Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com |access-date=15 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == Osun United FC ta fara ne da manufar samar da wata ƙungiya mai wakiltar jihar Osun a manyan gasa na ƙasa. A cikin shekarun farko na kafuwarta, ƙungiyar ta fi mayar da hankali kan haɓaka matasan 'yan wasa da shiga gasannin cikin gida.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.flashscore.com/team/osun-united/ |title=Osun United Team History |website=Flashscore |access-date=15 Mayu 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Filin wasa == Ƙungiyar tana amfani da '''Osogbo Township Stadium''' a matsayin filin wasanta na gida. Filin wasan yana karɓar wasannin cikin gida da sauran shirye-shiryen wasanni na jihar Osun.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.soccerway.com/teams/nigeria/osun-united/ |title=Osun United Venue |website=Soccerway |access-date=15 Mayu 2026}}</ref> == Gasa == * Nigeria National League (NNL) * State FA Cup * Friendly Competitions == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria National League]] * [[Jihar Osun]] * [[Ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na Najeriya]] [[Category:Jihar Osun]] [[Category:An kafa a 1996]] cwl504n5apn6osg6pnliegzoq32wddt 0 151707 863590 837788 2026-06-22T03:25:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alexander "Oghogho" Oduokpe''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Disamba 1992) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ke buga wa Maccabi Herzliya wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba . Wata ƙungiyar matasa [[Karamone FC|ta Karamone]] ta gano Oghogho Oduokpe sannan ta koma Tolopia United FC inda ya samu damar buga wasa da [[Warri Wolves F.C.|Warri Wolves]] . Ya buga wasansa na farko da kuma ƙwallon farko a gasar Isra'ila ga Maccabi Herzliya inda ya sami maki ɗaya, ya kuma ci kwallo ɗaya sannan ya taimaka aka ci kwallo a wasan da suka yi a waje a ranar 11 ga Maris 2016. == Aikin kulob == Ya fara wasansa na wasa da ƙungiyar matasa ta Karamone daga baya ya koma ƙungiyar Tolopia United FC daga can ya sami damar shiga ƙungiyar Warri Wolves ta Jos inda ya fara hazaka da baiwar da ya samu, inda ya lashe kyaututtuka da dama, kamar mafi kyawun ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar, mafi yawan zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a kakar wasa, kuma shine ɗan wasan gaba mafi ƙanƙanta a ƙungiyar Warri Wolves da ya taɓa siyan. Ya fara samun shahara, wanda hakan ya jawo hankalin ƙungiyoyi a gida da waje, amma Warri Wolves ba su iya shawo kan mai ƙarfi da kuma mai tsaron ƙwallo ya ci gaba da zama ba. Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Enugu Rangers ta jawo hankalinsa. Enugu Rangers ta saye shi don ya buga gasar Caf Champions League, gasar Premier ta Najeriya da gasar cin kofin FA ta Najeriya a kakar wasa ta 2012 da 2013. Ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na ƙasashen waje a Turai, Asiya da Afirka da Enugu Rangers ta buga da su a gasar Caf Champions League kamar Cape Town, [1] Ya lashe kyaututtuka da yawa a matsayin ɗan wasan MVP na wasan, Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyarsa, mafi kyawun mai jefa ƙwallo da kuma kyautar ƙwallon ban mamaki. [2] [3] [4] Wakilin Oghogho Oduokpe shine Ramone Remmie. == Haɗin gwiwar Zakarun CAF da kwallayen da aka zura a gasar Premier ta Najeriya == * [http://nigerianfootballleague.com/troubled-rangers-go-past-nasarawa/ Kwallon Oghogho Oduokpe ga Rangers FC - Gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya] * [http://nigerianfootballleague.com/rangers-shares-point-with-bayelsa/ Oghogho Oduokpe ya samu maki uku a gasar Premier ta Najeriya] * [http://nigerianfootballleague.com/bayelsa-escape-relegation-wolves-picks-continental-ticket/ Oghogho Oduokpe Brace ta ceci Bayelsa Utd daga faduwa daga gasar Premier ta Najeriya] * [http://www.soccerstarng.com/story_display_page.php?top_story_id=1633 Golan Oghogho Oduokpe - Gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304105853/http://www.soccerstarng.com/story_display_page.php?top_story_id=1633 |date=2016-03-04 }} * [http://www.informationng.com/2014/09/glo-premier-league-leading-trio-lose-as-wolves-climb-4th.html Kwallon Oghogho Oduokpe ta tabbatar da maki 3- Gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya] * [http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4111/nigeria-premier-league/2014/09/25/5130346/npfl-week-28-league-round-up-wolves-tear-apart-dolphins-in Oghogho Oduopke] == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Ya buga wa Enugu Rangers International FC wasa a gasar zakarun Turai ta 2012/13. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rangers beat Sharks to grab Champions League place over Lobi Stars |url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigeria/2012/09/08/3361593/rangers-beat-sharks-to-grab-champions-league-place-over-lobi/www.fgv.br/seminariogestaoesportiva |website=Goal.com}}</ref> Ya zura kwallaye kuma ya taimaka wajen zura kwallaye. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] skjd7rnjdf5bnrqzn44f5ntgswucjcs 0 151999 863545 839092 2026-06-21T21:43:50Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Evans Ngemba Obi''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1985 a [[Owerri]] ) [[Mai tsaran raga|ɗan wasan]] [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Najeriya wanda ke bugawa [[TSV Grünwald]] a ƙungiyar Bezirksliga [[Jamus|ta Jamus]] [http://www.bayliga.de/tab/lmo.php?file=Bz_Ob_Sued.l98 Oberbayern-Süd] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208234930/http://www.bayliga.de/tab/lmo.php?file=Bz_Ob_Sued.l98 |date=2008-12-08 }} . == Sana'a == Obi ya fara aikinsa a shekarar 2005 tare da [http://www.academyafricasport.org/index.php?MenuId=0&SubMenuId=7&SubSubMenuId=-1&Language=de Academy Africa]{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} da ke [[München]] kuma ya yi gwaji da SV Heimstetten a watan Yunin 2008, bayan wata guda aka mayar da shi SV Heimstetten . Shi ne mai tsaron gida na farko a ƙungiyar 'yan wasa daga SV Heimstetten wanda ke buga wasa a ƙungiyar 'yan wasa [[Jamus|ta Jamus]] Kreisklasse 6 kuma mai tsaron gida na uku a ƙungiyar farko, wanda ke buga wasa a ƙungiyar Landesliga Bayern. Bayan wasanni 18 a [http://ergebnisse.bfv.de/ligaPublicErgebnisse.do?reqCode=edit&showErgebnisse=1&liga_id=15926&filterType=vereine&geschlecht_id=0&altersklasse_id=0&spielklasse_id=0&bezirk_id=0&kreis_id=0&spieltyp_id=0&vereinsname=sv%20heimstetten&reset=1 Kreisklasse 6] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215175407/http://ergebnisse.bfv.de/ligaPublicErgebnisse.do?reqCode=edit&showErgebnisse=1&liga_id=15926&filterType=vereine&geschlecht_id=0&altersklasse_id=0&spielklasse_id=0&bezirk_id=0&kreis_id=0&spieltyp_id=0&vereinsname=sv%20heimstetten&reset=1 |date=2012-02-15 }} don SV Heimstetten II ya bar ƙungiyar a watan Yulin 2009 kuma ya koma SC Fürstenfeldbruck II . A lokacin rani na 2011 ya sanya hannu kan kulob ɗin Bezirksliga na Jamus Oberbayern-Süd [[TSV Grünwald]] . == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == An fara zaɓensa a matsayin ɗan wasan Super Eagles a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 2008. [1] == Bayani == Obi shi ne ɗan wasa na farko da ya taɓa fitowa daga tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa ta SV Heimstetten wanda aka zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na ƙasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Evans Obi: Heimstettens erster Nationalspieler |url=http://www.sv-heimstetten.de/cms/front_content.php?idcat=13&idart=347 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080808040051/http://www.sv-heimstetten.de/cms/front_content.php?idcat=13 |archive-date=8 August 2008 |access-date=5 May 2009}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1985]] t2inmnt2g0wjrplgsv4b05psb4b3obf 0 152328 863727 840527 2026-06-22T09:13:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Patrick Pascal''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Disamba 1974 a Bauchi) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya, wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mai kula da ƙungiyar Super Eagles kuma shugaban ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa [[Bauchi (jiha)|ta Bauchi]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 June 2019 |title=Super Eagles team coordinator Patrick Pascal becomes Bauchi FA Chairman |url=https://www.brila.net/just-in-super-eagles-team-coordinator-patrick-pascal-becomes-bauchi-fa-chairman/}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == Patrick ya fara aikinsa a shekarar 1992, ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru a gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya a [[Wikki Tourists F.C.|Wikki Tourist]] . Bayan shekara guda a Bauchi, ya koma Shooting Stars FC, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pascal says Eaglets look promising |url=http://www.thenff.com/2015/07/pascal-says-eaglets-look-promising/ |access-date=2026-05-27 |archive-date=2015-08-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150809170439/http://www.thenff.com/2015/07/pascal-says-eaglets-look-promising/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan ya zura kwallaye 43 a wasanni 103, ya koma ƙungiyar '''Gençlerbirliği Ankara ta''' Turkiyya <ref>{{Cite web |title=Turkish Football Federation Player Information and detail {{!}} Pascal Patrick |url=http://www.tff.org/Default.aspx?pageId=526&kisiId=28148}}</ref> a shekarar 1996. A can ya ci gaba har zuwa 18 ga Nuwamba 1997 sannan ya sanya hannu da Altay Izmir . Ya zira kwallaye 20 a wasanni 45 don fitar da su daga faduwa daga gasar. Bayan kakar wasa, a watan Janairun 2000, ya koma Belgium ya sanya hannu da [[Royal Antwerp]] bayan ya yi nasara a gwaji. <ref>{{Cite web |title=National Football Team {{!}} Nigeria {{!}} Pascal Patrick |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/15072/Patrick_Pascal_Onya.html}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2000, Pascal ya shiga Lifan FC a China kuma ya yi ritaya a shekarar 2002 == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == Patrick ya buga wasanni huɗu na ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya a shekarar 1998 da 1999. Patrick Pascal yana cikin ƙungiyar wasannin Olympics ta Najeriya da ta lashe lambar zinare a Atlanta a shekarar 1996. [1] == Aiki a matsayin ma'aikaci == Bayan kammala aikinsa na aiki, ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Wikki Tourists. Ya yi wannan aikin har zuwa bazara na 2012 <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 January 2012 |title=Pascal admonishes ex-internationals {{!}} on youth{{!}} players |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/pascal-admonishes-ex-internationals/}}</ref> sannan kuma ya kasance "Mataimaki na Musamman" ga ƙungiyoyin matasa na Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya. Bugu da ƙari, yana aiki a matsayin "shugaban aikin matasa" na Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Bauchi, shi ne mataimakin shugaban hukumar FA ta Bauchi na farko kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimaki na Musamman kan ci gaban matasa a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Aminu Maigari kuma memba ne na Kwamitin Fasaha a ƙarƙashin Pinnick Amaju, [https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/157369-maigari-inaugurates-electoral-committee-nigerian-football-elections.html] a halin yanzu shi ne mai kula da Super Eagles na Najeriya. == Daraja == === Kulob === Tauraron Mai Harbi * Gasar Firimiya ta Najeriya 1995 * Kofin Kalubale na 1995 * Zakarun Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka na Zakarun Turai sun zo na biyu a 1996 Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa Matasan Najeriya * Lambar Zinare ta Olympics : 1996 * Lambobin Tagulla na [[1995 All-Africa Games|Duk Wasannin Afirka]] na 1995 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] s42anjapkj9nkec56359w8rtpjouvmz 0 152679 863651 841357 2026-06-22T06:01:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Oriental Brothers International''', wanda ake kuma kira <nowiki>''</nowiki>The Oriental Brothers<nowiki>''</nowiki>, wata fitacciyar ƙungiyar makaɗan Highlife ce daga Gabashin Najeriya. Ita ce ƙungiyar farko ta irin tsarin <nowiki>'''</nowiki>boy band<nowiki>'''</nowiki> a Najeriya a salon Highlife, wadda aka kafa jim kaɗan bayan Yaƙin Najeriya da Biafra a shekarun 1970. Asalin ƙungiyar ta samo ne daga haɗin gwiwar: [[Dr Sir Warrior]], Dan Satch Opara, Nathaniel Ejiogu, [[Kabaka (mai kiɗa)|Godwin Kabaka Opara]], da Prince Ichita.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oriental Brothers Biography, Songs, & Albums |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/oriental-brothers-mn0001424339/biography |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=AllMusic |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cagnolari |first=Vladimir |date=2022-06-10 |title=Oriental Brothers: celebrating 50 years with a new record! |url=http://http//https%3A%2F%2Fpan-african-music.com%2Fen%2Foriental-brothers%2F |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=PAM - Pan African Music |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kungiyar ta fitar da jimlar kundin studio 39, tarin 7 da kuma karin wasa 4.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oriental Brothers International |url=https://www.discogs.com/artist/439385-Oriental-Brothers-International |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Discogs |language=en}}</ref> == Mambobin ƙungiyar == Mambobin ƙungiyar na asali da na yanzu na Oriental Brothers International Band: === Membobin Original / Past Band === * '''Ferdinand Chukwuemeka "Dan-Satch" Opara''' - Jagora da Bass Guitarist * '''[[Kabaka (mai kiɗa)|Godwin Opara]]''' - Jagoran Band da Rhythm Guitarist * '''Christogonus "Dr. Sir Warrior" Ezewuiro Obinna''' - Jagoran Mai ba da labari * '''Livinus "Aquila" Alaribe''' - Mai kunnawa * '''Fred "Ichita" Ahumaraeze''' - Mai bugawa === Mambobin Band na yanzu === '''Masu amfani da kayan kida''' * '''Livinus Aquila Alaribe''' - Mai kunnawa * '''John Okere''' - Bass Guitar * '''Okechukwu Uzodinma''' - Gitar * '''Afrizia Obinna''' - Mawallafi * '''Kenneth Emenogu''' - Jagoran Guitar * '''John Paul Opara''' - Maracas * '''Ebere Nwebe''' - Drums '''Masu ba da murya''' * Dan Satch * Kampala Yokolo <ref>{{Cite web |last=Romero |first=Angel |date=2024-11-18 |title=A Legendary Return: The Oriental Brothers and Their Effect on Afro-Colombian Music {{!}} World Music Central |url=https://worldmusiccentral.org/2024/11/18/a-legendary-return-the-oriental-brothers-and-their-effect-on-afro-colombian-music/ |access-date=2024-11-19 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Bayanan da aka yi == === Waƙoƙin da aka zaɓa === * Uwa Atu Alamujo-1990 * Origbu Onye Ozo-1977 * Ihe Eme Uwa Adimma-1977 * Onwe Tarani Nye Ibe Efe-2006 * Wanda ya fito daga Oma zuwa 2006 * Mutumin da ya Naniya Biri-2006 * Akwa Uwa-2006 * Obinwanne-2009 * Ozo Wu Iwen-2009 * Onye Egbula Onye Akpala Obiya-2009 * Akudo-2011 * Gabas ta Musamman ta Gabas-2011 * Iheoma Agighi Onye Oso-2011 * Nnedinobi-2011 * Abin Chiyerem-2011 * Abin da ya faru a shekara ta 2011 * Oke Nolulu-2011 * Ebele Onye Uwa-2015 * Ugwu Madu Na-2015 * Nwanneya-2016 * Nwoke Ezu-Ike-2019 == Manazarta == <references /> [[Rukuni:Kungiyoyin mawaƙan Najeriya]] 1z6gvrcxxtyrhcwac7mv5e7rbmpj736 0 152874 863351 841850 2026-06-21T17:05:41Z Kalakpagh 23388 added refrence 863351 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Bafing''' ( Manding na nufin "baƙar kogin", [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Bafing'' )<ref name="CamaraO'Toole2013">{{cite book|author1=Mohamed Saliou Camara|author2=Thomas O'Toole|author3=Janice E. Baker|title=Historical Dictionary of Guinea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfcKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|date=7 November 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7969-0|page=38}}</ref> shine babban titin kuma babban raɓar [[Kogin Senegal]] wanda ke ratsa [[Gini|Guinea]] da [[Mali]] kuma yana da nisan {{Convert|350|miles}} tsayi. == Kwas ɗin == Fonta Djallon a Guinea ita ce tushen Kogin Bafing, {{Convert|30|miles}} arewacin Mamou . Yana gudana na kimanin {{Convert|350|miles}} kuma ya haɗu da Kogin Bakoy don haɗuwa da [[Kogin Senegal]] a yammacin Afirka. Kogin Bafing shine mafi girman magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Senegal, kuma yana ba da gudummawar kusan rabin jimlar ruwansa. Bafing wani ɓangare ne na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin Guinea da Mali. <ref name="Brownlie, I.">{{Cite book|last3=Ian Brownlie}}</ref> == Ban ruwa == Ambaliyar ruwa daga Kogin Bafing da ke gefen Kogin Senegal ta saba dogara da ita a matsayin hanyar tallafawa noma na gida. Duk da haka, fari a shekarun 1970 ya tilasta gina madatsun ruwa a Kogin Bafing da Kogin Senegal. Madatsar ruwa ta Manantali, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1987, tana kan Kogin Bafing {{Convert|90|km}} daga saman Bafoulabé. Ita ce tafki mafi girma a Mali, [[Tafkin Manantali]] . Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|11.3|km3|cumi}} na ruwa wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da wutar lantarki ga injinan turbines a lokacin rani. Sakamakon haka, yawan ambaliyar ruwa da ke gangarowa daga madatsar ruwa ya ragu amma a lokacin rani, kwararar ruwa tsakanin {{Convert|150|m3/s|cuyd/s}} da {{Convert|200|m3/s|cuyd/s}}Ana kiyaye . == Ilimin Halittu == Akwai yiwuwar samun adadi mai yawa na birai a yankin gabashin Kogin Bafing. An kuma ga birai masu cin kudan zuma masu launin shuɗi ( ''merops muelleri'' ) a dajin da ke kan kogin kudu da tsaunukan Manding . == Manazarta == gfxf7phsxng11u0cnr2wmimgk9tt0jq 863352 863351 2026-06-21T17:07:40Z Kalakpagh 23388 added refrence 863352 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Bafing''' ( Manding na nufin "baƙar kogin", [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Bafing'' )<ref name="CamaraO'Toole2013">{{cite book|author1=Mohamed Saliou Camara|author2=Thomas O'Toole|author3=Janice E. Baker|title=Historical Dictionary of Guinea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfcKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|date=7 November 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7969-0|page=38}}</ref> shine babban titin kuma babban raɓar [[Kogin Senegal]] wanda ke ratsa [[Gini|Guinea]] da [[Mali]] kuma yana da nisan {{Convert|350|miles}} tsayi. == Kwas ɗin == Fonta Djallon a Guinea ita ce tushen Kogin Bafing,<ref name="KnaapNations1994">{{cite book|author1=M. van der Knaap|author2=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|title=Status of Fish Stocks and Fisheries of Thirteen Medium-sized African Reservoirs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wl4nd5K52FIC&pg=RA1-PA19|year=1994|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=978-92-5-103581-8|page=19}}</ref> {{Convert|30|miles}} arewacin Mamou . Yana gudana na kimanin {{Convert|350|miles}} kuma ya haɗu da Kogin Bakoy don haɗuwa da [[Kogin Senegal]] a yammacin Afirka. Kogin Bafing shine mafi girman magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Senegal, kuma yana ba da gudummawar kusan rabin jimlar ruwansa. Bafing wani ɓangare ne na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin Guinea da Mali. <ref name="Brownlie, I.">{{Cite book|last3=Ian Brownlie}}</ref> == Ban ruwa == Ambaliyar ruwa daga Kogin Bafing da ke gefen Kogin Senegal ta saba dogara da ita a matsayin hanyar tallafawa noma na gida. Duk da haka, fari a shekarun 1970 ya tilasta gina madatsun ruwa a Kogin Bafing da Kogin Senegal. Madatsar ruwa ta Manantali, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1987, tana kan Kogin Bafing {{Convert|90|km}} daga saman Bafoulabé. Ita ce tafki mafi girma a Mali, [[Tafkin Manantali]] . Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|11.3|km3|cumi}} na ruwa wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da wutar lantarki ga injinan turbines a lokacin rani. Sakamakon haka, yawan ambaliyar ruwa da ke gangarowa daga madatsar ruwa ya ragu amma a lokacin rani, kwararar ruwa tsakanin {{Convert|150|m3/s|cuyd/s}} da {{Convert|200|m3/s|cuyd/s}}Ana kiyaye . == Ilimin Halittu == Akwai yiwuwar samun adadi mai yawa na birai a yankin gabashin Kogin Bafing. An kuma ga birai masu cin kudan zuma masu launin shuɗi ( ''merops muelleri'' ) a dajin da ke kan kogin kudu da tsaunukan Manding . == Manazarta == ro8qi18tx5vseu677dtqukywxri2a0y 863353 863352 2026-06-21T17:09:30Z Kalakpagh 23388 added refrence 863353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Bafing''' ( Manding na nufin "baƙar kogin", [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Bafing'' )<ref name="CamaraO'Toole2013">{{cite book|author1=Mohamed Saliou Camara|author2=Thomas O'Toole|author3=Janice E. Baker|title=Historical Dictionary of Guinea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfcKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|date=7 November 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7969-0|page=38}}</ref> shine babban titin kuma babban raɓar [[Kogin Senegal]] wanda ke ratsa [[Gini|Guinea]] da [[Mali]] kuma yana da nisan {{Convert|350|miles}} tsayi. == Kwas ɗin == Fonta Djallon a Guinea ita ce tushen Kogin Bafing,<ref name="KnaapNations1994">{{cite book|author1=M. van der Knaap|author2=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|title=Status of Fish Stocks and Fisheries of Thirteen Medium-sized African Reservoirs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wl4nd5K52FIC&pg=RA1-PA19|year=1994|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=978-92-5-103581-8|page=19}}</ref> {{Convert|30|miles}} arewacin Mamou . Yana gudana na kimanin {{Convert|350|miles}},<ref name="Company1980">{{cite book|author=Rand McNally and Company|title=Rand McNally Encyclopedia of World Rivers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6vZWAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Rand McNally|page=9}}</ref> kuma ya haɗu da Kogin Bakoy don haɗuwa da [[Kogin Senegal]] a yammacin Afirka. Kogin Bafing shine mafi girman magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Senegal, kuma yana ba da gudummawar kusan rabin jimlar ruwansa. Bafing wani ɓangare ne na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin Guinea da Mali. <ref name="Brownlie, I.">{{Cite book|last3=Ian Brownlie}}</ref> == Ban ruwa == Ambaliyar ruwa daga Kogin Bafing da ke gefen Kogin Senegal ta saba dogara da ita a matsayin hanyar tallafawa noma na gida. Duk da haka, fari a shekarun 1970 ya tilasta gina madatsun ruwa a Kogin Bafing da Kogin Senegal. Madatsar ruwa ta Manantali, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1987, tana kan Kogin Bafing {{Convert|90|km}} daga saman Bafoulabé. Ita ce tafki mafi girma a Mali, [[Tafkin Manantali]] . Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|11.3|km3|cumi}} na ruwa wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da wutar lantarki ga injinan turbines a lokacin rani. Sakamakon haka, yawan ambaliyar ruwa da ke gangarowa daga madatsar ruwa ya ragu amma a lokacin rani, kwararar ruwa tsakanin {{Convert|150|m3/s|cuyd/s}} da {{Convert|200|m3/s|cuyd/s}}Ana kiyaye . == Ilimin Halittu == Akwai yiwuwar samun adadi mai yawa na birai a yankin gabashin Kogin Bafing. An kuma ga birai masu cin kudan zuma masu launin shuɗi ( ''merops muelleri'' ) a dajin da ke kan kogin kudu da tsaunukan Manding . == Manazarta == qto8g9lo81fszbdjglqm789uxck4gjy 863360 863353 2026-06-21T17:12:26Z Kalakpagh 23388 added refrence 863360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Bafing''' ( Manding na nufin "baƙar kogin", [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Bafing'' )<ref name="CamaraO'Toole2013">{{cite book|author1=Mohamed Saliou Camara|author2=Thomas O'Toole|author3=Janice E. Baker|title=Historical Dictionary of Guinea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfcKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|date=7 November 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7969-0|page=38}}</ref> shine babban titin kuma babban raɓar [[Kogin Senegal]] wanda ke ratsa [[Gini|Guinea]] da [[Mali]] kuma yana da nisan {{Convert|350|miles}} tsayi. == Kwas ɗin == Fonta Djallon a Guinea ita ce tushen Kogin Bafing,<ref name="KnaapNations1994">{{cite book|author1=M. van der Knaap|author2=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|title=Status of Fish Stocks and Fisheries of Thirteen Medium-sized African Reservoirs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wl4nd5K52FIC&pg=RA1-PA19|year=1994|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=978-92-5-103581-8|page=19}}</ref> {{Convert|30|miles}} arewacin Mamou . Yana gudana na kimanin {{Convert|350|miles}},<ref name="Company1980">{{cite book|author=Rand McNally and Company|title=Rand McNally Encyclopedia of World Rivers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6vZWAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Rand McNally|page=9}}</ref> kuma ya haɗu da Kogin Bakoy don haɗuwa da [[Kogin Senegal]] a yammacin Afirka.<ref name="omvs">{{citation|title=Caractéristiques physiques du fleuve Sénégal|url=http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|publisher=Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal|language=French|accessdate=2 June 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716144235/http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|archivedate=16 July 2013}}.</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Maïga|first=Mahamadou|title=Le bassin du fleuve Sénégal: de la Traite négrière au développement sous-régional autocentré|publisher=L'Harmattan|year=1995|language=French|page=14 footnotes 4, 5}}.</ref> Kogin Bafing shine mafi girman magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Senegal, kuma yana ba da gudummawar kusan rabin jimlar ruwansa. Bafing wani ɓangare ne na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin Guinea da Mali. <ref name="Brownlie, I.">{{Cite book|last3=Ian Brownlie}}</ref> == Ban ruwa == Ambaliyar ruwa daga Kogin Bafing da ke gefen Kogin Senegal ta saba dogara da ita a matsayin hanyar tallafawa noma na gida. Duk da haka, fari a shekarun 1970 ya tilasta gina madatsun ruwa a Kogin Bafing da Kogin Senegal. Madatsar ruwa ta Manantali, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1987, tana kan Kogin Bafing {{Convert|90|km}} daga saman Bafoulabé. Ita ce tafki mafi girma a Mali, [[Tafkin Manantali]] . Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|11.3|km3|cumi}} na ruwa wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da wutar lantarki ga injinan turbines a lokacin rani. Sakamakon haka, yawan ambaliyar ruwa da ke gangarowa daga madatsar ruwa ya ragu amma a lokacin rani, kwararar ruwa tsakanin {{Convert|150|m3/s|cuyd/s}} da {{Convert|200|m3/s|cuyd/s}}Ana kiyaye . == Ilimin Halittu == Akwai yiwuwar samun adadi mai yawa na birai a yankin gabashin Kogin Bafing. An kuma ga birai masu cin kudan zuma masu launin shuɗi ( ''merops muelleri'' ) a dajin da ke kan kogin kudu da tsaunukan Manding . == Manazarta == 8xmtv7k2gjurl1a3p84w3bgm0ffyr6c 863364 863360 2026-06-21T17:14:40Z Kalakpagh 23388 updated content 863364 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Bafing''' ( Manding na nufin "baƙar kogin", [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Bafing'' )<ref name="CamaraO'Toole2013">{{cite book|author1=Mohamed Saliou Camara|author2=Thomas O'Toole|author3=Janice E. Baker|title=Historical Dictionary of Guinea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfcKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|date=7 November 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7969-0|page=38}}</ref> shine babban titin kuma babban raɓar [[Kogin Senegal]] wanda ke ratsa [[Gini|Guinea]] da [[Mali]] kuma yana da nisan {{Convert|350|miles}} tsayi. == Kwas ɗin == Fonta Djallon a Guinea ita ce tushen Kogin Bafing,<ref name="KnaapNations1994">{{cite book|author1=M. van der Knaap|author2=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|title=Status of Fish Stocks and Fisheries of Thirteen Medium-sized African Reservoirs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wl4nd5K52FIC&pg=RA1-PA19|year=1994|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=978-92-5-103581-8|page=19}}</ref> {{Convert|30|miles}} arewacin Mamou . Yana gudana na kimanin {{Convert|350|miles}},<ref name="Company1980">{{cite book|author=Rand McNally and Company|title=Rand McNally Encyclopedia of World Rivers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6vZWAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Rand McNally|page=9}}</ref> kuma ya haɗu da Kogin Bakoy don haɗuwa da [[Kogin Senegal]] a yammacin Afirka.<ref name="omvs">{{citation|title=Caractéristiques physiques du fleuve Sénégal|url=http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|publisher=Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal|language=French|accessdate=2 June 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716144235/http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|archivedate=16 July 2013}}.</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Maïga|first=Mahamadou|title=Le bassin du fleuve Sénégal: de la Traite négrière au développement sous-régional autocentré|publisher=L'Harmattan|year=1995|language=French|page=14 footnotes 4, 5}}.</ref> Kogin Bafing shine mafi girman magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Senegal, kuma yana ba da gudummawar kusan rabin jimlar ruwansa.<ref>{{cite book|title=Development Anthropology Network: Bulletin of the Institute for Development Anthropology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GzA9AAAAYAAJ|year=1982|publisher=The Institute for Development Anthropology|page=10}}</ref> Bafing wani ɓangare ne na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin Guinea da Mali. <ref name="Brownlie, I.">{{Cite book|last3=Ian Brownlie}}</ref> == Ban ruwa == Ambaliyar ruwa daga Kogin Bafing da ke gefen Kogin Senegal ta saba dogara da ita a matsayin hanyar tallafawa noma na gida. Duk da haka, fari a shekarun 1970 ya tilasta gina madatsun ruwa a Kogin Bafing da Kogin Senegal. Madatsar ruwa ta Manantali, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1987, tana kan Kogin Bafing {{Convert|90|km}} daga saman Bafoulabé. Ita ce tafki mafi girma a Mali, [[Tafkin Manantali]] . Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|11.3|km3|cumi}} na ruwa wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da wutar lantarki ga injinan turbines a lokacin rani. Sakamakon haka, yawan ambaliyar ruwa da ke gangarowa daga madatsar ruwa ya ragu amma a lokacin rani, kwararar ruwa tsakanin {{Convert|150|m3/s|cuyd/s}} da {{Convert|200|m3/s|cuyd/s}}Ana kiyaye . == Ilimin Halittu == Akwai yiwuwar samun adadi mai yawa na birai a yankin gabashin Kogin Bafing. An kuma ga birai masu cin kudan zuma masu launin shuɗi ( ''merops muelleri'' ) a dajin da ke kan kogin kudu da tsaunukan Manding . == Manazarta == 3jo7ucc44z7j8bbsm0n7pd59u64szmx 863369 863364 2026-06-21T17:18:03Z Kalakpagh 23388 added refrence 863369 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Bafing''' ( Manding na nufin "baƙar kogin", [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Bafing'' )<ref name="CamaraO'Toole2013">{{cite book|author1=Mohamed Saliou Camara|author2=Thomas O'Toole|author3=Janice E. Baker|title=Historical Dictionary of Guinea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfcKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|date=7 November 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7969-0|page=38}}</ref> shine babban titin kuma babban raɓar [[Kogin Senegal]] wanda ke ratsa [[Gini|Guinea]] da [[Mali]] kuma yana da nisan {{Convert|350|miles}} tsayi. == Kwas ɗin == Fonta Djallon a Guinea ita ce tushen Kogin Bafing,<ref name="KnaapNations1994">{{cite book|author1=M. van der Knaap|author2=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|title=Status of Fish Stocks and Fisheries of Thirteen Medium-sized African Reservoirs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wl4nd5K52FIC&pg=RA1-PA19|year=1994|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=978-92-5-103581-8|page=19}}</ref> {{Convert|30|miles}} arewacin Mamou . Yana gudana na kimanin {{Convert|350|miles}},<ref name="Company1980">{{cite book|author=Rand McNally and Company|title=Rand McNally Encyclopedia of World Rivers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6vZWAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Rand McNally|page=9}}</ref> kuma ya haɗu da Kogin Bakoy don haɗuwa da [[Kogin Senegal]] a yammacin Afirka.<ref name="omvs">{{citation|title=Caractéristiques physiques du fleuve Sénégal|url=http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|publisher=Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal|language=French|accessdate=2 June 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716144235/http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|archivedate=16 July 2013}}.</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Maïga|first=Mahamadou|title=Le bassin du fleuve Sénégal: de la Traite négrière au développement sous-régional autocentré|publisher=L'Harmattan|year=1995|language=French|page=14 footnotes 4, 5}}.</ref> Kogin Bafing shine mafi girman magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Senegal, kuma yana ba da gudummawar kusan rabin jimlar ruwansa.<ref>{{cite book|title=Development Anthropology Network: Bulletin of the Institute for Development Anthropology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GzA9AAAAYAAJ|year=1982|publisher=The Institute for Development Anthropology|page=10}}</ref> Bafing wani ɓangare ne na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin Guinea da Mali. <ref name="Brownlie, I.">{{Cite book|last3=Ian Brownlie}}</ref> == Ban ruwa == Ambaliyar ruwa daga Kogin Bafing da ke gefen Kogin Senegal ta saba dogara da ita a matsayin hanyar tallafawa noma na gida. Duk da haka, fari a shekarun 1970 ya tilasta gina madatsun ruwa a Kogin Bafing da Kogin Senegal. Madatsar ruwa ta Manantali, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1987,<ref name="Kornfeld2020">{{cite book|author=Itzchak Kornfeld|title=Mega-Dams and Indigenous Human Rights|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_3LDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA109|date=31 January 2020|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1-78643-549-1|page=109}}</ref> tana kan Kogin Bafing {{Convert|90|km}} daga saman Bafoulabé. Ita ce tafki mafi girma a Mali, [[Tafkin Manantali]] . Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|11.3|km3|cumi}} na ruwa wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da wutar lantarki ga injinan turbines a lokacin rani. Sakamakon haka, yawan ambaliyar ruwa da ke gangarowa daga madatsar ruwa ya ragu amma a lokacin rani, kwararar ruwa tsakanin {{Convert|150|m3/s|cuyd/s}} da {{Convert|200|m3/s|cuyd/s}}Ana kiyaye . == Ilimin Halittu == Akwai yiwuwar samun adadi mai yawa na birai a yankin gabashin Kogin Bafing. An kuma ga birai masu cin kudan zuma masu launin shuɗi ( ''merops muelleri'' ) a dajin da ke kan kogin kudu da tsaunukan Manding . == Manazarta == sk930qf3flrxlf8b62p0s0tqifgouuh 863371 863369 2026-06-21T17:20:28Z Kalakpagh 23388 added refrence 863371 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Bafing''' ( Manding na nufin "baƙar kogin", [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Bafing'' )<ref name="CamaraO'Toole2013">{{cite book|author1=Mohamed Saliou Camara|author2=Thomas O'Toole|author3=Janice E. Baker|title=Historical Dictionary of Guinea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfcKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|date=7 November 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7969-0|page=38}}</ref> shine babban titin kuma babban raɓar [[Kogin Senegal]] wanda ke ratsa [[Gini|Guinea]] da [[Mali]] kuma yana da nisan {{Convert|350|miles}} tsayi. == Kwas ɗin == Fonta Djallon a Guinea ita ce tushen Kogin Bafing,<ref name="KnaapNations1994">{{cite book|author1=M. van der Knaap|author2=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|title=Status of Fish Stocks and Fisheries of Thirteen Medium-sized African Reservoirs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wl4nd5K52FIC&pg=RA1-PA19|year=1994|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=978-92-5-103581-8|page=19}}</ref> {{Convert|30|miles}} arewacin Mamou . Yana gudana na kimanin {{Convert|350|miles}},<ref name="Company1980">{{cite book|author=Rand McNally and Company|title=Rand McNally Encyclopedia of World Rivers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6vZWAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Rand McNally|page=9}}</ref> kuma ya haɗu da Kogin Bakoy don haɗuwa da [[Kogin Senegal]] a yammacin Afirka.<ref name="omvs">{{citation|title=Caractéristiques physiques du fleuve Sénégal|url=http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|publisher=Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal|language=French|accessdate=2 June 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716144235/http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|archivedate=16 July 2013}}.</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Maïga|first=Mahamadou|title=Le bassin du fleuve Sénégal: de la Traite négrière au développement sous-régional autocentré|publisher=L'Harmattan|year=1995|language=French|page=14 footnotes 4, 5}}.</ref> Kogin Bafing shine mafi girman magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Senegal, kuma yana ba da gudummawar kusan rabin jimlar ruwansa.<ref>{{cite book|title=Development Anthropology Network: Bulletin of the Institute for Development Anthropology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GzA9AAAAYAAJ|year=1982|publisher=The Institute for Development Anthropology|page=10}}</ref> Bafing wani ɓangare ne na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin Guinea da Mali. <ref name="Brownlie, I.">{{Cite book|last3=Ian Brownlie}}</ref> == Ban ruwa == Ambaliyar ruwa daga Kogin Bafing da ke gefen Kogin Senegal ta saba dogara da ita a matsayin hanyar tallafawa noma na gida. Duk da haka, fari a shekarun 1970 ya tilasta gina madatsun ruwa a Kogin Bafing da Kogin Senegal. Madatsar ruwa ta Manantali, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1987,<ref name="Kornfeld2020">{{cite book|author=Itzchak Kornfeld|title=Mega-Dams and Indigenous Human Rights|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_3LDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA109|date=31 January 2020|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1-78643-549-1|page=109}}</ref> tana kan Kogin Bafing {{Convert|90|km}} daga saman Bafoulabé. Ita ce tafki mafi girma a Mali, [[Tafkin Manantali]] . Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|11.3|km3|cumi}} na ruwa wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da wutar lantarki ga injinan turbines a lokacin rani. Sakamakon haka, yawan ambaliyar ruwa da ke gangarowa daga madatsar ruwa ya ragu amma a lokacin rani, kwararar ruwa tsakanin {{Convert|150|m3/s|cuyd/s}} da {{Convert|200|m3/s|cuyd/s}}Ana kiyaye.<ref>{{citation|title=Étude des impacts environnementaux du projet d’aménagement de Félou|year=2006|publisher=Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal (O.M.V.S.)|url=https://www.eib.org/attachments/pipeline/1527_eia_fr.pdf|language=French|page=63}}.</ref> . == Ilimin Halittu == Akwai yiwuwar samun adadi mai yawa na birai a yankin gabashin Kogin Bafing. An kuma ga birai masu cin kudan zuma masu launin shuɗi ( ''merops muelleri'' ) a dajin da ke kan kogin kudu da tsaunukan Manding . == Manazarta == 0lnjsbuwbzmx90n68nsompg7315ecrq 863375 863371 2026-06-21T17:23:05Z Kalakpagh 23388 added refrence 863375 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Bafing''' ( Manding na nufin "baƙar kogin", [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Bafing'' )<ref name="CamaraO'Toole2013">{{cite book|author1=Mohamed Saliou Camara|author2=Thomas O'Toole|author3=Janice E. Baker|title=Historical Dictionary of Guinea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfcKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|date=7 November 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7969-0|page=38}}</ref> shine babban titin kuma babban raɓar [[Kogin Senegal]] wanda ke ratsa [[Gini|Guinea]] da [[Mali]] kuma yana da nisan {{Convert|350|miles}} tsayi. == Kwas ɗin == Fonta Djallon a Guinea ita ce tushen Kogin Bafing,<ref name="KnaapNations1994">{{cite book|author1=M. van der Knaap|author2=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|title=Status of Fish Stocks and Fisheries of Thirteen Medium-sized African Reservoirs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wl4nd5K52FIC&pg=RA1-PA19|year=1994|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=978-92-5-103581-8|page=19}}</ref> {{Convert|30|miles}} arewacin Mamou . Yana gudana na kimanin {{Convert|350|miles}},<ref name="Company1980">{{cite book|author=Rand McNally and Company|title=Rand McNally Encyclopedia of World Rivers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6vZWAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Rand McNally|page=9}}</ref> kuma ya haɗu da Kogin Bakoy don haɗuwa da [[Kogin Senegal]] a yammacin Afirka.<ref name="omvs">{{citation|title=Caractéristiques physiques du fleuve Sénégal|url=http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|publisher=Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal|language=French|accessdate=2 June 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716144235/http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|archivedate=16 July 2013}}.</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Maïga|first=Mahamadou|title=Le bassin du fleuve Sénégal: de la Traite négrière au développement sous-régional autocentré|publisher=L'Harmattan|year=1995|language=French|page=14 footnotes 4, 5}}.</ref> Kogin Bafing shine mafi girman magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Senegal, kuma yana ba da gudummawar kusan rabin jimlar ruwansa.<ref>{{cite book|title=Development Anthropology Network: Bulletin of the Institute for Development Anthropology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GzA9AAAAYAAJ|year=1982|publisher=The Institute for Development Anthropology|page=10}}</ref> Bafing wani ɓangare ne na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin Guinea da Mali. <ref name="Brownlie, I.">{{Cite book|last3=Ian Brownlie}}</ref> == Ban ruwa == Ambaliyar ruwa daga Kogin Bafing da ke gefen Kogin Senegal ta saba dogara da ita a matsayin hanyar tallafawa noma na gida. Duk da haka, fari a shekarun 1970 ya tilasta gina madatsun ruwa a Kogin Bafing da Kogin Senegal. Madatsar ruwa ta Manantali, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1987,<ref name="Kornfeld2020">{{cite book|author=Itzchak Kornfeld|title=Mega-Dams and Indigenous Human Rights|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_3LDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA109|date=31 January 2020|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1-78643-549-1|page=109}}</ref> tana kan Kogin Bafing {{Convert|90|km}} daga saman Bafoulabé. Ita ce tafki mafi girma a Mali, [[Tafkin Manantali]] . Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|11.3|km3|cumi}} na ruwa wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da wutar lantarki ga injinan turbines a lokacin rani. Sakamakon haka, yawan ambaliyar ruwa da ke gangarowa daga madatsar ruwa ya ragu amma a lokacin rani, kwararar ruwa tsakanin {{Convert|150|m3/s|cuyd/s}} da {{Convert|200|m3/s|cuyd/s}}Ana kiyaye.<ref>{{citation|title=Étude des impacts environnementaux du projet d’aménagement de Félou|year=2006|publisher=Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal (O.M.V.S.)|url=https://www.eib.org/attachments/pipeline/1527_eia_fr.pdf|language=French|page=63}}.</ref> . == Ilimin Halittu == Akwai yiwuwar samun adadi mai yawa na birai a yankin gabashin Kogin Bafing.<ref name="Kormos2003">{{cite book|author=Rebecca Kormos|title=West African Chimpanzees: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan|url=https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/2003-059.pdf|year=2003|publisher=IUCN|page=48}}</ref> An kuma ga birai masu cin kudan zuma masu launin shuɗi ( ''merops muelleri'' ) a dajin da ke kan kogin kudu da tsaunukan Manding . == Manazarta == j9v9x5cmi0bhnnbwms80j7vkyoq2gdm 863376 863375 2026-06-21T17:24:34Z Kalakpagh 23388 added refrence 863376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kogin Bafing''' ( Manding na nufin "baƙar kogin", [[Faransanci]] : ''Rivière Bafing'' )<ref name="CamaraO'Toole2013">{{cite book|author1=Mohamed Saliou Camara|author2=Thomas O'Toole|author3=Janice E. Baker|title=Historical Dictionary of Guinea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TfcKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|date=7 November 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7969-0|page=38}}</ref> shine babban titin kuma babban raɓar [[Kogin Senegal]] wanda ke ratsa [[Gini|Guinea]] da [[Mali]] kuma yana da nisan {{Convert|350|miles}} tsayi. == Kwas ɗin == Fonta Djallon a Guinea ita ce tushen Kogin Bafing,<ref name="KnaapNations1994">{{cite book|author1=M. van der Knaap|author2=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|title=Status of Fish Stocks and Fisheries of Thirteen Medium-sized African Reservoirs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wl4nd5K52FIC&pg=RA1-PA19|year=1994|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=978-92-5-103581-8|page=19}}</ref> {{Convert|30|miles}} arewacin Mamou . Yana gudana na kimanin {{Convert|350|miles}},<ref name="Company1980">{{cite book|author=Rand McNally and Company|title=Rand McNally Encyclopedia of World Rivers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6vZWAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Rand McNally|page=9}}</ref> kuma ya haɗu da Kogin Bakoy don haɗuwa da [[Kogin Senegal]] a yammacin Afirka.<ref name="omvs">{{citation|title=Caractéristiques physiques du fleuve Sénégal|url=http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|publisher=Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal|language=French|accessdate=2 June 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716144235/http://www.omvs.org/fr/fleuve/physique.php|archivedate=16 July 2013}}.</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Maïga|first=Mahamadou|title=Le bassin du fleuve Sénégal: de la Traite négrière au développement sous-régional autocentré|publisher=L'Harmattan|year=1995|language=French|page=14 footnotes 4, 5}}.</ref> Kogin Bafing shine mafi girman magudanar ruwa ta Kogin Senegal, kuma yana ba da gudummawar kusan rabin jimlar ruwansa.<ref>{{cite book|title=Development Anthropology Network: Bulletin of the Institute for Development Anthropology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GzA9AAAAYAAJ|year=1982|publisher=The Institute for Development Anthropology|page=10}}</ref> Bafing wani ɓangare ne na iyakar ƙasa da ƙasa tsakanin Guinea da Mali. <ref name="Brownlie, I.">{{Cite book|last3=Ian Brownlie}}</ref> == Ban ruwa == Ambaliyar ruwa daga Kogin Bafing da ke gefen Kogin Senegal ta saba dogara da ita a matsayin hanyar tallafawa noma na gida. Duk da haka, fari a shekarun 1970 ya tilasta gina madatsun ruwa a Kogin Bafing da Kogin Senegal. Madatsar ruwa ta Manantali, wacce aka kammala a shekarar 1987,<ref name="Kornfeld2020">{{cite book|author=Itzchak Kornfeld|title=Mega-Dams and Indigenous Human Rights|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_3LDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA109|date=31 January 2020|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1-78643-549-1|page=109}}</ref> tana kan Kogin Bafing {{Convert|90|km}} daga saman Bafoulabé. Ita ce tafki mafi girma a Mali, [[Tafkin Manantali]] . Madatsar ruwan tana da tsawon {{Convert|11.3|km3|cumi}} na ruwa wanda ake amfani da shi wajen samar da wutar lantarki ga injinan turbines a lokacin rani. Sakamakon haka, yawan ambaliyar ruwa da ke gangarowa daga madatsar ruwa ya ragu amma a lokacin rani, kwararar ruwa tsakanin {{Convert|150|m3/s|cuyd/s}} da {{Convert|200|m3/s|cuyd/s}}Ana kiyaye.<ref>{{citation|title=Étude des impacts environnementaux du projet d’aménagement de Félou|year=2006|publisher=Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal (O.M.V.S.)|url=https://www.eib.org/attachments/pipeline/1527_eia_fr.pdf|language=French|page=63}}.</ref> . == Ilimin Halittu == Akwai yiwuwar samun adadi mai yawa na birai a yankin gabashin Kogin Bafing.<ref name="Kormos2003">{{cite book|author=Rebecca Kormos|title=West African Chimpanzees: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan|url=https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/2003-059.pdf|year=2003|publisher=IUCN|page=48}}</ref> An kuma ga birai masu cin kudan zuma masu launin shuɗi ( ''merops muelleri'' ) a dajin da ke kan kogin kudu da tsaunukan Manding .<ref name="Fry2010">{{cite book|author=C. Hilary Fry|title=The Bee-Eaters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zoQ9aIbU48MC&pg=PA47|date=30 September 2010|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-4081-3687-4|page=47}}</ref> == Manazarta == ls3pr336igjjbcpca0f0so4pwk3idqm 0 153307 863584 843045 2026-06-22T02:24:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863584 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dam din Nyabarongo II Multipurpose Dam''', madatsar ruwa ce mai dumbin yawa da ake ginawa a fadin [[kogin Nyabarongo]] a [[Ruwanda|kasar Ruwanda]] . Dam din zai auna {{Convert|48|m|0}}tsayin da {{Convert|228|m|0}} tsayi, ƙirƙirar ma'ajiyar ruwa mai ƙarfin ajiya na {{Convert|846000000|m3|liter}} . Ana kuma sa ran madatsar ruwan za ta samar da ruwan ban ruwa ga kimanin {{Convert|20000|ha|acre}} na ƙasa, a gefen wurin da madatsar ruwan take. Bugu da ƙari, madatsar ruwan za ta karɓi bakuncin '''Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Nyabarongo II''', tare da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na megawatts 43.5. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Africa Energy |date=31 March 2021 |title=Rwanda: Nyabarongo II construction to begin next month |url=https://www.africa-energy.com/article/rwanda-nyabarongo-ii-construction-begin-next-month |access-date=29 Jun 2021 |website=Africa-Energy.com}}</ref> <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=NS Energy |date=2019 |title=Nyabarongo II Hydropower Project |url=https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/nyabarongo-ii-hydropower-project/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=NS Energy Business}}</ref> == Wuri == Dam din Nyabarongo II yana kusa da garin Shyorongi, a gundumar Rulindo, a lardin Arewacin Ruwanda. Wannan kusan {{Convert|21|km|0}} arewa maso yammacin [[Kigali]], babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a wannan ƙasar. A watan Yunin 2018, gwamnatin Rwanda, ta hanyar ''Energy Development Corporation Limited'' (EDCL), wani reshe na Rwanda Energy Group (REG), ta amince da Sinohydro don gina wannan madatsar ruwa mai amfani da yawa don (a) adana ruwan ban ruwa (b) don daidaita ambaliyar ruwa a gefen wannan madatsar ruwa da kuma (c) samar da megawatts 43.5 na makamashin lantarki don ƙarawa zuwa ga tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙasa. <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Jean Marie Takouleu |date=6 April 2019 |title=Rwanda: Sinohydro invests $214 million in Nyabarongo II dam construction |url=https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=Arik21.africa |archive-date=9 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209104649/https://www.afrik21.africa/en/rwanda-sinohydro-invests-214-million-in-nyabarongo-ii-dam-construction/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2019, an fayyace yarjejeniyoyin da ke tsakanin ɓangarorin. An bai wa Sinohydro aikin gina madatsar ruwa da kuma sanya sassan su yi aiki, ba daga baya ba sai a shekarar 2025. An amince da tsarin ginin da za a yi amfani da shi ya zama "gina, mallaka, aiki da canja wurin" (BOOT). An ware kasafin kuɗin aikin zuwa dala miliyan 214. <ref name="4R"/> Ana nufin tashar wutar lantarki ta Nyabarongo II don haɓaka {{Convert|28|MW}} Nyabarongo I Hydroelectric Power Station, sama daga Nyabarongo II. <ref name="4R"/> == Ci gaba, kuɗi da kuma lokaci == An bai wa Sinohydro, kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa, injiniya da gine-gine mallakar gwamnatin kasar Sin kwangilar injiniya, sayayya, da gini, kan farashin dala miliyan 214. <ref name="4R"/> Gwamnatin Rwanda ce ta ranci kudaden, daga Bankin Exim na China bisa sharuddan rangwame. <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=Hydropower & Dams |date=25 February 2020 |title=Rwanda signs financing agreement for Nyabarongo II project |url=https://www.hydropower-dams.com/news/rwanda-signs-financing-agreement-for-nyabarongo-ii-project/ |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=The International Journal On Hydropower & Dams}}</ref> An fara ginin ne a watan Afrilun 2021 kuma an tsara zai ɗauki tsawon lokaci har zuwa Disamba 2026. <ref name="1R"/> == Kayayyakin more rayuwa masu alaƙa == Baya ga madatsar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki, Sinohydro tana ƙarƙashin kwangilar gina ababen more rayuwa masu zuwa, a matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan aikin: (a) gada a kan [[Kogin Nyabarongo]] (b) wurin canza kaya da kuma tashar samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin 110kV (c) layin watsawa mai ƙarfin 110kV wanda ya kai {{Convert|19|km|0}}, daga tashar wutar lantarki zuwa tashar samar da wutar lantarki a Rulindo, inda makamashi zai shiga tashar wutar lantarki ta ƙasa da kuma (d) hanya ta dindindin zuwa wurin da madatsar ruwa ke aiki. Duk wannan za a kammala shi cikin watanni 56. <ref name="5R" /> ==manqzartq== f9ocg7za6n4wh8s3mxbzedua0mnslhz 0 153328 863581 843102 2026-06-22T01:56:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863581 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Nthomeng Justina Majara''' (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1963) lauya ce kuma 'yar siyasa a matsayin Mataimakin Firayim Minista na [[Lesotho]] tun daga shekarar 2022. Wani memba na Revolution for Prosperity, a baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Babban Alkalin Lesotho daga 2014 zuwa 2018, kasancewar ita ce mace ta farko da aka nada a kowane ofishin. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Nthomeng Justina Majara a ranar 8 ga Yuni 1963 a asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth II a Lesotho, kuma yaren mahaifiyarta Sesotho ne.<ref name="icc-cpi.int">{{Cite web |last=Ikeda, Yoshihiro |date=17 May 2017 |title=ICC Judicial Nomination – Model curriculum vitae |url=https://asp.icc-cpi.int/iccdocs/asp_docs/Elections/EJ2017/ICC-ASP-EJ2017-LES-CV-ENG.pdf |access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin shari'a daga Jami'ar Kasa ta Lesotho, ta kammala a shekarar 1992, da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin doka daga Kwalejin King ta London, ta kammala karatu a shekarar 1997. <ref name="icc-cpi.int" /> == Ayyuka == An nada Majara a matsayin babban alƙali na Lesotho a watan Satumbar 2014, lokacin da ta maye gurbin Mai Shari'a [[Tšeliso Monaphathi]], wanda ya kasance mukaddashin babban alƙalin tun watan Afrilun 2013. <ref name="lestimes.com">{{Cite web |last= |date=4 September 2014 |title=Majara appointed new chief justice |url=http://www.lestimes.com/majara-appointed-new-chief-justice/ |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=lestimes.com}}</ref> Lokacin da aka tambayi Babban Kotun da Kotun daukaka kara, [[Lesitsi Mokeke]], don ƙarin bayani, ya amsa, "Wannan labari ne a gare ni saboda na fito ne kawai daga ganawa da Mai Shari'a Monaphathi ... Ina tsammanin shi ma bai san wannan ci gaba ba. "<ref name="lestimes.com" /> A cikin 2017, Majara na ɗaya daga cikin 12 da aka zaba don zaɓen alƙalai shida zuwa [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya]] don wakiltar rukunin yankin jihohin Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=MAJARA, Nthomeng Justina |url=https://asp.icc-cpi.int/en_menus/asp/elections/judges/2017/Nominations/Pages/MAJARA.aspx |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=asp.icc-cpi.int |archive-date=7 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107025316/https://asp.icc-cpi.int/en_menus/asp/elections/judges/2017/Nominations/Pages/MAJARA.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2017, Majara tana zaune a cikin wani "gidan [[Maseru]] mai laushi" daga babban alkalin Kotun [[Teboho Moiloa]], duk da cewa masu binciken cikin gida na gwamnati sun yi Allah wadai da shirin watanni shida da suka gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=19 October 2017 |title=Lesotho: Chief Justice's continued sub-lease of judge's mansion in high-end Maseru suburb under scrutiny - Daily Maverick |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-10-20-lesotho-chief-justices-continued-sub-lease-of-judges-mansion-in-high-end-maseru-suburb-under-scrutiny/ |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=www.dailymaverick.co.za}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Mata lauyoyi na farko a duniya == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}https://www.thepost.co.ls/comment/insight-pst/big-steps-for-women/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225062210/https://www.thepost.co.ls/comment/insight-pst/big-steps-for-women/ |date=2024-02-25 }} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] rde0h9gtb2i2jzooixp8g8g5yrwf9it 0 153409 863056 843277 2026-06-21T13:23:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863056 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Mphu Ramatlapeng''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1953) 'yar siyasar [[Lesotho]] ce, 'yar kasuwa kuma mai gudanarwa mai zaman kanta. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Mphu Ramatlapeng a shekara ta 1953 a Lesotho . <ref name="bloombergbio">{{Cite web |title=Anglo American Plc (AAL:London): Mphu Ramatlapeng M.D., MHSc |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=224322879&privcapId=409115 |access-date=October 13, 2017 |website=Bloomberg}}</ref><ref name="clintonfoundationbio">{{Cite web |title=Dr. Mphu Ramatlapeng |url=https://www.clintonfoundation.org/blog/authors/dr-mphu-ramatlapeng |access-date=October 13, 2017 |website=Clinton Foundation}}</ref> Ta sami digiri na likita daga Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kasa ta Kharkiv, sannan ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a daga Jami'an Johns Hopkins . <ref name="bloombergbio" /><ref name="clintonfoundationbio" /> == Ayyuka == Ramatlapeng ya kasance Ministan Lafiya da Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Lesotho daga 2007 zuwa 2012. <ref name="clintonfoundationbio"/> Ramatlapeng ta kasance mataimakin shugaban Asusun Duniya don Yaki da cutar kanjamau, Cutar Fuka da Malaria har zuwa 2013. <ref name="bloombergbio" /><ref name="clintonfoundationbio" /> Ita ce mataimakiyar shugaban zartarwa a Clinton Health Access Initiative na Gidauniyar Clinton . <ref name="clintonfoundationbio" /> Ramatlapeng yana aiki a matsayin wanda ba babban darektan Anglo American plc ba.<ref name="angloamericanboard">{{Cite web |title=Leadership Team |url=http://www.angloamerican.com/about-us/leadership-team/board#mphu-ramatlapeng |access-date=October 13, 2017 |website=Anglo American plc |archive-date=September 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915011511/http://www.angloamerican.com/about-us/leadership-team/board#mphu-ramatlapeng |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 4rp0g0hjgc8v0flgmrlktnqyiqsedvo 0 153493 863498 843473 2026-06-21T20:42:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Blockquote|"A disabled women suffers a multiple handicap. Her chances of marriage are very slight, and she is most likely to be condemned to a twilight existence as a non-productive adjunct to the household of her birth... it is small wonder that many disabled female babies do not survive."<ref name="Coleridge"/>{{rp|154}}}}{{Databox}} Mutanen da ke cikin [[talauci]] sun fi samun ko samun nakasa a cikin rayuwarsu idan aka kwatanta da yawancin mutanen da ke da damar kudi. Adadin nakasassu a cikin kasashe masu talauci ya fi girma fiye da wanda aka samu a [[Developed country|Kasashe masu tasowa]]. Tun daga farkon shekarun 2010 an ci gaba da bincike don tallafawa haɗin tsakanin '''nakasa da talauci''' da kuma sake zagayowar da talauci ke ƙarfafa juna. Rashin lafiyar jiki, fahimta, tunani, motsin rai, ji, ko ci gaba da kansa ko tare da juna na iya kara yiwuwar mutum ya zama matalauta, yayin da rayuwa cikin talauci na iya kara damar mutum na samun ko samun nakasa a wasu damar. == Yankin == [[Fayil:Disable_begger_in_Dhaka.JPG|thumb|Mutumin da ke da nakasa a Bangladesh]] An nuna binciken da yawa don nuna yawan nakasa tsakanin mutanen da ke zaune cikin talauci. Shaidar game da alaƙar da ke tsakanin nakasa da talauci an sake duba ta kwanan nan a cikin Rahoton Flagship na farko na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Naƙasa da Ci gaba <ref name="UN">{{Cite web |title=The UN Disability and Development Report. |url=https://social.un.org/publications/UN-Flagship-Report-Disability-Final.pdf |publisher=United Nations |place=New York |access-date=2026-05-30 |archive-date=2022-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627072157/https://social.un.org/publications/UN-Flagship-Report-Disability-Final.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> An nuna cewa alaƙar da take tsakanin naƙasa da talaucin ta fi karfi lokacin da aka auna talauci a cikin nau'o'i da yawa kamar yadda aka auna shi ta hanyar samun kudin shiga ko kashewa. <ref name="Mitra, Posarac and Vick">{{Cite journal |last=Mitra |first=Sophie |last2=Posarac |first2=Aleksandra |last3=Vick |first3=Brandon |date=January 2013 |title=Disability and Poverty in Developing Countries: A Multidimensional Study |journal=World Development |volume=41 |pages=1–18 |doi=10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.05.024}}</ref><ref name="Trani and Cannings">{{Cite journal |last=Trani |first=Jean-François |last2=Cannings |first2=Tim I. |date=August 2013 |title=Child Poverty in an Emergency and Conflict Context: A Multidimensional Profile and an Identification of the Poorest Children in Western Darfur |journal=World Development |volume=48 |pages=48–70 |doi=10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.03.005}}</ref> Shugaban Bankin Duniya James Wolfensohn ya bayyana cewa wannan haɗin ya nuna hanyar da ya kamata a karya. Ya ce, "Mutanen da ke da nakasa a kasashe masu tasowa suna da yawa a cikin talakawa mafi talauci. An yi watsi da su sosai a cikin ajanda na ci gaba har zuwa yanzu, amma mayar da hankali ga dabarun rage talauci dama ce ta musamman don sake tunani da sake rubuta wannan ajanda. " [[Judith Heumann]], mai ba da shawara na farko na Bankin Duniya game da [[Fafutukar haƙƙin naƙasasu|Hakkin nakasassu]] na duniya, wanda ya nuna cewa daga cikin mutane miliyan 650 da ke zaune da nakasa yau kashi takwas cikin dari suna zaune a kasashe mai tasowa.<ref name="WB">{{Cite web |year=2011 |title=Poverty and disability |url=http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTSOCIALPROTECTION/EXTDISABILITY/0,,contentMDK:20193783~menuPK:419389~pagePK:148956~piPK:216618~theSitePK:282699,00.html |publisher=The World Bank}}</ref><ref name="Humanrights.gov">{{Cite web |year=2012 |title=Special advisor Heumann's remarks on inclusive development |url=http://www.humanrights.gov/tag/judith-heumann/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311193836/http://www.humanrights.gov/tag/judith-heumann/ |archive-date=11 March 2014 |access-date=18 December 2021}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, wasu bincike na bincike tare da tabbatar da tasirin zamantakewa suna buɗe wuraren da ke haifar da kafa abubuwan da ke ba da damar karya sake zagayowar talauci da matalauta masu nakasa ke fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=It also helped refine international approaches to the education of the disabled. [Social Impact]. RECOUP. Research Consortium on Educational Outcomes and Poverty (2005–2009) |url=http://sior.ub.edu/jspui/cris/socialimpact/socialimpact00450 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913135651/http://sior.ub.edu/jspui/cris/socialimpact/socialimpact00450 |archive-date=13 September 2017 |access-date=13 September 2017 |website=SIOR, Social Impact Open Repository}}</ref> A cewar Ma'aikatar Ci Gaban Kasa da Kasa ta Burtaniya, mutane 10,000 da ke da nakasa suna mutuwa kowace rana sakamakon matsanancin talauci, yana nuna cewa haɗin tsakanin waɗannan gine-gine biyu yana da matsala sosai kuma yana da zurfi.<ref name="dfid">{{Cite journal |last=Rebecca Yeo |year=2005 |title=Disability, poverty and the new development agenda |url=http://www.dfid.gov.uk/r4d/PDF/Outputs/Disability/RedPov_agenda.pdf |journal=Disability Knowledge and Research |publisher=Department for International Development |volume=133 |pages=1–33}}</ref> Wannan haɗin yana nan a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa, tare da Cibiyar Masu Tattalin Arziki da ke ba da rahoton cewa a cikin Amurka kadai waɗanda ke da nakasa suna da sau biyu na iya rayuwa a ƙasa da layin talauci fiye da waɗanda ba su da nakasa. == Dalilan da suka haifar == A cewar Bankin Duniya, "Mutanen da ke da nakasa a matsakaita a matsayin rukuni suna fuskantar mummunar sakamako na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki fiye da mutanen da ba su da nakasa, kamar ƙananan ilimi, mummunar sakamakon kiwon lafiya, ƙananan aiki, da mafi girman talauci. " <ref>{{Cite web |title=Disability Inclusion Overview |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/disability#1 |access-date=18 December 2021 |publisher=World Bank |language=en}}</ref> Masu bincike sun nuna cewa waɗannan raguwar sakamakon na iya danganta su da yawancin shingen ma'aikata da sauran dalilai. Bugu da ƙari, an yi hasashen yaduwar nakasa a cikin talakawa don bin tsarin sake zagayowar wanda waɗanda ke zaune a cikin talauci zasu iya samun nakasa kuma waɗanda ke da nakasa zasu iya zama matalauta. === Mugun da'irar === Masana daga Majalisar nakasassu ta Burtaniya sun danganta alaƙar da ke tsakanin nakasassu da talauci ga dalilai da yawa na tsarin da ke inganta "mummunan da'ira".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Yeo |first=Rebecca |last2=Moore |first2=Karen |date=March 2003 |title=Including Disabled People in Poverty Reduction Work: "Nothing About Us, Without Us" |journal=World Development |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=571–590 |doi=10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00218-8}}</ref> Kididdigar ta tabbatar da yanayin karfafa juna na nakasa da kuma matsayi na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, yana nuna cewa mutanen da ke da nakasa suna da damar zama matalauta kuma mutanen da ke talauci suna da damar samun nakasa. Shingen da aka gabatar ga waɗanda ke da nakasa na iya haifar da mutane da rashin samun damar samun mahimman albarkatun, kamar damar samun ilimi da aiki, don haka ya sa su fada cikin talauci. Hakazalika, talauci yana sanya mutane cikin haɗari mafi girma na samun nakasa saboda rashin kulawa da lafiya, abinci mai gina jiki, tsaftacewa, da kuma yanayin aiki mai aminci wanda matalauta ke ƙarƙashinsa. Masana sun tabbatar da cewa wannan sake zagayowar ta ci gaba ne musamman saboda rashin hukumomi da aka ba wa waɗanda ke zaune cikin talauci. Ƙananan zaɓuɓɓuka da ke akwai ga matalauta galibi suna buƙatar waɗannan mutane su sanya kansu cikin haɗari, saboda haka yana haifar da karuwa a cikin samun raunin da za a iya hanawa. Rayuwa cikin talauci kuma an nuna shi don rage damar mutum ga ayyukan kiwon lafiya na rigakafi, wanda ke haifar da karuwa a samun nakasassu masu yuwuwa. A cikin binciken da Oxfam ta yi, kungiyar ta gano cewa fiye da rabin lokuta na makanta na yara da raunin ji a Afirka da Asiya an dauke su da za a iya hanawa ko magani. Wani kimantawa da Oxfam ta fitar ya ba da ƙarin shaidar wannan mummunan da'irar. Sun gano cewa mutane miliyan 100 da ke cikin talauci suma suna da nakasa da aka samu saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki da rashin tsabtace muhalli.<ref name="Lee" /> === Nuna bambanci === Halin da ke tare da waɗannan halayen biyu yana haifar da mata masu nakasa don a ga su musamman sun dogara da wasu kuma suna aiki don kara kuskuren wannan yawan jama'a a matsayin mai nauyi. A cikin binciken da Oxfam ta yi, an nuna sakamakon zamantakewar al'umma na samun nakasa yayin da yake cikin yawan mutanen da aka riga aka ware, yana cewa, Bugu da ƙari, mata masu nakasa suna da saukin kamuwa da cin zarafi. Binciken Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2004 a Orissa, Indiya, ya gano cewa kowane mata da ke da nakasa a cikin samfurin su sun sami wani nau'i na cin zarafin jiki.<ref name="Fact Sheet">{{Cite journal |year=2012 |title=Fact sheet on persons with disabilities |url=http://www.un.org/disabilities/documents/toolaction/pwdfs.pdf |publisher=United Nations}}</ref> Wannan nuna bambanci sau biyu kuma ya zama ruwan dare a cikin kasashe masu masana'antu. A Amurka, alal misali, kashi 72 cikin dari na mata masu nakasa suna rayuwa a ƙasa da layin talauci. Ƙarin nuna bambanci ga mutanen da ke da nakasa na iya fuskantarwa saboda jima'i yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da cewa, a cewar Kungiyar hadin gwiwar tattalin arziki da ci gaba, mata suna ba da rahoton mafi yawan nakasa fiye da maza.<ref name="Fact Sheet" /> Bugu da ƙari, alaƙar da ke tsakanin nakasa da talauci tana da muhimmancin gaske ga mata na duniya, tare da mata da ke da kusan kashi 70 cikin 100 na duk mutanen da ke rayuwa cikin talauci. Har ila yau, nuna bambanci na ma'aikata ya wanzu saboda akwai manufofi da ke cikin kungiyoyi waɗanda ke haifar da rashin daidaito tsakanin mutum mai nakasa da wanda ba mai nakasa ba. Wasu daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi sun yi watsi da bukatun nakasassu kuma wasu suna tsoma baki a rayuwarsu a matsayin hanyar kula da zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barnes |first=Colin |year=1994 |title=Institutional discrimination, disabled people and inter professional care |journal=Journal of Interprofessional Care |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=203–212 |doi=10.3109/13561829409010420}}</ref> === Kula da lafiya === Wani dalili kuma wanda ya sa mutanen da ke zaune tare da nakasa galibi suna talauci shine tsadar kiwon lafiya da ke da alaƙa da bukatun su. Wani binciken, wanda aka gudanar a ƙauyuka a Kudancin Indiya, ya nuna cewa farashin shekara-shekara na magani da kayan aiki da ake buƙata ga mutanen da ke da nakasa a yankin ya kasance daga kwanaki uku na samun kudin shiga zuwa sama da shekaru biyu, tare da matsakaicin adadin da aka kashe akan muhimman ayyuka jimlar watanni uku na samun kuɗi. Wannan adadi ba ya la'akari da aikin da ba a biya ba na masu kulawa waɗanda dole ne su ba da taimako bayan waɗannan hanyoyin da kuma damar da ke haifar da asarar samun kudin shiga yayin rauni, tiyata, da farfadowa. Nazarin da masana kimiyyar ilimin ɗan adam na likita Benedicte Ingstad da Susan Reynolds Whyte suka bayar sun kuma nuna cewa samun damar kula da kiwon lafiya yana da rauni sosai lokacin da mutum ba shi da motsi. Sun ba da rahoton cewa ban da farashin kiwon lafiya kai tsaye da ke da alaƙa da nakasa, nauyin sufuri ya fi yawa ga waɗanda ke da nakasa. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman ga matalauta na karkara waɗanda ke da nisa daga birane yana buƙatar motsi mai yawa don samun sabis na kiwon lafiya. Saboda wadannan shingen, na tattalin arziki da na jiki, an kiyasta cewa kashi 2 cikin 100 na mutanen da ke da nakasa ne kawai ke da damar samun isasshen sabis na farfadowa. Rashin samun kulawa ta kiwon lafiya ga waɗanda ke zaune a cikin talauci yana da tasiri sosai a kan yawan nakasassu a cikin wannan yawan. Mutanen da ke zaune cikin talauci suna fuskantar haɗarin kiwon lafiya mafi girma kuma galibi ba sa iya samun magani mai kyau, wanda ke haifar da su da yiwuwar samun nakasa a cikin rayuwarsu.<ref name="Yeo" /> Ba kawai cikas na kudi ba ne wadanda ke rayuwa cikin talauci ke fuskanta. Bincike ya nuna cewa batutuwan da ba za a iya samun su ba, samuwa, da iyakokin al'adu duk suna ba da cikas ga samun kulawa mai kyau ga mutanen kasashe masu tasowa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Peters |first=David H. |last2=Garg |first2=Anu |last3=Bloom |first3=Gerry |last4=Walker |first4=Damian G. |last5=Brieger |first5=William R. |last6=Hafizur Rahman |first6=M. |date=25 July 2008 |title=Poverty and Access to Health Care in Developing Countries |journal=Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences |volume=1136 |issue=1 |pages=161–171 |bibcode=2008NYASA1136..161P |doi=10.1196/annals.1425.011 |pmid=17954679 |s2cid=24649523 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Cututtukan jima'i na musamman suna da lahani ga mata da ke rayuwa cikin talauci. [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] ta kiyasta cewa a kowace shekara mata miliyan 20 suna samun nakasa saboda rikitarwa yayin daukar ciki da haihuwa wanda za'a iya rage shi sosai tare da kulawa mai kyau kafin haihuwa, haihuwa, da kuma bayan haihuwa. === Shingen hukuma === Masu bincike sun tabbatar da cewa shingen ma'aikata suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin abin da ke faruwa na talauci a cikin waɗanda ke da nakasa. ==== Samun dama ==== Samun dama yanayin jiki na iya zama babban abin ƙayyadewa a cikin ikon mutum na samun damar samun nasara ko ma abinci na asali. Farfesa na tsara birane Rob Imrie ya kammala cewa yawancin sarari suna dauke da shingen jiki wanda ba da gangan ba ya haifar da " wariyar launin fata ta hanyar zane", inda aka cire mutane masu nakasa daga yankuna saboda yanayin da ba a iya isa waɗannan sarari.[1] Wasu sun ga wannan " wariyar launin fata", kamar Majalisar nakasassu ta Burtaniya, musamman game da sufuri na jama'a, ilimi da wuraren kiwon lafiya, kuma watakila mafi dacewa wuraren aiki.[2] Ana kuma samun shingen jiki a cikin gida, tare da waɗanda ke cikin talauci da za su iya zama wurare masu tsayi waɗanda ba za a iya isa ga keken guragu ba.[3] Baya ga samun damar jiki, wasu masu iya cirewa sun haɗa da rashin rubutun makafi, yaren kurame da ƙarancin samun tef ɗin sauti ga waɗanda makafi da kurame.[2] ==== Ilimi ==== Tushen rashin aikin yi ana zaton zai fara da nuna bambanci tun yana ƙarami. [[UNESCO]] ta ruwaito a shekarar 1995 cewa kashi 98 cikin 100 na yara masu nakasa a kasashe masu tasowa an hana su samun damar samun ilimi na yau da kullun. Wannan kididdigar ta fi damuwa ga mata masu nakasa, tare da Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya yana ba da rahoton cewa yawan karatun duniya ga wannan yawan jama'a yana da kashi 1 kawai.<ref name="Fact Sheet"/> Ana iya danganta wannan ga gaskiyar cewa, a cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, yara maza masu nakasa suna da damar samun ilimi fiye da 'yan mata masu irin wannan. Baya ga kawai ƙwarewar da aka samu, masana kamar tsohon mai ba da shawara ga Bankin Duniya [[Judith Heumann]] sun yi hasashen cewa darajar ilimi ta al'umma da rashin iyawar makarantu don karɓar yara masu buƙata na musamman suna ba da gudummawa sosai ga nuna bambanci ga waɗannan mutane.<ref name="Humanrights.gov"/> Rashin ilimi ga mutanen da ke da buƙatu na musamman bazai zama batun nuna bambanci kawai ba, amma batun albarkatu ne. Yara masu nakasa galibi suna buƙatar albarkatun [[Ilimi Na Musamman|ilimi na musamman]] da ayyukan koyarwa da ba a samu a kasashe masu tasowa ba. ==== Aiki ==== Wasu masana ilimin zamantakewa sun sami shingen aiki ga mutanen da ke da nakasa. Ana iya ganin waɗannan a cikin nuna bambanci ga ma'aikaci, shingen gine-gine a cikin wurin aiki, halayen da ba su dace ba game da ƙwarewa, da kuma mummunan martani na abokan ciniki. A cewar masanin ilimin zamantakewa Edward Hall, "Mafi yawan nakasassu ba su da aikin yi, a cikin ƙananan ayyuka, a kan ƙananan kudaden shiga, ko daga kasuwar ma'aikata gaba ɗaya, fiye da mutanen da ba su da nakasa. " Kungiyar Ma'aikata ta Duniya ta kiyasta cewa kusan mutane miliyan 386 na mutanen da ke aiki a duniya suna da wani nau'in nakasa, duk da haka, har zuwa kashi tamanin cikin dari na waɗannan masu aiki da nakasa ba su iya samun aiki.<ref name="Fact Sheet"/> Ga mata masu nakasa, yawan aiki ya fi ƙasa. Kididdigar ta nuna cewa mutanen da ke da nakasa a cikin masana'antu da kasashe masu tasowa gabaɗaya ba sa iya samun aiki na yau da kullun. A Indiya, 100,000 ne kawai daga cikin mutane miliyan 70 da ke da nakasa.<ref name="Fact Sheet" /> A Amurka, 14.3 daga cikin mutane miliyan 48.9 da ke da nakasa sun yi aiki, tare da kashi biyu bisa uku na wadanda ba su da aikin yi suna ba da rahoton cewa ba su iya samun aiki ba.<ref name="Fact Sheet" /> Hakazalika a Belgium, kashi 30 cikin 100 na mutanen da ke da nakasa ne kawai suka sami damar samun aiki mai fa'ida. A cikin Ƙasar Ingila, an gano kashi 45 cikin 100 na manya masu nakasa suna rayuwa a ƙasa da layin talauci. Bayanan da za a iya dogara da su game da rashin aikin yi ga mutanen da ke da nakasa har yanzu ba a tantance su ba a yawancin ƙasashe masu tasowa. Halin ya nuna cewa yawan aiki ga mutanen da ke da nakasa zai ci gaba da faduwa sai dai idan an magance shi da manufofi waɗanda ke la'akari da irin waɗannan abubuwan kamar ci gaban fasaha da [[Canjin yanayi]].<ref name="Future" />&nbsp;&nbsp; == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ci7xx7v7rfeeu15o8yu1gm6msmw8odl 0 153640 863373 843793 2026-06-21T17:22:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Mzima_Springs_Entrance.JPG|thumb|Alamar shigarwa a kan hanyar Mzima Springs]] '''Mzima Springs''' jerin [[Bazara (Ilimin Ruwa)|maɓuɓɓugar ruwa]] ne guda huɗu a cikin Tsavo National Park, [[Kenya]] . Suna a yamma wurin shakatawa, kusan kilomita 48 daga Mtito Andei . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mzima Springs |url=http://www.roughguides.com/website/travel/Destination/content/default.aspx?titleid=33&xid=idh655675872_0377 |access-date=2010-02-09 |publisher=Rough Guides }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tushen maɓuɓɓugar ruwa shine tafkin halitta a ƙarƙashin tsaunukan Chyulu zuwa arewa. Yankin Chyulu ya ƙunshi dutsen dutse da toka, wanda ya yi yawa don ba da damar koguna su gudana. Maimakon haka, ruwan sama yana gudana ta cikin dutse, kuma yana iya ciyar da shekaru 25 a karkashin kasa kafin ya fito kilomita 50 a Mzima. Tsarin tacewa na halitta yana haifar da sanannen rafi mai tsabta na Mzima, wanda ke gudana ta hanyar jerin tafkuna da rapids. Kusan kilomita biyu daga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, rafin ya toshe ta hanyar kwararar dutse kuma ya ɓace a ƙasa.&nbsp; Mzima yana daya daga cikin shahararrun wuraren jan hankali na Tsavo saboda yawan mazaunanta na Hippos da crocodiles na Nilu. Keɓewar Mzima ta sa jinsunan biyu su dogara da ruwan su: wasu tushe suna da nisa sosai don su isa ta hanyar tafiya ta ƙasa. Har ila yau, hippos suna kula da dukan jerin abinci. Suna bincika Savannah da ke kewaye da dare kuma suna komawa tafkin Mzima da rana, inda turaren su ke shayar da ruwa. Itacen 'ya'yan itace kamar dabino na date da raffia, waterberries da ɓaure suna girma a gefen ruwa, ta amfani da tushen su don shan abubuwan gina jiki. 'Ya'yan itacen su tushen abinci ne ga birai da tsuntsaye iri-iri. A ƙasa da saman ruwa, invertebrates waɗanda ke cin abinci a kan turaren hippo suna cinyewa da kifi da cormorants.<ref name="deeble">{{Cite web |title=''Mzima - Haunt of the Riverhorse'' script |url=http://www.deeblestone.com/film_info.php?filmId=2&typeId=5 |access-date=2010-02-09 |publisher=Deeble and Stone Films |archive-date=2011-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709005557/http://www.deeblestone.com/film_info.php?filmId=2&typeId=5 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Masu shirya fina-finai na namun daji Alan da [[Joan Root]] sun yi shahararrun maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a fim din Mzima: Portrait of a Spring, wanda ya nuna hotunan da ke karkashin ruwa na hippos da crocodiles.<ref>{{Cite web |title=''Mzima: Portrait of a Spring'' |url=http://www.wildfilmhistory.org/film/276/Mzima%3A+Portrait+of+a+Spring+.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011130645/http://www.wildfilmhistory.org/film/276/Mzima%3A+Portrait+of+a+Spring+.html |archive-date=October 11, 2008 |access-date=2010-02-09 |publisher=Wildfilmhistory.org}}</ref> Sun kuma kasance batun Survival Special Mzima: Haunt of the Riverhorse a cikin 2003, wanda ya nuna hoton farko na Kisan jarirai.<ref name="deeble"/> A shekara ta 2009, wani fari mai tsawo ya zama bala'i ga dabbobin daji na Mzima. An kori dabbobin da ke fama da yunwa zuwa maɓuɓɓugar ruwa na dindindin a cikin dubban su, suna kawo su cikin gasa tare da hippos mazauna. Yankin ciyawa da ke kewaye da maɓuɓɓugar ya zama hamada kuma hippos sun fara fama da yunwa. A watan Satumbar 2009, biyar ne kawai suka rage, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-09-29 |title=Hippos of Tsavo West, Kenya |url=http://www.bornfree.org.uk/animals/hippos/ |publisher=[[Born Free Foundation]]}}</ref> daga 70 a shekara ta 2003, kuma 'yan jarida sun ba da rahoton ganin gawawwakin da ke iyo a cikin tafkuna. <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|2|59|S|38|1.3|E}} == Tushen Ruwa na Tekun == Mzima Springs, Marere, da Tiwi a Kwale County sune sauran hanyoyin ruwa (bayan Baaricho wanda ke samar da lita miliyan 90 a kowace rana). Suna samar da 20,000 m3 a rana ga Voi, Mariakani, da Kudancin Kudancin.&nbsp; == Manazarta == byb4smtecg9qsas5je8hff4lqd8yefz 0 154234 863541 845409 2026-06-21T21:40:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nfiss''' (Arabic, Faransanci, Oued N'Fis, wanda kuma ake kira Wād Nafīs a cikin tsofaffin wallafe-wallafen) yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman masu ba da gudummawa ga [[Kogin Tensift|Tensift]] a kudu maso yammacin Morocco . Tsawonta kusan kilomita 183.<ref name="Sous">{{Cite web |title=Diagnostic Du Sous-Bassin de N'Fis |trans-title=Diagnosis of the N'Fis Sub-basin |url=http://conventiongire.lifemoz-dev.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/52/ftp/BVs/RapportsSousBVs/4%20Fiche%20sommaire%20FINAL%20draft%20Nfis_2016_06_08-AM-PB-cj.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226064337/http://conventiongire.lifemoz-dev.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/52/ftp/BVs/RapportsSousBVs/4%20Fiche%20sommaire%20FINAL%20draft%20Nfis_2016_06_08-AM-PB-cj.pdf |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |access-date=November 18, 2025 |language=fr}}</ref> == Yanayin ƙasa == Nfiss ya tashi a tsawo na kimanin {{Convert|2900|m|ft}} m (9,500 a gefen gabas na 3,350 m-high Jbel Tichka a cikin High Atlas. Da farko yana gudana zuwa gabas zuwa Tizi n'Tichka Pass kafin ya juya arewa kuma a ƙarshe ya kwarara cikin Tensift kusan kilomita 25 a yammacin [[Marrakesh]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-26 |title=The High Atlas Travel Guide |url=https://www.roughguides.com/morocco/high-atlas/ |access-date=November 18, 2025 |website=Rough Guides}}</ref> == Ilimin ruwa == An auna fitar da Nfiss a tashar I.E. Hammam (1966-1998) a cikin m3/s.<ref name="jica">{{Cite web |title=Etude du Plan Directeur Sur le Systeme de Prevision et D'alerte Aux Crues pour la Region de L'atlas au Royaume du Maroc |trans-title=Master Plan Study on the Flood Forecasting and Warning System for the Atlas Region in the Kingdom of Morocco |url=https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11750874_04.PDF |access-date=November 18, 2025 |language=fr}}</ref> == Amfani da shi == Nfiss, tare da tafkunan ruwa guda biyu da sauran barga da yawa, da farko suna samar da ruwan sha da ban ruwa ga birnin Marrakesh da ƙauyuka da ke kewaye. Tare da sau da yawa a saman bankunan, yawan mutanen [[Abzinawa|Berber]] na cikin gida suna iyakance aikin gona; kiwon dabbobi (tumaki da awaki) yana taka muhimmiyar rawa.<ref> {{Cite web |date=2024-03-10 |title=Lake Lalla Takerkoust: A Jewel at the Gates of Marrakech |url=https://immersi-travel.com/en/lake-lalla-takerkoust/ |access-date=November 18, 2025 |website=ImmersiTravel}} </ref> == Dams == * Dam din Lalla Takerkoust (kimanin kilomita 40 a kudancin Marrakesh) * Yacoub El Mansour Dam (kimanin kilomita 60 a kudancin Marrakesh kusa da Ouirgane) == Tarihi == A ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 da farkon ƙarni na 20, ƙabilar Berber Goundafa ce ke sarrafa kwarin Nfiss, waɗanda suka gina ɗakunan ajiya da yawa (kasbahs), gami da Agadir n'Gouf kusa da Ijoukak. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-10-20 |title=Morocco's Tin Mal Mosque and the Gandoufa Valley |url=https://moroccotravelblog.com/2012/10/20/moroccos-tin-mal-mosque-and-the-gandoufa-valley-your-morocco-tour-guide/ |access-date=November 18, 2025 |website=Morocco Travel Blog |archive-date=2021-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031133720/https://moroccotravelblog.com/2012/10/20/moroccos-tin-mal-mosque-and-the-gandoufa-valley-your-morocco-tour-guide/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Gidaje a kan kogi == * Tinmal * Ijoukak * Ouirgane * Lalla Takerkoust <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-04 |title=Ourigane Morocco's Untouched Berber Villages & Jewish Past |url=https://moroccotravelblog.com/2020/01/03/ourigane-moroccos-untouched-berber-villages-jewish-past/ |access-date=November 18, 2025 |website=Morocco Travel Blog}}</ref> == Abubuwan da ke da sha'awa == * Yankin dutse na saman Nfiss yana ba da abubuwan jan hankali da yawa. Daga Ijoukak, tafiye-tafiye na rana ko tafiye-tallace na kwana da yawa suna yiwuwa; Agadir n'Gouf yana tsaye a kan tudu sama da ƙauyen.<ref name=":0" /> * Ƙananan ƙauyen dutsen Berber na Tinmal, kimanin kilomita 6 zuwa kudu maso yamma, gida ne ga Masallaci Almohad wanda ke buɗewa ga baƙi marasa Musulmi. Ana iya isa ta da ƙafa (kimanin kilomita 1) daga hanyar R203 ta hanyar gada da ta lalace akai-akai ko gada. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Maroko]] swu8nt1oqx0tg5t9qfojunaoh2q0vwd 0 154257 863677 845457 2026-06-22T06:51:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863677 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Oued Zouzfana''' wani kogi ne mai saurin wucewa, ko Wadi, wanda ke gudana ta yankin Gabas a kudu maso gabashin Morocco da Lardin Bechar a kudu maso yammacin [[Aljeriya]].<ref name="Merzougui">{{Cite web |last=Merzougui |first=Touhami |title=L’eau dans l’oasis de Béni Abbés : un patrimoine essentiel (Vallée de la Saoura, Sud Ouest algérien) |url=http://www.naturevivante.org/documents/beni_abbes.pdf |access-date=21 February 2013 |publisher=Nature Vivante |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071904/http://www.naturevivante.org/documents/beni_abbes.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Hanyar da ake ciki == <gallery> Fayil:Vue_de_Taghit.jpg|Oued Zouzfana and village of Taghit Fayil:AG_006_large.jpg|Zouzfana wadi at Taghit </gallery>Oued Zouzfana ya samo asali ne daga tsaunukan Atlas a arewa garin Figuig, yana gudana kudu bayan Figuig da Béni Ounif, sannan ya juya kudu maso yamma ta Taghit kuma a ƙarshe zuwa Igli, inda ya haɗu da [[Oued Guir]] don samar da Oued Saoura . <ref name="Merzougui" /> Oued Zouzfana ya wuce ta hanyar jbel Sidi Youssef wanda ke kudu da Figuig. Mazaunan Figuig har yanzu suna noma dabino. Wani lokaci akwai ambaliyar ruwa na wannan kogi. Wannan sabon abu, idan za mu iya kiran shi haka; Mafi yawa saboda Oued Zouzfana ba koyaushe yake ɗaukar ruwa da yawa ba, yana faruwa ko da lokacin da babu ruwan sama a yankin, tunda dalilin ambaliyar yana da nisa da Figuig kuma kusa da gefen Gabas na Dutsen Atlas. == Manazarta == 3bxhvfcxg1re26g8t0wk4za58hl4ls8 0 154338 862992 845641 2026-06-21T13:05:00Z Engineer014 44591 862992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kwarin Al-arbaâ''' magudanar ruwa ce da ta samo asali daga tsaunukan Khachna kuma tana gudana ta yankunan Ouled Aissa da Sidi Daoud . Tana kwarara zuwa [[Bahar Rum|Tekun Bahar Rum]] a gabashin Djinet, tana ratsawa ta Lardin Boumerdès . == Bayani == Kwarin Al-arbaâ yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin ruwa a [[Ruwan ruwa|yankin gabashin magudanar ruwa]] na Djinet da kuma yankin yamma na Sidi Daoud a lardin Boumerdès . Wannan kwarin ruwa mai girman kilomita murabba'i 35 a cikin "Dutsen Al-Droa'a" na tsaunin Khachna . Magudanan ruwa da ke ciyar da wannan kogin suna gangarowa daga tsayin mita 550 a cikin ƙananan hukumomin Ouled Aissa da Sidi Daoud, suna ci gaba da kwarara ta cikin gundumar Djinet har zuwa Tekun Bahar Rum. Bakinta yana kan iyakar da ke tsakanin Sidi Daoud da Djinet . Wannan magudanar ruwa tana amfana daga maɓuɓɓugan tsaunuka da yawa, ban da ruwan sama da dusar ƙanƙara mai narkewa, waɗanda ke tattara ruwanta gaba ɗaya. Tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a Lardin Boumerdès, wacce [[Kogin Sebaou]] ke iyaka da gabas da Kogin Isser a yamma == Hanya == Manyan Labarai: Jerin kogunan Aljeriya da Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Ruwa da Muhalli Kwarin Al-arbaâ yana ratsawa ta lardin Aljeriya guda ɗaya da ke bakin teku, Boumerdès, wanda ke cikin tsaunukan Khachna. Ƙananan hukumomi a Boumerdès suna kan hanyar "Al-arbaâ Valley" Lambar Lardin Boumerdès 01 Ouled Aissa, Boumerdès 02 Sidi Daoud 03 Djinet Hanyoyi Kwarin Al-arbaâ yana haɗuwa da hanyoyi da dama a kan hanyarsa. Hanyoyi a cikin hanyar "Al-arbaâ Valley" Lambar Lardin Boumerdès 01 Hanyar Ƙasa 24 02 Hanyar Jiha 18 Gurbacewa Kwarin Al-arbaâ ba shi da tasiri sosai daga gurɓataccen ruwa saboda hanyarsa da ke wajen birni da gidaje na Sidi Daoud da kewayen Boudouaou. Duk da haka, zubar da shara, tarkace, da tarkace ba tare da la'akari ba ya rage girman yankin Kogin da ke wajen waɗannan garuruwan. Bugu da ƙari, fitar da ruwan shara daga ƙauyukan da ke kusa ya mayar da shi tushen ƙamshi mara daɗi da kwari masu cutarwa.[4] Ambaliyar Ruwa Kwarin Al-arbaâ yana fuskantar ambaliyar ruwa a lokacin damina saboda ruwan sama da ke kwarara daga manyan yankunan ƙananan hukumomin Ouled Aissa, Sidi Daoud, da Djinet. Waɗannan ambaliyar ruwa lokaci-lokaci suna nutsar da bakinsa kusa da gadar da ke kan titin ƙasa mai lamba 24. Babban abin da ke haifar da wannan ambaliyar ruwa shi ne toshe hanyar magudanar ruwan sama da ƙasa da duwatsu.[5][6] Don magance wannan batu, ana shirye-shirye don rage matsalar a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin da ake ci gaba da yi na faɗaɗawa da haɓaka hanyar ƙasa. Wannan ya haɗa da gina gada mai tsayi da tsayi don hana ruwan kogin ambaliya.[7] Madatsar Ruwa An gina madatsar ruwa ta Al-arbaâ Valley, wadda aka fi sani da Madatsar ruwa ta Sidi Daoud ko Madatsar ruwa ta Hamrouna, a kan hanyar kwarin Al-arbaâ don rage ambaliyar ruwa da ke shafar ƙauyen Sanouine a Sidi Daoud da ƙauyen Ouled Benoua a Djinet. An fara gina madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1973, kuma an kammala ginin madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1975 da karfin adanawa na mita cubic miliyan 3.7.[8][9] Babban manufarsa ita ce hana ambaliyar ruwa ta shafi wadannan kauyukan bakin teku da kuma gadar da ke kan titin kasa mai lamba 24. Baya ga kariyar ambaliyar ruwa, ana amfani da madatsar ruwan wajen kiwon kamun kifi tun daga watan Afrilun 2010. An shigar da nau'ikan kifaye kamar su azurfar carp da Redbreast tilapia a cikin madatsar ruwan, wanda kuma ke tallafawa ban ruwa na noma. Duk da haka, ruwan madatsar ruwan bai dace da sha ba, wanda hakan ya tilasta samar da ruwan sha ga yankunan tsaunuka da ke kewaye, ciki har da Ouled Aissa.[10][11] Yanayin ruwan da ke cikin madatsar ruwan ya sa yin iyo ba shi da aminci, kuma an samu hadurra saboda yanayin laka na bakin tekun.[12] Bayan kaddamar da madatsar ruwan a tsakiyar shekarun 1970, manoman yankin sun nuna kwarin gwiwa game da amfani da ruwansa don ban ruwa. Duk da haka, satar famfo da lalacewar bututun mai sun kawo cikas ga ƙoƙarin faɗaɗa noman kayan lambu a yankin, musamman a filayen Yesser da Dellys.[13][14] Duk da an tsara shi don ban ruwa sama da hekta 609, manoma sun dogara da ayyukan tankunan ruwa masu tsada don ci gaba da ayyukan noma.[15] An yi alƙawarin gyara kayayyakin more rayuwa na madatsar ruwan ta hanyar shigar da sabbin famfo da manyan bututun mai don haɓaka yawan amfani da ruwan da aka adana. Irin waɗannan gyare-gyare na iya haɓaka damar yawon buɗe ido na madatsar ruwan, idan aka yi la'akari da kusancinsa da wuraren shakatawa na halitta kamar dajin Boubrak da Dutsen Sidi Daoud, wanda ya kai mita 595.[16] Samar da madatsar ruwan ta rage ƙarfinta sosai, inda kusan rabin madatsar ruwan ya cika da laka tun daga 1978. Ana buƙatar aikin share datti don dawo da ƙarfin ajiyar ruwa. Kayayyakin more rayuwa da ake da su, gami da tsohon tashar canja wurin ruwa da tankunan ajiya guda biyu a ƙauyukan Sanouine da El-Aardj, suna ba da tushe don sake kunna ikon ban ruwa da sarrafa ruwa na madatsar ruwan.[17] ==manazarta== dhgm28w4auwm5f2rgugij9notgv8pt7 0 155027 863345 847646 2026-06-21T16:56:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863345 wikitext text/x-wiki Mutuwar jariri ita ce mutuwar jariri kafin ranar haihuwarsa ta farko.[1] Za'a iya bayyana faruwar Mutuwar jarirai a cikin yawan jama'a ta hanyar mutuwar jarirai (IMR), wanda shine Yawan mutuwar jarirai da ba su kai shekara guda ba a kowace haihuwa 1,000.<ref>https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/infantmortality.htm</ref>Hakazalika, Yawan Mutuwar yara, wanda aka fi sani da yawan mutuwar yara 'yan kasa da biyar, yana kwatanta yawan mutuwar yara har zuwa shekaru biyar.<ref>https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/under-five-mortality/</ref> Abubuwan da ke haifar da mace-macen jarirai sun hada da ciwon asphyxia, ciwon huhu, ciwon jarirai, gudawa, zazzabin cizon sauro, kyanda, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.womenandchildrenfirst.org.uk/infant-mortality-newborn-health |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2026-06-05 |archive-date=2019-12-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210053014/https://www.womenandchildrenfirst.org.uk/infant-mortality-newborn-health |url-status=dead }}</ref> matsalolin haihuwa na lokaci kamar rashin bayyanar da tayin, tsautsayi na cibi, ko tsawan lokaci<ref>http://www.webmd.com/baby/understanding-labor-delivery-complications-basics#3</ref>. Daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke hana mace-mace na jarirai ita ce shan taba a lokacin daukar ciki<ref>https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fjp.2016.119</ref>. Rashin kulawar haihuwa, shan barasa a lokacin daukar ciki, da shan miyagun ƙwayoyi su ma suna haifar da rikice-rikicen da ka iya haifar da mutuwar jarirai.<ref>https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/prevention.html</ref> [ba a kasa tantancewa] Yawancin abubuwan da ke faruwa suna haifar da yawan mace-macen jarirai, kamar matakin ilimin mace mai ciki, yanayin muhalli, kayan more rayuwa na siyasa, da matakin tallafin likita. Inganta tsaftar muhalli, samun tsaftataccen ruwan sha, rigakafin kamuwa da cututtuka, da sauran matakan kiwon lafiyar jama'a na iya taimakawa wajen rage yawan mace-macen jarirai. A cikin 1990, jarirai miliyan 8.8 da suka fi shekara guda sun mutu a duniya <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140324141053/http://www.who.int/gho/child_health/mortality/neonatal_infant_text/en/</ref> daga cikin mutuwar yara miliyan 12.6 a ƙarƙashin shekaru biyar. Fiye da kashi 60% na mutuwar yara 'yan kasa da biyar ana ganin za a iya gujewa tare da matakan farashi masu arha kamar ci gaba da shayarwa, allurar rigakafi, da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki. Adadin mace-mace na kasa da shekaru biyar a duniya a shekarar 1950 ya kai 22.5%, wanda ya sauka zuwa 4.5% a shekarar 2015. A cikin wannan lokacin, yawan mutuwar jarirai ya ragu daga mutuwar 65 ga kowace haihuwa 1,000 zuwa mutuwar 29 ga kowace 1,000.[4] A duniya, yara miliyan 5.4 sun mutu kafin ranar haihuwarsu ta biyar a shekarar 2017; zuwa 2021 wannan adadin ya ragu zuwa yara miliyan 5.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140324141053/http://www.who.int/gho/child_health/mortality/neonatal_infant_text/en/</ref> ==Rarrabuwa== Yawan mutuwar jarirai (IMR) shine yawan mutuwar kowane haihuwa 1,000 na yara a ƙarƙashin shekara guda. Adadin yankin da aka ba shi shine yawan yara da ke mutuwa a ƙarƙashin shekara guda, an raba su da yawan haihuwar da ke rayuwa a cikin shekara, ninka da 1,000. Hanyoyin mutuwar jarirai: Mutuwar haihuwa ita ce mutuwar jariri (makonni 22 daga ciki zuwa haihuwa) ko mutuwar jariri har zuwa mako guda bayan haihuwa. Mutuwar jarirai shine mutuwar da ke faruwa a cikin kwanaki 28 bayan haihuwa. Sau da yawa ana danganta mutuwar jarirai ga rashin isasshen damar samun kulawa ta asali, a lokacin daukar ciki da kuma bayan haihuwa. Wannan yana da asusun 40-60% na mutuwar jarirai a kasashe masu tasowa.<ref>https://zenodo.org/record/1259057</ref> Mutuwar jarirai ita ce mutuwar yara masu shekaru 29 zuwa shekara guda. Manyan masu ba da gudummawa ga mutuwar jarirai sune rashin abinci mai gina jiki, cututtukan cututtuka, matsalolin ciki, cutar mutuwar jarirai kwatsam,a matsaloli a cikin gida. ==Dalilan da suke Haifar== Dalilan mutuwar jarirai, ko abubuwan da ke haifar da mutuwa kai tsaye, sun bambanta da gudummawa ga IMR, kamar yadda abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawar ke haifar da haɗarin mutuwa, amma ba sa haifar da mutuwa tsaye. Shingen muhalli da zamantakewa wanda ke hana samun damar samun albarkatun kiwon lafiya na asali yana taimakawa wajen karuwar mutuwar jarirai, kashi 86% na mutuwar jarirai ta haifar da kamuwa da cuta, haihuwa da wuri, rikitarwa yayin haihuwa, asphyxia na haihuwa, da raunin haihuwa. Yawancin waɗannan abubuwan da ke haifar da su ana iya hana su tare da matakan farashi mai arha. Duk da yake kashi 99% na mutuwar jarirai yana faruwa a kasashe masu tasowa, mafi girman raguwar mutuwar jarirai ya faru ne a kasashe waɗanda suka riga sun sami ƙarancin mutuwar jarirai. A Amurka, tushen farko na hadarin mutuwar jarirai shine nauyin haihuwa na jarirai, tare da ƙananan nauyin haihuwa yana ƙara haɗarin;<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1052154</ref> abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙananan nauyin haihuwar sun haɗa da abubuwan zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, tunani, halayyar, da muhalli.<ref></ref> ==Manazarta== eoap25obe7lnjnimsgq8db7wqd8ioug 0 155087 863551 847777 2026-06-21T22:25:43Z Bembety 20498 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360253381|Eloghosa Osunde]]" 863551 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Eloghosa Osunde''' marubuci ne ɗan Najeriya da ke rubuta ƙagaggun labarai. Sun wallafa litattafai guda biyu—''Vagabonds!'' (2022) da ''Necessary Fiction'' (2025)—tare da gajerun labarai da dama. Ayyukan Osunde suna binciko jigogi kamar ainihin mutum (identity), kusancin alaƙar ɗan Adam da juna, da kuma ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam, ruhaniya, da [[Jima'i na ɗan adam|jima'i]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=C.J |first=Nelson |date=2025-08-13 |title=In 'Necessary Fiction,' Eloghosa Osunde Examines What It Means to Be Queer and Free in Nigeria |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/in-necessary-fiction-eloghosa-osunde-examines-what-it-means-to-be-queer-and-free-in-nigeria/799387 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.okayafrica.com/in-necessary-fiction-eloghosa-osunde-examines-what-it-means-to-be-queer-and-free-in-nigeria/799387 |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Okay Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da aiki == Osunde ta girma ne a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya kodayake sun fito ne daga Benin City . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson-Omodiagbe |first=Conrad |date=2022-05-13 |title=Eloghosa Osunde is Answering Fan Questions and Talking About Vagabonds! |url=https://www.zikoko.com/pop/eloghosa-osunde-is-answering-fan-questions-and-talking-about-vagabonds/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122431/https://www.zikoko.com/pop/eloghosa-osunde-is-answering-fan-questions-and-talking-about-vagabonds/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Zikoko! |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Sun koma Burtaniya suna da shekara 16. Sun yi karatun tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Nottingham . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Chukwudera |first=Michael Chiedoziem |date=2023-11-28 |title=The Overlapping Realisms of Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://opencountrymag.com/the-overlapping-realisms-of-eloghosa-osunde/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122430/https://opencountrymag.com/the-overlapping-realisms-of-eloghosa-osunde/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[Open Country Mag]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Osunde ya halarci bita daban-daban na rubuce-rubuce kuma yana da rubuce-daban na gajerun labaru, daga cikinsu, waɗanda suka bayyana a cikin The Paris Review,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020 |title=Good Boy by Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://www.theparisreview.org/fiction/7583/good-boy-eloghosa-osunde |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[The Paris Review]] |language=en |issn=0031-2037 |volume=Fall 2020 |issue=234}}</ref> ''Granta'', The Georgia Review, <ref>{{Cite web |last=LaClaire |first=Scott |date=2021-03-04 |title=After God, Fear Women - The Georgia Review |url=https://www.thegeorgiareview.com/posts/after-god-fear-women/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122431/https://www.thegeorgiareview.com/posts/after-god-fear-women/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Guernica'', da Literary Hub. An nuna ayyukansu na gani a cikin ''Vogue'', The New York Times, da Paper . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=African Literary Award 2023 {{!}} Event Categories {{!}} MoAD |url=https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=www.moadsf.org}}</ref> A cikin 2017, an ba su kyautar Miles Morland Writing Scholarship . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-12-05 |title=The 5 Winners of the 2017 Miles Morland Writing Scholarships |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2017/12/5-winners-2018-miles-morland-writing-scholarships/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122430/https://brittlepaper.com/2017/12/5-winners-2018-miles-morland-writing-scholarships/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[Brittle Paper]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-02 |title=Eloghosa Osunde - The Miles Morland Foundation |url=https://milesmorlandfoundation.com/eloghosa-osunde-2017/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |language=en-GB}}</ref> A cikin 2020, sun zama MacDowell Fellow . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://creativewritingmfa.info/rankings/EloghosaOsunde.html |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=creativewritingmfa.info}}</ref> Osunde ita ce alƙali na rukunin labaran 2021 na gasar rubuce-rubuce ta shekara-shekara ta Fugue Journal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://granta.com/contributor/eloghosa-osunde/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122433/https://granta.com/contributor/eloghosa-osunde/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Granta |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * An jera shi don Kyautar Writivism Short Story, 2017 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-02 |title=Eloghosa Osunde - The Miles Morland Foundation |url=https://milesmorlandfoundation.com/eloghosa-osunde-2017/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122430/https://milesmorlandfoundation.com/eloghosa-osunde-2017/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |language=en-GB}}</ref> * Kyautar Plimpton, 2021 don ɗan gajeren labarin "Good Boy" <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-12 |title=This Year's Prizewinners |url=https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2021/04/12/n-scott-momaday-will-receive-our-2021-hadada-award-eloghosa-osunde-wins-plimpton-prize/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[The Paris Review]] |language=en}}</ref> * American Society of Magazine Editors' National Magazine Awards, 2022 don "Bayan Allah, Tsoron Mata".<ref>{{Cite web |title=American Society of Magazine Editors announces finalists for 2022 National Magazine Awards |url=https://asme.memberclicks.net/american-society-of-magazine-editors-announces-finalists-for-2022-national-magazine-awards |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=asme.memberclicks.net}}</ref> * Zaɓin Editocin New York Times, 2022 * Kyautar Edmund White, 2023 * Wanda ya kammala gasar Gidan Tarihi na Afirka, 2023 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=African Literary Award 2023 {{!}} Event Categories {{!}} MoAD |url=https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=www.moadsf.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 "African Literary Award 2023 | Event Categories | MoAD"]. ''www.moadsf.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 Archived] from the original on 2026-06-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-06-05</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == * ''[[Vagabonds! (Littafi))|Masu yawo!]]'' (2022). Littattafan Riverhead {{ISBN|9780593330029}} * Labari mai mahimmanci (2025). Littattafan Riverhead {{ISBN|9780008708610}} == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] iuc5v3zq0lz4inu7bbwmhln061icpwz 863552 863551 2026-06-21T22:28:56Z Bembety 20498 #1Lib1RefNG 863552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Eloghosa Osunde | notable_works = [[Vagabonds!]] (2022)<br/> [[Necessary Fiction]] (2025) | occupation = Writer | alma_mater = [[University of Nottingham]]<br />[[New York Film Academy]] | website = {{URL|https://www.eloghosaosunde.com/}} }} '''Eloghosa Osunde''' marubuci ne ɗan Najeriya da ke rubuta ƙagaggun labarai. Sun wallafa litattafai guda biyu—''Vagabonds!'' (2022) da ''Necessary Fiction'' (2025)—tare da gajerun labarai da dama. Ayyukan Osunde suna binciko jigogi kamar ainihin mutum (identity), kusancin alaƙar ɗan Adam da juna, da kuma ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam, ruhaniya, da [[Jima'i na ɗan adam|jima'i]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=C.J |first=Nelson |date=2025-08-13 |title=In 'Necessary Fiction,' Eloghosa Osunde Examines What It Means to Be Queer and Free in Nigeria |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/in-necessary-fiction-eloghosa-osunde-examines-what-it-means-to-be-queer-and-free-in-nigeria/799387 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.okayafrica.com/in-necessary-fiction-eloghosa-osunde-examines-what-it-means-to-be-queer-and-free-in-nigeria/799387 |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Okay Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da aiki == Osunde ta girma ne a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya kodayake sun fito ne daga Benin City . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson-Omodiagbe |first=Conrad |date=2022-05-13 |title=Eloghosa Osunde is Answering Fan Questions and Talking About Vagabonds! |url=https://www.zikoko.com/pop/eloghosa-osunde-is-answering-fan-questions-and-talking-about-vagabonds/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122431/https://www.zikoko.com/pop/eloghosa-osunde-is-answering-fan-questions-and-talking-about-vagabonds/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Zikoko! |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Sun koma Burtaniya suna da shekara 16. Sun yi karatun tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Nottingham . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Chukwudera |first=Michael Chiedoziem |date=2023-11-28 |title=The Overlapping Realisms of Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://opencountrymag.com/the-overlapping-realisms-of-eloghosa-osunde/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122430/https://opencountrymag.com/the-overlapping-realisms-of-eloghosa-osunde/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[Open Country Mag]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Osunde ya halarci bita daban-daban na rubuce-rubuce kuma yana da rubuce-daban na gajerun labaru, daga cikinsu, waɗanda suka bayyana a cikin The Paris Review,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020 |title=Good Boy by Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://www.theparisreview.org/fiction/7583/good-boy-eloghosa-osunde |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[The Paris Review]] |language=en |issn=0031-2037 |volume=Fall 2020 |issue=234}}</ref> ''Granta'', The Georgia Review, <ref>{{Cite web |last=LaClaire |first=Scott |date=2021-03-04 |title=After God, Fear Women - The Georgia Review |url=https://www.thegeorgiareview.com/posts/after-god-fear-women/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122431/https://www.thegeorgiareview.com/posts/after-god-fear-women/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Guernica'', da Literary Hub. An nuna ayyukansu na gani a cikin ''Vogue'', The New York Times, da Paper . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=African Literary Award 2023 {{!}} Event Categories {{!}} MoAD |url=https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=www.moadsf.org}}</ref> A cikin 2017, an ba su kyautar Miles Morland Writing Scholarship . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2017-12-05 |title=The 5 Winners of the 2017 Miles Morland Writing Scholarships |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2017/12/5-winners-2018-miles-morland-writing-scholarships/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122430/https://brittlepaper.com/2017/12/5-winners-2018-miles-morland-writing-scholarships/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[Brittle Paper]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-02 |title=Eloghosa Osunde - The Miles Morland Foundation |url=https://milesmorlandfoundation.com/eloghosa-osunde-2017/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |language=en-GB}}</ref> A cikin 2020, sun zama MacDowell Fellow . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://creativewritingmfa.info/rankings/EloghosaOsunde.html |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=creativewritingmfa.info}}</ref> Osunde ita ce alƙali na rukunin labaran 2021 na gasar rubuce-rubuce ta shekara-shekara ta Fugue Journal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://granta.com/contributor/eloghosa-osunde/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122433/https://granta.com/contributor/eloghosa-osunde/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Granta |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> == Kyaututtuka == * An jera shi don Kyautar Writivism Short Story, 2017 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-02 |title=Eloghosa Osunde - The Miles Morland Foundation |url=https://milesmorlandfoundation.com/eloghosa-osunde-2017/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122430/https://milesmorlandfoundation.com/eloghosa-osunde-2017/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |language=en-GB}}</ref> * Kyautar Plimpton, 2021 don ɗan gajeren labarin "Good Boy" <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-12 |title=This Year's Prizewinners |url=https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2021/04/12/n-scott-momaday-will-receive-our-2021-hadada-award-eloghosa-osunde-wins-plimpton-prize/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[The Paris Review]] |language=en}}</ref> * American Society of Magazine Editors' National Magazine Awards, 2022 don "Bayan Allah, Tsoron Mata".<ref>{{Cite web |title=American Society of Magazine Editors announces finalists for 2022 National Magazine Awards |url=https://asme.memberclicks.net/american-society-of-magazine-editors-announces-finalists-for-2022-national-magazine-awards |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=asme.memberclicks.net}}</ref> * Zaɓin Editocin New York Times, 2022 * Kyautar Edmund White, 2023<ref name=":1" /> * Wanda ya kammala gasar Gidan Tarihi na Afirka, 2023 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=African Literary Award 2023 {{!}} Event Categories {{!}} MoAD |url=https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=www.moadsf.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 "African Literary Award 2023 | Event Categories | MoAD"]. ''www.moadsf.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 Archived] from the original on 2026-06-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-06-05</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == * ''[[Vagabonds! (Littafi))|Masu yawo!]]'' (2022). Littattafan Riverhead {{ISBN|9780593330029}} * Labari mai mahimmanci (2025). Littattafan Riverhead {{ISBN|9780008708610}} == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 3s8a92kovqz7w0ben52iy811odar6lr 863554 863552 2026-06-21T22:29:34Z Bembety 20498 /* Rayuwa ta farko da aiki */ #1Lib1RefNG 863554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Eloghosa Osunde | notable_works = [[Vagabonds!]] (2022)<br/> [[Necessary Fiction]] (2025) | occupation = Writer | alma_mater = [[University of Nottingham]]<br />[[New York Film Academy]] | website = {{URL|https://www.eloghosaosunde.com/}} }} '''Eloghosa Osunde''' marubuci ne ɗan Najeriya da ke rubuta ƙagaggun labarai. Sun wallafa litattafai guda biyu—''Vagabonds!'' (2022) da ''Necessary Fiction'' (2025)—tare da gajerun labarai da dama. Ayyukan Osunde suna binciko jigogi kamar ainihin mutum (identity), kusancin alaƙar ɗan Adam da juna, da kuma ilimin halayyar ɗan Adam, ruhaniya, da [[Jima'i na ɗan adam|jima'i]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=C.J |first=Nelson |date=2025-08-13 |title=In 'Necessary Fiction,' Eloghosa Osunde Examines What It Means to Be Queer and Free in Nigeria |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/in-necessary-fiction-eloghosa-osunde-examines-what-it-means-to-be-queer-and-free-in-nigeria/799387 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.okayafrica.com/in-necessary-fiction-eloghosa-osunde-examines-what-it-means-to-be-queer-and-free-in-nigeria/799387 |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Okay Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da aiki == Osunde ta girma ne a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya kodayake sun fito ne daga Benin City . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson-Omodiagbe |first=Conrad |date=2022-05-13 |title=Eloghosa Osunde is Answering Fan Questions and Talking About Vagabonds! |url=https://www.zikoko.com/pop/eloghosa-osunde-is-answering-fan-questions-and-talking-about-vagabonds/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122431/https://www.zikoko.com/pop/eloghosa-osunde-is-answering-fan-questions-and-talking-about-vagabonds/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Zikoko! |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Sun koma Burtaniya suna da shekara 16. Sun yi karatun tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Nottingham . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Chukwudera |first=Michael Chiedoziem |date=2023-11-28 |title=The Overlapping Realisms of Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://opencountrymag.com/the-overlapping-realisms-of-eloghosa-osunde/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122430/https://opencountrymag.com/the-overlapping-realisms-of-eloghosa-osunde/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[Open Country Mag]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Osunde ya halarci bita daban-daban na rubuce-rubuce kuma yana da rubuce-daban na gajerun labaru, daga cikinsu, waɗanda suka bayyana a cikin The Paris Review,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020 |title=Good Boy by Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://www.theparisreview.org/fiction/7583/good-boy-eloghosa-osunde |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[The Paris Review]] |language=en |issn=0031-2037 |volume=Fall 2020 |issue=234}}</ref> ''Granta'', The Georgia Review, <ref>{{Cite web |last=LaClaire |first=Scott |date=2021-03-04 |title=After God, Fear Women - The Georgia Review |url=https://www.thegeorgiareview.com/posts/after-god-fear-women/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122431/https://www.thegeorgiareview.com/posts/after-god-fear-women/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Guernica'', da Literary Hub. An nuna ayyukansu na gani a cikin ''Vogue'', The New York Times, da Paper . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=African Literary Award 2023 {{!}} Event Categories {{!}} MoAD |url=https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=www.moadsf.org}}</ref> A cikin 2017, an ba su kyautar Miles Morland Writing Scholarship . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2017-12-05 |title=The 5 Winners of the 2017 Miles Morland Writing Scholarships |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2017/12/5-winners-2018-miles-morland-writing-scholarships/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122430/https://brittlepaper.com/2017/12/5-winners-2018-miles-morland-writing-scholarships/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[Brittle Paper]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-02 |title=Eloghosa Osunde - The Miles Morland Foundation |url=https://milesmorlandfoundation.com/eloghosa-osunde-2017/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |language=en-GB}}</ref> A cikin 2020, sun zama MacDowell Fellow . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://creativewritingmfa.info/rankings/EloghosaOsunde.html |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=creativewritingmfa.info}}</ref> Osunde ita ce alƙali na rukunin labaran 2021 na gasar rubuce-rubuce ta shekara-shekara ta Fugue Journal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eloghosa Osunde |url=https://granta.com/contributor/eloghosa-osunde/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122433/https://granta.com/contributor/eloghosa-osunde/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Granta |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> == Kyaututtuka == * An jera shi don Kyautar Writivism Short Story, 2017 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-02 |title=Eloghosa Osunde - The Miles Morland Foundation |url=https://milesmorlandfoundation.com/eloghosa-osunde-2017/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122430/https://milesmorlandfoundation.com/eloghosa-osunde-2017/ |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |language=en-GB}}</ref> * Kyautar Plimpton, 2021 don ɗan gajeren labarin "Good Boy" <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-12 |title=This Year's Prizewinners |url=https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2021/04/12/n-scott-momaday-will-receive-our-2021-hadada-award-eloghosa-osunde-wins-plimpton-prize/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=[[The Paris Review]] |language=en}}</ref> * American Society of Magazine Editors' National Magazine Awards, 2022 don "Bayan Allah, Tsoron Mata".<ref>{{Cite web |title=American Society of Magazine Editors announces finalists for 2022 National Magazine Awards |url=https://asme.memberclicks.net/american-society-of-magazine-editors-announces-finalists-for-2022-national-magazine-awards |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=asme.memberclicks.net}}</ref> * Zaɓin Editocin New York Times, 2022<ref name=":1" /> * Kyautar Edmund White, 2023<ref name=":1" /> * Wanda ya kammala gasar Gidan Tarihi na Afirka, 2023 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=African Literary Award 2023 {{!}} Event Categories {{!}} MoAD |url=https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 |archive-date=2026-06-05 |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=www.moadsf.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 "African Literary Award 2023 | Event Categories | MoAD"]. ''www.moadsf.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20260605122429/https://www.moadsf.org/programs-residencies-awards/african-literary-award-2023 Archived] from the original on 2026-06-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2026-06-05</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == * ''[[Vagabonds! (Littafi))|Masu yawo!]]'' (2022). Littattafan Riverhead {{ISBN|9780593330029}} * Labari mai mahimmanci (2025). Littattafan Riverhead {{ISBN|9780008708610}} == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 9f4u3r53mg1ss8nwx4n1j2jn5nnxuwl 0 155416 863462 849275 2026-06-21T19:40:16Z Engineer014 44591 863462 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Highveld Alluvial Vegetation (code na al'ada: '''AZa 5''') wani nau'in tsire-tsire ne na azonal da aka tsara a Afirka ta Kudu, wanda Cibiyar Nazarin Biodiversity ta Afirka ta Kudu (SANBI) ta rarraba kuma ta tsara shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na Taswirar Shuke-shuke ta Kasa. Yana faruwa a cikin Highveld / Vaal River catchment na lardin Arewa maso Yamma da yankunan da ke kewaye da shi, yana samar da tsarin [[Filin Ambaliyar|ambaliyar ruwa]] mai zurfi tare da layin magudanar ruwa da ruwa ke motsawa. == Rarraba da matsayi == Highveld Alluvial Vegetation yana ɗauke da lambar hukuma '''AZa 5''' a cikin Taswirar Shuke-shuke ta Afirka ta Kudu (NVM). Yana cikin ƙungiyar tsire-tsire na azonal, saiti na nau'ikan yanayin halittu waɗanda halayensu aka ƙayyade da farko ta hanyar ruwa da hanyoyin ruwa maimakon ta hanyar yanayin yanki ko ilimin ƙasa wanda ke mulkin nau'ikan tsire-shuke da ke kewaye da su.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Desmet |first=Philip G. |last2=Hawley |first2=Greer |last3=Dayaram |first3=Anisha |last4=Power |first4=R. John |last5=Heydenrych |first5=Reuben |last6=Dzerefos |first6=Catherine M. |last7=Schaller |first7=Ray |last8=Hah |first8=Norbert |last9=Job |first9=Nancy |date=11 October 2024 |title=Revision of the North West province, South Africa, vegetation map |url=http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0006-82412024000100010&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en |journal=African Biodiversity & Conservation |language=en |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=1–62 |doi=10.38201/btha.abc.v54.10 |doi-broken-date=2 June 2026 |issn=0006-8241}}</ref> Mucina da Rutherford ne suka fara buga NVM a shekara ta 2006 kuma an sabunta shi a shekara ta 2009, 2012, 2018, da 2024. <ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-04 |title=The VEGMAP Project, the National Vegetation Map and National Vegetation Database - SANBI |url=https://www.sanbi.org/biodiversity/foundations/national-vegetation-map/ |access-date=2026-05-19 |language=en-US}}</ref> Sakamakon beta na 2024 ya haɗa da sake fasalin iyaka don lardin Arewa maso Yamma, wanda AZa 5 yana ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan azonal guda uku.<ref name=":0" /> == Yankin rarraba da girman == [[Fayil:Karee_(Searsia_lancea)_IUCN_range_2018.svg|right|thumb|Taswirar rarraba ta IUCN 2018 na ''Searsia lancea'', yana tabbatar da faruwarsa a fadin yankin Highveld da Vaal River. (CC BY 4.0) ]] AZa 5 Highveld Alluvial Vegetation ya rufe manyan tsarin ambaliyar ciyawa a lardin Arewa maso Yamma, da farko a cikin Highveld / Vaal River. Wadannan tsarin kogi sun kai kusan hekta 250,000 a lardin kadai kuma galibi suna da alaƙa da makwabciyar ƙasar Gh 14 Western Highveld Sandy Grassland . <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Desmet |first=Philip G. |last2=Hawley |first2=Greer |last3=Dayaram |first3=Anisha |last4=Power |first4=R. John |last5=Heydenrych |first5=Reuben |last6=Dzerefos |first6=Catherine M. |last7=Schaller |first7=Ray |last8=Hah |first8=Norbert |last9=Job |first9=Nancy |date=11 October 2024 |title=Revision of the North West province, South Africa, vegetation map |url=http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0006-82412024000100010&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en |journal=African Biodiversity & Conservation |language=en |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=1–62 |doi=10.38201/btha.abc.v54.10 |doi-broken-date=2 June 2026 |issn=0006-8241}}</ref> Dangane da taswirar taswirar, taswirar shuke-shuke da aka sake sabuntawa ta 2023 ta rubuta nau'in a hekta 424,274, karuwa mai yawa daga hekta 175,789 da aka tsara a cikin sigar ƙasa ta 2018, wanda ke nuna ingantaccen ƙudurin taswirar iyaka maimakon duk wani canji a cikin ra'ayin nau'in shuke- shuke-huke da kansa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=11 October 2024 |title=Revision of the North West province, South Africa, vegetation map |url=https://scielo.org.za/pdf/babc/v54n1/10.pdf}}</ref> Kogin Mooi a saman madatsar ruwan Klerkskraal yana wakiltar abin da masu bincike suka bayyana a matsayin mafi girma kuma mafi kyawun tsarin kogin mesic a yammacin Highveld, wanda aka tsara a matsayin AZa 5 a cikin taswirar lardin da aka sake sabuntawa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Desmet |first=Philip G. |last2=Hawley |first2=Greer |last3=Dayaram |first3=Anisha |last4=Power |first4=R. John |last5=Heydenrych |first5=Reuben |last6=Dzerefos |first6=Catherine M. |last7=Schaller |first7=Ray |last8=Hah |first8=Norbert |last9=Job |first9=Nancy |date=11 October 2024 |title=Revision of the North West province, South Africa, vegetation map |url=http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0006-82412024000100010&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en |journal=African Biodiversity & Conservation |language=en |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=1–62 |doi=10.38201/btha.abc.v54.10 |doi-broken-date=2 June 2026 |issn=0006-8241}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDesmetHawleyDayaramPower2024">Desmet, Philip G.; Hawley, Greer; Dayaram, Anisha; Power, R. John; Heydenrych, Reuben; Dzerefos, Catherine M.; Schaller, Ray; Hah, Norbert; Job, Nancy (11 October 2024). [http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0006-82412024000100010&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en "Revision of the North West province, South Africa, vegetation map"]. ''African Biodiversity & Conservation''. '''54''' (1): <span class="nowrap">1–</span>62. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.38201/btha.abc.v54.10|10.38201/btha.abc.v54.10]] (inactive 2 June 2026). [[ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-8241 0006-8241].</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Samfuri:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of June 2026 ([[:Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of June 2026|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of June 2026]]</ref> == Halayen jiki == Tsarin kogi na Highveld Alluvial Vegetation yana da siffofi masu yawa na jiki. Ana nuna su ta hanyar kasancewar calcrete na ƙasa, rashin tashoshin kogi da aka ƙayyade sosai, da kuma haɗin kai tare da cibiyoyin sadarwar pans da aka fassara a matsayin alamun tashoshin palaeo-river (an tsara pans da kansu daban kamar AZi 10 Highveld Salt Pans a cikin taswirar ciyayi ta ƙasa). <ref name=":2" /> Yankin yafi kwance zuwa mai laushi. Shuke-shuke suna faruwa a cikin Highveld / Vaal River catchment, wani yanki mai faɗi a tsaunuka waɗanda ke karɓar ruwan sama na rani daga kusan 800 mm a kowace shekara a kan iyakar gabashin tare da Gauteng zuwa ƙasa da yamma.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=11 October 2024 |title=Revision of the North West province, South Africa, vegetation map |url=https://scielo.org.za/pdf/babc/v54n1/10.pdf}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://scielo.org.za/pdf/babc/v54n1/10.pdf "Revision of the North West province, South Africa, vegetation map"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 11 October 2024.</cite></ref> Flora da rinjaye nau'in Searsia lancea, itacen karee, yana nuna halayen sa mai faɗuwa da ganyen trifoliate. Ita ce mafi girman nau'in bishiyar Highveld Alluvial Vegetation. (CC0) Mafi kyawun tsire-tsire na Highveld Alluvial Vegetation shine itacen Searsia lancea, wanda ke nuna rinjaye guda ɗaya a cikin waɗannan tsarin mura.[4] Searsia lancea, wanda aka fi sani da karee a Turanci da Afrikaans, bishiya ce da ba ta dawwama, mai sanyi da juriya da fari wacce za ta iya kaiwa tsayin mita 7 tare da shimfida mai fadi iri daya[5]. Yana girma ta dabi'a tare da layukan magudanar ruwa, koguna da koguna kuma galibi ana samunsa akan ciyayi mai arzikin lemun tsami, yanayin da ya yi daidai da ƙasa mai ɗauke da calcrete na ciyayi na Highveld Alluvial.[5] Wannan nau'in na dangin Anacardiaceae ne kuma ganyayensa masu siffa mai siffar lance suna ba shi siffa mai kama da willow.[5] A lardin Arewa maso Yamma, AZa 5 na daya daga cikin nau'ikan azonal guda uku, kowannensu yana da alaka da babban kogi da magudanar ruwa. Yana faruwa a cikin magudanar ruwan Highveld/Vaal, tare da Dausayin Ruwan Ruwa na Gabas (AzF3).[1] Matsayin muhalli da tsarin muhalli masu alaƙa Filin ambaliya na yanayi na Kgomo-Kgomo a gabashin Lardin Arewa maso Yamma, wani tsari mai tsayin daka mai nau'in taswira kamar AZa 5 a Taswirar Tsirrai na Kasa. (CC BY-SA 4.0, Maans Booysen) Highveld Alluvial Vegetation an rarraba shi azaman nau'in ciyayi na azonal, ma'ana faruwarsa ba'a keɓance shi ga wani yanki na biome ko yanayi ɗaya ba amma a maimakon haka an ƙaddara shi ne ta hanyar yanayin yanayin yanayin yanayi, musamman abin da ke faruwa na lokaci-lokaci na ruwa da ƙasa mai cike da ruwa.[4]. A lardin Arewa maso Yamma, AZa 5 na daya daga cikin nau'ikan azonal guda uku, kowannensu yana da alaka da babban kogi da magudanar ruwa. Yana faruwa a cikin magudanar ruwan Highveld/Vaal, tare da Dausayin Ruwan Ruwa na Gabas (AzF3).[1] Nau'in ciyayi kuma ya haɗa da hanyoyin sadarwa na kwanon rufi na yanayi waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin magudanar ruwa na palaeo. Waɗannan fasalulluka na kwanon suna goyan bayan wani yanayi na musamman amma mai alaƙa (AZi 10 Highveld Salt Pans) galibi ana yin taswira tare da AZa 5.[4] A cikin taswirar lardin Arewa maso Yamma da aka yi wa kwaskwarima na shekara ta 2023, an karu da yawa daga kadada 198,000 (2%) zuwa hekta 618,000 (6%) na lardin, inda AZa 5 ke da mafi girman kaso na wannan fadada.[4] Muhimmancin kiyayewa da barazana Highveld Alluvial ciyayi an gane shi azaman nau'in bada garantin haɓaka kulawar kiyayewa. Masu bincike sun gano magudanar ruwa na Mooi, wanda aka zana a matsayin AZa 5, a matsayin ainihin wuri na ƙarshe da ya rage a yankin yammacin Highveld, yana kira da a fi mayar da hankali ga kiyayewa.[1] Ƙasar ciyawa gaba ɗaya (wanda aka haɗa nau'ikan alluvial da yawa a cikinta) yana cikin mafi barazanar Afirka ta Kudu, tare da kimantawar kimar halittu ta ƙasa 2025 cewa 24 daga cikin 73 na nau'ikan halittun Grassland (33%) an rarraba su azaman barazanar ƙarƙashin IUCN Red List of Ecosystems framework. Barazana ga Tsire-tsire na Tsire-tsire sun haɗa da jujjuyawar gonakin noma, faɗaɗa ƙauyukan birni da ƙauyuka, da gurɓacewar ƙasa mai alaƙa. Masu bincike sun lura da cewa wadannan halittun da ke fadin lardin "suna da matukar tasiri ta hanyar bazuwar matsugunan birane da kauyuka" da kuma cewa wasu yankunan "suna matukar bukatar aikin kiyayewa, da kuma gyara wuraren damina"[4]. Matsayi a cikin tsare-tsare da dokoki Taswirar ciyayi na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda a cikinsa aka rarraba Highveld Alluvial Vegetation, yana aiki a matsayin tushen tushen bayanan ƙasar don tsara yanayin yanayin ƙasa. Yana bayar da abin da SANBI ya bayyana a matsayin "tattarar sararin samaniya wanda ke wakiltar nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu a duk faɗin ƙasar", da kuma rukunin gudanarwa masu dacewa da muhalli don tsara muhalli da yanke shawara.[1] Ko da yake NVM ba ta ba da umarni kai tsaye bisa doka ba, ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin tushen tushen ɗimbin halittu na Afirka ta Kudu tare da mahimman ayyukan majalisa, sanar da taswirorin Yankin Rarraba Mahimmanci, dabarun faɗaɗa yanki mai kariya, da kimanta tasirin muhalli.[1] Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Gudanar da Muhalli na Ƙasa: Dokar Halittar Halittu (NEM: BA), nazarin halittu ta hanyar amfani da taswirar ciyayi a matsayin tushen tarihi yana ƙayyade irin nau'in halittun da aka jera a matsayin barazana kuma suna buƙatar kariya.[7] ==manazarta== k9s1nrct6m8vcu9s8dydzrond7pf5zz 0 155945 863423 851660 2026-06-21T18:42:48Z Engineer014 44591 863423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aldabra''', tsibirin murjani na biyu mafi girma a duniya (mafi girma shine Kiritimati), yana gabashin nahiyar Afirka. Yana daga cikin tsibirin Aldabra Group a cikin [[Tekun Indiya]] waɗanda suke daga cikin [[Tsibirin|tsibirai]] na waje na [[Seychelles]], tare da nisan kilomita 1,120 (700 mi) kudu maso yammacin babban birnin, [[Biktoriya|Victoria]] a tsibirin [[Mahé]] . Da farko ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa na Larabawa ne suka sanya masa suna saboda mummunan yanayi, Aldabra ya zama mulkin mallaka na Faransa a karni na 18, wanda ya haifar da amfani da albarkatun kasa, musamman manyan turtles. Bayan ya wuce ta hannun Burtaniya, Aldabra ya fuskanci yiwuwar amfani da soja a cikin shekarun 1960, amma zanga-zangar kasa da kasa ta haifar da kariya. Atoll din yana da yanayin ƙasa na musamman, wanda ke nuna mafi girman murfin murjani a duniya da kuma babban tafki mai zurfi. Tarihin Aldabra ya shafi tasirin ɗan adam, gami da kasuwancin noma da ya gaza.&nbsp;&nbsp; Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, kokarin kiyayewa ya karu, wanda ya haifar da hada shi a cikin Yankin Tekun Indiya na Burtaniya da kuma samun 'yancin kai ga Seychelles. Bayan zanga-zangar kasa da kasa da masana kimiyya suka yi da aka sani da 'Aldabra Affair', Royal Society na London kuma daga baya Gidauniyar Tsibirin Seychelles ta gudanar da bincike, wanda ya haifar da sanarwar Aldabra a matsayin [[Muhimman Guraren Tarihi na Duniya|Gidan Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO]] a 1982. Tsire-tsire da dabbobi na tsibirin, musamman manyan turtles, sun ƙunshi 'abin mamaki na muhalli', tare da Aldabra yana aiki a matsayin wuri mai mahimmanci na kiwo ga nau'o'i daban-daban. Kalubale na kiyayewa, kamar nau'ikan mamayewa da [[Gurbacewar Robobi|gurɓataccen filastik]], suna ci gaba, amma matakan kariya, gami da sanya UNESCO, suna jaddada muhimmancin Aldabra a matsayin wurin bincike na kimiyya mai mahimmanci. Aldabra tana karɓar iyakantaccen yawon shakatawa don kare yanayin halittu mai mahimmanci kuma ana iya samun sa da farko ta hanyar jagorantar yawon shakataw. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Aldabra_Atoll-108990.jpg|left|thumb|Aldabra Atoll (Seychelles) ]] Sunan Aldabra, asalin Al-Hadra ko Al-Khadra (Taron da bambance-bambance da yawa), 'yan jirgin ruwa na [[Larabawa]] ne suka ba shi don "tsananin yanayi na tsibirin"; an haɗa wannan sunan a cikin taswirar [[Portugal|Portuguese]] na karni na 16. <ref name="Hadra">{{Cite web |last=Anthony Cheke |title=Timing of arrival of humans and their commensal animals on the western Indian Ocean oceanic islands |url=https://islandbiodiversity.com/Phelsuma%2018-2.pdf |access-date=9 March 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Aldabra Atoll: Aldabra Group |url=http://www.seychelles.travel/en/discover/the-islands/outer-islands/74-discover/the-islands/outer-islands/3004-aldabra-atoll |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006090206/http://www.seychelles.travel/en/discover/the-islands/outer-islands/74-discover/the-islands/outer-islands/3004-aldabra-atoll |archive-date=6 October 2021 |access-date=25 March 2016 |publisher=Tourism Department of Seychelles}}</ref> Tsibirin sun riga sun san [[Iran|Farisawa]] da [[Larabawa]], daga waɗanda suka sami sunansu. Sun ba da sunan Tekun Indiya a matsayin Bahr-el zanj . {{Sfn|MairBeckley|2012}} Masu tafiyar da jirgin ruwa na Portugal sun ziyarce shi a cikin shekara ta 1511. A tsakiyar karni na 18, tsibirin ya zama abin dogaro da Mulkin mallaka na Faransa na Réunion, daga inda aka yi balaguro don kama manyan tururuwan Aldabra.<ref name="Unesco">{{Cite web |title=Aldabra Atoll |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/185 |access-date=23 March 2013 |publisher=Unesco}}</ref> Kamar yadda babu maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai laushi a kan Aldabra, abubuwan da masu binciken suka fi so (babu wata hujja game da ziyarar kowane mai binciken Turai kafin 1742) kawai don amfani da nau'in tururuwa, tururuwa da kifi, kuma kada su zauna a tsibirin.<ref name="Hadra">{{Cite web |last=Anthony Cheke |title=Timing of arrival of humans and their commensal animals on the western Indian Ocean oceanic islands |url=https://islandbiodiversity.com/Phelsuma%2018-2.pdf |access-date=9 March 2026}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAnthony_Cheke">Anthony Cheke. </cite></ref> A cikin 1810, Taron da [[Moris|Mauritius]], Réunion, [[Seychelles]] da sauran tsibirai, Aldabra ya shiga hannun Biritaniya. Daga baya aka mayar da Réunion zuwa [[Faransa]], kuma Mauritius ta sami mallakar Aldabra da sauran Seychelles. Mazaunan da suka gabata sun kasance masu ƙaura daga Seychelles. Admiral W. J. L. Wharton<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwZg">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwZw">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki> na Sojojin Ruwa na Burtaniya ya sauka a Aldabra a 1878 don gudanar da binciken ruwa na tsibirin. A shekara ta 1888, an kafa sulhu na farko bayan hukumomin Seychelles sun ba da izinin.<ref name="Hadra">{{Cite web |last=Anthony Cheke |title=Timing of arrival of humans and their commensal animals on the western Indian Ocean oceanic islands |url=https://islandbiodiversity.com/Phelsuma%2018-2.pdf |access-date=9 March 2026}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAnthony_Cheke">Anthony Cheke. </cite></ref>{{Sfn|MairBeckley|2012}} Manufar ita ce ta yi amfani da fitar da albarkatun kasa na tsibirin. Mazauna ƙauyen sun gina ɗakin sujada, a tsakiyar itatuwan badamier, ta amfani da katako da ƙarfe; an ɗauki ɗakin sujada a matsayin muhimmiyar ƙari ga gidajen shuka da gine-ginen ofis. Kamar yadda Aldabra ba ta da albarkatun ruwa mai laushi, an gina manyan gine-ginen ajiyar ruwa masu kama da rectangular kusa da kowane gini. An kuma gina kurkuku mai ɗakuna biyu a ƙauyen, wanda ya rage. Amfani da turtles don dalilai na kasuwanci a wannan lokacin an kwatanta shi da ragowar ma'adinai a [[Tsibirin Picard]], wanda aka yi amfani da shi don murkushe ƙasusuwan turtles, waɗanda aka kawo su daga wasu tsibirai a cikin tsibirin. Kokarin da aka yi don shuka amfanin gona na kwakwa, auduga, da sisal sun gaza saboda rashin isasshen maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a tsibirin; har yanzu ana samun kayan waɗannan shuke-shuke a wasu tsibirai.{{Sfn|MairBeckley|2012}} A ƙarshen karni na 19, an gabatar da [[Akwiya|awaki]] a matsayin tushen abinci ga mazauna ƙauyen (kimanin 200) da ke zaune a can. An gabatar da berayen jirgin ruwa ba tare da saninsa ba kuma an rubuta su kafin 1870, kuma an lura da geckos na gida daga shekarun 1970s.<ref name="Hadra">{{Cite web |last=Anthony Cheke |title=Timing of arrival of humans and their commensal animals on the western Indian Ocean oceanic islands |url=https://islandbiodiversity.com/Phelsuma%2018-2.pdf |access-date=9 March 2026}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAnthony_Cheke">Anthony Cheke. </cite></ref> Masu aikin jirgin ruwa sun sauka a tsibirin a karni na 19 kuma sun kama tururuwa a matsayin abinci; a cikin 1842, an ruwaito jiragen ruwa biyu sun dauki 1200 daga cikinsu. A shekara ta 1900, turtles sun kusan ƙare, kuma ma'aikatan za su yi farauta na kwana uku don samun daya. A farkon shekarun 1800, izinin da aka ba mutane kusan sun lalata gandun daji da wuraren zama na tururuwa a tsibirai da yawa a Seychelles; a kan Aldabra Atoll, saboda nesa da yanayin da ke da tsawo, an share ƙananan yankuna na gandun daji ne kawai don ayyukan noma (yawanci gonakin kwakwa) amma an kama tururuwa sosai don nama da kasuwanci.{{Sfn|MairBeckley|2012}} Koyaya, [[James Spurs]], wanda ke da izinin tsibirin, shine ke da alhakin farko don ceton turtles a tsibirin lokacin da ya haramta kashe su a cikin 1891.{{Sfn|MairBeckley|2012}} Bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na II]], amfani da Aldabra don amfani da kasuwanci ya ƙare kuma an sanya ƙuntatawa akan yawan mutanen da za su iya zama a tsibirin; an daidaita wannan adadi a 200 a lokaci guda. An haramta gabatar da nau'o'in mamayewa, an kare nau'o-in dabbobi a karkashin doka, kuma Royal Society na London ta gudanar da bincike mai zurfi kan ilimin muhalli da bambancin halittu na tsibirin daga tsakiyar shekarun 1970.{{Sfn|MairBeckley|2012}} == Yanayin ƙasa == Aldabra atoll yana cikin yankin kudu maso yammacin Seychelles, kuma yana kusa da bakin tekun Afirka {{Convert|630|km}} fiye da [[Mahé]]. Yana da kilomita {{Convert|407|km}} (253 arewa maso yammacin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]] da kilomita {{Convert|440|km}} (270 daga [[Moroni]] a [[Tsibirin Comoro]]. Atoll shine mafi girman murfin murjani a duniya tare da tsawo na mita 8 (26 ; kuma tsibirin na biyu mafi girma a duniya bayan Kiritimati Atoll.{{Sfn|SwinglandKlemens|1989}} Yana kwance a 9°24′S 46°22′E / 9.400°S 46.367°E / -9.400; 46.367 kuma yana cikin Aldabra Group, ɗaya daga cikin tsibirin tsibirin Outer Islands na Seychelles, wanda ya haɗa da tsibirin Assumption da tsibirin Astove da Cosmoledo . Aldabra atoll yana da tsawon kilomita 34 (21 (a gabas zuwa yamma) da kuma kilomita 13 (8.1 a fadin. Yana da babban tafki mai zurfi, kilomita 76 (76 sq a yankin, wanda kusan kashi biyu bisa uku ya bushe a lokacin low tide.{{Sfn|Coe|1998}} An kewaye tafkin da murfin murjani.<ref name="Unesco">{{Cite web |title=Aldabra Atoll |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/185 |access-date=23 March 2013 |publisher=Unesco}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/185 "Aldabra Atoll"]. </cite></ref> A kusa da gefen tafkin akwai manyan tsibirai na tsibirin. Jimlar yankin tsibirin yana da kilomita 155.4 (60.0 sq .{{Sfn|Coe|1998}} Girman ciki har da tafkin yana da kilomita 380 (150 sq . Yankin waje na tsibirin yana da wurare uku waɗanda ke haɗawa da tafkin, wanda ke da nisan kilomita 6-10 (3.7-6.2 a faɗin inda yake buɗewa zuwa teku. Rashin zurfin ruwa a cikin tafkin yana da kimanin mita 5 (16 ; duk da haka, hanyoyin da ke buɗewa zuwa teku sun kai mita 20 (66 mai zurfi kuma suna da tasiri sosai ta hanyar ruwa. Har zuwa kwanan nan, Aldabra ba ta da tsuntsaye masu cin zarafi. Duk da haka, fody na Madagascar (Foudia madagascariensis) ya bazu zuwa Aldabra bayan an gabatar da shi zuwa Tsibirin Assumption. Shirin kawar da wannan tsuntsu a kan Assumption da Aldabra ya kusa kammala. Saboda ƙarancin sararin mazauninsa, yanayin yanayi mai tsanani, annoba da iyakataccen iyaka suma na iya haifar da babbar barazana ga dukkan yanayin halittu na atoll.[39] Aldabra kuma tana tara gurɓataccen filastik mai yawa a bakin tekunta kuma, duk da babban ƙoƙarin tsaftace shi a shekarar 2019, ana tsammanin sama da tan 500 ne ke kantol ɗin, tare da tasiri mai yawa ga namun daji.[57] Yawancin wannan gurɓataccen ... Duk da cewa matsin lamba na zafi bai yi yawa ba (ƙasa da Makonni 4 na Zafi), murfin murjani mai tauri a kan raƙuman ruwa masu fuskantar teku na Aldabra ya ragu da sama da kashi 50% (35% a cikin tafkin), kuma murfin murjani mai laushi ya faɗi da sama da kashi 90%.[59] Abin farin ciki, akwai wasu alamun murmurewa, domin yawan murjani na matasa ya ƙaru sosai tun daga lokacin, musamman a cikin tafkin,[60] kodayake murjani na Aldabra ba shakka suna fuskantar barazanar sauyin yanayi. Kariya An nada Aldabra atoll a matsayin Wurin Tarihi na Duniya na UNESCO a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 1982. Yana ɗaya daga cikin Wuraren Tarihi na Duniya guda biyu na UNESCO a Seychelles;[61] kuma Gidauniyar Tsibirin Seychelles (SIF) ce ke kula da shi.[62] Yankin da ke da kariya daga ruwa ya kai kilomita 1 (0.62 mil) cikin teku don tabbatar da kiyaye namun dajin ruwa.[7][26] Ana kula da yawon shakatawa na muhalli kuma an takaita gabatar da nau'ikan halittu masu mamayewa.[7] Dangane da tsarin kimantawa, UNESCO ta rubuta wurin, wani wurin ajiyar kaya na musamman da aka kare shi bisa doka na hekta 35,000 (kadada 86,000), a cikin jerin Wuraren Tarihi na Duniya a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗa uku: Ma'auni (vii): Aldabra Atoll ya ƙunshi babban faɗin kyawawan dabi'u marasa taɓawa inda wasu nau'ikan dabbobi masu mahimmanci da wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire ke bunƙasa, tare da samuwar ƙasa mai ban mamaki, kuma tsarinsa yana ba da wani abin mamaki na abubuwan da suka faru na halitta;[7] Ma'auni (ix): Atoll misali ne mai kyau na yanayin tsibiri na teku wanda hanyoyin juyin halitta ke aiki a cikin wani mai arziki na biota. Girman da bambancin yanayin atoll ya ba da damar haɓaka al'ummomi daban-daban masu rufin asiri tare da yawan faruwar yanayi a tsakanin nau'ikan halittu waɗanda suka saba da yanayin halittu na tsibirai. Tsarin halitta yana faruwa ba tare da ɗan tsangwama ga ɗan adam ba kuma ana iya nuna shi a sarari a cikin cikakken rikitarwarsu;[7] da Criterion (x): Aldabra yana ba da dakin gwaje-gwaje na halitta don nazarin tsarin ilimin halittu na juyin halitta kuma dandamali ne don gano kimiyya mai mahimmanci. Atoll ɗin ya ƙunshi mafaka mai ɗauke da nau'ikan shuke-shuke da dabbobi masu rai da yawa, waɗanda ba kasafai ake samun su ba, ciki har da manyan kunkuru na ƙarshe da tsuntsaye marasa tashi na Yammacin Tekun Indiya, yawan kiwo na kunkuru na ruwa, da kuma manyan gidaje na tsuntsayen teku waɗanda suka kai dubunnan. Yawan kunkuru mai yawa yana da ƙarfi kuma dukkan abubuwan da ke cikin alaƙarsa da muhallin ƙasa sun bayyana.[7][63] BirdLife International ta ayyana Aldabra a matsayin Muhimmin Yankin Tsuntsaye Masu Zaman Kansu (IBA) a shekara ta 2001 saboda manyan wuraren zama na tsuntsayen teku a ƙarƙashin nau'ikan A1, A2, A4i, A4ii da A4iii, wanda ya mamaye yanki mai girman hekta 33,180 (eka 82,000) wanda ya haɗu da yankin ajiya na musamman na hekta 35,000 (eka 86,000) na Aldabra Atoll.[26][64] Aldabra ta zama Wurin Dausayi na Musamman na Ƙasashen Duniya na Ramsar a 2010.[17] Ya mamaye hekta 25,100 (fiye da rabin faɗin dukkan atom ɗin), yanayin ƙasa mai dausayi na Aldabra ya haɗa da babban tafkin ruwa mai zurfi a cikin atom ɗin, wanda aka yi masa kafet da gadajen ciyawar teku masu kyau da kuma reefs masu laushi, filayen laka tsakanin ruwa, reefs na murjani a wajen tafkin, tafkuna masu ruwa, rairayin bakin teku, da kuma hekta 2000 na wuraren mangrove. Waɗannan wurare masu dausayi suna tallafawa nau'ikan halittu da dama da ke fuskantar barazanar rayuwa, ciki har da ƙaruwar adadin kunkuru a atom, dugongs da sauran nau'ikan tsuntsaye, kifi da marasa ƙashi. An sanya Aldabra a matsayin wuri a ƙarƙashin cibiyar sadarwar kunkuru ta Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya ta Indiya (IOSEA), a cikin taronsu na 2014. Ƙididdiga Wani ƙaramin tashar bincike ta kimiyya ta SIF tana da hekta a ƙauyen La Gigi a Tsibirin Picard. Ma'aikatan dindindin (a halin yanzu 12[65]) suna gudanar da bincike don nazarin bambancin halittu na Aldabra. Sufuri Ba a samun damar shiga Aldabra cikin sauƙi. Ba a yarda da jiragen sama, jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu ko jiragen saukar jiragen sama a kan tashar ba. Filin jirgin sama mafi kusa yana kan Assumption kilomita 50 (mil 31) kudu maso gabashin Tsibirin Picard. Jiragen ruwa masu samar da kayayyaki sau biyu a shekara da ke aiki daga Mahé suna ba da abubuwan da ake buƙata zuwa tashar binciken.[11] Yawon Bude Ido Kamfanoni da yawa ne ke gudanar da jiragen ruwa. == Manazarta == 55eqtdvd1gqndsllres9ldbsx6xopme 0 156145 862956 852186 2026-06-21T12:53:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 862956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Bronskvinnorna,_Marianne_Lindberg_De_Geer.jpg|thumb|Zane a Växjö an yi shi ne don suka ga ƙa'idodin kyau na zamani]] '''Ƙungiyar karɓar kitse''' (wanda kuma aka sani da '''girman kai''', '''ƙarfafa kitse''', '''<nowiki/>'yantar da kitse''', da kuma '''fafutukar kare kitse''' ) [[Harkar Zamantakewa|ƙungiya ce ta zamantakewa]] wacce ke neman kawar da [[Rashin jin daɗi na zamantakewa|ƙyamar da kiba ke haifarwa a zamantakewa]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Puhl |first=Rebecca M. |last2=Heuer |first2=Chelsea A. |date=2009-05-01 |title=The Stigma of Obesity: A Review and Update |journal=Obesity |volume=17 |issue=5 |pages=941–964 |doi=10.1038/oby.2008.636 |issn=1930-739X |pmid=19165161 |s2cid=152352 |doi-access=}}</ref> Fagen da ake jayayya a kansu sun haɗa da hanyoyin [[Aesthetics/Kayan ado|kyau]], [[Doka|shari'a]], da kuma hanyoyin likitanci ga masu kiba. Yunkurin karɓar kitse na zamani ya fara ne a ƙarshen shekarun 1960. Baya ga rawar da take takawa a siyasance, ƙungiyar karɓar kitse kuma ta ƙunshi wani ƙaramin al'adu wanda ke aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar zamantakewa ga membobinta. An soki ƙungiyar karɓar kitse saboda rashin ƙara daraja ga muhawarar kan lafiyar ɗan adam, inda wasu masu suka suka zargi ƙungiyar da "haɓaka salon rayuwa wanda zai iya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga lafiya". <ref name="ABC2012">{{Cite web |date=2009-06-15 |title=Fat Acceptance: 'Young, Fat and Fabulous' Say No to Yo-Yo Diets |url=https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Story?id=7823614&page=1 |access-date=July 23, 2012 |publisher=[[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]}}</ref> <ref name="The New York Times">{{Cite web |date=2008-01-22 |title=In the Fatosphere, Big Is In, or at Least Accepted |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/22/health/22fblogs.html |access-date=July 22, 2012 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> <ref name="articles.cnn.com">{{Cite web |title=Is the fat acceptance movement bad for our health? |url=http://articles.cnn.com/2010-01-06/health/fat.acceptance_1_heart-health-metabolic-syndrome-obesity?_s=PM:HEALTH |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723182528/http://articles.cnn.com/2010-01-06/health/fat.acceptance_1_heart-health-metabolic-syndrome-obesity?_s=PM:HEALTH |archive-date=July 23, 2012 |access-date=July 23, 2012 |website=CNN}}</ref> == Tarihi == Tarihin ƙungiyar karɓar kitse za a iya samo shi ne tun daga shekarar 1967 lokacin da mutane 500 suka haɗu a Central Park da ke New York don yin zanga-zanga kan [[Rashin jin daɗi na zamantakewa|nuna wariya ga masu kitse]] . Masaniyar zamantakewa Charlotte Cooper ta yi jayayya cewa tarihin ƙungiyar masu fafutukar kitse an fi fahimtarsa a cikin raƙuman ruwa, kamar ƙungiyar mata, wadda ta yi imanin cewa tana da alaƙa da ita. Cooper ta yi imanin cewa masu fafutukar kitse sun fuskanci irin wannan raƙuman gwagwarmaya sannan suka biyo baya da gajiya, tare da masu fafutukar a cikin raƙuman ruwa masu zuwa galibi ba su san tarihin ƙungiyar ba, wanda hakan ya haifar da rashin ci gaba. <ref name="cooper">{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Charlotte |title=What's Fat Activism? |url=http://ulsites.ul.ie/sociology/sites/default/files//Whats%20Fat%20Activism.pdf |access-date=2017-09-25 |publisher=University of Limerick}}</ref> Wasu masana, kamar Amy Erdman Farrell, sun yi jayayya cewa tarihin fafutukar kiba da ake bayarwa a al'ada tarihi ne da ya fi rinjaye a fararen fata, kuma ana yawan yin watsi da ayyukan masu fafutukar kiba masu launin fata a cikin wannan tarihin gargajiya. === Raƙuman farko === Ayyukan farko na raƙuman ruwa sun ƙunshi masu fafutuka waɗanda ke ware kansu suna jawo hankali ga babban samfurin [[kiba]] kuma suna ƙalubalantar shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin samfuran da za a iya yi. Wannan irin yanayin siyasa shine tushen motsi na karɓar kiba, wanda ya samo asali a ƙarshen shekarun 1960. Kamar sauran [[Harkar Zamantakewa|ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa]] na wannan lokacin, motsi na karɓar kiba, wanda aka fi sani da "Fat Pride", "Fat Power", ko "Fat Liberation", galibi ya ƙunshi mutane suna yin aiki ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba. An shirya "kiba" a Central Park na New York a 1967. Wanda sanannen mai rediyo Steve Post ya kira, "Fat-in" ya ƙunshi ƙungiyar mutane 500 suna cin abinci, suna ɗauke da alamu da hotunan [[Twiggy]] (wani samfurin da ya shahara da siririyar siffarta), da kuma littattafan abinci masu ƙona abinci. A shekarar 1967, Lew Louderback ya rubuta wani labari a jaridar ''Saturday Evening Post'' mai suna "Mutane da Ya Kamata Su Yi Kiba" don mayar da martani ga wariya da aka yi wa matarsa. Labarin ya haifar da ganawa tsakanin Louderback da William Fabrey, wanda ya kafa ƙungiya ta farko ta masu kiba da magoya bayansu, wacce aka fara sanya mata suna 'Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Taimaka wa Masu Kiba' kuma a halin yanzu ana kiranta da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Advance Fat Acceptance (NAAFA). An kafa NAAFA a Amurka, a shekarar 1969, ta hannun Bill Fabrey saboda wariya da aka yi wa matarsa. Ya yi niyyar yin kamfen don kare haƙƙin masu kiba, duk da haka, wani ɗan rahoto da ya halarci taron NAAFA na 2001 ya lura cewa 'yan mahalarta kaɗan ne ke da hannu a siyasance kan haƙƙin masu kiba kuma yawancin mata suna zuwa siyayya don siyayya don kayan kwalliya, sanya su a kan titin taron ko kuma haɗuwa da abokin tarayya mai yuwuwa. Tun daga 1991, Fabrey ya yi aiki a matsayin darekta tare da Majalisar kan Nuna Bambancin Girma da Nauyi, wanda ya ƙware a tarihin ƙungiyar karɓar girman. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Council Directors and Project Managers |url=http://cswd.org/bill-fabrey |access-date=2017-09-25 |publisher=Council on Size & Weight Discrimination |archive-date=2020-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207214042/http://cswd.org/bill-fabrey |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekarar 1972, aka kafa ƙungiyar mata masu ra'ayin mazan jiya mai suna The Fat Underground. Ya fara ne a matsayin wani babi mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na NAAFA kuma ya fara samun 'yancin kai lokacin da NAAFA ta nuna damuwa game da haɓaka falsafar masu fafutuka mai ƙarfi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Life In The Fat Underground by Sara Fishman |url=http://www.radiancemagazine.com/issues/1998/winter_98/fat_underground.html |access-date=2011-12-31 |publisher=Radiancemagazine.com |archive-date=2011-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111204231833/http://www.radiancemagazine.com/issues/1998/winter_98/fat_underground.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ƙungiyar FU ta sami kwarin gwiwa daga kuma, a wasu lokuta, membobin ƙungiyar Radical Therapy Collective, wata ƙungiyar [[Feminism|mata masu ra'ayin mazan jiya]] wadda ta yi imanin cewa yawancin matsalolin tunani sun samo asali ne daga cibiyoyin zamantakewa da ayyuka masu tsauri. Sara Fishman (a lokacin Sara Aldebaran) da Judy Freespirit ne suka kafa ta, Fat Underground ta yi suka ga abin da suka gani a matsayin ƙara nuna son kai ga kiba a cikin al'ummar kimiyya. Sun ƙirƙiro maganar, "abinci magani ne wanda ba ya aiki, ga wata cuta da ba ta wanzu". Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, Fishman ta ƙaura zuwa Connecticut, inda, tare da Karen Scott-Jones, ta kafa New Haven Fat Liberation Front, wata ƙungiya mai kama da Fat Underground a fanninta da kuma mai da hankali. A shekarar 1983, ƙungiyoyin biyu sun haɗu don buga wani littafi mai mahimmanci a fannin fafutukar kare kiba, ''Shadow on a Tightrope'', wanda ya tattara takardu da dama na matsayin masu fafutukar kare kiba da Fat Underground ta fara rarrabawa, da kuma waƙoƙi da kasidu daga wasu marubuta. A shekarar 1979, Carole Shaw ta ƙirƙiro kalmar Big Beautiful Woman (BBW) kuma ta ƙaddamar da mujallar salon zamani da salon rayuwa mai suna iri ɗaya da aka yi niyya ga mata masu girman jiki . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-08-15 |title=BBW Past and Present |url=http://www.bbwmagazine.com/bbw-past-present/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419125312/https://www.bbwmagazine.com/bbw-past-present/ |archive-date=2019-04-19 |access-date=2017-09-25 |website=BBW Magazine - The Power of Plus |publisher=Big Beautiful Woman Magazine}}</ref> Mujallar asali ta daina bugawa a watan Mayu na 2003, amma ta ci gaba da amfani da nau'ikan yanar gizo daban-daban. Kalmar "BBW" ta zama ruwan dare gama gari don nufin kowace mace mai kiba (wani lokacin ta hanyar wulaƙantawa). An buga wasu mujallu da dama da suka mayar da hankali kan salon zamani da salon rayuwa ga mata masu "cikakkun siffofi" a cikin bugawa daga farkon shekarun 1980 zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 2010. Daga 1984 zuwa 2000, an buga ''Radiance: Mujallar Manyan Mata'' a cikin bugawa don "tallafa wa mata 'duka girma a cikin rayuwa mai alfahari, cikekken rai, mai aiki, ko da kuwa nauyinsu ne, tare da ƙaunar kai da girmama kai." A Burtaniya, an kafa ƙungiyar mata masu kiba ta London, ƙungiyar farko ta masu fafutukar kiba ta Burtaniya, kuma tana aiki tsakanin kimanin 1985 da 1989. <ref name="cooper"/> Sauran ayyukan raƙuman farko sun haɗa da samar da zines kamar ''Hoto na 8'' da ''Fat!'' ''To?'' na Marilyn Wann. Na ƙarshen ya ci gaba da zama littafi mai suna iri ɗaya . === Raƙumi na biyu === A karo na biyu, ƙungiyar karɓar kitse ta zama ruwan dare a Amurka kuma ta fara yaɗuwa zuwa wasu ƙasashe. Ra'ayoyi daga ƙungiyar sun fara bayyana a cikin manyan ƙasashe. Masu wallafa littattafai sun ƙara son buga littattafai masu taken karɓar kitse. Shekarun 1980 sun shaida ƙaruwar ƙungiyoyi masu fafutuka, wallafe-wallafe, da taruka. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=From New York to Instagram: The history of the body positivity movement |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/z2w7dp3 |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=BBC Bitesize |language=en-GB}}</ref> A shekarar 1989, wata ƙungiyar mutane ciki har da 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Anne Zamberlan ta kafa ƙungiyar Faransa ta farko don karɓar kitse, ''Allegro fortissimo'' . Ƙungiyoyi sun fara gudanar da taruka da tarurruka, ciki har da NAAFA . A shekarun 1990, wasu membobin ƙwararrun likitoci sun fara shigar da bayanai daga ƙungiyar karɓar kitse cikin takardun bincike kamar sabbin shirye-shiryen hana cin abinci da kuma samfuran kula da [[kiba]] . <ref name="ifonly">{{Cite journal |last=B.E. |first=Robinson |last2=J.G. |first2=Bacon |year=1996 |title=The "If Only I Were Thin..." Treatment Program: Decreasing the Stigmatizing Effects of Fatness |journal=[[Professional Psychology: Research and Practice]] |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=175–183 |doi=10.1037/0735-7028.27.2.175 |issn=0735-7028 |oclc=8996897}}</ref> === Raƙumi na uku === Yunkurin karɓar kitse ya ga bambance-bambancen ayyuka a lokacin zagaye na uku. Ayyuka sun magance batutuwan kiba da launin fata, aji, jima'i, da sauran batutuwa. An ƙara magance wariyar girma a fannin fasaha. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tantalising Glimpses (2020) |url=https://www.thisisliveart.co.uk/resources/tantalising-glimpses-2020/ |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=LADA Live Art Development Agency |language=en}}</ref> == Jigogin kamfen == Ƙungiyar karɓar kiba ta yi jayayya cewa masu kiba sune abin da ake nufi da [[Kiyayya|ƙiyayya]] da [[wariya]] . Musamman ma, masu fafutuka sun ba da shawarar cewa mata masu kiba suna fuskantar matsin lamba fiye da maza masu kiba. <ref name="ifonly"/> Ƙungiyar ta yi jayayya cewa waɗannan halaye sun ƙunshi wani [[Hanyar zamantakewa|al'adar zamantakewa]] mai cike da ƙiyayya, wanda ke bayyana a cikin cibiyoyin zamantakewa da yawa, gami da [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]], inda ake yawan yi wa masu kiba ba'a, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Council on Size and Weight Discrimination – Weight Discrimination on Television |url=http://www.cswd.org/docs/media.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111220040815/http://www.cswd.org/docs/media.html |archive-date=2011-12-20 |access-date=2011-12-31 |publisher=Cswd.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Greenberg |first=B. S. |last2=Eastin |first2=M. |last3=Hofschire |first3=L. |last4=Lachlan |first4=K. |last5=Brownell |first5=K. D. |display-authors=1 |year=2003 |title=Portrayals of overweight and obese individuals on commercial television |journal=[[American Journal of Public Health]] |volume=93 |issue=8 |pages=1342–8 |citeseerx=10.1.1.530.9981 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.93.8.1342 |pmc=1447967 |pmid=12893625}}</ref> ko kuma a ɗauke su a matsayin abin tausayi. Wariya ta haɗa da rashin daidaiton damar sufuri da aiki. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Maranto |first=C. L. |last2=Stenoien |first2=A. F. |year=2000 |title=Weight Discrimination: A Multidisciplinary Analysis |journal=Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal |volume=12 |pages=9–24 |doi=10.1023/A:1007712500496 |s2cid=142845902}}</ref> Membobin ƙungiyar karɓar kiba suna ɗaukar munanan halaye na zamantakewa a matsayin masu dorewa, kuma a matsayin waɗanda suka dogara da zato cewa kiba yana nuna mummunan hali ga mutum. <ref name="autogenerated3">{{Cite journal |last=Murray |first=S. |year=2005 |title=(Un/Be)Coming Out? Rethinking Fat Politics |journal=Social Semiotics |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=153–163 |doi=10.1080/10350330500154667 |s2cid=145102272}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Puhl |first=R. |last2=Brownell |first2=D. |date=Dec 2001 |title=Bias, discrimination, and obesity |journal=Obesity Research |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=788–805 |doi=10.1038/oby.2001.108 |issn=1071-7323 |pmid=11743063 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Masu fafutukar karɓar kiba suna matsa lamba don canji a cikin halayen zamantakewa, na mutum, da na likita ga masu kiba. Ƙungiyoyin karɓar kiba suna shiga cikin ilmantar da jama'a game da abin da suka siffanta a matsayin tatsuniyoyi game da masu kiba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hemmenway |first=Carrie |title=Dispelling common myths about fat persons. |url=http://world.std.com/~naafa/documents/brochures/myths.html |access-date=2017-09-25 |publisher=NAAFA}}</ref> === Nuna Bambanci === Mutane masu kiba suna fuskantar nau'ikan wariya daban-daban saboda nauyinsu. <ref name=":1"/> Wannan wariya tana bayyana a fannin kiwon lafiya, aiki, ilimi, dangantaka ta mutum, da kuma [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tomiyama |first=A. |date=May–June 2013 |title=If Shaming People Reduced Obesity, There Would Be No Fat People |url=https://escholarship.org/content/qt2nx1p3hs/qt2nx1p3hs.pdf?t=njii67 |journal=The Hastings Center Report |volume=43 |issue=3 |pages=4–5 |doi=10.1002/hast.166 |pmid=23650055}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance |url=https://www.naafaonline.com/dev2/assets/documents/naafa_FactSheet_v17_screen.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116014848/https://naafa.org/dev2/assets/documents/naafa_FactSheet_v17_screen.pdf |archive-date=16 January 2021 |access-date=20 February 2019 |website=naafaonline.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=By |date=2011-05-16 |title=Some ob-gyns in South Florida turn away overweight women |url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/2011/05/16/some-ob-gyns-in-south-florida-turn-away-overweight-women/ |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=Sun Sentinel |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vallis |first=T. Michael |date=2007 |title=Healthcare Professional Bias Against the Obese: How Do We Know If We Have a Problem? |url=https://www.canadianjournalofdiabetes.com/article/S1499-2671(07)14008-9/abstract |journal=Canadian Journal of Diabetes |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=365–370 |doi=10.1016/S1499-2671(07)14008-9 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Adams |first=CH |date=1993 |title=The relationship of obesity to the frequency of pelvic examinations: do physician and patient attitudes make a difference? |journal=Women Health |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=45–57 |doi=10.1300/J013v20n02_04 |pmid=8372479}}</ref> Mutane masu kiba kuma suna jayayya cewa shagunan tufafi suna nuna musu wariya. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Misali, wasu mata sun koka cewa shagunan " girma ɗaya ya dace da kowa ", waɗanda ke ba da girma ɗaya ga kowane abu, ba sa biyan waɗanda suka wuce wani nauyi. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Sufurin jama'a ya fuskanci suka saboda rashin haɗa kai ga mutanen da ke da kiba domin kujeru da hanyoyin tafiya galibi ƙanana ne da ba za su iya ɗaukar su ba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pitter |first=Jay |date=2015-08-11 |title=Weighing In: Fat Discrimination on Public Transit |url=https://spacing.ca/toronto/2015/08/11/weighing-fat-discrimination-public-transit/ |access-date=2023-06-20 |website=Spacing Toronto |language=en-US}}</ref> Dangane da batun hawan dawaki, an sami rashin jituwa tsakanin masu fafutukar karɓuwa da masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin dabbobi . === Lafiya === Masu fafutukar kare kitse suna jayayya cewa kyamar da ake nunawa ga masu kiba da kuma cin abinci mai tsanani sun haifar da karuwar matsalolin tunani da na jiki a tsakanin masu kiba. <ref name="ifonly"/> Misali, mutanen da ke fuskantar wariyar kiba sun ba da rahoton fuskantar ƙarin damuwa ta tunani, ƙarin kaɗaici, da ƙarancin walwala. Tare da wannan, wariyar kiba na iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da kiba, kumburi mai ɗorewa, da nauyin cututtuka. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Phelan |first=SM |last2=Burgess |first2=DJ |last3=Yeazel |first3=MW |last4=Hellerstedt |first4=WL |last5=Griffin |first5=JM |last6=van Ryn |first6=M |date=April 2015 |title=Impact of weight bias and stigma on quality of care and outcomes for patients with obesity |journal=Obesity Reviews |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=319–326 |doi=10.1111/obr.12266 |issn=1467-7881 |pmc=4381543 |pmid=25752756}}</ref> Mutane na iya shiga cikin halayen da ke da haɗari ga lafiya, kamar guje wa motsa jiki. <ref name="weightdiscrim">{{Cite journal |last=Sutin |first=A. R. |last2=Stephan |first2=Y. |last3=Terracciano |first3=A. |display-authors=1 |year=2015 |title=Weight Discrimination and Risk of Mortality |journal=[[Psychol Sci]] |volume=26 |issue=11 |pages=1803–1811 |doi=10.1177/0956797615601103 |pmc=4636946 |pmid=26420442}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Adams |first=C. H. |last2=Smith |first2=N. J. |last3=Wilbur |first3=D. C. |last4=Grady |first4=K. E. |date=1993 |title=The relationship of obesity to the frequency of pelvic examinations: do physician and patient attitudes make a difference? |journal=Women & Health |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=45–57 |doi=10.1300/J013v20n02_04 |issn=0363-0242 |pmid=8372479}}</ref> Fuskantar da kuma sanya ƙyamar kiba a cikin jiki an gano su a matsayin manyan abubuwan haɗari da ke haifar da cututtukan cin abinci. <ref name="dismantlingweightstigma">{{Cite journal |last=McEntee |first=M. L. |last2=Philip |first2=S. R. |last3=Phelan |first3=S. M. |display-authors=1 |year=2023 |title=Dismantling weight stigma in eating disorder treatment: Next steps for the field |journal=[[Front Psychiatry]] |volume=14 |doi=10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1157594 |pmc=10126256 |pmid=37113547 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ana kuma nuna damuwa cewa mayar da hankali kan al'adun zamani kan rage kiba ba shi da tushe a cikin binciken kimiyya, amma maimakon haka misali ne na amfani da kimiyya a matsayin hanyar sarrafa karkacewa, a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin al'umma na magance wani abu da take ganin yana damun ta. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Masu suka kan abinci sun ambaci yawan gazawar da ake samu a ƙoƙarin rage kiba na dindindin, <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Bacon |first=Linda |last2=Aphramor |first2=Lucy |date=2011-01-24 |title=Weight Science: Evaluating the Evidence for a Paradigm Shift |journal=Nutrition Journal |volume=10 |issue=1 |page=9 |doi=10.1186/1475-2891-10-9 |issn=1475-2891 |pmc=3041737 |pmid=21261939 |doi-access=free}}</ref> da kuma haɗarin sauyin nauyi na "yo-yo" da tiyatar rage kiba . Masu fafutukar kiba suna jayayya cewa an ƙara gishiri ko kuma an yi amfani da batutuwan lafiya na [[kiba]] da kuma yawan kiba a cikin kuskure, kuma ana amfani da batutuwan lafiya a matsayin kariya ga wariyar [[Al'ada|al'adu]] da [[Aesthetics/Kayan ado|kyau]] game da kiba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hobbes |first=Michael |title=Everything You Know About Obesity Is Wrong |url=https://highline.huffingtonpost.com/articles/en/everything-you-know-about-obesity-is-wrong/ |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=HuffPost}}</ref> <ref name=":2"/> Masu goyon bayan karɓar kitse sun dage cewa mutane na kowane siffa da girma za su iya ƙoƙarin samun lafiya da lafiyar jiki. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ikeda |first=J. P. |last2=Hayes |first2=D. |last3=Satter |first3=E. |last4=Parham |first4=E. S. |last5=Kratina |first5=K. |last6=Woolsey |first6=M. |last7=Lowey |first7=M. |last8=Tribole |first8=E. |display-authors=1 |year=1999 |title=A Commentary on the New Obesity Guidelines from NIH |journal=[[Journal of the American Dietetic Association]] |volume=99 |issue=8 |pages=918–9 |doi=10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00218-7 |pmid=10450304}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=ISAA's Respect &#124; Health Initiative |url=http://www.size-acceptance.org/rfh/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704123150/http://www.size-acceptance.org/rfh/ |archive-date=2018-07-04 |access-date=2011-12-31 |publisher=Size-acceptance.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Physical Fitness |url=http://www.naafaonline.com/dev2/about/Policies/PHYSICALFITNESS.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920140203/http://www.naafaonline.com/dev2/about/Policies/PHYSICALFITNESS.pdf |archive-date=2011-09-20 |publisher=NAAFA}}</ref> Sun yi imanin cewa kyawawan halaye na iya zama ba tare da la'akari da nauyin jiki ba. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Bisa ga wannan hanyar, masana ilimin halayyar ɗan adam waɗanda ba su gamsu da maganin masu kiba a duniyar likitanci ba sun fara motsi na [[Lafiya a Kowani Mataki|Lafiya a Kowane Girma]] . Yana da ƙa'idodi guda biyar na asali: (1) inganta lafiya, (2) girma da karɓar kai (3) jin daɗin cin abinci mai kyau, (4) jin daɗin motsi, da kuma (5) ƙarshen nuna son kai ga nauyi. <ref>{{Citation|journal=Marilyn}}</ref> Wasu masu goyon bayan sun kuma yi iƙirarin cewa mutanen da ke da kiba na iya samun lafiyayyen metabolism . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Wasu nazarin likitanci sun ƙalubalanci wannan ra'ayi na "kiba mai lafiya", <ref name="Is Healthy Obesity a Myth">{{Cite web |date=30 April 2014 |title=Is Healthy Obesity a Myth? |url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_145981.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508164246/http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_145981.html |archive-date=May 8, 2014 |access-date=31 May 2014 |publisher=nlm.nih.gov}}</ref> <ref name="British Heart Foundation">{{Cite web |date=1 May 2014 |title=Dispelling the myth of 'healthy obesity' |url=http://www.bhf.org.uk/default.aspx?page=16993 |access-date=31 May 2014 |publisher=British Heart Foundation}}</ref> <ref name="KramerMetaAnalysis">{{Cite journal |last=Kramer |first=CK |last2=Zinman |first2=B |last3=Retnakaran |first3=R |date=Dec 3, 2013 |title=Are metabolically healthy overweight and obesity benign conditions?: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |journal=Ann Intern Med |volume=159 |issue=11 |pages=758–69 |doi=10.7326/0003-4819-159-11-201312030-00008 |pmid=24297192 |s2cid=9431877}}</ref> <ref name="BeyondBMI">{{Cite journal |last=Roberson |first=Lara L |last2=Aneni |first2=Ehimen C |last3=Maziak |first3=Wasim |last4=Agatston |first4=Arthur |last5=Feldman |first5=Theodore |last6=Rouseff |first6=Maribeth |last7=Tran |first7=Thinh |last8=Blaha |first8=Michael J |last9=Santos |first9=Raul D. |last10=Sposito |first10=Andrei |last11=Al-Mallah |first11=Mouaz H |last12=Blankstein |first12=Ron |last13=Budoff |first13=Matthew J |last14=Nasir |first14=Khurram |display-authors=1 |date=Jan 8, 2014 |title=Beyond BMI: The "Metabolically healthy obese" phenotype & its association with clinical/subclinical cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality – a systematic review |journal=BMC Public Health |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=14 |doi=10.1186/1471-2458-14-14 |pmc=3890499 |pmid=24400816 |doi-access=free}}</ref> kodayake ma'anar kiba mai lafiya a cikin metabolism ba a daidaita ta a cikin nazarin ba. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Blüher |first=S |last2=Schwarz |first2=P |date=Jun 19, 2014 |title=Metabolically healthy obesity from childhood to adulthood — Does weight status alone matter? |journal=Metabolism |volume=14 |issue=9 |pages=1084–92 |doi=10.1016/j.metabol.2014.06.009 |pmid=25038727}}</ref> === Jinsi === ==== Mata masu kiba ==== [[Fayil:Kira_Nerusskaya_2_by_David_Shankbone.jpg|left|thumb|Mai shirya fina-finai Kira Nerusskaya ta fitar da fim ɗinta mai suna ''The BBW World: Under the Fat!'' a shekarar 2008.]] Matsalolin da mata masu kiba ke fuskanta a cikin al'umma sun kasance babban jigon ƙungiyar karɓar kiba tun lokacin da aka kafa ta. Duk da cewa ƙungiyar farko, National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance, da kuma littafi na farko, ''Fat Power'' (1970), maza ne suka ƙirƙira su, a kowane hali, martani ne ga wariyar nauyi da matansu suka fuskanta. Ba da daɗewa ba mata suka fara kamfen a madadinsu tare da ƙungiyar mata ta farko, 'The Fat Underground', wacce aka kafa a 1973. Matsalolin da aka magance game da mata sun haɗa da yanayin jiki, musamman ma siraran manufa da tasirinta ga mata. Masu suka sun ce NAAFA, wacce ke adawa da rage cin abinci da tiyatar rage kiba, ta yi afuwa ga salon rayuwa mara kyau. Amma NAAFA ta ce ba ta yin hakan ba, cewa wasu mutane sun fi girma kuma ba su cancanci irin haƙƙoƙin da kowa ya cancanci ba. ==== Maza masu kiba ==== Ƙungiyar karɓar kitse ta fi mayar da hankali kan tsarin [[Feminism|mata]] na zalunci ga mata masu kiba, wanda a bayyane yake an wakilta shi ta hanyar ƙarfafa mata su ci abinci. Duk da haka, Sander L. Gilman ya yi jayayya cewa, har zuwa ƙarni na 20, cin abinci a tarihi aikin namiji ne. Ya ci gaba da cewa, " [[Kiba]] tana cinye siffar namiji kamar yadda take lalata siffar mace ." William Banting shine marubucin wani littafi na 1863 mai suna ''Letter On Corpulence'', wanda abincin zamani ya yi amfani da shi azaman samfuri. Maza suna mayar da martani ga yin kiba ta hanyoyi daban-daban, (watau, suna da Ma'aunin Jiki na 25 ko fiye), suna da rabin damar cin abinci kamar mata, kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na yiwuwar yin tiyatar rage nauyi kuma kashi ɗaya bisa biyar ne kawai zai iya bayar da rahoton jin [[Abin kunya|kunya]] game da nauyinsu. Irmgard Tischner ya gano wannan ɗabi'ar a matsayin tushen ra'ayoyin maza waɗanda ke buƙatar rashin kulawa ga kiwon lafiya: "Maza ba dole ba ne su damu da girmansu ko lafiyarsu, kamar yadda suke da mata da za su kula da waɗannan abubuwan a gare su". Wasu mazan luwadi sun wuce gona da iri wajen rashin kula da girmansu zuwa karɓar kiba da kuma fafutukar kiba tare da ƙungiyoyi kamar al'adun chub, wanda ya fara a matsayin ƙungiyoyin Girth &amp;amp; Mirth a San Francisco a 1976 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Suresha |first=Ron |date=2016-02-07 |title=The Birth of Girth and Mirth: an interview with Reed Wilgoren |url=http://ronsuresha.com/?p=4093 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409112331/http://ronsuresha.com/?p=4093 |archive-date=2017-04-09 |access-date=2017-04-08}}</ref> da kuma al'adun beyar da ke haifar da sha'awar manyan maza masu gashi. Ganapati Durgadas ya yi jayayya cewa maza masu kiba masu bisexual da masu luwadi "suna tunatar da munin mata wanda sha'awar jima'i har yanzu ke haifar da sha'awar maza masu luwadi". A cikin kwatancen kiba masu kyau na queer, an gano cewa ''Fat Girl'' da aka samar da 'yan madigo ba ta da abubuwan muhawara na siyasa a cikin al'adun maza masu luwadi kamar ''Bulk Male'' da ''Big Ad'' . Joel Barraquiel Tan ya yi tsokaci: "Idan kiba batu ne na mata, to kiba ko sha'awar maza masu luwadi abu ne da aka shirya wa maza masu luwadi. Mazan luwadi suna son nuna bambancin jima'i, inda 'yan madigo suka yi siyasa a tarihi." Namiji mai kiba wanda ba shi da jinsi ɗaya ana kiransa da "Babban Mutum Mai Kyau" (BHM), wanda aka fi sani da Babbar Mace Mai Kyau. Kamar wasu maza masu kiba da 'yan luwaɗi, BHMs sun nuna bambancinsu ta hanyar jima'i kuma sun sami tabbacin wannan asalin daga BBWs ko mata madaidaiciya da aka sani da "Masu Sha'awar Fat Female". === Dokoki === A shekarun 1970, masu kiba a Amurka sun fara neman diyya ta shari'a saboda wariya bisa ga kiba, musamman a wurin aiki amma kuma saboda an hana su damar shiga, ko kuma an yi musu mu'amala daban-daban dangane da ayyuka ko nishaɗi. Sakamakon waɗannan shari'o'in ya bambanta sosai, kodayake a wasu lokuta an yi amfani da [[Dokar Amurkawa ta nakasassu ta shekarar 1990|Dokar Nakasa ta Amurka]] (ADA) cikin nasara don yin jayayya kan shari'o'in wariya ga masu kiba. Roth da Solovay sun yi jayayya cewa, kamar yadda yake ga mutanen da suka canza jinsi, babban dalilin bambancin nasarar shine yadda masu ƙara ke ba da haƙuri ga girmansu (tare da ƙarin masu ƙara masu neman afuwa ke samun ƙarin nasara): Ana ci gaba da amfani da Dokar Nakasassu ta Amurka domin babu wata doka ta tarayya ta Amurka da ta hana nuna wariya ga nauyi; duk da haka, jihar [[Michigan]] ta zartar da doka kan nuna wariya ga nauyi a shekarar 1976. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ELLIOTT-LARSEN CIVIL RIGHTS ACT (EXCERPT) Act 453 of 1976, MCL - Section 37.2102 |url=https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=MCL-37-2102 |website=Michigan Compiled Laws}}</ref> Biranen [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]], [[San Francisco]] (2000), Santa Cruz, Binghamton, Urbana (1990s), [[New York (birni)|New York]] (2023), <ref name="news.bloomberglaw.com">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2023 |title=NYC Worker Protections Grow With Rare Ban on Weight, Height Bias |url=https://news.bloomberglaw.com/daily-labor-report/nyc-worker-protections-grow-with-rare-ban-on-weight-height-bias |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=news.bloomberglaw.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2023 |title=Mayor Adams Signs Legislation To Prohibit Height Or Weight Discrimination In Employment, Housing, An |url=http://www.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/364-23/mayor-adams-signs-legislation-prohibit-height-weight-discrimination-employment-housing- |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=The official website of the City of New York}}</ref> da Madison (1970s) suma sun zartar da dokoki da suka hana nuna wariya ga nauyi. <ref name=":3" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wagner |first=Hannah Harris Green, Marika Proctor, Tony |date=2024-03-29 |title=This is why weight discrimination is legal in most of the U.S. |url=https://www.marketplace.org/2024/03/29/this-is-why-weight-discrimination-is-legal-in-most-of-the-u-s/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=Marketplace |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin biranen da ke da dokar nuna wariya ga nauyi, ba kasafai ake gabatar da shari'a fiye da ɗaya a shekara ba, sai dai San Francisco wacce za ta iya samun har zuwa shida. Ra'ayoyi tsakanin ma'aikatan tsaro na birni sun bambanta game da dalilin da ya sa adadin masu gabatar da kara ya yi ƙasa sosai, kodayake duk sun nuna cewa duka mutanen da suka yi kiba da ma'aikata ba su san da dokar kariya ba kuma an kuma lura cewa biranen da ke da dokokin nuna wariya ga nauyi sun fi zama garuruwan kwaleji masu sassaucin ra'ayi. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Weight Bias Laws: Tipping the Scales Against Prejudice? |url=http://mn.gov/mdhr/education/articles/rs10_2weightlaws.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424044637/http://mn.gov/mdhr/education/articles/rs10_2weightlaws.html |archive-date=2014-04-24 |publisher=Minnesota Dept. Human Rights}}</ref> Ba duk canje-canjen shari'a ba ne suka kare haƙƙin masu kiba. Duk da shawarwarin da Hukumar Daidaito ta Damammaki ta bayar akasin haka, a shekara ta 2009 Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara ta Amurka ta Kotun Sashe na Shida ta yanke hukunci cewa masu kiba za su cancanci zama nakasassu ne kawai idan za a iya tabbatar da cewa nauyinsu ya samo asali ne daga wata cuta da ke da alaƙa da kiba, tana goyon bayan ra'ayin cewa kasancewa mai kiba ba nakasa ba ce. Kotun Ƙoli ta Texas ta cimma irin wannan matsaya a shekara ta 2023. Amma a shekara ta 2018, Kotun Ƙoli ta Washington ta ba da kariya ga nakasassu da suka shafi nauyi ba tare da shaidar wata cuta da ta shafi lafiya ba. <ref name="news.bloomberglaw.com"/> Wasu ƙasashe banda Amurka sun yi la'akari da dokoki don kare haƙƙin masu kiba. A Burtaniya, wata ƙungiyar 'Yan Majalisa ta All-Party ta buga wani rahoto a shekara ta 2012 mai suna ''Reflections on Body Image'' wanda ya gano cewa mutum ɗaya cikin biyar na Birtaniya an ci zarafinsu saboda nauyinsu. Rahoton ya ba da shawarar cewa 'Yan Majalisar Dokoki su binciki sanya "nuna wariya bisa ga kamanni" a ƙarƙashin tushen shari'a iri ɗaya da wariyar jinsi ko launin fata ta hanyar Dokar Daidaito ta 2010 wanda ya sa ya zama haramun a ci zarafin kowa, a zalunce shi ko a nuna wariya ga kowa a wurin aiki bisa ga wasu rukunoni da aka ambata, gami da girma ko nauyi. Dokar Daidaito ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2010, ta haɗa dokoki daban-daban sama da 116 a cikin doka guda ɗaya. Dokar ta samar da tsarin shari'a don kare haƙƙin mutane da kuma haɓaka daidaiton dama ga kowa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What is the Equality Act? {{!}} Equality and Human Rights Commission |url=https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/equality-act-2010/what-equality-act |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320021852/https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/equality-act-2010/what-equality-act |archive-date=2020-03-20 |access-date=2020-03-20 |website=www.equalityhumanrights.com}}</ref> === Nazarin kitse === An kuma sami wani rukunin nazarin ilimi mai tasowa da ake kira Fat Studies. [[Marilyn Wann]] ta yi jayayya cewa nazarin kitse ya wuce ƙoƙarin mutum ɗaya zuwa zama fanni na nazari tare da taron 2004 ''mai taken Kitse: Binciken Al'adun Ƙasashen Amurka da Wakiltar Jikin Mata'' . Ƙungiyar Al'adun Jama'a ta Amurka tana haɗa da bangarori kan wannan batu akai-akai. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A kwalejoji da yawa, ƙungiyoyin ɗalibai masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun bayyana, ciki har da Hampshire, Smith, da Antioch. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Nazarin kitse yanzu ana samunsa a matsayin wani kwas na karatu tsakanin fannoni daban-daban a wasu kwalejoji, suna ɗaukar irin wannan hanyar zuwa wasu nazarin asali kamar nazarin mata, nazarin queer, da [[Nazarin baƙar fata|nazarin Afirka-Amurkawa]] . Tun daga shekarar 2011, akwai darussa guda biyu na Australiya da darussa goma na Amurka waɗanda aka fi mayar da hankali kan nazarin kitse ko [[Lafiya a Kowani Mataki|Lafiya a Kowane Girma]], da kuma wasu darussa da yawa waɗanda ke da wasu abubuwan da suka dace da kitse. Taylor & Francis sun buga mujallar ''Nazarin Kitse'' ta yanar gizo. An gudanar da taron karawa juna sani na farko na ƙasa na Nazarin Kitse a York a watan Mayu 2008, wanda ya kai ga buga littafin ''Fat Studies a Burtaniya'' na 2009, wanda Corinna Tomrley da Ann Kalosky Naylor suka shirya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fat Studies in the UK |url=http://www.rawnervebooks.co.uk/FSUK.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317214349/http://www.rawnervebooks.co.uk/FSUK.html |archive-date=2012-03-17 |publisher=Raw Nerve. Books}}</ref> == Rarrabuwa a cikin motsi == An raba ƙungiyar karɓar kiba a martanin da ta mayar ga dokar da aka gabatar wadda ta bayyana mutanen da ke da kiba a matsayin nakasassu. Mamba a hukumar NAAFA, Peggy Howell, ta ce: "Akwai rikici da yawa a cikin al'ummar karɓar kiba a kan wannan. Ban ɗauki kaina a matsayin nakasassu ba, kuma wasu mutane ba sa son a ɗauke ni a matsayin 'mai kiba' a matsayin nakasa." Wani mutum da Amy Erdman ta yi hira da shi a cikin littafinta mai suna Fat Shame ya lura da wani misali na kyakkyawan hangen nesa na ƙiba a matsayin nakasa a cikin al'umma baki ɗaya: "[Deborah Harper] ta yi magana game da yadda ta burge ni da yadda mutane da yawa ke yi mata sassauci cikin natsuwa da ladabi." Mata suna da himma musamman a cikin ƙungiyar karɓar kiba kuma membobin ƙungiyoyin karɓar kiba suna mamaye mata masu matsakaicin matsayi a cikin mafi girman kashi 1-2% na yawan jama'a. Membobi sun soki rashin wakilci a cikin ƙungiyar daga maza, mutanen launin fata, da mutanen da ke da ƙarancin matsayi a cikin zamantakewa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Webb |first=Cary |date=4 January 2014 |title=Why I'm Over The Size Acceptance Movement or Hey, SA, What Have You Done For Me Lately? |url=http://www.xojane.com/issues/why-im-over-the-size-acceptance-movement-or-hey-sa-what-have-you-done-for-me-lately |access-date=4 May 2016 |website=XOJane.com |publisher=XOJANE}}</ref> == Suka == An yi suka ga ƙungiyar karɓar kitse daga fuskoki da dama. Babban sukar da ake yi ita ce karɓar kitse ya yi watsi da binciken da ya nuna cewa matsalolin lafiya suna da alaƙa da kiba, don haka yana ƙarfafa rayuwa mara kyau. A shekara ta 2008, Lily-Rygh Glen, marubuciya, mawaƙiya, kuma tsohuwar mai fafutukar karɓar kitse, ta yi hira da mata da yawa waɗanda suka yi iƙirarin cewa takwarorinsu a cikin ƙungiyar sun ƙi ta kuma aka yi musu lakabi da "masu cin amana" lokacin da suka canza abincinsu. === Sukar likita === Lafiyar ɗan adam batu ne mai fuskoki da yawa; binciken kimiyya mai zurfi ya nuna cewa dangantakar da ke tsakanin nauyi da lafiya tana da sarkakiya. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kang |first=Xingping |last2=Shaw |first2=Leslee J. |last3=Hayes |first3=Sean W. |last4=Hachamovitch |first4=Rory |last5=Abidov |first5=Aiden |last6=Cohen |first6=Ishac |last7=Friedman |first7=John D. |last8=Thomson |first8=Louise E.J. |last9=Polk |first9=Donna |last10=Germano |first10=Guido |last11=Berman |first11=Daniel S. |date=April 2006 |title=Impact of Body Mass Index on Cardiac Mortality in Patients With Known or Suspected Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Myocardial Perfusion Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0735109706001604 |journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology |language=en |volume=47 |issue=7 |pages=1418–1426 |doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2005.11.062 |pmid=16580531 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Guo |first=Fangjian |last2=Garvey |first2=W. Timothy |date=February 2016 |title=Cardiometabolic disease risk in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity: Stability of metabolic health status in adults |journal=Obesity |language=en |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=516–525 |doi=10.1002/oby.21344 |issn=1930-7381 |pmc=4731253 |pmid=26719125}}</ref> An soki ƙungiyar karɓar kitse saboda rashin ƙara daraja ga muhawarar kan lafiyar ɗan adam, inda wasu masu suka suka zargi ƙungiyar da "haɓaka salon rayuwa wanda zai iya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga lafiya". <ref name="ABC2012"/> <ref name="The New York Times"/> <ref name="articles.cnn.com"/> Akwai shaidu da yawa da ke nuna cewa kasancewa mai kiba yana da alaƙa da ƙaruwar mace-mace da cututtuka, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gorgievska-Sukarovska |first=B. |last2=Lipozencić |first2=J. |last3=Susac |first3=A. |year=2008 |title=Obesity and allergic diseases |journal=Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=231–235 |pmid=19111150}}</ref> da raguwar nauyi mai yawa (>10%), ta amfani da nau'ikan abinci iri-iri, yana inganta ko kuma yana mayar da cututtukan metabolism da sauran sakamakon lafiya da ke da alaƙa da kiba. <ref name="USGuidelines2013">{{Cite journal |last=Jensen |first=MD |last2=Ryan |first2=DH |last3=Apovian |first3=CM |last4=Ard |first4=JD |last5=Comuzzie |first5=AG |last6=Donato |first6=KA |last7=Hu |first7=FB |last8=Hubbard |first8=VS |last9=Jakicic |first9=JM |last10=Kushner |first10=RF |last11=Loria |first11=CM |last12=Millen |first12=BE |last13=Nonas |first13=CA |last14=Pi-Sunyer |first14=FX |last15=Stevens |first15=J |date=24 June 2014 |title=2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. |journal=Circulation |type=Professional society guideline |volume=129 |issue=25 Suppl 2 |pages=S102-38 |doi=10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee |pmc=5819889 |pmid=24222017}}</ref> <ref name="Thom2017">{{Cite journal |last=Thom |first=G |last2=Lean |first2=M |date=May 2017 |title=Is There an Optimal Diet for Weight Management and Metabolic Health? |url=http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/137779/7/137779.pdf |journal=Gastroenterology |type=Review |volume=152 |issue=7 |pages=1739–1751 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.056 |pmid=28214525}}</ref> <ref name="Kuchkuntla2018">{{Cite journal |last=Kuchkuntla |first=AR |last2=Limketkai |first2=B |last3=Nanda |first3=S |last4=Hurt |first4=RT |last5=Mundi |first5=MS |date=December 2018 |title=Fad Diets: Hype or Hope? |journal=Current Nutrition Reports |type=Review |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=310–323 |doi=10.1007/s13668-018-0242-1 |pmid=30168044 |s2cid=52132504}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |year=2018 |title=Obesity and overweight |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight |publisher=World Health Organization |language=en}}</ref> Barry Franklin, darektan wani cibiyar gyaran zuciya, ya ce: "Ba na son ɗaukar wata ƙungiya ta musamman amma... Ƙungiya ta zamantakewa da za ta ba da shawarar lafiya a kowane fanni na iya zama yaudara." <ref name="Worth2013" /> Franklin ya kuma yarda cewa mutanen da suka yi kiba masu lafiya suna da ƙarancin mace-macen zuciya da jijiyoyin jini fiye da mutanen da suka yi siriri, marasa lafiya, kuma masu goyon bayan ƙungiyar karɓar kiba suna jayayya cewa mutane na kowane siffa da girma za su iya zaɓar halaye da ke tallafawa lafiyarsu da lafiyarsu ta jiki. <ref name="Worth2013">{{Cite web |last=Worth |first=Tammy |title=Is the Fat Acceptance Movement Bad for Our Health? |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/01/06/fat.acceptance/index.html?_s=PM:HEALTH |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505043008/http://edition.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/01/06/fat.acceptance/index.html?_s=PM:HEALTH |archive-date=5 May 2014 |access-date=30 June 2013 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] py1ercejmml7i7r3y6776jcpq6jrb0g 0 156423 863359 853703 2026-06-21T17:12:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''''Mycoplasma'' hominis''''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''''Metamycoplasma hominis''''') nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta ne a cikin jinsin Mycoplasmaa . ''M. hominis{{Spaces}}'' yana da ikon shiga cikin ƙwayoyin ɗan adam.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-10-19 |title=Mycoplasma hominis PG21 |url=http://www.cns.fr/spip/-Mycoplasma-hominis-PG21-.html |access-date=2015-08-30 |publisher=Site du Genoscope |archive-date=2015-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923205047/http://www.cns.fr/spip/-Mycoplasma-hominis-PG21-.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tare da ureaplasmas, mycoplasmas sune mafi ƙanƙanta kwayoyin da aka sani. Ba su da bango na tantanin halitta sabili da haka ba su da Gram stain.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Gram Staining Rules |url=https://www.atsu.edu/faculty/chamberlain/mosdoh/gramstainingrules.htm |access-date=2020-08-02 |website=www.atsu.edu}}</ref> ''Mycoplasma hominis'' yana da alaƙa da cututtukan kumburi na pelvic <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Taylor-Robinson |first=D |date=Oct 1996 |title=Infections due to species of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma: an update |journal=Clin Infect Dis |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=671–82 |doi=10.1093/clinids/23.4.671 |pmid=8909826}}</ref> da ƙwayoyin cuta. <ref name="Sternak">{{Cite journal |last=Ljubin-Sternak |first=Sunčanica |last2=Meštrović |first2=Tomislav |date=2014 |title=Review: Chlamydia trachomatis and Genital Mycoplasmias: Pathogens with an Impact on Human Reproductive Health |journal=Journal of Pathogens |volume=2014 |doi=10.1155/2014/183167 |pmc=4295611 |pmid=25614838 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Mastro2013">{{Cite journal |last=Mastromarino |first=Paola |last2=Vitali |first2=Beatrice |last3=Mosca |first3=Luciana |date=2013 |title=Bacterial vaginosis: a review on clinical trials with probiotics |url=http://www.newmicrobiologica.org/PUB/allegati_pdf/2013/3/229.pdf |journal=New Microbiologica |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=229–238 |pmid=23912864 |access-date=2026-06-10 |archive-date=2015-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518165920/http://www.newmicrobiologica.org/PUB/allegati_pdf/2013/3/229.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hakanan yana da alaƙa da rashin haihuwa na namiji.<ref name="pmid26311339"> {{Cite journal |last=C. Huang |last2=H.L. Zhu |last3=K.R. Xu |last4=S.Y. Wang |last5=L.Q. Fan |last6=W.B. Zhu |date=September 2015 |title=Mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection and male infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=Andrology |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=809–816 |doi=10.1111/andr.12078 |pmid=26311339 |s2cid=39834287 |doi-access=free}} </ref> Wannan nau'in yana haifar da kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar jima'i.{{Sfn|Ljubin-Sternak|Meštrović|2014}} Yana da saukin kamuwa da maganin rigakafi clindamycin.<ref name="Davisclind">{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=Clindamycin |url=https://davisplus.fadavis.com/3976/meddeck/pdf/clindamycin.pdf |access-date=15 December 2017 |publisher=FA Davis Company |archive-date=14 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114145319/https://davisplus.fadavis.com/3976/meddeck/pdf/clindamycin.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Girman yankuna na "tsuntsu" a kan matsakaiciyar glucose agar a cikin awanni 24-72 alama ce ta ''Mycoplasma hominis''. Wannan kwayar cuta na iya kamuwa da ƙwayoyin Chorionic villi na mata masu juna biyu, don haka yana tasiri ga sakamakon ciki.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Contini C, Rotondo JC, Magagnoli F, Maritati M, Seraceni S, Graziano A, Poggi A, Capucci R, Vesce F, Tognon M, Martini F |date=2018 |title=Investigation on silent bacterial infections in specimens from pregnant women affected by spontaneous miscarriage. |journal=J Cell Physiol |volume=234 |issue=1 |pages=100–9107 |doi=10.1002/jcp.26952 |pmid=30078192 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Ilimin halittu da ilmin sunadarai == Halin yana da bambanci sosai kuma yana da alama ya dogara, a wani ɓangare, akan shekarun al'ada kamar yadda mafi ƙanƙanta da aka lura, yana fitowa daga jikin farko, yana da 80 nm zuwa 100 nm a diamita.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Anderson |first=D. R. |last2=Barile |first2=M. F. |date=July 1965 |title=Ultrastructure of Mycoplasma hominis |journal=Journal of Bacteriology |volume=90 |issue=1 |pages=180–192 |doi=10.1128/JB.90.1.180-192.1965 |issn=0021-9193 |pmc=315612 |pmid=16562016}}</ref> An lura da nau'ikan sel daban-daban daban-daban daga kwayoyin coccoid zuwa filaments da kuma tsarin da ba daidai ba tare da siffofin coccoid da zobe- ko sel masu kama da diski da ke mulki. Siffofin Coccal na jinsunan suna da alaƙa da fission na binary yayin da aka haɗu da ƙananan filaments, kuma an haɗu da ƙwayoyin budding. Wannan gaskiyar tare da gaskiyar cewa a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban, iri ɗaya sun girma a ƙididdiga daban-daban. Yanayin al'adu sun rinjayi yawan rarrabuwa da yanayin salula a cikin wannan nau'in.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Robertson |first=J. A. |last2=Alfa |first2=M. |last3=Boatman |first3=E. S. |date=1983 |title=Morphology of the cells and colonies of Mycoplasma hominis |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6364404 |journal=Sexually Transmitted Diseases |volume=10 |issue=4 Suppl |pages=232–239 |issn=0148-5717 |pmid=6364404}}</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp; Abubuwan da ke ciki na manyan sel a cikin jinsin suma suna da bambanci. Wadannan sel na iya ƙunshe da tsari daban-daban kamar ribosome-kamar granules, yankunan nukiliya na netlike strands, jiki mai yawa na cytoplasmic da manyan vacuoles. Wadannan abubuwan lura sun nuna hanyoyi da yawa na haifuwa ga wannan kwayar halitta.<ref name=":0"/> === Metabolism === Binciken jerin kwayoyin halittar ''M. hominis'' PG21 ya nuna cewa wannan kwayar halitta ita ce ta biyu mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin kwayoyin halitta masu rai.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Pereyre |first=Sabine |last2=Sirand-Pugnet |first2=Pascal |last3=Beven |first3=Laure |last4=Charron |first4=Alain |last5=Renaudin |first5=Hélène |last6=Barré |first6=Aurélien |last7=Avenaud |first7=Philippe |last8=Jacob |first8=Daniel |last9=Couloux |first9=Arnaud |last10=Barbe |first10=Valérie |last11=de Daruvar |first11=Antoine |date=October 2009 |title=Life on arginine for Mycoplasma hominis: clues from its minimal genome and comparison with other human urogenital mycoplasmas |journal=PLOS Genetics |volume=5 |issue=10 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1000677 |issn=1553-7404 |pmc=2751442 |pmid=19816563 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Saboda ƙananan ƙwayoyin halittar su, ''M. hominis'' sun rage damar metabolism wanda ke da alamun hanyoyi daban-daban na samar da makamashi.<ref name=":1" /> Hanyoyi uku na makamashi da M. hominis ke iya wucewa shine Embden-Meyerhoff-Parnas (EMP), arginine dihydrolase da Riboflavin metabolism.<ref name=":1" /> === Ci gaban al'adu === Mycoplasma hominis, kwayar halitta ba tare da bango ba, yana da wahala a gano shi saboda ba za a iya gano shi ta hanyar Gram staining ba.[1] Al'adu yana da buƙata kuma yana cin lokaci saboda buƙatu na musamman kuma yayin da gwajin DNA kai tsaye zaɓi ne, ba koyaushe yana da hankali sosai ba, kuma ba duk dakunan gwaje-gwaje suna da ƙarfinsa ba.[2] Wannan mai yiwuwa yana haifar da rashin bayar da rahoto game da kamuwa da cuta na M. hominis, wanda ke haifar da jinkirin ganewar asali da kuma sakamakon magani mara kyau Kwayoyin M. homines da aka shirya daga al'adun rukuni suna nuna ci gaban haɓaka iri ɗaya kuma suna bayyana su rarraba ta hanyar tsarin fission na binary tare da siffofin pleomorphic da ke bayyana a kan ƙarin incubation. [3][4] Irin wannan hali ya nuna ta hanyar wani nau'in da aka daidaita da dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma wasu nau'ikan asibiti guda uku, suna sa wannan ya zama alama ce ta jinsin.[4] M. hominis yana girma a cikin kafofin watsa labarai daban-daban na dakin gwaje-gwaje, kamar su broth arginine kuma ana iya noma shi a cikin ruwa.[5] Girma a cikin wannan nau'in, da kuma mafi yawan nau'in Mycoplasma, ana motsa shi ta hanyar numfashi na anaerobic.[6] == Dubi kuma == * [[Cutar da ake kamuwa ta jima'i|Cutar da ake samu ta hanyar jima'i]] * Cutar da ke cikin farji * Cutar farji * Jerin microbiota na ƙwayoyin cuta == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] t6op9kd0y1wysqyxevfhhqy8bskf78q 0 156486 863002 853931 2026-06-21T13:07:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863002 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cheikh Moussa Diagné Ly''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Maris, 1994) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] ne na ƙasar Senegal a ƙungiyar Iberostar Tenerife ta La Liga ACB . Shi cibiya ce, amma kuma yana iya taka leda a matsayin mai ƙarfin gwiwa . An saka shi a cikin jerin manyan 'yan wasan da za su fafata a gasar NBA ta 2015, <ref>{{Cite web |title=2015 NBA Mock Draft |url=http://www.draftexpress.com/nba-mock-draft/2015/ |access-date=27 January 2015 |website=DraftExpress.com}}</ref> <ref name="nbadraft">{{Cite web |title=Moussa Diagne |url=http://www.nbadraft.net/players/moussa-diagne |access-date=27 January 2015 |website=NBADraft.net}}</ref> amma ba a zaɓe shi ba. == Rayuwa ta farko == {{Databox}} An haifi Diagne a ranar 6 ga Maris, 1994, kuma ya girma a Guédiawaye, Senegal . Babban kocin David Sanz na ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasar Sipaniya, Baloncesto Torrejón, ya gano shi a sansanin ƙwallon kwando da ke Rufisque . A lokacin bazara na 2011, yana da shekaru 17, Diagne ya koma [[Madrid|Madrid, Spain]] a yunƙurin yin gogayya da Torrejón. Duk da haka, bai da ƙwarewa sosai wajen buga wasan kafin ya isa Turai. Diagne ya buga wasanni a gasannin gida da kuma rukuni na huɗu na Sipaniya. <ref name="nbadraft" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moussa Diagne |url=http://www.draftexpress.com/profile/Moussa-Diagne-7126/ |access-date=27 January 2015 |website=DraftExpress.com |archive-date=29 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329124939/http://www.draftexpress.com/profile/Moussa-Diagne-7126/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sana'ar ƙwararru == Bayan Diagne ya kammala haɓaka hazakarsa da Torrejón, a shekarar 2013, Baloncesto Fuenlabrada na Liga ACB ya saye shi. <ref name="nbadraft"/> Duk da ya koma Fuenlabrada, Diagne ya buga wasa da ƙungiyar ƙwararru ta Ávila, Óbila CB, ta LEB Plata, a mafi yawan shekararsa ta farko. Ya kuma fafata a gasar Eurobasket Summer League don La Serna. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moussa Diagne basketball profile |url=http://basketball.eurobasket.com/player/Moussa_Diagne/239411 |access-date=27 January 2015 |website=Eurobasket.com}}</ref> Duk da cewa ɗan ƙaramin abin da zai iya yi a gasar, ya janye daga gasar NBA ta 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Moussa Diagne Player Profile |url=http://basketball.realgm.com/player/Moussa-Diagne/Summary/43778 |access-date=27 January 2015 |website=[[RealGM.com]]}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga Yuli, 2015, Diagne ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku da kulob din FC Barcelona Lassa na Sifaniya. A ranar 8 ga Agusta, 2017, FC Barcelona ta ba shi aro ga MoraBanc Andorra don kakar wasa ta 2017–18. A ranar 29 ga Yuni, 2018, Barcelona ta rabu da shi. A ranar 20 ga Yuli, 2018, Diagne ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da kulob din Sifaniya MoraBanc Andorra . A ranar 2 ga Agusta, 2022, ya sanya hannu da Iberostar Tenerife na Liga ACB . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=August 2, 2022 |title=El Lenovo Tenerife ficha a Moussa Diagne |url=https://cbcanarias.net/2022/08/02/el-lenovo-tenerife-ficha-a-moussa-diagne/ |access-date=December 21, 2022 |website=cbcanarias.net |publisher= |language=es}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] mcm7lv06i56lzzxa3tig6fm5o12o5ig 0 157027 863440 855696 2026-06-21T19:19:43Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1262616564|Anse Intendance]]" 863440 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anse Intendance''' bakin teku ne da ke gabar tekun kudu maso yammacin [[Mahé|tsibirin Mahé]], [[Seychelles]] . == Wuri == Tekun yana cikin gundumar Takamaka da ke tsibirin, kimanin kilomita 30 daga babban birnin [[Biktoriya|Victoria]] . Don isa Anse Intendance daga Titin Yammacin Tekun, wanda aka fi sani da Latanier Road, ku nufi kudu zuwa Titin Kudancin Tekun (Hanya ta 5) har sai kun isa ofishin 'yan sanda na Quatre Bornes. Daga Titin Gabashin Tekun, wanda aka fi sani da Titin Grand Anse, ku yi tafiya kudu har sai kun isa mahadar 'yan sanda ɗaya. Daga ofishin 'yan sanda na Quatre Bornes, ku bi hanyar siminti mai tsawon kilomita 1.7 zuwa bakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anse Intendance {{!}} Mahé, Seychelles {{!}} Attractions |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/seychelles/mahe/west-coast/attractions/anse-intendance/a/poi-sig/1404216/355600 |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=Lonely Planet}}</ref> == Flora da fauna == Bakin teku wuri ne mai muhimmanci na yin gida ga kunkuru na teku na Hawksbill ( ''Eretmochelys imbricata'' ). A shekara ta 2006, [[Guguwar Bondo|Cyclone Bondo]] ya haifar da zaizayar ƙasa mai tsanani, inda ya lalata kusan kashi 90% na gidajen kunkuru a Intendance. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Talma |first=Elke |title=Intendance beach vegetation rehabilitation project -Archive -Seychelles Nation |url=https://www.nation.sc/archive/216950/intendance-beach-vegetation-rehabilitation-project |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=www.nation.sc}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, ƙungiyar kare muhalli ta ruwa ta Seychelles ta gabatar da shawarar sanya Anse Intendance a matsayin yanki mai kariya a Tsibirin Mahé don kare kunkuru na teku na hawksbill a lokacin da suke yin gida, daga 1 ga Satumba zuwa 31 ga Maris <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bonnelame |first=Betymie |title=Protected areas proposed for hawksbill sea turtle nesting period on Seychelles' main island |url=http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/14999/Protected+areas+proposed+for+hawksbill+sea+turtle+nesting+period+on+Seychelles'+main+island |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=www.seychellesnewsagency.com}}</ref> == A cikin kafofin watsa labarai == * A shekarar 2018, [[CNN]] ta sanya wannan bakin teku a cikin mafi kyau a Seychelles. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Levius |first=Travis |date=2018-08-07 |title=Best beaches in the Seychelles |url=https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/seychelles-best-beaches/index.html |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=CNN}}</ref> * A shekarar 2024, jaridar The Times ta lissafa wannan bakin teku a matsayi na 4 daga cikin mafi kyawun rairayin bakin teku 14 a Seychelles. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomson |first=Emma |date=2024-09-18 |title=14 of the best beaches in the Seychelles |url=https://www.thetimes.com/travel/destinations/africa-travel/seychelles/best-beaches-in-the-seychelles-flmg0wh06 |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=[[The Times]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == cbfiom8jxz7hc0zmvilgtt7rmv7vja9 863441 863440 2026-06-21T19:20:11Z Engineer014 44591 863441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Anse Intendance''' bakin teku ne da ke gabar tekun kudu maso yammacin [[Mahé|tsibirin Mahé]], [[Seychelles]] . == Wuri == Tekun yana cikin gundumar Takamaka da ke tsibirin, kimanin kilomita 30 daga babban birnin [[Biktoriya|Victoria]] . Don isa Anse Intendance daga Titin Yammacin Tekun, wanda aka fi sani da Latanier Road, ku nufi kudu zuwa Titin Kudancin Tekun (Hanya ta 5) har sai kun isa ofishin 'yan sanda na Quatre Bornes. Daga Titin Gabashin Tekun, wanda aka fi sani da Titin Grand Anse, ku yi tafiya kudu har sai kun isa mahadar 'yan sanda ɗaya. Daga ofishin 'yan sanda na Quatre Bornes, ku bi hanyar siminti mai tsawon kilomita 1.7 zuwa bakin teku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anse Intendance {{!}} Mahé, Seychelles {{!}} Attractions |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/seychelles/mahe/west-coast/attractions/anse-intendance/a/poi-sig/1404216/355600 |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=Lonely Planet}}</ref> == Flora da fauna == Bakin teku wuri ne mai muhimmanci na yin gida ga kunkuru na teku na Hawksbill ( ''Eretmochelys imbricata'' ). A shekara ta 2006, [[Guguwar Bondo|Cyclone Bondo]] ya haifar da zaizayar ƙasa mai tsanani, inda ya lalata kusan kashi 90% na gidajen kunkuru a Intendance. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Talma |first=Elke |title=Intendance beach vegetation rehabilitation project -Archive -Seychelles Nation |url=https://www.nation.sc/archive/216950/intendance-beach-vegetation-rehabilitation-project |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=www.nation.sc}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, ƙungiyar kare muhalli ta ruwa ta Seychelles ta gabatar da shawarar sanya Anse Intendance a matsayin yanki mai kariya a Tsibirin Mahé don kare kunkuru na teku na hawksbill a lokacin da suke yin gida, daga 1 ga Satumba zuwa 31 ga Maris <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bonnelame |first=Betymie |title=Protected areas proposed for hawksbill sea turtle nesting period on Seychelles' main island |url=http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/14999/Protected+areas+proposed+for+hawksbill+sea+turtle+nesting+period+on+Seychelles'+main+island |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=www.seychellesnewsagency.com}}</ref> == A cikin kafofin watsa labarai == * A shekarar 2018, [[CNN]] ta sanya wannan bakin teku a cikin mafi kyau a Seychelles. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Levius |first=Travis |date=2018-08-07 |title=Best beaches in the Seychelles |url=https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/seychelles-best-beaches/index.html |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=CNN}}</ref> * A shekarar 2024, jaridar The Times ta lissafa wannan bakin teku a matsayi na 4 daga cikin mafi kyawun rairayin bakin teku 14 a Seychelles. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomson |first=Emma |date=2024-09-18 |title=14 of the best beaches in the Seychelles |url=https://www.thetimes.com/travel/destinations/africa-travel/seychelles/best-beaches-in-the-seychelles-flmg0wh06 |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=[[The Times]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == ecusjszvcy8qd0nae7cwu35pdmpf0hy 0 157400 863675 857789 2026-06-22T06:37:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863675 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Otal din Victoria Falls''' otal ne mai tarihi a [[Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe]], wanda ke da kyau sosai tare da ra'ayi na biyu da [[Victoria Falls Bridge]] daga tashinsa. Yana cikin ƙungiyar The Leading Hotels of the World marketing kuma African Sun Limited da Meikles ne ke sarrafawa. == Tarihi == An buɗe otal ɗin a cikin 1904 don saukar da fasinjoji a kan sabuwar hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta Rhodesia Railways Ltd, wani ɓangare na shirin Cape zuwa Cairo Railway. Daga baya ya kasance wurin tsayawa don sabis na jirgin ruwa na BOAC tsakanin [[Southampton]] da [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. A watan Satumbar 1904, Gimbiya Kirista ta Schleswig-Holstein da 'yarta, Gimbiya Helena Victoria sun zama baƙi na farko na sarauta na sabon otal ɗin da aka buɗe. Otal din ya karbi baƙi na sarauta a lokuta da yawa, gami da Sarki George VI da iyalinsa a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1947. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Roberts |first=Peter |title=To the Victoria Falls - Royal Visit 1947 |url=http://www.tothevictoriafalls.com/vfpages/tourism/royalvisit.html |access-date=2021-10-28 |website=www.tothevictoriafalls.com |language=en-gb |archive-date=2011-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113142755/http://www.tothevictoriafalls.com/vfpages/tourism/royalvisit.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Otal din ya kasance wurin da aka gudanar da manyan tarurruka na siyasa. A cikin 1949 [[Roy Welensky]] ya shirya wani taro a can don tattauna yadda aka kirkiro [[Tarayyar Rhodesia da Nyasaland]], kuma a cikin 1963, Taron Victoria Falls a otal ɗin ya haifar da rushewar tarayyar. Ya dauki bakuncin Taron Victoria Falls na 1975 don kokarin warware [[Sanarwar 'Yancin Kai ta Rhodesia]] wanda ya biyo bayan rushewar Tarayyar. A cikin 2022, Ikilisiyar Anglican na Lardin Afirka ta Tsakiya ta gabatar da lambar yabo ga otal ɗin don kula da ɗakin sujada na cikin gida, inda ake gudanar da taro na mako-mako ban da ayyuka na musamman kamar bukukuwan aure. [[Fayil:The_Victoria_Falls_Hotel.jpg|thumb|Otal din Victoria Falls]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{The Leading Hotels of the World|Africa}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.victoriafallshotel.com/}} {{Authority control}} 33ien199dn1joeo48spzahinoav0w7w 0 157440 863486 857065 2026-06-21T20:26:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ana gudanar da nazarin ilimi game da [[Baha'i|Ibada ta Bahá'í]], koyarwarta, tarihinta da adabi a wurare daban-daban, ciki har da cibiyoyin gwamnatin Bahá'í da kuma jami'o'i marasa alaƙa. Wasu malamai suna nazarin wani ɓangare na Ibada ta Bahá'í a matsayin wani ɓangare na bincike kan al'amura masu alaƙa yayin da wasu kuma suna shiga cikin '''nazarin Bahá'í''' a matsayin babban abin da suka mayar da hankali a kai na bincikensu. Sharhin masana game da addinin da magabacinsa [[Bábi|Bábism]] ya samo asali ne tun aƙalla 1845, shekara bayan kafuwarsa. Da farko, galibi suna zama masu wa'azin Gabas ko Kiristoci amma a tsawon lokaci, masu bincike na Bahá'í da waɗanda ba Bahá'í ba sun yi magana game da addinin musamman dangane da ci gaban addinin, wanda aka kira shi mai mahimmanci. == Ƙungiyoyi == * Ƙungiyar Nazarin Bahá'í <ref>{{Cite web |title=Association for Baháʼí Studies |url=http://bahai-studies.ca/ |access-date=2026-06-14 |archive-date=2020-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728233046/https://bahai-studies.ca/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> − An kafa ta a shekarar 1975, ABS tana aiki a ƙarƙashin kulawar Majalisar Ruhaniya ta Ƙasa ta Bahá'ís ta Kanada. * Laburare na Baháʼí Online <ref name="Baháʼí Library Online">{{Cite web |title=Baháʼí Library Online |url=http://bahai-library.com/}}</ref> − wani aiki mai zaman kansa, mai zaman kansa, mai aikin sa kai wanda Jonah Winters da ƙungiyar masu ba da gudummawa suka ƙirƙira. * Laburaren Tunani na Baháʼí − wata hukuma ce ta Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Baháʼí, tana ɗaukar nauyin rubuce-rubucen addini da aka amince da su. * H-Bahai - wani ɓangare na H-Net, wata ƙungiya ta malamai ta duniya, H-Bahai wani gidan yanar gizo ne da ke samar da tarin majiyoyi masu mahimmanci game da addinin. * Taron Irfan * [[Landegg International University|Jami'ar Landegg International University]] − jami'a ce da ta daina aiki daga 1992 zuwa 2003 a ƙarƙashin kulawar al'ummar Bahá'í ta Switzerland * Gidan Tarihi na Unity wani otel ne mai <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 2016 |title=WA Baha'i History Museum ranked #2 best museum in Western Washington |url=http://archive.constantcontact.com/fs138/1101372674346/archive/1123475627506.html |access-date=October 3, 2016 |website=The U District Partnership Newsletter}}</ref> wanda ba shi da haraji a ƙarƙashin [[Washington Museum Association|Ƙungiyar Gidan Tarihi ta Washington]] da kuma Ƙungiyar Gidajen Tarihi ta Amurka, wanda aka keɓe shi daga tsarin ƙungiya na Baháʼí, tare da kwamitin gudanarwa nata, a Seattle, Washington, wanda ke kusa da Jami'ar Washington . * Cibiyar Wilmette − wacce aka kafa a shekarar 1995 a matsayin wani ɓangare na ilimi na Majalisar Ruhaniya ta Ƙasa ta Amurka, Cibiyar Wilmette tana ba da zaman zama na bazara ta yanar gizo da kuma na kan layi. * Mai magana da Faransanci na {{Not a typo|Baha'ie}} na Mediathèque == Mujallu == * ''Bulletin Nazarin Baháʼí'', an buga shi a 1982–1993, [[Newcastle|Newcastle upon Tyne]] . ** Stephen Lambden, Farfesa na Nazarin Addini a Jami'ar Newcastle upon Tyne (wanda aka ce jami'ar ba ta da alaƙa da Bulletin) ne ya gyara ''Bulletin Nazarin Bahá'í'', ya kwafi shi kuma ya rarraba shi. Masu ba da gudummawa farfesoshin jami'a ne da sauran malamai, kuma shekarun farko sun ga ''Bulletin'' waɗanda suka haɗa da rubuce-rubuce da rubuce-rubuce da hannu (na tsare-tsare daban-daban). <ref>{{Cite journal |editor-last=Lambden |editor-first=Stephen |title=Mission Statement (?) (volume 3, issue 4, inner-cover/page 1) |url=https://networks.h-net.org/system/files/contributed-files/023-bahai-studies-bulletin.pdf |journal=Baháʼí Studies Bulletin and Monographs, 1982-1993 (A single PDF of all volumes) |location=[[Newcastle upon Tyne]] |publisher=Stephen Lambden @ University of Newcastle upon Tyne |page=522<!--- page # of the 1406 page "every Bulletin EVER" pdf --->}}</ref> Yawancin masu ba da gudummawa daga baya sun bayyana a cikin mujallu na baya-bayan nan, "masu kyau" da aka jera a nan. * ''Nazarin Baháʼí'' (wani littafi mai harsuna biyu na Faransanci da Ingilishi, cikakken suna a bangon mujallar shine ''Études Baháʼí Studies'' ) ** An buga 19 zuwa 1987, a [[Ottawa]], ta ƙungiyar Kanada don Nazari kan Imani na Bahá'í <ref>{{Cite journal |date=January 1979 |title=(for example) The Bahá'í Faith in Russia: Two Early Instances |url=https://bahai-library.com/lee_bahai_community_ishqabad |journal=Études Baháʼí Studies |location=[[Ottawa]] |publisher=Canadian Association for Studies on the Baháʼí Faith |volume=5 |access-date=2020-10-10 |via=Bahá'í Library Online}}</ref> ** Ƙungiyar Kanada, da mujallarta, sun canza sunaye a shekarar 1988 - duba labarin da ke tafe... * ''Mujallar Nazarin Baháʼí'' (wani littafi mai harsuna uku na Faransanci-Turanci-Spanish) ** An buga shi tun daga shekarar 1988, a [[Ottawa]], ta Ƙungiyar Nazarin Bahá'í (Arewacin Amurka), wata hukuma ta Majalisar Ruhaniya ta Ƙasa ta Bahá'ís ta Kanada. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Journal of Baháʼí Studies |url=https://bahaistudies.ca/publications/ |access-date=2020-10-11 |website=Association for Baháʼí Studies (North America) |publisher=National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá’ís of Canada}}</ref> * ''Mujallar Baháʼí ta Al'ummar Baháʼí ta Ƙasar Ingila ta Burtaniya da Arewacin Ireland'' ko kuma ''Mujallar Baháʼí ta Burtaniya'' wasu daga cikinsu an mayar da su dijital kuma an adana su akan layi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Baha'i Journal UK - Index to issues published on-line |url=http://www.bahaijournal.org.uk/archives.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209213354/http://www.bahaijournal.org.uk/archives.htm |archive-date=9 February 2008 |access-date=12 January 2022 |website=www.bahaijournal.org.uk}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bahá'í Journal of the United Kingdom |url=http://bahai-library.com/bahai_journal_united_kingdom}}</ref> Sannan aka sake sabunta mujallar kuma aka kira ta Burtaniya Baha'i Journal. * ''Sharhin Nazarin Baháʼí'' * Jerin Littattafan Dijital na H-Bahai − wanda H-Bahai ya buga, wanda ya ƙunshi ''Takardu na Lokaci-lokaci a Nazarin Shaykhi, Babi da Baha'i'' ; ''Bayanan Bincike a Nazarin Shaykhi, Babi da Baha'i; Takardu kan Motsin Shaykhi, Babi da Baha'i'' ; da ''Fassarorin Rubutun Farko na Shaykhi, Babi da Baha'i'' * Irfan Colloquia, wanda ya ƙunshi ''Safini-yi 'Irfán'' : Takardun da Aka Gabatar a ʻIrfán Colloquia (cikin Farisa); ''Hasken ʻIrfán'' : Takardun da Aka Gabatar a ʻIrfán Colloquia and Seminars (a Turanci), da ''Beiträge des 'Irfán-Kolloquiums'' : 'Irfán-Studien zum Baháʼí-Schrifttum (a cikin Jamusanci) * ''Sharhin Baha'i na Burtaniya'', wanda aka tsara shi ta hanyar dijital kuma an adana shi akan layi <ref>{{Cite web |title=UK Bahá'í Review Spring 2005 |url=http://www.bahai.org.uk/uk_review/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100814192907/http://www.bahai.org.uk/uk_review/ |archive-date=14 August 2010 |access-date=12 January 2022 |website=www.bahai.org.uk}}</ref> * ''Mujallar World Order'' (an buga ta daga 1935–1949 da 1966–2002) == Manazarta == 8tsgb0y57al74rubdux3jah5v1oz3te 0 157618 863756 857594 2026-06-22T09:47:48Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Paul Victor Louis Zipser''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu 1994) ƙwararren ɗan wasan [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] ne na Jamus a MLP Academics Heidelberg na Basketball Bundesliga (BBL). Yana tsaye a {{Convert|2.03|m|ftin}}, galibi yana wasa ne a ƙaramin matsayi na gaba . Chicago Bulls ne suka zaɓe shi da zaɓe na 48 a cikin jerin 'yan wasan NBA na 2016 . == Sana'ar ƙwararru == === Heidelberg (2010–2012) === Zipser ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru a garinsu tare da USC Heidelberg a shekarar 2010. A shekarar 2011–12, ya samu matsakaicin maki 7.9, ya samu nasarar yin ƙwallo sau 3, sannan ya taimaka wajen zura ƙwallo sau 1.2 a kowane wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paul Zipser Basketball Profile |url=http://basketball.eurobasket.com/player/Paul_Zipser/Germany/BMuenchen/202754 |access-date=25 April 2015 |website=Eurobasket.com}}</ref> Ya jagoranci wasanni biyu kacal a Heidelberg a shekarar 2012–13 saboda rauni. === Bayern Munich (2013–2016) === A ranar 18 ga Janairun 2013, Zipser ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru huɗu da Bayern Munich . A ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015, Zipser ya shiga gasar NBA ta 2015 a matsayin wanda ya fara shiga gasar, <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2015 |title=Paul Zipser enters the 2015 NBA Draft |url=http://www.sportando.com/en/usa/nba/159052/paul-zipser-enters-the-2015-nba-draft.html |access-date=25 April 2015 |website=Sportando.com}}</ref> amma daga baya ya janye daga gasar. A shekarar 2015–16, Zipser ya buga wasanni 40 a gasar Bundesliga ga Bayern Munich, inda ya samu matsakaicin maki 7.1, ya samu damar yin ramuwar gayya 3.6, sannan ya taimaka wajen taimakawa a ci 1.4 a cikin mintuna 18.5 a kowane wasa. A kakar wasa ta bana, an nada shi a matsayin gwarzon matashin ɗan wasan Jamus mafi kyau a gasar. A watan Yunin 2016, Zipser ya halarci Adidas Eurocamp, wani sansanin ƙwallon kwando da ke Treviso don masu sha'awar NBA Draft. An nada shi a matsayin MVP na Eurocamp 2016. === Chicago Bulls (2016–2018) === A ranar 23 ga Yuni 2016, Chicago Bulls ta zaɓi Zipser tare da zaɓe na 48 a cikin jerin 'yan wasan NBA na 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2016 |title=Chicago Bulls draft Paul Zipser, German SF, at No. 48 overall |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/draft2016/story/_/id/16423806/2016-nba-draft-chicago-bulls-draft-paul-zipser-german-sf-no-48-overall |access-date=8 December 2016 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga Yuli, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar da Bulls. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2016 |title=BULLS SIGN PAUL ZIPSER |url=http://www.nba.com/bulls/news/release/bulls-sign-paul-zipser |access-date=15 July 2016 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Janairu 2017, a karo na 11 kacal a kakar wasa, Zipser ya fara aikinsa na farko a wasan da Bulls suka sha kashi a hannun New York Knicks da ci 104-89; ya sami maki bakwai mafi yawa a kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2017 |title=Knicks beat Bulls with big games from Anthony, Rose, Noah |url=http://www.espn.com.au/nba/recap?gameId=400900008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170114123428/http://www.espn.com.au/nba/recap?gameId=400900008 |archive-date=14 January 2017 |access-date=13 January 2017 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Maris, ya zira kwallaye 15 mafi yawa a wasansa a wasan da suka yi nasara a kan Detroit Pistons da ci 117-95. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2017 |title=Mirotic scores season-high 28, Bulls beat Pistons 117-95 |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400900456 |access-date=23 March 2017 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta yau da kullun na Bulls a ranar 12 ga Afrilu, Zipser ya kafa sabon matsayi a wasansa da maki 21 a wasan da suka yi nasara a kan Brooklyn Nets da ci 112-73. A lokacin kakar wasa ta farko, ya sami ayyuka da yawa a Windy City Bulls, ƙungiyar D-League ta Chicago. <ref>{{Cite web |title=2016-17 NBA Assignments |url=http://dleague.nba.com/assignments/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126075350/http://dleague.nba.com/assignments/ |archive-date=26 January 2017 |access-date=17 December 2016 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> A tsawon kakar wasa ta 2017-18, bai samu lokacin wasa sosai ba saboda ofishin 'yan wasan Bulls yana ƙoƙarin haɓaka wasu ƙwararrun matasa. An tura shi zuwa ƙungiyar G-League, Windy City Bulls a lokuta da dama. Zipser ya fara samun ƙarin lokacin wasa a tsakiyar kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 April 2017 |title=Bulls clinch playoff spot with 112-73 rout over Nets |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/recap?gameId=400900600 |access-date=13 April 2017 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> A ranar 18 ga Mayu 2018, an ruwaito cewa an yi wa Zipser tiyata wajen gyara ƙafarsa ta hagu da ta karye. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2018 |title=Bulls F Paul Zipser has surgery to repair broken left foot |url=http://www.nba.com/article/2018/05/18/chicago-bulls-f-paul-zipser-has-surgery-repair-broken-left-foot |access-date=18 May 2018 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Yuli, Bulls sun yafe masa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 July 2018 |title=BULLS SIGN JABARI PARKER |url=https://www.nba.com/bulls/news/bulls-sign-jabari-parker |access-date=15 July 2018 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> === San Pablo Burgos (2019) === Bayan da ya kusa rattaba hannu da Brooklyn Nets a cewar rahotannin kafofin watsa labarai a watan Janairun 2019, Zipser ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta La Liga ACB ta San Pablo Burgos a ranar 17 ga Janairun 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ACB.COM - Paul Zipser se suma al proyecto del San Pablo Burgos |url=http://www.acb.com/redaccion.php?id=145265 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117220343/http://acb.com/redaccion.php?id=145265 |archive-date=17 January 2019 |access-date=18 January 2019}}</ref> === Komawa Bayern Munich (2019–2023) === A ranar 5 ga Agusta 2019, Zipser ya rattaba hannu da Bayern Munich na gasar ƙwallon kwando ta Bundesliga (BBL). <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=August 5, 2019 |title=Paul Zipser kehrt zu den Bayern zurück |url=https://fcbayern.com/basketball/de/news/2019-20/08/zipser-2021 |access-date=March 7, 2022 |website=fcbayern.com |publisher= |language=de}}</ref> === Komawa zuwa Heidelberg (2023–yanzu) === A ranar 1 ga Yuli 2023, bayan hutun shekaru 11, ya sanya hannu a karo na biyu tare da Heidelberg, Jami'in Ilimi na MLP na Bundesliga na Kwando (BBL). <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=July 11, 2023 |title=tDie Rückkehr von Paul Zipser zu den MLP Academics ist perfek |url=https://www.mlp-academics-heidelberg.de/paukenschlag-die-rueckkehr-von-paul-zipser-zu-den-mlp-academics-ist-perfekt-39644 |access-date=July 12, 2023 |website=mlp-academics-heidelberg.de |publisher= |language=de |archive-date=July 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712213106/https://www.mlp-academics-heidelberg.de/paukenschlag-die-rueckkehr-von-paul-zipser-zu-den-mlp-academics-ist-perfekt-39644 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aikin ƙungiyar ƙasa == Zipser ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16 da kuma 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18 ta ƙasar Jamus. Ya buga gasar FIBA ta Turai ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16 ta 2010, gasar FIBA ta Turai ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18 ta 2011 da kuma gasar FIBA ta Turai ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18 ta 2012. A shekarar 2012 ya kuma buga gasar Albert Schweitzer Tournament kuma an zaɓe shi cikin ƙungiyar All-Tournament, inda ya samu matsakaicin maki 14.6, bugun ƙwallo 5 da kuma taimakawa wajen zura ƙwallo 2.3 a kowane wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 April 2012 |title=SPAIN WINS ALBERT SCHWEITZER TOURNAMENT |url=http://www.fibaeurope.com/cid_WI0u,B3DGtkbYppl6GwCd1.coid_eCotC1BYHTgvawrLw3FuR2.articleMode_on.html |access-date=8 December 2016 |website=FIBAEurope.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paul Zipser Player Profile |url=http://basketball.realgm.com/player/Paul-Zipser/Summary/26506 |access-date=8 December 2016 |website=RealGM.com}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Yulin 2015, Zipser ya fara bugawa ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa ta Jamus wasa a wasan da suka yi da Austria . A lokacin FIBA EuroBasket na 2015, ya samu matsakaicin maki 5.2, bugun ƙwallo 5.2 da kuma taimakawa wajen zura ƙwallo 1.8 a kowane wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paul Zipser |url=http://www.eurobasket2015.org/en/compID_qMRZdYCZI6EoANOrUf9le2.season_2015.roundID_9322.teamID_288.playerID_83490.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220124206/http://www.eurobasket2015.org/en/compID_qMRZdYCZI6EoANOrUf9le2.season_2015.roundID_9322.teamID_288.playerID_83490.html |archive-date=20 December 2016 |access-date=8 December 2016 |website=EuroBasket2015.org}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == A lokacin gasar EuroBasket ta 2015, Zipser ya tayar da ce-ce-ku-ce ta hanyar kin sanya hannu kan takardar shaidar Vuk Ivanović, wani yaro ɗan asalin ƙasar Serbia wanda ke sanye da riga ta Serbia, wanda ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana son sayar da takardar shaidar daga baya. <ref name="autograph">{{Cite web |date=9 September 2015 |title=German basketball player refuses to sign a boy's autograph because he is a Serb |url=http://www.telegraf.rs/english/1741413-scandal-at-eurobasket-german-basketball-player-refuses-to-sign-a-boys-autograph-because-he-is-a-serb-exclusive-video |access-date=12 April 2017 |website=telegraf.rs}}</ref> Duk da haka, Zipser ya ba Cocin Orthodox na Saint Sava na Serbian riga da gajeren wando mai kama da ta wasanni don yin raffle na musamman a bikin SerbFest na 2018 a Merrillville, Indiana . <ref>{{Cite web |title=SerbFest – Saint Sava Serbian Orthodox Church – Merrillville, Indiana |url=http://www.saintsava.net/serbfest/ |quote=Nikola Mirotic and Paul Zipser 2016 - 2017 Season Chicago Bulls Game-Worn Autographed Jersey and Shorts}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (January 2019)">mafi kyau&nbsp;tushe&nbsp;ana buƙata</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Euroleague player statistics legend}} === NBA === ==== Lokacin yau da kullun ==== ==== Wasannin neman cancanta ==== === Gasar EuroLeague === == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8hc6wctgqq3kbb2uq6o5zx31sw7246f 0 157640 863768 857719 2026-06-22T10:18:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863768 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Peccaries''' (kuma '''Javelinas''' ko '''[[Aladu|alade]]''' skunk) sune aladu-kamar ungulates na dangin '''TayasSuidae''' (Sabon Duniya aladu). Ana samun su a ko' Amurka ta Tsakiya da Kudancin, [[Trinidad]] a cikin [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]], da kuma yankin kudu maso yamma [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]]. Peccaries yawanci suna auna tsakanin 90 da 130 ft 11 in da 3 in) a tsawon, kuma cikakkiyar girma yawanci tana da nauyin kimanin 20 zuwa 40 . Suna wakiltar dangi mafi kusa na dangin Suidae, wanda ya ƙunshi aladu da dangi. Tare Tayassuidae da Suidae an haɗa su a cikin suborder Suina a cikin tsari Artiodactyla (matsayi masu yatsunsu). Peccaries halittu ne na zamantakewa waɗanda ke zaune a cikin garken. Suna cin komai kuma suna cin tushen, grubs, da sauran abinci iri-iri. Suna iya gane juna ta hanyar wari mai karfi. Wani rukuni na peccaries da ke tafiya da zama tare ana kiransu squadron. Wani rukuni na peccaries matsakaici tsakanin mambobi shida zuwa tara. Suna haihuwa a duk shekara zuwa matsakaicin yara biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Living with Javelina |url=https://www.azgfd.com/wildlife-conservation/living-with-wildlife/living-with-javelina/}}</ref> Peccaries sun fara bayyana a Arewacin Amurka a lokacin Miocene kuma sun yi ƙaura zuwa Kudancin Amurka a zamanin Pliocene-Pleistocene a matsayin wani ɓangare na Babban Musayar Amurka. Lokacin da biyun suka faru a cikin daji a cikin irin wannan kewayon, galibi ana rikitar da su tare da aladu na gida, wanda aka fi sani da aladu "razorback" a sassa da yawa na Amurka. Maya suna kiwon garken peccaries, suna amfani da su a cikin al'ada da kuma abinci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dillon |first=Brian B. |date=1988 |title=Meatless Maya? Ethnoarchaeological Implications for Ancient Subsistence |journal=Journal of New World Archeology |volume=7 |page=60}}</ref> Ana kiyaye su a matsayin dabbobi a kasashe da yawa ban da kiwon su a [[Gona|gonaki]] a matsayin tushen abinci. == Magana == Kalmar peccary ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Carib {{Lang|car|pakira}} ko {{Lang|car|paquira}} . A cikin [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]], ana kiran peccary {{Lang|pt|pecari}}, {{Lang|pt|porco-do-mato}}, {{Lang|pt|queixada}}, {{Lang|pt|tajaçu}}, da sauran sunaye kamar {{Lang|pt|Cateto}} ko {{Lang|pt|Caititu}}. A cikin [[Yaren Sifen|Mutanen Espanya]], ana kiranta {{Lang|es|javelina}}, {{Lang|es|jabalí}} (kalma da aka yi amfani da ita don bayyana Alade na daji), {{Lang|es|sajino}}, ko {{Lang|es|pecarí}} . Kalmar ''javelina'' ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Mutanen Espanya don "boar daji". A cikin Guiana da [[Suriname]] na Faransa, ana kiran dabbar ''pakira'' . Sunan kimiyya Tayassuidae ya samo asali ne daga wannan tushe kamar {{Lang|pt|tajaçu}} na [[Harshen Portuguese|Portuguese]]. == Halaye == [[Fayil:Sus_scrofa_&_Tayassu_pecari.jpg|left|thumb|Gashin kai na naman alade (hagu) da fararen bakinsa (dama): Lura yadda canines na sama na peccary ke ƙasa.]] Pecary dabba ce mai matsakaici, tare da kamani mai ƙarfi da alade. Kamar alade, yana da hanci wanda ya ƙare a ciki cartilaginous disc da idanu waɗanda suke da ƙananan dangi ga kansa. Hakanan kamar alade, yana amfani da lambobi biyu na tsakiya kawai don tafiya, kodayake, ba kamar aladu ba, sauran yatsunsu na iya kasancewa gaba ɗaya. Ciki ba ya cin abinci. Kodayake yana da ɗakuna uku, ya fi rikitarwa fiye da na aladu.[1] Peccaries sune masu fermenters (alkama sune masu fermentors na hindgut). [2] Wannan fermentation na foregut, mai kama da amma daban ya samo asali ne daga ruminant, misali ne na juyin halitta mai haɗuwa. Peccaries suna cin komai kuma za su ci kwari, grubs, kuma a wasu lokuta kananan dabbobi, kodayake abincin da suka fi so ya kunshi tushen, ciyawa, tsaba, 'ya'yan itace, da cacti - musamman pear mai ƙanshi. Ana iya rarrabe aladu da peccaries ta hanyar halaye da yawa, gami da wutsiyoyi da siffar kunne. Kunnen aladu suna da girma kuma suna tsaye kuma galibi suna nunawa yayin da kunnuwan peccaries suna da ƙananan kuma suna da zagaye. Aladu kuma suna da wutsiyoyi masu tasseled, amma wutsiyoyi na peccaries ƙananan ne kuma masu hankali.<ref name="SDZWA">{{Cite web |title=Peccary |url=https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/peccary |access-date=April 24, 2023 |website=San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance: Animals & Plants}}</ref> Bambanci mafi mahimmanci tsakanin aladu da peccaries shine siffar hakoran canine, ko ƙuƙwalwa. A cikin aladu na Turai, ƙashin ƙusa da tsawo kuma suna juyawa a kansu, yayin da a cikin peccaries, ƙashin ba su da tsawo da madaidaiciya kuma suna haɗuwa da juna, suna hana motsi na gefe-gefe na jaw. An daidaita ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa da ƙuƙwasawa don murkushe tsaba mai ƙarfi da yanka cikin tushen shuke-shuke, <ref name="SDZWA"/> kuma suna amfani da ƙuchu don kare kansu daga masu cin nama. Tsarin hakora don peccaries shine: 2.1.3.33.1.3.3 Ta hanyar shafa ƙuƙwalwar tare, suna iya yin hayaniya wanda ke gargadi masu cin nama su nisanta kansu. Peccaries dabbobi ne na zamantakewa, sau da yawa suna samar da garken. Fiye da mutane 100 an rubuta su don garken fararen bakuna guda ɗaya, amma ƙuƙwalwa da Chacoan peccaries yawanci suna samar da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi. Irin wannan halayyar zamantakewa da alama ita ce halin da ake ciki a cikin ƙwayoyin da ba su da tabbas. Babban peccary (''Pecari maximus'') na Brazil ya bayyana ba shi da zamantakewa, da farko yana zaune a nau'i-nau'i.<ref name="description">{{Cite journal |last=Roosmalen, M.G.M. |last2=Frenz, L. |last3=Hooft, W.F. van |last4=Iongh, H.H. de |last5=Leirs, H. |year=2007 |title=A New Species of Living Peccary (Mammalia: Tayassuidae) from the Brazilian Amazon |url=http://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/360180 |journal=Bonner Zoologische Beiträge |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=105–112}}</ref> Peccaries sun dogara da tsarin zamantakewarsu don kare yankin, karewa daga masu cin nama, daidaita zafin jiki, da kuma hulɗa tare da sauran mambobin jinsin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Javelina |url=https://www.azgfd.com/wildlife/livingwith/javelina/ |access-date=2016-02-17 |website=Arizona's Wildlife |publisher=Arizona Game and Fish Department}}</ref> Peccaries suna da ƙwayoyin ƙanshi a ƙarƙashin kowane ido da kuma wani a bayansu, kodayake an yi imanin cewa waɗannan ba su da mahimmanci a cikin ''P. Maximus''. Suna amfani da ƙanshin don nuna yankunan garken, waɗanda ke tsakanin hekta 30 zuwa 280 (75 zuwa 700 acres). Har ila yau, suna nuna alamar wasu 'yan garken tare da waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙanshi ta hanyar shafa juna. Rashin ƙanshi yana ba da damar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta su gane wasu daga cikin garken su, duk da hangen nesa. Rashin idanunsu na iya sa su zama kamar suna caji lokacin da suke ƙoƙarin tserewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Living with Javelina |url=https://www.azgfd.com/wildlife-conservation/living-with-wildlife/living-with-javelina/}}</ref> Rashin yana da ƙarfi sosai don mutane su gano shi, wanda ke ba da sunan laƙabi na "zaki". == Nau'o'in == === Dabbobi da ke akwai === Ana samun nau'ikan tsuntsaye guda uku (watakila hudu) daga Kudu maso yammacin Amurka ta hanyar Amurka ta tsakiya da kuma [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]] da [[Trinidad]], kowannensu a cikin jinsinsu. * ''Tayassu'' ** White-lipped peccary (''T. pecari'') * ''Catagonus'' ** Chacoan peccary (''C. wagneri'') * ''Dicotyles'' ** Kayan kwalliya (''D. tajacu'') Kayan kwalliya (''Dicotyles tajacu''), ko kuma "nama mai linzami", yana nufin ƙanshin dabba, yana faruwa ne daga Kudu maso yammacin Amurka zuwa [[Amurka ta Kudu|Kudancin Amurka]] da tsibirin Trinidad. Gashin ya kunshi baƙar fata, launin toka, da gashi mai launin ruwan kasa tare da "ƙwallo" mai launin haske da ke kewaye da kafadu. Suna haihuwar yara a duk shekara, amma galibi tsakanin Nuwamba da Maris, tare da matsakaicin girman litter wanda ya kunshi yara biyu zuwa uku. Ana samun su a wurare da yawa, daga wuraren da ba su da ruwa zuwa gandun daji masu zafi. Kayan kwalliya yana da kyau ga mazaunin da mutane ke damun, kawai yana buƙatar isasshen murfin. Ana iya samun su a cikin birane da gonakin noma a duk faɗin su. Akwai sanannun jama'a a cikin unguwanni na Phoenix da Tucson, Arizona, inda suke cin abinci a kan tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa da sauran ciyayi masu noma.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Friederici |first=Peter |date=August–September 1998 |title=Winners and Losers |url=http://www.nationalwildlife.org/nationalwildlife/article.cfm?articleID=308&issueID=19 |journal=National Wildlife Magazine |volume=36 |issue=5}}</ref> Har ila yau, akwai yawan mutanen birane har zuwa arewacin Sedona, Arizona, inda aka san su da cika wani wuri mai kama da raccoons da sauran masu cinyewa na birane. A Arizona galibi ana kiransu da sunan Mutanen Espanya "javelinas". Ana samun ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙungiyoyi 8 zuwa 15 na shekaru daban-daban. Suna kare kansu idan sun ji barazana, amma in ba haka ba sukan yi watsi da mutane. Wani nau'i na biyu, fararen bakinsa (''Tayassu pecari''), galibi ana samunsa a cikin gandun daji na Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, amma kuma an san shi daga wasu wurare masu yawa kamar gandun daji masu bushe, wuraren ciyawa, mangrove, cerrado, da wuraren bushewar Xerophytic. Babban barazanar rayuwa guda biyu shine sare daji da farauta. ⁷Nau'in na uku, Chaco peccary (''Catagonus wagneri''), ana samunsa a cikin busassun bishiyoyi ko Chaco na [[Paraguay]], [[Bolibiya|Bolivia]], da [[Argentina]]. Chacoan peccary yana da bambancin cewa an fara bayyana shi ne bisa ga burbushin halittu kuma an fara tunanin cewa jinsin da ba su da tushe. A shekara ta 1975, an gano dabbar a Yankin Chaco na Paraguay. An san nau'in sosai ga 'yan asalin ƙasar. Wani nau'i na huɗu wanda ba a tabbatar da shi ba, giant peccary (''Dicotyles maximus''), an bayyana shi daga [[Yawan jama'a da amfani da makamashi a cikin Amazonia na Brazil|Amazon na Brazil]] da arewacin Bolivia <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moravec |first=J. |last2=Böhme |first2=W. |year=2009 |title=Second Find of the Recently Discovered Amazonian Giant Peccary, ''Pecari maximus'' (Mammalia: Tayassuidae) van Roosmalen et al., 2007: First Record from Bolivia |url=https://zoologicalbulletin.de/BzB_Volumes/Volume_56_1_2/049_054_BzB56_1_2_Moraves_Jiri_and_B%C3%B6hme_Wolfgang.pdf |url-status=live |journal=[[Bonn Zoological Bulletin|Bonner zoologische Beiträge]] |volume=56 |issue=1–2 |pages=49–54 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129030515/http://alt.zfmk.de/BZB/BzB_56_1_07_Moravec.pdf |archive-date=29 November 2014}}</ref> ta hanyar masanin ilimin halitta na Dutch Marc van Roosmalen. Kodayake an gano shi kwanan nan, an san shi ga Mutanen Tupi na yankin a matsayin ''Caitetu munde'', wanda ke nufin "babban peccary wanda ke zaune a nau'i-nau'i". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lloyd |first=Robin |date=2007-11-02 |title=Big Pig-Like Beast Discovered |url=http://www.livescience.com/1997-big-pig-beast-discovered.html |website=livescience.com}}</ref> An yi la'akari da shi mafi girma, zai iya girma zuwa {{Cvt|1.2|m|ft|0}} a tsawon. Fuskarsa gaba ɗaya launin toka ne mai duhu, ba tare da wani ƙuƙwalwa ba. Ba kamar sauran peccaries ba, yana zaune a nau'i-nau'i, ko tare da ɗaya ko biyu. Koyaya, shaidar kimiyya don la'akari da shi a matsayin nau'in da ya bambanta da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta daga baya an yi tambaya, wanda ya jagoranci IUCN don bi da shi a ƙarƙashin ma'anar.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gongora |first=J. |last2=Taber |first2=A. |last3=Keuroghlian |first3=A. |last4=Altrichter |first4=M. |last5=Bodmer |first5=R.E. |last6=Mayor |first6=P. |last7=Moran |first7=C. |last8=Damayanti |first8=C.S. |last9=González |first9=S. |year=2007 |title=Re-examining the evidence for a 'new' peccary species, 'Pecari maximus', from the Brazilian Amazon |url=https://www.iucn-wpsg.org/_files/ugd/119740_0dc9019f69984c5cbac8e256cd3b1968.pdf#page=19 |journal=Newsletter of the Pigs, Peccaries, and Hippos Specialist Group of the IUCN/SSC |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=19–26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gongora |first=J. |last2=Biondo |first2=C. |last3=Cooper |first3=J.D. |last4=Taber |first4=A. |last5=Keuroghlian |first5=A. |last6=Altrichter |first6=M. |last7=Ferreira do Nascimento |first7=F. |last8=Chong |first8=A.Y. |last9=Miyaki |first9=C.Y. |last10=Bodmer |first10=R. |last11=Mayor |first11=P. |last12=González |first12=S. |year=2011 |title=Revisiting the species status of Pecari maximus van Roosmalen et al., 2007 (Mammalia) from the Brazilian Amazon |url=https://zoologicalbulletin.de/BzB_Volumes/Volume_60_1/095_101_BzB60_1_Gongora_%20Jaime_et_al.pdf |journal=[[Bonn Zoological Bulletin|Bonner zoologische Beiträge]] |volume=60 |issue=1 |pages=95–101}}</ref> A lokacin Late Pleistocene, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta guda biyu, ''Mylohyus'' da ''Platygonus'', sun bazu a duk faɗin Arewacin Amurka (kuma a cikin yanayin ''Platygonus'', Kudancin Amurka), amma sun ƙare a Ƙarshen Pleistocene kusan shekaru 12,000 da suka gabata bayan isowar mutane.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wilson |first=Kurt M. |last2=Hill |first2=Matthew G. |date=November 2020 |title=Synthesis and assessment of the flat-headed peccary record in North America |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |language=en |volume=248 |bibcode=2020QSRv..24806601W |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106601 |s2cid=224865922}}</ref><gallery mode="packed"> Fayil:Collared_Peccary444.jpg|Collared peccary Fayil:Tayassu_pecari.jpg|White-lipped peccary Fayil:Catagonus_wagneri_closeup.jpg|Chacoan peccary </gallery> === Halitta da suka ƙare === Bugu da kari, Tayassuidae suna da Tarihin burbushin halittu da aka tabbatar da su sosai, kuma an san nau'ikan halittu da yawa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Prothero |first=Donald R. |date=2015 |title=Evolution of the early Miocene Hesperhyine peccaries |url=http://www.donaldprothero.com/files/102919031.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin |volume=67 |pages=235-255 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710193319/http://www.donaldprothero.com/files/102919031.pdf |archive-date=10 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Parisi Dutra |first=Rodrigo |last2=Casali |first2=Daniel de Melo |last3=Missagia |first3=Rafaela Velloso |last4=Gasparini |first4=Germán Mariano |last5=Perini |first5=Fernando Araujo |last6=Cozzuol |first6=Mario Alberto |date=2017 |title=Phylogenetic Systematics of Peccaries (Tayassuidae: Artiodactyla) and a Classification of South American Tayassuids |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10914-016-9347-8 |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |language=en |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=345–358 |doi=10.1007/s10914-016-9347-8 |issn=1064-7554}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Prothero |first=Donald R. |date=2021 |title=The systematics of North American peccaries (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fJcwEAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false |journal=New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin |volume=85}}</ref> * † ''[[Egatochoerus]]''? (Ba a san inda yake ba) * †''Perchoerus''? (matsayi mara tabbas) (= †''[[Chaenohyus]]'') * †''[[Simojovelhyus]]'' <ref name="protheropeccary">{{Cite journal |last=Prothero |first=Donald R. |last2=Beatty |first2=Brian L. |last3=Stucky |first3=Richard M. |year=2013 |title=''Simojovelhyus'' is a peccary, not a helohyid (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) |url=http://www.donaldprothero.com/files/92370301.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=87 |issue=5 |pages=930–933 |bibcode=2013JPal...87..930P |doi=10.1666/12-084 |s2cid=129670001 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321022455/http://www.donaldprothero.com/files/92370301.pdf |archive-date=21 March 2020}}</ref> * †''[[Thinohyus]]'' * †Subfamily '''Hesperhyinae'''<ref name=":0"/> †Cynorca †Desmathyus †Floridachoerus †Fremdohyus †Hesperhys †Lucashyus[2] †Marshochoerus[2] †Stuckyhyus[2] †Wrightohyus ** †''[[Cynorca]]'' ** †Rashin jin daɗi''[[Desmathyus|Rashin tausayi]]'' ** †''Floridachoerus'' ** †''[[Fremdohyus]]'' ** †''[[Hesperhys]]'' ** †''[[Lucashyus]]<ref name=":0" />'' [2] ** †''Marshochoerus<ref name=":0" />'' [2] ** †Stuckyhyus [2]''[[Stuckyhyus|Stuckyus]]<ref name=":0" />'' ** †''[[Wrightohyus]]'' * Subfamily '''Tayassuinae''' †Brasiliochoerus[3] †Catagonus †Colbertchoerus †Dyseohyus †Macrogenis †Mckennahyus †Mylohyus †Platygonus †Prosthennops †Protherohyus †Skinnerhyus †Stirtonhyus †Tedfordhyus †Webbochoerus †Woodburnehyus ** †''Brasillichoerus''<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Copetti |first=Paula Lopes |last2=Gasparini |first2=Germán Mariano |last3=Pereira |first3=Jamil Corrêa |last4=Fontoura |first4=Emmanuelle |last5=Lopes |first5=Renato Pereira |last6=Kerber |first6=Leonardo |date=2021-09-02 |title=A skull of the extinct tayassuid Brasiliochoerus stenocephalus (Lund in Reinhardt, 1880) (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) from the Late Pleistocene of southern Brazil: morphology and taxonomy |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08912963.2020.1751837 |journal=Historical Biology |language=en |volume=33 |issue=9 |pages=1898–1910 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1751837 |issn=0891-2963}}</ref> ** †''Catagonus'' ** †''[[Colbertchoerus]]'' ** †''[[Dyseohyus]]'' ** †''[[Macrogenis]]'' ** †''Mckennahyus'' ** †''Mylohyus'' ** †''Platygonus'' ** †Prosthennops''Tsuntsaye'' ** †Masu lalata''[[Protherohyus]]'' ** †''Skinnerhyus'' ** †''[[Stirtonhyus]]'' ** †''[[Tedfordhyus]]'' ** †''Webbochoerus'' ** †''[[Woodburnehyus]]'' == Juyin Halitta == Kodayake wasu takardu daga [[Tsohuwar Duniya|Tsohon Duniya]] kamar Turai Miocene ''[[Taucanamo]]'' an ba da shawarar su zama mambobi ne na Tayussidae, aikin su ga Ƙungiya ba daidai ba ne, tare da nazarin phylogenetic na 2017 wanda ke dawo da ''Taucanamo'' a waje da clade wanda ke dauke da suids da peccaries. Tsohon burbushin burbushin peccaries sun fito ne daga farkon Miocene na Arewacin Amurka, tare da nau'in Eocene-Oligocene na Arewacin Amirka ''Perchoerus,'' kuma sau da yawa ana ɗaukar su farkon peccary, wanda aka dawo da shi a waje da clade wanda ke dauke da peccaries da suids.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Parisi Dutra |first=Rodrigo |last2=Casali |first2=Daniel de Melo |last3=Missagia |first3=Rafaela Velloso |last4=Gasparini |first4=Germán Mariano |last5=Perini |first5=Fernando Araujo |last6=Cozzuol |first6=Mario Alberto |date=2016-09-13 |title=Phylogenetic Systematics of Peccaries (Tayassuidae: Artiodactyla) and a Classification of South American Tayassuids |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=345–358 |doi=10.1007/s10914-016-9347-8 |issn=1064-7554 |s2cid=27963274 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Kodayake ya zama ruwan dare a Kudancin Amurka a yau, peccaries ba su isa can ba har sai kimanin shekaru miliyan uku da suka gabata a lokacin Babban Canjin Amurka, lokacin da aka kafa Isthmus na Panama, wanda ke haɗa Arewacin Amurka da Kudancin Amirka. A wannan lokacin, da yawa daga cikin dabbobi na Arewacin Amurka - ciki har da peccaries, llamas da tapires - sun shiga Kudancin Amurka, yayin da wasu nau'in Kudancin Amirka, kamar su sloths da opossums, suka yi <sup class="mw-ref reference" mwafy=""><span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> Yawancin nau'o'in peccary a fadin jinsunan Platygonus da ''Mylohyus'' sun kasance a Arewacin Amurka har zuwa lokacin da suka ƙare a ƙarshen Pleistocene. A yau, biyu daga cikin nau'ikan uku sun koma Yankin Neotropical, amma ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta sun shiga arewacin Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka.{{Clear}}Peccaries suna da kamanceceniya da aladu na gaskiya saboda kakanninsu na yau da kullun kuma suna cikin rukuni ɗaya da alade (Suina). Sun kasance a Kudancin Amurka tun zamanin da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gongora |first=J. |last2=Moran |first2=C. |date=2005 |title=Nuclear and mitochondrial evolutionary analyses of Collared, White-lipped, and Chacoan peccaries (Tayassuidae) |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=181–189 |bibcode=2005MolPE..34..181G |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2004.08.021 |pmid=15579391}}</ref> Bayanan kimiyya na farko na peccaries a cikin Sabon Duniya yana cikin [[Brazil]] a cikin 1547, inda ake kiransu "zaki na daji".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Donkin |first=R.A. |date=1985 |title=The Peccary -- With Observations on the Introduction of Pigs to the New World |journal=Transactions of the American Philosophical Society |volume=75 |issue=5 |page=3 |doi=10.2307/1006340 |jstor=1006340}}</ref> An rubuta cewa an horar da peccaries, an rubuta su, kuma an haife su don abinci da dalilai na al'ada a Yucatán, Panama, kudancin Caribbean, da Colombia a lokacin Conquest.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Donkin |first=R.A. |date=1985 |title=The Peccary -- With Observations on the Introduction of Pigs to the New World |journal=Transactions of the American Philosophical Society |volume=75 |issue=5 |page=30,35–39 |doi=10.2307/1006340 |jstor=1006340}}</ref> An samo ragowar archaeological na peccaries a Mesoamerica daga zamanin Preclassic (ko Formative) har zuwa nan da nan kafin hulɗar Mutanen Espanya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Donkin |first=R.A. |date=1985 |title=The Peccary -- With Observations on the Introduction of Pigs to the New World |journal=Transactions of the American Philosophical Society |volume=75 |issue=5 |page=29 |doi=10.2307/1006340 |jstor=1006340}}</ref> Musamman, an samo ragowar peccary a wuraren wayewar Olmec na Farko. Ba a iya amfani da shi ba don kiwon dabbobi na zamani, ba tare da halaye masu dacewa don tsarin da ya dace ba ko kuma tsarin da ya fi dacewa. Peccaries suna buƙatar shekaru mafi girma kafin su iya haihuwa (rabuwa) kuma suna da halin Kisan jarirai.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rushton |first=Jonathan |last2=Viscarra |first2=Rommy |last3=Viscarra |first3=Cecilia |last4=Basset |first4=Frederick |last5=Baptista |first5=Rene |last6=Huallata |first6=Corsino |last7=Brown |first7=David |date=December 2004 |title=Captive breeding of wild species – a sceptical view of the prospects |url=https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/3294.pdf |journal=Wildlife Policy Briefing |issue=9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140824094952/http://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/3294.pdf |archive-date=2014-08-24}}</ref> == Dangantaka da aladu == Halin yawan jama'a na hulɗar tsakanin yawan alade da na nau'ikan nau'ikan peccaries guda biyu (ƙwallo mai ƙwanƙwasawa da farin-lipped peccary) ba a sani ba kuma har yanzu ana nazarin su. Kasancewar aladu na daji na iya rage farauta da Jaguars ke yi a kan yawan jama'a, kamar yadda jaguars suna nuna fifiko ga farautar aladu lokacin da suke samuwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Furtado |first=Fred |date=February 13, 2009 |title=Porco-monteiro: invasor ou vizinho? |trans-title=Wild pig: invader or neighbor? |url=https://cienciahoje.org.br/porco-monteiro-invasor-ou-vizinho/ |publisher=Ciencia Hoje}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} * [http://www.azgfd.gov/w_c/urban_javelina.shtml Ma'aikatar Wasanni da Kifi ta Arizona - Rayuwa tare da Javelina] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313103245/http://www.azgfd.gov/w_c/urban_javelina.shtml |date=2016-03-13 }} An adana shi * [https://azstateparks.com/javelina Gidajen shakatawa da hanyoyi na Jihar Arizona - Javelina] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] an0qqmms4rqg4tyvdjk9ridu3igs6h9 0 157787 863578 858183 2026-06-21T23:34:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863578 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} ''''''Nkhata''' Bay''' (ko kawai Nkhata) ita ce babban birnin Gundumar Nkhata Bay a Malawi . Yana kan iyakar [[Tabkin Malawi|Tafkin Malawi]] (tsohon Tafkin Nyasa), kilomita 40 a gabashin Mzuzu, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Tafkin Malawi . Yawan jama'ar Nkhata Bay ya kai 14,274 bisa ga ƙididdigar 2018. == Yawan jama'a == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Yawan jama'a<ref name="World Gazetteer">{{Cite web |title=World Gazetteer: Malawi: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population |url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&dat=32&srt=pnan&col=dq&geo=-150 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927223224/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&dat=32&srt=pnan&col=dq&geo=-150 |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=20 June 2008 |website=World Gazetteer}}</ref> |- |1987 |6,494 |- |1998 |9,433 |- |2008 |11,269 |- |2018 |14,274 |} === Harshe === [[Harshen Tumbuka|Tumbuka]] shine yaren da aka fi magana, sannan wasu harsuna a garin Nkhata. A cikin gidaje, ana amfani da Tonga da Tumbuka. A tarihi, Tongas na Gundumar Nkhata-Bay, suna cikin Ƙungiyar Tumbuka. Glotolog ya rarraba Tonga da Tumbuka a cikin rukuni ɗaya. == Tattalin Arziki == Nkhata Bay ya dogara da kifi.<ref name="Fish">{{Cite web |last=Banda |first=Sam Jnr. |date=13 June 2008 |title=Malawi: Fish production reaps more in 2007 |url=http://www.africanews.com/site/list_messages/18887 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928063117/http://www.africanews.com/site/list_messages/18887 |archive-date=28 September 2011 |access-date=21 June 2008}}</ref> Aikin noma, musamman maniyyi, shine babban sana'a a yankin.<ref name="Cassava">{{Cite web |last=Chiwona-Karltun, L. |last2=Tylleskar, T. |last3=Mkumbira, J. |last4=Gebre-Medhin, M. |last5=Rosling, H. |date=1 January 2000 |title=Low dietary cyanogen exposure from frequent consumption of potentially toxic cassava in Malawi.(Statistical Data Included) |url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-27532874_ITM |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113204538/http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-27532874_ITM <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=13 January 2008 |access-date=21 June 2008 |website=International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition}}</ref> Rubber, macadamia, sukari da shinkafa sun kasance a kusa da Nkhata Bay Town.<ref name="Rubber">{{Cite web |date=16 December 2004 |title=Malawi newspaper hails newly launched regional development initiative. |url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-18250631_ITM |access-date=21 June 2008 |website=Asia Africa Intelligence Wire}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2008, an "farfado da tsarin ban ruwa na Lweya a Nkhata Bay".<ref name="Insurance">{{Cite web |last=Chinyang'anya |first=Lester |date=28 May 2008 |title=Insurance Issues -Insurers go North |url=http://www.dailytimes.bppmw.com/article.asp?ArticleID=9706 |access-date=21 June 2008 |website=The Daily Times }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kudin shiga daga yawon bude ido shine babban tushen samun kudin shiga ga al'ummar Nkhata Bay. === Lalacewar amfanin gona === A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2002, an wanke sama da hekta 1,000 (2,500 acres) na "masara, shinkafa, kwayoyi da cassava" a Nkhata Bay bayan ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ya haifar da mummunar karancin abinci.<ref name="April 2002">{{Cite web |date=10 April 2002 |title=Heavy rains destroy crops in northern Malawi |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-51960151.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020105508/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-51960151.html |archive-date=20 October 2012 |access-date=21 June 2008 |publisher=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> A watan Maris na shekara ta 2006, Nkhata Bay ta karbi jaka sama da 300 na masara daga Asusun Abinci na Kasa, saboda yankin yana fama da karancin abinci. Akwai ruwan sama mai yawa a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2006, wanda ya haifar da ƙarin lalacewa ga Nkhata Bay. Tsohon ministan noma na Malawi, Uladi Mussa Litinin, ya bayyana a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2008 cewa saboda ruwan sama mai yawa da ambaliyar ruwa, amfanin gona a Nkhata Bay sun wanke; ya ce wannan zai haifar da "rashin abinci mai tsanani".<ref name="Monday">{{Cite web |last=Chipalasa |first=Mike |date=27 May 2008 |title=MP predicts hunger this year |url=http://www.dailytimes.bppmw.com/article.asp?ArticleID=9681 |access-date=21 June 2008 |website=The Daily Times }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Yanayi == {{Weather box}} == Sufuri == [[Fayil:The_ilala.jpg|left|thumb|240x240px|MV Ilala ya bar Nkhata Bay]] Nkhata Bay tashar jiragen ruwa ce da jirgin ruwa na MV Ilala ya ziyarta, jirgin ruwa wanda ke tafiya zuwa [[Tabkin Malawi|Tafkin Malawi]] daga Monkey Bay a kudancin Malawi, zuwa Chilumba a arewa, ta hanyar [[Tsibirin Likoma]] da [[Tsibirin Chizumulu|Chizumulu]] . A watan Yulin shekara ta 2006, an sanar da shirye-shiryen "maidowa" tashar jiragen ruwa ta Nkhata Bay, da kuma sake kafa sabis na jirgin ruwa tsakanin Nkhata Bay da [[Mbamba Bay]] a Tanzania.<ref name="New ferry">{{Cite web |last=Chimwala |first=Marcel |date=21 July 2006 |title=Crowding in |url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article.php?a_id=89561 |access-date=21 June 2008 |website=Engineering News}}</ref> Wannan hanyar a halin yanzu ana amfani da ita ta hanyar motoci. Akwai ƙananan bas na yau da kullun waɗanda ke tafiya daga Nkhata Bay zuwa Mzuzu, Nkhotakota da Salima. Buses masu sauri suna tafiya zuwa Blantyre, Mzuzu da [[Karonga]] waɗanda suka tashi daga hanyar 'yan sanda, kilomita 3 daga garin.&nbsp; A watan Yunin 2008, an ba da sanarwar cewa Bankin Raya Afirka (ADB) zai ba da kuɗin sake gina hanyar daga Nkhata Bay zuwa Mzuzu, <ref name="ADB">{{Cite web |last=Khunga |first=Suzgo |date=6 June 2008 |title=Blantyre-Zomba road to be reconstructed |url=http://www.dailytimes.bppmw.com/article.asp?ArticleID=9846 |access-date=21 June 2008 |website=The Daily Times }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> amma a ranar 20 ga Yuni 2008, an ce ADB za ta ba da kuɗin don sake ginawa. <ref name="Partial fund">{{Cite web |last=Chimwala |first=Marcel |date=20 June 2008 |title=Malawi in talks over funding for Blantyre–Zomba road reconstruction |url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article.php?a_id=135295 |website=Engineering News}}</ref> == Manazarta == tufe2eztaw9gaqog9wptpviai315whm 0 158512 863598 860666 2026-06-22T04:38:06Z Engineer014 44591 863598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ajin Osa wataƙila shine nau'in jiragen ruwan makamai masu linzami mafi yawa da aka taɓa ginawa, tare da jiragen ruwa sama da 400 da aka gina tsakanin 1960 da 1973 don Sojojin Ruwan Soviet da kuma don fitarwa zuwa ƙasashen da ke da alaƙa. ''Osa'' yana nufin tsutsa a cikin Rashanci, amma ba suna bane na hukuma. An sanya jiragen ruwan a matsayin "manyan masu yanke makamai masu linzami" a cikin Sojojin Ruwan Soviet. == Asalin == Duk da cewa jiragen ruwan Komar na baya-bayan nan jiragen ruwa ne masu araha da inganci (kuma na farko da suka nutsar da jirgin ruwan yaƙi da makamai masu linzami masu jagora, inda suka lalata ''Eilat'' na Sojojin Ruwan Isra'ila), juriyarsu, kiyaye ruwa, da kuma yadda suke rayuwa sun yi kaɗan a mafi kyawun yanayi, kuma akwatin makami mai linzamin yana fuskantar lalacewa daga raƙuman ruwa. Daga cikin sauran raunin da suke da shi akwai harsashin katako, na'urar radar ba ta da na'urar sarrafa wuta, da kuma isasshen kayan kariya wanda ya ƙunshi jiragen ruwa biyu masu sarrafa kansu da hannu 25.&nbsp;bindigogin mm masu sauƙin gani a cikin turret guda ɗaya. Makaman da Komars suka harba sun kunshi makamai masu linzami guda hudu kirar P-15 Termit (NATO: SS-N-2 "Styx"), kuma babu isasshen karfin da zai iya daukar jiragen P-15M masu dogon zango na zamani. Na'urorin auna karfin ba su da inganci sosai don amfani da matsakaicin zangon makamai masu linzami, kuma ma'aikatan jirgin 17 ba su da girma sosai don amfani da dukkan tsarin yadda ya kamata. == Aiki == Jiragen ruwan Project 205 sun fi jiragen ruwa na farko na Project 183R (NATO: aji Komar ) girma, tare da nauyinsu sau huɗu, kuma kusan ninki biyu na ma'aikatan jirgin. Har yanzu an yi nufin su zama jiragen ruwa 'mafi ƙanƙanta' don ayyukan da aka tsara. An yi harsashin ne da ƙarfe, tare da ƙaramin gini mai faɗi da aka yi da ƙarfe mai sauƙi, bene mai ci gaba, da kuma babban allo mai kyauta. Gefen benen an zagaye su kuma suna da santsi don sauƙaƙa wanke gurɓataccen rediyo idan yaƙin nukiliya ya faru. Jirgin yana da faɗi sosai, amma jiragen ruwan Project 205 har yanzu suna iya samun babban gudu saboda suna da injunan dizal guda uku na Zvezda M503 waɗanda za su iya ɗaukar jimillar 12,000.&nbsp;HP (15,000)&nbsp;hp akan Project 205U gaba) yana tuƙa shafts uku. Injinan masu ƙarfi sun ba da damar yin matsakaicin gudu na kimanin knots 40 tare da juriya da aminci mai kyau. Akwai kuma janareta uku na dizal. An sanya manyan injina biyu da janareta ɗaya a ɗakin injin gaba, babban injin na uku da janareta biyu a ɗakin injin baya. Akwai ɗakin sarrafawa tsakanin ɗakunan injin biyu. An warware matsalar da ta shafi raunin makaman yaƙi na farko na Project 183R ta hanyar amfani da turrets guda biyu na AK-230, a cikin bene na gaba da na baya. An sanya radar sarrafa wuta ta MR-104 ''Rys'' (NATO: "Drum Tilt") a cikin wani babban dandamali, kuma ya sarrafa sararin samaniya gaba ɗaya, duk da manyan gine-ginen da suka yi faɗi amma ƙasa. Ko da an sanya su a baya, wannan radar yana da kyakkyawan filin gani a ko'ina. Harbin AK-230 ba su da matuki, kowannensu yana dauke da makamai guda biyu guda 30&nbsp;bindigogin mm waɗanda za su iya harbawa a lokacin rpm 2,000 (400 a aikace) tare da kewayon aiki na mita 2,500. Ana iya amfani da su akan wuraren da ake hari a saman, amma kamar yadda yake a jiragen ruwan Komar na baya, da zarar an gama amfani da dukkan makamai masu linzami, an shirya tserewa ba tare da yaƙi ba. Ba a sami ingantattun makaman harba makamai masu guba ba har sai da aka gabatar da jerin corvettes na Aikin 12341.1 ''Molniya'' (NATO: " Tarantul "), tare da 76&nbsp;bindigogin mm. Makaman yaƙin sun ƙunshi makamai masu linzami guda huɗu na P-15 Termit (NATO: SS-N-2 "Styx"), kowannensu an kare shi daga mummunan yanayi a cikin wani makamin harba mai siffar akwati. Wannan ya ninka makaman da ake da su idan aka kwatanta da Project 183R, wanda ya ba da ƙarin juriya. An sarrafa makamai masu linzamin ta hanyar radar MR-331 ''Rangout'' (NATO: "Top Bow") da kuma radar ''Nikhrom-RRM'' (NATO: "Square Tie") ESM / IFF wanda har ma ya ba da damar kai hari a sararin samaniya, idan an kunna radar ɗin da aka kai hari. Da duk waɗannan ci gaba, waɗannan jiragen ruwan sun fi tasiri sosai. Suna da ɗaya daga cikin na farko, idan ba na farko ba , tsarin makamai masu kusanci (CIWS). An inganta ƙimar tsira zuwa kashi 50%, kuma ana iya harba makami mai linzami 12 ta jiragen ruwa uku kawai. Saboda haka, nutsar da jirgin mai lalata jirgin ruwa an ɗauke shi a matsayin 'tabbatacce' ta amfani da jiragen ruwa shida kawai (dakaru biyu na jiragen ruwa uku), wanda hakan ya sa jiragen Project 205 suka fi sauƙin daidaitawa har ma da rahusa fiye da adadin da ake buƙata na jiragen Project 183R don cimma irin wannan tasiri. Sakamakon waɗannan ci gaban, jiragen ruwan Project 205 ba su da daidaito a ƙarshen shekarun 1950/farkon shekarun 1960. An ƙera sama da jiragen ruwa 400 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma wasu jiragen ruwa 120 a China. Wasu daga cikin ingantattun jiragen ruwa na Project 205U (Osa 2) an sanya musu makamai masu linzami samfurin 9K32 Strela-2 (NATO: SA-N-5 "Grail") daga sama zuwa sama a cikin jiragen harba makamai masu linzami na MTU-4 a yunƙurin inganta tsaron sama. Wannan sabon samfurin ya kuma sami injuna masu inganci, da sabbin akwatunan makamai masu linzami na silinda, tare da ingantattun makamai masu linzami na P-15U. Jiragen ruwa 205M da 205 mod suna da dogon bututu don ƙarin ingtun makamai masu linzami na P-15M. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</sp</nowiki>''</sup> == Osa 2 == Jirgin Osa 2 (Project 205U), 1982 Jirgin P-15M mai harba makami mai linzami mai sauri na Osa 2, 1981 Aljeriya Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Aljeriya – Jiragen Ruwa 8 da aka tura 1978 Angola Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Angola – Jiragen Ruwa 6 da aka tura 1982–1983, A cewar Sharpe, suna "cikin matakai daban-daban na lalacewa" a shekarar 1996 Azerbaijan Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Azerbaijan – Jirgin Ruwa 1 Bulgaria Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Bulgaria – Jiragen Ruwa 3 (duk sun daina aiki tun daga shekarar 2008) Cuba Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Juyin Juya Halin Cuba – Jiragen Ruwa 13 a shekarar 1991 Masar Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Masar – Jiragen Ruwa 4 [ana buƙatar ambato] (Duba bayanin kula daga jirgin ruwan makami mai linzami na Tuima na Finland) Habasha Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Habasha − Jiragen Ruwa 4 da aka tura daga Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Soviet tsakanin 1978 da 1981.[A shekarar 1996, biyu ne kawai suka yi sansani a Djibouti yayin da sauran aka nutsar da su ko kuma aka yi musu tarkace Eritrea Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Eritrea – Jiragen Ruwa 5 Finland Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Finland – Jiragen Ruwa 4 aka tura a shekarar 1974–75. An san su da jiragen ruwan makami mai linzami na Tuima. An janye aikin a shekarar 2003 kuma aka sayar wa Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Masar, don amfani da su a matsayin jiragen ruwan makami mai linzami bayan an gyara su.[ana buƙatar ambato] Indiya Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Indiya – Jiragen Ruwa 8 aka tura a shekarar 1976–77. An san su da jiragen ruwan makami mai linzami na aji Chamak. An soke aikinsu daga 1999–2003 Iraki Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Iraki – Jiragen Ruwa 5 kafin Yaƙin Gulf. Duk sun ɓace a shekarar 1991 Libya Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Libya – Jiragen Ruwa 4 a shekarar 2011 Libya Rundunar 'Yantar da Kasa – Ba a San Ko Su Ba Rasha Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Rasha – An Raba ta daga Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Soviet Somaliya Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Somaliya – Jiragen Ruwa 2 a shekarar 1991 Tarayyar Soviet Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Soviet – Jiragen Ruwa 24 a shekarar 1991.[17] An Raba ta ga jihohin da suka gaje ta Siriya Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Siriya – Jiragen Ruwa 10 da aka karɓa tsakanin 1978 da 1984.[13] Akalla jiragen saman Isra'ila sun lalata akalla shida bayan faduwar gwamnatin Assad Vietnam Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Vietnam – Jiragen Ruwa 8 Yemen Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Yemen – Jiragen Ruwa 18 Duba kuma Jerin Jiragen Ruwa na Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Soviet Jerin Jiragen Ruwa na Rasha ta lambar aikin == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] oog7gkm6ykwii9s6tatj1g9hxbmnpl8 0 158695 863809 861490 2026-06-22T11:15:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 863809 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Peter_Preiser_at_AAAS_2025_03.jpg|thumb|Mai cin nama a cikin 2025]] '''Peter Preiser''' shi ne shugaban Makarantar Kimiyya ta Biological kuma farfesa a fannin kwayoyin halitta da ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Nanyang (NTU) a Singapore. Ya ƙware a cikin nazarin Kwayar cutar zazzabin cizon sauro <ref>{{Cite web |title=NTU: Academic Profile: Prof Peter Preiser |url=http://research.ntu.edu.sg/expertise/academicprofile/Pages/StaffProfile.aspx?ST_EMAILID=PRPREISER&CategoryDescription=nanotechnologynanoscience |access-date=17 November 2017 |website=Research.ntu.edu.sg |archive-date=17 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117174718/http://research.ntu.edu.sg/expertise/academicprofile/Pages/StaffProfile.aspx?ST_EMAILID=PRPREISER&CategoryDescription=nanotechnologynanoscience |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma shine shugaban ƙungiyar a NTU wanda ya gano hanyar zuwa yiwuwar allurar rigakafin cutar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.sbs.ntu.edu.sg/aboutus/Faculty/PRPreiser/Pages/Home.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117175012/http://www.sbs.ntu.edu.sg/aboutus/Faculty/PRPreiser/Pages/Home.aspx |archive-date=2017-11-17 |access-date=2017-11-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=NTU scientists discover potential vaccine for malaria |url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-12/ntu-ns121613.php |access-date=17 November 2017 |website=EurekAlert.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2013 |title=NTU study makes key find towards malaria vaccine |url=http://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/ntu-study-makes-key-find-towards-malaria-vaccine |access-date=17 November 2017 |website=Straitstimes.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Cite web |title=Peter R Preiser - Nanyang Technological University (ntu) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Peter_Preiser |access-date=17 November 2017 |website=ResearchGate}} {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] azl0fc2o2uy5ctt0rviocjvzpuokjsb 0 158828 863546 861879 2026-06-21T21:44:39Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354198952|Dorothy Amaury Talbot]]" 863546 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Parkia_bicolor_A._Chev_by_Dorothy_Amaury_Talbot.jpg|thumb|Hoton ''Parkia bicolor'' A. Chev na Dorothy Amaury Talbot]] '''Dorothy Amaury Talbot''' (née Amaury, 1871-1916) ta kasance mai tara shuke-shuke na Ingila kuma mai ilimin lissafi a Najeriya . Ita da mijinta da 'yar'uwarta sun tattara nau'ikan shuke-shuke na Najeriya sama da 4000, gami da sababbin da aka gano. Ta kuma yi karatu kuma ta rubuta game da [[Mutanen Ibibio]]. An haife ta a shekara ta 1871, Dorothy ta auri Percy Talbot, ma'aikacin gwamnati na mulkin mallaka. Ita da 'yar'uwarta, Miss Amaury, sun bi shi a lokuta da yawa na kasancewa a Najeriya a matsayin mai binciken ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rendle |first=Alfred Barton |date=1917 |title=Book-Notes, News Etc. |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/36197#page/95/mode/1up |journal=Journal of Botany, British and Foreign |volume=55 |pages=85–6 |via=Biodiversity Heritage Library}}</ref> Sun aika da tarin shuke-shuke zuwa Burtaniya har zuwa mutuwarta. == Tarin shuke-shuke == A cikin 1910-11, Dorothy ta yi tafiya ta zagaye a kusa da Najeriya tare da mijinta da abokin aikinta mai tara shuke-shuke Olive MacLeod, tattara da zanen shuke-huke na Najeriya. Ƙarin tarin daga gundumar [[Eket]] ya biyo baya a cikin 1912-1913 lokacin da Talbots da Miss Amaury suka tsaya a can. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rendle |first=Alfred Barton |date=1914 |title=Plants from the Eket District, S. Nigeria |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/33761#page/11/mode/1up |journal=Journal of Botany, British and Foreign |volume=52 |pages=1 |via=Biodiversity Heritage Library}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Percy Amaury Talbot |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG128705 |access-date=2024-06-28 |website=www.britishmuseum.org}}</ref> An gabatar da tarin su, tare da kimanin zane-zane dubu na tsire-tsire da Dorothy ta samar, ga Gidan Tarihin Halitta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Hopkins |first=Helen C.F. |last2=Wajer |first2=Jacek |date=2023-09-13 |title=Variation in the colour and shape of capitula in Parkia bicolor (Leguminosae) illustrated by two watercolours from southern Nigeria painted by Dorothy Amaury Talbot (1871–1916) |url=https://bioone.org/journals/candollea/volume-78/issue-2/c2023v782a3/Variation-in-the-colour-and-shape-of-capitula-in-Parkia/10.15553/c2023v782a3.full |journal=Candollea |volume=78 |issue=2 |doi=10.15553/c2023v782a3 |issn=0373-2967}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Talbot Collection |url=https://primo-44nhm.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?vid=44NHM_INST:44NHM_V1&tab=Everything&docid=alma9927870802081&context=L&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&lang=en |access-date=2024-06-28 |website=Natural History Museum |language=en}}</ref> Ga [[Gidan kayan tarihi na Biritaniya|Gidan Tarihin Burtaniya]] sun ba da kimanin samfurori 4000 na botanical da zoological tare da ba da kyauta ga Kew Gardens.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hopkins |first=Helen C.F. |last2=Wajer |first2=Jacek |date=2023-09-13 |title=Variation in the colour and shape of capitula in Parkia bicolor (Leguminosae) illustrated by two watercolours from southern Nigeria painted by Dorothy Amaury Talbot (1871–1916) |url=https://bioone.org/journals/candollea/volume-78/issue-2/c2023v782a3/Variation-in-the-colour-and-shape-of-capitula-in-Parkia/10.15553/c2023v782a3.full |journal=Candollea |volume=78 |issue=2 |doi=10.15553/c2023v782a3 |issn=0373-2967}}</ref>   An sanya sunan jinsin ''Talbotiella'' ga Talbots, tare da ''Dorothea talbotii'' Wernham ana kiranta da sunan Dorothy da kansa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Talbot, Dorothy Amaury (1871-1916) on JSTOR |url=https://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.person.bm000055638 |access-date=2024-06-28 |website=plants.jstor.org |doi=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dorothea talbotii Wernham, from Nigeria on JSTOR |url=https://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.visual.bmtal23883503 |access-date=2024-06-28 |website=plants.jstor.org |doi=}}</ref> == Tarihin kabilanci == Dorothy da mijinta suna da sha'awar ilimin al'adun mutanen Ibibio, waɗanda suka ga ba su da tasiri ta hanyar hulɗa da fararen mutane har zuwa zuwan su. Sun tattara kayan tarihi na wakilci daga gare su, kuma littafin Dorothy Woman's Mysteries of a Primitive People: The Ibibios of Southern Nigeria an buga shi a shekarar 1915.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman's Mysteries of a Primitive People: The Ibibios of South Nigeria |url=https://www.routledge.com/Womans-Mysteries-of-a-Primitive-People-The-Ibibios-of-South-Nigeria/Talbot/p/book/9781138010932 |access-date=2024-06-28 |website=Routledge & CRC Press |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Meek |first=C. K. |date=1947 |title=5. Amaury Talbot: 1877-1945 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2791974 |journal=Man |volume=47 |pages=13–14 |issn=0025-1496 |jstor=2791974}}</ref> Dorothy ta kafa kyautar Percy Amaury Talbot don ilimin ɗan adam na Afirka, wanda Cibiyar Nazarin Dan Adam ta Royal ke gudanarwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PERCY AMAURY TALBOT PRIZE FOR AFRICAN ANTHROPOLOGY (A86) |url=https://therai.org.uk/archives-and-manuscripts/archive-contents/percy-amaury-talbot-prize-for-african-anthropology-a86 |access-date=2024-06-28 |website=Royal Anthropological Institute |language=en-gb}}</ref> Ta mutu a Degama, Najeriya, a ranar 28 ga Disamba 1916 daga zazzabin cizon sauro.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Hopkins |first=Helen C.F. |last2=Wajer |first2=Jacek |date=2023-09-13 |title=Variation in the colour and shape of capitula in Parkia bicolor (Leguminosae) illustrated by two watercolours from southern Nigeria painted by Dorothy Amaury Talbot (1871–1916) |url=https://bioone.org/journals/candollea/volume-78/issue-2/c2023v782a3/Variation-in-the-colour-and-shape-of-capitula-in-Parkia/10.15553/c2023v782a3.full |journal=Candollea |volume=78 |issue=2 |doi=10.15553/c2023v782a3 |issn=0373-2967}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * Works by Talbot, P. Amaury (her husband)aShirin Gutenberg {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Talbot, Dorothy Amaury}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4jialc4bnb6c91my0hdyxtdwpgqllnl 0 158884 862908 862897 2026-06-21T12:23:09Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862908 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan | |- 9gzbx39vyin9ak1bko0e5sqn9nub17w 862911 862908 2026-06-21T12:32:28Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862911 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 ta2wlarfu3ue77ke0wm1isu006em3tu 862912 862911 2026-06-21T12:33:57Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862912 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ' qr4qr13l8tqf16ay6h3w3iqlebni224 862917 862912 2026-06-21T12:39:10Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862917 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari l7zll33s6jkjmxxldvlhe1fo8d3kol9 862919 862917 2026-06-21T12:39:35Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862919 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari' 26tb990uldclpfbpilkslvlwgb9uood 862920 862919 2026-06-21T12:39:56Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862920 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' 3ofgsllzvphlsh3mpbzdsldeue30rf0 862923 862920 2026-06-21T12:41:08Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862923 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai ggoojyn6csex8paqiu69pg3zt7vbcpn 862924 862923 2026-06-21T12:41:33Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862924 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai w cnijrymmo1q0gf50en5eo63ccgu0dqs 862925 862924 2026-06-21T12:41:51Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862925 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wa hxrg7s0alfooidaxk515pcmwp5pembl 862926 862925 2026-06-21T12:42:07Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862926 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai was 5w2q3rd67nf5dsi81nwcevpukpw0zyg 862928 862926 2026-06-21T12:42:22Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862928 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasa 2j9di6s9wl5bhsnv5aoz2dd84okurgu 862933 862928 2026-06-21T12:44:52Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862933 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan iabs67rbbq3rmuwq2d7f5mwlr3p1pb1 862934 862933 2026-06-21T12:45:13Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862934 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwai fwt6u9nd97ni8nrw1t4r0mg9ep7khoj 862935 862934 2026-06-21T12:45:31Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862935 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo sp24oadpn2gck4b1zvbbo3le1g2qmcm 862936 862935 2026-06-21T12:45:58Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862936 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | s52lo3rsjm49tn8baqbmjujy5808tin 862938 862936 2026-06-21T12:46:22Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862938 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Du g8qmku9xxx8y82gii4cir328hy4ppp3 862940 862938 2026-06-21T12:46:43Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862940 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duni pjaicwpa67yylr3oaecbuk9f5i62y2g 862941 862940 2026-06-21T12:47:01Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862941 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniy bxyvghciy7fquhiyhxk901ffj1pec6p 862942 862941 2026-06-21T12:47:19Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862942 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar isyezg0mrzo6q18lxtnqwrxq4vaat16 862946 862942 2026-06-21T12:48:59Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862946 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar F fmo1n9wx0mquka30dob8nhpt6ztiex4 862947 862946 2026-06-21T12:49:24Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862947 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fi 6plfdmsyw03u638to9p1y2ude5wp8ji 862948 862947 2026-06-21T12:49:41Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862948 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina 12m4lu09p72yvtsrnmna337rl5nat7l 862949 862948 2026-06-21T12:50:02Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862949 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina- s9899ehqbcmr50hfjq3d56wz4pp998e 862950 862949 2026-06-21T12:50:20Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862950 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-F elnyofawatyo1d4i4kz6cxephldkm0l 862951 862950 2026-06-21T12:50:39Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862951 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Fi kyh6vm7nab68llaqz21rbrdgwc6e2fd 862952 862951 2026-06-21T12:50:58Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862952 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Fin 5w97n8g2qwezdbwvr9vfup1qy4mx2nd 862953 862952 2026-06-21T12:51:16Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862953 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Fina 9ubbymfk2ed8cvkcqrrc7wl4jxhu6ec 862955 862953 2026-06-21T12:51:34Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862955 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan jq31n4phkzdfgfzsjv82l9qsxbi08ln 862957 862955 2026-06-21T12:53:55Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862957 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan ectw091hnghujkr07d6etgig1z8ea2r 862958 862957 2026-06-21T12:54:15Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862958 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Ma |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan ojuvs1a0g7tfdst852599f7q301rudp 862959 862958 2026-06-21T12:54:43Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862959 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Mai |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan hkszgi9lf5tlmpvvknyf3qe45wnfyeg 862960 862959 2026-06-21T12:55:19Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862960 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Mais |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan n7tcm5sgxgnsgpb5rn3dtvnusx7o649 862961 862960 2026-06-21T12:55:39Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862961 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maish |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan o9s3flpjgn4zteqocgizvgi7grvpbic 862962 862961 2026-06-21T12:55:54Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862962 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maisha |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan 78txbexdwa3hy4y327kvebryelcqpph 862963 862962 2026-06-21T12:56:12Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862963 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishad |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan 12jv2yizgl1qewea1u538sfpsoxyxxu 862964 862963 2026-06-21T12:56:29Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862964 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadd |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan 7mwb1x21svyv92z1u9n6u1nkm37ht7n 862965 862964 2026-06-21T12:56:43Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862965 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan eb4jjielz1be683no138btkl3yxtjol 862966 862965 2026-06-21T12:57:07Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862966 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda g |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan 53hrbi4jtbh2zbo98v7u5dnp79zjx5c 862967 862966 2026-06-21T12:57:24Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862967 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda gl |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan 825m1ly0ca4mwqw2qitcupx24avrww3 862969 862967 2026-06-21T12:57:40Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862969 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda glo |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan laqqjsvar007ukfmfkysrgapclw8p67 862971 862969 2026-06-21T12:57:57Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862971 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda glob |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan l6xrm2hawta6km30kfjoso8ajy8rvty 862972 862971 2026-06-21T12:58:15Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862972 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda globa |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan fthk8mnf4hqes4r80tawsj19c4suddk 862973 862972 2026-06-21T12:58:33Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862973 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan sadh5pfsvmhxbwuky0jtt5nepwurd5k 862974 862973 2026-06-21T12:59:01Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862974 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global r |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan izbtx5tmvzk0s1j49i0cr65m96etkya 862975 862974 2026-06-21T12:59:21Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862975 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global re |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan ebroauascdmoehm20fk7ej2iosdm3bq 862976 862975 2026-06-21T12:59:42Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862976 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global res |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan 723rkmhx48pdtdehe1g2cl0lq218gdt 862977 862976 2026-06-21T13:00:12Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862977 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global reso |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan karw6f3npqq5t9gg5spmyoer290koba 862978 862977 2026-06-21T13:00:29Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862978 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resou |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan tugkc4rc54wkiagr8nbfs6jbm89ayzp 862979 862978 2026-06-21T13:00:50Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862979 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resour |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan rc87cgrsm1b6c51ezjl2u64ncz1ldy6 862980 862979 2026-06-21T13:01:05Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862980 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resourc |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan hbkwjsma62v4au3n7njqv0m9ay29jwm 862981 862980 2026-06-21T13:01:33Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862981 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resource |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan hffh6o6aeb5swlm2kwgxxj1mhp4eqvq 862982 862981 2026-06-21T13:01:49Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862982 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Duniyar Fina-Finan 2fbw9izn8t9qjkq6hpv9jifutlzmsre 862987 862982 2026-06-21T13:03:47Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862987 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | W mxtvlmj9up7uy5z64qnqonexxl6oesa 862990 862987 2026-06-21T13:04:07Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862990 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wa 8nb56d6ygxsookvdek4lbpxbe1fghbn 862996 862990 2026-06-21T13:06:06Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862996 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Was qir03urun8kb05iz2o3mxbt4ku27nan 862999 862996 2026-06-21T13:06:28Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 862999 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasa 33a1587aqjenw3jdvp81dlys0zc1bnq 863001 862999 2026-06-21T13:06:45Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863001 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan mmy8rwafujjmyppc5ffjrtyky0m9g46 863003 863001 2026-06-21T13:07:10Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863003 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan k p6osz4syu0ajb3kbkambto6bz5pro02 863004 863003 2026-06-21T13:07:30Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863004 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kw 2bhlsjlyg5a7u7at54cwrgcinbma0gp 863005 863004 2026-06-21T13:07:50Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863005 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwa 3a7kp4hdxpj4up9hdxwxlwww00b1gfd 863007 863005 2026-06-21T13:08:10Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863007 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwai hrqp8g1675o8nlvv765xas53q9pxsgf 863008 863007 2026-06-21T13:08:26Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863008 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaik hj7uqgw54hhn5qoc5awoo1d3exmzsry 863010 863008 2026-06-21T13:08:45Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863010 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikw gbf55aagz41c0a5glimcig5udgqcgsh 863011 863010 2026-06-21T13:09:05Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863011 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwa m8y9q1lu5y6bstk4ofr918y27zxo42s 863012 863011 2026-06-21T13:09:34Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863012 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikway rgbvncuirzu0k54d56aeatcggfxnf0t 863014 863012 2026-06-21T13:09:52Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863014 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo 87cih366124nfdwguhcu832y1d9g22c 863015 863014 2026-06-21T13:10:21Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863015 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | iwkmqdcvxxxryj26pz960r0z6k0qjrl 863021 863015 2026-06-21T13:13:08Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863021 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M g3l78mehjvq2y1mqxhbum5xz16zid4y 863023 863021 2026-06-21T13:13:25Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863023 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. 5iexn7yj0055pb79n1q0170paalxigp 863024 863023 2026-06-21T13:13:50Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863024 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. S e5gbdmti6rktsg4try7b75hpf34z0xm 863026 863024 2026-06-21T13:14:04Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863026 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. So otiqswcqb6do6l13akjpbfqhqbc09th 863027 863026 2026-06-21T13:14:25Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863027 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soj i69adjy3ih6iaetttiw9yliy808qpsc 863028 863027 2026-06-21T13:15:00Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863028 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja 30lc1yc605msizhifpcrlmocmjulle8 863030 863028 2026-06-21T13:15:22Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863030 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja C ti2hyqeid51g2ihek1nywodba1sycu4 863031 863030 2026-06-21T13:15:38Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863031 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Co oitbkoexd97kxxva579e93cyi9zol27 863032 863031 2026-06-21T13:15:59Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863032 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Con 6tbesexoo3fab37wdpwdetgrrlx3t9g 863033 863032 2026-06-21T13:16:26Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863033 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Conc 6p64ym4nw968szkn26zu6557f47qv8s 863035 863033 2026-06-21T13:16:47Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863035 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Conce ah2wglzym2r5fwpsf4fq95ianqofa7c 863036 863035 2026-06-21T13:17:05Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863036 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concep lib09od1dex6yzrgyoca8inddr3ajqt 863038 863036 2026-06-21T13:17:24Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863038 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concept bsjph37cxmpreeul2mq9r2jy6x2n7f4 863039 863038 2026-06-21T13:17:52Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863039 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concept N 2rhyvgp708m33hweva2vyq7xzx4blgb 863040 863039 2026-06-21T13:18:11Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863040 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concept Ni nwidse7dp949p93zi8vxwwui6zfj0fu 863042 863040 2026-06-21T13:18:27Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863042 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concept Nig 40p3r8hztj8xon62i39ysf44tjd5s6q 863044 863042 2026-06-21T13:18:49Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863044 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concept Nig. rtsq84xbfeqfaxziks69so2erykuim7 863046 863044 2026-06-21T13:19:24Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863046 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concept Nig. L ctdekxfy27tg64v35jxisokjt17pbch 863047 863046 2026-06-21T13:19:40Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863047 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concept Nig. Lt sv9z45spaue2lpvwv2qtc6sxup8civi 863048 863047 2026-06-21T13:20:06Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863048 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concept Nig. Ltd 75xv8dw1jh6l5pc5yft3cus9luqxvae 863049 863048 2026-06-21T13:20:28Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863049 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concept Nig. Ltd. 6rh9zzhtlmwd5cpasvvmjtnofy344vk 863052 863049 2026-06-21T13:21:40Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863052 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M. Soja Concept Nig. Ltd 75xv8dw1jh6l5pc5yft3cus9luqxvae 863054 863052 2026-06-21T13:22:19Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863054 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig. Ltd 4l2hx71g6hr0t9cmv7ufkuzyxcfwvyo 863055 863054 2026-06-21T13:22:49Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863055 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd pr6fyprhtcmbq2su3mzv7lx30dcq3i0 863066 863055 2026-06-21T13:31:23Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863066 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd | r9bcnbf6splpm25r3uk6trn8aodiyho 863068 863066 2026-06-21T13:31:40Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863068 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- 9p8darn9pix11ekc7sio2x9as71ibtb 863072 863068 2026-06-21T13:33:59Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863072 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | ' qjfndr4jx0js3pvm5ihrp8fgdvnwxxx 863073 863072 2026-06-21T13:34:15Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863073 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | '' 17j6i61m60nv4b7comumzr4l0gc49at 863074 863073 2026-06-21T13:34:30Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863074 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | ''U 2wf7xalrx0wbomwxmt1wdcjgagvynpm 863167 863074 2026-06-21T14:55:11Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863167 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2 63xpls9r3yglwr54vcr4l169kg29lrw 863168 863167 2026-06-21T14:55:28Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863168 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 20 977c2r3nwetquevp6oi765rn3jfv018 863169 863168 2026-06-21T14:55:49Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863169 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 202 fe7gnlujbigmangzyqctb807d6ztqj8 863170 863169 2026-06-21T14:56:09Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863170 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 3ck4e232jhlgxv6zwyhiewobjovtkg1 863171 863170 2026-06-21T14:56:31Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863171 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | bu0nq9ebieeyrjkfqu0ji3vsub4fqtc 863172 863171 2026-06-21T14:56:53Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863172 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ' 3tvi3120hazhluklt5m5swh6a3f3tks 863173 863172 2026-06-21T14:57:16Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863173 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | '' mklamd5o9t4ifaor7vya5xlm9h0ouzi 863174 863173 2026-06-21T14:57:40Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863174 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''U ksqsqymk5c164vlvcmgpdyt1x6peazb 863175 863174 2026-06-21T14:58:02Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863175 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uk b0dzkxx7gevaxl8myikymhydc4rracw 863176 863175 2026-06-21T14:58:17Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863176 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku r21jn26pa2vdqet2q0j293q6zce3kso 863178 863176 2026-06-21T14:59:30Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863178 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku s ns3j510b5l9ch97u9smb24frq973a9x 863179 863178 2026-06-21T14:59:51Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863179 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sa ca225cj8ngliwfavezl5wtpdqvkz0bx 863180 863179 2026-06-21T15:00:29Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863180 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku Sau foskw1zoj43f0o0plr1tf5zj61ykx8v 863181 863180 2026-06-21T15:00:57Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863181 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau 6zaphzdb56zi8pbfbn54bula4xyboz5 863182 863181 2026-06-21T15:01:16Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863182 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau u k6n5iqnjmwbn296g9mdfs38uhs6ujsu 863183 863182 2026-06-21T15:01:36Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863183 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uk kgt05c0zciv5cpdzayrmtyuu8jlxjym 863184 863183 2026-06-21T15:02:13Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863184 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku aif2sl4am0fwstynjguqes3sa4qhbxm 863186 863184 2026-06-21T15:03:13Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863186 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | dj6r1sa94dfuqk0d03ioh2uhguuicew 863187 863186 2026-06-21T15:03:43Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863187 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | M fggg9wi5t7w90zf0craddw1of995wr4 863189 863187 2026-06-21T15:05:47Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863189 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Ma qzke5lav7px6dgjesuhtottexrsx3wp 863190 863189 2026-06-21T15:06:05Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863190 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai kui65i78lyr96mtn204p3g1mr700sdq 863192 863190 2026-06-21T15:06:43Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863192 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai w 5gbgc9jw1eg2wg18k3a7o66qxnidr5d 863193 863192 2026-06-21T15:06:59Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863193 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wa 7y26avq6q13ssx8widm824tkgt29esw 863195 863193 2026-06-21T15:07:19Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863195 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai was ewyx5yri79yfd1qjjcstir0ri62n0al 863197 863195 2026-06-21T15:07:41Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863197 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasa oocy0ckmy77mq26b9i94dckyxjx9smd 863198 863197 2026-06-21T15:07:56Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863198 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan c9lhxm693f61py4m7rp66hlvuxqshu9 863199 863198 2026-06-21T15:08:20Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863199 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan k 7b0xy1n3pqo1wabh6t25l3l8htudwha 863200 863199 2026-06-21T15:09:04Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863200 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kw 1t2r5aidxj5ojjdyxle5jjynylylgmv 863201 863200 2026-06-21T15:09:31Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863201 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwa dniwfrsf5lofm5zoeso9fkcipp4rlr6 863203 863201 2026-06-21T15:09:47Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863203 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwai rczon69tpz0xu2tnwc24vuqpbt9b0lb 863204 863203 2026-06-21T15:10:02Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863204 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaik ezrdcesm1smxxcsr1lfs4cbnroa5mrc 863205 863204 2026-06-21T15:10:17Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863205 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikw ihmko7t7030ou5su3okb3fvzg14k3up 863206 863205 2026-06-21T15:10:31Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863206 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo 1llegod3l39ltwloy779cv6whxyzhht 863208 863206 2026-06-21T15:11:19Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863208 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | meihyc8i7wo4n9d6svb7vz8rjmnasfy 863209 863208 2026-06-21T15:11:47Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863209 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | W syvr9fqx4fvmtifmanuv5ozcr2edet0 863210 863209 2026-06-21T15:12:07Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wa bfir1iizd9jk3d22ax0st23sp403pm6 863211 863210 2026-06-21T15:12:22Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863211 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Was queuhexkveq95ta62hfxsq1mvf66ty3 863212 863211 2026-06-21T15:12:37Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863212 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasa je02gmbbgv9dcp52mgkmuryi8yt7bgc 863213 863212 2026-06-21T15:12:51Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863213 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan m8mi9r6cs9tqj96bk0w10pkrhapmos5 863215 863213 2026-06-21T15:13:08Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863215 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan k j3ihhleyeopkwrpdcvr4mefvbacfkv6 863217 863215 2026-06-21T15:13:42Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863217 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kw 6r62ak5q9bg321mz9x1rrww8mcag7jc 863219 863217 2026-06-21T15:14:03Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863219 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwa c8998l2xmrwy0o027qc4pszy4a09ifh 863220 863219 2026-06-21T15:14:22Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863220 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwai 2qovj59z1bpmtawspvsgos7nyvfa1eh 863222 863220 2026-06-21T15:14:42Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863222 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaik niqapw4vszne6tw6zlo3gbq4yv9bwdc 863223 863222 2026-06-21T15:15:00Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863223 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikw q0qj40s43f84lmlcbhltt90t1egyfdg 863224 863223 2026-06-21T15:15:14Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863224 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwa tp0ow94hi50kaunn95kn5pt4dj47338 863227 863224 2026-06-21T15:15:31Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863227 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikway ac6xate704tmder3jpvv9mr7mszvs2z 863229 863227 2026-06-21T15:15:57Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863229 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo i8rm0hhlmkslupc0dfm0vpsqybggppp 863230 863229 2026-06-21T15:16:17Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863230 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | h50bhondkiw0ejphjx3sjz20zcf7qn6 863231 863230 2026-06-21T15:16:52Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863231 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | A rfke6iuyzqsm6km1c5p8np856r689br 863233 863231 2026-06-21T15:17:16Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863233 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AK 0dxfv60ymwxucwel4xxo6h28ukiqh5x 863234 863233 2026-06-21T15:17:37Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863234 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA fyuc8lym75a85qeaaabqmqi47if7v6y 863236 863234 2026-06-21T15:18:05Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863236 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA a kgxipfwtnk0xqnxg3k2ec2yozih9gbs 863237 863236 2026-06-21T15:18:19Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863237 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA an e6zmudiugnc33k6wfdmi7hnomwjpsnq 863238 863237 2026-06-21T15:18:33Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863238 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anf 6do8arnvbbf6s88aah0r7dc2nbasqdr 863239 863238 2026-06-21T15:18:51Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863239 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfa 8hf97esxkfn79hbljjpumsc58irabux 863240 863239 2026-06-21T15:19:11Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863240 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfar 7n5fdczl5eiq0vxcf57t3putwi6tybb 863241 863240 2026-06-21T15:19:28Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863241 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara 336ysttl5f254scfmdl5i3cocfbmvn7 863242 863241 2026-06-21T15:20:55Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863242 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya 1. == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara 1593nypypl7ytdmabuf9zfmwfh8uxpy 863243 863242 2026-06-21T15:21:27Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863243 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya 1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara fquj75uf3uu71dg716d50vo45r5c8cq 863244 863243 2026-06-21T15:21:49Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863244 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara 310ybsntha6wqjxu0ka83m7s8twlyy9 863263 863244 2026-06-21T15:30:12Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863263 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara | j9m12i6swmadhps57f01tr8m7xwmqh7 863265 863263 2026-06-21T15:31:05Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863265 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- lzjw4ff7l3s6sawb8y47mesupmslsa2 863267 863265 2026-06-21T15:32:11Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863267 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | q405yq3g94c5ok41x949bphlc2jtkns 863268 863267 2026-06-21T15:32:44Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863268 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2 or1croyvj22b1zu0g7n205acrt41dc1 863270 863268 2026-06-21T15:33:28Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863270 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 20 hvj5rs3rjyc7freylqlu17e90twmy9s 863271 863270 2026-06-21T15:33:46Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863271 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 202 0hv20vmvsde3mguthhronbnbc391uw5 863273 863271 2026-06-21T15:34:05Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863273 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 gnpkyf9yhs8vdqp45vgfscrcuzcxiae 863558 863273 2026-06-21T23:06:15Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863558 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | anhamss5hwqvgq5ad844scq57576y1h 863559 863558 2026-06-21T23:06:44Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863559 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ' avknonbrh1otuj14dzlvshc4yi0pzw6 863560 863559 2026-06-21T23:07:02Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863560 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | '' akiqqami50udb95n30wuc4t5gf10gz5 863561 863560 2026-06-21T23:07:36Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863561 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''L od0rm7l9cys17s3d1sam0beczouokz3 863562 863561 2026-06-21T23:08:13Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863562 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lu 9h43nrfikfl707qvnd4d174ay3owf54 863563 863562 2026-06-21T23:08:40Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863563 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lul 42qo0vapp01y8q3lx05auunzomudtws 863564 863563 2026-06-21T23:08:56Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863564 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu 6qh6l16eo6n1cn3o4wh5fcu7fcveirs 863565 863564 2026-06-21T23:09:17Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863565 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu d 4ck1ek3b5xhdi65p94xmf3ct7onl68p 863566 863565 2026-06-21T23:09:35Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863566 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da sxn96me8f9h8xsbpr0ih3b1k2hn40l8 863567 863566 2026-06-21T23:12:51Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da A mu9iit7gktbywxabjbovgrm32n48j47 863568 863567 2026-06-21T23:13:29Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863568 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da a iq4bm9i7frkfyf8l3fqrnknhq03rfb0 863569 863568 2026-06-21T23:13:51Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863569 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da an p0yyvj27kgi66k6qzk7qvijuj2jtnit 863570 863569 2026-06-21T23:14:22Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863570 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da and 2auj22n5qktika2p7yjeoxw7nlfdmia 863571 863570 2026-06-21T23:14:41Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863571 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da anda lrwgwd87cxuxn5ndb6t8243ea3xzmkz 863572 863571 2026-06-21T23:15:09Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863572 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu 0g0hffzg1r2dj48x9gm5t6sjr84hglr 863573 863572 2026-06-21T23:16:22Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863573 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | 81h80agpmg89lva81om5u2dbe0lz7n5 863574 863573 2026-06-21T23:17:06Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863574 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | M ehj1yor9i9yhmv6zawlwei6dsoz7o7t 863575 863574 2026-06-21T23:17:35Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863575 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Ma iq9cwss3clcv0m3i0pbzphdei4ostf6 863576 863575 2026-06-21T23:17:55Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863576 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai 477y2k15kxd3rv9ng54i5xyn8nygwxd 863681 863576 2026-06-22T07:14:35Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863681 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai w b90djmsqusoi0l1y0dnpmq8vqspc602 863682 863681 2026-06-22T07:15:10Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863682 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wa j94aq4fs9p42d8lxqodmsmi5wveolg6 863683 863682 2026-06-22T07:16:14Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863683 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai was sv39byw4gnt8qr81h2zlnsjrv8jnysd 863684 863683 2026-06-22T07:17:02Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863684 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasa ib7xklrnbn4by28moscy3vbrubgl0m5 863685 863684 2026-06-22T07:17:28Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863685 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan q6r1l51pajt853bim7g2r7g1uczh90n 863686 863685 2026-06-22T07:17:49Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863686 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan k t6fcjtt06fgav4c5koofq6zc5ogberw 863687 863686 2026-06-22T07:18:32Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863687 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kw qtdawwjdezjt3ahyrhtx0np6j1affm0 863688 863687 2026-06-22T07:20:18Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863688 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwa lj7455fhxj9ilfe1ej68al5clp1umo0 863689 863688 2026-06-22T07:20:52Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863689 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwai gazsz64awlutlsi9f3j5t6frdpah3gh 863690 863689 2026-06-22T07:21:11Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863690 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaik 3md0s9fkqq8reny7jlt5edl3h1ws2md 863691 863690 2026-06-22T07:21:55Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863691 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikw k1x0n24dvqoh55ro0a5f83sts8v70dq 863693 863691 2026-06-22T07:22:13Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863693 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwa it9lv27cfl22djsig431st5bv7nrxa7 863694 863693 2026-06-22T07:22:33Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863694 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikway 0vhtudxm2f8tob119e8u8mgz0vom9y5 863695 863694 2026-06-22T07:23:05Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863695 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo k5l0yyfye27gx4ttb3kurjopg8u68jb 863697 863695 2026-06-22T07:23:47Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863697 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | 33f99l16elf21w3zvj38zruknj9t2rh 863698 863697 2026-06-22T07:24:28Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863698 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | W nxoaqcrr7nllot4tc1qwrber3fdhsv7 863699 863698 2026-06-22T07:24:51Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863699 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wa 5cut2bh8nh9d8geoi1ie3exjqeq7jc2 863700 863699 2026-06-22T07:25:09Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863700 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Was npr2cit5yapd0i8gntu6zjrr93tajfu 863701 863700 2026-06-22T07:25:29Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863701 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasa 25fu5r9p1g835mnkat0z26udffybuua 863702 863701 2026-06-22T07:25:43Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863702 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan 50mc1ay04pujbcop9mu3sjmttvkh6en 863703 863702 2026-06-22T07:26:06Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863703 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan k 3zqrtsipfeqcmugyduet6zjixitpklc 863704 863703 2026-06-22T07:26:49Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863704 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kw jkmrpm83wbbh0mzc17olaq6snz9c3wx 863705 863704 2026-06-22T07:27:31Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863705 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwa qe3fou0t2c0pysd8x19nyusj4wams89 863706 863705 2026-06-22T07:28:07Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863706 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwai j39g7c9sesgsr0elzg3somvcmmbs9b0 863707 863706 2026-06-22T07:28:30Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863707 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaik ovm0u9veuni4503g82n45a67q32pacc 863708 863707 2026-06-22T07:28:49Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863708 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikw 2dzca5n2h07ampmy6t7mcu1zufstjc5 863710 863708 2026-06-22T07:29:13Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863710 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwa 3s925on35gxgzgj8eelcjypvfgyhh9o 863711 863710 2026-06-22T07:29:32Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863711 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikway fqnwgbkbqsf6d4eildyil00dnp7mbje 863712 863711 2026-06-22T07:30:21Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863712 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo p2cmxcfn6v48klhuma8vfb7c03nlonm 863713 863712 2026-06-22T07:31:26Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863713 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | g6ogs0zk8ych9p1jvc93y1wsbee590q 863714 863713 2026-06-22T07:31:58Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863714 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | T n0q1u2ft8v5nq4t7ihnjg5noxu4r1q5 863715 863714 2026-06-22T07:32:26Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863715 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | TY ma9af1k11gze7ret3y0weck90mibho9 863716 863715 2026-06-22T07:32:45Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863716 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | TY S iw32q6gzjofd4pi69m8u59rbhiixt3n 863717 863716 2026-06-22T07:33:06Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863717 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | TY SH h8g1k4b5nb8snx6vy2rmiv4cccerxxx 863718 863717 2026-06-22T07:33:24Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863718 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | TY SHA d80009sfjbv7vv1g1qoj7jz54i3z5l7 863719 863718 2026-06-22T07:33:41Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863719 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | TY SHAB fv9s2nkft0h8vnrpjm7olxenldjjqc6 863720 863719 2026-06-22T07:33:59Z Asmau Abubakar 45205 863720 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Radeeya Jibril''''' An haifi Radeeya Jibril ne (7) ga watan December "1993") a jahar [[Legas]] dake Kudancin [[Najeriya]] amma daga baya sun koma garin [[Kaduna]] da zama, acan ta girma harma tayi karatun ta acan, jaruma ce a masana’antar (kannywood) tayi aure tarabu da mijinta tana da Ya mace guda daya (1). == Fina Finai== Ta fito a finafinai da dama daga cikin su akwai: {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Nau’i ! Kamfanin Samarwa |- | 2022 | ''Dan jarida'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | Maishadda global resources |- | 2024 | ''Jikokin mai gari'' | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | M Soja Concept Nig Ltd |- | 2022 | ''Uku sau uku | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | AKA anfara |- | 2023 | ''Lulu da Andalu | Mai wasan kwaikwayo | Wasan kwaikwayo | TY SHABA rkdoazz6osnoud5ebtl0g2z2b7g1ybd 0 158926 862983 862299 2026-06-21T13:02:00Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 862983 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. == Manazarta == 6ufh39l2lwehbc0q2jfjz23s1rusn4i 862989 862983 2026-06-21T13:04:03Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 862989 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. == Manazarta == p9fccq2wdb4x325lruxcpd8aq637cll 862993 862989 2026-06-21T13:05:01Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 862993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. == Manazarta == njkujo73842z0qf857h6uewkibhvfi7 862995 862993 2026-06-21T13:06:00Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 862995 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. == Manazarta == cfvhwdm0gn96ih7hlou0sb47jb496o3 863006 862995 2026-06-21T13:07:54Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863006 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === == Manazarta == c3tgohow00ckbuez0zzxm5nytachtkc 863009 863006 2026-06-21T13:08:39Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863009 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. == Manazarta == 2y26c7y1lsfekcogqunjr71ao3c7xmd 863013 863009 2026-06-21T13:09:35Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863013 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. == Manazarta == kdjf5jammj9z4cjwmme4rzo1p3arnwj 863016 863013 2026-06-21T13:10:55Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. == Manazarta == abua4v2geu04ii5sn0pj4qwk4bi3byz 863018 863016 2026-06-21T13:11:41Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863018 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === == Manazarta == 2t8ag8f29p9vhzfccxjo2anba90c8y1 863019 863018 2026-06-21T13:12:19Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. == Manazarta == qmuwhwxutn6l98aqw642agmexk8umgy 863022 863019 2026-06-21T13:13:23Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. == Manazarta == b55d3r27nadphx8829zekvewg8o79wd 863025 863022 2026-06-21T13:13:57Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. == Manazarta == qxfeartw83dvm3273pwbxou3k1zvzr1 863029 863025 2026-06-21T13:15:12Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === == Manazarta == klvsv9usfdycetce1unuetajy1keyl3 863034 863029 2026-06-21T13:16:39Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === === Gabashin Timor === == Manazarta == bv3py1n1wn68y5tzge5plyz8h7xcg23 863037 863034 2026-06-21T13:17:19Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863037 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === === Gabashin Timor === Ana yin Chourico a Gabashin Timor. Turawan Portugal ne suka gabatar da shi, tare da mulkin mallaka na Gabashin Timor. == Manazarta == rk0c1d9r394tbp3eyiq7xk4l29enq8f 863043 863037 2026-06-21T13:18:29Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863043 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === === Gabashin Timor === Ana yin Chourico a Gabashin Timor. Turawan Portugal ne suka gabatar da shi, tare da mulkin mallaka na Gabashin Timor. === Goa === == Manazarta == 4prubzgdnnof0ez5iwsy5xutg203yhl 863045 863043 2026-06-21T13:19:17Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863045 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === === Gabashin Timor === Ana yin Chourico a Gabashin Timor. Turawan Portugal ne suka gabatar da shi, tare da mulkin mallaka na Gabashin Timor. === Goa === A Goa, Indiya, wadda Turawan Portugal suka mulki tsawon shekaru 450 kuma tana da kaso mai yawa na Katolika na Goan, ana yin chouriço ne daga naman alade wanda aka jika a cikin cakuda vinegar, barkono ja, da kayan ƙanshi kamar tafarnuwa, citta, cumin, turmeric, cloves, barkono, da kirfa, sannan a saka su a cikin casings. Ana iya yin su danye (jika), a shaƙa ko a busar da su ta hanyar gishiri da iska. Ana cin waɗannan ko dai tare da burodin Goan na gida na Portugal, ko albasa lu'u-lu'u, ko duka biyun. Ana kuma amfani da tsiran alade, a yanka su gunduwa-gunduwa, a matsayin sinadarin nama a cikin pilaf ɗin shinkafa. == Manazarta == ts9qisaonf02b66y1d70kiofkv0detp 863050 863045 2026-06-21T13:20:29Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863050 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === === Gabashin Timor === Ana yin Chourico a Gabashin Timor. Turawan Portugal ne suka gabatar da shi, tare da mulkin mallaka na Gabashin Timor. === Goa === A Goa, Indiya, wadda Turawan Portugal suka mulki tsawon shekaru 450 kuma tana da kaso mai yawa na Katolika na Goan, ana yin chouriço ne daga naman alade wanda aka jika a cikin cakuda vinegar, barkono ja, da kayan ƙanshi kamar tafarnuwa, citta, cumin, turmeric, cloves, barkono, da kirfa, sannan a saka su a cikin casings. Ana iya yin su danye (jika), a shaƙa ko a busar da su ta hanyar gishiri da iska. Ana cin waɗannan ko dai tare da burodin Goan na gida na Portugal, ko albasa lu'u-lu'u, ko duka biyun. Ana kuma amfani da tsiran alade, a yanka su gunduwa-gunduwa, a matsayin sinadarin nama a cikin pilaf ɗin shinkafa. Ana samun nau'ikan chouriço guda uku a Goa: busasshe, rigar, da fata. Chouriço busasshe yana tsufa a rana na tsawon lokaci (watanni uku ko fiye). Chouriço mai rigar yana tsufa na kimanin wata ɗaya ko ƙasa da haka. Chouriço na fata, wanda kuma ya tsufa, ba kasafai yake samuwa ba kuma yana da wahalar samu. Ya ƙunshi fatar alade da aka niƙa tare da wasu kitsen da ke ƙarƙashinsa. Duk chouriços guda uku ana yin su ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar zafi, matsakaici, da laushi. Akwai wasu bambance-bambancen, ya danganta da girman hanyoyin haɗin, waɗanda suka kama daga inci 1 zuwa 6 (2.5–15 cm). Yawanci, nau'ikan da suka jike sun fi tsayi fiye da waɗanda suka bushe. == Manazarta == p2rqhz7vpgernorjexpi8xufzvjrnjf 863053 863050 2026-06-21T13:21:47Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu. A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === === Gabashin Timor === Ana yin Chourico a Gabashin Timor. Turawan Portugal ne suka gabatar da shi, tare da mulkin mallaka na Gabashin Timor. === Goa === A Goa, Indiya, wadda Turawan Portugal suka mulki tsawon shekaru 450 kuma tana da kaso mai yawa na Katolika na Goan, ana yin chouriço ne daga naman alade wanda aka jika a cikin cakuda vinegar, barkono ja, da kayan ƙanshi kamar tafarnuwa, citta, cumin, turmeric, cloves, barkono, da kirfa, sannan a saka su a cikin casings. Ana iya yin su danye (jika), a shaƙa ko a busar da su ta hanyar gishiri da iska. Ana cin waɗannan ko dai tare da burodin Goan na gida na Portugal, ko albasa lu'u-lu'u, ko duka biyun. Ana kuma amfani da tsiran alade, a yanka su gunduwa-gunduwa, a matsayin sinadarin nama a cikin pilaf ɗin shinkafa. Ana samun nau'ikan chouriço guda uku a Goa: busasshe, rigar, da fata. Chouriço busasshe yana tsufa a rana na tsawon lokaci (watanni uku ko fiye). Chouriço mai rigar yana tsufa na kimanin wata ɗaya ko ƙasa da haka. Chouriço na fata, wanda kuma ya tsufa, ba kasafai yake samuwa ba kuma yana da wahalar samu. Ya ƙunshi fatar alade da aka niƙa tare da wasu kitsen da ke ƙarƙashinsa. Duk chouriços guda uku ana yin su ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar zafi, matsakaici, da laushi. Akwai wasu bambance-bambancen, ya danganta da girman hanyoyin haɗin, waɗanda suka kama daga inci 1 zuwa 6 (2.5–15 cm). Yawanci, nau'ikan da suka jike sun fi tsayi fiye da waɗanda suka bushe. Goan chouriços sun bambanta da Goan frankfurters, waɗanda suke kama da daidai da waɗanda ake samu a Amurka, amma galibi suna da ɗanɗanon barkono. === Philippines === == Manazarta == a0qwvuank3kj7pctwv8m1ejhjf2ru96 863057 863053 2026-06-21T13:23:26Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863057 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu.<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chorizo</ref><ref>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/chorizo</ref> A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika. Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa). == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos. === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === === Gabashin Timor === Ana yin Chourico a Gabashin Timor. Turawan Portugal ne suka gabatar da shi, tare da mulkin mallaka na Gabashin Timor. === Goa === A Goa, Indiya, wadda Turawan Portugal suka mulki tsawon shekaru 450 kuma tana da kaso mai yawa na Katolika na Goan, ana yin chouriço ne daga naman alade wanda aka jika a cikin cakuda vinegar, barkono ja, da kayan ƙanshi kamar tafarnuwa, citta, cumin, turmeric, cloves, barkono, da kirfa, sannan a saka su a cikin casings. Ana iya yin su danye (jika), a shaƙa ko a busar da su ta hanyar gishiri da iska. Ana cin waɗannan ko dai tare da burodin Goan na gida na Portugal, ko albasa lu'u-lu'u, ko duka biyun. Ana kuma amfani da tsiran alade, a yanka su gunduwa-gunduwa, a matsayin sinadarin nama a cikin pilaf ɗin shinkafa. Ana samun nau'ikan chouriço guda uku a Goa: busasshe, rigar, da fata. Chouriço busasshe yana tsufa a rana na tsawon lokaci (watanni uku ko fiye). Chouriço mai rigar yana tsufa na kimanin wata ɗaya ko ƙasa da haka. Chouriço na fata, wanda kuma ya tsufa, ba kasafai yake samuwa ba kuma yana da wahalar samu. Ya ƙunshi fatar alade da aka niƙa tare da wasu kitsen da ke ƙarƙashinsa. Duk chouriços guda uku ana yin su ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar zafi, matsakaici, da laushi. Akwai wasu bambance-bambancen, ya danganta da girman hanyoyin haɗin, waɗanda suka kama daga inci 1 zuwa 6 (2.5–15 cm). Yawanci, nau'ikan da suka jike sun fi tsayi fiye da waɗanda suka bushe. Goan chouriços sun bambanta da Goan frankfurters, waɗanda suke kama da daidai da waɗanda ake samu a Amurka, amma galibi suna da ɗanɗanon barkono. === Philippines === == Manazarta == b1q3e9zln87myc8g6v39sx4tkg6y1fg 863058 863057 2026-06-21T13:25:28Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu.<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chorizo</ref><ref>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/chorizo</ref> A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=NLR4jPm_x0sC&q=Chorizo+intitle:Sausage&pg=RA5-PA32</ref><ref>https://www.lobbymarket.es/chorizos-a-la-sidra</ref> Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa).<ref>https://easyportugueserecipes.com/chourico-bombeiro/</ref><ref>http://www.lets-make-sausage.com/chorizo-recipes.html</ref> == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos.<ref>https://easyportugueserecipes.com/chourico-bombeiro/</ref> === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === === Gabashin Timor === Ana yin Chourico a Gabashin Timor. Turawan Portugal ne suka gabatar da shi, tare da mulkin mallaka na Gabashin Timor. === Goa === A Goa, Indiya, wadda Turawan Portugal suka mulki tsawon shekaru 450 kuma tana da kaso mai yawa na Katolika na Goan, ana yin chouriço ne daga naman alade wanda aka jika a cikin cakuda vinegar, barkono ja, da kayan ƙanshi kamar tafarnuwa, citta, cumin, turmeric, cloves, barkono, da kirfa, sannan a saka su a cikin casings. Ana iya yin su danye (jika), a shaƙa ko a busar da su ta hanyar gishiri da iska. Ana cin waɗannan ko dai tare da burodin Goan na gida na Portugal, ko albasa lu'u-lu'u, ko duka biyun. Ana kuma amfani da tsiran alade, a yanka su gunduwa-gunduwa, a matsayin sinadarin nama a cikin pilaf ɗin shinkafa. Ana samun nau'ikan chouriço guda uku a Goa: busasshe, rigar, da fata. Chouriço busasshe yana tsufa a rana na tsawon lokaci (watanni uku ko fiye). Chouriço mai rigar yana tsufa na kimanin wata ɗaya ko ƙasa da haka. Chouriço na fata, wanda kuma ya tsufa, ba kasafai yake samuwa ba kuma yana da wahalar samu. Ya ƙunshi fatar alade da aka niƙa tare da wasu kitsen da ke ƙarƙashinsa. Duk chouriços guda uku ana yin su ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar zafi, matsakaici, da laushi. Akwai wasu bambance-bambancen, ya danganta da girman hanyoyin haɗin, waɗanda suka kama daga inci 1 zuwa 6 (2.5–15 cm). Yawanci, nau'ikan da suka jike sun fi tsayi fiye da waɗanda suka bushe. Goan chouriços sun bambanta da Goan frankfurters, waɗanda suke kama da daidai da waɗanda ake samu a Amurka, amma galibi suna da ɗanɗanon barkono. === Philippines === == Manazarta == skyvizn6fwhvbrtjkzkp1jq4vls8ttt 863060 863058 2026-06-21T13:26:36Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu.<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chorizo</ref><ref>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/chorizo</ref> A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=NLR4jPm_x0sC&q=Chorizo+intitle:Sausage&pg=RA5-PA32</ref><ref>https://www.lobbymarket.es/chorizos-a-la-sidra</ref> Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa).<ref>https://easyportugueserecipes.com/chourico-bombeiro/</ref><ref>http://www.lets-make-sausage.com/chorizo-recipes.html</ref> == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos.<ref>https://easyportugueserecipes.com/chourico-bombeiro/</ref> === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === === Gabashin Timor === Ana yin Chourico a Gabashin Timor. Turawan Portugal ne suka gabatar da shi, tare da mulkin mallaka na Gabashin Timor. === Goa === A Goa, Indiya, wadda Turawan Portugal suka mulki tsawon shekaru 450 kuma tana da kaso mai yawa na Katolika na Goan, ana yin chouriço ne daga naman alade wanda aka jika a cikin cakuda vinegar, barkono ja, da kayan ƙanshi kamar tafarnuwa, citta, cumin, turmeric, cloves, barkono, da kirfa, sannan a saka su a cikin casings. Ana iya yin su danye (jika), a shaƙa ko a busar da su ta hanyar gishiri da iska. Ana cin waɗannan ko dai tare da burodin Goan na gida na Portugal, ko albasa lu'u-lu'u, ko duka biyun. Ana kuma amfani da tsiran alade, a yanka su gunduwa-gunduwa, a matsayin sinadarin nama a cikin pilaf ɗin shinkafa. Ana samun nau'ikan chouriço guda uku a Goa: busasshe, rigar, da fata. Chouriço busasshe yana tsufa a rana na tsawon lokaci (watanni uku ko fiye). Chouriço mai rigar yana tsufa na kimanin wata ɗaya ko ƙasa da haka. Chouriço na fata, wanda kuma ya tsufa, ba kasafai yake samuwa ba kuma yana da wahalar samu. Ya ƙunshi fatar alade da aka niƙa tare da wasu kitsen da ke ƙarƙashinsa. Duk chouriços guda uku ana yin su ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar zafi, matsakaici, da laushi. Akwai wasu bambance-bambancen, ya danganta da girman hanyoyin haɗin, waɗanda suka kama daga inci 1 zuwa 6 (2.5–15 cm). Yawanci, nau'ikan da suka jike sun fi tsayi fiye da waɗanda suka bushe. Goan chouriços sun bambanta da Goan frankfurters, waɗanda suke kama da daidai da waɗanda ake samu a Amurka, amma galibi suna da ɗanɗanon barkono. === Philippines === <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=iz8_DwAAQBAJ&q=Arroz+caldo</ref> == Manazarta == ma5g4tvylny6znxdw58flt41vx3tcfd 863061 863060 2026-06-21T13:27:10Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chorizo'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorizo</ref> Chorizo ​​(/tʃəˈriːzoʊ, -soʊ/ chə-REE-zoh, -⁠soh, Sifaniyanci: [tʃoˈɾiθo, tʃoˈɾiso]; Fotigal: chouriço [ʃo(w)ˈɾisu]) wani nau'in tsiran alade ne da ya samo asali daga yankin Iberian. Ana yin sa a cikin nau'ikan ƙasa da na yanki da yawa a ƙasashe da dama a nahiyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan sun bambanta da juna, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rudani ko rashin jituwa kan sunaye da asalin kayayyakin da ake magana a kansu.<ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chorizo</ref><ref>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/chorizo</ref> A Turai, chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci da chouriço na Portugal tsiran alade ne da aka dafa, aka warke, aka kuma shaƙa, wanda ke samun hayakinsa da launin ja mai zurfi daga busasshen barkono, aka shaƙa, ja (pimentón/colorau); ana iya yanka shi a ci ba tare da an dafa shi ba, ko a ƙara shi a matsayin sinadari don ƙara ɗanɗano ga sauran abinci. A wani wuri, ba za a iya yin chorizo ​​ko a warke ba, wanda ke buƙatar dafawa kafin a ci. A Mexico ana yin sa da barkonon barkono maimakon paprika.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=NLR4jPm_x0sC&q=Chorizo+intitle:Sausage&pg=RA5-PA32</ref><ref>https://www.lobbymarket.es/chorizos-a-la-sidra</ref> Ana cin chorizo ​​na Iberian a yanka a cikin sanwici, a gasa, a soya, ko a dafa a cikin ruwa, gami da cider apple ko abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi kamar aguardiente. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman madadin naman sa ko naman alade da aka niƙa (da aka niƙa).<ref>https://easyportugueserecipes.com/chourico-bombeiro/</ref><ref>http://www.lets-make-sausage.com/chorizo-recipes.html</ref> == Iri-iri ta kowane yanki == === Turai === Dangane da rajistar alamun yanki na EU, a cikin 2023, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​8 da aka sani a Portugal: chorizo ​​​​de ossos de vinhais, azedo de vinhais, Mouro de Portalegre, abóbora de Barroso-Montalegre, Portalegre, carne de Estremoz, Estremoz e Bornte, da Baixoba. A cikin Spain, akwai nau'ikan chorizo ​​​​da aka sani: chorizo ​​​​Riojano da chorizo ​​​​de Cantimpalos.<ref>https://easyportugueserecipes.com/chourico-bombeiro/</ref> === Sipaniya === Gabaɗaya, ana yin chorizo ​​na Sipaniya daga naman alade da aka yanka da kitsen alade, wanda aka ƙara masa tafarnuwa, pimentón (paprika mai hayaƙi) da gishiri. Ana iya rarraba shi a matsayin picante (mai yaji) ko dulce (mai daɗi), ya danganta da nau'in pimentón da ake amfani da shi. Akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Sipaniya na yankuna, wasu an shaƙa wasu kuma ba a shaƙa ba, waɗanda kowannensu an yi su daban-daban kuma suna iya haɗawa da ganye da sauran sinadarai. Misali, chorizo ​​de Pamplona tsiran alade ne mai kauri tare da naman da aka niƙa sosai. Daga cikin nau'ikan akwai chorizo ​​Riojano daga yankin La Rioja, wanda ke da kariyar PGI a cikin EU. Ana yin Chorizo ​​a cikin nau'ikan gajere ko dogaye da tauri ko laushi; nau'ikan da suka fi siriri sun dace da cin su a zafin ɗaki a matsayin abun ciye-ciye ko tapas, yayin da ake amfani da nau'ikan da suka fi kiba wajen girki. Ka'idar da aka saba da ita ita ce dogayen chorizos masu siriri suna da daɗi, kuma gajerun chorizos suna da yaji, kodayake ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Spain tana samar da wasu nau'ikan naman alade da yawa, kamar lomo embuchado da salchichón, waɗanda ake warkewa kuma ake busar da su ta hanyar da ta dace. Lomo nama ne mai siriri, wanda aka dafa shi a yanka maimakon dafa abinci, wanda aka yi ta hanyar marinating da busar da naman alade ta hanyar amfani da iska. Salchichón wani tsiran alade ne da aka warke ba tare da kayan ƙanshi na pimentón na chorizo ​​ba, wanda aka ɗanɗana shi da barkono baƙi. Dangane da nau'in abincin, ana iya cin chorizo ​​a yanka ba tare da an ƙara dafa shi ba, misali a cikin sanwici, ko kuma a gasa shi, a soya shi, ko a gasa shi tare da sauran kayan abinci, kuma sinadari ne a cikin abinci da yawa inda yake tare da wake, kamar fabada ko cocido montañés. Haka kuma ana iya yin hidima da shi a matsayin tapa tare da miyar jan giya. Sigar waɗannan jita-jitan con todos los sacramentos (tare da duk kayan da aka gyara, a zahiri "sacraments") sun haɗa da wasu nama da aka kiyaye kamar tocino (naman alade da aka warke) da morcilla (tsiran alade na jini) tare da chorizo. [[Fayil:Chorizo a la parrilla de Argentina.jpg|thumb|chorizo on display]] === Portugal === Chouriço na Portugal ko chouriça, wanda galibi ke nuna babban ko kauri, ya bambanta da chorizo ​​na Spain. Sinadaran asali sune naman alade, mai, paprika, tafarnuwa, da gishiri. Ana kuma samun ruwan inabi da barkono mai zafi a wasu yankuna. Sannan ana zuba shi a cikin kayan kwalliya na halitta daga alade ko rago sannan a busar da shi a hankali akan hayaki. Iri daban-daban daban-daban sun bambanta a launi, siffa, kayan ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Ana amfani da barkono fari, piri-piri, cumin da kirfa a wasu nau'ikan abinci. Yawancin abinci na abincin Portugal da Brazil suna amfani da chouriço, gami da cozido à portuguesa da feijoada. Wata hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen shirya chouriço ita ce a yanka shi a hankali sannan a dafa shi a kan harshen wuta mai barasa a teburin (wani lokaci ana kiransa chouriço à bombeiro, amma galibi ana kiransa chouriço assado) a cikin na'urorin ƙona turare masu gilashi da aka yi da gangan. A Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, yawancin bakin haure 'yan Portugal daga Portugal da Mozambique a shekarun 1960 sun fi zama a wani yanki mai suna La Rochelle (Ƙaramar Portugal). Yawancinsu ko dai sun koma Portugal ko kuma sun ƙaura zuwa yankunan karkara masu wadata a cikin birnin, amma gidajen cin abinci a yankin da kuma bikin tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na "Lusitoland" suna da chouriço a cikin menu. A cikin gundumomin da ke da yawan 'yan Portugal a jihohin Rhode Island na Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Massachusetts, sau da yawa ana ba da chouriço da ƙananan ƙwai da wake. Sandwich ɗin Chouriço a kan biredi, tare da barkono kore da albasa da aka soya, ana samun su a shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na gida da na kayan abinci. Quahogs masu cike da abinci (wanda kuma aka sani da stuffies), wani nau'in abinci na musamman a Rhode Island, yawanci sun haɗa da chouriço. A Portugal, ana iya yin chourico da jini, kama da tsiran alade na jini ko pudding baƙar fata, kuma ana kiransa chouriço de sangue (jinin chouriço) ko morcela. Sauran nau'o'in chouriço sun haɗa da chouriço de vinho (wine chouriço), chouriço de cebola (albasa chouriço), chouriço fumado (kyfaffen chouriço), chouriço de ossos (chouriço kashi), chourição (manyan chouriço), da chouriça de vingarlicha d ( chourico d). == Amirka ta Arewa == === Mexico === Dangane da chorizo ​​fresco na Spain (sabo chorizo), nau'ikan chorizo ​​na Mexico ba wai kawai an yi su ne daga naman alade mai kitse ba, har ma da naman sa, naman nama, kaza, da turkey. Ana kuma samun nau'ikan kosher da na vegan. Ana yawan niƙa naman (an niƙa shi) maimakon a yanka shi, kuma ana amfani da kayan ƙanshi daban-daban. Saboda tsadar paprika na Spain da aka shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje a tarihi, ana yin chorizo ​​na Mexico a al'ada da nau'ikan barkono iri ɗaya da ake amfani da su a Spain, wanda hakan ya sa nau'in Mexico ya fi na Spain zafi. Chorizo ​​na Mexico kuma yawanci yana amfani da vinegar, maimakon farin giya da aka saba amfani da shi a [[Sipaniya]]. Wannan tsiran alade mai yaji da aka shirya sabo shine babban nau'in chorizo ​​​​a Mexico da sauran sassan Amurka, gami da yawancin Amurka, amma ba a yawan samunsa a Turai. Yankin da ke kewaye da Toluca ya ƙware a chorizo ​​"kore", wanda aka yi da wasu haɗin tumatir, cilantro, barkono barkono, da tafarnuwa. Yawancin chorizo ​​na Mexico, duk da haka, launinsa ja ne mai zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samunsa a nau'i biyu, sabo da busasshe, kodayake sabo ya fi yawa. Wasu daga cikin chorizos na kasuwanci mafi arha suna amfani da kayan lambu da aka cika a cikin filastik don kama da naman tsiran alade, maimakon naman tsoka. Kafin a ci, galibi ana yanke murfin kuma ana soya tsiran alade a cikin kasko kuma a niƙa shi da cokali mai yatsu har sai ya yi kama da naman sa da aka niƙa da kyau. Ana yin wasu chorizo ​​ba tare da wani casing ba. Ana warkar da naman alade da naman sa cikin ruwan inabi da garin barkono. Ana ba da shi don karin kumallo, abincin rana, ko abincin dare, yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ɗanɗanon da aka ambata a sama sosai. A Mexico, gidajen cin abinci da wuraren cin abinci suna yin tacos, queso fundido (ko choriqueso), burritos, da tortas ta amfani da chorizo ​​da aka dafa, kuma shi ma sanannen abin da ake sakawa a pizza ne. Chorizo ​​con huevos sanannen abincin karin kumallo ne a Mexico da yankunan Amurka tare da al'ummar Mexico. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar haɗa chorizo ​​soyayye da ƙwai da aka gasa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Chorizo ​​con huevos a cikin burritos na karin kumallo, tacos, da taquitos. Wani sanannen girke-girke na Mexico shine chorizo ​​soyayye tare da wake pinto ko baƙi da aka soya. Ana amfani da wannan haɗin a cikin tortas azaman yadi, ko kuma azaman abincin gefe inda ake yin wake da aka soya akai-akai. A Mexico da kudu maso yammacin Amurka ana amfani da chorizo ​​​​don yin chorizo ​​con queso (ko choriqueso), wani abincin ciye-ciye mai shahara wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan guntu na chorizo ​​da aka yi hidima da cuku mai narkewa kuma ana ci tare da ƙananan tortillas na masara ko chips na tortilla. A yankunan Mexico da ke Amurka, wani sanannen abincin da ake ci don karin kumallo shine chorizo ​​con papas, dankalin da aka yanka a soya har sai ya yi laushi tare da gauraya chorizo. === Amurka === Sabanin chorizo ​​na Sifaniyanci, a Amurka kalmar galibi tana nufin tsiran alade wanda ba a taɓa busar da shi ba, yana da kitse mai yawa, kuma yana da yaji sosai. Ya fi shahara a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'ar Cuba, Dominican, ko Puerto Rican ko kusa da kan iyakar Mexico, musamman a Kudu maso Yamma kusa da Chihuahua, Sonora, da Nuevo León. Haka kuma ana samunsa a arewa a wurare kamar Austin, Texas ko Santa Fe, New Mexico, inda akwai shaidar tarihi game da kasancewarsa tun kafin zamanin Wild West. Ana cin sa ne kawai don karin kumallo, ko kuma a haɗa shi da nau'in migas na gida. A Louisiana, abincin Creole da Cajun duka suna da nau'in chorizo ​​​​wanda ake kira chaurice, wanda ake yawan amfani da shi a cikin abincin Creole na wake ja da shinkafa. Kamar yadda yake a kan ɗan uwanta na yamma, [wane?] shan wannan nau'in abincin gargajiya ne da aka yarda da shi a cikin abincin gida. === Tsakiyar Amurka da Caribbean === A Puerto Rico, Panama, da Jamhuriyar Dominican, ana ɗaukar chorizo ​​da longaniza nau'ikan nama guda biyu daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Puerto Rican tsiran alade ne mai hayaƙi, wanda aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi, kusan iri ɗaya ne da na Spain. Longaniza na Puerto Rican da Dominican suna da ɗanɗano da kamanni daban-daban. Ana cusa naman da aka yi masa kayan ƙanshi a cikin kwandon naman alade kuma ana yin sa da tsayi da hannu. Sannan ana rataye shi don ya bushe a iska. Sannan ana iya soya longaniza a cikin mai ko a dafa shi da shinkafa ko wake. Ana cin sa da abinci daban-daban. Chorizo ​​na Salvador gajere ne, sabo ne (ba a busar da shi ba) kuma an ɗaure shi da tagwaye. === Kudancin Amurka === A Ecuador, nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa an yi amfani da su kai tsaye daga abincin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka. Duk nau'ikan tsiran alade, ko dai danye ko hayaƙi, ana kiransu da salami, amma mafi yawan su sune chorizo ​​na Sipaniya, pepperoni na Italiya, da tsiran alade na wiener; wieners sune mafi shahara. Wasu abubuwan da ake ci a gida sun haɗa da morcilla, longaniza, da chorizo. Morcilla, kamar yadda yake a yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Sipaniya, galibi ana dafa jinin naman alade da aka lulluɓe a cikin jakar hanjin alade (pudding baƙi a Turanci). Longaniza tsiran alade ce mai siriri wacce ke ɗauke da kusan kowace cakuda nama, mai, ko ma guringuntsi, wanda aka hayaƙi maimakon sabo. Chorizo ​​cakuda naman alade da aka yanka, kitsen alade, gishiri, hatsin barkono gabaɗaya, kirfa, achiote, da sauran kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda ke samar da launin ja mai zurfi. Abincin gargajiya ya ƙunshi ƙwai soyayye, dankalin turawa da aka niƙa, avocado, salati, da yanka chorizo ​​soyayye. A Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia da Venezuela, chorizo ​​shine sunan kowane tsiran alade mai kauri. Haka kuma ana samun chorizo ​​irin na Sipaniya kuma ana bambanta shi da sunan chorizo ​​español ('Spanish chorizo') ko chorizo ​​colorado ('ja chorizo'). Chorizos na Argentina yawanci ana yin su ne da naman alade, kuma ba sa da zafi mai yaji. Wasu chorizos na Argentina sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan nama, galibi naman sa. A Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, da Peru, chorizo ​​sabo, wanda aka dafa kuma aka yi hidima a cikin burodi, ana kiransa choripán. A Colombia, chorizo ​​yawanci ana tare da arepa. A Brazil, chouriço kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen kwatanta abin da a sauran Latin Amurka ake kira morcilla; tsiran alade nama kamar chorizos na wasu ƙasashen Latin Amurka ana kiransu linguiça. Ana amfani da nau'ikan chouriço da linguiça iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, kamar feijoada. A Bolivia, ana yin chorizos da naman alade, ana soya su kuma ana ba su salati (tumatir, latas, albasa, karas da aka dafa da quirquiña), mote, da kuma yanki na burodi da aka jika da kitsen chorizo. Ana kuma cin sandwiches na Chorizo, ba tare da mote ba. === Kudanci da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya === === Gabashin Timor === Ana yin Chourico a Gabashin Timor. Turawan Portugal ne suka gabatar da shi, tare da mulkin mallaka na Gabashin Timor. === Goa === A Goa, Indiya, wadda Turawan Portugal suka mulki tsawon shekaru 450 kuma tana da kaso mai yawa na Katolika na Goan, ana yin chouriço ne daga naman alade wanda aka jika a cikin cakuda vinegar, barkono ja, da kayan ƙanshi kamar tafarnuwa, citta, cumin, turmeric, cloves, barkono, da kirfa, sannan a saka su a cikin casings. Ana iya yin su danye (jika), a shaƙa ko a busar da su ta hanyar gishiri da iska. Ana cin waɗannan ko dai tare da burodin Goan na gida na Portugal, ko albasa lu'u-lu'u, ko duka biyun. Ana kuma amfani da tsiran alade, a yanka su gunduwa-gunduwa, a matsayin sinadarin nama a cikin pilaf ɗin shinkafa. Ana samun nau'ikan chouriço guda uku a Goa: busasshe, rigar, da fata. Chouriço busasshe yana tsufa a rana na tsawon lokaci (watanni uku ko fiye). Chouriço mai rigar yana tsufa na kimanin wata ɗaya ko ƙasa da haka. Chouriço na fata, wanda kuma ya tsufa, ba kasafai yake samuwa ba kuma yana da wahalar samu. Ya ƙunshi fatar alade da aka niƙa tare da wasu kitsen da ke ƙarƙashinsa. Duk chouriços guda uku ana yin su ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar zafi, matsakaici, da laushi. Akwai wasu bambance-bambancen, ya danganta da girman hanyoyin haɗin, waɗanda suka kama daga inci 1 zuwa 6 (2.5–15 cm). Yawanci, nau'ikan da suka jike sun fi tsayi fiye da waɗanda suka bushe. Goan chouriços sun bambanta da Goan frankfurters, waɗanda suke kama da daidai da waɗanda ake samu a Amurka, amma galibi suna da ɗanɗanon barkono.<ref>https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1017246-fresh-green-chorizo</ref> === Philippines === Longaniza (Tagalog: longganisa; Visayan: chorizo, choriso, soroso) tsiran alade ne na Philippines waɗanda aka ɗanɗana da kayan ƙanshi na asali, kuma ana iya yin su da kaza, naman sa, ko ma tuna. Duk da cewa kalmar longaniza gabaɗaya tana nufin tsiran alade sabo, ana kuma amfani da ita a Philippines don nufin tsiran alade da aka warke. Ana rina longganisa na Philippines sau da yawa da tsaba achuete. Akwai nau'ikan iri-iri da yawa daga yankuna daban-daban a Philippines.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=iz8_DwAAQBAJ&q=Arroz+caldo</ref> == Manazarta == 4m0vw27zuiymf0hj0bes5366uan32tm 0 159099 862916 2026-06-21T12:38:54Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359751023|Hoarding disorder]]" 862916 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rashin adana kaya''' ( '''HD''' ) wata cuta ce ta kwakwalwa <ref name=":1" /> wadda ke da alaƙa da wahala mai ɗorewa wajen rabuwa da kadarori da kuma shiga cikin yawan mallakar kayayyaki da ba a buƙata ko kuma waɗanda babu sarari a kansu. Wannan yana haifar da cunkoson wurare na zama, damuwa, da kuma rauni a cikin mutane, iyali, zamantakewa, ilimi, sana'a, ko wasu muhimman fannoni na aiki. Samun kaya fiye da kima yana da alaƙa da sha'awa ko halaye masu maimaitawa da suka shafi tara ko siyan kadarori. Wahalar zubar da kaya tana da alaƙa da buƙatar adana kayayyaki da damuwa da ke tattare da zubar da su. Tarin dukiya yana haifar da cunkoson wurare har zuwa lokacin da amfaninsu ko amincinsu ya lalace. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Clinical Classification of Hoarding Disorder {{!}} OCD-UK |url=https://www.ocduk.org/related-disorders/hoarding-disorder/clinical-classification-of-hoarding-disorder/ |access-date=2021-10-01 |language=en-GB}}</ref> An gane shi ta hanyar bita na sha ɗaya na Tsarin Cututtuka na Duniya (ICD-11) <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fontenelle |first=Leonardo F. |last2=Grant |first2=Jon E. |date=2014 |title=Hoarding disorder: a new diagnostic category in ICD-11? |journal=Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil: 1999) |volume=36 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=28–39 |doi=10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1269 |issn=1809-452X |pmid=25388610 |doi-access=free}}</ref> da <nowiki><i id="mwSA">Littafin Bincike da Ƙididdiga na Cututtukan Hankali, Bugu na Biyar</i></nowiki> (DSM-5). An kiyasta yawan kamuwa da cutar a tsakanin kashi 2% zuwa 5% a cikin manya, <ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Pertusa A, Frost RO, Fullana MA, Samuels J, Steketee G, Tolin D, Saxena S, Leckman JF, Mataix-Cols D |date=June 2010 |title=Refining the diagnostic boundaries of compulsive hoarding: a critical review |journal=Clinical Psychology Review |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=371–386 |doi=10.1016/j.cpr.2010.01.007 |pmid=20189280}}</ref> kodayake wannan cuta yawanci tana bayyana a lokacin ƙuruciya tare da alamun da ke ƙara ta'azzara a lokacin tsufa, wanda a lokacin ne kayan da aka tattara suka yi yawa kuma 'yan uwa waɗanda za su taimaka wajen kiyayewa da kuma sarrafa matakan da ke cikin cunkoso suka mutu ko kuma suka ƙaura. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ayers CR, Saxena S, Golshan S, Wetherell JL |date=February 2010 |title=Age at onset and clinical features of late life compulsive hoarding |journal=International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=142–149 |doi=10.1002/gps.2310 |pmc=4083761 |pmid=19548272}}</ref> Mutane masu fama da matsalar tattarawa galibi suna rayuwa da wasu matsaloli masu rikitarwa ko na tunani kamar baƙin ciki, <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Kancherla N, Garlapati SK, Sowkhya P, Yegateela T, McCrary A |date=June 2022 |title=A Case of Coexisting Depression and Hoarding Disorder |journal=Cureus |volume=14 |issue=6 |doi=10.7759/cureus.25645 |pmc=9249064 |pmid=35784984 |doi-access=free}}</ref> [[Anxiety|damuwa]], rashin lafiyar obsessive-compulsive (OCD), rashin lafiyar autism (ASD), ko [[Rashin hankali na rashin ƙarfi|rashin lafiyar hankali]] (ADHD). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-05-25 |title=Hoarding Definition – Diseases and Conditions |url=http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hoarding/DS00966/DSECTION=tests-and-diagnosis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024060145/http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hoarding/DS00966/DSECTION=tests%2Dand%2Ddiagnosis |archive-date=2013-10-24 |access-date=2014-05-01 |publisher=Mayo Clinic}}</ref> Wasu abubuwan da galibi ke da alaƙa da tattarawa sun haɗa da dogaro da barasa da halayen paranoid, schizotypal da gujewa. <ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Samuels JF, Bienvenu OJ, Grados MA, Cullen B, Riddle MA, Liang KY, Eaton WW, Nestadt G |date=July 2008 |title=Prevalence and correlates of hoarding behavior in a community-based sample |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=46 |issue=7 |pages=836–844 |doi=10.1016/j.brat.2008.04.004 |pmc=2483957 |pmid=18495084}}</ref> == Ganewar Ganewa == === Bambancin tarawa daga halaye masu kyau === Tarawa da tattarawa na iya kama da juna, amma akwai halaye daban-daban da suka bambanta halayen. Tarawa wani abin sha'awa ne wanda galibi ke haɗa da bincike da kuma siyan takamaiman abubuwa waɗanda ke samar da - aƙalla daga mahangar mai tara - ƙarin godiya, zurfafa fahimta, ko ƙara ƙimar haɗin gwiwa idan aka haɗa shi da wasu abubuwa makamantan haka. A akasin haka, tattarawa yawanci yana kama da ba bisa ƙa'ida ba kuma ya ƙunshi siyan abubuwa gama gari waɗanda ba za su yi ma'ana ga mutumin da ke tara irin waɗannan abubuwa da yawa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding Disorder |url=http://www.psychiatry.org/hoarding-disorder |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023094655/http://www.psychiatry.org/hoarding-disorder |archive-date=2014-10-23 |access-date=2014-10-30 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding: The Basics |url=http://www.adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/hoarding-basics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031095358/http://www.adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/hoarding-basics |archive-date=October 31, 2014 |access-date=October 30, 2014 |website=ADAA}}</ref> Mutanen da ke tara abubuwa gama gari suna ajiye abubuwa gama gari waɗanda ba su da ma'ana ko ƙima ga wasu, ba kamar wasu masu tara kaya ba, waɗanda kayansu na iya zama da matuƙar amfani don zaɓar mutane. Yawancin masu tara kaya ba su da tsari, kuma wuraren zamansu cike suke kuma suna cikin rudani. Yawancin masu tara kaya za su iya adana kayansu cikin tsari ko kuma su sami isasshen sarari don nuna tarin kayansu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding Disorder |url=http://www.psychiatry.org/hoarding-disorder |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221181237/http://www.psychiatry.org/hoarding-disorder |archive-date=21 December 2014 |access-date=11 December 2014 |website=psychiarty.org |publisher=American Psychiatric Association}}</ref> Shekaru, yanayin tunani, ko kuɗi sun sa wasu masu tara kaya suka faɗa cikin yanayin tarawa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-12-05 |title=Fabulous 60 car stash found in French barn |url=http://onlymotors.com/fabulous-60-car-stash-found-french-barn/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611005255/http://onlymotors.com/fabulous-60-car-stash-found-french-barn/ |archive-date=2015-06-11 |website=onlymotors.com}}</ref> === Rarraba asibiti da kayan aikin bincike === A cikin DSM-IV, an jera tarin kayan aiki na tilastawa a matsayin ma'aunin ganewar cutar rashin lafiyar halayen obsessive-compulsive (OCPD), yayin da wasu kayan aikin asibiti kamar Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale suka ɗauke shi a matsayin alamar rashin lafiyar obsessive-compulsive (OCD). Duk da haka, a cikin binciken da aka yi kwanan nan, an gano cewa tarin kayan aiki ba shi da takamaiman ga OCPD fiye da sauran cututtukan halayen da DSM-IV ta bayyana; ban da haka, a cikin dukkan sharuɗɗan bincike guda takwas na OCPD, tarin kayan aiki ya ba da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar hasashen kasancewar wannan cuta. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Grisham JR, Norberg MM |date=2010-06-30 |title=Compulsive hoarding: current controversies and new directions |journal=Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=233–240 |doi=10.31887/DCNS.2010.12.2/jgrisham |pmc=3181962 |pmid=20623927}}</ref> Tarin kayan aiki kuma ya bayyana ya bambanta da OCD: Duk da yake yana da matuƙar haɗari kuma ana iya raba abubuwan haɗarin iyali, ana iya bambance su ta hanyar sigogin asibiti, neurocognitive, da neurobiological. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Saxena |first=Sanjaya |date=July 2007 |title=Is Compulsive Hoarding a Genetically and Neurobiologically Discrete Syndrome? Implications for Diagnostic Classification |url=https://www.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/foc.5.3.foc334 |journal=Focus |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=334–337 |doi=10.1176/foc.5.3.foc334 |issn=1541-4094 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Saboda wannan shaidar, an kafa matsalar tarin kayan aiki a matsayin ganewar kansa a cikin sabon nau'in ''Cututtukan Obsessive-Compulsive da Related'' a cikin DSM-5 . Masu binciken da suka shiga cikin wannan rarrabuwa sun nuna cewa sanyawa akan bakan obsessive-compulsive na iya canzawa yayin da ake buƙatar ƙarin bincike kan asalin matsalar tarin kayan aiki. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mataix-Cols |first=David |last2=Frost |first2=Randy O. |last3=Pertusa |first3=Alberto |last4=Clark |first4=Lee Anna |last5=Saxena |first5=Sanjaya |last6=Leckman |first6=James F. |last7=Stein |first7=Dan J. |last8=Matsunaga |first8=Hisato |last9=Wilhelm |first9=Sabine |date=2010 |title=Hoarding disorder: a new diagnosis for DSM-V? |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/da.20693 |journal=Depression and Anxiety |language=en |volume=27 |issue=6 |pages=556–572 |doi=10.1002/da.20693 |issn=1520-6394}}</ref> DSM-5 ya bayyana sharuɗɗa shida na wajibi, A–F, don gano matsalar tara dukiya. Yana buƙatar wahala mai ɗorewa wajen barin kaya, koda kuwa ba su da ƙima ko kuma babu ainihin ƙima (A). Matsalar da aka ambata dole ne ta faru ne sakamakon buƙatar adana kayayyaki, da kuma damuwa game da tunanin zubar da su (B). Bayan lokaci, dukiya tana buƙatar tarawa har ta kai ga toshe ko iyakance amfani da wuraren zama na yau da kullun, sai dai idan wasu sun shiga don share su (C). Dole ne halayyar ta haifar da matsala mai yawa a rayuwar yau da kullun (D), kuma ba za a iya bayyana ta da kyau ta wata matsalar lafiya (E) ko matsalar kwakwalwa (F) ba. Baya ga sharuɗɗan A–F, ganewar DSM-5 yana ba da damar ƙayyade ko mutumin da abin ya shafa ya nuna halayen mallaka fiye da kima. Bayani na biyu ya shafi matakin fahimtar da mutum yake da shi game da matsalarsa, tun daga "kyakkyawan fahimta ko adalci" zuwa "rashin fahimta/imani na ruɗani". [[Fayil:Gregrage_canadiana_garage_2023.jpg|thumb|Masu ajiyar kaya na iya tara kayansu a gidajensu, farfajiyarsu, ko garejinsu. An mayar da wannan garejin zuwa wani ɗaki, kuma yana nuna tarin abubuwa, tare da adadi mai yawa na abubuwa masu girma dabam-dabam da aka bazu a cikin sararin samaniya ba zato ba tsammani. Daidai abin da ya ƙunshi ɗaki ko sarari a matsayin cike yake ya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum.]] Kimanta tsananin matsalar tarin abubuwa na iya zama ƙalubale domin rashin fahimta zai iya sa mutumin da abin ya shafa ya kasa bayar da rahoto game da yawan tarin abubuwa a wuraren zamansa. Akasin haka, wasu mutanen da ke cikin yanayin damuwa na iya ɗaukar ƙaramin zubar da abubuwa a matsayin wani abu mai matuƙar wahala, da kuma bayar da rahoto a matsayin masu tarawa duk da cewa ba su cika sharuɗɗan ganewar asali ba. Don ba da damar yin kimantawa mai ma'ana, Frost et al. sun haɓaka kuma sun tabbatar da Ƙimar Hoton Clutter a matsayin ma'auni na gani, wanda ke ba marasa lafiya damar zaɓar hotunan da suka yi kama da ɗakunansu sosai. Cibiyoyi kamar ƙungiyar agaji ta Hoarding UK sun yi amfani da wannan kayan aikin. [1] [2] == Manazarta == 4na6ijbox1f8r6cxykfz6boh4v9o7ts 862918 862916 2026-06-21T12:39:12Z Sardeeq 39275 862918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rashin adana kaya''' ( '''HD''' ) wata cuta ce ta kwakwalwa <ref name=":1" /> wadda ke da alaƙa da wahala mai ɗorewa wajen rabuwa da kadarori da kuma shiga cikin yawan mallakar kayayyaki da ba a buƙata ko kuma waɗanda babu sarari a kansu. Wannan yana haifar da cunkoson wurare na zama, damuwa, da kuma rauni a cikin mutane, iyali, zamantakewa, ilimi, sana'a, ko wasu muhimman fannoni na aiki. Samun kaya fiye da kima yana da alaƙa da sha'awa ko halaye masu maimaitawa da suka shafi tara ko siyan kadarori. Wahalar zubar da kaya tana da alaƙa da buƙatar adana kayayyaki da damuwa da ke tattare da zubar da su. Tarin dukiya yana haifar da cunkoson wurare har zuwa lokacin da amfaninsu ko amincinsu ya lalace. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Clinical Classification of Hoarding Disorder {{!}} OCD-UK |url=https://www.ocduk.org/related-disorders/hoarding-disorder/clinical-classification-of-hoarding-disorder/ |access-date=2021-10-01 |language=en-GB}}</ref> An gane shi ta hanyar bita na sha ɗaya na Tsarin Cututtuka na Duniya (ICD-11) <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fontenelle |first=Leonardo F. |last2=Grant |first2=Jon E. |date=2014 |title=Hoarding disorder: a new diagnostic category in ICD-11? |journal=Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil: 1999) |volume=36 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=28–39 |doi=10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1269 |issn=1809-452X |pmid=25388610 |doi-access=free}}</ref> da <nowiki><i id="mwSA">Littafin Bincike da Ƙididdiga na Cututtukan Hankali, Bugu na Biyar</i></nowiki> (DSM-5). An kiyasta yawan kamuwa da cutar a tsakanin kashi 2% zuwa 5% a cikin manya, <ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Pertusa A, Frost RO, Fullana MA, Samuels J, Steketee G, Tolin D, Saxena S, Leckman JF, Mataix-Cols D |date=June 2010 |title=Refining the diagnostic boundaries of compulsive hoarding: a critical review |journal=Clinical Psychology Review |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=371–386 |doi=10.1016/j.cpr.2010.01.007 |pmid=20189280}}</ref> kodayake wannan cuta yawanci tana bayyana a lokacin ƙuruciya tare da alamun da ke ƙara ta'azzara a lokacin tsufa, wanda a lokacin ne kayan da aka tattara suka yi yawa kuma 'yan uwa waɗanda za su taimaka wajen kiyayewa da kuma sarrafa matakan da ke cikin cunkoso suka mutu ko kuma suka ƙaura. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ayers CR, Saxena S, Golshan S, Wetherell JL |date=February 2010 |title=Age at onset and clinical features of late life compulsive hoarding |journal=International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=142–149 |doi=10.1002/gps.2310 |pmc=4083761 |pmid=19548272}}</ref> Mutane masu fama da matsalar tattarawa galibi suna rayuwa da wasu matsaloli masu rikitarwa ko na tunani kamar baƙin ciki, <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Kancherla N, Garlapati SK, Sowkhya P, Yegateela T, McCrary A |date=June 2022 |title=A Case of Coexisting Depression and Hoarding Disorder |journal=Cureus |volume=14 |issue=6 |doi=10.7759/cureus.25645 |pmc=9249064 |pmid=35784984 |doi-access=free}}</ref> [[Anxiety|damuwa]], rashin lafiyar obsessive-compulsive (OCD), rashin lafiyar autism (ASD), ko [[Rashin hankali na rashin ƙarfi|rashin lafiyar hankali]] (ADHD). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-05-25 |title=Hoarding Definition – Diseases and Conditions |url=http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hoarding/DS00966/DSECTION=tests-and-diagnosis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024060145/http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hoarding/DS00966/DSECTION=tests%2Dand%2Ddiagnosis |archive-date=2013-10-24 |access-date=2014-05-01 |publisher=Mayo Clinic}}</ref> Wasu abubuwan da galibi ke da alaƙa da tattarawa sun haɗa da dogaro da barasa da halayen paranoid, schizotypal da gujewa. <ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Samuels JF, Bienvenu OJ, Grados MA, Cullen B, Riddle MA, Liang KY, Eaton WW, Nestadt G |date=July 2008 |title=Prevalence and correlates of hoarding behavior in a community-based sample |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=46 |issue=7 |pages=836–844 |doi=10.1016/j.brat.2008.04.004 |pmc=2483957 |pmid=18495084}}</ref> == Ganewar Ganewa == === Bambancin tarawa daga halaye masu kyau === Tarawa da tattarawa na iya kama da juna, amma akwai halaye daban-daban da suka bambanta halayen. Tarawa wani abin sha'awa ne wanda galibi ke haɗa da bincike da kuma siyan takamaiman abubuwa waɗanda ke samar da - aƙalla daga mahangar mai tara - ƙarin godiya, zurfafa fahimta, ko ƙara ƙimar haɗin gwiwa idan aka haɗa shi da wasu abubuwa makamantan haka. A akasin haka, tattarawa yawanci yana kama da ba bisa ƙa'ida ba kuma ya ƙunshi siyan abubuwa gama gari waɗanda ba za su yi ma'ana ga mutumin da ke tara irin waɗannan abubuwa da yawa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding Disorder |url=http://www.psychiatry.org/hoarding-disorder |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023094655/http://www.psychiatry.org/hoarding-disorder |archive-date=2014-10-23 |access-date=2014-10-30 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding: The Basics |url=http://www.adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/hoarding-basics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031095358/http://www.adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/hoarding-basics |archive-date=October 31, 2014 |access-date=October 30, 2014 |website=ADAA}}</ref> Mutanen da ke tara abubuwa gama gari suna ajiye abubuwa gama gari waɗanda ba su da ma'ana ko ƙima ga wasu, ba kamar wasu masu tara kaya ba, waɗanda kayansu na iya zama da matuƙar amfani don zaɓar mutane. Yawancin masu tara kaya ba su da tsari, kuma wuraren zamansu cike suke kuma suna cikin rudani. Yawancin masu tara kaya za su iya adana kayansu cikin tsari ko kuma su sami isasshen sarari don nuna tarin kayansu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding Disorder |url=http://www.psychiatry.org/hoarding-disorder |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221181237/http://www.psychiatry.org/hoarding-disorder |archive-date=21 December 2014 |access-date=11 December 2014 |website=psychiarty.org |publisher=American Psychiatric Association}}</ref> Shekaru, yanayin tunani, ko kuɗi sun sa wasu masu tara kaya suka faɗa cikin yanayin tarawa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-12-05 |title=Fabulous 60 car stash found in French barn |url=http://onlymotors.com/fabulous-60-car-stash-found-french-barn/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611005255/http://onlymotors.com/fabulous-60-car-stash-found-french-barn/ |archive-date=2015-06-11 |website=onlymotors.com}}</ref> === Rarraba asibiti da kayan aikin bincike === A cikin DSM-IV, an jera tarin kayan aiki na tilastawa a matsayin ma'aunin ganewar cutar rashin lafiyar halayen obsessive-compulsive (OCPD), yayin da wasu kayan aikin asibiti kamar Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale suka ɗauke shi a matsayin alamar rashin lafiyar obsessive-compulsive (OCD). Duk da haka, a cikin binciken da aka yi kwanan nan, an gano cewa tarin kayan aiki ba shi da takamaiman ga OCPD fiye da sauran cututtukan halayen da DSM-IV ta bayyana; ban da haka, a cikin dukkan sharuɗɗan bincike guda takwas na OCPD, tarin kayan aiki ya ba da mafi ƙarancin ƙimar hasashen kasancewar wannan cuta. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Grisham JR, Norberg MM |date=2010-06-30 |title=Compulsive hoarding: current controversies and new directions |journal=Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=233–240 |doi=10.31887/DCNS.2010.12.2/jgrisham |pmc=3181962 |pmid=20623927}}</ref> Tarin kayan aiki kuma ya bayyana ya bambanta da OCD: Duk da yake yana da matuƙar haɗari kuma ana iya raba abubuwan haɗarin iyali, ana iya bambance su ta hanyar sigogin asibiti, neurocognitive, da neurobiological. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Saxena |first=Sanjaya |date=July 2007 |title=Is Compulsive Hoarding a Genetically and Neurobiologically Discrete Syndrome? Implications for Diagnostic Classification |url=https://www.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/foc.5.3.foc334 |journal=Focus |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=334–337 |doi=10.1176/foc.5.3.foc334 |issn=1541-4094 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Saboda wannan shaidar, an kafa matsalar tarin kayan aiki a matsayin ganewar kansa a cikin sabon nau'in ''Cututtukan Obsessive-Compulsive da Related'' a cikin DSM-5 . Masu binciken da suka shiga cikin wannan rarrabuwa sun nuna cewa sanyawa akan bakan obsessive-compulsive na iya canzawa yayin da ake buƙatar ƙarin bincike kan asalin matsalar tarin kayan aiki. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mataix-Cols |first=David |last2=Frost |first2=Randy O. |last3=Pertusa |first3=Alberto |last4=Clark |first4=Lee Anna |last5=Saxena |first5=Sanjaya |last6=Leckman |first6=James F. |last7=Stein |first7=Dan J. |last8=Matsunaga |first8=Hisato |last9=Wilhelm |first9=Sabine |date=2010 |title=Hoarding disorder: a new diagnosis for DSM-V? |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/da.20693 |journal=Depression and Anxiety |language=en |volume=27 |issue=6 |pages=556–572 |doi=10.1002/da.20693 |issn=1520-6394}}</ref> DSM-5 ya bayyana sharuɗɗa shida na wajibi, A–F, don gano matsalar tara dukiya. Yana buƙatar wahala mai ɗorewa wajen barin kaya, koda kuwa ba su da ƙima ko kuma babu ainihin ƙima (A). Matsalar da aka ambata dole ne ta faru ne sakamakon buƙatar adana kayayyaki, da kuma damuwa game da tunanin zubar da su (B). Bayan lokaci, dukiya tana buƙatar tarawa har ta kai ga toshe ko iyakance amfani da wuraren zama na yau da kullun, sai dai idan wasu sun shiga don share su (C). Dole ne halayyar ta haifar da matsala mai yawa a rayuwar yau da kullun (D), kuma ba za a iya bayyana ta da kyau ta wata matsalar lafiya (E) ko matsalar kwakwalwa (F) ba. Baya ga sharuɗɗan A–F, ganewar DSM-5 yana ba da damar ƙayyade ko mutumin da abin ya shafa ya nuna halayen mallaka fiye da kima. Bayani na biyu ya shafi matakin fahimtar da mutum yake da shi game da matsalarsa, tun daga "kyakkyawan fahimta ko adalci" zuwa "rashin fahimta/imani na ruɗani". [[Fayil:Gregrage_canadiana_garage_2023.jpg|thumb|Masu ajiyar kaya na iya tara kayansu a gidajensu, farfajiyarsu, ko garejinsu. An mayar da wannan garejin zuwa wani ɗaki, kuma yana nuna tarin abubuwa, tare da adadi mai yawa na abubuwa masu girma dabam-dabam da aka bazu a cikin sararin samaniya ba zato ba tsammani. Daidai abin da ya ƙunshi ɗaki ko sarari a matsayin cike yake ya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum.]] Kimanta tsananin matsalar tarin abubuwa na iya zama ƙalubale domin rashin fahimta zai iya sa mutumin da abin ya shafa ya kasa bayar da rahoto game da yawan tarin abubuwa a wuraren zamansa. Akasin haka, wasu mutanen da ke cikin yanayin damuwa na iya ɗaukar ƙaramin zubar da abubuwa a matsayin wani abu mai matuƙar wahala, da kuma bayar da rahoto a matsayin masu tarawa duk da cewa ba su cika sharuɗɗan ganewar asali ba. Don ba da damar yin kimantawa mai ma'ana, Frost et al. sun haɓaka kuma sun tabbatar da Ƙimar Hoton Clutter a matsayin ma'auni na gani, wanda ke ba marasa lafiya damar zaɓar hotunan da suka yi kama da ɗakunansu sosai. Cibiyoyi kamar ƙungiyar agaji ta Hoarding UK sun yi amfani da wannan kayan aikin. [1] [2] == Manazarta == bjqyrkc8ybcvyuvciwmsflggjp5gmzy 0 159100 862921 2026-06-21T12:40:46Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360303766|Diogenes syndrome]]" 862921 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ciwon Diogenes''', wanda aka fi sani da '''ciwon tsufa''', cuta ce da ke tattare da [[Rashin kula da kai|sakaci da kai]], rashin kwanciyar hankali a cikin gida, rashin son kai, rashin kulawa da kuma tara shara ko dabbobi da dole. Mutanen da abin ya shafa kuma suna iya nuna alamun cutar catatonia . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cybulska |first=E |last2=Rucinski |first2=J |year=1986 |title=Gross Self-neglect in Old Age |journal=Br J Hosp Med |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=21–23 |pmid=3535960}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rosenthal |first=M |last2=Stelian |first2=J |last3=Wagner |first3=J |last4=Berkman |first4=P |year=1999 |title=Diogenes syndrome and hoarding in the elderly: case reports |journal=The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=29–34 |pmid=10389361}}</ref> An fara gane wannan yanayin a shekarar 1966 <ref name="Macmillan">{{Cite journal |last=Macmillan |first=D |last2=Shaw |first2=P. |year=1966 |title=Senile breakdown in standards of personal and environmental cleanliness |journal=BMJ |volume=2 |issue=5521 |pages=1032–7 |doi=10.1136/bmj.2.5521.1032 |pmc=1944569 |pmid=5919035}}</ref> kuma Likita ANG Clark da abokan aikinsa sun sanya masa suna Diogenes syndrome <ref name="Clark">{{Cite journal |last=Clark |first=AN |last2=Mankikar |first2=GD |last3=Gray |first3=I |year=1975 |title=Diogenes syndrome A clinical study of gross neglect in old age |journal=Lancet |volume=1 |issue=7903 |pages=366–368 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91280-5 |pmid=46514 |s2cid=44838574}}</ref> Sunan ya samo asali ne daga [[Diogenes|Diogenes na Sinope]], wani tsohon masanin falsafa na Girka, mai tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma mai son kai, wanda ake zargin yana zaune a cikin babban tulu a Athens. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2026 |title=The Greek Philosopher Who Lived in a Jar |url=https://www.missedhistory.com/article/diogenes-the-barrel-philosopher |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=missedhistory.com}}</ref> Ba wai kawai bai tara ba, har ma ya nemi rakiyar ɗan adam ta hanyar yin tafiya kowace rana zuwa Agora . Saboda haka, ana ɗaukar wannan sunan a matsayin ba daidai ba . <ref name="Cybulska">{{Cite journal |last=Cybulska |first=E |year=1998 |title=Senile Squalor: Plyushkin's not Diogenes Syndrome |journal=Psychiatric Bulletin |volume=22 |issue=5 |pages=319–320 |doi=10.1192/pb.22.5.319 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marcos |first=M |last2=Gomez-Pellin |first2=MC. |year=2008 |title=A tale of a misnamed eponym: Diogenes syndrome |journal=Int J Geriatr Psychiatry |volume=23 |issue=9 |pages=990–1 |doi=10.1002/gps.2005 |pmid=18752218 |s2cid=45209151}}</ref> Sauran kalmomin da za a iya amfani da su sune ''lalacewar tsufa'', ''cutar Plyushkin'' (bayan halin Gogol ), <ref name="Cybulska" /> ''lalacewar zamantakewa'', da kuma ''ciwon tsufa'' . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cooney |first=C |last2=Hamid |first2=W |year=1995 |title=Review: diogenes syndrome |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2459/is_n5_v24/ai_17438718 |journal=Age and Ageing |volume=24 |issue=5 |pages=451–3 |doi=10.1093/ageing/24.5.451 |pmid=8669353 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Rashin lafiyar gaba na iya taka rawa a cikin dalilin. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Orrell |first=M |last2=Sahakian |first2=B. |year=1991 |title=Dementia of frontal type |journal=Psychol Med |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=553–6 |doi=10.1017/S0033291700022170 |pmid=1946843 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Gabatarwa == [[Fayil:Syndrome_de_Diogène_dans_la_cour_d'une_maison.jpg|thumb|Bayyanar cutar Diogenes a bayan gida]] Ciwon Diogenes cuta ce da ta ƙunshi tara shara da kuma sakaci sosai. Bugu da ƙari, wannan cuta tana da alaƙa da rashin kwanciyar hankali a cikin gida, rashin kwanciyar hankali, rabuwar zamantakewa, da kuma ƙin taimako. An nuna cewa tana faruwa ne a matsayin martani ga [[Matsalar tunani|damuwa]], sau da yawa a ƙarshen rayuwa. <ref name="Reyes-Ortiz">{{Cite journal |last=Reyes-Ortiz |first=C |year=2001 |title=Diogenes syndrome: The self-neglect elderly |journal=Comprehensive Therapy |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=117–121 |doi=10.1007/s12019-996-0005-6 |pmid=11430258 |s2cid=41954393}}</ref> A mafi yawan lokuta, an lura da marasa lafiya suna da rashin daidaituwar mallaka da kuma yanayin rikitarwa ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba. Waɗannan alamun suna nuna lalacewa ga sassan gaba na kwakwalwa, saboda alaƙarta da yanke shawara . Sabanin haka, akwai kuma lokuta inda aka shirya abubuwan da aka tara ta hanyar da ta dace, wanda zai iya nuna wani dalili banda lalacewar kwakwalwa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2026)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Rashin gano cutar autism shi ma yana iya zama wani abu da ke haifar da hakan. Duk da cewa an lura da yawancin marasa lafiya sun fito daga gidaje masu fama da rashin lafiya, kuma da yawa sun daɗe suna fuskantar [[talauci]], waɗannan kamanceceniya ba a ɗaukar su a matsayin sanadin wannan ciwo ba. Bincike ya nuna cewa wasu daga cikin waɗanda suka kamu da wannan cuta suna da asali mai kyau na iyali da kuma rayuwa mai kyau ta ƙwararru. Rabin marasa lafiyar suna da ƙwarewa mai zurfi. <ref name="Clark study">{{Cite journal |last=Clark |first=ANG |last2=Mannikar |date=February 15, 1975 |title=Diogenes syndrome. A clinical study of gross neglect in old age. |journal=The Lancet |volume=1 |issue=7903 |pages=366–8 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91280-5 |pmid=46514 |s2cid=44838574}}</ref> Tsananin sakaci da suke jawo wa kansu yawanci yakan haifar da rugujewar jiki ko kuma lalacewar kwakwalwa. Yawancin mutanen da ke fama da wannan matsala ba a gane su ba har sai sun fuskanci wannan matakin rugujewa, saboda son ƙin taimako daga wasu. <ref name="Clark">{{Cite journal |last=Clark |first=AN |last2=Mankikar |first2=GD |last3=Gray |first3=I |year=1975 |title=Diogenes syndrome A clinical study of gross neglect in old age |journal=Lancet |volume=1 |issue=7903 |pages=366–368 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91280-5 |pmid=46514 |s2cid=44838574}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFClarkMankikarGray1975">Clark, AN; Mankikar, GD; Gray, I (1975). "Diogenes syndrome A clinical study of gross neglect in old age". ''Lancet''. '''1''' (7903): <span class="nowrap">366–</span>368. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91280-5|10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91280-5]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/46514 46514]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:44838574 44838574].</cite></ref> Ko kuma har sai wani rikici ya faru, misali gobara a gida <ref>{{Cite web |title=Flat fire - Chelsea |url=https://www.london-fire.gov.uk/incidents/2025/october/flat-fire-chelsea/ |access-date=2026-02-01 |website=www.london-fire.gov.uk |language=en-GB}}</ref> . Halayen halayen da ake iya gani akai-akai a cikin marasa lafiya da aka gano suna da cutar Diogenes sune tashin hankali, taurin kai, zargin wasu, canjin yanayi mara tabbas, rashin kwanciyar hankali na motsin rai da kuma fahimtar gaskiya. <ref name="Reyes-Ortiz">{{Cite journal |last=Reyes-Ortiz |first=C |year=2001 |title=Diogenes syndrome: The self-neglect elderly |journal=Comprehensive Therapy |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=117–121 |doi=10.1007/s12019-996-0005-6 |pmid=11430258 |s2cid=41954393}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFReyes-Ortiz2001">Reyes-Ortiz, C (2001). "Diogenes syndrome: The self-neglect elderly". ''Comprehensive Therapy''. '''27''' (2): <span class="nowrap">117–</span>121. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s12019-996-0005-6|10.1007/s12019-996-0005-6]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11430258 11430258]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41954393 41954393].</cite></ref> Ciwon zuciya na biyu yana da alaƙa da cututtukan kwakwalwa. <ref name="Reyes-Ortiz" /> Alaƙar kai tsaye tsakanin halayen marasa lafiya da wannan cuta ba ta bayyana ba, kodayake kamanceceniya a cikin halin yana nuna yiwuwar hanyoyin bincike. <ref name="Reyes-Ortiz" /> == Ganewar Ganewa == Mutane da ke fama da cutar Diogenes galibi suna nuna alamun tarin abubuwa, tarin abubuwa, ko kuma matsalar tilastawa. Mutanen da suka sami rauni a kwakwalwa, musamman gaban goshi, na iya fuskantar haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. Gaban goshi suna da sha'awa musamman, saboda an san suna da hannu a cikin manyan hanyoyin fahimta, kamar tunani, yanke shawara da sa ido kan rikici. Ciwon Diogenes yakan faru ne a tsakanin tsofaffi. Mutanen da ke fama da wannan cuta galibi suna da manyan matsalolin aiki da ke da alaƙa da rashin lafiya da mace-mace. [1] == Manazarta == poq2f9c1xcgyvq03fv5u6ndsb6b95hz 862922 862921 2026-06-21T12:41:02Z Sardeeq 39275 862922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ciwon Diogenes''', wanda aka fi sani da '''ciwon tsufa''', cuta ce da ke tattare da [[Rashin kula da kai|sakaci da kai]], rashin kwanciyar hankali a cikin gida, rashin son kai, rashin kulawa da kuma tara shara ko dabbobi da dole. Mutanen da abin ya shafa kuma suna iya nuna alamun cutar catatonia . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cybulska |first=E |last2=Rucinski |first2=J |year=1986 |title=Gross Self-neglect in Old Age |journal=Br J Hosp Med |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=21–23 |pmid=3535960}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rosenthal |first=M |last2=Stelian |first2=J |last3=Wagner |first3=J |last4=Berkman |first4=P |year=1999 |title=Diogenes syndrome and hoarding in the elderly: case reports |journal=The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=29–34 |pmid=10389361}}</ref> An fara gane wannan yanayin a shekarar 1966 <ref name="Macmillan">{{Cite journal |last=Macmillan |first=D |last2=Shaw |first2=P. |year=1966 |title=Senile breakdown in standards of personal and environmental cleanliness |journal=BMJ |volume=2 |issue=5521 |pages=1032–7 |doi=10.1136/bmj.2.5521.1032 |pmc=1944569 |pmid=5919035}}</ref> kuma Likita ANG Clark da abokan aikinsa sun sanya masa suna Diogenes syndrome <ref name="Clark">{{Cite journal |last=Clark |first=AN |last2=Mankikar |first2=GD |last3=Gray |first3=I |year=1975 |title=Diogenes syndrome A clinical study of gross neglect in old age |journal=Lancet |volume=1 |issue=7903 |pages=366–368 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91280-5 |pmid=46514 |s2cid=44838574}}</ref> Sunan ya samo asali ne daga [[Diogenes|Diogenes na Sinope]], wani tsohon masanin falsafa na Girka, mai tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma mai son kai, wanda ake zargin yana zaune a cikin babban tulu a Athens. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2026 |title=The Greek Philosopher Who Lived in a Jar |url=https://www.missedhistory.com/article/diogenes-the-barrel-philosopher |access-date=June 10, 2026 |website=missedhistory.com}}</ref> Ba wai kawai bai tara ba, har ma ya nemi rakiyar ɗan adam ta hanyar yin tafiya kowace rana zuwa Agora . Saboda haka, ana ɗaukar wannan sunan a matsayin ba daidai ba . <ref name="Cybulska">{{Cite journal |last=Cybulska |first=E |year=1998 |title=Senile Squalor: Plyushkin's not Diogenes Syndrome |journal=Psychiatric Bulletin |volume=22 |issue=5 |pages=319–320 |doi=10.1192/pb.22.5.319 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marcos |first=M |last2=Gomez-Pellin |first2=MC. |year=2008 |title=A tale of a misnamed eponym: Diogenes syndrome |journal=Int J Geriatr Psychiatry |volume=23 |issue=9 |pages=990–1 |doi=10.1002/gps.2005 |pmid=18752218 |s2cid=45209151}}</ref> Sauran kalmomin da za a iya amfani da su sune ''lalacewar tsufa'', ''cutar Plyushkin'' (bayan halin Gogol ), <ref name="Cybulska" /> ''lalacewar zamantakewa'', da kuma ''ciwon tsufa'' . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cooney |first=C |last2=Hamid |first2=W |year=1995 |title=Review: diogenes syndrome |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2459/is_n5_v24/ai_17438718 |journal=Age and Ageing |volume=24 |issue=5 |pages=451–3 |doi=10.1093/ageing/24.5.451 |pmid=8669353 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Rashin lafiyar gaba na iya taka rawa a cikin dalilin. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Orrell |first=M |last2=Sahakian |first2=B. |year=1991 |title=Dementia of frontal type |journal=Psychol Med |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=553–6 |doi=10.1017/S0033291700022170 |pmid=1946843 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Gabatarwa == [[Fayil:Syndrome_de_Diogène_dans_la_cour_d'une_maison.jpg|thumb|Bayyanar cutar Diogenes a bayan gida]] Ciwon Diogenes cuta ce da ta ƙunshi tara shara da kuma sakaci sosai. Bugu da ƙari, wannan cuta tana da alaƙa da rashin kwanciyar hankali a cikin gida, rashin kwanciyar hankali, rabuwar zamantakewa, da kuma ƙin taimako. An nuna cewa tana faruwa ne a matsayin martani ga [[Matsalar tunani|damuwa]], sau da yawa a ƙarshen rayuwa. <ref name="Reyes-Ortiz">{{Cite journal |last=Reyes-Ortiz |first=C |year=2001 |title=Diogenes syndrome: The self-neglect elderly |journal=Comprehensive Therapy |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=117–121 |doi=10.1007/s12019-996-0005-6 |pmid=11430258 |s2cid=41954393}}</ref> A mafi yawan lokuta, an lura da marasa lafiya suna da rashin daidaituwar mallaka da kuma yanayin rikitarwa ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba. Waɗannan alamun suna nuna lalacewa ga sassan gaba na kwakwalwa, saboda alaƙarta da yanke shawara . Sabanin haka, akwai kuma lokuta inda aka shirya abubuwan da aka tara ta hanyar da ta dace, wanda zai iya nuna wani dalili banda lalacewar kwakwalwa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2026)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Rashin gano cutar autism shi ma yana iya zama wani abu da ke haifar da hakan. Duk da cewa an lura da yawancin marasa lafiya sun fito daga gidaje masu fama da rashin lafiya, kuma da yawa sun daɗe suna fuskantar [[talauci]], waɗannan kamanceceniya ba a ɗaukar su a matsayin sanadin wannan ciwo ba. Bincike ya nuna cewa wasu daga cikin waɗanda suka kamu da wannan cuta suna da asali mai kyau na iyali da kuma rayuwa mai kyau ta ƙwararru. Rabin marasa lafiyar suna da ƙwarewa mai zurfi. <ref name="Clark study">{{Cite journal |last=Clark |first=ANG |last2=Mannikar |date=February 15, 1975 |title=Diogenes syndrome. A clinical study of gross neglect in old age. |journal=The Lancet |volume=1 |issue=7903 |pages=366–8 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91280-5 |pmid=46514 |s2cid=44838574}}</ref> Tsananin sakaci da suke jawo wa kansu yawanci yakan haifar da rugujewar jiki ko kuma lalacewar kwakwalwa. Yawancin mutanen da ke fama da wannan matsala ba a gane su ba har sai sun fuskanci wannan matakin rugujewa, saboda son ƙin taimako daga wasu. <ref name="Clark">{{Cite journal |last=Clark |first=AN |last2=Mankikar |first2=GD |last3=Gray |first3=I |year=1975 |title=Diogenes syndrome A clinical study of gross neglect in old age |journal=Lancet |volume=1 |issue=7903 |pages=366–368 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91280-5 |pmid=46514 |s2cid=44838574}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFClarkMankikarGray1975">Clark, AN; Mankikar, GD; Gray, I (1975). "Diogenes syndrome A clinical study of gross neglect in old age". ''Lancet''. '''1''' (7903): <span class="nowrap">366–</span>368. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91280-5|10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91280-5]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/46514 46514]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:44838574 44838574].</cite></ref> Ko kuma har sai wani rikici ya faru, misali gobara a gida <ref>{{Cite web |title=Flat fire - Chelsea |url=https://www.london-fire.gov.uk/incidents/2025/october/flat-fire-chelsea/ |access-date=2026-02-01 |website=www.london-fire.gov.uk |language=en-GB}}</ref> . Halayen halayen da ake iya gani akai-akai a cikin marasa lafiya da aka gano suna da cutar Diogenes sune tashin hankali, taurin kai, zargin wasu, canjin yanayi mara tabbas, rashin kwanciyar hankali na motsin rai da kuma fahimtar gaskiya. <ref name="Reyes-Ortiz">{{Cite journal |last=Reyes-Ortiz |first=C |year=2001 |title=Diogenes syndrome: The self-neglect elderly |journal=Comprehensive Therapy |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=117–121 |doi=10.1007/s12019-996-0005-6 |pmid=11430258 |s2cid=41954393}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFReyes-Ortiz2001">Reyes-Ortiz, C (2001). "Diogenes syndrome: The self-neglect elderly". ''Comprehensive Therapy''. '''27''' (2): <span class="nowrap">117–</span>121. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s12019-996-0005-6|10.1007/s12019-996-0005-6]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11430258 11430258]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41954393 41954393].</cite></ref> Ciwon zuciya na biyu yana da alaƙa da cututtukan kwakwalwa. <ref name="Reyes-Ortiz" /> Alaƙar kai tsaye tsakanin halayen marasa lafiya da wannan cuta ba ta bayyana ba, kodayake kamanceceniya a cikin halin yana nuna yiwuwar hanyoyin bincike. <ref name="Reyes-Ortiz" /> == Ganewar Ganewa == Mutane da ke fama da cutar Diogenes galibi suna nuna alamun tarin abubuwa, tarin abubuwa, ko kuma matsalar tilastawa. Mutanen da suka sami rauni a kwakwalwa, musamman gaban goshi, na iya fuskantar haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. Gaban goshi suna da sha'awa musamman, saboda an san suna da hannu a cikin manyan hanyoyin fahimta, kamar tunani, yanke shawara da sa ido kan rikici. Ciwon Diogenes yakan faru ne a tsakanin tsofaffi. Mutanen da ke fama da wannan cuta galibi suna da manyan matsalolin aiki da ke da alaƙa da rashin lafiya da mace-mace. [1] == Manazarta == o1wymp8glp77k0myftsw4y9ez6sm2a9 0 159101 862929 2026-06-21T12:42:43Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354568142|Digital hoarding]]" 862929 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Exampleofdigitalhoarding_cluttereddesktop001.jpg|alt=|thumb|Kwamfuta mai cike da cunkoso, misali gama gari na adana bayanai na dijital]] Masu bincike sun bayyana '''tarin bayanai na dijital''' (wanda kuma aka sani da '''e-hoarding''', '''e-clutter, tattara bayanai,''' '''dijital pack-rattery''' ko '''cyber hoarding''' ) a matsayin wani nau'in cuta mai tasowa ta hanyar tattara bayanai wanda ke haifar da mutane da yawa suna tattara bayanai na dijital wanda ke haifar da damuwa da rashin tsari. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Van Bennekom |first=Martine J. |last2=Blom |first2=Rianne M. |last3=Vulink |first3=Nienke |last4=Denys |first4=Damiaan |year=2015 |title=A case of digital hoarding |journal=BMJ Case Reports |volume=2015 |pages=bcr2015210814 |doi=10.1136/bcr-2015-210814 |pmc=4600778 |pmid=26452411}}</ref> Tarin bayanai na dijital yana faruwa ne a cikin yanayin lantarki inda ake adana bayanai ta hanyar dijital. Kalmar ta fara shahara tsakanin dandali na kan layi da kuma a cikin kafofin watsa labarai kafin ta sami kulawar ilimi. <ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last=Sweeten |first=George |last2=Sillence |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Neave |first3=Nick |year=2018 |title=Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences |url=http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33816/1/Sweeten%20et%20al%20-%20Digital%20hoarding%20behaviours.docx |journal=Computers in Human Behavior |volume=85 |pages=54–60 |doi=10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031 |s2cid=49487239}}</ref> Bincike ya nuna cewa akwai alaƙa tsakanin mutanen da ke nuna halayen tattara bayanai na zahiri da na dijital <ref name=":3" /> kuma ya yarda cewa akwai ƙarancin adabin tunani game da batun. <ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Thorpe |first=Susan |last2=Bolster |first2=Alexander |last3=Neave |first3=Nick |year=2019 |title=Exploring aspects of the cognitive behavioural model of physical hoarding in relation to digital hoarding behaviours |journal=Digital Health |volume=5 |doi=10.1177/2055207619882172 |pmc=6785915 |pmid=31636918}}</ref> Nazarce-nazarce da dama sun nuna cewa manyan abubuwan da ke tasiri ga tattara bayanai na dijital suna da alaƙa da wasu batutuwa da dalilai na mutum, waɗanda suka haɗa da rage kuɗaɗen adana bayanai, mutanen da ba su da lokacin tattara bayanai da aka tara, tsawon lokacin da bayanai ke ɗauka da kuma alaƙar motsin rai da kadarori na dijital. Nazarin da aka gudanar don bincika tattara bayanai na dijital ba su da iyaka saboda wannan fanni ne da ke tasowa. Akwai rashin jituwa tsakanin masu bincike game da ko tattara bayanai na dijital yanayi ne da za a magance shi maimakon ayyukan ɗan adam na yau da kullun. <ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last=Dillon |first=Andrew |year=2019 |title=Collecting as Routine Human Behavior: Personal Identity and Control in the Material and Digital World |journal=Information & Culture |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=255–280 |doi=10.7560/ic54301 |s2cid=210381785}}</ref> Ana kuma amfani da kalmar '''tattara bayanai''' don bayyana adana bayanai (wanda ba shi da alaƙa da cututtuka) da yawa waɗanda ƙila za a rasa, kamar tsoffin wasannin bidiyo da gidajen yanar gizo . Saboda yawan cire albarkatun kan layi na gwamnatin Amurka a shekarar 2025, tattara bayanai a matsayin rigakafin asara ya sami kulawa sosai. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Morales |first=Jowi |date=2025-02-13 |title=Data hoarders race to preserve data from rapidly disappearing U.S. federal websites |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/big-tech/data-hoarders-race-to-preserve-data-from-rapidly-disappearing-u-s-federal-websites |website=Tom's Hardware}}</ref> Tara bayanai ya bambanta da ayyukan tattara bayanai na dijital na kasuwanci da na gwamnati kamar tattara bayanai da haƙo bayanai, waɗanda aka tara don dalilan horar da AI, tallan da aka yi niyya da kuma sa ido kan jama'a . Ana iya lura da ɗabi'ar adana bayanai a wurare daban-daban na dijital kamar kafofin sada zumunta na Reddit's datahoarder (/r/DataHoarder). A cikin 2018, al'umma ta tattara kusan Terabytes 25 na hotunan batsa daga shafin yanar gizo na microblogging Tumblr bayan an sanar da cewa shafin zai sanya haramcin amfani da kayan NSFW. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Bryan |date=2018-12-06 |title=Reddit’s data hoarders are frantically trying to save Tumblr’s NSFW content |url=https://thenextweb.com/news/reddits-data-hoarders-are-frantically-trying-to-save-tumblrs-nsfw-content |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=TNW {{!}} Insider |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Oktoba 2025, wani memba na al'ummar Reddit datahoarder ya ƙirƙiri wani tsari na adana bayanai na [[fayilolin Epstein]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Koebler · |first=Jason |date=2025-10-09 |title=Data Hoarder Uses AI to Create Searchable Database of Epstein Files |url=https://www.404media.co/data-hoarder-uses-ai-to-create-searchable-database-of-epstein-files/ |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=404 Media |language=en}}</ref> == Tasirin halayya == Karancin binciken da aka buga waɗanda suka mayar da hankali kan nazarin ɗabi'ar tattara bayanai ta dijital sun gano waɗannan abubuwan masu tasiri a matsayin suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci ga shawarar mutum na tara bayanai ta dijital: * Wasu mutane suna fuskantar damuwa idan suka fuskanci zubar da kayan dijital, musamman idan suna jin tsoron rasa wani abu mai muhimmanci. <ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last=Sweeten |first=George |last2=Sillence |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Neave |first3=Nick |year=2018 |title=Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences |url=http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33816/1/Sweeten%20et%20al%20-%20Digital%20hoarding%20behaviours.docx |journal=Computers in Human Behavior |volume=85 |pages=54–60 |doi=10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031 |s2cid=49487239}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSweetenSillenceNeave2018">Sweeten, George; Sillence, Elizabeth; Neave, Nick (2018). [https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33816/1/Sweeten%20et%20al%20-%20Digital%20hoarding%20behaviours.docx "Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences"]. ''Computers in Human Behavior''. '''85''': <span class="nowrap">54–</span>60. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031|10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031]]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:49487239 49487239].</cite></ref> * Yawancin masu tattara bayanai na dijital ba su san yadda ake tsara abubuwan da suke da su na dijital ba ko kuma ba sa yin hakan, kuma ba su da wata hanyar tantance wane abu ne ya cancanci a adana. * Dalilan ƙirƙira na halitta kamar sha'awar raba ra'ayoyi. * Fahimta game da buƙata ko amfanin kadarorin dijital a nan gaba ** Za a buƙaci fahimtar kadarorin dijital a nan gaba <ref name=":02" /> ** Rashin tabbas game da bayanan da za a buƙaci nan gaba <ref name=":1" /> * Rashin kwarin gwiwa wajen sarrafa kadarorin dijital <ref name=":02" /> * Takaitawar lokaci ** Ajiye dukkan fayilolin dijital na mutum yana buƙatar ƙarancin lokaci da ƙoƙari fiye da kimantawa da goge su. <ref name="cyborg">{{Cite web |last=Case |first=A. |date=2011-12-18 |title=Digital Hoarding |url=http://cyborganthropology.com/Digital_Hoarding |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124091554/http://cyborganthropology.com/Digital_Hoarding |archive-date=2020-11-24 |website=Cyborg Anthropology}}</ref> Masu bincike sun ambaci ci gaban fasaha kamar haka a matsayin wanda ke taka rawa wajen ƙara yawan tarin kayan dijital: * Kasancewar kayan aiki da software don ƙirƙirar abun ciki na dijital * Ci gaban ƙarfin ajiya na dijital == Sakamakon bincike == Ƙara yawan kayan dijital yana daidai da ƙaruwar damar da mutane ke da ita na tara kayan dijital. Van Bennekom da abokan aikinsa sun gabatar da "tarin dijital" a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya a cikin 2015 bayan sun karanta bayanin da marasa lafiya da ƙwararru suka buga a Intanet. Sun ayyana shi a matsayin "tarin fayilolin dijital har zuwa lokacin da aka rasa hangen nesa, wanda daga ƙarshe ke haifar da damuwa da rashin tsari." [1] Tun bayan buga wannan binciken, an yi ƙoƙari da yawa don nazarin tarin dijital. A cikin kowanne daga cikin waɗannan wallafe-wallafen akwai gibin ilimi bayyanannu da aka gano yana nuna buƙatar ƙarin bincike don fahimtar tarin dijital sosai. [2] [3] Sweeten da abokan aikinsa sun gudanar da ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan bincike na farko a cikin 2018 wanda ya mayar da hankali kan tattara bayanai na dijital, bincika halaye da matsalolin da ke tattare da tattara bayanai na dijital. <ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last=Sweeten |first=George |last2=Sillence |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Neave |first3=Nick |year=2018 |title=Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences |url=http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33816/1/Sweeten%20et%20al%20-%20Digital%20hoarding%20behaviours.docx |journal=Computers in Human Behavior |volume=85 |pages=54–60 |doi=10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031 |s2cid=49487239}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSweetenSillenceNeave2018">Sweeten, George; Sillence, Elizabeth; Neave, Nick (2018). [https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33816/1/Sweeten%20et%20al%20-%20Digital%20hoarding%20behaviours.docx "Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences"]. ''Computers in Human Behavior''. '''85''': <span class="nowrap">54–</span>60. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031|10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031]]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:49487239 49487239].</cite></ref> Sun gano shinge guda biyar don share bayanan dijital ciki har da: ajiye bayanai don nan gaba/idan akwai matsala, ajiye bayanai a matsayin shaida, kasala/cin lokaci, alaƙar motsin rai ga bayanai, ba uwar garkena ba - ba matsalata ba. Sun kuma gano matsaloli huɗu da ke da alaƙa da tara bayanai masu yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da: tasirin aiki, tasirin lafiyar kwakwalwa, batutuwan tsaro na yanar gizo, alaƙa da tattara bayanai na zahiri. Mahalarta wannan binciken galibi suna mamakin yawan bayanan da suka tara amma har yanzu suna fuskantar matsaloli yayin tattaunawa kan watsi da wannan bayanin. Wannan binciken na tattara bayanai na dijital ya takaita ne ta hanyar ƙaramin samfurin mahalarta da kuma rashin daidaitaccen ma'auni da aka amince da shi don auna ɗabi'ar tattara bayanai na dijital. <ref name=":02" /> == Manazarta == q7ju52m8wzyhjx1w6gikm6dn32fm4l3 862930 862929 2026-06-21T12:42:58Z Sardeeq 39275 862930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Exampleofdigitalhoarding_cluttereddesktop001.jpg|alt=|thumb|Kwamfuta mai cike da cunkoso, misali gama gari na adana bayanai na dijital]] Masu bincike sun bayyana '''tarin bayanai na dijital''' (wanda kuma aka sani da '''e-hoarding''', '''e-clutter, tattara bayanai,''' '''dijital pack-rattery''' ko '''cyber hoarding''' ) a matsayin wani nau'in cuta mai tasowa ta hanyar tattara bayanai wanda ke haifar da mutane da yawa suna tattara bayanai na dijital wanda ke haifar da damuwa da rashin tsari. <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Van Bennekom |first=Martine J. |last2=Blom |first2=Rianne M. |last3=Vulink |first3=Nienke |last4=Denys |first4=Damiaan |year=2015 |title=A case of digital hoarding |journal=BMJ Case Reports |volume=2015 |pages=bcr2015210814 |doi=10.1136/bcr-2015-210814 |pmc=4600778 |pmid=26452411}}</ref> Tarin bayanai na dijital yana faruwa ne a cikin yanayin lantarki inda ake adana bayanai ta hanyar dijital. Kalmar ta fara shahara tsakanin dandali na kan layi da kuma a cikin kafofin watsa labarai kafin ta sami kulawar ilimi. <ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last=Sweeten |first=George |last2=Sillence |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Neave |first3=Nick |year=2018 |title=Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences |url=http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33816/1/Sweeten%20et%20al%20-%20Digital%20hoarding%20behaviours.docx |journal=Computers in Human Behavior |volume=85 |pages=54–60 |doi=10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031 |s2cid=49487239}}</ref> Bincike ya nuna cewa akwai alaƙa tsakanin mutanen da ke nuna halayen tattara bayanai na zahiri da na dijital <ref name=":3" /> kuma ya yarda cewa akwai ƙarancin adabin tunani game da batun. <ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Thorpe |first=Susan |last2=Bolster |first2=Alexander |last3=Neave |first3=Nick |year=2019 |title=Exploring aspects of the cognitive behavioural model of physical hoarding in relation to digital hoarding behaviours |journal=Digital Health |volume=5 |doi=10.1177/2055207619882172 |pmc=6785915 |pmid=31636918}}</ref> Nazarce-nazarce da dama sun nuna cewa manyan abubuwan da ke tasiri ga tattara bayanai na dijital suna da alaƙa da wasu batutuwa da dalilai na mutum, waɗanda suka haɗa da rage kuɗaɗen adana bayanai, mutanen da ba su da lokacin tattara bayanai da aka tara, tsawon lokacin da bayanai ke ɗauka da kuma alaƙar motsin rai da kadarori na dijital. Nazarin da aka gudanar don bincika tattara bayanai na dijital ba su da iyaka saboda wannan fanni ne da ke tasowa. Akwai rashin jituwa tsakanin masu bincike game da ko tattara bayanai na dijital yanayi ne da za a magance shi maimakon ayyukan ɗan adam na yau da kullun. <ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last=Dillon |first=Andrew |year=2019 |title=Collecting as Routine Human Behavior: Personal Identity and Control in the Material and Digital World |journal=Information & Culture |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=255–280 |doi=10.7560/ic54301 |s2cid=210381785}}</ref> Ana kuma amfani da kalmar '''tattara bayanai''' don bayyana adana bayanai (wanda ba shi da alaƙa da cututtuka) da yawa waɗanda ƙila za a rasa, kamar tsoffin wasannin bidiyo da gidajen yanar gizo . Saboda yawan cire albarkatun kan layi na gwamnatin Amurka a shekarar 2025, tattara bayanai a matsayin rigakafin asara ya sami kulawa sosai. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Morales |first=Jowi |date=2025-02-13 |title=Data hoarders race to preserve data from rapidly disappearing U.S. federal websites |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/big-tech/data-hoarders-race-to-preserve-data-from-rapidly-disappearing-u-s-federal-websites |website=Tom's Hardware}}</ref> Tara bayanai ya bambanta da ayyukan tattara bayanai na dijital na kasuwanci da na gwamnati kamar tattara bayanai da haƙo bayanai, waɗanda aka tara don dalilan horar da AI, tallan da aka yi niyya da kuma sa ido kan jama'a . Ana iya lura da ɗabi'ar adana bayanai a wurare daban-daban na dijital kamar kafofin sada zumunta na Reddit's datahoarder (/r/DataHoarder). A cikin 2018, al'umma ta tattara kusan Terabytes 25 na hotunan batsa daga shafin yanar gizo na microblogging Tumblr bayan an sanar da cewa shafin zai sanya haramcin amfani da kayan NSFW. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Bryan |date=2018-12-06 |title=Reddit’s data hoarders are frantically trying to save Tumblr’s NSFW content |url=https://thenextweb.com/news/reddits-data-hoarders-are-frantically-trying-to-save-tumblrs-nsfw-content |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=TNW {{!}} Insider |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Oktoba 2025, wani memba na al'ummar Reddit datahoarder ya ƙirƙiri wani tsari na adana bayanai na [[fayilolin Epstein]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Koebler · |first=Jason |date=2025-10-09 |title=Data Hoarder Uses AI to Create Searchable Database of Epstein Files |url=https://www.404media.co/data-hoarder-uses-ai-to-create-searchable-database-of-epstein-files/ |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=404 Media |language=en}}</ref> == Tasirin halayya == Karancin binciken da aka buga waɗanda suka mayar da hankali kan nazarin ɗabi'ar tattara bayanai ta dijital sun gano waɗannan abubuwan masu tasiri a matsayin suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci ga shawarar mutum na tara bayanai ta dijital: * Wasu mutane suna fuskantar damuwa idan suka fuskanci zubar da kayan dijital, musamman idan suna jin tsoron rasa wani abu mai muhimmanci. <ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last=Sweeten |first=George |last2=Sillence |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Neave |first3=Nick |year=2018 |title=Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences |url=http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33816/1/Sweeten%20et%20al%20-%20Digital%20hoarding%20behaviours.docx |journal=Computers in Human Behavior |volume=85 |pages=54–60 |doi=10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031 |s2cid=49487239}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSweetenSillenceNeave2018">Sweeten, George; Sillence, Elizabeth; Neave, Nick (2018). [https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33816/1/Sweeten%20et%20al%20-%20Digital%20hoarding%20behaviours.docx "Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences"]. ''Computers in Human Behavior''. '''85''': <span class="nowrap">54–</span>60. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031|10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031]]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:49487239 49487239].</cite></ref> * Yawancin masu tattara bayanai na dijital ba su san yadda ake tsara abubuwan da suke da su na dijital ba ko kuma ba sa yin hakan, kuma ba su da wata hanyar tantance wane abu ne ya cancanci a adana. * Dalilan ƙirƙira na halitta kamar sha'awar raba ra'ayoyi. * Fahimta game da buƙata ko amfanin kadarorin dijital a nan gaba ** Za a buƙaci fahimtar kadarorin dijital a nan gaba <ref name=":02" /> ** Rashin tabbas game da bayanan da za a buƙaci nan gaba <ref name=":1" /> * Rashin kwarin gwiwa wajen sarrafa kadarorin dijital <ref name=":02" /> * Takaitawar lokaci ** Ajiye dukkan fayilolin dijital na mutum yana buƙatar ƙarancin lokaci da ƙoƙari fiye da kimantawa da goge su. <ref name="cyborg">{{Cite web |last=Case |first=A. |date=2011-12-18 |title=Digital Hoarding |url=http://cyborganthropology.com/Digital_Hoarding |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124091554/http://cyborganthropology.com/Digital_Hoarding |archive-date=2020-11-24 |website=Cyborg Anthropology}}</ref> Masu bincike sun ambaci ci gaban fasaha kamar haka a matsayin wanda ke taka rawa wajen ƙara yawan tarin kayan dijital: * Kasancewar kayan aiki da software don ƙirƙirar abun ciki na dijital * Ci gaban ƙarfin ajiya na dijital == Sakamakon bincike == Ƙara yawan kayan dijital yana daidai da ƙaruwar damar da mutane ke da ita na tara kayan dijital. Van Bennekom da abokan aikinsa sun gabatar da "tarin dijital" a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya a cikin 2015 bayan sun karanta bayanin da marasa lafiya da ƙwararru suka buga a Intanet. Sun ayyana shi a matsayin "tarin fayilolin dijital har zuwa lokacin da aka rasa hangen nesa, wanda daga ƙarshe ke haifar da damuwa da rashin tsari." [1] Tun bayan buga wannan binciken, an yi ƙoƙari da yawa don nazarin tarin dijital. A cikin kowanne daga cikin waɗannan wallafe-wallafen akwai gibin ilimi bayyanannu da aka gano yana nuna buƙatar ƙarin bincike don fahimtar tarin dijital sosai. [2] [3] Sweeten da abokan aikinsa sun gudanar da ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan bincike na farko a cikin 2018 wanda ya mayar da hankali kan tattara bayanai na dijital, bincika halaye da matsalolin da ke tattare da tattara bayanai na dijital. <ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last=Sweeten |first=George |last2=Sillence |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Neave |first3=Nick |year=2018 |title=Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences |url=http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33816/1/Sweeten%20et%20al%20-%20Digital%20hoarding%20behaviours.docx |journal=Computers in Human Behavior |volume=85 |pages=54–60 |doi=10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031 |s2cid=49487239}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSweetenSillenceNeave2018">Sweeten, George; Sillence, Elizabeth; Neave, Nick (2018). [https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33816/1/Sweeten%20et%20al%20-%20Digital%20hoarding%20behaviours.docx "Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences"]. ''Computers in Human Behavior''. '''85''': <span class="nowrap">54–</span>60. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031|10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.031]]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:49487239 49487239].</cite></ref> Sun gano shinge guda biyar don share bayanan dijital ciki har da: ajiye bayanai don nan gaba/idan akwai matsala, ajiye bayanai a matsayin shaida, kasala/cin lokaci, alaƙar motsin rai ga bayanai, ba uwar garkena ba - ba matsalata ba. Sun kuma gano matsaloli huɗu da ke da alaƙa da tara bayanai masu yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da: tasirin aiki, tasirin lafiyar kwakwalwa, batutuwan tsaro na yanar gizo, alaƙa da tattara bayanai na zahiri. Mahalarta wannan binciken galibi suna mamakin yawan bayanan da suka tara amma har yanzu suna fuskantar matsaloli yayin tattaunawa kan watsi da wannan bayanin. Wannan binciken na tattara bayanai na dijital ya takaita ne ta hanyar ƙaramin samfurin mahalarta da kuma rashin daidaitaccen ma'auni da aka amince da shi don auna ɗabi'ar tattara bayanai na dijital. <ref name=":02" /> == Manazarta == g5qqk9l2gtyo353voy9fw9o1soz7wd6 0 159102 862931 2026-06-21T12:44:07Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336318389|Clutterers Anonymous]]" 862931 wikitext text/x-wiki '''CLA''' ( '''CLA''' ) shiri ne mai matakai goma sha biyu ga mutanen da ke da matsala iri ɗaya da tarin abubuwa . CLA ta ce ta mayar da hankali kan batutuwan da ke ƙarƙashinta waɗanda aka bayyana ta hanyar tarin abubuwa marasa amfani da kuma motsin rai, maimakon alamu, shawarwari da laccoci. <ref name="google">{{Cite web |title=What CLA Offers |url=http://clutterersanonymous.org/what-cla-offers/ |access-date=2014-11-17 |website=Clutterers Anonymous}}</ref> CLA ta yi tarurruka masu aiki a kusan birane 70 a jihohi 24 a Amurka, da kuma da yawa a Ingila, Jamus, da Iceland, kamar yadda yake a 2011. CLA Tradition 3 ta ce, "Bukatar kawai ga zama memba na CLA ita ce sha'awar daina tarin abubuwa." <ref name="clutterersanonymous" /> CLA Traditioners Anonymous ya maye gurbin "marasa ƙarfi akan barasa" a Mataki na Farko na Matakai Goma Sha Biyu da aka ƙirƙira ta hanyar Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) da "marasa ƙarfi akan tarin abubuwanmu." An kafa CLA a watan Mayu 1989 a Simi Valley, California . <ref name="RANDAZZO1999" /> CLA ta lura cewa akwai dalilai marasa iyaka da mutum zai iya zama mai tarin abubuwa ko mai tarin abubuwa, duk da haka wannan shirin bai damu da "dalilin" ba. Madadin haka, CLA ta mayar da hankali kan taimaka wa waɗanda har yanzu ke cikin wahala, tare da hanyar "numfashi", a wannan yanayin kawar da cunkoso domin dawo da natsuwa, haske, da kuma ikon rayuwa mai gamsarwa. == Littattafan da CLA ta amince da su == Littattafan da CLA ta amince da su sun haɗa da muhimman rubuce-rubuce guda biyu na Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Alcoholics Anonymous [1] (wanda ake kira " Babban Littafi ") da kuma Matakai goma sha biyu da Al'adu goma sha biyu [2] takardu takwas na musamman ga CLA, da kuma ƙaramin littafi mai shafuka 28, "Shin CLA ne a gare ku? Jagorar Sabon Zuwa don Murmurewa ." [3] A wasu tarurruka, membobin CLA suna karantawa kai tsaye daga duka littattafan biyu kuma suna iya maye gurbin kalmar "mashaya" da "mai yawan shaye-shaye." [4] Clutterers Anonymous ba ta da alaƙa da Messies Anonymous, wata ƙungiyar tallafi da Sandra Felton ta kafa, wacce ke amfani da wallafe-wallafenta masu haƙƙin mallaka. == Duba kuma == * Jerin ƙungiyoyin matakai goma sha biyu * Ƙungiyoyin taimakon kai don lafiyar kwakwalwa == Manazarta == jls58vhb4usmgz6qogaux4mxce2cudc 862932 862931 2026-06-21T12:44:26Z Sardeeq 39275 862932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''CLA''' ( '''CLA''' ) shiri ne mai matakai goma sha biyu ga mutanen da ke da matsala iri ɗaya da tarin abubuwa . CLA ta ce ta mayar da hankali kan batutuwan da ke ƙarƙashinta waɗanda aka bayyana ta hanyar tarin abubuwa marasa amfani da kuma motsin rai, maimakon alamu, shawarwari da laccoci. <ref name="google">{{Cite web |title=What CLA Offers |url=http://clutterersanonymous.org/what-cla-offers/ |access-date=2014-11-17 |website=Clutterers Anonymous}}</ref> CLA ta yi tarurruka masu aiki a kusan birane 70 a jihohi 24 a Amurka, da kuma da yawa a Ingila, Jamus, da Iceland, kamar yadda yake a 2011. CLA Tradition 3 ta ce, "Bukatar kawai ga zama memba na CLA ita ce sha'awar daina tarin abubuwa." <ref name="clutterersanonymous" /> CLA Traditioners Anonymous ya maye gurbin "marasa ƙarfi akan barasa" a Mataki na Farko na Matakai Goma Sha Biyu da aka ƙirƙira ta hanyar Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) da "marasa ƙarfi akan tarin abubuwanmu." An kafa CLA a watan Mayu 1989 a Simi Valley, California . <ref name="RANDAZZO1999" /> CLA ta lura cewa akwai dalilai marasa iyaka da mutum zai iya zama mai tarin abubuwa ko mai tarin abubuwa, duk da haka wannan shirin bai damu da "dalilin" ba. Madadin haka, CLA ta mayar da hankali kan taimaka wa waɗanda har yanzu ke cikin wahala, tare da hanyar "numfashi", a wannan yanayin kawar da cunkoso domin dawo da natsuwa, haske, da kuma ikon rayuwa mai gamsarwa. == Littattafan da CLA ta amince da su == Littattafan da CLA ta amince da su sun haɗa da muhimman rubuce-rubuce guda biyu na Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Alcoholics Anonymous [1] (wanda ake kira " Babban Littafi ") da kuma Matakai goma sha biyu da Al'adu goma sha biyu [2] takardu takwas na musamman ga CLA, da kuma ƙaramin littafi mai shafuka 28, "Shin CLA ne a gare ku? Jagorar Sabon Zuwa don Murmurewa ." [3] A wasu tarurruka, membobin CLA suna karantawa kai tsaye daga duka littattafan biyu kuma suna iya maye gurbin kalmar "mashaya" da "mai yawan shaye-shaye." [4] Clutterers Anonymous ba ta da alaƙa da Messies Anonymous, wata ƙungiyar tallafi da Sandra Felton ta kafa, wacce ke amfani da wallafe-wallafenta masu haƙƙin mallaka. == Duba kuma == * Jerin ƙungiyoyin matakai goma sha biyu * Ƙungiyoyin taimakon kai don lafiyar kwakwalwa == Manazarta == flewxat0chdvnm0a6qsn9gzxga7jaj7 0 159103 862937 2026-06-21T12:46:11Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360234170|Bibliomania]]" 862937 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Brief_History_of_Wood-engraving_Ship_of_Fools_Bibliomaniac.png|thumb|Zane mai taken ''The Bibliomaniac'' daga ''Navis Stultifera'' (Jirgin Wawaye) na Sebastian Brandt, 1497.]] '''Bibliomania''' shine yawan tattarawa ko ma tattara [[Littafi|littattafai]] har zuwa inda dangantaka ta zamantakewa ko lafiya ta lalace, musamman a matsayin alamar rashin lafiyar da ke damun mutum . Ba za a rikita Bibliomania da bibliophilia ba, wanda shine ƙaunar littattafai (a fannin lafiyar kwakwalwa), kuma saboda haka ba a ɗaukarsa a matsayin wata cuta ta tabin hankali ta asibiti ba. == Bayani == Ɗaya daga cikin halaye da ba a saba gani ba da ke da alaƙa da littattafai, bibliomania yana da alaƙa da tattara littattafai waɗanda ba su da amfani ga mai tarawa ko kuma wani babban amfani ga mai tarawa na gaske. Sayen kwafi da yawa na littafi da bugu ɗaya da kuma tara littattafai fiye da ƙarfin amfani ko jin daɗi alamu ne na yawan bibliomania. Bibliomania cuta ce ta tunani da Ƙungiyar Masu Halayyar Dan Adam ta Amurka ta amince da ita a cikin DSM-IV. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agrawal |first=Mukta |date=2015-09-09 |title=A Detailed Study About Bibliomania |url=https://www.inlifehealthcare.com/2015/09/09/a-detailed-study-about-bibliomania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302024724/https://www.inlifehealthcare.com/2015/09/09/a-detailed-study-about-bibliomania/ |archive-date=2019-03-02 |access-date=2017-05-25 |website=InlifeHealthCare}}</ref> Ana siffanta masu bibliomaniacs a matsayin waɗanda suka shagaltu da littattafai sosai har suka kai ga ɗaukar matakai masu tsauri don samun littattafan da suke so. Sau da yawa masu bibliomaniacs suna da kwafi da yawa na littafi ɗaya a cikin bugu daban-daban da yanayi daban-daban. Masu bibliomaniacs suna shafar siyan littattafai da sayar da su tare da yanayinsu na ban mamaki kuma sun ƙara farashin siyan littattafai masu wuya sosai. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Connell |first=Philip |year=2000 |title=Bibliomania: Book Collecting, Cultural Politics, and the Rise of Literary Heritage in Romantic Britain |journal=Representations |issue=71 |pages=24–47 |doi=10.2307/2902924 |jstor=2902924}}</ref> == Tarihi == John Ferriar (1761–1815), likita a asibitin Manchester Royal, ne ya ƙirƙiro kalmar. Ferriar ya ƙirƙiro kalmar a shekara ta 1809 a cikin wata waƙa da ya keɓe wa abokinsa mai bin littafin bibliomanic, Richard Heber (1773–1833). A farkon ƙarni na sha tara, ana amfani da "bibliomania" a cikin jawabai masu shahara (kamar a cikin muƙaloli da waƙoƙi na lokaci-lokaci) don bayyana masu tattara littattafai masu ban sha'awa. A shekarar 1809, Reverend Thomas Frognall Dibdin ya buga ''Bibliomania; ko Book Madness'', wani aiki da mai sukar adabi Philip Connell ya bayyana a matsayin "jerin tattaunawa masu ban mamaki waɗanda suka haɗa da wani nau'in yanayin wasan kwaikwayo, wanda aka zana shi da kyau, kuma a bugu na biyu, an ƙawata shi da manyan bayanan ƙasa akan tarihin littattafai da tarihin tattara littattafai." "Alamomin" da masu bibliomania suka nuna a cikin aikin Dibdin sun haɗa da "sha'awar kwafi marasa yankewa, takardu masu kyau ko shafuka masu ƙyalli, kwafi na musamman, bugu na farko, littattafan baƙi, kwafi masu zane, kwafi na haɗin gwiwa, da ayyukan da aka la'anta ko aka danne". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Connell |first=Philip |date=Summer 2000 |title=Bibliomania: Book Collecting, Cultural Politics, and the Rise of Literary Heritage in Romantic Britain |journal=Representations |volume=71 |pages=24–47 |doi=10.1525/rep.2000.71.1.01p00764 |doi-broken-date=11 July 2025}}</ref> A ƙarshen ƙarni na sha tara, an ba wa tarin littattafai da masu tattara bayanai damar yin bayani akai-akai a matsayin abubuwan da ake son sani. Holbrook Jackson zai bi diddigin ayyukan Ferriar da Dibdin daga baya a cikin littafin ''The Anatomy of Bibliomania'' . Bibliomania ya shahara sosai a zamanin Regency yayin da sha'awar kwafin littattafai na farko ya jawo farashi zuwa matakan da ba za a iya samu ba. Saboda haka, littattafan bibliomania sun yi tasiri sosai kan sayar da littattafai masu wuya ko tsofaffin littattafai ta yadda ba a taɓa samun su ba. [1] == Mutane masu fama da bibliomania == * An yanke wa Stephen Blumberg hukuncin daurin rai da rai kan satar littattafai na dala miliyan 5.3. * Sir Thomas Phillipps, Baronet na 1 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Book Collecting: A.N.L. Munby: A Balanced View<!-- Bot generated title --> |url=http://www.maggs.com/collections/onlycollect.asp?book=17&page=3 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928123726/http://www.maggs.com/collections/onlycollect.asp?book=17&page=3 |archive-date=2011-09-28 |access-date=2006-11-30}}</ref> (1792–1872) ya yi fama da mummunan ciwon bibliomania. Tarin littattafansa, wanda a lokacin mutuwarsa ya ƙunshi littattafai da rubuce-rubuce sama da 160,000, har yanzu ana gwanjonsu sama da shekaru 100 bayan mutuwarsa. * Rev. WF Whitcher fasto ne na Methodist na ƙarni na 19 wanda, bayan ya saci littattafai masu tsada, zai yi iƙirarin cewa "abin da aka samu" ne daga masu sayar da littattafai na gida. * Lord Charles Spencer (1740–1820), mai tattara littattafai wanda ya yi tayin sayar da kwafin farko na ''The Decameron'' zuwa £2,260 a gwanjon ɗakin karatu na iyali na Roxburghe. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Connell |first=Philip |year=2000 |title=Bibliomania: Book Collecting, Cultural Politics, and the Rise of Literary Heritage in Romantic Britain |journal=Representations |issue=71 |pages=24–47 |doi=10.2307/2902924 |jstor=2902924}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFConnell2000">Connell, Philip (2000). "Bibliomania: Book Collecting, Cultural Politics, and the Rise of Literary Heritage in Romantic Britain". ''Representations'' (71): <span class="nowrap">24–</span>47. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/2902924|10.2307/2902924]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2902924 2902924].</cite></ref> == Duba kuma == * Tsundoku * Tattara littattafai * Halayyar tilastawa * Mania * Satar littattafai a shaguna == Manazarta == et0ncoycyhqefcnqolf8jhijtfnog32 862939 862937 2026-06-21T12:46:30Z Sardeeq 39275 862939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Brief_History_of_Wood-engraving_Ship_of_Fools_Bibliomaniac.png|thumb|Zane mai taken ''The Bibliomaniac'' daga ''Navis Stultifera'' (Jirgin Wawaye) na Sebastian Brandt, 1497.]] '''Bibliomania''' shine yawan tattarawa ko ma tattara [[Littafi|littattafai]] har zuwa inda dangantaka ta zamantakewa ko lafiya ta lalace, musamman a matsayin alamar rashin lafiyar da ke damun mutum . Ba za a rikita Bibliomania da bibliophilia ba, wanda shine ƙaunar littattafai (a fannin lafiyar kwakwalwa), kuma saboda haka ba a ɗaukarsa a matsayin wata cuta ta tabin hankali ta asibiti ba. == Bayani == Ɗaya daga cikin halaye da ba a saba gani ba da ke da alaƙa da littattafai, bibliomania yana da alaƙa da tattara littattafai waɗanda ba su da amfani ga mai tarawa ko kuma wani babban amfani ga mai tarawa na gaske. Sayen kwafi da yawa na littafi da bugu ɗaya da kuma tara littattafai fiye da ƙarfin amfani ko jin daɗi alamu ne na yawan bibliomania. Bibliomania cuta ce ta tunani da Ƙungiyar Masu Halayyar Dan Adam ta Amurka ta amince da ita a cikin DSM-IV. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agrawal |first=Mukta |date=2015-09-09 |title=A Detailed Study About Bibliomania |url=https://www.inlifehealthcare.com/2015/09/09/a-detailed-study-about-bibliomania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302024724/https://www.inlifehealthcare.com/2015/09/09/a-detailed-study-about-bibliomania/ |archive-date=2019-03-02 |access-date=2017-05-25 |website=InlifeHealthCare}}</ref> Ana siffanta masu bibliomaniacs a matsayin waɗanda suka shagaltu da littattafai sosai har suka kai ga ɗaukar matakai masu tsauri don samun littattafan da suke so. Sau da yawa masu bibliomaniacs suna da kwafi da yawa na littafi ɗaya a cikin bugu daban-daban da yanayi daban-daban. Masu bibliomaniacs suna shafar siyan littattafai da sayar da su tare da yanayinsu na ban mamaki kuma sun ƙara farashin siyan littattafai masu wuya sosai. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Connell |first=Philip |year=2000 |title=Bibliomania: Book Collecting, Cultural Politics, and the Rise of Literary Heritage in Romantic Britain |journal=Representations |issue=71 |pages=24–47 |doi=10.2307/2902924 |jstor=2902924}}</ref> == Tarihi == John Ferriar (1761–1815), likita a asibitin Manchester Royal, ne ya ƙirƙiro kalmar. Ferriar ya ƙirƙiro kalmar a shekara ta 1809 a cikin wata waƙa da ya keɓe wa abokinsa mai bin littafin bibliomanic, Richard Heber (1773–1833). A farkon ƙarni na sha tara, ana amfani da "bibliomania" a cikin jawabai masu shahara (kamar a cikin muƙaloli da waƙoƙi na lokaci-lokaci) don bayyana masu tattara littattafai masu ban sha'awa. A shekarar 1809, Reverend Thomas Frognall Dibdin ya buga ''Bibliomania; ko Book Madness'', wani aiki da mai sukar adabi Philip Connell ya bayyana a matsayin "jerin tattaunawa masu ban mamaki waɗanda suka haɗa da wani nau'in yanayin wasan kwaikwayo, wanda aka zana shi da kyau, kuma a bugu na biyu, an ƙawata shi da manyan bayanan ƙasa akan tarihin littattafai da tarihin tattara littattafai." "Alamomin" da masu bibliomania suka nuna a cikin aikin Dibdin sun haɗa da "sha'awar kwafi marasa yankewa, takardu masu kyau ko shafuka masu ƙyalli, kwafi na musamman, bugu na farko, littattafan baƙi, kwafi masu zane, kwafi na haɗin gwiwa, da ayyukan da aka la'anta ko aka danne". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Connell |first=Philip |date=Summer 2000 |title=Bibliomania: Book Collecting, Cultural Politics, and the Rise of Literary Heritage in Romantic Britain |journal=Representations |volume=71 |pages=24–47 |doi=10.1525/rep.2000.71.1.01p00764 |doi-broken-date=11 July 2025}}</ref> A ƙarshen ƙarni na sha tara, an ba wa tarin littattafai da masu tattara bayanai damar yin bayani akai-akai a matsayin abubuwan da ake son sani. Holbrook Jackson zai bi diddigin ayyukan Ferriar da Dibdin daga baya a cikin littafin ''The Anatomy of Bibliomania'' . Bibliomania ya shahara sosai a zamanin Regency yayin da sha'awar kwafin littattafai na farko ya jawo farashi zuwa matakan da ba za a iya samu ba. Saboda haka, littattafan bibliomania sun yi tasiri sosai kan sayar da littattafai masu wuya ko tsofaffin littattafai ta yadda ba a taɓa samun su ba. [1] == Mutane masu fama da bibliomania == * An yanke wa Stephen Blumberg hukuncin daurin rai da rai kan satar littattafai na dala miliyan 5.3. * Sir Thomas Phillipps, Baronet na 1 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Book Collecting: A.N.L. Munby: A Balanced View<!-- Bot generated title --> |url=http://www.maggs.com/collections/onlycollect.asp?book=17&page=3 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928123726/http://www.maggs.com/collections/onlycollect.asp?book=17&page=3 |archive-date=2011-09-28 |access-date=2006-11-30}}</ref> (1792–1872) ya yi fama da mummunan ciwon bibliomania. Tarin littattafansa, wanda a lokacin mutuwarsa ya ƙunshi littattafai da rubuce-rubuce sama da 160,000, har yanzu ana gwanjonsu sama da shekaru 100 bayan mutuwarsa. * Rev. WF Whitcher fasto ne na Methodist na ƙarni na 19 wanda, bayan ya saci littattafai masu tsada, zai yi iƙirarin cewa "abin da aka samu" ne daga masu sayar da littattafai na gida. * Lord Charles Spencer (1740–1820), mai tattara littattafai wanda ya yi tayin sayar da kwafin farko na ''The Decameron'' zuwa £2,260 a gwanjon ɗakin karatu na iyali na Roxburghe. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Connell |first=Philip |year=2000 |title=Bibliomania: Book Collecting, Cultural Politics, and the Rise of Literary Heritage in Romantic Britain |journal=Representations |issue=71 |pages=24–47 |doi=10.2307/2902924 |jstor=2902924}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFConnell2000">Connell, Philip (2000). "Bibliomania: Book Collecting, Cultural Politics, and the Rise of Literary Heritage in Romantic Britain". ''Representations'' (71): <span class="nowrap">24–</span>47. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/2902924|10.2307/2902924]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2902924 2902924].</cite></ref> == Duba kuma == * Tsundoku * Tattara littattafai * Halayyar tilastawa * Mania * Satar littattafai a shaguna == Manazarta == 6z3cc9liaab9tp7xeiykxs0y0d2yzby 0 159104 862944 2026-06-21T12:48:13Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332838079|Animal hoarding]]" 862944 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tara dabbobi''', wanda wani lokacin ake kira '''Noah syndrome''', <ref name="NoahSyndrome">{{Cite journal |last=Saldarriaga-Cantillo, Alejandra, and Juan Carlos Rivas Nieto |year=2015 |title=Noah syndrome: a variant of Diogenes syndrome accompanied by animal hoarding practices |journal=Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=270–275 |doi=10.1080/08946566.2014.978518 |pmid=25397353 |s2cid=3828174}}</ref> yana adana adadin dabbobi fiye da yadda aka saba a matsayin dabbobin gida ba tare da ikon gina su yadda ya kamata ba ko kula da su, yayin da a lokaci guda yake musanta wannan rashin iyawa. Tara dabbobi da aka tilasta ana iya siffanta su a matsayin alamar matsalar kwakwalwa maimakon zalunci da gangan ga dabbobi . Masu tara dabbobi suna da matuƙar sha'awar dabbobinsu kuma suna ganin yana da matuƙar wahala su bar dabbobin su tafi. Yawanci ba sa iya fahimtar cewa suna cutar da dabbobinsu ta hanyar rashin ba su kulawa mai kyau. Masu tara dabbobi suna da ra'ayin cewa suna ba su kulawar da ta dace. <ref name="Flaherty">{{Cite journal |last=Davis |first=Susan |last2=Flaherty (illus) |first2=Jake |year=2002 |title=Prosecuting Animal Hoarders is like Herding Cats |url=http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=California Lawyer |issue=September |pages=26, 28, 29, 67 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040703065120/http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf |archive-date=July 3, 2004}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Amurka don Rigakafin Zalunci ga Dabbobi tana ba da "Ƙungiyar Rigakafin Tara dabbobi", wacce ke aiki tare da masu tara dabbobi don taimaka musu su sami adadin dabbobin gida masu inganci da sauƙin sarrafawa. <ref name="abthoard">{{Cite web |last=Hoarding of Animals Research Consortium (HARC) |year=2004 |title=Commonly asked questions about hoarding |url=http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/abthoard.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100112124000/http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/abthoard.htm |archive-date=2010-01-12}}</ref> == Halayen mai tarawa == Mai tara dabbobi yana ajiye dabbobin gida da yawa a wurarensa, kuma bai kula da su yadda ya kamata ba. Ana bambanta mai tara dabbobi da mai kiwon dabbobi, wanda zai sami dabbobi da yawa a matsayin babban ɓangaren kasuwancinsa; wannan bambanci na iya zama matsala, duk da haka, saboda wasu masu tara dabbobi tsoffin masu kiwon dabbobi ne waɗanda suka daina sayarwa da kula da dabbobinsu, yayin da wasu za su yi iƙirarin cewa su masu kiwon dabbobi ne a matsayin hanyar kare lafiyar kwakwalwa, ko kuma suna fatan hana shiga tsakani. Gary Patronek, darektan Cibiyar Dabbobi da Manufofin Jama'a a Jami'ar Tufts, ya bayyana tara dabbobi a matsayin "halayyar ɗan adam ta rashin lafiya wadda ta ƙunshi buƙatar tilastawa don samun da kuma sarrafa dabbobi, tare da rashin gane wahalar da suke sha". <ref name="Patronek2006">{{Cite journal |last=Patronek |first=Gary J. |year=2006 |title=Animal hoarding: its roots and recognition |url=https://www.dvm360.com/view/animal-hoarding-its-roots-and-recognition |journal=Veterinary Medicine |volume=101 |issue=8 |pages=520–530}}</ref> A cewar wani bincike, abin da ya bambanta shi ne cewa mai tara dabbobi "ya kasa samar wa dabbobin isasshen abinci, ruwa, tsafta, da kulawar dabbobi, kuma... yana musanta wannan rashin iya samar da isasshen kulawa." <ref name="Berry et al 2005">{{Cite journal |last=Berry |first=Colin |last2=Patronek |first2=Gary |last3=Lockwood |first3=Randall |year=2005 |title=Long-Term Outcomes in Animal Hoarding Cases |url=https://www.animallaw.info/article/long-term-outcomes-animal-hoarding-cases |journal=Animal Law |volume=11 |issue= |pages=167–194}}</ref> Tare da sauran halayen [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|tara dabbobi]], an haɗa shi a cikin DSM-IV da rashin lafiyar obsessive-compulsive da kuma rashin lafiyar halayyar obsessive-compulsive . <ref name="mentalhealth">{{Cite web |title=Mental health issues and animal hoarding |url=http://research.vet.upenn.edu/sheltermedicine/HoardingTaskForce/TheHoardingIssue/tabid/5009/Default.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140613110502/http://research.vet.upenn.edu/sheltermedicine/HoardingTaskForce/TheHoardingIssue/tabid/5009/Default.aspx |archive-date=2014-06-13}}</ref> DSM-5 ya haɗa da ganewar cutar tarin abubuwa. A madadin haka, tara dabbobi na iya zama da alaƙa da jaraba, [[Dementia|ciwon hauka]], ko ma ruɗin tunani . <ref name="Berry et al 2005">{{Cite journal |last=Berry |first=Colin |last2=Patronek |first2=Gary |last3=Lockwood |first3=Randall |year=2005 |title=Long-Term Outcomes in Animal Hoarding Cases |url=https://www.animallaw.info/article/long-term-outcomes-animal-hoarding-cases |journal=Animal Law |volume=11 |issue= |pages=167–194}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBerryPatronekLockwood2005">Berry, Colin; Patronek, Gary; Lockwood, Randall (2005). [https://www.animallaw.info/article/long-term-outcomes-animal-hoarding-cases "Long-Term Outcomes in Animal Hoarding Cases"]. ''Animal Law''. '''11''': <span class="nowrap">167–</span>194.</cite></ref> Adadin dabbobin da abin ya shafa su kaɗai ba wani abu ne da ke tantance wurin tara dabbobin ba. Madadin haka, matsalar ita ce rashin iyawar mai shi na kula da dabbobin da kuma kin amincewa da mai shi ya yarda cewa dabbobin da gidan suna taɓarɓarewa. <ref name="animallaw.info">{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Victoria |date=May 2010 |title=Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding |url=https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm |access-date=2014-04-08 |website=The Animal Legal and Historical Center |publisher=Michigan State University College of Law}}</ref> Misali, a wani shari'ar tattara dabbobi, an kama kuliyoyi 11 daga tirela. <ref name="Leek Leiberan">{{Cite web |last=Leek Leiberan |first=Margaret H. |date=March 2006 |title=In the Matter of a Protective Order for Jean Marie Primrose |url=https://animallaw.info/pleadings/pb_pdf/pbusorcatchampion_appellants_brief_1.pdf |access-date=2014-04-08 |website=pleading}}</ref> Mataimakin ya ƙara shaida cewa ba za ta iya taka ko'ina a cikin tirelar ba tare da ta taka wani abu sabo, tsoho, ko najasa ba, kuma har ma murhu da wurin wanka sun cika da sharar da ke da haɗari ga halittu. <ref name="Leek Leiberan" /> <ref name="Leek Leiberan" /> haka, wata mace 'yar ƙasar Kanada, wadda ta mutu ta bar kuliyoyi 100 da kyau, an ciyar da su yadda ya kamata, an yi musu allurar riga-kafi, an kuma kula da su, ba a ɗauke ta a matsayin mai tara dabbobin ba saboda an kula da dabbobinta yadda ya kamata. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Avery |first=Lisa |date=2011-04-15 |title=From Helping to Hoarding to Hurting: When the Acts of "Good Samaritans" Become Felony Animal Cruelty |url=https://scholar.valpo.edu/vulr/vol39/iss4/2/ |journal=Valparaiso University Law Review |volume=39 |issue=4 |pages=815–858}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Binciken Dabbobi ta Haɗuwa (HARC) ta gano waɗannan halaye kamar yadda aka saba ga duk masu tarawa: * Tarin dabbobi da yawa, wanda ya danne ikon mutumin na samar da ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki, tsafta, da kuma kula da dabbobi; * Rashin fahimtar yanayin lalacewar dabbobin (gami da cututtuka, yunwa, har ma da mutuwa) da kuma yanayin gida (matsanancin cunkoso, rashin tsafta sosai); da kuma * Rashin gane mummunan tasirin tarin kayan ga lafiyarsu da walwalarsu, da kuma na sauran 'yan gidan. <ref name="animallaw.info">{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Victoria |date=May 2010 |title=Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding |url=https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm |access-date=2014-04-08 |website=The Animal Legal and Historical Center |publisher=Michigan State University College of Law}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHayes2010">Hayes, Victoria (May 2010). [https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm "Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding"]. ''The Animal Legal and Historical Center''. Michigan State University College of Law<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-08</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ana iya siffanta [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|tarin kayan da ba dole ba]] a matsayin wata alama ta matsalar tabin hankali maimakon zalunci da gangan ga dabbobi . Masu tara kayan suna da matuƙar sha'awar dabbobinsu kuma suna ganin yana da matuƙar wahala su bar dabbobin su tafi. Yawanci ba sa iya fahimtar cewa suna cutar da dabbobinsu ta hanyar rashin ba su kulawa mai kyau. Masu tara kayan suna da ra'ayin cewa suna ba da kulawar da ta dace ga dabbobinsu. <ref name="Flaherty">{{Cite journal |last=Davis |first=Susan |last2=Flaherty (illus) |first2=Jake |year=2002 |title=Prosecuting Animal Hoarders is like Herding Cats |url=http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=California Lawyer |issue=September |pages=26, 28, 29, 67 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040703065120/http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf |archive-date=July 3, 2004}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDavisFlaherty_(illus)2002">Davis, Susan; Flaherty (illus), Jake (2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20040703065120/http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf "Prosecuting Animal Hoarders is like Herding Cats"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''California Lawyer'' (September): 26, 28, 29, 67. Archived from [http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf the original] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on July 3, 2004.</cite></ref> == Mafita ta shari'a == === Amurka === ==== Dokokin zaluncin dabbobi ==== A Amurka, ana iya gurfanar da masu tara dabbobi a gaban kuliya a ƙarƙashin dokokin jihar na zaluncin dabbobi saboda rashin samar da wani matakin kulawa ga dabbobinsu. <ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Victoria |date=2010 |title=Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding |url=https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm |access-date=2014-04-12 |website=The Animal Legal and Historical Society |publisher=Michigan State University College of Law}}</ref> Ga wasu misalan ƙa'idodin da ke aiki a yanzu. A Alaska, dokar zalunci ta bayyana mafi ƙarancin matakin kulawa ga dabbobi wanda ya haɗa da (1) abinci da ruwa isasshe don kula da kowace dabba cikin ƙoshin lafiya; (2) muhalli mai dacewa da karewa da kiyaye lafiya da amincin dabbar; da kuma (3) kulawar lafiya mai ma'ana a wasu lokutan kuma gwargwadon yadda ake da shi da kuma yadda ake buƙata don kula da dabbar cikin ƙoshin lafiya. Haka nan, a Colorado, mutum yana aikata zalunci ga dabbobi idan ya ko ta sani, ba tare da kulawa ba, ko kuma sakaci na laifi ya hana dabba samun abincin da ake buƙata, ya yi sakaci da kowace dabba, ya bar dabbar ta zauna a cikin yanayin da ke haifar da mummunan rauni na jiki na yau da kullun ko kuma maimaituwa, ko kuma ya kasa samar wa dabbar da abinci, abin sha, ko kariya daga yanayin da ya dace da nau'in, nau'in, da nau'in dabbar da abin ya shafa. A cikin dokar cin zarafin dabbobi ta Colorado, "sakaci" yana nufin rashin samar da abinci, ruwa, kariya daga yanayi, ko wasu kulawa da ake ɗauka a matsayin na yau da kullun, na yau da kullun, kuma an yarda da su don lafiyar dabba da walwalarta daidai da nau'in, nau'in, da nau'in dabbar. Tunda rashin samar da kulawa mai kyau ga dabbobi aiki ne na sakaci ko sakaci maimakon aiki mai kyau, rashin kula da dabba ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin laifi na laifi a yawancin jihohi. <ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Victoria |date=2010 |title=Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding |url=https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm |access-date=2014-04-12 |website=The Animal Legal and Historical Society |publisher=Michigan State University College of Law}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHayes2010">Hayes, Victoria (2010). [https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm "Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding"]. ''The Animal Legal and Historical Society''. Michigan State University College of Law<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Misali, a Alaska, idan mai dabba ya kasa samar da ƙa'idodin kulawa da aka ambata a sama, jihar tana da shaidar farko ta rashin kula da dabba. Idan mai gabatar da ƙara zai iya tabbatar da cewa gazawar mai dabbar ta aikata sakaci da laifi kuma rashin kula da dabbar ya haifar da mutuwarta ko kuma mummunan ciwo na jiki ko wahala mai tsawo, to mai dabbar na iya samun laifin aikata laifi na Class A. A Colorado, rashin samar wa dabba da ingantaccen kulawa abu ne na Class 1. A Virginia, kowane mai dabba dole ne ya samar wa kowane dabbar da ke tare da shi: isasshen abinci; isasshen ruwa; isasshen matsuguni wanda aka tsaftace shi da kyau; isasshen sarari a cikin babban wurin da aka keɓe don takamaiman nau'in dabba dangane da shekaru, girmanta, nau'inta, da nauyinta; isasshen motsa jiki; isasshen kulawa, magani, da sufuri; da kuma kula da dabbobi lokacin da ake buƙata don hana wahala ko yaɗuwar cuta. Keta waɗannan ƙa'idodi laifi ne na Aji 4. <ref name="ReferenceC" /> Keta na biyu ko na gaba na iya haifar da babban laifi. <ref name="ReferenceC" /> Haka kuma, a ƙarƙashin dokar mugunta ta dabbobi ta Virginia, duk wanda ya hana dabba abinci, abin sha, matsuguni ko maganin gaggawa na dabbobi ya aikata laifin aikata laifi na Aji 1. Duk da haka, wasu jihohi, kamar California da New Hampshire, na iya samar da tanadin manyan laifuka don hana dabba samun abinci, abin sha, da matsuguni. [1] [2] A Colorado, babban laifi ne na aji 6 bayan an yanke masa hukunci na biyu ko kuma daga baya na cin zarafin dabbobi. [3] A Maine, mutumin da ya aikata laifin cin zarafin dabbobi zai iya fuskantar tuhume-tuhume na laifi ko na farar hula bisa ga shawarar lauyan jihar. [4] == Manazarta == l1upbtavexn3c4cujlsi8n6x8pus3tn 862945 862944 2026-06-21T12:48:33Z Sardeeq 39275 862945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tara dabbobi''', wanda wani lokacin ake kira '''Noah syndrome''', <ref name="NoahSyndrome">{{Cite journal |last=Saldarriaga-Cantillo, Alejandra, and Juan Carlos Rivas Nieto |year=2015 |title=Noah syndrome: a variant of Diogenes syndrome accompanied by animal hoarding practices |journal=Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=270–275 |doi=10.1080/08946566.2014.978518 |pmid=25397353 |s2cid=3828174}}</ref> yana adana adadin dabbobi fiye da yadda aka saba a matsayin dabbobin gida ba tare da ikon gina su yadda ya kamata ba ko kula da su, yayin da a lokaci guda yake musanta wannan rashin iyawa. Tara dabbobi da aka tilasta ana iya siffanta su a matsayin alamar matsalar kwakwalwa maimakon zalunci da gangan ga dabbobi . Masu tara dabbobi suna da matuƙar sha'awar dabbobinsu kuma suna ganin yana da matuƙar wahala su bar dabbobin su tafi. Yawanci ba sa iya fahimtar cewa suna cutar da dabbobinsu ta hanyar rashin ba su kulawa mai kyau. Masu tara dabbobi suna da ra'ayin cewa suna ba su kulawar da ta dace. <ref name="Flaherty">{{Cite journal |last=Davis |first=Susan |last2=Flaherty (illus) |first2=Jake |year=2002 |title=Prosecuting Animal Hoarders is like Herding Cats |url=http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=California Lawyer |issue=September |pages=26, 28, 29, 67 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040703065120/http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf |archive-date=July 3, 2004}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Amurka don Rigakafin Zalunci ga Dabbobi tana ba da "Ƙungiyar Rigakafin Tara dabbobi", wacce ke aiki tare da masu tara dabbobi don taimaka musu su sami adadin dabbobin gida masu inganci da sauƙin sarrafawa. <ref name="abthoard">{{Cite web |last=Hoarding of Animals Research Consortium (HARC) |year=2004 |title=Commonly asked questions about hoarding |url=http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/abthoard.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100112124000/http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/abthoard.htm |archive-date=2010-01-12}}</ref> == Halayen mai tarawa == Mai tara dabbobi yana ajiye dabbobin gida da yawa a wurarensa, kuma bai kula da su yadda ya kamata ba. Ana bambanta mai tara dabbobi da mai kiwon dabbobi, wanda zai sami dabbobi da yawa a matsayin babban ɓangaren kasuwancinsa; wannan bambanci na iya zama matsala, duk da haka, saboda wasu masu tara dabbobi tsoffin masu kiwon dabbobi ne waɗanda suka daina sayarwa da kula da dabbobinsu, yayin da wasu za su yi iƙirarin cewa su masu kiwon dabbobi ne a matsayin hanyar kare lafiyar kwakwalwa, ko kuma suna fatan hana shiga tsakani. Gary Patronek, darektan Cibiyar Dabbobi da Manufofin Jama'a a Jami'ar Tufts, ya bayyana tara dabbobi a matsayin "halayyar ɗan adam ta rashin lafiya wadda ta ƙunshi buƙatar tilastawa don samun da kuma sarrafa dabbobi, tare da rashin gane wahalar da suke sha". <ref name="Patronek2006">{{Cite journal |last=Patronek |first=Gary J. |year=2006 |title=Animal hoarding: its roots and recognition |url=https://www.dvm360.com/view/animal-hoarding-its-roots-and-recognition |journal=Veterinary Medicine |volume=101 |issue=8 |pages=520–530}}</ref> A cewar wani bincike, abin da ya bambanta shi ne cewa mai tara dabbobi "ya kasa samar wa dabbobin isasshen abinci, ruwa, tsafta, da kulawar dabbobi, kuma... yana musanta wannan rashin iya samar da isasshen kulawa." <ref name="Berry et al 2005">{{Cite journal |last=Berry |first=Colin |last2=Patronek |first2=Gary |last3=Lockwood |first3=Randall |year=2005 |title=Long-Term Outcomes in Animal Hoarding Cases |url=https://www.animallaw.info/article/long-term-outcomes-animal-hoarding-cases |journal=Animal Law |volume=11 |issue= |pages=167–194}}</ref> Tare da sauran halayen [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|tara dabbobi]], an haɗa shi a cikin DSM-IV da rashin lafiyar obsessive-compulsive da kuma rashin lafiyar halayyar obsessive-compulsive . <ref name="mentalhealth">{{Cite web |title=Mental health issues and animal hoarding |url=http://research.vet.upenn.edu/sheltermedicine/HoardingTaskForce/TheHoardingIssue/tabid/5009/Default.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140613110502/http://research.vet.upenn.edu/sheltermedicine/HoardingTaskForce/TheHoardingIssue/tabid/5009/Default.aspx |archive-date=2014-06-13}}</ref> DSM-5 ya haɗa da ganewar cutar tarin abubuwa. A madadin haka, tara dabbobi na iya zama da alaƙa da jaraba, [[Dementia|ciwon hauka]], ko ma ruɗin tunani . <ref name="Berry et al 2005">{{Cite journal |last=Berry |first=Colin |last2=Patronek |first2=Gary |last3=Lockwood |first3=Randall |year=2005 |title=Long-Term Outcomes in Animal Hoarding Cases |url=https://www.animallaw.info/article/long-term-outcomes-animal-hoarding-cases |journal=Animal Law |volume=11 |issue= |pages=167–194}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBerryPatronekLockwood2005">Berry, Colin; Patronek, Gary; Lockwood, Randall (2005). [https://www.animallaw.info/article/long-term-outcomes-animal-hoarding-cases "Long-Term Outcomes in Animal Hoarding Cases"]. ''Animal Law''. '''11''': <span class="nowrap">167–</span>194.</cite></ref> Adadin dabbobin da abin ya shafa su kaɗai ba wani abu ne da ke tantance wurin tara dabbobin ba. Madadin haka, matsalar ita ce rashin iyawar mai shi na kula da dabbobin da kuma kin amincewa da mai shi ya yarda cewa dabbobin da gidan suna taɓarɓarewa. <ref name="animallaw.info">{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Victoria |date=May 2010 |title=Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding |url=https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm |access-date=2014-04-08 |website=The Animal Legal and Historical Center |publisher=Michigan State University College of Law}}</ref> Misali, a wani shari'ar tattara dabbobi, an kama kuliyoyi 11 daga tirela. <ref name="Leek Leiberan">{{Cite web |last=Leek Leiberan |first=Margaret H. |date=March 2006 |title=In the Matter of a Protective Order for Jean Marie Primrose |url=https://animallaw.info/pleadings/pb_pdf/pbusorcatchampion_appellants_brief_1.pdf |access-date=2014-04-08 |website=pleading}}</ref> Mataimakin ya ƙara shaida cewa ba za ta iya taka ko'ina a cikin tirelar ba tare da ta taka wani abu sabo, tsoho, ko najasa ba, kuma har ma murhu da wurin wanka sun cika da sharar da ke da haɗari ga halittu. <ref name="Leek Leiberan" /> <ref name="Leek Leiberan" /> haka, wata mace 'yar ƙasar Kanada, wadda ta mutu ta bar kuliyoyi 100 da kyau, an ciyar da su yadda ya kamata, an yi musu allurar riga-kafi, an kuma kula da su, ba a ɗauke ta a matsayin mai tara dabbobin ba saboda an kula da dabbobinta yadda ya kamata. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Avery |first=Lisa |date=2011-04-15 |title=From Helping to Hoarding to Hurting: When the Acts of "Good Samaritans" Become Felony Animal Cruelty |url=https://scholar.valpo.edu/vulr/vol39/iss4/2/ |journal=Valparaiso University Law Review |volume=39 |issue=4 |pages=815–858}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Binciken Dabbobi ta Haɗuwa (HARC) ta gano waɗannan halaye kamar yadda aka saba ga duk masu tarawa: * Tarin dabbobi da yawa, wanda ya danne ikon mutumin na samar da ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki, tsafta, da kuma kula da dabbobi; * Rashin fahimtar yanayin lalacewar dabbobin (gami da cututtuka, yunwa, har ma da mutuwa) da kuma yanayin gida (matsanancin cunkoso, rashin tsafta sosai); da kuma * Rashin gane mummunan tasirin tarin kayan ga lafiyarsu da walwalarsu, da kuma na sauran 'yan gidan. <ref name="animallaw.info">{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Victoria |date=May 2010 |title=Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding |url=https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm |access-date=2014-04-08 |website=The Animal Legal and Historical Center |publisher=Michigan State University College of Law}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHayes2010">Hayes, Victoria (May 2010). [https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm "Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding"]. ''The Animal Legal and Historical Center''. Michigan State University College of Law<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-08</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ana iya siffanta [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|tarin kayan da ba dole ba]] a matsayin wata alama ta matsalar tabin hankali maimakon zalunci da gangan ga dabbobi . Masu tara kayan suna da matuƙar sha'awar dabbobinsu kuma suna ganin yana da matuƙar wahala su bar dabbobin su tafi. Yawanci ba sa iya fahimtar cewa suna cutar da dabbobinsu ta hanyar rashin ba su kulawa mai kyau. Masu tara kayan suna da ra'ayin cewa suna ba da kulawar da ta dace ga dabbobinsu. <ref name="Flaherty">{{Cite journal |last=Davis |first=Susan |last2=Flaherty (illus) |first2=Jake |year=2002 |title=Prosecuting Animal Hoarders is like Herding Cats |url=http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=California Lawyer |issue=September |pages=26, 28, 29, 67 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040703065120/http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf |archive-date=July 3, 2004}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFDavisFlaherty_(illus)2002">Davis, Susan; Flaherty (illus), Jake (2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20040703065120/http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf "Prosecuting Animal Hoarders is like Herding Cats"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''California Lawyer'' (September): 26, 28, 29, 67. Archived from [http://www.tufts.edu/vet/cfa/hoarding/pubs/herdingcats.pdf the original] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on July 3, 2004.</cite></ref> == Mafita ta shari'a == === Amurka === ==== Dokokin zaluncin dabbobi ==== A Amurka, ana iya gurfanar da masu tara dabbobi a gaban kuliya a ƙarƙashin dokokin jihar na zaluncin dabbobi saboda rashin samar da wani matakin kulawa ga dabbobinsu. <ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Victoria |date=2010 |title=Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding |url=https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm |access-date=2014-04-12 |website=The Animal Legal and Historical Society |publisher=Michigan State University College of Law}}</ref> Ga wasu misalan ƙa'idodin da ke aiki a yanzu. A Alaska, dokar zalunci ta bayyana mafi ƙarancin matakin kulawa ga dabbobi wanda ya haɗa da (1) abinci da ruwa isasshe don kula da kowace dabba cikin ƙoshin lafiya; (2) muhalli mai dacewa da karewa da kiyaye lafiya da amincin dabbar; da kuma (3) kulawar lafiya mai ma'ana a wasu lokutan kuma gwargwadon yadda ake da shi da kuma yadda ake buƙata don kula da dabbar cikin ƙoshin lafiya. Haka nan, a Colorado, mutum yana aikata zalunci ga dabbobi idan ya ko ta sani, ba tare da kulawa ba, ko kuma sakaci na laifi ya hana dabba samun abincin da ake buƙata, ya yi sakaci da kowace dabba, ya bar dabbar ta zauna a cikin yanayin da ke haifar da mummunan rauni na jiki na yau da kullun ko kuma maimaituwa, ko kuma ya kasa samar wa dabbar da abinci, abin sha, ko kariya daga yanayin da ya dace da nau'in, nau'in, da nau'in dabbar da abin ya shafa. A cikin dokar cin zarafin dabbobi ta Colorado, "sakaci" yana nufin rashin samar da abinci, ruwa, kariya daga yanayi, ko wasu kulawa da ake ɗauka a matsayin na yau da kullun, na yau da kullun, kuma an yarda da su don lafiyar dabba da walwalarta daidai da nau'in, nau'in, da nau'in dabbar. Tunda rashin samar da kulawa mai kyau ga dabbobi aiki ne na sakaci ko sakaci maimakon aiki mai kyau, rashin kula da dabba ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin laifi na laifi a yawancin jihohi. <ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Victoria |date=2010 |title=Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding |url=https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm |access-date=2014-04-12 |website=The Animal Legal and Historical Society |publisher=Michigan State University College of Law}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHayes2010">Hayes, Victoria (2010). [https://animallaw.info/articles/ddushoarding.htm "Detailed Discussion of Animal Hoarding"]. ''The Animal Legal and Historical Society''. Michigan State University College of Law<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-12</span></span>.</cite></ref> Misali, a Alaska, idan mai dabba ya kasa samar da ƙa'idodin kulawa da aka ambata a sama, jihar tana da shaidar farko ta rashin kula da dabba. Idan mai gabatar da ƙara zai iya tabbatar da cewa gazawar mai dabbar ta aikata sakaci da laifi kuma rashin kula da dabbar ya haifar da mutuwarta ko kuma mummunan ciwo na jiki ko wahala mai tsawo, to mai dabbar na iya samun laifin aikata laifi na Class A. A Colorado, rashin samar wa dabba da ingantaccen kulawa abu ne na Class 1. A Virginia, kowane mai dabba dole ne ya samar wa kowane dabbar da ke tare da shi: isasshen abinci; isasshen ruwa; isasshen matsuguni wanda aka tsaftace shi da kyau; isasshen sarari a cikin babban wurin da aka keɓe don takamaiman nau'in dabba dangane da shekaru, girmanta, nau'inta, da nauyinta; isasshen motsa jiki; isasshen kulawa, magani, da sufuri; da kuma kula da dabbobi lokacin da ake buƙata don hana wahala ko yaɗuwar cuta. Keta waɗannan ƙa'idodi laifi ne na Aji 4. <ref name="ReferenceC" /> Keta na biyu ko na gaba na iya haifar da babban laifi. <ref name="ReferenceC" /> Haka kuma, a ƙarƙashin dokar mugunta ta dabbobi ta Virginia, duk wanda ya hana dabba abinci, abin sha, matsuguni ko maganin gaggawa na dabbobi ya aikata laifin aikata laifi na Aji 1. Duk da haka, wasu jihohi, kamar California da New Hampshire, na iya samar da tanadin manyan laifuka don hana dabba samun abinci, abin sha, da matsuguni. [1] [2] A Colorado, babban laifi ne na aji 6 bayan an yanke masa hukunci na biyu ko kuma daga baya na cin zarafin dabbobi. [3] A Maine, mutumin da ya aikata laifin cin zarafin dabbobi zai iya fuskantar tuhume-tuhume na laifi ko na farar hula bisa ga shawarar lauyan jihar. [4] == Manazarta == kaiacwhisb5baq5s2zekiwxgu52wc8l 0 159105 862968 2026-06-21T12:57:36Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359540614|Hoarder house]]" 862968 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Garbagehouse.JPG|alt=Hoarder House|thumb|245x245px|Gidan ajiyar kaya]] hoarder house , ko "gidan shara", kalma ce a [[Japan]] ga gini (galibi zama) ko wani yanki da ba a yi nufin ya zama wurin zubar shara ba, amma inda ake barin [[Tarkace|shara]] a taru. Baya ga sharar mazaunin, mazaunin na iya kawo shara daga wuraren tattara shara da ke kusa ko kuma tara shara kamar suna gudanar da kasuwancin sake amfani da shara . Daga mahangar tabin hankali, [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|tara abubuwa ta hanyar tilastawa]] (yawanci adana abubuwa ba tare da amfani da su ba) ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin wani hali mara kyau da ake kira obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frost |first=Randy |last2=Hartl |first2=Tamara |date=1996 |title=A cognitive-behavioral model of compulsive hoarding |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=341–350 |doi=10.1016/0005-7967(95)00071-2 |pmid=8871366}}</ref> A cikin 2013, ''Littafin Bincike da Ƙididdiga na Cututtukan Hankali Sigar 5 ,'' wanda Ƙungiyar Masu Ciwon Hauka ta Amurka ta buga, ya bayyana "cutar ajiyar kaya" a matsayin sabuwar cuta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mima |first=Tatsuya |date=2017-09-05 |title=「ゴミ屋敷」や「だらしなさ」は病気か？ なんでも医療化の功罪 |trans-title=Are a garbage house and sloppiness diseases? The merits and demerits of medicalization of everything |url=https://gendai.media/articles/-/52534 |access-date=October 10, 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-22 |title=その収集癖「ためこみ症」かも？ 若年で発症、加齢でごみ屋敷も |trans-title=Could your collecting habit be hoarding syndrome? Onset at a young age and garbage hoarding with aging |url=https://www.nishinippon.co.jp/item/n/512095/ |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Nishinippon Shimbun}}</ref> Ana ɗaukarta a matsayin matsala saboda lalacewar da take yi wa mazauna kusa da wurin saboda ƙamshi mai ƙamshi, beraye, da kwari (musamman kwari), da kuma yadda take fuskantar laifuka kamar gobara da ƙonewa . Saboda haka, an ruwaito ta a matsayin matsala ta zamantakewa, galibi a manyan shirye-shirye da shirye-shiryen labarai a tashoshin talabijin na kasuwanci . == Yanayin gabaɗaya == A cikin rahotannin da aka fi samu, yawancin mutanen da ke gina waɗannan gidajen ajiyar kaya su ne masu mallakar filaye da gidaje, wasu ma masu kuɗi ne waɗanda ke da gidaje da yawa a kusa. Da yawa tsofaffi ne kuma suna zaune su kaɗai, suna aure amma suna zaune daban, ko kuma zawarawa. Ba tare da sani ko abokai ba, waɗanda suka rabu da dangi, an keɓe su gaba ɗaya daga al'ummar yankin. Irin wannan keɓewar zamantakewa ana ɗaukarta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙirƙirar gidajen ajiyar kaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=社会的孤立・孤独 |trans-title=Social isolation and solitude |url=https://fukuoka-shakyo.or.jp/koritsu.html |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Fukuoka City Council of Social Welfare}}</ref> Da zarar ginin ya lalace ya zama gidan ajiya, zai zama da wahala ga mazauna su tsaftace da kansu, wanda hakan ke haifar da mummunan zagaye wanda ke ƙara ta'azzara akan lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-05 |title=もう悩まないで！ ゴミ屋敷の片付け方、8ステップ |trans-title=Worry no more! 8 Steps on how to clean up hoarder houses |url=https://taskle.jp/media/articles/149 |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=TASKLE {{!}} Living Worries Resolving Site}}</ref> Ko da ga abubuwan da galibi ake ɗauka a matsayin shara, akwai haƙƙin mallakar doka. Ko da wani abu ya bayyana kamar shara ga wani ɓangare na uku, yana da wuya maƙwabta ko gwamnati su shiga tsakani su cire shi da ƙarfi lokacin da mai shi ya yi iƙirarin cewa ba haka ba ne. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2017-11-06 |title=ごみ屋敷と向き合う＜上＞立ちはだかる壁 所有の権利、踏み込めず |trans-title=Facing the hoarder house <Vol. 1> The wall that stands in the way: Property ownership rights unable to step in |url=https://www.chugoku-np.co.jp/articles/-/34228 |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Chugoku Shimbun Digital}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, idan aka yi la'akari da kadarorin mutum, shiga ba tare da wani dalili mai inganci ba ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin kutse ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, wanda hakan ke sa matsalar ta fi wahalar warwarewa. [[Fayil:散らかっている部屋.jpg|thumb|251x251px|Ɗakin Hoarder]] Wani lamari kuma ya faru ne lokacin da maƙwabta suka riƙa zubar da shara ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu ko kadarorin gidaje waɗanda aka bar su ba tare da kowa a cikinsu ba na tsawon lokaci, yayin da mai shi ya yi sakaci ba tare da ɗaukar matakan mayar da martani ba. A wannan yanayin, laifin zai kasance akan rashin ɗabi'a da kuma rashin ɗabi'un mazauna unguwa (wataƙila wasu kaɗan ne) maimakon mai gidan mai tara kaya. == Martani daga kowace karamar hukuma == [[Fayil:Waste_disposal_and_the_drainage_canals.jpg|thumb|307x307px|Zubar da shara]] Idan kasancewar gidan ajiyar kaya yana kawo cikas ga walwalar jama'a, ana iya cire sharar da ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin dokokin da ƙa'idoji. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2017-11-06 |title=ごみ屋敷と向き合う＜上＞立ちはだかる壁 所有の権利、踏み込めず |trans-title=Facing the hoarder house <Vol. 1> The wall that stands in the way: Property ownership rights unable to step in |url=https://www.chugoku-np.co.jp/articles/-/34228 |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Chugoku Shimbun Digital}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.chugoku-np.co.jp/articles/-/34228 "ごみ屋敷と向き合う＜上＞立ちはだかる壁 所有の権利、踏み込めず"] &#x5B;Facing the hoarder house <Vol. 1> The wall that stands in the way: Property ownership rights unable to step in&#x5D;. ''Chugoku Shimbun Digital''. 2017-11-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> Dangane da wannan yiwuwar, ƙara yawan ƙananan hukumomi suna aiwatar da nasu dokokin. <ref name=":0" /> Duk da haka, kaɗan ne suka aiwatar da cire shara ta hanyar tilastawa gwamnati, ko kuma tilasta wa mutane yin hakan . <ref name=":0" /> A wani lamari da ya faru a shekarar 2008 a birnin Mishima, gundumar Shizuoka, gwamnati ta shiga tsakani da hujjar Dokar Hana Cin Zarafin Tsofaffi saboda ba a san lafiyar wata tsohuwa da ke zaune a wurin ba. A birnin Beppu, gundumar Oita, akwai misali na shirin tallafawa inganta muhallin rayuwa wanda ke da rufin dala 332 (yen 50,000). An kafa dokoki da ke buƙatar masu gidaje su biya kuɗin cire shara a Suginami, Ota, da Arakawa Ward na Tokyo . Suginami Ward, Ota Ward, da Arakawa Ward sun kafa dokoki da ke buƙatar masu gidaje su biya kuɗin cire shara da aka tilasta musu. Bugu da ƙari, Adachi Ward da ke Tokyo na cikin shirin zartar da doka wadda za ta ba wa unguwar damar ɗaukar har zuwa dala 6,700 (yen miliyan 1) idan mai gidan ba zai iya biyan kuɗin cire shara ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-09-12 |title=足立区 撤去費用を負担「ごみ屋敷」解消 支援条例制定へ |trans-title=Adachi Ward to enact an ordinance to support the elimination of hoarder houses by paying for removal costs |url=http://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/national/news/CK2012102302000116.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025152704/http://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/national/news/CK2012102302000116.html |archive-date=2012-10-25 |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Tokyo Shimbun}}</ref> Duk da haka, ba kasafai ake samun ƙananan hukumomi a Japan su tallafa wa kuɗin cire shara ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=足立区「ごみ屋敷」対策条例案決まる 成立すれば23区初 |trans-title=Adachi Ward hoarder house countermeasure ordinance draft decided, First in 23 Wards if approved |url=http://sankei.jp.msn.com/region/news/120912/tky12091221020004-n1.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913134256/http://sankei.jp.msn.com/region/news/120912/tky12091221020004-n1.htm |archive-date=2012-09-13 |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Sankei Shimbun}}</ref> A cewar binciken ''Mainichi Shimbun'' da aka ruwaito a cikin bugunsa na ranar 23 ga Oktoba, 2016, daga cikin jimillar birane 74 da gundumomi 23 na Tokyo, ƙananan hukumomi 16 ne kawai (16%) suka zartar da dokoki kan mu'amala da gidajen ajiyar kaya. Masana sun nuna cewa ya kamata gwamnatin Japan ta ɗauki matakai kan gidajen ajiyar kaya maimakon barin su ga gwamnatocin ƙananan hukumomi, domin ƙirƙirar gidajen ajiyar kaya na iya faruwa ga kowa, ba ga tsofaffi kawai ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-23 |title=ごみ屋敷 条例ありは１６％ 大半高齢者、主要市区調査 |trans-title=Hoarder houses: According to major city surveys, 16% responds in favor of enacting the ordinance. Most of the hoarders are elders |url=https://mainichi.jp/articles/20161023/k00/00m/040/102000c |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Mainichi Shimbun}}</ref> [[Fayil:大津市指定のゴミ袋に入ったゴミ.jpg|thumb|192x192px|Shara]] A watan Nuwamba na 2014, birnin Kyoto ya zartar da "Dokar Birnin Kyoto kan Tallafi da Matakai don Kawar da Muhalli Masu Lalacewa," kuma a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, 2015, birnin ya kwashe shara da aka tara a gaban ƙofar gidan wani mutum mai shekaru 50 ta hanyar ƙarƙashin ikon gudanarwa. [1] Wannan shi ne karo na farko a Japan da aka tilasta cire shara da aka bari a kan kadarorin masu zaman kansu. Dalilin cire sharar da ke kan hanyar shiga gaban ƙofar ya kasance kusan 2 metres (6 ft 7 in), kamar yadda aka yi hukunci cewa zai hana mazauna da ke zaune a baya wucewa kuma yana iya barazana ga rayuwarsu yayin ƙaura ko jigilar gaggawa ta likita. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ov6suhcco5b9zm3bg67zen0sjxspagi 862970 862968 2026-06-21T12:57:54Z Sardeeq 39275 862970 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Garbagehouse.JPG|alt=Hoarder House|thumb|245x245px|Gidan ajiyar kaya]] hoarder house , ko "gidan shara", kalma ce a [[Japan]] ga gini (galibi zama) ko wani yanki da ba a yi nufin ya zama wurin zubar shara ba, amma inda ake barin [[Tarkace|shara]] a taru. Baya ga sharar mazaunin, mazaunin na iya kawo shara daga wuraren tattara shara da ke kusa ko kuma tara shara kamar suna gudanar da kasuwancin sake amfani da shara . Daga mahangar tabin hankali, [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|tara abubuwa ta hanyar tilastawa]] (yawanci adana abubuwa ba tare da amfani da su ba) ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin wani hali mara kyau da ake kira obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frost |first=Randy |last2=Hartl |first2=Tamara |date=1996 |title=A cognitive-behavioral model of compulsive hoarding |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=341–350 |doi=10.1016/0005-7967(95)00071-2 |pmid=8871366}}</ref> A cikin 2013, ''Littafin Bincike da Ƙididdiga na Cututtukan Hankali Sigar 5 ,'' wanda Ƙungiyar Masu Ciwon Hauka ta Amurka ta buga, ya bayyana "cutar ajiyar kaya" a matsayin sabuwar cuta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mima |first=Tatsuya |date=2017-09-05 |title=「ゴミ屋敷」や「だらしなさ」は病気か？ なんでも医療化の功罪 |trans-title=Are a garbage house and sloppiness diseases? The merits and demerits of medicalization of everything |url=https://gendai.media/articles/-/52534 |access-date=October 10, 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-22 |title=その収集癖「ためこみ症」かも？ 若年で発症、加齢でごみ屋敷も |trans-title=Could your collecting habit be hoarding syndrome? Onset at a young age and garbage hoarding with aging |url=https://www.nishinippon.co.jp/item/n/512095/ |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Nishinippon Shimbun}}</ref> Ana ɗaukarta a matsayin matsala saboda lalacewar da take yi wa mazauna kusa da wurin saboda ƙamshi mai ƙamshi, beraye, da kwari (musamman kwari), da kuma yadda take fuskantar laifuka kamar gobara da ƙonewa . Saboda haka, an ruwaito ta a matsayin matsala ta zamantakewa, galibi a manyan shirye-shirye da shirye-shiryen labarai a tashoshin talabijin na kasuwanci . == Yanayin gabaɗaya == A cikin rahotannin da aka fi samu, yawancin mutanen da ke gina waɗannan gidajen ajiyar kaya su ne masu mallakar filaye da gidaje, wasu ma masu kuɗi ne waɗanda ke da gidaje da yawa a kusa. Da yawa tsofaffi ne kuma suna zaune su kaɗai, suna aure amma suna zaune daban, ko kuma zawarawa. Ba tare da sani ko abokai ba, waɗanda suka rabu da dangi, an keɓe su gaba ɗaya daga al'ummar yankin. Irin wannan keɓewar zamantakewa ana ɗaukarta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙirƙirar gidajen ajiyar kaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=社会的孤立・孤独 |trans-title=Social isolation and solitude |url=https://fukuoka-shakyo.or.jp/koritsu.html |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Fukuoka City Council of Social Welfare}}</ref> Da zarar ginin ya lalace ya zama gidan ajiya, zai zama da wahala ga mazauna su tsaftace da kansu, wanda hakan ke haifar da mummunan zagaye wanda ke ƙara ta'azzara akan lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-05 |title=もう悩まないで！ ゴミ屋敷の片付け方、8ステップ |trans-title=Worry no more! 8 Steps on how to clean up hoarder houses |url=https://taskle.jp/media/articles/149 |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=TASKLE {{!}} Living Worries Resolving Site}}</ref> Ko da ga abubuwan da galibi ake ɗauka a matsayin shara, akwai haƙƙin mallakar doka. Ko da wani abu ya bayyana kamar shara ga wani ɓangare na uku, yana da wuya maƙwabta ko gwamnati su shiga tsakani su cire shi da ƙarfi lokacin da mai shi ya yi iƙirarin cewa ba haka ba ne. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2017-11-06 |title=ごみ屋敷と向き合う＜上＞立ちはだかる壁 所有の権利、踏み込めず |trans-title=Facing the hoarder house <Vol. 1> The wall that stands in the way: Property ownership rights unable to step in |url=https://www.chugoku-np.co.jp/articles/-/34228 |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Chugoku Shimbun Digital}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, idan aka yi la'akari da kadarorin mutum, shiga ba tare da wani dalili mai inganci ba ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin kutse ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, wanda hakan ke sa matsalar ta fi wahalar warwarewa. [[Fayil:散らかっている部屋.jpg|thumb|251x251px|Ɗakin Hoarder]] Wani lamari kuma ya faru ne lokacin da maƙwabta suka riƙa zubar da shara ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu ko kadarorin gidaje waɗanda aka bar su ba tare da kowa a cikinsu ba na tsawon lokaci, yayin da mai shi ya yi sakaci ba tare da ɗaukar matakan mayar da martani ba. A wannan yanayin, laifin zai kasance akan rashin ɗabi'a da kuma rashin ɗabi'un mazauna unguwa (wataƙila wasu kaɗan ne) maimakon mai gidan mai tara kaya. == Martani daga kowace karamar hukuma == [[Fayil:Waste_disposal_and_the_drainage_canals.jpg|thumb|307x307px|Zubar da shara]] Idan kasancewar gidan ajiyar kaya yana kawo cikas ga walwalar jama'a, ana iya cire sharar da ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin dokokin da ƙa'idoji. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2017-11-06 |title=ごみ屋敷と向き合う＜上＞立ちはだかる壁 所有の権利、踏み込めず |trans-title=Facing the hoarder house <Vol. 1> The wall that stands in the way: Property ownership rights unable to step in |url=https://www.chugoku-np.co.jp/articles/-/34228 |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Chugoku Shimbun Digital}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.chugoku-np.co.jp/articles/-/34228 "ごみ屋敷と向き合う＜上＞立ちはだかる壁 所有の権利、踏み込めず"] &#x5B;Facing the hoarder house <Vol. 1> The wall that stands in the way: Property ownership rights unable to step in&#x5D;. ''Chugoku Shimbun Digital''. 2017-11-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> Dangane da wannan yiwuwar, ƙara yawan ƙananan hukumomi suna aiwatar da nasu dokokin. <ref name=":0" /> Duk da haka, kaɗan ne suka aiwatar da cire shara ta hanyar tilastawa gwamnati, ko kuma tilasta wa mutane yin hakan . <ref name=":0" /> A wani lamari da ya faru a shekarar 2008 a birnin Mishima, gundumar Shizuoka, gwamnati ta shiga tsakani da hujjar Dokar Hana Cin Zarafin Tsofaffi saboda ba a san lafiyar wata tsohuwa da ke zaune a wurin ba. A birnin Beppu, gundumar Oita, akwai misali na shirin tallafawa inganta muhallin rayuwa wanda ke da rufin dala 332 (yen 50,000). An kafa dokoki da ke buƙatar masu gidaje su biya kuɗin cire shara a Suginami, Ota, da Arakawa Ward na Tokyo . Suginami Ward, Ota Ward, da Arakawa Ward sun kafa dokoki da ke buƙatar masu gidaje su biya kuɗin cire shara da aka tilasta musu. Bugu da ƙari, Adachi Ward da ke Tokyo na cikin shirin zartar da doka wadda za ta ba wa unguwar damar ɗaukar har zuwa dala 6,700 (yen miliyan 1) idan mai gidan ba zai iya biyan kuɗin cire shara ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-09-12 |title=足立区 撤去費用を負担「ごみ屋敷」解消 支援条例制定へ |trans-title=Adachi Ward to enact an ordinance to support the elimination of hoarder houses by paying for removal costs |url=http://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/national/news/CK2012102302000116.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025152704/http://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/national/news/CK2012102302000116.html |archive-date=2012-10-25 |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Tokyo Shimbun}}</ref> Duk da haka, ba kasafai ake samun ƙananan hukumomi a Japan su tallafa wa kuɗin cire shara ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=足立区「ごみ屋敷」対策条例案決まる 成立すれば23区初 |trans-title=Adachi Ward hoarder house countermeasure ordinance draft decided, First in 23 Wards if approved |url=http://sankei.jp.msn.com/region/news/120912/tky12091221020004-n1.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913134256/http://sankei.jp.msn.com/region/news/120912/tky12091221020004-n1.htm |archive-date=2012-09-13 |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Sankei Shimbun}}</ref> A cewar binciken ''Mainichi Shimbun'' da aka ruwaito a cikin bugunsa na ranar 23 ga Oktoba, 2016, daga cikin jimillar birane 74 da gundumomi 23 na Tokyo, ƙananan hukumomi 16 ne kawai (16%) suka zartar da dokoki kan mu'amala da gidajen ajiyar kaya. Masana sun nuna cewa ya kamata gwamnatin Japan ta ɗauki matakai kan gidajen ajiyar kaya maimakon barin su ga gwamnatocin ƙananan hukumomi, domin ƙirƙirar gidajen ajiyar kaya na iya faruwa ga kowa, ba ga tsofaffi kawai ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-23 |title=ごみ屋敷 条例ありは１６％ 大半高齢者、主要市区調査 |trans-title=Hoarder houses: According to major city surveys, 16% responds in favor of enacting the ordinance. Most of the hoarders are elders |url=https://mainichi.jp/articles/20161023/k00/00m/040/102000c |access-date=October 10, 2022 |website=Mainichi Shimbun}}</ref> [[Fayil:大津市指定のゴミ袋に入ったゴミ.jpg|thumb|192x192px|Shara]] A watan Nuwamba na 2014, birnin Kyoto ya zartar da "Dokar Birnin Kyoto kan Tallafi da Matakai don Kawar da Muhalli Masu Lalacewa," kuma a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, 2015, birnin ya kwashe shara da aka tara a gaban ƙofar gidan wani mutum mai shekaru 50 ta hanyar ƙarƙashin ikon gudanarwa. [1] Wannan shi ne karo na farko a Japan da aka tilasta cire shara da aka bari a kan kadarorin masu zaman kansu. Dalilin cire sharar da ke kan hanyar shiga gaban ƙofar ya kasance kusan 2 metres (6 ft 7 in), kamar yadda aka yi hukunci cewa zai hana mazauna da ke zaune a baya wucewa kuma yana iya barazana ga rayuwarsu yayin ƙaura ko jigilar gaggawa ta likita. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] s9pez35zl0wgyhnuyrpj5wcc4l4ifg4 0 159106 862984 2026-06-21T13:02:18Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358715316|Hoarding]]" 862984 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Tape_hoarding_kills_home_taping_(1).jpg|thumb|300x300px|Tara tef]] '''Ajiye kuɗi''' aiki ne na shiga cikin yawan sayen abubuwan da ba a buƙata ko kuma waɗanda babu sarari a kansu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding disorder - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hoarding-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20356056 |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Ajiye kuɗi ana iya bayyana shi a matsayin tattarawa da riƙe wasu abubuwa marasa yawa. Wasu abubuwan da aka saba tara sun haɗa da tsabar kuɗi da ake ɗauka suna da ƙima ta asali, kamar waɗanda aka ƙera a azurfa, ko zinariya, da kuma abubuwan da aka tara, kayan ado, ƙarfe masu daraja <ref>{{Cite web |last=Palmer |first=Barclay |title=A Beginner's Guide to Precious Metals |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/basics/09/precious-metals-gold-silver-platinum.asp |access-date=2020-11-09 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref> da sauran kayan alatu. [[Fayil:Rationing_Means_a_Fair_Share_for_All_of_Us.jpg|alt=A cartoon of two women with the above panel having a woman hoarding and the below panel having the two share resources via rationing|thumb|Wani fosta mai hana ajiyar kuɗi da rarrabawa daga Amurka a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] == Tarihi == Labarin tattara kayan tarihi na farko da aka rubuta shi ne a gidan Collyer da 'yan'uwan Homer da Langley suka gina a shekarar 1947, a birnin New York. Gidansu ya zama abin jan hankali a shekarar 1938 saboda yawan tarin kayan tarihi da aka samu a gidansu bayan mutuwarsu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=PDF.js viewer |url=https://library.oapen.org/viewer/web/viewer.html?file=/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/62022/9781501752810.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=library.oapen.org}}</ref> == Damuwa == [[Fayil:Compulsive_hoarding_Apartment.jpg|thumb|Gidan mai tara kuɗi na tilas]] Mutanen da suka cika sharuddan ganewar asali na [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|matsalar tarin abubuwa]] suna fuskantar [[Anxiety|damuwa]] ko rashin jin daɗi game da zubar da kayan da ba sa buƙata. Wannan rashin jin daɗi ya samo asali ne daga sha'awar motsin rai ga dukiya da kuma imani mai ƙarfi cewa za a buƙaci kayansu a nan gaba. Mallaka zai ɗauki ƙimar motsin rai wanda ya fi ƙimar aikinsu. Wannan ba ya bambanta da wanda ba shi da matsalar tarin abubuwa; bambancin ya ta'allaka ne da ƙarfin wannan ƙimar motsin rai da kuma adadin abubuwan da ke ɗaukar darajar motsin rai. Saboda wannan dalili, lokacin da ake zubar da abubuwa, masu tattara abubuwa na iya jin kamar suna zubar da wani ɓangare na kansu. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frost |first=Randy |date=1995 |title=A Cognitive-Behavioral Model of Compulsive Hoarding |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=341–350 |doi=10.1016/0005-7967(95)00071-2 |pmid=8871366}}</ref> A cikin mawuyacin hali, gida na iya zama haɗarin gobara (saboda toshewar hanyoyin fita da takardu masu tarin yawa) ko kuma haɗarin lafiya (saboda kamuwa da ƙwari, najasa da tarkace daga dabbobin gida masu yawa, abinci da shara da aka tara, ko haɗarin rugujewar abubuwa a kan mazauna da toshe hanyoyin fita). Don haka, tarawa yana shafar fiye da mai kayan kawai, kamar yadda yanayin gidan da aka tara zai iya yin mummunan tasiri ga duk mazauna har ma da maƙwabta. Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da ke da matsalar tarawa na iya samun rayuwa mai kyau kamar waɗanda aka gano suna da [[Hauka|cutar schizophrenia]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Saxena |first=Sanjaya |last2=Ayers |first2=Catherine R. |last3=Maidment |first3=Karron M. |last4=Vapnik |first4=Tanya |last5=Wetherell |first5=Julie L. |last6=Bystritsky |first6=Alexander |year=2011 |title=Quality of life and functional impairment in compulsive hoarding |journal=Journal of Psychiatric Research |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=475–480 |doi=10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.08.007 |pmc=3009837 |pmid=20822778}}</ref> Daga ƙarshe, matsalar tana ƙara yawan damuwa a cikin iyali, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tolin |first=David F. |last2=Frost |first2=Randy O. |last3=Steketee |first3=Gail |last4=Fitch |first4=Kristin E. |year=2008 |title=Family burden of compulsive hoarding: Results of an internet survey |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=46 |issue=3 |pages=334–344 |doi=10.1016/j.brat.2007.12.008 |pmc=3018822 |pmid=18275935}}</ref> rashin aiki, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mathes |first=Brittany M. |last2=Henry |first2=Alastair |last3=Schmidt |first3=Norman B. |last4=Norberg |first4=Melissa M. |year=2018 |title=Hoarding symptoms and workplace impairment |journal=British Journal of Clinical Psychology |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=342–356 |doi=10.1111/bjc.12212 |pmid=30548281 |s2cid=56484725}}</ref> da kuma haɗarin mummunan yanayi na lafiya. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tolin |first=David F. |last2=Frost |first2=Randy O. |last3=Steketee |first3=Gail |last4=Gray |first4=Krista D. |last5=Fitch |first5=Kristin E. |year=2008 |title=The economic and social burden of compulsive hoarding |journal=Psychiatry Research |volume=160 |issue=2 |pages=200–211 |doi=10.1016/j.psychres.2007.08.008 |pmc=3018686 |pmid=18597855}}</ref> Matsalar ajiyar kuɗi tana farawa ne daga matsakaicin shekaru 13. <ref name=":0" /> Gabaɗaya ra'ayi shine maza da mata suna da saurin tara kuɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodriguez |first=Carolyn |date=August 2021 |title=What is Hoarding Disorder |url=https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/hoarding-disorder/what-is-hoarding-disorder#:~:text=The%20bulk%20of%20evidence%20suggests,in%20severity%20with%20each%20decade. |website=American Psychiatric Association}}</ref> Ajiye kuɗi na iya gudana a cikin iyalai, kuma yana iya yiwuwa [[Genetics|kwayoyin halitta]] suna taka rawa wajen haɓaka halayen tattara kuɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodriguez |first=Carolyn |title=Expert Q&A: Hoarding Disorder |url=https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/hoarding-disorder/expert-q-and-a#:~:text=Yes%2C%20hoarding%20disorder%20is%20more,plays%20a%20role%20as%20well. |website=American Psychiatry Association}}</ref> Hakanan, wannan ɗabi'a na iya tasowa saboda yanayin rayuwa kamar asara mai wahala, baƙin ciki da [[Tattalin arzikin duniya|matsalolin kuɗi]] waɗanda ke sa mutane su yi watsi da kayansu. A cewar ''Littafin Bincike da Lissafi na Cututtukan Hankali'', ka'idojin matsalar tarawa sun ta'allaka ne zuwa manyan abubuwa guda biyar. Na farko, mai tara kaya yana fuskantar wahalar rabuwa da kayayyaki ba tare da la'akari da darajar kayan ba. Na biyu, mai tara kaya yana jin buƙatar adana kayayyaki, kuma idan suka rabu da su, yana haifar da matsala mai tsanani. Wannan, bi da bi, yana haifar da abubuwa da suka mamaye gida har zuwa lokacin da rayuwa ta lalace kuma ba za a iya amfani da ɗakuna don manufofin da aka nufa ba. Idan gidan bai faɗa cikin irin wannan yanayi ba, to kawai saboda ɓangarorin waje ne suka shiga tsakani. Na huɗu, tarin kaya ya lalata rayuwar mai tara kaya ta wata hanya mai mahimmanci ta asibiti, gami da rashin iya kula da yanayin rayuwa mai aminci. Na biyar, ana bayar da ganewar cutar ne kawai idan wani ganewar cutar ta hankali bai dace da kyau ba kuma babu wani dalili na ilimin halittar jiki don bayyana tarin kaya. Don samun cikakken bayani game da ka'idojin ganewar cutar, ''Littafin Bincike da Lissafi na Cututtukan Hankali'' yana samuwa ga jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |title=DSM-5 Hoarding Disorder Criteria |url=https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787.x06_Obsessive_Compulsive_and_Related_Disorders |doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787.x06_Obsessive_Compulsive_and_Related_Disorders}}</ref> A cikin DSM-IV, an jera tarin abubuwa a matsayin alamar matsalar rashin lafiyar halayen mutum mai yawan damuwa da kuma matsalar rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa ; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding Disorder: DSM-5 Criteria, Clinical Features, Epidemiology, and Comorbidities |url=https://psychopharmacologyinstitute.com/section/hoarding-disorder-dsm-5-criteria-clinical-features-epidemiology-and-comorbidities-2576-4959 |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=psychopharmacologyinstitute.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding disorder: a new obsessive-compulsive related disorder in DSM-5 |url=https://old.jpsychopathol.it/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/08_Art_ORIGINALE_Albert1.pdf |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=old.jpsychopathol.it}}</ref> duk da haka, an gano cewa tarin abubuwa yana da alaƙa mai rauni da OCD ko OCPD idan aka kwatanta da sauran alamun. Saboda haka, an sanya tarin abubuwa a cikin DSM-5 a matsayin wata cuta daban. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Grisham |first=J. R. |last2=Norberg |first2=M. M. |date=2010 |title=Compulsive hoarding: Current controversies and new directions |journal=Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=233–240 |doi=10.31887/DCNS.2010.12.2/jgrisham |pmc=3181962 |pmid=20623927}}</ref> Duk da haka, ana samun tarin abubuwa tare da OCD. An gano cewa marasa lafiya da OCD waɗanda ke nuna alamun tarin abubuwa suna nuna wani nau'in tarin abubuwa, inda suka fi iya tara "abubuwa masu ban mamaki" kuma suna yin al'adun tilastawa da ke da alaƙa da halayen tarin abubuwa, kamar al'adun duba abubuwa ko al'adun da dole ne a kammala su kafin a jefar da su. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pertusa |first=A. |last2=Fullana |first2=M. A. |last3=Singh |first3=S. |last4=Alonso |first4=P. |last5=Menchón |first5=J. M. |last6=Mataix-Cols |first6=D. |date=2008 |title=Compulsive hoarding: OCD symptom, distinct clinical syndrome, or both? |journal=The American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=165 |issue=10 |pages=1289–1298 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07111730 |pmid=18483134}}</ref> Kimanin kashi 2.6% na al'umma suna fama da matsalar tarin abubuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 November 2024 |title=From Clutter to Crisis: Recognizing the Levels of Hoarding Behavior |url=https://www.traumaservices.com/blog/recognizing-the-levels-of-hoarding/ |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=www.traumaservices.com}}</ref> kodayake wasu bincike sun nuna cewa yawan mutanen da ke rayuwa a tsawon rayuwarsu na iya kaiwa har zuwa kashi 14%. Yawan kamuwa da cutar tarin abubuwa yana ƙaruwa sosai yayin da shekaru suka yi yawa, kuma mutanen da suka haura shekaru 54 suna da yuwuwar cika sharuddan matsalar tarin abubuwa sau uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2024 |title=Hoarding concerns rise as America ages |url=https://www.axios.com/2024/07/02/hoarding-americans-aging-senate-report |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=www.axios.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 January 2020 |title=Hoarding As a Mental Health Disorder |url=https://facty.com/conditions/mental-health/hoarding-as-a-mental-health-disorder/ |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=facty.com}}</ref> Duk da haka, alamun tarin abubuwa galibi suna bayyana a farkon ƙuruciya kuma suna ƙaruwa zuwa manyan matakai a asibiti a tsakiyar shekaru. Fiye da rabin mutanen da ke fama da tarin abubuwa sun ba da rahoton cewa fara tarin abubuwa yana da alaƙa da wani mummunan lamari na rayuwa, kuma a cikin wannan rukunin, shekarun fara tarin abubuwa ya fi yawa. Nazarin cututtuka ya nuna cewa yawan tarin abubuwa ya ninka na maza sau biyu, kodayake ana gudanar da nazarin asibiti kan yanayin tarin abubuwa galibi ga mata. Wannan yana nuna cewa ba a yin nazari sosai kan masu tattara abubuwa maza kuma ba sa samun isasshen magani. A cewar wasu bincike <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burgess |first=Alexandra M. |last2=Graves |first2=Lucy M. |last3=Frost |first3=Randy O. |date=June 2018 |title=My possessions need me: Anthropomorphism and hoarding |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sjop.12441 |journal=Scandinavian Journal of Psychology |language=en |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=340–348 |doi=10.1111/sjop.12441 |issn=0036-5564 |pmid=29608213 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>, an danganta ilimin ɗan adam, ko kuma sha'awar danganta halayen ɗan adam ga abubuwan da ba na ɗan adam ba, da tarawa. Bugu da ƙari, binciken ya nuna cewa matasa suna da ƙwarewa da halaye masu yawa na tarawa da kuma halayyar ɗan adam, kuma mata sun nuna halaye masu ƙarfi na farko na ɗan adam idan aka kwatanta da maza. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Neave |first=Nick |last2=Jackson |first2=Rachel |last3=Saxton |first3=Tamsin |last4=Hönekopp |first4=Johannes |date=2015-01-01 |title=The influence of anthropomorphic tendencies on human hoarding behaviours |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886914004863 |journal=Personality and Individual Differences |volume=72 |pages=214–219 |doi=10.1016/j.paid.2014.08.041 |issn=0191-8869 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> === Magani === Babu wani magani da Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta amince da shi a halin yanzu don magance alamun tarin abubuwa. Duk da cewa, wasu magunguna, kamar masu hana serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) da masu hana serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), ana iya amfani da su ba tare da laƙabi ba ga mutanen da aka gano suna da matsalar tarin abubuwa. [1] Babban maganin matsalar tattarawa shine ilimin halayyar ɗan adam. Musamman ma, ana ɗaukar maganin halayyar fahimta a matsayin ma'aunin zinare don magance matsalar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gilliam |first=Christina M. |last2=Norberg |first2=Melissa M. |last3=Villavicencio |first3=Anna |last4=Morrison |first4=Samantha |last5=Hannan |first5=Scott E. |last6=Tolin |first6=David F. |year=2011 |title=Group cognitive-behavioral therapy for hoarding disorder: An open trial |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=49 |issue=11 |pages=802–807 |doi=10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.008 |pmid=21925643}}</ref> == A cikin adabi == A cikin Barkwancin Allah, an nuna waɗanda ke tara kuɗi a matsayin masu zunubi da aka kulle a cikin yaƙi na har abada da masu ɓarna. Pluto (tsohon allahn dukiya yanzu ya zama aljani kuma yana magana da zamba), dole ne su tura manyan duwatsu (wato kuɗi) zuwa akasin haka. Duk lokacin da layukan masu zunubi biyu suka haɗu, suna zargin junansu da zagin juna. An hukunta masu tara kuɗi da masu ɓarna zuwa Jahannama saboda rashin iya yin adalci da kuɗi. [1] A cikin wasan kwaikwayo na [[William Shakespeare]] ''mai suna Coriolanus'', Caius Marcius da mabiyansa suna tara hatsi, suna raba shi ne kawai da waɗanda suka ga sun cancanta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Chang |first=Ryan |date=November 14, 2022 |title=Historical Portrayal of Hoarding Disorder in European Literature and Its Relationship to the Economic and Personal Circumstances of the Authors |journal=Cureus |volume=14 |issue=11 |doi=10.7759/cureus.31025 |pmc=9629820 |pmid=36349076 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Tarawa * [[Tara kuɗi ta dijital]] * Hoard (ilimin kayan tarihi) * Tara kuɗi (tattalin arziki) * Siyan tsoro * Plyushkin, wani kamfani na Rasha mai tatsuniyoyi, wanda bayan haka wani lokacin ana kiransa da "cutar Plyushkin" * Ilimin halin dan Adam na tattarawa * Tara (halayyar dabba) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hhx1uyudkqz9umbo8omag3bk3rxvh33 862985 862984 2026-06-21T13:02:36Z Sardeeq 39275 862985 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Tape_hoarding_kills_home_taping_(1).jpg|thumb|300x300px|Tara tef]] '''Ajiye kuɗi''' aiki ne na shiga cikin yawan sayen abubuwan da ba a buƙata ko kuma waɗanda babu sarari a kansu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding disorder - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hoarding-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20356056 |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Ajiye kuɗi ana iya bayyana shi a matsayin tattarawa da riƙe wasu abubuwa marasa yawa. Wasu abubuwan da aka saba tara sun haɗa da tsabar kuɗi da ake ɗauka suna da ƙima ta asali, kamar waɗanda aka ƙera a azurfa, ko zinariya, da kuma abubuwan da aka tara, kayan ado, ƙarfe masu daraja <ref>{{Cite web |last=Palmer |first=Barclay |title=A Beginner's Guide to Precious Metals |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/basics/09/precious-metals-gold-silver-platinum.asp |access-date=2020-11-09 |website=Investopedia |language=en}}</ref> da sauran kayan alatu. [[Fayil:Rationing_Means_a_Fair_Share_for_All_of_Us.jpg|alt=A cartoon of two women with the above panel having a woman hoarding and the below panel having the two share resources via rationing|thumb|Wani fosta mai hana ajiyar kuɗi da rarrabawa daga Amurka a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] == Tarihi == Labarin tattara kayan tarihi na farko da aka rubuta shi ne a gidan Collyer da 'yan'uwan Homer da Langley suka gina a shekarar 1947, a birnin New York. Gidansu ya zama abin jan hankali a shekarar 1938 saboda yawan tarin kayan tarihi da aka samu a gidansu bayan mutuwarsu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=PDF.js viewer |url=https://library.oapen.org/viewer/web/viewer.html?file=/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/62022/9781501752810.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=library.oapen.org}}</ref> == Damuwa == [[Fayil:Compulsive_hoarding_Apartment.jpg|thumb|Gidan mai tara kuɗi na tilas]] Mutanen da suka cika sharuddan ganewar asali na [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|matsalar tarin abubuwa]] suna fuskantar [[Anxiety|damuwa]] ko rashin jin daɗi game da zubar da kayan da ba sa buƙata. Wannan rashin jin daɗi ya samo asali ne daga sha'awar motsin rai ga dukiya da kuma imani mai ƙarfi cewa za a buƙaci kayansu a nan gaba. Mallaka zai ɗauki ƙimar motsin rai wanda ya fi ƙimar aikinsu. Wannan ba ya bambanta da wanda ba shi da matsalar tarin abubuwa; bambancin ya ta'allaka ne da ƙarfin wannan ƙimar motsin rai da kuma adadin abubuwan da ke ɗaukar darajar motsin rai. Saboda wannan dalili, lokacin da ake zubar da abubuwa, masu tattara abubuwa na iya jin kamar suna zubar da wani ɓangare na kansu. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frost |first=Randy |date=1995 |title=A Cognitive-Behavioral Model of Compulsive Hoarding |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=341–350 |doi=10.1016/0005-7967(95)00071-2 |pmid=8871366}}</ref> A cikin mawuyacin hali, gida na iya zama haɗarin gobara (saboda toshewar hanyoyin fita da takardu masu tarin yawa) ko kuma haɗarin lafiya (saboda kamuwa da ƙwari, najasa da tarkace daga dabbobin gida masu yawa, abinci da shara da aka tara, ko haɗarin rugujewar abubuwa a kan mazauna da toshe hanyoyin fita). Don haka, tarawa yana shafar fiye da mai kayan kawai, kamar yadda yanayin gidan da aka tara zai iya yin mummunan tasiri ga duk mazauna har ma da maƙwabta. Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da ke da matsalar tarawa na iya samun rayuwa mai kyau kamar waɗanda aka gano suna da [[Hauka|cutar schizophrenia]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Saxena |first=Sanjaya |last2=Ayers |first2=Catherine R. |last3=Maidment |first3=Karron M. |last4=Vapnik |first4=Tanya |last5=Wetherell |first5=Julie L. |last6=Bystritsky |first6=Alexander |year=2011 |title=Quality of life and functional impairment in compulsive hoarding |journal=Journal of Psychiatric Research |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=475–480 |doi=10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.08.007 |pmc=3009837 |pmid=20822778}}</ref> Daga ƙarshe, matsalar tana ƙara yawan damuwa a cikin iyali, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tolin |first=David F. |last2=Frost |first2=Randy O. |last3=Steketee |first3=Gail |last4=Fitch |first4=Kristin E. |year=2008 |title=Family burden of compulsive hoarding: Results of an internet survey |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=46 |issue=3 |pages=334–344 |doi=10.1016/j.brat.2007.12.008 |pmc=3018822 |pmid=18275935}}</ref> rashin aiki, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mathes |first=Brittany M. |last2=Henry |first2=Alastair |last3=Schmidt |first3=Norman B. |last4=Norberg |first4=Melissa M. |year=2018 |title=Hoarding symptoms and workplace impairment |journal=British Journal of Clinical Psychology |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=342–356 |doi=10.1111/bjc.12212 |pmid=30548281 |s2cid=56484725}}</ref> da kuma haɗarin mummunan yanayi na lafiya. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tolin |first=David F. |last2=Frost |first2=Randy O. |last3=Steketee |first3=Gail |last4=Gray |first4=Krista D. |last5=Fitch |first5=Kristin E. |year=2008 |title=The economic and social burden of compulsive hoarding |journal=Psychiatry Research |volume=160 |issue=2 |pages=200–211 |doi=10.1016/j.psychres.2007.08.008 |pmc=3018686 |pmid=18597855}}</ref> Matsalar ajiyar kuɗi tana farawa ne daga matsakaicin shekaru 13. <ref name=":0" /> Gabaɗaya ra'ayi shine maza da mata suna da saurin tara kuɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodriguez |first=Carolyn |date=August 2021 |title=What is Hoarding Disorder |url=https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/hoarding-disorder/what-is-hoarding-disorder#:~:text=The%20bulk%20of%20evidence%20suggests,in%20severity%20with%20each%20decade. |website=American Psychiatric Association}}</ref> Ajiye kuɗi na iya gudana a cikin iyalai, kuma yana iya yiwuwa [[Genetics|kwayoyin halitta]] suna taka rawa wajen haɓaka halayen tattara kuɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodriguez |first=Carolyn |title=Expert Q&A: Hoarding Disorder |url=https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/hoarding-disorder/expert-q-and-a#:~:text=Yes%2C%20hoarding%20disorder%20is%20more,plays%20a%20role%20as%20well. |website=American Psychiatry Association}}</ref> Hakanan, wannan ɗabi'a na iya tasowa saboda yanayin rayuwa kamar asara mai wahala, baƙin ciki da [[Tattalin arzikin duniya|matsalolin kuɗi]] waɗanda ke sa mutane su yi watsi da kayansu. A cewar ''Littafin Bincike da Lissafi na Cututtukan Hankali'', ka'idojin matsalar tarawa sun ta'allaka ne zuwa manyan abubuwa guda biyar. Na farko, mai tara kaya yana fuskantar wahalar rabuwa da kayayyaki ba tare da la'akari da darajar kayan ba. Na biyu, mai tara kaya yana jin buƙatar adana kayayyaki, kuma idan suka rabu da su, yana haifar da matsala mai tsanani. Wannan, bi da bi, yana haifar da abubuwa da suka mamaye gida har zuwa lokacin da rayuwa ta lalace kuma ba za a iya amfani da ɗakuna don manufofin da aka nufa ba. Idan gidan bai faɗa cikin irin wannan yanayi ba, to kawai saboda ɓangarorin waje ne suka shiga tsakani. Na huɗu, tarin kaya ya lalata rayuwar mai tara kaya ta wata hanya mai mahimmanci ta asibiti, gami da rashin iya kula da yanayin rayuwa mai aminci. Na biyar, ana bayar da ganewar cutar ne kawai idan wani ganewar cutar ta hankali bai dace da kyau ba kuma babu wani dalili na ilimin halittar jiki don bayyana tarin kaya. Don samun cikakken bayani game da ka'idojin ganewar cutar, ''Littafin Bincike da Lissafi na Cututtukan Hankali'' yana samuwa ga jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |title=DSM-5 Hoarding Disorder Criteria |url=https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787.x06_Obsessive_Compulsive_and_Related_Disorders |doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787.x06_Obsessive_Compulsive_and_Related_Disorders}}</ref> A cikin DSM-IV, an jera tarin abubuwa a matsayin alamar matsalar rashin lafiyar halayen mutum mai yawan damuwa da kuma matsalar rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa ; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding Disorder: DSM-5 Criteria, Clinical Features, Epidemiology, and Comorbidities |url=https://psychopharmacologyinstitute.com/section/hoarding-disorder-dsm-5-criteria-clinical-features-epidemiology-and-comorbidities-2576-4959 |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=psychopharmacologyinstitute.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hoarding disorder: a new obsessive-compulsive related disorder in DSM-5 |url=https://old.jpsychopathol.it/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/08_Art_ORIGINALE_Albert1.pdf |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=old.jpsychopathol.it}}</ref> duk da haka, an gano cewa tarin abubuwa yana da alaƙa mai rauni da OCD ko OCPD idan aka kwatanta da sauran alamun. Saboda haka, an sanya tarin abubuwa a cikin DSM-5 a matsayin wata cuta daban. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Grisham |first=J. R. |last2=Norberg |first2=M. M. |date=2010 |title=Compulsive hoarding: Current controversies and new directions |journal=Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=233–240 |doi=10.31887/DCNS.2010.12.2/jgrisham |pmc=3181962 |pmid=20623927}}</ref> Duk da haka, ana samun tarin abubuwa tare da OCD. An gano cewa marasa lafiya da OCD waɗanda ke nuna alamun tarin abubuwa suna nuna wani nau'in tarin abubuwa, inda suka fi iya tara "abubuwa masu ban mamaki" kuma suna yin al'adun tilastawa da ke da alaƙa da halayen tarin abubuwa, kamar al'adun duba abubuwa ko al'adun da dole ne a kammala su kafin a jefar da su. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pertusa |first=A. |last2=Fullana |first2=M. A. |last3=Singh |first3=S. |last4=Alonso |first4=P. |last5=Menchón |first5=J. M. |last6=Mataix-Cols |first6=D. |date=2008 |title=Compulsive hoarding: OCD symptom, distinct clinical syndrome, or both? |journal=The American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=165 |issue=10 |pages=1289–1298 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07111730 |pmid=18483134}}</ref> Kimanin kashi 2.6% na al'umma suna fama da matsalar tarin abubuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 November 2024 |title=From Clutter to Crisis: Recognizing the Levels of Hoarding Behavior |url=https://www.traumaservices.com/blog/recognizing-the-levels-of-hoarding/ |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=www.traumaservices.com}}</ref> kodayake wasu bincike sun nuna cewa yawan mutanen da ke rayuwa a tsawon rayuwarsu na iya kaiwa har zuwa kashi 14%. Yawan kamuwa da cutar tarin abubuwa yana ƙaruwa sosai yayin da shekaru suka yi yawa, kuma mutanen da suka haura shekaru 54 suna da yuwuwar cika sharuddan matsalar tarin abubuwa sau uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2024 |title=Hoarding concerns rise as America ages |url=https://www.axios.com/2024/07/02/hoarding-americans-aging-senate-report |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=www.axios.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 January 2020 |title=Hoarding As a Mental Health Disorder |url=https://facty.com/conditions/mental-health/hoarding-as-a-mental-health-disorder/ |access-date=2025-02-28 |website=facty.com}}</ref> Duk da haka, alamun tarin abubuwa galibi suna bayyana a farkon ƙuruciya kuma suna ƙaruwa zuwa manyan matakai a asibiti a tsakiyar shekaru. Fiye da rabin mutanen da ke fama da tarin abubuwa sun ba da rahoton cewa fara tarin abubuwa yana da alaƙa da wani mummunan lamari na rayuwa, kuma a cikin wannan rukunin, shekarun fara tarin abubuwa ya fi yawa. Nazarin cututtuka ya nuna cewa yawan tarin abubuwa ya ninka na maza sau biyu, kodayake ana gudanar da nazarin asibiti kan yanayin tarin abubuwa galibi ga mata. Wannan yana nuna cewa ba a yin nazari sosai kan masu tattara abubuwa maza kuma ba sa samun isasshen magani. A cewar wasu bincike <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burgess |first=Alexandra M. |last2=Graves |first2=Lucy M. |last3=Frost |first3=Randy O. |date=June 2018 |title=My possessions need me: Anthropomorphism and hoarding |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sjop.12441 |journal=Scandinavian Journal of Psychology |language=en |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=340–348 |doi=10.1111/sjop.12441 |issn=0036-5564 |pmid=29608213 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>, an danganta ilimin ɗan adam, ko kuma sha'awar danganta halayen ɗan adam ga abubuwan da ba na ɗan adam ba, da tarawa. Bugu da ƙari, binciken ya nuna cewa matasa suna da ƙwarewa da halaye masu yawa na tarawa da kuma halayyar ɗan adam, kuma mata sun nuna halaye masu ƙarfi na farko na ɗan adam idan aka kwatanta da maza. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Neave |first=Nick |last2=Jackson |first2=Rachel |last3=Saxton |first3=Tamsin |last4=Hönekopp |first4=Johannes |date=2015-01-01 |title=The influence of anthropomorphic tendencies on human hoarding behaviours |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886914004863 |journal=Personality and Individual Differences |volume=72 |pages=214–219 |doi=10.1016/j.paid.2014.08.041 |issn=0191-8869 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> === Magani === Babu wani magani da Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta amince da shi a halin yanzu don magance alamun tarin abubuwa. Duk da cewa, wasu magunguna, kamar masu hana serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) da masu hana serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), ana iya amfani da su ba tare da laƙabi ba ga mutanen da aka gano suna da matsalar tarin abubuwa. [1] Babban maganin matsalar tattarawa shine ilimin halayyar ɗan adam. Musamman ma, ana ɗaukar maganin halayyar fahimta a matsayin ma'aunin zinare don magance matsalar. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gilliam |first=Christina M. |last2=Norberg |first2=Melissa M. |last3=Villavicencio |first3=Anna |last4=Morrison |first4=Samantha |last5=Hannan |first5=Scott E. |last6=Tolin |first6=David F. |year=2011 |title=Group cognitive-behavioral therapy for hoarding disorder: An open trial |journal=Behaviour Research and Therapy |volume=49 |issue=11 |pages=802–807 |doi=10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.008 |pmid=21925643}}</ref> == A cikin adabi == A cikin Barkwancin Allah, an nuna waɗanda ke tara kuɗi a matsayin masu zunubi da aka kulle a cikin yaƙi na har abada da masu ɓarna. Pluto (tsohon allahn dukiya yanzu ya zama aljani kuma yana magana da zamba), dole ne su tura manyan duwatsu (wato kuɗi) zuwa akasin haka. Duk lokacin da layukan masu zunubi biyu suka haɗu, suna zargin junansu da zagin juna. An hukunta masu tara kuɗi da masu ɓarna zuwa Jahannama saboda rashin iya yin adalci da kuɗi. [1] A cikin wasan kwaikwayo na [[William Shakespeare]] ''mai suna Coriolanus'', Caius Marcius da mabiyansa suna tara hatsi, suna raba shi ne kawai da waɗanda suka ga sun cancanta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Chang |first=Ryan |date=November 14, 2022 |title=Historical Portrayal of Hoarding Disorder in European Literature and Its Relationship to the Economic and Personal Circumstances of the Authors |journal=Cureus |volume=14 |issue=11 |doi=10.7759/cureus.31025 |pmc=9629820 |pmid=36349076 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Tarawa * [[Tara kuɗi ta dijital]] * Hoard (ilimin kayan tarihi) * Tara kuɗi (tattalin arziki) * Siyan tsoro * Plyushkin, wani kamfani na Rasha mai tatsuniyoyi, wanda bayan haka wani lokacin ana kiransa da "cutar Plyushkin" * Ilimin halin dan Adam na tattarawa * Tara (halayyar dabba) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] isqagqm7tt8iheo0wn5kha31kq5hsfj 0 159107 862988 2026-06-21T13:03:52Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345943115|Hoarders (TV series)]]" 862988 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Hoarders''''' wani shirin talabijin ne na gaskiya na Amurka wanda aka fara nunawa a A&amp;amp;E a ranar 17 ga Agusta, 2009. Shirin yana nuna gwagwarmayar rayuwa ta gaske da kuma yadda mutane ke fama da [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|matsalar tara kuɗi]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 11, 2009 |title=A&E Premieres New Original Nonfiction Series "Hoarders" |url=http://thefutoncritic.com/news/2009/08/11/a-and-e-premieres-new-original-nonfiction-series-hoarders-32342/20090811aande01/ |website=The Futon Critic}}</ref> Shirin ya kammala aikinsa na farko a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 2013, bayan shekaru shida. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kondolojy |first=Amanda |date=September 25, 2013 |title='Hoarders' Canceled by A&E after Six Seasons |url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2013/09/25/hoarders-canceled-by-ae-after-six-seasons/204969/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927212149/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2013/09/25/hoarders-canceled-by-ae-after-six-seasons/204969/ |archive-date=September 27, 2013 |website=TV by the Numbers}}</ref> Fiye da shekara guda bayan soke shirin na farko a shekarar 2013, Lifetime ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen "Sabuntawa" na mako-mako a ranar 2 ga Yuni, 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 31, 2014 |title=Hoarders Update on Lifetime Could Revive Show |url=https://guardianlv.com/2014/05/hoarders-update-on-lifetime-could-revive-show/}}</ref> Kowane shiri na "Sabuntawa" yana gabatar da wani shiri daga lokutan baya, wanda ya ƙare da ziyarar yau da kullun ga wani mai tarawa da aka nuna ta hanyar mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali ko mai shirya wanda ya yi aiki tare da su. Hira da mai tarawa da iyalansu sun bayyana yadda rayuwarsu ta ci gaba tun bayan bayyanarsu ta farko a shirin. Wannan ya haifar da samar da kakar wasa ta bakwai, ''Hoarders: Family Secrets'', wanda aka watsa a Lifetime daga 28 ga Mayu, 2015, zuwa 30 ga Yuli, 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=Mar 15, 2015 |title=New Episodes of Hoarders in Production |url=https://www.realityblurred.com/realitytv/2015/03/will-hoarders-return-yes-coming-back-with-new-episodes/}}</ref> Shirin ya koma A&amp;amp;E don lokutan da suka biyo baya, farawa da kakar wasa ta takwas a ranar 3 ga Janairu, 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andy Dehnart |date=2016-01-04 |title=Hoarders quietly moves back to A&E |url=https://www.realityblurred.com/realitytv/2016/01/hoarders-back-to-ae/ |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=reality blurred |language=en-US}}</ref> Shirye-shiryen "Sabuntawa" suna ci gaba da gudana tsakanin yanayi a ƙarƙashin taken '''''Hoarders: Where Are They Now?,''''' '''''Hoarders: Then & Now''''' ko '''''Hoarders: Overload''''' . Kakar wasa ta sha ɗaya ta fara fitowa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cohn |first=Paulette |date=2020-07-20 |title=Real People, Real Disorders! Everything We Know About Hoarders Season 11 |url=https://parade.com/1063413/paulettecohn/hoarders-season-11/ |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=Parade: Entertainment, Recipes, Health, Life, Holidays |language=en}}</ref> Kakar wasa ta sha biyu ta fara fitowa a ranar 22 ga Maris, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Leiber |first=Sarah Jae |title=A&E's INTERVENTION Returns For A New Season In Las Vegas |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/AEs-INTERVENTION-Returns-For-A-New-Season-In-Las-Vegas-20210224 |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> == Bayani == === Tsarin === Kowace shiri na minti 60 tana ɗauke da bayanai kan shiga tsakani ɗaya ko biyu. A mafi yawan lokutan farko, mai tattara kayan ya yi aiki tare da likitan tabin hankali/masanin tabin hankali, ƙwararren mai shirya kaya, ko kuma "ƙwararren mai tsaftacewa mai tsanani," waɗanda kowannensu ya ƙware a wani fanni da ya shafi magance matsalolin damuwa, [[Matsalar damuwa|matsalolin damuwa]], da/ko tarin kayan. Ƙungiyar ƙwararrun masu tsaftacewa (yawanci kamfani ne na gida na babban mai tallafawa jerin) sun yi ainihin aikin tsaftacewa. Shirye-shirye biyu a kakar wasa ta farko sun ƙunshi aikin tsaftacewa tare da masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ''da kuma'' mai shiryawa: Jill (kashi na "Jennifer da Ron/Jill") da Patty (kashi na "Patty/Bill"). Tun daga kakar wasa ta 2 zuwa gaba, an ba duk masu tattara kayan aikin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da mai shiryawa. Kashi na ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta farko, "Paul/Missy da Alex", ya ƙunshi ƙwararren mai shirya kaya Geralin Thomas, CPO-CD, yana aiki tare da Missy, yayin da ƙwararren masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam na yara, Dr. David Dia, ya yi aiki tare da ɗan Missy mai shekaru bakwai Alex. Tun daga kakar wasa ta biyu, kowanne mai tattara kayan yana da ƙungiyar kwararru ta masu ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da kuma masu shirya/masu tsaftacewa waɗanda ke taimaka musu. Wannan haɗin gwiwar ƙwararru yana jagorantar ƙungiyar ƙwararrun masu tsaftace kayan, iyali, abokai, da dangin mai tattara kayan wajen gudanar da zaman share kayan na tsawon kwanaki biyu zuwa uku. A mafi yawan lokuta, rikici ya haifar da shiga tsakani, kamar barazanar korar yara ko kuma cire ƙananan yara daga gida. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> A ƙarshen kowane shiri, rubutun da aka yi a allon yana nuna sakamakon aikin tsaftacewa na ɗan gajeren lokaci, gami da shawarar da waɗanda abin ya shafa suka yanke kan ko za su nemi ƙarin taimako daga masu shiryawa da/ko masu ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali. Shirin yana ba da kuɗin watanni shida na kulawa bayan an gama aiki don biyan waɗannan ƙwararru, kuma a wasu lokutan, don yin gyare-gyare masu mahimmanci ga gidan. [1] Tun daga ƙarshen kakar wasa ta tara, an faɗaɗa shirye-shiryen zuwa awanni biyu kuma an mai da hankali kan mai tara kaya ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Goronja |first=Ariel |date=2020-07-20 |title=Hoarders Season 11 Premiere Schedule: What Time & Date Does it Air? |url=https://heavy.com/entertainment/2020/07/hoarders-season-11-premiere-time-date/ |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=Heavy.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Kowanne daga cikin shirye-shiryen "Sabuntawa" yana sake duba tarin bayanai daga shirye-shiryen da suka gabata, yana nuna faifan bidiyo daga bayyanarsu ta asali sannan kuma sabbin bidiyoyi suna bayanin ci gaban da suka samu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == aws4kjiqw3r9oav2svp2vt9mmh75247 862991 862988 2026-06-21T13:04:08Z Sardeeq 39275 862991 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Hoarders''''' wani shirin talabijin ne na gaskiya na Amurka wanda aka fara nunawa a A&amp;amp;E a ranar 17 ga Agusta, 2009. Shirin yana nuna gwagwarmayar rayuwa ta gaske da kuma yadda mutane ke fama da [[Matsalar tarin kuɗi|matsalar tara kuɗi]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 11, 2009 |title=A&E Premieres New Original Nonfiction Series "Hoarders" |url=http://thefutoncritic.com/news/2009/08/11/a-and-e-premieres-new-original-nonfiction-series-hoarders-32342/20090811aande01/ |website=The Futon Critic}}</ref> Shirin ya kammala aikinsa na farko a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 2013, bayan shekaru shida. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kondolojy |first=Amanda |date=September 25, 2013 |title='Hoarders' Canceled by A&E after Six Seasons |url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2013/09/25/hoarders-canceled-by-ae-after-six-seasons/204969/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927212149/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2013/09/25/hoarders-canceled-by-ae-after-six-seasons/204969/ |archive-date=September 27, 2013 |website=TV by the Numbers}}</ref> Fiye da shekara guda bayan soke shirin na farko a shekarar 2013, Lifetime ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen "Sabuntawa" na mako-mako a ranar 2 ga Yuni, 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 31, 2014 |title=Hoarders Update on Lifetime Could Revive Show |url=https://guardianlv.com/2014/05/hoarders-update-on-lifetime-could-revive-show/}}</ref> Kowane shiri na "Sabuntawa" yana gabatar da wani shiri daga lokutan baya, wanda ya ƙare da ziyarar yau da kullun ga wani mai tarawa da aka nuna ta hanyar mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali ko mai shirya wanda ya yi aiki tare da su. Hira da mai tarawa da iyalansu sun bayyana yadda rayuwarsu ta ci gaba tun bayan bayyanarsu ta farko a shirin. Wannan ya haifar da samar da kakar wasa ta bakwai, ''Hoarders: Family Secrets'', wanda aka watsa a Lifetime daga 28 ga Mayu, 2015, zuwa 30 ga Yuli, 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=Mar 15, 2015 |title=New Episodes of Hoarders in Production |url=https://www.realityblurred.com/realitytv/2015/03/will-hoarders-return-yes-coming-back-with-new-episodes/}}</ref> Shirin ya koma A&amp;amp;E don lokutan da suka biyo baya, farawa da kakar wasa ta takwas a ranar 3 ga Janairu, 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andy Dehnart |date=2016-01-04 |title=Hoarders quietly moves back to A&E |url=https://www.realityblurred.com/realitytv/2016/01/hoarders-back-to-ae/ |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=reality blurred |language=en-US}}</ref> Shirye-shiryen "Sabuntawa" suna ci gaba da gudana tsakanin yanayi a ƙarƙashin taken '''''Hoarders: Where Are They Now?,''''' '''''Hoarders: Then & Now''''' ko '''''Hoarders: Overload''''' . Kakar wasa ta sha ɗaya ta fara fitowa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cohn |first=Paulette |date=2020-07-20 |title=Real People, Real Disorders! Everything We Know About Hoarders Season 11 |url=https://parade.com/1063413/paulettecohn/hoarders-season-11/ |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=Parade: Entertainment, Recipes, Health, Life, Holidays |language=en}}</ref> Kakar wasa ta sha biyu ta fara fitowa a ranar 22 ga Maris, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Leiber |first=Sarah Jae |title=A&E's INTERVENTION Returns For A New Season In Las Vegas |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/AEs-INTERVENTION-Returns-For-A-New-Season-In-Las-Vegas-20210224 |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> == Bayani == === Tsarin === Kowace shiri na minti 60 tana ɗauke da bayanai kan shiga tsakani ɗaya ko biyu. A mafi yawan lokutan farko, mai tattara kayan ya yi aiki tare da likitan tabin hankali/masanin tabin hankali, ƙwararren mai shirya kaya, ko kuma "ƙwararren mai tsaftacewa mai tsanani," waɗanda kowannensu ya ƙware a wani fanni da ya shafi magance matsalolin damuwa, [[Matsalar damuwa|matsalolin damuwa]], da/ko tarin kayan. Ƙungiyar ƙwararrun masu tsaftacewa (yawanci kamfani ne na gida na babban mai tallafawa jerin) sun yi ainihin aikin tsaftacewa. Shirye-shirye biyu a kakar wasa ta farko sun ƙunshi aikin tsaftacewa tare da masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ''da kuma'' mai shiryawa: Jill (kashi na "Jennifer da Ron/Jill") da Patty (kashi na "Patty/Bill"). Tun daga kakar wasa ta 2 zuwa gaba, an ba duk masu tattara kayan aikin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da mai shiryawa. Kashi na ƙarshe na kakar wasa ta farko, "Paul/Missy da Alex", ya ƙunshi ƙwararren mai shirya kaya Geralin Thomas, CPO-CD, yana aiki tare da Missy, yayin da ƙwararren masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam na yara, Dr. David Dia, ya yi aiki tare da ɗan Missy mai shekaru bakwai Alex. Tun daga kakar wasa ta biyu, kowanne mai tattara kayan yana da ƙungiyar kwararru ta masu ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da kuma masu shirya/masu tsaftacewa waɗanda ke taimaka musu. Wannan haɗin gwiwar ƙwararru yana jagorantar ƙungiyar ƙwararrun masu tsaftace kayan, iyali, abokai, da dangin mai tattara kayan wajen gudanar da zaman share kayan na tsawon kwanaki biyu zuwa uku. A mafi yawan lokuta, rikici ya haifar da shiga tsakani, kamar barazanar korar yara ko kuma cire ƙananan yara daga gida. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> A ƙarshen kowane shiri, rubutun da aka yi a allon yana nuna sakamakon aikin tsaftacewa na ɗan gajeren lokaci, gami da shawarar da waɗanda abin ya shafa suka yanke kan ko za su nemi ƙarin taimako daga masu shiryawa da/ko masu ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali. Shirin yana ba da kuɗin watanni shida na kulawa bayan an gama aiki don biyan waɗannan ƙwararru, kuma a wasu lokutan, don yin gyare-gyare masu mahimmanci ga gidan. [1] Tun daga ƙarshen kakar wasa ta tara, an faɗaɗa shirye-shiryen zuwa awanni biyu kuma an mai da hankali kan mai tara kaya ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Goronja |first=Ariel |date=2020-07-20 |title=Hoarders Season 11 Premiere Schedule: What Time & Date Does it Air? |url=https://heavy.com/entertainment/2020/07/hoarders-season-11-premiere-time-date/ |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=Heavy.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Kowanne daga cikin shirye-shiryen "Sabuntawa" yana sake duba tarin bayanai daga shirye-shiryen da suka gabata, yana nuna faifan bidiyo daga bayyanarsu ta asali sannan kuma sabbin bidiyoyi suna bayanin ci gaban da suka samu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == gorwska589il6l8bacznj2jj8i0eip5 0 159108 862994 2026-06-21T13:05:36Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357211148|The Hoarder Next Door]]" 862994 wikitext text/x-wiki Shirin '''The Hoarder Next Door''' shiri ne na Burtaniya game da tara kuɗi ta hanyar tilastawa . An shirya shi ta Twenty Twenty kuma an nuna shi a Channel 4, yana nuna mai ilimin tabin hankali Stelios Kiosses yana taimaka wa masu tara kuɗi masu yawa. [1] Olivia Colman ce ta ba da labarin shirin. == Manazarta == kakss4zbwdsixh5ri7h3enqj1aybabv 862998 862994 2026-06-21T13:06:19Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357211148|The Hoarder Next Door]]" 862998 wikitext text/x-wiki Shirin '''The Hoarder Next Door''' shiri ne na Burtaniya game da tara kuɗi ta hanyar tilastawa . An shirya shi ta Twenty Twenty kuma an nuna shi a Channel 4, yana nuna mai ilimin tabin hankali Stelios Kiosses yana taimaka wa masu tara kuɗi masu yawa. [1] Olivia Colman ce ta ba da labarin shirin.<ref>TV picks</ref><ref>Last night's viewing</ref> == Manazarta == o9m09a6rf0rpet5p4bfn7yzzrzbyxn6 863000 862998 2026-06-21T13:06:35Z Sardeeq 39275 863000 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Shirin '''The Hoarder Next Door''' shiri ne na Burtaniya game da tara kuɗi ta hanyar tilastawa . An shirya shi ta Twenty Twenty kuma an nuna shi a Channel 4, yana nuna mai ilimin tabin hankali Stelios Kiosses yana taimaka wa masu tara kuɗi masu yawa. [1] Olivia Colman ce ta ba da labarin shirin.<ref>TV picks</ref><ref>Last night's viewing</ref> == Manazarta == r9ykrxmu555git6w50stnx0jxcdbbj0 0 159109 863020 2026-06-21T13:12:34Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1275744942|Adebanjo]]" 863020 wikitext text/x-wiki * [[Ayo Adebanjo]] (1928-2025), lauyan Najeriya, kuma mai kishin kasa * Jacob Adebanjo (an haife shi a shekara ta 1993), Kuma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne a Najeriya * [[Olufemi Adebanjo]], Kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne * [[Seyi Adebanjo]], ɗan wasan kwaikwayon Najeriya ne == Dubi kuma == * Adebanji * ''Ganawa da Adebanjos'', sitcom rceaadtnzaubli49chjydbpjs4e3hmz 0 159110 863062 2026-06-21T13:29:28Z Abdurra'uf 23412 sabon muqala 863062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James McAlister''' == Manazarta == 5cdazkx124ob8wyn18eqwe8l9r23saa 863064 863062 2026-06-21T13:30:33Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James McAlister'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McAlister</ref> (Satumba 5, 1951 - Maris 31, 2018) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda ya kasance mai gudu a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL) a shekarun 1970. Oakland Raiders ne suka zaɓe shi a zagaye na shida na gasar NFL ta 1974. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji a ƙungiyar UCLA Bruins kuma ya kasance tauraro a ƙungiyar tsere da gudu. Ya yi tsalle mai tsayi mafi kyau a duniya a shekarar 1973 a gida a Westwood. == Manazarta == 7et8ypcsppuvpaeodvdpo3q8v882tlk 863065 863064 2026-06-21T13:31:05Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James McAlister'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McAlister</ref> (Satumba 5, 1951 - Maris 31, 2018) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda ya kasance mai gudu a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL) a shekarun 1970. Oakland Raiders ne suka zaɓe shi a zagaye na shida na gasar NFL ta 1974. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji a ƙungiyar UCLA Bruins kuma ya kasance tauraro a ƙungiyar tsere da gudu. Ya yi tsalle mai tsayi mafi kyau a duniya a shekarar 1973 a gida a Westwood. A shekarar 1974, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya ta sami karɓuwa sosai kwana ɗaya kafin zaɓen NFL lokacin da Southern California Sun ta sanar da sanya hannu kan zaɓe uku na NFL a zagaye na farko, ciki har da McAlister. McAlister yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa uku waɗanda wakilinsu, Michael L Trope mai shekaru 22, ya yanke shawarar kada ya jira tayin gasa daga NFL. "Kirfinsu ya kai kololuwa, kashi 30% zuwa 35% fiye da yadda zai kasance daga baya, saboda tallan da WFL za ta iya samu ta hanyar sanya hannu," in ji Trope, wanda ya yi kiyasin jimillar kunshin a kusan dala miliyan 1 ga abokan cinikinsa uku. == Manazarta == gc17s0bpz7cwjgjazdwzx2jgkg7xchs 863069 863065 2026-06-21T13:31:46Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James McAlister'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McAlister</ref> (Satumba 5, 1951 - Maris 31, 2018) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda ya kasance mai gudu a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL) a shekarun 1970. Oakland Raiders ne suka zaɓe shi a zagaye na shida na gasar NFL ta 1974. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji a ƙungiyar UCLA Bruins kuma ya kasance tauraro a ƙungiyar tsere da gudu. Ya yi tsalle mai tsayi mafi kyau a duniya a shekarar 1973 a gida a Westwood. A shekarar 1974, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya ta sami karɓuwa sosai kwana ɗaya kafin zaɓen NFL lokacin da Southern California Sun ta sanar da sanya hannu kan zaɓe uku na NFL a zagaye na farko, ciki har da McAlister. McAlister yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa uku waɗanda wakilinsu, Michael L Trope mai shekaru 22, ya yanke shawarar kada ya jira tayin gasa daga NFL. "Kirfinsu ya kai kololuwa, kashi 30% zuwa 35% fiye da yadda zai kasance daga baya, saboda tallan da WFL za ta iya samu ta hanyar sanya hannu," in ji Trope, wanda ya yi kiyasin jimillar kunshin a kusan dala miliyan 1 ga abokan cinikinsa uku. == Manazarta == 57nd7xfva5s1xc956mductkr6sgsysl 863070 863069 2026-06-21T13:31:58Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863070 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James McAlister'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McAlister</ref> (Satumba 5, 1951 - Maris 31, 2018) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda ya kasance mai gudu a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL) a shekarun 1970. Oakland Raiders ne suka zaɓe shi a zagaye na shida na gasar NFL ta 1974. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji a ƙungiyar UCLA Bruins kuma ya kasance tauraro a ƙungiyar tsere da gudu. Ya yi tsalle mai tsayi mafi kyau a duniya a shekarar 1973 a gida a Westwood. A shekarar 1974, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya ta sami karɓuwa sosai kwana ɗaya kafin zaɓen NFL lokacin da Southern California Sun ta sanar da sanya hannu kan zaɓe uku na NFL a zagaye na farko, ciki har da McAlister. McAlister yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa uku waɗanda wakilinsu, Michael L Trope mai shekaru 22, ya yanke shawarar kada ya jira tayin gasa daga NFL. "Kirfinsu ya kai kololuwa, kashi 30% zuwa 35% fiye da yadda zai kasance daga baya, saboda tallan da WFL za ta iya samu ta hanyar sanya hannu," in ji Trope, wanda ya yi kiyasin jimillar kunshin a kusan dala miliyan 1 ga abokan cinikinsa uku. McAlister ya kuma buga wa Philadelphia Eagles da New England Patriots wasa. Ya kasance a shafin mujallar Sports Illustrated a shekarar 1971. == Manazarta == qsdcjpblp20ylzq2jzmkc1ijizyj5yl 863071 863070 2026-06-21T13:33:00Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863071 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James McAlister'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McAlister</ref> (Satumba 5, 1951 - Maris 31, 2018) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda ya kasance mai gudu a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL) a shekarun 1970. Oakland Raiders ne suka zaɓe shi a zagaye na shida na gasar NFL ta 1974. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji a ƙungiyar UCLA Bruins kuma ya kasance tauraro a ƙungiyar tsere da gudu. Ya yi tsalle mai tsayi mafi kyau a duniya a shekarar 1973 a gida a Westwood. A shekarar 1974, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya ta sami karɓuwa sosai kwana ɗaya kafin zaɓen NFL lokacin da Southern California Sun ta sanar da sanya hannu kan zaɓe uku na NFL a zagaye na farko, ciki har da McAlister. McAlister yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa uku waɗanda wakilinsu, Michael L Trope mai shekaru 22, ya yanke shawarar kada ya jira tayin gasa daga NFL. "Kirfinsu ya kai kololuwa, kashi 30% zuwa 35% fiye da yadda zai kasance daga baya, saboda tallan da WFL za ta iya samu ta hanyar sanya hannu," in ji Trope, wanda ya yi kiyasin jimillar kunshin a kusan dala miliyan 1 ga abokan cinikinsa uku. McAlister ya kuma buga wa Philadelphia Eagles da New England Patriots wasa. Ya kasance a shafin mujallar Sports Illustrated a shekarar 1971 McAlister ya mutu a ranar 31 ga Maris, 2018, a Corona, California. == Manazarta == 1vglqgbq68j0tp1z0dtv8c55vtg1umx 863075 863071 2026-06-21T13:35:49Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863075 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James McAlister'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McAlister</ref> (Satumba 5, 1951 - Maris 31, 2018) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda ya kasance mai gudu a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL) a shekarun 1970. Oakland Raiders ne suka zaɓe shi a zagaye na shida na gasar NFL ta 1974. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji a ƙungiyar UCLA Bruins kuma ya kasance tauraro a ƙungiyar tsere da gudu. Ya yi tsalle mai tsayi mafi kyau a duniya a shekarar 1973 a gida a Westwood. A shekarar 1974, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya ta sami karɓuwa sosai kwana ɗaya kafin zaɓen NFL lokacin da Southern California Sun ta sanar da sanya hannu kan zaɓe uku na NFL a zagaye na farko, ciki har da McAlister. McAlister yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa uku waɗanda wakilinsu, Michael L Trope mai shekaru 22, ya yanke shawarar kada ya jira tayin gasa daga NFL. "Kirfinsu ya kai kololuwa, kashi 30% zuwa 35% fiye da yadda zai kasance daga baya, saboda tallan da WFL za ta iya samu ta hanyar sanya hannu," in ji Trope, wanda ya yi kiyasin jimillar kunshin a kusan dala miliyan 1 ga abokan cinikinsa uku. McAlister ya kuma buga wa Philadelphia Eagles da New England Patriots wasa. Ya kasance a shafin mujallar Sports Illustrated a shekarar 1971. McAlister ya mutu a ranar 31 ga Maris, 2018, a Corona, California. == Manazarta == maw62m8988lswz720c6g0swybddqmj8 863076 863075 2026-06-21T13:36:33Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863076 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James McAlister'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McAlister</ref> (Satumba 5, 1951 - Maris 31, 2018) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka wanda ya kasance mai gudu a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL) a shekarun 1970. Oakland Raiders ne suka zaɓe shi a zagaye na shida na gasar NFL ta 1974. Ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta kwaleji a ƙungiyar UCLA Bruins kuma ya kasance tauraro a ƙungiyar tsere da gudu. Ya yi tsalle mai tsayi mafi kyau a duniya a shekarar 1973 a gida a Westwood. A shekarar 1974, gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya ta sami karɓuwa sosai kwana ɗaya kafin zaɓen NFL lokacin da Southern California Sun ta sanar da sanya hannu kan zaɓe uku na NFL a zagaye na farko, ciki har da McAlister. McAlister yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa uku waɗanda wakilinsu, Michael L Trope mai shekaru 22, ya yanke shawarar kada ya jira tayin gasa daga NFL. "Kirfinsu ya kai kololuwa, kashi 30% zuwa 35% fiye da yadda zai kasance daga baya, saboda tallan da WFL za ta iya samu ta hanyar sanya hannu," in ji Trope, wanda ya yi kiyasin jimillar kunshin a kusan dala miliyan 1 ga abokan cinikinsa uku. McAlister ya kuma buga wa Philadelphia Eagles da New England Patriots wasa. Ya kasance a shafin mujallar Sports Illustrated a shekarar 1971.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090819015137/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/cover/featured/8229/index.htm James McAlister Sports Illustrated cover</ref> McAlister ya mutu a ranar 31 ga Maris, 2018, a Corona, California. == Manazarta == 4pd576q3kz1cym6ekeblj4kjig7qjla 0 159111 863077 2026-06-21T13:39:51Z Abdurra'uf 23412 sabon muqala 863077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi''' == Manazarta == gp8pk4rlsuvtfkv57vufymkh1it0uqn 863078 863077 2026-06-21T13:40:57Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863078 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi''' == Manazarta == 7gpkmcfq3y268sdnbdqu3s41zdajpa7 863079 863078 2026-06-21T13:41:08Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi''' Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi lamba ce da ke nuna yiwuwar mutum ya shigar da ƙarar fatarar kuɗi. Duk da cewa an yi amfani da shi sama da shekaru ashirin don tantance haɗari yayin ba da rance, masu amfani kaɗan ne suka sani game da shi. Yana da alaƙa da sanannen maki na bashi, amma ba kamar maki na bashi ba, ba a sayar da maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ga masu amfani ta kowace hukumar ba da rance. Sakamakon haka, mutane ba su da wata hanyar sanin menene maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ko yadda za su inganta su. Bugu da ƙari, tunda babu ma'aunin ma'auni na daidaito, masu amfani galibi suna fuskantar matsala wajen daidaita maki nasu a kan ma'aunin daidaito, maimakon haka suna karɓar bayanai na gabaɗaya kawai daga hukuma ɗaya. == Manazarta == 5kvz3nb82ll5wb4qd16b08kjdgqcryp 863080 863079 2026-06-21T13:41:56Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankruptcy_risk_score</ref> Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi lamba ce da ke nuna yiwuwar mutum ya shigar da ƙarar fatarar kuɗi. Duk da cewa an yi amfani da shi sama da shekaru ashirin don tantance haɗari yayin ba da rance, masu amfani kaɗan ne suka sani game da shi. Yana da alaƙa da sanannen maki na bashi, amma ba kamar maki na bashi ba, ba a sayar da maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ga masu amfani ta kowace hukumar ba da rance. Sakamakon haka, mutane ba su da wata hanyar sanin menene maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ko yadda za su inganta su. Bugu da ƙari, tunda babu ma'aunin ma'auni na daidaito, masu amfani galibi suna fuskantar matsala wajen daidaita maki nasu a kan ma'aunin daidaito, maimakon haka suna karɓar bayanai na gabaɗaya kawai daga hukuma ɗaya. == Manazarta == 22vj6kyb64xz3i9wiwjlx91tgrcrhe2 863081 863080 2026-06-21T13:42:41Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863081 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankruptcy_risk_score</ref> Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi lamba ce da ke nuna yiwuwar mutum ya shigar da ƙarar fatarar kuɗi. Duk da cewa an yi amfani da shi sama da shekaru ashirin don tantance haɗari yayin ba da rance, masu amfani kaɗan ne suka sani game da shi. Yana da alaƙa da sanannen maki na bashi, amma ba kamar maki na bashi ba, ba a sayar da maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ga masu amfani ta kowace hukumar ba da rance. Sakamakon haka, mutane ba su da wata hanyar sanin menene maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ko yadda za su inganta su. Bugu da ƙari, tunda babu ma'aunin ma'auni na daidaito, masu amfani galibi suna fuskantar matsala wajen daidaita maki nasu a kan ma'aunin daidaito, maimakon haka suna karɓar bayanai na gabaɗaya kawai daga hukuma ɗaya. Ana kuma kiran wannan azaman bincike na bashi wanda ke ba masu ba da lamuni damar tantance haɗarin abokin ciniki wajen karɓar lamuni. Mutum na iya inganta makinsu ta hanyar biyan kuɗi akan lokaci, rage ma'auni, da samun 'yan asusu masu juyawa. == Manazarta == 6m3ifc4f2396pqc9w8up1m47uu30la0 863083 863081 2026-06-21T13:43:24Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863083 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankruptcy_risk_score</ref> Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi lamba ce da ke nuna yiwuwar mutum ya shigar da ƙarar fatarar kuɗi. Duk da cewa an yi amfani da shi sama da shekaru ashirin don tantance haɗari yayin ba da rance, masu amfani kaɗan ne suka sani game da shi. Yana da alaƙa da sanannen maki na bashi, amma ba kamar maki na bashi ba, ba a sayar da maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ga masu amfani ta kowace hukumar ba da rance. Sakamakon haka, mutane ba su da wata hanyar sanin menene maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ko yadda za su inganta su. Bugu da ƙari, tunda babu ma'aunin ma'auni na daidaito, masu amfani galibi suna fuskantar matsala wajen daidaita maki nasu a kan ma'aunin daidaito, maimakon haka suna karɓar bayanai na gabaɗaya kawai daga hukuma ɗaya. Ana kuma kiran wannan azaman bincike na bashi wanda ke ba masu ba da lamuni damar tantance haɗarin abokin ciniki wajen karɓar lamuni. Mutum na iya inganta makinsu ta hanyar biyan kuɗi akan lokaci, rage ma'auni, da samun 'yan asusu masu juyawa. Equifax, wani kamfanin bayar da bashi na Amurka, yana bayar da maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi da ake kira Bankruptcy Navigator Index ga abokan cinikinsa na kasuwanci. BNI 4.0 tana ɗaukar ma'aunin bashin abokin ciniki idan aka kwatanta da iyakokin bashi a matsayin abin da ya fi nauyi. Yana da kewayon maki daga 1 (ƙasa) kuma yana ƙarewa a 600 (babba) tare da ƙananan maki waɗanda ke zama babban haɗarin shigar da ƙarar fatarar kuɗi cikin shekaru 2 masu zuwa. Yawancin masu bayar da katin bashi ba sa bayyana amfani da BNI a kan wasiƙar ƙin yarda kuma yana da wuya ga masu amfani su san makin su. == Manazarta == tmt6n1y8qdg068p0hs7kifb8m5rwc48 863088 863083 2026-06-21T13:46:21Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863088 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankruptcy_risk_score</ref> Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi lamba ce da ke nuna yiwuwar mutum ya shigar da ƙarar fatarar kuɗi. Duk da cewa an yi amfani da shi sama da shekaru ashirin don tantance haɗari yayin ba da rance, masu amfani kaɗan ne suka sani game da shi. Yana da alaƙa da sanannen maki na bashi, amma ba kamar maki na bashi ba, ba a sayar da maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ga masu amfani ta kowace hukumar ba da rance. Sakamakon haka, mutane ba su da wata hanyar sanin menene maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ko yadda za su inganta su. Bugu da ƙari, tunda babu ma'aunin ma'auni na daidaito, masu amfani galibi suna fuskantar matsala wajen daidaita maki nasu a kan ma'aunin daidaito, maimakon haka suna karɓar bayanai na gabaɗaya kawai daga hukuma ɗaya.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070819082522/http://moneycentral.msn.com/content/Banking/Yourcreditrating/P137322.asp</ref><ref>http://www.boostcredit101.com/News/Post/bankruptcy-risk-score</ref> Ana kuma kiran wannan azaman bincike na bashi wanda ke ba masu ba da lamuni damar tantance haɗarin abokin ciniki wajen karɓar lamuni. Mutum na iya inganta makinsu ta hanyar biyan kuɗi akan lokaci, rage ma'auni, da samun 'yan asusu masu juyawa.<ref>https://www.equifax.com/business/bankruptcy-navigator-index</ref> Equifax, wani kamfanin bayar da bashi na Amurka, yana bayar da maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi da ake kira Bankruptcy Navigator Index ga abokan cinikinsa na kasuwanci. BNI 4.0 tana ɗaukar ma'aunin bashin abokin ciniki idan aka kwatanta da iyakokin bashi a matsayin abin da ya fi nauyi. Yana da kewayon maki daga 1 (ƙasa) kuma yana ƙarewa a 600 (babba) tare da ƙananan maki waɗanda ke zama babban haɗarin shigar da ƙarar fatarar kuɗi cikin shekaru 2 masu zuwa. Yawancin masu bayar da katin bashi ba sa bayyana amfani da BNI a kan wasiƙar ƙin yarda kuma yana da wuya ga masu amfani su san makin su.<ref>https://assets.equifax.com/assets/usis/efx-00164-9-13_efx_bni.pdf</ref> == Manazarta == 5cwu7kj6ffalzsyggublnq68awcq20d 863090 863088 2026-06-21T13:46:45Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863090 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankruptcy_risk_score</ref> Maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi lamba ce da ke nuna yiwuwar mutum ya shigar da ƙarar fatarar kuɗi. Duk da cewa an yi amfani da shi sama da shekaru ashirin don tantance haɗari yayin ba da rance, masu amfani kaɗan ne suka sani game da shi. Yana da alaƙa da sanannen maki na bashi, amma ba kamar maki na bashi ba, ba a sayar da maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ga masu amfani ta kowace hukumar ba da rance. Sakamakon haka, mutane ba su da wata hanyar sanin menene maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi ko yadda za su inganta su. Bugu da ƙari, tunda babu ma'aunin ma'auni na daidaito, masu amfani galibi suna fuskantar matsala wajen daidaita maki nasu a kan ma'aunin daidaito, maimakon haka suna karɓar bayanai na gabaɗaya kawai daga hukuma ɗaya.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070819082522/http://moneycentral.msn.com/content/Banking/Yourcreditrating/P137322.asp</ref><ref>http://www.boostcredit101.com/News/Post/bankruptcy-risk-score</ref> Ana kuma kiran wannan azaman bincike na bashi wanda ke ba masu ba da lamuni damar tantance haɗarin abokin ciniki wajen karɓar lamuni. Mutum na iya inganta makinsu ta hanyar biyan kuɗi akan lokaci, rage ma'auni, da samun 'yan asusu masu juyawa.<ref>https://www.equifax.com/business/bankruptcy-navigator-index</ref> Equifax, wani kamfanin bayar da bashi na Amurka, yana bayar da maki na haɗarin fatarar kuɗi da ake kira Bankruptcy Navigator Index ga abokan cinikinsa na kasuwanci.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180322081431/https://www.creditcards.com/credit-card-news/bankruptcy-risk-score-1270.php</ref> BNI 4.0 tana ɗaukar ma'aunin bashin abokin ciniki idan aka kwatanta da iyakokin bashi a matsayin abin da ya fi nauyi. Yana da kewayon maki daga 1 (ƙasa) kuma yana ƙarewa a 600 (babba) tare da ƙananan maki waɗanda ke zama babban haɗarin shigar da ƙarar fatarar kuɗi cikin shekaru 2 masu zuwa. Yawancin masu bayar da katin bashi ba sa bayyana amfani da BNI a kan wasiƙar ƙin yarda kuma yana da wuya ga masu amfani su san makin su.<ref>https://assets.equifax.com/assets/usis/efx-00164-9-13_efx_bni.pdf</ref> == Manazarta == k7ng7vjafy797ji4z11rkxw1kqo2fmk 0 159112 863087 2026-06-21T13:46:16Z Dev ammar 21046 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359269091|Andy Marshall]]" 863087 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andrew John Marshall''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 1975) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Ingila wanda ya buga wa Norwich City, AFC Bournemouth, Gillingham, Ipswich Town, Wolverhampton Wanderers, Millwall, Coventry City da ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 ta Ingila . Ya fara koyarwa, kuma ya kasance kocin masu tsaron gida a [[Aston Villa FC|Aston Villa]] (inda ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci tare da Scott Marshall a 2015), Charlton Athletic <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2018 |title=Andy Marshall appointed as club's new Goalkeeper Coach |url=https://www.cafc.co.uk/news/view/5b335077c144b/andy-marshall-appointed-as-the-clubs-new-goalkeeper-coach |publisher=Charlton Athletic}}</ref> da Birmingham City . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2021 |title=Football Restructure |url=https://www.bcfc.com/news/articles/2021/football-restructure/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630132638/https://www.bcfc.com/news/articles/2021/football-restructure/ |archive-date=30 June 2021 |access-date=29 June 2021 |publisher=Birmingham City F.C.}}</ref> == Sana'a == === Birnin Norwich === An haife shi a Bury, Greater Manchester, <ref name="Marshall Joins Bury Fight">{{Cite web |title=Marshall Joins Bury Fight - Ipswich Town News |url=https://www.twtd.co.uk/ipswich-town-news/2905/marshall-joins-bury-fight/onthisday}}</ref> Marshall ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai horo tare da Norwich City. Ya fara wasa na farko da ya yi nasara a ƙungiyar a ranar 27 ga Disamba 1994 a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan da suka buga a [[Nottingham Forest FC|Nottingham Forest]], bayan raunin da mai tsaron gida Bryan Gunn ya samu. Raunin Gunn ya hana shi buga wasa har tsawon sauran kakar wasa kuma Marshall ya buga mafi yawan wasannin da City ta rage a wannan kakar. An fitar da su daga gasar. An sake mayar da Gunn a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko a Carrow Road a farkon kakar wasa mai zuwa, kuma Marshall ya yi zaman aro a Bournemouth da Gillingham don ƙara ƙwarewarsa ta farko a ƙungiyar. Gunn ya kasance a matsayin ɗan wasa na farko har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 1996-97, lokacin da aka cire shi a karon farko a rayuwarsa ta Norwich. Marshall ya yi amfani da damar don kafa kansa a matsayin ɗan wasa na ɗaya a Norwich, kuma duk da wahalar da yake sha wajen bugun ƙwallo - sau da yawa yana aika ƙwallon don jefa ƙwallo - ya zama ɗan wasa na farko kuma sanannen mutum a tsakanin magoya baya a lokacin da yake Carrow Road. Marshall ya ci gaba da bugawa Canaries wasanni 219. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] cy3i4rw6s0wfzzkvzq14gl8vjzh5i27 863089 863087 2026-06-21T13:46:43Z Dev ammar 21046 863089 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andrew John Marshall''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 1975) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Ingila wanda ya buga wa Norwich City, AFC Bournemouth, Gillingham, Ipswich Town, Wolverhampton Wanderers, Millwall, Coventry City da ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 ta Ingila . Ya fara koyarwa, kuma ya kasance kocin masu tsaron gida a [[Aston Villa FC|Aston Villa]] (inda ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci tare da Scott Marshall a 2015), Charlton Athletic <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2018 |title=Andy Marshall appointed as club's new Goalkeeper Coach |url=https://www.cafc.co.uk/news/view/5b335077c144b/andy-marshall-appointed-as-the-clubs-new-goalkeeper-coach |publisher=Charlton Athletic}}</ref> da Birmingham City . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2021 |title=Football Restructure |url=https://www.bcfc.com/news/articles/2021/football-restructure/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630132638/https://www.bcfc.com/news/articles/2021/football-restructure/ |archive-date=30 June 2021 |access-date=29 June 2021 |publisher=Birmingham City F.C.}}</ref> == Sana'a == === Birnin Norwich === An haife shi a Bury, Greater Manchester, <ref name="Marshall Joins Bury Fight">{{Cite web |title=Marshall Joins Bury Fight - Ipswich Town News |url=https://www.twtd.co.uk/ipswich-town-news/2905/marshall-joins-bury-fight/onthisday}}</ref> Marshall ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai horo tare da Norwich City. Ya fara wasa na farko da ya yi nasara a ƙungiyar a ranar 27 ga Disamba 1994 a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan da suka buga a [[Nottingham Forest FC|Nottingham Forest]], bayan raunin da mai tsaron gida Bryan Gunn ya samu. Raunin Gunn ya hana shi buga wasa har tsawon sauran kakar wasa kuma Marshall ya buga mafi yawan wasannin da City ta rage a wannan kakar. An fitar da su daga gasar. An sake mayar da Gunn a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko a Carrow Road a farkon kakar wasa mai zuwa, kuma Marshall ya yi zaman aro a Bournemouth da Gillingham don ƙara ƙwarewarsa ta farko a ƙungiyar. Gunn ya kasance a matsayin ɗan wasa na farko har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 1996-97, lokacin da aka cire shi a karon farko a rayuwarsa ta Norwich. Marshall ya yi amfani da damar don kafa kansa a matsayin ɗan wasa na ɗaya a Norwich, kuma duk da wahalar da yake sha wajen bugun ƙwallo - sau da yawa yana aika ƙwallon don jefa ƙwallo - ya zama ɗan wasa na farko kuma sanannen mutum a tsakanin magoya baya a lokacin da yake Carrow Road. Marshall ya ci gaba da bugawa Canaries wasanni 219. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] ==Manazarta== gynyoz4ogfr8a7eh4cebasxqmjlmzob 863092 863089 2026-06-21T13:48:18Z Dev ammar 21046 863092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Andrew John Marshall''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 1975) tsohon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Ingila wanda ya buga wa Norwich City, AFC Bournemouth, Gillingham, Ipswich Town, Wolverhampton Wanderers, Millwall, Coventry City da ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 ta Ingila . Ya fara koyarwa, kuma ya kasance kocin masu tsaron gida a [[Aston Villa FC|Aston Villa]] (inda ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci tare da Scott Marshall a 2015), Charlton Athletic <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2018 |title=Andy Marshall appointed as club's new Goalkeeper Coach |url=https://www.cafc.co.uk/news/view/5b335077c144b/andy-marshall-appointed-as-the-clubs-new-goalkeeper-coach |publisher=Charlton Athletic}}</ref> da Birmingham City . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2021 |title=Football Restructure |url=https://www.bcfc.com/news/articles/2021/football-restructure/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630132638/https://www.bcfc.com/news/articles/2021/football-restructure/ |archive-date=30 June 2021 |access-date=29 June 2021 |publisher=Birmingham City F.C.}}</ref> == Sana'a == === Birnin Norwich === An haife shi a Bury, Greater Manchester, <ref name="Marshall Joins Bury Fight">{{Cite web |title=Marshall Joins Bury Fight - Ipswich Town News |url=https://www.twtd.co.uk/ipswich-town-news/2905/marshall-joins-bury-fight/onthisday}}</ref> Marshall ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai horo tare da Norwich City. Ya fara wasa na farko da ya yi nasara a ƙungiyar a ranar 27 ga Disamba 1994 a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa a wasan da suka buga a [[Nottingham Forest FC|Nottingham Forest]], bayan raunin da mai tsaron gida Bryan Gunn ya samu. Raunin Gunn ya hana shi buga wasa har tsawon sauran kakar wasa kuma Marshall ya buga mafi yawan wasannin da City ta rage a wannan kakar. An fitar da su daga gasar. An sake mayar da Gunn a matsayin mai tsaron gida na farko a Carrow Road a farkon kakar wasa mai zuwa, kuma Marshall ya yi zaman aro a Bournemouth da Gillingham don ƙara ƙwarewarsa ta farko a ƙungiyar. Gunn ya kasance a matsayin ɗan wasa na farko har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 1996-97, lokacin da aka cire shi a karon farko a rayuwarsa ta Norwich. Marshall ya yi amfani da damar don kafa kansa a matsayin ɗan wasa na ɗaya a Norwich, kuma duk da wahalar da yake sha wajen bugun ƙwallo - sau da yawa yana aika ƙwallon don jefa ƙwallo - ya zama ɗan wasa na farko kuma sanannen mutum a tsakanin magoya baya a lokacin da yake Carrow Road. Marshall ya ci gaba da bugawa Canaries wasanni 219. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] ==Manazarta== jgymtq5is1rbcyjqf1q5gjd7j9olbhk 0 159113 863094 2026-06-21T13:49:22Z Abdurra'uf 23412 sabon muqala 863094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)''' == Manazarta == dlbjmt4jz8ine0zg0k5vkgl4a02f0ag 863095 863094 2026-06-21T13:50:13Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)''' Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Manazarta == kr5sqluvdtq8gobpzh54cdgufu1q6g3 863096 863095 2026-06-21T13:50:41Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Manazarta == lnip7jmr1xsemkle6gheyzacqx1uo5v 863097 863096 2026-06-21T13:51:58Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Manazarta == 6yc2aywf0hskmmair7m7wf80our9jyf 863098 863097 2026-06-21T13:52:27Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == == Manazarta == nvrql4z67urww2l43xf06llwkgp81j3 863099 863098 2026-06-21T13:53:31Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Harrison a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1960 a West Hartlepool, Ingila. Ta yi karatun digiri a Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, a shekarar 1979 don yin karatun tauhidi. Ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Oxford don yin bincike na gaba da digiri, sannan ta kammala digirin digirgir na Falsafa (DPhil) a shekarar 1988. Takardar digirin digirgir dinta mai taken "Mutumin da ke Duban Gilashi...": Wahayi da Kyawun Cikin Tunanin Saint Augustine. == Manazarta == dyy27vr01kyirxh3x2ioncqxetq21wn 863100 863099 2026-06-21T13:54:12Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863100 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Harrison a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1960 a West Hartlepool, Ingila. Ta yi karatun digiri a Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, a shekarar 1979 don yin karatun tauhidi. Ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Oxford don yin bincike na gaba da digiri, sannan ta kammala digirin digirgir na Falsafa (DPhil) a shekarar 1988. Takardar digirin digirgir dinta mai taken "Mutumin da ke Duban Gilashi...": Wahayi da Kyawun Cikin Tunanin Saint Augustine. == Aikin ilimi == == Manazarta == l63m7ikasaeu2vyed9pmazkdyy4sxen 863101 863100 2026-06-21T13:54:39Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala\ 863101 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Harrison a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1960 a West Hartlepool, Ingila. Ta yi karatun digiri a Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, a shekarar 1979 don yin karatun tauhidi. Ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Oxford don yin bincike na gaba da digiri, sannan ta kammala digirin digirgir na Falsafa (DPhil) a shekarar 1988. Takardar digirin digirgir dinta mai taken "Mutumin da ke Duban Gilashi...": Wahayi da Kyawun Cikin Tunanin Saint Augustine. == Aikin ilimi == Kafin ta koma Oxford, Harrison malamar jami'a ce a Sashen Tauhidi da Addini a Jami'ar Durham. Ta zama Farfesa a Tarihi da Tauhidi na Latin West. Ta kasance tare da kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Tauhidin Kiɗa ta Durham ta Duniya. == Manazarta == pnak76ipsti4g76t1jdsn4g8vmuma29 863103 863101 2026-06-21T13:55:28Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Harrison a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1960 a West Hartlepool, Ingila. Ta yi karatun digiri a Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, a shekarar 1979 don yin karatun tauhidi. Ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Oxford don yin bincike na gaba da digiri, sannan ta kammala digirin digirgir na Falsafa (DPhil) a shekarar 1988. Takardar digirin digirgir dinta mai taken "Mutumin da ke Duban Gilashi...": Wahayi da Kyawun Cikin Tunanin Saint Augustine. == Aikin ilimi == Kafin ta koma Oxford, Harrison malamar jami'a ce a Sashen Tauhidi da Addini a Jami'ar Durham. Ta zama Farfesa a Tarihi da Tauhidi na Latin West. Ta kasance tare da kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Tauhidin Kiɗa ta Durham ta Duniya. A watan Yulin 2014, an sanar da Harrison a matsayin Farfesa na gaba na Lady Margaret na Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford. Ta fara wannan aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2015, kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin abokiyar Cocin Christ, Oxford (kwalejin da ke da alaƙa da farfesa). A watan Afrilun 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin babban malamin cocin Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. A watan Afrilun 2017, Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Cuyo da ke Mendoza, Argentina ta ba ta digirin girmamawa na digirin digirgir. == Manazarta == 0lpnc106ft5vba7tvcngahejxfc258e 863106 863103 2026-06-21T13:56:15Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Harrison a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1960 a West Hartlepool, Ingila. Ta yi karatun digiri a Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, a shekarar 1979 don yin karatun tauhidi. Ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Oxford don yin bincike na gaba da digiri, sannan ta kammala digirin digirgir na Falsafa (DPhil) a shekarar 1988. Takardar digirin digirgir dinta mai taken "Mutumin da ke Duban Gilashi...": Wahayi da Kyawun Cikin Tunanin Saint Augustine. == Aikin ilimi == Kafin ta koma Oxford, Harrison malamar jami'a ce a Sashen Tauhidi da Addini a Jami'ar Durham. Ta zama Farfesa a Tarihi da Tauhidi na Latin West. Ta kasance tare da kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Tauhidin Kiɗa ta Durham ta Duniya. A watan Yulin 2014, an sanar da Harrison a matsayin Farfesa na gaba na Lady Margaret na Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford. Ta fara wannan aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2015, kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin abokiyar Cocin Christ, Oxford (kwalejin da ke da alaƙa da farfesa). A watan Afrilun 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin babban malamin cocin Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. A watan Afrilun 2017, Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Cuyo da ke Mendoza, Argentina ta ba ta digirin girmamawa na digirin digirgir. == Manazarta == 222ob192gld0oeuotme5ifsrf5gxwt0 863108 863106 2026-06-21T13:56:30Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Harrison a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1960 a West Hartlepool, Ingila. Ta yi karatun digiri a Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, a shekarar 1979 don yin karatun tauhidi. Ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Oxford don yin bincike na gaba da digiri, sannan ta kammala digirin digirgir na Falsafa (DPhil) a shekarar 1988. Takardar digirin digirgir dinta mai taken "Mutumin da ke Duban Gilashi...": Wahayi da Kyawun Cikin Tunanin Saint Augustine. == Aikin ilimi == Kafin ta koma Oxford, Harrison malamar jami'a ce a Sashen Tauhidi da Addini a Jami'ar Durham. Ta zama Farfesa a Tarihi da Tauhidi na Latin West. Ta kasance tare da kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Tauhidin Kiɗa ta Durham ta Duniya. A watan Yulin 2014, an sanar da Harrison a matsayin Farfesa na gaba na Lady Margaret na Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford. Ta fara wannan aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2015, kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin abokiyar Cocin Christ, Oxford (kwalejin da ke da alaƙa da farfesa). A watan Afrilun 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin babban malamin cocin Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. A watan Afrilun 2017, Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Cuyo da ke Mendoza, Argentina ta ba ta digirin girmamawa na digirin digirgir. A watan Yulin 2018, an zaɓi Harrison a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Burtaniya (FBA), makarantar koyon ilimin ɗan adam da zamantakewa ta Burtaniya. == Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka == == Manazarta == 0zfpcc7y9w1297jwj9codsh6nr6lpg7 863111 863108 2026-06-21T13:57:15Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Harrison a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1960 a West Hartlepool, Ingila. Ta yi karatun digiri a Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, a shekarar 1979 don yin karatun tauhidi. Ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Oxford don yin bincike na gaba da digiri, sannan ta kammala digirin digirgir na Falsafa (DPhil) a shekarar 1988. Takardar digirin digirgir dinta mai taken "Mutumin da ke Duban Gilashi...": Wahayi da Kyawun Cikin Tunanin Saint Augustine. == Aikin ilimi == Kafin ta koma Oxford, Harrison malamar jami'a ce a Sashen Tauhidi da Addini a Jami'ar Durham. Ta zama Farfesa a Tarihi da Tauhidi na Latin West. Ta kasance tare da kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Tauhidin Kiɗa ta Durham ta Duniya. A watan Yulin 2014, an sanar da Harrison a matsayin Farfesa na gaba na Lady Margaret na Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford. Ta fara wannan aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2015, kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin abokiyar Cocin Christ, Oxford (kwalejin da ke da alaƙa da farfesa). A watan Afrilun 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin babban malamin cocin Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. A watan Afrilun 2017, Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Cuyo da ke Mendoza, Argentina ta ba ta digirin girmamawa na digirin digirgir. A watan Yulin 2018, an zaɓi Harrison a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Burtaniya (FBA), makarantar koyon ilimin ɗan adam da zamantakewa ta Burtaniya. == Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka == *{{cite book|last1=Harrison|first1=Carol|title=Beauty and Revelation in the Thought of Saint Augustine|date=1992|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0198263422}} *{{cite book|last1=Harrison|first1=Carol|title=Augustine: Christian Truth and Fractured Humanity|date=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0198752202}} *{{cite book|last1=Harrison|first1=Carol|title=Rethinking Augustine's Early Theology an Argument for Continuity|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0199281661}} *{{cite book|last1=Harrison|first1=Carol|title=The Art of Listening in the Early Church|date=2013|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0199641437}} *{{cite book|last3=Sandwell|editor1-last=Harrison|editor1-first=Carol|editor2-last=Humfress|editor2-first=Caroline|editor3-last=Sandwell|editor3-first=Isabella|title=Being Christian in Late Antiquity: A Festschrift for [[Gillian Clark (historian)|Gillian Clark]]|date=2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0199656035}} == Manazarta == t01erldyhwq6v5xwpjg29wevyut3hec 863116 863111 2026-06-21T13:58:45Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol Harrison (masanin tauhidi)'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Harrison_(theologian)</ref> Carol Harrison FBA (an haife ta a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1960) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin tauhidi ce kuma masaniyar tarihi ta cocin Birtaniya, wacce ta ƙware a fannin Augustine na Hippo. Tun daga Janairu 2015, ta kasance Farfesa ta Lady Margaret ta Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford; ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan muƙamin. Ita abokiyar Cocin Christ ce, Oxford, kuma abokiyar girmamawa ce ta Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin Cathedral na Cocin Christ, Oxford. A da ita Farfesa ce ta Tarihi da Tauhidin Latin West a Jami'ar Durham.<ref>http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/news/people/appointments-31-july-2014/2014775.article</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Harrison a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1960 a West Hartlepool, Ingila. Ta yi karatun digiri a Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, a shekarar 1979 don yin karatun tauhidi. Ta ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Oxford don yin bincike na gaba da digiri, sannan ta kammala digirin digirgir na Falsafa (DPhil) a shekarar 1988. Takardar digirin digirgir dinta mai taken "Mutumin da ke Duban Gilashi...": Wahayi da Kyawun Cikin Tunanin Saint Augustine.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150522184124/http://www.theology.ox.ac.uk/news/lady-margaret-professorship-of-divinity-announced.html</ref><ref>http://www.lmh.ox.ac.uk/Tutors/Lecturers-%281%29/Profiles/Baroness-Hogg-of-Kettleworth-in-the-County-of--%282%29.aspx</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Kafin ta koma Oxford, Harrison malamar jami'a ce a Sashen Tauhidi da Addini a Jami'ar Durham. Ta zama Farfesa a Tarihi da Tauhidi na Latin West. Ta kasance tare da kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Tauhidin Kiɗa ta Durham ta Duniya.<ref>https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-289962</ref> A watan Yulin 2014, an sanar da Harrison a matsayin Farfesa na gaba na Lady Margaret na Divinity a Jami'ar Oxford. Ta fara wannan aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairun 2015, kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin abokiyar Cocin Christ, Oxford (kwalejin da ke da alaƙa da farfesa). A watan Afrilun 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin babban malamin cocin Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. A watan Afrilun 2017, Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Cuyo da ke Mendoza, Argentina ta ba ta digirin girmamawa na digirin digirgir.<ref>http://www.theworldofthebible.com/researcher-profile/new-lady-margaret-professor-divinity-oxford/</ref> A watan Yulin 2018, an zaɓi Harrison a matsayin memba na Kwalejin Burtaniya (FBA), makarantar koyon ilimin ɗan adam da zamantakewa ta Burtaniya. == Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka == *{{cite book|last1=Harrison|first1=Carol|title=Beauty and Revelation in the Thought of Saint Augustine|date=1992|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0198263422}} *{{cite book|last1=Harrison|first1=Carol|title=Augustine: Christian Truth and Fractured Humanity|date=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0198752202}} *{{cite book|last1=Harrison|first1=Carol|title=Rethinking Augustine's Early Theology an Argument for Continuity|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0199281661}} *{{cite book|last1=Harrison|first1=Carol|title=The Art of Listening in the Early Church|date=2013|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0199641437}} *{{cite book|last3=Sandwell|editor1-last=Harrison|editor1-first=Carol|editor2-last=Humfress|editor2-first=Caroline|editor3-last=Sandwell|editor3-first=Isabella|title=Being Christian in Late Antiquity: A Festschrift for [[Gillian Clark (historian)|Gillian Clark]]|date=2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0199656035}} == Manazarta == r926zzt2kkt578ozg5mkarv8tj0qkol 0 159114 863102 2026-06-21T13:55:10Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863102 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] t23dyr1yf7ddrb20b0vkdun2ovqq68q 863104 863102 2026-06-21T13:55:42Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863104 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> ckssm25bga8gq2fomh5goy3h4wtol1p 863105 863104 2026-06-21T13:55:58Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863105 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> A shekara ta 2006, Heather Stuart ta wallafa wata kasida, "Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments," inda ta tattauna yadda hoton rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yafi zama mara kyau kuma wadanda ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa galibi ana kiransu tashin hankali da masu laifi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Heather |date=2006 |title=Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments: What Effect Does it Have on People with Mental Illness? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |journal=CNS Drugs |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=99–106 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |issn=1172-7047 |pmid=16478286 |s2cid=21633246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kamar yadda jama'a gabaɗaya ba su da damar yin amfani da ko gogewa tare da ilimin halayyar asibiti, ana samun bayanan su game da marasa lafiya na asibiti daga [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]]. Tare da iyakantaccen ilimin da aka samu ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru, ana tsoron cewa hotuna da labarun da aka haɗu da su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai na iya shafar yanke shawara da hukunce-hukuncen da jama'a ke yi idan ya zo ga rayuwarsu ko samar da ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa ko zamantakewa, <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> yana ci gaba da kin amincewar jama'a ga marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ci gaba da ra'ayoyi tare da amfani da harshe na nuna bambanci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, da kuma kuskuren rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan wakilcin kafofin watsa labarai marasa kyau sun zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masu ilimi. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] k4bljo94us7w88paih1qbzlvirb4b55 863107 863105 2026-06-21T13:56:27Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863107 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> A shekara ta 2006, Heather Stuart ta wallafa wata kasida, "Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments," inda ta tattauna yadda hoton rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yafi zama mara kyau kuma wadanda ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa galibi ana kiransu tashin hankali da masu laifi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Heather |date=2006 |title=Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments: What Effect Does it Have on People with Mental Illness? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |journal=CNS Drugs |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=99–106 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |issn=1172-7047 |pmid=16478286 |s2cid=21633246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kamar yadda jama'a gabaɗaya ba su da damar yin amfani da ko gogewa tare da ilimin halayyar asibiti, ana samun bayanan su game da marasa lafiya na asibiti daga [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]]. Tare da iyakantaccen ilimin da aka samu ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru, ana tsoron cewa hotuna da labarun da aka haɗu da su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai na iya shafar yanke shawara da hukunce-hukuncen da jama'a ke yi idan ya zo ga rayuwarsu ko samar da ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa ko zamantakewa, <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> yana ci gaba da kin amincewar jama'a ga marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ci gaba da ra'ayoyi tare da amfani da harshe na nuna bambanci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, da kuma kuskuren rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan wakilcin kafofin watsa labarai marasa kyau sun zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masu ilimi. == Fim da talabijin == Idan ya zo ga hotuna a cikin nishaɗi, hotuna yawanci suna wakiltar halayen marasa lafiya na hankali kamar yadda suke da bambanci, sau da yawa suna wuce gona da iri don rarrabe su daga halayen al'ada. A cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe na yin fim, galibi ana nuna su a matsayin masu laifi, sau da yawa ko dai wadanda abin ya shafa ko masu aikata tashin hankali, kuma gabaɗaya suna da haɗari.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] a4zyoalbmu5q6jcfecu1gk2lky5uif6 863109 863107 2026-06-21T13:56:52Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863109 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> A shekara ta 2006, Heather Stuart ta wallafa wata kasida, "Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments," inda ta tattauna yadda hoton rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yafi zama mara kyau kuma wadanda ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa galibi ana kiransu tashin hankali da masu laifi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Heather |date=2006 |title=Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments: What Effect Does it Have on People with Mental Illness? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |journal=CNS Drugs |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=99–106 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |issn=1172-7047 |pmid=16478286 |s2cid=21633246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kamar yadda jama'a gabaɗaya ba su da damar yin amfani da ko gogewa tare da ilimin halayyar asibiti, ana samun bayanan su game da marasa lafiya na asibiti daga [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]]. Tare da iyakantaccen ilimin da aka samu ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru, ana tsoron cewa hotuna da labarun da aka haɗu da su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai na iya shafar yanke shawara da hukunce-hukuncen da jama'a ke yi idan ya zo ga rayuwarsu ko samar da ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa ko zamantakewa, <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> yana ci gaba da kin amincewar jama'a ga marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ci gaba da ra'ayoyi tare da amfani da harshe na nuna bambanci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, da kuma kuskuren rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan wakilcin kafofin watsa labarai marasa kyau sun zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masu ilimi. == Fim da talabijin == Idan ya zo ga hotuna a cikin nishaɗi, hotuna yawanci suna wakiltar halayen marasa lafiya na hankali kamar yadda suke da bambanci, sau da yawa suna wuce gona da iri don rarrabe su daga halayen al'ada. A cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe na yin fim, galibi ana nuna su a matsayin masu laifi, sau da yawa ko dai wadanda abin ya shafa ko masu aikata tashin hankali, kuma gabaɗaya suna da haɗari.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Juyin halitta na wakiltar rashin lafiya a cikin fim === Wani abu da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin fina-finai da talabijin yana nuna masu laifi ko masu ''Kisan kai'' a matsayin marasa lafiya. Wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne a cikin tarihin yin fim da fim. Da farko an gabatar da su a farkon shekarun 1900, fina-finai kamar Dr. Mabuse, the Gambler (1922) da The <nowiki><i id="mwUA">Black Cat</i></nowiki> (1934) sun nuna masu cutar da hankali a matsayin mahaukaci, mugayen likitoci.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Sa'an nan, tare da tashiwar fina-finai na Alfred Hitchcock, ya gabatar da mai kisan gilla a cikin ''Psycho'' (1960), wanda aka yi amfani da halinsa a fina-fakkaatu kamar Homicidal (1961), Maniac (1963), Paranoiac (1963). <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Shekaru na 1970 da 1980 sun kawo shahararren fim din "slasher", suna gabatar da halayen ban tsoro kamar [[Halloween (franchise)|''Halloween'']])" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Michael Myers (Halloween)">Michael Myers, Jason, da Freddy Kruger daga franchises Halloween, Jumma'a ta 13, da A Nightmare on Elm Street, bi da bi.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] akjv522qk5ply8961q8k8qq575szf5p 863110 863109 2026-06-21T13:57:15Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863110 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> A shekara ta 2006, Heather Stuart ta wallafa wata kasida, "Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments," inda ta tattauna yadda hoton rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yafi zama mara kyau kuma wadanda ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa galibi ana kiransu tashin hankali da masu laifi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Heather |date=2006 |title=Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments: What Effect Does it Have on People with Mental Illness? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |journal=CNS Drugs |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=99–106 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |issn=1172-7047 |pmid=16478286 |s2cid=21633246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kamar yadda jama'a gabaɗaya ba su da damar yin amfani da ko gogewa tare da ilimin halayyar asibiti, ana samun bayanan su game da marasa lafiya na asibiti daga [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]]. Tare da iyakantaccen ilimin da aka samu ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru, ana tsoron cewa hotuna da labarun da aka haɗu da su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai na iya shafar yanke shawara da hukunce-hukuncen da jama'a ke yi idan ya zo ga rayuwarsu ko samar da ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa ko zamantakewa, <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> yana ci gaba da kin amincewar jama'a ga marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ci gaba da ra'ayoyi tare da amfani da harshe na nuna bambanci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, da kuma kuskuren rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan wakilcin kafofin watsa labarai marasa kyau sun zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masu ilimi. == Fim da talabijin == Idan ya zo ga hotuna a cikin nishaɗi, hotuna yawanci suna wakiltar halayen marasa lafiya na hankali kamar yadda suke da bambanci, sau da yawa suna wuce gona da iri don rarrabe su daga halayen al'ada. A cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe na yin fim, galibi ana nuna su a matsayin masu laifi, sau da yawa ko dai wadanda abin ya shafa ko masu aikata tashin hankali, kuma gabaɗaya suna da haɗari.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Juyin halitta na wakiltar rashin lafiya a cikin fim === Wani abu da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin fina-finai da talabijin yana nuna masu laifi ko masu ''Kisan kai'' a matsayin marasa lafiya. Wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne a cikin tarihin yin fim da fim. Da farko an gabatar da su a farkon shekarun 1900, fina-finai kamar Dr. Mabuse, the Gambler (1922) da The <nowiki><i id="mwUA">Black Cat</i></nowiki> (1934) sun nuna masu cutar da hankali a matsayin mahaukaci, mugayen likitoci.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Sa'an nan, tare da tashiwar fina-finai na Alfred Hitchcock, ya gabatar da mai kisan gilla a cikin ''Psycho'' (1960), wanda aka yi amfani da halinsa a fina-fakkaatu kamar Homicidal (1961), Maniac (1963), Paranoiac (1963). <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Shekaru na 1970 da 1980 sun kawo shahararren fim din "slasher", suna gabatar da halayen ban tsoro kamar [[Halloween (franchise)|''Halloween'']])" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Michael Myers (Halloween)">Michael Myers, Jason, da Freddy Kruger daga franchises Halloween, Jumma'a ta 13, da A Nightmare on Elm Street, bi da bi.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Bayanan tashin hankali na rashin lafiya na hankali === Rashin jin daɗi da ke kewaye da rashin lafiya na hankali yana da sakamako na ainihi ga waɗanda ke fuskantar waɗannan cututtukan. Bincike da yawa, duka a cikin nau'ikan gwaji da bincike, sun kammala cewa bayyanar kafofin watsa labarai tana shafar zargi na rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bni4jnjrq64bxhg1x1nwwh4ndm9z2fe 863112 863110 2026-06-21T13:57:41Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863112 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> A shekara ta 2006, Heather Stuart ta wallafa wata kasida, "Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments," inda ta tattauna yadda hoton rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yafi zama mara kyau kuma wadanda ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa galibi ana kiransu tashin hankali da masu laifi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Heather |date=2006 |title=Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments: What Effect Does it Have on People with Mental Illness? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |journal=CNS Drugs |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=99–106 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |issn=1172-7047 |pmid=16478286 |s2cid=21633246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kamar yadda jama'a gabaɗaya ba su da damar yin amfani da ko gogewa tare da ilimin halayyar asibiti, ana samun bayanan su game da marasa lafiya na asibiti daga [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]]. Tare da iyakantaccen ilimin da aka samu ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru, ana tsoron cewa hotuna da labarun da aka haɗu da su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai na iya shafar yanke shawara da hukunce-hukuncen da jama'a ke yi idan ya zo ga rayuwarsu ko samar da ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa ko zamantakewa, <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> yana ci gaba da kin amincewar jama'a ga marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ci gaba da ra'ayoyi tare da amfani da harshe na nuna bambanci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, da kuma kuskuren rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan wakilcin kafofin watsa labarai marasa kyau sun zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masu ilimi. == Fim da talabijin == Idan ya zo ga hotuna a cikin nishaɗi, hotuna yawanci suna wakiltar halayen marasa lafiya na hankali kamar yadda suke da bambanci, sau da yawa suna wuce gona da iri don rarrabe su daga halayen al'ada. A cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe na yin fim, galibi ana nuna su a matsayin masu laifi, sau da yawa ko dai wadanda abin ya shafa ko masu aikata tashin hankali, kuma gabaɗaya suna da haɗari.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Juyin halitta na wakiltar rashin lafiya a cikin fim === Wani abu da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin fina-finai da talabijin yana nuna masu laifi ko masu ''Kisan kai'' a matsayin marasa lafiya. Wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne a cikin tarihin yin fim da fim. Da farko an gabatar da su a farkon shekarun 1900, fina-finai kamar Dr. Mabuse, the Gambler (1922) da The <nowiki><i id="mwUA">Black Cat</i></nowiki> (1934) sun nuna masu cutar da hankali a matsayin mahaukaci, mugayen likitoci.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Sa'an nan, tare da tashiwar fina-finai na Alfred Hitchcock, ya gabatar da mai kisan gilla a cikin ''Psycho'' (1960), wanda aka yi amfani da halinsa a fina-fakkaatu kamar Homicidal (1961), Maniac (1963), Paranoiac (1963). <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Shekaru na 1970 da 1980 sun kawo shahararren fim din "slasher", suna gabatar da halayen ban tsoro kamar [[Halloween (franchise)|''Halloween'']])" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Michael Myers (Halloween)">Michael Myers, Jason, da Freddy Kruger daga franchises Halloween, Jumma'a ta 13, da A Nightmare on Elm Street, bi da bi.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Bayanan tashin hankali na rashin lafiya na hankali === Rashin jin daɗi da ke kewaye da rashin lafiya na hankali yana da sakamako na ainihi ga waɗanda ke fuskantar waɗannan cututtukan. Bincike da yawa, duka a cikin nau'ikan gwaji da bincike, sun kammala cewa bayyanar kafofin watsa labarai tana shafar zargi na rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Duk da yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke nunawa game da mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali suna da tashin hankali ko shiga cikin ayyukan aikata laifuka, ba su da yawa a cikin ainihin duniya fiye da yadda kafofin yada labarai ke nuna. Daga cikin mutane miliyan 40+ a Amurka waɗanda aka rarraba su a matsayin masu fama da rashin lafiya na kwakwalwa, tashin hankali ko aikata laifuka suna faruwa ne kawai a cikin 10-12% na cututtukan kwakwalwa. Koyaya, yayin da shirye-shiryen fina-finai da talabijin ke amfani da wannan ma'anar don ba da labari mai ban mamaki, jama'a galibi suna zaton cewa ainihin duniya tana nuna hotunan kafofin watsa labarai. Masana sun fara nazarin wannan yanayin a cikin shekarun 1950, duk da haka batun ya ci gaba har zuwa karni na 21. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] enhs58vu1bdia4n9w3ptepk073whbq0 863113 863112 2026-06-21T13:58:01Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863113 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> A shekara ta 2006, Heather Stuart ta wallafa wata kasida, "Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments," inda ta tattauna yadda hoton rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yafi zama mara kyau kuma wadanda ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa galibi ana kiransu tashin hankali da masu laifi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Heather |date=2006 |title=Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments: What Effect Does it Have on People with Mental Illness? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |journal=CNS Drugs |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=99–106 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |issn=1172-7047 |pmid=16478286 |s2cid=21633246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kamar yadda jama'a gabaɗaya ba su da damar yin amfani da ko gogewa tare da ilimin halayyar asibiti, ana samun bayanan su game da marasa lafiya na asibiti daga [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]]. Tare da iyakantaccen ilimin da aka samu ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru, ana tsoron cewa hotuna da labarun da aka haɗu da su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai na iya shafar yanke shawara da hukunce-hukuncen da jama'a ke yi idan ya zo ga rayuwarsu ko samar da ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa ko zamantakewa, <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> yana ci gaba da kin amincewar jama'a ga marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ci gaba da ra'ayoyi tare da amfani da harshe na nuna bambanci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, da kuma kuskuren rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan wakilcin kafofin watsa labarai marasa kyau sun zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masu ilimi. == Fim da talabijin == Idan ya zo ga hotuna a cikin nishaɗi, hotuna yawanci suna wakiltar halayen marasa lafiya na hankali kamar yadda suke da bambanci, sau da yawa suna wuce gona da iri don rarrabe su daga halayen al'ada. A cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe na yin fim, galibi ana nuna su a matsayin masu laifi, sau da yawa ko dai wadanda abin ya shafa ko masu aikata tashin hankali, kuma gabaɗaya suna da haɗari.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Juyin halitta na wakiltar rashin lafiya a cikin fim === Wani abu da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin fina-finai da talabijin yana nuna masu laifi ko masu ''Kisan kai'' a matsayin marasa lafiya. Wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne a cikin tarihin yin fim da fim. Da farko an gabatar da su a farkon shekarun 1900, fina-finai kamar Dr. Mabuse, the Gambler (1922) da The <nowiki><i id="mwUA">Black Cat</i></nowiki> (1934) sun nuna masu cutar da hankali a matsayin mahaukaci, mugayen likitoci.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Sa'an nan, tare da tashiwar fina-finai na Alfred Hitchcock, ya gabatar da mai kisan gilla a cikin ''Psycho'' (1960), wanda aka yi amfani da halinsa a fina-fakkaatu kamar Homicidal (1961), Maniac (1963), Paranoiac (1963). <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Shekaru na 1970 da 1980 sun kawo shahararren fim din "slasher", suna gabatar da halayen ban tsoro kamar [[Halloween (franchise)|''Halloween'']])" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Michael Myers (Halloween)">Michael Myers, Jason, da Freddy Kruger daga franchises Halloween, Jumma'a ta 13, da A Nightmare on Elm Street, bi da bi.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Bayanan tashin hankali na rashin lafiya na hankali === Rashin jin daɗi da ke kewaye da rashin lafiya na hankali yana da sakamako na ainihi ga waɗanda ke fuskantar waɗannan cututtukan. Bincike da yawa, duka a cikin nau'ikan gwaji da bincike, sun kammala cewa bayyanar kafofin watsa labarai tana shafar zargi na rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Duk da yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke nunawa game da mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali suna da tashin hankali ko shiga cikin ayyukan aikata laifuka, ba su da yawa a cikin ainihin duniya fiye da yadda kafofin yada labarai ke nuna. Daga cikin mutane miliyan 40+ a Amurka waɗanda aka rarraba su a matsayin masu fama da rashin lafiya na kwakwalwa, tashin hankali ko aikata laifuka suna faruwa ne kawai a cikin 10-12% na cututtukan kwakwalwa. Koyaya, yayin da shirye-shiryen fina-finai da talabijin ke amfani da wannan ma'anar don ba da labari mai ban mamaki, jama'a galibi suna zaton cewa ainihin duniya tana nuna hotunan kafofin watsa labarai. Masana sun fara nazarin wannan yanayin a cikin shekarun 1950, duk da haka batun ya ci gaba har zuwa karni na 21. A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, damuwa game da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai na rashin lafiya na hankali ya fara zama sananne. A lokacin, ana amfani da masu tantance gidan talabijin don tantance matakin kallo (mutum kawai, masu aminci ga iyali, ko abubuwan da ake buƙata) wanda ya dace bisa ga abubuwan fim din.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gerbner |first=George |date=1959 |title=Mental illness on television: A study of censorship |journal=Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=293–303 |doi=10.1080/08838155909385890}}</ref> George Gerbner, kafin ya haɓaka ka'idar noma, ya yi nazarin fina-finai da aka tantance kuma ya gano cewa a cikin 1951, fina-fukkuna biyar ne kawai ke ƙunshe da wakilcin rashin lafiya. Koyaya, a shekara ta 1957, adadin ya tashi zuwa fina-finai 170, yana nuna damuwa mai yawa game da kuskuren da tasirin su. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] izsvio0i1j0sdhyasjndj7dnuulw759 863114 863113 2026-06-21T13:58:22Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863114 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> A shekara ta 2006, Heather Stuart ta wallafa wata kasida, "Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments," inda ta tattauna yadda hoton rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yafi zama mara kyau kuma wadanda ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa galibi ana kiransu tashin hankali da masu laifi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Heather |date=2006 |title=Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments: What Effect Does it Have on People with Mental Illness? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |journal=CNS Drugs |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=99–106 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |issn=1172-7047 |pmid=16478286 |s2cid=21633246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kamar yadda jama'a gabaɗaya ba su da damar yin amfani da ko gogewa tare da ilimin halayyar asibiti, ana samun bayanan su game da marasa lafiya na asibiti daga [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]]. Tare da iyakantaccen ilimin da aka samu ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru, ana tsoron cewa hotuna da labarun da aka haɗu da su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai na iya shafar yanke shawara da hukunce-hukuncen da jama'a ke yi idan ya zo ga rayuwarsu ko samar da ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa ko zamantakewa, <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> yana ci gaba da kin amincewar jama'a ga marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ci gaba da ra'ayoyi tare da amfani da harshe na nuna bambanci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, da kuma kuskuren rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan wakilcin kafofin watsa labarai marasa kyau sun zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masu ilimi. == Fim da talabijin == Idan ya zo ga hotuna a cikin nishaɗi, hotuna yawanci suna wakiltar halayen marasa lafiya na hankali kamar yadda suke da bambanci, sau da yawa suna wuce gona da iri don rarrabe su daga halayen al'ada. A cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe na yin fim, galibi ana nuna su a matsayin masu laifi, sau da yawa ko dai wadanda abin ya shafa ko masu aikata tashin hankali, kuma gabaɗaya suna da haɗari.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Juyin halitta na wakiltar rashin lafiya a cikin fim === Wani abu da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin fina-finai da talabijin yana nuna masu laifi ko masu ''Kisan kai'' a matsayin marasa lafiya. Wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne a cikin tarihin yin fim da fim. Da farko an gabatar da su a farkon shekarun 1900, fina-finai kamar Dr. Mabuse, the Gambler (1922) da The <nowiki><i id="mwUA">Black Cat</i></nowiki> (1934) sun nuna masu cutar da hankali a matsayin mahaukaci, mugayen likitoci.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Sa'an nan, tare da tashiwar fina-finai na Alfred Hitchcock, ya gabatar da mai kisan gilla a cikin ''Psycho'' (1960), wanda aka yi amfani da halinsa a fina-fakkaatu kamar Homicidal (1961), Maniac (1963), Paranoiac (1963). <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Shekaru na 1970 da 1980 sun kawo shahararren fim din "slasher", suna gabatar da halayen ban tsoro kamar [[Halloween (franchise)|''Halloween'']])" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Michael Myers (Halloween)">Michael Myers, Jason, da Freddy Kruger daga franchises Halloween, Jumma'a ta 13, da A Nightmare on Elm Street, bi da bi.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Bayanan tashin hankali na rashin lafiya na hankali === Rashin jin daɗi da ke kewaye da rashin lafiya na hankali yana da sakamako na ainihi ga waɗanda ke fuskantar waɗannan cututtukan. Bincike da yawa, duka a cikin nau'ikan gwaji da bincike, sun kammala cewa bayyanar kafofin watsa labarai tana shafar zargi na rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Duk da yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke nunawa game da mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali suna da tashin hankali ko shiga cikin ayyukan aikata laifuka, ba su da yawa a cikin ainihin duniya fiye da yadda kafofin yada labarai ke nuna. Daga cikin mutane miliyan 40+ a Amurka waɗanda aka rarraba su a matsayin masu fama da rashin lafiya na kwakwalwa, tashin hankali ko aikata laifuka suna faruwa ne kawai a cikin 10-12% na cututtukan kwakwalwa. Koyaya, yayin da shirye-shiryen fina-finai da talabijin ke amfani da wannan ma'anar don ba da labari mai ban mamaki, jama'a galibi suna zaton cewa ainihin duniya tana nuna hotunan kafofin watsa labarai. Masana sun fara nazarin wannan yanayin a cikin shekarun 1950, duk da haka batun ya ci gaba har zuwa karni na 21. A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, damuwa game da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai na rashin lafiya na hankali ya fara zama sananne. A lokacin, ana amfani da masu tantance gidan talabijin don tantance matakin kallo (mutum kawai, masu aminci ga iyali, ko abubuwan da ake buƙata) wanda ya dace bisa ga abubuwan fim din.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gerbner |first=George |date=1959 |title=Mental illness on television: A study of censorship |journal=Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=293–303 |doi=10.1080/08838155909385890}}</ref> George Gerbner, kafin ya haɓaka ka'idar noma, ya yi nazarin fina-finai da aka tantance kuma ya gano cewa a cikin 1951, fina-fukkuna biyar ne kawai ke ƙunshe da wakilcin rashin lafiya. Koyaya, a shekara ta 1957, adadin ya tashi zuwa fina-finai 170, yana nuna damuwa mai yawa game da kuskuren da tasirin su. Kodayake damuwa game da tasirin ya fara girma, hotunan tashin hankali sun kasance iri ɗaya. A cikin binciken da aka gudanar a shekarar 1989 ta hanyar Al'adun Al'adu, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Signorielli |first=Nancy |date=1989 |title=The stigma of mental illness on television |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08838158909364085 |journal=Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media |language=en |volume=33 |issue=3 |pages=325–331 |doi=10.1080/08838158909364085 |issn=0883-8151 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> sun bincika hoton halayen marasa lafiya a shirye-shiryen talabijin 1,215 tsakanin 1969 da 1985. Sun gano cewa 3 daga cikin haruffa 4 suna da hannu a cikin yanayin tashin hankali, ko dai sun zama wadanda ke fama da tashin hankali ko aikata shi. Baya ga mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali da ke da halin tashin hankali, suna kuma nisanta kansu daga ƙaunatattun su, kuma sau da yawa ba sa aiki. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] b61928fadwrywur097mkxwujtic15r5 863115 863114 2026-06-21T13:58:44Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863115 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> A shekara ta 2006, Heather Stuart ta wallafa wata kasida, "Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments," inda ta tattauna yadda hoton rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yafi zama mara kyau kuma wadanda ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa galibi ana kiransu tashin hankali da masu laifi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Heather |date=2006 |title=Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments: What Effect Does it Have on People with Mental Illness? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |journal=CNS Drugs |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=99–106 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |issn=1172-7047 |pmid=16478286 |s2cid=21633246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kamar yadda jama'a gabaɗaya ba su da damar yin amfani da ko gogewa tare da ilimin halayyar asibiti, ana samun bayanan su game da marasa lafiya na asibiti daga [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]]. Tare da iyakantaccen ilimin da aka samu ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru, ana tsoron cewa hotuna da labarun da aka haɗu da su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai na iya shafar yanke shawara da hukunce-hukuncen da jama'a ke yi idan ya zo ga rayuwarsu ko samar da ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa ko zamantakewa, <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> yana ci gaba da kin amincewar jama'a ga marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ci gaba da ra'ayoyi tare da amfani da harshe na nuna bambanci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, da kuma kuskuren rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan wakilcin kafofin watsa labarai marasa kyau sun zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masu ilimi. == Fim da talabijin == Idan ya zo ga hotuna a cikin nishaɗi, hotuna yawanci suna wakiltar halayen marasa lafiya na hankali kamar yadda suke da bambanci, sau da yawa suna wuce gona da iri don rarrabe su daga halayen al'ada. A cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe na yin fim, galibi ana nuna su a matsayin masu laifi, sau da yawa ko dai wadanda abin ya shafa ko masu aikata tashin hankali, kuma gabaɗaya suna da haɗari.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Juyin halitta na wakiltar rashin lafiya a cikin fim === Wani abu da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin fina-finai da talabijin yana nuna masu laifi ko masu ''Kisan kai'' a matsayin marasa lafiya. Wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne a cikin tarihin yin fim da fim. Da farko an gabatar da su a farkon shekarun 1900, fina-finai kamar Dr. Mabuse, the Gambler (1922) da The <nowiki><i id="mwUA">Black Cat</i></nowiki> (1934) sun nuna masu cutar da hankali a matsayin mahaukaci, mugayen likitoci.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Sa'an nan, tare da tashiwar fina-finai na Alfred Hitchcock, ya gabatar da mai kisan gilla a cikin ''Psycho'' (1960), wanda aka yi amfani da halinsa a fina-fakkaatu kamar Homicidal (1961), Maniac (1963), Paranoiac (1963). <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Shekaru na 1970 da 1980 sun kawo shahararren fim din "slasher", suna gabatar da halayen ban tsoro kamar [[Halloween (franchise)|''Halloween'']])" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Michael Myers (Halloween)">Michael Myers, Jason, da Freddy Kruger daga franchises Halloween, Jumma'a ta 13, da A Nightmare on Elm Street, bi da bi.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Bayanan tashin hankali na rashin lafiya na hankali === Rashin jin daɗi da ke kewaye da rashin lafiya na hankali yana da sakamako na ainihi ga waɗanda ke fuskantar waɗannan cututtukan. Bincike da yawa, duka a cikin nau'ikan gwaji da bincike, sun kammala cewa bayyanar kafofin watsa labarai tana shafar zargi na rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Duk da yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke nunawa game da mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali suna da tashin hankali ko shiga cikin ayyukan aikata laifuka, ba su da yawa a cikin ainihin duniya fiye da yadda kafofin yada labarai ke nuna. Daga cikin mutane miliyan 40+ a Amurka waɗanda aka rarraba su a matsayin masu fama da rashin lafiya na kwakwalwa, tashin hankali ko aikata laifuka suna faruwa ne kawai a cikin 10-12% na cututtukan kwakwalwa. Koyaya, yayin da shirye-shiryen fina-finai da talabijin ke amfani da wannan ma'anar don ba da labari mai ban mamaki, jama'a galibi suna zaton cewa ainihin duniya tana nuna hotunan kafofin watsa labarai. Masana sun fara nazarin wannan yanayin a cikin shekarun 1950, duk da haka batun ya ci gaba har zuwa karni na 21. A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, damuwa game da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai na rashin lafiya na hankali ya fara zama sananne. A lokacin, ana amfani da masu tantance gidan talabijin don tantance matakin kallo (mutum kawai, masu aminci ga iyali, ko abubuwan da ake buƙata) wanda ya dace bisa ga abubuwan fim din.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gerbner |first=George |date=1959 |title=Mental illness on television: A study of censorship |journal=Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=293–303 |doi=10.1080/08838155909385890}}</ref> George Gerbner, kafin ya haɓaka ka'idar noma, ya yi nazarin fina-finai da aka tantance kuma ya gano cewa a cikin 1951, fina-fukkuna biyar ne kawai ke ƙunshe da wakilcin rashin lafiya. Koyaya, a shekara ta 1957, adadin ya tashi zuwa fina-finai 170, yana nuna damuwa mai yawa game da kuskuren da tasirin su. Kodayake damuwa game da tasirin ya fara girma, hotunan tashin hankali sun kasance iri ɗaya. A cikin binciken da aka gudanar a shekarar 1989 ta hanyar Al'adun Al'adu, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Signorielli |first=Nancy |date=1989 |title=The stigma of mental illness on television |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08838158909364085 |journal=Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media |language=en |volume=33 |issue=3 |pages=325–331 |doi=10.1080/08838158909364085 |issn=0883-8151 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> sun bincika hoton halayen marasa lafiya a shirye-shiryen talabijin 1,215 tsakanin 1969 da 1985. Sun gano cewa 3 daga cikin haruffa 4 suna da hannu a cikin yanayin tashin hankali, ko dai sun zama wadanda ke fama da tashin hankali ko aikata shi. Baya ga mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali da ke da halin tashin hankali, suna kuma nisanta kansu daga ƙaunatattun su, kuma sau da yawa ba sa aiki. A ƙarshe, kusan shekaru 50 bayan ɗaya daga cikin binciken da aka yi na farko wanda ya bincika yawan amfani da marasa lafiya, haruffa masu tashin hankali a cikin kafofin watsa labarai, kuskuren ya ci gaba, har ma a cikin karni na 21. Diefenbach da West sun gudanar da binciken noma wanda ya bincika awanni 84 na talabijin na farko tsakanin manyan cibiyoyin sadarwa a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2003. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Diefenbach |first=D.L. |last2=West |first2=M.D. |date=2007 |title=Television and attitudes toward mental health issues: Cultivation analysis and the third-person effect |journal=Journal of Community Psychology |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=181–195 |doi=10.1002/jcop.20142}}</ref> Sun gano cewa mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali a talabijin sun fi iya aikata laifuka masu tsanani fiye da kididdigar duniya ta ainihi. Kashi 4% ne kawai na mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa a cikin duniyar gaske ana nuna su a matsayin masu tashin hankali, yayin da kashi 37% na mutanen da ba su da hankali a talabijin ana nuna su da tashin hankali. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] skii60s7pic34lsjnb9hnv4qbviqict 863117 863115 2026-06-21T13:59:38Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863117 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> A shekara ta 2006, Heather Stuart ta wallafa wata kasida, "Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments," inda ta tattauna yadda hoton rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yafi zama mara kyau kuma wadanda ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa galibi ana kiransu tashin hankali da masu laifi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Heather |date=2006 |title=Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments: What Effect Does it Have on People with Mental Illness? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |journal=CNS Drugs |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=99–106 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |issn=1172-7047 |pmid=16478286 |s2cid=21633246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kamar yadda jama'a gabaɗaya ba su da damar yin amfani da ko gogewa tare da ilimin halayyar asibiti, ana samun bayanan su game da marasa lafiya na asibiti daga [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]]. Tare da iyakantaccen ilimin da aka samu ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru, ana tsoron cewa hotuna da labarun da aka haɗu da su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai na iya shafar yanke shawara da hukunce-hukuncen da jama'a ke yi idan ya zo ga rayuwarsu ko samar da ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa ko zamantakewa, <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> yana ci gaba da kin amincewar jama'a ga marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ci gaba da ra'ayoyi tare da amfani da harshe na nuna bambanci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, da kuma kuskuren rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan wakilcin kafofin watsa labarai marasa kyau sun zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masu ilimi. == Fim da talabijin == Idan ya zo ga hotuna a cikin nishaɗi, hotuna yawanci suna wakiltar halayen marasa lafiya na hankali kamar yadda suke da bambanci, sau da yawa suna wuce gona da iri don rarrabe su daga halayen al'ada. A cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe na yin fim, galibi ana nuna su a matsayin masu laifi, sau da yawa ko dai wadanda abin ya shafa ko masu aikata tashin hankali, kuma gabaɗaya suna da haɗari.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Juyin halitta na wakiltar rashin lafiya a cikin fim === Wani abu da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin fina-finai da talabijin yana nuna masu laifi ko masu ''Kisan kai'' a matsayin marasa lafiya. Wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne a cikin tarihin yin fim da fim. Da farko an gabatar da su a farkon shekarun 1900, fina-finai kamar Dr. Mabuse, the Gambler (1922) da The <nowiki><i id="mwUA">Black Cat</i></nowiki> (1934) sun nuna masu cutar da hankali a matsayin mahaukaci, mugayen likitoci.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Sa'an nan, tare da tashiwar fina-finai na Alfred Hitchcock, ya gabatar da mai kisan gilla a cikin ''Psycho'' (1960), wanda aka yi amfani da halinsa a fina-fakkaatu kamar Homicidal (1961), Maniac (1963), Paranoiac (1963). <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Shekaru na 1970 da 1980 sun kawo shahararren fim din "slasher", suna gabatar da halayen ban tsoro kamar [[Halloween (franchise)|''Halloween'']])" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Michael Myers (Halloween)">Michael Myers, Jason, da Freddy Kruger daga franchises Halloween, Jumma'a ta 13, da A Nightmare on Elm Street, bi da bi.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Bayanan tashin hankali na rashin lafiya na hankali === Rashin jin daɗi da ke kewaye da rashin lafiya na hankali yana da sakamako na ainihi ga waɗanda ke fuskantar waɗannan cututtukan. Bincike da yawa, duka a cikin nau'ikan gwaji da bincike, sun kammala cewa bayyanar kafofin watsa labarai tana shafar zargi na rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Duk da yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke nunawa game da mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali suna da tashin hankali ko shiga cikin ayyukan aikata laifuka, ba su da yawa a cikin ainihin duniya fiye da yadda kafofin yada labarai ke nuna. Daga cikin mutane miliyan 40+ a Amurka waɗanda aka rarraba su a matsayin masu fama da rashin lafiya na kwakwalwa, tashin hankali ko aikata laifuka suna faruwa ne kawai a cikin 10-12% na cututtukan kwakwalwa. Koyaya, yayin da shirye-shiryen fina-finai da talabijin ke amfani da wannan ma'anar don ba da labari mai ban mamaki, jama'a galibi suna zaton cewa ainihin duniya tana nuna hotunan kafofin watsa labarai. Masana sun fara nazarin wannan yanayin a cikin shekarun 1950, duk da haka batun ya ci gaba har zuwa karni na 21. A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, damuwa game da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai na rashin lafiya na hankali ya fara zama sananne. A lokacin, ana amfani da masu tantance gidan talabijin don tantance matakin kallo (mutum kawai, masu aminci ga iyali, ko abubuwan da ake buƙata) wanda ya dace bisa ga abubuwan fim din.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gerbner |first=George |date=1959 |title=Mental illness on television: A study of censorship |journal=Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=293–303 |doi=10.1080/08838155909385890}}</ref> George Gerbner, kafin ya haɓaka ka'idar noma, ya yi nazarin fina-finai da aka tantance kuma ya gano cewa a cikin 1951, fina-fukkuna biyar ne kawai ke ƙunshe da wakilcin rashin lafiya. Koyaya, a shekara ta 1957, adadin ya tashi zuwa fina-finai 170, yana nuna damuwa mai yawa game da kuskuren da tasirin su. Kodayake damuwa game da tasirin ya fara girma, hotunan tashin hankali sun kasance iri ɗaya. A cikin binciken da aka gudanar a shekarar 1989 ta hanyar Al'adun Al'adu, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Signorielli |first=Nancy |date=1989 |title=The stigma of mental illness on television |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08838158909364085 |journal=Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media |language=en |volume=33 |issue=3 |pages=325–331 |doi=10.1080/08838158909364085 |issn=0883-8151 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> sun bincika hoton halayen marasa lafiya a shirye-shiryen talabijin 1,215 tsakanin 1969 da 1985. Sun gano cewa 3 daga cikin haruffa 4 suna da hannu a cikin yanayin tashin hankali, ko dai sun zama wadanda ke fama da tashin hankali ko aikata shi. Baya ga mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali da ke da halin tashin hankali, suna kuma nisanta kansu daga ƙaunatattun su, kuma sau da yawa ba sa aiki. A ƙarshe, kusan shekaru 50 bayan ɗaya daga cikin binciken da aka yi na farko wanda ya bincika yawan amfani da marasa lafiya, haruffa masu tashin hankali a cikin kafofin watsa labarai, kuskuren ya ci gaba, har ma a cikin karni na 21. Diefenbach da West sun gudanar da binciken noma wanda ya bincika awanni 84 na talabijin na farko tsakanin manyan cibiyoyin sadarwa a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2003. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Diefenbach |first=D.L. |last2=West |first2=M.D. |date=2007 |title=Television and attitudes toward mental health issues: Cultivation analysis and the third-person effect |journal=Journal of Community Psychology |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=181–195 |doi=10.1002/jcop.20142}}</ref> Sun gano cewa mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali a talabijin sun fi iya aikata laifuka masu tsanani fiye da kididdigar duniya ta ainihi. Kashi 4% ne kawai na mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa a cikin duniyar gaske ana nuna su a matsayin masu tashin hankali, yayin da kashi 37% na mutanen da ba su da hankali a talabijin ana nuna su da tashin hankali. == Hotuna a cikin fim == * Sideways yana ba da cikakken kwatanci na baƙin ciki. Rashin lafiya (babban rikicewar baƙin ciki) ana nuna shi azaman rikicewar yanayi wanda ke haifar da mummunan bakin ciki da rashin son kai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Depression (major depressive disorder) - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/symptoms-causes/syc-20356007 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin manyan halayen fim ɗin, Miles Raymond, an nuna shi yana nuna alamun baƙin ciki da yawa, wasu daga cikinsu sun haɗa da amfani da abubuwa (alcohol) a cikin ƙoƙari na jimre da gazawar da asarar a rayuwarsa, ba shi da bege ga makomar sa, kuma yana da halin baƙin ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Depression |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression |access-date=2014-03-04 |website=National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) |publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services}}</ref> * ''Julien Donkey Boy'' ya ba da cikakken bayani game da [[Hauka|schizophrenia]]. Schizophrenia yana daya daga cikin cututtukan kwakwalwa da aka fi fahimta, duk da haka sama da mutane miliyan 2 suna fama da wannan cuta a cikin Amurka. Kalmar schizophrenia ta fito ne daga Eugen Bleuler kuma tana fassara zuwa "rabuwa da hankali," yayin da psyche ya rabu zuwa sassa da yawa.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Alamomin sun haɗa da, amma ba a iyakance su ba, [[Hallucination|mafarkai]], hallucinations, da rikice-rikice a cikin tunani da motsin rai. Wadannan alamun sun hana wadanda ke fama da wannan cuta daga rayuwa ta yau da kullun, suna haifar da rikice-rikice na zamantakewa da aiki, sau da yawa suna buƙatar asibiti.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Fim din ya nuna wani mutum mai suna Julien, wanda ke nuna alamun schizophrenia da yawa. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamu ya haɗa da yin tattaunawa da mutanen da ba su nan a zahiri.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-08-06 |title=Schizophrenia |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/schizophrenia |access-date=2014-03-04 |website=National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) |publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services}}</ref> * Silver Linings Playbook yana ba da cikakken bayani game da rikicewar bipolar. Ciwon bipolar cuta ce ta hankali da ke nuna rashin daidaituwa na yanayi, sau da yawa tare da abubuwan da suka faru na bakin ciki da rashin hankali, [[Anxiety|damuwa]], hyperactivity, barci mara kyau, tashin hankali, da fushi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Skjelstad |first=Dag V. |last2=Malt |first2=Ulrik F. |last3=Holte |first3=Arne |date=2010 |title=Symptoms and signs of the initial prodrome of bipolar disorderA systematic review |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165032709004637 |journal=Journal of Affective Disorders |language=en |volume=126 |issue=1–2 |pages=1–13 |doi=10.1016/j.jad.2009.10.003 |pmid=19883943 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Wannan labarin ya biyo bayan iyali yayin da suke kewaya gaskiyar taimaka wa ɗansu bayan ya dawo gida daga magani don rikicewar bipolar.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Middleton |first=Craig |date=2013 |title=The Use of Cinematic Devices to Portray Mental Illness |url=https://journals.jcu.edu.au/etropic/article/view/3341 |journal=ETropic: Electronic Journal of Studies in the Tropics |language=en |volume=12 |issue=2 |doi=10.25120/etropic.12.2.2013.3341 |issn=1448-2940 |doi-access=free}}</ref> * Yarinya, Interrupted tana ba da cikakken bayani game da rikicewar halin mutum. Cutar mutuntaka ta iyaka cuta ce ta hankali wacce ke shafar ikon mutum na sarrafawa ko sarrafa motsin zuciyarsu yadda ya kamata. Yana iya shafar yadda mutane ke kallon kansu da mutanen da ke kewaye da su, yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa da rashin iya inganta dangantaka mai kyau.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Borderline personality disorder - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/borderline-personality-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20370237 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Wannan fim din ya biyo bayan tafiyar wata budurwa da ke zaune a asibitin kwakwalwa a cikin shekarun 1960, maganin ta, da kuma yadda wannan ke shafar dangantakarta da kanta da sauran haruffa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chouinard |first=Vera |date=2009-11-01 |title=Placing the 'mad woman': troubling cultural representations of being a woman with mental illness in Girl Interrupted |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14649360903205108 |journal=Social & Cultural Geography |language=en |volume=10 |issue=7 |pages=791–804 |doi=10.1080/14649360903205108 |issn=1464-9365 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * The Perks of Being a Wallflower yana ba da cikakken hoto na rikicewar damuwa. Cutar damuwa ta bayan rauni wani yanayi ne wanda zai iya tasowa bayan mutum ya fuskanci ko ya shaida wani abu mai ban tsoro. Alamomin na iya haɗawa da tunani mai ɗorewa game da taron, matsanancin damuwa, da mafarkai masu ban tsoro. PTSD yawanci yana bayyana a cikin ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyi huɗu: ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, gujewa, tunani mara kyau ko yanayi, da canje-canje a cikin halayen jiki ko motsin rai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355967 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Wannan fim din ya biyo bayan sabon ɗalibin makarantar sakandare Charlie yayin da yake kewaya dangantakar platonic da soyayya a cikin raunin da ya samu tun yana yaro na cin zarafin jima'i daga wani dangin da ke kusa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Monaghan |first=Alison Sagara |date=2016-12-29 |title=Evaluating Representations of Mental Health in Young Adult Fiction: The Case of Stephen Chbosky's The Perks of Being a Wallflower |url=https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/enthymema/article/view/7400 |journal=Enthymema |language=en |issue=16 |pages=32–42 |doi=10.13130/2037-2426/7400 |issn=2037-2426}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] o1or0w8jc5smq0aqp2ycvabhb24vmc9 863118 863117 2026-06-21T14:00:10Z Xaynarb 43630 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356731173|Mental illness in media]]" 863118 wikitext text/x-wiki Cututtukan kwakwalwa, wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa, galibi ana nuna su ba daidai ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. Fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin, littattafai, mujallu, da shirye-shirye na labarai galibi suna nuna rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali, wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, ko haɗari, ba kamar yawancin waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya ba.[1] Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai galibi shine hanyar farko da mutane ke fuskantar cututtukan kwakwalwa, lokacin da hotuna ba daidai ba ne, suna ci gaba da ci gaba da nuna bambanci, kunya, da nuna bambancin hali.[2] Lokacin da jama'a ke nuna rashin lafiya, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ba za su iya neman magani ko tallafi ba saboda tsoron hukuntawa ko ƙi su daga jama'a. [3][4] Koyaya, tare da tallafi mai kyau, ba wai kawai yawancin waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin al'umma ba, amma da yawa suna iya yin aiki da nasara kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga al'umma.[5] == Tarihi == A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood, babbar hanyar da Amurkawa ke samun bayanai game da cututtukan kwakwalwa ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai, musamman, talabijin da labarai. Bugu da ƙari, idan ya zo ga ra'ayoyin gaskatawa da aka gabatar game da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, jama'a galibi suna daidaita ra'ayoyinsu kusa da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai fiye da bayanan da masana suka gabatar a fagen.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> A shekara ta 2006, Heather Stuart ta wallafa wata kasida, "Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments," inda ta tattauna yadda hoton rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yafi zama mara kyau kuma wadanda ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa galibi ana kiransu tashin hankali da masu laifi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stuart |first=Heather |date=2006 |title=Media Portrayal of Mental Illness and its Treatments: What Effect Does it Have on People with Mental Illness? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |journal=CNS Drugs |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=99–106 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200620020-00002 |issn=1172-7047 |pmid=16478286 |s2cid=21633246 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kamar yadda jama'a gabaɗaya ba su da damar yin amfani da ko gogewa tare da ilimin halayyar asibiti, ana samun bayanan su game da marasa lafiya na asibiti daga [[Kafofin yada labarai|kafofin watsa labarai]]. Tare da iyakantaccen ilimin da aka samu ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru, ana tsoron cewa hotuna da labarun da aka haɗu da su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai na iya shafar yanke shawara da hukunce-hukuncen da jama'a ke yi idan ya zo ga rayuwarsu ko samar da ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa ko zamantakewa, <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> yana ci gaba da kin amincewar jama'a ga marasa lafiya. Kamar yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ci gaba da ra'ayoyi tare da amfani da harshe na nuna bambanci, bayanan da ba daidai ba, da kuma kuskuren rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan wakilcin kafofin watsa labarai marasa kyau sun zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga masu ilimi. == Fim da talabijin == Idan ya zo ga hotuna a cikin nishaɗi, hotuna yawanci suna wakiltar halayen marasa lafiya na hankali kamar yadda suke da bambanci, sau da yawa suna wuce gona da iri don rarrabe su daga halayen al'ada. A cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe na yin fim, galibi ana nuna su a matsayin masu laifi, sau da yawa ko dai wadanda abin ya shafa ko masu aikata tashin hankali, kuma gabaɗaya suna da haɗari.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Juyin halitta na wakiltar rashin lafiya a cikin fim === Wani abu da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin fina-finai da talabijin yana nuna masu laifi ko masu ''Kisan kai'' a matsayin marasa lafiya. Wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne a cikin tarihin yin fim da fim. Da farko an gabatar da su a farkon shekarun 1900, fina-finai kamar Dr. Mabuse, the Gambler (1922) da The <nowiki><i id="mwUA">Black Cat</i></nowiki> (1934) sun nuna masu cutar da hankali a matsayin mahaukaci, mugayen likitoci.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Sa'an nan, tare da tashiwar fina-finai na Alfred Hitchcock, ya gabatar da mai kisan gilla a cikin ''Psycho'' (1960), wanda aka yi amfani da halinsa a fina-fakkaatu kamar Homicidal (1961), Maniac (1963), Paranoiac (1963). <ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Shekaru na 1970 da 1980 sun kawo shahararren fim din "slasher", suna gabatar da halayen ban tsoro kamar [[Halloween (franchise)|''Halloween'']])" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Michael Myers (Halloween)">Michael Myers, Jason, da Freddy Kruger daga franchises Halloween, Jumma'a ta 13, da A Nightmare on Elm Street, bi da bi.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> === Bayanan tashin hankali na rashin lafiya na hankali === Rashin jin daɗi da ke kewaye da rashin lafiya na hankali yana da sakamako na ainihi ga waɗanda ke fuskantar waɗannan cututtukan. Bincike da yawa, duka a cikin nau'ikan gwaji da bincike, sun kammala cewa bayyanar kafofin watsa labarai tana shafar zargi na rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Duk da yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke nunawa game da mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali suna da tashin hankali ko shiga cikin ayyukan aikata laifuka, ba su da yawa a cikin ainihin duniya fiye da yadda kafofin yada labarai ke nuna. Daga cikin mutane miliyan 40+ a Amurka waɗanda aka rarraba su a matsayin masu fama da rashin lafiya na kwakwalwa, tashin hankali ko aikata laifuka suna faruwa ne kawai a cikin 10-12% na cututtukan kwakwalwa. Koyaya, yayin da shirye-shiryen fina-finai da talabijin ke amfani da wannan ma'anar don ba da labari mai ban mamaki, jama'a galibi suna zaton cewa ainihin duniya tana nuna hotunan kafofin watsa labarai. Masana sun fara nazarin wannan yanayin a cikin shekarun 1950, duk da haka batun ya ci gaba har zuwa karni na 21. A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, damuwa game da hotunan kafofin watsa labarai na rashin lafiya na hankali ya fara zama sananne. A lokacin, ana amfani da masu tantance gidan talabijin don tantance matakin kallo (mutum kawai, masu aminci ga iyali, ko abubuwan da ake buƙata) wanda ya dace bisa ga abubuwan fim din.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gerbner |first=George |date=1959 |title=Mental illness on television: A study of censorship |journal=Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=293–303 |doi=10.1080/08838155909385890}}</ref> George Gerbner, kafin ya haɓaka ka'idar noma, ya yi nazarin fina-finai da aka tantance kuma ya gano cewa a cikin 1951, fina-fukkuna biyar ne kawai ke ƙunshe da wakilcin rashin lafiya. Koyaya, a shekara ta 1957, adadin ya tashi zuwa fina-finai 170, yana nuna damuwa mai yawa game da kuskuren da tasirin su. Kodayake damuwa game da tasirin ya fara girma, hotunan tashin hankali sun kasance iri ɗaya. A cikin binciken da aka gudanar a shekarar 1989 ta hanyar Al'adun Al'adu, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Signorielli |first=Nancy |date=1989 |title=The stigma of mental illness on television |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08838158909364085 |journal=Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media |language=en |volume=33 |issue=3 |pages=325–331 |doi=10.1080/08838158909364085 |issn=0883-8151 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> sun bincika hoton halayen marasa lafiya a shirye-shiryen talabijin 1,215 tsakanin 1969 da 1985. Sun gano cewa 3 daga cikin haruffa 4 suna da hannu a cikin yanayin tashin hankali, ko dai sun zama wadanda ke fama da tashin hankali ko aikata shi. Baya ga mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali da ke da halin tashin hankali, suna kuma nisanta kansu daga ƙaunatattun su, kuma sau da yawa ba sa aiki. A ƙarshe, kusan shekaru 50 bayan ɗaya daga cikin binciken da aka yi na farko wanda ya bincika yawan amfani da marasa lafiya, haruffa masu tashin hankali a cikin kafofin watsa labarai, kuskuren ya ci gaba, har ma a cikin karni na 21. Diefenbach da West sun gudanar da binciken noma wanda ya bincika awanni 84 na talabijin na farko tsakanin manyan cibiyoyin sadarwa a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2003. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Diefenbach |first=D.L. |last2=West |first2=M.D. |date=2007 |title=Television and attitudes toward mental health issues: Cultivation analysis and the third-person effect |journal=Journal of Community Psychology |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=181–195 |doi=10.1002/jcop.20142}}</ref> Sun gano cewa mutanen da ke fama da rashin hankali a talabijin sun fi iya aikata laifuka masu tsanani fiye da kididdigar duniya ta ainihi. Kashi 4% ne kawai na mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa a cikin duniyar gaske ana nuna su a matsayin masu tashin hankali, yayin da kashi 37% na mutanen da ba su da hankali a talabijin ana nuna su da tashin hankali. == Hotuna a cikin fim == * Sideways yana ba da cikakken kwatanci na baƙin ciki. Rashin lafiya (babban rikicewar baƙin ciki) ana nuna shi azaman rikicewar yanayi wanda ke haifar da mummunan bakin ciki da rashin son kai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Depression (major depressive disorder) - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/symptoms-causes/syc-20356007 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin manyan halayen fim ɗin, Miles Raymond, an nuna shi yana nuna alamun baƙin ciki da yawa, wasu daga cikinsu sun haɗa da amfani da abubuwa (alcohol) a cikin ƙoƙari na jimre da gazawar da asarar a rayuwarsa, ba shi da bege ga makomar sa, kuma yana da halin baƙin ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Depression |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression |access-date=2014-03-04 |website=National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) |publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services}}</ref> * ''Julien Donkey Boy'' ya ba da cikakken bayani game da [[Hauka|schizophrenia]]. Schizophrenia yana daya daga cikin cututtukan kwakwalwa da aka fi fahimta, duk da haka sama da mutane miliyan 2 suna fama da wannan cuta a cikin Amurka. Kalmar schizophrenia ta fito ne daga Eugen Bleuler kuma tana fassara zuwa "rabuwa da hankali," yayin da psyche ya rabu zuwa sassa da yawa.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Alamomin sun haɗa da, amma ba a iyakance su ba, [[Hallucination|mafarkai]], hallucinations, da rikice-rikice a cikin tunani da motsin rai. Wadannan alamun sun hana wadanda ke fama da wannan cuta daga rayuwa ta yau da kullun, suna haifar da rikice-rikice na zamantakewa da aiki, sau da yawa suna buƙatar asibiti.<ref name="Wahl-1995-5" /> Fim din ya nuna wani mutum mai suna Julien, wanda ke nuna alamun schizophrenia da yawa. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamu ya haɗa da yin tattaunawa da mutanen da ba su nan a zahiri.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-08-06 |title=Schizophrenia |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/schizophrenia |access-date=2014-03-04 |website=National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) |publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services}}</ref> * Silver Linings Playbook yana ba da cikakken bayani game da rikicewar bipolar. Ciwon bipolar cuta ce ta hankali da ke nuna rashin daidaituwa na yanayi, sau da yawa tare da abubuwan da suka faru na bakin ciki da rashin hankali, [[Anxiety|damuwa]], hyperactivity, barci mara kyau, tashin hankali, da fushi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Skjelstad |first=Dag V. |last2=Malt |first2=Ulrik F. |last3=Holte |first3=Arne |date=2010 |title=Symptoms and signs of the initial prodrome of bipolar disorderA systematic review |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165032709004637 |journal=Journal of Affective Disorders |language=en |volume=126 |issue=1–2 |pages=1–13 |doi=10.1016/j.jad.2009.10.003 |pmid=19883943 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Wannan labarin ya biyo bayan iyali yayin da suke kewaya gaskiyar taimaka wa ɗansu bayan ya dawo gida daga magani don rikicewar bipolar.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Middleton |first=Craig |date=2013 |title=The Use of Cinematic Devices to Portray Mental Illness |url=https://journals.jcu.edu.au/etropic/article/view/3341 |journal=ETropic: Electronic Journal of Studies in the Tropics |language=en |volume=12 |issue=2 |doi=10.25120/etropic.12.2.2013.3341 |issn=1448-2940 |doi-access=free}}</ref> * Yarinya, Interrupted tana ba da cikakken bayani game da rikicewar halin mutum. Cutar mutuntaka ta iyaka cuta ce ta hankali wacce ke shafar ikon mutum na sarrafawa ko sarrafa motsin zuciyarsu yadda ya kamata. Yana iya shafar yadda mutane ke kallon kansu da mutanen da ke kewaye da su, yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa da rashin iya inganta dangantaka mai kyau.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Borderline personality disorder - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/borderline-personality-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20370237 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Wannan fim din ya biyo bayan tafiyar wata budurwa da ke zaune a asibitin kwakwalwa a cikin shekarun 1960, maganin ta, da kuma yadda wannan ke shafar dangantakarta da kanta da sauran haruffa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chouinard |first=Vera |date=2009-11-01 |title=Placing the 'mad woman': troubling cultural representations of being a woman with mental illness in Girl Interrupted |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14649360903205108 |journal=Social & Cultural Geography |language=en |volume=10 |issue=7 |pages=791–804 |doi=10.1080/14649360903205108 |issn=1464-9365 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * The Perks of Being a Wallflower yana ba da cikakken hoto na rikicewar damuwa. Cutar damuwa ta bayan rauni wani yanayi ne wanda zai iya tasowa bayan mutum ya fuskanci ko ya shaida wani abu mai ban tsoro. Alamomin na iya haɗawa da tunani mai ɗorewa game da taron, matsanancin damuwa, da mafarkai masu ban tsoro. PTSD yawanci yana bayyana a cikin ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyi huɗu: ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, gujewa, tunani mara kyau ko yanayi, da canje-canje a cikin halayen jiki ko motsin rai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355967 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Wannan fim din ya biyo bayan sabon ɗalibin makarantar sakandare Charlie yayin da yake kewaya dangantakar platonic da soyayya a cikin raunin da ya samu tun yana yaro na cin zarafin jima'i daga wani dangin da ke kusa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Monaghan |first=Alison Sagara |date=2016-12-29 |title=Evaluating Representations of Mental Health in Young Adult Fiction: The Case of Stephen Chbosky's The Perks of Being a Wallflower |url=https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/enthymema/article/view/7400 |journal=Enthymema |language=en |issue=16 |pages=32–42 |doi=10.13130/2037-2426/7400 |issn=2037-2426}}</ref> == Hotuna a talabijin == Talabijin yana cikin sama da 90% na gidajen Amurka kuma a cikin 1995 yana da tasiri sosai akan yadda masu kallo ke fahimtar duniya. Dangane da hotunan rashin lafiya na kwakwalwa, talabijin ya kasance na farko wajen wakiltar waɗannan cututtukan a cikin dubban shirye-shirye a cikin kusan ƙarni na abun ciki. Kafofin watsa labarai galibi suna nuna mutanen da ke fama da rashin lafiya a matsayin tashin hankali ko wanda ba a iya hangowa ba, suna haifar da kuskuren da kuma mummunan ra'ayi.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Srivastava |first=Kalpana |last2=Chaudhury |first2=Suprakash |last3=Bhat |first3=Ps |last4=Mujawar |first4=Swaleha |date=2018 |title=Media and mental health |journal=Industrial Psychiatry Journal |language=en |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.4103/ipj.ipj_73_18 |issn=0972-6748 |pmc=6198586 |pmid=30416284 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Bincike ya nuna cewa masu kallo da ke kallon talabijin da yawa suna iya samun ra'ayoyi marasa kyau game da lafiyar kwakwalwa.<ref name=":3" /> Kodayake talabijin sau da yawa ya yi kuskuren nuna lafiyar kwakwalwa, an sami karuwar canji zuwa ga kwatanci masu kyau da gaskiya.   [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rjvmvr1mrd73xo7qm1h83kapw5xq2ve 0 159115 863119 2026-06-21T14:00:37Z Abdurra'uf 23412 sabon muqala 863119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jerzy Nowicki''' == Manazarta == dvxeo7zloyv1tibgeoblzkktkdjxyzr 863121 863119 2026-06-21T14:01:08Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863121 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jerzy Nowicki''' (2 Janairu 1933 - Disamba 2013) ɗan wasan harbi ne na Poland wanda ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1960, a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1964, da kuma gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1968. == Manazarta == r4ywswxxqvztfeo7djwdx8wyxs5s6a6 863122 863121 2026-06-21T14:01:28Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863122 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jerzy Nowicki'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy_Nowicki</ref> (2 Janairu 1933 - Disamba 2013) ɗan wasan harbi ne na Poland wanda ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1960, a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1964, da kuma gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1968. == Manazarta == 6u6cafpfz5w0wc7mnqw46dniaduwybl 863124 863122 2026-06-21T14:02:23Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863124 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jerzy Nowicki'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy_Nowicki</ref> (2 Janairu 1933 - Disamba 2013) ɗan wasan harbi ne na Poland wanda ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1960, a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1964, da kuma gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1968.<ref>http://www.pzss.org.pl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=694:nie-yje-jerzy-nowicki&catid=1:wydarzenia-biece&Itemid=5</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121217182151/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/no/jerzy-nowicki-1.html</ref> == Manazarta == p0pn6jtodiyvr3445zwv71fx9qua1yi 863128 863124 2026-06-21T14:03:59Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jerzy Nowicki'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy_Nowicki</ref> (2 Janairu 1933 - Disamba 2013) ɗan wasan harbi ne na Poland wanda ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1960, a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1964, da kuma gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1968.<ref>http://www.pzss.org.pl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=694:nie-yje-jerzy-nowicki&catid=1:wydarzenia-biece&Itemid=5</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121217182151/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/no/jerzy-nowicki-1.html</ref> == Manazarta == 8wj4s4m66y25ut0y1milvqrdjtdx4x4 863129 863128 2026-06-21T14:04:12Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863129 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jerzy Nowicki'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy_Nowicki</ref> (2 Janairu 1933 - Disamba 2013) ɗan wasan harbi ne na Poland wanda ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1960, a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1964, da kuma gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1968.<ref>http://www.pzss.org.pl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=694:nie-yje-jerzy-nowicki&catid=1:wydarzenia-biece&Itemid=5</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121217182151/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/no/jerzy-nowicki-1.html</ref> == Manazarta == p0pn6jtodiyvr3445zwv71fx9qua1yi 0 159116 863139 2026-06-21T14:21:46Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347249632|Basal-like carcinoma]]" 863139 wikitext text/x-wiki Cutar '''basal-like carcinoma''' wani nau'i ne na ciwon nono da aka tsara kwanan nan wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar bayyanar kwayoyin halitta da bayanin furotin.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Livasy CA, Karaca G, Nanda R, Tretiakova MS, Olopade OI, Moore DT, Perou CM |date=February 2006 |title=Phenotypic evaluation of the basal-like subtype of invasive breast carcinoma |journal=Modern Pathology |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=264–71 |doi=10.1038/modpathol.3800528 |pmid=16341146 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ana iya raba [[Sankaran Nono|Ciwon nono]] zuwa nau'ikan kwayoyin guda biyar, gami da nau'ikan haske na A, nau'ikan nau'ikan B, nau'in nono na al'ada, nau'i na HER-2, da nau'in basal.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kapp AV, Jeffrey SS, Langerød A, Børresen-Dale AL, Han W, Noh DY, Bukholm IR, Nicolau M, Brown PO, Tibshirani R |date=September 2006 |title=Discovery and validation of breast cancer subtypes |journal=BMC Genomics |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=231 |doi=10.1186/1471-2164-7-231 |pmc=1574316 |pmid=16965636 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Genotyping yana ba da marasa lafiya na ciwon nono tare da ingantaccen hangen nesa da magani. A cikin dukkan nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta, ciwon nono mai kama da basal (BLBC) har yanzu shine babban kalubale a cikin bincike na yanzu saboda karfi mai karfi da halaye na kwayoyin halitta. == Yaduwar cututtuka == BLBC ya fi yawa a tsakanin matasa da mata masu fama da rashin jin daɗi a [[Afirka]] da [[Afirkawan Amurka|'Yan Afirka na Afirka]].<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Yang XR, Sherman ME, Rimm DL, Lissowska J, Brinton LA, Peplonska B, Hewitt SM, Anderson WF, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Bardin-Mikolajczak A, Zatonski W, Cartun R, Mandich D, Rymkiewicz G, Ligaj M, Lukaszek S, Kordek R, García-Closas M |date=March 2007 |title=Differences in risk factors for breast cancer molecular subtypes in a population-based study |journal=Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=439–43 |doi=10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0806 |pmid=17372238 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Millikan RC, Newman B, Tse CK, Moorman PG, Conway K, Dressler LG, Smith LV, Labbok MH, Geradts J, Bensen JT, Jackson S, Nyante S, Livasy C, Carey L, Earp HS, Perou CM |date=May 2008 |title=Epidemiology of basal-like breast cancer |journal=Breast Cancer Research and Treatment |volume=109 |issue=1 |pages=123–39 |doi=10.1007/s10549-007-9632-6 |pmc=2443103 |pmid=17578664}}</ref> Babban binciken samfurin da ya danganci immunohistochemistry ya nuna cewa matsakaicin shekarun marasa lafiya na BLBC shine shekaru 47.7 zuwa 55. Sakamakon BLBC da shayarwa ba su da alaƙa da kyau. Idan aka kwatanta da ciwon nono na ductal, BLBC ya fi yawa a tsakanin mata da ke da shekarun menarche na farko; wanda shekarun farko na ciki bai kai shekaru 26 ba. Mata da ke da ƙananan matsayi na tattalin arziki da zamantakewa, ciwon metabolism da amfani da maganin hana daukar ciki sama da shekara guda suna iya haɓaka BLBC. Ƙarin rabo na wuyan hannu kafin menopause kuma yana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da BLBC. <ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Yang XR, Sherman ME, Rimm DL, Lissowska J, Brinton LA, Peplonska B, Hewitt SM, Anderson WF, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Bardin-Mikolajczak A, Zatonski W, Cartun R, Mandich D, Rymkiewicz G, Ligaj M, Lukaszek S, Kordek R, García-Closas M |date=March 2007 |title=Differences in risk factors for breast cancer molecular subtypes in a population-based study |journal=Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=439–43 |doi=10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0806 |pmid=17372238 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Magani da hangen nesa == Kodayake ciwon daji sau da yawa sun fi girma kuma daga mataki na baya, nau'ikan nau'ikan basal sun fi dacewa da maganin maganin maganin anthracycline na neoadjuvant fiye da cututtukan nono.<ref name="Carey2007" /> Duk da haka, duk da farkon chemosensitivity, marasa lafiya tare da basal-like subtypes suna da mummunar rayuwa ba tare da cututtuka ba kuma rayuwa gaba ɗaya fiye da waɗanda ke da luminal subtypes, <ref name="Carey2007" /> tare da 58% 5 gabaɗaya rayuwa na mutanen da ke da basal kamar carcinoma idan aka kwatanta da 88% ga waɗanda ke da haske subtype. <ref name="BertucciFinetti2012">{{Cite journal |last=Bertucci |first=F. |last2=Finetti |first2=P. |last3=Birnbaum |first3=D. |year=2012 |title=Basal Breast Cancer: A Complex and Deadly Molecular Subtype |journal=Current Molecular Medicine |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=96–110 |doi=10.2174/156652412798376134 |issn=1566-5240 |pmc=3343384 |pmid=22082486}}</ref> Kashi na marasa lafiya tare da ƙananan cututtukan da suka rage bayan chemotherapy ya fi girma a cikin basal-like fiye da HER2 + / ER− ciwon nono.<ref name="Carey2007">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Carey LA, Dees EC, Sawyer L, Gatti L, Moore DT, Collichio F, Ollila DW, Sartor CI, Graham ML, Perou CM |date=April 2007 |title=The triple negative paradox: primary tumor chemosensitivity of breast cancer subtypes |journal=Clinical Cancer Research |volume=13 |issue=8 |pages=2329–34 |doi=10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1109 |pmid=17438091 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A matsayin nau'in kwayoyin halitta mai zaman kansa, halayyar halitta ta musamman ta BLBC da rashin hangen nesa shine dalilin muhimmancinsa a cikin binciken asibiti na ciwon nono. BLBC yana da babban aiki mai yawa da mamayewa mai ƙarfi, yana nuna cewa yana da sauƙi don sake dawowa da [[metastasis]], kuma lokacin rayuwa gaba ɗaya ya ragu sosai.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rakha EA, Reis-Filho JS, Ellis IO |date=May 2008 |title=Basal-like breast cancer: a critical review |journal=Journal of Clinical Oncology |volume=26 |issue=15 |pages=2568–81 |doi=10.1200/JCO.2007.13.1748 |pmid=18487574}}</ref> BLBC yana da sauƙin yaduwa zuwa kwakwalwa da huhu ta hanyar jijiyoyin jini, amma ƙasa da ƙashi da hanta, yana nuna cewa kumburi suna da tsarin yaduwa na musamman kuma da zarar yaduwa ya faru, hangen nesa ba shi da kyau. Kodayake yawancin sakamakon bincike suna buƙatar ƙarin tabbatarwa, shaidar ta nuna BLBC ba tare da la'akari da halaye na asibiti ko martani na magani ba, rukuni ne mai bambanci. Mafi yawan nau'in histopathological shine invasive ductal carcinoma. Hakanan yana iya zama metaplastic carcinoma, medullary carcinoma da adenoid cystic carcinoma, tare da babban matsayi, babban mitosis count.[1] Tsakiyar necrosis, apoptotic cells, da kuma maganin stroma Lymphocyte da kuma karamin adadin abubuwan da ke cikin interstitial ana iya gani ta hanyar binciken microscopic.[2] A cikin BLBC, yawanci ana samun maye gurbi p53 kuma bayyanar mai karɓar haɓakar epidermal (EGFR ko HER-1) da c-KIT yawanci suna da kyau. Ta hanyar dabarun hybridization na kwayoyin halitta, BLBC an tabbatar da cewa yana da mafi rikitarwa na kwayoyin halittar halitta. An tattauna dangantakar da ke tsakanin BLBC da cutar kansar mama ta BRCA1 a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Bincike da yawa sun nuna cewa ciwon nono da ke da alaƙa da BRCA1 yana iya zama BLBC. Koyaya, akwai ƙananan maye gurbin BRCA1 a cikin BLBC, yana nuna cewa mai yiwuwa ne canje-canje na epigenetic. Bincike ya ba da rahoton cewa mummunan tsarin tsarin kwayar halitta ta BRCA1, ID4, sau da yawa ana bayyana shi sosai a cikin BLBC yana ba da shawarar cewa ID4 na iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin BL BC. Kodayake ba a fahimci hanyoyin ilmin halitta na BRCA1 da BRCA2 sosai ba, ƙarin shaidu sun nuna cewa akwai hanyar BRBC1 mara kyau da ke cikin BLBC.[3] == Yaduwa da yaduwa == Nazarin ya nuna cewa BLBC yana da babban mitotic index da yaduwa rabo. EGFR yana inganta yaduwar tantanin halitta ta hanyar kunna hanyoyin Ras / MAPK / MAPC. BLBC tana da ƙarancin bayyanar kwayar halitta ta RB da CyclinD1 da kuma babban bayyanar E2F Transcription Factor 3 (E2F-3) da kuma kwayar halitta na Cyclin E.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Gauthier ML, Berman HK, Miller C, Kozakeiwicz K, Chew K, Moore D, Rabban J, Chen YY, Kerlikowske K, Tlsty TD |date=November 2007 |title=Abrogated response to cellular stress identifies DCIS associated with subsequent tumor events and defines basal-like breast tumors |journal=Cancer Cell |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=479–91 |doi=10.1016/j.ccr.2007.10.017 |pmc=3605202 |pmid=17996651}}</ref> Cyclin D-CDK4/CDK6 mai rikitarwa phosphorylates RB kuma yana inganta shigar da tantanin halitta a cikin matakin S ta hanyar sakin iyalin E2F na abubuwan fassarar (yana haifar da bayyanar CyclinE). Bugu da ƙari, Cyclin E1 yana da sauƙin maimaitawa a cikin BLBC fiye da wasu nau'ikan ciwon nono, kuma furcinsa yana nuna rashin tabbas.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Agarwal R, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Myhre S, Carey M, Lee JS, Overgaard J, Alsner J, Stemke-Hale K, Lluch A, Neve RM, Kuo WL, Sorlie T, Sahin A, Valero V, Keyomarsi K, Gray JW, Borresen-Dale AL, Mills GB, Hennessy BT |date=June 2009 |title=Integrative analysis of cyclin protein levels identifies cyclin b1 as a classifier and predictor of outcomes in breast cancer |journal=Clinical Cancer Research |volume=15 |issue=11 |pages=3654–62 |doi=10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-3293 |pmc=2887710 |pmid=19470724}}</ref> Cire kwayar halittar RB da yawan bayyanar cyclin E suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin mummunar yaduwar BLBC. Ƙarin bincike sun nuna cewa canjin epithelial-mesenchymal (EMT) yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin mamayewar ciwon nono. EMT yana nufin asarar halaye na bambancin epithelial na sel na epithelials kuma yana nuna halaye na rarrabewar mesenchymal, wanda ke haifar da raguwar mannewar tantanin halitta da karuwar motsi na sel da kuma ba da damar sel na ciwon daji don samun infiltration da metastasis.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Hugo H, Ackland ML, Blick T, Lawrence MG, Clements JA, Williams ED, Thompson EW |date=November 2007 |title=Epithelial--mesenchymal and mesenchymal--epithelial transitions in carcinoma progression |journal=Journal of Cellular Physiology |volume=213 |issue=2 |pages=374–83 |doi=10.1002/jcp.21223 |pmid=17680632 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Yang da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Yang J, Weinberg RA |date=June 2008 |title=Epithelial-mesenchymal transition: at the crossroads of development and tumor metastasis |journal=Developmental Cell |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=818–29 |doi=10.1016/j.devcel.2008.05.009 |pmid=18539112 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ya yi imanin cewa EMT ya fi faruwa a cikin BLBC kuma yana motsawa ta hanyar microenvironment mara kyau kamar hypoxia. Alamun EMT kamar N-cadherin da vimentin suna bayyana sosai a cikin BLBC, yayin da alamun epithelial E-cadherin galibi ba su nan.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Sarrió D, Rodriguez-Pinilla SM, Hardisson D, Cano A, Moreno-Bueno G, Palacios J |date=February 2008 |title=Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer relates to the basal-like phenotype |journal=Cancer Research |volume=68 |issue=4 |pages=989–97 |doi=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2017 |pmid=18281472 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ayyukan TGF-β, Wnt, da hanyoyin Notch a cikin BLBC yana haifar da bayyanar abubuwan da suka shafi EMT FOXC2, Twist, Slug, Snail, da LBX1, sannan kuma yana haifar da saukowa na E-cadherin da inganta EMT. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Storci G, Sansone P, Trere D, Tavolari S, Taffurelli M, Ceccarelli C, Guarnieri T, Paterini P, Pariali M, Montanaro L, Santini D, Chieco P, Bonafé M |date=January 2008 |title=The basal-like breast carcinoma phenotype is regulated by SLUG gene expression |journal=The Journal of Pathology |volume=214 |issue=1 |pages=25–37 |doi=10.1002/path.2254 |pmid=17973239 |s2cid=25174741}}</ref> Bayan haka, EGFR yana aiki a cikin motsi da mamayewa ta hanyar haifar da maganganun Twist, kuma ta haka ne inganta EMT.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Lo HW, Hsu SC, Xia W, Cao X, Shih JY, Wei Y, Abbruzzese JL, Hortobagyi GN, Hung MC |date=October 2007 |title=Epidermal growth factor receptor cooperates with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells via up-regulation of TWIST gene expression |journal=Cancer Research |volume=67 |issue=19 |pages=9066–76 |doi=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-0575 |pmc=2570961 |pmid=17909010}}</ref> An bayar da rahoton cewa EMT a cikin kumburi na iya kasancewa tare da karuwar Neovascularization, wanda zai iya hanzarta faruwar metastasis na hematogenous a cikin sel na ciwon daji.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Niu RF, Zhang L, Xi GM, Wei XY, Yang Y, Shi YR, Hao XS |date=September 2007 |title=Up-regulation of Twist induces angiogenesis and correlates with metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma |journal=Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=385–94 |pmid=17987801}}</ref> A takaice dai, EMT ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen canja wurin BLBC. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] q2v77rwcd0jru66kwnc67vtz113k1wn 863140 863139 2026-06-21T14:22:13Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863140 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Cutar '''basal-like carcinoma''' wani nau'i ne na ciwon nono da aka tsara kwanan nan wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar bayyanar kwayoyin halitta da bayanin furotin.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Livasy CA, Karaca G, Nanda R, Tretiakova MS, Olopade OI, Moore DT, Perou CM |date=February 2006 |title=Phenotypic evaluation of the basal-like subtype of invasive breast carcinoma |journal=Modern Pathology |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=264–71 |doi=10.1038/modpathol.3800528 |pmid=16341146 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ana iya raba [[Sankaran Nono|Ciwon nono]] zuwa nau'ikan kwayoyin guda biyar, gami da nau'ikan haske na A, nau'ikan nau'ikan B, nau'in nono na al'ada, nau'i na HER-2, da nau'in basal.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kapp AV, Jeffrey SS, Langerød A, Børresen-Dale AL, Han W, Noh DY, Bukholm IR, Nicolau M, Brown PO, Tibshirani R |date=September 2006 |title=Discovery and validation of breast cancer subtypes |journal=BMC Genomics |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=231 |doi=10.1186/1471-2164-7-231 |pmc=1574316 |pmid=16965636 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Genotyping yana ba da marasa lafiya na ciwon nono tare da ingantaccen hangen nesa da magani. A cikin dukkan nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta, ciwon nono mai kama da basal (BLBC) har yanzu shine babban kalubale a cikin bincike na yanzu saboda karfi mai karfi da halaye na kwayoyin halitta. == Yaduwar cututtuka == BLBC ya fi yawa a tsakanin matasa da mata masu fama da rashin jin daɗi a [[Afirka]] da [[Afirkawan Amurka|'Yan Afirka na Afirka]].<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Yang XR, Sherman ME, Rimm DL, Lissowska J, Brinton LA, Peplonska B, Hewitt SM, Anderson WF, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Bardin-Mikolajczak A, Zatonski W, Cartun R, Mandich D, Rymkiewicz G, Ligaj M, Lukaszek S, Kordek R, García-Closas M |date=March 2007 |title=Differences in risk factors for breast cancer molecular subtypes in a population-based study |journal=Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=439–43 |doi=10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0806 |pmid=17372238 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Millikan RC, Newman B, Tse CK, Moorman PG, Conway K, Dressler LG, Smith LV, Labbok MH, Geradts J, Bensen JT, Jackson S, Nyante S, Livasy C, Carey L, Earp HS, Perou CM |date=May 2008 |title=Epidemiology of basal-like breast cancer |journal=Breast Cancer Research and Treatment |volume=109 |issue=1 |pages=123–39 |doi=10.1007/s10549-007-9632-6 |pmc=2443103 |pmid=17578664}}</ref> Babban binciken samfurin da ya danganci immunohistochemistry ya nuna cewa matsakaicin shekarun marasa lafiya na BLBC shine shekaru 47.7 zuwa 55. Sakamakon BLBC da shayarwa ba su da alaƙa da kyau. Idan aka kwatanta da ciwon nono na ductal, BLBC ya fi yawa a tsakanin mata da ke da shekarun menarche na farko; wanda shekarun farko na ciki bai kai shekaru 26 ba. Mata da ke da ƙananan matsayi na tattalin arziki da zamantakewa, ciwon metabolism da amfani da maganin hana daukar ciki sama da shekara guda suna iya haɓaka BLBC. Ƙarin rabo na wuyan hannu kafin menopause kuma yana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da BLBC. <ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Yang XR, Sherman ME, Rimm DL, Lissowska J, Brinton LA, Peplonska B, Hewitt SM, Anderson WF, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Bardin-Mikolajczak A, Zatonski W, Cartun R, Mandich D, Rymkiewicz G, Ligaj M, Lukaszek S, Kordek R, García-Closas M |date=March 2007 |title=Differences in risk factors for breast cancer molecular subtypes in a population-based study |journal=Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=439–43 |doi=10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0806 |pmid=17372238 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Magani da hangen nesa == Kodayake ciwon daji sau da yawa sun fi girma kuma daga mataki na baya, nau'ikan nau'ikan basal sun fi dacewa da maganin maganin maganin anthracycline na neoadjuvant fiye da cututtukan nono.<ref name="Carey2007" /> Duk da haka, duk da farkon chemosensitivity, marasa lafiya tare da basal-like subtypes suna da mummunar rayuwa ba tare da cututtuka ba kuma rayuwa gaba ɗaya fiye da waɗanda ke da luminal subtypes, <ref name="Carey2007" /> tare da 58% 5 gabaɗaya rayuwa na mutanen da ke da basal kamar carcinoma idan aka kwatanta da 88% ga waɗanda ke da haske subtype. <ref name="BertucciFinetti2012">{{Cite journal |last=Bertucci |first=F. |last2=Finetti |first2=P. |last3=Birnbaum |first3=D. |year=2012 |title=Basal Breast Cancer: A Complex and Deadly Molecular Subtype |journal=Current Molecular Medicine |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=96–110 |doi=10.2174/156652412798376134 |issn=1566-5240 |pmc=3343384 |pmid=22082486}}</ref> Kashi na marasa lafiya tare da ƙananan cututtukan da suka rage bayan chemotherapy ya fi girma a cikin basal-like fiye da HER2 + / ER− ciwon nono.<ref name="Carey2007">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Carey LA, Dees EC, Sawyer L, Gatti L, Moore DT, Collichio F, Ollila DW, Sartor CI, Graham ML, Perou CM |date=April 2007 |title=The triple negative paradox: primary tumor chemosensitivity of breast cancer subtypes |journal=Clinical Cancer Research |volume=13 |issue=8 |pages=2329–34 |doi=10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1109 |pmid=17438091 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A matsayin nau'in kwayoyin halitta mai zaman kansa, halayyar halitta ta musamman ta BLBC da rashin hangen nesa shine dalilin muhimmancinsa a cikin binciken asibiti na ciwon nono. BLBC yana da babban aiki mai yawa da mamayewa mai ƙarfi, yana nuna cewa yana da sauƙi don sake dawowa da [[metastasis]], kuma lokacin rayuwa gaba ɗaya ya ragu sosai.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rakha EA, Reis-Filho JS, Ellis IO |date=May 2008 |title=Basal-like breast cancer: a critical review |journal=Journal of Clinical Oncology |volume=26 |issue=15 |pages=2568–81 |doi=10.1200/JCO.2007.13.1748 |pmid=18487574}}</ref> BLBC yana da sauƙin yaduwa zuwa kwakwalwa da huhu ta hanyar jijiyoyin jini, amma ƙasa da ƙashi da hanta, yana nuna cewa kumburi suna da tsarin yaduwa na musamman kuma da zarar yaduwa ya faru, hangen nesa ba shi da kyau. Kodayake yawancin sakamakon bincike suna buƙatar ƙarin tabbatarwa, shaidar ta nuna BLBC ba tare da la'akari da halaye na asibiti ko martani na magani ba, rukuni ne mai bambanci. Mafi yawan nau'in histopathological shine invasive ductal carcinoma. Hakanan yana iya zama metaplastic carcinoma, medullary carcinoma da adenoid cystic carcinoma, tare da babban matsayi, babban mitosis count.[1] Tsakiyar necrosis, apoptotic cells, da kuma maganin stroma Lymphocyte da kuma karamin adadin abubuwan da ke cikin interstitial ana iya gani ta hanyar binciken microscopic.[2] A cikin BLBC, yawanci ana samun maye gurbi p53 kuma bayyanar mai karɓar haɓakar epidermal (EGFR ko HER-1) da c-KIT yawanci suna da kyau. Ta hanyar dabarun hybridization na kwayoyin halitta, BLBC an tabbatar da cewa yana da mafi rikitarwa na kwayoyin halittar halitta. An tattauna dangantakar da ke tsakanin BLBC da cutar kansar mama ta BRCA1 a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Bincike da yawa sun nuna cewa ciwon nono da ke da alaƙa da BRCA1 yana iya zama BLBC. Koyaya, akwai ƙananan maye gurbin BRCA1 a cikin BLBC, yana nuna cewa mai yiwuwa ne canje-canje na epigenetic. Bincike ya ba da rahoton cewa mummunan tsarin tsarin kwayar halitta ta BRCA1, ID4, sau da yawa ana bayyana shi sosai a cikin BLBC yana ba da shawarar cewa ID4 na iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin BL BC. Kodayake ba a fahimci hanyoyin ilmin halitta na BRCA1 da BRCA2 sosai ba, ƙarin shaidu sun nuna cewa akwai hanyar BRBC1 mara kyau da ke cikin BLBC.[3] == Yaduwa da yaduwa == Nazarin ya nuna cewa BLBC yana da babban mitotic index da yaduwa rabo. EGFR yana inganta yaduwar tantanin halitta ta hanyar kunna hanyoyin Ras / MAPK / MAPC. BLBC tana da ƙarancin bayyanar kwayar halitta ta RB da CyclinD1 da kuma babban bayyanar E2F Transcription Factor 3 (E2F-3) da kuma kwayar halitta na Cyclin E.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Gauthier ML, Berman HK, Miller C, Kozakeiwicz K, Chew K, Moore D, Rabban J, Chen YY, Kerlikowske K, Tlsty TD |date=November 2007 |title=Abrogated response to cellular stress identifies DCIS associated with subsequent tumor events and defines basal-like breast tumors |journal=Cancer Cell |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=479–91 |doi=10.1016/j.ccr.2007.10.017 |pmc=3605202 |pmid=17996651}}</ref> Cyclin D-CDK4/CDK6 mai rikitarwa phosphorylates RB kuma yana inganta shigar da tantanin halitta a cikin matakin S ta hanyar sakin iyalin E2F na abubuwan fassarar (yana haifar da bayyanar CyclinE). Bugu da ƙari, Cyclin E1 yana da sauƙin maimaitawa a cikin BLBC fiye da wasu nau'ikan ciwon nono, kuma furcinsa yana nuna rashin tabbas.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Agarwal R, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Myhre S, Carey M, Lee JS, Overgaard J, Alsner J, Stemke-Hale K, Lluch A, Neve RM, Kuo WL, Sorlie T, Sahin A, Valero V, Keyomarsi K, Gray JW, Borresen-Dale AL, Mills GB, Hennessy BT |date=June 2009 |title=Integrative analysis of cyclin protein levels identifies cyclin b1 as a classifier and predictor of outcomes in breast cancer |journal=Clinical Cancer Research |volume=15 |issue=11 |pages=3654–62 |doi=10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-3293 |pmc=2887710 |pmid=19470724}}</ref> Cire kwayar halittar RB da yawan bayyanar cyclin E suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin mummunar yaduwar BLBC. Ƙarin bincike sun nuna cewa canjin epithelial-mesenchymal (EMT) yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin mamayewar ciwon nono. EMT yana nufin asarar halaye na bambancin epithelial na sel na epithelials kuma yana nuna halaye na rarrabewar mesenchymal, wanda ke haifar da raguwar mannewar tantanin halitta da karuwar motsi na sel da kuma ba da damar sel na ciwon daji don samun infiltration da metastasis.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Hugo H, Ackland ML, Blick T, Lawrence MG, Clements JA, Williams ED, Thompson EW |date=November 2007 |title=Epithelial--mesenchymal and mesenchymal--epithelial transitions in carcinoma progression |journal=Journal of Cellular Physiology |volume=213 |issue=2 |pages=374–83 |doi=10.1002/jcp.21223 |pmid=17680632 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Yang da sauransu.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Yang J, Weinberg RA |date=June 2008 |title=Epithelial-mesenchymal transition: at the crossroads of development and tumor metastasis |journal=Developmental Cell |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=818–29 |doi=10.1016/j.devcel.2008.05.009 |pmid=18539112 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ya yi imanin cewa EMT ya fi faruwa a cikin BLBC kuma yana motsawa ta hanyar microenvironment mara kyau kamar hypoxia. Alamun EMT kamar N-cadherin da vimentin suna bayyana sosai a cikin BLBC, yayin da alamun epithelial E-cadherin galibi ba su nan.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Sarrió D, Rodriguez-Pinilla SM, Hardisson D, Cano A, Moreno-Bueno G, Palacios J |date=February 2008 |title=Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer relates to the basal-like phenotype |journal=Cancer Research |volume=68 |issue=4 |pages=989–97 |doi=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2017 |pmid=18281472 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ayyukan TGF-β, Wnt, da hanyoyin Notch a cikin BLBC yana haifar da bayyanar abubuwan da suka shafi EMT FOXC2, Twist, Slug, Snail, da LBX1, sannan kuma yana haifar da saukowa na E-cadherin da inganta EMT. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Storci G, Sansone P, Trere D, Tavolari S, Taffurelli M, Ceccarelli C, Guarnieri T, Paterini P, Pariali M, Montanaro L, Santini D, Chieco P, Bonafé M |date=January 2008 |title=The basal-like breast carcinoma phenotype is regulated by SLUG gene expression |journal=The Journal of Pathology |volume=214 |issue=1 |pages=25–37 |doi=10.1002/path.2254 |pmid=17973239 |s2cid=25174741}}</ref> Bayan haka, EGFR yana aiki a cikin motsi da mamayewa ta hanyar haifar da maganganun Twist, kuma ta haka ne inganta EMT.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Lo HW, Hsu SC, Xia W, Cao X, Shih JY, Wei Y, Abbruzzese JL, Hortobagyi GN, Hung MC |date=October 2007 |title=Epidermal growth factor receptor cooperates with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells via up-regulation of TWIST gene expression |journal=Cancer Research |volume=67 |issue=19 |pages=9066–76 |doi=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-0575 |pmc=2570961 |pmid=17909010}}</ref> An bayar da rahoton cewa EMT a cikin kumburi na iya kasancewa tare da karuwar Neovascularization, wanda zai iya hanzarta faruwar metastasis na hematogenous a cikin sel na ciwon daji.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Niu RF, Zhang L, Xi GM, Wei XY, Yang Y, Shi YR, Hao XS |date=September 2007 |title=Up-regulation of Twist induces angiogenesis and correlates with metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma |journal=Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=385–94 |pmid=17987801}}</ref> A takaice dai, EMT ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen canja wurin BLBC. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1h4k2h4yej7h72zstt4x0h35iu237es 0 159117 863141 2026-06-21T14:22:31Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1326670656|Breast cancer stem cell]]" 863141 wikitext text/x-wiki Ciwon daji na mama shine mafi yawan nau'in ciwon daji tsakanin mata a duniya, tare da mutuwar 685,000 da aka rubuta a duk duniya a cikin 2020.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Torre |first=LA |last2=Bray |first2=F |last3=Siegel |first3=RL |date=2015 |title=Global Cancer Statistics |journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians |volume=65 |issue=2 |pages=87–108 |doi=10.3322/caac.21262 |pmid=25651787 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Hanyoyin da aka fi amfani da su don maganin [[Sankaran Nono|Ciwon nono]] sun haɗa da tiyata, radiotherapy da chemotherapy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Siegel |first=R |last2=Ma |first2=J |last3=Zou |first3=Z |last4=Jemal |first4=A |date=2014 |title=Cancer Statistics |journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians |volume=64 |issue=64 |pages=9–29 |doi=10.3322/caac.21208 |pmid=24399786 |s2cid=207638818 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Wasu daga cikin wadannan marasa lafiya da aka kula da su suna fuskantar sake dawo da cututtuka da metastasis. Ci gaban tashin hankali da sake dawowar wannan cuta an danganta shi da kasancewar ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da aka sani da '''Kwayoyin ciwon nono''' (BCSCs). Wadannan kwayoyin suna da ikon sabunta kansu da farawar kumburi, suna ba su damar zama direbobi na metastases da ci gaban kumburi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Anders |first=C |last2=Carey |first2=LA |date=2008 |title=Understanding and treating triple negative breast cancer |journal=Oncology |volume=22 |issue=11 |pages=1233–1239 |pmc=2868264 |pmid=18980022}}</ref> Microenvironment din da wadannan sel ke zaune yana cike da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na zama waɗanda ke ba da alamun siginar da ake buƙata don sabuntawa da rayuwa ta BCSC.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Velasco-Velazquez |first=MA |last2=Popov |first2=VM |last3=Lisanti |first3=MP |date=2011 |title=The role of breast cancer stem cells in metastasis and therapeutic implications |journal=American Journal of Pathology |volume=179 |issue=1 |pages=2–11 |doi=10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.03.005 |pmc=3123864 |pmid=21640330}}</ref> Samar da cytokines yana bawa waɗannan ƙwayoyin damar tserewa daga Ciwon daji na farko kuma suyi tafiya ta hanyar zagayawa zuwa gabobin da ke nesa, suna fara aiwatar da metastasis.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Al-Hussani |first=H |last2=Subramanyan |first2=D |last3=Reedjik |first3=M |date=2011 |title=Notch signaling as a therapeutic target in breast cancer |journal=Molecular Cancer Therapeutics |volume=10 |issue=10 |pages=9–15 |doi=10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-0677 |pmc=3040722 |pmid=20971825 |s2cid=5677955}}</ref> Saboda muhimmiyar rawar da suke takawa wajen yaduwar cututtukan, BCSCs suna wakiltar sabon manufa don magance kumburi a tushen metastasis. == Asalin da Halaye == An fara gano [[Kwayoyin Ciwon Daji|Kwayoyin ciwon daji]] a cikin kumburi na nono a shekara ta 2003.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Al-Hajj |first=M |last2=Wicha |first2=MS |last3=Benito-Hernandez |first3=A |date=2003 |title=Prospective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=100 |issue=7 |pages=3983–3988 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0530291100 |pmc=153034 |pmid=12629218 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Akwai ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da asalin waɗannan sel. Akwai binciken da ke nuna cewa kwayoyin halitta na yau da kullun suna fuskantar maye gurbi wanda ke haifar da canjin su zuwa BCSCs, yayin da akwai kuma nazarin da suka kammala cewa waɗannan sel sun fito ne daga kuskuren ƙwayoyin halitta na somatic de novo.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hartwig |first=FP |last2=Nedel |first2=F |last3=Collares |first3=T |last4=Tarquinio |first4=SB |date=2014 |title=Oncogenic somatic events in tissue-specific stem cells |journal=Ageing Research Reviews |volume=13 |pages=100–106 |doi=10.1016/j.arr.2013.12.004 |pmid=24374269 |s2cid=20399751}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wang |first=RA |last2=Li |first2=ZS |last3=Zhang |first3=HZ |last4=Zheng |first4=PJ |date=2013 |title=Invasive cancers are not necessarily from preformed in situ tumors |journal=Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine |volume=17 |issue=7 |pages=921–926 |doi=10.1111/jcmm.12078 |pmc=3822897 |pmid=23741988 |doi-access=free}}</ref> An yi amfani da maganganun maɓallan farfajiyar don ganowa da ware BCSCs. An dauki mahimman sunadarai guda uku a matsayin alamomi don BCSCs: CD44, CD24 da aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Perrone |first=G |last2=Gaeta |first2=LM |last3=Zagami |first3=M |last4=Nasorri |first4=F |last5=Coppola |first5=R |date=2012 |title=In situ identification of CD44+/CD24- cancer cells in primary human breast cancer carcinomas |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=7 |issue=9 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0043110 |pmc=3441535 |pmid=23028444 |doi-access=free}}</ref> CD44, wani Glycoprotein na farfajiyar tantanin halitta, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin mannewa, ƙaura da mamayewar ƙwayoyin cutar nono.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Herrer-Gayol |first=A |last2=Jothy |first2=S |date=1999 |title=Adhesion proteins in the biology of breast cancer: contribution of CD44 |journal=Experimental and Molecular Pathology |volume=66 |issue=2 |pages=149–156 |doi=10.1006/exmp.1999.2251 |pmid=10409443}}</ref> Baya ga ikonsa na inganta yaduwa da [[metastasis]], hulɗar wannan furotin tare da osteopontin yana hanzarta Ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rangaswami |first=H |last2=Bulbule |first2=A |last3=Kundu |first3=GC |date=2006 |title=Osteopontin: role in cell signaling and cancer progression |journal=Trends in Cell Biology |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=79–87 |doi=10.1016/j.tcb.2005.12.005 |pmid=16406521}}</ref> ALDH, dangin enzymes wanda ke oxidizes intracellular aldehydes da retinol, yana taimakawa wajen bambancin ƙwayoyin halitta.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Balicki |first=D |date=2007 |title=Moving forward in human mammary stem cell biology and breast cancer progression using ALDH |journal=Cell Stem Cell |volume=1 |issue=5 |pages=485–487 |doi=10.1016/j.stem.2007.10.015 |pmid=18938743 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Bincike ya nuna cewa BCSCs suna da kyau ga duka CD44 da ALDH, yayin da ba su da kyau ga CD24.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bozorgi |first=A |last2=Khazaei |first2=M |last3=Khazaei |first3=MR |date=2015 |title=New findings on breast cancer stem cells |journal=Journal of Breast Cancer |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=303–312 |doi=10.4048/jbc.2015.18.4.303 |pmc=4705081 |pmid=26770236 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Hanyoyin Sigina da Kwayoyin == Yankin kumburi wanda waɗannan BCSCs ke zaune yana tallafawa ci gaban su da sabunta kansu. Wannan microenvironment yana ba da waɗannan ƙwayoyin tare da shafin haɗin jiki, tsari wanda ke da alaƙa da kwayoyin mannewa, abubuwan da ke cikin matrix na extracellular (ECM) da abubuwan da ƙwayoyin stromal suka ɓoye.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Li |first=L |last2=Neaves |first2=WB |date=2006 |title=Normal stem cells and cancer stem cells: the niche matters |journal=Cancer Research |volume=66 |issue=9 |pages=4553–4557 |doi=10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-3986 |pmid=16651403 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Irin su hulɗar tsakanin hyaluronic acid (HA) da CD44 suna motsa kunna wasu hanyoyin da ke inganta cutar kansa kamar Nanog, HER2 da NF-κβ.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Velasco-Velazquez |first=MA |last2=Popov |first2=VM |last3=Lisanti |first3=MP |date=2011 |title=The role of breast cancer stem cells in metastasis and therapeutic implications |journal=American Journal of Pathology |volume=179 |issue=1 |pages=2–11 |doi=10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.03.005 |pmc=3123864 |pmid=21640330}}</ref> Yin amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin yana haifar da karuwar yaduwa, mamayewa da ƙaura na BCSCs. A sakamakon haka, ciwon daji na farko na nono da sauri yana samar da metastases a wurare masu nisa. Dukkanin canjin epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) da canjin mesenchymel-to-epithelial (MET) sune mahimman abubuwan da ke motsa wannan tsarin metastasis. BCSCs suna fuskantar waɗannan matakai biyu yayin da suke tserewa daga wurin ciwon daji na farko, shiga cikin jini da gida zuwa sabon wurin gaɓoɓin don fara ci gaban ciwon daji. A cikin wannan tsari, akwai haɓakar abubuwan haɓaka, wanda hakan ke kunnawa da kashe abubuwan fassarar mesenchymal da epithelial.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bozorgi |first=A |last2=Khazaei |first2=M |last3=Khazaei |first3=MR |date=2015 |title=New findings on breast cancer stem cells |journal=Journal of Breast Cancer |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=303–312 |doi=10.4048/jbc.2015.18.4.303 |pmc=4705081 |pmid=26770236 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Haɗin waɗannan abubuwan yana ba da alamun sigina da BCSCs ke buƙata don tsira, girma da yawaitawa. Hanyoyin da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ci gaban embryonic da homeostasis na nama na manya suma suna da alaƙa da fitar da phenotype na BCSCs. Rashin daidaita hanyoyin Notch da Hedgehog, wanda ke tsara bambancin tantanin halitta na yau da kullun da sabunta kansa, yana daya daga cikin irin wannan misali.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Karamboulous |first=C |last2=Ailles |first2=L |date=2013 |title=Developmental signaling pathways in cancer stem cells of solid tumors |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1830 |issue=2 |pages=2481–2495 |doi=10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.11.008 |pmid=23196196}}</ref> Dukkanin wadannan hanyoyin an nuna cewa an inganta su a cikin ciwon nono. Wasu ayyukan farko sun nuna cewa kunna waɗannan hanyoyin na iya danganta da juriya na BCSCs ga magani.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Singh |first=A |last2=Settleman |first2=J |date=2010 |title=EMT, cancer stem cells and drug resistance |journal=Oncogene |volume=29 |issue=34 |pages=4741–4751 |doi=10.1038/onc.2010.215 |pmc=3176718 |pmid=20531305}}</ref> == Ciwon daji na mama Metabolism == Kwayoyin ciwon nono sun tabbatar da asalin tantanin halitta ta hanyar bayyana tsarin sunadarai na musamman da alamun farfajiyar a matsayin yatsan yatsa. Dangane da haka, ƙwayoyin ciwon nono suna da halaye na musamman don ci gaba da ci gaba da cutar kansa. Duk da yake rage ROS Level yana inganta radioresistance da EMT phenotype na ƙwayoyin ciwon daji, siginar Notch tana hulɗa tare da metabolism na sel don inganta ƙwayoyin cutar nono. == Sakamakon Magunguna == Dukkanin binciken asibiti da na asibiti sun nuna alaƙa tsakanin BCSCs da metastasis. Misali, an nuna cewa CD44 + / CD24- ƙwayoyin ciwon daji a cikin ciwon nono na farko da ke da alaƙa da kasancewar metastases na nesa.[1] Bugu da kari, gwaje-gwaje na in vitro sun tabbatar da cewa waɗannan ƙwayoyin sun nuna karuwar motsi da mamayewa.[2] Akwai alamun alaƙar da ke tsakanin chemoresistance na CSCs da metastasis. Pleural metastases daga marasa lafiya na ciwon nono an wadata su da CD44 + / CD24- sel, wanda ke nuna wadatar BCSCs a cikin waɗannan kumburi masu tsayayya.[3] Tsayayyar warkewa na BCSCs tana da matsakaici ta hanyar tarin hanyoyin, waɗanda suka haɗa da masu jigilar cassette na ATP, aikin ALDH da nau'ikan oxygen masu amsawa. [4] A sakamakon haka, waɗannan kumburi sun zama da wahala a yi musu magani ta hanyar hanyoyin al'ada kamar chemotherapy. Wannan ya haifar da bincike don sabbin dandamali na isar da magunguna waɗanda zasu iya yin niyya ga BCSCs da kuma wurin da waɗannan sel ke zaune. Rushewar wannan tsarin halittu da tsari zai samar da wata hanya ta hanyar magance wannan cuta. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] op273xk5zd3k5i0m3rlhi32twatdm0s 863142 863141 2026-06-21T14:23:10Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ciwon daji na mama shine mafi yawan nau'in ciwon daji tsakanin mata a duniya, tare da mutuwar 685,000 da aka rubuta a duk duniya a cikin 2020.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Torre |first=LA |last2=Bray |first2=F |last3=Siegel |first3=RL |date=2015 |title=Global Cancer Statistics |journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians |volume=65 |issue=2 |pages=87–108 |doi=10.3322/caac.21262 |pmid=25651787 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Hanyoyin da aka fi amfani da su don maganin [[Sankaran Nono|Ciwon nono]] sun haɗa da tiyata, radiotherapy da chemotherapy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Siegel |first=R |last2=Ma |first2=J |last3=Zou |first3=Z |last4=Jemal |first4=A |date=2014 |title=Cancer Statistics |journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians |volume=64 |issue=64 |pages=9–29 |doi=10.3322/caac.21208 |pmid=24399786 |s2cid=207638818 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Wasu daga cikin wadannan marasa lafiya da aka kula da su suna fuskantar sake dawo da cututtuka da metastasis. Ci gaban tashin hankali da sake dawowar wannan cuta an danganta shi da kasancewar ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da aka sani da '''Kwayoyin ciwon nono''' (BCSCs). Wadannan kwayoyin suna da ikon sabunta kansu da farawar kumburi, suna ba su damar zama direbobi na metastases da ci gaban kumburi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Anders |first=C |last2=Carey |first2=LA |date=2008 |title=Understanding and treating triple negative breast cancer |journal=Oncology |volume=22 |issue=11 |pages=1233–1239 |pmc=2868264 |pmid=18980022}}</ref> Microenvironment din da wadannan sel ke zaune yana cike da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na zama waɗanda ke ba da alamun siginar da ake buƙata don sabuntawa da rayuwa ta BCSC.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Velasco-Velazquez |first=MA |last2=Popov |first2=VM |last3=Lisanti |first3=MP |date=2011 |title=The role of breast cancer stem cells in metastasis and therapeutic implications |journal=American Journal of Pathology |volume=179 |issue=1 |pages=2–11 |doi=10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.03.005 |pmc=3123864 |pmid=21640330}}</ref> Samar da cytokines yana bawa waɗannan ƙwayoyin damar tserewa daga Ciwon daji na farko kuma suyi tafiya ta hanyar zagayawa zuwa gabobin da ke nesa, suna fara aiwatar da metastasis.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Al-Hussani |first=H |last2=Subramanyan |first2=D |last3=Reedjik |first3=M |date=2011 |title=Notch signaling as a therapeutic target in breast cancer |journal=Molecular Cancer Therapeutics |volume=10 |issue=10 |pages=9–15 |doi=10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-0677 |pmc=3040722 |pmid=20971825 |s2cid=5677955}}</ref> Saboda muhimmiyar rawar da suke takawa wajen yaduwar cututtukan, BCSCs suna wakiltar sabon manufa don magance kumburi a tushen metastasis. == Asalin da Halaye == An fara gano [[Kwayoyin Ciwon Daji|Kwayoyin ciwon daji]] a cikin kumburi na nono a shekara ta 2003.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Al-Hajj |first=M |last2=Wicha |first2=MS |last3=Benito-Hernandez |first3=A |date=2003 |title=Prospective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=100 |issue=7 |pages=3983–3988 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0530291100 |pmc=153034 |pmid=12629218 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Akwai ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da asalin waɗannan sel. Akwai binciken da ke nuna cewa kwayoyin halitta na yau da kullun suna fuskantar maye gurbi wanda ke haifar da canjin su zuwa BCSCs, yayin da akwai kuma nazarin da suka kammala cewa waɗannan sel sun fito ne daga kuskuren ƙwayoyin halitta na somatic de novo.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hartwig |first=FP |last2=Nedel |first2=F |last3=Collares |first3=T |last4=Tarquinio |first4=SB |date=2014 |title=Oncogenic somatic events in tissue-specific stem cells |journal=Ageing Research Reviews |volume=13 |pages=100–106 |doi=10.1016/j.arr.2013.12.004 |pmid=24374269 |s2cid=20399751}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wang |first=RA |last2=Li |first2=ZS |last3=Zhang |first3=HZ |last4=Zheng |first4=PJ |date=2013 |title=Invasive cancers are not necessarily from preformed in situ tumors |journal=Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine |volume=17 |issue=7 |pages=921–926 |doi=10.1111/jcmm.12078 |pmc=3822897 |pmid=23741988 |doi-access=free}}</ref> An yi amfani da maganganun maɓallan farfajiyar don ganowa da ware BCSCs. An dauki mahimman sunadarai guda uku a matsayin alamomi don BCSCs: CD44, CD24 da aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Perrone |first=G |last2=Gaeta |first2=LM |last3=Zagami |first3=M |last4=Nasorri |first4=F |last5=Coppola |first5=R |date=2012 |title=In situ identification of CD44+/CD24- cancer cells in primary human breast cancer carcinomas |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=7 |issue=9 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0043110 |pmc=3441535 |pmid=23028444 |doi-access=free}}</ref> CD44, wani Glycoprotein na farfajiyar tantanin halitta, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin mannewa, ƙaura da mamayewar ƙwayoyin cutar nono.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Herrer-Gayol |first=A |last2=Jothy |first2=S |date=1999 |title=Adhesion proteins in the biology of breast cancer: contribution of CD44 |journal=Experimental and Molecular Pathology |volume=66 |issue=2 |pages=149–156 |doi=10.1006/exmp.1999.2251 |pmid=10409443}}</ref> Baya ga ikonsa na inganta yaduwa da [[metastasis]], hulɗar wannan furotin tare da osteopontin yana hanzarta Ci gaban ciwon daji.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rangaswami |first=H |last2=Bulbule |first2=A |last3=Kundu |first3=GC |date=2006 |title=Osteopontin: role in cell signaling and cancer progression |journal=Trends in Cell Biology |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=79–87 |doi=10.1016/j.tcb.2005.12.005 |pmid=16406521}}</ref> ALDH, dangin enzymes wanda ke oxidizes intracellular aldehydes da retinol, yana taimakawa wajen bambancin ƙwayoyin halitta.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Balicki |first=D |date=2007 |title=Moving forward in human mammary stem cell biology and breast cancer progression using ALDH |journal=Cell Stem Cell |volume=1 |issue=5 |pages=485–487 |doi=10.1016/j.stem.2007.10.015 |pmid=18938743 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Bincike ya nuna cewa BCSCs suna da kyau ga duka CD44 da ALDH, yayin da ba su da kyau ga CD24.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bozorgi |first=A |last2=Khazaei |first2=M |last3=Khazaei |first3=MR |date=2015 |title=New findings on breast cancer stem cells |journal=Journal of Breast Cancer |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=303–312 |doi=10.4048/jbc.2015.18.4.303 |pmc=4705081 |pmid=26770236 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Hanyoyin Sigina da Kwayoyin == Yankin kumburi wanda waɗannan BCSCs ke zaune yana tallafawa ci gaban su da sabunta kansu. Wannan microenvironment yana ba da waɗannan ƙwayoyin tare da shafin haɗin jiki, tsari wanda ke da alaƙa da kwayoyin mannewa, abubuwan da ke cikin matrix na extracellular (ECM) da abubuwan da ƙwayoyin stromal suka ɓoye.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Li |first=L |last2=Neaves |first2=WB |date=2006 |title=Normal stem cells and cancer stem cells: the niche matters |journal=Cancer Research |volume=66 |issue=9 |pages=4553–4557 |doi=10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-3986 |pmid=16651403 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Irin su hulɗar tsakanin hyaluronic acid (HA) da CD44 suna motsa kunna wasu hanyoyin da ke inganta cutar kansa kamar Nanog, HER2 da NF-κβ.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Velasco-Velazquez |first=MA |last2=Popov |first2=VM |last3=Lisanti |first3=MP |date=2011 |title=The role of breast cancer stem cells in metastasis and therapeutic implications |journal=American Journal of Pathology |volume=179 |issue=1 |pages=2–11 |doi=10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.03.005 |pmc=3123864 |pmid=21640330}}</ref> Yin amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin yana haifar da karuwar yaduwa, mamayewa da ƙaura na BCSCs. A sakamakon haka, ciwon daji na farko na nono da sauri yana samar da metastases a wurare masu nisa. Dukkanin canjin epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) da canjin mesenchymel-to-epithelial (MET) sune mahimman abubuwan da ke motsa wannan tsarin metastasis. BCSCs suna fuskantar waɗannan matakai biyu yayin da suke tserewa daga wurin ciwon daji na farko, shiga cikin jini da gida zuwa sabon wurin gaɓoɓin don fara ci gaban ciwon daji. A cikin wannan tsari, akwai haɓakar abubuwan haɓaka, wanda hakan ke kunnawa da kashe abubuwan fassarar mesenchymal da epithelial.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bozorgi |first=A |last2=Khazaei |first2=M |last3=Khazaei |first3=MR |date=2015 |title=New findings on breast cancer stem cells |journal=Journal of Breast Cancer |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=303–312 |doi=10.4048/jbc.2015.18.4.303 |pmc=4705081 |pmid=26770236 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Haɗin waɗannan abubuwan yana ba da alamun sigina da BCSCs ke buƙata don tsira, girma da yawaitawa. Hanyoyin da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ci gaban embryonic da homeostasis na nama na manya suma suna da alaƙa da fitar da phenotype na BCSCs. Rashin daidaita hanyoyin Notch da Hedgehog, wanda ke tsara bambancin tantanin halitta na yau da kullun da sabunta kansa, yana daya daga cikin irin wannan misali.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Karamboulous |first=C |last2=Ailles |first2=L |date=2013 |title=Developmental signaling pathways in cancer stem cells of solid tumors |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1830 |issue=2 |pages=2481–2495 |doi=10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.11.008 |pmid=23196196}}</ref> Dukkanin wadannan hanyoyin an nuna cewa an inganta su a cikin ciwon nono. Wasu ayyukan farko sun nuna cewa kunna waɗannan hanyoyin na iya danganta da juriya na BCSCs ga magani.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Singh |first=A |last2=Settleman |first2=J |date=2010 |title=EMT, cancer stem cells and drug resistance |journal=Oncogene |volume=29 |issue=34 |pages=4741–4751 |doi=10.1038/onc.2010.215 |pmc=3176718 |pmid=20531305}}</ref> == Ciwon daji na mama Metabolism == Kwayoyin ciwon nono sun tabbatar da asalin tantanin halitta ta hanyar bayyana tsarin sunadarai na musamman da alamun farfajiyar a matsayin yatsan yatsa. Dangane da haka, ƙwayoyin ciwon nono suna da halaye na musamman don ci gaba da ci gaba da cutar kansa. Duk da yake rage ROS Level yana inganta radioresistance da EMT phenotype na ƙwayoyin ciwon daji, siginar Notch tana hulɗa tare da metabolism na sel don inganta ƙwayoyin cutar nono. == Sakamakon Magunguna == Dukkanin binciken asibiti da na asibiti sun nuna alaƙa tsakanin BCSCs da metastasis. Misali, an nuna cewa CD44 + / CD24- ƙwayoyin ciwon daji a cikin ciwon nono na farko da ke da alaƙa da kasancewar metastases na nesa.[1] Bugu da kari, gwaje-gwaje na in vitro sun tabbatar da cewa waɗannan ƙwayoyin sun nuna karuwar motsi da mamayewa.[2] Akwai alamun alaƙar da ke tsakanin chemoresistance na CSCs da metastasis. Pleural metastases daga marasa lafiya na ciwon nono an wadata su da CD44 + / CD24- sel, wanda ke nuna wadatar BCSCs a cikin waɗannan kumburi masu tsayayya.[3] Tsayayyar warkewa na BCSCs tana da matsakaici ta hanyar tarin hanyoyin, waɗanda suka haɗa da masu jigilar cassette na ATP, aikin ALDH da nau'ikan oxygen masu amsawa. [4] A sakamakon haka, waɗannan kumburi sun zama da wahala a yi musu magani ta hanyar hanyoyin al'ada kamar chemotherapy. Wannan ya haifar da bincike don sabbin dandamali na isar da magunguna waɗanda zasu iya yin niyya ga BCSCs da kuma wurin da waɗannan sel ke zaune. Rushewar wannan tsarin halittu da tsari zai samar da wata hanya ta hanyar magance wannan cuta. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2h1guturxjd91qlzxltmy2sm4jxaoya 0 159118 863143 2026-06-21T14:23:33Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358746789|Breast Cancer Care]]" 863143 wikitext text/x-wiki Kula da Ciwon Cutar nono ita ce kawai ƙwararren agaji a Burtaniya da ke ba da kulawa, tallafi da bayanai ga duk Landan ke fama da ciwon nono. Hedikwatar kungiyar agaji tana cikin London, tare da ƙarin ofisoshi a Sheffield, Cardiff, da Glasgow. Kafofin yada labarai suna ambaton shi akai-akai don neman hangen nesa na marasa lafiya akan ciwon nono.[1] == Ayyuka == Kula da Ciwon Cutar nono yana ba da bayanai da sabis na tallafi ga duk wanda ke fama da ciwon nono, gami da abokai da dangin mutumin da aka gano da kuma masu kula da lafiyar nono. Wadannan ayyuka sun hada da: * tallafin tarho na kyauta da bayanai Taimako * Ka tambayi ma'aikatan jinya na imel * ayyuka masu yawa na ƙwararru da suka haɗa da bayanan ƙwararru, damar yin tambayoyi da saduwa da wasu mutanen da ke fuskantar ciwon nono * bayanai masu yawa na haƙuri kyauta, a kan layi da kuma offline, gami da sabis na murya akan Amazon Alexa * wani dandalin tallafin abokan hulɗa na kan layi == Cibiyar Nursing == An ƙaddamar da Cibiyar Kula da Ciwon Cutar nono a matsayin sabis ga ƙwararrun kiwon lafiya a cikin 2010. Fiye da ma'aikatan jinya 1,000 yanzu sun shiga aikin. Membobin Cibiyar Nursing suna aiki tare don taimakawa wajen tabbatar da cewa mutanen da ke fama da cutar kansar mama sun sami mafi kyawun magani da kulawa. Tallafin Kula da Ciwon Cutar nono ga masu sana'a na kiwon lafiya ta hanyar Nursing Network ya haɗa da zaman horo kan takamaiman fannoni na maganin ciwon nono da kulawa, da hanyoyin raba mafi kyawun aiki. Membobin cibiyar sadarwa a kai a kai suna karɓar bayanai da labarai game da ayyukan Kula da Ciwon Cutar Cutar Ciki da kamfen, da ci gaban asibiti da canje-canje a aikace, musamman ta hanyar mujallar membobin Nursing Network News. The Breast Cancer Care Helpline yana buɗewa ga masu kiwon lafiya da ke buƙatar tallafi ko jagora. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] pcli6s49w5vgexkfwmhrwhe8l6cx6vg 863144 863143 2026-06-21T14:23:56Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Kula da Ciwon Cutar nono ita ce kawai ƙwararren agaji a Burtaniya da ke ba da kulawa, tallafi da bayanai ga duk Landan ke fama da ciwon nono. Hedikwatar kungiyar agaji tana cikin London, tare da ƙarin ofisoshi a Sheffield, Cardiff, da Glasgow. Kafofin yada labarai suna ambaton shi akai-akai don neman hangen nesa na marasa lafiya akan ciwon nono.[1] == Ayyuka == Kula da Ciwon Cutar nono yana ba da bayanai da sabis na tallafi ga duk wanda ke fama da ciwon nono, gami da abokai da dangin mutumin da aka gano da kuma masu kula da lafiyar nono. Wadannan ayyuka sun hada da: * tallafin tarho na kyauta da bayanai Taimako * Ka tambayi ma'aikatan jinya na imel * ayyuka masu yawa na ƙwararru da suka haɗa da bayanan ƙwararru, damar yin tambayoyi da saduwa da wasu mutanen da ke fuskantar ciwon nono * bayanai masu yawa na haƙuri kyauta, a kan layi da kuma offline, gami da sabis na murya akan Amazon Alexa * wani dandalin tallafin abokan hulɗa na kan layi == Cibiyar Nursing == An ƙaddamar da Cibiyar Kula da Ciwon Cutar nono a matsayin sabis ga ƙwararrun kiwon lafiya a cikin 2010. Fiye da ma'aikatan jinya 1,000 yanzu sun shiga aikin. Membobin Cibiyar Nursing suna aiki tare don taimakawa wajen tabbatar da cewa mutanen da ke fama da cutar kansar mama sun sami mafi kyawun magani da kulawa. Tallafin Kula da Ciwon Cutar nono ga masu sana'a na kiwon lafiya ta hanyar Nursing Network ya haɗa da zaman horo kan takamaiman fannoni na maganin ciwon nono da kulawa, da hanyoyin raba mafi kyawun aiki. Membobin cibiyar sadarwa a kai a kai suna karɓar bayanai da labarai game da ayyukan Kula da Ciwon Cutar Cutar Ciki da kamfen, da ci gaban asibiti da canje-canje a aikace, musamman ta hanyar mujallar membobin Nursing Network News. The Breast Cancer Care Helpline yana buɗewa ga masu kiwon lafiya da ke buƙatar tallafi ko jagora. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lbzq4ohs49hvkf6yslogtxtm7s6ja42 0 159119 863145 2026-06-21T14:24:12Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355992302|Adipomastia]]" 863145 wikitext text/x-wiki Adipomastia, wanda kuma aka fi sani da ƙirjin mai kitse,[1] cuta ce da aka ayyana a matsayin yawan fata da/ko wani lebur na nama mai kitse (wanda baya fitowa kamar nonon mace) a cikin ƙirjin namiji ba tare da ainihin gynecomastia ba.[2][3][4] Yana faruwa ne a cikin maza masu kiba, kuma yana bayyana musamman a cikin maza waɗanda suka yi asarar nauyi mai yawa.[5][6] Kalma mai alaƙa/mai kama da ita ita ce pseudogynecomastia.[7] Yanayin ya bambanta kuma ya kamata a bambanta shi da gynecomastia ("nonon mata"), wanda ya haɗa da nama mai kama da mace da/ko nama mai kama da na mace a cikin namiji.[2][7] Yawancin lokaci ana iya bambanta yanayin biyu cikin sauƙi ta hanyar taɓawa don duba kasancewar nama mai kama da na mace.[6][8] Wani bambanci tsakanin yanayin shine cewa ciwon nono/taushin nono ba ya faruwa a cikin pseudogynecomastia.[5] Wani lokaci, gynecomastia da pseudogynecomastia suna tare; Wannan yana da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa kyallen kitse yana bayyana aromatase, enzyme da ke da alhakin haɗa estrogen, kuma ana samar da estrogen zuwa wani matsayi mara kyau a cikin maza masu yawan kitse, wanda ke haifar da faɗaɗa glandular a lokaci guda.[5][9] Ana iya rarraba Adipomastia a matsayin aji ɗaya, biyu, ko uku. Matsayi na farko ana nuna shi kamar yana da mafi ƙarancin kitse da fata a kirji, da kuma iyakantaccen canji a cikin sanya maɗaukaki da saukowar ƙuƙwalwa. Grade 1a ba shi da wani nau'in fata na gefe, yayin da grade 1b yana nuna nau'in fatar kirji na gefe. An rarraba aji na biyu a matsayin rikitarwa na nipple-areola da inframammary fold a ƙasa da mafi kyawun inframammarian fold, jujjuyawar kirji ta gefe, da iyakancewar laxity na ciki. An bayyana digiri na uku a matsayin rikitarwa na nipple-areola da inframammary fold a ƙarƙashin mafi kyawun inframammarian fold, jujjuyawar kirji na gefe, da kuma laxity na ciki na sama.[1] == Magani == Ultrasonic da lipectomy mai taimako, wanda ya biyo bayan hanyoyin cirewa na biyu, ana iya amfani da su don magance Grade 1a Adipomastia. Ana amfani da lipectomy mai taimakawa da yawa, da kuma cirewa kai tsaye na juzu'in kirji na gefe, don magance aji 1b Adipomastia. Ana iya amfani da hanyoyin cirewa na biyu don magance ragowar nakasa waɗanda ba sa janyewa yadda ya kamata.<ref name="Gusenoff Coon Rubin 2008 pp. 1301–1311">{{Cite journal |last=Gusenoff |first=Jeffrey A. |last2=Coon |first2=Devin |last3=Rubin |first3=J Peter |year=2008 |title=Pseudogynecomastia after Massive Weight Loss: Detectability of Technique, Patient Satisfaction, and Classification |journal=Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery |publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) |volume=122 |issue=5 |pages=1301–1311 |doi=10.1097/prs.0b013e3181881df4 |issn=0032-1052 |pmid=18971712}}</ref> Ana iya sarrafa Adipomastia na Grade 2 tare da sake fasalin dermoglandular.<ref name="Gusenoff Coon Rubin 2008 pp. 1301–1311">{{Cite journal |last=Gusenoff |first=Jeffrey A. |last2=Coon |first2=Devin |last3=Rubin |first3=J Peter |year=2008 |title=Pseudogynecomastia after Massive Weight Loss: Detectability of Technique, Patient Satisfaction, and Classification |journal=Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery |publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) |volume=122 |issue=5 |pages=1301–1311 |doi=10.1097/prs.0b013e3181881df4 |issn=0032-1052 |pmid=18971712}}</ref> Grade 3 Adipomastia ana kula da shi tare da free-nipple grafting saboda digiri na resection.<ref name="Gusenoff Coon Rubin 2008 pp. 1301–1311">{{Cite journal |last=Gusenoff |first=Jeffrey A. |last2=Coon |first2=Devin |last3=Rubin |first3=J Peter |year=2008 |title=Pseudogynecomastia after Massive Weight Loss: Detectability of Technique, Patient Satisfaction, and Classification |journal=Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery |publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) |volume=122 |issue=5 |pages=1301–1311 |doi=10.1097/prs.0b013e3181881df4 |issn=0032-1052 |pmid=18971712}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3j1f66hlfzj1zssmwqurrmdmewsgixb 863146 863145 2026-06-21T14:24:37Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Adipomastia, wanda kuma aka fi sani da ƙirjin mai kitse,[1] cuta ce da aka ayyana a matsayin yawan fata da/ko wani lebur na nama mai kitse (wanda baya fitowa kamar nonon mace) a cikin ƙirjin namiji ba tare da ainihin gynecomastia ba.[2][3][4] Yana faruwa ne a cikin maza masu kiba, kuma yana bayyana musamman a cikin maza waɗanda suka yi asarar nauyi mai yawa.[5][6] Kalma mai alaƙa/mai kama da ita ita ce pseudogynecomastia.[7] Yanayin ya bambanta kuma ya kamata a bambanta shi da gynecomastia ("nonon mata"), wanda ya haɗa da nama mai kama da mace da/ko nama mai kama da na mace a cikin namiji.[2][7] Yawancin lokaci ana iya bambanta yanayin biyu cikin sauƙi ta hanyar taɓawa don duba kasancewar nama mai kama da na mace.[6][8] Wani bambanci tsakanin yanayin shine cewa ciwon nono/taushin nono ba ya faruwa a cikin pseudogynecomastia.[5] Wani lokaci, gynecomastia da pseudogynecomastia suna tare; Wannan yana da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa kyallen kitse yana bayyana aromatase, enzyme da ke da alhakin haɗa estrogen, kuma ana samar da estrogen zuwa wani matsayi mara kyau a cikin maza masu yawan kitse, wanda ke haifar da faɗaɗa glandular a lokaci guda.[5][9] Ana iya rarraba Adipomastia a matsayin aji ɗaya, biyu, ko uku. Matsayi na farko ana nuna shi kamar yana da mafi ƙarancin kitse da fata a kirji, da kuma iyakantaccen canji a cikin sanya maɗaukaki da saukowar ƙuƙwalwa. Grade 1a ba shi da wani nau'in fata na gefe, yayin da grade 1b yana nuna nau'in fatar kirji na gefe. An rarraba aji na biyu a matsayin rikitarwa na nipple-areola da inframammary fold a ƙasa da mafi kyawun inframammarian fold, jujjuyawar kirji ta gefe, da iyakancewar laxity na ciki. An bayyana digiri na uku a matsayin rikitarwa na nipple-areola da inframammary fold a ƙarƙashin mafi kyawun inframammarian fold, jujjuyawar kirji na gefe, da kuma laxity na ciki na sama.[1] == Magani == Ultrasonic da lipectomy mai taimako, wanda ya biyo bayan hanyoyin cirewa na biyu, ana iya amfani da su don magance Grade 1a Adipomastia. Ana amfani da lipectomy mai taimakawa da yawa, da kuma cirewa kai tsaye na juzu'in kirji na gefe, don magance aji 1b Adipomastia. Ana iya amfani da hanyoyin cirewa na biyu don magance ragowar nakasa waɗanda ba sa janyewa yadda ya kamata.<ref name="Gusenoff Coon Rubin 2008 pp. 1301–1311">{{Cite journal |last=Gusenoff |first=Jeffrey A. |last2=Coon |first2=Devin |last3=Rubin |first3=J Peter |year=2008 |title=Pseudogynecomastia after Massive Weight Loss: Detectability of Technique, Patient Satisfaction, and Classification |journal=Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery |publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) |volume=122 |issue=5 |pages=1301–1311 |doi=10.1097/prs.0b013e3181881df4 |issn=0032-1052 |pmid=18971712}}</ref> Ana iya sarrafa Adipomastia na Grade 2 tare da sake fasalin dermoglandular.<ref name="Gusenoff Coon Rubin 2008 pp. 1301–1311">{{Cite journal |last=Gusenoff |first=Jeffrey A. |last2=Coon |first2=Devin |last3=Rubin |first3=J Peter |year=2008 |title=Pseudogynecomastia after Massive Weight Loss: Detectability of Technique, Patient Satisfaction, and Classification |journal=Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery |publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) |volume=122 |issue=5 |pages=1301–1311 |doi=10.1097/prs.0b013e3181881df4 |issn=0032-1052 |pmid=18971712}}</ref> Grade 3 Adipomastia ana kula da shi tare da free-nipple grafting saboda digiri na resection.<ref name="Gusenoff Coon Rubin 2008 pp. 1301–1311">{{Cite journal |last=Gusenoff |first=Jeffrey A. |last2=Coon |first2=Devin |last3=Rubin |first3=J Peter |year=2008 |title=Pseudogynecomastia after Massive Weight Loss: Detectability of Technique, Patient Satisfaction, and Classification |journal=Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery |publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) |volume=122 |issue=5 |pages=1301–1311 |doi=10.1097/prs.0b013e3181881df4 |issn=0032-1052 |pmid=18971712}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 550rsnae5olz28pthl8n6ml6pnvgmsn 0 159120 863147 2026-06-21T14:24:55Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354091773|Anisomastia]]" 863147 wikitext text/x-wiki Anisomastia Yanayin kiwon lafiya ne wanda akwai mummunan asymmetry ko rashin daidaito a cikin girman nono, gabaɗaya yana da alaƙa da bambanci a cikin girma.[1] A wasu kalmomi, lokacin da ɗaya daga cikin ƙirji ya fi ɗayan girma.[2] Sabanin anisomastia, ɗan ƙaramin asymmetry na ƙirji ya zama ruwan dare.[1] Ana iya gyara anisomastia ta hanyar kara nono ko raguwa.[3] * Ƙananan Ƙasashen * [[Hawan nono]] == Manazarta == 6acfqbl4p2ah1p698dh8x6kld2xreys 863148 863147 2026-06-21T14:25:29Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863148 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Anisomastia Yanayin kiwon lafiya ne wanda akwai mummunan asymmetry ko rashin daidaito a cikin girman nono, gabaɗaya yana da alaƙa da bambanci a cikin girma.[1] A wasu kalmomi, lokacin da ɗaya daga cikin ƙirji ya fi ɗayan girma.[2] Sabanin anisomastia, ɗan ƙaramin asymmetry na ƙirji ya zama ruwan dare.[1] Ana iya gyara anisomastia ta hanyar kara nono ko raguwa.[3] * Ƙananan Ƙasashen * [[Hawan nono]] == Manazarta == t9fal5p7p2t2cigrqymxp35lxfeuvh4 0 159121 863149 2026-06-21T14:25:56Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340640485|Amastia]]" 863149 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amastia''' yana nufin wani abu mai ban mamaki na asibiti wanda duka ƙwayoyin nono na ciki da maɓallin da ake gani ba su nan a gefe ɗaya ko duka biyu. Yana shafar maza da mata. Amastia na iya kasancewa a ware (kawai yanayin kiwon lafiya) ko kuma yana da alaƙa da wasu cututtuka, kamar ectodermal dysplasia, Syndactyly (Cutar Poland) da Ciwon sukari na lipoatrophic.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Patil LG, Shivanna NH, Benakappa N, Ravindranath H, Bhat R |date=October 2013 |title=Congenital amastia |journal=Indian Journal of Pediatrics |volume=80 |issue=10 |pages=870–1 |doi=10.1007/s12098-012-0919-1 |pmid=23255076 |s2cid=44908103}}</ref> Ana iya rarraba wannan rashin daidaituwa zuwa nau'o'i daban-daban, kuma kowannensu na iya haifar da cututtuka daban-daban.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Caouette-Laberge L, Borsuk D |date=February 2013 |title=Congenital anomalies of the breast |journal=Seminars in Plastic Surgery |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=36–41 |doi=10.1055/s-0033-1343995 |pmc=3706049 |pmid=24872738}}</ref> Amastia ya bambanta da [./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Amazia" id="mwFQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Amazia">amazia] da athelia . Amazia shine rashin ɗaya ko duka ƙwayoyin nono amma ƙwayoyin cuta sun kasance, kuma athelia shine rashin ɗaya daga cikin ƙwayoyin mama, amma ƙwayoyan nono ya kasance.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Borck G, de Vries L, Wu HJ, Smirin-Yosef P, Nürnberg G, Lagovsky I, Ishida LH, Thierry P, Wieczorek D, Nürnberg P, Foley J, Kubisch C, Basel-Vanagaite L |date=August 2014 |title=Homozygous truncating PTPRF mutation causes athelia |journal=Human Genetics |volume=133 |issue=8 |pages=1041–7 |doi=10.1007/s00439-014-1445-1 |pmid=24781087 |s2cid=2810158}}</ref> Amastia mai yiwuwa ne saboda gazawar embryologic (kafin haihuwa) ci gaban mamary ridge ko rashin cikawa. Mutanen da ke fama da amastia sau da yawa suna fama da lahani na ectodermal, wanda ya haɗa da cututtuka daban-daban kamar tsage baki, tsokoki na pectoral da kuma samar da makamai marasa kyau.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last1=vanc}}</ref> Magani ga amastia na mata musamman ya haɗa da jagorar tunani da sake gina nono.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Patil LG, Shivanna NH, Benakappa N, Ravindranath H, Bhat R |date=October 2013 |title=Congenital amastia |journal=Indian Journal of Pediatrics |volume=80 |issue=10 |pages=870–1 |doi=10.1007/s12098-012-0919-1 |pmid=23255076 |s2cid=44908103}}</ref> Saboda babu kwayar nono, shayarwa ba zai yiwu ba. Idan amastia kawai ya bayyana a gefe ɗaya, to yana yiwuwa a shayar da shi a gefe ɗaya. Sau da yawa, mutanen da ke fama da amastia suna yanke shawara game da magani. == Rarraba == Amastia na iya zama ko dai iatrogenic ko haihuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Patil LG, Shivanna NH, Benakappa N, Ravindranath H, Bhat R |date=October 2013 |title=Congenital amastia |journal=Indian Journal of Pediatrics |volume=80 |issue=10 |pages=870–1 |doi=10.1007/s12098-012-0919-1 |pmid=23255076 |s2cid=44908103}}</ref> An sake raba amastia na haihuwa zuwa nau'in syndromic da nau'in da ba na syndrome ba bi da bi. Kamar yadda ma'anar ta nuna, ana danganta amastia na syndrome da alamun bayyanar. Al'amarin da aka saba da shi shine hypoplasia na nama na ectodermal, kamar gashi da lahani na fata. A gefe guda, amastia wanda ba na ciwon daji ba, ba ya nuna lahani a sassan jiki ban da nono. Ana iya rarraba wannan nau'in amastia a cikin amastia guda ɗaya da na biyu. Ana iya bayyana amastia na gefe ɗaya a matsayin amastia wanda ya shafi gefe ɗaya na nono, yayin da nau'in biyu ke nufin amastia a bangarorin biyu na nono.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hatano A, Nagasao T, Sotome K, Shimizu Y, Kishi K |date=May 2012 |title=A case of congenital unilateral amastia |url=https://www.jprasurg.com/article/S1748-6815(11)00551-1/abstract |journal=Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery |language=en |volume=65 |issue=5 |pages=671–4 |doi=10.1016/j.bjps.2011.09.025 |pmid=22051444 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Amastia na gefe ɗaya ba ya zama ruwan dare fiye da amastia na biyu. Kusan dukkanin marasa lafiya na amastia wadanda ba na cutar sankara ba mata ne.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|last1=vanc}}</ref> == Alamomi da alamomi == Yawanci, marasa lafiya na amastia suna da maɓallin su da areola sun ɓace, kuma maɓallin na iya kasancewa a gefe ɗaya ko duka biyu na ƙirji. Rashin daidaituwa ba sau da yawa yana da alaƙa da nono ba. Koyaya, an lura da alamun bayyanar cututtuka irin su hypertelorism, hanci mai hawa, ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa da rashin aiki na tsoka, ɓangaren sama da ƙasa. Wani lokaci ana iya gano wasu mambobi da yawa na iyali a matsayin amastia a lokaci guda, dukansu suna dauke da maye gurbi a cikin kwayar cutar TBX3. Wannan maye gurbin na iya haifar da cututtuka daban-daban, ba kawai amastia ba, har ma da lalacewar gaɓoɓin da hakora.[1][2] Abubuwan da ke fama da amastia guda ɗaya ba su da yawa, kuma galibi ana danganta su da hypoplasia na babban tsoka da / ko kirji. Amastia na biyu ya fi yawa saboda sau da yawa ana danganta shi da wasu cututtuka daban-daban. Sabili da haka, alamun amastia na biyu suna da sauƙin ganewa.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hatano A, Nagasao T, Sotome K, Shimizu Y, Kishi K |date=May 2012 |title=A case of congenital unilateral amastia |url=https://www.jprasurg.com/article/S1748-6815(11)00551-1/abstract |journal=Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery |language=en |volume=65 |issue=5 |pages=671–4 |doi=10.1016/j.bjps.2011.09.025 |pmid=22051444 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> An lissafa cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da juna a ƙasa. Amastia, musamman idan yana da alaƙa da juna biyu, sau da yawa yana da alaƙar cututtuka daban-daban, gami da dysplasia na ectodermal da cutar Poland, wanda ke nunawa ta hanyar anomalies na mesoderm da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwa bi da bi.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Al Marzouqi F, Michot C, Dos Santos S, Bonnefont JP, Bodemer C, Hadj-Rabia S |date=September 2014 |title=Bilateral amastia in a female with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia |journal=The British Journal of Dermatology |volume=171 |issue=3 |pages=671–3 |doi=10.1111/bjd.13023 |pmid=24689965 |s2cid=37997710}}</ref> Sauran cututtukan, irin su FIG4 da ke da alaƙa da cutar Yunis Varon (MIM 216340), acro-der-mato-ungual-lacrimal-tooth (ADULT), TP63 da ke da alaka da cutar nono (MIM 603543), TBX3 da ke da nasaba da cutar ulnar (MIM 181450) da KCTD1 da ke da al'ada da cutar (MIM (181270) an kuma lura da su a asibiti.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Borck G, de Vries L, Wu HJ, Smirin-Yosef P, Nürnberg G, Lagovsky I, Ishida LH, Thierry P, Wieczorek D, Nürnberg P, Foley J, Kubisch C, Basel-Vanagaite L |date=August 2014 |title=Homozygous truncating PTPRF mutation causes athelia |journal=Human Genetics |volume=133 |issue=8 |pages=1041–7 |doi=10.1007/s00439-014-1445-1 |pmid=24781087 |s2cid=2810158}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ky2ecx7l4nyw65u648fdcxkg5umcd3r 863150 863149 2026-06-21T14:26:21Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Amastia''' yana nufin wani abu mai ban mamaki na asibiti wanda duka ƙwayoyin nono na ciki da maɓallin da ake gani ba su nan a gefe ɗaya ko duka biyu. Yana shafar maza da mata. Amastia na iya kasancewa a ware (kawai yanayin kiwon lafiya) ko kuma yana da alaƙa da wasu cututtuka, kamar ectodermal dysplasia, Syndactyly (Cutar Poland) da Ciwon sukari na lipoatrophic.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Patil LG, Shivanna NH, Benakappa N, Ravindranath H, Bhat R |date=October 2013 |title=Congenital amastia |journal=Indian Journal of Pediatrics |volume=80 |issue=10 |pages=870–1 |doi=10.1007/s12098-012-0919-1 |pmid=23255076 |s2cid=44908103}}</ref> Ana iya rarraba wannan rashin daidaituwa zuwa nau'o'i daban-daban, kuma kowannensu na iya haifar da cututtuka daban-daban.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Caouette-Laberge L, Borsuk D |date=February 2013 |title=Congenital anomalies of the breast |journal=Seminars in Plastic Surgery |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=36–41 |doi=10.1055/s-0033-1343995 |pmc=3706049 |pmid=24872738}}</ref> Amastia ya bambanta da [./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Amazia" id="mwFQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Amazia">amazia] da athelia . Amazia shine rashin ɗaya ko duka ƙwayoyin nono amma ƙwayoyin cuta sun kasance, kuma athelia shine rashin ɗaya daga cikin ƙwayoyin mama, amma ƙwayoyan nono ya kasance.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Borck G, de Vries L, Wu HJ, Smirin-Yosef P, Nürnberg G, Lagovsky I, Ishida LH, Thierry P, Wieczorek D, Nürnberg P, Foley J, Kubisch C, Basel-Vanagaite L |date=August 2014 |title=Homozygous truncating PTPRF mutation causes athelia |journal=Human Genetics |volume=133 |issue=8 |pages=1041–7 |doi=10.1007/s00439-014-1445-1 |pmid=24781087 |s2cid=2810158}}</ref> Amastia mai yiwuwa ne saboda gazawar embryologic (kafin haihuwa) ci gaban mamary ridge ko rashin cikawa. Mutanen da ke fama da amastia sau da yawa suna fama da lahani na ectodermal, wanda ya haɗa da cututtuka daban-daban kamar tsage baki, tsokoki na pectoral da kuma samar da makamai marasa kyau.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last1=vanc}}</ref> Magani ga amastia na mata musamman ya haɗa da jagorar tunani da sake gina nono.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Patil LG, Shivanna NH, Benakappa N, Ravindranath H, Bhat R |date=October 2013 |title=Congenital amastia |journal=Indian Journal of Pediatrics |volume=80 |issue=10 |pages=870–1 |doi=10.1007/s12098-012-0919-1 |pmid=23255076 |s2cid=44908103}}</ref> Saboda babu kwayar nono, shayarwa ba zai yiwu ba. Idan amastia kawai ya bayyana a gefe ɗaya, to yana yiwuwa a shayar da shi a gefe ɗaya. Sau da yawa, mutanen da ke fama da amastia suna yanke shawara game da magani. == Rarraba == Amastia na iya zama ko dai iatrogenic ko haihuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Patil LG, Shivanna NH, Benakappa N, Ravindranath H, Bhat R |date=October 2013 |title=Congenital amastia |journal=Indian Journal of Pediatrics |volume=80 |issue=10 |pages=870–1 |doi=10.1007/s12098-012-0919-1 |pmid=23255076 |s2cid=44908103}}</ref> An sake raba amastia na haihuwa zuwa nau'in syndromic da nau'in da ba na syndrome ba bi da bi. Kamar yadda ma'anar ta nuna, ana danganta amastia na syndrome da alamun bayyanar. Al'amarin da aka saba da shi shine hypoplasia na nama na ectodermal, kamar gashi da lahani na fata. A gefe guda, amastia wanda ba na ciwon daji ba, ba ya nuna lahani a sassan jiki ban da nono. Ana iya rarraba wannan nau'in amastia a cikin amastia guda ɗaya da na biyu. Ana iya bayyana amastia na gefe ɗaya a matsayin amastia wanda ya shafi gefe ɗaya na nono, yayin da nau'in biyu ke nufin amastia a bangarorin biyu na nono.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hatano A, Nagasao T, Sotome K, Shimizu Y, Kishi K |date=May 2012 |title=A case of congenital unilateral amastia |url=https://www.jprasurg.com/article/S1748-6815(11)00551-1/abstract |journal=Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery |language=en |volume=65 |issue=5 |pages=671–4 |doi=10.1016/j.bjps.2011.09.025 |pmid=22051444 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Amastia na gefe ɗaya ba ya zama ruwan dare fiye da amastia na biyu. Kusan dukkanin marasa lafiya na amastia wadanda ba na cutar sankara ba mata ne.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|last1=vanc}}</ref> == Alamomi da alamomi == Yawanci, marasa lafiya na amastia suna da maɓallin su da areola sun ɓace, kuma maɓallin na iya kasancewa a gefe ɗaya ko duka biyu na ƙirji. Rashin daidaituwa ba sau da yawa yana da alaƙa da nono ba. Koyaya, an lura da alamun bayyanar cututtuka irin su hypertelorism, hanci mai hawa, ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa da rashin aiki na tsoka, ɓangaren sama da ƙasa. Wani lokaci ana iya gano wasu mambobi da yawa na iyali a matsayin amastia a lokaci guda, dukansu suna dauke da maye gurbi a cikin kwayar cutar TBX3. Wannan maye gurbin na iya haifar da cututtuka daban-daban, ba kawai amastia ba, har ma da lalacewar gaɓoɓin da hakora.[1][2] Abubuwan da ke fama da amastia guda ɗaya ba su da yawa, kuma galibi ana danganta su da hypoplasia na babban tsoka da / ko kirji. Amastia na biyu ya fi yawa saboda sau da yawa ana danganta shi da wasu cututtuka daban-daban. Sabili da haka, alamun amastia na biyu suna da sauƙin ganewa.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hatano A, Nagasao T, Sotome K, Shimizu Y, Kishi K |date=May 2012 |title=A case of congenital unilateral amastia |url=https://www.jprasurg.com/article/S1748-6815(11)00551-1/abstract |journal=Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery |language=en |volume=65 |issue=5 |pages=671–4 |doi=10.1016/j.bjps.2011.09.025 |pmid=22051444 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> An lissafa cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da juna a ƙasa. Amastia, musamman idan yana da alaƙa da juna biyu, sau da yawa yana da alaƙar cututtuka daban-daban, gami da dysplasia na ectodermal da cutar Poland, wanda ke nunawa ta hanyar anomalies na mesoderm da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwa bi da bi.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Al Marzouqi F, Michot C, Dos Santos S, Bonnefont JP, Bodemer C, Hadj-Rabia S |date=September 2014 |title=Bilateral amastia in a female with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia |journal=The British Journal of Dermatology |volume=171 |issue=3 |pages=671–3 |doi=10.1111/bjd.13023 |pmid=24689965 |s2cid=37997710}}</ref> Sauran cututtukan, irin su FIG4 da ke da alaƙa da cutar Yunis Varon (MIM 216340), acro-der-mato-ungual-lacrimal-tooth (ADULT), TP63 da ke da alaka da cutar nono (MIM 603543), TBX3 da ke da nasaba da cutar ulnar (MIM 181450) da KCTD1 da ke da al'ada da cutar (MIM (181270) an kuma lura da su a asibiti.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Borck G, de Vries L, Wu HJ, Smirin-Yosef P, Nürnberg G, Lagovsky I, Ishida LH, Thierry P, Wieczorek D, Nürnberg P, Foley J, Kubisch C, Basel-Vanagaite L |date=August 2014 |title=Homozygous truncating PTPRF mutation causes athelia |journal=Human Genetics |volume=133 |issue=8 |pages=1041–7 |doi=10.1007/s00439-014-1445-1 |pmid=24781087 |s2cid=2810158}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lgue3cv78m52ipip999xtv7p56ngbne 0 159122 863151 2026-06-21T14:26:55Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1182032599|Amazia]]" 863151 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amazia''' tana nufin yanayin da ɗaya ko duka biyu daga cikin Ƙwayoyin nono ba su nan (ƙuƙwalwar da areola sun kasance). <ref name="pmid17576506">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ozsoy Z, Gozu A, Ozyigit MT, Genc B |year=2007 |title=Amazia with midface anomaly: case report |journal=Aesthetic Plast Surg |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=392–4 |doi=10.1007/s00266-006-0251-0 |pmid=17576506 |s2cid=377160}}</ref> Wannan na iya faruwa ko dai a cikin haihuwa ko Iatrogenically (yawanci sakamakon cirewar tiyata da / ko maganin radiation). Ana iya kula da Amazia tare da kayan nono. Amazia ya bambanta da amastia (cikakken rashin ƙwayoyin nono, maɗaukaki, da areola), kodayake yanayin biyu galibi (ba daidai ba) ana zaton sun kasance iri ɗaya. Kalmomin "amazia" da "amastia" ana amfani da su sau da yawa, duk da cewa yanayin biyu sun bambanta da likita. * Amastia * Athelia * Ƙananan Ƙasashe == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] geolaybrq9ln88qtp6iwqlzws66vumr 863152 863151 2026-06-21T14:29:15Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Amazia''' tana nufin yanayin da ɗaya ko duka biyu daga cikin Ƙwayoyin nono ba su nan (ƙuƙwalwar da areola sun kasance). <ref name="pmid17576506">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ozsoy Z, Gozu A, Ozyigit MT, Genc B |year=2007 |title=Amazia with midface anomaly: case report |journal=Aesthetic Plast Surg |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=392–4 |doi=10.1007/s00266-006-0251-0 |pmid=17576506 |s2cid=377160}}</ref> Wannan na iya faruwa ko dai a cikin haihuwa ko Iatrogenically (yawanci sakamakon cirewar tiyata da / ko maganin radiation). Ana iya kula da Amazia tare da kayan nono. Amazia ya bambanta da amastia (cikakken rashin ƙwayoyin nono, maɗaukaki, da areola), kodayake yanayin biyu galibi (ba daidai ba) ana zaton sun kasance iri ɗaya. Kalmomin "amazia" da "amastia" ana amfani da su sau da yawa, duk da cewa yanayin biyu sun bambanta da likita. * Amastia * Athelia * Ƙananan Ƙasashe == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] l0dwt3nj5sghczgamvbz4kmyc2c5954 0 159123 863153 2026-06-21T14:29:40Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1323016820|Micromastia]]" 863153 wikitext text/x-wiki Micromastia (wanda kuma ake kira '''hypomastia''', '''aplasia na [[nono]]''', hypoplasia na mama, ko hypoplasía na mama) kalma ce ta kiwon lafiya da ke kwatanta ci gaban bayan pubertal na ƙwayoyin nono na mace. Kamar yadda ba zai yiwu a ayyana girman nono 'na al'ada ba, babu ma'anar ma'anar micromastia. Ci gaban nono yawanci ba daidai ba ne kuma ɗaya ko duka ƙirji biyu na iya zama karami. Wannan yanayin na iya zama lahani na haihuwa wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙarancin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwa (kamar yadda yake a cikin Cutar Poland ), wanda ke da alaka da rauni (yawanci tiyata ko radiotherapy) ko kuma yana iya zama bayanin da ya fi dacewa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Poland |first=Alfred |date=1841 |title=Deficiency of the pectoral muscles |journal=Guy's Hospital Reports |volume=VI |pages=191–193}}</ref> Micromastia da aka fahimta da kansa ya haɗa da bambanci tsakanin hoton jikin mutum, da hotunan da suka dace ko kuma masu kyau na girman nono da siffar. Ka'idodin zamantakewa game da girman nono sun bambanta a tsawon lokaci, amma akwai ra'ayoyi da yawa da suka shafi nono da kyawawan jima'i da kuma ainihi a cikin al'adu daban-daban. == Dalilan da suka haifar == Micromastia na iya zama cuta ta haihuwa ko ta samu kuma tana iya zama ɗaya ko biyu.[1] Abubuwan da ke haifar da haihuwa sun haɗa da Ciwon ulnar-mammary (wanda ya haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayar halitta ta TBX3), ciwon Poland, Ciwon Turner, da kuma hyperplasia na adrenal.[1] Har ila yau, akwai rahoton shari'ar hypoplasia na iyali na maɗaukaki da athelia da ke da alaƙa da hypoplasía na mama wanda aka bayyana a cikin uba da 'ya'yansa mata.[1] Abubuwan da suka samo asali na micromastia sun haɗa da radiation a jariri da ƙuruciya da kuma cirewar tiyata na prepubertal breast bud.[1] == Magani == Hanyar magance micromastia ita ce fadada nono, mafi yawanci haɓaka mammoplasty ta amfani da kayan aikin nono. Sauran dabarun da ake samu sun haɗa da amfani da dabarun tiyata na sake fasalin tsoka (latissimus dorsi da rectus abdominis tsokoki), sake fasalin microsurgical, ko kuma mai. Wani magani mai yuwuwa shine haɓaka nono na hormonal, kamar tare da estrogen. <ref name="pmid9610425">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hartmann BW, Laml T, Kirchengast S, Albrecht AE, Huber JC |year=1998 |title=Hormonal breast augmentation: prognostic relevance of insulin-like growth factor-I |journal=Gynecol. Endocrinol. |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=123–7 |doi=10.3109/09513599809024960 |pmid=9610425}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Amastia - Rashin nono da maƙarƙashiya * Amazia - Rashin glandar nono * Breast atrophy - Rashin nono * Breast reconstruction - Gyaran nono * Tuberous breasts == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] r61fmgizf61rti0ghaf7e51elh1qd8n 863154 863153 2026-06-21T14:30:01Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Micromastia (wanda kuma ake kira '''hypomastia''', '''aplasia na [[nono]]''', hypoplasia na mama, ko hypoplasía na mama) kalma ce ta kiwon lafiya da ke kwatanta ci gaban bayan pubertal na ƙwayoyin nono na mace. Kamar yadda ba zai yiwu a ayyana girman nono 'na al'ada ba, babu ma'anar ma'anar micromastia. Ci gaban nono yawanci ba daidai ba ne kuma ɗaya ko duka ƙirji biyu na iya zama karami. Wannan yanayin na iya zama lahani na haihuwa wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙarancin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwa (kamar yadda yake a cikin Cutar Poland ), wanda ke da alaka da rauni (yawanci tiyata ko radiotherapy) ko kuma yana iya zama bayanin da ya fi dacewa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Poland |first=Alfred |date=1841 |title=Deficiency of the pectoral muscles |journal=Guy's Hospital Reports |volume=VI |pages=191–193}}</ref> Micromastia da aka fahimta da kansa ya haɗa da bambanci tsakanin hoton jikin mutum, da hotunan da suka dace ko kuma masu kyau na girman nono da siffar. Ka'idodin zamantakewa game da girman nono sun bambanta a tsawon lokaci, amma akwai ra'ayoyi da yawa da suka shafi nono da kyawawan jima'i da kuma ainihi a cikin al'adu daban-daban. == Dalilan da suka haifar == Micromastia na iya zama cuta ta haihuwa ko ta samu kuma tana iya zama ɗaya ko biyu.[1] Abubuwan da ke haifar da haihuwa sun haɗa da Ciwon ulnar-mammary (wanda ya haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayar halitta ta TBX3), ciwon Poland, Ciwon Turner, da kuma hyperplasia na adrenal.[1] Har ila yau, akwai rahoton shari'ar hypoplasia na iyali na maɗaukaki da athelia da ke da alaƙa da hypoplasía na mama wanda aka bayyana a cikin uba da 'ya'yansa mata.[1] Abubuwan da suka samo asali na micromastia sun haɗa da radiation a jariri da ƙuruciya da kuma cirewar tiyata na prepubertal breast bud.[1] == Magani == Hanyar magance micromastia ita ce fadada nono, mafi yawanci haɓaka mammoplasty ta amfani da kayan aikin nono. Sauran dabarun da ake samu sun haɗa da amfani da dabarun tiyata na sake fasalin tsoka (latissimus dorsi da rectus abdominis tsokoki), sake fasalin microsurgical, ko kuma mai. Wani magani mai yuwuwa shine haɓaka nono na hormonal, kamar tare da estrogen. <ref name="pmid9610425">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hartmann BW, Laml T, Kirchengast S, Albrecht AE, Huber JC |year=1998 |title=Hormonal breast augmentation: prognostic relevance of insulin-like growth factor-I |journal=Gynecol. Endocrinol. |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=123–7 |doi=10.3109/09513599809024960 |pmid=9610425}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Amastia - Rashin nono da maƙarƙashiya * Amazia - Rashin glandar nono * Breast atrophy - Rashin nono * Breast reconstruction - Gyaran nono * Tuberous breasts == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gka525eu92uprrv09g8rp2944p1o3g8 0 159124 863155 2026-06-21T14:30:15Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343612897|Symmastia]]" 863155 wikitext text/x-wiki Symmastia wani yanayi ne da aka bayyana a matsayin haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin nono na [[Nono|ƙirji]] biyu a fadin tsagewar intermammary wanda ke raba su. Likitan filastik na iya gyara shi ta hanyar tiyata ta hanyar sake dubawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wong |first=M. T. |last2=Cheong |first2=E. C. |last3=Lim |first3=J. |last4=Lim |first4=T. C. |year=2007 |title=Creation of an intermammary sulcus in congenital synmastia |url=http://www.sma.org.sg/smj/4801/4801cr9.pdf |journal=Singapore Medical Journal |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=e29–e31 |pmid=17245502}}</ref> Symmastia na iya zama ko dai anomaly na haihuwa ko iatrogenic.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sillesen |first=Nanna H. |last2=Hölmich |first2=Lisbeth R. |last3=Siersen |first3=Hans E. |last4=Bonde |first4=Christian |date=December 2012 |title=Congenital symmastia revisited |journal=Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery |volume=65 |issue=12 |pages=1607–1613 |doi=10.1016/j.bjps.2012.08.008 |pmid=23026472}}</ref> Symmastia na haihuwa yanayi ne mai ban sha'awa tare da ƙananan lokuta da aka buga. Iatrogenic symmastia na iya faruwa bayan karuwar nono, samar da abin da ake kira "uniboob" ko "breadloafing" sakamakon sakin fata da tsoka a kusa da sternum saboda over-dissection.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Symmastia (a.k.a. 'breadloafing' or 'uniboob') |url=http://www.justbreastimplants.com/risks/symmastia.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021019002049/http://www.justbreastimplants.com/risks/symmastia.htm |archive-date=19 October 2002 |website=Just Breast Implants}}</ref> == Alamomi == Alamomin symmastia sun haɗa da bayyanar nono mai kama da gashin kansa, rashin rarrabuwa, da kuma rata mai ganuwa tsakanin nono. Baya ga waɗannan alamun jiki, marasa lafiya tare da symmastia na iya fuskantar rashin jin daɗi ko ciwo a yankin da abin ya shafa. Wannan shi ne saboda yanayin na iya sanya matsin lamba a kan ƙwayoyin da jijiyoyi, yana haifar da fushi da kumburi.<ref name="PRS 2006">{{Cite journal |last=Tebbetts |first=John B. |last2=Adams |first2=William P. |date=December 2006 |title=Five Critical Decisions in Breast Augmentation Using Five Measurements in 5 Minutes: The High Five Decision Support Process |journal=[[Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery]] |language=en |volume=118 |issue=Supplement |pages=35S–45S |doi=10.1097/01.prs.0000191163.19379.63 |issn=0032-1052}}</ref> A lokuta masu tsanani, symmastia na iya haifar da wahalar numfashi ko wasu matsalolin numfashi. Binciken alama yawanci ya haɗa da gwajin jiki ta ƙwararren likitan filastik. A lokacin wannan jarrabawar, likitan zai nemi alamun fata da lalacewar nama tsakanin ƙirji, da kuma duk wani abu da zai iya taimakawa ga yanayin.<ref name="PRS 2006">{{Cite journal |last=Tebbetts |first=John B. |last2=Adams |first2=William P. |date=December 2006 |title=Five Critical Decisions in Breast Augmentation Using Five Measurements in 5 Minutes: The High Five Decision Support Process |journal=[[Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery]] |language=en |volume=118 |issue=Supplement |pages=35S–45S |doi=10.1097/01.prs.0000191163.19379.63 |issn=0032-1052}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFTebbettsAdams2006">Tebbetts, John B.; Adams, William P. (December 2006). "Five Critical Decisions in Breast Augmentation Using Five Measurements in 5 Minutes: The High Five Decision Support Process". ''[[Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery]]''. '''118''' (Supplement): <span class="nowrap">35S–</span>45S. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000191163.19379.63|10.1097/01.prs.0000191163.19379.63]]. [[ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0032-1052 0032-1052].</cite></ref> A wasu lokuta, ana iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje na hoto kamar MRI ko CT scans don samun cikakken ra'ayi game da yankin da abin ya shafa. == Dalilan da suka haifar == Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke haifar da symmastia shine hanyar tiyata mara kyau. Dangane da binciken da aka buga a cikin Aesthetic Surgery Journal, rashin isasshen dissection na aljihun implant na iya haifar da motsi na tsakiya na implants, wanda ke haifar da symmastia.[1] Hakazalika, rarrabawar aljihu na iya raunana ƙwayoyin nono na tsakiya kuma ya haifar da ƙaura zuwa tsakiyar layi, wanda ke haifar da symmastia.[2] Girman implant da sanyawa suma mahimman abubuwa ne waɗanda zasu iya ba da gudummawa ga symmastia. Manyan implants suna da haɗari mafi girma na haifar da symmastia saboda karuwar nauyin su da girma. Bugu da ƙari, sanyawa na subglandular na implants (sama da tsoka) an haɗa shi da mafi girman abin da ya faru na symmastia idan aka kwatanta da sanyawa na subsmuscular. Ingancin ƙwayoyin cuta wani abu ne wanda zai iya shafar ci gaban symmastia. Marasa lafiya tare da ƙwayoyin nono masu rauni ko marasa ƙarfi suna cikin haɗarin haɓaka symmastia saboda ƙarancin ikon su na tallafawa implants. Hakazalika, marasa lafiya da aka yi wa tiyata ta nono a baya na iya lalata ingancin nama, yana ƙara haɗarin su na symmastia. Abubuwan da ke tattare da haƙuri kamar kwayoyin halitta da halayyar jiki na iya taka rawa a ci gaban symmastia. Marasa lafiya tare da fadi ko kunkuntar bango na kirji na iya kasancewa da ci gaba da symmastia saboda jikin su. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qpnlaipereqcwy5iltzm8fm4hn62d7n 863156 863155 2026-06-21T14:30:42Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Symmastia wani yanayi ne da aka bayyana a matsayin haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin nono na [[Nono|ƙirji]] biyu a fadin tsagewar intermammary wanda ke raba su. Likitan filastik na iya gyara shi ta hanyar tiyata ta hanyar sake dubawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wong |first=M. T. |last2=Cheong |first2=E. C. |last3=Lim |first3=J. |last4=Lim |first4=T. C. |year=2007 |title=Creation of an intermammary sulcus in congenital synmastia |url=http://www.sma.org.sg/smj/4801/4801cr9.pdf |journal=Singapore Medical Journal |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=e29–e31 |pmid=17245502}}</ref> Symmastia na iya zama ko dai anomaly na haihuwa ko iatrogenic.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sillesen |first=Nanna H. |last2=Hölmich |first2=Lisbeth R. |last3=Siersen |first3=Hans E. |last4=Bonde |first4=Christian |date=December 2012 |title=Congenital symmastia revisited |journal=Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery |volume=65 |issue=12 |pages=1607–1613 |doi=10.1016/j.bjps.2012.08.008 |pmid=23026472}}</ref> Symmastia na haihuwa yanayi ne mai ban sha'awa tare da ƙananan lokuta da aka buga. Iatrogenic symmastia na iya faruwa bayan karuwar nono, samar da abin da ake kira "uniboob" ko "breadloafing" sakamakon sakin fata da tsoka a kusa da sternum saboda over-dissection.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Symmastia (a.k.a. 'breadloafing' or 'uniboob') |url=http://www.justbreastimplants.com/risks/symmastia.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021019002049/http://www.justbreastimplants.com/risks/symmastia.htm |archive-date=19 October 2002 |website=Just Breast Implants}}</ref> == Alamomi == Alamomin symmastia sun haɗa da bayyanar nono mai kama da gashin kansa, rashin rarrabuwa, da kuma rata mai ganuwa tsakanin nono. Baya ga waɗannan alamun jiki, marasa lafiya tare da symmastia na iya fuskantar rashin jin daɗi ko ciwo a yankin da abin ya shafa. Wannan shi ne saboda yanayin na iya sanya matsin lamba a kan ƙwayoyin da jijiyoyi, yana haifar da fushi da kumburi.<ref name="PRS 2006">{{Cite journal |last=Tebbetts |first=John B. |last2=Adams |first2=William P. |date=December 2006 |title=Five Critical Decisions in Breast Augmentation Using Five Measurements in 5 Minutes: The High Five Decision Support Process |journal=[[Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery]] |language=en |volume=118 |issue=Supplement |pages=35S–45S |doi=10.1097/01.prs.0000191163.19379.63 |issn=0032-1052}}</ref> A lokuta masu tsanani, symmastia na iya haifar da wahalar numfashi ko wasu matsalolin numfashi. Binciken alama yawanci ya haɗa da gwajin jiki ta ƙwararren likitan filastik. A lokacin wannan jarrabawar, likitan zai nemi alamun fata da lalacewar nama tsakanin ƙirji, da kuma duk wani abu da zai iya taimakawa ga yanayin.<ref name="PRS 2006">{{Cite journal |last=Tebbetts |first=John B. |last2=Adams |first2=William P. |date=December 2006 |title=Five Critical Decisions in Breast Augmentation Using Five Measurements in 5 Minutes: The High Five Decision Support Process |journal=[[Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery]] |language=en |volume=118 |issue=Supplement |pages=35S–45S |doi=10.1097/01.prs.0000191163.19379.63 |issn=0032-1052}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFTebbettsAdams2006">Tebbetts, John B.; Adams, William P. (December 2006). "Five Critical Decisions in Breast Augmentation Using Five Measurements in 5 Minutes: The High Five Decision Support Process". ''[[Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery]]''. '''118''' (Supplement): <span class="nowrap">35S–</span>45S. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000191163.19379.63|10.1097/01.prs.0000191163.19379.63]]. [[ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0032-1052 0032-1052].</cite></ref> A wasu lokuta, ana iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje na hoto kamar MRI ko CT scans don samun cikakken ra'ayi game da yankin da abin ya shafa. == Dalilan da suka haifar == Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke haifar da symmastia shine hanyar tiyata mara kyau. Dangane da binciken da aka buga a cikin Aesthetic Surgery Journal, rashin isasshen dissection na aljihun implant na iya haifar da motsi na tsakiya na implants, wanda ke haifar da symmastia.[1] Hakazalika, rarrabawar aljihu na iya raunana ƙwayoyin nono na tsakiya kuma ya haifar da ƙaura zuwa tsakiyar layi, wanda ke haifar da symmastia.[2] Girman implant da sanyawa suma mahimman abubuwa ne waɗanda zasu iya ba da gudummawa ga symmastia. Manyan implants suna da haɗari mafi girma na haifar da symmastia saboda karuwar nauyin su da girma. Bugu da ƙari, sanyawa na subglandular na implants (sama da tsoka) an haɗa shi da mafi girman abin da ya faru na symmastia idan aka kwatanta da sanyawa na subsmuscular. Ingancin ƙwayoyin cuta wani abu ne wanda zai iya shafar ci gaban symmastia. Marasa lafiya tare da ƙwayoyin nono masu rauni ko marasa ƙarfi suna cikin haɗarin haɓaka symmastia saboda ƙarancin ikon su na tallafawa implants. Hakazalika, marasa lafiya da aka yi wa tiyata ta nono a baya na iya lalata ingancin nama, yana ƙara haɗarin su na symmastia. Abubuwan da ke tattare da haƙuri kamar kwayoyin halitta da halayyar jiki na iya taka rawa a ci gaban symmastia. Marasa lafiya tare da fadi ko kunkuntar bango na kirji na iya kasancewa da ci gaba da symmastia saboda jikin su. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dpbcky044yfxwj5mq04pskr7fz6rcns 0 159125 863248 2026-06-21T15:24:21Z Abdurra'uf 23412 sabon muqala 863248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen''' == Manazarta == cbwg6kaajeshgqxgx4e81ar8go3ql9x 863253 863248 2026-06-21T15:25:40Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Manazarta == 3g8zc9en84tfkq1djyauxke3511kfsg 863254 863253 2026-06-21T15:26:02Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863254 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Manazarta == d14cxwj9kfwwsi0odbsj02ipfzgh7yc 863256 863254 2026-06-21T15:26:39Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == == Manazarta == rl37lba17dsfj64kua7qrhn2nq0bc5e 863258 863256 2026-06-21T15:27:31Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. == Manazarta == q3fhp2knni3teq1clbjil7voaib5xnf 863262 863258 2026-06-21T15:29:44Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. == Manazarta == 8u20jdk9pdosfmkp6dkmygz3tbnuq1z 863264 863262 2026-06-21T15:30:45Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863264 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. = Kididdigar sana'a == == Manazarta == 36lbrkga0g6gmmbok52tmtg63jj127s 863266 863264 2026-06-21T15:31:08Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863266 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. == Kididdigar sana'a == == Manazarta == eng6tjrywa8ukbgwjq5dxptj7zpnik6 863274 863266 2026-06-21T15:34:08Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. == Kididdigar sana'a == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !rowspan="2"|Division !colspan="2"|League !colspan="2"|Cup !colspan="2"|Europe !colspan="2"|Total |- !wasanni!!kwallaye!!wasanni!!kwallaye!!kwallaye!!kwallaye!!wasanni!!kwallaye |- |rowspan="8"|[[FC Honka|Honka]] |[[2002 Ykkönen|2002]] |[[Ykkönen]] |5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||5||0 |- |[[2003 Ykkönen|2003]] |Ykkönen |11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||11||0 |- |[[2004 Ykkönen|2004]] |Ykkönen |16||5||0||0||colspan="2"|–||16||5 |- |[[2005 Ykkönen|2005]] |Ykkönen |22||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||22||0 |- |[[2006 Veikkausliiga|2006]] |[[Veikkausliiga]] |21||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||21||0 |- |[[2007 Veikkausliiga|2007]] |Veikkausliiga |16||2||0||0||3{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]|name=ui}}||0||19||2 |- |[[2008 Veikkausliiga|2008]] |Veikkausliiga |10||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !101!!7!!0!!0!!3!!0!!170!!10 |- |rowspan="5" valign="center"|[[Helsingborgs IF|Helsingborg]] |[[2008 in Swedish football|2008]] |[[Allsvenskan]] |17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|–||19||1 |- |[[2009 in Swedish football|2009]] |Allsvenskan |12||0||0||0||2{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=uel}}||0||14||0 |- |[[2010 in Swedish football|2010]] |Allsvenskan |11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||12||0 |- |[[2011 in Swedish football|2011]] |Allsvenskan |6||1||1||0||1{{efn|name=uel}}||0||8||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !46!!2!!4!!0!!3!!0!!53!!2 |- |rowspan="6" valign="center"|[[Sogndal Fotball|Sogndal]] |[[2012 in Norwegian football|2012]] |[[Tippeligaen]] |28||2||0||0||colspan="2"|–||28||2 |- |[[2013 in Norwegian football|2013]] |Tippeligaen |24||1||4||0||colspan="2"|–||28||1 |- |[[2014 Tippeligaen|2014]] |Tippeligaen |22||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||24||0 |- |[[2015 Norwegian First Division|2015]] |[[Norwegian First Division|1. divisjon]] |25||4||0||0||colspan="2"|–||25||4 |- |[[2016 Tippeligaen|2016]] |Tippeligaen |22||1||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !121!!8!!5!!0!!0!!0!!126!!8 |- |rowspan="3"|[[HJK Helsinki]] |[[2017 Veikkausliiga|2017]] |Veikkausliiga |15||3||4||0||3{{efn|name=uel}}||0||22||3 |- |[[2018 Veikkausliiga|2018]] |Veikkausliiga |20||1||2||1||5{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=ucel}}||0||27||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !35!!4!!6!!1!!8!!0!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="4"|[[HIFK Fotboll|HIFK]] |[[2019 Veikkausliiga|2019]] |Veikkausliiga |22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||0 |- |[[2020 Veikkausliiga|2020]] |Veikkausliiga |17||1||3||0||colspan="2"|–||20||1 |- |[[2021 Veikkausliiga|2021]] |Veikkausliiga |1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||3||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!1!!6!!0!!–!!–!!46!!1 |- !colspan="3"|Career Total !167!!10!!23!!1!!6!!0!!196!!11 |} {{notelist}} == Manazarta == 3j2m4plfu06fne34u9qkyp3bj00xmrr 863276 863274 2026-06-21T15:34:43Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863276 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. == Kididdigar sana'a == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !rowspan="2"|Division !colspan="2"|League !colspan="2"|Cup !colspan="2"|Europe !colspan="2"|Total |- !wasanni!!kwallaye!!wasanni!!kwallaye!!kwallaye!!kwallaye!!wasanni!!kwallaye |- |rowspan="8"|[[FC Honka|Honka]] |[[2002 Ykkönen|2002]] |[[Ykkönen]] |5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||5||0 |- |[[2003 Ykkönen|2003]] |Ykkönen |11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||11||0 |- |[[2004 Ykkönen|2004]] |Ykkönen |16||5||0||0||colspan="2"|–||16||5 |- |[[2005 Ykkönen|2005]] |Ykkönen |22||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||22||0 |- |[[2006 Veikkausliiga|2006]] |[[Veikkausliiga]] |21||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||21||0 |- |[[2007 Veikkausliiga|2007]] |Veikkausliiga |16||2||0||0||3{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]|name=ui}}||0||19||2 |- |[[2008 Veikkausliiga|2008]] |Veikkausliiga |10||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !101!!7!!0!!0!!3!!0!!170!!10 |- |rowspan="5" valign="center"|[[Helsingborgs IF|Helsingborg]] |[[2008 in Swedish football|2008]] |[[Allsvenskan]] |17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|–||19||1 |- |[[2009 in Swedish football|2009]] |Allsvenskan |12||0||0||0||2{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=uel}}||0||14||0 |- |[[2010 in Swedish football|2010]] |Allsvenskan |11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||12||0 |- |[[2011 in Swedish football|2011]] |Allsvenskan |6||1||1||0||1{{efn|name=uel}}||0||8||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !46!!2!!4!!0!!3!!0!!53!!2 |- |rowspan="6" valign="center"|[[Sogndal Fotball|Sogndal]] |[[2012 in Norwegian football|2012]] |[[Tippeligaen]] |28||2||0||0||colspan="2"|–||28||2 |- |[[2013 in Norwegian football|2013]] |Tippeligaen |24||1||4||0||colspan="2"|–||28||1 |- |[[2014 Tippeligaen|2014]] |Tippeligaen |22||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||24||0 |- |[[2015 Norwegian First Division|2015]] |[[Norwegian First Division|1. divisjon]] |25||4||0||0||colspan="2"|–||25||4 |- |[[2016 Tippeligaen|2016]] |Tippeligaen |22||1||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !121!!8!!5!!0!!0!!0!!126!!8 |- |rowspan="3"|[[HJK Helsinki]] |[[2017 Veikkausliiga|2017]] |Veikkausliiga |15||3||4||0||3{{efn|name=uel}}||0||22||3 |- |[[2018 Veikkausliiga|2018]] |Veikkausliiga |20||1||2||1||5{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=ucel}}||0||27||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !35!!4!!6!!1!!8!!0!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="4"|[[HIFK Fotboll|HIFK]] |[[2019 Veikkausliiga|2019]] |Veikkausliiga |22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||0 |- |[[2020 Veikkausliiga|2020]] |Veikkausliiga |17||1||3||0||colspan="2"|–||20||1 |- |[[2021 Veikkausliiga|2021]] |Veikkausliiga |1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||3||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!1!!6!!0!!–!!–!!46!!1 |- !colspan="3"|Career Total !167!!10!!23!!1!!6!!0!!196!!11 |} == Manazarta == slzaxqlxgxhw67qw0buu37el4jnzxs0 863277 863276 2026-06-21T15:35:10Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. == Kididdigar sana'a == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !rowspan="2"|Division !colspan="2"|League !colspan="2"|Cup !colspan="2"|Europe !colspan="2"|Total |- !Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan="8"|[[FC Honka|Honka]] |[[2002 Ykkönen|2002]] |[[Ykkönen]] |5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||5||0 |- |[[2003 Ykkönen|2003]] |Ykkönen |11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||11||0 |- |[[2004 Ykkönen|2004]] |Ykkönen |16||5||0||0||colspan="2"|–||16||5 |- |[[2005 Ykkönen|2005]] |Ykkönen |22||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||22||0 |- |[[2006 Veikkausliiga|2006]] |[[Veikkausliiga]] |21||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||21||0 |- |[[2007 Veikkausliiga|2007]] |Veikkausliiga |16||2||0||0||3{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]|name=ui}}||0||19||2 |- |[[2008 Veikkausliiga|2008]] |Veikkausliiga |10||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !101!!7!!0!!0!!3!!0!!170!!10 |- |rowspan="5" valign="center"|[[Helsingborgs IF|Helsingborg]] |[[2008 in Swedish football|2008]] |[[Allsvenskan]] |17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|–||19||1 |- |[[2009 in Swedish football|2009]] |Allsvenskan |12||0||0||0||2{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=uel}}||0||14||0 |- |[[2010 in Swedish football|2010]] |Allsvenskan |11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||12||0 |- |[[2011 in Swedish football|2011]] |Allsvenskan |6||1||1||0||1{{efn|name=uel}}||0||8||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !46!!2!!4!!0!!3!!0!!53!!2 |- |rowspan="6" valign="center"|[[Sogndal Fotball|Sogndal]] |[[2012 in Norwegian football|2012]] |[[Tippeligaen]] |28||2||0||0||colspan="2"|–||28||2 |- |[[2013 in Norwegian football|2013]] |Tippeligaen |24||1||4||0||colspan="2"|–||28||1 |- |[[2014 Tippeligaen|2014]] |Tippeligaen |22||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||24||0 |- |[[2015 Norwegian First Division|2015]] |[[Norwegian First Division|1. divisjon]] |25||4||0||0||colspan="2"|–||25||4 |- |[[2016 Tippeligaen|2016]] |Tippeligaen |22||1||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !121!!8!!5!!0!!0!!0!!126!!8 |- |rowspan="3"|[[HJK Helsinki]] |[[2017 Veikkausliiga|2017]] |Veikkausliiga |15||3||4||0||3{{efn|name=uel}}||0||22||3 |- |[[2018 Veikkausliiga|2018]] |Veikkausliiga |20||1||2||1||5{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=ucel}}||0||27||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !35!!4!!6!!1!!8!!0!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="4"|[[HIFK Fotboll|HIFK]] |[[2019 Veikkausliiga|2019]] |Veikkausliiga |22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||0 |- |[[2020 Veikkausliiga|2020]] |Veikkausliiga |17||1||3||0||colspan="2"|–||20||1 |- |[[2021 Veikkausliiga|2021]] |Veikkausliiga |1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||3||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!1!!6!!0!!–!!–!!46!!1 |- !colspan="3"|Career Total !167!!10!!23!!1!!6!!0!!196!!11 |} {{notelist}} == Manazarta == i2izj0p4aedjxm95z1osx8i95ojvuei 863280 863277 2026-06-21T15:36:36Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863280 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. == Kididdigar sana'a == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !rowspan="2"|Division !colspan="2"|League !colspan="2"|Cup !colspan="2"|Europe !colspan="2"|Total |- !Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan="8"|[[FC Honka|Honka]] |[[2002 Ykkönen|2002]] |[[Ykkönen]] |5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||5||0 |- |[[2003 Ykkönen|2003]] |Ykkönen |11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||11||0 |- |[[2004 Ykkönen|2004]] |Ykkönen |16||5||0||0||colspan="2"|–||16||5 |- |[[2005 Ykkönen|2005]] |Ykkönen |22||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||22||0 |- |[[2006 Veikkausliiga|2006]] |[[Veikkausliiga]] |21||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||21||0 |- |[[2007 Veikkausliiga|2007]] |Veikkausliiga |16||2||0||0||3{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]|name=ui}}||0||19||2 |- |[[2008 Veikkausliiga|2008]] |Veikkausliiga |10||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !101!!7!!0!!0!!3!!0!!170!!10 |- |rowspan="5" valign="center"|[[Helsingborgs IF|Helsingborg]] |[[2008 in Swedish football|2008]] |[[Allsvenskan]] |17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|–||19||1 |- |[[2009 in Swedish football|2009]] |Allsvenskan |12||0||0||0||2{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=uel}}||0||14||0 |- |[[2010 in Swedish football|2010]] |Allsvenskan |11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||12||0 |- |[[2011 in Swedish football|2011]] |Allsvenskan |6||1||1||0||1{{efn|name=uel}}||0||8||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !46!!2!!4!!0!!3!!0!!53!!2 |- |rowspan="6" valign="center"|[[Sogndal Fotball|Sogndal]] |[[2012 in Norwegian football|2012]] |[[Tippeligaen]] |28||2||0||0||colspan="2"|–||28||2 |- |[[2013 in Norwegian football|2013]] |Tippeligaen |24||1||4||0||colspan="2"|–||28||1 |- |[[2014 Tippeligaen|2014]] |Tippeligaen |22||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||24||0 |- |[[2015 Norwegian First Division|2015]] |[[Norwegian First Division|1. divisjon]] |25||4||0||0||colspan="2"|–||25||4 |- |[[2016 Tippeligaen|2016]] |Tippeligaen |22||1||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !121!!8!!5!!0!!0!!0!!126!!8 |- |rowspan="3"|[[HJK Helsinki]] |[[2017 Veikkausliiga|2017]] |Veikkausliiga |15||3||4||0||3{{efn|name=uel}}||0||22||3 |- |[[2018 Veikkausliiga|2018]] |Veikkausliiga |20||1||2||1||5{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=ucel}}||0||27||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !35!!4!!6!!1!!8!!0!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="4"|[[HIFK Fotboll|HIFK]] |[[2019 Veikkausliiga|2019]] |Veikkausliiga |22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||0 |- |[[2020 Veikkausliiga|2020]] |Veikkausliiga |17||1||3||0||colspan="2"|–||20||1 |- |[[2021 Veikkausliiga|2021]] |Veikkausliiga |1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||3||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!1!!6!!0!!–!!–!!46!!1 |- !colspan="3"|Career Total !167!!10!!23!!1!!6!!0!!196!!11 |} {{notelist}} *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA_Intertoto_Cup == Manazarta == 72q2ami23q57g1thq8m9bsxpo6xcmbp 863282 863280 2026-06-21T15:37:33Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863282 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. == Kididdigar sana'a == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !rowspan="2"|Division !colspan="2"|League !colspan="2"|Cup !colspan="2"|Europe !colspan="2"|Total |- !Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan="8"|[[FC Honka|Honka]] |[[2002 Ykkönen|2002]] |[[Ykkönen]] |5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||5||0 |- |[[2003 Ykkönen|2003]] |Ykkönen |11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||11||0 |- |[[2004 Ykkönen|2004]] |Ykkönen |16||5||0||0||colspan="2"|–||16||5 |- |[[2005 Ykkönen|2005]] |Ykkönen |22||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||22||0 |- |[[2006 Veikkausliiga|2006]] |[[Veikkausliiga]] |21||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||21||0 |- |[[2007 Veikkausliiga|2007]] |Veikkausliiga |16||2||0||0||3{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]|name=ui}}||0||19||2 |- |[[2008 Veikkausliiga|2008]] |Veikkausliiga |10||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !101!!7!!0!!0!!3!!0!!170!!10 |- |rowspan="5" valign="center"|[[Helsingborgs IF|Helsingborg]] |[[2008 in Swedish football|2008]] |[[Allsvenskan]] |17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|–||19||1 |- |[[2009 in Swedish football|2009]] |Allsvenskan |12||0||0||0||2{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=uel}}||0||14||0 |- |[[2010 in Swedish football|2010]] |Allsvenskan |11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||12||0 |- |[[2011 in Swedish football|2011]] |Allsvenskan |6||1||1||0||1{{efn|name=uel}}||0||8||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !46!!2!!4!!0!!3!!0!!53!!2 |- |rowspan="6" valign="center"|[[Sogndal Fotball|Sogndal]] |[[2012 in Norwegian football|2012]] |[[Tippeligaen]] |28||2||0||0||colspan="2"|–||28||2 |- |[[2013 in Norwegian football|2013]] |Tippeligaen |24||1||4||0||colspan="2"|–||28||1 |- |[[2014 Tippeligaen|2014]] |Tippeligaen |22||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||24||0 |- |[[2015 Norwegian First Division|2015]] |[[Norwegian First Division|1. divisjon]] |25||4||0||0||colspan="2"|–||25||4 |- |[[2016 Tippeligaen|2016]] |Tippeligaen |22||1||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !121!!8!!5!!0!!0!!0!!126!!8 |- |rowspan="3"|[[HJK Helsinki]] |[[2017 Veikkausliiga|2017]] |Veikkausliiga |15||3||4||0||3{{efn|name=uel}}||0||22||3 |- |[[2018 Veikkausliiga|2018]] |Veikkausliiga |20||1||2||1||5{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=ucel}}||0||27||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !35!!4!!6!!1!!8!!0!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="4"|[[HIFK Fotboll|HIFK]] |[[2019 Veikkausliiga|2019]] |Veikkausliiga |22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||0 |- |[[2020 Veikkausliiga|2020]] |Veikkausliiga |17||1||3||0||colspan="2"|–||20||1 |- |[[2021 Veikkausliiga|2021]] |Veikkausliiga |1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||3||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!1!!6!!0!!–!!–!!46!!1 |- !colspan="3"|Career Total !167!!10!!23!!1!!6!!0!!196!!11 |} {{notelist}} *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA_Intertoto_Cup == Daraja== == Manazarta == 6jb5rn17hyo9s437eha7kj1xu705fcx 863288 863282 2026-06-21T15:41:14Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. == Kididdigar sana'a == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !rowspan="2"|Division !colspan="2"|League !colspan="2"|Cup !colspan="2"|Europe !colspan="2"|Total |- !Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan="8"|[[FC Honka|Honka]] |[[2002 Ykkönen|2002]] |[[Ykkönen]] |5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||5||0 |- |[[2003 Ykkönen|2003]] |Ykkönen |11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||11||0 |- |[[2004 Ykkönen|2004]] |Ykkönen |16||5||0||0||colspan="2"|–||16||5 |- |[[2005 Ykkönen|2005]] |Ykkönen |22||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||22||0 |- |[[2006 Veikkausliiga|2006]] |[[Veikkausliiga]] |21||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||21||0 |- |[[2007 Veikkausliiga|2007]] |Veikkausliiga |16||2||0||0||3{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]|name=ui}}||0||19||2 |- |[[2008 Veikkausliiga|2008]] |Veikkausliiga |10||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !101!!7!!0!!0!!3!!0!!170!!10 |- |rowspan="5" valign="center"|[[Helsingborgs IF|Helsingborg]] |[[2008 in Swedish football|2008]] |[[Allsvenskan]] |17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|–||19||1 |- |[[2009 in Swedish football|2009]] |Allsvenskan |12||0||0||0||2{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=uel}}||0||14||0 |- |[[2010 in Swedish football|2010]] |Allsvenskan |11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||12||0 |- |[[2011 in Swedish football|2011]] |Allsvenskan |6||1||1||0||1{{efn|name=uel}}||0||8||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !46!!2!!4!!0!!3!!0!!53!!2 |- |rowspan="6" valign="center"|[[Sogndal Fotball|Sogndal]] |[[2012 in Norwegian football|2012]] |[[Tippeligaen]] |28||2||0||0||colspan="2"|–||28||2 |- |[[2013 in Norwegian football|2013]] |Tippeligaen |24||1||4||0||colspan="2"|–||28||1 |- |[[2014 Tippeligaen|2014]] |Tippeligaen |22||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||24||0 |- |[[2015 Norwegian First Division|2015]] |[[Norwegian First Division|1. divisjon]] |25||4||0||0||colspan="2"|–||25||4 |- |[[2016 Tippeligaen|2016]] |Tippeligaen |22||1||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !121!!8!!5!!0!!0!!0!!126!!8 |- |rowspan="3"|[[HJK Helsinki]] |[[2017 Veikkausliiga|2017]] |Veikkausliiga |15||3||4||0||3{{efn|name=uel}}||0||22||3 |- |[[2018 Veikkausliiga|2018]] |Veikkausliiga |20||1||2||1||5{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=ucel}}||0||27||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !35!!4!!6!!1!!8!!0!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="4"|[[HIFK Fotboll|HIFK]] |[[2019 Veikkausliiga|2019]] |Veikkausliiga |22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||0 |- |[[2020 Veikkausliiga|2020]] |Veikkausliiga |17||1||3||0||colspan="2"|–||20||1 |- |[[2021 Veikkausliiga|2021]] |Veikkausliiga |1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||3||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!1!!6!!0!!–!!–!!46!!1 |- !colspan="3"|Career Total !167!!10!!23!!1!!6!!0!!196!!11 |} {{notelist}} *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA_Intertoto_Cup == Daraja== *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veikkausliiga == Manazarta == nrw8xrq1z2e8dp6f0l113ruaq1d3toe 863289 863288 2026-06-21T15:41:47Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. == Kididdigar sana'a == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !rowspan="2"|Division !colspan="2"|League !colspan="2"|Cup !colspan="2"|Europe !colspan="2"|Total |- !Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan="8"|[[FC Honka|Honka]] |[[2002 Ykkönen|2002]] |[[Ykkönen]] |5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||5||0 |- |[[2003 Ykkönen|2003]] |Ykkönen |11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||11||0 |- |[[2004 Ykkönen|2004]] |Ykkönen |16||5||0||0||colspan="2"|–||16||5 |- |[[2005 Ykkönen|2005]] |Ykkönen |22||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||22||0 |- |[[2006 Veikkausliiga|2006]] |[[Veikkausliiga]] |21||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||21||0 |- |[[2007 Veikkausliiga|2007]] |Veikkausliiga |16||2||0||0||3{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]|name=ui}}||0||19||2 |- |[[2008 Veikkausliiga|2008]] |Veikkausliiga |10||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !101!!7!!0!!0!!3!!0!!170!!10 |- |rowspan="5" valign="center"|[[Helsingborgs IF|Helsingborg]] |[[2008 in Swedish football|2008]] |[[Allsvenskan]] |17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|–||19||1 |- |[[2009 in Swedish football|2009]] |Allsvenskan |12||0||0||0||2{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=uel}}||0||14||0 |- |[[2010 in Swedish football|2010]] |Allsvenskan |11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||12||0 |- |[[2011 in Swedish football|2011]] |Allsvenskan |6||1||1||0||1{{efn|name=uel}}||0||8||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !46!!2!!4!!0!!3!!0!!53!!2 |- |rowspan="6" valign="center"|[[Sogndal Fotball|Sogndal]] |[[2012 in Norwegian football|2012]] |[[Tippeligaen]] |28||2||0||0||colspan="2"|–||28||2 |- |[[2013 in Norwegian football|2013]] |Tippeligaen |24||1||4||0||colspan="2"|–||28||1 |- |[[2014 Tippeligaen|2014]] |Tippeligaen |22||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||24||0 |- |[[2015 Norwegian First Division|2015]] |[[Norwegian First Division|1. divisjon]] |25||4||0||0||colspan="2"|–||25||4 |- |[[2016 Tippeligaen|2016]] |Tippeligaen |22||1||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !121!!8!!5!!0!!0!!0!!126!!8 |- |rowspan="3"|[[HJK Helsinki]] |[[2017 Veikkausliiga|2017]] |Veikkausliiga |15||3||4||0||3{{efn|name=uel}}||0||22||3 |- |[[2018 Veikkausliiga|2018]] |Veikkausliiga |20||1||2||1||5{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=ucel}}||0||27||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !35!!4!!6!!1!!8!!0!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="4"|[[HIFK Fotboll|HIFK]] |[[2019 Veikkausliiga|2019]] |Veikkausliiga |22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||0 |- |[[2020 Veikkausliiga|2020]] |Veikkausliiga |17||1||3||0||colspan="2"|–||20||1 |- |[[2021 Veikkausliiga|2021]] |Veikkausliiga |1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||3||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!1!!6!!0!!–!!–!!46!!1 |- !colspan="3"|Career Total !167!!10!!23!!1!!6!!0!!196!!11 |} {{notelist}} *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA_Intertoto_Cup == Daraja== *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veikkausliiga == Manazarta == ktav4wrph5n4e2sgxm80wquqkztgyxr 863292 863289 2026-06-21T15:42:45Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. == Kididdigar sana'a == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !rowspan="2"|Division !colspan="2"|League !colspan="2"|Cup !colspan="2"|Europe !colspan="2"|Total |- !Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan="8"|[[FC Honka|Honka]] |[[2002 Ykkönen|2002]] |[[Ykkönen]] |5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||5||0 |- |[[2003 Ykkönen|2003]] |Ykkönen |11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||11||0 |- |[[2004 Ykkönen|2004]] |Ykkönen |16||5||0||0||colspan="2"|–||16||5 |- |[[2005 Ykkönen|2005]] |Ykkönen |22||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||22||0 |- |[[2006 Veikkausliiga|2006]] |[[Veikkausliiga]] |21||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||21||0 |- |[[2007 Veikkausliiga|2007]] |Veikkausliiga |16||2||0||0||3{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]|name=ui}}||0||19||2 |- |[[2008 Veikkausliiga|2008]] |Veikkausliiga |10||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !101!!7!!0!!0!!3!!0!!170!!10 |- |rowspan="5" valign="center"|[[Helsingborgs IF|Helsingborg]] |[[2008 in Swedish football|2008]] |[[Allsvenskan]] |17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|–||19||1 |- |[[2009 in Swedish football|2009]] |Allsvenskan |12||0||0||0||2{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=uel}}||0||14||0 |- |[[2010 in Swedish football|2010]] |Allsvenskan |11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||12||0 |- |[[2011 in Swedish football|2011]] |Allsvenskan |6||1||1||0||1{{efn|name=uel}}||0||8||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !46!!2!!4!!0!!3!!0!!53!!2 |- |rowspan="6" valign="center"|[[Sogndal Fotball|Sogndal]] |[[2012 in Norwegian football|2012]] |[[Tippeligaen]] |28||2||0||0||colspan="2"|–||28||2 |- |[[2013 in Norwegian football|2013]] |Tippeligaen |24||1||4||0||colspan="2"|–||28||1 |- |[[2014 Tippeligaen|2014]] |Tippeligaen |22||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||24||0 |- |[[2015 Norwegian First Division|2015]] |[[Norwegian First Division|1. divisjon]] |25||4||0||0||colspan="2"|–||25||4 |- |[[2016 Tippeligaen|2016]] |Tippeligaen |22||1||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !121!!8!!5!!0!!0!!0!!126!!8 |- |rowspan="3"|[[HJK Helsinki]] |[[2017 Veikkausliiga|2017]] |Veikkausliiga |15||3||4||0||3{{efn|name=uel}}||0||22||3 |- |[[2018 Veikkausliiga|2018]] |Veikkausliiga |20||1||2||1||5{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=ucel}}||0||27||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !35!!4!!6!!1!!8!!0!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="4"|[[HIFK Fotboll|HIFK]] |[[2019 Veikkausliiga|2019]] |Veikkausliiga |22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||0 |- |[[2020 Veikkausliiga|2020]] |Veikkausliiga |17||1||3||0||colspan="2"|–||20||1 |- |[[2021 Veikkausliiga|2021]] |Veikkausliiga |1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||3||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!1!!6!!0!!–!!–!!46!!1 |- !colspan="3"|Career Total !167!!10!!23!!1!!6!!0!!196!!11 |} {{notelist}} *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA_Intertoto_Cup == Daraja== *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veikkausliiga == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje== == Manazarta == nm0s28mbqeqwnof84fw83rp4xon0s7l 863294 863292 2026-06-21T15:43:54Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863294 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland. == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018. == Kididdigar sana'a == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !rowspan="2"|Division !colspan="2"|League !colspan="2"|Cup !colspan="2"|Europe !colspan="2"|Total |- !Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan="8"|[[FC Honka|Honka]] |[[2002 Ykkönen|2002]] |[[Ykkönen]] |5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||5||0 |- |[[2003 Ykkönen|2003]] |Ykkönen |11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||11||0 |- |[[2004 Ykkönen|2004]] |Ykkönen |16||5||0||0||colspan="2"|–||16||5 |- |[[2005 Ykkönen|2005]] |Ykkönen |22||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||22||0 |- |[[2006 Veikkausliiga|2006]] |[[Veikkausliiga]] |21||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||21||0 |- |[[2007 Veikkausliiga|2007]] |Veikkausliiga |16||2||0||0||3{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]|name=ui}}||0||19||2 |- |[[2008 Veikkausliiga|2008]] |Veikkausliiga |10||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !101!!7!!0!!0!!3!!0!!170!!10 |- |rowspan="5" valign="center"|[[Helsingborgs IF|Helsingborg]] |[[2008 in Swedish football|2008]] |[[Allsvenskan]] |17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|–||19||1 |- |[[2009 in Swedish football|2009]] |Allsvenskan |12||0||0||0||2{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=uel}}||0||14||0 |- |[[2010 in Swedish football|2010]] |Allsvenskan |11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||12||0 |- |[[2011 in Swedish football|2011]] |Allsvenskan |6||1||1||0||1{{efn|name=uel}}||0||8||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !46!!2!!4!!0!!3!!0!!53!!2 |- |rowspan="6" valign="center"|[[Sogndal Fotball|Sogndal]] |[[2012 in Norwegian football|2012]] |[[Tippeligaen]] |28||2||0||0||colspan="2"|–||28||2 |- |[[2013 in Norwegian football|2013]] |Tippeligaen |24||1||4||0||colspan="2"|–||28||1 |- |[[2014 Tippeligaen|2014]] |Tippeligaen |22||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||24||0 |- |[[2015 Norwegian First Division|2015]] |[[Norwegian First Division|1. divisjon]] |25||4||0||0||colspan="2"|–||25||4 |- |[[2016 Tippeligaen|2016]] |Tippeligaen |22||1||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !121!!8!!5!!0!!0!!0!!126!!8 |- |rowspan="3"|[[HJK Helsinki]] |[[2017 Veikkausliiga|2017]] |Veikkausliiga |15||3||4||0||3{{efn|name=uel}}||0||22||3 |- |[[2018 Veikkausliiga|2018]] |Veikkausliiga |20||1||2||1||5{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=ucel}}||0||27||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !35!!4!!6!!1!!8!!0!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="4"|[[HIFK Fotboll|HIFK]] |[[2019 Veikkausliiga|2019]] |Veikkausliiga |22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||0 |- |[[2020 Veikkausliiga|2020]] |Veikkausliiga |17||1||3||0||colspan="2"|–||20||1 |- |[[2021 Veikkausliiga|2021]] |Veikkausliiga |1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||3||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!1!!6!!0!!–!!–!!46!!1 |- !colspan="3"|Career Total !167!!10!!23!!1!!6!!0!!196!!11 |} {{notelist}} *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA_Intertoto_Cup == Daraja== *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veikkausliiga == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Commons category-inline}} * {{Soccerway|hannu-patronen/8383}} * {{NFT player|22712}} * {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111229145647/http://hif.se/Player.aspx?playerID=f57602e0-50e1-45f4-8fb1-f27cf68d8117 |date=29 December 2011 |title=hif.se}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Patronen, Hannu}} [[Category:1984 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Sportspeople from Järvenpää]] [[Category:Finnish men's footballers]] [[Category:21st-century Finnish sportsmen]] [[Category:Finland men's international footballers]] [[Category:FC Honka players]] [[Category:Helsingborgs IF players]] [[Category:Sogndal Fotball players]] [[Category:Helsingin Jalkapalloklubi players]] [[Category:HIFK Fotboll players]] [[Category:Allsvenskan players]] [[Category:Norwegian First Division players]] [[Category:Eliteserien players]] [[Category:Finnish expatriate men's footballers]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Sweden]] [[Category:Finnish expatriate sportspeople in Sweden]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Norway]] [[Category:Finnish expatriate sportspeople in Norway]] [[Category:Men's association football defenders]] [[Category:Footballers from Uusimaa]] [[Category:Finnish football coaches]] [[Category:Ykkönen players]] {{Finland-footy-defender-stub}} == Manazarta == ggluwwquo5465kojfi3kwwzhc2fc7eg 863296 863294 2026-06-21T15:45:33Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863296 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hannu Patronen'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannu_Patronen</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1984) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Finland kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya buga wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya na tsakiya. Ya taɓa buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsaron gida, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da ƙungiyar FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland, Helsingborgs IF ta ƙasar Sweden da kuma ƙungiyar Sogndal Fotball ta ƙasar Norway. An yi wa Patronen wasa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa a ƙasar Finland.<ref>https://www.vantaansanomat.fi/urheilu/5895727</ref> == Sana'a == Ya buga wasanni 47 a ƙungiyarsa ta FC Honka ta ƙasar Finland kafin ya amince ya koma ƙungiyar Allsvenskan ta Helsingborgs IF a ranar 12 ga Yuli 2008. Patronen ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru 3.5 da 'yan Sweden kan kuɗin canja wuri na €322,500. Patronen ya fara bugawa Helsingborg wasa a ranar 15 ga Yuli 2008 a gida da AIK kuma ya buga wasa na mintuna 90, lokacin da sabuwar ƙungiyarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1.<ref>https://www.is.fi/jalkapallo/art-2000000005844.html</ref> Bayan ya buga wasanni 44 tare da zura kwallaye biyu a Allsvenskan tare da Helsingborg, kungiyar Tippeligaen ta kasar Norway Sogndal ta sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Even Hovland, wanda ya koma kungiyar Molde mai rike da kambun Tippeligaen. Ba da daɗewa ba Patronen ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tsaron tsakiyar Sogndal, kuma ya buga wasanni 54 kuma ya zura kwallaye biyu a Tippeligaen a kakar wasa biyu ta farko da ya yi da kungiyar. Bayan kwantiraginsa na shekaru biyu ya kare, ya sanya hannu kan tsawaita shekara daya da Sogndal, wanda hakan ya sa ya ci gaba da zama a kungiyar har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2014.<ref>https://hifkfotboll.fi/2018/12/hannu-patronen-ja-hifk-sopimukseen/</ref> Patronen ya sanya hannu kan Helsinki IFK akan 27 Disamba 2018.<ref>https://www.paivanlehti.fi/jalkapallolehdiston-tahdistojoukkue-valittiin-kups-sai-hopeaa-ilves-pronssia-ja-lahtikin-paasee-europeleihin/</ref> == Kididdigar sana'a == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !rowspan="2"|Division !colspan="2"|League !colspan="2"|Cup !colspan="2"|Europe !colspan="2"|Total |- !Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |rowspan="8"|[[FC Honka|Honka]] |[[2002 Ykkönen|2002]] |[[Ykkönen]] |5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||5||0 |- |[[2003 Ykkönen|2003]] |Ykkönen |11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||11||0 |- |[[2004 Ykkönen|2004]] |Ykkönen |16||5||0||0||colspan="2"|–||16||5 |- |[[2005 Ykkönen|2005]] |Ykkönen |22||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||22||0 |- |[[2006 Veikkausliiga|2006]] |[[Veikkausliiga]] |21||0||0||0||colspan="2"|–||21||0 |- |[[2007 Veikkausliiga|2007]] |Veikkausliiga |16||2||0||0||3{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]|name=ui}}||0||19||2 |- |[[2008 Veikkausliiga|2008]] |Veikkausliiga |10||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !101!!7!!0!!0!!3!!0!!170!!10 |- |rowspan="5" valign="center"|[[Helsingborgs IF|Helsingborg]] |[[2008 in Swedish football|2008]] |[[Allsvenskan]] |17||1||2||0||colspan="2"|–||19||1 |- |[[2009 in Swedish football|2009]] |Allsvenskan |12||0||0||0||2{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=uel}}||0||14||0 |- |[[2010 in Swedish football|2010]] |Allsvenskan |11||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||12||0 |- |[[2011 in Swedish football|2011]] |Allsvenskan |6||1||1||0||1{{efn|name=uel}}||0||8||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !46!!2!!4!!0!!3!!0!!53!!2 |- |rowspan="6" valign="center"|[[Sogndal Fotball|Sogndal]] |[[2012 in Norwegian football|2012]] |[[Tippeligaen]] |28||2||0||0||colspan="2"|–||28||2 |- |[[2013 in Norwegian football|2013]] |Tippeligaen |24||1||4||0||colspan="2"|–||28||1 |- |[[2014 Tippeligaen|2014]] |Tippeligaen |22||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||24||0 |- |[[2015 Norwegian First Division|2015]] |[[Norwegian First Division|1. divisjon]] |25||4||0||0||colspan="2"|–||25||4 |- |[[2016 Tippeligaen|2016]] |Tippeligaen |22||1||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !121!!8!!5!!0!!0!!0!!126!!8 |- |rowspan="3"|[[HJK Helsinki]] |[[2017 Veikkausliiga|2017]] |Veikkausliiga |15||3||4||0||3{{efn|name=uel}}||0||22||3 |- |[[2018 Veikkausliiga|2018]] |Veikkausliiga |20||1||2||1||5{{efn|Includes [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=ucel}}||0||27||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !35!!4!!6!!1!!8!!0!!49!!5 |- |rowspan="4"|[[HIFK Fotboll|HIFK]] |[[2019 Veikkausliiga|2019]] |Veikkausliiga |22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|–||23||0 |- |[[2020 Veikkausliiga|2020]] |Veikkausliiga |17||1||3||0||colspan="2"|–||20||1 |- |[[2021 Veikkausliiga|2021]] |Veikkausliiga |1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|–||3||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!1!!6!!0!!–!!–!!46!!1 |- !colspan="3"|Career Total !167!!10!!23!!1!!6!!0!!196!!11 |} {{notelist}} *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA_Intertoto_Cup == Daraja== *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veikkausliiga == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Commons category-inline}} * {{Soccerway|hannu-patronen/8383}} * {{NFT player|22712}} * {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111229145647/http://hif.se/Player.aspx?playerID=f57602e0-50e1-45f4-8fb1-f27cf68d8117 |date=29 December 2011 |title=hif.se}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Patronen, Hannu}} [[Category:1984 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Sportspeople from Järvenpää]] [[Category:Finnish men's footballers]] [[Category:21st-century Finnish sportsmen]] [[Category:Finland men's international footballers]] [[Category:FC Honka players]] [[Category:Helsingborgs IF players]] [[Category:Sogndal Fotball players]] [[Category:Helsingin Jalkapalloklubi players]] [[Category:HIFK Fotboll players]] [[Category:Allsvenskan players]] [[Category:Norwegian First Division players]] [[Category:Eliteserien players]] [[Category:Finnish expatriate men's footballers]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Sweden]] [[Category:Finnish expatriate sportspeople in Sweden]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Norway]] [[Category:Finnish expatriate sportspeople in Norway]] [[Category:Men's association football defenders]] [[Category:Footballers from Uusimaa]] [[Category:Finnish football coaches]] [[Category:Ykkönen players]] {{Finland-footy-defender-stub}} == Manazarta == 9fm68k21uw1qsiqsnfn6somitd968ku 0 159126 863302 2026-06-21T15:49:37Z Abdurra'uf 23412 sabon muqala 863302 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100''' == Manazarta == 9090br4sx69l7w3gp3j430pah250ix7 863303 863302 2026-06-21T15:50:16Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863303 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100''' (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland. == Manazarta == mnrhujbbn78b5qb4dguolqhpowsv67k 863305 863303 2026-06-21T15:50:48Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863305 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland. == Manazarta == kph82i46xrhd3szi2hjrmy6zhzm3vrz 863306 863305 2026-06-21T15:51:25Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863306 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street == Manazarta == n4ol74zwdkfcj6rufix633qrb8agfoh 863309 863306 2026-06-21T15:52:07Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863309 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland. An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Manazarta == 8it1xe9p4qmdpotx5ecsx4v2tyxqw86 863311 863309 2026-06-21T15:54:00Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863311 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland. An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == == Manazarta == 8r46lggwbimfo55anb89hrgrarszo8z 863312 863311 2026-06-21T15:54:45Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863312 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland. An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. == Tarihi == == Manazarta == fcfd95gyle0u6fxxm6lzvk0t66p2kfv 863313 863312 2026-06-21T15:55:49Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863313 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. == Tarihi == == Manazarta == fwh9vgf7xh4qe4mb0j7ikxv1ogeqx17 863314 863313 2026-06-21T15:57:17Z Abdurra'uf 23412 gyara 863314 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. == Manazarta == luc7faji8je5z3q4ehnd8u8dxepjd39 863315 863314 2026-06-21T15:58:00Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863315 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. Gina sabuwar hasumiya mai tasowa ya fuskanci ƙalubale a karon farko shekaru arba'in, inda aka yi wa matsayi mafi tsayi na "hasumiya mafi tsayi" tun bayan kammala ginin tsohon ginin Baltimore Trust Company na 1929, (wanda daga baya ya durƙushe jim kaɗan bayan kammala shi bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta Great Wall Street a watan Oktoban 1929), sannan ya ɗauki wasu sunaye da dama kafin ya ɗauki taken Bankin Ƙasa na Maryland na tsohon B.T.C. da aka sake tsarawa, a shekarun 1960s nan ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban kamfanin banki a jihar. == Manazarta == sqoadbaujw8lua955vdwqexmh95ey4g 863316 863315 2026-06-21T15:58:49Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. Gina sabuwar hasumiya mai tasowa ya fuskanci ƙalubale a karon farko shekaru arba'in, inda aka yi wa matsayi mafi tsayi na "hasumiya mafi tsayi" tun bayan kammala ginin tsohon ginin Baltimore Trust Company na 1929, (wanda daga baya ya durƙushe jim kaɗan bayan kammala shi bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta Great Wall Street a watan Oktoban 1929), sannan ya ɗauki wasu sunaye da dama kafin ya ɗauki taken Bankin Ƙasa na Maryland na tsohon B.T.C. da aka sake tsarawa, a shekarun 1960s nan ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban kamfanin banki a jihar. Kamfanin USF&G ya gina hasumiyar mai hawa 35, inda ya sayar da ita lokacin da Kamfanin St. Paul ya saya, wanda yanzu wani bangare ne na Kamfanin The Travelers Companies. Duk da canje-canjen masu shi da sunaye, tsohon ginin USF&G ya kasance mafi tsayi a Baltimore, gini mafi tsayi a Maryland, da kuma gini mafi tsayi tsakanin Philadelphia da Raleigh bayan kammala ginin RBC Plaza a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma tsohon gidan Legg Mason ne na masu ba da shawara kan harkokin zuba jari da harkokin kudi bayan ya bar tsohon hedikwatarsa ​​a Harborplace Office Tower. Daga baya Legg Mason ya koma wani sabon hedikwata a gefen gabashin tsakiyar gari a Harbor East. == Manazarta == s7keb22f3h564jdehjrw0r84b6mztze 863317 863316 2026-06-21T15:59:43Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863317 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. Gina sabuwar hasumiya mai tasowa ya fuskanci ƙalubale a karon farko shekaru arba'in, inda aka yi wa matsayi mafi tsayi na "hasumiya mafi tsayi" tun bayan kammala ginin tsohon ginin Baltimore Trust Company na 1929, (wanda daga baya ya durƙushe jim kaɗan bayan kammala shi bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta Great Wall Street a watan Oktoban 1929), sannan ya ɗauki wasu sunaye da dama kafin ya ɗauki taken Bankin Ƙasa na Maryland na tsohon B.T.C. da aka sake tsarawa, a shekarun 1960s nan ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban kamfanin banki a jihar. Kamfanin USF&G ya gina hasumiyar mai hawa 35, inda ya sayar da ita lokacin da Kamfanin St. Paul ya saya, wanda yanzu wani bangare ne na Kamfanin The Travelers Companies. Duk da canje-canjen masu shi da sunaye, tsohon ginin USF&G ya kasance mafi tsayi a Baltimore, gini mafi tsayi a Maryland, da kuma gini mafi tsayi tsakanin Philadelphia da Raleigh bayan kammala ginin RBC Plaza a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma tsohon gidan Legg Mason ne na masu ba da shawara kan harkokin zuba jari da harkokin kudi bayan ya bar tsohon hedikwatarsa ​​a Harborplace Office Tower. Daga baya Legg Mason ya koma wani sabon hedikwata a gefen gabashin tsakiyar gari a Harbor East. An sake sanya wa ginin suna Transamerica Tower a watan Nuwamba na 2011 lokacin da Transamerica ta zama mafi girman mai haya ginin, inda ta ƙaura daga tsohon hedikwatarta da aka sani a ƙasa baki ɗaya a San Francisco, babban abin tarihi na Transamerica Pyramid wanda ke bayyana a tambarin kamfanin a saman ginin. An sake sayar da ginin a farkon shekarar 2015. == Manazarta == b5cptxpafk6fsuthc86cc7rdrhebxk7 863319 863317 2026-06-21T16:00:26Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863319 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. Gina sabuwar hasumiya mai tasowa ya fuskanci ƙalubale a karon farko shekaru arba'in, inda aka yi wa matsayi mafi tsayi na "hasumiya mafi tsayi" tun bayan kammala ginin tsohon ginin Baltimore Trust Company na 1929, (wanda daga baya ya durƙushe jim kaɗan bayan kammala shi bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta Great Wall Street a watan Oktoban 1929), sannan ya ɗauki wasu sunaye da dama kafin ya ɗauki taken Bankin Ƙasa na Maryland na tsohon B.T.C. da aka sake tsarawa, a shekarun 1960s nan ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban kamfanin banki a jihar. Kamfanin USF&G ya gina hasumiyar mai hawa 35, inda ya sayar da ita lokacin da Kamfanin St. Paul ya saya, wanda yanzu wani bangare ne na Kamfanin The Travelers Companies. Duk da canje-canjen masu shi da sunaye, tsohon ginin USF&G ya kasance mafi tsayi a Baltimore, gini mafi tsayi a Maryland, da kuma gini mafi tsayi tsakanin Philadelphia da Raleigh bayan kammala ginin RBC Plaza a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma tsohon gidan Legg Mason ne na masu ba da shawara kan harkokin zuba jari da harkokin kudi bayan ya bar tsohon hedikwatarsa ​​a Harborplace Office Tower. Daga baya Legg Mason ya koma wani sabon hedikwata a gefen gabashin tsakiyar gari a Harbor East. An sake sanya wa ginin suna Transamerica Tower a watan Nuwamba na 2011 lokacin da Transamerica ta zama mafi girman mai haya ginin, inda ta ƙaura daga tsohon hedikwatarta da aka sani a ƙasa baki ɗaya a San Francisco, babban abin tarihi na Transamerica Pyramid wanda ke bayyana a tambarin kamfanin a saman ginin. An sake sayar da ginin a farkon shekarar 2015. A watan Fabrairun 2023, Transamerica ta rage girman ginin ta bar shi, inda ta kawo ƙarshen hayar gidansu ta kuma rasa haƙƙin sanya masa suna. Yayin da wasu 'yan Baltimore har yanzu suna kiran ginin da "Hasumiyar Transamerica", an cire sunan Transamerica daga ginin, kuma Transamerica ta koma wani ƙaramin wuri a Wills Wharf a Harbor Point. Bayan haka, an mayar da sunan ginin zuwa adireshinsa. == Manazarta == g57nrg32jj8lccm76jpg67vdbz9ooal 863320 863319 2026-06-21T16:01:06Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863320 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. Gina sabuwar hasumiya mai tasowa ya fuskanci ƙalubale a karon farko shekaru arba'in, inda aka yi wa matsayi mafi tsayi na "hasumiya mafi tsayi" tun bayan kammala ginin tsohon ginin Baltimore Trust Company na 1929, (wanda daga baya ya durƙushe jim kaɗan bayan kammala shi bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta Great Wall Street a watan Oktoban 1929), sannan ya ɗauki wasu sunaye da dama kafin ya ɗauki taken Bankin Ƙasa na Maryland na tsohon B.T.C. da aka sake tsarawa, a shekarun 1960s nan ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban kamfanin banki a jihar. Kamfanin USF&G ya gina hasumiyar mai hawa 35, inda ya sayar da ita lokacin da Kamfanin St. Paul ya saya, wanda yanzu wani bangare ne na Kamfanin The Travelers Companies. Duk da canje-canjen masu shi da sunaye, tsohon ginin USF&G ya kasance mafi tsayi a Baltimore, gini mafi tsayi a Maryland, da kuma gini mafi tsayi tsakanin Philadelphia da Raleigh bayan kammala ginin RBC Plaza a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma tsohon gidan Legg Mason ne na masu ba da shawara kan harkokin zuba jari da harkokin kudi bayan ya bar tsohon hedikwatarsa ​​a Harborplace Office Tower. Daga baya Legg Mason ya koma wani sabon hedikwata a gefen gabashin tsakiyar gari a Harbor East. An sake sanya wa ginin suna Transamerica Tower a watan Nuwamba na 2011 lokacin da Transamerica ta zama mafi girman mai haya ginin, inda ta ƙaura daga tsohon hedikwatarta da aka sani a ƙasa baki ɗaya a San Francisco, babban abin tarihi na Transamerica Pyramid wanda ke bayyana a tambarin kamfanin a saman ginin. An sake sayar da ginin a farkon shekarar 2015. A watan Fabrairun 2023, Transamerica ta rage girman ginin ta bar shi, inda ta kawo ƙarshen hayar gidansu ta kuma rasa haƙƙin sanya masa suna. Yayin da wasu 'yan Baltimore har yanzu suna kiran ginin da "Hasumiyar Transamerica", an cire sunan Transamerica daga ginin, kuma Transamerica ta koma wani ƙaramin wuri a Wills Wharf a Harbor Point. Bayan haka, an mayar da sunan ginin zuwa adireshinsa. == Masu zama da canje-canjen mallaka == == Manazarta == 159wk9lb5y1htbtdtvd77o3zdxtivt8 863323 863320 2026-06-21T16:02:00Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. Gina sabuwar hasumiya mai tasowa ya fuskanci ƙalubale a karon farko shekaru arba'in, inda aka yi wa matsayi mafi tsayi na "hasumiya mafi tsayi" tun bayan kammala ginin tsohon ginin Baltimore Trust Company na 1929, (wanda daga baya ya durƙushe jim kaɗan bayan kammala shi bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta Great Wall Street a watan Oktoban 1929), sannan ya ɗauki wasu sunaye da dama kafin ya ɗauki taken Bankin Ƙasa na Maryland na tsohon B.T.C. da aka sake tsarawa, a shekarun 1960s nan ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban kamfanin banki a jihar. Kamfanin USF&G ya gina hasumiyar mai hawa 35, inda ya sayar da ita lokacin da Kamfanin St. Paul ya saya, wanda yanzu wani bangare ne na Kamfanin The Travelers Companies. Duk da canje-canjen masu shi da sunaye, tsohon ginin USF&G ya kasance mafi tsayi a Baltimore, gini mafi tsayi a Maryland, da kuma gini mafi tsayi tsakanin Philadelphia da Raleigh bayan kammala ginin RBC Plaza a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma tsohon gidan Legg Mason ne na masu ba da shawara kan harkokin zuba jari da harkokin kudi bayan ya bar tsohon hedikwatarsa ​​a Harborplace Office Tower. Daga baya Legg Mason ya koma wani sabon hedikwata a gefen gabashin tsakiyar gari a Harbor East. An sake sanya wa ginin suna Transamerica Tower a watan Nuwamba na 2011 lokacin da Transamerica ta zama mafi girman mai haya ginin, inda ta ƙaura daga tsohon hedikwatarta da aka sani a ƙasa baki ɗaya a San Francisco, babban abin tarihi na Transamerica Pyramid wanda ke bayyana a tambarin kamfanin a saman ginin. An sake sayar da ginin a farkon shekarar 2015. A watan Fabrairun 2023, Transamerica ta rage girman ginin ta bar shi, inda ta kawo ƙarshen hayar gidansu ta kuma rasa haƙƙin sanya masa suna. Yayin da wasu 'yan Baltimore har yanzu suna kiran ginin da "Hasumiyar Transamerica", an cire sunan Transamerica daga ginin, kuma Transamerica ta koma wani ƙaramin wuri a Wills Wharf a Harbor Point. Bayan haka, an mayar da sunan ginin zuwa adireshinsa. == Masu zama da canje-canjen mallaka == USF&G ta ci gaba da zama a ginin har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990. Babban mazaunin ginin shine manajan kadarori Legg Mason, Inc., har zuwa 2009. A watan Fabrairun 2007, Legg Mason ya sanar da cewa zai koma wani sabon gini mai hawa sama a yankin gabashin gabar tekun Harbor, wani mataki da aka kammala a lokacin bazara na 2009. Ya zuwa shekarar 2010, alamar "Legg Mason" ba ta sake kasancewa a saman ginin Pratt da Light Streets ba. == Manazarta == 8j1yd73cdpkr3juefbjqzqe57q8ylaq 863324 863323 2026-06-21T16:02:44Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863324 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. Gina sabuwar hasumiya mai tasowa ya fuskanci ƙalubale a karon farko shekaru arba'in, inda aka yi wa matsayi mafi tsayi na "hasumiya mafi tsayi" tun bayan kammala ginin tsohon ginin Baltimore Trust Company na 1929, (wanda daga baya ya durƙushe jim kaɗan bayan kammala shi bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta Great Wall Street a watan Oktoban 1929), sannan ya ɗauki wasu sunaye da dama kafin ya ɗauki taken Bankin Ƙasa na Maryland na tsohon B.T.C. da aka sake tsarawa, a shekarun 1960s nan ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban kamfanin banki a jihar. Kamfanin USF&G ya gina hasumiyar mai hawa 35, inda ya sayar da ita lokacin da Kamfanin St. Paul ya saya, wanda yanzu wani bangare ne na Kamfanin The Travelers Companies. Duk da canje-canjen masu shi da sunaye, tsohon ginin USF&G ya kasance mafi tsayi a Baltimore, gini mafi tsayi a Maryland, da kuma gini mafi tsayi tsakanin Philadelphia da Raleigh bayan kammala ginin RBC Plaza a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma tsohon gidan Legg Mason ne na masu ba da shawara kan harkokin zuba jari da harkokin kudi bayan ya bar tsohon hedikwatarsa ​​a Harborplace Office Tower. Daga baya Legg Mason ya koma wani sabon hedikwata a gefen gabashin tsakiyar gari a Harbor East. An sake sanya wa ginin suna Transamerica Tower a watan Nuwamba na 2011 lokacin da Transamerica ta zama mafi girman mai haya ginin, inda ta ƙaura daga tsohon hedikwatarta da aka sani a ƙasa baki ɗaya a San Francisco, babban abin tarihi na Transamerica Pyramid wanda ke bayyana a tambarin kamfanin a saman ginin. An sake sayar da ginin a farkon shekarar 2015. A watan Fabrairun 2023, Transamerica ta rage girman ginin ta bar shi, inda ta kawo ƙarshen hayar gidansu ta kuma rasa haƙƙin sanya masa suna. Yayin da wasu 'yan Baltimore har yanzu suna kiran ginin da "Hasumiyar Transamerica", an cire sunan Transamerica daga ginin, kuma Transamerica ta koma wani ƙaramin wuri a Wills Wharf a Harbor Point. Bayan haka, an mayar da sunan ginin zuwa adireshinsa. == Masu zama da canje-canjen mallaka == USF&G ta ci gaba da zama a ginin har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990. Babban mazaunin ginin shine manajan kadarori Legg Mason, Inc., har zuwa 2009. A watan Fabrairun 2007, Legg Mason ya sanar da cewa zai koma wani sabon gini mai hawa sama a yankin gabashin gabar tekun Harbor, wani mataki da aka kammala a lokacin bazara na 2009. Ya zuwa shekarar 2010, alamar "Legg Mason" ba ta sake kasancewa a saman ginin Pratt da Light Streets ba. A shekarar 2009, ginin ya zama gidan reshen Baltimore na RBC Wealth Management. == Manazarta == n2kr71i9zavlew0q52ob9j2ar9kpkvg 863325 863324 2026-06-21T16:06:04Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. Gina sabuwar hasumiya mai tasowa ya fuskanci ƙalubale a karon farko shekaru arba'in, inda aka yi wa matsayi mafi tsayi na "hasumiya mafi tsayi" tun bayan kammala ginin tsohon ginin Baltimore Trust Company na 1929, (wanda daga baya ya durƙushe jim kaɗan bayan kammala shi bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta Great Wall Street a watan Oktoban 1929), sannan ya ɗauki wasu sunaye da dama kafin ya ɗauki taken Bankin Ƙasa na Maryland na tsohon B.T.C. da aka sake tsarawa, a shekarun 1960s nan ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban kamfanin banki a jihar. Kamfanin USF&G ya gina hasumiyar mai hawa 35, inda ya sayar da ita lokacin da Kamfanin St. Paul ya saya, wanda yanzu wani bangare ne na Kamfanin The Travelers Companies. Duk da canje-canjen masu shi da sunaye, tsohon ginin USF&G ya kasance mafi tsayi a Baltimore, gini mafi tsayi a Maryland, da kuma gini mafi tsayi tsakanin Philadelphia da Raleigh bayan kammala ginin RBC Plaza a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma tsohon gidan Legg Mason ne na masu ba da shawara kan harkokin zuba jari da harkokin kudi bayan ya bar tsohon hedikwatarsa ​​a Harborplace Office Tower. Daga baya Legg Mason ya koma wani sabon hedikwata a gefen gabashin tsakiyar gari a Harbor East. An sake sanya wa ginin suna Transamerica Tower a watan Nuwamba na 2011 lokacin da Transamerica ta zama mafi girman mai haya ginin, inda ta ƙaura daga tsohon hedikwatarta da aka sani a ƙasa baki ɗaya a San Francisco, babban abin tarihi na Transamerica Pyramid wanda ke bayyana a tambarin kamfanin a saman ginin. An sake sayar da ginin a farkon shekarar 2015. A watan Fabrairun 2023, Transamerica ta rage girman ginin ta bar shi, inda ta kawo ƙarshen hayar gidansu ta kuma rasa haƙƙin sanya masa suna. Yayin da wasu 'yan Baltimore har yanzu suna kiran ginin da "Hasumiyar Transamerica", an cire sunan Transamerica daga ginin, kuma Transamerica ta koma wani ƙaramin wuri a Wills Wharf a Harbor Point. Bayan haka, an mayar da sunan ginin zuwa adireshinsa. == Masu zama da canje-canjen mallaka == USF&G ta ci gaba da zama a ginin har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990. Babban mazaunin ginin shine manajan kadarori Legg Mason, Inc., har zuwa 2009. A watan Fabrairun 2007, Legg Mason ya sanar da cewa zai koma wani sabon gini mai hawa sama a yankin gabashin gabar tekun Harbor, wani mataki da aka kammala a lokacin bazara na 2009. Ya zuwa shekarar 2010, alamar "Legg Mason" ba ta sake kasancewa a saman ginin Pratt da Light Streets ba. A shekarar 2009, ginin ya zama gidan reshen Baltimore na RBC Wealth Management. A lokacin bazara na 2011, ginin ya kuma zama gidan kamfanin lauyoyi na Ober|Kaler (wanda yanzu shine Baker Donelson) wanda ke Baltimore. Kamfanin yana da hawa 6 na ginin. A watan Nuwamba na 2011, ginin ya zama hedikwatar Transamerica. A watan Afrilu na 2013, ginin ya zama gidan kamfanin lauyoyi na Mid-Atlantic Miles & Stockbridge P.C. A kusan shekarar 1978, wani shaho mai siffar peregrine ya gina gidansa a baranda a hawa na 33 na ginin. Kowace shekara tun daga lokacin, shaho biyu suna komawa ginin don yin gida da kuma cire 'yan kaji. == Duba kuma == == Manazarta == 785lgu1qrh7cdgsvyy1o34m1y2pmalq 863327 863325 2026-06-21T16:08:27Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863327 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari. == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci. Gina sabuwar hasumiya mai tasowa ya fuskanci ƙalubale a karon farko shekaru arba'in, inda aka yi wa matsayi mafi tsayi na "hasumiya mafi tsayi" tun bayan kammala ginin tsohon ginin Baltimore Trust Company na 1929, (wanda daga baya ya durƙushe jim kaɗan bayan kammala shi bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta Great Wall Street a watan Oktoban 1929), sannan ya ɗauki wasu sunaye da dama kafin ya ɗauki taken Bankin Ƙasa na Maryland na tsohon B.T.C. da aka sake tsarawa, a shekarun 1960s nan ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban kamfanin banki a jihar. Kamfanin USF&G ya gina hasumiyar mai hawa 35, inda ya sayar da ita lokacin da Kamfanin St. Paul ya saya, wanda yanzu wani bangare ne na Kamfanin The Travelers Companies. Duk da canje-canjen masu shi da sunaye, tsohon ginin USF&G ya kasance mafi tsayi a Baltimore, gini mafi tsayi a Maryland, da kuma gini mafi tsayi tsakanin Philadelphia da Raleigh bayan kammala ginin RBC Plaza a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma tsohon gidan Legg Mason ne na masu ba da shawara kan harkokin zuba jari da harkokin kudi bayan ya bar tsohon hedikwatarsa ​​a Harborplace Office Tower. Daga baya Legg Mason ya koma wani sabon hedikwata a gefen gabashin tsakiyar gari a Harbor East. An sake sanya wa ginin suna Transamerica Tower a watan Nuwamba na 2011 lokacin da Transamerica ta zama mafi girman mai haya ginin, inda ta ƙaura daga tsohon hedikwatarta da aka sani a ƙasa baki ɗaya a San Francisco, babban abin tarihi na Transamerica Pyramid wanda ke bayyana a tambarin kamfanin a saman ginin. An sake sayar da ginin a farkon shekarar 2015. A watan Fabrairun 2023, Transamerica ta rage girman ginin ta bar shi, inda ta kawo ƙarshen hayar gidansu ta kuma rasa haƙƙin sanya masa suna. Yayin da wasu 'yan Baltimore har yanzu suna kiran ginin da "Hasumiyar Transamerica", an cire sunan Transamerica daga ginin, kuma Transamerica ta koma wani ƙaramin wuri a Wills Wharf a Harbor Point. Bayan haka, an mayar da sunan ginin zuwa adireshinsa. == Masu zama da canje-canjen mallaka == USF&G ta ci gaba da zama a ginin har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990. Babban mazaunin ginin shine manajan kadarori Legg Mason, Inc., har zuwa 2009. A watan Fabrairun 2007, Legg Mason ya sanar da cewa zai koma wani sabon gini mai hawa sama a yankin gabashin gabar tekun Harbor, wani mataki da aka kammala a lokacin bazara na 2009. Ya zuwa shekarar 2010, alamar "Legg Mason" ba ta sake kasancewa a saman ginin Pratt da Light Streets ba. A shekarar 2009, ginin ya zama gidan reshen Baltimore na RBC Wealth Management. A lokacin bazara na 2011, ginin ya kuma zama gidan kamfanin lauyoyi na Ober|Kaler (wanda yanzu shine Baker Donelson) wanda ke Baltimore. Kamfanin yana da hawa 6 na ginin. A watan Nuwamba na 2011, ginin ya zama hedikwatar Transamerica. A watan Afrilu na 2013, ginin ya zama gidan kamfanin lauyoyi na Mid-Atlantic Miles & Stockbridge P.C. A kusan shekarar 1978, wani shaho mai siffar peregrine ya gina gidansa a baranda a hawa na 33 na ginin. Kowace shekara tun daga lokacin, shaho biyu suna komawa ginin don yin gida da kuma cire 'yan kaji. == Duba kuma == *List of tallest buildings in Baltimore *[[List of tallest buildings by U.S. state and territory]] *[[Baltimore]] *[[History of Baltimore]] *[[Timeline of Baltimore history]] *[[Charles Center]] *[[Inner Harbor]] *[[USF&G]] == Manazarta == fgajcp2rlztb8hrcoqnsrhb5ij9lof7 863328 863327 2026-06-21T16:10:25Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Titin Haske 100'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Light_Street</ref><ref>http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/transamerica-tower/3252</ref> (wanda aka fi sani da tsohuwar alama ta Transamerica Tower) wani gini ne mai hawa 40, tsayin ƙafa 528 (mita 161) wanda aka kammala a shekarar 1973 a tsakiyar birnin Baltimore, Maryland. Yana mamaye babban birnin da ke kewaye da titin South Charles (Maryland Route 139), East Lombard, Light da East Pratt Streets. Shi ne gini mafi tsayi a Baltimore da Maryland.<ref>https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wd/3252</ref> An fara gina shi a matsayin ginin USF&G, kuma shine hedikwatar Kamfanin Fidelity and Guarantee na Amurka (USF&G) a Baltimore, Maryland. USF&G, wani kamfanin inshora na musamman da aka kafa a Baltimore a 1896, ya ƙaura daga tsohon gininsa na gine-ginen gini guda uku da ke maƙwabtaka da juna a farkon ƙarni na 20 a kusurwar kudu maso yamma na titunan South Calvert da Redwood (wanda a da ake kira German Street kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya). Daga baya aka mamaye shi kuma aka san shi da Ginin Legg Mason, ginin yana fuskantar tsohon "The Basin" na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Helen Delich Bentley ta Baltimore a reshen Arewa maso Yamma na Kogin Patapsco da kuma sake gina kasuwancin Inner Harbor a cikin gari.<ref>http://www.bizjournals.com/baltimore/news/2011/05/19/miles-stockbridge-moving-to-100.html?page=all</ref> == Tarihi == Hasumiyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gine-ginen farko da aka gina ta amfani da hanyar juyin juya hali ta lokacin, ta gina ginshiƙin siminti mai tsayi na tsakiya wanda ya ƙunshi lif da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa, sannan daga baya aka biyo baya da katakon ƙarfe da ke kewaye da shi, waɗanda ke tashi daga bene zuwa bene, kuma ya zama abin jan hankali ga "masu kula da gefen hanya" da ma'aikatan ofis da ke wucewa a lokacin gininsa a farkon shekarun 70. Ganin sabon filin shakatawa na tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma faɗaɗa manyan kantunan tsohon filin shakatawa na Sam Smith tare da sabbin titunan Light da Pratt da aka sake ginawa/gyara tare da layukan tsakiya da kuma hanyoyin tafiya masu shimfidar bishiyoyi waɗanda aka mayar da hankali kan wani babban titin bakin ruwa, wanda nan ba da daɗewa ba za a kafa shi ta jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka mai tarihi, USS Constellation (wanda aka yi tunanin ya fito ne daga 1797, daga baya aka rubuta shi a matsayin 1854) tare da "Constellation Dock" wanda ya maye gurbin tsohon Filin Jirgin Sama na Municipal 1. Daga baya aka kewaye shi da manyan filayen da ke kewaye da shi waɗanda ke hawa sama da jerin matakai a gefen kudu da gabas na ginin da aka yi da allon dutse mai ruwan hoda tare da filayen lambu masu baranda tare da bishiyoyi a gefuna. Bayan 'yan shekaru, an gina rumfunan siyayya na Harborplace tare da sabon maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin McKeldin Square (wanda aka sake masa suna da tsohon Magajin Gari kuma Gwamna Theodore R. McKeldin), ta hanyar ketare titunan da ke kusa da su ta hanyar gadoji masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma babban filin wasan kwaikwayo da ke fuskantar ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Cikin shekaru goma, an kewaye sabon hasumiyar da ƙarin gine-ginen ofisoshi na gilashi da aluminum, otal-otal, da manyan shaguna/na kasuwanci.<ref>http://www.costar.com/News/Article.aspx?id=F55E8ED370D89345D8C7C2DC68547091</ref> Gina sabuwar hasumiya mai tasowa ya fuskanci ƙalubale a karon farko shekaru arba'in, inda aka yi wa matsayi mafi tsayi na "hasumiya mafi tsayi" tun bayan kammala ginin tsohon ginin Baltimore Trust Company na 1929, (wanda daga baya ya durƙushe jim kaɗan bayan kammala shi bayan faduwar kasuwar hannayen jari ta Great Wall Street a watan Oktoban 1929), sannan ya ɗauki wasu sunaye da dama kafin ya ɗauki taken Bankin Ƙasa na Maryland na tsohon B.T.C. da aka sake tsarawa, a shekarun 1960s nan ba da daɗewa ba ya zama babban kamfanin banki a jihar.<ref>https://www.bizjournals.com/baltimore/news/2023/02/13/100-light-transamerica-sign-coming-down-baltimore.html</ref> Kamfanin USF&G ya gina hasumiyar mai hawa 35, inda ya sayar da ita lokacin da Kamfanin St. Paul ya saya, wanda yanzu wani bangare ne na Kamfanin The Travelers Companies. Duk da canje-canjen masu shi da sunaye, tsohon ginin USF&G ya kasance mafi tsayi a Baltimore, gini mafi tsayi a Maryland, da kuma gini mafi tsayi tsakanin Philadelphia da Raleigh bayan kammala ginin RBC Plaza a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma tsohon gidan Legg Mason ne na masu ba da shawara kan harkokin zuba jari da harkokin kudi bayan ya bar tsohon hedikwatarsa ​​a Harborplace Office Tower. Daga baya Legg Mason ya koma wani sabon hedikwata a gefen gabashin tsakiyar gari a Harbor East. An sake sanya wa ginin suna Transamerica Tower a watan Nuwamba na 2011 lokacin da Transamerica ta zama mafi girman mai haya ginin, inda ta ƙaura daga tsohon hedikwatarta da aka sani a ƙasa baki ɗaya a San Francisco, babban abin tarihi na Transamerica Pyramid wanda ke bayyana a tambarin kamfanin a saman ginin. An sake sayar da ginin a farkon shekarar 2015. A watan Fabrairun 2023, Transamerica ta rage girman ginin ta bar shi, inda ta kawo ƙarshen hayar gidansu ta kuma rasa haƙƙin sanya masa suna. Yayin da wasu 'yan Baltimore har yanzu suna kiran ginin da "Hasumiyar Transamerica", an cire sunan Transamerica daga ginin, kuma Transamerica ta koma wani ƙaramin wuri a Wills Wharf a Harbor Point. Bayan haka, an mayar da sunan ginin zuwa adireshinsa. == Masu zama da canje-canjen mallaka == USF&G ta ci gaba da zama a ginin har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990. Babban mazaunin ginin shine manajan kadarori Legg Mason, Inc., har zuwa 2009. A watan Fabrairun 2007, Legg Mason ya sanar da cewa zai koma wani sabon gini mai hawa sama a yankin gabashin gabar tekun Harbor, wani mataki da aka kammala a lokacin bazara na 2009. Ya zuwa shekarar 2010, alamar "Legg Mason" ba ta sake kasancewa a saman ginin Pratt da Light Streets ba.<ref>https://www.baltimoresun.com/2008/04/30/legg-mason-tower-owner-and-usf-end-lease-early/</ref> A shekarar 2009, ginin ya zama gidan reshen Baltimore na RBC Wealth Management. A lokacin bazara na 2011, ginin ya kuma zama gidan kamfanin lauyoyi na Ober|Kaler (wanda yanzu shine Baker Donelson) wanda ke Baltimore. Kamfanin yana da hawa 6 na ginin. A watan Nuwamba na 2011, ginin ya zama hedikwatar Transamerica. A watan Afrilu na 2013, ginin ya zama gidan kamfanin lauyoyi na Mid-Atlantic Miles & Stockbridge P.C. A kusan shekarar 1978, wani shaho mai siffar peregrine ya gina gidansa a baranda a hawa na 33 na ginin. Kowace shekara tun daga lokacin, shaho biyu suna komawa ginin don yin gida da kuma cire 'yan kaji. == Duba kuma == *List of tallest buildings in Baltimore *[[List of tallest buildings by U.S. state and territory]] *[[Baltimore]] *[[History of Baltimore]] *[[Timeline of Baltimore history]] *[[Charles Center]] *[[Inner Harbor]] *[[USF&G]] == Manazarta == dwawd7e9ncuka7kcok6677bxd1txm0w 0 159127 863308 2026-06-21T15:51:50Z DAUDA M Sani 46211 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351558399|Masjid Abdul Gaffoor]]" 863308 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Masjid ''Abdul Gafoor''''' ([[Yaren Tamal|Tamil]]) kuma Jawi lokacin ana kiransa '''Masallacin Dunlop Street''', masallaci ne mai dimbin tarihi wanda ke cikin Little India, Singapore. An sanya masa suna ne bayan wanda ya kafa shi Shaik Abdul Gaffoor, an gina shi ne a 1910 a matsayin maye gurbin tsohuwar masallaci da ke kan titin Dunlop. An buga shi a matsayin abin tunawa na kasa na Singapore a shekara ta 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Abdul Gafoor Mosque, Little India Heritage Trail |url=https://www.roots.gov.sg/places/places-landing/Places/landmarks/little-india-heritage-trail-walk-of-faiths/abdul-gafoor-mosque |access-date=2026-03-05 |website=Roots |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihi == Da farko, an gina masallaci da ake kira Masjid Al-Abrar a cikin shekarun 1850 tare da Dunlop Street don yiwa baƙi Musulmai na Indiya hidima a yankin. Wannan masallacin yana ƙarƙashin kyautar awqāf, wanda ake kira Dunlop Street Mosque Endowment kuma an sanya shi a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba 1881. Shaik Abdul Gaffoor, daya daga cikin masu kula da kyautar, ya sami wasika ta amincewa don gina shagunan a kusa da masallacin. An yi amfani da kuɗin shiga daga waɗannan shaguna don gina sabon masallaci a wannan yanki tare da Dunlop Street, wanda aka kammala a cikin 1910. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> A lokacin mutuwar Shaik Abdul Gaffoor a 1919, shi ne kawai mai kula da Masallacin Dunlop Street kuma saboda haka an ba da mallakar ƙasar ga Kwamitin Gudanar da Musulmi da Hindu a 1927. <ref name=":0" /> Bayan samun 'yancin kai na Singapore, masallacin da kadarorinsa sun fada ƙarƙashin kulawar Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS). [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2026}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2026)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Masjid Abdul Gaffoor an buga shi a matsayin abin tunawa na kasa na Singapore a ranar 13 ga Yulin 1979. Koyaya, masallacin ya lalace a ƙarshen shekarun 1980, don haka wasu kamfen ɗin tara kuɗi da roko na gaggawa sun taimaka wajen tara dala miliyan 2.5 don inganta ƙasar awqāf tare da Dunlop Street, wanda ya haɗa da maido da masallacin sosai yayin da wasu shagunan da ke cikin waqf suka zama madrasah. Babban aikin sabuntawa ya fara ne a farkon shekarun 2000 kuma an kammala shi a ƙarshen 2002 tare da sake buɗe masallacin a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2003. Kafin sabuntawa, an sake gano zane-zanen da suka ɓace don masallacin a cikin 1998, wanda ya haɗa da shimfidar bene na ginshiki.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Heritage in a Pandemic |url=https://www.roots.gov.sg/stories-landing/stories/Abdul-Gafoor-Mosque/Abdul-Gafoor-Mosque-A-Sensitive-Restoration |journal=MUSE SG |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=43 |via=Roots}}</ref> Maidowa ta sami lambar yabo ta Tarihin Gine-gine daga Hukumar Ci Gaban Birni (URA) a shekara ta 2003. Masallacin masallaci ne na Sunni wanda ke da alaƙa da makarantar [[Hanafiyya|Ḥanafī]]. Yana daya daga cikin masallatai uku na Hanafi a Singapore, sauran biyu sune Masjid Angullia da Masjid Bencoolen, dukansu biyu masallatai ne na Indiya. Wannan shi ne saboda koyarwar Hanafi sananne ne a tsakanin Musulmai na Indiya. == Gine-gine == Masallacin Abdul Gaffoor yana da tsari da tsari na musamman. An gina shi ne a cikin cakuda gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic da salon Romawa, tare da haɗa fasalin gargajiya na Musulunci da Turai. Ɗakin addu'a yana sama da matakin ƙasa, kewaye da baranda da balustrades a kowane gefe kuma ana iya isa gare shi ta hanyar matakala. Balustrades ɗin suna da ramuka masu zagaye da masu kaifi a ƙasa, waɗanda aka ɗora a kan baka na cinquefoil masu ado. Babban ƙofar shiga an yi mata firam da baka na cinquefoil guda biyu a ɓangarorin biyu, tare da sassaka cikakkun bayanai a ko'ina, yayin da wani allo mai rubutun kira yana zaune a saman gefen waje na ƙofar shiga. Sama sama yana da sassaka na rana mai zagaye da ƙananan ginshiƙan Corinthian; an ƙawata shi da haruffan Larabci waɗanda ke wakiltar sunayen annabawan da aka ambata a cikin Alƙur'ani, waɗanda suka kai ashirin da biyar. Tsakiya, babban dome na masallacin ya ƙunshi murfin hexagonal a kan wani dandamali wanda ke saman babban zauren addu'a, yayin da wani karamin siffar albasa mai siffar dome tare da alamar crescent da tauraruwa yana zaune a samansa. Saboda zama a tsakiyar babban zauren addu'a a cikin hanyar daidaitawa, babban dome ba a ganuwa da ido idanu ba lokacin da aka gani daga matakin ƙasa. An yi windows ɗin ne da gilashin launi, kamar waɗanda ke bayyane a cikin majami'u. Rubutun Larabci sun yi ado da bangon ciki na babban zauren addu'a.<ref name=":0" /> Har yanzu ana kiyaye yankin wanka na masallacin, kodayake an bushe tafkin kuma yanzu an haɗa shi da bututun ruwa da tsarin famfo na zamani. Tare da farfajiyar akwai shaguna da yawa waɗanda suka kasance wani ɓangare na asalin 1881 Dunlop Street Endowment kuma saboda haka dukiyar masallacin ne. == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == <gallery> Fayil:Little_India_-_Abdul_Gafoor_Mosque_-_front_with_shahada.jpg|Atop the entrance of the mosque, with sundial motif visible. Fayil:Masjid_Abdul_Gaffoor_7,_Sep_06.JPG|The main dome of the mosque; an onion dome with an inner cupola atop a raised platform. Fayil:Singapore_Abdul-Gaffoor-Moschee_Innen_4.jpg|The main prayer hall of the mosque. Fayil:Une_arcade_dans_la_mosquée_Abdul_Gaffoor.jpg|Arch and support columns inside the main prayer hall. Fayil:Intérieur_de_la_mosquée_Abdul_Gaffoor.jpg|Interior of the main prayer hall, with the [[mihrab]] and [[Mimbari|minbar]] (pulpit). Fayil:Lustre_sous_le_dôme,_mosquée_Abdul_Gaffoor.jpg|A view underneath the main dome; a chandelier hangs from the centre of the innermost side of the cupola. Fayil:Sous_le_dôme,_mosquée_Abdul_Gaffoor.jpg|A more complete look underneath main dome. Fayil:Salle_de_prière_des_femmes_de_la_mosquée_Abdul_Gaffoor.jpg|The prayer hall for female worshippers. Fayil:Singapore_Abdul-Gaffoor-Moschee_Hof_2.jpg|Shophouses that were part of the 1881 endowment, located within the mosque grounds. Fayil:Ablution_area_of_Masjid_Abdul_Gafoor.jpg|The place for worshippers to take their wudhu (ritual ablution). Fayil:Basement_of_Masjid_Abdul_Gafoor_-_54469496437.jpg|Basement of the mosque. </gallery> * Jerin masallatai a Singapore == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Commonscat|Masjid Abdul Gaffoor}} * [https://www.google.com/maps/@1.3045762,103.8539963,3a,75y,237.88h,90.11t/data=!3m4!1e1!3m2!1siAY-6FUo4vDk-_N_vgtuvQ!2e0?g_ep=Eg1tbF8yMDI2MDIyNV8wIJvbDyoASAJQAQ%3D%3D Google Maps StreetView na Masjid Abdul Gaffoor tare da Dunlop Street] * [https://www.ura.gov.sg/services/download_file.aspx?f=%7B5F21EE59-D6D9-44FF-AA5C-8E36B623E056%7D Labarin Hukumar Sabuntawa ta Birane game da maido da Masjid Abdul Gaffoor] mdmph4jwuxdu21xrrb1zqkv277f23x6 863310 863308 2026-06-21T15:52:24Z DAUDA M Sani 46211 863310 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Masjid ''Abdul Gafoor''''' ([[Yaren Tamal|Tamil]]) kuma Jawi lokacin ana kiransa '''Masallacin Dunlop Street''', masallaci ne mai dimbin tarihi wanda ke cikin Little India, Singapore. An sanya masa suna ne bayan wanda ya kafa shi Shaik Abdul Gaffoor, an gina shi ne a 1910 a matsayin maye gurbin tsohuwar masallaci da ke kan titin Dunlop. An buga shi a matsayin abin tunawa na kasa na Singapore a shekara ta 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Abdul Gafoor Mosque, Little India Heritage Trail |url=https://www.roots.gov.sg/places/places-landing/Places/landmarks/little-india-heritage-trail-walk-of-faiths/abdul-gafoor-mosque |access-date=2026-03-05 |website=Roots |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihi == Da farko, an gina masallaci da ake kira Masjid Al-Abrar a cikin shekarun 1850 tare da Dunlop Street don yiwa baƙi Musulmai na Indiya hidima a yankin. Wannan masallacin yana ƙarƙashin kyautar awqāf, wanda ake kira Dunlop Street Mosque Endowment kuma an sanya shi a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba 1881. Shaik Abdul Gaffoor, daya daga cikin masu kula da kyautar, ya sami wasika ta amincewa don gina shagunan a kusa da masallacin. An yi amfani da kuɗin shiga daga waɗannan shaguna don gina sabon masallaci a wannan yanki tare da Dunlop Street, wanda aka kammala a cikin 1910. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> A lokacin mutuwar Shaik Abdul Gaffoor a 1919, shi ne kawai mai kula da Masallacin Dunlop Street kuma saboda haka an ba da mallakar ƙasar ga Kwamitin Gudanar da Musulmi da Hindu a 1927. <ref name=":0" /> Bayan samun 'yancin kai na Singapore, masallacin da kadarorinsa sun fada ƙarƙashin kulawar Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS). [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2026}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2026)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Masjid Abdul Gaffoor an buga shi a matsayin abin tunawa na kasa na Singapore a ranar 13 ga Yulin 1979. Koyaya, masallacin ya lalace a ƙarshen shekarun 1980, don haka wasu kamfen ɗin tara kuɗi da roko na gaggawa sun taimaka wajen tara dala miliyan 2.5 don inganta ƙasar awqāf tare da Dunlop Street, wanda ya haɗa da maido da masallacin sosai yayin da wasu shagunan da ke cikin waqf suka zama madrasah. Babban aikin sabuntawa ya fara ne a farkon shekarun 2000 kuma an kammala shi a ƙarshen 2002 tare da sake buɗe masallacin a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2003. Kafin sabuntawa, an sake gano zane-zanen da suka ɓace don masallacin a cikin 1998, wanda ya haɗa da shimfidar bene na ginshiki.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Heritage in a Pandemic |url=https://www.roots.gov.sg/stories-landing/stories/Abdul-Gafoor-Mosque/Abdul-Gafoor-Mosque-A-Sensitive-Restoration |journal=MUSE SG |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=43 |via=Roots}}</ref> Maidowa ta sami lambar yabo ta Tarihin Gine-gine daga Hukumar Ci Gaban Birni (URA) a shekara ta 2003. Masallacin masallaci ne na Sunni wanda ke da alaƙa da makarantar [[Hanafiyya|Ḥanafī]]. Yana daya daga cikin masallatai uku na Hanafi a Singapore, sauran biyu sune Masjid Angullia da Masjid Bencoolen, dukansu biyu masallatai ne na Indiya. Wannan shi ne saboda koyarwar Hanafi sananne ne a tsakanin Musulmai na Indiya. == Gine-gine == Masallacin Abdul Gaffoor yana da tsari da tsari na musamman. An gina shi ne a cikin cakuda gine-ginen Indo-Saracenic da salon Romawa, tare da haɗa fasalin gargajiya na Musulunci da Turai. Ɗakin addu'a yana sama da matakin ƙasa, kewaye da baranda da balustrades a kowane gefe kuma ana iya isa gare shi ta hanyar matakala. Balustrades ɗin suna da ramuka masu zagaye da masu kaifi a ƙasa, waɗanda aka ɗora a kan baka na cinquefoil masu ado. Babban ƙofar shiga an yi mata firam da baka na cinquefoil guda biyu a ɓangarorin biyu, tare da sassaka cikakkun bayanai a ko'ina, yayin da wani allo mai rubutun kira yana zaune a saman gefen waje na ƙofar shiga. Sama sama yana da sassaka na rana mai zagaye da ƙananan ginshiƙan Corinthian; an ƙawata shi da haruffan Larabci waɗanda ke wakiltar sunayen annabawan da aka ambata a cikin Alƙur'ani, waɗanda suka kai ashirin da biyar. Tsakiya, babban dome na masallacin ya ƙunshi murfin hexagonal a kan wani dandamali wanda ke saman babban zauren addu'a, yayin da wani karamin siffar albasa mai siffar dome tare da alamar crescent da tauraruwa yana zaune a samansa. Saboda zama a tsakiyar babban zauren addu'a a cikin hanyar daidaitawa, babban dome ba a ganuwa da ido idanu ba lokacin da aka gani daga matakin ƙasa. An yi windows ɗin ne da gilashin launi, kamar waɗanda ke bayyane a cikin majami'u. Rubutun Larabci sun yi ado da bangon ciki na babban zauren addu'a.<ref name=":0" /> Har yanzu ana kiyaye yankin wanka na masallacin, kodayake an bushe tafkin kuma yanzu an haɗa shi da bututun ruwa da tsarin famfo na zamani. Tare da farfajiyar akwai shaguna da yawa waɗanda suka kasance wani ɓangare na asalin 1881 Dunlop Street Endowment kuma saboda haka dukiyar masallacin ne. == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == <gallery> Fayil:Little_India_-_Abdul_Gafoor_Mosque_-_front_with_shahada.jpg|Atop the entrance of the mosque, with sundial motif visible. Fayil:Masjid_Abdul_Gaffoor_7,_Sep_06.JPG|The main dome of the mosque; an onion dome with an inner cupola atop a raised platform. Fayil:Singapore_Abdul-Gaffoor-Moschee_Innen_4.jpg|The main prayer hall of the mosque. Fayil:Une_arcade_dans_la_mosquée_Abdul_Gaffoor.jpg|Arch and support columns inside the main prayer hall. Fayil:Intérieur_de_la_mosquée_Abdul_Gaffoor.jpg|Interior of the main prayer hall, with the [[mihrab]] and [[Mimbari|minbar]] (pulpit). Fayil:Lustre_sous_le_dôme,_mosquée_Abdul_Gaffoor.jpg|A view underneath the main dome; a chandelier hangs from the centre of the innermost side of the cupola. Fayil:Sous_le_dôme,_mosquée_Abdul_Gaffoor.jpg|A more complete look underneath main dome. Fayil:Salle_de_prière_des_femmes_de_la_mosquée_Abdul_Gaffoor.jpg|The prayer hall for female worshippers. Fayil:Singapore_Abdul-Gaffoor-Moschee_Hof_2.jpg|Shophouses that were part of the 1881 endowment, located within the mosque grounds. Fayil:Ablution_area_of_Masjid_Abdul_Gafoor.jpg|The place for worshippers to take their wudhu (ritual ablution). Fayil:Basement_of_Masjid_Abdul_Gafoor_-_54469496437.jpg|Basement of the mosque. </gallery> * Jerin masallatai a Singapore == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Commonscat|Masjid Abdul Gaffoor}} * [https://www.google.com/maps/@1.3045762,103.8539963,3a,75y,237.88h,90.11t/data=!3m4!1e1!3m2!1siAY-6FUo4vDk-_N_vgtuvQ!2e0?g_ep=Eg1tbF8yMDI2MDIyNV8wIJvbDyoASAJQAQ%3D%3D Google Maps StreetView na Masjid Abdul Gaffoor tare da Dunlop Street] * [https://www.ura.gov.sg/services/download_file.aspx?f=%7B5F21EE59-D6D9-44FF-AA5C-8E36B623E056%7D Labarin Hukumar Sabuntawa ta Birane game da maido da Masjid Abdul Gaffoor] 0umsm2lhs4zf85a56zopdydn6is6szl 0 159128 863321 2026-06-21T16:01:07Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359759600|Muideen Adebayo Ibrahim]]" 863321 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muideen Adebayo Ibrahim''' ɗan kasuwa ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]], masanin masana'antu, kuma mai ba da shawara kan gudanarwa. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma babban jami'in zartarwa na BAMIB Resources and Investments Company Limited, wani kamfani na masana'antu na Najeriya wanda aka sani da samar da BAMIB Pencil, alamar fensir da aka ƙera a wani bangare daga jaridu da aka sake amfani da su.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Report |first=Agency |date=2019-10-22 |title=FG pledges support as local manufacturing of pencils begins |url=https://punchng.com/fg-pledges-support-as-local-manufacturing-of-pencils-begins/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Libra Consulting, wani kamfani mai ba da shawara kan gudanarwa wanda ke zaune a [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]], Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Royal |first=David O. |date=2019-11-11 |title=Locally-manufactured pencils will save Nigeria $2.4bn annually ― Manufacturer |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/11/locally-manufactured-pencils-will-save-nigeria-2-4bn-annually-%E2%80%95-manufacturer/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Muideen ya kafa Kamfanin BAMIB Resources and Investments Company Limited a cikin 2016 tare da manufar inganta masana'antu na asali da rage dogaro da Najeriya akan fensir da aka shigo da su. Kamfanin ya fara samar da kasuwanci a watan Agustan 2018 biyo bayan saka hannun jari da aka kiyasta sama da miliyan 40. A cewar rahotanni, aikin ya sami tallafi daga [[Bankin Masana'antu]] da kuma gudummawar kudi daga dangin da abokan tarayya. BAMIB Pencil an ƙera shi ta amfani da [[Jarida|jaridu]] da aka sake amfani da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin albarkatun sa a ƙoƙarin inganta dorewar muhalli da rage sharar gida. A cikin 2019, Muideen ya bayyana cewa fensir da aka ƙera a cikin gida na iya taimakawa Najeriya adana biliyoyin naira da ake kashewa a kowace shekara akan shigo da kayayyaki. Daga baya ya bayyana shirye-shiryen kara karfin samar da kamfanin daga kimanin miliyan 2.4 a kowace shekara zuwa kimanin miliyan 450 tare da ƙarin saka hannun jari da tallafin gwamnati. == Gudanarwa == Muideen ya ba da shawarar manufofi da nufin ƙarfafa masana'antu na gida a Najeriya. A cikin 2019, ya yi kira ga Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Najeriya da ta kara haraji a kan fensir da aka shigo da su da kuma karfafa aiwatar da manufofin abun ciki na cikin gida. Ya kuma bukaci ma'aikatu na gwamnati, sassan da hukumomi da su ba da fifiko ga kayayyakin da aka ƙera a cikin gida. A cikin 2024, Muideen ya yi kira ga Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta ayyana dokar ta baci a bangaren masana'antu na Najeriya, yana mai ambaton kalubale kamar rashin isasshen samar da wutar lantarki, haraji da yawa da rashi. == Haɗin kai da gwamnati == Muideen ya gabatar da fensir da aka ƙera a cikin gida ga jami'an [[Ma'aikatar Kimiyya, Fasaha da Ƙirƙira ta Tarayya|Ma'aikatar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya]] a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin inganta samar da 'yan asalin ƙasar. == Dubi kuma == * [[Tattalin arzikin Najeriya]] * [[Bankin Masana'antu]] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1967]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] pwfvy494o7pjmkhq3wunv10bwq89900 863322 863321 2026-06-21T16:01:48Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 863322 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Muideen Adebayo Ibrahim''' ɗan kasuwa ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]], masanin masana'antu, kuma mai ba da shawara kan gudanarwa. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma babban jami'in zartarwa na BAMIB Resources and Investments Company Limited, wani kamfani na masana'antu na Najeriya wanda aka sani da samar da BAMIB Pencil, alamar fensir da aka ƙera a wani bangare daga jaridu da aka sake amfani da su.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Report |first=Agency |date=2019-10-22 |title=FG pledges support as local manufacturing of pencils begins |url=https://punchng.com/fg-pledges-support-as-local-manufacturing-of-pencils-begins/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> Shi ne kuma wanda ya kafa Libra Consulting, wani kamfani mai ba da shawara kan gudanarwa wanda ke zaune a [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]], Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Royal |first=David O. |date=2019-11-11 |title=Locally-manufactured pencils will save Nigeria $2.4bn annually ― Manufacturer |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/11/locally-manufactured-pencils-will-save-nigeria-2-4bn-annually-%E2%80%95-manufacturer/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Muideen ya kafa Kamfanin BAMIB Resources and Investments Company Limited a cikin 2016 tare da manufar inganta masana'antu na asali da rage dogaro da Najeriya akan fensir da aka shigo da su. Kamfanin ya fara samar da kasuwanci a watan Agustan 2018 biyo bayan saka hannun jari da aka kiyasta sama da miliyan 40. A cewar rahotanni, aikin ya sami tallafi daga [[Bankin Masana'antu]] da kuma gudummawar kudi daga dangin da abokan tarayya. BAMIB Pencil an ƙera shi ta amfani da [[Jarida|jaridu]] da aka sake amfani da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin albarkatun sa a ƙoƙarin inganta dorewar muhalli da rage sharar gida. A cikin 2019, Muideen ya bayyana cewa fensir da aka ƙera a cikin gida na iya taimakawa Najeriya adana biliyoyin naira da ake kashewa a kowace shekara akan shigo da kayayyaki. Daga baya ya bayyana shirye-shiryen kara karfin samar da kamfanin daga kimanin miliyan 2.4 a kowace shekara zuwa kimanin miliyan 450 tare da ƙarin saka hannun jari da tallafin gwamnati. == Gudanarwa == Muideen ya ba da shawarar manufofi da nufin ƙarfafa masana'antu na gida a Najeriya. A cikin 2019, ya yi kira ga Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Najeriya da ta kara haraji a kan fensir da aka shigo da su da kuma karfafa aiwatar da manufofin abun ciki na cikin gida. Ya kuma bukaci ma'aikatu na gwamnati, sassan da hukumomi da su ba da fifiko ga kayayyakin da aka ƙera a cikin gida. A cikin 2024, Muideen ya yi kira ga Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta ayyana dokar ta baci a bangaren masana'antu na Najeriya, yana mai ambaton kalubale kamar rashin isasshen samar da wutar lantarki, haraji da yawa da rashi. == Haɗin kai da gwamnati == Muideen ya gabatar da fensir da aka ƙera a cikin gida ga jami'an [[Ma'aikatar Kimiyya, Fasaha da Ƙirƙira ta Tarayya|Ma'aikatar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya]] a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin inganta samar da 'yan asalin ƙasar. == Dubi kuma == * [[Tattalin arzikin Najeriya]] * [[Bankin Masana'antu]] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1967]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9x3sxt5y5d1y8ysmpfq7kfdmgo06nq6 0 159129 863331 2026-06-21T16:33:38Z Bembety 20498 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360451186|Ashley Keno]]" 863331 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno,[2] ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.[3] == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila. Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki. Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok. == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] na3f02gu5vgdzqu3yty0gthcfh1o1gq 863332 863331 2026-06-21T16:35:17Z Bembety 20498 #1Lib1RefNG 863332 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno,[2] ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila. Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki. Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok. == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] 2wqwq8pw4myglfntsnzmy04lk2mmsz5 863333 863332 2026-06-21T16:35:56Z Bembety 20498 #1Lib1RefNG 863333 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno,[2] ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref> Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki. Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok. == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] r3y7oywort8j03mlc80ux2wnax98li5 863334 863333 2026-06-21T16:36:51Z Bembety 20498 #1Lib1RefNG 863334 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno, ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://thetimesngr.com/africas-creator-economy-is-maturing-and-a-new-generation-is-trying-to-turn-virality-into-long-term-work/</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref> Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki. Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok. == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] c4ogco44xpri4a1t1lkm1b5xmbxe0g6 863335 863334 2026-06-21T16:38:32Z Bembety 20498 #1Lib1RefNG 863335 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno, ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://thetimesngr.com/africas-creator-economy-is-maturing-and-a-new-generation-is-trying-to-turn-virality-into-long-term-work/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/12/nigerian-creator-ashleykeno17-reveals-plan-to-conquer-acting-world/</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/03/ashley-kenos-rise-from-dublin-roots-to-tiktok-stardom/</ref> Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki. Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok. == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] hunxhd4t0s2v6hd46jnjqs244iyki5c 863336 863335 2026-06-21T16:39:43Z Bembety 20498 #1Lib1RefNG 863336 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno, ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://thetimesngr.com/africas-creator-economy-is-maturing-and-a-new-generation-is-trying-to-turn-virality-into-long-term-work/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/12/nigerian-creator-ashleykeno17-reveals-plan-to-conquer-acting-world/</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/03/ashley-kenos-rise-from-dublin-roots-to-tiktok-stardom/</ref><ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/2026/02/10/how-ashleykeno17-is-part-of-a-new-wave-of-african-digital-creators-going-global/</ref> Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki. Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok. == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] hyckf97rsk022qfmry1d8lvaqp9fvoh 863337 863336 2026-06-21T16:40:52Z Bembety 20498 /* Rayuwar farko da aiki */ #1Lib1RefNG 863337 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno, ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://thetimesngr.com/africas-creator-economy-is-maturing-and-a-new-generation-is-trying-to-turn-virality-into-long-term-work/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/12/nigerian-creator-ashleykeno17-reveals-plan-to-conquer-acting-world/</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/03/ashley-kenos-rise-from-dublin-roots-to-tiktok-stardom/</ref><ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/2026/02/10/how-ashleykeno17-is-part-of-a-new-wave-of-african-digital-creators-going-global/</ref><ref>https://businessday.ng/news/article/young-nigerian-creator-builds-a-rising-multi-platform-media-brand/</ref> Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki. Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok. == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] 0s6jls8vom64pfld7sgl8biqb0t7mla 863338 863337 2026-06-21T16:43:09Z Bembety 20498 #1Lib1RefNG 863338 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno, ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://thetimesngr.com/africas-creator-economy-is-maturing-and-a-new-generation-is-trying-to-turn-virality-into-long-term-work/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/12/nigerian-creator-ashleykeno17-reveals-plan-to-conquer-acting-world/</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/03/ashley-kenos-rise-from-dublin-roots-to-tiktok-stardom/</ref><ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/2026/02/10/how-ashleykeno17-is-part-of-a-new-wave-of-african-digital-creators-going-global/</ref><ref>https://businessday.ng/news/article/young-nigerian-creator-builds-a-rising-multi-platform-media-brand/</ref> Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki.<ref>https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2026/04/16/how-ashley-keno-turned-a-viral-moment-into-a-rising-entertainment-career/</ref> Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok. == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] s9qcpg2skjunxuer2sxeeoikbsoxa46 863339 863338 2026-06-21T16:44:23Z Bembety 20498 #1Lib1RefNG 863339 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno, ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://thetimesngr.com/africas-creator-economy-is-maturing-and-a-new-generation-is-trying-to-turn-virality-into-long-term-work/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/12/nigerian-creator-ashleykeno17-reveals-plan-to-conquer-acting-world/</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/03/ashley-kenos-rise-from-dublin-roots-to-tiktok-stardom/</ref><ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/2026/02/10/how-ashleykeno17-is-part-of-a-new-wave-of-african-digital-creators-going-global/</ref><ref>https://businessday.ng/news/article/young-nigerian-creator-builds-a-rising-multi-platform-media-brand/</ref> Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki.<ref>https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2026/04/16/how-ashley-keno-turned-a-viral-moment-into-a-rising-entertainment-career/</ref><ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/nigerian-tiktoker-ashley-keno-gains-global-attention/</ref> Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok. == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] kutdh6bi8uo74tb3oyx32d402v4cmvs 863340 863339 2026-06-21T16:45:31Z Bembety 20498 #1Lib1RefNG 863340 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno, ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://thetimesngr.com/africas-creator-economy-is-maturing-and-a-new-generation-is-trying-to-turn-virality-into-long-term-work/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/12/nigerian-creator-ashleykeno17-reveals-plan-to-conquer-acting-world/</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/03/ashley-kenos-rise-from-dublin-roots-to-tiktok-stardom/</ref><ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/2026/02/10/how-ashleykeno17-is-part-of-a-new-wave-of-african-digital-creators-going-global/</ref><ref>https://businessday.ng/news/article/young-nigerian-creator-builds-a-rising-multi-platform-media-brand/</ref> Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki.<ref>https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2026/04/16/how-ashley-keno-turned-a-viral-moment-into-a-rising-entertainment-career/</ref><ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/nigerian-tiktoker-ashley-keno-gains-global-attention/</ref> Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok.<ref>https://guardian.ng/specials/ashleykeno-builds-steady-rise-on-tiktok-through-content-and-collaborations/</ref> == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] 1rbs0knvsyrm0toc6hq7e1akknmxs8l 863342 863340 2026-06-21T16:46:05Z Bembety 20498 /* Nassoshi */ #1Lib1RefNG 863342 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha''' (an haife ta ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2003), wadda aka fi sani da sunan sana’arta Ashley Keno, ɗan rawa ce, mai ƙirƙirar abun cikin intanet, kuma mai yin streaming ta yanar gizo wacce aka haifa a Ireland kuma ‘yar asalin Najeriya ce.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://thetimesngr.com/africas-creator-economy-is-maturing-and-a-new-generation-is-trying-to-turn-virality-into-long-term-work/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/12/nigerian-creator-ashleykeno17-reveals-plan-to-conquer-acting-world/</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Oghenekeno Ashley Ejeneha a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2003 a Dublin, Ireland . Asalinsa daga Jihar Delta, Najeriya, ya kammala karatun firamare da sakandare kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Aston da ke [[Birmingham]], Ingila.<ref>https://independent.ng/ashleykenos-tiktok-triumph-look-into-his-viral-success/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2026/03/ashley-kenos-rise-from-dublin-roots-to-tiktok-stardom/</ref><ref>https://www.thisdaylive.com/2026/02/10/how-ashleykeno17-is-part-of-a-new-wave-of-african-digital-creators-going-global/</ref><ref>https://businessday.ng/news/article/young-nigerian-creator-builds-a-rising-multi-platform-media-brand/</ref> Bayan ya kirkiro asusun [[TikTok]] a cikin 2019, ya fara saki da kuma sanya rawa da gajerun shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ban dariya, da wahayi a ciki.<ref>https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2026/04/16/how-ashley-keno-turned-a-viral-moment-into-a-rising-entertainment-career/</ref><ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/nigerian-tiktoker-ashley-keno-gains-global-attention/</ref> Ashley Keno ya sami mabiya lokacin da abubuwan da yake ciki suka zama masu yaduwa a cikin 2021, yana samun mabiya sama da miliyan 3 a kan TikTok.<ref>https://guardian.ng/specials/ashleykeno-builds-steady-rise-on-tiktok-through-content-and-collaborations/</ref><ref>https://www.tv360nigeria.com/ashley-keno-nigerian-born-creator-making-waves-in-global-digital-entertainment/</ref> == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2003]] payvrfu3gpjmpetv1njlpdvxuceyvcp 0 159130 863347 2026-06-21T17:00:06Z Saad Nuhu 43323 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1312187071|Bukar Shaib]]" 863347 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Nigerian_Public_Domain_30.jpg|thumb|Bukar Shuaib tare da matarsa (1957) ]] '''Bukar Shaib''' jami'in diflomasiyyar Najeriya ne, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Najeriya a Italiya daga shekara ta 1979. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin ministan noma a gwamnatin Janar Buhari . An haife shi a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]], kuma ya yi karatun likitan dabbobi a matakin kwaleji, ya zama likitan dabba na farko na Najeriya. Ya kasance tsohon sakataren dindindin na tarayya da na yanki a lokacin mulkin Gowon, sannan Murtala da Obasanjo. An nada shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman kan Tsaron Kasa ga Shugaba [[Shehu Shagari]] . Bayan da aka hambarar da Shagari sabuwar gwamnati ta nada shi a matsayin ministan noma.and regional permanent secretary during the Gowon, then Murtala and Obasanjo regimes. He was appointed as special adviser on National Security to President [[:en:Shehu_Shagari|Shehu Shagari]]. After Shagari's overthrow he was appointed by the new administration as the minister for Agriculture. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutane daga Jihar Borno]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 8k1bzneh8i39pagnqbi6a6x7vb0ikxf 863348 863347 2026-06-21T17:00:42Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863348 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Nigerian_Public_Domain_30.jpg|thumb|Bukar Shuaib tare da matarsa (1957) ]] '''Bukar Shaib''' jami'in diflomasiyyar Najeriya ne, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Najeriya a Italiya daga shekara ta 1979. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin ministan noma a gwamnatin Janar Buhari . An haife shi a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]], kuma ya yi karatun likitan dabbobi a matakin kwaleji, ya zama likitan dabba na farko na Najeriya. Ya kasance tsohon sakataren dindindin na tarayya da na yanki a lokacin mulkin Gowon, sannan Murtala da Obasanjo. An nada shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman kan Tsaron Kasa ga Shugaba [[Shehu Shagari]] . Bayan da aka hambarar da Shagari sabuwar gwamnati ta nada shi a matsayin ministan noma. [[Rukuni:Mutane daga Jihar Borno]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] dvx5vhrf6337el0wahg4he2dzl0sggm 863349 863348 2026-06-21T17:01:42Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863349 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Nigerian_Public_Domain_30.jpg|thumb|Bukar Shuaib tare da matarsa (1957) ]] '''Bukar Shaib''' jami'in diflomasiyyar Najeriya ne, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Najeriya a Italiya daga shekara ta 1979. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin ministan noma a gwamnatin Janar Buhari . An haife shi a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]], kuma ya yi karatun likitan dabbobi a matakin kwaleji, ya zama likitan dabba na farko na Najeriya. Ya kasance tsohon sakataren dindindin na tarayya da na yanki a lokacin mulkin Gowon, sannan Murtala da Obasanjo. An nada shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman kan Tsaron Kasa ga Shugaba [[Shehu Shagari]] . Bayan da aka hambarar da Shagari sabuwar gwamnati ta nada shi a matsayin ministan noma.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinemann_(publisher)</ref> [[Rukuni:Mutane daga Jihar Borno]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ew49arh1q4vl8reqm0uk2uwh02suc2y 863350 863349 2026-06-21T17:03:09Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863350 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Nigerian_Public_Domain_30.jpg|thumb|Bukar Shuaib tare da matarsa (1957) ]] '''Bukar Shaib''' jami'in diflomasiyyar Najeriya ne, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Najeriya a Italiya daga shekara ta 1979. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin ministan noma a gwamnatin Janar Buhari . An haife shi a [[Borno|Jihar Borno]], kuma ya yi karatun likitan dabbobi a matakin kwaleji, ya zama likitan dabba na farko na Najeriya. Ya kasance tsohon sakataren dindindin na tarayya da na yanki a lokacin mulkin Gowon, sannan Murtala da Obasanjo. An nada shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman kan Tsaron Kasa ga Shugaba [[Shehu Shagari]] . Bayan da aka hambarar da Shagari sabuwar gwamnati ta nada shi a matsayin ministan noma.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinemann_(publisher)</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutane daga Jihar Borno]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ey9sw4mm5c95h0sotxtz1kfev67u38k 0 159131 863354 2026-06-21T17:09:38Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340927755|Estuarine pipefish]]" 863354 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kifin pipefish na Estuarine''' ko kuma '''kifi mai kauri a kogin''' [[Kogin Kariega|(]] '''''Syngnathus watermeyeri''''' ) nau'in [[kifi]] ne a cikin dangin Syngnathidae . Yana da yaɗuwa a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma an rubuta shi lokaci-lokaci a cikin sassan kogin Kariega, [[Kogin Kasouga|Kasouga]], [[Kogin Bushman|Bushmans]], [[East Kleinemonde]] da [[West Kleinemonde]] . Ana iya bambanta shi cikin sauƙi daga wani kifi mai kauri a Afirka ta Kudu wanda yake zaune tare da shi, <nowiki><i id="mwGA">S. temminckii</i></nowiki>, ta hanyar gajeriyar hancinsa. Ana samun kifi mai kauri a cikin gadajen ciyawar eelgrass ''Zostera capensis'' . == Matsayin kiyayewa == An ayyana cewa kifi mai kama da estuarine ya mutu a shekarar 1994, amma an sake gano shi a shekarar 2006 <ref>{{Cite journal |last=P.D. Vorwerk |last2=P.W. Froneman |last3=A.W. Paterson |year=2007 |title=Recovery of the critically endangered river pipefish, ''Syngnathus watermeyeri'', in the Kariega Estuary, Eastern Cape province |url=http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0038-23532007000300010 |journal=South African Journal of Science |volume=103 |pages=199–291}}</ref> a yankunan da ba a ba da rahotonsa ba cikin sama da shekaru arba'in. Wannan kifi mai kama da estuarine yana fuskantar barazanar da ta shafi halittu da kuma ta mutane ga magudanar ruwa da kuma gadajen ciyawar eel da yake zaune a ciki. == Kiwo a gidan yari == Ana tsare da wani mutum da aka tsare a ''Syngnathus watermeyeri'' a UShaka Marine World da ke [[Durban]] . == Asalin Ma'anar == Nau'in mace ce mai tsawon {{Convert|110|mm|in}} an tattara su a Kogin Bushmans kuma an aika su zuwa JLB Smith ta hannun FLE Watermeyer, wanda Smith ya girmama a cikin sabon sunan nau'in da aka bayyana . <ref name="Smith">{{Cite journal |last=J.L.B. Smith |year=1963 |title=Fishes of the family Syngnathidae from the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean |url=http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:15002;jsessionid=D59E6608F4F5F3370ACC4EBD5B5394CE?exact=sm_title%3A%22Fishes+of+the+family+Syngnathidae+from+the+Red+Sea+and+the+Western+Indian+Ocean%22&collection=vital%3A91 |journal=Ichthyological Bulletin, Department of Ichthyology, Rhodes University |volume=27 |pages=515–543}}</ref> == Manazarta == g6vsoia5otmg6hr61azg99yatc61mks 863355 863354 2026-06-21T17:10:06Z Engineer014 44591 863355 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kifin pipefish na Estuarine''' ko kuma '''kifi mai kauri a kogin''' [[Kogin Kariega|(]] '''''Syngnathus watermeyeri''''' ) nau'in [[kifi]] ne a cikin dangin Syngnathidae . Yana da yaɗuwa a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma an rubuta shi lokaci-lokaci a cikin sassan kogin Kariega, [[Kogin Kasouga|Kasouga]], [[Kogin Bushman|Bushmans]], [[East Kleinemonde]] da [[West Kleinemonde]] . Ana iya bambanta shi cikin sauƙi daga wani kifi mai kauri a Afirka ta Kudu wanda yake zaune tare da shi, <nowiki><i id="mwGA">S. temminckii</i></nowiki>, ta hanyar gajeriyar hancinsa. Ana samun kifi mai kauri a cikin gadajen ciyawar eelgrass ''Zostera capensis'' . == Matsayin kiyayewa == An ayyana cewa kifi mai kama da estuarine ya mutu a shekarar 1994, amma an sake gano shi a shekarar 2006 <ref>{{Cite journal |last=P.D. Vorwerk |last2=P.W. Froneman |last3=A.W. Paterson |year=2007 |title=Recovery of the critically endangered river pipefish, ''Syngnathus watermeyeri'', in the Kariega Estuary, Eastern Cape province |url=http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0038-23532007000300010 |journal=South African Journal of Science |volume=103 |pages=199–291}}</ref> a yankunan da ba a ba da rahotonsa ba cikin sama da shekaru arba'in. Wannan kifi mai kama da estuarine yana fuskantar barazanar da ta shafi halittu da kuma ta mutane ga magudanar ruwa da kuma gadajen ciyawar eel da yake zaune a ciki. == Kiwo a gidan yari == Ana tsare da wani mutum da aka tsare a ''Syngnathus watermeyeri'' a UShaka Marine World da ke [[Durban]] . == Asalin Ma'anar == Nau'in mace ce mai tsawon {{Convert|110|mm|in}} an tattara su a Kogin Bushmans kuma an aika su zuwa JLB Smith ta hannun FLE Watermeyer, wanda Smith ya girmama a cikin sabon sunan nau'in da aka bayyana . <ref name="Smith">{{Cite journal |last=J.L.B. Smith |year=1963 |title=Fishes of the family Syngnathidae from the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean |url=http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:15002;jsessionid=D59E6608F4F5F3370ACC4EBD5B5394CE?exact=sm_title%3A%22Fishes+of+the+family+Syngnathidae+from+the+Red+Sea+and+the+Western+Indian+Ocean%22&collection=vital%3A91 |journal=Ichthyological Bulletin, Department of Ichthyology, Rhodes University |volume=27 |pages=515–543}}</ref> == Manazarta == 8ce4p7r7ede9qn0n733n1ysdu5e0fr9 0 159132 863356 2026-06-21T17:10:29Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352698096|Rhabdosargus holubi]]" 863356 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Rhabdosargus holubi''''', '''Cape stumpnose''', nau'in kifi ne a cikin dangin seabream, Sparidae . Asalinsa ya fito ne daga kudancin Afirka, inda ake samunsa galibi a gabashin gabar tekun [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . == Tsarin Haraji == An fara bayyana ''Rhabdosargus holubi'' a matsayin ''Sargus holubi'' ta hanyar masanin kimiyyar ichthy na Austria Franz Steindachner, inda aka ba shi irin wurin da ake kira [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] a Afirka ta Kudu. An sanya nau'in ''Rhabdosargus'' a cikin dangin Sparidae a cikin jerin Spariformes ta bugu na 5 na ''Fishes of the World'' . Wasu hukumomi sun rarraba wannan nau'in a cikin ƙaramin iyali na Sparinae, <ref name="Parenti">{{Cite journal |last=Parenti, P. |year=2019 |title=An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Sparidae |url=https://fishtaxa.com/menuscript/index.php/ft/article/view/49/52 |journal=FishTaxa |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=47–98}}</ref> amma bugu na 5 na Fishes of the World bai amince da ƙananan iyalai a cikin Sparidae ba. <ref name="Nelson5" /> == Asalin Ma'anar == ''Rhabdosargus holubi'' na cikin halittar ''Rhabdosargus'', sunan da aka sake gyarawa ''rhabdos'', ma'ana "sanda" ko "sanda", ana nufin sargos mai launin rawaya na ciki na ''Sargus auriventris'', nau'insa, zuwa ''Sargos'', sunan da ake amfani da shi don kifin Sparid a tsohuwar Girkanci aƙalla tun zamanin [[Aristotle]] amma a wannan yanayin ana nufin ''Sargus'' a matsayin ma'anar ''Diplodus'' . Sunan musamman, ''holubi'', yana girmama mai tattara nau'in, Emil Holub wanda likita ne na Czech, mai zane-zane da kuma mai nazarin al'adu . <ref name="ETYFish">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Scharpf |date=12 January 2024 |title=Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 6): Families GERREIDAE, LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE |url=https://etyfish.org/acanthuriformes6/ |access-date=17 February 2024 |website=The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database |publisher=Christopher Scharpf}}</ref> == Bayani == ''Rhabdosargus holubi'' yawanci yana kusan {{Cvt|15|cm}} tsayi, amma samfuran {{Cvt|40|cm}}an gani . Kifi ne mai sheƙi na azurfa mai layin zinare daga kai zuwa wutsiya. Fifin bayansa yana da kashin baya 11. Kan yana da santsi kuma bakinsa yana ɗauke da incisors 6 zuwa 8. Incisors na ƙaramin yaro suna da ƙusoshi. == Ilimin halittu == ''Rhabdosargus holubi'' kifi ne na ruwa, wanda manya galibi ke zaune a cikin teku kuma yara ƙanana suna tasowa a cikin magudanar ruwa . Yara ƙanana [[Gudun kifi|suna ƙaura]] zuwa magudanar ruwa kuma galibi suna yin shekararsu ta farko a rayuwa a can. Wasu manya kuma ana iya samun su a magudanar ruwa. Yawancin magudanar ruwa na gabar tekun kudu maso gabashin Afirka ba sa buɗewa har abada, amma suna toshewa da raƙuman ruwa da iska ta gina. Suna buɗewa na ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan ruwan sama yana sa koguna su tashi su kwarara cikin teku. A wannan lokacin kifayen suna shiga magudanar ruwa kuma suna kasancewa a rufe lokacin da suka sake rufewa. A cikin magudanar ruwa, yara ƙanana suna zaune a cikin gadajen ciyawar eel, wurin zama inda suke samun kariya da wadatar abinci. Kifin yana ci da rana. Abincin babban mutum ya ƙunshi bivalves da crustaceans . Yaron yana kiwo a kan ciyayi. Haƙoransa masu kauri suna taimaka masa wajen tattara abubuwan shuka na ruwa . Shuke-shuken da aka fi cinyewa shine eelgrass ''Zostera capensis'' (syn. ''Nanozostera capensis'' ). Duk da haka, ba ya narke shuke-shuken. Yana narke ƙananan halittun rayuwa da suka makale a kansu, kamar diatoms, bryozoans, <ref name="bla2" /> amphipods, da polychaetes . Misali, diatoms na iya zama kashi 50% na nauyin busasshen abin da kifi ke ci. Bayan shan abubuwan abinci masu amfani, kifi yana fitar da abubuwan shuka marasa narkewa. <ref name="bla2" /> == Manazarta == rjcx3f7phc31vyhovmvvrxrx5kpa54t 863357 863356 2026-06-21T17:10:50Z Engineer014 44591 863357 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Rhabdosargus holubi''''', '''Cape stumpnose''', nau'in kifi ne a cikin dangin seabream, Sparidae . Asalinsa ya fito ne daga kudancin Afirka, inda ake samunsa galibi a gabashin gabar tekun [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . == Tsarin Haraji == An fara bayyana ''Rhabdosargus holubi'' a matsayin ''Sargus holubi'' ta hanyar masanin kimiyyar ichthy na Austria Franz Steindachner, inda aka ba shi irin wurin da ake kira [[Bayar Algoa|Algoa Bay]] a Afirka ta Kudu. An sanya nau'in ''Rhabdosargus'' a cikin dangin Sparidae a cikin jerin Spariformes ta bugu na 5 na ''Fishes of the World'' . Wasu hukumomi sun rarraba wannan nau'in a cikin ƙaramin iyali na Sparinae, <ref name="Parenti">{{Cite journal |last=Parenti, P. |year=2019 |title=An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Sparidae |url=https://fishtaxa.com/menuscript/index.php/ft/article/view/49/52 |journal=FishTaxa |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=47–98}}</ref> amma bugu na 5 na Fishes of the World bai amince da ƙananan iyalai a cikin Sparidae ba. <ref name="Nelson5" /> == Asalin Ma'anar == ''Rhabdosargus holubi'' na cikin halittar ''Rhabdosargus'', sunan da aka sake gyarawa ''rhabdos'', ma'ana "sanda" ko "sanda", ana nufin sargos mai launin rawaya na ciki na ''Sargus auriventris'', nau'insa, zuwa ''Sargos'', sunan da ake amfani da shi don kifin Sparid a tsohuwar Girkanci aƙalla tun zamanin [[Aristotle]] amma a wannan yanayin ana nufin ''Sargus'' a matsayin ma'anar ''Diplodus'' . Sunan musamman, ''holubi'', yana girmama mai tattara nau'in, Emil Holub wanda likita ne na Czech, mai zane-zane da kuma mai nazarin al'adu . <ref name="ETYFish">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Scharpf |date=12 January 2024 |title=Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 6): Families GERREIDAE, LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE |url=https://etyfish.org/acanthuriformes6/ |access-date=17 February 2024 |website=The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database |publisher=Christopher Scharpf}}</ref> == Bayani == ''Rhabdosargus holubi'' yawanci yana kusan {{Cvt|15|cm}} tsayi, amma samfuran {{Cvt|40|cm}}an gani . Kifi ne mai sheƙi na azurfa mai layin zinare daga kai zuwa wutsiya. Fifin bayansa yana da kashin baya 11. Kan yana da santsi kuma bakinsa yana ɗauke da incisors 6 zuwa 8. Incisors na ƙaramin yaro suna da ƙusoshi. == Ilimin halittu == ''Rhabdosargus holubi'' kifi ne na ruwa, wanda manya galibi ke zaune a cikin teku kuma yara ƙanana suna tasowa a cikin magudanar ruwa . Yara ƙanana [[Gudun kifi|suna ƙaura]] zuwa magudanar ruwa kuma galibi suna yin shekararsu ta farko a rayuwa a can. Wasu manya kuma ana iya samun su a magudanar ruwa. Yawancin magudanar ruwa na gabar tekun kudu maso gabashin Afirka ba sa buɗewa har abada, amma suna toshewa da raƙuman ruwa da iska ta gina. Suna buɗewa na ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan ruwan sama yana sa koguna su tashi su kwarara cikin teku. A wannan lokacin kifayen suna shiga magudanar ruwa kuma suna kasancewa a rufe lokacin da suka sake rufewa. A cikin magudanar ruwa, yara ƙanana suna zaune a cikin gadajen ciyawar eel, wurin zama inda suke samun kariya da wadatar abinci. Kifin yana ci da rana. Abincin babban mutum ya ƙunshi bivalves da crustaceans . Yaron yana kiwo a kan ciyayi. Haƙoransa masu kauri suna taimaka masa wajen tattara abubuwan shuka na ruwa . Shuke-shuken da aka fi cinyewa shine eelgrass ''Zostera capensis'' (syn. ''Nanozostera capensis'' ). Duk da haka, ba ya narke shuke-shuken. Yana narke ƙananan halittun rayuwa da suka makale a kansu, kamar diatoms, bryozoans, <ref name="bla2" /> amphipods, da polychaetes . Misali, diatoms na iya zama kashi 50% na nauyin busasshen abin da kifi ke ci. Bayan shan abubuwan abinci masu amfani, kifi yana fitar da abubuwan shuka marasa narkewa. <ref name="bla2" /> == Manazarta == 2nwthfreuda6atpebxh59pytgujtk1n 0 159133 863358 2026-06-21T17:12:04Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354646381|Haploblepharus]]" 863358 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Haploblepharus''''' nau'in kifin shark ne mai zurfi, na dangin Pentanchidae, wanda ke ɗauke da nau'ikan '''kifin shyshark''' guda huɗu. Sunansu na yau da kullun ya fito ne daga wani yanayi na kariya na musamman inda kifin shark ya lanƙwasa ya rufe idanunsa da wutsiyarsa. Wannan nau'in ya shahara a [[kudancin Afirka]], yana zaune a cikin ruwan bakin teku mara zurfi. Duk nau'ikan kifin shark guda huɗu ƙananan kifin shark ne masu ƙarfi tare da manyan kai masu faɗi da kuma hancin zagaye. Ana siffanta su da manyan hanci tare da faɗin fata mai kusurwa uku waɗanda ke isa bakin, da kuma zurfin ramuka tsakanin hanci da baki. Kifin Shyshark suna farautar kifayen ƙashi da marasa ƙashi . Suna da ƙaiƙayi, tare da mata suna yin ƙwai . Waɗannan kifin shark marasa lahani ba su da wani amfani na kasuwanci ko nishaɗi, kodayake ƙarancin rarraba su a cikin ruwan Afirka ta Kudu mai kamun kifi yana da damuwa game da kiyayewa. == Tsarin Halitta da Tsarin Halitta == Masanin dabbobin gida na Amurka Samuel Garman ne ya ƙirƙiri nau'in halittar ''Haploblepharus'' a shekarar 1913, a cikin juzu'i na 36 na littafin ''Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, a Kwalejin Harvard'', don ɗauke da puffadder shyshark, wanda a lokacin aka sani da ''Squalus edwardsii'' . Sunan ya samo asali ne daga ''haplóos'' na Girkanci ma'ana "single", da ''blepharos'' ma'ana "eyelid". A shekarar 1988, Leonard Compagno ya sanya ''Haploblepharus'' tare da ''Halaelurus'' da ''Holohalaelurus'' a cikin ƙabilar Halaelurini ta dangin Scyliorhinidae, bisa ga haruffan siffa. An tabbatar da wannan fassarar ta hanyar nazarin phylogenetic na 2006 bisa ga kwayoyin halittar DNA guda uku na mitochondrial . Duk da haka, wannan binciken ya kuma gano cewa a cikin wannan rukunin ''Haploblepharus'' yana da alaƙa da halittar ''Halaelurus'', wanda bai dace da kasancewar halaye uku na autopomorphic a cikin ''Haploblepharus'' waɗanda ''Halaelurus'' ko ''Holohalaelurus'' ba su raba ba. A cikin halittar, puffadder shyshark ' yar'uwa ce ga duk sauran nau'ikan. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |last2=E.P. Owen |last3=L.J.V. Compagno |last4=E.H. Harley |name-list-style=amp |date=May 2006 |title=Testing morphologically based phylogenetic theories within the cartilaginous fishes with molecular data, with special reference to the catshark family (Chondrichthyes; Scyliorhinidae) and the interrelationships within them |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=384&ndash;391 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.009 |pmid=16293425}}</ref> == Nau'o'i == * ''Haploblepharus edwardsii'' <small>( Schinz, 1822)</small> (puffadder shyshark) * ''Haploblepharus fuscus'' <small>JLB Smith, 1950</small> ( shyshark ruwan kasa ) * ''[[Natal shyshark|Haploblepharus kistnasamyi]]'' <small>[[Brett A. Human|Human]] & Compagno, 2006</small> (Natal shyshark) * ''Haploblepharus pictus'' <small>( JP Müller & Henle, 1838)</small> (Dark shyshark) == Manazarta == ch1yc0rg05kjaz1is6ja4p9x94zhu82 863361 863358 2026-06-21T17:12:31Z Engineer014 44591 863361 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Haploblepharus''''' nau'in kifin shark ne mai zurfi, na dangin Pentanchidae, wanda ke ɗauke da nau'ikan '''kifin shyshark''' guda huɗu. Sunansu na yau da kullun ya fito ne daga wani yanayi na kariya na musamman inda kifin shark ya lanƙwasa ya rufe idanunsa da wutsiyarsa. Wannan nau'in ya shahara a [[kudancin Afirka]], yana zaune a cikin ruwan bakin teku mara zurfi. Duk nau'ikan kifin shark guda huɗu ƙananan kifin shark ne masu ƙarfi tare da manyan kai masu faɗi da kuma hancin zagaye. Ana siffanta su da manyan hanci tare da faɗin fata mai kusurwa uku waɗanda ke isa bakin, da kuma zurfin ramuka tsakanin hanci da baki. Kifin Shyshark suna farautar kifayen ƙashi da marasa ƙashi . Suna da ƙaiƙayi, tare da mata suna yin ƙwai . Waɗannan kifin shark marasa lahani ba su da wani amfani na kasuwanci ko nishaɗi, kodayake ƙarancin rarraba su a cikin ruwan Afirka ta Kudu mai kamun kifi yana da damuwa game da kiyayewa. == Tsarin Halitta da Tsarin Halitta == Masanin dabbobin gida na Amurka Samuel Garman ne ya ƙirƙiri nau'in halittar ''Haploblepharus'' a shekarar 1913, a cikin juzu'i na 36 na littafin ''Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, a Kwalejin Harvard'', don ɗauke da puffadder shyshark, wanda a lokacin aka sani da ''Squalus edwardsii'' . Sunan ya samo asali ne daga ''haplóos'' na Girkanci ma'ana "single", da ''blepharos'' ma'ana "eyelid". A shekarar 1988, Leonard Compagno ya sanya ''Haploblepharus'' tare da ''Halaelurus'' da ''Holohalaelurus'' a cikin ƙabilar Halaelurini ta dangin Scyliorhinidae, bisa ga haruffan siffa. An tabbatar da wannan fassarar ta hanyar nazarin phylogenetic na 2006 bisa ga kwayoyin halittar DNA guda uku na mitochondrial . Duk da haka, wannan binciken ya kuma gano cewa a cikin wannan rukunin ''Haploblepharus'' yana da alaƙa da halittar ''Halaelurus'', wanda bai dace da kasancewar halaye uku na autopomorphic a cikin ''Haploblepharus'' waɗanda ''Halaelurus'' ko ''Holohalaelurus'' ba su raba ba. A cikin halittar, puffadder shyshark ' yar'uwa ce ga duk sauran nau'ikan. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |last2=E.P. Owen |last3=L.J.V. Compagno |last4=E.H. Harley |name-list-style=amp |date=May 2006 |title=Testing morphologically based phylogenetic theories within the cartilaginous fishes with molecular data, with special reference to the catshark family (Chondrichthyes; Scyliorhinidae) and the interrelationships within them |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=384&ndash;391 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.009 |pmid=16293425}}</ref> == Nau'o'i == * ''Haploblepharus edwardsii'' <small>( Schinz, 1822)</small> (puffadder shyshark) * ''Haploblepharus fuscus'' <small>JLB Smith, 1950</small> ( shyshark ruwan kasa ) * ''[[Natal shyshark|Haploblepharus kistnasamyi]]'' <small>[[Brett A. Human|Human]] & Compagno, 2006</small> (Natal shyshark) * ''Haploblepharus pictus'' <small>( JP Müller & Henle, 1838)</small> (Dark shyshark) == Manazarta == 87zq6bdzzt2rkfoafsw1jmu4t6raj3a 0 159134 863362 2026-06-21T17:13:34Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1234375415|Galeichthys trowi]]" 863362 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Galeichthys trowi''''' nau'in kifin catfish ne a cikin dangin Ariidae . [[Cynthia Kulongowski]] ta bayyana shi a shekarar 2010. Kifin catfish ne na ruwa [[Wurare masu zafi (Tropics)|mai zafi]] wanda ke da yawan jama'a a gabar tekun lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|50|cm|in}} . <ref name="fishbase" /> Sunan nau'in " ''trowi'' " yana nufin wani ɗalibi mai suna Eugene Trow Jr., wanda aka ambata yana nazarin kifin Afirka ta Kudu na nau'in ''Galeichthys'' . == Manazarta == 35rdbgaf13asarhtk4gzefhsvxo3vtx 863363 863362 2026-06-21T17:13:58Z Engineer014 44591 863363 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Galeichthys trowi''''' nau'in kifin catfish ne a cikin dangin Ariidae . [[Cynthia Kulongowski]] ta bayyana shi a shekarar 2010. Kifin catfish ne na ruwa [[Wurare masu zafi (Tropics)|mai zafi]] wanda ke da yawan jama'a a gabar tekun lardin KwaZulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|50|cm|in}} . <ref name="fishbase" /> Sunan nau'in " ''trowi'' " yana nufin wani ɗalibi mai suna Eugene Trow Jr., wanda aka ambata yana nazarin kifin Afirka ta Kudu na nau'in ''Galeichthys'' . == Manazarta == dzviiktkhcjsluxau1p6887h1wx64jt 0 159135 863365 2026-06-21T17:16:25Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1315281488|Torquigener marleyi]]" 863365 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Torquigener marleyi''''' nau'in kifi ne na pufferfish a cikin dangin Tetraodontidae . Nau'in kifi ne na ruwa da aka sani kawai daga [[Afirka ta Kudu]], inda yake faruwa kusa da [[Kogin Tugela]] a KwaZulu-Natal . Duk da haka, ingancinsa ba a fayyace ba: FishBase yana ɗaukar wannan nau'in a matsayin ma'anar ''[[Torquigener balteus]]'', yayin da IUCN ke buƙatar ƙarin bincike kan tsarinsa. == Manazarta == bhce35kvs2v7d2s8y6m1bunpvsfxcdt 863366 863365 2026-06-21T17:16:46Z Engineer014 44591 863366 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Torquigener marleyi''''' nau'in kifi ne na pufferfish a cikin dangin Tetraodontidae . Nau'in kifi ne na ruwa da aka sani kawai daga [[Afirka ta Kudu]], inda yake faruwa kusa da [[Kogin Tugela]] a KwaZulu-Natal . Duk da haka, ingancinsa ba a fayyace ba: FishBase yana ɗaukar wannan nau'in a matsayin ma'anar ''[[Torquigener balteus]]'', yayin da IUCN ke buƙatar ƙarin bincike kan tsarinsa. == Manazarta == 29gnvst0ovy8ocoq9289dzj21f20f2s 0 159136 863367 2026-06-21T17:17:33Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1313423307|Batrichthys albofasciatus]]" 863367 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Batrichthys albofasciatus''''', wanda aka fi sani da '''farin kifin toadfish''', nau'in kifi ne a cikin dangin Batrachoidae . An san shi daga samfura biyu kacal, waɗanda aka tattara daga ruwan [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . == Taxonomy da tarihi == Masanin ilimin halittar halittu na Afirka ta Kudu James Leonard Brierley Smith ya bayyana ''Batrichthys albofasciatus'' a shekarar 1934 a matsayin nau'in sabon nau'in halittar ''Batrichthys'' . <ref name="Smith">{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=J. L. B. |author-link=J. L. B. Smith |year=1934 |title=Marine fishes of seven genera new to South Africa |journal=[[Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa]] |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=89–100 |bibcode=1934TRSSA..22...89S |doi=10.1080/00359193409519332}}</ref> <ref name="WestInd">{{Cite book|edition=Elaine|url-access=Holleman|oclc=Randall}}</ref> Bayanin ya dogara ne akan wani samfurin holotype guda ɗaya wanda ya watse a bakin teku a [[Great Fish Point]] a lardin Eastern Cape bayan guguwa. <ref name="Smith" /> Ba za a sake yin rikodin wannan nau'in ba sai a shekarar 1988, lokacin da aka tattara wani samfurin na biyu daga Hluleka, shi ma a lardin Eastern Cape. Ba a san wasu bayanan ba. <ref name="WestInd" /> == Bayani == ''Batrichthys albofasciatus'' kifi ne mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai duhu a jiki, kai, da kuma fin. Yana da layuka uku na gefe, kuma rabin bayan jiki yana da jerin sandunan fari masu tsayi. <ref name="Smith" /> <ref name="WestInd" /> Fifin bayan yana da kashin baya masu ƙarfi guda uku waɗanda ba su da glandar guba da haskoki goma sha tara. Fifin dubura yana da haskoki goma sha huɗu amma babu kashin baya, kuma kowane fin na pectoral yana da haskoki ashirin. <ref name="WestInd" /> == Manazarta == 320bo27tzxchew68lomsspn8w9wk4wh 863368 863367 2026-06-21T17:17:55Z Engineer014 44591 863368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Batrichthys albofasciatus''''', wanda aka fi sani da '''farin kifin toadfish''', nau'in kifi ne a cikin dangin Batrachoidae . An san shi daga samfura biyu kacal, waɗanda aka tattara daga ruwan [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . == Taxonomy da tarihi == Masanin ilimin halittar halittu na Afirka ta Kudu James Leonard Brierley Smith ya bayyana ''Batrichthys albofasciatus'' a shekarar 1934 a matsayin nau'in sabon nau'in halittar ''Batrichthys'' . <ref name="Smith">{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=J. L. B. |author-link=J. L. B. Smith |year=1934 |title=Marine fishes of seven genera new to South Africa |journal=[[Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa]] |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=89–100 |bibcode=1934TRSSA..22...89S |doi=10.1080/00359193409519332}}</ref> <ref name="WestInd">{{Cite book|edition=Elaine|url-access=Holleman|oclc=Randall}}</ref> Bayanin ya dogara ne akan wani samfurin holotype guda ɗaya wanda ya watse a bakin teku a [[Great Fish Point]] a lardin Eastern Cape bayan guguwa. <ref name="Smith" /> Ba za a sake yin rikodin wannan nau'in ba sai a shekarar 1988, lokacin da aka tattara wani samfurin na biyu daga Hluleka, shi ma a lardin Eastern Cape. Ba a san wasu bayanan ba. <ref name="WestInd" /> == Bayani == ''Batrichthys albofasciatus'' kifi ne mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai launin fata mai duhu a jiki, kai, da kuma fin. Yana da layuka uku na gefe, kuma rabin bayan jiki yana da jerin sandunan fari masu tsayi. <ref name="Smith" /> <ref name="WestInd" /> Fifin bayan yana da kashin baya masu ƙarfi guda uku waɗanda ba su da glandar guba da haskoki goma sha tara. Fifin dubura yana da haskoki goma sha huɗu amma babu kashin baya, kuma kowane fin na pectoral yana da haskoki ashirin. <ref name="WestInd" /> == Manazarta == 86x865v822to532o612opxrm18ablad 0 159137 863378 2026-06-21T17:27:34Z Abdurra'uf 23412 sabon muqala 863378 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Aurélio''' == Manazarta == 96pds8h4vjk74qdxzolc0zd5vy7vl5x 863379 863378 2026-06-21T17:28:45Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863379 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio''' an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Manazarta == mp578jlwlypi7tc789dkiwo2inojsxp 863380 863379 2026-06-21T17:29:10Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863380 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Manazarta == lxg8retwd60gm8k1nu07bvnrrffrvdn 863381 863380 2026-06-21T17:29:51Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka sashe 863381 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == == Manazarta == ftfvoukxsoqo8d4aw064itxfnh2ng55 863382 863381 2026-06-21T17:30:27Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863382 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko. == Manazarta == 359jfgmzfdrapgoh14y37bphe1npyy9 863383 863382 2026-06-21T17:31:12Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa a ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, inda ya buga rabin farko na wasan da suka tashi 2-2 a gida da FC Porto B. Ya zura kwallaye takwas mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta riƙe matsayinta na baya-bayan nan cikin sauƙi; manyan abubuwan da suka fi burgewa sun haɗa da kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke S.C. Braga B da ci 3-0 a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2013. == Manazarta == 60ccfany90j6342v1nfm8pz9uvsrbst 863384 863383 2026-06-21T17:32:27Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863384 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa a ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, inda ya buga rabin farko na wasan da suka tashi 2-2 a gida da FC Porto B. Ya zura kwallaye takwas mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta riƙe matsayinta na baya-bayan nan cikin sauƙi; manyan abubuwan da suka fi burgewa sun haɗa da kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke S.C. Braga B da ci 3-0 a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2013. A kakar wasa ta 2013, Aurélio ya koma Moreirense wanda yanzu ya fafata a rukuni na biyu. Ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 19 da ya fara a shekararsa ta farko, a lokacin da ya koma Primeira Liga bayan ya yi rashin nasara a shekara daya. == Manazarta == 3dp5tzarr6zy76krzk6ej8qos3hyf8g 863385 863384 2026-06-21T17:33:09Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa a ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, inda ya buga rabin farko na wasan da suka tashi 2-2 a gida da FC Porto B. Ya zura kwallaye takwas mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta riƙe matsayinta na baya-bayan nan cikin sauƙi; manyan abubuwan da suka fi burgewa sun haɗa da kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke S.C. Braga B da ci 3-0 a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2013. A kakar wasa ta 2013, Aurélio ya koma Moreirense wanda yanzu ya fafata a rukuni na biyu. Ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 19 da ya fara a shekararsa ta farko, a lokacin da ya koma Primeira Liga bayan ya yi rashin nasara a shekara daya. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a babban kulob din Portugal a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2014, lokacin da ya buga wasa a matsayin wanda aka maye gurbinsa a minti na 68 a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun S.L. Benfica da ci 3-1. Wasan zai kasance daya daga cikin wasanni biyu kacal da kungiyar Guimarães za ta buga, kamar yadda a watan Janairun 2015 ya tafi ya sanya hannu da C.D. Nacional. == Manazarta == ot9g5yqfzzpc3cq1e9tg3cl6bghpt4c 863386 863385 2026-06-21T17:34:06Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa a ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, inda ya buga rabin farko na wasan da suka tashi 2-2 a gida da FC Porto B. Ya zura kwallaye takwas mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta riƙe matsayinta na baya-bayan nan cikin sauƙi; manyan abubuwan da suka fi burgewa sun haɗa da kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke S.C. Braga B da ci 3-0 a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2013. A kakar wasa ta 2013, Aurélio ya koma Moreirense wanda yanzu ya fafata a rukuni na biyu. Ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 19 da ya fara a shekararsa ta farko, a lokacin da ya koma Primeira Liga bayan ya yi rashin nasara a shekara daya. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a babban kulob din Portugal a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2014, lokacin da ya buga wasa a matsayin wanda aka maye gurbinsa a minti na 68 a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun S.L. Benfica da ci 3-1. Wasan zai kasance daya daga cikin wasanni biyu kacal da kungiyar Guimarães za ta buga, kamar yadda a watan Janairun 2015 ya tafi ya sanya hannu da C.D. Nacional. A kakar wasa ta farko da ya buga a Madeira, Aurélio ya zira kwallaye uku daga wasanni 28, wanda ya taimaka wajen kammala matsayi na 11. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, dan wasan da ba shi da 'yanci ya koma C.D. Feirense shi ma a babban rukuni. Aurélio ya shafe shekaru masu zuwa a gasar Romanian Liga ta daya, tare da CS Gaz Metan Mediaș da CFR Cluj. == Manazarta == ixywzuk3l81rvhpvttq7ohe29gutgcx 863387 863386 2026-06-21T17:35:31Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa a ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, inda ya buga rabin farko na wasan da suka tashi 2-2 a gida da FC Porto B. Ya zura kwallaye takwas mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta riƙe matsayinta na baya-bayan nan cikin sauƙi; manyan abubuwan da suka fi burgewa sun haɗa da kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke S.C. Braga B da ci 3-0 a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2013. A kakar wasa ta 2013, Aurélio ya koma Moreirense wanda yanzu ya fafata a rukuni na biyu. Ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 19 da ya fara a shekararsa ta farko, a lokacin da ya koma Primeira Liga bayan ya yi rashin nasara a shekara daya. [[Aurélio]] ya fara buga wasa a babban kulob din Portugal a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2014, lokacin da ya buga wasa a matsayin wanda aka maye gurbinsa a minti na 68 a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun S.L. Benfica da ci 3-1. Wasan zai kasance daya daga cikin wasanni biyu kacal da kungiyar Guimarães za ta buga, kamar yadda a watan Janairun 2015 ya tafi ya sanya hannu da C.D. Nacional. A kakar wasa ta farko da ya buga a Madeira, Aurélio ya zira kwallaye uku daga wasanni 28, wanda ya taimaka wajen kammala matsayi na 11. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, dan wasan da ba shi da 'yanci ya koma C.D. Feirense shi ma a babban rukuni. Aurélio ya shafe shekaru masu zuwa a gasar Romanian Liga ta daya, tare da CS Gaz Metan Mediaș da CFR Cluj. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == == Manazarta == tlfsdxur7qkku0wiluta3gp9sqnb2fr 863388 863387 2026-06-21T17:37:06Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863388 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa a ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, inda ya buga rabin farko na wasan da suka tashi 2-2 a gida da FC Porto B. Ya zura kwallaye takwas mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta riƙe matsayinta na baya-bayan nan cikin sauƙi; manyan abubuwan da suka fi burgewa sun haɗa da kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke S.C. Braga B da ci 3-0 a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2013. A kakar wasa ta 2013, Aurélio ya koma Moreirense wanda yanzu ya fafata a rukuni na biyu. Ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 19 da ya fara a shekararsa ta farko, a lokacin da ya koma Primeira Liga bayan ya yi rashin nasara a shekara daya. [[Aurélio]] ya fara buga wasa a babban kulob din Portugal a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2014, lokacin da ya buga wasa a matsayin wanda aka maye gurbinsa a minti na 68 a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun S.L. Benfica da ci 3-1. Wasan zai kasance daya daga cikin wasanni biyu kacal da kungiyar Guimarães za ta buga, kamar yadda a watan Janairun 2015 ya tafi ya sanya hannu da C.D. Nacional. A kakar wasa ta farko da ya buga a Madeira, Aurélio ya zira kwallaye uku daga wasanni 28, wanda ya taimaka wajen kammala matsayi na 11. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, dan wasan da ba shi da 'yanci ya koma C.D. Feirense shi ma a babban rukuni. Aurélio ya shafe shekaru masu zuwa a gasar Romanian Liga ta daya, tare da CS Gaz Metan Mediaș da CFR Cluj. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A watan Afrilun 2009, lokacin da yake Santana, manaja Rui Caçador ya kira Aurélio zuwa ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 ta [[Portugal]]. Duk da haka, bai taɓa cin korafe-korafe a kowane mataki ba. == Rayuwar Kansa/sirri == == Manazarta == mlazkljz85lk614lpvqow2ribb14w6c 863389 863388 2026-06-21T17:37:49Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa a ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, inda ya buga rabin farko na wasan da suka tashi 2-2 a gida da FC Porto B. Ya zura kwallaye takwas mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta riƙe matsayinta na baya-bayan nan cikin sauƙi; manyan abubuwan da suka fi burgewa sun haɗa da kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke S.C. Braga B da ci 3-0 a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2013. A kakar wasa ta 2013, Aurélio ya koma Moreirense wanda yanzu ya fafata a rukuni na biyu. Ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 19 da ya fara a shekararsa ta farko, a lokacin da ya koma Primeira Liga bayan ya yi rashin nasara a shekara daya. [[Aurélio]] ya fara buga wasa a babban kulob din Portugal a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2014, lokacin da ya buga wasa a matsayin wanda aka maye gurbinsa a minti na 68 a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun S.L. Benfica da ci 3-1. Wasan zai kasance daya daga cikin wasanni biyu kacal da kungiyar Guimarães za ta buga, kamar yadda a watan Janairun 2015 ya tafi ya sanya hannu da C.D. Nacional. A kakar wasa ta farko da ya buga a Madeira, Aurélio ya zira kwallaye uku daga wasanni 28, wanda ya taimaka wajen kammala matsayi na 11. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, dan wasan da ba shi da 'yanci ya koma C.D. Feirense shi ma a babban rukuni. Aurélio ya shafe shekaru masu zuwa a gasar Romanian Liga ta daya, tare da CS Gaz Metan Mediaș da CFR Cluj. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A watan Afrilun 2009, lokacin da yake Santana, manaja Rui Caçador ya kira Aurélio zuwa ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 ta [[Portugal]]. Duk da haka, bai taɓa cin korafe-korafe a kowane mataki ba. == Rayuwar Kansa/sirri == Tagwayen ɗan'uwan Aurélio, João, shi ma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma ɗan wasan tsakiya. Ya buga mafi yawan aikinsa tare da Nacional, inda suka yi ƙungiyoyi daban-daban. == Manazarta == c7vxdwrng789q1k91k1rtujy885b4hq 863390 863389 2026-06-21T17:39:03Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa a ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, inda ya buga rabin farko na wasan da suka tashi 2-2 a gida da FC Porto B. Ya zura kwallaye takwas mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta riƙe matsayinta na baya-bayan nan cikin sauƙi; manyan abubuwan da suka fi burgewa sun haɗa da kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke S.C. Braga B da ci 3-0 a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2013. A kakar wasa ta 2013, Aurélio ya koma Moreirense wanda yanzu ya fafata a rukuni na biyu. Ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 19 da ya fara a shekararsa ta farko, a lokacin da ya koma Primeira Liga bayan ya yi rashin nasara a shekara daya. [[Aurélio]] ya fara buga wasa a babban kulob din Portugal a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2014, lokacin da ya buga wasa a matsayin wanda aka maye gurbinsa a minti na 68 a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun S.L. Benfica da ci 3-1. Wasan zai kasance daya daga cikin wasanni biyu kacal da kungiyar Guimarães za ta buga, kamar yadda a watan Janairun 2015 ya tafi ya sanya hannu da C.D. Nacional. A kakar wasa ta farko da ya buga a Madeira, Aurélio ya zira kwallaye uku daga wasanni 28, wanda ya taimaka wajen kammala matsayi na 11. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, dan wasan da ba shi da 'yanci ya koma C.D. Feirense shi ma a babban rukuni. Aurélio ya shafe shekaru masu zuwa a gasar Romanian Liga ta daya, tare da CS Gaz Metan Mediaș da CFR Cluj. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A watan Afrilun 2009, lokacin da yake Santana, manaja Rui Caçador ya kira Aurélio zuwa ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 ta [[Portugal]]. Duk da haka, bai taɓa cin korafe-korafe a kowane mataki ba. == Rayuwar Kansa/sirri == Tagwayen ɗan'uwan Aurélio, João, shi ma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma ɗan wasan tsakiya. Ya buga mafi yawan aikinsa tare da Nacional, inda suka yi ƙungiyoyi daban-daban. == Daraja/Karramawa == == Manazarta == l9b4sds7a0ua4qr3zer9nu1fmh8622o 863391 863390 2026-06-21T17:39:25Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense. == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko. Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa a ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, inda ya buga rabin farko na wasan da suka tashi 2-2 a gida da FC Porto B. Ya zura kwallaye takwas mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta riƙe matsayinta na baya-bayan nan cikin sauƙi; manyan abubuwan da suka fi burgewa sun haɗa da kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke S.C. Braga B da ci 3-0 a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2013. A kakar wasa ta 2013, Aurélio ya koma Moreirense wanda yanzu ya fafata a rukuni na biyu. Ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 19 da ya fara a shekararsa ta farko, a lokacin da ya koma Primeira Liga bayan ya yi rashin nasara a shekara daya. [[Aurélio]] ya fara buga wasa a babban kulob din Portugal a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2014, lokacin da ya buga wasa a matsayin wanda aka maye gurbinsa a minti na 68 a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun S.L. Benfica da ci 3-1. Wasan zai kasance daya daga cikin wasanni biyu kacal da kungiyar Guimarães za ta buga, kamar yadda a watan Janairun 2015 ya tafi ya sanya hannu da C.D. Nacional. A kakar wasa ta farko da ya buga a Madeira, Aurélio ya zira kwallaye uku daga wasanni 28, wanda ya taimaka wajen kammala matsayi na 11. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, dan wasan da ba shi da 'yanci ya koma C.D. Feirense shi ma a babban rukuni. Aurélio ya shafe shekaru masu zuwa a gasar Romanian Liga ta daya, tare da CS Gaz Metan Mediaș da CFR Cluj. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A watan Afrilun 2009, lokacin da yake Santana, manaja Rui Caçador ya kira Aurélio zuwa ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 ta [[Portugal]]. Duk da haka, bai taɓa cin korafe-korafe a kowane mataki ba. == Rayuwar Kansa/sirri == Tagwayen ɗan'uwan Aurélio, João, shi ma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma ɗan wasan tsakiya. Ya buga mafi yawan aikinsa tare da Nacional, inda suka yi ƙungiyoyi daban-daban. == Daraja/Karramawa == '''Moreirense''' *[[Liga Portugal 2|Segunda Liga]]: [[2013–14 Segunda Liga|2013–14]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ojogo.pt/futebol/2a-liga/noticias/moreirense-conquista-segundo-titulo-3856788.html|title=Moreirense conquista segundo título|trans-title=Moreirense conquer second title|newspaper=[[O Jogo]]|language=pt|date=11 May 2014|access-date=3 October 2023}}</ref> '''CFR Cluj''' *[[Liga I]]: [[2019–20 Liga I|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Liga I|2020–21]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sjogadores.pt/?pt=news&op=OP_SHOW_DETAIL&id=11450|title=Luís Aurélio sagra-se campeão da Roménia|trans-title=Luís Aurélio crowned Romanian champion|publisher=Sindicato dos Jogadores|language=pt|date=19 May 2021|access-date=3 October 2023}}</ref> == Manazarta == qtnw9jsqyqfu5lnv6r54lm2bmf7q9rp 863392 863391 2026-06-21T17:41:23Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Luís Miguel Coimbra Aurélio'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Aur%C3%A9lio</ref> an haife shi 17 ga Agusta 1988 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Portugal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na FC Castrense.<ref>https://maisfutebol.iol.pt/luis-aurelio/nacional/1577-0-18958</ref><ref>https://maisfutebol.iol.pt/olhanense-luis-aurelio-chega-do-tondela-por-duas-epocas</ref> == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a Beja, Aurélio ya buga shekarunsa na farko a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a ƙananan lig, ya fara da FC Castrense a gasar zakarun yankuna a lokacin, wanda ya wakilci U.D. Santana, Moreirense FC, Atlético S.C. da C.D. Tondela a rukuni na uku. A kakar wasa ta 2011-12, tare da ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe, ya ba da gudummawa wasanni 23 da ƙwallo ɗaya yayin da ta haura zuwa matakin na biyu a karon farko.<ref>http://www.maisfutebol.iol.pt/transferencias/liga/feirense-luis-aurelio-e-o-terceiro-reforco</ref><ref>https://www.publico.pt/2016/01/06/desporto/noticia/nacional-esteve-duas-vezes-a-vencer-mas-consentiu-o-empate-1719412</ref> Aurélio ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa a ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, inda ya buga rabin farko na wasan da suka tashi 2-2 a gida da FC Porto B. Ya zura kwallaye takwas mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa a wannan kakar, wanda hakan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta riƙe matsayinta na baya-bayan nan cikin sauƙi; manyan abubuwan da suka fi burgewa sun haɗa da kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke S.C. Braga B da ci 3-0 a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2013.<ref>https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/liga-1/cfr-cluj-i-a-luat-pe-mario-rondon-si-luis-aurelio-de-la-gaz-metan-568127.html</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2013, Aurélio ya koma Moreirense wanda yanzu ya fafata a rukuni na biyu. Ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasanni 19 da ya fara a shekararsa ta farko, a lokacin da ya koma Primeira Liga bayan ya yi rashin nasara a shekara daya.<ref>http://relvado.aeiou.pt/benfica/benfica-moreirense-equipas-iniciais-499867</ref> [[Aurélio]] ya fara buga wasa a babban kulob din Portugal a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 2014, lokacin da ya buga wasa a matsayin wanda aka maye gurbinsa a minti na 68 a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun S.L. Benfica da ci 3-1. Wasan zai kasance daya daga cikin wasanni biyu kacal da kungiyar Guimarães za ta buga, kamar yadda a watan Janairun 2015 ya tafi ya sanya hannu da C.D. Nacional. A kakar wasa ta farko da ya buga a Madeira, Aurélio ya zira kwallaye uku daga wasanni 28, wanda ya taimaka wajen kammala matsayi na 11. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, dan wasan da ba shi da 'yanci ya koma C.D. Feirense shi ma a babban rukuni. Aurélio ya shafe shekaru masu zuwa a gasar Romanian Liga ta daya, tare da CS Gaz Metan Mediaș da CFR Cluj. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == A watan Afrilun 2009, lokacin da yake Santana, manaja Rui Caçador ya kira Aurélio zuwa ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 ta [[Portugal]]. Duk da haka, bai taɓa cin korafe-korafe a kowane mataki ba. == Rayuwar Kansa/sirri == Tagwayen ɗan'uwan Aurélio, João, shi ma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma ɗan wasan tsakiya. Ya buga mafi yawan aikinsa tare da Nacional, inda suka yi ƙungiyoyi daban-daban. == Daraja/Karramawa == '''Moreirense''' *[[Liga Portugal 2|Segunda Liga]]: [[2013–14 Segunda Liga|2013–14]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ojogo.pt/futebol/2a-liga/noticias/moreirense-conquista-segundo-titulo-3856788.html|title=Moreirense conquista segundo título|trans-title=Moreirense conquer second title|newspaper=[[O Jogo]]|language=pt|date=11 May 2014|access-date=3 October 2023}}</ref> '''CFR Cluj''' *[[Liga I]]: [[2019–20 Liga I|2019–20]], [[2020–21 Liga I|2020–21]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sjogadores.pt/?pt=news&op=OP_SHOW_DETAIL&id=11450|title=Luís Aurélio sagra-se campeão da Roménia|trans-title=Luís Aurélio crowned Romanian champion|publisher=Sindicato dos Jogadores|language=pt|date=19 May 2021|access-date=3 October 2023}}</ref> == Manazarta == rxs3dvkei86um8r5anvgg14okgktb1g 0 159138 863394 2026-06-21T17:46:30Z Abdurra'uf 23412 sabon muqala 863394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delano Ladan'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Ladan</ref> == Manazarta == 3yxqp9mbrw7a94gnnsfylpfgkvrnrrt 863395 863394 2026-06-21T17:47:04Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delano Ladan'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Ladan</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2000) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta Koninklijke HFC. == Manazarta == p6s75e85ww1yi8o1gbdsmle40n1nt4q 863396 863395 2026-06-21T17:48:36Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delano Ladan'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Ladan</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2000) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta Koninklijke HFC. == Aikin kulob == Ladan ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta ADO Den Haag a shekarar 2013 kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar farko a lokacin bazara na 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasa a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2017, a wasan gida da Utrecht, wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 3-0. Ladan ya shigo wasa ne a madadin Donny Gorter a minti na 78. Ya buga wasanni huɗu a ADO a kakar wasa ta 2017-18. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss. Galibi a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wannan kakar, ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko ta ƙwararru wadda ta tabbatar da nasarar TOP a kan Jong Utrecht da ci 2-1 a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2018. == Manazarta == s86su5jezwafohy61d85z8wcqbeoyoq 863397 863396 2026-06-21T17:49:06Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delano Ladan'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Ladan</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2000) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta Koninklijke HFC. == Aikin kulob == Ladan ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta ADO Den Haag a shekarar 2013 kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar farko a lokacin bazara na 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasa a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2017, a wasan gida da Utrecht, wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 3-0. Ladan ya shigo wasa ne a madadin Donny Gorter a minti na 78. Ya buga wasanni huɗu a ADO a kakar wasa ta 2017-18. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss. Galibi a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wannan kakar, ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko ta ƙwararru wadda ta tabbatar da nasarar TOP a kan Jong Utrecht da ci 2-1 a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2018. A watan Agusta na 2019, an dakatar da kwangilarsa da ADO, kuma ya koma Cambuur. A kakar wasa ta 2019-20, Ladan ya zura kwallaye uku a karon farko, inda ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke GOES da ci 5-0 a waje a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin KNVB. == Manazarta == ov1yda862f6aj8vh9xjlwafmrandr9r 863398 863397 2026-06-21T17:49:53Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delano Ladan'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Ladan</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2000) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta Koninklijke HFC. == Aikin kulob == Ladan ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta ADO Den Haag a shekarar 2013 kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar farko a lokacin bazara na 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasa a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2017, a wasan gida da Utrecht, wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 3-0. Ladan ya shigo wasa ne a madadin Donny Gorter a minti na 78. Ya buga wasanni huɗu a ADO a kakar wasa ta 2017-18. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss. Galibi a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wannan kakar, ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko ta ƙwararru wadda ta tabbatar da nasarar TOP a kan Jong Utrecht da ci 2-1 a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2018. A watan Agusta na 2019, an dakatar da kwangilarsa da ADO, kuma ya koma Cambuur. A kakar wasa ta 2019-20, Ladan ya zura kwallaye uku a karon farko, inda ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke GOES da ci 5-0 a waje a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin KNVB. A watan Oktoban 2021, Ladan ya koma ƙungiyar Feyenoord ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, inda ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar matasa. A ranar 8 ga Janairun 2022, ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko ta Feyenoord a wasan sada zumunci da PEC Zwolle, inda ya zura ƙwallo nan take. == Manazarta == 5xn3u8vugybrv4wtvvxfmpz84t2fezl 863399 863398 2026-06-21T17:52:48Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delano Ladan'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Ladan</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2000) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta Koninklijke HFC. == Aikin kulob == Ladan ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta ADO Den Haag a shekarar 2013 kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar farko a lokacin bazara na 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasa a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2017, a wasan gida da Utrecht, wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 3-0. Ladan ya shigo wasa ne a madadin Donny Gorter a minti na 78. Ya buga wasanni huɗu a ADO a kakar wasa ta 2017-18. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss. Galibi a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wannan kakar, ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko ta ƙwararru wadda ta tabbatar da nasarar TOP a kan Jong Utrecht da ci 2-1 a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2018. A watan Agusta na 2019, an dakatar da kwangilarsa da ADO, kuma ya koma Cambuur. A kakar wasa ta 2019-20, Ladan ya zura kwallaye uku a karon farko, inda ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke GOES da ci 5-0 a waje a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin KNVB. A watan Oktoban 2021, Ladan ya koma ƙungiyar Feyenoord ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, inda ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar matasa. A ranar 8 ga Janairun 2022, ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko ta Feyenoord a wasan sada zumunci da PEC Zwolle, inda ya zura ƙwallo nan take. A ranar 24 ga Yuni 2022, Ladan ya sake komawa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss; wa'adinsa na biyu a ƙungiyar bayan ya samu nasarar aro a kakar wasa ta 2018-19. Bayan ya zura kwallaye uku a wasanni 47 a ƙungiyar TOP, ya bar ƙungiyar a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2023-24. A ranar 28 ga Janairu 2025, Ladan ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da rabi tare da ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie Koninklijke HFC. == Rayuwa ta sirri == == Manazarta == 8qha5g7k0wnd6hdjllpym297usiso3v 863400 863399 2026-06-21T17:53:56Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delano Ladan'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Ladan</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2000) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta Koninklijke HFC. == Aikin kulob == Ladan ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta ADO Den Haag a shekarar 2013 kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar farko a lokacin bazara na 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasa a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2017, a wasan gida da Utrecht, wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 3-0. Ladan ya shigo wasa ne a madadin Donny Gorter a minti na 78. Ya buga wasanni huɗu a ADO a kakar wasa ta 2017-18. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss. Galibi a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wannan kakar, ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko ta ƙwararru wadda ta tabbatar da nasarar TOP a kan Jong Utrecht da ci 2-1 a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2018. A watan Agusta na 2019, an dakatar da kwangilarsa da ADO, kuma ya koma Cambuur. A kakar wasa ta 2019-20, Ladan ya zura kwallaye uku a karon farko, inda ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke GOES da ci 5-0 a waje a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin KNVB. A watan Oktoban 2021, Ladan ya koma ƙungiyar Feyenoord ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, inda ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar matasa. A ranar 8 ga Janairun 2022, ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko ta Feyenoord a wasan sada zumunci da PEC Zwolle, inda ya zura ƙwallo nan take. A ranar 24 ga Yuni 2022, Ladan ya sake komawa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss; wa'adinsa na biyu a ƙungiyar bayan ya samu nasarar aro a kakar wasa ta 2018-19. Bayan ya zura kwallaye uku a wasanni 47 a ƙungiyar TOP, ya bar ƙungiyar a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2023-24. A ranar 28 ga Janairu 2025, Ladan ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da rabi tare da ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie Koninklijke HFC. == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Ladan a ƙasar Netherlands, kuma asalin ƙasar Indonesiya ne. == Ƙididdigar aiki == == Manazarta == dtxo5l67mml67x668nfc26vz5gxcda2 863401 863400 2026-06-21T17:54:42Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delano Ladan'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Ladan</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2000) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta Koninklijke HFC. == Aikin kulob == Ladan ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta ADO Den Haag a shekarar 2013 kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar farko a lokacin bazara na 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasa a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2017, a wasan gida da Utrecht, wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 3-0. Ladan ya shigo wasa ne a madadin Donny Gorter a minti na 78. Ya buga wasanni huɗu a ADO a kakar wasa ta 2017-18. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss. Galibi a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wannan kakar, ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko ta ƙwararru wadda ta tabbatar da nasarar TOP a kan Jong Utrecht da ci 2-1 a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2018. A watan Agusta na 2019, an dakatar da kwangilarsa da ADO, kuma ya koma Cambuur. A kakar wasa ta 2019-20, Ladan ya zura kwallaye uku a karon farko, inda ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke GOES da ci 5-0 a waje a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin KNVB. A watan Oktoban 2021, Ladan ya koma ƙungiyar Feyenoord ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, inda ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar matasa. A ranar 8 ga Janairun 2022, ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko ta Feyenoord a wasan sada zumunci da PEC Zwolle, inda ya zura ƙwallo nan take. A ranar 24 ga Yuni 2022, Ladan ya sake komawa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss; wa'adinsa na biyu a ƙungiyar bayan ya samu nasarar aro a kakar wasa ta 2018-19. Bayan ya zura kwallaye uku a wasanni 47 a ƙungiyar TOP, ya bar ƙungiyar a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2023-24. A ranar 28 ga Janairu 2025, Ladan ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da rabi tare da ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie Koninklijke HFC. == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Ladan a ƙasar Netherlands, kuma asalin ƙasar Indonesiya ne. == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{updated|match played 13 December 2025}}<ref name="WF" /> {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !colspan="3"|League !colspan="2"|[[KNVB Cup]] !colspan="2"|Other !colspan="2"|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[ADO Den Haag]] |[[2017–18 Eredivisie|2017–18]] |[[Eredivisie]] |4||0||0||0||colspan="2"|—||4||0 |- |[[TOP Oss]] (loan) |[[2018–19 Eerste Divisie|2018–19]] |[[Eerste Divisie]] |27||1||2||0||2{{efn|name=PO|Appearances in [[Eredivisie]] promotion/relegation playoffs}}||0||31||1 |- |rowspan="3"|[[SC Cambuur|Cambuur]] |[[2019–20 Eerste Divisie|2019–20]] |Eerste Divisie |14||1||2||3||colspan="2"|—||16||4 |- |[[2020–21 Eerste Divisie|2020–21]] |Eerste Divisie |9||0||1||0||colspan="2"|—||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !23!!1!!3!!3!!colspan="2"|—!!26!!4 |- |rowspan="3"|TOP Oss |[[2022–23 Eerste Divisie|2022–23]] |Eerste Divisie |15||0||1||0||colspan="2"|—||16||0 |- |[[2023–24 TOP Oss season|2023–24]] |Eerste Divisie |30||3||1||0||colspan="2"|—||31||3 |- !colspan="2"|Total !45!!3!!2!!0!!colspan="2"|—!!47!!3 |- |rowspan="2"|[[Koninklijke HFC]] |[[2024–25 Tweede Divisie|2024–25]] |[[Tweede Divisie]] |13||4||0||0||colspan="2"|—||13||4 |- |[[2025–26 Tweede Divisie|2025–26]] |Tweede Divisie |17||2||0||0||colspan="2"|—||17||2 |- !colspan="3"|Career total !129!!11!!7!!3!!2!!0!!138!!14 |} {{notelist}} == Manazarta == o1eullw0bwz58s2seojre4pybsxcj13 863402 863401 2026-06-21T17:55:38Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delano Ladan'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Ladan</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2000) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta Koninklijke HFC. == Aikin kulob == Ladan ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta ADO Den Haag a shekarar 2013 kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar farko a lokacin bazara na 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasa a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2017, a wasan gida da Utrecht, wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 3-0. Ladan ya shigo wasa ne a madadin Donny Gorter a minti na 78. Ya buga wasanni huɗu a ADO a kakar wasa ta 2017-18. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss. Galibi a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wannan kakar, ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko ta ƙwararru wadda ta tabbatar da nasarar TOP a kan Jong Utrecht da ci 2-1 a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2018. A watan Agusta na 2019, an dakatar da kwangilarsa da ADO, kuma ya koma Cambuur. A kakar wasa ta 2019-20, Ladan ya zura kwallaye uku a karon farko, inda ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke GOES da ci 5-0 a waje a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin KNVB. A watan Oktoban 2021, Ladan ya koma ƙungiyar Feyenoord ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, inda ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar matasa. A ranar 8 ga Janairun 2022, ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko ta Feyenoord a wasan sada zumunci da PEC Zwolle, inda ya zura ƙwallo nan take. A ranar 24 ga Yuni 2022, Ladan ya sake komawa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss; wa'adinsa na biyu a ƙungiyar bayan ya samu nasarar aro a kakar wasa ta 2018-19. Bayan ya zura kwallaye uku a wasanni 47 a ƙungiyar TOP, ya bar ƙungiyar a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2023-24. A ranar 28 ga Janairu 2025, Ladan ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da rabi tare da ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie Koninklijke HFC. == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Ladan a ƙasar Netherlands, kuma asalin ƙasar Indonesiya ne. == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{updated|match played 13 December 2025}}<ref name="WF" /> {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !colspan="3"|League !colspan="2"|[[KNVB Cup]] !colspan="2"|Other !colspan="2"|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[ADO Den Haag]] |[[2017–18 Eredivisie|2017–18]] |[[Eredivisie]] |4||0||0||0||colspan="2"|—||4||0 |- |[[TOP Oss]] (loan) |[[2018–19 Eerste Divisie|2018–19]] |[[Eerste Divisie]] |27||1||2||0||2{{efn|name=PO|Appearances in [[Eredivisie]] promotion/relegation playoffs}}||0||31||1 |- |rowspan="3"|[[SC Cambuur|Cambuur]] |[[2019–20 Eerste Divisie|2019–20]] |Eerste Divisie |14||1||2||3||colspan="2"|—||16||4 |- |[[2020–21 Eerste Divisie|2020–21]] |Eerste Divisie |9||0||1||0||colspan="2"|—||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !23!!1!!3!!3!!colspan="2"|—!!26!!4 |- |rowspan="3"|TOP Oss |[[2022–23 Eerste Divisie|2022–23]] |Eerste Divisie |15||0||1||0||colspan="2"|—||16||0 |- |[[2023–24 TOP Oss season|2023–24]] |Eerste Divisie |30||3||1||0||colspan="2"|—||31||3 |- !colspan="2"|Total !45!!3!!2!!0!!colspan="2"|—!!47!!3 |- |rowspan="2"|[[Koninklijke HFC]] |[[2024–25 Tweede Divisie|2024–25]] |[[Tweede Divisie]] |13||4||0||0||colspan="2"|—||13||4 |- |[[2025–26 Tweede Divisie|2025–26]] |Tweede Divisie |17||2||0||0||colspan="2"|—||17||2 |- !colspan="3"|Career total !129!!11!!7!!3!!2!!0!!138!!14 |} {{notelist}} == Karramawa == '''Cambuur''' * [[Eerste Divisie]]: [[2020–21 Eerste Divisie|2020–21]]<ref>{{cite web |title=SC Cambuur kroont zich tot kampioen van de Keuken Kampioen Divisie 2020/2021! · SC Cambuur |url=https://cambuur.nl/nieuws/sc-cambuur-kroont-zich-tot-kampioen-van-de-keuken-kampioen-divisie-2020-2021/ |website=SC Cambuur |access-date=20 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805191658/https://cambuur.nl/nieuws/sc-cambuur-kroont-zich-tot-kampioen-van-de-keuken-kampioen-divisie-2020-2021/ |archive-date=5 August 2024 |language=nl-NL |date=23 April 2021}}</ref> == Manazarta == jkknzzwt12r5lyw5eky8ali8gu5vdez 863403 863402 2026-06-21T18:00:17Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delano Ladan'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Ladan</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 2000) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke buga ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie ta Koninklijke HFC.<ref>https://int.soccerway.com/players/delano-ladan/477602/</ref><ref>https://int.soccerway.com/players/delano-ladan/477602/</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ladan ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta ADO Den Haag a shekarar 2013 kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar farko a lokacin bazara na 2017. Ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ƙwararren ɗan wasa<ref>https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/delano-ladan/</ref> a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2017, a wasan gida da Utrecht, wanda ya ƙare da rashin nasara da ci 3-0. Ladan ya shigo wasa ne a madadin Donny Gorter a minti na 78. Ya buga wasanni huɗu a ADO a kakar wasa ta 2017-18. A kakar wasa mai zuwa, an tura shi aro zuwa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss. Galibi a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wannan kakar, ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko ta ƙwararru wadda ta tabbatar da nasarar TOP a kan Jong Utrecht da ci 2-1 a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2018. <ref>https://www.bd.nl/top-oss/ladan-scoort-eerste-treffer-voor-top-oss-een-onbeschrijfelijk-gevoel~ad4890bb/</ref> A watan Agusta na 2019, an dakatar da kwangilarsa da ADO, kuma ya koma Cambuur. A kakar wasa ta 2019-20, Ladan ya zura kwallaye uku a karon farko, inda ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke GOES da ci 5-0 a waje a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin KNVB.<ref>https://toposs.nl/delano-ladan-keert-na-drie-seizoenen-terug-bij-top-oss/</ref> A watan Oktoban 2021, Ladan ya koma ƙungiyar Feyenoord ta 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, inda ya taɓa bugawa ƙungiyar matasa. A ranar 8 ga Janairun 2022, ya fara buga wasa a ƙungiyar farko ta Feyenoord a wasan sada zumunci da PEC Zwolle, inda ya zura ƙwallo nan take.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20240412173725/https://www.omropfryslan.nl/nl/nieuws/900522/sc-cambuur-haalt-met-delano-ladan-nieuwe-spits</ref> A ranar 24 ga Yuni 2022, Ladan ya sake komawa ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie TOP Oss; wa'adinsa na biyu a ƙungiyar bayan ya samu nasarar aro a kakar wasa ta 2018-19. Bayan ya zura kwallaye uku a wasanni 47 a ƙungiyar TOP, ya bar ƙungiyar a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2023-24. A ranar 28 ga Janairu 2025, Ladan ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya da rabi tare da ƙungiyar Tweede Divisie Koninklijke HFC.<ref>https://www.idntimes.com/sport/soccer/profil-delano-ladan-00-qftxr-cc0g36/amp</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Ladan a ƙasar Netherlands, kuma asalin ƙasar Indonesiya ne. == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{updated|match played 13 December 2025}}<ref name="WF" /> {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition |- !rowspan="2"|Club !rowspan="2"|Season !colspan="3"|League !colspan="2"|[[KNVB Cup]] !colspan="2"|Other !colspan="2"|Total |- !Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[ADO Den Haag]] |[[2017–18 Eredivisie|2017–18]] |[[Eredivisie]] |4||0||0||0||colspan="2"|—||4||0 |- |[[TOP Oss]] (loan) |[[2018–19 Eerste Divisie|2018–19]] |[[Eerste Divisie]] |27||1||2||0||2{{efn|name=PO|Appearances in [[Eredivisie]] promotion/relegation playoffs}}||0||31||1 |- |rowspan="3"|[[SC Cambuur|Cambuur]] |[[2019–20 Eerste Divisie|2019–20]] |Eerste Divisie |14||1||2||3||colspan="2"|—||16||4 |- |[[2020–21 Eerste Divisie|2020–21]] |Eerste Divisie |9||0||1||0||colspan="2"|—||10||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !23!!1!!3!!3!!colspan="2"|—!!26!!4 |- |rowspan="3"|TOP Oss |[[2022–23 Eerste Divisie|2022–23]] |Eerste Divisie |15||0||1||0||colspan="2"|—||16||0 |- |[[2023–24 TOP Oss season|2023–24]] |Eerste Divisie |30||3||1||0||colspan="2"|—||31||3 |- !colspan="2"|Total !45!!3!!2!!0!!colspan="2"|—!!47!!3 |- |rowspan="2"|[[Koninklijke HFC]] |[[2024–25 Tweede Divisie|2024–25]] |[[Tweede Divisie]] |13||4||0||0||colspan="2"|—||13||4 |- |[[2025–26 Tweede Divisie|2025–26]] |Tweede Divisie |17||2||0||0||colspan="2"|—||17||2 |- !colspan="3"|Career total !129!!11!!7!!3!!2!!0!!138!!14 |} {{notelist}} == Karramawa == '''Cambuur''' * [[Eerste Divisie]]: [[2020–21 Eerste Divisie|2020–21]]<ref>{{cite web |title=SC Cambuur kroont zich tot kampioen van de Keuken Kampioen Divisie 2020/2021! · SC Cambuur |url=https://cambuur.nl/nieuws/sc-cambuur-kroont-zich-tot-kampioen-van-de-keuken-kampioen-divisie-2020-2021/ |website=SC Cambuur |access-date=20 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805191658/https://cambuur.nl/nieuws/sc-cambuur-kroont-zich-tot-kampioen-van-de-keuken-kampioen-divisie-2020-2021/ |archive-date=5 August 2024 |language=nl-NL |date=23 April 2021}}</ref> == Manazarta == hbe4wbv188y2sv5dy1ofhymq1dygir5 0 159139 863406 2026-06-21T18:03:47Z Abdurra'uf 23412 sabon muqala 863406 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya''' mu2o4snunphrathen1xns1sb67tb5ac 863407 863406 2026-06-21T18:04:04Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya''' == Manazarta == ls73vcno0tcrq9a0uipv78dux0kz7kz 863408 863407 2026-06-21T18:04:38Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya''' (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1986) ɗan dambe ne ɗan ƙasar Turkiyya a rukunin nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 54 wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar azurfa a rukunin nauyi mai sauƙi a gasar Olympics ta 2004. == Manazarta == locs4msinb4v37g2w7l9xusb8vsjix9 863409 863408 2026-06-21T18:04:52Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atag%C3%BCn_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1nkaya</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1986) ɗan dambe ne ɗan ƙasar Turkiyya a rukunin nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 54 wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar azurfa a rukunin nauyi mai sauƙi a gasar Olympics ta 2004. == Manazarta == dnke2uhqviz545zgyj2wzy6ppkovkby 863410 863409 2026-06-21T18:05:58Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atag%C3%BCn_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1nkaya</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1986) ɗan dambe ne ɗan ƙasar Turkiyya a rukunin nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 54 wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar azurfa a rukunin nauyi mai sauƙi a gasar Olympics ta 2004. == Kuruciya == Yalçınkaya ya fara dambe tun yana ƙarami kuma ya lashe kofuna shida a fannin ɗalibi da kuma na kadet a Turkiyya. Ya yi nasara a gasar ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2003 inda ya lashe matsayi na 1 a gasar Balaton da aka yi a Hungary, sannan ya zo na 3 a gasar Green Hill Cup, Pakistan, sannan kuma ya zo na 1 a gasar damben ɗaliban Turai, [[Italiya]]. == Manazarta == lapxeesu9fnip41308irhe21ufdnp6p 863411 863410 2026-06-21T18:06:44Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atag%C3%BCn_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1nkaya</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1986) ɗan dambe ne ɗan ƙasar Turkiyya a rukunin nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 54 wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar azurfa a rukunin nauyi mai sauƙi a gasar Olympics ta 2004. == Kuruciya == Yalçınkaya ya fara dambe tun yana ƙarami kuma ya lashe kofuna shida a fannin ɗalibi da kuma na kadet a Turkiyya. Ya yi nasara a gasar ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2003 inda ya lashe matsayi na 1 a gasar Balaton da aka yi a Hungary, sannan ya zo na 3 a gasar Green Hill Cup, Pakistan, sannan kuma ya zo na 1 a gasar damben ɗaliban Turai, [[Italiya]]. Yalçınkaya ya cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2004 ta hanyar kammala shi a matsayi na biyu a gasar AIBA ta Turai ta 4 a 2004 da aka yi a Baku, Azerbaijan. Ya fafata a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa mai sauƙi a Athens, Girka kuma ya lashe lambar azurfa ga Turkiyya a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 2004, ta hanyar doke Alfonso Pinto na Italiya da kuma Sergey Kazakov, zakaran duniya mai ci a Rasha. Yana da shekaru 17, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ya lashe lambar yabo a tarihin gasar Olympics ta Turkiyya. == Manazarta == rwsopic81ehxjs1mygmk7f8zdkrie23 863412 863411 2026-06-21T18:08:23Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863412 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atag%C3%BCn_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1nkaya</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1986) ɗan dambe ne ɗan ƙasar Turkiyya a rukunin nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 54 wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar azurfa a rukunin nauyi mai sauƙi a gasar Olympics ta 2004. == Kuruciya == Yalçınkaya ya fara dambe tun yana ƙarami kuma ya lashe kofuna shida a fannin ɗalibi da kuma na kadet a Turkiyya. Ya yi nasara a gasar ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2003 inda ya lashe matsayi na 1 a gasar Balaton da aka yi a Hungary, sannan ya zo na 3 a gasar Green Hill Cup, Pakistan, sannan kuma ya zo na 1 a gasar damben ɗaliban Turai, [[Italiya]]. Yalçınkaya ya cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2004 ta hanyar kammala shi a matsayi na biyu a gasar AIBA ta Turai ta 4 a 2004 da aka yi a Baku, Azerbaijan. Ya fafata a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa mai sauƙi a Athens, Girka kuma ya lashe lambar azurfa ga Turkiyya a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 2004, ta hanyar doke Alfonso Pinto na Italiya da kuma Sergey Kazakov, zakaran duniya mai ci a Rasha. Yana da shekaru 17, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ya lashe lambar yabo a tarihin gasar Olympics ta [[Turkiyya]]. *Defeated [[Jolly Katongole]] (Uganda) 22-7 *Defeated [[Jeyhun Abiyev]] (Azerbaijan) 23-20 *Defeated [[Alfonso Pinto]] (Italy) 33-24 *Defeated [[Sergey Kazakov]] (Russia) 26-20 *Lost to [[Yan Bartelemí Varela]] (Cuba) 16-21 == Manazarta == lcec3eifmbhy66lsbsfeu4p48rqk15z 863413 863412 2026-06-21T18:09:18Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atag%C3%BCn_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1nkaya</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1986) ɗan dambe ne ɗan ƙasar Turkiyya a rukunin nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 54 wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar azurfa a rukunin nauyi mai sauƙi a gasar Olympics ta 2004. == Kuruciya == Yalçınkaya ya fara dambe tun yana ƙarami kuma ya lashe kofuna shida a fannin ɗalibi da kuma na kadet a Turkiyya. Ya yi nasara a gasar ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2003 inda ya lashe matsayi na 1 a gasar Balaton da aka yi a Hungary, sannan ya zo na 3 a gasar Green Hill Cup, Pakistan, sannan kuma ya zo na 1 a gasar damben ɗaliban Turai, [[Italiya]]. Yalçınkaya ya cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2004 ta hanyar kammala shi a matsayi na biyu a gasar AIBA ta Turai ta 4 a 2004 da aka yi a Baku, Azerbaijan. Ya fafata a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa mai sauƙi a Athens, Girka kuma ya lashe lambar azurfa ga Turkiyya a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 2004, ta hanyar doke Alfonso Pinto na Italiya da kuma Sergey Kazakov, zakaran duniya mai ci a Rasha. Yana da shekaru 17, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ya lashe lambar yabo a tarihin gasar Olympics ta [[Turkiyya]]. *Defeated [[Jolly Katongole]] (Uganda) 22-7 *Defeated [[Jeyhun Abiyev]] (Azerbaijan) 23-20 *Defeated [[Alfonso Pinto]] (Italy) 33-24 *Defeated [[Sergey Kazakov]] (Russia) 26-20 *Lost to [[Yan Bartelemí Varela]] (Cuba) 16-21 Daga baya ya kai matsayin mai nauyin kilogiram 51 kuma ya lashe gasar Bahar Rum a Almeria, Spain a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2005 (Mianyang, China) ya doke Andrzej Rzany (Poland) da ci 20-13 amma ya sha kashi a hannun Georgy Balakshin (Rasha) da ci 15-36. A gasar cin kofin Turai ta 2006, ya sha kashi da wuri a hannun Stuart Langley, ɗan Ingila. Daga baya ya fafata a gasar bantamweight. Yalçınkaya, mai tsawon mita 1.65, memba ne na Fenerbahçe SK kuma Enver Yilmaz ne ke horar da shi. == Manazarta == mlis86dh4pdjyjk2j06e2p29631gb25 863415 863413 2026-06-21T18:09:41Z Abdurra'uf 23412 saka manazarta 863415 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atag%C3%BCn_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1nkaya</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1986) ɗan dambe ne ɗan ƙasar Turkiyya a rukunin nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 54 wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar azurfa a rukunin nauyi mai sauƙi a gasar Olympics ta 2004.<ref>http://www.fenerbahce.org/kurumsal/detay.asp?ContentID=6273</ref> == Kuruciya == Yalçınkaya ya fara dambe tun yana ƙarami kuma ya lashe kofuna shida a fannin ɗalibi da kuma na kadet a Turkiyya. Ya yi nasara a gasar ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2003 inda ya lashe matsayi na 1 a gasar Balaton da aka yi a Hungary, sannan ya zo na 3 a gasar Green Hill Cup, Pakistan, sannan kuma ya zo na 1 a gasar damben ɗaliban Turai, [[Italiya]]. Yalçınkaya ya cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2004 ta hanyar kammala shi a matsayi na biyu a gasar AIBA ta Turai ta 4 a 2004 da aka yi a Baku, Azerbaijan. Ya fafata a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa mai sauƙi a Athens, Girka kuma ya lashe lambar azurfa ga Turkiyya a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 2004, ta hanyar doke Alfonso Pinto na Italiya da kuma Sergey Kazakov, zakaran duniya mai ci a Rasha. Yana da shekaru 17, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ya lashe lambar yabo a tarihin gasar Olympics ta [[Turkiyya]]. *Defeated [[Jolly Katongole]] (Uganda) 22-7 *Defeated [[Jeyhun Abiyev]] (Azerbaijan) 23-20 *Defeated [[Alfonso Pinto]] (Italy) 33-24 *Defeated [[Sergey Kazakov]] (Russia) 26-20 *Lost to [[Yan Bartelemí Varela]] (Cuba) 16-21 Daga baya ya kai matsayin mai nauyin kilogiram 51 kuma ya lashe gasar Bahar Rum a Almeria, Spain a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2005 (Mianyang, China) ya doke Andrzej Rzany (Poland) da ci 20-13 amma ya sha kashi a hannun Georgy Balakshin (Rasha) da ci 15-36. A gasar cin kofin Turai ta 2006, ya sha kashi da wuri a hannun Stuart Langley, ɗan Ingila. Daga baya ya fafata a gasar bantamweight. Yalçınkaya, mai tsawon mita 1.65, memba ne na Fenerbahçe SK kuma Enver Yilmaz ne ke horar da shi. == Manazarta == 6bnjsy6o2ba4wbv4yi8ve0vphdoidy6 863416 863415 2026-06-21T18:10:49Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atag%C3%BCn_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1nkaya</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1986) ɗan dambe ne ɗan ƙasar Turkiyya a rukunin nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 54 wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar azurfa a rukunin nauyi mai sauƙi a gasar Olympics ta 2004.<ref>http://www.fenerbahce.org/kurumsal/detay.asp?ContentID=6273</ref> == Kuruciya == Yalçınkaya ya fara dambe tun yana ƙarami kuma ya lashe kofuna shida a fannin ɗalibi da kuma na kadet a Turkiyya. Ya yi nasara a gasar ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2003 inda ya lashe matsayi na 1 a gasar Balaton da aka yi a Hungary, sannan ya zo na 3 a gasar Green Hill Cup, Pakistan, sannan kuma ya zo na 1 a gasar damben ɗaliban Turai, [[Italiya]]. Yalçınkaya ya cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2004 ta hanyar kammala shi a matsayi na biyu a gasar AIBA ta Turai ta 4 a 2004 da aka yi a Baku, Azerbaijan. Ya fafata a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa mai sauƙi a Athens, Girka kuma ya lashe lambar azurfa ga Turkiyya a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 2004, ta hanyar doke Alfonso Pinto na Italiya da kuma Sergey Kazakov, zakaran duniya mai ci a Rasha. Yana da shekaru 17, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ya lashe lambar yabo a tarihin gasar Olympics ta [[Turkiyya]]. *Defeated [[Jolly Katongole]] (Uganda) 22-7 *Defeated [[Jeyhun Abiyev]] (Azerbaijan) 23-20 *Defeated [[Alfonso Pinto]] (Italy) 33-24 *Defeated [[Sergey Kazakov]] (Russia) 26-20 *Lost to [[Yan Bartelemí Varela]] (Cuba) 16-21 Daga baya ya kai matsayin mai nauyin kilogiram 51 kuma ya lashe gasar Bahar Rum a Almeria, Spain a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2005 (Mianyang, China) ya doke Andrzej Rzany (Poland) da ci 20-13 amma ya sha kashi a hannun Georgy Balakshin (Rasha) da ci 15-36. A gasar cin kofin Turai ta 2006, ya sha kashi da wuri a hannun Stuart Langley, ɗan Ingila. Daga baya ya fafata a gasar bantamweight. Yalçınkaya, mai tsawon mita 1.65, memba ne na Fenerbahçe SK kuma Enver Yilmaz ne ke horar da shi. == Ƙwararren == A shekarar 2008 ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da Ahmed Öner, wani ɗan ƙasar Jamus, kuma ya zama ƙwararre a watan Maris na 2008. == Manazarta == 4xwidifnxvakr8awt56fh64rl0bf0fu 863418 863416 2026-06-21T18:12:23Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atag%C3%BCn_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1nkaya</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1986) ɗan dambe ne ɗan ƙasar Turkiyya a rukunin nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 54 wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar azurfa a rukunin nauyi mai sauƙi a gasar Olympics ta 2004.<ref>http://www.fenerbahce.org/kurumsal/detay.asp?ContentID=6273</ref> == Kuruciya == Yalçınkaya ya fara dambe tun yana ƙarami kuma ya lashe kofuna shida a fannin ɗalibi da kuma na kadet a Turkiyya. Ya yi nasara a gasar ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2003 inda ya lashe matsayi na 1 a gasar Balaton da aka yi a Hungary, sannan ya zo na 3 a gasar Green Hill Cup, Pakistan, sannan kuma ya zo na 1 a gasar damben ɗaliban Turai, [[Italiya]]. Yalçınkaya ya cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2004 ta hanyar kammala shi a matsayi na biyu a gasar AIBA ta Turai ta 4 a 2004 da aka yi a Baku, Azerbaijan. Ya fafata a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa mai sauƙi a Athens, Girka kuma ya lashe lambar azurfa ga Turkiyya a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 2004, ta hanyar doke Alfonso Pinto na Italiya da kuma Sergey Kazakov, zakaran duniya mai ci a Rasha. Yana da shekaru 17, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ya lashe lambar yabo a tarihin gasar Olympics ta [[Turkiyya]]. *Defeated [[Jolly Katongole]] (Uganda) 22-7 *Defeated [[Jeyhun Abiyev]] (Azerbaijan) 23-20 *Defeated [[Alfonso Pinto]] (Italy) 33-24 *Defeated [[Sergey Kazakov]] (Russia) 26-20 *Lost to [[Yan Bartelemí Varela]] (Cuba) 16-21 Daga baya ya kai matsayin mai nauyin kilogiram 51 kuma ya lashe gasar Bahar Rum a Almeria, Spain a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2005 (Mianyang, China) ya doke Andrzej Rzany (Poland) da ci 20-13 amma ya sha kashi a hannun Georgy Balakshin (Rasha) da ci 15-36. A gasar cin kofin Turai ta 2006, ya sha kashi da wuri a hannun Stuart Langley, ɗan Ingila. Daga baya ya fafata a gasar bantamweight. Yalçınkaya, mai tsawon mita 1.65, memba ne na Fenerbahçe SK kuma Enver Yilmaz ne ke horar da shi. == Ƙwararren == A shekarar 2008 ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da Ahmed Öner, wani ɗan ƙasar Jamus, kuma ya zama ƙwararre a watan Maris na 2008. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == *{{sports links}} {{Olympic medalists for Turkey}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Yalcinkaya, Atagun}} [[Category:1986 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Boxers from Ankara]] [[Category:Fenerbahçe boxers]] [[Category:Olympic boxers for Turkey]] [[Category:Boxers at the 2004 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Olympic silver medalists for Turkey]] [[Category:Olympic medalists in boxing]] [[Category:Bantamweight boxers]] [[Category:Light-flyweight boxers]] [[Category:Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Turkish male boxers]] [[Category:Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Turkey]] [[Category:Competitors at the 2005 Mediterranean Games]] [[Category:Mediterranean Games medalists in boxing]] [[Category:21st-century Turkish sportsmen]] {{Turkey-boxing-bio-stub}} {{Turkey-Olympic-medalist-stub}} == Manazarta == d887xzq8ei2oyjzopngsuzmpzfmxgef 863767 863418 2026-06-22T10:12:58Z Abdurra'uf 23412 inganta muqala 863767 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atagün Yalçınkaya'''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atag%C3%BCn_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1nkaya</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1986) ɗan dambe ne ɗan ƙasar Turkiyya a rukunin nauyi mai nauyin kilogiram 54 wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar azurfa a rukunin nauyi mai sauƙi a gasar Olympics ta 2004.<ref>http://www.fenerbahce.org/kurumsal/detay.asp?ContentID=6273</ref> == Kuruciya == Yalçınkaya ya fara dambe tun yana ƙarami kuma ya lashe kofuna shida a fannin ɗalibi da kuma na kadet a [[Turkiyya]]. Ya yi nasara a gasar ƙasa da ƙasa a shekarar 2003 inda ya lashe matsayi na 1 a gasar Balaton da aka yi a Hungary, sannan ya zo na 3 a gasar Green Hill Cup, Pakistan, sannan kuma ya zo na 1 a gasar damben ɗaliban Turai, [[Italiya]]. Yalçınkaya ya cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2004 ta hanyar kammala shi a matsayi na biyu a gasar AIBA ta Turai ta 4 a 2004 da aka yi a Baku, Azerbaijan. Ya fafata a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa mai sauƙi a Athens, Girka kuma ya lashe lambar azurfa ga Turkiyya a ranar 29 ga Agusta, 2004, ta hanyar doke Alfonso Pinto na Italiya da kuma Sergey Kazakov, zakaran duniya mai ci a Rasha. Yana da shekaru 17, shi ne ɗan wasa mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ya lashe lambar yabo a tarihin gasar Olympics ta [[Turkiyya]]. *Defeated [[Jolly Katongole]] (Uganda) 22-7 *Defeated [[Jeyhun Abiyev]] (Azerbaijan) 23-20 *Defeated [[Alfonso Pinto]] (Italy) 33-24 *Defeated [[Sergey Kazakov]] (Russia) 26-20 *Lost to [[Yan Bartelemí Varela]] (Cuba) 16-21 Daga baya ya kai matsayin mai nauyin kilogiram 51 kuma ya lashe gasar Bahar Rum a Almeria, Spain a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2005 (Mianyang, China) ya doke Andrzej Rzany (Poland) da ci 20-13 amma ya sha kashi a hannun Georgy Balakshin (Rasha) da ci 15-36. A gasar cin kofin Turai ta 2006, ya sha kashi da wuri a hannun Stuart Langley, ɗan Ingila. Daga baya ya fafata a gasar bantamweight. Yalçınkaya, mai tsawon mita 1.65, memba ne na Fenerbahçe SK kuma Enver Yilmaz ne ke horar da shi. == Ƙwararren == A shekarar 2008 ya sanya hannu kan kwangila da Ahmed Öner, wani ɗan ƙasar Jamus, kuma ya zama ƙwararre a watan Maris na 2008. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == *{{sports links}} {{Olympic medalists for Turkey}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Yalcinkaya, Atagun}} [[Category:1986 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Boxers from Ankara]] [[Category:Fenerbahçe boxers]] [[Category:Olympic boxers for Turkey]] [[Category:Boxers at the 2004 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Olympic silver medalists for Turkey]] [[Category:Olympic medalists in boxing]] [[Category:Bantamweight boxers]] [[Category:Light-flyweight boxers]] [[Category:Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Turkish male boxers]] [[Category:Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Turkey]] [[Category:Competitors at the 2005 Mediterranean Games]] [[Category:Mediterranean Games medalists in boxing]] [[Category:21st-century Turkish sportsmen]] {{Turkey-boxing-bio-stub}} {{Turkey-Olympic-medalist-stub}} == Manazarta == ghg0yo4uk0apdb3520vcobj8lqdqk0t 0 159140 863425 2026-06-21T19:01:57Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340716716|Soil-borne pathogen]]" 863425 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Crown_gall_on_rose_(a).JPG|right|thumb|Crown gall a kan rose]] '''Kwayar cuta da ke cikin [[Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)|ƙasa]]''' (ko kwayar cuta) wakili ne mai haifar da cuta wanda ke zaune a cikin ƙasa da kuma a cikin [[shuka]], kuma wanda zai iya kamuwa da shuke-shuke marasa lafiya waɗanda ke girma a cikin wannan ƙasa.<ref name="AgricWAGovAu">{{Cite web |date=2014-12-15 |title=Soil-borne diseases |url=http://www.agric.wa.gov.au/diseases/soil-borne-diseases |access-date=2021-02-09 |website=Agriculture and Food [[Government of Western Australia]]}}</ref> Kwayoyin cuta na yau da kullun sun haɗa da ''Fusarium'', <ref name="AgricWAGovAu" /> ''Pythium'', <ref name="AgricWAGovAu" /> <ref name="Knoester-et-al-1998">{{Cite journal |last=Knoester |first=M. |last2=van Loon |first2=L. C. |last3=van den Heuvel |first3=J. |last4=Hennig |first4=J. |last5=Bol |first5=J. F. |last6=Linthorst |first6=H. J. M. |date=1998-02-17 |title=Ethylene-insensitive tobacco lacks nonhost resistance against soil-borne fungi |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]] |publisher=[[National Academy of Sciences]] |volume=95 |issue=4 |pages=1933–1937 |bibcode=1998PNAS...95.1933K |doi=10.1073/pnas.95.4.1933 |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=19216 |pmid=9465120 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ''Rhizoctonia'', <ref name="Hussey-Barker-1973">{{Cite journal |last=Hussey |first=R. |last2=Barker |first2=K. |date=1973 |title=A comparison of methods of collecting inocula of ''Meloidogyne'' spp., including a new technique |journal=[[Plant Disease Reporter]] |s2cid=81252963}}</ref> ''Phytophthora'', <ref name="Abad-et-al-2008">{{Cite journal |last=Abad |first=Pierre |last2=Gouzy |first2=Jérôme |last3=Aury |first3=Jean-Marc |last4=Castagnone-Sereno |first4=Philippe |last5=Danchin |first5=Etienne G J |last6=Deleury |first6=Emeline |last7=Perfus-Barbeoch |first7=Laetitia |last8=Anthouard |first8=Véronique |last9=Artiguenave |first9=François |last10=Blok |first10=Vivian C |last11=Caillaud |first11=Marie-Cécile |last12=Coutinho |first12=Pedro M |last13=Dasilva |first13=Corinne |last14=De Luca |first14=Francesca |last15=Deau |first15=Florence |date=2008-07-27 |title=Genome sequence of the metazoan plant-parasitic nematode ''Meloidogyne incognita'' |journal=[[Nature Biotechnology]] |publisher=[[Nature Research]]/[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer Science and Business Media LLC]] |volume=26 |issue=8 |pages=909–915 |doi=10.1038/nbt.1482 |issn=1087-0156 |pmid=18660804 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> ''Verticillium'', [4] ''Rhizopus'', [4] ''Thielaviopsis'', [4] da Nematodes [4] ciki har da ''Meloidogyne''. == Manazarta == r2rdde8bnkl0pmfi6mg4uaifo7rhmjn 0 159141 863426 2026-06-21T19:03:32Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346696805|Roesleria subterranea]]" 863426 wikitext text/x-wiki Roesleria subterranea kwayar cuta ce da take damun tsukoki == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp Lissafin Fungorum] * [https://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases USDA ARS Fungal Database] == Manazarta == <references /> {{Taxonbar|from=Q10656340}} ir0ue1rpt59in9b185jf0t7al62vzh4 0 159142 863427 2026-06-21T19:04:29Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1276994098|Puccinia lagenophorae]]" 863427 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> {{Speciesbox|image=Puccinia lagenophorae on Senecio vulgaris.jpg|image_caption=''Puccinia lagenophorae'' on ''[[Senecio vulgaris]]''.|genus=Puccinia|species=lagenophorae|authority=Cooke, 1884|synonyms_ref=<ref name="bladmineerders"></ref>|synonyms=''Puccinia terrieriana'' {{small|Mayor, 1962}}}} '''''Puccinia lagenophorae''''' ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ne wanda ke kamuwa da tsire-tsire a cikin iyalin Asteraceae, musamman ''Senecio squalidus'' da ''Senecio vulgaris'' . Yana da asali a Ostiraliya, kuma an fara samunsa a Turai a 1961. <ref name="bladmineerders">{{Cite web |year=2024 |title=''Puccinia lagenophorae'' |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/parasites/fungi/dikarya/basidiomycota/pucciniomycotina/pucciniomycetes/pucciniales/uredineae/pucciniaceae/puccinia/puccinia-lagenophorae/ |access-date=20 February 2025 |website=bladmineerders.nl}}</ref> Yana samar da aecia da telia a kan rundunoninsa.<ref name="bladmineerders">{{Cite web |year=2024 |title=''Puccinia lagenophorae'' |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/parasites/fungi/dikarya/basidiomycota/pucciniomycotina/pucciniomycetes/pucciniales/uredineae/pucciniaceae/puccinia/puccinia-lagenophorae/ |access-date=20 February 2025 |website=bladmineerders.nl}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q1446447}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] put0juadq36wi4xy8z7d1bec8w1gw64 0 159143 863428 2026-06-21T19:05:23Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349695147|Plasmopara densa]]" 863428 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Plasmopara densa on Rhinanthus minor imported from iNaturalist photo 506145655.jpg|image_caption=Conidiophores of ''Plasmopara densa'' on the underside of leaves of ''[[Rhinanthus minor]]''.|genus=Plasmopara|species=densa|authority=(Rabenhorst) Schröter, 1886}} '''''Plasmopara densa''''' wani nau'i ne wanda ke kamuwa da shuke-shuke a cikin Orobanchaceae . An bayar da rahoton daga rundunonin a cikin jinsunan ''Bartsia'', ''Bellardia'', ''Melampyrum'', Odontites, ''Pedicularis'', da ''Rhinanthus''.<ref name="bladmineerders">{{Cite web |last=Ellis, W. N. |year=2001–2026 |title=''Plasmopara densa'' (Rabenhorst) Schröter, 1886 |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/en/parasites/chromista/oomycota/oomycetes/peronosporales/peronosporaceae/plasmopara/plasmopara-densa/ |access-date=17 April 2026 |website=Plant Parasites of Europe}} </ref> Yana haifar da launin rawaya na ganye, tare da fararen conidiophores da aka kafa a ƙasa.<ref name="bladmineerders" /> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == <templatestyles src="Module:Gallery/styles.css"></templatestyles>  == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{taxonbar|from=Q107461282}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] m3ukj6rjllgqwgnogvg8dprnm4oklpb 0 159144 863429 2026-06-21T19:06:42Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1315116694|Plasmodiophora bicaudata]]" 863429 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|genus=Plasmodiophora|species=bicaudata|authority=[[Jean Feldmann|Feldmann]], 1941<ref name=WoRMS>{{cite WoRMS |author=Kirk, Paul |year=2009 |title=''Plasmodiophora bicaudata'' J. Feldmann, 1941 |db=Fungi |id=172138 |accessdate=10 February 2016}}</ref>|range_map=Plasmodiophora_bicaudata_range.png|range_map_caption=''P. bicaudata'' marine distribution map.<ref name="MarinePlasmophoReview"/>}} '''''Plasmodiophora bicaudata''''' kwayar cuta ce ta ruwa, kwayar cutaa ce ta tsire-tsire na jinsin ''Zostera'' kuma mai haifar da cutar a cikin jinsin. Wadannan tsire-tsire na ruwa suna girma a cikin kyakkyawan laka a cikin teku mai zurfi kuma kwayar cutar tana da rarraba a duniya. == Ilimin halittu == Tsarin rayuwa na ''Plasmodiophora bicaudata'' yana da rikitarwa. Ya haɗa da spores na hutawa wanda zai iya kwance ba tare da barci ba, yana jiran yanayin da ya dace don kamuwa da sabon shuka. Sauran siffofinsa sun haɗa da nau'ikan plasmodia guda biyu, matakin ciyarwa wanda ke samun makamashi daga sel mai karɓar bakuncin, da nau'o'in zoospores guda biyu. Motile zoospores ne kawai nau'in da zai iya motsawa a waje da sel masu karɓar bakuncin. Suna da whiplash flagella kuma suna iya yin iyo don isa ga sabbin tsire-tsire na teku kuma suna iya yawo a saman ganye ta hanyar [[Tsutsa|amoeboid]] ta hanyar fadada pseudopodia gaba. Wannan kwayar cutar tana haifar da galls don samarwa a cikin internodes na rhizomes na mai masaukin sa, nau'in jinsin ''Zostera''. An san yanayin a matsayin cutar lalacewa, ƙwayoyin suna taruwa tare kuma ci gaban tushen ba shi da kyau don haka tsire-tsire suna da sauƙin cirewa a cikin hadari. Tsire-tsire masu iyo na iya yada kamuwa da cuta zuwa sababbin wurare kuma lokacin da aka dasa ciyawa don kula da rushewa, ba za a iya cimma murfin zurfin teku ba. Girman ganye ba ya shafar kwayar cutar amma furewar ciyawa ba ta faruwa. Galls suna dauke da adadi mai yawa na bangon bango mai kauri, spores masu barci 4-6 μm a diamita waɗanda suka rabu da juna. An yi nazarin kamuwa da kwayar cutar ta wannan kwayar cutar ba tare da an yi nazari sosai ba amma yana yiwuwa cewa mai kwayar cuta ce, tana iya watsa ƙwayoyin cuta masu haifar da cuta tsakanin shuke-shuke kamar yadda ke faruwa a wasu nau'ikan ƙasa a cikin wannan nau'in. Har yanzu ba a lura da wannan a cikin yanayin ruwa ba == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> {{Taxonbar|from=Q16988196}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] opmn3thho18q43zb25blewj7nzdogve 0 159145 863430 2026-06-21T19:07:48Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355421267|Peronospora violacea]]" 863430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Peronospora violacea macroscopic symptoms.jpg|image_caption=A flowerhead of ''[[Succisa pratensis]]'' infected by ''Peronospora violacea''.|genus=Peronospora|species=violacea|authority=Berkeley, 1860}} '''''Peronospora violacea''''' wani nau'i ne mai laushi wanda ke kamuwa da shuke-shuke a cikin Caprifoliaceae . An bayar da rahoton daga rundunonin a cikin jinsunan ''Dipsacus'', ''Knautia'', ''Lomelosia'', ''Scabiosa'', da Succisa. <ref name="bladmineerders">{{Cite web |last=Ellis, W. N. |year=2024 |title=''Peronospora violacea'' |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/parasites/chromista/oomycota/oomycetes/peronosporales/peronosporaceae/peronospora/peronospora-violacea/ |access-date=13 September 2024 |website=bladmineerders.nl}}</ref> Yana samar da conidiophores a kan petals da styles na mai masaukin, oospores a cikin petal da kuma salon nama, kuma yana hana ci gaban anthers. Cutar tana da [[Cutar tsarin|tsarin]], tare da hyphae da aka samar a cikin xylem na rhizomes da tsokoki.<ref name="Contribution">{{Cite journal |last=Horáková, J. |last2=Skalický, V. |date=1989 |title=Contribution to the ecology of ''Peronospora violacea'' Berk. |journal=Česká Mykologie |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=13–29 |doi=10.33585/cmy.43102}}</ref> A cikin tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cutar na ''Succisa pratensis'' furanni suna da tsayi, petals masu ruwan hoda wanda ake samar da conidophores.<ref name="Field Guide">{{Cite web |last=Dalzell, J. |year=2024 |title=Pathogens in Grassland |url=https://plantpathogens.neocities.org/habitats/grassland |access-date=19 December 2024 |website=Field Guide to Plant Pathogens}}</ref> Koyaya, wasu marubutan sun ba da rahoton cewa a kan wannan mai masaukin yana sa mai masaukin ya zama launin ruwan kasa kuma ya zama matattu. == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == <templatestyles src="Module:Gallery/styles.css"></templatestyles>  == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] odn13otncjcz8hp4rzkrgds8dt8mc2r 0 159146 863431 2026-06-21T19:09:16Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355421076|Peronospora radii]]" 863431 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Peronospora radii ex Tripleurospermum maritimum imported from iNaturalist photo 453454057.jpg|image_caption=Grey conidiophores of ''Peronospora radii'' on an inflorescence of ''[[Tripleurospermum maritimum]]''.|genus=Peronospora|species=radii|authority=de Bary, 1864|synonyms=''Peronospora danica'' <small>Gäumann, 1923</small>|synonyms_ref=<ref name="bladmineerders"></ref>}} Peronospora radii wani nau'i ne mai laushi wanda ke kamuwa da shuke-shuke a cikin Asteraceae . <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Thines, M, Kummer, V |date=1 May 2013 |title=Diversity and species boundaries in floricolous downy mildews |journal=Mycological Progress |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=321–329 |bibcode=2013MycPr..12..321T |doi=10.1007/s11557-012-0837-7 |issn=1861-8952}} </ref> Yana lalata inflorescence, galibi yana haifar da alamomi a cikin ray flowerets, amma kuma ana iya gani a kan ganye. Yana samar da conidia mai launin toka-violet. An bayar da rahoton daga rundunonin a cikin jinsunan ''Achillea'', ''Anthemis'', ''Argyranthemum'', ''Chrysanthemum''. <ref name="bladmineerders">{{Cite web |year=2025 |title=''Peronospora radii'' |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/parasites/chromista/oomycota/oomycetes/peronosporales/peronosporaceae/peronospora/peronospora-radii/ |access-date=1 December 2025 |website=bladmineerders.nl}}</ref> == Alamomi == Lokacin da Peronospora radii ya kamu da cutar chamomile yana haifar da karin inflorescences da shuka ke samarwa, kuma inflorescentes sun fi girma kuma sun lalace. A wasu tsire-tsire yana haifar da mummunar lalacewa kamar rashin furanni na diski, da kuma ci gaban da ba a tantance shi ba wanda ke haifar da reshe mai laushi.<ref name="Duduk" /> == Tasirin Tattalin Arziki == Tun lokacin da ya bayyana a arewacin Serbia a shekara ta 2004, Peronospora radii ya zama barazana ga noman chamomile a can.<ref name="Duduk">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Duduk, B, Duduk, N, Vico, I, Stepanović, J, Marković, T, Rekanović, E, Kube, M, Radanović, D |date=November 2019 |title=Chamomile Floricolous Downy Mildew Caused by ''Peronospora radii'' |url=http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4963 |journal=Phytopathology |volume=109 |issue=11 |pages=1900–1907 |bibcode=2019PhPat.109.1900D |doi=10.1094/PHYTO-04-19-0138-R |issn=0031-949X |pmid=31369362}} </ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] orv93lfycmzemiy7o6lxbftjd5c5vcz 0 159147 863432 2026-06-21T19:10:15Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355420549|Peronospora ficariae]]" 863432 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Peronospora ficariae''''' wani nau'i ne wanda ke kamuwa da ''Ficaria verna'' . Yana samar da conidiophores a ƙarƙashin ganyayyaki.<ref name="bladmineerders">{{Cite web |last=Ellis, W. N. |year=2001–2026 |title=''Peronospora ficariae'' Tulasne, 1854 |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/en/parasites/chromista/oomycota/oomycetes/peronosporales/peronosporaceae/peronospora/peronospora-ficariae/ |access-date=5 April 2026 |website=bladmineerders.nl}}</ref> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == <templatestyles src="Module:Gallery/styles.css"></templatestyles>  == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{taxonbar|from=Q107286691}} 3jonabouzl6fj0crb6vnqeucsyyg646 0 159148 863433 2026-06-21T19:11:07Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332490213|Microbotryum succisae]]" 863433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Microbotryum succisae.jpg|image_caption=A flower head of devil's-bit scabious (''[[Succisa pratensis]]'') infected with ''Microbotryum succisae''.|genus=Microbotryum|species=succisae|authority=(Magnus) Bauer & Oberwinkler, 1997|synonyms=''Ustilago succisae'' <small>Magnus, 1875</small>}} '''''Microbotryum succisae''''' ƙwayoyin cuta ne wanda ke kamuwa da kwayar cutar shaidan, ''Succisa pratensis'' . Yana samar da fararen launin rawaya a cikin anthers na shuka.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2001 |title=''Microbotryum succisae'' |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/parasites/fungi/dikarya/basidiomycota/pucciniomycotina/microbotryomycetes/microbotryomycetidae/microbotryales/microbotryaceae/microbotryum/microbotryum-succisae/ |access-date=19 December 2024 |website=bladmineerders.nl}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{taxonbar|from=Q10584133}} 23ulmyuug143fb05g420u8q3igp1e4v 0 159149 863434 2026-06-21T19:16:47Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338399095|Microbotryum scabiosae]]" 863434 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Microbotryum scabiosae (Pskov, Russia) 1.jpg|image_caption=A flower head of a ''[[Knautia]]'' species infected with ''Microbotryum scabiosae''.|genus=Microbotryum|species=scabiosae|authority=(Sowerby) Deml & Prillinger 1991|synonyms_ref=<ref name="bladmineerders"></ref>|synonyms={{Species list |Bauhinus scabiosae|(Sowerby) Moore, 1992 |Ustilago scabiosae|(Sowerby) Deml & Prillinger, 1991 }}}} '''''Microbotryum scabiosae''''' ƙwayoyin cuta ne wanda ke cutar da tsire-tsire a cikin jinsin ''Knautia'' . Yana samar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin ochraceous a cikin anthers na shuka mai masauki.<ref name="bladmineerders">{{Cite web |last=Ellis, W. N. |year=2001 |title=''Microbotryum scabiosae'' |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/parasites/fungi/dikarya/basidiomycota/pucciniomycotina/microbotryomycetes/microbotryomycetidae/microbotryales/microbotryaceae/microbotryum/microbotryum-scabiosae/ |access-date=26 January 2025 |website=bladmineerders.nl}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q10584124}} 15sutdi0apxxcbjdn8zbd9t6y85sm2c 0 159150 863435 2026-06-21T19:17:28Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1250391123|Bahi]]" 863435 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox ib-settlement vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn org">Bahi</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |<div class="category">Birni</div> |- class="mergedtoprow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Location map/styles.css"></templatestyles><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px">[[Fayil:Tanzania_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|250x250px|Bahi is located in Tanzania]]<div class="od notheme" style="top:46.813%;left:52.228%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px">[[Fayil:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|6x6px|Bahi]]</div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Bahi</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Wurin da yake a Tanzania</div></div></div></div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |Hanyar sadarwa: 05°57′10′′S 35°18′43′′E / 5.95278°S 35.31194°E / -5.95278; 35.31194.<span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bahi&params=05_57_10_S_35_18_43_E_region:TZ_type:city <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">05°57′10′′S</span> <span class="longitude">35°18′43′′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">/&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x68;&#x61;&#x75;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x68;&#x61;&#x75;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x68;&#x61;&#x75;&#x5F;&#x5F;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">5.95278 ° S 35.31194 ° E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-5.95278; 35.31194</span></span></span>]</span></span> |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |[[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]][[Fayil:Flag_of_Tanzania.svg|25x25px]] |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yankin | class="infobox-data" |Yankin Dodoma |- class="mergedrow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Gundumar | class="infobox-data" |Gundumar Bahi |- class="mergedtoprow" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yankin lokaci | class="infobox-data" |GMT + 3 |} ekh0olivl1gljrqtlifioj34wcah04e 0 159151 863436 2026-06-21T19:17:55Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338049066|Microbotryum coronariae]]" 863436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Microbotryum coronariae ex Silene flos-cuculi from iNaturalist photo 509664143.jpg|image_caption=Flowers of ''[[Silene flos-cuculi]]'' infected with ''Microbotryum coronariae''.|genus=Microbotryum|species=coronariae|authority=(Liro) Denchev, 2011<ref name="bladmineerders"></ref>|synonyms_ref=<ref name="bladmineerders"></ref>|synonyms={{Species list |Ustilago coronariae| Liro, 1924 }}}} '''''Microbotryum coronariae''''' ƙwayoyin cuta ne wanda ke kamuwa da ''Silene flos-cuculi'' . Yana samar da spores masu launin ruwan kasa-violet a cikin anthers na shuka mai masaukin.<ref name="bladmineerders">{{Cite web |last=Ellis, W. N. |year=2001–2025 |title=''Microbotryum coronariae'' |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/parasites/fungi/dikarya/basidiomycota/pucciniomycotina/microbotryomycetes/microbotryomycetidae/microbotryales/microbotryaceae/microbotryum/microbotryum-coronariae/ |access-date=26 May 2025 |website=bladmineerders.nl}}</ref> Yana faruwa a Arewacin Turai, daga Ireland gabas zuwa Rasha.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2023 |title=''Microbotryum coronariae'' (Liro) Denchev & T.Denchev |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/7935843 |access-date=26 May 2025 |website=GBIF.org}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q108054624}} a1m6lc0ydq32badhjdtz260augxwc3g 0 159152 863437 2026-06-21T19:18:50Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1317794081|Geralin Thomas]]" 863437 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Geralin Thomas''' ƙwararriyar mai ba da shawara ce a fannin shirya shirye-shirye ta Amurka wacce aka fi sani da fitowarta a shirin talabijin ''[[Masu tarawa (jerin talabijin)|na Hoarders]]'' . Ita ce mamallakin kamfanin Metropolitan Organizing, <ref>{{Cite web |title=ABOUT GERALIN THOMAS Dedicated to Reducing Career-Related Confusion and Replacing Chaos With Clarity and Confidence |url=https://www.metropolitanorganizing.com/about-geralin-thomas/ |website=www.metropolitanorganizing.com}}</ref> da ke Cary, North Carolina . == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Thomas a Geralin Henning a shekarar 1961 a Grosse Pointe, Michigan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-09-02 |title=A&E 'Hoarders' begins, Geralin Thomas interview |url=http://www.monstersandcritics.com/smallscreen/features/article_1498710.php/A&E-Hoarders-begins-Geralin-Thomas-interview#sthash.Oqgc0Cmp.dpuf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811225725/http://www.monstersandcritics.com/smallscreen/features/article_1498710.php/A%26E-Hoarders-begins-Geralin-Thomas-interview#sthash.Oqgc0Cmp.dpuf |archive-date=2010-08-11 |access-date=2014-06-11 |publisher=Monsters and Critics}}</ref> Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a Jami'ar North Carolina, Chapel Hill tare da digiri na farko a tarihin fasaha. <ref>{{Cite web |title="Tiny Tasks: A Room-By-Room Organization Guide" |url=http://www.flashedition.com/publication/?i=98434&p=14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000151/http://www.flashedition.com/publication/?i=98434&p=14 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |access-date=2014-07-18}}</ref> == Sana'a == Thomas ya yi aiki a masana'antar tafiye-tafiye, kafin ya kafa Metropolitan Organizing, LLC, a shekara ta 2002. <ref>[https://nationalpost.com/life/horrors+hoarding/4479171/story.html "The horrors of hoarding"]{{Dead link|date=October 2025}}. ''National Post'', Ben Kaplan, Mar. 21, 2011</ref> Ta fito a shirye-shirye daban-daban, ciki har da: * Canza Lokaci don Cibiyar Raya Rayuwa Mai Kyau , * ''[[Masu tarawa (jerin talabijin)|Hoarders]]'' akan A &amp;amp; E, wanda ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye 22 daga 2009 zuwa 2012, * Nunin Nate Berkus , * Nunin Joy Behar , * A yau , * Gyaran Lokaci. An yi mata hira da shirye-shirye da dama na rediyo kan batutuwa da suka shafi tattarawa da tsara ayyuka na ƙwararru, ciki har da, ''Rediyon Gudanar da Lokaci'', <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-01-27 |title=Internet Talk Radio &#124; Time Management Radio |url=http://webtalkradio.net/internet-talk-radio/time-management-radio/ |access-date=2014-06-11 |publisher=WebTalkRadio.net}}</ref> Blog Talk Radio <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-10-31 |title=What is Compulsive Hoarding? 10/31 by Joy Keys &#124; Psychology Podcasts |url=http://www.blogtalkradio.com/joykeys/2009/10/31/what-is-compulsive-hoarding-1 |access-date=2014-06-11 |publisher=Blogtalkradio.com}}</ref> da Sunny 93 FM. Thomas ta shiga Ƙungiyar Masu Shirya Ƙwararru ta Ƙasa (NAPO) a watan Agusta na 2003, an canza sunan ƙungiyar zuwa Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Masu Samar da Ayyuka da Shirya Ƙungiyoyi ta Ƙasa a 2017. Ta kasance mai koyarwa a NAPO tun 2006. Thomas ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Shugaba a reshen NAPO-NC daga 2004 zuwa 2007 da kuma shugaba daga 2007 zuwa 2008. A shekara ta 2009, Thomas ya zama Kwararren Mai Shirya Shirye-shirye a Tsarin Rashin Tsarin Gudanarwa na Zamani kuma a shekara ta 2013 an nada shi a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Kwararren Mai Rage Tsarin Gudanarwa na Zamani a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na shekara-shekara na 7 da NAPO-Los Angeles ke gabatarwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Geralin Thomas, CPO, CD {{!}} - Triangle Business Journal |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/triangle/potmsearch/detail/submission/1452341/Geralin_Thomas_CPO_CD?l=&time=&ind=&type=&ro=5794 |access-date=2016-07-24 |website=Triangle Business Journal}}</ref> Thomas tana da shafin yanar gizo inda ta yi hira da ƙwararrun masu shirya shirye-shirye [1] kuma ta kasance mai ba da gudummawa ga Clutter Diet daga 2008 har zuwa 2011. Shawarwarinta kan rikice-rikicen tara kuɗi da tsara ƙwararru ana yawan ambaton su a jaridu, mujallu [2], wallafe-wallafe da sauran kafofin watsa labarai na bugawa, ciki har da: Huffington Post, [3] TV Guide [4] da Experience Life Magazine. [5] Ta kuma rubuta labarai ga mujallu daban-daban. [1] == Littattafai == * Thomas, Geralin. Rage Gurɓatar Gida: Nasihu, Dabaru & Sirrin Ciniki (Satumba 2015). Littattafan Firefly. . * Thomas, Geralin. Daga Hoarding zuwa Bege: Fahimtar Mutanen da Ke Ajiye Kuɗi da Yadda Za a Taimaka musu (Afrilu 2015). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9781506148359|<bdi>9781506148359</bdi>]] * An ambace ta a cikin ''littafin Dirty Secret: A Daughter Comes Clean About Her Mother's Tilastive Hoarding'' da kuma ''Jagorar ICD don Haɗin gwiwa da Masu Shiryawa na Ƙwararru'' . == Rayuwa ta sirri == A shekarar 1988, ta auri lauya William Thomas. Suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1961]] 3vweobcl710e7r8cvmce6mx85s5gzg8 863439 863437 2026-06-21T19:19:18Z Sardeeq 39275 863439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Geralin Thomas''' ƙwararriyar mai ba da shawara ce a fannin shirya shirye-shirye ta Amurka wacce aka fi sani da fitowarta a shirin talabijin ''[[Masu tarawa (jerin talabijin)|na Hoarders]]'' . Ita ce mamallakin kamfanin Metropolitan Organizing, <ref>{{Cite web |title=ABOUT GERALIN THOMAS Dedicated to Reducing Career-Related Confusion and Replacing Chaos With Clarity and Confidence |url=https://www.metropolitanorganizing.com/about-geralin-thomas/ |website=www.metropolitanorganizing.com}}</ref> da ke Cary, North Carolina . == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Thomas a Geralin Henning a shekarar 1961 a Grosse Pointe, Michigan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-09-02 |title=A&E 'Hoarders' begins, Geralin Thomas interview |url=http://www.monstersandcritics.com/smallscreen/features/article_1498710.php/A&E-Hoarders-begins-Geralin-Thomas-interview#sthash.Oqgc0Cmp.dpuf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811225725/http://www.monstersandcritics.com/smallscreen/features/article_1498710.php/A%26E-Hoarders-begins-Geralin-Thomas-interview#sthash.Oqgc0Cmp.dpuf |archive-date=2010-08-11 |access-date=2014-06-11 |publisher=Monsters and Critics}}</ref> Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a Jami'ar North Carolina, Chapel Hill tare da digiri na farko a tarihin fasaha. <ref>{{Cite web |title="Tiny Tasks: A Room-By-Room Organization Guide" |url=http://www.flashedition.com/publication/?i=98434&p=14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000151/http://www.flashedition.com/publication/?i=98434&p=14 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |access-date=2014-07-18}}</ref> == Sana'a == Thomas ya yi aiki a masana'antar tafiye-tafiye, kafin ya kafa Metropolitan Organizing, LLC, a shekara ta 2002. <ref>[https://nationalpost.com/life/horrors+hoarding/4479171/story.html "The horrors of hoarding"]{{Dead link|date=October 2025}}. ''National Post'', Ben Kaplan, Mar. 21, 2011</ref> Ta fito a shirye-shirye daban-daban, ciki har da: * Canza Lokaci don Cibiyar Raya Rayuwa Mai Kyau , * ''[[Masu tarawa (jerin talabijin)|Hoarders]]'' akan A &amp;amp; E, wanda ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye 22 daga 2009 zuwa 2012, * Nunin Nate Berkus , * Nunin Joy Behar , * A yau , * Gyaran Lokaci. An yi mata hira da shirye-shirye da dama na rediyo kan batutuwa da suka shafi tattarawa da tsara ayyuka na ƙwararru, ciki har da, ''Rediyon Gudanar da Lokaci'', <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-01-27 |title=Internet Talk Radio &#124; Time Management Radio |url=http://webtalkradio.net/internet-talk-radio/time-management-radio/ |access-date=2014-06-11 |publisher=WebTalkRadio.net}}</ref> Blog Talk Radio <ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-10-31 |title=What is Compulsive Hoarding? 10/31 by Joy Keys &#124; Psychology Podcasts |url=http://www.blogtalkradio.com/joykeys/2009/10/31/what-is-compulsive-hoarding-1 |access-date=2014-06-11 |publisher=Blogtalkradio.com}}</ref> da Sunny 93 FM. Thomas ta shiga Ƙungiyar Masu Shirya Ƙwararru ta Ƙasa (NAPO) a watan Agusta na 2003, an canza sunan ƙungiyar zuwa Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Masu Samar da Ayyuka da Shirya Ƙungiyoyi ta Ƙasa a 2017. Ta kasance mai koyarwa a NAPO tun 2006. Thomas ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Shugaba a reshen NAPO-NC daga 2004 zuwa 2007 da kuma shugaba daga 2007 zuwa 2008. A shekara ta 2009, Thomas ya zama Kwararren Mai Shirya Shirye-shirye a Tsarin Rashin Tsarin Gudanarwa na Zamani kuma a shekara ta 2013 an nada shi a matsayin Mafi Kyawun Kwararren Mai Rage Tsarin Gudanarwa na Zamani a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na shekara-shekara na 7 da NAPO-Los Angeles ke gabatarwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Geralin Thomas, CPO, CD {{!}} - Triangle Business Journal |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/triangle/potmsearch/detail/submission/1452341/Geralin_Thomas_CPO_CD?l=&time=&ind=&type=&ro=5794 |access-date=2016-07-24 |website=Triangle Business Journal}}</ref> Thomas tana da shafin yanar gizo inda ta yi hira da ƙwararrun masu shirya shirye-shirye [1] kuma ta kasance mai ba da gudummawa ga Clutter Diet daga 2008 har zuwa 2011. Shawarwarinta kan rikice-rikicen tara kuɗi da tsara ƙwararru ana yawan ambaton su a jaridu, mujallu [2], wallafe-wallafe da sauran kafofin watsa labarai na bugawa, ciki har da: Huffington Post, [3] TV Guide [4] da Experience Life Magazine. [5] Ta kuma rubuta labarai ga mujallu daban-daban. [1] == Littattafai == * Thomas, Geralin. Rage Gurɓatar Gida: Nasihu, Dabaru & Sirrin Ciniki (Satumba 2015). Littattafan Firefly. . * Thomas, Geralin. Daga Hoarding zuwa Bege: Fahimtar Mutanen da Ke Ajiye Kuɗi da Yadda Za a Taimaka musu (Afrilu 2015). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9781506148359|<bdi>9781506148359</bdi>]] * An ambace ta a cikin ''littafin Dirty Secret: A Daughter Comes Clean About Her Mother's Tilastive Hoarding'' da kuma ''Jagorar ICD don Haɗin gwiwa da Masu Shiryawa na Ƙwararru'' . == Rayuwa ta sirri == A shekarar 1988, ta auri lauya William Thomas. Suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; &#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1961]] 2ihwux7z1hsf66jo7xir6kimwrxt8c6 0 159153 863438 2026-06-21T19:19:10Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348710806|Mastigosporium]]" 863438 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Automatic taxobox|image=Mastigosporium album on Alopecurus pratensis imported from iNaturalist photo 276650497.jpg|taxon=Mastigosporium}}<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''''Mastigosporium''''' wani nau'i ne na fungi wanda ke haifar da tabo a kan ganyen ciyawa.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2001 |title=''Mastigosporium album'' Riess, 1852 |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/en/parasites/fungi/dikarya/ascomycota/pezizomycotina/leotiomycetes/leotiomycetidae/helotiales/ploettnerulaceae/mastigosporium/mastigosporium-album/ |access-date=12 April 2026 |website=Plant Parasites of Europe}} </ref> [[Fayil:Conidia_of_Mastigosporium_muticum_imported_from_iNaturalist_photo_384310978.jpg|thumb|Conidia na ''Mastigosporium muticum'' a ƙarƙashin girman kai]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{taxonbar|from=Q10578212}} hbgpf06lbe4g9dtfi8z62079ml94jmt 0 159154 863443 2026-06-21T19:21:13Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350880767|White steenbras]]" 863443 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farin steenbras''' ( ''Lithognathus lithognathus'' ) nau'in [[kifi]] ne a cikin dangin Sparidae wanda ya zama ruwan dare a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Saboda yawan kamun kifi, musamman ta hanyar ayyukan raga na seine a [[False Bay]], fararen steenbras yanzu suna cikin haɗari kuma suna gab da zama nau'in 'ba a kiyaye su' a Afirka ta Kudu. Ana lalata manyan wuraren kiwo ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ta hanyar raga na seine a bakin teku kowace shekara, tare da hukumomi ba sa yin komai don hana hakan. An gano nau'in a matsayin fifiko ga bincike, gudanarwa da kiyayewa a cikin Rahoton Matsayin Kifi na Ƙasa. == Manazarta == 0pgxmq3ac6e5mg6oz81kb5n0tbsv69m 863445 863443 2026-06-21T19:21:35Z Engineer014 44591 863445 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Farin steenbras''' ( ''Lithognathus lithognathus'' ) nau'in [[kifi]] ne a cikin dangin Sparidae wanda ya zama ruwan dare a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Saboda yawan kamun kifi, musamman ta hanyar ayyukan raga na seine a [[False Bay]], fararen steenbras yanzu suna cikin haɗari kuma suna gab da zama nau'in 'ba a kiyaye su' a Afirka ta Kudu. Ana lalata manyan wuraren kiwo ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ta hanyar raga na seine a bakin teku kowace shekara, tare da hukumomi ba sa yin komai don hana hakan. An gano nau'in a matsayin fifiko ga bincike, gudanarwa da kiyayewa a cikin Rahoton Matsayin Kifi na Ƙasa. == Manazarta == 070tq69n3ivfrmr6gy722lh4ohk1426 0 159155 863446 2026-06-21T19:22:52Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349787475|International Cocoa Quarantine Centre]]" 863446 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Infobox organization|name=International Cocoa Quarantine Centre|abbreviation=ICQC|founder=|type=|headquarters=[[Arborfield]]|membership=|language=|owner=<!-- or | owners = -->|secretary_general=<!-- or | gen_sec for General Secretary -->|ideology=|subsidiaries=|budget=|revenue=}}Cibiyar Keɓewar Cocoa ta Duniya (ICQC), da ke Arborfield, wani yanki na Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom, kungiya ce da ke da niyyar rage yawan cututtukan da ke shafar tsire-tsire na koko. Ana keɓe tsire-tsire na koko a cikin ɗaki mai mita 1,000 (11,000 sq kafin a kai su a duk faɗin duniya.[1][2][3][4][5] Ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire na kwaya mai mahimmanci saboda sama da kashi 70% na wadatar kwaya ta duniya ta samo asali ne daga Yammacin Afirka, sabili da haka kasuwar kwaya tana da saukin kamuwa da duk wani mummunan sakamako da ya kamata ya faru a wannan yankin. ICQC wani bangare ne na Jami'ar Karatu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2015 |title=The Fate Of The World's Chocolate Depends On This Spot In Rural England |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/03/11/392355408/the-fate-of-the-worlds-chocolate-depends-on-this-spot-in-rural-england |access-date=17 June 2015 |website=[[NPR]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Securing the future of chocolate – new home for Reading's Cocoa Quarantine Centre |url=https://www.reading.ac.uk/news-and-events/releases/PR619676.aspx |access-date=17 June 2015 |website=University of Reading}}</ref> An kafa shi a shekarar 1985. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|30em}} == Haɗin waje == * Cibiyar Keɓewar Cocoa ta Duniya, Jami'ar Karatu {{Chocolate}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] sa6l2tzhqyb6cybdeesrxrbr2g4ylg8 0 159156 863447 2026-06-21T19:23:27Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355301623|Puffadder shyshark]]" 863447 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Puffadder shyshark''' ( '''''Haploblepharus edwardsii''''' ), wanda aka fi sani da '''Happy Eddie''', nau'in shark ne na dangin Pentanchidae, wato manyan kifayen ruwa. Wannan nau'in yana da alaƙa da ruwan da ke da yanayin zafi a bakin tekun [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Ana samun wannan kifin shark a ko kusa da ƙasa a cikin wuraren zama na yashi ko duwatsu, daga yankin da ke tsakanin teku zuwa zurfin {{Convert|130|m|ft}} . Yawanci yana kaiwa {{Convert|60|cm|in}} tsawonsa, puffadder shyshark yana da jiki da kai siriri, mai faɗi. An yi masa zane mai ban mamaki da jerin "sirdi" masu duhu masu haske da launin orange da ƙananan tabo fari da yawa a bayansa. [[Natal shyshark]] ( ''H. kistnasamyi'' ), wanda aka bayyana a hukumance a shekarar 2006, an taɓa ɗaukarsa a matsayin wani nau'i na puffadder shyshark. Idan aka yi barazana, puffadder shyshark (da sauran membobin wannan nau'in) yana lanƙwasawa cikin da'ira tare da wutsiyarsa da ke rufe idanunsa, wanda hakan ya haifar da sunayen gida "shyshark" da "donut". Mafarauci ne wanda ke cin abinci galibi a kan crustaceans, polychaete tsutsotsi, da ƙananan kifayen ƙashi . Wannan kifin shark yana da ƙaiƙayi kuma mata suna saka ƙwayoyin ƙwai ɗaya ko biyu a kan gine-ginen ƙarƙashin ruwa. Ba tare da cutar da mutane ba, galibi masunta na kasuwanci da na nishaɗi galibi ana jefar da shi a cikin puffadder shyshark saboda ƙaramin girmansa. Ƙungiyar Kare Yanayi ta Duniya (IUCN) ta kimanta shi a matsayin mai haɗari, saboda dukkan al'ummarsa suna cikin yanki mai iyaka kuma karuwar matsin lamba na kamun kifi ko [[Rashin mazaunin|lalacewar muhalli]] na iya shafar shi. == Tsarin Halitta da Tsarin Halitta == [[Fayil:The_Greater_Cat-Fish.jpg|left|thumb|George Edwards ya zana puffadder shyshark daga ''Gleanings of Natural History'' (1760).]] An fara ambaton sunan puffadder shyshark a cikin adabi ta shahararren masanin kimiyyar halittu ɗan Ingila George Edwards a shekarar 1760, mai suna ''Catulus major vulgaris'', <ref>{{Cite book|last3=George Edwards (naturalist)}}</ref> na mutane uku da aka kama a [[Cape of Good Hope]] waɗanda tun daga lokacin suka ɓace. A shekarar 1817, masanin kimiyyar dabbobi ɗan Faransa Georges Cuvier ya bayyana wannan nau'in a matsayin "Scyllium D'Edwards", bisa ga labarin Edwards, kodayake ba a ɗauke shi a matsayin ainihin [[Nomenclature na binomial|sunan kimiyya]] ba. A shekarar 1832, masanin kimiyyar dabbobi ɗan Jamus Friedrich Siegmund Voigt ya fassara bayanin Cuvier da sunan ''Scyllium edwardsii'', don haka ya sami suna ga nau'in. Duk da haka, a shekarar 2001 MJP van Oijen ya gano cewa masanin kimiyyar halitta ɗan Switzerland Heinrich Rudolf Schinz ya bayar da fassarar rubutun Cuvier da sunan kimiyya mai kyau a shekarar 1822, kuma daga baya Hukumar Kula da Sunayen Dabbobi ta Duniya (ICZN) ta yanke shawara cewa an danganta wannan nau'in da Schinz. <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Heinrich Rudolf Schinz}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature |year=2003 |title=Opinion 2056 (Case 3186). ''Squalus edwardsii'' (currently ''Haploblepharus edwardsii''; Chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes): attributed to Schinz, 1822 and ''edwardsii'' conserved as the correct original spelling of the specific name |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34358000 |journal=Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature |volume=60 |issue=3 |page=250}}</ref> <ref name="human">{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |year=2007 |title=A taxonomic revision of the catshark genus ''Haploblepharus'' Garman 1913 (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) |journal=Zootaxa |volume=1451 |pages=1–40 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1451.1.1}}</ref> A shekarar 1913, masanin dabbobi na Amurka Samuel Garman ya ƙirƙiri sabon nau'in ''Haploblepharus'' don wannan da sauran nau'in shyshark. An taɓa gane nau'ikan puffadder shyshark guda biyu: "Cape" da "Natal", waɗanda suka bambanta a cikin bayyanar da fifikon mazauninsu. A shekara ta 2006, an bayyana siffar "Natal" a matsayin sabon nau'in, [[Natal shyshark]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |last2=Compagno, L.J.V. |name-list-style=amp |year=2006 |title=Description of ''Haploblepharus kistnasamyi'', a new catshark (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae) from South Africa |journal=Zootaxa |volume=1318 |pages=41–58 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1318.1.2}}</ref> Wani bincike na phylogenetic na 2006, wanda ya dogara da kwayoyin halittar DNA guda uku na mitochondrial, ya gano cewa puffadder shyshark shine mafi asalin danginsa, tare da alaƙar 'yar'uwa da clade wanda ke ɗauke da duhun shyshark ( ''H. pictus'' ) da launin ruwan kasa shyshark ( ''H. fuscus'' ). Ba a haɗa Natal shyshark a cikin binciken ba, kodayake yana da kusanci sosai da wannan nau'in a cikin siffa . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |last2=E.P. Owen |last3=L.J.V. Compagno |last4=E.H. Harley |name-list-style=amp |date=May 2006 |title=Testing morphologically based phylogenetic theories within the cartilaginous fishes with molecular data, with special reference to the catshark family (Chondrichthyes; Scyliorhinidae) and the interrelationships within them |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=384–391 |bibcode=2006MolPE..39..384H |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.009 |pmid=16293425}}</ref> Sunan da aka fi sani da "puffadder shyshark" yana nufin puff adder ( ''Bitis arietans'' ), wani macijin Afirka da aka yaɗu sosai tare da launi iri ɗaya. <ref name="ferrari and ferrari">{{Cite book|last1=amp}}</ref> Masana kimiyya suna amfani da "Eddie Mai Farin Ciki" (daga sunan kimiyya ''Haploblepharus edwardsii'' ) ga wannan kifin shark, kuma kwanan nan aka gabatar da shi ga jama'a a matsayin madadin kalmomin da ba a iya tunawa da su ba "shyshark" da "donut", waɗanda za a iya amfani da su ga nau'ikan halittu daban-daban kuma sun ruɗar da ƙoƙarin bincike. <ref name="human">{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |year=2007 |title=A taxonomic revision of the catshark genus ''Haploblepharus'' Garman 1913 (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) |journal=Zootaxa |volume=1451 |pages=1–40 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1451.1.1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHuman,_B.A.2007">Human, B.A. (2007). </cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Fayil:Haploblepharus_edwardsii,_Cape_Town.jpg|alt=Two small sharks lying on white gravel|left|thumb|Puffadder shysharks suna da launi daban-daban na "sirdi" mai launin orange da ƙananan fararen tabo.]] Shyshark mai kama da puffadder ya fi siriri fiye da sauran shyshark, yana da kai mai faɗi, mai faɗi, da hanci mai zagaye. <ref name="human">{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |year=2007 |title=A taxonomic revision of the catshark genus ''Haploblepharus'' Garman 1913 (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) |journal=Zootaxa |volume=1451 |pages=1–40 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1451.1.1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHuman,_B.A.2007">Human, B.A. (2007). </cite></ref> Babban idanu masu siffar oval suna da ƙananan fata masu siffar kura, wani membrane mai laushi ( fatar ido ta uku mai kariya), da kuma wani ƙaramin gefen da ke ƙasa. Hanci suna da girma sosai, tare da faffadan faffadan fata mai siffar uku a gaba waɗanda aka haɗa su wuri ɗaya suka isa bakin. Akwai wani zurfin rami da ke haɗa buɗewar kowace hanci zuwa baki, wanda aka rufe shi da faffadan hanci. Bakin yana da gajere tare da ƙaya a kusurwoyin muƙamuƙi biyu. Akwai layukan haƙori 26-30 a cikin muƙamuƙi na sama da layukan haƙori 27-33 a cikin muƙamuƙi na ƙasa. Siffar haƙori ba ta da bambanci ta jima'i : na maza sun fi tsayi kuma masu kusurwa uku, yayin da na mata sun fi guntu kuma masu kusurwa biyar. Ba kamar yadda aka saba ba, rabin muƙamuƙi biyu suna da alaƙa da wani sinadari na musamman, wanda ke ba da damar rarraba haƙora daidai kuma yana iya ƙara ƙarfin cizo. en35anx6nf4o6wlf0y6uo1rt3rgygiw 863448 863447 2026-06-21T19:23:59Z Engineer014 44591 863448 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Puffadder shyshark''' ( '''''Haploblepharus edwardsii''''' ), wanda aka fi sani da '''Happy Eddie''', nau'in shark ne na dangin Pentanchidae, wato manyan kifayen ruwa. Wannan nau'in yana da alaƙa da ruwan da ke da yanayin zafi a bakin tekun [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Ana samun wannan kifin shark a ko kusa da ƙasa a cikin wuraren zama na yashi ko duwatsu, daga yankin da ke tsakanin teku zuwa zurfin {{Convert|130|m|ft}} . Yawanci yana kaiwa {{Convert|60|cm|in}} tsawonsa, puffadder shyshark yana da jiki da kai siriri, mai faɗi. An yi masa zane mai ban mamaki da jerin "sirdi" masu duhu masu haske da launin orange da ƙananan tabo fari da yawa a bayansa. [[Natal shyshark]] ( ''H. kistnasamyi'' ), wanda aka bayyana a hukumance a shekarar 2006, an taɓa ɗaukarsa a matsayin wani nau'i na puffadder shyshark. Idan aka yi barazana, puffadder shyshark (da sauran membobin wannan nau'in) yana lanƙwasawa cikin da'ira tare da wutsiyarsa da ke rufe idanunsa, wanda hakan ya haifar da sunayen gida "shyshark" da "donut". Mafarauci ne wanda ke cin abinci galibi a kan crustaceans, polychaete tsutsotsi, da ƙananan kifayen ƙashi . Wannan kifin shark yana da ƙaiƙayi kuma mata suna saka ƙwayoyin ƙwai ɗaya ko biyu a kan gine-ginen ƙarƙashin ruwa. Ba tare da cutar da mutane ba, galibi masunta na kasuwanci da na nishaɗi galibi ana jefar da shi a cikin puffadder shyshark saboda ƙaramin girmansa. Ƙungiyar Kare Yanayi ta Duniya (IUCN) ta kimanta shi a matsayin mai haɗari, saboda dukkan al'ummarsa suna cikin yanki mai iyaka kuma karuwar matsin lamba na kamun kifi ko [[Rashin mazaunin|lalacewar muhalli]] na iya shafar shi. == Tsarin Halitta da Tsarin Halitta == [[Fayil:The_Greater_Cat-Fish.jpg|left|thumb|George Edwards ya zana puffadder shyshark daga ''Gleanings of Natural History'' (1760).]] An fara ambaton sunan puffadder shyshark a cikin adabi ta shahararren masanin kimiyyar halittu ɗan Ingila George Edwards a shekarar 1760, mai suna ''Catulus major vulgaris'', <ref>{{Cite book|last3=George Edwards (naturalist)}}</ref> na mutane uku da aka kama a [[Cape of Good Hope]] waɗanda tun daga lokacin suka ɓace. A shekarar 1817, masanin kimiyyar dabbobi ɗan Faransa Georges Cuvier ya bayyana wannan nau'in a matsayin "Scyllium D'Edwards", bisa ga labarin Edwards, kodayake ba a ɗauke shi a matsayin ainihin [[Nomenclature na binomial|sunan kimiyya]] ba. A shekarar 1832, masanin kimiyyar dabbobi ɗan Jamus Friedrich Siegmund Voigt ya fassara bayanin Cuvier da sunan ''Scyllium edwardsii'', don haka ya sami suna ga nau'in. Duk da haka, a shekarar 2001 MJP van Oijen ya gano cewa masanin kimiyyar halitta ɗan Switzerland Heinrich Rudolf Schinz ya bayar da fassarar rubutun Cuvier da sunan kimiyya mai kyau a shekarar 1822, kuma daga baya Hukumar Kula da Sunayen Dabbobi ta Duniya (ICZN) ta yanke shawara cewa an danganta wannan nau'in da Schinz. <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Heinrich Rudolf Schinz}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature |year=2003 |title=Opinion 2056 (Case 3186). ''Squalus edwardsii'' (currently ''Haploblepharus edwardsii''; Chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes): attributed to Schinz, 1822 and ''edwardsii'' conserved as the correct original spelling of the specific name |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34358000 |journal=Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature |volume=60 |issue=3 |page=250}}</ref> <ref name="human">{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |year=2007 |title=A taxonomic revision of the catshark genus ''Haploblepharus'' Garman 1913 (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) |journal=Zootaxa |volume=1451 |pages=1–40 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1451.1.1}}</ref> A shekarar 1913, masanin dabbobi na Amurka Samuel Garman ya ƙirƙiri sabon nau'in ''Haploblepharus'' don wannan da sauran nau'in shyshark. An taɓa gane nau'ikan puffadder shyshark guda biyu: "Cape" da "Natal", waɗanda suka bambanta a cikin bayyanar da fifikon mazauninsu. A shekara ta 2006, an bayyana siffar "Natal" a matsayin sabon nau'in, [[Natal shyshark]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |last2=Compagno, L.J.V. |name-list-style=amp |year=2006 |title=Description of ''Haploblepharus kistnasamyi'', a new catshark (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae) from South Africa |journal=Zootaxa |volume=1318 |pages=41–58 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1318.1.2}}</ref> Wani bincike na phylogenetic na 2006, wanda ya dogara da kwayoyin halittar DNA guda uku na mitochondrial, ya gano cewa puffadder shyshark shine mafi asalin danginsa, tare da alaƙar 'yar'uwa da clade wanda ke ɗauke da duhun shyshark ( ''H. pictus'' ) da launin ruwan kasa shyshark ( ''H. fuscus'' ). Ba a haɗa Natal shyshark a cikin binciken ba, kodayake yana da kusanci sosai da wannan nau'in a cikin siffa . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |last2=E.P. Owen |last3=L.J.V. Compagno |last4=E.H. Harley |name-list-style=amp |date=May 2006 |title=Testing morphologically based phylogenetic theories within the cartilaginous fishes with molecular data, with special reference to the catshark family (Chondrichthyes; Scyliorhinidae) and the interrelationships within them |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=384–391 |bibcode=2006MolPE..39..384H |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.009 |pmid=16293425}}</ref> Sunan da aka fi sani da "puffadder shyshark" yana nufin puff adder ( ''Bitis arietans'' ), wani macijin Afirka da aka yaɗu sosai tare da launi iri ɗaya. <ref name="ferrari and ferrari">{{Cite book|last1=amp}}</ref> Masana kimiyya suna amfani da "Eddie Mai Farin Ciki" (daga sunan kimiyya ''Haploblepharus edwardsii'' ) ga wannan kifin shark, kuma kwanan nan aka gabatar da shi ga jama'a a matsayin madadin kalmomin da ba a iya tunawa da su ba "shyshark" da "donut", waɗanda za a iya amfani da su ga nau'ikan halittu daban-daban kuma sun ruɗar da ƙoƙarin bincike. <ref name="human">{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |year=2007 |title=A taxonomic revision of the catshark genus ''Haploblepharus'' Garman 1913 (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) |journal=Zootaxa |volume=1451 |pages=1–40 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1451.1.1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHuman,_B.A.2007">Human, B.A. (2007). </cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Fayil:Haploblepharus_edwardsii,_Cape_Town.jpg|alt=Two small sharks lying on white gravel|left|thumb|Puffadder shysharks suna da launi daban-daban na "sirdi" mai launin orange da ƙananan fararen tabo.]] Shyshark mai kama da puffadder ya fi siriri fiye da sauran shyshark, yana da kai mai faɗi, mai faɗi, da hanci mai zagaye. <ref name="human">{{Cite journal |last=Human, B.A. |year=2007 |title=A taxonomic revision of the catshark genus ''Haploblepharus'' Garman 1913 (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) |journal=Zootaxa |volume=1451 |pages=1–40 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1451.1.1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHuman,_B.A.2007">Human, B.A. (2007). </cite></ref> Babban idanu masu siffar oval suna da ƙananan fata masu siffar kura, wani membrane mai laushi ( fatar ido ta uku mai kariya), da kuma wani ƙaramin gefen da ke ƙasa. Hanci suna da girma sosai, tare da faffadan faffadan fata mai siffar uku a gaba waɗanda aka haɗa su wuri ɗaya suka isa bakin. Akwai wani zurfin rami da ke haɗa buɗewar kowace hanci zuwa baki, wanda aka rufe shi da faffadan hanci. Bakin yana da gajere tare da ƙaya a kusurwoyin muƙamuƙi biyu. Akwai layukan haƙori 26-30 a cikin muƙamuƙi na sama da layukan haƙori 27-33 a cikin muƙamuƙi na ƙasa. Siffar haƙori ba ta da bambanci ta jima'i : na maza sun fi tsayi kuma masu kusurwa uku, yayin da na mata sun fi guntu kuma masu kusurwa biyar. Ba kamar yadda aka saba ba, rabin muƙamuƙi biyu suna da alaƙa da wani sinadari na musamman, wanda ke ba da damar rarraba haƙora daidai kuma yana iya ƙara ƙarfin cizo. l5lor6w2lxwp3n1qxv77750t78k917m 0 159157 863450 2026-06-21T19:24:40Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1308918525|Inonotus andersonii]]" 863450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Inonotus andersonii imported from iNaturalist photo 150464203 on 15 March 2024.jpg|genus=Inonotus|species=andersonii|authority=(Ellis & Everh.) Černý|synonyms=''Poria andersonii''}} '''''Inonotus andersonii''''', wanda aka fi sani da '''itacen oak canker-rot''' da kuma lalacewar zuciya, nau'in resupinate polypore fungus ne wanda ke samar da jikin 'ya'yan itace a ƙarƙashin itacen itace.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Winter 2010 |title=Decay fungi of oaks and associated hardwoods for western arborists - Jessie A. Glaeser and Kevin T. Smith - Western Arborist |url=https://www.nrs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/jrnl/2010/nrs_2010_glaeser_003.pdf |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=www.nrs.fs.usda.gov |page=37}}</ref> ''I. andersonii'' yana haifar da lalacewar cutar kansa a cikin itacen oak, hickory, cottonwood, da bishiyoyin willow.<ref name="inaturalist-Inonotus andersonii">{{Cite web |title=Inonotus andersonii |url=https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/537039-Inonotus-andersonii |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=iNaturalist |language=en-US}}</ref> Itacen da wannan nau'in ya kamu da shi ya bayyana yana da launi kuma yana raguwa cikin sauƙi. Inda lalacewar sapwood ta kai ga cambium, ana iya kashe cambium, yana haifar da ciwon daji mai ganuwa a waje. Cankers da ''I. andersonii'' ya haifar yawanci suna da tsawo kuma suna iya zama callused a gefen. Yankin da ke kusa da fadadawa ko ciwon daji mai tasowa na iya fitar da nau'o'i daban-daban na ruwan duhu. Rassan da suka kamu ko bishiyoyi na iya nuna alamun raguwa na gaba ɗaya ciki har da rashin girma, raguwa, mutuwa, tsiro na epicormic (gajeren rassan da ke fitowa daga buds a kan manyan rassan diamita) da reshe ko gazawar akwati. Gabaɗaya, itatuwa masu ragowar cutar sankara suna raguwa sannu a hankali, sau da yawa suna bayyana suna mutuwa daga saman zuwa ƙasa yayin da suke raguwa a hankali a cikin shekaru da yawa. Jikin 'ya'yan itace (basidiocarps) na wannan fungus na iya bayyana a kan bishiyoyi masu rai ko a kan rassan da suka gaza kwanan nan. ''I. andersonii'' shine "wani kwayar cuta na gaskiya na bishiyoyi masu rai tare da takamaiman takamaiman itacen oak, [wanda] ke nuna shekara-shekara, yawan 'ya'yan itace, tsarin hyphal monomitic, da kuma ellipsoid, mai launin rawaya, basidiospores masu kauri". ''Inonotus andersonii'' da irin wannan rots na canker sune cututtukan oak na California kuma suna da alaƙa da raguwar itacen oaks, gazawar, da mutuwa a cikin gandun daji da yawa. [[Fayil:Inonotus_andersonii_imported_from_iNaturalist_photo_9132830_on_15_March_2024.jpg|center|thumb|400x400px|White oak log a Clarke County, Georgia, cikakke allurar ''Inonotus andersonii'', halayen kamuwa da cuta da masanin ilimin muhalli Bill Sheehan (iNaturalist) ya lakafta]] == Dubi kuma == * ''Inonotus dryophilus'' == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] p3ak7lyal9ma0oyfu6s8h198xqj7rlx 0 159158 863452 2026-06-21T19:25:26Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346777567|Plyushkin]]" 863452 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Agin_pliuskin.jpg|thumb|''Plyushkin'', zane na Alexander Agin (1846-1847)]] '''Stepan Plyushkin''' ( Russian: ) wani hali ne na almara a cikin littafin Nikolai Gogol mai suna ''Dead Souls'' . Shi mai filaye ne wanda ke tattara duk abin da ya samu cikin tsananin damuwa kuma yana adana duk abin da ya samu, har ta kai ga lokacin da yake son yin bikin yarjejeniya da jarumin Chichikov, sai ya umarci ɗaya daga cikin bayinsa ya nemi kek da wani baƙo ya kawo shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, ya goge ƙurar, ya kawo musu. A lokaci guda, kadarorinsa ba su da inganci sosai; alkama da aka yanka tana ruɓewa a ƙasa kuma duk wani kuɗin shiga da za a iya samu yana ɓacewa. Sunan mahaifinsa ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Rashanci ta "flat bun pastry" ( {{Interlanguage link|plyushka|ru|Плюшка}} ). == Bayani == Plyushkin yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu da ɗa ɗaya, amma bayan mutuwar matarsa, sai ya zama mai zagin maƙwabci . Ƙaramar 'yarsa ta mutu, sauran 'yan'uwansa biyu kuma suka bar gida. Lokacin da 'yarsa Aleksandra Stepanovna ta ziyarce shi sau da yawa da kyaututtuka da jikoki, amma ba ta sami kuɗi ba, sai ta daina zuwa. Lokacin da Chichikov ya haɗu da Plyushkin, ya yi kuskuren ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai hidimar saboda rigarsa mara kyau. == Ciwon Plyushkin == A yau a Rasha, ana amfani da sunan "Plyushkin" a matsayin abin dariya ga mutanen da ke tattarawa da tara abubuwa marasa amfani iri-iri, wani hali da aka sani da tattara abubuwa marasa amfani . Wani lokaci ana amfani da kalmomin "alamar Plyushkin" ko " Ciwon Plyushkin " don bayyana irin waɗannan mutane, [1] da "Plyushkin" ana amfani da su azaman ma'anar metonymic ga masu tattarawa . == Manazarta == 4mp7i0djsv1cacj4n8vbszvhraf9m8k 863454 863452 2026-06-21T19:26:13Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346777567|Plyushkin]]" 863454 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Agin_pliuskin.jpg|thumb|''Plyushkin'', zane na Alexander Agin (1846-1847)]] '''Stepan Plyushkin''' ( Russian: ) wani hali ne na almara a cikin littafin Nikolai Gogol mai suna ''Dead Souls'' . Shi mai filaye ne wanda ke tattara duk abin da ya samu cikin tsananin damuwa kuma yana adana duk abin da ya samu, har ta kai ga lokacin da yake son yin bikin yarjejeniya da jarumin Chichikov, sai ya umarci ɗaya daga cikin bayinsa ya nemi kek da wani baƙo ya kawo shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, ya goge ƙurar, ya kawo musu. A lokaci guda, kadarorinsa ba su da inganci sosai; alkama da aka yanka tana ruɓewa a ƙasa kuma duk wani kuɗin shiga da za a iya samu yana ɓacewa. <ref>Gogol, Nikolai. Dead Souls. Penguin Books.</ref> Sunan mahaifinsa ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Rashanci ta "flat bun pastry" ( {{Interlanguage link|plyushka|ru|Плюшка}} ). == Bayani == Plyushkin yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu da ɗa ɗaya, amma bayan mutuwar matarsa, sai ya zama mai zagin maƙwabci . Ƙaramar 'yarsa ta mutu, sauran 'yan'uwansa biyu kuma suka bar gida. Lokacin da 'yarsa Aleksandra Stepanovna ta ziyarce shi sau da yawa da kyaututtuka da jikoki, amma ba ta sami kuɗi ba, sai ta daina zuwa. Lokacin da Chichikov ya haɗu da Plyushkin, ya yi kuskuren ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai hidimar saboda rigarsa mara kyau. == Ciwon Plyushkin == A yau a Rasha, ana amfani da sunan "Plyushkin" a matsayin abin dariya ga mutanen da ke tattarawa da tara abubuwa marasa amfani iri-iri, wani hali da aka sani da tattara abubuwa marasa amfani . Wani lokaci ana amfani da kalmomin "alamar Plyushkin" ko " Ciwon Plyushkin " don bayyana irin waɗannan mutane, [1] da "Plyushkin" ana amfani da su azaman ma'anar metonymic ga masu tattarawa . == Manazarta == jesrqz4bkde07861oz11h44oaagooyn 863456 863454 2026-06-21T19:26:42Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346777567|Plyushkin]]" 863456 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Agin_pliuskin.jpg|thumb|''Plyushkin'', zane na Alexander Agin (1846-1847)]] '''Stepan Plyushkin''' ( Russian: ) wani hali ne na almara a cikin littafin Nikolai Gogol mai suna ''Dead Souls'' . Shi mai filaye ne wanda ke tattara duk abin da ya samu cikin tsananin damuwa kuma yana adana duk abin da ya samu, har ta kai ga lokacin da yake son yin bikin yarjejeniya da jarumin Chichikov, sai ya umarci ɗaya daga cikin bayinsa ya nemi kek da wani baƙo ya kawo shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, ya goge ƙurar, ya kawo musu. A lokaci guda, kadarorinsa ba su da inganci sosai; alkama da aka yanka tana ruɓewa a ƙasa kuma duk wani kuɗin shiga da za a iya samu yana ɓacewa. <ref>Gogol, Nikolai. Dead Souls. Penguin Books.</ref><ref>Cybulska E., "Senile Squalor: Plyushkin's not Diogenes Syndrome". Psychiatric Bulletin, 1998;22:319–320</ref> Sunan mahaifinsa ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Rashanci ta "flat bun pastry" ( {{Interlanguage link|plyushka|ru|Плюшка}} ). == Bayani == Plyushkin yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu da ɗa ɗaya, amma bayan mutuwar matarsa, sai ya zama mai zagin maƙwabci . Ƙaramar 'yarsa ta mutu, sauran 'yan'uwansa biyu kuma suka bar gida. Lokacin da 'yarsa Aleksandra Stepanovna ta ziyarce shi sau da yawa da kyaututtuka da jikoki, amma ba ta sami kuɗi ba, sai ta daina zuwa. Lokacin da Chichikov ya haɗu da Plyushkin, ya yi kuskuren ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai hidimar saboda rigarsa mara kyau. == Ciwon Plyushkin == A yau a Rasha, ana amfani da sunan "Plyushkin" a matsayin abin dariya ga mutanen da ke tattarawa da tara abubuwa marasa amfani iri-iri, wani hali da aka sani da tattara abubuwa marasa amfani . Wani lokaci ana amfani da kalmomin "alamar Plyushkin" ko " Ciwon Plyushkin " don bayyana irin waɗannan mutane, [1] da "Plyushkin" ana amfani da su azaman ma'anar metonymic ga masu tattarawa . == Manazarta == flcin9ygp76xo88dz46e3xh7manngn1 863457 863456 2026-06-21T19:26:57Z Sardeeq 39275 863457 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Agin_pliuskin.jpg|thumb|''Plyushkin'', zane na Alexander Agin (1846-1847)]] '''Stepan Plyushkin''' ( Russian: ) wani hali ne na almara a cikin littafin Nikolai Gogol mai suna ''Dead Souls'' . Shi mai filaye ne wanda ke tattara duk abin da ya samu cikin tsananin damuwa kuma yana adana duk abin da ya samu, har ta kai ga lokacin da yake son yin bikin yarjejeniya da jarumin Chichikov, sai ya umarci ɗaya daga cikin bayinsa ya nemi kek da wani baƙo ya kawo shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, ya goge ƙurar, ya kawo musu. A lokaci guda, kadarorinsa ba su da inganci sosai; alkama da aka yanka tana ruɓewa a ƙasa kuma duk wani kuɗin shiga da za a iya samu yana ɓacewa. <ref>Gogol, Nikolai. Dead Souls. Penguin Books.</ref><ref>Cybulska E., "Senile Squalor: Plyushkin's not Diogenes Syndrome". Psychiatric Bulletin, 1998;22:319–320</ref> Sunan mahaifinsa ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Rashanci ta "flat bun pastry" ( {{Interlanguage link|plyushka|ru|Плюшка}} ). == Bayani == Plyushkin yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu da ɗa ɗaya, amma bayan mutuwar matarsa, sai ya zama mai zagin maƙwabci . Ƙaramar 'yarsa ta mutu, sauran 'yan'uwansa biyu kuma suka bar gida. Lokacin da 'yarsa Aleksandra Stepanovna ta ziyarce shi sau da yawa da kyaututtuka da jikoki, amma ba ta sami kuɗi ba, sai ta daina zuwa. Lokacin da Chichikov ya haɗu da Plyushkin, ya yi kuskuren ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai hidimar saboda rigarsa mara kyau. == Ciwon Plyushkin == A yau a Rasha, ana amfani da sunan "Plyushkin" a matsayin abin dariya ga mutanen da ke tattarawa da tara abubuwa marasa amfani iri-iri, wani hali da aka sani da tattara abubuwa marasa amfani . Wani lokaci ana amfani da kalmomin "alamar Plyushkin" ko " Ciwon Plyushkin " don bayyana irin waɗannan mutane, [1] da "Plyushkin" ana amfani da su azaman ma'anar metonymic ga masu tattarawa . == Manazarta == aamfkkn1o159kdqk2xwa63x5v8wbjop 0 159159 863453 2026-06-21T19:25:29Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339061091|Erysiphe euonymicola]]" 863453 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> {{Speciesbox|image=Erysiphe euonymicola 255484459.jpg|image_caption=''Erysiphe euonymicola'' on a leaf of ''[[Euonymus japonicus]]''.|genus=Erysiphe|species=euonymicola|authority=Braun, 2012|synonyms_ref=<ref name="bladmineerders"></ref>|synonyms=* ''Erysiphe euonymi-japonici'' {{small|(Arcangeli) Braun & Takamatsu, 2000}} * ''Microsphaera euonymi-japonici'' {{small|(Arcangeli) Hara, 1921}}}} '''''Erysiphe euonymicola''''' ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ne wanda ke kamuwa da ''Euonymus fortunei'' da Euononymous japonicus . <ref name="bladmineerders">{{Cite web |last=Ellis, W. N. |year=2024 |title=''Erysiphe euonymicola'' |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/parasites/fungi/dikarya/ascomycota/pezizomycotina/leotiomycetes/leotiomycetidae/helotiales/erysiphaceae/erysiphe/erysiphe-euonymicola/ |access-date=20 February 2025 |website=bladmineerders.nl}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q107671379}} tmh7ylb9pynqmqyjp3pvpfmibiluu26 0 159160 863455 2026-06-21T19:26:30Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1210248369|Disease package]]" 863455 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />A cikin kimiyyar shuke-shuke, '''Kunshin cututtukan''' shuka shine kamuwa / juriya na wannan shuka, a cikin maganganu masu mahimmanci.<ref name="AgCrops">{{Cite web |date=1999-02-22 |title=Choosing Varieties & Hybrids for 2020 - Check Disease Resistance Ratings |url=http://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2019-41/choosing-varieties-hybrids-2020-check-disease-resistance-ratings |access-date=2020-11-24 |website=Agronomic Crops Network |publisher=[[Ohio State University]] Extension}}</ref> Ba daidai ba ne a cikakkiyar ma'anar amma ana nufin ya zama da amfani yayin kwatanta wani nau'i da wani, dangane.<ref name="AgCrops" /><ref name="Alforex-Seeds">{{Cite web |date=2019-09-19 |title=Alfalfa Disease Resistance Index – Alforex Seeds |url=http://www.alforexseeds.com/alfalfa-disease-resistance-index/ |access-date=2020-11-24 |website=Alforex Seeds}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} m0p1tb2zgy2on7mrhk9a2qj630794vv 0 159161 863458 2026-06-21T19:36:13Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1326813166|Cystotheca nanyuensis]]" 863458 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|name=Cystotheca nanyuensis|genus=Cystotheca|species=nanyuensis|authority=(J.L. Zhou) U. Braun, 2012|synonyms={{species list |Cystotheca wrightii var. nanyuensis |J.L. Zhou, 1998 }}}} '''''Cystotheca''''' '''''Nanyuensis''''' wani nau'in foda ne a cikin iyalin Erysiphaceae . Ana samunsa a [[Asiya]] a kan tsire-tsire a cikin jinsin ''Quercus'' .   == Bayyanawa == Yawancin nau'ikan ''Cystotheca'' suna samar da yawa, fari ko launin ruwan kasa, suna karkatar da su a kan ganyen rundunonin su. Wasu nau'o'in a cikin wannan nau'in kuma an san su da haifar da gogewar maƙaryaci a kan rundunonin su. ''Cystotheca'' ''Nanyuensis'', kamar yawancin Erysiphaceae, yana da takamaiman masu masauki kuma yana kamuwa da nau'in jinsin ''Quercus'' kawai. A halin yanzu an san shi ne kawai daga tarin nau'in, a kan ''Quercus hypargyrea'' . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Bradshaw |first=Michael |last2=Braun |first2=Uwe |last3=Quijada |first3=Luis |last4=Coombes |first4=Allen J. |last5=Contreras-Paredes |first5=Carlos |last6=Pfister |first6=Donald H. |date=2023-05-04 |title=Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genera of Erysiphaceae, part 3: Cystotheca |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2023.2194172 |journal=Mycologia |volume=115 |issue=3 |pages=427–436 |doi=10.1080/00275514.2023.2194172 |issn=0027-5514 |pmid=37159342 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Tarihin lissafi == J.L. Zhou ya bayyana fungus a hukumance a cikin 1998 a matsayin nau'ikan ''C. wrightii'' tare da basionym C.''C. wrightii'' var. ''Nanyuensis''. Uwe Braun ya ɗaga iri-iri zuwa nau'in a cikin 2012. An tattara nau'in samfurin a kasar Sin. == Mai karɓar bakuncin da kuma cututtukan == * Cystotheca nanyuensis takamaiman ne, a halin yanzu an san shi ne kawai daga Quercus hypargyrea. Kamar sauran ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, yana samar da fararen fararen farar fata a saman ganye, wanda zai iya haifar da karkatarwa ko rage ƙarfin photosynthetic. Cutar ba ta da kyau amma tana iya haifar da mummunar lalacewa. Babu wani tasirin tattalin arziki da aka rubuta, amma takamaimansa yana nuna alaƙar juyin halitta tare da mai masaukin sa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Bradshaw |first=Michael |last2=Braun |first2=Uwe |last3=Quijada |first3=Luis |last4=Coombes |first4=Allen J. |last5=Contreras-Paredes |first5=Carlos |last6=Pfister |first6=Donald H. |date=2023-05-04 |title=Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genera of Erysiphaceae, part 3: Cystotheca |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2023.2194172 |journal=Mycologia |volume=115 |issue=3 |pages=427–436 |doi=10.1080/00275514.2023.2194172 |issn=0027-5514 |pmid=37159342 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}<templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] pbtlplxuofloa2r6vbnl5lwzjc47acl 0 159162 863459 2026-06-21T19:37:21Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1176994089|Blackheart (plant disease)]]" 863459 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Blackheart''' cuta ce da ba ta kwayar cuta ba daga 'ya'yan itace na shuke-shuke da aka noma, kamar tumatir, wanda ke sa su ruɓe daga ciki. Alamun waje na cutar na iya kasancewa ko a'a. Rashin duhu na ciki yana tasowa a cikin tsire-tsire da ke fuskantar cututtukan muhalli kamar yanayin fari ko ƙasa mara kyau. == Ragewar ƙarshen fure == Blossom-end rot is another sign of plant disease that may accompany blackheart in the same plant. A black rot originates opposite the stem area of the plant fruit (the "blossom-end"), and spreads over the fruit as a dark, hardened area. The causes of blossom-end rot and blackheart are the same.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2023}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Dalilai da magani == Dalilin da ya fi dacewa da lalacewar fure da / ko baƙin zuciya shine bayyanar zafi mai tsawo, ko lokacin fari. Wadannan cututtukan shuke-shuke na iya haifar da ƙarancin ma'adanai na calcium a cikin ƙasa. Ya kamata a karɓi 'ya'yan itace na shuka da ke fama da lalacewar fure ko baƙar fata kuma a watsar da su, suna barin' ya'yan itacen lafiya a kan shuka. Duk da yake yanayin ba ya yaduwa kuma ba zai yadu daga 'ya'yan itace zuwa'yan itacen ba, cire' ya'yan itaci da ya shafa zai ba da damar shuka ta mai da hankali ga sassa masu lafiya na shuka. Ya kamata a kara ƙarin ruwa ga shuka da ke fama da tasirin zafi, bushewa. Idan ƙananan calcium a cikin ƙasa shine dalilin, ana iya magance wannan tare da taki mai wadataccen calcium, kamar gypsum, dutse, ko ƙwanƙwasa ƙwai na ƙasa. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rxdo69u9ih1i9ince7h40hso047d26r 0 159163 863463 2026-06-21T19:41:09Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355318663|Honeycomb Izak]]" 863463 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kaza mai kama da Izak''' ko '''Natal Izak''' ( '''''Holohalaelurus favus''''' ) nau'in kifin shark ne na dangin Pentanchidae, wato katakai masu zurfi a cikin ruwa. Ana samun wannan nau'in a [[Tekun Indiya]] ta Yamma, kusa da [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Tsawonsa ya kai kimanin santimita 50.&nbsp;cm. Tun daga tsakiyar shekarun 1970, ba a tattara wani samfuri ba, har ma da binciken bambancin halittu na baya-bayan nan (2002 da 2003). == Manazarta == m33msrofwazipxnqnnulckvitylx5rk 863464 863463 2026-06-21T19:41:31Z Engineer014 44591 863464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kaza mai kama da Izak''' ko '''Natal Izak''' ( '''''Holohalaelurus favus''''' ) nau'in kifin shark ne na dangin Pentanchidae, wato katakai masu zurfi a cikin ruwa. Ana samun wannan nau'in a [[Tekun Indiya]] ta Yamma, kusa da [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Tsawonsa ya kai kimanin santimita 50.&nbsp;cm. Tun daga tsakiyar shekarun 1970, ba a tattara wani samfuri ba, har ma da binciken bambancin halittu na baya-bayan nan (2002 da 2003). == Manazarta == 9lc66j7xjaw0pxadi5icbtxevx8xc2n 0 159164 863465 2026-06-21T19:42:26Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1315275812|Ringneck blenny]]" 863465 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ringneck blenny''' ( '''''Parablennius pilicornis''''' ) wani nau'in combtooth blenny ne da ya yaɗu a cikin ruwan gabar tekun Gabashin [[Tekun Atalanta|Atlantika]] daga [[Ispaniya|Spain]] da [[Portugal]] zuwa [[Möwe Bay]], [[Namibiya|Namibia]], a cikin [[Bahar Rum|Tekun Bahar Rum]] daga [[Moroko|Morocco]], [[Aljeriya|Algeria]], [[Ispaniya|Spain]] . A cikin Tekun Kudu maso Yammacin [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] ana samunsa kusa da [[Brazil]] da Patagonia, [[Argentina]] . Hakanan a cikin [[Tekun Indiya]] ta Yamma daga [[Geography na Afirka ta Kudu|Natal]] zuwa Knysna a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Wannan nau'in yana kai tsawon {{Convert|12.7|cm|in}} SL . Ita ce nau'in nau'in halittar ''Parablennius'' == Manazarta == jviucsa1awpqrysvw42f51e1ojpc7fz 863466 863465 2026-06-21T19:42:45Z Engineer014 44591 863466 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ringneck blenny''' ( '''''Parablennius pilicornis''''' ) wani nau'in combtooth blenny ne da ya yaɗu a cikin ruwan gabar tekun Gabashin [[Tekun Atalanta|Atlantika]] daga [[Ispaniya|Spain]] da [[Portugal]] zuwa [[Möwe Bay]], [[Namibiya|Namibia]], a cikin [[Bahar Rum|Tekun Bahar Rum]] daga [[Moroko|Morocco]], [[Aljeriya|Algeria]], [[Ispaniya|Spain]] . A cikin Tekun Kudu maso Yammacin [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] ana samunsa kusa da [[Brazil]] da Patagonia, [[Argentina]] . Hakanan a cikin [[Tekun Indiya]] ta Yamma daga [[Geography na Afirka ta Kudu|Natal]] zuwa Knysna a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Wannan nau'in yana kai tsawon {{Convert|12.7|cm|in}} SL . Ita ce nau'in nau'in halittar ''Parablennius'' == Manazarta == hcl2ghlg1p4kgyh4v2koyzdij0bm7kv 0 159165 863467 2026-06-21T19:43:57Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355296115|Leafscale gulper shark]]" 863467 wikitext text/x-wiki Kifin '''shark mai siffar ganye''' ( '''''Centrophorus squamosus''''' ) kifin kare ne na dangin Centrophoridae . An ruwaito cewa ''C. squamosus'' yana da tsawon rai na kimanin shekaru 70, bisa ga adadin zoben otolith . Shi ne nau'in farko da aka bayyana a cikin nau'in Centrophorus, wanda yanzu ya ƙunshi nau'ikan 13. Kifin shark mai siffar ganye ba shi da fin ɗin dubura, fin ɗin dorsal guda biyu masu kashin baya, babban idanu, da kuma haƙoran da ke kama da ganye. Tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|158|cm|ftin}} . == Rarrabawa == Gabashin Tekun [[Tekun Atalanta|Atlantika]] yana kewaye da gangaren nahiyar daga kudu zuwa [[Ayislan|Iceland]] zuwa [[Cape of Good Hope]], yammacin [[Tekun Indiya]] a kusa da Tsibirin Aldabra, da yammacin Tekun [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] a kusa da [[Honshu]], [[Japan]], [[Filipin|Philippines]], kudu maso gabashin [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]], da [[New Zealand]] . == Halaye da wurin zama == Shark ɗin gulper yana zaune kusa da ƙasan ƙasa tsakanin {{Convert|230|and|2360|m|ft}}, amma yawanci ƙasa da {{Convert|1000|m|ft}} . Haka kuma yana faruwa a zahiri a cikin ruwa mai zurfi. Wataƙila yana cin kifi da ƙwayoyin cuta . Yana da ovoviviparous tare da matsakaicin ƙananan yara biyar a kowace zuriya. Ana amfani da namansa busasshe da gishiri don amfanin ɗan adam da kuma abincin kifi . == Matsayin kiyayewa == [[Ma'aikatar Karewa (New Zealand)|Ma'aikatar Kula da Kare Muhalli]] ta New Zealand ta rarraba kifin shark mai siffar ganye a matsayin "Ba a Barazana ba" tare da cancantar "Secure Overseas" a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Rarraba Barazana na New Zealand . == Manazarta == gxui00pr14xvv6q4yeebmp4pxx01im2 863468 863467 2026-06-21T19:44:20Z Engineer014 44591 863468 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Kifin '''shark mai siffar ganye''' ( '''''Centrophorus squamosus''''' ) kifin kare ne na dangin Centrophoridae . An ruwaito cewa ''C. squamosus'' yana da tsawon rai na kimanin shekaru 70, bisa ga adadin zoben otolith . Shi ne nau'in farko da aka bayyana a cikin nau'in Centrophorus, wanda yanzu ya ƙunshi nau'ikan 13. Kifin shark mai siffar ganye ba shi da fin ɗin dubura, fin ɗin dorsal guda biyu masu kashin baya, babban idanu, da kuma haƙoran da ke kama da ganye. Tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|158|cm|ftin}} . == Rarrabawa == Gabashin Tekun [[Tekun Atalanta|Atlantika]] yana kewaye da gangaren nahiyar daga kudu zuwa [[Ayislan|Iceland]] zuwa [[Cape of Good Hope]], yammacin [[Tekun Indiya]] a kusa da Tsibirin Aldabra, da yammacin Tekun [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] a kusa da [[Honshu]], [[Japan]], [[Filipin|Philippines]], kudu maso gabashin [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]], da [[New Zealand]] . == Halaye da wurin zama == Shark ɗin gulper yana zaune kusa da ƙasan ƙasa tsakanin {{Convert|230|and|2360|m|ft}}, amma yawanci ƙasa da {{Convert|1000|m|ft}} . Haka kuma yana faruwa a zahiri a cikin ruwa mai zurfi. Wataƙila yana cin kifi da ƙwayoyin cuta . Yana da ovoviviparous tare da matsakaicin ƙananan yara biyar a kowace zuriya. Ana amfani da namansa busasshe da gishiri don amfanin ɗan adam da kuma abincin kifi . == Matsayin kiyayewa == [[Ma'aikatar Karewa (New Zealand)|Ma'aikatar Kula da Kare Muhalli]] ta New Zealand ta rarraba kifin shark mai siffar ganye a matsayin "Ba a Barazana ba" tare da cancantar "Secure Overseas" a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Rarraba Barazana na New Zealand . == Manazarta == pic12hcseuc4swpz5ju4i3vwxgpq51f 0 159166 863469 2026-06-21T19:45:31Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360416099|Hippocampus nalu]]" 863469 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Hippocampus nalu''''', '''dokin teku na Sodwana pygmy''', <ref name="ShortClaassens2020">{{Cite journal |last=Short |first=Graham |last2=Claassens |first2=Louw |last3=Smith |first3=Richard |last4=De Brauwer |first4=Maarten |last5=Hamilton |first5=Healy |last6=Stat |first6=Michael |last7=Harasti |first7=David |year=2020 |title=Hippocampus nalu, a new species of pygmy seahorse from South Africa, and the first record of a pygmy seahorse from the Indian Ocean (Teleostei, Syngnathidae) |journal=ZooKeys |issue=934 |pages=141–156 |bibcode=2020ZooK..934..141S |doi=10.3897/zookeys.934.50924 |issn=1313-2970 |pmc=7253503 |pmid=32508498 |doi-access=free}}</ref> '''dokin teku na pygmy na Afirka''' <ref name="ShortClaassens2020" /> ko '''dokin teku na zuma''', <ref name="ShortClaassens2020" /> nau'in dokin teku ne na Afirka ta Kudu a cikin dangin Syngnathidae . <ref name="natgeo">{{Cite web |last=Main |first=Douglas |date=2020-05-20 |title=New pygmy seahorse discovered, first of its kind in Africa |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2020/05/new-pygmy-seahorse-species-discovered-africa/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521043031/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2020/05/new-pygmy-seahorse-species-discovered-africa/ |archive-date=May 21, 2020 |access-date=2020-05-22 |website=National Geographic}}</ref> Wata ƙungiyar masu bincike ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta bayyana gano nau'in, wanda ke zaune a cikin ruwan [[Kogin Sodwana|Sodwana Bay]] a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] a watan Mayu na 2020. <ref name="phys">{{Cite web |last=University of Leeds |date=2020-05-20 |title=Meet Africa's first pygmy seahorse species |url=https://phys.org/news/2020-05-africa-pygmy-seahorse-species.html |access-date=2020-05-22 |website=Phys.org}}</ref> Wannan ƙaramin doki mai launin shuɗi shi ne farkon da aka sani da dokin teku mai launin shuɗi wanda ke zaune a cikin ruwa a kusa da [[Afirka]] . Lokacin da wani mai nutsewa daga yankin ya ba wa masu binciken shawara, ƙungiyar masu binciken daga baya ta gano wannan doki mai launin shuɗi . <ref name="phys" /> Ƙungiyar da ta yi wannan binciken ta isa [[Afirka ta Kudu]] don neman dokin bututu mai shuɗi kuma ba da gangan ba ta sami wannan sabon nau'in. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2020 |title=pygmy seahorse |url=https://crittersresearch.com/tag/pygmy-seahorse/ |website=critter research}}</ref> == Bayani == ''Hippocampus nalu'' yayi kama da ''H. pontohi'' da ''H. japapigu'' a kamanninsu da launinsu, manya suna da fata mai launin ruwan kasa da zuma tare da rufe farin reticulation mara tsari da wutsiya ja, kuma yara ƙanana suna da launin duhu. Kamar yawancin syngnathids, launinsu yana taimaka musu su ɓoye mazauninsu, da kuma algae. Siffar kashin baya daban-daban ''ta Hippocampus nalu'' a gefen babban tudu kuma tana bambanta nau'in da sauran dokin teku. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Short |first=Graham |last2=Claassens |first2=Louw |last3=Smith |first3=Richard |last4=Brauwer |first4=Maarten |last5=Hamilton |first5=Healy |last6=Stat |first6=Michael |last7=Harasti |first7=David |date=19 May 2020 |title=Hippocampus nalu, a new species of pygmy seahorse from South Africa, and the first record of a pygmy seahorse from the Indian Ocean (Teleostei, Syngnathidae) |journal=ZooKeys |issue=934 |page=156 |bibcode=2020ZooK..934..141S |doi=10.3897/zookeys.934.50924 |pmc=7253503 |pmid=32508498 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Kasancewar dokin teku mai launin pygmy, ''H. nalu'' ƙarami ne sosai, tare da yara ƙanana suna da tsayin kusan mm 10 kuma manya suna girma zuwa tsawon santimita 2. <ref name="ShortClaassens2020" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=McGreevey |first=Nora |date=May 29, 2020 |title=Newly Discovered Pygmy Seahorse Species Is the Size of a Fingernail |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/newly-discovered-pygmy-seahorse-species-size-fingernail-180975001/ |access-date=June 22, 2020 |website=Smithsonian Magazine}}</ref> == Mazauni == A halin yanzu an san wannan nau'in yana faruwa ne kawai a cikin ruwan bakin teku mai zurfi, a zurfin da ke tsakanin mita 12 zuwa 17 wanda ke ɗauke da murjani mai faɗi da aka gina da dutse mai faɗi da kuma gajerun ciyawar algal . <ref name="ShortClaassens2020">{{Cite journal |last=Short |first=Graham |last2=Claassens |first2=Louw |last3=Smith |first3=Richard |last4=De Brauwer |first4=Maarten |last5=Hamilton |first5=Healy |last6=Stat |first6=Michael |last7=Harasti |first7=David |year=2020 |title=Hippocampus nalu, a new species of pygmy seahorse from South Africa, and the first record of a pygmy seahorse from the Indian Ocean (Teleostei, Syngnathidae) |journal=ZooKeys |issue=934 |pages=141–156 |bibcode=2020ZooK..934..141S |doi=10.3897/zookeys.934.50924 |issn=1313-2970 |pmc=7253503 |pmid=32508498 |doi-access=free}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFShortClaassensSmithDe_Brauwer2020">Short, Graham; Claassens, Louw; Smith, Richard; De Brauwer, Maarten; Hamilton, Healy; Stat, Michael; Harasti, David (2020). </cite></ref> == Manazarta == 2hafbyuxi7dg9etybf0de5xduvme85j 863470 863469 2026-06-21T19:45:59Z Engineer014 44591 863470 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Hippocampus nalu''''', '''dokin teku na Sodwana pygmy''', <ref name="ShortClaassens2020">{{Cite journal |last=Short |first=Graham |last2=Claassens |first2=Louw |last3=Smith |first3=Richard |last4=De Brauwer |first4=Maarten |last5=Hamilton |first5=Healy |last6=Stat |first6=Michael |last7=Harasti |first7=David |year=2020 |title=Hippocampus nalu, a new species of pygmy seahorse from South Africa, and the first record of a pygmy seahorse from the Indian Ocean (Teleostei, Syngnathidae) |journal=ZooKeys |issue=934 |pages=141–156 |bibcode=2020ZooK..934..141S |doi=10.3897/zookeys.934.50924 |issn=1313-2970 |pmc=7253503 |pmid=32508498 |doi-access=free}}</ref> '''dokin teku na pygmy na Afirka''' <ref name="ShortClaassens2020" /> ko '''dokin teku na zuma''', <ref name="ShortClaassens2020" /> nau'in dokin teku ne na Afirka ta Kudu a cikin dangin Syngnathidae . <ref name="natgeo">{{Cite web |last=Main |first=Douglas |date=2020-05-20 |title=New pygmy seahorse discovered, first of its kind in Africa |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2020/05/new-pygmy-seahorse-species-discovered-africa/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521043031/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2020/05/new-pygmy-seahorse-species-discovered-africa/ |archive-date=May 21, 2020 |access-date=2020-05-22 |website=National Geographic}}</ref> Wata ƙungiyar masu bincike ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta bayyana gano nau'in, wanda ke zaune a cikin ruwan [[Kogin Sodwana|Sodwana Bay]] a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] a watan Mayu na 2020. <ref name="phys">{{Cite web |last=University of Leeds |date=2020-05-20 |title=Meet Africa's first pygmy seahorse species |url=https://phys.org/news/2020-05-africa-pygmy-seahorse-species.html |access-date=2020-05-22 |website=Phys.org}}</ref> Wannan ƙaramin doki mai launin shuɗi shi ne farkon da aka sani da dokin teku mai launin shuɗi wanda ke zaune a cikin ruwa a kusa da [[Afirka]] . Lokacin da wani mai nutsewa daga yankin ya ba wa masu binciken shawara, ƙungiyar masu binciken daga baya ta gano wannan doki mai launin shuɗi . <ref name="phys" /> Ƙungiyar da ta yi wannan binciken ta isa [[Afirka ta Kudu]] don neman dokin bututu mai shuɗi kuma ba da gangan ba ta sami wannan sabon nau'in. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2020 |title=pygmy seahorse |url=https://crittersresearch.com/tag/pygmy-seahorse/ |website=critter research}}</ref> == Bayani == ''Hippocampus nalu'' yayi kama da ''H. pontohi'' da ''H. japapigu'' a kamanninsu da launinsu, manya suna da fata mai launin ruwan kasa da zuma tare da rufe farin reticulation mara tsari da wutsiya ja, kuma yara ƙanana suna da launin duhu. Kamar yawancin syngnathids, launinsu yana taimaka musu su ɓoye mazauninsu, da kuma algae. Siffar kashin baya daban-daban ''ta Hippocampus nalu'' a gefen babban tudu kuma tana bambanta nau'in da sauran dokin teku. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Short |first=Graham |last2=Claassens |first2=Louw |last3=Smith |first3=Richard |last4=Brauwer |first4=Maarten |last5=Hamilton |first5=Healy |last6=Stat |first6=Michael |last7=Harasti |first7=David |date=19 May 2020 |title=Hippocampus nalu, a new species of pygmy seahorse from South Africa, and the first record of a pygmy seahorse from the Indian Ocean (Teleostei, Syngnathidae) |journal=ZooKeys |issue=934 |page=156 |bibcode=2020ZooK..934..141S |doi=10.3897/zookeys.934.50924 |pmc=7253503 |pmid=32508498 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Kasancewar dokin teku mai launin pygmy, ''H. nalu'' ƙarami ne sosai, tare da yara ƙanana suna da tsayin kusan mm 10 kuma manya suna girma zuwa tsawon santimita 2. <ref name="ShortClaassens2020" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=McGreevey |first=Nora |date=May 29, 2020 |title=Newly Discovered Pygmy Seahorse Species Is the Size of a Fingernail |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/newly-discovered-pygmy-seahorse-species-size-fingernail-180975001/ |access-date=June 22, 2020 |website=Smithsonian Magazine}}</ref> == Mazauni == A halin yanzu an san wannan nau'in yana faruwa ne kawai a cikin ruwan bakin teku mai zurfi, a zurfin da ke tsakanin mita 12 zuwa 17 wanda ke ɗauke da murjani mai faɗi da aka gina da dutse mai faɗi da kuma gajerun ciyawar algal . <ref name="ShortClaassens2020">{{Cite journal |last=Short |first=Graham |last2=Claassens |first2=Louw |last3=Smith |first3=Richard |last4=De Brauwer |first4=Maarten |last5=Hamilton |first5=Healy |last6=Stat |first6=Michael |last7=Harasti |first7=David |year=2020 |title=Hippocampus nalu, a new species of pygmy seahorse from South Africa, and the first record of a pygmy seahorse from the Indian Ocean (Teleostei, Syngnathidae) |journal=ZooKeys |issue=934 |pages=141–156 |bibcode=2020ZooK..934..141S |doi=10.3897/zookeys.934.50924 |issn=1313-2970 |pmc=7253503 |pmid=32508498 |doi-access=free}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFShortClaassensSmithDe_Brauwer2020">Short, Graham; Claassens, Louw; Smith, Richard; De Brauwer, Maarten; Hamilton, Healy; Stat, Michael; Harasti, David (2020). </cite></ref> == Manazarta == 07cuw5h9ieqewwgteuhpwns2p6i1cxj 0 159167 863471 2026-06-21T19:51:00Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353503204|Agulhas Bank]]" 863471 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bankin Agulhas''' / / əˈɡʌləs / , daga harshen Portugal zuwa [[Cape Agulhas]], ''Cabo das Agulhas'', "Cape of Needles") <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Gyory|Beal|Bischof|Mariano|2004}}</ref> wani yanki ne mai faɗi, mara zurfi na shiryayyen nahiyar [[Afirka]] ta kudu wanda ya kai har zuwa {{Convert|250|km|mi}} kudu da Cape Agulhas kafin ya faɗi cikin tsauni zuwa filin ramin . Yankin teku ne inda [[Tekun Indiya]] mai dumi da [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] mai sanyi suka haɗu. Wannan haɗuwar tana haifar da yanayi mai ban tsoro na tafiyar jiragen ruwa, wanda ya kai ga yawan jiragen ruwa da suka lalace a yankin tsawon shekaru. Duk da haka, haɗuwar tekuna a nan kuma yana ƙara yawan sinadarin gina jiki ga halittun ruwa, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun wuraren kamun kifi a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . == Faɗi da halaye == [[Fayil:Bioregions_of_SA_EEZ.png|thumb|Yankunan halittu na ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu daga rarrabuwar 2004.]] [[Fayil:Ecoregions_of_SA_EEZ.png|thumb|Yankunan tattalin arzikin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu daga rarrabuwar 2011]] Bankin Agulhas ya kai kimanin dala {{Convert|800|km}} a gefen gabar tekun Afirka, <ref name="SeaAtlas">{{Cite web |title=Sea Atlas – Agulhas Bank |url=http://www.bcre.org.za/seaatlas/index.php?p=agulhasbank.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701092148/http://www.bcre.org.za/seaatlas/index.php?p=agulhasbank.php |archive-date=1 July 2017 |access-date=12 November 2016 |publisher=Bayworld Centre For Research & Education}}</ref> daga Cape Peninsula (18°E) zuwa Port Alfred (26°E), <ref name="Blanke-etal-2009-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Blanke|Penven|Roy|Chang|2009}}</ref> har zuwa {{Convert|250|km}} daga gare ta. Gaɓar ta gangara ƙasa daga bakin teku zuwa kusan {{Convert|50|m}} zurfi kuma ya kai {{Convert|200|m}} kafin ya faɗi sosai zuwa {{Convert|1000|m}} a gefen kudu. <ref name="SeaAtlas" /> Shiryayyen ya ƙunshi yanki na {{Convert|116000|km2}} tare da matsakaicin zurfin ƙasa da {{Convert|100|m}} . <ref name="Whittle-2012-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Whittle|2012}}</ref> Gabaɗaya tana cikin yankin tattalin arziki na musamman na Afirka ta Kudu. Binciken Bambancin Halittu na Ƙasa na 2004 ya gano wurare 34 na halittu da ke cikin yankuna 9 na halittu (wanda huɗu daga cikinsu suna cikin teku). Binciken Bambancin Halittu na Ƙasa na 2011 ya maye gurbin waɗannan yankuna na halittu da halittu da kalmomin ecoregions da ecozones. A cikin 2011, an raba yankin Agulhas Ecoregion zuwa sassa huɗu daban-daban na halittu: Agulhas a bakin teku, shiryayyen ciki na Agulhas, shiryayyen waje na Agulhas, da gefen shiryayyen Agulhas. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sink|Holness|Harris|Majiedt|2012}}</ref> An gano nau'ikan wuraren zama benthic guda 33 a Bankin Agulhas. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sink|Holness|Harris|Majiedt|2012}}</ref> Dubban ciyayi masu dumi a bakin tekun Agulhas Ecoregion sun kasance daga {{Convert|5|-|30|m}} ƙasa da matakin teku. Yawancin duwatsu masu zurfi a ƙarƙashin ruwa suna da asalin aeolianite ko sandstone, amma akwai granite, quartzite da siltstone reefs suma. Reefs na Agulhas ba su da bambanci kuma sun haɗa da nau'ikan ƙananan nau'ikan da yawa. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan reefs suna cikin wuraren kariya, amma kaɗan ne kawai aka haɗa da suka hana kamun kifi. <ref name="NBA-2011-reefs">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sink|Holness|Harris|Majiedt|2012}}</ref> == Nazarin Teku == Bankin Agulhas iyaka ce ta halitta tsakanin [[Ruwa na yanzu|kwararar ruwa]] daga [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]], [[Tekun Indiya]], da Tekun Kudancin, wanda ya haifar da wasu daga cikin ruwan da suka fi yin ruwa a cikin tekuna na duniya. <ref name="Ruijter-etal-2003-p45">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Ruijter|Cunningham|Gordon|Lutjeharms|2003}}</ref> Ruwan Agulhas yana kwarara zuwa kudu tare da gabar tekun gabashin Afirka da kuma gefen kudu maso gabashin bankin. Daga nan sai ya koma cikin Tekun Indiya kudu maso yammacin bankin. Wannan juyawar yana haifar da ayyukan eddy masu tsanani kamar meanders, eddies, da filaments. <ref name="Blanke-etal-2009-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Blanke|Penven|Roy|Chang|2009}}</ref> A cikin ginshiƙin ruwa na sama, sunan "Zoben Agulhas" ko "Agulhas eddies" mai suna "Agulhas rings" yana motsa ruwan dumi da gishiri zuwa cikin babban gyre na Kudancin Atlantika, a ƙarshe yana fitar da shi zuwa wurare masu zafi; yayin da a cikin ƙananan yadudduka na teku ana jigilar ruwa zuwa akasin haka. <ref name="Ruijter-etal-2003-p45">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Ruijter|Cunningham|Gordon|Lutjeharms|2003}}</ref> ==== Upwellings ==== Guguwar guguwa wani tushen kwararar ruwa ne na gefen teku, musamman a yammacin Port Elisabeth. Ruwan sama mai dumi yana kwarara zuwa bakin teku tare da gefen gabashinsa, yana samar da ruwan saman da ke ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi daga Tekun Indiya zuwa yankin. <ref name="Whittle-2012-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Whittle|2012}}</ref> A lokacin rani, iskar gabas na iya haifar da kwararar ruwa daga gabar tekun kudancin Afirka ta Kudu lokaci-lokaci. <ref name="Whittle-2012-intro" /> Yankin Bankin Agulhas yana da rinjaye da iskar yamma, kuma yawancin kwararar ruwa a bakin teku yana da alaƙa da hulɗar Agulhas Current a gefen gabashinsa, amma iskar gabas tana faruwa (musamman a lokacin rani da kaka) kuma tana iya samar da ƙwayoyin hazo na gida. <ref name="Blanke-etal-2009-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Blanke|Penven|Roy|Chang|2009}}</ref> Yayin da aka karkatar da kwararar ruwa daga bakin teku, hanyoyin da ke canzawa suna jawo wani yanki na ruwa mai sanyi na Ekman zuwa bakin teku daga ƙasan kwararar ruwan da ke da zafi. A lokacin bazara da bazara, a zurfin digiri {{Convert|100|m}}, wani yanki mai ɗan dindindin na ruwan sanyi yana nan a kan shiryayyen gabas da tsakiya. <ref name="Whittle-2012-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Whittle|2012}}</ref> A watannin bazara, cakuda ruwan da ke ƙarƙashin wurare masu zafi da [[Thermocline|thermoclines]] suka raba daga ruwan sanyi yana samuwa, kodayake tare da bambancin yanayi mai yawa. A kan shiryayye, ruwa mai zurfi yana nuna halaye na tsakiyar Tekun Indiya a gabas, da kuma tsakiyar Tekun Atlantika a yamma. <ref name="Whittle-2012-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Whittle|2012}}</ref> Yayin da kwararar ruwan Agulhas ke gudana zuwa kudu tare da gabar gabashin Afirka, sau da yawa ana karkatar da shi zuwa gaɓar teku, wanda hakan ya saba da hanyar da ake bi ta hanyar da ake amfani da ita ta yau da kullun da ake kira Agulhas Current meanders (ACM). Waɗannan ɓullar ruwan kan faru ne lokaci-lokaci (sau 1-7 a shekara) sai kuma babban ɓullar ruwan teku, wanda aka sani da Natal pulses (NP). Natal pulses suna tafiya tare da bakin teku a {{Convert|20|km}} kowace rana. ACM na iya yin girma har zuwa {{Convert|20|km}} da kuma NP har zuwa {{Convert|120|km}} daga matsakaicin matsayin wutar lantarki. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Jackson|Rainville|Roberts|McQuald|2012}}</ref> AC ta wuce {{Convert|34|km}} a ƙasashen waje da ACM na iya kaiwa {{Convert|123|km}} a waje. Idan AC ta yi motsi, faɗinta yana faɗaɗa daga {{Convert|88|km}} zuwa {{Convert|125|km}} kuma saurinsa ya ragu daga {{Convert|208|cm/s}} zuwa {{Convert|136|cm/s}} . ACM yana haifar da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi a cikin teku. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Leber|Beal|2012}}</ref> Ana samar da manyan ma'aunin cyclonic daga Natal pulses yayin da Agulhas Current ya isa ga teburin nahiyar a gabashin gabar tekun Afirka ta Kudu (watau gabashin Bankin Agulhas kusa da Natal ). Yayin da waɗannan bugun ke tafiya tare da Bankin Agulhas, suna yawan matse zoben Agulhas. Irin wannan zubar zoben na iya faruwa ne ta hanyar bugun Natal kawai, amma ma'aunin da ke kan Agulhas Return Current na iya haɗuwa don taimakawa wajen samar da zoben Agulhas. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Leeuwen|Ruijter|Lutjeharms|2000}}</ref> ==== Agulhas ya fitar da ruwa da zobba ==== [[Fayil:The_Eddy_and_the_Plankton_-_NASA_Earth_Observatory.jpg|thumb|Plankton mai launin shuɗi mai haske a cikin {{Convert|150|km}} faɗin anti-cyclonic (akasin agogo) Zoben Agulhas, {{Convert|800|km}} a bakin tekun Afirka ta Kudu. Irin waɗannan raƙuman ruwa, waɗanda ke cikin manyan wurare a duniya, ana cire su daga magudanar ruwan Agulhas da ke gefen gabashin Bankin Agulhas.]] Zoben Agulhas manyan zoben da ke hana guguwa ko kuma zoben tsakiyar ruwan teku masu dumi ne waɗanda aka matse daga magudanar ruwan Agulhas a gefen gabashin Bankin Agulhas daga inda suke motsawa zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Kudancin Tekun Atlantika]] . Yayin da magudanar ruwan Agulhas ta isa gabar tekun gabashin Afirka ta Kudu, manyan zoben da aka sani da bugun Natal suna samuwa a tazara mara tsari. Kwanaki 165 bayan bayyanar bugun Natal, zoben Agulhas zai fito daga Durban. Zoben Agulhas suna cikin manyan duwawu a duniya kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin zubar ruwan Agulhas, jigilar ruwan ɗumi daga Tekun Indiya zuwa Tekun Atlantika, wanda ke shafar yanayin duniya. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Leeuwen|Ruijter|Lutjeharms|2000}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1e713dizc4iwnyz7q958zu3xyewbg5c 863472 863471 2026-06-21T19:51:37Z Engineer014 44591 863472 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bankin Agulhas''' / / əˈɡʌləs / , daga harshen Portugal zuwa [[Cape Agulhas]], ''Cabo das Agulhas'', "Cape of Needles") <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Gyory|Beal|Bischof|Mariano|2004}}</ref> wani yanki ne mai faɗi, mara zurfi na shiryayyen nahiyar [[Afirka]] ta kudu wanda ya kai har zuwa {{Convert|250|km|mi}} kudu da Cape Agulhas kafin ya faɗi cikin tsauni zuwa filin ramin . Yankin teku ne inda [[Tekun Indiya]] mai dumi da [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]] mai sanyi suka haɗu. Wannan haɗuwar tana haifar da yanayi mai ban tsoro na tafiyar jiragen ruwa, wanda ya kai ga yawan jiragen ruwa da suka lalace a yankin tsawon shekaru. Duk da haka, haɗuwar tekuna a nan kuma yana ƙara yawan sinadarin gina jiki ga halittun ruwa, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun wuraren kamun kifi a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . == Faɗi da halaye == [[Fayil:Bioregions_of_SA_EEZ.png|thumb|Yankunan halittu na ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu daga rarrabuwar 2004.]] [[Fayil:Ecoregions_of_SA_EEZ.png|thumb|Yankunan tattalin arzikin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu daga rarrabuwar 2011]] Bankin Agulhas ya kai kimanin dala {{Convert|800|km}} a gefen gabar tekun Afirka, <ref name="SeaAtlas">{{Cite web |title=Sea Atlas – Agulhas Bank |url=http://www.bcre.org.za/seaatlas/index.php?p=agulhasbank.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701092148/http://www.bcre.org.za/seaatlas/index.php?p=agulhasbank.php |archive-date=1 July 2017 |access-date=12 November 2016 |publisher=Bayworld Centre For Research & Education}}</ref> daga Cape Peninsula (18°E) zuwa Port Alfred (26°E), <ref name="Blanke-etal-2009-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Blanke|Penven|Roy|Chang|2009}}</ref> har zuwa {{Convert|250|km}} daga gare ta. Gaɓar ta gangara ƙasa daga bakin teku zuwa kusan {{Convert|50|m}} zurfi kuma ya kai {{Convert|200|m}} kafin ya faɗi sosai zuwa {{Convert|1000|m}} a gefen kudu. <ref name="SeaAtlas" /> Shiryayyen ya ƙunshi yanki na {{Convert|116000|km2}} tare da matsakaicin zurfin ƙasa da {{Convert|100|m}} . <ref name="Whittle-2012-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Whittle|2012}}</ref> Gabaɗaya tana cikin yankin tattalin arziki na musamman na Afirka ta Kudu. Binciken Bambancin Halittu na Ƙasa na 2004 ya gano wurare 34 na halittu da ke cikin yankuna 9 na halittu (wanda huɗu daga cikinsu suna cikin teku). Binciken Bambancin Halittu na Ƙasa na 2011 ya maye gurbin waɗannan yankuna na halittu da halittu da kalmomin ecoregions da ecozones. A cikin 2011, an raba yankin Agulhas Ecoregion zuwa sassa huɗu daban-daban na halittu: Agulhas a bakin teku, shiryayyen ciki na Agulhas, shiryayyen waje na Agulhas, da gefen shiryayyen Agulhas. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sink|Holness|Harris|Majiedt|2012}}</ref> An gano nau'ikan wuraren zama benthic guda 33 a Bankin Agulhas. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sink|Holness|Harris|Majiedt|2012}}</ref> Dubban ciyayi masu dumi a bakin tekun Agulhas Ecoregion sun kasance daga {{Convert|5|-|30|m}} ƙasa da matakin teku. Yawancin duwatsu masu zurfi a ƙarƙashin ruwa suna da asalin aeolianite ko sandstone, amma akwai granite, quartzite da siltstone reefs suma. Reefs na Agulhas ba su da bambanci kuma sun haɗa da nau'ikan ƙananan nau'ikan da yawa. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan reefs suna cikin wuraren kariya, amma kaɗan ne kawai aka haɗa da suka hana kamun kifi. <ref name="NBA-2011-reefs">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sink|Holness|Harris|Majiedt|2012}}</ref> == Nazarin Teku == Bankin Agulhas iyaka ce ta halitta tsakanin [[Ruwa na yanzu|kwararar ruwa]] daga [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]], [[Tekun Indiya]], da Tekun Kudancin, wanda ya haifar da wasu daga cikin ruwan da suka fi yin ruwa a cikin tekuna na duniya. <ref name="Ruijter-etal-2003-p45">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Ruijter|Cunningham|Gordon|Lutjeharms|2003}}</ref> Ruwan Agulhas yana kwarara zuwa kudu tare da gabar tekun gabashin Afirka da kuma gefen kudu maso gabashin bankin. Daga nan sai ya koma cikin Tekun Indiya kudu maso yammacin bankin. Wannan juyawar yana haifar da ayyukan eddy masu tsanani kamar meanders, eddies, da filaments. <ref name="Blanke-etal-2009-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Blanke|Penven|Roy|Chang|2009}}</ref> A cikin ginshiƙin ruwa na sama, sunan "Zoben Agulhas" ko "Agulhas eddies" mai suna "Agulhas rings" yana motsa ruwan dumi da gishiri zuwa cikin babban gyre na Kudancin Atlantika, a ƙarshe yana fitar da shi zuwa wurare masu zafi; yayin da a cikin ƙananan yadudduka na teku ana jigilar ruwa zuwa akasin haka. <ref name="Ruijter-etal-2003-p45">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Ruijter|Cunningham|Gordon|Lutjeharms|2003}}</ref> ==== Upwellings ==== Guguwar guguwa wani tushen kwararar ruwa ne na gefen teku, musamman a yammacin Port Elisabeth. Ruwan sama mai dumi yana kwarara zuwa bakin teku tare da gefen gabashinsa, yana samar da ruwan saman da ke ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi daga Tekun Indiya zuwa yankin. <ref name="Whittle-2012-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Whittle|2012}}</ref> A lokacin rani, iskar gabas na iya haifar da kwararar ruwa daga gabar tekun kudancin Afirka ta Kudu lokaci-lokaci. <ref name="Whittle-2012-intro" /> Yankin Bankin Agulhas yana da rinjaye da iskar yamma, kuma yawancin kwararar ruwa a bakin teku yana da alaƙa da hulɗar Agulhas Current a gefen gabashinsa, amma iskar gabas tana faruwa (musamman a lokacin rani da kaka) kuma tana iya samar da ƙwayoyin hazo na gida. <ref name="Blanke-etal-2009-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Blanke|Penven|Roy|Chang|2009}}</ref> Yayin da aka karkatar da kwararar ruwa daga bakin teku, hanyoyin da ke canzawa suna jawo wani yanki na ruwa mai sanyi na Ekman zuwa bakin teku daga ƙasan kwararar ruwan da ke da zafi. A lokacin bazara da bazara, a zurfin digiri {{Convert|100|m}}, wani yanki mai ɗan dindindin na ruwan sanyi yana nan a kan shiryayyen gabas da tsakiya. <ref name="Whittle-2012-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Whittle|2012}}</ref> A watannin bazara, cakuda ruwan da ke ƙarƙashin wurare masu zafi da [[Thermocline|thermoclines]] suka raba daga ruwan sanyi yana samuwa, kodayake tare da bambancin yanayi mai yawa. A kan shiryayye, ruwa mai zurfi yana nuna halaye na tsakiyar Tekun Indiya a gabas, da kuma tsakiyar Tekun Atlantika a yamma. <ref name="Whittle-2012-intro">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Whittle|2012}}</ref> Yayin da kwararar ruwan Agulhas ke gudana zuwa kudu tare da gabar gabashin Afirka, sau da yawa ana karkatar da shi zuwa gaɓar teku, wanda hakan ya saba da hanyar da ake bi ta hanyar da ake amfani da ita ta yau da kullun da ake kira Agulhas Current meanders (ACM). Waɗannan ɓullar ruwan kan faru ne lokaci-lokaci (sau 1-7 a shekara) sai kuma babban ɓullar ruwan teku, wanda aka sani da Natal pulses (NP). Natal pulses suna tafiya tare da bakin teku a {{Convert|20|km}} kowace rana. ACM na iya yin girma har zuwa {{Convert|20|km}} da kuma NP har zuwa {{Convert|120|km}} daga matsakaicin matsayin wutar lantarki. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Jackson|Rainville|Roberts|McQuald|2012}}</ref> AC ta wuce {{Convert|34|km}} a ƙasashen waje da ACM na iya kaiwa {{Convert|123|km}} a waje. Idan AC ta yi motsi, faɗinta yana faɗaɗa daga {{Convert|88|km}} zuwa {{Convert|125|km}} kuma saurinsa ya ragu daga {{Convert|208|cm/s}} zuwa {{Convert|136|cm/s}} . ACM yana haifar da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi a cikin teku. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Leber|Beal|2012}}</ref> Ana samar da manyan ma'aunin cyclonic daga Natal pulses yayin da Agulhas Current ya isa ga teburin nahiyar a gabashin gabar tekun Afirka ta Kudu (watau gabashin Bankin Agulhas kusa da Natal ). Yayin da waɗannan bugun ke tafiya tare da Bankin Agulhas, suna yawan matse zoben Agulhas. Irin wannan zubar zoben na iya faruwa ne ta hanyar bugun Natal kawai, amma ma'aunin da ke kan Agulhas Return Current na iya haɗuwa don taimakawa wajen samar da zoben Agulhas. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Leeuwen|Ruijter|Lutjeharms|2000}}</ref> ==== Agulhas ya fitar da ruwa da zobba ==== [[Fayil:The_Eddy_and_the_Plankton_-_NASA_Earth_Observatory.jpg|thumb|Plankton mai launin shuɗi mai haske a cikin {{Convert|150|km}} faɗin anti-cyclonic (akasin agogo) Zoben Agulhas, {{Convert|800|km}} a bakin tekun Afirka ta Kudu. Irin waɗannan raƙuman ruwa, waɗanda ke cikin manyan wurare a duniya, ana cire su daga magudanar ruwan Agulhas da ke gefen gabashin Bankin Agulhas.]] Zoben Agulhas manyan zoben da ke hana guguwa ko kuma zoben tsakiyar ruwan teku masu dumi ne waɗanda aka matse daga magudanar ruwan Agulhas a gefen gabashin Bankin Agulhas daga inda suke motsawa zuwa [[Tekun Atalanta|Kudancin Tekun Atlantika]] . Yayin da magudanar ruwan Agulhas ta isa gabar tekun gabashin Afirka ta Kudu, manyan zoben da aka sani da bugun Natal suna samuwa a tazara mara tsari. Kwanaki 165 bayan bayyanar bugun Natal, zoben Agulhas zai fito daga Durban. Zoben Agulhas suna cikin manyan duwawu a duniya kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin zubar ruwan Agulhas, jigilar ruwan ɗumi daga Tekun Indiya zuwa Tekun Atlantika, wanda ke shafar yanayin duniya. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Leeuwen|Ruijter|Lutjeharms|2000}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] s15pg3nk0tjiph25ewfsrtul1nv0cpk 0 159168 863473 2026-06-21T20:11:59Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348194770|Entyloma ficariae]]" 863473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Ranunculus ficaria Entyloma ficariae (02).JPG|image_caption=Leaves of ''[[Ficaria verna]]'' infected by ''Entyloma ficariae''.|genus=Entyloma|species=ficariae|authority=Fischer von Waldheim, 1877|synonyms=''Entyloma ranunculi'' <small>(Bonorden) Schröter, 1877</small>|synonyms_ref=<ref name="bladmineerders"></ref>}} ƙwayoyin cuta ne wanda yake kama ganyen ''Ficaria verna'' . <ref name="bladmineerders">{{Cite web |year=2024 |title=''Entyloma ficariae'' Fischer von Waldheim, 1877 |url=https://bladmineerders.nl/parasites/fungi/dikarya/basidiomycota/ustilaginomycotina/exobasidiomycetes/exobasidiomycetidae/entylomatales/entylomataceae/entyloma/entyloma-ficariae/ |access-date=20 December 2024}}</ref> [[Fayil:Conidiophores_of_Entyloma_ficariae_imported_from_iNaturalist_photo_633868185.jpg|thumb|Conidiophores na ''Entyloma ficariae'' a ƙarƙashin ganye na ''Ficaria verna''.]] == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{taxonbar|from=Q10485037}} 8h6rajkjjk1if80u3vx92c87viratak 0 159169 863474 2026-06-21T20:13:00Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357765959|Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care]]" 863474 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care|formernames=Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care|cover=Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care Journal Front Cover.jpg|editor=Jose M. Zuniga|discipline=[[AIDS]]|former_names=|abbreviation=J. Int. Assoc. Provid. AIDS Care|publisher=[[SAGE Publications]]|country=|frequency=Bimonthly|history=2002-present|openaccess=|license=|impact=|impact-year=|website=https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/journal/journal-international-association-providers-aids-care-jiapac|link1=https://journals.sagepub.com/toc/jia/current|link1-name=Online access|link2=https://journals.sagepub.com/loi/jia|link2-name=Online archive|ISSN=1545-1097|eISSN=1557-0886|OCLC=475662937|LCCN=2001243146}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="6" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Jaridar Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Masu Kula da Cututtukan Cututtuka</span>'' | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Journal_of_the_International_Association_of_Physicians_in_AIDS_Care_Journal_Front_Cover.jpg|frameless]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |[[AIDS|Cutar kanjamau]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Jose M. Zuniga |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="wrap">Tsohon sunan</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="font-style:italic;">Jaridar Ƙungiyar Likitoci ta Duniya a Kula da Cututtukan Cututtuka</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |2002-ya zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[SAGE Publications|Littattafan SAGE]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Sau biyu |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=Journal_of_the_International_Association_of_Providers_of_AIDS_Care ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1545-1097%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Journal+of+the+International+Association+of+Providers+of+AIDS+Care%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=1545-1097&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''J. Int. Ya yi amfani da shi. Ka ba da gudummawa. Kula da cutar kanjamau'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1557-0886 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=Journal+of+the+International+Association+of+Providers+of+AIDS+Care][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:15451097|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=Journal+of+the+International+Association+of+Providers+of+AIDS+Care&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=1545-1097&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Journal+of+the+International+Association+of+Providers+of+AIDS+Care%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1545-1097%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=1545-1097 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1545-1097 1545-1097]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1557-0886 1557-0886] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[LCCN (identifier)|LCCN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://lccn.loc.gov/2001243146 2001243146] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:475662937|475662937]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/journal/journal-international-association-providers-aids-care-jiapac Shafin farko na jarida]</span> * [https://journals.sagepub.com/toc/jia/current Samun damar kan layi] * [https://journals.sagepub.com/loi/jia Tarihin kan layi] |} Jaridar Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Kula da Cututtukan Cututtuka wata mujallar kiwon lafiya ce da ake nazari da ita a kowane wata wanda ke rufe bincike kan [[Kanjamau|Cutar kanjamau]]. Babban edita shi ne Jose M. Zuniga (Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Masu Kula da Cututtukan AIDS). An kafa mujallar ne a shekara ta 2002 kuma SAGE Publications ne suka buga ta. == Abstracting da indexing == An cire mujallar kuma an jera ta a cikin: * Abstracts na CAB * CINAHL * Bayanan bayanai na EBSCO * Lafiya ta Duniya * Tsakanin Tsakanin * [[Rural Development Abstracts|Abstracts na Ci gaban Karkara]] * Labarin Cututtukan Tropical == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://jia.sagepub.com/}} 9ihagaw6fzs20u4xzafbei93zy3i63a 0 159170 863475 2026-06-21T20:14:18Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331138085|Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care]]" 863475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care|cover=[[File:JANACcover.gif]]|editor=Lucy Bradley-Springer|discipline=[[Nursing]]|formernames=|abbreviation=J. Assoc. Nurses AIDS Care|publisher=[[Wolters Kluwer]]|country=[[Netherlands]]|frequency=Bimonthly|history=1989-present|openaccess=|license=|impact=1.318|impact-year=2016|website=http://www.nursesinaidscarejournal.org/|link1=https://journals.lww.com/janac/pages/default.aspx|link1-name=Online access|atom=|JSTOR=|OCLC=23155223|LCCN=|CODEN=|ISSN=1055-3290|eISSN=1552-6917}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="7" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Jaridar Kungiyar Nurses a Kula da Cututtukan Cututtuka</span>'' | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:JANACcover.gif]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |[[Nursing]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Lucy Bradley-Springer |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1989-ya zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[Wolters Kluwer]] ([[Netherlands]]) &nbsp;</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Sau biyu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Impact factor|Matsayi na tasiri]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1.318 (2016) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=Journal_of_the_Association_of_Nurses_in_AIDS_Care ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1055-3290%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Journal+of+the+Association+of+Nurses+in+AIDS+Care%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=1055-3290&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''J. Assoc. Nurses Kula da cutar kanjamau'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1552-6917 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=Journal+of+the+Association+of+Nurses+in+AIDS+Care][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:10553290|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=Journal+of+the+Association+of+Nurses+in+AIDS+Care&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=1055-3290&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Journal+of+the+Association+of+Nurses+in+AIDS+Care%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1055-3290%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=1055-3290 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1055-3290 1055-3290]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1552-6917 1552-6917] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:23155223|23155223]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[http://www.nursesinaidscarejournal.org/ Shafin farko na jarida]</span> * [https://journals.lww.com/janac/pages/default.aspx Samun damar kan layi] |} Jaridar Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, sau da yawa an taƙaita shi a matsayin '''''JANAC''''', Jaridar jinya ce da ake nazari da ita a kowane wata da kuma mujallar hukuma ta Association of Norses in AIDScare da Wolters Kluwer ta buga. Jaridar ta rufe batutuwa masu yawa a cikin kamuwa da kwayar cutar kanjamau: ilimi, magani, rigakafi, bincike, batutuwan aikin asibiti, bayar da shawarwari, manufofi, da ci gaban shirin. == Matsayi na labarin == Jaridar tana buga editoci, labarai masu ban sha'awa, Nazarin shari'a, taƙaitaccen bayani, sharhi, sake dubawa na kafofin watsa labarai, da wasiƙu ga masu gyara. == Abstracting da indexing == An cire mujallar kuma an jera ta a cikin MEDLINE, CINAHL, Science Citation Index Expanded, Family & Society Studies Worldwide, Health and Safety Science Abstracts, International Nursing Index, Pollution Abstracuts, PsycLIT, PsycINFO, Psychological Abstracits, da [[Virology and AIDS Abstracts|Virology da AIDS Abstracts]]. A cewar 2011 Journal Citation Reports, mujallar tana da tasiri na 1.09, inda ta kasance 31 daga cikin mujallu 97 a cikin rukunin Nursing. == Tarihi == An buga fitowar farko a watan Agustan 1989 ta hanyar Medical World Business Press (Old Bridge, New Jersey). A cikin 1991, NurseCom ya zama mai bugawa kuma an faɗaɗa mujallar zuwa batutuwa huɗu a kowace shekara. Editan da ya kafa shi ne Jeanne Kalinoski, wanda ya yi aiki a wannan mukamin daga 1988 zuwa 1996. Daga baya ta ba da labarin cewa "ya kamata ta fuskanci mummunar gaskiyar cewa muna da aljihun banza, babu mai bugawa, babu masu talla, kuma babu rubuce-rubuce, ba tare da tsarin sake dubawa na waɗannan labaran da aka gabatar ba". Kalinoski ya dage kuma mujallar "ta ba da rahoton ninki biyu na shafukan talla da kudaden shiga kowace shekara a cikin shekaru 8 na farko".<ref name="Kalinoski" /> Richard Sowell, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin edita a karkashin Kalinoski, shi ne editan mujallar na biyu kuma ya yi aiki iti wannan mukamin na tsawon shekaru 11 (1996-2007). Ya jagoranci mujallar ta hanyar wani lokaci na ci gaba wanda "ya zama mujallar zabi ga karuwar marubuta daga fannoni daban-daban". A lokacin da Sowell ke aiki a matsayin edita, mujallar tana fadada zuwa batutuwa shida a kowace shekara, ta kara yawan shafukan da aka buga a kowane fitowar, kuma ta haɓaka layin kuɗi masu ƙarfi. NurseCom ya kasance mai bugawa har zuwa 1997, SAGE Publications shine mai bugawa daga 1997 zuwa 2005, sannan Elsevier ya biyo baya a 2005, da Wolters Kluwer a 2019. Lucy Bradley-Springer ta gaji Sowell a watan Yunin 2007. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.nursesinaidscarejournal.org}} * [http://www.nursesinaidscare.org Ƙungiyar Nurses a cikin Kula da cutar kanjamau] * [http://ashhna.org.au/ Kungiyar Nurses ta Jima'i da HIV ta Australiya] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rileavb136c7fkf2kdbxaunluz8ziw6 0 159171 863476 2026-06-21T20:15:28Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331375658|Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes]]" 863476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|cover=[[Image:JAIDS cover (2007).gif]]|discipline=[[AIDS]]|abbreviation=J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.|formernames=Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology|publisher=[[Lippincott Williams & Wilkins]]|country=|frequency=15/year|history=1988-present|openaccess=After 12 months|impact=3.863|impact-year=2018|website=http://www.jaids.com/pt/re/jaids/home.htm|link1=http://journals.lww.com/jaids/Pages/issuelist.aspx|link1-name=Online archive|ISSN=1525-4135|eISSN=1077-9450|CODEN=JJASFJ|LCCN=sn99006078|OCLC=41519710}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="7" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Jaridar Ciwon Rashin Rashin Ruwa</span>'' | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:JAIDS_cover_(2007).gif]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |[[AIDS|Cutar kanjamau]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="wrap">Sunayen da suka gabata</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="font-style:italic;">Jaridar Rashin Rashin Ruwa, Jaridar Ruwa Rashin Rubuce-rubuce da Rubuce Ruwa na Mutum</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1988-ya zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[Lippincott Williams & Wilkins]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Shekara 15/shekara |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Open access|Budewa]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Bayan watanni 12 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Impact factor|Matsayi na tasiri]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |3.863 (2018) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=Journal_of_Acquired_Immune_Deficiency_Syndromes ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1525-4135%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Journal+of+Acquired+Immune+Deficiency+Syndromes%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=1525-4135&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''J. Samun. Rashin rigakafi. Syndr.'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1077-9450 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=Journal+of+Acquired+Immune+Deficiency+Syndromes][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:15254135|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=Journal+of+Acquired+Immune+Deficiency+Syndromes&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=1525-4135&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Journal+of+Acquired+Immune+Deficiency+Syndromes%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1525-4135%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=1525-4135 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[CODEN (identifier)|Rashin lafiya]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=codens&exactMatch=y&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=JJASFJ JJASFJ] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1525-4135 1525-4135]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1077-9450 1077-9450] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[LCCN (identifier)|LCCN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://lccn.loc.gov/sn99006078 sn99006078] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:41519710|41519710]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[http://www.jaids.com/pt/re/jaids/home.htm Shafin farko na jarida]</span> * [http://journals.lww.com/jaids/Pages/issuelist.aspx Tarihin kan layi] |} The Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes wata mujallar kiwon lafiya ce da An sake dubawa wanda ke rufe dukkan fannoni na bincike a kan [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]], gami da kimiyya ta asali, kimiyyar asibiti, da ilmin annoba. A halin yanzu Lippincott Williams &amp;amp; Wilkins ne suka buga shi. Da alama cewa manufar edita don taken hukuma har yanzu za ta ƙare a ... Syndromes, kodayake tambarin a shafin yanar gizon ya nuna ... Syndrome kamar Yuni 2017, mai yiwuwa ta hanyar kuskuren zane-zane. == Tarihi == An kafa mujallar ne a cikin 1988 ( /0894-9255" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">0894-9255). <ref name="JAIDS_1988">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=nlmcatalog&cmd=retrieve&dopt=expanded&list_uids=425180 NLM Catalog: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes]{{Dead link|date=July 2025}} (accessed 24 October 2007)</ref> An sake masa suna Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology (ISSN ) a cikin 1995, ya koma ga taken Journal of Acquered Immune Disficiency Systromes a cikin 1999.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=nlmcatalog&cmd=retrieve&dopt=expanded&list_uids=561062 NLM Catalog: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology]{{Dead link|date=July 2025}} (accessed 24 October 2007)</ref> Raven Press ce ta buga shi da farko.<ref name="JAIDS_1988" />{{ISSN|0894-9255}}{{ISSN|1077-9450}} Jaridar ta kasance wallafe-wallafen hukuma na [[International Retrovirology Association|Ƙungiyar Retrovirology ta Duniya]] har zuwa shekara ta 2000. == Jaridar zamani == Ana buga fitowa goma sha biyar a kowace shekara, a cikin kundi uku. Labarai daga 1996 suna samuwa a kan layi a cikin tsarin HTML, tare da tsarin PDF kuma daga 2000. Abubuwan da ke cikin shekara guda suna samuwa kyauta daga 1999 zuwa gaba. A cewar Jaridar Citation Reports, mujallar tana da tasirin tasirin 2014 na 4.556, inda ta kasance ta goma sha biyu daga cikin mujallu 78 a cikin rukunin "cututtukan cututtuka" kuma ta 29 daga cikin muhalli 148 a cikin rukunin" rigakafi.<ref name="WoS">{{Cite web |year=2014 |title=Web of Science |url=http://isiwebofknowledge.com |access-date=}}</ref> BIOSIS, Sanin Yanzu a cikin Kimiyya ta Biological, Abubuwan da ke ciki a yanzu / Kimiyya ta Rayuwa, Excerpta Medica, MEDLINE / Index Medicus, PsycINFO, da Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2007, manyan editoci sune David D. Ho (Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center), Paul Volberding (San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center) da William Blattner (Jami'ar Maryland, Baltimore). == Dubi kuma == * <nowiki><i id="mwRw">Cutar kanjamau</i></nowiki> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.jaids.com/pt/re/jaids/home.htm}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 20tirno441esiktftd8jp586pdjrp59 0 159172 863477 2026-06-21T20:16:32Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357774990|HIV Medicine]]" 863477 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=HIV Medicine|cover=|former_name=<!-- or |former_names= -->|abbreviation=HIV Med.|discipline=[[HIV/AIDS]]|editors=Brian Gazzard, Jens Lundgren|publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] on behalf of the [[British HIV Association]]|country=|history=1999-present|frequency=Bimonthly|openaccess=|license=|impact=3.734|impact-year=2018|ISSN=1464-2662|eISSN=1468-1293|CODEN=HMIEAB|JSTOR=|LCCN=|OCLC=884089339|website=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/14681293|link1=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/14681293/current|link1-name=Online access|link2=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/loi/14681293|link2-name=Online archive}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="7" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Magungunan cutar kanjamau</span>'' ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |[[HIV/AIDS|HIV / AIDS]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Brian Gazzard, Jens Lundgren |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1999-ya zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[Wiley-Blackwell]] a madadin [[British HIV Association|Ƙungiyar HIV ta Burtaniya]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Sau biyu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Impact factor|Matsayi na tasiri]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |3.734 (2018) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=HIV_Medicine ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1464-2662%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=HIV+Medicine%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=1464-2662&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''Maganin cutar kanjamau.'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1468-1293 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=HIV+Medicine][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:14642662|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=HIV+Medicine&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=1464-2662&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=HIV+Medicine%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1464-2662%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=1464-2662 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[CODEN (identifier)|Rashin lafiya]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=codens&exactMatch=y&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=HMIEAB HMIEAB] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1464-2662 1464-2662]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1468-1293 1468-1293] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:884089339|884089339]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/14681293 Shafin farko na jarida]</span> * [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/14681293/current Samun damar kan layi] * [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/loi/14681293 Tarihin kan layi] |} Magungunan HIV wata mujallar kiwon lafiya ce da ake nazari da ita a kowane wata wanda ke rufe binciken [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]]. An kafa shi a cikin 1999 kuma [[Wiley-Blackwell]] ne ya buga shi a madadin Ƙungiyar HIV ta Burtaniya, wanda ita ce mujallar hukuma. Har ila yau, ita ce mujallar hukuma ta European AIDS Clinical Society da Australasian Society for HIV Medicine . <ref>{{Cite web |title=External publications |url=https://www.eacsociety.org/external-publications.html |access-date=3 May 2015 |website=EACS}}</ref> Babban editoci sune Brian Gazzard (Chelsea da Westminster Hospital) da Jens Lundgren (Jami'ar Copenhagen). A cewar Jaridar Citation Reports, mujallar tana da tasirin tasirin 2014 na 3.988, wanda ya sanya shi na 18 daga cikin mujallu 78 a cikin rukunin "Cutar cututtuka". == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/14681293}} h9d5w6rw74914qblsb5vdea43jes0b5 0 159173 863478 2026-06-21T20:17:40Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352705431|Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS]]" 863478 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS|cover=|editor=Y. S. Marfatia|discipline=[[Sexology]]|abbreviation=Indian J. Sex. Transm. Dis. AIDS|publisher=[[Medknow Publications]]|country=India|frequency=Biannually|history=1980–present|openaccess=|license=|impact=|impact-year=|website=http://www.ijstd.org/aboutus.asp|link1=http://www.ijstd.org/currentissue.asp|link1-name=Online access|link2=http://www.ijstd.org/backissues.asp|link2-name=Online archives|JSTOR=|OCLC=58548417|LCCN=|CODEN=|ISSN=0253-7184|eISSN=1998-3816}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="6" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Jaridar Indiya ta Cututtukan da ake Sadarwa ta Jima'i da cutar kanjamau</span>'' ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |[[Sexology|Jima'i]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Y. S. Marfatia |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1980 zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Medknow Publications (India) &nbsp;</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Biyu a shekara |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=Indian_Journal_of_Sexually_Transmitted_Diseases_and_AIDS ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0253-7184%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Indian+Journal+of+Sexually+Transmitted+Diseases+and+AIDS%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=0253-7184&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''Jima'i na Indiya. Fitar da shi. Ka ce. Cutar kanjamau'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1998-3816 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=Indian+Journal+of+Sexually+Transmitted+Diseases+and+AIDS][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:02537184|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=Indian+Journal+of+Sexually+Transmitted+Diseases+and+AIDS&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=0253-7184&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Indian+Journal+of+Sexually+Transmitted+Diseases+and+AIDS%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0253-7184%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=0253-7184 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0253-7184 0253-7184]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1998-3816 1998-3816] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:58548417|58548417]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[http://www.ijstd.org/aboutus.asp Shafin farko na jarida]</span> * [http://www.ijstd.org/currentissue.asp Samun damar kan layi] * [http://www.ijstd.org/backissues.asp Tarihin kan layi] |} Jaridar Indiya ta cututtukan da ake yaduwa da jima'i da cutar kanjamau wata mujallar kiwon lafiya ce da ake nazari da ita wanda ke wallafa labarai game da nazarin cututtuken da ake yayar da su ta hanyar jima'i.<ref name="about">{{Cite web |title=Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS: About us |url=http://www.ijstd.org/aboutus.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128111735/https://ijstd.org/aboutus.asp |archive-date=2023-11-28 |access-date=2010-07-16 |format=}}</ref> Littafin hukuma ne na Ƙungiyar Indiya don Nazarin Cututtukan da ake Cutar da ake Cigawa ta Jima'i.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases |url=http://medind.nic.in/ibo/iboaj.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619072313/http://medind.nic.in/ibo/iboaj.shtml |archive-date=2009-06-19 |access-date=2010-07-16 |website=MedIND}}</ref> Babban edita shi ne Y. S. Marfatia . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS: Editorial Board |url=http://www.ijstd.org/editorial.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928075532/https://www.ijstd.org/editorial.asp |archive-date=2023-09-28 |access-date=2010-07-16 |format=}}</ref> == Abstracting da indexing == A cewar mai bugawa, an jera mujallar a cikin: <ref name="about">{{Cite web |title=Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS: About us |url=http://www.ijstd.org/aboutus.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128111735/https://ijstd.org/aboutus.asp |archive-date=2023-11-28 |access-date=2010-07-16 |format=}}</ref> * Abstracts kan Lafiya da Cututtukan da ke yaduwa * Abstracts na CAB * Buga EBSCO * Karin bayani na Medica * InfoTrac * Lafiya ta Duniya * [[SCOLOAR|SOLOAR]] * Labarin Cututtukan Tropical == Manazarta == <references /> == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.ijstd.org/}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] r0poycqgkiwxzfdtlpctpve9vf91k3z 0 159174 863479 2026-06-21T20:18:43Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357765882|International Journal of STD & AIDS]]" 863479 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=International Journal of STD & AIDS|cover=|editor=Prof Daniel Richardson|discipline=Sexual health Medicine|former_names=|abbreviation=Int. J. STD AIDS|publisher=[[SAGE Publications]]|country=|frequency=13 times per year|history=1990-present|openaccess=|license=|impact=1.3|impact-year=2024|website=https://journals.sagepub.com/home/std|link1=http://std.sagepub.com/content/current|link1-name=Online access|link2=http://std.sagepub.com/content/by/year|link2-name=Online archive|ISSN=0956-4624|eISSN=1758-1052|OCLC=21176258|LCCN=90642504|CODEN=INSAE3}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="6" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Jaridar Duniya ta STD & AIDS</span>'' ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |Magungunan Kiwon Lafiya na Jima'i |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Farfesa Daniel Richardson |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1990-ya zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[SAGE Publications|Littattafan SAGE]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Sau 13 a shekara |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Impact factor|Matsayi na tasiri]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1.3 (2024) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=International_Journal_of_STD_%26_AIDS ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0956-4624%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=International+Journal+of+STD+%26+AIDS%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=0956-4624&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''Int. J. Cutar AIDS'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1758-1052 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=International+Journal+of+STD+%26%2338%3B+AIDS][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:09564624|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=International+Journal+of+STD+%26+AIDS&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=0956-4624&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=International+Journal+of+STD+%26+AIDS%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0956-4624%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=0956-4624 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[CODEN (identifier)|Rashin lafiya]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=codens&exactMatch=y&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=INSAE3 INSAE3] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0956-4624 0956-4624]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1758-1052 1758-1052] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[LCCN (identifier)|LCCN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://lccn.loc.gov/90642504 90642504] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:21176258|21176258]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[https://journals.sagepub.com/home/std Shafin farko na jarida]</span> * [http://std.sagepub.com/content/current Samun damar kan layi] * [http://std.sagepub.com/content/by/year Tarihin kan layi] |} Jaridar International Journal of STD & AIDS wata mujallar kiwon lafiya ce ta kowane wata wacce ke rufe fannin rigakafi kamar yadda aka yi amfani da ita ga cututtukan da ake yaduwa ta hanyar jima'i da [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]]. Babban edita shine Farfesa Daniel Richardson likitan asibiti da ke aiki a Brighton da Sussex Medical School. An kafa shi a cikin 1990 kuma SAGE Publications ne suka buga shi. == Abstracting da indexing == An cire mujallar kuma an jera ta a cikin Index Medicus / PubMed / MEDLINE <ref name="MEDLINE">{{Cite web |title=International Journal of STD & AIDS |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog/9007917 |access-date=2013-12-20 |website=NLM Catalog |publisher=[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] |format=}}</ref> da kuma Science Citation Index Expanded . <ref name="ISI">{{Cite web |title=Master Journal List |url=http://ip-science.thomsonreuters.com/mjl/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170926150543/http://ip-science.thomsonreuters.com/mjl/ |archive-date=2017-09-26 |access-date=2013-12-20 |website=Intellectual Property & Science |publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]]}}</ref> A cewar Jaridar Citation Reports, tasirin tasirinsa na 2012 shine 1.000, yana sanya shi na 62 daga cikin mujallu 69 a cikin rukunin "Cutar cututtuka" da 122 daga cikin muhalli 135 a cikin rukunin ""Immunology". == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|https://journals.sagepub.com/home/std}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5d9drvvqx35ov7eua054qijvi18chrm 0 159175 863480 2026-06-21T20:19:41Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357765759|HIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care]]" 863480 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Multiple issues/styles.css"></templatestyles> {{Infobox journal|title=HIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care|cover=|former_name=|abbreviation=HIV/AIDS (Auckl.)|nlm=HIV AIDS (Auckl)|discipline=[[HIV/AIDS]], [[palliative care]]|language=|editor=Shenghan Lai|publisher=[[Dove Medical Press]]|country=|history=2009–present|frequency=Upon acceptance|openaccess=Yes|license=|impact=|impact-year=|ISSN=1179-1373|eISSN=|CODEN=|JSTOR=|LCCN=2010247828|OCLC=435646745|website=http://www.dovepress.com/hivaids---research-and-palliative-care-journal|link1=|link1-name=|link2=|link2-name=}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="8" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">HIV / AIDS: Bincike da Kulawa</span>'' ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |[[HIV/AIDS|HIV / AIDS]], [[Palliative care|Kulawa mai laushi]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Shenghan Lai |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |2009-ya zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[Dove Medical Press|Jaridar Dove Medical]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Bayan karɓa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Open access|Budewa]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Haka ne, |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=HIV/AIDS:_Research_and_Palliative_Care ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1179-1373%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=HIV%2FAIDS%3A+Research+and+Palliative+Care%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=1179-1373&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''HIV / AIDS (Auckl.)'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[NLM (infobox)|NLM]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''Cutar HIV (Auckl)'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor= Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=HIV%2FAIDS%3A+Research+and+Palliative+Care][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:11791373|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=HIV%2FAIDS%3A+Research+and+Palliative+Care&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=1179-1373&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=HIV%2FAIDS%3A+Research+and+Palliative+Care%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1179-1373%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=1179-1373 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1179-1373 1179-1373]</span><br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[LCCN (identifier)|LCCN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://lccn.loc.gov/2010247828 2010247828] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:435646745|435646745]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[http://www.dovepress.com/hivaids---research-and-palliative-care-journal Shafin farko na jarida]</span> |} HIV / AIDS: Research and Palliative Care wata mujallar kiwon lafiya ce da An sake dubawa da ke rufe cutar kanjamau da kuma maganin ta. An kafa mujallar ne a Aikin 2009 kuma Dove Medical Press ce ta buga ta. An cire shi kuma an jera shi a cikin PubMed, EMBASE, EmCare, da Scopus. == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.dovepress.com/hivaids---research-and-palliative-care-journal}} {{DEFAULTSORT:HIV AIDS - Research and Palliative Care}} g2zeezogiq2nzvojznf1ewh3sbkk9r7 0 159176 863481 2026-06-21T20:20:41Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357765708|Current HIV Research]]" 863481 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=Current HIV Research|cover=Current HIV Research.jpg|former_names=|abbreviation=Curr. HIV Res.|discipline=[[HIV]] research|peer-reviewed=|language=[[English language|English]]|editor=Yuntao Wu|publisher=[[Bentham Science Publishers]]|country=|history=2003–present|frequency=|openaccess=|license=|impact=0.802|impact-year=2019|ISSN=1570-162X|eISSN=1873-4251|CODEN=|JSTOR=|LCCN=|OCLC=|website=http://benthamscience.com/journal/index.php?journalID=chivr|link1=|link1-name=|link2=|link2-name=|boxwidth=}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="7" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Binciken HIV na yanzu</span>'' | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Current_HIV_Research.jpg|frameless]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |Binciken [[HIV]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[English language|Turanci]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Yuntao Wu |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |2003-ya zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[Bentham Science Publishers|Masu wallafa Kimiyya na Bentham]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Impact factor|Matsayi na tasiri]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |0.802 (2019) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=Current_HIV_Research ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1570-162X%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Current+HIV+Research%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=1570-162X&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''Ka yi amfani da shi. Rashin jituwa na HIV'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1873-4251 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=Current+HIV+Research][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:1570162X|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=Current+HIV+Research&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=1570-162X&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Current+HIV+Research%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1570-162X%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=1570-162X Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1570-162X 1570-162X]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1873-4251 1873-4251] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[http://benthamscience.com/journal/index.php?journalID=chivr Shafin farko na jarida]</span> |} '''''Binciken HIV na yanzu''''' mujallar kimiyya ce da ake nazari da ita wanda ke mai da hankali kan Binciken HIV / AIDS, wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 2003. Yuntao Wu ne ya shirya mujallar kuma Bentham Science Publishers ne suka buga ta. Yana da tasirin 1.581 == Bayyanawa == ''Binciken HIV na yanzu'' an cire shi kuma an jera shi a cikin bayanan bayanai da wallafe-wallafen da suka biyo baya:<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" />{{Columns-list|*[[BIOSIS]] *[[BIOSIS Previews]] *[[BIOSIS Reviews Reports and Meetings]] *[[Chemical Abstracts]] *[[EMBASE]] *[[Google Scholar]] *[[MEDLINE]] *[[ISI Alerting Services]] *[[Journal Citation Reports]]/Science Edition *[[JournalSeek]] *[[PubsHub]] *[[Science Citation Index Expanded]] *[[Scopus]] *[[Standard Periodical Directory]] *[[Web of Science]]}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|1=http://benthamscience.com/journal/index.php?journalID=chivr}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bwqix81tyy8tva1howqd22g07pc3ynn 0 159177 863482 2026-06-21T20:22:13Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357765939|AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses]]" 863482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses|cover=|editor=R. Keith Reeves and Lish Ndhlovu|discipline=[[AIDS]], [[HIV]], human [[retrovirus]]|peer-reviewed=|language=[[English language|English]]|formernames=AIDS Research|abbreviation=AIDS Res. Hum. Retrovir.|nlm=AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses|publisher=[[Mary Ann Liebert]]|country=United States|frequency=|history=1983&ndash;1986: ''AIDS Research''<br/>1987&ndash;present: ''AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses''|openaccess=|license=|impact=1.805|impact-year=2018|website=http://www.liebertpub.com/aid|link1=http://online.liebertpub.com/loi/aid|link1-name=Online Access|link2=http://online.liebertpub.com/action/showFeed?ui=0&mi=3dc7lw&ai=sv&jc=aid&type=etoc&feed=rss|link2-name=RSS|JSTOR=|OCLC=13812822|LCCN=|CODEN=|ISSN=0889-2229|eISSN=1931-8405}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="7" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Binciken cutar kanjamau da cututtukan cututtukani na mutum</span>'' ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |Cutar AIDS, [[HIV]], [[retrovirus]] na mutum |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[English language|Turanci]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |R. Keith Reeves da Lish Ndhlovu |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="wrap">Tsohon sunan</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="font-style:italic;">Binciken cutar kanjamau</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1983-1986: ''Binciken cutar kanjamau''-yanzu: Bincike kanjamau da Retroviruses na Mutum<br />''Binciken cutar kanjamau da cututtukan cututtukani na mutum'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[Mary Ann Liebert]] (Amurka) &nbsp;</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Impact factor|Matsayi na tasiri]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1.805 (2018) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=AIDS_Research_and_Human_Retroviruses ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0889-2229%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=AIDS+Research+and+Human+Retroviruses%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=0889-2229&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''AIDS Res. Hum. Ka duba baya.'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[NLM (infobox)|NLM]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''Cutar AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1931-8405 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=AIDS+Research+and+Human+Retroviruses][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:08892229|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=AIDS+Research+and+Human+Retroviruses&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=0889-2229&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=AIDS+Research+and+Human+Retroviruses%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0889-2229%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=0889-2229 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0889-2229 0889-2229]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1931-8405 1931-8405] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:13812822|13812822]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[http://www.liebertpub.com/aid Shafin farko na jarida]</span> * [http://online.liebertpub.com/loi/aid Samun damar kan layi] * [http://online.liebertpub.com/action/showFeed?ui=0&mi=3dc7lw&ai=sv&jc=aid&type=etoc&feed=rss RSS] |} AIDS Research and Human retroviruses wata mujallar kimiyya ce da ake nazari da ita wanda ke mai da hankali kan Binciken HIV / AIDS, da kuma retroviruses na mutum da cututtukan da suka danganci su. An kafa mujallar ne a 1983 a matsayin ''Binciken cutar kanjamau'', kuma ta sami sunanta na yanzu a 1987. Mary Ann Liebert ce ta buga shi, kuma R. Keith Reeves da Lish Ndhlovu ne suka shirya shi. Ita ce mujallar hukuma ta [[International Retrovirology Association|Ƙungiyar Retrovirology ta Duniya]]. == Lissafi da cirewa == Binciken Cutar Cutar Ciki da Rashin Bayanan Mutum an jera su kuma an cire su a cikin bayanan bayanai masu zuwa:<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" />{{Columns-list|*[[Biological Abstracts]] *[[BIOSIS Previews]] *[[CAB Direct (database)|CAB Abstracts]] *[[Current Awareness in Biological Sciences]] (CABS) *[[Current Contents]]/Life Sciences *[[Derwent Drug File]] *[[Elsevier BIOBASE|BIOBASE]] *[[EMBASE|EMBASE/Excerpta Medica]] *[[ISI Custom Information Services]] *[[Journal Citation Reports]]/Science Edition *[[MEDLINE]] *[[Prous Science Integrity]] *[[Science Citation Index]] *[[Scopus]] *[[SIIC Databases]]}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.liebertpub.com/aid Shafin yanar gizon Binciken Cutar Cutar Ciki da Rashin Bayanai na Mutum] * [http://www.htlv.net/ Gidan yanar gizon Ƙungiyar Retrovirology ta Duniya] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] tqmqpcwi9uz9341ne2wog2lm2q18tie 0 159178 863483 2026-06-21T20:23:10Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357775141|Current HIV/AIDS Reports]]" 863483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=Current HIV/AIDS Reports|image=<!-- or |cover= -->|image_size=|alt=|caption=|former_name=<!-- or |former_names= -->|abbreviation=Curr. HIV/AIDS Rep.|discipline=[[HIV/AIDS]]|peer-reviewed=|language=English|editor=[[Paul Volberding]]|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]|country=|history=2004-present|frequency=Quarterly|openaccess=|license=|impact=4.382|impact-year=2018|ISSNlabel=|ISSN=1548-3568|eISSN=1548-3576|CODEN=|JSTOR=|LCCN=2004212063|OCLC=54104357|website=https://www.springer.com/journal/11904|link1=https://link.springer.com/journal/11904/volumes-and-issues|link1-name=Online archive|link2=<!-- up to |link5= -->|link2-name=<!-- up to |link5-name= -->|boxwidth=}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="7" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Rahotanni na HIV / AIDS na yanzu</span>'' ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |[[HIV/AIDS|HIV / AIDS]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[Paul Volberding]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |2004-ya zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer Kimiyya + Kasuwanci Media]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Kowace rana |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Impact factor|Matsayi na tasiri]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |4.382 (2018) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=Current_HIV/AIDS_Reports ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1548-3568%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Current+HIV%2FAIDS+Reports%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=1548-3568&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''Ka yi amfani da shi. HIV / AIDS Rep.'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1548-3576 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=Current+HIV%2FAIDS+Reports][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:15483568|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=Current+HIV%2FAIDS+Reports&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=1548-3568&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Current+HIV%2FAIDS+Reports%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1548-3568%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=1548-3568 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1548-3568 1548-3568]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1548-3576 1548-3576] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[LCCN (identifier)|LCCN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://lccn.loc.gov/2004212063 2004212063] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:54104357|54104357]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[https://www.springer.com/journal/11904 Shafin farko na jarida]</span> * [https://link.springer.com/journal/11904/volumes-and-issues Tarihin kan layi] |} '''''Rahotanni na [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]] na yanzu''''' wata mujallar bincike ce ta kwata-kwata da ake nazari kan lafiyar jiki da ke rufe HIV / AIDS. An kafa shi a shekara ta 2004 kuma Springer Science + Business Media ce ta buga shi. Babban edita shi ne Paul Volberding (Jami'ar California, San Francisco). A cewar Jaridar Citation Reports, mujallar tana da tasirin tasirin 2018 na 4.382. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|https://www.springer.com/journal/11904}} o6s4mix2bggc4vz1mbw7j5m2y84jp5e 0 159179 863484 2026-06-21T20:24:29Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357765693|AIDS Education and Prevention]]" 863484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=AIDS Education and Prevention|image=<!-- or |cover= -->|caption=|former_name=<!-- or |former_names= -->|abbreviation=AIDS Educ. Prev.|nlm=<!-- For the NLM abbreviation IF different from ISO 4 abbreviation-->|discipline=[[Public health]]|language=English|editor=Francisco S. Sy<!-- or |editors= -->|publisher=[[Guilford Press]]|country=|history=|frequency=Bimonthly|openaccess=|license=|impact=|impact-year=|ISSN=0899-9546|eISSN=1943-2755|CODEN=|JSTOR=|LCCN=|OCLC=|website=http://guilfordjournals.com/loi/aeap|link1=|link1-name=|link2=<!-- up to |link5= -->|link2-name=<!-- up to |link5-name= -->}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="6" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Ilimi da Rigakafin cutar kanjamau</span>'' ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |[[Public health|Lafiyar jama'a]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Francisco S. Sy |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[Guilford Press]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Sau biyu |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=AIDS_Education_and_Prevention ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0899-9546%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=AIDS+Education+and+Prevention%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=0899-9546&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''Cutar AIDS. An yi amfani da shi a lokacin da aka tsara shi.'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1943-2755 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=AIDS+Education+and+Prevention][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:08999546|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=AIDS+Education+and+Prevention&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=0899-9546&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=AIDS+Education+and+Prevention%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0899-9546%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=0899-9546 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0899-9546 0899-9546]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1943-2755 1943-2755] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[http://guilfordjournals.com/loi/aeap Shafin farko na jarida]</span> |} '''''Ilimi da Rigakafin cutar kanjamau''''' wata mujallar kiwon lafiya ce ta jama'a da ake nazari a kowane wata wanda Guilford Press ta buga a madadin International Society for AIDS Education . Ya ƙunshi ilimi da [[Kula da lafiya na rigakafi|rigakafi]] [[Kanjamau|Cutar kanjamau]], gami da nazarin yaduwar cututtuka na halayen haɗari. A cewar Jaridar Citation Reports, mujallar tana da tasirin tasirin 2021 na 1.920.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AIDS Education and Prevention |url=https://guilfordjournals.com/journal/aeap}}</ref> Babban edita shi ne Francisco S. Sy (National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities). == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://guilfordjournals.com/loi/aeap}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 507v4oua6mqip9xmyvn8wtuypyhc0ed 0 159180 863485 2026-06-21T20:26:02Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357765831|AIDS Care]]" 863485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=AIDS Care|cover=|caption=|former_name=<!-- or |former_names= -->|abbreviation=AIDS Care|discipline=[[HIV/AIDS]]|peer-reviewed=|language=English|editor=Lorraine Sherr|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]|country=|history=1989–present|frequency=10/year|openaccess=|license=|impact=1.887|impact-year=2021|ISSNlabel=|ISSN=0954-0121|eISSN=1360-0451|CODEN=AIDCEF|JSTOR=|LCCN=96640174|OCLC=629710676|website=http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/caic20|link1=http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/caic20/current|link1-name=Online access|link2=<!-- up to |link5= -->|link2-name=<!-- up to |link5-name= -->|boxwidth=}} <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''''Kula da cutar kanjamau''''' (subtitle: Psychological and Socio-medical Aspects of AIDS / HIV) wata mujallar kiwon lafiya ce da ake nazari da ita wanda ke buga binciken kanjamau / AIDS daga fannoni daban-daban, gami da [[Ilimin halin dan Adam|ilimin halayyar dan adam]] da zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aims & scope |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=caic20 |access-date=12 June 2016 |website=AIDS Care website}}</ref> An kafa shi a cikin 1989 kuma Taylor & Francis ne ke buga shi sau goma a kowace shekara. Babban edita shine Lorraine Sherr (Jami'ar Jami'ar London). A cewar Jaridar Citation Reports, mujallar tana da tasirin tasirin 2021 na 1.887. Ciwon rashin lafiya (AIDS), ci gaba ne, wanda ake kira na yau da kullun. Kwayar cutar rigakafin mutum ce ta haifar da shi, wanda ake kira HIV. Kwayar cutar HIV tana lalata tsarin rigakafi don jiki ba zai iya yaki da kamuwa da cuta da cututtuka ba. Idan ba a kula da kwayar cutar kanjamau ba, zai iya ɗaukar shekaru kafin ya raunana tsarin rigakafin ya isa ya zama cutar kanjamaun daji. Godiya ga magani, yawancin mutane a Amurka ba sa samun cutar kanjamau. A cewar Wikipedia HIV galibi ana yaduwa ta hanyar jima'i ta hanyar jini, maniyyi, ko ruwa na farji. Hakanan yana iya yaduwa daga uwa zuwa yaro yayin daukar ciki, haihuwa, ko shayarwa. HIV yana cikin ruwa a matsayin kwayar cuta kyauta da kuma a cikin ƙwayoyin da suka kamu da cuta. Hadarin yaduwar cutar ba shi da mahimmanci idan abokin tarayya mai kamuwa da cutar yana da nauyin kwayar cuta da ba a iya ganowa ba. Kula da cutar kanjamau ya haɗa da maganin antiretroviral (ART) don kawar da kwayar cutar da ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi. Binciken likitanci na yau da kullun yana sa ido kan lafiya da kuma kula da cututtukan da suka dace. Abinci mai gina jiki, tsabta, da tallafin lafiyar kwakwalwa suna da mahimmanci. Ayyuka masu aminci suna hana yaduwa ga wasu. Ƙungiyoyin tallafi suna ba da taimako na motsin rai da na zamantakewa. Biya magani yana inganta ingancin rayuwa da tsammanin rayuwa. Kulawa kuma ya haɗa da sarrafa yanayin da ke tattare da shi kamar tarin fuka ko hepatitis. Ilimi da ba da shawara suna ba da damar mutane su rayu da kyau kuma su yanke shawara game da kiwon lafiya. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/caic20}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 81gvrp6bvdkarwmrc5tp1m42lw1k8mf 0 159181 863487 2026-06-21T20:27:02Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357775199|AIDS and Behavior]]" 863487 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox journal|title=AIDS and Behavior|cover=AIDS and Behavior cover.jpg|former_name=<!-- or |former_names= -->|abbreviation=AIDS Behav.|discipline=[[HIV/AIDS]]|editor=[[Seth Kalichman]]|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]|country=|history=1997–present|frequency=9/year|openaccess=|license=|impact=3.895|impact-year=2020|ISSN=1090-7165|eISSN=1573-3254|CODEN=AIBEFC|JSTOR=|LCCN=97643440|OCLC=44155896|website=https://www.springer.com/journal/10461|link1=https://link.springer.com/journal/10461/volumes-and-issues|link1-name=Online archive}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="7" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Cutar Cutar Ciki da Halin</span>'' | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:AIDS_and_Behavior_cover.jpg|frameless]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |[[HIV/AIDS|HIV / AIDS]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[Seth Kalichman]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1997-ya zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer Kimiyya + Kasuwanci Media]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |9/shekara |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Impact factor|Matsayi na tasiri]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |3.895 (2020) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=AIDS_and_Behavior ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1090-7165%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=AIDS+and+Behavior%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=1090-7165&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''AIDS Behav.'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1573-3254 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=AIDS+and+Behavior][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:10907165|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=AIDS+and+Behavior&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=1090-7165&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=AIDS+and+Behavior%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1090-7165%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=1090-7165 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[CODEN (identifier)|Rashin lafiya]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=codens&exactMatch=y&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=AIBEFC AIBEFC] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1090-7165 1090-7165]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1573-3254 1573-3254] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[LCCN (identifier)|LCCN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://lccn.loc.gov/97643440 97643440] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:44155896|44155896]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[https://www.springer.com/journal/10461 Shafin farko na jarida]</span> * [https://link.springer.com/journal/10461/volumes-and-issues Tarihin kan layi] |} AIDS and Behavior wata mujallar kiwon lafiya ce da ake nazari da ita wanda ke rufe fannoni na halayyar cutar kanjamau / AIDS. An kafa shi a cikin 1997 kuma ana buga shi sau tara a kowace shekara ta hanyar Springer Science + Business Media. Babban editan shine Seth Kalichman (Jami'ar Connecticut). == Abstracting da indexing == An cire mujallar kuma an jera ta a cikin: <ref>{{Cite web |title=About this journal |url=https://www.springer.com/public+health/journal/10461?detailsPage=aboutThis |access-date=March 8, 2015 |website=Springer.com}}</ref> * CINAHL * Kimiyyar Jama'a * PubMed / MedlinTsakanin Tsakanin * Scopus * PsycINFO * Rashin Rashin Ruwa * ''Abubuwan da ke ciki a yanzu / Kimiyya ta zamantakewa da halayyar mutum'' A cewar Jaridar Citation Reports, mujallar tana da tasirin tasirin 2020 na 3.895. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|https://www.springer.com/journal/10461}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] j46fl2d951tnahb41zowzfzvj840d1i 0 159182 863488 2026-06-21T20:28:14Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357775058|AIDS (journal)]]" 863488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Journal|title=AIDS|cover=AIDS cover 2007.gif|discipline=[[HIV]], [[AIDS]]|abbreviation=AIDS|publisher=[[Lippincott Williams & Wilkins]]|country=|frequency=18/year|history=1987–present|openaccess=[[DElayed open access journal|Delayed]], after 12 months|impact=4.632|impact-year=2021|website=http://www.aidsonline.com/|CODEN=AIDSET|LCCN=90640840|OCLC=16016361|ISSN=0269-9370|eISSN=1473-5571}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="7" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Cutar kanjamau</span>'' | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:AIDS_cover_2007.gif|frameless]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |Cutar [[HIV]], [[AIDS|Cutar kanjamau]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |1987-yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">[[Lippincott Williams & Wilkins]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Shekara 18/shekara |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Open access|Budewa]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[DElayed open access journal|Ya jinkirta]], bayan watanni 12 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Impact factor|Matsayi na tasiri]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |4.632 (2021) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=AIDS ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0269-9370%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=AIDS%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=0269-9370&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''Cutar kanjamau'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1473-5571 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=AIDS+%28journal%29][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:02699370|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=AIDS&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=0269-9370&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=AIDS%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0269-9370%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=0269-9370 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[CODEN (identifier)|Rashin lafiya]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=codens&exactMatch=y&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=AIDSET AIDSET] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0269-9370 0269-9370]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1473-5571 1473-5571] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[LCCN (identifier)|LCCN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://lccn.loc.gov/90640840 90640840] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:16016361|16016361]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[http://www.aidsonline.com/ Shafin farko na jarida]</span> |} AIDS wata mujallar kimiyya ce da An sake dubawa wacce Lippincott Williams &amp;amp; Wilkins suka buga. An kafa shi ne a cikin kimanin 1983 ta Gower Medical Publishing a London, kuma mujallar hukuma ce ta International AIDS Society . Ya ƙunshi dukkan fannoni na '''''[[Kanjamau|Cutar kanjamau]]''''' da cutar kanjamaan AIDS, gami da kimiyya ta asali, Gwaje-gwaje na asibiti, ilmin annoba, da [[kimiyyar zamantakewa]]. Babban editan shine Jay A. Levy . Ana buga batutuwa goma sha takwas a kowace shekara. == Abstracting da indexing == An cire mujallar kuma an jera ta a cikin Chemical Abstracts Service, EMBASE, Index Medicus, MEDLINE, da Science Citation Index Expanded. A cewar Jaridar Citation Reports, mujallar tana da tasirin tasirin 2021 na 4.632. == Dubi kuma == * ''Jaridar Ciwon Rashin Rashin Ruwa'' == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://www.aidsonline.com/}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] fn3pv8hcviam4kkltflv87eo5z8kbou 0 159183 863489 2026-06-21T20:29:20Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357775245|African Journal of AIDS Research]]" 863489 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> {{Infobox journal|title=African Journal of AIDS Research|cover=|discipline=[[AIDS]]|editor=Alan Whiteside|website=https://www.nisc.co.za/products/1/journals/african-journal-of-aids-research|link2=https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajar|link2-name=Online access|link2-at=[[AJOL]]|impact=0.861|impact-year=2016|publisher=Centre for AIDS Development, Research and Evaluation|country=[[South Africa]]|abbreviation=Afr. J. AIDS Res.|history=2002–present|frequency=Quarterly|ISSN=1608-5906|eISSN=1727-9445|JSTOR=|OCLC=50398004|LCCN=2003243352|RSS=}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox hproduct" |+ class="infobox-title" id="8" style="font-size:125%;" |''<span class="fn">Jaridar Afirka ta Binciken Cutar kanjamau</span>'' ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Hanyar horo | class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;" |[[AIDS|Cutar kanjamau]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An shirya shi ta hanyar&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Alan Whiteside |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Bayani game da bugawa |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Tarihi | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |2002-ya zuwa yanzu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mai bugawa | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Cibiyar Ci gaban cutar kanjamau, Bincike da Bincike ([[South Africa|Afirka ta Kudu]]) &nbsp;</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Matsakaicin lokaci | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |Kowace rana |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; "><span class="nowrap">[[Impact factor|Matsayi na tasiri]]</span></div> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |0.861 (2016) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Abun taƙaice <span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">[https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=African_Journal_of_AIDS_Research ISO 4] ([http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/ Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' Bluebook ([https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/ Alt]) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1608-5906%5BISSN%5D NLM] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=African+Journal+of+AIDS+Research%5BJournal%5D Alt]) • [https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf MathSciNet] ([https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=1608-5906&Submit=Search Alt]) &nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;[[File:Lock-red-alt-2.svg|link=|14x14px|Paid subscription required]]</span> <br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[ISO 4 (infobox)|ISO 4]] | class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;" |''Afr. J. AIDS Res.'' |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) • Scopus · W&L<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;">CODEN ([https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=1727-9445 Alt] '''&#xB7;''' [https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=African+Journal+of+AIDS+Research][https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [[jstor:16085906|JSTOR]] ([https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=African+Journal+of+AIDS+Research&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2 Alt]) '''&#xB7;''' [https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=1608-5906&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2 LCCN] ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=African+Journal+of+AIDS+Research%5BJournal%5D Alt]) MIAR '''&#xB7;''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=1608-5906%5BISSN%5D NLM] (alt) • [https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=1608-5906 Scopus] '''&#xB7;''' [https://managementtools4.wlu.edu/LawJournals/ W&L]&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;<br />&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;&nbsp;&#x20;</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |<span class="value">[https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1608-5906 1608-5906]</span> (bugawa) [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1727-9445 1727-9445] (web) &nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[LCCN (identifier)|LCCN]]</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[https://lccn.loc.gov/2003243352 2003243352] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<span class="type">[[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] ba.&nbsp;</span> | class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;" |[[oclc:50398004|50398004]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;color:#000;" |Haɗin kai |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;" | * <span class="url">[https://www.nisc.co.za/products/1/journals/african-journal-of-aids-research Shafin farko na jarida]</span> * [[AJOL]].info/index.php/ajar" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Samun damar kan layi a AJOL&#x20; |} Jaridar African Journal of AIDS ita ce mujallar kiwon lafiya da An sake dubawa da aka buga a 2002 ta Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa (Grahamstown, [[Afirka]] ta Kudu) kan batutuwa da suka shafi fahimtar girman zamantakewa ga [[Kanjamau|Cutar kanjamau]] a Afirka. An ƙaddamar da shi don magance rashin mujallar da ke kula da Afirka da ke mai da hankali kan binciken kimiyyar zamantakewa kan cutar HIV / AIDS a Afirka, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kelly |first=Kevin |date=April 2007 |title=Editorial |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.2989/16085900709490392 |journal=African Journal of AIDS Research |language=en |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=i–ii |doi=10.2989/16085900709490392 |issn=1608-5906 |pmid=25875350 |s2cid=218646685 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> yanzu Taylor da Francis ne suka buga shi kuma suka rarraba shi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=African Journal of AIDS Research |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/raar20 |website=Taylor and Francis Online}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|https://www.nisc.co.za/products/1/journals/african-journal-of-aids-research}} 0rmxvke0wxg1rtlifs5bv4thkxppug5 0 159184 863490 2026-06-21T20:30:33Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359729682|Todos Juntos Podemos Parar el SIDA]]" 863490 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Todos Juntos Podemos Parar el SIDA (Turanci: Tare Za Mu Iya Dakatar da Cutar AIDS) wani mural ne wanda ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa Keith Haring ya kirkira a shekarar 1989. An zana mural ɗin don wayar da kan jama'a game da annobar cutar kanjamau. Tana kusa da gidan kayan gargajiya na Museum d'Art Contemporani de Barcelona a unguwar El Raval ta Barcelona. == Tarihi == An haife shi a Kutztown, Pennsylvania, Haring ya koma Birnin New York don halartar Makarantar Fasaha a shekarar 1978. A farkon shekarun 1980, yana zana rubutu a cikin New York City Subway, wanda ya kai shi ga karɓar nune-nunen a wuraren zane-zane. Tsakanin 1982 da 1989, Haring ya kirkiro ayyukan jama'a sama da 50 a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bio |url=https://www.haring.com/!/about-haring/bio |access-date=2021-03-10 |website=Keith Haring}}</ref> Haring ya kasance ɗan luwaɗi a bayyane kuma lokacin da annobar cutar kanjamau a Amurka ta fara, ya yi amfani da aikinsa don ba da shawara ga [[jima'i mai aminci]]. An gano shi da cutar [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]] a shekarar 1987. Ya gaya wa Rolling Stone a cikin 1989: "AIDS ya sa ya fi wuya ga mutane su yarda, saboda an sanya luwadi ya zama daidai da mutuwa. Tsoro ne mai adalci ga mutanen da ba su da cikakken bayani kuma saboda haka jahilci. " A cikin 1989, ya kirkiro Gidauniyar Keith Haring don samar da kudade ga kungiyoyin cutar kanjamau da shirye-shiryen yara. Haring ya mutu ne sakamakon matsalolin da suka shafi cutar kanjamau a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Steele |first=Tom |date=May 2005 |title=Keith Haring |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aWIEAAAAMBAJ&dq=haring+diagnosed+aids+1988&pg=PA46 |journal=Out |pages=46}}</ref> == Shigarwa == [[Fayil:Keith_Harring_Barcelona.jpg|left|thumb|Kayan mural a cikin 2014]] A lokacin tafiyar Haring daga Madrid a watan Fabrairun 1989, abokin Haring Montse Guillén, mai gidan cin abinci na El Internacional a New York, ya ba da shawarar cewa ya kirkiro mural na wayar da kan jama'a game da cutar kanjamau a Barcelona. Haring ya amince a karkashin yanayin cewa ya zaɓi wurin.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Todos juntos podemos parar el SIDA (Together We Can Stop AIDS) |url=https://visitmuseum.gencat.cat/en/macba/object/todos-juntos-podemos-parar-el-sida |website=Visit Museum}}</ref> Tare da izini daga Majalisa, Haring ya zaɓi wani fili a cikin Raval, sannan wani yanki mai dauke da miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka sani da Barrio Chino (Chinatown). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Barrio Chino - New York Times |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/fodors/top/features/travel/destinations/europe/spain/barcelona/fdrs_feat_23_13.html |access-date=2021-03-10 |website=archive.nytimes.com}}</ref> Cutar AIDS matsala ce mai rikitarwa kuma yawancin fitattun mutane ba su yi magana game da annobar ba.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=López |first=Carola |title=Keith Haring mural calling to fight AIDS recreated in its original Barcelona neighbourhood |url=http://www.catalannews.com/culture/item/keith-haring-mural-calling-to-fight-aids-recreated-in-its-original-barcelona-neighbourhood,%20https://www.catalannews.com/culture/item/keith-haring-mural-calling-to-fight-aids-recreated-in-its-original-barcelona-neighbourhood |access-date=2021-03-10 |website=Catalan News |language=en-gb}}</ref> Ferran Pujol, memba na kungiyar Hispano SIDA (Hispanic AIDS) ya yi abota da Haring yayin ziyararsa zuwa Barcelona. Pujol ya bayyana cewa a lokacin da Haring ya kirkiro mural ɗin, mutane "har yanzu suna da matukar damuwa da wani saboda an gano shi da cutar kanjamau cewa ba a taɓa magance batun ba". Ya ce, "Mutanen da aka gano an guje su ko ta yaya, kuma mutane sun yi hasashen wanda zai iya kamuwa da cutar. "Ƙara cewa "gona wani wanda a bayyane yake magana game da cutar kansar yana da mahimmanci".<ref name=":3" /> An zana mural ɗin a kan wani katako na kankare a Plaça de Salvador Seguí kuma ya ƙunshi yawancin shahararrun alamar Haring masu rawa, macizai, allurar hypodermic da adadi uku na ganin babu mugunta, ba su magana da mugunta ba, ba su ji mugunta ba. A cikin littafinsa, Haring ya rubuta:<blockquote>"Ganuwar tana da wani abu mai ban mamaki a gare ta, wanda ya sa ya zama da wahala a fenti, amma daya daga cikin abubuwan da na fi so game da zanen murals shine adadin daidaitawa (a zahiri) dole ne ku jimre da shi don cika aikin. Na sami matsayi da suka kasance sabo a gare ni don daidaitawa da kiyaye daidaito da ake buƙata. " Wasu daga cikin mafi kyawun hotuna na wannan zanen suna da harshen jiki da matsayi. "</blockquote> == Sake ginawa == [[Fayil:Inauguració_reproducció_mural_Keith_Haring_002A.jpg|thumb|Mai ba da shawara kan al'adu na Catalonia, Ferran Mascarell yayi la'akari da wani daki-daki na mural ɗin da darektan MACBA, Bartomeu Marí ya nuna a cikin 2014]] Ba da daɗewa ba bayan an kammala shi, masu zane-zane na gida sun lalata mural ɗin na asali kuma lalacewar muhalli ta shafa shi.<ref name=":0" /> Bayan 'yan shekaru an shirya rushe ginin don buɗe hanyar Filmoteca de Catalunya . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2018 |title=Keith Haring's Mural: Todos Juntos Podemos Parar el SIDA |url=https://barcelonalowdown.com/keith-haring-mural/ |access-date=2021-03-10 |website=Barcelona Lowdown |language=en-GB}}</ref> Gidan Gida ya cimma yarjejeniya tare da magadan Haring da kuma kusa da Museum d'Art Contemporani de Barcelona (MACBA) don canja wurin yanki, adana ainihin ƙirar.<ref name=":0" /> A watan Satumbar 1992, ƙungiyar maidowa da Ajuntament de Barcelona ta hayar ta fara aiwatar da canja wurin mural ɗin.<ref name=":0" /> An sake yin mural ɗin sau uku a kan bango kusa da MACBA, 'yan mita ɗari daga ainihin wurinsa. An zana sigar yanzu a cikin 2014 don wani taron da ke nuna bikin cika shekaru 25 na asali. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=López |first=Carola |title=Keith Haring mural calling to fight AIDS recreated in its original Barcelona neighbourhood |url=http://www.catalannews.com/culture/item/keith-haring-mural-calling-to-fight-aids-recreated-in-its-original-barcelona-neighbourhood,%20https://www.catalannews.com/culture/item/keith-haring-mural-calling-to-fight-aids-recreated-in-its-original-barcelona-neighbourhood |access-date=2021-03-10 |website=Catalan News |language=en-gb}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> {{Keith Haring}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5s78aw1ji74bl9gzzo4et5fl48ntdv6 0 159185 863491 2026-06-21T20:31:31Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334607792|Melbourne Summer Set]]" 863491 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Melbourne]] Summer Set''' ya kasance saiti na wasanni biyu na wasan tennis a lokaci guda da Tennis Australia ta shirya a Melbourne Park a Melbourne, Australia a karo na farko don mayar da martani ga soke wasannin dumi da yawa da aka tsara kafin Australian Open, gami da Brisbane International, Hobart International, [[WTA Auckland Open]]">ATP Auckland Open, da WTA AucklandOpen, saboda ci gaba da [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|Cutar COVID-19]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 November 2021 |title=Brisbane Tennis cancelled for 2022 |url=https://www.brisbaneinternational.com.au/2021/11/brisbane-tennis-cancelled-for-2022/ |website=brisbaneinternational.com.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2021 |title=Melbourne Summer Set wildcards revealed |url=https://www.tennis.com.au/news/2021/12/30/melbourne-summer-set-wildcards-revealed |website=tennis.com.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2021 |title=Tennis: ASB Classic cancelled for second straight year |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/tennis-asb-classic-cancelled-for-second-straight-year/HFT33WQ7ABUGE5HZ37IGYW5BHY/ |access-date=16 December 2021 |website=[[The New Zealand Herald]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 November 2021 |title=Australian Summer of Tennis calendar set for January |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/australian-summer-tennis-calendar-set-january |access-date=9 January 2022 |publisher=[[Tennis Australia]]}}</ref> Jerin ya kunshi 2022 Melbourne Summer Set 1 da 2022 Melbourne Summer Set 2. Ba a ci gaba da shi ba a 2023. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} rr3xmd7jbbln6p44gtjhg2vmmctgdfp 0 159186 863492 2026-06-21T20:32:38Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357361511|Grand Theft Hamlet]]" 863492 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Grand Theft ''Hamlet'' fim ne na Burtaniya na 2024 wanda Sam Crane da Pinny Grylls suka jagoranta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 March 2024 |title='Grand Theft Hamlet': Altitude Boards SXSW Doc About Actors Who Staged Hamlet Production Inside 'Grand Theft Auto' Video Game |url=https://deadline.com/2024/03/grand-theft-hamlet-altitude-actors-production-inside-gta-1235850197/ |access-date=16 March 2024 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> [[Documentary film|fim din]] game da shirya samar da Hamlet ne a cikin wasan bidiyo Grand Theft Auto Online a lokacin daya daga cikin kulle-kulle na COVID-19 na Burtaniya a cikin 2021.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Zilko |first=Christian |date=2024-03-13 |title='Grand Theft Hamlet' Filmmakers Talk Staging Shakespeare Inside 'GTA': 'If They Thought We Were Sh*t, They Were Gonna Shoot Us' |url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/interviews/grand-theft-hamlet-filmmakers-interview-sxsw-1234964017/ |access-date=2024-03-14 |website=IndieWire |language=en-US}}</ref> == Farko == Shirin ya biyo bayan Sam Crane da Mark Oosterveen yayin da suke ƙoƙari su jefa kuma su samar da wasan kwaikwayo na [[William Shakespeare]] ''Hamlet'' a cikin wasan bidiyo Grand Theft Auto Online yayin da suke zaune a gida saboda kulle-kulle a lokacin annobar COVID-19 a Ingila. An harbe fim din gaba ɗaya a cikin wasan bidiyo a matsayin samar da Machinima kuma batutuwan duk ana nuna su ta hanyar halayen wasan.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Grand Theft Auto: How Shakespeare's Hamlet found a virtual stage |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c789pev9dgpo |access-date=2024-12-23 |website=[[BBC News]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Saki == Fim din ya fara ne a bikin fina-finai na SXSW na 2024, inda ya lashe kyautar Grand Jury don mafi kyawun fasalin fim.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Zilko |first=Christian |date=2024-03-13 |title='Grand Theft Hamlet' Filmmakers Talk Staging Shakespeare Inside 'GTA': 'If They Thought We Were Sh*t, They Were Gonna Shoot Us' |url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/interviews/grand-theft-hamlet-filmmakers-interview-sxsw-1234964017/ |access-date=2024-03-14 |website=IndieWire |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title='Bob Trevino Likes It', 'Grand Theft Hamlet' top SXSW juried award winners |url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/bob-trevino-likes-it-grand-theft-hamlet-top-sxsw-juried-award-winners/5191590.article#:~:text=Tracie%20Laymon's%20Bob%20Trevino%20Likes,home%20the%20documentary%20feature%20prize. |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=screendaily.com}}</ref> An fitar da fim din a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo a Burtaniya a ranar 6 ga Disamba 2024 ta hanyar Tull Stories, tare da Mubi ya saki fim din a Amurka a ranar 17 ga Janairun 2025 kuma a duniya a kan sabis na yawo a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kennedy |first=Victoria |date=15 October 2024 |title=Hamlet film made in GTA Online coming to US cinemas and global streaming services |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/hamlet-film-made-in-gta-online-coming-to-us-cinemas-and-global-streaming-services |access-date=25 October 2024 |website=[[Eurogamer]]}}</ref> == Karɓar baƙi == === Amsa mai mahimmanci === <templatestyles src="Template:Template for discussion/styles.css" />  Glenn Kenny of ''RogerEbert.com'' gave the film four out of four stars and wrote, "More than just a shaggy dog story, ''Grand Theft Hamlet'' is a pointed, entertaining and moving examination of interdisciplinary conductivity at its most surprising."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kenny |first=Glenn |author-link=Glenn Kenny |date=January 14, 2025 |title=Grand Theft Hamlet |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/grand-theft-hamlet-film-review-2025 |access-date=January 15, 2025 |website=[[RogerEbert.com]]}}</ref> Critic Simon Abrams, Kenny's colleague in ''RogerEbert.com'', named ''Grand Theft Hamlet'' as the best film of 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 December 2025 |title=Two Thumbs Up! The Individual Top Tens of 2025 |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/features/two-thumbs-up-the-individual-top-tens-of-2025 |access-date=23 February 2026 |website=[[RogerEbert.com]] |publisher=Ebert Digital LLC}}</ref> === Godiya gaisuwa === {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" |Kyautar / bikin fim ! scope="col" |Ranar bikin ! scope="col" |Sashe ! scope="col" |Mai karɓa ! scope="col" |Sakamakon ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |Kyautar Fim Mai Zaman Kanta ta Burtaniya | rowspan="2" |8 ga Disamba 2024 |Darakta mafi kyau na farko - Bayani mai ban sha'awa |Sam Crane da Pinny Grylls| {{Won}} | rowspan="2" |<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Grand Theft Auto: How Shakespeare's Hamlet found a virtual stage |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c789pev9dgpo |access-date=2024-12-23 |website=[[BBC News]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> |- |Kyautar Raindance Maverick |''Babban satar Hamlet''| {{Won}} |- ! scope="row" |Kyautar Zaɓin Bayani na Masu sukar |Nuwamba 9, 2025 |Mafi kyawun Bayani na Farko |Sam Crane da Pinny Grylls| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Clayton |date=October 14, 2025 |title=‘Orwell: 2+2=5’ and ‘The Perfect Neighbor’ Lead Critics Choice Documentary Awards Nominations |url=https://variety.com/2025/film/awards/2025-critics-choice-documentary-awards-nominations-1236551801/ |access-date=October 14, 2025 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |Cibiyar Masu Fim ta London |2 ga Fabrairu 2025 |Shirin Shekara | rowspan="4" |''Babban satar Hamlet''| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Calnan |first=Ellie |date=19 December 2024 |title='The Brutalist', 'Anora' lead London Critics' Circle Film nominations |url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/the-brutalist-anora-lead-london-critics-circle-film-nominations/5200285.article |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=[[Screen International#Screen Daily|Screen Daily]]}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |Bikin Fim na Sitges |12 ga Oktoba 2024 |Mafi kyawun Sitges Documenta Film| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Todos los ganadores de Sitges - Festival Internacional de Cinema Fantàstic de Catalunya 2024 |url=https://www.escribiendocine.com/noticias/2024/10/12/18524-todos-los-ganadores-de-sitges--festival-internacional-de-cinema-fantstic-de-catalunya-2024#google_vignette |access-date=2025-01-22 |website=EscribiendoCine |language=es}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |Bikin Fim na SXSW |13 Maris 2024 |Kyautar juriya don mafi kyawun fasalin| {{Won}} |<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title='Bob Trevino Likes It', 'Grand Theft Hamlet' top SXSW juried award winners |url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/bob-trevino-likes-it-grand-theft-hamlet-top-sxsw-juried-award-winners/5191590.article#:~:text=Tracie%20Laymon's%20Bob%20Trevino%20Likes,home%20the%20documentary%20feature%20prize. |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=screendaily.com}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" |Bikin Fim na Duniya na Vancouver |17 ga Oktoba 2024 |Kyautar Masu sauraro, Spectrum| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grand Theft Hamlet (2024) Awards & Festivals |url=https://mubi.com/en/films/grand-theft-hamlet/awards |access-date=2025-01-22 |website=mubi.com}}</ref> |- |} == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb title|28244549}} {{Grand Theft Auto}}{{Hamlet}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qbty7nws2dr2tp1ld63hoj3pf6kag8t 0 159187 863493 2026-06-21T20:33:56Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345988645|Isolation Stories]]" 863493 wikitext text/x-wiki Isolation Stories wani karamin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin ne na Burtaniya game da mutanen da ke rayuwa ta hanyar annobar COVID-19 wanda aka fara watsawa a kan ITV a cikin dare huɗu a jere daga 4 ga Mayu zuwa 7 ga Mayu 2020 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gaffney |first=Sarah |title=CASTING REVEALED FOR NEW ITV DRAMAS, ISOLATION STORIES, REFLECTING LIFE IN LOCKDOWN |url=https://www.itvstudios.com/casting-revealed-for-new-itv-dramas-isolation-stories-reflecting-life-in-lockdown |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712150453/https://www.itvstudios.com/casting-revealed-for-new-itv-dramas-isolation-stories-reflecting-life-in-lockdown |archive-date=12 July 2021 |access-date=12 July 2021 |publisher=ITV Studios}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kanter |first=Jake |date=30 April 2020 |title='Isolation Stories': How BAFTA-Winner Jeff Pope Made An ITV Drama Series During Lockdown |url=https://deadline.com/2020/04/isolation-stories-itv-interview-1202920977/ |publisher=Deadline}}</ref> == Abubuwan da suka faru == * Mel (bayyanawa 4 Mayu 2020) tare da [[Sheridan Smith]] - wanda Gaby Chiappe ya rubuta <ref>{{Cite web |last=Youngs |first=Ian |date=4 May 2020 |title=How socially distanced stars are still making TV dramas in a crisis |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-52501156 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> * ''Ron & Russell'' (bayyanawa 5 Mayu 2020) tare da Michael Jibson - wanda Jeff Pope ya rubutaJeff Paparoma * Mike & Rochelle (bayyanawa 6 Mayu 2020) tare da Angela Griffin - wanda William Ivory ya rubuta * ''Karen'' (bayyanawa 7 Mayu 2020) tare da David Threlfall - wanda Neil McKay ya rubuta <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mangan |first=Lucy |date=4 May 2020 |title=Isolation Stories review – powerful snapshots of lockdown life |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2020/may/04/isolation-stories-review-powerful-snapshots-of-lockdown-life |website=The Guardian}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} a3mbktq1quwi65ame2x8o7rg76ooq2d 0 159188 863494 2026-06-21T20:35:13Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1271433761|Hold Still: A Portrait of Our Nation in 2020]]" 863494 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Infobox book/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Hold Still: A Portrait of Our Nation in 2020 littafi ne na daukar hoto na 2021 wanda National Portrait Gallery ya buga wanda ke kewaye da cutar COVID-19 a Ingila. Don kamfen ɗin "Hold Still", jama'ar Burtaniya sun gabatar da hotunan da aka ɗauka a lokacin kullewar cutar don nune-nunen. Catherine, Duchess na Cambridge, da kuma kwamitin masana, ciki har da Nicholas Cullinan, Lemn Sissay, Ruth May, da Maryam Wahid, sun tsara hotunan da aka nuna a cikin littafin. == Tarihi da bugawa == A watan Mayu 2020, Duchess na Cambridge na lokacin ta ƙaddamar da "Hold Still", aikin daukar hoto don kama rayuwa a lokacin [[Rufewar COVID-19|kulle-kulle]] a Burtaniya, wanda ya sami gabatarwar 31,000 daga mahalarta shekaru hudu zuwa saba'in da biyar.<ref name="npg" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2020 |title=The Duchess of Cambridge launches Hold Still project |url=https://www.itv.com/thismorning/hot-topics/the-duchess-of-cambridge-launches-hold-still-project |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516024612/https://www.itv.com/thismorning/hot-topics/the-duchess-of-cambridge-launches-hold-still-project |archive-date=16 May 2020 |access-date=15 May 2020 |publisher=ITV}}</ref> Babban jigogi na nune-nunen sun mayar da hankali kan "Masu ba da agaji da Jarumawa, Sabon Al'ada da Ayyukan Alheri. " <ref name="npg">{{Cite web |title=Hold Still |url=https://www.npg.org.uk/hold-still/ |website=National Portrait Gallery}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2020, an saki nune-nun kuma ya nuna hotunan 100 na karshe a kan layi. A watan Oktoba 2020, an nuna hotunan a shafukan jama'a 112, gami da allon talla, murals, da posters, a fadin garuruwa da birane 80.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Having seen the incredible response from people around the UK to the digital exhibition.. |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CGkuofRlD_o/ |url-access=limited |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/CGkuofRlD_o |archive-date=2021-12-24 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=Instagram}}</ref> Nunin kan layi ya tattara ra'ayoyin shafi sama da miliyan 5.2. A watan Maris na 2021, Catherine ta sanar da cewa baje kolin zai zama littafi mai daukar hoto mai taken Hold Still: A Portrait of Our Nation a shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Perry |first=Simon |date=27 March 2021 |title=Kate Middleton Uses 'Power of Photography to Create a Lasting Record' of COVID Lockdown for First Book |url=https://people.com/royals/kate-middleton-unveils-book-pandemic-photo-project-hold-still/ |access-date=27 March 2021 |website=People}}</ref> An buga littafin ne a ranar 7 ga Mayu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Malley |first=Katie |date=6 May 2021 |title=Listen To Kate Middleton Talk About Princess Dresses To Five-Year-Old Mila From Hold Still |url=https://www.elle.com/uk/life-and-culture/culture/a36351217/kate-middleton-phone-call-princess-dresses-hold-still/ |access-date=22 May 2021 |website=Elle}}</ref> Don tunawa da sakin, an ɓoye kofe 150 na littafin a duk faɗin ƙasar.<ref name="es">{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Tony |date=7 May 2021 |title=Kate praises the 'power' of lockdown photography |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/kate-duchess-cambridge-national-portrait-gallery-london-b933868.html |access-date=15 May 2021 |website=Evening Standard}}</ref> An sanar da kudaden da aka samu daga tallace-tallace don a raba su tsakanin National Portrait Gallery da kuma taimakon lafiyar kwakwalwa Mind.<ref name="npg2">{{Cite web |title=Hold Still: A Portrait of our Nation in 2020 |url=https://npgshop.org.uk/products/hold-still-hardcover |access-date=15 May 2021 |website=National Portrait Gallery}}</ref> An kuma saki rikodin sauti na kiran waya tare da Duchess da Hold Still masu daukar hoto suna tattauna asalin hotunan.<ref name="etcanada.com">{{Cite web |last=Atad |first=Corey |date=17 May 2021 |title=Kate Middleton Shares Phone Calls With Brits Featured In 'Hold Still' Photo Book |url=https://etcanada.com/news/777280/kate-middleton-shares-phone-calls-with-brits-featured-in-hold-still-photo-book/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506193020/https://etcanada.com/news/777280/kate-middleton-shares-phone-calls-with-brits-featured-in-hold-still-photo-book/ |archive-date=6 May 2021 |access-date=22 May 2021 |website=ET Canada}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Rubutun gabatarwa, wanda Catherine ta rubuta, ya bayyana niyyar ƙirƙirar tarihin labaran "mutane" da kuma rubuta muhimman lokutan ga iyalai da al'ummomi yayin da muke rayuwa ta hanyar annobar. " <ref name="independent" /> Littafin ya ƙunshi hotuna 100 "mai ban sha'awa da na sirri" da aka ɗauka a duk lokacin annobar.<ref name="independent" /> Masu bayyana hotunan da aka nuna sun haɗa da ma'aikaciyar jinya a cikin kayan kariya na sirri da ke kula da marasa lafiya, Kyaftin Tom Moore yana kammala aikinsa na sadaka, mai zanga-zangar a zanga-zambe na Black Lives Matter na 2020, mai haƙuri da cutar kansa ta yara da ke nesa da mahaifinta, dalibi da ke karɓar sakamakon GCSE a keɓewa, da kuma tsofaffi ma'aurata da ke riƙe hannayensu a gadon asibiti.<ref name="es">{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Tony |date=7 May 2021 |title=Kate praises the 'power' of lockdown photography |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/kate-duchess-cambridge-national-portrait-gallery-london-b933868.html |access-date=15 May 2021 |website=Evening Standard}}</ref><ref name="independent">{{Cite web |last=Lester |first=Daisy |date=7 May 2021 |title=Kate Middleton's 'Hold Still' photobook launches today – here's how to buy it |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/books/kate-middleton-s-hold-still-project-launches-tomorrow-here-s-how-to-buy-the-photobook-b1843189.html |access-date=15 May 2021 |website=The Independent}}</ref><ref name="etcanada.com">{{Cite web |last=Atad |first=Corey |date=17 May 2021 |title=Kate Middleton Shares Phone Calls With Brits Featured In 'Hold Still' Photo Book |url=https://etcanada.com/news/777280/kate-middleton-shares-phone-calls-with-brits-featured-in-hold-still-photo-book/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506193020/https://etcanada.com/news/777280/kate-middleton-shares-phone-calls-with-brits-featured-in-hold-still-photo-book/ |archive-date=6 May 2021 |access-date=22 May 2021 |website=ET Canada}}</ref> == Karɓar baƙi == Bayan bugawa, an ruwaito Hold Still a matsayin mafi kyawun sayarwa.<ref name="usatoday">{{Cite web |last=Puente |first=Maria |title=Duchess Kate marks publication of her pandemic photo book with old-fashioned treasure hunt |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/celebrities/2021/05/07/duchess-kate-marks-pandemic-photo-book-hold-still-treasure-hunt/4988680001/ |access-date=15 May 2021 |website=USA Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cope |first=Rebecca |date=7 May 2021 |title=The Duchess of Cambridge launches treasure hunt for copies of her book 'Hold Still' |url=https://www.tatler.com/article/duchess-of-cambridge-hold-still-book |access-date=15 May 2021 |website=Tatler}}</ref> Littafin ya zana a cikin jerin sunayen [[Amazon (kamfani)|Amazon]] The Sunday Times da The Independent.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2021 |title=Kate Middleton Meets Photographers of Hold Still |url=https://metro.co.uk/2021/05/07/kate-middleton-meets-photographers-of-new-hold-still-book-14539387/ |access-date=22 May 2021 |website=Metro UK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 May 2021 |title=5 New Books To Read This Week |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/jhumpa-lahiri-fiction-delhi-one-sunday-times-b1846139.html |access-date=22 May 2021 |website=The Independent}}</ref> Hotuna 100 sun zama wani ɓangare na tarin dindindin na National Portrait Gallery, tare da hotunan murfin da aka rataye a Asibitin Royal London don tunawa da aikin NHS a lokacin annobar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Halberg |first=Morgan |date=7 May 2021 |title=Kate Middleton Started a Book Treasure Hunt in Honor of the 'Hold Still' Launch |url=https://observer.com/2021/05/kate-middleton-hold-still-book-photo-project-launch-special-copies-how-to-buy/ |access-date=22 May 2021 |website=Observer}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jobson |first=Robert |date=7 May 2021 |title=Kate Middleton admits she can't keep kids still for photos as she launches Hold Still |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/kate-middleton-book-duchess-of-cambridge-children-b933923.html |website=Evening Standard}}</ref> Hold Still ya lashe lambar yabo don rukunin "Mafi kyawun Amfani da Digital - Burtaniya" a 2021 Museums + Heritage Awards, wanda ke gane ƙwarewa a cikin abubuwan jan hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shortlist 2021 |url=https://awards.museumsandheritage.com/shortlist-2021/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512143034/https://awards.museumsandheritage.com/shortlist-2021/ |archive-date=12 May 2021 |access-date=1 July 2021 |website=Museums + Heritage Awards}}</ref> == Nuni == * ''Har yanzu Ci gaba da Nunin Al'umma'', National Portrait Gallery, 2020 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hold Still Community Exhibition |url=https://www.npg.org.uk/hold-still/hold-still-community-exhibition/ |access-date=22 May 2021 |website=National Portrait Gallery}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.npg.org.uk/hold-still/ Har yanzu, Gidan Hotuna na Kasa] {{Authority control}}{{Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge}}{{COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 50116x6imj0u2sry3lcl583uk3ekc85 0 159189 863495 2026-06-21T20:36:41Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1304415181|Elegy (Kernis)]]" 863495 wikitext text/x-wiki Elegy - for those we lost (wani lokacin an rubuta shi game '''''ga waɗanda muka rasa''''') waƙar kiɗa ce da mawaki na Amurka Aaron Jay Kernis ya rubuta a watan Mayu 2020. An rubuta wannan yanki ne a lokacin da cutar ta COVID-19 ta yi tsayi a Amurka jim kadan bayan mawallafin ya warke daga cutar da kansa kuma saboda haka an sadaukar da shi "ga ƙaunataccen wadanda ke fama da COVID-19, da iyalansu, cikin makoki. " Da farko an tsara shi ne don piano solo kuma mawallafin ne ya fara shi a YouTube a ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2020. <ref name="Score">{{Cite web |last=Kernis |first=Aaron Jay |author-link=Aaron Jay Kernis |year=2020 |title=Elegy (to those we lost) (for piano) |url=https://www.wisemusicclassical.com/work/61095/Elegy-to-those-we-lost-for-piano--Aaron-Jay-Kernis/ |access-date=August 12, 2023 |publisher=[[G. Schirmer Inc.]]}}</ref> Koyaya, Kernis daga baya ya shirya aikin don wasu ƙungiyoyi daban-daban, gami da garaya da ƙaho, ƙungiyar mawaƙa, da ƙungiyar mawaƙa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lewis |first=Zachary |date=June 4, 2021 |title=Cleveland Orchestra renews affection for Adella platform with 'Celestial Serenades' episode |url=https://www.cleveland.com/arts/2021/06/cleveland-orchestra-renews-affection-for-adella-platform-with-celestial-serenades-episode.html |access-date=August 12, 2023 |website=[[The Plain Dealer]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Stapleton |first=Maggie |date=August 7, 2021 |title=Sept 17: Yolanda Kondonassis and Michael Sachs Release World Premiere Recording of Aaron Jay Kernis' Elegy...for those we lost on Azica Records |url=https://www.musicalamerica.com/news/newsstory.cfm?storyid=48404&categoryid=5&archived=0 |access-date=August 12, 2023 |website=[[Musical America]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hathaway |first=Daniel |date=September 22, 2021 |title=CD Single: Sachs & Kondonassis in Kernis' Elegy…for those we lost (Azica) |url=https://clevelandclassical.com/cd-single-sachs-kondonassis-in-kernis-elegy-for-those-we-lost-azica/ |access-date=August 12, 2023 |website=Cleveland Classical}}</ref> An jefa wannan yanki a cikin motsi guda ɗaya kuma yana da kimanin minti shida.<ref name="Score" /> == Kayan aiki == === Kungiyar mawaƙa ta ɗakin === Tsarin ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Elegy yana kira ga piccolo, flauta guda biyu (2nd sau biyu piccolo), oboes guda biyu, clarinets guda biyu, bassoons guda biyu, ƙaho biyu, ƙahoni biyu, timpani, garaya (zaɓi), da igiyoyi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kernis |first=Aaron Jay |year=2020 |title=Elegy – for those we lost (for chamber orchestra) |url=https://www.wisemusicclassical.com/work/61536/Elegy---for-those-we-lost-for-chamber-orchestra--Aaron-Jay-Kernis/ |access-date=August 12, 2023 |publisher=[[G. Schirmer Inc.]]}}</ref> === Kayan kiɗa === Cikakken tsari na Elegy an jefa shi don piccolo, flautes guda biyu, oboes guda biyu, clarinets guda biyu, bassoons guda biyu, contrabassoon (zaɓi), ƙaho huɗu, ƙaho biyu, trombones guda biyu, bass trombone, tuba, timpani, masu ƙwanƙwasawa biyar, garaya, da igiyoyi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kernis |first=Aaron Jay |year=2020 |title=Elegy – for those we lost (for orchestra) |url=https://www.wisemusicclassical.com/work/61434/Elegy---for-those-we-lost-for-orchestra--Aaron-Jay-Kernis/ |access-date=August 12, 2023 |publisher=[[G. Schirmer Inc.]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Aaron Jay Kernis}}<templatestyles src="Module:Portal bar/styles.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 03qeglar2gtr4e3xyzyj0sk0t88z3ja 0 159190 863496 2026-06-21T20:40:47Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1278812411|Vulvar myiasis]]" 863496 wikitext text/x-wiki Myiasis ƙwayoyin cuta ne wanda ya haifar da tsutsotsi na nau'ikan tsuntsaye da yawa. Bincike da magani gabaɗaya suna da sauƙi. Wannan kamuwa, duk da haka, ba a gani da yawa a yankin vulvar. Cutar yankin vulvar tare da tsutsotsi da maggots ana kiranta vulvar myiasis. An bayyana lokuta kalilan a cikin wallafe-wallafen.<ref name="idog">{{Cite journal |last=Passos MR |last2=Carvalho AV |last3=Dutra AL |last4=Filho |first4=R.A. Goulart |last5=Barreto |first5=N.A. |last6=Salles |first6=R.S. |last7=Santos |first7=C.C.C. |last8=Tibúrcioo |first8=A.S. |last9=Monteiro |first9=A.C.S. |display-authors=3 |name-list-style=vanc |year=1998 |title=Vulvar myiasis |journal=Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=69–71 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1098-0997(1998)6:2<69::AID-IDOG8>3.0.CO;2-2 |pmc=1784782 |pmid=9702589}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Ƙarin karantawa == * Yazar S, Ozcan H, Dinçer S, Sahin I (2002). "Vulvar Myiasis" (PDF). 43 (4): 553-5. [Hotuna a shafi na 10] <nowiki>PMID 12205748</nowiki>. ya ce "BACKGROUND: Don bayar da rahoton wani lamari mai ban mamaki na vulvarasis myi wanda Wohlfahrtia magnifica ya haifar, gami da abubuwan lura na asibiti da microscopic. CASE: An sami rauni a cikin wata mace mai shekaru 31 da ta yi aure tare da tarihin zubar da tsutsotsi daga vulva, ciwo na vulvar da jin dadi an gano larvae a matsayin nau'in Wohlfartia magnifica. An wanke cututtukan da batticon a cikin lokaci na kwanaki biyar kuma an gano shi da sauƙi.{{Cite journal |vauthors=Yazar S, Ozcan H, Dinçer S, Sahin I |year=2002 |title=Vulvar Myiasis |url=http://m.eymj.org/Synapse/Data/PDFData/0069YMJ/ymj-43-553.pdf |journal=Yonsei Med. J. |volume=43 |issue=4 |pages=553–5 |doi=10.3349/ymj.2002.43.4.553 |pmid=12205748}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.diptera.info/articles.php?article_id=8 Diptera.info] pxadeqdpe4uysqurewmgpyb0aio38bg 0 159191 863499 2026-06-21T20:42:29Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1188051028|Porocephaliasis]]" 863499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition | name = Porocephaliasis | synonym = | image = | caption = | pronounce = | specialty = [[Infectious disease (medical speciality)|Infectious disease]] | symptoms = | onset = | duration = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc; color:inherit;" |Ciwon daji |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Medical specialty|Kyakkyawan]] | class="infobox-data" |[[Infectious disease (medical speciality)|Cututtukan cututtuka]] |} <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />Porocephaliasis wani yanayi ne da ke da alaƙa da nau'o'in da ke cikin jinsunan ''[[Porocephalus]]'' da ''Armillifer''. (Maganar "pentastomiasis" ta ƙunshi duk cututtukan Pentastomida, wanda ya haɗa da porocephaliasis da linguatulosis.) Porocephaliasis yana da alaƙa da hulɗa da macizai. (Wannan ya bambanta da linguatulosis, wanda ke da alaƙa da hulɗa da karnuka ko kyarketai.) An bayar da rahoton daga [[Afirka]], [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]] da [[Gabas ta Tsakiya]]. Ya faru da wuya a [[Turai]] da Arewacin Amurka inda aka samo shi a cikin baƙi da matafiya.<ref name="Tappe">{{Cite journal |last=Dennis Tappe & Dietrich W. Büttner |year=2009 |editor-last=Bethony |editor-first=Jeffrey M. |title=Diagnosis of Human Visceral Pentastomiasis |journal=[[PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases]] |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=1–7 |doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0000320 |pmc=2643528 |pmid=19238218 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == watsawa da gabatarwa == Ya zama ruwan dare a wasu sassan Afirka <sup class="mw-ref reference" mwja="">Armillifer armillatus<nowiki>''</nowiki> infestation)<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;journal<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;<nowiki>[[South African Medical Journal]]</nowiki><nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;volume<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;97<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;issue<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;10<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;pages<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;928–930<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;pmid<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;18027470<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;url<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;<nowiki>http://blues.sabinet.co.za/WebZ/Authorize?sessionid=0:autho=pubmed:password=pubmed2004&amp;amp;/AdvancedQuery?&amp;amp;format=F&amp;amp;next=images/ejour/m_samj/m_samj_v97_n10_a8.pdf&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}</nowiki>]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwZw\"><nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt7\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" id=\"CITEREFV._du_PlessisA._J._BirnieI._EloffH._Reuter2007\" data-ve-ignore=\"\">V. du Plessis; A. J. Birnie; I. Eloff; H. Reuter; S. Andronikou (2007). <a class=\"external text\" href=\"http://blues.sabinet.co.za/WebZ/Authorize?sessionid=0:autho=pubmed:password=pubmed2004&amp;amp;/AdvancedQuery?&amp;amp;format=F&amp;amp;next=images/ejour/m_samj/m_samj_v97_n10_a8.pdf\" id=\"mwaA\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Pentastomiasis (<i id=\"mwaQ\">Armillifer armillatus</i></nowiki> infestation)\"<nowiki></a></nowiki> <nowiki><span class=\"cs1-format\" id=\"mwag\">(PDF)</span></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwaw\"><a class=\"cx-link\" data-linkid=\"54\" href=\"./South_African_Medical_Journal\" id=\"mwbA\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"South African Medical Journal\">South African Medical Journal</a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki>. <nowiki><b id=\"mwbQ\">97</b></nowiki> (10): <nowiki><span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwbg\">928–</span></nowiki>930. <nowiki><a class=\"mw-redirect cx-link\" data-linkid=\"55\" href=\"./PMID_(identifier)\" id=\"mwbw\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\">PMID</a></nowiki><nowiki><span id=\"mwcA\" typeof=\"mw:Entity\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18027470\" id=\"mwcQ\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">18027470</a></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki><nowiki><span typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" data-mw=\"{&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Dead link&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Dead_link&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;May 2020&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;bot&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;InternetArchiveBot&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;fix-attempted&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;yes&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwcw\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><link about=\"#mwt9\" href=\"./Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_May_2020\" id=\"mwdA\" rel=\"mw:PageProp/Category\" data-ve-ignore=\"\"></nowiki><nowiki><link about=\"#mwt9\" href=\"./Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links\" id=\"mwdQ\" rel=\"mw:PageProp/Category\" data-ve-ignore=\"\"></nowiki><nowiki><sup about=\"#mwt9\" class=\"noprint Inline-Template\" id=\"mwdg\" data-ve-ignore=\"\"><span id=\"mwdw\" style=\"white-space: nowrap;\"><span id=\"mweA\" typeof=\"mw:Entity\">[</span></nowiki><nowiki><i id=\"mweQ\"><a class=\"cx-link\" data-linkid=\"56\" href=\"./Wikipedia:Link_rot\" id=\"mweg\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Wikipedia:Link rot\"><span id=\"mwew\" title=\"&amp;nbsp;Dead link tagged May 2020\">permanent dead link</span></nowiki><nowiki></a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki><nowiki><span id=\"mwfA\" typeof=\"mw:Entity\">]</span></nowiki><nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki></sup></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-2" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Porocephaliasis#cite_note-2 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> da Asiya <ref>{{Cite journal |last=M. H. Yao |last2=F. Wu |last3=L. F. Tang |year=2008 |title=Human pentastomiasis in China: case report and literature review |journal=[[Journal of Parasitology]] |volume=94 |issue=6 |pages=1295–1298 |doi=10.1645/GE-1597.1 |pmid=18576869 |s2cid=45387356}}</ref> inda cin naman maciji ya zama ruwan dare. A Afirka an kuma haɗa shi da kungiyoyin da ke amfani da maciji a matsayin totem.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=J. C. B. Dakubo |last2=S. B. Naaeder |last3=R. Kumodji |year=2008 |title=Totemism and the Transmission of Human Pentastomiasis |journal=[[Ghana Medical Journal]] |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=165–168 |pmc=2673832 |pmid=19452026}}</ref> Ba kamar linguatuliasis ba, mutane kawai suna da matsakaicin matsakaici ga Armillifer, watau tsutsotsi sun kafa kansu a cikin gabobin visceral da ke haifar da '''Pentastomiasis na mutum''', amma manya ba sa faruwa a cikin tsarin numfashi na mutum. Bayan ɗan lokaci tsutsotsi suna mutuwa a cikin mai masaukin kuma wani lokacin suna yin calcify, suna barin halayen siffar crescent da aka gani a cikin X-ray.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=E. M. Mapp |last2=M. D. Pollack |last3=L. H. Goldman |year=1976 |title=Roentgen diagnosis of Armillifer armillatus infestation (porocephalosis) in man |journal=[[Journal of the National Medical Association]] |volume=68 |issue=3 |pages=198–200 |pmc=2609651 |pmid=933188}}</ref> A cikin matsanancin yanayi nauyin kwayar cuta mai nauyi na iya haifar da mummunar sakamako na kiwon lafiya kuma yana iya zama mai kisa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=C.-M. Pan |last2=H.-F. Tang |last3=M.-H. Qui |last4=Q.-X. Xiong |year=2005 |title=Heavy infection with ''Armillifer moniliformis'': a case report |url=http://www.cmj.org/periodical/PaperList.asp?id=LW8032 |url-status=dead |journal=[[Chinese Medical Journal]] |volume=118 |issue=3 |pages=262–264 |pmid=15740662 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718121502/http://www.cmj.org/periodical/PaperList.asp?id=LW8032 |archive-date=2011-07-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=H. Yapo Ette |last2=L. Fanton |last3=K. D. Adou Bryn |last4=K. Botti |last5=K. Koffi |last6=D. Malicier |year=2003 |title=Human pentastomiasis discovered post-mortem |journal=[[Forensic Science International]] |volume=137 |issue=1 |pages=52–54 |doi=10.1016/S0379-0738(03)00281-0 |pmid=14550614}}</ref> == Binciken ganewa == Ana gano shi ne ta hanyar histopathology.<ref name="Tappe">{{Cite journal |last=Dennis Tappe & Dietrich W. Büttner |year=2009 |editor-last=Bethony |editor-first=Jeffrey M. |title=Diagnosis of Human Visceral Pentastomiasis |journal=[[PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases]] |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=1–7 |doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0000320 |pmc=2643528 |pmid=19238218 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Magani da rigakafi == Babu magani da ake buƙata a cikin marasa lafiya marasa bayyanar cututtuka, amma babu maganin maganin maganin rigakafi ko maganin likita don pentastomiasis. Ana iya buƙatar tiyata don kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar kwayar cuta da yawa.<ref name="Tappe" /> Ana iya hana kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar wanke hannayensu bayan sun taɓa ɓoyayyun maciji ko nama da dafa naman maciji sosai kafin amfani.<ref name="Tappe" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jtltm1v0cubbwxj59twwkdcp62qy3dq 0 159192 863501 2026-06-21T20:53:47Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329413337|Stephanofilaria stilesi]]" 863501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|genus=Stephanofilaria|species=stilesi|authority=Chitwood, 1934}} Stephanofilaria stilesi wani nau'in tsutsotsi ne na filarial tsutsa. Kwayar dabbobi ce.[1][2]. Yana haifar da cutar stephanofilariasis.[1][3] == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] g72euce536j1k669k10z5c0txkhnov5 0 159193 863502 2026-06-21T20:54:38Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1314812699|Wimberger's sign]]" 863502 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alamar Wimberger''', wanda kuma ake kira '''Alamar kusurwa ta Wimberger''', tana nufin lalacewar metaphyseal ta biyu na tsakiya. Alamar pathognomonic ce ga syphilis na haihuwa. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Ƙarin karantawa == * Wimberger H. Klinisch-radiologische Diagnostik v. Rachitis, Scorbut u. Lues im Kindesalter. Bayani game da bayanan. d. ciki. Med. u. Kinderheilkunde. 1925;28:264. * Caffey J. Pediatric X-ray diagnosis, littafi ne ga dalibai da masu aiki na ilimin yara, tiyata da radiology. Chicago, The Year Book Publishers, Inc., 1945. {{Medicine}} 6kgxbbtkaii2t8ngltyduh06vadl1ej 0 159194 863503 2026-06-21T20:55:43Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1269948586|Genitourinary amoebiasis]]" 863503 wikitext text/x-wiki Genitourinary [[amoebiasis]] ko renal amoebiosis wani rikitarwa ne mai rikitarwa ga amoebic hanta abscess, wanda shi ma rikitarwa ce ta amoebiases. An yi imanin cewa ya haifar da fashewar hanta, inda amoebas ya bazu ta cikin jini zuwa sabon wurin. Ana zaton shiga cikin al'aura ya haifar da samar da fistula daga hanta ko ta hanyar rectocolitis. Haɗin yana haifar da rauni wanda ke fitar da babban matsayi na pus. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} 7cncjd9ixy203tl9awjut1y7zisuouc 0 159195 863504 2026-06-21T20:57:09Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354381202|Global Viral]]" 863504 wikitext text/x-wiki Global Viral (GV), wanda aka fi sani da Global Viral Forecasting Institute (GVFI), [1] kungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta 501 (c) (3) wacce ke San Francisco, California. Nathan Wolfe [2] ne ya kafa shi a cikin 2007 don nazarin cututtuka masu yaduwa, yada su tsakanin dabbobi da mutane, da haɗarin da ke tattare da yaduwar su a duniya.[3] Manufar asali ta ƙungiyar ita ce haɓaka tsarin faɗakarwa da wuri don cututtuka [4] [5] kuma a lokaci guda Global Viral ta haɗu da ma'aikatan masana kimiyya sama da 100 a China, Kamaru, Equatorial Guinea, DR Congo, Jamhuriyar Kongo, Laos, Gabon, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Malaysia, Madagascar da Sao Tome. [ana yanayi hujja] [citation need] Koyaya, tun daga shekarar 2019 kungiyar ta "canja" waɗannan fannoni na bincike zuwa Metabiota, kamfanin 'yar'uwa na GV wanda ke mai da hankali kan nazarin haɗarin annoba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 December 2019 |title=Legacy Programs |url=https://www.globalviral.org/all-global-programs |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106062458/https://www.globalviral.org/all-global-programs |archive-date=6 November 2019 |access-date=15 December 2019}}</ref> == Tarihi == Cibiyar Kula da Bayanan Kwayar cuta ta Duniya ta kafa ta Nathan Wolfe a cikin 2007, tana karɓar kudaden iri a cikin 2008 daga [[Google]] da Gidauniyar Skoll. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=About Global Viral |url=http://globalviral.org/about.php |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013210754/http://globalviral.org/about.php |archive-date=2012-10-13 |access-date=2023-07-24 |website=Global Viral}}</ref> == Kudin == Global Viral ya sami tallafi daga Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Sojoji (AFHSC), Cibiyar Kulawa ta Duniya ta Fogarty, Google, Gidauniyar Henry M. Jackson don Ci gaban Magungunan Soja (HJF), Ƙungiyar Yanayi ta Kasa, Cibiyar Nazarin Lafiya ta Kasa (NIH), Cibiyar Nazari ta Naval (NHRC), Gidauni ta Skoll, Hukumar Kula da Ci gaban Duniya ta Amurka (USAID), Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Amurka, Wellcome Trust da W. Smith Charitable Trust.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sponsors |url=http://globalviral.org/sponsors.php |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014152811/http://globalviral.org/sponsors.php |archive-date=2012-10-14 |access-date=2023-07-24 |website=Global Viral}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Partners |url=http://www.gvfi.org/partners.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110204054522/http://www.gvfi.org/partners.html |archive-date=2011-02-04 |access-date=2023-07-24 |website=Global Viral Forecasting Institute}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Partners |url=http://www.gvfi.org/partners.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920131935/http://www.gvfi.org/partners.html |archive-date=2008-09-20 |access-date=2023-07-24 |website=Global Viral Forecasting Institute}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ks9pe8l9n1xqimoqcq70a7l4etpbjhz 0 159196 863505 2026-06-21T20:58:01Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345400563|David Francis Clyde]]" 863505 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:David_F._Clyde._Photograph._Wellcome_V0027933.jpg|right|thumb|Hoton. Kyauta: Laburaren Wellcome]] '''David Francis Clyde''' (13 ga watan Janairun 1925 - 12 ga watan Nuwamba 2002) masanin ilimin zazzabin cizon sauro ne na Burtaniya, likitan wurare masu zafi, kuma farfesa a makarantar likita, wanda aka sani da bincikensa kan allurar rigakafin zazzabin sauro da chemotherapy.<ref name="BWHO">{{Cite journal |last=Molyneux, Louis |last2=Trigg, Peter |last3=Kondrachine, Anatoli |year=2003 |title=Obituary. David F. Clyde 1925–2002 |url=https://www.who.int/bulletin/Obituary0203.pdf |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |volume=81 |issue=2 |page=149 |postscript=; compiled from information contributed by Clive Shiff}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Clyde, David F. |last2=Most, Harry |last3=McCarthy, Vincent C. |last4=Vanderberg, Jerome P. |year=1973 |title=Immunization of man against sporozoite-induced falciparum malaria |journal=American Journal of the Medical Sciences |volume=266 |issue=3 |pages=169–177 |doi=10.1097/00000441-197309000-00002 |pmid=4583408 |s2cid=45223705}}</ref><ref name="Lancet">{{Cite journal |last=Oransky, Ivan |date=1 February 2003 |title=Obituary. David Francis Clyde |url=https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(03)12426-9.pdf |journal=The Lancet |volume=361 |issue=9355 |page=439 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12426-9 |s2cid=54371894}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Johnstone, Michael |date=17 September 1987 |title=Malaria: prospects for an effective vaccine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0uLgn2nma4EC&pg=PA69 |journal=New Scientist |pages=69–73}}</ref> An haife shi a Meerut, Indiya, a matsayin ɗan mahaifin da ya kasance likita tare da Ayyukan Kiwon Lafiya na Indiya, David F. Clyde ya yi karatu tun yana da shekaru 7 a makarantar kwana a Ingila. A shekara ta 1940 an tura shi ya zauna tare da dangi a Kansas City, Kansas, inda ya halarci makarantar sakandare. A shekara ta 1946 ya sami digiri na farko daga Jami'ar Kansas . <ref name="Lancet">{{Cite journal |last=Oransky, Ivan |date=1 February 2003 |title=Obituary. David Francis Clyde |url=https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(03)12426-9.pdf |journal=The Lancet |volume=361 |issue=9355 |page=439 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12426-9 |s2cid=54371894}}</ref> Ya sami digiri na likita a 1948 daga Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar McGill a Montreal. Bayan aikin likita a Babban Asibitin Vancouver a 1949, ya auri Kathleen Templeton . Daga nan ya shiga a 1949 na British Colonial Medical Service kuma ya yi aiki a Tanganyika a tsakiyar shekarun 1950 a matsayin likitan asibiti, masanin cutar zazzabin cizon sauro, babban masanin cututtukan cututtuka, sannan, a farkon shekarun 1960, mataimakin likitan tiyata a sabuwar [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] mai zaman kanta.<ref name="BWHO">{{Cite journal |last=Molyneux, Louis |last2=Trigg, Peter |last3=Kondrachine, Anatoli |year=2003 |title=Obituary. David F. Clyde 1925–2002 |url=https://www.who.int/bulletin/Obituary0203.pdf |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |volume=81 |issue=2 |page=149 |postscript=; compiled from information contributed by Clive Shiff}}</ref> A shekara ta 1963 ya sami digirin digirin digirgir, a karkashin kulawar Cyril Garnham, a fannin ilmin kwayar cuta daga Jami'ar London don bincike kan zazzabin cizon sauro.<ref>{{Cite journal |year=2003 |title=Obituary. David Francis Clyde M.D., Ph.D., D.T.M.&H. (1925–2002) |journal=Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology |volume=97 |issue=1 |pages=93–95 |doi=10.1179/000349803125002562 |s2cid=218645031}}</ref> A cikin 1966 Clyde ya bar Tanzania don yin bincike a Jami'ar Maryland School of Medicine kan rigakafin zazzabin cizon sauro da warkewa. Ya yi aiki a can har zuwa 1975.<ref name="BWHO" /> Daga 1975 zuwa 1979 ya kasance farfesa kuma shugaban sashen kiwon lafiya na wurare masu zafi da cututtukan kiwon lafiya a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Jihar Louisiana a New Orleans . <ref name="Lancet" /> Daga 1979 zuwa 1985, Clyde ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] ta Kudu maso gabashin Asiya da ke [[Delhi|Delhi, Indiya]]. A shekara ta 1985 ya zama darektan Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Johns Hopkins kuma ya yi aiki, har zuwa 1992, a matsayin shugaban nazarin zazzabin cizon sauro a Cibiyar Ci gaban Magunguna da Lafiyar Duniya (CVD). <ref name="BWHO" /> Ya rike mukamai biyu har zuwa 2002 lokacin da ya sha wahala daga ciwon daji.<ref name="Lancet" /> An ba Clyde lambar yabo ta Darling a shekarar 1986 daga Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, a shekarar 1988 lambar yabo ta Le Prince daga American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, kuma a shekarar 1989 lambar yabo ta Manson daga Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene . <ref name="Lancet" /> A shekara ta 2002 an sanya wa Cibiyar Nazarin David Clyde ta CVD suna don girmama shi.<ref name="BWHO" /> Ya mutu a shekara ta 2002 a Baltimore. Bayan mutuwarsa gwauruwarsa, 'ya'ya mata biyu, da jikarsa daya sun mutu.<ref name="BWHO">{{Cite journal |last=Molyneux, Louis |last2=Trigg, Peter |last3=Kondrachine, Anatoli |year=2003 |title=Obituary. David F. Clyde 1925–2002 |url=https://www.who.int/bulletin/Obituary0203.pdf |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |volume=81 |issue=2 |page=149 |postscript=; compiled from information contributed by Clive Shiff}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2002]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cc0r23a15fwbefy6ni4p8oxlgaz1jxb 0 159197 863507 2026-06-21T21:02:46Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336563760|Sydney Cohen]]" 863507 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sydney Cohen''' CBE FRS (18 ga Satumba 1921 - 25 ga Yulin 2017) ya kasance [[Farfesa]] a fannin ilimin sunadarai, Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Asibitin Guy, kuma mai iko kan [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]]. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Sydney Cohen a ranar 18 ga Satumba 1921 a [[Johannesburg]] ga Pauline (née Soloveychik) da Morris Cohen, baƙi Yahudawa daga Lithuania.<ref name="Guardian">{{Cite web |date=2017-07-25 |title=Sydney Cohen obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/25/sydney-cohen-obituary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109043025/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/25/sydney-cohen-obituary |archive-date=2020-11-09 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/25/sydney-cohen-obituary "Sydney Cohen obituary"]. ''[[The Guardian]]''. 25 July 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201109043025/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/25/sydney-cohen-obituary Archived] from the original on 9 November 2020.</cite></ref> Ya yi karatu a Makarantar King Edward VII, Johannesburg, da kuma [[Jami'ar Witwatersrand]], ya kammala karatun MB BCh a 1944. A shekara ta 1945 ya tashi zuwa Burtaniya kuma ya yi aiki a Asibitin Royal Berkshire, yana kula da wadanda suka ji rauni a yakin. Ya yi tafiya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu na shekaru goma masu zuwa, inda ya sami MD a Wits a shekara ta 1954. A wannan shekarar ya bar Afirka ta Kudu don shiga Cibiyar Nazarin Kiwon Lafiya ta Kasa, Mill Hill, inda "a cikin shekaru shida masu amfani sosai ya gudanar da karatun asali kan metabolism na sunadarai na plasma a cikin zomo, baboons da mutane. " <ref>{{Cite web |title=Honorary Graduate: Sydney Cohen |url=https://www.wits.ac.za/media/wits-university/alumni/documents/honorary-degree-citations/sydney%20cohen%20citation.pdf |access-date=27 July 2020 |website=University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg}}</ref> Cohen ya sami PhD daga Jami'ar London, a shekarar 1959. Ya koma makarantar likitan asibitin St Mary a shekarar 1960, inda ya kasance mai karatu a Sashen Immunology. Daga 1965 har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya a 1986, ya kasance Farfesa na Chemical Pathology a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Guy. Tarihin Royal Society na Farfesa Cohen <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sydney Cohen: Biography |url=https://royalsociety.org/people/sydney-cohen-11247 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151124094844/https://royalsociety.org/people/sydney-cohen-11247 |archive-date=2015-11-24 |access-date=28 July 2020 |website=The Royal Society}}</ref> ya lura cewa:<blockquote>Wataƙila mafi mahimmancin shine aikinsa tare da zazzabin cizon sauro. Sydney (tare da Ian McGregor) ya nuna a karo na farko, cewa za'a iya canja wurin rigakafi tare da rigakafin IgG.<ref>''See for example'' {{Cite journal |last=Cohen |first=S |last2=McGregor |first2=I A |last3=Carrington |first3=S |date=November 1961 |title=Gamma-globulin and acquired immunity to human malaria |journal=Nature |volume=192 |issue=4804 |pages=733–737 |bibcode=1961Natur.192..733C |doi=10.1038/192733a0 |pmid=13880318 |s2cid=4218316 |doi-access=free}}</ref> An tsara gwajin in vitro don nazarin tsarin rigakafin zazzabin cizon sauro kuma an nuna bambancin takamaiman maganin rigakafi. Wannan ya samar da hanyar ware antigens na ma'aunin cizon sauro da merozoites kyauta da kuma nazarin tushen takamaiman mai karɓar bakuncin. Hanyar da ta dace ta haifar da tantance magungunan rigakafin zazzabin cizon sauro.</blockquote> === Sauran matsayi da aka rike === Ya kasance memba na Majalisar Binciken Kiwon Lafiya (MRC) kuma shugaban Hukumar Binciken Magungunan Tropical, 1974-76. Ya taimaka wajen kafa Royal College of Pathologists a shekarar 1964. An zabe shi dan kungiyar Royal Society kuma an nada shi [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] a shekarar 1978. === Iyali === A shekara ta 1950 ya auri Yuni Bernice Adler, majistare wanda ya sadu da shi a wani biki na wasan tennis a gidan kakanta a Johannesburg. Yuni ya mutu a Landan a 1999, yana da shekaru 69. A wannan shekarar ya auri Deirdre Maureen Ann Boyd, wanda ya taimaka masa a Guy's, kuma daga baya suka koma St Andrews, a gabashin Scotland, inda ya kasance memba na Royal da Ancient golf club; sun zauna minti hudu na tafiya. Ya mutu a watan Yulin 2017 yana da shekaru 95. <ref name="Guardian">{{Cite web |date=2017-07-25 |title=Sydney Cohen obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/25/sydney-cohen-obituary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109043025/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/25/sydney-cohen-obituary |archive-date=2020-11-09 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Ɗansa, Roger Cohen, an haife shi a Landan a shekara ta 1955, marubuci ne na The New York Times da International Herald Tribune . == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2017]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1921]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] sdce5bvkgjh3qs7nt1uo4i3wu5qfs3m 0 159198 863508 2026-06-21T21:04:05Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1073303911|William Erle Collins]]" 863508 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Erle "Bill" Collins''' (9 ga Yulin 1929 - 28 ga Satumba 2013) masanin ilimin kwayar cuta ne na Amurka. Collins ya girma a Lansing, Michigan, inda ya kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare. Ya sami B.S. da M.Sc. a cikin ilimin ƙwayoyin cuta daga Jami'ar Jihar Michigan sannan ya kammala Ph.D. a 1954 a Jami'ar Rutgers cikin shekaru biyu.<ref name="Glaser">{{Cite journal |last=Collins |first=W. E. |date=October 2009 |title=Interview with the Expert: William E. Collins, Ph.D. (interview by Vicki Glaser) |journal=Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases |volume=9 |issue=5 |pages=569–72 |doi=10.1089/vbz.2009.1500.int |pmid=19835479}}</ref> Bayan an rubuta shi a cikin Sojojin Amurka, ya yi aikin soja a dakunan gwaje-gwaje na Sojojin Biological Warfare na Amurka a Fort Detrick . Yayinda yake aiki a can, ya auri Janet Johnson a watan Yulin 1956.<ref name="ASTMH" /> Bayan ya bar Sojoji ya yi aiki a Jami'ar Rutgers a matsayin masanin ilimin ƙwayoyin cuta.<ref name="Glaser" /> A shekara ta 1959 Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Jama'a ta Amurka ta yi masa aiki a Cibiyar Nazarin Ruwa da Cututtukan Cututtuka (NIAID) a Columbia, South Carolina . <ref name="ASTMH">{{Cite web |date=October 2013 |title=In Memoriam: William E. "Bill" Collins, PhD |url=https://www.astmh.org/blog/october-2013/in-memoriam-william-e-bill"-collins,-phd |website=Inside ASTMH (American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene) |postscript=; with information contributed by John Barnwell, Beatie Divine, Laurence Slutsker, Rick Steketee, and Pete Zimmerman}}</ref> {{Blockquote|In 1963, the Public Health Service laboratory moved to Atlanta and Dr. Collins' group began working with non-human primates following the discovery that monkey malarias were transmissible to humans. Parasites from monkeys or apes isolated in Asia, South America, and Africa were sent to the laboratory in [[Chamblee, Georgia]], where they were adapted and transmitted to laboratory-maintained primates and their life cycles described and characterized. Transmissions to human volunteers were also attempted.<ref name=Glaser/>}} A cikin 1973 an canja aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje wanda Collins ke jagoranta zuwa kulawar aiki na Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka (CDC) kuma jaddadawar bincike ta canza daga kwayar cutar zazzabin cizon sauro a cikin birai zuwa kwayar cutar ma'a a cikin birafi.<ref name="Glaser" /> {{Blockquote|Collins did research with many species of malaria parasites, particularly ''[[Plasmodium falciparum]]'', ''[[Plasmodium vivax|P. vivax]]'', and ''[[List of Plasmodium species infecting primates|P. simium]]''. ... The scientific community recognized Collins' intensive work in this field naming a subspecies for him, ''Plasmodium vivax collinsi''. He also has a new species of a great ape malaria parasite named after him, ''[[Plasmodium billcollinsi]]''.<ref name=ASTMH/>}} Collins ya kamu da cutar sau biyu da ''Plasmodium'' a lokacin da yake aiki a dakin gwaje-gwaje. Shi ne marubucin ko marubucin fiye da wallafe-wallafen kimiyya 450.<ref name="ASTMH">{{Cite web |date=October 2013 |title=In Memoriam: William E. "Bill" Collins, PhD |url=https://www.astmh.org/blog/october-2013/in-memoriam-william-e-bill"-collins,-phd |website=Inside ASTMH (American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene) |postscript=; with information contributed by John Barnwell, Beatie Divine, Laurence Slutsker, Rick Steketee, and Pete Zimmerman}}</ref> Bayan mutuwarsa gwauruwarsa, 'ya'ya biyu, da jikoki biyu sun mutu. == Kyaututtuka == * 1985 - Joseph Augustin LePrince Medal daga American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) <ref name="ASTMH">{{Cite web |date=October 2013 |title=In Memoriam: William E. "Bill" Collins, PhD |url=https://www.astmh.org/blog/october-2013/in-memoriam-william-e-bill"-collins,-phd |website=Inside ASTMH (American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene) |postscript=; with information contributed by John Barnwell, Beatie Divine, Laurence Slutsker, Rick Steketee, and Pete Zimmerman}}</ref> * 2001 - William C. Watson, Jr. Medal of Excellence daga CDC <ref name="ASTMH" /> * 2001 - Harry Hoogstraal Medal daga ASTMH, don sanin sabis na rayuwa ga ilimin likitanci <ref name="ASTMH" /> * 2012 - Medal din Henrique Aragão a taron kasa da kasa na 18 na Magungunan Tropical da Malaria <ref name="ASTMH" /> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2013]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1929]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] fv421zn54irtxnrlmn47rp1emoww2k7 0 159199 863509 2026-06-21T21:05:17Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1314171555|Douglas Somerville Bertram]]" 863509 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Douglas Somerville Bertram''' (21 Disamba 1913 - 24 Oktoba 1988) ya kasance farfesa a fannin ilimin likitanci a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya da Magunguna ta London . Ya ƙware a cikin nazarin arthropod vectors da cututtukan ɗan adam, musamman zazzabin cizon sauro. An haifi Bertram a Glasgow inda ya tafi Jami'ar Glasgow inda ya sami digiri kafin ya zama mai zanga-zanga a fannin ilimin dabbobi yana aiki har zuwa 1938 tare da Farfesa Edward Hindle . A shekara ta 1938 ya zama mataimakin R. M. Gordon kuma ya ba da lacca a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Tropical ta Liverpool . Ya sami Ph.D. a shekara ta 1940 kuma ya shiga cikin yakin duniya na biyu, yana aiki tare da Royal Army Medical Corps, kuma Jamusawa sun kama shi a tsibirin Crete kuma an sake shi ne kawai a ƙarshen yaƙin. Ya yi aiki a kan rat filariasis daga shekara ta 1946. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bertram |first=D.S |date=1953 |title=Laboratory studies on filariasis in the cotton-rat |url= |journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |language=en |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=85–116 |doi=10.1016/0035-9203(53)90063-7 |pmid=13077705}}</ref> A shekara ta 1948 ya zama mai karatu a Makarantar Lafiya da Magungunan Tropical ta London . Ya gudanar da bincike kan sauro, yaduwar zazzabin cizon sauro, da ƙwayoyin cuta. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bertram |first=D.S |last2=McGregor |first2=I.A |last3=McFadzean |first3=J.A |date=1958 |title=Mosquitoes of the colony and protectorate of the Gambia |url=https://academic.oup.com/trstmh/article-lookup/doi/10.1016/0035-9203(58)90035-X |journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |language=en |volume=52 |issue=2 |pages=135–151 |doi=10.1016/0035-9203(58)90035-X |pmid=13543903 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bertram |first=D.S. |last2=Bird |first2=R.G. |date=1961 |title=Studies on mosquito-borne viruses in their vectors |url=https://academic.oup.com/trstmh/article-lookup/doi/10.1016/0035-9203(61)90085-2 |journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |language=en |volume=55 |issue=5 |pages=404–423 |doi=10.1016/0035-9203(61)90085-2 |pmid=13868491 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Ya kasance mai ba da shawara ga Sojojin Burtaniya kuma ya taimaka wajen bunkasa hanyoyin kariya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bertram, D. S. |last2=R. C. Page |last3=A. J. Moss-Blundell |year=1967 |title=Laboratory tests of uniform fabric impregnated with mite repellents. |journal=BMJ Military Health |volume=113 |issue=3 |pages=126–133}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bertram |first=D.S. |date=1964 |title=I. Entomological and parasitological aspects of vector chemosterilization |journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |language=en |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=296–317 |doi=10.1016/0035-9203(64)90197-X |doi-access=free}}</ref> Hanyar da ya yi na tantance shekarun sauro (mace) ta hanyar ƙididdigar adadin corpora lutea a cikin ovarioles ya kasance mai tasiri a binciken zazzabin cizon sauro.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bertram |first=D. S. |last2=Samarawickrema |first2=W. A. |date=1958 |title=Age Determination for Individual Mansonioides Mosquitoes |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/182444a0 |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=182 |issue=4633 |pages=444–446 |bibcode=1958Natur.182..444B |doi=10.1038/182444a0 |issn=0028-0836 |pmid=13577872 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Ya kuma bincika kwari na triatomine.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bertram |first=D. S. |date=1971 |title=Attraction of Triatomine Bug Vectors of Chagas's Disease to Betalights |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=231 |issue=5300 |pages=268 |bibcode=1971Natur.231..268B |doi=10.1038/231268a0 |issn=0028-0836 |pmid=4995966 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A shekara ta 1964 ya sami DSc daga Glasgow. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Busvine, J.R. |year=1989 |title=Obituary. Douglas Somerville Bertram. |journal=Antenna |volume=13 |pages=8–9}}</ref> An sanya masa suna ne bayan wani kwayar cutar microsporidian na larvae na chironomid, ''Thelohania bertrami''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gassouma |first=M. S. S. |date=1972 |title=Microsporidan parasites of Simulium ornatum Mg. in South England |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/parasitology/article/abs/microsporidan-parasites-of-simulium-ornatum-mg-in-south-england/DF1541DC6B89BB6F2EF257FFB18C1F2D |journal=Parasitology |language=en |volume=65 |issue=1 |pages=27–45 |doi=10.1017/S0031182000044218 |issn=1469-8161 |pmid=4626454 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/41724/WHO_MONO_47_(part1).pdf WHO Monograph Series No. 47 - Hanyoyin rukuni na shekaru a cikin Diptera na muhimmancin kiwon lafiya tare da ambaton musamman ga wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da Malaria] (1962) {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1913]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] korny8w3bkizvm48m2kbzrxszhhv1hv 0 159200 863510 2026-06-21T21:06:44Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342389894|Silvia Blair]]" 863510 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Silvia Blair Trujillo''' masanin kimiyya ce ta Colombian, wacce aka sani da bincikenta kan magungunan rigakafin zazzabin cizon sauro da aka samu a cikin tsire-tsire na gargajiya daga ƙasarsu. A lokacin aikinta na bincike, Blair ta sami kyaututtuka da yabo daban-daban, kamar Héctor Abad Gómez Medal to mérits in Public Health a shekarar 1992, ambaton girmamawa a fannin Basic Experimental Sciences a shekarar 2000, Francisco José de Caldas Medal for University Excellence a shekarar 2008, kuma an nada shi Farfesa mai daraja na Jami'ar Antioquia a shekarar 2017. == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:Plasmodium.jpg|thumb|Binciken Blair ya mayar da hankali kan [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]] a Colombia.]] Silvia Blair ta yi karatun likitanci a Jami'ar Antioquia, ta kammala a shekara ta 1974. A shekara ta 2002, ta shiga Jami'ar Kasa ta Colombia a [[Medellín]], inda ta sami digiri na biyu a tarihin kimiyya da falsafar. <ref name="bio2" /> Ayyukanta galibi suna da alaƙa da Universidad de Antioquia, inda ta kasance malama da mai bincike tun daga shekarun 1970. Yankunan bincikenta sun mayar da hankali kan zazzabin cizon sauro da kuma maganin ta tare da tsire-tsire na gargajiya na Colombia. A cikin 1990 ta kafa Malaria Group a jami'ar, wanda shine na farko da ya bayar da rahoto game da shari'o'in Plasmodium ovale (nau'in da ba a saba gani ba a Colombia) da ''Babesiosis na mutum'' (ciwon da aka watsa ta hanyar ticks). Tare da ƙungiyar bincikenta, Silvia Blair ta yi tafiya zuwa yankuna daban-daban na Colombia kamar Pacific Coast, Urabá Antioqueño da Bajo Cauca, don tattara bayanai game da tsire-tsire da mazauna yankin ke amfani da su don magance zazzabin cizon sauro. Sun bayar da rahoton nau'o'in kamar su ''[[Solanum nudum]]'' da ''[[Austroeupatorium inulifolium]]'' a matsayin ingantaccen magani ga wannan cuta.<ref name="bio2" /> == Kyaututtuka da yabo == * 1992 - "Héctor Abad Gómez" Medal for Merits in Public Health, by the Government of Antioquia . * 1993 - Bambanci ga aikin malami, ta Jami'ar Antioquia . <ref name="bio2" /> * 1998 - Mention mai daraja don sana'a, kimiyya da aikin bincike, Asociación Médica Sindical de Colombia . <ref name="bio2" /> * 2000 - Mention mai daraja a fannin Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Gwaji, ta [[National Academy of Medicine (Colombia)|Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Kasa (Colombia)]] . <ref name="bio2" /> * 2000 - Bayyanawa na Sanarwa don Bincike, ta [[:es:Escuela de Microbiología (UdeA)|Makarantar Microbiology]] ta Jami'ar Antioquia . <ref name="bio2" /> * 2007 - Magana mai daraja a cikin Gaskiya, Kimiyya ta Jiki da Kimiyya ta Halitta, ta [[:es:Alejandro Ángel Escobar|Gidauniyar Alejandro Ángel Escobar]] . <ref name="bio2" /> * 2008 - "Francisco José de Caldas" Medal for University Excellence, by the University of Antioquia . <ref name="bio2" /> * 2009 - Medal Merit na Mata don gudummawa ga kimiyya, ta Alcaldía de [[Medellín]] (Town Hall). <ref name="bio2" /> * 2013 - Bambanci ga rayuwar sadaukarwa ga bincike, ta Alcaldía de Medellín (Town Hall). <ref name="bio2" /> * 2016 - Mai bincike Emeritus na Colciencias (Sashen Gudanarwa na Kimiyya, Fasaha da Innovation) <ref>{{Cite web |last=MinCiencias |date= |title=Resolución Colciencias 1185 de 2016 - Investigadores Eméritos |url=https://minciencias.gov.co/sites/default/files/investigadoresemeritos-resolucion-1185.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831215225/https://minciencias.gov.co/sites/default/files/investigadoresemeritos-resolucion-1185.pdf |archive-date=31 August 2020 |access-date=28 August 2020 |website=}}</ref> * 2017 - Farfesa Emeritus, Jami'ar Antakiya . <ref name="bio2" /> == Littattafan da aka zaɓa == === Labaran jarida === Tushen:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Silvia Blair Trujillo {{!}} Mendeley |url=https://www.mendeley.com/authors/7203060158/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831215226/https://www.mendeley.com/authors/7203060158/ |archive-date=2020-08-31 |access-date=2020-08-28 |website=www.mendeley.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Google Scholar |url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Silvia+Blair+Trujillo%22 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831215249/https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Silvia+Blair+Trujillo%22 |archive-date=2020-08-31 |access-date=2020-08-28 |website=scholar.google.com}}</ref> * Quintero J., Siqueira A., Tobón A., '''Blair S.''', Moreno A., Arévalo-Herrera M., Lacerda M., Valencia S. Anaemia mai alaƙa da Malaria: hangen nesa na Latin Amurka. 2011. Bayanan Cibiyar Oswaldo Cruz; 106 (1): 91-104. [[doi:10.1590/S0074-02762011000900012]] * [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga yaren Girka. Tsayayya da ''Plasmodium falciparum'' ga Magungunan Antimalarial a Zaragoza (Antioquia, Colombia). ''Mem. Ƙarshen bayani Oswaldo Cruz'' [online]; 97 (3): 401-406. [[doi:10.1590/S0074-02762002000300022]] * [Hasiya] An yi amfani da wannan kalmar a dandalin www.jw.org. Zazzabin cizon sauro na haihuwa a Urabá, Colombia. ''Jaridar Malaria;'' 10, 239. [[doi:10.1186/1475-2875-10-239|[Hotuna a shafi na 10]]] === Littattafai === * 1991 - Shuke-shuke na Antimalaric, bita na littafi. .{{ISBN|958-655-056-7}} * 2005 - Tsire-tsire masu kashe ma'adanai na Tekun Fasifik na Colombia. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9586558037|<bdi>9586558037</bdi>]]{{ISBN|9586558037}}&nbsp; === Babi na littafin === * 1997 - ''Neman magungunan rigakafi daga tsire-tsire masu magani''. * 1999 - ''Tsayayya da magungunan zazzabi''. * 2008 - Malaria Gestacional, Obstetricia da Ginecology. [ISBN ya ɓace].  * 2014 - Malaria, Cututtukan da ke kamuwa da cuta na Homo sapiens. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9789588843155|<bdi>9789588843155</bdi>]].{{ISBN|9789588843155}}&nbsp; * 2014 - Babesia spp, Cututtukan da ke yaduwa na Homo sapiens. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9789588843155|<bdi>9789588843155</bdi>]].{{ISBN|9789588843155}}&nbsp; == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} == Haɗin waje == * Publications by Silvia BlairaBincike [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2x26po42b2rn26wwkxo97xm7lm1qm34 0 159201 863511 2026-06-21T21:08:10Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1304157178|Cornelis Bonne]]" 863511 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Cornelis_Bonne.jpg|thumb]] '''Cornelis Bonne''' (3 ga Oktoba 1890 - 25 ga Afrilu 1948) ya kasance likitan Holland, masanin cututtuka da masanin cutar zazzabin cizon sauro wanda ya yi aiki a yankunan Holland a Surinam da Java . Ya yi nazarin sauro tare da matarsa Johanna Bonne-Wepster kuma sun kuma yi nazarin cututtukan da suka yada. An haifi Bonne a Ilpendam kuma ya yi karatu a Amsterdam inda ya sami digiri na likita a 1913. Ya zama mai sha'awar maganin zafi kuma ya halarci darasi daga [[Rudolph Hendrik Saltet]] (1853-1927) da Nicolaas Swellengrebel . Ya kuma sami difloma daga Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta London a shekara ta 1914. A shekara ta 1915 ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in kiwon lafiya a Netherlands kafin ya koma Surinam. Ya auri likitan Johanna Wepster (d. 1978) a shekarar 1915. Ma'auratan sun zauna a Suriname har zuwa 1919 a lokacin da suka tattara sauro sosai. Sun kuma ziyarci Panama da Arewacin Amurka. A shekara ta 1920 ya shiga Kamfanin Suriname Bauxite a matsayin likita kuma a wannan lokacin shi da matarsa sun rubuta littafi game da sauro na Surinam. Ya ba da shawarar a wannan lokacin cewa fallasa cutar dengue na iya rage tsananin zazzabin rawaya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kuno |first=Goro |date=2020 |title=The Absence of Yellow Fever in Asia: History, Hypotheses, Vector Dispersal, Possibility of YF in Asia, and Other Enigmas |journal=Viruses |language=en |volume=12 |issue=12 |pages=1349 |doi=10.3390/v12121349 |issn=1999-4915 |pmc=7759908 |pmid=33255615 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cikin 1923 ya tafi aiki a Cibiyar Pasteur a Paris kuma daga 1924 zuwa 1927 ya yi aiki a Ciungiyar Ciwon daji ta Netherlands a Amsterdam. A shekara ta 1927 ya koma Batavia a matsayin farfesa na pathology a sabuwar kwalejin likita da aka kafa. Ya kuma fara shirya Jaridar Kiwon Lafiya ta Dutch East Indies ("Geneeskundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandisch Indië"). Tarin sauro na Bonne-Wepster ya ƙunshi kimanin samfurori 55000.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ciliberti |first=Pasquale |last2=Roquas |first2=Astrid |last3=Desjardins |first3=Becky |last4=Berkholst |first4=Bibiche |last5=Loggen |first5=Frank |last6=Hooft |first6=Menno |last7=Gijswijt |first7=Gideon |last8=de Graaff |first8=Dick |date=2023-07-18 |title=Digitizing the Culicidae collection of Naturalis Biodiversity Center, with a special focus on the former Bonne-Wepster subcollection |journal=Gigabyte |volume=2023 |pages=1–12 |doi=10.46471/gigabyte.85 |issn=2709-4715 |pmc=10355122 |pmid=37475966}}</ref> An nada shi Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion kuma ya kasance memba na cibiyoyin kimiyya da yawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dinger, J.E. |year=1948 |title=In memoriam professor Cornelis Bonne |url=https://www.ntvg.nl/system/files/publications/1948112900001a.pdf |journal=Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde |volume=92 |pages=1290–1292 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220311202758/https://www.ntvg.nl/system/files/publications/1948112900001a.pdf |archive-date=11 March 2022}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4wu4se0uia9kh2ggmigp4jjs2rx9j6v 0 159202 863512 2026-06-21T21:20:34Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331678112|Émile Brumpt]]" 863512 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Alexandre Joseph Émile Brumpt''' (10 Maris 1877, a [[Faris|Paris]] - 8 Yuli 1951) Masanin ilimin kwayar cuta ne na Faransa. Ya yi karatun [[Zoology|ilimin dabbobi]] da parasitology a birnin Paris, inda ya sami digiri a fannin kimiyya a 1901, kuma ya sami digirin digirinsa na likita a 1906. A shekara ta 1919 ya gaji Raphaël Blanchard (1857-1919) a matsayin farfesa na parasitology a Faculté de Médecine de Paris, matsayin da ya ci gaba har zuwa 1948. Yawancin aikinsa an yi amfani da shi wajen gudanar da bincike a Afirka da Latin Amurka. An yaba wa Brumpt don gabatar da wata dabara da aka sani da xenodiagnosis a cikin binciken parasitological. A cikin 1935, ya bayyana Plasmodium gallinaceum, kwayar cuta zazzabin tsuntsaye da ke kamuwa da kaji da sauran tsuntsaye.<ref>[https://www.ajtmh.org/content/73/6/1104.full.pdf Plasmodium Gallinaceum]{{Dead link|date=November 2023}} Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois</ref> Ya kuma gudanar da muhimmiyar bincike da ta shafi [[Ƙudan tsando|tsetse fly]] na Afirka (''Glossina palpalis'') a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa ga trypanosomiasis. Bugu da kari, ya yi nazari mai zurfi game da cututtukan: [[Masasaku|schistosomiasis]], [[Cutar Chagas]], onchocerciasis da leishmaniasis. Ya bayyana ''Blastocystis hominis'' da Entamoeba dispar . Wadannan nau'o'in sun taimaka wajen bayyana dalilin da ya sa yawancin mutanen da suka kamu da ''Entamoeba histolytica'' ba su da alamun bayyanar cututtuka. Koyaya, saboda babu bambance-bambance na morphological tsakanin jinsunan biyu, an yi watsi da shawararsa sama da shekaru 50 kafin a tabbatar da shi daidai ta amfani da dabarun kwayoyin.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Clark |first=C. Graham |date=1998-07-01 |title=Entamoeba dispar, an organism reborn |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0035920398910495 |journal=Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |volume=92 |issue=4 |pages=361–364 |doi=10.1016/S0035-9203(98)91049-5 |issn=0035-9203 |pmid=9850382 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Faransa ta ba shi kyautar Prix Savigny a shekara ta 1910. Yawancin nau'o'in kwayar cuta suna ɗauke da sunansa, gami da ''Plasmodium brumpti'' da ''[[Xenocoeloma brumpti]]'' . Har ila yau, wani nau'in kwari na yashi, ''[[Brumptomyia]]'', da nau'in sauro na Corsican, ''[[Culex brumpti]]'', an sanya masa suna. Mafi sanannun rubuce-rubucen Brumpt shine Précis de Parasitologie, wanda aka buga a cikin bugu shida tsakanin 1910 da 1949. Shi ne marubucin takardun kimiyya da yawa, ciki har da da yawa game da [[sauro]] na ''Anopheles'' da alakarsa da zazzabin cizon sauro. Ya kasance Shugaban kungiyar Société zoologique de France a 1922. Tare da Maurice Neveu-Lemaire da Maurice Langeron, ya kafa a cikin 1923 mujallar parasitological Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, yanzu ya ci gaba a matsayin Parasite. == Bayani == {{Reflist}}<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> == Manazarta == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071031125512/http://www.uel.ac.uk/mosquito/issue9/names.htm Sunayen sauro na Turai: Sashe na 7] na Keith Snow * [https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://www.pasteur.fr/infosci/archives/bpt0.html&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=4&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3D%2522Emile%2BBrumpt%2522%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG Cibiyar Pasteur] Muhimman Tarihi (biography) == Haɗin waje == * http://entamoeba.lshtm.ac.uk/brumpt.htm * http://www.pathexo.fr/pages/english/ObEBrump.html {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1877]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0fwaqsmetpesq1qh5vk63sy3xk9t16f 3 159203 863513 2026-06-21T21:23:14Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863513 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Amattan! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Amattan|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) qzn561ru53isr4vdd0d6wa54vxn3jts 3 159204 863515 2026-06-21T21:23:24Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863515 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Bs1jac! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Bs1jac|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) sr4qrk9n8rjdpxtbij563qi1vx4dzxz 863535 863515 2026-06-21T21:27:55Z Bs1jac 46215 Blanked the page 863535 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 3 159205 863516 2026-06-21T21:23:34Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863516 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Kunglao2501! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Kunglao2501|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) hw16xkuo9py1tuqjmvmnh1dto2pcbu9 3 159206 863517 2026-06-21T21:23:44Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863517 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Musa sofiyyullahi ishola! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Musa sofiyyullahi ishola|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) hmmrsxmqxpyrwvra9xbqbxyqm7j8p9u 3 159207 863518 2026-06-21T21:23:54Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863518 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, DAUDA M Sani! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/DAUDA M Sani|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) 872hjt4tmovvaj8rktbmzdtuxiesobg 3 159208 863519 2026-06-21T21:24:04Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863519 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Konekiväärikomppania! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Konekiväärikomppania|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) teily7wc0tooiexvsvsx672w3fad0ih 3 159209 863520 2026-06-21T21:24:14Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863520 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, PeriodicEditor! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/PeriodicEditor|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) d9t4x928oab1wvwv754xkidwq9edqfv 3 159210 863521 2026-06-21T21:24:24Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863521 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Captainib392186! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Captainib392186|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) qhjumvtmmc8ww3efd4637zwkhu4lfmt 3 159211 863522 2026-06-21T21:24:34Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863522 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Grafeius! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Grafeius|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) 3srg3mqghgm97g6daqi458ly97znjch 3 159212 863523 2026-06-21T21:24:44Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863523 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Shmyas! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Shmyas|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) qqtu84mcrzco0koifvjcamdsyevtcn7 3 159213 863524 2026-06-21T21:24:54Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863524 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Sofiudurojaiye! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Sofiudurojaiye|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) h1n9mbt7irb10hh6qx439pvsjvybt32 3 159214 863525 2026-06-21T21:25:04Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863525 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, JustDavid007! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/JustDavid007|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) j0tt0mp7xmyuu9jzzsf9ua3la43hgcu 3 159215 863526 2026-06-21T21:25:14Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863526 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Wiilhoog4! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Wiilhoog4|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) ihu0p6nwrfsl5h90yfczi03jwvvykwl 3 159216 863527 2026-06-21T21:25:24Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863527 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Yusuf Murja! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Yusuf Murja|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) l28rp4oo3wk5mbvbvzxzsej5i9ivd8r 3 159217 863528 2026-06-21T21:25:34Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863528 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Maryam Magaje! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Maryam Magaje|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) 7gc08releruor4khndx2rqewbnjwsrn 3 159218 863529 2026-06-21T21:25:44Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863529 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, AO-777-1008! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/AO-777-1008|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) 85wu97n6jo34bx8logj24bsnctoxlfu 3 159219 863530 2026-06-21T21:25:54Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863530 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Tayeb2026! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Tayeb2026|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) kpebw0e4jxxldak4g1l76hl2x54h20y 3 159220 863531 2026-06-21T21:26:04Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863531 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Aishatu98! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Aishatu98|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) tvpad1ct6cfj0iaek5e64ec3i8ubyma 3 159221 863532 2026-06-21T21:26:14Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 863532 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Funktsionalism-modernism! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Funktsionalism-modernism|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 21 ga Yuni, 2026 (UTC) hzqtew7itbuvbrph5dud75wbconcv7l 0 159222 863534 2026-06-21T21:27:23Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350448868|Peter Alfond]]" 863534 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Peter Alfond''' (Mayu 17, 1952 - Yuli 10, 2017) ɗan Amurka ne, mai saka hannun jari, kuma mai ba da agaji. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Peter Alfond ne a cikin iyalin Yahudawa, ɗan Dorothy (née Levine) da kuma ɗan kasuwa-mai ba da agaji Harold Alfond . Alfond ta kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Rollins a shekara ta 1975.<ref name="Rollins">{{Cite web |title=Harold Alfond (1914–2007): Business Leader and Strong Supporter of the Rollins Sports Program |url=http://lib.rollins.edu/olin/oldsite/archives/golden/alfond.htm |access-date=2021-12-05 |website=[[Rollins College]]}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Harold Alfond ya kafa kamfanin Dexter Shoe Company a 1958 kuma ya sayar da shi a 1993 don dala miliyan 433 na hannun jari na Berkshire Hathaway. A shekara ta 1993, ya kirkiro Gidauniyar Peter Alfond wacce manufarta ita ce saka hannun jari a cikin sabbin damar ilimi da lafiya waɗanda ke ƙarfafa al'ummomi, suna da ma'ana, tasiri, da kuma tasiri kai tsaye a New England da Caribbean.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Çam |first=Deniz |title=Billionaire Philanthropist Peter Alfond Dies From Malaria At 65 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/denizcam/2017/07/13/billionaire-philanthropist-peter-alfond-dies-at-65/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713200226/https://www.forbes.com/sites/denizcam/2017/07/13/billionaire-philanthropist-peter-alfond-dies-at-65/ |archive-date=July 13, 2017 |access-date=2020-08-13 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> A cikin 2020, tushe ya ba da tallafi mai yawa na lokaci guda, gami da dala miliyan 8 ga Cibiyar Matasa da Al'umma ta Alfond, dala miliyan 40 ga MaineGeneral Health, dala miliyan 10 ga Makarantar Yarjejeniyar Vimenti, da dala miliyan 2 ga Koyarwar Koyarwa. Har ila yau, yana ba da ƙananan tallafi na shekara-shekara ga ƙungiyoyi a cikin yanki na ƙasa da na shirye-shirye.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roberts |first=Spencer |date=May 20, 2020 |title=Peter Alfond Foundation endows $48 million dollars for community health in the Kennebec Valley |url=https://www.wabi.tv/content/news/Peter-Alfond-Foundation-endows-48-million-dollars-for-community-health-in-the-Kennebec-Valley-570640401.html |access-date=2020-08-13 |website=www.wabi.tv}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Alfond ta auri K. Lynn, sun hadu a Kwalejin Rollins a Winter Park, Florida kuma suna da 'ya'ya: Rebekah, Kyle, V & Sarah . <ref name="Rollins">{{Cite web |title=Harold Alfond (1914–2007): Business Leader and Strong Supporter of the Rollins Sports Program |url=http://lib.rollins.edu/olin/oldsite/archives/golden/alfond.htm |access-date=2021-12-05 |website=[[Rollins College]]}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Peter Alfond ya mutu a ranar 10 ga Yuli, 2017, daga matsalolin [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]], wanda ya kamu da shi yayin tafiya zuwa Afirka. Yana da shekaru 65. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2017]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1952]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] n7uhp0u92stv45sfbn4ziwvb15tcufk 0 159223 863536 2026-06-21T21:28:43Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358577484|George Gall Sim]]" 863536 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Gall Sim''' [[Order of the Star of India|CSI]] CIE (17 ga Janairun 1878 - 20 ga Agusta 1930) ya kasance mai gudanarwa na Burtaniya a [[Indiya]] kuma daga baya ɗan kasuwa. An haifi Sim a Strichen, Aberdeenshire, [[Scotland]], kuma ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Aberdeen da Ikilisiyar Kristi, Oxford . Ya shiga aikin gwamnati na Indiya a cikin 1900 kuma ya tafi Indiya a ƙarshen 1901, inda aka tura shi lardunan United, yana aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Majalisa da Mai tarawa. A shekara ta 1908, an nada shi Mataimakin Sakatare na Gwamnatin larduna na United, yana riƙe da mukamin har zuwa 1910, kuma ya kasance mukaddashin Sakatare. Ya kasance shugaban kwamitin gari na [[Kanpur|Cawnpore]] daga 1912 zuwa 1917, inda ya inganta tsabtace muhalli da gidaje a cikin birni mai girma. A shekara ta 1917 an nada shi Sakataren Kudi na lardunan United kuma a watan Janairun 1920 ya koma Sashen Kudi na Gwamnatin Indiya don taimakawa cikin manyan canje-canje da ake aiwatarwa a wannan lokacin. Lokacin da waɗannan canje-canjen suka fara aiki ya zama Sakataren hadin gwiwa na Ma'aikatar Kudi, amma nan da nan ya bar shi don shiga sabuwar Hukumar Haraji ta Cikin Gida, inda ya karfafa da inganta dokar harajin kudin shiga ta Indiya da kuma gudanar da ita. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1923, an nada Sim Kwamishinan Kudi na [[Indian Railway Department|Ma'aikatar Jirgin Sama ta Indiya]] (wanda ya zama Hukumar Jirgin Jirgin Sama na Indiya a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1924), wanda ke wucewa ta hanyar babban sake tsara kudi. A shekara ta 1926, ya yi murabus don shiga kasuwanci a Ingila, ya zama sakataren Vickers Ltd a watan Yulin 1926 kuma mataimakin shugaban Vickers-Armstrong Ltd a watan Maris na 1929. An nada shi Aboki na Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) a cikin 1920 New Year Honours <ref>{{London Gazette|date=30 December 1919}}</ref> da [[Order of the Star of India|Aboki na Order of the Star of India]] (CSI) a 1926. Sim ya mutu a Elgin daga cutar huhu da [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]] yana da shekaru 52. == Bayanan da ke ƙasa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Manazarta == * Labarin mutuwarsa, The Times, 21 ga Agusta 1930 [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dp31q57boq8v8ehogbs41zs4tvi1f93 0 159224 863537 2026-06-21T21:29:44Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349370767|Iwao Aizawa]]" 863537 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Iwao Aizawa (相沢 意夫, Aizawa Iwao; 29 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1906 - Oktoba shekara ta 1945) ya kasance [[Sprint (running)|mai tsere]] na Japan. Ya shiga tseren [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|mita 100 na maza]] a gasar Olympics ta 1928 . <ref name="Results">{{Cite web |title=Iwao Aizawa |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/72425 |website=[[Olympedia]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite sports-reference|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, kuma ya mutu a New Bilibid Prison bayan yakin daga zazzabin cizon sauro. <ref name="Results" /> <ref name="WWII">{{Cite web |title=Olympians Who Were Killed or Missing in Action or Died as a Result of War |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/friv/lists.cgi?id=65 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417055433/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/friv/lists.cgi?id=65 |archive-date=17 April 2020 |access-date=24 July 2018 |website=Sports Reference}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == {{Japan Championships in Athletics men's 200 metres champions}}{{Authority control}}{{Japan Championships in Athletics men's 100 metres champions}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1906]] rpdgaxd0m48uwojwf24wrby4swps2be 0 159225 863538 2026-06-21T21:38:17Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350447694|Thet Win Aung]]" 863538 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Thet Win Aung''' (; 27 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1971 - 16 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2006) ya kasance dalibi ne mai fafutukar gwagwarmaya a kasar Burma, kuma shahidai ne kuma jarumi ne a cikin ƙungiyar dimokuradiyya ta Burma.Burmese-language_text" id="mwCA" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/> Ya shiga cikin Movement na 1988 a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan mambobin kungiyar daliban makarantar sakandare, Tamwe Township . A shekara ta 1989, an zabe shi mataimakin babban sakatare na Kungiyar Dalibai ta Ilimi (BESU). An kore shi daga makarantarsa saboda shiga siyasa a cikin zanga-zangar dalibai, daga baya aka daure shi na watanni 9 saboda taimakawa wajen kafa kungiyar dalibai. A shekara ta 1994, jami'an leken asirin soja sun sake kokarin kama shi saboda ya wallafa takardun All Burma Federation of Student Unions kuma ya shirya zanga-zangar dalibai don tunawa da cika shekaru 32 na zanga-zambe na 7 ga Yuli. Ko da yake ya tsere, an bincika gidansa akai-akai kuma an tsananta wa iyalinsa ba tare da bata lokaci ba yayin da yake gudu. Babu wata shaida da ta nuna cewa ya shiga cikin zanga-zangar dalibai ta 1996 daga bayan fage ko kuma cewa ya taimaka wajen shirya zanga-zambe na dalibai game da rashin ingancin ilimi da haƙƙin dalibai a shekarar 1998, duk da haka sojoji sun zarge shi da wannan. Thet Win Aung ya kasance a ɓoye na dogon lokaci bayan zanga-zangar 1988, amma ya sami nasarar ƙaura zuwa Thailand, inda ya zauna na ɗan lokaci. An shawo kansa, duk da haka, ya koma Burma. An kama shi a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1998, an azabtar da shi sosai, kuma daga ƙarshe an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 59 a kurkuku. Da farko, an tsare shi a Kurkukun Kalay, Sagaing Division. An tura shi gidan yarin Khamti, kuma an tura shi gidan yari na Mandalay a shekara ta 2004. Yayinda yake cikin kurkuku, shi da 'yan uwansa fursunoni na lamiri sun fuskanci azabtarwa mara mutunci kuma sun hana magani mai kyau. Ta hanyar sanya shi a gidan yarin Mandalay, an tsare shi nesa da iyalinsa yadda zai yiwu. Mahaifinsa bai taɓa rasa ziyarar kurkuku ba ga ko dai Thet Win Aung ko ɗan'uwansa, Pyone Cho, wanda shi ma fursuna ne na lamiri. Thet Win Aung ya mutu a kurkukun Mandalay a ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2006 saboda rashin mutunci da raunin da ya samu na dogon lokaci daga azabtarwa yayin tambayoyi tare da leken asirin soja. Hukumomin kurkuku ba za su ba da izinin binciken gawa ba kuma sun nace cewa ya mutu ne saboda zazzabin cizon sauro, maimakon azabtarwa, kodayake 'yan fursunoni da yawa za su iya ba da shaida game da yadda aka azabtar da Thet Win Aung kuma aka yi masa fyade a cibiyoyin tambayoyi da kurkuku. An zabi Thet Win Aung a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban girmamawa na Kungiyar Daliban Jami'ar Reading bayan an karbe shi a matsayin fursuna na [[Amnesty International]] Group. Dan uwan Thet Win Aung, Pyone Cho (wanda aka fi sani da Htay Win Aung), shi ma sanannen mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam ne a duniya kuma yana daya daga cikin manyan shugabannin dalibai na tashin hankali na 1988. Kamar Thet Win Aung, Pyone Cho ya shafe dukkan rayuwarsa na yin kira ga dimokuradiyya, ya shafe shekaru 20 a matsayin fursuna na lamiri. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2006]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1971]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] inyormqlgivny0flwrdzs38af98z1rb 0 159226 863539 2026-06-21T21:39:19Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350447558|Liberty Ma Mya Yin]]" 863539 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Liberty Mya Yin''' (Burmese; {{Circa}} 21 Afrilu 1904 - 29 Afrilu 1945) ya kasance dan wasan Burmese kuma mawaƙi, wanda aka fi sani da shi a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.<ref name="1:">{{Cite web |date=2019-04-29 |title=On This Day {{!}} The Day Myanmar Lost Its Most Renowned Anyeint Dancer |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/specials/on-this-day/day-myanmar-lost-renowned-anyeint-dancer.html |access-date=2019-04-30 |website=The Irrawaddy |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta sami lakabin "Liberty" daga magoya bayan kwaleji waɗanda suka ba da shawarar 'yancin Burma.<ref name="1:" /> == Rayuwa == An haifi Mya Yin ga Po Thit da Nyanyon, wadanda dukansu masu rawa ne na gargajiya, {{Circa}} 21 ga Afrilu, 1904 a ƙauyen Shwepalagan, Garin Thazi (yanzu Garin Wundwin), Birnin Burtaniya. Ta fara aikin rawa tana da shekaru 14. Awba Thaung tana ɗaya daga cikin tsaranta. Ta auri U Maung Galay, wani attajiri dan kasuwa kuma dan majalisa a Majalisar Dokoki ta Burma . [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2023}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Ayyukansa na baya == Shahararren Mya Yin ya kasance a duniya, gami da jama'a, jami'an gwamnati da kuma manyan mutane. A wani lokaci, dole ne a yi rajista da kuma biyan kuɗi na shekara guda a gaba, kuma masu ba da gudummawa suna buƙatar zaɓar kwanakin su dangane da lokacin da take da 'yanci. Magoya bayanta sun hada da Sir Joseph Augustus Maung Gyi da U Thant . Ta yi daruruwan waƙoƙi; wasu daga cikin sanannun sune "Tohn-kyaw Ma", "U Thawun-Kyaung", "Ahlushin" da "Shwe Pyi Soe". Ta kuma samar da rikodin gramophone, ciki har da "Moonlight Glory", "Padonma Shwe-Kya", "Khint Thabaw", "Maung Maung's Shwekye", "Htin Thalohn" da "Okay, Seik-Tagu Yok-Koze". == Mutuwa da gado == Mya Yin ta mutu a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 1945 daga [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]] yayin da take guje wa rikici a Burma a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu . <ref name="1:">{{Cite web |date=2019-04-29 |title=On This Day {{!}} The Day Myanmar Lost Its Most Renowned Anyeint Dancer |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/specials/on-this-day/day-myanmar-lost-renowned-anyeint-dancer.html |access-date=2019-04-30 |website=The Irrawaddy |language=en-US}}</ref> Tana da shekara 41. [Littafi na 3]{{Refn|Her age at death is reported as 42 in Myanmar, following Burmese age reckoning -- i.e. in her 42nd year.}} Don nuna godiya ga shahararta a matsayin mai zane-zane na Burma, wani mutum-mutumi na tagulla yana tsaye a gaban gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mandalay . == Bayani == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|group=note}} == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Dubi kuma == * [[Burmese Dance|Waƙar Burma]] * [[Anyeint|Rashin jin daɗi]] * Ba tare da Kho Ma Lay ba * Yindaw Ma Lay * Ma Htwe Lay * Aung Bala * Awba Thaung * Mya Chay Gyin Ma Ngwe Myaing {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1904]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rxlmeqw93jaqkbk5bhaoc5ip8y6zpp0 0 159227 863542 2026-06-21T21:40:34Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350450608|Ba Htoo]]" 863542 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />Kanal '''Ba Htoo''' (Burmese; 1916 - 2 Yuni 1945) ya kasance jami'in Sojojin Kasa na Burma . Wataƙila an fi saninsa da jagorancinsa wajen fitar da sojojin Japan daga Upper Myanmar a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=On This Day {{!}} The Death of Independence Hero Col. Ba Htoo |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/specials/on-this-day/death-independence-hero-col-ba-htoo.html |access-date=2021-01-10 |website=The Irrawaddy |language=en-US}}</ref> Bayan ya ayyana yaƙi a kan sojojin Japan a ranar 8 ga Maris 1945, a lokacin-Major Ba Htoo ya sami nasara a cikin kusan yaƙe-yaƙe 20, wanda tare da yakin da Janar Aung San ya kaddamar a ranar 27 ga Maris da hare-haren da Sojojin Allied suka kai, a ƙarshe ya haifar da cin nasara da fitar da sojojin Japan daga Myanmar da kuma ƙarshen sama da shekaru 100 na mulkin mallaka.<ref name=":0" /> Koyaya, yayin da Manjo Ba Htoo da sojojinsa suka kori Jafananci daga Mandalay zuwa kudancin Jihar Shan, ya kamu da mummunar zazzabin cizon sauro kuma, yana da shekaru 29, ya mutu daga cutar a garin Aungban, Jihar Shan. <ref name=":0" /> Ba tare da sanin Ba Htoo ba a lokacin mutuwarsa, Janar Aung San ya ɗaukaka shi zuwa matsayin Colonel, kamar yadda aka tsara a cikin wasika.<ref name=":0" /> == Kyauta == [[Fayil:Bust_of_Col._Ba_Htoo_(March_2020).jpg|thumb|Bust na Ba Htoo a cikin Aungban]] An gina wani abin tunawa da Kanar Ba Htoo da sauran sojojin Burma da suka fadi a lokacin yakin a Upper Myanmar a Aungban kwanaki 13 bayan mutuwar Kanar.<ref name=":0" /> Filin wasa, Bahtoo Memorial Stadium, a Mandalay, Myanmar, da Major Ba Htoo Bridge, wanda ke haɗa Arewacin Okkalapa da Arewacin Dagon, an sanya musu suna don girmama Colonel.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Stadiums - Stadiums in Myanmar |url=http://www.worldstadiums.com/asia/countries/myanmar.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623024920/http://www.worldstadiums.com/asia/countries/myanmar.shtml |archive-date=2013-06-23 |access-date=2021-01-10 |website=www.worldstadiums.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Major Ba Htoo Bridge - Yangon |url=http://wikimapia.org/2811297/Major-Ba-Htoo-Bridge |access-date=2021-01-10 |website=wikimapia.org |language=en}}</ref> A shekara ta 1953, an kafa Tashar Bahtoo, wani sansanin soja kusa da Lawksawk a kudancin Jihar Shan, don girmama shi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khine |first=May Thinn |date=2019-06-02 |title=On This Day {{!}} The Death of Independence Hero Col. Ba Htoo |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/specials/on-this-day/death-independence-hero-col-ba-htoo.html |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=The Irrawaddy |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jbd8c4o0iae689rtgrrjz8amcq03p50 0 159228 863543 2026-06-21T21:41:51Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349371462|Michael Glawogger]]" 863543 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>  [[Fayil:Michael_Glawogger_Linz_improved.JPG|thumb|Glawogger a watan Nuwamba 2006]] '''Michael Glawogger''' (3 Disamba 1959 - 23 Afrilu 2014) ya kasance darektan fina-finai na Austriya, marubuci kuma mai daukar hoto, an haife shi a [[Graz]] . Daga 1981 zuwa 1982, Glawogger ya yi karatu a Cibiyar Fasaha ta San Francisco, kuma daga 1983 zuwa 1989 a Kwalejin Fim ta Vienna . Kamar ɗan'uwan darektan Austrian Ulrich Seidl, wanda ya yi aiki tare da shi sau da yawa, an fi saninsa da fina-finai na shirye-shiryensa, kamar Megacities (1998), Workingman's Death (2005) da Whores' Glory (2011). A shekara ta 2008 ya kasance memba na juri a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Moscow na 30. <ref name="Moscow2008">{{Cite web |title=30th Moscow International Film Festival (2008) |url=http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421050837/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=2008 |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=1 June 2013 |website=MIFF}}</ref> == Sauran ayyukan == A cikin 2013, Glawogger ya ba da gudummawa ga babi ɗaya ga Cathedrals of Culture, fim na 3-D akan gine-gine wanda Wim Wenders ya samar. == Mutuwa da gado == Kwanaki huɗu bayan an gano shi da cutar [[typhus]], ya mutu daga [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]] a ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2014 jim kadan kafin tsakar dare a [[Monrovia]], [[Laberiya]] yayin samar da fim. A watan Fabrairun 2015, an saki wani littafi na labarun mai taken ''69 Hotelzimmer'' . Labaran sun yi amfani da dakunan otal ɗin da Glawogger ya ziyarta (ko a wasu lokuta kawai ya ji game da shi a cikin wucewa) a matsayin tashi don labarun da ke nuna wadatar gani wanda ake yin bikin fina-finai. == Hotunan fina-finai == * 1989 - ''Yaƙi a Vienna'' (''Krieg a Wien''; shirin) * 1995 - Ant Street (''Die Ameisenstraße'') * 1996 - ''Fim a cikin Zuciya'' (''Kino im Kopf''; shirin) * 1998 - Megacities (takardun shaida) * 2000 - ''Faransa, A nan Mun zo!'' (Frankreich, wir kommen; fim) * 2002 - ''Yanayin Kasar: Austria a cikin Babi shida'' (takardun shaida) * 2004 - ''Slugs'' (''Nacktschnecken'') * 2005 - ''[[Workingman's Death|Mutuwar Ma'aikaci]]'' (documentary) * 2006 - ''Rashin hankali'' * 2009 - ''Kashe Daddy Good Night'' (''Das Vaterspiel'') * 2009 - ''Babban Saduwa'' * 2011 - Glory of Whores (documentary) * 2011 - 60 Seconds of Solitude in Year Zero (documentary) * 2017 - Untitled (documentary, bayan mutuwar da Monika Willi ya shirya) == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == <templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Commonscat}}{{Authority control}} * {{Official website}} * {{IMDb name|0322198}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2014]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] c06k9b5fmg89gzn7b9lldzmttc9ug8j 0 159229 863544 2026-06-21T21:43:04Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349376200|Paolo Spingardi]]" 863544 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Reflist}}Count '''Paolo Antonio Spingardi''' (2 ga Nuwamba 1845 - 22 ga Satumba 1918) Janar ne kuma ɗan siyasan Italiya, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Yakin a lokacin Yaƙin Italo-Turkiya da kuma cikin shekarun da suka gabata kafin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I]]. == Rayuwa da aiki == An haife shi a Felizzano, bayan ya halarci Kwalejin Soja ta Modena Spingardi ya shiga cikin Yaƙin Independence na Italiya na Uku a matsayin mataimakin na biyu na grenadiers . A shekara ta 1874 ya shiga rundunar jami'an ma'aikata (SM), an nada shi Kwamandan rundunar a shekara ta 1876. <ref name="bio" /> A shekara ta 1897 Spingardi ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban Babban Sakatariyar Ministan Yakin, ya zama Darakta Janar na Ayyukan Gudanarwa a shekara ta 1898. Mataimakin tsakanin 1904 da 1909 da Sanata daga 1909 har zuwa mutuwarsa, <ref name="bio" /> ya kasance mataimakin sakataren ma'aikatar yaki tsakanin 1903 da 1905, kuma bayan ɗan gajeren gogewa a matsayin Kwamandan Janar na Carabinieri Corps a 1909 ya zama Ministan Yakin, rawar da ya rike har zuwa 1914 a ƙarƙashin majalisun daban-daban guda huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Scheda senatore - Spingardi Paolo |url=https://notes9.senato.it/Web/senregno.NSF/38c577ccd5139785c1257bec004a1954/47ba926d41719ccb4125646f0060c3c1?OpenDocument |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=[[Senate of the Republic (Italy)|Senato.it]]}}</ref> A wannan lokacin ya kula da Yakin Italo-Turkiya, an yi masa ado da Babban Dokar Mai Tsarki kuma ya sami taken Count. <ref name="bio" /> <ref name="bio2" /> A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, Spingardi ya yi aiki na kasa da wata daya a matsayin kwamandan yanki na rundunar soja ta III, a [[Milano|Milan]], an wanke shi bayan da gwamnati ta dauki matakan da ya dauka a kan masu zaman lafiya da masu shiga tsakani. Daga baya aka zaba shi shugaban hukumar tsakiya don fursunonin yaki. <ref name="bio" /> Spingardi ya mutu a ranar 22 ga Satumba 1918, a bayyane yake yana fama da [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]] wasu fursunonin Austriya sun kamu da shi a Asinara.<ref name="bio" /> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Authority control}} == Ƙarin karantawa == *   == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/spingardi-paolo-conte/ Paolo Spingardi] a cikin Enciclopedia Italiana [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] a213jninb1pkjydypk5u8cg00suly20 0 159230 863547 2026-06-21T21:46:16Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358601371|Prince Giuseppe, Count of Asti]]" 863547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox royalty|name=Prince Giuseppe|title=[[Asti|Count of Asti]]|image=Giuseppe Benedetto, Count of Moriana - Convitto Nazionale Canopoleno.png|caption=Prince Giuseppe, Count of Asti.|full_name=Giuseppe Benedetto Maria Placido di Savoia|father=[[Victor Amadeus III]]|mother=[[Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain]]|house=[[House of Savoy]]|birth_date=5 October 1766|birth_place=[[Royal Palace of Turin]], [[Turin]]|death_date={{Death date and age|df=yes|1802|10|29|1766|10|5}}|death_place=Palazzo Carcassona, Sardinia|burial_place=[[Alghero Cathedral|Cathedral of Alghero]], [[Sardinia]]}}<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%" |Yarima Giuseppe |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" |''[[Asti|Ƙididdigar Asti]]'' |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo" |[[File:Giuseppe_Benedetto,_Count_of_Moriana_-_Convitto_Nazionale_Canopoleno.png|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Yarima Giuseppe, Count na Asti .</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An haife shi | class="infobox-data" |5 Oktoba 1766 Fadar sarauta ta Turin, Turin<br /><span class="birthplace">[[Turin]]" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Royal Palace of Turin">Fadar sarauta ta Turin, Turin</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ya mutu | class="infobox-data" |29 Oktoba 1802 <span style="display:none">(1802-10-29)</span> (shekaru 36) <span class="deathplace">Palazzo Carcassona, Sardinia</span>&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Kabari | class="infobox-data" |<div class="label" style="display:inline">[[Alghero Cathedral|Cocin Alghero]], [[Sardinia]]</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left" |Sunayen |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;" |Giuseppe Benedetto Maria Placido di Savoia |} |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Daular|Gidan]] | class="infobox-data" |Gidan Savoy |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Uba | class="infobox-data" |Victor Amadeus na Uku |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Uwar | class="infobox-data" |Maria Antonia Ferdinanda ta Spain |} '''Giuseppe na Savoy''' (Giuseppe Benedetto Maria Placido; 5 ga Oktoba 1766 - 29 ga Oktoba 1802) ya kasance yarima na Savoy . An kira shi Count na Moriana daga haihuwa amma daga baya aka halicce shi Count na Asti . <ref name="Savoia">{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Savoia |url=http://www.sardimpex.com/sito%20in%20costruzione/Savoia/savoia3.htm |access-date=2010-08-26}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == Yarima Giuseppe an haife shi a Fadar sarauta ta Turin, an kira shi Count of Moriana tun daga haihuwa. Shi ne ƙarami na [[Sardinia]]" id="mwDw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia">Victor Amadeus na Savoy (wanda ake kira "Duke na Savoy") da matarsa, Maria Antonia Ferdinanda ta Spain. Don tserewa daga barazanar Napoleon I, Montferrat ya gudu zuwa Sardinia tare da 'yan uwansa Duke na Aosta da Duke na Genoa inda uku suka zauna a ''Palazzo Carcassona'' . A watan Yunin 1799 dan uwansa Charles Emmanuel IV ya kirkiro dan uwansa Maurice, Gwamnan lardin Sassari amma daga baya ya mutu sakamakon zazzabin cizon sauro a tsibirin a shekarar 1799.[1]. A mutuwar Montferrat, Asti ya zama gwamnan Sassari a wurin ɗan'uwansa. Da kamuwa da zazzabin cizon sauro a shekara ta 1802, Asti ta mutu sakamakon cutar bayan da ta yi rauni kuma an binne ta a Cathedral na Alghero.[2] Wani ɗan'uwansa Genoa daga baya ya zama mataimakin Sardinia. == Tsofaffi == <templatestyles src="Ahnentafel/styles.css"></templatestyles>  == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] j9m4rzdwcp9cwoe5f1y9mpjakz5z5k3 0 159231 863548 2026-06-21T21:48:21Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356940699|Frederick William Stevens]]" 863548 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Frederick William Stevens''' (11 ga Nuwamba 1847 - 5 ga Maris 1900) masanin injiniya ne na Ingila wanda ya yi aiki ga gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Burtaniya a [[Indiya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jeyaraj |first=George J. |title=Indo Saracenic Architecture in Chennai |url=http://www.cmdachennai.gov.in/pdfs/seminar_heritage_buildings/Indo_Saracenic_Architecture_in_Chennai.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725063408/http://www.cmdachennai.gov.in/pdfs/seminar_heritage_buildings/Indo_Saracenic_Architecture_in_Chennai.pdf |archive-date=25 July 2021 |access-date=30 October 2011 |publisher=Chennai Metropolitan Area}}</ref> Mafi shahararren zane na Stevens shine tashar jirgin kasa ta Victoria Terminus a Bombay (a cikin 1996, an sake masa suna Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus a [[Mumbai]]). <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 1997 |title=Frederick William Stevens |url=http://theory.tifr.res.in/bombay/persons/fw-stevens.html |access-date=12 September 2009 |publisher=Mumbai/Bombay Pages}}</ref> Stevens kuma ya tsara Ginin Kamfanin Municipal, Mumbai Gidan Royal Alfred Sailor, Ginin Sojoji da Sojan Ruwa a Kala Ghoda, Ofishin Jakadancin a Apollo Bunder, manyan ofisoshin BB&amp;amp;CI Railway a Churchgate, da Ofisoshin Tabbatar da Rayuwa na Gabas a Flora Fountain . Ya kuma tsara Fadar Rajmahal a Mehsana.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aklekar |first=Rajendra B. |date=22 April 2017 |title=A Sentimental Visit to Mumbai to See Her Great Grandfather's Magnificent Buildings |url=https://thewire.in/history/victoria-terminus-chatrapati-shivaji-terminus-mumbai-f-w-stevens |access-date=6 November 2020 |website=The Wire |language=en |quote=Stevens also designed and supervised buildings in Calcutta, Kanpur, Agra, Benaras, markets at Patan and court houses at Mehsana for the Gaekwads of Baroda.}}</ref> Ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Maris 1900 bayan [[Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro|zazzabin cizon sauro]] kuma an binne shi a Kabari na Kirista na Sewri . [[Fayil:Sewri.jpg|thumb]] Ana iya ganin sunansa da mutum-mutumi a cikin fim din 2006 Slumdog Millionaire . == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}}<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1fkmnadjmfi4jmo3vvpirotfzbw1bnk 0 159232 863607 2026-06-22T05:23:52Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355683534|USS Thomas J. Gary]]" 863607 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka (USS ''Thomas J. Gary'' ) (DE-326)''' ɗan Edsallyaƙi na Edsall. An sake jirgin suna ''Thomas J. Gary'' a ranar 1 ga Janairun 1945 domin a sake sanya masa suna na jirgin ruwan da aka tsara kirar USS Gary (CL-147) . == Namesake == An haifi Thomas Jones Gary a ranar 16 ga Satumba, 1922 a birnin Texas, [[Texas]] . Ya shiga rundunar sojojin ruwa a ranar 30 ga Satumba, 1940. Lokacin da ' yan Japan suka kai hari kan Pearl Harbor a ranar 7 ga Disamba, 1941, jirgin ruwan Seaman 2d Class Gary yana cikin jirgin ruwan USS California . ''California'' ta fuskanci harin torpedo da bama-bamai wanda ya haifar da gobara da ambaliyar ruwa mai yawa. Bayan ya ceci mutane uku ko huɗu da suka ji rauni daga sassan jirgin da aka rufe da kuma waɗanda ke ƙonewa, Seaman Gary ya ci gaba da ƙoƙarinsa na ceton wasu har sai da ya rasa ransa. Sakataren Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ya yaba masa bayan mutuwarsa saboda jarumtar da ya nuna da kuma rashin kula da lafiyarsa wajen taimaka wa abokan aikinsa da ke cikin hatsari. == Gine-gine da kuma aikin gudanarwa == An kafa jirgin ''Gary'' (DE-326) a ranar 15 ga Yuni 1943 a Orange, Texas ta Kamfanin Consolidated Steel Corporation; an ƙaddamar da shi a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1943; Mrs. Wille Mae Gary, mahaifiyar Seaman 2nd Class Gary, ta ɗauki nauyinsa kuma aka ƙaddamar da shi a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1943. == Tarihin Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka == Bayan atisayen girgizar ƙasa daga [[Bermuda]] da kuma gyaran da aka yi bayan girgizar ƙasa a Charleston, ''Gary'' ya kai rahoto ga Kwamandan Yankin Tekun Caribbean da ke Guantanamo Bay don yin aiki na wucin gadi a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 1944. An kore ta daga wannan rundunar a ranar 9 ga Maris kuma ta shirya hanyarta zuwa [[Yankin Gibraltar|Mashigin Gibraltar]], tana rakiyar ta farko daga cikin jerin ayarin jiragen ruwa na transatlantic. Har zuwa watan Mayu na 1945, ''Thomas J. Gary'' ya yi aiki a matsayin jirgin rakiya a Tekun [[Tekun Atalanta|Atlantika]], inda ya tantance ayarin motoci goma sha ɗaya daga Gabashin Tekun zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa a [[Bahar Rum]] da [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] sannan ya koma Amurka lafiya. Ga jerin ayarin motocin ETO: [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]] [[Aljir|Algiers]] (sau biyu) [[Tunisiya|Tunisia]] [[Napoli|Naples]] Taranto, [[Italiya]] [[Southampton]] (sau biyu) Plymouth [[Portsmouth]] [[Liverpool]] A lokacin da take bakin teku na gabas tsakanin sintiri, Gary ta yi horo a bakin tekun [[Maine (Tarayyar Amurka)|Maine]] da kuma Guantanamo Bay, [[Cuba]], kuma ta gudanar da atisayen yaƙin da ke hana ruwa shiga ƙarƙashin ruwa daga New London . A watan Yunin 1944, an tura ta makarantar Sojan Ruwa ta Soja. A watan Disamba na shekarar 1944, ta ware daga cikin ayarin motocin da take raka daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Birtaniya don taimaka wa Huron wanda ya yi karo da wani ɗan kasuwa. A ranar 9 ga wata, ta ɗauki sama da Jami'an Tsaron Teku 100 daga cikin jirgin ruwan 'yan sintiri da ya lalace sosai, sannan ta tantance ta yayin da aka ja ta zuwa Bermuda. === Aikin Pacific === Yayin da aka sanya jirgin a Boston a ranar 1 ga Janairun 1945, an faɗaɗa sunanta zuwa '''''Thomas J. Gary''''' . Ta kammala jerin gwanon jiragen ruwanta na ƙarshe a Tekun Atlantika bayan ta isa [[New York (birni)|New York]] a ranar 7 ga Mayu kuma ta shafe sauran watan tana shirin yin hidima a Tekun [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] . Bayan kammala horo a [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]], ta bar ruwan tekun [[Haiti]] a ranar 22 ga Yuni; ta yi tururi - ta hanyar Panama Canal - zuwa gabar yamma; sannan ta bar [[San Diego]] a ranar 12 ga Yuli tare da jerin gwanon zuwa [[Hawaii]] . Ta isa Pearl Harbor a ranar 20 ga Yuli don fara gyara da horo. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, ta bar Oahu tare da Rundunar Escort ta 57 ta yi tafiya zuwa Saipan . Bayan ta tsaya na ɗan lokaci a Eniwetok, aka sake tura ta zuwa [[Guam]] ta isa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Apra a ranar 13 ga wata. A wannan rana kuma, ta sake fara aiki; a wannan karon tare da Rundunar Carrier ta 27. Yayin da rundunar ke ci gaba da kai hari zuwa [[Filipin|Philippines]], labarin mika wuyan Japan ya isa jirgin. Bayan isowarta San Pedro Bay a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta, ''Thomas J. Gary'' ya ci gaba da zama a tashar jiragen ruwa har zuwa ranar 29 ga wata lokacin da ta bar Leyte don tantance jiragen sama na Task Group (TG) 77.1 yayin da suke tafiya zuwa Koriya . === Tafiya zuwa Japan === Bob Redmon ya ce "A ƙarshen yaƙin mun kasance ɓangare na rundunar aiki wadda wataƙila ta fi ta D-Day girma. Admiral Kincaid ne ke jagorantar wannan rundunar aiki kuma muna kan hanyarmu ta fara mamaye babban yankin Japan. Yanzu ku fahimci wannan, muna gudanar da rakiya zuwa jirgin ruwan yaƙi California wanda Seaman Gary ya rasa ransa a Pearl Harbor. Har yanzu yana bani haushi. Mun san akwai wani abu da ya taso. Mun bar Okinawa don mamayar. Tunda muna da nisan mil 300 kacal daga gabar tekun Japan, ba mu san dalilin da ya sa aka ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo ba. Tabbas lokacin da muka fara jefa manyan bama-bamai mun fahimta. Har yanzu ina so manyan yaran da aka nutsar a Pearl su sami damar yin jifa da waɗannan inci 16 a bakin teku su ce "kai, 'yan Japs, ga wanda ke nan." musamman California." (LURA: USS California tana da manyan bindigogi masu inci 14, ba inci 16 ba. 16 suna kan jiragen yaƙi na Colorado, North Carolina, South Dakota da Iowa Class) A kan hanyarsu, an karkatar da ƙungiyar aikin zuwa [[Yanayin Taiwan|Formosa]] . Tare da Kwamandan Rundunar Escort ta 57, an naɗa ''Thomas J. Gary'' don ya 'yantar da fursunonin yaƙi na Allied (POW) waɗanda aka tsare a wannan tsibirin. A ranar 3 ga Satumba, ta ɗauki jiragen ruwa 19 daga Block Island waɗanda aka ɗora wa alhakin shirya cikakkun bayanai game da kwashe sojojin. Kwamandan rundunarta shi ma yana da alhakin shirya shirye-shiryen farko don mamaye Formosa. Kafin wayewar gari a ranar 5 ga Satumba a bakin tekun Formosa, an ware ''Thomas J. Gary'' da Kretchmer daga ƙungiyar masu ɗaukar kaya masu rakiya. Masu rakiyar masu lalata ba su da jagororin tafiya don nuna wurin da ma'adanai ke cikin ruwa da ke kewaye da tsibirin. Duk da sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a wasu kwanaki da suka gabata, juriya daga Japan mai tsauri abu ne mai yiwuwa. === Tafiya zuwa New Zealand, da kuma komawa Bahar Rum === Bayan ta sake shiga cikin atisayen "Springboard" na shekara-shekara a shekarar 1965, ta sake komawa bakin aiki, kuma a ranar 30 ga Yuni, ta dakatar da tashar Southern Tip Picket inda ta shafe tsawon lokacin aikinta bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. A ranar 13 ga Satumba, ta bar Newport don yin aiki na tsawon watanni tara a Pacific, wanda ya kai ta ta Panama Canal daga baya a wannan watan kuma ya haɗa da tallafi ga Operation "Deep Freeze," wani balaguron kimiyya zuwa Antarctic . A watan Maris na 1966, ta bar [[New Zealand]] ta yi amfani da ruwa, ta hanyar Suez Canal, zuwa Bahar Rum. Tashoshin jiragen ruwanta a can da kuma gabashin Atlantika sun haɗa da [[Barcelona]], [[Bremen]], [[Kwapanhagan|Copenhagen]], da [[Edinburgh]] . Ta koma Newport a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1966. ''Thomas J. Gary'' ya sake tashi daga Newport a ranar 24 ga Agusta kuma ya shirya tafiyarsa, ta hanyar Panama Canal da Pago Pago zuwa Dunedin, New Zealand, tashar jiragen ruwa ta sake cikawa yayin da take shiga cikin Operation "Deep Freeze". ''Thomas J. Gary'' yana aiki a matsayin hedikwatar jigilar kayayyaki na Operation "Deepfreeze" kuma ya kasance a shirye don samar da bincike da ceto ga jiragen da suka faɗi. Ta ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ruwan kudu har zuwa ƙarshen 1966. A watan Maris, ta yi waya a [[Perth]], [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] ; sannan ta fara tafiyarta a ranar 23 ga Maris don zuwa Suez Canal. Ta yi waya a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Turai ta dawo Newport a ranar 24 ga Mayu. A ranar 1 ga Yuli, an canza tashar jiragen ruwanta zuwa Key West a hukumance. Bayan ta isa can a ranar 9 ga Yuli, ta taimaka wajen gwada kayan gwaji a lokacin Operation "Combat Keel" a ƙarshen shekarar. A ranar 12 ga Disamba, ta koma Key West don yin gyare-gyare. A shekarar 1968, ta yi aiki a Key West; ta gudanar da horo na musamman daga Guantanamo Bay; kuma a watan Agusta, ta shiga aikin tallafawa aikin harba makamai masu linzami na Polaris ta hanyar jirgin ruwan karkashin ruwa na nukiliya Daniel Webster . Daga baya a shekarar, ta gudanar da ayyuka na musamman a Bahamas kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin jirgin makaranta na Makarantar Fleet Sonar da ke Key West. Bayan ta shiga cikin rundunar "Springboard" a Puerto Rico a farkon shekarar 1970, ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Afrilu kuma ta yi tafiya a kan Tekun Atlantika don ayyukan da suka kai ta [[Ispaniya|Spain]], [[Denmark]], [[Jamus]], da Tsibirin Burtaniya. A wannan aikin, ta taimaka wajen haɓaka sabbin dabaru da dabaru na yaƙin hana ruwa a ƙarƙashin ruwa ta hanyar da ta dace har aka ba ta wani yabo na Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa. Ta koma Key West a ranar 7 ga Satumba kuma ta yi aiki daga wannan tashar zuwa 1972 tana ba da sa ido don tallafawa Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Atlantic. Ta bar Key West a ranar 14 ga Janairun 1972, ta ziyarci Wilhelmshaven; sannan ta dawo ta [[Senegal]] zuwa Amurka. Da ta dawo Key West a watan Maris, ta ci gaba da ayyukan gida daga wannan tashar jiragen ruwa wanda ta ci gaba har zuwa 1973. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3p6x7bwtt4xl3vqm81xe6g9a9svraoi 863608 863607 2026-06-22T05:24:15Z Engineer014 44591 863608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Amurka (USS ''Thomas J. Gary'' ) (DE-326)''' ɗan Edsallyaƙi na Edsall. An sake jirgin suna ''Thomas J. Gary'' a ranar 1 ga Janairun 1945 domin a sake sanya masa suna na jirgin ruwan da aka tsara kirar USS Gary (CL-147) . == Namesake == An haifi Thomas Jones Gary a ranar 16 ga Satumba, 1922 a birnin Texas, [[Texas]] . Ya shiga rundunar sojojin ruwa a ranar 30 ga Satumba, 1940. Lokacin da ' yan Japan suka kai hari kan Pearl Harbor a ranar 7 ga Disamba, 1941, jirgin ruwan Seaman 2d Class Gary yana cikin jirgin ruwan USS California . ''California'' ta fuskanci harin torpedo da bama-bamai wanda ya haifar da gobara da ambaliyar ruwa mai yawa. Bayan ya ceci mutane uku ko huɗu da suka ji rauni daga sassan jirgin da aka rufe da kuma waɗanda ke ƙonewa, Seaman Gary ya ci gaba da ƙoƙarinsa na ceton wasu har sai da ya rasa ransa. Sakataren Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ya yaba masa bayan mutuwarsa saboda jarumtar da ya nuna da kuma rashin kula da lafiyarsa wajen taimaka wa abokan aikinsa da ke cikin hatsari. == Gine-gine da kuma aikin gudanarwa == An kafa jirgin ''Gary'' (DE-326) a ranar 15 ga Yuni 1943 a Orange, Texas ta Kamfanin Consolidated Steel Corporation; an ƙaddamar da shi a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1943; Mrs. Wille Mae Gary, mahaifiyar Seaman 2nd Class Gary, ta ɗauki nauyinsa kuma aka ƙaddamar da shi a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1943. == Tarihin Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka == Bayan atisayen girgizar ƙasa daga [[Bermuda]] da kuma gyaran da aka yi bayan girgizar ƙasa a Charleston, ''Gary'' ya kai rahoto ga Kwamandan Yankin Tekun Caribbean da ke Guantanamo Bay don yin aiki na wucin gadi a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 1944. An kore ta daga wannan rundunar a ranar 9 ga Maris kuma ta shirya hanyarta zuwa [[Yankin Gibraltar|Mashigin Gibraltar]], tana rakiyar ta farko daga cikin jerin ayarin jiragen ruwa na transatlantic. Har zuwa watan Mayu na 1945, ''Thomas J. Gary'' ya yi aiki a matsayin jirgin rakiya a Tekun [[Tekun Atalanta|Atlantika]], inda ya tantance ayarin motoci goma sha ɗaya daga Gabashin Tekun zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa a [[Bahar Rum]] da [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] sannan ya koma Amurka lafiya. Ga jerin ayarin motocin ETO: [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]] [[Aljir|Algiers]] (sau biyu) [[Tunisiya|Tunisia]] [[Napoli|Naples]] Taranto, [[Italiya]] [[Southampton]] (sau biyu) Plymouth [[Portsmouth]] [[Liverpool]] A lokacin da take bakin teku na gabas tsakanin sintiri, Gary ta yi horo a bakin tekun [[Maine (Tarayyar Amurka)|Maine]] da kuma Guantanamo Bay, [[Cuba]], kuma ta gudanar da atisayen yaƙin da ke hana ruwa shiga ƙarƙashin ruwa daga New London . A watan Yunin 1944, an tura ta makarantar Sojan Ruwa ta Soja. A watan Disamba na shekarar 1944, ta ware daga cikin ayarin motocin da take raka daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Birtaniya don taimaka wa Huron wanda ya yi karo da wani ɗan kasuwa. A ranar 9 ga wata, ta ɗauki sama da Jami'an Tsaron Teku 100 daga cikin jirgin ruwan 'yan sintiri da ya lalace sosai, sannan ta tantance ta yayin da aka ja ta zuwa Bermuda. === Aikin Pacific === Yayin da aka sanya jirgin a Boston a ranar 1 ga Janairun 1945, an faɗaɗa sunanta zuwa '''''Thomas J. Gary''''' . Ta kammala jerin gwanon jiragen ruwanta na ƙarshe a Tekun Atlantika bayan ta isa [[New York (birni)|New York]] a ranar 7 ga Mayu kuma ta shafe sauran watan tana shirin yin hidima a Tekun [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] . Bayan kammala horo a [[Karibiyan|Caribbean]], ta bar ruwan tekun [[Haiti]] a ranar 22 ga Yuni; ta yi tururi - ta hanyar Panama Canal - zuwa gabar yamma; sannan ta bar [[San Diego]] a ranar 12 ga Yuli tare da jerin gwanon zuwa [[Hawaii]] . Ta isa Pearl Harbor a ranar 20 ga Yuli don fara gyara da horo. A ranar 1 ga watan Agusta, ta bar Oahu tare da Rundunar Escort ta 57 ta yi tafiya zuwa Saipan . Bayan ta tsaya na ɗan lokaci a Eniwetok, aka sake tura ta zuwa [[Guam]] ta isa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Apra a ranar 13 ga wata. A wannan rana kuma, ta sake fara aiki; a wannan karon tare da Rundunar Carrier ta 27. Yayin da rundunar ke ci gaba da kai hari zuwa [[Filipin|Philippines]], labarin mika wuyan Japan ya isa jirgin. Bayan isowarta San Pedro Bay a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta, ''Thomas J. Gary'' ya ci gaba da zama a tashar jiragen ruwa har zuwa ranar 29 ga wata lokacin da ta bar Leyte don tantance jiragen sama na Task Group (TG) 77.1 yayin da suke tafiya zuwa Koriya . === Tafiya zuwa Japan === Bob Redmon ya ce "A ƙarshen yaƙin mun kasance ɓangare na rundunar aiki wadda wataƙila ta fi ta D-Day girma. Admiral Kincaid ne ke jagorantar wannan rundunar aiki kuma muna kan hanyarmu ta fara mamaye babban yankin Japan. Yanzu ku fahimci wannan, muna gudanar da rakiya zuwa jirgin ruwan yaƙi California wanda Seaman Gary ya rasa ransa a Pearl Harbor. Har yanzu yana bani haushi. Mun san akwai wani abu da ya taso. Mun bar Okinawa don mamayar. Tunda muna da nisan mil 300 kacal daga gabar tekun Japan, ba mu san dalilin da ya sa aka ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo ba. Tabbas lokacin da muka fara jefa manyan bama-bamai mun fahimta. Har yanzu ina so manyan yaran da aka nutsar a Pearl su sami damar yin jifa da waɗannan inci 16 a bakin teku su ce "kai, 'yan Japs, ga wanda ke nan." musamman California." (LURA: USS California tana da manyan bindigogi masu inci 14, ba inci 16 ba. 16 suna kan jiragen yaƙi na Colorado, North Carolina, South Dakota da Iowa Class) A kan hanyarsu, an karkatar da ƙungiyar aikin zuwa [[Yanayin Taiwan|Formosa]] . Tare da Kwamandan Rundunar Escort ta 57, an naɗa ''Thomas J. Gary'' don ya 'yantar da fursunonin yaƙi na Allied (POW) waɗanda aka tsare a wannan tsibirin. A ranar 3 ga Satumba, ta ɗauki jiragen ruwa 19 daga Block Island waɗanda aka ɗora wa alhakin shirya cikakkun bayanai game da kwashe sojojin. Kwamandan rundunarta shi ma yana da alhakin shirya shirye-shiryen farko don mamaye Formosa. Kafin wayewar gari a ranar 5 ga Satumba a bakin tekun Formosa, an ware ''Thomas J. Gary'' da Kretchmer daga ƙungiyar masu ɗaukar kaya masu rakiya. Masu rakiyar masu lalata ba su da jagororin tafiya don nuna wurin da ma'adanai ke cikin ruwa da ke kewaye da tsibirin. Duk da sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a wasu kwanaki da suka gabata, juriya daga Japan mai tsauri abu ne mai yiwuwa. === Tafiya zuwa New Zealand, da kuma komawa Bahar Rum === Bayan ta sake shiga cikin atisayen "Springboard" na shekara-shekara a shekarar 1965, ta sake komawa bakin aiki, kuma a ranar 30 ga Yuni, ta dakatar da tashar Southern Tip Picket inda ta shafe tsawon lokacin aikinta bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. A ranar 13 ga Satumba, ta bar Newport don yin aiki na tsawon watanni tara a Pacific, wanda ya kai ta ta Panama Canal daga baya a wannan watan kuma ya haɗa da tallafi ga Operation "Deep Freeze," wani balaguron kimiyya zuwa Antarctic . A watan Maris na 1966, ta bar [[New Zealand]] ta yi amfani da ruwa, ta hanyar Suez Canal, zuwa Bahar Rum. Tashoshin jiragen ruwanta a can da kuma gabashin Atlantika sun haɗa da [[Barcelona]], [[Bremen]], [[Kwapanhagan|Copenhagen]], da [[Edinburgh]] . Ta koma Newport a ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1966. ''Thomas J. Gary'' ya sake tashi daga Newport a ranar 24 ga Agusta kuma ya shirya tafiyarsa, ta hanyar Panama Canal da Pago Pago zuwa Dunedin, New Zealand, tashar jiragen ruwa ta sake cikawa yayin da take shiga cikin Operation "Deep Freeze". ''Thomas J. Gary'' yana aiki a matsayin hedikwatar jigilar kayayyaki na Operation "Deepfreeze" kuma ya kasance a shirye don samar da bincike da ceto ga jiragen da suka faɗi. Ta ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ruwan kudu har zuwa ƙarshen 1966. A watan Maris, ta yi waya a [[Perth]], [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] ; sannan ta fara tafiyarta a ranar 23 ga Maris don zuwa Suez Canal. Ta yi waya a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Turai ta dawo Newport a ranar 24 ga Mayu. A ranar 1 ga Yuli, an canza tashar jiragen ruwanta zuwa Key West a hukumance. Bayan ta isa can a ranar 9 ga Yuli, ta taimaka wajen gwada kayan gwaji a lokacin Operation "Combat Keel" a ƙarshen shekarar. A ranar 12 ga Disamba, ta koma Key West don yin gyare-gyare. A shekarar 1968, ta yi aiki a Key West; ta gudanar da horo na musamman daga Guantanamo Bay; kuma a watan Agusta, ta shiga aikin tallafawa aikin harba makamai masu linzami na Polaris ta hanyar jirgin ruwan karkashin ruwa na nukiliya Daniel Webster . Daga baya a shekarar, ta gudanar da ayyuka na musamman a Bahamas kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin jirgin makaranta na Makarantar Fleet Sonar da ke Key West. Bayan ta shiga cikin rundunar "Springboard" a Puerto Rico a farkon shekarar 1970, ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Afrilu kuma ta yi tafiya a kan Tekun Atlantika don ayyukan da suka kai ta [[Ispaniya|Spain]], [[Denmark]], [[Jamus]], da Tsibirin Burtaniya. A wannan aikin, ta taimaka wajen haɓaka sabbin dabaru da dabaru na yaƙin hana ruwa a ƙarƙashin ruwa ta hanyar da ta dace har aka ba ta wani yabo na Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa. Ta koma Key West a ranar 7 ga Satumba kuma ta yi aiki daga wannan tashar zuwa 1972 tana ba da sa ido don tallafawa Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Atlantic. Ta bar Key West a ranar 14 ga Janairun 1972, ta ziyarci Wilhelmshaven; sannan ta dawo ta [[Senegal]] zuwa Amurka. Da ta dawo Key West a watan Maris, ta ci gaba da ayyukan gida daga wannan tashar jiragen ruwa wanda ta ci gaba har zuwa 1973. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] iahj0btnhn0lllf8mr7273moyf9lbbj 0 159233 863609 2026-06-22T05:25:24Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1234794904|Wadi Howar]]" 863609 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wadi Howar''' ( '''Wadi Howa''' ko '''Yellow Nile''' ) wani rafi ne a [[Sudan]] da [[Cadi|Chadi]] . == Yanayin ƙasa == ''Wadi Howar,'' wanda ya samo asali daga yankin Ennedi na [[Cadi|Chadi,]] ya ratsa jihohin Sudan na Arewacin Darfur da Arewa don shiga Kogin Nilu a arewacin [[Nil|babban layin]] da ke gaban Tsohon Dongola . Ya shimfiɗa sama da 1100.&nbsp;km {{Rp|25}}a yammacin gabas ta gefen kudu na [[Hamadar Libya]], yawanci tana karɓar 25&nbsp;mm na ruwan sama a kowace shekara. <ref name="kp">{{Cite journal |last=Kröpelin |first=Stefan |author-link=Stefan Kröpelin |last2=Pachur |first2=Hans-Joachim |year=1987 |title=Wadi Howar: Paleoclimatic Evidence from an Extinct River System in the Southeastern Sahara |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=237 |issue=4812 |pages=298–300 |bibcode=1987Sci...237..298P |doi=10.1126/science.237.4812.298 |pmid=17772057 |s2cid=3894313}}</ref> == Zamanin Holocene == [[Fayil:Nile_Map_Sudan.png|thumb|280x280px|Taswirar magudanar ruwa ta Nilu a Sudan ta zamani]] ''Wadi Howar'' shine ragowar tsohon [[Nil|''kogin Rawaya'']], wani magudanar ruwa na [[Nil|kogin Nilu]] a [[Lokacin zafi na Afirka|lokacin damina na Afirka]] daga kimanin shekaru 9500 zuwa 4500 da suka gabata. A wancan lokacin, dabbobin savanna da masu kiwon shanu sun mamaye wannan yanki kuma gefen kudu na [[Sahara]] yana da kimanin {{Convert|500|km}} arewa fiye da yadda take a yau. <ref name="kp">{{Cite journal |last=Kröpelin |first=Stefan |author-link=Stefan Kröpelin |last2=Pachur |first2=Hans-Joachim |year=1987 |title=Wadi Howar: Paleoclimatic Evidence from an Extinct River System in the Southeastern Sahara |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=237 |issue=4812 |pages=298–300 |bibcode=1987Sci...237..298P |doi=10.1126/science.237.4812.298 |pmid=17772057 |s2cid=3894313}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKröpelinPachur1987">[[Stefan Kröpelin|Kröpelin, Stefan]]; Pachur, Hans-Joachim (1987). "Wadi Howar: Paleoclimatic Evidence from an Extinct River System in the Southeastern Sahara". ''[[Science (journal)|Science]]''. '''237''' (4812): <span class="nowrap">298–</span>300. [[Bibcode (identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987Sci...237..298P 1987Sci...237..298P]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.237.4812.298|10.1126/science.237.4812.298]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17772057 17772057]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:3894313 3894313].</cite></ref> Lokacin da Sahara ta fuskanci [[Kwararar Hamada|hamada]] tsakanin shekaru 6000 zuwa 4000 da suka gabata, rafin ya fara zama jerin tafkuna da dausayi masu tsafta, kamar yadda taswirar duniya ta Ptolemy ta nuna, sannan ya ɓace kimanin shekaru 2000 da suka gabata. {{Rp|28}} == Ilimin kayan tarihi == Wuraren tarihi masu yawa sun tabbatar da ''Wadi Howar'' a matsayin wani yanki da a da ake fifita shi a fannin muhalli da kuma hanyar sadarwa tsakanin yankunan ciki na Afirka da kwarin Nilu. {{Rp|31}}Wurin da aka fi bincike sosai a fannin kayan tarihi a yankin kudu maso gabas shine Gala Abu Ahmed . == Duba kuma == * [[Lokacin zafi na Afirka|Lokacin danshi na Afirka]] * [[Tafkin Ptolemy]] == Manazarta == doq2yq5u249plglwjngczcd92bpfouk 863610 863609 2026-06-22T05:25:52Z Engineer014 44591 863610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Wadi Howar''' ( '''Wadi Howa''' ko '''Yellow Nile''' ) wani rafi ne a [[Sudan]] da [[Cadi|Chadi]] . == Yanayin ƙasa == ''Wadi Howar,'' wanda ya samo asali daga yankin Ennedi na [[Cadi|Chadi,]] ya ratsa jihohin Sudan na Arewacin Darfur da Arewa don shiga Kogin Nilu a arewacin [[Nil|babban layin]] da ke gaban Tsohon Dongola . Ya shimfiɗa sama da 1100.&nbsp;km {{Rp|25}}a yammacin gabas ta gefen kudu na [[Hamadar Libya]], yawanci tana karɓar 25&nbsp;mm na ruwan sama a kowace shekara. <ref name="kp">{{Cite journal |last=Kröpelin |first=Stefan |author-link=Stefan Kröpelin |last2=Pachur |first2=Hans-Joachim |year=1987 |title=Wadi Howar: Paleoclimatic Evidence from an Extinct River System in the Southeastern Sahara |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=237 |issue=4812 |pages=298–300 |bibcode=1987Sci...237..298P |doi=10.1126/science.237.4812.298 |pmid=17772057 |s2cid=3894313}}</ref> == Zamanin Holocene == [[Fayil:Nile_Map_Sudan.png|thumb|280x280px|Taswirar magudanar ruwa ta Nilu a Sudan ta zamani]] ''Wadi Howar'' shine ragowar tsohon [[Nil|''kogin Rawaya'']], wani magudanar ruwa na [[Nil|kogin Nilu]] a [[Lokacin zafi na Afirka|lokacin damina na Afirka]] daga kimanin shekaru 9500 zuwa 4500 da suka gabata. A wancan lokacin, dabbobin savanna da masu kiwon shanu sun mamaye wannan yanki kuma gefen kudu na [[Sahara]] yana da kimanin {{Convert|500|km}} arewa fiye da yadda take a yau. <ref name="kp">{{Cite journal |last=Kröpelin |first=Stefan |author-link=Stefan Kröpelin |last2=Pachur |first2=Hans-Joachim |year=1987 |title=Wadi Howar: Paleoclimatic Evidence from an Extinct River System in the Southeastern Sahara |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=237 |issue=4812 |pages=298–300 |bibcode=1987Sci...237..298P |doi=10.1126/science.237.4812.298 |pmid=17772057 |s2cid=3894313}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKröpelinPachur1987">[[Stefan Kröpelin|Kröpelin, Stefan]]; Pachur, Hans-Joachim (1987). "Wadi Howar: Paleoclimatic Evidence from an Extinct River System in the Southeastern Sahara". ''[[Science (journal)|Science]]''. '''237''' (4812): <span class="nowrap">298–</span>300. [[Bibcode (identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987Sci...237..298P 1987Sci...237..298P]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.237.4812.298|10.1126/science.237.4812.298]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17772057 17772057]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:3894313 3894313].</cite></ref> Lokacin da Sahara ta fuskanci [[Kwararar Hamada|hamada]] tsakanin shekaru 6000 zuwa 4000 da suka gabata, rafin ya fara zama jerin tafkuna da dausayi masu tsafta, kamar yadda taswirar duniya ta Ptolemy ta nuna, sannan ya ɓace kimanin shekaru 2000 da suka gabata. {{Rp|28}} == Ilimin kayan tarihi == Wuraren tarihi masu yawa sun tabbatar da ''Wadi Howar'' a matsayin wani yanki da a da ake fifita shi a fannin muhalli da kuma hanyar sadarwa tsakanin yankunan ciki na Afirka da kwarin Nilu. {{Rp|31}}Wurin da aka fi bincike sosai a fannin kayan tarihi a yankin kudu maso gabas shine Gala Abu Ahmed . == Duba kuma == * [[Lokacin zafi na Afirka|Lokacin danshi na Afirka]] * [[Tafkin Ptolemy]] == Manazarta == lq9d4r96s4ad49b454wupflmxtjkie7 0 159234 863611 2026-06-22T05:27:13Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337763458|USS Lake Arthur]]" 863611 wikitext text/x-wiki Jirgin '''ruwan SS ''Lake Arthur'' (ID-2915)''' wani jirgin ruwa ne mai ɗaukar kaya na Design 1020 wanda ya yi aiki a Hukumar Sufuri ta Sojan Ruwa ta Ƙasashen Waje (NOTS) na Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]] . Da farko an yi odar sa kuma an fara shi da sunan '''SS ''War Plum''''', Hukumar Sufuri ta Amurka (USSB) ta sake masa suna zuwa '''''Tafkin SS Arthur''''' . Bayan hidimarta ta sojan ruwa, ta yi aiki a kasuwanci da sunaye daban-daban, kafin a yi mata ruwan makamai masu guba a Tekun Arewa a watan Nuwamba na 1945. == Sana'a == Gwamnatin Birtaniya ta ba da umarnin a ajiye jirgin, Kamfanin Gina Jiragen Ruwa na Detroit da ke Wyandotte, Michigan, a ƙarƙashin sunan ''War Plum'' . Lokacin da USSB ta buƙaci duk wani jigilar kaya da ake ginawa a Amurka bayan Amurka ta shiga [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]] a watan Afrilun 1917, an sake mata suna ''Tafkin Arthur'', <ref name="NavSource">{{Cite web |last=Radigan |first=Joseph M. |year=2008 |title=Lake Arthur (ID 2915) |url=http://www.navsource.net/archives/12/172915.htm |access-date=29 June 2009 |website=NavSource}}</ref> bayan garin Tafkin Arthur da ke kudu maso yammacin [[Louisiana]] . An ƙaddamar da jirgin a ranar 16 ga Fabrairun 1918, kuma an kammala shi a watan Maris. A ƙarƙashin kulawar USSB, ''Tafkin Arthur'' ya yi tafiya a kan Tekun Atlantika kuma aka ɗauke shi aiki a cikin ayyukan kaya. A lokacin da take [[Brest|Brest, Faransa]], a ranar 17 ga Satumba, 1918, aka mayar da ita Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka kuma aka ba ta aiki a wannan rana ƙarƙashin jagorancin Laftanar Kwamanda Edwin T. Madden, USNRF . An tura ta zuwa NOTS kuma tana ɗaukar shaguna don Sojojin Amurka daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Burtaniya zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Faransa a cikin watanni biyar masu zuwa. A ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 1919, cike da kayan Sojojin Amurka, ''Tafkin Arthur'' ya tashi daga Cardiff ya isa [[Philadelphia]] a ranar 11 ga Maris. A can, an dakatar da ita a ranar 3 ga Afrilu kuma aka mayar da ita zuwa USSB a ranar. Jirgin ruwan USSB ya sayar da ''Tafkin Arthur'' ga Kamfanin [[Richmond-New York Steamship Company]] na [[New York (birni)|New York]] a shekarar 1921. An sake sanya wa jirgin suna ''Virginia Limited'' a shekarar 1923, aka kuma sayar da shi ga Eastern Steamship Lines na Newport News, Virginia, a shekarar 1925. An sayar da jirgin a shekarar 1930 ga Gordon C. Leitch na Middlesbrough, sannan, daga baya a wannan shekarar, ga Helmsing da Grimm na [[Riga]] aka kuma canza masa suna ''Valentine'' . A shekarar da ta biyo baya, Schiffahrts AGNord Ost, na Riga, ya sayi jirgin. A shekarar 1932, Albert Klat na [[Alexandria]] ya sayi jirgin ya kuma sake masa suna ''Sesostris'' . <ref name="NavSource" /> A shekarar 1935, Hanseatische Reederei Emil Offen & Co. na [[Hamburg]] ta sayi jirgin, kuma ta ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ikon Jamus har zuwa ƙarshen [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . 'Yan Birtaniya sun kama ''Sesotris'' a [[Kiel]] a watan Mayu na 1945. Bayan an ɗora mata kayan makamai masu guba, an tuƙa ''Sesotris'' zuwa mashigin Skagerrak a Tekun Arewa kuma aka yi mata ƙwanƙwasa a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1945. <ref name="NavSource">{{Cite web |last=Radigan |first=Joseph M. |year=2008 |title=Lake Arthur (ID 2915) |url=http://www.navsource.net/archives/12/172915.htm |access-date=29 June 2009 |website=NavSource}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRadigan2008">Radigan, Joseph M. (2008). </cite></ref> == Manazarta == fc93ii6novfbij2p9azz4vyd8wu8wn1 863613 863611 2026-06-22T05:27:35Z Engineer014 44591 863613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Jirgin '''ruwan SS ''Lake Arthur'' (ID-2915)''' wani jirgin ruwa ne mai ɗaukar kaya na Design 1020 wanda ya yi aiki a Hukumar Sufuri ta Sojan Ruwa ta Ƙasashen Waje (NOTS) na Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]] . Da farko an yi odar sa kuma an fara shi da sunan '''SS ''War Plum''''', Hukumar Sufuri ta Amurka (USSB) ta sake masa suna zuwa '''''Tafkin SS Arthur''''' . Bayan hidimarta ta sojan ruwa, ta yi aiki a kasuwanci da sunaye daban-daban, kafin a yi mata ruwan makamai masu guba a Tekun Arewa a watan Nuwamba na 1945. == Sana'a == Gwamnatin Birtaniya ta ba da umarnin a ajiye jirgin, Kamfanin Gina Jiragen Ruwa na Detroit da ke Wyandotte, Michigan, a ƙarƙashin sunan ''War Plum'' . Lokacin da USSB ta buƙaci duk wani jigilar kaya da ake ginawa a Amurka bayan Amurka ta shiga [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]] a watan Afrilun 1917, an sake mata suna ''Tafkin Arthur'', <ref name="NavSource">{{Cite web |last=Radigan |first=Joseph M. |year=2008 |title=Lake Arthur (ID 2915) |url=http://www.navsource.net/archives/12/172915.htm |access-date=29 June 2009 |website=NavSource}}</ref> bayan garin Tafkin Arthur da ke kudu maso yammacin [[Louisiana]] . An ƙaddamar da jirgin a ranar 16 ga Fabrairun 1918, kuma an kammala shi a watan Maris. A ƙarƙashin kulawar USSB, ''Tafkin Arthur'' ya yi tafiya a kan Tekun Atlantika kuma aka ɗauke shi aiki a cikin ayyukan kaya. A lokacin da take [[Brest|Brest, Faransa]], a ranar 17 ga Satumba, 1918, aka mayar da ita Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka kuma aka ba ta aiki a wannan rana ƙarƙashin jagorancin Laftanar Kwamanda Edwin T. Madden, USNRF . An tura ta zuwa NOTS kuma tana ɗaukar shaguna don Sojojin Amurka daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Burtaniya zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Faransa a cikin watanni biyar masu zuwa. A ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 1919, cike da kayan Sojojin Amurka, ''Tafkin Arthur'' ya tashi daga Cardiff ya isa [[Philadelphia]] a ranar 11 ga Maris. A can, an dakatar da ita a ranar 3 ga Afrilu kuma aka mayar da ita zuwa USSB a ranar. Jirgin ruwan USSB ya sayar da ''Tafkin Arthur'' ga Kamfanin [[Richmond-New York Steamship Company]] na [[New York (birni)|New York]] a shekarar 1921. An sake sanya wa jirgin suna ''Virginia Limited'' a shekarar 1923, aka kuma sayar da shi ga Eastern Steamship Lines na Newport News, Virginia, a shekarar 1925. An sayar da jirgin a shekarar 1930 ga Gordon C. Leitch na Middlesbrough, sannan, daga baya a wannan shekarar, ga Helmsing da Grimm na [[Riga]] aka kuma canza masa suna ''Valentine'' . A shekarar da ta biyo baya, Schiffahrts AGNord Ost, na Riga, ya sayi jirgin. A shekarar 1932, Albert Klat na [[Alexandria]] ya sayi jirgin ya kuma sake masa suna ''Sesostris'' . <ref name="NavSource" /> A shekarar 1935, Hanseatische Reederei Emil Offen & Co. na [[Hamburg]] ta sayi jirgin, kuma ta ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ikon Jamus har zuwa ƙarshen [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . 'Yan Birtaniya sun kama ''Sesotris'' a [[Kiel]] a watan Mayu na 1945. Bayan an ɗora mata kayan makamai masu guba, an tuƙa ''Sesotris'' zuwa mashigin Skagerrak a Tekun Arewa kuma aka yi mata ƙwanƙwasa a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba, 1945. <ref name="NavSource">{{Cite web |last=Radigan |first=Joseph M. |year=2008 |title=Lake Arthur (ID 2915) |url=http://www.navsource.net/archives/12/172915.htm |access-date=29 June 2009 |website=NavSource}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRadigan2008">Radigan, Joseph M. (2008). </cite></ref> == Manazarta == qu9y37m3r2h0oqg857k650we6mtjaa4 0 159235 863614 2026-06-22T05:29:05Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354892529|MV Magd]]" 863614 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Magd''''' wani jirgin ruwa ne da Sir J. Laing & Sons ya gina a shekarar 1943 a matsayin '''''Empire Gain''''' na Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Yaƙi . An sayar da ita ga [[Shell|Kamfanin Man Fetur na Anglo-Saxon]] a shekarar 1946 kuma aka sake mata suna '''''Barbatia''''' . An sayar da ita ga Shell Tankers Ltd a shekarar 1955, Masar kuma ta kwace ta a watan Nuwamba na 1956 a lokacin rikicin Suez . An ba ta izinin Hukumar Man Fetur ta Masar a shekarar 1956, aka kuma sake mata suna ''Magd'' . A shekarar 1961, aka ba ta izinin Kamfanin Maritime na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Jiragen saman Isra'ila sun kai hari kan ''Magd'' kuma suka nutsar da ita a ranar 8 ga Yuni, 1967 a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida . An share jirgin ruwanta a shekarar 1975. == Bayani == Jirgin ya kasance {{Convert|357|ft|6|in|m|2}} tsayi gabaɗaya ( {{Convert|343|ft|5|in|m|2}} tsakanin perpendiculars) tare da katako na {{Convert|48|ft|3|in|m|2}} . Tana da zurfin {{Convert|26|ft|9|in|m|2}} da kuma zane na {{Convert|26|ft|5|in|m|2}} . Tana da injinan dizal guda biyu masu bugun biyu . Kowannensu yana da silinda uku na diamita ta bugun jini kuma an kimanta shi a 516 nhp . William Doxford &amp;amp; Sons, [[Sunderland]] ne suka gina injinan. == Tarihi == ''Empire Gain'' wani jirgin ruwa ne da Sir J. Laing & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, ya gina. Na Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Yaƙi . {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} An ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1943 kuma an kammala ta a watan Satumba. <ref name="EG">{{Cite web |title=Empire Gain |url=http://sunderlandships.com/view.php?ref=102476 |access-date=27 October 2024 |publisher=Shipping and Shipbuilding Research Trust}}</ref> An gudanar da ita a ƙarƙashin kulawar Hadley Shipping Co. Ltd. Tashar jiragen ruwanta ta Sunderland ce. An ware wasiƙun Lambobin GBYV da Lambar Hukuma ta Burtaniya 169121. A shekarar 1946, an sayar da ''Empire Gain'' ga [[Shell|Kamfanin Man Fetur na Anglo-Saxon]], aka kuma sake masa suna ''Barbita'' . An sayar da ita ga Kamfanin Shell Tankers Ltd. a shekarar 1955, kuma an gudanar da ita a ƙarƙashin kulawar Kamfanin Shell Petroleum Co. Ltd. A watan Nuwamban 1956, Masar ta kwace ''Barbita'' a lokacin rikicin Suez . {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} A shekarar 1957, an ware ''Barbita'' ga Hukumar Man Fetur ta Masar kuma aka sake mata suna ''Magd'' . {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} An ware wa Barbita SUBM na Haruffan Lambobi. <ref name="LR68">{{Cite journal |year=1968 |title=Register of Ships M-Z |url=https://archive.org/details/HECROS1968MZ/page/13/mode/1up |journal=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |location=London |publisher=Lloyd's |access-date=27 October 2024}}</ref> An ware ta ga Kamfanin Jiragen Ruwa na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a shekarar 1961. {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} Jiragen Isra'ila sun kai mata hari suka nutse ta a ƙarshen kudu na mashigin Suez a ranar 8 ga Yuni, a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida . {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} [[Fayil:German_floating_cranes_raise_ship_in_the_Suez_Canal_1974.jpg|thumb|''Roland'' da ''Thor'' suna share wani hatsari a magudanar ruwa ta Suez, 1975.]] Jiragen ceto na ''Roland'' da ''Thor'' sun share jirgin ruwanta a shekarar 1974 a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin sake buɗe magudanar ruwa . {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} ''Magd'' ta kwanta a gefen jirgin samanta a matsayi mai nisan {{Convert|159.90|km|mi}} daga [[Port Said]] . An yanke jirgin ruwan biyu da abubuwan fashewa a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba. An cire sashin baya a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba da kuma sashin baka a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba. Kamfanin Murphy Pacific Marine Salvage Company ne ya gudanar da aikin a karkashin jagorancin Mai Kula da Salvage, Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka . <ref name="Clearance">{{Cite web |date=May 1975 |title=Final Report. Suez Canal Clearance Operation. Task Force 65 |url=https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ADA010261.pdf |access-date=27 October 2024 |publisher=Department of the Navy}}</ref> == Manazarta == cwjsjgbc7se8usjkarq9sgm46ew1g86 863616 863614 2026-06-22T05:29:28Z Engineer014 44591 863616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Magd''''' wani jirgin ruwa ne da Sir J. Laing & Sons ya gina a shekarar 1943 a matsayin '''''Empire Gain''''' na Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Yaƙi . An sayar da ita ga [[Shell|Kamfanin Man Fetur na Anglo-Saxon]] a shekarar 1946 kuma aka sake mata suna '''''Barbatia''''' . An sayar da ita ga Shell Tankers Ltd a shekarar 1955, Masar kuma ta kwace ta a watan Nuwamba na 1956 a lokacin rikicin Suez . An ba ta izinin Hukumar Man Fetur ta Masar a shekarar 1956, aka kuma sake mata suna ''Magd'' . A shekarar 1961, aka ba ta izinin Kamfanin Maritime na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Jiragen saman Isra'ila sun kai hari kan ''Magd'' kuma suka nutsar da ita a ranar 8 ga Yuni, 1967 a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida . An share jirgin ruwanta a shekarar 1975. == Bayani == Jirgin ya kasance {{Convert|357|ft|6|in|m|2}} tsayi gabaɗaya ( {{Convert|343|ft|5|in|m|2}} tsakanin perpendiculars) tare da katako na {{Convert|48|ft|3|in|m|2}} . Tana da zurfin {{Convert|26|ft|9|in|m|2}} da kuma zane na {{Convert|26|ft|5|in|m|2}} . Tana da injinan dizal guda biyu masu bugun biyu . Kowannensu yana da silinda uku na diamita ta bugun jini kuma an kimanta shi a 516 nhp . William Doxford &amp;amp; Sons, [[Sunderland]] ne suka gina injinan. == Tarihi == ''Empire Gain'' wani jirgin ruwa ne da Sir J. Laing & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, ya gina. Na Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Yaƙi . {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} An ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1943 kuma an kammala ta a watan Satumba. <ref name="EG">{{Cite web |title=Empire Gain |url=http://sunderlandships.com/view.php?ref=102476 |access-date=27 October 2024 |publisher=Shipping and Shipbuilding Research Trust}}</ref> An gudanar da ita a ƙarƙashin kulawar Hadley Shipping Co. Ltd. Tashar jiragen ruwanta ta Sunderland ce. An ware wasiƙun Lambobin GBYV da Lambar Hukuma ta Burtaniya 169121. A shekarar 1946, an sayar da ''Empire Gain'' ga [[Shell|Kamfanin Man Fetur na Anglo-Saxon]], aka kuma sake masa suna ''Barbita'' . An sayar da ita ga Kamfanin Shell Tankers Ltd. a shekarar 1955, kuma an gudanar da ita a ƙarƙashin kulawar Kamfanin Shell Petroleum Co. Ltd. A watan Nuwamban 1956, Masar ta kwace ''Barbita'' a lokacin rikicin Suez . {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} A shekarar 1957, an ware ''Barbita'' ga Hukumar Man Fetur ta Masar kuma aka sake mata suna ''Magd'' . {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} An ware wa Barbita SUBM na Haruffan Lambobi. <ref name="LR68">{{Cite journal |year=1968 |title=Register of Ships M-Z |url=https://archive.org/details/HECROS1968MZ/page/13/mode/1up |journal=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |location=London |publisher=Lloyd's |access-date=27 October 2024}}</ref> An ware ta ga Kamfanin Jiragen Ruwa na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a shekarar 1961. {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} Jiragen Isra'ila sun kai mata hari suka nutse ta a ƙarshen kudu na mashigin Suez a ranar 8 ga Yuni, a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida . {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} [[Fayil:German_floating_cranes_raise_ship_in_the_Suez_Canal_1974.jpg|thumb|''Roland'' da ''Thor'' suna share wani hatsari a magudanar ruwa ta Suez, 1975.]] Jiragen ceto na ''Roland'' da ''Thor'' sun share jirgin ruwanta a shekarar 1974 a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin sake buɗe magudanar ruwa . {{Sfn|Mitchell|Sawyer|1990}} ''Magd'' ta kwanta a gefen jirgin samanta a matsayi mai nisan {{Convert|159.90|km|mi}} daga [[Port Said]] . An yanke jirgin ruwan biyu da abubuwan fashewa a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba. An cire sashin baya a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba da kuma sashin baka a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba. Kamfanin Murphy Pacific Marine Salvage Company ne ya gudanar da aikin a karkashin jagorancin Mai Kula da Salvage, Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka . <ref name="Clearance">{{Cite web |date=May 1975 |title=Final Report. Suez Canal Clearance Operation. Task Force 65 |url=https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ADA010261.pdf |access-date=27 October 2024 |publisher=Department of the Navy}}</ref> == Manazarta == 66ovkp9e7rliwlb0r95w3dojegrhkfz 0 159236 863618 2026-06-22T05:30:40Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330585466|Thalamegos]]" 863618 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Thalamegos''''' (jam'i: ''Thalamegoi'' ) wani nau'in jirgin ruwa ne na gida, [[Jirgin Ruwa na Alfarma|jirgin ruwa]], ko jirgin ruwa, wanda galibi ake samu a Kogin Nilu, Masar. {{Sfn|Casson|1986}} {{Sfn|Callegaro|2019}} An yi amfani da su a matsayin jigilar kaya da jirgin ruwa . Mafi shahara kuma mafi girma thalamegos shine babban jirgin ruwa mai hawa biyu, wani jirgin ruwa mai hawa biyu na fadar [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] wanda sarki Ptolemy na IV Philopator na Hellene ya ba shi umarni don kansa da matarsa Arsinoe III ''kimanin'' 200 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. {{Sfn|Casson|1986}} {{Sfn|Callegaro|2019}} == Asalin Ma'anar == Sunan ya fito daga Ancient Greek (mai ɗaukar ɗaki) daga Girkanci ''Thalamos'' wanda ke nufin ɗaki da ''Ago'' wanda ke nufin ja/ɗauka/gubar. {{Sfn|Callegaro|2019}} == Bayani da rawar da ya taka == Saboda shaharar thalamegos na Ptolemy IV, yawanci ana siffanta su da jiragen ruwa na fada ko kuma gidajen sarauta masu iyo. Callegaro ya nuna cewa sunan yana nufin wani nau'in jirgin ruwa na wancan lokacin. Appian ya rubuta cewa Ptolemy II Philadelphus yana da thalamegoi 800 waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don aikin soja. Wasu ana amfani da su don yin yawo a kogin Nilu don harkokin kasuwanci na gwamnati da bukukuwan addini. Akwai kuma thalamegoi da aka tsara a matsayin kayan jin daɗi da jigilar kaya. {{Sfn|Callegaro|2019}} == Thalamegos na Ptolemy na IV == Callixenus na Rhodes ya bayyana jirgin Philopator a cikin ''Peri Alexandreias'' :<blockquote>Thalamegos suna da tsawon rabin filin wasa, kuma faɗinsa ya kai faɗin kamu 30. Tsayinsa, gami da tsarin rumfar, ya kai kusan kamu 40. [...] Siffarsa ba ta yi kama da jiragen yaƙi ko jiragen kasuwanci ba amma an canza ta don dacewa da zurfin kogin. Don haka, ɓangaren ƙasan bai yi zurfi ba kuma yana da tsayi sosai. Sassan sama, musamman na baka, sun miƙe sosai, kuma lanƙwasarsa an gano ta sosai. Yana da baka biyu da kuma bayansa biyu, kuma yana tashi zuwa sama domin a cikin kogin raƙuman ruwa sukan tashi sama sosai. A cikin tsakiyar ramin, an gina ɗakunan liyafa, ɗakunan kwana, da duk wani abu da ake buƙata don rayuwar yau da kullun. [...] Kusa da bakan, an ga wani ɗaki da aka keɓe wa Dionysos; yana ɗauke da kujeru goma sha uku kuma an kewaye shi da layuka na ginshiƙai. Yana da cornice wanda aka yi wa ado da zinare har zuwa ga kayan tarihi na kewaye; an yi wa rufin ado daidai da ruhun allahn. A cikin wannan ɗakin, a gefen dama, an gina wani wuri, wanda aka rufe shi gaba ɗaya da zinare na gaske da duwatsu masu daraja don ya yi kama da bangon dutse. An lulluɓe shi da siffofi na gidan sarauta waɗanda aka yi da marmara na Parian. {{Sfn|Callegaro|2019}}</blockquote> == Manazarta == k74p6zssvhfoml1eesztwdmitnu9c5m 863619 863618 2026-06-22T05:31:04Z Engineer014 44591 863619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Thalamegos''''' (jam'i: ''Thalamegoi'' ) wani nau'in jirgin ruwa ne na gida, [[Jirgin Ruwa na Alfarma|jirgin ruwa]], ko jirgin ruwa, wanda galibi ake samu a Kogin Nilu, Masar. {{Sfn|Casson|1986}} {{Sfn|Callegaro|2019}} An yi amfani da su a matsayin jigilar kaya da jirgin ruwa . Mafi shahara kuma mafi girma thalamegos shine babban jirgin ruwa mai hawa biyu, wani jirgin ruwa mai hawa biyu na fadar [[Nil|Kogin Nilu]] wanda sarki Ptolemy na IV Philopator na Hellene ya ba shi umarni don kansa da matarsa Arsinoe III ''kimanin'' 200 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. {{Sfn|Casson|1986}} {{Sfn|Callegaro|2019}} == Asalin Ma'anar == Sunan ya fito daga Ancient Greek (mai ɗaukar ɗaki) daga Girkanci ''Thalamos'' wanda ke nufin ɗaki da ''Ago'' wanda ke nufin ja/ɗauka/gubar. {{Sfn|Callegaro|2019}} == Bayani da rawar da ya taka == Saboda shaharar thalamegos na Ptolemy IV, yawanci ana siffanta su da jiragen ruwa na fada ko kuma gidajen sarauta masu iyo. Callegaro ya nuna cewa sunan yana nufin wani nau'in jirgin ruwa na wancan lokacin. Appian ya rubuta cewa Ptolemy II Philadelphus yana da thalamegoi 800 waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don aikin soja. Wasu ana amfani da su don yin yawo a kogin Nilu don harkokin kasuwanci na gwamnati da bukukuwan addini. Akwai kuma thalamegoi da aka tsara a matsayin kayan jin daɗi da jigilar kaya. {{Sfn|Callegaro|2019}} == Thalamegos na Ptolemy na IV == Callixenus na Rhodes ya bayyana jirgin Philopator a cikin ''Peri Alexandreias'' :<blockquote>Thalamegos suna da tsawon rabin filin wasa, kuma faɗinsa ya kai faɗin kamu 30. Tsayinsa, gami da tsarin rumfar, ya kai kusan kamu 40. [...] Siffarsa ba ta yi kama da jiragen yaƙi ko jiragen kasuwanci ba amma an canza ta don dacewa da zurfin kogin. Don haka, ɓangaren ƙasan bai yi zurfi ba kuma yana da tsayi sosai. Sassan sama, musamman na baka, sun miƙe sosai, kuma lanƙwasarsa an gano ta sosai. Yana da baka biyu da kuma bayansa biyu, kuma yana tashi zuwa sama domin a cikin kogin raƙuman ruwa sukan tashi sama sosai. A cikin tsakiyar ramin, an gina ɗakunan liyafa, ɗakunan kwana, da duk wani abu da ake buƙata don rayuwar yau da kullun. [...] Kusa da bakan, an ga wani ɗaki da aka keɓe wa Dionysos; yana ɗauke da kujeru goma sha uku kuma an kewaye shi da layuka na ginshiƙai. Yana da cornice wanda aka yi wa ado da zinare har zuwa ga kayan tarihi na kewaye; an yi wa rufin ado daidai da ruhun allahn. A cikin wannan ɗakin, a gefen dama, an gina wani wuri, wanda aka rufe shi gaba ɗaya da zinare na gaske da duwatsu masu daraja don ya yi kama da bangon dutse. An lulluɓe shi da siffofi na gidan sarauta waɗanda aka yi da marmara na Parian. {{Sfn|Callegaro|2019}}</blockquote> == Manazarta == 3zh6xvjsxx99naakei5wajw0v4m62mc 0 159237 863625 2026-06-22T05:36:17Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1316275971|Tessarakonteres]]" 863625 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Tessarakonteres''''' ( Greek , "mai hawa arba'in"), ko kuma kawai " '''arba'in''' ", babban jirgin ruwa ne mai kama da jirgin ruwa mai kama da jirgin ruwa da aka ruwaito an gina shi a zamanin Hellenistic ta Ptolemy IV Philopator na Masar . An bayyana shi ta hanyar wasu tsoffin majiyoyi, ciki har da wani aikin da Callixenus na Rhodes ya yi da kuma rubuce-rubucen da suka tsira daga Athenaeus da Plutarch . A cewar waɗannan bayanin, wanda bincike na zamani ya goyi bayansa, girman jirgin ya sa ya zama mara amfani kuma an gina shi ne kawai a matsayin jirgin ruwa mai daraja, maimakon jirgin yaƙi mai tasiri. Sunan "arba'in" ba yana nufin adadin matuƙa ba, amma ga adadin matuƙan jirgin ruwa a kan kowane "shafi" na matuƙan jiragen ruwa a tsaye waɗanda ke tuƙa shi, kuma a girman da aka bayyana, zai iya zama babban jirgin ruwa da aka gina a zamanin da, kuma wataƙila babban jirgin ruwa mai amfani da ɗan adam da aka taɓa ginawa. == Majiyoyi == [[Fayil:Octadrachm_Ptolemy_IV_BM_CMBMC33.jpg|thumb|Ptolemy na Huɗu, wanda ya ba da umarnin gina jirgin]] An ruwaito cewa Ptolemy IV Philopator na Masar ne ya gina "arba'in" a ƙarni na 3 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. Callixenus na zamaninsa na Rhodes ne ya fara bayyana shi a cikin ''Peri Alexandreias'' da ya ɓace. A farkon ƙarni na 3 bayan haihuwar Annabi Isa, Athenaeus ya ambato wannan a cikin littafinsa na ''Deipnosophistae'' . <ref name="athenaeus">{{Cite book|last3=Athenaeus}}</ref> {{Cquote|Philopator built a ship with forty ranks of rowers, being two hundred and eighty [[Cubit#Ancient Greece|cubits]] long and thirty-eight cubits from one side to the other; and in height up to the [[gunwale]] it was forty-eight cubits; and from the highest part of the stern to the water-line was fifty-three cubits; and it had four rudders, each thirty cubits long&nbsp;... And the ship had two heads and two sterns, and seven [[naval ram|beaks]]&nbsp;... And when it put to sea it held more than four thousand rowers, and four hundred supernumeraries; and on the deck were three thousand marines, or at least two thousand eight hundred and fifty. And besides all these there was another large body of men under the decks, and a vast quantity of provisions and supplies.}} Plutarch, wanda ya rubuta a ƙarshen ƙarni na 1 AD, ya kuma ambaci wannan babban jirgin ruwa a cikin littafinsa ''Life of Demetrius'', wani ɓangare na jerin ''Parallel Lives'', yana jayayya ko kuma ya yi kuskuren ambato kaɗan game da tsayin zuwa saman gefen, wanda ya ruwaito a matsayin kamu arba'in da takwas: <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Plutarch}}</ref> Jirgin ruwan trireme, wani jirgin ruwa mai matsayi uku tare da mutum ɗaya a kowace matuƙi, shine babban jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Hellene har zuwa ƙarni na 4 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS). A wancan lokacin, buƙatar jiragen ruwa masu nauyi ya haifar da haɓaka "polyremes" ma'ana "matuƙa da yawa", wanda aka yi amfani da shi ga "huɗu" ( ''tetre-'' in Greek, ''quadri-'' in Latin) ko fiye da "fives" ( ''penta-'' in Greek, ''quinque-'' in Latin) daga baya kuma har zuwa "goma", mafi girma wanda da alama an yi amfani da shi a yaƙi. <ref name="desfor">{{Cite book|last=Philip Sabin|url-status=Michael Whitby}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|last3=John Sinclair Morrison}}</ref> ] An gina manyan polyremes, inda Ptolemy II Philadelphus daga ƙarshe ya gina "ashirin" da "talatin", kuma Ptolemy IV Philopator ya gina "arba'in". <ref name="desfor" /> Matsakaicin adadin ma'aunin jirgin ruwa da jirgin ruwa zai iya samu ta hanyar dabaru shine uku ( ''Tri-'' na Girka da Latin). <ref name="desfor">{{Cite book|last=Philip Sabin|url-status=Michael Whitby}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPhilip_de_Souza2007">Philip de Souza (2007). "B. Naval Forces". In [[Philip Sabin]]; Hans van Wees; [[Michael Whitby]] (eds.). [https://books.google.com/books?id=2Xv4mSaTmYMC&pg=PA357 ''The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare, Volume 1'']. [[Cambridge University Press]]. p.&nbsp;357. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0521782739|<bdi>978-0521782739</bdi>]].</cite></ref> <ref name="desfor" /> <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Lionel Casson}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Lionel Casson}}</ref>, lambar da ke cikin sunan nau'in ba ta sake nufin adadin ma'aunin ... Azuzuwan jirgin ruwa na iya bambanta a tsarinsu tsakanin yankuna da kuma tsawon lokaci, amma a kowane hali jirgin "huɗu" bai sami matsayi huɗu na madaukai a kwance ba. == Manazarta == 2ddbmdxevbhu3qjtx2l8wtxjvw5h9zb 863627 863625 2026-06-22T05:36:47Z Engineer014 44591 863627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Tessarakonteres''''' ( Greek , "mai hawa arba'in"), ko kuma kawai " '''arba'in''' ", babban jirgin ruwa ne mai kama da jirgin ruwa mai kama da jirgin ruwa da aka ruwaito an gina shi a zamanin Hellenistic ta Ptolemy IV Philopator na Masar . An bayyana shi ta hanyar wasu tsoffin majiyoyi, ciki har da wani aikin da Callixenus na Rhodes ya yi da kuma rubuce-rubucen da suka tsira daga Athenaeus da Plutarch . A cewar waɗannan bayanin, wanda bincike na zamani ya goyi bayansa, girman jirgin ya sa ya zama mara amfani kuma an gina shi ne kawai a matsayin jirgin ruwa mai daraja, maimakon jirgin yaƙi mai tasiri. Sunan "arba'in" ba yana nufin adadin matuƙa ba, amma ga adadin matuƙan jirgin ruwa a kan kowane "shafi" na matuƙan jiragen ruwa a tsaye waɗanda ke tuƙa shi, kuma a girman da aka bayyana, zai iya zama babban jirgin ruwa da aka gina a zamanin da, kuma wataƙila babban jirgin ruwa mai amfani da ɗan adam da aka taɓa ginawa. == Majiyoyi == [[Fayil:Octadrachm_Ptolemy_IV_BM_CMBMC33.jpg|thumb|Ptolemy na Huɗu, wanda ya ba da umarnin gina jirgin]] An ruwaito cewa Ptolemy IV Philopator na Masar ne ya gina "arba'in" a ƙarni na 3 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. Callixenus na zamaninsa na Rhodes ne ya fara bayyana shi a cikin ''Peri Alexandreias'' da ya ɓace. A farkon ƙarni na 3 bayan haihuwar Annabi Isa, Athenaeus ya ambato wannan a cikin littafinsa na ''Deipnosophistae'' . <ref name="athenaeus">{{Cite book|last3=Athenaeus}}</ref> {{Cquote|Philopator built a ship with forty ranks of rowers, being two hundred and eighty [[Cubit#Ancient Greece|cubits]] long and thirty-eight cubits from one side to the other; and in height up to the [[gunwale]] it was forty-eight cubits; and from the highest part of the stern to the water-line was fifty-three cubits; and it had four rudders, each thirty cubits long&nbsp;... And the ship had two heads and two sterns, and seven [[naval ram|beaks]]&nbsp;... And when it put to sea it held more than four thousand rowers, and four hundred supernumeraries; and on the deck were three thousand marines, or at least two thousand eight hundred and fifty. And besides all these there was another large body of men under the decks, and a vast quantity of provisions and supplies.}} Plutarch, wanda ya rubuta a ƙarshen ƙarni na 1 AD, ya kuma ambaci wannan babban jirgin ruwa a cikin littafinsa ''Life of Demetrius'', wani ɓangare na jerin ''Parallel Lives'', yana jayayya ko kuma ya yi kuskuren ambato kaɗan game da tsayin zuwa saman gefen, wanda ya ruwaito a matsayin kamu arba'in da takwas: <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Plutarch}}</ref> Jirgin ruwan trireme, wani jirgin ruwa mai matsayi uku tare da mutum ɗaya a kowace matuƙi, shine babban jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Hellene har zuwa ƙarni na 4 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS). A wancan lokacin, buƙatar jiragen ruwa masu nauyi ya haifar da haɓaka "polyremes" ma'ana "matuƙa da yawa", wanda aka yi amfani da shi ga "huɗu" ( ''tetre-'' in Greek, ''quadri-'' in Latin) ko fiye da "fives" ( ''penta-'' in Greek, ''quinque-'' in Latin) daga baya kuma har zuwa "goma", mafi girma wanda da alama an yi amfani da shi a yaƙi. <ref name="desfor">{{Cite book|last=Philip Sabin|url-status=Michael Whitby}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|last3=John Sinclair Morrison}}</ref> ] An gina manyan polyremes, inda Ptolemy II Philadelphus daga ƙarshe ya gina "ashirin" da "talatin", kuma Ptolemy IV Philopator ya gina "arba'in". <ref name="desfor" /> Matsakaicin adadin ma'aunin jirgin ruwa da jirgin ruwa zai iya samu ta hanyar dabaru shine uku ( ''Tri-'' na Girka da Latin). <ref name="desfor">{{Cite book|last=Philip Sabin|url-status=Michael Whitby}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPhilip_de_Souza2007">Philip de Souza (2007). "B. Naval Forces". In [[Philip Sabin]]; Hans van Wees; [[Michael Whitby]] (eds.). [https://books.google.com/books?id=2Xv4mSaTmYMC&pg=PA357 ''The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare, Volume 1'']. [[Cambridge University Press]]. p.&nbsp;357. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0521782739|<bdi>978-0521782739</bdi>]].</cite></ref> <ref name="desfor" /> <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Lionel Casson}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|last3=Lionel Casson}}</ref>, lambar da ke cikin sunan nau'in ba ta sake nufin adadin ma'aunin ... Azuzuwan jirgin ruwa na iya bambanta a tsarinsu tsakanin yankuna da kuma tsawon lokaci, amma a kowane hali jirgin "huɗu" bai sami matsayi huɗu na madaukai a kwance ba. == Manazarta == msnrvlxqu8iujw87siufggnt6347fdt 0 159238 863629 2026-06-22T05:37:56Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340472386|Brothers Islands Lighthouse]]" 863629 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hasumiyar Hasken 'Yan Tsibirin 'Yan'uwa''' wani hasumiyar haske ce mai aiki a ƙarni na 19 da ke kan 'Yan'uwa, Masar, wani tsibiri a [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]], 65&nbsp;kilomita gabashin al-Qusayr . An gina hasumiyar wutar lantarkin ne a shekarar 1883 kuma aka gyara ta a shekarar 1993, kuma rundunar sojin ruwan Masar ce ke kula da ita. Wurin galibi a buɗe yake ga baƙi waɗanda aka saba ba su izinin hawa {{Convert|31|m|ft|-high}}hasumiya <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2015-06-18 |title=The Brothers Islands Lighthouse |url=http://www.redseariviera.info/en/To-Know/The-Brothers-Islands-Lighthouse-Red-Sea |access-date=2015-11-03 |publisher=Redseariviera.info}}</ref> Hasken wutar har yanzu yana riƙe da na'urar hangen nesa ta Chance Brothers Fresnel da aka yi da hannu, wanda ke buƙatar masu kula da hasken wutar lantarki su juya shi duk bayan sa'o'i huɗu. == Manazarta == thg1wnnwcct6563iyb0ofhajsbjw4z1 863630 863629 2026-06-22T05:38:24Z Engineer014 44591 863630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hasumiyar Hasken 'Yan Tsibirin 'Yan'uwa''' wani hasumiyar haske ce mai aiki a ƙarni na 19 da ke kan 'Yan'uwa, Masar, wani tsibiri a [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]], 65&nbsp;kilomita gabashin al-Qusayr . An gina hasumiyar wutar lantarkin ne a shekarar 1883 kuma aka gyara ta a shekarar 1993, kuma rundunar sojin ruwan Masar ce ke kula da ita. Wurin galibi a buɗe yake ga baƙi waɗanda aka saba ba su izinin hawa {{Convert|31|m|ft|-high}}hasumiya <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2015-06-18 |title=The Brothers Islands Lighthouse |url=http://www.redseariviera.info/en/To-Know/The-Brothers-Islands-Lighthouse-Red-Sea |access-date=2015-11-03 |publisher=Redseariviera.info}}</ref> Hasken wutar har yanzu yana riƙe da na'urar hangen nesa ta Chance Brothers Fresnel da aka yi da hannu, wanda ke buƙatar masu kula da hasken wutar lantarki su juya shi duk bayan sa'o'i huɗu. == Manazarta == rxrvehb8b3b9hthrag3khtcs6ayioyd 0 159239 863634 2026-06-22T05:40:09Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350562967|Khufu ship]]" 863634 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jirgin Khufu''' wani babban jirgin ruwa ne mai cike da hasken rana daga [[tsohuwar Masar]] . An rufe shi a cikin rami kusa da Babban Dala na Fir'auna Khufu a kusan shekara ta 2500 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS), a lokacin Daular Huɗu ta [[Tsohuwar Masarautar Masar|Tsohon]] Masar. Kamar sauran jiragen ruwan Masar na dā da aka binne, yana cikin manyan kayan kaburbura da aka yi niyya don amfani da su a lahira . Jirgin ruwan Khufu yana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa mafi tsufa, mafi girma, kuma mafi kyawun kiyayewa tun zamanin da. Tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|43.4|m|ft}}tsayin ƙafa , {{Convert|5.9|m|ft}}Faɗin , kuma zurfin mita 1.78 (ƙafa 5.83), kuma ita ce jirgin ruwa mafi tsufa a duniya da babu matsala. An bayyana shi a matsayin "wani babban aikin fasahar katako" wanda zai iya tafiya a yau idan aka saka shi a cikin tafki ko kogi. An adana jirgin a gidan adana kayan tarihi na Giza Solar Boat, amma an mayar da shi zuwa Babban Gidan Tarihi na Masar a watan Agusta na 2021. == Tarihi == === aiki === Ba a san ainihin tarihin da aikin jirgin ba. Wannan jirgin yana da nau'in da aka sani da " jirgin ruwan rana ", wani jirgin ruwa na ibada da Masarawa na dā suka yi imani da shi yana ɗaukar sarkin da aka tashe daga matattu ta hanyar sama tare da allahn rana Ra . Duk da haka, yana ɗauke da wasu alamun cewa an yi amfani da shi a cikin ruwa, kuma yana yiwuwa jirgin ko dai "jirgin ruwan jana'iza" ne da ake amfani da shi don ɗaukar gawar sarki da aka yi wa gawa daga [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]] zuwa Giza, ko ma Khufu da kansa ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin "jirgin ruwan mahajjata" don ziyartar wurare masu tsarki kuma an binne shi don ya yi amfani da shi a lahira. Ba ya ɗauke da gawawwaki, ba kamar jana'izar jiragen ruwa na arewacin Turai ba. === Ganowa da bayanin === [[File:Model_of_Khufu's_solar_barque_with_top_removed.jpg|thumb|Samfurin jirgin Khufu a gidan adana kayan tarihi na jirgin ruwan Giza Solar, tare da cire benen, wanda ke nuna dinkin igiya da ke riƙe da alluna tare]] Jirgin yana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa biyu da Kamal el-Mallakh ya sake gano a shekarar 1954 - ba tare da wata matsala ba tunda an rufe shi a cikin rami da aka sassaka daga dutsen Giza. An gina shi galibi da itacen al'ul na Lebanon, yana lanƙwasa allon <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bram |last2=Me-Bar |date=2024 |title=The production method of the Khufu-1 sheer planks: carving or bending? |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17480272.2023.2291816 |journal=Wood Material Science & Engineering}}</ref> a cikin dabarar gini ta "kwalliya ta farko", ta amfani da ƙananan igiyoyi na ƙayar Kristi . An gina jirgin da ƙasa mai faɗi wanda ya ƙunshi alluna da yawa, amma babu ainihin keel, tare da alluna da firam ɗin da aka haɗa da ciyawar Halfah, kuma an sake gina shi daga guda 1,224 waɗanda aka shimfiɗa su cikin tsari mai ma'ana, waɗanda aka wargaza a cikin ramin kusa da dala. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Liesl |last2=Tyson |first2=Peter |title=Explore Ancient Egypt |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/interactive/explore-ancient-egypt/ |access-date=28 December 2012 |website=Nova |publisher=PBS}}</ref> === Sake Ginawa === Ya ɗauki shekaru kafin a sake haɗa jirgin, musamman ta hannun babban mai gyara kayan tarihi na Ma'aikatar Tarihi ta Masar, Ahmed Youssef Moustafa. Kafin ya sake gina jirgin, Moustafa dole ne ya sami isasshen ƙwarewa kan gina jirgin ruwa na Masar ta dā. Ya yi nazarin hotunan da aka sassaka a bango da kaburbura da kuma ƙananan samfuran katako na jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa da aka samu a cikin kaburbura. Moustafa ya ziyarci wuraren saukar jiragen ruwa na Nilu na Tsohon Alkahira da Maadi kuma ya je [[Alexandria]], inda har yanzu ake yin jiragen ruwa na katako na kogin. Yana fatan cewa marubutan jiragen ruwa na Masar na zamani sun riƙe hanyoyin gina jiragen ruwa waɗanda za su ba da shawarar yadda Masarawa na dā ke gina jiragensu. Sannan ya binciki aikin marubutan jiragen ruwa waɗanda suka gina a wata al'ada daban. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jenkins |first=Nancy |date=May 26, 1954 |title=The Smell of Time |url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198001/the.smell.of.time.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507175242/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198001/the.smell.of.time.htm |archive-date=2012-05-07 |access-date=2012-12-27 |website=Saudi Aramco World |publisher=Aramco Services Company}}</ref> === Nunin Baje Kolin === An nuna jirgin Khufu a bainar jama'a a wani gidan tarihi da aka gina musamman a [[Tsarin pyramid na Giza|ginin dala na Giza]] a shekarar 1982; gidan tarihi ƙaramin wurin zamani ne da ke gefen Babban Dala. Bene na farko na gidan tarihi ya ɗauki baƙon ta hanyar hotuna, hotuna, da rubuce-rubuce kan yadda ake haƙa da kuma gyara jirgin. An haɗa ramin da aka gano babban jirgin ruwan a cikin ƙirar bene na ƙasa na gidan tarihi. Don ganin jirgin ruwan da aka gyara, baƙon ya hau matakala da ke kaiwa bene na biyu. Tagogi daga bene zuwa rufi suna ba da damar samun hasken rana mai yawa, kuma hanyar tafiya ta katako ta kai baƙon ya zagaya jirgin inda baƙon zai iya ganin girmansa mai ban mamaki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sarman |first=Danee |date=March 1, 2010 |title=Did Pharaohs Get Seasick?: Khufu Boat Museum: Giza, Egypt |url=http://www.museumchick.com/museum-chick/2010/03/khufu-boat-museum-giza-egypt-felucca.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414182401/http://www.museumchick.com/museum-chick/2010/03/khufu-boat-museum-giza-egypt-felucca.html |archive-date=April 14, 2010 |access-date=2012-12-27 |publisher=MuseumChick.com.}}</ref> == Manazarta == a758tspnnrsym0ejar9cb2op2chb7gi 863635 863634 2026-06-22T05:40:38Z Engineer014 44591 863635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jirgin Khufu''' wani babban jirgin ruwa ne mai cike da hasken rana daga [[tsohuwar Masar]] . An rufe shi a cikin rami kusa da Babban Dala na Fir'auna Khufu a kusan shekara ta 2500 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS), a lokacin Daular Huɗu ta [[Tsohuwar Masarautar Masar|Tsohon]] Masar. Kamar sauran jiragen ruwan Masar na dā da aka binne, yana cikin manyan kayan kaburbura da aka yi niyya don amfani da su a lahira . Jirgin ruwan Khufu yana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa mafi tsufa, mafi girma, kuma mafi kyawun kiyayewa tun zamanin da. Tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|43.4|m|ft}}tsayin ƙafa , {{Convert|5.9|m|ft}}Faɗin , kuma zurfin mita 1.78 (ƙafa 5.83), kuma ita ce jirgin ruwa mafi tsufa a duniya da babu matsala. An bayyana shi a matsayin "wani babban aikin fasahar katako" wanda zai iya tafiya a yau idan aka saka shi a cikin tafki ko kogi. An adana jirgin a gidan adana kayan tarihi na Giza Solar Boat, amma an mayar da shi zuwa Babban Gidan Tarihi na Masar a watan Agusta na 2021. == Tarihi == === aiki === Ba a san ainihin tarihin da aikin jirgin ba. Wannan jirgin yana da nau'in da aka sani da " jirgin ruwan rana ", wani jirgin ruwa na ibada da Masarawa na dā suka yi imani da shi yana ɗaukar sarkin da aka tashe daga matattu ta hanyar sama tare da allahn rana Ra . Duk da haka, yana ɗauke da wasu alamun cewa an yi amfani da shi a cikin ruwa, kuma yana yiwuwa jirgin ko dai "jirgin ruwan jana'iza" ne da ake amfani da shi don ɗaukar gawar sarki da aka yi wa gawa daga [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]] zuwa Giza, ko ma Khufu da kansa ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin "jirgin ruwan mahajjata" don ziyartar wurare masu tsarki kuma an binne shi don ya yi amfani da shi a lahira. Ba ya ɗauke da gawawwaki, ba kamar jana'izar jiragen ruwa na arewacin Turai ba. === Ganowa da bayanin === [[File:Model_of_Khufu's_solar_barque_with_top_removed.jpg|thumb|Samfurin jirgin Khufu a gidan adana kayan tarihi na jirgin ruwan Giza Solar, tare da cire benen, wanda ke nuna dinkin igiya da ke riƙe da alluna tare]] Jirgin yana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa biyu da Kamal el-Mallakh ya sake gano a shekarar 1954 - ba tare da wata matsala ba tunda an rufe shi a cikin rami da aka sassaka daga dutsen Giza. An gina shi galibi da itacen al'ul na Lebanon, yana lanƙwasa allon <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bram |last2=Me-Bar |date=2024 |title=The production method of the Khufu-1 sheer planks: carving or bending? |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17480272.2023.2291816 |journal=Wood Material Science & Engineering}}</ref> a cikin dabarar gini ta "kwalliya ta farko", ta amfani da ƙananan igiyoyi na ƙayar Kristi . An gina jirgin da ƙasa mai faɗi wanda ya ƙunshi alluna da yawa, amma babu ainihin keel, tare da alluna da firam ɗin da aka haɗa da ciyawar Halfah, kuma an sake gina shi daga guda 1,224 waɗanda aka shimfiɗa su cikin tsari mai ma'ana, waɗanda aka wargaza a cikin ramin kusa da dala. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Liesl |last2=Tyson |first2=Peter |title=Explore Ancient Egypt |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/interactive/explore-ancient-egypt/ |access-date=28 December 2012 |website=Nova |publisher=PBS}}</ref> === Sake Ginawa === Ya ɗauki shekaru kafin a sake haɗa jirgin, musamman ta hannun babban mai gyara kayan tarihi na Ma'aikatar Tarihi ta Masar, Ahmed Youssef Moustafa. Kafin ya sake gina jirgin, Moustafa dole ne ya sami isasshen ƙwarewa kan gina jirgin ruwa na Masar ta dā. Ya yi nazarin hotunan da aka sassaka a bango da kaburbura da kuma ƙananan samfuran katako na jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa da aka samu a cikin kaburbura. Moustafa ya ziyarci wuraren saukar jiragen ruwa na Nilu na Tsohon Alkahira da Maadi kuma ya je [[Alexandria]], inda har yanzu ake yin jiragen ruwa na katako na kogin. Yana fatan cewa marubutan jiragen ruwa na Masar na zamani sun riƙe hanyoyin gina jiragen ruwa waɗanda za su ba da shawarar yadda Masarawa na dā ke gina jiragensu. Sannan ya binciki aikin marubutan jiragen ruwa waɗanda suka gina a wata al'ada daban. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jenkins |first=Nancy |date=May 26, 1954 |title=The Smell of Time |url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198001/the.smell.of.time.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507175242/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198001/the.smell.of.time.htm |archive-date=2012-05-07 |access-date=2012-12-27 |website=Saudi Aramco World |publisher=Aramco Services Company}}</ref> === Nunin Baje Kolin === An nuna jirgin Khufu a bainar jama'a a wani gidan tarihi da aka gina musamman a [[Tsarin pyramid na Giza|ginin dala na Giza]] a shekarar 1982; gidan tarihi ƙaramin wurin zamani ne da ke gefen Babban Dala. Bene na farko na gidan tarihi ya ɗauki baƙon ta hanyar hotuna, hotuna, da rubuce-rubuce kan yadda ake haƙa da kuma gyara jirgin. An haɗa ramin da aka gano babban jirgin ruwan a cikin ƙirar bene na ƙasa na gidan tarihi. Don ganin jirgin ruwan da aka gyara, baƙon ya hau matakala da ke kaiwa bene na biyu. Tagogi daga bene zuwa rufi suna ba da damar samun hasken rana mai yawa, kuma hanyar tafiya ta katako ta kai baƙon ya zagaya jirgin inda baƙon zai iya ganin girmansa mai ban mamaki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sarman |first=Danee |date=March 1, 2010 |title=Did Pharaohs Get Seasick?: Khufu Boat Museum: Giza, Egypt |url=http://www.museumchick.com/museum-chick/2010/03/khufu-boat-museum-giza-egypt-felucca.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414182401/http://www.museumchick.com/museum-chick/2010/03/khufu-boat-museum-giza-egypt-felucca.html |archive-date=April 14, 2010 |access-date=2012-12-27 |publisher=MuseumChick.com.}}</ref> == Manazarta == cpskzyh7hbp3sm9wt6oapc6szn62r9e 0 159240 863637 2026-06-22T05:42:36Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358223836|Ancient Egyptian royal ships]]" 863637 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:By_ovedc_-_Khufu_ship_-_18.jpg|thumb|261x261px|Jirgin Khufu, wani jirgin ruwa mai cikakken girma wanda aka rufe shi a cikin rami a cikin [[Tsarin pyramid na Giza|ginin dala na Giza]] a ƙarƙashin Babban Dala na Giza a kusa da 2500 BC. Hoton yana nuna ainihin abin da aka nuna a gidan adana kayan tarihi na jirgin ruwan Giza Solar .]] An sami '''jiragen ruwan Masar na zamanin da''' da dama da kuma ramukan jiragen ruwa a wurare da yawa na Masar. Mafi shahara shine jirgin ruwan Khufu, wanda yanzu ake adana shi a Babban Gidan Tarihi na Masar . An binne manyan jiragen ruwa ko jiragen ruwa kusa da tsoffin dala ko haikali na Masar a wurare da yawa. Tarihi da aikin jiragen ba a san su sosai ba. An fi ƙirƙira su a matsayin " jirgin ruwan hasken rana ", jirgin ruwa na al'ada don ɗaukar sarkin da aka tashe tare da allahn rana Ra a sararin sama. Wannan jigo ne gama gari a cikin Rubutun Pyramid, kuma waɗannan jiragen ruwan da aka binne na iya zama daidai da ainihin jiragen ruwan hasken rana. Hakazalika, wani bayani a bayan waɗannan jiragen ruwa shine cewa an gina su ne don sarakunan da suka gabata don ɗaukar su zuwa lahira. Saboda alaƙar waɗannan jiragen da rana, galibi ana samun su a yanayin gabas-yamma don bin hanyar rana. ==== Jirgin ruwan hasken rana na biyu na Khufu ==== Tare da jirgin ruwan Khufu na farko mai amfani da hasken rana, an gano na biyu a kusa. Duk da haka, ba a yi ƙoƙari sosai ba don bincika shi sai a shekarar 1987. A shekarar 1987, masu bincike daga Hukumar Kayayyakin Tarihi da Ƙungiyar Nazarin Kasashe ta Amurka sun ƙirƙiri wani aiki da aka yi niyya don ɗaukar hoton cikin ramin jirgin ruwa na biyu ba tare da lalata abubuwan da ke cikinsa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=早稲田大学エジプト学研究所 |url=http://www.egyptpro.sci.waseda.ac.jp/e-khufu.html |access-date=2018-02-24 |website=www.egyptpro.sci.waseda.ac.jp |language=ja}}</ref> Sun zaɓi ɗaukar Bob Morse, ƙwararren injiniyan haƙa, don tsara haƙa don hana abubuwa masu cutarwa, kamar danshi, shiga cikin ramin jirgin ruwa. An fara haƙa jirgin ruwan Khufu na biyu mai amfani da hasken rana a shekarar 1992 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙungiyar Masar da Japan. An kammala shi a shekarar 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-09 |title=First Phase of extracting, restoring Second Khufu Ship completed |url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/90572/First-Phase-of-extracting-restoring-Second-Khufu-Ship-completed |access-date=2021-12-18 |website=EgyptToday}}</ref> Za a sake gina jirgin kuma a nuna shi a Babban Gidan Tarihi na Masar, wanda aka ƙirƙira don ɗaukar jirgin ruwan Khufu na farko mai amfani da hasken rana da kuma jirgin ruwan Khufu na biyu mai amfani da hasken rana. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Scholars will reassemble ancient Egyptian boat |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2008-07/21/content_6864195.htm |access-date=2018-02-24 |website=www.chinadaily.com.cn}}</ref> Sakuji Yoshimura, farfesa a Jami'ar Waseda wanda ke jagorantar aikin gyara tare da Majalisar Kayan Tarihi ta Masar, ya ce masana kimiyya sun gano cewa ɗaya daga cikin duwatsun rufin ramin jirgin ruwan an rubuta shi da sunan Khufu. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Yoshimura |first=Sakuji |last2=Kurokochi |first2=Hiromasa |date=2013 |title=Research Report: Brief Report of the Project of the Second Boat of King Khufu |url=https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/jaei/article/view/16498 |journal=Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections |volume=5-1 |pages=85–89}}</ref> === Jiragen ruwan Khafre Solar === Dala na Khafre yana da ramuka biyar waɗanda a da ke ɗauke da jiragen jana'iza, tare da wani babban tsagewa a cikin dutse wanda ke nuna yiwuwar jirgin ruwa na shida da ba a kammala ba. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Altenmuller |first=Hartwig |date=2002 |title=Funerary Boats and Boat Pits of the Old Kingdom |url=https://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/images/MFA-images/Giza/GizaImage/full/library/altenmueller_archiv_or_2002.pdf |journal=Quarterly Journal of African and Asian Studies |volume=70 |issue=3 |pages=270 |via=Oriental Institute}}</ref> Waɗannan jiragen ruwan duk an yi su ne da dutse. Akwai jiragen ruwa biyu a gefen arewa na dala da kuma jiragen ruwa biyu a gefen kudu. Layukan jiragen biyu suna fuskantar gabas zuwa yamma. Jirgin ruwan yamma na jiragen ruwa biyu a arewa an rufe shi da farin dutse mai daraja da ɗaki. Waɗannan halaye suna da alaƙa da jirgin ruwan yamma na jiragen ruwa biyu a kudu. Waɗannan halaye suna nuna cewa waɗannan jiragen ruwa biyu jiragen ruwa ne na dare na Ra, waɗanda su ne jiragen ruwa na tatsuniyoyi da Ra zai hau a lokacin dare. Sabanin haka, sauran jiragen ruwa biyu ba su da ɗaki, don haka ana rarraba su a matsayin jiragen ruwa na Ra. Jiragen ruwa biyu na rana, waɗanda aka sani da Jirgin Ruwa na Arewa da Jirgin Ruwa na Rana na Kudu, ba su da sandar da ta yi kaifi wadda ta shahara a cikin maimaita jiragen ruwa na rana da hotuna kamar Pyramid Texts da dutsen Palermo . Jirgin ruwa na biyar yana kudu da dala, amma yana daidai da dala maimakon layi ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Digital Giza {{!}} Khafre Boat Pits |url=http://giza.fas.harvard.edu/sites/1772/full/ |access-date=2024-03-17 |website=giza.fas.harvard.edu}}</ref> ==== Jirgin Ruwa na Dare na Kudu ==== Jirgin ruwan Southern-Night yana da kyau sosai. Yana ɗauke da babban ɗaki kuma dukkan rufin rufin suna nan lafiya lokacin da aka gano shi. Jirgin ruwan kuma yana ɗauke da wani ɓangare na dutse mai laushi, faranti biyu na redware, da kuma wani abin birgima mai launin kore wanda aka yi amfani da shi don motsa abubuwa masu nauyi. Tsawonsa ya kai mita 25, faɗinsa mita 3.7, da zurfinsa mita 7.5. == Manazarta == stlj4ovsmcydt3aa9v6pbh959bsjk82 863638 863637 2026-06-22T05:43:07Z Engineer014 44591 863638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:By_ovedc_-_Khufu_ship_-_18.jpg|thumb|261x261px|Jirgin Khufu, wani jirgin ruwa mai cikakken girma wanda aka rufe shi a cikin rami a cikin [[Tsarin pyramid na Giza|ginin dala na Giza]] a ƙarƙashin Babban Dala na Giza a kusa da 2500 BC. Hoton yana nuna ainihin abin da aka nuna a gidan adana kayan tarihi na jirgin ruwan Giza Solar .]] An sami '''jiragen ruwan Masar na zamanin da''' da dama da kuma ramukan jiragen ruwa a wurare da yawa na Masar. Mafi shahara shine jirgin ruwan Khufu, wanda yanzu ake adana shi a Babban Gidan Tarihi na Masar . An binne manyan jiragen ruwa ko jiragen ruwa kusa da tsoffin dala ko haikali na Masar a wurare da yawa. Tarihi da aikin jiragen ba a san su sosai ba. An fi ƙirƙira su a matsayin " jirgin ruwan hasken rana ", jirgin ruwa na al'ada don ɗaukar sarkin da aka tashe tare da allahn rana Ra a sararin sama. Wannan jigo ne gama gari a cikin Rubutun Pyramid, kuma waɗannan jiragen ruwan da aka binne na iya zama daidai da ainihin jiragen ruwan hasken rana. Hakazalika, wani bayani a bayan waɗannan jiragen ruwa shine cewa an gina su ne don sarakunan da suka gabata don ɗaukar su zuwa lahira. Saboda alaƙar waɗannan jiragen da rana, galibi ana samun su a yanayin gabas-yamma don bin hanyar rana. ==== Jirgin ruwan hasken rana na biyu na Khufu ==== Tare da jirgin ruwan Khufu na farko mai amfani da hasken rana, an gano na biyu a kusa. Duk da haka, ba a yi ƙoƙari sosai ba don bincika shi sai a shekarar 1987. A shekarar 1987, masu bincike daga Hukumar Kayayyakin Tarihi da Ƙungiyar Nazarin Kasashe ta Amurka sun ƙirƙiri wani aiki da aka yi niyya don ɗaukar hoton cikin ramin jirgin ruwa na biyu ba tare da lalata abubuwan da ke cikinsa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=早稲田大学エジプト学研究所 |url=http://www.egyptpro.sci.waseda.ac.jp/e-khufu.html |access-date=2018-02-24 |website=www.egyptpro.sci.waseda.ac.jp |language=ja}}</ref> Sun zaɓi ɗaukar Bob Morse, ƙwararren injiniyan haƙa, don tsara haƙa don hana abubuwa masu cutarwa, kamar danshi, shiga cikin ramin jirgin ruwa. An fara haƙa jirgin ruwan Khufu na biyu mai amfani da hasken rana a shekarar 1992 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙungiyar Masar da Japan. An kammala shi a shekarar 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-09 |title=First Phase of extracting, restoring Second Khufu Ship completed |url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/90572/First-Phase-of-extracting-restoring-Second-Khufu-Ship-completed |access-date=2021-12-18 |website=EgyptToday}}</ref> Za a sake gina jirgin kuma a nuna shi a Babban Gidan Tarihi na Masar, wanda aka ƙirƙira don ɗaukar jirgin ruwan Khufu na farko mai amfani da hasken rana da kuma jirgin ruwan Khufu na biyu mai amfani da hasken rana. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Scholars will reassemble ancient Egyptian boat |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2008-07/21/content_6864195.htm |access-date=2018-02-24 |website=www.chinadaily.com.cn}}</ref> Sakuji Yoshimura, farfesa a Jami'ar Waseda wanda ke jagorantar aikin gyara tare da Majalisar Kayan Tarihi ta Masar, ya ce masana kimiyya sun gano cewa ɗaya daga cikin duwatsun rufin ramin jirgin ruwan an rubuta shi da sunan Khufu. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Yoshimura |first=Sakuji |last2=Kurokochi |first2=Hiromasa |date=2013 |title=Research Report: Brief Report of the Project of the Second Boat of King Khufu |url=https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/jaei/article/view/16498 |journal=Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections |volume=5-1 |pages=85–89}}</ref> === Jiragen ruwan Khafre Solar === Dala na Khafre yana da ramuka biyar waɗanda a da ke ɗauke da jiragen jana'iza, tare da wani babban tsagewa a cikin dutse wanda ke nuna yiwuwar jirgin ruwa na shida da ba a kammala ba. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Altenmuller |first=Hartwig |date=2002 |title=Funerary Boats and Boat Pits of the Old Kingdom |url=https://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/images/MFA-images/Giza/GizaImage/full/library/altenmueller_archiv_or_2002.pdf |journal=Quarterly Journal of African and Asian Studies |volume=70 |issue=3 |pages=270 |via=Oriental Institute}}</ref> Waɗannan jiragen ruwan duk an yi su ne da dutse. Akwai jiragen ruwa biyu a gefen arewa na dala da kuma jiragen ruwa biyu a gefen kudu. Layukan jiragen biyu suna fuskantar gabas zuwa yamma. Jirgin ruwan yamma na jiragen ruwa biyu a arewa an rufe shi da farin dutse mai daraja da ɗaki. Waɗannan halaye suna da alaƙa da jirgin ruwan yamma na jiragen ruwa biyu a kudu. Waɗannan halaye suna nuna cewa waɗannan jiragen ruwa biyu jiragen ruwa ne na dare na Ra, waɗanda su ne jiragen ruwa na tatsuniyoyi da Ra zai hau a lokacin dare. Sabanin haka, sauran jiragen ruwa biyu ba su da ɗaki, don haka ana rarraba su a matsayin jiragen ruwa na Ra. Jiragen ruwa biyu na rana, waɗanda aka sani da Jirgin Ruwa na Arewa da Jirgin Ruwa na Rana na Kudu, ba su da sandar da ta yi kaifi wadda ta shahara a cikin maimaita jiragen ruwa na rana da hotuna kamar Pyramid Texts da dutsen Palermo . Jirgin ruwa na biyar yana kudu da dala, amma yana daidai da dala maimakon layi ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Digital Giza {{!}} Khafre Boat Pits |url=http://giza.fas.harvard.edu/sites/1772/full/ |access-date=2024-03-17 |website=giza.fas.harvard.edu}}</ref> ==== Jirgin Ruwa na Dare na Kudu ==== Jirgin ruwan Southern-Night yana da kyau sosai. Yana ɗauke da babban ɗaki kuma dukkan rufin rufin suna nan lafiya lokacin da aka gano shi. Jirgin ruwan kuma yana ɗauke da wani ɓangare na dutse mai laushi, faranti biyu na redware, da kuma wani abin birgima mai launin kore wanda aka yi amfani da shi don motsa abubuwa masu nauyi. Tsawonsa ya kai mita 25, faɗinsa mita 3.7, da zurfinsa mita 7.5. == Manazarta == a5edeoqiewiroeum7ye6o0cbbfw921d 0 159241 863639 2026-06-22T05:45:16Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327186978|Kondor-class minesweeper]]" 863639 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mai binciken ma'adinai na Project 89''', wanda aka fi sani da '''aji na Kondor''', wani nau'in masu binciken ma'adinai ne da aka tsara a Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Jamus wanda aka ba wa [[NATO]] lakabin "Kondor". Akwai nau'ikan guda uku, wato, sashin samfurin, Project 89.0; sigar farko, Project 89.1 (Nadin NATO: Kondor I); da sigar ta biyu, Project 89.2 (Nadin NATO: Kondor II). == Ma'aikatar harkokin waje == === Cape Verde === Jami'an tsaron gabar tekun Jamus sun yi amfani da jirgin ruwan Kondor I ''Kuhlungsborn'' . A shekarar 1998 aka mayar da shi Cape Verde aka kuma sake masa suna ''Vigilante'' dauke da lambar pennant P 521. Har yanzu yana aiki. === Estonia === An mayar da jiragen ruwan Kondor I ''Komet'' da ''Meteor'' zuwa [[Istoniya|Estonia]] a matsayin ''Vambola'' da ''Sulev'' a shekarar 1994. An soke ''Sulev'' a shekarar 2000 yayin da ragowar ''Vambola'' ke jiran a lalata su. === Indonesiya === An mayar da jiragen ruwa guda tara na Kondor II zuwa Indonesia a kusan shekarar 1994. Jiragen ruwa shida har yanzu suna aiki. An mayar da KRI ''Kala Hitam'' (828) (tsohon ''Sömmerda'' ) da KRI ''Kelabang'' (826) (tsohon ''Zerbst'' ) zuwa jiragen sintiri saboda gazawar kayan aikin farautar ma'adinai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2013 |title=Kondor Class: Penyapu Ranjau TNI AL dari Era Perang Dingin – Indomiliter.com |url=http://www.indomiliter.com/kondor-class-penyapu-ranjau-tni-al-dari-era-perang-dingin/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112021727/http://www.indomiliter.com/kondor-class-penyapu-ranjau-tni-al-dari-era-perang-dingin/ |archive-date=2017-11-12 |access-date=2017-11-11 |website=www.indomiliter.com |language=en-US}}</ref> An dakatar da KRI ''Pulau Rote'' (721) (tsohon ''Wolgast'' ) a ranar 28 ga Agusta 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 August 2019 |title=KAPUSHIDROSAL PIMPIN UPACARA PENGHAPUSAN KRI PULAU ROTE-721 |url=https://www.pushidrosal.id/berita/6427/KAPUSHIDROSAL-PIMPIN-UPACARA-PENGHAPUSAN-KRI-PULAU-ROTE-721/ |access-date=9 February 2024 |website=www.pushidrosal.id}}</ref> An dakatar da KRI ''Pulau Rempang'' (729) (tsohon ''Grimma'' ) a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Subdispen |first=Pushidrosal |date=15 October 2021 |title=KRI PULAU REMPANG-729 AKHIRI MASA PENGABDIANNYA DI TNI AL |url=https://www.pushidrosal.id/subdispen/berita/8767/KRI-PULAU-REMPANG-729-AKHIRI-MASA-PENGABDIANNYA-DI-TNI-AL/ |access-date=2021-10-18 |website=www.pushidrosal.id}}</ref> An dakatar da KRI ''Pulau Romang'' (723) (tsohon ''Pritzwalk'' ) a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2024 |title=Penyerahan Lonceng Kapal, Tandai Purna Tugas Unsur TNI AL KRI Pulau Romang-723 |trans-title=Handover of Ship Bells, Marking the Retirement of TNI AL Elements KRI Pulau Romang-723 |url=https://tni.mil.id/view-236864-penyerahan-lonceng-kapal-tandai-purna-tugas-unsur-tni-al-kri-pulau-romang-723.html |access-date=8 February 2024 |website=Tentara Nasional Indonesia |language=id}}</ref> === Latvia === An mayar da jiragen ruwa biyu na Kondor II zuwa Latvia a shekarar 1992, aka kuma sake musu suna ''Viesturs'' da ''Imanta'' . An yi amfani da su a matsayin masu farautar ma'adinai har sai da suka daina aiki a shekarar 2008. === Malta === [[Fayil:Malte_P29_16.jpg|thumb|Jirgin ruwan P29 (tsohon ''Boltenhagen'' )]] An sayar da jiragen ruwa guda biyu na Kondor I, ''Ueckermünde'' da ''Pasewalk'', ga Malta a shekarar 1992, inda aka ba su lambobin ''P30'' da P31 . An sayar da jirgin ruwa na uku, ''Boltenhagen'', a shekarar 1997 kuma an ba shi lambar P29 . Jiragen ruwa uku sun yi aiki tare da Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta AFM har sai da aka dakatar da aikinsu a shekarar 2004 kuma aka maye gurbinsu da jiragen ruwa na zamani . An gano P29 a matsayin wurin nutsewa na wucin gadi a Ċirkewwa a shekarar 2007, yayin da aka nutse P31 a Comino a shekarar 2009. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Malta’s newly scuttled wreck – The ex-Pasewalk P31 Patrol Boat |url=http://www.oxygenediving.com/malta/p13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220311091149/http://www.oxygenediving.com/malta/p13 |archive-date=11 March 2022 |access-date=8 September 2014 |website=Oxygene Malta}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekarar 2013, an ajiye ''P30'' a Cassar Ship Repair Yard, Marsa . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dalli |first=Lawrence |title=Filming Marine Units |url=http://www.maltashipphotos.com/showproductdetails.asp?PRODUCTCAT1=Filming%20Marine%20Units |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203230454/https://maltashipphotos.com/showproductdetails.asp?PRODUCTCAT1=Filming%20Marine%20Units |archive-date=3 February 2023 |access-date=8 September 2014 |website=Malta Ship Photos}}</ref> === Tunisiya === An tura jiragen ruwan share ma'adinai guda biyar na Kondor I zuwa rundunar sojin ruwan Tunisiya a matsayin jiragen sintiri na bakin teku a cewar Jane's Fighting Ships na 1999-2000. A yau guda ɗaya ce kawai ke aiki. [[Fayil:ROU_Temerario.jpg|thumb|An yi wa ROU ''Temerario'' ado a Montevideo a shekarar 2024]] === Uruguay === An mayar da jiragen ruwan Kondor II ''Riesa'', ''Eilenburg'', ''Bernau'' da ''Eisleben'' zuwa Uruguay kuma aka sake musu suna ''Temerario'', ''Valiente'', ''Fortuna'' da ''Audaz'' a ranar 11 ga Oktoba, 1991. Jirgin ruwan jigilar kaya na Panama ''Skyros'' ya yi wa ''Valiente'' kawanya a ranar 5 ga Agusta, 2000 kuma ya tsage biyu, matuƙan jirgin ruwa 8 suka mutu, 3 kuma suka ɓace. <ref>{{Cite web |title=El bagayo del barreminas "Valiente" |url=http://elmuertoquehabla.blogspot.com/2010/08/el-bagayo-del-barreminas-valiente.html |access-date=8 September 2014 |website=El Muerto}}</ref> An wargaza ''Fortuna'', sauran biyun kuma har yanzu suna kan aiki. == Manazarta == nwkylpl68mw4ipguu7dre7vdef7o9dn 863640 863639 2026-06-22T05:45:40Z Engineer014 44591 863640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mai binciken ma'adinai na Project 89''', wanda aka fi sani da '''aji na Kondor''', wani nau'in masu binciken ma'adinai ne da aka tsara a Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Jamus wanda aka ba wa [[NATO]] lakabin "Kondor". Akwai nau'ikan guda uku, wato, sashin samfurin, Project 89.0; sigar farko, Project 89.1 (Nadin NATO: Kondor I); da sigar ta biyu, Project 89.2 (Nadin NATO: Kondor II). == Ma'aikatar harkokin waje == === Cape Verde === Jami'an tsaron gabar tekun Jamus sun yi amfani da jirgin ruwan Kondor I ''Kuhlungsborn'' . A shekarar 1998 aka mayar da shi Cape Verde aka kuma sake masa suna ''Vigilante'' dauke da lambar pennant P 521. Har yanzu yana aiki. === Estonia === An mayar da jiragen ruwan Kondor I ''Komet'' da ''Meteor'' zuwa [[Istoniya|Estonia]] a matsayin ''Vambola'' da ''Sulev'' a shekarar 1994. An soke ''Sulev'' a shekarar 2000 yayin da ragowar ''Vambola'' ke jiran a lalata su. === Indonesiya === An mayar da jiragen ruwa guda tara na Kondor II zuwa Indonesia a kusan shekarar 1994. Jiragen ruwa shida har yanzu suna aiki. An mayar da KRI ''Kala Hitam'' (828) (tsohon ''Sömmerda'' ) da KRI ''Kelabang'' (826) (tsohon ''Zerbst'' ) zuwa jiragen sintiri saboda gazawar kayan aikin farautar ma'adinai. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2013 |title=Kondor Class: Penyapu Ranjau TNI AL dari Era Perang Dingin – Indomiliter.com |url=http://www.indomiliter.com/kondor-class-penyapu-ranjau-tni-al-dari-era-perang-dingin/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112021727/http://www.indomiliter.com/kondor-class-penyapu-ranjau-tni-al-dari-era-perang-dingin/ |archive-date=2017-11-12 |access-date=2017-11-11 |website=www.indomiliter.com |language=en-US}}</ref> An dakatar da KRI ''Pulau Rote'' (721) (tsohon ''Wolgast'' ) a ranar 28 ga Agusta 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 August 2019 |title=KAPUSHIDROSAL PIMPIN UPACARA PENGHAPUSAN KRI PULAU ROTE-721 |url=https://www.pushidrosal.id/berita/6427/KAPUSHIDROSAL-PIMPIN-UPACARA-PENGHAPUSAN-KRI-PULAU-ROTE-721/ |access-date=9 February 2024 |website=www.pushidrosal.id}}</ref> An dakatar da KRI ''Pulau Rempang'' (729) (tsohon ''Grimma'' ) a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Subdispen |first=Pushidrosal |date=15 October 2021 |title=KRI PULAU REMPANG-729 AKHIRI MASA PENGABDIANNYA DI TNI AL |url=https://www.pushidrosal.id/subdispen/berita/8767/KRI-PULAU-REMPANG-729-AKHIRI-MASA-PENGABDIANNYA-DI-TNI-AL/ |access-date=2021-10-18 |website=www.pushidrosal.id}}</ref> An dakatar da KRI ''Pulau Romang'' (723) (tsohon ''Pritzwalk'' ) a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2024 |title=Penyerahan Lonceng Kapal, Tandai Purna Tugas Unsur TNI AL KRI Pulau Romang-723 |trans-title=Handover of Ship Bells, Marking the Retirement of TNI AL Elements KRI Pulau Romang-723 |url=https://tni.mil.id/view-236864-penyerahan-lonceng-kapal-tandai-purna-tugas-unsur-tni-al-kri-pulau-romang-723.html |access-date=8 February 2024 |website=Tentara Nasional Indonesia |language=id}}</ref> === Latvia === An mayar da jiragen ruwa biyu na Kondor II zuwa Latvia a shekarar 1992, aka kuma sake musu suna ''Viesturs'' da ''Imanta'' . An yi amfani da su a matsayin masu farautar ma'adinai har sai da suka daina aiki a shekarar 2008. === Malta === [[Fayil:Malte_P29_16.jpg|thumb|Jirgin ruwan P29 (tsohon ''Boltenhagen'' )]] An sayar da jiragen ruwa guda biyu na Kondor I, ''Ueckermünde'' da ''Pasewalk'', ga Malta a shekarar 1992, inda aka ba su lambobin ''P30'' da P31 . An sayar da jirgin ruwa na uku, ''Boltenhagen'', a shekarar 1997 kuma an ba shi lambar P29 . Jiragen ruwa uku sun yi aiki tare da Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta AFM har sai da aka dakatar da aikinsu a shekarar 2004 kuma aka maye gurbinsu da jiragen ruwa na zamani . An gano P29 a matsayin wurin nutsewa na wucin gadi a Ċirkewwa a shekarar 2007, yayin da aka nutse P31 a Comino a shekarar 2009. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Malta’s newly scuttled wreck – The ex-Pasewalk P31 Patrol Boat |url=http://www.oxygenediving.com/malta/p13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220311091149/http://www.oxygenediving.com/malta/p13 |archive-date=11 March 2022 |access-date=8 September 2014 |website=Oxygene Malta}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekarar 2013, an ajiye ''P30'' a Cassar Ship Repair Yard, Marsa . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dalli |first=Lawrence |title=Filming Marine Units |url=http://www.maltashipphotos.com/showproductdetails.asp?PRODUCTCAT1=Filming%20Marine%20Units |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203230454/https://maltashipphotos.com/showproductdetails.asp?PRODUCTCAT1=Filming%20Marine%20Units |archive-date=3 February 2023 |access-date=8 September 2014 |website=Malta Ship Photos}}</ref> === Tunisiya === An tura jiragen ruwan share ma'adinai guda biyar na Kondor I zuwa rundunar sojin ruwan Tunisiya a matsayin jiragen sintiri na bakin teku a cewar Jane's Fighting Ships na 1999-2000. A yau guda ɗaya ce kawai ke aiki. [[Fayil:ROU_Temerario.jpg|thumb|An yi wa ROU ''Temerario'' ado a Montevideo a shekarar 2024]] === Uruguay === An mayar da jiragen ruwan Kondor II ''Riesa'', ''Eilenburg'', ''Bernau'' da ''Eisleben'' zuwa Uruguay kuma aka sake musu suna ''Temerario'', ''Valiente'', ''Fortuna'' da ''Audaz'' a ranar 11 ga Oktoba, 1991. Jirgin ruwan jigilar kaya na Panama ''Skyros'' ya yi wa ''Valiente'' kawanya a ranar 5 ga Agusta, 2000 kuma ya tsage biyu, matuƙan jirgin ruwa 8 suka mutu, 3 kuma suka ɓace. <ref>{{Cite web |title=El bagayo del barreminas "Valiente" |url=http://elmuertoquehabla.blogspot.com/2010/08/el-bagayo-del-barreminas-valiente.html |access-date=8 September 2014 |website=El Muerto}}</ref> An wargaza ''Fortuna'', sauran biyun kuma har yanzu suna kan aiki. == Manazarta == efhhydjrhrv01kbppd0myr6jqbj1utp 0 159242 863641 2026-06-22T05:47:17Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358970995|Abydos boats]]" 863641 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jiragen ruwan Abydos''' ragowar wani rukunin jiragen ruwan Masar na zamanin da aka gano a wani wurin tarihi a Abydos, Masar . An gano su a shekarar 1991, kuma an fara haƙa jiragen ruwan Abydos a shekarar 2000, a lokacin ne aka gano jiragen ruwa goma sha huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=After 5,000 Year Voyage, World's Oldest Built Boats Deliver -- Archeologists' First Look Confirms Existence of Earliest Royal Boats at Abydos |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/11/001101065713.htm}}</ref> Suna nan kusa da babban ginin [[Mudbrick|tubalan laka]] da aka sani da Shunet El Zebib, wanda aka danganta da Daular 2 Fir'auna Khasekhemwy . Shunet El Zebib yana ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan gine-ginen "bango" da aka gina a wannan wurin tun daga farkon Zamanin Daular, kuma yana kusa da makabartar sarauta ta Umm El Qaa'ab . == Ganowa == Gidan Tarihi na Jami'ar Pennsylvania da Yale University Expedition sun gudanar da tono jiragen ruwan Abydos. An fara gano layukan tubalan laka da aka gano ta hanyar busasshiyar yashi a shekarar 1988 a wani wuri mai nisan mil ɗaya daga kaburburan sarakuna a Abydos. Da farko an yi tunanin waɗannan ragowar tubalan kawai bango ne. Duk da haka, daga baya an gano cewa su ne iyakokin jana'izar jiragen ruwa sama da goma sha biyu daga daular farko. Kowace kabari tana da bangon shingen tubali. Tsarin kowace kabari yana kama da jirgin ruwa, kuma saman kowannensu an rufe shi da filastar laka da farin fenti . Ƙananan duwatsu a gefen ko bayan kowane kabari suna wakiltar [[Anchor|anga]] . Saboda raunin ragowar jirgin, kusan ba a yi wani tono ba da farko domin dole ne a yi nazari sosai kan lamarin don kiyaye shi a nan gaba. == Zane da gini == Jirgin ruwa mai lamba 10, wanda ke bayyana a hankali saboda zaizayar ƙasa, shine kawai jirgin da aka fara bincike a kai. Tsawon kwanaki biyar, masana ilmin kayan tarihi sun yi nazari a tsakiyar jirgin sosai. Sun gano katakon katako, igiya da ta wargaje, da kuma tarin ciyawa. Tururuwa masu cin itace sun rage yawancin ɓangaren jirgin zuwa frass (najasar tururuwa), amma frass ɗin ya riƙe siffar ainihin ɓangaren. Tsakiyar wannan jirgin ya bayyana hanyoyin gini da aka yi amfani da su kuma ya tabbatar da tsohon jirgin ruwan da aka gina da aka gina da "panel" da aka gano tukuna. Gina jirgin ya nuna cewa an gina shi ne daga waje a ciki, domin babu wani firam na ciki. Matsakaicin 75&nbsp;tsawon ƙafa 7-10 kuma tsawon ƙafa 7-10&nbsp;Faɗin waɗannan jiragen ruwan ƙafa 10 a faɗinsu mafi girma, zurfinsu ya kai ƙafa biyu kacal, tare da kunkuntar goshi da kuma bayansu. An yi wa jiragen ruwa da dama fenti da farin fenti, haka nan kuma kaburburan Abydos, kuma an yi wa lamba 10 fenti mai launin rawaya. An cika sandunan da ƙugiya, kuma an rufe ƙasan kowace jirgin ruwan Abydos. Ba tare da tsarin ciki ba, wasu daga cikin waɗannan jiragen ruwan sun karkace, kamar yadda ba makawa ba ne ba tare da kwarangwal na ciki don tallafi lokacin da aka fito daga ruwa. Itacen jiragen ruwan Abydos ''Tamarix'' ne na gida - tamarisk, cedar gishiri - ba cedar daga Lebanon ba wanda aka yi amfani da ita don Barque na Solar na Khufu kuma an fi so a gina jiragen ruwa a Masar a dauloli na baya. Ana amfani da itacen al'ul na Lebanon don sandunan da katakon kaburburan Umm el-Qa'ab kuma an riga an shigo da su a baya; ragowar launukan suna nuna launuka masu haske. An yi wa allunan katako fenti mai launin rawaya a waje kuma an sami alamun farin launi. "Wani ɓangare na rufin bulo na laka yana nuna cewa da alama akwai goyon baya ga sanduna/albasa a saman jiragen ruwa, kamar yadda yake a cikin jiragen ruwa da aka nuna a kan tukwane ko a saman wuraren ibada na da a kan wasu kawunan mace/albasa da kuma a cibiyar al'adu ta HK. 29A." Wannan fasaha don gina jiragen ruwa ta ci gaba a Masar fiye da shekaru dubu kuma daidaita wannan matakin farko na gina kwale-kwalen katako a Masar abin birgewa ne. == Manazarta == 868x6kbd8ga5g53htc2cd1ya4ja1zyd 863642 863641 2026-06-22T05:47:43Z Engineer014 44591 863642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jiragen ruwan Abydos''' ragowar wani rukunin jiragen ruwan Masar na zamanin da aka gano a wani wurin tarihi a Abydos, Masar . An gano su a shekarar 1991, kuma an fara haƙa jiragen ruwan Abydos a shekarar 2000, a lokacin ne aka gano jiragen ruwa goma sha huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=After 5,000 Year Voyage, World's Oldest Built Boats Deliver -- Archeologists' First Look Confirms Existence of Earliest Royal Boats at Abydos |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/11/001101065713.htm}}</ref> Suna nan kusa da babban ginin [[Mudbrick|tubalan laka]] da aka sani da Shunet El Zebib, wanda aka danganta da Daular 2 Fir'auna Khasekhemwy . Shunet El Zebib yana ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan gine-ginen "bango" da aka gina a wannan wurin tun daga farkon Zamanin Daular, kuma yana kusa da makabartar sarauta ta Umm El Qaa'ab . == Ganowa == Gidan Tarihi na Jami'ar Pennsylvania da Yale University Expedition sun gudanar da tono jiragen ruwan Abydos. An fara gano layukan tubalan laka da aka gano ta hanyar busasshiyar yashi a shekarar 1988 a wani wuri mai nisan mil ɗaya daga kaburburan sarakuna a Abydos. Da farko an yi tunanin waɗannan ragowar tubalan kawai bango ne. Duk da haka, daga baya an gano cewa su ne iyakokin jana'izar jiragen ruwa sama da goma sha biyu daga daular farko. Kowace kabari tana da bangon shingen tubali. Tsarin kowace kabari yana kama da jirgin ruwa, kuma saman kowannensu an rufe shi da filastar laka da farin fenti . Ƙananan duwatsu a gefen ko bayan kowane kabari suna wakiltar [[Anchor|anga]] . Saboda raunin ragowar jirgin, kusan ba a yi wani tono ba da farko domin dole ne a yi nazari sosai kan lamarin don kiyaye shi a nan gaba. == Zane da gini == Jirgin ruwa mai lamba 10, wanda ke bayyana a hankali saboda zaizayar ƙasa, shine kawai jirgin da aka fara bincike a kai. Tsawon kwanaki biyar, masana ilmin kayan tarihi sun yi nazari a tsakiyar jirgin sosai. Sun gano katakon katako, igiya da ta wargaje, da kuma tarin ciyawa. Tururuwa masu cin itace sun rage yawancin ɓangaren jirgin zuwa frass (najasar tururuwa), amma frass ɗin ya riƙe siffar ainihin ɓangaren. Tsakiyar wannan jirgin ya bayyana hanyoyin gini da aka yi amfani da su kuma ya tabbatar da tsohon jirgin ruwan da aka gina da aka gina da "panel" da aka gano tukuna. Gina jirgin ya nuna cewa an gina shi ne daga waje a ciki, domin babu wani firam na ciki. Matsakaicin 75&nbsp;tsawon ƙafa 7-10 kuma tsawon ƙafa 7-10&nbsp;Faɗin waɗannan jiragen ruwan ƙafa 10 a faɗinsu mafi girma, zurfinsu ya kai ƙafa biyu kacal, tare da kunkuntar goshi da kuma bayansu. An yi wa jiragen ruwa da dama fenti da farin fenti, haka nan kuma kaburburan Abydos, kuma an yi wa lamba 10 fenti mai launin rawaya. An cika sandunan da ƙugiya, kuma an rufe ƙasan kowace jirgin ruwan Abydos. Ba tare da tsarin ciki ba, wasu daga cikin waɗannan jiragen ruwan sun karkace, kamar yadda ba makawa ba ne ba tare da kwarangwal na ciki don tallafi lokacin da aka fito daga ruwa. Itacen jiragen ruwan Abydos ''Tamarix'' ne na gida - tamarisk, cedar gishiri - ba cedar daga Lebanon ba wanda aka yi amfani da ita don Barque na Solar na Khufu kuma an fi so a gina jiragen ruwa a Masar a dauloli na baya. Ana amfani da itacen al'ul na Lebanon don sandunan da katakon kaburburan Umm el-Qa'ab kuma an riga an shigo da su a baya; ragowar launukan suna nuna launuka masu haske. An yi wa allunan katako fenti mai launin rawaya a waje kuma an sami alamun farin launi. "Wani ɓangare na rufin bulo na laka yana nuna cewa da alama akwai goyon baya ga sanduna/albasa a saman jiragen ruwa, kamar yadda yake a cikin jiragen ruwa da aka nuna a kan tukwane ko a saman wuraren ibada na da a kan wasu kawunan mace/albasa da kuma a cibiyar al'adu ta HK. 29A." Wannan fasaha don gina jiragen ruwa ta ci gaba a Masar fiye da shekaru dubu kuma daidaita wannan matakin farko na gina kwale-kwalen katako a Masar abin birgewa ne. == Manazarta == 37edffioa07r1ozeaawr7ocmz5nae2x 0 159243 863643 2026-06-22T05:49:07Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345250304|HMS Cicero (F170)]]" 863643 wikitext text/x-wiki '''HMS ''Cicero''''' jirgin ruwa ne mai saukar jiragen ruwa wanda ke aiki tare da Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Royal a ƙarshen [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . == Sana'a == === Lokacin Yaƙi === Kamfanin Consolidated Steel Corporation, Wilmington, [[California]] ne ya gina ta a matsayin ''Cape St Vincent'', kuma an canza ta bisa sharuɗɗan hayar rance jim kaɗan bayan an kammala ta a watan Janairun 1944 a ƙarƙashin sunan ''Empire Arquebus'' . Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Yaƙi ta karɓe ta kuma Donaldson Bros & Black Ltd ne ke kula da ita ''. Empire Arquebus'' memba ne na [[Convoy CU 15]], wanda ya tashi daga [[New York (birni)|New York]] a ranar 22 ga Fabrairun 1944. Tana ɗauke da kayan kifi da ma'aikata. ''Empire Arquebus'' ya koma [[Convoy HX 280]] a teku a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu. <ref name="CU15">{{Cite web |title=CONVOY CU 15 |url=http://www.warsailors.com/convoys/cu15.html |access-date=8 January 2009 |publisher=Warsailors}}</ref> Convoy HX 280 ya isa [[Liverpool]] a ranar 9 ga Maris. <ref name="HX280">{{Cite web |title=CONVOY HX 280 |url=http://www.warsailors.com/convoys/hx280.html |access-date=8 January 2009 |publisher=Warsailors}}</ref> Ta shiga cikin saukar jiragen ruwa na Normandy, tana ɗauke da tallafin Mk3 Landing Craft Support (Matsakaici) 78, 109 da 112 na 542 Landing Craft Assault Flotilla da sojoji daga Hampshire Regiment zuwa Gold Beach . Bayan Normandy Landings, ''Empire Arquebus'' an ajiye shi a Clyde . <ref name="LCA">{{Cite web |title=524 LCA FLOTILLA |url=http://www.combinedops.com/524%20LCA.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129215326/https://www.combinedops.com/524%20LCA.htm |archive-date=29 January 2023 |access-date=8 January 2009 |publisher=combinedops.com}}</ref> Daga baya ''Empire Arquebus'' ya yi aiki a [[Yakin Pacific|Pacific]] . A watan Janairun 1945, Admiralty ta tilasta mata aiki kuma ta ba ta aikin HMS ''Cicero'', wanda a ƙarƙashin sunan ta ne ta yi hidimar sauran yaƙin, kodayake da alama an sanya mata suna ''Empire Arquebus'' . A shekarar 1945, an yi amfani da ''Empire Arquebus'' don jigilar sojoji daga [[Sydney]] da [[Brisbane]] ta New Ireland, New Britain da Manus zuwa Ponam . A lokacin wannan tafiya, jirgin ya cika da ƙwari masu tashi waɗanda suka shiga cikin ɗigon taba . <ref name="Beetle">{{Cite web |title=The reminiscences of Telegraphist Kenneth Peterkin. |url=https://www.royalnavyresearcharchive.org.uk/MONABS/Nabaron-1.html#openModal7 |access-date=8 January 2009 |publisher=Royal Navy Research Archive}}</ref> Jirgin ya isa Ponam a ranar 25 ga Maris 1945. <ref name="Arrival">{{Cite web |title=Operations at Ponam, Admiralty Islands |url=https://www.royalnavyresearcharchive.org.uk/MONABS/Nabaron-1.html#close |access-date=8 January 2009 |publisher=Royal Navy Research Archive}}</ref> Ƙarin buƙatun bayan ƙarshen yaƙin, an mayar da ita Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Yaƙi a watan Satumba na 1945, wanda ya mayar da ita ga Donaldson Bros & Black a ƙarƙashin sunan ta na asali ''Empire Arquebus'' . <ref name="Colledge" /> <ref name="mariners">{{Cite web |title=EMPIRE - A |url=http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/EmpireA.html |access-date=2008-11-24 |publisher=mariners-l.co.uk}}</ref> === Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu === ''Empire Arquebus'' ta yi tafiya tare da Donaldson Bros & Black har zuwa 1946, lokacin da aka mayar da ita ga Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka . An ajiye ta har sai da aka sayar da ita ga kamfanin Société Misr de Navigation Maritime [[Misra|na Masar]] a watan Nuwamba 1946, inda ta ɗauki sabon suna ''Al Sudan'' . <ref name="Colledge" /> <ref name="mariners">{{Cite web |title=EMPIRE - A |url=http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/EmpireA.html |access-date=2008-11-24 |publisher=mariners-l.co.uk}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/EmpireA.html "EMPIRE - A"]. mariners-l.co.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2008</span>.</cite></ref> Ta yi tafiya tare da su tsawon shekaru kaɗan, tana yin tafiye-tafiyen da ke ɗauke da mahajjata zuwa [[Jeddah]], kuma a wasu lokutan tana aiki a ƙarƙashin haya. Ta yi tafiye-tafiye da dama zuwa Ostiraliya. <ref name="Plowman9" /> Gwamnatin Masar ta karɓe ta a shekarar 1959, a lokacin da aka kafa ƙasar, kuma a shekarar 1961 ta kasance wani ɓangare na Kamfanin Jiragen Ruwa na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, wanda ya ci gaba da aiki da ita na tsawon shekaru 12 masu zuwa. <ref name="mariners" /> A shekarar 1973 ta koma mallakar wani kamfanin Masar, a wannan karon Kamfanin Navigation na Masar. An sayar da ita don a yi mata kwaskwarima a shekarar 1980, aka kuma ajiye ta a [[Suez]] . <ref name="mariners" /> Ta yi shekaru da yawa a wannan jihar, amma daga ƙarshe aka fara aiki a watan Yulin 1984 kuma aka wargaza ta gaba ɗaya a ranar 28 ga Maris 1987. <ref name="Plowman9" /> == Manazarta == dojewk3fbwg4ipalwf6xuy0ca0aqjuc 863644 863643 2026-06-22T05:49:31Z Engineer014 44591 863644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''HMS ''Cicero''''' jirgin ruwa ne mai saukar jiragen ruwa wanda ke aiki tare da Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Royal a ƙarshen [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . == Sana'a == === Lokacin Yaƙi === Kamfanin Consolidated Steel Corporation, Wilmington, [[California]] ne ya gina ta a matsayin ''Cape St Vincent'', kuma an canza ta bisa sharuɗɗan hayar rance jim kaɗan bayan an kammala ta a watan Janairun 1944 a ƙarƙashin sunan ''Empire Arquebus'' . Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Yaƙi ta karɓe ta kuma Donaldson Bros & Black Ltd ne ke kula da ita ''. Empire Arquebus'' memba ne na [[Convoy CU 15]], wanda ya tashi daga [[New York (birni)|New York]] a ranar 22 ga Fabrairun 1944. Tana ɗauke da kayan kifi da ma'aikata. ''Empire Arquebus'' ya koma [[Convoy HX 280]] a teku a ranar 29 ga Fabrairu. <ref name="CU15">{{Cite web |title=CONVOY CU 15 |url=http://www.warsailors.com/convoys/cu15.html |access-date=8 January 2009 |publisher=Warsailors}}</ref> Convoy HX 280 ya isa [[Liverpool]] a ranar 9 ga Maris. <ref name="HX280">{{Cite web |title=CONVOY HX 280 |url=http://www.warsailors.com/convoys/hx280.html |access-date=8 January 2009 |publisher=Warsailors}}</ref> Ta shiga cikin saukar jiragen ruwa na Normandy, tana ɗauke da tallafin Mk3 Landing Craft Support (Matsakaici) 78, 109 da 112 na 542 Landing Craft Assault Flotilla da sojoji daga Hampshire Regiment zuwa Gold Beach . Bayan Normandy Landings, ''Empire Arquebus'' an ajiye shi a Clyde . <ref name="LCA">{{Cite web |title=524 LCA FLOTILLA |url=http://www.combinedops.com/524%20LCA.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129215326/https://www.combinedops.com/524%20LCA.htm |archive-date=29 January 2023 |access-date=8 January 2009 |publisher=combinedops.com}}</ref> Daga baya ''Empire Arquebus'' ya yi aiki a [[Yakin Pacific|Pacific]] . A watan Janairun 1945, Admiralty ta tilasta mata aiki kuma ta ba ta aikin HMS ''Cicero'', wanda a ƙarƙashin sunan ta ne ta yi hidimar sauran yaƙin, kodayake da alama an sanya mata suna ''Empire Arquebus'' . A shekarar 1945, an yi amfani da ''Empire Arquebus'' don jigilar sojoji daga [[Sydney]] da [[Brisbane]] ta New Ireland, New Britain da Manus zuwa Ponam . A lokacin wannan tafiya, jirgin ya cika da ƙwari masu tashi waɗanda suka shiga cikin ɗigon taba . <ref name="Beetle">{{Cite web |title=The reminiscences of Telegraphist Kenneth Peterkin. |url=https://www.royalnavyresearcharchive.org.uk/MONABS/Nabaron-1.html#openModal7 |access-date=8 January 2009 |publisher=Royal Navy Research Archive}}</ref> Jirgin ya isa Ponam a ranar 25 ga Maris 1945. <ref name="Arrival">{{Cite web |title=Operations at Ponam, Admiralty Islands |url=https://www.royalnavyresearcharchive.org.uk/MONABS/Nabaron-1.html#close |access-date=8 January 2009 |publisher=Royal Navy Research Archive}}</ref> Ƙarin buƙatun bayan ƙarshen yaƙin, an mayar da ita Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Yaƙi a watan Satumba na 1945, wanda ya mayar da ita ga Donaldson Bros & Black a ƙarƙashin sunan ta na asali ''Empire Arquebus'' . <ref name="Colledge" /> <ref name="mariners">{{Cite web |title=EMPIRE - A |url=http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/EmpireA.html |access-date=2008-11-24 |publisher=mariners-l.co.uk}}</ref> === Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu === ''Empire Arquebus'' ta yi tafiya tare da Donaldson Bros & Black har zuwa 1946, lokacin da aka mayar da ita ga Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Amurka . An ajiye ta har sai da aka sayar da ita ga kamfanin Société Misr de Navigation Maritime [[Misra|na Masar]] a watan Nuwamba 1946, inda ta ɗauki sabon suna ''Al Sudan'' . <ref name="Colledge" /> <ref name="mariners">{{Cite web |title=EMPIRE - A |url=http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/EmpireA.html |access-date=2008-11-24 |publisher=mariners-l.co.uk}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/EmpireA.html "EMPIRE - A"]. mariners-l.co.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2008</span>.</cite></ref> Ta yi tafiya tare da su tsawon shekaru kaɗan, tana yin tafiye-tafiyen da ke ɗauke da mahajjata zuwa [[Jeddah]], kuma a wasu lokutan tana aiki a ƙarƙashin haya. Ta yi tafiye-tafiye da dama zuwa Ostiraliya. <ref name="Plowman9" /> Gwamnatin Masar ta karɓe ta a shekarar 1959, a lokacin da aka kafa ƙasar, kuma a shekarar 1961 ta kasance wani ɓangare na Kamfanin Jiragen Ruwa na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, wanda ya ci gaba da aiki da ita na tsawon shekaru 12 masu zuwa. <ref name="mariners" /> A shekarar 1973 ta koma mallakar wani kamfanin Masar, a wannan karon Kamfanin Navigation na Masar. An sayar da ita don a yi mata kwaskwarima a shekarar 1980, aka kuma ajiye ta a [[Suez]] . <ref name="mariners" /> Ta yi shekaru da yawa a wannan jihar, amma daga ƙarshe aka fara aiki a watan Yulin 1984 kuma aka wargaza ta gaba ɗaya a ranar 28 ga Maris 1987. <ref name="Plowman9" /> == Manazarta == 9m7psy9ft3f3rtvpv0gitg31zgcf870 0 159244 863645 2026-06-22T05:55:44Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333545480|Baris (ship)]]" 863645 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Baris''' ( Ancient Egyptian ; Ancient Greek ) wani nau'in jirgin ruwa ne na zamanin da na Masar, wanda Herodotus ya bayyana hanyar gina shi ta musamman <ref name="belov">{{Cite journal |last=Belov |first=Alexander |year=2014 |title=A New Type of Construction Evidenced by Ship 17 of Thonis-Heracleion |url=https://www.um.es/cepoat/arqueologiasubacuatica/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/A_new_type_of_construction_evidenced_by.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology |publisher=Center for Egyptological Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=314–329 |bibcode=2014IJNAr..43..314B |doi=10.1111/1095-9270.12060 |s2cid=163142733 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190317143706/https://www.um.es/cepoat/arqueologiasubacuatica/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/A_new_type_of_construction_evidenced_by.pdf |archive-date=2019-03-17 |access-date=2019-03-26}}</ref>, yana rubutu a kusan {{Nowrap|450 BC}} haihuwar Annabi Isa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Solly |first=Meilan |date=21 March 2019 |title=Wreck of Unusual Ship Described by Herodotus Recovered From Nile Delta |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/wreck-unusual-ship-described-herodotus-recovered-nile-delta-180971762/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118062332/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/wreck-unusual-ship-described-herodotus-recovered-nile-delta-180971762/ |archive-date=18 January 2024 |access-date=18 January 2024 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian Magazine]]}}</ref> Masana ilmin kayan tarihi da masana tarihi ba su sami tabbacin bayaninsa ba har sai da aka gano ragowar irin wannan jirgin a cikin ruwan da ke kewaye da Thonis-Heracleion a [[Abu Qir Bay|Aboukir Bay]] a shekara ta 2003. Jirgin, wanda aka sani da '''Ship 17''', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Baris, an Egyptian river boat |url=https://www.franckgoddio.org/fileadmin/pics/3_5_finds/documents/Franck_Goddio_Ship17.pdf |website=Franck Goddio Website}}</ref> jirgin ruwa na farko cikin jiragen ruwa 63 da aka samu a Thonis-Heraclion, <ref name="belov">{{Cite journal |last=Belov |first=Alexander |year=2014 |title=A New Type of Construction Evidenced by Ship 17 of Thonis-Heracleion |url=https://www.um.es/cepoat/arqueologiasubacuatica/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/A_new_type_of_construction_evidenced_by.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology |publisher=Center for Egyptological Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=314–329 |bibcode=2014IJNAr..43..314B |doi=10.1111/1095-9270.12060 |s2cid=163142733 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190317143706/https://www.um.es/cepoat/arqueologiasubacuatica/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/A_new_type_of_construction_evidenced_by.pdf |archive-date=2019-03-17 |access-date=2019-03-26}}</ref> yana da tsawon {{Convert|28|m|ftin}} a tsayi. An gina su ta amfani da wata dabara ta musamman don haɗa katakan katako masu kauri tare, kuma suna da wata hanyar tuƙi ta musamman tare da madaurin axial wanda ke ratsa keel na ƙwanƙolin . <ref name="alberge" /> <ref name="ouellette" /> Franck Goddio da Cibiyar Nazarin Kayan Tarihi ta Turai ne suka gudanar da aikin binciken kayan tarihi na ƙarƙashin ruwa, kuma ana buga sakamakon binciken a cikin wani littafi da [[Alexander Belov (archaeologist)|Alexander Belov]] ya rubuta don Cibiyar Nazarin Kayan Tarihi ta Ruwa ta Oxford . <ref name="ouellette">{{Cite web |last=Ouellette |first=Jennifer |author-link=Jennifer Ouellette |date=24 March 2019 |title=Shipwreck on Nile Vindicates Greek Historian's Account After 2500 Years |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/03/shipwreck-on-nile-vindicates-greek-historians-account-after-2500-years/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324234511/https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/03/shipwreck-on-nile-vindicates-greek-historians-account-after-2500-years/ |archive-date=24 March 2019 |access-date=24 March 2019 |website=[[Ars Technica]]}}</ref> == Siffofi == [[Fayil:Praeneste_-_Nile_Mosaic_-_Section_17_-_Detail.jpg|left|thumb|Zane na wani baris a cikin mosaic na Palestrina na kogin Nilu]] Herodotus ya ruwaito cewa an gina barides daga itacen [[Bagarwa|acacia]] . Allunan kusan {{Convert|1|m|ftin}} an yanke dogon lokaci daga itacen mai tauri kuma an gina harsashin jirgin daga gare su ta hanyar haɗa allunan a cikin tsari mai tsauri. Gilashin giciye sun taurare harsashin kuma an rufe haɗin gwiwar da [[papyrus]] . Herodotus ya jaddada cewa barides suna da ƙwanƙwasa ɗaya kawai, domin jiragen ruwan Girka koyaushe suna da madaukai biyu. Akwai rami a ƙasan jirgin wanda aka wuce da ƙwanƙwasa. Suna da mast ɗin da aka yi da itacen acacia tare da jirgin ruwa da aka yi da papyrus. Some etymologists and linguists hypothesize that the French word barge, whence the English word is derived, as well as the Spanish barco and the Italian barca, may be derived from the Vulgar Latin bārica. Bārica comes from the Latin bāris, which comes from the Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris), which is the Greek form of the Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare).[1] It has traditionally been related to the Celtic *par, itself perhaps from Gaulish, from whence was derived the name of the Parisii (Gaul) (singular Parisius), the Celtic tribe which lends its name to the city of Paris;[2] this argument, however, is etymologically dubious; with several other hypotheses being recorded, including one from Alfred Holder linking the Parisii to == Manazarta == gkgp4625y5mj3b0irbae0exzb2073tk 863646 863645 2026-06-22T05:56:24Z Engineer014 44591 863646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Baris''' ( Ancient Egyptian ; Ancient Greek ) wani nau'in jirgin ruwa ne na zamanin da na Masar, wanda Herodotus ya bayyana hanyar gina shi ta musamman <ref name="belov">{{Cite journal |last=Belov |first=Alexander |year=2014 |title=A New Type of Construction Evidenced by Ship 17 of Thonis-Heracleion |url=https://www.um.es/cepoat/arqueologiasubacuatica/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/A_new_type_of_construction_evidenced_by.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology |publisher=Center for Egyptological Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=314–329 |bibcode=2014IJNAr..43..314B |doi=10.1111/1095-9270.12060 |s2cid=163142733 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190317143706/https://www.um.es/cepoat/arqueologiasubacuatica/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/A_new_type_of_construction_evidenced_by.pdf |archive-date=2019-03-17 |access-date=2019-03-26}}</ref>, yana rubutu a kusan {{Nowrap|450 BC}} haihuwar Annabi Isa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Solly |first=Meilan |date=21 March 2019 |title=Wreck of Unusual Ship Described by Herodotus Recovered From Nile Delta |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/wreck-unusual-ship-described-herodotus-recovered-nile-delta-180971762/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118062332/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/wreck-unusual-ship-described-herodotus-recovered-nile-delta-180971762/ |archive-date=18 January 2024 |access-date=18 January 2024 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian Magazine]]}}</ref> Masana ilmin kayan tarihi da masana tarihi ba su sami tabbacin bayaninsa ba har sai da aka gano ragowar irin wannan jirgin a cikin ruwan da ke kewaye da Thonis-Heracleion a [[Abu Qir Bay|Aboukir Bay]] a shekara ta 2003. Jirgin, wanda aka sani da '''Ship 17''', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Baris, an Egyptian river boat |url=https://www.franckgoddio.org/fileadmin/pics/3_5_finds/documents/Franck_Goddio_Ship17.pdf |website=Franck Goddio Website}}</ref> jirgin ruwa na farko cikin jiragen ruwa 63 da aka samu a Thonis-Heraclion, <ref name="belov">{{Cite journal |last=Belov |first=Alexander |year=2014 |title=A New Type of Construction Evidenced by Ship 17 of Thonis-Heracleion |url=https://www.um.es/cepoat/arqueologiasubacuatica/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/A_new_type_of_construction_evidenced_by.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology |publisher=Center for Egyptological Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=314–329 |bibcode=2014IJNAr..43..314B |doi=10.1111/1095-9270.12060 |s2cid=163142733 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190317143706/https://www.um.es/cepoat/arqueologiasubacuatica/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/A_new_type_of_construction_evidenced_by.pdf |archive-date=2019-03-17 |access-date=2019-03-26}}</ref> yana da tsawon {{Convert|28|m|ftin}} a tsayi. An gina su ta amfani da wata dabara ta musamman don haɗa katakan katako masu kauri tare, kuma suna da wata hanyar tuƙi ta musamman tare da madaurin axial wanda ke ratsa keel na ƙwanƙolin . <ref name="alberge" /> <ref name="ouellette" /> Franck Goddio da Cibiyar Nazarin Kayan Tarihi ta Turai ne suka gudanar da aikin binciken kayan tarihi na ƙarƙashin ruwa, kuma ana buga sakamakon binciken a cikin wani littafi da [[Alexander Belov (archaeologist)|Alexander Belov]] ya rubuta don Cibiyar Nazarin Kayan Tarihi ta Ruwa ta Oxford . <ref name="ouellette">{{Cite web |last=Ouellette |first=Jennifer |author-link=Jennifer Ouellette |date=24 March 2019 |title=Shipwreck on Nile Vindicates Greek Historian's Account After 2500 Years |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/03/shipwreck-on-nile-vindicates-greek-historians-account-after-2500-years/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324234511/https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/03/shipwreck-on-nile-vindicates-greek-historians-account-after-2500-years/ |archive-date=24 March 2019 |access-date=24 March 2019 |website=[[Ars Technica]]}}</ref> == Siffofi == [[Fayil:Praeneste_-_Nile_Mosaic_-_Section_17_-_Detail.jpg|left|thumb|Zane na wani baris a cikin mosaic na Palestrina na kogin Nilu]] Herodotus ya ruwaito cewa an gina barides daga itacen [[Bagarwa|acacia]] . Allunan kusan {{Convert|1|m|ftin}} an yanke dogon lokaci daga itacen mai tauri kuma an gina harsashin jirgin daga gare su ta hanyar haɗa allunan a cikin tsari mai tsauri. Gilashin giciye sun taurare harsashin kuma an rufe haɗin gwiwar da [[papyrus]] . Herodotus ya jaddada cewa barides suna da ƙwanƙwasa ɗaya kawai, domin jiragen ruwan Girka koyaushe suna da madaukai biyu. Akwai rami a ƙasan jirgin wanda aka wuce da ƙwanƙwasa. Suna da mast ɗin da aka yi da itacen acacia tare da jirgin ruwa da aka yi da papyrus. Some etymologists and linguists hypothesize that the French word barge, whence the English word is derived, as well as the Spanish barco and the Italian barca, may be derived from the Vulgar Latin bārica. Bārica comes from the Latin bāris, which comes from the Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris), which is the Greek form of the Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare).[1] It has traditionally been related to the Celtic *par, itself perhaps from Gaulish, from whence was derived the name of the Parisii (Gaul) (singular Parisius), the Celtic tribe which lends its name to the city of Paris;[2] this argument, however, is etymologically dubious; with several other hypotheses being recorded, including one from Alfred Holder linking the Parisii to == Manazarta == k9i6cp2wralvl22ih5kkk52b914vbv1 0 159245 863647 2026-06-22T05:57:58Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334668697|Egyptian ship Charkieh]]" 863647 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Charkieh''''' wani jirgin tururin ƙarfe ne da aka harba a shekarar 1865. An gina ta a Leamouth kusa da Landan, Khedivate na Masar ne ya saye ta a matsayin jirgin tururin aika sako . Ta yi karo a kogin Thames a shekarar 1872 kuma daga ƙarshe ta lalace a gabar tekun Girka a shekarar 1900. == Bayani == Jirgin yana da {{Convert|267.7|ft|m|2}} tsayi, tare da katako mai tsawon {{Convert|35.8|ft|m|2}} da zurfin {{Convert|24.2|ft|m|2}} . Injin tururi mai silinda biyu ne ke amfani da ita, wanda ke da silinda mai {{Convert|38|in|cm}} da {{Convert|70|in|cm}}diamita na da {{Convert|48|in|cm}} . An ƙima shi a 283 nhp, <ref name="Charkieh" /> yana tuƙa propeller mai blades uku kuma yana iya tura jirgin a {{Convert|10.69|kn|km/h}} . James Jack & Co., <ref name="Charkieh">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=CHARKIEH |url=http://shippingandshipbuilding.uk/view.php?year_built=&builder=&ref=228858&vessel=CHARKIEH |access-date=21 March 2021 |website=shippingandshipbuilding.uk |publisher=UK Shipbuilders}}</ref> [[Liverpool]] ne suka gina injin. == Tarihi == An gina shi a Kamfanin Gina Jirgin Ruwa na Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company a shekarar 1865 ga Kamfanin Navigation na Azizieh Steam, amma Khedive na Masar ya saya shi a shekarar 1870 kan [[Fam na Masar|£]] 23,289, don ɗaukar wasiku. A shekarar 1872, an mayar da ita Ingila don gyarawa wanda ya haɗa da sabbin injinan dumama ruwa. [[Fayil:Wreck_of_the_Steamer_Batavier_1872.png|left|thumb|Fashewar jirgin ruwan ''Batavier'' na ƙasar Holland a cikin kogin Thames, bayan karo da ta yi da ''Charkieh'' a watan Oktoban 1872.]] A lokacin da ake gudanar da shari'o'i a Thames a Barking Reach a ranar 19 ga Oktoba, 1872, ''Charkieh'' ta yi karo da wani jirgin ruwa mai saukar ungulu na Holland, Batavier na layin Batavier . Jirgin ruwan Holland ya nutse, an ceto wadanda suka tsira ta hanyar ''Charkieh'' da ''Kundin Tsarin Mulki'', wani abin jan hankali da ke wucewa. An kashe jariri da wani ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=9 March 2007 |title=Batavier Line / Nederlandsche Stoomboot Maatschappij 1823-1920 |url=http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/lines/batavier.shtml |access-date=21 March 2021 |website=www.theshipslist.com |publisher=S. Swiggum and M. Kohli}}</ref> A wata shari'ar kotu da ta biyo baya, gwamnatin Masar ta yi ikirarin cewa tunda ''Charkieh'' tana shawagi da tutar Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Ottoman, babu wata tuta daban da ta ke da ita ga jiragen ruwan gwamnatin Masar, ta fada karkashin sunan jirgin ruwan yaki kuma saboda haka ta tsira daga shari'o'in da masu mallakar Holland suka yi. Babbar Kotun Admiralty ta yi watsi da ikirarin bisa dalilin cewa ''Charkieh'' ya zo da kayan kasuwanci daga Masar kuma "idan wani mai mulki ya dauki halin dan kasuwa, kuma ya aika da jirgin ruwa nasa zuwa wannan kasar don yin ciniki a nan, dole ne a dauke shi a matsayin wanda ya yafe duk wani gata da zai iya jingina da jirgin a matsayin mallakar mai mulki". An gano cewa ''Batavier'' ne ke da laifi. Da ta dawo, an yi mata aiki a kan hanyar [[Alexandria]] zuwa [[Istanbul|Constantinople]] . A lokacin Yaƙin Rasha da Turkiyya na 1877–1878, an yi amfani da ita a matsayin jirgin ruwa na sojojin [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] na ɗan lokaci. A shekarar 1879, an ajiye ta bayan da tukunyar ta ta lalace kuma James Jack & Co. ya sake sanya mata sabbin injinan dumama ruwa da injunan haɗaka na 1,500 ihp a Alexandria, wanda aka kammala a watan Satumba na 1881 akan farashin £ 10,500. A wani lokaci, an sanya wa ''Charkieh'' injin gwaji mai propeller mai blades shida. An rage yawan amfani da kwal da {{Convert|0.85|LT|kg}} a kowace rana don asarar {{Convert|0.04|kn|km/h}} a cikin sauri. == Manazarta == sbea0v2i6ghrwbmye645w85fxpzgu02 863648 863647 2026-06-22T05:58:22Z Engineer014 44591 863648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Charkieh''''' wani jirgin tururin ƙarfe ne da aka harba a shekarar 1865. An gina ta a Leamouth kusa da Landan, Khedivate na Masar ne ya saye ta a matsayin jirgin tururin aika sako . Ta yi karo a kogin Thames a shekarar 1872 kuma daga ƙarshe ta lalace a gabar tekun Girka a shekarar 1900. == Bayani == Jirgin yana da {{Convert|267.7|ft|m|2}} tsayi, tare da katako mai tsawon {{Convert|35.8|ft|m|2}} da zurfin {{Convert|24.2|ft|m|2}} . Injin tururi mai silinda biyu ne ke amfani da ita, wanda ke da silinda mai {{Convert|38|in|cm}} da {{Convert|70|in|cm}}diamita na da {{Convert|48|in|cm}} . An ƙima shi a 283 nhp, <ref name="Charkieh" /> yana tuƙa propeller mai blades uku kuma yana iya tura jirgin a {{Convert|10.69|kn|km/h}} . James Jack & Co., <ref name="Charkieh">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date= |title=CHARKIEH |url=http://shippingandshipbuilding.uk/view.php?year_built=&builder=&ref=228858&vessel=CHARKIEH |access-date=21 March 2021 |website=shippingandshipbuilding.uk |publisher=UK Shipbuilders}}</ref> [[Liverpool]] ne suka gina injin. == Tarihi == An gina shi a Kamfanin Gina Jirgin Ruwa na Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company a shekarar 1865 ga Kamfanin Navigation na Azizieh Steam, amma Khedive na Masar ya saya shi a shekarar 1870 kan [[Fam na Masar|£]] 23,289, don ɗaukar wasiku. A shekarar 1872, an mayar da ita Ingila don gyarawa wanda ya haɗa da sabbin injinan dumama ruwa. [[Fayil:Wreck_of_the_Steamer_Batavier_1872.png|left|thumb|Fashewar jirgin ruwan ''Batavier'' na ƙasar Holland a cikin kogin Thames, bayan karo da ta yi da ''Charkieh'' a watan Oktoban 1872.]] A lokacin da ake gudanar da shari'o'i a Thames a Barking Reach a ranar 19 ga Oktoba, 1872, ''Charkieh'' ta yi karo da wani jirgin ruwa mai saukar ungulu na Holland, Batavier na layin Batavier . Jirgin ruwan Holland ya nutse, an ceto wadanda suka tsira ta hanyar ''Charkieh'' da ''Kundin Tsarin Mulki'', wani abin jan hankali da ke wucewa. An kashe jariri da wani ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=9 March 2007 |title=Batavier Line / Nederlandsche Stoomboot Maatschappij 1823-1920 |url=http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/lines/batavier.shtml |access-date=21 March 2021 |website=www.theshipslist.com |publisher=S. Swiggum and M. Kohli}}</ref> A wata shari'ar kotu da ta biyo baya, gwamnatin Masar ta yi ikirarin cewa tunda ''Charkieh'' tana shawagi da tutar Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Ottoman, babu wata tuta daban da ta ke da ita ga jiragen ruwan gwamnatin Masar, ta fada karkashin sunan jirgin ruwan yaki kuma saboda haka ta tsira daga shari'o'in da masu mallakar Holland suka yi. Babbar Kotun Admiralty ta yi watsi da ikirarin bisa dalilin cewa ''Charkieh'' ya zo da kayan kasuwanci daga Masar kuma "idan wani mai mulki ya dauki halin dan kasuwa, kuma ya aika da jirgin ruwa nasa zuwa wannan kasar don yin ciniki a nan, dole ne a dauke shi a matsayin wanda ya yafe duk wani gata da zai iya jingina da jirgin a matsayin mallakar mai mulki". An gano cewa ''Batavier'' ne ke da laifi. Da ta dawo, an yi mata aiki a kan hanyar [[Alexandria]] zuwa [[Istanbul|Constantinople]] . A lokacin Yaƙin Rasha da Turkiyya na 1877–1878, an yi amfani da ita a matsayin jirgin ruwa na sojojin [[Daular Usmaniyya|Ottoman]] na ɗan lokaci. A shekarar 1879, an ajiye ta bayan da tukunyar ta ta lalace kuma James Jack & Co. ya sake sanya mata sabbin injinan dumama ruwa da injunan haɗaka na 1,500 ihp a Alexandria, wanda aka kammala a watan Satumba na 1881 akan farashin £ 10,500. A wani lokaci, an sanya wa ''Charkieh'' injin gwaji mai propeller mai blades shida. An rage yawan amfani da kwal da {{Convert|0.85|LT|kg}} a kowace rana don asarar {{Convert|0.04|kn|km/h}} a cikin sauri. == Manazarta == 19s7j4nn0nvuqjm3i7fz5vcwvpi0law 0 159246 863649 2026-06-22T06:00:28Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1295987717|Dahshur boats]]" 863649 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jiragen ruwan Dahshur''' rukuni ne na tsoffin [[Jiragen ruwa na sarauta na Masar na dā|jiragen ruwan jana'iza]] [[Tsohuwar Masar|na Masar]], waɗanda a da sunansu biyar ko shida, an gano su kusa da ginin jana'izar [[Fir'auna]] [[Senusret na III|Senusret III]] na Daular 12. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-07}}</ref> == tono ƙasa == An gano jiragen ruwan ne a lokacin haƙa a filin [[Dahshur]] a shekarun 1894 da 1895 ta hannun masanin ilmin kayan tarihi na Faransa Jacques de Morgan . <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=The Cairo Dahshur Boats, a Digital Exhibit |url=http://cairodahshur.imrd.org/ |access-date=2021-12-29 |website=cairodahshur.imrd.org}}</ref> Rahotonsa na asali na haƙa jiragen ruwa ya tattara jiragen ruwa shida; duk da haka, rahotannin daga baya na de Morgan sun ce biyar ne kawai. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-07}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf "THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf Archived] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2021-05-07.</cite></ref> Jiragen ruwan sun faɗi cikin duhu har sai da aka yi nazarin jiragen ruwa biyu a tsakiyar shekarun 1980. <ref name=":12" /> Ya zuwa shekarar 2022, an san wuraren da jiragen ruwa huɗu kawai suke; Jirgin ruwan Carnegie da jirgin ruwan Chicago suna cikin Amurka, wanda ke cikin Gidan Tarihin Tarihin Halitta na Carnegie da ke Pittsburgh, da kuma Gidan Tarihin Tarihin Halitta na Field da ke [[Chicago]], bi da bi. An nuna jirgin ruwan Ja da jirgin Fari a Gidan Tarihin Alkahira, amma daga baya aka mayar da su [[Sharm El-Sheikh Museum|Gidan Tarihin Sharm El-Sheikh]] . <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2020-06-02 |title=Sharm El-Sheikh Museum receives King Senusret III boats from Egyptian Museum in Tahrir |url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/88232/Sharm-El-Sheikh-Museum-receives-King-Senusret-III-boats-from |access-date=2021-12-29 |website=EgyptToday}}</ref> === Dabaru na gini === Duk jiragen ruwa huɗu a halin yanzu suna nuna haɗin dovetail tsakanin alluna. <ref name=":0" /> Ana yawan ganin haɗin dovetail a cikin kayan daki na Masar na da, da sauran abubuwan katako, kamar akwatunan gawa, amma ba a cika ganin su a cikin jirgin ruwa ba. <ref name=":0" /> Mafi yawanci, jiragen ruwan Masar suna amfani da tsarin igiya da haɗin mortise da tenon, wanda ya taimaka wajen hana allunan harsashin su rabu a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba. <ref name=":0" /> Wurare kawai da ake iya gani a kan jiragen ruwan Dahshur, sune baka, baya, da kuma saman strake . <ref name=":0" /> Haɗin dovetail suma suna nan a kan sledges da aka samu kusa da jiragen. <ref name=":0" /> An gabatar da wata ka'ida da ke nuna cewa haɗin dovetail da aka samu a kan jiragen ruwan maimakon haka kawai yanke ne da aka gyara bayan haƙa kwale-kwale. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=introduction to Nautical Archaeology Notes - The Royal Ship of Khufu |url=https://nautarch.tamu.edu/class/316/dashur/ |access-date=2022-01-01 |website=nautarch.tamu.edu}}</ref> Duk da haka, a cikin 2006, haƙa kwale-kwale a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Wadi Gawasis ta Daular 12 ya yi iƙirarin gano katakon jirgin ruwa waɗanda ke amfani da haɗin dovetail kamar yadda jiragen ruwa na Dahshur suka yi. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2006 |title=4,000-year-old shipyard unearthed in Egypt |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna11705263 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029173205/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna11705263 |archive-date=October 29, 2020 |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> == Jirgin ruwan Carnegie == An ba da gudummawar jirgin ruwan Carnegie ga Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Halitta na Carnegie a shekarar 1901 ta hannun [[Andrew Carnegie]] . Lokacin da ya sayi jirgin bai gaya wa Daraktan Gidan Tarihi na WJ Holland ba. Lokacin da jirgin ya iso, Holland ta shaida wa ''jaridar Pittsburgh Times'' cewa "bai yi wa kowa wasiƙa game da irin wannan kayan tarihi ba." <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-01-11 |title=Did you know that in addition to needing a larger museum... |url=https://carnegiemnh.org/know-addition-needing-larger-museum/ |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=Carnegie Museum of Natural History |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana kiyaye shi a wani dakin gwaje-gwaje da ake gani a Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Halitta na Carnegie. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-11 |title=Funerary boat |url=https://carnegiemnh.org/funerary-boat/ |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=Carnegie Museum of Natural History |language=en-US}}</ref> == Jirgin ruwan Chicago == Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Halitta na Field ya sayi jirgin ruwan Chicago a shekarar 1900, kuma tun daga lokacin aka nuna shi a gidan tarihi. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=FMNH 31760.nosub[2] {{!}} Anthropological Collections |url=https://collections-anthropology.fieldmuseum.org/catalogue/1414264 |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=collections-anthropology.fieldmuseum.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=4,000-Year-Old Funeral Boat Gently Moved into Elaborate Museum Tomb Scene |url=https://apnews.com/article/31b7f283e5fbfd0bc6417aab96c387a2 |website=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> == Jirgin ruwa ja da jirgin ruwa fari == Jirgin ruwan Ja da na Fari dukkansu de Morgan ne ya ba su sunayensu. Duk da haka, an san su ne kawai da lambobin Kasida na Janar: GC 4926 don jirgin ruwan Ja da kuma GC 4925 don jirgin ruwan Fari. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-07}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf "THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf Archived] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2021-05-07.</cite></ref> An nuna jiragen ruwan a Gidan Tarihi na Alkahira daga 1910 zuwa 2020, lokacin da aka mayar da su [[Sharm El-Sheikh Museum|Gidan Tarihi na Sharm El-Sheikh]] . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2020-06-02 |title=Sharm El-Sheikh Museum receives King Senusret III boats from Egyptian Museum in Tahrir |url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/88232/Sharm-El-Sheikh-Museum-receives-King-Senusret-III-boats-from |access-date=2021-12-29 |website=EgyptToday}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/88232/Sharm-El-Sheikh-Museum-receives-King-Senusret-III-boats-from "Sharm El-Sheikh Museum receives King Senusret III boats from Egyptian Museum in Tahrir"]. ''EgyptToday''. 2020-06-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2020-06-02 |title=Sharm El-Sheikh Museum Receives Artifacts ahead of Opening - Sada El balad |url=https://see.news/egyptian-museum-sharm-el-sheikh-museum-south-sinai-governorate/ |access-date=2022-01-01 |language=en-US}}</ref> A lokacin da suka koma Gidan Tarihi na Sharm El-Sheikh, an yi jigilar jiragen ruwan biyu ta amfani da chassis na bakin karfe don sauƙin motsi da ɗagawa. <ref name=":3" /> == Jirgin ruwa na biyar mai yiwuwa == Ba a san makomar jirgin ruwa na biyar da de Morgan ya bayyana ba. An yi hasashen cewa an fitar da shi zuwa gidan tarihi a Turai, ko kuma an bar shi a Dahshur. Wataƙila kuma gobara ta lalata shi, tare da shaidar gobara da aka samu a ɗaya daga cikin sauran jiragen. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-07}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf "THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf Archived] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2021-05-07.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == 4zmrndrypums4fjv6ssrlv2jjw3wu57 863650 863649 2026-06-22T06:00:52Z Engineer014 44591 863650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jiragen ruwan Dahshur''' rukuni ne na tsoffin [[Jiragen ruwa na sarauta na Masar na dā|jiragen ruwan jana'iza]] [[Tsohuwar Masar|na Masar]], waɗanda a da sunansu biyar ko shida, an gano su kusa da ginin jana'izar [[Fir'auna]] [[Senusret na III|Senusret III]] na Daular 12. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-07}}</ref> == tono ƙasa == An gano jiragen ruwan ne a lokacin haƙa a filin [[Dahshur]] a shekarun 1894 da 1895 ta hannun masanin ilmin kayan tarihi na Faransa Jacques de Morgan . <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=The Cairo Dahshur Boats, a Digital Exhibit |url=http://cairodahshur.imrd.org/ |access-date=2021-12-29 |website=cairodahshur.imrd.org}}</ref> Rahotonsa na asali na haƙa jiragen ruwa ya tattara jiragen ruwa shida; duk da haka, rahotannin daga baya na de Morgan sun ce biyar ne kawai. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-07}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf "THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf Archived] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2021-05-07.</cite></ref> Jiragen ruwan sun faɗi cikin duhu har sai da aka yi nazarin jiragen ruwa biyu a tsakiyar shekarun 1980. <ref name=":12" /> Ya zuwa shekarar 2022, an san wuraren da jiragen ruwa huɗu kawai suke; Jirgin ruwan Carnegie da jirgin ruwan Chicago suna cikin Amurka, wanda ke cikin Gidan Tarihin Tarihin Halitta na Carnegie da ke Pittsburgh, da kuma Gidan Tarihin Tarihin Halitta na Field da ke [[Chicago]], bi da bi. An nuna jirgin ruwan Ja da jirgin Fari a Gidan Tarihin Alkahira, amma daga baya aka mayar da su [[Sharm El-Sheikh Museum|Gidan Tarihin Sharm El-Sheikh]] . <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2020-06-02 |title=Sharm El-Sheikh Museum receives King Senusret III boats from Egyptian Museum in Tahrir |url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/88232/Sharm-El-Sheikh-Museum-receives-King-Senusret-III-boats-from |access-date=2021-12-29 |website=EgyptToday}}</ref> === Dabaru na gini === Duk jiragen ruwa huɗu a halin yanzu suna nuna haɗin dovetail tsakanin alluna. <ref name=":0" /> Ana yawan ganin haɗin dovetail a cikin kayan daki na Masar na da, da sauran abubuwan katako, kamar akwatunan gawa, amma ba a cika ganin su a cikin jirgin ruwa ba. <ref name=":0" /> Mafi yawanci, jiragen ruwan Masar suna amfani da tsarin igiya da haɗin mortise da tenon, wanda ya taimaka wajen hana allunan harsashin su rabu a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba. <ref name=":0" /> Wurare kawai da ake iya gani a kan jiragen ruwan Dahshur, sune baka, baya, da kuma saman strake . <ref name=":0" /> Haɗin dovetail suma suna nan a kan sledges da aka samu kusa da jiragen. <ref name=":0" /> An gabatar da wata ka'ida da ke nuna cewa haɗin dovetail da aka samu a kan jiragen ruwan maimakon haka kawai yanke ne da aka gyara bayan haƙa kwale-kwale. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=introduction to Nautical Archaeology Notes - The Royal Ship of Khufu |url=https://nautarch.tamu.edu/class/316/dashur/ |access-date=2022-01-01 |website=nautarch.tamu.edu}}</ref> Duk da haka, a cikin 2006, haƙa kwale-kwale a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Wadi Gawasis ta Daular 12 ya yi iƙirarin gano katakon jirgin ruwa waɗanda ke amfani da haɗin dovetail kamar yadda jiragen ruwa na Dahshur suka yi. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2006 |title=4,000-year-old shipyard unearthed in Egypt |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna11705263 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029173205/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna11705263 |archive-date=October 29, 2020 |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> == Jirgin ruwan Carnegie == An ba da gudummawar jirgin ruwan Carnegie ga Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Halitta na Carnegie a shekarar 1901 ta hannun [[Andrew Carnegie]] . Lokacin da ya sayi jirgin bai gaya wa Daraktan Gidan Tarihi na WJ Holland ba. Lokacin da jirgin ya iso, Holland ta shaida wa ''jaridar Pittsburgh Times'' cewa "bai yi wa kowa wasiƙa game da irin wannan kayan tarihi ba." <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-01-11 |title=Did you know that in addition to needing a larger museum... |url=https://carnegiemnh.org/know-addition-needing-larger-museum/ |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=Carnegie Museum of Natural History |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana kiyaye shi a wani dakin gwaje-gwaje da ake gani a Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Halitta na Carnegie. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-11 |title=Funerary boat |url=https://carnegiemnh.org/funerary-boat/ |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=Carnegie Museum of Natural History |language=en-US}}</ref> == Jirgin ruwan Chicago == Gidan Tarihi na Tarihin Halitta na Field ya sayi jirgin ruwan Chicago a shekarar 1900, kuma tun daga lokacin aka nuna shi a gidan tarihi. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=FMNH 31760.nosub[2] {{!}} Anthropological Collections |url=https://collections-anthropology.fieldmuseum.org/catalogue/1414264 |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=collections-anthropology.fieldmuseum.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=4,000-Year-Old Funeral Boat Gently Moved into Elaborate Museum Tomb Scene |url=https://apnews.com/article/31b7f283e5fbfd0bc6417aab96c387a2 |website=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> == Jirgin ruwa ja da jirgin ruwa fari == Jirgin ruwan Ja da na Fari dukkansu de Morgan ne ya ba su sunayensu. Duk da haka, an san su ne kawai da lambobin Kasida na Janar: GC 4926 don jirgin ruwan Ja da kuma GC 4925 don jirgin ruwan Fari. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-07}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf "THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf Archived] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2021-05-07.</cite></ref> An nuna jiragen ruwan a Gidan Tarihi na Alkahira daga 1910 zuwa 2020, lokacin da aka mayar da su [[Sharm El-Sheikh Museum|Gidan Tarihi na Sharm El-Sheikh]] . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2020-06-02 |title=Sharm El-Sheikh Museum receives King Senusret III boats from Egyptian Museum in Tahrir |url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/88232/Sharm-El-Sheikh-Museum-receives-King-Senusret-III-boats-from |access-date=2021-12-29 |website=EgyptToday}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/88232/Sharm-El-Sheikh-Museum-receives-King-Senusret-III-boats-from "Sharm El-Sheikh Museum receives King Senusret III boats from Egyptian Museum in Tahrir"]. ''EgyptToday''. 2020-06-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-29</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2020-06-02 |title=Sharm El-Sheikh Museum Receives Artifacts ahead of Opening - Sada El balad |url=https://see.news/egyptian-museum-sharm-el-sheikh-museum-south-sinai-governorate/ |access-date=2022-01-01 |language=en-US}}</ref> A lokacin da suka koma Gidan Tarihi na Sharm El-Sheikh, an yi jigilar jiragen ruwan biyu ta amfani da chassis na bakin karfe don sauƙin motsi da ɗagawa. <ref name=":3" /> == Jirgin ruwa na biyar mai yiwuwa == Ba a san makomar jirgin ruwa na biyar da de Morgan ya bayyana ba. An yi hasashen cewa an fitar da shi zuwa gidan tarihi a Turai, ko kuma an bar shi a Dahshur. Wataƙila kuma gobara ta lalata shi, tare da shaidar gobara da aka samu a ɗaya daga cikin sauran jiragen. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-07}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf "THE CAIRO DAHSHUR BOATS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210507021522/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4271779.pdf Archived] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2021-05-07.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == ab8knp1du1ewzvlzjicwkb3ot99s42j 0 159247 863654 2026-06-22T06:15:33Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336004715|SS Said]]" 863654 wikitext text/x-wiki '''SS ''Said''''' wani jirgin ruwa ne na jigilar kaya na Masar wanda jirgin ruwan karkashin ruwa na Jamus mai suna <nowiki><i id="mwCg">U-83</i></nowiki> ya yi harsasai ya kuma nutse a ranar 8 ga Yuni, 1942 a [[Bahar Rum|Tekun Bahar Rum mai]] {{Convert|15|nmi|km}} kudu maso yammacin [[Jaffa]], [[Falasdinu]] . ''Said'' yana ɗauke da kaya na yau da kullun waɗanda suka kai tan 50 zuwa 60, ciki har da taba daga [[Mersin]], [[Turkiyya]] zuwa [[Alexandria]], [[Misra|Masar]] . <ref name="ASM">{{Cite web |date=1995 |title=Said |url=https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/1755.html |access-date=14 June 2020 |publisher=uboat.net}}</ref> == Gine-gine == An gina ''Said'' a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Cammell Laird & Co. da ke Birkenhead, Birtaniya a shekarar 1886. Inda aka ƙaddamar da ita aka kuma kammala ta a wannan shekarar. An tantance ta a matsayin 231 GRT . <ref name="NHE">{{Cite web |date=22 December 2009 |title=SS Said [+1942] |url=https://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?58465 |access-date=14 June 2020 |publisher=wrecksite.eu}}</ref> == Nitsewa == Yayin da ''Said'' ke kan hanyarta ta yau da kullun daga [[Mersin]] zuwa [[Alexandria]] dauke da kayan dakon kaya na tan 50 zuwa 60, ciki har da taba, jirgin ruwan Jamus mai <nowiki><i id="mwKw">suna U-83</i></nowiki> ya gan ta da ƙarfe 5:11 na safe a ranar 8 ga Yuni 1942. Jirgin ''ruwan U-83'' ya harba mata torpedoes guda biyu amma dukansu ba su samu ba. Bayan harin da bai yi nasara ba, ''jirgin U-83'' ya fito ya yi wa ''Said'' ruwan harsasai 50 daga bindigar jirgin ruwan. ''Said'' ya nutse a {{Convert|15|nmi|km}} kudu maso yammacin [[Jaffa]], [[Falasdinu]] tare da asarar ma'aikatanta biyar daga cikin 14. <ref name="NHE" /> Rushewar ''Said'' tana da zurfin {{Convert|58|m|ftin}} a ( == Manazarta == a3lvjyghgnpv0jo6r8ceitpy31l5ioa 863655 863654 2026-06-22T06:15:58Z Engineer014 44591 863655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''SS ''Said''''' wani jirgin ruwa ne na jigilar kaya na Masar wanda jirgin ruwan karkashin ruwa na Jamus mai suna <nowiki><i id="mwCg">U-83</i></nowiki> ya yi harsasai ya kuma nutse a ranar 8 ga Yuni, 1942 a [[Bahar Rum|Tekun Bahar Rum mai]] {{Convert|15|nmi|km}} kudu maso yammacin [[Jaffa]], [[Falasdinu]] . ''Said'' yana ɗauke da kaya na yau da kullun waɗanda suka kai tan 50 zuwa 60, ciki har da taba daga [[Mersin]], [[Turkiyya]] zuwa [[Alexandria]], [[Misra|Masar]] . <ref name="ASM">{{Cite web |date=1995 |title=Said |url=https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/1755.html |access-date=14 June 2020 |publisher=uboat.net}}</ref> == Gine-gine == An gina ''Said'' a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Cammell Laird & Co. da ke Birkenhead, Birtaniya a shekarar 1886. Inda aka ƙaddamar da ita aka kuma kammala ta a wannan shekarar. An tantance ta a matsayin 231 GRT . <ref name="NHE">{{Cite web |date=22 December 2009 |title=SS Said [+1942] |url=https://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?58465 |access-date=14 June 2020 |publisher=wrecksite.eu}}</ref> == Nitsewa == Yayin da ''Said'' ke kan hanyarta ta yau da kullun daga [[Mersin]] zuwa [[Alexandria]] dauke da kayan dakon kaya na tan 50 zuwa 60, ciki har da taba, jirgin ruwan Jamus mai <nowiki><i id="mwKw">suna U-83</i></nowiki> ya gan ta da ƙarfe 5:11 na safe a ranar 8 ga Yuni 1942. Jirgin ''ruwan U-83'' ya harba mata torpedoes guda biyu amma dukansu ba su samu ba. Bayan harin da bai yi nasara ba, ''jirgin U-83'' ya fito ya yi wa ''Said'' ruwan harsasai 50 daga bindigar jirgin ruwan. ''Said'' ya nutse a {{Convert|15|nmi|km}} kudu maso yammacin [[Jaffa]], [[Falasdinu]] tare da asarar ma'aikatanta biyar daga cikin 14. <ref name="NHE" /> Rushewar ''Said'' tana da zurfin {{Convert|58|m|ftin}} a ( == Manazarta == 9k7hqde3l5yl6lsqxrr9qi22o6mbwue 0 159248 863656 2026-06-22T06:16:45Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327709301|Admiral Mann (1800 ship)]]" 863656 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''Admiral Mann''''' wani jirgin ruwa ne na ƙasar Denmark da aka gina a shekarar 1782 wanda ya shigo hannun Birtaniya a shekarar 1799. Ta fara bayyana a cikin ''Lloyd's Register'' a shekarar 1800, sannan kuma a fayyace ta sosai a shekarar 1801 (kodayake da sunan ''Admiral Man'' ), tare da W. Tear, master, Burridge, mai shi, kuma mai ciniki a Portsmouth transport. Sufurin ''Admiral Mann'' yana cikin jiragen ruwa da dama da suka lalace a [[Alexandria]], Masar, a ƙarshen Janairu 1802. Shigarta cikin ''Rijistar Jigilar Kaya'' ta 1802 an yi mata alama da "Lost". == Manazarta == 9kmv717iytb097eticjia3s8snevrhc 863657 863656 2026-06-22T06:17:09Z Engineer014 44591 863657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Admiral Mann''''' wani jirgin ruwa ne na ƙasar Denmark da aka gina a shekarar 1782 wanda ya shigo hannun Birtaniya a shekarar 1799. Ta fara bayyana a cikin ''Lloyd's Register'' a shekarar 1800, sannan kuma a fayyace ta sosai a shekarar 1801 (kodayake da sunan ''Admiral Man'' ), tare da W. Tear, master, Burridge, mai shi, kuma mai ciniki a Portsmouth transport. Sufurin ''Admiral Mann'' yana cikin jiragen ruwa da dama da suka lalace a [[Alexandria]], Masar, a ƙarshen Janairu 1802. Shigarta cikin ''Rijistar Jigilar Kaya'' ta 1802 an yi mata alama da "Lost". == Manazarta == hlc4p6ad96g7jj3bvtpgy5uq1nlywbe 0 159249 863658 2026-06-22T06:18:49Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358264132|Cleopatra (cylinder ship)]]" 863658 wikitext text/x-wiki Jirgin '''''Cleopatra''''' [[Cylinder ship|jirgin ruwa]] ne da aka ƙera don ɗaukar Cleopatra's Needle daga [[Alexandria]], Masar zuwa [[Landan|London]], Ingila a shekara ta 1877. Obelisk na Masar ya kai nauyin sama da {{Cvt|200|t|kg}} . An lulluɓe shi a cikin wani pontoon na ƙarfe mai siffar silinda, wanda aka birgima shi da majajjawa da sarƙoƙi a kan hanya zuwa cikin teku. An sanya wa pontoon ɗin kayan bene, mast, trudder da kayan sitiyari, kuma matuƙan jirgin ruwan [[Malta]] ne suka yi masa hidima. Jirgin ruwan ''Olga'' ya ja pontoon ɗin zuwa Burtaniya, ya bar a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1877. Kyaftin Henry Carter ya kula da {{'}} ''Cleopatra'' kuma ya zama kwamandanta, yayin da Kyaftin Booth ya jagoranci ''Olga'' . A ranar 14 ga Oktoba, 1877 {{'}} ''Cleopatra'' na cikin haɗarin nutsewa daga Faransa a Tekun Biscay . ''Olga'' ta aika da masu sa kai shida a cikin kwale-kwale don su ɗauki ma'aikatan ''Cleopatra'', amma jirgin ruwan ya mamaye kuma masu sa kai suka nutse. Daga ƙarshe ''Olga'' ta sami damar zana tare da ceto ma'aikatan ''Cleopatra'' guda biyar da kyaftin . Sun yanke igiyar mannewa suka bar jirgin a cikin teku. Bayan kwana biyar {{'}} wani jirgi ya hango ''Cleopatra'' yana shawagi ba tare da lalacewa ba a gabar tekun arewacin Spain, kuma aka ja ta zuwa Ferrol, Galicia. A can ne jirgin ruwan ''Anglia'' mai tururi ya isa don ya ja ta zuwa London. Jiragen ruwan sun isa Gravesend, Ingila a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1878. <ref name="RMG">{{Cite web |title=Cleopatra's needle being brought to England, 1877 |url=http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/12133.html |access-date=14 August 2018 |website=Royal Museums Greenwich}} Content is copied from this source, which is protected by Crown copyright. Reuse is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged.</ref> An wargaza ''Cleopatra'' nan da nan bayan an cire obelisk a ranar 6 ga Yuli, 1878. An sanya Allurar a kan Thames Embankment a watan Satumba, 1878, inda har yanzu take {{As of|2026}} . <ref name="RMG" /> == Zane == An ƙera ''Cleopatra'' ta injiniya John Dixon, kuma ainihin silinda ce mai ramin ƙarfe <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cleopatra's Needle |url=http://thamestugs.co.uk/THAT-DARN-NEEDLE%21.php |access-date= |website=Thames Tugs |publisher=}}</ref> {{Cvt|92|ft}} tsayi da {{Cvt|16|ft}} diamita. An ƙara masa baka, gefen da ke tsaye, madaurin jirgin ruwa, bangon gefe guda biyu, da kuma mast don yin filafilai don daidaita jirgin. An gina gada don ɗaukar ma'aikatan jirgin. An tsara shi a matsayin pontoon, kuma an zaɓi siffar silinda saboda ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi (kuɗin masu zaman kansu daga masu sayayya). Silinda, wadda aka yi da lanƙwasa na ƙarfe mai sheet-metal tare, an gina ta a zahiri a kusa da obelisk, tare da sassan ciki masu zagaye da aka yi amfani da su azaman kayan gado don [[monolith]] . [[Fayil:Cleopatra's_needle_being_brought_to_England,_1877_RMG_BHC0641.tiff|thumb|An kawo allurar Cleopatra zuwa Ingila, 1877]] An rufe ƙarshen biyu da kambin katako. Silinda za ta iya hawa kan [[Nil|kogin Nilu]] ba tare da wani ƙoƙari ba, ta amfani da kebul da aka yi amfani da winch . A lokacin harbawa, wani dutse da aka ɓoye a cikin laka ya huda silinda, wanda daga nan ya toshe hanyar ruwa. Bayan an ja shi zuwa wani busasshen tashar jiragen ruwa ta Masar, an mayar da silinda zuwa jirgin ruwa ta hanyar ƙara wani abin da aka yi da layin dogo, baka da baya mai madauri da rufin don kare ma'aikatan jirgin. Yana ɗauke da mast guda ɗaya da aka yi da gaff da safar gaba . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Barge Cleopatra, Britain, 1878 |url=http://www.waldenfont.com/papermodels/product.asp?productID=14 |access-date= |website= |publisher=}}</ref> == Manazarta == 0c17vlhime7qjyipkqzpbehsdyjyl3z 863659 863658 2026-06-22T06:19:11Z Engineer014 44591 863659 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Jirgin '''''Cleopatra''''' [[Cylinder ship|jirgin ruwa]] ne da aka ƙera don ɗaukar Cleopatra's Needle daga [[Alexandria]], Masar zuwa [[Landan|London]], Ingila a shekara ta 1877. Obelisk na Masar ya kai nauyin sama da {{Cvt|200|t|kg}} . An lulluɓe shi a cikin wani pontoon na ƙarfe mai siffar silinda, wanda aka birgima shi da majajjawa da sarƙoƙi a kan hanya zuwa cikin teku. An sanya wa pontoon ɗin kayan bene, mast, trudder da kayan sitiyari, kuma matuƙan jirgin ruwan [[Malta]] ne suka yi masa hidima. Jirgin ruwan ''Olga'' ya ja pontoon ɗin zuwa Burtaniya, ya bar a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1877. Kyaftin Henry Carter ya kula da {{'}} ''Cleopatra'' kuma ya zama kwamandanta, yayin da Kyaftin Booth ya jagoranci ''Olga'' . A ranar 14 ga Oktoba, 1877 {{'}} ''Cleopatra'' na cikin haɗarin nutsewa daga Faransa a Tekun Biscay . ''Olga'' ta aika da masu sa kai shida a cikin kwale-kwale don su ɗauki ma'aikatan ''Cleopatra'', amma jirgin ruwan ya mamaye kuma masu sa kai suka nutse. Daga ƙarshe ''Olga'' ta sami damar zana tare da ceto ma'aikatan ''Cleopatra'' guda biyar da kyaftin . Sun yanke igiyar mannewa suka bar jirgin a cikin teku. Bayan kwana biyar {{'}} wani jirgi ya hango ''Cleopatra'' yana shawagi ba tare da lalacewa ba a gabar tekun arewacin Spain, kuma aka ja ta zuwa Ferrol, Galicia. A can ne jirgin ruwan ''Anglia'' mai tururi ya isa don ya ja ta zuwa London. Jiragen ruwan sun isa Gravesend, Ingila a ranar 21 ga Janairu, 1878. <ref name="RMG">{{Cite web |title=Cleopatra's needle being brought to England, 1877 |url=http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/12133.html |access-date=14 August 2018 |website=Royal Museums Greenwich}} Content is copied from this source, which is protected by Crown copyright. Reuse is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged.</ref> An wargaza ''Cleopatra'' nan da nan bayan an cire obelisk a ranar 6 ga Yuli, 1878. An sanya Allurar a kan Thames Embankment a watan Satumba, 1878, inda har yanzu take {{As of|2026}} . <ref name="RMG" /> == Zane == An ƙera ''Cleopatra'' ta injiniya John Dixon, kuma ainihin silinda ce mai ramin ƙarfe <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cleopatra's Needle |url=http://thamestugs.co.uk/THAT-DARN-NEEDLE%21.php |access-date= |website=Thames Tugs |publisher=}}</ref> {{Cvt|92|ft}} tsayi da {{Cvt|16|ft}} diamita. An ƙara masa baka, gefen da ke tsaye, madaurin jirgin ruwa, bangon gefe guda biyu, da kuma mast don yin filafilai don daidaita jirgin. An gina gada don ɗaukar ma'aikatan jirgin. An tsara shi a matsayin pontoon, kuma an zaɓi siffar silinda saboda ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi (kuɗin masu zaman kansu daga masu sayayya). Silinda, wadda aka yi da lanƙwasa na ƙarfe mai sheet-metal tare, an gina ta a zahiri a kusa da obelisk, tare da sassan ciki masu zagaye da aka yi amfani da su azaman kayan gado don [[monolith]] . [[Fayil:Cleopatra's_needle_being_brought_to_England,_1877_RMG_BHC0641.tiff|thumb|An kawo allurar Cleopatra zuwa Ingila, 1877]] An rufe ƙarshen biyu da kambin katako. Silinda za ta iya hawa kan [[Nil|kogin Nilu]] ba tare da wani ƙoƙari ba, ta amfani da kebul da aka yi amfani da winch . A lokacin harbawa, wani dutse da aka ɓoye a cikin laka ya huda silinda, wanda daga nan ya toshe hanyar ruwa. Bayan an ja shi zuwa wani busasshen tashar jiragen ruwa ta Masar, an mayar da silinda zuwa jirgin ruwa ta hanyar ƙara wani abin da aka yi da layin dogo, baka da baya mai madauri da rufin don kare ma'aikatan jirgin. Yana ɗauke da mast guda ɗaya da aka yi da gaff da safar gaba . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Barge Cleopatra, Britain, 1878 |url=http://www.waldenfont.com/papermodels/product.asp?productID=14 |access-date= |website= |publisher=}}</ref> == Manazarta == tae5dxspr2sdc2n6ojx0zm27ge0sgmw 0 159250 863660 2026-06-22T06:20:42Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337608502|HMS Defender (H07)]]" 863660 wikitext text/x-wiki '''HMS ''Defender''''' wani jirgin ruwa ne mai lalata jiragen ruwa na D-class wanda aka gina wa rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Royal Marine a farkon shekarun 1930. Da farko an tura jirgin zuwa rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Bahar Rum kafin a mayar da shi tashar jiragen ruwa ta China a farkon shekarar 1935. An tura ta na ɗan lokaci a [[Red Sea|Tekun Bahar Rum]] a ƙarshen shekarar 1935 a lokacin rikicin Abyssinia, kafin ta koma tashar da aka ba ta inda ta zauna har zuwa tsakiyar shekarar 1939. An mayar da ''Defender'' zuwa rundunar jiragen ruwa ta Bahar Rum jim kaɗan kafin fara [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] a watan Satumbar 1939. An tura ta na ɗan lokaci zuwa Yammacin Afirka don ayyukan rakiyar ayarin jiragen ruwa a shekarar 1940 kafin ta koma Bahar Rum. Jirgin ya shiga cikin yaƙin Calabria, Cape Spartivento, da Cape Matapan a shekara mai zuwa ba tare da lalacewa ba. ''Defender'' ta taimaka wajen kwashe jiragen ruwa daga Girka da Crete a watan Afrilu zuwa Mayu 1941, kafin ta fara gudanar da ayyukan samar da kayayyaki zuwa Tobruk, [[Libya]] a watan Yuni. Jirgin ya yi mummunan rauni sakamakon wani bam na Jamus da ya tashi a ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan ayyukan kuma dole ne abokin tafiyarta ya yi masa rauni a ranar 11 ga Yuli 1941. == Bayani == ''Mai tsaron gida'' ya rasa {{Convert|1375|LT|t}} a kan nauyin da aka saba da shi da kuma {{Convert|1890|LT|t}} mai nauyi mai yawa . Jimillar tsawon jirgin ruwan ya kai {{Convert|329|ft|m|1}}, katako mai tsawon {{Convert|33|ft|m|1}} da kuma zane na {{Convert|12|ft|6|in|m|1}} . Tana da injinan injinan Parsons masu amfani da tururi, suna tuka shaft guda biyu, waɗanda suka samar da jimillar {{Convert|36000|shp}} kuma ya ba da matsakaicin gudu na {{Convert|36|kn}} . Tumatir na bututun ruwa guda uku na Admiralty mai ganga uku ne suka samar da tururin injinan. ''Defender'' yana ɗauke da matsakaicin {{Convert|473|LT|t}} na man fetur wanda ya ba ta damar yin tafiyar {{Convert|5870|nmi}} na ruwa a {{Convert|15|kn}} . Jami'ai da ma'aikata 145 ne suka taimaka wa jirgin. Jirgin ya saka bindigogin Mark IX guda huɗu masu girman inci 4.7 masu girman inci 45 a cikin jigila ɗaya. Don tsaron jiragen sama (AA), ''Diamond'' yana da guda ɗaya mai nauyin fam 12 (inci 3 (76.2).&nbsp;mm))) bindiga tsakanin magudanar ruwanta da kuma {{Convert|40|mm|1}} Bindigogi masu nauyin QF guda biyu da aka sanya a gefen gadarta . An sanya mata bututun torpedo guda biyu masu tsayin inci 21 a saman ruwa don torpedo masu tsawon inci 21. An sanya mata layin caji mai zurfin inci ɗaya da kuma masu jefa guda biyu; da farko an ɗauki ƙarfin zurfin inci 20, amma wannan ya ƙaru zuwa 35 jim kaɗan bayan fara yaƙin. == Gine-gine da aiki == An ba da umarnin a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 1931 a ƙarƙashin Shirin Sojojin Ruwa na 1930, an ajiye ''jirgin Defender'' a filin Vickers Armstrongs da ke Barrow a matsayin filin lamba 674 a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1931, kuma an ƙaddamar da shi a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 1932. An kammala ta a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 1932, bayan ta kashe jimillar £223,979, ban da kayan aikin da Admiralty ta bayar kamar bindigogi, harsasai da kayan aiki marasa waya. Da farko an tura jirgin zuwa ga 1st Destroyer Flotilla a cikin Bahar Rum kuma ya yi ɗan lokaci a Tekun Farisa da [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]] a watan Satumba zuwa Nuwamba, 1933. An sake gyara ''jirgin Defender'' a Devonport Dockyard tsakanin 3 ga Satumba zuwa 23 ga Oktoba 1934 don yin hidima a Tashar China tare da jirgin 8th Destroyer Flotilla kuma ya isa Hong Kong a watan Janairu 1935. An haɗa jirgin da rundunar jiragen ruwa ta Bahar Rum a cikin Tekun Bahar Maliya daga Nuwamba 1935 zuwa Yuni 1936 a lokacin rikicin Abyssinian sannan ya ziyarci tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Gabashin Afirka na tsawon wata guda kafin ya koma Tashar China. Dole ne a sake gyara injinan dumama ruwa a Singapore tsakanin 5 ga Nuwamba 1938 da 26 ga Janairu 1939 kuma an gyara injinan dumama ruwa nata a Hong Kong daga 31 ga Janairu zuwa 14 ga Maris. Da barkewar yaƙi, an tura ''Defender'' cikin rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Bahar Rum kuma ta isa [[Alexandria]] a ranar 19 ga Satumba. An tura ta aikin kula da haramtattun kayayyaki har sai da aka mayar da ita Gibraltar a watan Janairun 1940. Jirgin ruwan ya yi sintiri a gabar tekun Portugal har sai da aka mayar da ita [[Freetown]] a tsakiyar watan Fabrairu don rakiyar ayarin motoci daga gabar tekun [[Afirka ta Yamma|Yammacin Afirka]] . An mayar da ''Defender'' zuwa Gibraltar a watan Afrilu, tana rakiyar jirgin ruwan {{HMS|Neptune|20|2}} mai sauƙi a kan hanya, kuma ta isa can a ranar 23 ga Afrilun 1940. A wata mai zuwa, ta shiga rundunar sojojin ruwa ta 10 ta Destroyer Flotilla ta Bahar Rum kuma ta raka [[Convoy US-2]] dauke da sojojin Australiya da New Zealand zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya ta cikin Tekun [[Red Sea]] daga 12 zuwa 17 ga Mayu. == Manazarta == 38m0x44gcy8okevl43lqr1lx4e0md4d 863661 863660 2026-06-22T06:21:05Z Engineer014 44591 863661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''HMS ''Defender''''' wani jirgin ruwa ne mai lalata jiragen ruwa na D-class wanda aka gina wa rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Royal Marine a farkon shekarun 1930. Da farko an tura jirgin zuwa rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Bahar Rum kafin a mayar da shi tashar jiragen ruwa ta China a farkon shekarar 1935. An tura ta na ɗan lokaci a [[Red Sea|Tekun Bahar Rum]] a ƙarshen shekarar 1935 a lokacin rikicin Abyssinia, kafin ta koma tashar da aka ba ta inda ta zauna har zuwa tsakiyar shekarar 1939. An mayar da ''Defender'' zuwa rundunar jiragen ruwa ta Bahar Rum jim kaɗan kafin fara [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] a watan Satumbar 1939. An tura ta na ɗan lokaci zuwa Yammacin Afirka don ayyukan rakiyar ayarin jiragen ruwa a shekarar 1940 kafin ta koma Bahar Rum. Jirgin ya shiga cikin yaƙin Calabria, Cape Spartivento, da Cape Matapan a shekara mai zuwa ba tare da lalacewa ba. ''Defender'' ta taimaka wajen kwashe jiragen ruwa daga Girka da Crete a watan Afrilu zuwa Mayu 1941, kafin ta fara gudanar da ayyukan samar da kayayyaki zuwa Tobruk, [[Libya]] a watan Yuni. Jirgin ya yi mummunan rauni sakamakon wani bam na Jamus da ya tashi a ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan ayyukan kuma dole ne abokin tafiyarta ya yi masa rauni a ranar 11 ga Yuli 1941. == Bayani == ''Mai tsaron gida'' ya rasa {{Convert|1375|LT|t}} a kan nauyin da aka saba da shi da kuma {{Convert|1890|LT|t}} mai nauyi mai yawa . Jimillar tsawon jirgin ruwan ya kai {{Convert|329|ft|m|1}}, katako mai tsawon {{Convert|33|ft|m|1}} da kuma zane na {{Convert|12|ft|6|in|m|1}} . Tana da injinan injinan Parsons masu amfani da tururi, suna tuka shaft guda biyu, waɗanda suka samar da jimillar {{Convert|36000|shp}} kuma ya ba da matsakaicin gudu na {{Convert|36|kn}} . Tumatir na bututun ruwa guda uku na Admiralty mai ganga uku ne suka samar da tururin injinan. ''Defender'' yana ɗauke da matsakaicin {{Convert|473|LT|t}} na man fetur wanda ya ba ta damar yin tafiyar {{Convert|5870|nmi}} na ruwa a {{Convert|15|kn}} . Jami'ai da ma'aikata 145 ne suka taimaka wa jirgin. Jirgin ya saka bindigogin Mark IX guda huɗu masu girman inci 4.7 masu girman inci 45 a cikin jigila ɗaya. Don tsaron jiragen sama (AA), ''Diamond'' yana da guda ɗaya mai nauyin fam 12 (inci 3 (76.2).&nbsp;mm))) bindiga tsakanin magudanar ruwanta da kuma {{Convert|40|mm|1}} Bindigogi masu nauyin QF guda biyu da aka sanya a gefen gadarta . An sanya mata bututun torpedo guda biyu masu tsayin inci 21 a saman ruwa don torpedo masu tsawon inci 21. An sanya mata layin caji mai zurfin inci ɗaya da kuma masu jefa guda biyu; da farko an ɗauki ƙarfin zurfin inci 20, amma wannan ya ƙaru zuwa 35 jim kaɗan bayan fara yaƙin. == Gine-gine da aiki == An ba da umarnin a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 1931 a ƙarƙashin Shirin Sojojin Ruwa na 1930, an ajiye ''jirgin Defender'' a filin Vickers Armstrongs da ke Barrow a matsayin filin lamba 674 a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1931, kuma an ƙaddamar da shi a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 1932. An kammala ta a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 1932, bayan ta kashe jimillar £223,979, ban da kayan aikin da Admiralty ta bayar kamar bindigogi, harsasai da kayan aiki marasa waya. Da farko an tura jirgin zuwa ga 1st Destroyer Flotilla a cikin Bahar Rum kuma ya yi ɗan lokaci a Tekun Farisa da [[Red Sea|Tekun Ja]] a watan Satumba zuwa Nuwamba, 1933. An sake gyara ''jirgin Defender'' a Devonport Dockyard tsakanin 3 ga Satumba zuwa 23 ga Oktoba 1934 don yin hidima a Tashar China tare da jirgin 8th Destroyer Flotilla kuma ya isa Hong Kong a watan Janairu 1935. An haɗa jirgin da rundunar jiragen ruwa ta Bahar Rum a cikin Tekun Bahar Maliya daga Nuwamba 1935 zuwa Yuni 1936 a lokacin rikicin Abyssinian sannan ya ziyarci tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Gabashin Afirka na tsawon wata guda kafin ya koma Tashar China. Dole ne a sake gyara injinan dumama ruwa a Singapore tsakanin 5 ga Nuwamba 1938 da 26 ga Janairu 1939 kuma an gyara injinan dumama ruwa nata a Hong Kong daga 31 ga Janairu zuwa 14 ga Maris. Da barkewar yaƙi, an tura ''Defender'' cikin rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Bahar Rum kuma ta isa [[Alexandria]] a ranar 19 ga Satumba. An tura ta aikin kula da haramtattun kayayyaki har sai da aka mayar da ita Gibraltar a watan Janairun 1940. Jirgin ruwan ya yi sintiri a gabar tekun Portugal har sai da aka mayar da ita [[Freetown]] a tsakiyar watan Fabrairu don rakiyar ayarin motoci daga gabar tekun [[Afirka ta Yamma|Yammacin Afirka]] . An mayar da ''Defender'' zuwa Gibraltar a watan Afrilu, tana rakiyar jirgin ruwan {{HMS|Neptune|20|2}} mai sauƙi a kan hanya, kuma ta isa can a ranar 23 ga Afrilun 1940. A wata mai zuwa, ta shiga rundunar sojojin ruwa ta 10 ta Destroyer Flotilla ta Bahar Rum kuma ta raka [[Convoy US-2]] dauke da sojojin Australiya da New Zealand zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya ta cikin Tekun [[Red Sea]] daga 12 zuwa 17 ga Mayu. == Manazarta == g9tw1crjct7ff2gwhxwbdnf1r1talks 0 159251 863662 2026-06-22T06:22:18Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330477641|ENS Port Said]]" 863662 wikitext text/x-wiki Jirgin ruwa '''na ENS ''Port Said'' (976)''' shi ne jirgin ruwa na biyu na rundunar sojojin ruwan Masar mai suna Gowind . == Ci gaba da ƙira == A shekarar 2014, Masar ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar Yuro biliyan 1 tare da Naval Group don siyan jiragen ruwa guda huɗu na Gowind mai nauyin tan 2,500 tare da zaɓin ƙarin biyu. A gefe guda kuma, MBDA ta yi shawarwari kan kwangilar samar wa jiragen ruwa makamai masu linzami na MICA masu linzami na kariya daga jiragen ruwa da kuma makamai masu linzami na MM40 Block 3 Exocet, waɗanda suka kai darajar Yuro miliyan 400, yayin da Naval Group ta yi shawarwari kan kwangilar Yuro miliyan 100-200 don torpedoes . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 October 2014 |title=DCNS Confirms Sale of 10 Gowind Corvettes, Expects More |url=http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/feature/5/158485/dcns-confirms-sale-of-10-gowind-corvettes.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428150833/http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/feature/5/158485/dcns-confirms-sale-of-10-gowind-corvettes.html |archive-date=28 April 2019 |access-date=13 August 2020 |website=defense-aerospace.com}}</ref> Za a gina uku daga cikin jiragen ruwa na Alexandria Shipyard a cikin yarjejeniyar canja wurin fasaha. Da alama Shugaba [[Abdul Fatah el-Sisi|Abdel Fattah el-Sisi]] ne ya yanke shawarar cewa waɗannan jiragen ruwan ne yake so maimakon Meko A200 da ƙungiyar Jamus ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems (TKMS) ke bayarwa ko kuma Sigma corvette da Damen na Netherlands ya gabatar. <ref name="t1">{{Cite web |last=Cabirol |first=Michel |date=15 September 2014 |title=Armement : nouveaux clins d'oeil de l'Egypte à la France |url=http://www.latribune.fr/entreprises-finance/industrie/aeronautique-defense/20140915trib000848902/armement-nouveaux-clins-d-oeil-de-l-egypte-a-la-france.html |access-date=26 September 2014 |website=La Tribune |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name="aviationweek.com">{{Cite web |last=Mackenzie |first=Christina |date=6 June 2014 |title=Egypt buys four Gowind corvettes |url=http://aviationweek.com/blog/egypt-buys-four-gowind-corvettes |access-date=19 November 2014 |website=Aviation Week}}</ref> Masar tana tattaunawa da Faransa don siyan wasu jiragen ruwa guda biyu na Gowind waɗanda idan aka yi oda, Faransa za ta samar da su a Lorient. A watan Afrilun 2015, Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta fara yankan ƙarfe a farkon jirgin ruwan Gowind 2500 corvette, tare da shirin gina shi na tsawon watanni 29. Wannan shine na farko daga cikin jerin jiragen ruwa guda huɗu da za a kai Masar kafin 2019. An shimfida tubalan farko na jirgin ruwan Corvette a tashar jiragen ruwa ta busasshe a watan Satumba na 2015. <ref name="mobile.twitter.com">{{Cite tweet|title=The future Egyptian #Gowind corvette is taking shape at DCNS Lorient.|user=navalgroup|access-date=13 August 2020}}</ref> Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta yi bikin ƙaddamar da jirgin ruwan Gowind na farko na Masar ''El Fateh'' a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Lorient a watan Satumba na 2016. ''El Fateh'' ta kammala gwajin farko na jirgin ruwanta a ƙarshen Maris na 2017 cikin nasara Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Masar ta karɓi jirgin a watan Satumba na 2017, shekaru uku bayan an sanya odar. == Gine-gine da aiki == An kafa ''tashar jiragen ruwa ta Port Said'' a ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 2016, kuma an ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2018 ta tashar jiragen ruwa ta Alexandria da ke [[Alexandria]] . == Manazarta == ilg3r8o8a8s8vdaypei9rojq1uiqqhc 863663 863662 2026-06-22T06:22:40Z Engineer014 44591 863663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Jirgin ruwa '''na ENS ''Port Said'' (976)''' shi ne jirgin ruwa na biyu na rundunar sojojin ruwan Masar mai suna Gowind . == Ci gaba da ƙira == A shekarar 2014, Masar ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar Yuro biliyan 1 tare da Naval Group don siyan jiragen ruwa guda huɗu na Gowind mai nauyin tan 2,500 tare da zaɓin ƙarin biyu. A gefe guda kuma, MBDA ta yi shawarwari kan kwangilar samar wa jiragen ruwa makamai masu linzami na MICA masu linzami na kariya daga jiragen ruwa da kuma makamai masu linzami na MM40 Block 3 Exocet, waɗanda suka kai darajar Yuro miliyan 400, yayin da Naval Group ta yi shawarwari kan kwangilar Yuro miliyan 100-200 don torpedoes . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 October 2014 |title=DCNS Confirms Sale of 10 Gowind Corvettes, Expects More |url=http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/feature/5/158485/dcns-confirms-sale-of-10-gowind-corvettes.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428150833/http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/feature/5/158485/dcns-confirms-sale-of-10-gowind-corvettes.html |archive-date=28 April 2019 |access-date=13 August 2020 |website=defense-aerospace.com}}</ref> Za a gina uku daga cikin jiragen ruwa na Alexandria Shipyard a cikin yarjejeniyar canja wurin fasaha. Da alama Shugaba [[Abdul Fatah el-Sisi|Abdel Fattah el-Sisi]] ne ya yanke shawarar cewa waɗannan jiragen ruwan ne yake so maimakon Meko A200 da ƙungiyar Jamus ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems (TKMS) ke bayarwa ko kuma Sigma corvette da Damen na Netherlands ya gabatar. <ref name="t1">{{Cite web |last=Cabirol |first=Michel |date=15 September 2014 |title=Armement : nouveaux clins d'oeil de l'Egypte à la France |url=http://www.latribune.fr/entreprises-finance/industrie/aeronautique-defense/20140915trib000848902/armement-nouveaux-clins-d-oeil-de-l-egypte-a-la-france.html |access-date=26 September 2014 |website=La Tribune |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name="aviationweek.com">{{Cite web |last=Mackenzie |first=Christina |date=6 June 2014 |title=Egypt buys four Gowind corvettes |url=http://aviationweek.com/blog/egypt-buys-four-gowind-corvettes |access-date=19 November 2014 |website=Aviation Week}}</ref> Masar tana tattaunawa da Faransa don siyan wasu jiragen ruwa guda biyu na Gowind waɗanda idan aka yi oda, Faransa za ta samar da su a Lorient. A watan Afrilun 2015, Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta fara yankan ƙarfe a farkon jirgin ruwan Gowind 2500 corvette, tare da shirin gina shi na tsawon watanni 29. Wannan shine na farko daga cikin jerin jiragen ruwa guda huɗu da za a kai Masar kafin 2019. An shimfida tubalan farko na jirgin ruwan Corvette a tashar jiragen ruwa ta busasshe a watan Satumba na 2015. <ref name="mobile.twitter.com">{{Cite tweet|title=The future Egyptian #Gowind corvette is taking shape at DCNS Lorient.|user=navalgroup|access-date=13 August 2020}}</ref> Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta yi bikin ƙaddamar da jirgin ruwan Gowind na farko na Masar ''El Fateh'' a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Lorient a watan Satumba na 2016. ''El Fateh'' ta kammala gwajin farko na jirgin ruwanta a ƙarshen Maris na 2017 cikin nasara Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Masar ta karɓi jirgin a watan Satumba na 2017, shekaru uku bayan an sanya odar. == Gine-gine da aiki == An kafa ''tashar jiragen ruwa ta Port Said'' a ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 2016, kuma an ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2018 ta tashar jiragen ruwa ta Alexandria da ke [[Alexandria]] . == Manazarta == jjswbflmddx02uizkxlor1n9m2x8a9l 0 159252 863664 2026-06-22T06:24:17Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1326888690|HMS Salvia (K97)]]" 863664 wikitext text/x-wiki '''HMS ''Salvia'' (K97)''' aji ne na {{Sclass2|Flower|corvette}}An ba ta umarni a [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] kuma ta fara aiki a watan Satumba na 1940. Ta ceci mutane da yawa da suka tsira daga jirgin kurkukun SS Shuntien lokacin da aka nutsar da shi a ranar 23 ga Disamba, 1941. Bayan 'yan awanni, a ranar Kirsimeti ta 1941, ''Salvia'' ma an harba mata wuta . Corvette ɗin ya nutse da dukkan hannuwansa, kuma duk waɗanda suka tsira daga ''Shuntien'' suma sun ɓace. == Gine-gine == Rundunar Admiralty ta gabatar da jiragen ruwa kirar corvette a matsayin wani ɓangare na sake mallakar makamai na Birtaniya kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Sun fi sauƙi kuma sun fi rahusa a gina su fiye da jiragen ruwa masu saukar ungulu kuma an tsara su ne don a gina su da yadi waɗanda ba sa gina jiragen ruwa a al'ada. An yi nufin aji na Fure don ayyuka kamar rakiyar ayarin motoci da kuma share ma'adinai . Rundunar Admiralty ta yi odar jiragen ruwa na aji na Flower-class a cikin rukuni-rukuni, inda ta rarraba kowace rukuni tsakanin wasu masu gina jiragen ruwa waɗanda galibi ke gina jiragen kasuwanci. Rukunin farko na jiragen ruwa 26 ne, waɗanda aka yi odarsu a ranar 25 ga Yuli 1939. Rukunin na biyu na jiragen ruwa 30 ne, waɗanda aka yi odarsu a ranar 31 ga Agusta 1939, ranar da Birtaniya ta shiga Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. ''Salvia'' tana ɗaya daga cikin wannan rukuni na biyu. ''Salvia'' tana ɗaya daga cikin Furanni da dama da aka yi odarsu daga [[William Simons and Company]], wani mai gina jiragen ruwa a Renfrew, <ref name="Grace">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2009 |title=William Simons and Co |url=http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/William_Simons_and_Co |access-date=25 April 2013 |website=Grace's Guide: The Best of British Engineering 1750–1960s}}</ref> Scotland. An shimfida jirgin ruwan {{'}} ''a'' ranar 26 ga Satumba, 1939, an harba ta a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 1940, kuma aka ba ta aikin shiga rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Royal Navy a ranar 20 ga Satumba. Laftanar Cdr John Isdale Miller, DSO, RD, [[Royal Naval Reserve|RNR]] ne ya jagorance ta, wanda kwanan nan ya jagoranci jirgin ruwan {{HMS|Blackfly|FY 117|6}} mai hana ruwa shiga .{{HMS|Blackfly|FY 117|6}} . <ref name="U2838">{{Cite web |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |date=1995–2013 |title=John Isdale Miller DSO, DSC, RD, RNR |url=http://uboat.net/allies/commanders/2838.html |access-date=25 April 2013 |website=uboat.net: Allied Warship Commanders |publisher=Guðmundur Helgason}}</ref> Miller da sabbin ma'aikatansa sun kai ''Salvia'' zuwa Tobermory a Tsibirin Mull don yin atisaye. <ref name="CorvetteForum">{{Cite web |last=Walters |first=Mark |date=3 September 2008 |title=HMS Salvia |url=http://theflowerclasscorvetteforums.yuku.com/topic/646#.UXnNeaKG2Sp |access-date=28 April 2013 |website=The Flower Class Corvette and WWII Royal Navy Forums |publisher=[[Yuku]]}}</ref> == Halaye == Kasancewarta cikin ɗaya daga cikin rukunin farko da aka yi oda, ''Salvia'' tana ɗaya daga cikin membobin "marasa gyara" na ajin Furen. Duk Furen da ba a gyara ba suna da babban fo'sle, bene na rijiya, sannan gada, da kuma bene mai ci gaba da gudana a baya. Tsarin jirgin ya dace da teku sosai amma a cikin teku mai nauyi za ta aika da ruwa mai yawa. Duk lokacin da aka nutse cikin raƙuman ruwa da ke zuwa, sai a biyo baya da ruwa a tsakiyar rijiyar jirgin. Ma'aikatan jirgin sun zauna a cikin sansanin jirgin amma jirgin ruwan nata yana [[Jerin hanyoyin jirgin ruwa|baya]], wanda ba shi da kyau a shirya shi . == Abun Aiki == A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, 1940, ''Salvia'' da 'yar uwarta suka aika da jirgin ruwa {{HMS|Gloxinia|K22|6}}, {{HMS|Hyacinth|K84|2}} da {{HMS|Peony|K40|2}} sun yi tafiya daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta Liverpool suna rakiyar ayarin motoci a matsayin wani ɓangare na Operation Collar . <ref name="CorvetteForum">{{Cite web |last=Walters |first=Mark |date=3 September 2008 |title=HMS Salvia |url=http://theflowerclasscorvetteforums.yuku.com/topic/646#.UXnNeaKG2Sp |access-date=28 April 2013 |website=The Flower Class Corvette and WWII Royal Navy Forums |publisher=[[Yuku]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWalters2008">Walters, Mark (3 September 2008). </cite></ref> A ranakun 25-26 ga Nuwamba, ayarin motocin ya ratsa Gibraltar kuma jiragen ruwa huɗu sun zama wani ɓangare na [[Force F]], wanda jiragen ruwa {{HMS|Manchester|C15|6}} suka jagoranta.{{HMS|Manchester|C15|6}} da {{HMS|Southampton|C83|2}}, waɗanda ƙungiyar masu lalata {{HMS|Hotspur|H01|2}} ta ƙarfafa. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> Furanni sun kafa ƙungiyar Corvette ta 10 kuma su ne ƙungiyoyin corvette na farko da suka shiga rundunar sojojin ruwan Bahar Rum ta Burtaniya. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> Daga Gibraltar, ayarin motocin da Force F suka yi tafiya zuwa gabas tare da Force H, kuma a ranar 27 ga Satumba, rundunar sojojin ''Regia Marina'' ta Italiya ta kai hari. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> A yakin Cape Spartivento da ya biyo baya, jiragen ruwan 'yan kasuwa sun kare jiragen ruwan 'yan kasuwa Clan Forbes, Clan Fraser da New Zealand Star yayin da Force H da sauran jiragen ruwan Force F, wadanda daga baya suka haɗu da [[Force D]] wadanda suka tashi daga [[Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Alexandria|Alexandria]], suka dakile harin Italiya. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> Daga nan sai ayarin motocin suka ci gaba zuwa [[Malta]], inda aka cika matatar mai. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> Jiragen ruwan biyu na Clan Line suka tsaya a Malta don sauke kaya amma ''Manchester'', ''Southampton'', jiragen ruwan {{HMS|Defender|H07|6}}Daga nan sai {{HMS|Defender|H07|6}} da {{HMS|Hereward|H93|2}} da kuma corvettes huɗu suka raka jirgin ruwan Blue Star Line mai sanyaya rai na ''New Zealand Star'' zuwa Alexandria. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> == Manazarta == 6ldohnopstz8018mxox3jcpgsp2eh5c 863665 863664 2026-06-22T06:24:37Z Engineer014 44591 863665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''HMS ''Salvia'' (K97)''' aji ne na {{Sclass2|Flower|corvette}}An ba ta umarni a [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] kuma ta fara aiki a watan Satumba na 1940. Ta ceci mutane da yawa da suka tsira daga jirgin kurkukun SS Shuntien lokacin da aka nutsar da shi a ranar 23 ga Disamba, 1941. Bayan 'yan awanni, a ranar Kirsimeti ta 1941, ''Salvia'' ma an harba mata wuta . Corvette ɗin ya nutse da dukkan hannuwansa, kuma duk waɗanda suka tsira daga ''Shuntien'' suma sun ɓace. == Gine-gine == Rundunar Admiralty ta gabatar da jiragen ruwa kirar corvette a matsayin wani ɓangare na sake mallakar makamai na Birtaniya kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Sun fi sauƙi kuma sun fi rahusa a gina su fiye da jiragen ruwa masu saukar ungulu kuma an tsara su ne don a gina su da yadi waɗanda ba sa gina jiragen ruwa a al'ada. An yi nufin aji na Fure don ayyuka kamar rakiyar ayarin motoci da kuma share ma'adinai . Rundunar Admiralty ta yi odar jiragen ruwa na aji na Flower-class a cikin rukuni-rukuni, inda ta rarraba kowace rukuni tsakanin wasu masu gina jiragen ruwa waɗanda galibi ke gina jiragen kasuwanci. Rukunin farko na jiragen ruwa 26 ne, waɗanda aka yi odarsu a ranar 25 ga Yuli 1939. Rukunin na biyu na jiragen ruwa 30 ne, waɗanda aka yi odarsu a ranar 31 ga Agusta 1939, ranar da Birtaniya ta shiga Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. ''Salvia'' tana ɗaya daga cikin wannan rukuni na biyu. ''Salvia'' tana ɗaya daga cikin Furanni da dama da aka yi odarsu daga [[William Simons and Company]], wani mai gina jiragen ruwa a Renfrew, <ref name="Grace">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2009 |title=William Simons and Co |url=http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/William_Simons_and_Co |access-date=25 April 2013 |website=Grace's Guide: The Best of British Engineering 1750–1960s}}</ref> Scotland. An shimfida jirgin ruwan {{'}} ''a'' ranar 26 ga Satumba, 1939, an harba ta a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 1940, kuma aka ba ta aikin shiga rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Royal Navy a ranar 20 ga Satumba. Laftanar Cdr John Isdale Miller, DSO, RD, [[Royal Naval Reserve|RNR]] ne ya jagorance ta, wanda kwanan nan ya jagoranci jirgin ruwan {{HMS|Blackfly|FY 117|6}} mai hana ruwa shiga .{{HMS|Blackfly|FY 117|6}} . <ref name="U2838">{{Cite web |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |date=1995–2013 |title=John Isdale Miller DSO, DSC, RD, RNR |url=http://uboat.net/allies/commanders/2838.html |access-date=25 April 2013 |website=uboat.net: Allied Warship Commanders |publisher=Guðmundur Helgason}}</ref> Miller da sabbin ma'aikatansa sun kai ''Salvia'' zuwa Tobermory a Tsibirin Mull don yin atisaye. <ref name="CorvetteForum">{{Cite web |last=Walters |first=Mark |date=3 September 2008 |title=HMS Salvia |url=http://theflowerclasscorvetteforums.yuku.com/topic/646#.UXnNeaKG2Sp |access-date=28 April 2013 |website=The Flower Class Corvette and WWII Royal Navy Forums |publisher=[[Yuku]]}}</ref> == Halaye == Kasancewarta cikin ɗaya daga cikin rukunin farko da aka yi oda, ''Salvia'' tana ɗaya daga cikin membobin "marasa gyara" na ajin Furen. Duk Furen da ba a gyara ba suna da babban fo'sle, bene na rijiya, sannan gada, da kuma bene mai ci gaba da gudana a baya. Tsarin jirgin ya dace da teku sosai amma a cikin teku mai nauyi za ta aika da ruwa mai yawa. Duk lokacin da aka nutse cikin raƙuman ruwa da ke zuwa, sai a biyo baya da ruwa a tsakiyar rijiyar jirgin. Ma'aikatan jirgin sun zauna a cikin sansanin jirgin amma jirgin ruwan nata yana [[Jerin hanyoyin jirgin ruwa|baya]], wanda ba shi da kyau a shirya shi . == Abun Aiki == A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, 1940, ''Salvia'' da 'yar uwarta suka aika da jirgin ruwa {{HMS|Gloxinia|K22|6}}, {{HMS|Hyacinth|K84|2}} da {{HMS|Peony|K40|2}} sun yi tafiya daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta Liverpool suna rakiyar ayarin motoci a matsayin wani ɓangare na Operation Collar . <ref name="CorvetteForum">{{Cite web |last=Walters |first=Mark |date=3 September 2008 |title=HMS Salvia |url=http://theflowerclasscorvetteforums.yuku.com/topic/646#.UXnNeaKG2Sp |access-date=28 April 2013 |website=The Flower Class Corvette and WWII Royal Navy Forums |publisher=[[Yuku]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWalters2008">Walters, Mark (3 September 2008). </cite></ref> A ranakun 25-26 ga Nuwamba, ayarin motocin ya ratsa Gibraltar kuma jiragen ruwa huɗu sun zama wani ɓangare na [[Force F]], wanda jiragen ruwa {{HMS|Manchester|C15|6}} suka jagoranta.{{HMS|Manchester|C15|6}} da {{HMS|Southampton|C83|2}}, waɗanda ƙungiyar masu lalata {{HMS|Hotspur|H01|2}} ta ƙarfafa. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> Furanni sun kafa ƙungiyar Corvette ta 10 kuma su ne ƙungiyoyin corvette na farko da suka shiga rundunar sojojin ruwan Bahar Rum ta Burtaniya. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> Daga Gibraltar, ayarin motocin da Force F suka yi tafiya zuwa gabas tare da Force H, kuma a ranar 27 ga Satumba, rundunar sojojin ''Regia Marina'' ta Italiya ta kai hari. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> A yakin Cape Spartivento da ya biyo baya, jiragen ruwan 'yan kasuwa sun kare jiragen ruwan 'yan kasuwa Clan Forbes, Clan Fraser da New Zealand Star yayin da Force H da sauran jiragen ruwan Force F, wadanda daga baya suka haɗu da [[Force D]] wadanda suka tashi daga [[Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Alexandria|Alexandria]], suka dakile harin Italiya. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> Daga nan sai ayarin motocin suka ci gaba zuwa [[Malta]], inda aka cika matatar mai. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> Jiragen ruwan biyu na Clan Line suka tsaya a Malta don sauke kaya amma ''Manchester'', ''Southampton'', jiragen ruwan {{HMS|Defender|H07|6}}Daga nan sai {{HMS|Defender|H07|6}} da {{HMS|Hereward|H93|2}} da kuma corvettes huɗu suka raka jirgin ruwan Blue Star Line mai sanyaya rai na ''New Zealand Star'' zuwa Alexandria. <ref name="CorvetteForum" /> == Manazarta == 0x89hleb7gci9xpsshbqs7wriw9nfex 0 159253 863666 2026-06-22T06:25:27Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334492022|French ship Heureux]]" 863666 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Heureux''''' jirgin ruwan Centaure ne mai bindigogi 74 na layin sojojin ruwan Faransa . An kama ta a Toulon a watan Agusta na shekarar 1793, amma Faransa ta sake kwace ta a watan Disamba a wannan shekarar. Ta yi tafiya a cikin tekun Bahar Rum a shekarun 1794 da 1795. A ƙarƙashin Kyaftin Jean-Pierre Etienne, ta shiga cikin Tafiyar zuwa Masar, da kuma Yaƙin Nilu . Jirgin ruwa na farko da ya ga jiragen ruwan Birtaniya a ranar 1 ga Agusta, ''Heureux'' ya yi yaƙi washegari kuma aka tilasta mata ta yi mata illa . An lalata ta sosai don gyara, an ƙone ta a ranar 29 ga Agusta 1798. == Manazarta == 19mzd2nymug2nho7usii11s35rs6m2y 863667 863666 2026-06-22T06:25:45Z Engineer014 44591 863667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Heureux''''' jirgin ruwan Centaure ne mai bindigogi 74 na layin sojojin ruwan Faransa . An kama ta a Toulon a watan Agusta na shekarar 1793, amma Faransa ta sake kwace ta a watan Disamba a wannan shekarar. Ta yi tafiya a cikin tekun Bahar Rum a shekarun 1794 da 1795. A ƙarƙashin Kyaftin Jean-Pierre Etienne, ta shiga cikin Tafiyar zuwa Masar, da kuma Yaƙin Nilu . Jirgin ruwa na farko da ya ga jiragen ruwan Birtaniya a ranar 1 ga Agusta, ''Heureux'' ya yi yaƙi washegari kuma aka tilasta mata ta yi mata illa . An lalata ta sosai don gyara, an ƙone ta a ranar 29 ga Agusta 1798. == Manazarta == jpre54juxve0zmg6fc8jnu5gfn9prab 0 159254 863668 2026-06-22T06:27:27Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330470281|SS Manganese]]" 863668 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Manganese''''' ya kasance 964 Jirgin ruwan wanda Norderwerft AG, [[Hamburg]], [[Jamus]] ta gina a shekarar 1925 a matsayin '''''Wiedau''''' ga masu mallakar Jamus. An kwace ta daga hannun kawance a watan Mayu na shekarar 1945, aka mika ta ga Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Yaƙi (MoWT) sannan aka sake mata suna '''''Empire Contract''''' . Daga baya a wannan shekarar, aka mayar da ita [[Girka (ƙasa)|Girka]] aka sake mata suna ''Herakleion'' . An sayar da ita ga dillalan kayayyaki a shekarar 1948 aka kuma sake mata suna '''''Laconia''''' . A shekarar 1965, aka sayar da ita ga [[Misra|Masar]] aka sake mata suna ''Manganese'' . An cire jirgin daga Lloyd's Register a shekarar 1993. == Bayani == An gina jirgin a shekarar 1925 ta hannun Norderwerft AG, [[Hamburg]], a matsayin yadi mai lamba 605. An kammala shi a watan Mayu na shekarar 1925. Jirgin ya kasance {{Convert|221|ft|0|in|m|2}} tsayi, tare da katako mai girman {{Convert|35|ft|1|in|m|2}} da zurfin {{Convert|13|ft|0|in|m|2}} . Jirgin ruwan ya kasance 964 GRT, 471 NRT, <ref name="Wiedau30">{{Cite web |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/30/30b1301.pdf |access-date=8 August 2010 |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data}}</ref> An tura jirgin da injin tururi mai faɗaɗawa sau uku, wanda ke da silinda na , da kuma diamita ta bugun jini. Dresdner Maschinenbau & Schiffs Uegibau AG, [[Dresden]] ne suka gina injin. <ref name="Wiedau30">{{Cite web |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/30/30b1301.pdf |access-date=8 August 2010 |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/30/30b1301.pdf "LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Plimsoll Ship Data<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Yana iya tura jirgin a {{Convert|10|kn|km/h}} . == Tarihi == An gina ''Wiedau'' don Layin Bugsier, [[Hamburg]] . An ware Haruffan Lambobin RFLK. <ref name="Wiedau30">{{Cite web |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/30/30b1301.pdf |access-date=8 August 2010 |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/30/30b1301.pdf "LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Plimsoll Ship Data<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1934, an canza haruffan lambarta zuwa DHZV. <ref name="Wiedau35">{{Cite web |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/35/35b0900.pdf |access-date=8 October 2010 |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekarar 1945, ƙawayen ''Wiedau'' suka kwace ta daga hannun abokan kawance a Hamburg. An mika ta ga MoWT kuma aka sake mata suna ''Empire Contract'' . An canza tashar jiragen ruwanta ta rajista zuwa [[Landan|London]] . An ba ta Haruffan Lambobin GJDY da Lambar Hukuma ta Burtaniya 180593. An sanya ta a ƙarƙashin kulawar G Gibson & Son Ltd. <ref name="Contract45">{{Cite web |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/45/45a1185.pdf |access-date=8 October 2010 |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data}}</ref> Daga baya a wannan shekarar, an mayar da ita ga Gwamnatin Girka aka kuma sake mata suna ''Herakleion'' . <ref name="Ships" /> A shekarar 1948, an sayar da ''Herakleion'' ga Kamfanin Lakoniki Steamship Navigation Co kuma aka sake masa suna ''Laconia'' . An yi mata aiki a ƙarƙashin jagorancin I Tsengas & Co, har zuwa 1954 lokacin da aka sayar da ita ga Hellenic Levant Line. A shekarar 1964, an sayar da ''Laconia'' ga J Alexatos. A shekarar 1965, an sayar da ita ga Kamfanin Sinai Manganese Co, [[Misra|Masar]] kuma aka sake mata suna ''Manganese'' . An cire jirgin daga Register na Lloyd a shekarar 1993. == Manazarta == i30y1hqomm4ld9a06daam8vfsdsu0x5 863669 863668 2026-06-22T06:27:49Z Engineer014 44591 863669 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Manganese''''' ya kasance 964 Jirgin ruwan wanda Norderwerft AG, [[Hamburg]], [[Jamus]] ta gina a shekarar 1925 a matsayin '''''Wiedau''''' ga masu mallakar Jamus. An kwace ta daga hannun kawance a watan Mayu na shekarar 1945, aka mika ta ga Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Yaƙi (MoWT) sannan aka sake mata suna '''''Empire Contract''''' . Daga baya a wannan shekarar, aka mayar da ita [[Girka (ƙasa)|Girka]] aka sake mata suna ''Herakleion'' . An sayar da ita ga dillalan kayayyaki a shekarar 1948 aka kuma sake mata suna '''''Laconia''''' . A shekarar 1965, aka sayar da ita ga [[Misra|Masar]] aka sake mata suna ''Manganese'' . An cire jirgin daga Lloyd's Register a shekarar 1993. == Bayani == An gina jirgin a shekarar 1925 ta hannun Norderwerft AG, [[Hamburg]], a matsayin yadi mai lamba 605. An kammala shi a watan Mayu na shekarar 1925. Jirgin ya kasance {{Convert|221|ft|0|in|m|2}} tsayi, tare da katako mai girman {{Convert|35|ft|1|in|m|2}} da zurfin {{Convert|13|ft|0|in|m|2}} . Jirgin ruwan ya kasance 964 GRT, 471 NRT, <ref name="Wiedau30">{{Cite web |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/30/30b1301.pdf |access-date=8 August 2010 |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data}}</ref> An tura jirgin da injin tururi mai faɗaɗawa sau uku, wanda ke da silinda na , da kuma diamita ta bugun jini. Dresdner Maschinenbau & Schiffs Uegibau AG, [[Dresden]] ne suka gina injin. <ref name="Wiedau30">{{Cite web |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/30/30b1301.pdf |access-date=8 August 2010 |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/30/30b1301.pdf "LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Plimsoll Ship Data<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Yana iya tura jirgin a {{Convert|10|kn|km/h}} . == Tarihi == An gina ''Wiedau'' don Layin Bugsier, [[Hamburg]] . An ware Haruffan Lambobin RFLK. <ref name="Wiedau30">{{Cite web |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/30/30b1301.pdf |access-date=8 August 2010 |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/30/30b1301.pdf "LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Plimsoll Ship Data<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1934, an canza haruffan lambarta zuwa DHZV. <ref name="Wiedau35">{{Cite web |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/35/35b0900.pdf |access-date=8 October 2010 |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekarar 1945, ƙawayen ''Wiedau'' suka kwace ta daga hannun abokan kawance a Hamburg. An mika ta ga MoWT kuma aka sake mata suna ''Empire Contract'' . An canza tashar jiragen ruwanta ta rajista zuwa [[Landan|London]] . An ba ta Haruffan Lambobin GJDY da Lambar Hukuma ta Burtaniya 180593. An sanya ta a ƙarƙashin kulawar G Gibson & Son Ltd. <ref name="Contract45">{{Cite web |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/45/45a1185.pdf |access-date=8 October 2010 |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data}}</ref> Daga baya a wannan shekarar, an mayar da ita ga Gwamnatin Girka aka kuma sake mata suna ''Herakleion'' . <ref name="Ships" /> A shekarar 1948, an sayar da ''Herakleion'' ga Kamfanin Lakoniki Steamship Navigation Co kuma aka sake masa suna ''Laconia'' . An yi mata aiki a ƙarƙashin jagorancin I Tsengas & Co, har zuwa 1954 lokacin da aka sayar da ita ga Hellenic Levant Line. A shekarar 1964, an sayar da ''Laconia'' ga J Alexatos. A shekarar 1965, an sayar da ita ga Kamfanin Sinai Manganese Co, [[Misra|Masar]] kuma aka sake mata suna ''Manganese'' . An cire jirgin daga Register na Lloyd a shekarar 1993. == Manazarta == j06442pt8lwvgiawmyhig7o6c32yoz7 0 159255 863670 2026-06-22T06:29:00Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329885975|Al-Baraqua II]]" 863670 wikitext text/x-wiki Jirgin ruwan '''''al-Baraqua II''''' wani jirgi ne da ya kife a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 2006, a [[Tekun Tadjoura]] a bakin tekun babban [[Jibuti (birni)|birnin]] [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]] na Djibouti. Jirgin ruwan yana dauke da fasinjoji daga babban birnin zuwa wani biki na addini a [[Tadjoura]] lokacin da hatsarin ya faru, jim kadan bayan tashinsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-04-06 |title=Many die in Djibouti boat tragedy |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4884752.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409234931/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4884752.stm |archive-date=9 April 2006 |access-date=2006-04-09 |website=BBC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2006-04-07 |title=69 Killed as Boat Capsizes Off Djibouti |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-apr-07-fg-capsize7-story.html |access-date=2025-10-06 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya zuwa ranar 11 ga Afrilu, adadin wadanda suka mutu ya kai 113, inda da yawa suka bace. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Toll rises to 113 in Djibouti disaster |url=http://www.gulf-times.com/site/topics/article.asp?cu_no=2&item_no=80872&version=1&template_id=37&parent_id=17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060411222602/http://www.gulf-times.com/site/topics/article.asp?cu_no=2&item_no=80872&version=1&template_id=37&parent_id=17 |archive-date=11 April 2006 |access-date=2006-04-11}}</ref> Shugaban ƙasar [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]] Ismail Omar Guelleh ya ba da umarnin a gudanar da bincike kan nutsewar jirgin. Rahotannin farko sun nuna cewa jirgin ruwan ya cika makil. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Djibouti boat accident death toll mounts |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200604/s1611887.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028210524/http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200604/s1611887.htm |archive-date=2008-10-28 |access-date=2006-04-09}}</ref> An yi imanin cewa kimanin mutane 200 ne ke cikin jirgin lokacin da ya kife. == Manazarta == q6tabans26cdw66cwfuxmekx0ce82u5 863671 863670 2026-06-22T06:29:33Z Engineer014 44591 863671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Jirgin ruwan '''''al-Baraqua II''''' wani jirgi ne da ya kife a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 2006, a [[Tekun Tadjoura]] a bakin tekun babban [[Jibuti (birni)|birnin]] [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]] na Djibouti. Jirgin ruwan yana dauke da fasinjoji daga babban birnin zuwa wani biki na addini a [[Tadjoura]] lokacin da hatsarin ya faru, jim kadan bayan tashinsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-04-06 |title=Many die in Djibouti boat tragedy |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4884752.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409234931/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4884752.stm |archive-date=9 April 2006 |access-date=2006-04-09 |website=BBC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2006-04-07 |title=69 Killed as Boat Capsizes Off Djibouti |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-apr-07-fg-capsize7-story.html |access-date=2025-10-06 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya zuwa ranar 11 ga Afrilu, adadin wadanda suka mutu ya kai 113, inda da yawa suka bace. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Toll rises to 113 in Djibouti disaster |url=http://www.gulf-times.com/site/topics/article.asp?cu_no=2&item_no=80872&version=1&template_id=37&parent_id=17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060411222602/http://www.gulf-times.com/site/topics/article.asp?cu_no=2&item_no=80872&version=1&template_id=37&parent_id=17 |archive-date=11 April 2006 |access-date=2006-04-11}}</ref> Shugaban ƙasar [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]] Ismail Omar Guelleh ya ba da umarnin a gudanar da bincike kan nutsewar jirgin. Rahotannin farko sun nuna cewa jirgin ruwan ya cika makil. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Djibouti boat accident death toll mounts |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200604/s1611887.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028210524/http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200604/s1611887.htm |archive-date=2008-10-28 |access-date=2006-04-09}}</ref> An yi imanin cewa kimanin mutane 200 ne ke cikin jirgin lokacin da ya kife. == Manazarta == f3fz2d5icg3pw4tso6wo9j4dv3z324u 0 159256 863672 2026-06-22T06:31:17Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357981476|Dahabeah]]" 863672 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dahabeah''', wanda aka rubuta '''dahabeeyah''', '''dahabiah''', '''dahabiah''', '''dahabiya''', '''dahabiyah''' da '''dhahabiyya''', da kuma '''dahabiyeh''' da '''dahabiyeh''' ( [[Larabci]] ذهبية /ðahabiya/), jirgin ruwa ne na fasinja da ake amfani da shi a kogin [[Nil|Nilu]] a [[Misra|Masar]] . Yawanci ana amfani da kalmar don kwatanta jirgin ruwa mai zurfi mai kama da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai biyu ko fiye. Jiragen ruwan sun kasance a wani tsari na tsawon shekaru dubbai, tare da zane irin wannan a bangon kaburburan [[Fir'auna|Fir'aunawan Masar]] . Hakika, sunan ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Larabci ta " [[Zinare|zinariya]] ", saboda irin wannan jirgin ruwan da aka yi da zinare da sarakunan [[Musulmi]] na Masar suka yi amfani da shi a [[Zamanin Tsakiya]] . <ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Dahabeah}}</ref> == Tarihi == [[Fayil:5_Dahabeah_on_the_Nile.jpg|thumb|Dahabeah a kan Kogin Nilu, 1891]] Har zuwa shekarun 1870, dahabiya ita ce hanyar da masu yawon bude ido ke bi don hawa da sauka a kogin Nilu. A cewar Donald Reid, a shekarar 1858 "tafiya ta kwana arba'in daga [[Kairo|Alkahira]] zuwa [[Luxor]] ta kai kimanin fam 110; tafiya ta kwana hamsin zuwa [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] da dawowa, kimanin fam 150." <ref>{{Cite web |date=2007 |title=The Nile Cruise, 1847 and 1897 |url=http://timea.rice.edu/NileCruise.html |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702205156/http://timea.rice.edu:80/NileCruise.html |archive-date=2007-07-02 |website=TIMEA: Travelers in the Middle East Archive |publisher=[[Rice University]]}}</ref> Duk da haka, Thomas Cook Ltd ta gabatar da jirgin ruwan tururi a kogin kuma ta kawo musu ilimin yadda ake mayar da tafiya ta watanni uku zuwa yawon bude ido na kwanaki 28. Zuwa shekarar 1900, yayin da jiragen kasa suka fara gogayya da jirgin ruwan tururi, an ware dahabiyas ne kawai ga matafiya masu arziki da hutu. Wannan kuma shine lokacin da aka sami babban sauyi a yadda ake amfani da dahabiya da kuma kallonta. Littafin Sir John Gardner Wilkinson na 1847 mai suna "Littafin Hannu ga Matafiya a Masar" ya yi cikakken bayani kan yadda ake hayar dahabiya. Matafiyi da ke son yin tafiya a Kogin Nilu ba wai kawai zai yi hayar jirgin ruwan na tsawon lokacin ba, har ma ya samar da shi, ya cire masa kwari da kuma cire shi, ya kula da masu jirgin ruwan har ma ya sake fenti. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=n.d. |title=Wilkinson's Nile Itinerary, 1847 |url=http://timea.rice.edu/NileWilkinson1847.html |url-status=live |journal=TIMEA: Travelers in the Middle East Archive |publisher=[[Rice University]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709184822/http://timea.rice.edu/NileWilkinson1847.html |archive-date=2007-07-09}}</ref> Duk da haka, zuwa shekarar 1897 kamfanonin yawon bude ido sun mayar da tafiyar ta zama ta gari. Thomas Cook ya yi alƙawarin, "An zaɓi masu aikin Dragomans da sauran ma'aikata da kayan abinci da kyau kuma an samar da su." == Zamanin zamani == [[Fayil:Dahabiya_under_tow.jpg|thumb|Dahabiyar Nilu ta zamani a ƙarƙashin jan jirgin ruwa, 2020]] Dahabiyya na zamani har yanzu ba su da injin propeller. Jiragen ruwa masu amfani da dizal suna jan su, kuma suna da janareta mai amfani da dizal a cikin jirgin don samar da wutar lantarki. ''Dahabeya'' kuma sunan wani takamaiman jirgin ruwa ne. == Asalin Ma'anar == ذهبية /ðahabīya/ ita ce mace ta ذهبي /ðahabī/ "zinariya", daga ذهب /ðahab/ "zinariya". A cikin Larabci, ƙarin bayani na mata ''-a'' na iya nuna ma'anar ma'aurata marasa rai, yana canza ma'anar daga "zinariya" zuwa "abu ɗaya na zinariya". Don haka ma'anar ذهبية wani abu ne kamar "mai zinari." == Manazarta == 8urtm0w85dzuvezy4lghz78fc4g84aw 863673 863672 2026-06-22T06:31:38Z Engineer014 44591 863673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dahabeah''', wanda aka rubuta '''dahabeeyah''', '''dahabiah''', '''dahabiah''', '''dahabiya''', '''dahabiyah''' da '''dhahabiyya''', da kuma '''dahabiyeh''' da '''dahabiyeh''' ( [[Larabci]] ذهبية /ðahabiya/), jirgin ruwa ne na fasinja da ake amfani da shi a kogin [[Nil|Nilu]] a [[Misra|Masar]] . Yawanci ana amfani da kalmar don kwatanta jirgin ruwa mai zurfi mai kama da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai biyu ko fiye. Jiragen ruwan sun kasance a wani tsari na tsawon shekaru dubbai, tare da zane irin wannan a bangon kaburburan [[Fir'auna|Fir'aunawan Masar]] . Hakika, sunan ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Larabci ta " [[Zinare|zinariya]] ", saboda irin wannan jirgin ruwan da aka yi da zinare da sarakunan [[Musulmi]] na Masar suka yi amfani da shi a [[Zamanin Tsakiya]] . <ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Dahabeah}}</ref> == Tarihi == [[Fayil:5_Dahabeah_on_the_Nile.jpg|thumb|Dahabeah a kan Kogin Nilu, 1891]] Har zuwa shekarun 1870, dahabiya ita ce hanyar da masu yawon bude ido ke bi don hawa da sauka a kogin Nilu. A cewar Donald Reid, a shekarar 1858 "tafiya ta kwana arba'in daga [[Kairo|Alkahira]] zuwa [[Luxor]] ta kai kimanin fam 110; tafiya ta kwana hamsin zuwa [[Aswan, Egypt|Aswan]] da dawowa, kimanin fam 150." <ref>{{Cite web |date=2007 |title=The Nile Cruise, 1847 and 1897 |url=http://timea.rice.edu/NileCruise.html |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702205156/http://timea.rice.edu:80/NileCruise.html |archive-date=2007-07-02 |website=TIMEA: Travelers in the Middle East Archive |publisher=[[Rice University]]}}</ref> Duk da haka, Thomas Cook Ltd ta gabatar da jirgin ruwan tururi a kogin kuma ta kawo musu ilimin yadda ake mayar da tafiya ta watanni uku zuwa yawon bude ido na kwanaki 28. Zuwa shekarar 1900, yayin da jiragen kasa suka fara gogayya da jirgin ruwan tururi, an ware dahabiyas ne kawai ga matafiya masu arziki da hutu. Wannan kuma shine lokacin da aka sami babban sauyi a yadda ake amfani da dahabiya da kuma kallonta. Littafin Sir John Gardner Wilkinson na 1847 mai suna "Littafin Hannu ga Matafiya a Masar" ya yi cikakken bayani kan yadda ake hayar dahabiya. Matafiyi da ke son yin tafiya a Kogin Nilu ba wai kawai zai yi hayar jirgin ruwan na tsawon lokacin ba, har ma ya samar da shi, ya cire masa kwari da kuma cire shi, ya kula da masu jirgin ruwan har ma ya sake fenti. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=n.d. |title=Wilkinson's Nile Itinerary, 1847 |url=http://timea.rice.edu/NileWilkinson1847.html |url-status=live |journal=TIMEA: Travelers in the Middle East Archive |publisher=[[Rice University]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709184822/http://timea.rice.edu/NileWilkinson1847.html |archive-date=2007-07-09}}</ref> Duk da haka, zuwa shekarar 1897 kamfanonin yawon bude ido sun mayar da tafiyar ta zama ta gari. Thomas Cook ya yi alƙawarin, "An zaɓi masu aikin Dragomans da sauran ma'aikata da kayan abinci da kyau kuma an samar da su." == Zamanin zamani == [[Fayil:Dahabiya_under_tow.jpg|thumb|Dahabiyar Nilu ta zamani a ƙarƙashin jan jirgin ruwa, 2020]] Dahabiyya na zamani har yanzu ba su da injin propeller. Jiragen ruwa masu amfani da dizal suna jan su, kuma suna da janareta mai amfani da dizal a cikin jirgin don samar da wutar lantarki. ''Dahabeya'' kuma sunan wani takamaiman jirgin ruwa ne. == Asalin Ma'anar == ذهبية /ðahabīya/ ita ce mace ta ذهبي /ðahabī/ "zinariya", daga ذهب /ðahab/ "zinariya". A cikin Larabci, ƙarin bayani na mata ''-a'' na iya nuna ma'anar ma'aurata marasa rai, yana canza ma'anar daga "zinariya" zuwa "abu ɗaya na zinariya". Don haka ma'anar ذهبية wani abu ne kamar "mai zinari." == Manazarta == nw8s2yqk0q5aus9p9f06v3z1b6c6amc 0 159257 863679 2026-06-22T07:13:12Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1356590940|Abortion and mental health]]" 863679 wikitext text/x-wiki    Kungiyoyin masana kimiyya da likitoci sun kammala akai-akai cewa [[zubar da ciki]] ba ya haifar da haɗarin lafiyar kwakwalwa fiye da ɗaukar ciki ba tare da niyya ba har zuwa lokaci.<ref name="nccmh">{{Cite web |date=December 2011 |title=Induced Abortion and Mental Health: A systematic review of the evidence |url=http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325013129/http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-date=25 March 2012 |publisher=[[National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health]] |format=PDF}}</ref> Duk da haka, dangantakar da ke tsakanin zubar da ciki da lafiyar kwakwalwa yanki ne na rikice-rikicen siyasa. A shekara ta 2008, Ƙungiyar Ilimin Halitta ta Amirka ta kammala bayan sake dubawa na shaidun da ke akwai cewa zubar da ciki bai kara haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa ba. A cikin shekara ta 2011, Cibiyar Haɗin gwiwar Kasa ta Burtaniya don Lafiya ta Zuciya ta kammala cewa zubar da ciki na farko a cikin watanni uku na farko ba ya ƙara haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar hankali idan aka kwatanta da kawo ciki zuwa [[Juna biyu|lokacin]].<ref name="nccmh">{{Cite web |date=December 2011 |title=Induced Abortion and Mental Health: A systematic review of the evidence |url=http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325013129/http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-date=25 March 2012 |publisher=[[National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health]] |format=PDF}}</ref> A cikin 2018, Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya, Injiniya, da Magunguna ta Kasa ta kammala cewa zubar da ciki ba ya haifar da baƙin ciki, damuwa, ko rikicewar damuwa. Kwalejin Royal College of Obstetricians da Gynaecologists ta Burtaniya ta taƙaita shaidar ta hanyar gano cewa zubar da ciki bai kara haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa ba idan aka kwatanta da [[Mace|mata]] da ke ɗauke da Ciki da ba a so.<ref name="rcog">{{Cite web |title=The Care of Women Requesting Induced Abortion |url=https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/abortion-guideline_web_1.pdf |publisher=[[Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists]] |quote=Women with an [[unintended pregnancy]] should be informed that the evidence suggests that they are no more or less likely to suffer adverse psychological sequelae whether they have an abortion or continue with the pregnancy and have the baby.}}</ref> Bincike biyu da aka gudanar akan yawan mutanen Denmark a cikin 2011 da 2012 sun bincika alaƙar da ke tsakanin zubar da ciki da shigar da likitan kwakwalwa ba su sami karuwar shigarwa ba bayan zubar da cikin ciki. Wannan binciken, a zahiri, ya sami karuwar shigar da likitan kwakwalwa bayan haihuwa ta farko.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Steinberg |first=Julia R. |last2=Laursen |first2=Thomas M. |last3=Adler |first3=Nancy E. |last4=Gasse |first4=Christiane |last5=Agerbo |first5=Esben |last6=Munk-Olsen |first6=Trine |date=2018-08-01 |title=Examining the Association of Antidepressant Prescriptions With First Abortion and First Childbirth |journal=JAMA Psychiatry |language=en |volume=75 |issue=8 |pages=828–834 |doi=10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.0849 |issn=2168-622X |pmc=6143090 |pmid=29847626}}</ref> Binciken tsari 2008 na wallafe-wallafen likita game da zubar da ciki da lafiyar kwakwalwa ya gano cewa binciken da ya dace ya nuna kaɗan ko babu sakamakon lafiyar kwakwalwa na zubar da cikin ciki, yayin da binciken da ba shi da inganci ya fi dacewa ya ba da rahoton mummunan sakamako.<ref name="charles-2008">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Charles VE, Polis CB, Sridhara SK, Blum RW |year=2008 |title=Abortion and long-term mental health outcomes: a systematic review of the evidence |journal=Contraception |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=436–50 |doi=10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005 |pmid=19014789}}</ref> Duk da nauyin ra'ayi na kimiyya da na likita, wasu kungiyoyin masu adawa da zubar da ciki sun ci gaba da zargin alaƙa tsakanin zubar da cikin ciki da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa.<ref name="stotlandreview" /> Wasu kungiyoyin masu adawa da zubar da ciki sun yi amfani da kalmar nan "ciwon bayan zubar da cikin ciki" don komawa ga mummunan tasirin tunanin mutum wanda suke danganta da zubar. Koyaya, "ciwon bayan zubar da ciki" ba a gane shi a matsayin ainihin ciwon ta hanyar al'ummar kiwon lafiya ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cohen, Susan A. |date=2006 |title=Abortion and Mental Health: Myths and Realities |url=https://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/gpr/09/3/gpr090308.html |access-date=4 November 2014 |website=Guttmacher Policy Review |publisher=Guttmacher Institute}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=August 2008 |title=Q&A: Abortion and mental health |url=https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/news/campaigns-and-opinions/human-fertilisation-and-embryology-bill/qa-abortion-and-mental-health/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324165727/https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/news/campaigns-and-opinions/human-fertilisation-and-embryology-bill/qa-abortion-and-mental-health/ |archive-date=24 March 2019 |access-date=5 November 2014 |website=Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists}}</ref> Cutar bayan zubar da ciki (PAS) ba a haɗa ta a cikin Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV-TR ko kuma a cikin jerin ICD-10 na yanayin kwakwalwa. <ref>American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition: DSM-IV-TR. American Psychiatric Pub. {{ISBN|978-0-89042-025-6}}.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ICD-10 Version:2016 |url=https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en}}</ref> Kwararrun likitoci da masu ba da shawara game da zabi sun yi jayayya cewa kokarin fadada ra'ayin "ciwon bayan zubar da ciki" wata dabara ce da masu ba le shawara game da zubar da cikin ciki ke amfani da ita don dalilai na siyasa.<ref name="stotlandreview">{{Cite journal |last=Stotland NL |year=2003 |title=Abortion and psychiatric practice |journal=J Psychiatr Pract |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=139–49 |doi=10.1097/00131746-200303000-00005 |pmid=15985924 |s2cid=37575499}} ''"Currently, there are active attempts to convince the public and women considering abortion that abortion frequently has negative psychiatric consequences. This assertion is not borne out by the literature: the vast majority of women tolerate abortion without psychiatric sequelae."''</ref><ref name="stotland_1404747">{{Cite journal |last=Stotland NL |date=October 1992 |title=The myth of the abortion trauma syndrome |journal=JAMA |volume=268 |issue=15 |pages=2078–9 |doi=10.1001/jama.268.15.2078 |pmid=1404747}}</ref> Wasu majalisun dokokin jihohin Amurka sun ba da umarnin cewa a gaya wa marasa lafiya cewa zubar da ciki yana ƙara haɗarin su na baƙin ciki da kashe kansa, duk da Shaidar kimiyya da ta sabawa irin waɗannan da'awar.<ref name="charles-2008">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Charles VE, Polis CB, Sridhara SK, Blum RW |year=2008 |title=Abortion and long-term mental health outcomes: a systematic review of the evidence |journal=Contraception |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=436–50 |doi=10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005 |pmid=19014789}}</ref><ref name="nejm-sd">{{Cite journal |last=Lazzarini Z |date=November 2008 |title=South Dakota's Abortion Script – Threatening the Physician-Patient Relationship |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=359 |issue=21 |pages=2189–2191 |doi=10.1056/NEJMp0806742 |pmid=19020321 |quote=The purported increased risks of psychological distress, depression, and suicide that physicians are required to warn women about are not supported by the bulk of the scientific literature. By requiring physicians to deliver such misinformation and discouraging them from providing alternative accurate information, the statute forces physicians to violate their obligation to solicit truly informed consent.}}</ref> == Shaidar kimiyya ta yanzu == Bincike na tsari wallafe-wallafen kimiyya sun kammala cewa babu bambance-bambance a cikin lafiyar hankali na dogon lokaci na mata da ke samun zubar da ciki idan aka kwatanta da mata a cikin kungiyoyin kula da suka dace - wato, waɗanda ke ɗaukar ciki ba tare da shiri ba. Wadannan binciken ba su sami wata alaƙa da ke tsakanin zubar da ciki da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa ba.<ref name="charles-2008">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Charles VE, Polis CB, Sridhara SK, Blum RW |year=2008 |title=Abortion and long-term mental health outcomes: a systematic review of the evidence |journal=Contraception |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=436–50 |doi=10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005 |pmid=19014789}}</ref> Duk da yake wasu binciken sun ba da rahoton alaƙar kididdiga tsakanin zubar da ciki da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan binciken yawanci suna da lahani kuma sun kasa lissafin abubuwan da ke rikitarwa, ko, kamar yadda yake tare da sakamakon mata da ke da zubar da zubar, sakamakon ya haifar da rashin daidaituwa da sauran irin wannan binciken.<ref name="Horvath2017">{{Cite journal |last=Horvath |first=S |last2=Schreiber |first2=CA |date=14 September 2017 |title=Unintended Pregnancy, Induced Abortion, and Mental Health. |journal=Current Psychiatry Reports |volume=19 |issue=11 |page=77 |doi=10.1007/s11920-017-0832-4 |pmid=28905259 |s2cid=4769393}}</ref> Haɗin da aka lura a wasu binciken na iya bayyanawa ta hanyar yanayin zamantakewar da ya riga ya kasance da matsalolin motsin rai ko lafiyar hankali.<ref name="APA2008" /><ref name="Horvath2017" /> Abubuwa daban-daban, kamar halayyar motsin rai ga ciki, rashin tallafi, da ra'ayoyin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya game da zubar da ciki na iya ƙara yiwuwar fuskantar mummunar martani. Manyan kungiyoyin likitoci da masu ilimin kwakwalwa sun gano cewa zubar da ciki ba ya haifar da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa. A cikin shekara ta 2008, Ƙungiyar Ilimin Halitta ta Amirka ta sake nazarin wallafe-wallafen game da zubar da ciki da lafiyar kwakwalwa kuma ta kammala cewa haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa bayan zubar da cikin ciki guda ɗaya, na farkon watanni uku na mata masu girma ba su da girma fiye da ɗaukar ciki da ba a so. Yayinda suke lura da cewa zubar da ciki na iya sauƙaƙa damuwa da "ya haifar da ƙarin damuwa," sun yi watsi da ra'ayin cewa zubar cikin ciki "yana da damuwa sosai". [1] Daga cikin waɗancan matan da ke fuskantar matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa bayan zubar da zubar da cikin ciki, APA ta kammala cewa waɗannan batutuwan suna da alaƙa da abubuwan haɗari da suka riga sun kasance. Tunda waɗannan da sauran abubuwan haɗari na iya sa wasu mata su sami mummunar halayen bayan haihuwa, yawancin cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa da aka lura tsakanin mata da tarihin zubar da ciki na baya suna iya haifar da waɗannan wasu dalilai fiye da zubar da cikin ciki kanta.[1] Kwamitin ya lura da rashin daidaituwa mai tsanani tsakanin sakamakon da aka ruwaito ta hanyar binciken kan tasirin zubar da ciki da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, dalilai iri ɗaya waɗanda ke sa mace ta yi ciki da yawa da ba a so na iya sa ta sami matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Saboda haka, sun ki yanke shawara mai ƙarfi game da binciken da ya shafi zubar da ciki da yawa.[1][2][3] A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011, Kwalejin Royal College of Psychiatrists ta Burtaniya ta gudanar da bita don bayyana batun ko zubar da [[Juna biyu|ciki]] yana da mummunar tasiri ga lafiyar kwakwalwar mata. Binciken, wanda Cibiyar Haɗin Kai ta Kasa ta Kula da Lafiya ta Zuciya ta gudanar kuma Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Burtaniya ta ba da kuɗin, ta kammala cewa yayin da ciki da ba a so na iya ƙara haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa, matan da ke fuskantar ciki da ba za a so suna da irin wannan ƙimar matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwar ko sun zaɓi ɗaukar ciki zuwa lokaci ko kuma zubar da ciki.<ref name="nccmh">{{Cite web |date=December 2011 |title=Induced Abortion and Mental Health: A systematic review of the evidence |url=http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325013129/http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-date=25 March 2012 |publisher=[[National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health]] |format=PDF}}</ref> Binciken dogon lokaci na 2020 tsakanin matan Amurka ya gano cewa kusan kashi 99% na mata sun ji cewa sun yanke shawara mai kyau shekaru biyar bayan sun zubar da ciki. Ciki shine ainihin motsin rai tare da mata kalilan da ke jin bakin ciki ko laifi. Rashin mutunci na zamantakewa shine babban abin da ke hasashen mummunan motsin rai da nadama shekaru bayan haka. Masu binciken sun kuma bayyana cewa: "Waɗannan sakamakon sun kara da shaidar kimiyya cewa motsin rai game da zubar da ciki yana da alaƙa da mahallin mutum da zamantakewa, kuma ba samfurin tsarin zubar da cikin ciki ba ne".[1] Wasu mata suna fuskantar mummunan motsin rai bayan [[Barin ciki|zubar da ciki]], amma ba a cikin bambancin da ya bambanta da matan da ke son zubar da cikin ciki kuma ba su da ɗaya ko daga matan da suka zubar da zubar da jini.<ref name="Horvath2017">{{Cite journal |last=Horvath |first=S |last2=Schreiber |first2=CA |date=14 September 2017 |title=Unintended Pregnancy, Induced Abortion, and Mental Health. |journal=Current Psychiatry Reports |volume=19 |issue=11 |page=77 |doi=10.1007/s11920-017-0832-4 |pmid=28905259 |s2cid=4769393}}</ref><ref name="Kelly2014">{{Cite journal |last=Kelly |first=Kimberly |date=February 2014 |title=The spread of 'Post Abortion Syndrome' as social diagnosis |journal=Social Science & Medicine |volume=102 |pages=18–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.11.030 |pmid=24565137}}</ref> Mata da ke da zubar da ciki na iya samun tallafi daga masu ba da zubar, ko cibiyoyin kira na kasa kamar Exhale. == Cutar bayan zubar da ciki == Ra'ayin cewa zubar da ciki yana da mummunan tasirin tunanin mutum an inganta shi sosai ta hanyar cibiyoyin daukar ciki na rikicin a cikin shekarun 1970s kuma kalmar nan "mahimmanci bayan zubar da jini" an yi amfani da ita sosai ta hanyar masu ba da shawara game da zubar da cikin ciki don haɗawa da duk wani mummunan halayen motsin rai da aka danganta da zubar.<ref name="Kelly2014">{{Cite journal |last=Kelly |first=Kimberly |date=February 2014 |title=The spread of 'Post Abortion Syndrome' as social diagnosis |journal=Social Science & Medicine |volume=102 |pages=18–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.11.030 |pmid=24565137}}</ref> Ba a tabbatar da ciwon bayan zubar da ciki a matsayin yanayin ƙwaƙwalwa mai hankali ba kuma Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Zuciya ta Amirka, Ƙungiyar Kwararrun Kwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Amirka, Kwalejin Kwararrun Likitoci da Masana Gynecologists ta Amirka, ko Ƙungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jama'a ta Amirka ba ta amince da ita ba.<ref name="stotlandreview">{{Cite journal |last=Stotland NL |year=2003 |title=Abortion and psychiatric practice |journal=J Psychiatr Pract |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=139–49 |doi=10.1097/00131746-200303000-00005 |pmid=15985924 |s2cid=37575499}} ''"Currently, there are active attempts to convince the public and women considering abortion that abortion frequently has negative psychiatric consequences. This assertion is not borne out by the literature: the vast majority of women tolerate abortion without psychiatric sequelae."''</ref><ref name="stotland_1404747">{{Cite journal |last=Stotland NL |date=October 1992 |title=The myth of the abortion trauma syndrome |journal=JAMA |volume=268 |issue=15 |pages=2078–9 |doi=10.1001/jama.268.15.2078 |pmid=1404747}}</ref><ref name="Kelly2014">{{Cite journal |last=Kelly |first=Kimberly |date=February 2014 |title=The spread of 'Post Abortion Syndrome' as social diagnosis |journal=Social Science & Medicine |volume=102 |pages=18–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.11.030 |pmid=24565137}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Casey |first=PR |date=August 2010 |title=Abortion among young women and subsequent life outcomes. |journal=Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=491–502 |doi=10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2010.02.007 |pmid=20303829 |s2cid=23052359 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref name="JSoc2">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Russo NF, Denious JE |year=2005 |title=Controlling birth: science, politics, and public policy |journal=J Soc Issues |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=181–91 |doi=10.1111/j.0022-4537.2005.00400.x |pmid=17073030}}</ref><ref name="bioethics">{{Cite journal |last=Dadlez |first=E.M. |last2=Andrews |first2=William L. |date=7 July 2009 |title=Post-Abortion Syndrome: Creating an Affliction |journal=Bioethics |volume=24 |issue=9 |pages=445–452 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-8519.2009.01739.x |pmid=19594725 |s2cid=205564834}}</ref> Cibiyar Guttmacher ta ba da rahoton cewa tun daga watan Agusta 2018, daga cikin jihohin Amurka 22 da suka haɗa da bayanai game da yiwuwar martani na tunanin mutum game da zubar da ciki, jihohi takwas sun jaddada martani mara kyau.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-14 |title=Counseling and Waiting Periods for Abortion |url=https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/counseling-and-waiting-periods-abortion |access-date=August 21, 2018 |website=Guttmacher Institute}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1814x9gf16dfszsy5v7338sts8kjiiq 863680 863679 2026-06-22T07:13:56Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 #1Lib1RefNG 863680 wikitext text/x-wiki    {{Databox}} Kungiyoyin masana kimiyya da likitoci sun kammala akai-akai cewa [[zubar da ciki]] ba ya haifar da haɗarin lafiyar kwakwalwa fiye da ɗaukar ciki ba tare da niyya ba har zuwa lokaci.<ref name="nccmh">{{Cite web |date=December 2011 |title=Induced Abortion and Mental Health: A systematic review of the evidence |url=http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325013129/http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-date=25 March 2012 |publisher=[[National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health]] |format=PDF}}</ref> Duk da haka, dangantakar da ke tsakanin zubar da ciki da lafiyar kwakwalwa yanki ne na rikice-rikicen siyasa. A shekara ta 2008, Ƙungiyar Ilimin Halitta ta Amirka ta kammala bayan sake dubawa na shaidun da ke akwai cewa zubar da ciki bai kara haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa ba. A cikin shekara ta 2011, Cibiyar Haɗin gwiwar Kasa ta Burtaniya don Lafiya ta Zuciya ta kammala cewa zubar da ciki na farko a cikin watanni uku na farko ba ya ƙara haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar hankali idan aka kwatanta da kawo ciki zuwa [[Juna biyu|lokacin]].<ref name="nccmh">{{Cite web |date=December 2011 |title=Induced Abortion and Mental Health: A systematic review of the evidence |url=http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325013129/http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-date=25 March 2012 |publisher=[[National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health]] |format=PDF}}</ref> A cikin 2018, Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya, Injiniya, da Magunguna ta Kasa ta kammala cewa zubar da ciki ba ya haifar da baƙin ciki, damuwa, ko rikicewar damuwa. Kwalejin Royal College of Obstetricians da Gynaecologists ta Burtaniya ta taƙaita shaidar ta hanyar gano cewa zubar da ciki bai kara haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa ba idan aka kwatanta da [[Mace|mata]] da ke ɗauke da Ciki da ba a so.<ref name="rcog">{{Cite web |title=The Care of Women Requesting Induced Abortion |url=https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/abortion-guideline_web_1.pdf |publisher=[[Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists]] |quote=Women with an [[unintended pregnancy]] should be informed that the evidence suggests that they are no more or less likely to suffer adverse psychological sequelae whether they have an abortion or continue with the pregnancy and have the baby.}}</ref> Bincike biyu da aka gudanar akan yawan mutanen Denmark a cikin 2011 da 2012 sun bincika alaƙar da ke tsakanin zubar da ciki da shigar da likitan kwakwalwa ba su sami karuwar shigarwa ba bayan zubar da cikin ciki. Wannan binciken, a zahiri, ya sami karuwar shigar da likitan kwakwalwa bayan haihuwa ta farko.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Steinberg |first=Julia R. |last2=Laursen |first2=Thomas M. |last3=Adler |first3=Nancy E. |last4=Gasse |first4=Christiane |last5=Agerbo |first5=Esben |last6=Munk-Olsen |first6=Trine |date=2018-08-01 |title=Examining the Association of Antidepressant Prescriptions With First Abortion and First Childbirth |journal=JAMA Psychiatry |language=en |volume=75 |issue=8 |pages=828–834 |doi=10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.0849 |issn=2168-622X |pmc=6143090 |pmid=29847626}}</ref> Binciken tsari 2008 na wallafe-wallafen likita game da zubar da ciki da lafiyar kwakwalwa ya gano cewa binciken da ya dace ya nuna kaɗan ko babu sakamakon lafiyar kwakwalwa na zubar da cikin ciki, yayin da binciken da ba shi da inganci ya fi dacewa ya ba da rahoton mummunan sakamako.<ref name="charles-2008">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Charles VE, Polis CB, Sridhara SK, Blum RW |year=2008 |title=Abortion and long-term mental health outcomes: a systematic review of the evidence |journal=Contraception |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=436–50 |doi=10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005 |pmid=19014789}}</ref> Duk da nauyin ra'ayi na kimiyya da na likita, wasu kungiyoyin masu adawa da zubar da ciki sun ci gaba da zargin alaƙa tsakanin zubar da cikin ciki da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa.<ref name="stotlandreview" /> Wasu kungiyoyin masu adawa da zubar da ciki sun yi amfani da kalmar nan "ciwon bayan zubar da cikin ciki" don komawa ga mummunan tasirin tunanin mutum wanda suke danganta da zubar. Koyaya, "ciwon bayan zubar da ciki" ba a gane shi a matsayin ainihin ciwon ta hanyar al'ummar kiwon lafiya ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cohen, Susan A. |date=2006 |title=Abortion and Mental Health: Myths and Realities |url=https://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/gpr/09/3/gpr090308.html |access-date=4 November 2014 |website=Guttmacher Policy Review |publisher=Guttmacher Institute}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=August 2008 |title=Q&A: Abortion and mental health |url=https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/news/campaigns-and-opinions/human-fertilisation-and-embryology-bill/qa-abortion-and-mental-health/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324165727/https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/news/campaigns-and-opinions/human-fertilisation-and-embryology-bill/qa-abortion-and-mental-health/ |archive-date=24 March 2019 |access-date=5 November 2014 |website=Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists}}</ref> Cutar bayan zubar da ciki (PAS) ba a haɗa ta a cikin Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV-TR ko kuma a cikin jerin ICD-10 na yanayin kwakwalwa. <ref>American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition: DSM-IV-TR. American Psychiatric Pub. {{ISBN|978-0-89042-025-6}}.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ICD-10 Version:2016 |url=https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en}}</ref> Kwararrun likitoci da masu ba da shawara game da zabi sun yi jayayya cewa kokarin fadada ra'ayin "ciwon bayan zubar da ciki" wata dabara ce da masu ba le shawara game da zubar da cikin ciki ke amfani da ita don dalilai na siyasa.<ref name="stotlandreview">{{Cite journal |last=Stotland NL |year=2003 |title=Abortion and psychiatric practice |journal=J Psychiatr Pract |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=139–49 |doi=10.1097/00131746-200303000-00005 |pmid=15985924 |s2cid=37575499}} ''"Currently, there are active attempts to convince the public and women considering abortion that abortion frequently has negative psychiatric consequences. This assertion is not borne out by the literature: the vast majority of women tolerate abortion without psychiatric sequelae."''</ref><ref name="stotland_1404747">{{Cite journal |last=Stotland NL |date=October 1992 |title=The myth of the abortion trauma syndrome |journal=JAMA |volume=268 |issue=15 |pages=2078–9 |doi=10.1001/jama.268.15.2078 |pmid=1404747}}</ref> Wasu majalisun dokokin jihohin Amurka sun ba da umarnin cewa a gaya wa marasa lafiya cewa zubar da ciki yana ƙara haɗarin su na baƙin ciki da kashe kansa, duk da Shaidar kimiyya da ta sabawa irin waɗannan da'awar.<ref name="charles-2008">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Charles VE, Polis CB, Sridhara SK, Blum RW |year=2008 |title=Abortion and long-term mental health outcomes: a systematic review of the evidence |journal=Contraception |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=436–50 |doi=10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005 |pmid=19014789}}</ref><ref name="nejm-sd">{{Cite journal |last=Lazzarini Z |date=November 2008 |title=South Dakota's Abortion Script – Threatening the Physician-Patient Relationship |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=359 |issue=21 |pages=2189–2191 |doi=10.1056/NEJMp0806742 |pmid=19020321 |quote=The purported increased risks of psychological distress, depression, and suicide that physicians are required to warn women about are not supported by the bulk of the scientific literature. By requiring physicians to deliver such misinformation and discouraging them from providing alternative accurate information, the statute forces physicians to violate their obligation to solicit truly informed consent.}}</ref> == Shaidar kimiyya ta yanzu == Bincike na tsari wallafe-wallafen kimiyya sun kammala cewa babu bambance-bambance a cikin lafiyar hankali na dogon lokaci na mata da ke samun zubar da ciki idan aka kwatanta da mata a cikin kungiyoyin kula da suka dace - wato, waɗanda ke ɗaukar ciki ba tare da shiri ba. Wadannan binciken ba su sami wata alaƙa da ke tsakanin zubar da ciki da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa ba.<ref name="charles-2008">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Charles VE, Polis CB, Sridhara SK, Blum RW |year=2008 |title=Abortion and long-term mental health outcomes: a systematic review of the evidence |journal=Contraception |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=436–50 |doi=10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005 |pmid=19014789}}</ref> Duk da yake wasu binciken sun ba da rahoton alaƙar kididdiga tsakanin zubar da ciki da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa, waɗannan binciken yawanci suna da lahani kuma sun kasa lissafin abubuwan da ke rikitarwa, ko, kamar yadda yake tare da sakamakon mata da ke da zubar da zubar, sakamakon ya haifar da rashin daidaituwa da sauran irin wannan binciken.<ref name="Horvath2017">{{Cite journal |last=Horvath |first=S |last2=Schreiber |first2=CA |date=14 September 2017 |title=Unintended Pregnancy, Induced Abortion, and Mental Health. |journal=Current Psychiatry Reports |volume=19 |issue=11 |page=77 |doi=10.1007/s11920-017-0832-4 |pmid=28905259 |s2cid=4769393}}</ref> Haɗin da aka lura a wasu binciken na iya bayyanawa ta hanyar yanayin zamantakewar da ya riga ya kasance da matsalolin motsin rai ko lafiyar hankali.<ref name="APA2008" /><ref name="Horvath2017" /> Abubuwa daban-daban, kamar halayyar motsin rai ga ciki, rashin tallafi, da ra'ayoyin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya game da zubar da ciki na iya ƙara yiwuwar fuskantar mummunar martani. Manyan kungiyoyin likitoci da masu ilimin kwakwalwa sun gano cewa zubar da ciki ba ya haifar da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa. A cikin shekara ta 2008, Ƙungiyar Ilimin Halitta ta Amirka ta sake nazarin wallafe-wallafen game da zubar da ciki da lafiyar kwakwalwa kuma ta kammala cewa haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa bayan zubar da cikin ciki guda ɗaya, na farkon watanni uku na mata masu girma ba su da girma fiye da ɗaukar ciki da ba a so. Yayinda suke lura da cewa zubar da ciki na iya sauƙaƙa damuwa da "ya haifar da ƙarin damuwa," sun yi watsi da ra'ayin cewa zubar cikin ciki "yana da damuwa sosai". [1] Daga cikin waɗancan matan da ke fuskantar matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa bayan zubar da zubar da cikin ciki, APA ta kammala cewa waɗannan batutuwan suna da alaƙa da abubuwan haɗari da suka riga sun kasance. Tunda waɗannan da sauran abubuwan haɗari na iya sa wasu mata su sami mummunar halayen bayan haihuwa, yawancin cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa da aka lura tsakanin mata da tarihin zubar da ciki na baya suna iya haifar da waɗannan wasu dalilai fiye da zubar da cikin ciki kanta.[1] Kwamitin ya lura da rashin daidaituwa mai tsanani tsakanin sakamakon da aka ruwaito ta hanyar binciken kan tasirin zubar da ciki da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, dalilai iri ɗaya waɗanda ke sa mace ta yi ciki da yawa da ba a so na iya sa ta sami matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Saboda haka, sun ki yanke shawara mai ƙarfi game da binciken da ya shafi zubar da ciki da yawa.[1][2][3] A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2011, Kwalejin Royal College of Psychiatrists ta Burtaniya ta gudanar da bita don bayyana batun ko zubar da [[Juna biyu|ciki]] yana da mummunar tasiri ga lafiyar kwakwalwar mata. Binciken, wanda Cibiyar Haɗin Kai ta Kasa ta Kula da Lafiya ta Zuciya ta gudanar kuma Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Burtaniya ta ba da kuɗin, ta kammala cewa yayin da ciki da ba a so na iya ƙara haɗarin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa, matan da ke fuskantar ciki da ba za a so suna da irin wannan ƙimar matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwar ko sun zaɓi ɗaukar ciki zuwa lokaci ko kuma zubar da ciki.<ref name="nccmh">{{Cite web |date=December 2011 |title=Induced Abortion and Mental Health: A systematic review of the evidence |url=http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325013129/http://aomrc.org.uk/publications/reports-a-guidance/doc_download/9432-induced-abortion-and-mental-health.html |archive-date=25 March 2012 |publisher=[[National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health]] |format=PDF}}</ref> Binciken dogon lokaci na 2020 tsakanin matan Amurka ya gano cewa kusan kashi 99% na mata sun ji cewa sun yanke shawara mai kyau shekaru biyar bayan sun zubar da ciki. Ciki shine ainihin motsin rai tare da mata kalilan da ke jin bakin ciki ko laifi. Rashin mutunci na zamantakewa shine babban abin da ke hasashen mummunan motsin rai da nadama shekaru bayan haka. Masu binciken sun kuma bayyana cewa: "Waɗannan sakamakon sun kara da shaidar kimiyya cewa motsin rai game da zubar da ciki yana da alaƙa da mahallin mutum da zamantakewa, kuma ba samfurin tsarin zubar da cikin ciki ba ne".[1] Wasu mata suna fuskantar mummunan motsin rai bayan [[Barin ciki|zubar da ciki]], amma ba a cikin bambancin da ya bambanta da matan da ke son zubar da cikin ciki kuma ba su da ɗaya ko daga matan da suka zubar da zubar da jini.<ref name="Horvath2017">{{Cite journal |last=Horvath |first=S |last2=Schreiber |first2=CA |date=14 September 2017 |title=Unintended Pregnancy, Induced Abortion, and Mental Health. |journal=Current Psychiatry Reports |volume=19 |issue=11 |page=77 |doi=10.1007/s11920-017-0832-4 |pmid=28905259 |s2cid=4769393}}</ref><ref name="Kelly2014">{{Cite journal |last=Kelly |first=Kimberly |date=February 2014 |title=The spread of 'Post Abortion Syndrome' as social diagnosis |journal=Social Science & Medicine |volume=102 |pages=18–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.11.030 |pmid=24565137}}</ref> Mata da ke da zubar da ciki na iya samun tallafi daga masu ba da zubar, ko cibiyoyin kira na kasa kamar Exhale. == Cutar bayan zubar da ciki == Ra'ayin cewa zubar da ciki yana da mummunan tasirin tunanin mutum an inganta shi sosai ta hanyar cibiyoyin daukar ciki na rikicin a cikin shekarun 1970s kuma kalmar nan "mahimmanci bayan zubar da jini" an yi amfani da ita sosai ta hanyar masu ba da shawara game da zubar da cikin ciki don haɗawa da duk wani mummunan halayen motsin rai da aka danganta da zubar.<ref name="Kelly2014">{{Cite journal |last=Kelly |first=Kimberly |date=February 2014 |title=The spread of 'Post Abortion Syndrome' as social diagnosis |journal=Social Science & Medicine |volume=102 |pages=18–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.11.030 |pmid=24565137}}</ref> Ba a tabbatar da ciwon bayan zubar da ciki a matsayin yanayin ƙwaƙwalwa mai hankali ba kuma Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Zuciya ta Amirka, Ƙungiyar Kwararrun Kwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Amirka, Kwalejin Kwararrun Likitoci da Masana Gynecologists ta Amirka, ko Ƙungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jama'a ta Amirka ba ta amince da ita ba.<ref name="stotlandreview">{{Cite journal |last=Stotland NL |year=2003 |title=Abortion and psychiatric practice |journal=J Psychiatr Pract |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=139–49 |doi=10.1097/00131746-200303000-00005 |pmid=15985924 |s2cid=37575499}} ''"Currently, there are active attempts to convince the public and women considering abortion that abortion frequently has negative psychiatric consequences. This assertion is not borne out by the literature: the vast majority of women tolerate abortion without psychiatric sequelae."''</ref><ref name="stotland_1404747">{{Cite journal |last=Stotland NL |date=October 1992 |title=The myth of the abortion trauma syndrome |journal=JAMA |volume=268 |issue=15 |pages=2078–9 |doi=10.1001/jama.268.15.2078 |pmid=1404747}}</ref><ref name="Kelly2014">{{Cite journal |last=Kelly |first=Kimberly |date=February 2014 |title=The spread of 'Post Abortion Syndrome' as social diagnosis |journal=Social Science & Medicine |volume=102 |pages=18–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.11.030 |pmid=24565137}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Casey |first=PR |date=August 2010 |title=Abortion among young women and subsequent life outcomes. |journal=Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=491–502 |doi=10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2010.02.007 |pmid=20303829 |s2cid=23052359 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref name="JSoc2">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Russo NF, Denious JE |year=2005 |title=Controlling birth: science, politics, and public policy |journal=J Soc Issues |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=181–91 |doi=10.1111/j.0022-4537.2005.00400.x |pmid=17073030}}</ref><ref name="bioethics">{{Cite journal |last=Dadlez |first=E.M. |last2=Andrews |first2=William L. |date=7 July 2009 |title=Post-Abortion Syndrome: Creating an Affliction |journal=Bioethics |volume=24 |issue=9 |pages=445–452 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-8519.2009.01739.x |pmid=19594725 |s2cid=205564834}}</ref> Cibiyar Guttmacher ta ba da rahoton cewa tun daga watan Agusta 2018, daga cikin jihohin Amurka 22 da suka haɗa da bayanai game da yiwuwar martani na tunanin mutum game da zubar da ciki, jihohi takwas sun jaddada martani mara kyau.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-14 |title=Counseling and Waiting Periods for Abortion |url=https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/counseling-and-waiting-periods-abortion |access-date=August 21, 2018 |website=Guttmacher Institute}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] a6v4d5pu29og1kpk0ysgqqglpnoaxts 0 159258 863728 2026-06-22T09:13:44Z Momi Hauwa 46145 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360311076|Children of Men]]" 863728 wikitext text/x-wiki   ebkbve5xjd1hn02x00t0zqtqmkc1hap 0 159259 863731 2026-06-22T09:26:46Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327688888|USCGC Sedge]]" 863731 wikitext text/x-wiki '''USCGC ''Sedge'' (WAGL-402/WLB-402)''' jirgin ruwa ne mai nau'in Iris mai tsawon ƙafa 180 wanda Jami'an Tsaron Tekun Amurka ke gudanarwa. Ta yi aiki a Pacific a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] da kuma a [[Alaska]] a sauran lokacin aikinta na Tsaron Tekun. An dakatar da ''Sedge'' a shekarar 2002 aka mayar da ita zuwa Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya inda har yanzu take aiki a matsayin NNS ''Kyanwa'' . == Gine-gine da halaye == An gina ''Sedge'' a [[Marine Iron and Shipbuilding Company|Kamfanin Gina Jirgin Ruwa na Marine Iron and Shipbuilding Company]] da ke Duluth, Minnesota don Jami'an Tsaron Teku na Amurka . An shimfida keel ɗinta a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1943, an [[Ceremonial ship launnching|ƙaddamar da]] ita a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1943, kuma an fara aikinta a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 1944. Kudinta na asali shine $865,411. Ita ce ta talatin da biyar daga cikin jiragen ruwa 39 masu tsawon ƙafa 180 da aka gina a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Congressional Record, Volume 148 Issue 132 (Wednesday, October 9, 2002) |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-10-09/html/CREC-2002-10-09-pt1-PgS10220-2.htm |access-date=2020-07-28 |website=www.govinfo.gov}}</ref> An gina harsashinta ne da faranti na ƙarfe da aka haɗa da katakon ƙarfe na I. Kamar yadda aka gina shi da farko, ''Sedge'' yana da {{Convert|180|ft|m}} tsayi, tare da katako mai tsawon {{Convert|37|ft|m}}, da kuma daftarin {{Convert|12|ft|m}} . Matsuguninta ya kai tan 935. Duk da cewa girmanta ya kasance iri ɗaya a tsawon aikinta, ƙarin sabbin kayan aiki ya ɗaga gudun hijirarta zuwa tan 1,025 a ƙarshen aikinta na Guard Coast. An ƙera ta ne don ta yi aiki mai sauƙi wajen karya ƙanƙara. An ƙarfafa jikinta da "bel ɗin ƙanƙara" mai kauri da aka yi da ƙarfe mai kauri a kewaye da layin ruwanta don kare shi daga hudawa. Hakazalika, an ƙarfafa bakanta kuma an tsara ta don ta hau kan ƙanƙara domin ta murƙushe ta da nauyin jirgin. ''Sedge'' yana da injin propeller guda ɗaya mai ruwan wukake 5, {{Convert|8.5|ft|m}} a diamita. Tsarin turawa na dizal da wutar lantarki ne ke tuƙa shi. Injinan dizal guda biyu na Cooper-Bessemer GND-8 masu zagaye huɗu da silinda 8 sun samar da {{Convert|600|hp}} kowannensu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 1985 |title=Recommended Revisions to Gaseous Emission Factors From Several Classes of Off-Highway Mobile Services |url=https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/94002O4A.txt?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&Client=EPA&Index=1981%20Thru%201985&Docs=&Query=(GND)%20OR%20FNAME=%2294002O4A.txt%22%20AND%20FNAME=%2294002O4A.txt%22&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMethod=1&TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntry=&QField=&QFieldYear=&QFieldMonth=&QFieldDay=&UseQField=&IntQFieldOp=0&ExtQFieldOp=0&XmlQuery=&File=D:%5CZYFILES%5CINDEX%20DATA%5C81THRU85%5CTXT%5C00000029%5C94002O4A.txt&User=ANONYMOUS&Password=anonymous&SortMethod=h%7C-&MaximumDocuments=1&FuzzyDegree=0&ImageQuality=r75g8/r75g8/x150y150g16/i425&Display=hpfr&DefSeekPage=x&SearchBack=ZyActionL&Back=ZyActionS&BackDesc=Results%20page&MaximumPages=1&ZyEntry=2&SeekPage=f |access-date=2020-05-18 |website=nepis.epa.gov |page=45 |language=en}}</ref> Sun samar da wutar lantarki ga janareto biyu na Westinghouse . Wutar lantarki daga janareton tana aiki da injin lantarki wanda ke juya propeller. Tana da wani jirgin sama mai ɗaukar kaya guda ɗaya wanda ke da ikon ɗaga tan 20 a kan jirgin ruwanta mai ɗaukar kaya. Tankunan mai na jirgin suna da ƙarfin kimanin {{Convert|28875|USgal|L}} ''.'' Nisan {{'}} ba a sake mai da ''Sedge'' ba ya kai {{Convert|8000|nmi|km}} a {{Convert|13|kn}} {{Convert|12000|nmi|km}} a {{Convert|12|kn}}, da kuma {{Convert|17000|nmi|km}} a {{Convert|8.3|kn}}Tankunan ruwanta na sha suna da ƙarfin {{Convert|30,499|USgal|L}} . . Idan aka yi la'akari da ƙarfin ajiyar ruwa da sauran dalilai, juriyarta a cikin teku ta kasance kwana 21. Masu taimaka mata a lokacin yaƙi sun kai jami'ai 6 da kuma ma'aikatan soja 74. A shekarar 1964, an rage wannan zuwa jami'ai 5, jami'an tsaro 2, da kuma ma'aikatan soja 48. Da farko an yi amfani da ''Sedge'' da bindiga <nowiki><span about="#mwt45" data-cx="[{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;partial&amp;quot;:false,&amp;quot;targetExists&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;quot;:[],&amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;quot;:[]}]" data-mw="{&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Convert&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Samfuri:Convert&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;3&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;in&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;3&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;mm&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwZQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">3-inch (76</span></nowiki><nowiki><span about="#mwt45" data-ve-ignore="" typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>bindiga mai girman /50 da aka saka a bayan gidan matukin jirgi . Tana da bindiga guda biyu {{Convert|20|mm|in}} bindigogi, ɗaya a saman tayoyin mota ɗaya kuma a bayan bene. An kuma ɗora raka'o'i biyu na ƙarfin zurfin jirgi a bayan bene. An cire dukkan makamanta a kan bene a shekarar 1966, inda aka bar ƙananan makamai kawai don matakan tsaro. == Sashen Tsaron Tekun Amurka == Bayan an ba ''Sedge'' aiki, an tura ta zuwa [[Honolulu|Honolulu, Hawaii]], amma ta yi aiki a faɗin Tekun Pacific a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu tana kula da jiragen ruwa da kuma jiragen ruwa a [[Guam]], Okinawa, Anguar, Midway, Pearl Harbor, da [[Shanghai]] . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Congressional Record, Volume 148 Issue 132 (Wednesday, October 9, 2002) |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-10-09/html/CREC-2002-10-09-pt1-PgS10220-2.htm |access-date=2020-07-28 |website=www.govinfo.gov}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-10-09/html/CREC-2002-10-09-pt1-PgS10220-2.htm "Congressional Record, Volume 148 Issue 132 (Wednesday, October 9, 2002)"]. ''www.govinfo.gov''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Karshen Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a shekarar 1945 ya haifar da matsin lamba mai tsanani daga sojojin da aka tilasta musu shiga da iyalansu don hanzarta wargaza su. Rundunar Tsaron Teku ta rasa ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa da yawa har ta tilasta musu dakatar da jiragen ruwa da dama saboda rashin ma'aikatan da za su tuka su. An dakatar da ''Sedge'' a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 1947, saboda rashin ma'aikata. An sake tura jirgin zuwa [[Seattle]] a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1950, aka kuma tura shi zuwa Kodiak, Alaska, inda ya maye gurbin USCGC <nowiki><i id="mwjw">Cedar</i></nowiki> wanda aka dakatar. Baya ga ayyukanta na kula da kayan agaji ga hanyoyin jirgin ruwa, ''Sedge'' ta kasance mai himma a ayyukan ceto. Ta nemi ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa da suka makale, hatsarin jirgin sama, da jiragen ruwa nakasassu a yankin da ke kewaye da Kodiak. A lokacin bazara na shekarar 1956, an tura ''Sedge'' zuwa Barrow, Alaska don aikin fasa kankara don bai wa jiragen ruwa damar isa gabar tekun Arctic. A wani lokaci an kulle ta a cikin kankara na tsawon kwana uku. Jigilar kaya da ''Sedge'' ta yi yana da alaƙa da gina wuraren Layin Gargaɗi na Farko a Barrow da yankunan da ke kewaye. ''Sedge'' ta sami lambar yabo ta Arctic Service Medal saboda tura ta zuwa Barrow. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Congressional Record, Volume 148 Issue 132 (Wednesday, October 9, 2002) |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-10-09/html/CREC-2002-10-09-pt1-PgS10220-2.htm |access-date=2020-07-28 |website=www.govinfo.gov}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-10-09/html/CREC-2002-10-09-pt1-PgS10220-2.htm "Congressional Record, Volume 148 Issue 132 (Wednesday, October 9, 2002)"]. ''www.govinfo.gov''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A ranar 15 ga Yuli, 1957, aka mayar da ''Sedge'' zuwa Cordova, Alaska . Aikinta na kula da kayan agajin jiragen ruwa, da kuma bincike da ceto bai canza ba. A watan Oktoba, 1962, ta ceto ma'aikatan jirgin ''ruwan Alaska Roustabout'' mai mutane shida da suka kife a Tekun Alaska . Sun shafe kwana biyar suna shawagi a kan kwale-kwalen ceto. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] m7aerphkka09i34iez9xrysu7lrb4mx 863732 863731 2026-06-22T09:27:09Z Engineer014 44591 863732 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''USCGC ''Sedge'' (WAGL-402/WLB-402)''' jirgin ruwa ne mai nau'in Iris mai tsawon ƙafa 180 wanda Jami'an Tsaron Tekun Amurka ke gudanarwa. Ta yi aiki a Pacific a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] da kuma a [[Alaska]] a sauran lokacin aikinta na Tsaron Tekun. An dakatar da ''Sedge'' a shekarar 2002 aka mayar da ita zuwa Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya inda har yanzu take aiki a matsayin NNS ''Kyanwa'' . == Gine-gine da halaye == An gina ''Sedge'' a [[Marine Iron and Shipbuilding Company|Kamfanin Gina Jirgin Ruwa na Marine Iron and Shipbuilding Company]] da ke Duluth, Minnesota don Jami'an Tsaron Teku na Amurka . An shimfida keel ɗinta a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1943, an [[Ceremonial ship launnching|ƙaddamar da]] ita a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1943, kuma an fara aikinta a ranar 5 ga Yuli, 1944. Kudinta na asali shine $865,411. Ita ce ta talatin da biyar daga cikin jiragen ruwa 39 masu tsawon ƙafa 180 da aka gina a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Congressional Record, Volume 148 Issue 132 (Wednesday, October 9, 2002) |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-10-09/html/CREC-2002-10-09-pt1-PgS10220-2.htm |access-date=2020-07-28 |website=www.govinfo.gov}}</ref> An gina harsashinta ne da faranti na ƙarfe da aka haɗa da katakon ƙarfe na I. Kamar yadda aka gina shi da farko, ''Sedge'' yana da {{Convert|180|ft|m}} tsayi, tare da katako mai tsawon {{Convert|37|ft|m}}, da kuma daftarin {{Convert|12|ft|m}} . Matsuguninta ya kai tan 935. Duk da cewa girmanta ya kasance iri ɗaya a tsawon aikinta, ƙarin sabbin kayan aiki ya ɗaga gudun hijirarta zuwa tan 1,025 a ƙarshen aikinta na Guard Coast. An ƙera ta ne don ta yi aiki mai sauƙi wajen karya ƙanƙara. An ƙarfafa jikinta da "bel ɗin ƙanƙara" mai kauri da aka yi da ƙarfe mai kauri a kewaye da layin ruwanta don kare shi daga hudawa. Hakazalika, an ƙarfafa bakanta kuma an tsara ta don ta hau kan ƙanƙara domin ta murƙushe ta da nauyin jirgin. ''Sedge'' yana da injin propeller guda ɗaya mai ruwan wukake 5, {{Convert|8.5|ft|m}} a diamita. Tsarin turawa na dizal da wutar lantarki ne ke tuƙa shi. Injinan dizal guda biyu na Cooper-Bessemer GND-8 masu zagaye huɗu da silinda 8 sun samar da {{Convert|600|hp}} kowannensu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 1985 |title=Recommended Revisions to Gaseous Emission Factors From Several Classes of Off-Highway Mobile Services |url=https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/94002O4A.txt?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&Client=EPA&Index=1981%20Thru%201985&Docs=&Query=(GND)%20OR%20FNAME=%2294002O4A.txt%22%20AND%20FNAME=%2294002O4A.txt%22&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMethod=1&TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntry=&QField=&QFieldYear=&QFieldMonth=&QFieldDay=&UseQField=&IntQFieldOp=0&ExtQFieldOp=0&XmlQuery=&File=D:%5CZYFILES%5CINDEX%20DATA%5C81THRU85%5CTXT%5C00000029%5C94002O4A.txt&User=ANONYMOUS&Password=anonymous&SortMethod=h%7C-&MaximumDocuments=1&FuzzyDegree=0&ImageQuality=r75g8/r75g8/x150y150g16/i425&Display=hpfr&DefSeekPage=x&SearchBack=ZyActionL&Back=ZyActionS&BackDesc=Results%20page&MaximumPages=1&ZyEntry=2&SeekPage=f |access-date=2020-05-18 |website=nepis.epa.gov |page=45 |language=en}}</ref> Sun samar da wutar lantarki ga janareto biyu na Westinghouse . Wutar lantarki daga janareton tana aiki da injin lantarki wanda ke juya propeller. Tana da wani jirgin sama mai ɗaukar kaya guda ɗaya wanda ke da ikon ɗaga tan 20 a kan jirgin ruwanta mai ɗaukar kaya. Tankunan mai na jirgin suna da ƙarfin kimanin {{Convert|28875|USgal|L}} ''.'' Nisan {{'}} ba a sake mai da ''Sedge'' ba ya kai {{Convert|8000|nmi|km}} a {{Convert|13|kn}} {{Convert|12000|nmi|km}} a {{Convert|12|kn}}, da kuma {{Convert|17000|nmi|km}} a {{Convert|8.3|kn}}Tankunan ruwanta na sha suna da ƙarfin {{Convert|30,499|USgal|L}} . . Idan aka yi la'akari da ƙarfin ajiyar ruwa da sauran dalilai, juriyarta a cikin teku ta kasance kwana 21. Masu taimaka mata a lokacin yaƙi sun kai jami'ai 6 da kuma ma'aikatan soja 74. A shekarar 1964, an rage wannan zuwa jami'ai 5, jami'an tsaro 2, da kuma ma'aikatan soja 48. Da farko an yi amfani da ''Sedge'' da bindiga <nowiki><span about="#mwt45" data-cx="[{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;partial&amp;quot;:false,&amp;quot;targetExists&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;quot;:[],&amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;quot;:[]}]" data-mw="{&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Convert&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Samfuri:Convert&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;3&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;in&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;3&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;mm&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwZQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">3-inch (76</span></nowiki><nowiki><span about="#mwt45" data-ve-ignore="" typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>bindiga mai girman /50 da aka saka a bayan gidan matukin jirgi . Tana da bindiga guda biyu {{Convert|20|mm|in}} bindigogi, ɗaya a saman tayoyin mota ɗaya kuma a bayan bene. An kuma ɗora raka'o'i biyu na ƙarfin zurfin jirgi a bayan bene. An cire dukkan makamanta a kan bene a shekarar 1966, inda aka bar ƙananan makamai kawai don matakan tsaro. == Sashen Tsaron Tekun Amurka == Bayan an ba ''Sedge'' aiki, an tura ta zuwa [[Honolulu|Honolulu, Hawaii]], amma ta yi aiki a faɗin Tekun Pacific a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu tana kula da jiragen ruwa da kuma jiragen ruwa a [[Guam]], Okinawa, Anguar, Midway, Pearl Harbor, da [[Shanghai]] . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Congressional Record, Volume 148 Issue 132 (Wednesday, October 9, 2002) |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-10-09/html/CREC-2002-10-09-pt1-PgS10220-2.htm |access-date=2020-07-28 |website=www.govinfo.gov}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-10-09/html/CREC-2002-10-09-pt1-PgS10220-2.htm "Congressional Record, Volume 148 Issue 132 (Wednesday, October 9, 2002)"]. ''www.govinfo.gov''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Karshen Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a shekarar 1945 ya haifar da matsin lamba mai tsanani daga sojojin da aka tilasta musu shiga da iyalansu don hanzarta wargaza su. Rundunar Tsaron Teku ta rasa ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa da yawa har ta tilasta musu dakatar da jiragen ruwa da dama saboda rashin ma'aikatan da za su tuka su. An dakatar da ''Sedge'' a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 1947, saboda rashin ma'aikata. An sake tura jirgin zuwa [[Seattle]] a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1950, aka kuma tura shi zuwa Kodiak, Alaska, inda ya maye gurbin USCGC <nowiki><i id="mwjw">Cedar</i></nowiki> wanda aka dakatar. Baya ga ayyukanta na kula da kayan agaji ga hanyoyin jirgin ruwa, ''Sedge'' ta kasance mai himma a ayyukan ceto. Ta nemi ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa da suka makale, hatsarin jirgin sama, da jiragen ruwa nakasassu a yankin da ke kewaye da Kodiak. A lokacin bazara na shekarar 1956, an tura ''Sedge'' zuwa Barrow, Alaska don aikin fasa kankara don bai wa jiragen ruwa damar isa gabar tekun Arctic. A wani lokaci an kulle ta a cikin kankara na tsawon kwana uku. Jigilar kaya da ''Sedge'' ta yi yana da alaƙa da gina wuraren Layin Gargaɗi na Farko a Barrow da yankunan da ke kewaye. ''Sedge'' ta sami lambar yabo ta Arctic Service Medal saboda tura ta zuwa Barrow. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Congressional Record, Volume 148 Issue 132 (Wednesday, October 9, 2002) |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-10-09/html/CREC-2002-10-09-pt1-PgS10220-2.htm |access-date=2020-07-28 |website=www.govinfo.gov}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2002-10-09/html/CREC-2002-10-09-pt1-PgS10220-2.htm "Congressional Record, Volume 148 Issue 132 (Wednesday, October 9, 2002)"]. ''www.govinfo.gov''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A ranar 15 ga Yuli, 1957, aka mayar da ''Sedge'' zuwa Cordova, Alaska . Aikinta na kula da kayan agajin jiragen ruwa, da kuma bincike da ceto bai canza ba. A watan Oktoba, 1962, ta ceto ma'aikatan jirgin ''ruwan Alaska Roustabout'' mai mutane shida da suka kife a Tekun Alaska . Sun shafe kwana biyar suna shawagi a kan kwale-kwalen ceto. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kiyiyimgyvxqqj5qbxrtjvnh2rrbbgx 0 159260 863734 2026-06-22T09:28:16Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343598544|NNS Ekpe]]" 863734 wikitext text/x-wiki '''NNS ''Ekpe'' (P178)''' tsayin {{Convert|58|m|ftin}} jiragen ruwa masu sauri na rundunar sojojin ruwan Najeriya kuma ita ce babbar jirgin ruwan da ke cikin [[Ekpe-class fast attack craft|rukuninta]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Full List of Nigerian Navy Ships (2025) - Nigerian Queries |url=https://nigerianqueries.com/nigerian-navy-ships/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |language=en-US}}</ref> Tun lokacin da aka tura ta aiki a shekarun 1980, an mayar da ita gida a NNS Beecroft da ke Apapa, [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=17 May 2023 |title=List of Nigerian Navy Ships – Nigerian Finder |url=https://nigerianfinder.com/list-of-nigerian-navy-ships/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |language=en-US}}</ref> An ba ta aikin gudanar da sintiri a bakin teku da kuma tabbatar da tsaro a gabar ruwan Najeriya musamman a [[Tekun Guinea]] . <ref name=":1" /> An sanya mata suna ne saboda kalmar [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]] / [[Mutanen Ibibio|Ibibio]] da ake amfani da ita don [[damisa]], dabbar da ta fito daga Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2023 |title=What is the Ekpe Society? |url=https://okwuid.com/2023/08/14/what-is-the-ekpe-society/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=Okwu ID |language=en-US}}</ref> An dauki jirgin a matsayin "mara aiki" a shekarar 2020. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=NIGERIA |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1997/nigeria/Nigeria-09.htm |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> == Gine-gine == Ita ce ta farko daga cikin jiragen ruwa uku EkpeEkpe da Jamus ta gina, waɗanda aka ajiye a ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, 1979, a Lürssen Shipyards da ke Vegesack, [[Yammacin Jamus]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Full List of Nigerian Navy Ships (2025) - Nigerian Queries |url=https://nigerianqueries.com/nigerian-navy-ships/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://nigerianqueries.com/nigerian-navy-ships/ "Full List of Nigerian Navy Ships (2025) - Nigerian Queries"]. 7 June 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> An harba ''Ekpe'' a ranar 17 ga Disamba, 1979, tare da hidimarta ga Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Najeriya a watan Agusta, 1980. Ita ce jirgin farko na kai hari mai sauri wanda aka sanya wa makamai masu linzami (FAC) ga rundunar sojojin ruwa kuma an tsara shi don ƙara wa rundunar jiragen ruwan Faransa na La Combattante III da ke akwai, waɗanda aka tsara don isar da su a farkon shekarun 1980. An sake gyara jirgin a tsakiyar shekarun 1990 kuma an ruwaito cewa an cire makamai masu linzaminta a wannan lokacin don sarrafa farashin kulawa. An sake yin gyare-gyare lokacin da aka kashe 'yar uwarta, ''Agu'', tsakanin 1992 da 1995. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigerian Navy History - Phase II: 1971 – 1988 |url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/nigeria/navy-history-2.htm |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=www.globalsecurity.org}}</ref> == Zane == Jirgin ruwan yana da tsawon {{Convert|58.1|m|ftin}}, tare da tsayin {{Convert|7.61|m|ftin}} katako da kuma iska mai tsawon {{Convert|2.83|m|ftin}} yayin da take fitar da {{Convert|373|t|LT}} ( masu tsayi . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=EKPE fast attack craft (missile) (1980-1981) - Nigerian Navy (Nigeria) |url=https://myownonpmirror.com/ships/nigeria/nig_cf_ekpe.html |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=myownonpmirror.com}}</ref> Injinan dizal guda huɗu na MTU 16V956 TB92 suna samar da injinan turawa masu tuƙi guda huɗu waɗanda ke fitar da shafts huɗu kuma suna samar da {{Convert|20000|hp}} . Tana da matsakaicin gudu na {{Convert|38|kn}} tare da saurin tafiya na kimanin {{Convert|16|kn}} . <ref name=":3" /> Tana da {{Convert|2600|nmi}} na teku . Da aka kammala aikinta, ta ɗauki makamai masu linzami guda huɗu na Otomat Mk.1 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Webmaster |date=1 November 2023 |title=Nigerian Navy's need for missiles |url=https://abiodunborisade.com/nigerian-navys-need-for-missiles/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=Abiodun Borisade TV |language=en-US}}</ref> daga sama zuwa sama tare da ɗaya daga cikin makamai masu linzami {{Cvt|76|mm}} /62-calibre OTO-Melara Compact Bindiga da tagwaye {{Cvt|40|mm}} guda ɗaya /70-caliber Breda-Bofors bindiga mai linzami. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=NIGERIA |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1997/nigeria/Nigeria-09.htm |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=www.hrw.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.hrw.org/reports/1997/nigeria/Nigeria-09.htm "NIGERIA"]. ''www.hrw.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> An kuma sanye ta da tagwaye biyu {{Cvt|30|mm}} /75-caliber Emerlec EX-30. Na'urorin firikwensin nata sun haɗa da [[radar]] Decca 1226C da WM-28 da kuma matakan RDL. Ma'aikata 40 ne ke kula da ita. == Aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya == Tun lokacin da aka tura ta aiki, ta yi aiki a ƙarƙashin Hukumar Sojan Ruwa ta Yamma daga NNS Beecroft, babban sansanin aiki na rundunar sojin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Western Naval – Nigerian Navy {{!}} Official Website / |url=https://navy.mil.ng/western-naval/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=navy.mil.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Aikinta ya haɗa da tallafawa tsaron gabar teku, yin sintiri a yankunan ruwa don keta dokokin kamun kifi, da kuma kula da EEZ na ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ships – Nigerian Navy {{!}} Official Website / |url=https://navy.mil.ng/ships/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shigarta aiki ya yi daidai da saurin karuwar sojojin Najeriya a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20. A lokacin da aka tura rundunar [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] / [[Kungiyar sa ido kan tattalin arzikin kasashen yammacin Afrika|ECOMOG]] a shekarar 1997 zuwa ruwan Sierra Leone, wanda aka yi yunƙurin [[Yakin basasa na Sierra Leone|juyin mulki]], jirgin ruwan ya sami matsala sosai kuma ya gaza a ƙoƙarinta na tallafawa sojojin ƙasa da ƙasa. A lokacin wannan aika-aikar, ta tantance yiwuwar barazanar da za ta iya fuskanta yayin da jiragen ruwa masu alaƙa suka kai hare-hare kan wuraren ƙasa. <ref name=":2" /> Duk da cewa an sanya jirgin a cikin jerin jiragen ruwa masu "aiki" a shekarar 2010, an sanya mata suna "ba ya aiki" a shekarar 2020. == Manazarta == 9nkh020pz5ermoa1s25cmcgwg4phbnv 863735 863734 2026-06-22T09:28:44Z Engineer014 44591 863735 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''NNS ''Ekpe'' (P178)''' tsayin {{Convert|58|m|ftin}} jiragen ruwa masu sauri na rundunar sojojin ruwan Najeriya kuma ita ce babbar jirgin ruwan da ke cikin [[Ekpe-class fast attack craft|rukuninta]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Full List of Nigerian Navy Ships (2025) - Nigerian Queries |url=https://nigerianqueries.com/nigerian-navy-ships/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |language=en-US}}</ref> Tun lokacin da aka tura ta aiki a shekarun 1980, an mayar da ita gida a NNS Beecroft da ke Apapa, [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=17 May 2023 |title=List of Nigerian Navy Ships – Nigerian Finder |url=https://nigerianfinder.com/list-of-nigerian-navy-ships/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |language=en-US}}</ref> An ba ta aikin gudanar da sintiri a bakin teku da kuma tabbatar da tsaro a gabar ruwan Najeriya musamman a [[Tekun Guinea]] . <ref name=":1" /> An sanya mata suna ne saboda kalmar [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]] / [[Mutanen Ibibio|Ibibio]] da ake amfani da ita don [[damisa]], dabbar da ta fito daga Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2023 |title=What is the Ekpe Society? |url=https://okwuid.com/2023/08/14/what-is-the-ekpe-society/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=Okwu ID |language=en-US}}</ref> An dauki jirgin a matsayin "mara aiki" a shekarar 2020. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=NIGERIA |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1997/nigeria/Nigeria-09.htm |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> == Gine-gine == Ita ce ta farko daga cikin jiragen ruwa uku EkpeEkpe da Jamus ta gina, waɗanda aka ajiye a ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, 1979, a Lürssen Shipyards da ke Vegesack, [[Yammacin Jamus]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Full List of Nigerian Navy Ships (2025) - Nigerian Queries |url=https://nigerianqueries.com/nigerian-navy-ships/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://nigerianqueries.com/nigerian-navy-ships/ "Full List of Nigerian Navy Ships (2025) - Nigerian Queries"]. 7 June 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> An harba ''Ekpe'' a ranar 17 ga Disamba, 1979, tare da hidimarta ga Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Najeriya a watan Agusta, 1980. Ita ce jirgin farko na kai hari mai sauri wanda aka sanya wa makamai masu linzami (FAC) ga rundunar sojojin ruwa kuma an tsara shi don ƙara wa rundunar jiragen ruwan Faransa na La Combattante III da ke akwai, waɗanda aka tsara don isar da su a farkon shekarun 1980. An sake gyara jirgin a tsakiyar shekarun 1990 kuma an ruwaito cewa an cire makamai masu linzaminta a wannan lokacin don sarrafa farashin kulawa. An sake yin gyare-gyare lokacin da aka kashe 'yar uwarta, ''Agu'', tsakanin 1992 da 1995. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigerian Navy History - Phase II: 1971 – 1988 |url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/nigeria/navy-history-2.htm |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=www.globalsecurity.org}}</ref> == Zane == Jirgin ruwan yana da tsawon {{Convert|58.1|m|ftin}}, tare da tsayin {{Convert|7.61|m|ftin}} katako da kuma iska mai tsawon {{Convert|2.83|m|ftin}} yayin da take fitar da {{Convert|373|t|LT}} ( masu tsayi . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=EKPE fast attack craft (missile) (1980-1981) - Nigerian Navy (Nigeria) |url=https://myownonpmirror.com/ships/nigeria/nig_cf_ekpe.html |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=myownonpmirror.com}}</ref> Injinan dizal guda huɗu na MTU 16V956 TB92 suna samar da injinan turawa masu tuƙi guda huɗu waɗanda ke fitar da shafts huɗu kuma suna samar da {{Convert|20000|hp}} . Tana da matsakaicin gudu na {{Convert|38|kn}} tare da saurin tafiya na kimanin {{Convert|16|kn}} . <ref name=":3" /> Tana da {{Convert|2600|nmi}} na teku . Da aka kammala aikinta, ta ɗauki makamai masu linzami guda huɗu na Otomat Mk.1 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Webmaster |date=1 November 2023 |title=Nigerian Navy's need for missiles |url=https://abiodunborisade.com/nigerian-navys-need-for-missiles/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=Abiodun Borisade TV |language=en-US}}</ref> daga sama zuwa sama tare da ɗaya daga cikin makamai masu linzami {{Cvt|76|mm}} /62-calibre OTO-Melara Compact Bindiga da tagwaye {{Cvt|40|mm}} guda ɗaya /70-caliber Breda-Bofors bindiga mai linzami. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=NIGERIA |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1997/nigeria/Nigeria-09.htm |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=www.hrw.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.hrw.org/reports/1997/nigeria/Nigeria-09.htm "NIGERIA"]. ''www.hrw.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> An kuma sanye ta da tagwaye biyu {{Cvt|30|mm}} /75-caliber Emerlec EX-30. Na'urorin firikwensin nata sun haɗa da [[radar]] Decca 1226C da WM-28 da kuma matakan RDL. Ma'aikata 40 ne ke kula da ita. == Aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya == Tun lokacin da aka tura ta aiki, ta yi aiki a ƙarƙashin Hukumar Sojan Ruwa ta Yamma daga NNS Beecroft, babban sansanin aiki na rundunar sojin ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Western Naval – Nigerian Navy {{!}} Official Website / |url=https://navy.mil.ng/western-naval/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |website=navy.mil.ng |language=en-US}}</ref> Aikinta ya haɗa da tallafawa tsaron gabar teku, yin sintiri a yankunan ruwa don keta dokokin kamun kifi, da kuma kula da EEZ na ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ships – Nigerian Navy {{!}} Official Website / |url=https://navy.mil.ng/ships/ |access-date=14 August 2025 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shigarta aiki ya yi daidai da saurin karuwar sojojin Najeriya a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20. A lokacin da aka tura rundunar [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] / [[Kungiyar sa ido kan tattalin arzikin kasashen yammacin Afrika|ECOMOG]] a shekarar 1997 zuwa ruwan Sierra Leone, wanda aka yi yunƙurin [[Yakin basasa na Sierra Leone|juyin mulki]], jirgin ruwan ya sami matsala sosai kuma ya gaza a ƙoƙarinta na tallafawa sojojin ƙasa da ƙasa. A lokacin wannan aika-aikar, ta tantance yiwuwar barazanar da za ta iya fuskanta yayin da jiragen ruwa masu alaƙa suka kai hare-hare kan wuraren ƙasa. <ref name=":2" /> Duk da cewa an sanya jirgin a cikin jerin jiragen ruwa masu "aiki" a shekarar 2010, an sanya mata suna "ba ya aiki" a shekarar 2020. == Manazarta == 8sizh8zn6gefd2ww3zy8zzbo8720t0j 0 159261 863736 2026-06-22T09:29:41Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346967249|NNS Kada]]" 863736 wikitext text/x-wiki '''NNS ''Kada''''' jirgin ruwan yaƙi ne mai suna Damen LST 100 na rundunar sojojin ruwan Najeriya . == Bayani da gini == Gwamnatin Najeriya ta ƙaddamar da tsarin mallakar ''Kada'' na gaba a watan Disamba na 2017. An karɓi tayin daga Damen Group na Netherlands, Anadolu Shipyard na Turkiyya, da Goa Shipyard na Indiya. Zai maye gurbin [[Type 502 amphibious warship|jiragen ruwan yaƙi guda biyu masu ruwa da tsaki na Type 502]] da Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft suka gina kuma aka kawo su a shekarar 1978. <ref name="DefenceWeb" /> Najeriya ta yi odar ''Kada'' a shekarar 2019 daga Damen. An gina shi a tashar jiragen ruwa [[Albwardy Damen|ta Albwardy Damen]] da ke [[Sharjah (birni)|Sharjah]], [[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa]] ; an ƙaddamar da shi a shekarar 2021; an kai shi Najeriya a shekarar 2022; <ref name="Janes">{{Cite web |date=2022-05-27 |title=Nigeria&#39;s new LST NNS Kada arrives home |url=https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/sea/nigerias-new-lst-nns-kada-arrives-home |access-date=2026-03-31 |website=Jane's |language=en}}</ref> kuma an tura shi cikin Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Najeriya a ranar 21 ga Mayu 2023. A cewar Janes Information Services, Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya ta yi niyyar amfani da jirgin don "jigilar kayan aiki da sojoji masu mahimmanci, taimakon jin kai da ayyukan agajin gaggawa, da kuma aikin samar da tsaron teku a Tekun Guinea." <ref name="Janes">{{Cite web |date=2022-05-27 |title=Nigeria&#39;s new LST NNS Kada arrives home |url=https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/sea/nigerias-new-lst-nns-kada-arrives-home |access-date=2026-03-31 |website=Jane's |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/sea/nigerias-new-lst-nns-kada-arrives-home "Nigeria&#x27;s new LST NNS Kada arrives home"]. </cite></ref> == Manazarta == 2qxu4ig3kktp02u0bl5a6c2fc3l997j 863737 863736 2026-06-22T09:30:01Z Engineer014 44591 863737 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''NNS ''Kada''''' jirgin ruwan yaƙi ne mai suna Damen LST 100 na rundunar sojojin ruwan Najeriya . == Bayani da gini == Gwamnatin Najeriya ta ƙaddamar da tsarin mallakar ''Kada'' na gaba a watan Disamba na 2017. An karɓi tayin daga Damen Group na Netherlands, Anadolu Shipyard na Turkiyya, da Goa Shipyard na Indiya. Zai maye gurbin [[Type 502 amphibious warship|jiragen ruwan yaƙi guda biyu masu ruwa da tsaki na Type 502]] da Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft suka gina kuma aka kawo su a shekarar 1978. <ref name="DefenceWeb" /> Najeriya ta yi odar ''Kada'' a shekarar 2019 daga Damen. An gina shi a tashar jiragen ruwa [[Albwardy Damen|ta Albwardy Damen]] da ke [[Sharjah (birni)|Sharjah]], [[Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa|Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa]] ; an ƙaddamar da shi a shekarar 2021; an kai shi Najeriya a shekarar 2022; <ref name="Janes">{{Cite web |date=2022-05-27 |title=Nigeria&#39;s new LST NNS Kada arrives home |url=https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/sea/nigerias-new-lst-nns-kada-arrives-home |access-date=2026-03-31 |website=Jane's |language=en}}</ref> kuma an tura shi cikin Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Najeriya a ranar 21 ga Mayu 2023. A cewar Janes Information Services, Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya ta yi niyyar amfani da jirgin don "jigilar kayan aiki da sojoji masu mahimmanci, taimakon jin kai da ayyukan agajin gaggawa, da kuma aikin samar da tsaron teku a Tekun Guinea." <ref name="Janes">{{Cite web |date=2022-05-27 |title=Nigeria&#39;s new LST NNS Kada arrives home |url=https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/sea/nigerias-new-lst-nns-kada-arrives-home |access-date=2026-03-31 |website=Jane's |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/sea/nigerias-new-lst-nns-kada-arrives-home "Nigeria&#x27;s new LST NNS Kada arrives home"]. </cite></ref> == Manazarta == k6ffxq7yb18ye7mr66zuh693dto20pm 0 159262 863739 2026-06-22T09:31:36Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345641355|USCGC Sassafras]]" 863739 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Sassafras''''' wani nau'in C-Class ne, {{Convert|180|foot}}, jirgin ruwa mai saukar ungulu da aka gina wa Jami'an Tsaron Teku na Amurka ta Marine Iron & Shipbuilding Corp. na Duluth, [[Minnesota]] . ''Sassafras'' yana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa 39 da aka ba da umarnin yin aiki waɗanda suka haɗa da kayan agaji don kewayawa, karya kankara, bincike-da-ceto, kashe gobara, tilasta bin doka, samar da mai da ruwan sha, da kuma taimakawa ga Binciken Teku da Girgizar Ƙasa. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:WLB_Sassafras.JPG|thumb|''Sassafras'' na USCGC a gefen Tsibirin Manua, Samoa ta Amurka]] [[Fayil:Sassafras_boom.jpg|thumb|USCGC SASSAFRAS VOSS]] '''1943''' - 16 ga Agusta. An yi jana'izar Keel a Duluth, Minnesota. '''1943''' - 5 Oktoba. An ƙaddamar da Superior Bay. '''1944''' - 23 ga Mayu. An naɗa shi a matsayin USCGC ''Sassafras'' (WAGL-401). '''1945''' - 15 ga Afrilu. An kawo gida [[San Francisco]], California. '''1946''' - 23 ga Agusta. Ya bar San Francisco zuwa sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa ta [[Honolulu]], Hawaii. '''1946-47''' - Ya taimaka wa rundunar sojojin ruwa ta bakwai da ke cikin ayyukan yaƙi a [[Filipin|Philippines]] . '''1947''' - 22 ga Agusta. Ya bar Honolulu zuwa sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa ta Cape May, New Jersey . '''1949''' - Ta taimaka wa USCGC <nowiki><i id="mwOg">Eastwind</i></nowiki> bayan ta ji mummunan rauni a wani karo da ta yi da MV ''Gulfstream'' a ranar 19 ga Janairu 1949 a kusa da Cape May, New Jersey. '''1957''' - 4 ga Satumba. Ya taimaka bayan karo tsakanin jiragen saman [[United States Air Force|Amurka]] F-89 guda biyu a Delaware Bay . == Manazarta == 9j54pik10yff56tqyw310sd27up2k2y 863740 863739 2026-06-22T09:31:57Z Engineer014 44591 863740 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Sassafras''''' wani nau'in C-Class ne, {{Convert|180|foot}}, jirgin ruwa mai saukar ungulu da aka gina wa Jami'an Tsaron Teku na Amurka ta Marine Iron & Shipbuilding Corp. na Duluth, [[Minnesota]] . ''Sassafras'' yana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa 39 da aka ba da umarnin yin aiki waɗanda suka haɗa da kayan agaji don kewayawa, karya kankara, bincike-da-ceto, kashe gobara, tilasta bin doka, samar da mai da ruwan sha, da kuma taimakawa ga Binciken Teku da Girgizar Ƙasa. == Tarihi == [[Fayil:WLB_Sassafras.JPG|thumb|''Sassafras'' na USCGC a gefen Tsibirin Manua, Samoa ta Amurka]] [[Fayil:Sassafras_boom.jpg|thumb|USCGC SASSAFRAS VOSS]] '''1943''' - 16 ga Agusta. An yi jana'izar Keel a Duluth, Minnesota. '''1943''' - 5 Oktoba. An ƙaddamar da Superior Bay. '''1944''' - 23 ga Mayu. An naɗa shi a matsayin USCGC ''Sassafras'' (WAGL-401). '''1945''' - 15 ga Afrilu. An kawo gida [[San Francisco]], California. '''1946''' - 23 ga Agusta. Ya bar San Francisco zuwa sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa ta [[Honolulu]], Hawaii. '''1946-47''' - Ya taimaka wa rundunar sojojin ruwa ta bakwai da ke cikin ayyukan yaƙi a [[Filipin|Philippines]] . '''1947''' - 22 ga Agusta. Ya bar Honolulu zuwa sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa ta Cape May, New Jersey . '''1949''' - Ta taimaka wa USCGC <nowiki><i id="mwOg">Eastwind</i></nowiki> bayan ta ji mummunan rauni a wani karo da ta yi da MV ''Gulfstream'' a ranar 19 ga Janairu 1949 a kusa da Cape May, New Jersey. '''1957''' - 4 ga Satumba. Ya taimaka bayan karo tsakanin jiragen saman [[United States Air Force|Amurka]] F-89 guda biyu a Delaware Bay . == Manazarta == 7ipy3t2txs0e2ajs9nrtw851mwf8dj9 0 159263 863741 2026-06-22T09:32:58Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327869877|NNS Oji]]" 863741 wikitext text/x-wiki '''NNS ''Oji'' (P-275)''' ita ce ta uku kuma ta baya-bayan nan da aka yi a cikin jiragen ruwan tsaron teku na Seaward Defence Boat da injiniyoyinsu suka gina wa rundunar sojin ruwan Najeriya a tashar jiragen ruwa ta ruwa, [[Tsibirin Victoria, Lagos|Victoria Island, Legas]] . Shugaban Najeriya [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ne ya dauki nauyin jirgin ruwan, wanda ya ce <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2021 |title=Channels Television |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2021/12/09/buhari-inaugurates-nigeria-made-vessel-reiterates-support-for-navy/}}</ref> "ƙasarmu na fuskantar raguwar kudaden shigarmu da kuma kalubalen tsaro da muke fuskanta" kuma ya kamata ma'aikata su yi amfani da dandamalin yadda ya kamata tare da ci gaba da kasancewa kwararru. NNS ''Oji'' yana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa na asali waɗanda ke da jirgin ruwa na farko na SDB, NNS ''Andoni'' (P-100), wanda aka kawo a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2012, da kuma {{Convert|40|m}} SDB 2 NNS Karaduwa (P-102) wanda aka gabatar a ranar 15 ga Disamba 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lionel |first=Ekene |date=December 12, 2017 |title=NNS KARADUWA (P102): Nigeria's indigenous Seaward Defence Boat (SDB 2) |url=https://www.military.africa/2017/12/nns-karaduwa-p102-made-in-nigeria-warship-nigerian-navys-pride-and-joy?v=65d8f7baa677 |access-date=10 December 2021 |website=Military Africa}}</ref> Don ayyukan sintiri, tana da makamai 30&nbsp;bindigar ruwa mai sarrafa kanta mm, guda uku 12.7&nbsp;bindigogin mashin mm, da kuma zaɓi 40&nbsp;mm mai harba gurneti. An sanya masa tashar sarrafa radar ta Simrad, kuma ana ɗaukar wani jirgin ruwa mai saukar jiragen ruwa mai suna RHIB a bayan jirgin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lionel |first=Ekene |date=10 December 2021 |title=NNS Oji (P-275): Nigeria commissions third indigenous Seaward Defence Boat |url=https://www.military.africa/2021/12/nns-oji-p-275-nigeria-commisions-indigenous-seaward-defence-boat-3 |access-date=10 December 2021 |website=Military Africa}}</ref> == Manazarta == jfzo3ru628nsyp2x4vh11i08ocfbqkc 863742 863741 2026-06-22T09:33:25Z Engineer014 44591 863742 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''NNS ''Oji'' (P-275)''' ita ce ta uku kuma ta baya-bayan nan da aka yi a cikin jiragen ruwan tsaron teku na Seaward Defence Boat da injiniyoyinsu suka gina wa rundunar sojin ruwan Najeriya a tashar jiragen ruwa ta ruwa, [[Tsibirin Victoria, Lagos|Victoria Island, Legas]] . Shugaban Najeriya [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ne ya dauki nauyin jirgin ruwan, wanda ya ce <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2021 |title=Channels Television |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2021/12/09/buhari-inaugurates-nigeria-made-vessel-reiterates-support-for-navy/}}</ref> "ƙasarmu na fuskantar raguwar kudaden shigarmu da kuma kalubalen tsaro da muke fuskanta" kuma ya kamata ma'aikata su yi amfani da dandamalin yadda ya kamata tare da ci gaba da kasancewa kwararru. NNS ''Oji'' yana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa na asali waɗanda ke da jirgin ruwa na farko na SDB, NNS ''Andoni'' (P-100), wanda aka kawo a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2012, da kuma {{Convert|40|m}} SDB 2 NNS Karaduwa (P-102) wanda aka gabatar a ranar 15 ga Disamba 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lionel |first=Ekene |date=December 12, 2017 |title=NNS KARADUWA (P102): Nigeria's indigenous Seaward Defence Boat (SDB 2) |url=https://www.military.africa/2017/12/nns-karaduwa-p102-made-in-nigeria-warship-nigerian-navys-pride-and-joy?v=65d8f7baa677 |access-date=10 December 2021 |website=Military Africa}}</ref> Don ayyukan sintiri, tana da makamai 30&nbsp;bindigar ruwa mai sarrafa kanta mm, guda uku 12.7&nbsp;bindigogin mashin mm, da kuma zaɓi 40&nbsp;mm mai harba gurneti. An sanya masa tashar sarrafa radar ta Simrad, kuma ana ɗaukar wani jirgin ruwa mai saukar jiragen ruwa mai suna RHIB a bayan jirgin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lionel |first=Ekene |date=10 December 2021 |title=NNS Oji (P-275): Nigeria commissions third indigenous Seaward Defence Boat |url=https://www.military.africa/2021/12/nns-oji-p-275-nigeria-commisions-indigenous-seaward-defence-boat-3 |access-date=10 December 2021 |website=Military Africa}}</ref> == Manazarta == 6zziu5lfx1mw23jlagyronwmzd5i40f 0 159264 863743 2026-06-22T09:34:35Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327848750|USCGC Firebush]]" 863743 wikitext text/x-wiki '''USCGC ''Firebush'' (WLB-393)''' wani IrisIris ne wajen jigilar kaya mallakar rundunar tsaron gabar tekun Amurka ya fara aiki a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, 1944 kuma aka fara aiki da shi a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1944. Daga ƙarshe aka mayar da ita zuwa rundunar sojojin ruwan Najeriya a watan Yunin 2003 aka kuma canza mata suna zuwa '''''Nwamba''''' . == Zane == IrisIris An gina bayan MesquiteMesquite . ''Firebush'' ya kashe dala $926,446 don ginawa kuma tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|180|ft|m}} . Tana da katako mai {{Convert|37|ft|m}} da kuma daftarin har zuwa {{Convert|12|ft|m}} a lokacin ginin, kodayake an ƙara wannan zuwa {{Convert|14|ft|7|in|m}} a shekarar 1966. Da farko ta sami canjin {{Convert|935|lt|t}} masu tsayi ; an ƙara wannan zuwa {{Convert|1026|lt|t}} a shekarar 1966. An haɗa ta da injin lantarki ɗaya. An haɗa ta da janareta biyu na Westinghouse waɗanda injinan dizal na Cooper Bessemer GND-8 guda biyu masu zagaye huɗu ke tuƙa su. Jirgin ruwan yana da sukurori ɗaya. <ref name="iris">{{Cite web |title=Firebush |url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/firebush_1944.asp |access-date=24 August 2015 |publisher=United States Coast Guard}}</ref> Jirgin ruwan ''Iris'' mai matsakaicin gudu mai tsayi na {{Convert|13|kn}} , kodayake wannan ya ragu zuwa kusan {{Convert|11.9|kn}} a shekarar 1966. Domin samun ingantaccen aiki da tattalin arziki, dole ne su fara aiki a {{Convert|8.3|kn}} da farko., kodayake wannan ya karu zuwa {{Convert|8.5|kn}}a cikin a cikin 1966. Jiragen ruwan suna da ƙarin jami'ai shida da ma'aikatan jirgin sama saba'in da huɗu a cikin 1945; wannan ya ragu zuwa sammacin biyu, jami'ai huɗu, da kuma mutane arba'in da bakwai a cikin 1966. An sanya musu tsarin radar SL1 da tsarin sonar QBE-3A a cikin 1945. Makamansu sun ƙunshi bindiga ɗaya mai girman 3"/50 caliber, bindigogi biyu masu girman 20 mm / 80-caliber, Mousetraps guda biyu, hanyoyin caji mai zurfi guda biyu, da bindigogin Y guda huɗu a cikin 1945; an cire waɗannan a cikin 1966. <ref name="iris">{{Cite web |title=Firebush |url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/firebush_1944.asp |access-date=24 August 2015 |publisher=United States Coast Guard}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/firebush_1944.asp "Firebush"]. United States Coast Guard<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == n3q5e8nhgb2c5m6m9pu3qatz6uzaqha 863744 863743 2026-06-22T09:35:03Z Engineer014 44591 863744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''USCGC ''Firebush'' (WLB-393)''' wani IrisIris ne wajen jigilar kaya mallakar rundunar tsaron gabar tekun Amurka ya fara aiki a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, 1944 kuma aka fara aiki da shi a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1944. Daga ƙarshe aka mayar da ita zuwa rundunar sojojin ruwan Najeriya a watan Yunin 2003 aka kuma canza mata suna zuwa '''''Nwamba''''' . == Zane == IrisIris An gina bayan MesquiteMesquite . ''Firebush'' ya kashe dala $926,446 don ginawa kuma tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|180|ft|m}} . Tana da katako mai {{Convert|37|ft|m}} da kuma daftarin har zuwa {{Convert|12|ft|m}} a lokacin ginin, kodayake an ƙara wannan zuwa {{Convert|14|ft|7|in|m}} a shekarar 1966. Da farko ta sami canjin {{Convert|935|lt|t}} masu tsayi ; an ƙara wannan zuwa {{Convert|1026|lt|t}} a shekarar 1966. An haɗa ta da injin lantarki ɗaya. An haɗa ta da janareta biyu na Westinghouse waɗanda injinan dizal na Cooper Bessemer GND-8 guda biyu masu zagaye huɗu ke tuƙa su. Jirgin ruwan yana da sukurori ɗaya. <ref name="iris">{{Cite web |title=Firebush |url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/firebush_1944.asp |access-date=24 August 2015 |publisher=United States Coast Guard}}</ref> Jirgin ruwan ''Iris'' mai matsakaicin gudu mai tsayi na {{Convert|13|kn}} , kodayake wannan ya ragu zuwa kusan {{Convert|11.9|kn}} a shekarar 1966. Domin samun ingantaccen aiki da tattalin arziki, dole ne su fara aiki a {{Convert|8.3|kn}} da farko., kodayake wannan ya karu zuwa {{Convert|8.5|kn}}a cikin a cikin 1966. Jiragen ruwan suna da ƙarin jami'ai shida da ma'aikatan jirgin sama saba'in da huɗu a cikin 1945; wannan ya ragu zuwa sammacin biyu, jami'ai huɗu, da kuma mutane arba'in da bakwai a cikin 1966. An sanya musu tsarin radar SL1 da tsarin sonar QBE-3A a cikin 1945. Makamansu sun ƙunshi bindiga ɗaya mai girman 3"/50 caliber, bindigogi biyu masu girman 20 mm / 80-caliber, Mousetraps guda biyu, hanyoyin caji mai zurfi guda biyu, da bindigogin Y guda huɗu a cikin 1945; an cire waɗannan a cikin 1966. <ref name="iris">{{Cite web |title=Firebush |url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/firebush_1944.asp |access-date=24 August 2015 |publisher=United States Coast Guard}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/firebush_1944.asp "Firebush"]. United States Coast Guard<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == cagawkzy549dj1jvw84q6o6bqczr57x 0 159265 863745 2026-06-22T09:36:27Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345231393|HMS Hare]]" 863745 wikitext text/x-wiki '''HMS ''Hare'' (J389)''' wani AlgerineAlgerine ne mai amfani da tururin tururi tsira daga yaƙin kuma aka sayar da ita ga Najeriya a shekarar 1958 a matsayin '''HMNS ''Nigeria''''' . == Zane da bayanin == Rukunin injin turbin ya kori {{Convert|940|-|980|LT|t}} a kan nauyin da aka saba da shi da kuma {{Convert|1225|-|1265|LT|t}} a cikin babban kaya . Jiragen ruwan sun auna {{Convert|225|ft|m|1}} tsayi gabaɗaya tare da katako na {{Convert|35|ft|6|in|m|1}} . Sun yi amfani da {{Convert|12|ft|3|in|m|1}} . Kayayyakin jiragen ruwan sun ƙunshi jami'ai 85 da kuma kimantawa . An yi amfani da bindiga kirar QF <nowiki><span about="#mwt24" data-cx="[{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;partial&amp;quot;:false,&amp;quot;targetExists&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;quot;:[],&amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;quot;:[]}]" data-mw="{&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Convert&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Samfuri:Convert&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;4&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;in&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;3&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;mm&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;4&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwLQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">4</span></nowiki> a matsayin makami ga ajin ''Algerine''mm) Bindigogi masu hana jiragen sama Mk V da kuma na'urorin Bofors guda huɗu masu tsawon mm 40. An sanya dukkan jiragen ruwan don jifa huɗu da kuma na'urorin layi biyu don ƙarfin zurfin . == Gine-gine da aiki == === Sabis a cikin Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Royal === An yi odar jirgin a ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 1942 a Harland &amp;amp; Wolff da ke Belfast, [[Ireland ta Arewa|Arewacin Ireland]] . An kwantar da ita a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1943 kuma aka harba ta a ranar 20 ga Yuni, 1944. An ba da umarnin a fara amfani ''da zomo'' a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1944. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=HMS Hare (J 389) of the Royal Navy - British Minesweeper of the Algerine class - Allied Warships of WWII |url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3762.html |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=uboat.net}}</ref> An dakatar da ''aikin zomo'' a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 1946. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=HMS Hare (J 389) of the Royal Navy - British Minesweeper of the Algerine class - Allied Warships of WWII |url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3762.html |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=uboat.net}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3762.html "HMS Hare (J 389) of the Royal Navy - British Minesweeper of the Algerine class - Allied Warships of WWII"]. ''uboat.net''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Daga nan aka sayar da ita ga Najeriya a watan Mayun 1958, inda aka yi bikin canja wurinta a [[Portsmouth]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=royal naval volunteer reserve |url=http://www.cchla.ufpb.br/ligepsi/itezi/royal-naval-volunteer-reserve |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906034808/http://www.cchla.ufpb.br/ligepsi/itezi/royal-naval-volunteer-reserve |archive-date=6 September 2021 |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=www.cchla.ufpb.br}}</ref> === Aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya === ''An sake wa zomo'' suna zuwa HMNS ''Nigeria'' kuma an ba shi aikin a ranar 21 ga Yuli 1959. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mason |first=Geoffrey B. |date=2001 |title=''HMS HARE (J 389) - Algerine-class Fleet Minesweeper'' |url=https://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-22MS-Algerine-HMS_Hare.htm |website=Naval History Net}}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin, an yi bikin ƙararrawa ta azurfa ta jirgin ruwa mai suna {{HMS|Nigeria|60|6}}An gabatar da {{HMS|Nigeria|60|6}}, wacce aka bayar da gudummawarta a shekarar 1940 daga hannun Turawan [[Mallakar Najeriya|Mulkin Mallaka na Najeriya]], ga mai aikin tace ma'adinai, wanda shine sabon jirgin ruwan rundunar sojin ruwan Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2020 |title=Release of Information |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880008/Response_-_02224.pdf |access-date=9 June 2022 |publisher=Ministry of Defence}}</ref> An dakatar da aikin jirgin a shekarar 1962 kuma ya koma Burtaniya. Ta isa Faslane a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 1962. <ref>{{Cite web |title=HMS HARE |url=https://www.shipsnostalgia.com/media/hms-hare.242197/ |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=Ships Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == kl03wtfpwdmsunywnojwvdan9g61774 863746 863745 2026-06-22T09:36:47Z Engineer014 44591 863746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''HMS ''Hare'' (J389)''' wani AlgerineAlgerine ne mai amfani da tururin tururi tsira daga yaƙin kuma aka sayar da ita ga Najeriya a shekarar 1958 a matsayin '''HMNS ''Nigeria''''' . == Zane da bayanin == Rukunin injin turbin ya kori {{Convert|940|-|980|LT|t}} a kan nauyin da aka saba da shi da kuma {{Convert|1225|-|1265|LT|t}} a cikin babban kaya . Jiragen ruwan sun auna {{Convert|225|ft|m|1}} tsayi gabaɗaya tare da katako na {{Convert|35|ft|6|in|m|1}} . Sun yi amfani da {{Convert|12|ft|3|in|m|1}} . Kayayyakin jiragen ruwan sun ƙunshi jami'ai 85 da kuma kimantawa . An yi amfani da bindiga kirar QF <nowiki><span about="#mwt24" data-cx="[{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;partial&amp;quot;:false,&amp;quot;targetExists&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;quot;:[],&amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;quot;:[]}]" data-mw="{&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Convert&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Samfuri:Convert&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;4&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;in&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;3&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;mm&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;4&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwLQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">4</span></nowiki> a matsayin makami ga ajin ''Algerine''mm) Bindigogi masu hana jiragen sama Mk V da kuma na'urorin Bofors guda huɗu masu tsawon mm 40. An sanya dukkan jiragen ruwan don jifa huɗu da kuma na'urorin layi biyu don ƙarfin zurfin . == Gine-gine da aiki == === Sabis a cikin Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Royal === An yi odar jirgin a ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 1942 a Harland &amp;amp; Wolff da ke Belfast, [[Ireland ta Arewa|Arewacin Ireland]] . An kwantar da ita a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1943 kuma aka harba ta a ranar 20 ga Yuni, 1944. An ba da umarnin a fara amfani ''da zomo'' a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1944. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=HMS Hare (J 389) of the Royal Navy - British Minesweeper of the Algerine class - Allied Warships of WWII |url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3762.html |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=uboat.net}}</ref> An dakatar da ''aikin zomo'' a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 1946. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=HMS Hare (J 389) of the Royal Navy - British Minesweeper of the Algerine class - Allied Warships of WWII |url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3762.html |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=uboat.net}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3762.html "HMS Hare (J 389) of the Royal Navy - British Minesweeper of the Algerine class - Allied Warships of WWII"]. ''uboat.net''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Daga nan aka sayar da ita ga Najeriya a watan Mayun 1958, inda aka yi bikin canja wurinta a [[Portsmouth]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=royal naval volunteer reserve |url=http://www.cchla.ufpb.br/ligepsi/itezi/royal-naval-volunteer-reserve |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906034808/http://www.cchla.ufpb.br/ligepsi/itezi/royal-naval-volunteer-reserve |archive-date=6 September 2021 |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=www.cchla.ufpb.br}}</ref> === Aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya === ''An sake wa zomo'' suna zuwa HMNS ''Nigeria'' kuma an ba shi aikin a ranar 21 ga Yuli 1959. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mason |first=Geoffrey B. |date=2001 |title=''HMS HARE (J 389) - Algerine-class Fleet Minesweeper'' |url=https://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-22MS-Algerine-HMS_Hare.htm |website=Naval History Net}}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin, an yi bikin ƙararrawa ta azurfa ta jirgin ruwa mai suna {{HMS|Nigeria|60|6}}An gabatar da {{HMS|Nigeria|60|6}}, wacce aka bayar da gudummawarta a shekarar 1940 daga hannun Turawan [[Mallakar Najeriya|Mulkin Mallaka na Najeriya]], ga mai aikin tace ma'adinai, wanda shine sabon jirgin ruwan rundunar sojin ruwan Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2020 |title=Release of Information |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880008/Response_-_02224.pdf |access-date=9 June 2022 |publisher=Ministry of Defence}}</ref> An dakatar da aikin jirgin a shekarar 1962 kuma ya koma Burtaniya. Ta isa Faslane a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 1962. <ref>{{Cite web |title=HMS HARE |url=https://www.shipsnostalgia.com/media/hms-hare.242197/ |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=Ships Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == dtan1a97nca2qg9h3kjo4o5cwli5gra 863747 863746 2026-06-22T09:38:14Z Engineer014 44591 863747 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''HMS ''Hare'' (J389)''' wani AlgerineAlgerine ne mai amfani da tururin tururi tsira daga yaƙin kuma aka sayar da ita ga Najeriya a shekarar 1958 a matsayin '''HMNS ''Nigeria''''' . == Zane da bayanin == Rukunin injin turbin ya kori {{Convert|940|-|980|LT|t}} a kan nauyin da aka saba da shi da kuma {{Convert|1225|-|1265|LT|t}} a cikin babban kaya . Jiragen ruwan sun auna {{Convert|225|ft|m|1}} tsayi gabaɗaya tare da katako na {{Convert|35|ft|6|in|m|1}} . Sun yi amfani da {{Convert|12|ft|3|in|m|1}} . Kayayyakin jiragen ruwan sun ƙunshi jami'ai 85 da kuma kimantawa . An yi amfani da bindiga a matsayin makami ga ajin ''Algerine''mm) Bindigogi masu hana jiragen sama Mk V da kuma na'urorin Bofors guda huɗu masu tsawon mm 40. An sanya dukkan jiragen ruwan don jifa huɗu da kuma na'urorin layi biyu don ƙarfin zurfin . == Gine-gine da aiki == === Sabis a cikin Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Royal === An yi odar jirgin a ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 1942 a Harland &amp;amp; Wolff da ke Belfast, [[Ireland ta Arewa|Arewacin Ireland]] . An kwantar da ita a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 1943 kuma aka harba ta a ranar 20 ga Yuni, 1944. An ba da umarnin a fara amfani ''da zomo'' a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1944. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=HMS Hare (J 389) of the Royal Navy - British Minesweeper of the Algerine class - Allied Warships of WWII |url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3762.html |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=uboat.net}}</ref> An dakatar da ''aikin zomo'' a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 1946. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=HMS Hare (J 389) of the Royal Navy - British Minesweeper of the Algerine class - Allied Warships of WWII |url=https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3762.html |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=uboat.net}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3762.html "HMS Hare (J 389) of the Royal Navy - British Minesweeper of the Algerine class - Allied Warships of WWII"]. ''uboat.net''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Daga nan aka sayar da ita ga Najeriya a watan Mayun 1958, inda aka yi bikin canja wurinta a [[Portsmouth]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=royal naval volunteer reserve |url=http://www.cchla.ufpb.br/ligepsi/itezi/royal-naval-volunteer-reserve |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906034808/http://www.cchla.ufpb.br/ligepsi/itezi/royal-naval-volunteer-reserve |archive-date=6 September 2021 |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=www.cchla.ufpb.br}}</ref> === Aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya === ''An sake wa zomo'' suna zuwa HMNS ''Nigeria'' kuma an ba shi aikin a ranar 21 ga Yuli 1959. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mason |first=Geoffrey B. |date=2001 |title=''HMS HARE (J 389) - Algerine-class Fleet Minesweeper'' |url=https://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-22MS-Algerine-HMS_Hare.htm |website=Naval History Net}}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin, an yi bikin ƙararrawa ta azurfa ta jirgin ruwa mai suna {{HMS|Nigeria|60|6}}An gabatar da {{HMS|Nigeria|60|6}}, wacce aka bayar da gudummawarta a shekarar 1940 daga hannun Turawan [[Mallakar Najeriya|Mulkin Mallaka na Najeriya]], ga mai aikin tace ma'adinai, wanda shine sabon jirgin ruwan rundunar sojin ruwan Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2020 |title=Release of Information |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880008/Response_-_02224.pdf |access-date=9 June 2022 |publisher=Ministry of Defence}}</ref> An dakatar da aikin jirgin a shekarar 1962 kuma ya koma Burtaniya. Ta isa Faslane a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 1962. <ref>{{Cite web |title=HMS HARE |url=https://www.shipsnostalgia.com/media/hms-hare.242197/ |access-date=2021-09-06 |website=Ships Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == 5mttrkxy3z345ymyoee6o1re8x61mdg 0 159266 863748 2026-06-22T09:39:31Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327184921|USCGC Cowslip]]" 863748 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jirgin ruwan USCGC ''Cowslip'' (WLB-277)''' mai {{Convert|180|ft|m|0}} jirgin ruwa mai kama da na teku (WLB). Jirgin ruwa ne mai kama da ''Cactus'', wanda [[Marine Ironworks and Shipbuilding Corporation|Marine Ironworks da Shipbuilding Corporation]] suka gina a Duluth, Minnesota . Hukumar Hasken Lantarki ta Amurka ta kammala ƙirar farko {{'}} ''Cowslip'' kuma [[Marine Iron and Shipbuilding Corporation|Kamfanin Marine Iron da Shipbuilding Corporation]] ne suka samar da ƙirar ƙarshe a Duluth. A ranar 16 ga Satumba, 1941 aka shimfida keel ɗin. An ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 1942 kuma aka fara aikinta a ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 1942. Kudin farko na jirgin ruwa da injina shine $918,873. ''Cowslip'' yana ɗaya daga cikin ainihin 39 {{Convert|180|ft|m|0}} jiragen ruwa masu saukar ungulu da aka gina tsakanin 1942-1944. Duk sai dai ɗaya daga cikin jiragen farko, USCGC Itacen ƙarfe (WLB-297), an gina su a Duluth. Bayan an ba da umarni, an tura ''Cowslip'' zuwa Boston, Massachusetts, inda ta yi aiki har zuwa 1944. Daga 1944 zuwa 1973, an tura ta zuwa Portland, Maine. An dakatar da ''Cowslip'' a 1973 kuma daga baya aka sayar da ita ga wani kamfanin farar hula a 1977. Bayan rasa USCGC Blackthorn (WLB-391) a shekarar 1980, rundunar tsaron gabar teku ta sake sayen ''jirgin ruwan Cowslip'' kuma ta sake ba ta izinin zama mamba. Bayan sake fara aiki, an tura ''Cowslip'' zuwa Tsibirin Gwamna, New York daga 1981–1983. Daga 1983–1984, an mayar da ita filin jirgin ruwan Coast Guard da ke Curtis Bay, Maryland don shiga cikin Shirin Tsawaita Rayuwa na Service Guard (SLEP) wanda daga ƙarshe ya samar da manyan haɓakawa ga jiragen ruwa 14 daga cikin jiragen ruwa 39 masu aji 180. An kammala aikin da aka yi wa ''Cowslip'', wanda ya kashe dala miliyan 8.9, a shekarar 1984 kuma ya buƙaci watanni 16. Haɓaka ayyukan sun haɗa da sabbin injuna, tsarin [[Na'urar tsabtace ruwa|Na'urar Tsabtace Ruwa]], kayan aikin lantarki da na kewayawa da aka inganta, kwamfutar sarrafa turawa, da tsarin wutar lantarki na tsakiya. Bugu da ƙari, an gyara wuraren ajiye jiragen ruwa, an faɗaɗa ofishin jirgin da ɗakin rediyo, an ƙara ƙarin sararin ajiya kuma an sake canza wurin sarrafa boom. Bayan gyara, an tura ''Cowslip'' zuwa Portsmouth, Virginia, inda ta zauna har zuwa 1995. A shekarar 1995, ''Cowslip'' ta koma gabar tekun yamma ta kira tashar jiragen ruwa ta Astoria, Oregon har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya. Wani abin mamaki da ya faru a rayuwar ''Cowslip'' shine karo da wani abu mai {{Convert|757|ft|m|0}}jirgin ruwan kwantenar da ya yi ''hatsari'' a Kogin Columbia a shekarar Duk da cewa ya samu mummunar barna, an gyara ''Cowslip'' aka kuma mayar da shi aiki. == Manazarta == 4b4spptowvmjhavgp867q9gdl9xo7v8 863749 863748 2026-06-22T09:39:53Z Engineer014 44591 863749 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jirgin ruwan USCGC ''Cowslip'' (WLB-277)''' mai {{Convert|180|ft|m|0}} jirgin ruwa mai kama da na teku (WLB). Jirgin ruwa ne mai kama da ''Cactus'', wanda [[Marine Ironworks and Shipbuilding Corporation|Marine Ironworks da Shipbuilding Corporation]] suka gina a Duluth, Minnesota . Hukumar Hasken Lantarki ta Amurka ta kammala ƙirar farko {{'}} ''Cowslip'' kuma [[Marine Iron and Shipbuilding Corporation|Kamfanin Marine Iron da Shipbuilding Corporation]] ne suka samar da ƙirar ƙarshe a Duluth. A ranar 16 ga Satumba, 1941 aka shimfida keel ɗin. An ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 11 ga Afrilu, 1942 kuma aka fara aikinta a ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 1942. Kudin farko na jirgin ruwa da injina shine $918,873. ''Cowslip'' yana ɗaya daga cikin ainihin 39 {{Convert|180|ft|m|0}} jiragen ruwa masu saukar ungulu da aka gina tsakanin 1942-1944. Duk sai dai ɗaya daga cikin jiragen farko, USCGC Itacen ƙarfe (WLB-297), an gina su a Duluth. Bayan an ba da umarni, an tura ''Cowslip'' zuwa Boston, Massachusetts, inda ta yi aiki har zuwa 1944. Daga 1944 zuwa 1973, an tura ta zuwa Portland, Maine. An dakatar da ''Cowslip'' a 1973 kuma daga baya aka sayar da ita ga wani kamfanin farar hula a 1977. Bayan rasa USCGC Blackthorn (WLB-391) a shekarar 1980, rundunar tsaron gabar teku ta sake sayen ''jirgin ruwan Cowslip'' kuma ta sake ba ta izinin zama mamba. Bayan sake fara aiki, an tura ''Cowslip'' zuwa Tsibirin Gwamna, New York daga 1981–1983. Daga 1983–1984, an mayar da ita filin jirgin ruwan Coast Guard da ke Curtis Bay, Maryland don shiga cikin Shirin Tsawaita Rayuwa na Service Guard (SLEP) wanda daga ƙarshe ya samar da manyan haɓakawa ga jiragen ruwa 14 daga cikin jiragen ruwa 39 masu aji 180. An kammala aikin da aka yi wa ''Cowslip'', wanda ya kashe dala miliyan 8.9, a shekarar 1984 kuma ya buƙaci watanni 16. Haɓaka ayyukan sun haɗa da sabbin injuna, tsarin [[Na'urar tsabtace ruwa|Na'urar Tsabtace Ruwa]], kayan aikin lantarki da na kewayawa da aka inganta, kwamfutar sarrafa turawa, da tsarin wutar lantarki na tsakiya. Bugu da ƙari, an gyara wuraren ajiye jiragen ruwa, an faɗaɗa ofishin jirgin da ɗakin rediyo, an ƙara ƙarin sararin ajiya kuma an sake canza wurin sarrafa boom. Bayan gyara, an tura ''Cowslip'' zuwa Portsmouth, Virginia, inda ta zauna har zuwa 1995. A shekarar 1995, ''Cowslip'' ta koma gabar tekun yamma ta kira tashar jiragen ruwa ta Astoria, Oregon har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya. Wani abin mamaki da ya faru a rayuwar ''Cowslip'' shine karo da wani abu mai {{Convert|757|ft|m|0}}jirgin ruwan kwantenar da ya yi ''hatsari'' a Kogin Columbia a shekarar Duk da cewa ya samu mummunar barna, an gyara ''Cowslip'' aka kuma mayar da shi aiki. == Manazarta == cd299dizkwqe938r0rxhbu9werc2o5t 0 159267 863750 2026-06-22T09:41:22Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328109454|Achimota-class fast attack craft]]" 863750 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ajin ''Achimota''''' jerin jiragen sama guda biyu ne masu sauri da ke aiki a cikin Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Ghana . An gina su ne bisa tsarin Lürssen PB 57 iri ɗaya da YıldızYıldız na Turkiyya. Jiragen ruwa guda biyu na ajin sun haɗa da Achimota ( babbar rundunar sojojin ruwan Ghana) da Yogaga . Ghana ta sayi jiragen biyu a ƙarshen shekarun 1970 kuma ta fara aiki a shekarar 1981. Ajin ''Achimota'' yana da OTO Melara <nowiki><span about="#mwt12" data-cx="[{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;partial&amp;quot;:false,&amp;quot;targetExists&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;quot;:[],&amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;quot;:[]}]" data-mw="{&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Convert&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Samfuri:Convert&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;76&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;mm&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;3&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;in&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;4&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;0&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwEg" typeof="mw:Transclusion">76-millimetre (3</span></nowiki><nowiki><span about="#mwt12" data-ve-ignore="" typeof="mw:Entity">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><span about="#mwt12" data-ve-ignore="">a)</span></nowiki> bindiga mai amfani biyu, da kuma bindiga {{Cvt|40|mm|in|1}} bindigogin hana jiragen sama . Ana amfani da su galibi don ayyukan kare kamun kifi. == Zane da bayanin == Jiragen yaƙi masu sauri na ''Achimota'' (FAC) sun dogara ne akan ƙirar Lürssen PB 57 kuma suna da tsari na asali a matsayin YıldızYıldız na Turkiyya. Jiragen ruwan sun kori {{Convert|389|LT|MT}} ( a lokacin da aka cika su, kuma tsayinsu ya kai {{Convert|58.1|m|ftin}} tsayi tare da katako na {{Cvt|7.6|m|ftin}} da kuma zaftarewar {{Cvt|2.8|m|ftin}} . {{Sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995}} {{Sfn|Saunders|2009}} {{Efn|Gardiner, Chumbley & Budzbon gives the two ships a [[Displacement (ship)#standard displacement|standard displacement]] of {{cvt|380|MT|LT}} and {{cvt|410|MT|LT}} at full load.{{sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995|p=157}}}} Jiragen ruwa guda biyu suna da wutar lantarki ta hanyar injunan dizal guda uku na MTU 16V 538 TB91 kowannensu yana juya shaft ɗaya wanda aka kiyasta yana da {{Convert|11400|bhp}} . Wannan yana ba wa FACs matsakaicin gudu na {{Convert|33|kn}} da kuma nisan {{Convert|3300|nmi}} na ruwa a {{Convert|16|kn}} . {{Sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995}} {{Sfn|Saunders|2009}} == Manazarta == me36pi35bb2m5bwgig6eskxyh81i5x4 863751 863750 2026-06-22T09:43:32Z Engineer014 44591 863751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ajin ''Achimota''''' jerin jiragen sama guda biyu ne masu sauri da ke aiki a cikin Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Ghana . An gina su ne bisa tsarin Lürssen PB 57 iri ɗaya da YıldızYıldız na Turkiyya. Jiragen ruwa guda biyu na ajin sun haɗa da Achimota ( babbar rundunar sojojin ruwan Ghana) da Yogaga . Ghana ta sayi jiragen biyu a ƙarshen shekarun 1970 kuma ta fara aiki a shekarar 1981. Ajin ''Achimota'' yana da bindiga mai amfani biyu, da kuma bindiga {{Cvt|40|mm|in|1}} bindigogin hana jiragen sama . Ana amfani da su galibi don ayyukan kare kamun kifi. == Zane da bayanin == Jiragen yaƙi masu sauri na ''Achimota'' (FAC) sun dogara ne akan ƙirar Lürssen PB 57 kuma suna da tsari na asali a matsayin YıldızYıldız na Turkiyya. Jiragen ruwan sun kori {{Convert|389|LT|MT}} ( a lokacin da aka cika su, kuma tsayinsu ya kai {{Convert|58.1|m|ftin}} tsayi tare da katako na {{Cvt|7.6|m|ftin}} da kuma zaftarewar {{Cvt|2.8|m|ftin}} . {{Sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995}} {{Sfn|Saunders|2009}} {{Efn|Gardiner, Chumbley & Budzbon gives the two ships a [[Displacement (ship)#standard displacement|standard displacement]] of {{cvt|380|MT|LT}} and {{cvt|410|MT|LT}} at full load.{{sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995|p=157}}}} Jiragen ruwa guda biyu suna da wutar lantarki ta hanyar injunan dizal guda uku na MTU 16V 538 TB91 kowannensu yana juya shaft ɗaya wanda aka kiyasta yana da {{Convert|11400|bhp}} . Wannan yana ba wa FACs matsakaicin gudu na {{Convert|33|kn}} da kuma nisan {{Convert|3300|nmi}} na ruwa a {{Convert|16|kn}} . {{Sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995}} {{Sfn|Saunders|2009}} == Manazarta == goko22f6kyveuopffy8rxqdlonpuih2 0 159268 863752 2026-06-22T09:45:08Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350578980|FV Thunder]]" 863752 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jirgin FV ''Thunder''''' wani jirgin kamun kifi ne da aka haramta ya nutse a shekarar 2015. An gina jirgin a shekarar 1969 a [[Norway]] kuma ya yi sunaye da yawa, ciki har da: ''Vesturvón'', ''Arctic Ranger'', ''Rubin'', ''Typhoon I'', ''Kuko'', da ''Wuhan N4'' . <ref name="nyt" /> The ''Thunder'' wani bangare ne na " Bandit 6 ", wata kungiyar jiragen ruwa shida na kamun kifi da suka yi kamun kifi ba bisa ka'ida ba a Tekun Kudancin Amurka . An yi rijistar jirgin a karshe a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], [[Najeriya]] ; duk da haka, Najeriya ta cire sunan jirgin a hukumance mako guda kafin ya nutse. <ref name="Drama at Sea">{{Cite web |date=6 April 2015 |title=Drama at Sea |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/04/pirate_chilean_sea_bass_fishing_vessel_sea_shepherd_pursues_the_thunder.html}}</ref> An fitar da [[sanarwar Interpol]] game da jirgin a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 2013. A watan Mayu 2014, jami'an Malaysia sun dakatar da ''Thunder'' saboda kamun kifi ba bisa ka'ida ba; duk da haka, sun bar jirgin ya tafi bayan an biya tarar dala 90,000. <ref name="Thunder gone under: The story of the world’s longest maritime chase">{{Cite web |date=16 April 2015 |title=Thunder gone under: The story of the world's longest maritime chase |url=http://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/thunder-gone-under-the-story-of-the-worlds-longest-maritime-chase/}}</ref> Daga ranar 17 ga Disamba, 2014, zuwa 6 ga Afrilu, 2015, jiragen ruwa biyu na Sea Shepherd, <nowiki><i id="mwKQ">Bob Barker</i></nowiki> da <nowiki><i id="mwKw">Age of Union</i></nowiki>, a matsayin wani ɓangare na "Operation Icefish", <ref name="Icefish">{{Cite web |title=Operation Icefish |url=http://www.seashepherdglobal.org/icefish/ |access-date=July 28, 2015 |website=seashepherdglobal.org |publisher=Sea Shepherd Conservation Society |quote=Illegal fishing operations will be documented, reported and confronted. They will be physically obstructed from deploying their illegal gillnets and unlawful fishing gear will be confiscated and destroyed.}}</ref> sun bi jirgin ruwan ''Thunder'' mai tayar da zaune tsaye na mil 10,000 daga ruwan Antarctic inda yake kamun kifi ba bisa ka'ida ba na Patagonian hakori zuwa inda aka huda ''Thunder'' a cikin ruwan São Tomé da Príncipe a Bibiyar ''Thunder'' ta ɗauki tsawon kwanaki 110, <ref name="Thunder gone under: The story of the world’s longest maritime chase" /> ta karya tarihin da ya gabata na kwanaki 21, wanda jirgin ruwan 'yan sanda na Australiya ''Southern Supporter'' ya kafa a lokacin da ta ke neman ''Viarsa 1'' a shekarar 2003. <ref name="Sea Shepherd breaks record for world's longest sea chase of a poaching vessel">{{Cite web |title=Sea Shepherd breaks record for world's longest sea chase of a poaching vessel |url=http://en.mercopress.com/2015/01/09/sea-shepherd-breaks-record-for-world-s-longest-sea-chase-of-a-poaching-vessel}}</ref> A lokacin da ta nutse, ma'aikatan jirgin sun ƙunshi 'yan Indonesia 30 da jami'ai 10 daga Spain, Chile, da Portugal, waɗanda aka miƙa su ga hukumomi a [[Sao Tome da Prinsipe|São Tomé da Príncipe]] . <ref name="Drama at Sea">{{Cite web |date=6 April 2015 |title=Drama at Sea |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/04/pirate_chilean_sea_bass_fishing_vessel_sea_shepherd_pursues_the_thunder.html}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/04/pirate_chilean_sea_bass_fishing_vessel_sea_shepherd_pursues_the_thunder.html "Drama at Sea"]. 6 April 2015.</cite></ref> Daga baya an gurfanar da jami'an ma'aikatan jirgin a gaban kuliya kuma an yanke musu hukunci kan laifukan kamun kifi da dama ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. An yanke wa kyaftin ɗin jirgin, Luis Alfonso Rubio Cataldo na Chile hukuncin shekaru uku. An yanke wa babban injiniyan jirgin, Agustín Dosil Rey na Spain hukuncin shekaru biyu da watanni tara. An yanke wa makaniki na biyu na jirgin, Luis Miguel Pérez Fernández na Spain hukuncin shekaru biyu da watanni takwas. Tare, an ci su tara sama da dala miliyan 17. [[Interpol]] ta yi imanin cewa jirgin yana cikin rundunar sojoji shida da ke aiki ta kamfanonin harsasai a ƙarƙashin Vidal Armadores, wani kamfani da ke Spain. <ref name="African Court Convicts Captain of Renegade Ship in Illegal Fishing Case" /> <ref name="The Hunt for the Last Chilean Sea Bass Poachers">{{Cite web |title=The Hunt for the Last Chilean Sea Bass Poachers |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/06/17/chilean-sea-bass-toothfish-thunder-sea-shepherd/}}</ref> == Manazarta == 4d3j7w37cun4iqixc535kripioxkmfg 863753 863752 2026-06-22T09:45:47Z Engineer014 44591 863753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jirgin FV ''Thunder''''' wani jirgin kamun kifi ne da aka haramta ya nutse a shekarar 2015. An gina jirgin a shekarar 1969 a [[Norway]] kuma ya yi sunaye da yawa, ciki har da: ''Vesturvón'', ''Arctic Ranger'', ''Rubin'', ''Typhoon I'', ''Kuko'', da ''Wuhan N4'' . <ref name="nyt" /> The ''Thunder'' wani bangare ne na " Bandit 6 ", wata kungiyar jiragen ruwa shida na kamun kifi da suka yi kamun kifi ba bisa ka'ida ba a Tekun Kudancin Amurka . An yi rijistar jirgin a karshe a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], [[Najeriya]] ; duk da haka, Najeriya ta cire sunan jirgin a hukumance mako guda kafin ya nutse. <ref name="Drama at Sea">{{Cite web |date=6 April 2015 |title=Drama at Sea |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/04/pirate_chilean_sea_bass_fishing_vessel_sea_shepherd_pursues_the_thunder.html}}</ref> An fitar da [[sanarwar Interpol]] game da jirgin a ranar 12 ga Afrilu 2013. A watan Mayu 2014, jami'an Malaysia sun dakatar da ''Thunder'' saboda kamun kifi ba bisa ka'ida ba; duk da haka, sun bar jirgin ya tafi bayan an biya tarar dala 90,000. <ref name="Thunder gone under: The story of the world’s longest maritime chase">{{Cite web |date=16 April 2015 |title=Thunder gone under: The story of the world's longest maritime chase |url=http://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/thunder-gone-under-the-story-of-the-worlds-longest-maritime-chase/}}</ref> Daga ranar 17 ga Disamba, 2014, zuwa 6 ga Afrilu, 2015, jiragen ruwa biyu na Sea Shepherd, <nowiki><i id="mwKQ">Bob Barker</i></nowiki> da <nowiki><i id="mwKw">Age of Union</i></nowiki>, a matsayin wani ɓangare na "Operation Icefish", <ref name="Icefish">{{Cite web |title=Operation Icefish |url=http://www.seashepherdglobal.org/icefish/ |access-date=July 28, 2015 |website=seashepherdglobal.org |publisher=Sea Shepherd Conservation Society |quote=Illegal fishing operations will be documented, reported and confronted. They will be physically obstructed from deploying their illegal gillnets and unlawful fishing gear will be confiscated and destroyed.}}</ref> sun bi jirgin ruwan ''Thunder'' mai tayar da zaune tsaye na mil 10,000 daga ruwan Antarctic inda yake kamun kifi ba bisa ka'ida ba na Patagonian hakori zuwa inda aka huda ''Thunder'' a cikin ruwan São Tomé da Príncipe a Bibiyar ''Thunder'' ta ɗauki tsawon kwanaki 110, <ref name="Thunder gone under: The story of the world’s longest maritime chase" /> ta karya tarihin da ya gabata na kwanaki 21, wanda jirgin ruwan 'yan sanda na Australiya ''Southern Supporter'' ya kafa a lokacin da ta ke neman ''Viarsa 1'' a shekarar 2003. <ref name="Sea Shepherd breaks record for world's longest sea chase of a poaching vessel">{{Cite web |title=Sea Shepherd breaks record for world's longest sea chase of a poaching vessel |url=http://en.mercopress.com/2015/01/09/sea-shepherd-breaks-record-for-world-s-longest-sea-chase-of-a-poaching-vessel}}</ref> A lokacin da ta nutse, ma'aikatan jirgin sun ƙunshi 'yan Indonesia 30 da jami'ai 10 daga Spain, Chile, da Portugal, waɗanda aka miƙa su ga hukumomi a [[Sao Tome da Prinsipe|São Tomé da Príncipe]] . <ref name="Drama at Sea">{{Cite web |date=6 April 2015 |title=Drama at Sea |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/04/pirate_chilean_sea_bass_fishing_vessel_sea_shepherd_pursues_the_thunder.html}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/04/pirate_chilean_sea_bass_fishing_vessel_sea_shepherd_pursues_the_thunder.html "Drama at Sea"]. 6 April 2015.</cite></ref> Daga baya an gurfanar da jami'an ma'aikatan jirgin a gaban kuliya kuma an yanke musu hukunci kan laifukan kamun kifi da dama ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. An yanke wa kyaftin ɗin jirgin, Luis Alfonso Rubio Cataldo na Chile hukuncin shekaru uku. An yanke wa babban injiniyan jirgin, Agustín Dosil Rey na Spain hukuncin shekaru biyu da watanni tara. An yanke wa makaniki na biyu na jirgin, Luis Miguel Pérez Fernández na Spain hukuncin shekaru biyu da watanni takwas. Tare, an ci su tara sama da dala miliyan 17. [[Interpol]] ta yi imanin cewa jirgin yana cikin rundunar sojoji shida da ke aiki ta kamfanonin harsasai a ƙarƙashin Vidal Armadores, wani kamfani da ke Spain. <ref name="African Court Convicts Captain of Renegade Ship in Illegal Fishing Case" /> <ref name="The Hunt for the Last Chilean Sea Bass Poachers">{{Cite web |title=The Hunt for the Last Chilean Sea Bass Poachers |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/06/17/chilean-sea-bass-toothfish-thunder-sea-shepherd/}}</ref> == Manazarta == gl2ym3oi4qs0hearz0afrf1sjb5ni6y 0 159269 863754 2026-06-22T09:47:21Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338357754|USCGC Woodrush]]" 863754 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jirgin ruwan USCGC ''Woodrush'' (WLB-407)''' mai aiki tukuru ne wanda ke gudanar da ayyukan agaji na yau da kullun don kewayawa, bincike da ceto, da kuma ayyukan rage dusar ƙanƙara ga Jami'an Tsaron Tekun Amurka (USCG) daga 1944 zuwa 2001 daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Duluth, Minnesota da Sitka, Alaska . Ta mayar da martani daga Duluth da cikakken gudu ta cikin guguwa da babban teku zuwa wurin da jirgin ruwan SS <nowiki><i id="mwEw">Edmund Fitzgerald</i></nowiki> ya nutse a 1975. A shekarar 1980, ta shiga cikin aikin ceto wanda aka kimanta a cikin manyan ayyukan ceto 10 na USCG lokacin da ta taimaka wajen ceton fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin ruwan <nowiki><i id="mwFQ">Prinsendam</i></nowiki> bayan ya kama da wuta a matsayi na 57°38"N 140° 25"W <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ring Jr. |first=David J. |date=4 October 1980 |title=Distress Log "Williamsburgh" of SOS from ms Prinsendam |url=http://qsl.net/n1ea/sos.jpg |access-date=21 July 2016 |website=Website of David J. Ring Jr., SOS of ms Prinsendam |publisher=David J. Ring, Jr.}}</ref> sannan yayin da ake jansa ya nutse a Tsibirin Graham, British Columbia. Tana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa na farko da suka mayar da martani ga malalar mai ta <nowiki><i id="mwHA">Exxon Valdez</i></nowiki> a shekarar 1989. An kore ta daga aiki a ranar 2 ga Maris 2001 aka sayar da ita ga [[Ghana|Jamhuriyar Ghana]] don yin aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Ghana . == Gine-gine da ƙira == [[Zenith Dredge Company|Kamfanin Zenith Dredge]] ne ya gina ''Woodrush'' a Duluth, Minnesota, a matsayin ginin da {{Convert|180|ft}}, ''Iris'' ko C-Class mai laushi. An shimfida keel ɗinta a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1944, kuma an ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 1944. Kamar tayin ajin "A" da "B" a tsayin {{Convert|180|ft}}ajin , ƙirarta ta dogara ne akan na USCGC Juniper (WLM 224) . Kamar ''Juniper'', an gina ''Woodrush'' da ƙarfe mai walda amma ya sami ci gaba da yawa fiye da ƙirar da aka yi a baya. Ƙashin jikinta yana da ƙafafu masu tsayi, bel ɗin kankara a kan layin ruwa, da kuma baka mai ƙarfi don ƙarfin karya kankara. An faɗaɗa babban gininta zuwa ga ɓangarorin jirgin don ƙara girman ciki a saman babban bene. Layukanta masu kyau a cikin baka da kuma babban jirgin ruwa an ƙera su ne don ƙara ƙarfin teku. Wannan ƙirar mai amfani ta ba wa jirgin damar yin aiki a matsayin wurin bincike da ceto ko kuma dandamalin jiragen ruwa. Injinan dizal guda biyu suna amfani da injin lantarki wanda ke juya propeller guda ɗaya. A matsayin injin C-Class, ''Woodrush'' yana ɗaukar mai fiye da injinan "A" da "B". Ba kamar injinan "A' class tenders ba, waɗanda aka gina su da crane na jirgin A-frame don ɗaga buoys da makamantansu, injinan "B" da "C" class tenders kamar ''Woodrush'' sun yi amfani da stout cargo boom wanda aka sarrafa ta hanyar "power vangs" na igiyar waya wanda ke gudana daga fikafikan gadar na babban ginin har zuwa ƙarshen buom ɗin. <ref name="Woodrush 1944">{{Cite web |last=Ashmore |first=Melissa M. |title=USCG Woodrush, 1944 |url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Woodrush1944.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209175414/https://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Woodrush1944.pdf |archive-date=2017-02-09 |access-date=2010-12-16 |publisher=U.S. Coast Guard Historian’s Office}}</ref> == Tarihi == ''Woodrush'' ta yi ayyuka da ayyuka da yawa a gundumar Duluth, Minnesota har zuwa 31 ga Yuli 1978. <ref name="Woodrush 1944">{{Cite web |last=Ashmore |first=Melissa M. |title=USCG Woodrush, 1944 |url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Woodrush1944.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209175414/https://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Woodrush1944.pdf |archive-date=2017-02-09 |access-date=2010-12-16 |publisher=U.S. Coast Guard Historian’s Office}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAshmore">Ashmore, Melissa M. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170209175414/https://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Woodrush1944.pdf "USCG Woodrush, 1944"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. Coast Guard Historian’s Office. Archived from [http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Woodrush1944.pdf the original] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 9 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite></ref> Ta kasance cikin rundunar jiragen ruwa masu samar da jiragen ruwa masu ƙarfi waɗanda suka sa layukan jiragen ruwa a buɗe a kan Manyan Tafkuna tsawon wata guda a lokacin hunturu da watanni da suka gabata a lokacin bazara. An ɗauki wannan a matsayin mabuɗin tattalin arzikin yankin Manyan Tafkuna. Wani tsohon kwamandan ''Woodrush'' ya ba da rahoton cewa ya dakatar da ita sau da yawa a lokacin da take kula da jiragen ruwa saboda ta haka ne kawai za a iya saita wasu jiragen ruwa. <ref name="180-foot Buoy Tenders">{{Cite web |date=2007-12-28 |title=USCG's 180-foot Seagoing Buoy Tender |url=http://usmilnet.com/smf/index.php?topic=11670.0 |access-date=2010-12-17 |publisher=USMILNET}}</ref> ''Woodrush'' ta gudanar da ayyukan ceto da dama a tsawon lokacin da ta shafe tana aiki a rundunar tsaron gabar tekun Amurka. Ta ceci masu aikin hasken wuta guda uku a farkon shekarun 1960 wadanda suka makale na tsawon kwanaki uku bayan fashewar wani abu a filin jirgin saman Stannard Rock Light da ke Lake Superior . A matsayinta na ɗaya daga cikin jiragen yaƙin da ake amfani da su wajen yaƙar jirgin ruwan Amurka mai suna US Coast Guard da zai iya kai hari ga nutsewar jirgin ''Fitzgerald'' a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1975, an ba ''Woodrush'' odarsa daga Duluth da "cikakken gudu" ta cikin "iska mai ƙarfi da kuma teku mai ƙarfi" kuma ta isa wurin cikin awanni 24. <ref name="StonehouseBook">Stonehouse, Frederick (2006, 7th Ed.). "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald", pp. 46–48, Avery Color Studios, Inc., Gwinn, Michigan. {{ISBN|1-892384-33-7}}</ref> Ta yi ta zagaye yankin tare da ''SS William Clay Ford'' da ''SS Arthur M. Anderson'' har sai da gari ya waye, lokacin da aka gano tarkace da mai. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, ''Woodrush'' ya yi aiki a matsayin jirgin ruwa mai tallafi ga jirgin ruwan Amurka mai suna ROV, CURV, wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen duba jirgin ruwan ''Fitzgerald'' . <ref name="Gales">Hemming, Robert (1981). "The Gales of November: The Sinking of the Edmund Fitzgerald", pp. 195–204. Thunder Bay Press, US. {{ISBN|1-882376-33-1}}</ref> Bayan 'yan shekaru, an kira ''Woodrush'' don ya taimaka wajen karya kankara ga wasu jiragen ruwa kusa da Soo Locks . Daga ƙarshe ''Woodrush'' ya makale a cikin kankara, kuma kankara ta yi ta shawagi da shi har sai da ya sami damar 'yanci, yana wucewa ta wurin da jirgin ''Fitzgerald'' ya faɗi. == Manazarta == 6qrerkmn5xte2lnch42idni8udys9j0 863760 863754 2026-06-22T09:51:14Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338357754|USCGC Woodrush]]" 863760 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jirgin ruwan USCGC ''Woodrush'' (WLB-407)''' mai aiki tukuru ne wanda ke gudanar da ayyukan agaji na yau da kullun don kewayawa, bincike da ceto, da kuma ayyukan rage dusar ƙanƙara ga Jami'an Tsaron Tekun Amurka (USCG) daga 1944 zuwa 2001 daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Duluth, Minnesota da Sitka, Alaska . Ta mayar da martani daga Duluth da cikakken gudu ta cikin guguwa da babban teku zuwa wurin da jirgin ruwan SS <nowiki><i id="mwEw">Edmund Fitzgerald</i></nowiki> ya nutse a 1975. A shekarar 1980, ta shiga cikin aikin ceto wanda aka kimanta a cikin manyan ayyukan ceto 10 na USCG lokacin da ta taimaka wajen ceton fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin ruwan <nowiki><i id="mwFQ">Prinsendam</i></nowiki> bayan ya kama da wuta a matsayi na 57°38"N 140° 25"W <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ring Jr. |first=David J. |date=4 October 1980 |title=Distress Log "Williamsburgh" of SOS from ms Prinsendam |url=http://qsl.net/n1ea/sos.jpg |access-date=21 July 2016 |website=Website of David J. Ring Jr., SOS of ms Prinsendam |publisher=David J. Ring, Jr.}}</ref> sannan yayin da ake jansa ya nutse a Tsibirin Graham, British Columbia. Tana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa na farko da suka mayar da martani ga malalar mai ta <nowiki><i id="mwHA">Exxon Valdez</i></nowiki> a shekarar 1989. An kore ta daga aiki a ranar 2 ga Maris 2001 aka sayar da ita ga [[Ghana|Jamhuriyar Ghana]] don yin aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Ghana . == Gine-gine da ƙira == [[Zenith Dredge Company|Kamfanin Zenith Dredge]] ne ya gina ''Woodrush'' a Duluth, Minnesota, a matsayin ginin da {{Convert|180|ft}}, ''Iris'' ko C-Class mai laushi. An shimfida keel ɗinta a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1944, kuma an ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 1944. Kamar tayin ajin "A" da "B" a tsayin {{Convert|180|ft}}ajin , ƙirarta ta dogara ne akan na USCGC Juniper (WLM 224) . Kamar ''Juniper'', an gina ''Woodrush'' da ƙarfe mai walda amma ya sami ci gaba da yawa fiye da ƙirar da aka yi a baya. Ƙashin jikinta yana da ƙafafu masu tsayi, bel ɗin kankara a kan layin ruwa, da kuma baka mai ƙarfi don ƙarfin karya kankara. An faɗaɗa babban gininta zuwa ga ɓangarorin jirgin don ƙara girman ciki a saman babban bene. Layukanta masu kyau a cikin baka da kuma babban jirgin ruwa an ƙera su ne don ƙara ƙarfin teku. Wannan ƙirar mai amfani ta ba wa jirgin damar yin aiki a matsayin wurin bincike da ceto ko kuma dandamalin jiragen ruwa. Injinan dizal guda biyu suna amfani da injin lantarki wanda ke juya propeller guda ɗaya. A matsayin injin C-Class, ''Woodrush'' yana ɗaukar mai fiye da injinan "A" da "B". Ba kamar injinan "A' class tenders ba, waɗanda aka gina su da crane na jirgin A-frame don ɗaga buoys da makamantansu, injinan "B" da "C" class tenders kamar ''Woodrush'' sun yi amfani da stout cargo boom wanda aka sarrafa ta hanyar "power vangs" na igiyar waya wanda ke gudana daga fikafikan gadar na babban ginin har zuwa ƙarshen buom ɗin. <ref name="Woodrush 1944">{{Cite web |last=Ashmore |first=Melissa M. |title=USCG Woodrush, 1944 |url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Woodrush1944.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209175414/https://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Woodrush1944.pdf |archive-date=2017-02-09 |access-date=2010-12-16 |publisher=U.S. Coast Guard Historian’s Office}}</ref> == Tarihi == ''Woodrush'' ta yi ayyuka da ayyuka da yawa a gundumar Duluth, Minnesota har zuwa 31 ga Yuli 1978. <ref name="Woodrush 1944" /> Ta kasance cikin rundunar jiragen ruwa masu samar da jiragen ruwa masu ƙarfi waɗanda suka sa layukan jiragen ruwa a buɗe a kan Manyan Tafkuna tsawon wata guda a lokacin hunturu da watanni da suka gabata a lokacin bazara. An ɗauki wannan a matsayin mabuɗin tattalin arzikin yankin Manyan Tafkuna. Wani tsohon kwamandan ''Woodrush'' ya ba da rahoton cewa ya dakatar da ita sau da yawa a lokacin da take kula da jiragen ruwa saboda ta haka ne kawai za a iya saita wasu jiragen ruwa. <ref name="180-foot Buoy Tenders">{{Cite web |date=2007-12-28 |title=USCG's 180-foot Seagoing Buoy Tender |url=http://usmilnet.com/smf/index.php?topic=11670.0 |access-date=2010-12-17 |publisher=USMILNET}}</ref> ''Woodrush'' ta gudanar da ayyukan ceto da dama a tsawon lokacin da ta shafe tana aiki a rundunar tsaron gabar tekun Amurka. Ta ceci masu aikin hasken wuta guda uku a farkon shekarun 1960 wadanda suka makale na tsawon kwanaki uku bayan fashewar wani abu a filin jirgin saman Stannard Rock Light da ke Lake Superior . A matsayinta na ɗaya daga cikin jiragen yaƙin da ake amfani da su wajen yaƙar jirgin ruwan Amurka mai suna US Coast Guard da zai iya kai hari ga nutsewar jirgin ''Fitzgerald'' a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1975, an ba ''Woodrush'' odarsa daga Duluth da "cikakken gudu" ta cikin "iska mai ƙarfi da kuma teku mai ƙarfi" kuma ta isa wurin cikin awanni 24. <ref name="StonehouseBook">Stonehouse, Frederick (2006, 7th Ed.). "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald", pp. 46–48, Avery Color Studios, Inc., Gwinn, Michigan. {{ISBN|1-892384-33-7}}</ref> Ta yi ta zagaye yankin tare da ''SS William Clay Ford'' da ''SS Arthur M. Anderson'' har sai da gari ya waye, lokacin da aka gano tarkace da mai. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, ''Woodrush'' ya yi aiki a matsayin jirgin ruwa mai tallafi ga jirgin ruwan Amurka mai suna ROV, CURV, wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen duba jirgin ruwan ''Fitzgerald'' . <ref name="Gales">Hemming, Robert (1981). "The Gales of November: The Sinking of the Edmund Fitzgerald", pp. 195–204. Thunder Bay Press, US. {{ISBN|1-882376-33-1}}</ref> Bayan 'yan shekaru, an kira ''Woodrush'' don ya taimaka wajen karya kankara ga wasu jiragen ruwa kusa da Soo Locks . Daga ƙarshe ''Woodrush'' ya makale a cikin kankara, kuma kankara ta yi ta shawagi da shi har sai da ya sami damar 'yanci, yana wucewa ta wurin da jirgin ''Fitzgerald'' ya faɗi. == Manazarta == 3qsf4j6mdn29ukfu3hevpuoj4bs28rh 863761 863760 2026-06-22T09:51:37Z Engineer014 44591 863761 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jirgin ruwan USCGC ''Woodrush'' (WLB-407)''' mai aiki tukuru ne wanda ke gudanar da ayyukan agaji na yau da kullun don kewayawa, bincike da ceto, da kuma ayyukan rage dusar ƙanƙara ga Jami'an Tsaron Tekun Amurka (USCG) daga 1944 zuwa 2001 daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Duluth, Minnesota da Sitka, Alaska . Ta mayar da martani daga Duluth da cikakken gudu ta cikin guguwa da babban teku zuwa wurin da jirgin ruwan SS <nowiki><i id="mwEw">Edmund Fitzgerald</i></nowiki> ya nutse a 1975. A shekarar 1980, ta shiga cikin aikin ceto wanda aka kimanta a cikin manyan ayyukan ceto 10 na USCG lokacin da ta taimaka wajen ceton fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin ruwan <nowiki><i id="mwFQ">Prinsendam</i></nowiki> bayan ya kama da wuta a matsayi na 57°38"N 140° 25"W <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ring Jr. |first=David J. |date=4 October 1980 |title=Distress Log "Williamsburgh" of SOS from ms Prinsendam |url=http://qsl.net/n1ea/sos.jpg |access-date=21 July 2016 |website=Website of David J. Ring Jr., SOS of ms Prinsendam |publisher=David J. Ring, Jr.}}</ref> sannan yayin da ake jansa ya nutse a Tsibirin Graham, British Columbia. Tana ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwa na farko da suka mayar da martani ga malalar mai ta <nowiki><i id="mwHA">Exxon Valdez</i></nowiki> a shekarar 1989. An kore ta daga aiki a ranar 2 ga Maris 2001 aka sayar da ita ga [[Ghana|Jamhuriyar Ghana]] don yin aiki a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Ghana . == Gine-gine da ƙira == [[Zenith Dredge Company|Kamfanin Zenith Dredge]] ne ya gina ''Woodrush'' a Duluth, Minnesota, a matsayin ginin da {{Convert|180|ft}}, ''Iris'' ko C-Class mai laushi. An shimfida keel ɗinta a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 1944, kuma an ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 1944. Kamar tayin ajin "A" da "B" a tsayin {{Convert|180|ft}}ajin , ƙirarta ta dogara ne akan na USCGC Juniper (WLM 224) . Kamar ''Juniper'', an gina ''Woodrush'' da ƙarfe mai walda amma ya sami ci gaba da yawa fiye da ƙirar da aka yi a baya. Ƙashin jikinta yana da ƙafafu masu tsayi, bel ɗin kankara a kan layin ruwa, da kuma baka mai ƙarfi don ƙarfin karya kankara. An faɗaɗa babban gininta zuwa ga ɓangarorin jirgin don ƙara girman ciki a saman babban bene. Layukanta masu kyau a cikin baka da kuma babban jirgin ruwa an ƙera su ne don ƙara ƙarfin teku. Wannan ƙirar mai amfani ta ba wa jirgin damar yin aiki a matsayin wurin bincike da ceto ko kuma dandamalin jiragen ruwa. Injinan dizal guda biyu suna amfani da injin lantarki wanda ke juya propeller guda ɗaya. A matsayin injin C-Class, ''Woodrush'' yana ɗaukar mai fiye da injinan "A" da "B". Ba kamar injinan "A' class tenders ba, waɗanda aka gina su da crane na jirgin A-frame don ɗaga buoys da makamantansu, injinan "B" da "C" class tenders kamar ''Woodrush'' sun yi amfani da stout cargo boom wanda aka sarrafa ta hanyar "power vangs" na igiyar waya wanda ke gudana daga fikafikan gadar na babban ginin har zuwa ƙarshen buom ɗin. <ref name="Woodrush 1944">{{Cite web |last=Ashmore |first=Melissa M. |title=USCG Woodrush, 1944 |url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Woodrush1944.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209175414/https://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Woodrush1944.pdf |archive-date=2017-02-09 |access-date=2010-12-16 |publisher=U.S. Coast Guard Historian’s Office}}</ref> == Tarihi == ''Woodrush'' ta yi ayyuka da ayyuka da yawa a gundumar Duluth, Minnesota har zuwa 31 ga Yuli 1978. <ref name="Woodrush 1944" /> Ta kasance cikin rundunar jiragen ruwa masu samar da jiragen ruwa masu ƙarfi waɗanda suka sa layukan jiragen ruwa a buɗe a kan Manyan Tafkuna tsawon wata guda a lokacin hunturu da watanni da suka gabata a lokacin bazara. An ɗauki wannan a matsayin mabuɗin tattalin arzikin yankin Manyan Tafkuna. Wani tsohon kwamandan ''Woodrush'' ya ba da rahoton cewa ya dakatar da ita sau da yawa a lokacin da take kula da jiragen ruwa saboda ta haka ne kawai za a iya saita wasu jiragen ruwa. <ref name="180-foot Buoy Tenders">{{Cite web |date=2007-12-28 |title=USCG's 180-foot Seagoing Buoy Tender |url=http://usmilnet.com/smf/index.php?topic=11670.0 |access-date=2010-12-17 |publisher=USMILNET}}</ref> ''Woodrush'' ta gudanar da ayyukan ceto da dama a tsawon lokacin da ta shafe tana aiki a rundunar tsaron gabar tekun Amurka. Ta ceci masu aikin hasken wuta guda uku a farkon shekarun 1960 wadanda suka makale na tsawon kwanaki uku bayan fashewar wani abu a filin jirgin saman Stannard Rock Light da ke Lake Superior . A matsayinta na ɗaya daga cikin jiragen yaƙin da ake amfani da su wajen yaƙar jirgin ruwan Amurka mai suna US Coast Guard da zai iya kai hari ga nutsewar jirgin ''Fitzgerald'' a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 1975, an ba ''Woodrush'' odarsa daga Duluth da "cikakken gudu" ta cikin "iska mai ƙarfi da kuma teku mai ƙarfi" kuma ta isa wurin cikin awanni 24. <ref name="StonehouseBook">Stonehouse, Frederick (2006, 7th Ed.). "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald", pp. 46–48, Avery Color Studios, Inc., Gwinn, Michigan. {{ISBN|1-892384-33-7}}</ref> Ta yi ta zagaye yankin tare da ''SS William Clay Ford'' da ''SS Arthur M. Anderson'' har sai da gari ya waye, lokacin da aka gano tarkace da mai. A lokacin bazara mai zuwa, ''Woodrush'' ya yi aiki a matsayin jirgin ruwa mai tallafi ga jirgin ruwan Amurka mai suna ROV, CURV, wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen duba jirgin ruwan ''Fitzgerald'' . <ref name="Gales">Hemming, Robert (1981). "The Gales of November: The Sinking of the Edmund Fitzgerald", pp. 195–204. Thunder Bay Press, US. {{ISBN|1-882376-33-1}}</ref> Bayan 'yan shekaru, an kira ''Woodrush'' don ya taimaka wajen karya kankara ga wasu jiragen ruwa kusa da Soo Locks . Daga ƙarshe ''Woodrush'' ya makale a cikin kankara, kuma kankara ta yi ta shawagi da shi har sai da ya sami damar 'yanci, yana wucewa ta wurin da jirgin ''Fitzgerald'' ya faɗi. == Manazarta == 8hd1zd0325c41xikb2qmwz6fp32rk9v 0 159270 863758 2026-06-22T09:49:14Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1341922291|GNS Stephen Otu]]" 863758 wikitext text/x-wiki '''GNS ''Stephen Otu''''' jirgin ruwa ne {{Sclass2|Chamsuri|patrol boat|0}} wanda ke aiki tare da Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Ghana . Koriya Tacoma ce ta fara gina jirgin ruwan don Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Koriya ta Kudu (ROKN) a matsayin '''ROKS ''PKM 237.''''' A shekarar 2011, an mayar da ''PKM 237'' zuwa Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Ghana kuma aka sake masa suna ''Stephen Otu'' a matsayin gudummawa. Babban manufofin jirgin sun hada da wayar da kan jama'a game da yankin teku, tilasta bin doka, duba jiragen ruwa, haɓaka jiragen ruwa, bincike da ceto, da kuma kula da ƙananan jiragen ruwa. An tsara jiragen ruwan ne don hana ayyukan da ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a cikin ruwan Ghana, ciki har da fashin [[Fashi a Teku|teku]], kamun kifi ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi, da kuma satar mai . == Zane da bayanin == Chamsuri-class An ƙera a shekarun 1970 a matsayin tushen tsaron gabar tekun Koriya ta Kudu daga kutsen ruwa na Koriya ta Arewa. {{Sfn|Saunders|2009}} Jiragen ruwan sun kai {{Convert|33.10|m|ftin}} tsayi gabaɗaya kuma {{Cvt|31.25|m|ftin}} a layin ruwa tare da katako na {{Cvt|6.92|m|ftin}} da daftarin {{Cvt|1.75|m|ftin}} da kuma {{Cvt|2.45|m|ftin}} a cikin propellers . Chamsuris suna da sauƙin juyawa na {{Convert|113|t|LT}} da kuma {{Cvt|156|t|LT}} da cikakken kaya . Jiragen ruwan suna da ƙarin 31, ciki har da jami'ai 5. {{Sfn|Wertheim|2013}} Jiragen ruwan sintiri suna amfani da injunan dizal MTU 16V MD538 TU90 guda biyu masu juyawa da propellers guda biyu, suna samar da {{Convert|10800|bhp}} ko {{Cvt|9000|bhp}} mai dorewa. Jiragen ruwan suna da na'urorin janareta na dizal guda biyu masu ƙarfin kW 50 don samar da wutar lantarki. {{Sfn|Wertheim|2013}} An ƙera Chamsuris don matsakaicin gudu na {{Convert|38|kn}} amma yana iya jure gudun {{Convert|32|kn}} . {{Sfn|Prézelin|1990}} Jiragen ruwan suna da nisan {{Convert|500|nmi}} na ruwa a kulli 32 ko {{Cvt|1000|nmi}} a {{Convert|20|kn}} ruwan yana ɗauke da {{Convert|15|t}} . {{Sfn|Wertheim|2013}} A cikin aikin Koriya, jirgin yana dauke da makami mai nisan {{Convert|40|mm}} bindiga, biyu na {{Cvt|30|mm}} Bindigogi masu hana jiragen sama na Emerlac (AA) da ke cikin wani wuri guda, guda biyu masu hawa guda {{Cvt|20|mm}} Bindigogi na AA da bindigogi biyu masu hawa guda {{Cvt|12.7|mm}} bindigogin inji. {{Sfn|Prézelin|1990}} Jirgin ruwan yana da [[Radar|na'urar radar]] bincike ta Raytheon 1645. {{Sfn|Wertheim|2013}} == Gine-gine da aiki == Kamfanin Korea Tacoma Marine Industries ne ya gina jirgin a [[Chinghae]] a shekarar 1982. Da ya fara aiki a wannan shekarar a matsayin ''PKM 237'', jirgin ya ci gaba da aiki har zuwa 2008. A shekarar 2010, Koriya ta Kudu ta shiga tattaunawa da Ghana kan bayar da gudummawar jirgin ga kasar Afirka. ''Jirgin PKM 237'' ya isa [[Tema]], Ghana a ranar 9 ga Disamba, 2010. {{Sfn|Afrique-défense}} A ranar 21 ga Janairu, 2011, aka mayar da jirgin zuwa Ghana a hukumance, {{Sfn|Wertheim|2013}} aka sake masa suna ''Stephen Otu'' aka kuma ba shi aiki a rundunar sojin ruwan Ghana a [[Sekondi Naval Base|sansanin sojin ruwan Sekondi]] . Sunan jirgin shine marigayi Manjo Janar Stephen Otu, babban hafsan tsaron Ghana na farko. {{Sfn|Afrique-défense}} A cikin aikin Ghana, aikin ''Stephen Otu'' ya hada da wayar da kan jama'a kan harkokin teku, tabbatar da doka, duba jiragen ruwa, bunkasa jiragen ruwa, bincike da ceto, da kuma kula da kananan jiragen ruwa. An tsara jiragen ruwan ne don hana ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba a cikin ruwan Ghana, wadanda suka hada da [[Fashi a Teku|fashin teku, kamun kifi]] ba bisa ka'ida ba, kamun kifi ba bisa ka'ida ba da kuma safarar miyagun kwayoyi, da kuma boye mai . {{Sfn|Ghana Navy}} == Manazarta == dloxk53m7hon5ga7kugbmejw1i9a3h2 863759 863758 2026-06-22T09:49:36Z Engineer014 44591 863759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''GNS ''Stephen Otu''''' jirgin ruwa ne {{Sclass2|Chamsuri|patrol boat|0}} wanda ke aiki tare da Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Ghana . Koriya Tacoma ce ta fara gina jirgin ruwan don Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Koriya ta Kudu (ROKN) a matsayin '''ROKS ''PKM 237.''''' A shekarar 2011, an mayar da ''PKM 237'' zuwa Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Ghana kuma aka sake masa suna ''Stephen Otu'' a matsayin gudummawa. Babban manufofin jirgin sun hada da wayar da kan jama'a game da yankin teku, tilasta bin doka, duba jiragen ruwa, haɓaka jiragen ruwa, bincike da ceto, da kuma kula da ƙananan jiragen ruwa. An tsara jiragen ruwan ne don hana ayyukan da ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a cikin ruwan Ghana, ciki har da fashin [[Fashi a Teku|teku]], kamun kifi ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi, da kuma satar mai . == Zane da bayanin == Chamsuri-class An ƙera a shekarun 1970 a matsayin tushen tsaron gabar tekun Koriya ta Kudu daga kutsen ruwa na Koriya ta Arewa. {{Sfn|Saunders|2009}} Jiragen ruwan sun kai {{Convert|33.10|m|ftin}} tsayi gabaɗaya kuma {{Cvt|31.25|m|ftin}} a layin ruwa tare da katako na {{Cvt|6.92|m|ftin}} da daftarin {{Cvt|1.75|m|ftin}} da kuma {{Cvt|2.45|m|ftin}} a cikin propellers . Chamsuris suna da sauƙin juyawa na {{Convert|113|t|LT}} da kuma {{Cvt|156|t|LT}} da cikakken kaya . Jiragen ruwan suna da ƙarin 31, ciki har da jami'ai 5. {{Sfn|Wertheim|2013}} Jiragen ruwan sintiri suna amfani da injunan dizal MTU 16V MD538 TU90 guda biyu masu juyawa da propellers guda biyu, suna samar da {{Convert|10800|bhp}} ko {{Cvt|9000|bhp}} mai dorewa. Jiragen ruwan suna da na'urorin janareta na dizal guda biyu masu ƙarfin kW 50 don samar da wutar lantarki. {{Sfn|Wertheim|2013}} An ƙera Chamsuris don matsakaicin gudu na {{Convert|38|kn}} amma yana iya jure gudun {{Convert|32|kn}} . {{Sfn|Prézelin|1990}} Jiragen ruwan suna da nisan {{Convert|500|nmi}} na ruwa a kulli 32 ko {{Cvt|1000|nmi}} a {{Convert|20|kn}} ruwan yana ɗauke da {{Convert|15|t}} . {{Sfn|Wertheim|2013}} A cikin aikin Koriya, jirgin yana dauke da makami mai nisan {{Convert|40|mm}} bindiga, biyu na {{Cvt|30|mm}} Bindigogi masu hana jiragen sama na Emerlac (AA) da ke cikin wani wuri guda, guda biyu masu hawa guda {{Cvt|20|mm}} Bindigogi na AA da bindigogi biyu masu hawa guda {{Cvt|12.7|mm}} bindigogin inji. {{Sfn|Prézelin|1990}} Jirgin ruwan yana da [[Radar|na'urar radar]] bincike ta Raytheon 1645. {{Sfn|Wertheim|2013}} == Gine-gine da aiki == Kamfanin Korea Tacoma Marine Industries ne ya gina jirgin a [[Chinghae]] a shekarar 1982. Da ya fara aiki a wannan shekarar a matsayin ''PKM 237'', jirgin ya ci gaba da aiki har zuwa 2008. A shekarar 2010, Koriya ta Kudu ta shiga tattaunawa da Ghana kan bayar da gudummawar jirgin ga kasar Afirka. ''Jirgin PKM 237'' ya isa [[Tema]], Ghana a ranar 9 ga Disamba, 2010. {{Sfn|Afrique-défense}} A ranar 21 ga Janairu, 2011, aka mayar da jirgin zuwa Ghana a hukumance, {{Sfn|Wertheim|2013}} aka sake masa suna ''Stephen Otu'' aka kuma ba shi aiki a rundunar sojin ruwan Ghana a [[Sekondi Naval Base|sansanin sojin ruwan Sekondi]] . Sunan jirgin shine marigayi Manjo Janar Stephen Otu, babban hafsan tsaron Ghana na farko. {{Sfn|Afrique-défense}} A cikin aikin Ghana, aikin ''Stephen Otu'' ya hada da wayar da kan jama'a kan harkokin teku, tabbatar da doka, duba jiragen ruwa, bunkasa jiragen ruwa, bincike da ceto, da kuma kula da kananan jiragen ruwa. An tsara jiragen ruwan ne don hana ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba a cikin ruwan Ghana, wadanda suka hada da [[Fashi a Teku|fashin teku, kamun kifi]] ba bisa ka'ida ba, kamun kifi ba bisa ka'ida ba da kuma safarar miyagun kwayoyi, da kuma boye mai . {{Sfn|Ghana Navy}} == Manazarta == 04gc57tay7dk8pfdz05kjmrrwyx56uj 0 159271 863762 2026-06-22T09:53:19Z Engineer014 44591 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1327870917|USCGC Sweetbrier]]" 863762 wikitext text/x-wiki Jirgin '''ruwan USCGC ''Sweetbrier'' (WAGL-405/WLB-405)''' jirgin ruwan dakon kaya ne mai tsawon ƙafa 180 na Iris wanda Jami'an Tsaron Tekun Amurka ke gudanarwa. Ta yi aiki a Pacific a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . Duk aikinta na bayan yaƙi tare da Jami'an Tsaron Tekun ya yi a [[Alaska]] . Bayan an kore ta daga aiki a 2001, an mayar da ita zuwa Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Ghana aka sake mata suna ''Bonsu'' . Har yanzu tana aiki. == Gine-gine da halaye == An gina ''Sweetbrier'' a Kamfanin Gina Jirgin Ruwa na Marine Iron da Shipbuilding Company da ke Duluth, Minnesota . An shimfida keel ɗinta a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 1943, an ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 30 ga Disamba, 1943, kuma an ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 26 ga Yuli, 1944. Kudinta na asali shine $865,531. An gina harsashinta ne da faranti na ƙarfe da aka haɗa da katakon ƙarfe na I. Kamar yadda aka gina shi da farko, ''Sweetbrier'' yana da {{Convert|180|ft|m}} tsayi, tare da katako mai tsawon {{Convert|37|ft|m}}, da kuma daftarin {{Convert|12|ft|m}} . Matsuguninta ya kai tan 935. Duk da cewa girmanta ya kasance iri ɗaya a tsawon aikinta, ƙarin sabbin kayan aiki ya ɗaga gudun hijirarta zuwa tan 1,025 a ƙarshen aikinta na Guard Coast. An ƙera ta ne don ta yi aiki mai sauƙi wajen karya ƙanƙara. An ƙarfafa jikinta da "bel ɗin ƙanƙara" mai kauri da aka yi da ƙarfe mai kauri a kewaye da layin ruwanta don kare shi daga hudawa. Hakazalika, an ƙarfafa bakanta kuma an tsara ta don ta hau kan ƙanƙara domin ta murƙushe ta da nauyin jirgin. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> ''Sweetbrier'' yana da injin propeller guda ɗaya mai ruwan wukake 5 {{Convert|8.5|ft|m}} a diamita. Tsarin turawa na dizal da wutar lantarki ne ke tuƙa shi. Injinan dizal guda biyu na Cooper-Bessemer GND-8 masu zagaye huɗu masu silinda 8 sun samar da ƙarfin dawaki 600 kowanne. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 1985 |title=Recommended Revisions to Gaseous Emission Factors From Several Classes of Off-Highway Mobile Services |url=https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/94002O4A.txt?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&Client=EPA&Index=1981%20Thru%201985&Docs=&Query=(GND)%20OR%20FNAME=%2294002O4A.txt%22%20AND%20FNAME=%2294002O4A.txt%22&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMethod=1&TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntry=&QField=&QFieldYear=&QFieldMonth=&QFieldDay=&UseQField=&IntQFieldOp=0&ExtQFieldOp=0&XmlQuery=&File=D:%5CZYFILES%5CINDEX%20DATA%5C81THRU85%5CTXT%5C00000029%5C94002O4A.txt&User=ANONYMOUS&Password=anonymous&SortMethod=h%7C-&MaximumDocuments=1&FuzzyDegree=0&ImageQuality=r75g8/r75g8/x150y150g16/i425&Display=hpfr&DefSeekPage=x&SearchBack=ZyActionL&Back=ZyActionS&BackDesc=Results%20page&MaximumPages=1&ZyEntry=2&SeekPage=f |access-date=2020-05-18 |website=nepis.epa.gov |page=45 |language=en}}</ref> Sun samar da wutar lantarki ga janareta biyu na Westinghouse . Wutar lantarki daga janareta tana aiki da injin lantarki wanda ke juya propeller. Tana da wani jirgin sama mai ɗaukar kaya guda ɗaya wanda ke da ikon ɗaga tan 20 a kan jirgin ruwanta mai ɗaukar kaya. Tankunan mai na jirgin suna da ƙarfin kimanin {{Convert|28875|USgal|L}} ''.'' Tashar jiragen ruwa ''ta Sweetbrier'' da ba a sake mai ba ta kai {{Convert|8000|nmi|km}} a knots 13, {{Convert|12000|nmi|km}} a kan kulli 12, da kuma {{Convert|17000|nmi|km}} a ma'aunin 8.3. Tankunan ruwanta na sha suna da ƙarfin {{Convert|30,499|USgal|L}} . Idan aka yi la'akari da ƙarfin ajiyar ruwa da sauran dalilai, juriyarta a cikin teku ta kasance kwana 21. Masu taimaka mata a lokacin yaƙi sun kai jami'ai 6 da kuma ma'aikatan soja 74. A shekarar 1964, an rage wannan zuwa jami'ai 5, jami'an tsaro 2, da kuma ma'aikatan soja 47. == Manazarta == mrjoar0urjr47yu4da8rdfm4ctpue58 863763 863762 2026-06-22T09:53:50Z Engineer014 44591 863763 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Jirgin '''ruwan USCGC ''Sweetbrier'' (WAGL-405/WLB-405)''' jirgin ruwan dakon kaya ne mai tsawon ƙafa 180 na Iris wanda Jami'an Tsaron Tekun Amurka ke gudanarwa. Ta yi aiki a Pacific a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . Duk aikinta na bayan yaƙi tare da Jami'an Tsaron Tekun ya yi a [[Alaska]] . Bayan an kore ta daga aiki a 2001, an mayar da ita zuwa Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Ghana aka sake mata suna ''Bonsu'' . Har yanzu tana aiki. == Gine-gine da halaye == An gina ''Sweetbrier'' a Kamfanin Gina Jirgin Ruwa na Marine Iron da Shipbuilding Company da ke Duluth, Minnesota . An shimfida keel ɗinta a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 1943, an ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 30 ga Disamba, 1943, kuma an ƙaddamar da ita a ranar 26 ga Yuli, 1944. Kudinta na asali shine $865,531. An gina harsashinta ne da faranti na ƙarfe da aka haɗa da katakon ƙarfe na I. Kamar yadda aka gina shi da farko, ''Sweetbrier'' yana da {{Convert|180|ft|m}} tsayi, tare da katako mai tsawon {{Convert|37|ft|m}}, da kuma daftarin {{Convert|12|ft|m}} . Matsuguninta ya kai tan 935. Duk da cewa girmanta ya kasance iri ɗaya a tsawon aikinta, ƙarin sabbin kayan aiki ya ɗaga gudun hijirarta zuwa tan 1,025 a ƙarshen aikinta na Guard Coast. An ƙera ta ne don ta yi aiki mai sauƙi wajen karya ƙanƙara. An ƙarfafa jikinta da "bel ɗin ƙanƙara" mai kauri da aka yi da ƙarfe mai kauri a kewaye da layin ruwanta don kare shi daga hudawa. Hakazalika, an ƙarfafa bakanta kuma an tsara ta don ta hau kan ƙanƙara domin ta murƙushe ta da nauyin jirgin. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> ''Sweetbrier'' yana da injin propeller guda ɗaya mai ruwan wukake 5 {{Convert|8.5|ft|m}} a diamita. Tsarin turawa na dizal da wutar lantarki ne ke tuƙa shi. Injinan dizal guda biyu na Cooper-Bessemer GND-8 masu zagaye huɗu masu silinda 8 sun samar da ƙarfin dawaki 600 kowanne. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 1985 |title=Recommended Revisions to Gaseous Emission Factors From Several Classes of Off-Highway Mobile Services |url=https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/94002O4A.txt?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&Client=EPA&Index=1981%20Thru%201985&Docs=&Query=(GND)%20OR%20FNAME=%2294002O4A.txt%22%20AND%20FNAME=%2294002O4A.txt%22&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMethod=1&TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntry=&QField=&QFieldYear=&QFieldMonth=&QFieldDay=&UseQField=&IntQFieldOp=0&ExtQFieldOp=0&XmlQuery=&File=D:%5CZYFILES%5CINDEX%20DATA%5C81THRU85%5CTXT%5C00000029%5C94002O4A.txt&User=ANONYMOUS&Password=anonymous&SortMethod=h%7C-&MaximumDocuments=1&FuzzyDegree=0&ImageQuality=r75g8/r75g8/x150y150g16/i425&Display=hpfr&DefSeekPage=x&SearchBack=ZyActionL&Back=ZyActionS&BackDesc=Results%20page&MaximumPages=1&ZyEntry=2&SeekPage=f |access-date=2020-05-18 |website=nepis.epa.gov |page=45 |language=en}}</ref> Sun samar da wutar lantarki ga janareta biyu na Westinghouse . Wutar lantarki daga janareta tana aiki da injin lantarki wanda ke juya propeller. Tana da wani jirgin sama mai ɗaukar kaya guda ɗaya wanda ke da ikon ɗaga tan 20 a kan jirgin ruwanta mai ɗaukar kaya. Tankunan mai na jirgin suna da ƙarfin kimanin {{Convert|28875|USgal|L}} ''.'' Tashar jiragen ruwa ''ta Sweetbrier'' da ba a sake mai ba ta kai {{Convert|8000|nmi|km}} a knots 13, {{Convert|12000|nmi|km}} a kan kulli 12, da kuma {{Convert|17000|nmi|km}} a ma'aunin 8.3. Tankunan ruwanta na sha suna da ƙarfin {{Convert|30,499|USgal|L}} . Idan aka yi la'akari da ƙarfin ajiyar ruwa da sauran dalilai, juriyarta a cikin teku ta kasance kwana 21. Masu taimaka mata a lokacin yaƙi sun kai jami'ai 6 da kuma ma'aikatan soja 74. A shekarar 1964, an rage wannan zuwa jami'ai 5, jami'an tsaro 2, da kuma ma'aikatan soja 47. == Manazarta == ofrglkud90ffimwgtfxjsgzxulx71pt 0 159272 863769 2026-06-22T10:30:50Z M Bash Ne 12403 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1501071|Cauda equina syndrome]] to:ha #mdwikicx 863769 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition |name =Cauda equina syndrome |synonym = |image =Gray662Cauda.png |image_size = |image_thumbtime = |alt = |caption =The [[cauda equina]] begins at the end of the [[spinal cord]] |pronounce = |specialty =[[Neurosurgery]], [[orthopedics]] |symptoms =[[Low back pain]], [[sciatica|pain that radiates down the leg]], numbness around the anus, loss of bowel or bladder control<ref name=Gar2011/> |onset =Rapid or gradual<ref name=Gar2011/> |duration = |causes =[[Disc herniation|Disc herniation]], [[spinal stenosis]], [[cancer]], [[major trauma|trauma]], [[epidural abscess]], [[epidural hematoma]]<ref name=Gar2011/><ref name=NIH2015/> |risks = |diagnosis =[[Medical imaging]] ([[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]], [[CT scan]])<ref name=Gar2011/><ref name=AO2014/> |differential = |prevention = |treatment =Surgery ([[laminectomy]])<ref name=Gar2011/> |medication = |prognosis =20% risk of poor outcome<ref name=Gar2011/> |frequency =1 in 70,000 a year<ref name=Gar2011/> |deaths = }} Ciwon cauda equina ('''CES''') yanayin ne wanda ke faruwa lokacin da tarin jijiyoyi a ƙasa da ƙarshen kashin baya da aka sani da cauda equina ya lalace.<ref name="NIH2015">{{Cite web|title=Cauda equina syndrome|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/10987/cauda-equina-syndrome|website=Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD)|access-date=9 November 2017|language=en|date=2015|archive-date=9 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109191531/https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/10987/cauda-equina-syndrome|url-status=live}}</ref> Alamomin da Suke bayyana alamun wannan ciwo sun haɗa da ciwon baya, ciwo da ke fitowa a kafa, rashin ƙarfi a kusa da anus, da kuma asarar hanji ko kula da hanji.<ref name="Gar2011">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Gardner A, Gardner E, Morley T|title=Cauda equina syndrome: a review of the current clinical and medico-legal position|journal=European Spine Journal|volume=20|issue=5|pages=690–7|date=May 2011|pmid=21193933|pmc=3082683|doi=10.1007/s00586-010-1668-3}}</ref> Farawa na iya zama da sauri ko sannu a hankali.<ref name="Gar2011" /> Dalilin yawanci shine herniation na diski a cikin ƙananan yankin baya.<ref name="Gar2011" /> Sauran abubuwan da suka haifar sun haɗa da spinal stenosis, [[Sankara|ciwon daji]], rauni, epidural abscess, da epidural hematoma.<ref name="NIH2015" /><ref name="Gar2011" /> Ana zargin Alamomin da suke nuna ganewarsa ne bisa ga alamun bayyanar cututtuka kuma an tabbatar da shi ta hanyar hotunan likita kamar MRI ko [[CT scan]].<ref name="Gar2011" /><ref name="AO2014">{{Cite web|title=Cauda Equina Syndrome-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00362|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=9 November 2017|date=March 2014|archive-date=3 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171103212556/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00362|url-status=live}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00362 "Cauda Equina Syndrome-OrthoInfo - AAOS"]. ''orthoinfo.aaos.org''. March 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171103212556/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00362 Archived] from the original on 3 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> Ana kula da CES ta hanyar tiyata ta hanyar laminectomy.<ref name="Gar2011" /> Matsalolin hanji na dindindin, matsalar jima'i ko rashin lafiya na iya faruwa duk da tiyata.<ref name="Gar2011" /><ref name="AO2014" /> Wani mummunan sakamako yana faruwa a cikin kusan 20% na mutane duk da magani.<ref name="Gar2011" /> Kimanin 1 cikin mutane 70,000 yana fama da cutar a kowace shekara.<ref name="Gar2011" /> An fara bayyana shi a Cikin shekara ta 1934.<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chau AM, Xu LL, Pelzer NR, Gragnaniello C|title=Timing of surgical intervention in cauda equina syndrome: a systematic critical review|journal=World Neurosurgery|volume=81|issue=3-4|pages=640–50|date=2014|pmid=24240024|doi=10.1016/j.wneu.2013.11.007}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Magani]] [[Category:Maganin ciwon hanta]] [[Rukuni:Translated from MDWiki]] l8dds6y02wn4y4c40qm6o27uub8g9ru 0 159273 863771 2026-06-22T10:36:12Z Saad Nuhu 43323 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355423048|Anwar M. El-Khalil]]" 863771 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anwar M. El-Khalil''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1938).1...............ɗan siyasan Lebanon ne kuma tsohon memba na Majalisar dokokin Lebanon wanda ke wakiltar gundumar Marjeyoun-Hasbaya ................Anwar M. El-Khalil was born on 9 March 1938 in [[:en:Lagos|Lagos]], Nigeria to a [[:en:Druze|Druze]] family. He graduated from the International College-IC (Secondary School-1953) and from the [[:en:American_University_of_Beirut|American University of Beirut]] (1956). He got post graduate studies in London, UCL (1959) and a Barrister-at-Law – Member of the Honorable Society of the Middle Temple – London.Anwar M. El-Khalil was born on 9 March 1938 in [[:en:Lagos|Lagos]], Nigeria to a [[:en:Druze|Druze]] family. He graduated from the International College-IC (Secondary School-1953) and from the [[:en:American_University_of_Beirut|American University of Beirut]] (1956). He got post graduate studies in London, UCL (1959) and a Barrister-at-Law – Member of the Honorable Society of the Middle Temple – London. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Anwar M. El-Khalil a ranar 9 ga Maris 1938 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya ga dangin [[Druze]]. Ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Kasa da Kasa-IC (Makarantar Sakandare-1953) kuma daga Jami'ar Amurka ta Beirut (1956). Ya sami karatun digiri na biyu a London, UCL (1959) da kuma Barrister-at-Law - memba na Honorable Society of the Middle Temple - London. == Ayyuka == Anwar M. El-Khalil ya mallaki kamfanoni da yawa a Lebanon da kasashen waje * Shugaban M. El-Khalil Transport Ltd., Najeriya * Shugaban M. El-Khalil & Sons (Abubuwa) Ltd., Najeriya * Shugaban Seven-Up Bottling Co., Najeriya 1960 zuwa 1990 * Manajan Darakta na Bankin Beirut Riyadh s.a.l. 1972 zuwa 1995 * Shugaban - Janar Manajan Bankin Beirut Riyadh s.a.l. 1995 zuwa 2002 * Shugaban - Janar Manajan Arabian Touristic and Real Estate Co Ltd. (ATRICO) Beirut, Lebanon * memba na Kwamitin Daraktoci na Bankin Beirut s.a.l daga 2003 zuwa 2022 * Shugaban MAK Holdings (Lebanon) s.a.l tun daga shekara ta 2004 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban Continental Beverages s.a.l (Holding) tun daga 2006 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban Continental Beverages s.a.l (Offshore) tun daga 2007 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban MAK Holdings Ltd. Tun daga shekara ta 2008 zuwa gabatarwa == Rayuwar siyasa == * Dan majalisar dokokin Lebanon daga 1991 zuwa yanzu * Ministan Jiha na Harkokin Majalisar 1992 zuwa 1995 * Ministan Jiha na Canjin Gudanarwa 1995 zuwa 1996 * Ministan Bayanai daga 1998 zuwa 2000 * Ministan 'yan gudun hijira 1998 zuwa 2000 === memba === * Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dokoki, Harkokin Cikin Gida da Manyan Hukumomi * Kwamitin Kasafin Kudi da Kwamitin Kudi na Majalisar Dokoki. * Kwamitin Majalisar Mata da Yara * Kwamitin Gudanarwa da Adalci na Majalisar === Kwamitin Majalisar Dokokin Lebanon === ==== Shugaban ==== * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Switzerland * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Argentina * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Najeriya ==== memba ==== * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Spain * Kwamitin Majalisar Abokantaka na Lebanon da Sweden * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Turai * Wanda ya kafa Makarantar Al'umma ta Lebanon Najeriya kuma shugaban kwamitin amintattu * Shugaban "Ƙungiyar Al'adu ta Duniya" 1971 zuwa 1973 * memba na Kwamitin Daraktoci na Kamfanin Kasuwanci da Masana'antu, Beirut 1973 zuwa 1979 * Mataimakin Shugaban Kwamitin Amintattun Gidauniyar Lafiya ta Druze * Shugaban Union of Arab Banks 1983 zuwa 1989 (ƙungiyar dukkan bankunan a cikin Larabawa World) * Shugaban Tarayyar Bankunan Larabawa 1983 zuwa 1989 * Shugaban girmamawa na rayuwar Gidauniyar El-Khalil tun daga shekara ta 2003 * Wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaban Cibiyar Nazarin Bankin Larabawa (Amman) == Daraja == * Holder of the Lebanese Government National Cedar Medal – Commander Rank – 1974 * Holder of the Kingdom of Spain Royal decoration – 2011{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}} == Rayuwa ta mutum == El-Khalil married to Layla Zayd Al-Atrash in 1961. The couple had four sons: Imad (born 1963), Ziad (born 1964), Fadi (born 1969) and Naji (born 1972).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Dubi kuma == * Majalisar dokokin Lebanon * Mambobin majalisar dokokin Lebanon ta 2009-2013 == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1938]] tf641ejbr10sqabqcyrsn2kyc8tlqsd 863773 863771 2026-06-22T10:37:51Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863773 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anwar M. El-Khalil''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1938).<ref>http://khiyam.com/news/article.php?articleID=6630</ref>.ɗan siyasan Lebanon ne kuma tsohon memba na Majalisar dokokin Lebanon wanda ke wakiltar gundumar Marjeyoun-Hasbaya. An haifi Anwar M. El-Khalil a ranar 9 ga Maris 1938 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya ga dangin [[Druze]]. Ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Kasa da Kasa-IC (Makarantar Sakandare-1953) kuma daga Jami'ar Amurka ta Beirut (1956). Ya sami karatun digiri na biyu a London, UCL (1959) da kuma Barrister-at-Law - memba na Honorable Society of the Middle Temple - London. == Ayyuka == Anwar M. El-Khalil ya mallaki kamfanoni da yawa a Lebanon da kasashen waje * Shugaban M. El-Khalil Transport Ltd., Najeriya * Shugaban M. El-Khalil & Sons (Abubuwa) Ltd., Najeriya * Shugaban Seven-Up Bottling Co., Najeriya 1960 zuwa 1990 * Manajan Darakta na Bankin Beirut Riyadh s.a.l. 1972 zuwa 1995 * Shugaban - Janar Manajan Bankin Beirut Riyadh s.a.l. 1995 zuwa 2002 * Shugaban - Janar Manajan Arabian Touristic and Real Estate Co Ltd. (ATRICO) Beirut, Lebanon * memba na Kwamitin Daraktoci na Bankin Beirut s.a.l daga 2003 zuwa 2022 * Shugaban MAK Holdings (Lebanon) s.a.l tun daga shekara ta 2004 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban Continental Beverages s.a.l (Holding) tun daga 2006 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban Continental Beverages s.a.l (Offshore) tun daga 2007 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban MAK Holdings Ltd. Tun daga shekara ta 2008 zuwa gabatarwa == Rayuwar siyasa == * Dan majalisar dokokin Lebanon daga 1991 zuwa yanzu * Ministan Jiha na Harkokin Majalisar 1992 zuwa 1995 * Ministan Jiha na Canjin Gudanarwa 1995 zuwa 1996 * Ministan Bayanai daga 1998 zuwa 2000 * Ministan 'yan gudun hijira 1998 zuwa 2000 === memba === * Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dokoki, Harkokin Cikin Gida da Manyan Hukumomi * Kwamitin Kasafin Kudi da Kwamitin Kudi na Majalisar Dokoki. * Kwamitin Majalisar Mata da Yara * Kwamitin Gudanarwa da Adalci na Majalisar === Kwamitin Majalisar Dokokin Lebanon === ==== Shugaban ==== * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Switzerland * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Argentina * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Najeriya ==== memba ==== * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Spain * Kwamitin Majalisar Abokantaka na Lebanon da Sweden * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Turai * Wanda ya kafa Makarantar Al'umma ta Lebanon Najeriya kuma shugaban kwamitin amintattu * Shugaban "Ƙungiyar Al'adu ta Duniya" 1971 zuwa 1973 * memba na Kwamitin Daraktoci na Kamfanin Kasuwanci da Masana'antu, Beirut 1973 zuwa 1979 * Mataimakin Shugaban Kwamitin Amintattun Gidauniyar Lafiya ta Druze * Shugaban Union of Arab Banks 1983 zuwa 1989 (ƙungiyar dukkan bankunan a cikin Larabawa World) * Shugaban Tarayyar Bankunan Larabawa 1983 zuwa 1989 * Shugaban girmamawa na rayuwar Gidauniyar El-Khalil tun daga shekara ta 2003 * Wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaban Cibiyar Nazarin Bankin Larabawa (Amman) == Daraja == * Holder of the Lebanese Government National Cedar Medal – Commander Rank – 1974 * Holder of the Kingdom of Spain Royal decoration – 2011{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}} == Rayuwa ta mutum == El-Khalil married to Layla Zayd Al-Atrash in 1961. The couple had four sons: Imad (born 1963), Ziad (born 1964), Fadi (born 1969) and Naji (born 1972).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Dubi kuma == * Majalisar dokokin Lebanon * Mambobin majalisar dokokin Lebanon ta 2009-2013 == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1938]] de881umb7kaple9njzcbdta3117rjeh 863774 863773 2026-06-22T10:38:21Z Saad Nuhu 43323 863774 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anwar M. El-Khalil''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1938).<ref>http://khiyam.com/news/article.php?articleID=6630</ref>.ɗan siyasan Lebanon ne kuma tsohon memba na Majalisar dokokin Lebanon wanda ke wakiltar gundumar Marjeyoun-Hasbaya. An haifi Anwar M. El-Khalil a ranar 9 ga Maris 1938 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya ga dangin [[Druze]]. Ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Kasa da Kasa-IC (Makarantar Sakandare-1953) kuma daga Jami'ar Amurka ta Beirut (1956). Ya sami karatun digiri na biyu a London, UCL (1959) da kuma Barrister-at-Law - memba na Honorable Society of the Middle Temple - London. == Ayyuka == Anwar M. El-Khalil ya mallaki kamfanoni da yawa a Lebanon da kasashen waje * Shugaban M. El-Khalil Transport Ltd., Najeriya * Shugaban M. El-Khalil & Sons (Abubuwa) Ltd., Najeriya * Shugaban Seven-Up Bottling Co., Najeriya 1960 zuwa 1990 * Manajan Darakta na Bankin Beirut Riyadh s.a.l. 1972 zuwa 1995 * Shugaban - Janar Manajan Bankin Beirut Riyadh s.a.l. 1995 zuwa 2002 * Shugaban - Janar Manajan Arabian Touristic and Real Estate Co Ltd. (ATRICO) Beirut, Lebanon * memba na Kwamitin Daraktoci na Bankin Beirut s.a.l daga 2003 zuwa 2022 * Shugaban MAK Holdings (Lebanon) s.a.l tun daga shekara ta 2004 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban Continental Beverages s.a.l (Holding) tun daga 2006 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban Continental Beverages s.a.l (Offshore) tun daga 2007 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban MAK Holdings Ltd. Tun daga shekara ta 2008 zuwa gabatarwa == Rayuwar siyasa == * Dan majalisar dokokin Lebanon daga 1991 zuwa yanzu * Ministan Jiha na Harkokin Majalisar 1992 zuwa 1995 * Ministan Jiha na Canjin Gudanarwa 1995 zuwa 1996 * Ministan Bayanai daga 1998 zuwa 2000 * Ministan 'yan gudun hijira 1998 zuwa 2000 === memba === * Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dokoki, Harkokin Cikin Gida da Manyan Hukumomi * Kwamitin Kasafin Kudi da Kwamitin Kudi na Majalisar Dokoki. * Kwamitin Majalisar Mata da Yara * Kwamitin Gudanarwa da Adalci na Majalisar === Kwamitin Majalisar Dokokin Lebanon === ==== Shugaban ==== * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Switzerland * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Argentina * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Najeriya ==== memba ==== * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Spain * Kwamitin Majalisar Abokantaka na Lebanon da Sweden * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Turai * Wanda ya kafa Makarantar Al'umma ta Lebanon Najeriya kuma shugaban kwamitin amintattu * Shugaban "Ƙungiyar Al'adu ta Duniya" 1971 zuwa 1973 * memba na Kwamitin Daraktoci na Kamfanin Kasuwanci da Masana'antu, Beirut 1973 zuwa 1979 * Mataimakin Shugaban Kwamitin Amintattun Gidauniyar Lafiya ta Druze * Shugaban Union of Arab Banks 1983 zuwa 1989 (ƙungiyar dukkan bankunan a cikin Larabawa World) * Shugaban Tarayyar Bankunan Larabawa 1983 zuwa 1989 * Shugaban girmamawa na rayuwar Gidauniyar El-Khalil tun daga shekara ta 2003 * Wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaban Cibiyar Nazarin Bankin Larabawa (Amman) == Daraja == * Holder of the Lebanese Government National Cedar Medal – Commander Rank – 1974 * Holder of the Kingdom of Spain Royal decoration – 2011{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}} == Rayuwa ta mutum == El-Khalil married to Layla Zayd Al-Atrash in 1961. The couple had four sons: Imad (born 1963), Ziad (born 1964), Fadi (born 1969) and Naji (born 1972).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Dubi kuma == * Majalisar dokokin Lebanon * Mambobin majalisar dokokin Lebanon ta 2009-2013 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1938]] hsu29o1viuqgtzl465t9bvdz1z09gsb 863776 863774 2026-06-22T10:39:02Z Saad Nuhu 43323 #1Lib1RefNG 863776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Anwar M. El-Khalil''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1938).<ref>http://khiyam.com/news/article.php?articleID=6630</ref>.ɗan siyasan Lebanon ne kuma tsohon memba na Majalisar dokokin Lebanon wanda ke wakiltar gundumar Marjeyoun-Hasbaya. An haifi Anwar M. El-Khalil a ranar 9 ga Maris 1938 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya ga dangin [[Druze]]. Ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Kasa da Kasa-IC (Makarantar Sakandare-1953) kuma daga Jami'ar Amurka ta Beirut (1956). Ya sami karatun digiri na biyu a London, UCL (1959) da kuma Barrister-at-Law - memba na Honorable Society of the Middle Temple - London. == Ayyuka == Anwar M. El-Khalil ya mallaki kamfanoni da yawa a Lebanon da kasashen waje * Shugaban M. El-Khalil Transport Ltd., Najeriya * Shugaban M. El-Khalil & Sons (Abubuwa) Ltd., Najeriya * Shugaban Seven-Up Bottling Co., Najeriya 1960 zuwa 1990 * Manajan Darakta na Bankin Beirut Riyadh s.a.l. 1972 zuwa 1995 * Shugaban - Janar Manajan Bankin Beirut Riyadh s.a.l. 1995 zuwa 2002 * Shugaban - Janar Manajan Arabian Touristic and Real Estate Co Ltd. (ATRICO) Beirut, Lebanon * memba na Kwamitin Daraktoci na Bankin Beirut s.a.l daga 2003 zuwa 2022 * Shugaban MAK Holdings (Lebanon) s.a.l tun daga shekara ta 2004 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban Continental Beverages s.a.l (Holding) tun daga 2006 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban Continental Beverages s.a.l (Offshore) tun daga 2007 zuwa gabatarwa * Shugaban MAK Holdings Ltd. Tun daga shekara ta 2008 zuwa gabatarwa == Rayuwar siyasa == * Dan majalisar dokokin Lebanon daga 1991 zuwa yanzu * Ministan Jiha na Harkokin Majalisar 1992 zuwa 1995 * Ministan Jiha na Canjin Gudanarwa 1995 zuwa 1996 * Ministan Bayanai daga 1998 zuwa 2000 * Ministan 'yan gudun hijira 1998 zuwa 2000 === memba === * Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dokoki, Harkokin Cikin Gida da Manyan Hukumomi * Kwamitin Kasafin Kudi da Kwamitin Kudi na Majalisar Dokoki. * Kwamitin Majalisar Mata da Yara * Kwamitin Gudanarwa da Adalci na Majalisar === Kwamitin Majalisar Dokokin Lebanon === ==== Shugaban ==== * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Switzerland * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Argentina * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Najeriya ==== memba ==== * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Spain * Kwamitin Majalisar Abokantaka na Lebanon da Sweden * Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Lebanon da Turai * Wanda ya kafa Makarantar Al'umma ta Lebanon Najeriya kuma shugaban kwamitin amintattu * Shugaban "Ƙungiyar Al'adu ta Duniya" 1971 zuwa 1973 * memba na Kwamitin Daraktoci na Kamfanin Kasuwanci da Masana'antu, Beirut 1973 zuwa 1979 * Mataimakin Shugaban Kwamitin Amintattun Gidauniyar Lafiya ta Druze * Shugaban Union of Arab Banks 1983 zuwa 1989 (ƙungiyar dukkan bankunan a cikin Larabawa World) * Shugaban Tarayyar Bankunan Larabawa 1983 zuwa 1989 * Shugaban girmamawa na rayuwar Gidauniyar El-Khalil tun daga shekara ta 2003 * Wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaban Cibiyar Nazarin Bankin Larabawa (Amman) == Daraja == * Holder of the Lebanese Government National Cedar Medal – Commander Rank – 1974 * Holder of the Kingdom of Spain Royal decoration – 2011{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}} == Rayuwa ta mutum == El-Khalil married to Layla Zayd Al-Atrash in 1961. The couple had four sons: Imad (born 1963), Ziad (born 1964), Fadi (born 1969) and Naji (born 1972).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Dubi kuma == * Majalisar dokokin Lebanon * Mambobin majalisar dokokin Lebanon ta 2009-2013 == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1938]] sjtcz5o1p1jjvq1o25mvtgthb0f31h9 0 159274 863821 2026-06-22T11:28:49Z Saad Nuhu 43323 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355294189|Celestine Omehia]]" 863821 wikitext text/x-wiki Malam '''Celestine Ngozichim Omehia''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Satumban 1959) shi ne Gwamna na huɗu na Jihar Rivers a [[Najeriya]] daga 29 ga Mayun 2007 zuwa 25 ga Oktobar 2007. Shi memba ne na tsohuwar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party (PDP). Ya auri Mrs. Anthonia Omehia (née Itakpe) kuma suna da 'ya'ya uku (Keturah, Kelechi da Kechikamma).1.........was the [[:en:List_of_Governors_of_Rivers_State|fourth]] [[:en:Governor_of_Rivers_State|Governor of Rivers State]], [[:en:Nigeria|Nigeria]] from 29 May 2007 to 25 October 2007. He is a member of the former national governing [[:en:Rivers_State_People's_Democratic_Party|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP). He is married to Mrs. Anthonia Omehia (née Itakpe) and they have three children (Keturah, Kelechi and Kechikamma) Omehia ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Ilimi na Jihar Rivers tsakanin Fabrairun 1992 da Nuwamban 1993 kuma daga baya aka nada shi mai ba da shawara ga Gwamna Peter Odili.1......... An ayyana Omehia a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben gwamna na Jihar Rivers na shekara ta 2007, wanda aka gudanar a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 2007, duk da yawan kuri'un da tashin hankali. An rantsar da shi a matsayin Gwamna na Jihar Niger Delta mai samar da mai a ranar 29 ga Mayu 2007, yana karbar mulki daga Dr. Peter Odili (kuma memba na PDP).2......... A watan Yunin 2007, Kamfanin Ci gaban Man Fetur na Shell ya ba da sanarwar shirin sake komawa hedkwatarsa daga Port Harcourt zuwa Legas saboda dalilai na tsaro. Omehia ya yi kira ga mutane da su taimaka wajen yaki da masu garkuwa da mutane, wadanda ke cutar da tattalin arzikin jihar.2......... A watan Satumbar 2007, Celestine Omehia ta sami amincewa don ƙarin kasafin kuɗi na jihar na N53.2 biliyan ban da kasafin kuɗin da aka amince da shi na 2007 na N179 biliyan. An ƙaddamar da ƙarin kasafin kuɗi kusan gaba ɗaya don ayyukan babban birnin. Mujallar Tell Magazine ta bayyana cewa Omehia na iya kasancewa a karkashin matsin lamba don warware "hakikanin zabe".2......... A ranar 25 ga Oktoba 2007, Kotun Koli ta soke zaben gwamna na Omehia, ta yanke hukuncin cewa [[Rotimi Amaechi|Chibuike Amaechi]], ba Omehia ba, shi ne dan takarar PDP. Amaechi ya lashe zaben fidda gwani na PDP, amma jam'iyyar ta maye gurbin Omehia a lokacin karshe saboda zargin cin hanci.2.........A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2009, Omehia ta nemi babbar kotun da ta sake duba ra'ayinsu amma kotun ta ki amincewa da bukatar.2......... == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] elt2c61icgj1dun7cfnon8ujujk84nn 863835 863821 2026-06-22T11:56:34Z Mahuta 11340 863835 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Malam '''Celestine Ngozichim Omehia''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga Satumban 1959) shi ne Gwamna na huɗu na Jihar Rivers a [[Najeriya]] daga 29 ga Mayun 2007 zuwa 25 ga Oktobar 2007. Shi memba ne na tsohuwar jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party (PDP). Ya auri Mrs. Anthonia Omehia (née Itakpe) kuma suna da 'ya'ya uku (Keturah, Kelechi da Kechikamma).1.........was the [[:en:List_of_Governors_of_Rivers_State|fourth]] [[:en:Governor_of_Rivers_State|Governor of Rivers State]], [[:en:Nigeria|Nigeria]] from 29 May 2007 to 25 October 2007. He is a member of the former national governing [[:en:Rivers_State_People's_Democratic_Party|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP). He is married to Mrs. Anthonia Omehia (née Itakpe) and they have three children (Keturah, Kelechi and Kechikamma) Omehia ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Ilimi na Jihar Rivers tsakanin Fabrairun 1992 da Nuwamban 1993 kuma daga baya aka nada shi mai ba da shawara ga Gwamna Peter Odili.1......... An ayyana Omehia a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben gwamna na Jihar Rivers na shekara ta 2007, wanda aka gudanar a ranar 14 ga Afrilu 2007, duk da yawan kuri'un da tashin hankali. An rantsar da shi a matsayin Gwamna na Jihar Niger Delta mai samar da mai a ranar 29 ga Mayu 2007, yana karbar mulki daga Dr. Peter Odili (kuma memba na PDP).2......... A watan Yunin 2007, Kamfanin Ci gaban Man Fetur na Shell ya ba da sanarwar shirin sake komawa hedkwatarsa daga Port Harcourt zuwa Legas saboda dalilai na tsaro. Omehia ya yi kira ga mutane da su taimaka wajen yaki da masu garkuwa da mutane, wadanda ke cutar da tattalin arzikin jihar.2......... A watan Satumbar 2007, Celestine Omehia ta sami amincewa don ƙarin kasafin kuɗi na jihar na N53.2 biliyan ban da kasafin kuɗin da aka amince da shi na 2007 na N179 biliyan. An ƙaddamar da ƙarin kasafin kuɗi kusan gaba ɗaya don ayyukan babban birnin. Mujallar Tell Magazine ta bayyana cewa Omehia na iya kasancewa a karkashin matsin lamba don warware "hakikanin zabe".2......... A ranar 25 ga Oktoba 2007, Kotun Koli ta soke zaben gwamna na Omehia, ta yanke hukuncin cewa [[Rotimi Amaechi|Chibuike Amaechi]], ba Omehia ba, shi ne dan takarar PDP. Amaechi ya lashe zaben fidda gwani na PDP, amma jam'iyyar ta maye gurbin Omehia a lokacin karshe saboda zargin cin hanci.2.........A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2009, Omehia ta nemi babbar kotun da ta sake duba ra'ayinsu amma kotun ta ki amincewa da bukatar.2......... == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 148zr6saepqqogvc4bduyaav8zbp1zf