Wikipedia hawiki https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babban_shafi MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.22 first-letter Midiya Musamman Tattaunawa User Tattaunawar user Wikipedia Tattaunawar Wikipedia Fayil Tattaunawar fayil MediaWiki Tattaunawar MediaWiki Samfuri Tattaunawar samfuri Taimako Tattaunawar taimako Rukuni Tattaunawar rukuni TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 4162 961827 544624 2026-10-02T09:06:21Z Mai Jiddah muhammad 44560 961827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Hugo - Œuvres complètes, Impr. nat., Poésie, tome VII.djvu|thumb|littafi akan nat agar]] '''Nat Agar''' (an haife shi a kasar Ingila) ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasa ne na [[ƙwallon ƙafa]] daga ƙasar [[Ingila]]. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Agar, Nat}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] '''Nat Agar''' (26 ga Yuli, 1887 – 24 ga Yuni, 1978) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan asalin Ingila wanda daga baya ya koma Amurka. Ya kasance ɗan wasa, koci, alkalin wasa, mai mallakar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa da kuma jami'in gudanarwa. Ya shahara musamman saboda rawar da ya taka wajen bunƙasa ƙwallon ƙafa a birnin New York da kuma a Amurka baki ɗaya. == Rayuwa == An haifi '''Nathan Agar''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Nat Agar''', a [[Sheffield]], Ingila, a ranar 26 ga Yuli, 1887. Daga baya ya koma [[Amurka]], inda ya shiga harkar ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya shafe shekaru masu yawa yana aiki a fannoni daban-daban na wasan. Agar ya fara shiga harkar ƙwallon ƙafa tun yana matashi. Ba wai kawai ya taka leda ba, har ila yau ya shiga cikin gudanar da gasa, horar da 'yan wasa da kuma alkalancin wasanni. == Aikin ɗan wasa == Agar ya fara buga wa ƙungiyar '''Critchleys''' wasa a shekara ta 1905. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da ƙungiyar har zuwa shekara ta 1913. Daga baya ya buga wa '''New York Clan MacDonald''' wasa a tsakanin 1916 da 1917. A shekarar 1919 ya shiga ƙungiyar '''Longfellows''', inda ya ci gaba da taka leda har zuwa 1920. Daga shekarar 1922 zuwa 1925, Agar ya kasance cikin 'yan wasan '''Brooklyn Wanderers'''. A lokacin da yake buga wa ƙungiyar wasa a gasar [[American Soccer League]], ya buga wasanni 10 na gasar kuma ya zura ƙwallo guda ɗaya. Matsayinsa a filin wasa ya kasance na ɗan wasan gaba. == Gudanar da ƙwallon ƙafa == Agar ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka taka rawa wajen tsara harkar ƙwallon ƙafa a yankin New York. A shekara ta 1905 ya kafa ƙungiyar Critchleys. A shekara ta 1906, ya taimaka wajen kafa '''New York Amateur Association Football League'''. An naɗa shi sakataren gasar, kuma ya riƙe wannan matsayi na tsawon shekaru. Ya kuma kasance shugaban gasar a wani lokaci. Wannan aiki ya ba shi damar shiga cikin shirya wasanni da gudanar da harkokin ƙwallon ƙafa a yankin New York. == Alkalancin wasa == Baya ga buga ƙwallon ƙafa, Agar ya kasance alkalin wasa. Ya yi alkalancin wasannin da aka gudanar ƙarƙashin New York Amateur Association League. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1910, an kai masa hari yayin da yake alkalancin wani wasa. Wannan lamari ya nuna irin matsalolin da wasu alkalai suke fuskanta a wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa a wannan zamanin. == Brooklyn Wanderers == A shekara ta 1922, Agar ya zama mai mallakar ƙungiyar '''Brooklyn Wanderers''', wadda ke taka leda a [[American Soccer League]]. Ya kuma kasance kocin ƙungiyar daga 1922 zuwa 1929. A farkon shekarunsa a matsayin mai gudanarwa da koci, ya ci gaba da kasancewa yana taka leda a wasu wasannin ƙungiyar. A matsayinsa na mai kula da ƙungiyar, ya taimaka wajen kawo wasu fitattun 'yan wasa zuwa Brooklyn Wanderers. == Ziyarar Hakoah Vienna == A shekara ta 1926, ƙungiyar [[Hakoah Vienna]] daga Austria ta kai ziyara Amurka domin buga wasannin sada zumunci. Agar ya yi hulɗa da wasu daga cikin 'yan wasan ƙungiyar kuma daga baya wasu daga cikinsu suka koma buga ƙwallon ƙafa a Amurka. Wannan ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka taimaka wajen ƙara shahara da ƙwarewar ƙwallon ƙafa a Amurka a wannan lokacin. == Kocin tawagar ƙasar Amurka == Agar ya kuma jagoranci [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Amurka|tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka]] a matsayin koci. A tsakanin shekarar 1925 zuwa 1926, ya jagoranci tawagar Amurka a wasanni uku da [[Kanada]]. A cikin waɗannan wasannin, Amurka ta samu nasarori da dama, ciki har da nasarar da ta samu da ci 6–1 da kuma 6–2 a kan Kanada. Wannan ya sanya Agar cikin jerin mutanen da suka taka rawa wajen jagorantar tawagar ƙasar Amurka a farkon shekarun ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasa. == Rawarsa a harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka == Agar ya kasance cikin mutanen da suka taimaka wajen kafa da tsara harkokin [[United States Soccer Federation|United States Football Association]], wadda daga baya ta zama hukumar da ke kula da ƙwallon ƙafa a Amurka. A ƙarshen shekarun 1920, ya shiga cikin rikicin da ya taso tsakanin wasu hukumomin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka. Rikicin ya shafi yadda ake gudanar da wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa da kuma iko tsakanin ƙungiyoyi da hukumomin wasanni. Wannan rikici daga baya ya shahara da sunan '''Soccer War'''. A wannan lokacin Agar ya kasance jami'i a [[American Soccer League]] da kuma '''Southern New York State Football Association'''. == Mutuwa == Nat Agar ya rasu a ranar 24 ga Yuni, 1978, a [[New York City]], Amurka. Ya rasu yana da kimanin shekaru 90. == Gadonsa == Nat Agar ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka shiga fannoni da dama na ƙwallon ƙafa a farkon ƙarni na 20. Ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan wasa, alkalin wasa, koci, mai ƙungiya da kuma jami'in gudanarwa. Ayyukansa musamman a New York da kuma tare da Brooklyn Wanderers sun kasance wani ɓangare na tarihin ci gaban ƙwallon ƙafa a Amurka. == Duba kuma == * [[American Soccer League]] * [[Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Amurka]] * [[Hakoah Vienna]] * [[Brooklyn Wanderers]] * [[Ƙwallon ƙafa]] 6y91p2pgjejajh7fkdkyici3imlq03g 0 5830 961718 944568 2026-10-02T06:28:04Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Rayuwar farko da Ilimi */ 961718 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] k5ayfu8p8axhu2huc105xu2jegp4bny 961727 961718 2026-10-02T06:35:50Z Hamza DK 12444 961727 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] 81caqy5cf11z3pv78hk6wkhuce8hstp 961729 961727 2026-10-02T06:37:08Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Sana'a */ 961729 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== Ya fara aikinsa na waƙa a shekarar 2012, <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] 3k9oqvtzv4hiy8rdn9vid0dlp63mc3b 961733 961729 2026-10-02T06:40:49Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Sana'a */ 961733 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== Ya fara aikinsa na waƙa a shekarar 2012, lokacin da ya fara yin waƙar rap a abokan aikinsa a Bariga. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] 0xc8c2f9l6a97gehtgwt9we92z6ichn 961734 961733 2026-10-02T06:41:15Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Sana'a */ 961734 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== Ya fara aikinsa na waƙa a shekarar 2012, lokacin da ya fara yin waƙar rap a abokan aikinsa a Bariga. Ba da daɗewa ba, a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2014, ya fitar da waƙar "Lyrically", <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] 73mvwzrz5cuypeh9yjpwoshyywbg5qo 961735 961734 2026-10-02T06:41:46Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Sana'a */ 961735 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== Ya fara aikinsa na waƙa a shekarar 2012, lokacin da ya fara yin waƙar rap a abokan aikinsa a Bariga. Ba da daɗewa ba, a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2014, ya fitar da waƙar "Lyrically", wadda ta shahara a jami'o'in Najeriya. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] 72ohpbgfnjxe7wmw6xcw4ttb3own4ek 961737 961735 2026-10-02T06:42:14Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Sana'a */ 961737 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== Ya fara aikinsa na waƙa a shekarar 2012, lokacin da ya fara yin waƙar rap a abokan aikinsa a Bariga. Ba da daɗewa ba, a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2014, ya fitar da waƙar "Lyrically", wadda ta shahara a jami'o'in Najeriya. Viktoh, wani mawakin rap na Najeriya, <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] n38jb7dls1px51kr49kuyokbj8aw7pt 961738 961737 2026-10-02T06:42:39Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Sana'a */ 961738 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== Ya fara aikinsa na waƙa a shekarar 2012, lokacin da ya fara yin waƙar rap a abokan aikinsa a Bariga. Ba da daɗewa ba, a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2014, ya fitar da waƙar "Lyrically", wadda ta shahara a jami'o'in Najeriya. Viktoh, wani mawakin rap na Najeriya,ya ji waƙar kutsakaninma ya kunna ta ga Olamide. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] pphe1mcjqtj1snvtwivvp67zc7y6yy0 961739 961738 2026-10-02T06:43:15Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Sana'a */ 961739 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== Ya fara aikinsa na waƙa a shekarar 2012, lokacin da ya fara yin waƙar rap a abokan aikinsa a Bariga. Ba da daɗewa ba, a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2014, ya fitar da waƙar "Lyrically", wadda ta shahara a jami'o'in Najeriya. Viktoh, wani mawakin rap na Najeriya,ya ji waƙar kutsakaninma ya kunna ta ga Olamide. Olamide ya <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] 7azslepbtc97vcsagnem5igh4ew4qc4 961740 961739 2026-10-02T06:44:15Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Sana'a */ 961740 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== Ya fara aikinsa na waƙa a shekarar 2012, lokacin da ya fara yin waƙar rap a abokan aikinsa a Bariga. Ba da daɗewa ba, a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2014, ya fitar da waƙar "Lyrically", wadda ta shahara a jami'o'in Najeriya. Viktoh, wani mawakin rap na Najeriya,ya ji waƙar kutsakaninma ya kunna ta ga Olamide. Olamide ya ji daɗin waƙar kuma ya sanya hannu <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] di2k89c43lsqxy212m96ia435a9a9qu 961741 961740 2026-10-02T06:44:37Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Sana'a */ 961741 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== Ya fara aikinsa na waƙa a shekarar 2012, lokacin da ya fara yin waƙar rap a abokan aikinsa a Bariga. Ba da daɗewa ba, a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2014, ya fitar da waƙar "Lyrically", wadda ta shahara a jami'o'in Najeriya. Viktoh, wani mawakin rap na Najeriya,ya ji waƙar kutsakaninma ya kunna ta ga Olamide. Olamide ya ji daɗin waƙar kuma ya sanya hannu kan Kesh zuwa kamfanin waƙar sa, YBNL Nation. kan Kesh zuwa kamfanin waƙar sa, YBNL Nation. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] m4nyh7l8pessh93iggd9byhkajhgifx 961742 961741 2026-10-02T06:46:05Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Sana'a */ 961742 wikitext text/x-wiki a{{databox}} [[File:Sc.png|200px|right|thumbnail|]] [[File:Lil Kesh sings.png|right|thumb|250px|Lil Kesh]] '''Keshinro Ololade''' ko '''Lil Kesh''' mawaƙin ƙasar [[Nijeriya]] ne, koma yanacikin matasa masu tasowa ==Rayuwar farko da Ilimi== An haifi Ololade kuma ya girma a Bariga, wani yanki a Jihar Legas. Ya halarci Kwalejin Stockbridge don karatunsa na firamare da sakandare, sannan ya ci gaba zuwa Jami'ar Legas, inda ya karanci harsuna. Daga baya, ya koma Jami'ar Buɗaɗɗiya ta Ƙasa kuma ya karanci Mass Communication ta yanar gizo. ==Sana'a== Ya fara aikinsa na waƙa a shekarar 2012, lokacin da ya fara yin waƙar rap a abokan aikinsa a Bariga. Ba da daɗewa ba, a ranar 2 ga Janairu 2014, ya fitar da waƙar "Lyrically", wadda ta shahara a jami'o'in Najeriya. Viktoh, wani mawakin rap na Najeriya,ya ji waƙar kutsakaninma ya kunna ta ga Olamide. Olamide ya ji daɗin waƙar kuma ya sanya hannu kan Kesh zuwa kamfanin waƙar sa, YBNL Nation. kan Kesh zuwa kamfanin waƙar sa, [[YBNL Nation]]. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lil_Kesh#cite_note-3</ref> {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lil Kesh}} [[Category:Mawaƙan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Legas]] o8tkg51bs4txjdsoscxvg3vc2mocpwt 0 5849 961580 818968 2026-10-01T21:27:19Z Baffa ali 47435 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376912465|Michael Jackson]]" 961580 wikitext text/x-wiki Jackson yana daya daga cikin masu fasahar kiɗa mafi kyawun kowane lokaci, tare da kimanin tallace-tallace na fiye da miliyan 500 a duk duniya a matsayin mai zane-zane.[nb 1] Har ila yau, yana ɗaya daga cikin mawaƙa uku, tare da Paul McCartney da Phil Collins, waɗanda suka sayar da fiye da miliyan 100 a matsayin mai zane-zane da kuma babban memba na ƙungiyar. Ya zira kwallaye 13 a kan Billboard Hot 100 kuma shine kawai mai zane da ke da saman goma na Amurka a cikin shekaru sittin. Kyaututtuka sun hada da Grammy Awards 13, Grammy Legend Award, Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, 26 American Music Awards, 12 World Music Awards, 8 MTV Video Music Awards, 6 Brit Awards, da 3 US shugabancin girmamawa. An shigar da shi cikin Rock da Roll Hall of Fame sau biyu, da kuma Songwriters Hall of Fame da Dance Hall of Fame. Bayan ya ba da gudummawar kimanin dala miliyan 500, an yaba wa Jackson da saita ma'auni don aikin agaji na shahararrun mutane. Fim din Michael na 2026 shine Fim din tarihin rayuwa mafi girma a kowane lokaci, yayin da kundin kiɗa na Jackson ya kasance mafi kyawun siyarwa ga kowane mawaƙi.  '''Michael Joseph Jackson''' (Agusta 29, 1958 - Yuni 25, 2009) mawaki ne na Amurka, marubuci, mai rawa, kuma mai taimakon jama'a. An yi masa lakabi da " '''Sarkin Pop''' ", ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutane a al'ada a ƙarni na 20. Nasarorin da ya samu a fannin wakokinsa sun karya shingen launin fata na Amurka kuma sun sanya shi ya zama fitaccen mutum a duniya . Ta hanyar waƙoƙinsa, bidiyon kiɗansa, kade-kade, da salon zamani, ya sauya yanayin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin waƙoƙin da aka fi sani, yana ƙara shahara a cikin rawar titi kamar su wasan moonwalk, robot, da kuma rawar da ba ta da nauyi . Ana ɗaukar Jackson a matsayin mafi kyawun mai nishadantarwa a kowane lokaci. {{Refn|Attributed to multiple sources:<ref>{{Cite news |last=Villarreal |first=Yvonne |date=June 29, 2009 |title=Remembering Michael Jackson: 'The Greatest Entertainer of All Time' |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-jun-29-et-jackson-tribute29-story.html |access-date=January 16, 2025 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=December 6, 2022 |title=Michael Jackson Was The Most Influential Entertainer Of The 20th Century & Shaped The Future Of Music, Dance & Film |url=https://okmagazine.com/p/michael-jackson-influential-entertainer-20th-century/ |access-date=December 24, 2024 |magazine=[[OK!]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Satariano |first=Adam |date=July 8, 2009 |title=Family, Fans Mourn Jackson at Site of Final Rehearsal |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2009-07-08/family-fans-mourn-jackson-at-site-of-final-rehearsal |access-date=January 16, 2025 |agency=[[Bloomberg News]] |quote="the greatest entertainer that ever lived." |archive-date=November 14, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251114023315/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2009-07-08/family-fans-mourn-jackson-at-site-of-final-rehearsal |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Bennett |first=Jessica |date=December 31, 2024 |title=The Greatest Live Performer Of Every Decade, 1950-Present |url=https://www.vibe.com/lists/greatest-live-performer-every-decade-1950-present/ |access-date=January 16, 2025 |magazine=[[Vibe (magazine)|Vibe]] |quote=Widely considered the greatest performer of all time, Michael Jackson}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ratliff |first=Michaela |date=August 29, 2024 |title='The greatest artist who ever lived': Michael Jackson leaves impact 15 years after death |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/greatest-artist-ever-lived-michael-195539668.html |access-date=January 16, 2025 |agency=[[Yahoo News]] |archive-date=January 27, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250127005129/https://www.yahoo.com/news/greatest-artist-ever-lived-michael-195539668.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=June 5, 2010 |title=Michael Jackson Immortalized |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-best-michael-jackson-songs-22188/ |access-date=December 25, 2024 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |quote=Michael Jackson, the greatest pop artist that ever lived |archive-date=September 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929202440/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-best-michael-jackson-songs-22188/ |url-status=live}}</ref>|group=nb}} An haifi Michael Joseph Jackson [1] a ranar 29 ga watan Agusta, 1958, a Gary, Indiana. [2][3][4] Shi ne na takwas cikin yara goma a cikin Iyalin Jackson, dangin ma'aikata na Afirka da ke zaune a cikin Gida mai dakuna biyu a kan titin Jackson.[1][1]Mahaifiyarsa, Katherine Jackson (née Scruse), Mashawarcin Jehovah, ta buga clarinet, cello, da piano; ta yi burin zama mai wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa da yamma, kuma ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a Sears.[5][1]Mahaifinsa, Joe Jackson, tsohon ɗan dambe ne kuma mai aiki a US Steel, wanda kuma ya buga guitar ga ƙungiyar rhythm da blues ta Falcons.[6][1]Ta hanyar mahaifinsa, Michael yana da asalin asalin Amurka (Choctaw); kakansa, Isra'ila Nero Jackson, ya yi amfani da kuma sayar da maganin gargajiya na asali, aikin da ya wuce daga mahaifinsa, Yuli "Jack" Gale, ɗan leƙen asirin Sojojin Amurka wanda ya auri Baƙar fata mai suna Gina kafin Yaƙin basasa.[7][8] Michael yana da 'yan'uwa mata uku - Rebbie, La Toya, da Janet - da' yan'uwa maza biyar Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, Marlon, da Randy.[6] Ɗan'uwa na shida, Brandon, tagwayen Marlon, ya mutu jim kadan bayan haihuwa.[9] Jackson, wanda shi ne mutum na takwas cikin yara goma a cikin dangin Jackson, ya fara bayyana a bainar jama'a yana da shekaru shida a matsayin babban mawaƙin Jackson 5 . Ya fara fitowa a matsayin fitaccen mawaki a fim ɗin ''Off the Wall'' (1979) kuma ya sami nasarar da ba a taɓa gani ba a duniya tare da ''Thriller'' (1982), wanda ya zama kundin waƙoƙi mafi sayarwa a tarihi. Bidiyon kiɗan " Thriller ", " Beat It ", da " Billie Jean " sun sake fasalta hanyar. ''Bad'' (1987) shine kundin farko da ya samar da waƙoƙi guda biyar na Amurka <nowiki><i id="mwOg">na Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100 masu lamba ɗaya: " I Just Can't Stop Loving You ", " Bad ", " The Way You Make Me Feeling ", " Man in the Mirror ", da " Dirty Diana ". ''Dangerous'' (1991) da ''HIStory'' (1995) suma sun yi nasara. Kundin wakokin Jackson na ƙarshe, <nowiki><i id="mwRQ">Invincible</i></nowiki> (2001), shine mafi tsada da aka taɓa yi . Daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980, Jackson ya zo karkashin binciken jama'a saboda dangantakarsa, salon rayuwa, da [[Lafiya da bayyanar Michael Jackson|canza bayyanar]]. an zarge shi da cin zarafin yaro a 1993 kuma ya zauna a waje da kotu a 1994. A shekara ta 2005, an yi masa shari'a kuma an wanke shi a kan wasu tuhume-tuhumen cin zarafin yara. Yayinda yake shirya don This Is It, jerin kide-kide na dawowa, ya mutu a shekara ta 2009 daga wuce gona da iri na propofol wanda likitansa, Conrad Murray ya gudanar. Mutuwarsa ta haifar da hauhawar da ba a taɓa gani ba a cikin zirga-zirgar intanet da kuma hauhawar tallace-tallace na kiɗa. Sakamakon Jackson bayan mutuwarsa sun hada da shirin Michael Jackson's This Is It (2009) da kuma kundin Michael (2010) da ''Xscape'' (2014). Shirin fim din Leaving Neverland na 2019 ya ba da cikakken bayani game da zargin cin zarafin yara a kan Jackson. Jackson yana daya daga cikin masu fasahar kiɗa mafi kyawun kowane lokaci, tare da kimanin tallace-tallace na fiye da miliyan 500 a duk duniya a matsayin mai zane-zane.{{Refn|The estimates of Michael Jackson's sales often vary up to 1{{nbsp}}billion records worldwide.<ref>{{cite news |title=Billboard Music Awards 2014: Michael Jackson hologram steals the show |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=May 19, 2014 |access-date=June 30, 2024 |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/michael-jackson/10840106/Billboard-Music-Awards-2014-Michael-Jackson-hologram-steals-the-show.html |archive-date=June 6, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606193639/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/michael-jackson/10840106/Billboard-Music-Awards-2014-Michael-Jackson-hologram-steals-the-show.html}} {{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/new-michael-jackson-song_n_5250500 |title=New Michael Jackson Song, 'Love Never Felt So Good,' Features Justin Timberlake |newspaper=[[HuffPost]] |agency=Reuters |date=May 1, 2014 |access-date=June 30, 2024 |archive-date=September 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915165131/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/new-michael-jackson-song_n_5250500 |url-status=live}}</ref>|group=nb}} Har ila yau, yana ɗaya daga cikin mawaƙa uku, tare da Paul McCartney da [[Phil collins|Phil Collins]], waɗanda suka sayar da fiye da miliyan 100 a matsayin mai zane-zane da kuma babban memba na ƙungiyar. &nbsp;Ya zira kwallaye 13 a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100 kuma shine kawai mai zane da ke da saman goma na Amurka a cikin shekaru sittin. Kyaututtuka sun hada da Grammy Awards 13, Grammy Legend Award, Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, 26 American Music Awards, 12 World Music Awards, 8 MTV Video Music Awards, 6 Brit Awards, da 3 US shugabancin girmamawa. An shigar da shi cikin Rock da Roll Hall of Fame sau biyu, da kuma Songwriters Hall of Fame da Dance Hall of Fame. Bayan ya ba da gudummawar kimanin dala miliyan 500, an yaba wa Jackson da saita ma'auni don aikin agaji na shahararrun mutane. Fim din Michael na 2026 shine Fim din tarihin rayuwa mafi girma a kowane lokaci, yayin da kundin kiɗa na Jackson ya kasance mafi kyawun siyarwa ga kowane mawaƙi. == Rayuwa da aiki == === Rayuwa ta farko da Jackson 5 (1958-1975) === [[File:Michael_Jackson's_birth_house_in_Gary_Indiana.jpg|left|thumb|Gidan yarinta na Jackson a Gary, Indiana, a cikin 2014]] An haifi Michael Joseph Jackson a ranar 29 ga watan Agusta, 1958, a Gary, Indiana. <ref name="allmusic">{{Cite web |last=Huey |first=Steve |title=Michael Jackson – Artist Biography |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-jackson-mn0000467203/biography |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150507080746/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-jackson-mn0000467203/biography |archive-date=May 7, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 24, 2014 |title=Michael Jackson: 10 Achievements That Made Him The King of Pop |url=https://www.grammy.com/blogs/michael-jackson-10-achievements-that-made-him-the-king-of-pop |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215072653/https://www.grammy.com/blogs/michael-jackson-10-achievements-that-made-him-the-king-of-pop |archive-date=February 15, 2017 |access-date=October 20, 2016 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref> Shi ne na takwas cikin yara goma a cikin Iyalin Jackson, dangin ma'aikata na Afirka da ke zaune a cikin Gida mai dakuna biyu a kan titin Jackson.{{Sfn|Jackson|2009}}{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Mahaifiyarsa, Katherine Jackson (née Scruse), Mashawarcin Jehovah, ta buga clarinet, cello, da piano; ta yi burin zama mai wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa da yamma, kuma ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a Sears.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Mahaifinsa, Joe Jackson, tsohon ɗan dambe ne kuma mai aiki a US Steel, wanda kuma ya buga guitar ga ƙungiyar rhythm da blues ta Falcons.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Ta hanyar mahaifinsa, Michael yana da asalin asalin Amurka (Choctaw); kakansa, Isra'ila Nero Jackson, ya yi amfani da kuma sayar da maganin gargajiya na asali, aikin da ya wuce daga mahaifinsa, Yuli "Jack" Gale, ɗan leƙen asirin Sojojin Amurka wanda ya auri Baƙar fata mai suna Gina kafin Yaƙin basasa. Michael yana da 'yan'uwa mata uku - Rebbie, La Toya, da [[Janet Jackson|Janet]] - da' yan'uwa maza biyar Jackie, [[Tito Jackson|Tito]], Jermaine, Marlon, da Randy.<ref name="Obit Guardian" /> Ɗan'uwa na shida, Brandon, tagwayen Marlon, ya mutu jim kadan bayan haihuwa. Michael da Marlon sun shiga Jackson Brothers a shekarar 1964, ƙungiyar da mahaifinsu suka kafa wacce ta riga ta hada da Jackie, Tito, da Jermaine. Da farko sun yi aiki a matsayin masu kiɗa na madadin, suna wasa [[Conga|congas]] da tambarin. Michael daga baya ya ce mahaifinsa ya wulakanta shi a jiki da motsin rai, yana tunawa da cewa a lokacin maimaitawa Joe sau da yawa yana zaune tare da bel a hannunsa, a shirye ya hukunta kurakurai.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}Joe ya yarda cewa yana yi masa bulala a kai a kai. Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, da Marlon sun musanta cewa mahaifinsu yana da zalunci, suna cewa bulala - Michael ya ji da yawa saboda shi ƙarami ne - ya ci gaba da horar da kungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jackson Brothers: Was Joe Jackson Abusive? |url=https://celebrity.yahoo.com/video/jackson-brothers-joe-jackson-abusive-170000051.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522073344/https://celebrity.yahoo.com/video/jackson-brothers-joe-jackson-abusive-170000051.html |archive-date=May 22, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Yahoo Celebrity]]}}</ref> Michael ya bayyana matashiyarsa a matsayin mai kaɗaici.{{Sfn|Young|2009}} A ƙarshen 1965, Michael ya fara raba murya tare da Jermaine, kuma an canza sunan kungiyar zuwa Jackson 5. Sun lashe wasan kwaikwayo na baiwa a wannan shekarar inda Michael ya yi rawa ga "Barefootin'" na Robert Parker kuma ya raira "My Girl".{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Daga 1966 zuwa 1968, Jackson 5 ya zagaya a ko'ina cikin Midwest, yana yin akai-akai a kan Chitlin' Circuit a matsayin aikin buɗewa ga masu fasaha kamar Sam & Dave, O'Jays, Gladys Knight, da Etta James. Sun kuma yi wasan kwaikwayo a cikin kulob da wuraren shakatawa waɗanda ke nuna wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma a cikin ɗakunan taro na gida da kuma raye-raye na makarantar sakandare.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}A watan Agustan 1967, yayin da suke yawon shakatawa a Gabashin Gabas, sun lashe gasar dare ta mako-mako a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Apollo a Harlem.{{Sfn|Young|2009}} [[File:The_Jackson_5_1972.JPG|left|thumb|Jackson (tsakiya) a matsayin memba da Jackson 5 a shekarar 1972. Kungiyar ta kasance daga cikin 'yan wasan Afirka na farko da suka sami babban mabiya.]] Jackson 5 sun rubuta waƙoƙi da yawa don lakabin Gary na Steeltown Records, sun saki waƙoƙin su na farko, "Big Boy", a cikin 1968.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Bobby Taylor na Bobby Taylor & the Vancouvers ya kawo kungiyar zuwa [[Motown]] bayan sun buɗe masa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Regal na Chicago a wannan shekarar. Taylor ta samar da wasu daga cikin rikodin Motown na farko, gami da sigar "Who's Lovin' You". Bayan sanya hannu tare da Motown, iyalin Jackson sun koma Los Angeles.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A shekara ta 1969, shugabannin Motown sun yanke shawarar cewa [[Diana Ross]] za ta gabatar da Jackson 5 ga jama'a - wani bangare don tallafawa aikinta na talabijin - ƙaddamar da abin da aka ɗauka samfurin Motown na ƙarshe na "layin samarwa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Harper |first=Phillip Brian |date=Winter 1989 |title=Synesthesia, 'Crossover,' and Blacks in Popular Music |journal=[[Social Text]] |issue=23 |page=110 |doi=10.2307/466423 |jstor=466423}}</ref> Kungiyar ta fara fitowa a talabijin a wannan shekarar a gasar Miss Black America, inda ta rufe "It's Your Thing". Rolling Stone daga baya ya bayyana saurayi Michael a matsayin "mai ban mamaki" tare da "kyautar kiɗa mai yawa" wanda da sauri ya zama babban jan hankali na ƙungiyar kuma jagorar mawaƙa. A watan Janairun 1970, "I Want You Back" ya zama na farko na Jackson 5 don isa lamba daya a kan <nowiki><i id="mwAUA">Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100, ya kasance a saman makonni hudu. Ƙarin waƙoƙi uku na Motown - "ABC", "The Love You Save", da "I'll Be There" - suma sun kai lamba ɗaya. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1971, dangin Jackson sun koma wani babban gida a kan Hayvenhurst Avenue, wani yanki na {{Convert|2|acre}} a Encino, California.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A wannan lokacin, Michael ya ci gaba daga ɗan wasan kwaikwayo zuwa gunkin matasa.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Tsakanin 1972 da 1975, ya fitar da kundin studio guda hudu tare da Motown: Got to Be There (1972), ''Ben'' (1972), Music & Me (1973), da Forever, Michael (1975). "Got to Be There" da "Ben", waƙoƙin taken daga waƙoƙinsa na farko guda biyu, an sayar da su da kyau a matsayin mutane, kamar yadda ya rufe Bobby Day na "Rockin' Robin".{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}} Michael ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da Jackson 5. Daga baya aka bayyana kungiyar a matsayin "a cutting-upper misali na baki crossover artists". Sun yi takaici da ƙin Motown ya ba su ƙwarewar ƙira. Ayyukan Michael na manyan biyar "Dancing Machine" a kan Soul Train ya taimaka wajen fadada rawa na robot.{{Sfn|St John|2004}}{{Sfn|Mansour|2005}} === Ka matsa zuwa Epic da ''Daga Ganuwar'' (1975-1981) === [[File:Michael_Jackson,_Diana_Ross,_Quincy_Jones,_"Diana"_(1981_CBS_press_photo).jpg|thumb|Jackson (hagu) da [[Quincy Jones]] (dama) sun bayyana tare da [./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Diana_Ross" id="mwAYk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Diana Ross">Diana Ross] a kan ta na musamman, Diana, a watan Maris 1981.]] Jackson 5 sun bar Motown a 1975, sun sanya hannu tare da Epic Records kuma sun sake suna Jacksons.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Huey |first=Steve |title=The Jackson 5 – Artist Biography |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-jackson-5-mn0000083013/biography |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614154543/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-jackson-5-mn0000083013/biography |archive-date=June 14, 2020 |access-date=April 8, 2019 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> Yayan su Randy ya shiga ƙungiyar a wannan lokacin, yayin da Jermaine ya kasance tare da Motown don neman aikin solo.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Jacksons sun ci gaba da yawon shakatawa a duniya kuma sun saki wasu kundi shida tsakanin 1976 da 1984. Michael, babban marubucin waƙoƙin ƙungiyar a wannan lokacin, ya rubuta waƙoƙi kamar "Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground) " (1978), "This Place Hotel" (1980), da kuma "Can You Feel It" (1980). <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Jackson 5 Biography |url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/the-jackson-five/bio/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331180213/https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/the-jackson-five/bio |archive-date=March 31, 2019 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 1977, Jackson ya koma [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]] don ya fito a matsayin Scarecrow a cikin The ''Wiz'', fim din kiɗa wanda Sidney Lumet ya jagoranta kuma ya ƙunshi [[Diana Ross]], Nipsey Russell, da Ted Ross. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gibron |first=Bill |date=July 7, 2009 |title=You Can't Win Michael Jackson and 'The Wiz' |url=https://www.popmatters.com/feature/107586-you-cant-win-michael-jackson-and-the-wiz/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730230644/http://www.popmatters.com/feature/107586-you-cant-win-michael-jackson-and-the-wiz/ |archive-date=July 30, 2017 |access-date=May 10, 2017 |website=[[PopMatters]]}}</ref> Fim din ya gaza a ofishin akwatin.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}[[Quincy Jones]] ne ya shirya sa, wanda daga baya ya samar da kundi uku na solo na Jackson. {{Sfn|Bronson|2003}} A lokacin da yake New York, Jackson ya saba zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Studio 54, inda ya ji hip-hop na farko; wannan ya rinjayi beatboxing dinsa a kan waƙoƙi na baya kamar "Working Day and Night". Jackson ta biyar solo album kuma na farko a matsayin babba, Off the Wall (1979), ya kafa shi a matsayin solo player kuma ya nuna canjinsa daga bubblegum pop na ƙuruciyarsa zuwa mafi rikitarwa sauti.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Kundin ya samar da shigarwa hudu a saman 10 a Amurka: "A waje da Wall", "Ta fita daga Rayuwata", da kuma taswirar taswirar "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa" da "Rock tare da Kai". Off the Wall ya kai lamba ta uku a kan <nowiki><i id="mwAc8">Billboard</i></nowiki> 200 kuma ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 20 a duk duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: Off The Wall |url=https://www.virginmedia.com/music/classicalbums/michaeljackson-offthewall.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701200501/https://www.virginmedia.com/music/classicalbums/michaeljackson-offthewall.php |archive-date=July 1, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Virgin Media]]}}</ref> {{Spaces}}Jackson ya lashe kyautar Grammy don Mafi kyawun R & B Vocal Performance na 1979 tare da "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa".<ref name="grammy mj">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Michael Jackson |url=https://www.grammy.com/artists/michael-jackson/13202 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117085231/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/michael-jackson |archive-date=November 17, 2017 |access-date=April 7, 2019 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref> A American Music Awards a farkon shekarun 1980, ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Single don "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa", kyaututtuka biyu a jere don Soul / R&B Album da aka fi so, da kuma Soul / R/B Male Artist . A shekara ta 1981, ya sake lashe lambar yabo ta Amurka don Kyautar Soul / R & B da Kyautar Soul/R & B Maza Mai Kyau. Jackson ya ji cewa Off the Wall ya kamata ya sami babban tasiri kuma ya ƙuduri aniyar wuce tsammanin tare da sakin sa na gaba.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A shekara ta 1980, ya sami mafi girman kuɗin sarauta a masana'antar kiɗa: kashi 37 cikin dari na ribar kundin.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}} === Thriller, ''Motown 25: jiya, Yau, Har abada'' da abin da ya faru na Pepsi (1981-1984) === [[File:Michael_Jackson_moonwalk_Motown_25_excerpt.ogv|thumbtime=0:10|thumb|Jackson demonstrating the moonwalk on the 1983 television special ''Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever'', which helped popularize the move]] Daga 1981 zuwa 1983, Jackson ya rubuta demos na "State of Shock", "Victory" da "There Must Be More to Life Than This" tare da jagoran Sarauniya [[Freddie Mercury]] don shirin kundin duet. Ba a kammala aikin ba; daga baya aka rubuta "State of Shock" tare da Mick Jagger don kundin Jacksons Victory (1984), kuma "There Must Be More to Life Than This" an sake shi bayan mutuwarsa a cikin 2014. A shekara ta 1982, Jackson ya ba da gudummawa ga "Wani a cikin Duhu" ga littafin sauti don fim din ET the Extra-Terrestrial . An saki kundi na shida na Jackson, Thriller, a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1982. Ya kasance kundin da aka fi sayarwa a duk duniya a 1983 <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 20, 1983 |title=Michael: He's Not Just the Rock Star of the Year, He's the Rock Star of the '80s |url=https://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB296D5B072064E&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904180807/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB296D5B072064E&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |archive-date=September 4, 2011 |access-date=July 5, 2010}}</ref> kuma daga ƙarshe ya zama kundin da akafi sayarwa a kowane lokaci a Amurka da kuma duniya baki daya, tare da kimanin miliyan 70 da aka sayar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamond Awards |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=T1A#search_section |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216154105/https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=DA#search_section |archive-date=February 16, 2017 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Crookes |first=Del |date=May 4, 2012 |title=Adele's 21 overtakes sales of Thriller in UK album list |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-17935650 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611174537/https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-17935650 |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |access-date=July 2, 2021 |website=[[Newsbeat]]}}</ref> Ya hau kan ''Billboard'' 200 na makonni 37 kuma ya kasance a saman ginshiƙi 10 na makonni 80 a jere. Thriller ya zama kundi na farko don samar da manyan mutane goma guda bakwai a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100, gami da lambar daya "Billie Jean" da "Beat It".{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}} A ranar 25 ga Maris, 1983, Jackson ya sake haɗuwa da 'yan uwansa don ''Motown 25: jiya, Yau, Har abada'', wani talabijin na NBC na musamman wanda aka watsa a ranar 16 ga Mayu ga kimanin masu sauraro miliyan 47. Ayyukan Jackson na solo na "Billie Jean" ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Emmy ta farko. Yana sanye da safofin hannu mai cike da rhinestone, ya fara tafiya a wata - wanda Jeffrey Daniel ya koya masa shekaru uku da suka gabata - wanda ya zama sa hannu na rawa. Jackson da farko ya ki gayyatar, yana gaskata cewa yana yin talabijin da yawa, amma ya amince da yin aiki a buƙatar wanda ya kafa Motown Berry Gordy don musayar wuri ɗaya.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Ayyukansa sun sami yabo sosai: Mikal Gilmore na Rolling Stone ya kira shi "mai ban mamaki", kuma mai sukar The New York Times Anna Kisselgoff ya yaba da lokacin da dabarar rawa, yayin da Gordy ya ce an "masu banƙyama".{{Sfn|Young|2009}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Berry Gordy Addresses Michael Jackson Memorial Service |url=https://www.hark.com/clips/lxbvwzgnms-berry-gordy-addresses-michael-jackson-memorial-service |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509134117/https://www.hark.com/clips/lxbvwzgnms-berry-gordy-addresses-michael-jackson-memorial-service |archive-date=May 9, 2013 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=Hark}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson_with_Grammy_Awards_in_1984.jpg|left|thumb|Jackson a Grammy Awards na 26, inda ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, ya karya rikodin mafi yawan nasarori a cikin dare ɗaya]] A 26th Annual Grammy Awards, Jackson ya sami gabatarwa 12 - mafi yawa a cikin dare ɗaya a lokacin (daga baya an ɗaure shi da Babyface) - kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, ya karya rikodin don mafi yawan nasarori a cikin dare guda (daga baya Santana ya ɗaure shi). <ref name="grammy mj" /> Thriller ya sami gabatarwa 13, mafi yawa ga kowane kundi, kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, gami da Best Engineered Recording (Ba na gargajiya ba) don aikin Bruce Swedien. Jackson ya lashe kyaututtuka bakwai da suka danganci kundin, gami da Album of the Year for Thriller da Record of the Year don "Beat It", kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ga ET the Extra-Terrestrial storybook . <ref name="grammy mj" /> A 11th Annual American Music Awards, Jackson ya lashe wasu kyaututtuka takwas kuma ya zama ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mafi ƙanƙanta da ya karɓi Kyautar Kyauta. Ya kuma lashe kyautar Maza Mai Farin Ciki, Mai Farin R & B Mai Farin Diki, da Mai Farin Pop / Rock Mai Farin. "Beat It" ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Video, Pop / Rock Video, da Pop / Rock Single. Kundin ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Album da Pop / Rock Album.<ref name="Awards 1984" /> Tallace-tallace na Thriller sun ninka sau biyu bayan fitowar bidiyon kiɗa mai tsawo don waƙarsa ta taken, wanda ke nuna Jackson yana rawa tare da ƙungiyar zombies. Nasarar ta canza Jackson zuwa babban karfi a cikin al'adun gargajiya na duniya, kuma kundin "ya ci nasara a rabuwa da launin fata". Yana da mafi girman darajar sarauta a masana'antar kiɗa a wannan lokacin, yana samun kusan $ 2 ga kowane kundin da aka sayar (daidai da $ 6 ), kuma yana samun riba mai ban mamaki. A cikin wannan shekarar, The Making of Michael Jackson's Thriller, wani shirin fim game da bidiyon kiɗa, ya lashe Grammy don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo na Kiɗa (Longform). <ref name="grammy mj" /> ''Lokaci'' ya bayyana tasirin Jackson a lokacin a matsayin "tauraron rikodin, rediyo, bidiyon dutse. Kungiyar ceto ta mutum ɗaya don kasuwancin kiɗa. Marubucin waƙa wanda ya saita bugun na shekaru goma. Mai rawa tare da ƙafafu mafi kyau a kan titi. Mawakin da ke yanke duk iyakokin dandano da salon da launi ma.<ref name="Time" />The New York Times ya rubuta, "a cikin duniyar kiɗa, akwai Michael Jackson kuma akwai kowa da kowa". Jackson da 'yan uwansa sun yi haɗin gwiwa tare da PepsiCo a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1983 don yarjejeniyar tallace-tallace ta dala miliyan 5, inda suka kafa sabon rikodin don amincewar shahararrun mutane (daidai da dala miliyan 16.2 a shekarar 2025). {{Spaces}}Kamfen na farko na [[Pepsi]], wanda ya gudana a Amurka daga 1983 zuwa 1984 kuma ya ƙaddamar da taken "Sabon Zamani" na kamfanin, ya haɗa da tallafawa yawon shakatawa, abubuwan da suka faru na hulɗa da jama'a, da nune-nunen cikin shagon. Jackson ya taimaka wajen kirkirar talla kuma ya ba da shawarar amfani da waƙarsa "Billie Jean", tare da sake fasalin kalmomin, a matsayin jingle. [[File:The_Jacksons_Victory_Tour_by_Michael_Goulding_Nov_30_1984_2.jpg|right|thumb|Jackson yana aiki tare da Jacksons a [[Los Angeles]] a lokacin Victory Tour a 1984]] A ranar 27 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1984, Michael da sauran mambobin Jacksons sun yi fim din tallace-tallace na Pepsi a Shrine Auditorium a Los Angeles, wanda Phil Dusenberry ke kula da shi, babban jami'in tallace-kallace na BBDO, da Alan Pottasch, Darakta na Pepsi na Duniya. A lokacin wasan kwaikwayo na kwaikwayon a gaban cikakken masu sauraro, pyrotechnics ba zato ba tsammani ya sa gashin Jackson a wuta, wanda ya haifar da [[ƙonewa]] na biyu ga gashin kansa. Ya sami magani don ɓoye alamun kuma ya sami rhinoplasty na uku jim kadan bayan haka. Pepsi ya zauna a waje da kotu, kuma Jackson ya ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 1.5 (daidai da dala miliyan 4.6 a 2025) ga Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Brotman a Culver City, California; Cibiyar Michael Jackson Burn da aka rufe yanzu an sanya masa suna don girmama shi.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}{{Spaces}}Jackson ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya ta biyu tare da Pepsi a ƙarshen shekarun 1980 don dala miliyan 10 (daidai da dala miliyan 28.3 a cikin 2025). {{Spaces}}Yaƙin neman zaɓe na biyu ya rufe ƙasashe 20 kuma ya ba da tallafin kuɗi ga Jackson's Bad album da yawon shakatawa na duniya na 1987-1988. Jackson kuma yana da amincewa da yarjejeniyar talla tare da kamfanoni kamar LA Gear, Suzuki, da Sony, amma babu wanda ya kasance mai mahimmanci kamar yarjejeniyarsa da Pepsi. Yawon shakatawa na Nasara na 1984 ya jagoranci Jacksons kuma ya nuna sabon kayan solo na Jackson ga fiye da Amurkawa miliyan biyu. Wannan shi ne yawon shakatawa na karshe da ya yi tare da 'yan uwansa. Bayan jayayya game da sayar da tikitin kide-kide, Jackson ya ba da rabonsa na kuɗin da aka samu - wanda aka kiyasta ya kai dala miliyan 3 zuwa 5 - ga sadaka.<ref name="Humanitarian">{{Cite web |last=Vogel |first=Joseph |author-link=Joseph Vogel (author) |date=September 24, 2017 |title=Michael Jackson's Forgotten Humanitarian Legacy |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/michael-jacksons-forgotten-humanitarian-legacy_b_59c7c8d3e4b08d661550436a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108075919/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/michael-jacksons-forgotten-humanitarian-legacy_b_59c7c8d3e4b08d661550436a |archive-date=November 8, 2021 |access-date=December 1, 2021 |website=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> A lokacin wasan kwaikwayo na karshe na Victory Tour a Filin wasa na Dodger a Los Angeles, Jackson ya sanar da rabuwa da Jacksons a lokacin "Shake Your Body". === "Mu ne Duniya" da sauran ayyukan kasuwanci (1985) === [[File:Michael_Jackson_autographing_'We_Are_The_World'_posters_1985.jpg|thumb|Jackson ya sanya hannu kan hoton "Mu ne Duniya" a shekarar 1985]] Tare da Lionel Richie, Jackson ya rubuta waƙar sadaka "We Are the World" (1985), wanda ya tara kuɗi ga matalauta a Amurka da Afirka.<ref name="WATW">{{Cite web |title=Past Winners Search: "We Are the World" |url=https://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=&field_nominee_work_value=%22We+Are+The+World%22&year=All&genre=All |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416205907/http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=&field_nominee_work_value=%22We+Are+The+World%22&year=All&genre=All |archive-date=April 16, 2014 |access-date=January 29, 2014 |publisher=The Recording Academy}}</ref><ref name="jdoyle">{{Cite web |last=Doyle |first=Jack |date=July 7, 2009 |title="Michael & McCartney": 1980s–2009 |url=https://www.pophistorydig.com/topics/michael-mccartney-1980s-2009/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150613002206/http://www.pophistorydig.com/topics/michael-mccartney-1980s-2009/ |archive-date=June 13, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=The Pop History Dig}}</ref> Ya sami dala miliyan 63 (daidai da dala miliyan 189 a cikin 2025), kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin Mafi kyawun sayarwa na kowane lokaci, tare da sayar da kwafin miliyan 20. <ref name="jdoyle" /> {{Spaces}}{{Spaces}}Ya lashe Grammy Awards hudu a 1985, ciki har da Song of the Year ga Jackson da Richie . <ref name="WATW" /> Jackson, Jones, da mai gabatarwa Ken Kragen sun sami kyaututtuka na musamman saboda rawar da suka taka a cikin waƙar. <ref name="WATW" /> {{Sfn|Campbell|1993}}{{Sfn|Young|2009}} Jackson ya yi aiki tare da Paul McCartney a farkon shekarun 1980 kuma ya koyi cewa McCartney yana samun dala miliyan 40 a shekara daga mallakar haƙƙin waƙoƙin wasu masu fasaha.<ref name="jdoyle" /> {{Spaces}}A shekara ta 1983, Jackson ya fara sayen haƙƙin bugawa ga waƙoƙin wasu, amma ya zaɓi abubuwan da ya samu, yana ba da kuɗi kaɗan daga cikin littattafan da aka ba shi. Jackson ya sayi kundin kiɗa da haƙƙin mallaka na waƙa, kamar tarin [[Sly Stone]], sun haɗa da "Mutanen yau da kullun" (1968), Len Barry's "1-2-3" (1965), da Dion DiMucci's "The Wanderer" (1961) da "Runaround Sue" (1961). A shekara ta 1984, Robert Holmes a Kotun ya sanar da cewa yana sayar da kundin ATV Music Publishing, wanda ya ƙunshi haƙƙin bugawa ga kusan waƙoƙi 4,000, gami da mafi yawan kayan [[The Beatles|Beatles]]. A cikin 1981, an ba McCartney kundin don fam miliyan 20 ($ miliyan 40) (daidai da dala miliyan 142 a cikin 2025). <ref name="jdoyle" /><ref name="mcca atv">{{Cite web |date=November 13, 2010 |title=Paul McCartney refused an offer to buy the ATV Catalog for £20 million ($40 million) |url=https://mjjinfo.blogspot.fr/2010/11/paul-mccartney-refused-to-buy-atv.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529221446/http://mjjinfo.blogspot.fr/2010/11/paul-mccartney-refused-to-buy-atv.html |archive-date=May 29, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=Mjjinfo.blogspot.fr}}</ref> {{Spaces}}{{Spaces}}Jackson ya gabatar da tayin dala miliyan 46 (daidai da dala miliyan 143 a 2025) a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 1984.<ref name="hilburn" /> {{Spaces}}Lokacin da Jackson da McCartney ba su iya yin sayan hadin gwiwa ba, McCartney bai so ya zama mai mallakar waƙoƙin Beatles ba kuma bai bi tayin kansa ba.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}<ref name="mcca atv" />Wakilan Jackson ba su iya cimma yarjejeniya ba, kuma a watan Mayu 1985 sun bar tattaunawar bayan sun kashe fiye da dala miliyan 1 da watanni hudu a kan aikin da ya dace.<ref name="hilburn" />{{Spaces}} A watan Yunin 1985, Jackson da Branca sun koyi cewa Charles Koppelman da Martin Bandier's The Entertainment Company sun yi ƙoƙari su sayi ATV Music na dala miliyan 50. {{Spaces}}A farkon watan Agusta, Holmes a Kotun ya tuntubi Jackson kuma an ci gaba da tattaunawa. An karɓi karuwar tayin Jackson na dala miliyan 47.5 (daidai da dala miliyan 142 a 2025) saboda zai iya rufe yarjejeniyar da sauri, bayan ya riga ya kammala aikin da ya dace. {{Spaces}}Jackson ya amince ya ziyarci Holmes à Court a Ostiraliya, inda zai bayyana a Channel Seven Perth Telethon . An kammala sayen ATV Music a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, 1985. <ref name="hilburn" /><ref name="jdoyle" /> === Ƙarin hasashe na tabloid (1986-1987) === Fata na Jackson ya kasance matsakaici-launin launin ruwan kasa a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, amma daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980 ya zama mai laushi a hankali. Canjin ya jawo yaduwar kafofin watsa labarai, gami da hasashe cewa yana wanke fata.{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}}{{Sfn|Parameswaran|2011}}{{Sfn|DeMello|2012}}Likitan jikinsa, Arnold Klein, ya ce ya lura a 1983 cewa Jackson yana da [[vitiligo]], yanayin da ke nuna alamar fata da ke rasa launi. Ya kuma gano discoid lupus erythematosus a Jackson. Klein ya gano Jackson da lupus a wannan shekarar <ref name="Rosenberg" /> da kuma vitiligo a 1986. Babban tasirin Vitiligo akan jiki na iya haifar da damuwa ta hankali. Jackson ya yi amfani da kayan shafa masu launi mai kyau kuma mai yiwuwa cream mai tsabtace fata don rufe tabo da ba daidai ba wanda cutar ta haifar. Creams za su cire tabo, kuma tare da kayan shafa zai iya bayyana sosai.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Jackson ya ce bai yi wa fata fata ba kuma bai iya sarrafa vitiligo ba, ya kara da cewa, "Lokacin da mutane suka kirkiro labarun da ba na so in zama wanda ni ne, yana cutar da ni. " Ya zama abokantaka da mataimakin Klein da Klein, Debbie Rowe. Rowe daga baya ta zama matar Jackson ta biyu kuma mahaifiyar 'ya'yansa biyu na farko. Jackson ya tattauna a cikin tarihin kansa na 1988 da kuma hira da aka yi da shi a 1993 yana da tiyata biyu kawai da kuma tiyata a gemu. Ya ambaci rasa nauyi a farkon shekarun 1980 saboda canjin abincinsa don cimma jikin mai rawa.{{Sfn|Jackson|2009}}Shaidu sun ba da rahoton cewa sau da yawa yana da damuwa kuma ya yi hasashen cewa yana fama da [[Anorexia nervosa]]. Lokaci na asarar nauyi ya zama matsala mai maimaitawa daga baya a rayuwarsa.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Bayan Jackson ya mutu, mahaifiyarsa ta yi magana game da shi da farko ya juya zuwa hanyoyin kayan shafawa don magance vitiligo kuma ya guje wa kama da "mace mai tabo". Ta ce akwai fiye da tiyata biyu da ya yi iƙirarin, kuma ya yi hasashen cewa ɗanta ya zama mai jaraba da su. [[File:Michael_Jackson_with_Donna_Ashlock_1986_by_UPI_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Jackson tare da ɗanɗana Bubbles a cikin 1986]] An ruwaito a cikin shekara ta 1986 cewa Jackson ya kwanta a cikin ɗakin hyperbaric don jinkirta tsufa. Ya musanta labarin, kodayake an yi zargin cewa ya ɓoye hoton kansa yana barci a cikin ɗakin gilashi. Jackson ya ce harbi ne na gabatarwa daga wasan kwaikwayo na sararin samaniya mai zuwa wanda ke nuna shi, ''Kyaftin EO'', zuwa The National Enquirer . An kuma bayar da rahoton cewa ya sha allurar estrogen don kiyaye muryarsa da gashin fuska, ya ba [[Elizabeth Taylor]] kuma mai yiwuwa ya ajiye mata wuri mai tsarki, kuma an yi masa tiyata a idanunsa. Kocin Jackson Frank DiLeo ya musanta duk waɗannan da'awar sai dai don samun ɗakin. DiLeo ya kara da cewa, "Ban san ko yana barci a ciki ba. Ba ni da shi. Amma Michael yana tunanin wani abu ne mai yiwuwa yana da lafiya a gare shi. Yana da ɗan tsattsauran ra'ayi na lafiya". Lokacin da Jackson ya ɗauki ɗanɗansa Bubbles a kan yawon shakatawa a Japan, kafofin watsa labarai sun nuna shi a matsayin mai son wasan kwaikwayo na [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] wanda ya yi abokantaka da dabbobi. An kuma ruwaito cewa Jackson ya ba da shawarar sayen ƙasusuwan Joseph Merrick ("Mutumin Gishiri").{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A watan Yunin 1987, jaridar Chicago Tribune ta ba da rahoton cewa Jackson ya ba da dala miliyan 1 don kwarangwal daga Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Asibitin London a madadinsa. {{Spaces}}Kwalejin ta ci gaba da cewa kwarangwal ba don sayarwa ba ne. DiLeo ya ce Jackson yana da "sha'awar sha'awa" a cikin Merrick, "kawai bisa ga fahimtarsa game da muhimmancin ɗabi'a, kiwon lafiya da tarihi". Jackson ya yi aiki tare da George Lucas da Francis Ford Coppola a fim din 3D na minti 17, dala miliyan 30, ''Kyaftin EO'', wanda ya gudana daga 1986 a Disneyland da Epcot, sannan daga baya a Tokyo Disneyland da Yuro Disneyland . {{Spaces}}Bayan an cire shi a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, ya koma wurin shakatawa na shekaru da yawa bayan mutuwar Jackson.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 23, 2010 |title=Captain EO is Back to Change the World |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/02/23/captain-eo-is-back-to-change-the-world |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917171107/https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/02/23/captain-eo-is-back-to-change-the-world |archive-date=September 17, 2021 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=IGN}}</ref> A matsayinsa na Shaidar Jehovah, Jackson zai yi bishara daga kofa zuwa kofa yayin da yake sanye da tufafi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Waldman |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Waldman |date=July 6, 2009 |title=Michael Jackson on Religion, Celebrating the Sabbath and His Lost Childhood |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-SEB-3139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250903032746/https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-SEB-3139 |archive-date=September 3, 2025 |access-date=July 16, 2025 |website=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref> A shekara ta 1987, ''Ebony'' ya ba da rahoton cewa Jackson ya rabu da kansa daga Shaidun Jehovah.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url-status=143, 148–9}}</ref> Katherine Jackson ta ce wannan na iya kasancewa ne saboda wasu Shaidu sun yi tsayayya da bidiyon Thriller, wanda Michael ya yi tir da shi a cikin littafin Shaida a shekarar 1984. Duk da yake tsoffin mambobin galibi iyalansu suna guje wa su, mahaifiyar Jackson ta ci gaba da hulɗa da shi. A shekara ta 2001, Jackson ya gaya wa wani mai tambayoyin cewa har yanzu shi Shaidar Jehovah ne. === Bad, tarihin rayuwa da Neverland (1987-1990) === [[File:Michaeljacksonphoto_drewcohen.JPG|alt=A man is singing into a microphone under a spotlight. He wears a blue open-neck shirt over a white T-shirt, and dark pants. There are two colorfully-dressed men on either side of him.|left|thumb|Jackson (cibiyar) yana yin jerin rawa zuwa "The Way You Make Me Feel" a Bad World Tour a cikin 1988]] Jackson ya fitar da kundi na bakwai da ake tsammani, Bad, a ranar 31 ga watan Agusta, 1987. Bad ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 2.25 a cikin makon farko a Amurka, ya fara a lamba daya a kan ''Billboard'' 200, inda ya kasance na makonni shida.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 6, 1987 |title='Bad' Sales Not Bad, but Some Hoped for More |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-06-ca-12925-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720162129/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-06-ca-12925-story.html |archive-date=July 20, 2021 |access-date=July 20, 2021 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> Ya zama kundi na farko da ya samar da waƙoƙi guda biyar na Amurka: "Ba zan iya dakatar da ƙaunarka ba", "Bad", "Hanyar da za ku sa ni ji", "Mutum a cikin Mirror", da kuma "Dirty Diana". "Smooth Criminal" ya kai lamba bakwai. Bad ya lashe Grammy na 1988 don Mafi kyawun Rubuce-rubucen Injiniya - Ba na gargajiya ba da kuma Grammy na 1990 don Mafi kyawun Bidiyo na Kiɗa, gajeren tsari don "Bayar da Ni Ni kaɗai". <ref name="grammy mj" /> <ref name="Bruce">{{Cite web |title=Past Winners Search: Bruce Swedien |url=https://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=Bruce+Swedien&title=&year=All&genre=All |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718113434/http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=Bruce+Swedien&title=&year=All&genre=All |archive-date=July 18, 2011 |access-date=February 14, 2008 |publisher=The Recording Academy}}</ref> Jackson ya sami lambar yabo ta Achievement a American Music Awards a shekarar 1989 bayan Bad ya samar da mutane biyar masu lamba daya, ya zama kundi na farko da ya fara saman sigogi a kasashe 25, kuma shine kundin da aka fi sayarwa a duk duniya a shekarar 1987 da 1988. The Bad yawon shakatawa ya gudana daga Satumba 12, 1987, zuwa Janairu 27, 1989.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}A Japan, yana da sayarwa 14 kuma ya jawo mutane 570,000, kusan sau uku rikodin da ya gabata don yawon shakatawa guda ɗaya. Mutane 504,000 da suka halarci wasanni bakwai da aka sayar a Filin wasa na Wembley sun kafa sabon rikodin duniya na Guinness.<ref>{{Cite web |title=16 of Michael Jackson's Greatest Non-Musical Achievements |url=https://brainz.org/16-michael-jacksons-greatest-non-musical-achievements |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626164913/https://brainz.org/16-michael-jacksons-greatest-non-musical-achievements/ |archive-date=June 26, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=Brainz.org}}</ref> Bad cemented Jackson matsayin a matsayin mai rinjaye na kiɗa; kundin ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 35 a duk duniya, ya sanya shi cikin kundin da aka fi sayarwa a kowane lokaci. <ref name="k923">{{Cite web |last=Stevens |first=Tom |date=August 14, 2017 |title=Michael Jackson's Bad at 30: share your favourite albums of 1987 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/aug/14/michael-jacksons-bad-at-30-share-your-favourite-albums-of-1987 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204121206/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/aug/14/michael-jacksons-bad-at-30-share-your-favourite-albums-of-1987 |archive-date=December 4, 2017 |access-date=August 25, 2025 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=July 27, 2022 |title=The 25 Best-Selling Albums of All Time |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/music/best-selling-albums/the-best-selling-albums-of-all-time |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812154943/https://www.pastemagazine.com/music/best-selling-albums/the-best-selling-albums-of-all-time |archive-date=August 12, 2025 |access-date=August 25, 2025 |website=[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]]}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson1_1988.jpg|thumb|Jackson performing in [[Vienna]] in July 1988]] A watan Maris na shekara ta 1988, Jackson ya sayi kadada ,700 (11 ) na ƙasa kusa da Santa Ynez, California, don gina gida, Neverland Ranch, a farashin dala miliyan 17 (daidai da dala miliyan 46 a shekara ta 2025). {{Spaces}}Ya shigar da motar Ferris, karosel, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, da gidan zoo.<ref name="Malta" /> Ma'aikatan tsaro na 40 sun yi sintiri a filin.<ref name="Bio2" /> Ba da daɗewa ba, Jackson ya bayyana a cikin tallan talabijin na Yammacin da aka watsa a [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]]. A wannan lokacin, Jackson ya zama sananne a matsayin "Sarkin Pop", sunan laƙabi da masu tallata shi suka rungumi.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}{{Sfn|Tannenbaum|Marks|2011}}Lokacin da [[Elizabeth Taylor]] ta gabatar da shi da lambar yabo ta Soul Train Heritage a shekarar 1989, ta kira shi "sarkin gaskiya na pop, dutse da rai".{{Sfn|Campbell|1993}}Shugaba George H. W. Bush ya sanya shi "Artist of the Decade" na Fadar White House.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 1990 |title=Remarks on the Upcoming Summit with President Mikhail Gorbachev of the Soviet Union |url=https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=18331 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402184921/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=18331 |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=The American Presidency Project}}</ref> A lambar yabo ta BMI ta 38 a cikin 1990, Jackson ya zama mutum na farko da aka girmama shi da lambar yabo mai suna bayan mai karɓa. Daga 1985 zuwa 1990, Jackson ya ba da gudummawar $ 455,000 ga Asusun Kwalejin Negro na United, kuma duk ribar da ya samu daga "Man in the Mirror" ya tafi sadaka.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Ayyukansa na "You Were There" a bikin ranar haihuwar Sammy Davis Jr.'s 60th ya ba Jackson gabatarwa ta Emmy ta biyu. Jackson shine mai zane-zane mafi kyawun shekarun 1980. === Ayyukan zamantakewa ''Mai haɗari'' da na jama'a (1991-1993) === A watan Maris na shekara ta 1991, Jackson ya sabunta kwangilarsa tare da Sony don dala miliyan 65 (daidai da dala miliyan 154 a shekara ta 2025), yarjejeniyar da ta karya rikodin a lokacin. {{Spaces}}Ya fitar da kundi na takwas, Dangerous, a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 1991, tare da Teddy Riley. An tabbatar da shi sau takwas platinum a Amurka kuma ya sayar da kwafin miliyan 32 a duk duniya ta 2018.<ref name="Certifications">{{Cite web |title=Gold & Platinum Searchable Database – Jackson, Michael |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=michael+jackson#search_section |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075507/http://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Michael+Jackson#search_section |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=Recording Industry Association of America}}</ref> A Amurka, na farko, "Black or White", shi ne waƙar da ta fi dacewa da kundin; ya kasance lamba ɗaya a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100 na makonni bakwai kuma ya sami irin wannan nasarar a duk duniya.<ref name="Achievements">{{Cite web |date=November 2, 2006 |title=The return of the King of Pop |url=https://www.today.com/id/15529981 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927195945/http://www.today.com/id/15529981 |archive-date=September 27, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref> Na biyu, "Ka tuna da Lokaci" ya kai lamba ta uku a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100. A ƙarshen shekara ta 1992, Dangerous ita ce kundin da aka fi siyarwa a duniya, kuma "Black or White" ita ce mafi kyawun siyarwa na shekara a duniya a Billboard Music Awards. A shekara ta 1993, ya yi "Ka tuna da Lokaci" a Soul Train Music Awards yayin da yake zaune, yana mai cewa ya karkatar da idonsa yayin karatun rawa. A Burtaniya, "Heal the World" ya kai lamba ta biyu a kan sigogi a shekarar 1992. <ref name="OC">{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/16519/michael-jackson/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617220110/https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/16519/michael-jackson/ |archive-date=June 17, 2018 |access-date=April 7, 2019 |publisher=[[Official Charts]]}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson_(21022972230).jpg|left|thumb|Jackson a lokacin Dangerous World Tour a [[Monza]], Italiya, a cikin 1992]] Jackson ya kafa Gidauniyar Heal the World a shekarar 1992. Kungiyar agaji ta kawo yara marasa galihu zuwa ranch na Jackson don amfani da wuraren shakatawa na filin shakatawa kuma ta aika da miliyoyin daloli a duniya don taimakawa yara da ke fuskantar barazanar yaki, talauci, da cututtuka. A wannan watan Yuli, Jackson ya buga littafinsa na biyu, Dancing the Dream, tarin shayari. Don tallafawa Dangerous, Jackson ya fara rangadin duniya na biyu, Dangerous World Tour, don tara kuɗi don Gidauniyar Heal the World . Gidan yawon shakatawa ya gudana daga Yuni 1992 zuwa Nuwamba 1993, inda ya tara dala miliyan 100 (daidai da dala miliyan 220 a 2025) daga kide-kide 69 a wajen Amurka kuma ya jawo hankalin mutane sama da miliyan 3.5.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MJ's 'Dangerous' World Tour Raised Millions To Aid Children & Environment |url=https://www.michaeljackson.com/en-ca/news/mjs-dangerous-world-tour-raised-millions-to-aid-children-environment/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814180438/https://www.michaeljackson.com/en-ca/news/mjs-dangerous-world-tour-raised-millions-to-aid-children-environment/ |archive-date=August 14, 2024 |access-date=August 14, 2024 |publisher=Michael Jackson Official Site}}</ref> Jackson ya sayar da haƙƙin watsa shirye-shiryen don wasan kwaikwayo na Oktoba 1, 1992, a Bucharest ga HBO don dala miliyan 20 (daidai da dala miliyan 46 a cikin 2025), sannan mafi girman kuɗin da aka taɓa biya don mai wasan kwaikwayo ya bayyana a talabijin. {{Spaces}}Ya ba da gudummawar wani ɓangare na kuɗin don taimakawa yaran Romania.<ref name="Zad-1992" /> Bayan rasuwar mai magana da yawun [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]] kuma aboki Ryan White, Jackson ya bukaci gwamnatin Clinton a Bikin buɗewa na Bill Clinton da ta kara kudade ga kungiyoyin agaji na HIV / AIDS da bincike, kuma ta yi "Gone Too Soon", waƙar da aka keɓe ga White, da kuma "Heal the World" a bikin. Jackson ya ziyarci Afirka a farkon shekara ta 1992; a tashinsa ta farko a Gabon, mutane sama da 100,000 ne suka gaishe shi, wasu suna ɗauke da alamun da ke cewa "Barka da Gida Michael", kuma an ba shi matsayin Jami'in Dokar Merit ta Kasa daga Shugaba [[Omar Bongo]].<ref name="Ebony">{{Cite magazine|url-status=34–43}}</ref> A lokacin tafiyarsa zuwa Ivory Coast, Jackson ya jawo taron jama'a fiye da [[John Paul na Biyu|Paparoma John Paul II]] a ziyararsa ta baya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: The Thrill Of Thriller |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00zfxhf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218070931/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00zfxhf |archive-date=February 18, 2018 |access-date=January 1, 2024 |publisher=[[BBC World Service]]}}</ref> Wani shugaban kabilanci ne ya naɗa shi "Sarki Sani" a ƙauyen Ivory Coast na Krindjabo, inda ya gode wa manyan mutane a Faransanci da Ingilishi, ya sanya hannu kan takardun da ke tsara mulkinsa, kuma ya zauna a kan kursiyin zinariya yayin da yake jagorantar raye-raye na bikin.<ref name="Ebony" /> A watan Janairun 1993, Jackson ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a Super Bowl XXVII a Pasadena, California. Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa (NFL) ta nemi babban mai zane don kula da masu kallo a lokacin rabin lokaci biyo bayan raguwar yawan masu sauraro. Tare da masu kallo miliyan 133.4, shi ne Super Bowl na farko wanda wasan kwaikwayon rabin lokaci ya jawo masu sauraro da yawa fiye da wasan da kansa. Jackson ya yi "Jam", "Billie Jean", "Black or White", da kuma "Heal the World". Dangerous ya tashi wurare 90 a kan jadawalin kundin Amurka bayan wasan kwaikwayon.{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}} Jackson ya ba da hira ta minti 90 tare da Oprah Winfrey a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1993. Ya yi magana game da cin zarafin da ya fuskanta a lokacin yaro a hannun mahaifinsa, ya ce ya yi imanin cewa ya rasa yawancin yarantakarsa, kuma ya bayyana cewa sau da yawa yana kuka daga kaɗaici. Ya musanta jita-jita na tabloid cewa ya sayi ƙasusuwan Mutumin Gishiri, ya kwanta a cikin ɗakin iskar oxygen, ko kuma ya wanke fatarsa, kuma ya bayyana a karon farko cewa yana da vitiligo. Bayan hira, Dangerous ya sake shiga cikin jerin kundin Amurka a saman 10, fiye da shekara guda bayan da aka saki shi.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}}Tattaunawar ta zama hira ta talabijin da aka fi kallo a tarihin Amurka har zuwa yau, tare da masu kallo sama da miliyan 90. A watan Janairun 1993, Jackson ya lashe lambar yabo ta Amurka sau uku: Mafi kyawun Pop / Rock Album (Dangerous), Mafi kyawun Soul / R & B Single ("Ka tuna da Lokaci"), kuma ya zama mai karɓar lambar yabo ta farko ta International Artist Award of Excellence . A watan Fabrairu, ya sami lambar yabo ta "Living Legend Award" a 35th Annual Grammy Awards a Los Angeles . <ref name="grammy mj" /> Ya halarci bikin tare da Brooke Shields . An zabi Dangerous don Mafi kyawun Ayyukan Murya (don "Black ko White"), Mafi kyawun R & B Vocal Performance ("Jam"), da Mafi Kyawun R & B Song ("Jam), kuma Bruce Swedien da Teddy Riley sun lashe kyautar Grammy don Mafi Kyawun Injiniya - Ba na gargajiya ba.<ref name="Bruce" /> A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an yaba da Dangerous a matsayin babban nasarar da Jackson ya samu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: Dangerous |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/22044-dangerous/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527061951/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/22044-dangerous/ |archive-date=May 27, 2018 |access-date=November 23, 2019 |website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson's Dangerous |url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/michael-jacksons-dangerous-9781623566319/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328011606/http://bloomsbury.com/us/michael-jacksons-dangerous-9781623566319/ |archive-date=March 28, 2017 |access-date=December 1, 2019 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2009]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Articles with hAudio microformats]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] p5a71gtlqqhcok7rlgxoue0zwo1vy2o 961591 961580 2026-10-01T21:28:59Z Baffa ali 47435 961591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Michael Joseph Jackson''' (Agusta 29, 1958 - Yuni 25, 2009) mawaki ne na Amurka, marubuci, mai rawa, kuma mai taimakon jama'a. An yi masa lakabi da " '''Sarkin Pop''' ", ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutane a al'ada a ƙarni na 20. Nasarorin da ya samu a fannin wakokinsa sun karya shingen launin fata na Amurka kuma sun sanya shi ya zama fitaccen mutum a duniya . Ta hanyar waƙoƙinsa, bidiyon kiɗansa, kade-kade, da salon zamani, ya sauya yanayin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin waƙoƙin da aka fi sani, yana ƙara shahara a cikin rawar titi kamar su wasan moonwalk, robot, da kuma rawar da ba ta da nauyi . Ana ɗaukar Jackson a matsayin mafi kyawun mai nishadantarwa a kowane lokaci. {{Refn|Attributed to multiple sources:<ref>{{Cite news |last=Villarreal |first=Yvonne |date=June 29, 2009 |title=Remembering Michael Jackson: 'The Greatest Entertainer of All Time' |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-jun-29-et-jackson-tribute29-story.html |access-date=January 16, 2025 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=December 6, 2022 |title=Michael Jackson Was The Most Influential Entertainer Of The 20th Century & Shaped The Future Of Music, Dance & Film |url=https://okmagazine.com/p/michael-jackson-influential-entertainer-20th-century/ |access-date=December 24, 2024 |magazine=[[OK!]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Satariano |first=Adam |date=July 8, 2009 |title=Family, Fans Mourn Jackson at Site of Final Rehearsal |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2009-07-08/family-fans-mourn-jackson-at-site-of-final-rehearsal |access-date=January 16, 2025 |agency=[[Bloomberg News]] |quote="the greatest entertainer that ever lived." |archive-date=November 14, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251114023315/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2009-07-08/family-fans-mourn-jackson-at-site-of-final-rehearsal |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Bennett |first=Jessica |date=December 31, 2024 |title=The Greatest Live Performer Of Every Decade, 1950-Present |url=https://www.vibe.com/lists/greatest-live-performer-every-decade-1950-present/ |access-date=January 16, 2025 |magazine=[[Vibe (magazine)|Vibe]] |quote=Widely considered the greatest performer of all time, Michael Jackson}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ratliff |first=Michaela |date=August 29, 2024 |title='The greatest artist who ever lived': Michael Jackson leaves impact 15 years after death |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/greatest-artist-ever-lived-michael-195539668.html |access-date=January 16, 2025 |agency=[[Yahoo News]] |archive-date=January 27, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250127005129/https://www.yahoo.com/news/greatest-artist-ever-lived-michael-195539668.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=June 5, 2010 |title=Michael Jackson Immortalized |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-best-michael-jackson-songs-22188/ |access-date=December 25, 2024 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |quote=Michael Jackson, the greatest pop artist that ever lived |archive-date=September 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929202440/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-best-michael-jackson-songs-22188/ |url-status=live}}</ref>|group=nb}} Jackson, wanda shi ne mutum na takwas cikin yara goma a cikin dangin Jackson, ya fara bayyana a bainar jama'a yana da shekaru shida a matsayin babban mawaƙin Jackson 5 . Ya fara fitowa a matsayin fitaccen mawaki a fim ɗin ''Off the Wall'' (1979) kuma ya sami nasarar da ba a taɓa gani ba a duniya tare da ''Thriller'' (1982), wanda ya zama kundin waƙoƙi mafi sayarwa a tarihi. Bidiyon kiɗan " Thriller ", " Beat It ", da " Billie Jean " sun sake fasalta hanyar. ''Bad'' (1987) shine kundin farko da ya samar da waƙoƙi guda biyar na Amurka <nowiki><i id="mwOg">na Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100 masu lamba ɗaya: " I Just Can't Stop Loving You ", " Bad ", " The Way You Make Me Feeling ", " Man in the Mirror ", da " Dirty Diana ". ''Dangerous'' (1991) da ''HIStory'' (1995) suma sun yi nasara. Kundin wakokin Jackson na ƙarshe, <nowiki><i id="mwRQ">Invincible</i></nowiki> (2001), shine mafi tsada da aka taɓa yi . Daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980, Jackson ya zo karkashin binciken jama'a saboda dangantakarsa, salon rayuwa, da [[Lafiya da bayyanar Michael Jackson|canza bayyanar]]. an zarge shi da cin zarafin yaro a 1993 kuma ya zauna a waje da kotu a 1994. A shekara ta 2005, an yi masa shari'a kuma an wanke shi a kan wasu tuhume-tuhumen cin zarafin yara. Yayinda yake shirya don This Is It, jerin kide-kide na dawowa, ya mutu a shekara ta 2009 daga wuce gona da iri na propofol wanda likitansa, Conrad Murray ya gudanar. Mutuwarsa ta haifar da hauhawar da ba a taɓa gani ba a cikin zirga-zirgar intanet da kuma hauhawar tallace-tallace na kiɗa. Sakamakon Jackson bayan mutuwarsa sun hada da shirin Michael Jackson's This Is It (2009) da kuma kundin Michael (2010) da ''Xscape'' (2014). Shirin fim din Leaving Neverland na 2019 ya ba da cikakken bayani game da zargin cin zarafin yara a kan Jackson. Jackson yana daya daga cikin masu fasahar kiɗa mafi kyawun kowane lokaci, tare da kimanin tallace-tallace na fiye da miliyan 500 a duk duniya a matsayin mai zane-zane.{{Refn|The estimates of Michael Jackson's sales often vary up to 1{{nbsp}}billion records worldwide.<ref>{{cite news |title=Billboard Music Awards 2014: Michael Jackson hologram steals the show |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=May 19, 2014 |access-date=June 30, 2024 |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/michael-jackson/10840106/Billboard-Music-Awards-2014-Michael-Jackson-hologram-steals-the-show.html |archive-date=June 6, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606193639/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/michael-jackson/10840106/Billboard-Music-Awards-2014-Michael-Jackson-hologram-steals-the-show.html}} {{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/new-michael-jackson-song_n_5250500 |title=New Michael Jackson Song, 'Love Never Felt So Good,' Features Justin Timberlake |newspaper=[[HuffPost]] |agency=Reuters |date=May 1, 2014 |access-date=June 30, 2024 |archive-date=September 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915165131/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/new-michael-jackson-song_n_5250500 |url-status=live}}</ref>|group=nb}} Har ila yau, yana ɗaya daga cikin mawaƙa uku, tare da Paul McCartney da [[Phil collins|Phil Collins]], waɗanda suka sayar da fiye da miliyan 100 a matsayin mai zane-zane da kuma babban memba na ƙungiyar. &nbsp;Ya zira kwallaye 13 a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100 kuma shine kawai mai zane da ke da saman goma na Amurka a cikin shekaru sittin. Kyaututtuka sun hada da Grammy Awards 13, Grammy Legend Award, Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, 26 American Music Awards, 12 World Music Awards, 8 MTV Video Music Awards, 6 Brit Awards, da 3 US shugabancin girmamawa. An shigar da shi cikin Rock da Roll Hall of Fame sau biyu, da kuma Songwriters Hall of Fame da Dance Hall of Fame. Bayan ya ba da gudummawar kimanin dala miliyan 500, an yaba wa Jackson da saita ma'auni don aikin agaji na shahararrun mutane. Fim din Michael na 2026 shine Fim din tarihin rayuwa mafi girma a kowane lokaci, yayin da kundin kiɗa na Jackson ya kasance mafi kyawun siyarwa ga kowane mawaƙi. == Rayuwa da aiki == === Rayuwa ta farko da Jackson 5 (1958-1975) === [[File:Michael_Jackson's_birth_house_in_Gary_Indiana.jpg|left|thumb|Gidan yarinta na Jackson a Gary, Indiana, a cikin 2014]] An haifi Michael Joseph Jackson a ranar 29 ga watan Agusta, 1958, a Gary, Indiana. <ref name="allmusic">{{Cite web |last=Huey |first=Steve |title=Michael Jackson – Artist Biography |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-jackson-mn0000467203/biography |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150507080746/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-jackson-mn0000467203/biography |archive-date=May 7, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 24, 2014 |title=Michael Jackson: 10 Achievements That Made Him The King of Pop |url=https://www.grammy.com/blogs/michael-jackson-10-achievements-that-made-him-the-king-of-pop |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215072653/https://www.grammy.com/blogs/michael-jackson-10-achievements-that-made-him-the-king-of-pop |archive-date=February 15, 2017 |access-date=October 20, 2016 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref> Shi ne na takwas cikin yara goma a cikin Iyalin Jackson, dangin ma'aikata na Afirka da ke zaune a cikin Gida mai dakuna biyu a kan titin Jackson.{{Sfn|Jackson|2009}}{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Mahaifiyarsa, Katherine Jackson (née Scruse), Mashawarcin Jehovah, ta buga clarinet, cello, da piano; ta yi burin zama mai wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa da yamma, kuma ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a Sears.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Mahaifinsa, Joe Jackson, tsohon ɗan dambe ne kuma mai aiki a US Steel, wanda kuma ya buga guitar ga ƙungiyar rhythm da blues ta Falcons.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Ta hanyar mahaifinsa, Michael yana da asalin asalin Amurka (Choctaw); kakansa, Isra'ila Nero Jackson, ya yi amfani da kuma sayar da maganin gargajiya na asali, aikin da ya wuce daga mahaifinsa, Yuli "Jack" Gale, ɗan leƙen asirin Sojojin Amurka wanda ya auri Baƙar fata mai suna Gina kafin Yaƙin basasa. Michael yana da 'yan'uwa mata uku - Rebbie, La Toya, da [[Janet Jackson|Janet]] - da' yan'uwa maza biyar Jackie, [[Tito Jackson|Tito]], Jermaine, Marlon, da Randy.<ref name="Obit Guardian" /> Ɗan'uwa na shida, Brandon, tagwayen Marlon, ya mutu jim kadan bayan haihuwa. Michael da Marlon sun shiga Jackson Brothers a shekarar 1964, ƙungiyar da mahaifinsu suka kafa wacce ta riga ta hada da Jackie, Tito, da Jermaine. Da farko sun yi aiki a matsayin masu kiɗa na madadin, suna wasa [[Conga|congas]] da tambarin. Michael daga baya ya ce mahaifinsa ya wulakanta shi a jiki da motsin rai, yana tunawa da cewa a lokacin maimaitawa Joe sau da yawa yana zaune tare da bel a hannunsa, a shirye ya hukunta kurakurai.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}Joe ya yarda cewa yana yi masa bulala a kai a kai. Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, da Marlon sun musanta cewa mahaifinsu yana da zalunci, suna cewa bulala - Michael ya ji da yawa saboda shi ƙarami ne - ya ci gaba da horar da kungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jackson Brothers: Was Joe Jackson Abusive? |url=https://celebrity.yahoo.com/video/jackson-brothers-joe-jackson-abusive-170000051.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522073344/https://celebrity.yahoo.com/video/jackson-brothers-joe-jackson-abusive-170000051.html |archive-date=May 22, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Yahoo Celebrity]]}}</ref> Michael ya bayyana matashiyarsa a matsayin mai kaɗaici.{{Sfn|Young|2009}} A ƙarshen 1965, Michael ya fara raba murya tare da Jermaine, kuma an canza sunan kungiyar zuwa Jackson 5. Sun lashe wasan kwaikwayo na baiwa a wannan shekarar inda Michael ya yi rawa ga "Barefootin'" na Robert Parker kuma ya raira "My Girl".{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Daga 1966 zuwa 1968, Jackson 5 ya zagaya a ko'ina cikin Midwest, yana yin akai-akai a kan Chitlin' Circuit a matsayin aikin buɗewa ga masu fasaha kamar Sam & Dave, O'Jays, Gladys Knight, da Etta James. Sun kuma yi wasan kwaikwayo a cikin kulob da wuraren shakatawa waɗanda ke nuna wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma a cikin ɗakunan taro na gida da kuma raye-raye na makarantar sakandare.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}A watan Agustan 1967, yayin da suke yawon shakatawa a Gabashin Gabas, sun lashe gasar dare ta mako-mako a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Apollo a Harlem.{{Sfn|Young|2009}} [[File:The_Jackson_5_1972.JPG|left|thumb|Jackson (tsakiya) a matsayin memba da Jackson 5 a shekarar 1972. Kungiyar ta kasance daga cikin 'yan wasan Afirka na farko da suka sami babban mabiya.]] Jackson 5 sun rubuta waƙoƙi da yawa don lakabin Gary na Steeltown Records, sun saki waƙoƙin su na farko, "Big Boy", a cikin 1968.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Bobby Taylor na Bobby Taylor & the Vancouvers ya kawo kungiyar zuwa [[Motown]] bayan sun buɗe masa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Regal na Chicago a wannan shekarar. Taylor ta samar da wasu daga cikin rikodin Motown na farko, gami da sigar "Who's Lovin' You". Bayan sanya hannu tare da Motown, iyalin Jackson sun koma Los Angeles.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A shekara ta 1969, shugabannin Motown sun yanke shawarar cewa [[Diana Ross]] za ta gabatar da Jackson 5 ga jama'a - wani bangare don tallafawa aikinta na talabijin - ƙaddamar da abin da aka ɗauka samfurin Motown na ƙarshe na "layin samarwa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Harper |first=Phillip Brian |date=Winter 1989 |title=Synesthesia, 'Crossover,' and Blacks in Popular Music |journal=[[Social Text]] |issue=23 |page=110 |doi=10.2307/466423 |jstor=466423}}</ref> Kungiyar ta fara fitowa a talabijin a wannan shekarar a gasar Miss Black America, inda ta rufe "It's Your Thing". Rolling Stone daga baya ya bayyana saurayi Michael a matsayin "mai ban mamaki" tare da "kyautar kiɗa mai yawa" wanda da sauri ya zama babban jan hankali na ƙungiyar kuma jagorar mawaƙa. A watan Janairun 1970, "I Want You Back" ya zama na farko na Jackson 5 don isa lamba daya a kan <nowiki><i id="mwAUA">Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100, ya kasance a saman makonni hudu. Ƙarin waƙoƙi uku na Motown - "ABC", "The Love You Save", da "I'll Be There" - suma sun kai lamba ɗaya. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1971, dangin Jackson sun koma wani babban gida a kan Hayvenhurst Avenue, wani yanki na {{Convert|2|acre}} a Encino, California.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A wannan lokacin, Michael ya ci gaba daga ɗan wasan kwaikwayo zuwa gunkin matasa.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Tsakanin 1972 da 1975, ya fitar da kundin studio guda hudu tare da Motown: Got to Be There (1972), ''Ben'' (1972), Music & Me (1973), da Forever, Michael (1975). "Got to Be There" da "Ben", waƙoƙin taken daga waƙoƙinsa na farko guda biyu, an sayar da su da kyau a matsayin mutane, kamar yadda ya rufe Bobby Day na "Rockin' Robin".{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}} Michael ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da Jackson 5. Daga baya aka bayyana kungiyar a matsayin "a cutting-upper misali na baki crossover artists". Sun yi takaici da ƙin Motown ya ba su ƙwarewar ƙira. Ayyukan Michael na manyan biyar "Dancing Machine" a kan Soul Train ya taimaka wajen fadada rawa na robot.{{Sfn|St John|2004}}{{Sfn|Mansour|2005}} === Ka matsa zuwa Epic da ''Daga Ganuwar'' (1975-1981) === [[File:Michael_Jackson,_Diana_Ross,_Quincy_Jones,_"Diana"_(1981_CBS_press_photo).jpg|thumb|Jackson (hagu) da [[Quincy Jones]] (dama) sun bayyana tare da [./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Diana_Ross" id="mwAYk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Diana Ross">Diana Ross] a kan ta na musamman, Diana, a watan Maris 1981.]] Jackson 5 sun bar Motown a 1975, sun sanya hannu tare da Epic Records kuma sun sake suna Jacksons.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Huey |first=Steve |title=The Jackson 5 – Artist Biography |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-jackson-5-mn0000083013/biography |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614154543/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-jackson-5-mn0000083013/biography |archive-date=June 14, 2020 |access-date=April 8, 2019 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> Yayan su Randy ya shiga ƙungiyar a wannan lokacin, yayin da Jermaine ya kasance tare da Motown don neman aikin solo.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Jacksons sun ci gaba da yawon shakatawa a duniya kuma sun saki wasu kundi shida tsakanin 1976 da 1984. Michael, babban marubucin waƙoƙin ƙungiyar a wannan lokacin, ya rubuta waƙoƙi kamar "Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground) " (1978), "This Place Hotel" (1980), da kuma "Can You Feel It" (1980). <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Jackson 5 Biography |url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/the-jackson-five/bio/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331180213/https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/the-jackson-five/bio |archive-date=March 31, 2019 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 1977, Jackson ya koma [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]] don ya fito a matsayin Scarecrow a cikin The ''Wiz'', fim din kiɗa wanda Sidney Lumet ya jagoranta kuma ya ƙunshi [[Diana Ross]], Nipsey Russell, da Ted Ross. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gibron |first=Bill |date=July 7, 2009 |title=You Can't Win Michael Jackson and 'The Wiz' |url=https://www.popmatters.com/feature/107586-you-cant-win-michael-jackson-and-the-wiz/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730230644/http://www.popmatters.com/feature/107586-you-cant-win-michael-jackson-and-the-wiz/ |archive-date=July 30, 2017 |access-date=May 10, 2017 |website=[[PopMatters]]}}</ref> Fim din ya gaza a ofishin akwatin.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}[[Quincy Jones]] ne ya shirya sa, wanda daga baya ya samar da kundi uku na solo na Jackson. {{Sfn|Bronson|2003}} A lokacin da yake New York, Jackson ya saba zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Studio 54, inda ya ji hip-hop na farko; wannan ya rinjayi beatboxing dinsa a kan waƙoƙi na baya kamar "Working Day and Night". Jackson ta biyar solo album kuma na farko a matsayin babba, Off the Wall (1979), ya kafa shi a matsayin solo player kuma ya nuna canjinsa daga bubblegum pop na ƙuruciyarsa zuwa mafi rikitarwa sauti.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Kundin ya samar da shigarwa hudu a saman 10 a Amurka: "A waje da Wall", "Ta fita daga Rayuwata", da kuma taswirar taswirar "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa" da "Rock tare da Kai". Off the Wall ya kai lamba ta uku a kan <nowiki><i id="mwAc8">Billboard</i></nowiki> 200 kuma ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 20 a duk duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: Off The Wall |url=https://www.virginmedia.com/music/classicalbums/michaeljackson-offthewall.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701200501/https://www.virginmedia.com/music/classicalbums/michaeljackson-offthewall.php |archive-date=July 1, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Virgin Media]]}}</ref> {{Spaces}}Jackson ya lashe kyautar Grammy don Mafi kyawun R & B Vocal Performance na 1979 tare da "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa".<ref name="grammy mj">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Michael Jackson |url=https://www.grammy.com/artists/michael-jackson/13202 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117085231/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/michael-jackson |archive-date=November 17, 2017 |access-date=April 7, 2019 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref> A American Music Awards a farkon shekarun 1980, ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Single don "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa", kyaututtuka biyu a jere don Soul / R&B Album da aka fi so, da kuma Soul / R/B Male Artist . A shekara ta 1981, ya sake lashe lambar yabo ta Amurka don Kyautar Soul / R & B da Kyautar Soul/R & B Maza Mai Kyau. Jackson ya ji cewa Off the Wall ya kamata ya sami babban tasiri kuma ya ƙuduri aniyar wuce tsammanin tare da sakin sa na gaba.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A shekara ta 1980, ya sami mafi girman kuɗin sarauta a masana'antar kiɗa: kashi 37 cikin dari na ribar kundin.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}} === Thriller, ''Motown 25: jiya, Yau, Har abada'' da abin da ya faru na Pepsi (1981-1984) === [[File:Michael_Jackson_moonwalk_Motown_25_excerpt.ogv|thumbtime=0:10|thumb|Jackson demonstrating the moonwalk on the 1983 television special ''Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever'', which helped popularize the move]] Daga 1981 zuwa 1983, Jackson ya rubuta demos na "State of Shock", "Victory" da "There Must Be More to Life Than This" tare da jagoran Sarauniya [[Freddie Mercury]] don shirin kundin duet. Ba a kammala aikin ba; daga baya aka rubuta "State of Shock" tare da Mick Jagger don kundin Jacksons Victory (1984), kuma "There Must Be More to Life Than This" an sake shi bayan mutuwarsa a cikin 2014. A shekara ta 1982, Jackson ya ba da gudummawa ga "Wani a cikin Duhu" ga littafin sauti don fim din ET the Extra-Terrestrial . An saki kundi na shida na Jackson, Thriller, a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1982. Ya kasance kundin da aka fi sayarwa a duk duniya a 1983 <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 20, 1983 |title=Michael: He's Not Just the Rock Star of the Year, He's the Rock Star of the '80s |url=https://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB296D5B072064E&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904180807/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB296D5B072064E&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |archive-date=September 4, 2011 |access-date=July 5, 2010}}</ref> kuma daga ƙarshe ya zama kundin da akafi sayarwa a kowane lokaci a Amurka da kuma duniya baki daya, tare da kimanin miliyan 70 da aka sayar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamond Awards |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=T1A#search_section |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216154105/https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=DA#search_section |archive-date=February 16, 2017 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Crookes |first=Del |date=May 4, 2012 |title=Adele's 21 overtakes sales of Thriller in UK album list |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-17935650 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611174537/https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-17935650 |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |access-date=July 2, 2021 |website=[[Newsbeat]]}}</ref> Ya hau kan ''Billboard'' 200 na makonni 37 kuma ya kasance a saman ginshiƙi 10 na makonni 80 a jere. Thriller ya zama kundi na farko don samar da manyan mutane goma guda bakwai a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100, gami da lambar daya "Billie Jean" da "Beat It".{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}} A ranar 25 ga Maris, 1983, Jackson ya sake haɗuwa da 'yan uwansa don ''Motown 25: jiya, Yau, Har abada'', wani talabijin na NBC na musamman wanda aka watsa a ranar 16 ga Mayu ga kimanin masu sauraro miliyan 47. Ayyukan Jackson na solo na "Billie Jean" ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Emmy ta farko. Yana sanye da safofin hannu mai cike da rhinestone, ya fara tafiya a wata - wanda Jeffrey Daniel ya koya masa shekaru uku da suka gabata - wanda ya zama sa hannu na rawa. Jackson da farko ya ki gayyatar, yana gaskata cewa yana yin talabijin da yawa, amma ya amince da yin aiki a buƙatar wanda ya kafa Motown Berry Gordy don musayar wuri ɗaya.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Ayyukansa sun sami yabo sosai: Mikal Gilmore na Rolling Stone ya kira shi "mai ban mamaki", kuma mai sukar The New York Times Anna Kisselgoff ya yaba da lokacin da dabarar rawa, yayin da Gordy ya ce an "masu banƙyama".{{Sfn|Young|2009}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Berry Gordy Addresses Michael Jackson Memorial Service |url=https://www.hark.com/clips/lxbvwzgnms-berry-gordy-addresses-michael-jackson-memorial-service |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509134117/https://www.hark.com/clips/lxbvwzgnms-berry-gordy-addresses-michael-jackson-memorial-service |archive-date=May 9, 2013 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=Hark}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson_with_Grammy_Awards_in_1984.jpg|left|thumb|Jackson a Grammy Awards na 26, inda ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, ya karya rikodin mafi yawan nasarori a cikin dare ɗaya]] A 26th Annual Grammy Awards, Jackson ya sami gabatarwa 12 - mafi yawa a cikin dare ɗaya a lokacin (daga baya an ɗaure shi da Babyface) - kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, ya karya rikodin don mafi yawan nasarori a cikin dare guda (daga baya Santana ya ɗaure shi). <ref name="grammy mj" /> Thriller ya sami gabatarwa 13, mafi yawa ga kowane kundi, kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, gami da Best Engineered Recording (Ba na gargajiya ba) don aikin Bruce Swedien. Jackson ya lashe kyaututtuka bakwai da suka danganci kundin, gami da Album of the Year for Thriller da Record of the Year don "Beat It", kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ga ET the Extra-Terrestrial storybook . <ref name="grammy mj" /> A 11th Annual American Music Awards, Jackson ya lashe wasu kyaututtuka takwas kuma ya zama ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mafi ƙanƙanta da ya karɓi Kyautar Kyauta. Ya kuma lashe kyautar Maza Mai Farin Ciki, Mai Farin R & B Mai Farin Diki, da Mai Farin Pop / Rock Mai Farin. "Beat It" ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Video, Pop / Rock Video, da Pop / Rock Single. Kundin ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Album da Pop / Rock Album.<ref name="Awards 1984" /> Tallace-tallace na Thriller sun ninka sau biyu bayan fitowar bidiyon kiɗa mai tsawo don waƙarsa ta taken, wanda ke nuna Jackson yana rawa tare da ƙungiyar zombies. Nasarar ta canza Jackson zuwa babban karfi a cikin al'adun gargajiya na duniya, kuma kundin "ya ci nasara a rabuwa da launin fata". Yana da mafi girman darajar sarauta a masana'antar kiɗa a wannan lokacin, yana samun kusan $ 2 ga kowane kundin da aka sayar (daidai da $ 6 ), kuma yana samun riba mai ban mamaki. A cikin wannan shekarar, The Making of Michael Jackson's Thriller, wani shirin fim game da bidiyon kiɗa, ya lashe Grammy don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo na Kiɗa (Longform). <ref name="grammy mj" /> ''Lokaci'' ya bayyana tasirin Jackson a lokacin a matsayin "tauraron rikodin, rediyo, bidiyon dutse. Kungiyar ceto ta mutum ɗaya don kasuwancin kiɗa. Marubucin waƙa wanda ya saita bugun na shekaru goma. Mai rawa tare da ƙafafu mafi kyau a kan titi. Mawakin da ke yanke duk iyakokin dandano da salon da launi ma.<ref name="Time" />The New York Times ya rubuta, "a cikin duniyar kiɗa, akwai Michael Jackson kuma akwai kowa da kowa". Jackson da 'yan uwansa sun yi haɗin gwiwa tare da PepsiCo a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1983 don yarjejeniyar tallace-tallace ta dala miliyan 5, inda suka kafa sabon rikodin don amincewar shahararrun mutane (daidai da dala miliyan 16.2 a shekarar 2025). {{Spaces}}Kamfen na farko na [[Pepsi]], wanda ya gudana a Amurka daga 1983 zuwa 1984 kuma ya ƙaddamar da taken "Sabon Zamani" na kamfanin, ya haɗa da tallafawa yawon shakatawa, abubuwan da suka faru na hulɗa da jama'a, da nune-nunen cikin shagon. Jackson ya taimaka wajen kirkirar talla kuma ya ba da shawarar amfani da waƙarsa "Billie Jean", tare da sake fasalin kalmomin, a matsayin jingle. [[File:The_Jacksons_Victory_Tour_by_Michael_Goulding_Nov_30_1984_2.jpg|right|thumb|Jackson yana aiki tare da Jacksons a [[Los Angeles]] a lokacin Victory Tour a 1984]] A ranar 27 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1984, Michael da sauran mambobin Jacksons sun yi fim din tallace-tallace na Pepsi a Shrine Auditorium a Los Angeles, wanda Phil Dusenberry ke kula da shi, babban jami'in tallace-kallace na BBDO, da Alan Pottasch, Darakta na Pepsi na Duniya. A lokacin wasan kwaikwayo na kwaikwayon a gaban cikakken masu sauraro, pyrotechnics ba zato ba tsammani ya sa gashin Jackson a wuta, wanda ya haifar da [[ƙonewa]] na biyu ga gashin kansa. Ya sami magani don ɓoye alamun kuma ya sami rhinoplasty na uku jim kadan bayan haka. Pepsi ya zauna a waje da kotu, kuma Jackson ya ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 1.5 (daidai da dala miliyan 4.6 a 2025) ga Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Brotman a Culver City, California; Cibiyar Michael Jackson Burn da aka rufe yanzu an sanya masa suna don girmama shi.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}{{Spaces}}Jackson ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya ta biyu tare da Pepsi a ƙarshen shekarun 1980 don dala miliyan 10 (daidai da dala miliyan 28.3 a cikin 2025). {{Spaces}}Yaƙin neman zaɓe na biyu ya rufe ƙasashe 20 kuma ya ba da tallafin kuɗi ga Jackson's Bad album da yawon shakatawa na duniya na 1987-1988. Jackson kuma yana da amincewa da yarjejeniyar talla tare da kamfanoni kamar LA Gear, Suzuki, da Sony, amma babu wanda ya kasance mai mahimmanci kamar yarjejeniyarsa da Pepsi. Yawon shakatawa na Nasara na 1984 ya jagoranci Jacksons kuma ya nuna sabon kayan solo na Jackson ga fiye da Amurkawa miliyan biyu. Wannan shi ne yawon shakatawa na karshe da ya yi tare da 'yan uwansa. Bayan jayayya game da sayar da tikitin kide-kide, Jackson ya ba da rabonsa na kuɗin da aka samu - wanda aka kiyasta ya kai dala miliyan 3 zuwa 5 - ga sadaka.<ref name="Humanitarian">{{Cite web |last=Vogel |first=Joseph |author-link=Joseph Vogel (author) |date=September 24, 2017 |title=Michael Jackson's Forgotten Humanitarian Legacy |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/michael-jacksons-forgotten-humanitarian-legacy_b_59c7c8d3e4b08d661550436a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108075919/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/michael-jacksons-forgotten-humanitarian-legacy_b_59c7c8d3e4b08d661550436a |archive-date=November 8, 2021 |access-date=December 1, 2021 |website=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> A lokacin wasan kwaikwayo na karshe na Victory Tour a Filin wasa na Dodger a Los Angeles, Jackson ya sanar da rabuwa da Jacksons a lokacin "Shake Your Body". === "Mu ne Duniya" da sauran ayyukan kasuwanci (1985) === [[File:Michael_Jackson_autographing_'We_Are_The_World'_posters_1985.jpg|thumb|Jackson ya sanya hannu kan hoton "Mu ne Duniya" a shekarar 1985]] Tare da Lionel Richie, Jackson ya rubuta waƙar sadaka "We Are the World" (1985), wanda ya tara kuɗi ga matalauta a Amurka da Afirka.<ref name="WATW">{{Cite web |title=Past Winners Search: "We Are the World" |url=https://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=&field_nominee_work_value=%22We+Are+The+World%22&year=All&genre=All |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416205907/http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=&field_nominee_work_value=%22We+Are+The+World%22&year=All&genre=All |archive-date=April 16, 2014 |access-date=January 29, 2014 |publisher=The Recording Academy}}</ref><ref name="jdoyle">{{Cite web |last=Doyle |first=Jack |date=July 7, 2009 |title="Michael & McCartney": 1980s–2009 |url=https://www.pophistorydig.com/topics/michael-mccartney-1980s-2009/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150613002206/http://www.pophistorydig.com/topics/michael-mccartney-1980s-2009/ |archive-date=June 13, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=The Pop History Dig}}</ref> Ya sami dala miliyan 63 (daidai da dala miliyan 189 a cikin 2025), kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin Mafi kyawun sayarwa na kowane lokaci, tare da sayar da kwafin miliyan 20. <ref name="jdoyle" /> {{Spaces}}{{Spaces}}Ya lashe Grammy Awards hudu a 1985, ciki har da Song of the Year ga Jackson da Richie . <ref name="WATW" /> Jackson, Jones, da mai gabatarwa Ken Kragen sun sami kyaututtuka na musamman saboda rawar da suka taka a cikin waƙar. <ref name="WATW" /> {{Sfn|Campbell|1993}}{{Sfn|Young|2009}} Jackson ya yi aiki tare da Paul McCartney a farkon shekarun 1980 kuma ya koyi cewa McCartney yana samun dala miliyan 40 a shekara daga mallakar haƙƙin waƙoƙin wasu masu fasaha.<ref name="jdoyle" /> {{Spaces}}A shekara ta 1983, Jackson ya fara sayen haƙƙin bugawa ga waƙoƙin wasu, amma ya zaɓi abubuwan da ya samu, yana ba da kuɗi kaɗan daga cikin littattafan da aka ba shi. Jackson ya sayi kundin kiɗa da haƙƙin mallaka na waƙa, kamar tarin [[Sly Stone]], sun haɗa da "Mutanen yau da kullun" (1968), Len Barry's "1-2-3" (1965), da Dion DiMucci's "The Wanderer" (1961) da "Runaround Sue" (1961). A shekara ta 1984, Robert Holmes a Kotun ya sanar da cewa yana sayar da kundin ATV Music Publishing, wanda ya ƙunshi haƙƙin bugawa ga kusan waƙoƙi 4,000, gami da mafi yawan kayan [[The Beatles|Beatles]]. A cikin 1981, an ba McCartney kundin don fam miliyan 20 ($ miliyan 40) (daidai da dala miliyan 142 a cikin 2025). <ref name="jdoyle" /><ref name="mcca atv">{{Cite web |date=November 13, 2010 |title=Paul McCartney refused an offer to buy the ATV Catalog for £20 million ($40 million) |url=https://mjjinfo.blogspot.fr/2010/11/paul-mccartney-refused-to-buy-atv.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529221446/http://mjjinfo.blogspot.fr/2010/11/paul-mccartney-refused-to-buy-atv.html |archive-date=May 29, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=Mjjinfo.blogspot.fr}}</ref> {{Spaces}}{{Spaces}}Jackson ya gabatar da tayin dala miliyan 46 (daidai da dala miliyan 143 a 2025) a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 1984.<ref name="hilburn" /> {{Spaces}}Lokacin da Jackson da McCartney ba su iya yin sayan hadin gwiwa ba, McCartney bai so ya zama mai mallakar waƙoƙin Beatles ba kuma bai bi tayin kansa ba.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}<ref name="mcca atv" />Wakilan Jackson ba su iya cimma yarjejeniya ba, kuma a watan Mayu 1985 sun bar tattaunawar bayan sun kashe fiye da dala miliyan 1 da watanni hudu a kan aikin da ya dace.<ref name="hilburn" />{{Spaces}} A watan Yunin 1985, Jackson da Branca sun koyi cewa Charles Koppelman da Martin Bandier's The Entertainment Company sun yi ƙoƙari su sayi ATV Music na dala miliyan 50. {{Spaces}}A farkon watan Agusta, Holmes a Kotun ya tuntubi Jackson kuma an ci gaba da tattaunawa. An karɓi karuwar tayin Jackson na dala miliyan 47.5 (daidai da dala miliyan 142 a 2025) saboda zai iya rufe yarjejeniyar da sauri, bayan ya riga ya kammala aikin da ya dace. {{Spaces}}Jackson ya amince ya ziyarci Holmes à Court a Ostiraliya, inda zai bayyana a Channel Seven Perth Telethon . An kammala sayen ATV Music a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, 1985. <ref name="hilburn" /><ref name="jdoyle" /> === Ƙarin hasashe na tabloid (1986-1987) === Fata na Jackson ya kasance matsakaici-launin launin ruwan kasa a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, amma daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980 ya zama mai laushi a hankali. Canjin ya jawo yaduwar kafofin watsa labarai, gami da hasashe cewa yana wanke fata.{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}}{{Sfn|Parameswaran|2011}}{{Sfn|DeMello|2012}}Likitan jikinsa, Arnold Klein, ya ce ya lura a 1983 cewa Jackson yana da [[vitiligo]], yanayin da ke nuna alamar fata da ke rasa launi. Ya kuma gano discoid lupus erythematosus a Jackson. Klein ya gano Jackson da lupus a wannan shekarar <ref name="Rosenberg" /> da kuma vitiligo a 1986. Babban tasirin Vitiligo akan jiki na iya haifar da damuwa ta hankali. Jackson ya yi amfani da kayan shafa masu launi mai kyau kuma mai yiwuwa cream mai tsabtace fata don rufe tabo da ba daidai ba wanda cutar ta haifar. Creams za su cire tabo, kuma tare da kayan shafa zai iya bayyana sosai.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Jackson ya ce bai yi wa fata fata ba kuma bai iya sarrafa vitiligo ba, ya kara da cewa, "Lokacin da mutane suka kirkiro labarun da ba na so in zama wanda ni ne, yana cutar da ni. " Ya zama abokantaka da mataimakin Klein da Klein, Debbie Rowe. Rowe daga baya ta zama matar Jackson ta biyu kuma mahaifiyar 'ya'yansa biyu na farko. Jackson ya tattauna a cikin tarihin kansa na 1988 da kuma hira da aka yi da shi a 1993 yana da tiyata biyu kawai da kuma tiyata a gemu. Ya ambaci rasa nauyi a farkon shekarun 1980 saboda canjin abincinsa don cimma jikin mai rawa.{{Sfn|Jackson|2009}}Shaidu sun ba da rahoton cewa sau da yawa yana da damuwa kuma ya yi hasashen cewa yana fama da [[Anorexia nervosa]]. Lokaci na asarar nauyi ya zama matsala mai maimaitawa daga baya a rayuwarsa.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Bayan Jackson ya mutu, mahaifiyarsa ta yi magana game da shi da farko ya juya zuwa hanyoyin kayan shafawa don magance vitiligo kuma ya guje wa kama da "mace mai tabo". Ta ce akwai fiye da tiyata biyu da ya yi iƙirarin, kuma ya yi hasashen cewa ɗanta ya zama mai jaraba da su. [[File:Michael_Jackson_with_Donna_Ashlock_1986_by_UPI_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Jackson tare da ɗanɗana Bubbles a cikin 1986]] An ruwaito a cikin shekara ta 1986 cewa Jackson ya kwanta a cikin ɗakin hyperbaric don jinkirta tsufa. Ya musanta labarin, kodayake an yi zargin cewa ya ɓoye hoton kansa yana barci a cikin ɗakin gilashi. Jackson ya ce harbi ne na gabatarwa daga wasan kwaikwayo na sararin samaniya mai zuwa wanda ke nuna shi, ''Kyaftin EO'', zuwa The National Enquirer . An kuma bayar da rahoton cewa ya sha allurar estrogen don kiyaye muryarsa da gashin fuska, ya ba [[Elizabeth Taylor]] kuma mai yiwuwa ya ajiye mata wuri mai tsarki, kuma an yi masa tiyata a idanunsa. Kocin Jackson Frank DiLeo ya musanta duk waɗannan da'awar sai dai don samun ɗakin. DiLeo ya kara da cewa, "Ban san ko yana barci a ciki ba. Ba ni da shi. Amma Michael yana tunanin wani abu ne mai yiwuwa yana da lafiya a gare shi. Yana da ɗan tsattsauran ra'ayi na lafiya". Lokacin da Jackson ya ɗauki ɗanɗansa Bubbles a kan yawon shakatawa a Japan, kafofin watsa labarai sun nuna shi a matsayin mai son wasan kwaikwayo na [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] wanda ya yi abokantaka da dabbobi. An kuma ruwaito cewa Jackson ya ba da shawarar sayen ƙasusuwan Joseph Merrick ("Mutumin Gishiri").{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A watan Yunin 1987, jaridar Chicago Tribune ta ba da rahoton cewa Jackson ya ba da dala miliyan 1 don kwarangwal daga Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Asibitin London a madadinsa. {{Spaces}}Kwalejin ta ci gaba da cewa kwarangwal ba don sayarwa ba ne. DiLeo ya ce Jackson yana da "sha'awar sha'awa" a cikin Merrick, "kawai bisa ga fahimtarsa game da muhimmancin ɗabi'a, kiwon lafiya da tarihi". Jackson ya yi aiki tare da George Lucas da Francis Ford Coppola a fim din 3D na minti 17, dala miliyan 30, ''Kyaftin EO'', wanda ya gudana daga 1986 a Disneyland da Epcot, sannan daga baya a Tokyo Disneyland da Yuro Disneyland . {{Spaces}}Bayan an cire shi a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, ya koma wurin shakatawa na shekaru da yawa bayan mutuwar Jackson.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 23, 2010 |title=Captain EO is Back to Change the World |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/02/23/captain-eo-is-back-to-change-the-world |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917171107/https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/02/23/captain-eo-is-back-to-change-the-world |archive-date=September 17, 2021 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=IGN}}</ref> A matsayinsa na Shaidar Jehovah, Jackson zai yi bishara daga kofa zuwa kofa yayin da yake sanye da tufafi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Waldman |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Waldman |date=July 6, 2009 |title=Michael Jackson on Religion, Celebrating the Sabbath and His Lost Childhood |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-SEB-3139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250903032746/https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-SEB-3139 |archive-date=September 3, 2025 |access-date=July 16, 2025 |website=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref> A shekara ta 1987, ''Ebony'' ya ba da rahoton cewa Jackson ya rabu da kansa daga Shaidun Jehovah.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url-status=143, 148–9}}</ref> Katherine Jackson ta ce wannan na iya kasancewa ne saboda wasu Shaidu sun yi tsayayya da bidiyon Thriller, wanda Michael ya yi tir da shi a cikin littafin Shaida a shekarar 1984. Duk da yake tsoffin mambobin galibi iyalansu suna guje wa su, mahaifiyar Jackson ta ci gaba da hulɗa da shi. A shekara ta 2001, Jackson ya gaya wa wani mai tambayoyin cewa har yanzu shi Shaidar Jehovah ne. === Bad, tarihin rayuwa da Neverland (1987-1990) === [[File:Michaeljacksonphoto_drewcohen.JPG|alt=A man is singing into a microphone under a spotlight. He wears a blue open-neck shirt over a white T-shirt, and dark pants. There are two colorfully-dressed men on either side of him.|left|thumb|Jackson (cibiyar) yana yin jerin rawa zuwa "The Way You Make Me Feel" a Bad World Tour a cikin 1988]] Jackson ya fitar da kundi na bakwai da ake tsammani, Bad, a ranar 31 ga watan Agusta, 1987. Bad ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 2.25 a cikin makon farko a Amurka, ya fara a lamba daya a kan ''Billboard'' 200, inda ya kasance na makonni shida.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 6, 1987 |title='Bad' Sales Not Bad, but Some Hoped for More |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-06-ca-12925-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720162129/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-06-ca-12925-story.html |archive-date=July 20, 2021 |access-date=July 20, 2021 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> Ya zama kundi na farko da ya samar da waƙoƙi guda biyar na Amurka: "Ba zan iya dakatar da ƙaunarka ba", "Bad", "Hanyar da za ku sa ni ji", "Mutum a cikin Mirror", da kuma "Dirty Diana". "Smooth Criminal" ya kai lamba bakwai. Bad ya lashe Grammy na 1988 don Mafi kyawun Rubuce-rubucen Injiniya - Ba na gargajiya ba da kuma Grammy na 1990 don Mafi kyawun Bidiyo na Kiɗa, gajeren tsari don "Bayar da Ni Ni kaɗai". <ref name="grammy mj" /> <ref name="Bruce">{{Cite web |title=Past Winners Search: Bruce Swedien |url=https://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=Bruce+Swedien&title=&year=All&genre=All |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718113434/http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=Bruce+Swedien&title=&year=All&genre=All |archive-date=July 18, 2011 |access-date=February 14, 2008 |publisher=The Recording Academy}}</ref> Jackson ya sami lambar yabo ta Achievement a American Music Awards a shekarar 1989 bayan Bad ya samar da mutane biyar masu lamba daya, ya zama kundi na farko da ya fara saman sigogi a kasashe 25, kuma shine kundin da aka fi sayarwa a duk duniya a shekarar 1987 da 1988. The Bad yawon shakatawa ya gudana daga Satumba 12, 1987, zuwa Janairu 27, 1989.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}A Japan, yana da sayarwa 14 kuma ya jawo mutane 570,000, kusan sau uku rikodin da ya gabata don yawon shakatawa guda ɗaya. Mutane 504,000 da suka halarci wasanni bakwai da aka sayar a Filin wasa na Wembley sun kafa sabon rikodin duniya na Guinness.<ref>{{Cite web |title=16 of Michael Jackson's Greatest Non-Musical Achievements |url=https://brainz.org/16-michael-jacksons-greatest-non-musical-achievements |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626164913/https://brainz.org/16-michael-jacksons-greatest-non-musical-achievements/ |archive-date=June 26, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=Brainz.org}}</ref> Bad cemented Jackson matsayin a matsayin mai rinjaye na kiɗa; kundin ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 35 a duk duniya, ya sanya shi cikin kundin da aka fi sayarwa a kowane lokaci. <ref name="k923">{{Cite web |last=Stevens |first=Tom |date=August 14, 2017 |title=Michael Jackson's Bad at 30: share your favourite albums of 1987 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/aug/14/michael-jacksons-bad-at-30-share-your-favourite-albums-of-1987 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204121206/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/aug/14/michael-jacksons-bad-at-30-share-your-favourite-albums-of-1987 |archive-date=December 4, 2017 |access-date=August 25, 2025 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=July 27, 2022 |title=The 25 Best-Selling Albums of All Time |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/music/best-selling-albums/the-best-selling-albums-of-all-time |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812154943/https://www.pastemagazine.com/music/best-selling-albums/the-best-selling-albums-of-all-time |archive-date=August 12, 2025 |access-date=August 25, 2025 |website=[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]]}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson1_1988.jpg|thumb|Jackson performing in [[Vienna]] in July 1988]] A watan Maris na shekara ta 1988, Jackson ya sayi kadada ,700 (11 ) na ƙasa kusa da Santa Ynez, California, don gina gida, Neverland Ranch, a farashin dala miliyan 17 (daidai da dala miliyan 46 a shekara ta 2025). {{Spaces}}Ya shigar da motar Ferris, karosel, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, da gidan zoo.<ref name="Malta" /> Ma'aikatan tsaro na 40 sun yi sintiri a filin.<ref name="Bio2" /> Ba da daɗewa ba, Jackson ya bayyana a cikin tallan talabijin na Yammacin da aka watsa a [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]]. A wannan lokacin, Jackson ya zama sananne a matsayin "Sarkin Pop", sunan laƙabi da masu tallata shi suka rungumi.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}{{Sfn|Tannenbaum|Marks|2011}}Lokacin da [[Elizabeth Taylor]] ta gabatar da shi da lambar yabo ta Soul Train Heritage a shekarar 1989, ta kira shi "sarkin gaskiya na pop, dutse da rai".{{Sfn|Campbell|1993}}Shugaba George H. W. Bush ya sanya shi "Artist of the Decade" na Fadar White House.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 1990 |title=Remarks on the Upcoming Summit with President Mikhail Gorbachev of the Soviet Union |url=https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=18331 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402184921/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=18331 |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=The American Presidency Project}}</ref> A lambar yabo ta BMI ta 38 a cikin 1990, Jackson ya zama mutum na farko da aka girmama shi da lambar yabo mai suna bayan mai karɓa. Daga 1985 zuwa 1990, Jackson ya ba da gudummawar $ 455,000 ga Asusun Kwalejin Negro na United, kuma duk ribar da ya samu daga "Man in the Mirror" ya tafi sadaka.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Ayyukansa na "You Were There" a bikin ranar haihuwar Sammy Davis Jr.'s 60th ya ba Jackson gabatarwa ta Emmy ta biyu. Jackson shine mai zane-zane mafi kyawun shekarun 1980. === Ayyukan zamantakewa ''Mai haɗari'' da na jama'a (1991-1993) === A watan Maris na shekara ta 1991, Jackson ya sabunta kwangilarsa tare da Sony don dala miliyan 65 (daidai da dala miliyan 154 a shekara ta 2025), yarjejeniyar da ta karya rikodin a lokacin. {{Spaces}}Ya fitar da kundi na takwas, Dangerous, a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 1991, tare da Teddy Riley. An tabbatar da shi sau takwas platinum a Amurka kuma ya sayar da kwafin miliyan 32 a duk duniya ta 2018.<ref name="Certifications">{{Cite web |title=Gold & Platinum Searchable Database – Jackson, Michael |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=michael+jackson#search_section |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075507/http://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Michael+Jackson#search_section |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=Recording Industry Association of America}}</ref> A Amurka, na farko, "Black or White", shi ne waƙar da ta fi dacewa da kundin; ya kasance lamba ɗaya a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100 na makonni bakwai kuma ya sami irin wannan nasarar a duk duniya.<ref name="Achievements">{{Cite web |date=November 2, 2006 |title=The return of the King of Pop |url=https://www.today.com/id/15529981 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927195945/http://www.today.com/id/15529981 |archive-date=September 27, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref> Na biyu, "Ka tuna da Lokaci" ya kai lamba ta uku a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100. A ƙarshen shekara ta 1992, Dangerous ita ce kundin da aka fi siyarwa a duniya, kuma "Black or White" ita ce mafi kyawun siyarwa na shekara a duniya a Billboard Music Awards. A shekara ta 1993, ya yi "Ka tuna da Lokaci" a Soul Train Music Awards yayin da yake zaune, yana mai cewa ya karkatar da idonsa yayin karatun rawa. A Burtaniya, "Heal the World" ya kai lamba ta biyu a kan sigogi a shekarar 1992. <ref name="OC">{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/16519/michael-jackson/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617220110/https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/16519/michael-jackson/ |archive-date=June 17, 2018 |access-date=April 7, 2019 |publisher=[[Official Charts]]}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson_(21022972230).jpg|left|thumb|Jackson a lokacin Dangerous World Tour a [[Monza]], Italiya, a cikin 1992]] Jackson ya kafa Gidauniyar Heal the World a shekarar 1992. Kungiyar agaji ta kawo yara marasa galihu zuwa ranch na Jackson don amfani da wuraren shakatawa na filin shakatawa kuma ta aika da miliyoyin daloli a duniya don taimakawa yara da ke fuskantar barazanar yaki, talauci, da cututtuka. A wannan watan Yuli, Jackson ya buga littafinsa na biyu, Dancing the Dream, tarin shayari. Don tallafawa Dangerous, Jackson ya fara rangadin duniya na biyu, Dangerous World Tour, don tara kuɗi don Gidauniyar Heal the World . Gidan yawon shakatawa ya gudana daga Yuni 1992 zuwa Nuwamba 1993, inda ya tara dala miliyan 100 (daidai da dala miliyan 220 a 2025) daga kide-kide 69 a wajen Amurka kuma ya jawo hankalin mutane sama da miliyan 3.5.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MJ's 'Dangerous' World Tour Raised Millions To Aid Children & Environment |url=https://www.michaeljackson.com/en-ca/news/mjs-dangerous-world-tour-raised-millions-to-aid-children-environment/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814180438/https://www.michaeljackson.com/en-ca/news/mjs-dangerous-world-tour-raised-millions-to-aid-children-environment/ |archive-date=August 14, 2024 |access-date=August 14, 2024 |publisher=Michael Jackson Official Site}}</ref> Jackson ya sayar da haƙƙin watsa shirye-shiryen don wasan kwaikwayo na Oktoba 1, 1992, a Bucharest ga HBO don dala miliyan 20 (daidai da dala miliyan 46 a cikin 2025), sannan mafi girman kuɗin da aka taɓa biya don mai wasan kwaikwayo ya bayyana a talabijin. {{Spaces}}Ya ba da gudummawar wani ɓangare na kuɗin don taimakawa yaran Romania.<ref name="Zad-1992" /> Bayan rasuwar mai magana da yawun [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]] kuma aboki Ryan White, Jackson ya bukaci gwamnatin Clinton a Bikin buɗewa na Bill Clinton da ta kara kudade ga kungiyoyin agaji na HIV / AIDS da bincike, kuma ta yi "Gone Too Soon", waƙar da aka keɓe ga White, da kuma "Heal the World" a bikin. Jackson ya ziyarci Afirka a farkon shekara ta 1992; a tashinsa ta farko a Gabon, mutane sama da 100,000 ne suka gaishe shi, wasu suna ɗauke da alamun da ke cewa "Barka da Gida Michael", kuma an ba shi matsayin Jami'in Dokar Merit ta Kasa daga Shugaba [[Omar Bongo]].<ref name="Ebony">{{Cite magazine|url-status=34–43}}</ref> A lokacin tafiyarsa zuwa Ivory Coast, Jackson ya jawo taron jama'a fiye da [[John Paul na Biyu|Paparoma John Paul II]] a ziyararsa ta baya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: The Thrill Of Thriller |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00zfxhf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218070931/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00zfxhf |archive-date=February 18, 2018 |access-date=January 1, 2024 |publisher=[[BBC World Service]]}}</ref> Wani shugaban kabilanci ne ya naɗa shi "Sarki Sani" a ƙauyen Ivory Coast na Krindjabo, inda ya gode wa manyan mutane a Faransanci da Ingilishi, ya sanya hannu kan takardun da ke tsara mulkinsa, kuma ya zauna a kan kursiyin zinariya yayin da yake jagorantar raye-raye na bikin.<ref name="Ebony" /> A watan Janairun 1993, Jackson ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a Super Bowl XXVII a Pasadena, California. Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa (NFL) ta nemi babban mai zane don kula da masu kallo a lokacin rabin lokaci biyo bayan raguwar yawan masu sauraro. Tare da masu kallo miliyan 133.4, shi ne Super Bowl na farko wanda wasan kwaikwayon rabin lokaci ya jawo masu sauraro da yawa fiye da wasan da kansa. Jackson ya yi "Jam", "Billie Jean", "Black or White", da kuma "Heal the World". Dangerous ya tashi wurare 90 a kan jadawalin kundin Amurka bayan wasan kwaikwayon.{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}} Jackson ya ba da hira ta minti 90 tare da Oprah Winfrey a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1993. Ya yi magana game da cin zarafin da ya fuskanta a lokacin yaro a hannun mahaifinsa, ya ce ya yi imanin cewa ya rasa yawancin yarantakarsa, kuma ya bayyana cewa sau da yawa yana kuka daga kaɗaici. Ya musanta jita-jita na tabloid cewa ya sayi ƙasusuwan Mutumin Gishiri, ya kwanta a cikin ɗakin iskar oxygen, ko kuma ya wanke fatarsa, kuma ya bayyana a karon farko cewa yana da vitiligo. Bayan hira, Dangerous ya sake shiga cikin jerin kundin Amurka a saman 10, fiye da shekara guda bayan da aka saki shi.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}}Tattaunawar ta zama hira ta talabijin da aka fi kallo a tarihin Amurka har zuwa yau, tare da masu kallo sama da miliyan 90. A watan Janairun 1993, Jackson ya lashe lambar yabo ta Amurka sau uku: Mafi kyawun Pop / Rock Album (Dangerous), Mafi kyawun Soul / R & B Single ("Ka tuna da Lokaci"), kuma ya zama mai karɓar lambar yabo ta farko ta International Artist Award of Excellence . A watan Fabrairu, ya sami lambar yabo ta "Living Legend Award" a 35th Annual Grammy Awards a Los Angeles . <ref name="grammy mj" /> Ya halarci bikin tare da Brooke Shields . An zabi Dangerous don Mafi kyawun Ayyukan Murya (don "Black ko White"), Mafi kyawun R & B Vocal Performance ("Jam"), da Mafi Kyawun R & B Song ("Jam), kuma Bruce Swedien da Teddy Riley sun lashe kyautar Grammy don Mafi Kyawun Injiniya - Ba na gargajiya ba.<ref name="Bruce" /> A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an yaba da Dangerous a matsayin babban nasarar da Jackson ya samu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: Dangerous |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/22044-dangerous/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527061951/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/22044-dangerous/ |archive-date=May 27, 2018 |access-date=November 23, 2019 |website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson's Dangerous |url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/michael-jacksons-dangerous-9781623566319/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328011606/http://bloomsbury.com/us/michael-jacksons-dangerous-9781623566319/ |archive-date=March 28, 2017 |access-date=December 1, 2019 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2009]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Articles with hAudio microformats]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qyfiugytbjju3pbe5b1laf6hdpoz0jr 961592 961591 2026-10-01T21:30:15Z Baffa ali 47435 961592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Michael Joseph Jackson''' (Agusta 29, 1958 - Yuni 25, 2009) mawaki ne na Amurka, marubuci, mai rawa, kuma mai taimakon jama'a. An yi masa lakabi da " '''Sarkin Pop''' ", ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutane a al'ada a ƙarni na 20. Nasarorin da ya samu a fannin wakokinsa sun karya shingen launin fata na Amurka kuma sun sanya shi ya zama fitaccen mutum a duniya . Ta hanyar waƙoƙinsa, bidiyon kiɗansa, kade-kade, da salon zamani, ya sauya yanayin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin waƙoƙin da aka fi sani, yana ƙara shahara a cikin rawar titi kamar su wasan moonwalk, robot, da kuma rawar da ba ta da nauyi . Ana ɗaukar Jackson a matsayin mafi kyawun mai nishadantarwa a kowane lokaci. {{Refn|Attributed to multiple sources:<ref>{{Cite news |last=Villarreal |first=Yvonne |date=June 29, 2009 |title=Remembering Michael Jackson: 'The Greatest Entertainer of All Time' |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-jun-29-et-jackson-tribute29-story.html |access-date=January 16, 2025 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=December 6, 2022 |title=Michael Jackson Was The Most Influential Entertainer Of The 20th Century & Shaped The Future Of Music, Dance & Film |url=https://okmagazine.com/p/michael-jackson-influential-entertainer-20th-century/ |access-date=December 24, 2024 |magazine=[[OK!]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Satariano |first=Adam |date=July 8, 2009 |title=Family, Fans Mourn Jackson at Site of Final Rehearsal |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2009-07-08/family-fans-mourn-jackson-at-site-of-final-rehearsal |access-date=January 16, 2025 |agency=[[Bloomberg News]] |quote="the greatest entertainer that ever lived." |archive-date=November 14, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251114023315/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2009-07-08/family-fans-mourn-jackson-at-site-of-final-rehearsal |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Bennett |first=Jessica |date=December 31, 2024 |title=The Greatest Live Performer Of Every Decade, 1950-Present |url=https://www.vibe.com/lists/greatest-live-performer-every-decade-1950-present/ |access-date=January 16, 2025 |magazine=[[Vibe (magazine)|Vibe]] |quote=Widely considered the greatest performer of all time, Michael Jackson}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ratliff |first=Michaela |date=August 29, 2024 |title='The greatest artist who ever lived': Michael Jackson leaves impact 15 years after death |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/greatest-artist-ever-lived-michael-195539668.html |access-date=January 16, 2025 |agency=[[Yahoo News]] |archive-date=January 27, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250127005129/https://www.yahoo.com/news/greatest-artist-ever-lived-michael-195539668.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=June 5, 2010 |title=Michael Jackson Immortalized |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-best-michael-jackson-songs-22188/ |access-date=December 25, 2024 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |quote=Michael Jackson, the greatest pop artist that ever lived |archive-date=September 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929202440/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-best-michael-jackson-songs-22188/ |url-status=live}}</ref>|group=nb}} Jackson, wanda shi ne mutum na takwas cikin yara goma a cikin dangin Jackson, ya fara bayyana a bainar jama'a yana da shekaru shida a matsayin babban mawaƙin Jackson 5 . Ya fara fitowa a matsayin fitaccen mawaki a fim ɗin ''Off the Wall'' (1979) kuma ya sami nasarar da ba a taɓa gani ba a duniya tare da ''Thriller'' (1982), wanda ya zama kundin waƙoƙi mafi sayarwa a tarihi. Bidiyon kiɗan " Thriller ", " Beat It ", da " Billie Jean " sun sake fasalta hanyar. ''Bad'' (1987) shine kundin farko da ya samar da waƙoƙi guda biyar na Amurka <nowiki><i id="mwOg">na Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100 masu lamba ɗaya: " I Just Can't Stop Loving You ", " Bad ", " The Way You Make Me Feeling ", " Man in the Mirror ", da " Dirty Diana ". ''Dangerous'' (1991) da ''HIStory'' (1995) suma sun yi nasara. Kundin wakokin Jackson na ƙarshe, <nowiki><i id="mwRQ">Invincible</i></nowiki> (2001), shine mafi tsada da aka taɓa yi . Daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980, Jackson ya zo karkashin binciken jama'a saboda dangantakarsa, salon rayuwa, da [[Lafiya da bayyanar Michael Jackson|canza bayyanar]]. an zarge shi da cin zarafin yaro a 1993 kuma ya zauna a waje da kotu a 1994. A shekara ta 2005, an yi masa shari'a kuma an wanke shi a kan wasu tuhume-tuhumen cin zarafin yara. Yayinda yake shirya don This Is It, jerin kide-kide na dawowa, ya mutu a shekara ta 2009 daga wuce gona da iri na propofol wanda likitansa, Conrad Murray ya gudanar. Mutuwarsa ta haifar da hauhawar da ba a taɓa gani ba a cikin zirga-zirgar intanet da kuma hauhawar tallace-tallace na kiɗa. Sakamakon Jackson bayan mutuwarsa sun hada da shirin Michael Jackson's This Is It (2009) da kuma kundin Michael (2010) da ''Xscape'' (2014). Shirin fim din Leaving Neverland na 2019 ya ba da cikakken bayani game da zargin cin zarafin yara a kan Jackson. Jackson yana daya daga cikin masu fasahar kiɗa mafi kyawun kowane lokaci, tare da kimanin tallace-tallace na fiye da miliyan 500 a duk duniya a matsayin mai zane-zane.{{Refn|The estimates of Michael Jackson's sales often vary up to 1{{nbsp}}billion records worldwide.<ref>{{cite news |title=Billboard Music Awards 2014: Michael Jackson hologram steals the show |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=May 19, 2014 |access-date=June 30, 2024 |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/michael-jackson/10840106/Billboard-Music-Awards-2014-Michael-Jackson-hologram-steals-the-show.html |archive-date=June 6, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606193639/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/michael-jackson/10840106/Billboard-Music-Awards-2014-Michael-Jackson-hologram-steals-the-show.html}} {{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/new-michael-jackson-song_n_5250500 |title=New Michael Jackson Song, 'Love Never Felt So Good,' Features Justin Timberlake |newspaper=[[HuffPost]] |agency=Reuters |date=May 1, 2014 |access-date=June 30, 2024 |archive-date=September 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915165131/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/new-michael-jackson-song_n_5250500 |url-status=live}}</ref>|group=nb}} Har ila yau, yana ɗaya daga cikin mawaƙa uku, tare da Paul McCartney da [[Phil collins|Phil Collins]], waɗanda suka sayar da fiye da miliyan 100 a matsayin mai zane-zane da kuma babban memba na ƙungiyar. &nbsp;Ya zira kwallaye 13 a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100 kuma shine kawai mai zane da ke da saman goma na Amurka a cikin shekaru sittin. Kyaututtuka sun hada da Grammy Awards 13, Grammy Legend Award, Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, 26 American Music Awards, 12 World Music Awards, 8 MTV Video Music Awards, 6 Brit Awards, da 3 US shugabancin girmamawa. An shigar da shi cikin Rock da Roll Hall of Fame sau biyu, da kuma Songwriters Hall of Fame da Dance Hall of Fame. Bayan ya ba da gudummawar kimanin dala miliyan 500, an yaba wa Jackson da saita ma'auni don aikin agaji na shahararrun mutane. Fim din Michael na 2026 shine Fim din tarihin rayuwa mafi girma a kowane lokaci, yayin da kundin kiɗa na Jackson ya kasance mafi kyawun siyarwa ga kowane mawaƙi. == Rayuwa da aiki == === Rayuwa ta farko da Jackson 5 (1958-1975) === [[File:Michael_Jackson's_birth_house_in_Gary_Indiana.jpg|left|thumb|Gidan yarinta na Jackson a Gary, Indiana, a cikin 2014]] An haifi Michael Joseph Jackson a ranar 29 ga watan Agusta, 1958, a Gary, Indiana. <ref name="allmusic">{{Cite web |last=Huey |first=Steve |title=Michael Jackson – Artist Biography |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-jackson-mn0000467203/biography |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150507080746/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-jackson-mn0000467203/biography |archive-date=May 7, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 24, 2014 |title=Michael Jackson: 10 Achievements That Made Him The King of Pop |url=https://www.grammy.com/blogs/michael-jackson-10-achievements-that-made-him-the-king-of-pop |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215072653/https://www.grammy.com/blogs/michael-jackson-10-achievements-that-made-him-the-king-of-pop |archive-date=February 15, 2017 |access-date=October 20, 2016 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref> Shi ne na takwas cikin yara goma a cikin Iyalin Jackson, dangin ma'aikata na Afirka da ke zaune a cikin Gida mai dakuna biyu a kan titin Jackson.{{Sfn|Jackson|2009}}{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Mahaifiyarsa, Katherine Jackson (née Scruse), Mashawarcin Jehovah, ta buga clarinet, cello, da piano; ta yi burin zama mai wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa da yamma, kuma ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a Sears.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Mahaifinsa, Joe Jackson, tsohon ɗan dambe ne kuma mai aiki a US Steel, wanda kuma ya buga guitar ga ƙungiyar rhythm da blues ta Falcons.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Ta hanyar mahaifinsa, Michael yana da asalin asalin Amurka (Choctaw); kakansa, Isra'ila Nero Jackson, ya yi amfani da kuma sayar da maganin gargajiya na asali, aikin da ya wuce daga mahaifinsa, Yuli "Jack" Gale, ɗan leƙen asirin Sojojin Amurka wanda ya auri Baƙar fata mai suna Gina kafin Yaƙin basasa. Michael yana da 'yan'uwa mata uku - Rebbie, La Toya, da [[Janet Jackson|Janet]] - da' yan'uwa maza biyar Jackie, [[Tito Jackson|Tito]], Jermaine, Marlon, da Randy.<ref name="Obit Guardian" /> Ɗan'uwa na shida, Brandon, tagwayen Marlon, ya mutu jim kadan bayan haihuwa. Michael da Marlon sun shiga Jackson Brothers a shekarar 1964, ƙungiyar da mahaifinsu suka kafa wacce ta riga ta hada da Jackie, Tito, da Jermaine. Da farko sun yi aiki a matsayin masu kiɗa na madadin, suna wasa [[Conga|congas]] da tambarin. Michael daga baya ya ce mahaifinsa ya wulakanta shi a jiki da motsin rai, yana tunawa da cewa a lokacin maimaitawa Joe sau da yawa yana zaune tare da bel a hannunsa, a shirye ya hukunta kurakurai.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}Joe ya yarda cewa yana yi masa bulala a kai a kai. Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, da Marlon sun musanta cewa mahaifinsu yana da zalunci, suna cewa bulala - Michael ya ji da yawa saboda shi ƙarami ne - ya ci gaba da horar da kungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jackson Brothers: Was Joe Jackson Abusive? |url=https://celebrity.yahoo.com/video/jackson-brothers-joe-jackson-abusive-170000051.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522073344/https://celebrity.yahoo.com/video/jackson-brothers-joe-jackson-abusive-170000051.html |archive-date=May 22, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Yahoo Celebrity]]}}</ref> Michael ya bayyana matashiyarsa a matsayin mai kaɗaici.{{Sfn|Young|2009}} A ƙarshen 1965, Michael ya fara raba murya tare da Jermaine, kuma an canza sunan kungiyar zuwa Jackson 5. Sun lashe wasan kwaikwayo na baiwa a wannan shekarar inda Michael ya yi rawa ga "Barefootin'" na Robert Parker kuma ya raira "My Girl".{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Daga 1966 zuwa 1968, Jackson 5 ya zagaya a ko'ina cikin Midwest, yana yin akai-akai a kan Chitlin' Circuit a matsayin aikin buɗewa ga masu fasaha kamar Sam & Dave, O'Jays, Gladys Knight, da Etta James. Sun kuma yi wasan kwaikwayo a cikin kulob da wuraren shakatawa waɗanda ke nuna wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma a cikin ɗakunan taro na gida da kuma raye-raye na makarantar sakandare.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}A watan Agustan 1967, yayin da suke yawon shakatawa a Gabashin Gabas, sun lashe gasar dare ta mako-mako a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Apollo a Harlem.{{Sfn|Young|2009}} [[File:The_Jackson_5_1972.JPG|left|thumb|Jackson (tsakiya) a matsayin memba da Jackson 5 a shekarar 1972. Kungiyar ta kasance daga cikin 'yan wasan Afirka na farko da suka sami babban mabiya.]] Jackson 5 sun rubuta waƙoƙi da yawa don lakabin Gary na Steeltown Records, sun saki waƙoƙin su na farko, "Big Boy", a cikin 1968.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Bobby Taylor na Bobby Taylor & the Vancouvers ya kawo kungiyar zuwa [[Motown]] bayan sun buɗe masa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Regal na Chicago a wannan shekarar. Taylor ta samar da wasu daga cikin rikodin Motown na farko, gami da sigar "Who's Lovin' You". Bayan sanya hannu tare da Motown, iyalin Jackson sun koma Los Angeles.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A shekara ta 1969, shugabannin Motown sun yanke shawarar cewa [[Diana Ross]] za ta gabatar da Jackson 5 ga jama'a - wani bangare don tallafawa aikinta na talabijin - ƙaddamar da abin da aka ɗauka samfurin Motown na ƙarshe na "layin samarwa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Harper |first=Phillip Brian |date=Winter 1989 |title=Synesthesia, 'Crossover,' and Blacks in Popular Music |journal=[[Social Text]] |issue=23 |page=110 |doi=10.2307/466423 |jstor=466423}}</ref> Kungiyar ta fara fitowa a talabijin a wannan shekarar a gasar Miss Black America, inda ta rufe "It's Your Thing". Rolling Stone daga baya ya bayyana saurayi Michael a matsayin "mai ban mamaki" tare da "kyautar kiɗa mai yawa" wanda da sauri ya zama babban jan hankali na ƙungiyar kuma jagorar mawaƙa. A watan Janairun 1970, "I Want You Back" ya zama na farko na Jackson 5 don isa lamba daya a kan <nowiki><i id="mwAUA">Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100, ya kasance a saman makonni hudu. Ƙarin waƙoƙi uku na Motown - "ABC", "The Love You Save", da "I'll Be There" - suma sun kai lamba ɗaya. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1971, dangin Jackson sun koma wani babban gida a kan Hayvenhurst Avenue, wani yanki na {{Convert|2|acre}} a Encino, California.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A wannan lokacin, Michael ya ci gaba daga ɗan wasan kwaikwayo zuwa gunkin matasa.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Tsakanin 1972 da 1975, ya fitar da kundin studio guda hudu tare da Motown: Got to Be There (1972), ''Ben'' (1972), Music & Me (1973), da Forever, Michael (1975). "Got to Be There" da "Ben", waƙoƙin taken daga waƙoƙinsa na farko guda biyu, an sayar da su da kyau a matsayin mutane, kamar yadda ya rufe Bobby Day na "Rockin' Robin".{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}} Michael ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da Jackson 5. Daga baya aka bayyana kungiyar a matsayin "a cutting-upper misali na baki crossover artists". Sun yi takaici da ƙin Motown ya ba su ƙwarewar ƙira. Ayyukan Michael na manyan biyar "Dancing Machine" a kan Soul Train ya taimaka wajen fadada rawa na robot.{{Sfn|St John|2004}}{{Sfn|Mansour|2005}} === Ka matsa zuwa Epic da ''Daga Ganuwar'' (1975-1981) === [[File:Michael_Jackson,_Diana_Ross,_Quincy_Jones,_"Diana"_(1981_CBS_press_photo).jpg|thumb|Jackson (hagu) da [[Quincy Jones]] (dama) sun bayyana tare da [./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Diana_Ross" id="mwAYk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Diana Ross">Diana Ross] a kan ta na musamman, Diana, a watan Maris 1981.]] Jackson 5 sun bar Motown a 1975, sun sanya hannu tare da Epic Records kuma sun sake suna Jacksons.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Huey |first=Steve |title=The Jackson 5 – Artist Biography |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-jackson-5-mn0000083013/biography |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614154543/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-jackson-5-mn0000083013/biography |archive-date=June 14, 2020 |access-date=April 8, 2019 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> Yayan su Randy ya shiga ƙungiyar a wannan lokacin, yayin da Jermaine ya kasance tare da Motown don neman aikin solo.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Jacksons sun ci gaba da yawon shakatawa a duniya kuma sun saki wasu kundi shida tsakanin 1976 da 1984. Michael, babban marubucin waƙoƙin ƙungiyar a wannan lokacin, ya rubuta waƙoƙi kamar "Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground) " (1978), "This Place Hotel" (1980), da kuma "Can You Feel It" (1980). <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Jackson 5 Biography |url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/the-jackson-five/bio/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331180213/https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/the-jackson-five/bio |archive-date=March 31, 2019 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 1977, Jackson ya koma [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]] don ya fito a matsayin Scarecrow a cikin The ''Wiz'', fim din kiɗa wanda Sidney Lumet ya jagoranta kuma ya ƙunshi [[Diana Ross]], Nipsey Russell, da Ted Ross. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gibron |first=Bill |date=July 7, 2009 |title=You Can't Win Michael Jackson and 'The Wiz' |url=https://www.popmatters.com/feature/107586-you-cant-win-michael-jackson-and-the-wiz/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730230644/http://www.popmatters.com/feature/107586-you-cant-win-michael-jackson-and-the-wiz/ |archive-date=July 30, 2017 |access-date=May 10, 2017 |website=[[PopMatters]]}}</ref> Fim din ya gaza a ofishin akwatin.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}[[Quincy Jones]] ne ya shirya sa, wanda daga baya ya samar da kundi uku na solo na Jackson. {{Sfn|Bronson|2003}} A lokacin da yake New York, Jackson ya saba zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Studio 54, inda ya ji hip-hop na farko; wannan ya rinjayi beatboxing dinsa a kan waƙoƙi na baya kamar "Working Day and Night". Jackson ta biyar solo album kuma na farko a matsayin babba, Off the Wall (1979), ya kafa shi a matsayin solo player kuma ya nuna canjinsa daga bubblegum pop na ƙuruciyarsa zuwa mafi rikitarwa sauti.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Kundin ya samar da shigarwa hudu a saman 10 a Amurka: "A waje da Wall", "Ta fita daga Rayuwata", da kuma taswirar taswirar "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa" da "Rock tare da Kai". Off the Wall ya kai lamba ta uku a kan <nowiki><i id="mwAc8">Billboard</i></nowiki> 200 kuma ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 20 a duk duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: Off The Wall |url=https://www.virginmedia.com/music/classicalbums/michaeljackson-offthewall.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701200501/https://www.virginmedia.com/music/classicalbums/michaeljackson-offthewall.php |archive-date=July 1, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Virgin Media]]}}</ref> {{Spaces}}Jackson ya lashe kyautar Grammy don Mafi kyawun R & B Vocal Performance na 1979 tare da "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa".<ref name="grammy mj">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Michael Jackson |url=https://www.grammy.com/artists/michael-jackson/13202 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117085231/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/michael-jackson |archive-date=November 17, 2017 |access-date=April 7, 2019 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref> A American Music Awards a farkon shekarun 1980, ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Single don "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa", kyaututtuka biyu a jere don Soul / R&B Album da aka fi so, da kuma Soul / R/B Male Artist . A shekara ta 1981, ya sake lashe lambar yabo ta Amurka don Kyautar Soul / R & B da Kyautar Soul/R & B Maza Mai Kyau. Jackson ya ji cewa Off the Wall ya kamata ya sami babban tasiri kuma ya ƙuduri aniyar wuce tsammanin tare da sakin sa na gaba.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A shekara ta 1980, ya sami mafi girman kuɗin sarauta a masana'antar kiɗa: kashi 37 cikin dari na ribar kundin.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}} === Thriller, ''Motown 25: jiya, Yau, Har abada'' da abin da ya faru na Pepsi (1981-1984) === [[File:Michael_Jackson_moonwalk_Motown_25_excerpt.ogv|thumbtime=0:10|thumb|Jackson demonstrating the moonwalk on the 1983 television special ''Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever'', which helped popularize the move]] Daga 1981 zuwa 1983, Jackson ya rubuta demos na "State of Shock", "Victory" da "There Must Be More to Life Than This" tare da jagoran Sarauniya [[Freddie Mercury]] don shirin kundin duet. Ba a kammala aikin ba; daga baya aka rubuta "State of Shock" tare da Mick Jagger don kundin Jacksons Victory (1984), kuma "There Must Be More to Life Than This" an sake shi bayan mutuwarsa a cikin 2014. A shekara ta 1982, Jackson ya ba da gudummawa ga "Wani a cikin Duhu" ga littafin sauti don fim din ET the Extra-Terrestrial . An saki kundi na shida na Jackson, Thriller, a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1982. Ya kasance kundin da aka fi sayarwa a duk duniya a 1983 <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 20, 1983 |title=Michael: He's Not Just the Rock Star of the Year, He's the Rock Star of the '80s |url=https://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB296D5B072064E&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904180807/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB296D5B072064E&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |archive-date=September 4, 2011 |access-date=July 5, 2010}}</ref> kuma daga ƙarshe ya zama kundin da akafi sayarwa a kowane lokaci a Amurka da kuma duniya baki daya, tare da kimanin miliyan 70 da aka sayar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamond Awards |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=T1A#search_section |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216154105/https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=DA#search_section |archive-date=February 16, 2017 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Crookes |first=Del |date=May 4, 2012 |title=Adele's 21 overtakes sales of Thriller in UK album list |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-17935650 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611174537/https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-17935650 |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |access-date=July 2, 2021 |website=[[Newsbeat]]}}</ref> Ya hau kan ''Billboard'' 200 na makonni 37 kuma ya kasance a saman ginshiƙi 10 na makonni 80 a jere. Thriller ya zama kundi na farko don samar da manyan mutane goma guda bakwai a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100, gami da lambar daya "Billie Jean" da "Beat It".{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}} A ranar 25 ga Maris, 1983, Jackson ya sake haɗuwa da 'yan uwansa don ''Motown 25: jiya, Yau, Har abada'', wani talabijin na NBC na musamman wanda aka watsa a ranar 16 ga Mayu ga kimanin masu sauraro miliyan 47. Ayyukan Jackson na solo na "Billie Jean" ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Emmy ta farko. Yana sanye da safofin hannu mai cike da rhinestone, ya fara tafiya a wata - wanda Jeffrey Daniel ya koya masa shekaru uku da suka gabata - wanda ya zama sa hannu na rawa. Jackson da farko ya ki gayyatar, yana gaskata cewa yana yin talabijin da yawa, amma ya amince da yin aiki a buƙatar wanda ya kafa Motown Berry Gordy don musayar wuri ɗaya.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Ayyukansa sun sami yabo sosai: Mikal Gilmore na Rolling Stone ya kira shi "mai ban mamaki", kuma mai sukar The New York Times Anna Kisselgoff ya yaba da lokacin da dabarar rawa, yayin da Gordy ya ce an "masu banƙyama".{{Sfn|Young|2009}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Berry Gordy Addresses Michael Jackson Memorial Service |url=https://www.hark.com/clips/lxbvwzgnms-berry-gordy-addresses-michael-jackson-memorial-service |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509134117/https://www.hark.com/clips/lxbvwzgnms-berry-gordy-addresses-michael-jackson-memorial-service |archive-date=May 9, 2013 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=Hark}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson_with_Grammy_Awards_in_1984.jpg|left|thumb|Jackson a Grammy Awards na 26, inda ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, ya karya rikodin mafi yawan nasarori a cikin dare ɗaya]] A 26th Annual Grammy Awards, Jackson ya sami gabatarwa 12 - mafi yawa a cikin dare ɗaya a lokacin (daga baya an ɗaure shi da Babyface) - kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, ya karya rikodin don mafi yawan nasarori a cikin dare guda (daga baya Santana ya ɗaure shi). <ref name="grammy mj" /> Thriller ya sami gabatarwa 13, mafi yawa ga kowane kundi, kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, gami da Best Engineered Recording (Ba na gargajiya ba) don aikin Bruce Swedien. Jackson ya lashe kyaututtuka bakwai da suka danganci kundin, gami da Album of the Year for Thriller da Record of the Year don "Beat It", kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ga ET the Extra-Terrestrial storybook . <ref name="grammy mj" /> A 11th Annual American Music Awards, Jackson ya lashe wasu kyaututtuka takwas kuma ya zama ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mafi ƙanƙanta da ya karɓi Kyautar Kyauta. Ya kuma lashe kyautar Maza Mai Farin Ciki, Mai Farin R & B Mai Farin Diki, da Mai Farin Pop / Rock Mai Farin. "Beat It" ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Video, Pop / Rock Video, da Pop / Rock Single. Kundin ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Album da Pop / Rock Album.<ref name="Awards 1984" /> Tallace-tallace na Thriller sun ninka sau biyu bayan fitowar bidiyon kiɗa mai tsawo don waƙarsa ta taken, wanda ke nuna Jackson yana rawa tare da ƙungiyar zombies. Nasarar ta canza Jackson zuwa babban karfi a cikin al'adun gargajiya na duniya, kuma kundin "ya ci nasara a rabuwa da launin fata". Yana da mafi girman darajar sarauta a masana'antar kiɗa a wannan lokacin, yana samun kusan $ 2 ga kowane kundin da aka sayar (daidai da $ 6 ), kuma yana samun riba mai ban mamaki. A cikin wannan shekarar, The Making of Michael Jackson's Thriller, wani shirin fim game da bidiyon kiɗa, ya lashe Grammy don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo na Kiɗa (Longform). <ref name="grammy mj" /> ''Lokaci'' ya bayyana tasirin Jackson a lokacin a matsayin "tauraron rikodin, rediyo, bidiyon dutse. Kungiyar ceto ta mutum ɗaya don kasuwancin kiɗa. Marubucin waƙa wanda ya saita bugun na shekaru goma. Mai rawa tare da ƙafafu mafi kyau a kan titi. Mawakin da ke yanke duk iyakokin dandano da salon da launi ma.<ref name="Time" />The New York Times ya rubuta, "a cikin duniyar kiɗa, akwai Michael Jackson kuma akwai kowa da kowa". Jackson da 'yan uwansa sun yi haɗin gwiwa tare da PepsiCo a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1983 don yarjejeniyar tallace-tallace ta dala miliyan 5, inda suka kafa sabon rikodin don amincewar shahararrun mutane (daidai da dala miliyan 16.2 a shekarar 2025). {{Spaces}}Kamfen na farko na [[Pepsi]], wanda ya gudana a Amurka daga 1983 zuwa 1984 kuma ya ƙaddamar da taken "Sabon Zamani" na kamfanin, ya haɗa da tallafawa yawon shakatawa, abubuwan da suka faru na hulɗa da jama'a, da nune-nunen cikin shagon. Jackson ya taimaka wajen kirkirar talla kuma ya ba da shawarar amfani da waƙarsa "Billie Jean", tare da sake fasalin kalmomin, a matsayin jingle. [[File:The_Jacksons_Victory_Tour_by_Michael_Goulding_Nov_30_1984_2.jpg|right|thumb|Jackson yana aiki tare da Jacksons a [[Los Angeles]] a lokacin Victory Tour a 1984]] A ranar 27 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1984, Michael da sauran mambobin Jacksons sun yi fim din tallace-tallace na Pepsi a Shrine Auditorium a Los Angeles, wanda Phil Dusenberry ke kula da shi, babban jami'in tallace-kallace na BBDO, da Alan Pottasch, Darakta na Pepsi na Duniya. A lokacin wasan kwaikwayo na kwaikwayon a gaban cikakken masu sauraro, pyrotechnics ba zato ba tsammani ya sa gashin Jackson a wuta, wanda ya haifar da [[ƙonewa]] na biyu ga gashin kansa. Ya sami magani don ɓoye alamun kuma ya sami rhinoplasty na uku jim kadan bayan haka. Pepsi ya zauna a waje da kotu, kuma Jackson ya ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 1.5 (daidai da dala miliyan 4.6 a 2025) ga Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Brotman a Culver City, California; Cibiyar Michael Jackson Burn da aka rufe yanzu an sanya masa suna don girmama shi.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}{{Spaces}}Jackson ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya ta biyu tare da Pepsi a ƙarshen shekarun 1980 don dala miliyan 10 (daidai da dala miliyan 28.3 a cikin 2025). {{Spaces}}Yaƙin neman zaɓe na biyu ya rufe ƙasashe 20 kuma ya ba da tallafin kuɗi ga Jackson's Bad album da yawon shakatawa na duniya na 1987-1988. Jackson kuma yana da amincewa da yarjejeniyar talla tare da kamfanoni kamar LA Gear, Suzuki, da Sony, amma babu wanda ya kasance mai mahimmanci kamar yarjejeniyarsa da Pepsi. Yawon shakatawa na Nasara na 1984 ya jagoranci Jacksons kuma ya nuna sabon kayan solo na Jackson ga fiye da Amurkawa miliyan biyu. Wannan shi ne yawon shakatawa na karshe da ya yi tare da 'yan uwansa. Bayan jayayya game da sayar da tikitin kide-kide, Jackson ya ba da rabonsa na kuɗin da aka samu - wanda aka kiyasta ya kai dala miliyan 3 zuwa 5 - ga sadaka.<ref name="Humanitarian">{{Cite web |last=Vogel |first=Joseph |author-link=Joseph Vogel (author) |date=September 24, 2017 |title=Michael Jackson's Forgotten Humanitarian Legacy |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/michael-jacksons-forgotten-humanitarian-legacy_b_59c7c8d3e4b08d661550436a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108075919/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/michael-jacksons-forgotten-humanitarian-legacy_b_59c7c8d3e4b08d661550436a |archive-date=November 8, 2021 |access-date=December 1, 2021 |website=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> A lokacin wasan kwaikwayo na karshe na Victory Tour a Filin wasa na Dodger a Los Angeles, Jackson ya sanar da rabuwa da Jacksons a lokacin "Shake Your Body". === "Mu ne Duniya" da sauran ayyukan kasuwanci (1985) === [[File:Michael_Jackson_autographing_'We_Are_The_World'_posters_1985.jpg|thumb|Jackson ya sanya hannu kan hoton "Mu ne Duniya" a shekarar 1985]] Tare da Lionel Richie, Jackson ya rubuta waƙar sadaka "We Are the World" (1985), wanda ya tara kuɗi ga matalauta a Amurka da Afirka.<ref name="WATW">{{Cite web |title=Past Winners Search: "We Are the World" |url=https://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=&field_nominee_work_value=%22We+Are+The+World%22&year=All&genre=All |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416205907/http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=&field_nominee_work_value=%22We+Are+The+World%22&year=All&genre=All |archive-date=April 16, 2014 |access-date=January 29, 2014 |publisher=The Recording Academy}}</ref><ref name="jdoyle">{{Cite web |last=Doyle |first=Jack |date=July 7, 2009 |title="Michael & McCartney": 1980s–2009 |url=https://www.pophistorydig.com/topics/michael-mccartney-1980s-2009/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150613002206/http://www.pophistorydig.com/topics/michael-mccartney-1980s-2009/ |archive-date=June 13, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=The Pop History Dig}}</ref> Ya sami dala miliyan 63 (daidai da dala miliyan 189 a cikin 2025), kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin Mafi kyawun sayarwa na kowane lokaci, tare da sayar da kwafin miliyan 20. <ref name="jdoyle" /> {{Spaces}}{{Spaces}}Ya lashe Grammy Awards hudu a 1985, ciki har da Song of the Year ga Jackson da Richie . <ref name="WATW" /> Jackson, Jones, da mai gabatarwa Ken Kragen sun sami kyaututtuka na musamman saboda rawar da suka taka a cikin waƙar. <ref name="WATW" /> {{Sfn|Campbell|1993}}{{Sfn|Young|2009}} Jackson ya yi aiki tare da Paul McCartney a farkon shekarun 1980 kuma ya koyi cewa McCartney yana samun dala miliyan 40 a shekara daga mallakar haƙƙin waƙoƙin wasu masu fasaha.<ref name="jdoyle" /> {{Spaces}}A shekara ta 1983, Jackson ya fara sayen haƙƙin bugawa ga waƙoƙin wasu, amma ya zaɓi abubuwan da ya samu, yana ba da kuɗi kaɗan daga cikin littattafan da aka ba shi. Jackson ya sayi kundin kiɗa da haƙƙin mallaka na waƙa, kamar tarin [[Sly Stone]], sun haɗa da "Mutanen yau da kullun" (1968), Len Barry's "1-2-3" (1965), da Dion DiMucci's "The Wanderer" (1961) da "Runaround Sue" (1961). A shekara ta 1984, Robert Holmes a Kotun ya sanar da cewa yana sayar da kundin ATV Music Publishing, wanda ya ƙunshi haƙƙin bugawa ga kusan waƙoƙi 4,000, gami da mafi yawan kayan [[The Beatles|Beatles]]. A cikin 1981, an ba McCartney kundin don fam miliyan 20 ($ miliyan 40) (daidai da dala miliyan 142 a cikin 2025). <ref name="jdoyle" /><ref name="mcca atv">{{Cite web |date=November 13, 2010 |title=Paul McCartney refused an offer to buy the ATV Catalog for £20 million ($40 million) |url=https://mjjinfo.blogspot.fr/2010/11/paul-mccartney-refused-to-buy-atv.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529221446/http://mjjinfo.blogspot.fr/2010/11/paul-mccartney-refused-to-buy-atv.html |archive-date=May 29, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=Mjjinfo.blogspot.fr}}</ref> {{Spaces}}{{Spaces}}Jackson ya gabatar da tayin dala miliyan 46 (daidai da dala miliyan 143 a 2025) a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 1984.<ref name="hilburn" /> {{Spaces}}Lokacin da Jackson da McCartney ba su iya yin sayan hadin gwiwa ba, McCartney bai so ya zama mai mallakar waƙoƙin Beatles ba kuma bai bi tayin kansa ba.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}<ref name="mcca atv" />Wakilan Jackson ba su iya cimma yarjejeniya ba, kuma a watan Mayu 1985 sun bar tattaunawar bayan sun kashe fiye da dala miliyan 1 da watanni hudu a kan aikin da ya dace.<ref name="hilburn" />{{Spaces}} A watan Yunin 1985, Jackson da Branca sun koyi cewa Charles Koppelman da Martin Bandier's The Entertainment Company sun yi ƙoƙari su sayi ATV Music na dala miliyan 50. {{Spaces}}A farkon watan Agusta, Holmes a Kotun ya tuntubi Jackson kuma an ci gaba da tattaunawa. An karɓi karuwar tayin Jackson na dala miliyan 47.5 (daidai da dala miliyan 142 a 2025) saboda zai iya rufe yarjejeniyar da sauri, bayan ya riga ya kammala aikin da ya dace. {{Spaces}}Jackson ya amince ya ziyarci Holmes à Court a Ostiraliya, inda zai bayyana a Channel Seven Perth Telethon . An kammala sayen ATV Music a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, 1985. <ref name="hilburn" /><ref name="jdoyle" /> === Ƙarin hasashe na tabloid (1986-1987) === Fata na Jackson ya kasance matsakaici-launin launin ruwan kasa a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, amma daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980 ya zama mai laushi a hankali. Canjin ya jawo yaduwar kafofin watsa labarai, gami da hasashe cewa yana wanke fata.{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}}{{Sfn|Parameswaran|2011}}{{Sfn|DeMello|2012}}Likitan jikinsa, Arnold Klein, ya ce ya lura a 1983 cewa Jackson yana da [[vitiligo]], yanayin da ke nuna alamar fata da ke rasa launi. Ya kuma gano discoid lupus erythematosus a Jackson. Klein ya gano Jackson da lupus a wannan shekarar <ref name="Rosenberg" /> da kuma vitiligo a 1986. Babban tasirin Vitiligo akan jiki na iya haifar da damuwa ta hankali. Jackson ya yi amfani da kayan shafa masu launi mai kyau kuma mai yiwuwa cream mai tsabtace fata don rufe tabo da ba daidai ba wanda cutar ta haifar. Creams za su cire tabo, kuma tare da kayan shafa zai iya bayyana sosai.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Jackson ya ce bai yi wa fata fata ba kuma bai iya sarrafa vitiligo ba, ya kara da cewa, "Lokacin da mutane suka kirkiro labarun da ba na so in zama wanda ni ne, yana cutar da ni. " Ya zama abokantaka da mataimakin Klein da Klein, Debbie Rowe. Rowe daga baya ta zama matar Jackson ta biyu kuma mahaifiyar 'ya'yansa biyu na farko. Jackson ya tattauna a cikin tarihin kansa na 1988 da kuma hira da aka yi da shi a 1993 yana da tiyata biyu kawai da kuma tiyata a gemu. Ya ambaci rasa nauyi a farkon shekarun 1980 saboda canjin abincinsa don cimma jikin mai rawa.{{Sfn|Jackson|2009}}Shaidu sun ba da rahoton cewa sau da yawa yana da damuwa kuma ya yi hasashen cewa yana fama da [[Anorexia nervosa]]. Lokaci na asarar nauyi ya zama matsala mai maimaitawa daga baya a rayuwarsa.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Bayan Jackson ya mutu, mahaifiyarsa ta yi magana game da shi da farko ya juya zuwa hanyoyin kayan shafawa don magance vitiligo kuma ya guje wa kama da "mace mai tabo". Ta ce akwai fiye da tiyata biyu da ya yi iƙirarin, kuma ya yi hasashen cewa ɗanta ya zama mai jaraba da su. [[File:Michael_Jackson_with_Donna_Ashlock_1986_by_UPI_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Jackson tare da ɗanɗana Bubbles a cikin 1986]] An ruwaito a cikin shekara ta 1986 cewa Jackson ya kwanta a cikin ɗakin hyperbaric don jinkirta tsufa. Ya musanta labarin, kodayake an yi zargin cewa ya ɓoye hoton kansa yana barci a cikin ɗakin gilashi. Jackson ya ce harbi ne na gabatarwa daga wasan kwaikwayo na sararin samaniya mai zuwa wanda ke nuna shi, ''Kyaftin EO'', zuwa The National Enquirer . An kuma bayar da rahoton cewa ya sha allurar estrogen don kiyaye muryarsa da gashin fuska, ya ba [[Elizabeth Taylor]] kuma mai yiwuwa ya ajiye mata wuri mai tsarki, kuma an yi masa tiyata a idanunsa. Kocin Jackson Frank DiLeo ya musanta duk waɗannan da'awar sai dai don samun ɗakin. DiLeo ya kara da cewa, "Ban san ko yana barci a ciki ba. Ba ni da shi. Amma Michael yana tunanin wani abu ne mai yiwuwa yana da lafiya a gare shi. Yana da ɗan tsattsauran ra'ayi na lafiya". Lokacin da Jackson ya ɗauki ɗanɗansa Bubbles a kan yawon shakatawa a Japan, kafofin watsa labarai sun nuna shi a matsayin mai son wasan kwaikwayo na [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] wanda ya yi abokantaka da dabbobi. An kuma ruwaito cewa Jackson ya ba da shawarar sayen ƙasusuwan Joseph Merrick ("Mutumin Gishiri").{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A watan Yunin 1987, jaridar Chicago Tribune ta ba da rahoton cewa Jackson ya ba da dala miliyan 1 don kwarangwal daga Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Asibitin London a madadinsa. {{Spaces}}Kwalejin ta ci gaba da cewa kwarangwal ba don sayarwa ba ne. DiLeo ya ce Jackson yana da "sha'awar sha'awa" a cikin Merrick, "kawai bisa ga fahimtarsa game da muhimmancin ɗabi'a, kiwon lafiya da tarihi". Jackson ya yi aiki tare da George Lucas da Francis Ford Coppola a fim din 3D na minti 17, dala miliyan 30, ''Kyaftin EO'', wanda ya gudana daga 1986 a Disneyland da Epcot, sannan daga baya a Tokyo Disneyland da Yuro Disneyland . {{Spaces}}Bayan an cire shi a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, ya koma wurin shakatawa na shekaru da yawa bayan mutuwar Jackson.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 23, 2010 |title=Captain EO is Back to Change the World |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/02/23/captain-eo-is-back-to-change-the-world |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917171107/https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/02/23/captain-eo-is-back-to-change-the-world |archive-date=September 17, 2021 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=IGN}}</ref> A matsayinsa na Shaidar Jehovah, Jackson zai yi bishara daga kofa zuwa kofa yayin da yake sanye da tufafi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Waldman |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Waldman |date=July 6, 2009 |title=Michael Jackson on Religion, Celebrating the Sabbath and His Lost Childhood |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-SEB-3139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250903032746/https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-SEB-3139 |archive-date=September 3, 2025 |access-date=July 16, 2025 |website=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref> A shekara ta 1987, ''Ebony'' ya ba da rahoton cewa Jackson ya rabu da kansa daga Shaidun Jehovah.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url-status=143, 148–9}}</ref> Katherine Jackson ta ce wannan na iya kasancewa ne saboda wasu Shaidu sun yi tsayayya da bidiyon Thriller, wanda Michael ya yi tir da shi a cikin littafin Shaida a shekarar 1984. Duk da yake tsoffin mambobin galibi iyalansu suna guje wa su, mahaifiyar Jackson ta ci gaba da hulɗa da shi. A shekara ta 2001, Jackson ya gaya wa wani mai tambayoyin cewa har yanzu shi Shaidar Jehovah ne. === Bad, tarihin rayuwa da Neverland (1987-1990) === [[File:Michaeljacksonphoto_drewcohen.JPG|alt=A man is singing into a microphone under a spotlight. He wears a blue open-neck shirt over a white T-shirt, and dark pants. There are two colorfully-dressed men on either side of him.|left|thumb|Jackson (cibiyar) yana yin jerin rawa zuwa "The Way You Make Me Feel" a Bad World Tour a cikin 1988]] Jackson ya fitar da kundi na bakwai da ake tsammani, Bad, a ranar 31 ga watan Agusta, 1987. Bad ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 2.25 a cikin makon farko a Amurka, ya fara a lamba daya a kan ''Billboard'' 200, inda ya kasance na makonni shida.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 6, 1987 |title='Bad' Sales Not Bad, but Some Hoped for More |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-06-ca-12925-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720162129/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-06-ca-12925-story.html |archive-date=July 20, 2021 |access-date=July 20, 2021 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> Ya zama kundi na farko da ya samar da waƙoƙi guda biyar na Amurka: "Ba zan iya dakatar da ƙaunarka ba", "Bad", "Hanyar da za ku sa ni ji", "Mutum a cikin Mirror", da kuma "Dirty Diana". "Smooth Criminal" ya kai lamba bakwai. Bad ya lashe Grammy na 1988 don Mafi kyawun Rubuce-rubucen Injiniya - Ba na gargajiya ba da kuma Grammy na 1990 don Mafi kyawun Bidiyo na Kiɗa, gajeren tsari don "Bayar da Ni Ni kaɗai". <ref name="grammy mj" /> <ref name="Bruce">{{Cite web |title=Past Winners Search: Bruce Swedien |url=https://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=Bruce+Swedien&title=&year=All&genre=All |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718113434/http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=Bruce+Swedien&title=&year=All&genre=All |archive-date=July 18, 2011 |access-date=February 14, 2008 |publisher=The Recording Academy}}</ref> Jackson ya sami lambar yabo ta Achievement a American Music Awards a shekarar 1989 bayan Bad ya samar da mutane biyar masu lamba daya, ya zama kundi na farko da ya fara saman sigogi a kasashe 25, kuma shine kundin da aka fi sayarwa a duk duniya a shekarar 1987 da 1988. The Bad yawon shakatawa ya gudana daga Satumba 12, 1987, zuwa Janairu 27, 1989.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}A Japan, yana da sayarwa 14 kuma ya jawo mutane 570,000, kusan sau uku rikodin da ya gabata don yawon shakatawa guda ɗaya. Mutane 504,000 da suka halarci wasanni bakwai da aka sayar a Filin wasa na Wembley sun kafa sabon rikodin duniya na Guinness.<ref>{{Cite web |title=16 of Michael Jackson's Greatest Non-Musical Achievements |url=https://brainz.org/16-michael-jacksons-greatest-non-musical-achievements |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626164913/https://brainz.org/16-michael-jacksons-greatest-non-musical-achievements/ |archive-date=June 26, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=Brainz.org}}</ref> Bad cemented Jackson matsayin a matsayin mai rinjaye na kiɗa; kundin ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 35 a duk duniya, ya sanya shi cikin kundin da aka fi sayarwa a kowane lokaci. <ref name="k923">{{Cite web |last=Stevens |first=Tom |date=August 14, 2017 |title=Michael Jackson's Bad at 30: share your favourite albums of 1987 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/aug/14/michael-jacksons-bad-at-30-share-your-favourite-albums-of-1987 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204121206/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/aug/14/michael-jacksons-bad-at-30-share-your-favourite-albums-of-1987 |archive-date=December 4, 2017 |access-date=August 25, 2025 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=July 27, 2022 |title=The 25 Best-Selling Albums of All Time |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/music/best-selling-albums/the-best-selling-albums-of-all-time |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812154943/https://www.pastemagazine.com/music/best-selling-albums/the-best-selling-albums-of-all-time |archive-date=August 12, 2025 |access-date=August 25, 2025 |website=[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]]}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson1_1988.jpg|thumb|Jackson performing in [[Vienna]] in July 1988]] A watan Maris na shekara ta 1988, Jackson ya sayi kadada ,700 (11 ) na ƙasa kusa da Santa Ynez, California, don gina gida, Neverland Ranch, a farashin dala miliyan 17 (daidai da dala miliyan 46 a shekara ta 2025). {{Spaces}}Ya shigar da motar Ferris, karosel, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, da gidan zoo.<ref name="Malta" /> Ma'aikatan tsaro na 40 sun yi sintiri a filin.<ref name="Bio2" /> Ba da daɗewa ba, Jackson ya bayyana a cikin tallan talabijin na Yammacin da aka watsa a [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]]. A wannan lokacin, Jackson ya zama sananne a matsayin "Sarkin Pop", sunan laƙabi da masu tallata shi suka rungumi.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}{{Sfn|Tannenbaum|Marks|2011}}Lokacin da [[Elizabeth Taylor]] ta gabatar da shi da lambar yabo ta Soul Train Heritage a shekarar 1989, ta kira shi "sarkin gaskiya na pop, dutse da rai".{{Sfn|Campbell|1993}}Shugaba George H. W. Bush ya sanya shi "Artist of the Decade" na Fadar White House.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 1990 |title=Remarks on the Upcoming Summit with President Mikhail Gorbachev of the Soviet Union |url=https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=18331 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402184921/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=18331 |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=The American Presidency Project}}</ref> A lambar yabo ta BMI ta 38 a cikin 1990, Jackson ya zama mutum na farko da aka girmama shi da lambar yabo mai suna bayan mai karɓa. Daga 1985 zuwa 1990, Jackson ya ba da gudummawar $ 455,000 ga Asusun Kwalejin Negro na United, kuma duk ribar da ya samu daga "Man in the Mirror" ya tafi sadaka.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Ayyukansa na "You Were There" a bikin ranar haihuwar Sammy Davis Jr.'s 60th ya ba Jackson gabatarwa ta Emmy ta biyu. Jackson shine mai zane-zane mafi kyawun shekarun 1980. === Ayyukan zamantakewa ''Mai haɗari'' da na jama'a (1991-1993) === A watan Maris na shekara ta 1991, Jackson ya sabunta kwangilarsa tare da Sony don dala miliyan 65 (daidai da dala miliyan 154 a shekara ta 2025), yarjejeniyar da ta karya rikodin a lokacin. {{Spaces}}Ya fitar da kundi na takwas, Dangerous, a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 1991, tare da Teddy Riley. An tabbatar da shi sau takwas platinum a Amurka kuma ya sayar da kwafin miliyan 32 a duk duniya ta 2018.<ref name="Certifications">{{Cite web |title=Gold & Platinum Searchable Database – Jackson, Michael |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=michael+jackson#search_section |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075507/http://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Michael+Jackson#search_section |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=Recording Industry Association of America}}</ref> A Amurka, na farko, "Black or White", shi ne waƙar da ta fi dacewa da kundin; ya kasance lamba ɗaya a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100 na makonni bakwai kuma ya sami irin wannan nasarar a duk duniya.<ref name="Achievements">{{Cite web |date=November 2, 2006 |title=The return of the King of Pop |url=https://www.today.com/id/15529981 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927195945/http://www.today.com/id/15529981 |archive-date=September 27, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref> Na biyu, "Ka tuna da Lokaci" ya kai lamba ta uku a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100. A ƙarshen shekara ta 1992, Dangerous ita ce kundin da aka fi siyarwa a duniya, kuma "Black or White" ita ce mafi kyawun siyarwa na shekara a duniya a Billboard Music Awards. A shekara ta 1993, ya yi "Ka tuna da Lokaci" a Soul Train Music Awards yayin da yake zaune, yana mai cewa ya karkatar da idonsa yayin karatun rawa. A Burtaniya, "Heal the World" ya kai lamba ta biyu a kan sigogi a shekarar 1992. <ref name="OC">{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/16519/michael-jackson/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617220110/https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/16519/michael-jackson/ |archive-date=June 17, 2018 |access-date=April 7, 2019 |publisher=[[Official Charts]]}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson_(21022972230).jpg|left|thumb|Jackson a lokacin Dangerous World Tour a [[Monza]], Italiya, a cikin 1992]] Jackson ya kafa Gidauniyar Heal the World a shekarar 1992. Kungiyar agaji ta kawo yara marasa galihu zuwa ranch na Jackson don amfani da wuraren shakatawa na filin shakatawa kuma ta aika da miliyoyin daloli a duniya don taimakawa yara da ke fuskantar barazanar yaki, talauci, da cututtuka. A wannan watan Yuli, Jackson ya buga littafinsa na biyu, Dancing the Dream, tarin shayari. Don tallafawa Dangerous, Jackson ya fara rangadin duniya na biyu, Dangerous World Tour, don tara kuɗi don Gidauniyar Heal the World . Gidan yawon shakatawa ya gudana daga Yuni 1992 zuwa Nuwamba 1993, inda ya tara dala miliyan 100 (daidai da dala miliyan 220 a 2025) daga kide-kide 69 a wajen Amurka kuma ya jawo hankalin mutane sama da miliyan 3.5.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MJ's 'Dangerous' World Tour Raised Millions To Aid Children & Environment |url=https://www.michaeljackson.com/en-ca/news/mjs-dangerous-world-tour-raised-millions-to-aid-children-environment/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814180438/https://www.michaeljackson.com/en-ca/news/mjs-dangerous-world-tour-raised-millions-to-aid-children-environment/ |archive-date=August 14, 2024 |access-date=August 14, 2024 |publisher=Michael Jackson Official Site}}</ref> Jackson ya sayar da haƙƙin watsa shirye-shiryen don wasan kwaikwayo na Oktoba 1, 1992, a Bucharest ga HBO don dala miliyan 20 (daidai da dala miliyan 46 a cikin 2025), sannan mafi girman kuɗin da aka taɓa biya don mai wasan kwaikwayo ya bayyana a talabijin. {{Spaces}}Ya ba da gudummawar wani ɓangare na kuɗin don taimakawa yaran Romania.<ref name="Zad-1992" /> Bayan rasuwar mai magana da yawun [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]] kuma aboki Ryan White, Jackson ya bukaci gwamnatin Clinton a Bikin buɗewa na Bill Clinton da ta kara kudade ga kungiyoyin agaji na HIV / AIDS da bincike, kuma ta yi "Gone Too Soon", waƙar da aka keɓe ga White, da kuma "Heal the World" a bikin. Jackson ya ziyarci Afirka a farkon shekara ta 1992; a tashinsa ta farko a Gabon, mutane sama da 100,000 ne suka gaishe shi, wasu suna ɗauke da alamun da ke cewa "Barka da Gida Michael", kuma an ba shi matsayin Jami'in Dokar Merit ta Kasa daga Shugaba [[Omar Bongo]].<ref name="Ebony">{{Cite magazine|url-status=34–43}}</ref> A lokacin tafiyarsa zuwa Ivory Coast, Jackson ya jawo taron jama'a fiye da [[John Paul na Biyu|Paparoma John Paul II]] a ziyararsa ta baya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: The Thrill Of Thriller |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00zfxhf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218070931/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00zfxhf |archive-date=February 18, 2018 |access-date=January 1, 2024 |publisher=[[BBC World Service]]}}</ref> Wani shugaban kabilanci ne ya naɗa shi "Sarki Sani" a ƙauyen Ivory Coast na Krindjabo, inda ya gode wa manyan mutane a Faransanci da Ingilishi, ya sanya hannu kan takardun da ke tsara mulkinsa, kuma ya zauna a kan kursiyin zinariya yayin da yake jagorantar raye-raye na bikin.<ref name="Ebony" /> A watan Janairun 1993, Jackson ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a Super Bowl XXVII a Pasadena, California. Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa (NFL) ta nemi babban mai zane don kula da masu kallo a lokacin rabin lokaci biyo bayan raguwar yawan masu sauraro. Tare da masu kallo miliyan 133.4, shi ne Super Bowl na farko wanda wasan kwaikwayon rabin lokaci ya jawo masu sauraro da yawa fiye da wasan da kansa. Jackson ya yi "Jam", "Billie Jean", "Black or White", da kuma "Heal the World". Dangerous ya tashi wurare 90 a kan jadawalin kundin Amurka bayan wasan kwaikwayon.{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}} Jackson ya ba da hira ta minti 90 tare da Oprah Winfrey a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1993. Ya yi magana game da cin zarafin da ya fuskanta a lokacin yaro a hannun mahaifinsa, ya ce ya yi imanin cewa ya rasa yawancin yarantakarsa, kuma ya bayyana cewa sau da yawa yana kuka daga kaɗaici. Ya musanta jita-jita na tabloid cewa ya sayi ƙasusuwan Mutumin Gishiri, ya kwanta a cikin ɗakin iskar oxygen, ko kuma ya wanke fatarsa, kuma ya bayyana a karon farko cewa yana da vitiligo. Bayan hira, Dangerous ya sake shiga cikin jerin kundin Amurka a saman 10, fiye da shekara guda bayan da aka saki shi.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}}Tattaunawar ta zama hira ta talabijin da aka fi kallo a tarihin Amurka har zuwa yau, tare da masu kallo sama da miliyan 90. A watan Janairun 1993, Jackson ya lashe lambar yabo ta Amurka sau uku: Mafi kyawun Pop / Rock Album (Dangerous), Mafi kyawun Soul / R & B Single ("Ka tuna da Lokaci"), kuma ya zama mai karɓar lambar yabo ta farko ta International Artist Award of Excellence . A watan Fabrairu, ya sami lambar yabo ta "Living Legend Award" a 35th Annual Grammy Awards a Los Angeles . <ref name="grammy mj" /> Ya halarci bikin tare da Brooke Shields . An zabi Dangerous don Mafi kyawun Ayyukan Murya (don "Black ko White"), Mafi kyawun R & B Vocal Performance ("Jam"), da Mafi Kyawun R & B Song ("Jam), kuma Bruce Swedien da Teddy Riley sun lashe kyautar Grammy don Mafi Kyawun Injiniya - Ba na gargajiya ba.<ref name="Bruce" /> A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an yaba da Dangerous a matsayin babban nasarar da Jackson ya samu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: Dangerous |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/22044-dangerous/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527061951/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/22044-dangerous/ |archive-date=May 27, 2018 |access-date=November 23, 2019 |website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson's Dangerous |url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/michael-jacksons-dangerous-9781623566319/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328011606/http://bloomsbury.com/us/michael-jacksons-dangerous-9781623566319/ |archive-date=March 28, 2017 |access-date=December 1, 2019 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2009]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Articles with hAudio microformats]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] {{Databox}} mk7peoyiln0mg0y37qwlc6g9fzh17fz 961593 961592 2026-10-01T21:31:37Z Baffa ali 47435 961593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Michael Joseph Jackson''' (Agusta 29, 1958 - Yuni 25, 2009) mawaki ne na Amurka, marubuci, mai rawa, kuma mai taimakon jama'a. An yi masa lakabi da " '''Sarkin Pop''' ", ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutane a al'ada a ƙarni na 20. Nasarorin da ya samu a fannin wakokinsa sun karya shingen launin fata na Amurka kuma sun sanya shi ya zama fitaccen mutum a duniya . Ta hanyar waƙoƙinsa, bidiyon kiɗansa, kade-kade, da salon zamani, ya sauya yanayin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin waƙoƙin da aka fi sani, yana ƙara shahara a cikin rawar titi kamar su wasan moonwalk, robot, da kuma rawar da ba ta da nauyi . Ana ɗaukar Jackson a matsayin mafi kyawun mai nishadantarwa a kowane lokaci. {{Refn|Attributed to multiple sources:<ref>{{Cite news |last=Villarreal |first=Yvonne |date=June 29, 2009 |title=Remembering Michael Jackson: 'The Greatest Entertainer of All Time' |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-jun-29-et-jackson-tribute29-story.html |access-date=January 16, 2025 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=December 6, 2022 |title=Michael Jackson Was The Most Influential Entertainer Of The 20th Century & Shaped The Future Of Music, Dance & Film |url=https://okmagazine.com/p/michael-jackson-influential-entertainer-20th-century/ |access-date=December 24, 2024 |magazine=[[OK!]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Satariano |first=Adam |date=July 8, 2009 |title=Family, Fans Mourn Jackson at Site of Final Rehearsal |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2009-07-08/family-fans-mourn-jackson-at-site-of-final-rehearsal |access-date=January 16, 2025 |agency=[[Bloomberg News]] |quote="the greatest entertainer that ever lived." |archive-date=November 14, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251114023315/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2009-07-08/family-fans-mourn-jackson-at-site-of-final-rehearsal |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Bennett |first=Jessica |date=December 31, 2024 |title=The Greatest Live Performer Of Every Decade, 1950-Present |url=https://www.vibe.com/lists/greatest-live-performer-every-decade-1950-present/ |access-date=January 16, 2025 |magazine=[[Vibe (magazine)|Vibe]] |quote=Widely considered the greatest performer of all time, Michael Jackson}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ratliff |first=Michaela |date=August 29, 2024 |title='The greatest artist who ever lived': Michael Jackson leaves impact 15 years after death |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/greatest-artist-ever-lived-michael-195539668.html |access-date=January 16, 2025 |agency=[[Yahoo News]] |archive-date=January 27, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250127005129/https://www.yahoo.com/news/greatest-artist-ever-lived-michael-195539668.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=June 5, 2010 |title=Michael Jackson Immortalized |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-best-michael-jackson-songs-22188/ |access-date=December 25, 2024 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |quote=Michael Jackson, the greatest pop artist that ever lived |archive-date=September 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929202440/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-best-michael-jackson-songs-22188/ |url-status=live}}</ref>|group=nb}} Jackson, wanda shi ne mutum na takwas cikin yara goma a cikin dangin Jackson, ya fara bayyana a bainar jama'a yana da shekaru shida a matsayin babban mawaƙin Jackson 5 . Ya fara fitowa a matsayin fitaccen mawaki a fim ɗin ''Off the Wall'' (1979) kuma ya sami nasarar da ba a taɓa gani ba a duniya tare da ''Thriller'' (1982), wanda ya zama kundin waƙoƙi mafi sayarwa a tarihi. Bidiyon kiɗan " Thriller ", " Beat It ", da " Billie Jean " sun sake fasalta hanyar. ''Bad'' (1987) shine kundin farko da ya samar da waƙoƙi guda biyar na Amurka <nowiki><i id="mwOg">na Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100 masu lamba ɗaya: " I Just Can't Stop Loving You ", " Bad ", " The Way You Make Me Feeling ", " Man in the Mirror ", da " Dirty Diana ". ''Dangerous'' (1991) da ''HIStory'' (1995) suma sun yi nasara. Kundin wakokin Jackson na ƙarshe, <nowiki><i id="mwRQ">Invincible</i></nowiki> (2001), shine mafi tsada da aka taɓa yi . Daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980, Jackson ya zo karkashin binciken jama'a saboda dangantakarsa, salon rayuwa, da [[Lafiya da bayyanar Michael Jackson|canza bayyanar]]. an zarge shi da cin zarafin yaro a 1993 kuma ya zauna a waje da kotu a 1994. A shekara ta 2005, an yi masa shari'a kuma an wanke shi a kan wasu tuhume-tuhumen cin zarafin yara. Yayinda yake shirya don This Is It, jerin kide-kide na dawowa, ya mutu a shekara ta 2009 daga wuce gona da iri na propofol wanda likitansa, Conrad Murray ya gudanar. Mutuwarsa ta haifar da hauhawar da ba a taɓa gani ba a cikin zirga-zirgar intanet da kuma hauhawar tallace-tallace na kiɗa. Sakamakon Jackson bayan mutuwarsa sun hada da shirin Michael Jackson's This Is It (2009) da kuma kundin Michael (2010) da ''Xscape'' (2014). Shirin fim din Leaving Neverland na 2019 ya ba da cikakken bayani game da zargin cin zarafin yara a kan Jackson. Jackson yana daya daga cikin masu fasahar kiɗa mafi kyawun kowane lokaci, tare da kimanin tallace-tallace na fiye da miliyan 500 a duk duniya a matsayin mai zane-zane.{{Refn|The estimates of Michael Jackson's sales often vary up to 1{{nbsp}}billion records worldwide.<ref>{{cite news |title=Billboard Music Awards 2014: Michael Jackson hologram steals the show |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=May 19, 2014 |access-date=June 30, 2024 |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/michael-jackson/10840106/Billboard-Music-Awards-2014-Michael-Jackson-hologram-steals-the-show.html |archive-date=June 6, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606193639/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/michael-jackson/10840106/Billboard-Music-Awards-2014-Michael-Jackson-hologram-steals-the-show.html}} {{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/new-michael-jackson-song_n_5250500 |title=New Michael Jackson Song, 'Love Never Felt So Good,' Features Justin Timberlake |newspaper=[[HuffPost]] |agency=Reuters |date=May 1, 2014 |access-date=June 30, 2024 |archive-date=September 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915165131/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/new-michael-jackson-song_n_5250500 |url-status=live}}</ref>|group=nb}} Har ila yau, yana ɗaya daga cikin mawaƙa uku, tare da Paul McCartney da [[Phil collins|Phil Collins]], waɗanda suka sayar da fiye da miliyan 100 a matsayin mai zane-zane da kuma babban memba na ƙungiyar. &nbsp;Ya zira kwallaye 13 a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100 kuma shine kawai mai zane da ke da saman goma na Amurka a cikin shekaru sittin. Kyaututtuka sun hada da Grammy Awards 13, Grammy Legend Award, Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, 26 American Music Awards, 12 World Music Awards, 8 MTV Video Music Awards, 6 Brit Awards, da 3 US shugabancin girmamawa. An shigar da shi cikin Rock da Roll Hall of Fame sau biyu, da kuma Songwriters Hall of Fame da Dance Hall of Fame. Bayan ya ba da gudummawar kimanin dala miliyan 500, an yaba wa Jackson da saita ma'auni don aikin agaji na shahararrun mutane. Fim din Michael na 2026 shine Fim din tarihin rayuwa mafi girma a kowane lokaci, yayin da kundin kiɗa na Jackson ya kasance mafi kyawun siyarwa ga kowane mawaƙi. == Rayuwa da aiki == === Rayuwa ta farko da Jackson 5 (1958-1975) === [[File:Michael_Jackson's_birth_house_in_Gary_Indiana.jpg|left|thumb|Gidan yarinta na Jackson a Gary, Indiana, a cikin 2014]] An haifi Michael Joseph Jackson a ranar 29 ga watan Agusta, 1958, a Gary, Indiana. <ref name="allmusic">{{Cite web |last=Huey |first=Steve |title=Michael Jackson – Artist Biography |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-jackson-mn0000467203/biography |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150507080746/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-jackson-mn0000467203/biography |archive-date=May 7, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 24, 2014 |title=Michael Jackson: 10 Achievements That Made Him The King of Pop |url=https://www.grammy.com/blogs/michael-jackson-10-achievements-that-made-him-the-king-of-pop |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215072653/https://www.grammy.com/blogs/michael-jackson-10-achievements-that-made-him-the-king-of-pop |archive-date=February 15, 2017 |access-date=October 20, 2016 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref> Shi ne na takwas cikin yara goma a cikin Iyalin Jackson, dangin ma'aikata na Afirka da ke zaune a cikin Gida mai dakuna biyu a kan titin Jackson.{{Sfn|Jackson|2009}}{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Mahaifiyarsa, Katherine Jackson (née Scruse), Mashawarcin Jehovah, ta buga clarinet, cello, da piano; ta yi burin zama mai wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa da yamma, kuma ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a Sears.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Mahaifinsa, Joe Jackson, tsohon ɗan dambe ne kuma mai aiki a US Steel, wanda kuma ya buga guitar ga ƙungiyar rhythm da blues ta Falcons.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Ta hanyar mahaifinsa, Michael yana da asalin asalin Amurka (Choctaw); kakansa, Isra'ila Nero Jackson, ya yi amfani da kuma sayar da maganin gargajiya na asali, aikin da ya wuce daga mahaifinsa, Yuli "Jack" Gale, ɗan leƙen asirin Sojojin Amurka wanda ya auri Baƙar fata mai suna Gina kafin Yaƙin basasa. Michael yana da 'yan'uwa mata uku - Rebbie, La Toya, da [[Janet Jackson|Janet]] - da' yan'uwa maza biyar Jackie, [[Tito Jackson|Tito]], Jermaine, Marlon, da Randy.<ref name="Obit Guardian" /> Ɗan'uwa na shida, Brandon, tagwayen Marlon, ya mutu jim kadan bayan haihuwa. Michael da Marlon sun shiga Jackson Brothers a shekarar 1964, ƙungiyar da mahaifinsu suka kafa wacce ta riga ta hada da Jackie, Tito, da Jermaine. Da farko sun yi aiki a matsayin masu kiɗa na madadin, suna wasa [[Conga|congas]] da tambarin. Michael daga baya ya ce mahaifinsa ya wulakanta shi a jiki da motsin rai, yana tunawa da cewa a lokacin maimaitawa Joe sau da yawa yana zaune tare da bel a hannunsa, a shirye ya hukunta kurakurai.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}Joe ya yarda cewa yana yi masa bulala a kai a kai. Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, da Marlon sun musanta cewa mahaifinsu yana da zalunci, suna cewa bulala - Michael ya ji da yawa saboda shi ƙarami ne - ya ci gaba da horar da kungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jackson Brothers: Was Joe Jackson Abusive? |url=https://celebrity.yahoo.com/video/jackson-brothers-joe-jackson-abusive-170000051.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522073344/https://celebrity.yahoo.com/video/jackson-brothers-joe-jackson-abusive-170000051.html |archive-date=May 22, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Yahoo Celebrity]]}}</ref> Michael ya bayyana matashiyarsa a matsayin mai kaɗaici.{{Sfn|Young|2009}} A ƙarshen 1965, Michael ya fara raba murya tare da Jermaine, kuma an canza sunan kungiyar zuwa Jackson 5. Sun lashe wasan kwaikwayo na baiwa a wannan shekarar inda Michael ya yi rawa ga "Barefootin'" na Robert Parker kuma ya raira "My Girl".{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Daga 1966 zuwa 1968, Jackson 5 ya zagaya a ko'ina cikin Midwest, yana yin akai-akai a kan Chitlin' Circuit a matsayin aikin buɗewa ga masu fasaha kamar Sam & Dave, O'Jays, Gladys Knight, da Etta James. Sun kuma yi wasan kwaikwayo a cikin kulob da wuraren shakatawa waɗanda ke nuna wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma a cikin ɗakunan taro na gida da kuma raye-raye na makarantar sakandare.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}A watan Agustan 1967, yayin da suke yawon shakatawa a Gabashin Gabas, sun lashe gasar dare ta mako-mako a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Apollo a Harlem.{{Sfn|Young|2009}} [[File:The_Jackson_5_1972.JPG|left|thumb|Jackson (tsakiya) a matsayin memba da Jackson 5 a shekarar 1972. Kungiyar ta kasance daga cikin 'yan wasan Afirka na farko da suka sami babban mabiya.]] Jackson 5 sun rubuta waƙoƙi da yawa don lakabin Gary na Steeltown Records, sun saki waƙoƙin su na farko, "Big Boy", a cikin 1968.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Bobby Taylor na Bobby Taylor & the Vancouvers ya kawo kungiyar zuwa [[Motown]] bayan sun buɗe masa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Regal na Chicago a wannan shekarar. Taylor ta samar da wasu daga cikin rikodin Motown na farko, gami da sigar "Who's Lovin' You". Bayan sanya hannu tare da Motown, iyalin Jackson sun koma Los Angeles.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A shekara ta 1969, shugabannin Motown sun yanke shawarar cewa [[Diana Ross]] za ta gabatar da Jackson 5 ga jama'a - wani bangare don tallafawa aikinta na talabijin - ƙaddamar da abin da aka ɗauka samfurin Motown na ƙarshe na "layin samarwa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Harper |first=Phillip Brian |date=Winter 1989 |title=Synesthesia, 'Crossover,' and Blacks in Popular Music |journal=[[Social Text]] |issue=23 |page=110 |doi=10.2307/466423 |jstor=466423}}</ref> Kungiyar ta fara fitowa a talabijin a wannan shekarar a gasar Miss Black America, inda ta rufe "It's Your Thing". Rolling Stone daga baya ya bayyana saurayi Michael a matsayin "mai ban mamaki" tare da "kyautar kiɗa mai yawa" wanda da sauri ya zama babban jan hankali na ƙungiyar kuma jagorar mawaƙa. A watan Janairun 1970, "I Want You Back" ya zama na farko na Jackson 5 don isa lamba daya a kan <nowiki><i id="mwAUA">Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100, ya kasance a saman makonni hudu. Ƙarin waƙoƙi uku na Motown - "ABC", "The Love You Save", da "I'll Be There" - suma sun kai lamba ɗaya. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1971, dangin Jackson sun koma wani babban gida a kan Hayvenhurst Avenue, wani yanki na {{Convert|2|acre}} a Encino, California.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A wannan lokacin, Michael ya ci gaba daga ɗan wasan kwaikwayo zuwa gunkin matasa.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Tsakanin 1972 da 1975, ya fitar da kundin studio guda hudu tare da Motown: Got to Be There (1972), ''Ben'' (1972), Music & Me (1973), da Forever, Michael (1975). "Got to Be There" da "Ben", waƙoƙin taken daga waƙoƙinsa na farko guda biyu, an sayar da su da kyau a matsayin mutane, kamar yadda ya rufe Bobby Day na "Rockin' Robin".{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}} Michael ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da Jackson 5. Daga baya aka bayyana kungiyar a matsayin "a cutting-upper misali na baki crossover artists". Sun yi takaici da ƙin Motown ya ba su ƙwarewar ƙira. Ayyukan Michael na manyan biyar "Dancing Machine" a kan Soul Train ya taimaka wajen fadada rawa na robot.{{Sfn|St John|2004}}{{Sfn|Mansour|2005}} === Ka matsa zuwa Epic da ''Daga Ganuwar'' (1975-1981) === [[File:Michael_Jackson,_Diana_Ross,_Quincy_Jones,_"Diana"_(1981_CBS_press_photo).jpg|thumb|Jackson (hagu) da [[Quincy Jones]] (dama) sun bayyana tare da [./&#x3C;i&#x20;id= Diana_Ross" id="mwAYk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Diana Ross">Diana Ross] a kan ta na musamman, Diana, a watan Maris 1981.]] Jackson 5 sun bar Motown a 1975, sun sanya hannu tare da Epic Records kuma sun sake suna Jacksons.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Huey |first=Steve |title=The Jackson 5 – Artist Biography |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-jackson-5-mn0000083013/biography |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614154543/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-jackson-5-mn0000083013/biography |archive-date=June 14, 2020 |access-date=April 8, 2019 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> Yayan su Randy ya shiga ƙungiyar a wannan lokacin, yayin da Jermaine ya kasance tare da Motown don neman aikin solo.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Jacksons sun ci gaba da yawon shakatawa a duniya kuma sun saki wasu kundi shida tsakanin 1976 da 1984. Michael, babban marubucin waƙoƙin ƙungiyar a wannan lokacin, ya rubuta waƙoƙi kamar "Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground) " (1978), "This Place Hotel" (1980), da kuma "Can You Feel It" (1980). <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Jackson 5 Biography |url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/the-jackson-five/bio/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331180213/https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/the-jackson-five/bio |archive-date=March 31, 2019 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 1977, Jackson ya koma [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]] don ya fito a matsayin Scarecrow a cikin The ''Wiz'', fim din kiɗa wanda Sidney Lumet ya jagoranta kuma ya ƙunshi [[Diana Ross]], Nipsey Russell, da Ted Ross. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gibron |first=Bill |date=July 7, 2009 |title=You Can't Win Michael Jackson and 'The Wiz' |url=https://www.popmatters.com/feature/107586-you-cant-win-michael-jackson-and-the-wiz/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730230644/http://www.popmatters.com/feature/107586-you-cant-win-michael-jackson-and-the-wiz/ |archive-date=July 30, 2017 |access-date=May 10, 2017 |website=[[PopMatters]]}}</ref> Fim din ya gaza a ofishin akwatin.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}[[Quincy Jones]] ne ya shirya sa, wanda daga baya ya samar da kundi uku na solo na Jackson. {{Sfn|Bronson|2003}} A lokacin da yake New York, Jackson ya saba zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Studio 54, inda ya ji hip-hop na farko; wannan ya rinjayi beatboxing dinsa a kan waƙoƙi na baya kamar "Working Day and Night". Jackson ta biyar solo album kuma na farko a matsayin babba, Off the Wall (1979), ya kafa shi a matsayin solo player kuma ya nuna canjinsa daga bubblegum pop na ƙuruciyarsa zuwa mafi rikitarwa sauti.{{Sfn|Young|2009}}Kundin ya samar da shigarwa hudu a saman 10 a Amurka: "A waje da Wall", "Ta fita daga Rayuwata", da kuma taswirar taswirar "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa" da "Rock tare da Kai". Off the Wall ya kai lamba ta uku a kan <nowiki><i id="mwAc8">Billboard</i></nowiki> 200 kuma ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 20 a duk duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: Off The Wall |url=https://www.virginmedia.com/music/classicalbums/michaeljackson-offthewall.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701200501/https://www.virginmedia.com/music/classicalbums/michaeljackson-offthewall.php |archive-date=July 1, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Virgin Media]]}}</ref> {{Spaces}}Jackson ya lashe kyautar Grammy don Mafi kyawun R & B Vocal Performance na 1979 tare da "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa".<ref name="grammy mj">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Michael Jackson |url=https://www.grammy.com/artists/michael-jackson/13202 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117085231/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/michael-jackson |archive-date=November 17, 2017 |access-date=April 7, 2019 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref> A American Music Awards a farkon shekarun 1980, ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Single don "Kada ku dakatar da 'Har sai kun isa", kyaututtuka biyu a jere don Soul / R&B Album da aka fi so, da kuma Soul / R/B Male Artist . A shekara ta 1981, ya sake lashe lambar yabo ta Amurka don Kyautar Soul / R & B da Kyautar Soul/R & B Maza Mai Kyau. Jackson ya ji cewa Off the Wall ya kamata ya sami babban tasiri kuma ya ƙuduri aniyar wuce tsammanin tare da sakin sa na gaba.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A shekara ta 1980, ya sami mafi girman kuɗin sarauta a masana'antar kiɗa: kashi 37 cikin dari na ribar kundin.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}} === Thriller, ''Motown 25: jiya, Yau, Har abada'' da abin da ya faru na Pepsi (1981-1984) === [[File:Michael_Jackson_moonwalk_Motown_25_excerpt.ogv|thumbtime=0:10|thumb|Jackson demonstrating the moonwalk on the 1983 television special ''Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever'', which helped popularize the move]] Daga 1981 zuwa 1983, Jackson ya rubuta demos na "State of Shock", "Victory" da "There Must Be More to Life Than This" tare da jagoran Sarauniya [[Freddie Mercury]] don shirin kundin duet. Ba a kammala aikin ba; daga baya aka rubuta "State of Shock" tare da Mick Jagger don kundin Jacksons Victory (1984), kuma "There Must Be More to Life Than This" an sake shi bayan mutuwarsa a cikin 2014. A shekara ta 1982, Jackson ya ba da gudummawa ga "Wani a cikin Duhu" ga littafin sauti don fim din ET the Extra-Terrestrial . An saki kundi na shida na Jackson, Thriller, a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, 1982. Ya kasance kundin da aka fi sayarwa a duk duniya a 1983 <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 20, 1983 |title=Michael: He's Not Just the Rock Star of the Year, He's the Rock Star of the '80s |url=https://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB296D5B072064E&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904180807/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB296D5B072064E&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |archive-date=September 4, 2011 |access-date=July 5, 2010}}</ref> kuma daga ƙarshe ya zama kundin da akafi sayarwa a kowane lokaci a Amurka da kuma duniya baki daya, tare da kimanin miliyan 70 da aka sayar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamond Awards |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=T1A#search_section |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216154105/https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=DA#search_section |archive-date=February 16, 2017 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Crookes |first=Del |date=May 4, 2012 |title=Adele's 21 overtakes sales of Thriller in UK album list |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-17935650 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611174537/https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-17935650 |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |access-date=July 2, 2021 |website=[[Newsbeat]]}}</ref> Ya hau kan ''Billboard'' 200 na makonni 37 kuma ya kasance a saman ginshiƙi 10 na makonni 80 a jere. Thriller ya zama kundi na farko don samar da manyan mutane goma guda bakwai a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100, gami da lambar daya "Billie Jean" da "Beat It".{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}} A ranar 25 ga Maris, 1983, Jackson ya sake haɗuwa da 'yan uwansa don ''Motown 25: jiya, Yau, Har abada'', wani talabijin na NBC na musamman wanda aka watsa a ranar 16 ga Mayu ga kimanin masu sauraro miliyan 47. Ayyukan Jackson na solo na "Billie Jean" ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Emmy ta farko. Yana sanye da safofin hannu mai cike da rhinestone, ya fara tafiya a wata - wanda Jeffrey Daniel ya koya masa shekaru uku da suka gabata - wanda ya zama sa hannu na rawa. Jackson da farko ya ki gayyatar, yana gaskata cewa yana yin talabijin da yawa, amma ya amince da yin aiki a buƙatar wanda ya kafa Motown Berry Gordy don musayar wuri ɗaya.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Ayyukansa sun sami yabo sosai: Mikal Gilmore na Rolling Stone ya kira shi "mai ban mamaki", kuma mai sukar The New York Times Anna Kisselgoff ya yaba da lokacin da dabarar rawa, yayin da Gordy ya ce an "masu banƙyama".{{Sfn|Young|2009}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Berry Gordy Addresses Michael Jackson Memorial Service |url=https://www.hark.com/clips/lxbvwzgnms-berry-gordy-addresses-michael-jackson-memorial-service |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509134117/https://www.hark.com/clips/lxbvwzgnms-berry-gordy-addresses-michael-jackson-memorial-service |archive-date=May 9, 2013 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=Hark}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson_with_Grammy_Awards_in_1984.jpg|left|thumb|Jackson a Grammy Awards na 26, inda ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, ya karya rikodin mafi yawan nasarori a cikin dare ɗaya]] A 26th Annual Grammy Awards, Jackson ya sami gabatarwa 12 - mafi yawa a cikin dare ɗaya a lokacin (daga baya an ɗaure shi da Babyface) - kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, ya karya rikodin don mafi yawan nasarori a cikin dare guda (daga baya Santana ya ɗaure shi). <ref name="grammy mj" /> Thriller ya sami gabatarwa 13, mafi yawa ga kowane kundi, kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas, gami da Best Engineered Recording (Ba na gargajiya ba) don aikin Bruce Swedien. Jackson ya lashe kyaututtuka bakwai da suka danganci kundin, gami da Album of the Year for Thriller da Record of the Year don "Beat It", kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ga ET the Extra-Terrestrial storybook . <ref name="grammy mj" /> A 11th Annual American Music Awards, Jackson ya lashe wasu kyaututtuka takwas kuma ya zama ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mafi ƙanƙanta da ya karɓi Kyautar Kyauta. Ya kuma lashe kyautar Maza Mai Farin Ciki, Mai Farin R & B Mai Farin Diki, da Mai Farin Pop / Rock Mai Farin. "Beat It" ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Video, Pop / Rock Video, da Pop / Rock Single. Kundin ya lashe kyautar Soul / R & B Album da Pop / Rock Album.<ref name="Awards 1984" /> Tallace-tallace na Thriller sun ninka sau biyu bayan fitowar bidiyon kiɗa mai tsawo don waƙarsa ta taken, wanda ke nuna Jackson yana rawa tare da ƙungiyar zombies. Nasarar ta canza Jackson zuwa babban karfi a cikin al'adun gargajiya na duniya, kuma kundin "ya ci nasara a rabuwa da launin fata". Yana da mafi girman darajar sarauta a masana'antar kiɗa a wannan lokacin, yana samun kusan $ 2 ga kowane kundin da aka sayar (daidai da $ 6 ), kuma yana samun riba mai ban mamaki. A cikin wannan shekarar, The Making of Michael Jackson's Thriller, wani shirin fim game da bidiyon kiɗa, ya lashe Grammy don Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo na Kiɗa (Longform). <ref name="grammy mj" /> ''Lokaci'' ya bayyana tasirin Jackson a lokacin a matsayin "tauraron rikodin, rediyo, bidiyon dutse. Kungiyar ceto ta mutum ɗaya don kasuwancin kiɗa. Marubucin waƙa wanda ya saita bugun na shekaru goma. Mai rawa tare da ƙafafu mafi kyau a kan titi. Mawakin da ke yanke duk iyakokin dandano da salon da launi ma.<ref name="Time" />The New York Times ya rubuta, "a cikin duniyar kiɗa, akwai Michael Jackson kuma akwai kowa da kowa". Jackson da 'yan uwansa sun yi haɗin gwiwa tare da PepsiCo a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1983 don yarjejeniyar tallace-tallace ta dala miliyan 5, inda suka kafa sabon rikodin don amincewar shahararrun mutane (daidai da dala miliyan 16.2 a shekarar 2025). {{Spaces}}Kamfen na farko na [[Pepsi]], wanda ya gudana a Amurka daga 1983 zuwa 1984 kuma ya ƙaddamar da taken "Sabon Zamani" na kamfanin, ya haɗa da tallafawa yawon shakatawa, abubuwan da suka faru na hulɗa da jama'a, da nune-nunen cikin shagon. Jackson ya taimaka wajen kirkirar talla kuma ya ba da shawarar amfani da waƙarsa "Billie Jean", tare da sake fasalin kalmomin, a matsayin jingle. [[File:The_Jacksons_Victory_Tour_by_Michael_Goulding_Nov_30_1984_2.jpg|right|thumb|Jackson yana aiki tare da Jacksons a [[Los Angeles]] a lokacin Victory Tour a 1984]] A ranar 27 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1984, Michael da sauran mambobin Jacksons sun yi fim din tallace-tallace na Pepsi a Shrine Auditorium a Los Angeles, wanda Phil Dusenberry ke kula da shi, babban jami'in tallace-kallace na BBDO, da Alan Pottasch, Darakta na Pepsi na Duniya. A lokacin wasan kwaikwayo na kwaikwayon a gaban cikakken masu sauraro, pyrotechnics ba zato ba tsammani ya sa gashin Jackson a wuta, wanda ya haifar da [[ƙonewa]] na biyu ga gashin kansa. Ya sami magani don ɓoye alamun kuma ya sami rhinoplasty na uku jim kadan bayan haka. Pepsi ya zauna a waje da kotu, kuma Jackson ya ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 1.5 (daidai da dala miliyan 4.6 a 2025) ga Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Brotman a Culver City, California; Cibiyar Michael Jackson Burn da aka rufe yanzu an sanya masa suna don girmama shi.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}{{Spaces}}Jackson ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya ta biyu tare da Pepsi a ƙarshen shekarun 1980 don dala miliyan 10 (daidai da dala miliyan 28.3 a cikin 2025). {{Spaces}}Yaƙin neman zaɓe na biyu ya rufe ƙasashe 20 kuma ya ba da tallafin kuɗi ga Jackson's Bad album da yawon shakatawa na duniya na 1987-1988. Jackson kuma yana da amincewa da yarjejeniyar talla tare da kamfanoni kamar LA Gear, Suzuki, da Sony, amma babu wanda ya kasance mai mahimmanci kamar yarjejeniyarsa da Pepsi. Yawon shakatawa na Nasara na 1984 ya jagoranci Jacksons kuma ya nuna sabon kayan solo na Jackson ga fiye da Amurkawa miliyan biyu. Wannan shi ne yawon shakatawa na karshe da ya yi tare da 'yan uwansa. Bayan jayayya game da sayar da tikitin kide-kide, Jackson ya ba da rabonsa na kuɗin da aka samu - wanda aka kiyasta ya kai dala miliyan 3 zuwa 5 - ga sadaka.<ref name="Humanitarian">{{Cite web |last=Vogel |first=Joseph |author-link=Joseph Vogel (author) |date=September 24, 2017 |title=Michael Jackson's Forgotten Humanitarian Legacy |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/michael-jacksons-forgotten-humanitarian-legacy_b_59c7c8d3e4b08d661550436a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108075919/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/michael-jacksons-forgotten-humanitarian-legacy_b_59c7c8d3e4b08d661550436a |archive-date=November 8, 2021 |access-date=December 1, 2021 |website=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> A lokacin wasan kwaikwayo na karshe na Victory Tour a Filin wasa na Dodger a Los Angeles, Jackson ya sanar da rabuwa da Jacksons a lokacin "Shake Your Body". === "Mu ne Duniya" da sauran ayyukan kasuwanci (1985) === [[File:Michael_Jackson_autographing_'We_Are_The_World'_posters_1985.jpg|thumb|Jackson ya sanya hannu kan hoton "Mu ne Duniya" a shekarar 1985]] Tare da Lionel Richie, Jackson ya rubuta waƙar sadaka "We Are the World" (1985), wanda ya tara kuɗi ga matalauta a Amurka da Afirka.<ref name="WATW">{{Cite web |title=Past Winners Search: "We Are the World" |url=https://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=&field_nominee_work_value=%22We+Are+The+World%22&year=All&genre=All |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416205907/http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=&field_nominee_work_value=%22We+Are+The+World%22&year=All&genre=All |archive-date=April 16, 2014 |access-date=January 29, 2014 |publisher=The Recording Academy}}</ref><ref name="jdoyle">{{Cite web |last=Doyle |first=Jack |date=July 7, 2009 |title="Michael & McCartney": 1980s–2009 |url=https://www.pophistorydig.com/topics/michael-mccartney-1980s-2009/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150613002206/http://www.pophistorydig.com/topics/michael-mccartney-1980s-2009/ |archive-date=June 13, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=The Pop History Dig}}</ref> Ya sami dala miliyan 63 (daidai da dala miliyan 189 a cikin 2025), kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin Mafi kyawun sayarwa na kowane lokaci, tare da sayar da kwafin miliyan 20. <ref name="jdoyle" /> {{Spaces}}{{Spaces}}Ya lashe Grammy Awards hudu a 1985, ciki har da Song of the Year ga Jackson da Richie . <ref name="WATW" /> Jackson, Jones, da mai gabatarwa Ken Kragen sun sami kyaututtuka na musamman saboda rawar da suka taka a cikin waƙar. <ref name="WATW" /> {{Sfn|Campbell|1993}}{{Sfn|Young|2009}} Jackson ya yi aiki tare da Paul McCartney a farkon shekarun 1980 kuma ya koyi cewa McCartney yana samun dala miliyan 40 a shekara daga mallakar haƙƙin waƙoƙin wasu masu fasaha.<ref name="jdoyle" /> {{Spaces}}A shekara ta 1983, Jackson ya fara sayen haƙƙin bugawa ga waƙoƙin wasu, amma ya zaɓi abubuwan da ya samu, yana ba da kuɗi kaɗan daga cikin littattafan da aka ba shi. Jackson ya sayi kundin kiɗa da haƙƙin mallaka na waƙa, kamar tarin [[Sly Stone]], sun haɗa da "Mutanen yau da kullun" (1968), Len Barry's "1-2-3" (1965), da Dion DiMucci's "The Wanderer" (1961) da "Runaround Sue" (1961). A shekara ta 1984, Robert Holmes a Kotun ya sanar da cewa yana sayar da kundin ATV Music Publishing, wanda ya ƙunshi haƙƙin bugawa ga kusan waƙoƙi 4,000, gami da mafi yawan kayan [[The Beatles|Beatles]]. A cikin 1981, an ba McCartney kundin don fam miliyan 20 ($ miliyan 40) (daidai da dala miliyan 142 a cikin 2025). <ref name="jdoyle" /><ref name="mcca atv">{{Cite web |date=November 13, 2010 |title=Paul McCartney refused an offer to buy the ATV Catalog for £20 million ($40 million) |url=https://mjjinfo.blogspot.fr/2010/11/paul-mccartney-refused-to-buy-atv.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529221446/http://mjjinfo.blogspot.fr/2010/11/paul-mccartney-refused-to-buy-atv.html |archive-date=May 29, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=Mjjinfo.blogspot.fr}}</ref> {{Spaces}}{{Spaces}}Jackson ya gabatar da tayin dala miliyan 46 (daidai da dala miliyan 143 a 2025) a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 1984.<ref name="hilburn" /> {{Spaces}}Lokacin da Jackson da McCartney ba su iya yin sayan hadin gwiwa ba, McCartney bai so ya zama mai mallakar waƙoƙin Beatles ba kuma bai bi tayin kansa ba.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}<ref name="mcca atv" />Wakilan Jackson ba su iya cimma yarjejeniya ba, kuma a watan Mayu 1985 sun bar tattaunawar bayan sun kashe fiye da dala miliyan 1 da watanni hudu a kan aikin da ya dace.<ref name="hilburn" />{{Spaces}} A watan Yunin 1985, Jackson da Branca sun koyi cewa Charles Koppelman da Martin Bandier's The Entertainment Company sun yi ƙoƙari su sayi ATV Music na dala miliyan 50. {{Spaces}}A farkon watan Agusta, Holmes a Kotun ya tuntubi Jackson kuma an ci gaba da tattaunawa. An karɓi karuwar tayin Jackson na dala miliyan 47.5 (daidai da dala miliyan 142 a 2025) saboda zai iya rufe yarjejeniyar da sauri, bayan ya riga ya kammala aikin da ya dace. {{Spaces}}Jackson ya amince ya ziyarci Holmes à Court a Ostiraliya, inda zai bayyana a Channel Seven Perth Telethon . An kammala sayen ATV Music a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, 1985. <ref name="hilburn" /><ref name="jdoyle" /> === Ƙarin hasashe na tabloid (1986-1987) === Fata na Jackson ya kasance matsakaici-launin launin ruwan kasa a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, amma daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980 ya zama mai laushi a hankali. Canjin ya jawo yaduwar kafofin watsa labarai, gami da hasashe cewa yana wanke fata.{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}}{{Sfn|Parameswaran|2011}}{{Sfn|DeMello|2012}}Likitan jikinsa, Arnold Klein, ya ce ya lura a 1983 cewa Jackson yana da [[vitiligo]], yanayin da ke nuna alamar fata da ke rasa launi. Ya kuma gano discoid lupus erythematosus a Jackson. Klein ya gano Jackson da lupus a wannan shekarar <ref name="Rosenberg" /> da kuma vitiligo a 1986. Babban tasirin Vitiligo akan jiki na iya haifar da damuwa ta hankali. Jackson ya yi amfani da kayan shafa masu launi mai kyau kuma mai yiwuwa cream mai tsabtace fata don rufe tabo da ba daidai ba wanda cutar ta haifar. Creams za su cire tabo, kuma tare da kayan shafa zai iya bayyana sosai.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Jackson ya ce bai yi wa fata fata ba kuma bai iya sarrafa vitiligo ba, ya kara da cewa, "Lokacin da mutane suka kirkiro labarun da ba na so in zama wanda ni ne, yana cutar da ni. " Ya zama abokantaka da mataimakin Klein da Klein, Debbie Rowe. Rowe daga baya ta zama matar Jackson ta biyu kuma mahaifiyar 'ya'yansa biyu na farko. Jackson ya tattauna a cikin tarihin kansa na 1988 da kuma hira da aka yi da shi a 1993 yana da tiyata biyu kawai da kuma tiyata a gemu. Ya ambaci rasa nauyi a farkon shekarun 1980 saboda canjin abincinsa don cimma jikin mai rawa.{{Sfn|Jackson|2009}}Shaidu sun ba da rahoton cewa sau da yawa yana da damuwa kuma ya yi hasashen cewa yana fama da [[Anorexia nervosa]]. Lokaci na asarar nauyi ya zama matsala mai maimaitawa daga baya a rayuwarsa.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Bayan Jackson ya mutu, mahaifiyarsa ta yi magana game da shi da farko ya juya zuwa hanyoyin kayan shafawa don magance vitiligo kuma ya guje wa kama da "mace mai tabo". Ta ce akwai fiye da tiyata biyu da ya yi iƙirarin, kuma ya yi hasashen cewa ɗanta ya zama mai jaraba da su. [[File:Michael_Jackson_with_Donna_Ashlock_1986_by_UPI_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Jackson tare da ɗanɗana Bubbles a cikin 1986]] An ruwaito a cikin shekara ta 1986 cewa Jackson ya kwanta a cikin ɗakin hyperbaric don jinkirta tsufa. Ya musanta labarin, kodayake an yi zargin cewa ya ɓoye hoton kansa yana barci a cikin ɗakin gilashi. Jackson ya ce harbi ne na gabatarwa daga wasan kwaikwayo na sararin samaniya mai zuwa wanda ke nuna shi, ''Kyaftin EO'', zuwa The National Enquirer . An kuma bayar da rahoton cewa ya sha allurar estrogen don kiyaye muryarsa da gashin fuska, ya ba [[Elizabeth Taylor]] kuma mai yiwuwa ya ajiye mata wuri mai tsarki, kuma an yi masa tiyata a idanunsa. Kocin Jackson Frank DiLeo ya musanta duk waɗannan da'awar sai dai don samun ɗakin. DiLeo ya kara da cewa, "Ban san ko yana barci a ciki ba. Ba ni da shi. Amma Michael yana tunanin wani abu ne mai yiwuwa yana da lafiya a gare shi. Yana da ɗan tsattsauran ra'ayi na lafiya". Lokacin da Jackson ya ɗauki ɗanɗansa Bubbles a kan yawon shakatawa a Japan, kafofin watsa labarai sun nuna shi a matsayin mai son wasan kwaikwayo na [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] wanda ya yi abokantaka da dabbobi. An kuma ruwaito cewa Jackson ya ba da shawarar sayen ƙasusuwan Joseph Merrick ("Mutumin Gishiri").{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}A watan Yunin 1987, jaridar Chicago Tribune ta ba da rahoton cewa Jackson ya ba da dala miliyan 1 don kwarangwal daga Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Asibitin London a madadinsa. {{Spaces}}Kwalejin ta ci gaba da cewa kwarangwal ba don sayarwa ba ne. DiLeo ya ce Jackson yana da "sha'awar sha'awa" a cikin Merrick, "kawai bisa ga fahimtarsa game da muhimmancin ɗabi'a, kiwon lafiya da tarihi". Jackson ya yi aiki tare da George Lucas da Francis Ford Coppola a fim din 3D na minti 17, dala miliyan 30, ''Kyaftin EO'', wanda ya gudana daga 1986 a Disneyland da Epcot, sannan daga baya a Tokyo Disneyland da Yuro Disneyland . {{Spaces}}Bayan an cire shi a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, ya koma wurin shakatawa na shekaru da yawa bayan mutuwar Jackson.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 23, 2010 |title=Captain EO is Back to Change the World |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/02/23/captain-eo-is-back-to-change-the-world |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917171107/https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/02/23/captain-eo-is-back-to-change-the-world |archive-date=September 17, 2021 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=IGN}}</ref> A matsayinsa na Shaidar Jehovah, Jackson zai yi bishara daga kofa zuwa kofa yayin da yake sanye da tufafi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Waldman |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Waldman |date=July 6, 2009 |title=Michael Jackson on Religion, Celebrating the Sabbath and His Lost Childhood |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-SEB-3139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250903032746/https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-SEB-3139 |archive-date=September 3, 2025 |access-date=July 16, 2025 |website=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref> A shekara ta 1987, ''Ebony'' ya ba da rahoton cewa Jackson ya rabu da kansa daga Shaidun Jehovah.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url-status=143, 148–9}}</ref> Katherine Jackson ta ce wannan na iya kasancewa ne saboda wasu Shaidu sun yi tsayayya da bidiyon Thriller, wanda Michael ya yi tir da shi a cikin littafin Shaida a shekarar 1984. Duk da yake tsoffin mambobin galibi iyalansu suna guje wa su, mahaifiyar Jackson ta ci gaba da hulɗa da shi. A shekara ta 2001, Jackson ya gaya wa wani mai tambayoyin cewa har yanzu shi Shaidar Jehovah ne. === Bad, tarihin rayuwa da Neverland (1987-1990) === [[File:Michaeljacksonphoto_drewcohen.JPG|alt=A man is singing into a microphone under a spotlight. He wears a blue open-neck shirt over a white T-shirt, and dark pants. There are two colorfully-dressed men on either side of him.|left|thumb|Jackson (cibiyar) yana yin jerin rawa zuwa "The Way You Make Me Feel" a Bad World Tour a cikin 1988]] Jackson ya fitar da kundi na bakwai da ake tsammani, Bad, a ranar 31 ga watan Agusta, 1987. Bad ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 2.25 a cikin makon farko a Amurka, ya fara a lamba daya a kan ''Billboard'' 200, inda ya kasance na makonni shida.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 6, 1987 |title='Bad' Sales Not Bad, but Some Hoped for More |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-06-ca-12925-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720162129/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-06-ca-12925-story.html |archive-date=July 20, 2021 |access-date=July 20, 2021 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> Ya zama kundi na farko da ya samar da waƙoƙi guda biyar na Amurka: "Ba zan iya dakatar da ƙaunarka ba", "Bad", "Hanyar da za ku sa ni ji", "Mutum a cikin Mirror", da kuma "Dirty Diana". "Smooth Criminal" ya kai lamba bakwai. Bad ya lashe Grammy na 1988 don Mafi kyawun Rubuce-rubucen Injiniya - Ba na gargajiya ba da kuma Grammy na 1990 don Mafi kyawun Bidiyo na Kiɗa, gajeren tsari don "Bayar da Ni Ni kaɗai". <ref name="grammy mj" /> <ref name="Bruce">{{Cite web |title=Past Winners Search: Bruce Swedien |url=https://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=Bruce+Swedien&title=&year=All&genre=All |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718113434/http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=Bruce+Swedien&title=&year=All&genre=All |archive-date=July 18, 2011 |access-date=February 14, 2008 |publisher=The Recording Academy}}</ref> Jackson ya sami lambar yabo ta Achievement a American Music Awards a shekarar 1989 bayan Bad ya samar da mutane biyar masu lamba daya, ya zama kundi na farko da ya fara saman sigogi a kasashe 25, kuma shine kundin da aka fi sayarwa a duk duniya a shekarar 1987 da 1988. The Bad yawon shakatawa ya gudana daga Satumba 12, 1987, zuwa Janairu 27, 1989.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}A Japan, yana da sayarwa 14 kuma ya jawo mutane 570,000, kusan sau uku rikodin da ya gabata don yawon shakatawa guda ɗaya. Mutane 504,000 da suka halarci wasanni bakwai da aka sayar a Filin wasa na Wembley sun kafa sabon rikodin duniya na Guinness.<ref>{{Cite web |title=16 of Michael Jackson's Greatest Non-Musical Achievements |url=https://brainz.org/16-michael-jacksons-greatest-non-musical-achievements |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626164913/https://brainz.org/16-michael-jacksons-greatest-non-musical-achievements/ |archive-date=June 26, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=Brainz.org}}</ref> Bad cemented Jackson matsayin a matsayin mai rinjaye na kiɗa; kundin ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 35 a duk duniya, ya sanya shi cikin kundin da aka fi sayarwa a kowane lokaci. <ref name="k923">{{Cite web |last=Stevens |first=Tom |date=August 14, 2017 |title=Michael Jackson's Bad at 30: share your favourite albums of 1987 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/aug/14/michael-jacksons-bad-at-30-share-your-favourite-albums-of-1987 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204121206/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/aug/14/michael-jacksons-bad-at-30-share-your-favourite-albums-of-1987 |archive-date=December 4, 2017 |access-date=August 25, 2025 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=July 27, 2022 |title=The 25 Best-Selling Albums of All Time |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/music/best-selling-albums/the-best-selling-albums-of-all-time |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812154943/https://www.pastemagazine.com/music/best-selling-albums/the-best-selling-albums-of-all-time |archive-date=August 12, 2025 |access-date=August 25, 2025 |website=[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]]}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson1_1988.jpg|thumb|Jackson performing in [[Vienna]] in July 1988]] A watan Maris na shekara ta 1988, Jackson ya sayi kadada ,700 (11 ) na ƙasa kusa da Santa Ynez, California, don gina gida, Neverland Ranch, a farashin dala miliyan 17 (daidai da dala miliyan 46 a shekara ta 2025). {{Spaces}}Ya shigar da motar Ferris, karosel, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, da gidan zoo.<ref name="Malta" /> Ma'aikatan tsaro na 40 sun yi sintiri a filin.<ref name="Bio2" /> Ba da daɗewa ba, Jackson ya bayyana a cikin tallan talabijin na Yammacin da aka watsa a [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]]. A wannan lokacin, Jackson ya zama sananne a matsayin "Sarkin Pop", sunan laƙabi da masu tallata shi suka rungumi.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}{{Sfn|Tannenbaum|Marks|2011}}Lokacin da [[Elizabeth Taylor]] ta gabatar da shi da lambar yabo ta Soul Train Heritage a shekarar 1989, ta kira shi "sarkin gaskiya na pop, dutse da rai".{{Sfn|Campbell|1993}}Shugaba George H. W. Bush ya sanya shi "Artist of the Decade" na Fadar White House.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 1990 |title=Remarks on the Upcoming Summit with President Mikhail Gorbachev of the Soviet Union |url=https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=18331 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402184921/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=18331 |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=The American Presidency Project}}</ref> A lambar yabo ta BMI ta 38 a cikin 1990, Jackson ya zama mutum na farko da aka girmama shi da lambar yabo mai suna bayan mai karɓa. Daga 1985 zuwa 1990, Jackson ya ba da gudummawar $ 455,000 ga Asusun Kwalejin Negro na United, kuma duk ribar da ya samu daga "Man in the Mirror" ya tafi sadaka.{{Sfn|Taraborrelli|2009}}Ayyukansa na "You Were There" a bikin ranar haihuwar Sammy Davis Jr.'s 60th ya ba Jackson gabatarwa ta Emmy ta biyu. Jackson shine mai zane-zane mafi kyawun shekarun 1980. === Ayyukan zamantakewa ''Mai haɗari'' da na jama'a (1991-1993) === A watan Maris na shekara ta 1991, Jackson ya sabunta kwangilarsa tare da Sony don dala miliyan 65 (daidai da dala miliyan 154 a shekara ta 2025), yarjejeniyar da ta karya rikodin a lokacin. {{Spaces}}Ya fitar da kundi na takwas, Dangerous, a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 1991, tare da Teddy Riley. An tabbatar da shi sau takwas platinum a Amurka kuma ya sayar da kwafin miliyan 32 a duk duniya ta 2018.<ref name="Certifications">{{Cite web |title=Gold & Platinum Searchable Database – Jackson, Michael |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=michael+jackson#search_section |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075507/http://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Michael+Jackson#search_section |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |publisher=Recording Industry Association of America}}</ref> A Amurka, na farko, "Black or White", shi ne waƙar da ta fi dacewa da kundin; ya kasance lamba ɗaya a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100 na makonni bakwai kuma ya sami irin wannan nasarar a duk duniya.<ref name="Achievements">{{Cite web |date=November 2, 2006 |title=The return of the King of Pop |url=https://www.today.com/id/15529981 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927195945/http://www.today.com/id/15529981 |archive-date=September 27, 2015 |access-date=May 31, 2015 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref> Na biyu, "Ka tuna da Lokaci" ya kai lamba ta uku a kan ''Billboard'' Hot 100. A ƙarshen shekara ta 1992, Dangerous ita ce kundin da aka fi siyarwa a duniya, kuma "Black or White" ita ce mafi kyawun siyarwa na shekara a duniya a Billboard Music Awards. A shekara ta 1993, ya yi "Ka tuna da Lokaci" a Soul Train Music Awards yayin da yake zaune, yana mai cewa ya karkatar da idonsa yayin karatun rawa. A Burtaniya, "Heal the World" ya kai lamba ta biyu a kan sigogi a shekarar 1992. <ref name="OC">{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/16519/michael-jackson/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617220110/https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/16519/michael-jackson/ |archive-date=June 17, 2018 |access-date=April 7, 2019 |publisher=[[Official Charts]]}}</ref> [[File:Michael_Jackson_(21022972230).jpg|left|thumb|Jackson a lokacin Dangerous World Tour a [[Monza]], Italiya, a cikin 1992]] Jackson ya kafa Gidauniyar Heal the World a shekarar 1992. Kungiyar agaji ta kawo yara marasa galihu zuwa ranch na Jackson don amfani da wuraren shakatawa na filin shakatawa kuma ta aika da miliyoyin daloli a duniya don taimakawa yara da ke fuskantar barazanar yaki, talauci, da cututtuka. A wannan watan Yuli, Jackson ya buga littafinsa na biyu, Dancing the Dream, tarin shayari. Don tallafawa Dangerous, Jackson ya fara rangadin duniya na biyu, Dangerous World Tour, don tara kuɗi don Gidauniyar Heal the World . Gidan yawon shakatawa ya gudana daga Yuni 1992 zuwa Nuwamba 1993, inda ya tara dala miliyan 100 (daidai da dala miliyan 220 a 2025) daga kide-kide 69 a wajen Amurka kuma ya jawo hankalin mutane sama da miliyan 3.5.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MJ's 'Dangerous' World Tour Raised Millions To Aid Children & Environment |url=https://www.michaeljackson.com/en-ca/news/mjs-dangerous-world-tour-raised-millions-to-aid-children-environment/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814180438/https://www.michaeljackson.com/en-ca/news/mjs-dangerous-world-tour-raised-millions-to-aid-children-environment/ |archive-date=August 14, 2024 |access-date=August 14, 2024 |publisher=Michael Jackson Official Site}}</ref> Jackson ya sayar da haƙƙin watsa shirye-shiryen don wasan kwaikwayo na Oktoba 1, 1992, a Bucharest ga HBO don dala miliyan 20 (daidai da dala miliyan 46 a cikin 2025), sannan mafi girman kuɗin da aka taɓa biya don mai wasan kwaikwayo ya bayyana a talabijin. {{Spaces}}Ya ba da gudummawar wani ɓangare na kuɗin don taimakawa yaran Romania.<ref name="Zad-1992" /> Bayan rasuwar mai magana da yawun [[Kanjamau|HIV / AIDS]] kuma aboki Ryan White, Jackson ya bukaci gwamnatin Clinton a Bikin buɗewa na Bill Clinton da ta kara kudade ga kungiyoyin agaji na HIV / AIDS da bincike, kuma ta yi "Gone Too Soon", waƙar da aka keɓe ga White, da kuma "Heal the World" a bikin. Jackson ya ziyarci Afirka a farkon shekara ta 1992; a tashinsa ta farko a Gabon, mutane sama da 100,000 ne suka gaishe shi, wasu suna ɗauke da alamun da ke cewa "Barka da Gida Michael", kuma an ba shi matsayin Jami'in Dokar Merit ta Kasa daga Shugaba [[Omar Bongo]].<ref name="Ebony">{{Cite magazine|url-status=34–43}}</ref> A lokacin tafiyarsa zuwa Ivory Coast, Jackson ya jawo taron jama'a fiye da [[John Paul na Biyu|Paparoma John Paul II]] a ziyararsa ta baya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: The Thrill Of Thriller |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00zfxhf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218070931/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00zfxhf |archive-date=February 18, 2018 |access-date=January 1, 2024 |publisher=[[BBC World Service]]}}</ref> Wani shugaban kabilanci ne ya naɗa shi "Sarki Sani" a ƙauyen Ivory Coast na Krindjabo, inda ya gode wa manyan mutane a Faransanci da Ingilishi, ya sanya hannu kan takardun da ke tsara mulkinsa, kuma ya zauna a kan kursiyin zinariya yayin da yake jagorantar raye-raye na bikin.<ref name="Ebony" /> A watan Janairun 1993, Jackson ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a Super Bowl XXVII a Pasadena, California. Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa (NFL) ta nemi babban mai zane don kula da masu kallo a lokacin rabin lokaci biyo bayan raguwar yawan masu sauraro. Tare da masu kallo miliyan 133.4, shi ne Super Bowl na farko wanda wasan kwaikwayon rabin lokaci ya jawo masu sauraro da yawa fiye da wasan da kansa. Jackson ya yi "Jam", "Billie Jean", "Black or White", da kuma "Heal the World". Dangerous ya tashi wurare 90 a kan jadawalin kundin Amurka bayan wasan kwaikwayon.{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}} Jackson ya ba da hira ta minti 90 tare da Oprah Winfrey a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1993. Ya yi magana game da cin zarafin da ya fuskanta a lokacin yaro a hannun mahaifinsa, ya ce ya yi imanin cewa ya rasa yawancin yarantakarsa, kuma ya bayyana cewa sau da yawa yana kuka daga kaɗaici. Ya musanta jita-jita na tabloid cewa ya sayi ƙasusuwan Mutumin Gishiri, ya kwanta a cikin ɗakin iskar oxygen, ko kuma ya wanke fatarsa, kuma ya bayyana a karon farko cewa yana da vitiligo. Bayan hira, Dangerous ya sake shiga cikin jerin kundin Amurka a saman 10, fiye da shekara guda bayan da aka saki shi.{{Sfn|Lewis Jones|2005}}{{Sfn|Campbell|1995}}Tattaunawar ta zama hira ta talabijin da aka fi kallo a tarihin Amurka har zuwa yau, tare da masu kallo sama da miliyan 90. A watan Janairun 1993, Jackson ya lashe lambar yabo ta Amurka sau uku: Mafi kyawun Pop / Rock Album (Dangerous), Mafi kyawun Soul / R & B Single ("Ka tuna da Lokaci"), kuma ya zama mai karɓar lambar yabo ta farko ta International Artist Award of Excellence . A watan Fabrairu, ya sami lambar yabo ta "Living Legend Award" a 35th Annual Grammy Awards a Los Angeles . <ref name="grammy mj" /> Ya halarci bikin tare da Brooke Shields . An zabi Dangerous don Mafi kyawun Ayyukan Murya (don "Black ko White"), Mafi kyawun R & B Vocal Performance ("Jam"), da Mafi Kyawun R & B Song ("Jam), kuma Bruce Swedien da Teddy Riley sun lashe kyautar Grammy don Mafi Kyawun Injiniya - Ba na gargajiya ba.<ref name="Bruce" /> A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an yaba da Dangerous a matsayin babban nasarar da Jackson ya samu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson: Dangerous |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/22044-dangerous/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527061951/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/22044-dangerous/ |archive-date=May 27, 2018 |access-date=November 23, 2019 |website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Jackson's Dangerous |url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/michael-jacksons-dangerous-9781623566319/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328011606/http://bloomsbury.com/us/michael-jacksons-dangerous-9781623566319/ |archive-date=March 28, 2017 |access-date=December 1, 2019 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2009]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Articles with hAudio microformats]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ==Manazarta == j5o9dgccweosnoglqokwf7mlmgmj4u9 0 8197 961736 914495 2026-10-02T06:42:10Z Usmanmaifada 20279 Canza Kalmar Ubangiji zuwa Shugaban 961736 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mansamusa.jpg|thumb|mansa musa]] '''Musa Na''' ( c. - c. ), ko '''Mansa Musa''', shi ne ''Mansa na'' goma (wanda ake fassarawa "sultan", "mai nasara" <ref>Lapidus, Ira M. [https://books.google.com/books?id=kFJNBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA455 ''A History of Islamic Societies'']. 3rd edn. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2014, p. 455.</ref> ko "sarki" ) na Daular Mali, kasar musulmai ta Afirka ta yamma. [[Fayil:Empire mansa musa.jpeg|thumb|Mansa Musa]] A lokacin da Musa ya hau kan karagar mulki, ƙasar Mali a bangare da yawa ta kuma ƙunshi yankin tsohuwar daular Ghana wacce kasar Mali ta ci galaba a kanta. Masarautar Mali ta kuma ƙunshi ƙasa wanda yanzu wani ɓangare ne na [[Muritaniya|Mauritania]] da kuma jihar ta [[Mali|Mali ta zamani]]. A zamanin mulkinsa, Musa ya riƙe muƙamai da yawa, kamar "Sarkin Melle", "Shugaban ma'adinan Wangara", kuma "Mai nasara akan Ghanata". Musa ya ci birane guda 24, tare da garuruwansu. A zamanin mulkin Musa, wataƙila Mali ce ta kasance mai samar da zinari mafi girma a duniya, kuma ana ɗaukar Musa ɗaya daga mutane mafi arziki a tarihi. Koyaya, masu sharhi na zamani irin su mujallar ''Time'' sun kammala cewa babu ingantacciyar hanyar da za ta ƙayyade arzikin Musa. Musa gaba ɗaya ana kiransa ne da "Mansa Musa" a cikin rubuce-rubucen yamma da adabi. Sunansa kuma ya bayyana a matsayin "Kankou Musa", "Kankan Musa", "" Kanku Musa ". Sauran sunayen da Musa ya yi amfani da su sun hada da "Mali-Koy Kankan Musa", "Gonga Musa", da "Zakin Mali". == Zuri'a da kuma kaiwa ga kujeran mulki == [[File:Genealogy_kings_Mali_Empire.svg|right|thumb|350x350px| Tarihin sarakunan daular Masarauta dangane da tarihin [[Ibn Kaldun|Ibn Khaldun]] [14] ]] Abin da aka sani game da sarakunan masarautar ta Mali an karɓa daga rubuce-rubucen malaman larabawa, waɗanda suka hada da Al-Umari, Abu-sa'id Uthman ad-Dukkali, [[Ibn Kaldun|Ibn Khaldun]], da [[Ibn Battuta]] . Dangane da cikakken tarihin Ibn-Khaldun na sarakunan Mali, kakan Mansa Musa shi ne Abu-Bakr Keita (larabci dai-dai yake da Bakari ko Bogari, sunan asalin da ba'a sani ba - ba [[Sahabban Annabi|sahabiyy]] [[Abubakar|Abu Bakr]] ) ba, dan dan Sundiata Keita ne, wanda ya kafa Masarautar Mali kamar yadda aka rubuta ta hanyar labarun baka. Abu-Bakr bai hau gadon sarauta ba, kuma dansa, mahaifin Musa, Faga Laye, ba shi da wata mahimmanci a Tarihin Mali. Mansa Musa ya kuma hau gadon sarautar ne ta hanyar aiwatar da nadin mataimakin lokacin da wani sarki ya tafi aikin hajjin sa zuwa [[Makkah|Makka]] ko kuma wani kokarin nasa, daga baya ya nada mataimakin a matsayin magaji. A cewar majiyar farko, an nada Musa mataimakin mataimakin Abubakari Keita II, sarkin da ke gabansa, wanda ya ba da rahoton yawon shakatawa don gano iyakokin [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]], kuma bai dawo ba. Masanin Larabawa-Masarautar Al-Umari <ref>Al-Umari 1927, ''Masalik al Absar fi Mamalik el-Amsar'', French translation by Gaudefroy-Demombynes, Paris, Paul Geuthner, 1927, pp. 59, 74–75. See also Qalqashandi, ''Subh al-A'sha, V'', 294.</ref> ya nakalto Mansa Musa kamar haka: <blockquote>[[File:Empire mansa musa.jpeg|thumb|Mansa Musa]] Mai mulkin da ya gabace ni bai yi imani da cewa ba zai yiwu a iya kaiwa ga iyakar tekun da ya mamaye duniya (yana nufin Atlantic), kuma yana so ya kai ga ƙarshen, kuma ya ci gaba da nacewa cikin ƙira. Don haka ya wadatar da jiragen ruwa ɗari biyu cike da mutane, kamar yadda sauran da yawa ke cike da zinari, ruwa da abinci isasshen da zai isa shekaru da yawa. Ya kuma umurci shugaban (mai martaba) da kar ya dawo har sai sun kai ƙarshen tekun, ko kuma idan sun ƙosar da abubuwan abinci da ruwan. Sun tashi. Kasancewar ba su tsawan lokaci mai tsawo, kuma, a karshe, jirgin ruwa daya ne ya dawo. A yayin tambayarmu, kyaftin din ya ce: 'Yarima, mun daɗe mun yi ta bincike, har sai da muka gani a tsakiyar teku kamar babban kogi yana guduna da ƙarfi. Jirgin jirgi na shine na karshe; wasu kuma suna gabana. Da zaran wani daga cikinsu ya isa wannan wuri, sai ya nutsar da shi cikin iskar guguwa kuma bai taɓa fitowa ba. Na yi tafiya da baya don tserewa wannan halin. ' Amma Sarkin Musulmi ba zai yarda da shi ba. Ya ba da umarnin a samar musu da jiragen ruwa dubu biyu domin shi da mutanensa, da kuma karin dubu daya domin ruwa da abinci. Sannan ya ba ni labarin gaskiya a lokacin rashi, kuma ya tafi tare da mutanensa a kan balaguron jirgin ruwa, ba zai dawo ba kuma ba alamar rayuwa. </blockquote> An kuma nada dan Musa magaji, Mansa Magha Keita a matsayin mataimaki a lokacin aikin hajjin Musa. == Musulunci da aikin hajji zuwa Makkah == {{quote box|width=25%|quote=From the far reaches of the [[Mediterranean Sea]] to the [[Indus River]], the faithful approached the city of Mecca. All had the same objective to worship together at the most sacred shrine of [[Islam]], the [[Kaaba]] in Mecca. One such traveler was Mansa Musa, [[Sultan]] of [[Mali]] in Western Africa. Mansa Musa had prepared carefully for the long journey he and his attendants would take. He was determined to travel not only for his own religious fulfillment but also for recruiting teachers and leaders so that his realms could learn more of the [[Muhammad|Prophet]]'s teachings.|source=–Mahmud Kati, ''Chronicle of the Seeker''}} Musa cikakken [[Musulmi]] ne mai ibada, [[Aikin Hajji|hajjinsa zuwa Makka ya]] sanya shi sananne a duk faɗin arewacin Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya . A wurin Musa, Islama ta kuma kasance "shigowa cikin al'adun duniyar ta gabashin [[Bahar Rum]]". Zai yi amfani da lokaci mai yawa don inganta ci gaban addini a cikin daular sa. Musa yayi hajjinsa tsakanin shekarar 1324 zuwa 1325. Ya procession rahoto hada 60,000 maza, duk saka kauri da kuma Persian siliki, ciki har da 12,000 bayi, wanda kowane kwashe {{Convert|4|lb}} na sandunan zinare, da kuma masu shelanda suna sanye da siliki, wadanda suke ɗaukar sandar zinare, da shirya dawakai, da jakunkuna. Musa ya samar da dukkan abubuwan bukata domin taron, ya ciyar da jama'a gaba daya maza da dabbobi. Waɗannan dabbobin sun haɗa da [[Raƙumi|raƙuma]] 80 waɗanda kowannensu ya ɗauki {{Convert|50|–|300|lb}} ƙurar ƙura. Musa ya ba talakawa zinarin da ya haɗu da su ta hanyar sa. Musa ba kawai ya ba wa biranen da ya bi ta kan hanyar zuwa [[Makkah|Makka ba]], ciki har da [[Kairo|Alkahira]] da [[Madinah|Madina]], har ma ya yi ciniki da zinare don kyautatuwa. An ruwaito cewa ya gina [[Masallaci|masallaci a]] kowace Juma'a.   [[File:Mansa Musa.jpg|thumb|Mansa Musa]] [[Fayil:Depiction of Abu Bakr ibn Umar al-Lamtuni (Catalan Atlas) (1).jpg|thumb|Mansa Musa]] Shaidun gani da ido da yawa sun tabbatar da tafiyar Musa, yayin da suke kan hanyarsa, waɗanda ke tsoron arzikinsa da tarin yawa, kuma akwai bayanai a wurare da yawa, gami da mujallu, bayanan baka, da kuma tarihai. Musa ya ziyarci Mamluk sultan na Masar, Al-Nasir Muhammad, a Yuli 1324. Duk da irin yanayin da yake bayarwa, dumbin kudaden da Musa ya bayar da gudummawa da yalwa ya janyo da koma baya na zinare tsawon shekaru goma. A cikin biranen Alkahira, Madina, da Makka, kwararar zinare ta bazata ta lalata darajar karfe sosai. Farashin kayayyaki ya yawaita. Wannan kuskuren ya bayyana ga Musa kuma a hanyarsa ta dawowa daga Makka, ya karɓi zinaren da zai iya ɗauka daga masu sayarwa amatsayin bashi da zai biya nan gaba da daraja sosai. Wannan ne kawai lokacin a cikin tarihi cewa mutum ɗaya kai tsaye ya iya sarrafa farashin gwal a cikin Meditareniya . Wasu masana tarihi sun yarda cewa aikin hajji ba shi da wata ma'ana ga addini fiye da mai da hankalin duniya zuwa ga halin da ake ciki a Mali. Irƙirar koma bayan wannan girman yana da ma'ana. Bayan haka, Alkahira shine babbar kasuwar gwal a lokacin (inda mutane suka je siyan dumbin zinare). Don mayar da waɗannan kasuwannin zuwa Timbuktu ko [[Gao (gari)|Gao]], Musa da farko ya shafi tattalin arzikin zinare na Alkahira. Duk da yake wannan da'awar yana zama mai shimfiɗa,   Musa sanya wata babbar batu na nuna a kashe ya al'umma dũkiya. Manufar sa shine ya kirkiro wani abu kuma yayi nasara sosai a cikin wannan, har ya sanya kansa da Mali a cikin Atlas na Catalan na 1375. Hakanan yana samun ziyarar daga sananniyar matafiyin duniyar Musulmi, [[Ibn Battuta]] . == Sunan da lakabi/mallaka == ''Mansa'', 'mai mulki' <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Gomez|2018}}</ref> ko 'sarki' <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|MacBrair|1873}}</ref> a Mandé, shine taken mai mulkar Daular Mali. A cikin al'adar baki da ''Tarihin Timbuktu'', Musa an fi sanin sa da Kanku Musa . <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Bell|1972}}</ref>Al-Yafii ya ba da sunan Musa a matsayin Musa ibn Abi Bakr ibn Abi al-Aswad (-language romanization">''Mūsā ibn Abī Bakr ibn Abī al-Aswad''<nowiki>"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" href="./Arabic_language" id="mwlg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Arabic language" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Arabic: موسى بن إس بكر بن عبد الأسود, Mūsā ibn Abī Bakr ibn Abī al-Asw), kuma </nowiki>[[Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani|Ibn Hajar]] ya ba da sunayen Musa a matsayin Мusa ibn Abi Bakri Salim al-Takruri (Arabic), Mūsā Ibn Abīr Salim al.{{Sfn|Collet|2019}}{{Sfn|Levtzion|Hopkins|2000}} Sau da yawa anama Musa lakabi da [[Alhaji|Hajji]] a cikin al'adar baki saboda ya yi [[Aikin Hajji|Hajji]].{{Sfn|Niane|1959}}A cikin [[Harsunan Songhay|Harshen Songhai]], sarakunan Mali kamar Musa ana kiransu da Mali-''koi'', koi shine taken da ke isar da iko a kan yanki: a wasu kalmomi, "mai mulkin Mali".<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Gomez|2018}}</ref> == Mulki daga baya == {{quote box|width=25%|quote=Whenever a hero adds to the list of his exploits from conquest, Mansa Musa gives them a pair of wide trousers...The greater the number of a Dogari's exploits, the bigger the size of his trousers.|source=–Al-Dukhari, observation of the court of Mansa Musa in [[Timbuktu]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Mendoza |first=Ruben G |url=https://csumb.academia.edu/RubenMendoza/Papers/318194/West_African_Empires_Dates_400-1591_C.E |title=Academia.edu &#124; West African Empires, Dates: 400–1591 C. E. &#124; Ruben G. Mendoza |publisher=Csumb.academia.edu |date= |accessdate=17 October 2012 |archive-date=18 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418013107/https://www.academia.edu/353292/West_African_Empires_Dates_400_1591_C_E |url-status=dead }}</ref>''}} A cikin dogon dawowar sa daga Makka a cikin shekarar 1325, Musa ya ji labari cewa rundunarsa ta kama [[Gao (gari)|Gao]] . Sagmandia, daya daga cikin janarorinsa ne ya jagoranci ƙoƙarin. Garin Gao yana cikin daular tun kafin mulkin Sakura kuma ya kasance muhimmi - kodayake galibi yan tawaye ne - cibiyar kasuwanci. Musa ya yi shirin ba da agaji ya ziyarci garin da ya karɓi baƙi, 'ya'yan Gao guda biyu, Ali Kolon da Suleiman Nar. Ya koma Niani tare da yaran nan biyu kuma daga baya ya karantar dasu a kotu. Lokacin da Mansa Musa ya dawo, ya dawo da yawancin masanan larabawa da masu gine-gine. === Gine-gine a ƙasar Mali === Musa ya fara wani babban shiri na gini, yana inganta [[Masallaci|masallatai]] da madrasas a Timbuktu da Gao. Mafi mahimmanci, an gina tsohuwar cibiyar koyan Sankore Madrasah (ko Jami'ar Sankore) lokacin mulkinsa. A Niani, Musa ya gina zauren sauraron ra'ayoyi, wanda yake sadarwa ta ƙofar ciki ta zuwa gidan sarki. Shi ne "mai m Monument", surmounted da wani Dome kuma qawata da arabesques na daukan hankali launuka. Filin katako na katako daga saman bene aka dalaye shi da tsare; na ƙananan bene tare da zinariya. Kamar Babban Masallaci, wani tsayayyen tsari da tsari a Timbuktu, an gina Hall din da dutse ne. A wannan lokacin, an sami ci gaba na rayuwar birni a cikin manyan cibiyoyin Mali. Sergio Domian, wani masanin kimiyyar zane-zane na Italiya, ya rubuta game da wannan lokacin: "Ta haka kuma aka kafa harsashin wayewar gari. A lokacin da ƙarfinsa ya kasance, Mali tana da aƙalla birane 400, kuma yankin na Niger Delta yana da jama'a sosai. " [[File:Djingareiber_cour.jpg|thumb| Masallacin Djinguereber, wanda Mansa Musa ya ba da izini a cikin 1327 ]] === Tattalin arziki da ilimi === An kuma rubuta cewa Mansa Musa ya ratsa garuruwan Timbuktu da [[Gao (gari)|Gao]] a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa [[Makkah|Makka]], kuma ya sanya su zama cikin daularsa lokacin da ya dawo a shekara ta 1325. Ya kawo masu zanen kaya daga Andalusia, yanki a Spain, da Alkahira don gina babban fadarsa a Timbuktu da kuma Babban Masallacin Djinguereber da har yanzu yake a yau. <ref>De Villiers and Hirtle, p. 70.</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba Timbuktu ya zama cibiyar kasuwanci, al'adu, da Musulunci; kasuwannin da aka shigo da su daga kasashen [[Hausawa|Hausaland]], Egypt, da sauran masarautun Afirka, an kafa jami'a a cikin gari (haka kuma a garuruwan Mali na Djenné da Ségou ), sannan kuma addinin musulunci ya yadu ta kasuwanni da jami'a, wanda ke sanya Timbuktu wani sabon yanki domin karatuttukan musulinci. <ref>De Villiers and Hirtle, p. 74.</ref> Labarin birnin arziki na daular Maliki har ma ya ratsa tekun Bahar Rum zuwa Kudancin Turai, inda ba da daɗewa ba yan kasuwa daga Venice, [[Granada]], da [[Genoa]] sun kara da Timbuktu zuwa taswirar su don siyayya da kayayyaki na zinare. <ref>De Villiers and Hirtle, pp. 87–88.</ref> Jami'ar Sankore da ke Timbuktu ta kasance ta hannun Musa tare da masana kimiya, da masanan kimiyyar lissafi, da lissafi. Jami'ar ta zama cibiyar koyo da al'adu, tare da jawo hankalin musulmai daga ko'ina cikin Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya zuwa Timbuktu. A shekara ta 1330, masarautar Mossi ta mamaye ta kuma ci birnin Timbuktu. Janar Gao ya riga ya kama Gao, kuma Musa ya hanzarta sake daukar Timbuktu, ya gina shinge da katangar dutse, sannan ya sanya runduna ta tsaro don kare garin daga mamayewa nan gaba. <ref>De Villiers and Hirtle, pp. 80–81.</ref> Yayin da fadar Musa tun daga lokacin da ta shuɗe, har yanzu jami’ar da masallacin suna tsaye a Timbuktu. A ƙarshen mulkin Mansa Musa, an canza Sankoré jami'ar zuwa cikakken jami'a wanda ke da mafi yawan tarin littattafai a Afirka tun daga dakin karatu na Alexandria . Jami'ar Sankoré ta iya ɗaliban ɗaliban 25,000 kuma suna da ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗakunan karatu na duniya tare da rubutun kusan 1,000,000. <ref>See: Said Hamdun & Noël King (edds.), ''Ibn Battuta in Black Africa.'' London, 1975, pp. 52–53.</ref> == Mutuwa == [[File:The_Mali_Empire.jpg|thumb| Masarautar Mali a lokacin rasuwar Mansa Musa. ]] Ranar mutuwar Mansa Musa an yi muhawara sosai tsakanin masana tarihi da masana Larabawa waɗanda suka rubuta tarihin ƙasar Mali. Idan aka kwatanta da zamanin magajinsa, dan Mansa Maghan (hukuncin da aka rubuta daga 1337 zuwa 1341) da babban dan'uwan Mansa Suleyman (dokar da aka rubuta daga 1341 zuwa 1360), da kuma tarihin Musa na shekaru 25, ranar da aka kirkiri mutuwarsa 1337. Wasu bayanan sun ce Musa ya yi niyyar kaurace wa dan nasa kursiyin, amma ya mutu ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya dawo daga Makka a 1325. A wani labarin da [[Ibn Kaldun|Ibn-Khaldun ya ruwaito]], Mansa Musa yana da rai lokacin da aka ci birnin Tlemcen na Aljeriya a shekarar 1337, yayin da ya aiki wakili zuwa Algeria don taya murna ga masu nasara. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Bibliography == * Bell, Nawal Morcos (1972), "The age of Mansa Musa of Mali: Problems in succession and chronology", Jaridar International Journal of African Tarihi, 5 : 221-223, JSTOR   217515 . * De Villiers, Marq, da Sheila Hirtle. ''Timbuktu: Birnin gwal na Sahara'' . Walker da Kamfanin: New York. 2007. * Goodwin, A. J .H. (1957), "The Medieval Empire of Ghana", Bulletin na Afirka Ta Kudu, 12 : 108-1, JSTOR   3886971 . * Hunwick, John O. (1999), Timbuktu da Daular Songhay: Al-Sadi ta Tarikh al-Sudan har zuwa 1613 da sauran takardu na zamani, Leiden: Brill, ISBN   <bdi> Hunwick, John O. </bdi> . * Levtzion, Nehemia (1963), "Sarakunan Mali na goma sha uku da goma sha huɗu", Journal of Tarihin Afirka, 4 : 341–353, doi : 10.1017 / s002185370000428x, JSTOR   180027 . * Levtzion, Nehemia (1973), Tsohuwar Ghana da Mali, London: Methuen, ISBN   <bdi> Levtzion, Nehemia (1973), </bdi> . * Levtzion, Nehemia; John F. P. Hopkins, eds. (2000), Corpus na farkon Larabci tushe don Yammacin Afirka, New York, NY: Marcus Weiner Press, ISBN   <bdi> Levtzion, Nehemia; John F. P. Hopkins, eds. (2000), </bdi> . Aka fara bugawa a 1981. == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.ancient.eu/Mansa_Musa_I/ Encyclopedia Tarihin Tarihi - Mansa Musa I] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100210111328/http://www.history.com/classroom/unesco/timbuktu/mansamoussa.html Tashar Tarihi: Mansa Moussa: Hajji na Zinare] a archive.org * [https://www.blockmuseum.northwestern.edu/exhibitions/2019/caravans-of-gold,-fragments-in-time-art,-culture,-and-exchange-across-medieval-saharan-africa.html Vwararrun Zinare, gmentsungiyoyi a Lokacin: Art, Al'adu, da musayar a tsakanin Saharan Afirka] * [[Category:Tarihin Mali]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8thshyi01ny2olsndn9stso7avdtb3y 0 9254 961818 885455 2026-10-02T08:57:24Z Mai Jiddah muhammad 44560 961818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rabah''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya| ƙaramar hukuma]] ce dake a [[Jihar Sokoto]], Arewa maso yamman [[Najeriya]]. {{Stub}}Tana da faɗin ƙasa kilomita 2,433 da yawan jama'a 149,165 a jimillar 2006.Lambar gidan waya na yankin ita ce 842.Rabah ita ce mahaifar Sir Ahmadu Bello Firaminista na farko a Arewacin Najeriya. Ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin shugaban gundumar Rabah a 1934. [[Category: Ƙananan hukumomin jihar Sokoto]] karamar Hukumar Raba tana cikin yankin gabacin sokoto, tana da dinbin tarihi a tarihin daular usmaniya,wannan karamar hukumar tana da Dan majalisa guda,mutane wannan karamar hukuma suna da Yan Boko da Yan kasuwa,sai dai mutane mafiyawan su Yan kasuwa ne,da manoama, lokal tana da girma a idon mutane sokoto saboda kasance wata local government din da saradauna yafito, tanada manya garuwa,irin su,rara da maikujera. 6yh48ixh4fupv0l0weffbzzkbou29ub 961821 961818 2026-10-02T09:00:52Z Mai Jiddah muhammad 44560 Baban gyaran 961821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rabah''' [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya| ƙaramar hukuma]] ce dake a [[Jihar Sokoto]], Arewa maso yamman [[Najeriya]]. {{Stub}}Tana da faɗin ƙasa kilomita 2,433 da yawan jama'a 149,165 a jimillar 2006.Lambar gidan waya na yankin ita ce 842.Rabah ita ce mahaifar Sir Ahmadu Bello Firaminista na farko a Arewacin Najeriya. Ya gaji mahaifinsa a matsayin shugaban gundumar Rabah a 1934. [[Category: Ƙananan hukumomin jihar Sokoto]] karamar Hukumar Raba tana cikin yankin gabacin sokoto, tana da dinbin tarihi a tarihin daular usmaniya,wannan karamar hukumar tana da Dan majalisa guda,mutane wannan karamar hukuma suna da Yan Boko da Yan kasuwa,sai dai mutane mafiyawan su Yan kasuwa ne,da manoama, lokal tana da girma a idon mutane sokoto saboda kasance wata local government din da saradauna yafito, tanada manya garuwa,irin su,rara da maikujera. Rabah Rabah ƙaramar hukuma ce da kuma gari da ke cikin Jihar Sokoto, a arewa maso yammacin Najeriya. Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana cikin garin Rabah. Rabah na daga cikin ƙananan hukumomin Jihar Sokoto, kuma tana da muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin yankin saboda alaƙarta da tarihin Daular Sokoto da kuma kasancewarta mahaifar fitaccen ɗan siyasar Najeriya, Sir Ahmadu Bello. Tarihi Rabah na cikin yankunan da ke da muhimmiyar alaƙa da tarihin Daular Sokoto. Yankin ya kasance wani ɓangare na tsarin gudanarwa na masarautar Sokoto, inda ake amfani da tsarin shugabancin gundumomi da masarautu wajen tafiyar da harkokin al'umma. Garin Rabah ya shahara musamman saboda kasancewarsa wurin haihuwar Sir Ahmadu Bello, wanda daga baya ya zama Sardaunan Sokoto kuma Firaministan farko na Arewacin Najeriya. Ahmadu Bello an haife shi a Rabah a ranar 12 ga Yuni 1910. Mahaifinsa, Ibrahim Atiku Bello, shi ne shugaban gundumar Rabah. A shekara ta 1934, Ahmadu Bello ya zama shugaban gundumar Rabah, inda ya gaji ɗan'uwansa a wannan matsayi. Daga baya, a shekara ta 1938, aka ɗaga shi zuwa matsayin shugaban yankin Gusau. Rabah ta ci gaba da kasancewa muhimmiyar cibiyar tarihi da al'adu a yankin Sokoto. Wuri da faɗin ƙasa Rabah tana cikin Jihar Sokoto a arewa maso yammacin Najeriya. Ƙaramar hukumar tana da faɗin ƙasa kusan kilomita murabba'i 2,433. Garin Rabah, wanda shi ne hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar, yana da matsayi na kusan 13°7′N 5°31′E. Yawan jama'a Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a ta shekarar 2006, Rabah tana da jimillar mutane 149,165. Daga cikin wannan adadi, maza sun kai 73,484, yayin da mata suka kai 75,681. Saboda ƙidayar 2006 ita ce tushen wannan adadi, ba a kamata a ɗauke shi a matsayin adadin jama'ar Rabah na yanzu ba. Garuruwa da ƙauyuka A cikin ƙaramar hukumar Rabah akwai garuruwa da ƙauyuka da dama. Daga cikinsu akwai: - Rabah - Gandi - Tofa - Tursa - Rarah - Gawa Kuke - Goddodi - Mai Kujara - Baraya Zaki - Yari-Gwaddadi - Kurya - Tsamiya - Yar Tsakuwa - Gundumar-Bunu - Gundumar-Riji Wasu daga cikin waɗannan wurare suna cikin gundumar Rabah, yayin da wasu suke ƙarƙashin gundumar Gandi. Tattalin arziki Yawancin al'ummar Rabah suna gudanar da ayyukan tattalin arziki da suka haɗa da noma, kiwo, kasuwanci da ƙananan sana'o'i. Noma na daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin samun abin rayuwa a yankin, musamman saboda al'ummar karkara da yawan filayen noma. Haka kuma, akwai 'yan kasuwa da masu sana'o'i waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen samar da kayayyaki da ayyuka ga al'ummar ƙaramar hukumar da garuruwan da ke kewaye. Ilimi Mazauna Rabah suna samun ilimi ta hanyar makarantun firamare da sakandare da ke yankin. Haka kuma, akwai mutane daga ƙaramar hukumar da suka samu ilimin zamani a fannoni daban-daban. Ilimin addinin Musulunci ma yana da muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar al'ummar yankin, saboda Rabah tana cikin yankin da ke da dogon tarihi na ilimin addini da al'adun Musulunci. Al'adu da addini Yawancin al'ummar Rabah Musulmai ne, kuma al'adun yankin suna da alaƙa da tarihin Hausawa da Fulani da kuma al'adun masarautar Sokoto. Harshen Hausa yana daga cikin harsunan da ake amfani da su sosai wajen sadarwa a yankin, tare da sauran harsunan al'ummomin da ke zaune a ƙaramar hukumar. Yanayi Rabah tana da yanayin zafi da ake samu a yankin arewacin Najeriya. Akwai lokacin damina da kuma lokacin rani. Lokacin rani kan kasance da yanayin zafi da bushewar iska, yayin da lokacin damina ke kawo ruwan sama wanda ke taimakawa ayyukan noma. Yanayin zafi a yankin na iya kaiwa kusan 40°C a lokutan da suka fi zafi. Sufuri da sadarwa Hanyoyi suna haɗa garin Rabah da sauran sassan Jihar Sokoto da garuruwa da ƙauyukan da ke kusa. Sufuri yana da muhimmiyar rawa wajen jigilar mutane da amfanin gona da sauran kayayyaki. Lambar gidan waya ta Rabah ita ce 842. Sir Ahmadu Bello Rabah ta shahara sosai a tarihin Najeriya saboda kasancewarta mahaifar Sir Ahmadu Bello. An haife shi a Rabah a shekarar 1910. Ya fito daga gidan sarauta na Sokoto, kuma mahaifinsa Ibrahim Atiku Bello ya kasance shugaban gundumar Rabah. A shekara ta 1934, Ahmadu Bello ya zama shugaban gundumar Rabah. Daga baya ya shiga harkokin siyasa, inda ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan shugabannin siyasar Arewacin Najeriya. A shekarar 1954 ya zama Firaministan Arewacin Najeriya, matsayin da ya riƙe har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 1966. Tarihinsa ya sanya Rabah ta zama wuri mai muhimmanci wajen fahimtar tarihin siyasa da mulkin Arewacin Najeriya. Muhimmancin Rabah Rabah tana da muhimmanci saboda abubuwa da dama, musamman: - Tarihinta da alaƙarta da Daular Sokoto. - Kasancewarta mahaifar Sir Ahmadu Bello. - Matsayinta a matsayin ƙaramar hukuma a Jihar Sokoto. - Ayyukan noma da kiwo da kasuwanci da ke gudana a yankin. - Muhimmancin al'adun Hausa da Fulani da addinin Musulunci a yankin. Bayanai a taƙaice Abu| Bayani Ƙasa| Najeriya Jiha| Jihar Sokoto Ƙaramar hukuma| Rabah Hedikwata| Rabah Faɗin ƙasa| 2,433 km² Yawan jama'a| 149,165 (ƙidayar 2006) Lambar gidan waya| 842 Shahararren ɗan asali| Sir Ahmadu Bello Yanki| Arewa maso yammacin Najeriya Manazarta - National Population Commission of Nigeria — ƙidayar jama'a ta 2006. - National Bureau of Statistics. - Alabi et al. (2014), bayanan ƙananan hukumomin Jihar Sokoto. - Bayanan tarihin Sir Ahmadu Bello. - Nigeria Postal Codes — bayanan lambobin gidan waya na Jihar Sokoto. lwc9xbyjt8olv3lgbjt6v32ake51ynk 0 9784 961822 333171 2026-10-02T09:02:33Z Mai Jiddah muhammad 44560 Baban gyaran 961822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lisa''' ƙauye ne, a cikin [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|karamar hukumar]] [[Ifo]], dake a [[Jihar Ogun]], kudu maso yammacin [[Nijeriya]]. {{Stub}}Lisa wani karamin kauye ne da ke karamar hukumar Ifo a jihar Ogun, Najeriya. Kauyen da mutanen Egba suka mamaye sosai, ƙauyen ya dogara ndaan noma a matsayin hanyar tsir1] A ranar 22 ga Oktoba 2005, Lisa ta nuwa a duniya bayan wani jirgin sama mai lamba Boeing 737-200 ya yi hatsari a ƙauyen inda ya kashe mutane 117 da ke cikins2]<ref>Olusina, Olaolu (23 June 2013). "LISA IGBORE, IJU ISHAGA: A Tale of Two Plane Crash Sites 230613F". ''ThisDay Newspaper''. Retrieved 22 October 2015</ref> A ranar 22 ga Oktoba 2005, Lisa ta sami karɓuwa a duniya bayan wani jirgin sama mai lamba Boeing 737-200 ya yi hatsari a ƙauyen inda ya kashe mutane 117 da ke cikinsa.<ref>Yusuf, Apekhade Ibrahim (22 October 2015). "10 years after Bellview crash: 'It's been tough living without our breadwinner'". ''The Nation''. Retrieved 22 October 2015.</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Ƙauyukan jihar Ogun]] Lisa (Ogun) Lisa, wadda kuma ake kira Lisa Igbore, ƙauye ne da ke cikin Ƙaramar Hukumar Ifo, a Jihar Ogun, kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Ƙauyen yana cikin yankin da al'ummar Egba suka fi yawa, kuma noma na daga cikin manyan hanyoyin samun abin rayuwa ga mazauna yankin. Tarihi Lisa ƙauye ne na karkara wanda al'ummarsa ta dogara da noma da sauran ƙananan harkokin tattalin arziki. Yankin Ifo gaba ɗaya sananne ne da ayyukan noma, musamman noman amfanin gona da kuma kasuwanci. Kafin shekarar 2005, Lisa ba ta kasance sananniyar ƙauye ba a wajen yankin. Sai dai wani mummunan hatsarin jirgin sama ya sanya sunan ƙauyen ya zama sananne a Najeriya da sauran sassan duniya. Hatsarin jirgin Bellview Airlines A ranar 22 ga Oktoba 2005, wani jirgin sama kirar Boeing 737-200, mai lambar jirgi Flight 210, mallakin Bellview Airlines, ya yi hatsari a kusa da ƙauyen Lisa bayan ya taso daga Filin Jirgin Sama na Murtala Muhammed da ke Legas. Jirgin yana kan hanyarsa ne daga Legas zuwa Abuja lokacin da hatsarin ya faru. Mutane 117 da ke cikin jirgin—ma'aikata da fasinjoji—sun mutu. Lamarin ya sanya Lisa ta samu karɓuwa sosai a kafafen yaɗa labarai a Najeriya da ƙasashen waje. Bayan hatsarin, gwamnati ta mayar da hankali kan yankin, ciki har da gyaran hanyar da ta haɗa Lisa da sauran garuruwa. Daga baya kuma aka samar da wurin tunawa da waɗanda suka mutu a hatsarin. Al'umma da tattalin arziki Mazauna Lisa galibi daga cikin Egba, wani ɓangare na al'ummar Yarbawa ne da suka fi yawa a tsakiyar Jihar Ogun. Noma na daga cikin muhimman ayyukan tattalin arzikin ƙauyen. Mazauna yankin suna dogaro da noma da sauran ayyukan karkara wajen samun abin rayuwa. Wannan ya yi daidai da yanayin tattalin arzikin ƙaramar hukumar Ifo, inda noma da kasuwanci suke daga cikin manyan ayyukan al'umma. Wurin tunawa da waɗanda suka mutu Bayan hatsarin jirgin na 2005, an kafa wurin tunawa (memorial) a Lisa domin girmama mutanen da suka rasa rayukansu. Wurin ya zama wani muhimmin abin tunawa da hatsarin da ya faru a ƙauyen. Duba kuma * Ƙaramar Hukumar Ifo * Jihar Ogun * Bellview Airlines * Boeing 737 * Hatsarin jirgin Bellview Airlines na 2005 Manazarta 1. Olaolu Olusina, LISA IGBORE, IJU ISHAGA: A Tale of Two Plane Crash Sites, ThisDay, 23 Yuni 2013. 2. Apekhade Ibrahim Yusuf, 10 years after Bellview crash, The Nation, 22 Oktoba 2015. 3. Lisa Town: 17 years after Bellview plane crash, memorial arcade suffers neglect, Nigerian NewsDirect, 19 Disamba 2022. 4. Baale Lisa foundation seeks development for Lisa village, Tribune Online, 30 Afrilu 2019. rpc7yxw47bet1og17u89krrx2slcham 0 11607 961493 878846 2026-10-01T18:03:29Z Pharouqenr 25549 /* Juyin mulki na shekarar 1966 */ 961493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' OFR (31 Maris 1933 - 24 Yuli 1995), mai taken '''Chiroman Katsina''', janar ne na Najeriya wanda shine Gwamna na ƙarshe na Arewacin Najeriya . Ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Jami'in Soja a lokacin [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]] kuma daga baya ya zama [[Majalisar Koli ta Soja ta Najeriya (1966-1979)|Mataimakin Shugaban Ma'aikata, Babban Hedikwatar]]. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Hassan Usman a ranar 31 ga Maris na shekarar 1933, a [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]] ga dangin sarauta na [[Fulani]] na dangin [[Sulluɓawa|Sullubawa]] . Mahaifinsa, [[Usman Nagogo]], shi ne Sarkin sarakuna na 48 na Katsina daga shekarar 1944 zuwa shekara ta 1981. Kakansa, [[Muhammadu Dikko]], shi ne [[Tarihin Katsina|Sarkin Katsina]] na 47 daga shekarar 1906 zuwa shekara ta 1944. Katsina ta yi karatu a babbar [[Kwalejin Barewa]] . Daga nan sai ya ci gaba zuwa Kwalejin Fasaha, Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Najeriya a [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]] . == Ayyukan soja == A shekara ta 1956, Katsina ta shiga [[Sojojin Ƙasa na Najeriya|Sojojin Najeriya]].<ref name="dawodu2">{{Cite web |title=Nowa Omoigui. A ranar 15 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1966: The role of Major Hassan Usman Katsina. |url=http://www.dawodu.com/katsina1.htm |access-date=2015-04-13 |publisher=dawodu.com}}</ref> Yayinda sojoji ke karkashin ikon mulkin mallaka, ya horar da shi a makarantar Mons Officer Cadet da kuma babbar makarantar Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst . Bayan samun 'yancin kai, Katsina ta tashi ta hanyar soja. Ya yi umurni da sojoji a Kano da Kaduna, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in leken asiri a cikin Rikicin Kongo, yana karɓar lambar yabo ta Kongo. An dauke shi a matsayin fitaccen jami'in soja na Arewa, tare da kusanci da masu mulki. == Juyin mulki na shekarar 1966 ==   A ranar juyin mulkin watan Janairun 1966, Katsina - Manjo wanda ke aiki a matsayin kwamandan rundunar soja ta farko ta [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] - ya karbi rahotanni na harbe-harbe a gidan [[Firayim Minista na Najeriya|Firayim Minista]] Arewacin Najeriya [[Ahmadu Bello]]. Ba tare da sanin cewa kungiyar masu tayar da kayar baya ta Major [[Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu]] ta riga ta kashe Bello ba, Katsina ya umarci Corporal John Nanzip Shagaya da Sergeant Dantsoho Mohammed a kan aikin leken asiri a cikin birni inda suka sami jami'in 'yan sanda na Bello tare da gawar Brigadier Samuel Ademulegun da matarsa. A cikin 'yan kwanaki, an sami nasarar murkushe juyin mulkin kuma Janar Janar Commanding [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] ya karɓi mulki a matsayin Shugaban Soja na farko. Bayan shigar da gwamnatin soja, Aguiyi-Ironsi ya nada Katsina a matsayin Gwamnan Soja na Arewacin Najeriya; a cikin wannan ofishin, ya yarda da mika wuya ga Nzeogwu - wanda ya kwace iko da Kaduna a lokacin juyin mulki - a ranar 17 ga Janairu. Masanin tarihi Max Siollun ya bayyana nadin a matsayin "mai basira a siyasa" saboda kusanci da Katsina ke da shi da "tsarin siyasa" na arewa wanda ya rasa iko bayan kisan Bello da Firayim Minista [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]]. An kara wa Katsina girma zuwa Lieutenant Colonel a lokacin nadin. A matsayinta na gwamnan yanki, Katsina ta kasance memba na Majalisar Sojoji ta Koli. Saboda wannan ofishin ne Katsina ya taka rawar gani a cikin Dokar Haɗin Kai don juya Najeriya zuwa jihar hadin kai, daga baya ya bayyana cewa goyon bayansa na jama'a ga dokar gaba ne kuma ya san cewa za a sami tashin hankali don mayar da martani ga sanarwar. A cikin karuwar ra'ayi na adawa da Igbo, rikice-rikicen da suka biyo baya na Dokar Haɗin Kai zai zama ɓangare na farko na manyan rikice-rikice na adawa na Igbo a duk shekara. Rikicin da ya danganci Dokar Haɗin Kai, baƙin ciki daga kisan shugabannin arewa a cikin juyin mulkin da ya gaza a watan Janairu, ra'ayoyin makircin da ke adawa da Igbo, da sauran tushe sun tashi sosai yayin da bayanan da ba daidai ba suka bazu a fadin Arewa cikin sauri, suna tilasta Katsina ta fara rangadin don karkatar da jita-jita na ƙarya cewa Aguiyi-jita ta hana Musulmai yin [[Aikin Hajji|Hajji]]. Ko da yake memba ne na gwamnati, Katsina ya sake maimaita fushin da ke ƙaruwa da ƙananan sojojin Arewa suka ji, ta amfani da jawabi don yin ramuwar gayya ga mutuwar a juyin mulkin Janairu. Bayan watanni na tashin hankali, tashin hankali a [[Abeokuta]] da sauri ya haifar da juyin mulkin Yuli wanda ya kashe Aguiyi-Ironsi da sojoji da yawa na kudanci. Katsina - kamar sauran manyan jami'an Arewa - bai shiga kai tsaye a cikin juyin mulki ba amma ya yarda da juyin mulki kuma ya shiga tattaunawa a [[Ikeja]] tare da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Arewa karkashin jagorancin [[Murtala Mohammed]]. Wani rukuni wanda ya kunshi manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati, jakadun Burtaniya da Amurka, da kuma jami'an Arewa masu matsakaici tare da wasu abokan aiki na Kudancin da suka tsira sun sami nasarar shawo kan ƙungiyar Murtala kada su yi ƙoƙarin rabuwa da Arewa kuma su yarda da Lieutenant Colonel [[Yakubu Gowon]] a matsayin magajin Aguiyi-Ironsi a matsayin shugaban kasa. Bayan juyin mulkin, sabuntawa na adawa da Igbo ya lalata biranen Arewa kuma ya tilasta daruruwan dubban mutanen kudanci su tsere daga yankin Arewa. Katsina ya zama sananne ga ayyukan sulhu kamar dakatar da tawaye na 1 ga Oktoba na 5th battalion a Kano kafin ya ratsa birnin tare da Sarkin da kansa ya dakatar da kisan kiyashi da fashi; Bugu da ƙari, Katsina ya shirya safarar jami'an kudancin da suka tsira (ciki har da Shugaba [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] na gaba da mataimakinsa [[Chris Ugokwe]]) zuwa aminci. Koyaya, yayin da sojoji masu ƙarancin matsayi suka aikata ta'addanci tare da fararen hula kuma Katsina ya yi ƙoƙari ya dakatar da kashe-kashen, ya kuma kula da yanayin da ya haifar da kisan gilla ta hanyar ba da lasisi mai yawa ga sojojin Arewa don " kare kansu" da kuma ba da izinin watsa shirye-shiryen mahimman bayanai masu tayar da hankali. == Gudanarwa == Gwamnatinsa ta zaɓi ci gaba da ci gaban da Ahmadu Bello ya samu kuma ya kawo manyan Ma'aikatan gwamnati a yankin waɗanda ke da halayen gudanarwa waɗanda zasu iya ci gaba da samun ci gaba. Manyan mutane a cikin gwamnatinsa sun hada da [[Ibrahim Dasuki]]; wanda daga baya ya zama [[Jerin Sarakunan Musulmin Najeriya|Sultan na Sokoto]], [[Aliyu Akilu|Ali Akilu]]; wanda daga bisani ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kirkirar [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihohi a Najeriya]], da kuma Sunday Awoniyi . <ref>Roman Loimeier. Islamic Reform and Political Change in Northern Nigeria, Northwestern University Press, 1997. p 24.{{ISBN|0810113465}}</ref> Har ila yau, gwamnatinsa ta ga hauhawar Kaduna Mafia, sabon aji na matasa masu ilimi na Arewa, Ma'aikatan gwamnati, da [[Rundunonin Sojin Najeriya|jami'an soja]]. A cikin ɗan gajeren lokacin shugabanci, ya jagoranci Hukumar Kula da Ayyuka ta Tsakiya, wata hukuma wacce ta ɗauki aikin raba albarkatun yankin a cikin sabon tsarin siyasa da [[tattalin arziki]].<ref>Roman Loimeier. slamic Reform and Political Change in Northern Nigeria, Northwestern University Press, 1997. p 26.{{ISBN|0810113465}}</ref> Katsina, ya kuma sake farfado da alaƙar siyasa tare da [[Daular Sokoto|Masarauta]] a matsayin tushen tallafi ga sabuwar gwamnatinsa; kuma yana kusa da sake gabatar da tsoffin tsarin gudanarwa na [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya|tsarin mulkin mallaka]], inda sarakuna suka taka muhimmiyar rawa. == Yaƙin basasa == <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>Bayan ya tsira daga juyin mulki biyu da kuma zubar da jini bayan haka, Gwamna Katsina ya kasance a cikin Babban Kwamitin Soja a karkashin Gowon a shekarar 1967. Saboda haka, ya kasance mai halartar [[Aburi Accord|Taron Aburi]] kuma ya shiga cikin tattaunawar farko tare da jagoran Gabas [[Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu]] . Katsina ya ruwaito cewa ya kalli tattaunawar a matsayin batun mutum, yana kiran takaddamar a matsayin "tsakanin mutum ɗaya mai burin gaske da sauran ƙasar" kuma yana ba'a da Ojukwu a matsayin mutumin da yake son "ya nuna yawan Ingilishi da ya sani". Koyaya, kamar yadda Siollun ya lura, Ojukwu ya zo taron sosai a shirye don mahimman tattaunawar tsarin mulki kuma ya sami nasarar tura SMC don yin babban sasantawa. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan izini - matsanancin ikon cin gashin kai na yanki - a zahiri ya sami goyon baya daga Katsina da Gwamnan Soja na Yamma Yamma Robert Adeyinka Adebayo yayin da shirin zai sauya iko daga Gowon zuwa gwamnonin yanki. Koyaya, yawancin yarjejeniyoyi da aka amince da su a Aburi ba a bi su ba, wanda ya haifar da barkewar [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasa]]. A shekara ta 1968, an nada Janar Katsina a matsayin Babban Jami'in Soja bayan mutuwar [[Joseph Akahan]] . A wannan matsayi, ya jagoranci kokarin yaki ta hanyar ninka girman sojoji sau biyu, toshe kayayyaki zuwa [[Biyafara|Biafra]], da kuma amfani da tallafin iska daga Jamhuriyar Larabawa. A shekara ta 1970, ya ga mika Biafra ga Najeriya ba tare da wani sharadi ba. [[File:Hassan-Katsina.JPG|thumb|Wani matashi Hassan Katsina a cikin tufafi]] == Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya == Bayan juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1975, Janar Katsina ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a matsayin babban jami'in soja a lokacin. Bayan ya yi ritaya, ya ki amincewa da nadin gwamnati da yawa.<ref>Simone K. Panter-Brick. Soldiers and Oil: The Political Transformation of Nigeria. Routledge, 1978. p 118. {{ISBN|0-7146-3098-5}}</ref> Janar Katsina an girmama shi a cikin rukunin soja yayin da ya jagoranci ci gaba da matasa da yawa waɗanda daga baya suka jagoranci mulkin kama-karya na soja a Najeriya. Daga baya ya shiga cikin kafa kungiyoyin siyasa kamar su [[Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria|Jam'iyyar Kasa ta Najeriya]] da Kwamitin Jama'a masu Damuwa . <ref>Michael S. Radu, Richard E. Bissell. Africa in the Post-Decolonization Era. Transaction Publishers, 1984. p 43. {{ISBN|0-87855-496-3}}</ref> Ya kuma kasance shugaban kungiyar Polo ta Najeriya, wanda mahaifinsa [[Usman Nagogo|Emir Usman Nagogo]] ya kasance shugaban rayuwa; kuma majagaba na [[polo a Najeriya]]. == Matsayin soja == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Matsayi |- |1958 |Mataimakin na biyu |- |1959 |Lieutenant |- |1961 |Kyaftin |- |1963 |Babban |- |1966 |Lieutenant Colonel |- |1968 |Kanal |- |1969 |Brigadier janar |- |1971 |Babban janar |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Musulman Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:'Yan Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Matattun 1995]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 094blq780ahuqs9sz83b4m55cdlceuy 961494 961493 2026-10-01T18:04:04Z Pharouqenr 25549 /* Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya */ 961494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' OFR (31 Maris 1933 - 24 Yuli 1995), mai taken '''Chiroman Katsina''', janar ne na Najeriya wanda shine Gwamna na ƙarshe na Arewacin Najeriya . Ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Jami'in Soja a lokacin [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]] kuma daga baya ya zama [[Majalisar Koli ta Soja ta Najeriya (1966-1979)|Mataimakin Shugaban Ma'aikata, Babban Hedikwatar]]. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Hassan Usman a ranar 31 ga Maris na shekarar 1933, a [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]] ga dangin sarauta na [[Fulani]] na dangin [[Sulluɓawa|Sullubawa]] . Mahaifinsa, [[Usman Nagogo]], shi ne Sarkin sarakuna na 48 na Katsina daga shekarar 1944 zuwa shekara ta 1981. Kakansa, [[Muhammadu Dikko]], shi ne [[Tarihin Katsina|Sarkin Katsina]] na 47 daga shekarar 1906 zuwa shekara ta 1944. Katsina ta yi karatu a babbar [[Kwalejin Barewa]] . Daga nan sai ya ci gaba zuwa Kwalejin Fasaha, Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Najeriya a [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]] . == Ayyukan soja == A shekara ta 1956, Katsina ta shiga [[Sojojin Ƙasa na Najeriya|Sojojin Najeriya]].<ref name="dawodu2">{{Cite web |title=Nowa Omoigui. A ranar 15 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1966: The role of Major Hassan Usman Katsina. |url=http://www.dawodu.com/katsina1.htm |access-date=2015-04-13 |publisher=dawodu.com}}</ref> Yayinda sojoji ke karkashin ikon mulkin mallaka, ya horar da shi a makarantar Mons Officer Cadet da kuma babbar makarantar Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst . Bayan samun 'yancin kai, Katsina ta tashi ta hanyar soja. Ya yi umurni da sojoji a Kano da Kaduna, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in leken asiri a cikin Rikicin Kongo, yana karɓar lambar yabo ta Kongo. An dauke shi a matsayin fitaccen jami'in soja na Arewa, tare da kusanci da masu mulki. == Juyin mulki na shekarar 1966 ==   A ranar juyin mulkin watan Janairun 1966, Katsina - Manjo wanda ke aiki a matsayin kwamandan rundunar soja ta farko ta [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] - ya karbi rahotanni na harbe-harbe a gidan [[Firayim Minista na Najeriya|Firayim Minista]] Arewacin Najeriya [[Ahmadu Bello]]. Ba tare da sanin cewa kungiyar masu tayar da kayar baya ta Major [[Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu]] ta riga ta kashe Bello ba, Katsina ya umarci Corporal John Nanzip Shagaya da Sergeant Dantsoho Mohammed a kan aikin leken asiri a cikin birni inda suka sami jami'in 'yan sanda na Bello tare da gawar Brigadier Samuel Ademulegun da matarsa. A cikin 'yan kwanaki, an sami nasarar murkushe juyin mulkin kuma Janar Janar Commanding [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] ya karɓi mulki a matsayin Shugaban Soja na farko. Bayan shigar da gwamnatin soja, Aguiyi-Ironsi ya nada Katsina a matsayin Gwamnan Soja na Arewacin Najeriya; a cikin wannan ofishin, ya yarda da mika wuya ga Nzeogwu - wanda ya kwace iko da Kaduna a lokacin juyin mulki - a ranar 17 ga Janairu. Masanin tarihi Max Siollun ya bayyana nadin a matsayin "mai basira a siyasa" saboda kusanci da Katsina ke da shi da "tsarin siyasa" na arewa wanda ya rasa iko bayan kisan Bello da Firayim Minista [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]]. An kara wa Katsina girma zuwa Lieutenant Colonel a lokacin nadin. A matsayinta na gwamnan yanki, Katsina ta kasance memba na Majalisar Sojoji ta Koli. Saboda wannan ofishin ne Katsina ya taka rawar gani a cikin Dokar Haɗin Kai don juya Najeriya zuwa jihar hadin kai, daga baya ya bayyana cewa goyon bayansa na jama'a ga dokar gaba ne kuma ya san cewa za a sami tashin hankali don mayar da martani ga sanarwar. A cikin karuwar ra'ayi na adawa da Igbo, rikice-rikicen da suka biyo baya na Dokar Haɗin Kai zai zama ɓangare na farko na manyan rikice-rikice na adawa na Igbo a duk shekara. Rikicin da ya danganci Dokar Haɗin Kai, baƙin ciki daga kisan shugabannin arewa a cikin juyin mulkin da ya gaza a watan Janairu, ra'ayoyin makircin da ke adawa da Igbo, da sauran tushe sun tashi sosai yayin da bayanan da ba daidai ba suka bazu a fadin Arewa cikin sauri, suna tilasta Katsina ta fara rangadin don karkatar da jita-jita na ƙarya cewa Aguiyi-jita ta hana Musulmai yin [[Aikin Hajji|Hajji]]. Ko da yake memba ne na gwamnati, Katsina ya sake maimaita fushin da ke ƙaruwa da ƙananan sojojin Arewa suka ji, ta amfani da jawabi don yin ramuwar gayya ga mutuwar a juyin mulkin Janairu. Bayan watanni na tashin hankali, tashin hankali a [[Abeokuta]] da sauri ya haifar da juyin mulkin Yuli wanda ya kashe Aguiyi-Ironsi da sojoji da yawa na kudanci. Katsina - kamar sauran manyan jami'an Arewa - bai shiga kai tsaye a cikin juyin mulki ba amma ya yarda da juyin mulki kuma ya shiga tattaunawa a [[Ikeja]] tare da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Arewa karkashin jagorancin [[Murtala Mohammed]]. Wani rukuni wanda ya kunshi manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati, jakadun Burtaniya da Amurka, da kuma jami'an Arewa masu matsakaici tare da wasu abokan aiki na Kudancin da suka tsira sun sami nasarar shawo kan ƙungiyar Murtala kada su yi ƙoƙarin rabuwa da Arewa kuma su yarda da Lieutenant Colonel [[Yakubu Gowon]] a matsayin magajin Aguiyi-Ironsi a matsayin shugaban kasa. Bayan juyin mulkin, sabuntawa na adawa da Igbo ya lalata biranen Arewa kuma ya tilasta daruruwan dubban mutanen kudanci su tsere daga yankin Arewa. Katsina ya zama sananne ga ayyukan sulhu kamar dakatar da tawaye na 1 ga Oktoba na 5th battalion a Kano kafin ya ratsa birnin tare da Sarkin da kansa ya dakatar da kisan kiyashi da fashi; Bugu da ƙari, Katsina ya shirya safarar jami'an kudancin da suka tsira (ciki har da Shugaba [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] na gaba da mataimakinsa [[Chris Ugokwe]]) zuwa aminci. Koyaya, yayin da sojoji masu ƙarancin matsayi suka aikata ta'addanci tare da fararen hula kuma Katsina ya yi ƙoƙari ya dakatar da kashe-kashen, ya kuma kula da yanayin da ya haifar da kisan gilla ta hanyar ba da lasisi mai yawa ga sojojin Arewa don " kare kansu" da kuma ba da izinin watsa shirye-shiryen mahimman bayanai masu tayar da hankali. == Gudanarwa == Gwamnatinsa ta zaɓi ci gaba da ci gaban da Ahmadu Bello ya samu kuma ya kawo manyan Ma'aikatan gwamnati a yankin waɗanda ke da halayen gudanarwa waɗanda zasu iya ci gaba da samun ci gaba. Manyan mutane a cikin gwamnatinsa sun hada da [[Ibrahim Dasuki]]; wanda daga baya ya zama [[Jerin Sarakunan Musulmin Najeriya|Sultan na Sokoto]], [[Aliyu Akilu|Ali Akilu]]; wanda daga bisani ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kirkirar [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihohi a Najeriya]], da kuma Sunday Awoniyi . <ref>Roman Loimeier. Islamic Reform and Political Change in Northern Nigeria, Northwestern University Press, 1997. p 24.{{ISBN|0810113465}}</ref> Har ila yau, gwamnatinsa ta ga hauhawar Kaduna Mafia, sabon aji na matasa masu ilimi na Arewa, Ma'aikatan gwamnati, da [[Rundunonin Sojin Najeriya|jami'an soja]]. A cikin ɗan gajeren lokacin shugabanci, ya jagoranci Hukumar Kula da Ayyuka ta Tsakiya, wata hukuma wacce ta ɗauki aikin raba albarkatun yankin a cikin sabon tsarin siyasa da [[tattalin arziki]].<ref>Roman Loimeier. slamic Reform and Political Change in Northern Nigeria, Northwestern University Press, 1997. p 26.{{ISBN|0810113465}}</ref> Katsina, ya kuma sake farfado da alaƙar siyasa tare da [[Daular Sokoto|Masarauta]] a matsayin tushen tallafi ga sabuwar gwamnatinsa; kuma yana kusa da sake gabatar da tsoffin tsarin gudanarwa na [[Yankin Mulkin Mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya|tsarin mulkin mallaka]], inda sarakuna suka taka muhimmiyar rawa. == Yaƙin basasa == <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>Bayan ya tsira daga juyin mulki biyu da kuma zubar da jini bayan haka, Gwamna Katsina ya kasance a cikin Babban Kwamitin Soja a karkashin Gowon a shekarar 1967. Saboda haka, ya kasance mai halartar [[Aburi Accord|Taron Aburi]] kuma ya shiga cikin tattaunawar farko tare da jagoran Gabas [[Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu]] . Katsina ya ruwaito cewa ya kalli tattaunawar a matsayin batun mutum, yana kiran takaddamar a matsayin "tsakanin mutum ɗaya mai burin gaske da sauran ƙasar" kuma yana ba'a da Ojukwu a matsayin mutumin da yake son "ya nuna yawan Ingilishi da ya sani". Koyaya, kamar yadda Siollun ya lura, Ojukwu ya zo taron sosai a shirye don mahimman tattaunawar tsarin mulki kuma ya sami nasarar tura SMC don yin babban sasantawa. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan izini - matsanancin ikon cin gashin kai na yanki - a zahiri ya sami goyon baya daga Katsina da Gwamnan Soja na Yamma Yamma Robert Adeyinka Adebayo yayin da shirin zai sauya iko daga Gowon zuwa gwamnonin yanki. Koyaya, yawancin yarjejeniyoyi da aka amince da su a Aburi ba a bi su ba, wanda ya haifar da barkewar [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasa]]. A shekara ta 1968, an nada Janar Katsina a matsayin Babban Jami'in Soja bayan mutuwar [[Joseph Akahan]] . A wannan matsayi, ya jagoranci kokarin yaki ta hanyar ninka girman sojoji sau biyu, toshe kayayyaki zuwa [[Biyafara|Biafra]], da kuma amfani da tallafin iska daga Jamhuriyar Larabawa. A shekara ta 1970, ya ga mika Biafra ga Najeriya ba tare da wani sharadi ba. == Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya == Bayan juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1975, Janar Katsina ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a matsayin babban jami'in soja a lokacin. Bayan ya yi ritaya, ya ki amincewa da nadin gwamnati da yawa.<ref>Simone K. Panter-Brick. Soldiers and Oil: The Political Transformation of Nigeria. Routledge, 1978. p 118. {{ISBN|0-7146-3098-5}}</ref> Janar Katsina an girmama shi a cikin rukunin soja yayin da ya jagoranci ci gaba da matasa da yawa waɗanda daga baya suka jagoranci mulkin kama-karya na soja a Najeriya. Daga baya ya shiga cikin kafa kungiyoyin siyasa kamar su [[Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria|Jam'iyyar Kasa ta Najeriya]] da Kwamitin Jama'a masu Damuwa . <ref>Michael S. Radu, Richard E. Bissell. Africa in the Post-Decolonization Era. Transaction Publishers, 1984. p 43. {{ISBN|0-87855-496-3}}</ref> Ya kuma kasance shugaban kungiyar Polo ta Najeriya, wanda mahaifinsa [[Usman Nagogo|Emir Usman Nagogo]] ya kasance shugaban rayuwa; kuma majagaba na [[polo a Najeriya]]. == Matsayin soja == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Matsayi |- |1958 |Mataimakin na biyu |- |1959 |Lieutenant |- |1961 |Kyaftin |- |1963 |Babban |- |1966 |Lieutenant Colonel |- |1968 |Kanal |- |1969 |Brigadier janar |- |1971 |Babban janar |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Musulman Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:'Yan Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Matattun 1995]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bfdlsclnkw2zc2lkusxoxv7ibu6i38r 0 13740 961836 891465 2026-10-02T10:30:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Funmi Iyanda.jpg|thumb|Funmi Iyanda]] '''Olufunmilola Aduke Iyanda''' (an haife ta ranar 27 ga watan Yulin shekarar alif 1971) wadda aka fi saninta da '''Funmi Iyanda''', mai gabatar da shirin (talk show host) a Najeriya ce, mai gabatar da shirye-shirye, mai watsa shirye-shiryen labarai, kuma mai '''talla a shafin''' yanar gizo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ask-funmi-funmi-iyanda-discusses-beauty-with-john-maclean/6krzkx7|title=Funmi Iyanda discusses beauty with John Maclean|date=2017-06-20|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2023-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121131355/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ask-funmi-funmi-iyanda-discusses-beauty-with-john-maclean/6krzkx7|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paradisenews.ng/29320/ask-funmi-season-2-series|title=Oya Media UK Announces Season 2 Of ASK Funmi Series {{!}} CR|last=Admin|website=Paradise News|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-02}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2010/03/talk-with-funmi-visits-the-irrepressible-aj-city/|title=Talk With Funmi visits the Irrepressible AJ City|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2010-03-26|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.entrepreneurs.ng/funmi-iyanda/|title=Funmi Iyanda - Biography And Entrepreneurial Life Of Funmi Iyanda|last=ReDahlia|date=2018-11-08|website=Entrepreneurs In Nigeria|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2023-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407163211/https://www.entrepreneurs.ng/funmi-iyanda/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://beijing20.unwomen.org/en/voices-and-profiles/champions|title=Voices and profiles .:. Gender equality champions|website=UN Women {{!}} The Beijing Platform for ActionTurns 20|language=en|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Queen of tube, Funmi Iyanda escapes death|last=SAMUEL OLATUNJI|date=30 September 2008|url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/3001/3/queen-of-tube-funmi-iyanda-escapes-death.html|access-date=18 July 2010|work=Modern Ghana}}</ref> [1] <ref>[http://theguardianlifemagazine.blogspot.com/2009/10/sharing-dawn-with-funmi.html "Sharing a dawn with Funmi"], The Guardian Life'', 26 October 2009.''</ref> Ta samar da kuma shirya wani sanannen magana mai suna ''New Dawn tare da Funmi'', [3] wanda ke watsa kan hanyar sadarwa ta sama da shekaru takwas. Funmi ita ce Shugaba na Ignite Media, wata kungiyar watsa labarai da ke gudana daga Legas. A shekarar 2011, Tawagar tattalin arzikin duniya ta karrama shi da kasancewa Shugaban kungiyar Matasa ta Duniya (YGL) , kuma nan ba da jimawa ba, aka nada ta daya daga cikin Mata 'Yan Mata Masu Zaman Kware na Forbes 20 a Afirka.<ref>{{cite news|title=Funmi Iyanda: ‘I’m Not Competing With Mo’ Abudu’|date=21 February 2010|author=Ayeni Adekunle|url=http://www.thenetng.com/2010/02/21/funmi-iyanda-exclusive-im-not-competing-with-mo-abudu/|accessdate=18 July 2010|publisher=Nigerian Entertainment Today|archive-date=31 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100731070830/http://www.thenetng.com/2010/02/21/funmi-iyanda-exclusive-im-not-competing-with-mo-abudu|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Queen of tube, Funmi Iyanda escapes death|author=SAMUEL OLATUNJI|date=30 September 2008|url=http://www.modernghana.com/movie/3001/3/queen-of-tube-funmi-iyanda-escapes-death.html|accessdate=18 July 2010|work=Modern Ghana}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mynewswatchtimesng.com/funmi-iyanda-goddess-silver-screen/|publisher=My Newswatch Times|title=Funmi Iyanda: Goddess of silver screen|date=September 23, 2014}}{{dead link|date=January 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>Jumoke Giwa, [http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/conversations-meet-funmi-iyanda-nigerias-queen-of-talk.html "Conversations: Meet Funmi Iyanda 'Nigeria's queen of talk'"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719093837/http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/conversations-meet-funmi-iyanda-nigerias-queen-of-talk.html |date=2019-07-19 }}, ''Nigeria Village Square'', 26 August 2006.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2015/11/funmi-iyanda-biography.html|title=Nigerian Biography: Funmi Iyanda Biography|website=www.nigerianbiography.com|access-date=2016-05-14|archive-date=2016-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160616213759/http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2015/11/funmi-iyanda-biography.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.tubefollow.com/worldeconomicforum/1297737658574868731/|title=World Economic Forum Funmi Iyanda Chief Executive Officer|website=TUBE FOLLOW|language=en|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2020-11-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127180350/https://en.tubefollow.com/worldeconomicforum/1297737658574868731/|url-status=dead}}</ref>. == Farkon rayuwa == Funmi Iyanda an haife ta ne a Legas a cikin gidan dangin Gabriel da kuma Yetunde Iyanda. Mahaifinta asalinsa daga garin [[Ogbomosho|Ogbomoso]] yake kuma mahaifiyar daga [[Ijebu Ode|Ijebu-Ode]], ta girma ne a yankin Legas Mainland, amma mahaifiyarta ta mutu tun tana da shekara bakwai. [6] Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta African Church Princess Primary School, Akoka, Herbert Macaulay School a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], [[Nijeriya|Nigeria]], don karatun ta na farko sannan ta tafi International School Ibadan don karatun sakandare. Ta kuma halarci Jami’ar Ibadan, inda ta yi digiri na biyu a fannin karatun digiri a fannin ilimin Injiniya.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2010/03/26/talk-with-funmi-visits-the-irrepressible-aj-city/|accessdate=18 July 2010|title=Talk With Funmi visits the Irrepressible AJ City|newspaper=[[BellaNaija]]|date=26 March 2010}}</ref>. == ''Good Morning Nigeria'' da aikin jarida == Fitowar Funmi a cikin talabijin ta fara ne lokacin da ta fara samarwa da gabatar da ''Good Morning Nigeria'', wasan kwaikwayon talabijin na mujallar karin kumallo. Nunin ya zama wani bugu, tare da rukunin "jarumawa", wanda ya daukaka nasarar da ya cancanci membobin al'umma, da "Street Life", wanda ba kamar yadda ake nuna abubuwa da yawa a lokacin ba don neman tilastawa dan Najeriya ɗan adam. labarai.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nairaland.com/365688/funmi-iyanda-challenge-man-come|title=Funmi Iyanda: I Challenge Any Man To Come And Say He Has Slept With Me - Nairaland / General - Nigeria|website=www.nairaland.com|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/bisi-alimi-nigeria-gay-homosexuality-lgbt-survivor/|title=‘I Was the First Person to Come Out as Gay on Live TV in Nigeria’|website=Global Citizen|language=en|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/life/funmi-iyanda-the-legend-of-a-woman-2/|title=Funmi Iyanda: The Legend Of A Woman|last=|first=|date=|website=guardian.ng|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2023-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528155303/https://guardian.ng/life/funmi-iyanda-the-legend-of-a-woman-2/|url-status=dead}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/10/11/funmi-iyanda-blazing-a-trail-as-a-debutante-movie-producer/|title=Funmi Iyanda: Blazing a Trail as a Debutante Movie Producer|last=editor|date=2019-10-11|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2010/09/bbc-world-documentary-on-nigeria-%e2%80%9cmy-country%e2%80%9d-by-funmi-iyanda-chris-dada-kicks-off-with-lagos-stories-this-weekend/|title=BBC World Documentary on Nigeria “My Country” by Funmi Iyanda & Chris Dada kicks off with “Lagos Stories” This Weekend|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2010-09-30|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africasacountry.com/tag/occupy-nigeria/|title=Occupy Nigeria|website=africasacountry.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2023-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202083848/https://africasacountry.com/tag/occupy-nigeria|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fabwoman.ng/funmilola-aduke-iyanda-biography-profile-fabwoman/funmi-iyanda-chop-cassava/|title=Funmi-iyanda Chop Cassava - FabWoman {{!}} News, Style, Living Content For The Nigerian Woman|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thesheet.ng/the-sheet-woman-of-the-week-funmi-iyanda-meet-nigerias-finest-female-tv-host/|title=THE SHEET Woman Of The Week: Funmi Iyanda - Why Is She Is Referred To As The Chief Witch Of Nigerian Broadcasting? » . Thesheet.ng|last=Oyeniyi|first=Sola|date=2015-09-15|website=Thesheet.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2016-08-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826185703/http://thesheet.ng/the-sheet-woman-of-the-week-funmi-iyanda-meet-nigerias-finest-female-tv-host/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nunin ya mayar da hankali ne kan rashin adalcin da 'yan Najeriya suke sha ne, musamman ma mutane masu rauni kamar su mata da yara. Shirin na gudana ne a talabijin na kasar. Farkon abin da ta gano shine MITV Live wacce [[Segun Odegbami]] da Tunde Kelani suka samar . <ref>Jumoke Giwa, [http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/conversations-meet-funmi-iyanda-nigerias-queen-of-talk.html "Conversations: Meet Funmi Iyanda 'Nigeria's queen of talk'"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719093837/http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/conversations-meet-funmi-iyanda-nigerias-queen-of-talk.html |date=2019-07-19 }}, ''Nigeria Village Square'', 26 August 2006.</ref> Har ila yau, ta gano cikakkiyar sha'awarta game da wasanni, da shiga duniyar aikin jarida. Ta yi aiki a kan shirin gaskiya na Kwallon Kafa na Afirka na shekarar 2006 kuma ta rufe gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta shekarar 1999, da duk Wasannin Afirka a Zimbabwe, da kuma wasannin Olympics na shekarar 2000 da shekara ta 2004 a Sydney da Athens. == ''Sabuwar Dawn tare da Funmi'' == Tare da kwarewar da ta samu a lokacin ''Good Morning Nigeria'', Funmi ta nemi babban dandamali don isa ga mutane kuma a cikin shekarar 2000 ta fara samar da kuma daukar nauyin shirin ''New Dawn'' . ''Sabon Dawn tare da Funmi ya'' fara a cikin shekarar 2000 kuma yana gudana kowace rana akan NTA 10 Lagos. Nasarar wasan kwaikwayon ta sa ya kasance mafi dadewa cikin gudana ba tare da nuna komai ba a NTA. Nunin ya yi amfani da tasirin sa a matsayin abin hawa don canjin zamantakewar jama'a da canji ta hanyar bayar da shawarwarin sanadiyyar haifar da ƙarancin membobin al'umma, musamman mata, matasa da yara. ''New Dawn'' ya haifi aikin "Canji-A-Life" na aikin ba da taimakon jama'a. A tsawon shekaru, Canjin-A-Life ya shafi rayuwar yawancin yara da mutane ta hanyar malanta, kiwon lafiya, ba da shawara da kuma tsarin ba da tallafin ƙananan kuɗi. Tsarin tallafin karatu na tallafin yara 98 ne. Funmi ya kuma rubuta kasusuwa na yau da kullun a cikin ''mujallar Tempo'' . A wani lokaci har yanzu tana hidimar ''adabi na Jaridar Farafina'' . Ta kuma rubuta wa PM NEWS, ''The Punch'', ''Aminiya'' da Jaridar Vanguard .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/is-funmi-iyanda-staging-a-comeback/|title=Is Funmi Iyanda staging a comeback? » Tribune Online|date=2019-03-02|website=Tribune Online|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nextedition.com.ng/funmi-iyanda-olumide-makanjuola-kunle-afolayan-others-witness-walking-with-shadows-premiere-see-photos|title=Funmi Iyanda, Olumide Makanjuola, Kunle Afolayan, Others, Witness ’Walking With Shadows’ Premiere (See photos)|last=Edition|first=Next|date=2019-11-16|website=The Next Edition|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://le.ac.uk/africa-research-group/about/who-we-are/meet-our-interdisciplinary-team/group-patron|title=Group Patron {{!}} Africa Research Group {{!}} University of Leicester|website=le.ac.uk|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2020-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026073209/https://le.ac.uk/africa-research-group/about/who-we-are/meet-our-interdisciplinary-team/group-patron|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/193824-funmi-iyanda-makes-history-as-first-african-woman-to-receive-honorary-fellowship-from-uk-varsity.html|title=Funmi Iyanda makes history as first African woman to receive honorary fellowship from UK varsity - Premium Times Nigeria|date=2015-11-23|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/@FunmiIyanda/theory-of-death-in-conversation-with-my-mother-6a68278f54a6|title=THEORY OF DEATH: IN CONVERSATION WITH MY MOTHER|last=Iyanda|first=funmi|date=2018-01-29|website=Medium|language=en|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://skynews24.com/funmi-iyandas-full-biography-celebrity-bio/|title=Funmi Iyanda’s Full Biography [Celebrity Bio]|date=2015-09-15|website=skynews24.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ngstudentforum.com.ng/p/4097/funmi-iyanda-biography|title=Funmi Iyanda Biography - Biography|website=Nigeria Student Forum|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2023-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406132532/https://ngstudentforum.com.ng/p/4097/funmi-iyanda-biography|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/conversations-meet-funmi-iyanda-nigerias-queen-of-talk.html|title=Conversations: Meet Funmi Iyanda "Nigeria's queen of talk"|website=www.nigeriavillagesquare.com|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2019-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719093837/http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/conversations-meet-funmi-iyanda-nigerias-queen-of-talk.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>. == ''Yi Magana Tare da Funmi'' == A shekara ta 2010, bayan hutu na shekara biyu, sai ta koma gidan daukar hoto tare da ''Magana da Funmi'' ( ''TWF'' ), wani wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin mai cike da tarihi wanda Chris Dada ya jagoranta. ''Yi Magana Tare da'' tafiye-tafiye na ''Funmi'' Nijeriya, daga jihohi zuwa jihohi, kama mutane da tattaunawa a cikin ƙasar. Takaitaccen tunani ne, mai haskakawa da walwala a rayuwar 'yan Najeriya daga ko'ina cikin kasar. Nunin yana tattaunawa da mutane a ko'ina - daga talakawa 'yan ƙasa suna tafiya game da kasuwancin su zuwa masu shahararrun ba a cikin sabon yanayi amma tsarin na al'ada. ''Ana ba da TWF'' a tashoshi a fadin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.informationng.com/2012/06/fummi-iyanda-and-chris-dada-receives-international-award.html|title=Fummi Iyanda and Chris Dada receives International Award|last=weke|date=2012-06-23|website=Information Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.latestnigeriannews.com/news/252176/|title=Another International Award Nomination For Funmi Iyanda and Chris Dada|last=Latestnigeriannews|website=Latest Nigerian News|language=English|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chopcassava.com/|title=Chopcassava - Documenting Nigeria's Fuel Subsidy Struggle - Video Blog|website=www.chopcassava.com|language=en|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hugedomains.com/domain_profile.cfm?d=nigerianbiography&e=com|title=HugeDomains.com - NigerianBiography.com is for sale (Nigerian Biography)|website=www.hugedomains.com|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsadmire.com/funmi-iyandas-walking-with-shadows-to-premiere-at-63rd-london-film-festival/|title=Funmi Iyanda's ''walking with shadows'' to Premiere at 63rd London Film Festival|date=2019-08-30|website=Newsadmire|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Walking with Shadows (2019) - IMDb|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt9043456/fullcredits|accessdate=2020-05-02}}</ref> == ''Kasata: Najeriya'' == A shekara ta 2010, Funmi Iyanda ta kammala samarwa kan ''Kasata: Najeriya'', wani shirin kashi uku da ke bikin bikin cika shekaru 50 da samun ‘yancin kasar, wanda aka watsa ta gidan rediyon BBC. ''Labarun Legas'', daya daga cikin jerin abubuwan shirin fim din ne, daga baya aka sanya shi cikin rukunin don "Mafi kyawun Labaran Littattafai" a cikin Taron Gidan Talabijin na Monte Carlo na shekarar 2011 a Monaco.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/09/21/funmi-iyanda-comes-out-walking-with-shadows/|title=Funmi Iyanda Comes Out ‘Walking with Shadows’|last=editor|date=2019-09-21|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africanarguments.org/2019/11/25/funmi-iyanda-has-a-bold-new-movie-out-but-dont-call-it-a-comeback/|title=Funmi Iyanda has a bold new movie out. But don’t call it a comeback.|date=2019-11-25|website=African Arguments|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.konnectafrica.net/funmi-iyanda/|title=Funmi Iyanda; The Multi-Talented Media Personality and TV Icon|last=Nkem-Eneanya|first=Jennifer|date=2014-05-19|website=Konnect Africa|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2023-03-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327163715/https://konnectafrica.net/funmi-iyanda/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://alinstitute.org/17-about-fellows/129-funmi-iyanda|title=Funmi Iyanda|website=alinstitute.org|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2019-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821111349/https://alinstitute.org/17-about-fellows/129-funmi-iyanda|url-status=dead}}</ref>. == Chop cassava.com == A cikin shekarar 2012, Funmi Iyanda tare da takwararta Chris Dada sun saki Chopcassava.com, jerin sabbin shirye-shirye na yanar gizo wanda ke yin rajistar zanga-zangar tallafin mai a watan Janairu na shekarar 2012 wanda ya gudana a Legas, Najeriya. Jerin yanar gizo saboda baza a iya yada ta ba a gidan talabijin na Najeriya, jerin suna gabatar da ra'ayoyi daban daban game da zanga-zangar Legas, wanda mutane daga kowane aji suka hau kan tituna suna neman a sauya fasalin farashin mai na 117% a farashin mai. Zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin hanzari ta mamaye batutuwan da suka mamaye farashin mai, inda masu zanga-zangar suka mai da hankali kan fifikon gwamnati, da kuma cin hanci da rashawa a kasar. Shahararrun bidiyon, bidiyon chopcassava ya tafi hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri, tare da ɗayan bidiyon da ke tara sama da 100,000 a cikin kwanaki biyar. An zabi Chopcassava.com a cikin rukunin labaran rashin labarai a BANFF World Media Festival, a Alberta, Kanada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://trendcelebsnow.com/funmi-iyanda-net-worth/|title=Funmi Iyanda - Net Worth 2020, Age, Bio, Height, Wiki, Facts!|last=ctnadmin|website=Trending Celebs Now|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tundefashola.com/archives/news/2012/03/16/20120316N11.html|title=Fashola Receives Funmi Iyanda On Return From Mt. Kilimanjaro In Aid Of Women’s Cause|website=www.tundefashola.com|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/funmi-iyanda-to-climb-mt-kilimanjaro/|title=Funmi Iyanda To Climb Mt. Kilimanjaro|date=2012-02-28|website=Nigerian Entertainment Today|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref>. == Rayuwarta == Funmi wacce tayi fice a fagen ayyukanta Funmi ta sami babbar daraja ga ayyukanta a kafofin watsa labarai da kuma irin ayyukan ta na jin kai da taimako. Tana memba ne a Cibiyar Shugabanci ta Afirka (African Leadership Institute), Tutu Fellow kuma memba ce a Cibiyar Sadarwa da Al'umma na Cibiyar ASPEN.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://woman.ng/2017/06/funmi-iyanda-answers-the-question-are-you-religious-agnostic-or-atheist/|title=Funmi Iyanda Answers The Question|last=Woman.NG|date=2017-06-07|website=Woman.NG|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2019-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616212604/http://woman.ng/2017/06/funmi-iyanda-answers-the-question-are-you-religious-agnostic-or-atheist|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2012/03/26/%E2%80%9Ci%E2%80%99ve-never-had-wedding-day-dream-my-life%E2%80%9D-funmi-iyanda|title=“I’ve Never Had A Wedding Day Dream In My Life.”- Funmi Iyanda|date=2012-10-15|website=Sahara Reporters|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://funmiiyanda.com/funmi/|title=About|website=Funmi Iyanda|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2023-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121125858/https://funmiiyanda.com/funmi/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldpulse.com/community/users/titilope/posts/19210|title=NIGERIAN WOMEN SAY ABSOLUTE NO TO FUEL SUBSIDY REMOVAL|date=2012-01-10|website=World Pulse|language=en|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2023-07-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230726145739/https://www.worldpulse.org/story/nigerian-women-say-absolute-no-to-fuel-subsidy-removal-43082|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2009/02/from-a-new-dawn-to-change-a-life-funmi-iyanda-is-a-making-difference/|title=From A New Dawn to Change-A-Life: Funmi Iyanda Is Making A Difference!|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2009-02-13|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref> A shekarar 2012, gwamnan jihar Legas, [[Babatunde Fashola|Babatunde Raji Fashola]] ya karrama ta, saboda irin kwazon da ta bayar wajen bayar da shawarwarin jinsi yayin da ta dawo daga wani taron bayar da shawarwari na kwanaki biyar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na trek up Dutsen Kilimanjaro . Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ce ta shirya wannan hawan dutsen don wayar da kan jama'a game da yakin da take yi na kawo karshen cin zarafin mata da 'yan mata tare da hada kan mahauta daga kasashe sama da 32 na Afirka a cikin shirin bada tallafi na tarihi kan Dutsen Kilimanjaro. Funmi Iyanda ta shiga kungiyar mawaka ta Afirka ta Kudu Parlotones, 'yar wasan Afirka ta kudu Rosie Motene, lauya mai kare hakkin dan Adam Ann Njogu, mawakiyar Kongo Barbara Kanam, da kuma mata da maza na Afirka da yawa da suka taka rawa a kasashensu game da tsegumin Kilimanjaro. Wadanda suka hawan dutsen sun halarci taron koli mafi girma na Afirka a ranar Mata ta Duniya, 8 Maris shekarar 2012, tare da nuna tutocinsu na Afirka. Funmi tayi aiki a Hukumar Farafina Trust and Positive Impact Youth Network wadda ke kokarin shawo da magance Matsalar Matasa. Ta kasance a sahun gaba a jerin zanga-zangar adawa ta Occupy Nigeria a watan Janairun 2012. Zanga-zangar ta kasance tana adawa da aiwatar da manufar cire tallafin man-fetur da gwamnatin Najeriya take yi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/03/world-economic-forum-names-funmi-iyanda-young-global-leader/|title=World Economic Forum names Funmi Iyanda Young Global Leader|date=2011-03-11|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gramho.com/media/2104436375726423654|title=@eloyawards Instagram post (video) Our Woman Feature Of The Week Is Funmi Iyanda @funmiiyanda Olufunmilola Aduke Iyanda was born on 27 July 1971. Popularly known as Funmi Iyanda, is a Nigerian talk show host, broadcaster, journalist, and blogger. Funmi produced and hosted a popular talk show New Dawn with Funmi, which aired on the national network for over eight years. Funmi is the CEO of Ignite Media, a content-driven media organisation operating out of Lagos. In 2011, Funmi was honoured as a Young Global Leader (YGL) by the World Economic Forum and was recently named one of Forbes 20 Youngest Power Women in Africa. An innovator in her sphere Funmi has won tremendous recognition for her work in the media and for her humanitarian and philanthropic interventions. Funmi is a member of African Leadership Institute, Tutu Fellow and a participant of the ASPEN Institute's Forum for Communications and Society. - Gramho.com|website=gramho.com|language=en|access-date=2020-05-02}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://leadingladiesafrica.org/whats-not-to-love-about-media-activist-funmi-iyanda/|title=What’s Not To Love About Media Activist- Funmi Iyanda! – Leading Ladies Africa|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://newswirengr.com/2015/05/07/nigerias-funmi-iyanda-appointed-un-women-gender-equality-champion-funmilola/|title=Nigeria’s Funmi Iyanda, Appointed UN Women Gender Equality Champion [@Funmilola]|last=writer|first=Staff|date=2015-05-07|website=NewsWireNGR|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121125853/https://newswirengr.com/2015/05/07/nigerias-funmi-iyanda-appointed-un-women-gender-equality-champion-funmilola/|archive-date=2023-01-21|url-status=dead}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/16157/funmi-iyanda|title=Funmi Iyanda biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture|website=www.manpower.com.ng|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/i-will-never-married-funmi-iyanda/|title=Why I will never be married — Funmi Iyanda » Razzmatazz » Tribune Online|date=2017-01-22|website=Tribune Online|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/01/cannot-married-funmi-iyanda/|title=Why I cannot be married - Funmi Iyanda|date=2017-01-20|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://farafinatrust.org/about-us/about-farafina/|title=Trustees & Patrons – Farafina Trust|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://womenafrica.com/whats-not-to-love-about-media-activist-funmi-iyanda/|title=What’s Not To Love About Media Activist- Funmi Iyanda|date=2018-11-19|website=Women Africa|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2023-07-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230726145736/https://womenafrica.com/whats-not-to-love-about-media-activist-funmi-iyanda/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.askfunmi.com/|title=ASK FUNMI - The Webserie hosted by Funmi Iyanda|website=Ask Funmi|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-02|archive-date=2023-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121125853/https://www.askfunmi.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref>. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Nassoshi == * Oyeleye, Albert (2012). "Interaction Management in Nigerian Television Talk Shows". International Journal of English Linguistics. 2. doi:10.5539/ijel.v2n1p149. * Nsehe, Nfonobong (1 August 2011). "The 20 Youngest Power Women In Africa". Forbes. Retrieved 18 March 2016. * Makwemoisa, Anthonia (2006). Women of valour (1st ed.). == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://fiyanda.blogspot.com Funmi Iyanda blog] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 08397x1g67s7br01pev6acilfnqkizl 0 18725 961563 957671 2026-10-01T21:24:38Z Beehra 15944 /* Bayan ritayar soja */ 961563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Amin Ahmed Chowdhury''' an haife shi ne a ƙauyen Kudancin [[Anandpur]] na [[Fulghazi]] a Feni. Ya shiga sojojin Pakistan a shekara ta 1964 kuma aka bashi aiki a cikin shekara 1966. Lokacin da yakin 'yantar da Bangladesh ya fara ya shiga Sojojin Bangladesh a cikin shekara ta 1971 kuma ya shiga yakin karkashin Z Force kuma ya ji rauni sosai a yakin. Bayan Sojojin Pakistan sun mika wuya,an karrama shi a matsayin Bir Bikrom. Jarumi Jarumi wanda shine na uku mafi girman kyautar gallantry a Bangladesh. == Bayan ritayar soja == Amin ya rike mukamai daban-daban na kwadayi a cikin gwamnati. An nada shi a matsayin Manajan Darakta na Amincewa da walwalar ƴan gwagwarmayar neman‘ yanci, Shugaban kwamitin Shayi na Bangladesh, Shugaban kungiyar Rundunonin Sojoji masu ritaya (RAOWA), da sauransu. Amin ya kuma taka rawa a matsayin muhimmiyar gudummawa wajen bunƙasa asusun gida daga ‘yan asalin Bangaladesh daga kowane bangare na rayuwa, da tsara ba da tallafi da rance daga Gwamnatin Bangaladash da kuma samun amincewa daga gwamnatocin Oman. A lokacin da yake Ambasada na Bangladesh a Oman ya kafa Makarantar Muscat ta Bangladesh don yaran garin Bangladesh da ke zaune a Oman. Ya kuma ba da gudummawa wajen karfafa alaƙar 'yan uwantaka tsakanin Oman da Bangladesh tare da gudummawar da ya bayar don jin daɗin baƙin haure na Bangaladash kuma Gwamnatin Oman ta yaba sosai. Gwamnatin Oman ta ba shi taken 'Al Numan', babban ƙa'idar ƙawancen jama'a ce ta Gwamnatin Oman. Har ila yau kuma, Amin ya kasance mashahurin mai sharhi kan harkokin tsaro, kuma marubuci a fagen manyan dabarun gida da waje a cikin shirye-shiryen da ake gabatarwa game da tashoshin Talabijin daban-daban kan al'amuran zamani. == Mutuwa == == Rayuwar mutum == Amin Ahmed Chowdhury yana da wani kane, '''Amir Ahmed Chowdhury,''' wanda ya zama shahararren masanin ilimi da al'adu a Mymensingh, Bangaldesh <ref name="unsung_hero_2021_01_04_daily_star">Mofidul Hoque (war crimes researcher and trustee of the [[Liberation War Museum]]): [https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/news/amir-ahmed-chowdhury-unsung-hero-2021805 "Amir Ahmed Chowdhury: An unsung hero,"] 4 January 2021, Daily Star (Bangladesh), retrieved 4 January 2021</ref> A lokacin Yaƙin neman 'yanci, Sojojin Pakistan sun kama Amir, an tsare shi kuma an azabtar da shi, amma ya tsere. Sojojin Pakistan sun kai samame gidansu dake Feni, kuma suka kashe kakansu mai ruwa da wasu yan uwa shida. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1946]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2013]] [[Category:Jakadan Bangaladash]] [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] j9eg81adwof9caj350upi3zewmb6zpj 4 21908 961590 960963 2026-10-01T21:29:00Z AmmarBot 13973 Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci 961590 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shafin ya na ƙunshe da sabbin editocin da sukayi rajista a Hausa Wikipedia. Robot yana sabunta wannan shafin duk bayan wasu sa'o'i. 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An saka jerin a cikin shekarar 1986 a matsayin wani ɓangare na gyare-gyaren da ke hade da gina MAX Light Rail. Wanda aka tallafawa daga Yankin Kasuwancin Cikin Gari na Yankin, TriMet da Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta [[Amurka]], an gabatar da siffofin a matsayin kyaututtuka ga birni kuma sun kasance wani ɓangare na tarin Cityasar Portland da Artaukewar Al'adun Jama'a na Multnomah ladabi da Yankin Yankin Majalisar Al'adu . == Bayani da tarihi == ''Dabbobi a cikin Ruwan ruwa'' jerin jerin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa iri goma ne da kuma siffofin tagulla masu rai ashirin da biyar na dabbobin Pacific Northwest, wanda mai zanen Ba'amurke Georgia Gerber ya tsara kuma aka girka a cikin shekarar 1986 a matsayin wani ɓangare na gyare-gyaren da ke haɗe da ginin MAX Light Rail.<ref name="RACC2">{{Cite web|url=http://racc.org/public-art/search/?recid=1139.244|title=Public Art Search: Animals in Pools|access-date=January 4, 2014|publisher=[[Regional Arts & Culture Council]]|archive-date=January 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106071742/http://racc.org/public-art/search/?recid=1139.244|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="City2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.portlandoregon.gov/parks/article/117201|title=SW Portland|access-date=January 5, 2014|publisher=City of Portland|archive-date=September 25, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925043108/http://www.portlandoregon.gov/parks/article/117201|url-status=dead}}</ref> Wanda aka tallafawa daga Yankin Kasuwancin Yankin Cikin Gari, TriMet da Ma'aikatar Sufuri na Amurka, an gabatar da siffofin a matsayin kyauta ga birni.<ref name="RACC2" /> An girka gutsunan ne a kan rukunin da Yammhill na Kudu maso Yamma da Morrison Streets da kuma Kudu maso Yamma na Biyar da Hanyoyi na Shida a cikin Portland.<ref name="City2" /><ref name="Fountains2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.portlandoregon.gov/parks/42348|title=Fountains in Parks|access-date=January 5, 2014|publisher=City of Portland}}</ref> ''Dabbobi a cikin Kogunan'' suna cikin tarin Garin Portland da Tattalin Kayan Jama'a na gundumar Multnomah da ladabi na Majalisar Artsabi'a da Al'adu na Yanki.<ref name="cultureNOW2">{{Cite web|url=http://culturenow.org/entry%26permalink%3D06629|title=Animals in Pools, 1986|publisher=cultureNOW|access-date=January 4, 2014|archive-date=January 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106065239/http://culturenow.org/entry%26permalink%3D06629|url-status=dead}}</ref> Gerber ta bayyana ''Dabbobi a cikin Kogin'' a matsayin "fasaha ga mutane", wanda aka tsara ta hanyar da za ta ƙarfafa ma'amala kuma "[ya kawo] ɗan dabbobin Pacific na Arewa maso Yamma zuwa cikin gari cikin nishaɗi da hanyar da ba zato ba tsammani".<ref name="RACC2" /> Dabbobin da aka zana sun hada da uwa mai dauke da kamun kifi ga 'ya'yanta biyu, masu beavers, barewa, agwagwa, otter, da hatimai.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EGNjKKGuFfsC&pg=PT80|page=68|first=Harriet|last=Baskas|title=Oregon Curiosities: Quirky Characters, Roadside Oddities, and Other Offbeat Stuff|date=January 6, 2010|publisher=[[Globe Pequot Press]]|isbn=9780762762019|access-date=January 4, 2014|edition=2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://travel.yahoo.com/p-travelguide-6613204-animals_in_pools_portland-i|publisher=[[Yahoo! Travel]]|access-date=January 4, 2014|title=Animals in Pools, Portland|archive-date=January 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106083318/http://travel.yahoo.com/p-travelguide-6613204-animals_in_pools_portland-i|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://downtownportland.org/uglysweaterpdx/monumental-attire/|archive-url=https://archive.is/20140106163002/http://downtownportland.org/uglysweaterpdx/monumental-attire/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 6, 2014|title=#UglySweaterPDX Monumental Attire|access-date=January 4, 2014|publisher=Downtown Portland and the Downtown Marketing Initiative}}</ref> Maɓuɓɓugan suna gudana duk rana yayin bazara, lokacin bazara da damuna.<ref name="City2" /><ref name="Fountains2" /> == Yanayin aiki == Dangane da Majalisar Artsabi'a da Al'adu ta Yanki, wacce ke kula da aikin, sassaka dabbobin "wasu ne daga cikin ƙaunatattun mutane a cikin tarin fasahar jama'a kamar yadda ɗumbin wurare masu kyalli ke iya gani sakamakon shekaru na dabbar dabbar da dabba".<ref name="RACC2" /> == Duba kuma == * 1986 a cikin zane-zane * Maɓuɓɓugan ruwa a Portland, Oregon == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.publicartarchive.org/work/animals-pools ''Dabbobi a cikin Korama'']{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} a Taskar Fasaha ta Jama'a * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140106074559/http://www.emporis.com/building/animalsinpoolsfountain-portland-or-usa Dabbobi a Rijiyar ruwa ta ruwa] a Emporis == Manazarta == ibfcn5yee1n8n4oghda7rp3at9by1st 0 22387 961419 873781 2026-10-01T15:28:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:CSU salary.jpg|thumb|Daidaiton Albashi]] [[File:It%27s_Time_For_Equal_Pay_For_Equal_Work_(Gillibrand_2020).png |thumb|It's Time For Equal Pay For Equal Work ]] '''Daidaiton albashi don aikin daidai''' shine batun [[Hakkin ma'aikata na shiga bayan gida|haƙƙin ma'aikata]] wanda za'a baiwa mutane a wurin aiki guda albashi ɗaya.Kuma an fi amfani da shi a cikin yanayin nuna wariyar jinsi, dan gane da bambancin biyan jinsi . Daidaita albashi ya shafi cikakken adadin biyan da fa'idodi, gami da biyan kuɗi na yau da kullun, biyan bashin albashi, kari da alawus. Wasu ƙasashe sun yi ƙaura fiye da na wasu don magance daidaiton albashi. == Labarin farko == [[File:President_John_F._Kennedy_Signs_the_Equal_Pay_Act_(14006725897).jpg|left|thumb|Shugaba [[John F. Kennedy]] ya sanya hannu kan Dokar Biya Daidai ]] Yayin da aikin kwadago ya zama gama-gari a lokacin juyin juya halin Masana'antu, galibi ana biyan mata ƙasa da takwarorinsu na maza don wannan aiki, ko don wani dalili bayyanan ne cewa su mata ne ko kuma a ƙarƙashin wani dalili. Ka'idar dai-daiton albashi don aiki iri ɗaya ya taso ne a sames ɓangaren farko na mata, tare da ƙoƙarin farko na samun albashi daidai yana da nasaba da gwagwarmayar ƙungiyar kwadago a ƙarni na goma sha tara a ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu: misali, jerin yajin aiki da mata masu haɗin kai a cikin [[Birtaniya]] a cikin shekara ta( 1830s. ) Matsin lamba daga Ƙungiyoyin Kwadago na da tasiri iri daban-daban, inda a wasu lokuta ƙungiyoyin kwadago ke ƙarfafa ra'ayin mazan jiya. Carrie Ashton Johnson ' yar asalin Amurka ce wacce ta danganci albashi daidai da na mata a cikin ma'aikatun masana'antu game da batun zaɓen mata . A cikin shekarar (1895) jaridar Chicago Tribune ta naƙalto tana cewa, "Idan aka ba wa mata kuri'a, za a samu albashi dai-dai wa daida." Koyaya, bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago da majalisun dokoki na ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu kamfanoni, guraren aiki, a hankali suka rungumi ƙa'idar daidaita biyan albashi don aikin dai-dai; Misali ɗaya na wannan tsari shi ne gabatarwar Ingilishi na Dokar Daidaita Doka ta (1970) don amsa duka ga Yarjejeniyar Rome da yajin aikin mashin ɗin Ford na shekarata (1968) A cikin recentan shekarun nan ƙungiyoyin kwadagon Turai gaba ɗaya suna matsa lamba ga jihohi da masu ba da aiki don ci gaba ta wannan hanyar. == Dokar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta duniya. == A dokar kare haƙƙin bil adama ta ƙasa da ƙasa, sanarwa kan biyan ɗaya dai-dai ita ce Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Dai-daita ta 1951, Yarjejeniyar 100 ta Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya, ƙungiyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] . Yarjejeniyar ta bayyana cewa :: Kowane Memba zai, ta hanyar dacewa da hanyoyin aiki don kayyade adadin albashi sa ba ka dai, zai inganta kuma, gwargwadon yadda ya dace da irin wadannan hanyoyin, tabbatar da aikace-aikacen ga dukkan ma'aikata ka'idar samun lada daidai ga maza da mata ma'aikata don aiki na daidai darajar. [[File:Money in notes.jpg|thumb|Kudi da ake Albashi da su]] Haka kuma an biya albashi daidai don aiki daidai da Mataki na 7 na Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Tattalin Arziki, Tsarin Al'adu da Al'adu, <ref>''[[International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights]], article 7''</ref> Mataki na 4 na Yarjejeniyar Zamantakewa ta Turai, <ref>''[[European Social Charter]]: Part II, Article 4, section 4''</ref> da Mataki na 15 na Yarjejeniyar Afirka kan Hakkokin' Yan Adam da na Jama'a . <ref>''[[African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights]], Article 15''</ref> Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya ya kuma yi shelar "ka'idojin samun daidaiton albashi don daidai wa daida". Ƙa'idojin kariya huɗu na EEOC suna ba da izini ba daidai ba don aiki daidai lokacin da aka saita albashi "bisa ga (i) tsarin manya; (ii) tsarin cancanta; (iii) tsarin da ke auna yawan kuɗi ta hanyar amfani da su na yau da kullum; ko ( iv) ... duk wani abu banda jima'i. " <ref name="EEOC">U.S Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. [http://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc/publications/fs-epa.cfm ''EEOC Facts About Equal Pay and Compensation Discrimination''], accessed on August 26, 2011.</ref> Bambancin albashi saboda ɗayan waɗannan abubuwan ba ya keta yarjejeniyar. == Halin doka ta hanyar iko. == === Tarayyar Turai / Yankin Tattalin Arzikin Turai === Bayan Yaƙin Turai ya ga daidaitaccen tsari game da shigar mata cikin kasuwar kwadago da dokoki don inganta albashi dai-dai na aiki iri daya a duk ƙasashen Gabas da Yamma. Wasu ƙasashe da ke cikin EU yanzu, gami da Faransa, Jamus, da Poland, sun riga sun tsara ƙa'idar biyan kuɗi daidai don aiki daidai a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin su kafin kafuwar EU (duba jadawalin da ke ƙasa). Lokacin da Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Turai, daga baya [[Tarayyar Turai]] (EU), aka kafa a cikin 1957, maƙasudin biyan kuɗi daidai don aiki iri ɗaya an laƙaba shi a matsayin babbar mahimmanci daga cikin abubuwan da ake da su. Mataki na 141 na Yarjejeniyar Rome ta ce 'kowace Memberungiyar Memberasa za ta tabbatar da cewa an yi amfani da ƙa'idar biyan kuɗi daidai ga mata da mata don aiki iri ɗaya ko aiki iri ɗaya.' Yayin da yake ci gaba da zamantakewar al'umma, wannan shawarar ba lallai ba ce ta nuna ɗabi'un ci gaba da yawa a tsakanin waɗanda suka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar: :: Duk da yake ana yawan kallon wannan a matsayin misali na ci gaban al'ummomin Turai, wasu suna jayayya cewa Mataki na 141 (a baya 119) an haɗa shi da yawa a matsayin sassauci ga Farantawa da suka riga suna da dokar biyan kuɗi daidai kuma suna tsoron za su kasance a kwatankwacin hasara. <ref>New JNCHES Equality Working Group, 'The Gender Pay Gap - A Literature Review', p. 7 fn. 15, citing Townsend-Smith, ''Sex Discrimination in Employment'' (London: Sweet and Maxwell, 1989).</ref> An fayyace dokar EEC a cikin 1975, ta ɗaure da umarnin kai tsaye daidai na biyan albashi 75/117 / EEC. Wannan ya hana duk wani bambanci da kabilanci a dalilin jima'i dangane da biya; wannan da sauran umarnin an hade su cikin Umarni ɗaya a 2006 (2006/54 / EC). <ref>New JNCHES Equality Working Group, 'The Gender Pay Gap - A Literature Review', p. 7.</ref> A matakin ƙasa ƙa'idar daidaitaccen albashi gabaɗaya ya kasance cikakke cikakke a cikin dokokin ƙasashe membobin EU 28 da ƙarin ƙasashe na Yankin Tattalin Arziƙin Turai (EEA), Iceland, Liechtenstein da Norway. Candidateasashen candidatean takarar EU na Macedonia da Turkiyya suma sun dai-daita dokokinsu bisa ƙa'idodin EU. Babban dokar ƙasa game da daidaiton biyan kuɗi tsakanin maza da mata don ƙasashen Turai daban-daban kamar haka. {| class="wikitable" !Kasa ! Babban tanadin doka |- | Austria | Dokar 1979 kan Daidaita Daidaitawa a kan Maza da Mata (kamar yadda aka gyara tun) |- | Belgium | Doka ta 1999 game da Daidaitawar Kula da Maza da Mata (Labarai na 12 da 25) da Dokar Sarauta ta 9 Disamba 1975 |- | Bulgaria | Daidaita albashi don aikin daidai wanda aka haɗa a cikin lambar aiki |- | Jamhuriyar Czech | Biyan aiki don doka an tsara shi. 1/1992 Coll. kan biya, albashi na karin lokaci, da matsakaita kudin shiga da kuma Dokar ba. 43/1991 Coll. akan albashi da alawus na kari akan kari a jihar da wasu kungiyoyi da hukumomi. |- | Denmark | Dokar 1976 kan Daidaitawa Maza da Mata, kamar yadda aka yi kwaskwarima tun lokacin da ya haɗa da ƙarin maki |- | Kasar Finland | Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 1995 (sashi na 5, sakin layi 4) da Dokar Daidaito tsakanin Maza da Mata (sashe na 8, sakin layi na 2) |- | Faransa | Tsarin Mulki na 1946 da Labarai L.140.2 kuma daga nan sai Dokar Ma'aikata |- | Jamus | Tsarin Mulki na 1949 ko "Dokar Asali" (Mataki na uku) |- | Girka | Tsarin Mulki na 1975 (Mataki na 22 (1)), kamar yadda aka gyara a 2001, da Doka 1484/1984 (Mataki na 4) |- | Hungary | Daidai da albashi don aiki iri daya a baya an sanya shi cikin kundin tsarin mulki, amma ya canza; yanzu akwai daidaito tsakanin maza da mata, kuma albashin yana cikin Dokar Kodago. |- | Iceland | Dokar Daidaita Daidaiton ta 1961 (# 60/1961), 1976 Doka don Daidaita tsakanin mata da maza (# 78/1976 ), Dokar 2008 kan Matsayin Daidaito da 'Yancin Daidaita Mata da Maza (# 10/2008) ) da kuma kwaskwarimar da aka kara wa dokar a shekarar 2017: Doka kan takardar shedar biyan kudi daidai gwargwadon Daidaitan Daidaitaccen Biyan da aka gabatar a shekarar 2012 (ÍST 85: 2012 ) |- | Ireland | Dokar Daidaito Aikin Kuɗi ta 1998 (IE9909144F), soke dokar 1974 na Anti-Nuna Bambanci (Biya) da Dokar Daidaito Aikin 1977 |- | Isra'ila | Dokar 1998 don Daidaitan Daidaitawa a Aiki da 1996 don Doka Daidaita wa Ma'aikata Mata da Maza Masu Aiki |- | Italiya | Tsarin Mulki (Labarai na 3 da 37), Doka 903/1977 (Mataki na 2), da Doka 125/1991 |- | Latvia | Daidaita albashi don aikin daidai wanda aka haɗa a cikin lambar aiki |- | Liechtenstein | Daidaita albashi don aikin daidai wanda aka haɗa a cikin lambar farar hula |- | Lithuania | Daidaita albashi don aikin daidai wanda aka haɗa a cikin lambar aiki |- | Luxembourg | Dokar 1981 da ta shafi daidaito tsakanin maza da mata da Dokar Grand-Ducal ta 1974 game da daidaita biyan maza da mata daidai (Labarai na 1, 2, 3 (1), 3 (2) da 4) |- | Malta | Tsarin Mulki (Mataki na 14) da Dokar Daidaito ga Maza da Mata |- | Netherlands | Tsarin Mulki (Mataki na 1) da Dokar 1994 game Daidaita Daidaitawa |- | Norway | Dokar 1978 kan Daidaitan Jinsi |- | Poland | Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 1997, Fasali na II, Mataki na 33.2 ya tanadi daidaiton albashi don ka'idojin aiki daidai, wanda tuni ya kasance a cikin Tsarin Mulki na 1952. |- | Fotigal | Tsarin Mulki (Mataki na 59) da Doka ta 105/1997 da suka shafi daidaito a wurin aiki da aiki |- | Romania | Daidaita albashi don aikin daidai wanda aka kunsa a cikin kundin tsarin mulki |- | Slovakiya | Daidaita albashi don aikin daidai wanda aka kunsa a cikin kundin tsarin mulki |- | Spain | Tsarin Mulki (Mataki na 35) da Dokar Ma'aikata (Labarai na 17 da 28). |- | Sweden | Dokar 1980 akan Daidaito tsakanin maza da mata / Daidaita damar dama, kamar yadda aka yiwa kwaskwarima tun |- | Birtaniya | Dokar Daidaito Daidai ta 1970, kamar yadda Dokokin Daidaita Daidaita na 1983 suka yi kwaskwarima, da Dokar Nuna Bambancin Namiji na 1975 da 1986, wanda Dokar Daidaito ta 2010 ta maye gurbinsu. |} '''Dokar Sabuntawa ta 2018''' ''game da Takaddun Shaida Daidaito dangane da Daidaitan Biyan Kuɗi a Iceland'' Iceland ta gabatar da Daidaiton Batun Daidaita a 2012, ÍST 85: 2012 (Daidaitaccen tsarin kula da albashi - Bukatu da shiriya).kungiyar kwadagon Icelandic, ƙungiyar masu ba da aiki da kuma jami'an gwamnati ne suka haɓaka matsayin tare da manufar cewa zai taimaka wa ma'aikata wajen hana wariyar albashi da kuma ba su damar zama sanannu. A cikin 2017, gwamnatin Icelandic ta yanke shawarar ƙara kwaskwarima ga Dokokin 2008 na Dokoki kan Matsayin Daidaita Da Rightsancin Mata Da Maza (# 10/2008). Kwaskwarimar doka ce ta takaddar takaddar biyan albashi daidai kuma an fara aiki da ita a ranar 1 ga Janairu a 2018. Dangane da kamfanonin gyare-gyare da cibiyoyin da ke daukar ma'aikata 25, ko sama da haka, a kowace shekara, za a bukaci samun takardar shaidar biyan kudi domin tabbatar da shaida Manufar wannan takaddar takaddar dole ce ta tilasta zartar da doka ta yanzu da ke haramta ayyukan nuna banbanci dangane da jinsi kuma yana buƙatar cewa mata da maza da ke aiki don mai aiki ɗaya za a biya su daidai albashi kuma su more daidaito na aiki don aiki iri ɗaya ko ayyuka iri ɗaya. === Amurka. === ==== Dokar Tarayya: Dokar Biyan Daidaitawa ta 1963 da Take VII na Dokar 'Yancin Bil'adama na 1964 ==== A ƙarni na 20, mata sun kai kusan kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na ma'aikata na Amurka amma har yanzu ana biyansu ƙasa da maza, ko dai aiki ɗaya ne ko wani aiki na daban. Akwai dokoki daban-daban na mata a wasu jihohi kamar, ba sa aiki da dare da kuma taƙaita lokacin aikinsu. Mata sun fara shiga karin ayyukan masana'anta lokacin da aka gwabza Yaƙin Duniya na II ya fara maye gurbin maza waɗanda suka shiga soja. Gibin albashi ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa yayin yaƙin. Hukumar Kwadago ta Kasa ta sanya manufofi don taimakawa wajen samar da daidaito ga matan da ke maye gurbin maza kai tsaye. Yunkurin farko na dokar biyan albashi daidai a Amurka, HR 5056, "Haramta Nuna Bambanci a Kan Lamarin Jima'i," 'yar majalisa Winifred C. Stanley na Buffalo, NY ce ta gabatar da ita a ranar 19 ga Yuni, 1944. Shekaru 20, bayan haka, dokar da gwamnatin tarayya ta zartar a shekarar 1963 ta sanya doka ba ta biyan maza da mata kudaden albashi daban-daban na aiki iri daya kan ayyukan da ke bukatar kwarewa iri daya, yana daga cikin kokarinsu, da kuma daukar nauyinsu, kuma ana aiwatar da su a karkashin irin wannan yanayin aikin. Shekara daya bayan zartar da Dokar Biyan Daidaita, Majalisa ta zartar da Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta 1964. Lakabi na VII na wannan aikin ya sanya haramtacciyar wariya dangane da launin fata, addinin, launin, ko jinsi na mutum. <ref>"Civil Rights Act of 1964." 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2000e-17</ref> Take na VII ya kai hari kan nuna wariyar jinsi da yawa fiye da Dokar Daidaito Daidaitawa ba kawai ga lada ba har zuwa biyan da ake amfaji da shi Kuma ana Kiran shi da mahimmancin diyya, sharuɗɗa, halaye ko gata na aiki. Don haka tare da Dokar Biyan Daidaitawa da Take na VII, mai ba da aiki ba zai iya hana mata albashi daidai dokar dai ta Samar da abubuwa da dama na aiki daidai ba; hana mata canja wuri, karin girma, ko karin albashi; sarrafa kimantawar aiki don mayar da albashin mata; ko kuma ware maza da mata da gangan zuwa aiki gwargwadon jinsi. <ref>Williams, Robert et al. Closer Look at Comparable Worth: A Study of the Basic Questions to be Addressed in Approaching Pay Equity. National Foundation for the Study of Equal Employment Policy: Washington, DC, 1984, pg. 28.</ref> Tunda Majalisar na yin muhawara kan wannan kudirin a daidai lokacin da Dokar Daidaita Daidata ta fara aiki, akwai damuwa kan yadda wadannan dokokin biyu za su yi mu'amala, wanda ya kai ga zartar da Gyaran Sanata Bennett. Wannan Kwaskwarimar ta ce: "Ba zai zama aikin ba bisa ka'ida ba a karkashin wannan karamin juzu'i ga duk wani mai aiki ya banbanta ta hanyar jima'i ... idan irin wannan bambancin yana da izini ta tanadin [Daidaita Dokar Biya]." An sami rudani kan fassarar wannan Kwaskwarimar, wacce aka bar wa kotuna don warwarewa. <ref>Webber, Katie. "Comparable Worth—Its Present Status and the Problem of Measurement." Hamline Journal of Public Law, Vol. 6, No. 38 (1985), pg. 37.</ref> Don haka dokar tarayya ta Amurka yanzu ta ce "masu ba da aiki ba za su iya nin ƙa'idojin na daga cikin nasarori da aka sami, ƙoƙari da nauyi, kuma akwai abubuwan da ake aiwayar da suaiwatar da su a ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayin aiki a cikin tsari ɗaya." <ref name="EEOC"/> ==== Jihar New York ==== A cikin 1944, jihar New York ta haramta nuna wariya game da albashi dangane da jinsin mutum. A ranar 10, ga Yulin 2019, Gwamnan New York Andrew Cuomo ya sanya hannu kan dokar doka wacce ke ba da tabbacin samun daidaiton albashi don aikin daidai ba tare da la'akari da jinsin mutum ba. Wannan ya ginu ne a kan dokar 1944 ta hana ma’aikata daga tambayar ‘yan takarar aiki game da albashin da suka biya a baya, wata baraka a tarihin aiwatar da daidaiton biyan albashin su dangane da jinsi. Cuomo ya sanya hannu kan dokar tare tare da faretin cin Kofin Duniya na Mata na 2019, a Birnin New York. ==== Jihar Washington. ==== A [[Washington (jiha)|Washington]], Gwamna Evans ya aiwatar da nazarin daidaiton albashi a 1973, da wani a 1977. <ref name="Remick">Remick, Helen. "'A Want of Harmony': Perspectives on Wage Discrimination and Comparable Worth." Ed. Remick, Helen. Comparable Worth and Wage Discrimination: Technical Possibilities and Political Realities. Temple University Press: Philadelphia, 1984, pg. 102.</ref> Sakamakon ya nuna karara cewa lokacin da ake kwatanta ayyuka na maza da mata sun kasance babu kusan wani juyi tsakanin matsakaitan ayyuka iri daya kuma a kowane bangare, an sami rata kashi ashirin cikin dari. Misali, ma'aikacin sabis na abinci yana samun $ 472, a kowane wata, kuma Direban Motar Isarwa ya sami $ 792, duk da cewa an ba su duka lamba ɗaya "maki" a kan ma'auni kwatankwacin jihar. Abin takaici ga jihar, kuma ga ma'aikatan jihar, magajinsa Gwamna Dixie Lee Ray ya kasa aiwatar da shawarwarin binciken (wanda ya bayyana karara cewa mata sun yi kasa da kashi 20 cikin dari fiye da maza). <ref>Stewart, Debra A. "State Initiatives in the Federal System: The Politics and Policy of Comparable Worth in 1984." Publius, Vol. 15, No. 3 (Summer 1985), pg. 84.</ref> Don haka a cikin 1981, AFSCME sun gabatar da korafin nuna wariyar jinsi tare da EEOC, akan wasu mahimman dokokin Gwamnatin Washington. Kotun Yankin ta yanke hukuncin cewa tunda jihar tayi wani bincike na nuna wariyar jinsi a cikin jihar, ta gano cewa akwai bambanci sosai a cikin albashi, kuma basu yi wani abu ba don inganta wadannan bambance-bambance, wannan ya zama nuna wariya a karkashin Title VII wanda yake "mamayewa da niyya . " <ref>American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, AFL-CIO (AFSCME), et al. v. State of Washington et al. No. C 82-465T (District Court for the Western District of Washington), 1983.</ref> Daga nan Kotun ta umarci Jiha da ta biya mata sama da 15,500, kudaden da aka biya daga 1979, bisa la'akari da nazarin 1983 na kwatankwacin darajar. <ref>Legler, Joel Ivan. "City, County and State Government Liability for Sex-Based Wage Discrimination After County of Washington v. Gunther and AFSCME v. Washington." The Urban Lawyer, Vol. 17, No. 2 (Spring 1985), pg. 241.</ref> Wannan ya wuce $ 800&nbsp;miliyan. Koyaya, Kotun ofaukaka forara ta Amurka game da Yanki na Tara ta soke wannan shawarar, tana mai bayyana cewa Washington koyaushe tana buƙatar albashin ma'aikatansu don yin daidai da kasuwar 'yanci, kuma nuna wariya yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da bambancin albashi. Kotun ta ce, "Jiha ba ta haifar da banbancin kasuwa ba ... [kuma] ba doka ko dabaru da suke ganin tsarin kasuwar 'yanci wani kamfani ne da ake zargi." <ref>American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, AFL-CIO (AFSCME), et al. v. State of Washington et al. 770 F.2d 1401 (9th Cir), 1985.</ref> Duk da yake karar ba ta yi nasara ba a karshe, hakan ya haifar da dokar jihohi don kara albashin ma’aikatan jihar. Kudaden aiwatar da wannan tsarin biyan kudi daidai yake kashi 2.6% na kudin ma'aikata ga jihar. <ref>"[http://www.pay-equity.co/info-Q&A.html National Committee on Pay Equity]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}," pay-equity.co, Accessed Nov. 8, 2010</ref> ==== Minnesota ==== A cikin [[Minnesota]], jihar ta fara yin la’akari da ingantacciyar manufa mai dacewa a ƙarshen shekarun 1970, lokacin da Minnesotaungiyar Minnesotaungiyar Minnesota ta Majalisar kan Tattalin Arzikin Mata ta umarci Hay Associates don gudanar da bincike. Sakamakon ya kasance abin birgewa kuma yayi daidai da sakamakon a Washington (akwai tazarar kashi 20% tsakanin maza da mata masu biya). Hay Associates ya tabbatar da cewa a cikin shekaru 19 tun da aka zartar da Dokar Daidaito Daidai, nuna bambancin albashi ya ci gaba har ma ya karu daga 1976 zuwa 1981. <ref>Cook, Alice H. Comparable Worth: A Case book of experiences in states and localities. Industrial Relations Center: University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1985, pg. 141</ref> Ta yin amfani da tsarin su, sun lura cewa yayin da aka ba masu direbobin bayarwa da masu buga takardu dukkansu maki 117, kowannensu "ya dace" ga jihar, an ba direban isar da kayan isar da sako (wata sana'a ce da maza suka mamaye) a duk wata yayin da aka biya ma'aikacin magatakarda. (wata mata ta mamaye sana'a) ana biyan ta $ 1,115, a wata. <ref>"Pay Equity: The Minnesota Experience: Fifth Edition." Legislative Commission on the Economic Status of Women, April 1994, pg. 13.</ref> Binciken ya kuma nuna cewa mata ba su da yawan gaske a cikin manaja da mukamai na kwararru, kuma galibi ana rarraba ayyukan gwamnati ta hanyar jima'i. Binciken daga karshe ya ba da shawarar cewa jihar ta dauki matakai da dama na ayyuka: 1) kafa kyawawan abubuwan da za a iya kwatanta su da ayyukan mata; 2) keɓe kuɗi don inganta rashin daidaiton biyan kuɗi; 3) karfafawa mata gwiwa don tabbatar da mata da tsiraru 4) ci gaba da nazarin yanayin don inganta shi. Majalisar Dokokin Minnesota ta motsa nan da nan don mayar da martani. A 1983 jihar ta kasafta 21.8&nbsp;dala miliyan don fara gyara banbance banbancen ma’aikatan jihar. <ref>Stewart, Debra A. "State Initiatives in the Federal System: The Politics and Policy of Comparable Worth in 1984." Publius, Vol. 15, No. 3 (Summer 1985), pg. 91.</ref> Daga 1982, zuwa 1993, albashin mata a jihar ya ƙaru da kashi 10%. Kamar yadda jaridar Star Tribune ta ruwaito, a shekara ta 2005 mata a cikin gwamnatin jihar ta Minnesota sun samar da dala 97, a kan dala, hakan ya sanya jihar ta Minnesota a matsayin daya daga cikin mafiya daidaito ga mata ma’aikatan jihar a kasar. Shekaru biyar bayan haka a shekara ta 2010, an cimma cikakkiyar daidaiton kuɗin biyan mata a cikin aikin yi a jihar, tare da maimaitawa, yawanci ƙananan canje-canje a cikin ƙananan hukumomi da ke faruwa a kai a kai. ==== Dokar tarayya: Lilly Ledbetter Dokar Biyan Gaskiya ==== [[File:Comifuro 13 ATM queue.jpg|thumb|lokacin albashi dai dai dan gaskiya]] A shekarar 2009, [[Barack Obama|Shugaba Obama ya]] rattaba hannu kan dokar biyan kudi ta Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay, inda ya ba mata damar kai karar ma’aikata saboda rashin biyansu albashi har na tsawon kwanaki 180, bayan an biya su kudin da ba su dace ba. A ranar 29, ga Janairun 2016, ya sanya hannu a kan dokar zartarwa wacce ta tilasta wa dukkan kamfanoni da akalla ma’aikata 100 su bayyana albashin dukkan ma’aikatan ga gwamnatin tarayya, tare da ragin albashin ta hanyar jinsi, jinsi, da kuma kabilanci. Manufar ita ce a ƙarfafa masu ba da aiki su ba da albashi daidai don aiki daidai ta hanyar ƙara nuna gaskiya. ==== Massachusetts ==== A watan Agusta na 2016, Gwamnan Massachusetts Charlie Baker ya sanya hannu kan kudurin doka don inganta kan Dokar Biyan Daidaita ta Massachusetts da ta riga ta kasance. A ranar 1 ga watan Yulin, 2018, wannan gyaran da aka sabunta ya fara aiki ne don kare ma'aikata daga tambayar wanda ya dauke su albashinsu na baya. Gwamna Baker ya nemi canji a tsarin na yanzu bayan ya fahimci cewa mata a bangarorin su, a matsakaita, suna yin cent 76 akan dala idan aka kwatanta da maza masu yin aiki iri ɗaya. A karkashin sabunta Dokar Biyan Daidaitawa ta Massachusetts, ba a ba masu aiki damar samun banbanci a cikin albashi ga ma'aikatan da ke yin aikin da ke bukatar irin kwarewa, kokari, da nauyi. Dokar Biyan Daidaitawa ta Massachusetts kawai tana ba da izinin bambance-bambance a cikin biyan lokacin da ya dogara da cancanta, yawan shekaru, kudaden shiga da aka samu, ilimi, da wuri ko tafiya. A lokacin isowarsa a shekarar 2018, Dokar Biyan Daidaitawa ta Massachusetts ta zama mai ba da karfi mafi karfi na neman a biya su daidai tsakanin masu jinsi a Amurka. Ta zama jiha ta farko da ta samar da tabbaci na kariya ga masu daukar aiki a karkashin yanayin da suka gudanar da binciken kansu na ayyukan biyansu. Don kiyayewa, akwai buƙatar a tabbatar da rikodin ƙoƙarin da aka yi don rufe ɓarna a cikin biyan kafin su zama masu alhakin nunka daga cikin ma'aikacin da aka nuna wariyar. ==== Dokokin jihohi da na kananan hukumomi, 2010s ==== California da New York City sun amince da dokokin da suka haramtawa ma’aikata yin tambaya game da tarihin albashi don tantance albashin da za a bayar don sabon aiki. Ana nufin wannan don rage gibin biyan jinsi ta hanyar rage tasirin wariyar da ta gabata. Sauran jihohin Amurka da yawa suna yin la'akari da irin waɗannan dokokin, har zuwa Mayu 2017. === Ostiraliya === A cikin 1948, Sanarwar Duniya game da 'Yancin Dan-Adam ta fara fahimtar daidaiton albashi don aiki daidai. Kungiyar kwadago ta duniya ce ta fitar da Yarjejeniyar Biyar Daidai. Taron ya bayyana cewa yana bada shawarar a ayyana ayyuka bisa yanayin aikin maimakon wanda yake aikin. Mata da maza sun shiga cikin zanga-zangar, suna kiran gwamnati da ta gyara babban taron 1951 da kuma biyan kuɗin doka daidai a Australiya. A cikin 1969, akwai karar da Unionungiyar Ma'aikatan Masana'antu ta Australasian ta kawo game da Nama da liedungiyar Cinikin Kawancen. Ma’aikata sun yi ta jayayya kan a biya kowane ma’aikaci albashi daidai kuma hukuncin da hukumar ta yanke shi ne cewa mace ta ba da mafi karancin albashi a kashi 85 na na mazan. Wannan shawarar ta taimaka wajen biyan albashi daidai ga matan da ke aiki iri daya da maza za su yi, amma sauran matan duk sun samu kashi 85 cikin 100. A cikin 1972 an sake sake yanke shawara kuma dokoki sun nuna cewa ko mata ko maza waɗanda ke aiki a irin wannan aikin da ke da ƙima iri ɗaya, sun cancanci ƙimar aiki ɗaya. A karkashin tsohuwar tsarin gyara albashin Australiya, "an biya albashi daidai na aiki daidai wa daida" na mata a shekarar 1969. An sanya dokar hana nuna wariya saboda jinsi a shekarar 1984. === Kanada === A amfani da Kanada, ana amfani da sharuɗɗan ''biyan daidaito'' da ''daidaiton biya'' ɗan bambanci da na sauran ƙasashe. Sharuɗɗan biyu suna nuni da ra'ayoyi daban daban na shari'a. ''Biyan daidaito'', ko daidaiton albashi don aikin daidai, yana nufin buƙatar cewa a biya maza da mata kuɗi ɗaya idan suna yin aiki iri ɗaya a ƙungiya ɗaya. Misali, dole ne a biya mace mai aikin wutar lantarki daidai da na lantarki a namiji a kungiya daya. An halatta bambance-bambance masu ma'ana idan saboda girma ko cancanta. Dokar tana buƙatar ''daidaiton biyan kuɗi'' a kowane ɗayan hurumin zartar da doka na Kanada (yankuna goma, yankuna uku, da gwamnatin tarayya). Lura cewa dokar tarayya tana aiki ne kawai ga waɗancan ma'aikata a cikin wasu masana'antun da gwamnatin ke sarrafawa kamar bankuna, masu watsa shirye-shirye, da kamfanonin jiragen sama, don kaɗan. Ga yawancin ma'aikata, dokar da ta dace ita ce ta lardin ko yanki. Ga ma'aikata da aka tsara ta tarayya, ana bada tabbacin daidaiton biya a karkashin Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Kanada . A Ontario, ana buƙatar daidaiton biyan kuɗi a ƙarƙashin Dokar Ka'idodin Aiki na Ontario.   Kowane yanki na Kanada yana da doka iri ɗaya, kodayake sunan doka zai bambanta. Sabanin haka, ''daidaiton biyan kuɗi'', a cikin mahallin Kanada, yana nufin cewa dole ne a biya mata ayyukan maza da kuma ayyukan mata-na ƙima iri ɗaya idan a cikin ma'aikaci ɗaya. Ana kiran kalmar Kanada game da ''daidaiton biyan kuɗi'' a matsayin "kwatankwacin darajar" a cikin Amurka. Misali, idan ma'aikatan jinya da ma'aikatan wutar lantarki ana ganin suna da ayyuka daidai wa daida, dole ne a biya su ɗaya. Wata hanyar rarrabe ra'ayoyin ita ce a lura da cewa ''daidaiton biyan kudi yana'' magana ne kan 'yancin mata ma'aikata a matsayinsu na daidaiku, yayin da ''daidaiton biyan yake'' magana kan' yancin mata da mata suka mamaye a matsayin kungiya. Wasu yankuna na Kanada suna da ''dokokin biyan kuɗi'' yayin da wasu basu da, saboda haka wajibcin rarrabe tsakanin ''daidaiton biyan kuɗi'' da ''biyan daidaito'' a cikin amfanin Kanada. Misali, a Ontario, ''ana tabbatar da daidaiton biyan kudi'' ta hanyar Dokar Ka’idojin Aiki ta Ontario yayin da ''aka tabbatar da daidaiton'' albashi ta dokar Ontario Pay Equity Act. A gefe guda kuma, larduna uku na yamma (British Columbia, Alberta, da Saskatchewan) suna da ''dokar daidaita daidaito'' amma ba su da dokar ''biyan haraji.'' Wasu larduna (alal misali, Manitoba) suna da dokoki waɗanda ke buƙatar ''daidaiton biyan kuɗi'' ga masu ba da ma'aikatun gwamnati amma ba na ma'aikata masu zaman kansu ba; a halin yanzu, ''dokar daidaita daidaiton biya'' ta shafi kowa da kowa. === Indiya === ==== Kare tsarin mulki ==== A zaman wani bangare na Ka'idodinta na Manufofin Siyasa, Tsarin Mulki na Indiya ta hanyar Mataki na 39 ya tanadi cewa dukkan jihohi suna jagorantar manufofinsu don samun daidaito a kan aiki daidai ga maza da mata, da kuma tabbatar da cewa maza da mata suna da 'yancin yin isassun hanyoyin rayuwa. Duk da cewa wadannan Ka'idojin Ba su da hurumin zartar da su ta kowace kotu, amma suna da mahimmanci ga shugabancin kasar kuma jiha wajibi ne ta yi la’akari da su yayin zartar da dokoki. Duk da cewa “biyan albashi iri daya don aiki iri daya” ba bayyanannen haqqin tsarin mulki bane, an karanta shi a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki ta hanyar fassarar Labarai na 14, 15 da 16 - wanda ke tabbatar da daidaito a gaban doka, kariya daga nuna wariya da daidaito a cikin lamuran aikin gwamnati. Kotun Koli ta Indiya ita ma ta ayyana wannan a matsayin wata manufa ta tsarin mulki, ga kowane mutum kuma yana iya samunta ta hanyar aiwatar da hakkokinsu na yau da kullun da aka shimfida a cikin Labarai na 14 zuwa 16. A cikin mashahurin hukuncin Kotun Koli, an kalubalanci yanayin aikin masu karbar iska ta Air India. Sharuɗɗan aiki sun buƙaci yin ritayar tilas ga mata: (i) bayan sun kai shekaru 33; (ii) idan sun yi aure cikin shekaru huɗu na hidimar; itama doka ce da aka yarda da ita ko (iii) akan ciki na farko. Kotun duk da haka ta yi fatali da wadannan tanade-tanaden kuma ta kasance masu nuna son kai da nuna wariya saboda ta saba wa doka ta 14, 15 da 16 ta Kundin Tsarin Mulki. ==== Kariyar doka ==== A shekarar 1976, an zartar da dokar ba da lada daidai da nufin samar da lada daidai ga maza da mata ma’aikata da kuma hana nuna banbanci dangane da jinsi a dukkan al’amuran da suka shafi aikin yi da damar aiki. Wannan dokar ba wai kawai ta samar wa mata da 'yancin neman a biya su daidai ba ne, amma duk wani rashin daidaito dangane da tsarin daukar ma'aikata, horas da aiki, karin girma, da sauyawa a tsakanin kungiyar ana iya kalubalantar ta a karkashin wannan Dokar. Koyaya, girmanta bai kai ga yanayin da: (i) mace ke ƙoƙarin bin ƙa'idodin dokokin ba mata kulawa ta musamman ba; da (ii) ana bai wa mace kulawa ta musamman saboda haihuwar ɗa, ko sharuɗɗan da suka shafi ritaya, aure ko mutuwa. Kamfanoni da masu ɗaukan ma'aikata ɗayansu ana iya ɗaukar nauyinsu don kiyaye ƙa'idodin da aka tsara a ƙarƙashin wannan Dokar. A cikin shari'oi daban-daban, Kotun Koli ta Indiya ma ta nuna cewa nuna wariyar jinsi yana faruwa ne kawai lokacin da maza da mata suka yi aiki iri daya ko aiki iri daya Wanda ake bukata. Koyaya, ya fayyace cewa ana buƙatar ɗaukar sassauƙa yayin yanke shawarar wane irin aiki ne zai iya zama kwatankwacin yin la'akari da ayyukan da aka aiwatar a matsayin ɓangare na aikin, kuma ba ayyukan da za a iya yi ba. === Taiwan === Taiwan ta kafa dokar daidaita daidaito tsakanin maza da mata a aikin yi a shekara ta 2002. Yana tsara cewa dole ne mai ba da aiki ya ba da albashi ɗaya ga ma'aikatan da suke yin aiki iri ɗaya. Doka ta tanadi cewa, ma’aikata ba za su nuna wariya ga ma’aikata ba saboda bambancin jinsi ko jinsi a batun biyan albashi. Ma'aikata zasu sami albashi daidai don aiki iri ɗaya ko ƙimarsu ɗaya. Koyaya, idan irin waɗannan bambance-bambancen sakamakon tsarin manya ne, kyauta da tsarin horo zai tabbatar daya taimaka sosai, tsarin cancanta ko wasu dalilai masu gamsarwa na abubuwan da ba na jima'i ba ko kuma waɗanda ba na jima'i ba, ƙuntatawa da aka ambata a sama ba zai yi aiki ba. Masu ba da aiki ba za su iya bin hanyoyin rage albashin sauran ma’aikata ba don guje wa ka’idar sakin layin da ya gabata. == Sukar == Sukar da ka'idar biyan albashi daidai na awanni masu aiki da mata ke aiki daidai da kananan ayyuka ta hanyar azuzuwan kariya sun hada da sukar hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su don cimma hakan da kuma hanyar da ake auna rata. Wasu  sunyi imani cewa ayyukan gwamnati don daidaita bambancin biyan jinsi na haifar da tsoma baki ga tsarin musayar son rai. Suna jayayya batun na asali shine cewa mai aikin shine mamallakin aikin, ba gwamnati bane ko ma'aikaci. Mai ba da aikin yi shawarwari game da aikin kuma ya biya gwargwadon aikinsa, ba bisa ga aikin aiki ba. Batun tare da hakan shine maza ana ganin su manyan masu aiki ne bisa irin kwarewar da mace zata iya yi. Kasuwanci mai zaman kansa ba zai so ya rasa mafi kyawun wa'inda sune masu yin sa ba ta hanyar rama musu ƙasa kaɗan kuma zai iya rashin karfin biyan payingan ƙwararrun masu yin sa saboda yawan aiki zai ragu. <ref name="Caveat for Employers">Vedantam, Shankar (2009) "[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/05/31/AR2009053102081.html Caveat for Employers]." Washington Post, June 1, 2009, page A8</ref> <ref name="Subtle, and stubborn, race bias">Jackson, Derrick (2009) "[http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/editorial_opinion/editorials/articles/2009/07/06/subtle_and_stubborn_race_bias/ Subtle, and stubborn, race bias] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211436/http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/editorial_opinion/editorials/articles/2009/07/06/subtle_and_stubborn_race_bias/ |date=2016-03-03 }}." Boston Globe, July 6, 2009, page A10</ref> Koyaya, Women'sungiyar Mata mai zaman kanta ta faɗi wani binciken wanda ke nuna hangen nesa na albashi mai yiwuwa ya ɓace "lokacin da aka sarrafa shi don ƙwarewa, ilimi, da yawan shekarun aiki". <ref>O'Neill, June. "The Gender Gap in Wages, circa 2000" American Economic Review, Vol. 93, No. 2 (May 2003), pp. 309-314.</ref> == Bambanci tsakanin daidaiton albashi don aiki dai-dai da biya dai-dai na aiki daidai yake == {| class="wikitable" !Daidaita albashi don aikin dai-dai ! Daidaita albashi don aiki dai-dai wa daida |- | Daidaitan albashi yana kwatankwacin albashin masu rike da mukamai a ayyuka iri daya ko makamancin haka. | Adadin biyan kuɗi yana kwatanta ƙimar da albashin ayyuka daban-daban, kamar nas da ma'aikacin lantarki. |- | Ko maza ko mata na iya yin korafin cewa aikinsu ba shi da daraja. Idan aka biya namiji mai rike da mukami kasa da mace mai aiki a wannan aikin, zai iya shigar da kara. Hakanan, mace ko miji na iya yin gunaguni idan aka biya ta ko aka biya ta ƙasa da namiji ko mace a cikin aiki ɗaya. | Mutane (maza da mata) ne kawai a cikin aikin da aka tanada wa mata waɗanda ke iya yin korafin cewa ba a daraja aikinsu. Idan ma'aikaci daya ya biya masu aikin jinya kasa da ma'aikatan lantarki, to za su iya shigar da kara. |} A cewar Cibiyar Kula da Daidaituwar Cigaba ta Washington ta amfani da bayanai daga Ofishin Labarun Labarun Labarun, ayyukan da suka fi yawan maza yawanci ana biyansu da kyau ba tare da la'akari da kwarewa ko matakin ilimi ba. <ref>https://www.payscale.com/data/gender-pay-gap</ref> Misali, sau da yawa yana buƙatar irin wannan ƙwarewar da ilimi don zama lantarki kamar yadda yake don zama mai jinya. Koyaya, masu aikin lantarki, fannin da maza suka fi yawa, suna samun albashi fiye da masu jinya, fannin da ya mamaye mata. A cikin yanayi inda, misali, wutar lantarki ke yin aikin su ƙafa 200 sama da ƙasan bene na rijiyar mai, to ya kamata acigaba da amfaninda it's hard biya ya zama mafi girma saboda haɗarin sun yi yawa haka. Koyaya, wannan baya bayanin rata tsakanin matsakaicin aikin masu wutar lantarki. Sukar da aka yi wa daidaitaccen albashi don aiki iri ɗaya shi ne rashin ingantattun hanyoyin daidaitawa, ya dogara ne da abubuwan da ke ƙarkashin ikon mallaka kuma ba ya dogara da ainihin hujjoji da ƙididdiga Kamar yadda yake a misalin da ya gabata, bincika ya tabbata da cewa magana ce ta ƙarya cewa masu aikin lantarki ke samun kuɗi fiye da masu jinya. Dangane da ƙididdigar masu aikin wutar lantarki suna samun ~ 1015 $ / mako-mako ( <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://beta.bls.gov/dataViewer/view/timeseries/LEU0254666500 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-07-12 |archive-date=2021-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185351/https://beta.bls.gov/dataViewer/view/timeseries/LEU0254666500 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ) yayin da masu jinya ke samun ~ 1223 $ / mako-mako ( <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://beta.bls.gov/dataViewer/view/timeseries/LEU0254541300 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-07-12 |archive-date=2021-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190033/https://beta.bls.gov/dataViewer/view/timeseries/LEU0254541300 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ), don haka a wannan yanayin yana tabbatar da cewa ma’aikatan jinya, filin da mace ta mamaye, sun fi ma’aikatan lantarki yawa, namiji mamaye filin. == Dokokin nuna gaskiya == [[File:Gender_Pay_Inequality.jpg|thumb|222x222px| Mace rike da wata alama da ke nuna cewa tana samun kasa da "shi" (abokin aikin maza) na aiki daya.]] Dokar nuna gaskiya ita ce buɗewa, da ka'idojin fa'idoji waɗanda ke ɗaukar kasuwanci da gwamnatoci. Dokokin nuna gaskiya suna tilasta kamfanoni su bayyana albashin ga ma'aikata, masu daukar ma'aikata, da kuma gwamnati. Tsarancin biyan jinsi an bayyana shi azaman matsakaicin bambanci tsakanin biyan diyya da aka baiwa ga jinsunan mu maza da mata don aikinsu ko aikinsu. An sanya dokokin nuna gaskiya don rage wannan gibin na biyan albashi. Waɗannan dokokin sun haifar da ragin kashi biyu cikin ɗari a gibin jinsi ta hanyar samar da albashi ga jama'a, wanda ya sauƙaƙa ganin banbancin biyan kowane jinsi. Ba tare da dokokin nuna gaskiya ba, masu ba da aiki suna ɗaukar mata da yawa idan aka kwatanta da maza saboda ƙananan albashi. Masu ba da aikin da ke ɗaukar nauyin maza da mata daidai suke ɗora wa kamfanoni ƙimar albashi, saboda albashin maza ya fi tsada sosai kuwa. Garuruwan da suka aiwatar da dokokin nuna gaskiya sun nuna shaidar mahimman canje-canje a cikin albashin mata saboda nuna gaskiya. Bayyananniyar ba wai kawai a cikin gwamnati da ma'aikata ba ne, amma a tsakanin ma'aikata, ba wa mata da maza abokan aiki damar lura da albashin juna. Mata, musamman, na iya amfani da wannan bayanin don samun daidaiton biyan kuɗi. Wannan na iya taimakawa wajen rage rashin daidaiton biyan kuɗi na mata lokacin da suke aiki iri ɗaya da na mazaje. == Duba kuma == * ''Allonby v.'' ''Accrington da Kwalejin Rossendale'' * Daidaita Ranar Biya * Mata na talauci * Gibin biyan jinsi a Indiya * Rufin gilashi * Dokar farashi ɗaya * Mata kayan abu == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.evendon.net/PublicService/cgi-bin/HandOff-1_0.cgi?SC2006+05-1074_Ledbetter_v_Goodyear_Tire__Rubber_Co+0001#top Ledbetter v Goodyear Kotun Koli] * [http://www.three-peaks.net/equalpay.htm Biyan Binciken Adalci] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200123150337/http://www.three-peaks.net/equalpay.htm |date=2020-01-23 }} * [http://www.cnn.com/2004/US/Careers/10/22/equal.pay/ Rahoton CNN] "[https://web.archive.org/web/20081202014937/http://digital.library.unt.edu/govdocs/crs/search.tkl?q=pay+equity&search_crit=title&search=Search&date1=Anytime&date2=Anytime&type=form Karanta Sabis ɗin Binciken Kasuwanci (CRS) game da Biyan Kuɗi] * [https://reuther.wayne.edu/taxonomy/term/581 Hotunan Tarihi da bayanai game da gwagwarmayar biyan kuɗi.] Walter P. Reuther Library of Labour da Harkokin Gari. Jami'ar Jihar Wayne. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150518234720/http://www.marxist.com/women/equal_pay.html "Duk Me Ya Faru Daidai Daidai?"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20150518234720/http://www.marxist.com/women/equal_pay.html Rubutun Markisanci] * [http://www.pay-equity.co/day-kit.html Biyan Kungiyar Daidaita] * [http://epowertv.blogspot.com/2005_05_01_epowertv_archive.html "Shin Zaɓin Gap Mata ne Zaɓaɓɓu", Rachel Bondi] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140221222926/http://viewer.zmags.com/showmag.php?mid=pfgsh#/page14/ "Gaskiya Bayan Albashin Mata a Mining", Jack Caldwell da Cecilia Jamasmie] ==Manazarta== [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 87zucvblpd3icirg27tr475xex4xs44 0 24494 961417 891189 2026-10-01T15:10:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Daasebre Oti Boateng,'''(An haifeshi a shekarar ta 1938 kuma ya mutu watan Agustan Shekara ta 2021) masanin ƙididdiga ne na ƙasar Ghana, masani, kuma mai sarautar gargajiya. Ya kasance Omanhene (babban sarki) na New Juaben a Yankin Gabas daga shekarar ta 1992 har zuwa rasuwarsa a 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Clottey|first=Peter|date=21 August 2012|title=Ghanaian Traditional Ruler Cautions Against Campaign Insults {{!}} Voice of America - English|url=https://www.voanews.com/africa/ghanaian-traditional-ruler-cautions-against-campaign-insults|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001140647/https://www.voanews.com/africa/ghanaian-traditional-ruler-cautions-against-campaign-insults|archive-date=2020-10-01|access-date=2021-01-02|website=www.voanews.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Let's honour our elders - Daasebre Oti-Boateng|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/350886/lets-honour-our-elders-daasebre-oti-boateng.html|access-date=2021-01-02|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Abedu-Kennedy|first=Dorcas|date=2020-08-20|title=I stand by my letters of protestation – Daasebre Oti Boateng to Okyenhene|url=https://www.adomonline.com/i-stand-by-my-letters-of-protestation-daasebre-oti-boateng-to-okyenhene/|access-date=2021-01-02|website=Adomonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-13|title=Daasebre Oti Boateng swears in Akyempemhene|url=https://www.atinkaonline.com/fm/daasebre-oti-boateng-swears-in-akyempemhene/|access-date=2021-01-02|website=Atinka FM|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919013744/https://www.atinkaonline.com/fm/daasebre-oti-boateng-swears-in-akyempemhene/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/1100773/daasebre-oti-boateng-dies-at.html|title=Daasebre Oti Boateng dies at 83|work=[[ModernGhana]]|date=27 August 2021|access-date=27 August 2021}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Majalissar Sarakunan Yankin Gabas.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Daasebre Oti Boateng raises concerns with composition of reconstituted Eastern Reg. House of Chiefs|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/daasebre-oti-boateng-raises-concerns-with-composition-of-reconstituted-eastern-reg-house-of-chiefs.html|access-date=2021-01-02|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Konongo Odumasi don karatun sakandare.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Daasebre Oti Boateng urges Ghanaians to let truth be their guide|url=https://www.businessghana.com/|access-date=2021-01-03|website=BusinessGhana}}</ref> Oti Boateng ya cigaba zuwa Jami'ar Ghana inda kuma ya kammala da digirinsa na farko (BSc) a fannin tattalin arziki.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|title=Daasebre Dr. Oti Boateng {{!}} Who's Who in Ghana|url=https://whoswhoghana.app/traditional-leaders/daasebre-dr-oti-boateng/|access-date=2021-01-03|website=whoswhoghana.app|language=en|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829215538/https://whoswhoghana.app/traditional-leaders/daasebre-dr-oti-boateng/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki da Kimiyyar Siyasa ta London inda ya sami digiri na biyu (MSc) a Ƙididdiga. Oti Boateng ya kuma rike digirin Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) a Kididdiga daga Jami'ar Liverpool, United Kingdom.<ref name=":022">{{Cite web|title=Daasebre Dr. Oti Boateng {{!}} Who's Who in Ghana|url=https://whoswhoghana.app/traditional-leaders/daasebre-dr-oti-boateng/|access-date=2021-01-03|website=whoswhoghana.app|language=en|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829215538/https://whoswhoghana.app/traditional-leaders/daasebre-dr-oti-boateng/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == Oti Boateng ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ƙididdiga na Gwamnatin Ghana kuma shugaban Ma'aikatar Kididdiga daga shekarar ta 1982 zuwa 2000 wanda aka tattara zuwa jimlar shekaru 17 a matsayin shugaban sabis na ƙididdiga.<ref name=":02" /> Daasebre ya kuma yi aiki tare da Jami'ar Ghana na tsawon shekaru 14. A cikin shekaru 14 ya hau kan matsayin Babban Jami'in Bincike kuma daga baya Daraktan Nazarin a Cibiyar Ƙididdiga, Bincike da Tattalin Arziki (ISSER). An zaɓi Oti Boateng a matsayin shugaban bakaken fata na farko na Hukumar Kididdiga ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya A shekarar ta 1987.<ref name=":022" /><ref name=":12">{{Cite web|last=Graphic.com.gh|date=27 March 2019|title=Daasebre Oti Boateng launches 3 volumes of 'Unity in Development' book in Accra|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-daasebre-oti-boateng-launches-3-volumes-of-unity-in-development-book-in-accra.html?fbclid=IwAR3jKqFTzcyHKWStH6ayY5qCkja5FijT7eP1W6EqXAKY8fXd3OlZnA3s45E|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-01-02|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref> A shekarar ta 1993, ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Babban Taron Kididdiga na Kwadago na 15 wanda aka gudanar a Geneva.<ref name=":02" /> Ya kasance memba na Hukumar Kula da Ma’aikata ta Duniya (ICSC) kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishina a Hukumar a Hedikwatar Majalissar Dinkin Duniya da ke New York.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ghana News Agency|date=16 August 2010|title=United Nations Secretary-General meets Daasebre Oti Boateng|url=https://www.businessghana.com/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-01-03|website=BusinessGhana}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ghanaweb|date=23 March 2018|title=News & Event {{!}} NDPC|url=https://www.ndpc.gov.gh/news/1627/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613102609/https://www.ndpc.gov.gh/news/1627/|archive-date=2021-06-13|access-date=2021-01-03|website=www.ndpc.gov.gh}}</ref> Shi ne Shugaban Jami'ar All Nations, wata jami'a mai zaman kanta a Yankin Gabas.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Online|first=Peace FM|title=Ghana Needs New Policy Regime On Space Engineering – ANU Chancellor Oti Boateng|url=https://peacefmonline.com/pages/local/tech/201707/319907.php|access-date=2021-01-03|website=Peacefmonline.com - Ghana news|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829215538/https://peacefmonline.com/pages/local/tech/201707/319907.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sarauta == Ya hau kan kujerar Sabuwar Juaben a ƙarƙashin kujerar Daasebre Oti Boateng a shekarar 1992, ya gaji babban ɗan'uwansa kuma magabacinsa, marigayi Nana Kwaku Boateng II. Ya kasance memba na gidan sarautar Yiadom-Hwedie na Juaben, Ashanti, da New Juaben. Mahaifiyarsa ita ce sarauniyar Juaben. == Mawallafi == Oti Boateng ya wallafa littattafai da dama da takardun bincike game da mulkin gida, kididdiga da al'umma, ci gaban kasa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-23|title=Daasebre Oti Boateng Introduces Pan- African Dev't Day|url=https://dailyguidenetwork.com/daasebre-oti-boateng-introduces-pan-african-devt-day/|access-date=2021-01-03|website=DailyGuide Network|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Agency|first=Ghana News|date=2014-11-10|title=Daasebre Oti Boateng serves UN Commission the second time|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/daasebre-oti-boateng-serves-un-commission-the-second-time/|access-date=2021-01-03|website=News Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=About the Book « Development in Unity Series|url=https://www.daasebreotiboateng.com/book/|access-date=2021-01-03|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829215539/https://www.daasebreotiboateng.com/book/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Daasebre Professor Emmanuel Oti Boateng: A methodology for measuring the regional impact of Covid-19|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/daasebre-professor-emmanuel-oti-boateng-a-methodology-for-measuring-the-regional-impact-of-covid-19/|access-date=2021-01-03|website=MyJoyOnline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2019 ya ƙaddamar da littafin juzu'i na 3 mai taken '''Development in Unity''<nowiki/>' a Accra.<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":2" /> == Rayuwar mutum == Ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar 'yan ƙabilanci a ƙarƙashin Babban Lodge na Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Starrfm.com.gh|date=2019-04-28|title=Stop fake news about Freemasons - Daasebre Oti Boateng|url=https://starrfm.com.gh/2019/04/stop-fake-news-about-freemasons-daasebre-oti-boateng/|access-date=2021-01-02|website=Starr Fm|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200503031444/https://starrfm.com.gh/2019/04/stop-fake-news-about-freemasons-daasebre-oti-boateng/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Haifaffun 1938]] 1o7eomhviw8quf8gtkasy1xgthvisor 0 25845 961623 960467 2026-10-01T23:52:09Z Baffa ali 47435 An kirkira ta fassara "Early life and education" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1370863710|Ola Balogun]]" 961623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ola Balogun''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1945) ɗan fim ne kuma Marubucin rubutun Najeriya. Ya kuma shiga Masana'antar kiɗa ta Najeriya a shekara ta 2001. Balogun, wanda ke yin fina-finai sama da shekaru talatin, yana daga cikin ƙarni na farko na masu shirya fina-fukkuna na Najeriya. Balogun ta yi karatun fim a Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematography . Shekaru bayan kammala karatunsa, ya rubuta takardar digirin digirinsa a kan fina-finai.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar 1968, ya shiga ma'aikatan Sashin Fim na Najeriya, wanda ke karkashin gwamnatin [[Ma'aikatar Watsa Labarai ta Tarayya da Wayar da Kan Jama'a (Nijeriya)|Ma'aikatar Bayanai]], sannan daga baya ya yi aiki a Gidan Tarihi na Kasa da [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]]. Fim din farko na Balogun sun kasance gajerun takardun shaida: One Nigeria da aka fitar a 1969, Les Ponts de Paris (1971), Fire In the Afternoon (1971), ''Thundergod'' (1971), Nupe Masquerade (1972), In the Beginning (1972), da Owuama, A New Yam Festival (1973). {{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim dinsa na farko shi ne ''Alfa'', fim din da ba shi da kuɗi sosai wanda aka fitar a shekarar 1972 lokacin da yake a Ife.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa kamfaninsa na fim mai zaman kansa, Afrocult Foundation, wanda ya fitar da fina-finai na gaba. Wanda ya biyo baya ga ''Alfa'' shine Vivre, wanda aka saki a shekara ta 1974, sannan kuma ''Nigersteel'', aikin da gwamnati ke tallafawa. A shekara ta 1975, ya fitar da ''Amadi'', fim din [[Harshen Ibo|Harshen Igbo]].{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Ayyukansa na gaba shine jagorantar da samar da ''Ajani Ogun'', fim na yaren Yoruba tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Duro Ladipo kuma yana da Ade Love . Fim din ya kasance babban ofishin jakadancin kuma shahararren ''Ajani Ogun'' ya tada bayanan Balogun a cikin fim din fim da shugabanci a cikin kasar. Kodayake fim dinsa na gaba Musik Man bai sami karbuwa sosai daga masu sauraro ba, aikin da ya biyo baya, Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'', ya sami shahara.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Balogun ya bi ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra (1978), samar da Portuguese-Nijeriya, sannan ''Aiye'' (1980), tare da [[Hubert Ogunde]], da ''[[Orun Mooru]]'' (1982) tare da Moses Olaiya . == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Balogun a shekara ta 1945 a Aba, [[Najeriya]], ga iyayen [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]]. Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya a Aba har zuwa mutuwarsa lokacin da Balogun ke da shekaru 12. Harshen farko da Balogun ya koya magana shi ne [[Harshen Ibo|Ibo]].<ref name="modernghana">{{Cite web |title=Ola Balogun |url=http://www.modernghana.com/moviethread2/1626/3/ |access-date=29 September 2009 |publisher=Modern Ghana}}</ref> Ya halarci Makarantar Kristi Sarki, Aba, daga 1951 zuwa 1957, sannan ya tafi [[King's College, Lagos|Kwalejin Sarki, Legas]]. Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Dakar daga 1962 zuwa 1963, a Jami'an Caen a [[Faransa]] (1963-66), kuma a Institut des hautes études cinématographiques (daga 1966 zuwa 1968), inda Christopher Miles ya kasance ɗan ɗalibi. == Farkon aiki == Balogun ya koma Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]] kuma a wani lokaci Najeriya ba ta da masana'antar fina-finai ta asali. A shekara ta 1969, ya kasance marubuci tare da sashin fim na Ma'aikatar Bayanai ta Tarayyar Najeriya kafin a tura shi zuwa [[Faris|Paris]] a matsayin mai ba da labarai na ofishin jakadancin Najeriya a can, kuma a Paris, ya buga wasan game da [[Shango]]. Ya koma Najeriya kuma yana da alaƙa da Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka a [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo|Jami'ar Ife]] . Shirin farko na Balogun shine One Nigeria (1969), wani shirin fim game da ra'ayinsa game da yakin basasar Najeriya . A tsakiyar yakin, Balogun ya bi ƙungiyar masu lura da Faransa zuwa fagen yaƙi, inda ya ga lalacewar da yaƙin ya haifar. Takardun shaida na One Nigeria da Eastern Nigeria Revisited sun rinjayi ra'ayinsa game da yakin. Wani majagaba na yin fim na Najeriya, Balogun ya samar da fina-finai na farko a farkon shekarun 1970. Fim dinsa na 1981 For Freedom! an shigar da shi cikin bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 12 na Moscow . <ref name="Moscow1981">{{Cite web |title=12th Moscow International Film Festival (1981) |url=http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421050907/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=MIFF}}</ref> A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa Gidauniyar Afrocult, kamfani mai zaman kansa. == Ayyukan fim == Bayan samar da shirye-shirye, Balogun ya samar da ''Alfa'', fim mai matsakaici game da wani ɗan gudun hijirar Afirka a Paris. Sakamakon sa shine Vivre, labarin da ba na almara ba ne game da abokinsa wanda ya zama nakasassu sakamakon hatsari. Bayan Vivre, gwamnati ta ba da izini ga Balogun don samar da ''Nigersteel'', fim game da matakin masana'antu na Najeriya. Ayyukan fim dinsa na gaba sun shafi batun rungumar da kuma watsi da al'adun Afirka da al'adarsu a cikin neman burin nan gaba. Wannan fim din, ''Amadi'', wanda aka fitar a shekara ta 1975, fim ne na harshen Igbo game da wani mutum da ke komawa ƙauyen bayan ya sami iyakantaccen nasara da ɗan gamsuwa a birnin Legas. A cikin ƙauyen, ya yi amfani da ilimin da ƙwarewar da aka koya don inganta amfani da fasahar noma ta zamani. Fim din ya bunƙasa sabon wuri a cikin fina-finai na Najeriya a matsayin fim na farko mai tsawo a cikin harshen Igbo.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim din ya sami nasara a [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya|Gabashin Najeriya]] amma ya iyakance nasara a wasu wurare. Ajani Ogun, fim na farko na yaren Yoruba na Balogun wani kiɗa ne da aka saki a cikin nau'in celluloid a 1975. Fim din yana da Ade Love a matsayin jagora, yayin da yawancin ma'aikatan suka fito ne daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Duro Ladipo. Balogun ya kai ga masu sauraro da yawa tare da ''Ajani Ogun'' kuma nasarar fim din ta haifar da karuwa a cikin karɓar wasan kwaikwayo na mataki da Yoruba ke yi a cikin fina-finai masu tsawo. Bayan nasarar ''Ajani Ogun'', aikinsa na gaba shine Musik Man, fim din da aka samar a cikin [[Pidgin na Najeriya|pidgin]] da Ingilishi don isa ga masu sauraro da yawa. Koyaya, fim ɗin bai sami nasarar kuɗi ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Balogun ya dawo tare da ''Ija Ominira'', wanda aka daidaita da littafin [[Adebayo Faleti]], ''Omo Olokun Esin'', wanda ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ke yi a kan mataki. An samar da fim din ne tare da hadin gwiwar Ade Love, babban dan wasan kwaikwayo a ''Ajani Ogun''; Ade Love shi ne kuma babban dan wasan a ''Ija Ominira'' . Akwai matsalolin yin fim tsakanin Balogun da Ade Love a kan saitin ''Ija Ominira'', maza biyu suna da ƙananan rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. Balogun ya bi Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra, wanda aka fi sani da ''[[Black Goddess]]'', wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni; aikin haɗin gwiwar Najeriya ne da Brazil wanda Embrafilm na Brazil ya rarraba. Wani furodusa na Brazil ya ga wasu ayyukan da Balogun ya yi a baya kuma ya nemi ya harbe sabon fim a Brazil. Duk da wasu tashin hankali da ƙalubalen kuɗi, ya kammala fim din a shekarar 1978. A cikin ''Aiye'' (1979), Balogun ya fadada wasan kwaikwayo na daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan [[Hubert Ogunde]] a cikin fim mai tsawo. Taken fim din labari ne na gargajiya game da gwagwarmaya tsakanin nagarta da mugunta. Mai kyau shine firist na gargajiya ko [[Babalawo]] kuma mugayen haruffa sune mayu a ƙauyen.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}''Aiye'', wanda ya dauki ma'aikatan wasan kwaikwayo na Yoruba da yawa da wasu ma'aikatan fasaha daga ''Black Goddess'', nasara ce ta kudi, kodayake kamar yadda yake tare da ''Ija Ominira'', Balogun da Hubert Ogunde, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma mai haɗin gwiwa, suna da wasu rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. A cikin 1980, Balogun ya samar da Cry Freedom (wanda ake kira ''Haraka'' a baya), tare da Prunella Gee da Albert Hall a cikin manyan matsayi. An harbe fim din a [[Ghana]], kuma Balogun ya yi amfani da wasu masu fasaha, kamar Jose Medeiros, wanda a baya ya yi aiki tare da shi a kan A Deusa Negra . Cry Freedom, wanda [[Meja Mwangi]]'s Carcase for Hounds ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi, game da tashin hankali ne wanda ya haifar da yakin basasa a wata ƙasa ta Afirka. Fim din ya sami magoya baya tsakanin masu ilimi na Najeriya, amma bai yi kira ga masu sauraro ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Haɗin gwiwar Balogun tare da Musa Olaiya, wanda aka fi sani da Baba Sala, babban kasafin kuɗi ne Orun Mooru (Heaven is Hot). Bayan haka, Balogun ya daina aiki tare da manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Yoruba. A shekara ta 1982, ya saki Money Power . == Rayuwar siyasa == Balogun ya kasance memba na Ofishin Siyasa na [[Ibrahim Babangida|Shugaba Babangida]] amma ya yi murabus saboda damuwa game da hanyar cimma burin ofishin. [Tushen da aka buga da kansa]  Balogun ya kasance mai halartar [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] akai-akai (Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Panafrican na Ouagadougou).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2021}} == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! style="width:33px;" |Year ! width="145" |Film ! width="65" |Director ! width="65" |Producer ! width="65" |Writer |- |1972 | style="text-align:left" |''Alpha'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Ajani Ogun'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Amadi'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1976 | style="text-align:left" |''Musik Man'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''Ija Ominira'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Black Goddess]]'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |- |1979 | style="text-align:left" |''Aiye'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1981 | style="text-align:left" |''Cry Freedom'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''Money Power'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Orun Mooru]]'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1988 | style="text-align:left" |''River Niger, Black Mother'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1993 | style="text-align:left" |''Magic of Nigeria'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1994 | style="text-align:left" |''Destination Barbados'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1998 | style="text-align:left" |''Gods of Africa in Brazil'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |} == Farkon rayuwa da karatu == {{Authority control}}'''Ola Balogun''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1945) ɗan fim ne kuma Marubucin rubutun Najeriya. Ya kuma shiga Masana'antar kiɗa ta Najeriya a shekara ta 2001. Balogun, wanda ke yin fina-finai sama da shekaru talatin, yana daga cikin ƙarni na farko na masu shirya fina-fukkuna na Najeriya.12345Balogun ta yi karatun fim a Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematography . Shekaru bayan kammala karatunsa, ya rubuta takardar digirin digirinsa a kan fina-finai.[1]Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar 1968, ya shiga ma'aikatan Sashin Fim na Najeriya, wanda ke karkashin gwamnatin Ma'aikatar Bayanai, sannan daga baya ya yi aiki a Gidan Tarihi na Kasa da Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo. Fim din farko na Balogun sun kasance gajerun takardun shaida: One Nigeria da aka fitar a 1969, Les Ponts de Paris (1971), Fire In the Afternoon (1971), Thundergod (1971), Nupe Masquerade (1972), In the Beginning (1972), da Owuama, A New Yam Festival (1973). [1]Fim dinsa na farko shi ne Alfa, fim din da ba shi da kuɗi sosai wanda aka fitar Balogun ta yi karatun fim a Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematography . Shekaru bayan kammala karatunsa, ya rubuta takardar digirin digirinsa a kan fina-finai.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar 1968, ya shiga ma'aikatan Sashin Fim na Najeriya, wanda ke karkashin gwamnatin [[Ma'aikatar Watsa Labarai ta Tarayya da Wayar da Kan Jama'a (Nijeriya)|Ma'aikatar Bayanai]], sannan daga baya ya yi aiki a Gidan Tarihi na Kasa da [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]]. Fim din farko na Balogun sun kasance gajerun takardun shaida: One Nigeria da aka fitar a 1969, Les Ponts de Paris (1971), Fire In the Afternoon (1971), ''Thundergod'' (1971), Nupe Masquerade (1972), In the Beginning (1972), da Owuama, A New Yam Festival (1973). {{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim dinsa na farko shi ne ''Alfa'', fim din da ba shi da kuɗi sosai wanda aka fitar a shekarar 1972 lokacin da yake a Ife.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa kamfaninsa na fim mai zaman kansa, Afrocult Foundation, wanda ya fitar da fina-finai na gaba. Wanda ya biyo baya ga ''Alfa'' shine Vivre, wanda aka saki a shekara ta 1974, sannan kuma ''Nigersteel'', aikin da gwamnati ke tallafawa. A shekara ta 1975, ya fitar da ''Amadi'', fim din [[Harshen Ibo|Harshen Igbo]].{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Ayyukansa na gaba shine jagorantar da samar da ''Ajani Ogun'', fim na yaren Yoruba tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Duro Ladipo kuma yana da Ade Love . Fim din ya kasance babban ofishin jakadancin kuma shahararren ''Ajani Ogun'' ya tada bayanan Balogun a cikin fim din fim da shugabanci a cikin kasar. Kodayake fim dinsa na gaba Musik Man bai sami karbuwa sosai daga masu sauraro ba, aikin da ya biyo baya, Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'', ya sami shahara.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Balogun ya bi ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra (1978), samar da Portuguese-Nijeriya, sannan ''Aiye'' (1980), tare da [[Hubert Ogunde]], da ''[[Orun Mooru]]'' (1982) tare da Moses Olaiya . == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Balogun a shekara ta 1945 a Aba, [[Najeriya]], ga iyayen [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]]. Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya a Aba har zuwa mutuwarsa lokacin da Balogun ke da shekaru 12. Harshen farko da Balogun ya koya magana shi ne [[Harshen Ibo|Ibo]].<ref name="modernghana">{{Cite web |title=Ola Balogun |url=http://www.modernghana.com/moviethread2/1626/3/ |access-date=29 September 2009 |publisher=Modern Ghana}}</ref> Ya halarci Makarantar Kristi Sarki, Aba, daga 1951 zuwa 1957, sannan ya tafi [[King's College, Lagos|Kwalejin Sarki, Legas]]. Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Dakar daga 1962 zuwa 1963, a Jami'an Caen a [[Faransa]] (1963-66), kuma a Institut des hautes études cinématographiques (daga 1966 zuwa 1968), inda Christopher Miles ya kasance ɗan ɗalibi. An yi amfani da fuskar Murray da jikinta a matsayin abin koyi ga halin Liara T'Soni a cikin ƙungiyar wasannin bidiyo ta Mass Effect . [1] Ta fito a shirin farko na farfaɗo da shirin gaskiya na 2011 mai suna Fear Factor == Farkon aiki == Balogun ya koma Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]] kuma a wani lokaci Najeriya ba ta da masana'antar fina-finai ta asali. A shekara ta 1969, ya kasance marubuci tare da sashin fim na Ma'aikatar Bayanai ta Tarayyar Najeriya kafin a tura shi zuwa [[Faris|Paris]] a matsayin mai ba da labarai na ofishin jakadancin Najeriya a can, kuma a Paris, ya buga wasan game da [[Shango]]. Ya koma Najeriya kuma yana da alaƙa da Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka a [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo|Jami'ar Ife]] . Shirin farko na Balogun shine One Nigeria (1969), wani shirin fim game da ra'ayinsa game da yakin basasar Najeriya . A tsakiyar yakin, Balogun ya bi ƙungiyar masu lura da Faransa zuwa fagen yaƙi, inda ya ga lalacewar da yaƙin ya haifar. Takardun shaida na One Nigeria da Eastern Nigeria Revisited sun rinjayi ra'ayinsa game da yakin. Wani majagaba na yin fim na Najeriya, Balogun ya samar da fina-finai na farko a farkon shekarun 1970. Fim dinsa na 1981 For Freedom! an shigar da shi cikin bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 12 na Moscow . <ref name="Moscow1981">{{Cite web |title=12th Moscow International Film Festival (1981) |url=http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421050907/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=MIFF}}</ref> A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa Gidauniyar Afrocult, kamfani mai zaman kansa. == Ayyukan fim == Bayan samar da shirye-shirye, Balogun ya samar da ''Alfa'', fim mai matsakaici game da wani ɗan gudun hijirar Afirka a Paris. Sakamakon sa shine Vivre, labarin da ba na almara ba ne game da abokinsa wanda ya zama nakasassu sakamakon hatsari. Bayan Vivre, gwamnati ta ba da izini ga Balogun don samar da ''Nigersteel'', fim game da matakin masana'antu na Najeriya. Ayyukan fim dinsa na gaba sun shafi batun rungumar da kuma watsi da al'adun Afirka da al'adarsu a cikin neman burin nan gaba. Wannan fim din, ''Amadi'', wanda aka fitar a shekara ta 1975, fim ne na harshen Igbo game da wani mutum da ke komawa ƙauyen bayan ya sami iyakantaccen nasara da ɗan gamsuwa a birnin Legas. A cikin ƙauyen, ya yi amfani da ilimin da ƙwarewar da aka koya don inganta amfani da fasahar noma ta zamani. Fim din ya bunƙasa sabon wuri a cikin fina-finai na Najeriya a matsayin fim na farko mai tsawo a cikin harshen Igbo.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim din ya sami nasara a [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya|Gabashin Najeriya]] amma ya iyakance nasara a wasu wurare. Ajani Ogun, fim na farko na yaren Yoruba na Balogun wani kiɗa ne da aka saki a cikin nau'in celluloid a 1975. Fim din yana da Ade Love a matsayin jagora, yayin da yawancin ma'aikatan suka fito ne daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Duro Ladipo. Balogun ya kai ga masu sauraro da yawa tare da ''Ajani Ogun'' kuma nasarar fim din ta haifar da karuwa a cikin karɓar wasan kwaikwayo na mataki da Yoruba ke yi a cikin fina-finai masu tsawo. Bayan nasarar ''Ajani Ogun'', aikinsa na gaba shine Musik Man, fim din da aka samar a cikin [[Pidgin na Najeriya|pidgin]] da Ingilishi don isa ga masu sauraro da yawa. Koyaya, fim ɗin bai sami nasarar kuɗi ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Balogun ya dawo tare da ''Ija Ominira'', wanda aka daidaita da littafin [[Adebayo Faleti]], ''Omo Olokun Esin'', wanda ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ke yi a kan mataki. An samar da fim din ne tare da hadin gwiwar Ade Love, babban dan wasan kwaikwayo a ''Ajani Ogun''; Ade Love shi ne kuma babban dan wasan a ''Ija Ominira'' . Akwai matsalolin yin fim tsakanin Balogun da Ade Love a kan saitin ''Ija Ominira'', maza biyu suna da ƙananan rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. Balogun ya bi Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra, wanda aka fi sani da ''[[Black Goddess]]'', wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni; aikin haɗin gwiwar Najeriya ne da Brazil wanda Embrafilm na Brazil ya rarraba. Wani furodusa na Brazil ya ga wasu ayyukan da Balogun ya yi a baya kuma ya nemi ya harbe sabon fim a Brazil. Duk da wasu tashin hankali da ƙalubalen kuɗi, ya kammala fim din a shekarar 1978. A cikin ''Aiye'' (1979), Balogun ya fadada wasan kwaikwayo na daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan [[Hubert Ogunde]] a cikin fim mai tsawo. Taken fim din labari ne na gargajiya game da gwagwarmaya tsakanin nagarta da mugunta. Mai kyau shine firist na gargajiya ko [[Babalawo]] kuma mugayen haruffa sune mayu a ƙauyen.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}''Aiye'', wanda ya dauki ma'aikatan wasan kwaikwayo na Yoruba da yawa da wasu ma'aikatan fasaha daga ''Black Goddess'', nasara ce ta kudi, kodayake kamar yadda yake tare da ''Ija Ominira'', Balogun da Hubert Ogunde, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma mai haɗin gwiwa, suna da wasu rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. A cikin 1980, Balogun ya samar da Cry Freedom (wanda ake kira ''Haraka'' a baya), tare da Prunella Gee da Albert Hall a cikin manyan matsayi. An harbe fim din a [[Ghana]], kuma Balogun ya yi amfani da wasu masu fasaha, kamar Jose Medeiros, wanda a baya ya yi aiki tare da shi a kan A Deusa Negra . Cry Freedom, wanda [[Meja Mwangi]]'s Carcase for Hounds ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi, game da tashin hankali ne wanda ya haifar da yakin basasa a wata ƙasa ta Afirka. Fim din ya sami magoya baya tsakanin masu ilimi na Najeriya, amma bai yi kira ga masu sauraro ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Haɗin gwiwar Balogun tare da Musa Olaiya, wanda aka fi sani da Baba Sala, babban kasafin kuɗi ne Orun Mooru (Heaven is Hot). Bayan haka, Balogun ya daina aiki tare da manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Yoruba. A shekara ta 1982, ya saki Money Power . == Rayuwar siyasa == Balogun ya kasance memba na Ofishin Siyasa na [[Ibrahim Babangida|Shugaba Babangida]] amma ya yi murabus saboda damuwa game da hanyar cimma burin ofishin. [Tushen da aka buga da kansa]  Balogun ya kasance mai halartar [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] akai-akai (Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Panafrican na Ouagadougou).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2021}} == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! style="width:33px;" |Year ! width="145" |Film ! width="65" |Director ! width="65" |Producer ! width="65" |Writer |- |1972 | style="text-align:left" |''Alpha'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Ajani Ogun'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Amadi'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1976 | style="text-align:left" |''Musik Man'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''Ija Ominira'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Black Goddess]]'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |- |1979 | style="text-align:left" |''Aiye'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1981 | style="text-align:left" |''Cry Freedom'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''Money Power'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Orun Mooru]]'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1988 | style="text-align:left" |''River Niger, Black Mother'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1993 | style="text-align:left" |''Magic of Nigeria'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1994 | style="text-align:left" |''Destination Barbados'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1998 | style="text-align:left" |''Gods of Africa in Brazil'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |} == Manazarta == *   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|0051059|Ola Balogun}} * [https://mubi.com/cast/ola-balogun Ola Balogun] at MUBI * [https://www.arsenal-berlin.de/en/arsenal-cinema/past-programs/single/article/6390/2804/archive/2017/january.html "Ola Balogun, pioneer of Nigerian cinema"], Arsenal Cinema, January 2017. == Manazarta == *   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|0051059|Ola Balogun}} * [https://mubi.com/cast/ola-balogun Ola Balogun] at MUBI * [https://www.arsenal-berlin.de/en/arsenal-cinema/past-programs/single/article/6390/2804/archive/2017/january.html "Ola Balogun, pioneer of Nigerian cinema"], Arsenal Cinema, January 2017. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ry4l8619ion00e6d8594omab077mj21 961624 961623 2026-10-01T23:53:33Z Baffa ali 47435 /* Farkon rayuwa da karatu */ 961624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ola Balogun''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1945) ɗan fim ne kuma Marubucin rubutun Najeriya. Ya kuma shiga Masana'antar kiɗa ta Najeriya a shekara ta 2001. Balogun, wanda ke yin fina-finai sama da shekaru talatin, yana daga cikin ƙarni na farko na masu shirya fina-fukkuna na Najeriya. Balogun ta yi karatun fim a Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematography . Shekaru bayan kammala karatunsa, ya rubuta takardar digirin digirinsa a kan fina-finai.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar 1968, ya shiga ma'aikatan Sashin Fim na Najeriya, wanda ke karkashin gwamnatin [[Ma'aikatar Watsa Labarai ta Tarayya da Wayar da Kan Jama'a (Nijeriya)|Ma'aikatar Bayanai]], sannan daga baya ya yi aiki a Gidan Tarihi na Kasa da [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]]. Fim din farko na Balogun sun kasance gajerun takardun shaida: One Nigeria da aka fitar a 1969, Les Ponts de Paris (1971), Fire In the Afternoon (1971), ''Thundergod'' (1971), Nupe Masquerade (1972), In the Beginning (1972), da Owuama, A New Yam Festival (1973). {{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim dinsa na farko shi ne ''Alfa'', fim din da ba shi da kuɗi sosai wanda aka fitar a shekarar 1972 lokacin da yake a Ife.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa kamfaninsa na fim mai zaman kansa, Afrocult Foundation, wanda ya fitar da fina-finai na gaba. Wanda ya biyo baya ga ''Alfa'' shine Vivre, wanda aka saki a shekara ta 1974, sannan kuma ''Nigersteel'', aikin da gwamnati ke tallafawa. A shekara ta 1975, ya fitar da ''Amadi'', fim din [[Harshen Ibo|Harshen Igbo]].{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Ayyukansa na gaba shine jagorantar da samar da ''Ajani Ogun'', fim na yaren Yoruba tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Duro Ladipo kuma yana da Ade Love . Fim din ya kasance babban ofishin jakadancin kuma shahararren ''Ajani Ogun'' ya tada bayanan Balogun a cikin fim din fim da shugabanci a cikin kasar. Kodayake fim dinsa na gaba Musik Man bai sami karbuwa sosai daga masu sauraro ba, aikin da ya biyo baya, Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'', ya sami shahara.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Balogun ya bi ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra (1978), samar da Portuguese-Nijeriya, sannan ''Aiye'' (1980), tare da [[Hubert Ogunde]], da ''[[Orun Mooru]]'' (1982) tare da Moses Olaiya . == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Balogun a shekara ta 1945 a Aba, [[Najeriya]], ga iyayen [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]]. Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya a Aba har zuwa mutuwarsa lokacin da Balogun ke da shekaru 12. Harshen farko da Balogun ya koya magana shi ne [[Harshen Ibo|Ibo]].<ref name="modernghana">{{Cite web |title=Ola Balogun |url=http://www.modernghana.com/moviethread2/1626/3/ |access-date=29 September 2009 |publisher=Modern Ghana}}</ref> Ya halarci Makarantar Kristi Sarki, Aba, daga 1951 zuwa 1957, sannan ya tafi [[King's College, Lagos|Kwalejin Sarki, Legas]]. Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Dakar daga 1962 zuwa 1963, a Jami'an Caen a [[Faransa]] (1963-66), kuma a Institut des hautes études cinématographiques (daga 1966 zuwa 1968), inda Christopher Miles ya kasance ɗan ɗalibi. == Farkon aiki == Balogun ya koma Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]] kuma a wani lokaci Najeriya ba ta da masana'antar fina-finai ta asali. A shekara ta 1969, ya kasance marubuci tare da sashin fim na Ma'aikatar Bayanai ta Tarayyar Najeriya kafin a tura shi zuwa [[Faris|Paris]] a matsayin mai ba da labarai na ofishin jakadancin Najeriya a can, kuma a Paris, ya buga wasan game da [[Shango]]. Ya koma Najeriya kuma yana da alaƙa da Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka a [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo|Jami'ar Ife]] . Shirin farko na Balogun shine One Nigeria (1969), wani shirin fim game da ra'ayinsa game da yakin basasar Najeriya . A tsakiyar yakin, Balogun ya bi ƙungiyar masu lura da Faransa zuwa fagen yaƙi, inda ya ga lalacewar da yaƙin ya haifar. Takardun shaida na One Nigeria da Eastern Nigeria Revisited sun rinjayi ra'ayinsa game da yakin. Wani majagaba na yin fim na Najeriya, Balogun ya samar da fina-finai na farko a farkon shekarun 1970. Fim dinsa na 1981 For Freedom! an shigar da shi cikin bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 12 na Moscow . <ref name="Moscow1981">{{Cite web |title=12th Moscow International Film Festival (1981) |url=http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421050907/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=MIFF}}</ref> A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa Gidauniyar Afrocult, kamfani mai zaman kansa. == Ayyukan fim == Bayan samar da shirye-shirye, Balogun ya samar da ''Alfa'', fim mai matsakaici game da wani ɗan gudun hijirar Afirka a Paris. Sakamakon sa shine Vivre, labarin da ba na almara ba ne game da abokinsa wanda ya zama nakasassu sakamakon hatsari. Bayan Vivre, gwamnati ta ba da izini ga Balogun don samar da ''Nigersteel'', fim game da matakin masana'antu na Najeriya. Ayyukan fim dinsa na gaba sun shafi batun rungumar da kuma watsi da al'adun Afirka da al'adarsu a cikin neman burin nan gaba. Wannan fim din, ''Amadi'', wanda aka fitar a shekara ta 1975, fim ne na harshen Igbo game da wani mutum da ke komawa ƙauyen bayan ya sami iyakantaccen nasara da ɗan gamsuwa a birnin Legas. A cikin ƙauyen, ya yi amfani da ilimin da ƙwarewar da aka koya don inganta amfani da fasahar noma ta zamani. Fim din ya bunƙasa sabon wuri a cikin fina-finai na Najeriya a matsayin fim na farko mai tsawo a cikin harshen Igbo.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim din ya sami nasara a [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya|Gabashin Najeriya]] amma ya iyakance nasara a wasu wurare. Ajani Ogun, fim na farko na yaren Yoruba na Balogun wani kiɗa ne da aka saki a cikin nau'in celluloid a 1975. Fim din yana da Ade Love a matsayin jagora, yayin da yawancin ma'aikatan suka fito ne daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Duro Ladipo. Balogun ya kai ga masu sauraro da yawa tare da ''Ajani Ogun'' kuma nasarar fim din ta haifar da karuwa a cikin karɓar wasan kwaikwayo na mataki da Yoruba ke yi a cikin fina-finai masu tsawo. Bayan nasarar ''Ajani Ogun'', aikinsa na gaba shine Musik Man, fim din da aka samar a cikin [[Pidgin na Najeriya|pidgin]] da Ingilishi don isa ga masu sauraro da yawa. Koyaya, fim ɗin bai sami nasarar kuɗi ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Balogun ya dawo tare da ''Ija Ominira'', wanda aka daidaita da littafin [[Adebayo Faleti]], ''Omo Olokun Esin'', wanda ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ke yi a kan mataki. An samar da fim din ne tare da hadin gwiwar Ade Love, babban dan wasan kwaikwayo a ''Ajani Ogun''; Ade Love shi ne kuma babban dan wasan a ''Ija Ominira'' . Akwai matsalolin yin fim tsakanin Balogun da Ade Love a kan saitin ''Ija Ominira'', maza biyu suna da ƙananan rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. Balogun ya bi Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra, wanda aka fi sani da ''[[Black Goddess]]'', wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni; aikin haɗin gwiwar Najeriya ne da Brazil wanda Embrafilm na Brazil ya rarraba. Wani furodusa na Brazil ya ga wasu ayyukan da Balogun ya yi a baya kuma ya nemi ya harbe sabon fim a Brazil. Duk da wasu tashin hankali da ƙalubalen kuɗi, ya kammala fim din a shekarar 1978. A cikin ''Aiye'' (1979), Balogun ya fadada wasan kwaikwayo na daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan [[Hubert Ogunde]] a cikin fim mai tsawo. Taken fim din labari ne na gargajiya game da gwagwarmaya tsakanin nagarta da mugunta. Mai kyau shine firist na gargajiya ko [[Babalawo]] kuma mugayen haruffa sune mayu a ƙauyen.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}''Aiye'', wanda ya dauki ma'aikatan wasan kwaikwayo na Yoruba da yawa da wasu ma'aikatan fasaha daga ''Black Goddess'', nasara ce ta kudi, kodayake kamar yadda yake tare da ''Ija Ominira'', Balogun da Hubert Ogunde, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma mai haɗin gwiwa, suna da wasu rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. A cikin 1980, Balogun ya samar da Cry Freedom (wanda ake kira ''Haraka'' a baya), tare da Prunella Gee da Albert Hall a cikin manyan matsayi. An harbe fim din a [[Ghana]], kuma Balogun ya yi amfani da wasu masu fasaha, kamar Jose Medeiros, wanda a baya ya yi aiki tare da shi a kan A Deusa Negra . Cry Freedom, wanda [[Meja Mwangi]]'s Carcase for Hounds ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi, game da tashin hankali ne wanda ya haifar da yakin basasa a wata ƙasa ta Afirka. Fim din ya sami magoya baya tsakanin masu ilimi na Najeriya, amma bai yi kira ga masu sauraro ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Haɗin gwiwar Balogun tare da Musa Olaiya, wanda aka fi sani da Baba Sala, babban kasafin kuɗi ne Orun Mooru (Heaven is Hot). Bayan haka, Balogun ya daina aiki tare da manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Yoruba. A shekara ta 1982, ya saki Money Power . == Rayuwar siyasa == Balogun ya kasance memba na Ofishin Siyasa na [[Ibrahim Babangida|Shugaba Babangida]] amma ya yi murabus saboda damuwa game da hanyar cimma burin ofishin. [Tushen da aka buga da kansa]  Balogun ya kasance mai halartar [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] akai-akai (Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Panafrican na Ouagadougou).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2021}} == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! style="width:33px;" |Year ! width="145" |Film ! width="65" |Director ! width="65" |Producer ! width="65" |Writer |- |1972 | style="text-align:left" |''Alpha'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Ajani Ogun'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Amadi'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1976 | style="text-align:left" |''Musik Man'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''Ija Ominira'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Black Goddess]]'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |- |1979 | style="text-align:left" |''Aiye'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1981 | style="text-align:left" |''Cry Freedom'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''Money Power'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Orun Mooru]]'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1988 | style="text-align:left" |''River Niger, Black Mother'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1993 | style="text-align:left" |''Magic of Nigeria'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1994 | style="text-align:left" |''Destination Barbados'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1998 | style="text-align:left" |''Gods of Africa in Brazil'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |} == Farkon rayuwa da karatu == {{Authority control}}'''Ola Balogun''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1945) ɗan fim ne kuma Marubucin rubutun Najeriya. Ya kuma shiga Masana'antar kiɗa ta Najeriya a shekara ta 2001. Balogun, wanda ke yin fina-finai sama da shekaru talatin, yana daga cikin ƙarni na farko na masu shirya fina-fukkuna na Najeriya. Balogun ta yi karatun fim a Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematography . Shekaru bayan kammala karatunsa, ya rubuta takardar digirin digirinsa a kan fina-finai.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar 1968, ya shiga ma'aikatan Sashin Fim na Najeriya, wanda ke karkashin gwamnatin [[Ma'aikatar Watsa Labarai ta Tarayya da Wayar da Kan Jama'a (Nijeriya)|Ma'aikatar Bayanai]], sannan daga baya ya yi aiki a Gidan Tarihi na Kasa da [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]]. Fim din farko na Balogun sun kasance gajerun takardun shaida: One Nigeria da aka fitar a 1969, Les Ponts de Paris (1971), Fire In the Afternoon (1971), ''Thundergod'' (1971), Nupe Masquerade (1972), In the Beginning (1972), da Owuama, A New Yam Festival (1973). {{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim dinsa na farko shi ne ''Alfa'', fim din da ba shi da kuɗi sosai wanda aka fitar a shekarar 1972 lokacin da yake a Ife.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa kamfaninsa na fim mai zaman kansa, Afrocult Foundation, wanda ya fitar da fina-finai na gaba. Wanda ya biyo baya ga ''Alfa'' shine Vivre, wanda aka saki a shekara ta 1974, sannan kuma ''Nigersteel'', aikin da gwamnati ke tallafawa. A shekara ta 1975, ya fitar da ''Amadi'', fim din [[Harshen Ibo|Harshen Igbo]].{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Ayyukansa na gaba shine jagorantar da samar da ''Ajani Ogun'', fim na yaren Yoruba tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Duro Ladipo kuma yana da Ade Love . Fim din ya kasance babban ofishin jakadancin kuma shahararren ''Ajani Ogun'' ya tada bayanan Balogun a cikin fim din fim da shugabanci a cikin kasar. Kodayake fim dinsa na gaba Musik Man bai sami karbuwa sosai daga masu sauraro ba, aikin da ya biyo baya, Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'', ya sami shahara.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Balogun ya bi ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra (1978), samar da Portuguese-Nijeriya, sannan ''Aiye'' (1980), tare da [[Hubert Ogunde]], da ''[[Orun Mooru]]'' (1982) tare da Moses Olaiya . == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Balogun a shekara ta 1945 a Aba, [[Najeriya]], ga iyayen [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]]. Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya a Aba har zuwa mutuwarsa lokacin da Balogun ke da shekaru 12. Harshen farko da Balogun ya koya magana shi ne [[Harshen Ibo|Ibo]].<ref name="modernghana">{{Cite web |title=Ola Balogun |url=http://www.modernghana.com/moviethread2/1626/3/ |access-date=29 September 2009 |publisher=Modern Ghana}}</ref> Ya halarci Makarantar Kristi Sarki, Aba, daga 1951 zuwa 1957, sannan ya tafi [[King's College, Lagos|Kwalejin Sarki, Legas]]. Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Dakar daga 1962 zuwa 1963, a Jami'an Caen a [[Faransa]] (1963-66), kuma a Institut des hautes études cinématographiques (daga 1966 zuwa 1968), inda Christopher Miles ya kasance ɗan ɗalibi. An yi amfani da fuskar Murray da jikinta a matsayin abin koyi ga halin Liara T'Soni a cikin ƙungiyar wasannin bidiyo ta Mass Effect . [1] Ta fito a shirin farko na farfaɗo da shirin gaskiya na 2011 mai suna Fear Factor == Farkon aiki == Balogun ya koma Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]] kuma a wani lokaci Najeriya ba ta da masana'antar fina-finai ta asali. A shekara ta 1969, ya kasance marubuci tare da sashin fim na Ma'aikatar Bayanai ta Tarayyar Najeriya kafin a tura shi zuwa [[Faris|Paris]] a matsayin mai ba da labarai na ofishin jakadancin Najeriya a can, kuma a Paris, ya buga wasan game da [[Shango]]. Ya koma Najeriya kuma yana da alaƙa da Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka a [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo|Jami'ar Ife]] . Shirin farko na Balogun shine One Nigeria (1969), wani shirin fim game da ra'ayinsa game da yakin basasar Najeriya . A tsakiyar yakin, Balogun ya bi ƙungiyar masu lura da Faransa zuwa fagen yaƙi, inda ya ga lalacewar da yaƙin ya haifar. Takardun shaida na One Nigeria da Eastern Nigeria Revisited sun rinjayi ra'ayinsa game da yakin. Wani majagaba na yin fim na Najeriya, Balogun ya samar da fina-finai na farko a farkon shekarun 1970. Fim dinsa na 1981 For Freedom! an shigar da shi cikin bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 12 na Moscow . <ref name="Moscow1981">{{Cite web |title=12th Moscow International Film Festival (1981) |url=http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421050907/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=MIFF}}</ref> A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa Gidauniyar Afrocult, kamfani mai zaman kansa. == Ayyukan fim == Bayan samar da shirye-shirye, Balogun ya samar da ''Alfa'', fim mai matsakaici game da wani ɗan gudun hijirar Afirka a Paris. Sakamakon sa shine Vivre, labarin da ba na almara ba ne game da abokinsa wanda ya zama nakasassu sakamakon hatsari. Bayan Vivre, gwamnati ta ba da izini ga Balogun don samar da ''Nigersteel'', fim game da matakin masana'antu na Najeriya. Ayyukan fim dinsa na gaba sun shafi batun rungumar da kuma watsi da al'adun Afirka da al'adarsu a cikin neman burin nan gaba. Wannan fim din, ''Amadi'', wanda aka fitar a shekara ta 1975, fim ne na harshen Igbo game da wani mutum da ke komawa ƙauyen bayan ya sami iyakantaccen nasara da ɗan gamsuwa a birnin Legas. A cikin ƙauyen, ya yi amfani da ilimin da ƙwarewar da aka koya don inganta amfani da fasahar noma ta zamani. Fim din ya bunƙasa sabon wuri a cikin fina-finai na Najeriya a matsayin fim na farko mai tsawo a cikin harshen Igbo.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim din ya sami nasara a [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya|Gabashin Najeriya]] amma ya iyakance nasara a wasu wurare. Ajani Ogun, fim na farko na yaren Yoruba na Balogun wani kiɗa ne da aka saki a cikin nau'in celluloid a 1975. Fim din yana da Ade Love a matsayin jagora, yayin da yawancin ma'aikatan suka fito ne daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Duro Ladipo. Balogun ya kai ga masu sauraro da yawa tare da ''Ajani Ogun'' kuma nasarar fim din ta haifar da karuwa a cikin karɓar wasan kwaikwayo na mataki da Yoruba ke yi a cikin fina-finai masu tsawo. Bayan nasarar ''Ajani Ogun'', aikinsa na gaba shine Musik Man, fim din da aka samar a cikin [[Pidgin na Najeriya|pidgin]] da Ingilishi don isa ga masu sauraro da yawa. Koyaya, fim ɗin bai sami nasarar kuɗi ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Balogun ya dawo tare da ''Ija Ominira'', wanda aka daidaita da littafin [[Adebayo Faleti]], ''Omo Olokun Esin'', wanda ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ke yi a kan mataki. An samar da fim din ne tare da hadin gwiwar Ade Love, babban dan wasan kwaikwayo a ''Ajani Ogun''; Ade Love shi ne kuma babban dan wasan a ''Ija Ominira'' . Akwai matsalolin yin fim tsakanin Balogun da Ade Love a kan saitin ''Ija Ominira'', maza biyu suna da ƙananan rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. Balogun ya bi Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra, wanda aka fi sani da ''[[Black Goddess]]'', wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni; aikin haɗin gwiwar Najeriya ne da Brazil wanda Embrafilm na Brazil ya rarraba. Wani furodusa na Brazil ya ga wasu ayyukan da Balogun ya yi a baya kuma ya nemi ya harbe sabon fim a Brazil. Duk da wasu tashin hankali da ƙalubalen kuɗi, ya kammala fim din a shekarar 1978. A cikin ''Aiye'' (1979), Balogun ya fadada wasan kwaikwayo na daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan [[Hubert Ogunde]] a cikin fim mai tsawo. Taken fim din labari ne na gargajiya game da gwagwarmaya tsakanin nagarta da mugunta. Mai kyau shine firist na gargajiya ko [[Babalawo]] kuma mugayen haruffa sune mayu a ƙauyen.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}''Aiye'', wanda ya dauki ma'aikatan wasan kwaikwayo na Yoruba da yawa da wasu ma'aikatan fasaha daga ''Black Goddess'', nasara ce ta kudi, kodayake kamar yadda yake tare da ''Ija Ominira'', Balogun da Hubert Ogunde, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma mai haɗin gwiwa, suna da wasu rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. A cikin 1980, Balogun ya samar da Cry Freedom (wanda ake kira ''Haraka'' a baya), tare da Prunella Gee da Albert Hall a cikin manyan matsayi. An harbe fim din a [[Ghana]], kuma Balogun ya yi amfani da wasu masu fasaha, kamar Jose Medeiros, wanda a baya ya yi aiki tare da shi a kan A Deusa Negra . Cry Freedom, wanda [[Meja Mwangi]]'s Carcase for Hounds ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi, game da tashin hankali ne wanda ya haifar da yakin basasa a wata ƙasa ta Afirka. Fim din ya sami magoya baya tsakanin masu ilimi na Najeriya, amma bai yi kira ga masu sauraro ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Haɗin gwiwar Balogun tare da Musa Olaiya, wanda aka fi sani da Baba Sala, babban kasafin kuɗi ne Orun Mooru (Heaven is Hot). Bayan haka, Balogun ya daina aiki tare da manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Yoruba. A shekara ta 1982, ya saki Money Power . == Rayuwar siyasa == Balogun ya kasance memba na Ofishin Siyasa na [[Ibrahim Babangida|Shugaba Babangida]] amma ya yi murabus saboda damuwa game da hanyar cimma burin ofishin. [Tushen da aka buga da kansa]  Balogun ya kasance mai halartar [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] akai-akai (Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Panafrican na Ouagadougou).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2021}} == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! style="width:33px;" |Year ! width="145" |Film ! width="65" |Director ! width="65" |Producer ! width="65" |Writer |- |1972 | style="text-align:left" |''Alpha'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Ajani Ogun'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Amadi'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1976 | style="text-align:left" |''Musik Man'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''Ija Ominira'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Black Goddess]]'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |- |1979 | style="text-align:left" |''Aiye'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1981 | style="text-align:left" |''Cry Freedom'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''Money Power'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Orun Mooru]]'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1988 | style="text-align:left" |''River Niger, Black Mother'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1993 | style="text-align:left" |''Magic of Nigeria'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1994 | style="text-align:left" |''Destination Barbados'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1998 | style="text-align:left" |''Gods of Africa in Brazil'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |} == Manazarta == *   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|0051059|Ola Balogun}} * [https://mubi.com/cast/ola-balogun Ola Balogun] at MUBI * [https://www.arsenal-berlin.de/en/arsenal-cinema/past-programs/single/article/6390/2804/archive/2017/january.html "Ola Balogun, pioneer of Nigerian cinema"], Arsenal Cinema, January 2017. == Manazarta == *   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|0051059|Ola Balogun}} * [https://mubi.com/cast/ola-balogun Ola Balogun] at MUBI * [https://www.arsenal-berlin.de/en/arsenal-cinema/past-programs/single/article/6390/2804/archive/2017/january.html "Ola Balogun, pioneer of Nigerian cinema"], Arsenal Cinema, January 2017. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ifl7mpo15psgxz9cv958tmjw43kwb5e 961714 961624 2026-10-02T06:17:57Z Baffa ali 47435 961714 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ola Balogun''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1945) ɗan fim ne kuma Marubucin rubutun Najeriya. Ya kuma shiga Masana'antar kiɗa ta Najeriya a shekara ta 2001. Balogun, wanda ke yin fina-finai sama da shekaru talatin, yana daga cikin ƙarni na farko na masu shirya fina-fukkuna na Najeriya. Balogun ta yi karatun fim a Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematography . Shekaru bayan kammala karatunsa, ya rubuta takardar digirin digirinsa a kan fina-finai.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar 1968, ya shiga ma'aikatan Sashin Fim na Najeriya, wanda ke karkashin gwamnatin [[Ma'aikatar Watsa Labarai ta Tarayya da Wayar da Kan Jama'a (Nijeriya)|Ma'aikatar Bayanai]], sannan daga baya ya yi aiki a Gidan Tarihi na Kasa da [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]]. Fim din farko na Balogun sun kasance gajerun takardun shaida: One Nigeria da aka fitar a shekarar 1969, Les Ponts de Paris (1971), Fire In the Afternoon (1971), ''Thundergod'' (1971), Nupe Masquerade (1972), In the Beginning (1972), da Owuama, A New Yam Festival (1973). {{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim dinsa na farko shi ne ''Alfa'', fim din da ba shi da kuɗi sosai wanda aka fitar a shekarar 1972 lokacin da yake a Ife.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa kamfaninsa na fim mai zaman kansa, Afrocult Foundation, wanda ya fitar da fina-finai na gaba. Wanda ya biyo baya ga ''Alfa'' shine Vivre, wanda aka saki a shekara ta 1974, sannan kuma ''Nigersteel'', aikin da gwamnati ke tallafawa. A shekara ta 1975, ya fitar da ''Amadi'', fim din [[Harshen Ibo|Harshen Igbo]].{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Ayyukansa na gaba shine jagorantar da samar da ''Ajani Ogun'', fim na yaren Yoruba tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Duro Ladipo kuma yana da Ade Love . Fim din ya kasance babban ofishin jakadancin kuma shahararren ''Ajani Ogun'' ya tada bayanan Balogun a cikin fim din fim da shugabanci a cikin kasar. Kodayake fim dinsa na gaba Musik Man bai sami karbuwa sosai daga masu sauraro ba, aikin da ya biyo baya, Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'', ya sami shahara.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Balogun ya bi ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra (1978), samar da Portuguese-Nijeriya, sannan ''Aiye'' (1980), tare da [[Hubert Ogunde]], da ''[[Orun Mooru]]'' (1982) tare da Moses Olaiya . == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Balogun a shekara ta 1945 a Aba, [[Najeriya]], ga iyayen [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]]. Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya a Aba har zuwa mutuwarsa lokacin da Balogun ke da shekaru 12. Harshen farko da Balogun ya koya magana shi ne [[Harshen Ibo|Ibo]].<ref name="modernghana">{{Cite web |title=Ola Balogun |url=http://www.modernghana.com/moviethread2/1626/3/ |access-date=29 September 2009 |publisher=Modern Ghana}}</ref> Ya halarci Makarantar Kristi Sarki, Aba, daga shekara ta 1951 zuwa shekara ta 1957, sannan ya tafi [[King's College, Lagos|Kwalejin Sarki, Legas]]. Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Dakar daga shekarar 1962 zuwa shekarar 1963, a Jami'an Caen a [[Faransa]] (1963-66), kuma a Institut des hautes études cinématographiques (daga 1966 zuwa 1968), inda Christopher Miles ya kasance ɗan ɗalibi. == Farkon aiki == Balogun ya koma Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]] kuma a wani lokaci Najeriya ba ta da masana'antar fina-finai ta asali. A shekara ta 1969, ya kasance marubuci tare da sashin fim na Ma'aikatar Bayanai ta Tarayyar Najeriya kafin a tura shi zuwa [[Faris|Paris]] a matsayin mai ba da labarai na ofishin jakadancin Najeriya a can, kuma a Paris, ya buga wasan game da [[Shango]]. Ya koma Najeriya kuma yana da alaƙa da Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka a [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo|Jami'ar Ife]] . Shirin farko na Balogun shine One Nigeria (1969), wani shirin fim game da ra'ayinsa game da yakin basasar Najeriya . A tsakiyar yakin, Balogun ya bi ƙungiyar masu lura da Faransa zuwa fagen yaƙi, inda ya ga lalacewar da yaƙin ya haifar. Takardun shaida na One Nigeria da Eastern Nigeria Revisited sun rinjayi ra'ayinsa game da yakin. Wani majagaba na yin fim na Najeriya, Balogun ya samar da fina-finai na farko a farkon shekarun 1970. Fim dinsa na shekarar1981 For Freedom! an shigar da shi cikin bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 12 na Moscow . <ref name="Moscow1981">{{Cite web |title=12th Moscow International Film Festival (1981) |url=http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421050907/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=MIFF}}</ref> A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa Gidauniyar Afrocult, kamfani mai zaman kansa. == Ayyukan fim == Bayan samar da shirye-shirye, Balogun ya samar da ''Alfa'', fim mai matsakaici game da wani ɗan gudun hijirar Afirka a Paris. Sakamakon sa shine Vivre, labarin da ba na almara ba ne game da abokinsa wanda ya zama nakasassu sakamakon hatsari. Bayan Vivre, gwamnati ta ba da izini ga Balogun don samar da ''Nigersteel'', fim game da matakin masana'antu na Najeriya. Ayyukan fim dinsa na gaba sun shafi batun rungumar da kuma watsi da al'adun Afirka da al'adarsu a cikin neman burin nan gaba. Wannan fim din, ''Amadi'', wanda aka fitar a shekara ta 1975, fim ne na harshen Igbo game da wani mutum da ke komawa ƙauyen bayan ya sami iyakantaccen nasara da ɗan gamsuwa a birnin Legas. A cikin ƙauyen, ya yi amfani da ilimin da ƙwarewar da aka koya don inganta amfani da fasahar noma ta zamani. Fim din ya bunƙasa sabon wuri a cikin fina-finai na Najeriya a matsayin fim na farko mai tsawo a cikin harshen Igbo.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim din ya sami nasara a [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya|Gabashin Najeriya]] amma ya iyakance nasara a wasu wurare. Ajani Ogun, fim na farko na yaren Yoruba na Balogun wani kiɗa ne da aka saki a cikin nau'in celluloid a 1975. Fim din yana da Ade Love a matsayin jagora, yayin da yawancin ma'aikatan suka fito ne daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Duro Ladipo. Balogun ya kai ga masu sauraro da yawa tare da ''Ajani Ogun'' kuma nasarar fim din ta haifar da karuwa a cikin karɓar wasan kwaikwayo na mataki da Yoruba ke yi a cikin fina-finai masu tsawo. Bayan nasarar ''Ajani Ogun'', aikinsa na gaba shine Musik Man, fim din da aka samar a cikin [[Pidgin na Najeriya|pidgin]] da Ingilishi don isa ga masu sauraro da yawa. Koyaya, fim ɗin bai sami nasarar kuɗi ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Balogun ya dawo tare da ''Ija Ominira'', wanda aka daidaita da littafin [[Adebayo Faleti]], ''Omo Olokun Esin'', wanda ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ke yi a kan mataki. An samar da fim din ne tare da hadin gwiwar Ade Love, babban dan wasan kwaikwayo a ''Ajani Ogun''; Ade Love shi ne kuma babban dan wasan a ''Ija Ominira'' . Akwai matsalolin yin fim tsakanin Balogun da Ade Love a kan saitin ''Ija Ominira'', maza biyu suna da ƙananan rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. Balogun ya bi Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra, wanda aka fi sani da ''[[Black Goddess]]'', wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni; aikin haɗin gwiwar Najeriya ne da Brazil wanda Embrafilm na Brazil ya rarraba. Wani furodusa na Brazil ya ga wasu ayyukan da Balogun ya yi a baya kuma ya nemi ya harbe sabon fim a Brazil. Duk da wasu tashin hankali da ƙalubalen kuɗi, ya kammala fim din a shekarar 1978. A cikin ''Aiye'' (1979), Balogun ya fadada wasan kwaikwayo na daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan [[Hubert Ogunde]] a cikin fim mai tsawo. Taken fim din labari ne na gargajiya game da gwagwarmaya tsakanin nagarta da mugunta. Mai kyau shine firist na gargajiya ko [[Babalawo]] kuma mugayen haruffa sune mayu a ƙauyen.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}''Aiye'', wanda ya dauki ma'aikatan wasan kwaikwayo na Yoruba da yawa da wasu ma'aikatan fasaha daga ''Black Goddess'', nasara ce ta kudi, kodayake kamar yadda yake tare da ''Ija Ominira'', Balogun da Hubert Ogunde, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma mai haɗin gwiwa, suna da wasu rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. A cikin 1980, Balogun ya samar da Cry Freedom (wanda ake kira ''Haraka'' a baya), tare da Prunella Gee da Albert Hall a cikin manyan matsayi. An harbe fim din a [[Ghana]], kuma Balogun ya yi amfani da wasu masu fasaha, kamar Jose Medeiros, wanda a baya ya yi aiki tare da shi a kan A Deusa Negra . Cry Freedom, wanda [[Meja Mwangi]]'s Carcase for Hounds ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi, game da tashin hankali ne wanda ya haifar da yakin basasa a wata ƙasa ta Afirka. Fim din ya sami magoya baya tsakanin masu ilimi na Najeriya, amma bai yi kira ga masu sauraro ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Haɗin gwiwar Balogun tare da Musa Olaiya, wanda aka fi sani da Baba Sala, babban kasafin kuɗi ne Orun Mooru (Heaven is Hot). Bayan haka, Balogun ya daina aiki tare da manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Yoruba. A shekara ta 1982, ya saki Money Power . == Rayuwar siyasa == Balogun ya kasance memba na Ofishin Siyasa na [[Ibrahim Babangida|Shugaba Babangida]] amma ya yi murabus saboda damuwa game da hanyar cimma burin ofishin. [Tushen da aka buga da kansa]  Balogun ya kasance mai halartar [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] akai-akai (Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Panafrican na Ouagadougou).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2021}} == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! style="width:33px;" |Year ! width="145" |Film ! width="65" |Director ! width="65" |Producer ! width="65" |Writer |- |1972 | style="text-align:left" |''Alpha'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Ajani Ogun'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Amadi'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1976 | style="text-align:left" |''Musik Man'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''Ija Ominira'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Black Goddess]]'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |- |1979 | style="text-align:left" |''Aiye'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1981 | style="text-align:left" |''Cry Freedom'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''Money Power'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Orun Mooru]]'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1988 | style="text-align:left" |''River Niger, Black Mother'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1993 | style="text-align:left" |''Magic of Nigeria'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1994 | style="text-align:left" |''Destination Barbados'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1998 | style="text-align:left" |''Gods of Africa in Brazil'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |} == Farkon rayuwa da karatu == {{Authority control}}'''Ola Balogun''' (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1945) ɗan fim ne kuma Marubucin rubutun Najeriya. Ya kuma shiga Masana'antar kiɗa ta Najeriya a shekara ta 2001. Balogun, wanda ke yin fina-finai sama da shekaru talatin, yana daga cikin ƙarni na farko na masu shirya fina-fukkuna na Najeriya. Balogun ta yi karatun fim a Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematography . Shekaru bayan kammala karatunsa, ya rubuta takardar digirin digirinsa a kan fina-finai.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar 1968, ya shiga ma'aikatan Sashin Fim na Najeriya, wanda ke karkashin gwamnatin [[Ma'aikatar Watsa Labarai ta Tarayya da Wayar da Kan Jama'a (Nijeriya)|Ma'aikatar Bayanai]], sannan daga baya ya yi aiki a Gidan Tarihi na Kasa da [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]]. Fim din farko na Balogun sun kasance gajerun takardun shaida: One Nigeria da aka fitar a 1969, Les Ponts de Paris (1971), Fire In the Afternoon (1971), ''Thundergod'' (1971), Nupe Masquerade (1972), In the Beginning (1972), da Owuama, A New Yam Festival (1973). {{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim dinsa na farko shi ne ''Alfa'', fim din da ba shi da kuɗi sosai wanda aka fitar a shekarar 1972 lokacin da yake a Ife.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa kamfaninsa na fim mai zaman kansa, Afrocult Foundation, wanda ya fitar da fina-finai na gaba. Wanda ya biyo baya ga ''Alfa'' shine Vivre, wanda aka saki a shekara ta 1974, sannan kuma ''Nigersteel'', aikin da gwamnati ke tallafawa. A shekara ta 1975, ya fitar da ''Amadi'', fim din [[Harshen Ibo|Harshen Igbo]].{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Ayyukansa na gaba shine jagorantar da samar da ''Ajani Ogun'', fim na yaren Yoruba tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Duro Ladipo kuma yana da Ade Love . Fim din ya kasance babban ofishin jakadancin kuma shahararren ''Ajani Ogun'' ya tada bayanan Balogun a cikin fim din fim da shugabanci a cikin kasar. Kodayake fim dinsa na gaba Musik Man bai sami karbuwa sosai daga masu sauraro ba, aikin da ya biyo baya, Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'', ya sami shahara.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Balogun ya bi ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra (1978), samar da Portuguese-Nijeriya, sannan ''Aiye'' (1980), tare da [[Hubert Ogunde]], da ''[[Orun Mooru]]'' (1982) tare da Moses Olaiya . == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Balogun a shekara ta 1945 a Aba, [[Najeriya]], ga iyayen [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]]. Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya a Aba har zuwa mutuwarsa lokacin da Balogun ke da shekaru 12. Harshen farko da Balogun ya koya magana shi ne [[Harshen Ibo|Ibo]].<ref name="modernghana">{{Cite web |title=Ola Balogun |url=http://www.modernghana.com/moviethread2/1626/3/ |access-date=29 September 2009 |publisher=Modern Ghana}}</ref> Ya halarci Makarantar Kristi Sarki, Aba, daga 1951 zuwa 1957, sannan ya tafi [[King's College, Lagos|Kwalejin Sarki, Legas]]. Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Dakar daga 1962 zuwa 1963, a Jami'an Caen a [[Faransa]] (1963-66), kuma a Institut des hautes études cinématographiques (daga 1966 zuwa 1968), inda Christopher Miles ya kasance ɗan ɗalibi. An yi amfani da fuskar Murray da jikinta a matsayin abin koyi ga halin Liara T'Soni a cikin ƙungiyar wasannin bidiyo ta Mass Effect . [1] Ta fito a shirin farko na farfaɗo da shirin gaskiya na 2011 mai suna Fear Factor == Farkon aiki == Balogun ya koma Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]] kuma a wani lokaci Najeriya ba ta da masana'antar fina-finai ta asali. A shekara ta 1969, ya kasance marubuci tare da sashin fim na Ma'aikatar Bayanai ta Tarayyar Najeriya kafin a tura shi zuwa [[Faris|Paris]] a matsayin mai ba da labarai na ofishin jakadancin Najeriya a can, kuma a Paris, ya buga wasan game da [[Shango]]. Ya koma Najeriya kuma yana da alaƙa da Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka a [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo|Jami'ar Ife]] . Shirin farko na Balogun shine One Nigeria (1969), wani shirin fim game da ra'ayinsa game da yakin basasar Najeriya . A tsakiyar yakin, Balogun ya bi ƙungiyar masu lura da Faransa zuwa fagen yaƙi, inda ya ga lalacewar da yaƙin ya haifar. Takardun shaida na One Nigeria da Eastern Nigeria Revisited sun rinjayi ra'ayinsa game da yakin. Wani majagaba na yin fim na Najeriya, Balogun ya samar da fina-finai na farko a farkon shekarun 1970. Fim dinsa na 1981 For Freedom! an shigar da shi cikin bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 12 na Moscow . <ref name="Moscow1981">{{Cite web |title=12th Moscow International Film Festival (1981) |url=http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421050907/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1981 |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=25 January 2013 |website=MIFF}}</ref> A shekara ta 1973, ya kafa Gidauniyar Afrocult, kamfani mai zaman kansa. == Ayyukan fim == Bayan samar da shirye-shirye, Balogun ya samar da ''Alfa'', fim mai matsakaici game da wani ɗan gudun hijirar Afirka a Paris. Sakamakon sa shine Vivre, labarin da ba na almara ba ne game da abokinsa wanda ya zama nakasassu sakamakon hatsari. Bayan Vivre, gwamnati ta ba da izini ga Balogun don samar da ''Nigersteel'', fim game da matakin masana'antu na Najeriya. Ayyukan fim dinsa na gaba sun shafi batun rungumar da kuma watsi da al'adun Afirka da al'adarsu a cikin neman burin nan gaba. Wannan fim din, ''Amadi'', wanda aka fitar a shekara ta 1975, fim ne na harshen Igbo game da wani mutum da ke komawa ƙauyen bayan ya sami iyakantaccen nasara da ɗan gamsuwa a birnin Legas. A cikin ƙauyen, ya yi amfani da ilimin da ƙwarewar da aka koya don inganta amfani da fasahar noma ta zamani. Fim din ya bunƙasa sabon wuri a cikin fina-finai na Najeriya a matsayin fim na farko mai tsawo a cikin harshen Igbo.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Fim din ya sami nasara a [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya|Gabashin Najeriya]] amma ya iyakance nasara a wasu wurare. Ajani Ogun, fim na farko na yaren Yoruba na Balogun wani kiɗa ne da aka saki a cikin nau'in celluloid a 1975. Fim din yana da Ade Love a matsayin jagora, yayin da yawancin ma'aikatan suka fito ne daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Duro Ladipo. Balogun ya kai ga masu sauraro da yawa tare da ''Ajani Ogun'' kuma nasarar fim din ta haifar da karuwa a cikin karɓar wasan kwaikwayo na mataki da Yoruba ke yi a cikin fina-finai masu tsawo. Bayan nasarar ''Ajani Ogun'', aikinsa na gaba shine Musik Man, fim din da aka samar a cikin [[Pidgin na Najeriya|pidgin]] da Ingilishi don isa ga masu sauraro da yawa. Koyaya, fim ɗin bai sami nasarar kuɗi ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}Balogun ya dawo tare da ''Ija Ominira'', wanda aka daidaita da littafin [[Adebayo Faleti]], ''Omo Olokun Esin'', wanda ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ke yi a kan mataki. An samar da fim din ne tare da hadin gwiwar Ade Love, babban dan wasan kwaikwayo a ''Ajani Ogun''; Ade Love shi ne kuma babban dan wasan a ''Ija Ominira'' . Akwai matsalolin yin fim tsakanin Balogun da Ade Love a kan saitin ''Ija Ominira'', maza biyu suna da ƙananan rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. Balogun ya bi Ade Love's ''Ija Ominira'' tare da A Deusa Negra, wanda aka fi sani da ''[[Black Goddess]]'', wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni; aikin haɗin gwiwar Najeriya ne da Brazil wanda Embrafilm na Brazil ya rarraba. Wani furodusa na Brazil ya ga wasu ayyukan da Balogun ya yi a baya kuma ya nemi ya harbe sabon fim a Brazil. Duk da wasu tashin hankali da ƙalubalen kuɗi, ya kammala fim din a shekarar 1978. A cikin ''Aiye'' (1979), Balogun ya fadada wasan kwaikwayo na daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan [[Hubert Ogunde]] a cikin fim mai tsawo. Taken fim din labari ne na gargajiya game da gwagwarmaya tsakanin nagarta da mugunta. Mai kyau shine firist na gargajiya ko [[Babalawo]] kuma mugayen haruffa sune mayu a ƙauyen.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}}''Aiye'', wanda ya dauki ma'aikatan wasan kwaikwayo na Yoruba da yawa da wasu ma'aikatan fasaha daga ''Black Goddess'', nasara ce ta kudi, kodayake kamar yadda yake tare da ''Ija Ominira'', Balogun da Hubert Ogunde, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma mai haɗin gwiwa, suna da wasu rashin jituwa game da jagorancin fim din. A cikin 1980, Balogun ya samar da Cry Freedom (wanda ake kira ''Haraka'' a baya), tare da Prunella Gee da Albert Hall a cikin manyan matsayi. An harbe fim din a [[Ghana]], kuma Balogun ya yi amfani da wasu masu fasaha, kamar Jose Medeiros, wanda a baya ya yi aiki tare da shi a kan A Deusa Negra . Cry Freedom, wanda [[Meja Mwangi]]'s Carcase for Hounds ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi, game da tashin hankali ne wanda ya haifar da yakin basasa a wata ƙasa ta Afirka. Fim din ya sami magoya baya tsakanin masu ilimi na Najeriya, amma bai yi kira ga masu sauraro ba.{{Sfn|Ukdike|1989}} Haɗin gwiwar Balogun tare da Musa Olaiya, wanda aka fi sani da Baba Sala, babban kasafin kuɗi ne Orun Mooru (Heaven is Hot). Bayan haka, Balogun ya daina aiki tare da manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Yoruba. A shekara ta 1982, ya saki Money Power . == Rayuwar siyasa == Balogun ya kasance memba na Ofishin Siyasa na [[Ibrahim Babangida|Shugaba Babangida]] amma ya yi murabus saboda damuwa game da hanyar cimma burin ofishin. [Tushen da aka buga da kansa]  Balogun ya kasance mai halartar [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] akai-akai (Bikin Fina-finai da Talabijin na Panafrican na Ouagadougou).{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2021}} == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! style="width:33px;" |Year ! width="145" |Film ! width="65" |Director ! width="65" |Producer ! width="65" |Writer |- |1972 | style="text-align:left" |''Alpha'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Ajani Ogun'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1975 | style="text-align:left" |''Amadi'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1976 | style="text-align:left" |''Musik Man'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''Ija Ominira'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1978 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Black Goddess]]'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |- |1979 | style="text-align:left" |''Aiye'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1981 | style="text-align:left" |''Cry Freedom'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''Money Power'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} |- |1982 | style="text-align:left" |''[[Orun Mooru]]'' | {{Yes}} | {{Yes}} | |- |1988 | style="text-align:left" |''River Niger, Black Mother'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1993 | style="text-align:left" |''Magic of Nigeria'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1994 | style="text-align:left" |''Destination Barbados'' | {{Yes}} | | |- |1998 | style="text-align:left" |''Gods of Africa in Brazil'' | {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} |} == Manazarta == *   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|0051059|Ola Balogun}} * [https://mubi.com/cast/ola-balogun Ola Balogun] at MUBI * [https://www.arsenal-berlin.de/en/arsenal-cinema/past-programs/single/article/6390/2804/archive/2017/january.html "Ola Balogun, pioneer of Nigerian cinema"], Arsenal Cinema, January 2017. == Manazarta == *   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|0051059|Ola Balogun}} * [https://mubi.com/cast/ola-balogun Ola Balogun] at MUBI * [https://www.arsenal-berlin.de/en/arsenal-cinema/past-programs/single/article/6390/2804/archive/2017/january.html "Ola Balogun, pioneer of Nigerian cinema"], Arsenal Cinema, January 2017. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 66fu2g6uw3kc7p5ma2oxr5vrddmk1mp 0 29264 961386 951596 2026-10-01T12:41:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An san kuma bayyanar da ionizing radiation don ƙara yawan ciwon daji na gaba, musamman cutar sankarar bargo . An fahimci tsarin da wannan ke faruwa da kyau, amma ƙididdiga masu ƙididdigewa suna tsinkayar matakin haɗari sun kasance masu jayayya. Mafi kyawun samfurin da aka yarda da shi ya nuna cewa abubuwan da suka faru na ciwon daji saboda ionizing radiation yana karuwa a layi tare da tasiri mai tasiri a cikin adadin 5.5% a kowace sivert ;<ref name="ICRP1032">{{cite journal|title=The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection|journal=Annals of the ICRP|year=2007|volume=37|series=ICRP publication 103|issue=2–4|url=http://www.icrp.org/publication.asp?id=ICRP%20Publication%20103|access-date=17 May 2012|isbn=978-0-7020-3048-2|author1=Icrp}}</ref> idan daidai ne, asalin yanayin radiation shine tushen mafi haɗari na radiation zuwa lafiyar jama'a, sannan kuma hoton likita a matsayin kusa da na biyu.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2020}}, yawancin cututtukan da ba su da haɗari ba su ne [[Ciwon daji na fata|cututtukan fata]] wadanda ba melanoma ba wanda ke haifar da radiation ultraviolet (wanda ke kan iyaka tsakanin ionizing da rashin ionizing radiation). Rashin ionizing mitar rediyo daga wayar hannu, watsa wutar lantarki, da sauran makamantansu an bayyana su a matsayin yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar sankara ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta WHO don Bincike kan Ciwon daji [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya|,]] amma haɗin gwiwar ya kasance ba a tabbatar da shi ba. <ref>{{cite web|title=IARC classifies radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans|url=http://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/pr/2011/pdfs/pr208_E.pdf|work=World Health Organization}}</ref> == Dalilai == Dangane da samfarin da ake yin amfani da shi, duk wani tasirin radiation zai iya ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji. Abubuwan da aka saba ba da gudummawa ga irin wannan haɗarin sun haɗa da hasken baya na asali, hanyoyin likita, fallasa sana'a, haɗarin nukiliya, da sauran su. An tattauna wasu manyan masu ba da gudummawa a ƙasa. === Radon === Radon ya kasan ce shi ne ke da alhakin mafi yawan ma'anar bayyanar jama'a ga radiation ionizing . Yawancin lokaci ita ce mafi girma guda ɗaya mafi girma don ba da gudummawa ga asalin asalin mutum, kuma shine mafi canzawa daga wuri zuwa wuri. Radon gas daga tushen halitta na iya taruwa a cikin gine-gine, musamman a wuraren da aka killace kamar su ɗaki, da ginshiƙai. Hakanan ana iya samun shi a wasu ruwan magudanan ruwa da maɓuɓɓugan zafi. <ref>{{cite web|title=Facts about Radon|publisher=Facts about|url=http://www.facts-about.org.uk/science-element-radon.htm|access-date=2008-09-07|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050222004131/http://www.facts-about.org.uk/science-element-radon.htm|archive-date=2005-02-22}}</ref> Shaidar cututtukan cututtuka na nuna alamar alaƙa tsakanin ciwon huhu na huhu da kuma yawan radon, tare da 21,000 radon da ke haifar da mutuwar ciwon daji na Amurka a kowace shekara &#x2014; na biyu kawai ga shan taba sigari &#x2014; a cewar Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka .<ref>{{cite web|title=A Citizen's Guide to Radon|publisher=U.S. Environmental Protection Agency|date=2007-11-26|url=http://www.epa.gov/radon/pubs/citguide.html|access-date=2008-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130628142646/http://www.epa.gov/radon/pubs/citguide.html|archive-date=2013-06-28|url-status=dead}}</ref> Don haka a cikin wuraren da radon ke kasancewa a cikin haɓakar haɓaka, ana ɗaukar radon a matsayin babban gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida . Bayyanar mazaunin ga radon gas yana da irin wannan haɗarin kansa kamar shan taba .<ref name="Little2"/> Radiation shine tushen ciwon daji mafi ƙarfi idan aka haɗa shi da sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar kansa, irin su radon gas ɗin da ke shan taba.<ref name="Little2" /> === Likita === A cikin ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu, Hoto na likita yana ba da gudummawar kusan adadin radiation ga jama'a kamar na baya-bayan nan. Kashi na tara ga jama'ar Amurka daga hoton likitanci ya karu da kashi shida daga shekarae 1990 zuwa shekarar 2006, galibi saboda yawan amfani da sikanin 3D wanda ke ba da ƙarin kashi a kowace hanya fiye da na gargajiya .<ref name="NCRP1602">{{cite book|title=Ionizing radiation exposure of the population of the United States : recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements.|year=2009|publisher=National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements|location=Bethesda, Md.|id=NCRP report 160|isbn=978-0-929600-98-7|url=http://www.ncrppublications.org/Reports/160|access-date=2022-02-11|archive-date=2014-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202092721/http://www.ncrppublications.org/Reports/160|url-status=dead}}</ref> CT scans kadai, wanda ke lissafin rabin kashi na hoto na likita ga jama'a, an kiyasta cewa yana da alhakin 0.4% na ciwon daji na yanzu a Amurka, kuma wannan na iya karuwa zuwa 1.5-2% tare da ƙimar 2007 na amfani da CT. ;<ref name="pmid180460312">{{cite journal|author=Brenner DJ, Hall EJ|title=Computed tomography--an increasing source of radiation exposure|journal=N. Engl. J. Med.|volume=357|issue=22|pages=2277–84|date=November 2007|pmid=18046031|doi=10.1056/NEJMra072149|last2=Hall|url=https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79492|access-date=2022-02-11|archive-date=2022-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319064738/https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/79492|url-status=dead}}</ref> duk da haka, ana jayayya da wannan kiyasin.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Tubiana M|title=Comment on Computed Tomography and Radiation Exposure|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2008-02-21_358_8/page/852|journal=N. Engl. J. Med.|volume=358|issue=8|pages=852–3|date=February 2008|pmid=18287609|doi=10.1056/NEJMc073513}}</ref> Sauran dabarun maganin nukiliya sun haɗa da allurar magungunan rediyo kai tsaye zuwa cikin jini, da kuma jiyya na rediyo da gangan isar da allurai masu mutuwa (a matakin salula) zuwa ciwace-ciwace da kyallen jikin da ke kewaye. An kiyasta cewa CT scan da aka yi a Amurka a cikin 2007 kadai zai haifar da sabbin cututtukan daji guda 29,000 a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.<ref name="pmid200086892">{{cite journal|author=Berrington de González A, Mahesh M, Kim KP, Bhargavan M, Lewis R, Mettler F, Land C|title=Projected cancer risks from computed tomographic scans performed in the United States in 2007|journal=Arch. Intern. Med.|volume=169|issue=22|pages=2071–7|date=December 2009|pmid=20008689|pmc=6276814|doi=10.1001/archinternmed.2009.440|last2=Mahesh|last3=Kim|last4=Bhargavan|last5=Lewis|last6=Mettler|last7=Land}}</ref><ref name="medscape2">{{cite web|url=http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/714025|title=Thousands of New Cancers Predicted Due to Increased Use of CT|author=Roxanne Nelson|website=[[Medscape]]|date=December 17, 2009|access-date=January 2, 2010}}</ref> An soki wannan ƙididdiga ta Cibiyar Nazarin Radiology ta Amurka (ACR), wacce ke kula da cewa tsawon rayuwar marasa lafiya na CT ba na yawan jama'a ba ne kuma cewa ƙirar ƙididdige cutar kansa ya dogara ne akan bayyanar hasken jiki gabaɗaya kuma don haka kuskure ne.<ref name="medscape2" /> === Na sana'a === Dangane da shawarwarin ICRP, yawancin masu mulki suna ba da izinin ma'aikatan makamashin nukiliya su sami ƙarin adadin radiation har sau 20 fiye da yadda aka ba wa jama'a izini.<ref name="ICRP1032"/> Yawancin allurai ana ba da izini yayin amsa gaggawa. Yawancin ma'aikata ana kiyaye su da kyau a cikin iyakoki na tsari, yayin da wasu ƴan ma'aikatan fasaha za su kusanci iyakar su kowace shekara. Hatsarin wuce gona da iri na hatsari fiye da iyakoki na faruwa a duniya sau da yawa a shekara.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Turai|first=István|author2=Veress, Katalin|title=Radiation Accidents: Occurrence, Types, Consequences, Medical Management, and the Lessons to be Learned|journal=Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine|year=2001|volume=7|issue=1|pages=3–14|url=http://www.omfi.hu/cejoem/Volume7/Vol7No1/CE01_1-01.html|access-date=1 June 2012}}</ref> 'Yan sama jannati a kan dogon ayyuka suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa, duba ciwon daji da jirgin sama. Wasu sana'o'in suna fuskantar radiation ba tare da an lasafta su a matsayin ma'aikatan makamashin nukiliya ba. Ma'aikatan jirgin sama suna samun fa'idodin sana'a daga hasken sararin samaniya saboda ragewar garkuwar yanayi a tsayi. Ma'aikatan [[hakar ma'adinai]] suna samun fallasa sana'a ga radon, musamman a ma'adinan uranium. Duk wanda ke aiki a cikin ginin granite, kamar US Capitol, yana yiwuwa ya sami kashi daga uranium na halitta a cikin granite.<ref name="FUSRAP2">{{cite web|last=Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program|title=Radiation in the Environment|url=http://www.lrb.usace.army.mil/fusrap/docs/fusrap-fs-radenvironment-2008-09.pdf|publisher=US Army Corps of Engineers|access-date=18 May 2012|archive-date=11 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211162419/http://www.lrb.usace.army.mil/fusrap/docs/fusrap-fs-radenvironment-2008-09.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Hatsari === [[File:Chernobyl_radiation_map_1996.svg|right|thumb| Chernobyl radiation taswirar daga 1996]] Hadarin nukiliya na iya haifar da sakamako mai ban mamaki ga kewayen su, amma tasirinsu a duniya kan cutar kansa bai kai na abubuwan da suka faru na halitta da na likitanci ba. Babban hatsarin nukiliyar mai yiwuwa shine bala'in Chernobyl . Baya ga mace-mace na al'ada da kuma mutuwar cututtukan cututtuka na radiation, yara tara sun mutu da ciwon daji na thyroid, kuma an kiyasta cewa za a iya samun mutuwar ciwon daji fiye da 4,000 a cikin kusan 600,000 mafi yawan fallasa mutane.<ref name="iaea2">{{cite web|title=IAEA Report|work=In Focus: Chernobyl|access-date=2008-05-31|url=http://www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/Focus/Chernobyl/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611102751/http://www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/Focus/Chernobyl/|archive-date=11 June 2008|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=WHO Expert Group|url=https://www.who.int/ionizing_radiation/chernobyl/WHO%20Report%20on%20Chernobyl%20Health%20Effects%20July%2006.pdf|title=Health Effects of the Chernobyl Accident and Special Health Care Programmes: Report of the UN Chernobyl Forum Health Expert Group|date=July 2006|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-92-4-159417-2|editor1=Bennett|editor-first=Burton|location=Geneva|page=106|quote=...This total, about 4000 deaths projected over the lifetimes of the some 600,000 persons most affected by the accident, is a small proportion of the total cancer deaths from all causes that can be expected to occur in this population. It must be stressed that this estimate is bounded by large uncertainties|editor2=Repacholi|editor-first2=Michael|editor-link2=Michael Repacholi|editor3=Carr|editor-first3=Zhanat}}</ref> Daga cikin miliyan 100 curies (4 exabecquerels ) na kayan aikin rediyo, gajeriyar isotopes na rediyoaktif kamar Chernobyl da aka saki sune farkon mafi haɗari.[[:en:Iodine-131|¹³¹I]] Saboda gajeriyar rabin rayuwar su na kwanaki 5 da 8 yanzu sun lalace, sun bar mafi tsawon rayuwa [[:en:Caesium-137|¹³⁷Cs]](tare da rabin rayuwar shekaru 30.07) da [[:en:Strontium-90|⁹⁰Sr]] (tare da rabin rayuwar shekaru 28.78) a matsayin babba. hatsarori. A cikin Maris 2011, girgizar kasa da tsunami sun haifar da lalacewa wanda ya haifar da fashe-fashe da narkewar wani bangare a tashar makamashin nukiliya ta Fukushima I a [[Japan]]. Muhimmiyar sakin kayan aikin rediyo ya faru ne biyo bayan fashewar hydrogen a wasu injina guda uku, yayin da masu fasaha suka yi kokarin yin turbaya a cikin ruwan teku domin sanyaya sandunan man Uranium, suka zubar da iskar gas na rediyoaktif daga na'urorin da za su ba da damar ruwan tekun.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/13/world/asia/13japan.html?_r=1|title=Japanese Officials on Defensive as Nuclear Alert Level Rises|author=Keith Bradsher|date=April 12, 2011|work=New York Times|display-authors=etal}}</ref> Damuwa game da babban sakin aikin rediyo ya haifar da 20&nbsp;An kafa yankin keɓe kilomita a kusa da tashar wutar lantarki da mutane a cikin 20-30&nbsp;km zone ana ba da shawarar zama a cikin gida. A ranar 24 ga Maris, 2011, jami'an Japan sun ba da sanarwar cewa "an gano radioactive iodine-131 wanda ya wuce iyakokin tsaro ga jarirai a masana'antar tsabtace ruwa 18 a [[Tokyo]] da wasu larduna biyar".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/ondeadline/post/2011/03/report-radioactive-emissions-from-japan-plant-approach-chernobyl-levels/1|title=Report: Emissions from Japan plant approach Chernobyl levels|author=Michael Winter|date=March 24, 2011|work=USA Today}}</ref> A shekara ta 2003, a cikin binciken gawarwakin da aka yi wa yara 6 da suka mutu a gurɓataccen yanki kusa da Chernobyl, inda kuma suka ba da rahoton bullar cutar ta pancreatic ciwace-ciwacen daji, Bandazhevsky ya sami yawan adadin 137-Cs na 40-45 fiye da na hanta, don haka ya nuna cewa pancreatic. Nama shine mai ƙarfi mai tara ceium na rediyoaktif.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bandazhevsky Y.I.|title=Chronic Cs-137 incorporation in children's organs.|journal=Swiss Med. Wkly.|year=2003|volume=133|issue=35–36|pages=488–90|pmid=14652805}}</ref> A cikin 2020, Zrielykh ya ba da rahoton bullar cutar kansar pancreatic mai girma a cikin Ukraine na tsawon shekara 10, akwai lokuta na rashin lafiya kuma a cikin yara a cikin 2013 idan aka kwatanta da 2003.<ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1200/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.e16721|title=Analysis of statistics of pancreatic cancer in Ukraine for a period of 10 years|year=2020|last1=Zrielykh|first1=Liliia|journal=Journal of Clinical Oncology|volume=38|issue=15_suppl|pages=e16721|s2cid=219776252}}</ref> Sauran munanan hadurran radiyo sun haɗa da bala'in Kyshtym (ƙimantawa 49 zuwa 55 mutuwar ciwon daji),<ref name="Standring2">{{cite journal|last=Standring|first=William J.F.|author2=Dowdall, Mark and Strand, Per|title=Overview of Dose Assessment Developments and the Health of Riverside Residents Close to the "Mayak" PA Facilities, Russia|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|year=2009|volume=6|issue=1|pages=174–199|doi=10.3390/ijerph6010174|issn=1660-4601|pmid=19440276|pmc=2672329|doi-access=free}}</ref> da wutar Windscale (kimanin mutuwar kansar 33). <ref name="ti">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080408133350/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,961337,00.html Perhaps the Worst, Not the First] ''TIME magazine'', May 12, 1986.</ref><ref name="wind2">{{cite journal|author=Sovacool Benjamin K|year=2010|title=A Critical Evaluation of Nuclear Power and Renewable Electricity in Asia|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-contemporary-asia_2010-08_40_3/page/393|journal=Journal of Contemporary Asia|volume=40|issue=3|page=393|doi=10.1080/00472331003798350|s2cid=154882872}}</ref> Hadarin Transit 5BN-3 SNAP 9A . A ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 1964, tauraron dan adam mai dauke da plutonium ya kone a sararin samaniya. Dokta John Gofman ya yi iƙirarin ƙara yawan cutar kansar huhu a duniya. Ya ce “Ko da yake ba zai yiwu a yi kiyasin ba  adadin cutar kansar huhu da hatsarin ya haifar, babu shakka cewa tarwatsawar Plutonium-238 da yawa zai ƙara yawan cutar kansar huhu da aka gano a cikin shekaru da yawa masu zuwa."<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Global Inventory and Distribution of Pu-238 from SNAP-9A|first1=E. P. Jr|last1=Hardy|first2=P. W.|last2=Krey|first3=H. L.|last3=Volchok|date=January 1, 1972|osti=4689831|doi=10.2172/4689831|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1035262/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FDabNTVF644C&pg=PT35|title=Weapons in Space|first=Karl|last=Grossman|date=January 4, 2011|publisher=Seven Stories Press|via=Google Books|isbn=9781609803209}}</ref> == Makanikai == Ciwon daji wani tasiri ne na stochastic na radiation, ma'ana lamari ne wanda ba a iya tsammani ba. Yiwuwar abin da ya faru yana ƙaruwa tare da tasiri mai tasiri na radiation, amma tsananin ciwon daji ya kasance mai zaman kanta daga kashi. Gudun da ciwon daji ke ci gaba, tsinkaye, matakin zafi, da kowane nau'i na cutar ba ayyuka ne na kashi na radiation wanda aka fallasa mutum ba. Wannan ya bambanta da ƙayyadaddun sakamako na ciwo mai tsanani na radiation wanda ke ƙaruwa da tsanani tare da kashi sama da kofa. Ciwon daji yana farawa da kwayar halitta guda daya wanda aikinsa ya lalace. Ayyukan tantanin halitta na yau da kullun ana sarrafa su ta tsarin sinadarai na kwayoyin DNA, wanda kuma ake kira chromosomes . Lokacin da radiation ya adana isasshen makamashi a cikin nama na kwayoyin halitta don haifar da ionization, wannan yana kula da karya ginshiƙan kwayoyin halitta, kuma don haka canza tsarin kwayoyin halitta na kwayoyin da ba su da iska. Ƙananan radiation mai ƙarfi, kamar hasken da ake iya gani, kawai yana haifar da tashin hankali, ba ionization ba, wanda yawanci ana watsawa azaman zafi tare da ƙananan lalacewar sinadarai. Hasken ultraviolet yawanci ana rarraba shi azaman rashin ionizing, amma a zahiri yana cikin kewayon matsakaici wanda ke haifar da ionization da lalata sinadarai. Don haka tsarin carcinogenic na ultraviolet radiation yayi kama da na ionizing radiation. Ba kamar abubuwan da ke haifar da sinadarai ko ta jiki don cutar kansa ba, raɗaɗin raɗaɗi yana shiga ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin sel ba da gangan ba. <ref group="note">In the case of [[internal contamination]] with [[Alpha emitter|alpha emitters]], the distribution may not be so random. [[Transuranic]] elements are believed to have a chemical affinity for DNA, and any radioactive element could be part of a chemical compound that targets certain molecules.</ref> Kwayoyin da suka karye ta hanyar radiation na iya zama radicals masu aiki sosai waɗanda ke haifar da ƙarin lalacewar sinadarai. Wasu daga cikin wannan lalacewar kai tsaye da kaikaice za su yi tasiri ga chromosomes da abubuwan epigenetic waɗanda ke sarrafa maganganun kwayoyin halitta. Hanyoyin salula za su gyara wasu daga cikin wannan lalacewa, amma wasu gyare-gyaren ba daidai ba ne kuma wasu rashin daidaituwa na chromosome za su zama wanda ba zai iya jurewa ba. DNA biyu-strand breaks (DSBs) gabaɗaya an yarda da su zama mafi mahimmancin rauni ta ilimin halitta wanda ionizing radiation ke haifar da ciwon daji.<ref name="Little2"/> Gwaje-gwajen in vitro sun nuna cewa ionizing radiation yana haifar da DSBs a cikin adadin 35 DSBs a kowace tantanin halitta kowace Gray,<ref name="5057.full2">{{cite journal|doi=10.1073/pnas.0830918100|volume=100|issue=9|title=Evidence for a lack of DNA double-strand break repair in human cells exposed to very low x-ray doses|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_proceedings-of-the-national-academy-of-sciences-usa_2003-04-29_100_9/page/5057|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|pages=5057–5062|pmid=12679524|pmc=154297|date=April 2003|vauthors=Rothkamm K, Löbrich M|bibcode=2003PNAS..100.5057R|doi-access=free}} "The line is a linear fit to the data points with a slope of 35 DSBs per cell per Gy." e.g. 35[DSB/Gy]*65[mGy]=2.27[DSB]</ref> kuma yana cire wani yanki na alamomin epigenetic na DNA, <ref>[http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/3/10/553.full Fractionated Low-Dose Radiation Exposure Leads to Accumulation of DNA Damage and Profound Alterations in DNA and Histone Methylation in the Murine Thymus] "fractionated low-dose radiation exposure resulted in even more substantial decrease in global DNA methylation than acute irradiation, causing 2.5- and 6.1-fold (P < 0.05) reduction in global DNA methylation</ref> wanda ke tsara yanayin magana. Yawancin DSBs da aka jawo an gyara su a cikin 24h bayan bayyanarwa, duk da haka, 25% na gyare-gyaren da aka gyara ba daidai ba ne kuma game da 20% na ƙwayoyin fibroblast da aka fallasa zuwa 200mGy sun mutu a cikin kwanaki 4 bayan bayyanarwa.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1073/pnas.0830918100|pmid=12679524|pmc=154297|volume=100|issue=9|title=Evidence for a lack of DNA double-strand break repair in human cells exposed to very low x-ray doses|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_proceedings-of-the-national-academy-of-sciences-usa_2003-04-29_100_9/page/5057|date=April 2003|vauthors=Rothkamm K, Löbrich M|journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.|pages=5057–62|bibcode=2003PNAS..100.5057R|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Repair of x-ray-induced DNA double-strand breaks in specific Not I restriction fragments in human fibroblasts: joining of correct and incorrect ends|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_proceedings-of-the-national-academy-of-sciences-usa_1995-12-19_92_26/page/12050|first1=M.|pmc=40294|bibcode=1995PNAS...9212050L|first3=P. K.|last3=Cooper|first2=B.|last2=Rydberg|last1=Lobrich|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|pmid=8618842|doi=10.1073/pnas.92.26.12050|date=1995-12-19|pages=12050–12054|issue=26|volume=92|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.neulet.2005.09.053|pmid=16226837|volume=393|title=DNA double strand break repair in brain: Reduced NHEJ activity in aging rat neurons|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neuroscience-letters_2006-01-23_393_1/page/n25|year=2006|journal=Neuroscience Letters|pages=18–22|author=Vyjayanti V.N., Subba Rao Kalluri|issue=1|s2cid=45487524}}</ref> Wani ɓangare na yawan jama'a yana da tsarin gyara DNA mara kyau, don haka suna fama da zagi mai girma saboda fallasa ga radiation.<ref name="5057.full2" /> Babban lalacewa yakan haifar da mutuwar tantanin halitta ko rashin iya haifuwa. Wannan tasirin yana da alhakin mummunan ciwo na radiation, amma waɗannan ƙwayoyin da suka lalace sosai ba za su iya zama masu ciwon daji ba. Lalacewa mai sauƙi na iya barin barga, wani ɓangaren tantanin halitta mai aiki wanda zai iya yaduwa kuma a ƙarshe ya haɓaka zuwa kansa, musamman idan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu hana ƙari sun lalace.<ref name="Little2">{{cite book|veditors=Kufe DW, Pollock RE, Weichselbaum RR, Bast RC, Gansler TS, Holland JF, Frei E|title=Cancer medicine|author=Little JB|chapter=Chapter 14: Ionizing Radiation|edition=6th|publisher=B.C. Decker|location=Hamilton, Ont|year=2000|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20793/}}</ref> <ref>Acharya, PVN; The Effect of Ionizing Radiation on the Formation of Age-Correlated Oligo Deoxyribo Nucleo Phospheryl Peptides in Mammalian Cells; 10th International Congress of Gerontology, Jerusalem. Abstract No. 1; January 1975. Work done while employed by Dept. of Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison.</ref> <ref>Acharya, PVN; Implications of The Action of Low Level Ionizing Radiation on the Inducement of Irreparable DNA Damage Leading to Mammalian Aging and Chemical Carcinogenesis.; 10th International Congress of Biochemistry, Hamburg, Germany. Abstract No. 01-1-079; July 1976. Work done while employed by Dept. of Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison.</ref> <ref>Acharya, PV Narasimh; Irreparable DNA-Damage by Industrial Pollutants in Pre-mature Aging, Chemical Carcinogenesis and Cardiac Hypertrophy: Experiments and Theory; 1st International Meeting of Heads of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratories, Jerusalem, Israel. April 1977. Work conducted at Industrial Safety Institute and Behavioral Cybernetics Laboratory, University of Wisconsin, Madison.</ref> Binciken na baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa al'amuran mutagenic ba sa faruwa nan da nan bayan haskakawa. Madadin haka, sel masu rai sun bayyana sun sami rashin zaman lafiya na kwayoyin halitta wanda ke haifar da karuwar adadin maye gurbi a cikin tsararraki masu zuwa. Tantanin halitta zai ci gaba ta matakai da yawa na canjin neoplastic wanda zai iya ƙarewa zuwa ƙari bayan shekaru da yawa. Ana iya raba canjin neoplastic zuwa manyan matakai masu zaman kansu guda uku: Canje-canjen Halittu zuwa tantanin halitta, samun rashin mutuwa ta salula (rasa al'ada, tsarin tafiyar da rayuwa mai iyaka), da daidaitawa waɗanda ke ba da izinin samuwar ƙwayar cuta.<ref name="Little2" /> A wasu lokuta, ƙaramin kashi na radiation yana rage tasirin sakamako na gaba, mafi girman adadin radiation. Wannan an kira shi 'amsa mai karɓuwa' kuma yana da alaƙa da tsarin hasashen da ake yi na hormesis .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.groenerekenkamer.com/grkfiles/images/parsons.pdf|title=Radiation Hormesis Challenging LNT Theory Via Ecologial and Evolutionary Considerations|work=Publication date 2002|publisher=Health Physics Society|access-date=2010-12-11|archive-date=2011-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110322091243/http://www.groenerekenkamer.com/grkfiles/images/parsons.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tsawon shekaru da yawa na ɓoye na iya wucewa tsakanin bayyanar radiation da gano ciwon daji. Waɗancan cututtukan daji waɗanda za su iya tasowa a sakamakon bayyanar radiation ba za a iya bambanta su da waɗanda ke faruwa ta zahiri ko kuma sakamakon kamuwa da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta na carcinogens . Bugu da ƙari, wallafe-wallafen Cibiyar Ciwon daji ta Ƙasa ya nuna cewa haɗarin sinadarai da na jiki da abubuwan rayuwa, kamar shan taba, shan barasa, da abinci, suna ba da gudummawa sosai ga yawancin waɗannan cututtuka. Shaidu daga masu hakar uranium sun nuna cewa shan taba yana iya samun mu'amala mai yawa, maimakon ƙari, tare da radiation.<ref name="Little2"/> Ana iya yin kimanta gudunmawar radiation ga cutar kansa ta hanyar manyan nazarin annoba tare da cikakkun bayanai game da duk wasu abubuwan haɗari masu rikitarwa. == Ciwon daji na fata == Tsawon tsawaitawa zuwa hasken ultraviolet daga [[rana]] zai iya haifar da melanoma da sauran cututtukan fata.<ref name="Cleaver2">{{cite book|vauthors=Cleaver JE, Mitchell DL|veditors=Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE, etal|title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine|edition=5th|publisher=B.C. Decker|location=Hamilton, Ontario|year=2000|chapter=15. Ultraviolet Radiation Carcinogenesis|isbn=978-1-55009-113-7|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20854/|access-date=2011-01-31}}</ref> Shaida bayyananniya ta kafa ultraviolet radiation, musamman maras ionizing matsakaici kalaman UVB, a matsayin dalilin mafi yawan wadanda ba melanoma [[Ciwon daji na fata|fata cancers]], waxanda suke da na kowa nau'i na ciwon daji a duniya.<ref name="Cleaver2" /> Ciwon daji na fata na iya faruwa bayan bayyanar ionizing radiation bayan wani lokaci mai ɓoye wanda ya kai shekaru 20 zuwa 40.<ref name="Andrews2">{{cite book|author1=James, William D.|author2=Berger, Timothy G.|title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology|url=https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseaseso0000jame_10ed|publisher=Saunders Elsevier|year=2006|isbn=978-0-7216-2921-6}}</ref><ref name="pmid154861772">{{cite journal|author=Gawkrodger DJ|title=Occupational skin cancers|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_occupational-medicine_2004-10_54_7/page/458|journal=Occup Med (Lond)|volume=54|issue=7|pages=458–63|date=October 2004|pmid=15486177|doi=10.1093/occmed/kqh098|doi-access=free}}</ref> Keratosis na yau da kullun na radiation wani rauni ne na fata na keratotic wanda zai iya tasowa akan fata shekaru da yawa bayan fallasa ga radiation ionizing. <ref name="Fitz22">Freedberg, et al. (2003). ''Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine''. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. {{ISBN|0-07-138076-0}}.</ref>{{rp|729}}Malignancies iri-iri na iya tasowa, yawancin ciwon daji na basal-cell wanda ke biye da kansar squamous-cell.<ref name="Andrews2" /> <ref name="pmid102014112">{{cite journal|author=Hurko O, Provost TT|title=Neurology and the skin|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neurology-neurosurgery-and-psychiatry_1999-04_66_4/page/417|journal=J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry|volume=66|issue=4|pages=417–30|date=April 1999|pmid=10201411|pmc=1736315|doi=10.1136/jnnp.66.4.417|last2=Provost}}</ref><ref name="pmid176557452">{{cite journal|last1=Suárez|pmid=17655745|last10=Wechsler|last9=Sancho-Garnier|last8=Gafà|last7=Schraub|last6=Rosso|last5=Tormo|last4=Navarro|doi=10.1186/1471-2458-7-180|pmc=1994683|year=2007|first1=B|pages=180|volume=7|journal=BMC Public Health|title=Occupation and skin cancer: the results of the HELIOS-I multicenter case-control study|display-authors=3|first3=C|last3=Martínez|first2=G|last2=López-Abente|last11=Zanetti}}</ref> Haɗarin haɓaka yana iyakance ga wurin da aka fallasa hasken. <ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lichter|display-authors=1|pmid=10926736|doi=10.1001/archderm.136.8.1007|pages=1007–11|issue=8|volume=136|journal=Arch Dermatol|title=Therapeutic ionizing radiation and the incidence of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The New Hampshire Skin Cancer Study Group|date=Aug 2000|first6=E. Robert|first1=Michael D.|last6=Greenberg|first5=Thérèse A.|last5=Stukel|first4=Steven K.|last4=Spencer|first3=Leila A.|last3=Mott|first2=Margaret R.|last2=Karagas|doi-access=free}}</ref> Yawancin karatu kuma sun ba da shawarar yuwuwar alaƙar alaƙa tsakanin melanoma da bayyanar ionizing radiation.<ref name="pmid162384502">{{cite journal|author=Fink CA, Bates MN|title=Melanoma and ionizing radiation: is there a causal relationship?|journal=Radiat. Res.|volume=164|issue=5|pages=701–10|date=November 2005|pmid=16238450|doi=10.1667/RR3447.1|url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/melanoma.html|last2=Bates|bibcode=2005RadR..164..701F|s2cid=23024610}}</ref> Matsakaicin haɗarin ciwon daji da ke tasowa daga ƙananan matakan fallasa ya fi rikice-rikice, amma shaidar da ake da ita tana nuna ƙarin haɗarin da ya yi daidai da adadin da aka karɓa. <ref name="pmid153225142">{{cite journal|author=Wakeford R|title=The cancer epidemiology of radiation|journal=Oncogene|volume=23|issue=38|pages=6404–28|date=August 2004|pmid=15322514|doi=10.1038/sj.onc.1207896|doi-access=free}}</ref> Masu aikin rediyo da masu daukar hoto suna daga cikin rukunin sana'o'in farko da aka fallasa ga radiation. Shi ne abin lura na farkon masu aikin rediyo wanda ya haifar da gane cutar kansar fata da ke haifar da radiation-canza ta farko mai alaƙa da radiation-a cikin 1902. Yayin da cutar kansar fata ta biyu zuwa radiation ionizing ta likita ta kasance mafi girma a baya, akwai kuma wasu shaidun da ke nuna cewa haɗarin wasu cututtuka, musamman ciwon daji na fata, na iya karuwa a tsakanin ma'aikatan radiation na likita na baya-bayan nan, kuma wannan na iya zama dangantaka da takamaiman ko canza ayyukan radiologic.<ref name="pmid153752272">{{cite journal|author=Yoshinaga S, Mabuchi K, Sigurdson AJ, Doody MM, Ron E|title=Cancer risks among radiologists and radiologic technologists: review of epidemiologic studies|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_radiology_2004-11_233_2/page/313|journal=Radiology|volume=233|issue=2|pages=313–21|date=November 2004|pmid=15375227|doi=10.1148/radiol.2332031119|last2=Mabuchi|last3=Sigurdson|last4=Doody|last5=Ron}}</ref> Shaidu da ake da su sun nuna cewa yawan haɗarin cutar kansar fata yana ɗaukar shekaru 45 ko fiye bayan haskakawa.<ref name="pmid153752272" /> == Epidemiology == Ciwon daji wani tasiri ne na stochastic na radiation, ma'ana cewa kawai yana da yuwuwar faruwa, sabanin tasirin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa waɗanda koyaushe ke faruwa akan takamaiman matakin kashi. Yarjejeniyar masana'antar nukiliya, masu kula da makamashin nukiliya, da gwamnatoci, shine cewa za'a iya ƙirƙira abubuwan da suka faru na cutar kansa ta hanyar ionizing radiation kamar yadda ake haɓaka daidai gwargwado tare da ingantacciyar ƙwayar radiation a cikin ƙimar 5.5% a kowane gefe .<ref name="ICRP1032"/> Nazari guda ɗaya, madadin samfura, da sigogin farko na yarjejeniya masana'antu sun samar da wasu ƙididdiga masu haɗari da suka warwatse a kusa da wannan ƙirar yarjejeniya. Akwai yarjejeniya gaba ɗaya cewa haɗarin ya fi girma ga jarirai da 'yan tayi fiye da manya, mafi girma ga masu matsakaicin shekaru fiye da tsofaffi, kuma mafi girma ga mata fiye da na maza, kodayake babu wata ƙima game da wannan.<ref name="peck2">{{cite web|last=Peck|first=Donald J.|title=How to Understand and Communicate Radiation Risk|url=http://www.imagewisely.org/Imaging-Professionals/Medical-Physicists/Articles/How-to-Understand-and-Communicate-Radiation-Risk.aspx|publisher=Image Wisely|access-date=18 May 2012|author2=Samei, Ehsan|archive-date=8 December 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208060102/http://www.imagewisely.org/Imaging-Professionals/Medical-Physicists/Articles/How-to-Understand-and-Communicate-Radiation-Risk.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="”UNSCEAR2">{{cite book|authors=United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation|title=Effects of ionizing radiation : UNSCEAR 2006 report to the General Assembly, with scientific annexes|year=2008|publisher=United Nations|location=New York|isbn=978-92-1-142263-4|url=http://www.unscear.org/unscear/en/publications.html|access-date=18 May 2012}}</ref> An yarda da wannan ƙirar don radiation na waje, amma ana jayayya game da aikace-aikacensa ga gurɓataccen ciki. Alal misali, samfurin ya kasa yin la'akari da ƙananan ciwon daji a cikin ma'aikata na farko a Los Alamos National Laboratory waɗanda aka fallasa su da ƙurar plutonium, da kuma yawan ciwon daji na thyroid a cikin yara bayan hadarin Chernobyl, dukansu biyu sun kasance abubuwan da suka faru na ciki. . Chris Busby na kansa mai suna "Kwamitin Turai kan Hatsarin Radiation", ya kira tsarin ICRP "mai rauni mai rauni" idan ya zo ga fallasa cikin gida.<ref name="ECRR20102">{{cite book|last=European Committee on Radiation Risk|title=2010 recommendations of the ECRR : the health effects of exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation|year=2010|publisher=Green Audit|location=Aberystwyth|isbn=978-1-897761-16-8|url=http://www.euradcom.org/2011/ecrr2010.pdf|edition=Regulators'|editor=Busby, Chris|access-date=18 May 2012|display-editors=etal|archive-date=21 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120721220541/http://www.euradcom.org/2011/ecrr2010.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Radiation na iya haifar da ciwon daji a mafi yawan sassan jiki, a cikin dukan dabbobi, da kuma kowane shekaru, duk da cewa radiation-induced tabarbarewar ciwace-ciwacen daji yakan dauki shekaru 10-15, kuma zai iya ɗaukar shekaru 40, ya bayyana a asibiti, kuma radiation-jawowa. cutar sankarar bargo yawanci yana buƙatar shekaru 2-9 don bayyana. <ref name="Little2"/> <ref name="Coggle & Lindop">Coggle, J.E., Lindop, Patricia J. "Medical Consequences of Radiation Following a Global Nuclear War." The Aftermath (1983): 60-71.</ref> Wasu mutane, irin su waɗanda ke da ciwon basal cell carcinoma ko retinoblastoma, sun fi sauƙi fiye da matsakaici don bunkasa ciwon daji daga bayyanar radiation. <ref name="Little2" /> Yara da matasa suna da yuwuwar haɓaka cutar sankarar bargo da ke haifar da radiation sau biyu kamar manya; Fitar da radiation kafin haihuwa yana da tasirin sau goma. <ref name="Little2" /> Fitar da hasken Radiation na iya haifar da ciwon daji a cikin kowane nau'in nama mai rai, amma babban kashi gaba ɗaya na bayyanar waje na waje yana da alaƙa da cutar sankarar bargo, <ref>"[https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-104/ A Nested Case-Control Study of Leukemia and Ionizing Radiation at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard]", NIOSH Publication No. 2005-104. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.</ref> yana nuna babban radiyo na bargo. Abubuwan da ke cikin ciki suna haifar da ciwon daji a cikin gabobin da ke tattare da kayan aikin rediyo, don haka radon ya fi haifar [[Ciwon huhun daji|da ciwon huhu]], i[[:en:Iodine-131|iodine-131]]<nowiki/>don ciwon daji na thyroid yana iya haifar da cutar sankarar bargo. === Bayanan bayanai === [[File:Increased_risk_with_dose.svg|right|thumb| Haɗarin Haɗarin Ciwon daji mai ƙarfi tare da Kashi don masu tsira daga fashewar atomic]] Ƙungiyoyin da ke tsakanin ionizing radiation fallasa da ci gaban [[Sankara|ciwon daji]] sun dogara ne da farko a kan "Ƙungiyar LSS " na mutanen da suka tsira daga bam na Japan, mafi yawan yawan mutane da aka taɓa fuskantar manyan matakan ionizing radiation. Sai dai kuma wannan rukunin ya fuskanci zafi mai zafi, duka daga farkon hasken nukiliya na ''hasken'' infrared da kuma biyo bayan fashewar wutar da suka yi da gobarar da ta taso a garuruwan biyu, don haka wadanda suka tsira sun kuma yi maganin Hyperthermia zuwa digiri daban-daban. Hyperthermia, ko bayyanar da zafi bayan haskakawa sananne ne a fagen jiyya na radiation don ƙara girman tsananin zagi ga sel bayan haskakawa. A halin yanzu duk da haka babu wani yunƙuri da aka yi don magance wannan lamari mai ruɗani, ba a haɗa shi ko gyara shi a cikin matakan amsa kashi na wannan rukunin. An tattara ƙarin bayanai daga waɗanda aka zaɓa na hanyoyin kiwon lafiya da bala'in Chernobyl na 1986. Akwai madaidaicin hanyar haɗi (duba [http://www.unscear.org/unscear/en/publications/2000_2.html Rahoton UNSCEAR 2000, Volume 2: Effects] ) tsakanin hatsarin Chernobyl da adadi mai yawa wanda ba a saba gani ba, kamar 1,800, na cututtukan daji na thyroid da aka ruwaito a cikin gurɓatattun wurare, galibi a cikin yara. Don ƙananan matakan radiation, illolin halittu suna da ƙanƙanta ba za a iya gano su ba a cikin nazarin annoba. Ko da yake radiation na iya haifar da ciwon daji a babban allurai da yawan adadin kuzari, bayanan lafiyar jama'a game da ƙananan matakan fallasa, ƙasa da kusan 10 mSv (1,000 mrem), sun fi wuya a fassara. Don tantance tasirin lafiyar ƙananan allurai na radiation, masu bincike sun dogara da tsarin tsarin da radiation ke haifar da ciwon daji; samfura da yawa waɗanda ke hasashen matakan haɗari daban-daban sun fito. Nazarin ma'aikatan sana'a da aka fallasa ga ƙananan matakan radiation na yau da kullum, sama da asali na al'ada, sun ba da shaida mai gauraya game da ciwon daji da kuma tasirin da ke faruwa. Sakamakon ciwon daji, ko da yake ba shi da tabbas, ya yi daidai da alkaluman hadarin da ya danganci wadanda suka tsira daga bam din atomic kuma suna ba da shawarar cewa waɗannan ma'aikata suna fuskantar ƙananan karuwa a yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar sankarar bargo da sauran cututtuka. Ɗaya daga cikin kwanan nan kuma mai zurfi na nazarin ma'aikata an buga ta Cardis, ''et al.'' a shekarar 2005.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Cardis|last20=Ahn|last12=Bermann|last13=Cowper|last14=Fix|last15=Hacker|last16=Heinmiller|last17=Marshall|last18=Thierry-Chef|last19=Utterback|last21=Amoros|last10=Schubauer-Berigan|last22=Ashmore|last23=Auvinen|last24=Bae|last25=Solano|last26=Biau|last27=Combalot|last28=Deboodt|last29=Diez Sacristan|last11=Yoshimura|last9=Muirhead|first1=E|issue=7508|last2=Vrijheid|first2=M|last3=Blettner|first3=M|display-authors=3|title=Risk of cancer after low doses of ionising radiation: retrospective cohort study in 15 countries|journal=BMJ|volume=331|page=77|last8=Kaldor|date=July 2005|pmid=15987704|pmc=558612|doi=10.1136/bmj.38499.599861.E0|last4=Gilbert|last5=Hakama|last6=Hill|last7=Howe|last30=Eklof}}</ref> Akwai shaida cewa ƙananan matakin, taƙaitaccen fallasa hasken wuta ba su da lahani. <ref name="Olipitz20122">{{cite journal|publisher=National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences|last5=McFaline|display-authors=etal|last13=Engelward|last12=Yanch|last11=Dedon|last10=Samson|last9=Greenberger|last8=Mutamba|last7=Thomas|last6=Lonkar|last4=Pang|journal=Environmental Health Perspectives|last3=Shuga|last2=Wiktor-Brown|date=April 2012|pmid=22538203|doi=10.1289/ehp.1104294|title=Integrated Molecular Analysis Indicates Undetectable DNA Damage in Mice after Continuous Irradiation at ~400-fold Natural Background Radiation|author=Werner Olipitz|pages=1130–6|issue=8|volume=120|pmc=3440074}}</ref> === Yin samfuri === [[File:Radiations_at_low_doses.gif|right|thumb|294x294px| Madadin zato don fitar da haɗarin ciwon daji vs. radiation kashi zuwa ƙananan matakan, da aka ba da sanannen haɗari a babban kashi: supra-linearity (A), linear (B), linear-quadratic (C) da hormesis (D). ).]] Samfurin amsawar kashi na layi yana nuna cewa duk wani karuwa a cikin kashi, komai kankantarsa, yana haifar da haɓakar haɓakar haɗari. Samfurin ba-kofi na layi (LNT) yana karɓar karɓa daga Hukumar Kula da Kariyar Radiyo ta Duniya (ICRP) da masu gudanarwa a duk duniya. <ref name="autogenerated1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20070703191939/http://www.nap.edu/execsumm_pdf/11340.pdf Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR VII – Phase 2]. Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation, National Research Council (2006) Free Executive Summary</ref> Bisa ga wannan samfurin, kimanin kashi 1% na al'ummar duniya suna fama da ciwon daji a sakamakon radiation na asali a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu. Don kwatanta, 13% na mace-mace a cikin 2008 ana danganta su da ciwon daji, don haka hasken baya zai iya zama ƙaramin mai ba da gudummawa.<ref name="WHO2">{{cite web|last=WHO|author-link=World Health Organization|title=Cancer|publisher=World Health Organization|date=Oct 2010|url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/|access-date=2011-01-05}}</ref> Jam'iyyu da dama sun soki amincewar ICRP na tsarin ba-kofa na layi don wuce gona da iri na ƙananan allurai na radiation. Mafi sau da yawa da aka ambata a madadin su ne samfurin "mai layi na quadratic" da kuma "hormesis" model. Ana kallon ƙirar madaidaicin madaidaiciya a cikin aikin rediyo azaman mafi kyawun ƙirar rayuwa ta salula, <ref>{{cite book|title=Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students|year=2005|publisher=International Atomic Energy Agency|location=Vienna|isbn=978-92-0-107304-4|url=http://www-pub.iaea.org/mtcd/publications/pdf/pub1196_web.pdf|editor=Podgorsak, E.B.|access-date=1 June 2012|page=493}}</ref> kuma shine mafi dacewa ga bayanan cutar sankarar bargo daga ƙungiyar LSS. <ref name="Little2"/> {| class="wikitable" |Litattafai babu kofa | F(D)=a⋅D |- | Madaidaicin madaidaici | F(D)=a⋅D+β⋅D ² |- | Hormesis | F(D)=a⋅[D-β] |} A cikin dukkan shari'o'i uku, dole ne a ƙayyade ƙimar alpha da beta ta hanyar koma baya daga bayanan fallasa ɗan adam. Gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje akan dabbobi da samfuran nama suna da iyakacin ƙima. Yawancin ingantattun bayanan ɗan adam da ake samu daga manyan mutane ne, sama da 0.1 Sv, don haka duk wani amfani da samfuran a ƙananan allurai ƙari ne wanda zai iya zama mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ko fiye da ra'ayin mazan jiya. Babu isassun bayanan ɗan adam da ke akwai don daidaita tsayuwar wanne daga cikin waɗannan ƙirar zai iya zama daidai a ƙananan allurai. Ijma'in ya kasance a ɗauka ba tare da kofa na layi ba saboda shine mafi sauƙi kuma mafi ra'ayin mazan jiya na ukun. Radiation hormesis shine hasashe cewa ƙaramin matakin ionizing radiation (watau, kusa da matakin radiation na yanayin yanayin duniya) yana taimakawa "alurar rigakafi" kwayoyin halitta daga lalacewar DNA daga wasu dalilai (kamar radicals kyauta ko manyan allurai na ionizing radiation), kuma yana raguwa. hadarin ciwon daji. Ka'idar ta ba da shawarar cewa irin waɗannan ƙananan matakan suna kunna hanyoyin gyaran DNA na jiki, yana haifar da matakan da suka fi girma na sunadaran gyaran gyare-gyare na DNA a cikin jiki, inganta ƙarfin jiki don gyara lalacewar DNA. Wannan ikirari yana da matukar wahala a iya tabbatarwa a cikin mutane (amfani, alal misali, nazarin ciwon daji na ƙididdiga) saboda tasirin ƙananan matakan ionizing radiation sun yi ƙanƙanta da za a iya ƙididdige su a cikin "hayan" na yawan ciwon daji na yau da kullum. Ra'ayin radiation hormesis ana ɗaukarsa wanda ba a tabbatar da shi ba ta hanyar hukumomin gudanarwa. Idan samfurin hormesis ya zama daidai, yana yiwuwa cewa ka'idoji na yau da kullum bisa tsarin LNT zasu hana ko iyakance tasirin maganin hormetic, don haka yana da mummunar tasiri ga lafiya.<ref>{{cite book|last=Sanders|first=Charles L.|title=Radiation Hormesis and the Linear-No-Threshold Assumption|url=https://archive.org/details/radiationhormesi00sand|url-access=limited|publisher=Springer|location=Heidelberg, Germany|year=2010|page=[https://archive.org/details/radiationhormesi00sand/page/n12 3]|chapter=The LNT assumption|isbn=978-3-642-03719-1|quote=...a large number of experimental and epidemiological studies challenge the validity of the LNT assumption, strongly suggesting the presence of a threshold and/or benefits from low doses of ionizing radiation|bibcode=2010rhln.book.....S}}</ref> An lura da wasu abubuwan da ba na layi ba, musamman ga allurai na ciki . Misali, aidin-131 sananne ne a cikin cewa yawancin allurai na isotope wasu lokuta ba su da haɗari fiye da ƙarancin allurai, tunda suna kashe ƙwayoyin thyroid waɗanda ba za su zama masu cutar kansa ba sakamakon radiation. Yawancin nazarin I-131 mai girma don maganin cutar Graves sun kasa samun karuwa a cikin ciwon daji na thyroid, ko da yake akwai karuwa a layi daya a cikin hadarin ciwon daji na thyroid tare da sha na I-131 a matsakaicin allurai.<ref name="Rivkees2">{{cite journal|doi=10.1210/jc.83.11.3767|title=The Management of Graves' Disease in Children, with Special Emphasis on Radioiodine Treatment|year=1998|last1=Rivkees|first1=Scott A.|first2=Charles|last2=Sklar|first3=Michael|last3=Freemark|journal=Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism|volume=83|issue=11|pmid=9814445|pages=3767–76}}</ref> == Amincin jama'a == Ƙananan bayyanar cututtuka, irin su rayuwa kusa da tashar makamashin nukiliya ko tashar wutar lantarki, wanda ke da hayaki mafi girma fiye da na nukiliya, yawanci an yi imanin cewa ba shi da wani tasiri ko kadan akan ci gaban ciwon daji, hana haɗari. <ref name="Little2" /> Abubuwan da suka fi damuwa sun haɗa da radon a cikin gine-gine da kuma yawan amfani da hoton likita. Hukumar Kula da Kariyar Radiyo ta Duniya (ICRP) ta ba da shawarar iyakance isar da iska na wucin gadi na jama'a zuwa matsakaicin 1 mSv (0.001 Sv) na ingantacciyar kashi a kowace shekara, ban da haɗaɗɗun bayanan likita da na sana'a.<ref name="ICRP1032" /> Don kwatantawa, matakan radiation a cikin ginin babban birnin Amurka sun kasance 0.85 mSv/yr, kusa da ƙayyadaddun tsari, saboda abun ciki na uranium na tsarin granite. <ref name="FUSRAP2" /> Bisa ga tsarin ICRP, wanda ya shafe shekaru 20 a cikin ginin babban birnin kasar zai sami karin daya a cikin dubun damar kamuwa da cutar kansa, fiye da duk wani hadarin da ke akwai. (20 yr X 0.85 mSv/yr X 0.001 Sv/mSv X 5.5%/Sv = ~0.1%) Wannan "hadarin da ke wanzu" ya fi girma; Matsakaicin Ba'amurke zai sami kashi ɗaya cikin goma na damar kamuwa da cutar kansa a cikin wannan lokacin na shekaru 20, ko da ba tare da fallasa ga radiation ta wucin gadi ba. Lalacewar ciki saboda sha, shaka, allura, ko sha yana da damuwa ta musamman saboda kayan aikin rediyo na iya zama a cikin jiki na tsawon lokaci, "aikawa" batun tattara kashi na tsawon lokaci bayan bayyanar farko ta ƙare, duk da haka a. low kashi rates. Fiye da mutane ɗari, ciki har da Eben Byers da 'yan mata na radium, sun karɓi allurai fiye da 10 Gy kuma sun ci gaba da mutuwa daga ciwon daji ko kuma abubuwan halitta, yayin da adadin adadin ƙwayar waje zai iya haifar da mutuwar farko ta hanyar radiation mai tsanani. ciwo .<ref>{{cite book|last=Rowland|first=R.E.|title=Radium in Humans: A Review of U.S. Studies|year=1994|publisher=Argonne National Laboratory|url=http://www.osti.gov/accomplishments/documents/fullText/ACC0029.pdf|access-date=24 May 2012}}</ref> Ana sarrafa fallasa cikin jama'a ta hanyar ƙayyadaddun tsari akan abun cikin rediyoaktif na abinci da ruwa. Waɗannan iyakoki galibi ana bayyana su a cikin becquerel /kilogram, tare da iyakoki daban-daban da aka saita don kowane gurɓataccen abu. == Tarihi == Ko da yake an gano radiation a ƙarshen karni na 19, ba a gane haɗarin aikin rediyo da radiation nan da nan ba. An fara ganin mummunan tasirin radiation a cikin amfani da hasken X-ray lokacin da Wilhelm Röntgen da gangan ya sanya yatsunsa zuwa hasken X-ray a 1895. Ya buga abubuwan da ya lura da shi game da konewar da ke tasowa, kodayake ya danganta su ga ozone maimakon X-ray. Rauninsa ya warke daga baya. An gane tasirin kwayoyin halitta na radiation, gami da tasirin haɗarin kansa, da yawa daga baya. A cikin 1927 Hermann Joseph Muller ya buga bincike yana nuna tasirin kwayoyin halitta, kuma a cikin 1946 an ba shi kyautar [[Kyautar Nobel|Nobel]] don bincikensa. Ba da daɗewa ba an danganta radiation zuwa kansar kashi a cikin masu zanen radium dial, amma ba a tabbatar da hakan ba har sai an gudanar da nazarin dabbobi masu yawa bayan yakin duniya na biyu. An ƙididdige haɗarin ta hanyar nazarin dogon lokaci na waɗanda suka tsira daga bam ɗin atomic . Kafin a san illolin halittu na radiation, likitoci da kamfanoni da yawa sun fara tallata sinadarai na rediyoaktif a matsayin likitan haƙƙin mallaka da kuma quackery na rediyoaktif . Misalai sune jiyya na radium enema, da ruwa mai ɗauke da radium da za a sha azaman tonics. Marie Curie ta yi magana game da irin wannan nau'in magani, tana mai gargadin cewa ba a fahimci tasirin radiation a jikin ɗan adam ba. Curie daga baya ya mutu da aplastic anemia, ba ciwon daji ba. Eben Byers, sanannen zamantakewa na Amurka, ya mutu daga cututtuka masu yawa a cikin 1932 bayan ya cinye radium mai yawa a cikin shekaru da yawa; Mutuwar tasa ta ja hankalin jama'a game da illolin radiation. A cikin 1930s, bayan adadin necrosis na kashi da kuma mutuwa a cikin masu sha'awar, samfuran likitancin da ke ɗauke da radium sun kusan ɓacewa daga kasuwa. A cikin Amurka, kwarewar abin da ake kira Radium Girls, inda dubban masu zane-zane na radium-dial suka kamu da ciwon daji na baka, sun yada gargadin lafiyar sana'a da ke hade da hadarin radiation. Robley D. Evans, a MIT, ya samar da ma'auni na farko don halatta nauyin jikin radium, wani muhimmin mataki na kafa magungunan nukiliya a matsayin filin nazari. Tare da haɓaka injinan nukiliya da [[makaman nukiliya]] a cikin 1940s, an ba da ƙarin kulawar kimiyya don nazarin kowane nau'in tasirin radiation. == Bayanan kula ==  {{Reflist|group=note}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Cutar daji]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lfz7jtipylc15ukn1xnjr2evw1pp5rl 0 29269 961385 953746 2026-10-01T12:39:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Polyposis.jpg|thumb|330x330px| Iyali adenomatous polyposis ciwo ne na kansa wanda a cikinsa akwai ɗaruruwa zuwa dubbai na adenoma mara kyau a cikin hanji .]] '''Ciwon daji''', ko '''ciwon daji na iyali''', cuta ce ta kwayoyin halitta wanda yake gadaje maye gurbi a cikin daya ko fiye da kwayoyin halitta, ya sa wadanda abin ya shafa ga ci gaban ciwon daji kuma yana iya haifar da farkon farkon wadannan ciwon daji. Ciwon daji sau da yawa yana nuna ba kawai babban haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa ba, har ma da haɓakar ciwace-ciwacen farko masu zaman kansu.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Allgayer|first1=Heike|last2=Redher|first2=Helga|last3=Fulda|first3=Simone|title=Hereditary Tumors: From Genes to Clinical Consequences|url=https://archive.org/details/hereditarytumors0000unse|location=Weinheim|date=2009|publisher=Wiley-VCH|isbn=9783527320288}}</ref> Yawancin waɗannan cututtukan suna haifar da maye gurbi a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta masu hana ƙari, kwayoyin halittar da ke da hannu wajen kare tantanin halitta daga juyewar kansa. Sauran kwayoyin halittar da za a iya shafa su ne kwayoyin gyaran DNA, oncogenes da kwayoyin da ke cikin samar da jini ( angiogenesis ). <ref name="pmid181966052">{{cite journal|author=Hodgson S|title=Mechanisms of inherited cancer susceptibility|journal=J Zhejiang Univ Sci B|volume=9|issue=1|pages=1–4|date=January 2008|pmid=18196605|pmc=2170461|doi=10.1631/jzus.B073001}}</ref> Misalai na gama-gari na ciwon daji da aka gada sune ciwon daji na nono-ovarian na gado da ciwon daji marasa polyposis colon cancer (Lynch syndrome).<ref name="pmid213600022">{{cite journal|vauthors=Clark AS, [[Susan Domchek|Domchek SM]]|title=Clinical management of hereditary breast cancer syndromes|journal=J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia|volume=16|issue=1|pages=17–25|date=April 2011|pmid=21360002|doi=10.1007/s10911-011-9200-x|s2cid=21417924}}</ref><ref name="pmid196597562">{{cite journal|vauthors=Lynch HT, Lynch PM, Lanspa SJ, Snyder CL, Lynch JF, Boland CR|title=Review of the Lynch syndrome: history, molecular genetics, screening, differential diagnosis, and medicolegal ramifications|journal=Clin. Genet.|volume=76|issue=1|pages=1–18|date=July 2009|pmid=19659756|pmc=2846640|doi=10.1111/j.1399-0004.2009.01230.x}}</ref> == Fage == Ciwon daji na gado yana ƙarƙashin kashi 5 zuwa 10 cikin ɗari na duk cututtukan daji kuma akwai nau'ikan ciwon daji sama da 50 waɗanda za a iya gane su.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics|title=Genetics|website=National Cancer Institute|language=en|access-date=2018-02-20|date=2015-04-22}}</ref> Fahimtar ilimin kimiyya game da cututtukan ciwon daji na haɓakawa sosai: ana samun ƙarin cututtukan cututtuka,<ref name="Banks20132">{{cite journal|last1=Banks|date=March 2013|pmid=23377869|doi=10.1007/s10689-012-9584-9|pages=1–18|issue=1|volume=12|journal=Familial Cancer|title=10 rare tumors that warrant a genetics referral.|first5=KJ|first1=KC|last5=Vogel|first4=AC|last4=Newlin|first3=ML|last3=Marvin|first2=JJ|last2=Moline|s2cid=14426194}}</ref> ilimin halitta yana ƙara bayyana, kuma gwajin ƙwayoyin cuta yana inganta ganowa, jiyya, da rigakafin cututtukan daji.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/genetic-testing-fact-sheet|title=Genetic Testing for Hereditary Cancer Syndromes|website=National Cancer Institute|language=en|access-date=2018-02-19|date=2013-04-22}}</ref> Idan aka yi la’akari da yawaitar ciwon nono da ciwon hanji, cututtukan da aka fi sani da su sun haɗa da ciwon daji na nono-ovarian na gado da kuma ciwon daji marasa polyposis colon cancer (Lynch syndrome).<ref name="Banks20132" /> Wasu cututtukan da ba a saba gani ba suna da alaƙa mai ƙarfi tare da cututtukan cututtukan daji na gado. Ya kamata a yi la'akari da gwajin kwayoyin halitta tare da adrenocortical carcinoma ; ciwon daji na carcinoid ; yaduwa ciwon daji ; tube fallopian / ciwon daji na peritoneal na farko; leiomyosarcoma ; medullary thyroid ciwon daji ; paraganglioma / pheochromocytoma; ciwon daji na koda na chromophobe, hybrid oncocytic, ko oncocytoma histology; ciwon daji na sebaceous ; da ciwace-ciwacen jima'i tare da tubules na annular.<ref name="Banks20132" /> Likitocin kulawa na farko na iya gano mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon daji na gado.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Korde|first1=Larissa A.|last2=Gadalla|first2=Shahinaz M.|date=2017-05-02|title=Cancer Risk Assessment for the Primary Care Physician|journal=Primary Care|volume=36|issue=3|pages=471–488|doi=10.1016/j.pop.2009.04.006|pmc=2713871|pmid=19616151}}</ref> == Genetics na ciwon daji == [[File:Autosomal_dominant.png|thumb| Misalin ginshiƙi na gadon gado na autosomal. Yawancin ciwon daji ana gadonsu ta wannan hanyar.]] [[File:Autosomal_recessive.png|thumb| Mafi qarancin, ciwon daji ana gadon su ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba. A cikin wannan misalan ginshiƙi na ƙabilar mutum ɗaya tilo da zai sami ƙarin haɗarin cutar kansa shine namijin ɗan luwadi a cikin ƙarni na biyu; duk da cewa akwai masu dauke da kwayoyin halitta da yawa.]] Kwafi biyu na kowane kwayar halitta suna nan a cikin dukkan sel na jiki kuma kowannensu ana kiransa allele . Yawancin ciwon daji na ciwon daji ana yaɗa su ta hanyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta . A cikin waɗannan lokuta, allele guda ɗaya kawai dole ne ya kasance a wurin don mutum ya sami yanayin cutar kansa. Mutanen da ke da allele guda ɗaya na al'ada da kuma allele ɗaya mara kyau ana kiran su heterozygous . Mutum mai heterozygous da mutumin da ke da [[allura]] biyu na al'ada ( homozygous ) za su sami damar 50% na haifar da yaron da abin ya shafa.<ref name="isbn0-7817-6250-22">{{cite book|author1=Anderson, Cindy Lou|author2=Carie A Braun|title=Pathophysiology: functional alterations in human health|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Hagerstwon, MD|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7817-6250-2|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/pathophysiologyf0000brau}}</ref> An san maye gurbin da ke cikin kwayoyin halittar da aka gada a matsayin maye gurbi na germline da kuma ƙarin maye gurbi a cikin al'ada na al'ada yana haifar da ci gaban ciwon daji. Wannan shi ake kira da Knudson ta biyu-hit hasashe, inda farkon bugu na kwayar halitta shine maye gurbi kuma bugun na biyu yana faruwa daga baya a rayuwa.<ref name="pmid181966052" /> Kamar yadda kawai allele ɗaya ke buƙatar canzawa (kamar idan aka kwatanta da duka a cikin abin da ake kira "ciwon daji na lokaci-lokaci"), mutum yana da babbar dama ta bunkasa ciwon daji fiye da yawan jama'a.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2013}} Kadan sau da yawa, ana iya yaɗuwar ciwon siga a matsayin halin koma baya na autosomal . Dole ne a canza nau'ikan cututtukan da kuma da cutar kansa. Mutumin da ke da allale guda biyu ana kiransa da homozygous recessive . Duk iyaye biyu dole ne su sami aƙalla kuskure guda ɗaya don yaro ya zama mai ɗaukar homozygous. Idan iyaye biyu suna da allele guda ɗaya da allele guda ɗaya ( heterozygous ) to suna da damar 25% na samar da ɗan luwaɗi na homozygous (yana da tsinkaya), 50% damar samar da ɗan heterozygous (mai ɗaukar kwayar cutar) da 25% damar haifar da yaro tare da alleles guda biyu na al'ada.<ref name="isbn0-7817-6250-22" /> Misalan cututtukan ciwon daji na autosomal sune autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (Canale-Smith Syndrome), ciwon Beckwith-Wiedemann (ko da yake kashi 85 cikin 100 na lokuta na ɗan lokaci ne),{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2013}} -Dubé ciwo, Carney ciwo, familial chordoma, Cowden ciwo, dysplastic nevus ciwo tare da familial melanoma, iyali adenomatous polyposis, gadon nono-ovarian ciwon daji, gadon yaduwa na ciki ciwon daji (HDGC), Gada nonpolyectal cancer color . (Lynch ciwo), Howel-Evans ciwo na esophageal ciwon daji tare da tylosis, yara polyposis ciwo, Li-Fraumeni ciwo, mahara endocrine neoplasia type 1/2, mahara osteochondromatosis, neurofibromatosis type 1/2, babu basal-cell carcinoma ciwo (Gorlin ciwo). ), Peutz–Jeghers ciwo, Familial [[Ciwon daji na prostate|prostate ciwon daji]], hereditary leiomyomatosis renal cell ciwon daji (LRCC), hereditary papillary renal ciwon daji, hereditary paraganglioma -pheochromocytoma ciwo, retinoblastoma, tuberous sclerosis, von Hippel-Lindau cuta da kuma Wilm's tumor cuta .<ref name="pmid96722542">{{cite journal|vauthors=Lindor NM, Greene MH|title=The concise handbook of family cancer syndromes. Mayo Familial Cancer Program|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-national-cancer-institute_1998-07-15_90_14/page/1039|journal=Journal of the National Cancer Institute|volume=90|issue=14|pages=1039–71|date=July 1998|pmid=9672254|doi=10.1093/jnci/90.14.1039|doi-access=free}}</ref> Misalan cututtuka na ciwon daji na autosomal sune ataxia-telangiectasia, Bloom syndrome, Fanconi [[Rashin jini|anemia]], MUTYH polyposis, Rothmund-Thomson ciwo, Werner ciwo da Xeroderma pigmentosum .<ref name="pmid96722542" /> == Misalai == Ko da yake ciwon daji yana nuna haɗarin ciwon daji, haɗarin ya bambanta. Ga wasu daga cikin waɗannan cututtuka, ciwon daji ba shine farkon fasalinsu ba.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2021}} === Fanconi anemia === Fanconi anemia cuta ce da ke da fa'idar bakan asibiti, gami da: farkon farawa da haɗarin ciwon daji; gazawar kasusuwa ; da rashin haihuwa . Babban bayyanar cututtuka na wannan cuta shine wadanda ke da alaka da hematopoeisis (samar da jini ta hanyar kasusuwa ); waɗannan sun haɗa da anemia aplastic, myelodysplastic syndrome da kuma m myeloid cutar sankarar bargo . Ciwace-ciwacen hanta da squamous cell carcinomas na esophagus, oropharynx da uvula sune ciwace-ciwacen ciwace-ciwacen da aka danganta da FA. Abubuwan da aka haifa sun haɗa da: skeletal anomalies (musamman wadanda ke shafar hannu), cafe au lait spots da hypopigmentation . Har zuwa yau, kwayoyin halittar da aka sani suna haifar da FA sune: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, FANCI, FANCJ, FANCL, FANCM, FANCN, FANCO, FANCP da BRCA2 (wanda aka sani da FANCD1). Gadon wannan ciwo da farko shine recessive autosomal, amma FANCB za a iya gado daga uwa ko uba x-chromosome ( x-linked recessive gadon ). Hanyar FA tana da hannu wajen gyaran DNA lokacin da aka haɗa nau'i biyu na DNA ba daidai ba ( interstrand crosslinks ). Hanyoyi da yawa ana daidaita su ta hanyar FA don wannan ciki har da gyaran ɓangarorin nucleotide, fassarar fassarar da sake hadewar homologous .<ref name="pmid196860802">{{cite journal|vauthors=Moldovan GL, D'Andrea AD|title=How the fanconi anemia pathway guards the genome|journal=Annu. Rev. Genet.|volume=43|pages=223–49|year=2009|pmid=19686080|pmc=2830711|doi=10.1146/annurev-genet-102108-134222}}</ref><ref name="pmid125255342">{{cite journal|vauthors=Tischkowitz MD, Hodgson SV|title=Fanconi anaemia|journal=Journal of Medical Genetics|volume=40|issue=1|pages=1–10|date=January 2003|pmid=12525534|pmc=1735271|doi=10.1136/jmg.40.1.1}}</ref><ref name="pmid231146022">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kee Y, D'Andrea AD|title=Molecular pathogenesis and clinical management of Fanconi anemia|journal=Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=122|issue=11|pages=3799–806|date=November 2012|pmid=23114602|pmc=3484428|doi=10.1172/JCI58321}}</ref><ref name="pmid233252182">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kottemann MC, Smogorzewska A|title=Fanconi anaemia and the repair of Watson and Crick DNA crosslinks|journal=Nature|volume=493|issue=7432|pages=356–63|date=January 2013|pmid=23325218|doi=10.1038/nature11863|pmc=3700363|bibcode=2013Natur.493..356K}}</ref><ref name="pmid219482102">{{cite journal|vauthors=Su X, Huang J|title=The Fanconi anemia pathway and DNA interstrand cross-link repair|journal=Protein Cell|volume=2|issue=9|pages=704–11|date=September 2011|pmid=21948210|doi=10.1007/s13238-011-1098-y|pmc=4875268}}</ref> === Familial adenomatous polyposis === Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) wani ciwo ne mai rinjaye na autosomal wanda ke ƙara haɗarin [[Ciwon daji mai launi|kansar launin fata]] . Kusan 1 cikin 8000 mutane za su kamu da wannan cuta kuma tana da kusan 100% shiga . Mutumin da ke da wannan cuta zai sami ɗaruruwa zuwa dubbai na adenoma mara kyau a ko'ina cikin hanjin su, wanda a mafi yawan lokuta zai ci gaba zuwa ciwon daji. Sauran ciwace-ciwacen da ke karuwa a yawan sun hada da; osteomas, adrenal adenomas da carcinomas, thyroid ciwace-ciwacen daji da kuma desmoid ciwace-ciwacen daji . Dalilin wannan rashin lafiya shine maye gurbin APC gene, wanda ke shiga cikin tsarin β-catenin . Kuskuren APC yana haifar da β-catenin don tarawa a cikin sel kuma kunna abubuwan rubutun da ke cikin yaduwar kwayar halitta, ƙaura, bambance-bambance da apoptosis (mutuwar kwayar halitta).<ref name="pmid198220062">{{cite journal|vauthors=Half E, Bercovich D, Rozen P|title=Familial adenomatous polyposis|journal=Orphanet J Rare Dis|volume=4|pages=22|year=2009|pmid=19822006|pmc=2772987|doi=10.1186/1750-1172-4-22}}</ref><ref name="pmid164548482">{{cite journal|vauthors=Galiatsatos P, Foulkes WD|title=Familial adenomatous polyposis|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-gastroenterology_2006_101_2/page/385|journal=American Journal of Gastroenterology|volume=101|issue=2|pages=385–98|date=February 2006|pmid=16454848}}</ref><ref name="pmid194141462">{{cite journal|vauthors=Macrae F, du Sart D, Nasioulas S|title=Familial adenomatous polyposis|journal=Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol|volume=23|issue=2|pages=197–207|year=2009|pmid=19414146|doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2009.02.010}}</ref> === Gadon nono da ciwon daji na kwai === Ciwon daji na ciwon nono-ovarian na gado cuta ce da ta mamaye ta ta hanyar maye gurbi na kwayoyin halittar BRCA1 da BRCA2 . A cikin mata wannan cuta da farko yana ƙara haɗarin [[Breast cancer|nono]] da kansar kwai, amma kuma yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankara na fallopian tube da papillary serous carcinoma na peritoneum. A cikin maza ana ƙara haɗarin [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar kansar prostate]] . Sauran cututtukan daji da ke da alaƙa da wannan ciwon sun haɗa da ciwon daji na pancreatic, kansar nono na namiji, [[Ciwon daji mai launi|ciwon daji]] na launin fata da kuma ciwon daji na mahaifa da [[Ciwon daji na mahaifa|cervix]] . Maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta sun kai kusan kashi 7% da 14% na ciwon nono da ovarian, bi da bi, kuma BRCA1 da BRCA2 ke da kashi 80% na waɗannan lokuta. BRCA1 da BRCA2 duka kwayoyin cutar ciwon tumo ne da ke da hannu wajen kiyayewa da gyara DNA, wanda hakan ke haifar da rashin zaman lafiyar kwayoyin halitta. Maye gurbi a cikin waɗannan kwayoyin halitta suna ba da damar ƙarin lalacewa ga DNA, wanda zai haifar da ciwon daji.<ref name="pmid202160742">{{cite journal|vauthors=Petrucelli N, Daly MB, Feldman GL|title=Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer due to mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2|journal=Genet. Med.|volume=12|issue=5|pages=245–59|date=May 2010|pmid=20216074|doi=10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181d38f2f|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="pmid230506692">{{cite journal|author=Smith EC|title=An overview of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-midwifery-womens-health_november-december-2012_57_6/page/577|journal=J Midwifery Womens Health|volume=57|issue=6|pages=577–84|year=2012|pmid=23050669|doi=10.1111/j.1542-2011.2012.00199.x}}</ref> === Gadon ciwon daji mara polyposis === Ciwon daji wanda ba shi da polyposis na gado, wanda kuma aka sani da cutar Lynch, ciwo ne na kansa wanda ya mamaye kansa wanda ke ƙara haɗarin kansar launin fata. Ana haifar da maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halittar DNA mismatch gyara (MMR), musamman MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 da PMS2 . Bugu da ƙari, ciwon daji na launin fata da yawa sauran ciwon daji suna karuwa a mita. Wadannan sun hada da; ciwon daji na endometrial, ciwon ciki, ciwon daji na ovarian, ciwon daji na ƙananan hanji da ciwon daji na pancreatic . Ciwon daji na hanji wanda ba shi da polyposis kuma yana da alaƙa da farkon farawar kansar launin fata. Kwayoyin halittar MMR suna da hannu wajen gyara DNA lokacin da tushe akan kowane madaidaicin DNA ba su daidaita ba. Ƙwayoyin halittar MMR marasa lahani suna ba da damar ci gaba da sakawa da goge maye gurbi a yankuna na DNA da aka sani da microsatellites . Waɗannan gajerun jerin DNA masu maimaitawa sun zama marasa ƙarfi, suna haifar da yanayin rashin zaman lafiya na microsatellite (MSI). Ana samun maye gurbin microsatellites sau da yawa a cikin kwayoyin halittar da ke da hannu wajen farawa da ci gaba, kuma MSI na iya inganta rayuwar sel, wanda zai haifar da ciwon daji.<ref name="pmid196597562" /><ref name="pmid206318282">{{cite journal|vauthors=Drescher KM, Sharma P, Lynch HT|title=Current hypotheses on how microsatellite instability leads to enhanced survival of Lynch Syndrome patients|journal=Clin. Dev. Immunol.|volume=2010|pages=1–13|year=2010|pmid=20631828|pmc=2901607|doi=10.1155/2010/170432|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="pmid159529002">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kunkel TA, Erie DA|title=DNA mismatch repair|journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem.|volume=74|pages=681–710|year=2005|pmid=15952900|doi=10.1146/annurev.biochem.74.082803.133243|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1234939}}</ref><ref name="pmid221572842">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kastrinos F, Syngal S|title=Inherited colorectal cancer syndromes|journal=Cancer Journal|volume=17|issue=6|pages=405–15|year=2011|pmid=22157284|pmc=3240819|doi=10.1097/PPO.0b013e318237e408}}</ref> [[File:Sex_linked_inheritance.png|thumb| Kodayake yawancin cututtukan anemia na Fanconi ana gadar su ta hanyar dawo da kai, waɗanda FANCB ke haifarwa ana gadonsu ta hanyar gado mai alaƙa da x. Wannan misalan ginshiƙi na ƙayyadaddun tsarin gado na Fanconi anemia mai alaƙa da X zai iya faruwa ta ƙarni da yawa.]] === Paraganglioma-pheochromocytoma ciwo na gado === Yawancin lokuta na paraganglioma na iyali suna haifar da maye gurbi a cikin succinate dehydrogenase (succinate: ubiquinone oxidoreductase) ƙananan kwayoyin halitta ( SDHD, SDHAF2, SDHC, SDHB ). PGL-1 yana da alaƙa da maye gurbin SDHD, kuma yawancin mutanen PGL-1 tare da paraganglioma sun shafi ubanni maimakon iyaye mata. PGL1 da PGL2 sun mamaye autosomal tare da bugawa . PGL-4 yana hade da maye gurbin SDHB kuma yana da alaƙa da haɗarin pheochromocytoma mafi girma, da kuma ciwon daji na renal cell da ciwon daji na thyroid wanda ba medullary ba.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Neumann HP, Pawlu C, Peczkowska M, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Muresan M, Buchta M, Franke G, Klisch J, Bley TA, Hoegerle S, Boedeker CC, Opocher G, Schipper J, Januszewicz A, Eng C|title=Distinct clinical features of paraganglioma syndromes associated with SDHB and SDHD gene mutations|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2004-08-25_292_8/page/943|journal=JAMA|volume=292|issue=8|pages=943–51|year=2004|pmid=15328326|doi=10.1001/jama.292.8.943|doi-access=free}}</ref> === Li-Fraumeni ciwo === Li-Fraumeni ciwo ne mai autosomal rinjaye ciwo da farko lalacewa ta hanyar maye gurbi a cikin TP53 gene, wanda ƙwarai yana ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji da yawa kuma yana da alaƙa sosai da farkon farkon waɗannan ciwon daji. Ciwon daji masu alaka da wannan cuta sun hada da; sarcomas nama mai laushi (sau da yawa ana samun su a cikin yara), osteosarcoma, [[Breast cancer|ciwon nono]], ciwon daji na kwakwalwa, cutar sankarar bargo da adrenocortical carcinoma . Mutanen da ke da ciwon Li-Fraumeni sau da yawa suna da cututtukan daji na farko masu zaman kansu da yawa. Dalilin babban nau'in asibiti na wannan cuta na iya kasancewa saboda wasu maye gurbi da ke gyara cutar. Sunadaran da aka samar ta hanyar TP53 gene, p53, yana da hannu a cikin kama sake zagayowar tantanin halitta, gyaran DNA da apoptosis . Ƙila p53 bazai iya aiwatar da waɗannan matakai yadda ya kamata ba, wanda zai iya zama dalilin samuwar ƙwayar cuta. Saboda kawai 60-80% na mutanen da ke da cutar suna da maye gurbi a cikin TP53, sauran maye gurbi a cikin hanyar p53 na iya shiga cikin ciwo na Li-Fraumeni.<ref name="pmid217795152">{{cite journal|author=Malkin D|title=Li-fraumeni syndrome|journal=Genes Cancer|volume=2|issue=4|pages=475–84|date=April 2011|pmid=21779515|pmc=3135649|doi=10.1177/1947601911413466}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Bakry|first=D|title=P53 in the Clinic: TP53 Germline Mutations: Genetics of Li–Fraumeni Syndrome|year=2013|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=978-1-4614-3676-8|pages=167–188}}</ref><ref name="pmid79876442">{{cite journal|author=Birch JM|title=Familial cancer syndromes and clusters|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-medical-bulletin_1994-07_50_3/page/624|journal=British Medical Bulletin|volume=50|issue=3|pages=624–39|date=July 1994|pmid=7987644|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072913}}</ref><ref name="pmid92862852">{{cite journal|vauthors=Quesnel S, Malkin D|title=Genetic predisposition to cancer and familial cancer syndromes|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_pediatric-clinics-of-north-america_1997-08_44_4/page/791|journal=Pediatr. Clin. North Am.|volume=44|issue=4|pages=791–808|date=August 1997|pmid=9286285|doi=10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70530-7}}</ref> === polyposis mai alaƙa da MUTYH === polyposis mai alaƙa da MUTYH yana raba mafi yawan fasalulluka na asibiti tare da FAP; Bambance-bambancen shine cewa cuta ce ta autosomal recessive cuta ta hanyar maye gurbi a cikin kwayar gyaran DNA na MUTYH . Ciwon daji tare da ƙarin haɗari a cikin wannan cuta sune ciwon daji na launi, adenoma na ciki da adenoma duodenal.<ref name="pmid198220062" /><ref name="pmid194141472">{{cite journal|vauthors=Sampson JR, Jones N|title=MUTYH-associated polyposis|journal=Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol|volume=23|issue=2|pages=209–18|year=2009|pmid=19414147|doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2009.03.006}}</ref> [[File:Keratocystic_odontogenic_tumour_-_intermed_mag.jpg|thumb| Micrograph yana nuna ciwon daji na odontogenic keratocystic, binciken gama gari a cikin ciwon basal cell carcinoma. H&amp;amp;E tabo .]] === Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome === Nevoid basal cell carcinoma ciwo, wanda kuma aka sani da Gorlin ciwo, ya kasan ce kuma wani autosomal rinjaye ciwon daji ciwo a cikin abin da hadarin basal cell carcinoma yana da yawa sosai. Cutar tana da alamun basal cell nevi, jaw keratocysts da skeletal abnormalities. Ƙididdiga na ciwon basal cell carcinoma na rashin lafiya ya bambanta, amma yana da kusan 1 a cikin 60000. Kasancewar basal cell carcinoma ya fi girma a fari fiye da mutane baƙi; 80% da 38%, bi da bi. Odontogenic keratocysts ana samun su a cikin kusan 75% na mutanen da ke da cutar kuma galibi suna faruwa a farkon rayuwarsu. Mafi yawan cututtukan kwarangwal suna faruwa a kai da fuska, amma sau da yawa wasu wuraren suna shafa kamar kejin haƙarƙari . Abubuwan da ke haifar da maye gurbi na wannan cuta yana faruwa a cikin kwayar halittar PTCH, kuma samfurin PTCH shine mai hana ƙari da ke cikin siginar tantanin halitta . Kodayake ainihin aikin wannan furotin a cikin ciwon basal cell carcinoma ba a san shi ba, yana da hannu a cikin hanyar siginar bushiya, wanda aka sani don sarrafa ci gaban kwayar halitta da ci gaba.<ref name="pmid150500662">{{cite journal|vauthors=Manfredi M, Vescovi P, Bonanini M, Porter S|title=Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome: a review of the literature|journal=International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery|volume=33|issue=2|pages=117–24|date=March 2004|pmid=15050066|doi=10.1054/ijom.2003.0435}}</ref><ref name="pmid190327392">{{cite journal|author=Lo Muzio L|title=Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome)|journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases|volume=3|pages=32|year=2008|pmid=19032739|pmc=2607262|doi=10.1186/1750-1172-3-32}}</ref> === Von Hippel-Lindau cuta === Cutar von Hippel-Lindau cuta ce mai wuyar gaske, yanayin halitta mai ƙarfi da ke haifar da ɗaiɗaikun mutane ga ciwace-ciwace marasa kyau da marasa kyau. Mafi yawan ciwace-ciwacen daji a cikin cutar Von Hippel-Lindau sune tsarin juyayi na tsakiya da hemangioblastomas na retinal, carcinomas na renal fili, pheochromocytomas, ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar cuta na pancreatic, cysts pancreatic, ciwace-ciwacen endolymphatic sac da epididymal papillary cystadenomas.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Richard|first=S|author2=Gardie, B|author3=Couvé, S|author4=Gad, S|title=Von Hippel-Lindau: How a rare disease illuminates cancer biology|journal=Seminars in Cancer Biology|date=May 30, 2012|pmid=22659535|doi=10.1016/j.semcancer.2012.05.005|volume=23|issue=1|pages=26–37}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Henry|first1=Todd|last2=Campell|first2=James|last3=Hawley|first3=Arthur|title=Todd-Sanford clinical diagnosis by laboratory methods, edited by Israel Davidsohn [and] John Bernard Henry.|year=1969|publisher=Saunders|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7216-2921-6|pages=555|edition=14th}}</ref> Cutar Von Hippel-Lindau ta samo asali ne daga maye gurbi a cikin kwayar cutar ta von Hippel-Lindau a kan chromosome 3p25.3.<ref name="Wong2">{{cite journal|title=Genotype–phenotype correlation in von Hippel–Lindau disease with retinal angiomatosis|author3=Agró Coleman HR|first9=P|last9=Albert|first8=WM|last8=Linehan|first7=G|last7=Glenn|first6=J|last6=Peterson|first5=K|last5=Csaky|first4=GF|last4=Reed|name-list-style=vanc|author2=n E|journal=[[Archives of Ophthalmology]]|author1=Wong WT|display-authors=3|accessdate=2008-10-22|archive-date=2008-12-12|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20081212234306/http://archopht.ama-assn.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17296901|url=http://archopht.ama-assn.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17296901|doi=10.1001/archopht.125.2.239|pmid=17296901|date=February 2007|pages=239–45|issue=2|volume=125|pmc=3019103}}</ref> === Xeroderma pigmentosum === Xeroderma pigmentosum cuta ce ta autosomal recessive cuta wacce ke da hankali ga hasken ultraviolet (UV), haɓakar haɗarin kunar rana a jiki da haɗarin [[Ciwon daji na fata|cututtukan fata]] . Haɗarin ciwon daji na fata ya fi sau 10000 fiye da na mutane na yau da kullun kuma ya haɗa da nau'ikan kansar fata da yawa, gami da melanoma da cututtukan fata waɗanda ba melanoma ba. Hakanan, wuraren da aka fallasa rana na harshe, lebe da idanu suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa. Xeroderma pigmentosum na iya haɗuwa da wasu cututtuka na ciki da kuma ciwace-ciwacen daji.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2013}} Baya ga ciwon daji, wasu sauye-sauyen kwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke haifar da xeroderma pigmentosum suna hade da neurodegeneration . Xeroderma pigmentosum na iya haifar da maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayoyin halitta 8, wanda ke samar da enzymes masu zuwa: XPA, XPB, XPC, XPD, XPE, XPF, XPG da Pol η . XPA-XPF su ne enzymes gyare-gyaren cirewar nucleotide waɗanda ke gyara DNA mai lalacewa da hasken UV da kuskuren sunadaran zasu ba da damar gina maye gurbin da hasken UV ya haifar. Pol η shine polymerase, wanda shine enzyme wanda ke shiga cikin kwafin DNA. Akwai polymerases da yawa, amma pol η shine enzyme wanda ke yin kwafin UV mai lalacewa DNA. Maye gurbi a cikin wannan kwayar halitta zai haifar da kuskuren pol η enzyme wanda ba zai iya kwafin DNA tare da lalacewar hasken UV ba. Mutanen da ke da maye gurbi na wannan kwayar halitta suna da juzu'in XP; Cutar bambance-bambancen XP.<ref name="pmid220446072">{{cite journal|vauthors=Lehmann AR, McGibbon D, Stefanini M|title=Xeroderma pigmentosum|journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases|volume=6|pages=70|year=2011|pmid=22044607|pmc=3221642|doi=10.1186/1750-1172-6-70}}</ref><ref name="pmid217081832">{{cite journal|vauthors=Niedernhofer LJ, Bohr VA, Sander M, Kraemer KH|title=Xeroderma pigmentosum and other diseases of human premature aging and DNA repair: molecules to patients|journal=Mech. Ageing Dev.|volume=132|issue=6–7|pages=340–7|year=2011|pmid=21708183|pmc=3474983|doi=10.1016/j.mad.2011.06.004}}</ref> == DNA gyara lahani da ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji == Yawancin ciwon daji na ciwon daji suna faruwa ne saboda raunin da aka gada a iya gyara DNA .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019|reason=removed citation to predatory publisher content}} gurbin da aka gada ya kasance a cikin kwayar halittar DNA, ko dai ba za a bayyana gene ɗin gyaran ba ko kuma a bayyana shi a wani tsari da aka canza. Sa'an nan aikin gyaran zai iya zama kasala, kuma, saboda haka, lalacewar DNA za ta yi taruwa. Irin wannan lalacewar DNA na iya haifar da kurakurai yayin haɗin DNA wanda ke haifar da maye gurbi, wasu daga cikinsu na iya haifar da ciwon daji. Gyare-gyaren DNA na gyaran layin Germ wanda ke ƙara haɗarin kansa an jera su a cikin Tebur. {| class="wikitable sortable" |+'''Gadon DNA na gyara maye gurbi wanda ke ƙara [[Sankara|haɗarin kansa]]''' ! width="100" | Halin gyaran DNA ! width="25" | Protein ! width="150" | Hanyoyin gyara sun shafi* ! width="200" | Ciwon daji tare da ƙarin haɗari |- | ataxia telangiectasia ya canza | ATM | Maye gurbi daban-daban a cikin ''ATM'' yana rage HRR, SSA ko NHEJ | cutar sankarar bargo, lymphoma, nono <ref name="Keimling" /> |- | Bloom ciwo | BLM | HRR | cutar sankarar bargo, lymphoma, hanji, nono, fata, huhu, canal audio, harshe, esophagus, ciki, tonsil, larynx, mahaifa |- | ciwon nono 1 & 2 | Saukewa: BRCA1 | HRR na shinge biyu na karya da gibin 'yar mata | nono, ovarian |- | Fanconi anemia genes FANCA, B,C,D1,D2,E,F,G,I,J,L,M,N,O,P | FANCA etc. | HRR da TLS | cutar sankarar bargo, ciwace-ciwacen hanta, daskararrun ciwace-ciwace wurare da yawa |- | Ƙwayoyin cutar daji marasa polyposis na gado MSH2 MSH6 MLH1 PMS2 | MSH2 MSH6 MLH1 PMS2 | MMR | colorectal, endometrial, ovariain, gastrointestinal tract (ciki da ƙananan hanji, pancreas, biliary tract), urinary tract, kwakwalwa (glioblastomas), da fata (keratoacanthomas da kuma fata). adenoma sebaceous |- | Li-Fraumeni ciwo na TP53 | P53 | Matsayin kai tsaye a cikin HRR, BER, NER kuma yana aiki a cikin amsawar lalacewar DNA don waɗannan hanyoyin kuma don NHEJ da MMR | sarcomas, ciwon nono, ciwace-ciwacen kwakwalwa, da carcinomas adrenocortical |- | MRE11A | MRE11 | HRR da NHEJ | nono |- | MUTYH | MUTYH glycosylase | BER na A haɗe tare da 8-oxo-dG | colorectal, duodenal, ovarian, mafitsara da kuma ciwon daji na fata |- | Nijmegen breakage syndrome | NBS (NBN) | NHEJ | ciwon daji na lymphoid <ref name="Digweed" /> |- | Farashin NTHL1 | Farashin NTHL1 | BER don Tg, FapyG, 5-hC, 5-hU a cikin dsDNA | [[Ciwon daji mai launi|Ciwon daji]], ciwon daji na endometrial, ciwon duodenal ciwon daji, basal-cell carcinoma |- | RECQL4 | RECQ4 | Helicase mai yiwuwa yana aiki a cikin HRR | basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, intraepidermal carcinoma |- | Werner Syndrome Gene WRN | Werner Syndrome ATP-dependent helicase | HRR, NHEJ, dogon faci BER | sarcoma mai laushi, launin fata, fata, thyroid, pancreas |- | Xeroderma pigmentosum genes XPA, XPB, XPD, XPF, XPG | Farashin XPB XPD | Rubuce-rubucen da aka haɗe NER yana gyara rubutun da aka rubuta na kwayoyin halitta masu aiki da rubutu | [[Ciwon daji na fata|ciwon fata]] (melanoma da wadanda ba melanoma) <ref name="Menck" /> |- | Xeroderma pigmentosum genes XPC, XPE ( DDB2 ) | XPC, XPE | NER genomic na duniya, yana gyara lalacewa a cikin DNA da aka rubuta da ba a rubuta su ba | ciwon fata (melanoma da wadanda ba melanoma) <ref name="pmid22044607" /> <ref name="Oh" /> |- | XPV (wanda ake kira polymerase H) | DNA polymerase eta (Pol η) | Haɗin Fassara (TLS) | ciwon daji (basal cell, squamous cell, melanoma) <ref name="Yang" /> |} * Ƙididdigar hanyoyin hanyoyin gyaran DNA sune HRR homologous recombinational gyara, SSA sub-hanyar HRR, NHEJ ba homologous karshen hadawa, BER tushe gyara gyara, TLS translesion kira, NER nucleotide excision gyara gyara, MMR mismatch gyara . == Binciken kwayoyin halitta == Ana iya amfani da gwajin kwayoyin halitta don gano maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes da ke wucewa ta cikin tsararraki. Mutanen da suka gwada ingancin samun maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta ba lallai ba ne a la'anta su don haɓaka cutar kansa da ke da alaƙa da maye gurbin, duk da haka suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa idan aka kwatanta da yawan jama'a. Ana ba da shawarar cewa mutane su sami gwajin kwayoyin halitta idan tarihin lafiyar danginsu ya haɗa da: Iyali da yawa masu ciwon daji, wani a cikin danginsu wanda ya kamu da cutar kansa tun yana ƙanana ko kuma ta wata ƙabila .<ref name=":02" /> [[File:MyGene_Genetic_Testing_Kit.jpeg|alt=|thumb|312x312px| Misali na kai tsaye zuwa kayan gwajin kwayoyin halitta na mabukaci. Wannan kit ɗin ya fito ne daga kamfanin 'MyGene'.]] Tsarin binciken kwayoyin halitta hanya ce mai sauƙi, mara lalacewa. Duk da haka, kafin a gwada kwayoyin halitta don maye gurbin mai haƙuri yawanci dole ne ya je wurin mai ba da lafiya kuma ya bi ta hanyar shawarwari daya-daya, inda suke tattauna tarihin kansa da na iyali na ciwon daji. Kwararren likita zai iya tantance yiwuwar majiyyaci ya sami maye gurbin kuma zai iya jagorance su ta hanyar gwajin kwayoyin halitta.<ref name="Yang" /> Yana da mahimmanci cewa wannan shawarwarin ya faru saboda yana tabbatar da cewa mutumin ya ba da izini don shiga gwajin kwayoyin halitta, ya sani kuma ya fahimci matakai, fa'idodi da iyakancewar hanya kuma ya fi sanin sakamakon sakamakon gwajin ji.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/testing/genetictesting|title=What is genetic testing?|last=Reference|first=Genetics Home|website=Genetics Home Reference|language=en|access-date=2018-02-20}}</ref> Ana iya yin gwajin ta hanyar amfani da ruwan jiki ko ƙwayoyin majiyyaci, wannan ya haɗa da; jini (wanda shine ya fi kowa), jini, ruwan amniotic har ma da sel daga ciki na bakin da aka samo daga buccal swab . Ana aika wannan kayan zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje na musamman na kwayoyin halitta inda masu fasaha za su bincika shi, ana mayar da sakamakon gwajin zuwa ma'aikacin lafiya wanda ya nemi bincike kuma an tattauna sakamakon tare da mai haƙuri. <ref name=":02" /> Za a iya samun gwajin kai tsaye ga mabukaci ba tare da ƙwararren likita ba amma ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda mabukaci ya rasa damar tattauna shawararsu tare da ƙwararrun ilimi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Myers|first1=Melanie F.|last2=Bernhardt|first2=Barbara A.|date=June 2012|title=Direct-to-consumer genetic testing: introduction to the special issue|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=direct+to+consumer+genetic+testing+introduction+to+the+special+issue|journal=Journal of Genetic Counseling|volume=21|issue=3|pages=357–360|doi=10.1007/s10897-012-9500-3|issn=1573-3599|pmid=22441809|s2cid=18281938}}</ref> Dangane da Laburaren Magunguna na Ƙasa a cikin gwajin ƙwayoyin halittar Amurka a Amurka farashin farashi daga $100-$2000 ya danganta da nau'in da ƙaƙƙarfan gwaji. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/testing/costresults|title=What is the cost of genetic testing, and how long does it take to get the results?|last=Reference|first=Genetics Home|website=Genetics Home Reference|language=en|access-date=2018-02-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918113448/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/testing/costresults|archive-date=2020-09-18|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyukan rigakafi == Gwajin kwayoyin halitta yana da mahimmanci kamar idan gwajin ya fito tabbatacce sun fi sanin lafiyar kansu da lafiyar dangin dangi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Robson|last8=Syngal|issn=1527-7755|doi=10.1200/JCO.2015.63.0996|pages=3660–3667|issue=31|volume=33|journal=Journal of Clinical Oncology|title=American Society of Clinical Oncology Policy Statement Update: Genetic and Genomic Testing for Cancer Susceptibility|date=2015-11-01|first9=Dana S.|last9=Wollins|first8=Sapna|first7=Stephen M.|first1=Mark E.|last7=Lipkin|first6=Heather L.|last6=Hampel|first5=James M.|last5=Ford|first4=Susan M.|last4=Domchek|first3=Banu|last3=Arun|first2=Angela R.|last2=Bradbury|pmid=26324357}}</ref> Tare da taimako da shawarwari daga kwararrun likitoci za su iya ɗaukar matakai don rage girman haɗarin ci gaban ciwon daji ta hanyar: * motsa jiki na yau da kullun * Abincin lafiya, daidaitacce * Kula da lafiyayyen nauyi * Ba shan taba ba * Kasance cikin aminci a ƙarƙashin hasken rana mai cutarwa<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/inherited-cancer-genes-and-increased-cancer-risk/genetic-testing-for-cancer-risk|title=Genetic testing for cancer risk|date=2015-06-02|work=Cancer Research UK|access-date=2018-02-20|language=en}}</ref> Akwai wasu nau'o'in ayyukan rigakafi, misali ga nono na gado da kuma Ciwon daji na Ovarian zai kasance ta hanyar tiyata: A hysterectomy shine cire duk ko wasu daga cikin mahaifa, yayin da mastectomy yana cire nono ( mastectomy biyu ma'ana cewa nono biyu). an cire su), wannan na iya ƙara shekaru akan tsawon rayuwarsu .<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Schrag|title=Decision analysis--effects of prophylactic mastectomy and oophorectomy on life expectancy among women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_1997-05-15_336_20/page/1465|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJM199705153362022|pages=1465–1471|issue=20|volume=336|journal=The New England Journal of Medicine|date=1997-05-15|first1=D.|first4=J. C.|last4=Weeks|first3=J. E.|last3=Garber|first2=K. M.|last2=Kuntz|pmid=9148160}}</ref> Wani ma'auni na rigakafi shine gwajin cutar kansa na yau da kullun da kuma duba. Idan mutum yana da cutar Lynch to sai a yi masa tiyatar colonoscopy na yau da kullun don bincika idan akwai wani canji a cikin sel ɗin da ke rufe bangon hanji, an tabbatar da binciken akai-akai yana ƙara matsakaicin shekaru 7 akan tsawon rayuwar mutumin da ke fama da shi. daga cutar Lynch kamar yadda gano wuri da wuri yana nufin daidaitattun matakan rigakafi da tiyata za a iya ɗauka cikin sauri.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Newton|date=January 2015|issn=1463-1318|doi=10.1111/codi.12778|pages=38–46|issue=1|volume=17|journal=Colorectal Disease|title=Colonoscopy screening compliance and outcomes in patients with Lynch syndrome|first5=J.|first1=K.|last5=Hill|first4=D. G.|last4=Evans|first3=F.|last3=Lalloo|first2=K.|last2=Green|pmid=25213040}}</ref> Ana kuma ba da shawarar duba nono akai-akai ga matan da aka gano suna da maye gurbi na BRCA, haka kuma, binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa maza masu haɗarin kamuwa da [[Ciwon daji na prostate|cutar kansar prostate]] saboda maye gurbi na BRCA na iya rage haɗarinsu ta hanyar shan aspirin .<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Cossack|title=Aspirin use is associated with lower prostate cancer risk in male carriers of BRCA mutations|pmid=23881471|issn=1573-3599|doi=10.1007/s10897-013-9629-8|pages=187–191|issue=2|volume=23|journal=Journal of Genetic Counseling|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Aspirin+Use+Is+Associated+with+Lower+Prostate+Cancer+Risk+in+Male+Carriers+of+BRCA+Mutations|date=April 2014|first1=Matthew|first5=Henry|last5=Lynch|first4=Carrie|last4=Snyder|first3=Patrice|last3=Watson|first2=Cameron|last2=Ghaffary|s2cid=15371573}}</ref> Aspirin yana da amfani sosai wajen rage yawan ciwon daji; duk da haka, dole ne a sha shi akai-akai sama da aƙalla tsawon shekaru biyar don yin tasiri.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Thorat|first1=Mangesh A.|last2=Cuzick|first2=Jack|date=December 2013|title=Role of aspirin in cancer prevention|journal=Current Oncology Reports|volume=15|issue=6|pages=533–540|doi=10.1007/s11912-013-0351-3|issn=1534-6269|pmid=24114189|s2cid=40187047|url=http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/10490}}</ref> == Yawaitar maye gurbi a cikin kabilu daban-daban == Sau da yawa maye gurbi ya fi zama ruwan dare a wasu ƙabilu, wannan saboda jinsi na iya bin kakanninsu zuwa wuri ɗaya, rikitattun kwayoyin halitta daga kakanni sukan bi ta cikin tsararraki wanda shine dalilin da ya sa wasu ƙabilun suka fi kamuwa da maye gurbi, ta haka sai karuwa suke. yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar kansa [61]. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, wannan na iya zama da amfani saboda yana iya taimakawa ƙwararrun kiwon lafiya tantance haɗarin majiyyaci na maye gurbi kafin a gwada su.<ref name="Yang" /> Ciwon daji na Werner yana da yawan 1 cikin 200,000 masu rai a cikin Amurka, amma yana shafar mutane a [[Japan]] a cikin 1 cikin 20,000-40,000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/werner-syndrome|title=Werner syndrome|last=Reference|first=Genetics Home|website=Genetics Home Reference|language=en|access-date=2018-02-20}}</ref> 1 a cikin 40 Ashkenazi Yahudawa suna da maye gurbi na BRCA, wannan babban bambanci ne daga yawan jama'a a Amurka inda 1 a cikin 400 ke shafar. Yahudawan Ashkenazi na cikin hatsarin kamuwa da ciwon nono na gado da kuma ciwon daji na kwai kuma ana ba da shawarar cewa su yi gwajin kwayoyin halitta don ganin ko suna da maye gurbi da kuma duba cutar kansa akai-akai.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cancercenter.com/community/thrive/genetic-risk-race-and-ethnicity/|title=Genetic risk, race and ethnicity {{!}} Cancer Fighters Thrive Magazine|work=CancerCenter.com|access-date=2018-02-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221101509/https://www.cancercenter.com/community/thrive/genetic-risk-race-and-ethnicity/|archive-date=2018-02-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Tarin dangi == Manazarta == [[Category:Cutar daji]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2r1fltqxjsac9h3z2trbicqs8dsvsn0 0 29672 961395 438767 2026-10-01T13:04:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Clarence Clyde Seedorf''' (lafazin Yaren mutanen Holland: [ˈklɛrənˈseːdɔr(ə)f]; an haife shi 1 Afrilu 1976) ƙwararren manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma tsohon ɗan wasa. Ana daukar Seedorf daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka fi samun nasara a tarihin gasar zakarun Turai ta UEFA, domin shi ne na farko, kuma a halin yanzu shi kadai ne, dan wasan da ya lashe gasar zakarun Turai tare da kungiyoyi uku- sau daya da Ajax, a 1995, sau daya tare da Real Madrid, a cikin 1998 kuma sau biyu tare da AC Milan, a cikin 2003 da 2007.<ref>[http://2000.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2012/clubs/player=13127/profile/index.html UEFA Champions League – Clarence Seedorf – UEFA.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927130025/http://2000.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2012/clubs/player=13127/profile/index.html|date=27 September 2015}}. 2000.uefa.com (20 May 2013).</ref><ref>[http://www.uefa.com/printoutfiles/competitions/ucl/2010/e/e_01_md.pdf UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE SEASON 2009/10 MATCHWEEK STATS PACK MATCHWEEK 1 15/09/2009-16/09/2009] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023011029/http://www.uefa.com/printoutfiles/competitions/ucl/2010/e/e_01_md.pdf |date=2012-10-23 }}. uefa.com</ref> A matakin kasa da kasa, ya wakilci Netherlands a kan lokuta 87, kuma ya halarci gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta Turai (1996, 2000, 2004) da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1998, ya kai wasan kusa da na karshe na gasa uku na karshe. [[File:Seedorf 4 wikicommons.jpg|thumb|Clarence Seedorf]] An yi la'akari da mutane da yawa a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun 'yan wasan tsakiya na zamaninsa, a cikin shekarar 2004, [[Pelé]] ya zaba shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na FIFA 100. Seedorf yana daya daga cikin 'yan wasan kasar Holland da aka yi wa ado, kuma ya lashe kofunan gida da nahiya a lokacin da yake buga wasa a kungiyoyi a Netherlands, Spain, Italiya da Brazil.<ref>{{cite web|title=Clarence Seedorf|url=http://www.voetbalcanon.nl/speler/0/Clarence_Seedorf.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714191035/http://www.voetbalcanon.nl/speler/0/Clarence_Seedorf.htm|archive-date=14 July 2014|access-date=9 July 2014|work=Voetbalcanon.nl – de Nederlandse voetbalhistorie in 22 vensters}}</ref> == Farkon aiki == An haife shi a [[Paramaribo]], [[Suriname]], Seedorf ya girma a matsayin Kirista a Almere, Flevoland, inda ya ƙaura lokacin yana ɗan shekara biyu.<ref>{{cite news|last=Vissers|first=Willem|title=Een hele eer voor Seedorf: een eigen plein in Almere|url=http://www.volkskrant.nl/vk/nl/2698/Sport/article/detail/879281/2007/09/21/Een-hele-eer-voor-Seedorf-een-eigen-plein-in-Almere.dhtml|work=Volkskrant|access-date=3 December 2013}}</ref> Ya girma a cikin dangin ƙwallon ƙafa, tare da ƙannensa Jürgen da Chedric Seedorf,<ref>{{cite news|title=AC Milan sends Seedorf Jr. to France|url=http://www.tribalfootball.com/articles/ac-milan-sends-seedorf-jr-france-201275|work=Tribalfootball|access-date=3 December 2013|archive-date=10 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410045919/https://www.tribalfootball.com/articles/ac-milan-sends-seedorf-jr-france-201275|url-status=dead}}</ref> da mahaifinsa, tsohon ɗan wasa kuma wakili mai hazaka Johann Seedorf. Seedorf ya fara aikinsa yana da shekaru shida a cikin matasan matasa na ƙungiyoyin masu son na gida VV AS '80 da Real Almere,<ref>{{cite web|title=Clarence Seedorf profile|url=http://www.fcintermilano.com/clanek-80-clarence-seedorf|publisher=Inter Milano|access-date=3 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140118061945/http://www.fcintermilano.com/clanek-80-clarence-seedorf|archive-date=18 January 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> kafin a gano su kuma a ɗauke su zuwa matsayi na Ƙungiyoyin Ƙwallon ƙafa na Ajax na kusa. up by Johan Cruyff, kuma wanda ke da alhakin daukar ma'aikata irin su Frank da Ronald de Boer, Edgar Davids, Robert Witschge da Patrick Kluivert zuwa kulob din.<ref>{{cite web|title=The evolution of Barcelona's DNA from Ajax|url=http://espnfc.com/blog/_/name/laliga/id/747?cc=5901|publisher=ESPN|access-date=3 December 2013}}</ref> Suna bin sawun ɗan'uwansu, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin mahaifinsu da wakilin gwaninta, 'yan uwan Sedorf, da dan uwan Stefano, daga baya kuma za su shiga cikin matsayi na Ajax. [[File:Seedorf_with_Addo.jpg|left|thumb| Clarence Seedorf a wasan AC Milan da Eric Addo na PSV a wasan sada zumunci a ranar 3 ga Agusta 2007 a filin wasa na Lokomotiv, Moscow.]] [[File:Clarence_Seedorf_and_Mesut_Özil.jpg|right|thumb|231x231px| Seedorf yana wasa da tsohon kulob din Real Madrid. A gefen hagu shine [[Mesut Ozil]] .]] [[File:Seedorf_(10663636224).jpg|thumb| Seedorf yana taka leda a Botafogo a cikin 2013]] [[File:Jersey_of_Clarence_Seedorf.jpg|thumb| Rigar mai lamba 10 na Seedorf a cikin gidan kayan tarihi na San Siro]] == Rayuwa ta sirri da sauran aiki == [[File:Princess_Máxima,_Prince_Willem-Alexander_&_Clarence_Seedorf.jpg|thumb| Seedorf tare da Sarauniya Máxima da Sarki Willem-Alexander na Netherlands .]] == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dp4b58s3p71h6aqt9f32qha38735umh 0 29776 961596 954456 2026-10-01T21:41:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961596 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dokokin gandun daji''' suna sarrafa ayyukan a cikin [[Gandun Daji|ƙasashen gandun daji]] da aka tsara, galibi dangane da kula da gandun daji le girbi katako.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018 |title=Forestry regulation |url=https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/forestry/forestry-operations |access-date=2021-12-09 |website=www.dpi.nsw.gov.au |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=What is Forestry Law? - Becoming a Forestry Lawyer |url=https://legalcareerpath.com/what-is-forestry-law/ |access-date=2021-12-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> Dokokin gandun daji gabaɗaya suna ɗaukar manufofin gudanarwa don albarkatun gandun daji na jama'a, kamar amfani da yawa da amfanin gona mai ɗorewa. Gudanar da gandun daji ya kasu tsakanin masu zaman kansu da na jama'a, tare da gandun dajin jama'a mallakar mallakar jihar. Dokokin gandun daji yanzu ana ɗaukar su al'amarin kasa da kasa.<ref name="Kaimowitz Forest law enforcement">{{Cite journal |last=Kaimowitz |first=D. |date=2003 |title=Forest law enforcement and rural livelihoods |url=https://archive.org/details/international-forestry-review_2003-09_5_3/page/199 |journal=International Forestry Review |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=199–210 |doi=10.1505/IFOR.5.3.199.19146 |jstor=43740118 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Hukumomin gwamnati galibi suna da alhakin tsarawa da aiwatar da dokokin gandun daji a kan filayen gandun daji na jama'a, kuma suna iya shiga cikin kayan gandun daji, tsarawa, da [[Forest management|kiyayewa]], da kuma kula da tallace-tallace na katako. Dokokin gandun daji sun kuma dogara da yanayin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na yankin da aka aiwatar da su. Ci gaban kula da gandun daji na kimiyya ya dogara ne akan daidaitattun ma'auni na rarraba da ƙarar itace a cikin wani yanki da aka ba shi, sare bishiyoyi, da kuma maye gurbin su da daidaitattun, da kyau daidaita layuka na shuke-shuke na al'adu guda ɗaya waɗanda za a iya girbe su a lokutan da aka saita.<ref name="r1">{{Cite journal |last=Lipschutz |first=Ronnie D. |date=2000 |title=Why Is There No International Forestry Law?: An Examination of International Forestry Regulation, both Public and Private |journal=UCLA Journal of Environmental Law and Policy |volume=19 |issue=1 |doi=10.5070/L5191019219 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Manufar == Dokokin gandun daji an yi niyya ne don kare albarkatu da hana share gandun daji, katako, farauta, da tattara ciyayi. Koyaya, babu iyakancewar da aka saita a cikin waɗannan dokoki game da yankewa, juyawa na girbi, da mafi ƙarancin diamita na girbi. [[Forest management|Shirye-shiryen kula da gandun daji]] suna da manufofi don kula da ƙasar, da kuma matakai don cimma su. masu gandun daji suna ƙirƙirar tsare-tsaren gudanarwa waɗanda ke lissafa kowane gandun daji daban-daban. A wasu lokuta, ana yin shirye-shirye tare da zaton cewa [[Ilimin muhalli na gandun daji|yanayin halittu a cikin gandun daji]] yana riƙe da yanayin da ya dace, ya bambanta da gandun daji da ke kewaye da su.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2018 |title=Elements of a Management Plan |url=https://www.forestasyst.org/managementplan.html |access-date=9 December 2021 |website=Forest A Syst |publisher=University of Georgia Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources and College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences}}</ref> Yawancin masu kula da gandun daji waɗanda ke cikin Kasashe na duniya ta uku ba su da ilimi ko horo don bin duk jagororin yayin yin shirin gudanarwa.<ref name="r5">{{Cite journal |last=Kaimowitz |first=D. |date=2003 |title=Forest law enforcement and rural livelihoods |url=https://archive.org/details/international-forestry-review_2003-09_5_3/page/199 |journal=International Forestry Review |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=199–210 |doi=10.1505/IFOR.5.3.199.19146 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> [[File:Tongass_national_forest_juneau_img_7501.jpg|thumb|Garin Kasa na Tongass]] Manufofin jama'a da dokoki masu dacewa suna aiki don inganta ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa mai ɗorewa a yankunan karkara da birane. Wadannan manufofi suna aiki don kare muhalli da kare tsire-tsire, dabbobi da Al'adun al'adu.<ref name="r8">{{Cite web |last=Franz Schmithüsen |last2=Peter Herbst |last3=Dennis C. Le Master |date=2000 |title=Forging a New Framework for Sustainable Forestry: Recent Developments in European Forest Law |url=http://www.iufro.org/download/file/20418/3753/ws10_pdf/ |access-date=30 November 2016 |publisher=IUFRO |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201075740/http://www.iufro.org/download/file/20418/3753/ws10_pdf/ |archive-date=1 December 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> A al'ada, kariya ta muhalli ta kasance wani bangare na [[Gandun -Daji|gandun daji]] ta hanyar jaddada kiyaye gandun daji da lissafin tasirin muhalli akan ƙasa da ruwa. Kamar yadda yake tare da sauran bangarori, gandun daji ya shafi fitowar wayar da kan jama'a game da muhalli da dokoki a cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe. Wannan ya kawo karfafawa kan kariya ga jeji da dabi'u masu kyau.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ribe |first=Robert G. |date=January 1989 |title=The aesthetics of forestry: What has empirical preference research taught us? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_environmental-management_january-february-1989_13_1/page/55 |journal=Environmental Management |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=55–74 |bibcode=1989EnMan..13...55R |doi=10.1007/bf01867587}}</ref> == Tasiri == [[Bambancin halittu]] da [[Sauyin yanayi|Canjin yanayi]] sun yi tasiri musamman ga dokar gandun daji. Lokacin da aka kirkiro tsare-tsaren kula da gandun daji, ana wakiltar bambancin halittu a cikin ka'idojin dorewa. Saboda [[Yarjejeniyar Kyoto]], rage canjin yanayi ya zama manufa ta dokar gandun daji da manufofi, tare da tallafawa manufofi da shirye-shiryen yanayi. Koyaya, Rosenbaum da abokan aiki sun bayyana cewa akwai ƙananan dokoki da ke dauke da takamaiman tanadi don rage canjin yanayi na gandun daji. Haɗin tsakanin gandun daji da sauran fannoni na doka sun zama mafi rikitarwa yayin da suka girma cikin burin da iyaka kuma kamar yadda wasu yankuna kai tsaye da kai tsaye ke sanya jagororin kan yadda ake sarrafa ko amfani da gandun daji. Ta haka ne alaƙar da ke tsakanin dokokin gandun daji na ƙasar da dokokin muhalli gabaɗaya sun zama mafi mahimmanci yayin da girman muhalli na dokokin gandun dajin ke ƙaruwa cikin rikitarwa. Dokar gandun daji yanzu ta amince da rawar da gandun daji ke takawa a matsayin wurin zama ga namun daji, hanya don kiwo da noma, da kuma mai ba da gudummawa ga kiyaye ruwa da ƙasa. Kwanan nan, ka'idodin ka'idojin muhalli da kuma takamaiman dabi'u na bambancin halittu sun zama wani bangare na bayyane na dokar gandun daji. Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan dazuzzuka, wani taron manufofi na gwamnati da aka kirkira a shekara ta 2000, ya karɓi ƙuduri game da ci gaban gandun daji mai ɗorewa, musamman waɗanda ke kan al'amuran zamantakewa da al'adu na gandun daji da al'adun gargajiya.<ref name="r7" /> Saboda bambance-bambance a cikin yanayi, muhimmancin, rawar da albarkatun gandun daji da saitunan shari'a da hukumomi ke takawa, dokar gandun daji ba ta da sauƙin daidaitawa tsakanin ƙasashe. Bankin Duniya ya bayyana cewa duk da nazarin kwatankwacin abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin dokokin gandun daji, akwai rashin jagora mai amfani game da yadda za a tantance inganta dokar.<ref name="Kaimowitz Forest law enforcement" /> Ayyuka na ainihi sun bambanta daga ƙasa ɗaya zuwa na gaba, duk da haka, a duk lokuta ana kallon gandun daji na jama'a a matsayin hanya ta ƙasa, wato, mallakar mallakar jihar.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Lipschutz |first=Ronnie D. |date=2000 |title=Why Is There No International Forestry Law?: An Examination of International Forestry Regulation, both Public and Private |journal=UCLA Journal of Environmental Law and Policy |volume=19 |issue=1 |doi=10.5070/l5191019219 |issn=1942-8553 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Misali, kodayake yawancin gandun daji a Amurka da Kanada mallakar masu zaman kansu ne, jihar tana riƙe da adadi mai yawa a matsayin "amfanin jama'a" amma ana ba da hayar su ga masu samar da katako masu zaman kansu. A [[Indiya]], Raj ya mallaki kusan dukkanin gandun daji, ya ayyana su a matsayin "wasteland" sabili da haka, ba mallakar ba. A [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], gandun daji mallakar doka ce amma ana bi da su a matsayin mallakar masu zaman kansu, yayin da a Brazil, rashin gwamnatin ƙasa ya sa gandun daji su bude. A cikin wannan rawar, kiyaye gandun daji yana da alaƙa sosai da samar da katako da sauran kayayyaki waɗanda ke samar da babban birnin da ayyukan yi, kuma tattalin arzikin manyan yankuna kusan sun dogara ne akan samar da albarkatun halitta daga waɗancan gandun daji.<ref name="r1" /> [[File:Forest_Management_and_the_impact_on_water_resources_a_review_of_13_countries.pdf|thumb|Shirin Gudanar da dazuzzuka na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] An karɓi sabbin dokokin gandun daji a ƙasashen [[Gabashin Turai]] a matsayin wani ɓangare na sauyawa zuwa tattalin arzikin kasuwa. Wadannan dokoki suna da tasiri sosai a kan tsarin mallakar ƙasar gandun daji, ingantawa a cikin ka'idojin gudanarwa, da kuma sabunta tsarin tsarin bangaren gandun daji. An kuma samar da sabbin dokokin gandun daji a kasashe da yawa a Yammacin Turai don daidaitawa da sauye-sauyen yanayin tattalin arziki, bukatun zamantakewa, da ƙarin shiga siyasa na kungiyoyi masu sha'awa da 'yan ƙasa a matakin gida da na yanki.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nichiforel |display-authors=etal |date=June 2020 |title=Two decades of forest-related legislation changes in European countriesanalysed from a property rights perspective |journal=Forest Policy and Economics |volume=115 |bibcode=2020ForPE.11502146N |doi=10.1016/j.forpol.2020.102146 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> === Yanayin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa === Juyin halitta na dokokin gandun daji a cikin ƙasashen Turai ya nuna cewa fahimtar yadda za a yi amfani da albarkatun ƙasa a hanyar da ta dace ya dogara da yanayin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Forests — European Environment Agency |url=https://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/2015/europe/forests |access-date=2021-12-09 |website=www.eea.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> Ma'anar gandun daji mai ɗorewa an ƙayyade ta yanayin yankin kuma muhimmancin su ya canza sosai a tsawon lokaci. A yau ana fahimtar gudanarwa mai ɗorewa a matsayin ayyukan gandun daji waɗanda ke girmama yiwuwar da aka ba da yanayin halittu da kuma kula da bambancin gandun daji a cikin shimfidar wurare. Suna barin zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don haɓaka samar da itace, kariya ga muhalli, da kuma nishaɗi. === Gudanar da amfani === Shirye-shiryen jama'a da ke nufin amfani da gandun daji sama da ƙarni ɗaya suna daga cikin tsofaffin nau'ikan manufofin muhalli na dogon lokaci. [[Dokar al'ada]], wadda aka tsara a karni na 14, ta tsara amfani da gandun daji daidai da buƙatu da zaɓuɓɓuka na lokutan su. Ƙarin adadin gandun daji da dokokin katako, waɗanda aka bayar daga ƙarni na 16 zuwa gaba, sun biyo baya.<ref name=":6" /> Gasar da bukatun gida, wadatar albarkatun kasa da makamashi na dogon lokaci, da kuma kara fitarwa ta hanyar ingantaccen aikin gandun daji sune batutuwan da ke cikin matsala. Shari'a ta kafa abin da ake buƙata na ci gaba da samar da itace, wanda ke nufin dakatar da amfani da abin da ke akwai. Ya gane yanayin gandun daji na dogon lokaci, kuma ya inganta sa hannu na tsararraki da yawa a cikin ayyukan gandun daji.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sasaki |first=Nophea |last2=Asner |first2=Gregory P. |last3=Pan |first3=Yude |last4=Knorr |first4=Wolfgang |last5=Durst |first5=Patrick B. |last6=Ma |first6=Hwan O. |last7=Abe |first7=Issei |last8=Lowe |first8=Andrew J. |last9=Koh |first9=Lian P. |last10=Putz |first10=Francis E. |date=2016-08-03 |title=Sustainable Management of Tropical Forests Can Reduce Carbon Emissions and Stabilize Timber Production |journal=Frontiers in Environmental Science |volume=4 |page=50 |bibcode=2016FrEnS...4...50S |doi=10.3389/fenvs.2016.00050 |issn=2296-665X |doi-access=free}}</ref> Da yawa, ya samar da tsarawa da gudanarwa, da kuma matakan sake farfadowa da sake dasa bishiyoyi. Wannan ya gabatar da ka'idojin amfani da albarkatun halitta masu sabuntawa a matsayin abin da ake buƙata don dorewa kamar yadda muka fahimta a yau.<ref name="r8" /> == Dokar gandun daji ta Amurka == A Amurka Gwamnatin Tarayya tana kula da kusan kashi 33% na gandun daji, kuma kananan hukumomi ne ke kula da kashi 9% . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Forestry Overview - National Agricultural Law Center |url=https://nationalaglawcenter.org/overview/forestry/ |access-date=2021-11-11 |website=nationalaglawcenter.org}}</ref> Wannan yana da asusun kadada 343,901,880 (kilomita 1391722) na ƙasar gandun daji.<ref name=":0" /> Yawancin wannan ƙasar sun ƙunshi wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa ko gandun daji na ƙasa wanda ya fara ne tare da kafa wurin shakatawa na Yellowstone a cikin 1872. Bayan wannan, a cikin 1891, an zartar da Dokar Tsaro ta Forest . <ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Forest Service Forest Management - Laws, Regulations & Policies |url=https://www.fs.fed.us/forestmanagement/aboutus/lawsandregs.shtml |access-date=2021-11-11 |website=www.fs.fed.us}}</ref> National Parks ne ke gudanar da National Park Service (NPS), wanda shine ofishin Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida (DOI). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-10-21 |title=National Park Service |url=https://www.doi.gov/hurricanesandy/nps |access-date=2021-11-11 |website=www.doi.gov |language=en}}</ref> Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka ta Amurka (USFS), wata hukuma ce ta Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka (USDA) ke kula da gandun daji na kasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.fs.fed.us/forestmanagement/aboutus/index.shtml |access-date=2021-11-11 |website=www.fs.fed.us}}</ref> == Tattalin Arziki == Sabbin manufofi sun sanya alhakin, da iko akan, kula da man fetur a hannun mutane masu sha'awar tattalin arziki da kuma Hukumar Kula da dazuzzuka. Ofishin kula da gandun daji yana kula da dukkan yanke shawara na samarwa da gudanarwa ta hanyar amincewa da ake buƙata da kuma kula da ka'idojin da samarwa da sarrafawa zasu iya faruwa.<ref name="r2">{{Cite web |date=1972-06-17 |title=Participation Without Representation: Chiefs, Councils and Forestry Law in the West African Sahel |url=https://www.culturalsurvival.org/ourpublications/csq/article/participation-without-representation-chiefs-councils-and-forestry-law-we |access-date=2016-11-30 |publisher=Cultural Survival}}</ref> Matsayin gandun daji masu zaman kansu ya kai sama da kashi 80 cikin 100 na samar da gandun daji a wasu ƙasashe. Koyaya, a cikin ƙasashe da yawa, gandun daji masu zaman kansu ba su taɓa kasancewa masu mahimmanci ba kuma, koda lokacin da aka mallaki ƙasa, jihar sau da yawa ta riƙe gandun daji. A yawancin [[Afirka]], mallakar ƙasa ta mutum tana da iyaka don haka kusanci mafi kusa da gandun daji mai zaman kansa yawanci gandun daji ne na al'umma (ko da yake [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da [[Eswatini]], a tsakanin sauran ƙasashe, suna da gonaki masu zaman kansu masu yawa). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Primmer |first=Eeva |last2=Karppinen |first2=Heimo |date=February 2010 |title=Professional judgment in non-industrial private forestry: Forester attitudes and social norms influencing biodiversity conservation |journal=Forest Policy and Economics |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=136–146 |doi=10.1016/j.forpol.2009.09.007}}</ref> Kwanan nan, dabi'un gandun daji na gona da na masu zaman kansu da gudanarwa sun kara sha'awar hukuma a cikin gandun daji masu zaman kansu. Ayyukan gandun daji ba bisa ka'ida ba suna hana gwamnatoci biliyoyin daloli a cikin kudaden shiga na haraji, da kuma haifar da lalacewar muhalli da barazana ga gandun daji.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kaimowitz |first=D. |date=September 2003 |title=Forest law enforcement and rural livelihoods |url=https://archive.org/details/international-forestry-review_2003-09_5_3/page/199 |journal=International Forestry Review |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=199–210 |doi=10.1505/IFOR.5.3.199.19146 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Cin hanci da rashawa da ke da alaƙa da gandun daji da kuma keta dokokin gandun daji yana lalata mulkin doka, yana hana saka hannun jari na halal, kuma yana ba da fa'idodi marasa adalci. An yi amfani da kuɗin da aka samar daga ayyukan gandun daji ba bisa ka'ida ba don tallafawa rikice-rikicen makamai.<ref name="r5" /> Damuwa game da yadda katako ba bisa ka'ida ba ke ba da gudummawa ga asarar gandun daji ya karu sosai tun daga shekarun 1980.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Palmer |first=C. |date=2001 |title=The extent and causes of illegal logging: an analysis of a major cause of tropical deforestation in Indonesia |url=http://www.cserge.ucl.ac.uk/publications.html |access-date=2022-03-28 |website=(CSERGE Working Papers ). Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment (CSERGE): London, UK. (2001) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121011530/http://www.cserge.ucl.ac.uk/publications.html |archive-date=2022-01-21 |url-status=dead}}</ref> An sami damar yin amfani da katako mai yawa da ke shiga kasuwannin ƙasa da na duniya, an girbe shi, an kai shi kuma an yi ciniki ta hanyar keta dokar ƙasa a ƙasashe kamar Bolivia, Brazil, Cambodia, Kamaru, Colombia, Honduras, Indonesia, Nicaragua, Peru, Philippines, da Rasha. [[Bankin Duniya]] (2002) ya kiyasta cewa katako ba bisa ka'ida ba yana haifar da asarar shekara-shekara kusan dala biliyan 10-15 a kasashe masu tasowa a duk duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sustaining Forests and Livelihoods in a Changing World |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2013/01/29/sustaining-forests-livelihoods-changing-world |access-date=2021-12-09 |website=World Bank |language=en}}</ref> Kodayake ana sa ran cewa ingantaccen shugabanci, karuwar karɓar haya ta jihar, da ingantaccen kula da gandun daji na iya amfana da matalauta ta hanyar kai tsaye, tasirin kai tsaye na katako ba bisa ka'ida ba da kuma aiwatar da dokar gandun daji a kan hanyoyin rayuwa na karkara ba su kasance la'akari da fifiko ba har zuwa yau.<ref name="r8" /> == Rayuwa == Hanyoyin da mutane ke amfani da gandun daji da darajar suna canzawa. Ƙaruwar yawan jama'a, canza al'ada, fasaha, da kimiyya suna ƙara buƙatar albarkatun gandun daji. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan an sake fasalin dokokin gandun daji a duniya don mayar da martani ga waɗannan canje-canje. Koyaya, rashin bayanai game da wanda ke amfani da gandun daji da gaske ya haifar da babbar matsala ga masu tsara manufofin gandun daji le hukumomin ci gaban tallafi waɗanda aka ba su umarnin karɓar tsarin matalauta. Ba tare da cikakkun bayanai ba ya zama da sauƙi don yin watsi da bukatun mutanen da ke da ƙarancin kuɗi yayin tsara matakan siyasa da nufin inganta kula da gandun daji ko tabbatar da dokar gandun daji.<ref name="r8" /> Wasu dokokin gandun daji musamman suna goyon bayan gidajen karkara matalauta da kabilun tsiraru. A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, gwamnatoci da yawa a Latin Amurka sun amince da haƙƙin' yan asalin ƙasar a kan manyan yankuna, amma' yan asalin ƙasa galibi suna da wahalar kare waɗancan yankuna daga mamayewar masu katako, masu hakar ma'adinai, da manoma.<ref name="r5" /> A cewar Bankin Duniya, "fiye da mutane biliyan 1.6 sun dogara da digiri daban-daban a kan gandun daji don rayuwarsu. Kimanin 'yan asalin miliyan 60 kusan sun dogara ne da gandun daji. Kimanan mutane miliyan 350 da ke zaune a ko kusa da gandun dajin da ke da yawa sun dogara da su har zuwa babban mataki don rayuwa da samun kudin shiga. A kasashe masu tasowa kimanin mutane biliyan 1.2 sun dogara da tsarin noma wanda ke taimakawa wajen ci gaba da samar da aikin gona da samun kudin kudin shiga.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Forests and poverty reduction |url=https://www.fao.org/forestry/livelihoods/en/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118041451/https://www.fao.org/forestry/livelihoods/en/ |archive-date=2021-11-18 |access-date=2021-12-09 |website=www.fao.org}}</ref> Schmithüsen et al., suna ba da shawara ga tsarin haƙƙin mallaka ga kula da gandun daji tare da jaddadawa kan karfafa hanyoyin sadarwar haƙƙin ɗan adam, inganta 'yancin kai na shari'a, inganta ilimin shari'a tsakanin al'ummomin karkara, da kuma samar da taimakon shari'a; maimakon mai da hankali kan dokokin gandun daji. Sun bayyana cewa ya kamata a haɗa tsarin da ya shafi haƙƙin da shirye-shiryen sake fasalin gwamnati da nufin ƙirƙirar lissafin jama'a da nuna gaskiya a cikin gudanar da albarkatun ƙasa kuma ya kamata a haɓaka ta hanyar matakai na haɗin kai tare da kungiyoyin jama'a kuma bisa ga alkawuran gwamnatocin ƙasa don sake fasalin dokar.<ref name="r8" /> Babban bangare na dokokin gandun daji yana mai da hankali kan bukatun gudanarwa, kudade, haraji, da haƙƙin mallaka.<ref name="r5" /> Sanar da haƙƙin rukuni na gargajiya ga wuraren da aka yi amfani da su, kamar gandun daji ko makiyaya har yanzu ba su da, duk da gwamnatoci ko ikon mulkin mallaka da ke gane da'awar mutum, bisa ga al'ada ko amfani, ga ƙasar da aka yi da ita don noma ko gidaje. a cewar Bankin Duniya. Ta hanyar bi da irin wannan ƙasar a matsayin "buhu" yayin aiwatar da haƙƙin daidaitawa, gwamnatoci a duk duniya sun ba da mallakar jihar na manyan wuraren gandun daji. == Matsi == Tilasta bin doka ita ce hanyar ƙarshe don samun bin doka. Akwai akalla hanyoyi uku don shawo kan matsalolin tabbatar da laifuffukan da suka faru a wurare masu nisa. Ɗaya shine mayar da hankali ga tilasta aiki a kan ayyukan da ke bayyane, kamar sufuri. Wani, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin dokar farar hula, shine ya sanya rahoton hukuma na jami'in da aka rantsar da shi a matsayin shaida a cikin ƙarin shari'a. Wannan ya sauya nauyin hujja ga wanda ake tuhuma. Na'urar ta uku ita ce amfani da zato na shaida, wanda kuma ke canza nauyin hujja ga wanda ake tuhuma. A kasashe da yawa bambancin tsakanin abin da dokar gandun daji ta tsara da aiwatarwa na iya bambanta. Ko da inda doka ta kasance mai ƙarfi, halayyar haramtacciyar ta jama'a da masu zaman kansu sau da yawa tana ci gaba. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayyana halayyar da ba ta dace ba saboda rashin kudi da albarkatun ɗan adam don saka idanu da sarrafa ayyukan gandun daji a cikin, sassan gandun daji. Kamar yadda waɗannan ayyukan gandun daji ke faruwa a yankuna masu nisa, jami'an gwamnati na iya kasancewa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba don yabonta keta doka, ko shiga cikin keta doka da kansu; tsarin kotuna sun lalace ko kuma sun fadi; matsalolin rayuwar yau da kullun ga matalautan karkara na iya mamaye duk wani haɗari da ke tattare da keta doka; da dai sauransu. Wadannan bayani sun jaddada batun cewa yayin da doka mai kyau ta gandun daji ta zama dole, a bayyane yake bai isa ba. Dokokin a kasashe da yawa ba a yi amfani da su ba ko kuma ba a yi musu amfani da su sosai ba saboda dalilai kamar gazawar niyyar siyasa, cibiyoyin da ba su da ƙarfi, ko ma rashin kula da mulkin doka. Hanyar sau biyu na masu zaman kansu da kuma tsarin shari'ar jama'a na iya zama mai ban sha'awa na zamani wanda ke inganta aiwatar da aiwatarwa: tsarin takardar shaidar doka mai zaman kanta na iya tallafawa ka'idojin jama'a (f.i. DDS, tsarin kulawa, kamar Dokar Itacen EU). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kistenkas |first=Frederik H. |date=9 October 2013 |title=Concurring Regulation in European Forest Law Forest Certification and the New EU Timber Regulation |journal=GAIA |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=166–168 |bibcode=2013GEPSS..22..166K |doi=10.14512/gaia.22.3.7 |id={{CORE output|29218583}}}}</ref> == Tarihi da ci gaba == Gudanar da gandun daji ya samo asali ne daga dokar al'ada da aka tsara a karni na 14. A shekara ta 1992, wakilan kasashe 180 sun hadu a [[Rio de Janeiro]] don yin la'akari, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, da amincewa da Yarjejeniyar kan Ka'idodin gandun daji.<ref name=":5" /> Sun amince da Yarjejeniyar kan Ka'idodin gandun daji, mai taken "Sanarwar hukuma mai mahimmanci na ka'idoji don yarjejeniyar duniya game da gudanarwa, kiyayewa da ci gaba mai ɗorewa na kowane nau'in gandun daji".<ref name="r1" /> Kayan gandun daji na kimiyya ya dogara ne akan daidaitattun ma'auni na rarraba da ƙarar itace a cikin wani yanki da aka ba shi, sare bishiyoyi, da kuma maye gurbin su da daidaitattun, da aka daidaita da kyau layuka na shuke-shuke na al'adu guda ɗaya waɗanda za a iya girbe su a lokutan da aka saita.<ref name="r1" /> Abubuwan da suka bayyana daga canje-canje na baya-bayan nan a cikin dokokin gandun daji da ka'idoji a kasashe da yawa na Turai suna nuna hanyoyi daban-daban kuma ana iya yin hukunci daga ra'ayoyi daban-daban. Ka'idojin da suka dace don bincike kan ci gaban doka sune daidaito, cikakke, subsidiarity, da aikace-aikace. Daidaitawa yana buƙatar jituwa da ka'idojin gandun daji tare da dabi'un tsarin mulki da ka'idodin dimokuradiyya, tare da manufofi na ƙasa da ke magance amfani da ƙasa, ci gaban tattalin arziki da kariya ta muhalli, da kuma alkawuran kasa da kasa da yarjejeniyoyin da yawa. Fahimta tana nufin manufofin dokokin gandun daji dangane da kariya ta gandun daji da ci gaban gandun daji, ga nau'ikan lokuta daban-daban na gandun daji. Subsidiarity yana da alaƙa da rawar da gandun daji ke takawa a matsayin albarkatun ƙasa, yanki da na gida. Har ila yau, yana da alaƙa da yanayin gandun daji sau biyu kamar yadda samar da masu zaman kansu ke nufin cewa za a iya amfani da shi bisa ga yanke shawara na masu mallakar ƙasa da kuma albarkatun da ke ba da fa'idodi da yawa ga al'umma. Subsidiarity yana nuna yadda shirye-shiryen jama'a ke tallafawa ayyukan masu mallakar ƙasa. Aikace-aikacen yana nufin musamman ga tsarin tsari na hukumomin gandun daji na jama'a dangane da canza nauyin da ayyuka, da kuma hanyoyin da suka dace na shiga masu mallakar gandun daji da kungiyoyin masu sha'awar tsara amfani da gandun daji. Haɗin ƙwarewa tsakanin ƙungiyoyin jama'a wani muhimmin al'amari ne wajen kimanta aikace-aikacen sabbin ƙa'idodi ko gyare-gyare.<ref name="r8" /> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin nau'ikan gandun daji da aka tsara * Dajin sarauta * Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona a Faransa == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0dsjwcoxzrwttvnd8ds1pgnbg701ci8 0 30235 961550 910149 2026-10-01T20:09:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961550 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[File:Grave of Dmitry Bortniansky.jpg|thumb|hoton kabarin dmitry]] '''Dmitry Stepanovich Bortniansky''' <ref>[https://books.google.de/books?id=sy8rDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA105&dq=%22Dmitry+Bortniansky%22&hl=en&sa=X#v=onepage&q=%22Dmitry%20Bortniansky%22&f=false Ritzarev, Marina: Eighteenth-Century Russian Music. London and New York: Routledge, 2016. P. 105.]</ref> <ref>[https://books.google.de/books?id=6tK4l7lEepcC&pg=PA226&dq=%22Dmitry+Bortniansky%22&hl=en&sa=X#v=onepage&q=%22Dmitry%20Bortniansky%22&f=false The Cambridge History of Music]</ref> ( yaren {{Lang-ru|Дмитрий Степанович Бортнянский}}, yaren Ukraine ; madadin fassarar sunayen sune ''Dmitri Bortnianskii'', da ''Bortnyansky'' ; 28 Oktoba 1751, a Glukhov <ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/literature-and-arts/music-history-composers-and-performers-biographies/dmitri-stepanovich The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music]</ref> <ref>[https://books.google.de/books?id=sy8rDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA105&dq=%22Glukhov%22+bortnyansky&hl=de&sa=X#v=onepage&q=%22Glukhov%22%20bortnyansky&f=false Ritzarev, Marina: Eighteenth-Century Russian Music. London and New York: Routledge, 2016. P. 105.]</ref> <ref>[https://books.google.de/books?id=EixLAAAAYAAJ&q=%22glukhov%22+bortnyansky&dq=%22glukhov%22+bortnyansky&hl=de&sa=X History of Russian Church Music, 988-1917. Brill, 1982. P. 94.]</ref> - 10 October [ , a [[Saint-Petersburg|St. Petersburg]] ) <ref>{{Cite web |title=HymnTime |url=http://www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/b/o/r/bortniansky_ds.htm |access-date=2022-03-16 |archive-date=2010-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209100504/http://www.hymntime.com/tch/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> dan Rasha ne <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060205115842/http://www.bartleby.com/65/bo/Bortnian.html Dmitry Stepanovich Bortniansky (The Columbia Encyclopedia)]</ref> da kuma Ukrainian mawaki, mawaƙa da madugu wanda ya yi aiki a kotun Catherine Great . Bortniansky ya kasance mai mahimmanci ga tarihin kiɗa na Ukraine da Rasha, tare da al'ummomin biyu suna da'awar shi a matsayin nasu. Bortniansky, wanda aka kwatanta da Palestrina, <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=6tK4l7lEepcC&pg=PA226&dq=%22Dmitry+Bortniansky%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiWxO6h19bfAhXGpIsKHXbqAS0Q6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22Dmitry%20Bortniansky%22&f=false Rzhevsky, Nicholas: The Cambridge Companion to Modern Russian Culture. Cambridge 1998. P. 239.]</ref> an san shi a yau don muhimman gudunmawarsa ga nau'in wasan kwaikwayo na choral. Ya kasance daya daga cikin "Golden Three" na zamaninsa, tare da Artemy Vedel da Maxim Berezovsky. Bortniansky ya kasance sananne sosai a cikin daular Rasha cewa an wakilta adadi a cikin 1862 a cikin abin tunawa na tagulla na Millennium na Rasha a cikin Novgorod Kremlin. Ya tsara nau'ikan kiɗa daban-daban da yawa, gami da waƙoƙin waƙoƙi a cikin [[Faransanci]], [[Italiyanci]], [[Harshen Latin|Latin]], Jamusanci da Slavonic Church. == Tarihin Rayuwa == === dalibi === An haifi Dmitry Bortniansky a ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba, shekarar alif 1751, a garin Glukhov, <ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/literature-and-arts/music-history-composers-and-performers-biographies/dmitri-stepanovich The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music]</ref> Cossack Hetmanate, Daular Russia ([[Ukraniya|Ukraine]] ta yau). Mahaifinsa shi ne Stefan Skurat (ko Shkurat), ɗan gudun hijira na addini na Lemko-Rusyn Orthodox daga ƙauyen Bartne a yankin Malopolska na [[Poland]]. Skurat yayi aiki a matsayin Cossack karkashin Kirill Razumovsky ; An shigar da shi a cikin rajistar Cossack a cikin 1755. Mahaifiyar Dmitry 'yar asalin Cossack ce; Sunanta bayan aurenta na farko shine Marina Dmitrievna Tolstaya, a matsayin gwauruwar wani mai gidan Rasha Tolstoy, wanda ke zaune a Glukhov . Sa’ad da yake ɗan shekara bakwai, ƙwararren gwanin Dmitry a ƙungiyar mawaƙa na cocin ya ba shi damar zuwa babban birnin daular kuma ya rera waƙa tare da mawakan Imperial Chapel a [[Saint-Petersburg|St. Petersburg]] . Dan'uwan Dmitry Ivan Tolstoy shi ma ya rera waka tare da Imperial Chapel Choir. <ref>[https://books.google.de/books?id=xcgvAAAAMAAJ&q=%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9&dq=%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjzm47739vhAhUsxIsKHRcWAmAQ6AEIKTAA Kovalev, Konstantin: Bortniansky. Moscow 1998. P. 34.]</ref> A can Dmitry ya yi karatun kiɗa da abun ciki a ƙarƙashin darektan ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Imperial Chapel, masanin Italiyanci Baldassare Galuppi . Lokacin da Galuppi ya tafi [[Italiya]] a shekarar alif 1769, ya ɗauki yaron tare da shi. A Italiya, Bortniansky ya sami babban nasara wajen hada operas : ''Creonte'' (1776) da ''Alcide'' (1778) a [[Venezia|Venice]], da ''Quinto Fabio'' (1779) a Modena. Ya kuma tsara ayyuka masu tsarki a cikin Latin da Jamusanci, duka cappella kuma tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa (ciki har da ''Ave Maria'' don muryoyi biyu da makaɗa). === Jagora === [[File:Grave_of_Dmitry_Bortniansky.jpg|thumb| Kabarin Bortniansky a [[Saint-Petersburg]]]] Bortniansky ya koma Kotun Saint-Petersburg Capella a shekara ta 1779 kuma ya bunƙasa da kirkira. Ya hada aƙalla ƙarin operas guda huɗu (duk cikin Faransanci, tare da libretti na Franz-Hermann Lafermière ): ''Le Faucon'' (1786), ''La fête du seigneur'' (1786), ''Don Carlos'' (1786), da ''Le fils-kishiya ou La moderne Stratonice.'' (1787). Bortniansky ya rubuta ayyuka masu yawa na kayan aiki a wannan lokacin, ciki har da piano sonatas, piano quintet tare da garaya, da kuma sake zagayowar waƙoƙin Faransanci. Ya kuma hada kiɗan liturgical na Ikilisiyar Orthodox na Gabas, yana haɗa nau'ikan Gabas da Yammacin Turai na kiɗa mai tsarki, wanda ya haɗa da polyphony da ya koya a Italiya; Wasu ayyuka sun kasance polychoral, ta yin amfani da salon da ya fito daga fasahar polychoral na Venetian na Gabrielis . Bayan wani lokaci, Bortniansky ya kasance mai girma don yin watsi da shi, kuma a cikin 1796 an nada shi Daraktan mawaƙa na Imperial Chapel, darekta na farko daga Daular Rasha. Tare da irin wannan babban kayan aiki a hannun sa, ya samar da ƙididdiga akan ƙididdiga masu yawa, gami da ayyukan addini sama da 100, kade- kade na alfarma (35 don gaurayewar ƙungiyar mawaƙa mai kashi huɗu, 10 don waƙoƙin waƙa biyu), cantatas, da waƙoƙin yabo . Bortniansky ya mutu a St. An canza gawarsa zuwa gidan sufi na Alexander Nevsky a cikin karni na 20. == Wakokin da bari == A shekara ta alif 1882, Pyotr Tchaikovsky ya gyara ayyukan liturgic na Bortniansky, wanda aka buga a cikin littattafai goma. Bortniansky ya rubuta wasan operas da wake-wake, amma ayyukan wakokinsa masu tsarki ana yin su a yau. Wannan babban aikin ya kasance tsakiya ba kawai don fahimtar kiɗan Orthodox na ƙarni na 18 ba, amma kuma ya zama abin ƙarfafawa ga ƴan uwansa mawakan Yukren a ƙarni na 19. Waƙar da ya rubuta a harshen Latin ''Tantum Ergo'' daga ƙarshe ya zama sananne a ƙasashen Slavic da ''Коль славен (Kol slaven)'', wanda a cikinsa har yanzu ana rera ta a matsayin waƙar coci a yau. Har ila yau waƙar ta shahara tare da masu zaman kansu . Ya yi tafiya zuwa ƙasashe masu jin [[Turanci]] kuma an san shi da sunayen ''Rasha'', ''St. Petersburg'' ko ''Wells'' . A [[Jamus]], an haɗa waƙar tare da rubutu ta Gerhard Tersteegen kuma ya zama sanannen chorale da al'ada na al'ada na bikin soja ''Großer Zapfenstreich (Grand Tattoo)'', mafi girman bikin na sojojin Jamus, wanda aka ba shi a matsayin girmamawa ga fitattun mutane. mutane a lokuta na musamman. Kafin juyin juya halin watan Oktoba, a shekara ta alif 1917, waƙar ta Moscow Kremlin carillon kowace rana da tsakar rana. James Blish, wanda ya ba da labarin jerikan asali na ''Star Trek'', an lura da shi a cikin labari daya, ''Wanda Allah'' ya halaka, cewa Bortniansky's ''Ich bete an die Macht der Liebe'' shine taken "wanda duk azuzuwan Starfleet Academy suka yi tafiya zuwa kammala karatunsu." Bortniansky yayi sautin "The Angel Greeted the Gracious One" (waƙar yabo ga Uwar Allah da aka yi amfani da shi a Pascha) a matsayin majami'u uku da yawancin majami'un Orthodox ke amfani da su a lokacin Easter . == Tasiri == [[File:1000_Bortniansky.jpg|thumb| " Millennium na Rasha " abin tunawa a Veliky Novgorod wanda ke nuna Bortniansky]] Ayyukan Bortnyansky sun yi tasiri sosai a kan cigaban kiɗan Ukrainian da na Rasha. Kusan rabin karni na rayuwar Bortnyansky an hade shi da ilimin kiɗa, tare da mafi mahimmancin matakai na samuwar al'adun kiɗa a Rasha, saboda abin da ya zama mawallafin Rasha a Rasha. <ref> [http://www.kkovalev.ru/Bortnian_Ukraina.htm Проблемы «украинизации» творчества и имени композитора Д.&nbsp;С.&nbsp;Бортнянского]</ref> A cewar masanin kida na Rasha B. Asafyev, "Bortnyansky ya ci gaba da salon salon da ya dace, wanda ya ci gaba da yin tasiri ga al'ummomi masu zuwa. Wadannan roko na al'ada ba kawai sun isa Mikhail Glinka ba, har ma Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, da Alexander Borodin ". <ref>Asafiev. Complete collection of works. Vol.1&nbsp;— М. 1954.&nbsp;— p.&nbsp;125 [in Russian]</ref> A lokaci guda, a farkon shekarun 1920, aikin Bortnyansky ya zama batun kulawa na musamman na mawakan Ukrainian. Stanislav Lyudkevych 's labarin "D. Bortnyansky da Contemporary wakar Ukraine" (1925) kira ga Ukrainian mawaƙa don inganta hadisai kafa Bortnyansky, "don nutse zurfi da kuma sosai a cikin babban al'adu taskar mayar da hankali a Bortnyansky ta ayyukan, don nemo kafofin. a cikinsa da ginshikan farfaɗowar mu”. A al'adance, mawakin kasar Ukraine ya jaddada yin amfani da intonations na Ukrainian mutãne songs a choral aiki, tun lokacin da mawaki ta farko m ra'ayi da aka samu a Ukraine, Ukrainians kuma mafi yawan abokan Bortnyansky a cikin mawaƙa da kuma malaminsa Marko Poltoratsky . Musamman, Lydia Korniy ta lura: <ref>Korniy L. History of Ukrainian music. Vol.2 .Kyiv; Kharkiv, New-York: M.&nbsp;P.&nbsp;Kotz, 1998.&nbsp;— p.244 [in Ukrainian]</ref> * [[File:Bortnyanskiy DS.jpg|thumb|Dmitry Bortniansky]]Hali don waƙoƙin Ukrainian suna saukowa lyrical na shida V - VII # - I digiri (misali na kide kide da wake-wake: № 13, ƙarshen sashin II, da № 28, ƙarshe) * juzu'i na yau da kullun tare da raguwa na huɗu tsakanin digiri na III da VII # a ƙarami, * na yau da kullun don waƙoƙin waƙoƙin makoki na makoki tare da haɓaka na biyu tsakanin III da IV # digiri a kanana. Lyudkevych kuma ya lura da sautukan Ukraine a cikin ayyukan Bortnyansky: {{quote|although he adopted the manners of the Italian style and became a reformer of church singing in St. Petersburg, nevertheless, all his works (even with such disgusting to our spirit "fugues") hid so much typically Ukrainian melody that because of it he just now became unpopular Muscovites, and every foreigner from the first time hears in them something unknown to himself, original<ref>Ludkewicz S. (1905)[https://composer.ucoz.ua/load/naukovi_statti/naukovi_statti_ukrajinskikh_avtoriv/ljudkevich_1905_nacionalizm_u_muzici/65-1-0-498 Nationalism іn music] In S. Liudkevych. Doslidzhennia, statti, retsenzii, vystupy [S. Lyudkevich. Research, articles, reviews, speeches] (1999): Vol. 1, p.39</ref>}} An lura da tasirin aikin Bortnyansky a cikin ayyukan mawaƙa na Ukrainian Mykola Lysenko, Kyrylo Stetsenko, M. Verbytsky, [[Mykola Leontovych]], M. Dremlyuga, Levko Revutsky, K. Dominchen, B. Lyatoshynsky, da sauransu. == Ayyuka == === Wasannin Opera === :* ''Creonte'' (1776 [[Venezia|Venice]] ) :* ''Alcide'' (1778 Venice) :* ''Quinto Fabio'' (1779 Modena ) :* ''Le faucon'' (1786 Gatchina a cikin Faransanci, tare da libertto na Franz-Hermann Lafermière ) :* ''La Fête du seigneur'' <ref>{{In lang|ru}} "[http://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/kultura_i_obrazovanie/muzyka/BORTNYANSKI_DMITRI_STEPANOVICH.html Бортнянский, Дмитрий Степанович] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114053456/http://krugosvet.ru/enc/kultura_i_obrazovanie/muzyka/BORTNYANSKI_DMITRI_STEPANOVICH.html |date=2012-11-14 }}". ''[http://www.krugosvet.ru/ Krugosvet Encyclopedia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090813200639/http://www.krugosvet.ru/ |date=2009-08-13 }}''</ref> (1786 Pavlovsk a Faransanci, tare da libretto na Franz-Hermann Lafermière) :* ''Don Carlos'' (1786 [[Saint-Petersburg|St Petersburg]] a Faransanci, tare da libertto ta Franz-Hermann Lafermière) :* ''Le Fils-Kishiya ou La Moderne Stratonice'' (1787 Pavlovsk a Faransanci, tare da libretto na Franz-Hermann Lafermière) === Amshi (a cikin Old Church Slavonic) === :* ''Da ispravitsia molitva moja'' ("Bari Addu'ata Ta Tashi") no. 2. :* ''Kjeruvimskije pjesni'' (Waƙoƙin Cherubic) nos. 1-7 :* Concerto No. 1: ''Vospoitje Gospodjevi'' ("Waƙa ga Ubangiji") :* Concerto No. 6: ''Slava vo vyshnikh Bogu, y na zemli mir'' ("Ɗaukaka ga Allah a cikin mafi ɗaukaka, da salama a duniya") :* Concerto No. 7: ''Priiditje, vozradujemsja Gospodjevi'' ("Zo Mu Yi Murna") :* Concerto No. 9: ''Sei djen', jego zhe Gospodi, konchinu moju'' :* Concerto No. 11: ''Blagoslovjen Gospod''' ("Albarka tā tabbata ga Ubangiji") :* Concerto No. 15: ''Priiditje, vospoim, ljudije'' :* Concerto No. 18: ''Blago jest ispovjedatsja'' ("Yana da kyau a yabi Ubangiji", Zabura 92) :* Concerto No. 19: ''Rjechje Gospod' Gospodjevi mojemu'' ("Ubangiji Ya Ce wa Ubangijina", Zabura 110) :* Concerto Na 21: ''Zhyvyi v pomoshshi Vyshnjago'' ("Mai Zama", Zabura 91) :* Concerto No. 24: ''Vozvjedokh ochi moi v gory'' ("Na Daga Idanuna Zuwa Duwatsu") :* Concerto No. 27: ''Glasom moim ko Gospodu vozzvakh'' ("Da Muryata Na yi kuka ga Ubangiji") :* Concerto No. 32: ''Skazhy mi, Gospodi, konchinu moju'' ("Ubangiji, Ka Sanar Da Ni Ƙarshe") :* Concerto No. 33: ''Vskuju priskorbna jesi dusha moja'' ("Me yasa Ka Raina, Ya Raina?" , Zabura 42:5. === Sautukan Concerto-Symphony === :* Concerto-Symphony na Piano, Harp, Violins Biyu, Viola da gamba, Cello da Bassoon a cikin B Flat Major (1790). === Quintet === :* Quintet for Piano, Harp, Violin, Viola da gamba and Cello (1787). == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} === Littattafai === * {{Cite book |last=Ritzarev |first=Marina |year=2006 |title=Eighteenth-Century Russian Music |url=https://archive.org/details/eighteenthcentur0000ryts |publisher=(Ashgate) |isbn=978-0-7546-3466-9}} * {{Cite book |last=Bortniansky |first=D. S. |title=Светские произведения |year=2020 |trans-title=Secular Works |editor-last=Chuvashov |editor-first=A. V. |edition=2 |lang=ru |url=http://www.m-planet.ru/?id=20&detail=724 |isbn=978-5-8114-3498-5}} * {{Cite book |last=Chuvashov |first=A. V. |year=2020 |title=Из фондов Кабинета рукописей Российского института истории искусств: Статьи и Сообщения |trans-title=From the Cabinet of Manuscripts of the Russian Institute of Art History: Articles and Communications |pages=21–119 |editor-last=Shcheglova |editor-first=E. P. |lang=ru |url=http://artcenter.ru/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Kabinet_rukopisej_7.pdf |isbn=978-5-86845-254-3}} * {{Cite journal |last=Chuvashov |first=A. V. |year=2021 |title=Неизвестная оратория Д. С. Бортнянского на текст П. Метастазио |trans-title=Unknown oratorio by D. S. Bortnyansky on the text by P. Metastasio. |journal=Временник Зубовского Института |trans-journal=Annals of the Zubov Institute |volume=1 |number=32 |pages=60–67 |lang=ru |url=https://artcenter.ru/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Vremennik_2021_0132.pdf |issn=2221-8130}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060205115842/http://www.bartleby.com/65/bo/Bortnian.html Bortniansky, Dmitri Stepanovich] in Columbia Encyclopedia * [http://www.kkovalev.ru/Kovalev-Bortniansky-text.htm Bortniansky: Babban tarihin rayuwa a cikin Rashanci] na [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928121119/http://www.kkovalev.com/english.htm Konstantin Kovalev (Константин Ковалев) - Eng.] da [http://www.kkovalev.ru/Bortniansky-eng.htm Duk game da Dmitry Bortniansky + Kuskure na yau da kullun a cikin tarihin mawaƙa (lokacin yanzu) - Eng.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223105218/http://www.kkovalev.ru/Bortniansky-eng.htm |date=2024-02-23 }} * [http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/pages/B/O/BortnianskyDmytro.htm Bortniansky, Dmytro] a cikin [http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com Encyclopedia na Ukraine] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724145349/http://www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/b/o/r/bortniansky_ds.htm Bortniansky, Dmitri Stepanovich] a cikin [https://web.archive.org/web/20100209100504/http://www.hymntime.com/tch/ The Cyber Hymnal] * [http://www.karadar.com/Dictionary/bortniansky.html Bortniansky, Dmitri Stepanovich] a cikin [http://www.karadar.com/Default.htm Karadar Classical Music] * [http://www.musicusbortnianskii.com/ Musicus Bortnianskii], ƙungiyar mawaƙa daga Toronto wanda ya ƙware a aikin Bortniansky da bincike. * Free scores by Dmitry Bortniansky * Maki na kyauta Free scores by Dmytro Bortniansky Aikin Laburaren * The ya tsara * [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLLDOepngqwAUgprl3RgM5-f6dETqCk2qM Choral Concerti wanda The Bortniansky Chamber Choir, Chernihiv ya yi (VIDEO)] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Mawakan karni na 19]] [[Category:Mutanen Hlukhiv]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1751]] [[Category:Mutuwar 1852]] [[Category:Mawakan gargaiya a karni na]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3ucq993mlyihhaf7h4qh888cd9o5qw5 0 30297 961382 482658 2026-10-01T12:21:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961382 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Patent law}} '''Cin zarafin Hakkin mallaka''' shine kaddamar da wani haramtaccen aiki game da kirkira Hakkin mallaka ba tare da izini daga mai rike da Hakkin mallaka ba. Ana iya ba da izini yawanci ta hanyar lasisi . Sannan Kuma Ma'anar ketare Hakkin mallaka na iya bambanta ta hanyar hurumi, amma yawanci ya hada da amfani ko siyar da Ƙirƙirar Haƙƙin mallaka. A cikin kasashe da yawa, ana bukatar amfani don zama ''kasuwanci'' (ko don samun manufar ''kasuwanci'' ) don zama ketare ikon mallaka.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2008}} An ayyana iyakar Ƙirƙirar Haƙƙin mallaka ko iyakar kariya a cikin ikirarin da aka ba da Haƙƙin mallaka. Kuma Ma'ana, sharuddan da'awar suna sanar da jama'a abin da ba a yarda da shi ba tare da izinin mai Haƙƙin mallaka ba. Halayen Haƙƙin mallaka yanki ne, kuma cin zarafi ba zai yiwu ba ne kawai a cikin ƙasar da ake aiki da Haƙƙin mallaka. Misali, idan an ba da Haƙƙin mallaka a Amurka, sannan Kuma to duk wani mutum a kasar Amurka an hana shi yin, amfani, sayarwa ko shigo da abin da aka mallaka, yayin da mutane a wasu ƙasashe na iya samun ’yancin yin amfani da Ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira a ƙasarsa. Iyakar kariyar na iya bambanta daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa, saboda ana bincika alamar Hakkin mallaka - ko a wasu ƙasashe ba a bincikar su sosai - ta ofishin Hakkin mallaka a kowace ƙasa ko yanki kuma yana iya kasancewa karkashin bukatun ikon mallaka daban-daban. == Bayanin == Yawanci, ƙungiya (banda mai Haƙƙin mallaka ko mai lasisi na mai mallakar Hakkin mallaka) wanda ke kera, shigo da shi, amfani, siyarwa, ko bayar da siyar da fasahar Haƙƙin mallaka ba tare da izini/lasisi Kuma daga mai Hakkin mallaka ba, a cikin wa'adin Hakkin mallaka da kuma cikin kasar da ta bayar. patent, ana la'akari da keta Hakkin mallaka. Gwajin ya bambanta daga kasa zuwa ƙasa, amma gaba daya yana bukatar samfurin bangaren da ya keta (ko hanya, sabis, da sauransu) ya fadi cikin daya ko fiye na ikirarin ikon mallaka. Tsarin da ake amfani da shi ya kunshi ƙunshi "karanta" da'awar akan fasahar sha'awa. Idan an sami duk abubuwan da'awar a cikin fasaha, sannan da'awar an ce "karanta" fasahar; idan kashi daya daga cikin da'awar ya bace daga fasaha, da'awar ba ta karanta a zahiri akan fasaha ba kuma fasahar gaba daya ba ta keta Haƙƙin Hakkin mallaka dangane da waccan da'awar, sai dai idan an yi la'akari da koyaswar daidaitawa . Dangane da zarge-zargen cin zarafi, wanda ake zargi da laifin keta haddi yakan tabbatar da daya ko fiye daga cikin masu zuwa: * cewa ba ta aiwatar da Ƙirƙirar Haƙƙin mallaka ba, watau Kirkirar da aka yi da'awar a cikin Hakkin mallaka (da'awar ta fayyace iyakar kariyar da wani Hakkin mallaka ke bayarwa); * cewa ba ta yin duk wani aiki na cin zarafi a cikin yankin da ke karkashin ikon mallaka (hakika Hakkin mallaka na yanki ne); * cewa Hakkin mallaka ya Kare (tun da ikon mallaka yana da kayyadaddun ikon mallaka, watau iyakacin rayuwa); * cewa Hakkin mallaka (ko takamaiman da'awar da ake zargin an keta) ba shi da inganci, saboda Kirkirar da ake magana a kai ba ta cika bukatun Hakkin mallaka ba ko kuma ya hada da nakasu na yau da kullun, wannan yana mai da ikon mallakar ya zama mara inganci ko ba a iya aiwatar da shi; * cewa ya sami lasisi a ƙarƙashin patent. Hakanan ɓangarorin na iya warware takaddamarsu a cikin sulhu, wanda zai iya hada da yarjejeniyar lasisi, kamar yarjejeniyar ba da lasisi . Kuma Masu zaman kansu kauyuka na iya ba ko da yaushe bauta wa jama'a sha'awa, "saboda shari'ar lamban kira rigingimu zuwa kammala o Karin tabbatar da samar da tabbatacce externalities, sannan ta bayyana da iyaka da lamban kira kariya idan da lamban kira da aka kiyaye ko ƙarfafa faɗi amfani da bidi'a idan lamban kira ya lalace". === Cin zarafi kai tsaye === A cikin wasu hukunce-hukuncen, akwai wani lamari na musamman na keta Hakkin mallaka wanda ake kira "indirect infringement." Kuma Za a iya cin zarafi kai tsaye, misali, lokacin da aka yi da'awar na'ura a cikin Hakkin mallaka kuma wani bangare na uku ya ba da samfur wanda za'a iya amfani da shi kawai don yin na'urar da'awar. == Doka == === Ostiraliya === A Ostiraliya, cin zarafin haƙƙin mallaka yana faruwa ne lokacin da mutum, wanda ba shi ba, sannan ya yi amfani ko ba da izini ga wani mutum ya yi amfani da haƙƙin mallaka da ake tambaya. <ref>[http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/pa1990109/s13.html ''Patents Act 1990'' (Cth) s 3(1).]</ref> 'Amfani' a cikin wannan mahallin ya haɗa da: <ref>[http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/pa1990109/sch1.html Ibid sch 1.]</ref> * (i) Yi, hayar, siyarwa ko kuma zubar da wani Hakkin mallaka; ko * (ii) Bayar don yin, siyarwa, hayar ko in ba haka ba zubar da samfur mai haƙƙin mallaka; ko * (iii) Yi amfani ko shigo da samfurin haƙƙin mallaka; ko * (iv) A kiyaye shi don dalilai na yin (i), (ii) ko (iii); ko * (v) Yi amfani da Hakkin mallaka ko tsari; ko * (vi) Yi duk wani aiki da aka ambata daga (i) zuwa (iv) a sama dangane da samfurin da ya samo asali daga amfani da wata hanya ko tsari. === Kanada === A [[Kanada]], Kididdiga ta Patent tana gudanar da Hakkin mallaka, kuma an taƙaita Hakkokin mai Hakkin mallaka a s. 42: Ta hanyar samar da kayan aikin mallaka na musamman, sannan gata da 'yanci na yin, gini ne da cewa duk wani mutum yin, ko kuma sayar da sabuwar hali na da ke haifar da cewa yana nuna cewa patent. Ko an sami keta haƙƙin mallaka yawanci tambaya ce ta gaskiya . Ana ɗaukar Kanada a matsayin mafi abota ga masu haƙƙin mallaka fiye da na Amurka, saboda babban bambance-bambance tsakanin hukunce-hukuncen biyu: :* Patents a Kanada suna ƙarƙashin wani m gini, wanda ya dogara a kan karanta biyu da'awar da kuma bayani dalla-dalla domin sanin ikon yinsa, da ikon mallakar, da extrinsic shaida ba a yarda, kai ga rashi na tuhuma tarihi estoppel . :* Yayin da alkalai ke sauraron shari'ar mallakar haƙƙin mallaka na Amurka, alkali ne kawai ke sauraren shari'ar Kanada, don haka ana yin iƙirarin iƙirarin haƙƙin mallaka na Kanada sau ɗaya kawai a matsayin wani ɓangare na hukuncin da alkali mai shari'a ya yanke kan ingancin shari'ar gaba ɗaya. Dangane da haka, Kotun daukaka kara ta Tarayya ta yanke hukuncin cewa ba a yarda da kararrakin Markman a karkashin dokar Kanada. :* A Kanada, mai nema ba shi da wani takalifi don bayyana kayan kafin fasaha, don haka ba za a iya ɓarna abubuwan haƙƙin mallaka ba akan haka. :* Irin wannan rashin takalifi kuma yana nufin cewa dokar ''gasa'' ba za ta shigo cikin wasa ba, sabanin abin da ke faruwa tare da dokar hana amana a Amurka. :* Tsarin gano Kanada ya fi tsarin tsarin Amurka, wanda ya haifar da ƙarancin farashi da lokaci wajen aiwatar da ƙarar, kuma yana da wata ƙa'idar aiki mai ma'ana, hana amfani da bayanan da aka samarwa ko bayyana a cikin ganowa daga kowace manufa banda shari'ar da ake ciki yanzu ( banda izinin kotu). :* Dokokin Kanada sun ba mai ƙara damar zaɓar don neman ko dai diyya ko lissafin riba, wanda zai iya zama ko dai ya zama abin hana cin zarafi ko kuma abin ƙarfafawa don cimma matsaya kafin shari'a. :* Samuwar farashi a kotunan Kanada babbar fa'ida ce ga mai shigar da kara yana da kwarin guiwar samun nasara, amma kuma yana hana bin wasu kararraki masu hasashe. :* Ba a bayar da lamuni na kututture a kotunan Kanada, kuma ba a yi yuwuwar bayar da diyya ta hukunci ba. === Turai === A cikin [[Turai]], cin zarafin haƙƙin mallaka na haƙƙin mallaka na ƙasa da haƙƙin mallaka na Turai da gaske ne kotunan ƙasa ke aiwatar da su. Sannna Ko da yake ana ba da haƙƙin mallaka na Turai ta Ofishin Ba da Lamuni na Turai, waɗannan jagorar haƙƙin mallaka na Turai ana aiwatar da su a matakin ƙasa, watau a kowace ƙasa. Yawancin ƙasashe memba na [[Tarayyar Turai]] sun amince su kafa tsarin ikon mallakar ƙasa (wanda a da ake kira Community patent ), Kuma bisa ga abin da haƙƙin mallaka za su kasance a tsakiya a gaban Kotun Haɗin Kan Haɗin Kai . Koyaya, rubutun doka masu dacewa ba su fara aiki ba tukuna. === Japan === An bayyana cin zarafi a ƙarƙashin dokar haƙƙin mallaka a [[Japan]] ta hanyar Mataki na ashirin da 101 na Dokar Haɓaka (Dokar 121 ta shekarata 1959), <ref>[http://www.cas.go.jp/jp/seisaku/hourei/data/PA.pdf Patent Act in Japan]</ref> wanda ke nuna waɗannan ayyukan za a ɗauka su zama cin zarafi na haƙƙin haƙƙin mallaka ko keɓaɓɓen lasisi: * (i) inda aka ba da izinin ƙirƙira samfur, ayyukan samarwa, sanyawa, da dai sauransu, shigo da kaya ko bayar da aiki, da dai sauransu duk wani samfurin da za a yi amfani da shi kawai don samar da wannan samfurin a matsayin kasuwanci; * (ii) inda aka ba da izinin ƙirƙira samfur, ayyukan samarwa, sanyawa, da dai sauransu, shigo da ko bayar da aiki, da dai sauransu kowane samfur (ban da waɗanda aka rarraba a cikin Japan) don amfani da su don samarwa samfurin da aka ce kuma ba makawa don magance matsalar ta hanyar ƙirƙira a matsayin kasuwanci, sanin cewa ƙirƙirar da aka ce ƙirƙira ce ta haƙƙin mallaka kuma samfurin da aka faɗi ana amfani da shi don aikin ƙirar; * (iii) inda aka ba da haƙƙin mallaka don ƙirƙirar tsari, Kuma ayyukan samarwa, sanyawa, da dai sauransu, shigo da kaya ko bayar da aiki, da dai sauransu duk wani samfurin da za a yi amfani da shi na musamman don amfani da wannan tsarin azaman kasuwanci; kuma * (iv) inda aka ba da izini don ƙirƙirar tsari, ayyukan samarwa, sanyawa, da dai sauransu, shigo da ko bayar da aiki, da dai sauransu kowane samfur (ban da waɗanda aka rarraba a cikin Japan) don amfani da su don amfani da Hanyar da aka fada kuma ba makawa don magance matsalar ta hanyar kirkirar da aka ambata, sannan sanin cewa wannan ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira ce ta haƙƙin mallaka kuma samfurin da aka faɗi ana amfani da shi don yin aikin ƙirƙira azaman kasuwanci. === Ƙasar Ingila === An fayyace cin zarafi a ƙarƙashin dokar mallakar [[Birtaniya|mallaka ta United Kingdom]] ta [https://web.archive.org/web/20080928083039/http://ukpatents.wikispaces.com/ Sashe na 60] na Dokar Ba da [https://web.archive.org/web/20080928083039/http://ukpatents.wikispaces.com/ Lamuni ta Burtaniya 1977] (kamar yadda aka gyara), wanda ya tsara nau'ikan cin zarafi masu zuwa: * Inda abin ƙirƙira wani samfuri ne, ta hanyar yin, zubarwa, miƙawa don zubar, amfani, shigo da ko adana haƙƙin mallaka. * Inda ƙirƙira wani tsari ne, ta amfani, ko tayin amfani inda aka san cewa amfani da tsarin zai zama ƙeta. Hakanan, ta hanyar zubar, tayin zubar, amfani ko shigo da samfurin da aka samu kai tsaye ta hanyar wannan tsari, ko kiyaye kowane irin wannan samfur na zubarwa ko akasin haka. * Ta hanyar samarwa, sannan ko tayin bayarwa, a cikin Burtaniya, mutumin da ba shi da ikon yin aikin ƙirƙira, tare da kowace hanya, da ta shafi wani muhimmin abu na ƙirƙira, don sanya abin da aka ƙirƙira ya fara aiki, lokacin da aka sani (( ko yana da kyau a yi tsammanin irin wannan ilimin) cewa waɗannan hanyoyin sun dace don sanyawa, kuma ana nufin sanya, ƙirƙira ta fara aiki a cikin Burtaniya. === Amurka === A cikin dokar Amurka, Kuma za a iya cin zarafi a inda wanda ake tuhuma ya yi, yayi amfani, ko ya sayar, ko yayi tayin siyarwa, ko shigo da wata ƙirƙira mai cin zarafi ko makamancinta . <ref>"[F]or a court to find infringement, the plaintiff must show the presence of every element or its substantial equivalent in the accused device." Wolverine World Wide, Inc. v. Nike, Inc., 38 F.3d 1192, 1199 (Fed. Cir. 1994)</ref> Har ila yau, wani yana aikata laifin cin zarafi a kaikaice idan da gangan ya sa wani ya yi laifi, kuma yana da alhakin wannan laifin. Nau'o'in "cin zarafi na kai tsaye" sun haɗa da "cin zarafin gudummawa" da "cin zarafin da aka jawo." Ba za a iya fara wani ƙeta ba har sai an ba da haƙƙin mallaka. Koyaya, kariya ta riga-kafi tana samuwa ƙasa 35 USC § 154 (d), wanda ke ba mai mallakar haƙƙin mallaka damar samun madaidaicin diyya na sarauta don wasu ayyukan cin zarafi waɗanda suka faru kafin ranar bayar da haƙƙin mallaka. Kuma Wannan haƙƙin samun diyya na ɗan lokaci yana buƙatar mai riƙe da haƙƙin mallaka don nuna cewa (1) ayyukan cin zarafi sun faru bayan buga aikace-aikacen haƙƙin mallaka, (2) da'awar haƙƙin mallaka sun yi daidai da da'awar a cikin aikace-aikacen da aka buga, da (3) ƙetare yana da "ainihin sanarwa" na aikace-aikacen patent da aka buga. A cikin Amurka akwai amintattun tanadin tashar jiragen ruwa don amfani da ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira don dalilai na tattara bayanai don ƙaddamar da tsari . == Binciken sharewa da ra'ayi == Binciken izini, wanda kuma ake kira neman 'yancin yin aiki (FTO) ko binciken cin zarafi, <ref>[[UK Intellectual Property Office]], [http://www.ipo.gov.uk/types/patent/p-other/p-infringe/p-freedom.htm ''Freedom-to-operate (FTO) patent search (infringement search)'']. Consulted on October 9, 2009.</ref> bincike ne da aka yi akan haƙƙin mallaka ko kan aikace-aikacen haƙƙin mallaka don sanin ko samfur ko tsari ya keta kowane ɗayan da'awar haƙƙin mallaka ko aikace-aikacen haƙƙin mallaka. Kuma Binciken sharewa yana iya haɗawa da fasahar da ta ƙare wanda ke aiki azaman 'tashar ruwa mai aminci' wanda ke ba da izinin samfur ko tsari don amfani da shi dangane da haƙƙin mallaka a cikin jama'a. Sannan Ana yin waɗannan binciken sau da yawa daga ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwararrun masu binciken haƙƙin mallaka waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin jagorancin lauyoyin ɗaya ko fiye da haka. Hakanan ana iya yin binciken sharewa akai-akai (misali, kowane wata) idan mutum ya damu da ayyukan haƙƙin mallaka a wata masana'anta ko game da wani samfur. Binciken izini na iya bin ''ra'ayi na izini'', watau ra'ayin doka wanda ɗaya ko fiye da lauyoyin ƙirƙira suka bayar game da ko samfur ko tsari da aka bayar ya keta iƙirarin ɗaya ko fiye da aka bayar da haƙƙin mallaka ko aikace-aikacen haƙƙin mallaka. Kuma Ana iya yin ra'ayoyin sharewa a haɗe tare da ra'ayi "inganci da tilastawa". Ingantacciyar ra'ayi da tilastawa ra'ayi ne na doka dangane da ko takardar shaidar da aka bayar tana da inganci da/ko ana iya aiwatarwa. A wasu kalmomi, ''ra'ayi ingantacce ra'ayi'' ne ko wasiƙa na shari'a wanda lauyan haƙƙin mallaka ko wakilin haƙƙin mallaka ya yi nazarin abin da aka bayar tare da ba da ra'ayi kan yadda kotu za ta yanke hukunci kan ingancinsa ko aiwatar da shi. <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=oWDs0U7C_RYC&pg=PT715&lpg=PT715&dq=%22validity+opinion%22&source=bl&ots=Mo38v34jXn&sig=D2uGCMZ8SvR4XAQ8farwSUk6_gg&hl=en&ei=_06RSsn4MM67lAe8trGYDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#v=onepage&q=%22validity%20opinion%22&f=false M. John Sterba ''Legal opinion letters: a comprehensive guide to opinion letter practice'' Aspen Publishers Online, 2002]</ref> Ana yawan neman ingantaccen ra'ayi kafin shari'ar da ke da alaƙa da haƙƙin mallaka. Matsakaicin farashi na ingantaccen ra'ayi (bisa ga binciken shekarata 2007 ɗaya) ya haura $15,000, tare da binciken cin zarafi yana ƙara $13,000. Farashin waɗannan ra'ayoyin don haƙƙin mallaka na Amurka na iya gudana daga dubun zuwa ɗaruruwan dubunnan daloli (ko fiye) dangane da takamaiman ikon mallaka, adadin kariya da nassoshi na fasaha na farko, tsawon tarihin fayil ɗin gabatar da ƙara, da sarkar da fasahar da ake tambaya. Wani ''ra'ayi'' na ban mamaki (bayyana dalilan da ba a keta haƙƙin mallaka ba, ko samar da wasu kariya kamar amfani da farko, haƙƙoƙin shiga tsakani, ko kuma ƙirƙira da ta gabata) Hakanan yana yiwuwa. == Inshorar keta haƙƙin mallaka == Inshorar keta haƙƙin haƙƙin mallaka wata manufar inshora ce ɗaya ko fiye da kamfanonin inshora ke bayarwa don kare ko dai mai ƙirƙira ko Kuma wani ɓangare na uku daga haɗarin keta haƙƙin mallaka ba da gangan ba. A watan Yuni Shekarata 2006, an buga wani nazari ga Hukumar Tarayyar Turai game da yuwuwar tsarin inshorar inshora game da haɗarin haƙƙin mallaka. <ref>[http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/indprop/docs/patent/studies/pli_report_en.pdf Patent Litigation Insurance]</ref> Rahoton ya kammala da cewa ci gaba da halin da ake ciki tare da ƙarancin kuɗi kaɗan, rashin daidaituwa, inshorar ƙira ta ba da izini (PLI) ba zai cimma wata manufa ta tsarin inshora mai yuwuwa ba. Madadin haka, kawai wani tsari na tilas ne kawai aka yi la’akari da cewa zai iya yiwuwa don samar da fa'idodin tattalin arziki da fasaha ga EU da masu haƙƙin mallaka na kowane mutum wanda zai taso daga tsarin PLI mai yaɗuwa. == "Piracy" == Tun daga shekarun 1840, an yi amfani da kalmar "dan fashin teku" a matsayin wani lokaci mai ƙaranci don kwatanta waɗanda suka keta haƙƙin mallaka kuma suka ƙi amincewa da fifikon mai ƙirƙira . Samuel FB Morse, mai ƙirƙira na telegraph, alal misali, ya yi gunaguni a cikin wasiƙa zuwa aboki a shekarata 1848 An kuma yi amfani da kalmar "dan fashin teku" don bayyana masu mallakar haƙƙin mallaka waɗanda ke ƙwaƙƙwaran aiwatar da haƙƙin mallaka. Don haka ko da yake gangan mutum ya keta haƙƙin mallaka ko kuma da ƙarfi ya aiwatar da haƙƙin mallaka, waɗanda ke jin sun zarce iyakokinsu na iya kiransu da ƴan fashin teku.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2020}} == Barazanar kawo matakin keta haƙƙin mallaka == "Tsarin kawo wani matakin keta haƙƙin mallaka na iya yin tasiri sosai kan harkokin kasuwanci na mutumin da aka yi barazanar, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa dokar wasu ƙasashe, Kuma ciki har da Burtaniya, ta tanadi cewa yin barazanar da ba ta da tushe ba ta da tushe, a cikin wasu a hankali. iyakokin da aka tsara, kuskuren da za a iya aiwatarwa a kanta." <ref>[[Jeremy Phillips]], [http://ipkitten.blogspot.com/2008/06/from-when-must-threat-be-compensated.html ''From when must a threat be compensated?''], [[IPKat]], June 14, 2008. Consulted on June 15, 2008.</ref> Duk da haka ba haka lamarin yake ba a Amurka. == Duba wasu abubuwan == * Anton Piller odar (hanyar gama gari a wasu ƙasashe don samun hujjojin keta) * Tsaida kuma daina oda * [[Keta Haƙƙin Mallaka|Cin zarafin haƙƙin mallaka]] * Rarraba cin zarafi * Leken asirin masana'antu * Rashin adalci * Kotun mallaka * Haɗin kai (lalata) * Lasisin lasisin wayar hannu da ƙararraki * Saisie-contrefaçon * IP mai laushi * Haɗin software * Bayar da lasisi === Sanannun lamuran cin zarafi === * ''Monsanto Canada Inc.'' ''Schmeiser'' - Wani manomi dan kasar Canada ya kai kara kan noman canola da Monsanto ya mallaka. * ''Apple Inc. v.'' ''Abubuwan da aka bayar na Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'' * ''Microsoft Corp. v.'' ''Motorola Inc.'' * ''nutsewa v.'' ''Sony'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Ci gaba da karatu == * Kesan, Jay P. da Ball, Gwendolyn G., ''Ta yaya Ake Magance Matsalolin Ƙira?'' ''Jarabawar Ƙwararren'' (2005). [http://ssrn.com/abstract=808347 Jami'ar Illinois Dokar & Takardun Bincike na Tattalin Arziki] * * Dubi [http://patentlaw.typepad.com/patent/2005/07/en_banc_federal.html Phillips] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216030217/https://patentlaw.typepad.com/patent/2005/07/en_banc_federal.html |date=2022-02-16 }} Don ra'ayin da'irar tarayya na baya-bayan nan game da ginin da'awar (Dokar mallakar mallaka ta Amurka). [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4pg457ws9disxvgrjqqrik9zpa5kqc9 0 32742 961682 470760 2026-10-02T05:41:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961682 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Aganyin Sauce.jpg|thumb|Ewa Aganyin]] '''Ewa Aganyin''' (wanda kuma aka rubuta ba daidai ba da '''Ewa Agoyin''')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mamador.com.ng/our-cookbook/ewa-agoyin|title=Ewa Agoyin Recipe|website=Mamador|accessdate=February 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207005236/https://www.mamador.com.ng/our-cookbook/ewa-agoyin|archive-date=February 7, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>, abinci ne da ake saidawa a bakin titi, (kuma ana ci a matsayin abinci a yawancin gidajen Yarabawa) da ake ci a duk faɗin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ewa Aganyin: Popularity of street food soaring in Lagos. September 19, 2015. ''Daily Trust'' |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/business/ewa-aganyin-popularity-of-street-food-soaring-in-lagos/111439.html |access-date=June 6, 2022 |archive-date=December 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222104838/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/business/ewa-aganyin-popularity-of-street-food-soaring-in-lagos/111439.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ana sanya wake ya zama mai laushi sosai ko kuma a duƙe.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/bimadewunmi/nigerian-foods-the-world-should-know-and-love|title=23 Nigerian Foods The Whole World Should Know And Love|date=June 24, 2015|website=Buzzfeed.com|access-date=December 21, 2017}}</ref> Ana yawan cin ta da barkonon da aka yanka da kyar da miya na tumatir wanda yake da yaji sosai,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/life/travel-and-places/seven-popular-bukkas-in-lagos/ |title=Seven Popular Bukkas In Lagos. October 2, 2017. ''The Guardian''. |access-date=June 6, 2022 |archive-date=February 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224191622/https://guardian.ng/life/travel-and-places/seven-popular-bukkas-in-lagos/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> amma barkono. Yana da sunan gida na 'Ewa G'. Ƙarin abubuwan da za su iya haɗawa da dabino, albasa da crayfish. ==Haɗi== Ana yawan cin shi da burodi, wanda ke sa shi gamsarwa sosai. Maganganu na gama-gari shine "ewa G go block belle", ma'ana ewa aganyin zai cika ciki. Abinci ne da ya shahara ga ’yan Najeriya saboda yana da daɗi kuma yana da cikawa sosai. [[Fayil:Ewa Aganyin (Bean).jpg|thumb|Ewa Aganyin]] Ewa Aganyin ya shahara da masu sayar da wake na jamhuriyar Benin a Najeriya...an san su da Egun ko mutanen Aganyin. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category: Abinci]] rs1280da5sdsynmblqgy97wvol6h04v 0 34283 961408 730958 2026-10-01T14:11:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Corey Washington 2016.jpg|thumb|hoton dan wasa corey]] '''Corey Washington''' (an haife shi ranar 29 ga watan Disamba, 1991). Tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka. Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Newberry kuma Cardinal na Arizona ya sanya hannu a matsayin wakili na kyauta wanda ba a zayyana ba a cikin 2014 . == Aikin koleji == [[Fayil:7TH 0773 Corey Patterson.jpg|thumb|Corey Washington]] Washington ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Soja ta Georgia don sabbin shekarun sa da na biyu kuma a Kwalejin Newberry na karamarsa da manyan lokutansa.<ref>[http://espn.go.com/blog/nflnation/post/_/id/135364/corey-washington-small-school-big-man Corey Washington, small-school big man]</ref> A lokacin aikinsa na kwaleji, ya sami liyafar 146 don yadi 2,396 da 34 touchdowns . == Sana'ar sana'a == === Cardinals Arizona === Washington ta rattaba hannu tare da Cardinals na Arizona a matsayin wakili na kyauta a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2014 kuma an yi watsi da shi a ranar 27 ga Mayu. === New York Giants === [[Fayil:Corey Bojorquez (51632499030) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Corey Washington]] New York Giants sun yi iƙirarin kashe Washington a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 2014. <ref>[http://www.nj.com/giants/index.ssf/2014/05/giants_claim_corey_washington_waive_ol_stephen_goodin.html Giants claim WR Corey Washington, waive OL Stephen Goodin]</ref> A lokacin atisayen ya burge kociyoyin Giants kuma an yi la'akari da cewa zai iya sanya kungiyoyin 'yan wasa 53. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.newsday.com/sports/columnists/bob-glauber/corey-washington-making-a-sizable-impression-1.9064244 |title=Corey Washington making a sizable impression |access-date=2022-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626104035/http://www.newsday.com/sports/columnists/bob-glauber/corey-washington-making-a-sizable-impression-1.9064244 |archive-date=2015-06-26 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.newsday.com/sports/football/giants/low-on-giants-depth-chart-corey-washington-stands-tall-1.8502633 |title=Low on Giants' depth chart, Corey Washington stands tall |access-date=2022-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623110443/https://www.newsday.com/sports/football/giants/low-on-giants-depth-chart-corey-washington-stands-tall-1.8502633 |archive-date=2021-06-23 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20140821/PC20/140829836/1177 |title=North Charleston's Corey Washington catching New York Giants' attention |access-date=2022-07-21 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233616/http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20140821/PC20/140829836/1177 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Washington ta yi jerin sunayen mutane 53 bayan kammala preseason a matsayin Kattai na jagorantar mai karɓar. <ref>[http://www.nj.com/giants/index.ssf/2014/08/corey_washington_makes_giants_53-man_roster.html Corey Washington makes Giants 53-man roster]</ref> Ya kama wasan sa na farko na yau da kullun na aikinsa a kan Nuwamba 3, 2014 a kan Indianapolis Colts . Kattai sun yi watsi da Washington / sun ji rauni a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 2015. Kungiyar ta sake shi da raunin da ya ji washegari. <ref>[http://www.nj.com/giants/index.ssf/2015/09/wr_corey_washington_to_take_injury_settlement_from.html WR Corey Washington to take injury settlement from Giants, become free agent]</ref> === Washington Redskins === A ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2015, Washington ta rattaba hannu kan kungiyar ta Washington Redskins . Kungiyar ta sake shi a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba. === Detroit Lions === A ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 2015, an rattaba hannu kan Washington a cikin tawagar Lions. A ranar 4 ga Janairu, 2016, Washington ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar makoma tare da Detroit Lions . Lions sun yi watsi da shi a watan Yuni 2016 kuma ya koma cikin jerin ajiyar bayan share fage. === Atlanta Falcons === [[Fayil:Corey Ballentine (50507561743) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Corey Washington]] A ranar 27 ga Yuli, 2016, Falcons ya rattaba hannu kan Washington. A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2016, Falcons sun yi watsi da shi saboda yanke jerin sunayen na ƙarshe. === Kuɗin Buffalo === A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 2016, an rattaba hannu kan Washington a cikin ƙungiyar masu yin lissafin kuɗi. Kudi ya sake shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 2016. A ranar 17 ga Maris, 2017, Washington ta sake rattaba hannu kan takardar kudirin. A ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2017, an soke shi ta Kudi. === Shugabannin Kansas City === A ranar 31 ga Yuli, 2017, Washington ta rattaba hannu tare da Shugabannin Birnin Kansas . An yi watsi da shi a ranar 8 ga Agusta, 2017. === Dallas Cowboys === [[Fayil:Corey Dickerson keeps hitting well from the Nationals and Marlins at Nationals Park, August 24, 2020 (All-Pro Reels Photography) (50265464778) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Corey Washington]] A kan Agusta 15, 2017, Washington ta sanya hannu tare da Dallas Cowboys . An yafe shi/rauni a ranar 25 ga Agusta, 2017 kuma an sanya shi a ajiyar da ya ji rauni. An sake shi a ranar 27 ga Agusta, 2017. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114734/http://www.giants.com/team/roster/Corey-Washington/85c16c81-9402-4dc3-b78f-e1ace1cb11c6 New York Giants bio] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|30em}} [[category:Haifaffun 1991]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] r6uqqqk3b4oalxqwj43lkr67hsmeecd 0 44461 961649 710381 2026-10-02T03:53:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961649 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Emmanuel E Ikwue''' (an haife shi ranar 6 ga watan Yuni 1940) shi ne babban hafsan sojojin saman Najeriya daga shekara ta 1969 zuwa 1975. <ref>[http://www.nigerianairforce.net/PastChiefs/BrigadierEIkwue.aspx History of The Nigerian Air Force]</ref> Birgediya Ikwue shi ne kwamandan rundunar sojojin saman Najeriya na biyar (NAF), ɗan asalin ƙasar na uku da ya riƙe wannan muƙamin. An naɗa shi a watan Disamba 1969, shi ne na farko da ya riƙe ofishin da aka naɗa shi a matsayin babban hafsan hafsoshin sojojin sama na Najeriya. ==Rayuwa farko da Ilimi== An haifi Birgediya Ikwue a ranar 6 ga watan Yuni 1940 a [[Otukpo]], [[Benue (jiha)|jihar Benue]]. Ya halarci makarantar Methodist Central School Otukpo bayan nan, ya wuce Makarantar Soja ta Najeriya daga shekara ta 1954 zuwa 1958. Ya shiga aikin sojan Najeriya kuma an tura shi horo a matsayin memba na Course 11, Regular Officers Special Training School Teshie, Accra, Ghana (1958 – 1959). Bayan haka ya halarci makarantar, Mons Officer Cadet School, Aldershot, da Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (1959). ==Aikin Soja== An naɗa shi babban jami'in tsaro a shekarar 1961 kuma aka tura shi zuwa Bataliya ta ɗaya ta Enugu. A shekarar 1962 ya yi aikin wanzar da zaman lafiya a Congo a ƙarƙashin, [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]]. A 1963, an naɗa shi Staff Captain (A) zuwa Late Brigadier Maimalari, Kwamandan 2 Brigade NA a lokacin. A lokacin da yake wannan aiki ne aka ba shi muƙamin NAF. A lokacin da ya koma NAF, Ikwue ya sami horon koyar da horon sojan sama a Jamus tsakanin 1963 zuwa 1964. Bayan ya dawo daga Jamus, an naɗa shi a matsayin babban jami’in kula da harkokin jiragen sama a HQ NAF, [[Legas]] a 1965 tare da wani Bajamushe a matsayin mai ba shi shawara. A lokacin wannan matsayi ne ya kafa lambar sabis na jami'an NAF. A cikin 1965, Firayim Minista Tafawa Ɓalewa ya naɗa Ikwue a matsayin hadimin sojan Najeriya a Jamus. A ƙasar Jamus, shi ne ke da alhakin duk wani al'amuran soja a dukkan ofisoshin jakadancin [[Najeriya]] da ke [[Turai]]. A cikin 1968, an naɗa shi Doyen, shugaban Hakimin Soja Referat (Corps) a Jamus. Don haka ya zama ɗan Afirka na farko kuma na farko wanda ba Janar na NATO ba wanda ya jagoranci rundunar sojojin da ke da hadiman soja daga kasashe 35. A cikin 1969, an sake kiran Ikwue kuma ya naɗa kwamandan NAF na biyar kuma memba a Majalisar Koli ta Sojoji da na Tarayya. Shi ne jami’in farko da aka naɗa a matsayin shugaban rundunar sojojin sama a hukumance. Ya riƙe wannan m muƙamin har zuwa lokacin da ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1975. ==Lambar yabo== Don jin daɗin hidimar da ya yi wa al'umma an ba shi lambar yabo ta 'yancin kai, lambar yabo ta Congo da lambar yabo ta daɗewa a aiki da ta kyawawan halaye. NAF a nata ɓangaren, ta amince da ayyukansa tare da bashi kyautar lambar yabo ta Distinguished Service Medal da Distinguished Flying Star. Birgediya Ikwue da ya yi ritaya ya shiga aikin jifa. Ya kuma taɓa zama Shugaban Bankin Kasuwanci da Masana’antu na Najeriya. Ya kuma kasance shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa na Ashaka Cement Plc (wani reshen LaFarge SA [[Faris|Paris]]) har zuwa 2012. Ya kuma sami digiri na farko a fannin ilimin tauhidi akan ritaya.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.idomaland.org/icon/brigadier-emmanuel-e-ikwue | title=Brigadier Emmanuel e Ikwue | access-date=2023-03-18 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925072330/https://www.idomaland.org/icon/brigadier-emmanuel-e-ikwue | archive-date=2023-09-25 | url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Iyali== A halin yanzu shi ne shugaban kamfanin G. Cappa PLC. Yana da aure kuma yana da ƴaƴa. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haihuwan 1940]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 8tpgnht4gqb293ggdqqfjmf6xrr2v75 0 45948 961410 952241 2026-10-01T14:29:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox generic}} '''Cristina Matiquite''' (an haife ta ranar 12 ga watan Maris ɗin 1992) ƙwararriyar ƴar wasan ƙwallon kwando ce ta kasar Angola. {{Refn|{{cite web|title=Cristina Matiquite|url=http://london2012.fiba.com/pages/eng/fe/12/olym/player/p/eid/6232/orderby/ot/pid/72745/rid/sid/6233/tid/235/tid2/profile.html|work=London 2012|publisher=The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited|accessdate=13 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818085110/http://london2012.fiba.com/pages/eng/fe/12/olym/player/p/eid/6232/orderby/ot/pid/72745/rid/sid/6233/tid/235/tid2/profile.html|archive-date=18 August 2016|url-status=dead}}|name=OlympicBotGeneratedRef}} . Ta yi takara a kasar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Mata ta Angola|Angola]] a gasar FIBA ta Afirka a shekarar 2011. Ta yi wasa a matsayin Cibiyar. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180520051804/http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/player/p/pid/72745/sid/7916/tid/235/_/2011_FIBA_Africa_Championship_for_Women/index.html 2011 FIBA Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1992]] njlilqufa8bsr3fm33vdaqgy7pnbfvd 0 46974 961449 517142 2026-10-01T16:35:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961449 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dan Patrick Archibong''' (4 Oktoba 1943 – 11 Maris 1990)<ref name="google">{{cite book|title=Newswatch: Nigeria's Weekly Magazine|date=1991|publisher=Newswatch Communications|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8SVBAQAAIAAJ|access-date=2015-02-20}}</ref> sojan Najeriya ne wanda ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Cross River|Jihar Kuros Riba]] daga watan Janairu shekarar 1984 zuwa 1986.<ref name="Nigerian Federal States">{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |title=Nigerian Federal States |publisher=WorldStatesmen |access-date=2010-06-04}}</ref> ==Karatu da Ayyuka== Archibong ya samu gurbin karatu a [[Jami'ar Tsaron Nijeriya|Kwalejin Tsaro ta Najeriya]] (NDA), [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] a cikin Janairu 1964. Bai kammala kwas da ajinsa na asali ba saboda rikicin shekarar 1966. Ya koma NDA bayan yaƙin kuma an ba shi aiki a watan Agustan 1970, tare da rasa babban matsayi.<ref name=nowa>{{cite web |url=http://www.dawodu.com/barrack7.htm |title=BARRACKS: THE HISTORY BEHIND THOSE NAMES (PART 7 – EPILOGUE Section 2) |author=Nowa Omoigui |date=June 14, 2003 |access-date=2010-06-04}}</ref> An naɗa Archibong a matsayin Kanar, an naɗa Archibong Gwamnan Soja na [[Cross River|Jihar Kuros Riba]] a watan Janairun 1984 bayan juyin mulkin da Janar [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya karɓi mulki, kuma ya riƙe muƙamin har zuwa shekarar 1986.<ref name="Nigerian Federal States"/> [[Fayil:Patrick Dan Archibong.jpg|thumb|Dan Archibong]] An kara masa girma zuwa Brigadier, Archibong shi ne Darakta na Sashen Nazarin Haɗin gwiwa a [[Kwalejin Rundunar Soji da Ma’aikata, Jaji|Kwamandan Sojoji da Kwalejin Ma’aikata, Jaji]] daga 16 ga Janairu 1988 zuwa 1 ga Janairu 1990.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nigerianafcsc.org/College_Dept/DJS.htm |title=Department of Joint Studies |publisher=Armed Forces Command and Staff College, Jaji |access-date=2010-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090906163054/http://www.nigerianafcsc.org/College_Dept/DJS.htm |archive-date=2009-09-06 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Mutuwa== Ya kasance yana riƙe da matsayin babban hafsan hafsoshin Najeriya lokacin da ya rasu a ranar 11 ga Maris 1990 a wani hatsarin mota da ya rutsa da shi a hanyar Legas zuwa Ibadan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unn.edu.ng/home/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=15462&Itemid=306 |title=Corruption in the Government Circle |publisher=Chuka Educational Publishers |year=2007 |author=B.A, Amujiri |access-date=2010-06-04 }}{{Dead link|date=April 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Babu wanda ya shaida lamarin kuma ba a samu wasu raunuka ba, lamarin da ya sa aka riƙa yada jita-jitar cewa mutuwar tasa ba bisa kuskure ba ce.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nigeriaworld.com/feature/publication/oduyela/081603.html |title=A CHRONICLE OF UNRESOLVED MURDER CASES IN NIGERIA |work=NigeriaWorld |date=August 16, 2003 |author=Seyi Oduyela |access-date=2010-06-04 |archive-date=2012-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307122104/http://nigeriaworld.com/feature/publication/oduyela/081603.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Don tunawa da shi== Patrick Dan Archibong Barracks - Calabar an sauya sunan barikin zuwa sunan sa, amma daga baya wurin ya koma sunan sa na asali.<ref name=nowa/> ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[category:Haifaffun 1943]] [[Category:Mutuwan 1990]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Jihar Cross River ]] su8gobfpnzmrxrqk6g3vxd440galtve 0 50453 961552 953002 2026-10-01T20:36:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Notelist}}Dokar Hakkin Bayanai, 2005 ('''Dokar RTI''') wani aiki ne na Majalisar Dokokin Indiya da Majalisar Dokokin Delhi wanda ke tsara dokoki da hanyoyin da suka shafi haƙƙin 'yan ƙasa na samun bayanai. Ya maye gurbin tsohon Dokar 'Yancin Bayanai, 2002. A karkashin tanadin Dokar RTI ta 2005, kowane ɗan ƙasar Indiya na iya neman bayani daga "ikon jama'a" (kungiyar Gwamnati ko "kayan aiki na Jiha") wanda ake buƙata don amsawa cikin kwanaki talatin, ko a cikin awanni 48 idan batun ya shafi rayuwar mai shigar da kara da 'yanci. Dokar ta kuma buƙaci kowane hukuma na jama'a su tsara bayanan su don watsawa ko'ina da kuma buga wasu nau'ikan bayanai don 'yan ƙasa su buƙaci mafi ƙarancin mafita don neman bayanai a hukumance. Kodayake ba a haɗa haƙƙin Bayani a matsayin haƙƙin asali a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Indiya ba, yana kare haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙoƙin 'Yanci na Magana da Magana a ƙarƙashin Mataki na 19 (1) (a) da haƙƙin Rayuwa da 'Yanci' Yanci na Mutum a ƙarƙashin Mataka ta 21 da Kundin Tsarin mulki ya tabbatar. Hukumomin da ke karkashin Dokar RTI ta 2005 ana kiransu hukumomin gwamnati. == Tarihi == Majalisar dokokin Indiya ta zartar da dokar RTI a ranar 15 ga Yuni 2005 kuma ta fara aiki daga 12 ga Oktoba 2005. Kowace rana a matsakaici, ana shigar da aikace-aikacen RTI sama da 4800. A cikin shekaru goma na farko na fara aikin, an gabatar da aikace-aikace sama da 17,500,000. Jami'in Bayanai na Jama'a (PIO) ko Hukumar Daukaka Kara ta Farko a cikin hukumomin jama'a suna yin aikin shari'a na yanke shawara kan aikace-aikacen da roko bi da bi. An kafa wannan aikin ne don karfafa hakki na asali a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin Indiya 'yancin magana'. Tun da yake RTI yana cikin Hakkin 'Yanci na Magana da Magana a ƙarƙashin Mataki na 19 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Indiya, yana da hakki na asali. Bayyana bayanai a Indiya ta al'ada ta ƙuntata ta Dokar Asirin hukuma ta 1923 da wasu dokoki na musamman, waɗanda sabuwar Dokar RTI ta mamaye.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajagopal |first=Krishnadas |date=2019-03-14 |title=RTI trumps Official Secrets Act, says SC |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/rti-trumps-official-secrets-act-says-sc/article26537346.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910225413/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/rti-trumps-official-secrets-act-says-sc/article26537346.ece |archive-date=10 September 2021 |access-date=2021-09-10 |website=The Hindu |language=en}}</ref> Hakkin Bayanai ya tsara ainihin haƙƙin 'yan ƙasar Indiya. RTI ya tabbatar da cewa yana da amfani sosai, amma Dokar Kare Fure-fure, 2011 ta hana shi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Whistle Blowers Protection Bill, 2011 |url=http://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/the-public-interest-disclosure-and-protection-of-persons-making-the-disclosures-bill-2010-1252/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816194403/http://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/the-public-interest-disclosure-and-protection-of-persons-making-the-disclosures-bill-2010-1252/ |archive-date=16 August 2018 |access-date=2018-08-16 |publisher=PRS Legislative Research |language=en}}</ref> Dokar Hakkin Bayani (Gwamma), 2019, tana neman gyara Sashe na 13, 16, da 27 na Dokar RTI. Sashe na 13 na Dokar ta asali: Ya kafa wa'adin Babban Kwamishinan Bayanai na tsakiya da Kwamishinan Bincike a shekaru biyar (ko har zuwa shekaru 65, duk abin da ya kasance a baya). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-19 |title=Explainer: The Right to Information (Amendment) Bill, 2019 |url=https://www.prsindia.org/theprsblog/explainer-right-information-amendment-bill-2019 |access-date=2020-04-19 |publisher=PRS Legislative Research |language=en |archive-date=2020-05-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508154211/https://www.prsindia.org/theprsblog/explainer-right-information-amendment-bill-2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> A ƙarshe a cikin shari'ar Ashwanee K. Singh a ranar 20 ga Satumba 2020, an tabbatar da cewa haƙƙin bayanai haƙƙin tushe ne.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sinha |first=Roshni |date=2019-07-19 |title=Explainer: The Right to Information (Amendment) Bill, 2019 |url=https://www.prsindia.org/theprsblog/explainer-right-information-amendment-bill-2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805013549/https://www.prsindia.org/theprsblog/explainer-right-information-amendment-bill-2019 |archive-date=2019-08-05 |publisher=PRS Legislative Research}}</ref> === Yunkurin fafutuka === Mutane da yawa masu fafutuka suna kallon Dokar Hakkin Bayanai a matsayin 'yanci na ƙarshe daga mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya; sun bayyana dokar RTI a matsayin "kayan aiki don karfafa talakawa da canza al'adun shugabanci ta hanyar sanya shi a bayyane, rashin cin hanci da rashawa, shiga, da kuma lissafi". Sun kuma lura cewa buƙatun RTI suna ba da dabarun da abu ga masu gwagwarmaya a kan batutuwan zamantakewa da yawa, gami da "yancin ƙasa da muhalli, fa'idodin tsaro na zamantakewa, aikin cibiyoyin kuɗi, sake fasalin tallafin jam'iyyar siyasa, ababen more rayuwa, har ma da haɗin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu". Masana [waɗanda?] suna jayayya cewa asalin manufar Dokar Hakkin Bayanai na yin gwamnati a bayyane kuma mai lissafi yana raguwa yayin da aka ƙi buƙatun RTI kuma dubban buƙatun suna da rikici.  An ƙi RTIs da yawa saboda bukatun bureaucratic (ciki har da harshen fasaha da aka yi amfani da shi) na shigarwa suna da yawa kuma suna da doka ga talakawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=TJ |first=Shalin |date=2017-05-01 |title=When RTI is Difficult? |url=http://blog.onlinerti.com/2017/05/01/when-rti-is-difficult/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510004125/http://blog.onlinerti.com/2017/05/01/when-rti-is-difficult/ |archive-date=10 May 2021 |access-date=14 May 2020 |website=OnlineRTI Blog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2022 |title=Right to Information: Ailing RTI and trailing governance |url=https://theprobe.in/right-to-information-ailing-rti-and-trailing-governance/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126024759/https://theprobe.in/right-to-information-ailing-rti-and-trailing-governance/ |archive-date=26 January 2022 |access-date=26 January 2022 |website=The Probe}}</ref> Kashi sittin cikin dari na roko na RTI da aka yi wa Kwamishinonin Bayanai a Delhi an ƙi su saboda dalilai da yawa, gami da cewa ba a buga ko ba a rubuta daukaka kara a Turanci ba, ko kuma ba su da alamar takardun da aka haɗe ko jerin kwanan wata. Wannan shingen bureaucratic, mafi muni ga waɗanda ba su da damar samun ilimi ko bayanai, ya sa haƙƙin samun bayanai ba zai yiwu ba. Yawancin 'yan ƙasa dole ne su nemi kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, masu gwagwarmayar RTI, ko lauyoyi, don yin fayil na RTIs. == Yankin da ake ciki == [[File:RTI_infrmation.3.png|thumb|Rubuce-rubuce don biyan kuɗi don tattara bayanai a ƙarƙashin dokar RTI]] Dokar ta kai ga dukan Indiya.{{Efn|Earlier, [[J&K Right to Information Act]] was in force in the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir. However, after the revocation of much of [[Article 370 of the Constitution of India]], the [[Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir]] (and also the Union Territory of [[Ladakh]]) came under the Central Act.}} <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-11 |title=J&K people to face immense difficulties in obtaining benefits of Central RTI Act |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/jk-people-to-face-immense-difficulties-in-obtaining-benefits-of-central-rti-act/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812035823/https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/jk-people-to-face-immense-difficulties-in-obtaining-benefits-of-central-rti-act/ |archive-date=12 August 2019 |access-date=2019-08-12 |website=[[Daily Excelsior]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya ƙunshi dukkan hukumomin tsarin mulki, gami da zartarwa, majalisa da shari'a; duk wata hukuma ko kungiya da aka kafa ko ta hanyar dokar majalisa ko majalisar dokoki ta jihar. Har ila yau, an bayyana shi a cikin Dokar cewa hukumomi ko hukumomi sun kafa ko sun kafa ta hanyar umarni ko sanarwar gwamnati mai dacewa ciki har da hukumomin "mallaka, sarrafawa ko kuma suna da kuɗi sosai" ta gwamnati, ko kungiyoyin da ba na gwamnati ba "wanda ke da kuɗi sosai, kai tsaye ko a kaikaice ta hanyar kudade". === Kungiyoyin masu zaman kansu === Kungiyoyin masu zaman kansu ba su cikin ikon aikin ba. A cikin yanke shawara na Sarbjit Roy vs Delhi Electricity Regulatory Commission, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shri Sarbajit Roy vs Delhi Electricity Regulatory Commission |url=http://www.rti.india.gov.in/cic_decisions/Decision_30112006_12.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110145255/http://www.rti.india.gov.in/cic_decisions/Decision_30112006_12.pdf |archive-date=10 January 2017 |access-date=29 May 2013 |publisher=Central Information Commission}}</ref> Hukumar Bayanai ta Tsakiya ta sake tabbatar da cewa kamfanonin masu amfani da jama'a sun fada cikin ikon RTI. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2014, cibiyoyin masu zaman kansu da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke karɓar sama da kashi 95% na kudaden ababen more rayuwa daga gwamnati sun zo ƙarƙashin Dokar. === Jam'iyyun siyasa === Hukumar Bayanai ta Tsakiya (CIC) ta yanke shawarar cewa jam'iyyun siyasa hukumomin gwamnati ne kuma suna da alhakin 'yan ƙasa a ƙarƙashin Dokar RTI. CIC ta ce jam'iyyun kasa takwas - Majalisa, BJP, NCP, CPI (M) , CPI, BSP, NPP da AITC - Gwamnatin Tsakiya ce ta ba da gudummawa ta kai tsaye kuma suna da halin hukumomin gwamnati a ƙarƙashin Dokar RTI yayin da suke yin ayyukan jama'a. Amma a watan Agustan 2013 gwamnati ta gabatar da Dokar 'Yancin Bayani (Gwamma) wanda zai cire jam'iyyun siyasa daga ikon doka. A halin yanzu babu jam'iyyun da ke ƙarƙashin Dokar RTI kuma an gabatar da karar don kawo dukkan jam'iyyu na siyasa a ƙarƙashinta. === Gyara === Dokar Hakkin Bayanai ta 2019 ta wuce a ranar 25 ga Yulin 2019 ta canza sharuɗɗa da yanayin sabis na CIC da Kwamishinonin Bayanai a cibiyar da jihohi. An soki shi kamar yadda yake ban ruwa ga 'yancin kai na kwamitocin bayanai, wato ta hanyar ba da ikon gwamnati don gyara lokacin sabis da albashi na kwamishinonin bayanai. Kotun Koli ta Indiya a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba 2019, ta amince da shawarar Babban Kotun Delhi da ta kawo ofishin Babban Alkalin Indiya a karkashin ikon Dokar Hakkin Bayanai (RTI). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Office of CJI Comes Under RTI Act as Supreme Court Upholds Delhi HC Order |url=https://thewire.in/law/cji-under-rti-act-supreme-court |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Wire}}</ref> === Kungiyoyin leken asiri da tsaro === Kamar yadda sashi na 24 na Dokar, kungiyoyin leken asiri da tsaro, na tsakiya da na jihar, an cire su daga Dokar RTI sai dai a lokuta na cin hanci da rashawa ko keta haƙƙin ɗan adam. Irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin tsakiya an jera su a cikin jadawalin 2 na Dokar. An yi gyare-gyare na jadawalin sau hudu, a watan Satumbar 2005, Maris 2008, Oktoba 2008 da Mayu 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=G.S.R. 347 dated 28 September 2005 |url=https://nrccamel.icar.gov.in/downloads/RTI-Fee-Cost-Rules.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805033804/https://nrccamel.icar.gov.in/downloads/RTI-Fee-Cost-Rules.pdf |archive-date=5 August 2021 |access-date=5 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=G.S.R. 235(E) dated 27 March 2008 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2008/E_155_2010_009.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805035305/https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2008/E_155_2010_009.pdf |archive-date=5 August 2021 |access-date=5 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=G.S.R. 726(E) dated 8 October 2008 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2008/E_548_2010_002.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805035305/https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2008/E_548_2010_002.pdf |archive-date=5 August 2021 |access-date=5 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=G.S.R. 319(E) dated 4 May 2021 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2021/226836.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803114130/https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2021/226836.pdf |archive-date=3 August 2021 |access-date=5 August 2021}}</ref> # Ofishin leken asiri # Bincike da Bincike Wing ciki har da reshen fasaha, Cibiyar Binciken Jirgin Sama # Daraktan Ilimin Haraji # Ofishin leken asirin tattalin arziki na tsakiya # [[Directan taimakama doka|Daraktan tilasta aiki]] # Ofishin Kula da Magunguna # Sojojin Yankin Musamman # Sojojin Tsaro na Yankin # Rundunar 'yan sanda ta tsakiya # 'Yan sanda na kan iyakar Indo-Tibet # Sojojin Tsaro na Masana'antu na Tsakiya # Tsaro na Kasa # Manyan bindigogi na Assam # Sashastra Seema Bal # Babban Daraktan Haraji na Haraji (Bincike) # Kungiyar Binciken Fasaha ta Kasa # Sashin leken asiri na kudi, Indiya # Kungiyar Karewa ta Musamman # Kungiyar Bincike da Ci Gaban Tsaro # Ƙungiyar Hanyar Yankin # Sakatariyar Majalisar Tsaro ta Kasa (sakatariyar Hukumar Tsaro ta kasa, a cikin Sakatariyan majalisar ministoci) # Kungiyar Amincewa ta Gaggawa ta Kwamfuta ta Indiya (CERT-IN) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Reasons For CERT-IN's Exemption From RTI Provisions Are ‘Secret’, DoPT Says |url=https://thewire.in/government/info-on-cert-in-inclusion-rti-exempt-orgs-is-secret |access-date=2026-06-17 |website=The Wire |language=en}}</ref>[needs update] == Gudanarwa da tsari == Hakkin samun bayanai a Indiya yana karkashin jagorancin manyan hukumomi guda biyu: === Hukumar Bayanai ta Tsakiya (CIC) === Babban Kwamishinan Bayanai wanda ke jagorantar dukkan sassan tsakiya da ma'aikatu- tare da jami'an Bayanai na Jama'a (PIO) s. CICs suna kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin Shugaban Indiya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=FAQ {{!}} Central Information Commission |url=http://cic.gov.in/faq#n3378 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211235408/http://cic.gov.in/faq#n3378 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |access-date=2017-02-11 |website=cic.gov.in |language=en}}</ref> Ana buƙatar hukumomin gwamnati da sashen da ke ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Tarayyar Indiya don sanya Babban Jami'in Bayanai na Jama'a da ikon daukaka kara. CPIO ita ce hulɗa ta farko ga 'yan ƙasa waɗanda ke neman bayani a ƙarƙashin Dokar Hakkin Bayani (RTI). Idan ɗan ƙasa bai gamsu da amsar da Jami'in Bayanai na Jiha (SPIO) ya bayar ba, za su iya shigar da roko tare da Hukumar daukaka kara da aka zaba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India Code: Section Details |url=https://www.indiacode.nic.in/show-data?abv=CEN&statehandle=123456789/1362&actid=AC_CEN_26_36_00004_200522_1517807322955&sectionId=10877&sectionno=5&orderno=5&orgactid=AC_CEN_26_36_00004_200522_1517807322955}}</ref>1234 === Kwamitin Bayanai na Jiha === * Hukumar Bayanai ta Jihar Kerala * Hukumar Bayanai ta Jihar Karnataka * Hukumar Bayanai ta Tamil Nadu === Kudin === Ana buƙatar ɗan ƙasa wanda yake so ya nemi wasu bayanai daga hukuma ta jama'a don aikawa, tare da aikace-aikacen (a Postal order ko DD (Demand draft) ko takardar shaidar banki) ko hatimi na kotu wanda za'a biya wa Jami'in Asusun na hukuma ta gwamnati a matsayin kuɗin da aka tsara don neman bayanai. Idan mutumin ya fito ne daga al'umma mara kyau, ba ya bukatar ya biya.<ref>[http://www.ccdisabilities.nic.in/page.php?s=reg&t=def&f=print&p=info_rta_c4=]{{Dead link|date=September 2021}}</ref> Hakanan ana iya buƙatar mai nema ya biya ƙarin kuɗi game da farashin samar da bayanin, cikakkun bayanai game da su za a nuna wa mai nema ta PIO (Officer of Public Information) kamar yadda RTI ACT ya tsara.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-11-28 |title=Guide on the Right to Information Act, 2005 |url=http://rti.gov.in/RTICorner/Guide_2013-issue.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412010046/http://rti.gov.in/RTICorner/Guide_2013-issue.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2015 |access-date=30 May 2015 |publisher=Government of India, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions, Department of Personnel & Training}}</ref> === Hakkin dijital ga tsarin bayanai === An kafa tashar dijital, RTI Portal, <ref>{{Cite web |title=RTI Online |url=http://rtionline.gov.in/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207073306/https://rtionline.gov.in// |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref> ƙofar ga 'yan ƙasa don saurin bincike na bayanai game da cikakkun bayanai na hukumomin daukaka kara na farko, PIOs da sauransu da sauransu, ban da samun damar bayyana bayanan da suka shafi RTI da hukumomin gwamnati daban-daban suka buga a yanar gizo a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Indiya da kuma gwamnatocin jihohi. Shirin ne da Ma'aikatar Ma'aikata da Horarwa, Ma'aikatu, korafe-korafe na jama'a da Fensho suka dauka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About RTI Portal |url=http://rti.gov.in/aboutrti.asp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130204516/http://rti.gov.in/aboutrti.asp |archive-date=30 January 2018 |access-date=2018-01-30 |website=rti.gov.in}}</ref> == Rashin jituwa == === Hare-haren da aka kai wa masu fafutukar RTI === Bayanan Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative (CHRI) sun nuna fiye da shari'o'i 310 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Maharashtra, Gujarat Top in Attacks, Killing of RTI Users |url=https://thewire.in/politics/74320 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408073252/https://thewire.in/politics/74320 |archive-date=8 April 2018 |access-date=2018-04-07 |website=The Wire}}</ref> a duk faɗin Indiya inda aka kai wa mutane hari, a jiki ko a hankali ko kuma dukiyarsu ta lalace saboda bayanan da suka nema a karkashin RTI. Bayanan sun jefa fiye da kisan kai 50 da ake zargi da kashe kansa guda biyu waɗanda ke da alaƙa kai tsaye da aikace-aikacen RTI da aka shigar. Dokar RTI ta 2005 ta shafi gwamnatocin tsakiya da jihohi. Har ila yau, yana rufe ayyukan da ma'aikatan hukumomin gwamnati. Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru sun kuma zama wahayi ga fim din Hindi na 2008 Halla Bol . Akwai yarjejeniya da aka ji cewa akwai buƙatar gyara Dokar RTI don samar da kariya ga waɗanda ke neman bayanai a ƙarƙashin Dokar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Admin {{!}} CauseListReportWeb |url=https://ciconline.nic.in/cicapp/cause-list-report-web/view-decision/1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730081644/https://ciconline.nic.in/cicapp/cause-list-report-web/view-decision/1 |archive-date=30 July 2019 |access-date=2019-07-30 |website=ciconline.nic.in}}</ref> Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Asiya ta ba da shawarar cewa a saka wani babi daban, "Kariya ga waɗanda ke neman bayanai a ƙarƙashin Dokar (RTI) ", a saka shi cikin Dokar. Matakan kariya da aka ba da shawarar sun haɗa da: * Hakki, rajista nan da nan na korafe-korafe na barazanar ko hare-hare kan masu gwagwarmayar RTI a kan Rahoton Bayani na Farko da sanya irin waɗannan FIRs a gaban majistare ko alƙali na yankin cikin awanni 24 don bayar da umarni don kare wadanda ke ƙarƙashin barazanar da danginsu, da kuma sake dubawa na irin waɗannan matakan kariya na lokaci-lokaci * Gudanar da bincike game da barazanar ko hare-hare daga jami'in 'yan sanda wanda ba ya ƙasa da matsayin Mataimakin Superintendent na' yan sanda / Mataimakin Kwamishinan' yan sanda da za a kammala a cikin kwanaki 90 kuma muna amfani da RTI kuma muna samun fa'idarta. === Hakkin mallakar ilimi === Yawancin 'yan majalisa kwanan nan sun yi zargin rushe dokar haƙƙin bayanai ta hanyar kiran gardamar haƙƙin mallaka ta hukumomin gwamnati daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Mafi sanannun sune: * Hakkin Bayani ya musanta ta RBI a kan Demonetization yana ambaton Dokokin Dukiyar Ilimi. * Hakkin Bayani wanda Ma'aikatar Ruwa ta Uttar Pradesh ta ƙi bayan fiye da watanni 8 na jira a karkashin aikin ci gaban Kogin Gomti. Wani rukuni na masu bincike sun nemi tasirin muhalli da Rahoton Shirin a kan aikin wanda aka nuna shi don tasirin mummunan, lalata kuɗin haraji ta masana kimiyyar muhalli kuma rahotanni na bincike. === Mutanen da aka haramta daga shigar da RTI === Hukumar Bayanai ta Jihar Gujarat ta haramta mutane 10 daga gabatar da tambayoyin RTI, suna mai cewa waɗannan mutane suna "tsoro da jami'an gwamnati" ta hanyar gabatar da tambayoyi da yawa tare da "mahimmanci". Wannan shi ne karo na farko a Gujarat da aka haramta yin rajistar binciken RTI, ya lura da NGO Mahiti Adhikar Gujarat Pahel, ya kuma bayyana cewa babu wani tanadi a cikin dokar da ya ba da izinin yin baƙar fata na masu neman.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gujarat: 10 People Banned From Filing RTI Queries; One of Them Fined Rs 5,000, a First in History |url=https://thewire.in/rights/gujarat-10-people-banned-from-filing-rti-queries-one-of-them-fined-rs-5000-a-first-in-history |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=The Wire}}</ref> An bayar da rahoton irin wannan shari'o'i ga kwamitocin bayanai na [[Delhi]], [[Karnataka]], [[Odisha]] da [[Punjab (Indiya)|Punjab]], yawanci ana tabbatar da su ne bisa tushen cin zarafin ma'aikata da rashin amfani ko cin zarafin tanadin RTI. Ana sukar ingancin CIC ko SIC don hana mutane yin amfani da haƙƙin bayanai, musamman tunda dokar RTI ba ta samar da irin wannan tanadi ga kowanne daga cikin hukumomi ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Raiyyan |first=Syed |date=2025-10-22 |title=Why Karnataka HC’s refusal to stay SIC’s order banning individual from future RTI requests unsettles a constitutional guarantee |url=https://theleaflet.in/explainer/why-karnataka-hcs-refusal-to-stay-sics-order-banning-individual-from-future-rti-requests-unsettles-a-constitutional-guarantee |access-date=2026-03-01 |website=The Leaflet |language=en}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Hare-haren da aka kai wa masu fafutukar RTI a Indiya * Manufofin Raba Bayanai na Kasa da Samun dama - Gwamnatin Indiya * Parinamika, tsohuwar kungiyar don haƙƙin bayanai tsakanin 'yan ƙasar Indiya == Bayani == == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * [http://rti.gov.in/rti/search1.asp Hakkin Ma'aikatar Bayanai da hanyoyin sadarwar su] ** [http://rti.gov.in/webactrti.htm Cikakken rubutun Dokar Hakkin Bayanai] ** [http://www.rtionline.gov.in/ RTI na ONLINE] ** [http://cic.gov.in/ CIC] - Hukumar Bayanai ta Tsakiya tana da iko don yanke shawara game da korafe-korafe da roko da suka taso daga amfani da Dokar Hakkin Bayanai, 2005. ** CIC Online - Sabon shafin yanar gizon Hukumar Bayanai ta Tsakiya don gabatar da korafe-korafe da roko da suka taso daga amfani da Dokar Hakkin Bayanai, 2005. ** [http://righttoinformation.gov.in/ DoPT] - Ma'aikatar Ma'aikata da Horarwa, Ma'aikatu, korafe-korafe na jama'a, da Fensho, ana tuhumar su da kasancewa hukumar kula da Dokar Hakkin Bayanai, 2005. Yana da ikon yin dokoki game da roko, kudade, da sauransu. ** [http://rti.gov.in/ Hakkin Bayanai] * Tashoshin RTI na Jiha: ** Kerala RTI Portal - Tashar yanar gizo ta Gwamnatin Kerala don fayil, bi da biyan aikace-aikacen RTI. ** [https://rtionline.tn.gov.in/ Tamil Nadu] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qgcn6zti7qboj0mgvavwg7zdls8qw5j 0 53799 961802 849845 2026-10-02T07:47:41Z CommonsDelinker 75 Removing [[:c:File:Datuk_Seri_Ir_Mohammad_Nizar_Jamaluddin.jpg|Datuk_Seri_Ir_Mohammad_Nizar_Jamaluddin.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Krd|Krd]] because: No [[:c:COM:Source|source]] specified since 24 September 2026. 961802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Dato 'Seri Ir. '''Mohammad Nizar bin Jamaluddin''' (An haife shi a ranar 17 ga watan Maris shekara ta 1957) [[Ɗan siyasa|ɗan siyasan]] Malaysia ne kuma [[injiniya]] wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Zartarwa ta Jihar Perak (EXCO) a cikin gwamnatocin jihar Pakatan Harapan (PH) da Barisan Nasional (BN) a karkashin Menteris Besar [[Ahmad Faizal Azumu]] da [[Saarani Mohammed|Saarani Mohamad]] daga Mayu 2018 zuwa faduwar gwamnatin jihar PH a watan Maris na 2020 kuma tun daga Nuwamba 2022 da kuma memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Peraki (MLA) na S S Sungai Rapat Mayun shekarar 2018. Ya yi aiki a matsayin 10th Menteri Besar na Perak daga Maris 2008 zuwa rushewar gwamnatin jihar Pakatan Rakyat (PR) a watan [[Fabrairu|Fabrairun]] 2009, MLA na Changkat Jering daga Mayu 2013 zuwa Mayu 2018, na Pasir Panjang daga Maris 2008 ruo Mayun shekarar 2013 da kuma memba na majalisar (MP) na Bukit Gantang daga Afrilu 2009 zuwa Mayu 2013. Shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar National Trust Party (AMANAH), wata jam'iyya ce ta hadin gwiwar PH kuma memba ne na jam'iyyar Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), tsohuwar jam'iyyar PR. Har ila yau, shi ne kawai Perak AMANAH MLA a halin yanzu. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Nizar ɗan mahaifin Malay ne da mahaifiyar kasar Sin, kuma an haife shi a cikin gidan Malay-Musulmi.<ref>Hah Foong Lian, [http://www.malaysianbar.org.my/news_features/perak_mb_takes_challenges_in_his_stride.html Perak MB takes challenges in his stride], 4 April 2008, [[Malaysian Bar|The Malaysian Bar]] (original article from [[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]])</ref> Nizar ya auri Datin Seri Fatimah Taat tare da wanda yake da 'ya'ya takwas. Tun daga shekara ta 2009 ya zauna a Sungai Rokam, Perak . Kafin gidansa na yanzu, ya zauna a gidan hukuma na Menteri Besar a Jalan Raja DiHilir . Sakataren jihar, Datuk Abdul Rahman Hashim, ya nemi ya bar shi a shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web|work=New Straits Times |title=Nizar moves out of MB's residence |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Monday/Frontpage/2487208/Article/index_html |date=23 February 2009 |accessdate=23 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224103838/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Monday/Frontpage/2487208/Article/index_html |archive-date=24 February 2009 }}</ref> Nizar ta kammala karatun injiniya ne daga Jami'ar Aston da ke Birmingham, Ingila . Ya ɗauki matsayin babban minista daga Datuk Seri DiRaja Tajol Rosli Mohd . Ghazali na Barisan Nasional . == Ayyukan siyasa == An nada Nizar a matsayin Menteri Besar a ranar 17 ga Maris 2008 amma an kore shi a watan Janairun 2009. Shi ne na farko Menteri Besar na Perak ba daga hadin gwiwar Barisan Nasional ba. Naɗin nasa ya biyo bayan babban zaben shekara ta 2008, inda hadin gwiwar Pakatan Rakyat, wanda ya hada da Jam'iyyar Democratic Action Party (DAP), Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR) da jam'iyyarsa, PAS, suka lashe mafi yawan kujeru a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Perak. Yarima na Perak Raja Nazrin Shah ne ya nada shi a kan wasu 'yan takara biyu, Datuk Ngeh Koo Ham da Jamaluddin Mohd Radzi, nadin sa da farko ya kasance mai kawo rigima, saboda jam'iyyarsa ita ce mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin jam'iyyun Pakatan Rakyat guda uku a majalisar jihar.<ref>{{cite web |work=The Star |title=Triple joy for Perak as birthday boy Nizar assumes post |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/3/17/nation/20666523&sec=nation |date=17 March 2008 |accessdate=11 February 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604002806/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F3%2F17%2Fnation%2F20666523&sec=nation |archive-date=4 June 2011 |df=dmy }}</ref> An cire shi a matsayin Menteri Besar bayan shekara guda, biyo bayan ficewar jam'iyyar Pakatan Rakyat zuwa Barisan Nasional wanda ya ba wa karshen rinjaye a cikin majalisa kuma ya haifar da rikici na tsarin mulki. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1957]] 89gmosnn2f13r4g6ssjd8rqvltbkg7r 0 53971 961833 618262 2026-10-02T09:49:23Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 961833 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tiani in 2025 (cropped).png|thumb|'''Abdourahamane Tchiani''']] '''Abdourahamane Tchiani''' (kuma '''Omar Tchiani''')<ref>{{cite news |title=Niger coup: Abdourahmane Tchiani declares himself leader |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66337767 |date=28 July 2023 |publisher=BBC |access-date=28 July 2023}}</ref> Ya kasance janar ne na sojan [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]] kuma kwamandan dakarun tsaron fadar shugaban kasar Nijar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Omar Tchiani: Who is the General spearheading Niger's coup? |url=https://apanews.net/2023/07/26/omar-tchiani-the-general-spearheading-nigers-coup/ |website=APA |date=26 July 2023 |access-date=27 July 2023 |archive-date=27 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230727101927/https://apanews.net/2023/07/26/omar-tchiani-the-general-spearheading-nigers-coup/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author1=Tchima Illa Issoufou |author2=Lucy Fleming |title=Niger coup: President Mohamed Bazoum in good health, says France |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66324875 |date=28 July 2023 |location=[[Niamey]] |publisher=BBC|access-date=28 July 2023}}</ref> Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a [[Juyin mulkin Nijar 2023|juyin mulkin Jamhuriyar Nijar a shekarar 2023]] ta hanyar kama shugaba [[Mohamed Bazoum]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Aksar |first1=Moussa |last2=Balima |first2=Boureima |title=Niger soldiers say President Bazoum's government has been removed |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/soldiers-nigers-presidential-guard-blockade-presidents-office-security-sources-2023-07-26/ |website=Reuters |date=27 July 2023 |access-date=27 July 2023}}</ref> Daga baya ya ayyana kansa a matsayin [[Jerin shugabannin ƙasar Nijar|shugaban kasar Nijar]] a ranar 28 ga Yuli 2023. == Tarihin Rayuwa == A cewar rahotanni daga kamfanin dillancin labarai na APA, Tchiani ya fito ne daga yankin Tillabéri, yankin da ake daukar ma'aikata na sojojin [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], a yammacin kasar.<ref name="ajwho">{{cite web |title=Who is Omar Tchiani, the suspected brain behind Niger coup? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/27/who-is-omar-tchiani-the-suspected-brain-behind-niger-coup |website=Aljazeera|access-date=27 July 2023}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, ya zama shugaban masu gadin fadar shugaban kasa, kuma ya kasance na hannun damar shugaban kasar na lokacin [[Mahamadou Issoufou]], wanda ya kara masa girma zuwa janar a shekarar 2018. A shekara ta 2021, ya jagoranci rundunar wajen dakile yunkurin juyin mulki a lokacin da rundunar soji ta yi kokarin kwace fadar shugaban kasar kwanaki kafin Issoufou ya sauka domin bai wa wanda ya gaje shi ta hanyar dimokuradiyya, [[Mohamed Bazoum]] damar tsayawa takara, wanda ya rike Tchiani a kan mukaminsa. == Kame iko == A ranar 26 ga watan Yulin 2023, Tchiani ya jagoranci jami'an tsaron fadar shugaban kasar wajen tsare Bazoum a fadar shugaban kasa a [[Niamey|Yamai]] babban birnin kasar a wani bangare na [[Juyin mulkin Nijar 2023|juyin mulkin Jamhuriyar Nijar a shekarar 2023]]. Rahotanni sun ce Tchiani ne ya jagoranci juyin mulkin, wanda masu sharhi suka ce Bazoum ya yi niyyar sauke shi daga mukaminsa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/niger-mutinous-soldiers-attempted-coup-2efab1649bea7d89b14dbc9432f5f819 |title=Niger's president vows democracy will prevail after mutinous soldiers detain him and declare a coup |date=27 July 2023 |website=AP News |access-date=28 July 2023}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga Yuli, Tchiani ya ayyana kansa a matsayin shugaban [[Majalisar Tsaro ta Kasa (Nijar)|Majalisar Kula da Tsaron Gida]] a cikin wani jawabi a [[Tele Sahel|gidan talabijin na kasar]]. Ya ce an yi juyin mulkin ne domin kaucewa “barcewar kasar sannu a hankali, kuma ya ce Bazoum ya yi kokarin boye “gaskiya mai tsauri” na kasar, wanda ya kira “tulin matattu, da muhallansu, wulakanci da takaici. ". Ya kuma soki dabarun tsaro na gwamnati da cewa ba ta da inganci amma bai bayar da lokacin da za a dawo mulkin farar hula ba.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 July 2023 |title=Niger's General Abdourahamane Tchiani declared new leader following coup (state TV) |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230728-niger-s-general-abdourahamane-tchiani-declared-new-leader-following-coup-state-tv |access-date=28 July 2023 |website=[[France 24]] |archive-date=27 July 2023}}</ref><ref name="bbc">{{cite news |title=Niger coup: Abdourahmane Tchiani declares himself leader |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66337767 |date=28 July 2023 |publisher=BBC |access-date=28 July 2023}}</ref><ref name="ajtchiani">{{cite news |title=Niger general Tchiani named head of transitional government after coup |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/28/niger-general-tchiani-named-head-of-transitional-government-after-coup |date=28 July 2023 |publisher=Aljazeera|access-date=28 July 2023}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Sojojin Nijar]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1964]] 53akh3y927zamfivws8wv3lyuw5k80l 0 54067 961726 929171 2026-10-02T06:35:42Z Baffa ali 47435 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373201977|Jeta Amata]]" 961726 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jeta Amata''' Listen ⓘ fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne na Najeriya, an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Agusta, 1974, ga shahararren ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya Zack Amata. Ya fito daga dangin tsoffin masu shirya fina-finai, ciki har da Ifoghale Amata, Zack Amata da [[Fred Amata]] . Tun yana ƙarami a masana'antar fina-finai, bayan sha'awar iyalinsa ga fim, Jeta ya shirya kuma ya ba da umarni a fim ɗinsa na farko, ''Glamour Boyz'', yana da shekaru 21, wanda hakan bai zama abin mamaki ba lokacin da ya fara tasowa a duniyar fina-finai da nishaɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jeta Amata {{!}} Conference on World Affairs {{!}} University of Colorado Boulder |url=https://www.colorado.edu/cwa/jeta-amata |access-date=2025-10-26 |website=www.colorado.edu |language=en}}</ref> An fara nuna fim ɗin Black November a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a lokacin Babban Taron Majalisar a shekarar 2012, kuma an nuna shi a Cibiyar Kennedy da kuma Laburare na Majalisa da ke Washington, DC. Fim ɗin ya zaburar da daukar nauyin wani kuduri na jam'iyyu biyu kan 'yan Niger Delta na Najeriya na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka ta 112, H.CON.RES.121. == Ilimi == Amata ta yi karatun zane-zane a [[Jami'ar jihar Benuwai|Jami'ar Jihar Benue]] da ke [[Makurdi]], Najeriya. == Sana'a == Aikin Amata ya fara fitowa a duniya baki ɗaya lokacin da ya shirya wani fim na shirin gaskiya na [[BBC|British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) a shekara ta 2003, inda ya yi amfani da fim ɗinsa ''Game of Life'' a matsayin fim ɗin shirin gaskiya. Yana da zaɓe sau 53 kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka 10 a gasar fina-finai a Afirka, [[Turai]] da [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu shirya fina-finai da suka fito daga Yammacin Afirka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2018 |title=10 Things You Didn't Know About Jeta Amata &#124; ★Stars★™★ ₳₽₽★ |url=https://www.stars.ng/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-jeta-amata/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622111503/https://www.stars.ng/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-jeta-amata/ |archive-date=2018-06-22}}</ref> Michel Joseph Martelly, Shugaban [[Haiti]], ya naɗa Jeta Amata Jakadan Alheri a Haiti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jeta Amata |url=https://www.colorado.edu/cwa/jeta-amata |access-date=21 November 2025 |website=Conference on World Affairs – University of Colorado Boulder}}</ref> Amata ta yi aiki tare da Kim Basinger, wacce ta lashe kyautar Academy Award , Mickey Rourke, wacce ta lashe kyautar Academy Award, da kuma fitattun mawakan [[Akon]] da Wyclef Jean a fim din ''[[Black November]]'' na shekarar 2012. == Takaitaccen bayani game da ayyuka == === 2004–11 === An fara nuna ɗan gajeren fim ɗin Amata mai suna ''The Alexa Affair'' a bikin fina-finai na Berlin na shekarar 2004. Fim ɗin Amata mai suna ''[[The Amazing Grace]]'', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jeta Amata {{!}} Director, Writer, Producer |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1922660/ |access-date=2025-10-26 |website=IMDb |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fina-finan Yammacin Afirka a bikin Screen Nations Awards na 2006 a Burtaniya, ya kasance fim na farko da aka nuna a bikin fina-finan Cannes . Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, Amata ta sami karramawa saboda fina-finai kamar ''Inale'' da ''Mary Slessor'' . === 2012 - yanzu === An fara nuna fim ''[[Black November|ɗin Black November]]'' a [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] a lokacin Babban Taron Majalisar a shekarar 2012, kuma an nuna shi a Cibiyar Kennedy da kuma [[Dakin Karatu na Congres|Laburare na Majalisa]] da ke [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC.]] Fim ɗin ya zaburar da daukar nauyin wani kuduri na jam'iyyu biyu kan 'yan [[Neja Delta|Niger Delta]] na Najeriya na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka ta 112, H.CON.RES.121. An nuna Amata a cikin shirin fim ɗinsa mai suna ''Into the Delta'', game da halin da yankin Neja Delta ke ciki, a jami'o'i tara a Amurka, ciki har da NYU, Jami'ar George Washington, UCLA da [[Cornell]] . == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani |- |1996 |''[[Glamour Boys (film)|Yara masu ban sha'awa]]'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |1997 |''Babu Abinci ga Alloli'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |2001 |''Mutanda'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |a |- | rowspan="2" |2002 |''Black Mamba'' (bidiyo) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |''Hawaye na mace'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- | rowspan="3" |2003 |''Ƙaunar da ba ta da iyaka'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |Love Entangle (bidiyo) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Kate Henshaw, Segun Arinze |- |Hadari Mai Hadari (bidiyo) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- | rowspan="3" |2004 |''Sarauniya'' (bidiyo) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Nkiru Sylvanus, Stella Damasus |- |''Sarauniya 2'' (bidiyo) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |Al'amarin Alexa (gajere) |Darakta, marubuci, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo | |- | rowspan="3" |2005 |''Ruwan Canji'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Mbong Amata, Stella Damasus |- |''Rikicin Ƙarshe'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |''Wasan Ƙarshe'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Dakore Akande, Rita Dominic, Ini Edo, Enyinna Nwigwe |- |2006 |''[[The Amazing Grace|Alheri Mai Kyau]]'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Mbong Amata, Joke Silva |- |2007 |''Wasan Rayuwa'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |2008 |Mary Slessor (jerin talabijin) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Mbong Amata, Enyinna Nwigwe |- |2009 |''Sarauniya Amina'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |2010 |''[[Inale]]'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Mbong Amata, Caroline Chikezie, Ini Edo |- |2012 |''[[Black November|Black Nuwamba]]'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Mbong Amata, Enyinna Nwigwe |- |2013 |''Sarkin Amurka'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |2016 |''Hanyar Feto'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Viva Bianca, Akon, Margaret Avery, Zack Amata |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == * Verona International African Film Festival, Mafi Kyawun Fim, ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Verona International African Film Festival, Kyautar Masu sauraro, ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Bikin Fim na Duniya na Monaco, Fim mafi Nishaɗi, ''Inale'', 2011 * Bikin Nollywood na Copenhagen, Fim mafi kyau, ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Bikin Fim na Black na Amurka (ABFF), Darakta Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Bikin Fim na Baƙar fata na Amurka (ABFF), Hoton Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Bikin Fim na Black na Amurka (ABFF), Mafi kyawun Fim, ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Kyautar Nishaɗi ta Najeriya, Fim mafi kyau, ''Inale'', 2011 * Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Afirka AAMA, Fim mafi kyau na Najeriya (wanda aka zaba), ''Inale'', 2011 * NFVSB Awards Najeriya, Fim mafi kyau, ''Inale'', 2010 * Bikin Fim na Kasa da Kasa na Abuja, Kyautar Masu sauraro, Mary Slessor, 2009 * Bikin Fim na Kasa da Kasa na Abuja, Mafi Kyawun Short, Mary Slessor, 2009 * SIMA AWARDS, Darakta Mafi Kyawu, The Amazing Grace, 2008 * Kyautar Kasashen Fim, Mafi Kyawun Fim na Yammacin Afirka, The Amazing Grace, 2007 * Kyautar Fim ta Najeriya NMA, Darakta Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), The Amazing Grace, 2007 * Kyautar Fim ta Najeriya NMA, Hoton Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), The Amazing Grace, 2007 * Kyautar Fim ta Najeriya NMA, Mafi kyawun Cinematography, The Amazing Grace, 2007 * Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Afirka AAMA, Darakta Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), The Amazing Grace, 2006 * Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Afirka AAMA, Mafi kyawun Cinematography, The Amazing Grace, 2006 * Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Afirka AAMA, Hoton Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), The Amazing Grace, 2006 * Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Afirka AAMA, Mafi Kyawun Fim (wanda aka zaba), The Amazing Grace, 2006 == Rayuwa ta mutum == A shekara ta 2001 a wani sauraro a Calabar ya sadu da [[Mbong Amata]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mbong Amata |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2297741/ |access-date=2017-12-20 |website=IMDb}}</ref> Shekaru biyu bayan haka, lokacin da take da shekaru 18, sun fara soyayya. Sun yi aure a shekara ta 2008 kuma an haifi 'yarsu Veno daga baya a wannan shekarar. A shekara ta 2013 sun rabu kuma a shekara ta 2014 sun sake aure. Amata a halin yanzu yana cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da Vanessa Teemsma, wanda ya yi aiki a cikin samarwa a fina-finai, gami da Black November . Amata da Teemsma sun yi maraba da ɗa a cikin 2019, mai suna Kessiena Donald Amata, sunan tsakiya ya kasance bayan mahaifin Teemsma. == Dubi kuma == * [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]] * Category:Fim din da Jeta Amata ta shirya == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] fw2ezchzhrj4wsk657kwocavxg77sbf 961730 961726 2026-10-02T06:37:42Z Baffa ali 47435 961730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jeta Amata''' Listen ⓘ fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne na Najeriya, an haife shi a ranar 21 ga Agusta, 1974, ga shahararren ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya Zack Amata. Ya fito daga dangin tsoffin masu shirya fina-finai, ciki har da Ifoghale Amata, Zack Amata da [[Fred Amata]] . Tun yana ƙarami a masana'antar fina-finai, bayan sha'awar iyalinsa ga fim, Jeta ya shirya kuma ya ba da umarni a fim ɗinsa na farko, ''Glamour Boyz'', yana da shekaru 21, wanda hakan bai zama abin mamaki ba lokacin da ya fara tasowa a duniyar fina-finai da nishaɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jeta Amata {{!}} Conference on World Affairs {{!}} University of Colorado Boulder |url=https://www.colorado.edu/cwa/jeta-amata |access-date=2025-10-26 |website=www.colorado.edu |language=en}}</ref> == Ilimi == Amata ta yi karatun zane-zane a [[Jami'ar jihar Benuwai|Jami'ar Jihar Benue]] da ke [[Makurdi]], Najeriya. == Sana'a == Aikin Amata ya fara fitowa a duniya baki ɗaya lokacin da ya shirya wani fim na shirin gaskiya na [[BBC|British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) a shekara ta 2003, inda ya yi amfani da fim ɗinsa ''Game of Life'' a matsayin fim ɗin shirin gaskiya. Yana da zaɓe sau 53 kuma ya lashe kyaututtuka 10 a gasar fina-finai a Afirka, [[Turai]] da [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu shirya fina-finai da suka fito daga Yammacin Afirka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2018 |title=10 Things You Didn't Know About Jeta Amata &#124; ★Stars★™★ ₳₽₽★ |url=https://www.stars.ng/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-jeta-amata/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622111503/https://www.stars.ng/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-jeta-amata/ |archive-date=2018-06-22}}</ref> Michel Joseph Martelly, Shugaban [[Haiti]], ya naɗa Jeta Amata Jakadan Alheri a Haiti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jeta Amata |url=https://www.colorado.edu/cwa/jeta-amata |access-date=21 November 2025 |website=Conference on World Affairs – University of Colorado Boulder}}</ref> Amata ta yi aiki tare da Kim Basinger, wacce ta lashe kyautar Academy Award , Mickey Rourke, wacce ta lashe kyautar Academy Award, da kuma fitattun mawakan [[Akon]] da Wyclef Jean a fim din ''[[Black November]]'' na shekarar 2012. == Takaitaccen bayani game da ayyuka == === 2004–11 === An fara nuna ɗan gajeren fim ɗin Amata mai suna ''The Alexa Affair'' a bikin fina-finai na Berlin na shekarar 2004. Fim ɗin Amata mai suna ''[[The Amazing Grace]]'', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jeta Amata {{!}} Director, Writer, Producer |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1922660/ |access-date=2025-10-26 |website=IMDb |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fina-finan Yammacin Afirka a bikin Screen Nations Awards na 2006 a Burtaniya, ya kasance fim na farko da aka nuna a bikin fina-finan Cannes . Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, Amata ta sami karramawa saboda fina-finai kamar ''Inale'' da ''Mary Slessor'' . === 2012 - yanzu === An fara nuna fim ''[[Black November|ɗin Black November]]'' a [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] a lokacin Babban Taron Majalisar a shekarar 2012, kuma an nuna shi a Cibiyar Kennedy da kuma [[Dakin Karatu na Congres|Laburare na Majalisa]] da ke [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC.]] Fim ɗin ya zaburar da daukar nauyin wani kuduri na jam'iyyu biyu kan 'yan [[Neja Delta|Niger Delta]] na Najeriya na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka ta 112, H.CON.RES.121. An nuna Amata a cikin shirin fim ɗinsa mai suna ''Into the Delta'', game da halin da yankin Neja Delta ke ciki, a jami'o'i tara a Amurka, ciki har da NYU, Jami'ar George Washington, UCLA da [[Cornell]] . == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani |- |1996 |''[[Glamour Boys (film)|Yara masu ban sha'awa]]'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |1997 |''Babu Abinci ga Alloli'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |2001 |''Mutanda'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |a |- | rowspan="2" |2002 |''Black Mamba'' (bidiyo) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |''Hawaye na mace'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- | rowspan="3" |2003 |''Ƙaunar da ba ta da iyaka'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |Love Entangle (bidiyo) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Kate Henshaw, Segun Arinze |- |Hadari Mai Hadari (bidiyo) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- | rowspan="3" |2004 |''Sarauniya'' (bidiyo) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Nkiru Sylvanus, Stella Damasus |- |''Sarauniya 2'' (bidiyo) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |Al'amarin Alexa (gajere) |Darakta, marubuci, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo | |- | rowspan="3" |2005 |''Ruwan Canji'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Mbong Amata, Stella Damasus |- |''Rikicin Ƙarshe'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |''Wasan Ƙarshe'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Dakore Akande, Rita Dominic, Ini Edo, Enyinna Nwigwe |- |2006 |''[[The Amazing Grace|Alheri Mai Kyau]]'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Mbong Amata, Joke Silva |- |2007 |''Wasan Rayuwa'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |2008 |Mary Slessor (jerin talabijin) |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Mbong Amata, Enyinna Nwigwe |- |2009 |''Sarauniya Amina'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |2010 |''[[Inale]]'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Mbong Amata, Caroline Chikezie, Ini Edo |- |2012 |''[[Black November|Black Nuwamba]]'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Mbong Amata, Enyinna Nwigwe |- |2013 |''Sarkin Amurka'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa | |- |2016 |''Hanyar Feto'' |Darakta, marubuci, furodusa |mai gabatarwa: Viva Bianca, Akon, Margaret Avery, Zack Amata |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == * Verona International African Film Festival, Mafi Kyawun Fim, ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Verona International African Film Festival, Kyautar Masu sauraro, ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Bikin Fim na Duniya na Monaco, Fim mafi Nishaɗi, ''Inale'', 2011 * Bikin Nollywood na Copenhagen, Fim mafi kyau, ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Bikin Fim na Black na Amurka (ABFF), Darakta Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Bikin Fim na Baƙar fata na Amurka (ABFF), Hoton Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Bikin Fim na Black na Amurka (ABFF), Mafi kyawun Fim, ''Black Nuwamba'', 2011 * Kyautar Nishaɗi ta Najeriya, Fim mafi kyau, ''Inale'', 2011 * Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Afirka AAMA, Fim mafi kyau na Najeriya (wanda aka zaba), ''Inale'', 2011 * NFVSB Awards Najeriya, Fim mafi kyau, ''Inale'', 2010 * Bikin Fim na Kasa da Kasa na Abuja, Kyautar Masu sauraro, Mary Slessor, 2009 * Bikin Fim na Kasa da Kasa na Abuja, Mafi Kyawun Short, Mary Slessor, 2009 * SIMA AWARDS, Darakta Mafi Kyawu, The Amazing Grace, 2008 * Kyautar Kasashen Fim, Mafi Kyawun Fim na Yammacin Afirka, The Amazing Grace, 2007 * Kyautar Fim ta Najeriya NMA, Darakta Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), The Amazing Grace, 2007 * Kyautar Fim ta Najeriya NMA, Hoton Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), The Amazing Grace, 2007 * Kyautar Fim ta Najeriya NMA, Mafi kyawun Cinematography, The Amazing Grace, 2007 * Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Afirka AAMA, Darakta Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), The Amazing Grace, 2006 * Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Afirka AAMA, Mafi kyawun Cinematography, The Amazing Grace, 2006 * Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Afirka AAMA, Hoton Mafi Kyawu (wanda aka zaba), The Amazing Grace, 2006 * Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Afirka AAMA, Mafi Kyawun Fim (wanda aka zaba), The Amazing Grace, 2006 == Rayuwa ta mutum == A shekara ta 2001 a wani sauraro a Calabar ya sadu da [[Mbong Amata]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mbong Amata |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2297741/ |access-date=2017-12-20 |website=IMDb}}</ref> Shekaru biyu bayan haka, lokacin da take da shekaru 18, sun fara soyayya. Sun yi aure a shekara ta 2008 kuma an haifi 'yarsu Veno daga baya a wannan shekarar. A shekara ta 2013 sun rabu kuma a shekara ta 2014 sun sake aure. Amata a halin yanzu yana cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da Vanessa Teemsma, wanda ya yi aiki a cikin samarwa a fina-finai, gami da Black November . Amata da Teemsma sun yi maraba da ɗa a cikin 2019, mai suna Kessiena Donald Amata, sunan tsakiya ya kasance bayan mahaifin Teemsma. == Dubi kuma == * [[Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya]] * Category:Fim din da Jeta Amata ta shirya == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gapdf80m9uo7eqzpw8y098r3fb7i5j1 0 54275 961723 960152 2026-10-02T06:31:36Z Baffa ali 47435 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372544952|Oluwole Ogundare]]" 961723 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oluwole Ogundare Ezekiel''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Wole Ogundare''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Agusta 1984) [[Darakta|daraktan]] fina-finai ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]], Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire, daraktan bidiyon kiɗa kuma furodusa . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oluwole Ogundare |url=https://filmfreeway.com/OluwoleOgundare |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=filmfreeway.com}}</ref> 12345Balogun ta yi karatun fim a Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematography . Shekaru bayan kammala karatunsa, ya rubuta takardar digirin digirinsa a kan fina-finai.[1]Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Wole Ogundare a [[Lagos (birni)|birnin Lagos]] na Najeriya a watan Agusta na shekarar 1984. Ya halarci Makarantar Nursery da Firamare ta Jelly Las sannan ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Folbim, Legas. Daga baya ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] inda ya yi karatun Fasahar Bayanai da kuma [[Makarantar Kwalejin Jihar Osun|Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Osun inda]] ya sami digirin farko a fannin sadarwa . == Sana'a == An fara ba da umarni a Ogundare a shekarar 2016 don shirin kasada na shirin Najeriya mai suna "Lola" wanda Celine Dimas ta shirya. A shekarar 2020, ya ba da umarni a fim ɗin Najeriya mai suna Violated (wani ɗan gajeren fim game da Fyade da Cin Zarafi) wanda [[Seun Sean Jimoh]] da Lekan Ogunjobi suka fito a ciki. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2020 |title=Watch ''Violated'' - The Trending Short Rape Movie |url=https://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2020/6/watch-violated-the-trending-short-rape-movie.html.html |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=lindaikejisblog.com}}</ref> == Fim ɗin wani ɓangare == === Fim === {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Shekara ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Fim ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Matsayin ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Bayanan kula ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Ref. |- | 2016 | ''Lola Jerin Wasanni'' | Darakta | Jerin Talabijin | |- | 2020 | ''An keta doka'' | Darakta, Mai Shiryawa, Edita | Gajeren fim | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Violated |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13162472/ |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Watch this Short Film "Violated" Addressing Rape and Abuse |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/short-film-violated-addresses-rape-and-abuse/ |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}</ref> |- | 2021 | ''Yanar gizo'' | Darakta, Mai Shiryawa, Edita | Fim ɗin Fim | <ref>{{Cite web |title=REGINA ASKIA SPILLS SEX DETAILS ON FORTHCOMING MOVIE, WEB |url=https://yara.ng/regina-askia-spills-sex-details-on-forthcoming-movie-web/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819010419/https://yara.ng/regina-askia-spills-sex-details-on-forthcoming-movie-web/ |archive-date=August 19, 2022 |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=yara.ng}}</ref> |- | 2021 | ''Amurka'' | Daraktan Ƙirƙira | Wasan Yarabawa | |} == Zaɓaɓɓen bidiyon kiɗa (a matsayin darakta) == * 2016: "Bouce it remix" na MC Galaxy ft Beniton X Double Dose <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bez Drops New Video, Say |url=http://www.channelstv.com/2013/07/24/bez-drops-new-video-say/ |website=Channels Television}}</ref> * 2018: "Stamina Remix" na Korede Bello X Gyptian X Young DX DJ Tunez <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2018 |title=VIDEO: Korede Bello X Gyptian X Young D X DJ Tunez - Stamina (International Remix) |url=https://notjustok.com/videos/video-korede-bello-x-gyptian-x-young-d-x-dj-tunez-stamina-international-remix/ |access-date=18 August 2022 |website=NotjustOk}}</ref> * 2016: "Sannu" ta MC Galaxy <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2016 |title=New Video: MC Galaxy – Hello |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/01/new-video-mc-galaxy-hello/ |access-date=18 August 2022 |website=BellaNaija}}</ref> * 2016: "Shupe For Ayade" na MC Galaxy * 2019: "Koloko" na BM X Nestreya <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 March 2019 |title=VIDEO: BM & Nestreya – Koloko |url=https://jukeboxmusic.com.ng/video-bm-nestreya-koloko/ |access-date=18 August 2022 |website=jukeboxmusic.com.ng}}</ref> * 2019: "Ku Yi Rayuwarku" ta Ms. Bodega X Gyptian X MC Galaxy X Neza X Neil Bajayo X Young D * 2018: "Wannan Mace" ta Maxi Priest X [[Yemi Alade]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2018 |title=VIDEO: Maxi Priest ft. Yemi Alade - This Woman |url=https://notjustok.com/videos/video-maxi-priest-ft-yemi-alade-this-woman/ |access-date=18 August 2022 |website=NotjustOk}}</ref> * 2019: "Aikin Jiki" na Young DX Harmonize X [[Banki na Reekado|Reekado Banks]] * 2016: "Snap O (Snapchat)" na MC Galaxy X Neza X Mucicmanty X Kelli Pyle <ref>{{Cite web |title=MUSIC: MC Galaxy – Snapchat Ft. Neza Africa, Kelly Pyle & Musicman TY |url=https://confirmgist.com.ng/2016/07/music-mc-galaxy-snapchat-ft-neza-africa-kelly-pyle-musicman-ty/ |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=confirmgist.com.ng}}</ref> * 2017: "Sokutu" na Koffi X Small Doctor X [[Qdot]] X QDot <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2016 |title=VIDEO: Koffi – Sokutu Ft Small Doctor & QDot |url=https://www.mp3bullet.ng/video-koffi-sokutu-ft-small-doctor-qdot/ |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=mp3bullet.ng}}</ref> * 2024: "Na Made It" ta Harmonize feat. Bobby Shmurda & Bien == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Kyauta ! Nau'i ! Sakamako ! Bayani |- | 2020 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Afirka a Amurka | Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire na shekara|{{Won}} | |- | 2021 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Afirka a Amurka | Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire na shekara|{{Won}} | <ref name="AEAUSA 2021 WINNERS">{{Cite web |date=2022-01-09 |title=2021 WINNERS |url=https://aeausa.net/awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205215008/https://aeausa.net/awards/ |archive-date=2021-12-05 |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=aeausa.net |language=en-US}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] nib9ekuco3hw60x7j08e152ai2kei05 961724 961723 2026-10-02T06:32:07Z Baffa ali 47435 961724 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Oluwole Ogundare Ezekiel''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Wole Ogundare''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Agusta 1984) [[Darakta|daraktan]] fina-finai ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]], Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire, daraktan bidiyon kiɗa kuma furodusa . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Oluwole Ogundare |url=https://filmfreeway.com/OluwoleOgundare |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=filmfreeway.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Wole Ogundare a [[Lagos (birni)|birnin Lagos]] na Najeriya a watan Agusta na shekarar 1984. Ya halarci Makarantar Nursery da Firamare ta Jelly Las sannan ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Folbim, Legas. Daga baya ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo]] inda ya yi karatun Fasahar Bayanai da kuma [[Makarantar Kwalejin Jihar Osun|Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Osun inda]] ya sami digirin farko a fannin sadarwa . == Sana'a == An fara ba da umarni a Ogundare a shekarar 2016 don shirin kasada na shirin Najeriya mai suna "Lola" wanda Celine Dimas ta shirya. A shekarar 2020, ya ba da umarni a fim ɗin Najeriya mai suna Violated (wani ɗan gajeren fim game da Fyade da Cin Zarafi) wanda [[Seun Sean Jimoh]] da Lekan Ogunjobi suka fito a ciki. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2020 |title=Watch ''Violated'' - The Trending Short Rape Movie |url=https://www.lindaikejisblog.com/2020/6/watch-violated-the-trending-short-rape-movie.html.html |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=lindaikejisblog.com}}</ref> == Fim ɗin wani ɓangare == === Fim === {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Shekara ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Fim ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Matsayin ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Bayanan kula ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Ref. |- | 2016 | ''Lola Jerin Wasanni'' | Darakta | Jerin Talabijin | |- | 2020 | ''An keta doka'' | Darakta, Mai Shiryawa, Edita | Gajeren fim | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Violated |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13162472/ |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2020 |title=Watch this Short Film "Violated" Addressing Rape and Abuse |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/short-film-violated-addresses-rape-and-abuse/ |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=bellanaija.com}}</ref> |- | 2021 | ''Yanar gizo'' | Darakta, Mai Shiryawa, Edita | Fim ɗin Fim | <ref>{{Cite web |title=REGINA ASKIA SPILLS SEX DETAILS ON FORTHCOMING MOVIE, WEB |url=https://yara.ng/regina-askia-spills-sex-details-on-forthcoming-movie-web/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819010419/https://yara.ng/regina-askia-spills-sex-details-on-forthcoming-movie-web/ |archive-date=August 19, 2022 |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=yara.ng}}</ref> |- | 2021 | ''Amurka'' | Daraktan Ƙirƙira | Wasan Yarabawa | |} == Zaɓaɓɓen bidiyon kiɗa (a matsayin darakta) == * 2016: "Bouce it remix" na MC Galaxy ft Beniton X Double Dose <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bez Drops New Video, Say |url=http://www.channelstv.com/2013/07/24/bez-drops-new-video-say/ |website=Channels Television}}</ref> * 2018: "Stamina Remix" na Korede Bello X Gyptian X Young DX DJ Tunez <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2018 |title=VIDEO: Korede Bello X Gyptian X Young D X DJ Tunez - Stamina (International Remix) |url=https://notjustok.com/videos/video-korede-bello-x-gyptian-x-young-d-x-dj-tunez-stamina-international-remix/ |access-date=18 August 2022 |website=NotjustOk}}</ref> * 2016: "Sannu" ta MC Galaxy <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2016 |title=New Video: MC Galaxy – Hello |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/01/new-video-mc-galaxy-hello/ |access-date=18 August 2022 |website=BellaNaija}}</ref> * 2016: "Shupe For Ayade" na MC Galaxy * 2019: "Koloko" na BM X Nestreya <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 March 2019 |title=VIDEO: BM & Nestreya – Koloko |url=https://jukeboxmusic.com.ng/video-bm-nestreya-koloko/ |access-date=18 August 2022 |website=jukeboxmusic.com.ng}}</ref> * 2019: "Ku Yi Rayuwarku" ta Ms. Bodega X Gyptian X MC Galaxy X Neza X Neil Bajayo X Young D * 2018: "Wannan Mace" ta Maxi Priest X [[Yemi Alade]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2018 |title=VIDEO: Maxi Priest ft. Yemi Alade - This Woman |url=https://notjustok.com/videos/video-maxi-priest-ft-yemi-alade-this-woman/ |access-date=18 August 2022 |website=NotjustOk}}</ref> * 2019: "Aikin Jiki" na Young DX Harmonize X [[Banki na Reekado|Reekado Banks]] * 2016: "Snap O (Snapchat)" na MC Galaxy X Neza X Mucicmanty X Kelli Pyle <ref>{{Cite web |title=MUSIC: MC Galaxy – Snapchat Ft. Neza Africa, Kelly Pyle & Musicman TY |url=https://confirmgist.com.ng/2016/07/music-mc-galaxy-snapchat-ft-neza-africa-kelly-pyle-musicman-ty/ |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=confirmgist.com.ng}}</ref> * 2017: "Sokutu" na Koffi X Small Doctor X [[Qdot]] X QDot <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2016 |title=VIDEO: Koffi – Sokutu Ft Small Doctor & QDot |url=https://www.mp3bullet.ng/video-koffi-sokutu-ft-small-doctor-qdot/ |access-date=August 18, 2022 |publisher=mp3bullet.ng}}</ref> * 2024: "Na Made It" ta Harmonize feat. Bobby Shmurda & Bien == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Kyauta ! Nau'i ! Sakamako ! Bayani |- | 2020 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Afirka a Amurka | Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire na shekara|{{Won}} | |- | 2021 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Afirka a Amurka | Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire na shekara|{{Won}} | <ref name="AEAUSA 2021 WINNERS">{{Cite web |date=2022-01-09 |title=2021 WINNERS |url=https://aeausa.net/awards/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205215008/https://aeausa.net/awards/ |archive-date=2021-12-05 |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=aeausa.net |language=en-US}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] k70ghmnkysc43ku9cgxilv8vndxs522 0 57737 961835 521296 2026-10-02T09:56:36Z Adamu mc 32775 961835 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Stub}} [[File:Student using desktop computer at CIJEF in 2004.jpg|thumb]] '''Shin ko kansan ilimi''' nanufin zaman duniyar dan [[adam]] kalmar [[ilimi]] ta fito ne daga harshe lati [[verb]], ilimi na nufin horarwa ko habaka baya da ilimantarwa acikin [[tarihi]] munufar ilimantarwa ta bawa yan kananan jama'a damar fahimtar juna a ta hanyar ilmintar da juna da fahimtar al'ummomi. [[File:Предавање на Дан Шехтман во Институтот за хемија, ПМФ, Скопје 02.jpg|thumb]] ==Manazarta== ibj4i0vzvfz650mflj3fimefisr1bl7 0 57965 961439 765512 2026-10-01T16:04:11Z Uncle Bash007 9891 Uncle Bash007 moved page [[Babban taron jam'iyyar Republican]] to [[Jam'iyyar National Republican Convention]] 765512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}{{hujja}} Jam’iyyar '''National Republican Convention''',jam’iyyar siyasa ce ta Najeriya da gwamnatin Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida]] ta kafa,kuma daga karshe gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ta rushe a shekarar 1993. == Daidaitawa == An dai shirya jam’iyyar ne domin ta samu ra’ayin wasu ‘yan Najeriya [[Conservatism|masu ra’ayin rikau]],ta samu bunkasuwa a manyan jihohin Arewa da Jihohin Gabas na [[Abiya|Abia]] da [[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu]].Duk da haka,mutane da yawa sun ji cewa akwai ɗan bambanci tsakanin jam'iyyar da abokin hamayyarta,Social Democratic Party,wata gwamnati ta kirkiro jam'iyyar.Bangarorin biyu dai na karkashin kulawar gwamnatin mulkin soja ne,kuma mafi yawan ‘yan takarar shugabancin kasar sun amince da a ci gaba da shirin gyara tsarin gwamnatin Babangida. == Tarihi == Jam’iyyar dai ta kasance babbar haduwar manyan kungiyoyi guda uku, watau Liberal Convention,da National Congress National Congress da kuma na Tarayya.A zaben fidda gwani na shugaban kasa na farko, wasu fitattun shugabannin [[Hausa–Fulani|Hausa-Fulani]] ne suka mamaye zaben.[[Adamu Ciroma]],tsohon minista kuma tsohon gwamnan babban bankin kasa shine babban dan takararsa;ya tattara kusan kuri'u 270,000.[[Umaru Shinkafi]],ya zo na biyu da kusan 250,000. Jam'iyyar ta kasance karkashin jagorancin Tom Ikimi,masanin gine-gine daga [[Edo|jihar Edo]]. == Manazarta == 6145mw3003ys5407x6fy1attu9mkwb5 0 59938 961398 950112 2026-10-01T13:20:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} '''Climatology''' (daga Girkanci {{Lang|grc|κλίμα}}</ , ''klima'', "tudu"; da {{Lang|grc|-λογία}} ko '''kimiyyar yanayi''' shine binciken kimiyya na [[Climate|yanayin]] duniya, yawanci ana bayyana shi azaman yanayin yanayi wanda ya wuce tsawon shekaru akalla 30. <ref>Climate Prediction Center. [http://www.cpc.noaa.gov/products/outreach/glossary.shtml#C Climate Glossary.]</ref> Sauyin yanayi ya shafi yanayin yanayi a cikin tsawaitawa zuwa wani lokaci mara iyaka; yanayi shine yanayin yanayi a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci na dangi. Muhimman batutuwan bincike su ne nazarin [[canjin yanayi|sauyin yanayi]], [[Canjin yanayi|hanyoyin sauyin yanayi]] da [[Canjin yanayi|sauyin yanayi na zamani]].<ref>http://drought.unl.edu/DroughtBasics/WhatisClimatology.aspx</ref> <ref>Archived 6 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 23 November 2006.</ref> Wannan batu na nazari ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin wani ɓangare na ilimin kimiyyar yanayi da yanki na labarin kasa, wanda ɗaya ne daga cikin [[Earth science|ilimin kimiyyar duniya]] . Ilimin yanayi ya haɗa da wasu ɓangarori na nazarin teku da nazarin halittu. Babban hanyoyin da masana kimiyyar yanayi ke amfani da su su ne nazarin abubuwan lura da kuma tsara tsarin tafiyar da jiki wanda ke ƙayyade yanayi. Ana iya fassara hasashen yanayi na ɗan gajeren lokaci dangane da ilimin abubuwan da ke faruwa na dogon lokaci, alal misali yanayin yanayin yanayi kamar El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO). ), da Arctic oscillation (AO), da Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), da kuma Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). Ana amfani da nau'ikan yanayi don dalilai daban-daban tun daga nazarin yanayin yanayi da tsarin yanayi zuwa hasashen yanayi na gaba. <ref>http://drought.unl.edu/DroughtBasics/WhatisClimatology.aspx</ref> == Tarihi == Girkawa sun fara nazarin yanayin yanayi; a haƙiƙa kalmar yanayi ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Helenanci klima, ma'ana "tudu", tana nufin gangara ko karkata ga axis na duniya. Tabbataccen rubutu mafi tasiri game da yanayi shine ''On Airs, Ruwa da Wurare'' <ref name=":0">https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fwcc.61</ref> wanda Hippocrates ya rubuta game da 400 KZ . Wannan aikin ya yi tsokaci kan tasirin yanayi kan lafiyar ɗan adam da bambance-bambancen al'adu tsakanin Asiya da Turai. <ref name=":0" /> Wannan ra'ayin cewa sauyin yanayi ke sarrafa abin da al'umma suka yi fice dangane da yanayinsu, ko ''ƙayyadaddun yanayin yanayi'', ya kasance mai tasiri cikin tarihi. <ref name=":0" /> Masanin kimiyyar kasar Sin Shen Kuo (1031-1095) ya yi nuni da cewa, yanayin yanayi ya canza zuwa wani lokaci mai tsawo, bayan da ya lura da bambos da aka samu a karkashin kasa kusa da Yanzhou (Lardin Yan'an na zamani, lardin Shaanxi ), wani yanki mai bushewa da bai dace ba a lokacin. girma na bamboo. <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=ttMUHDRgr6MC&pg=PA293</ref> Ƙirƙirar ma'aunin zafi da sanyioi a lokacin juyin juya halin kimiyya ya ba da damar yin rikodin tsari, wanda ya fara tun daga 1640-1642 a Ingila. <ref name=":0" /> Masu binciken yanayi na farko sun hada da Edmund Halley, wanda ya buga taswirar iskar kasuwanci a 1686 bayan tafiya zuwa kudancin kudancin. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) ya fara zana taswirar kogin Gulf don amfani da shi wajen aika wasiku daga Arewacin nahiyar Amurka zuwa Turai. Francis Galton (1822-1911) ya ƙirƙira kalmar ''anticyclone'' . <ref>Life Stories. [http://www.channel4.com/science/microsites/S/science/life/biog_galton.html Francis Galton.] Retrieved on 19 April 2007.</ref> Helmut Landsberg (1906-1985) ya haɓaka yin amfani da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga a cikin climatology. A farkon karni na 20, climatology an fi jaddada bayanin yanayin yanki. Wannan ma'anar yanayin yanayi galibi kimiyya ce mai amfani, tana ba manoma da sauran masu sha'awar kididdiga game da yanayin yanayi na yau da kullun da kuma yadda babbar dama ta kasance na abubuwan da suka faru. <ref>https://history.aip.org/climate/climogy.htm</ref> Don yin wannan, masana kimiyyar yanayi dole ne su ayyana ''yanayin yanayi na yau da kullun'', ko matsakaicin yanayi da matsananciyar yanayi na tsawon shekaru 30. {{Sfn|Robinson|Henderson-Sellers|1999}} Yayin da masana kimiyya suka san sauyin yanayi da suka gabata kamar shekarun kankara, manufar sauyin yanayi kamar canzawa kawai a hankali yana da amfani don kwatanta yanayin yanayi. Wannan ya fara canzawa a cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, kuma yayin da tarihin kimiyyar canjin yanayi ya fara a baya, sauyin yanayi kawai ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan batutuwan binciken masana yanayi a cikin shekarun 1970 da kuma bayan haka. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climatology#CITEREFRobinsonHenderson-Sellers1999</ref> == Filayen ƙasa == Daban-daban batutuwa na climatology suna nazarin fannoni daban-daban na yanayi. Akwai rarrabuwa daban-daban na ƙananan batutuwa na climatology. alal misali tana gano ilimin yanayin yanayi, kimiyyar yanayi da kuma amfani da yanayin yanayi a matsayin rukuni uku na climatology, rarrabuwa dangane da sarƙaƙƙiya da manufar binciken. <ref>https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199874002/obo-9780199874002-0096.xml</ref> Kwararrun masana yanayin yanayi suna amfani da ƙwarewar su ga masana'antu daban-daban kamar [[Masana'anta|masana'antu]] da [[noma]] . {{Sfn|Wang|Gillies|2012}} Paleoclimatology shine ƙoƙari na sake ginawa da fahimtar yanayin da suka gabata ta hanyar nazarin bayanan irin su kankara da zoben bishiyoyi ( dendroclimatology ). Paleotempestology yana amfani da waɗannan bayanan guda ɗaya don taimakawa tantance mitar guguwa sama da millenni. Ilimin yanayi na tarihi shine nazarin yanayi dangane da tarihin ɗan adam don haka ya fi damuwa da ƴan shekaru dubu da suka gabata. Yanayin yanayi na iyaka-Layer ya shafi musanya a cikin ruwa, makamashi da kuzari kusa da saman. <ref name=":1">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Rohli|Vega|2018}}</ref> Ƙarin da aka gano ƙananan batutuwa sune ilimin yanayi na jiki, climatology mai ƙarfi, [[Tornado climatology|climatology na hadari]], climatology na yanki, [[bioclimatology]], da kuma climatology [[Synoptic sikelin meteorology|na synoptic]] . Nazarin [[zagayowar ruwa]] a kan ma'auni na tsawon lokaci wani lokaci ana kiransa hydroclimatology, musamman lokacin nazarin tasirin sauyin yanayi akan zagayowar ruwa. <ref name=":1" /> == Hanyoyin == Nazarin yanayin yanayi na zamani ya ƙunshi bayanan yanayi da aka tara sama da shekaru masu yawa, kamar bayanan ruwan sama, yanayin zafi da yanayin yanayi. Ilimin yanayi da yanayinsa shima yana kunshe a cikin ƙididdiga, ko dai na ƙididdiga ko lissafi, waɗanda ke taimakawa ta haɗa abubuwan lura daban-daban da gwada yadda suka dace. Ana amfani da ƙirar ƙira don fahimtar abubuwan da suka gabata, na yanzu da yuwuwar yanayi na gaba. Binciken yanayin yana da wahala ta hanyar babban ma'auni, tsawon lokaci, da kuma hadaddun matakai waɗanda ke tafiyar da yanayin. Ana gudanar da yanayin ta hanyar ka'idodin zahiri waɗanda za a iya bayyana su azaman [[Matsaloli daban-daban|daidaitattun daidaito]] . Waɗannan ma'auni suna haɗe-haɗe kuma ba a kan layi ba, don haka ana samun kusan mafita ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin lambobi don ƙirƙirar [[Samfurin yanayi na duniya|samfuran yanayi na duniya]] . Wani lokaci ana yin ƙirƙira yanayin yanayi azaman [[Tsarin Stochastic|tsari na stochastic]] amma ana karɓar wannan gabaɗaya azaman ƙimayar tafiyar matakai waɗanda in ba haka ba suna da wuyar tantancewa. == Bayanan yanayi == Tarin dogon rikodin canjin yanayi yana da mahimmanci don nazarin yanayi. Climatology yana hulɗa da jimillar bayanan da masana yanayi suka rubuta. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.climate.gov/maps-data/primer/processing-climate-data |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-09-15 |archive-date=2020-01-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200113094222/https://www.climate.gov/maps-data/primer/processing-climate-data |url-status=dead }}</ref> Masana kimiyya suna amfani da duban yanayi kai tsaye da kaikaice, tun daga [[Duniya kallon tauraron dan adam|duniya suna kallon tauraron dan adam]] da kayan aikin kimiyya kamar cibiyar sadarwa ta duniya na [[Thermometer|ma'aunin zafi da sanyio]], zuwa kankara [[Prehistory|na tarihi]] da aka ciro daga [[Glacier|glaciers]] . <ref>https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/34/what-kinds-of-data-do-scientists-use-to-study-climate</ref> Yayin da aunawa fasahar ke canzawa a kan lokaci, yawancin bayanan ba za a iya kwatanta su kai tsaye ba. Yayin da biranen ke da zafi fiye da wuraren da ke kewaye da su, [[Birane|ƙauyuka]] ya sa ya zama dole a koyaushe a daidaita bayanai don wannan tasirin tsibirin zafi na birane . {{Sfn|Rohli|Vega|2011}} == Samfura == Samfuran yanayi suna amfani da hanyoyin ƙididdigewa don kwaikwayi mu'amalar yanayi, tekuna, saman ƙasa, da kankara. Ana amfani da su don dalilai daban-daban tun daga nazarin yanayin yanayi da tsarin yanayi zuwa hasashen yanayi na gaba. Duk samfuran yanayi ma'auni, ko kusan ma'auni, makamashi mai shigowa a matsayin gajeriyar igiyar ruwa (ciki har da bayyane) radiation na lantarki zuwa ƙasa tare da makamashi mai fita kamar tsayin igiyar ruwa (infrared) electromagnetic radiation daga ƙasa. Duk wani rashin daidaituwa yana haifar da canjin matsakaicin zafin duniya. Yawancin samfuran yanayi sun haɗa da tasirin radiyo na iskar gas kamar carbon dioxide . Waɗannan samfuran suna hasashen yanayin haɓakar yanayin zafi na saman, da kuma saurin haɓakar zafin jiki a manyan latitudes. Samfuran na iya kasancewa daga ɗan sauki zuwa hadaddun: * Samfurin canja wurin zafi mai sauƙi mai haskakawa wanda ke ɗaukar ƙasa a matsayin maki ɗaya da matsakaicin kuzari mai fita. * Ana iya faɗaɗa wannan a tsaye (samfurin radiyo-convective), ko a kwance. * Haɗaɗɗen yanayi – teku- ƙanƙara samfurin yanayin yanayi na duniya suna ɓata kuma suna warware cikakkun ma'auni don yawan adadin kuzari da canja wurin makamashi da musayar haske. * Tsarin tsarin duniya ya ƙara haɗa da biosphere. * Bugu da ƙari, ana samun su tare da ƙuduri daban-daban daga> 100&nbsp;km da 1&nbsp;km. Babban ƙudiri a cikin tsarin yanayin duniya na lissafin ƙididdigewa sosai kuma kaɗan ne kawai ake samun saitin bayanai na duniya. Misalai sune ICON <ref>Dipankar, A.; Heinze, Rieke; Moseley, Christopher; Stevens, Bjorn; Zängl, Günther; Brdar, Slavko (2015). "A Large Eddy Simulation Version of ICON (ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic): Model Description and Validation". ''Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems''. '''7'''</ref> ko bayanan da aka saukar da injiniyoyi kamar CHELSA (Yanayin yanayi a babban ƙuduri don wuraren saman ƙasa). <ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5584396</ref> <ref>https://doi.org/10.48364%2FISIMIP.836809</ref> == Batutuwan bincike == Batutuwa da suka yi nazarin Kungiyoyi uku: [[canjin yanayi|Canjin yanayi]], Canji na Canji na Lokaci, kuma canje-canje na zamani na yanayin yanayi.<ref>https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-climatology-3443689</ref> == Hanyoyin yanayi == Abubuwa daban-daban suna shafar matsakaicin yanayin yanayi a wani wuri na musamman. Misali, tsakiyar-latitudes za su sami yanayin yanayin yanayin yanayi mai faɗi yayin da [[Wurare masu zafi (Tropics)|yankuna masu zafi]] ke nuna ƙarancin yanayin zafi sama da shekara guda. {{Sfn|Rohli|Vega|2018}} Wani babban canjin yanayi shine nahiya: nisa zuwa manyan ruwayen ruwa kamar tekuna . Tekun ruwa suna aiki ne azaman hanyar daidaitawa, ta yadda ƙasar da ke kusa da ita ba ta da bambancin yanayin zafi tsakanin [[hunturu]] da bazara fiye da wuraren da ke da nisa daga gare ta. {{Sfn|Rohli|Vega|2018}} Yanayi yana mu'amala da sauran sassan tsarin yanayi, tare da iskoki da ke haifar da igiyoyin teku waɗanda ke ɗaukar zafi a Fadin duniya. {{Sfn|Rohli|Vega|2018}} == Rarraba yanayi == Rarraba hanya ce mai mahimmanci don sauƙaƙe matakai masu rikitarwa. An haɓaka rarrabuwar yanayi daban-daban a cikin ƙarni, tare da na farko a tsohuwar Girka . Yadda ake rarraba yanayi ya dogara da menene aikace-aikacen. Mai samar da makamashin iska zai buƙaci bayanai daban-daban (iska) a cikin rarrabuwa fiye da wanda ya fi sha'awar noma, wanda hazo da zafin jiki sun fi mahimmanci. {{Sfn|Rohli|Vega|2018}} Mafi yawan rarrabuwa da aka yi amfani da su, Tsarin yanayi na Köppen, an haɓaka shi a ƙarshen karni na sha tara kuma ya dogara ne akan ciyayi. Yana amfani da bayanan kowane wata game da zafin jiki da [[hazo]] . {{Sfn|Rohli|Vega|2018}} == Sauyin yanayi == Akwai nau'ikan sauye-sauye daban-daban: yanayin zafi mai maimaitawa ko wasu sauyin yanayi. Ana ƙididdige su da fihirisa daban-daban. Da yawa a cikin hanyar Dow Jones Industrial Average, wanda ya dogara da farashin hannun jari na kamfanoni na 30, ana amfani da shi don wakiltar sauye-sauye na farashin farashi a gaba ɗaya, ana amfani da alamun yanayi don wakiltar mahimman abubuwan yanayi. An ƙirƙiri fihirisar yanayi gabaɗaya tare da maƙasudin tagwaye na sauƙi da cikawa, kuma kowace fihirisa tana wakiltar matsayi da lokacin yanayin yanayin da yake wakilta. Ta hanyar dabi'arsu, fihirisa suna da sauƙi, kuma suna haɗa bayanai da yawa a cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanin yanayi ko teku waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don bayyana abubuwan da ke tasiri tsarin yanayin duniya. El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) wani lamari ne mai haɗe-haɗe na yanayin teku a cikin Tekun Pasifik da ke da alhakin yawancin canjin yanayin zafin duniya, {{Sfn|Rohli|Vega|2018}} kuma yana da zagayowar tsakanin shekaru biyu zuwa bakwai. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090827143632/http://www.cpc.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/ensofaq.shtml#HOWOFTEN</ref> Arewacin Atlantic oscillation wani yanayi ne na sauye-sauye wanda aka fi ƙunsa zuwa ƙananan yanayi, troposphere . Tsarin yanayin da ke sama, stratosphere shima yana da ikon ƙirƙirar nasa sauye-sauye, mafi mahimmanci Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), wanda ke da zagaye na kusan kwanaki 30 zuwa 60. Ƙwaƙwalwar Fasific na Interdecadal na iya haifar da canje-canje a cikin Tekun Pasifik da ƙananan yanayi akan ma'auni na lokaci goma. == Canjin yanayi == Sauyin yanayi yana faruwa ne lokacin da canje-canjen tsarin yanayi na duniya ya haifar da sabon [[Yanayi|yanayin yanayi]] wanda ya rage na tsawon lokaci. Wannan tsawon lokaci na iya zama ɗan gajeren lokaci kamar ƴan shekarun da suka gabata zuwa tsawon miliyoyin shekaru. Tsarin yanayi yana karɓar kusan dukkan ƙarfinsa daga rana. Tsarin yanayi kuma yana ba da makamashi zuwa sararin samaniya . Ma'auni na makamashi mai shigowa da mai fita, da nassi na makamashi ta hanyar tsarin yanayi, yana ƙayyade kasafin makamashi na duniya . Lokacin da makamashi mai shigowa ya fi makamashi mai fita, kasafin makamashi na duniya yana da kyau kuma tsarin yanayi yana dumama. Idan ƙarin makamashi ya fita, kasafin makamashi mara kyau kuma duniya tana samun sanyi. <ref>https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/EnergyBalance</ref> Canjin yanayi kuma yana rinjayar matsakaicin matakin teku. [[Canjin yanayi|Sauye-sauyen yanayi na zamani]] yana faruwa ne ta hanyar fitar da iskar gas da ɗan adam ke fitarwa daga kona man fetur wanda ke ƙara ma'ana a yanayin zafi a duniya . Ƙara yawan zafin jiki abu ɗaya ne kawai na canjin yanayi na zamani, wanda kuma ya haɗa da canje-canjen da aka gani na [[hazo]], waƙoƙin hadari da girgije. Yanayin zafi yana haifar da ƙarin canje-canje na tsarin yanayi, kamar [[Komawar kankara tun daga 1850|narkewar dusar ƙanƙara]], [[Tashin matakin teku|hawan matakin teku]] da sauye-sauye na flora da fauna.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/global-warming-effects/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118014716/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/global-warming-effects/ |archive-date=2017-01-18 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 7jfsxyyt4x209cc3zm1o6q39dqxsl1w 0 61139 961627 885774 2026-10-01T23:57:03Z Baffa ali 47435 An kirkira ta fassara "__LEAD_SECTION__" daga shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322651540|Joseph A. Adesunloye]]" 961627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Joseph A. Adesunloye''' fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya, daraktan talabijin, kuma marubuci. An san shi da fim ɗinsa na shekarar 2016 mai suna ''White Colour Black'', wanda [[Dudley O'Shaughnessy]] ya fito a ciki, da kuma fim ɗinsa na soyayya na LGBT mai suna ''[[Vanilla (2025 British film)|Vanilla]]'' a shekarar 2025, wanda [[Yann Gael]] ya fito a ciki. Kamfanin shirya fina-finansa shine Dreamcoat Productions.   [[File:Joseph_a._Adesunloye_&_Dudley_O'Shaughnessy.jpg|thumb| Adesunloye (hagu) da Dudley O'Shaughnessy (dama), 2016]] '''Joseph A. Adesunloye''' fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya da Najeriya, daraktan talabijin, kuma marubuci. An san shi da fim ɗinsa na 2016 mai suna ''White Color Black'', wanda Dudley O'Shaughnessy ya fito a ciki, da kuma fim ɗinsa na soyayya na LGBT mai suna ''Vanilla'' a shekarar 2025, wanda Yann Gael ya fito a ciki. Kamfanin shirya fina-finansa shine Dreamcoat Productions. 12345Balogun ta yi karatun fim a Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematography . Shekaru bayan kammala karatunsa, ya rubuta takardar digirin digirinsa a kan fina-finai.[1]Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Joseph A. Adesunloye a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya, <ref name="int2021">{{cite interview|first=Joseph A.|last=Adesunloye|interviewer-last=Mitchell|interviewer-first=Tamika|title=TBB Talks To … Filmmaker Joseph Adesunloye|website=The British Blacklist|date=12 April 2021|url=https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/tbb-talks-to-filmmaker-joseph-adesunloye/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518030937/https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/tbb-talks-to-filmmaker-joseph-adesunloye/|archive-date=18 May 2022|url-status=live|access-date=30 October 2025}}</ref> ɗan wani mutumin [[Yarbawa]] da kuma wata mata 'yar [[Mutanen Urhobo|Urhobo]] daga yankin [[Neja Delta|Niger-Delta]] . Ya girma a [[Landan]], Ingila. Ya ce shekarunsa na farko a Najeriya, tare da bambancin al'adu, "sun sanya min wayewa cewa ni samfuri ne na wurare da yawa, waɗanda ke tsara yadda nake ganin duniya." Ya yanke shawara tun yana matashi cewa yana son zama mai shirya fina-finai. <ref name="int2020" /> Ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Aberdeen da digirin MA a fannin Adabi da Fina-finai na Turanci, bayan ya kammala karatun digiri na farko a can. Ya kammala karatunsa daga [[London Film Academy|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Landan]] da Difloma ta Yin Fina-finai (kwas ɗin shekara ɗaya) a shekarar 2007. <ref name="lfa2">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2008, Adesunloye ya kafa kamfanin shirya fina-finai na kansa, DreamCoat Productions. <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> Fim ɗin Adesunloye na farko da ya fito a fim ɗin shine wasan kwaikwayo na shekarar 2016 ''mai launin fari mai launin baƙi'' . An zaɓi fim ɗin don nuna shi a [[BFI London Film Festival|bikin fina-finai na BFI London]] a shekarar 2016, kuma masu suka sun yaba da shi, ciki har da a cikin ''[[The Guardian]]'' da ''[[The Times]]'' . ''Jerin Baƙar fata na Burtaniya'' ya kira shi "tafiya ta gano kai tare da zane mai ban sha'awa da labari mai wadata da ma'ana". [[British Film Institute|Cibiyar Fina-finai ta Burtaniya]] ta kuma haɗa shi a cikin jerin shirye-shiryensu na "3 You Dost See: LFF Black History". <ref name="lfa" /> Fim ɗinsa na biyu mai suna ''Faces'' (2018), ya fito a matsayin jarumi [[Terry Pheto]] . Ya samu karbuwa a shafukan sada zumunta na Amazon Prime da BFI Player . <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history "3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series"]. ''London Film Academy''. 5 November 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history Archived] from the original on 25 June 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2020 an ba shi aikin shirya wani gajeren fim na gaskiya game da marubuta biyar na Afirka da aka zaɓa domin samun kyautar [[AKO Caine Prize for African Writing|AKO Caine Prize ta 2020 don Rubutun Afirka]], wadda aka yi wa lakabi ''da Rubutu a Afirka'' . Fim ɗin Adesunloye na uku mai suna shine fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na LGBT, ''Vanilla'', wanda aka fitar a shekarar 2025, inda Yann Gael ya taka rawar Bastien. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2023 |title=VANILLA: The Open Reel Takes International Rights to British-Nigerian Joseph A. Adesunloye Drama |url=https://akoroko.com/vanilla-open-reel-joseph-adesunloye/ |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=AKOROKO}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2025 |title=Vanilla |url=https://tv.apple.com/us/movie/vanilla/umc.cmc.1mjax8aeya2u34bzqi14z3vq8 |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=Apple TV}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Vanilla |url=https://theopenreel.com/film/vanilla/ |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=Open Reel}}</ref> == Ganewa da kyaututtuka == A shekarar 2016, Adesunloye tana ɗaya daga cikin matasan masu shirya fina-finai huɗu da aka zaɓa don bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na farko na IWC Schaffhausen Filmmaker Bursary Award. Wannan kyautar ta ba da lambar yabo ga marubuci ko darakta da ke zaune a Burtaniya wanda ke da matsayi na farko ko na biyu a zaɓen hukuma a [[BFI London Film Festival|bikin nuna fina-finai na BFI London]], kuma masu yin agogo na Switzerland [[IWC Schaffhausen]] ne suka ɗauki nauyinta. <ref name="d905">{{Cite web |last=Mitchell |first=Robert |date=20 September 2016 |title=Four Young Filmmakers Vie for Generous New British Prize |url=https://variety.com/2016/film/global/four-filmmakers-vie-iwc-filmmaker-bursary-award-1201865117/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417063212/https://variety.com/2016/film/global/four-filmmakers-vie-iwc-filmmaker-bursary-award-1201865117/ |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=Variety}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, Adesunloye ya daɗe yana cikin rukunin "Mafi Kyawun Marubucin Rubutun Farko" a cikin [[British Independent Film Awards|kyaututtukan BIFA]] (British Independent Film Awards), saboda aikinsa a cikin ''White Color Black'' . <ref name="lfa3">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> An kuma yi jerin fina-finan da yawa don BIFA guda biyu, ciki har da rukunin "Mafi Kyawun Sabon Zuwa" ga tauraron fim ɗin [[Dudley O'Shaughnessy]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2021 |title=White Colour Black review – Dudley O'Shaughnessy is one to watch |url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/feb/16/white-colour-black-review-dudley-o-shaughnessy-joseph-adesunloye-curzon-home-cinema |access-date=10 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Joseph A. Adesunloye |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/59ba3daaee2b2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128033114/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/59ba3daaee2b2 |archive-date=28 November 2021 |access-date=10 March 2021 |website=BFI |language=en}}</ref> An nuna ''Farin Launi Baƙi'' a bikin fina-finan baƙi na Baltimore International 2017, inda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fim na Ƙasa da Ƙasa da Mafi Kyawun Fim na Labarai. ^{&#x5B; ''[[Wikipedia:Citation needed|ana buƙatar ambato]]'' &#x5D;} Adesunloye ta sami [[Oscar Micheaux|kyautar Oscar Micheaux]] saboda bayar da umarni. An zaɓi ''Faces'' don kyautar "Mafi Kyawun Fim na Duniya" a [[Durban International Film Festival|bikin fina-finai na duniya na Durban]] a shekarar 2018. <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history "3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series"]. ''London Film Academy''. 5 November 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history Archived] from the original on 25 June 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Fim ɗin fim == * ''Vanilla'' 2025 * ''Rubutu na 2020 na Afirka'' (Gajere) * 2019 ''2064'' (Gajere) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) * ''Fuskoki'' na 2018 * 2017 ''46'' (Gajere) * 2016 ''Fari Launi Baƙi'' * 2014 ''Bayan Faɗin Gani'' (Gajere) * ''Tangle'' na 2013 (Gajere) * 2012 ''Labalaba, Zai Dawo'' (Gajere) * 2007 ''Shadowed'' (Short) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ==Manazarta == Fina-finai == * ''Vanilla'' 2025 * ''Rubutu na 2020 na Afirka'' (Gajere) * 2019 ''2064'' (Gajere) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) * ''Fuskoki'' na 2018 * 2017 ''46'' (Gajere) * 2016 ''Fari Launi Baƙi'' * 2014 ''Bayan Faɗin Gani'' (Gajere) * ''Tangle'' na 2013 (Gajere) * 2012 ''Labalaba, Zai Dawo'' (Gajere) * 2007 ''Shadowed'' (Short) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) kk0qm9v3zaccltqqlncphgkelv4q8km 961628 961627 2026-10-01T23:57:53Z Baffa ali 47435 961628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Joseph A. Adesunloye''' fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya, daraktan talabijin, kuma marubuci. An san shi da fim ɗinsa na shekarar 2016 mai suna ''White Colour Black'', wanda [[Dudley O'Shaughnessy]] ya fito a ciki, da kuma fim ɗinsa na soyayya na LGBT mai suna ''[[Vanilla (2025 British film)|Vanilla]]'' a shekarar 2025, wanda [[Yann Gael]] ya fito a ciki. Kamfanin shirya fina-finansa shine Dreamcoat Productions. [[File:Joseph_a._Adesunloye_&_Dudley_O'Shaughnessy.jpg|thumb| Adesunloye (hagu) da Dudley O'Shaughnessy (dama), 2016]] '''Joseph A. Adesunloye''' fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya da Najeriya, daraktan talabijin, kuma marubuci. An san shi da fim ɗinsa na 2016 mai suna ''White Color Black'', wanda Dudley O'Shaughnessy ya fito a ciki, da kuma fim ɗinsa na soyayya na LGBT mai suna ''Vanilla'' a shekarar 2025, wanda Yann Gael ya fito a ciki. Kamfanin shirya fina-finansa shine Dreamcoat Productions. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Joseph A. Adesunloye a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya, <ref name="int2021">{{cite interview|first=Joseph A.|last=Adesunloye|interviewer-last=Mitchell|interviewer-first=Tamika|title=TBB Talks To … Filmmaker Joseph Adesunloye|website=The British Blacklist|date=12 April 2021|url=https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/tbb-talks-to-filmmaker-joseph-adesunloye/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518030937/https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/tbb-talks-to-filmmaker-joseph-adesunloye/|archive-date=18 May 2022|url-status=live|access-date=30 October 2025}}</ref> ɗan wani mutumin [[Yarbawa]] da kuma wata mata 'yar [[Mutanen Urhobo|Urhobo]] daga yankin [[Neja Delta|Niger-Delta]] . Ya girma a [[Landan]], Ingila. Ya ce shekarunsa na farko a Najeriya, tare da bambancin al'adu, "sun sanya min wayewa cewa ni samfuri ne na wurare da yawa, waɗanda ke tsara yadda nake ganin duniya." Ya yanke shawara tun yana matashi cewa yana son zama mai shirya fina-finai. <ref name="int2020" /> Ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Aberdeen da digirin MA a fannin Adabi da Fina-finai na Turanci, bayan ya kammala karatun digiri na farko a can. Ya kammala karatunsa daga [[London Film Academy|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Landan]] da Difloma ta Yin Fina-finai (kwas ɗin shekara ɗaya) a shekarar 2007. <ref name="lfa2">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2008, Adesunloye ya kafa kamfanin shirya fina-finai na kansa, DreamCoat Productions. <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> Fim ɗin Adesunloye na farko da ya fito a fim ɗin shine wasan kwaikwayo na shekarar 2016 ''mai launin fari mai launin baƙi'' . An zaɓi fim ɗin don nuna shi a [[BFI London Film Festival|bikin fina-finai na BFI London]] a shekarar 2016, kuma masu suka sun yaba da shi, ciki har da a cikin ''[[The Guardian]]'' da ''[[The Times]]'' . ''Jerin Baƙar fata na Burtaniya'' ya kira shi "tafiya ta gano kai tare da zane mai ban sha'awa da labari mai wadata da ma'ana". [[British Film Institute|Cibiyar Fina-finai ta Burtaniya]] ta kuma haɗa shi a cikin jerin shirye-shiryensu na "3 You Dost See: LFF Black History". <ref name="lfa" /> Fim ɗinsa na biyu mai suna ''Faces'' (2018), ya fito a matsayin jarumi [[Terry Pheto]] . Ya samu karbuwa a shafukan sada zumunta na Amazon Prime da BFI Player . <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history "3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series"]. ''London Film Academy''. 5 November 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history Archived] from the original on 25 June 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2020 an ba shi aikin shirya wani gajeren fim na gaskiya game da marubuta biyar na Afirka da aka zaɓa domin samun kyautar [[AKO Caine Prize for African Writing|AKO Caine Prize ta 2020 don Rubutun Afirka]], wadda aka yi wa lakabi ''da Rubutu a Afirka'' . Fim ɗin Adesunloye na uku mai suna shine fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na LGBT, ''Vanilla'', wanda aka fitar a shekarar 2025, inda Yann Gael ya taka rawar Bastien. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2023 |title=VANILLA: The Open Reel Takes International Rights to British-Nigerian Joseph A. Adesunloye Drama |url=https://akoroko.com/vanilla-open-reel-joseph-adesunloye/ |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=AKOROKO}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2025 |title=Vanilla |url=https://tv.apple.com/us/movie/vanilla/umc.cmc.1mjax8aeya2u34bzqi14z3vq8 |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=Apple TV}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Vanilla |url=https://theopenreel.com/film/vanilla/ |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=Open Reel}}</ref> == Ganewa da kyaututtuka == A shekarar 2016, Adesunloye tana ɗaya daga cikin matasan masu shirya fina-finai huɗu da aka zaɓa don bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na farko na IWC Schaffhausen Filmmaker Bursary Award. Wannan kyautar ta ba da lambar yabo ga marubuci ko darakta da ke zaune a Burtaniya wanda ke da matsayi na farko ko na biyu a zaɓen hukuma a [[BFI London Film Festival|bikin nuna fina-finai na BFI London]], kuma masu yin agogo na Switzerland [[IWC Schaffhausen]] ne suka ɗauki nauyinta. <ref name="d905">{{Cite web |last=Mitchell |first=Robert |date=20 September 2016 |title=Four Young Filmmakers Vie for Generous New British Prize |url=https://variety.com/2016/film/global/four-filmmakers-vie-iwc-filmmaker-bursary-award-1201865117/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417063212/https://variety.com/2016/film/global/four-filmmakers-vie-iwc-filmmaker-bursary-award-1201865117/ |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=Variety}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, Adesunloye ya daɗe yana cikin rukunin "Mafi Kyawun Marubucin Rubutun Farko" a cikin [[British Independent Film Awards|kyaututtukan BIFA]] (British Independent Film Awards), saboda aikinsa a cikin ''White Color Black'' . <ref name="lfa3">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> An kuma yi jerin fina-finan da yawa don BIFA guda biyu, ciki har da rukunin "Mafi Kyawun Sabon Zuwa" ga tauraron fim ɗin [[Dudley O'Shaughnessy]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2021 |title=White Colour Black review – Dudley O'Shaughnessy is one to watch |url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/feb/16/white-colour-black-review-dudley-o-shaughnessy-joseph-adesunloye-curzon-home-cinema |access-date=10 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Joseph A. Adesunloye |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/59ba3daaee2b2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128033114/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/59ba3daaee2b2 |archive-date=28 November 2021 |access-date=10 March 2021 |website=BFI |language=en}}</ref> An nuna ''Farin Launi Baƙi'' a bikin fina-finan baƙi na Baltimore International 2017, inda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fim na Ƙasa da Ƙasa da Mafi Kyawun Fim na Labarai. ^{&#x5B; ''[[Wikipedia:Citation needed|ana buƙatar ambato]]'' &#x5D;} Adesunloye ta sami [[Oscar Micheaux|kyautar Oscar Micheaux]] saboda bayar da umarni. An zaɓi ''Faces'' don kyautar "Mafi Kyawun Fim na Duniya" a [[Durban International Film Festival|bikin fina-finai na duniya na Durban]] a shekarar 2018. <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history "3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series"]. ''London Film Academy''. 5 November 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history Archived] from the original on 25 June 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Fim ɗin fim == * ''Vanilla'' 2025 * ''Rubutu na 2020 na Afirka'' (Gajere) * 2019 ''2064'' (Gajere) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) * ''Fuskoki'' na 2018 * 2017 ''46'' (Gajere) * 2016 ''Fari Launi Baƙi'' * 2014 ''Bayan Faɗin Gani'' (Gajere) * ''Tangle'' na 2013 (Gajere) * 2012 ''Labalaba, Zai Dawo'' (Gajere) * 2007 ''Shadowed'' (Short) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ==Manazarta == Fina-finai == * ''Vanilla'' 2025 * ''Rubutu na 2020 na Afirka'' (Gajere) * 2019 ''2064'' (Gajere) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) * ''Fuskoki'' na 2018 * 2017 ''46'' (Gajere) * 2016 ''Fari Launi Baƙi'' * 2014 ''Bayan Faɗin Gani'' (Gajere) * ''Tangle'' na 2013 (Gajere) * 2012 ''Labalaba, Zai Dawo'' (Gajere) * 2007 ''Shadowed'' (Short) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) 6dbcgjwehe8ygxk24fy05u43z2vxxyd 961711 961628 2026-10-02T06:13:45Z Baffa ali 47435 961711 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Joseph A. Adesunloye''' fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya, daraktan talabijin, kuma marubuci. An san shi da fim ɗinsa na shekarar 2016 mai suna ''White Colour Black'', wanda [[Dudley O'Shaughnessy]] ya fito a ciki, da kuma fim ɗinsa na soyayya na LGBT mai suna ''[[Vanilla (2025 British film)|Vanilla]]'' a shekarar 2025, wanda [[Yann Gael]] ya fito a ciki. Kamfanin shirya fina-finansa shine Dreamcoat Productions. [[File:Joseph_a._Adesunloye_&_Dudley_O'Shaughnessy.jpg|thumb| Adesunloye (hagu) da Dudley O'Shaughnessy (dama), 2016]] '''Joseph A. Adesunloye''' fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya da Najeriya, daraktan talabijin, kuma marubuci. An san shi da fim ɗinsa na 2016 mai suna ''White Color Black'', wanda Dudley O'Shaughnessy ya fito a ciki, da kuma fim ɗinsa na soyayya na LGBT mai suna ''Vanilla'' a shekarar 2025, wanda Yann Gael ya fito a ciki. Kamfanin shirya fina-finansa shine Dreamcoat Productions. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Joseph A. Adesunloye a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya, <ref name="int2021">{{cite interview|first=Joseph A.|last=Adesunloye|interviewer-last=Mitchell|interviewer-first=Tamika|title=TBB Talks To … Filmmaker Joseph Adesunloye|website=The British Blacklist|date=12 April 2021|url=https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/tbb-talks-to-filmmaker-joseph-adesunloye/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518030937/https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/tbb-talks-to-filmmaker-joseph-adesunloye/|archive-date=18 May 2022|url-status=live|access-date=30 October 2025}}</ref> ɗan wani mutumin [[Yarbawa]] da kuma wata mata 'yar [[Mutanen Urhobo|Urhobo]] daga yankin [[Neja Delta|Niger-Delta]] . Ya girma a [[Landan]], Ingila. Ya ce shekarunsa na farko a Najeriya, tare da bambancin al'adu, "sun sanya min wayewa cewa ni samfuri ne na wurare da yawa, waɗanda ke tsara yadda nake ganin duniya." Ya yanke shawara tun yana matashi cewa yana son zama mai shirya fina-finai. <ref name="int2020" /> Ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Aberdeen da digirin MA a fannin Adabi da Fina-finai na Turanci, bayan ya kammala karatun digiri na farko a can. Ya kammala karatunsa daga [[London Film Academy|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Landan]] da Difloma ta Yin Fina-finai (kwas ɗin shekara ɗaya) a shekarar 2007. <ref name="lfa2">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2008, Adesunloye ya kafa kamfanin shirya fina-finai na kansa, DreamCoat Productions. <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> Fim ɗin Adesunloye na farko da ya fito a fim ɗin shine wasan kwaikwayo na shekarar 2016 ''mai launin fari mai launin baƙi'' . An zaɓi fim ɗin don nuna shi a [[BFI London Film Festival|bikin fina-finai na BFI London]] a shekarar 2016, kuma masu suka sun yaba da shi, ciki har da a cikin ''[[The Guardian]]'' da ''[[The Times]]'' . ''Jerin Baƙar fata na Burtaniya'' ya kira shi "tafiya ta gano kai tare da zane mai ban sha'awa da labari mai wadata da ma'ana". [[British Film Institute|Cibiyar Fina-finai ta Burtaniya]] ta kuma haɗa shi a cikin jerin shirye-shiryensu na "3 You Dost See: LFF Black History". <ref name="lfa" /> Fim ɗinsa na biyu mai suna ''Faces'' (2018), ya fito a matsayin jarumi [[Terry Pheto]] . Ya samu karbuwa a shafukan sada zumunta na Amazon Prime da BFI Player . <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history "3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series"]. ''London Film Academy''. 5 November 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history Archived] from the original on 25 June 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2020 an ba shi aikin shirya wani gajeren fim na gaskiya game da marubuta biyar na Afirka da aka zaɓa domin samun kyautar [[AKO Caine Prize for African Writing|AKO Caine Prize ta 2020 don Rubutun Afirka]], wadda aka yi wa lakabi ''da Rubutu a Afirka'' . Fim ɗin Adesunloye na uku mai suna shine fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na LGBT, ''Vanilla'', wanda aka fitar a shekarar 2025, inda Yann Gael ya taka rawar Bastien. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2023 |title=VANILLA: The Open Reel Takes International Rights to British-Nigerian Joseph A. Adesunloye Drama |url=https://akoroko.com/vanilla-open-reel-joseph-adesunloye/ |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=AKOROKO}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2025 |title=Vanilla |url=https://tv.apple.com/us/movie/vanilla/umc.cmc.1mjax8aeya2u34bzqi14z3vq8 |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=Apple TV}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Vanilla |url=https://theopenreel.com/film/vanilla/ |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=Open Reel}}</ref> == Ganewa da kyaututtuka == A shekarar 2016, Adesunloye tana ɗaya daga cikin matasan masu shirya fina-finai huɗu da aka zaɓa don bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na farko na IWC Schaffhausen Filmmaker Bursary Award. Wannan kyautar ta ba da lambar yabo ga marubuci ko darakta da ke zaune a Burtaniya wanda ke da matsayi na farko ko na biyu a zaɓen hukuma a [[BFI London Film Festival|bikin nuna fina-finai na BFI London]], kuma masu yin agogo na Switzerland [[IWC Schaffhausen]] ne suka ɗauki nauyinta. <ref name="d905">{{Cite web |last=Mitchell |first=Robert |date=20 September 2016 |title=Four Young Filmmakers Vie for Generous New British Prize |url=https://variety.com/2016/film/global/four-filmmakers-vie-iwc-filmmaker-bursary-award-1201865117/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417063212/https://variety.com/2016/film/global/four-filmmakers-vie-iwc-filmmaker-bursary-award-1201865117/ |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=Variety}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, Adesunloye ya daɗe yana cikin rukunin "Mafi Kyawun Marubucin Rubutun Farko" a cikin [[British Independent Film Awards|kyaututtukan BIFA]] (British Independent Film Awards), saboda aikinsa a cikin ''White Color Black'' . <ref name="lfa3">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> An kuma yi jerin fina-finan da yawa don BIFA guda biyu, ciki har da rukunin "Mafi Kyawun Sabon Zuwa" ga tauraron fim ɗin [[Dudley O'Shaughnessy]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2021 |title=White Colour Black review – Dudley O'Shaughnessy is one to watch |url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/feb/16/white-colour-black-review-dudley-o-shaughnessy-joseph-adesunloye-curzon-home-cinema |access-date=10 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Joseph A. Adesunloye |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/59ba3daaee2b2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128033114/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/59ba3daaee2b2 |archive-date=28 November 2021 |access-date=10 March 2021 |website=BFI |language=en}}</ref> An nuna ''Farin Launi Baƙi'' a bikin fina-finan baƙi na Baltimore International 2017, inda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fim na Ƙasa da Ƙasa da Mafi Kyawun Fim na Labarai. ^{&#x5B; ''[[Wikipedia:Citation needed|ana buƙatar ambato]]'' &#x5D;} Adesunloye ta sami [[Oscar Micheaux|kyautar Oscar Micheaux]] saboda bayar da umarni. An zaɓi ''Faces'' don kyautar "Mafi Kyawun Fim na Duniya" a [[Durban International Film Festival|bikin fina-finai na duniya na Durban]] a shekarar 2018. <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history "3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series"]. ''London Film Academy''. 5 November 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history Archived] from the original on 25 June 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Fim ɗin fim == * ''Vanilla'' 2025 * ''Rubutu na 2020 na Afirka'' (Gajere) * 2019 ''2064'' (Gajere) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) * ''Fuskoki'' na 2018 * 2017 ''46'' (Gajere) * 2016 ''Fari Launi Baƙi'' * 2014 ''Bayan Faɗin Gani'' (Gajere) * ''Tangle'' na 2013 (Gajere) * 2012 ''Labalaba, Zai Dawo'' (Gajere) * 2007 ''Shadowed'' (Short) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ==Manazarta== == Fina-finai == * ''Vanilla'' 2025 * ''Rubutu na 2020 na Afirka'' (Gajere) * 2019 ''2064'' (Gajere) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) * ''Fuskoki'' na 2018 * 2017 ''46'' (Gajere) * 2016 ''Fari Launi Baƙi'' * 2014 ''Bayan Faɗin Gani'' (Gajere) * ''Tangle'' na 2013 (Gajere) * 2012 ''Labalaba, Zai Dawo'' (Gajere) * 2007 ''Shadowed'' (Short) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) 83n0jpnhohhgef7psoktp5q9f6wrcds 961712 961711 2026-10-02T06:14:25Z Baffa ali 47435 961712 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Joseph A. Adesunloye''' fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya, daraktan talabijin, kuma marubuci. An san shi da fim ɗinsa na shekarar 2016 mai suna ''White Colour Black'', wanda [[Dudley O'Shaughnessy]] ya fito a ciki, da kuma fim ɗinsa na soyayya na LGBT mai suna ''[[Vanilla (2025 British film)|Vanilla]]'' a shekarar 2025, wanda [[Yann Gael]] ya fito a ciki. Kamfanin shirya fina-finansa shine Dreamcoat Productions. [[File:Joseph_a._Adesunloye_&_Dudley_O'Shaughnessy.jpg|thumb| Adesunloye (hagu) da Dudley O'Shaughnessy (dama), 2016]] '''Joseph A. Adesunloye''' fitaccen mai shirya fina-finai ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya da Najeriya, daraktan talabijin, kuma marubuci. An san shi da fim ɗinsa na 2016 mai suna ''White Color Black'', wanda Dudley O'Shaughnessy ya fito a ciki, da kuma fim ɗinsa na soyayya na LGBT mai suna ''Vanilla'' a shekarar 2025, wanda Yann Gael ya fito a ciki. Kamfanin shirya fina-finansa shine Dreamcoat Productions. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Joseph A. Adesunloye a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya, <ref name="int2021">{{cite interview|first=Joseph A.|last=Adesunloye|interviewer-last=Mitchell|interviewer-first=Tamika|title=TBB Talks To … Filmmaker Joseph Adesunloye|website=The British Blacklist|date=12 April 2021|url=https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/tbb-talks-to-filmmaker-joseph-adesunloye/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518030937/https://thebritishblacklist.co.uk/tbb-talks-to-filmmaker-joseph-adesunloye/|archive-date=18 May 2022|url-status=live|access-date=30 October 2025}}</ref> ɗan wani mutumin [[Yarbawa]] da kuma wata mata 'yar [[Mutanen Urhobo|Urhobo]] daga yankin [[Neja Delta|Niger-Delta]] . Ya girma a [[Landan]], Ingila. Ya ce shekarunsa na farko a Najeriya, tare da bambancin al'adu, "sun sanya min wayewa cewa ni samfuri ne na wurare da yawa, waɗanda ke tsara yadda nake ganin duniya." Ya yanke shawara tun yana matashi cewa yana son zama mai shirya fina-finai. <ref name="int2020" /> Ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami'ar Aberdeen da digirin MA a fannin Adabi da Fina-finai na Turanci, bayan ya kammala karatun digiri na farko a can. Ya kammala karatunsa daga [[London Film Academy|Kwalejin Fina-finai ta Landan]] da Difloma ta Yin Fina-finai (kwas ɗin shekara ɗaya) a shekarar 2007. <ref name="lfa2">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> == Sana'a == A shekarar 2008, Adesunloye ya kafa kamfanin shirya fina-finai na kansa, DreamCoat Productions. <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> Fim ɗin Adesunloye na farko da ya fito a fim ɗin shine wasan kwaikwayo na shekarar 2016 ''mai launin fari mai launin baƙi'' . An zaɓi fim ɗin don nuna shi a [[BFI London Film Festival|bikin fina-finai na BFI London]] a shekarar 2016, kuma masu suka sun yaba da shi, ciki har da a cikin ''[[The Guardian]]'' da ''[[The Times]]'' . ''Jerin Baƙar fata na Burtaniya'' ya kira shi "tafiya ta gano kai tare da zane mai ban sha'awa da labari mai wadata da ma'ana". [[British Film Institute|Cibiyar Fina-finai ta Burtaniya]] ta kuma haɗa shi a cikin jerin shirye-shiryensu na "3 You Dost See: LFF Black History". <ref name="lfa" /> Fim ɗinsa na biyu mai suna ''Faces'' (2018), ya fito a matsayin jarumi [[Terry Pheto]] . Ya samu karbuwa a shafukan sada zumunta na Amazon Prime da BFI Player . <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history "3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series"]. ''London Film Academy''. 5 November 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history Archived] from the original on 25 June 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> A shekarar 2020 an ba shi aikin shirya wani gajeren fim na gaskiya game da marubuta biyar na Afirka da aka zaɓa domin samun kyautar [[AKO Caine Prize for African Writing|AKO Caine Prize ta 2020 don Rubutun Afirka]], wadda aka yi wa lakabi ''da Rubutu a Afirka'' . Fim ɗin Adesunloye na uku mai suna shine fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na LGBT, ''Vanilla'', wanda aka fitar a shekarar 2025, inda Yann Gael ya taka rawar Bastien. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2023 |title=VANILLA: The Open Reel Takes International Rights to British-Nigerian Joseph A. Adesunloye Drama |url=https://akoroko.com/vanilla-open-reel-joseph-adesunloye/ |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=AKOROKO}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2025 |title=Vanilla |url=https://tv.apple.com/us/movie/vanilla/umc.cmc.1mjax8aeya2u34bzqi14z3vq8 |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=Apple TV}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2025 |title=Vanilla |url=https://theopenreel.com/film/vanilla/ |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=Open Reel}}</ref> == Ganewa da kyaututtuka == A shekarar 2016, Adesunloye tana ɗaya daga cikin matasan masu shirya fina-finai huɗu da aka zaɓa don bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na farko na IWC Schaffhausen Filmmaker Bursary Award. Wannan kyautar ta ba da lambar yabo ga marubuci ko darakta da ke zaune a Burtaniya wanda ke da matsayi na farko ko na biyu a zaɓen hukuma a [[BFI London Film Festival|bikin nuna fina-finai na BFI London]], kuma masu yin agogo na Switzerland [[IWC Schaffhausen]] ne suka ɗauki nauyinta. <ref name="d905">{{Cite web |last=Mitchell |first=Robert |date=20 September 2016 |title=Four Young Filmmakers Vie for Generous New British Prize |url=https://variety.com/2016/film/global/four-filmmakers-vie-iwc-filmmaker-bursary-award-1201865117/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417063212/https://variety.com/2016/film/global/four-filmmakers-vie-iwc-filmmaker-bursary-award-1201865117/ |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=Variety}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, Adesunloye ya daɗe yana cikin rukunin "Mafi Kyawun Marubucin Rubutun Farko" a cikin [[British Independent Film Awards|kyaututtukan BIFA]] (British Independent Film Awards), saboda aikinsa a cikin ''White Color Black'' . <ref name="lfa3">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}</ref> An kuma yi jerin fina-finan da yawa don BIFA guda biyu, ciki har da rukunin "Mafi Kyawun Sabon Zuwa" ga tauraron fim ɗin [[Dudley O'Shaughnessy]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2021 |title=White Colour Black review – Dudley O'Shaughnessy is one to watch |url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/feb/16/white-colour-black-review-dudley-o-shaughnessy-joseph-adesunloye-curzon-home-cinema |access-date=10 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Joseph A. Adesunloye |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/59ba3daaee2b2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128033114/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/59ba3daaee2b2 |archive-date=28 November 2021 |access-date=10 March 2021 |website=BFI |language=en}}</ref> An nuna ''Farin Launi Baƙi'' a bikin fina-finan baƙi na Baltimore International 2017, inda ya lashe kyautar Mafi Kyawun Fim na Ƙasa da Ƙasa da Mafi Kyawun Fim na Labarai. ^{&#x5B; ''[[Wikipedia:Citation needed|ana buƙatar ambato]]'' &#x5D;} Adesunloye ta sami [[Oscar Micheaux|kyautar Oscar Micheaux]] saboda bayar da umarni. An zaɓi ''Faces'' don kyautar "Mafi Kyawun Fim na Duniya" a [[Durban International Film Festival|bikin fina-finai na duniya na Durban]] a shekarar 2018. <ref name="lfa">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2021 |title=3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series |url=https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history |archive-date=25 June 2025 |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=London Film Academy}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history "3 You Must See: LFF Black History' Series"]. ''London Film Academy''. 5 November 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250625052336/https://londonfilmacademy.com/news/joseph-a-adesunloye-lfa-alumni-bfi-3-you-must-see-lff-black-history Archived] from the original on 25 June 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2025</span>.</cite></ref> == Fim ɗin fim == * ''Vanilla'' 2025 * ''Rubutu na 2020 na Afirka'' (Gajere) * 2019 ''2064'' (Gajere) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) * ''Fuskoki'' na 2018 * 2017 ''46'' (Gajere) * 2016 ''Fari Launi Baƙi'' * 2014 ''Bayan Faɗin Gani'' (Gajere) * ''Tangle'' na 2013 (Gajere) * 2012 ''Labalaba, Zai Dawo'' (Gajere) * 2007 ''Shadowed'' (Short) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] == Fina-finai == * ''Vanilla'' 2025 * ''Rubutu na 2020 na Afirka'' (Gajere) * 2019 ''2064'' (Gajere) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) * ''Fuskoki'' na 2018 * 2017 ''46'' (Gajere) * 2016 ''Fari Launi Baƙi'' * 2014 ''Bayan Faɗin Gani'' (Gajere) * ''Tangle'' na 2013 (Gajere) * 2012 ''Labalaba, Zai Dawo'' (Gajere) * 2007 ''Shadowed'' (Short) (a matsayin Joseph Adesunloye) ==Manazarta== dkc4j4mc2djusqbsziza4adg9mw7map 0 62171 961455 955531 2026-10-01T16:52:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961455 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Daniel Etim Effiong''', kuma Daniel Etim-Effiong [1] ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma darektan fim na Najeriya. [2] == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Etim Effiong a Jaji, Jihar Kaduna, Najeriya. A lokacin kuruciyarsa, ya zauna a birnin Benin (Jihar Edo), Jihar Lagos, da Abuja. An yanke wa mahaifinsa, tsohon Laftanar Kanal Moses Effiong, hukuncin zaman kurkuku na tsawon rayuwa bayan an sanya sunansa cikin zargin juyin mulkin Mamman Vatsa na shekarar 1985 ba tare da gaskiya ba, a lokacin mulkin Ibrahim Babangida. An tura shi kurkuku ne a lokacin da Etim Effiong ke da shekara daya a duniya. Mahaifiyarsa ta rasu ne a lokacin da yake da shekaru hudu, yayin da take kan hanyar zuwa ziyartar mijinta a kurkuku.[1] An saki mahaifin Etim Effiong a shekarar 1993, kuma Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari ya ba shi cikakken afuwar shugaban kasa a shekarar 2020.[2][3][4] Ya halarci makarantar St. Mary's Private School a [[Tsibirin Lagos|Tsibirin Legas]], Jihar Legas, sannan ya biyo bayan Kwalejin Gwamnati, [[Ikorodu]], kuma a Jihar Legasa, don karatun sakandare. Ya sami digiri a fannin Injiniyan sunadarai a [[Minna]]" id="mwMw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Federal University of Technology, Minna">Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya da ke Minna, [[Neja|Jihar Nijar]] . Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci yana aiki a matsayin injiniya a masana'antar mai da iskar gas, ya ci gaba da karatun fim, rubutun allo da kuma ba da umarni a [[AFDA, Makaranta don Ƙarfafa Tattalin Arziki|Makarantar Fim ta AFDA]] a Afirka ta Kudu. == Ayyuka == === Shekaru na 2010 === Bayan ya bar aikinsa na mai da iskar gas, ya zama mai samar da abun ciki ga [[Ndani TV|NdaniTV]] . <ref name="En">{{Cite web |date=February 27, 2020 |title=Bimbo Ademoye, Daniel Etim Effiong, Reminisce and other promising stars to watch out for |url=https://encomium.ng/7th-amvca-bimbo-ademoye-daniel-etim-effiong-reminisce-and-other-promising-stars-to-watch-out-for/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Encomium}}</ref> Farawa a farkon shekarun 2010, Etim Effiong ya ɗauki matsayi a cikin jerin yanar gizo da talabijin waɗanda suka haɗa da Goddammit It's Monday (2012), ''[[Gidi Up]]'' (2013), ''Mataimakin Madams'', Castle da Castle (2018) da The Men's Club (2018). A cikin 2017, ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo na minti biyar mai taken Prey wanda ke nuna [[Tope Tedela]] da Odenike Odetola . <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2017 |title=He Directed…She Produced! WATCH Toyosi & Daniel Etim-Effiong's Short Film "Prey" on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/12/directed-produced-watch-toyosi-daniel-etim-effiongs-short-film-prey-bn-tv/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A cikin 2018, ya fara yin fim dinsa na farko a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na New Money . Nasarar da ya samu ta zo ne a shekara mai zuwa a fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Kenya, Shirin B, tare da [[Sarah Hassan]] da [[Catherine Kamau|Catherine Kamau Karanja]] kuma yana wasa da Shugaba na Najeriya na kamfanin Nairobi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2020 |title=Plan B |url=https://paukwa.or.ke/plan-b/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Paukwa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2019 |title=Plan B |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2019/02/plan-b.html |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Nollywood Reinvented}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=February 14, 2020 |title=7 Nigerian movies you can enjoy with bae in February |url=https://stories.showmax.com/7-nigerian-movies-you-can-enjoy-with-bae-in-february/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Showmax Stories |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226102826/https://stories.showmax.com/7-nigerian-movies-you-can-enjoy-with-bae-in-february/ |archive-date=February 26, 2021 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=February 14, 2019 |title=#BNMovieFeature – Valentine's Day Special: WATCH Lowla Dee's "Plan B" starring Daniel Etim Effiong, Lenana Kariba, Sarah Hassan |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/02/bnmoviefeature-valentines-day-special-watch-lowla-dees-plan-b-starring-daniel-etim-effiong-lenana-kariba-sarah-hassan/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar Best Actor a Comedy a 7th [[Kyautar zaɓuɓɓuka masu kallon afirka|AMVCA]] awards 2020 saboda rawar da ya taka.<ref name="En" /> === Shekaru na 2020 === A cikin 2020, ya fara zama darektan tare da Fish Bone, wani ɗan gajeren fim wanda ya magance batun yaudarar miyagun ƙwayoyi, kuma ya fito tare da [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] da Moshood Fattah . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 1, 2020 |title=Editi Effiong's "Fishbone" Is Perfect for Movie Night {{!}} Watch on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/05/fishbone-movie-editi-effiong/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A wannan shekarar ya bayyana a cikin Storm, wani ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Ike Onyema da Atteh 'SirDee' Daniel kuma Michael 'AMA Psalmist' Akinrogunde ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 13, 2020 |title=Diane Russet's Short Film "Storm" Proves Love can be Found in the Most Unexpected Circumstances |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/07/diane-russet-short-film-storm/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> Har ila yau, a cikin 2020, an saki fim dinsa na farko, shirin Netflix Skin, wanda ya binciki batun launi a Najeriya. Ya ƙunshi [[Beverly Naya]] wanda kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okiche |first=Wilfred |date=July 8, 2020 |title=Film Review: The triumphs and layered questions of Daniel Etim Effiong's Skin |url=https://ynaija.com/film-review-the-moral-failures-of-daniel-etim-effiongs-skin/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |website=YNaija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwosu |first=IK |date=July 7, 2020 |title=Beverly Naya's "Skin" Has Helped Young Girls Reconsider Bleaching |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/07/beverly-naya-skin-documentary-exclusive-interview/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 10, 2020 |title=Beverly Naya's "Skin" Documentary Is Coming To Netflix Soon |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/beverly-naya-skin-documentary/ |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> A cikin 2021, ya fito a cikin Collision Course, fim din [[Bolanle Austen-Peters]] wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar [[End SARS|#EndSars]]. A wannan shekarar, ya sake taka rawar da ya taka a karo na biyu na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na shari'a na Netflix, ''Castle da Castle.'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kan |first=Toni |date=2022-08-28 |title=Echoes of #Endsars as "Collision Course" wows towards Netflix premiere — Chris Iheuwa |url=https://thelagosreview.ng/echoes-of-endsars-as-collision-course-wows-towards-netflix-premiere-chris-iheuwa/ |access-date=2025-11-29 |website=The Lagos Review |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya sami lambar yabo ta Mafi kyawun Actor saboda rawar da ya taka a ''[[Kofa (fim 2022)|Kofa]]'' a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a 2022 kuma an zabi shi don Mafi kyawun A actor a 2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards . Ya kuma sami gabatarwa ga [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] don Mafi kyawun Actor a Matsayin Jagora don Jolly Roger, wasan kwaikwayo na aikata laifuka na Netflix. Ya bayyana a cikin Blood Sisters, mai ban tsoro da kuma jerin shirye-shiryen Najeriya na farko na Netflix wanda ya kai saman 10 a cikin ƙasashe 30. ''Selina,'' wanda aka saki don YouTube, ya kasance sananne ne don kasancewa misali na farko na yiwuwar kudi na dandalin gudana ga masu shirya fina-finai na Nollywood. Fim din ya fito da Etim Effiong da Bunmi Akingbola a matsayin masoya biyu daga asali daban-daban. Masu sauraro sun karɓa sosai kuma ''Selena 2'' da ''Selena 3'' sun biyo baya a wannan shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-12 |title=The 20 Greatest Romantic Nollywood Films of All Time - What Kept Me Up |url=https://whatkeptmeup.com/nollywood-movies/the-20-greatest-romantic-nollywood-films-of-all-time/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2023, ya fito a fina-finai da yawa, ciki har da A Weekend To Forget, wanda ya yi aiki sosai a ofishin jakadancin Najeriya; <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Top-Grossing Films of 2023 & 2024 – BusinessDay Intelligence |url=https://businessdayintelligence.ng/the-top-grossing-films-of-2023-2024/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> fim din [[Niyi Akinmolayan]] [[Mikolo (fim)|''Mikolo'']], fim din rayuwa da fim din fantasy na iyali; Different Strokes, wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na [[Biodun Stephen]]; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Different Strokes {{!}} Nollywood Reinvented |url=https://nollywoodreinvented.com/2024/03/different-strokes.html |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> da ''Selina''<nowiki/>'s Wedding, kashi na huɗu na jerin fina-fukan Selina. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Selina's Wedding {{!}} Nollywood Reinvented |url=https://nollywoodreinvented.com/2023/10/selinas-wedding.html |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya kuma fito a cikin A Young Time Ago da Lily of the Valley, fitowar YouTube tare da [[Nancy Isime]] .<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-08 |title="A Young Time Ago" Review: Subtle but Visible Misogyny Takes Front Row in the Tolu Lordtanner-Directed Drama - Afrocritik |url=https://afrocritik.com/a-young-time-ago-review-subtle-but-visible-misogyny-takes-front-row-in-the-tolu-lordtanner-directed-drama/ |access-date=2025-11-28 |language=en}}</ref> A cikin 2024, ya fito a cikin ''[[Òlóturé|Olotūré]]'': The Journey, wani jerin shirye-shiryen Netflix da suka biyo bayan wasan kwaikwayo na Mo Abudu wanda ya samar da Òlòtûré (2019). A cikin 2025, ya ba da umarni kuma ya fito a cikin The Herd, wani labari mai ban tsoro wanda ya biyo bayan sace wani rukuni na mutane da 'yan bindiga da ke nuna kansu a matsayin makiyaya. An sake shi a cikin fina-finai a watan Oktoba, an fara shi a Netflix a ranar 21 ga watan Nuwamba, ya kai lamba daya a kan jadawalin Najeriya na dandalin. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Dufe |first=Sahndra Fon |date=2025-11-24 |title=Daniel Etim Effiong's "The Herd" Arrives on No 1 on Netflix Nigeria - And the Conversation Has Already Begun |url=https://www.blackfilmwire.com/post/daniel-etim-effiong-s-the-herd-arrives-on-no-1-on-netflix-nigeria-and-the-conversation-has-alrea |access-date=2025-11-28 |website=Black Film Wire |language=en}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Shirye-shiryen talabijin === {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani !Ref |- |2020 |''Mataimakin Madams'' | |1 fitowar | |- |2019 |''Gidan sarauta da Gidan sarauniya'' |Mike Amenechi | |<ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2018-08-01 |title=Will Remi be able to handle this Moral Dilemma? Watch episode 5 of Castle & Castle Exclusively on EbonylifeON |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/08/episode-5-castle-castle-only-ebonylifeon/ |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2018– |''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]'' |Lanre | |<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-11-12 |title=Full biography of Nollywood actor Daniel Etim Effiong and other facts about him |url=https://dnbstories.com/2020/11/full-biography-of-nollywood-actor-daniel-etim-effiong.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=DNB Stories |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2013 |''[[Gidi Up]]'' |Folarin | |<ref name=":0" /> |- |2012 |''Goddammit Litinin ne'' |Mata |Abubuwa 2 | |- |2021 |''Castle &amp;amp; Castle'' |Mike Amenechi |Abubuwa 15 | |- |2022 |''[[Sisters Blood (2022 TV series)|<nowiki/>'Yan uwa mata na jini]]'' |Aikin |Abubuwa 4 | |- |2024 |''Oloture: Tafiyar'' |Tony |Abubuwa 3 | |} === Fim din === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%; margin:auto; background:#fff;" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani !Ref |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''[[The Herd (fim na 2025)|Garken]]'' | |Har ila yau darektan |<ref name=":2" /> |- |''[[Aso Ebi Diaries|Rubuce-rubucen Aso Ebi]]'' | |[[Biodun Stephen]] ne ya shirya | |- | rowspan="7" |2023 |''Barage'' |Matsakaicin |Emmanuel Akaemeh ne ya shirya | |- |''Bikin auren Selina'' |Ruuben |tare da Bimbo Ademoye, Oluwaseun Ayinde | |- |''Lokacin Ƙuruciya da ya gabata'' |Tsohon Tayo |tare da Sophie Alakija, Omobola Akinde | |- |''[[A Weekend To Forget (fim)|A karshen mako da za a manta da shi]]'' |Shima |Damola Ademola ne ya shirya | |- |''Lily na kwarin'' |Bily |tare da Nancy Isime, Olaye Benjamin | |- |''[[Mikolo (fim)|Mikolo]]'' |Maleek (mahaifin) |Niyi Akinmolayan ne ya shirya |<ref name="MilMstImpFilm_Med">{{Cite web |last=Titiloye |first=Ladipo |date=2023-08-24 |title=Why Niyi Akinmolayan's Mikolo is Nigeria's Most Important Film of the Year |url=https://ladipotitiloye.medium.com/why-niyi-akinmolayans-mikolo-is-nigeria-s-most-important-film-of-the-year-61591c4e2c9d |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> |- |''Strokes daban-daban'' |Khalid |Tare da Lateef Adedimeji, Shaffy Bello | |- | rowspan="3" |2022 |''[[Kofa (fim 2022)|Kofa]]'' |Wale |Kyautar AFRIFF da kuma gabatarwa ta AMVCA |<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2022 |title=Jude Idada's 'Kofa' nabs 3 major awards at AFRIFF 2022 {{!}} Pulse Nigeria |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/jude-idadas-kofa-nabs-3-major-awards-at-afriff-2022/nlhklnp |access-date=2022-11-16 |website=www.pulse.ng |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116104953/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/jude-idadas-kofa-nabs-3-major-awards-at-afriff-2022/nlhklnp |archive-date=2022-11-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |''Selina'' |Ruuben |Tare da Bimbo Ademoye, Ivy Antiev | |- |''Mai farin ciki Roger'' |Ruwa |Nomin da aka samu a gasar cin kofin fim din Afirka | |- |2021 |''[[Still Falling|Har yanzu yana faɗuwa]]'' |Kyaftin Lagi |Tare da [[Sharon Ooja]] | |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |''Fata'' |Daraktan |Shirin da ke nuna [[Eku Edewor]] da [[Beverly Naya]] |<ref>{{Cite web |title=SKIN |url=https://www.urbanworld.org/2019/skin |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Urbanworld |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''Guguwa'' |Guguwa |Gajeren fim tare da [[Diane Russet]] | |- |''Kashi na Kifi'' |Sufeto |Takaitaccen fim tare da [[Shafy Bello]] da Moshood Fattah |<ref name="bellanaija.com">{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2020-05-01 |title=Editi Effiong's "Fishbone" Is Perfect for Movie Night {{!}} Watch on BN TV |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/05/fishbone-movie-editi-effiong/ |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2019 |''[[Òlóturé|Olotūré]]'' |Tony |Tare da Beverly Osu, Blossom Chukwujekwu, Ada Ameh |<ref>{{Cite web |last=nollywoodreinvented |date=2020-10-05 |title=Òlòtūré |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2020/10/oloture.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Nollywood Reinvented |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''[[Makate Must Sell|Dole ne a sayar da shi]]'' |Gbenro |Tare da Igwe 2pac, Toyin Ibrahim, Diipo Adeusi | |- |''[[Plan B (2019 fim)|Shirin B]]'' |Dele Coker |Matsayin jagora |<ref>{{Cite web |last=nollywoodreinvented |date=2019-02-15 |title=Plan B |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2019/02/plan-b.html |access-date=2021-02-14 |website=Nollywood Reinvented |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2018 |''[[New Money (fim na 2018)|Sabon Kudi]]'' |Ganiyu Osamede |Tare da Dakore Akande | |- |2017 |''Abin da aka fara ganinsa'' |Daraktan |Takaitaccen ɗan gajeren lokaci |<ref name="bellanaija.com" /> |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2022 |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun Actor a Matsayin Jagora |''Mai farin ciki Roger''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Africa Movie Academy Awards: Adjetey Anang wins, check out full list of winners – MyJoyOnline |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/africa-movie-academy-awards-adjetey-anang-wins-check-out-full-list-of-winners/ |access-date=2025-02-14 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2022 |[[Africa International Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Duniya na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Drama, Movie ko TV Series | rowspan="2" |''Kofa''|{{Won}} |<ref name=":1" /> |- |2023 |[[2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Bincike na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Comedy Drama, Movie ko TV Series|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |url=https://dstv-fe-africamagic-prod.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/africamagic/en-ng/show/amvca/season/9/news/full-list-here-are-all-our-amvca-9-nominees/news |access-date=2023-04-23 |website=AMVCA – Full List: Here are all our AMVCA 9 Nominees |language=en}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024}}</ref><ref name="Lawal 2023">{{Cite web |last=Lawal |first=Khadijat |date=2023-05-21 |title=AMVCA 2023: Full List Of Winners |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2023/05/21/amvca-2023-full-list-of-winners/amp/ |access-date=2023-06-10 |website=Channels Television |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601123410/https://www.channelstv.com/2023/05/21/amvca-2023-full-list-of-winners/amp/ |archive-date=2023-06-01 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |} == Rayuwa ta mutum == Ainihin Eong ya auri Toyosi Etim-Effiong tun daga 4 ga Nuwamba 2017. Sun fara haduwa a watan Agustan 2016 yayin da suke aiki a kan aikin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 28, 2017 |title=WEDDINGSBN Celebrity Weddings: Toyosi Phillips & Daniel Etim Effiong's #3StrandCord #YorubaEfikMergerBellaNaija Weddings |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/11/toyosi-phillips-and-etim-effiongs-3strandcord-wedding/ |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=Bella Naija}}</ref> Ma'auratan sun yi maraba da ɗansu na farko, jariri, a watan Janairun 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 16, 2019 |title=Toyosi and Daniel Etim Effiong's baby girl is here and she is so cute! |url=https://www.informationnigeria.com/2019/01/toyosi-and-daniel-etim-effiongs-baby-girl-is-here-and-she-is-so-cute.html |access-date=October 22, 2020 |publisher=Information Nigeria}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [[IMDb]].com/name/nm5652097/" id="mwBDE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Daniel Etim Effiong a kan IMDb * {{Twitter|eetimm|Daniel Etim Effiong}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kc2w91giyta3ublqynmnvz2f6aihmuk 0 62622 961677 334218 2026-10-02T05:16:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961677 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Etighi''' rawar Najeriya ce. [[Akwa Ibom|Mutanen Akwa Ibom]] ne suka kafa wannan rawar etighi. Rawar tana buƙatar motsi na ƙafa da ƙugu. Rawar dai ta shahara a faɗin [[Najeriya]] kuma mutanen [[Mutanen Ibibio|Ibibio]] da [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]] ne ke amfani da salon rawar, inda anan ne rawar ta soma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.africa.com/top-dance-styles-africa/|title=Top Dance Styles in Africa - Africa.com|website=www.africa.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712063437/https://www.africa.com/top-dance-styles-africa/|archive-date=2017-07-12|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Shahara == An yi amfani da raye-rayen salon rawar a cikin bidiyon waka da yawa a [[Najeriya]] da ma duniya baki-ɗaya. Rawar ta shahara ne a lokacin da mawaƙi [[Iyanya]], ya yi amfani da rawan a cikin fitaccen bidiyon wakarsa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201706270125.html|title=Nigeria: Iyanya – In Kenya You Feel Like You Are in Europe|last=Kimuyu|first=Hilary|date=2017-06-27|work=The Nation (Nairobi)|access-date=2017-07-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://venturesafrica.com/five-things-ciara-picked-up-in-nigeria/|title=Besides learning the Etighi and Shoki dance, here are a few things Ciara picked up in Nigeria - Ventures Africa|date=2016-03-02|work=Ventures Africa|access-date=2017-07-24|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Al'adun Najeriya]] 95rt4bw22akgf8rnlywtqi8u14w84vs 0 63543 961828 957406 2026-10-02T09:08:13Z Mai Jiddah muhammad 44560 961828 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Stub}} [[Fayil:History and genealogy of the Byrd family, (IA historygenealogy01byrd).pdf|thumb|tarihin iyalan Bryrd]] == Ilimi == A ƙarshen karni na 19 yana da matukar wahala ga mace ta sami ilimi mai zurfi. Mary Byrd malama ce,a kai da waje,yayin ƙoƙarin samun ilimi.Byrd ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Leavenworth.Ta halarci Kwalejin Oberlin daga shekaran 1871 zuwa 1874,lokacin da John Millott Ellis ya kasance shugaban kwaleji. Ta bar Oberlin kafin ta kammala karatunta kuma ta sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Michigan tare da BA a 1878.A 1879 Byrd ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar makarantar sakandaren Wabash a Indiana har zuwa Shekaran 1882,lokacin da ta bar karatun ilimin taurari a Harvard College Observatory karkashin Dr.EC Pickering. Ta sami digiri na Doctor of Falsafa daga Kwalejin Carleton a Shekaran 1904. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} Mary E. Byrd Mary Emma Byrd (15 ga Nuwamba 1849 – 30 ga Yuli 1934) masaniyar ilimin taurari ce kuma malamar lissafi da ilimin taurari ’yar ƙasar Amurka. Ta shahara musamman saboda aikinta a Smith College Observatory, inda ta jagoranci cibiyar lura da taurari tare da koyar da ɗalibai mata ilimin taurari. Ta kuma yi bincike kan matsayin taurari masu wutsiya ta hanyar amfani da hotunan sararin samaniya. Tarihin rayuwa da iyali An haifi Mary Emma Byrd a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 1849, a Le Roy, Michigan, Amurka. Mahaifinta shi ne Reverend John Huntington Byrd, wani malamin addinin Congregationalist wanda aikinsa ya sa iyalin suka riƙa ƙaura daga wani wuri zuwa wani. Mahaifiyarta ita ce Elizabeth Adelaide Low. Bayan Mary ta kai kimanin shekaru shida, iyalinsu suka koma Kansas, inda ta yi yawancin yarintarta. A wannan lokacin, damar samun ilimi ga mata ba ta kai matsayin da take a ƙarni na baya ba, amma Mary ta nuna sha'awa sosai ga karatu da koyarwa. Ta taso a cikin iyali da ke ba ilimi muhimmanci, kuma daga baya wannan ya taimaka wajen gina aikinta na koyarwa da binciken kimiyya. Mary Byrd ba ta yi aure ba. Kamar sauran mata da dama da suka zaɓi yin aikin kimiyya a zamaninta, ta mai da hankali sosai kan ilimi, koyarwa da bincike. Ilimi Mary Byrd ta fara karatunta a Kansas, sannan ta halarci Oberlin College. Daga baya ta shiga University of Michigan, inda ta kammala karatun digiri na A.B. a shekarar 1878. Bayan kammala karatunta, ta yi aiki a fannin koyarwa. Ta koyar a makarantu sannan ta zama shugabar makarantar sakandare. Wannan gogewa ta taimaka mata wajen haɓaka sha'awarta ga koyar da lissafi da ilimin taurari. Daga baya ta je Harvard College Observatory, inda ta yi aiki na kusan shekara guda a matsayin mataimakiyar sa-kai a ƙarƙashin jagorancin masanin ilimin taurari Edward Charles Pickering. Wannan lokaci ya kasance muhimmin mataki wajen fara zurfafa aikinta a ilimin taurari. Aikin koyarwa Daga 1883 zuwa 1887, Mary Byrd ta koyar da lissafi da ilimin taurari a Carleton College, da ke Northfield, Minnesota. A lokacin aikinta a Carleton College, ta kuma yi aiki da tsarin time service, wato tsarin da ake amfani da shi wajen tabbatar da daidaitaccen lokaci, ƙarƙashin kulawar William Payne. A shekarar 1904, ta sami digirin Ph.D. a ilimin taurari daga Carleton College. Aikin koyarwarta ya kasance wani muhimmin ɓangare na rayuwarta. Ta yi ƙoƙari wajen sauya yadda ake koyar da ilimin taurari, musamman ta hanyar amfani da gwaje-gwaje da lura kai tsaye maimakon dogaro kawai da karatun littafi da lacca. Smith College Observatory A shekarar 1887, Mary Byrd ta karɓi matsayin shugabar Smith College Observatory a Northampton, Massachusetts. Ta riƙe wannan matsayi na tsawon kusan shekaru 19. A Smith College, ta horar da ɗalibai mata a fannin kimiyya da ilimin taurari. Ta kuma ƙirƙiro da inganta hanyoyin koyar da descriptive astronomy, wato koyar da ilimin taurari ta hanyar lura da abubuwan da ake gani a sararin samaniya da kuma yin gwaje-gwaje. A lokacin da take jagorantar cibiyar, ta yi ƙoƙarin ganin an ɗauki ilimin taurari a matsayin fanni na gwaji da bincike kamar ilimin kimiyyar lissafi da sinadarai. Wannan ya kasance wani muhimmin ɓangare na tsarin koyarwarta. Binciken ilimin taurari Binciken kimiyyar Mary Byrd ya fi mayar da hankali kan tantance matsayin taurari masu wutsiya (comets). Ta yi amfani da hotunan sararin samaniya da dabarun auna matsayi na taurari (photographic astrometry) domin gano da kuma ƙayyade matsayin waɗannan abubuwa a sararin samaniya. Wannan ya nuna yadda sabbin fasahohin ɗaukar hoto suke fara zama muhimman kayan aiki a binciken ilimin taurari a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19. Littattafanta Mary Byrd ta rubuta ayyuka da dama da suka shafi koyar da ilimin taurari. Daga cikin sanannun littattafanta akwai: * Laboratory Manual of Astronomy — an wallafa shi a shekarar 1899. * First Observations in Astronomy — an wallafa shi a shekarar 1913. A cikin waɗannan ayyuka, ta bayyana hanyoyin da malamai da ɗalibai za su iya amfani da su wajen koyon ilimin taurari ta hanyar lura da sararin samaniya da yin ayyukan gwaji. Ta kuma rubuta wasu kasidu da bayanai masu yawa kan yadda ya kamata a inganta koyar da ilimin taurari. Murabus daga Smith College Mary Byrd ta bar shugabancin Smith College Observatory a shekarar 1906. Ta yi murabus ne bayan da ta sami labarin cewa Smith College ta amince da karɓar tallafin kuɗi daga Andrew Carnegie. Byrd ta yi imanin cewa irin wannan tallafi zai iya shafar 'yancin cibiyar wajen bayyana ra'ayoyinta da gudanar da ayyukanta. Saboda haka, ta ɗauki murabus ɗinta a matsayin wata hanya ta nuna rashin amincewarta da wannan shawara. Bayan barin Smith College, Harriet Bigelow ta gaje ta a matsayin shugabar cibiyar. Shekarunta na baya Bayan ta bar Smith College, Mary Byrd ta yi ɗan lokaci tana da alaƙa da Normal College of the City of New York, wanda daga baya ya zama Hunter College. Daga baya ta koma Lawrence, Kansas, inda ta zauna a gonar iyayenta. Duk da cewa ta bar aikin jami'a na dindindin, ba ta daina sha'awar inganta koyar da ilimin taurari ba. Ta ci gaba da rubuce-rubuce da shiga cikin muhawarar ilimi har zuwa shekarun 1920. Ƙungiyoyin kimiyya Mary Byrd ta kasance memba ko mai alaƙa da wasu manyan ƙungiyoyin ilimin taurari, ciki har da: * American Astronomical Society * Astronomical Society of the Pacific * British Astronomical Association Kasancewarta cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi ya nuna irin alaƙar da ta samu da al'ummar masana ilimin taurari a Amurka da Birtaniya. Gudummawarta ga ilimi Ɗaya daga cikin manyan gudummawar Mary Byrd ita ce ƙoƙarinta na mayar da ilimin taurari ya zama fannin da ake koyarwa ta hanyar gwaji da lura kai tsaye. A lokacin da take koyarwa, tsarin lacca da karatun littafi ya fi zama ruwan dare. Byrd ta yi ƙoƙarin nuna cewa ɗalibai za su fi fahimtar ilimin taurari idan sun sami damar yin lura da abubuwan sararin samaniya da kansu. Ta kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen horar da mata a fannin kimiyya a lokacin da damar mata shiga wasu fannoni na ilimi da bincike ba ta kai yadda take a yau ba. Mutuwa Mary Emma Byrd ta rasu a ranar 30 ga Yuli 1934, a Lawrence, Kansas, Amurka, tana da shekaru 84. An tuna da ita a tarihin ilimin taurari musamman saboda aikinta na bincike kan taurari masu wutsiya, jagorancin Smith College Observatory, da kuma ƙoƙarinta na inganta hanyoyin koyar da ilimin taurari. Duba kuma * Ilimin taurari * Smith College * Carleton College * Harvard College Observatory * American Astronomical Society Manazarta * Jordan D. Marché II, “Byrd, Mary Emma”, Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, Springer. * MacTutor History of Mathematics, bayanin tarihin Mary Byrd. 7m2ka3x557aqcsf5092ub61ur8wn2je 961829 961828 2026-10-02T09:09:04Z Mai Jiddah muhammad 44560 961829 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Stub}} [[Fayil:History and genealogy of the Byrd family, (IA historygenealogy01byrd).pdf|thumb|tarihin iyalan Bryrd]] == Ilimi == A ƙarshen karni na 19 yana da matukar wahala ga mace ta sami ilimi mai zurfi. Mary Byrd malama ce,a kai da waje,yayin ƙoƙarin samun ilimi.Byrd ya sauke karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Leavenworth.Ta halarci Kwalejin Oberlin daga shekaran 1871 zuwa 1874,lokacin da John Millott Ellis ya kasance shugaban kwaleji. Ta bar Oberlin kafin ta kammala karatunta kuma ta sauke karatu daga Jami'ar Michigan tare da BA a 1878.A 1879 Byrd ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar makarantar sakandaren Wabash a Indiana har zuwa Shekaran 1882,lokacin da ta bar karatun ilimin taurari a Harvard College Observatory karkashin Dr.EC Pickering. Ta sami digiri na Doctor of Falsafa daga Kwalejin Carleton a Shekaran 1904. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} Mary E. Byrd Mary Emma Byrd (15 ga Nuwamba 1849 – 30 ga Yuli 1934) masaniyar ilimin taurari ce kuma malamar lissafi da ilimin taurari ’yar ƙasar Amurka. Ta shahara musamman saboda aikinta a Smith College Observatory, inda ta jagoranci cibiyar lura da taurari tare da koyar da ɗalibai mata ilimin taurari. Ta kuma yi bincike kan matsayin taurari masu wutsiya ta hanyar amfani da hotunan sararin samaniya. Tarihin rayuwa da iyali An haifi Mary Emma Byrd a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 1849, a Le Roy, Michigan, Amurka. Mahaifinta shi ne Reverend John Huntington Byrd, wani malamin addinin Congregationalist wanda aikinsa ya sa iyalin suka riƙa ƙaura daga wani wuri zuwa wani. Mahaifiyarta ita ce Elizabeth Adelaide Low. Bayan Mary ta kai kimanin shekaru shida, iyalinsu suka koma Kansas, inda ta yi yawancin yarintarta. A wannan lokacin, damar samun ilimi ga mata ba ta kai matsayin da take a ƙarni na baya ba, amma Mary ta nuna sha'awa sosai ga karatu da koyarwa. Ta taso a cikin iyali da ke ba ilimi muhimmanci, kuma daga baya wannan ya taimaka wajen gina aikinta na koyarwa da binciken kimiyya. Mary Byrd ba ta yi aure ba. Kamar sauran mata da dama da suka zaɓi yin aikin kimiyya a zamaninta, ta mai da hankali sosai kan ilimi, koyarwa da bincike. Ilimi Mary Byrd ta fara karatunta a Kansas, sannan ta halarci Oberlin College. Daga baya ta shiga University of Michigan, inda ta kammala karatun digiri na A.B. a shekarar 1878. Bayan kammala karatunta, ta yi aiki a fannin koyarwa. Ta koyar a makarantu sannan ta zama shugabar makarantar sakandare. Wannan gogewa ta taimaka mata wajen haɓaka sha'awarta ga koyar da lissafi da ilimin taurari. Daga baya ta je Harvard College Observatory, inda ta yi aiki na kusan shekara guda a matsayin mataimakiyar sa-kai a ƙarƙashin jagorancin masanin ilimin taurari Edward Charles Pickering. Wannan lokaci ya kasance muhimmin mataki wajen fara zurfafa aikinta a ilimin taurari. Aikin koyarwa Daga 1883 zuwa 1887, Mary Byrd ta koyar da lissafi da ilimin taurari a Carleton College, da ke Northfield, Minnesota. A lokacin aikinta a Carleton College, ta kuma yi aiki da tsarin time service, wato tsarin da ake amfani da shi wajen tabbatar da daidaitaccen lokaci, ƙarƙashin kulawar William Payne. A shekarar 1904, ta sami digirin Ph.D. a ilimin taurari daga Carleton College. Aikin koyarwarta ya kasance wani muhimmin ɓangare na rayuwarta. Ta yi ƙoƙari wajen sauya yadda ake koyar da ilimin taurari, musamman ta hanyar amfani da gwaje-gwaje da lura kai tsaye maimakon dogaro kawai da karatun littafi da lacca. Smith College Observatory A shekarar 1887, Mary Byrd ta karɓi matsayin shugabar Smith College Observatory a Northampton, Massachusetts. Ta riƙe wannan matsayi na tsawon kusan shekaru 19. A Smith College, ta horar da ɗalibai mata a fannin kimiyya da ilimin taurari. Ta kuma ƙirƙiro da inganta hanyoyin koyar da descriptive astronomy, wato koyar da ilimin taurari ta hanyar lura da abubuwan da ake gani a sararin samaniya da kuma yin gwaje-gwaje. A lokacin da take jagorantar cibiyar, ta yi ƙoƙarin ganin an ɗauki ilimin taurari a matsayin fanni na gwaji da bincike kamar ilimin kimiyyar lissafi da sinadarai. Wannan ya kasance wani muhimmin ɓangare na tsarin koyarwarta. Binciken ilimin taurari Binciken kimiyyar Mary Byrd ya fi mayar da hankali kan tantance matsayin taurari masu wutsiya (comets). Ta yi amfani da hotunan sararin samaniya da dabarun auna matsayi na taurari (photographic astrometry) domin gano da kuma ƙayyade matsayin waɗannan abubuwa a sararin samaniya. Wannan ya nuna yadda sabbin fasahohin ɗaukar hoto suke fara zama muhimman kayan aiki a binciken ilimin taurari a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19. Littattafanta Mary Byrd ta rubuta ayyuka da dama da suka shafi koyar da ilimin taurari. Daga cikin sanannun littattafanta akwai: * Laboratory Manual of Astronomy — an wallafa shi a shekarar 1899. * First Observations in Astronomy — an wallafa shi a shekarar 1913. A cikin waɗannan ayyuka, ta bayyana hanyoyin da malamai da ɗalibai za su iya amfani da su wajen koyon ilimin taurari ta hanyar lura da sararin samaniya da yin ayyukan gwaji. Ta kuma rubuta wasu kasidu da bayanai masu yawa kan yadda ya kamata a inganta koyar da ilimin taurari. Murabus daga Smith College Mary Byrd ta bar shugabancin Smith College Observatory a shekarar 1906. Ta yi murabus ne bayan da ta sami labarin cewa Smith College ta amince da karɓar tallafin kuɗi daga Andrew Carnegie. Byrd ta yi imanin cewa irin wannan tallafi zai iya shafar 'yancin cibiyar wajen bayyana ra'ayoyinta da gudanar da ayyukanta. Saboda haka, ta ɗauki murabus ɗinta a matsayin wata hanya ta nuna rashin amincewarta da wannan shawara. Bayan barin Smith College, Harriet Bigelow ta gaje ta a matsayin shugabar cibiyar. Shekarunta na baya Bayan ta bar Smith College, Mary Byrd ta yi ɗan lokaci tana da alaƙa da Normal College of the City of New York, wanda daga baya ya zama Hunter College. Daga baya ta koma Lawrence, Kansas, inda ta zauna a gonar iyayenta. Duk da cewa ta bar aikin jami'a na dindindin, ba ta daina sha'awar inganta koyar da ilimin taurari ba. Ta ci gaba da rubuce-rubuce da shiga cikin muhawarar ilimi har zuwa shekarun 1920. Ƙungiyoyin kimiyya Mary Byrd ta kasance memba ko mai alaƙa da wasu manyan ƙungiyoyin ilimin taurari, ciki har da: * American Astronomical Society * Astronomical Society of the Pacific * British Astronomical Association Kasancewarta cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi ya nuna irin alaƙar da ta samu da al'ummar masana ilimin taurari a Amurka da Birtaniya. Gudummawarta ga ilimi Ɗaya daga cikin manyan gudummawar Mary Byrd ita ce ƙoƙarinta na mayar da ilimin taurari ya zama fannin da ake koyarwa ta hanyar gwaji da lura kai tsaye. A lokacin da take koyarwa, tsarin lacca da karatun littafi ya fi zama ruwan dare. Byrd ta yi ƙoƙarin nuna cewa ɗalibai za su fi fahimtar ilimin taurari idan sun sami damar yin lura da abubuwan sararin samaniya da kansu. Ta kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen horar da mata a fannin kimiyya a lokacin da damar mata shiga wasu fannoni na ilimi da bincike ba ta kai yadda take a yau ba. Mutuwa Mary Emma Byrd ta rasu a ranar 30 ga Yuli 1934, a Lawrence, Kansas, Amurka, tana da shekaru 84. An tuna da ita a tarihin ilimin taurari musamman saboda aikinta na bincike kan taurari masu wutsiya, jagorancin Smith College Observatory, da kuma ƙoƙarinta na inganta hanyoyin koyar da ilimin taurari. Duba kuma * Ilimin taurari * Smith College * Carleton College * Harvard College Observatory * American Astronomical Society * Jordan D. Marché II, “Byrd, Mary Emma”, Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, Springer. * MacTutor History of Mathematics, bayanin tarihin Mary Byrd. {{Infobox person | name = Mary E. Byrd | image = | birth_name = Mary Emma Byrd | birth_date = {{Birth date|1849|11|15|df=y}} | birth_place = Le Roy, Michigan, Amurka | death_date = {{Death date and age|1934|7|30|1849|11|15|df=y}} | death_place = Lawrence, Kansas, Amurka | nationality = Ba'amurkiya | education = [[University of Michigan]]; [[Oberlin College]]; [[Carleton College]]; [[Harvard College Observatory]] | occupation = Masaniyar ilimin taurari, malama | known_for = Jagorantar Smith College Observatory; binciken taurari masu wutsiya | employer = [[Carleton College]], [[Smith College]], [[Hunter College]] | title = Daraktar Smith College Observatory | years_active = 1878–1914 }} ouqvkqma0bez6wrwo3vp6wua8n2d5wc 0 69267 961715 956587 2026-10-02T06:19:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961715 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Falling fim ne na Wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na 2015 wanda [[Uduak Isong Oguamanam]] ya rubuta kuma ya samar, kuma [[Niyi Akinmolayan]] ya ba da umarni. Tauraruwar [[Desmond Elliot]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]], [[Adesua Etomi]], [[Kunle Remi]], [[Tamara Eteimo]], da [[Kofi Adjorlolo]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Salihu, Ejura |date=30 June 2015 |title='Falling' Set for Release in September |url=http://connectnigeria.com/articles/2015/06/30/falling-set-for-release-in-september Fim din ya ba da labarin wasu matasan ma'aurata, Muna da Imoh, wadanda rayuwarsu ta lalace saboda mummunan hatsari wanda ya bar Imoh cikin mummunan rauni na watanni da yawa. == Makirci == Muna da Imoh matasa ne, ma'aurata masu farin ciki. Rayuwarsu ta canza sosai lokacin da Imoh ya shiga hatsarin mota a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa aiki, ya bar shi a cikin coma. Duk da gwagwarmayar kudi, Muna ta kasance mai ƙarfi a cikin imanin cewa Imoh za ta sake farfadowa. Lokacin da asibitin ya yanke shawarar sallamar Imoh saboda rashin iya biyan kuɗin kiwon lafiya, Muna ta juya ga mahaifinta, Mista Mba, wanda ke ba da wani ɓangare na kudaden da ake buƙata don ci gaba da Imoh a kan tallafin rayuwa na wata. 'Yar'uwar Muna, Tina, ta ƙara damuwa game da jin daɗin Muna da kuma yanayin Imoh da ke ɗaukar ta. Tina ta shawo kan Muna ta shiga tare da ita a wani taron, duk da rashin son Muna. A kulob din, Tina ta raba halin Muna tare da abokinta Yemi, wanda ke ƙoƙarin jawo Muna. Wannan ya fusata Muna, amma Tina ta bayyana cewa Yemi likita ce kuma tana iya taimakawa tare da yanayin Imoh, wanda ya zama dalilin da ya sa ta raba bayanan sirri. Kodayake Yemi ta yi ƙoƙari ta yi abota da Muna, da farko ta yi tsayayya da alherinsa. Bayan lokaci, duk da haka, sun kusanci, kuma Muna ta fara sake gina rayuwarta, har ma da sake tabbatar da aikinta na rubuce-rubuce duk da rashin goyon baya daga mai gabatarwa. Yayin da dangantakarsu ta zurfafa, Muna ta sami kanta a cikin wani lokaci mai rauni kuma tana da jima'i da Yemi, wanda ke haifar da ciki mara kyau. Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan Muna ta gano cewa tana da ciki, Imoh ta hanyar mu'ujiza ta sake farkawa kuma an sallame ta daga asibiti, ta bar Muna ta yi fama da rikitarwa sakamakon ayyukanta. Imoh ya fara nuna halayyar ban mamaki, yana haifar da tuhuma a Yemi. Lokacin da Muna ta sanar da Imoh game da ciki, sai ya bukaci ta dakatar da shi, wanda ya haifar da tashin hankali da gwagwarmaya a cikin dangantakarsu. A halin yanzu, bayan ya koyi game da yaron, Yemi ya nace cewa Muna ta riƙe jaririn, ta yi imanin cewa alama ce ta cewa an ƙaddara su kasance tare. A wannan lokacin, an kwantar da Mista Mba a asibiti bayan tsoro na lafiya yayin da yake kusa da ƙaramar matarsa, Lota Chukwu. Yayinda yake murmurewa, yana da tattaunawa mai zurfi tare da Muna, Tina, da mahaifiyarsu game da kuskuren da ya yi a baya. A cikin wannan rikici na motsin rai, Imoh ba zato ba tsammani ya shiga ya sulhunta da Muna. Tare, sun yanke shawarar riƙe jaririn, suna zaɓar fuskantar makomarsu a matsayin ma'aurata masu haɗin kai. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Adesua Etomi]] a matsayin Muna * [[Kunle Remi]] a matsayin Imoh * [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] a matsayin Yemi * [[Tamara Eteimo]] a matsayin Tina * [[Desmond Elliot]] a matsayin kansa * [[Kofi Adjorlolo]] a matsayin Mista Mba * [[Deyemi Okanlawon]] a matsayin mai gabatarwa == Fitarwa da saki == An harbe Falling a wurin a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] na tsawon makonni biyu. Wannan fim din shine kokarin farko na [[Uduak Isong Oguamanam]] a matsayin mai shirya fim.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Akinsemoyin, Adeola |date=2 August 2015 |title=Uduak Isong Produces First Solo Movie, "Falling" |url=http://tns.ng/uduak-isong-produces-first-solo-movie-falling/ |access-date=3 September 2015 |website=True Nollywood Stories (TNS)}}{{Dead link|date=December 2019}}</ref> An saki hotunan fim din a kan layi a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Izuzu, Chidumga |date=28 May 2015 |title=Check out 1st teaser posters for Uduak Isong's upcoming movie |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/falling-check-out-1st-teaser-posters-for-uduak-isongs-upcoming-movie-id3805181.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085022/http://pulse.ng/movies/falling-check-out-1st-teaser-posters-for-uduak-isongs-upcoming-movie-id3805181.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=2 September 2015 |website=Pulse NG}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1st teaser posters for Uduak Isong's upcoming movie:Falling |url=http://www.makinmagazine.com/1st-teaser-posters-for-uduak-isongs-upcoming-moviefalling/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170605055157/http://www.makinmagazine.com/1st-teaser-posters-for-uduak-isongs-upcoming-moviefalling/ |archive-date=5 June 2017 |access-date=2 September 2015 |website=Makin Magazine}}</ref> An saki trailer don fim din a ranar 5 ga Mayu 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Falade, Yemi |date=16 May 2015 |title=Watch Adesua Etomi & Blossom Chukwujekwu In Uduak Isong's "Falling" |url=http://tns.ng/watch-adesua-etomi-blossom-chukwujekwu-in-uduak-isongs-falling/ |access-date=3 September 2015 |website=True Nollywood Stories (TNS) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828221607/http://tns.ng/watch-adesua-etomi-blossom-chukwujekwu-in-uduak-isongs-falling/ |archive-date=28 August 2023 |url-status=dead}}</ref> An sake wani hoton a kan layi a watan Yulin 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Izuzu, Chidumga |date=13 July 2015 |title=New poster features Blossom Chukwujekwu, Kunle Rhemmy, Adesua Etomi |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/falling-new-poster-features-blossom-chukwujekwu-kunle-rhemmy-adesua-etomi-id3966434.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620060002/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/falling-new-poster-features-blossom-chukwujekwu-kunle-rhemmy-adesua-etomi-id3966434.html |archive-date=20 June 2017 |access-date=2 September 2015 |website=Pulse NG}}</ref> [[Uduak Isong Oguamanam|Uduak]] ya ba da sanarwar cewa fim din zai fara ne a ranar 18 ga Satumba 2015 kuma za a sake shi a wannan rana. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon !Ref |- | rowspan="2" |2016 | rowspan="2" |[[2016 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|2016 Kyautar Zaɓin Masu kallo na sihiri na Afirka]] |Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Wasan kwaikwayo |Blossom Chukwujekwu|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kushaba |first=Kyle Duncan |date=8 March 2016 |title=Africa Magic Viewers’ Choice Awards 2016: The full winners’ list |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1419014/africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-2016-winners-list |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730180303/https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1419014/africa-magic-viewers-choice-awards-2016-winners-list |archive-date=30 July 2019 |access-date=21 April 2016 |publisher=Newvision.co.ug}}</ref> |- |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Adesua Etomi|{{Won}} |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cr9aey0i9zskaipgq98jif9ggxl7q8f 0 70037 961819 376893 2026-10-02T08:57:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961819 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Fissures''''' fim ne da aka shirya shi a shekarar 2009 na Morocco wanda [[:fr:Hicham_Ayouch|Hicham Ayouch]] ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=tt1550479|url=https://m.imdb.com/title/tt1550479/|access-date=26 June 2022}}</ref> == Takaitaccen bayani == A cikin birnin Tangiers wasu mutane uku da ke gefen al'umma suna neman soyayya da kubuta sun taru don su samu soyayya da juna: Abdelsellem, wani mutum da ya fita daga kurkuku, Noureddine, babban abokinsa, da Marcela, wani ɗan ra'ayi na Brazil., Wanda yawuce gona da iri da kuma kashe kansa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fissures (2009) synopsis|url=https://mubi.com/films/fissures|access-date=26 June 2022}}</ref> == Martani == Fim ɗin ya samu yabo sosai a Faransa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fissures - Maghreb des films |url=http://www.maghrebdesfilms.fr/fissures.html |access-date=2023-02-13 |website=www.maghrebdesfilms.fr}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Kyautattuka == * Festival Nacional de Tánger 2010 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{RefFCAT|408}}{{Dead link}} * {{IMDb title|1550479|Fissures}} [[Category:fim]] [[Category:fina-finai]] r98w40nhzcqh7lg2mqwadszw4lp6fnf 0 73670 961816 705654 2026-10-02T08:55:44Z Mai Jiddah muhammad 44560 961816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Tarihin jami'ar yana da alaƙa da Jami'ar London. An kafa shi a shekara ta 1948 a matsayin Kwalejin Jami'ar Ibadan (kwalejin Jamiʼar London), wanda ke kula da shirye-shiryen ilimi kuma yana ba da digiri har zuwa 1967.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ui.edu.ng/History |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-04-29 |archive-date=2022-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814185018/http://www.ui.edu.ng/History |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kafawar ta zo ne sakamakon shawarar da Asquith da kuma Kwamitin Elliot suka bayar kan Ilimi mafi girma a cikin mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya a lokacin, cewa za a kafa Kwalejojin Jami'ar London <ref>https://www.london.ac.uk/</ref>guda biyu a Ghana da Najeriya. Kafin shekarar 1948, an kafa Kwalejin Yaba a 1932 a Yaba, Legas, a matsayin cibiyar ilimi ta farko a Najeriya, ta mayar da hankali kan samar da ilimin sana'a na sakandiri da horar da malamai ga 'yan Afirka. Kodayake, ƙayyadaddun manufofi na Kwalejin Yaba da kuma kira daga 'yan kasar Najeriya don inganta kai da ilimi mara iyaka ya haifar da kafa Kwalejin Jami'ar Ibadan a matsayin cibiyar bayar da digiri na farko a Najeriya a cikin 1948. An tura ma'aikata da dalibai daga Kwalejin Yaba zuwa Ibadan don kafa sabuwar Kwalejin Jami'ar Ibadan . An tsara shi kwatankwacin na Jami'ar Burtaniya, an nada Kenneth Mellanby a matsayin shugabanta na farko shekarar 1949, kuma ya fara gudanar da kwalejin jami'a a ranar 18 ga Janairun shekarar 1948. An yanke sod na shafinta na dindindin a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1948, kuma yanzu an san masu kafawar. Ginin farko na jami'ar an tsara shi ne ta hanyar manyan gine-ginen zamani Maxwell Fry da Jane Drew. Biye da salon zamani na wurare masu zafi, gine-ginen shekarun 1950 sun hada da tubalin gudanarwa, kwalejojin zama da wuraren ilimi. {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category: Jami'o'i]] [[Category: Jami'o'i a Afrika]] inypcf3e0h9eegrfyj6txtskbdrmo84 0 75489 961525 637194 2026-10-01T18:34:31Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Nassoshi */ 961525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ndeye Khadidiatou Dieng''' (an haife ta 1 Disamba Shekara ta 1994) ƴar wasan [[Kwallon kwando|ƙwallon kwando]] ce ta ƙasar Senegal don DUC Dakar da [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Mata ta Senegal|ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Senegal]]. <ref>[https://basketball.usbasket.com/player/203426 Afrobasket.com profile]{{Dead link|date=April 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta halarci gasar cin kofin ƙwallon kwando ta mata ta FIBA ta Shekaran 2018.<ref>[http://www.fiba.basketball/womensbasketballworldcup/2018/player/Ndeye-Khadidiatou-Dieng 2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup profile]</ref> == Nassoshi == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Ndeye Dieng at FIBA [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Category:Matan Senegal]] pn9zt742fyekak0yoh08p1zd05bcnhi 0 76650 961416 407147 2026-10-01T14:58:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cécile Bibiane Ndjebet ''''[[Kamaru|yar Kamaru]] ce mai fafutukar kare muhalli kuma mai kula da gandun daji. Ta shahara da ayyukanta na inganta yancin mata na filaye da dazuzzuka. Ita ce ta lashe kyautar ''Wangari Maathai'' a shekarar 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Woo-hyun |first=Shim |date=2022-05-08 |title=African activist Cecile Ndjebet wins 2022 Global Forest Championship Award |url=https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20220508000119 |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=The Korea Herald |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Cécile Ndjebet a wani ƙauye kusa da Edea a yankin Littoral na Kamaru. Mahaifiyarta manoma ce. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-23 |title=La Camerounaise Cécile Bibiane Njebet lauréate du prix Champions de la Terre de l'ONU |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20221123-la-camerounaise-c%C3%A9cile-bibiane-njebet-laur%C3%A9ate-du-prix-champions-de-la-terre-de-l-onu |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref> Ta yi digirin digirgir a fannin gandun daji na zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Aikin Noma ta Wageningen da ke Netherlands. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ms. Cécile Bibiane Ndjebet {{!}} Department of Economic and Social Affairs |url=https://sdgs.un.org/panelists/ms-cecile-bibiane-ndjebet-29869 |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=sdgs.un.org}}</ref> == Sana'a == Cecile Ndjebet ta fara jigilar ta a Kamaru a matsayin ma'aikaciyar gwamnati. A shekarar 2012, an zaɓe ta a matsayin shugabar canjin yanayi na hukumar kula da dazuzzuka ta Afirka ta tsakiya. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2022-11-25 |title=Laureate pushes for women's rights and a greener future |url=http://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/laureate-pushes-womens-rights-and-greener-future |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=UNEP |language=en}}</ref> Ita ce shugabar kungiyar mata ta Afirka don kula da gandun daji (REFACOF), kungiyar da ke inganta shigar mata a fannin sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa a ƙasar Kamaru da ta kafa a shekarar 2001. <ref name=":0" /> A watan Nuwamba 2022, an ba ta lambar yabo ta UNEP's Champions of the Earth. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Melody |first=Chironda |date=5 December 2022 |title=Cameroon: Cécile Bibiane Ndjebet - A Champion Who Pushes for Women's Land and Forest Rights #AfricaClimateHope |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202212050601.html |archive-date=14 December 2025 |access-date=30 April 2023 |website=Allafrica |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251214044018/https://allafrica.com/stories/202212050601.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kyauta == * 2022 : ''Wangari Maathai'' Forest Champions Award <ref>{{Cite web |title=News: Cameroonian activist wins Wangari Maathai Forest Champions' Award 2022 |url=https://www.globallandscapesforum.org/glf-news/cameroonian-activist-wins-wangari-maathai-forest-champions-award-2022/ |access-date=2023-05-01 |website=Global Landscapes Forum |language=en-US}}</ref> * 2022 : Gwarzon Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na Ƙarfafawa da Aiki <ref>{{Cite web |last=Italia |first=UNRIC |date=2023-03-15 |title=UNEP's 2023 Champions of the Earth Award with a focus on plastic pollution solutions |url=https://unric.org/it/uneps-2023-champions-of-the-earth-award-with-a-focus-on-plastic-pollution-solutions/ |access-date=2023-05-01 |website=ONU Italia |language=it-IT}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 33v4z8ofvifuqy6hbq8nm0sfomeedxc 0 78303 961640 953202 2026-10-02T01:23:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961640 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld" (A Lambkin ya tafi ya ɗauki laifi) waƙar yabo ce ta Lutheran a cikin Jamusanci ta Paul Gerhardt . An fara buga rubutun waƙar yabo a cikin ''Praxis Pietatis Melica'' na Johann Crüger, tun daga fitowar da ta ɓace ta 1647. Wolfgang Dachstein na ƙarni na 16 "An Wasserflüssen Babylon" ana nuna shi a matsayin waƙarsa, kodayake akwai wasu saituna. Daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 17 ana amfani da rubutun waƙar Gerhardt a cikin manyan ayyukan murya kamar saitunan Passion . Tare da waƙar yabo ta Dachstein an haɗa shi a cikin waƙar yabo na Protestant Evangelisches Gesangbuch . == Tarihi == Paul Gerhardt's "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld" an fara buga shi ne a shekara ta 1647, a cikin wani bugu da ya ɓace na Johann Crüger's ''Praxis Pietatis Melica'' . Rubutun farko na waƙar, a cikin Praxis Pietatis Melica na 1648, ya nuna waƙar Wolfgang Dachstein ta karni na 16 "An Wasserflüssen Babylon" a matsayin waƙarsa: [[Fayil:An_Wasserfluessen_cantus.jpg]] An fara amfani da waƙar yabo a matsayin waƙar tarayya. Daga baya an bayyana shi a matsayin "babban aikin dukkan waƙoƙin Passion". == Kalmomi == [[Fayil:Cranach_il_vecchio,_allegoria_della_legge_e_della_grazia_01.JPG|thumb|Lucas Cranach the Elder, "Albarka" panel na ''Allegorie auf Gesetz und Gnade'' zane (karni na 16), yana nuna hoton Ɗan rago na Allah, kuma yana nufin a cikin rubutun Yahaya 1:29]] "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld" an bayyana shi a matsayin fassarar Agnus Dei . Rubutun waƙar ya dogara ne akan Ishaya 53:4-7 da Yahaya 1:29.<ref name="Gerhardt">[https://books.google.com/books?id=qGxFAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA19 V. Leiden Christi. ]</ref> Waƙar ta kasance a cikin sassan 10 na layi goma.[2] Abubuwa huɗu na farko suna nunawa game da Passion na Kristi kuma Abubuwa huɗun na ƙarshe suna nunawa kan sa hannun mai bi ta hanyar karɓar hadaya a cikin nau'in Eucharist . Abubuwa biyu na tsakiya sune canji inda mawaƙi ya juya cikin sadaukarwa ga tunawa da hadaya.[4] Fassarar Turanci na waƙar sun haɗa da "A Lamb goes uncomplaining ahead". == Waƙoƙi == [[Fayil:Stölzel-Ein_Lämmlein_geht_und_trägt_die_Schuld-Berlin_manuscript-p1.jpg|thumb|Shafin farko na kwafin rubutun hannu daga kusan 1750 na Gottfried Heinrich Stölzel's Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld Passion oratorio (1720) <ref>[http://resolver.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/SBB0001902C000C0000 Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld: Passions-Oratorio di Stölzel] at [[Berlin State Library]] website.</ref>]] Bayan tsakiyar karni na 17 na Dachstein "An Wasserflüssen Babylon" hymn tune, Zahn A'a.. 7663, an fi sani da "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld". &nbsp;Tare da wannan sautin, an haɗa waƙar yabo a cikin waƙoƙi da yawa, kamar su Christian Friedrich Witt's Neues Cantional da Evangelisches Gesangbuch, inda aka ƙidaya shi EG 83.<ref>[[Christian Friedrich Witt]]. </ref> &nbsp;Duk da haka an kuma raira waƙar Gerhardt zuwa sautin "Herr Gott, 22:4re die Gerechtigkeit", Zahn No. 7669, da sauran waƙoƙi da yawa an tsara su don rubutun: Johannes Zahn ya lissafa waƙoƙoƙi uku na ƙarni na 17 da aka tsara don "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld" (Nos. 7681-7686, na farko daga cikinsu an tsara shi don sake fasalin rubutun), kuma biyu daga ƙarni na 1968-78 (Nos.[1]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<ref name="Zahn" /> Sashe na uku na yanayin Passion da aka gabatar a Rudolstadt a cikin 1688 ya buɗe tare da Gerhardt's "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld" a cikin tsarin Arya, ta amfani da waƙar "An Wasserflüssen Babylon".{{Sfn|Scheitler|2005}} Reinhard Keiser shine mawaƙi na farko wanda ya yi amfani da waƙar Gerhardt a cikin Passion oratorio a [[Hamburg]]: saitin 1711 na Johann Ulrich König's ''Thränen unter dem Creutze Yesu'' libretto ya buɗe da shi.{{Sfn|Scheitler|2005}} Sashe na biyu na saitin Johann Friedrich Fasch na littafin ''Brockes Passion'', wanda aka tsara a kusa da 1717-1719, ya buɗe tare da daidaitawa na mawaƙa na "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld". A Passion oratorio da aka yi a Gotha a cikin 1719 ya ƙunshi wani aria bisa ga wani sashi na waƙar Gerhardt.{{Sfn|Scheitler|2005}} A cikin 1720, Gottfried Heinrich Stölzel ya kirkiro wani tunani game da tashoshin Gicciye a matsayin Passion oratorio wanda ya kira ''Die leidende und am Creutz sterbende Liebe Jesu'' (Ƙaunar Yesu wanda ya sha wahala kuma ya mutu a Gicciye), wanda kuma aka sani da incipit, Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld.{{Sfn|Schabalina|2008}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Die leidende und am Creutz sterbende Liebe Jesu / "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld" / Ein Passionsoratorium von Gottfried Heinrich Stölzel |url=http://www.sing-akademie.de/209-0-2016.html?detail=petites-perceptions-ii---stoelzel&did=1333 |access-date=14 March 2018 |publisher=Sing-Akademie zu Berlin}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>{{Sfn|Glöckner|2009}}{{Sfn|Scheitler|2005}} An kirkiro shi don Gotha, wannan oratorio ya san yawancin maimaitawa, wasu daga cikin waɗannan a cikin ɗan gyare-gyare: misali an yi oratorio a [[Leipzig]] a cikin 1734, mai taken ''Der Gläubigen Seele Geistliche Betrachtungen Ihres leidenden Jesu'', wanda J. S. Bach ya jagoranta, kuma, a cikin 1736, a Rudolstadt da [[Nuremberg|Nürnberg]].[18][19]{{Sfn|Scheitler|2005}} An kuma san sha'awa uku ta Georg Philipp Telemann da incipit Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld: sha'awar St Mark ta 1723, [[Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld, TWV 5:51|TWV 5:51&nbsp;]]:8">TWV 5:8&nbsp;, sha'awar Saint John ta 1745, TWV 5:30<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwqA">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>, da sha'awar San Matiyu ta 1766, TWV:51. <ref>[http://www.musiqueorguequebec.ca/catal/telemann/telgp02.html#sec05 Georg Philipp Telemann: Catalogue TWV 02–15, Cantates diverses § "05. Oratorio de la passion et Passions"] at {{URL|www.musiqueorguequebec.ca}}</ref>{{Sfn|Schabalina|2008}} Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld, GWV 1119/24, wani coci ne na cantata na ranar Lahadi ta ƙarshe kafin Lent (Estomihi) wanda Christoph Graupner ya kirkiro a cikin 1724. Johann Gottfried Walther ya saita "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld" don kwayar halitta. BWV 267 ita ce [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] ta jituwa da waƙar yabo ta Dachstein.[20]<ref>{{Cite web |title=BWV 267 |url=http://www.bach-chorales.com/BWV0267.htm |access-date=14 March 2018 |website=bach-chorales.com}}</ref> Carl Heinrich Graun ya kirkiro Passion mai suna bayan waƙar yabo, Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld, GraunWV B:VII:4, don soloists, mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa, wanda ake kira Kleine Passion (Little Passion), idan aka kwatanta da sanannen ''Der Tod Jesu''.[20]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld GraunWV B:VII:4; BNB II/G/2 / Passion (Good Friday) |url=https://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00009853?lang=en |access-date=14 March 2018 |publisher=[[Bach Digital]]}}</ref> Gottfried Agusta Homilius, wani ''Kreuzkantor'' a Dresden, ya kirkiro wani Passion Cantata ga soloists, choir da orchestra, HoWV I.2<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mw1w">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>, wanda Breitkopf ya buga a cikin 1775. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gottfried August Homilius / Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld / Passions-Cantate, nach der Poesie des Herrn Buschmann |url=https://www.carus-verlag.com/chor/geistliche-chormusik/gottfried-august-homilius-ein-laemmlein-geht-und-traegt-die-schuld.html |access-date=14 March 2018 |publisher=[[Carus-Verlag|Carus]]}}</ref>{{Sfn|Schabalina|2008}} Kamar St Matthew Passion, HoWV 1.3<nowiki><span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mw3w">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>, ya fara da kalmomin "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld".<ref>[https://www.jpc.de/jpcng/classic/detail/-/art/Gottfried-Homilius-1714-1785-Matth%E4us-Passion/hnum/6607665 Gottfried August Homilius: Matthäus-Passion] at [[Jpc (retailer)|jpc]] website.</ref> &nbsp;Chorale preludes a kan "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld" Johann Christian Kittel, [[:de:Karl Steinhäuser|daga]]&#x5D;-linkid="156" href="./Gustav_Flügel" id="mw5A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Gustav Flügel">Gustav Flügel, {{Interlanguage link|Carl Steinhäuser|de|Karl Steinhäuser}} [de] da Philipp Wolfrum ne suka hada su.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Choralvorspiele des 19. Jahrhunderts, Band 1-4 |url=https://www.baerenreiter.com/shop/produkt/details/BA8456/ |access-date=14 March 2018 |publisher=[[Bärenreiter]]}}</ref> Hugo Distler's Der Jahrkreis, Op. 5, ya ƙunshi wani SSA saitin "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld".&nbsp; == Manazarta == .mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman} == Tushen == *   *   *   == Ƙarin karantawa == *   == Haɗin waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180308042835/https://hymnary.org/text/ein_laemmlein_geht_und_traegt_die_schuld Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt ya mutu Schuld] hymnary.org {{German Lutheran hymns}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qgcu6zwsgh2ou5wr28rz90p2kvwdcp1 0 78884 961514 508418 2026-10-01T18:23:34Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Yan wasan kwaikwayo */ 961514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox|2}} [[Fayil:François Lopinot - Mahler caricature.png|thumb|Mahler (fim)]] '''''Mahler''''' wani fim ne na tarihin rayuwar Birtaniyya a shekara ta 1974 dangane da rayuwar mawakin Austro-Bohemian Gustav Mahler . Ken Russell ne ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni don Kasuwancin Goodtimes, kuma ya yi tauraro Robert Powell a matsayin Gustav Mahler da Georgina Hale a matsayin [[Alma Mahler]] . An shigar da fim din a cikin Shekaran 1974 Cannes Film Festival, inda ya lashe lambar yabo ta fasaha. <ref name="festival-cannes.com">{{Cite web |title=Festival de Cannes: Mahler |url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/2238/year/1974.html |access-date=2009-04-26 |website=festival-cannes.com}}</ref> == Bayanin Fim== Ƙididdigar buɗewa ta fara ne da wata 'yar bukka a kan wani rami a kan wani tafkin da ba shi da kyau yana fashewa da harshen wuta; sai wata mace mai kwarjini ta yi ta faman warware fararen kayanta a wani wuri a waje kusa da wani dutsen da aka sassaka kan Mahler. Tsarin fim din shi ne cewa Mahler da matarsa Alma sun dawo Turai daga lokacin da yake gudanar da shi a Amurka, kuma suna cikin jirgin kasa zuwa Vienna. Jama'a na ta cincirindo suna gaisawa da shi a kowace tasha, amma sai ya sa Alma ya zana makafi kuma ba zai saurari jawaban mutane ba balle ya karbe bouquet dinsu. Maimakon haka, abubuwa dabam-dabam a cikin jirgin suna jawo tunaninsa ko wahayi, kuma muna ganin su. Masoyin Alma Max shima yana cikin jirgin, yana roƙonta da ta bar Mahler ta tashi tare da shi tasha biyu kafin Vienna. An ga bukka maras kyau akan ramin a farkon waƙa: Mahler yana ƙoƙarin yin waƙa a cikinta, kuma ya sa Alma ya zagaya dukan tafkin yana rufe dabbobi da mutanen da ke hayaniya. Ta yi nasara a wannan ta hanyar lallashi da ba da giya. Matar da ta yarda ta canza ɗaki tare da ma'auratan ta yi sharhi cewa sabon shiri na Mahler na Tara duk game da mutuwa ne; hakan ya bata masa rai, kamar yadda wani ya ce bayan [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]] babu wani mawaki da zai iya rubuta wakoki fiye da tara. Yana da [[ciwon zuciya]] kuma likita a cikin jirgin yana kulawa da farfado da shi, amma yana da hangen nesa na rayuwa a cikin akwatin gawa yayin da Alma da Max suka yi watsi da rokonsa, suna ci gaba da juna tare da kone shi. [[Fayil:Mahler thanking Strauss.jpg|thumb|Mahler (fim)]] Sauran abubuwan da suka faru sun haɗa da ziyarar Sarkin Austriya Franz Josef game da aikin darektan kiɗa. Franz Josef ya kasance matashi da yawa don farkon shekarun 1900, lokacin da aka shirya fim ɗin, kuma ya ƙara yin buƙatu masu banƙyama akan Mahler, yana ƙarewa ta hanyar sanya shi fallasa shaidar zahiri cewa shi Bayahude ne kuma ya ƙi shi a kan waɗannan dalilai. Ya zama cewa wannan ba shine ainihin Sarkin sarakuna ba amma abokin Mahler ne wanda ''ke tunanin'' shi ne Sarkin sarakuna, kuma yankin shine mafaka. A wani labarin kuma, Alma na son yin waka ita ma babbar mawakiyar Mahler ta rera wakar ta, amma Mahler ta ce mata aikinta na mata da uwa ne kuma abun da ke tattare da shi yana da matukar damuwa, inda ya ba da misali da mahaukaciyar abokinsu da kuma dan uwan Mahler, wanda rashin nasararsa ya haifar da hakan. raunin hankalinsa da kashe kansa. Alma cikin ɓacin rai ta binne waƙarta a cikin daji tana baƙin ciki. Juyawar Mahler zuwa Katolika yana bayyana ta hanyar zato mai ban sha'awa inda ya yi baftisma na wuta da jini a kan dutsen, wanda Cosima Wagner ke jagoranta, wanda tasirinsa a matsayin gwauruwar [[Richard Wagner]] yana nufin kin jinin Yahudawa yana da karfi a cikin kiɗa. duniya. An nuno ta tana zagayawa cikin mugun kayan shafa baƙar fata, sanye da hular Prussian da rigar wanka tare da giciye a gaba da swastika a baya. A cikin sakewa na ƙarshe, Alma ya fusata sosai kuma ya kai masa hari a cikin bukkar da ke kan rafin domin ya rubuta waƙar waƙa ''akan Mutuwar Yara'' ( ''Kindertotenlieder'' ). Wannan yana da alaƙa da ainihin mutuwar ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yansa, amma hakan ya faru da gaske bayan shekaru. Likitan da ke cikin jirgin da ya kula da shi ya gaya masa cewa yana cikin koshin lafiya. Mahler ta gaya wa Alma cewa tana da zaɓi na tashi kafin Vienna tare da Max a wurinsa ko zama tare da shi. Tana son sanin ko ya taba sanya ta a gaban kidansa; yace duk wakarsa ta shafi ita kuma ita ''ce'' wakarsa. Suna sumbata, kuma Max ya tashi ba tare da ita ba. Mahler ya kasance cikin fara'a don nuna kansa a taga jirgin ƙasa kuma ya karɓi bouquets daga magoya baya. [[Fayil:Gustav Mahler star Vienna.jpg|thumb|Mahler (fim)]] Sun isa Vienna, inda likitan ya ba da rahoto ga likitan Mahler na yau da kullum ta wayar tarho; na karshen ya bayyana cewa Mahler yana rashin lafiya sosai kuma yana da mako guda ko biyu kawai ya rayu. Likitan jirgin kasa ya sadu da ma'aurata masu farin ciki yayin da suke tafiya ta tashar kuma suka fara gaya wa Mahler ainihin yanayin lafiyarsa; amma Mahler ya ce baya bukatar ji domin shi da Alma za su rayu har abada. == Yan wasan kwaikwayo ==  {{div col|colwidth=22em}} * [[Robert Powell]] as [[Gustav Mahler]] ** [[Gary Rich]] as Young Gustav * [[Georgina Hale]] as [[Alma Mahler]] * [[Lee Montague]] as Bernhard Mahler * [[Miriam Karlin]] as Aunt Rosa * [[Rosalie Crutchley]] as Marie Mahler * [[Richard Morant]] as Max * [[Angela Down]] as Justine Mahler * [[Antonia Ellis]] as [[Cosima Wagner]] * [[Ronald Pickup]] as Nick * [[Peter Eyre]] as [[Otto Mahler]] * [[Dana Gillespie]] as [[Anna von Mildenburg]] * [[George Coulouris]] as Doctor Roth * [[David Collings]] as [[Hugo Wolf]] * [[Arnold Yarrow]] as Grandfather * [[David Trevena]] as Doctor Richter * [[Elaine Delmar]] as Princess * [[Benny Lee]] as Uncle Arnold * [[Andrew Faulds]] as Doctor On Train * [[Otto Diamant]] as Professor Sladky * [[Michael Southgate]] as Alois Mahler * [[Kenneth Colley|Ken Colley]] as Siegfried Krenek * [[Sarah McClellan]] as Putzi * [[Claire McClellan]] as Glucki * [[Oliver Reed]] as Station Master {{div col end}} Makin kiɗan na fim ɗin ya ƙunshi rikodi na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Royal Concertgebouw wanda Bernard Haitink ke gudanarwa. == Samarwa == Russell ya daɗe yana sha'awar kiɗan Mahler. Ya ce ya dora fim din ne a kan "Rondo form in music inda za ka gabatar da jigon kuma ka bi shi da banbance-banbance, sannan ka koma kan jigon da dai sauransu. Jigo na shi ne tafiyar jirgin kasa ta karshe da mawakin ya yi kafin ya rasu. A yayin tafiya sai mu yi ta haskawa. Komawa abubuwan da suka faru a rayuwarsa, bambance-bambancen akan jigon kamar yadda suke. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ken Russell On Gustav Mahler |url=https://www.classicfm.com/composers/mahler/guides/classic-fm-heroes-gustav-mahler/ |website=Classic FM}}</ref> Kamfanin David Puttnam Goodtimes ya shirya yin jerin fina-finai guda shida game da mawaƙa, duk wanda Ken Russell ya jagoranta. Batutuwan sun hada da Franz Liszt, George Gershwin, Ralph Vaughan Williams da [[Richard Wagner]] ; suka yanke shawarar fara yi Mahler. Hukumar Kula da Fina-Finai ta kasa ta cire tallafinta kafin yin fim ma’ana Puttnam ta rage kasafin kudin daga £400,000 zuwa £180,000. <ref>Yule p 49-50</ref> Russell ya ce fim din yana da masu goyon bayan Jamusawa wadanda su ma suka janye kafin a fara daukar fim din, lamarin da ya tilasta daukar fim din a Ingila ba a Jamus ba. Russell ya ce Puttnam ba shi da wani labari mai mahimmanci a cikin fim din da ya bambanta da haɗin gwiwar su na gaba, Lisztomania . <ref name="Russell p 167">Russell p 167</ref> An yi wasu sassan waje na fim ɗin a Borrowdale, a cikin gundumar Tekun Turanci. Fim ɗin ya haɗa da wasan kwaikwayo na fim ɗin Luchino Visconti na ''Mutuwa a Venice'', wanda Russell ya ƙi. "Dirk [Bogarde] ya ba da mafi munin aikin rayuwarsa a ''Mutuwa a Venice'' ", in ji Russell. "Halinsa ba shi da alaƙa da Mahler. Mahler bai taɓa lalacewa ba, baya tausayi kansa, bai taɓa yin mafarkin abin da ya gabata ba. Dukan abin ya kasance ɗan murmushi a ɓangaren Visconti kuma yana da kasala. Ya taka irin wannan taken Mahler a ciki. kowane fage." == Karɓuwa == A cewar wani asusun, a shekara ta 1985 fim ɗin ya yi asarar fam 14,000. Sai dai Sandy Lieberson na Goodtimes ya ce "fim din an sayar da shi a ko'ina kuma ya samu riba mai kyau." <ref>Yule p 51</ref> Russell ya kuma ce fim din ya ci riba amma ya yi ikirarin a shekarar 1991 bai taba ganin rabonsa ba. <ref>Russell p 168</ref> Russell kawai ya ƙare yin fim guda ɗaya tare da Puttnam, ''Lisztomania'' . Ana nufin fim ɗin game da Wagner ya biyo baya, kodayake ba a taɓa yin shi ba. == Manazarta== {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|title=Mahler}} * Mahler at AllMovie * Mahler at the TCM Movie Database * [https://www.academia.edu/8584885/_Trauma_as_Memory_in_Ken_Russell_s_Mahler_ ''Trauma as Memory in Ken Russell's Mahler''], by Eftychia Papanikolaou; chapter in ''After Mahler's Death'' edited by Gerold W. Gruber, Morten Solvik and Jan Vičar, 72–89. Olomouc, Czech Republic: Palacký University, 2013. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kz3w1k84imoku9yoduu2z2y4z0zmro5 0 80682 961825 528373 2026-10-02T09:04:12Z Mai Jiddah muhammad 44560 961825 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Ankazondrano Fianarantsoa.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Fianarantsoa-01.jpg|thumb|Tashan jirgin ƙasar a Garin fianarantsoa na ƙasar Madagascar]] [[Fayil:Fianarantsoa 3.JPG|thumb|yar ƙaramar kasuwa a garin fianarantsoa ]] [[Fayil:Fianarantsoa 8.JPG|thumb|yar ƙaraman unguwa a garin fianarantsoa na ƙasar Madagascar ]] [[Fayil:Fianarantsoa 6.JPG|thumb|motar daukan fasinja a garin fianarantsoa na ƙasar Madagascar ]] '''Fianarantsoa''' birni ne (guri na gari) a kudu maso tsakiyar [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]], kuma shine babban birnin Yankin Haute Matsiatra. {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} Fianarantsoa Fianarantsoa birni ne da ke kudancin tsakiyar ƙasar Madagaskar, a yankin Haute Matsiatra. Shi ne babban birnin yankin Haute Matsiatra da kuma cibiyar gundumar Fianarantsoa. Birnin yana daga cikin manyan biranen tsaunukan tsakiyar Madagaskar, kuma ya shahara wajen ilimi, tarihi, addini, noma, kasuwanci da al'adun mutanen Betsileo. Fianarantsoa tana a kusan 21°26′ kudu da 47°05′ gabas, kuma tana da tsayin kusan mita 1,200 sama da matakin teku. Fadin garin kusan 86.05 km² ne. Bisa ƙidayar jama'a ta shekarar 2018, birnin yana da mutane 191,776. Asalin suna Sunan Fianarantsoa kalma ce daga harshen Malagasy. Ana fassara shi da ma'anar “kyakkyawar ilimi”, ko kuma “wurin koyon abu mai kyau”. Wannan suna ya yi daidai da matsayin birnin a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin ilimi da al'adu na Madagaskar. Tarihi An kafa Fianarantsoa a farkon ƙarni na 19, kuma tushen kafa birnin yana da alaƙa da faɗaɗar mulkin Merina zuwa yankunan mutanen Betsileo. An kafa birnin ne domin ya zama cibiyar gudanar da mulki a kudancin yankin Betsileo. Majiyoyi sun ba da shekara 1830 ko 1831 a matsayin shekarar kafa birnin. Sarauniya Ranavalona I ce ta mulki Madagaskar a lokacin, kuma Fianarantsoa ta zama muhimmiyar cibiyar mulki a yankin. Birnin ya ginu a kan tsaunuka da tuddai, abin da ya ba tsohon garin damar samun matsayi mai kyau na tsaro. Tsohon birnin, wanda ake kira Haute Ville, ya kasance cibiyar tarihi ta Fianarantsoa. A lokacin mulkin mallakar Faransa, Fianarantsoa ta ci gaba da zama muhimmiyar cibiyar gudanarwa da tattalin arziki a kudancin tsakiyar Madagaskar. Yanayin ƙasa Fianarantsoa tana cikin tsaunukan tsakiyar Madagaskar, a tsayin kusan mita 1,200 sama da matakin teku. Garin yana da tuddai da kwaruruka masu yawa, kuma gine-ginensa sun bazu a kan wurare masu gangara. Akwai koguna da suke ratsa yankin birnin, ciki har da Mandranofotsy a yammaci da Tsiandanitra a gabas. Daga baya waɗannan koguna suna haɗuwa da tsarin kogin Matsiatra. Yanayi Saboda kasancewarta a tsaunuka, Fianarantsoa tana da yanayin tropical na tsaunuka. Akwai lokacin zafi da damina, da kuma lokacin sanyi da bushewa. Yanayin tsaunukan yana sa garin ya fi samun sanyi idan aka kwatanta da wurare masu ƙananan tsayi a Madagaskar. Jama'a Bisa ƙidayar jama'a ta shekarar 2018, Fianarantsoa tana da yawan jama'a kusan 191,776. Mutanen Betsileo suna daga cikin manyan al'ummomin yankin, kuma birnin yana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman cibiyoyin al'adunsu. Ilimi Fianarantsoa sanannen birni ne wajen ilimi. Sunansa kansa yana da alaƙa da ilimi, kuma birnin ya kasance cibiyar koyarwa da addini tun ƙarni na 19. A birnin akwai Jami'ar Fianarantsoa, wadda take ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin ilimi a Madagaskar. Haka kuma akwai wasu makarantu da cibiyoyin koyarwa, ciki har da cibiyoyin ilimin addini da na kiwon lafiya. Addini Fianarantsoa tana da muhimmiyar tarihi ta addinin Kirista. A birnin akwai tsoffin majami'u da cibiyoyin koyar da tauhidin Kirista. Daga cikin fitattun gine-ginen addini akwai Cathedral of the Holy Name of Jesus, wadda aka gina tsakanin 1871 da 1890. Haka kuma akwai majami'ar Antranobiriky, wadda aka gina a shekara ta 1859, da wasu majami'u na Furotesta. Tsohon birni Haute Ville, wato “Babban Birni”, shi ne tsohon ɓangaren Fianarantsoa. Wannan yanki yana kan tuddai kuma yana ƙunshe da tsoffin gidaje, tituna da majami'u. Gine-ginen tsohon birnin suna nuna salon gine-ginen gargajiya na tsaunukan Madagaskar, tare da gidaje da aka yi da tubali. Wasu daga cikin gine-ginen tarihi an gyara su domin kiyaye martabar tarihi da al'adun birnin. Tattalin arziki Noma na daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin samun kuɗin shiga a yankin Fianarantsoa. Yankunan da ke kewaye da birnin suna da filayen noma, musamman noman shinkafa. Haka kuma yankin ya shahara da noman inabi da samar da ruwan inabi. Saboda haka ana danganta Fianarantsoa da masana'antar ruwan inabi ta Madagaskar. Noman shayi da sauran amfanin gona ma suna da muhimmiyar rawa a tattalin arzikin yankin Haute Matsiatra. Sufuri Fianarantsoa tana da muhimmiyar hanyar sufuri saboda tana kan National Route 7 (RN7), wadda take haɗa Antananarivo, babban birnin Madagaskar, da Toliara a kudu maso yammacin ƙasar. Birnin kuma shi ne tashar ƙarshen layin dogo na Fianarantsoa–Côte Est (FCE), wanda yake haɗa Fianarantsoa da Manakara a gabar tekun kudu maso gabashin Madagaskar. An gina layin dogon tsakanin 1926 zuwa 1936, kuma tsawonsa kusan kilomita 163 ne. An buɗe layin a shekarar 1936. Fianarantsoa kuma tana da filin jirgin sama na Fianarantsoa Airport, wanda ke yankin Beravina. Yawon buɗe ido Fianarantsoa tana da wuraren tarihi da na al'adu da ke jan hankalin masu yawon buɗe ido. Daga cikin abubuwan da ake ziyarta akwai tsohon birnin Haute Ville, tsoffin majami'u, gine-ginen gargajiya da kuma tashar jirgin ƙasa. A kusa da birnin akwai Ranomafana National Park, wanda ke kusan kilomita 65 daga Fianarantsoa zuwa arewa maso gabas. Akwai kuma tsarin duwatsu na Isandra, wanda ke da muhimmancin tarihi da yanayi. Muhimmancin Fianarantsoa Fianarantsoa tana da muhimmanci saboda abubuwa da dama, ciki har da: * kasancewarta babban birnin yankin Haute Matsiatra; * kasancewarta cibiyar al'adun mutanen Betsileo; * kasancewarta muhimmiyar cibiyar ilimi; * kasancewarta cibiyar addini mai tsohon tarihi; * kasancewarta cibiyar noma da kasuwanci; * kasancewarta muhimmin wurin haɗuwar hanyoyin mota da jirgin ƙasa; * da kuma kasancewarta birni mai yawan wuraren tarihi. Nisan Fianarantsoa daga wasu birane Fianarantsoa tana da nisan kusan kilomita 411 daga Antananarivo, babban birnin Madagaskar. Haka kuma tana da nisan kusan kilomita 192 daga Ihosy, yayin da Toliara take kusan kilomita 518 daga birnin. Duba kuma * Madagaskar * Haute Matsiatra * Betsileo * Antananarivo * Manakara * Toliara * Jami'ar Fianarantsoa * Fianarantsoa–Côte Est Railway * Ranomafana National Park Manazarta <references /> lfpjd6ttlijxecfhykltqypyrp7tjid 0 82398 961495 713307 2026-10-01T18:04:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961495 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:David Noble.jpg|thumb|David Noble]] David James Noble, (An haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1982). yayi rayuwa a matsayin kocin kuma tsohon ɗan wasa, yana wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya. A halin yanzu shine manajan St Albans City, a karo na biyu. Noble ya buga wasanni sama da 300 a gasar kwallon kafa ta Watford, West Ham United, [[Boston]] United, [[Bristol]] City, Yeovil Town, Exeter City, Rotherham United, Cheltenham Town da Oldham Athletic. A ƙasa da ƙasa, ya wakilci asalin ƙasar sa wato Ingila a matakan da suka kai ƙasa da shekara 21 kafin ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na ƙasa da shekaru 21 da B na Scotland. == Ayyukan kulob ɗin sa == === Arsenal === An haifi Noble a Hitchin, Hertfordshire . Ya fara aiki ne a matsayin mai horaswa a Arsenal, a inda kuma ya lashe Kofin Matasa na FA a shekara ta 2000. Farkon bayyanarsa na farko ya kasance a matsayin aro a Watford a kakar 2001-02, a karkashin jagorancin Gianluca Vialli; inda ya zira kwallaye sau ɗaya a kan Grimsby Town. == West Ham United == A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2003, Noble ya shiga West ham united a kan canjin ƙungiya na kyauta, ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya har zuwa karshen kakar 2003-04.<ref>{{cite news |date=11 February 2003 |title=Noble signs for Hammers |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/2712869.stm |access-date=13 February 2019 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya fara bugawa a wasan kofin league darushden diamond a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2003, inda ya buga cikakken minti 90 na nasarar 3-1, amma ya sami damar da aka iyakance kuma ya buga wasanni uku a matsayin mai maye gurbin a watan Agusta da Satumba.<ref>{{Cite book}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> == Boston United == A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2004, an ba da rancen Noble na wata ɗaya ga ƙungiyar Boston United , bayan haka ya sanya hannu kan kwangila na dindindin, da farko har zuwa ƙarshen kakar.<ref name="Boston">{{Cite web |title=Boston United squad 2004/2005 |url=http://www.bufc.drfox.org.uk/squad04.html |access-date=3 June 2021 |website=BUFC.drfox.org |publisher=Ken Fox}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=23 March 2004 |title=Noble seals Pilgrims switch |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/b/boston_united/3561225.stm |access-date=13 February 2019 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Bristol City == A watan Janairun shekara ta 2006, ya koma Bristol City Akan kuɗi £ 80,000, bayan ya ji daɗin zuwa aro a can. A ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2007, ya zira kwallaye ma middlebrough a zagaye na huɗu na FA Cup, amma mafi mahimmancin bugawa shi ne kwallaye biyu da ya zira ma rotherham united a ranar 5 ga watan Mayu wanda ya dawo da City cikin gasar.<ref>{{cite news |last=Pickup |first=Oliver |date=6 May 2007 |title=Noble deeds lift up City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/may/06/match.bristolcity |access-date=3 June 2021 |newspaper=The Observer}}</ref> == Birnin Exeter == A ranar 4 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2010, Noble ya sanya hannu a ƙungiyar League One ta Exeter City . An kira Noble a matsayin kyaftin ɗin kulob ɗin a kakar 2010-11.<ref>{{cite news |date=3 August 2010 |title=Exeter City select David Noble as captain |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/14387264 |access-date=3 June 2021 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya sanya hannu kan sabon kwangilar shekara guda a watan Yunin 2011. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2012, Exeter ta saki Noble bayan an sake kulob ɗin.<ref>{{cite news |date=21 May 2012 |title=Grecians offload quartet |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/12691/7769812/Grecians-offload-quartet |access-date=3 June 2021 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> == Rotherham United == Noble ya sanya hannu ga rotherham united a ranar 13 ga Yuli 2012.<ref>{{cite news |date=13 July 2012 |title=Rotherham United sign David Noble |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/18826475 |access-date=3 June 2012 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya shiga garin chaltenham a kan aro a watan Satumbar 2013.<ref>{{cite news |date=2 September 2013 |title=Cheltenham: Rotherham midfielder David Noble joins on loan |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/23935977 |access-date=3 June 2021 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Oldham Athletic da komawa Exeter City == Noble ya shiga oldham city ba tare da kaidogin kwangila ba a watan Agusta 2014. Ya buga wasa sau biyu kafin a sake shi, an sake sanya hannu, kuma ya shiga Exeter City a aro a watan Satumba.<ref>{{cite news |date=12 September 2014 |title=David Noble: Midfielder re-joins Grecians on loan from Oldham |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/29181870 |access-date=3 June 2021 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni 12 yayin da yake aro, sannan ya sake sanya hannu a Exeter a watan Janairun 2015 har zuwa karshen kakar.<ref name="sb1415">{{Soccerbase season|25752|2014|accessdate=9 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=6 January 2015 |title=David Noble and Alex Nicholls: On-loan pair sign for Exeter City |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/30702071.amp |access-date=3 June 2021 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Birnin St Albans == A ranar 28 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2016, Noble ya shiga St Albans City na Kungiyar Kudancin Kasar. Ya kuma sanya hannu kan kwangilar watanni 18 a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2016 kuma a watan Maris na shekara ta 2017 ya zama kyaftin din kulob din.<ref name="StAlbansProfile">{{Cite web |title=David Noble |url=https://www.stalbanscityfc.com/player/david-noble/ |access-date=3 June 2021 |publisher=St Albans City F.C.}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2017, ya kuma zama koci a kulob din.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Metcalfe |first=Neil |date=24 November 2017 |title=Noble proud of new role at St Albans City as he gets set for life after playing days |url=https://www.hertsad.co.uk/sport/noble-proud-of-new-role-at-st-albans-city-as-5114386 |access-date=3 June 2021 |newspaper=Herts Advertiser}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Noble ya wakilci asalinsa wato Ingila a matakin kasa da shekara 16 da kuma , karkashin shekara 19, da kuma karkashin shekara 20.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2021 |title=Match results under 16 1990–2000 |url=http://www.englandfootballonline.com/MatchRsl/MatchRslTmU16pg2.html |access-date=3 June 2021 |website=England Football Online |publisher=Chris Goodwin & Glen Isherwood}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2021 |title=Match results under 19 1991–2010 |url=http://www.englandfootballonline.com/matchrsl/MatchRslTmU19pg1.html |access-date=3 June 2021 |website=England Football Online |publisher=Chris Goodwin & Glen Isherwood}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2021 |title=Match results under 20 1981–2019 |url=http://www.englandfootballonline.com/MatchRsl/MatchRslTmU20.html |access-date=3 June 2021 |website=England Football Online |publisher=Chris Goodwin & Glen Isherwood}}</ref> Daga nan sai ya sauya ya buga wa Scotland wasa. Ya buga wasanni biyu a matakin kasa da shekara 21, <ref name="Hugman">{{Hugman|14660|access-date=4 June 2021}}</ref> kuma ya taka leda a wasan Scotland na gaba da Turkey B a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Future Cup 2003 |url=http://www.scottishfa.co.uk/scottish_football.cfm?curpageid=483 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705044014/http://www.scottishfa.co.uk/scottish_football.cfm?curpageid=483 |archive-date=5 July 2008 |publisher=Scottish Football Association}}</ref> == Ayyukan horarwa == Bayan korar Ian Allinson a matsayin manajan St Albans City a watan Satumbar 2022, Noble ya ɗauki matsayin Babban Kocin na wucin gadi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tyrer |first=Will |date=2022-09-29 |title=Club Statement: Ian Allinson |url=https://www.stalbanscityfc.com/club-statement-ian-allinson/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=St Albans City FC |language=en-GB}}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 2022, an ba Noble rawar na dindindin bayan nasarar kashi 55% a duk lokacin da yake kula da shi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2022 |title=David Noble appointed Head Coach |url=https://www.stalbanscityfc.com/david-noble-appointed-head-coach/ |access-date=22 November 2022 |website=www.stalbanscityfc.com}}</ref> St. Albans ya gama kakar wasa ta yau da kullun a matsayi na 6 kuma ya kai wasan karshe na Kudancin, ya shawo kan Chelmsford City da [[Dartford FC|Dartford]] (a kan fenaraci kafin ya rasa wasan da ci 4-0 ga Oxford City. A ranar 26 ga watan Janairun 2024, an nada Noble a matsayin kocin kungiyar [[Wealdstone FC|Wealdstone]] ta National League a kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da rabi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 January 2024 |title=New Manager: David Noble |url=https://www.wealdstone-fc.com/post/report-wealdstone-2-0-fc-halifax-town |access-date=27 January 2024 |website=www.wealdstone-fc.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250710142145/https://www.wealdstone-fc.com/post/report-wealdstone-2-0-fc-halifax-town |archive-date=10 July 2025 |url-status=dead}}</ref> An dakatar da kwangilarsa bayan kwanaki 73 kawai, inda ya lashe wasanni uku kawai daga cikin wasanni 17 da ya yi a duk fafatawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 April 2024 |title=Statement: David Noble |url=https://www.wealdstone-fc.com/post/statement-david-noble |access-date=7 April 2024 |website=www.wealdstone-fc.com}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A ranar 17 ga Mayu 2024, Noble ya koma St Albans City a matsayin manaja.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2024 |title=Welcome home, David Noble! |url=https://www.stalbanscityfc.com/welcome-home-david-noble/ |access-date=23 May 2024 |website=www.stalbanscityfc.com}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" |+fitowa, kwallayen kulob da kuma gasa ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |Arsenal |2001–02 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2002–03 |Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 |- |Watford (loan) |2001–02 |First Division |15 |1 |0 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |18 |1 |- |West Ham United |2003–04 |First Division |3 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |Boston United |2003–04 |Third Division |14 |2 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |14 |2 |- |2004–05 |League Two |32 |3 |3 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |36 |4 |- |2005–06 |League Two |11 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |13 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !57 !5 !4 !1 !2 !0 !0 !0 !63 !6 |- | rowspan="5" |Bristol City |2005–06 |League One |24 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |24 |1 |- |2006–07 |League One |26 |3 |2 |1 |1 |0 |3 |0 |32 |4 |- |2007–08 |Championship |26 |2 |1 |0 |0 |0 |3 |1 |30 |3 |- |2008–09 |Championship |9 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !85 !7 !3 !1 !1 !0 !6 !1 !95 !9 |- |Yeovil Town (loan) |2008–09 |League One |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |Exeter City |2010–11 |League One |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |- |2010–11 |League One |36 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |4 |0 |42 |0 |- |2011–12 |League One |42 |2 |1 |1 |2 |0 |1 |0 |46 |3 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !78 !2 !2 !1 !3 !0 !5 !0 !88 !3 |- | rowspan="3" |Rotherham United |2012–13 |League Two |22 |3 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 |24 |3 |- |2013–14 |League One |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !22 !3 !0 !0 !2 !0 !1 !0 !25 !3 |- |Cheltenham Town (loan) |2013–14 |League Two |29 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |30 |0 |- |Oldham Athletic |2014–15 |League One |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |- | rowspan="3" |Exeter City |2014–15 |League Two |15 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |16 |0 |- |2015–16 |League Two |30 |0 |2 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |33 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !45 !0 !3 !0 !1 !0 !0 !0 !49 !0 |- | rowspan="6" |St Albans City |2016–17 |National League South |31 |2 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |36 |2 |- |2017–18 |National League South |38 |3 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |4 |1 |44 |4 |- |2018–19 |National League South |16 |1 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3 |1 |22 |2 |- |2019–20 |National League South |30 |0 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |33 |1 |- |2020–21 |National League South |8 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |11 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !123 !6 !11 !1 ! colspan="2" |— !12 !2 !146 !9 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !461 !24 !23 !4 !13 !0 !25 !3 !522 !== |} == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} jhk6sd9byq6rkap7k9rvo5z8shlmhuf 0 84524 961800 742283 2026-10-02T07:35:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961800 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox person | name = Fatoumata Bâ | birth_date = 1986 | birth_place = Senegal | citizenship = Senegalese | alma_mater = {{ubl|[[Toulouse Business School]] (BSc)|[[TBS Education]] (MSc)|[[Harvard Kennedy School]]}} | occupation = Tech, [[Entrepreneur]] | known_for = Founder of Janngo Capital | awards = {{bulleted list|Aenne Burda Award|}} }} '''Fatoumata Bâ''' (haifuwan 1986) ta kasance 'yar kasuwa ce ta fasaha 'yar kasar Senegal, kuma ita ce mu'assasin Janngo Capital. An jigina mata habanka Jumia, da habakar ilimi, da ci gaban SMEs ta hanyar fasaha a Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Infusion |first=Brand |date=2023-05-29 |title=Regulatory Sandboxes in Africa |url=https://empowerafrica.com/fatoumata-ba/ |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=Empower Africa |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fatoumata Ba, Janngo: Profile and Biography |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/21503524 |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=Bloomberg.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fatoumata Bâ, Founder and Executive Chair, Janngo Capital: Interview: Interview - Africa 2022 - Oxford Business Group |url=https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/articles-interviews/bridging-the-gap-fatoumata-ba-founder-and-executive-chair-janngo-capital-on-propelling-small-business-growth-interview |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=oxfordbusinessgroup.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa da aiki == [[Fayil:Dakar_-_Panorama_urbain.jpg|thumb|Dakar, Senegal]] [[Fayil:Tbs_business_school_campus.png|thumb|Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Toulouse]] Haifuwan ta a shekara ta 1986 a cikin ahalain matsakaicin matsayi a [[Dakar]] [[Senegal]], Fatoumata ta fara son harkan fasaha tun tana 'yar shekara tara da haifuwa, lokacin da ta datse kwamfutar mahaifinta wato (hacking) a turance. Lokacin da take da shekaru 11, ta kirkiro wa kanta adireshin imel na farko, kuma a shekara 16, ta gina shafin yanar gizon ta na farko. Fatoumata tana da takadar shedar digiri ta farko daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Toulouse a [[Togo]], da kuma digiri na biyu (masters) a Gudanarwa, Dabaru, Tallace-tallace, da Kudintawa daga ESC Toulouse, [[Faransa]]. Ta ci gaba da halartar Makarantar Harvard Kennedy, Amurka, don Ilimi na Zartarwa a cikin Jagorancin Duniya da Manufofin Jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fatoumata Ba |url=https://www.weforum.org/people/fatoumata-ba/#:~:text=Fatoumata%20BA%20is%20a%20Tech,Board%20of%20Auchan%20in%20Africa |access-date=August 31, 2024 |website=[[World Economic Forum ]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-17 |title=9 Young African Entrepreneurs to Watch |url=https://peopleofcolorintech.com/articles/9-young-african-entrepreneurs-to-watch/ |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=POCIT. Telling the stories and thoughts of people of color in tech. |language=en}}</ref> ==== Ayyuka ==== Fatoumata ta fara aikin sana'an ta a shekara ta 2007 a matsayin Manajar Asusu da Mai Habaka Kasuwanci na Index Multimedia. A shekara ta 2008, ta game da France Telecom a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan Sayarwa kuma daga baya ta ci gaba zuwa matsayin mai nazarin kasuwanci. Ta ci gaba da bunkasa aikinta a Atos Consulting, a inda ta ja ragamar Babban Mai ba da Shawara na tsawon shekaru uku (3). <ref>{{Cite web |last=alm |date=2022-07-14 |title=FATOUMATA BA - Founder & Chief Executive Officer, Janngo Capital |url=https://africanleadersmagazine.com/fatoumata-ba-founder-chief-executive-officer-janngo-capital/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=Africa Leaders Magazine |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830235205/https://africanleadersmagazine.com/fatoumata-ba-founder-chief-executive-officer-janngo-capital/ |archive-date=2024-08-30 |url-status=dead}}</ref>Bayan ta dawo Afirka, Fatoumata ta kafa [[Jumia]] Côte d'Ivoire kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin CEO na shi daga shakara ta 2013 zuwa shekara ta 2015. Bayan haka, Fatoumata ta rike ragamar Shugaban Jumia Najeriya, inda ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen fadada kamfanin da nasara a fadin nahiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fatoumata BA |url=https://www.lesrencontreseconomiques.fr/2018/intervenants/fatoumata-ba/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=Rencontres Economiques d'Aix-en-Provence 2018 |language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.dw.com/en/tech-pioneer-in-africa-fatoumata-b%C3%A2/video-50889019|title=Tech pioneer in Africa: Fatoumata Bâ – DW – 10/18/2019|language=en|access-date=2024-08-31|via=www.dw.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Adegoke |first=Yinka |date=2019-11-26 |title=A female-led venture capital fund focused on African women founders nears its €60 million target |url=https://qz.com/africa/1755755/fatoumata-ba-bows-janngo-capital-fund-for-african-female-founders |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=Quartz |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-11 |title=Fatoumata Ba - Managing partner at Janngo Capital |url=https://restofworld.org/profile/fatoumata-ba/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=Rest of World |language=en-US}}</ref>A halin yanzu tana aiki da Board of SouthBirdge Investment Bank kuma memba ce na Board and Investment Committee of Creadev Africa. Ta kuma shiga cikin Majalisar Mata a Afirka da Majalisar Duniya ta Duniya a kan Sabon Tsarin Tattalin Arziki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DLD Conference: Digital-Life-Design |url=https://dld-conference.com/speaker/fatoumata-ba |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=dld-conference.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Who We Are – Janngo |url=https://www.janngo.com/who-we-are/# |access-date=2024-08-31 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fatoumata Ba |url=https://www.weforum.org/people/fatoumata-ba/#:~:text=Fatoumata%20BA%20is%20a%20Tech,Board%20of%20Auchan%20in%20Africa |access-date=August 31, 2024 |website=[[World Economic Forum]]}}</ref> '''Janngo''' Assasawan shekara ta 2018, Janngo Capital kamfani ne na Kasuwanci dake [[Ivory Coast]] tare da bangarori daban-daban wanda ya haɗa da kayan masarufi, kayan bukatuwa, kasuwancin gona, fasaha, sabis na kudi, da bangarorin kiwon lafiya a duk faɗin Afirka. Kamfanin ya sadaukar da kansa zuwa ga ginawa, habakawa, da sanya hannun jari a cikin zakwakuran 'yan Afirka masu "tech for good", tare da manyan ofisoshinsa a [[Abidjan]] da [[Faris|Paris]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kene-Okafor |first=Tage |date=2022-09-12 |title=Pan-African 'gender equal investor' Janngo Capital hits first close of €60M fund |url=https://techcrunch.com/2022/09/11/janngo-capital-reaches-first-close-of-e60m-fund/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=TechCrunch |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Janngo |url=https://www.janngo.com/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Janngo Capital an san shi a matsayin mafi girman asusun fasaha wanda ya daidaita jinsi a Afirka ba tare da rinjayen wani bangare bisa wani bagare ba. Wani rukuni na masu saka hannun jari ne ke tallafawa, gami da daidaitattun cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi na ci gaba da manyan masu saka hannun jarin kasuwanci, masu zaman kansu, kamar Bankin Zuba Jari na Turai (EIB), Bankin Raya Afirka (AfDB), da Proparco. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Janngo Capital Startup Fund, Africa's largest gender equal tech VC fund reaches the first close of its €60 million new fund {{!}} Proparco - Groupe Agence Française de Développement |url=https://www.proparco.fr/en/actualites/janngo-capital-startup-fund-africas-largest-gender-equal-tech-vc-fund-reaches-first |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=www.proparco.fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Private Equity International {{!}} Database |url=https://www.privateequityinternational.com/database/institution-profile/id/institution:9icwd/Janngo%20Capital/gp-fund-managed/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=Private Equity International |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=JANNGO CAPITAL STARTUP FUND |url=https://www.eib.org/en/projects/all/20180892 |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=European Investment Bank |language=en}}</ref> == Karramawa da sanayya == * 'Matashi na Duniya' na Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya. * Zaɓi Afirka 100 'Shugabannin Tattalin Arziki na Gobe'. * Forbes Africa '30 under 30'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dolan |first=Kerry A. |title=Africa's Most Promising Entrepreneurs: Forbes Africa's 30 Under 30 For 2016 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2016/06/06/africas-most-promising-entrepreneurs-forbes-africas-30-under-30-for-2016/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> * Karramawar Aenne Burda don jagorancin hangen nesa, kyakkyawan fata, da ƙarfin zuciya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Danoglidis |first=Saki Athanassios |date=January 20, 2019 |title=Aenne Burda Award: Superwoman made in Africa |url=https://www.burda.com/en/news/power-woman-made-africa/ |url-status=live |access-date=August 31, 2024 |work=[[Hubert Burda Media]]}}</ref> * Mutane 100 Masu Yawan Tasiri Mata na Afirka 2020 & 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=100Women {{!}} Avance Media {{!}} Fatoumata Bâ |url=https://100women.avancemedia.org/fatoumataba/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240831222640/https://100women.avancemedia.org/fatoumataba/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> [[Rukuni:Matan Senegal]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] alotmusfr0491syauvi9xgb63mtti60 0 88405 961506 723089 2026-10-01T18:16:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Adedayo Benjamins-Laniyi''' (née Olumide, an haife ta a shekara ta 1965) '[[Haƙƙoƙin Mata|'Yan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata]] ce, mai kula da bikin kuma mai aiki a siyasa a ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar da ke mulki a Najeriya, All Progressives Congress (APC). A cikin 2023 Shugaba [[Bola Tinubu]] ya nada ta a matsayin Sakatariyar Mandate don jagorantar sabuwar Sakatarihin Harkokin Mata na [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] (FCTA). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shaibu |first=Nathaniel |date=2023-10-16 |title=Tinubu appoints Benjamins-Laniyi as FCT women affairs secretary |url=https://punchng.com/tinubu-appoints-benjamins-laniyi-as-fct-women-affairs-secretary/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce Grand Matron na 'Hope Again for FCT Women in Politics', kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙarfafawa da kuma jagorantar mata a fagen siyasa a Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Adedayo Benjamins-Laniyi a shekara ta 1965 kuma ta fito ne daga [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] kuma tana da haihuwar haihuwa biyu, saboda mahaifiyarta ta fito ne a [[Trinidad]]. Ta halarci [[Queen's College, Lagos|Kwalejin Queens]], [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]] don karatun sakandare kuma ta kammala karatun Turanci a shekarar 1989 daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ta kafa wani taron kafofin watsa labarai da ƙungiyar salon rayuwa mai suna Doxa Group, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin a Ask Aunty D wanda aka watsa a kan Cibiyar watsa shirye-aikacen Kirista.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Benjamin-Laniyi: My Utmost Concern for the Nigerian Girl-Child is That She May Attain and Live the Life of Her Dream – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/02/03/benjamin-laniyi-my-utmost-concern-for-the-nigerian-girl-child-is-that-she-may-attain-and-live-the-life-of-her-dream/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> Ita Fasto ce a cikin Ikilisiyar Kirista ta Allah kuma ta auri Fasto Tunde Benjamins-Laniyi, Fasto na RCCG Throne Room Transcorp Hilton, Abuja . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Oyediji |first=Tayo |date=2022-11-22 |title=Why Sen. OLUREMI TINUBU Likes DAYO BEN LANIYI |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/why-sen-oluremi-tinubu-likes-dayo-ben-laniyi/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> Tana da 'ya'ya hudu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=sgreen |date=2018-09-24 |title=Dayo Benjamins-Laniyi, A Woman Who Speaks and Acts with Integrity |url=https://bigoceanwomen.org/dayo-benjamins-laniyi-a-woman-who-speaks-and-acts-with-integrity/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=Big Ocean Women |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == A cikin APC, ta kasance daga cikin hudu da suka yi takara a zaben fidda gwani don wakiltar Babban Birnin Tarayya a 2022, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abuchi |first=Joe |date=2022-05-13 |title=I Present Myself As Expression Of Change In FCT - Senate Aspirant Dayo Laniyi |url=https://authorityngr.com/2022/05/13/i-present-myself-as-expression-of-change-in-fct-senate-aspirant-dayo-laniyi/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=THE AUTHORITY NEWS |language=en-US}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> amma ta rasa a matsayin mai tseren farko har zuwa Angulu Zakari - tsohon memba na Majalisar Wakilai na Abaji / Gwagwalada / Kwali / Kuje da kashi 81%. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-11 |title=Why Adedayo, others not satisfied with FCT APC Senate primaries - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/why-adedayo-others-not-satisfied-with-fct-apc-senate-primaries/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2023, Shugaba Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya nada ta Sakatariyar Mandate. == Rashin jituwa == A matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin shekara-shekara na The Experience wanda House on the Rock ya shirya, <ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2022-12-14 |title=The Experience returned for Its 17th Edition With a Night of Powerful Performances & Prayer |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2022/12/the-experience-17th-edition/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Dayo Benjamins-Laniyi wanda a lokacin ya kasance sanata mai neman shiga APC yayin da yake gabatar da tsohon gwamnan [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]] da kuma dan takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar Labour Peter Obi ya bayyana cewa gabatarwarta ta siyasa ce ba ta sirri ba. An tattauna gabatarwar mai rikitarwa sosai a kafofin sada zumunta yayin da kungiyoyi daban-daban suka tattauna idan ya zama dole ko a'a saboda taron ba na siyasa ba ne, la'akari da cewa sun fito ne daga jam'iyyun adawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ibeh |first=Nnenna |date=2022-12-06 |title=Wahala: Nigerians react to weird moment APC Senate aspirant introduced Peter Obi |url=https://www.legit.ng/politics/1507586-its-political-personal-nigerians-react-video-apc-reps-aspirant-introducing-peter-obi-church/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news. |language=en}}</ref> == Karramawa == A cikin 2020, ta sami karbuwa daga tasirin aikinta na Dream Girls inda ta shafi 'yan mata sama da 500 a cikin ma'aikata <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-06 |title=Abuja school honours activist for girl empowerment - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/abuja-school-honours-activist-for-girl-empowerment/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |language=en-US}}</ref> Benjamins-Laniyi Fellow ne na Cibiyar Masu ba da Shawara ta Gudanarwa da Mai ba da Shawarar Gudanarwa.<ref name=":0"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] n2qpueo9svfhshl7m8mq5hht1w9l91r 0 89316 961403 883812 2026-10-01T13:28:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''[[Cocin katolika|Cocin Katolika]] a Najeriya''' wani bangare ne na Cocin Katolika na duniya, a karkashin jagorancin ruhaniya na Papa[[Rum|Roma]], da curia a Roma, da kuma Taron Bishops na Katolika na Najeriya (CBCN). A cikin 2022, shugaban CBCN shine Lucius Iwejuru Ugorji, Babban Bishop na Owerri Archdiocese . Ya biyo baya daga shugaban da ya gabata, Augustine Obiora Akubeze.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Catholic Bishops Conference of Nigeria (CBCN) |url=http://www.cbcn-ng.org/ |access-date=2019-04-09 |website=www.cbcn-ng.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Olowolagba |first=Fikayo |date=2018-02-22 |title=Catholic bishops elect new president |url=https://dailypost.ng/2018/02/22/catholic-bishops-elect-new-president/ |access-date=2020-03-17 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Ikklisiyoyin Katolika na Latin da na Gabas sun ƙunshi Ikilisiyar Kirista mafi girma a duniya da kuma ƙungiyar addini mafi girma a duk duniya. A shekara ta 2005, an kiyasta Katolika miliyan 19 da aka yi wa baftisma a [[Najeriya]]. A shekara ta 2010, yawan Katolika sun kai kusan kashi 12.6% na yawan jama'a, 70% daga cikinsu ana iya samun su a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya. A tarihi, Ubannin Ruhu Mai Tsarki sun kasance da karfi a [[Kasar Inyamurai|Igboland]] a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya na yau, yayin da White Fathers ke aiki a Yamma da Arewacin Najeriya, da kuma Society of African Missions a Legas. Najeriya, tare da [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]], suna alfahari da mafi yawan firistoci a Afirka. Ci gaban da ake yi wa firist a Najeriya galibi a yankin kudu maso gabas ne, musamman a tsakanin kabilun [[Inyamurai|Ibo]], wanda masu bishara na farko sune Ubannin Ruhu Mai Tsarki. Ziyarar papal ta biyu zuwa kasar a shekarar 1998 ta ga beatification na Blessed Cyprian Michael Iwene Tansi . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-13 |title=Blessed Iwene Tansi: The patron saint of Nigeria's democracy @20 |url=https://www.thecable.ng/blessed-iwene-tansi-the-patron-saint-of-nigerias-democracy-20 |access-date=2020-03-17 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}</ref> [[John Paul na Biyu|Paparoma John Paul II]] ya ayyana shi da albarka a Oba, Onitsha Archdiocese, Ikilisiyar yankin da manzo na gabashin Najeriya, Bishop Joseph Shanahan, CSSp ya kafa. Masu kula da hukuma na Najeriya sune Maryamu, Sarauniya ta Najeriya, da Patrick na Ireland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Patron Saints: N - Saints & Angels |url=https://www.catholic.org/saints/patron.php?letter=N |access-date=2019-04-09 |website=Catholic Online |language=en}}</ref> [[Fayil:Nigeria_sm02.gif|thumb|Taswirar Najeriya]] == Yawan jama'a == Kiristanci ya biyo bayan kimanin kashi 46.18% na yawan mutanen Najeriya a cikin 2020; kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na Kiristoci a Najeriya Katolika ne (12.39% na yawan jama'ar ƙasar). A cikin wannan shekarar, sama da firistoci 9,500 da nuns 6,500 sun yi hidima a cikin majami'u 4,000. == Jerin dioceses == {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; clear:right; margin-left:1em" |Archdioceses |9 |- |Diocese na Suffragan |59 |- |Wakilan Manzanni |2 |- |Ikklisiya |1,905 (2004) |- |Firistocin Diocesan |3,452 |- |Firistoci na Addini |694 |- |♦Dukan Firistoci'''Adadin Firistoci''' |4,146 (2004) |- |Mata masu addini |3,674 |- |Manyan seminaries a Najeriya |6 |- |Manyan masu karatun sakandare | |- |Ƙananan seminaries a Najeriya |20 |- |Ƙananan ɗalibai | |- |♦Dukan masu karatun seminari'''Jimillar masu karatun sakandare''' |3,755 (2004) |- |Cibiyoyin ilimi |4,163 |- |Cibiyoyin sadaka |1,202 |- |Bayanan da aka ambata |Shafin Italiyanci na shekara ta 2004 |} A cikin Najeriya matsayi ya kunshi: * Babban bishopric ** Bishopric Nan da nan a ƙarƙashin Mai Tsarki: * Maronite Katolika Eparchy of the Annunciation == Taron Episcopal == Taron bishops na Katolika na Najeriya shine taron bishops na Najeriya. Shugabanta na yanzu shine Lucius Iwejuru Ugorji . == Hadisin Katolika == Wani sashi na gargajiya na Cocin Katolika yana nan a Najeriya kuma yana cikin Firistly Fraternity of St. Peter (Nne Enyemaka Shrine, <ref>{{Cite web |title=FSSP in Nigeria |url=http://www.fsspnigeria.org/pages/history-of-nne-enyemaka-shrine.php |access-date=2019-04-09 |website=www.fsspnigeria.org}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Umuaka). Har ila yau akwai al'umma na matsayin da ba daidai ba Society of St. Pius X (Saint Michael's Priory, <ref>{{Cite web |title=District of Great Britain |url=https://fsspx.uk/en |access-date=2019-04-09 |website=District of Great Britain |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=First priory in Nigeria opened |url=http://www.sspx.org/regional_sspx_news/africa/nigeria_priory-9-7-2012/nigeria_priory-9-7-2012.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416000142/http://www.sspx.org/regional_sspx_news/africa/nigeria_priory-9-7-2012/nigeria_priory-9-7-2012.htm |archive-date=16 April 2013}}</ref> [[Enugu (birni)|Enugu]]). == Jami'o'in Katolika a Najeriya == * Jami'ar Caritas, Amorji-Nike * [[Jami'ar Godfrey Okoye]], Enugu * Jami'ar Madonna (Ihiala) , Okija * Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Mai Ceto, Enugu * VUNA, [[Jami'ar Veritas]] Abuja ([[Jami'ar Veritas|Jami'ar Katolika ta Najeriya]]), Abuja <ref>{{Cite web |title=Veritas University Abuja |url=https://www.veritas.edu.ng/ |access-date=2019-04-09 |website=www.veritas.edu.ng |archive-date=2023-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909083525/https://veritas.edu.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Jami'ar Augustine, Ilara|Jami'ar Augustine Ilara]] * [[Jami'ar Pan Atlantic|Jami'ar Pan-Atlantic]], Legas <ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome to Pan-Atlantic University |url=http://www.pau.edu.ng/ |access-date=2019-04-09 |language=en-GB |archive-date=2006-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060620152049/http://www.pau.edu.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jami'ar Dominican, Ibadan == Manyan seminaries a Najeriya == * [http://www.sspp-ng.urbaniana.edu/ Cibiyar Nazarin Tsarkaka Bitrus da Bulus, Ibadan, Jihar Oyo, Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418000839/http://www.sspp-ng.urbaniana.edu/ |date=2022-04-18 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130507060540/http://www.seminaryofallsaints.com/index.html Cibiyar Nazarin Dukan Masu Tsarki, Uhiele Ekpoma, Jihar Edo, Najeriya] * [https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cevang/pont_soc/pospa/documents/rc_pospa_pro_20010501_memorial_en.html Cibiyar Tunawa da Bigard, Enugu] * [http://www.stams-ng.urbaniana.edu/ Babban Makarantar St. Thomas Aquinas, Makurdi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030214815/http://www.stams-ng.urbaniana.edu/ |date=2023-10-30 }} * Babban Makarantar Nazarin St. Augustine, Jos * [http://www.mspfathers.com/seminary Cibiyar Nazarin Wa'azi ta Kasa ta St. Paul, Gwagwalada] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241222204224/http://www.mspfathers.com/seminary |date=2024-12-22 }}  * [https://www.facebook.com/St.JosephMajorSeminary.IkotEkpene.AkwaIbomState Babban Makarantar Nazarin St Joseph Ikot Ekpene] * Babban Makarantar Nazarin Tansi mai albarka Onitsha, Jihar Anambra * St Albert Babban Babban Seminary Abeokuta * St. John of the Cross Spiritual Year Seminary, Ekpoma * Babban Cibiyar Nazarin Hikima, Owerri * Cibiyar Nazarin Hikima, Cibiyar Nazari ta Umuahia * Babban Makarantar JohnPaul II, Awka * Babban Makarantar Nazarin Makiyayi Mai Kyau, Kaduna * Cibiyar Falsafa ta Claretian, Nekede Owerri * Cibiyar Ilimin tauhidi ta Ruhaniya Attakwu Enugu * Cibiyar Falsafa ta Ruhaniya, Isienu Nsukka * Cibiyar Falsafa ta Don Bosco <ref>{{Cite web |title=DON BOSCO INSTITUTE OF PHILOSOPHY, IBADAN - Lumen et Sapientia |url=http://www.dbipibadan.com/ |access-date=2019-04-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> Tana da alaƙa da Jami'ar Salesian Pontifical (Roma) * Cibiyar Dominican <ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome |url=http://dominicaninstitute.org/ |access-date=2019-04-09 |website=Dominican Institute |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ƙananan seminaries a Najeriya == * Makarantar sakandare ta St Augustine, Amechi Ezzamgbo, Abakaliki, Jihar Ebonyi * Sarauniyar Manzanni Seminary, Afaha Obong, Abak, Jihar Akwa Ibom * Cibiyar Nazarin Immaculate Conception, Mfamosing, Jihar Cross River * St John Vianney Minor Seminary, Barkin-Ladi, Jihar Plateau * Makarantar Nazarin St James, Yandev Gboko * Ƙananan Makarantar Nazarin St Jude, Kuje Abuja * St Theresa's Minor Seminary Oke-Are Ibadan * Zuciya Mai Tsarki Ƙananan Seminary Akure * St Clement's Minor Seminary, Adankolo-Lokoja, Jihar Kogi * Makarantar St Paul ta Ukpor, Jihar Nnewi Anambra * All Hallows Seminary, Jihar Onitsha Anambra * Makarantar Kimiyya ta Musamman ta St Joseph, Jihar Awka-Etiti Anambra. * Makarantar Nazarin Rahama, Jihar Bende Abia * Cibiyar Nazarin Immaculate Conception, Ahiaeke Umuahia, Jihar Abia * Makarantar St Dominic Savio, Akpu, Jihar Anambra * Makarantar St John Bosco, Isuaniocha, Jihar Anambra * Shahadar Mai Tsarki na Uganda Makarantar Sakandare ta Effurun, Jihar Delta * Cibiyar Nazarin Sanarwa Amaudara, Jihar Abia * St John-cross ƙaramin seminary, Isienu-Nsukka, jihar Enugu * Makarantar St Charles Borromeo, Imiringi, Jihar Bayelsa. * Makarantar Nazarin St Mary's Umuowa, Orlu, Jihar Imo. * Bonus Pastor Seminary Osina, Ideato North, Jihar Imo. * Assumpta Minor Seminary, Owerri Archdiocese. * Makarantar Nazarin Mater Ecclesiae, Nguru Mbaise, Diocese na Ahiara * Cibiyar Nazarin St Peter Claver ta Okpala Owerri * Paparoma John Paul II Seminary Yala Okpoma Ogoja Diocese * Makarantar St Peter's Ogii, Okigwe Diocese * Cibiyar Nazarin Zuciya Mai Tsarki, Rumuebiekwe Port Hacourt, Port hacourt Diocese * Makarantar St Felix Ejeme-Anigor, Jihar Delta * St Joseph Seminary Basawa, Zaria, Jihar Kaduna. * St Charles Borromeo Ƙananan Seminary, Jihar Madakiya Kaduna * St Peter's Minor Seminary, Jihar Katari Kaduna * St Peter's Minor Seminary, Jihar Yola Adamawa * St Joseph's Minor Seminary, Jihar Shuwa Adamawa * Makarantar Nazarin Zuciya Mai Tsarki, Jihar Jauro Yinu Taraba * St Paul Minor Seminary, Benin City, Jihar Edo == 'Ƴan Najeriya da aka tsarkake ko kuma aka yi musu beatification == * Mai albarka Cyprian Michael Iwene Tansi, daga [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]] Beatified da Paparoma John Paul II, 22 Maris 1998 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Untitled Document |url=http://www.afrikaworld.net/tansi/index.html |access-date=2019-06-12 |website=www.afrikaworld.net}}</ref> == Ikklisiyoyin addinin Katolika da aka kafa a Najeriya == * 'Ya'ya mata na ƙaunar Allah<ref>{{Cite web |title=Daughters of Divine Love (DDL) website |url=http://www.daughtersofdivinelovedev.org/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140220022451/http://www.daughtersofdivinelovedev.org/ |archive-date=20 February 2014 |access-date=30 May 2013}}</ref> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170919171934/http://newevangelizationsisters.org/ Sabon Bishara 'Yan uwa mata na Uwar Taimako na Har abada)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180711025622/http://www.smmmonline.org/ 'Ya'yan Maryamu, Uwar Rahama Ikilisiya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141217032817/http://dmmmusa-can.org/ 'Ya'ya mata na Maryamu, Uwar Rahama Ikilisiya] * 'Yan uwa mata masu tsarki na iyali * [https://www.divinemercysisters.net 'Yan uwa mata masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje na jinƙai, Nnewi, Najeriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902070845/http://www.divinemercysisters.net/ |date=2018-09-02 }} * 'Yan'uwa mata na Zuciya ta Yesu, Ikeja, Legas-State. * 'Yan uwa mata na Yesu da aka gicciye, Uratta, Owerri, Jihar Imo * 'Yar'uwar Yesu da Maryamu mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje, Warri == Ƙungiyoyin mishan da ke aiki a Najeriya == * [http://www.sma.ie/ Kungiyar Ayyukan Afirka] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241216062847/https://sma.ie/ |date=2024-12-16 }} * [http://www.spiritan.ie/2012/ The Spiritans (Congregation of the Holy Spirit, CSSp.)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329040503/http://www.spiritan.ie/2012/ |date=2019-03-29 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160327233952/http://augustinians.net/ The Augustinians (Order of Saint Augustine, O.S.A.)] * [http://www.olasistersnigeria.org/ 'Yan uwa mata masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje na Uwargidanmu na Manzanni] * [http://www.stlouissisters.org/ 'Yan uwa mata na St. Louis] * [http://donbosconigeria.blogspot.ie/ Salesians na Don Bosco] Salesians of Don Bosco (SDB) ] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130707020038/http://www.missionariesofafrica.org/about/mission.html Masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje na Afirka] * [http://www.pmsng.org/ Ƙungiyoyin Jakadancin Paparoma na Najeriya (PMS Najeriya)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241116131510/https://pmsng.org/ |date=2024-11-16 }} * [http://www.churchinneed.org/ Taimako ga Cocin da ke Bukata] * [http://www.mspfathers.com/ Ƙungiyar Mishan ta St. Paul] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241116064719/https://mspfathers.com/ |date=2024-11-16 }} * Tsarin Masu Wa'azi (Dominicans) * Tsarin Carmelites da ba su da takalma * Franciscans * Ƙungiyar Yesu (Jesuits) * Iyaye Masu Wa'azi a ƙasashen waje * Oblates na St Joseph * Masu Ceto * [http://www.vocationist.net Masu sana'a] The Society of Divine Vocations * [http://www.paulinesafrica.org/ 'Ya'ya mata na St Paul] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180630003406/http://www.divinemercysisters.net/ (Masu'uwa'uwa'u na Missionary na Rahama na Allah P. O. Akwatin 611 Nnewi Najeriya Cell: +2348033802674)] * [http://www.omvnigeria.org// Oblates na Budurwa Maryamu] * [https://www.omiworld.org Masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje na Maryamu Immaculate] == Hanyoyin Haɗin waje == * [http://www.csnigeria.org/ Sakatariyar Katolika ta Najeriya] * [http://www.cbcn-ng.org/ Taron Bishops na Katolika na Najeriya] * [http://www.cnsng.org/ Ofishin Labaran Katolika na Najeriya]{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/country/NG.htm Bayani na GCatholic.org] * [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/country/dng.html Shugabannin Katolika Jerin haruffa na diocese na Najeriya] * [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/country/scng1.html Katolika-Hierarchy Najeriya Statistical Table by Diocese]\ * [http://www.catholicchess.com/index.htm Shirin C.H.E.S. na Katolika (Gidan Katolika, Ilimi da Taimako na Jama'a)] * [http://www.fides.org/ "Agencia Fides" Ofishin Bayanai na Ƙungiyoyin Jakadancin Paparoma tun 1927] [[Rukuni:Kiristancìì]] dd6729560k98uqm004ns9qaiid3szza 0 94277 961522 591393 2026-10-01T18:33:14Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Asalin da tafiya */ 961522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Brahmin da Mongoose''''' (ko '''''Matar Brahmin da Mongoose''''' ) tatsuniya ce daga [[Indiya]], kuma "ɗaya daga cikin tatsuniyoyi mafi tafiye-tafiye a duniya". Ya kwatanta kisan gilla na dabba mai aminci, don haka ya yi gargaɗi game da daukar matakin gaggawa. Labarin yana ƙarƙashin wasu tatsuniyoyi a Yamma, kamar na Llywelyn da karensa Gelert a Wales, <ref name="b494" /> ko na Saint Guinefort a Faransa. An rarraba shi azaman nau'in Aarne-Thompson 178A.<ref> name="pitt.edu">D. L. Ashliman, ''[http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/type0178a.html Llewellyn and His Dog Gellert and other folktales of Aarne-Thompson type 178A]''</ref> == Labarin == [[Fayil:8th_century_Panchatantra_legends_panels_at_Virupaksha_Shaivism_temple,_Pattadakal_Hindu_monuments_Karnataka_1.jpg|thumb| Matar da labarin ''Panchatantra'' na Mongoose an zana su a cikin gidajen ibada na Hindu masu tarihi kamar a haikalin Virupaksha na karni na 8 a Pattadakal (tsakiyar kwamitin). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Blackburn |first=Stuart |year=1996 |title=The Brahmin and the Mongoose: The Narrative Context of a Well-Travelled Tale |journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=494–506 |doi=10.1017/s0041977x00030615 |s2cid=162672939}}</ref>]] Sigar asali daga Panchatantra a [[Sanskrit]] tana tafiya kamar haka (fassara daga {{Harvard citation no brackets|Ryder|1925}} ): {{Blockquote|'''The Loyal Mongoose'''{{efn|The source uses the spelling "mungoose" throughout; the spelling has been here modernized to "mongoose" for consistency with the rest of the article.}}<br> There was once a Brahman named Godly [orig. ''Devasharma''] in a certain town. His wife mothered a single son and a mongoose. And as she loved little ones, she cared for the mongoose also like a son, giving him milk from her breast, and salves, and baths, and so on. But she did not trust him, for she thought: "A mongoose is a nasty kind of creature. He might hurt my boy." [...]<br> One day she tucked her son in bed, took a waterjar, and said to her husband: "Now, Professor, I am going for water. You must protect the boy from the mongoose." But when she was gone, the Brahman went off somewhere himself to beg food, leaving the house empty.<br> While he was gone, a black snake issued from his hole and, as fate would have it, crawled toward the baby’s cradle. But the mongoose, feeling him to be a natural enemy, and fearing for the life of his baby brother, fell upon the vicious serpent halfway, joined battle with him, tore him to bits, and tossed the pieces far and wide. Then, delighted with his own heroism, he ran, blood trickling from his mouth, to meet the mother; for he wished to show what he had done.<br> But when the mother saw him coming, saw his bloody mouth and his excitement, she feared that the villain must have eaten her baby boy, and without thinking twice, she angrily dropped the water-jar upon him, which killed him the moment that it struck. There she left him without a second thought, and hurried home, where she found the baby safe and sound, and near the cradle a great black snake, torn to bits. Then, overwhelmed with sorrow because she had thoughtlessly killed her benefactor, her son, she beat her head and breast.<br> At this moment the Brahman came home with a dish of rice gruel which he had got from someone in his begging tour, and saw his wife bitterly lamenting her son, the mongoose. "Greedy! Greedy!" she cried. "Because you did not do as I told you, you must now taste the bitterness of a son’s death, the fruit of the tree of your own wickedness. Yes, this is what happens to those blinded by greed...."}} A cikin bambance-bambancen yammacin labarin, sauran dabbobi suna maye gurbin Mongoose, galibi kare. Hakanan ana samun shi a cikin wasu nau'ikan a matsayin weasel, cat (a Farisa), bear, ko zaki, kuma a wasu lokuta ana maye gurbin maciji da kerkeci (a Wales). Asalin labarin, duk da haka, yana nan. Hakazalika, bambance-bambancen labarin wani lokaci suna da mutum, maimakon matarsa, yana kashe dabbar aminci. Wani lokaci ana sanya labarin a cikin tatsuniyar labari, inda mai ceto ya tsaya bisa kuskure kuma ya ba da labarin wannan labari, ta haka ya hana kansa mutuwa. == Asalin da tafiya == An fara nazarin labarin a cikin Shekaran 1859 ta Theodor Benfey, majagaba na adabin kwatancen, lokacin da ya kwatanta nau'ikan a Indiya, Gabas ta Tsakiya da Turai. A cikin 1884, WA Clouston ya nuna yadda ya isa Wales. [[Fayil:Gelert.jpg|thumb|250x250px| ''Gelert'' na Charles Burton Barber (1845-1894)]] Murray B. Emeneau yayi la'akari da ƙaura na wannan labarin, ta hanyar matakansa daga Indiya zuwa Wales, a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin ingantattun lamurra na irin wannan yaɗuwar tatsuniyoyi". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Emeneau |first=M. B. |year=1940 |title=A Classical Indian Folk-Tale as a Reported Modern Event: the Brahman and the Mongoose |journal=Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society |publisher=American Philosophical Society |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=503–513 |jstor=985117}}, p.507</ref> An rarraba shi azaman nau'in Aarne-Thompson 178A. Labarin yana faruwa a duk nau'ikan Panchatantra, da kuma ayyukan Sanskrit na baya Hitopadesha da Kathasaritsagara . Hakanan yana faruwa a yawancin yarukan Indiya (da Kudancin Asiya) inda ya shahara sosai. Misali, a jihar [[Karnataka]] ta Kudu Indiya, labarin ya zo ne a matsayin karin magana a rubuce-rubuce, a matsayin sassaka a cikin haikali, a cikin labarun masu ba da labari da mawaƙa, da kuma a cikin fim. Hakazalika, almara na Tamil ''Silappatikaram'' yana tunawa da labarin kawai da sunansa. Kamar sauran Panchatantra, a cikin hijirarsa zuwa yamma ya yi tafiya daga Sanskrit zuwa Larabci (kamar ''Kalila wa Dimna'' ), Farisa, [[Ibrananci]], Girkanci, Latin, Tsohon Faransanci, kuma daga ƙarshe zuwa duk manyan harsunan Turai (kamar ''Fables na Pilpay'' ko ''Bidpai'' ), kama daga Rasha zuwa Gaelic zuwa Turanci. A cikin hijirarsa ta gabas, ya bayyana cikin Sinanci (sifuna goma, gami da a sake fasalin Vinaya Pitaka), da kuma yanki mai faɗi daga Mongoliya zuwa Malaysia. Har ila yau, shi ne kawai labarin da aka samu a duk recensions na Panchatantra, duk versions na "Littafin Sindibad" (ba Sindbad ), da kuma duk versions na " The Seven Sages na Rome ". Hakanan ana samunsa a Mexico da Amurka. Blackburn ta lura cewa tatsuniya ba ta kasance matacciyar al'ada ba kuma har yanzu tana nan, kamar yadda wata jarida a Belgium ta ruwaito a matsayin labari game da wani mutum da ya bar ɗansa da karensa a cikin trolley ɗin sayayya a cikin motarsa. Tushen kuma yana faruwa, tare da kyakkyawan ƙarewa, a cikin fim ɗin Disney ''Lady and the Tramp'' (1955). == liyafar da tasiri == Ana amfani da labarin sau da yawa a cikin al'ada a matsayin misali na gargaɗi game da ɗaukar gaggawa. Hakanan yana aiki azaman gajeriyar hannu don zunubi, nadama da baƙin ciki. A cikin Welsh ya zama labarin mai martaba Llywelyn wanda ya kashe karensa mai aminci, Gelert . Daga baya an fassara shi azaman almara game da wani lamari na gaskiya, kuma akwai ƙananan wuraren bauta ga kare a Wales (kamar a ƙauyen Bedgelert, "kabari na Gelert"). A Faransa irin wannan metamorphosis ya ɗauki mafi girman rabbai, kuma labarin ya zama al'adar Saint Guinefort (kare), wanda ya shahara har zuwa 1930s. <ref>Blackburn, p. 496. {{Blockquote|When the dog replaced the mongoose, the tale was commonly interpreted as a legend (that is as a true event), and the loyal animal's undeserving death was commemorated by small shrines to the dog not only in Wales but also in north India […] On a larger scale, this tale inspired the cult of St. Guinefort in France…}}</ref> Blackburn ta yi nuni da cewa, duk da cewa a cikin nau’o’in adabi da dama, namiji ne ke kashe biro, a mafi yawan sigar baka (da kuma na adabin da aka ambata a sama), mace ce ke yin haka. == Duba kuma == * Jock na Bushveld == Bayanan kafa == {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] iw084yeezhug9tnkijd2tzl95e97qsm 961523 961522 2026-10-01T18:33:35Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* liyafar da tasiri */ 961523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Brahmin da Mongoose''''' (ko '''''Matar Brahmin da Mongoose''''' ) tatsuniya ce daga [[Indiya]], kuma "ɗaya daga cikin tatsuniyoyi mafi tafiye-tafiye a duniya". Ya kwatanta kisan gilla na dabba mai aminci, don haka ya yi gargaɗi game da daukar matakin gaggawa. Labarin yana ƙarƙashin wasu tatsuniyoyi a Yamma, kamar na Llywelyn da karensa Gelert a Wales, <ref name="b494" /> ko na Saint Guinefort a Faransa. An rarraba shi azaman nau'in Aarne-Thompson 178A.<ref> name="pitt.edu">D. L. Ashliman, ''[http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/type0178a.html Llewellyn and His Dog Gellert and other folktales of Aarne-Thompson type 178A]''</ref> == Labarin == [[Fayil:8th_century_Panchatantra_legends_panels_at_Virupaksha_Shaivism_temple,_Pattadakal_Hindu_monuments_Karnataka_1.jpg|thumb| Matar da labarin ''Panchatantra'' na Mongoose an zana su a cikin gidajen ibada na Hindu masu tarihi kamar a haikalin Virupaksha na karni na 8 a Pattadakal (tsakiyar kwamitin). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Blackburn |first=Stuart |year=1996 |title=The Brahmin and the Mongoose: The Narrative Context of a Well-Travelled Tale |journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=494–506 |doi=10.1017/s0041977x00030615 |s2cid=162672939}}</ref>]] Sigar asali daga Panchatantra a [[Sanskrit]] tana tafiya kamar haka (fassara daga {{Harvard citation no brackets|Ryder|1925}} ): {{Blockquote|'''The Loyal Mongoose'''{{efn|The source uses the spelling "mungoose" throughout; the spelling has been here modernized to "mongoose" for consistency with the rest of the article.}}<br> There was once a Brahman named Godly [orig. ''Devasharma''] in a certain town. His wife mothered a single son and a mongoose. And as she loved little ones, she cared for the mongoose also like a son, giving him milk from her breast, and salves, and baths, and so on. But she did not trust him, for she thought: "A mongoose is a nasty kind of creature. He might hurt my boy." [...]<br> One day she tucked her son in bed, took a waterjar, and said to her husband: "Now, Professor, I am going for water. You must protect the boy from the mongoose." But when she was gone, the Brahman went off somewhere himself to beg food, leaving the house empty.<br> While he was gone, a black snake issued from his hole and, as fate would have it, crawled toward the baby’s cradle. But the mongoose, feeling him to be a natural enemy, and fearing for the life of his baby brother, fell upon the vicious serpent halfway, joined battle with him, tore him to bits, and tossed the pieces far and wide. Then, delighted with his own heroism, he ran, blood trickling from his mouth, to meet the mother; for he wished to show what he had done.<br> But when the mother saw him coming, saw his bloody mouth and his excitement, she feared that the villain must have eaten her baby boy, and without thinking twice, she angrily dropped the water-jar upon him, which killed him the moment that it struck. There she left him without a second thought, and hurried home, where she found the baby safe and sound, and near the cradle a great black snake, torn to bits. Then, overwhelmed with sorrow because she had thoughtlessly killed her benefactor, her son, she beat her head and breast.<br> At this moment the Brahman came home with a dish of rice gruel which he had got from someone in his begging tour, and saw his wife bitterly lamenting her son, the mongoose. "Greedy! Greedy!" she cried. "Because you did not do as I told you, you must now taste the bitterness of a son’s death, the fruit of the tree of your own wickedness. Yes, this is what happens to those blinded by greed...."}} A cikin bambance-bambancen yammacin labarin, sauran dabbobi suna maye gurbin Mongoose, galibi kare. Hakanan ana samun shi a cikin wasu nau'ikan a matsayin weasel, cat (a Farisa), bear, ko zaki, kuma a wasu lokuta ana maye gurbin maciji da kerkeci (a Wales). Asalin labarin, duk da haka, yana nan. Hakazalika, bambance-bambancen labarin wani lokaci suna da mutum, maimakon matarsa, yana kashe dabbar aminci. Wani lokaci ana sanya labarin a cikin tatsuniyar labari, inda mai ceto ya tsaya bisa kuskure kuma ya ba da labarin wannan labari, ta haka ya hana kansa mutuwa. == Asalin da tafiya == An fara nazarin labarin a cikin Shekaran 1859 ta Theodor Benfey, majagaba na adabin kwatancen, lokacin da ya kwatanta nau'ikan a Indiya, Gabas ta Tsakiya da Turai. A cikin 1884, WA Clouston ya nuna yadda ya isa Wales. [[Fayil:Gelert.jpg|thumb|250x250px| ''Gelert'' na Charles Burton Barber (1845-1894)]] Murray B. Emeneau yayi la'akari da ƙaura na wannan labarin, ta hanyar matakansa daga Indiya zuwa Wales, a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin ingantattun lamurra na irin wannan yaɗuwar tatsuniyoyi". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Emeneau |first=M. B. |year=1940 |title=A Classical Indian Folk-Tale as a Reported Modern Event: the Brahman and the Mongoose |journal=Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society |publisher=American Philosophical Society |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=503–513 |jstor=985117}}, p.507</ref> An rarraba shi azaman nau'in Aarne-Thompson 178A. Labarin yana faruwa a duk nau'ikan Panchatantra, da kuma ayyukan Sanskrit na baya Hitopadesha da Kathasaritsagara . Hakanan yana faruwa a yawancin yarukan Indiya (da Kudancin Asiya) inda ya shahara sosai. Misali, a jihar [[Karnataka]] ta Kudu Indiya, labarin ya zo ne a matsayin karin magana a rubuce-rubuce, a matsayin sassaka a cikin haikali, a cikin labarun masu ba da labari da mawaƙa, da kuma a cikin fim. Hakazalika, almara na Tamil ''Silappatikaram'' yana tunawa da labarin kawai da sunansa. Kamar sauran Panchatantra, a cikin hijirarsa zuwa yamma ya yi tafiya daga Sanskrit zuwa Larabci (kamar ''Kalila wa Dimna'' ), Farisa, [[Ibrananci]], Girkanci, Latin, Tsohon Faransanci, kuma daga ƙarshe zuwa duk manyan harsunan Turai (kamar ''Fables na Pilpay'' ko ''Bidpai'' ), kama daga Rasha zuwa Gaelic zuwa Turanci. A cikin hijirarsa ta gabas, ya bayyana cikin Sinanci (sifuna goma, gami da a sake fasalin Vinaya Pitaka), da kuma yanki mai faɗi daga Mongoliya zuwa Malaysia. Har ila yau, shi ne kawai labarin da aka samu a duk recensions na Panchatantra, duk versions na "Littafin Sindibad" (ba Sindbad ), da kuma duk versions na " The Seven Sages na Rome ". Hakanan ana samunsa a Mexico da Amurka. Blackburn ta lura cewa tatsuniya ba ta kasance matacciyar al'ada ba kuma har yanzu tana nan, kamar yadda wata jarida a Belgium ta ruwaito a matsayin labari game da wani mutum da ya bar ɗansa da karensa a cikin trolley ɗin sayayya a cikin motarsa. Tushen kuma yana faruwa, tare da kyakkyawan ƙarewa, a cikin fim ɗin Disney ''Lady and the Tramp'' (1955). == liyafar da tasiri == Ana amfani da labarin sau da yawa a cikin al'ada a matsayin misali na gargaɗi game da ɗaukar gaggawa. Hakanan yana aiki azaman gajeriyar hannu don zunubi, nadama da baƙin ciki. A cikin Welsh ya zama labarin mai martaba Llywelyn wanda ya kashe karensa mai aminci, Gelert . Daga baya an fassara shi azaman almara game da wani lamari na gaskiya, kuma akwai ƙananan wuraren bauta ga kare a Wales (kamar a ƙauyen Bedgelert, "kabari na Gelert"). A Faransa irin wannan metamorphosis ya ɗauki mafi girman rabbai, kuma labarin ya zama al'adar Saint Guinefort (kare), wanda ya shahara har zuwa Shekaran 1930s. <ref>Blackburn, p. 496. {{Blockquote|When the dog replaced the mongoose, the tale was commonly interpreted as a legend (that is as a true event), and the loyal animal's undeserving death was commemorated by small shrines to the dog not only in Wales but also in north India […] On a larger scale, this tale inspired the cult of St. Guinefort in France…}}</ref> Blackburn ta yi nuni da cewa, duk da cewa a cikin nau’o’in adabi da dama, namiji ne ke kashe biro, a mafi yawan sigar baka (da kuma na adabin da aka ambata a sama), mace ce ke yin haka. == Duba kuma == * Jock na Bushveld == Bayanan kafa == {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 92cpslo972pvuwj3rx4f2xxa5xwkn6n 961524 961523 2026-10-01T18:34:04Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Duba kuma */ 961524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Brahmin da Mongoose''''' (ko '''''Matar Brahmin da Mongoose''''' ) tatsuniya ce daga [[Indiya]], kuma "ɗaya daga cikin tatsuniyoyi mafi tafiye-tafiye a duniya". Ya kwatanta kisan gilla na dabba mai aminci, don haka ya yi gargaɗi game da daukar matakin gaggawa. Labarin yana ƙarƙashin wasu tatsuniyoyi a Yamma, kamar na Llywelyn da karensa Gelert a Wales, <ref name="b494" /> ko na Saint Guinefort a Faransa. An rarraba shi azaman nau'in Aarne-Thompson 178A.<ref> name="pitt.edu">D. L. Ashliman, ''[http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/type0178a.html Llewellyn and His Dog Gellert and other folktales of Aarne-Thompson type 178A]''</ref> == Labarin == [[Fayil:8th_century_Panchatantra_legends_panels_at_Virupaksha_Shaivism_temple,_Pattadakal_Hindu_monuments_Karnataka_1.jpg|thumb| Matar da labarin ''Panchatantra'' na Mongoose an zana su a cikin gidajen ibada na Hindu masu tarihi kamar a haikalin Virupaksha na karni na 8 a Pattadakal (tsakiyar kwamitin). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Blackburn |first=Stuart |year=1996 |title=The Brahmin and the Mongoose: The Narrative Context of a Well-Travelled Tale |journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=494–506 |doi=10.1017/s0041977x00030615 |s2cid=162672939}}</ref>]] Sigar asali daga Panchatantra a [[Sanskrit]] tana tafiya kamar haka (fassara daga {{Harvard citation no brackets|Ryder|1925}} ): {{Blockquote|'''The Loyal Mongoose'''{{efn|The source uses the spelling "mungoose" throughout; the spelling has been here modernized to "mongoose" for consistency with the rest of the article.}}<br> There was once a Brahman named Godly [orig. ''Devasharma''] in a certain town. His wife mothered a single son and a mongoose. And as she loved little ones, she cared for the mongoose also like a son, giving him milk from her breast, and salves, and baths, and so on. But she did not trust him, for she thought: "A mongoose is a nasty kind of creature. He might hurt my boy." [...]<br> One day she tucked her son in bed, took a waterjar, and said to her husband: "Now, Professor, I am going for water. You must protect the boy from the mongoose." But when she was gone, the Brahman went off somewhere himself to beg food, leaving the house empty.<br> While he was gone, a black snake issued from his hole and, as fate would have it, crawled toward the baby’s cradle. But the mongoose, feeling him to be a natural enemy, and fearing for the life of his baby brother, fell upon the vicious serpent halfway, joined battle with him, tore him to bits, and tossed the pieces far and wide. Then, delighted with his own heroism, he ran, blood trickling from his mouth, to meet the mother; for he wished to show what he had done.<br> But when the mother saw him coming, saw his bloody mouth and his excitement, she feared that the villain must have eaten her baby boy, and without thinking twice, she angrily dropped the water-jar upon him, which killed him the moment that it struck. There she left him without a second thought, and hurried home, where she found the baby safe and sound, and near the cradle a great black snake, torn to bits. Then, overwhelmed with sorrow because she had thoughtlessly killed her benefactor, her son, she beat her head and breast.<br> At this moment the Brahman came home with a dish of rice gruel which he had got from someone in his begging tour, and saw his wife bitterly lamenting her son, the mongoose. "Greedy! Greedy!" she cried. "Because you did not do as I told you, you must now taste the bitterness of a son’s death, the fruit of the tree of your own wickedness. Yes, this is what happens to those blinded by greed...."}} A cikin bambance-bambancen yammacin labarin, sauran dabbobi suna maye gurbin Mongoose, galibi kare. Hakanan ana samun shi a cikin wasu nau'ikan a matsayin weasel, cat (a Farisa), bear, ko zaki, kuma a wasu lokuta ana maye gurbin maciji da kerkeci (a Wales). Asalin labarin, duk da haka, yana nan. Hakazalika, bambance-bambancen labarin wani lokaci suna da mutum, maimakon matarsa, yana kashe dabbar aminci. Wani lokaci ana sanya labarin a cikin tatsuniyar labari, inda mai ceto ya tsaya bisa kuskure kuma ya ba da labarin wannan labari, ta haka ya hana kansa mutuwa. == Asalin da tafiya == An fara nazarin labarin a cikin Shekaran 1859 ta Theodor Benfey, majagaba na adabin kwatancen, lokacin da ya kwatanta nau'ikan a Indiya, Gabas ta Tsakiya da Turai. A cikin Shekaran 1884, WA Clouston ya nuna yadda ya isa Wales. [[Fayil:Gelert.jpg|thumb|250x250px| ''Gelert'' na Charles Burton Barber (1845-1894)]] Murray B. Emeneau yayi la'akari da ƙaura na wannan labarin, ta hanyar matakansa daga Indiya zuwa Wales, a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin ingantattun lamurra na irin wannan yaɗuwar tatsuniyoyi". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Emeneau |first=M. B. |year=1940 |title=A Classical Indian Folk-Tale as a Reported Modern Event: the Brahman and the Mongoose |journal=Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society |publisher=American Philosophical Society |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=503–513 |jstor=985117}}, p.507</ref> An rarraba shi azaman nau'in Aarne-Thompson 178A. Labarin yana faruwa a duk nau'ikan Panchatantra, da kuma ayyukan Sanskrit na baya Hitopadesha da Kathasaritsagara . Hakanan yana faruwa a yawancin yarukan Indiya (da Kudancin Asiya) inda ya shahara sosai. Misali, a jihar [[Karnataka]] ta Kudu Indiya, labarin ya zo ne a matsayin karin magana a rubuce-rubuce, a matsayin sassaka a cikin haikali, a cikin labarun masu ba da labari da mawaƙa, da kuma a cikin fim. Hakazalika, almara na Tamil ''Silappatikaram'' yana tunawa da labarin kawai da sunansa. Kamar sauran Panchatantra, a cikin hijirarsa zuwa yamma ya yi tafiya daga Sanskrit zuwa Larabci (kamar ''Kalila wa Dimna'' ), Farisa, [[Ibrananci]], Girkanci, Latin, Tsohon Faransanci, kuma daga ƙarshe zuwa duk manyan harsunan Turai (kamar ''Fables na Pilpay'' ko ''Bidpai'' ), kama daga Rasha zuwa Gaelic zuwa Turanci. A cikin hijirarsa ta gabas, ya bayyana cikin Sinanci (sifuna goma, gami da a sake fasalin Vinaya Pitaka), da kuma yanki mai faɗi daga Mongoliya zuwa Malaysia. Har ila yau, shi ne kawai labarin da aka samu a duk recensions na Panchatantra, duk versions na "Littafin Sindibad" (ba Sindbad ), da kuma duk versions na " The Seven Sages na Rome ". Hakanan ana samunsa a Mexico da Amurka. Blackburn ta lura cewa tatsuniya ba ta kasance matacciyar al'ada ba kuma har yanzu tana nan, kamar yadda wata jarida a Belgium ta ruwaito a matsayin labari game da wani mutum da ya bar ɗansa da karensa a cikin trolley ɗin sayayya a cikin motarsa. Tushen kuma yana faruwa, tare da kyakkyawan ƙarewa, a cikin fim ɗin Disney ''Lady and the Tramp'' (1955). == liyafar da tasiri == Ana amfani da labarin sau da yawa a cikin al'ada a matsayin misali na gargaɗi game da ɗaukar gaggawa. Hakanan yana aiki azaman gajeriyar hannu don zunubi, nadama da baƙin ciki. A cikin Welsh ya zama labarin mai martaba Llywelyn wanda ya kashe karensa mai aminci, Gelert . Daga baya an fassara shi azaman almara game da wani lamari na gaskiya, kuma akwai ƙananan wuraren bauta ga kare a Wales (kamar a ƙauyen Bedgelert, "kabari na Gelert"). A Faransa irin wannan metamorphosis ya ɗauki mafi girman rabbai, kuma labarin ya zama al'adar Saint Guinefort (kare), wanda ya shahara har zuwa Shekaran 1930s. <ref>Blackburn, p. 496. {{Blockquote|When the dog replaced the mongoose, the tale was commonly interpreted as a legend (that is as a true event), and the loyal animal's undeserving death was commemorated by small shrines to the dog not only in Wales but also in north India […] On a larger scale, this tale inspired the cult of St. Guinefort in France…}}</ref> Blackburn ta yi nuni da cewa, duk da cewa a cikin nau’o’in adabi da dama, namiji ne ke kashe biro, a mafi yawan sigar baka (da kuma na adabin da aka ambata a sama), mace ce ke yin haka. == Duba kuma == * Jock na Bushveld == Bayanan kafa == {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ltiqlz6xvn6vda136rw9earsy3ay4hy 0 94527 961456 839566 2026-10-01T17:11:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961456 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Honor Moore''' (an Haife ta Oktoba 28, 1945) marubuciya Ba'amurkiya ta [[Waƙa|wakoki]], ƙirƙira ƙirƙira da wasan kwaikwayo. A halin yanzu  tana koyarwa a Sabuwar Makaranta a cikin shirin MFA don ƙirƙira ƙiren ƙarya, inda ta kasance farfesa na koyarwa na ɗan lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Honor Moore &#124; the New School |url=https://www.newschool.edu/writing/faculty/honor-moore/ |access-date=13 March 2023 |website=newschool.edu |archive-date=13 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313033628/https://www.newschool.edu/writing/faculty/honor-moore/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''<nowiki/>'Yar Bishop'', abin tunawa game da dangantakarta da mahaifinta, Bishop Paul Moore, an nada shi Zabin Edita ta ''[[New York Times|The New York Times]]'', Littafin da aka fi so na 2008 ta ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', kuma Ƙungiyar Littattafan Littattafai ta Kasa ta zaba a matsayin wani ɓangare na "Kyakkyawan Karatu" da aka ba da shawarar karatun da jerin sunayen da aka ba da shawarar da kuma a matsayin mai nasara ga 2008 na kasa da kasa da kuma Award Autoography for Critics and Laward Adabin Bisexual . <ref>{{Cite web |title=2008 NBCC Finalists Announced |url=http://bookcritics.org/news/archive/2008_nbcc_finalists_announced/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601155745/http://bookcritics.org/news/archive/2008_nbcc_finalists_announced/ |archive-date=2009-06-01 |access-date=2009-03-13}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Honor Moore a cikin 1945 zuwa Jenny Moore da na Bishop Paul Moore . Ta halarci Makarantar wasan kwaikwayo ta David Geffen a Jami'ar Yale tsakanin 1967 da 1979. == Sana'a == Moore ya kasance mawaƙi a wurin zama a Jami'ar Wesleyan da Jami'ar Richmond, farfesa mai ziyara a Makarantar Koyar da Fasaha ta Columbia, kuma shi ne Mawallafin Mawallafi na Ziyara a cikin Shirin Rubutun Ƙirar Ƙira a Jami'ar Iowa . <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.honormoore.com/ |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref> Ita ce marubucin tarin wakoki guda uku: ''Red Shoes'', ''Darling'', da ''Memoir'' ; ayyuka guda biyu na ƙididdiga, ''The White Blackbird'' da ''The Bishop's Daughter'' ; da kuma wasan kwaikwayo ''na Hotunan Makoki'', wanda aka yi a Broadway kuma aka buga a ''Sabon Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mata: Wasan kwaikwayo goma na matan Amurka na zamani'', wanda ta gyara. Moore ya karɓi lambobin yabo a fannin waƙa da rubuta wasan kwaikwayo daga Hukumar Tallafa wa Maƙeran Zane ta Ƙasa (National Endowment for the Arts), Majalisar Zane ta Jihar New York, da Hukumar Zane ta Connecticut. A shekara ta 2004, an ba shi tallafin Guggenheim.<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Fellows - John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation |url=http://www.gf.org/fellows/all?index=m&page=22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603234439/http://www.gf.org/fellows/all?index=m&page=22 |archive-date=2011-06-03 |access-date=2009-03-13}}</ref> A cikin 2012, Moore ya yi aiki a matsayin ƙwararren Farfesa na Ziyara na Bedell <ref>{{Cite web |title=HONOR MOORE &#124; Prairie Lights &#124; Iowa City Bookstore |url=https://www.prairielights.com/honor-moore |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215204247/https://www.prairielights.com/honor-moore |archive-date=December 15, 2019 |access-date=Jan 30, 2020 |website=www.prairielights.com}}</ref> a Shirin Rubutun Ƙirar Ƙira na Jami'ar Iowa . Ita ce editan ''Amy Lowell: Zaɓaɓɓen Waƙoƙi don Laburare na Amurka'' da kuma editan Haɗin Kan ''Kare Cabaret, Littafin Waƙoƙin Rasha'', wanda Paul Schmidt ya fassara. Tana koyarwa a cikin shirye-shiryen rubuce-rubucen karatun digiri a Sabuwar Makaranta da Makarantar Fasaha ta Jami'ar Columbia . Daga 2005 zuwa 2007, ta kasance mai sukar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Broadway don ''[[New York Times|The New York Times]]'' . Ta kasance a kan kwamitin edita na mujallar wallafe-wallafen ''The Common'', wanda ke zaune a Kwalejin Amherst, kuma ya buga aiki a cikin fitowar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |title=About - The Common |url=http://www.thecommononline.org/about |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=Thecommononline.org}}</ref> [[Fayil:Our_Revolution_by_Honor_Moore.jpg|thumb| ''Juyin mu'' na Honor Moore]] ''<nowiki/>'Yar Bishop'', abin tunawa game da dangantakarta da mahaifinta, Bishop Paul Moore, an nada shi Zabin Edita ta ''[[New York Times|The New York Times]]'', Littafin da aka fi so na 2008 ta ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', kuma Ƙungiyar Littattafan Littattafai ta Kasa ta zaba a matsayin wani ɓangare na "Kyakkyawan Karatu" da aka ba da shawarar karatun da jerin sunayen da aka ba da shawarar da kuma a matsayin mai nasara ga 2008 na kasa da kasa da kuma Award Autoography for Critics and Laward Adabin Bisexual . <ref>{{Cite web |title=2008 NBCC Finalists Announced |url=http://bookcritics.org/news/archive/2008_nbcc_finalists_announced/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601155745/http://bookcritics.org/news/archive/2008_nbcc_finalists_announced/ |archive-date=2009-06-01 |access-date=2009-03-13}}</ref> A cikin Afrilu 2009, Laburare na Amurka ya buga ''Waƙoƙi daga Ƙungiyar Mata'', tarihin tarihin da Honor Moore ya gyara. An sake buga wani batu na ''White Blackbird'', tare da sakin takarda na ''<nowiki/>'yar Bishop'' . == Littafi Mai Tsarki == * ''Juyin Juyin Mu: Uwa da 'ya a tsakiyar karni (2019) '' * ''<nowiki/>'Yar Bishop: A Memoir'' (2008) * ''Jajayen Takalmi - Wakoki'' (2005) * ''Darling'' (2001) * ''White Blackbird: Rayuwar Mai Zane Margarett Sargent ta Jikanta'' (1996) * ''Littafin'' (1988) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.honormoore.com/ Yanar Gizo na hukuma] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080725194019/http://honormoore.com/site/Default.aspx HonorMoore.com] (shafin yanar gizon hukuma) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130218181649/http://bostonreview.net/BR34.2/moore.php Bayan Ariel: Bikin shayari na ƙungiyar mata] ta Honor Moore a cikin ''Binciken Boston'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090405173256/http://poemsoutloud.net/ Memoir and Poetry] by Honor Moore on [https://web.archive.org/web/20090405173256/http://poemsoutloud.net/ the Poems Out Loud] * Audio: [http://poemsoutloud.net/audio/archive/honor_moore_reads_disparu/ Honor Moore ya karanta "Disparu"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410082737/http://poemsoutloud.net/audio/archive/honor_moore_reads_disparu/ |date=2019-04-10 }} daga littafin ''Red Shoes'' * Honor Moore ya karanta waƙar ta a Waƙar Rage Karatun da aka samar a cikin 1974 ta Westbeth Playwrights Feminist Collective . * Dubi kuma bitar gidan wasan kwaikwayon ta "Theater Ba Zai taɓa zama iri ɗaya ba" wanda aka buga a 1977 yana tattaunawa game da wasan kwaikwayo na mata, [http://www.honormoore.com/archives/2010/11/16/theatre-will-never-be-the-same.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207151421/http://www.honormoore.com/archives/2010/11/16/theatre-will-never-be-the-same.html |date=2016-12-07 }} Archived * [http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:RAD.SCHL:sch01179 Takardun Honor Moore.] [http://radcliffe.harvard.edu/schlesinger-library Makarantar Schlesinger], Cibiyar Radcliffe, Jami'ar Harvard. * [http://bombmagazine.org/article/3172/honor-moore-victoria-redel Tattaunawar ''Mujallar Bom'' ta 2008 tsakanin Honor Moore & Victoria Redel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611125428/http://bombmagazine.org/article/3172/honor-moore-victoria-redel |date=2015-06-11 }} Archived [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] a0c5xk21z2fr2ouf11tx4k7xrxk55du 0 99945 961610 616510 2026-10-01T22:54:19Z Dostojewskij 4361 Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002 961610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Tyla Laura Seethal''' (an Haife ta 30 Janairu 2002), wanda aka fi sani da suna Tyla, mawaƙiya ce kuma marubuciya 'yar Afirka ta Kudu. Salon wakokinta na da alaƙa da haɗakar pop da amapiano, yayinda da wasu kafafen wallafe-wallafe da yawa suke mata lakabi da "Sarauniyar Popiano". Haihuwa kuma ta girma a Johannesburg, Tyla ta sanya hannu tare da Epic Records a cikin 2021 sakamakon nasarar cikin gida na 2019 na farko na farko, "Getting Late". Ta samu karbuwa a duniya bayan fitar da fim din "Water" dinta na shekarar 2023, wanda ya shiga sahu goma a kasashe da dama da suka hada da Afirka ta Kudu ta haihuwa, Birtaniya da kuma Amurka. "Ruwa" ita ce waƙa ta farko da wani ɗan wasan solo na Afirka ta Kudu ya fara shiga cikin Billboard Hot 100 na Amurka a cikin shekaru 55 kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Grammy Award don Mafi kyawun Waƙar Afirka. Waƙar ta riga ta riga da kundin album ɗinta mai taken kanta (2024), wanda aka fitar don yabo mai mahimmanci da matsakaicin nasarar kasuwanci, shiga ko kusantar manyan 25 a ƙasashe da yawa ciki har da Amurka. Tyla ita ce matashin ɗan wasan Afirka mafi ƙanƙanta a tarihi da ya lashe kyautar Grammy. ==Rayuwar farko== An haifi Tyla Laura Seethal<ref>Birjalal, Alyssia (11 June 2024). "From music to fashion, Tyla is making major moves as she builds her brand". Independent Online. Retrieved 10 August 2024.</ref> ] a ranar 30 ga Janairu 2002 a Edenvale, Gauteng,<ref>Zwane-Ejike, Nokuthula (12 January 2024). "A Grammy nod, big collaborations and a new album on the way – singer Tyla is unstoppable!". News24. You. Archived from the original on 28 March 2024. Retrieved 28 March 2024 – via </ref> ] <ref>Tjiya, Emmanuel (9 June 2023). "Tyla: The girl next door". The Sowetan. OCLC 28688177. Archived from the original on 28 March 2024. Retrieved 28 March 2024.</ref> zuwa dangin Launi tare da Indiyawa, <ref>Kelly, Jade (1 March 2021). "The Year of Tyla". Breakroom Africa. Archived from the original on 14 April 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2023.</ref> <ref>"Why Tyla's global success means South Africa has to explain being coloured again"</ref> Indo-Mauritian, Zulu, da zuriyar Irish.<ref>the original</ref> Ta girma a Johannesburg, Gauteng, kuma ta sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Edenglen a 2019, inda ta kasance Shugabar Al'adu.[13] Tyla tana da 'yan'uwa 3, babbar 'yar'uwa, Whitney, da ƙane da 'yar'uwa, Tyrese da Sydney. A lokacin shekararta ta ƙarshe ta makarantar sakandare, ta fara neman sana'a a cikin kiɗa, ta buga wakoki na asali da murfin kan Instagram da kuma neman damammaki a masana'antar kiɗa. Manajanta na farko, Garth von Glehn ne ya gano ta, wanda ya shirya taron rikodi na farko<ref>Dunn, Frankie (3 April 2021). "Tyla is on a mission to become South Africa's biggest popstar". i-D. Vice. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.</ref> <ref>Mamo, Heran (31 October 2023). "From a 'Normal Girl in South Africa' to a Rising 'Popiano' Star, Tyla is Making Major Waves with 'Water'". Billboard. Archived from the original on 1 November 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2023.</ref> Tyla ta bayyana cewa takan shafe kowane karshen mako na shekarar karshe ta sakandare a dakin daukar darasi.<ref>Savage, Mark (2 January 2024). "BBC Sound of 2024: South Africa's Tyla says 'people are not ready' for debut album". BBC News. Archived from the original on 9 February 2024. Retrieved 9 February 2024.</ref> == Aikin fasaha== "Lokacin da nike karama, koyaushe ina fatan cewa tauraro irin su Rihanna, Britney Spears ko Michael Jackson zai fito daga Afirka ta Kudu. Ina son tauraro ya fito daga garinmu. Yanzu ga mutanen garinmu, ina so in zama tauraro mai wakiltar Afirka ta Kudu." Tyla tana magana da "Tyla, Singer of Viral Hit 'Water,' Says Her DMs Are 'Always Active' (Exclusive)" Stone a ranar 19 ga Janairu 2024.<ref>"Tyla, Singer of Viral Hit 'Water,' Says Her DMs Are 'Always Active' (Exclusive)"</ref> Babban tasirin kiɗan Tyla sun haɗa da Michael Jackson, Rihanna, <ref>Garcia, Thania (1 December 2023). "Tyla Talks Grammy Nom for 'Water' and Her Upcoming, 'Experimental' Debut Album". Variety. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023</ref> Britney Spears, Drake, Wizkid, Whitney Houston, Freshlyground, Aaliyah] da Cassie. Ta ce burinta shine ta zama tauraruwar pop ta farko daga Afirka Tun daga lokacin ana ɗaukarta a matsayin "Sarauniyar Popiano", [ hadewar nau'ikan pop da amapiano, [] da ke tattare da abubuwan R&B da Afrobeats.[ ==manazarta== [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2002]] 68yk5pxl0q3cql1bekr7tqlp7b5lluf 3 104698 961546 655283 2026-10-01T20:00:09Z Borhan 26054 Borhan moved page [[Tattaunawar user:Hassan Hassoon]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Nile Nomad]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Hassan Hassoon|Hassan Hassoon]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Nile Nomad|Nile Nomad]]" 655283 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Hassan Hassoon! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Hassan Hassoon|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 6 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC) 93qyv4nhm2ou5kzt9n5svk14l0we8jb 0 108925 961864 954034 2026-10-02T11:41:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Northport ƙauyen ne a cikin garin Huntington a cikin kasa Suffolk , a Arewacin Tekun Long Island, New York, Amurka . Yawan jama'a ya kai 7,347 a lokacin ƙidayar jama'a ta 2020. Da farko an sanya shi Great Cow Harbour ta masu mulkin mallaka na Ingila na ƙarni na 17, an sake sunan yankin a hukumance Northport a 1837. A shekara ta 1894, a kokarin samar da mulki, an kafa al'umma a matsayin ƙauye. An san '''Ƙauyen da aka kafa na Northport''' da cibiyar ƙauyen Victorian, har yanzu tana ɗauke da rails na trolley daga layin titin da aka dakatar da shi wanda ke jigilar mazaunan ƙauyen zuwa tashar Long Island Rail Road a Gabashin Northport. Babban titin ƙauyen yana gudana daga ƙauyen Green tare da tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa tsohon ƙauyen Vernon Valley, wanda tun daga lokacin al'ummar makwabta ta Gabashin Northport ta haɗa shi. == Tarihi == === Zamanin Turai === Mutanen asali na yankin da yanzu ake kira Northport sune Matinecocks, ɗaya daga cikin kabilun 'Yan asalin Amurka 13 na Long Island. Matinecocks sun kira wannan ƙasar ''Opcathontyche'', wanda ke nufin "kogi na ruwa".<ref name="Newsday">{{Cite web |last=Bleyer |first=Bill |title=Northport: A Harbor of Transformations |url=http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-historytown-hist005c,0,6458687.story?coll=ny-lihistory-navigation |access-date=February 8, 2007 |website=Long Island, Our History |publisher=Newsday |archive-date=December 7, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207065007/http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-historytown-hist005c,0,6458687.story?coll=ny-lihistory-navigation |url-status=dead}}</ref> Bayan sha'awar Dutch 'yan shekaru da suka gabata, Cif Asharoken, shugaban Matinecocks, ya sayar da ƙasar ga' yan Ingila uku a shekara ta 1656.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Northport |url=http://www.northportny.com/about.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509163337/http://www.northportny.com/about.php |archive-date=May 9, 2008 |access-date=February 8, 2007 |publisher=Northport Chamber of Commerce}}</ref> Tare da ƙasar da ta dace da noma, mazauna farko sun kiwo shanu a makiyaya a kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa. Ba da daɗewa ba yankin ya zama sananne da Great Cow Harbour . <ref name="names">{{Cite web |last=Little |first=Bob |title=The Many Names of Northport |url=http://www.theliconnection.com/editorials/760 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717010205/http://www.theliconnection.com/editorials/760 |archive-date=July 17, 2011 |access-date=February 8, 2007 |website=Northport History |publisher=Northport Historical Society}}</ref> (An san ƙauyen da ke kusa da Centerport da Little Cow Harbour.) Gidan da ya fi tsufa har yanzu yana tsaye a Northport, Gidan Skidmore a kan Main Street, an gina shi a cikin 1761. A shekara ta 2009 an sayar da gidan, wanda ya haifar da ƙauyen don zartar da dokar adana tarihi. === Girma, canji, da ginin jirgi === [[File:Woodbine_Avenue_Northport.jpg|left|thumb|250x250px|Woodbine Avenue da Northport Harbor, kusan 1900]] A farkon karni na 19, Great Cow Harbor har yanzu al'umma ce ta karkara. A cikin shekarun 1830, ƙauyen yana dauke da gidaje takwas kawai. Amma sabon masana'antar gine-ginen jiragen ruwa ya kawo canji da sauri da ci gaba. Ƙauyen ya ƙaura daga tushen aikin gona yayin da ginin jirgi ya zama masana'antar farko ta al'umma. A shekara ta 1837, ana kiran ƙauyen da Northport .<ref name="Newsday"/> Ƙididdigar 1860 ta lissafa yawan mutanen Northport a 1,016. A shekara ta 1874, ya zama ƙauyen da ya fi bunƙasa a Arewacin Long Island, tare da tashoshin jirgi guda uku, saiti biyar na jiragen ruwa, otal-otal guda biyu, da akalla manyan shagunan shida. Ci gaban gine-ginen jiragen ruwa na Northport ya dauki shekaru hamsin, amma ya ragu a ƙarshen karni yayin da jiragen ruwa masu ƙarfe suka fara maye gurbin jiragen katako da aka samar a ƙauyen.<ref name="Newsday"/> === Jirgin ƙasa da trolleys === [[Fayil:Northport_1909.jpg|left|thumb|250x250px|Main Street, wani lokaci tsakanin 1902 da 1909]] A ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 1868, Long Island Rail Road ta buɗe tashar a cikin ƙauyen Northport . <ref name="LIRR 1868">{{Cite web |date=June 2004 |title=PRR Chronology, 1868 |url=http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1868%20June%2004.wd.pdf |access-date=February 8, 2007 |publisher=The Pennsylvania Railroad Technical & Historical Society}}</ref> Wannan muhimmin hanyar sufuri ne ga ƙauyen, musamman ga yawan jama'a masu zuwa. Koyaya, bayan 'yan shekaru kawai LIRR ta yanke shawarar matsa tashar Northport zuwa sabon wuri a Larkfield don sauƙaƙe ƙarin faɗaɗa hanyar jirgin ƙasa zuwa Port Jefferson. An buɗe sabon tashar jirgin ƙasa da ke kan titin Larkfield a ranar 13 ga Janairu, 1873, kuma ya riƙe sunan tashar Northport.<ref name="LIRR 1873">{{Cite web |date=February 2005 |title=PRR Chronology, 1873 |url=http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1873%20Feb%2004.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701100308/http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1873%20Feb%2004.pdf |archive-date=July 1, 2014 |access-date=February 8, 2007 |publisher=The Pennsylvania Railroad Technical & Historical Society}}</ref> Don kauce wa rikicewa tare da tsohuwar tashar da ke ƙauyen Northport, masu gudanar da jirgin ƙasa za su tashar da take Larkfield a matsayin "Gabas ta Northport" saboda tashar tana gabashin tashar jirgin kasa ta Northport wacce ke jagorantar jiragen ƙasa zuwa arewa zuwa tashar da kele cikin ƙauyen. Duk da gaskiyar cewa Larkfield ya kasance da farko a kudancin Northport, yankin ya zama sananne daga baya da East Northport . <ref>{{Cite web |title=East Northport: East Was Added When The Trains Came |url=http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-historytown-hist0056,0,3509522.story |access-date=February 12, 2007 |website=Long Island, Our History |publisher=Newsday |archive-date=March 10, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310200821/http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-historytown-hist0056,0,3509522.story |url-status=dead}}</ref> Hanyar jirgin kasa ta asali zuwa Northport daga baya an san ta da reshen Northport . Bayan tsohuwar tashar ƙauyen ta rufe a shekara ta 1899, Northport ta yanke shawarar gina layin trolley mai nisan kilomita 4.5 don ɗaukar masu tafiya tsakanin Main Street da sabon tashar Northport da ke Larkfield. Sabuwar [[mota]] ta buɗe a tsakiyar watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1902. Ƙarin amfani da mota ya jagoranci trolley don yin tafiyarta ta ƙarshe a ranar 19 ga Agusta, 1924.<ref>{{Cite web |title=East Northport Town History |url=http://www.eastnorthport.com/townhistory.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205075857/http://www.eastnorthport.com/townhistory.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=February 5, 2007 |access-date=February 8, 2007 |publisher=East Northport Chamber of Commerce}}</ref> === Haɗuwa da haɗuwa === Kodayake an san shi da sunan Northport tun aƙalla 1837, ƙauyen Northport ba a kafa shi ba har zuwa 1894, <ref name="names"/> ya zama ƙauyen farko a garin Huntington don yin hakan. <ref name="Newsday"/> A cikin shekaru Northport ya fadada daga iyakokinta na asali, yana haɗa wasu al'ummomin da aka kafa. A kusa da Yaƙin Juyin Juya Halin, tarin iyalai 31 sun fara zama mil 1.5 (2.4 gabashin Northport, a kusa da inda Main Street da Route 25A yanzu suka haɗu da 40°53′58′′N 73°19′47′′W / 40.8995°N 73.3296°W / 40.9995; -73.3296. Wannan ƙauyen an san shi da Red Hook <ref name="Newsday"/> kuma ya canza sunaye zuwa Vernon Valley a cikin 1820. <ref name="names"/> A shekara ta 1874 Vernon Valley yana da yawan jama'a kusan 150. Vernon Valley ya zama wani ɓangare na Northport a tsakiyar karni na 20.<ref name="Suffolk" /> Northport kuma ta haɗa da tsohuwar mazaunin mai zaman kanta na Crab Meadow 40°55′15′′N 73°19′13′′W / 40.9207°N 73.3202°W / 40. 9207; -73.3207 (wanda aka fi sani da Great Neck ), da kuma sassan yammacin al'ummar Freshpond 40°55'umma 40°17′47′′W / 70.9224°N 73.265°W / 70.924; -73.2965. === Arewacin zamani === [[Fayil:Northport_Park.jpg|left|thumb|Gidan tunawa da Northport a gefen Northport Harbor]] A cikin shekarun 1920, bayan kusan ƙarni na amfani da kasuwanci mai nauyi, bakin teku wanda ya goyi bayan al'umma na tsararraki ya lalace. Garin ya yanke shawarar sayen ƙasar da ke gefen tashar jiragen ruwa kuma ya kirkiro Northport Memorial Park a 1932, wanda shine fasalin Northport a yau.<ref name="Newsday"/> A shekara ta 1967, Kamfanin Haske na Long Island (LILCO) ya buɗe tashar wutar lantarki ta Northport, a halin yanzu babbar tashar samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da man fetur a Gabashin Gabas. Manyan tarin guda huɗu sanannen alama ce da za a iya gani daga nesa kamar [[Connecticut]] a fadin Long Island Sound. Kowane tarin yana da tsayi {{Convert|600|ft}} .<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 24, 2006 |title=Gas- and Oil-Fired Plants in New York |url=http://www.industcards.com/st-other-usa-ny.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090718122828/http://www.industcards.com/st%2Dother%2Dusa%2Dny.htm |archive-date=July 18, 2009 |access-date=December 4, 2007 |publisher=Power Plants Around The World}}</ref> Northport Trolley, wanda ya daina aiki a 1924, ya ji daɗin farfadowa a cikin 1970s da 1980s, yana jigilar masu yawon bude ido na karshen mako tare da Main Street. Ba kamar trolleys na lantarki na asali ba, wannan kwatankwacin nostalgic an motsa shi da doki. Har ila yau, ya gudana a kan tayoyin mota na roba maimakon amfani da rails na asali wanda har yanzu ya kasance wani abu ne mai ganuwa na Main Street har zuwa yau. A watan Yulin 1984, Northport ya sami hankalin kafofin watsa labarai na kasa da kasa saboda kasancewa wurin kisan gillar Gary Lauwers mai shekaru 17 da abokinsa, wanda ya bar makarantar sakandare kuma ake zargi da bautar shaidan Ricky Kasso. Abubuwan da suka faru sun zama manyan labarai na kasa kuma tun daga lokacin an ba da labarin su a cikin littattafai da fina-finai, wanda ya sa ƙauyen ya sha wahala mara kyau ga shahararren shaidanci.<ref name="satan in the suburbs" /> Kowace Satumba, ƙauyen Northport yana tunawa da tarihinsa mai arziki tare da bikin Ranar Cow Harbor, wanda ke biyo bayan tseren shekara-shekara na Great Cow Harbor 10K. == Yanayin ƙasa == [[Fayil:Northport-ny-map.gif|left|thumb|Taswirar ƙididdigar Amurka ta Northport]] A cewar Ofishin Ƙididdigar Amurka, ƙauyen yana da jimlar yanki na murabba'in mil .5 (6.5 ), wanda murabba'i mil .3 (6.0 ) ƙasa ne kuma murabba'insa mil 0. (0.52 km2), ko 9.02%, ruwa ne.<ref name="GR1">{{Cite web |date=February 12, 2011 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |access-date=April 23, 2011 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><ref name="Census 2010">{{Cite web |title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Northport village, New York |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US3653396 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212190131/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US3653396 |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |access-date=December 20, 2012 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder}}</ref> Yawancin ƙauyen sun ƙunshi ƙananan tuddai masu tsawo na Harbour Hill Moraine. A yamma shine Northport Harbor mai kariya sosai, a arewa shine Long Island Sound, kuma a gabas akwai dazuzzuka da marshland. Babban fasalin Northport shine Steer's Pit (wanda aka sani kawai da "Rimi" ga mazauna gida[1]), babban ɓacin rai wanda aka zana shi a cikin tsaunin da ke kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Arewa da kuma kudu da fitattun wuraren hayaki na tashar wutar lantarki ta Arewaport.  Wannan yanayin da ba a saba gani ba shine sakamakon ayyukan hakar yashi na Kamfanin Steers da Steers.  An fara hakar ma'adinai a cikin 1923 kuma ya ƙare a cikin 1950s. An yi jigilar yashin da aka haƙa ta jirgin ruwa zuwa birnin New York, inda aka haɗe shi da siminti na Portland da tarin dutsen, ya zama titin New York.   [ana ruwa hujja] [ana bukatar] yankin tun daga lokacin ana amfani da shi don gida da kuma amfanin gida, kuma wani yanki na Pit wani wurin shakatawa ne da ’yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na gida da na wasan ƙwallon baseball ke amfani da su.  Ma'aikatar kashe gobara ta Arewaport tana kula da wurin horo a cikin rami wanda shine wurin baje kolin masu kashe gobara na shekara-shekara a lokacin rani. === Babban Yankin Northport === Northport ya ƙunshi ƙauyuka 2 da ƙauyuka 7 da ba a haɗa su ba: * Arewacin tashar jiragen ruwa * Gabashin Arewa * Asharoken * Cibiyar Wasanni * Bari mu ci wuyan hannu * Greenlawn * Kwarin Vernon * Wincoma * Fort Salonga == Yawan jama'a == {{US Census population|1870=1060|1880=1381|1900=1794|1910=2096|1920=1977|1930=2523|1940=3093|1950=3859|1960=5972|1970=7494|1980=7651|1990=7572|2000=7606|2010=7401|2020=7347}} Ya zuwa Ƙididdigar Amurka ta 2020, ƙauyen yana da mutane 7,347, gidaje 2,906, da iyalai 1,926 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 1, 2020 |title=U.S. 2020 QuickFacts Northport village, New York |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/northportvillagenewyork/PST045221 |access-date=August 22, 2022 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> Ya zuwa , akwai mutane 7,401, gidaje 2,955, da iyalai 2,074 da ke zaune a ƙauyen.<ref name="GR2">{{Cite web |title=U.S. Census website |url=https://www.census.gov |access-date=January 31, 2008 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> Yawan jama'a ya kasance mazauna 3,290.0 a kowace murabba'in mil (1,270.3/km2). Akwai gidaje 3,052 a matsakaicin matsakaicin 1,320.0 a kowace murabba'in mil (509.7/km2). Tsarin launin fata na ƙauyen ya kasance 92.04% fari, 2.59% Ba'amurke Ba'amurkiya, 0.05% 'Yan asalin Amurka, 1.25% Asiya, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.30% daga wasu kabilu, da 0.75% daga kabilu biyu ko fiye. Hispanic ko Latino na kowane kabila sun kasance 5.09% na yawan jama'a. Akwai gidaje 2,955, daga cikinsu kashi 33.2% suna da yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 18 da ke zaune tare da su, kashi 59.8% [[Aure|ma'aurata]] ne da ke zaune mmogo, kashi 8.5% suna da mace mai gida ba tare da miji ba, kuma kashi 29.9% ba iyalai ba ne. Kashi 25.9% na dukkan gidaje sun kunshi mutane, kuma kashi 8.0% suna da wani da ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ke da shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman iyali ya kasance 2.55 kuma matsakaicin girman iyalin ya kasance 3.07. A cikin ƙauyen, yawan jama'a ya bazu, tare da kashi 23.8% a ƙarƙashin shekaru 18, 5.8% daga 18 zuwa 24, 30.1% daga 25 zuwa 44, 28.8% daga 45 zuwa 64, da kuma 12.1% waɗanda suka kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 40. Ga kowane mata 100, akwai maza 94.6. Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 da sama, akwai maza 91.6. Matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na iyali a ƙauyen ya kai $ 90,250, kuma matsakaicin kuɗin haya na iyali ya kai $ 104,488. Maza suna da matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na $ 78,715 tare da $ 50,119 ga mata. Kudin shiga na kowane mutum a ƙauyen ya kai $ 43,694. Kimanin kashi 1.6% na iyalai da kashi 2.8% na yawan jama'a sun kasance a ƙasa da layin talauci, gami da kashi 3.7% na waɗanda ba su kai shekara 18 ba da kuma kashi 2.8% daga waɗanda ke da shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. == Gwamnati == Garin Northport ƙauye ne da aka kafa wanda Kwamitin Amintattun ke jagoranta, wanda ya kunshi zababben Magajin gari, Mataimakin Magajin gari، da Masu Amintattun Garin uku.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elected Officials – The Official Website for the Village of Northport |url=https://northportny.gov/person-category/elected-officials/ |access-date=March 18, 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ma'aikatar kashe gobara ta Northport da kuma sashen 'yan sanda na kanta suna kula da ƙauyen. Ma'aikatar 'yan sanda ta ƙauyen Northport, wacce aka kafa a 1929, tana daukar ma'aikata 17 na cikakken lokaci kuma tana gudanar da duk aikin sintiri da kamawa da mafi yawan bincike da horo a cikin gida (Ma'aikatun' yan sanda na Suffolk County tana taimakawa a cikin shari'o'i na musamman). Har ila yau, sashen 'yan sanda yana da ƙungiyar ruwa wacce ke sintiri a hanyoyin ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} Northport Police Department |url=https://www.northportvillagepolice.com/ |access-date=March 18, 2020 |website=website |language=en}}</ref> == Ilimi == Gundumar Makarantar Free School ta Northport-East Northport Union ce ke ba da sabis ga ƙauyen.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=Long Island Zoning Atlas |url=http://www.longislandindexmaps.org/ |website=Long Island Index Maps |publisher=Long Island Index |access-date=2025-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416201359/http://www.longislandindexmaps.org/ |archive-date=2021-04-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":452">{{Cite web |title=Composite School District Boundaries Shapefiles |url=https://nces.ed.gov/programs/edge/Geographic/DistrictBoundaries |access-date=October 23, 2020 |publisher=NCES}}</ref> Saboda haka, yara da ke zaune a cikin ƙauyen kuma suna halartar makarantun gwamnati suna zuwa makarantun Northport-East Northport.<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":452" /> == Fasaha da al'adu == [[Fayil:Northport_Dock.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Northport Village Dock a Northport Harbor]] Bikin Ranar Harbor Cow na shekara-shekara na Northport yana murnar tarihin ƙauyen, wanda a baya aka sani da Great Cow Harbor.  Ana gudanar da shi kowace shekara a ranar Lahadi na cikakken karshen mako na uku a cikin Satumba, kuma tun daga 1977 bayan Babban Harbour 10K da aka gudanar ranar da ta gabata.  [an buƙata] Ranar Harbour Cow tana jawo dubban baƙi zuwa Northport kowace Satumba.  Abubuwan da suka faru suna farawa tare da faretin saukar da Babban Titin, wanda ke nuna tafiye-tafiye, ƙungiyar tafiya ta makarantar sakandare ta Northport, motocin gargajiya da tashin trolley na ɗan lokaci wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a wannan hanyar a farkon shekarun 1900.  Tufafin da ke da alaƙa da naman alade da na iyo kuma jigo ne na gama gari.[]  Ana gudanar da bukukuwa a Park Memorial Park a gefen tashar.[]  kiɗan kai tsaye, tseren jirgin ruwa, da sauran abubuwan jan hankali.  A cikin shekaru goma sha uku da suka gabata, Rundunar Tsaron Tekun Amurka da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na Ft.  Salonga, NY Flotilla.  Kowace shekara ana yin bayyanar ta Regimental Band na Kwalejin Kasuwancin Marine Marine na Amurka a Kings Point. Regimental Band of the == Shahararrun mutane == === Masu zane-zane === * Jules Olitski mai zane, mai zane === Ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo === * John Dias, Mai ba da rahoto, CBS New York * Robert Burke, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo (Law & Order) * Edie Falco, Broadway, fim, da kuma 'yar wasan talabijin da aka fi sani da rawar da ta taka a matsayin Carmela Soprano a cikin ''Sopranos'' * Alison Fanelli, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo wacce aka fi sani da rawar da ta taka a jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin The Adventures of Pete & Pete <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alison Fanelli |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0266725/ |access-date=January 21, 2010 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> * Elizabeth Hendrickson, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta talabijin da aka fi sani da rawar da ta taka a matsayin tagwayen Frankie da Maggie Stone a kan All My Children <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elizabeth Hendrickson |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1058513/ |access-date=January 21, 2010 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> * Patti LuPone, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Broadway da talabijin da ta lashe Kyautar Tony, wacce aka fi sani da rawar da ta taka a matsayin [[Eva Perón|Eva Peron]] a Evita <ref>{{Cite web |title=Patti Lupone |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0526985/ |access-date=January 21, 2010 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> * Chris Messina ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin, wanda aka fi sani da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Ted Fairwell a cikin Six Feet Under <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rozie Bacchi Publicity Stills & Production Photos |url=http://roziebacchi.tripod.com/rozie_photos_prod.html |access-date=November 12, 2007 |publisher=Rozie Bacchi |archive-date=July 17, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717103442/http://roziebacchi.tripod.com/rozie_photos_prod.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography for Joe Roseto |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0742886/bio |access-date=November 12, 2007 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Chris Messina |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0582149/ |access-date=November 12, 2007 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> * Dan Milano, marubucin talabijin kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo na murya wanda aka fi sani da mahaliccin wasan kwaikwayon ''Greg the Bunny'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dan Milano |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0586850/ |access-date=January 21, 2010 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |year=1990 |title=Open Seas 1990 (Northport High School Yearbook) |publisher=Walsworth Publishing Company |volume=11 |page=169}}</ref> * Gretchen Rau, mai shirya fim din da ya lashe Kyautar Kwalejin * John Scurti, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin wanda aka fi sani da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Kenny Shea a Rescue Me <ref>{{Cite web |title=John Scurti |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0780336/ |access-date=January 21, 2010 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> * Craig Ricci Shaynak, Mai wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin <ref>{{Cite web |title=Craig Ricci Shaynak |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1575801/ |access-date=January 21, 2010 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> * Marcia Marcia Martia, Drag Queen da aka fi sani da RuPaul's Drag Race (lokaci 15) RuPaul's Drag Race (lokaci na 15) * Jordan Firstman, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo wanda aka fi sani da rawar da ya taka a cikin Malami na Turanci (jerin talabijin) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nordstrom |first=Leigh |date=2020-07-16 |title=Jordan Firstman Turns Lockdown Into Lemonade |url=https://wwd.com/eye/people/jordan-firstman-instagram-impressions-tv-writing-1203679107/ |access-date=2025-03-14 |website=WWD |language=en-US}}</ref> ==== Masu kiɗa ==== * Wendy Andreiev (Wendy Wild), jagorar mawaƙa a cikin shekarun 1980s don ƙungiyoyi da yawa na New York * Ian Matthias Bavitz (Aesop Rock), hip-hop, mai zane-zane * Brendan B. Brown, jagorar mawaƙa na ƙungiyar WheatusKarnuka * Peter Calandra, Broadway, fim, da kuma dan wasan piano / mawaki na talabijin <ref>{{Cite web |title=Peter Calandra / Composer |url=http://www.pecamusic.com/bio/bio.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070820072101/http://www.pecamusic.com/bio/bio.htm |archive-date=August 20, 2007 |access-date=November 11, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Peter Calandra |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0129321/ |access-date=November 11, 2007 |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> * Frank Funaro, mai bugawa na CrackerMai fashewa * Steve Nardelli mawaƙi kuma marubucin waƙa tare da The Syn * Bassam Saba, mawaƙi kuma wanda ya kafa ƙungiyar New York Arabic Orchestra * Wheatus, ƙungiyar * Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, ya rubuta Le Petit Prince (The Little Prince) a lokacin rani na 1942 a cikin The Bevin Mansion a Asharoken . * Edwin G. Burrows, ya lashe kyautar Pulitzer ta 1999 don Tarihi don littafin Gotham: Tarihin Birnin New York zuwa 1898 [2]''Gotham: Tarihin Birnin New York zuwa 1898'' * Greg Fox, mai zane-zane / marubuci mai ban dariya a cikin ƙasa (''Kyle's Bed &amp;amp; Breakfast'' ya faru a Northport) * Jack Kerouac, marubuci Beat kuma marubuci wanda aka fi sani da shi a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa ga motsi na al'adu na shekarun 1960 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Asher |first=Levi |date=September 19, 2001 |title=Jack Kerouac |url=http://www.litkicks.com/BeatPages/page.jsp?what=JackKerouac |access-date=November 2, 2007 |website=Literary Kicks}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qo29e9wsunpsc1cpmjdoubk5bu3kcef 0 112325 961644 886276 2026-10-02T02:20:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Elizabeth Farians''' (10 Afrilu 1923 - 21 Oktoban shekarar 2013) ƙwararriyar nazarin addinin Amurka ce kuma ƴan mata. Ta kasance memba na farko na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Ƙasa kuma ana ɗaukarta <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Document 10: Elizabeth Farians, "NOW Papers on Women and Religion," 1971-72 {{!}} Alexander Street Documents |url=https://documents.alexanderstreet.com/d/1000683017 |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=documents.alexanderstreet.com}}</ref> 'yar Katolika ta farko da ta shirya zanga-zangar jama'a kuma ta shafe shekaru fiye da arba'in tana jagorantar yakin jama'a na nuna wariya a cikin addini. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Cincy Chic |date=2008-07-28 |title=Chic Spotlight: National Organization for Women's Elizabeth Farians » Cincy Chic |url=https://www.cincychic.com/social/072808spotlight |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=Cincy Chic |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816190839/https://www.cincychic.com/social/072808spotlight |url-status=dead }}</ref> Farians ya kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin dabbobi da cin ganyayyaki. <ref name="LGBTQ">{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Farians, Elizabeth Papers |url=https://lgbtqreligiousarchives.org/collections/farians-elizabeth-papers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307224414/https://lgbtqreligiousarchives.org/collections/farians-elizabeth-papers |archive-date=March 7, 2024 |website=LGBTQ Religious Archives Network |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Patricia |date=2014 |title=Elizabeth Farians: Catholic Feminist Pioneer |url=https://www.fsrinc.org/elizabeth-farians |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307223812/https://www.fsrinc.org/elizabeth-farians/ |archive-date=March 7, 2024 |website=Feminist Studies in Religion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Elizabeth Farians, wacce aka fi sani da Betty, tana koyarwa a makarantun K-12 da kuma a matakin jami'a. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Elizabeth FARIANS Obituary (2013) The Cincinnati Enquirer |url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/cincinnati/name/elizabeth-farians-obituary?id=22253317 |access-date=2022-09-06 |website=Legacy.com}}</ref> A cikin 1940s, ta kasance malama ilimin motsa jiki a Makarantar Sakandare ta Lady of Angels a cikin garin St. Bernard, [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]]. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Collection: Papers of Elizabeth Farians, 1880-2013 (inclusive), 1942-2013 (bulk) {{!}} HOLLIS for |url=https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/7008 |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724032036/https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/7008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kuma koyar da PE a Terre Haute, [[Indiana]] da Jami'ar Loyola a Chicago. <ref name=":3" /> A cikin 1970, yayin da take aiki a Jami'ar Loyola, ta ba da shaida a gaban Majalisa don nuna goyon baya ga [[Kwaskwarimar Daidaita Hakki|Kwaskwarima Daidaita Hakkokin]] . Farians har yanzu tana koyarwa a ƙarshen 2008 lokacin da ta koyar da wani kwas akan tiyoloji da dabbobi a Jami'ar Xavier . <ref name=":6"/> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farians |first=Elizabeth |date=2006-03-01 |title=THEO 387 Theology and Animals |url=https://www.exhibit.xavier.edu/theology_syllabi/1970 |journal=Theology Syllabi}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == YANZU Task Force akan Mata da Addini == Farians sun kirkiro da Ecumenical Task Force on Women and Religion a shekarar 1966. A cewar 'yar jarida Patricia Miller, "...Farians sun gamsu da [ Friedan cewa addini shi ne "tushen" zalunci mata kuma ya kamata a hada da shi a matsayin babban batu ga mafi yawan mutane na 'yancin mata. matsayi na coci ya makale a cikin "mace-jima'i-zunubi ciwo A watan Yuni shekarar 1966, Farians ta zama mace ta farko da ta halarci taron shekara-shekara na Ƙungiyar Tauhidin Katolika ta Amurka. Sa’ad da ta yi ƙoƙari ta halarci liyafar cin abinci a wannan taron, ɗaya daga cikin firistoci ya yi alkawarin fitar da ita daga taron. <ref name=":72" /> Kafin ƙirƙirar [[National Organization for Women|Ƙungiyar Mata ta Ƙasa]] (NOW), Farin ya kasance memba na [[St. Joan's International Alliance]], ƙungiyar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na Katolika da suka goyi bayan [[Kwaskwarimar Daidaita Hakki|Daidaita Hakkokin]] . <ref name=":32">{{Cite web |title=Collection: Papers of Elizabeth Farians, 1880-2013 (inclusive), 1942-2013 (bulk) {{!}} HOLLIS for |url=https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/7008 |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724032036/https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/7008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Farians na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa NOW lokacin da aka ƙirƙira shi a cikin 1966. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Document 10: Elizabeth Farians, "NOW Papers on Women and Religion," 1971-72 {{!}} Alexander Street Documents |url=https://documents.alexanderstreet.com/d/1000683017 |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=documents.alexanderstreet.com}}</ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=2014-02-09 |title=Honoring Our Founders and Pioneers {{!}} National Organization for Women |url=https://now.org/about/history/honoring-our-founders-pioneers/ |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=now.org |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 1960s, Farians ya kasance shugaban Ƙungiyar Task Force na NOW's Ecumenical Task Force ɗaya daga cikin manyan runduna bakwai na asali. <ref name=":42">{{Cite web |last=Dylan |date=2014-09-12 |title=Excerpt from Patricia Miller's Good Catholics |url=https://www.catholicsforchoice.org/resource-library/excerpt-from-patricia-millers-good-catholics/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=Catholics for Choice |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Faith of Feminists: Religion in the National Organization for Women - Boisi Center for Religion and American Public Life - Boston College |url=https://www.bc.edu/content/bc-web/centers/boisi-center/events/archive/spring-2006/faith-of-feminists.html |access-date=2022-09-06 |website=www.bc.edu}}</ref> Farians sun yi iƙirarin cewa mata sun fusata da rashin daidaito a cikin coci kuma nan ba da jimawa ba za su yi tsayin daka sosai. A cikin 1970 an ambace ta a cikin [[New York Times|The New York Times]] cewa, "Wata rana wani fasto zai gaya wa mace cewa ba za ta iya karanta wasiƙar ba kuma za ta buga masa guda ɗaya. Ba mu ƙarfafa shi ba amma zai faru. Matan sun fusata." == Rundunar Ecumenical Task Force akan Mata da Addini == Farians was the head of the National Organization for Women's [[Ƙungiyar Ayyuka ta Ikklisiya kan Mata da Addini|Ecumenical Task Force on Women and Religion]] from 1966 to 1972, a group she founded.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Collection: Papers of NOW officer Elizabeth Farians, 1965-1973 {{!}} HOLLIS for |url=https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/5059 |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724005507/https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/5059 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Part of her work with this organization was to gather support for the [[Kwaskwarimar Daidaita Hakki|Equal Rights Amendment]] among faith based feminists.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2014-02-09 |title=Honoring Our Founders and Pioneers {{!}} National Organization for Women |url=https://now.org/about/history/honoring-our-founders-pioneers/ |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=now.org |language=en-US}}</ref> She did this in part through her creation of the group [[Catholics for the ERA]]. As historian Patricia Miller has noted, by 1970, Farians "was the national voice for Catholic feminism."<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Dylan |date=2014-09-12 |title=Excerpt from Patricia Miller's Good Catholics |url=https://www.catholicsforchoice.org/resource-library/excerpt-from-patricia-millers-good-catholics/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=Catholics for Choice |language=en-US}}</ref> Farians was personally devout and was quoted in 1974 as saying, "We will reflect the image of God in individualized variation. The Coming of Woman will be the final humanization of the species. Man and woman will relate to each other truly for the first time..." == Katolika don Zaɓin Kyauta == Farin ya kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin haihuwa. Ta yi aiki a kwamitin ƙungiyar Katolika na mata Katolika don Zaɓin Kyauta a farkon 1970s. <ref name=":2"/> An ruwaito a cikin New York Daily News cewa an kori ta daga koyarwa a Jami'ar Loyola da ke Chicago a cikin 1972 saboda ta fito fili don tallafawa 'yancin zubar da ciki. [[Fayil:Peope_of_Faith_for_ERA_Button.jpg|thumb|Maɓallin da mutane masu imani ke sawa waɗanda suka goyi bayan [[Kwaskwarimar Daidaita Hakki|Gyaran Haƙƙin Daidaita]]]] == Shaidar Majalisa don Daidaita Haƙƙin Daidaita == A cikin watan Mayu shekarar 1970, Farins sun ba da shaida a gaban Majalisa a madadin [[Kwaskwarimar Daidaita Hakki|Kwaskwarima Daidaita Hakkokin]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 5, 1970 |title=HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITIEE ON CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS OF TIHE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY UNITED STATES SENATE |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/12540/_Chisholm_EqualRightsAmendment.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y}}</ref> [[Alice Paul]] ya ƙarfafa ta ta ba da shaida don magance labari daga bishops Katolika cewa ERA bai dace da Katolika ba. <ref name=":52">{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Cincy Chic |date=2008-07-28 |title=Chic Spotlight: National Organization for Women's Elizabeth Farians » Cincy Chic |url=https://www.cincychic.com/social/072808spotlight |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=Cincy Chic |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816190839/https://www.cincychic.com/social/072808spotlight |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wani mai bin addinin mata wanda ya ba da shaida a gaban Majalisa a madadin ERA a cikin 1970s shine [[Joan M. Martin|Reverend Joan Martin.]] == St. Joan's Alliance == A cikin shekarar 1965, Farians sun shiga cikin [[St. Joan's International Alliance|ƙungiyar St. Joan's Alliance]] babin Amurka, ƙungiyar matan Katolika. Ta yi aiki tare da sanannen mata na Katolika [[Frances McGillicuddy]] don kawo wannan ƙungiyar daga Burtaniya zuwa Amurka. <ref name=":43">{{Cite web |last=Dylan |date=2014-09-12 |title=Excerpt from Patricia Miller's Good Catholics |url=https://www.catholicsforchoice.org/resource-library/excerpt-from-patricia-millers-good-catholics/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=Catholics for Choice |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Mary Daly]] kuma memba ce ta St. Joan's Alliance kuma mai yawan aiki tare da Farians. <ref name=":43" /> == Shari'ar Jami'ar Loyola == An dauki Elizabeth Farians a matsayin farfesa na tauhidi ta Jami'ar Loyola a 1968. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Collection: Papers of Elizabeth Farians, 1880-2013 (inclusive), 1942-2013 (bulk) {{!}} HOLLIS for |url=https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/7008 |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724032036/https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/7008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ba a sabunta kwangilarta ba a lokacin rani na 1970, a wannan shekarar da ta ba da shaida a gaban Majalisa don ERA, kuma a sakamakon haka ta shigar da kara da'awar nuna bambanci dangane da jima'i. Jaridu irin su New York Daily News sun yi hasashen an dakatar da ita saboda matsayinta na zubar da ciki. == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Farians ga Hilda da Charles Farians a Cincinnati, Ohio a cikin shekarar 1923. <ref name=":2"/> Ta sami Ph.D. a 1958. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elizabeth Farians - Social Networks and Archival Context |url=https://snaccooperative.org/view/45966718 |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=snaccooperative.org}}</ref> Ta kasance fitacciyar mai fafutukar kare hakkin dabbobi. <ref name="LGBTQ"/> <ref name=":1"/> Ta zama [[Veganism|mai cin ganyayyaki]] a cikin 1980. <ref name="LGBTQ2">{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Farians, Elizabeth Papers |url=https://lgbtqreligiousarchives.org/collections/farians-elizabeth-papers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307224414/https://lgbtqreligiousarchives.org/collections/farians-elizabeth-papers |archive-date=March 7, 2024 |website=LGBTQ Religious Archives Network |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ta kasance mai cin ganyayyaki fiye da shekaru talatin kuma tana aiki tare da ƙungiyar kare hakkin dabba da aka sani da Animal Rights Community. <ref name=":62">{{Cite web |title=Elizabeth FARIANS Obituary (2013) The Cincinnati Enquirer |url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/cincinnati/name/elizabeth-farians-obituary?id=22253317 |access-date=2022-09-06 |website=Legacy.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=My Pilgrimage: Dance Lightly With the Living Earth |url=https://www.all-creatures.org/articles/act-farians-pilgrimage.html |access-date=2022-11-25 |website=www.all-creatures.org}}</ref> Har ila yau, ta kafa ƙungiyar Feminists for Animal Rights. <ref name="LGBTQ2" /> Ta mutu a cikin shekarar 2013 kuma an yi jana'izarta a Cincinnati, Ohio. <ref name=":62" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Collection: Papers of Elizabeth Farians, 1880-2013 (inclusive), 1942-2013 (bulk) {{!}} HOLLIS for |url=https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/7008 |access-date=2022-08-24 |website=hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724032036/https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/7008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2013]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1923]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 44iglx4nvrmgxp5pm4tqn3palyrqe03 0 123686 961779 749251 2026-10-02T07:12:43Z BnHamid 12586 961779 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} '''Margery Jourdemayne''', "Maƙaryaci na Next Eye Westminster" (kafin 1415 - 27 ga Oktoba 1441) mace ce ta Ingila wacce aka zarge ta da "gaskiya da maita". Wataƙila kotun coci ce ta yanke mata hukunci; babu wani rikodin da ya tsira da ke tabbatar da zargin. Edward Coke daga baya ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya ga takardar cewa an ƙone ta De heretico comburendo . An ƙone ta a kan gungume a Kasuwar Smithfield a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 1441. == Rayuwa == Margery ta auri William Jourdemayne . Kodayake babu wani abu da aka sani game da iyalinta, dangin mijinta na Jourdemayne sun kasance masu kyau kuma masu wadata na Middlesex daga akalla ƙarshen karni na sha huɗu. Ma'anar sunan mahaifiyar mai yiwuwa ya fito ne daga Tsohon Faransanci don ma'aikacin rana. === Ayyuka === Tun daga farkon shekarun 1430, Margery da alama ta ci gaba da kasancewa tare da wasu malamai da malamai masu daraja da kuma ma'aikatan kotu, wanda ba a saba gani ba ga matar makiyayi. [[Eleanor Cobham]] ta yarda a shari'arta cewa ta yi amfani da ayyukan Margery na dogon lokaci. Da alama wannan dangantaka ce ta akalla shekaru goma. Eleanor ta kuma bayyana cewa ta nemi taimakon Margery don yin ciki daga mijinta, Humphrey, Duke na Gloucester. Wataƙila ita da sauran matan Kotun sun san sana'ar Margery.<blockquote>A cikin 1432 'yan uwanta fursunoni a Windsor Castle sun haɗa da friars da malamai, ɗaya daga cikinsu, Ashwell, ya ƙware a ilimin taurari kuma zai yi nasarar yin hasashen hasken rana a watan Yunin 1433 .<ref name="freeman">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman |first=Jessica |date=2004 |title=Sorcery at Court and Manor: Margery Jourdemayne, the Witch of Eye next Westminster |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmedhist.2004.08.001 |journal=Journal of Medieval History |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=343–357 |doi=10.1016/j.jmedhist.2004.08.001 |s2cid=159620516 |url-access=subscription}}</ref></blockquote>[[Roger Bolingbroke]] shine mafi sanannun waɗannan malaman, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin 'mutumin farin ciki da kwarin gwiwa a cikin astronomye' kuma 'sananne a duk duniya' .<blockquote>Southwell, wanda mai yiwuwa likitan Eleanor ne, sanannen likita ne na likita, a gida a kotun sarauta da kuma Birnin London. Shi, tare da Gilbert Kymer, likitan Duke Humphry, da John Somerset, suna daga cikin wadanda suka nemi magajin gari da birnin London don kafa kwalejin likitoci da likitoci a cikin 1423. A shekara mai zuwa, Kymer ya kasance Jagora na kwalejin, kuma Somerset da Southwell su ne masu binciken ko masu kula da shi guda biyu.</blockquote>Akwai wasu shaidu na wasu sanannun da ke amfani da ƙwarewar Margery, kamar Edmund Beaufort, Duke na 2 na Somerset, wanda aka ce ya tuntubi Margery Jourdemayne, sanannen maƙaryaci na Eye, game da halinsa da makomarsa a lokacin rikice-rikicen da ke gabatowa. Ta gaya masa cewa za a ci shi kuma a kashe shi a wani gidan sarauta: amma muddin ya shirya sojojinsa kuma ya yi yaƙi a fili, zai kasance mai nasara kuma ya sami lafiya daga lahani.[1] === Shari'ar 1432 === A lokacin shari'ar 1441 an bayyana cewa an tsare Margery na wasu watanni a Windsor Castle shekaru goma da suka gabata saboda wani laifi da ba a bayyana ba game da maita. A cikin 1430, an kama maƙaryaci bakwai a Landan kuma an zarge su da shirya mutuwar saurayi Sarki Henry sannan aka ɗaure su a cikin Fleet; yana yiwuwa Margery na ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan bakwai.<blockquote>A kowane hali, a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba na wannan shekarar an biya daya daga cikin serjeants-at-arms na sarki don raka 'wani mace' daga birnin London zuwa Windsor, kuma bayan kwana shida an biya wani serjeant don ɗaukar friar John Ashwell a wannan tafiya. Wani rubutu na gaba ya ba da umarnin biyan kuɗi ga mataimakin Windsor Castle, John Wintershull, don kuɗin da ya kashe don kiyaye Friar John da Margery Jourdemayne, da masu ɗaurin kurkuku guda biyu, daga 18 ga Nuwamba 1430 zuwa 9 ga Mayu 1432. Wani rubutu na Yuli 1432 ya ba da izinin biyan Wintershull don kuɗin da ya kashe. don kiyaye Margery da Ashwell.<ref name="freeman">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman |first=Jessica |date=2004 |title=Sorcery at Court and Manor: Margery Jourdemayne, the Witch of Eye next Westminster |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmedhist.2004.08.001 |journal=Journal of Medieval History |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=343–357 |doi=10.1016/j.jmedhist.2004.08.001 |s2cid=159620516 |url-access=subscription}}</ref></blockquote>A ranar 9 ga Mayu 1432, an bincika Margery, tare da Friar John Ashwell da John Virley (ma'aikaci), a kan zargin maita. An sallami Ashwell da Virley bisa ga amincewarsu, amma an saki Margery a kan yanayin halin kirki na gaba kuma ta guji ci gaba da maita. === Shari'ar 1441 === Shari'ar da ta haifar da kisan Margery Jourdemayne an rubuta ta sosai kuma an tattauna ta tun daga karni na goma sha biyar. Eleanor Cobham, Duchess na Gloucester, matar Humphrey na Lancaster, Duke na farko na Glouvester, an tuhume ta da cin amana, tare da wadanda ake zargi da su hudu: Roger Bolingbroke, John Hume (ko Home), Thomas Southwell da Margery an zarge su da amfani da maita don kawo mutuwar Henry VI. [1] (Mijayin Cobham ya kasance na gaba a cikin layin kursiyin.) Uku daga cikin wadanda ake tuhuma sun kasance malamai da malamai na kotun Duke. Na huɗu shi ne Margery Jourdemayne, wata mace mai ƙarancin haihuwa, wanda ake zargi da "gaskiya da maita" bisa ga tarihin. A wani lokaci tsakanin Yuli da Satumba 1441, mutanen sarki sun kama Margery kuma suka kai shi Hasumiyar Landan. [[Fayil:The_Conjuration.jpg|thumb|Maƙaryaci]] An san Margery shekaru da yawa a matsayin wanda zai iya samar da sihiri da magunguna masu amfani wajen inganta soyayya da kawo ciki ko kawo karshen daya.<blockquote><poem> There was a Beldame [old woman] called the wytch of Ey, Old mother Madge her neyghbours did hir name Which wrought wonders in countryes by heresaye Both feendes [fiends] and fayries her charmyng would obay And dead corpsis from grave she could uprere Suche an inchauntresse, as that tyme had no peere.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Mirror for Magistrates |editor-first=Lily B. |editor-last=Campbell |page=435 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=1938 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.60198/page/n461/mode/2up}}</ref></poem></blockquote>Wataƙila kotun coci ce ta yanke mata hukunci; babu wani rikodin da ya tsira da ke tabbatar da zargin. Edward Coke daga baya ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya ga takardar cewa an ƙone ta De heretico comburendo . An ƙone ta a kan gungume a Kasuwar Smithfield a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 1441 . [1]''.'' == A cikin wallafe-wallafen == Margery ta bayyana a cikin [[William Shakespeare]]'s Henry VI, Sashe na 2, a matsayin Margery Jourdayn, tare da wanda ake tuhuma. Har ila yau, wani hali ne a cikin littafin Philippa Gregory na 2011 game da Jacquetta na Luxembourg, The Lady of the Rivers . == A cikin al'adun gargajiya == Deborah Hyde, babban edita ga mujallar Burtaniya The Skeptic shafukan yanar gizo da laccoci game da imani da allahntaka da sauran abubuwan da suka shafi camfi a ƙarƙashin sunan ''"Jourdemayne"''.<ref>English Chronicle 57; 'Wilhelmi Wyrcester Annales' 763</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] tt4c4v791xrm6fngni50icvahne2qu2 0 127767 961534 874754 2026-10-01T19:17:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dharmendra''' (8 Disamba 1935 - 24 Nuwamba 2025) ɗan wasan Indiya ne, furodusa kuma ɗan siyasa, wanda aka fi sani da aikinsa a cikin fina-finan Hindi. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƴan wasan kwaikwayo da suka yi nasara a harkar kasuwanci a tarihin sinimar Indiya.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cg66lv566kyo</ref>A cikin sana'ar da ya shafe shekaru 65, ya yi aiki a cikin fina-finai sama da 300, yana rike da tarihin yin tauraro a mafi yawan fina-finan da suka yi fice a fina-finan Hindi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/when-dharmendra-was-compared-to-a-hollywood-star-who-he-didn-t-recognise-uski-picture-hi-nahi-dekhi-thi-101642923670930.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2025-05-02 |archive-date=2023-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710144304/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/when-dharmendra-was-compared-to-a-hollywood-star-who-he-didn-t-recognise-uski-picture-hi-nahi-dekhi-thi-101642923670930.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> An haife shi a Nasrali a Punjab, Dharmendra ya fara fitowa a shekarar 1960 tare da Dil Bhi Tera Hum Bhi Tere.<ref>Joshi, Sumit. Bollywood Through Ages. Best Book Reads. ISBN 9781311676696.</ref> Ya fara samun shahara a tsakiyar shekarun 1960, don fina-finai irin su Ayee Milan Ki Bela, Phool Aur Patthar da Aaye Din Bahar Ke. Ya sami babban tauraro a shekarun baya, ana masa lakabi da "He-Man" na Indiya saboda rawar da ya taka a kan fina-finan Hindi.<ref>https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/indepth-stories/dharmendra-bollywoods-dreamboat</ref>Ya ci gaba da yin tauraro a cikin fina-finan Hindi masu nasara da yawa tun daga ƙarshen 1960s zuwa 1980, kamar su Ankhen, Shikar, Aya Sawan Jhoom Ke, Jeevan Mrityu, Mera Gaon Mera Desh, Seeta Aur Geeta, Jugnu, Yaadon Ki Baaraat, Dost, Sholay, Pratiggya, Charas, Chachahulam, G Dharag Hiijamat, G Dharag Hiija Aag, Elaan-E-Jung dan Tahalka. <ref>https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=6104</ref>Wasu daga cikin rawar da ya taka sun hada da Bandini, Haqeeqat, Anupama, Mamta, Devar, Satyakam, Naya Zamana, Samadhi, Black Mail, Resham Ki Dori, Chupke Chupke, Dillagi, Train Burning, Ghazab da Hathyar.<ref>https://boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=6251</ref> Tun daga ƙarshen 1990s, ya fito a cikin rawar hali a cikin fina-finai masu nasara da yawa da suka yi nasara, kamar Life in a ... Metro, Apne, Johnny Gaddaar, Yamla Pagla Deewana, Rocky Aur Rani Kii Prem Kahaani da Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya.<ref>https://www.rediff.com/entertai/2002/jun/24dinesh.htm</ref> A shekarar 1997, ya samu lambar yabo ta Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award saboda gudunmawar da ya bayar a Bollywood. Ya kasance memba na Lok Sabha na 15 na Indiya, mai wakiltar mazabar Bikaner a Rajasthan daga Jam'iyyar Bharatiya Janata (BJP).<ref>https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/dharmendra-turns-88-from-anupama-to-sholay-10-films-that-define-his-timeless-legacy/phool-aur-patthar-1966-action-hero-emerges/slideshow/105832972.cms</ref>. Uban gidan Deol, rayuwar Dharmendra ta sirri ta sami kulawa sosai, musamman aurensa da Prakash Kaur da 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Hema Malini.<ref>https://boxofficeindia.com/actor.php?actorid=1</ref> Don gudummawar da ya bayar ga zane-zane, Gwamnatin Indiya ta karrama shi da Padma Bhushan a cikin 2012. ==Rayuwar farko da ilimi== An haifi Dharmendra a Nasrali, wani ƙauye a gundumar Ludhiana, Punjab, Indiya ta Burtaniya, a ranar 8 ga Disamba 1935.<ref>https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/dharmendra-unplugged/story-MlrFAqdNcseLJAw8TvGWLM.html</ref>. Shi ɗa ne na Kewal Krishan [1] da Satwant Kaur, <ref>https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/entertainment/dharmendra-talks-about-his-mother-satwant-kaur-she-wanted-me-to-learn-how-to-manage-money-28517</ref> kuma an haife shi a cikin dangin Punjabi Hindu Jat.<ref>https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/dharmendra-pained-to-see-punjabi-girls-hitting-the-bottle/articleshow/25572225.cms</ref>Ƙauyen kakansa shine Dangon a gundumar Ludhiana.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/i-am-a-farmers-son-dharmendra/article7361469.ece |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2026-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103093244/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/i-am-a-farmers-son-dharmendra/article7361469.ece |archive-date=2019-11-03 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Cikakken sunansa lokacin haihuwa an yi sabani tsakanin Dharmendra Kewal Krishan Deol, Dharam Singh Deol da Dharmendra Singh Deol.<ref>https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/dharmendra-biography-education-career-net-worth-and-awards-1820003963-1</ref> Ya yi ƙaramar rayuwarsa a ƙauyen Sahnewal kuma ya yi karatu a makarantar sakandare ta gwamnati da ke Lalton Kalan, gundumar Ludhiana, inda mahaifinsa shi ne shugaban makarantar ƙauye.<ref>https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards/winners</ref> Ya yi digirinsa a Phagwara a shekarar 1952.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120210134027/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=171&catName=MTk2NQ==</ref> ==Matsalolin lafiya da mutuwa== A cikin 2010, Dharmendra ya daina shan barasa bayan abin da ya kira "tsoron lafiya." A baya an san shi da shan barasa, har ma ana kiransa da “babban bugu a Bollywood”, saboda yana sha har zuwa kwalabe 12 a rana.<ref>https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/when-dharmendra-reacted-to-being-called-the-biggest-boozer-in-bollywood-mera-liver-bahot-strong-hai/articleshow/112361933.cms</ref> Tsakanin 2015 da 2020, yana da batutuwan kiwon lafiya da yawa, gami da ciwon baya, ciwon tsoka, da rauni, wanda lokaci-lokaci yana buƙatar asibiti. A shekara ta 2025, an yi wa Dharmendra tiyatar dashen masara bayan da idon sa na hagu ya lalace.<ref>https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/dharmendra-undergoes-eye-graft-interacts-with-paparazzi-with-bandaged-eye-calls-himself-strong-101743492513526.html</ref> An kuma kwantar da shi a asibiti a ranar 31 ga Oktoba 2025 a Asibitin Breach Candy da ke Mumbai saboda matsalar numfashi. An shigar da shi ICU don dubawa kuma an sallame shi a cikin 'yan sa'o'i kadan bayan duk mahimman abubuwan da ya dace.<ref>https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-after-esha-deol-hema-malini-denies-reports-of-dharmendra-death-accuses-media-of-spreading-false-news-what-is-happening-is-unforgivable-3187794</ref> A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 2025, an sake shigar da Dharmendra a Asibitin Breach Candy bayan ya koka da matsalolin numfashi. Matarsa ta biyu, Hema Malini, ta bayyana a shafukan sada zumunta cewa yana karkashin kulawar likitocin. A cewar rahotanni, an sanya shi a kan tallafin iska yayin da yanayinsa ya yi tsanani. ‘Yan wasan kwaikwayo da ‘yan siyasa da masoya a fadin kasar nan sun bayyana damuwarsu tare da yi masa addu’ar samun lafiya cikin gaggawa[213]. A ranar 11 ga Nuwamba 2025, jita-jita ta fara yaduwa a shafukan sada zumunta da kuma tashoshi na labarai da yawa suna ikirarin Dharmendra ya mutu. Rahotannin sun bazu cikin sauri, inda kafafen yada labarai da dama ke yada labaran da ba a tantance ba. Jita-jitar mutuwar tasa ta mamaye yanar gizo bayan Ministan Tsaron Indiya Rajnath Singh da mawaki kuma mawaki Javed Akhtar har ma sun yi jimamin mutuwarsa a wani rubutu. Bayan haka, Hema Malini da 'yarsa Esha Deol sun yi watsi da wannan jita-jita ta shafukansu na sada zumunta, inda suka tabbatar da cewa Dharmendra yana raye kuma yana cikin kwanciyar hankali. Sun yi Allah-wadai da yada irin wadannan bayanan na karya, suna masu cewa sam ba abin karba ba ne, da kuma rashin dawainiya<ref>https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-after-esha-deol-hema-malini-denies-reports-of-dharmendra-death-accuses-media-of-spreading-false-news-what-is-happening-is-unforgivable-3187794</ref> Dharmendra ya mutu a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 2025 a gidansa a Mumbai, yana da shekaru 89 bayan rashin lafiya mai alaƙa da shekaru. An gudanar da bukukuwansa na ƙarshe a gidan wuta na Pawan Hans a yankin Vile Parle na Mumbai, tare da danginsa da abokan aikin masana'antar fim da yawa da suka halarta.<ref>https://www.livemint.com/entertainment/dharmendra-no-more-hema-malini-reaches-pawan-hans-crematorium-in-vile-parle-for-his-last-rites-watch-video-11763974565174.html</ref> ====MANAZARTA==== fblzar5jlc289a3tdqtapjdz4p5eos1 0 130387 961647 780940 2026-10-02T03:33:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 6 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961647 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Emily_Tennyson_(cropped).jpg|thumb|326x326px|Emily Tennyson, kimanin 1857, a cikin tarin Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Yale.]] '''Emily Sarah Tennyson, Baroness Tennyson''' ( née '''Sellwood''' ; 9 ga Yuli 1813 &#x2013; 10 ga Agusta 1896), wacce aka fi sani da '''Emily, Lady Tennyson''', ita ce matar mawakiyar Alfred, Lord Tennyson, kuma marubuciya kuma mawakiya a matsayinta na mawaƙiya. Emily ita ce babbar 'ya'ya mata uku, wacce uba ɗaya tilo ya rene ta, bayan mahaifiyarta Sarah ta mutu tana da shekaru uku. Mahaifinta, lauya mai nasara, ya sadaukar da kansa ga ita da 'yan'uwanta mata kuma ya tabbatar da cewa sun sami ilimi mai kyau. Ta haɗu da Alfred tun tana yarinya, amma ba su haɗu da soyayya ba har sai da ɗan'uwansa Charles ya auri 'yar'uwarta Louisa. Shekaru goma sha uku kafin su yi aure, saboda damuwar mahaifinta game da matakin da Tennyson zai iya biya mata akan albashin mawaƙi. Lokacin da aikinsa ya ƙara samun nasara, Emily da Alfred sun yi aure. Emily ta taka rawa sosai a rayuwar Alfred. Baya ga kasancewarta mata kuma uwar 'ya'ya maza biyu, tana gudanar da manyan gidaje kuma tana gudanar da ayyukan kasuwanci ga mijinta. Ta taka rawar manajan kasuwanci, sakatare, mai tallata kaya, mai nishadantarwa, da kuma mai kare ta. Lafiyarta ta sha wahala bayan haihuwar ɗanta na biyu, kuma damuwa da yawan aiki sun sa lafiyarta ta yi rauni har ta zama nakasasshe. Ta ji daɗin kiɗa kuma ta rubuta wasu waƙoƙin Tennyson, kuma ta rubuta wasu waƙoƙin waƙa. Bayan mutuwar mijinta a 1892, ta yi aiki tare da ɗanta don rubuta tarihin rayuwarsa. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Emily Sarah Sellwood a ranar 9 ga Yuli, 1813, wataƙila a Market Place, Horncastle, Lincolnshire, {{Efn|Some sources cite her place of birth as Berkshire.<ref name="Hills">{{Cite book |last1=Hills |first1=William Henry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZWdJAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA125 |title=The Writer: A Monthly Magazine for Literary Workers |last2=Luce |first2=Robert |date=1896 |publisher=Writer Publishing Company |page=125 |language=en}}</ref>}} ita ce babbar 'ya'ya mata uku da Sarah (ɗan Franklin, 1788–1816) da Henry Sellwood (1782–1867) suka haifa. Mahaifinta lauya ne mai wadata, sakatare, kuma manaja wanda ya yi aiki a gidan Tennyson sau da yawa tsawon shekaru; mahaifiyarta ƙanwar wani mai binciken Arctic ne mai suna Sir John Franklin . Mahaifiyarta ta rasu lokacin da Emily ke da shekaru uku, bayan haka mahaifinta mai himma ya ba wa 'yan matan ilimi mai kyau. == Aure == [[Fayil:Alfred_Lord_Tennyson_1840.jpg|thumb|Samuel Laurence, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, 1840]] Emily ta fara haɗuwa da Alfred, Lord Tennyson lokacin tana da shekaru tara ko goma sha shida. <ref> name="TCC">{{Cite web |date=8 November 2011 |title=Emily Tennyson |url=http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |archive-date=18 March 2020 |access-date=17 March 2020 |website=Tennyson's Celebrity Circle - Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson: University of Portsmouth}}</ref> Alfred ya kamu da soyayya da Emily a lokacin auren ɗan'uwansa, Charles, da 'yar'uwarta, Louisa, a watan Mayu na 1836. <ref> name="HT">{{Cite web |title=Emily, Lady Tennyson |url=https://www.historytoday.com/archive/emily-lady-tennyson |access-date=18 March 2020 |website=History Today}}</ref> Daga baya ya rubuta wasiƙar sonnet game da yadda ya ji a bikin auren 'yan'uwansu, inda Emily ita ce amaryar: {{Blockquote|Love lighted down between them full of glee,<br /> And over his left shoulder laughed at thee,<br /> ‘O happy bridesmaid, make a happy bride.’<br /> And all at once a pleasant truth I learn’d,<br /> For while the tender service made thee weep,<br /> I loved thee for the tear thou could’st not hide,<br /> And prest thy hand, and knew the press return’d,<br /> And thought, ‘My life is sick of single sleep:<br /> O happy bridesmaid, make a happy bride!’<ref name="HT" />}} [[Fayil:Farringford_-_Isle_of_Wight_-_A._Heaton_Cooper.jpg|left|thumb|Alfred Heaton Cooper, Farringford House, Isle of Wight]] A shekara ta 1837, an yi musu aure. An dakatar da bikin a shekara ta 1840, saboda matsalolin kuɗi <ref>name="TCC">{{Cite web |date=8 November 2011 |title=Emily Tennyson |url=http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |archive-date=18 March 2020 |access-date=17 March 2020 |website=Tennyson's Celebrity Circle - Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson: University of Portsmouth}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ "Emily Tennyson"]. ''Tennyson's Celebrity Circle - Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson: University of Portsmouth''. 8 November 2011. Archived from [http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |date=2020-03-18 }} on 18 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> da kuma fargabar mahaifinta game da ikon Tennyson na kula da iyali bisa ga kuɗin shigar mawaƙi. Aikin Tennyson ya fi nasara a shekarun 1840 kuma an yi musu aure a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1850. <ref name="TCC" /> An yi mata aure tana da shekaru 37. <ref name="Viney" /> A wannan shekarar, Alfred ya shahara sosai saboda nasarar ''In Memoriam AHH'' (1850), kuma kulawar da Alfred da Emily suka nuna ta yi yawa. <ref name="TCC" /> Da farko sun zauna a Twickenham da ke Landan, sun kafa gidaje a manyan gidaje tare da masu hidima a gida, wataƙila mai araha saboda sadaki daga mahaifinta. Domin guje wa yaɗa labarai, Tennysons sun ƙaura zuwa Freshwater, Isle of Wight zuwa Farringford House . Emily ta ga gidan a matsayin "wuri mafi soyuwa a duniya", amma suna da baƙi da yawa har ya fi kama da otal. <ref>name="TCC">{{Cite web |date=8 November 2011 |title=Emily Tennyson |url=http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |archive-date=18 March 2020 |access-date=17 March 2020 |website=Tennyson's Celebrity Circle - Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson: University of Portsmouth}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ "Emily Tennyson"]. ''Tennyson's Celebrity Circle - Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson: University of Portsmouth''. 8 November 2011. Archived from [http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |date=2020-03-18 }} on 18 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Baƙinsu sau da yawa suna zama na tsawon makonni, wanda ya tayar da hankalin Alfred saboda hayaniya tsakanin bayi da baƙi. <ref name="Viney" /> Ita ce sakatariyarsa, abokin hulɗarsa ta kasuwanci, mai gyara rubutu, kuma manajan kuɗi. <ref>name="TCC">{{Cite web |date=8 November 2011 |title=Emily Tennyson |url=http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |archive-date=18 March 2020 |access-date=17 March 2020 |website=Tennyson's Celebrity Circle - Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson: University of Portsmouth}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ "Emily Tennyson"]. ''Tennyson's Celebrity Circle - Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson: University of Portsmouth''. 8 November 2011. Archived from [http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |date=2020-03-18 }} on 18 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Philip Larkin ya bayyana Emily a matsayin matar da ke bayan mutumin - ita ce ke kula da harkokin kasuwancinsa, tana kula da gidansa, tana kula da kuma ilmantar da 'ya'yansa, tana karɓar baƙi, kuma tana kare shi - yayin da yake rubuta waƙa. {{Efn|[[Philip Larkin]] wrote of Emily Tennyson, another poet's wife: Mrs Alfred Tennyson/Answered/begging letters/admiring letters/ insulting letters/enquiring letters/ business letters/and publishers' letters./She also/looked after his clothes/saw to his food and drink/ entertained visitors/protected him from gossip and criticism/And finally/(apart from running the household)/ Brought up and educated his children./While all this was going on/Mister Alfred Tennyson sat like a baby/Doing his poetic business.<ref name="Viney" />}} Wasiƙunta suna ba da haske game da iyawarta ta shugabanci da ƙaunar mijinta. A zamanin yau, aikinta ga mijinta za a ɗauke shi na mace 'yar kasuwa. <ref name="Viney" /> [[Fayil:Alfred_Tennyson,_1st_Baron_Tennyson_and_family.jpg|thumb|Oscar Gustave Rejlander, Alfred, Lord Tennyson da Emily Tennyson tare da 'ya'yansu maza a Farringford House, Gidan Tarihi na Karatu]] Sun haifi 'ya'ya maza biyu, Hallam, wanda aka haifa a Twickenham a ranar 11 ga Agusta 1852, da kuma Lionel, wanda aka haifa a Farringford House a ranar 16 ga Maris 1854. Bayan haihuwar ɗanta na biyu, ta kamu da rashin lafiya mai sauƙi. Lokacin da Alfred ba ya nan, Julia Margaret Cameron ta ziyarci Emily a Farringford. Julia ta yi tunanin Emily a matsayin "raƙuman soyayya masu rai waɗanda tushensu ba ya bushewa." <ref name="TCC">{{Cite web |date=8 November 2011 |title=Emily Tennyson |url=http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |archive-date=18 March 2020 |access-date=17 March 2020 |website=Tennyson's Celebrity Circle - Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson: University of Portsmouth}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ "Emily Tennyson"]. ''Tennyson's Celebrity Circle - Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson: University of Portsmouth''. 8 November 2011. Archived from [http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318080429/http://tennysonscelebritycircle.port.ac.uk/interactive-map/people-places/emily-tennyson/ |date=2020-03-18 }} on 18 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Coventry Patmore ya bayyana ta a matsayin mai noma, mai ban sha'awa 'amma hankalinta koyaushe yana kama da zurfi fiye da yadda take noma, kuma zuciyarta koyaushe tana da zurfi fiye da tunaninta, - ko kuma ta zama babban abin da ke cikin tunaninta." <ref name="RA">{{Cite web |title=Lady Tennyson |url=https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/work-of-art/lady-tennyson |access-date=17 March 2020 |website=Royal Academy of Arts}}</ref> == Kiɗa da rubutu == Mawakiya, Emily ta yi amfani da baiwarta wajen sanya wasu daga cikin waƙoƙinsa su zama waƙoƙi. Ta rubuta waƙoƙin ''Allah Mai Girma, wanda ya san buƙatun kowane mutum'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Great God, who knowest each man's need |url=https://hymnary.org/text/great_god_who_knowest_each_mans_need |access-date=17 March 2020 |website=Hymnary |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230414201935/https://hymnary.org/text/great_god_who_knowest_each_mans_need |archive-date=14 April 2023 |url-status=dead}}</ref> da kuma ''O duk da haka mun amince da hakan ta wata hanya mai kyau'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=O yet we trust that somehow good |url=https://hymnary.org/text/o_yet_we_trust_that_somehow_good |access-date=17 March 2020 |website=Hymnary |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318032912/https://hymnary.org/text/o_yet_we_trust_that_somehow_good |archive-date=18 March 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Emily da ɗanta Hallam sun rubuta tarihin rayuwar Tennyson. <ref name="RA"/> == Shekarun da suka biyo baya da mutuwa == Da shigewar lokaci, nauyin da ke kanta ya yi matuƙar takura har ya raunana lafiyarta. Ta yi marmarin lokaci "na karatu da tunani, don dawo da sassaucin tunanin mutum, yanzu kamar baka da ya lalace ta hanyar dogon lanƙwasawa". Ta zama marar lafiya kuma ba ta iya yin nishaɗi ko yin ayyukan gudanarwa da sakatare ba, kamar yadda ta yi a baya. Wannan ta wata hanya albarka ce ga Alfred, inda su biyun suka yi ritaya. Duk da haka, ta sami damar ba shi ta'aziyya lokacin da yake cikin damuwa. Alfred ya mutu a shekara ta 1892. <ref name="RA" /> An binne shi a Westminster Abbey a kusurwar Poets . Emily Tennyson ta mutu a ranar 10 ga Agusta, 1896 a Aldworth . <ref name="RA"/> An binne ta a Cocin All Saints, Freshwater, Isle of Wight. <ref name="Toms" /> == Bayanan kula == {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hmgv0pc3pjmaicf79bl24j716imcz51 0 130545 961780 767844 2026-10-02T07:13:06Z BnHamid 12586 961780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Katie Telford''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1978) jami'ar gwamnatin Kanada ce kuma mai dabarun siyasa wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ma'aikata na 15 ga Firayim Minista daga 2015 zuwa 2025, a karkashin Firayim Ministan [[Justin Trudeau]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cabinet 2015 |url=https://ipolitics.ca/cabinet-2015/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304121808/http://ipolitics.ca/cabinet-2015/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=2015-11-04 |website=iPolitics}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin babban mai ba da shawara kan yakin neman zabe na Trudeau a lokacin da ya samu nasarar yakin neman zabe a Zaben 2015.<ref name="Toronto Star">{{Cite web |last=Delacourt |first=Susan |author-link=Susan Delacourt |date=22 September 2015 |title=The Architect of a Liberal Campaign Shakeup |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/federal-election/2015/09/22/the-architect-of-a-liberal-campaign-shakeup.html |access-date=19 December 2015 |website=Toronto Star |agency=Canadian Press}}</ref> Bayan murabus din Gerald Butts, Telford an amince da shi a matsayin matsayi mafi girma a cikin [[Ofishin Firayim Minista (Kanada)|Ofishin Firayim Minista]] na Trudeau kuma ya rike matsayi mai mahimmanci a cikin yakin neman zabe na 2019 da 2021. Ita ce shugabar ma'aikata mafi tsawo ga Firayim Minista a tarihin Kanada, tana aiki a duk tsawon shekaru 10 na Trudeau. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Telford ta girma ne a [[Toronto]]. Iyayenta ma'aikatan gwamnati ne; mahaifinta Australiya ne kuma mahaifiyarta ta fito ne daga [[Ontario]]" id="mwKA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hamilton, Ontario">Hamilton, Ontario . Lokacin da Telford ke da shekaru 12, ta yi aiki a matsayin shafi na makonni da yawa a majalisar dokokin Ontario. Ta yi karatun kimiyyar siyasa a Jami'ar Ottawa, inda ta shiga kulob din muhawara kuma daga ƙarshe ta zama shugaban kulob din. Kungiyar ta kasance 'yar wasan kusa da na karshe na kasa sau biyu kuma ta kammala a gasar zakarun duniya a [[Glasgow]], Scotland . == Ayyuka == === Mai ba da shawara ga Ministan Ilimi na Ontario Gerrard Kennedy === Bayan kammala karatunsa daga jami'a, Telford ya shiga ma'aikatan Ontario Liberal MPP Gerrard Kennedy a matsayin mataimakinsa na majalisa, ya fara aiki a ranar 11 ga Satumba. Ofishin Kennedy ya kasance mai hankali a lokacin saboda dalilai da yawa. A cikin gwagwarmayar shugabanci da ta gabata, Kennedy shine mai fafatawa wanda ya jagoranci ta hanyar kuri'u huɗu na farko kafin mai fafatawar matsayi na huɗu Dalton McGuinty ya ci shi. Duk da kasancewa MPP na York ta Kudu, an matsa wa Kennedy ya ba da sabon kujerar York ta Kudu - Weston, wanda ya kunshi kashi 81% na tsohuwar mazabarsa, ga maƙwabcin MPP Joseph Cordiano, abokin hamayyar shugabanci wanda ya ba da mummunan rauni ga shirinsa na shugabanci, kuma an sake zabarsa tare da kuri'u 10,000 masu ban sha'awa a Parkdale - High Park, ya ƙunshi kashi 19% kawai na tsohuwar yankinsa, a kan wani abokin hamayyarsa wanda ya sauya ga masu mulki Progressive Conservatives. Tare da Ontario Liberals sun rasa zaben lardin a watan Yunin 1999 bayan sun jagoranci zaben na yawancin watanni na karshe na majalisar dokoki ta baya, McGuinty ya ba Kennedy babban fayil na ilimi a cikin majalisar inuwa. An nada Kennedy a matsayin ministan ilimi lokacin da 'yan Liberals suka kafa gwamnati a shekara ta 2003. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2004 kwanaki kadan kafin ta cika shekaru 26, Telford ta sami ci gaba ta zama shugaban ma'aikata ga Kennedy, sanannen nadin da kuma alamar farko ta kiranta a matsayin babban mataimakin siyasa. Ita ce mafi ƙanƙanta shugaban ma'aikatan ma'aikatar a Queen's Park a lokacin, wani abu mai ban sha'awa a cikin sabuwar gwamnati tare da mataimakan tsoffin sojoji da yawa bayan sama da shekaru goma a cikin adawa. Ministan ta, tana da suna mai kyau a matsayin mai aiki mai mahimmanci, kuma an ba ta alhakin ma'aikatar ilimi bayan shekaru goma na tashin hankali na ma'aikata a bangaren karkashin Progressive Conservatives. A lokacin da Telford ya kasance babban mataimakin Kennedy, McGuinty Liberals sun gabatar da "budget na ilimi" na 2005 wanda aka tsara don magance rashi na tsarin tsarin tsarin ilimi. Kennedy ya kafa a wannan shekarar tsarin tattaunawa na lardin tare da kungiyoyin malamai na lardin wanda sakamakon haka yawancin Kwamitin makaranta sun daidaita kwangilar su ba tare da rasa lokacin koyarwa ba, kuma ya sanar da cewa kashi 90-95% na daliban Ontario tsakanin makarantar sakandare da aji na uku za su kasance a cikin aji na dalibai ashirin ko ƙasa da haka a shekara ta 2007. Telford daga baya ya yaba wa Kennedy saboda sanannun hanyoyin da ta yi game da yakin neman zabe na siyasa da kuma "sha'awarta" da bayanai. A lokacin da take a Queen's Park, Telford ta kuma haɓaka kyakkyawar dangantaka ta aiki tare da Gerald Butts, sakataren manufofi sannan kuma babban sakatare a ofishin McGuinty, tare da wanda za ta raba matsayi na farko a [[Ofishin Firayim Minista (Kanada)|Ofishin Firayim Minista]] na Trudeau shekaru goma bayan haka, . === Kennedy ta Tarayyar Jagoranci === A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2006, Kennedy ya yi murabus a matsayin ministan ilimi kuma ya bayyana takararsa ga shugabancin Jam'iyyar Liberal ta Kanada. Telford ya bar matsayinsa a Queen's Park don gudanar da tayin Kennedy, <ref name="Toronto Star">{{Cite web |last=Delacourt |first=Susan |author-link=Susan Delacourt |date=22 September 2015 |title=The Architect of a Liberal Campaign Shakeup |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/federal-election/2015/09/22/the-architect-of-a-liberal-campaign-shakeup.html |access-date=19 December 2015 |website=Toronto Star |agency=Canadian Press}}</ref> wanda ba a fara kallon shi a matsayin mai takara na farko ba saboda rashin iya magana da Faransanci sosai. A farkon watanni ana kallon gasar a tsakanin Michael Ignatieff da Bob Rae, kowannensu yana jawo mahimman caucus da goyon bayan kafa. Telford ya jagoranci kamfen ɗin don mayar da hankali kan yin rajistar matasa, yayin da aka tanada yawan wuraren wakilai a kowane gundumar a gare su. Ƙarfinsa ya karu sosai bayan Toronto Star ta ruwaito cewa Kennedy ya bayyana ya sanya hannu kan mafi girman rabo na sabbin mambobi, kuma karɓar membobinsa da ya fi ƙarfin da ake tsammani shine tseren budewa. Duk da cewa ba memba ne mai zaman kansa ba a lokacin, Kennedy ya sami goyon baya na wani bangare mai mahimmanci na zaman, gami da fitattun matasa 'yan majalisa, uku daga cikinsu za su yi aiki a cikin majalisa shekaru goma bayan haka a lokacin da Telford ke aiki a ofishin Firayim Minista. Kennedy ya sami kashi 17.3% na zaɓaɓɓun wakilai don shiga matsayi na uku a cikin taron. Duk da haka ya yi mummunar aiki a Quebec, kuma ya kara ware wakilan Quebec ta hanyar zama dan takarar shugabanci na farko da ya bayyana adawarsa don amincewa da Québécois "al'umma a cikin Kanada mai haɗin kai". A cikin wani canji mai ban mamaki wanda zai zama mai banƙyama ga Telford, jim kadan kafin taron, Butts ya shirya wani taro tsakanin don abokinsa na jami'a [[Justin Trudeau]] ya sadu da Telford a shagon kofi a cikin garin Toronto don ya ba da goyon bayansa ga yakin Kennedy. Tallafin Trudeau ga Kennedy da kuma kuskuren da aka yi wa Michael Ignatieff game da kishin kasa na Quebec ya nuna farkon sa hannu a cikin jam'iyyar tarayya. Trudeau ya shiga yakin neman zabe na Kennedy da wuri har ya zama ba zai yiwu a gare shi ya sami takaddun shaida na yau da kullun don ya kasance a taron ba, yana buƙatar Telford ya nemi damar baƙo a gare shi don ya gabatar da Kennedy a lokacin jawabin karshe na 'yan takara. Kennedy ya sami matsayi na 4 mai banƙyama, kuri'u 2 ƙasa da wanda ya lashe, Stéphane Dion, kuma rata ta karu zuwa kuri'u 90 a zabe na biyu. Kennedy tare da masu jefa kuri'a 884 sun zaɓi su fice duk da yawa sun fi kuri'u 600 a gaban Ken Dryden, kuma sun girmama kayan aikinsa na farko tare da Dion. Fitowarsa da wuri ta kama sansanonin Ignatieff da Rae ba tare da tsaro ba yayin da suke aiki suna fada da juna don kimanin wakilai 200 da aka 'yantar da su ta hanyar kawar da Dryden, ya bar tawagar Kennedy don isar da wakilai a cikin taro ga Dion tare da ɗan tsangwama da ƙarancin ɓarkewa. Dion ya sami kuri'u 800 kuma ya tsallake gaba biyu a zaben na uku, ya tabbatar da jagoranci a karo na huɗu. An yaba wa Kennedy a matsayin mai mulkin Dion. Telford ya shiga ma'aikatan Dion a matsayin sakataren manufofi da darektan manufofi le dangantakar masu ruwa da tsaki bayan taron shugabanci, kuma an inganta shi a matsayin mataimakin shugaban ma'aikata a 2008. Idan aka ba da mummunar ƙarshen jagorancin Dion, Telford ta yarda lokacin da take a matsayin Shugaban Ofishin 'yan adawa na hukuma ba shi da kyau, yana mai lura da cewa "Lokaci ne mai banƙyama a cikin jam'iyyar".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cabinet 2015 |url=https://ipolitics.ca/cabinet-2015/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304121808/http://ipolitics.ca/cabinet-2015/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=2015-11-04 |website=iPolitics}}</ref> Ta koma Toronto tsakanin matsayinta tare da Dion da Trudeau, tana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga StrategyCorp a Toronto, wani kamfani da David MacNaughton ke jagoranta, wanda Telford ya sadu da shi yayin da yake babban sakataren McGuinty, kuma daga baya zai dauki shi don ya jagoranci yakin neman zabe na Ontario wanda ya ba da rabin kujerun Trudeau kawai mafi rinjaye a shekarar 2015.<ref name="Toronto Star">{{Cite web |last=Delacourt |first=Susan |author-link=Susan Delacourt |date=22 September 2015 |title=The Architect of a Liberal Campaign Shakeup |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/federal-election/2015/09/22/the-architect-of-a-liberal-campaign-shakeup.html |access-date=19 December 2015 |website=Toronto Star |agency=Canadian Press}}</ref> Telford ta auri Rob Silver, mai ba da shawara ga hukumar harkokin jama'a. Suna da ɗa guda.<ref name="Toronto Star">{{Cite web |last=Delacourt |first=Susan |author-link=Susan Delacourt |date=22 September 2015 |title=The Architect of a Liberal Campaign Shakeup |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/federal-election/2015/09/22/the-architect-of-a-liberal-campaign-shakeup.html |access-date=19 December 2015 |website=Toronto Star |agency=Canadian Press}}</ref><ref name="Rob Silver">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2015 |title=Rob Silver Says Farewell |url=https://www.cbc.ca/player/play/2678371944 |access-date=5 November 2015 |publisher=CBC News}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 08k8boofs3o4kte8qa0kfjckph9ii5o 0 131090 961452 768995 2026-10-01T16:48:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961452 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Hulɗar masu haɓakawa''', wacce aka taƙaita ta da '''DevRel''', <ref>name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Singh Gill |first=Pawanpreet |date=Jul 26, 2022 |title=What is Developer Relations? |url=https://www.commudle.com/blogs/what-is-developer-relations |access-date=12 December 2022 |website=Commudle}}</ref> kalma ce ta laima ga ayyukan da wata ƙungiya ke amfani da ita wadda ke gina manhajar da ke fuskantar masu haɓakawa don haɗawa da masu haɓakawa waɗanda ke amfani da wannan manhajar. <ref> name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Revell |first=Matthew |date=14 August 2020 |title=What is developer relations? |url=https://developerrelations.com/what-is-developer-relations |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=DevRel}}</ref> <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Lewko and Parton |date=April 23, 2021 |title=A Framework for Developer Relations |url=https://devrelbook.substack.com/p/a-framework-for-developer-relations?s=r |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Developer Relations – The Book}}</ref> <ref>name=":9">{{Cite web |date=August 19, 2021 |title=How developers influence purchasing decisions in today's IT organizations |url=https://stackoverflowsolutions.com/topic/developer-influence/how-developers-influence-purchasing-decisions |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Stack Overflow}}</ref> Hulɗar masu haɓakawa wani nau'i ne na [[Bishara ta dandamali|wa'azin dandamali]] kuma ayyukan da ke tattare da su wani lokacin ana kiransu shirin masu haɓakawa ko shirin DevRel. <ref name=":1" /> <ref> name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Re:vere Communications |date=2021 |title=8th DevRel Survey State of Developer Relations 2021 |url=https://www.stateofdeveloperrelations.com/_files/ugd/383279_f1078321a1644f148c4d868da8a34651.pdf |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=State of Developer Relations}}</ref> Shirye-shiryen DevRel galibi sun haɗa da waɗannan: <ref name=":1" /> * Tallan Masu Haɓaka Kasuwanci: Ayyukan wayar da kan masu haɓakawa da haɗin gwiwa don ƙirƙirar wayar da kan jama'a da kuma ƙarfafa masu haɓaka kasuwanci su yi amfani da samfur. * Ilmantar masu haɓakawa: Takardun samfura da albarkatu kamar bidiyo don taimakawa wajen koyon samfura. * Kwarewar Mai Haɓakawa : Sau da yawa ana kiransa da "abokin ciniki na sifili" da "raguwa", shirye-shiryen devrel sun haɗa da amfani da samfurin kai tsaye, gano matsaloli, da inganta ƙwarewar mai haɓakawa. * Nasarar mai haɓakawa: Ayyukan da za a yi don kula da kuma riƙe masu haɓakawa yayin da suke ginawa da haɓaka samfur. * Al'umma: Taro, dandali, da ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa game da samfurin. == Tarihi da asali == Ana ɗaukar Apple a matsayin wanda ya ƙirƙiri shirin DevRel na farko a shekarun 1980, wanda ya fara da Mike Murray, wanda ya ƙirƙiro kalmar mai bisharar software don shawo kan masu haɓaka ɓangare na uku su haɓaka software da aikace-aikace don dandamalin Macintosh. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Thengvall |first=Mary |date=May 23, 2019 |title=What Is Developer Relations (And Why Should You Care?) |url=https://www.marythengvall.com/blog/2019/5/22/what-is-developer-relations-and-why-should-you-care |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Mary Thengvall Community Builder}}</ref> Mike Boich shine mai bisharar software na farko na Apple don aikin Macintosh <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mike Boich |url=https://computerhistory.org/profile/mike-boich/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Computer History Museum}}</ref> kuma ya ɗauki Guy Kawasaki wanda zai zama Babban Mai Bisharar Apple kuma ya yaɗa shirin DevRel. A shekarar 1997, ƙungiyar hulɗa da masu haɓaka manhajoji ta Microsoft ta ƙirƙiri kuma ta rarraba albarkatu da nufin haɓaka nasarar Microsoft ta hanyar tallafin masu samar da manhajoji masu zaman kansu (ISVs). Wannan dabarar, wacce aka yi cikakken bayani a cikin gabatarwa da imel, ta mayar da hankali kan sauƙaƙe haɓakawa da rarraba aikace-aikace bisa ga dandamalin Windows. An auna nasarar masu wa'azin bishara ta hanyar adadin aikace-aikacen Windows da ISVs ɗinsu suka gina kuma suka tallata. A cikin shekaru da suka biyo baya, kamfanoni da yawa sun kafa shirye-shiryen DevRel. A cikin shekarun 2010, kamfanoni kamar New Relic, Twilio, EngineYard, da SendGrid sun sanya shirye-shiryen DevRel a matsayin "tsarin farko na masu haɓakawa ". <ref name=":11">{{Cite web |last=Stowe |first=Mike |date=May 25, 2017 |title=A Brief History Of Developer Relations Programs: How DevRel Evolved Into Developer Communities |url=https://influitive.com/blog/brief-history-developer-relations-programs-developer-communities/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Influitive}}</ref> == Matsayin ƙungiya == === Matsayi da sunayen aiki === A ka'ida, DevRel tana haɗa injiniyanci, tallatawa, sarrafa samfura, da kuma kula da al'umma. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Singh Gill |first=Pawanpreet |date=Jul 26, 2022 |title=What is Developer Relations? |url=https://www.commudle.com/blogs/what-is-developer-relations |access-date=12 December 2022 |website=Commudle}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFSingh_Gill2022">Singh Gill, Pawanpreet (Jul 26, 2022). [https://www.commudle.com/blogs/what-is-developer-relations "What is Developer Relations?"]. ''Commudle''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> Akwai nau'ikan matsayi/muƙamai daban-daban a cikin DevRel, gami da: * '''Masu Ba da Shawara ga Masu Haɓaka''' (wanda aka fi sani '''da Masu Wa'azin Developer''' ): <ref name=":4"/> Mayar da hankali kan isar da saƙo (watau, yin wa'azi) ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar yin magana a tarurruka, halartar tarurruka, karɓar baƙi, ƙirƙirar samfuran lambar, gina tarurrukan yanar gizo, karɓar lokutan ofis na kama-da-wane da/ko yin fafutuka ta hanyar yin aiki a matsayin mai haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙungiyoyin al'umma da samfuran cikin gida. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=July 1, 2021 |title=What is Developer Relations and What are Common Roles? |url=https://www.moesif.com/blog/developer-relations/definition/What-is-Developer-Relations-and-What-are-Common-Roles/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Moesif Blog}}</ref> Wataƙila suna da ƙwarewar yin lambar <ref name=":4" /> kuma suna iya tattara ra'ayoyi, ƙirƙirar samfuran gwaji/lambobi, ko nemo mafita ga matsalolin da ke tattare da samfurin. <ref name=":5" /> * '''Masu Ƙwarewar Masu Haɓaka (DX)''' : Ƙwarewar masu amfani da kansu don samfuran da masu haɓaka ke amfani da su. <ref name=":5" /> DX ya ƙunshi samfura da takardu, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Lewko and Parton |date=April 23, 2021 |title=A Framework for Developer Relations |url=https://devrelbook.substack.com/p/a-framework-for-developer-relations?s=r |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Developer Relations – The Book}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLewko_and_Parton2021">Lewko and Parton (April 23, 2021). [https://devrelbook.substack.com/p/a-framework-for-developer-relations?s=r "A Framework for Developer Relations"]. ''Developer Relations – The Book''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> kuma masu aikin DX na iya mu'amala da ƙirar SDK ko [[API]], kwararar shigarwa, da takardu. <ref name=":5" /> * '''Manajojin Al'umma na Fasaha''' : Manajojin al'umma waɗanda ke mai da hankali kan tattaunawa ta fuskar fasaha, game da fannoni na fasaha na samfur. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mike Boich |url=https://computerhistory.org/profile/mike-boich/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Computer History Museum}}</ref> <ref name=":4" /> iya gano da kuma bin diddigin damar da ƙungiyoyin Masu Ba da Shawara kan Haɓaka ... * '''Masu Tallafawa Masu Haɓaka''' : Suna mai da hankali kan kuma jawo hankalin masu haɓaka software don haɓaka wayar da kan jama'a, ɗaukar da kuma bayar da shawarwari kan kayan aiki, mafita, da dandamali. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=utkarsh |first=0xZeus |date=August 28, 2021 |title=Developer Marketers-DevRel Carousels #6 |url=https://dev.to/devrel/developer-marketers-devrel-carousels-6-4bhk |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Dev.to}}</ref> Suna mai da hankali kan magance matsalolin duniya ta hanyar samar da mafita don taimaka wa masu haɓaka haɓaka ayyukansu da kuma ƙara ingancin haɓakawa. <ref name=":6" /> Suna kuma sauƙaƙe bayar da shawarwari ga masu haɓaka ta hanyar ƙarfafawa da kuma yi wa masu haɓaka wa'azi don su tallata samfurin da aka yi niyya. <ref name=":6" /> * '''Marubutan Fasaha''' : Marubutan fasaha suna samar da abun ciki kamar taimakon kan layi, littattafan rubutu, takardu na fari, da sauransu. Lokacin aiki tare da samfuran fasaha masu matuƙar ƙarfi, kamar kayan aikin haɓakawa, galibi ana ɗaukar marubucin fasaha a matsayin rawar DevRel. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mike Boich |url=https://computerhistory.org/profile/mike-boich/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Computer History Museum}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dhar |first=Shibam |date=February 4, 2022 |title=What is DevRel? {{!}} What is Developer Relations ? {{!}} What is Developer Advocate ? |url=https://tutorialslink.com/Articles/What-is-DevRel-What-is-Developer-Relations-What-is-Developer-Advocate/3198 |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Tutorials Link |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231082343/https://tutorialslink.com/Articles/What-is-DevRel-What-is-Developer-Relations-What-is-Developer-Advocate/3198 |archive-date=31 December 2022 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === Tsarin rahoto === Masu aikin DevRel na iya bayar da rahoto ga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban a cikin ƙungiya - duka na fasaha da na fasaha. A cikin wani bincike na 2021, masu aikin DevRel lokacin da aka tambaye su "Wace sashe ƙungiyar DevRel ɗinku ke ba da rahoto ga?" sun amsa kamar haka: <ref name=":7"/> {| class="wikitable" |+DevRel ya ba da rahoto zuwa ! Ƙungiyar ! Kashi |- | Talla | 26.2% |- | Samfuri | Kashi 17.4% |- | Injiniya | 15.9% |- | Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa | 11.8% |- | Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa (CTO) | 10.8% |} === Tsarin albashi === Albashin shekara-shekara ga masu aikin DevRel ya bambanta daga ƙasa da dala 50,000 zuwa sama da dala 250,000 a wasu lokuta. Wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekarar 2021 ya nuna cewa mafi girman ɓangaren albashin shekara-shekara yana tsakanin dala 100,000 zuwa 150,000. <ref name=":7"/> == Kamfanonin da ke aiki da DevRel == === Kamfanonin masu haɓakawa-farko idan aka kwatanta da kamfanoni masu haɓakawa-da-ƙarfi === Ƙungiyoyin da ke yin DevRel na iya zama '''na farko ga masu haɓakawa''' ko kuma '''na haɓakawa''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Dev +''' ) dangane da babban tsarin kasuwancinsu. Kamfanonin Developer-First (misali, Stripe, Camunda, PerceptiLabs, Unity, da Twilio ) suna da tsarin kasuwanci-zuwa-mai haɓakawa (B2D) wanda ke mai da hankali kan sayar da kayayyaki da aka tsara musamman don masu haɓakawa su yi amfani da su. Kamfanonin Developer-Plus (misali, Slack, Spotify, [[Apple]], Qualcomm, da Santander ) galibi suna zama na kasuwanci-zuwa-kasuwanci (B2B) ko na kasuwanci-zuwa-mabukaci (B2C). <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Re:vere Communications |date=2021 |title=8th DevRel Survey State of Developer Relations 2021 |url=https://www.stateofdeveloperrelations.com/_files/ugd/383279_f1078321a1644f148c4d868da8a34651.pdf |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=State of Developer Relations}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRe:vere_Communications2021">Re:vere Communications (2021). [https://www.stateofdeveloperrelations.com/_files/ugd/383279_f1078321a1644f148c4d868da8a34651.pdf "8th DevRel Survey State of Developer Relations 2021"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''State of Developer Relations''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> Yayin da babban abin da kamfanonin Developer-Plus ke mayar da hankali a kai shi ne ƙirƙirar da sayar da kayayyaki ga kasuwanci ko masu amfani, suna kuma samar da kayayyaki ko ayyuka ga masu haɓakawa waɗanda ke amfana ko haɓaka dabarunsu, gami da: buɗe sabbin hanyoyin kasuwa, ƙirƙirar sabbin hanyoyin amfani, ba da gudummawa ga dabarun ƙirƙira, ko inganta/haɓaka samfuran da ke akwai. A shekarar 2021, wani bincike ya nuna cewa kashi 63.6% na ƙungiyoyi masu shirye-shiryen DevRel sune Developer-Plus, kuma kashi 36.4% sune Developer-First. <ref name=":7"/> === Tasirin masu haɓakawa da girman kasuwa === Ko da kuwa Developer-Plus ne ko Developer-First, kamfanoni suna fahimtar cewa masu haɓaka ƙarfin da ke ƙaruwa suna da shi wajen rinjayar yanke shawara kan siye. <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |date=August 19, 2021 |title=How developers influence purchasing decisions in today's IT organizations |url=https://stackoverflowsolutions.com/topic/developer-influence/how-developers-influence-purchasing-decisions |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Stack Overflow}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://stackoverflowsolutions.com/topic/developer-influence/how-developers-influence-purchasing-decisions "How developers influence purchasing decisions in today's IT organizations"]. ''Stack Overflow''. August 19, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite></ref> Wannan ya haɗa da sabbin kamfanoni waɗanda suka mai da hankali kan yin kayan aiki ga masu haɓaka, da kuma kamfanonin da ke akwai waɗanda babban abin da suka fi mayar da hankali a kai shi ne a wasu wurare, waɗanda yanzu suke gane damar masu haɓaka. Don haka, shugabannin kasuwanci yanzu suna shiga cikin fara sabbin shirye-shiryen DevRel a kamfanoninsu ko ƙara tasirin shirye-shiryen da suke da su. <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Lewko and Parton |date=2021 |title=Developer Relations How to Build and Grow a Successful Developer Program |url=https://www.springerprofessional.de/en/developer-relations/19661896 |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Springer Professional}}</ref> Kayayyaki ko ayyukan da aka yi niyya ga masu haɓaka sun kai kimanin dala biliyan 49 (a cikin 2021) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mike Boich |url=https://computerhistory.org/profile/mike-boich/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Computer History Museum}}</ref> ''Tsarin da masu haɓakawa ke jagoranta'' wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan abubuwa da yawa ciki har da: <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mike Boich |url=https://computerhistory.org/profile/mike-boich/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Computer History Museum}}</ref> * '''Tsarin Rayuwar Isarwa ta Software (SDLC)''' : Magani na SDLC don hanyoyin aiki kamar ƙira, haɓakawa, da gwada software. * '''Kayan Aiki na Ƙirƙira''' : Kayan aiki don gina software. * '''Kayayyakin Samar da Kayayyaki''' : Kayan aiki da manhajoji waɗanda ke tallafawa tsarin rarrabawa da maimaitawa na software. * '''Dandalin Shirye-shirye''' : Haɗin kai tsakanin masu haɓakawa, lambar farko, da lokutan aiki na API kawai. Twilio, misali ne na kamfanin Developer-First, musamman kamfani ''na farko na API'', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mike Boich |url=https://computerhistory.org/profile/mike-boich/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Computer History Museum}}</ref> wanda ya taimaka wajen tsara ''tattalin arzikin API'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mike Boich |url=https://computerhistory.org/profile/mike-boich/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Computer History Museum}}</ref> (samfuran kasuwanci da ayyukan da aka tsara a kan APIs <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mike Boich |url=https://computerhistory.org/profile/mike-boich/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Computer History Museum}}</ref> ), ya shahara da shirye-shiryen DevRel, <ref name=":11"/> kuma ya shahara da wa'azin dandamali. Abin lura shi ne, allon tallan su mai kalmomi uku a Silicon Valley wanda kawai ya ce: "Tambayi Mai Haɓaka", sai kuma tambarin Twilio, an yaba masa da fara tattaunawa tsakanin manyan jami'ai da masu haɓakawa a cikin yanke shawara mai mahimmanci. <ref name=":11" /> === Rarrabawa ta yanki === Ƙungiyoyi a faɗin duniya suna aiwatar da shirye-shiryen DevRel. A shekarar 2021, rarrabuwar kamfanonin da ke yin DevRel a duniya ya fi faruwa ne a Arewacin Amurka (Kanada da Amurka - 61.5%) da Turai (Gabashin Turai, Yammacin Turai, da Birtaniya - 21.6%). Sauran ƙasashe/yankuna sun haɗa da Ostiraliya/New Zealand, China, Indiya, da Gabas ta Tsakiya. <ref name=":7"/> === Rushewa ta hanyar masana'antu === Duk da cewa DevRel ya fi yawa a fannin [[Fasahar bayanai|IT]] / IS, ana kuma amfani da shi a wasu masana'antu. Fahimtar gabaɗaya a shekarar 2021 ita ce: <ref name=":7"/> * Fasaha/Ayyuka na Bayanai 44.6% * SaaS 20.5% * Kamfanin sadarwa 6.2% * Ayyukan kuɗi 7.7% == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lfu32nmqdvc31i31ljxkdg6xoq35u24 0 132028 961519 894500 2026-10-01T18:27:54Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Rayuwa */ 961519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Alenka Bratušek (an haife ta a ranar 31 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1970) 'yar siyasa ce ta Slovenia, wacce ta kasance Firayim Minista na Slovenia daga watan Maris na shekarar 2013 har zuwa watan Mayu na shekara ta 2014 a matsayin mace ta farko a Slovenia da ta rike wannan mukamin.[1] Ta kasance shugabar jam'iyyar Positive Slovenia daga watan Janairun 2013 har zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2014.<ref>[http://pozitivnaslovenija.si/novice/item/657-pozitivno-slovenijo-vodi-mag-alenka-bratu%C5%A1ek Positive Slovenia is led by Alenka Bratušek] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014082451/http://pozitivnaslovenija.si/novice/item/657-pozitivno-slovenijo-vodi-mag-alenka-bratu%C5%A1ek |date=14 October 2013 }} (In Slovene: Pozitivno Slovenijo vodi mag. Alenka Bratušek), official website, news section, 17 January 2013</ref><ref>[http://www.delo.si/novice/politika/zoran-jankovic-ni-vec-predsednik-stranke.html Zoran Janković is not the party's president anymore] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327092826/http://www.delo.si/novice/politika/zoran-jankovic-ni-vec-predsednik-stranke.html |date=2013-03-27 }} ("Zoran Janković ni več predsednik stranke"), [[Delo (newspaper)|Delo]], 17 January 2013</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pozitivnaslovenija.si/n-11186-zoran-jankovic-je-predsednik-pozitivne-slovenije |title=Zoran Jankovic is president of Positive Slovenia |access-date=28 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006065433/http://www.pozitivnaslovenija.si/n-11186-zoran-jankovic-je-predsednik-pozitivne-slovenije |archive-date=6 October 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Mayu 2014, Bratušek ta gabatar da murabus dinta a matsayin Firayim Minista.<ref name="Delo.si">{{cite web|url=http://www.rtvslo.si/slovenija/a-bratusek-ce-res-vsi-mislijo-kar-govorijo-gremo-na-volitve-pred-poletjem/336095|title=A. Bratušek: "Če res vsi mislijo, kar govorijo, gremo na volitve pred poletjem." |publisher=Delo.si |access-date=2014-05-05}}</ref> Bratušek ya hau mulki a matsayin Ministan Infrastructure a shekarar 2018 kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 2020. Ta koma rawar a shekarar 2023. == Tarihin Rayuwar ta. == An haifi Bratušek a Celje . Ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha a Jami'ar Ljubljana . Ci gaba da karatunta a Jami'ar Ljubljana, ta ci gaba da samun digiri na biyu a fannin gudanarwa a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Jama'a . Kafin ta shiga siyasa, ta yi aiki na shekaru shida a matsayin shugabar Darakta na Kasafin Kudi na Jiha a Ma'aikatar Kudi. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2013, wani mutum da ba a san shi ba ya soki Bratušek saboda ba ta ambaci tushe a shafi ɗaya na rubutun ta ba. Ayyukanta suna da shafuka 88 tare da tushe 34 da aka jera, amma 'yan jarida kawai sun ƙidaya 11 da aka ambata; daga cikinsu akwai takardun ciki na kamfanin ''Javniemaski zavod Brdo'', inda ta kasance memba kuma daga baya shugabar hukumar gudanarwa.<ref>[http://pozitivnaslovenija.si/novice/item/657-pozitivno-slovenijo-vodi-mag-alenka-bratu%C5%A1ek Positive Slovenia is led by Alenka Bratušek] {{Webarchive}} (In Slovene: Pozitivno Slovenijo vodi mag. Alenka Bratušek), official website, news section, 17 January 2013</ref> 'Yan jarida na Slovenske sun kuma shiga cikin aikinta kuma sun rubuta cewa Bratušek ya kwace shafi ɗaya daga aikin wani marubuci (game da rarrabawar Gøsta Esping-Andersen na jin dadin) ba tare da ambaton da ya dace ba.<ref>[http://www.delo.si/novice/politika/zoran-jankovic-ni-vec-predsednik-stranke.html Zoran Janković is not the party's president anymore] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327092826/http://www.delo.si/novice/politika/zoran-jankovic-ni-vec-predsednik-stranke.html |date=2013-03-27 }} ("Zoran Janković ni več predsednik stranke"), [[Delo (newspaper)|Delo]], 17 January 2013</ref> Alma mater dinta, Faculty of Social Sciences, ta fara bincike game da zargin satar bayanai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zoran Jankovic is president of Positive Slovenia |url=http://www.pozitivnaslovenija.si/n-11186-zoran-jankovic-je-predsednik-pozitivne-slovenije |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006065433/http://www.pozitivnaslovenija.si/n-11186-zoran-jankovic-je-predsednik-pozitivne-slovenije |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=28 April 2014}}</ref> Kwamitin binciken ya kammala cewa "Bratušek a cikin rubutunta ta biyu ya yi amfani da ayyukan wasu marubuta ba tare da hanyoyin ambaton yanzu ba, amma bisa ga kimantawa mai mahimmanci na kayan da aka tattara da tushe ba za a iya tabbatar da shi da ƙwarewa da kimiyya cewa rubutun ba sakamakon aikinta ba ne. "<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alenka Bratušek ostaja magistra znanosti – MLADINA.si |url=http://www.mladina.si/145826/alenka-bratusek-ostaja-magistra-znanosti/}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == A shekara ta 2006 ta yi takara a zaben kananan hukumomi a jerin sunayen Liberal Democracy of Slovenia (LDS) kuma an zabe ta a majalisar birni ta Kranj . A shekara ta 2008, Bratušek bai yi nasara ba a takarar majalisar a jerin sunayen jam'iyyar Social Liberal Zares . [1] A zaben kananan hukumomi na gaba, a shekara ta 2010, ta sauya goyon baya, a wannan lokacin zuwa Hermina Krt's List (Lista Hermine Krt) kuma an sake zabar ta a majalisar birni ta Kranj.[1][2] A farkon zaben 'yan majalisa na 2011, an zabe ta a cikin jerin sunayen jam'iyyar Positive Slovenia . A lokacin da take majalisa ta kasance shugabar kwamitin kula da kasafin kudi na majalisa. A ranar 17 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2013, an zabi Bratušek a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar Positive Slovenia bayan shugabanta kuma wanda ya kafa Zoran Janković ya yi watsi da dukkan ayyuka a cikin jam'iyyar na ɗan lokaci biyo bayan zargin da Hukumar Kula da Rigakafin Cin Hanci da Rashawa ta gabatar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Predsednica vlade mag. Alenka Bratušek {{pipe}} Kabinet predsednika Vlade RS |url=http://www.kpv.gov.si/si/predsednica_vlade_alenka_bratusek/ |access-date=2014-05-04 |publisher=Kpv.gov.si}}</ref> Har ila yau, bayan rahoton, gwamnatin Janez Janša ta tsakiya ta sami kuri'un rashin amincewa. A ranar 10 ga Satumba 2014 an zabi Bratušek a matsayin daya daga cikin mataimakan shugaban Hukumar Tarayyar Turai a karkashin Shugabancin Junker, amma an ki amincewa da zaben ta a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 2014, galibi saboda rashin kwarewa.<ref name="index.hr">{{Cite web |title=Europski parlament odbio kandidaturu Alenke Bratušek |url=http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/europska-komisija-odbila-kandidaturu-alenke-bratusek-/776251.aspx}}</ref> === Firayim Minista === [[Fayil:Srečanje_premierke_Alenke_Bratušek_s_papežem_Frančiškom_2013_(2).jpg|left|thumb|250x250px|Taron Alenka Bratušek da [[Francis (fafaroma)|Paparoma Francis]]]] A ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, an zabi Bratušek a matsayin Firayim Minista wanda aka zaba don kafa sabuwar gwamnatin Slovenia. Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Slovenia ta tsakiya ta amsa ta hanyar tweeting game da "gwamnatin ta ba ta da tsayi fiye da tsawon rigarta".[1] (A taron, Alenka Bratušek ta yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista daga Maris 2013 har zuwa Afrilu 2014.) Gregor Virant ya yi maraba da sakamakon zaben, yana mai cewa zai ba Slovenia damar ci gaba. [2] Kafofin yada labarai na kasashen waje sun yi tunanin cewa zai zama da wahala ga Bratušek ya kafa sabuwar gwamnati kuma ya yi tambaya ko za ta ci gaba da sake fasalin da gwamnatin Janša ta fara.[3] [[Fayil:Alenka_Bratušek_in_Germany_(6).jpg|thumb|Bratušek tare da Shugabar Jamus [[Angela Merkel]] a Berlin a ranar 12 ga Yulin 2013]] A neman kauce wa taimakon kudi gwamnatinta ta sami amincewa da kuri'u 50 zuwa 31 a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Predsednica vlade mag. Alenka Bratušek {{pipe}} Kabinet predsednika Vlade RS |url=http://www.kpv.gov.si/si/predsednica_vlade_alenka_bratusek/ |access-date=2014-05-04 |publisher=Kpv.gov.si}}</ref> A ranar 29 ga Afrilu 2014 ta yi murabus daga Positive Slovenia, [1] bayan ta rasa jagorancin jam'iyyar ga Zoran Janković a ranar 26 ga Afrilu. [2] Bayan wannan ci gaba, Bratušek ta sanar da murabus dinta a matsayin Firayim Minista, don fara aiki a ranar 5 ga Mayu 2014.[3] A ranar 5 ga Mayu, ta gabatar da wasikar murabus dinta a hukumance, wanda ya haifar da tattaunawa game da zaben gaggawa daga baya a shekarar 2014. [4] Ta zama Firayim Minista na farko na Slovenia da ta yi murabus daga mukamin; murabus dinta ya fara aiki a ranar 8 ga Mayu.[5] A ranar 31 ga Mayu 2014 ta kafa jam'iyyarta Alliance of Alenka Bratušek (Zavezniš Alenke Bratušak; ''ZaAB''). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Predsednica vlade mag. Alenka Bratušek {{pipe}} Kabinet predsednika Vlade RS |url=http://www.kpv.gov.si/si/predsednica_vlade_alenka_bratusek/ |access-date=2014-05-04 |publisher=Kpv.gov.si}}</ref> A zaben da ya biyo baya a watan Yuli, ZaAB ta lashe kujeru hudu a Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa, ciki har da daya ga Bratušek.<ref>[http://pozitivnaslovenija.si/novice/item/657-pozitivno-slovenijo-vodi-mag-alenka-bratu%C5%A1ek Positive Slovenia is led by Alenka Bratušek] {{Webarchive}} (In Slovene: Pozitivno Slovenijo vodi mag. Alenka Bratušek), official website, news section, 17 January 2013</ref> === Hukumar Tarayyar Turai === A cikin kwanakinta na ƙarshe a matsayin Firayim Minista, Bratušek ta zabi kanta a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Hukumar Tarayyar Turai a karkashin Shugabancin Juncker, amma a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 2014, bayan sauraron tabbatarwa mai wuya a gaban Majalisar Tarayyar Tarayyar, an ki amincewa da zabenta, tare da 122 daga cikin kuri'u 135 da aka yi adawa da zaben ta.<ref name="index.hr"/> Firayim Ministan Slovenia Mirror Cerar ya zabi wani mai nema, ɗan kasuwa na Slovenia Violeta Bulc . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Predsednica vlade mag. Alenka Bratušek {{pipe}} Kabinet predsednika Vlade RS |url=http://www.kpv.gov.si/si/predsednica_vlade_alenka_bratusek/ |access-date=2014-05-04 |publisher=Kpv.gov.si}}</ref><ref>[http://pozitivnaslovenija.si/novice/item/657-pozitivno-slovenijo-vodi-mag-alenka-bratu%C5%A1ek Positive Slovenia is led by Alenka Bratušek] {{Webarchive}} (In Slovene: Pozitivno Slovenijo vodi mag. Alenka Bratušek), official website, news section, 17 January 2013</ref> == Rayuwar iyali == Bratušek tana zaune tare da abokin aikinta a Kranj . Tana da ɗa da 'yar. Ɗanta, Oskar Cvjetičanin, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma yana buga wa makarantar kimiyya ta Southampton . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Predsednica vlade mag. Alenka Bratušek {{pipe}} Kabinet predsednika Vlade RS |url=http://www.kpv.gov.si/si/predsednica_vlade_alenka_bratusek/ |access-date=2014-05-04 |publisher=Kpv.gov.si}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] oy72gzez5et6z11p9q772x4zpr7bk2a 0 134613 961643 959619 2026-10-02T01:54:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elias Kazantzoglou''' ( Greek ,{{IPA|el|iˈli.as kazanˈdzoɣlu|IPA}} ; Satumba 7, 1909 - Satumba 28, 2003), wanda aka sani da '''Elia Kazan''' / / ˈiː l iə kəˈzæn / EE -lee - ə EE ZAN ), {{Efn|Later in his life, he was known in Greece as {{lang|el|Ελία Καζάν}} {{IPA|el|eˈli.a kaˈzan|}}—a [[Transcription (linguistics)|transcription]] of his English name.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-28 |title=Ελία Καζάν, 28 Σεπτεμβρίου 2003 |url=https://www.ert.gr/ert-arxeio/elia-kazan-28-septemvrioy-2003/ |website=ert.gr |language=el}}</ref>}} daraktan fina-finai da wasan kwaikwayo ne na Girka-Amurka, furodusa, marubucin allo da kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ''[[New York Times|jaridar New York Times]]'' ta bayyana a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin daraktocin da suka fi daraja da tasiri a tarihin Broadway da Hollywood ". An haife shi a Constantinople (wanda yanzu ake kira Istanbul) ga iyayensa ' [[Helenawa na Cappadocia|yan Girka 'yan Cappadocia]], iyalinsa sun tafi Amurka a shekarar 1913. Bayan ya halarci Kwalejin Williams sannan kuma Makarantar Wasan Kwaikwayo ta Yale, ya yi aiki a fannin fasaha na tsawon shekaru takwas, daga baya ya shiga Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Rukunin a shekarar 1932, sannan ya kafa Kamfanin Actors Studio a shekarar 1947. Tare da Robert Lewis da Cheryl Crawford, ɗakin aikinsa na 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ya gabatar da " Method Acting " a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Lee Strasberg . Kazan ya yi rawar gani a wasu fina-finai, ciki har da ''City for Conquest'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Robert Osborne on Method Acting |url=https://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/282565 |access-date=October 3, 2017 |website=[[Turner Classic Movies|TCM]]}}</ref> Fina-finansa sun mayar da hankali kan batutuwan da suka shafi kansa ko na zamantakewa waɗanda suka fi damunsa. Kazan ya rubuta, "Ba na motsawa sai dai idan ina da tausayi game da jigon farko." Fim ɗinsa na farko mai suna "matsalar" shine ''Gentleman's Agreement'', tare da Gregory Peck, wanda ya yi magana game da ƙiyayya da Yahudawa a Amurka . Ta sami kyaututtuka takwas na Oscars da kuma nasarori uku, ciki har da kyautar farko ta Kazan don Mafi Kyawun Darakta . Sai kuma ''Pinky'', ɗaya daga cikin fina-finan farko da aka yi a Hollywood da suka magance wariyar launin fata ga 'yan Afirka . ''Fim ɗin A Streetcar Mai Suna Desire'', wanda aka yi shi a wasan kwaikwayo na mataki wanda shi ma ya ba da umarni, ya sami kyaututtuka goma sha biyu na Oscars, inda ya lashe huɗu, kuma shine rawar da Marlon Brando ya taka a matsayin gwarzo. Shekaru uku bayan haka, ya sake ba da umarni ga Brando a cikin fim ɗin ''On the Waterfront'', wani fim game da cin hanci da rashawa na ƙungiyar kwadago a bakin tekun New York. An kuma zaɓi 'yan wasa goma sha biyu a matsayin 'yan wasan Oscar, inda suka lashe kyaututtuka takwas. A shekarar 1955, ya ba da umarni a fim ɗin John Steinbeck mai suna ''East of Eden'', inda James Dean ya fito a fim ɗin. Wani muhimmin lokaci a rayuwar Kazan ya zo ne da shaidarsa a matsayin "shaida mai abokantaka" a gaban Kwamitin Ayyukan da ba na Amurka ba na Majalisar Wakilai (HUAC) a shekarar 1952 a lokacin da aka fi samun jerin sunayen 'yan wasan Hollywood da ke cikin jerin sunayen da ba a san su ba. Shawarar da ya yanke ta yin aiki tare da sanya sunayen mutane ta kawo masa mummunan martani daga abokai da abokan hulɗa da yawa. Shaidarsa mai tsauri da ke adawa da gurguzu "ta lalace ko ma ta lalata ayyukan tsoffin abokan aikinsa, Morris Carnovsky da Art Smith, dukkansu 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo Clifford Odets ". A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, Kazan ya rubuta cewa shi da Odets sun yi yarjejeniya a lokacin don su ambaci junansu a gaban kwamitin. {{Sfn|Kazan|1988}} Daga baya Kazan ya ba da hujjar ayyukansa ta hanyar cewa ya ɗauki "mafi dacewa daga cikin zaɓuɓɓuka biyu waɗanda ko dai suna da zafi kuma ba daidai ba ne". Kusan rabin ƙarni bayan haka, shaidarsa ta HUAC ta 1952 ta ci gaba da haifar da ce-ce-ku-ce. Lokacin da aka ba Kazan kyautar Oscar ta girmamawa a shekarar 1999, 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da dama sun zaɓi kada su yi tafi yayin da masu zanga-zanga 250 suka mamaye taron. Kazan ya yi tasiri a fina-finan shekarun 1950 da 1960 ta hanyar abubuwan da ya rubuta masu tayar da hankali da kuma waɗanda suka haifar da matsaloli. Darakta Stanley Kubrick ya kira shi "ba tare da wata shakka ba, mafi kyawun darakta da muke da shi a Amurka, [kuma] mai iya yin mu'ujizai tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da yake amfani da su". {{Rp|36}} Marubucin fina-finai Ian Freer ya kammala da cewa ko da "idan nasarorin da ya samu sun shafi cece-kuce na siyasa, bashin da Hollywood - da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a ko'ina - ke bin sa yana da yawa". Orson Welles ya ce "Kazan maci amana ne ... [amma] shi darakta ne mai kyau". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Warburton |first=Michael |date=25 January 2023 |title=When Orson Welles Denounced Elia Kazan as a Traitor for Giving Other Filmmakers' Names to Joe McCarthy (1982) |url=https://www.openculture.com/2023/01/when-orson-welles-denounced-elia-kazan-as-a-traitor-1982.html |publisher=Open Culture}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, [[Martin Scorsese]] ya jagoranci fim ɗin shirin gaskiya mai suna ''A Letter to Elia'' a matsayin girmamawa ga Kazan. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Kazan Elias Kazantzoglou a gundumar Chalcedon (yanzu Kadıköy ) ta Constantinople (yanzu Istanbul), ga iyayen [[Helenawa na Cappadocia|Girkawa 'yan Cappadocia]], asalinsu daga [[Kayseri]] a Anatolia . Sunan iyalin ya fito ne daga [[Turkanci]] ''Kazancı'' ( Ottoman Turkish ), ma'ana " [[Tukwane|mai yin tukunya]] ", da kuma ''oğlu'', sunan mahaifi ma'ana "ɗan [na]". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Turkish Patronymic Surnames Ending with -oğlu 'Son of |url=https://doaj.org/article/6304bcd3566246ce8dc753fd0040f457}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kalkan |first=Yüksel |date=2021 |title=A Legendary Director From Kayseri |url=https://www.kayseriviphaber.com/yazarlar/yuksel-kalkan/kayserili-efsane-bir-yonetmen/88/ |language=tr}}</ref> Ya isa Amurka tare da iyayensa, Athena ( née Shishmanoglou ) da George Kazantzoglou, a ranar 8 ga Yuli, 1913. <ref name="The National Herald 2020 u152">{{Cite web |date=December 14, 2020 |title=Elia Kazan's Granddaughter, Zoe Kazan Among NY Times Magazine's Best Performers of 2020 |url=https://www.thenationalherald.com/elia-kazans-granddaughter-zoe-kazan-among-ny-times-magazines-best-performers-of-2020/ |access-date=February 9, 2024 |website=The National Herald}}</ref> <ref name="Stein 2023 m003">{{Cite web |last=Stein |first=Harry |date=March 23, 2023 |title=Justice to Elia Kazan |url=https://www.city-journal.org/article/justice-to-elia-kazan |access-date=February 10, 2024 |website=City Journal}}</ref> An sanya masa suna ne bayan kakansa na uba, Elias Kazantzoglou. Kakansa na wajen uwa shine Isaak Shishmanoglou. An haifi ɗan'uwan Elia, Avraam, a Berlin kuma daga baya ya zama likitan tabin hankali. {{Rp|21}} An haifi Kazan a Cocin Orthodox na Girka kuma yana halartar ibadar Orthodox na Girka kowace Lahadi, inda dole ne ya tsaya na tsawon sa'o'i da yawa tare da mahaifinsa. Mahaifiyarsa ta karanta Littafi Mai Tsarki amma ba ta je coci ba. Lokacin da Kazan yake da kimanin shekara takwas, iyalinsa sun ƙaura zuwa New Rochelle, New York, kuma mahaifinsa ya tura shi makarantar Katolika ta [[Cocin katolika|katolika]] saboda babu cocin Orthodox a kusa. {{Sfn|Ciment|1974}} A lokacin da ya gana da mai shirya fina-finan Turkiyya Yılmaz Güney, an bayyana cewa ya kasance mai iya magana da [[Turkanci|harshen Turkiyya]] tun yana ƙarami. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-30 |title=Yılmaz Güney'in Türkiye'den kaçışının ilk kez anlatılan detayları! Canan Gerede: Bir Kırmızı Kalemi İkiye böldük... - Son Dakika Flaş Haberler |url=https://www.cnnturk.com/turkiye/yilmaz-guneyin-turkiyeden-kacisinin-ilk-kez-anlatilan-detaylari-canan-gerede-bir-kirmizi-kalemi-ikiye-bolduk-2291865 |access-date=2025-11-22 |website=CNN TÜRK |language=tr}}</ref> Tun yana ƙarami, ana tunawa da shi a matsayin mai jin kunya, kuma abokan karatunsa na kwaleji sun siffanta shi a matsayin mai kaɗaici. An nuna yawancin rayuwarsa ta farko a cikin littafin tarihin rayuwarsa, ''America America'', wanda ya mayar da shi fim a shekarar 1963 . A cikinsa, ya bayyana iyalansa a matsayin "waɗanda suka rabu" daga ɗabi'un iyayensu na Orthodox na Girka da kuma na "babban Amurka". {{Rp|23}}Iyalan mahaifiyarsa 'yan kasuwa ne na auduga waɗanda suka shigo da auduga daga Ingila suka sayar da ita a duk lokacin da suka ga dama. Mahaifinsa ya zama mai sayar da kafet bayan ya yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka, kuma yana tsammanin ɗansa zai karɓi ragamar kasuwancin iyalin wata rana. <ref name="Dornsife_article">{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Pamela J. |date=January 1, 2006 |title=A Great Filmmaker and a Complex Man |url=https://dornsife.usc.edu/news/stories/a-great-filmmaker-and-a-complex-man/ |publisher=USC Dornsife}}</ref> Bayan ya halarci makarantun gwamnati har zuwa makarantar sakandare, Kazan ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Williams da ke Massachusetts, inda ya taimaka wajen biyan kuɗinsa ta hanyar tebura da wanke kwanuka; har yanzu yana kammala ''karatunsa'' . Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai sayar da giya a ƙungiyoyi daban-daban amma bai taɓa shiga ɗaya ba. A lokacin da yake ɗalibi a Williams, ya sami laƙabin "Gadg" (don Gadget) saboda, a cewarsa, "Ni ƙarama ce, mai ƙaramin ƙarfi, kuma mai sauƙin amfani." Daga ƙarshe taurarin wasan kwaikwayo da fina-finai suka ɗauki laƙabin. A ''Amurka'', Kazan ya ba da labarin yadda da kuma dalilin da ya sa iyalinsa suka bar Turkiyya zuwa Amurka. Kazan ya lura cewa yawancin labarin ya fito ne daga labaran da ya ji tun yana ƙarami. Ya ce a lokacin wata hira cewa "duk gaskiya ne: an saka dukiyar iyalin a bayan jaki, kuma kawuna, wanda har yanzu yaro ne, ya tafi Istanbul ... don ya kawo iyalin a hankali don guje wa mawuyacin hali. ... Gaskiya ne cewa ya rasa kuɗin a hanya, kuma lokacin da ya isa can ya share kafet a cikin wani ƙaramin shago." Kazan ya lura da wasu daga cikin abubuwan da suka jawo ce-ce-ku-ce a cikin abin da ya saka a cikin fim ɗin: "Na kan ce wa kaina lokacin da nake yin fim ɗin cewa Amurka mafarki ne na cikakken 'yanci a kowane fanni." Domin ya fayyace ma'anarsa, jarumin da ya nuna kawun Kazan, Avraam, ya sumbaci ƙasa lokacin da ya shiga al'ada, yayin da Mutum-mutumin 'Yanci da tutar Amurka ke a baya. Kazan ta yi la'akari da ko irin wannan yanayin zai iya zama abin damuwa ga masu kallon Amurka: Kafin Kazan ya shiga ''Amurka'', Kazan yana son tabbatar da cikakkun bayanai game da tarihin iyalinsa. A wani lokaci, ya zaunar da iyayensa ya rubuta amsoshin tambayoyinsa. Ya tuna daga ƙarshe ya yi wa mahaifinsa "tambaya mai zurfi: 'Me yasa Amurka? Me kake fata? ' Mahaifiyarsa ta ba shi amsar: "AE ta kawo mu nan." Kazan ya ce " AE' kawuna ne Avraam Elia, wanda ya bar ƙauyen Anatolian da jakin. Yana da shekaru ashirin da takwas, ko ta yaya - wannan shine abin mamaki - ya tafi New York. Ya aika kuɗi gida kuma daga baya ya kawo mahaifina. Baba ya aika a kira mahaifiyata da ɗan'uwana da ni lokacin da nake ɗan shekara huɗu." {{Rp|219}}Kazan ya rubuta game da ''America America'', "Shi ne fim ɗin da na fi so a cikin dukkan fina-finan da na yi, fim ɗin farko da nawa ne gaba ɗaya." {{R|Kazan2}} == Sana'a == === 1930s: Aikin da aka yi a kan dandamali === [[File:Group-Theatre-1938.jpg|thumb| Kazan (layin baya, dama) tare da sauran membobin Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Rukunin a shekarar 1938]] A shekarar 1932, bayan ya shafe shekaru biyu a Makarantar Wasan Kwaikwayo ta Jami'ar Yale, ya koma birnin New York don zama ƙwararren ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a matakin mataki. Ya ci gaba da karatunsa na ƙwararru a Makarantar Juilliard, inda ya yi karatun waƙa tare da Lucia Dunham . Damar farko da ya samu ta zo ne da ƙaramin rukuni na 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da suka shiga gabatar da wasannin kwaikwayo da ke ɗauke da "sharhin zamantakewa". An kira su da Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Rukunin, wanda ya nuna wasannin kwaikwayo da yawa waɗanda ba a san su sosai ba tare da saƙonnin zamantakewa ko siyasa masu zurfi. Bayan ya yi fama da rashin samun karbuwa a gare su, ya gano ƙarfin tunaninsa na farko a Amurka a cikin "iyalin Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Rukunin, kuma mafi sassauci a cikin ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa da al'adu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na lokacin", in ji marubuciyar fina-finai Joanna E. Rapf. {{Rp|23}} A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, Kazan ya rubuta game da "tasirin da ya daɗe yana yi masa a cikin ƙungiyar", musamman Lee Strasberg da Harold Clurman a matsayin "babban mutum", tare da abotarsa ta kud da kud da marubucin wasan kwaikwayo Clifford Odets . A wata hira da Michel Ciment, Kazan ya bayyana Kungiyar: Kazan ya kuma yaba wa Strasberg a matsayin jagora mai muhimmanci na Ƙungiyar: Nasarar farko ta Kazan ta ƙasa ta zo ne a matsayin daraktan wasan kwaikwayo na New York. Duk da cewa da farko ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a kan dandamali, kuma tun farkon aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo ya gaya masa cewa ba shi da ƙwarewar yin wasan kwaikwayo, ya ba masu suka da yawa mamaki ta hanyar zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙungiyar. A shekarar 1935 ya taka rawar direban tasi mai jagorantar yajin aiki a wani wasan kwaikwayo na Clifford Odets, ''Waiting for Lefty'', kuma an kira wasan kwaikwayonsa "mai kuzari", wanda ya sa wasu suka yi masa lakabi da "ƙararrawa ta proletarian". {{Rp|23}}Daga cikin jigogin da za su gudana a dukkan ayyukansa akwai "warewa ta kai tsaye da kuma nuna rashin adalci a zamantakewa," in ji mai sukar fina-finai William Baer. <ref name="Kazan1" /> Sauran masu suka suma sun lura da "ƙarfin jajircewarsa ga tasirin wasan kwaikwayo na zamantakewa da zamantakewa - maimakon siyasa kawai". <ref name="Rapf" /> {{Rp|33}} A tsakiyar shekarun 1930, lokacin da yake da shekaru 26, Kazan ya fara jagorantar wasu wasannin kwaikwayo na Group Theatre, ciki har da sanannen wasan kwaikwayo na Robert Ardrey mai suna ''Thunder Rock'' . A shekarar 1942, ya sami nasararsa ta farko mai ban mamaki ta hanyar jagorantar wani wasan kwaikwayo na Thornton Wilder, ''The Skin of Our Teeth'', wanda Tallulah Bankhead da [[Fredric March]] suka fito a ciki. Wasan kwaikwayon, duk da cewa yana da ce-ce-ku-ce, ya kasance nasara mai mahimmanci da kasuwanci kuma ya lashe kyautar Pulitzer ta Wilder. Kazan ya lashe kyautar New York Drama Critics Award a matsayin Best Director da Bankhead a matsayin Best Actress. Daga nan Kazan ta ci gaba da ba da umarni ga ''Death of a Salesman'' ta Arthur Miller, sannan ta ba da umarni ga ''A Streetcar Mai Suna Desire'' ta Tennessee Williams, dukkansu sun yi nasara. Matar Kazan, Molly Thacher, mai karanta ƙungiyar, ta gano Williams kuma ta ba shi "kyauta da ta fara aikinsa". Hedikwatar wasan kwaikwayo na lokacin bazara ta ƙungiyar tana Pine Brook Country Club, wacce ke cikin ƙauyen Nichols, Connecticut, a shekarun 1930 da farkon 1940. Tare da Kazan akwai wasu masu fasaha da yawa, ciki har da Harry Morgan, John Garfield, Luise Rainer, Frances Farmer, Will Geer, Howard da Silva, Clifford Odets, Lee J. Cobb, da Irwin Shaw . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pinewood Lake website retrieved on 2010-09-10 |url=http://www.pinewoodlake.org/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727174723/http://www.pinewoodlake.org/ |archive-date=July 27, 2011 |access-date=September 12, 2010}}</ref> === 1940s: Ɗakin Shirye-shiryen 'Yan Wasan Kwaikwayo, fina-finan farko === A shekarar 1940, Kazan ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin ɗan daba mai sanye da kayan ƙawa a cikin fim ɗin ''City for Conquest'' mai suna James Cagney, Ann Sheridan, da Anthony Quinn . Tufafinsa masu salo amma masu kama da na raffish da [[Frank Sinatra]] ya kwafi bayan shekaru goma da rabi, kuma rawar da ya taka tana da tausayi da kuma ban mamaki. A shekarar 1947, ya kafa Actors Studio, wani taron bita mai zaman kansa, tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Robert Lewis da Cheryl Crawford . A shekarar 1951, Lee Strasberg ya zama daraktan fim ɗin bayan da Kazan ta tafi Hollywood don mayar da hankali kan aikinsa na daraktan fina-finai. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa kamfani mai zaman kansa. Strasberg ya gabatar da " Hanyar " ga Actors Studio, kalmar laima don tarin tsarin da suka dogara da koyarwar Konstantin Stanislavski . Makarantar "Hanyar" ta wasan kwaikwayo ta zama babbar tsarin Hollywood bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Daga cikin ɗaliban Strasberg akwai Montgomery Clift, Mildred Dunnock, Julie Harris, Karl Malden, Patricia Neal, Maureen Stapleton, Eli Wallach, da James Whitmore . Kazan ya jagoranci biyu daga cikin 'yan wasan Studio, Karl Malden da Marlon Brando, a cikin wasan Tennessee Williams mai suna ''A Streetcar Named Desire'' . Duk da cewa yana kan kololuwar nasararsa a kan dandamali, Kazan ya koma Hollywood don shirya fina-finai. Ya fara ba da umarni ga gajerun fina-finai guda biyu, amma fim ɗinsa na farko shine ''A Tree Grows in Brooklyn'', ɗaya daga cikin yunƙurinsa na farko na ɗaukar fina-finan wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya mayar da hankali kan abubuwan da suka shafi zamani, wanda daga baya ya zama ƙarfinsa. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, ya jagoranci ''Gentleman's Agreement'', inda ya yi magana game da wani batu da ba a cika tattaunawa a Amurka ba, wato ƙiyayya ga Yahudawa, wanda hakan ya sa ya lashe kyautar Oscar ta farko a matsayin Daraktan da ya fi kowa kyau. A shekarar 1947, ya jagoranci wasan kwaikwayo na kotu mai suna ''Boomerang!'' A shekarar 1949, ya sake yin tsokaci kan wani batu mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce lokacin da ya ba da umarni ''Pinky'', wanda ya binciki batutuwan [[Wariyar Launin Fata a Amurka|wariyar launin fata a Amurka]], kuma aka zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka uku na Academy Awards. === Shekarun 1950: Tashi zuwa matsayi === A shekarar 1950, Kazan ta ba da umarni ga ''fim ɗin Panic in the Streets'', inda Richard Widmark ya fito a matsayin jarumi, wani fim mai ban sha'awa da aka ɗauka a titunan [[New Orleans]] . A cikin wannan fim ɗin, Kazan ya yi gwaji da wani fim mai tsarin shirin gaskiya, wanda ya yi nasarar "ƙarfafa" yanayin wasan kwaikwayo. Ya lashe kyautar kasa da kasa ta bikin fina-finai na Venice a matsayin darakta, kuma fim din ya kuma lashe kyaututtuka biyu na Academy Awards. Kazan ya nemi Zero Mostel shi ma ya fito a fim ɗin, duk da cewa an "saka sunan Mostel a cikin jerin waɗanda ba a saka su a cikin jerin ba" sakamakon shaidar HUAC shekaru da suka gabata. Kazan ya rubuta game da shawararsa: A shekarar 1951, bayan gabatar da kuma ba da umarni ga Marlon Brando da Karl Malden a sigar wasan kwaikwayo, ya ci gaba da yin dukkan waɗannan a sigar fim ɗin, ''A Streetcar Named Desire'', wanda ya lashe kyaututtuka huɗu na Oscars kuma aka zaɓe shi a matsayin mutum goma sha biyu. Duk da waɗannan yabo, an ɗauki fim ɗin a matsayin koma baya, a fannin fina-finai, tare da jin daɗin wasan kwaikwayo na fim; kodayake Kazan da farko ya yi amfani da yanayi mai buɗewa, daga baya ya ji dole ya koma yanayin dandamali don ya kasance mai gaskiya ga rubutun. Ya bayyana: {{Blockquote|On "Streetcar" we worked very hard to open it up, and then went back to the play because we'd lost all the compression. In the play, these people were trapped in a room with each other. What I actually did was to make the set smaller. As the story progressed… the set got smaller and smaller.<ref name=Stevens /><ref name=Freer />}} Fim ɗin Kazan na gaba shine ''Viva Zapata!'' (1952), wanda kuma Marlon Brando ya fito a fim ɗin. A wannan karon, fim ɗin ya ƙara yanayi na gaske ta hanyar hotunan wurin da kuma ƙarfin halayen. Kazan ya kira wannan "fim ɗinsa na farko na gaske" saboda waɗannan abubuwan. A shekarar 1954, ya sake amfani da Brando a matsayin tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''On the Waterfront'' . A matsayin ci gaba da jigogi masu dacewa da zamantakewa da ya ƙirƙira a birnin New York, fim ɗin ya fallasa cin hanci da rashawa a cikin ƙungiyar mutanen da ke zaune a bakin teku na birnin. An kuma zaɓe shi don kyaututtuka goma sha biyu na Academy Awards, kuma ya lashe takwas, ciki har da Mafi Kyawun Fim, Mafi Kyawun Darakta, da Mafi Kyawun Jarumi ga Marlon Brando. ''A kan Waterfront'' kuma an fara nuna Eva Marie Saint a fim ɗin, wacce ta lashe kyautar Oscar a matsayin Jarumar Tallafi mafi kyau saboda rawar da ta taka. Saint ta tuna cewa Kazan ta zaɓe ta don wannan rawar bayan ta sanya ta yi wani wasan kwaikwayo na ban mamaki tare da Brando a matsayin ɗayan jarumar. Duk da haka, ba ta san cewa yana neman ya cike wani ɓangare na fim ɗin ba, amma ta tuna cewa Kazan ta shirya wannan yanayin tare da Brando, wanda ya haifar da motsin rai mai ban mamaki: Mujallar ''Life'' ta bayyana ''On the Waterfront'' a matsayin "fim mafi muni a shekarar" amma tare da "fina-finan soyayya mafi taushi na shekarar", kuma ta bayyana cewa Saint "sabon abu ne" a fina-finai. A cikin labarin murfin littafinsa game da Saint, ya yi hasashen cewa wataƙila zai zama kamar Edie a cikin ''On the Waterfront'' cewa "ta fara tafiyarta ta gaske zuwa shahara". Fim ɗin ya yi amfani da manyan hotunan tituna da kuma hotunan bakin teku, kuma ya nuna wani babban abin mamaki daga mawaƙi Leonard Bernstein . Bayan nasarar da aka samu a fim ɗin ''On the Waterfront'', ya ci gaba da jagorantar wani sabon salon rubutu na wani littafin John Steinbeck ''mai suna East of Eden'' (1955). A matsayin darakta, Kazan ya sake amfani da wani ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da ba a san shi ba, James Dean . Kazan ya ga Dean a kan dandamali a New York, kuma bayan an yi masa gwaji, ya ba shi rawar da ya taka tare da kwangila ta musamman da Warner Bros. Dean ya tashi zuwa Los Angeles tare da Kazan a shekarar 1954, wannan shi ne karo na farko da ya taɓa yin jirgin sama, yana ɗauke da tufafinsa a cikin jakar takarda mai launin ruwan kasa. Nasarar fim ɗin ta gabatar da James Dean ga duniya kuma ta tabbatar da shi a matsayin jarumi mai farin jini. Ya ci gaba da fitowa a fim ɗin ''Rebel Without a Cause'' (1955), wanda abokin Kazan Nicholas Ray ya ba da umarni, sannan kuma ''Giant'' (1956), wanda George Stevens ya ba da umarni. Marubuci Douglas Rathgeb ya ba da labarin wahalhalun da Kazan ta sha wajen mayar da Dean sabon tauraro, yana mai lura da yadda Dean ya kasance mutum mai jayayya a Warner Bros. tun lokacin da ya isa. Akwai jita-jita cewa "yana riƙe da bindiga mai lodi a cikin tirelar studio ɗinsa; cewa yana tuƙa babur ɗinsa cikin haɗari a kan titunan studio ko kuma a kan dandamalin sauti; cewa yana da abokai marasa daɗi da marasa daɗi." Sakamakon haka, an tilasta wa Kazan "tana kula da matashin jarumin a cikin tireloli gefe da gefe", don haka ba zai gudu ba yayin shirya fim ɗin. Julie Harris, wacce ta yi aiki a kan lokaci, ta yi aiki na tsawon lokaci don kwantar da hankalin Dean game da firgicin da ya yi. Gabaɗaya, Dean bai san hanyoyin Hollywood ba, kuma Rathgeb ya lura cewa "salonsa mai tsauri bai yi daidai da kayan aikin kamfanonin Hollywood ba". Dean ya yi mamakin rawar da ya taka a allon lokacin da daga baya ya kalli wani ɗan gajeren fim. Kazan ta gayyaci darakta Nicholas Ray zuwa wani shiri na sirri, tare da Dean, yayin da Ray ke neman wanda zai jagoranci shirin ''Rebel Without a Cause'' . Ray ya kalli rawar da Dean ya taka a allon, amma da alama ba zai yiwu ba a ce mutumin yana cikin ɗakin. Ray ya ji Dean yana jin kunya kuma yana da ja da baya gaba ɗaya, zaune yana jingina a kan kujera. "Dean da kansa bai yarda da hakan ba," in ji Rathgeb. "Ya kalli kansa da wani abin mamaki, kusan kamar matashi, kamar yana sha'awar wani." Fim ɗin ya kuma yi amfani da kyawawan wurare a wurin da kuma a waje, tare da amfani da tsarin farko mai faɗi, wanda hakan ya sanya fim ɗin ya zama ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan da Kazan ta fi yin fice. James Dean ya mutu a shekara mai zuwa, yana da shekaru 24, a wani hatsari da motarsa mai kimanin mil 200 a arewacin Los Angeles. Ya yi fina-finai uku kacal, kuma fim ɗin da ya kammala shi ne ''na Gabashin Eden'' . === 1960s: Ci gaba da aiki === [[File:Elia_Kazan_NYWTS_(cropped).jpg|thumb| Kazan a shekarar 1967]] A shekarar 1961, Kazan ta gabatar da Warren Beatty a matsayinsa na farko a cikin fim ɗin ''Splendor in the Grass'' (1961), tare da Natalie Wood ; an zaɓi fim ɗin don samun kyaututtuka biyu na Oscars kuma ya lashe ɗaya. Marubuci Peter Biskind ya nuna cewa Kazan "shine na farko a cikin jerin manyan daraktoci da Beatty ya nema, masu ba da shawara ko kuma uba waɗanda yake son koya daga gare su." Biskind ya kuma lura cewa "sun kasance ba su da kama da juna sosai - mai ba da shawara da mai kare su, darakta da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, baƙon baƙi da ɗan asalin ƙasar. Kazan yana da ƙarfin gwiwa da aka haifa daga tsufa da nasara, yayin da Beatty kusan yana jin daɗin girman kai na ƙuruciya." <ref name="Biskind" /> Daga baya Kazan ya rubuta ra'ayoyinsa game da Beatty: Biskind ya bayyana wani lamari a makon farko na daukar hoto, inda Beatty ya fusata da wani abu da Kazan ya ce: "Tauraron ya yi ihu a wurin da ya san Kazan ce mafi rauni, shaidar abokantaka ta daraktan a gaban HCUA. Ya yi sauri, 'Bari in tambaye ka wani abu—me yasa ka ambaci duk waɗannan sunayen? ' Beatty ya tuna da lamarin: "A wani yunƙurin kishin ƙasa na tsayawa tsayin daka ga babban Kazan, na ƙalubalance shi da girman kai da wauta." Biskind ya ba da labarin yadda "Kazan ya kama hannunsa, yana tambaya, 'Me ka ce?' sannan ya ja shi zuwa wani ƙaramin ɗakin shiryawa{{Spaces}}... sai daraktan ya ci gaba da kare kansa na tsawon awanni <ref name="Biskind" /> Bayan shekaru, Beatty, a lokacin bikin tunawa da Kazan na Kennedy Center, ya shaida wa masu sauraro cewa Kazan "ya ba shi mafi mahimmancin hutu a aikinsa". <ref name="Biskind" /> {{Rp|23}}Tauraruwar Beatty, Natalie Wood, tana cikin wani lokaci na canji a aikinta, inda aka fi yin ta tun tana ƙarama ko matashiya, kuma yanzu tana fatan a saka ta a cikin manyan mukamai. Marubuciyar tarihin rayuwarta Suzanne Finstad ta lura cewa wani "sauyi" a rayuwarta a matsayinta na 'yar wasan kwaikwayo shine lokacin da ta kalli fim ɗin ''A Streetcar Mai Suna Desire'' : "Ta canza, cikin mamakin Kazan da kuma rawar da Vivien Leigh ta taka.{{Spaces}}... [wanda] ya zama abin koyi ga Natalie." {{Rp|107}}A shekarar 1961, bayan "jerin fina-finai marasa kyau, aikinta ya riga ya fara raguwa," in ji Rathgeb. {{Rp|199}}Kazan ya rubuta cewa "masu hikima" na al'ummar fim sun bayyana ta a matsayin "marar kyau" a matsayinta na 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, duk da cewa har yanzu yana son yin hira da ita a fim ɗinsa na gaba: Kazan ta sanya ta a matsayin jagorar mata a cikin fim ɗin ''Splendor in the Grass'', kuma aikinta ya sake farfadowa. Finstad tana jin cewa duk da cewa Wood ba ta sami horo a fannin dabarun wasan kwaikwayo na Method ba, "yin aiki tare da Kazan ya kai ta ga mafi girman matakin motsin rai a cikin aikinta. Kwarewar ta kasance mai ban sha'awa amma abin mamaki ga Natalie, wacce ta fuskanci aljanunta a wasan ''Splendor'' ." {{Rp|259}}Ta ƙara da cewa wani yanayi a cikin fim ɗin, sakamakon "sihiri na Kazan"{{Spaces}}... ta haifar da wani yanayi mai ban tsoro a cikin Natalie wanda wataƙila shine lokacinta mafi ƙarfi a matsayinta na 'yar wasan kwaikwayo." <ref name="Finstad" /> {{Rp|260}}Jarumi Gary Lockwood, wanda shi ma ya fito a fim ɗin, ya ji cewa "Kazan da Natalie aure ne mai kyau, domin kuna da wannan kyakkyawar yarinya, kuma kuna da wanda zai iya taimaka mata." Fim ɗin da Kazan ta fi so a fim ɗin shine na ƙarshe, lokacin da Wood ya koma don ganin Bud (Beatty) da ta rasa soyayyarta ta farko. Kazan ya tuna: "Yana da matukar tada min hankali. Har yanzu ina son sa idan na gan shi. Kuma tabbas ban buƙatar gaya mata yadda ake yin sa ba. Ta fahimce shi sosai." <ref name="Finstad" /> {{Rp|263}}Kazan ya rubuta littattafai a ƙarshen shekarun 1960, inda ya mayar da biyu zuwa fina-finai: ''America America'', bisa ga [[America, America (novel)|littafinsa na rabin tarihin rayuwa na 1962]] wanda ya dogara ne akan abubuwan da kawunsa ya fuskanta a lokacin kisan kiyashin Hamidian na 1896, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Administrator |title=America America |url=https://www.greek-genocide.net/index.php/bibliography/books/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.greek-genocide.net%2Findex.php%2Fbibliography%2Fbooks%2Famerica-america |access-date=2026-05-01 |website=Greek Genocide Resource Center}}</ref> da kuma ''The Arrangement'' wanda ya dogara ne akan littafinsa na 1967 mai suna iri ɗaya . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Kennedy Center - Honorees |url=https://www.kennedy-center.org/artists/k/ka-kn/elia-kazan/ |access-date=May 1, 2026 |website=The Kennedy Center}}</ref> ''Amurka, Amurka'' sun sami nasarar lashe kyautar Oscar ta ƙarshe a Kazan a matsayin Daraktan da ya fi kowa kyau. === 1970s: Aikin da aka yi daga baya === Kazan ya yi fina-finai biyu na ƙarshe a shekarun 1970, waɗanda suka fara da ''The Visitors'' a shekarar 1972, wanda babban ɗansa Chris Kazan ya rubuta kuma aka ɗauki shi gaba ɗaya a kan film ɗin 16mm. Fim ɗin mai ƙarancin kuɗi ya ƙunshi jarumai biyar kacal kuma an ɗauki hotonsa gaba ɗaya a gidan ƙauye na Kazan yana aiki tare da ma'aikatan jirgin guda huɗu, kuma yana bincika Yaƙin Vietnam da zaluncin da aka yi a lokacin yaƙi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hemphill |first=Jim |date=2024-11-22 |title=A New Blu-ray of Elia Kazan's Most Obscure Film Offers a Tantalizing Glimpse of What Could've Been |url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/commentary/elia-kazan-the-visitors-finally-comes-bluray-1235068966/ |access-date=2026-05-01 |website=IndieWire}}</ref> Ya ci gaba da tsarinsa na yin fina-finai masu labarai masu rikitarwa da iyakoki a fim ɗinsa na ƙarshe a shekarar 1976, ''The Last Tycoon'', wanda ya dogara ne akan littafin da ba a gama ba na F. Scott Fitzgerald. Tare da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ciki har da [[Robert De Niro]], Robert Mitchum, Jack Nicholson, Tony Curtis, da Jeanne Moreau, Kazan ya bayyana fassararsa ta ''The Last Tycoon'' a matsayin ra'ayinsa game da Hollywood. == Masu haɗin gwiwa == An san Kazan da haɗin gwiwa sosai da marubutan allo. A Broadway, ya yi aiki tare da Arthur Miller, Tennessee Williams, da William Inge ; a cikin fim, ya sake yin aiki tare da Willams ( ''A Streetcar Named Desire'' da ''Baby Doll'' ), Inge ( ''Splendor in the Grass'' ), Budd Schulberg ( ''On the Waterfront'' da ''A Face in the Crowd'' ), John Steinbeck ( ''Viva Zapata!'' ), da Harold Pinter ( ''The Last Tycoon'' ). A matsayinsa na mutum mai tasiri a cikin ayyukan marubuta mafi kyau na zamaninsa, "yakan yi mu'amala da su da ayyukansu da girmamawa sosai." A shekarar 2009, an fitar da wani fim da Williams bai shirya ba a baya, ''mai suna The Loss of a Teardrop Diamond'', a matsayin fim. Williams ya rubuta fim ɗin musamman don Kazan don ya ba da umarni a shekarun 1950. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ng |first=David |date=November 25, 2009 |title=Unproduced Tennessee Williams screenplay finally reaching movie theaters |url=https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/culturemonster/2009/11/unproduced-tennessee-williams-screenplay-finally-reaching-screens.html |website=Culture Monster |type=blog |via=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> Daga cikin sauran fina-finan Kazan akwai ''Panic in the Streets'' (1950), ''East of Eden'' (1955), ''Baby Doll'' (1956), ''Wild River'' (1960), da kuma ''The Last Tycoon'' (1976). Williams ya zama ɗaya daga cikin abokan Kazan mafi kusanci da aminci, kuma Kazan sau da yawa ya cire Williams daga "matsalar kirkire-kirkire" ta hanyar mayar da hankalinsa ga sabbin dabaru. A shekarar 1959, a cikin wata wasiƙa zuwa ga Kazan, ya rubuta, "Wata rana za ku san yadda nake daraja manyan abubuwan da kuka yi da aikina, yadda kuka ɗaukaka shi sama da ma'auninsa ta hanyar babbar baiwar ku." == Salon jagoranci == [[File:Seated-Splendor-Stevens.JPG|left|thumb| A kan saitin fim ɗin ''Splendor in the Grass'' (1961)]] === Fifiko ga 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da ba a san su ba === Kazan ya yi ƙoƙarin neman "gaskiya ta hanyar sinima", wani hali da ya saba samu ta hanyar gano da aiki tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da ba a san su ba, waɗanda da yawa daga cikinsu suka ɗauke shi a matsayin mai ba su shawara, wanda hakan ya ba shi sassaucin bayyana "gaskiya ta zamantakewa tare da daidaito da ƙarfi mai haske". Ya kuma ji cewa yin fim ɗin da ya dace ya haifar da kashi 90% na nasarar ko gazawar fim. Sakamakon ƙoƙarinsa, ya kuma bai wa jarumai kamar Lee Remick, Jo Van Fleet, Warren Beatty, Andy Griffith, Eva Marie Saint, James Dean da Jack Palace manyan rawar da suka taka a fim. Ya bayyana wa darakta kuma furodusa George Stevens Jr. cewa yana jin cewa "manyan taurari ba su da horo sosai ko kuma ba su da horo sosai. Suna kuma da munanan halaye.{{Spaces}}... ba za su iya jurewa ba kuma." Kazan ya kuma bayyana yadda da kuma dalilin da ya sa yake sanin 'yan wasansa a matakin kashin kansa: {{Blockquote|Now what I try to do is get to know them very well. I take them to dinner. I talk to them. I meet their wives. I find out what the hell the human material is that I'm dealing with, so that by the time I take an unknown he's not an unknown to me.<ref name=Stevens/>}} Misali, Kazan ya tuna a lokacin wata hira da ya yi da shi yadda ya fahimci James Dean: {{Blockquote|When I met him he said, "I'll take you for a ride on my motorbike{{nbsp}}..." It was his way of communicating with me, saying "I hope you like me,{{nbsp}}..." I thought he was an extreme grotesque of a boy, a twisted boy. As I got to know his father, as I got to know about his family, I learned that he had been, in fact, twisted by the denial of love{{nbsp}}... I went to [[Jack L. Warner|Jack Warner]] and told him I wanted to use an absolutely unknown boy. Jack was a crapshooter of the first order, and said, "Go ahead."<ref name=Stevens/>}} === Batutuwan da suka shafi gaskiyar mutum da ta zamantakewa === Kazan ya zaɓi mutanensa don bayyana abubuwan da suka faru na sirri da na zamantakewa waɗanda ya saba da su. Ya bayyana tsarin tunaninsa kafin ya ɗauki wani aiki: {{Blockquote|I don't move unless I have some empathy with the basic theme. In some way the channel of the film should also be in my own life. I start with an instinct. With ''East of Eden''{{nbsp}}... it's really the story of my father and me, and I didn't realize it for a long time.{{nbsp}}... In some subtle or not-so-subtle way, every film is autobiographical. A thing in my life is expressed by the essence of the film. Then I know it experientially, not just mentally. I've got to feel that it's in some way about me, some way about my struggles, some way about my pain, my hopes.<ref name=Stevens />}} Masanin tarihin fina-finai Joanna E. Rapf ya lura cewa daga cikin hanyoyin da Kazan ke amfani da su a aikinsa da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo akwai yadda ya fara mayar da hankali kan "gaskiya", kodayake ba a bayyana salonsa a matsayin "naturalistic" ba. Ta ƙara da cewa: "Yana girmama rubutunsa, amma yana jefa kuma yana ba da umarni da wani takamaiman ido don yin aiki mai ma'ana da kuma amfani da abubuwa masu alama." {{Rp|33}}Kazan ya bayyana cewa "sai dai idan har halin yana cikin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, bai kamata ka jefa shi ba." <ref name="Rapf" /> {{Rp|33}}A shekarunsa na baya-bayan nan, ya canza ra'ayinsa game da wasu daga cikin falsafar da ke bayan Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Rukunin, domin bai sake jin cewa gidan wasan kwaikwayo "zane-zane na gama gari" ba ne, kamar yadda ya taɓa yi imani: Marubucin fina-finai Peter Biskind ya bayyana aikin Kazan a matsayin "wanda ya sadaukar da kai ga fasaha da siyasa, tare da siyasa tana ciyar da aikin gaba". {{Rp|22}}Duk da haka, Kazan ya rage wannan ra'ayi: Duk da haka, akwai sakwanni bayyanannu a wasu fina-finansa da suka shafi siyasa ta hanyoyi daban-daban. A shekarar 1954, ya ba da umarni a fim mai suna ''On the Waterfront'', wanda marubucin fina-finai Budd Schulberg ya rubuta, fim ne da ya yi magana game da cin hanci da rashawa a ƙungiyar kwadago a birnin New York. Wasu masu suka suna ɗaukarsa a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin manyan fina-finai a tarihin sinima na duniya". Wani fim ɗin siyasa kuma shi ne ''A Face in the Crowd'' (1957). Jarumin fim ɗinsa, wanda Andy Griffith ya taka (a fim ɗinsa na farko), ba ɗan siyasa ba ne, amma ba zato ba tsammani aikinsa ya shiga cikin siyasa sosai. A cewar marubucin fina-finai Harry Keyishian, Kazan da marubucin fina-finai Budd Schulberg suna amfani da fim ɗin don gargaɗin masu kallo game da haɗarin da sabuwar hanyar talabijin ke da shi. Kazan ya bayyana cewa shi da Schulberg suna ƙoƙarin yin gargaɗi game da "ƙarfin da talabijin zai samu a rayuwar siyasa ta ƙasar". Kazan ya ce, "Ku saurari abin da ɗan takarar ya ce; kada ku yarda da kyawunsa ko halayensa masu ƙarfafa gwiwa su ɗauke ku. Kada ku sayi tallan; ku sayi abin da ke cikin kunshin." === Amfani da hanyar "mai aiki" === A matsayinsa na samfurin Group Theatre and Actors Studio, an fi saninsa da amfani da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na "method", musamman Brando da Dean. A lokacin wata hira da aka yi da Kazan a shekarar 1988, ya ce, "Na yi duk abin da ya wajaba don samun kyakkyawan wasan kwaikwayo, ''gami da'' abin da ake kira wasan kwaikwayo na Hanyar. Na sa su yi gudu a wurin wasan, na yi musu tsawa, na kuma jawo kishi ga budurwarsu.{{Spaces}}... Daraktan ''dabba ce mai matuƙar wahala!''{{Spaces}}... Ba ka mu'amala da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar 'yar tsana ba. Kana mu'amala da su a matsayin mutanen da suke mawaka zuwa wani mataki." Ɗan wasan kwaikwayo [[Robert De Niro]] ya kira shi "gwani ne na wani sabon nau'in imani na tunani da ɗabi'a a wasan kwaikwayo". Kazan ya san iyakacin iyawarsa ta jagoranci: Kazan ya bayyana cewa ya yi ƙoƙarin zaburar da 'yan wasansa don su bayar da ra'ayoyi: Kazan yana da ra'ayoyi masu ƙarfi game da abubuwan da suka faru kuma yana ƙoƙarin haɗa shawarwarin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma yadda yake ji a zuciyarsa da nasa. Duk da ƙaƙƙarfan sha'awar batsa da aka ƙirƙira a cikin ''Baby Doll'', misali, ya sanya iyaka. Kafin ya ɗauki hoton wani abin da ya faru tsakanin Eli Wallach da Carroll Baker, ya tambayi Wallach a ɓoye, "Shin kana ganin da gaske kana lalata da wannan yarinyar?" Wallach ya rubuta, "Ban taɓa tunanin wannan tambayar ba a da, amma na amsa{{Spaces}}... 'A'a'." Kazan ya amsa, "Madalla da ra'ayi, yi wasa da shi ta wannan hanyar." Kazan, bayan shekaru da yawa, ya bayyana dalilinsa na yin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin wannan fim ɗin: {{Blockquote|What is erotic about sex to me is the seduction, not the act.{{nbsp}}... The scene on the swings (Eli Wallach and Carroll Baker) in ''Baby Doll'' is my exact idea of what eroticism in films should be.<ref>{{cite book |last=Young |first=Jeff |title=Kazan: The Master Director Discusses his films – Interviews with Elia Kazan |publisher=Newmarket Press |year=1999 |page=224}}</ref>}} === Kasancewar "daraktan wasan kwaikwayo" === [[File:A_Face_in_the_Crowd_publicity_photo_(Patricia_Neal_&_Andy_Griffith).jpg|right|thumb| Patricia Neal da Andy Griffith a cikin ''A Face in the Crowd'' (1957)]] Joanna Rapf ta ƙara da cewa Kazan ta fi yabawa saboda aikin da yake yi da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, tana mai cewa darakta Nicholas Ray ya ɗauke shi a matsayin "mafi kyawun daraktan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da Amurka ta taɓa samarwa". {{Rp|22}}Masanin tarihin fina-finai Foster Hirsch ya bayyana cewa "ya ƙirƙiri wani sabon salon wasan kwaikwayo, wanda shine salon Hanyar{{Spaces}}... [wanda] ya ba wa 'yan wasan kwaikwayo damar ƙirƙirar zurfin fahimtar tunanin mutum". Daga cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da suka bayyana Kazan a matsayin wani muhimmin tasiri a rayuwarsu akwai Patricia Neal, wacce ta fito tare da Andy Griffith a cikin ''fim ɗin A Face in the Crowd'' (1957): "Ya kasance mai kyau sosai. Ya kasance ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ya san yadda muke yin abubuwa. Zai zo ya yi magana da ku a ɓoye. Na ji daɗinsa sosai." Anthony Franciosa, wani jarumi mai goyon baya a fim ɗin, ya bayyana yadda Kazan ya ƙarfafa jarumansa: == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable" |+Siffofin da aka jagoranta ! Shekara ! Fim |- | 1945 | ''Bishiya Ta Girma A Brooklyn'' |- | rowspan="3" | 1947 | ''Tekun Ciyawa'' |- | ''Boomerang!'' |- | ''Yarjejeniyar Mutum'' |- | 1949 | ''Pinky'' |- | 1950 | ''Tsoro a Tituna'' |- | 1951 | ''Motar Titin Mai Suna Sha'awa'' |- | 1952 | ''Viva Zapata!'' |- | 1953 | ''Mutum a kan igiya mai ɗaurewa'' |- | 1954 | ''A gefen ruwa'' |- | 1955 | ''Gabashin Adnin'' |- | 1956 | ''<nowiki/>'Yar tsana ta jariri'' |- | 1957 | ''Fuska a Cikin Taron Jama'a'' |- | 1960 | ''Kogin Daji'' |- | 1961 | ''Kyakkyawar Ciyawa'' |- | 1963 | ''Amurka Amurka'' |- | 1969 | ''Tsarin'' |- | 1972 | ''Baƙi'' |- | 1976 | ''Babban Attajiri na Ƙarshe'' |- |} '''Shirin gaskiya''' * ''Mutanen Cumberland'' (1937) * ''Hasumiyar Tsaro Ta Gabatar da Gobe'' (1945) '''A matsayina na ɗan wasan kwaikwayo''' * ''Birnin Cin Nasara'' (1940) * ''Blues a cikin Dare'' (1941) == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Award !Category !Title !Results !Ref. |- |1947 | rowspan="8" |Academy Awards | rowspan="4" |Best Director |''Gentleman's Agreement''|| {{Won}} | rowspan="8" |<ref name="Elia Kazan - Awards">{{Cite web |title=Elia Kazan – Awards |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001415/awards?ref_=nm_awd |access-date=April 23, 2020 |website=[[Internet Movie Database]]}}</ref> |- |1951 |''A Streetcar Named Desire''|| {{Nom}} |- |1954 |''On the Waterfront''|| {{Won}} |- |1955 |''East of Eden''|| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |1963 |Best Picture | rowspan="3" |''America America''|| {{Nom}} |- |Best Director|| {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay|| {{Nom}} |- |1998 |Academy Honorary Award |Lifetime Achievement|| {{Won}} |- |1947 | rowspan="7" |Tony Awards | rowspan="3" |Best Direction |''All My Sons''|| {{Won}} | rowspan="7" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elia Kazan |url=https://www.playbill.com/person/elia-kazan-vault-0000015307 |access-date=April 23, 2020 |website=Playbill.com}}</ref> |- |1949 |''Death of a Salesman''|| {{Won}} |- |1956 |''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof''|| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |1958 |Best Play | rowspan="2" |''The Dark at the Top of the Stairs''|| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |Best Direction of a Play|| {{Nom}} |- |1959 |''J.B.''|| {{Won}} |- |1960 |''Sweet Bird of Youth''|| {{Nom}} |- |1948 | rowspan="4" |Golden Globe Awards | rowspan="4" |Best Motion Picture Director |''Gentleman's Agreement''|| {{Won}} | rowspan="4" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winners & Nominees – Elia Kazan |url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/person/elia-kazan |access-date=April 23, 2020 |website=goldenglobes.com}}</ref> |- |1954 |''On The Waterfront''|| {{Won}} |- |1956 |''Baby Doll''|| {{Won}} |- |1963 |''America America''|| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |1952 | rowspan="5" |British Academy Film Awards | rowspan="5" |Best Film |''A Streetcar Named Desire''|| {{Nom}} | rowspan="5" |<ref name="Elia Kazan - Awards" /> |- |''Viva Zapata!''|| {{Nom}} |- |1954 |''On the Waterfront''|| {{Nom}} |- |1955 |''East of Eden''|| {{Nom}} |- |1956 |''Baby Doll''|| {{Nom}} |- |1952 | rowspan="4" |Cannes Film Festival |Grand Prize of the Festival |''Viva Zapata!''|| {{Nom}} | rowspan="4" |<ref name="Elia Kazan - Awards" /> |- | rowspan="2" |1955 |Best Dramatic Film | rowspan="2" |''East of Eden''|| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |Palme d'Or|| {{Nom}} |- |1972 |''The Visitors''|| {{Nom}} |- |1953 | rowspan="3" |Berlin Film Festival | rowspan="2" |Golden Bear |''Man on a Tightrope''|| {{Nom}} |<ref name="Berlinale 1953">{{Cite web |title=1st Berlin International Film Festival: In Competition |url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1953/02_programm_1953/02_Programm_1952.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100202031630/http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1953/02_programm_1953/02_Programm_1952.html |archive-date=February 2, 2010 |access-date=December 22, 2009 |website=berlinale.de}}</ref> |- |1960 |''Wild River''|| {{Nom}} |<ref name="imdb:Wild River">{{Cite web |title=IMDB.com: Awards for Wild River |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0054476/awards |access-date=January 18, 2010 |website=imdb.com}}</ref> |- |1996 |Honorary Golden Bear|| {{N/a}} || {{Won}} |<ref name="Berlinale1996">{{Cite web |title=Berlinale: 1996 Prize Winners |url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1996/03_preistr_ger_1996/03_Preistraeger_1996.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630185658/https://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1996/03_preistr_ger_1996/03_Preistraeger_1996.html |archive-date=June 30, 2018 |access-date=January 1, 2012 |website=berlinale.de}}</ref> |- |1948 | rowspan="8" |Venice Film Festival | rowspan="2" |International Award |''Gentleman's Agreement''|| {{Nom}} | rowspan="8" |<ref name="Elia Kazan - Awards" /> |- |1950 | rowspan="2" |''Panic in the Streets''|| {{Nom}} |- |1950 | rowspan="2" |Golden Lion  || {{Won}} |- |1951 | rowspan="2" |''A Streetcar Named Desire''|| {{Nom}} |- |1951 |Special Jury Prize|| {{Won}} |- |1954 |Golden Lion | rowspan="3" |''On the Waterfront''|| {{Nom}} |- |1954 |Silver Lion|| {{Won}} |- |1955 |OCIC Award|| {{Won}} |- |} Baya ga waɗannan kyaututtuka, Kazan tana da tauraro a kan Hollywood Walk of Fame, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elia Kazan |url=https://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/elia-kazan/ |website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> wanda ke kan 6800 Hollywood Boulevard. <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 25, 2019 |title=Elia Kazan |url=https://walkoffame.com/elia-kazan/ |publisher=Hollywood Walk of Fame}}</ref> Ya kuma kasance memba na Hall of Fame na Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Theater Hall of Fame members |url=https://www.theaterhalloffame.org/members.html#K |access-date=2026-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118013544/https://www.theaterhalloffame.org/members.html#K |archive-date=2015-01-18 |url-status=dead}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+Godiya ga fina-finai na Kazan ! rowspan="2" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" |Hoton ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#aaaade;" |Kyautar Kwalejin ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#aa0;" |Kyautar BAFTA ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#fe1;" |Kyautar Golden Globe |- !Nominations !Nasara !Nominations !Nasara !Nominations !Nasara |- |1945 |''Itace Yana Girma a Brooklyn'' | align="center" |2 | align="center" |1 | | | | |- | rowspan="2" |1947 |''Boomerang'' | align="center" |1 | | | | | |- |''Yarjejeniyar Mutum'' | align="center" |8 | align="center" |3 | | | align="center" |3 | align="center" |3 |- |1949 |''Pinky'' | align="center" |3 | align="center" |3 | | | | |- |1950 |''Tsoro a kan tituna'' | align="center" |1 | align="center" |1 | | | | |- |1951 |''Wani titin da ake kira Desire'' | align="center" |12 | align="center" |4 | align="center" |2 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |3 | align="center" |1 |- |1952 |''Ka rayu Zapata!'' | align="center" |5 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |2 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |1 | |- |1954 |''A Gaban Ruwa'' | align="center" |12 | align="center" |8 | align="center" |3 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |4 | align="center" |4 |- |1955 |''Gabashin Adnin'' | align="center" |4 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |3 | | align="center" |1 | align="center" |1 |- |1956 |''Jaririyar yarinya'' | align="center" |4 | | align="center" |4 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |6 | align="center" |2 |- |1961 |''Farin ciki a cikin ciyawa'' | align="center" |2 | align="center" |1 | align="center" |1 | | align="center" |4 | align="center" |1 |- |1963 |''Amurka Amurka'' | align="center" |4 | align="center" |1 | | | align="center" |6 | align="center" |2 |- |1976 |''Mai Girma na Ƙarshe'' | align="center" |1 | | | | | |- ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#bcb5c3" |Jimillar !59 !24 !15 !4 !28 !14 |} A ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kazan, waɗannan jaruman sun sami kyaututtukan Oscar (da kyaututtuka) saboda rawar da suka taka a rawar da suka taka. {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Shekara ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Mai wasan kwaikwayo ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Fim din ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |- | colspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |'''Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Actor''' |- |1947 |Gregory Peck |''Yarjejeniyar Mutum''| {{Nom}} |- |1951 | rowspan="3" |Marlon Brando |''Wani titin da ake kira Desire''| {{Nom}} |- |1952 |''Ka rayu Zapata!''| {{Nom}} |- |1954 |''A Gaban Ruwa''| {{Won}} |- |1955 |James Dean |''Gabashin Adnin''| {{Nom}} |- | colspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |'''Kyautar Kwalejin don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau''' |- |1947 |Dorothy McGuire |''Yarjejeniyar Mutum''| {{Nom}} |- |1949 |Jeanne Crain |''Pinky''| {{Nom}} |- |1951 |Vivien Leigh |''Wani titin da ake kira Desire''| {{Won}} |- |1956 |Carroll Baker |''Jaririyar yarinya''| {{Nom}} |- |1961 |Natalie Wood |''Farin ciki a cikin ciyawa''| {{Nom}} |- | colspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |'''Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi Kyawun Mai Taimako''' |- |1945 |James Dunn |''Itace Yana Girma a Brooklyn''| {{Won}} |- |1951 |Karl Malden |''Wani titin da ake kira Desire''| {{Won}} |- |1952 |Anthony Quinn |''Ka rayu Zapata!''| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |1954 |Lee J. Cobb | rowspan="3" |''A Gaban Ruwa''| {{Nom}} |- |Karl Malden| {{Nom}} |- |Rod Steiger| {{Nom}} |- | colspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |'''Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi Kyawun Mataimakin''' |- | rowspan="2" |1947 |Celeste Holm | rowspan="2" |''Yarjejeniyar Mutum''| {{Won}} |- |Anne Revere| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |1949 |Ethel Barrymore | rowspan="2" |''Pinky''| {{Nom}} |- |Ethel Waters| {{Nom}} |- |1951 |Kim Hunter |''Wani titin da ake kira Desire''| {{Won}} |- |1954 |Eva Mary Mai Tsarki |''A Gaban Ruwa''| {{Won}} |- |1955 |Jo Van Fleet |''Gabashin Adnin''| {{Won}} |- |1956 |Mildred Dunnock |''Jaririyar yarinya''| {{Nom}} |} [[Rukuni:Matattun 2003]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1909]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cgrjcdg0fw46pp36teuvjvq6viq4v06 0 134887 961756 776892 2026-10-02T06:57:47Z BnHamid 12586 961756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Hayyim Saruq mai yiwuwa an haife shi a wani lokaci a farkon karni na sha shida a, ko kusa da Thessaloniki (Salonica) a Girka. Ba a samar da komai game da rayuwarsa ba har zuwa kwanan nan kamar yadda wasu masana tarihi na Yahudawa suka ɗauki aikin rubutawa game da muhimmancinsa a lokacin rayuwarsa.[1] Hayyim Saruq ya taka muhimmiyar rawa tsakanin siyasa daban-daban a Levant da Italiya, kuma a matsayin dan kasuwa ya taimaka wajen sake shigar da Yahudawa cikin Venice. Littafin Benjamin Arbel, Kasuwancin Kasuwanci: Yahudawa da Venetians a Gabashin Gabashin Gabas na zamani, yana nufin shi a cikin surori biyu da ke tattauna muhimmancinsa a duk yankin.[2] == Dubi kuma == * Tarihin Yahudawa a Turkiyya * Tarihin Yahudawa a Italiya == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} cjm2b7n7z8lwemzqyvugbektw5d5vgm 0 135389 961761 777847 2026-10-02T07:02:44Z BnHamid 12586 961761 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Leo Kalothetos''' (Girkanci, 1315-1363) ya kasance gwamnan lardin [[Daular Rumawa|Daular Byzantine]] . Kalothetos ɗan asalin Chios ne, inda aka ambaci shi a karo na farko a cikin shekara ta 1315.<ref name="PLP">PLP 10617</ref> At the time, the island was a [[Lordship of Chios|possession]] of the [[Republic of Genoa|Genoese]] [[Zaccaria]] family, who held it ''de jure'' as a fief from the [[Byzantine Emperor]], but practically as an independent domain.<ref>Nicol (1993), p. 171</ref> A wannan lokacin, tsibirin mallaka dangin Zaccaria ne na Genoese, waɗanda suka riƙe shi ''de jure'' a matsayin fief daga Sarkin sarakuna na Byzantine, amma kusan a matsayin yanki mai zaman kansa. A shekara ta 1328, Kalothetos ya tsere daga tsibirin kuma ya shiga cikin Sarkin sarakuna Andronikos III Palaiologos a Didymoteichon . Tare sun shirya dawo da Chios ta Byzantines. Tare da taimakon tawaye na jama'ar yankin da cin amanar Benedetto II Zaccaria, ɗan'uwan mai mulkin tsibirin Martino Zaccaria, jirgin ruwa na Byzantine ya sake dawo da tsibirin a cikin 1329. An kama Martino Zaccaria, kuma an sanya Kalothetos a matsayin sabon gwamnan tsibirin. <ref name="PLP" /> Kalothetos tsohon aboki ne na John Kantakouzenos, babban aboki da kuma babban mataimakin Andronikos III. Sakamakon haka, lokacin da yakin basasa tsakanin Kantakouzenos da regency na John V Palaiologos ya ɓarke, an kore shi ta hanyar umarnin Alexios Apokaukos kuma an maye gurbinsa da Caloiane Civo . [1] Ya gudu ya shiga Kantakouzenos, kuma an tabbatar da shi a cikin 1345 tare da matsayi na protosebastos, a matsayin wakilin megas stratopedarches John Vatatzes . [1] Ya sake bayyana a shekara ta 1349, lokacin da ya ga yarjejeniya tare da Jamhuriyar Venice a Constantinople . [1] Daga 1348 har zuwa 1363, an nada shi gwamna na Tsohon Phocaea . A shekara ta 1358, ya shiga cikin al'amarin yarima Ottoman (şehzade) Halil, wanda 'yan fashi na Girka suka kama shi kuma suka tsare shi a Phocaea a cikin bauta. Kalothetos ya ki amincewa da bukatun Sarkin sarakuna John V don sakin Halil, har sai da ya karɓi hyperpyra 100,000 a musayar.[1][2] A wannan lokacin, Kalothetos yana da matsayi na panhypersebastos . [1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kalothetos, Leo}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] mwx4s6ggeoftcnfubj6epm97qk9h8gi 961764 961761 2026-10-02T07:04:36Z BnHamid 12586 961764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Leo Kalothetos''' (Girkanci, 1315-1363) ya kasance gwamnan lardin [[Daular Rumawa|Daular Byzantine]] . Kalothetos ɗan asalin Chios ne, inda aka ambaci shi a karo na farko a cikin shekara ta 1315.<ref name="PLP">PLP 10617</ref> At the time, the island was a [[Lordship of Chios|possession]] of the [[Republic of Genoa|Genoese]] [[Zaccaria]] family, who held it ''de jure'' as a fief from the [[Byzantine Emperor]], but practically as an independent domain.<ref>Nicol (1993), p. 171</ref> A wannan lokacin, tsibirin mallaka dangin Zaccaria ne na Genoese, waɗanda suka riƙe shi ''de jure'' a matsayin fief daga Sarkin sarakuna na Byzantine, amma kusan a matsayin yanki mai zaman kansa. A shekara ta 1328, Kalothetos ya tsere daga tsibirin kuma ya shiga cikin Sarkin sarakuna Andronikos III Palaiologos a Didymoteichon . Tare sun shirya dawo da Chios ta Byzantines. Tare da taimakon tawaye na jama'ar yankin da cin amanar Benedetto II Zaccaria, ɗan'uwan mai mulkin tsibirin Martino Zaccaria, jirgin ruwa na Byzantine ya sake dawo da tsibirin a cikin 1329. An kama Martino Zaccaria, kuma an sanya Kalothetos a matsayin sabon gwamnan tsibirin. <ref name="PLP" /> Kalothetos tsohon aboki ne na John Kantakouzenos, babban aboki da kuma babban mataimakin Andronikos III. Sakamakon haka, lokacin da yakin basasa tsakanin Kantakouzenos da regency na John V Palaiologos ya ɓarke, an kore shi ta hanyar umarnin Alexios Apokaukos kuma an maye gurbinsa da Caloiane Civo . [1] Ya gudu ya shiga Kantakouzenos, kuma an tabbatar da shi a cikin 1345 tare da matsayi na protosebastos, a matsayin wakilin megas stratopedarches John Vatatzes . [1] Ya sake bayyana a shekara ta 1349, lokacin da ya ga yarjejeniya tare da Jamhuriyar Venice a Constantinople . [1] Daga 1348 har zuwa 1363, an nada shi gwamna na Tsohon Phocaea . A shekara ta 1358, ya shiga cikin al'amarin yarima Ottoman (şehzade) Halil, wanda 'yan fashi na Girka suka kama shi kuma suka tsare shi a Phocaea a cikin bauta. Kalothetos ya ki amincewa da bukatun Sarkin sarakuna John V don sakin Halil, har sai da ya karɓi hyperpyra 100,000 a musayar.<ref name="PLP"/><ref>Nicol (1993), p. 261</ref> A wannan lokacin, Kalothetos yana da matsayi na panhypersebastos. [1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} ==Madogara== * Nicol, Donald M. (1993) [1972]. The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453 (Second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43991-6. * Trapp, Erich; Walther, Rainer; Beyer, Hans-Veit; Sturm-Schnabl, Katja (1981). "10617. Καλόθετος Λέων". Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit (in German). Vol. 5. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. ISBN 3-7001-3003-1. {{DEFAULTSORT:Kalothetos, Leo}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] r65d75j3esb936mp20iv9xuzmje8q69 961766 961764 2026-10-02T07:07:02Z BnHamid 12586 961766 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Leo Kalothetos''' (Girkanci, 1315-1363) ya kasance gwamnan lardin [[Daular Rumawa|Daular Byzantine]] . Kalothetos ɗan asalin Chios ne, inda aka ambaci shi a karo na farko a cikin shekara ta 1315.<ref name="PLP">PLP 10617</ref> At the time, the island was a [[Lordship of Chios|possession]] of the [[Republic of Genoa|Genoese]] [[Zaccaria]] family, who held it ''de jure'' as a fief from the [[Byzantine Emperor]], but practically as an independent domain.<ref>Nicol (1993), p. 171</ref> A wannan lokacin, tsibirin mallaka dangin Zaccaria ne na Genoese, waɗanda suka riƙe shi ''de jure'' a matsayin fief daga Sarkin sarakuna na Byzantine, amma kusan a matsayin yanki mai zaman kansa. A shekara ta 1328, Kalothetos ya tsere daga tsibirin kuma ya shiga cikin Sarkin sarakuna Andronikos III Palaiologos a Didymoteichon . Tare sun shirya dawo da Chios ta Byzantines. Tare da taimakon tawaye na jama'ar yankin da cin amanar Benedetto II Zaccaria, ɗan'uwan mai mulkin tsibirin Martino Zaccaria, jirgin ruwa na Byzantine ya sake dawo da tsibirin a cikin 1329. An kama Martino Zaccaria, kuma an sanya Kalothetos a matsayin sabon gwamnan tsibirin.<ref name="PLP"/><ref>Nicol (1993), pp. 171–172</ref> Kalothetos tsohon aboki ne na John Kantakouzenos, babban aboki da kuma babban mataimakin Andronikos III. Sakamakon haka, lokacin da yakin basasa tsakanin Kantakouzenos da regency na John V Palaiologos ya ɓarke, an kore shi ta hanyar umarnin Alexios Apokaukos kuma an maye gurbinsa da Caloiane Civo.<ref name="PLP"/> Ya gudu ya shiga Kantakouzenos, kuma an tabbatar da shi a cikin 1345 tare da matsayi na protosebastos, a matsayin wakilin megas stratopedarches John Vatatzes.<ref name="PLP"/> Ya sake bayyana a shekara ta 1349, lokacin da ya ga yarjejeniya tare da Jamhuriyar Venice a Constantinople.<ref name="PLP"/> Daga 1348 har zuwa 1363, an nada shi gwamna na Tsohon Phocaea . A shekara ta 1358, ya shiga cikin al'amarin yarima Ottoman (şehzade) Halil, wanda 'yan fashi na Girka suka kama shi kuma suka tsare shi a Phocaea a cikin bauta. Kalothetos ya ki amincewa da bukatun Sarkin sarakuna John V don sakin Halil, har sai da ya karɓi hyperpyra 100,000 a musayar.<ref name="PLP"/><ref>Nicol (1993), p. 261</ref> A wannan lokacin, Kalothetos yana da matsayi na panhypersebastos.<ref name="PLP"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} ==Madogara== * Nicol, Donald M. (1993) [1972]. The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453 (Second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43991-6. * Trapp, Erich; Walther, Rainer; Beyer, Hans-Veit; Sturm-Schnabl, Katja (1981). "10617. Καλόθετος Λέων". Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit (in German). Vol. 5. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. ISBN 3-7001-3003-1. {{DEFAULTSORT:Kalothetos, Leo}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9yhg7zpfvlnl39ef76mc9irxsab9y1f 0 137153 961526 790386 2026-10-01T18:34:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Deidre Morag Airey''' QSM (9 ga Disamba 1926 - 16 ga Agusta 2002) ƙwararren mai zane ne a fannin yumbu a New Zealand. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Deidre Airey |url=https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/44 |access-date=13 June 2018 |publisher=Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dr Deirdre Airey QSM, MD |url=http://www.ceramicsnz.org/FeatureArticles/FeatureArticles_Display.cfm?FeaturesID=26 |access-date=13 June 2018 |publisher=Ceramics Association of New Zealand |archive-date=13 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613160542/http://www.ceramicsnz.org/FeatureArticles/FeatureArticles_Display.cfm?FeaturesID=26 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ayyukanta suna cikin tarin Gidan Tarihi na New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa . <ref name=":1" /> == Rayuwa == An haifi Airey a Christchurch a shekarar 1926, ga Willis Thomas Goodwin Airey, malamin jami'a, da kuma Isobel Lilian Airey (wanda aka haifa a Chadwick). <ref name=":0"/> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar 'Yan Mata ta Epsom da ke [[Auckland]], sannan ta halarci Makarantar Likitanci ta Jami'ar Otago Dunedin . <ref name=":0" /> Ta kammala karatun digiri na MB ChB a shekarar 1953, <ref>{{Cite web |title=NZ university graduates 1870–1961: A |url=http://shadowsoftime.co.nz/university1.html |access-date=13 June 2018 |website=Shadows of Time |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118063320/http://shadowsoftime.co.nz/university1.html |archive-date=18 January 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> kuma ta yi aikin likitanci a Auckland har zuwa lokacin da ta zauna a Coromandel a shekarar 1960, inda aka naɗa ta a matsayin mai kula da Asibitin Coromandel na ɗan lokaci. <ref name=":0" /> Kawar Airey Barry Brickell ta zaburar da ita ta fara aiki da yumbu, kuma ta fara gwada ƙirƙirar tayal ɗin taimako daga yumbun Coromandel na gida. An yi amfani da katako wajen ƙona tayal ɗin a Driving Creek Pottery, wanda ya haifar da bambance-bambance masu ban sha'awa a launi da gilashi, da kuma zane-zanen littattafai daga Linjilar Sabon Alkawari. Yawancin wuraren da ta yi suna a cikin yanayin yankin. [1] A bikin tunawa da ranar haihuwar Sarauniya ta shekarar 1979, an ba Airey lambar yabo ta Sarauniya don ayyukan gwamnati. <ref>{{DNZB|title=Airey, Willis Thomas Goodwin|first=Michael|last=Bassett|authorlink=Michael Bassett|id=4a6|accessdate=13 June 2018}}</ref> Airey ta mutu a ranar 16 ga Agusta 2002, kuma an binne ta a Makabartar Buffalo, Coromandel. <ref>{{DNZB|title=Airey, Willis Thomas Goodwin|first=Michael|last=Bassett|authorlink=Michael Bassett|id=4a6|accessdate=13 June 2018}}</ref> A shekara ta 2004, wasu gungun abokan Airey sun sanya wani baje kolin ayyukan Airey a Hauraki House da ke Coromandel. A shekara ta 2008, an nuna ayyukanta a Gidan Tarihi na Waikato . <ref>{{DNZB|title=Airey, Willis Thomas Goodwin|first=Michael|last=Bassett|authorlink=Michael Bassett|id=4a6|accessdate=13 June 2018}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2002]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1926]] 66rd8pse09trwyqhuvij72xu1enn8na 0 138349 961433 783210 2026-10-01T15:50:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961433 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dale Fuller''' na ɗaya daga cikin shugaban [[Software|Software na ƙarni na farko]] na [[Silicon Valley]], 'yan kasuwa da masu haɓakawa.<ref name="FB">{{Cite web |title=Dale Fuller |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/dale-fuller/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211065933/http://www.forbes.com/profile/dale-fuller/ |archive-date=2013-02-11 |access-date=January 11, 2013 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Ya ɗauki Wanene? Inc. jama'a, ya jagoranci sashen [[Apple]] na PowerBook zuwa riba kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin babban jami'in zartarwa da shugaban Borland Software Corporation. <ref name="FB" /><ref name="PRN">{{Cite web |date=October 11, 2006 |title=McAfee Board of Directors Names Dale L. Fuller Interim Chief Executive Officer and President |url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/mcafee-board-of-directors-names-dale-l-fuller-interim-chief-executive-officer-and-president-56431827.html |access-date=January 11, 2013 |via=[[PR Newswire]]}}</ref> Fuller shi ne shugaban kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa da kuma babban jami'in zartarwa a MokaFive Inc.<ref name="FB" /><ref name="PRN" /><ref name="BBW">{{Cite web |title=Dale Fuller: Executive Profile & Biography |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=171230&privcapId=27262435&previousCapId=27262435&previousTitle=moka5,%20Inc |access-date=January 11, 2013 |website=[[Bloomberg BusinessWeek]]}}{{Dead link|date=April 2023}}</ref><ref name="INF">{{Cite web |date=August 3, 2012 |title=Review: MokaFive's VDI tailors to BYOD |url=http://www.infoworld.com/d/virtualization/review-mokafives-vdi-tailors-byod-199265 |access-date=January 11, 2013 |website=[[InfoWorld]]}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Daga 1994 zuwa 1996, Fuller ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban kasa kuma janar manajan na Portable Computer Systems na NEC, yana motsa kwamfutocin littafin rubutu na NEC zuwa saman tsarin kwamfutoci da masana'antun. A lokacin da yake can, ya tsawaita jagorancin kamfanin a ci gaban kasuwa da turawa. A shekara ta 1996, Fuller ya koma Apple a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa da kuma janar manajan kamfanin PowerBook.<ref name="PRN"/><ref name="AP">{{Cite web |date=March 5, 2007 |title=McAfee taps DeWalt as CEO, president |url=http://www.boston.com/business/technology/articles/2007/03/05/mcafee_taps_dewalt_as_ceo_president/ |access-date=January 11, 2013 |website=[[Boston Globe]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180808171946/http://archive.boston.com/business/technology/articles/2007/03/05/mcafee_taps_dewalt_as_ceo_president/ |archive-date=August 8, 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="NYT">{{Cite web |last=Flynn, Laurie J. |date=October 12, 2006 |title=2 More Executives Resign Over Options |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/12/technology/12options.html?_r=0 |access-date=January 12, 2013 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Ya sake fasalin kuma ya dawo da ƙungiyar PowerBook mai wahala zuwa riba.<ref name="PRN" /> A cikin 1997 Fuller ya taimaka wajen bunkasa WhoWhere.com, angelfire.com, da Mailcity, [1] [2] wanda Lycos ta saya a cikin 1998. A cikin 1999, Fuller ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban rikon kwarya kuma Shugaba na Borland Software Corporation, wanda aka fi sani da Inprise . [3][4] Matsayin ya zama na dindindin a shekara ta 2000.[3][2] An kori Fuller daga Borland a shekara ta 2005 biyo bayan rashin ƙarfi na kwata-kwata.[4] McAfee Inc. ya nada Fuller a matsayin shugaban rikon kwarya kuma Shugaba a watan Janairun shekara ta 2006. Fuller ya maye gurbin George Samenuk da Kevin Weiss biyo bayan binciken ciki game da zaɓuɓɓuka na baya daga ayyukan kamfanin na farko a cikin 1996 zuwa 2003.[5][6][7] Fuller ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa watan Yulin 2007. [6][7] A shekara ta 2008, Fuller ya zama shugaban MokaFive da Shugaba.<ref name="FB"/> A cikin 2018, Fuller ya shiga Kwamitin Daraktoci na ComScore <ref>{{Cite web |title=Comscore Announces Board Changes |url=https://www.comscore.com/Insights/Press-Releases/2018/3/Comscore-Announces-Board-Changes |access-date=2021-01-13 |website=Comscore, Inc. |language=en}}</ref> [SCOR] da Symantec [SYMC]. == Takaddun shaida == * Bachelor of Science, Computer Science, Pacific College a 1980 <ref name="PR">{{Cite web |last=Reidman, Patricia |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Dale Fuller: WhoWhere? |url=http://adage.com/article/news/dale-fuller-whowhere/65660/ |access-date=January 12, 2013 |publisher=[[Advertising Age]]}}</ref> * Takardar shaidar zartarwa ta Gudanar da Kasuwanci, [[Jami'ar Stanford]], Kwalejin Gudanarwa a cikin 1994 <ref name="PR" /> * Dokta na girmamawa, Jami'ar Jihar St. Petersburg, Rasha <ref name="FB"/> * Shugaban, Bari Sun Ji Gidauniyar <ref name="BBW"/> * memba, Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Muhimman Magani Inc. * Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na SeeControl Inc. * Ƙungiyar Amirka ta Ilimin Artificial * Cibiyar Injiniyoyin Lantarki da Lantarki <ref name="BBW" /> * Mentor, Bootup Labs, Inc.<ref name="BBW" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] oz5ycbntdb80yaes37a8lc9jxcllef5 0 139747 961865 791237 2026-10-02T11:58:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961865 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Garrett Bradley (an haife ta a shekara ta 1986) ƙwararriyar mai shirya fina-finai ce ta Amurka kuma darakta a fina-finan gajeru, fina-finai masu kayatarwa, shirye-shiryen shirye-shirye, da talabijin. An san ta da haɗa nau'ikan fina-finai don bincika babban mahimmancin zamantakewa da siyasa na lokutan yau da kullun na rayuwar waɗanda abin ya shafa. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Bradley a birnin New York a shekarar 1986 <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Garrett Bradley {{!}} Artists |url=https://www.lissongallery.com/artists/garrett-bradley |access-date=2023-07-22 |website=Lisson Gallery |language=en}}</ref> ga masu zane-zane masu ban mamaki Suzanne McClelland da Peter Bradley . <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2020-10-15 |title=There's No Time Like the Present—or the Past—in Garrett Bradley's Mesmerizing Films |url=https://www.elle.com/culture/movies-tv/a34318470/garrett-bradley-time-interview/ |access-date=2023-07-23 |website=ELLE |language=en-US}}</ref> Iyayenta sun rabu lokacin da take da shekaru biyu. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Brennan |first=Matt |date=2015-04-22 |title=Garrett Bradley on Millennials, Making Films as a Woman of Color, and New Orleans-Set Debut 'Below Dreams' |url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/garrett-bradley-on-millennials-making-films-as-a-woman-of-color-and-new-orleans-set-debut-below-dreams-187930/ |access-date=2023-07-23 |website=IndieWire |language=en-US}}</ref> Tana da shekaru goma sha shida, Bradley ta yi fim ɗinta na farko, wanda ya haɗa da yin hira da iyayenta game da zane-zane, ɗayan iyaye, da kuma dalilin da ya sa suka sake su. <ref name=":4" /> Ga Bradley, wannan aikin fim na farko ya kasance dama ta yi wa iyayenta tambayoyi waɗanda "ba ta ji daɗin tambaya ba tare da kyamara ba." Ta sanya wa fim ɗin suna ''Be-Bop Fidelity'' kuma ta miƙa shi ga bikin fina-finai na Bridge wanda makarantar sakandare ta ke gudanarwa, Makarantar Abokan Brooklyn ; a can ne ta lashe kyautar fim ɗinta ta farko. <ref>{{Cite web |last=July |first=Beandrea |date=2020-10-16 |title='Time' Director Garrett Bradley on the Importance of Creative Community and Confronting the Idea of the Auteur - sundance.org |url=https://www.sundance.org/blogs/artist-spotlight/time-director-garrett-bradley-interview/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 27, 2014 |title=Brooklyn Friends School {{!}} Let Your Films Speak: The Bridge Film Festival,15 Years Young |url=https://brooklynfriends.org/let-your-films-speak-bridge-fi/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=en}}</ref> Bradley ta yi karatun addini a Kwalejin Smith, inda ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 2007, sannan ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin jagoranci a UCLA a shekarar 2012. <ref name=":5"/> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a Makarantar Zane da Zane ta Skowhegan . <ref name=":3"/> == Sana'a == Fim ɗinta na farko mai tsawon lokaci, ''Below Dreams'', ya fara fitowa a bikin Tribeca na 2014 kuma ya biyo bayan rayuwar mutane uku a baya-bayan nan daga arewa zuwa kudu, don neman sabon farawa. An san Bradley saboda salon waƙarta mai hade da salon shirya fina-finai wanda Bilge Ebiri na ''Mujallar New York'' ya bayyana a matsayin "kyakkyawa mai saurin konawa...mai kyau, kallo, kyakkyawa kuma game da ingancin rubutu da hotunan kamar yadda yake game da haɓaka hali ko rikicin aji." <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> An fitar da ''Below Dreams'' gaba ɗaya daga Craigslist ; hanyar da Bradley ya bi bayan rashin sa'ar yin aiki tare da daraktocin shirya fina-finai na gargajiya a New Orleans. <ref>{{Cite web |last=July |first=Beandrea |date=2020-10-16 |title='Time' Director Garrett Bradley on the Importance of Creative Community and Confronting the Idea of the Auteur - sundance.org |url=https://www.sundance.org/blogs/artist-spotlight/time-director-garrett-bradley-interview/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, Bradley ya kafa Creative Council tare, wani shiri na bayan makaranta wanda masu fasaha ke jagoranta wanda aka yi niyya don haɓaka manyan takardu na kwaleji da aikace-aikacen ɗalibai ga ɗaliban da ke halartar makarantun sakandare na gwamnati a New Orleans. Cibiyar Samun Bidiyo ta New Orleans (NOVAC) ta sami goyon bayan Majalisar Creative Council. A watan Oktoba na 2025, an ba Bradley kyautar MacArthur Foundation Fellowship, wacce aka fi sani da "Genius Award" ta Gidauniyar MacArthur. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> === Ayyuka Masu Muhimmanci === ==== ''Kai kaɗai'' ==== Fim ɗin Bradley mai tsawon mintuna 13 ''mai suna Alone'' (2017), kamar fim ɗinta na gaskiya, ''Time'', ya mayar da hankali kan ɗaurin kurkuku a Amurka daga abin da Bradley ya bayyana a matsayin "ra'ayin mata na Baƙar fata na kudu." <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Gajerun fina-finan sun ƙunshi Aloné Watts, wata matashiya da saurayinta (wanda aka yi magana a cikin fim ɗin Bradley na 2014 ''Below Dreams'' ) yake a kurkuku. Fim ɗin ya nuna rayuwar Watts ta yau da kullun yayin da take la'akari da makomarta tare da saurayinta; Fox Rich, jarumin ''Time'', ya fito a cikin gajeren fim ɗin. ''Alone'' ya fara fitowa a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2017 inda aka ba shi lambar yabo ta Short Form Jury Award a cikin labaran da ba na almara ba kuma [[New York Times]] OpDocs ta fitar da shi. <ref name=":6" /> A cikin 2021, an haɗa ''Alone'' a cikin ''Grief and Grievance: Art and Mourning in America'', wani baje kolin da Okwui Enwezor ya ƙirƙira don Sabon Gidan Tarihi . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Grief and Grievance: Art and Mourning in America |url=http://www.newmuseum.org/exhibitions/view/grief-and-grievance-art-and-mourning-in-america-1 |access-date=2023-07-22 |website=www.newmuseum.org |language=en}}</ref> ==== ''Amurka'' ==== Aikin Bradley na 2019, ''Amurka'', duka fim ne na tashoshi ɗaya da kuma shigarwa na tashoshi da yawa - wanda ya ƙunshi gyare-gyare guda biyu daban-daban. An fara sanya ''Amurka'' a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na New Orleans kuma an haɗa ta a cikin baje kolin yawon shakatawa na farko na Bradley, ''Garrett Bradley: American Rhapsody'', a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani Houston, wanda Rebecca Matalon ta shirya. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ''American Rhapsody'' ya kuma yi tafiya zuwa The Momentary, August Wilson African American Cultural Center, <ref>{{Cite web |last=July |first=Beandrea |date=2020-10-16 |title='Time' Director Garrett Bradley on the Importance of Creative Community and Confronting the Idea of the Auteur - sundance.org |url=https://www.sundance.org/blogs/artist-spotlight/time-director-garrett-bradley-interview/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=en-US}}</ref> da Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani, Los Angeles . <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 27, 2014 |title=Brooklyn Friends School {{!}} Let Your Films Speak: The Bridge Film Festival,15 Years Young |url=https://brooklynfriends.org/let-your-films-speak-bridge-fi/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=en}}</ref> ''Ayyuka: Garrett Bradley'' ya buɗe a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2020 a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani, kuma Thelma Golden da Legacy Russell ne suka shirya shi. Nunin ya kasance wani ɓangare na haɗin gwiwa na shekaru da yawa tsakanin Gidan Tarihi na Studio da ke Harlem, Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani da MoMA PS1. Roberta Smith ta ''jaridar The New York Times'' ta rubuta game da shirin "Ƙoƙarin Bradley mai girma ya ƙara sabon kuzari ga fasahar Post-Minimalism da kuma fasahar tsara hotuna ta hanyar amfani da hotuna .... An tsara ta da ƙarfin hali da saurin "Field Day," fim ɗin Bradley mai suna " ''America"'' ya sa mu cikin motsi, yana zagayawa a allon, yana bincika asalinsu, labarai da alamomin labaran da ke canzawa da lokutan da suke canzawa na waƙoƙin sauti da na fim. Ba tare da ambaton wasu abubuwan da suka wuce gona da iri ba: Shin wannan shirin yana amfani da tashoshi biyu, uku ko huɗu? Kuna tsammanin hotunan suna tafiya a cikin nau'i-nau'i biyu - musamman tunda ana iya ganin na'urori biyu kawai - amma ba zato ba tsammani, ba sa yi. A kowace hanya, wannan aikin abin bincike ne akai-akai. ''"'' Mai sukar fina-finai na ''Observer'' Simran Hans ya kira wannan gajeren fim mai suna "fim mafi asali" da ta gani a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2019, an zaɓe shi don kyautar fina-finai mai zaman kanta ta ƙungiyar fina-finai ta duniya kuma an sake shi a 2020 ta Field of Vision da The Criterion Channel. ''Amurka'' ta kafa sabon misali a matsayin ɗan gajeren fim a 2019 lokacin da aka ba shi sati guda a Brooklyn Academy of Music, ƙarƙashin taken ''Garrett Bradley's America: A Journey Through Time'' . An shirya shi tare da ayyukan da suka yi tasiri da wahayi da kuma sake duba fina-finan Bradley na baya. Masu jawabi da aka gayyata sun haɗa da Saidiya Hartman, Julie Dash, da RaMell Ross . Taron ya kasance tare da haɗin gwiwar Jami'ar New York "Black Portraiture: V Memory and the Archive Past. Present. Future." A cikin ''Jaridar New York Review of Books ,'' marubuciya Maya Binyam ta rubuta "Tun bayan fitowar ''Amurka'', Bradley ya shiga sahun masu zane-zane na tarihi, waɗanda masu suka da masu kula da su kan ce manufarsu ita ce gyara ga ƙarancin tarihin. Labarun da suka ƙunshi tarihi suna da iyakoki bayyanannu: suna barin mutane. A gefe guda kuma, kusan kowa yana ganin fasaha ba ta da iyaka, sai dai waɗanda suka yi ta, ba ta da iyaka. Don haka ana ba wa masu ƙirƙira aikin yin abin da cibiyoyin da ke ba da labari da adana tarihi da ake tsammanin ba za su iya yi ba: sauƙaƙe gyara. Aikin Bradley ya rage wannan tsammanin". <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 27, 2014 |title=Brooklyn Friends School {{!}} Let Your Films Speak: The Bridge Film Festival,15 Years Young |url=https://brooklynfriends.org/let-your-films-speak-bridge-fi/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=en}}</ref> ==== ''Lokaci'' ==== A shekarar 2020, Bradley ta gabatar da shirinta na farko mai tsawon lokaci, ''Time'', wanda aka zaba don kyaututtuka sama da 57 da nasarori ashirin, ciki har da nadin Academy Award, 2020 Peabody Award, da kuma kyautar darakta mafi kyau a gasar shirye-shiryen Amurka a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2020 . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> An kuma haɗa shirinta na farko a cikin jerin fina-finan [[Time (magazine)|''Time'' Magazine]] mai suna "25 Defining Works of the Black Renaissance," jerin fina-finan da Barack Obama ya fi so a shekarar 2020, da kuma "Hollywood Reporter Critics Pick the 50 Best Films of the 21st Century (So Forever)" na The Hollywood Reporter. <ref>{{Cite web |last=July |first=Beandrea |date=2020-10-16 |title='Time' Director Garrett Bradley on the Importance of Creative Community and Confronting the Idea of the Auteur - sundance.org |url=https://www.sundance.org/blogs/artist-spotlight/time-director-garrett-bradley-interview/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, [[Netflix]] ta fitar da ''Naomi Osaka'', wani shiri mai sassa uku wanda Bradley ya jagoranta. Shirin ya biyo bayan ƙwararren ɗan wasan tennis [[Naomi Osaka]] tsawon shekaru biyu a lokacin [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|annobar COVID-19]] ta 2020. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> An gudanar da ɗaukar fim a ko'ina cikin Amurka, Japan, Haiti da Ostiraliya. A lokacin ɗaukar fim ɗin, Bradley ta ba Osaka kyamarar daukar hoto don ɗaukar bidiyonta wanda aka yi amfani da shi a duk tsawon shirin. Wannan kallo ne a cikin rayuwar wata ƙwararriyar 'yar wasa da ke ƙoƙarin shawo kan matsin lambar zama tauraro a duniya. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A shekarar 2022, Bradley ta yi bikin baje kolin farko tare da Lisson Gallery . ''Safe'', ita ce ta biyu a cikin jerin fina-finai uku da suka haɗa da ''AKA'' . Waɗannan gajerun fina-finai suna bincika bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin rayuwar ciki da ta waje ta mata. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Garrett Bradley: Safe {{!}} Exhibitions |url=https://www.lissongallery.com/exhibitions/garrett-bradley |access-date=2023-07-22 |website=Lisson Gallery |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801150856/https://www.lissongallery.com/exhibitions/garrett-bradley |archive-date=2023-08-01 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Haka kuma, a shekarar 2022, Bradley da mai zane Arthur Jafa, sun yi aiki tare kan wani fim mai ''suna Negro, wani Lim-o'', wanda aka ba da umarnin a yi shi don baje kolin MoMA ''na Just Above Midtown: Changing Spaces'' . An samo wannan fim ne daga dangantakar mai zane da "JAM" kuma yana amfani da kayan tarihi na "JAM", tattaunawa, da kuma hotunan asali. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=VIA Art Fund {{!}} Garrett Bradley and Arthur Jafa: a Negro, a Lim-o (2022) |url=http://viaartfund.org/grants/garrett-bradley-and-arthur-jafa-a-negro-a-lim-o-2022/ |access-date=2023-07-22 |website=VIA Art Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> == Nunin kai kaɗai == ; 2023 * ''AKA'', COMA, Sydney, Ostiraliya <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ; 2022 * ''Garrett Bradley: Safe'', Lisson Gallery, London, Birtaniya <ref name=":2"/> * ''Garrett Bradley: American Rhapsody'', Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani, Los Angeles, CA * ''Garrett Bradley: American Rhapsody'', August Wilson Cibiyar Al'adu ta Baƙar fata ta Amurka, Pittsburgh, PA * ''Ayyuka 111: Garrett Bradley'', Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani, New York, NY ; 2021 * ''Garrett Bradley: American Rhapsody'', The Momentary, Bentonville, AR ; 2019 * ''Garrett Bradley: American Rhapsody'', Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani Houston, Houston, TX * ''Amurka ta Garrett Bradley: Tafiya Ta Tsare-Tsare da Lokaci'', BAM Rose Cinemas, New York, NY == Nunin rukuni == ; 2022 * ''Sama da Tsakiyar Gari: 1974 zuwa Yanzu'', Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Zamani, New York, NY <ref name=":1"/> * ''Nunin Gayyata na 2022 na Fasahar Kayayyaki'', Kwalejin Fasaha da Wasiku ta Amurka, New York, NY * ''Littafin Baya na Toni Morrison'', David Zwirner, New York, NY <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ; 2021 * ''Baƙin Ciki da Baƙin Ciki: Fasaha da Makoki a Amurka'', Sabon Gidan Tarihi, New York, NY <ref name=":0"/> * ''Iyali: Ra'ayoyi na Raba Dan Adam'', [[Gidan zane-zane na New South Wales|Gidan Tarihi na New South Wales]], Sydney, Ostiraliya ; 2020 * ''Cinque Monstre 2020: Haɗuwa'', Kwalejin Amurka ta Rome, Rome, Italiya ; 2019 * ''Shirin Neshat + Garrett Bradley'', The Broad @ Array, Los Angeles, CA * ''Jikunan Ilimi'', Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na New Orleans . New Orleans, LA * ''Whitney Biennial'', Gidan Tarihi na Whitney na Fasaha ta Amurka, New York, NY == Fim ɗin fim == '''Fim da talabijin''' {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Lakabi ! Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Mafarkai a ƙasa'' <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> | Fim ɗin Bradley na farko a bikin fina-finai na Tribeca na 2014 <ref>{{Cite web |last=July |first=Beandrea |date=2020-10-16 |title='Time' Director Garrett Bradley on the Importance of Creative Community and Confronting the Idea of the Auteur - sundance.org |url=https://www.sundance.org/blogs/artist-spotlight/time-director-garrett-bradley-interview/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=en-US}}</ref> |- | 2015 | ''Rufe Ni'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 27, 2014 |title=Brooklyn Friends School {{!}} Let Your Films Speak: The Bridge Film Festival,15 Years Young |url=https://brooklynfriends.org/let-your-films-speak-bridge-fi/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=en}}</ref> | Fasaha ta Prospect 3 a kowace shekara biyu |- | 2016 | ''Kamar'' <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> | Gajere |- | 2017 | ''Shi kaɗai'' | Kyautar Short Form Jury Award a cikin labaran da ba na almara ba a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2017; Mai fafatawa a gasar Oscar na 2017 (Jerin 'Yan Takaici) |- | 2017 | ''Sarauniyar Sugar'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=July |first=Beandrea |date=2020-10-16 |title='Time' Director Garrett Bradley on the Importance of Creative Community and Confronting the Idea of the Auteur - sundance.org |url=https://www.sundance.org/blogs/artist-spotlight/time-director-garrett-bradley-interview/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=en-US}}</ref> | Daraktan wani shiri, "Rayuwa a Duk Lokacin" <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> |- | 2018 | ''Duniya Tana Tafiya'' <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> | Takaitaccen shirin gaskiya |- | 2019 | ''Amurka'' <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> | Takaitaccen shirin fim <ref>{{Cite news |last=Muhammad |first=Ismail |date=2020-10-06 |title=A Filmmaker Who Sees Prison Life With Love and Complexity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/06/magazine/time-prison-documentary-garrett-bradley.html |access-date=2023-07-24 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> |- | 2019 | ''Idan Suka Gani Mu'' | Daraktan sashe na biyu, shirye-shirye 4 |- | 2019 | ''AKA'' | Shigar da Bidiyo a bikin Whitney Biennial na 2019 <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Whitney Biennial 2019 |url=https://whitney.org/exhibitions/2019-Biennial?section=11 |website=whitney.org}}</ref> |- | 2020 | ''Lokaci'' | Mafi kyawun Darakta a Gasar Fina-finai ta Amurka a bikin Fina-finai na Sundance na 2020<br /><br /><br /><br /> An Zaɓe Shi Don Kyautar Academy Award Don Mafi Kyawun Fim Din Takardu |- | 2021 | ''Naomi Osaka'' | An siya ta Netflix |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1986]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lfyfrapb6axvwpqjo6r7hjyvlhq787a 0 141370 961516 797686 2026-10-01T18:25:54Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi */ 961516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Halima Khatun''' (25 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1933 - 3 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018) 'yar gwagwarmayar Bangladesh ce, marubuciya kuma masanin kimiyya. Ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar yaren Bengali a 1952 tare da wasu masu fafutuka ciki har da [[Rawshan Ara Bachchu]] . Ta kasance mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Bangla Academy Literary Award a 1981 kuma bayan mutuwarta ta sami lambar yabo ta Ekushey Padak a 2019 . <ref>{{Cite web |script-title=bn:পুরস্কারপ্রাপ্তদের তালিকা |trans-title=Winners list |url=http://banglaacademy.org.bd/?page_id=1315 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801001043/http://banglaacademy.org.bd/?page_id=1315 |archive-date=1 August 2017 |access-date=23 August 2017 |publisher=Bangla Academy |language=bn}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwar ta. == An haifi Khatun a Bagerhat a Indiya ta Burtaniya ta lokacin ga Maulovi Abdur Rahman da Doulatunnesa . Ta kammala karatunta na biyu a fannin wallafe-wallafen Ingilishi daga Jami'ar Dhaka sannan daga baya a Bengali daga Jami'an Rajshahi . Ta sami digirinta na PhD a ilimi daga Jami'ar Arewacin Colorado a shekarar 1968. <ref name="veteran" /> == Ayyuka == Khatun ta fara aikin koyarwa a makarantar Khulna Coronation da Kwalejin 'yan mata ta RK . Daga baya ta shiga Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimi ta Jami'ar Dhaka har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1997. <ref name="dies" /> == Kyaututtuka == * Kyautar wallafe-wallafen Kwalejin Bangla (1981) * Kwalejin Shishu ta Bangladesh Sahitya Puraskar (1999) <ref name="veteran" /> * Anannya Top Ten Award (2005) * Ekushey Padak (2019) == Rayuwa ta mutum == 'Yar Khatun guda daya, Progga Laboni, sananniyar mai zane-zane ce kuma mai wallafa littafi. Yar uwarta, Suborna Mustafa, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] jj1scri0ucllpyqbwbcq5dle6v3hlc4 961517 961516 2026-10-01T18:26:20Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Tarihin Rayuwar ta. */ 961517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Halima Khatun''' (25 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1933 - 3 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018) 'yar gwagwarmayar Bangladesh ce, marubuciya kuma masanin kimiyya. Ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar yaren Bengali a 1952 tare da wasu masu fafutuka ciki har da [[Rawshan Ara Bachchu]] . Ta kasance mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Bangla Academy Literary Award a 1981 kuma bayan mutuwarta ta sami lambar yabo ta Ekushey Padak a Shekaran 2019 . <ref>{{Cite web |script-title=bn:পুরস্কারপ্রাপ্তদের তালিকা |trans-title=Winners list |url=http://banglaacademy.org.bd/?page_id=1315 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801001043/http://banglaacademy.org.bd/?page_id=1315 |archive-date=1 August 2017 |access-date=23 August 2017 |publisher=Bangla Academy |language=bn}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwar ta. == An haifi Khatun a Bagerhat a Indiya ta Burtaniya ta lokacin ga Maulovi Abdur Rahman da Doulatunnesa . Ta kammala karatunta na biyu a fannin wallafe-wallafen Ingilishi daga Jami'ar Dhaka sannan daga baya a Bengali daga Jami'an Rajshahi . Ta sami digirinta na PhD a ilimi daga Jami'ar Arewacin Colorado a shekarar 1968. <ref name="veteran" /> == Ayyuka == Khatun ta fara aikin koyarwa a makarantar Khulna Coronation da Kwalejin 'yan mata ta RK . Daga baya ta shiga Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimi ta Jami'ar Dhaka har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1997. <ref name="dies" /> == Kyaututtuka == * Kyautar wallafe-wallafen Kwalejin Bangla (1981) * Kwalejin Shishu ta Bangladesh Sahitya Puraskar (1999) <ref name="veteran" /> * Anannya Top Ten Award (2005) * Ekushey Padak (2019) == Rayuwa ta mutum == 'Yar Khatun guda daya, Progga Laboni, sananniyar mai zane-zane ce kuma mai wallafa littafi. Yar uwarta, Suborna Mustafa, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] nmvqpr37v9r7zur45d84jm1wvvbmfk8 961518 961517 2026-10-01T18:26:46Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Ayyuka */ 961518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Halima Khatun''' (25 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1933 - 3 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018) 'yar gwagwarmayar Bangladesh ce, marubuciya kuma masanin kimiyya. Ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar yaren Bengali a 1952 tare da wasu masu fafutuka ciki har da [[Rawshan Ara Bachchu]] . Ta kasance mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Bangla Academy Literary Award a 1981 kuma bayan mutuwarta ta sami lambar yabo ta Ekushey Padak a Shekaran 2019 . <ref>{{Cite web |script-title=bn:পুরস্কারপ্রাপ্তদের তালিকা |trans-title=Winners list |url=http://banglaacademy.org.bd/?page_id=1315 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801001043/http://banglaacademy.org.bd/?page_id=1315 |archive-date=1 August 2017 |access-date=23 August 2017 |publisher=Bangla Academy |language=bn}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwar ta. == An haifi Khatun a Bagerhat a kasar Indiya ta Burtaniya ta lokacin ga Maulovi Abdur Rahman da Doulatunnesa . Ta kammala karatunta na biyu a fannin wallafe-wallafen Ingilishi daga Jami'ar Dhaka sannan daga baya a Bengali daga Jami'an Rajshahi . Ta sami digirinta na PhD a ilimi daga Jami'ar Arewacin Colorado a shekarar 1968. <ref name="veteran" /> == Ayyuka == Khatun ta fara aikin koyarwa a makarantar Khulna Coronation da Kwalejin 'yan mata ta RK . Daga baya ta shiga Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimi ta Jami'ar Dhaka har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1997. <ref name="dies" /> == Kyaututtuka == * Kyautar wallafe-wallafen Kwalejin Bangla (1981) * Kwalejin Shishu ta Bangladesh Sahitya Puraskar (1999) <ref name="veteran" /> * Anannya Top Ten Award (2005) * Ekushey Padak (2019) == Rayuwa ta mutum == 'Yar Khatun guda daya, Progga Laboni, sananniyar mai zane-zane ce kuma mai wallafa littafi. Yar uwarta, Suborna Mustafa, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933]] jmtip9wact8swqvoksbnih8ql69m5h3 0 144437 961810 954506 2026-10-02T08:24:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Shepherd-vicinity_of_Naples.jpg|right|thumb|Taswirar filin Phlegraean ta 1911]] [[Fayil:Phlegraean_Fields_Relief_Map,_SRTM-1.jpg|thumb|Taswirar taswirar filin Phlegraean]] [[Fayil:Vesuvius_SRTM3.png|right|thumb|Taswirar taimako ta Tekun Naples tare da Filin Phlegraean da Dutsen Vesuvius]] [[Fayil:Pozzuoli_NASA_ISS004-E-5376_added_names.jpg|thumb|Hoton tauraron dan adam na Filin Phlegraean]] '''Filin Phlegraean''' ([[Italiyanci]]: ''Campi Flegrei''; [[Nepolitanci]]: ''Campe Flegree''; [[Harshen Latin|Latanci]]: ''Phlegraei campi''; [[Tsohon Girkanci]]: ''Φλεγραία Πεδία'') babban [[Dutsen Volcano|dutsen]] caldera ne mai aman wuta a yammacin [[Napoli|Naples]], [[Italiya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-21 |title=Questions About Supervolcanoes |url=https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/volcanoes/yellowstone/yellowstone_sub_page_49.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703184836/https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/volcanoes/yellowstone/yellowstone_sub_page_49.html |archive-date=3 July 2017 |access-date=2017-08-22 |website=Volcanic Hazards Program |publisher=[[USGS]] Yellowstone Volcano Observatory}}</ref> Fashewar Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (kimanin 12ka BP) ta samar da kimanin kilomita 50 kacal na cubic. <ref name="Scarpati et al">{{Cite journal |last=Scarpati |first=Claudio |last2=Cole |first2=Paul |last3=Perrotta |first3=Annamaria |date=1993 |title=The Neapolitan Yellow Tuff — A large volume multiphase eruption from Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy |url=https://archive.org/details/bulletin-of-volcanology_1993-07_55_5/page/343 |journal=Bulletin of Volcanology |volume=55 |issue=5 |pages=343–356 |bibcode=1993BVol...55..343S |doi=10.1007/BF00301145}}</ref> Duk da haka, ɗaya ne daga cikin ƙananan tsaunukan aman wuta da suka isa su samar da caldera . Yana cikin yankin tsaunukan aman wuta na Campanian, wanda ya haɗa da Dutsen Vesuvius, kimanin {{Convert|9|km|0}} gabas da Naples. Ana sa ido kan filayen Phlegraean ta hanyar Vesuvius Observatory . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Campi Flegrei - stato attuale |url=https://www.ov.ingv.it/index.php/flegrei-stato-attuale |access-date=11 November 2023 |publisher=Vesuvius Observatory}}</ref> An gina wani ɓangare na birnin Naples a kansa. Babban fashewar da aka sani a filayen Phlegraean yana da ƙimar fashewar aman wuta (VEI) na 7. Sau da yawa ana kiransa da babban dutsen mai ƙarfi a cikin kafofin watsa labarai masu shahara, kodayake ma'anar da aka yarda da ita don wannan kalmar ita ce dutsen mai aman wuta wanda ya sami fashewar VEI na 8, mafi girman matakin. {{Efn|Non-scientific media have described the area as a [[supervolcano]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Howard |first=Brian Clark |title=One of Earth's Most Dangerous Supervolcanoes Is Rumbling |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/supervolcano-campi-flegrei-stirs-under-naples-italy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210405175312/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/supervolcano-campi-flegrei-stirs-under-naples-italy |archive-date=April 5, 2021 |website=Nationalgeographc.com |date=22 December 2016 |publisher=National Geographic}}</ref> but it does not meet the criterion set by vulcanologists: an [[volcanic eruption|eruption]] with a [[volcanic explosivity index]] (VEI) of 8,<ref>{{cite journal |author=de Silva, Shanaka|title=Arc magmatism, calderas, and supervolcanos|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_geology_2008-08_36_8/page/671|journal=Geology|year=2008|volume=36|issue=8 |page=671 |doi=10.1130/focus082008.1 |bibcode=2008Geo....36..671D|doi-access=free}}</ref> the largest recorded value on the index. This means the volume of deposits for such an eruption is greater than {{convert|1,000|km3|mi3|abbr=off|sp=us}}}} Yankin caldera ya ƙunshi craters 24 da gine-ginen dutsen wuta. Yawancin su suna ƙarƙashin Tekun Naples. Akwai bayyanar gas a cikin rami na Solfatara, wanda aka yi imani a Roma ta dā shine gidan Vulcan, allahn wuta.<ref>{{Cite book|edition=Vladimír}}</ref> Yankin yana da abubuwan da suka faru na Bradyseismic, waɗanda suka fi bayyane a [[Pozzuoli]]" id="mwcQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Macellum of Pozzuoli">Macellum na Pozzuoli, wanda masu tonowa na ƙarni na 18 suka gano ba daidai ba a matsayin haikalin Serapis: ƙungiyoyin boreholes da molluscs na ruwa suka bari a kan ginshiƙan marmara sun nuna cewa matakin shafin dangane da matakin teku ya bambanta. Har yanzu ana iya lura da aikin hydrothermal a Lucrino, Agnano da garin Pozzuoli. A halin yanzu, yankin filayen Phlegraean ya ƙunshi gundumomin Naples na Agnano da Fuorigrotta, yankin Pozzuoli, Bacoli, Monte di Procida, Quarto, Tsibirin Phlegraean, Ischia, Procida da Vivara . Crater na Solfatara yana samuwa a kan ƙafa har zuwa 2017 kuma yana dauke da fumaroles masu yawa da ke fitar da tururi da kuma tafkuna sama da 150, a ƙididdigar ƙarshe, na laka mai tafasa. Ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da craters na tuff, wanda ya cika da Tafkin Avernus, suna cikin caldera. == Geochemistry == [[Fayil:Campi_Flegrei.JPG|right|thumb|Sulfur da fumaroles a cikin rami na SolfataraRamin Solfatara]] [[Magma]] da ke ƙarƙashin Filin Phlegraean yana samar da lavas na nau'o'i daban-daban amma gabaɗaya yana da wadataccen potassium. Trachyte shine samfurin fashewa na yau da kullun, mai wadataccen alkali a wasu lokuta. Peralkaline phonolitic trachyte da latite an kuma samar da su, kuma akwai trachybasalt mai wuya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Armienti |first=P. |last2=Barberi |first2=F. |last3=Bizojard |first3=H. |last4=Clocchiatti |first4=R. |last5=Innocenti |first5=F. |last6=Metrich |first6=N. |last7=Rosi |first7=M. |last8=Sbrana |first8=A. |date=September 1983 |title=The phlegraean fields: Magma evolution within a shallow chamber |journal=Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research |volume=17 |issue=1–4 |pages=289–311 |bibcode=1983JVGR...17..289A |doi=10.1016/0377-0273(83)90073-2}}</ref> == Matakan yanayin ƙasa == Ash a fadin yankin Bahar Rum shine shaida na babban fashewa shekaru 109,000 da suka gabata, wanda aka kira Maddaloni Eruption, ko X-6. Misali yana ba da ƙididdigar girman 7.6 da VEI 7, dan kadan kadan fiye da Ignimbrite na Campanian na kimanin shekaru 40,000 da suka gabata, yana mai da shi babban taron na biyu a tarihin fashewar Campi Flegrei . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fernandez |first=Giada |last2=Costa |first2=Antonio |last3=Giaccio |first3=Biagio |last4=Natale |first4=Jacopo |last5=Palladino |first5=Danilo M. |last6=Sottili |first6=Gianluca |date=15 January 2025 |title=The Maddaloni/X-6 eruption stands out as one of the major events during the Late Pleistocene at Campi Flegrei |journal=Communications Earth & Environment |volume=6 |issue=1 |bibcode=2025ComEE...6...27F |doi=10.1038/s43247-025-01998-8 |issn=2662-4435 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 February 2025 |title=One of the most powerful eruptions in the history of Campi Flegrei discovered |url=https://www.agenzianova.com/en/news/scoperta-una-delle-eruzioni-piu-potenti-della-storia-dei-campi-flegrei/ |publisher=Agenzia Nova}}</ref> An gane matakai uku na ilimin ƙasa ko lokutan da aka rarrabe su. * '''Lokacin Farko na Phlegraean''' . Ana tsammanin cewa fashewar dutsen mai aman wuta na Archiflegreo ya faru kimanin shekaru 39,280 ± 110 (kimanin shekaru sama da 37,000) da suka wuce, wanda ya fashe kimanin {{Convert|200|km3|cumi}} na magma ( {{Convert|500|km3|cumi}} girman girma) <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fisher |first=Richard V. |last2=Giovanni Orsi |last3=Michael Ort |last4=Grant Heiken |date=June 1993 |title=Mobility of a large-volume pyroclastic flow — emplacement of the Campanian ignimbrite, Italy |url=http://volcanology.geol.ucsb.edu/camptuff.htm |journal=Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research |volume=56 |issue=3 |pages=205–220 |bibcode=1993JVGR...56..205F |doi=10.1016/0377-0273(93)90017-L |url-access=subscription |access-date=2008-09-20}}</ref> don samar da [[Fashewar Ignimbrite na Campanian|fashewar Ignimbrite ta Campanian]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fedele |first=Francesco G. |display-authors=etal |year=2002 |title=Ecosystem Impact of the Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption in Late Pleistocene Europe |url=https://archive.org/details/quaternary-research_2002-05_57_3/page/420 |journal=Quaternary Research |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=420–424 |bibcode=2002QuRes..57..420F |doi=10.1006/qres.2002.2331 |s2cid=129476314}}</ref> Ma'aunin fashewar dutsen mai aman wuta (VEI) shine 7 kuma ya bar babban ɓangare na gabashin Turai a rufe da toka. : An yi imanin cewa sakamakon rikicin muhalli ya shafe duka Neanderthal na ƙarshe da kuma Homo Sapiens na farko na farkon Upper Paleolithic. Mutanen zamani sun sake mamaye Turai daga gabas bayan fashewar da kuma zamanin kankara wanda ya faru daga 38,000 zuwa 36,000 BC. : Yankin Phlegrean yana da bankunan piperno da pipernoid mai launin toka a tudun Camaldoli, kamar yadda yake a arewa da yammacin Dutsen Cumae; wasu kayayyaki masu zurfi sune waɗanda aka samo a Monte di Procida, waɗanda za'a iya ganewa a cikin tsaunuka na bakin tekun. * '''Zamanin Phlegraean na Biyu''', tsakanin shekaru 35,000 zuwa 10,500 da suka wuce. Wannan yana da alaƙa da launin rawaya na Neapolitan wanda shine ragowar wani babban dutsen mai aman wuta a ƙarƙashin ruwa, mai diamita na {{Circa|{{convert|15|km|mi|sigfig=2}}}} ; <ref name="Scarpati et al"/> Pozzuoli tana tsakiyarta. Kimanin shekaru 12,000 da suka gabata babban fashewar ƙarshe ta faru, ta samar da ƙaramin caldera a cikin babban caldera, tare da tsakiyarta inda garin Pozzuoli yake a yau. * '''Zamanin Phlegraean na Uku''', tsakanin shekaru 8,000 zuwa 500 da suka wuce. <ref name="brand" /> Wannan yana da alaƙa da farin pozzolana, kayan da ke samar da mafi yawan dutsen mai aman wuta a cikin filayen. A takaice dai, ana iya cewa akwai ayyukan farko a kudu maso yamma a yankin Bacoli da Baiae (shekaru 10,000-8,000 da suka wuce); ayyukan tsaka-tsaki a yankin da ke tsakanin Pozzuoli, {{Lang|it|Montagna Spaccata}} [Tsaunin Cleft] da Agnano (shekaru 8,000–3,900 da suka wuce); da kuma ayyukan da aka yi kwanan nan zuwa yamma, waɗanda suka samar da Tafkin Avernus da Monte Nuovo (Sabon Dutsen) (shekaru 3,800–500 da suka wuce). An kiyasta cewa dutsen argon yana da ƙarfin fashewa a cikin shekaru 315,000, 205,000, 157,000 da 18,000 da suka gabata. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2009)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Tun daga shekara ta 1500 === [[Fayil:Wutky-Fumarole.jpg|thumb|fumarole a filin Phlegraean . Hoton da Michael Wutky ya zana, shekarun 1780.]] [[Fayil:The_crater_of_Monte_Gauro_or_Barbaro_(right),_with_other_vol_Wellcome_V0025273.jpg|thumb|Crater na Dutsen Barbaro (dama), tare da wasu siffofin dutsen wuta a bango. Hoton launi na Pietro Fabris, 1776]] [[Fayil:Jacob_Philipp_Hackert_-_Campi_Flegrei_dai_Camaldoli.jpg|thumb|Hoton filin Phlegraean a cikin shekara ta 1797]] A cikin 1538, fashewar wuta ta kwana takwas a yankin ta ajiye isasshen kayan don ƙirƙirar sabon tudu, Monte Nuovo . Ya tashi kusan {{Convert|2|m|ft|0}} daga matakin ƙasa tun 1970. Tsibirin Ischia na dutsen wuta ya sha wahala daga girgizar ƙasa mai lalacewa uku a cikin 1828, 1881, kuma mafi lalacewa a cikin 1883, tare da girmansa 4.2-5.2 kuma ya haifar da girgizar bala'i da aka sanya XI (Extreme) a kan sikelin MCS. An bayar da rahoton mummunar lalacewa a tsibirin, kuma sama da mazauna 2,000 sun mutu.<ref name="Carlino">{{Cite journal |last=S. Carlino |last2=E. Cubellis |last3=A. Marturano |date=2010 |title=The catastrophic 1883 earthquake at the island of Ischia (southern Italy): macroseismic data and the role of geological conditions |journal=Natural Hazards |volume=52 |issue=231 |pages=231–247 |bibcode=2010NatHa..52..231C |doi=10.1007/s11069-009-9367-2 |s2cid=140602189 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Wani shahararren tashin hankali tsakanin 1982 da 1986 ya samar da mita 1.8 na tashin hankali da kuma girgizar ƙasa mai yawa <ref>{{Cite journal |last=De Siena |first=Luca |last2=Chiodini |first2=Giovanni |last3=Vilardo |first3=Giuseppe |last4=Del Pezzo |first4=Edoardo |last5=Castellano |first5=Mario |last6=Colombelli |first6=Simona |last7=Tisato |first7=Nicola |last8=Ventura |first8=Guido |date=2017 |title=Source and dynamics of a volcanic caldera unrest: Campi Flegrei, 1983–84 |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=7 |issue=1 |bibcode=2017NatSR...7.8099D |doi=10.1038/s41598-017-08192-7 |pmc=5556014 |pmid=28808286}}</ref> Wani labarin jarida na 2009 ya bayyana cewa lalacewar cibiyar caldera kusa da Pozzuoli na iya nuna wani fashewa a cikin shekaru da yawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Isaia |first=Roberto |last2=Marianelli |first2=Paola |last3=Sbrana |first3=Alessandro |year=2009 |title=Caldera unrest prior to intense volcanism in Campi Flegrei (Italy) at 4.0 ka B.P.: Implications for caldera dynamics and future eruptive scenarios |journal=[[Geophysical Research Letters]] |volume=36 |issue=L21303 |pages=L21303 |bibcode=2009GeoRL..3621303I |doi=10.1029/2009GL040513 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cikin 2012 Shirin Binciken Kimiyya na Duniya ya shirya don hako kilomita 3.5 (11,000 feet) a ƙasa da ƙasa kusa da Pompeii, don saka idanu kan babban ɗakin dutse mai narkewa a ƙasa da kuma samar da gargadi na farko game da duk wani fashewa. Masana kimiyya na cikin gida sun damu da cewa hakowa na iya haifar da fashewa ko girgizar ƙasa; masana kimiyya na shirin sun ce ba ya bambanta da hakowar masana'antu a yankin. An dakatar da hakowa a shekara ta 2010, amma daga baya aka sake dawowa. Wani labarin Reuters ya jaddada cewa yankin na iya samar da "babban dutsen wuta" wanda zai iya kashe miliyoyin mutane, amma bai ba da wata hujja ga da'awar ba. Wani binciken daga Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia ya ba da rahoton cewa tashin hankali na dutsen wuta na Campi Flegrei daga Janairu 2012 zuwa Yuni 201{{Convert|3|cm|inch|0}} an nuna shi da saurin hauhawar ƙasa na kimanin {{Convert|11|cm|inch|0}} in), tare da mafi girman kusan 3 in) a kowane wata a watan Disamba 2012. Ya kara da cewa daga 1985 zuwa 2011 ƙarfin haɓaka ƙasa galibi suna da alaƙa da tsarin hydrothermal na caldera, kuma wannan dangantakar ta rushe 2012. Hanyar tuki na hauhawar ƙasa ta canza zuwa wuri na lokaci-lokaci na magma a cikin wani tafkin magmatic mai siffar sill game da {{Convert|3000|m|ft|0}} a zurfi, {{Convert|500|m|ft|0}} kudu daga tashar jiragen ruwa na Pozzuoli . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=D'Auria |first=Luca |last2=Susi Pepe |last3=Raffaele Castaldo |last4=Flora Giudicepietro |last5=Giovanni Macedonio |last6=Patrizia Ricciolino |last7=Pietro Tizzani |last8=Francesco Casu |last9=Riccardo Lanari |last10=Mariarosaria Manzo |last11=Marcello Martini |last12=Eugenio Sansosti |last13=Ivana Zinno |year=2015 |title=Magma injection beneath the urban area of Naples: a new mechanism for the 2012–2013 volcanic unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=5 |bibcode=2015NatSR...513100D |doi=10.1038/srep13100 |pmc=4538569 |pmid=26279090}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2016, aikin ya zama mai girma sosai har aka ji tsoron fashewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Naples astride a rumbling mega-volcano |url=http://phys.org/news/2016-12-naples-astride-rumbling-mega-volcano.html}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2017, wani binciken da Kwalejin Jami'ar London da Vesuvius Observatory suka buga a cikin Nature Communications sun kammala cewa fashewar na iya zama kusa da yadda aka yi tunani a baya. Binciken ya gano cewa tashin hankali na ƙasa tun daga shekarun 1950 yana da tasiri mai yawa, yana haifar da haɓaka makamashi a cikin ɓawon burodi kuma yana sa dutsen ya fi sa ya fi saurin fashewa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Campi Flegrei volcano eruption possibly closer than thought |url=https://phys.org/news/2017-05-campi-flegrei-volcano-eruption-possibly.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2016 |title=One of World's Most Dangerous Supervolcanoes is Rumbling |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/12/supervolcano-campi-flegrei-stirs-under-naples-italy/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161223013751/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/12/supervolcano-campi-flegrei-stirs-under-naples-italy/ |archive-date=December 23, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2016 |title=One of the world's most terrifying supervolcanoes is showing signs of reawakening in Italy |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/supervolcano-naples-italy-eruption-dormant-reawaken-geologists-a7488806.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220526/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/supervolcano-naples-italy-eruption-dormant-reawaken-geologists-a7488806.html |archive-date=2022-05-26 |website=[[Independent.co.uk]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 May 2017 |title=Italian Supervolcano Could be Closer to Erupting Than Previously Thought |url=http://www.iflscience.com/environment/italian-supervolcano-is-far-closer-to-erupting-than-previously-thought/}}</ref> A ranar 21 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2017 an yi girgizar ƙasa mai girman 4 a gefen yammacin yankin Campi Flegrei . <ref>{{Cite web |title=M 4.3 - 5km NW of Monte di Procida, Italy |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us2000aaae#executive |publisher=USGS}}</ref> Mutane biyu sun mutu kuma mutane da yawa sun ji rauni a Casamicciola a arewacin tsibirin Ischia, wanda ke kudu da cibiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 August 2017 |title=Ischia earthquake: cheers go up as rescuers free third trapped brother |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/21/earthquake-strikes-italian-island-of-ischia-with-one-reported-dead |website=Guardian}}</ref> === Ayyuka tun daga 2020 === [[Fayil:Panorama_con_Cratere_degli_Astroni.jpg|thumb|Filin Phlegraean a cikin karni na 21]] [[Fayil:Il_Vero_disegno_in_svl_propio_lvogho_ritratto_del_infelice_paese_di_Posvolo_..._ali_29_de_Setenbre_1538.jpg|alt=A map of the Campania region depicting the 1538 eruption and Pozzuoli. 1 map ; 289 x 423 mm (neat line), 295 x 428 mm (plate mark). Forms part of the Franco Novacco Map Collection at the Newberry Library.|thumb|Taswirar yankin Campania da ke nuna fashewar 1538 da Pozzuoli. Daga tarin taswirar Franco Novacco a ɗakin karatu na Newberry .]] Dalilin girgizar ƙasa da ƙasa mai tasowa ba a san shi ba har zuwa 2023 . A cewar wani samfurin, wanda ake kira "model na magma mai zurfi" a cikin wani labarin Kimiyya na Amurka, magma yana turawa don karyawa ta farfajiyar, yana yin fashewar fashewa tare da yiwuwar gudana na magma. Koyaya hotunan girgizar ƙasa sun hana kasancewar babban jikin magma kusa da ƙasa. A cikin abin da aka kira samfurin ruwa mai zafi, tururi da iskar gas mai zafi da aka samar a sama da zurfin magma sune dalilin hauhawar farashi. A wannan yanayin aikin na iya tsayawa ba zato ba tsammani, ko kuma ya haifar da fashewar ruwa mai zafi, iskar gas da raguwar dutse, maimakon fashewar lava. Duk da yake yana da haɗari sosai, fashewar phreatic ba zai zama ƙasa da fashewar magma ba. Amsar wannan tambayar za ta inganta fahimtar yadda zai yiwu wannan dutsen mai fitattun wuta, da sauran manyan dutsen mai tsaunuka da manyan dutsen wuta, su tashi, da kuma alamun gargadi da za a duba. Wani rahoto na matsayin Fabrairu 2020 ya nuna cewa tashin hankali na duniya a kusa da Pozzuoli ya ci gaba da raguwa, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin 0.7 cm a kowane wata tun watan Yulin 2017. Gas da yanayin zafi ba su canza sosai ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 November 2019 |title=Campi Flegrei volcano (Italy) status report: no significant variations in activity |url=https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/campi-flegrei/news/92465/Campi-Flegrei-volcano-Italy-status-report-no-significant-variations-in-activity.html |website=www.volcanodiscovery.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 February 2020 |title=Campi Flegrei volcano (Italy) status report: continuing slow inflation |url=https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/campi-flegrei/news/99046/Campi-Flegrei-volcano-Italy-status-report-continuing-slow-inflation.html |website=www.volcanodiscovery.com}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2024 an ruwaito cewa ƙasa tana tashi da 2 cm a kowane wata, tare da karuwar adadin.&nbsp;&nbsp; A ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 2020, wani girgizar ƙasa mai matsakaici ya buge Campi Flegrei caldera, tare da kimanin girgizar kasa 34 da ke tsakanin girman 0 da girman 3.1 da ke kewaye da tashar jiragen ruwa na Pozzuoli. Girgizar kasa mafi karfi a cikin jerin ta kasance mai girma 3.1, mafi karfi a lokacin tun lokacin da aka yi babban tashin hankali da saurin tashi a 1982-1984. Koyaya, ba a bayar da rahoton sabbin fumaroles ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2020 |title=Campi-Flegrei-volcano-(Italy):Seismic swarm reported |url=https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/campi-flegrei/news/102615/Campi-Flegrei-volcano-Italy-Seismic-swarm-reported.html |website=www.volcanodiscovery.com}}</ref> An bayar da rahoton aikin dutsen wuta a watan Janairun 2022 don karuwa. A cikin shekara zuwa Satumba 2023, aikin girgizar ƙasa ya kara tsanantawa, musamman a cikin watanni masu zuwa. A ranar 27 ga Satumba 2023, girgizar kasa mai girman 4.2 - mafi karfi a cikin shekaru 40 - ya haifar da shirye-shiryen gaggawa don kwashe mutane 360,000 a yankin. Duk da ƙarin girgizar ƙasa ta 4.0 a ranar 2 ga Oktoba, yawancin masu ilimin dutsen wuta suna la'akari da cewa ba a sa ran babban fashewa nan da nan. Wani yanayi mafi kyau na tashin hankali na baya-bayan nan an dauke shi aikin da ya ƙare, kamar yadda ya faru bayan aiki da yawa a cikin shekarun 1980. Mafi muni zai zama fashewar dutse kamar fashewar Monte Nuovo na 1538 ko babban fashewar phreatic (turf). Wani binciken da Cibiyar Nazarin Geophysics da Volcanology (INGV) da Kwalejin Jami'ar London (UCL) suka yi a watan Yunin 2023 sun kammala cewa dutsen yana kan hanyar zuwa "maɓallin fashewa" kuma yana cikin "matsayi mai haɗari sosai". [[Nello Musumeci]], ministan kare farar hula na Italiya, ya nemi jami'an yankin Neapolitan don "hanzarta shirye-shiryen fitowa a yayin gaggawa"; ya ce za a gudanar da kwashewa ne kawai a yayin "babban bukata". Za a gwada shirye-shiryen kwashewar jama'a a ƙarshen Mayu 2024. Ayyukan girgizar ƙasa masu tsanani sun ci gaba a cikin 2024. A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2024, aikin girgizar ƙasa ya kara tsanantawa, tare da tarin girgizar kasa 150 a cikin 'yan sa'o'i, daya daga cikin girman 4.4 wanda ya haifar da tsoro tsakanin yawan mutanen Pozzuoli da wasu tsagewa da ƙananan lalacewar gine-gine. An kwashe makarantu da kurkuku. An fara wani sabon girgizar ƙasa tun daga tsakiyar watan Fabrairun 2025. A ranar 13 ga Maris 2025 da ƙarfe 1:25:02, wata girgizar ƙasa mai girman 4.4 ta faru tsakanin Pozzuoli da Bagnoli, kwata na Naples. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Earthquake with magnitude of Md 4.4 on date 13-03-2025 and time 01:25:02 (Italy) in region Campi Flegrei |url=https://terremoti.ingv.it/en/event/41908352 |access-date=13 March 2025 |website=ingv.it |publisher=Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia}}</ref> An sami ɗan ƙaramin lalacewa da kuma mutum ɗaya da ya ji rauni sakamakon faɗuwar rufin ƙarya a cikin wani gida. Ana sa ido kan lamarin kuma dukkan cibiyoyi suna da hannu: ƙananan hukumomi, yankin Campania, lardin Naples, masu kashe gobara da masu sa kai na kare fararen hula. A ranar 14 ga Maris 2025, wata sabuwar girgizar ƙasa mai girman 3.5 ta afku, kuma washegari aka yi girgizar ƙasa mai girman 3.9. A ranar 13 ga Mayu 2025, da ƙarfe 12.07, wata sabuwar girgizar ƙasa mai girman 4.4 ta biyo baya sannan kuma wasu girgizar ƙasa masu ƙarancin girma. A ranar 30 ga Yuni 2025, da ƙarfe 12:47, wata sabuwar girgizar ƙasa mai girman 4.6 ta biyo baya da jerin girgizar ƙasa masu ƙarancin girma. Tun lokacin da aikin girgizar ƙasa ya faru a cikin 2024 a zurfin har zuwa kilomita uku, girman da ake tsammani na girgizar kasa yana kusa da 4.4-4.5. Caldera na dutsen yana da kimanin kilomita 10-12 a diamita, wanda ke nuna cewa girgizar ƙasa ta cikin yanayi ne kuma ba za ta iya yaduwa a kan nesa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2023 |title=Terremoti, il sismologo: "Nessun legame tra Marche e Napoli. Nei Campi Flegrei la sismicità sta aumentando da anni, ma non c'è da temere" |trans-title=Earthquakes, the seismologist: "No connection between Marche and Naples. Seismicity has been increasing for years in the Campi Flegrei, but there is no cause for alarm" |url=https://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2023/09/08/news/terremoti_intervista_sismologo_legame_marche_campi_flegrei-413795891/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909143014/https://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2023/09/08/news/terremoti_intervista_sismologo_legame_marche_campi_flegrei-413795891/ |archive-date=9 September 2023 |publisher=[[La Repubblica]] |language=it}}</ref> Koyaya, ya bayyana cewa yankunan da ke kewaye da su suna da haɗin kai ko ci gaba da ayyukan girgizar ƙasa, kamar girgizar ƙasar da ta faru a Avellino a ranar 24 ga Oktoba 2025, girgizar kasa da ta faru da Irpinia a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 2025. === Sunan gado === Dangane da rawar da ta taka a karni na 18 da 19 a ci gaban kimiyyar ƙasa, ba aƙalla ilimin dutsen wuta ba, Ƙungiyar Kimiyya ta Duniya (IUGS) ta haɗa wannan yankin a cikin tarin 'yan tarihi na ƙasa' 100 a duniya a cikin jerin da aka buga a watan Oktoba 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites |url=https://iugs-geoheritage.org/videos-pdfs/iugs_first_100_book_v2.pdf |access-date=3 November 2022 |website=IUGS International Commission on Geoheritage |publisher=IUGS |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027114156/https://iugs-geoheritage.org/videos-pdfs/iugs_first_100_book_v2.pdf |archive-date=27 October 2022 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ruwan inabi == Ruwan inabi na Italiya, ja da fari, a ƙarƙashin sunan Campi Flegrei DOC ya fito ne daga wannan yanki. Dole ne a girbi inabi da aka ƙaddara don samar da DOC har zuwa matsakaicin amfanin ton na tan 12 / hekta don nau'ikan ruwan inabi na ja, da 13 t / hekta ga nau'ikan inabi na fari. Ana buƙatar yin ruwan inabi da aka gama zuwa mafi ƙarancin Matsayin barasa na 11.5% don ja da 10.5% don fari. Duk da yake yawancin ruwan inabi na Campi Flegrei sun haɗu ne, ana iya yin ruwan inabi iri-iri daga nau'ikan mutum, idan dai iri-iri da aka yi amfani da su sun ƙunshi aƙalla 90% na cakuda kuma ruwan inabi yana fermented zuwa akalla 12% barasa ga ja da 11% ga fari.<ref name="Saunders">P. Saunders ''Wine Label Language'' pg 132 Firefly Books 2004 {{ISBN|1-55297-720-X}}</ref> Red Campi Flegrei cakuda ne na 50-70% Piedirosso, 10-30% Aglianico da / ko Sciascinoso da har zuwa 10% na sauran nau'ikan inabi na gida (ja da fari). Fararen sun hada da 50-70% Falanghina, 10-30% Biancolella da / ko Coda di Volpe, tare da har zuwa 30% na sauran nau'ikan farin inabi na gida.<ref name="Saunders">P. Saunders ''Wine Label Language'' pg 132 Firefly Books 2004 {{ISBN|1-55297-720-X}}[[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/1-55297-720-X|<bdi>1-55297-720-X</bdi>]]</ref> == Muhimmancin al'adu == Campi Flegrei yana da mahimmancin dabarun da al'adu. * Yankin ya kasance wurin da ake amfani da dutse na piperno, ignimbrite (tuff mai laushi), dutse da aka yi amfani da shi don gina yawancin Naples; piperno "watakila shine mafi mahimmancin dutse na Naples, wanda aka yi amfani dashi a tsawon lokaci daga akalla zamanin Roman har zuwa farkon karni na 20. " <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Calcaterra |first=Domenico |last2=Cappelletti |first2=Piergiulio |last3=Langella |first3=Alessio |last4=Morra |first4=Vincenzo |last5=Colella |first5=Abner |last6=de Gennaro |first6=Roberto |date=December 2000 |title=The building stones of the ancient centre of Naples (Italy): Piperno from Campi Flegrei. A contribution to the knowledge of a long-time-used stone |journal=Journal of Cultural Heritage |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=415–427 |doi=10.1016/S1296-2074(00)01097-9}}</ref> An yi amfani da dutsen Piperno a cikin ginin Pompeii, tare da wasu dutse ciki har da Naples yellow tuff, foamy basalt, da dutse.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marra |first=F. |last2=Palladino |first2=D. M. |last3=Licht |first3=O. A. Boni |date=July 2022 |title=The peperino rocks: historical and volcanological overview |journal=Bulletin of Volcanology |volume=84 |issue=7 |bibcode=2022BVol...84...69M |doi=10.1007/s00445-022-01573-5 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> * Yankin ya kasance sananne ga Helenawa na dā, waɗanda ke da mulkin mallaka a kusa da Cumae, wurin zama na Cumaean Sibyl. * Yankin rairayin bakin teku na Miliscola, a Bacoli, shi ne hedkwatar makarantar soja ta Roma. * An yi imanin cewa Tafkin Avernus shine ƙofar duniyar ƙasa, kuma an nuna shi a matsayin haka a cikin ''Aeneid'' na [[Virgil]] . A lokacin yakin basasa tsakanin [[Augustus|Octavian]] da Antony, Agrippa ya yi ƙoƙari ya juya tafkin zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa ta soja, Portus Julius . * Baiae, yanzu an rufe shi da wani ɓangare, ya kasance wurin shakatawa na bakin teku kuma shine wurin zama na Julius Kaisar, Nero, da Hadrian (wanda ya mutu a can). * A cikin Pozzuoli akwai Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Flavian, gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya uku mafi girma na Italiya bayan Colosseum da Capuan Amphitheatre. * Hanyar Appia ta ratsa garin Quarto, wanda aka gina shi gaba ɗaya a kan wani rami da ya ƙare. * Cave of Dogs, sanannen [[Abubuwan jan hankali ga masu yawon bude ido|jan hankalin yawon bude ido]] a farkon zamani, yana gefen gabas na Filin. * Dutsen mafi ƙanƙanta a Turai, Monte Nuovo, yana nan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pozzuoli: history, archeology, art, architecture, environment |url=http://www.icampiflegrei.it/visita_pozzuoli_ing.htm#MONTENUOVO}}</ref> Wani oasis na WWF yana cikin babban rami na Astroni. * Kabarin Agrippina the Elder da Scipio Africanus suna nan. * A Baiae, yanzu a cikin {{Lang|it|comune}} na Bacoli, an gina mafi tsufa mai zafi ga Romawa mafi arziki. Ya haɗa da mafi girman tsohuwar dome a duniya kafin gina Roman Pantheon . * Mai watsa shirye-shiryen taurari kuma marubuci Patrick Moore ya yi amfani da waɗannan Filin a matsayin misali na dalilin da ya sa Craters na tasiri a kan [[Wata]] dole ne ya kasance na asalin dutsen wuta, wanda wasu suka ɗauka a matsayin ingantaccen ra'ayi har zuwa shekarun 1960. * Akwai ka'idar cewa babban fashewar Ignimbrite na Campanian a kusa da shekaru 39,280 ± 110 da suka gabata ya ba da gudummawa ga halakawar Neanderthals, bisa ga shaidar daga kogon Mezmaiskaya a cikin Dutsen Caucasus na kudancin Rasha.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liubov Vitaliena Golovanova |last2=Vladimir Borisovich Doronichev |last3=Naomi Elancia Cleghorn |last4=Marianna Alekseevna Koulkova |last5=Tatiana Valentinovna Sapelko |last6=M. Steven Shackley |date=October 2010 |title=Volcanoes Wiped out Neanderthals, New Study Suggests |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/10/101006094057.htm |format=news release |journal=Current Anthropology |volume=51 |issue=5 |pages=655–691 |doi=10.1086/656185 |s2cid=144299365 |url-access=subscription |quote=Significance of Ecological Factors in the Middle to Upper Paleolithic Transition}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 39i6wyv1s0imqkc58cyycstfftw6ads 0 145362 961499 952766 2026-10-01T18:14:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Davina Oriakhi''' mawaƙiya ce [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Ta Najeriya]] da ke zaune a London, marubuciya kuma mawaki. An ba ta lambar yabo ta Choice Female Artist a Nigerian Teen Choice Awards a shekarar 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Full List Of Winners at Nigerian Teen Choice Awards 2016 |url=http://www.evatese.com/full-list-winners-nigerian-teen-choice-awards-2016/ |access-date=6 June 2018 |website=Evatese |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141241/http://www.evatese.com/full-list-winners-nigerian-teen-choice-awards-2016/ |archive-date=12 June 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Davina Oriakhi a [[Landan|Landan, Ingila]] ga iyayenta 'yan Najeriya amma ta girma a mafi yawan rayuwarta a [[Abuja]], Najeriya. 'Yar asalin [[Mutanen Edo|kabilar Bini ce]] ta [[Najeriya]] . Davina Oriakhi ta yi karatun sakandare a [[Kwalejin Cherryfield|Kwalejin CherryField]], sannan ta yi digiri na farko a fannin lissafi a [[Jami'ar Covenant University|Jami'ar Covenant]] . Daga baya ta yi digiri na biyu a fannin watsa labarai da sadarwa a Jami'ar City da ke Landan . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Davina Oriakhi |url=https://contactout.com/Davina-Oriakhi-3622157 |access-date=7 June 2018}}</ref> == Aikin kiɗa == === 2014 === Davina Oriakhi ta fitar da wakarta ta farko, ''Content.'' Ta fitar da bidiyon wakar a wannan shekarar. === 2017 === A shekarar 2017, Davina Oriakhi ta fitar da wakoki uku: ''Silence (Father Have Mercy)'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Solanke |first=Abiola |title=Davina Oriakhi – 'Silence (Father have mercy)' |url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/davina-oriakhi-silence-father-have-mercy-id6542270.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141025/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/davina-oriakhi-silence-father-have-mercy-id6542270.html |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=7 June 2018 |website=Pulse Nigeria |publisher=Abiola Solanke}}</ref> a watan Afrilu, ''FSLS'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 May 2017 |title=Emerging Artiste, Davina Oriakhi Drops Her Second Single This Year "F.S.L.S." |url=http://peoplespostng.com/news/2017/05/emerging-artiste-davina-oriakhi-drops-her-second-single-this-year-f-s-l-s/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142454/http://peoplespostng.com/news/2017/05/emerging-artiste-davina-oriakhi-drops-her-second-single-this-year-f-s-l-s/ |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=7 June 2018 |website=Peoples Post Nigeria}}</ref> a watan Mayu da ''Juju'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2017 |title=Listen to Juju, The Final Single Off Davina Oriakhi's Forthcoming Debut LP |url=http://culturecustodian.com/davina-oriakhi-juju/ |access-date=7 June 2018 |website=Culture Custodian |publisher=Simi Badiru}}</ref> a watan Yuni wanda ya kai ga fitar da kundin wakokinta na farko, ''Love to a Mortal'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 July 2017 |title=Singer, Songwriter & Poet Davina Oriakhi Releases Debut Album 'Love to a Mortal' |url=http://thespreadmag.com/singer-songwriter-poet-davina-oriakhi-releases-debut-album-love-to-a-mortal/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141309/http://thespreadmag.com/singer-songwriter-poet-davina-oriakhi-releases-debut-album-love-to-a-mortal/ |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=7 June 2018 |website=Spread Magazine}}</ref> a watan Yuli. Davina Oriakhi ta fitar da bidiyo uku don wakokinta ''It's All About Love'', <ref name="Yinka Yomi Joseph">{{Cite web |title=SINGER, SONGWRITER & POET DAVINA ORIAKHI UNVEILS NEW MUSIC VIDEO "IT'S ALL ABOUT LOVE" |url=http://www.radronline.net/2017/10/12/singer-songwriter-poet-davina-oriakhi-unveils-new-music-video-its-all-about-love/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144120/http://www.radronline.net/2017/10/12/singer-songwriter-poet-davina-oriakhi-unveils-new-music-video-its-all-about-love/ |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=6 June 2018 |website=RADR Online |publisher=Yinka Yomi Joseph}}</ref> ''Content'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Davina Oriakhi – Content (The Official Music Video) – YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nT-7SpEYfrc |access-date=7 June 2018 |via=YouTube}}</ref> da ''FSLS'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2017 |title=DAVINA ORIAKHI IS AN UPTOWN GIRL IN THE VISUALS FOR F.S.L.S |url=http://thenativemag.com/music/video/davina-oriakhi-girl-town-visuals-f-s-l-s/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143849/http://thenativemag.com/music/video/davina-oriakhi-girl-town-visuals-f-s-l-s/ |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=7 June 2018 |website=Native Magazine |publisher=Edwin Okolo}}</ref> daga baya a wannan shekarar. === 2018 === Davina Oriakhi ta fitar da haɗin gwiwarta ta farko da kuma waƙarta bayan kundin wakokinta a farkon 2018, tare da Tim Lyre a cikin waƙar ''Lagos'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lagos (feat. Tim Lyre) – Davina Oriakhi Song – BBC Music |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/tracks/n5z6v3 |publisher=BBC |access-date=2026-03-14 |archive-date=2018-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703102729/https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/tracks/n5z6v3 |url-status=dead}}</ref> a watan Maris da kuma wani tare da mawaƙin R&B na Kanada Preyé a cikin waƙar ''Vanity'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 April 2018 |title=New Music: Davina Oriakhi x Preye – Vanity – BellaNaija |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/04/new-music-davina-oriakhi-x-preye-vanity/ |access-date=7 June 2018 |website=Bella Naija}}</ref> a watan Afrilu. == Fasaha == Waƙar Davina Oriakhi galibi ana rubuta ta ne da Turanci, wani lokacin kuma ana rera ta da Pidgin, kuma tana haɗa nau'ikan waƙoƙi daban-daban. Ta yarda cewa yawancin waƙoƙinta sun samo asali ne daga abubuwan da suka faru da ita. [ ana buƙatar ambato ] == Tasiri == Davina Oriakhi ta yi ikirarin cewa wakokinta sun samo asali ne daga abubuwan da suka faru da ita. A cewarta, == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1r331hne0c6oxhjhgkt7ghheuwl3c54 0 146190 961646 811852 2026-10-02T03:13:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elsie Chin Yuen Seetoo''' (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga Satumba, 1918) ma'aikaciyar jinya ce 'yar asalin ƙasar Sin, mai fassara likitanci, kuma tsohuwar ma'aikaciyar [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] da aka fi sani da aikinta a matsayin laftanar ta farko a Rundunar Ma'aikatan Jinya ta Sojojin Amurka . Ita ce 'yar asalin ƙasar Sin ta farko da ta yi aiki a Rundunar. A shekarar 2020, ta sami lambar zinare ta Majalisar Dokoki . == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Elsie Chin a ranar 14 ga Satumba, 1918, a Stockton, California, 'yar baƙin haure 'yan ƙasar Sin waɗanda ke gudanar da kasuwancin kayan abinci na shigo da kaya da fitar da kayayyaki. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Elsie Seetoo |url=https://apiabiography.sfsu.edu/elsie-seetoo |access-date=February 22, 2025 |website=APIA Biography Project |publisher=[[San Francisco State University]]}}</ref> Tun tana ƙarama, ta halarci makarantun gwamnati na gida, ta je makarantar Sin da daddare, kuma ta kasance mai himma a sansanin 'yan sanda . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Trojanowski |first=Herman J. |date=September 9, 2005 |title=Oral history interview with Elsie Chin Yuen Seetoo |url=https://uncglibraries.com/ohms/render.php?cachefile=WV0331_001.xml |access-date=February 22, 2025 |website=[[UNCG University Libraries]] |publisher= |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 1931, a tsakiyar [[Great Depression|mawuyacin halin tattalin arziki]], iyalinta sun koma Xinhui a lardin Guangdong, China. <ref name=":1" /> A can, ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Pooi To a Guangzhou na tsawon shekaru shida. A watan Oktoba na 1938, ta fara koyon aikin jinya a Makarantar Koyon Aikin Jinya ta Asibitin Queen Mary da ke Burtaniya a Hong Kong . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Elsie CY Seetoo |url=https://www.caww2.org/profiles |access-date=February 22, 2025 |website=Chinese American WWII Veterans Recognition Project |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> == Sabis na Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu == Bayan mamayar da Japan ta kai wa Hong Kong a ranar 8 ga Disamba, 1941, Seetoo ta zama ma'aikaciyar jinya a asibiti a lokacin yaƙi, tana kula da waɗanda suka mutu da kuma sojojin da suka ji rauni a harin Japan, yayin da take ci gaba da karatunta a Asibitin Sarauniya Mary. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Johnston |first=Matthew |date=April 16, 2021 |title=In WWII, duty called |url=https://magazine.uncg.edu/alumni-success/in-wwii-duty-called/ |access-date=February 22, 2025 |website=UNCG Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Leshuo |first=Dong |date=August 21, 2017 |title=Chinese-American WWII vet nears age 99 - USA |url=https://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2017-08/21/content_30900145.htm |access-date=February 22, 2025 |website=Chinadaily.com.cn |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250223153442/https://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2017-08/21/content_30900145.htm |archive-date=February 23, 2025 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silva |first=Cynthia |date=December 11, 2020 |title=Chinese American WWII veterans honored with Congressional Gold Medal |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/chinese-american-wwii-veterans-honored-congressional-gold-medal-n1250767 |access-date=February 22, 2025 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Disamba, 1941, ta sami takardar shaidar asibiti a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya mai rijista. Yayin da take aiki a Asibitin Sarauniya Mary, Seetoo ta kula da 'yar jaridar Amurka Agnes Smedley, wacce ta ba ta labarin Hukumar Agajin Lafiya ta Red Cross ta China. <ref name=":5" /> Bayan da Hong Kong ta faɗa hannun gwamnatin Japan kuma Asibitin Sarauniya Mary ya zama asibitin sojoji da Japan ke kula da shi, Seetoo ta tsere zuwa babban yankin China, duk da ƙin amincewar da iyalinta suka yi a farko. <ref name=":5"/> Saboda ba a ba wa ma'aikatan lafiya izinin barin Hong Kong da Japan ta mamaye a lokacin ba, ta ɓoye kanta a matsayin manomi, ta yi tafiya da kwale-kwale, babbar mota, da ƙafa (gami da tafiya sama da mil 700) don isa Free China . <ref name=":5" /> <ref name=":2" /> Bayan ta isa Guiyang a watan Afrilun 1942, Seetoo ta haɗu da Robert Lim, darektan ƙungiyar agajin lafiya ta Red Cross ta ƙasar Sin, wanda ya ba ta aiki. Ta fara aiki a ɗakin tiyata na wani asibiti mai alaƙa da Red Cross, daga baya kuma ta horar da ma'aikatan lafiya. [1] A ƙarshen 1942, an tura ta sansanin Ramgarh, Indiya, don horar da sojojin China kan ayyukan agajin gaggawa da hanyoyin magani. A lokacin da take can, ta rubuta cewa "rayuwar da ta yi a cikin watanni huɗu da suka gabata a Indiya ta taurare ni sosai." [2] [3] A ranar 17 ga Yuni, 1944, Seetoo ta shiga Rundunar Ma'aikatan Jinya ta Sojojin Amurka, inda ta zama ma'aikaciyar jinya ta farko 'yar asalin kasar Sin da Amurka da ta yi hakan. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nurse Practitioners Sharing Personal and Professional Experiences and Knowledge (NP-SPEAK) |url=https://www.nursing.upenn.edu/live/profiles/19607-nurse-practitioners-sharing-personal-and |access-date=February 22, 2025 |website=www.nursing.upenn.edu |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania]] |language=en}}</ref> An nada ta a matsayin Laftanar ta farko kuma ta yi aiki da Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta 14, Kwamandan Rundunar Sojojin Sama. Domin ta sami mukaminta, an bukaci ta yi rantsuwar amincewa da kuma rantsuwar yin murabus saboda ta yi aiki da Kungiyar Agajin Gaggawa ta Kasar Sin (duk da cewa an haife ta a Amurka). <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":2" /> Ayyukanta sun hada da Asibitin Tasha na 95 da ke Kunming da Chengdu, Asibitin Janar na 172 da ke Shanghai, da Asibitin Janar na Letterman da ke San Francisco. <ref name=":1"/> Ta yi aiki har zuwa lokacin da aka sallame ta a watan Mayu 1946. <ref name=":4"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1918]] o96pn6w4srszzjl0ovqyw5b32c9k0ob 0 148567 961752 826334 2026-10-02T06:57:21Z BnHamid 12586 961752 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Hertha BSC vs. West Ham United 20190731 (074).jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox football biography | name = Maximilian Mittelstädt | image = Maximilian Mittelstädt 2022.jpg | full_name = Maximilian Mittelstädt | place_of_birth = Berlin, Germany | position = Left-back | currentclub = VfB Stuttgart | clubnumber = 7 | youthyears1 = –2012 | youthclubs1 = Hertha Zehlendorf | youthyears2 = 2012–2015 | youthclubs2 = Hertha BSC | years1 = 2015–2023 | clubs1 = Hertha BSC | caps1 = 140 | goals1 = 4 | years2 = 2023– | clubs2 = VfB Stuttgart | caps2 = 0 | goals2 = 0 | nationalyears1 = 2013–2014 | nationalteam1 = Germany U18 | nationalcaps1 = 2 | nationalgoals1 = 0 | nationalyears2 = 2015 | nationalteam2 = Germany U19 | nationalcaps2 = 3 | nationalgoals2 = 0 | nationalyears3 = 2016–2019 | nationalteam3 = Germany U21 | nationalcaps3 = 12 | nationalgoals3 = 1 | nationalyears4 = 2024– | nationalteam4 = Germany | nationalcaps4 = 2 | nationalgoals4 = 0 }} '''Maximilian Mittelstädt''' (an haife shi ranar 18 ga Maris 1997 a Berlin, Jamus) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Jamus wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya na hagu (left-back) ga kulob ɗin VfB Stuttgart da kuma tawagar ƙasar Jamus. <ref>Player Profile – Maximilian Mittelstädt</ref> == Rayuwar Farko == An haifi Mittelstädt a birnin Berlin, inda ya fara sha’awar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara horo a makarantar koyon ƙwallo ta Hertha Zehlendorf kafin daga bisani ya koma makarantar matasa ta Hertha BSC a shekarar 2012. <ref>Youth Career Records</ref> == Aikin Kulob == === Hertha BSC === Mittelstädt ya fara buga wasan ƙwararru tare da Hertha BSC a shekarar 2015. Ya samu damar taka leda a Bundesliga, inda ya nuna kwarewa musamman a bangaren tsaron hagu da kuma taimakawa kai hari. A tsawon lokacin da ya yi a kulob ɗin, ya buga wasanni sama da 100 kuma ya zura wasu ƙwallaye. <ref>Bundesliga Statistics</ref> === VfB Stuttgart === A shekarar 2023, ya koma VfB Stuttgart bayan ya bar Hertha BSC. Wannan canjin ya zo ne domin samun sabuwar dama da ci gaba a aikinsa. <ref>Transfer News 2023</ref> == Aikin Ƙasa == Mittelstädt ya wakilci Jamus a matakan matasa daban-daban, ciki har da U18, U19, da U21. A shekarar 2024, ya fara bugawa babbar tawagar ƙasar Jamus, wanda hakan ya nuna ci gabansa a matakin duniya. <ref>Germany National Team Records</ref> == Salon Wasan == Ana sanin Mittelstädt da gudu, iya kare kai, da kuma taimakawa kai hari daga gefen hagu. Yana da kyakkyawan iya sarrafa ƙwallo da kuma bayar da taimako (assists) ga ‘yan gaba. <ref>Player Analysis Report</ref> == Rayuwar Kai == Baya ga ƙwallon ƙafa, Mittelstädt yana rayuwa cikin nutsuwa kuma yana mai da hankali sosai kan ci gaban aikinsa. Ba ya yawan bayyana rayuwarsa ta sirri a kafafen yaɗa labarai. <ref>Personal Life Overview</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1997]] [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] 9j8fjwyipqsfp9syrsvqvoyri0rpple 0 149601 961600 831237 2026-10-01T22:09:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Donald Agu''' (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Disamba 1975) tsohon dan wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] ne [[Najeriya|Na Najeriya]]. == Ayyuka == Ya fara aikinsa a Enugu Rangers, kuma a cikin 1994, ya zo ya buga wasa a Turai. Da farko ya buga wa FK Obilić wasa a gasar Premier League ta FR Yugoslavia daya kakar, kafin ya koma Italiya don buga wa Salernitana Calcio wasa. Daga nan sai ya koma Jamus kuma ya buga wasa tare da FC Augsburg . <ref>[http://footballfacts.ru/players/2226040-agu-donald Donald Agu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222125805/http://footballfacts.ru/players/2226040-agu-donald |date=2020-02-22 }} at footballfacts.ru {{In lang|ru}}</ref> Bayan haka, ya shiga kungiyar Bundesliga ta Eintracht Frankfurt amma ya kasa buga wasan league. Tsakanin 2000 da 2002, Agu ya buga wa SSV Reutlingen wasa a [[2. Bundesliga|Bundesliga]]" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2. Bundesliga">2. Bundesliga . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Donald Agu |url=http://www.fussballdaten.de/spieler/agudonald/ |access-date=23 February 2012 |publisher=fussballdaten.de |language=German}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2002, Agu ya koma [[Bangladesh]] kuma ya taka leda a Abahani Limited, kafin ya koma Najeriya inda ya sake kammala aikinsa yana wasa a Enugu Rovers . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Donald Agu |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe40998/donald-agu/ |access-date=23 February 2012 |publisher=worldfootball.net}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] l9i2orbw6r2t7an8fjhy528j3zzldbf 0 149972 961462 954778 2026-10-01T17:19:05Z Umar A Muhammad 22698 Gyara 961462 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Augustine "Mazeli" Ofuokwu''' (14 ga Agusta 1944 – 5 ga watan Yuli shekara ta 2004) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na [[Najeriya]]. Ya fafata a gasar maza a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta Shekaran 1968.<ref>Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Augustine Ofuokwu Olympic Results". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 21 October 2018.</ref> '''Rayuwa ta Farko''' '''Rayuwar Kai''' '''Sana'a''' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1944]] cemvftvjk99ia55bbwo6phv8we20tv1 0 149988 961793 832599 2026-10-02T07:23:13Z BnHamid 12586 961793 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Murilo-Palmeiras-Santos-jan24-2.jpg|thumb]] '''Murilo Cerqueira Paim''' (an haife shi ranar 27 ga Maris, 1997) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Brazil wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya (centre-back) a kulob ɗin Palmeiras na gasar Serie A ta Brazil. An san shi da ƙwarewa wajen kare kwallo, ƙarfin jiki, da kuma iya fara kai hari daga baya.<ref name="bio">Bayanan tarihin ɗan wasa da kulob ɗinsa.</ref> == Rayuwar farko == Murilo ya girma ne a jihar Bahia, a Brazil, inda ya fara sha’awar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa tun yana ƙarami. Ya shiga makarantar horar da ‘yan wasa ta Bahia, wadda ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka ƙwarewarsa a matakin matasa. A nan ne ya fara fitowa da basira a matsayin mai tsaron baya mai ƙarfi da saurin fahimtar wasa.<ref name="farko">Tarihin matasan ‘yan wasa a Bahia.</ref> == Aikin kulob == === EC Bahia === Murilo ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru a kulob ɗin Bahia. Ya fara buga wasa a babban rukuni bayan ya nuna ƙwarewa a matasan kulob ɗin. A lokacin da yake Bahia, ya samu damar buga wasanni a gasar Serie A ta Brazil, inda ya jawo hankalin masu sa ido daga Turai.<ref name="bahia">Bayanan kulob ɗin Bahia da cigaban Murilo.</ref> === Lokomotiv Moscow === A shekarar 2019, Murilo ya koma kulob ɗin Lokomotiv Moscow na ƙasar Rasha. A nan ya samu ƙarin kwarewa a matakin Turai, inda ya buga gasannin UEFA Champions League da kuma gasar lig ta Rasha. A Lokomotiv, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu tsaron baya na kulob ɗin.<ref name="rasha">Bayanan gasar Rasha da Lokomotiv Moscow.</ref> === Palmeiras === A shekarar 2022, Murilo ya koma Palmeiras, ɗaya daga cikin manyan kulob-kulob a Brazil. A nan ya zama muhimmin ɗan wasa a baya, yana taimakawa kulob ɗin wajen cin kofuna da kuma kare kwallo cikin ƙarfi. Salon wasansa ya haɗa da karfi, saurin motsi, da kuma iya sarrafa kwallo daga baya.<ref name="palmeiras">Bayanan Palmeiras da rawar Murilo.</ref> == Salon wasa == Murilo mai tsaron baya ne mai amfani da ƙarfi da hankali wajen kare kai. Yana da kyau wajen yanke kwallo (tackling), toshe harbi, da kuma tsalle wajen kai kwallo a iska. Haka kuma yana iya fara kai hari ta hanyar dogayen bugun ƙwallo daga baya.<ref name="style">Nazarin salon wasan ‘yan tsaron baya na zamani.</ref> == Nasarori == A lokacin da yake Palmeiras, Murilo ya taimaka wajen lashe manyan kofuna a Brazil, ciki har da gasar Serie A da Copa Libertadores. Nasarorin nasa sun ƙara masa suna a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu tsaron baya a Latin Amurka.<ref name="trophy">Bayanan kofuna da Palmeiras ta lashe.</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} * Bayanan kulob-kulob da tarihin ɗan wasa daga hukumomin ƙwallon ƙafa. * Rahotannin wasanni daga Brazil da Turai. 6z0ps4jl7nzzpdcys4f4j77512bb2la 0 150323 961454 833539 2026-10-01T16:50:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961454 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daniel Acosta''' (an haife shi 10 Yuni 1991) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Mexico . <ref>{{Soccerway|daniel-acosta-garcia/247791}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=LIGA BBVA Bancomer MX |url=http://www.ascensomx.net/cancha/jugador/71571/eyJpZENsdWIiOiAyfQ== |access-date=2015-10-18 |publisher=ascensomx.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818093736/http://www.ascensomx.net/cancha/jugador/71571/eyJpZENsdWIiOiAyfQ== |archive-date=2019-08-18 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1991]] 87mlaam809o05hnw1ium7sx8ov809ev 0 150378 961770 833688 2026-10-02T07:08:58Z BnHamid 12586 961770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elia Caprile''' ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Italiya]] wanda yake taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar [[Cagliari Calcio]] aro daga [[S.S.C. Napoli]], sannan yana wakiltar ƙungiyar matasa ta ƙasar Italiya. An san shi da ƙwarewa wajen kare ƙwallaye, saurin motsi, da kuma iya taka leda da ƙafa cikin natsuwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com/elia-caprile/profil/spieler/668742|title=Elia Caprile Profile|website=Transfermarkt|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Elia Caprile a ranar 25 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2001 a birnin Verona na ƙasar Italiya. Tun yana ƙarami ya nuna sha’awar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa musamman a matsayin mai tsaron gida. Ya fara koyon dabarun wasan ne a makarantar matasa ta ƙungiyar Chievo Verona inda ya samu horo mai zurfi kan yadda ake kare raga da kuma sarrafa kwallo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/elia-caprile/623457/|title=Elia Caprile - Soccerway|website=Soccerway|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Chievo Verona === Caprile ya fara tasowa ne daga makarantar matasa ta Chievo Verona. A lokacin da yake can ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin matasan ‘yan wasa masu tasowa da ake ganin za su iya zama fitattun masu tsaron gida a nan gaba. Kwarewarsa wajen hana kwallaye da iya jagorantar masu tsaron baya ya sa ya jawo hankalin kungiyoyi daga wajen Italiya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/elia-caprile/|title=Elia Caprile Profile|website=WorldFootball.net|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Leeds United === A shekarar 2020 ne ƙungiyar [[Leeds United F.C.]] ta Ingila ta ɗauki Caprile daga Chievo Verona. Duk da cewa bai samu damar buga wasa a babbar ƙungiyar ba, ya samu horo a ƙarƙashin tsarin ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila wanda ya taimaka wajen ƙara masa ƙwarewa da gogewa. Ya buga wasu wasanni a ƙungiyar matasa da ta ajiyar Leeds United.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.leedsunited.com/news/team-news/26987/leeds-united-sign-elia-caprile|title=Leeds United sign Elia Caprile|website=Leeds United Official Website|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Pro Patria === A shekarar 2022 Caprile ya koma ƙungiyar Pro Patria domin samun damar buga wasanni akai-akai. A wannan lokaci ne ya fara nuna cikakkiyar bajintarsa a matakin manyan ‘yan wasa. Ya taka rawar gani sosai a gasar Serie C inda ya kasance daga cikin fitattun masu tsaron gida na kakar wasa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com/elia-caprile/leistungsdatenverein/spieler/668742|title=Elia Caprile Career Stats|website=Transfermarkt|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Napoli === Bayan kyakkyawan rawar da ya taka a Pro Patria, ƙungiyar [[S.S.C. Napoli]] ta saye shi a shekarar 2023. Napoli ta ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin matasan masu tsaron gida masu makoma a ƙasar Italiya. Duk da cewa yana ƙarƙashin Napoli, an ci gaba da tura shi aro domin samun ƙarin gogewa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sscnapoli.it/en/|title=SSC Napoli Official Website|website=SSC Napoli|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Aro zuwa Empoli === A kakar wasa ta 2023 zuwa 2024 an tura Caprile aro zuwa ƙungiyar [[Empoli F.C.]] inda ya samu damar buga wasanni a gasar Serie A ta Italiya. Ya yi fice wajen ceton ƙwallaye masu wahala kuma ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar wajen samun sakamako masu kyau a wasu wasanni masu muhimmanci.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.empolifc.com/|title=Empoli FC Official Website|website=Empoli FC|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Aro zuwa Cagliari === Daga baya kuma an tura shi aro zuwa [[Cagliari Calcio]] domin ci gaba da samun lokacin wasa. Masana ƙwallon ƙafa da dama sun yaba masa saboda kwarin guiwa da natsuwar da yake nunawa duk da ƙarancin shekarunsa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cagliaricalcio.com/|title=Cagliari Calcio Official Website|website=Cagliari Calcio|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa == Caprile ya wakilci ƙasar Italiya a matakin ‘yan ƙasa da shekaru 21. Ya kasance daga cikin matasan masu tsaron gida da ake ganin za su iya zama manyan ‘yan wasan ƙasar a nan gaba. Kwarewarsa wajen dakatar da bugun fenariti da kuma iya sadarwa da masu tsaron baya ya sa yake samun yabo daga masu horarwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.figc.it/it/nazionali/|title=Italy National Teams|website=FIGC|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Salon wasa == Elia Caprile an san shi da tsayi da kuma saurin kai-komo wajen kare ƙwallaye. Yana da ƙwarewa wajen kama kwallaye masu ƙarfi da kuma iya fara kai hari daga baya ta hanyar amfani da ƙafafunsa wajen bayar da dogayen passes. Haka kuma yana da ƙarfin hali wajen fuskantar ‘yan gaba a yanayin mutum da mutum.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/lists/who-is-elia-caprile/blt|title=Who is Elia Caprile?|website=Goal.com|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Nasarori == === Kungiya === ; Napoli * Serie A: 2022–23 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.transfermarkt.com/elia-caprile/profil/spieler/668742 Elia Caprile] a shafin Transfermarkt * [https://int.soccerway.com/players/elia-caprile/623457/ Elia Caprile] a shafin Soccerway {{Dan kwallon kafa stub}} [[Category:2001 births]] [[Category:Mutanen Verona]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallon kafa na Italiya]] [[Category:Masu tsaron gida na kwallon kafa]] [[Category:Yan wasan Napoli]] [[Category:Yan wasan Empoli]] [[Category:Yan wasan Cagliari]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] me it2zu1veiili87n42nfhzinykjit5ab 961771 961770 2026-10-02T07:09:16Z BnHamid 12586 /* Hanyoyin waje */ 961771 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elia Caprile''' ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Italiya]] wanda yake taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar [[Cagliari Calcio]] aro daga [[S.S.C. Napoli]], sannan yana wakiltar ƙungiyar matasa ta ƙasar Italiya. An san shi da ƙwarewa wajen kare ƙwallaye, saurin motsi, da kuma iya taka leda da ƙafa cikin natsuwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com/elia-caprile/profil/spieler/668742|title=Elia Caprile Profile|website=Transfermarkt|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Elia Caprile a ranar 25 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2001 a birnin Verona na ƙasar Italiya. Tun yana ƙarami ya nuna sha’awar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa musamman a matsayin mai tsaron gida. Ya fara koyon dabarun wasan ne a makarantar matasa ta ƙungiyar Chievo Verona inda ya samu horo mai zurfi kan yadda ake kare raga da kuma sarrafa kwallo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/elia-caprile/623457/|title=Elia Caprile - Soccerway|website=Soccerway|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Chievo Verona === Caprile ya fara tasowa ne daga makarantar matasa ta Chievo Verona. A lokacin da yake can ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin matasan ‘yan wasa masu tasowa da ake ganin za su iya zama fitattun masu tsaron gida a nan gaba. Kwarewarsa wajen hana kwallaye da iya jagorantar masu tsaron baya ya sa ya jawo hankalin kungiyoyi daga wajen Italiya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/elia-caprile/|title=Elia Caprile Profile|website=WorldFootball.net|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Leeds United === A shekarar 2020 ne ƙungiyar [[Leeds United F.C.]] ta Ingila ta ɗauki Caprile daga Chievo Verona. Duk da cewa bai samu damar buga wasa a babbar ƙungiyar ba, ya samu horo a ƙarƙashin tsarin ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila wanda ya taimaka wajen ƙara masa ƙwarewa da gogewa. Ya buga wasu wasanni a ƙungiyar matasa da ta ajiyar Leeds United.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.leedsunited.com/news/team-news/26987/leeds-united-sign-elia-caprile|title=Leeds United sign Elia Caprile|website=Leeds United Official Website|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Pro Patria === A shekarar 2022 Caprile ya koma ƙungiyar Pro Patria domin samun damar buga wasanni akai-akai. A wannan lokaci ne ya fara nuna cikakkiyar bajintarsa a matakin manyan ‘yan wasa. Ya taka rawar gani sosai a gasar Serie C inda ya kasance daga cikin fitattun masu tsaron gida na kakar wasa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com/elia-caprile/leistungsdatenverein/spieler/668742|title=Elia Caprile Career Stats|website=Transfermarkt|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Napoli === Bayan kyakkyawan rawar da ya taka a Pro Patria, ƙungiyar [[S.S.C. Napoli]] ta saye shi a shekarar 2023. Napoli ta ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin matasan masu tsaron gida masu makoma a ƙasar Italiya. Duk da cewa yana ƙarƙashin Napoli, an ci gaba da tura shi aro domin samun ƙarin gogewa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sscnapoli.it/en/|title=SSC Napoli Official Website|website=SSC Napoli|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Aro zuwa Empoli === A kakar wasa ta 2023 zuwa 2024 an tura Caprile aro zuwa ƙungiyar [[Empoli F.C.]] inda ya samu damar buga wasanni a gasar Serie A ta Italiya. Ya yi fice wajen ceton ƙwallaye masu wahala kuma ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar wajen samun sakamako masu kyau a wasu wasanni masu muhimmanci.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.empolifc.com/|title=Empoli FC Official Website|website=Empoli FC|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Aro zuwa Cagliari === Daga baya kuma an tura shi aro zuwa [[Cagliari Calcio]] domin ci gaba da samun lokacin wasa. Masana ƙwallon ƙafa da dama sun yaba masa saboda kwarin guiwa da natsuwar da yake nunawa duk da ƙarancin shekarunsa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cagliaricalcio.com/|title=Cagliari Calcio Official Website|website=Cagliari Calcio|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa == Caprile ya wakilci ƙasar Italiya a matakin ‘yan ƙasa da shekaru 21. Ya kasance daga cikin matasan masu tsaron gida da ake ganin za su iya zama manyan ‘yan wasan ƙasar a nan gaba. Kwarewarsa wajen dakatar da bugun fenariti da kuma iya sadarwa da masu tsaron baya ya sa yake samun yabo daga masu horarwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.figc.it/it/nazionali/|title=Italy National Teams|website=FIGC|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Salon wasa == Elia Caprile an san shi da tsayi da kuma saurin kai-komo wajen kare ƙwallaye. Yana da ƙwarewa wajen kama kwallaye masu ƙarfi da kuma iya fara kai hari daga baya ta hanyar amfani da ƙafafunsa wajen bayar da dogayen passes. Haka kuma yana da ƙarfin hali wajen fuskantar ‘yan gaba a yanayin mutum da mutum.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/lists/who-is-elia-caprile/blt|title=Who is Elia Caprile?|website=Goal.com|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Nasarori == === Kungiya === ; Napoli * Serie A: 2022–23 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.transfermarkt.com/elia-caprile/profil/spieler/668742 Elia Caprile] a shafin Transfermarkt * [https://int.soccerway.com/players/elia-caprile/623457/ Elia Caprile] a shafin Soccerway [[Category:2001 births]] [[Category:Mutanen Verona]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallon kafa na Italiya]] [[Category:Masu tsaron gida na kwallon kafa]] [[Category:Yan wasan Napoli]] [[Category:Yan wasan Empoli]] [[Category:Yan wasan Cagliari]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] pt85rngnbtoxqtk15igngwpbneocx9s 961772 961771 2026-10-02T07:09:35Z BnHamid 12586 /* Hanyoyin waje */ 961772 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elia Caprile''' ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar [[Italiya]] wanda yake taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga ƙungiyar [[Cagliari Calcio]] aro daga [[S.S.C. Napoli]], sannan yana wakiltar ƙungiyar matasa ta ƙasar Italiya. An san shi da ƙwarewa wajen kare ƙwallaye, saurin motsi, da kuma iya taka leda da ƙafa cikin natsuwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com/elia-caprile/profil/spieler/668742|title=Elia Caprile Profile|website=Transfermarkt|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Elia Caprile a ranar 25 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2001 a birnin Verona na ƙasar Italiya. Tun yana ƙarami ya nuna sha’awar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa musamman a matsayin mai tsaron gida. Ya fara koyon dabarun wasan ne a makarantar matasa ta ƙungiyar Chievo Verona inda ya samu horo mai zurfi kan yadda ake kare raga da kuma sarrafa kwallo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/elia-caprile/623457/|title=Elia Caprile - Soccerway|website=Soccerway|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Chievo Verona === Caprile ya fara tasowa ne daga makarantar matasa ta Chievo Verona. A lokacin da yake can ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin matasan ‘yan wasa masu tasowa da ake ganin za su iya zama fitattun masu tsaron gida a nan gaba. Kwarewarsa wajen hana kwallaye da iya jagorantar masu tsaron baya ya sa ya jawo hankalin kungiyoyi daga wajen Italiya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/elia-caprile/|title=Elia Caprile Profile|website=WorldFootball.net|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Leeds United === A shekarar 2020 ne ƙungiyar [[Leeds United F.C.]] ta Ingila ta ɗauki Caprile daga Chievo Verona. Duk da cewa bai samu damar buga wasa a babbar ƙungiyar ba, ya samu horo a ƙarƙashin tsarin ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila wanda ya taimaka wajen ƙara masa ƙwarewa da gogewa. Ya buga wasu wasanni a ƙungiyar matasa da ta ajiyar Leeds United.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.leedsunited.com/news/team-news/26987/leeds-united-sign-elia-caprile|title=Leeds United sign Elia Caprile|website=Leeds United Official Website|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Pro Patria === A shekarar 2022 Caprile ya koma ƙungiyar Pro Patria domin samun damar buga wasanni akai-akai. A wannan lokaci ne ya fara nuna cikakkiyar bajintarsa a matakin manyan ‘yan wasa. Ya taka rawar gani sosai a gasar Serie C inda ya kasance daga cikin fitattun masu tsaron gida na kakar wasa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com/elia-caprile/leistungsdatenverein/spieler/668742|title=Elia Caprile Career Stats|website=Transfermarkt|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Napoli === Bayan kyakkyawan rawar da ya taka a Pro Patria, ƙungiyar [[S.S.C. Napoli]] ta saye shi a shekarar 2023. Napoli ta ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin matasan masu tsaron gida masu makoma a ƙasar Italiya. Duk da cewa yana ƙarƙashin Napoli, an ci gaba da tura shi aro domin samun ƙarin gogewa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sscnapoli.it/en/|title=SSC Napoli Official Website|website=SSC Napoli|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Aro zuwa Empoli === A kakar wasa ta 2023 zuwa 2024 an tura Caprile aro zuwa ƙungiyar [[Empoli F.C.]] inda ya samu damar buga wasanni a gasar Serie A ta Italiya. Ya yi fice wajen ceton ƙwallaye masu wahala kuma ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar wajen samun sakamako masu kyau a wasu wasanni masu muhimmanci.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.empolifc.com/|title=Empoli FC Official Website|website=Empoli FC|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> === Aro zuwa Cagliari === Daga baya kuma an tura shi aro zuwa [[Cagliari Calcio]] domin ci gaba da samun lokacin wasa. Masana ƙwallon ƙafa da dama sun yaba masa saboda kwarin guiwa da natsuwar da yake nunawa duk da ƙarancin shekarunsa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cagliaricalcio.com/|title=Cagliari Calcio Official Website|website=Cagliari Calcio|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa == Caprile ya wakilci ƙasar Italiya a matakin ‘yan ƙasa da shekaru 21. Ya kasance daga cikin matasan masu tsaron gida da ake ganin za su iya zama manyan ‘yan wasan ƙasar a nan gaba. Kwarewarsa wajen dakatar da bugun fenariti da kuma iya sadarwa da masu tsaron baya ya sa yake samun yabo daga masu horarwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.figc.it/it/nazionali/|title=Italy National Teams|website=FIGC|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Salon wasa == Elia Caprile an san shi da tsayi da kuma saurin kai-komo wajen kare ƙwallaye. Yana da ƙwarewa wajen kama kwallaye masu ƙarfi da kuma iya fara kai hari daga baya ta hanyar amfani da ƙafafunsa wajen bayar da dogayen passes. Haka kuma yana da ƙarfin hali wajen fuskantar ‘yan gaba a yanayin mutum da mutum.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/lists/who-is-elia-caprile/blt|title=Who is Elia Caprile?|website=Goal.com|access-date=2026-05-10}}</ref> == Nasarori == === Kungiya === ; Napoli * Serie A: 2022–23 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin waje == * [https://www.transfermarkt.com/elia-caprile/profil/spieler/668742 Elia Caprile] a shafin Transfermarkt * [https://int.soccerway.com/players/elia-caprile/623457/ Elia Caprile] a shafin Soccerway [[Category: Haifaffun 2001]] [[Category:Mutanen Verona]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwallon kafa na Italiya]] [[Category:Masu tsaron gida na kwallon kafa]] [[Category:Yan wasan Napoli]] [[Category:Yan wasan Empoli]] [[Category:Yan wasan Cagliari]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] n3pz84z1mulshqu481i161bt8j9w7iq 0 150450 961786 833877 2026-10-02T07:17:57Z BnHamid 12586 961786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Florenzi, Roma-Udinese 17 marzo 2014.jpg|thumb]] '''Alessandro Florenzi''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 Maris 1991 a Rome, Italiya) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma ɗan wasan ƙasar Italiya wanda ya shahara da iya taka leda a matsayin ɗan baya na dama, ɗan tsakiya da kuma winger.<ref name="bio1">Football Italia Profile</ref> == Rayuwa ta Farko == Florenzi ya taso ne a birnin Rome, inda ya fara sha’awar ƙwallon ƙafa tun yana ƙarami kuma ya shiga makarantar horar da matasa ta AS Roma.<ref name="youth1">AS Roma Youth Academy Records</ref> Ya nuna kwarewa tun da wuri wanda ya taimaka masa samun shiga babban tawagar Roma daga baya.<ref name="youth2">Serie A Youth Development Report</ref> == Ayyukan Kulob (Club Career) == === AS Roma === Florenzi ya fara buga wasa a babban kulob ɗin AS Roma a shekarar 2011 bayan ya yi nasara a matakin matasa.<ref name="roma1">AS Roma Official History</ref> Ya buga wasanni da dama a matsayin ɗan wasa mai aiki tukuru kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin ‘yan wasan da ake dogaro da su a kulob ɗin.<ref name="roma2">Serie A Player Statistics</ref> A cikin 2011, ya yi ƙoƙari mai kyau a wasan farko da ya taka leda a Serie A, inda ya zura kwallo mai muhimmanci wanda ya ƙara masa suna a duniya.<ref name="goal1">UEFA Match Report 2011</ref> === Wasannin aro da canjin kulob === Daga baya Florenzi ya buga wasa a matsayin aro a kulob ɗin Crotone inda ya samu ƙarin kwarewa da damar nuna basirarsa.<ref name="crotone1">Crotone FC Season Review</ref> Bayan haka ya koma Roma inda ya ci gaba da zama muhimmin ɗan wasa kafin daga bisani ya koma Paris Saint-Germain a Faransa a matsayin aro.<ref name="psg1">PSG Official Announcement</ref> === AC Milan === Daga baya ya koma AC Milan inda ya ci gaba da taka leda a Serie A kuma ya taimaka wajen karfafa tsaron kulob ɗin.<ref name="milan1">AC Milan Official Website</ref> == Ayyukan Kasa (International Career) == Florenzi ya wakilci ƙasar Italiya a matakan matasa da manya.<ref name="italy1">FIGC National Team Records</ref> Ya shiga tawagar Italiya a manyan gasanni ciki har da UEFA European Championship.<ref name="euro1">UEFA Euro Squad Lists</ref> Ya kasance cikin tawagar da ta lashe UEFA Euro 2020 tare da Italiya, inda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin ɗan wasa mai juriya da iya tsaro.<ref name="euro2">UEFA Euro 2020 Final Report</ref> == Salon Wasa == Florenzi ya shahara da juriya, gudu, da iya taka leda a wurare daban-daban a filin wasa.<ref name="style1">Tactical Analysis Serie A</ref> Ana iya amfani da shi a matsayin ɗan baya, winger ko ɗan tsakiya gwargwadon bukatar tawaga.<ref name="style2">Coach Tactical Reports</ref> == Rayuwa ta Kai (Personal Life) == Florenzi mutum ne mai zaman lafiya wanda ke kula da rayuwarsa ta sirri daga kafafen watsa labarai.<ref name="life1">Player Interview Series</ref> Yana da iyali kuma yana mai da hankali kan horo da aiki.<ref name="life2">Sports Lifestyle Magazine</ref> == Nasarori == UEFA Euro 2020 Champion (Italiya)<ref name="euro2" /> Serie A Champion (tare da kulob daban-daban)<ref name="honor1">Serie A Honors List</ref> Ligue 1 Champion (PSG)<ref name="psg2">Ligue 1 Records</ref> == Duba kuma == Ƙwallon ƙafa a Italiya AS Roma AC Milan == Manazarta == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Florenzi, Alessandro}} [[Category:‘Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Italiya]] [[Category:‘Yan wasan AS Roma]] [[Category:‘Yan wasan AC Milan]] [[Category:An haife su a 1991]] 1r8ug2qy42p5a2cveqekpi6odru8id5 0 150489 961759 834003 2026-10-02T06:59:58Z BnHamid 12586 961759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A watan Afrilu 2026, an gano barkewar cutar [[Hantavirus|hantavirus]] sakamakon ƙwayar cutar Andes a kan jirgin yawon buɗe ido na [[Netherlands|Hollandiyanci]] mai suna [[MV Hondius|MV ''Hondius'']]. A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2026, jirgin ya tashi daga Ushuaia, [[Argentina]]. Wani fasinja a cikin jirgin ya mutu sakamakon ƙwayar cutar a ranar 11 ga [[Afrilu]]. An cire gawarsa daga jirgin a [[Saint Halena]] a ranar 24 ga Afrilu, inda matarsa ta sauka kafin ta mutu kwanaki biyu daga baya a wani asibiti a [[Johannesburg]]. Wani fasinja na uku ma ya mutu a kan jirgin. An tura wani fasinja ɗan Birtaniya zuwa Johannesburg don samun magani, yana cikin mawuyacin hali amma har yanzu yana cikin kwanciyar hankali. Ko da yake jirgin ya tsaya a [[Praia]] na tsawon kwanaki uku, babu wanda ya sauka, saboda cibiyoyin gida ba su iya gudanar da fitar da mutane cikin aminci ba. Bayan Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta [[Ispaniya]] ta amince da isowar jirgin a [[Tsibiran Canary]], ya tashi zuwa Tenerife a ranar 6 ga Mayu, inda aka kwashe fasinjojin zuwa kasashensu. Jirgin ya tafi zuwa Tenerife tare da karin kayan aikin lafiya da mutane 147 a ciki. Da zarar ya iso a ranar 10 ga Mayu, fasinjoji suka fara sauka daga jirgin kuma jiragen sama na kwashe su zuwa kasashe shida na Turai da [[Kanada]] sun tashi.{{citation needed}} Kwayar cutar Andes ita ce kaɗai hantavirus da aka sani da yaduwa tsakanin mutane. Wannan yaduwa, kodayake ba kasafai ake samun ta ba, ta taɓa faruwa a baya, galibi a lokutan kusanci mai tsawo kuma akai-akai. Tun farkon barkewar cutar, [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] (WHO) ta jaddada cewa haɗarin barkewar annoba ƙanƙanta ne saboda wannan ƙarancin, kuma a barkewar da ta gabata an lura da yaduwa kaɗan kawai tsakanin waɗanda suka yi kusanci.{{citation needed}}{{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Masifun 2026 a Afirka]] [[Rukuni:Barkewar cututtuka na 2026]] [[Rukuni:2026 a Cape Verde]] [[Rukuni:2026 a Saint Helena]] [[Rukuni:2026 a Afirka ta Kudu]] [[Rukuni:2026 a Holand]] [[Rukuni:Afrilu 2026 a Afirka]] [[Rukuni:Afrilu 2026 a Argentina]] [[Rukuni:Tsibirin Ascension]] [[Rukuni:Barkewar cututtuka a kan jiragen yawon buɗe ido]] [[Rukuni:Barkewar Hantavirus]] [[Rukuni:Masifar lafiya a Afirka]] [[Rukuni:Hatsarurrukan ruwa a shekarar 2026]] [[Rukuni:Hatsarurrukan ruwa a Afirka]] [[Rukuni:Mayu 2026 a Afirka]] [[Rukuni:Praia]] ihyy6ksbj2y9jzqvr1ufxqn0e5vtwd0 0 150859 961651 834933 2026-10-02T04:22:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Enzio Imaniel Ruel Boldewijn''' (an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1992) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne]] ɗan ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan gefe]] ko [[Mai buga baya|mai tsaron baya]] a ƙungiyar National League ta Wealdstone . Ya fara aikinsa a ƙasarsa ta Netherlands kafin ya koma Ingila a shekarar 2016 don ya koma Crawley Town . == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === Boldewijn ya fara aikinsa a SC Voorland da ke [[Amsterdam]], kafin ya koma Utrecht . A ranar 6 ga Agusta 2011, Boldewijn ya fara buga wasa a Utrecht a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 0-0 da VVV-Venlo, inda ya buga wasa na tsawon mintuna 77 kafin Stefano Lilipaly ya maye gurbinsa. A ranar 1 ga Yulin 2012, Boldewijn ya koma ƙungiyar Eerste Divisie FC Den Bosch a matsayin aro na tsawon kakar wasa don samun ƙwarewar ƙungiyar farko. A ranar 12 ga Agusta 2012, Boldewijn ya fara buga wasa a FC Den Bosch a wasan da FC Oss ta sha kashi da ci 2-1, inda ya buga wasa har zuwa minti na 80 kafin Anthony van den Hurk ya maye gurbinsa. A ranar 15 ga Afrilun 2013, Boldewijn ya zura ƙwallonsa ta farko a FC Den Bosch a wasan da suka yi nasara da ci 5-1 a kan Almere City, inda ya zura ƙwallo a minti na 63. === Birnin Almere === A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2013, Boldewijn ya koma Almere City bayan karewar kwantiraginsa da Utrecht. A ranar 3 ga Agusta, 2013, Boldewijn ya fara buga wa Almere City wasa a wasan da suka sha kashi da ci 3-2 a hannun FC Volendam . A ranar 27 ga Satumba, 2013, Boldewijn ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a Almere City a wasan da suka doke Helmond Sport da ci 3-1, inda ya zura kwallon ta uku a ragar Almere City. Boldewijn ya fara nuna kwarin gwiwa tsakanin shekaru biyu na karshe a Almere City, inda ya zura kwallaye goma sha hudu a wasanni sama da sittin. === Garin Crawley === A ranar 16 ga Mayu 2016, Boldewijn ya amince da yarjejeniyar shiga ƙungiyar League Two Crawley Town a ranar 1 ga Yuli, bayan an sallame shi daga Almere City. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2016 |title=Reds going Dutch! |url=http://www.crawleytownfc.com/news/article/crawley-town-3113968.aspx |publisher=Crawley Town F.C.}}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Agusta 2016, Boldewijn ya fara buga wa Crawley wasa a wasan da suka doke Wycombe Wanderers da ci 1-0. Bayan kwana uku, Boldewijn ya zura kwallonsa ta farko ga Crawley a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun Wolverhampton Wanderers da ci 2-1 a gasar cin kofin EFL . Crawley ya ba shi sabuwar kwangila a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2017-18. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2018 |title=Crawley Town offer trio new deals but allow Jordan Roberts to leave |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44114797 |access-date=15 May 2018 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> === Gundumar Notts === A ranar 4 ga Yulin 2018, Boldewijn ya koma ƙungiyar Notts County ta League Two a kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba. Ya zira kwallaye 22 a wasanni 128 da ya buga wa Magpies kafin a sake shi a ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2020-21 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2021 |title=Retained list 2021 |url=https://www.nottscountyfc.co.uk/news/2021/june/retained-list-150621/ |website=Notts County FC}}</ref> === Sutton United === A ranar 6 ga Yulin 2021, Boldewijn ya koma ƙungiyar Sutton United da ke buga League Two a kakar wasa ta bana, bayan da aka canja masa wasa kyauta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 July 2021 |title=Enzio Boldewijn: Sutton United sign former Notts County winger |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/57736481 |access-date=6 July 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Yana cikin ƙungiyar da ta kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin EFL ta 2022, inda ya zira kwallaye a wasan da Sutton ta doke Wigan Athletic a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, duk da cewa bai yi amfani da shi ba a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Papa John’s Trophy Final – Rotherham United 4 - 2 Sutton United – 2021-2022 |url=https://www.footballwebpages.co.uk/match/2021-2022/efl-trophy/rotherham-united/sutton-united/398574 |access-date=5 October 2025 |website=Football Web Pages}}</ref> === Eastleigh === A watan Yunin 2023, Boldewijn ya koma kungiyar National League Eastleigh a kan yarjejeniyar canja wuri kyauta. [1] A watan Disamba na 2023, an alakanta shi da komawa tsohuwar kungiyarsa Crawley Town, amma an ruwaito cewa ya zabi ci gaba da zama a Eastleigh. [2] Ya bar kungiyar bayan karewar kwantiraginsa a karshen kakar wasa ta 2023-24 . [3] === Wealdstone === A ranar 11 ga Yuni 2024, Boldewijn ya koma Wealdstone na National League a kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya tare da zaɓin ƙarin watanni goma sha biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 June 2024 |title=Stones complete signing of thrilling Dutch forward |url=https://www.wealdstone-fc.com/post/stones-complete-signing-of-thrilling-dutch-forward |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=www.wealdstone-fc.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611160633/https://www.wealdstone-fc.com/post/stones-complete-signing-of-thrilling-dutch-forward |archive-date=11 June 2024 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya zira kwallonsa ta farko a ƙungiyar a ranar 18 ga Janairu 2025, inda ya zira kwallon da ta daidaita a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 da Hartlepool United . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 January 2025 |title=Wealdstone 1-1 Hartlepool United |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/live/cvg8ev59nyqt |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2025, an sanar da cewa Boldewijn ya yi kwangilar zuwa Wealdstone don kakar wasa ta 2025-26, <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2025 |title=Retained List 2025 |url=https://www.wealdstone-fc.com/post/retained-list-2025 |website=Wealdstone FC |access-date=12 May 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616185714/https://www.wealdstone-fc.com/post/retained-list-2025 |archive-date=16 June 2025 |url-status=dead}}</ref> wanda kafin hakan aka naɗa shi ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan kyaftin na ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite tweet|user=WealdstoneFC|title=🫡 Your 2025/26 Captaincy team! Jack Cook - Captain Max Kretzschmar - Vice-Captain Enzio Boldewijn - Vice-Captain}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Boldewijn a ƙasar Netherlands, kuma asalinsa ɗan asalin ƙasar Surinam ne. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profvoetballers van Surinaamse afkomst |url=https://www.natiosuriname.com/p/profvoetballers-van-surinaamse-afkomst.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924084846/https://www.natiosuriname.com/p/profvoetballers-van-surinaamse-afkomst.html |archive-date=24 September 2020 |access-date=22 November 2020 |website=Natio Suriname &#124; Voetbal}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == {{Updated|match played 14 April 2026.<ref name="E. Boldewijn"/>}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Utrecht |2011–12 |Eredivisie |11 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |12 |0 |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Den Bosch (loan) |2012–13 |Eerste Divisie |31 |1 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |34 |1 |- | rowspan="4" valign="center" |Almere City |2013–14 |Eerste Divisie |27 |2 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |28 |2 |- |2014–15 |Eerste Divisie |31 |7 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |34 |7 |- |2015–16 |Eerste Divisie |35 |7 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |— |4 |1 |41 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !93 !16 !5 !1 ! colspan="2" |— !5 !1 !103 !18 |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Crawley Town |2016–17 | rowspan="2" valign="center" |League Two |46 |5 |2 |0 |1 |1 |3 |0 |52 |6 |- |2017–18 |45 |10 |1 |0 |1 |0 |1<ref group="lower-alpha" name="EFT" /> |0 |48 |10 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !91 !15 !3 !0 !2 !1 !4 !0 !100 !16 |- | rowspan="4" valign="center" |Notts County |2018–19 |League Two |36 |5 |1 |0 |0 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="EFT" /> |1 |39 |6 |- |2019–20 |National League |39 |8 |3 |1 |0 |0 |4 |0 |46 |9 |- |2020–21 |National League |41 |7 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2<ref group="lower-alpha" name="FAT" /> |0 |43 |7 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !116 !20 !4 !1 !0 !0 !8 !1 !128 !22 |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Sutton United |2021–22 |League Two |39 |2 |2 |0 |1 |0 |7<ref group="lower-alpha" name="EFT" /> |0 |49 |2 |- |2022–23 |League Two |45 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |3<ref group="lower-alpha" name="EFT" /> |0 |49 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !84 !3 !3 !0 !1 !0 !10 !0 !98 !3 |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Eastleigh |2023–24 |National League |42 |6 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1<ref group="lower-alpha" name="FAT" /> |0 |47 |6 |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Wealdstone |2024–25 |National League |45 |2 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3{{Efn|Includes [[FA Trophy]] and [[National League Cup (football)|National League Cup]]}} |0 |51 |2 |- |2025–26 |National League |41 |5 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |7[e] |1 |51 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !86 !7 !6 !0 !0 !0 !10 !1 !102 !8 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !554 !68 !29 !2 !3 !1 !38 !3 !624 !74 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rb0ypj33z8ptbr3ujt4k17otvcl2tts 0 152019 961773 839134 2026-10-02T07:10:31Z BnHamid 12586 961773 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bruneau Laurette''' (an haife ta a ranar 20 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1974) 'yar gwagwarmayar zamantakewar al'umma ce kuma 'yar siyasa ce ta Mauritian. == Tasirin siyasa == A ranar 29 ga Agusta 2020, Bruneau Laurette ta tattara ɗimbin al'ummar Mauritius waɗanda suka yi zanga-zangar kawo sauyi mai tsauri kan yadda ake yin siyasa a Mauritius kuma suna goyon bayan zaɓen sabuwar gwamnati.[1][2][3][4] A ranar 2 ga Maris 2021, Bruneau Laurette, ya ba da sanarwar ƙirƙirar jam'iyyarsa ta siyasa.[1][2] A ranar 7 ga Maris 2023, Laurette ta shiga One Moris, ƙungiyar Sherry Singh, tsohon Shugaba na Mauritius Telecom.[3] == Kamawa == A ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2022, an kama Bruneau Laurette da ɗansa. 'Yan sanda sun kwace bindigogi da kilo 46 na hashish a gidan mai fafutuka da motar. A cewar Laurette, shi ne wanda aka shirya. An saki Laurette a kan beli a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Libéré, Bruneau Laurette maintient ses allégations de «drug planting» |url=https://defimedia.info/libere-bruneau-laurette-maintient-ses-allegations-de-drug-planting |access-date=11 March 2023 |website=Defimedia}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * Bruneau Laurettea kanFacebook [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] 84hk587knzurug81kcl0f1zs2askwx5 0 152065 961757 839288 2026-10-02T06:59:03Z BnHamid 12586 961757 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abibatu Iyadunni Stockl''' ɗaya ce daga cikin fitattun mata masu aikin '''assistant referee''' (mai riƙe da tuta ko lineswoman) a ƙwallon ƙafa daga Najeriya. Ta samu amincewar FIFA da CAF domin jagorantar wasannin ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma tana cikin jerin jami’an wasa na Najeriya da ke wakiltar ƙasar a manyan gasannin nahiyar Afirka da duniya. <ref>{{Cite news |title=FIFA Releases Nigeria’s 2026 International Referees List |url=https://von.gov.ng/fifa-releases-nigerias-2026-international-referees-list/ |work=Voice of Nigeria |date=2026-01-03 |access-date=2026-05-23}}</ref> == Rayuwa da Farkon Aiki == Iyadunni Stockl ta fara aikin alkalancin ƙwallon ƙafa ne a Najeriya kafin daga baya ta samu horo da takardun cancanta daga Hukumar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Duniya (FIFA) da kuma Hukumar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Afirka (CAF). Ta shahara musamman wajen aikin '''assistant referee''', wato taimakawa babban alkalin wasa wajen lura da offside, sauyin wasa, da sauran dokokin wasa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=FIFA Releases Nigeria’s 2026 International Referees List As 30 Officials Earn Global Approval |url=https://www.sports247.ng/fifa-releases-nigerias-2026-international-referees-list-as-30-officials-earn-global-approval/ |work=Sports247 Nigeria |date=2026-01-01 |access-date=2026-05-23}}</ref> == Aikin Ƙasa da Ƙasa == A shekarar 2019, FIFA ta saka sunan Abibatu Iyadunni Stockl cikin jerin jami’an wasan duniya daga Najeriya a matsayin '''Assistant Referee'''. Wannan matsayi ya ba ta damar shiga manyan wasanni ƙarƙashin FIFA da CAF a faɗin Afirka da sauran sassan duniya. <ref>{{Cite news |title=FIFA Releases Nigeria’s 2026 International Referees List |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/football/fifa-releases-nigeria-s-2026-international-referees-list |work=Africa Sport Network |date=2026-01-03 |access-date=2026-05-23}}</ref> Ta ci gaba da kasancewa cikin jerin jami’an wasan FIFA na Najeriya har zuwa shekarar 2026, abin da ya nuna dorewar ƙwarewarta da amincewar da hukumomin ƙwallon ƙafa suke da ita a kanta. <ref>{{Cite news |title=2026: FIFA names 30 Nigerian officials on international referees’ list |url=https://blueprint.ng/2026-fifa-names-30-nigerian-officials-on-international-referees-list/ |work=Blueprint Newspapers |date=2026-01-02 |access-date=2026-05-23}}</ref> == Matsayi a Ƙwallon Ƙafan Najeriya == Iyadunni Stockl na daga cikin mata kaɗan da suka yi fice a harkar alkalancin ƙwallon ƙafa a Najeriya. Shigarta cikin jerin jami’an FIFA ana kallonsa a matsayin wani babban ci gaba ga mata a harkar wasanni a ƙasar. Ta kuma taimaka wajen ƙara wakilcin Najeriya a fannin alkalanci na duniya. <ref>{{Cite news |title=FIFA places 11 Nigerian referees, 11 assistant referees on 2024 international lists |url=https://www.africasport.net/article/athletics/fifa-places-11-nigerian-referees-11-assistant-referees-on-2024-international-lists |work=Africa Sport Network |date=2023-12-14 |access-date=2026-05-23}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[FIFA]] * [[Confederation of African Football]] * [[Nigeria Football Federation]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Yan wasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Alkalan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] [[Category:Matan Najeriya]] [[Category:Masu aikin FIFA]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] oxgor64xipc2wymix5gc5me2l05x79m 0 153729 961794 858531 2026-10-02T07:23:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961794 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Fatimatou Mint Abdel Malick''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1958) ɗan siyasan [[Muritaniya|Mauritanci]] ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin magajin garin Tevragh-Zeina tun shekara ta 2001. Ita ce mace ta farko a kasar ta da ta rike mukamin magajin gari. Daga 2012 zuwa 2015 ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar The Network for Local Elected Women of Africa (REFELA). == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Abdel Malik a shekara ta 1958 a Tamchakett, inda mahaifinta ya kasance mai gudanarwa.<ref name="Fatima"/> Ta yi karatun kimiyyar kwamfuta a Louvain-la-Neuve, [[Beljik|Belgium]] . <ref name="Fatima" /> == Ayyuka == Abdel Malik ya gudanar da ofishin sabis na kwamfuta, MINFE, a [[Nouakchott]] kafin ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da cibiyar sadarwa na Bankin Habitat . <ref name="Fatima"/><ref name="leaders">{{Cite web |title=Fatimetou Abdel Malik |url=http://www.leaders-afrique.com/fatimetou-abdel-malik/ |publisher=Leaders Afrique |language=fr |access-date=2026-05-31 |archive-date=2019-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420133149/http://www.leaders-afrique.com/fatimetou-abdel-malik/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga nan ta yi aiki a Ma'aikatar Shirye-shiryen Birane da Ma'aikata kafin a nada ta a Ofishin Firayim Minista.<ref name="leaders" /> A shekara ta 2001, Jam'iyyar Democrat da Social Republican Party (PRDS) ta nemi Abdel Malick ta yi takarar karamar hukuma, kuma an zabe ta a matsayin magajin gari na Tevragh-Zeina, ɗaya daga cikin yankuna tara na yankin Nouakchott Urban Community . <ref name="Fatima">{{Cite web |last=Faujas |first=Alain |date=10 September 2015 |title=Fatimetou Abdel Malik, première femme maire de Mauritanie |url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/mag/263061/politique/fatimetou-abdel-malik-premiere-femme-maire-de-mauritanie/ |access-date=19 March 2017 |website=Jeune Afrique |language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Borenstein |first=Seth |last2=Charlton |first2=Angela |last3=Ritter |first3=Karl |date=4 December 2015 |title=Odd climate math: The difference between 2 degree and 1.5 degree goal much bigger than 0.5 |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/business/articles/2015/12/04/matter-of-degree-temperature-goal-in-climate-talks-an-issue |access-date=19 March 2017 |website=US News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2015 |title=Daily report of the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR) |url=http://www.preventionweb.net/news/view/43258 |access-date=19 March 2017 |website=International Institute for Sustainable Development |publisher=Prevention Web}}</ref> Ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi aiki a matsayin magajin gari a Mauritania . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2013 |title=Femmes élues dans le monde : focus sur 13 politiques engagées |url=http://www.elle.fr/Societe/L-actu-en-images/Femmes-elues-dans-le-monde-focus-sur-13-politiques-engagees/Fatimetou-Mint-Abdel-Malick-dirigeante-africaine |access-date=19 March 2017 |website=Elle}}</ref> Ta inganta ilimin makaranta, musamman ga 'yan mata, kuma ta sake fasalin gwamnati.<ref name="role">{{Cite web |last=Rheinheimer |first=Elisa |date=15 June 2016 |title=Role model for Africa's women |url=https://en.qantara.de/content/profile-fatimetou-mint-abdel-malick-role-model-for-africas-women |access-date=19 March 2017 |website=Qantara.de}}</ref> An sake zabar ta a 2006, 2011 da 2015. <ref name="leaders"/><ref name="role" /> Daga 2012 har zuwa Disamba 2015, Abdel Malick ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Cibiyar Nazarin Mata ta Afirka. <ref name="local">{{Cite web |date=4 December 2015 |title=La camerounaise Célestine Ketcha Courtès accède au trône du Refela |url=https://www.lebledparle.com/du-bled/1100713-la-camerounaise-celestine-ketcha-courtes-accede-au-trone-du-refela |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=Le Bled Parle |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420120248/https://www.lebledparle.com/du-bled/1100713-la-camerounaise-celestine-ketcha-courtes-accede-au-trone-du-refela |archive-date=20 April 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Cibiyar sadarwa, wacce aka kafa a [[Tanja|Tangier]] a watan Maris na shekara ta 2011, ta haɗu da mata da aka zaba a mukaman kananan hukumomi.<ref name="local" /><ref name="diplomat">{{Cite web |last=Aaron |first=Onana N. |date=2 December 2015 |title=Diplomatie: Célestine Ketcha Courtès prend les rênes du Réseau des Femmes Elues Locales d'Afrique (REFELA) |url=http://www.africapresse.com/diplomatie-celestine-ketcha-courtes-prend-les-renes-du-reseau-des-femmes-elues-locales-dafrique-refela/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420120245/http://www.africapresse.com/diplomatie-celestine-ketcha-courtes-prend-les-renes-du-reseau-des-femmes-elues-locales-dafrique-refela/ |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=Africa Presse |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="cities">{{Cite magazine|url-status=45–46}}{{Dead link|date=January 2020}}</ref> Abdel Malick ta yi tafiya a ko'ina cikin Mauritania don tallafawa 'yan takarar mata don ofis kuma ta ga wasu mata biyar sun shiga ta a matsayin magajin gari, gami da [[Maty Mint Hamady]] . <ref name="Fatima"/> A cikin 2023, Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya [[António Guterres]] ya nada Abdel Malick ya zama shugaban kungiyarsa mai ba da shawara kan gwamnatocin kananan hukumomi da na yanki, tare da Pilar Cancela Rodríguez . == Kyaututtuka da girmamawa == * Shirye-shiryen Kasa da Kasa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Rage Bala'i "Champion for Resilience" 2013 * Knight of Honor na [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Kongo]] 2013 * Medal na FAO na 2015 <ref name="leaders"/> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Abdel Malick uwa ce mai zaman kanta ga yara uku.<ref name="Fatima"/> Ita [[Musulmi]] ce.<ref name="role"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] l8610z99hxba40aeg8dcxpadgafylum 0 154735 961513 903839 2026-10-01T18:20:54Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Jerin Ambaliyar Ruwa */ 961513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ambaliyar ruwa a kasar[[Tunisiya]] na faruwa ne musamman saboda ruwan sama mai yawa, musamman a lokacin hunturu, wanda ke haifar da ambaliya a koguna da rafuka. Koguna kamar [[Oued Merguellil]], Oued el Hadjar, da Oued el Hattab. A cewar bayanai daga Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi ta Kasa [[Tunisiya|ta Tunisiya,]] an sami ambaliyar ruwa mai yawa a kasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tunisia's National Institute of Meteorology |url=https://www.meteo.tn/en/pluviometries#:~:text=The%20amounts%20of%20rainfall,Rapha%C3%ABl%202.1.0.&text=millimeters%20during%20the%20last,Rapha%C3%ABl%202.1.0.&text=of%20the%2011%2D01%2D2025%20at,Rapha%C3%ABl%202.1.0.&text=to%2012%2D01%2D2025%20at%2007%3A00,Rapha%C3%ABl%202.1.0.}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2022, wasu yankuna sun fuskanci tarin ruwan sama har zuwa 120.&nbsp;mm a cikin kwanaki huɗu, wanda ya zarce ninki biyu na matsakaicin ruwan sama na wata-wata. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-03 |title=Tunisia: Flash Floods - Mar 2022 {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/disaster/fl-2022-000190-tun#:~:text=On%20Saturday%2019%20March,heavy%20rain.&text=country%20and%20central-west%20regions,heavy%20rain.&text=to%20locally%20reach%20an,heavy%20rain.&text=a%20second%20person%20is,heavy%20rain. |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}</ref> Nazarin ƙididdiga ya nuna cewa ambaliyar ruwa ta kai kusan kashi 60% na jimillar asarar tattalin arziki da ta shafi bala'i a [[Tunisiya]] daga 1957 zuwa 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |title=World Bank and AFD Join Efforts to Strengthen Tunisia's Disaster Resilience Capacities |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2021/03/11/world-bank-and-afd-join-efforts-to-strengthen-tunisia-s-disaster-resilience-capacities#:~:text=Tunisia%20is%20highly%20exposed,560,000%20people).&text=sand%20encroachment,%20and%20snowstorms.,560,000%20people).&text=1957%20and%202018),%20floods,560,000%20people).&text=percent%20of%20total%20losses),,560,000%20people). |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=World Bank |language=en}}</ref> A wannan lokacin, sama da mutane 560,000 ambaliyar ta shafa. == Jerin Ambaliyar Ruwa == === Satumba 2020 === * A watan Satumba na shekarar 2020, ruwan sama mai ƙarfi ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa a garuruwa da birane da dama na Tunisiya, ciki har da Monastir, Sousse, Mahdia, da [[Tunis]] . Jimillar ruwan sama ya kai 47.8&nbsp;mm a cikin Monastir da 89&nbsp;mm a Kairouan cikin awanni 24. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-06 |title=Tunisia: Flash Floods - Sep 2020 {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/disaster/ff-2020-000204-tun |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}</ref> Ambaliyar ruwa a Tunis ta haifar da zurfin ruwa sama da mita ɗaya, wanda ya haifar da rufe hanyoyi da lalacewar gine-gine. A cewar Hukumar Kare Fararen Hula ta Tunisiya, ambaliyar ruwan ta yi sanadiyyar mutuwar akalla mutane shida, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tunisia: Recent heavy rains kill at least six September 12 |url=https://crisis24.garda.com/alerts/2020/09/tunisia-recent-heavy-rains-kill-at-least-six-september-12 |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=Tunisia: Recent heavy rains kill at least six September 12 {{!}} Crisis24 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Celestial |first=Julie |date=2020-09-15 |title=At least 6 dead after days of heavy rains trigger flooding in Tunisia |url=https://watchers.news/2020/09/15/tunisia-flood-september-2020/ |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=The Watchers |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma sama da mutane 40,000 sun jikkata, wanda ya haifar da ƙaura da asarar dukiya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tunisia – Floods Leave 6 Dead After Days of Heavy Rain – FloodList |url=https://floodlist.com/africa/tunisia-floods-september-2020 |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tunisia: Flash Floods - Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) DREF n° MDRTN009 |url=https://reliefweb.int/attachments/9e66501c-b340-32df-976e-ead7381b444e/MDRTN009do.pdf}}</ref> === Janairu 2026 === * A watan Janairun 2026, akalla mutane hudu sun mutu a Moknine, inda aka ruwaito wani wanda ya mutu, sannan hudu suka bata, yayin da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye Tunisiya, lamarin da ya jawo ruwan sama mafi karfi a kasar tun shekarar 1950. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 January 2026 |title=Tunisia flood death toll rises to five, with four missing |url=https://www.newarab.com/news/tunisia-flood-death-toll-rises-five-four-missing |publisher=The New Arab |access-date=4 June 2026 |archive-date=4 June 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260604114225/https://www.newarab.com/news/tunisia-flood-death-toll-rises-five-four-missing |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tituna sun cika da ruwa, motoci sun nutse, kuma harkokin yau da kullum sun tsaya cak. Makarantu a Tunis, Nabeul, Sousse, da Béja sun rufe, kuma an shafi harkokin sufuri da kotuna, inda ruwan sama ya kai {{Convert|206|mm}} a cikin Sidi Bou Said . <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 January 2026 |title=At least four dead as floods sweep across Tunisia |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/least-four-dead-floods-sweep-across-tunisia-2026-01-20/ |publisher=Reuters}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2026 |title=Four killed by floods after Tunisia’s worst rainfall in 70 years |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/1/20/four-killed-by-floods-after-tunisias-worst-rainfall-in-70-years |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref> == Manazarta == khdvjilzdinbbqri57xjoowd0zor9dr 0 156235 961423 961361 2026-10-01T15:41:54Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 961423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Lisabi: An haifi Labari |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Lisabi-A-Legend-Is-Born22-movie-poster-2025.jpg|frameless]] |- class="infobox-hiddenrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data description" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yoruba | class="infobox-data" |''Lisabi a cikin zobba a bi'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |[[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |Niyi Akinmolayan Yinka Olaoye<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Oyebade Adebimpe AdedimejiVictoria Akujobi<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] * [[Adebimpe Oyebade]] * [[Odunlade Adekola]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Waƙoƙi ta | class="infobox-data" |[[Tolu Obanro]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Kamfanoni masu samarwa<br /></div> | class="infobox-data" |<div style="vertical-align: middle;">Al Notions StudiosAnthill Studios<br /></div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An rarraba ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |[[Netflix]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-s Lisabi: An haifi Labari fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Najeriya na 2025 wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta kuma Yinka Olaoye da Akinmolayan suka rubuta shi. Yana aiki ne a matsayin kashi na biyu a cikin kashi biyu na rayuwa da gado na Lisabi, jarumi Yoruba kuma mai gwagwarmayar 'yanci daga karni na 18.[1][2] Tauraron fim din [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi, tare da simintin da suka hada da [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]], [[Adebimpe Oyebade]], Olarotimi Fakunle, [[Olumide Oworu]], [[Jide Awobona]], Ibraheem Lateef Adebayo da [[Muyiwa Ademola]]. ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 10 ga Janairu 2025 akan [[Netflix]]. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin haihuwar da hawan jarumin Lísàbí Agbongbo-Akala, wanda aka ƙaddara ya jagoranci da kare mutanen Egba daga mai mulki mai yaudara. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi * [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]] a matsayin Olori Alaafin * Boma Akpore a matsayin Osogbenro * [[Adebimpe Oyebade|Mo Bimpe Adedimeji]] a matsayin Ikeola == Saki da karɓa == ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' don saki a watan Janairun 2025 bayan kashi na farko, Lisabi: The Uprising . Sanarwar fim din ta haifar da farin ciki tsakanin masu sauraro da masana tarihi, tare da mutane da yawa suna yaba da mayar da hankali ga labarun tarihin Afirka. An fara fim din ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi ta Yoruba a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025. Daga baya aka sake shi a manyan gidajen silima na Najeriya kuma ya fara fitowa ta hanyar [[Netflix]] a ranar 10 ga Janairun 2025. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} 658fqwv18uszao3e3hmr4vmsu1378s1 961424 961423 2026-10-01T15:42:32Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 961424 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Lisabi: An haifi Labari |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Lisabi-A-Legend-Is-Born22-movie-poster-2025.jpg|frameless]] |- class="infobox-hiddenrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data description" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yoruba | class="infobox-data" |''Lisabi a cikin zobba a bi'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |[[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |Niyi Akinmolayan Yinka Olaoye<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Oyebade Adebimpe AdedimejiVictoria Akujobi<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] * [[Adebimpe Oyebade]] * [[Odunlade Adekola]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Waƙoƙi ta | class="infobox-data" |[[Tolu Obanro]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Kamfanoni masu samarwa<br /></div> | class="infobox-data" |<div style="vertical-align: middle;">Al Notions StudiosAnthill Studios<br /></div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An rarraba ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" Lisabi: An haifi Labari fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Najeriya na 2025 wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta kuma Yinka Olaoye da Akinmolayan suka rubuta shi. Yana aiki ne a matsayin kashi na biyu a cikin kashi biyu na rayuwa da gado na Lisabi, jarumi Yoruba kuma mai gwagwarmayar 'yanci daga karni na 18.[1][2] Tauraron fim din [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi, tare da simintin da suka hada da [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]], [[Adebimpe Oyebade]], Olarotimi Fakunle, [[Olumide Oworu]], [[Jide Awobona]], Ibraheem Lateef Adebayo da [[Muyiwa Ademola]]. ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 10 ga Janairu 2025 akan [[Netflix]]. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin haihuwar da hawan jarumin Lísàbí Agbongbo-Akala, wanda aka ƙaddara ya jagoranci da kare mutanen Egba daga mai mulki mai yaudara. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi * [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]] a matsayin Olori Alaafin * Boma Akpore a matsayin Osogbenro * [[Adebimpe Oyebade|Mo Bimpe Adedimeji]] a matsayin Ikeola == Saki da karɓa == ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' don saki a watan Janairun 2025 bayan kashi na farko, Lisabi: The Uprising . Sanarwar fim din ta haifar da farin ciki tsakanin masu sauraro da masana tarihi, tare da mutane da yawa suna yaba da mayar da hankali ga labarun tarihin Afirka. An fara fim din ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi ta Yoruba a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025. Daga baya aka sake shi a manyan gidajen silima na Najeriya kuma ya fara fitowa ta hanyar [[Netflix]] a ranar 10 ga Janairun 2025. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} 4stxfzk8gekqfb4t4ft5x6ihnmsyw3u 961426 961424 2026-10-01T15:43:32Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 961426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Lisabi: An haifi Labari |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Lisabi-A-Legend-Is-Born22-movie-poster-2025.jpg|frameless]] |- class="infobox-hiddenrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data description" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yoruba | class="infobox-data" |''Lisabi a cikin zobba a bi'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |[[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |Niyi Akinmolayan Yinka Olaoye<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Oyebade Adebimpe AdedimejiVictoria Akujobi<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] * [[Adebimpe Oyebade]] * [[Odunlade Adekola]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Waƙoƙi ta | class="infobox-data" |[[Tolu Obanro]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Kamfanoni masu samarwa<br /></div> | class="infobox-data" |<div style="vertical-align: middle;">Al Notions StudiosAnthill Studios<br Lisabi: An haifi Labari fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Najeriya na 2025 wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta kuma Yinka Olaoye da Akinmolayan suka rubuta shi. Yana aiki ne a matsayin kashi na biyu a cikin kashi biyu na rayuwa da gado na Lisabi, jarumi Yoruba kuma mai gwagwarmayar 'yanci daga karni na 18.[1][2] Tauraron fim din [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi, tare da simintin da suka hada da [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]], [[Adebimpe Oyebade]], Olarotimi Fakunle, [[Olumide Oworu]], [[Jide Awobona]], Ibraheem Lateef Adebayo da [[Muyiwa Ademola]]. ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 10 ga Janairu 2025 akan [[Netflix]]. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin haihuwar da hawan jarumin Lísàbí Agbongbo-Akala, wanda aka ƙaddara ya jagoranci da kare mutanen Egba daga mai mulki mai yaudara. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi * [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]] a matsayin Olori Alaafin * Boma Akpore a matsayin Osogbenro * [[Adebimpe Oyebade|Mo Bimpe Adedimeji]] a matsayin Ikeola == Saki da karɓa == ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' don saki a watan Janairun 2025 bayan kashi na farko, Lisabi: The Uprising . Sanarwar fim din ta haifar da farin ciki tsakanin masu sauraro da masana tarihi, tare da mutane da yawa suna yaba da mayar da hankali ga labarun tarihin Afirka. An fara fim din ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi ta Yoruba a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025. Daga baya aka sake shi a manyan gidajen silima na Najeriya kuma ya fara fitowa ta hanyar [[Netflix]] a ranar 10 ga Janairun 2025. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} 5mcqz3xbc4o1vhzocprmahqachyro9n 961427 961426 2026-10-01T15:44:19Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 961427 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Lisabi: An haifi Labari |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Lisabi-A-Legend-Is-Born22-movie-poster-2025.jpg|frameless]] |- class="infobox-hiddenrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data description" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yoruba | class="infobox-data" |''Lisabi a cikin zobba a bi'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |[[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |Niyi Akinmolayan Yinka Olaoye<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Oyebade Adebimpe AdedimejiVictoria Akujobi<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] * [[Adebimpe Oyebade]] * [[Odunlade Adekola]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Waƙoƙi ta | class="infobox-data" |[[Tolu Obanro]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Kamfanoni masu samarwa<br /></div> | class="infobox-data" |<div style="vertical-align: Lisabi: An haifi Labari fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Najeriya na 2025 wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta kuma Yinka Olaoye da Akinmolayan suka rubuta shi. Yana aiki ne a matsayin kashi na biyu a cikin kashi biyu na rayuwa da gado na Lisabi, jarumi Yoruba kuma mai gwagwarmayar 'yanci daga karni na 18.[1][2] Tauraron fim din [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi, tare da simintin da suka hada da [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]], [[Adebimpe Oyebade]], Olarotimi Fakunle, [[Olumide Oworu]], [[Jide Awobona]], Ibraheem Lateef Adebayo da [[Muyiwa Ademola]]. ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 10 ga Janairu 2025 akan [[Netflix]]. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin haihuwar da hawan jarumin Lísàbí Agbongbo-Akala, wanda aka ƙaddara ya jagoranci da kare mutanen Egba daga mai mulki mai yaudara. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi * [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]] a matsayin Olori Alaafin * Boma Akpore a matsayin Osogbenro * [[Adebimpe Oyebade|Mo Bimpe Adedimeji]] a matsayin Ikeola == Saki da karɓa == ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' don saki a watan Janairun 2025 bayan kashi na farko, Lisabi: The Uprising . Sanarwar fim din ta haifar da farin ciki tsakanin masu sauraro da masana tarihi, tare da mutane da yawa suna yaba da mayar da hankali ga labarun tarihin Afirka. An fara fim din ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi ta Yoruba a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025. Daga baya aka sake shi a manyan gidajen silima na Najeriya kuma ya fara fitowa ta hanyar [[Netflix]] a ranar 10 ga Janairun 2025. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} thhzbhv0l2ud0t5vquufv654zjqforj 961438 961427 2026-10-01T16:00:12Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 961438 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Lisabi: An haifi Labari |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Lisabi-A-Legend-Is-Born22-movie-poster-2025.jpg|frameless]] |- class="infobox-hiddenrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data description" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yoruba | class="infobox-data" |''Lisabi a cikin zobba a bi'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |[[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |Niyi Akinmolayan Yinka Olaoye<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Oyebade Adebimpe AdedimejiVictoria Akujobi<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] * [[Adebimpe Oyebade]] * [[Odunlade Adekola]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Waƙoƙi ta | class="infobox-data" |[[Tolu Obanro]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Kamfanoni masu samarwa<br /></div> | class="infobox-data" Lisabi: An haifi Labari fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Najeriya na 2025 wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta kuma Yinka Olaoye da Akinmolayan suka rubuta shi. Yana aiki ne a matsayin kashi na biyu a cikin kashi biyu na rayuwa da gado na Lisabi, jarumi Yoruba kuma mai gwagwarmayar 'yanci daga karni na 18.[1][2] Tauraron fim din [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi, tare da simintin da suka hada da [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]], [[Adebimpe Oyebade]], Olarotimi Fakunle, [[Olumide Oworu]], [[Jide Awobona]], Ibraheem Lateef Adebayo da [[Muyiwa Ademola]]. ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 10 ga Janairu 2025 akan [[Netflix]]. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin haihuwar da hawan jarumin Lísàbí Agbongbo-Akala, wanda aka ƙaddara ya jagoranci da kare mutanen Egba daga mai mulki mai yaudara. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi * [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]] a matsayin Olori Alaafin * Boma Akpore a matsayin Osogbenro * [[Adebimpe Oyebade|Mo Bimpe Adedimeji]] a matsayin Ikeola == Saki da karɓa == ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' don saki a watan Janairun 2025 bayan kashi na farko, Lisabi: The Uprising . Sanarwar fim din ta haifar da farin ciki tsakanin masu sauraro da masana tarihi, tare da mutane da yawa suna yaba da mayar da hankali ga labarun tarihin Afirka. An fara fim din ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi ta Yoruba a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025. Daga baya aka sake shi a manyan gidajen silima na Najeriya kuma ya fara fitowa ta hanyar [[Netflix]] a ranar 10 ga Janairun 2025. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} s0517xgbh92pwgkvr7mdg1w265iely0 961496 961438 2026-10-01T18:09:59Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 961496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Lisabi: An haifi Labari |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Lisabi-A-Legend-Is-Born22-movie-poster-2025.jpg|frameless]] |- class="infobox-hiddenrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data description" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yoruba | class="infobox-data" |''Lisabi a cikin zobba a bi'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |[[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |Niyi Akinmolayan Yinka Olaoye<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Oyebade Adebimpe AdedimejiVictoria Akujobi<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] * [[Adebimpe Oyebade]] * [[Odunlade Adekola]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Waƙoƙi ta | class="infobox-data" |[[Tolu Obanro]] |- ! c Lisabi: An haifi Labari fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Najeriya na 2025 wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta kuma Yinka Olaoye da Akinmolayan suka rubuta shi. Yana aiki ne a matsayin kashi na biyu a cikin kashi biyu na rayuwa da gado na Lisabi, jarumi Yoruba kuma mai gwagwarmayar 'yanci daga karni na 18.[1][2] Tauraron fim din [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi, tare da simintin da suka hada da [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]], [[Adebimpe Oyebade]], Olarotimi Fakunle, [[Olumide Oworu]], [[Jide Awobona]], Ibraheem Lateef Adebayo da [[Muyiwa Ademola]]. ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 10 ga Janairu 2025 akan [[Netflix]]. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin haihuwar da hawan jarumin Lísàbí Agbongbo-Akala, wanda aka ƙaddara ya jagoranci da kare mutanen Egba daga mai mulki mai yaudara. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi * [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]] a matsayin Olori Alaafin * Boma Akpore a matsayin Osogbenro * [[Adebimpe Oyebade|Mo Bimpe Adedimeji]] a matsayin Ikeola == Saki da karɓa == ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' don saki a watan Janairun 2025 bayan kashi na farko, Lisabi: The Uprising . Sanarwar fim din ta haifar da farin ciki tsakanin masu sauraro da masana tarihi, tare da mutane da yawa suna yaba da mayar da hankali ga labarun tarihin Afirka. An fara fim din ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi ta Yoruba a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025. Daga baya aka sake shi a manyan gidajen silima na Najeriya kuma ya fara fitowa ta hanyar [[Netflix]] a ranar 10 ga Janairun 2025. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} qg74fnfcvf7d8m7bnrpwmik496ypn5o 961497 961496 2026-10-01T18:10:47Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 961497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Lisabi: An haifi Labari |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Lisabi-A-Legend-Is-Born22-movie-poster-2025.jpg|frameless]] |- class="infobox-hiddenrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data description" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yoruba | class="infobox-data" |''Lisabi a cikin zobba a bi'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |[[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |Niyi Akinmolayan Yinka Olaoye<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Oyebade Adebimpe AdedimejiVictoria Akujobi<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] * [[Adebimpe Oyebade]] * [[Odunlade Adekola]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space Lisabi: An haifi Labari fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Najeriya na 2025 wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta kuma Yinka Olaoye da Akinmolayan suka rubuta shi. Yana aiki ne a matsayin kashi na biyu a cikin kashi biyu na rayuwa da gado na Lisabi, jarumi Yoruba kuma mai gwagwarmayar 'yanci daga karni na 18.[1][2] Tauraron fim din [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi, tare da simintin da suka hada da [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]], [[Adebimpe Oyebade]], Olarotimi Fakunle, [[Olumide Oworu]], [[Jide Awobona]], Ibraheem Lateef Adebayo da [[Muyiwa Ademola]]. ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 10 ga Janairu 2025 akan [[Netflix]]. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin haihuwar da hawan jarumin Lísàbí Agbongbo-Akala, wanda aka ƙaddara ya jagoranci da kare mutanen Egba daga mai mulki mai yaudara. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi * [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]] a matsayin Olori Alaafin * Boma Akpore a matsayin Osogbenro * [[Adebimpe Oyebade|Mo Bimpe Adedimeji]] a matsayin Ikeola == Saki da karɓa == ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' don saki a watan Janairun 2025 bayan kashi na farko, Lisabi: The Uprising . Sanarwar fim din ta haifar da farin ciki tsakanin masu sauraro da masana tarihi, tare da mutane da yawa suna yaba da mayar da hankali ga labarun tarihin Afirka. An fara fim din ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi ta Yoruba a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025. Daga baya aka sake shi a manyan gidajen silima na Najeriya kuma ya fara fitowa ta hanyar [[Netflix]] a ranar 10 ga Janairun 2025. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} 5x607llmxnj0bsf6m773nitigeutiec 961500 961497 2026-10-01T18:14:57Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 961500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Lisabi: An haifi Labari |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Lisabi-A-Legend-Is-Born22-movie-poster-2025.jpg|frameless]] |- class="infobox-hiddenrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data description" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yoruba | class="infobox-data" |''Lisabi a cikin zobba a bi'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |[[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |Niyi Akinmolayan Yinka Olaoye<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Oyebade Adebimpe AdedimejiVictoria Akujobi<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] * Lisabi: An haifi Labari fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Najeriya na 2025 wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta kuma Yinka Olaoye da Akinmolayan suka rubuta shi. Yana aiki ne a matsayin kashi na biyu a cikin kashi biyu na rayuwa da gado na Lisabi, jarumi Yoruba kuma mai gwagwarmayar 'yanci daga karni na 18.[1][2] Tauraron fim din [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi, tare da simintin da suka hada da [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]], [[Adebimpe Oyebade]], Olarotimi Fakunle, [[Olumide Oworu]], [[Jide Awobona]], Ibraheem Lateef Adebayo da [[Muyiwa Ademola]]. ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 10 ga Janairu 2025 akan [[Netflix]]. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin haihuwar da hawan jarumin Lísàbí Agbongbo-Akala, wanda aka ƙaddara ya jagoranci da kare mutanen Egba daga mai mulki mai yaudara. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi * [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]] a matsayin Olori Alaafin * Boma Akpore a matsayin Osogbenro * [[Adebimpe Oyebade|Mo Bimpe Adedimeji]] a matsayin Ikeola == Saki da karɓa == ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' don saki a watan Janairun 2025 bayan kashi na farko, Lisabi: The Uprising . Sanarwar fim din ta haifar da farin ciki tsakanin masu sauraro da masana tarihi, tare da mutane da yawa suna yaba da mayar da hankali ga labarun tarihin Afirka. An fara fim din ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi ta Yoruba a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025. Daga baya aka sake shi a manyan gidajen silima na Najeriya kuma ya fara fitowa ta hanyar [[Netflix]] a ranar 10 ga Janairun 2025. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} svpr8ziq7re1t7vmfv35bmqzqjuiwme 961501 961500 2026-10-01T18:15:32Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 961501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Lisabi: An haifi Labari |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Lisabi-A-Legend-Is-Born22-movie-poster-2025.jpg|frameless]] |- class="infobox-hiddenrow" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data description" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Yoruba | class="infobox-data" |''Lisabi a cikin zobba a bi'' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |[[Niyi Akinmolayan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |Niyi Akinmolayan Yinka Olaoye<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Oyebade Adebimpe AdedimejiVictoria Akujobi<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> Lisabi: An haifi Labari fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na Najeriya na 2025 wanda Niyi Akinmolayan ya jagoranta kuma Yinka Olaoye da Akinmolayan suka rubuta shi. Yana aiki ne a matsayin kashi na biyu a cikin kashi biyu na rayuwa da gado na Lisabi, jarumi Yoruba kuma mai gwagwarmayar 'yanci daga karni na 18.[1][2] Tauraron fim din [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi, tare da simintin da suka hada da [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]], [[Adebimpe Oyebade]], Olarotimi Fakunle, [[Olumide Oworu]], [[Jide Awobona]], Ibraheem Lateef Adebayo da [[Muyiwa Ademola]]. ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025, kuma an sake shi a Amurka a ranar 10 ga Janairu 2025 akan [[Netflix]]. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin haihuwar da hawan jarumin Lísàbí Agbongbo-Akala, wanda aka ƙaddara ya jagoranci da kare mutanen Egba daga mai mulki mai yaudara. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a matsayin Lisabi * [[Juliana Olayode|Olayode Juliana]] a matsayin Olori Alaafin * Boma Akpore a matsayin Osogbenro * [[Adebimpe Oyebade|Mo Bimpe Adedimeji]] a matsayin Ikeola == Saki da karɓa == ''Lisabi: An haifi Labari'' don saki a watan Janairun 2025 bayan kashi na farko, Lisabi: The Uprising . Sanarwar fim din ta haifar da farin ciki tsakanin masu sauraro da masana tarihi, tare da mutane da yawa suna yaba da mayar da hankali ga labarun tarihin Afirka. An fara fim din ne a Cibiyar John Randle don Al'adu da Tarihi ta Yoruba a Onikan, Legas, a ranar 9 ga Janairun 2025. Daga baya aka sake shi a manyan gidajen silima na Najeriya kuma ya fara fitowa ta hanyar [[Netflix]] a ranar 10 ga Janairun 2025. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} 3o28shqxl5aadz28xvwbfhgspm895nf 0 157017 961632 959920 2026-10-02T00:31:25Z Hamza DK 12444 961632 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Ranarta ce |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:It's_Her_Day.jpg|frameless]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |Aniedi Anwah |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Rubuce-rubuce | class="infobox-data" |[[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist">Bovi Ugboma </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Bovi Ugboma |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Bovi Ugboma * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] * [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] * [[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]] * [[Toni Tones|Tunanin Toni]] * Adunni Ade * Najite Dede * Gregory Ojefua * Thelma Ezeamaka * Femi Durojaiye * Wannan Lami George </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Hotuna | class="infobox-data" |Emeka Madu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An shirya shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |[[Akin Alabi]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Waƙoƙi ta | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Harrison "Babariq" Eke </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Kamfanin samarwa<br /></div> | class="infobox-data" |<div style="vertical-align: middle;">Cibiyar Kula da Kasuwanci</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An rarraba ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Rarraba Silverbird |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Ranar fitarwa</div> | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist film-date"> * 9 Oktoba 2016 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2016-10-09</span>)&nbsp;</span> (Lagos, Najeriya) &nbsp;&nbsp;&#x20; </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |Najeriya |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Ofishin akwatin | class="infobox-data" |China55,021,150 (Raked 12M a farkon karshen mako) |} '''It's Her Day''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya na 2016 <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%27s_Her_Day#cite_note-3 game da ma'aurata masu aure daga bangarori daban-daban na zamantakewa da gwagwarmayar da suka haɗu yayin da suke shirin bikin aurensu na ƙarshe. Bovi Ugboma ya taka rawar Victor, wani sabon mutum da ya yi alkawari wanda aka matsa masa ya ba budurwarsa mai son abin duniya, Nicole (Ini Dima-Okojie) bikin auren</ref> almara mai ban sha'awa. Bovi Ugboma ne ya samar da fim din kuma Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni kuma an fara shi a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2016 a Legas, Najeriya. [2][3] == Bayani game da shi == Victor ya isa gida daga Burtaniya don ya auri budurwarsa, Nicole Hernández mai cike da tashin hankali wanda ba ya ɓata lokaci yana shirin bikin auren mafarkinta. Tare da mahaifiyar Nicole mai girman kai tana tsoma baki a kan kowane daki-daki, Victor ya ga farashin ya wuce kasafin kudin sa. Duk da gargadi akai-akai daga abokinsa mafi kyau Omonigho wanda Nicole ta ƙi - tare da danginsa na [[Warri]] ciki har da Aunty Foweh - Victor yana matsawa ya kwantar da hankali ba kawai Nicole da mahaifiyarta ba har ma da 'yan uwan Hernández masu bukata - Stacey, Nancy, da Augusta. Tare da taimakon babban mai tsara bikin aure, Hernándezes sun yi watsi da kowane daki-daki na babban ranar Nicole, yayin da ake watsi da shawarwarin Victor ko kuma a yi masa ba'a. Matsalar ta faru a bikin auren ma'auratan lokacin da Victor ya yayyafa amaryarsa da [[Naira|bayanan naira]] maimakon takardun dala. Ya nemi gafara, amma bukatun Nicole na ci gaba. Yanzu ya yi nadama da ya rabu da Angela, tsohuwar budurwa da ya bar Nicole, kuma yayi ƙoƙari ya dawo da ita. Koyaya, ta ga fuskarsa kuma ta shawarce shi da ya yi tsayayya da kasancewa da bayyanar don tasiri. A lokacin zaman ba da shawara kafin aure, Victor da Nicole sun tayar da rikici lokacin da ta mai da hankali kan Candy Crush kuma ta yi watsi da taron. Ya rabu da ita, wani mataki Omonigho ya amince, amma bayan ya gano cewa Angela yanzu tana da sabon mutum, sai ya sulhunta da Nicole. Victor ya tara abokansa don su tsaya a matsayin yaudara ta hanyar tattaunawar waya tare da Hernándezes bayan sun dage kan yin rajistar shahararrun masu fasahar kiɗa don yin bikin aure. An gudanar da wani biki, kuma washegari Victor, wanda ya yi fama da rashin jin daɗi daga daren da ya gabata, ya firgita cewa ya makara zuwa bikin. Ma'aikatansa sun kara tsananta yanayin ta hanyar hayar ''kekes'' don kai shi da ma'aikatansa zuwa coci, cika tsohuwar yarjejeniya. Sun isa tsakiyar hira da Mista Hernández ya yi da HipTV, wanda ya sa ta kunya kai tsaye a cikin iska, kuma ta buge shi a gaban abokansa masu tsoro. Bayan ya fahimci cewa Nicole za ta kasance mai girman kai har abada bayan ta ƙi zobe dinsa, Victor ya jefa ta a bagaden kuma ya fita. Victor da ango sun isa gidan Angela kuma sun roƙe ta ta yi la'akari da sake farfado da tsohuwar dangantakarta. Ko da yake ta yarda da neman gafara, Angela ba ta manta da raunin da ta jimre ba bayan ya watsar da ita, kuma ta kore su da bulala. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] a matsayin Victor Elomena / Victor Smith * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] a matsayin Nicole Hernández * [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] a matsayin Mrs Hernández * Toni Tones a matsayin Stacy Hernández * Thelma Ezeamaka a matsayin Augusta Hernández * [[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]] a matsayin Nancy Hernández * [[Adunni Ade]] a matsayin Caroline, mai shirya bikin aure * [[Najite Dede]] a matsayin Aunty Foweh * [[Gregory Ojefua]] a matsayin Omonigho * Femi Durojaiye a matsayin Dede * Wannan Lami George a matsayin Victoria * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Angela == Fitarwa == [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] ne ya samar da fim din. Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni. A cikin Kountry Kulture Network, wanda aka rarraba ta Silverbird Distribution. == Saki == An fara fim din ne a Legas, Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Satumba. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://itsherdaymovie.com/}} nl2c9xa8mi3m37io4nw0mq44mcn09l6 961633 961632 2026-10-02T00:33:53Z Hamza DK 12444 961633 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Ranarta ce |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:It's_Her_Day.jpg|frameless]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |Aniedi Anwah |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Rubuce-rubuce | class="infobox-data" |[[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist">Bovi Ugboma </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Bovi Ugboma |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Bovi Ugboma * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] * [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] * [[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]] * [[Toni Tones|Tunanin Toni]] * Adunni Ade * Najite Dede * Gregory Ojefua * Thelma Ezeamaka * Femi Durojaiye * Wannan Lami George </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Hotuna | class="infobox-data" |Emeka Madu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An shirya shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |[[Akin Alabi]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Waƙoƙi ta | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Harrison "Babariq" Eke </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Kamfanin samarwa<br /></div> | class="infobox-data" |<div style="vertical-align: middle;">Cibiyar Kula da Kasuwanci</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An rarraba ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Rarraba Silverbird |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Ranar fitarwa</div> | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist film-date"> * 9 Oktoba 2016 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2016-10-09</span>)&nbsp;</span> (Lagos, Najeriya) &nbsp;&nbsp;&#x20; </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |Najeriya |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Ofishin akwatin | class="infobox-data" |China55,021,150 (Raked 12M a farkon karshen mako) |} '''It's Her Day''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya na 2016 <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%27s_Her_Day#cite_note-3 game da ma'aurata masu aure daga bangarori daban-daban na zamantakewa da gwagwarmayar da suka haɗu yayin da suke shirin bikin aurensu na ƙarshe. Bovi Ugboma ya taka rawar Victor, wani sabon mutum da ya yi alkawari wanda aka matsa masa ya ba budurwarsa mai son abin duniya, Nicole (Ini Dima-Okojie) bikin auren</ref> almara mai ban sha'awa. Bovi Ugboma ne ya samar da fim din kuma Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni kuma an fara shi a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2016 a Legas, Najeriya. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%27s_Her_Day#cite_note-4 </ref>[3] == Bayani game da shi == Victor ya isa gida daga Burtaniya don ya auri budurwarsa, Nicole Hernández mai cike da tashin hankali wanda ba ya ɓata lokaci yana shirin bikin auren mafarkinta. Tare da mahaifiyar Nicole mai girman kai tana tsoma baki a kan kowane daki-daki, Victor ya ga farashin ya wuce kasafin kudin sa. Duk da gargadi akai-akai daga abokinsa mafi kyau Omonigho wanda Nicole ta ƙi - tare da danginsa na [[Warri]] ciki har da Aunty Foweh - Victor yana matsawa ya kwantar da hankali ba kawai Nicole da mahaifiyarta ba har ma da 'yan uwan Hernández masu bukata - Stacey, Nancy, da Augusta. Tare da taimakon babban mai tsara bikin aure, Hernándezes sun yi watsi da kowane daki-daki na babban ranar Nicole, yayin da ake watsi da shawarwarin Victor ko kuma a yi masa ba'a. Matsalar ta faru a bikin auren ma'auratan lokacin da Victor ya yayyafa amaryarsa da [[Naira|bayanan naira]] maimakon takardun dala. Ya nemi gafara, amma bukatun Nicole na ci gaba. Yanzu ya yi nadama da ya rabu da Angela, tsohuwar budurwa da ya bar Nicole, kuma yayi ƙoƙari ya dawo da ita. Koyaya, ta ga fuskarsa kuma ta shawarce shi da ya yi tsayayya da kasancewa da bayyanar don tasiri. A lokacin zaman ba da shawara kafin aure, Victor da Nicole sun tayar da rikici lokacin da ta mai da hankali kan Candy Crush kuma ta yi watsi da taron. Ya rabu da ita, wani mataki Omonigho ya amince, amma bayan ya gano cewa Angela yanzu tana da sabon mutum, sai ya sulhunta da Nicole. Victor ya tara abokansa don su tsaya a matsayin yaudara ta hanyar tattaunawar waya tare da Hernándezes bayan sun dage kan yin rajistar shahararrun masu fasahar kiɗa don yin bikin aure. An gudanar da wani biki, kuma washegari Victor, wanda ya yi fama da rashin jin daɗi daga daren da ya gabata, ya firgita cewa ya makara zuwa bikin. Ma'aikatansa sun kara tsananta yanayin ta hanyar hayar ''kekes'' don kai shi da ma'aikatansa zuwa coci, cika tsohuwar yarjejeniya. Sun isa tsakiyar hira da Mista Hernández ya yi da HipTV, wanda ya sa ta kunya kai tsaye a cikin iska, kuma ta buge shi a gaban abokansa masu tsoro. Bayan ya fahimci cewa Nicole za ta kasance mai girman kai har abada bayan ta ƙi zobe dinsa, Victor ya jefa ta a bagaden kuma ya fita. Victor da ango sun isa gidan Angela kuma sun roƙe ta ta yi la'akari da sake farfado da tsohuwar dangantakarta. Ko da yake ta yarda da neman gafara, Angela ba ta manta da raunin da ta jimre ba bayan ya watsar da ita, kuma ta kore su da bulala. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] a matsayin Victor Elomena / Victor Smith * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] a matsayin Nicole Hernández * [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] a matsayin Mrs Hernández * Toni Tones a matsayin Stacy Hernández * Thelma Ezeamaka a matsayin Augusta Hernández * [[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]] a matsayin Nancy Hernández * [[Adunni Ade]] a matsayin Caroline, mai shirya bikin aure * [[Najite Dede]] a matsayin Aunty Foweh * [[Gregory Ojefua]] a matsayin Omonigho * Femi Durojaiye a matsayin Dede * Wannan Lami George a matsayin Victoria * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Angela == Fitarwa == [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] ne ya samar da fim din. Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni. A cikin Kountry Kulture Network, wanda aka rarraba ta Silverbird Distribution. == Saki == An fara fim din ne a Legas, Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Satumba. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://itsherdaymovie.com/}} 2b0ypbhkkno621nlbjfueksvfc1z21n 961635 961633 2026-10-02T00:35:19Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Bayani game da shi */ 961635 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Ranarta ce |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:It's_Her_Day.jpg|frameless]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |Aniedi Anwah |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Rubuce-rubuce | class="infobox-data" |[[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist">Bovi Ugboma </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Bovi Ugboma |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Bovi Ugboma * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] * [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] * [[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]] * [[Toni Tones|Tunanin Toni]] * Adunni Ade * Najite Dede * Gregory Ojefua * Thelma Ezeamaka * Femi Durojaiye * Wannan Lami George </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Hotuna | class="infobox-data" |Emeka Madu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An shirya shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |[[Akin Alabi]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Waƙoƙi ta | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Harrison "Babariq" Eke </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Kamfanin samarwa<br /></div> | class="infobox-data" |<div style="vertical-align: middle;">Cibiyar Kula da Kasuwanci</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An rarraba ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Rarraba Silverbird |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Ranar fitarwa</div> | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist film-date"> * 9 Oktoba 2016 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2016-10-09</span>)&nbsp;</span> (Lagos, Najeriya) &nbsp;&nbsp;&#x20; </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |Najeriya |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Ofishin akwatin | class="infobox-data" |China55,021,150 (Raked 12M a farkon karshen mako) |} '''It's Her Day''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya na 2016 <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%27s_Her_Day#cite_note-3 game da ma'aurata masu aure daga bangarori daban-daban na zamantakewa da gwagwarmayar da suka haɗu yayin da suke shirin bikin aurensu na ƙarshe. Bovi Ugboma ya taka rawar Victor, wani sabon mutum da ya yi alkawari wanda aka matsa masa ya ba budurwarsa mai son abin duniya, Nicole (Ini Dima-Okojie) bikin auren</ref> almara mai ban sha'awa. Bovi Ugboma ne ya samar da fim din kuma Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni kuma an fara shi a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2016 a Legas, Najeriya. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%27s_Her_Day#cite_note-4 </ref>[3] == Bayani game da shi == Victor ya isa gida daga Burtaniya don ya auri budurwarsa, Nicole Hernández mai cike da tashin hankali wanda ba ya ɓata lokaci yana shirin bikin auren mafarkinta. Tare da mahaifiyar Nicole mai girman kai tana tsoma baki a kan kowane daki-daki, Victor ya ga farashin ya wuce kasafin kudin sa. Duk da gargadi akai-akai daga abokinsa Omonigho wanda Nicole ta ƙi - tare da danginsa na [[Warri]] ciki har da Aunty Foweh - Victor yana matsawa ya kwantar da hankali ba kawai Nicole da mahaifiyarta ba har ma da 'yan uwan Hernández masu bukata - Stacey, Nancy, da Augusta. Tare da taimakon babban mai tsara bikin aure, Hernándezes sun yi watsi da kowane daki-daki na babban ranar Nicole, yayin da ake watsi da shawarwarin Victor ko kuma a yi masa ba'a. Matsalar ta faru a bikin auren ma'auratan lokacin da Victor ya yayyafa amaryarsa da [[Naira|bayanan naira]] maimakon takardun dala. Ya nemi gafara, amma bukatun Nicole na ci gaba. Yanzu ya yi nadama da ya rabu da Angela, tsohuwar budurwa da ya bar Nicole, kuma yayi ƙoƙari ya dawo da ita. Koyaya, ta ga fuskarsa kuma ta shawarce shi da ya yi tsayayya da kasancewa da bayyanar don tasiri. A lokacin zaman ba da shawara kafin aure, Victor da Nicole sun tayar da rikici lokacin da ta mai da hankali kan Candy Crush kuma ta yi watsi da taron. Ya rabu da ita, wani mataki Omonigho ya amince, amma bayan ya gano cewa Angela yanzu tana da sabon mutum, sai ya sulhunta da Nicole. Victor ya tara abokansa don su tsaya a matsayin yaudara ta hanyar tattaunawar waya tare da Hernándezes bayan sun dage kan yin rajistar shahararrun masu fasahar kiɗa don yin bikin aure. An gudanar da wani biki, kuma washegari Victor, wanda ya yi fama da rashin jin daɗi daga daren da ya gabata, ya firgita cewa ya makara zuwa bikin. Ma'aikatansa sun kara tsananta yanayin ta hanyar hayar ''kekes'' don kai shi da ma'aikatansa zuwa coci, cika tsohuwar yarjejeniya. Sun isa tsakiyar hira da Mista Hernández ya yi da HipTV, wanda ya sa ta kunya kai tsaye a cikin iska, kuma ta buge shi a gaban abokansa masu tsoro. Bayan ya fahimci cewa Nicole za ta kasance mai girman kai har abada bayan ta ƙi zobe dinsa, Victor ya jefa ta a bagaden kuma ya fita. Victor da ango sun isa gidan Angela kuma sun roƙe ta ta yi la'akari da sake farfado da tsohuwar dangantakarta. Ko da yake ta yarda da neman gafara, Angela ba ta manta da raunin da ta jimre ba bayan ya watsar da ita, kuma ta kore su da bulala. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] a matsayin Victor Elomena / Victor Smith * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] a matsayin Nicole Hernández * [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] a matsayin Mrs Hernández * Toni Tones a matsayin Stacy Hernández * Thelma Ezeamaka a matsayin Augusta Hernández * [[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]] a matsayin Nancy Hernández * [[Adunni Ade]] a matsayin Caroline, mai shirya bikin aure * [[Najite Dede]] a matsayin Aunty Foweh * [[Gregory Ojefua]] a matsayin Omonigho * Femi Durojaiye a matsayin Dede * Wannan Lami George a matsayin Victoria * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Angela == Fitarwa == [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] ne ya samar da fim din. Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni. A cikin Kountry Kulture Network, wanda aka rarraba ta Silverbird Distribution. == Saki == An fara fim din ne a Legas, Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Satumba. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://itsherdaymovie.com/}} kb5cbamcx6vo5oai0pi3iccne869jlx 961636 961635 2026-10-02T00:35:59Z Hamza DK 12444 /* Bayani game da shi */ 961636 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vevent" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;" |Ranarta ce |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:It's_Her_Day.jpg|frameless]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An ba da umarni daga | class="infobox-data" |Aniedi Anwah |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Rubuce-rubuce | class="infobox-data" |[[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Shirin da aka yi | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist">Bovi Ugboma </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An samar da shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Bovi Ugboma |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Fitowa | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Bovi Ugboma * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] * [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] * [[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]] * [[Toni Tones|Tunanin Toni]] * Adunni Ade * Najite Dede * Gregory Ojefua * Thelma Ezeamaka * Femi Durojaiye * Wannan Lami George </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Hotuna | class="infobox-data" |Emeka Madu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An shirya shi ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |[[Akin Alabi]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Waƙoƙi ta | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Harrison "Babariq" Eke </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Kamfanin samarwa<br /></div> | class="infobox-data" |<div style="vertical-align: middle;">Cibiyar Kula da Kasuwanci</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |An rarraba ta hanyar | class="infobox-data" |Rarraba Silverbird |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Ranar fitarwa</div> | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist film-date"> * 9 Oktoba 2016 <span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2016-10-09</span>)&nbsp;</span> (Lagos, Najeriya) &nbsp;&nbsp;&#x20; </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Kasar | class="infobox-data" |Najeriya |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Harshe | class="infobox-data" |Turanci |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;" |Ofishin akwatin | class="infobox-data" |China55,021,150 (Raked 12M a farkon karshen mako) |} '''It's Her Day''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya na 2016 <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%27s_Her_Day#cite_note-3 game da ma'aurata masu aure daga bangarori daban-daban na zamantakewa da gwagwarmayar da suka haɗu yayin da suke shirin bikin aurensu na ƙarshe. Bovi Ugboma ya taka rawar Victor, wani sabon mutum da ya yi alkawari wanda aka matsa masa ya ba budurwarsa mai son abin duniya, Nicole (Ini Dima-Okojie) bikin auren</ref> almara mai ban sha'awa. Bovi Ugboma ne ya samar da fim din kuma Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni kuma an fara shi a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2016 a Legas, Najeriya. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%27s_Her_Day#cite_note-4 </ref>[3] == Bayani game da shi == Victor ya isa gida daga Burtaniya don ya auri budurwarsa, Nicole Hernández mai cike da tashin hankali wanda ba ya ɓata lokaci yana shirin bikin auren mafarkinta. Tare da mahaifiyar Nicole mai girman kai tana tsoma baki a kan kowane daki-daki, Victor ya ga farashin ya wuce kasafin kudin sa. Duk da gargadi akai-akai daga babban abokinsa Omonigho wanda Nicole ta ƙi - tare da danginsa na [[Warri]] ciki har da Aunty Foweh - Victor yana matsawa ya kwantar da hankali ba kawai Nicole da mahaifiyarta ba har ma da 'yan uwan Hernández masu bukata - Stacey, Nancy, da Augusta. Tare da taimakon babban mai tsara bikin aure, Hernándezes sun yi watsi da kowane daki-daki na babban ranar Nicole, yayin da ake watsi da shawarwarin Victor ko kuma a yi masa ba'a. Matsalar ta faru a bikin auren ma'auratan lokacin da Victor ya yayyafa amaryarsa da [[Naira|bayanan naira]] maimakon takardun dala. Ya nemi gafara, amma bukatun Nicole na ci gaba. Yanzu ya yi nadama da ya rabu da Angela, tsohuwar budurwa da ya bar Nicole, kuma yayi ƙoƙari ya dawo da ita. Koyaya, ta ga fuskarsa kuma ta shawarce shi da ya yi tsayayya da kasancewa da bayyanar don tasiri. A lokacin zaman ba da shawara kafin aure, Victor da Nicole sun tayar da rikici lokacin da ta mai da hankali kan Candy Crush kuma ta yi watsi da taron. Ya rabu da ita, wani mataki Omonigho ya amince, amma bayan ya gano cewa Angela yanzu tana da sabon mutum, sai ya sulhunta da Nicole. Victor ya tara abokansa don su tsaya a matsayin yaudara ta hanyar tattaunawar waya tare da Hernándezes bayan sun dage kan yin rajistar shahararrun masu fasahar kiɗa don yin bikin aure. An gudanar da wani biki, kuma washegari Victor, wanda ya yi fama da rashin jin daɗi daga daren da ya gabata, ya firgita cewa ya makara zuwa bikin. Ma'aikatansa sun kara tsananta yanayin ta hanyar hayar ''kekes'' don kai shi da ma'aikatansa zuwa coci, cika tsohuwar yarjejeniya. Sun isa tsakiyar hira da Mista Hernández ya yi da HipTV, wanda ya sa ta kunya kai tsaye a cikin iska, kuma ta buge shi a gaban abokansa masu tsoro. Bayan ya fahimci cewa Nicole za ta kasance mai girman kai har abada bayan ta ƙi zobe dinsa, Victor ya jefa ta a bagaden kuma ya fita. Victor da ango sun isa gidan Angela kuma sun roƙe ta ta yi la'akari da sake farfado da tsohuwar dangantakarta. Ko da yake ta yarda da neman gafara, Angela ba ta manta da raunin da ta jimre ba bayan ya watsar da ita, kuma ta kore su da bulala. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] a matsayin Victor Elomena / Victor Smith * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] a matsayin Nicole Hernández * [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] a matsayin Mrs Hernández * Toni Tones a matsayin Stacy Hernández * Thelma Ezeamaka a matsayin Augusta Hernández * [[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]] a matsayin Nancy Hernández * [[Adunni Ade]] a matsayin Caroline, mai shirya bikin aure * [[Najite Dede]] a matsayin Aunty Foweh * [[Gregory Ojefua]] a matsayin Omonigho * Femi Durojaiye a matsayin Dede * Wannan Lami George a matsayin Victoria * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Angela == Fitarwa == [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] ne ya samar da fim din. Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni. A cikin Kountry Kulture Network, wanda aka rarraba ta Silverbird Distribution. == Saki == An fara fim din ne a Legas, Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Satumba. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://itsherdaymovie.com/}} hlnjpcqr5b8d6avo1stjkfflrnhwesq 0 157644 961548 857794 2026-10-01T20:02:21Z Baffa ali 47435 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377855701|Cam Schlittler]]" 961548 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cameron John Schlittler''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2001) ɗan wasan [[Ƙwallon Baseball|Kwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙwallon ƙwallon New York Yankees na Major League Baseball (MLB). Ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Huskies na Arewa maso Gabas kuma Yankees ne suka zaba shi a zagaye na bakwai na shirin MLB na 2022. Ya fara bugawa MLB a shekarar 2025. An kira Schlittler zuwa wasan farko na All-Star a 2026. Schlittler ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Walpole a Walpole, Massachusetts, [1] da Jami'ar Arewa maso Gabas, inda ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Huskies na Arewa maso Gabas. A cikin 2021, an ba shi suna Coastal Athletic Association's rookie of the year kuma sabon dan wasa na Amurka.[2] Daga nan sai ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na rani tare da Harwich Mariners na Cape Cod Baseball League . [3] Ga Arewa maso gabas, Schlittler yana da rikodin nasara-hasara 14-9 tare da matsakaicin tseren 2.62 (ERA) da kuma 180 strikeouts a fadin 182 innings da aka buga a wasanni 31, 30 daga cikinsu wasanni ne da aka fara.[2] Kwallon saurin sa yawanci yana da mil 92-93 a kowace awa (148-150 km / h) yayin da yake wasa ga Huskies.[4] == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan ɗan wasa === Schlittler ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Walpole a Walpole, Massachusetts, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Doherty |first=Matt |date=2019-04-11 |title=With this trio of pitchers, Walpole has mound covered |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/sports/high-schools/2019/04/11/with-this-trio-walpole-has-mound-coverved/fBWiXRswSGKPOge9OipN3I/story.html |access-date=August 25, 2026 |website=The Boston Globe}}</ref> da Jami'ar Arewa maso Gabas, inda ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Huskies na Arewa maso Gabas. A cikin 2021, an ba shi suna Coastal Athletic Association's rookie of the year kuma sabon dan wasa na Amurka.<ref name="huntnewsnu" /> Daga nan sai ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na rani tare da Harwich Mariners na Cape Cod Baseball League . <ref>{{Cite web |title=#11 Cam Schlittler |url=https://baseball.pointstreak.com/player.html?playerid=1523938 |access-date=November 20, 2024 |publisher=Pointstreak}}</ref> Ga Arewa maso gabas, Schlittler yana da rikodin nasara-hasara 14-9 tare da matsakaicin tseren 2.62 (ERA) da kuma 180 strikeouts a fadin 182 innings da aka buga a wasanni 31, 30 daga cikinsu wasanni ne da aka fara.<ref name="huntnewsnu">{{Cite web |date=July 14, 2025 |title=Cam Schlittler makes strong MLB debut with Yankees |url=https://huntnewsnu.com/87516/sports/cam-schlittler-makes-strong-mlb-debut-with-yankees/ |website=huntnewsnu.com}}</ref> Kwallon saurin sa yawanci yana da mil 92-93 a kowace awa (148-150 km / h) yayin da yake wasa ga Huskies.<ref name="journey">{{Cite web |last=Hoch |first=Bryan |date=July 13, 2026 |title=The story of Schlittler's journey from 7th-round pick to All-Star ace |url=https://www.mlb.com/yankees/news/how-cam-schlittler-became-a-yankees-all-star |access-date=July 14, 2026 |website=MLB.com}}</ref> === Ƙananan ƙungiyoyi === New York Yankees sun zabi Schlittler a zagaye na bakwai na shirin Major League Baseball na 2022 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomsen |first=Ian |date=July 19, 2022 |title=New York Yankees pick two Northeastern pitchers in MLB draft, led by Cam Schlittler |url=https://news.northeastern.edu/2022/07/19/cam-schlittler-yankees-mlb-draft/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=July 28, 2022 |title=Cam Schlittler selected in MLB draft |url=https://hometownweekly.net/walpole/cam-schlittler-selected-in-mlb-draft/ |website=Hometown Weekly}}</ref> Ya sanya hannu tare da Yankees, yana karɓar kyautar sa hannu ta $ 205,000.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 3, 2025 |title=Yankees Manager Aaron Boone on Cam Schlittler's Playoff Gem: 'A Star is Born' |url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/mlb/yankees-manager-aaron-boone-cam-schlittlers-playoff-gem-a-star-born |website=www.foxsports.com}}</ref> Schlittler ya shafe kakar wasa ta farko a 2023 tare da Florida Complex League Yankees, Tampa Tarpons, da Hudson Valley Renegades . Ya fara 2024 tare da Hudson Valley kuma an inganta shi zuwa Somerset Patriots a lokacin kakar kuma ya buga wasa daya tare da Scranton / Wilkes-Barre Railriders . A wannan kakar, an ba shi suna Kudancin Atlantic League Pitcher of the Year . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Schlittin' Fire: Cam Schlittler named SAL Pitcher of the Year, All-Stars announced |url=https://www.milb.com/hudson-valley/news/schlittin-fire-cam-schlittler-named-sal-pitcher-of-the-year-all-stars-announced |website=[[Minor League Baseball]]}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar 2024, saurin sa ya kai mil 93 a kowace awa (150 km / h). <ref name="journey" /> A lokacin horo na bazara a 2025, ƙwallon ƙafa na Schlittler ya kai kimanin mil 95 a kowace awa (153 km / h). <ref name="journey" /> Ya fara kakar 2025 tare da Double-A Somerset kafin ya sami ci gaba zuwa Triple-A Scranton / Wilkes-Barre a watan Yuni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2, 2025 |title=Yankees pitching prospect Cam Schlittler dominating Double-A with new cutter |url=https://www.mcall.com/2025/06/02/yankees-pitching-prospect-cam-schlittler-dominating-double-a-with-new-cutter/ |website=Morning Call}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2025 |title=Yankees promote impressing pitching prospects Cam Schlittler, Carlos Lagrange |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/2025/06/04/yankees-promote-impressing-pitching-prospects-cam-schlittler-carlos-lagrange/ |website=New York Daily News}}</ref> Ya fara farawa biyar ga RailRiders.<ref name="mlbtr">{{Cite web |title=Yankees Designate Geoff Hartlieb For Assignment |url=https://www.mlbtraderumors.com/2025/07/yankees-dfa-geoff-hartlieb.html |access-date=July 9, 2025 |website=MLB Trade Rumors}}</ref> === Manyan ƙungiyoyi === ==== 2025 ==== Raunin da ya faru a Clarke Schmidt ya sa Yankees su inganta Schlittler zuwa manyan wasanni a ranar 9 ga Yuli, 2025. <ref name="mlbtr" /> A karon farko na MLB, Schlittler ya ci nasara a kan Seattle Mariners bayan ya jefa innings tare da bugawa hudu da uku da aka ba da izini yayin da ya buga bakwai.  Wasan da ya fi sauri ya kasance {{Convert|100|mph|km/h}} km / h), mafi sauri da dan wasan Yankee ya jefa a duk kakar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hoch |first=Bryan |date=July 9, 2025 |title=Schlittler earns win, exits to standing ovation in MLB debut for Yanks |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-impresses-in-mlb-debut-for-yankees |access-date=July 10, 2025 |website=MLB.com}}</ref> Schlittler yana da rikodin nasara-hasara 4-3 tare da 2.96 ERA a cikin farawa 14 ga Yankees, yayin da ya buga batters 84 a cikin 73 innings pitched. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Browne |first=Ian |date=2025-10-02 |title=Connelly Early facing Cam Schlittler in AL Wild Card Series Game 3 |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/connelly-early-cam-schlittler-al-wild-card-series-game-3 |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=MLB.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hoch |first=Bryan |date=March 16, 2026 |title=5 observations from 2026 Yankees Spring Training |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/5-observations-from-2026-yankees-spring-training |access-date=March 27, 2026 |website=MLB.com}}</ref> Schlittler ya fara Wasan 3 na AL Wild Card Series a kan Boston Red Sox, inda ya ci nasara ta hanyar jefa kwallo takwas kuma ya buga masu bugawa 12 a lokacin yayin da yake ba da izini biyar kuma babu gudu yayin da Yankees suka ci gaba zuwa Divisional Series (ALDS). Ya zama mai jefa kwallo na farko a tarihin postseason tare da 8+ innings ba tare da ci ba, 12+ strikeouts, kuma babu tafiya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hoch |first=Bryan |date=October 3, 2025 |title=Yanks advance to ALDS thanks to early outburst, Schlittler's gem |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/yankees-win-al-wild-card-series-2025?game_pk=813065 |access-date=October 2, 2025 |website=MLB.com}}</ref> Schlittler ya ci gaba da rasa wasan karshe na ALDS ga Toronto Blue Jays, yana ba da damar samun biyu da ba a biya su ba a kan 6 + 1⁄3 innings.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-09 |title=Yankees' Cam Schlittler: Takes tough-luck loss in Game 4 |url=https://www.cbssports.com/fantasy/baseball/news/yankees-cam-schlittler-takes-tough-luck-loss-in-game-4/ |access-date=2026-10-01 |website=CBS Sports |language=en}}</ref>  ==== 2026 ==== [[File:Cam_Schlittler_Yankees_2026.png|thumb|Schlitter tare da Yankees a cikin 2026]] A shekarar 2026, Schlittler ya fito a matsayin gwarzon ɗan wasan ƙungiyar Yankees yayin da Gerrit Cole ke murmurewa daga tiyatar Tommy John . A ranar 19 ga Yuni, ya kafa sabon tarihi a aikinsa da yawan bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida sau 13 a kan Cincinnati Reds . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hoch |first=Bryan |date=2026-06-20 |title=Schlittler wowing everyone after 13 K's -- teammates and NBA champs alike |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-strikes-out-13-reds-over-6-scoreless-innings |access-date=2026-06-21 |website=MLB News |language=en}}</ref> Ya fara wasa daga 1.71 zuwa 16 shi ne mafi ƙarancin da aka taɓa yi wa Yankee tun bayan Whitey Ford a shekarar 1964. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Valdez |first=Josh |date=2026-06-20 |title=Cam Schlittler Accomplishes Yankees Feat Not Done Since 1964 |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/articles/cam-schlittler-accomplishes-yankees-feat-090000055.html |access-date=2026-06-21 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> Duk da cewa an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na All-Star kuma ana sa ran zai fara wasan, Schlittler ya zaɓi kada ya yi kasadar barin jadawalinsa na yau da kullun. <ref>{{Cite web |title=MSN |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/sports/baseball/yankees-ace-cam-schlittler-opts-out-of-all-star-game/ar-AA27L7Rd |access-date=2026-08-28 |website=www.msn.com}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga watan Agusta da Boston Red Sox, Schlittler ya yi nasarar jefa ƙwallo ta 200 a raga. Ya zama ɗan wasan jefa ƙwallo na biyar a shekarar 2026 kuma ɗan wasan Yankee na huɗu mafi ƙarami da ya taɓa yin hakan. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Schlittler notches 200th K, but ace is after AL East crown |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-reaches-200-strikeouts-in-red-sox-yankees-opener |access-date=2026-08-29 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Satumba, bayan wani wasa mai ƙarfi da suka fafata da Angels, Schlittler ya wuce Whitey Ford, Ron Guidry, kuma Jack Chesbro ya yi daidai da tarihin 'yan wasa mafi yawa da suka fara wasa a kakar wasa ɗaya ko ƙasa da haka, inda ya yi wasanni 19 a wannan lokacin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hollmon |first=Courtney |date=2026-09-03 |title=Schlittler's 'beyond special' season continues with 9 K's in 8 strong innings |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-pitches-against-angels-in-anaheim |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref> ERA ta ƙarshe ta Schlittler ta 1.95 ta jagoranci gasar kuma ita ce ta uku mafi kyau a tarihin ikon mallakar fasaha (tun lokacin da ta zama ƙididdiga a hukumance a 1913). Ya buga ƙwallo sau 239 a jere, inda ya zama na huɗu a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Schlittler's 1.95 ERA -- 3rd best in Yankees history -- completes Cy résumé |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-finishes-2026-regular-season-with-a-1-95-era |access-date=2026-09-30 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref> Tarihin wasannin da ya yi da ƙungiyar da ya yi nasara sau ɗaya ko ƙasa da haka ya kai 22. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sblendorio |first=Peter |last2=New York Daily News |first2= |date=2026-09-25 |title=Yankees’ Cam Schlittler finishes Cy Young Award-caliber season with 1.95 ERA in win vs. Rays |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/articles/yankees-cam-schlittler-finishes-cy-024500599.html |access-date=2026-09-30 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> Schlittler ya fara wasan farko na Wild Card Series da Red Sox. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Castillo |first=Jorge |date=2026-09-27 |title=Yankees give Cam Schlittler Game 1 start against Red Sox |url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/50044091/yankees-give-schlittler-game-1-wild-card-series-start-red-sox |url-status=live |access-date=2026-09-30 |website=www.espn.com}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni 117 mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa  ba tare da an ci kwallo ba, rikodin bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida sau 10 yayin da ake barin bugun biyu ya yi tafiya ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-09-30 |title=Ben Rice, Cam Schlittler power Yankees past Red Sox 9-0 in Game 1 |url=https://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/ben-rice-cam-schlittler-power-yankees-past-red-sox-9-0-in-game-1/ |access-date=2026-09-30 |website=CBS Sports |language=en}}</ref> Sama da wasanni 6, ciki har da wasannin bayan kakar wasa guda biyu, Cam Schlittler yanzu yana da ERA 0.47 idan aka kwatanta da Red Sox sama da 36⅔, wanda shine mafi ƙarancin kowane ɗan wasan da ke jefa ƙwallo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Langs |first=Sarah |date=2026-09-30 |title=How good was Schlittler this time? 7 wild stats from his start |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-stats-dominant-wild-card-series-start-vs-red-sox |access-date=2026-10-01 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref> == Salon buga wasa == Schlittler ya jefa gaurayen filaye 5. Yawanci yana jefa ƙwallo uku masu sauri, inda ƙwallon sauri mai ɗinki huɗu ta fi yawa, sai kuma abin yanka ƙwallo, sannan kuma abin nutsewa . Tare da ƙwallon sauri guda uku, yana kuma jefa ƙwallon curveball da kuma, ba kasafai ake yin slider ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cam Schlittler Stats: Statcast, Visuals & Advanced Metrics |url=https://baseballsavant.mlb.com/savant-player/cam-schlittler-693645?stats=statcast-r-pitching-mlb |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=baseballsavant.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Matsakaicin gudunsa na ƙafa huɗu yana kusa da 98 MPH amma zai iya kaiwa 100. Na'urar rage gudu ta cikin ramin tana ɗan rage gudu, sai kuma na'urar yankewa, inda na'urar rage gudu ta kusa da 85-90 MPH. Yayin da dukkan ƙwallonsa uku suka fara a lokaci ɗaya, ya yi kyau sosai, wanda hakan ya haifar da babban kaso na shaƙatawa tare da yawancin bugunsa mai zafi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adler |first=David |date=2026-08-26 |title=The AL Cy Young favorite now has a curveball, and nobody throws it like him |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-90-mph-curveball |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Mahaifin Schlittler, John, shine babban jami'in 'yan sanda na Needham, Massachusetts . <ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Neil |first=Peter |date=2025-07-10 |title=Police chief's son makes MLB debut with Yankees |url=https://needhamobserver.com/police-chiefs-son-makes-mlb-debut-with-yankees/ |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=Needham Observer}}</ref> Schlittler mai sha'awar Boston Bruins ne na National Hockey League; an sanya masa suna ne bayan fitaccen ɗan wasan Bruins Cam Neely . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuty |first=Brendan |date=2026-06-05 |title=Yankees star Cam Schlittler was named after Bruins legend Cam Neely, who loves it |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7333463/2026/06/05/cam-schlittler-named-for-cam-neely-yankees-bruins/ |access-date=2026-06-07 |website=The Athletic}}</ref> Ya girma yana son ƙungiyarsa ta gida, Boston Red Sox . <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 20, 2026 |title=Yankees' Cam Schlittler, amid threats, excited to face Red Sox |url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/48541741/yankees-cam-schlittler-amid-threats-excited-face-red-sox |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2001]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] my6q6buu8h67lnmm4k3ebekjtdgom7g 961549 961548 2026-10-01T20:03:32Z Baffa ali 47435 961549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cameron John Schlittler''' (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2001) ɗan wasan [[Ƙwallon Baseball|Kwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙwallon ƙwallon New York Yankees na Major League Baseball (MLB). Ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Huskies na Arewa maso Gabas kuma Yankees ne suka zaba shi a zagaye na bakwai na shirin MLB na 2022. Ya fara bugawa MLB a shekarar 2025. An kira Schlittler zuwa wasan farko na All-Star a 2026. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan ɗan wasa === Schlittler ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Walpole a Walpole, Massachusetts, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Doherty |first=Matt |date=2019-04-11 |title=With this trio of pitchers, Walpole has mound covered |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/sports/high-schools/2019/04/11/with-this-trio-walpole-has-mound-coverved/fBWiXRswSGKPOge9OipN3I/story.html |access-date=August 25, 2026 |website=The Boston Globe}}</ref> da Jami'ar Arewa maso Gabas, inda ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji ga Huskies na Arewa maso Gabas. A cikin 2021, an ba shi suna Coastal Athletic Association's rookie of the year kuma sabon dan wasa na Amurka.<ref name="huntnewsnu" /> Daga nan sai ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na rani tare da Harwich Mariners na Cape Cod Baseball League . <ref>{{Cite web |title=#11 Cam Schlittler |url=https://baseball.pointstreak.com/player.html?playerid=1523938 |access-date=November 20, 2024 |publisher=Pointstreak}}</ref> Ga Arewa maso gabas, Schlittler yana da rikodin nasara-hasara 14-9 tare da matsakaicin tseren 2.62 (ERA) da kuma 180 strikeouts a fadin 182 innings da aka buga a wasanni 31, 30 daga cikinsu wasanni ne da aka fara.<ref name="huntnewsnu">{{Cite web |date=July 14, 2025 |title=Cam Schlittler makes strong MLB debut with Yankees |url=https://huntnewsnu.com/87516/sports/cam-schlittler-makes-strong-mlb-debut-with-yankees/ |website=huntnewsnu.com}}</ref> Kwallon saurin sa yawanci yana da mil 92-93 a kowace awa (148-150 km / h) yayin da yake wasa ga Huskies.<ref name="journey">{{Cite web |last=Hoch |first=Bryan |date=July 13, 2026 |title=The story of Schlittler's journey from 7th-round pick to All-Star ace |url=https://www.mlb.com/yankees/news/how-cam-schlittler-became-a-yankees-all-star |access-date=July 14, 2026 |website=MLB.com}}</ref> === Ƙananan ƙungiyoyi === New York Yankees sun zabi Schlittler a zagaye na bakwai na shirin Major League Baseball na 2022 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomsen |first=Ian |date=July 19, 2022 |title=New York Yankees pick two Northeastern pitchers in MLB draft, led by Cam Schlittler |url=https://news.northeastern.edu/2022/07/19/cam-schlittler-yankees-mlb-draft/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=July 28, 2022 |title=Cam Schlittler selected in MLB draft |url=https://hometownweekly.net/walpole/cam-schlittler-selected-in-mlb-draft/ |website=Hometown Weekly}}</ref> Ya sanya hannu tare da Yankees, yana karɓar kyautar sa hannu ta $ 205,000.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 3, 2025 |title=Yankees Manager Aaron Boone on Cam Schlittler's Playoff Gem: 'A Star is Born' |url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/mlb/yankees-manager-aaron-boone-cam-schlittlers-playoff-gem-a-star-born |website=www.foxsports.com}}</ref> Schlittler ya shafe kakar wasa ta farko a 2023 tare da Florida Complex League Yankees, Tampa Tarpons, da Hudson Valley Renegades . Ya fara 2024 tare da Hudson Valley kuma an inganta shi zuwa Somerset Patriots a lokacin kakar kuma ya buga wasa daya tare da Scranton / Wilkes-Barre Railriders . A wannan kakar, an ba shi suna Kudancin Atlantic League Pitcher of the Year . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Schlittin' Fire: Cam Schlittler named SAL Pitcher of the Year, All-Stars announced |url=https://www.milb.com/hudson-valley/news/schlittin-fire-cam-schlittler-named-sal-pitcher-of-the-year-all-stars-announced |website=[[Minor League Baseball]]}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar 2024, saurin sa ya kai mil 93 a kowace awa (150 km / h). <ref name="journey" /> A lokacin horo na bazara a 2025, ƙwallon ƙafa na Schlittler ya kai kimanin mil 95 a kowace awa (153 km / h). <ref name="journey" /> Ya fara kakar 2025 tare da Double-A Somerset kafin ya sami ci gaba zuwa Triple-A Scranton / Wilkes-Barre a watan Yuni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2, 2025 |title=Yankees pitching prospect Cam Schlittler dominating Double-A with new cutter |url=https://www.mcall.com/2025/06/02/yankees-pitching-prospect-cam-schlittler-dominating-double-a-with-new-cutter/ |website=Morning Call}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2025 |title=Yankees promote impressing pitching prospects Cam Schlittler, Carlos Lagrange |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/2025/06/04/yankees-promote-impressing-pitching-prospects-cam-schlittler-carlos-lagrange/ |website=New York Daily News}}</ref> Ya fara farawa biyar ga RailRiders.<ref name="mlbtr">{{Cite web |title=Yankees Designate Geoff Hartlieb For Assignment |url=https://www.mlbtraderumors.com/2025/07/yankees-dfa-geoff-hartlieb.html |access-date=July 9, 2025 |website=MLB Trade Rumors}}</ref> === Manyan ƙungiyoyi === ==== 2025 ==== Raunin da ya faru a Clarke Schmidt ya sa Yankees su inganta Schlittler zuwa manyan wasanni a ranar 9 ga Yuli, 2025. <ref name="mlbtr" /> A karon farko na MLB, Schlittler ya ci nasara a kan Seattle Mariners bayan ya jefa innings tare da bugawa hudu da uku da aka ba da izini yayin da ya buga bakwai.  Wasan da ya fi sauri ya kasance {{Convert|100|mph|km/h}} km / h), mafi sauri da dan wasan Yankee ya jefa a duk kakar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hoch |first=Bryan |date=July 9, 2025 |title=Schlittler earns win, exits to standing ovation in MLB debut for Yanks |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-impresses-in-mlb-debut-for-yankees |access-date=July 10, 2025 |website=MLB.com}}</ref> Schlittler yana da rikodin nasara-hasara 4-3 tare da 2.96 ERA a cikin farawa 14 ga Yankees, yayin da ya buga batters 84 a cikin 73 innings pitched. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Browne |first=Ian |date=2025-10-02 |title=Connelly Early facing Cam Schlittler in AL Wild Card Series Game 3 |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/connelly-early-cam-schlittler-al-wild-card-series-game-3 |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=MLB.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hoch |first=Bryan |date=March 16, 2026 |title=5 observations from 2026 Yankees Spring Training |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/5-observations-from-2026-yankees-spring-training |access-date=March 27, 2026 |website=MLB.com}}</ref> Schlittler ya fara Wasan 3 na AL Wild Card Series a kan Boston Red Sox, inda ya ci nasara ta hanyar jefa kwallo takwas kuma ya buga masu bugawa 12 a lokacin yayin da yake ba da izini biyar kuma babu gudu yayin da Yankees suka ci gaba zuwa Divisional Series (ALDS). Ya zama mai jefa kwallo na farko a tarihin postseason tare da 8+ innings ba tare da ci ba, 12+ strikeouts, kuma babu tafiya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hoch |first=Bryan |date=October 3, 2025 |title=Yanks advance to ALDS thanks to early outburst, Schlittler's gem |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/yankees-win-al-wild-card-series-2025?game_pk=813065 |access-date=October 2, 2025 |website=MLB.com}}</ref> Schlittler ya ci gaba da rasa wasan karshe na ALDS ga Toronto Blue Jays, yana ba da damar samun biyu da ba a biya su ba a kan 6 + 1⁄3 innings.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-09 |title=Yankees' Cam Schlittler: Takes tough-luck loss in Game 4 |url=https://www.cbssports.com/fantasy/baseball/news/yankees-cam-schlittler-takes-tough-luck-loss-in-game-4/ |access-date=2026-10-01 |website=CBS Sports |language=en}}</ref>  ==== 2026 ==== [[File:Cam_Schlittler_Yankees_2026.png|thumb|Schlitter tare da Yankees a cikin 2026]] A shekarar 2026, Schlittler ya fito a matsayin gwarzon ɗan wasan ƙungiyar Yankees yayin da Gerrit Cole ke murmurewa daga tiyatar Tommy John . A ranar 19 ga Yuni, ya kafa sabon tarihi a aikinsa da yawan bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida sau 13 a kan Cincinnati Reds . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hoch |first=Bryan |date=2026-06-20 |title=Schlittler wowing everyone after 13 K's -- teammates and NBA champs alike |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-strikes-out-13-reds-over-6-scoreless-innings |access-date=2026-06-21 |website=MLB News |language=en}}</ref> Ya fara wasa daga 1.71 zuwa 16 shi ne mafi ƙarancin da aka taɓa yi wa Yankee tun bayan Whitey Ford a shekarar 1964. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Valdez |first=Josh |date=2026-06-20 |title=Cam Schlittler Accomplishes Yankees Feat Not Done Since 1964 |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/articles/cam-schlittler-accomplishes-yankees-feat-090000055.html |access-date=2026-06-21 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> Duk da cewa an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na All-Star kuma ana sa ran zai fara wasan, Schlittler ya zaɓi kada ya yi kasadar barin jadawalinsa na yau da kullun. <ref>{{Cite web |title=MSN |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/sports/baseball/yankees-ace-cam-schlittler-opts-out-of-all-star-game/ar-AA27L7Rd |access-date=2026-08-28 |website=www.msn.com}}</ref> A ranar 28 ga watan Agusta da Boston Red Sox, Schlittler ya yi nasarar jefa ƙwallo ta 200 a raga. Ya zama ɗan wasan jefa ƙwallo na biyar a shekarar 2026 kuma ɗan wasan Yankee na huɗu mafi ƙarami da ya taɓa yin hakan. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Schlittler notches 200th K, but ace is after AL East crown |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-reaches-200-strikeouts-in-red-sox-yankees-opener |access-date=2026-08-29 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Satumba, bayan wani wasa mai ƙarfi da suka fafata da Angels, Schlittler ya wuce Whitey Ford, Ron Guidry, kuma Jack Chesbro ya yi daidai da tarihin 'yan wasa mafi yawa da suka fara wasa a kakar wasa ɗaya ko ƙasa da haka, inda ya yi wasanni 19 a wannan lokacin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hollmon |first=Courtney |date=2026-09-03 |title=Schlittler's 'beyond special' season continues with 9 K's in 8 strong innings |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-pitches-against-angels-in-anaheim |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref> ERA ta ƙarshe ta Schlittler ta 1.95 ta jagoranci gasar kuma ita ce ta uku mafi kyau a tarihin ikon mallakar fasaha (tun lokacin da ta zama ƙididdiga a hukumance a 1913). Ya buga ƙwallo sau 239 a jere, inda ya zama na huɗu a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Schlittler's 1.95 ERA -- 3rd best in Yankees history -- completes Cy résumé |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-finishes-2026-regular-season-with-a-1-95-era |access-date=2026-09-30 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref> Tarihin wasannin da ya yi da ƙungiyar da ya yi nasara sau ɗaya ko ƙasa da haka ya kai 22. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sblendorio |first=Peter |last2=New York Daily News |first2= |date=2026-09-25 |title=Yankees’ Cam Schlittler finishes Cy Young Award-caliber season with 1.95 ERA in win vs. Rays |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/articles/yankees-cam-schlittler-finishes-cy-024500599.html |access-date=2026-09-30 |website=Yahoo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> Schlittler ya fara wasan farko na Wild Card Series da Red Sox. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Castillo |first=Jorge |date=2026-09-27 |title=Yankees give Cam Schlittler Game 1 start against Red Sox |url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/50044091/yankees-give-schlittler-game-1-wild-card-series-start-red-sox |url-status=live |access-date=2026-09-30 |website=www.espn.com}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni 117 mafi kyau a tarihin rayuwarsa  ba tare da an ci kwallo ba, rikodin bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida sau 10 yayin da ake barin bugun biyu ya yi tafiya ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-09-30 |title=Ben Rice, Cam Schlittler power Yankees past Red Sox 9-0 in Game 1 |url=https://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/ben-rice-cam-schlittler-power-yankees-past-red-sox-9-0-in-game-1/ |access-date=2026-09-30 |website=CBS Sports |language=en}}</ref> Sama da wasanni 6, ciki har da wasannin bayan kakar wasa guda biyu, Cam Schlittler yanzu yana da ERA 0.47 idan aka kwatanta da Red Sox sama da 36⅔, wanda shine mafi ƙarancin kowane ɗan wasan da ke jefa ƙwallo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Langs |first=Sarah |date=2026-09-30 |title=How good was Schlittler this time? 7 wild stats from his start |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-stats-dominant-wild-card-series-start-vs-red-sox |access-date=2026-10-01 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref> == Salon buga wasa == Schlittler ya jefa gaurayen filaye 5. Yawanci yana jefa ƙwallo uku masu sauri, inda ƙwallon sauri mai ɗinki huɗu ta fi yawa, sai kuma abin yanka ƙwallo, sannan kuma abin nutsewa . Tare da ƙwallon sauri guda uku, yana kuma jefa ƙwallon curveball da kuma, ba kasafai ake yin slider ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cam Schlittler Stats: Statcast, Visuals & Advanced Metrics |url=https://baseballsavant.mlb.com/savant-player/cam-schlittler-693645?stats=statcast-r-pitching-mlb |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=baseballsavant.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Matsakaicin gudunsa na ƙafa huɗu yana kusa da 98 MPH amma zai iya kaiwa 100. Na'urar rage gudu ta cikin ramin tana ɗan rage gudu, sai kuma na'urar yankewa, inda na'urar rage gudu ta kusa da 85-90 MPH. Yayin da dukkan ƙwallonsa uku suka fara a lokaci ɗaya, ya yi kyau sosai, wanda hakan ya haifar da babban kaso na shaƙatawa tare da yawancin bugunsa mai zafi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adler |first=David |date=2026-08-26 |title=The AL Cy Young favorite now has a curveball, and nobody throws it like him |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/cam-schlittler-90-mph-curveball |access-date=2026-09-10 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Mahaifin Schlittler, John, shine babban jami'in 'yan sanda na Needham, Massachusetts . <ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Neil |first=Peter |date=2025-07-10 |title=Police chief's son makes MLB debut with Yankees |url=https://needhamobserver.com/police-chiefs-son-makes-mlb-debut-with-yankees/ |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=Needham Observer}}</ref> Schlittler mai sha'awar Boston Bruins ne na National Hockey League; an sanya masa suna ne bayan fitaccen ɗan wasan Bruins Cam Neely . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuty |first=Brendan |date=2026-06-05 |title=Yankees star Cam Schlittler was named after Bruins legend Cam Neely, who loves it |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7333463/2026/06/05/cam-schlittler-named-for-cam-neely-yankees-bruins/ |access-date=2026-06-07 |website=The Athletic}}</ref> Ya girma yana son ƙungiyarsa ta gida, Boston Red Sox . <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 20, 2026 |title=Yankees' Cam Schlittler, amid threats, excited to face Red Sox |url=https://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/48541741/yankees-cam-schlittler-amid-threats-excited-face-red-sox |access-date=2026-06-20 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2001]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jlvol3z87sp5xhky3580oct1c3stbys 0 158349 961532 912049 2026-10-01T19:07:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox biography | name = Yaduwar hamada a Sahel | image = | image_size = | caption = Yankin Sahel da ke fuskantar yaduwar hamada | type = [[Yaduwar hamada]] | location = [[Sahel]] | countries = [[Senegal]], [[Mauritania]], [[Mali]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Nijar]], [[Najeriya]], [[Chadi]], [[Sudan]], [[Eritrea]] | cause = [[Canjin yanayi]], sare bishiyoyi, yawan kiwo da rashin kula da ƙasa | outcome = Lalacewar ƙasa, ƙarancin amfanin gona da ƙaura }} '''Yaduwar hamada a Sahel''' wata matsala ce ta muhalli da ke faruwa a yankin [[Sahel]], inda ƙasa mai amfani ke ci gaba da rikidewa zuwa hamada sakamakon [[canjin yanayi]], sare bishiyoyi, yawan kiwo da kuma rashin ingantacciyar kula da albarkatun ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unccd.int|title=United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification|publisher=UNCCD|access-date=18 Yuni 2026}}</ref> Yankin Sahel ya shimfiɗa tsakanin [[Hamadar Sahara]] a arewa da yankunan savanna a kudu, yana ratsa ƙasashe da dama na Afirka. == Tarihi == Yaɗuwar hamada ta zama babbar matsala tun daga shekarun 1970 bayan jerin fari da suka afku a yankin Sahel. Tun daga lokacin, canjin yanayi da ayyukan ɗan Adam sun ƙara tsananta lalacewar ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org|title=Desertification and Land Degradation|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization|access-date=18 Yuni 2026}}</ref> == Sanadi == Abubuwan da ke haifar da yaɗuwar hamada sun haɗa da: * [[Canjin yanayi]] * Sare bishiyoyi ba tare da maye gurbinsu ba * Yawan kiwo fiye da ƙarfin fili * Rashin kiyaye ƙasa da noma ba tare da dabarun kare muhalli ba * Karancin ruwan sama == Illoli == Yaduwar hamada na haifar da: * Lalacewar ƙasa mai noma * Rage yawan amfanin gona * Rashin wadataccen ruwa * Talauci da ƙarancin abinci * Ƙaurar jama'a zuwa wasu yankuna * Raguwar nau'ikan tsirrai da dabbobi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unep.org|title=Desertification|publisher=United Nations Environment Programme|access-date=18 Yuni 2026}}</ref> == Matakan da ake ɗauka == Kasashen yankin Sahel tare da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa suna aiwatar da shirye-shiryen da suka haɗa da: * Dasa bishiyoyi * Kare gandun daji * Inganta hanyoyin noma masu ɗorewa * Kafa aikin [[Great Green Wall]] * Wayar da kan al'umma kan kare muhalli.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.greatgreenwall.org|title=Great Green Wall Initiative|publisher=Great Green Wall Initiative|access-date=18 Yuni 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509040742/https://www.greatgreenwall.org/|archive-date=2021-05-09|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Sahel]] * [[Hamadar Sahara]] * [[Canjin yanayi]] * [[Yaduwar hamada]] * [[Great Green Wall]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Majiyoyi == * {{Cite web|url=https://www.unccd.int|title=United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification}} * {{Cite web|url=https://www.fao.org|title=Desertification and Land Degradation|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization}} * {{Cite web|url=https://www.unep.org|title=Desertification|publisher=United Nations Environment Programme}} * {{Cite web|url=https://www.greatgreenwall.org|title=Great Green Wall Initiative|access-date=2026-06-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509040742/https://www.greatgreenwall.org/|archive-date=2021-05-09|url-status=dead}} [[Category:Yaduwar hamada]] [[Category:Sahel]] [[Category:Canjin yanayi]] [[Category:Muhalli]] [[Category:Bala'o'in muhalli]] [[Category:Hamadar Sahara]] [[Category:Noma]] [[Category:Afirka]] dklm2t67qsgfh37f2q5xkufemtcnll4 0 161482 961713 895490 2026-10-02T06:16:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961713 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Faisal bin Abdulaziz bin Mohammed bin Ayyaf Al-Muqrin''' Yarima ne na Saudiyya wanda ya rike mukamin magajin garin [[Riyadh]] tun daga ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 November 2019 |title=Prince Faisal bin Abdulaziz appointed as Riyadh mayor by royal decree |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1590146/saudi-arabia |access-date=18 June 2020 |website=Arab News}}</ref> Ya ƙware a cikin tsarawa da gudanarwa na birane kuma yana da digiri na biyu a cikin "Tsarin Birni da Yankin da Gudanarwa. " Mahaifinsa, Yarima Abdulaziz bin Mohammed bin Ayyaf Al-Muqrin, mai ba da shawara ne ga mai kula da Masallatai Masu Tsarki Biyu [[Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud|Sarki Salman bin Abdulaziz]], kuma Mataimakin Ministan Tsaro na Kasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=عام / أمر ملكي : تعيين صاحب السمو الأمير فيصل بن عبدالعزيز بن محمد بن عياف آل مقرن أميناً لمنطقة الرياض بالمرتبة الممتازة وكالة الأنباء السعودية |url=https://www.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=ar&newsid=2003467#2003467 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190613175617/https://www.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=ar |archive-date=13 June 2019 |access-date=2019-11-26 |website=www.spa.gov.sa}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=سمو الأمير فيصل بن عبد العزيز بن عياف |url=https://princefaisal.alriyadh.gov.sa/ |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=princefaisal.alriyadh.gov.sa |archive-date=2023-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326114329/https://princefaisal.alriyadh.gov.sa/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yarima Faisal yana jagorantar kungiyoyi da yawa, kamfanoni, da allon daraktoci ban da rawar da yake takawa a yanzu. Ya kuma jagoranci majalisun da kwamitoci da yawa a cikin [[Saudi Arebiya|Masarautar Saudi Arabia]] . Tare da kwarewar kwararru a ci gaban birane, ya yi aiki tare da kamfanoni daban-daban a cikin Saudi Arabia da kuma duniya. Ya ba da gudummawa ga ayyukan da yawa a Royal Commission for Riyadh City kuma ya haɗa kai da kamfanonin gine-gine a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], [[Kanada]], da [[Faransa]]. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin malami da mataimakin koyarwa a [[Jami'ar Harvard]] da Jami'ar King Saud . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Leadership |url=https://remat.sa/en/pages/leaders.aspx |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=remat.sa |archive-date=2024-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202202815/https://remat.sa/en/pages/leaders.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=فيصل عبدالعزيز بن محمد بن عياف {{!}} Faculty members |url=https://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/en/faalmogren |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=faculty.ksu.edu.sa}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ya sami digiri na farko tare da girmamawa daga Kwalejin Gine-gine da Shirye-shiryen a Jami'ar King Saud . Ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin Gine-gine da Urban Design daga Jami'ar Columbia da ke New York a shekarar 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2016 |title=Faisal Almogren (MUP '16) |url=https://www.gsd.harvard.edu/2016/01/faisal-almogren/ |website=gsd.harvard.edu |access-date=13 July 2026 |archive-date=14 June 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250614233830/https://www.gsd.harvard.edu/2016/01/faisal-almogren/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, ya kammala digiri na biyu a fannin Shirye-shiryen Birane da Gudanarwa a [[Jami'ar Harvard]]. Takardar bincikensa tana da taken: "Ci gaban Birane da Gudanarwa: Riyadh da Gulf Cities. " An ba shi PhD a cikin "Tsarin Birane da Yankin" daga Jami'ar California, Berkeley, a cikin 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Faisal Al Muqrin, PH.D. Students - City and Regional Planning |url=https://ced.berkeley.edu/academics/city-regional-planning/people/phd-students/faisal-almogren |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620144015/https://ced.berkeley.edu/academics/city-regional-planning/people/phd-students/faisal-almogren |archive-date=20 June 2020 |access-date=18 June 2020 |website=ced.berkeley.edu}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=أخبار 24 |date=2019-11-26 |title=السيرة الذاتية لأمين منطقة الرياض الجديد الأمير فيصل بن عياف |url=https://www.akhbaar24.com/article/detail/468953 |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=أخبار 24 |language=ar}}</ref> == Ayyukan sana'a == Yarima Faisal ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan tsara birane a Royal Commission for [[Riyadh]] city kuma a matsayin mai tsara zane da nazarin birane a Skidmore, Owings &amp;amp; Merrill a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], da sauran matsayi a fagen tsara birane. An nada shi a matsayin Magajin garin Riyadh ta hanyar dokar sarauta a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2019 (29 / 3 / 1441H). <ref>{{Cite web |title=أمانة منطقة الرياض |url=https://www.alriyadh.gov.sa/en/content/AboutAmana/THJFOTBjWHdwL289 |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=www.alriyadh.gov.sa |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240920145835/https://www.alriyadh.gov.sa/en/content/AboutAmana/THJFOTBjWHdwL289 |archive-date=2024-09-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Garin Riyadh yana daya daga cikin mafi girma a Saudi Arabia dangane da fa'ida da iko, yana kula da kananan hukumomi 63 a fadin yankin Riyadh, gami da birane, gwamnatoci, da gundumomi. Yarima Faisal ya himmatu ga inganta ayyukan karamar hukumar, ya kaddamar da aikin Riyadh Humanization a cikin unguwa da yawa da sake fasalin karamar hukumar tare da sabon tsarin aiki da aka gabatar a cikin 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=عبدالله |first=أحمد |title=في اليوم العالمي للمدن.. توجه سعودي لـ”أنسنة” مدن المملكة |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/lifestyle/2022/11/1/%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%87-%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%82 |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=الجزيرة نت |language=ar}}</ref><ref name=":0"/> '''Kungiyoyi da Kamfanoni''' Yana jagorantar kungiyoyi da kamfanoni da yawa, ciki har da: * Shugaban kamfanin Riyadh Holding Company.<ref>{{Cite web |title=نبذة عن شركة الرياض القابضة |url=https://arriyadhholding.com.sa/About-Us/About |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221220215839/https://arriyadhholding.com.sa/About-Us/About |archive-date=20 December 2022 |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=arriyadhholding.com.sa}}</ref> * Shugaban, Kamfanin Ci Gaban Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leadership |url=https://riyadh.dev/en/leadership/ |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=Riyadh Development Company |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202202739/https://riyadh.dev/en/leadership/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Shugaban, Kamfanin Ci Gaban Rimat Riyadh <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Leadership |url=https://remat.sa/en/pages/leaders.aspx |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=remat.sa |archive-date=2024-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202202815/https://remat.sa/en/pages/leaders.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Shugaban, Cibiyar Ayyukan Infrastructure, Yankin Riyadh <ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Mission {{!}} RIPC |url=https://www.ripc.gov.sa/en/about |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=www.ripc.gov.sa |language=en}}</ref> * Shugaban, Cibiyar Ci gaban Birane ta Larabawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=سبق |date=2022-10-06 |title="المغيري" مديرًا عامًّا لـ"المعهد العربي لإنماء المدن" |url=https://sabq.org/saudia/regions/uorm4f9xbj |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=صحيفة سبق الالكترونية |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Prince Faisal bin Abdul Aziz bin Ayyaf – Arab Urban Development Institute |url=https://araburban.org/en/crew/prince-faisal-bin-abdul-aziz-bin-ayyaf/ |access-date=2024-11-01 |language=en-US}}</ref> '''Membobin kwamitin da kwamitocin''' Ya rike mukamai da yawa na gudanarwa a kan allon kamfanoni da cibiyoyi da yawa, gami da: <ref>{{Cite web |title=عام / وزارة الثقافة تعلن تشكيل مجلس إدارة هيئة فنون العمارة والتصميم |url=https://www.spa.gov.sa/2114589 |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=spa.gov.sa |language=ar}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=سمو الأمير فيصل بن عبد العزيز بن عياف |url=https://princefaisal.alriyadh.gov.sa/#skills |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=princefaisal.alriyadh.gov.sa |archive-date=2023-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326114329/https://princefaisal.alriyadh.gov.sa/#skills |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":3"/> * memba na kwamitin, Royal Commission for Riyadh City <ref>{{Cite web |title=about-us |url=https://www.rcrc.gov.sa/en/about-us}}</ref> * memba, Majalisar Yankin Riyadh <ref name=":1"/> * memba na kwamitin, Hukumar Raya Diriyah Gate . <ref>{{Cite web |title=مجلس إدارة هيئة تطوير بوابة الدرعيّة |url=https://dgda.gov.sa/our-company/our-leadership.aspx?lang=ar-sa |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610021158/https://dgda.gov.sa/our-company/our-leadership.aspx?lang=ar-sa |archive-date=2024-06-10 |access-date=27 June 2024}}</ref> * memba na kwamitin, Kamfanin Zuba Jari na Qiddiya * memba na kwamitin zartarwa, New Murabba Development Company. * memba na kwamitin, Gidauniyar Sarki Salman Park * memba na kwamitin, Riyadh Non-Profit Foundation * memba na kwamitin, Kamfanin Ci gaban Al-Soudah * memba na kwamitin, Gidauniyar Sports Boulevard . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Learn about the Sports Boulevard - The world's largest linear park. |url=https://sportsboulevard.sa/en/about-us |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=sportsboulevard.sa |language=en}}</ref> * memba na kwamitin, Hukumar Gine-gine da zane-zane * memba na kwamitin, Kamfanin Ci gaban Filin Jirgin Sama na Sarki Salman * memba na kwamitin, Riyadh Airlines * Kwamitin Amintattun memba, Gidauniyar Taimako ta Riyadh don Kimiyya * memba na kwamitin, Tuwaiq Nature Reserve * memba na kwamitin, Kamfanin Riyadh Holding Company for Investment and Development * memba na kwamitin, Asusun Zuba Jari na Ayyuka * memba na kwamitin, Cibiyar Mazaunin Premium * memba na kwamitin gudanarwa, Green Riyadh Project. * Shugaban, Kwamitin Gudanarwa, Karamar Hukumar Riyadh. * Shugaban, Majalisar Ba da Shawara, Gidajen Kasa da Kasa na Sarki Abdullah. * Shugaban, Kwamitin Gudanarwa, Shirin Wadi Al-Sulay. * Shugaban, Kwamitin Gudanarwa, Inganta Yanayin Birane. * Shugaban, Kwamitin Gudanarwa, Kula da Birni. * Shugaban, Kwamitin Kulawa, Ayyukan Kasuwanci. * Shugaban, Kwamitin Gudanar da Kudi. * Shugaban, Kwamitin Canjin Dijital. * Shugaban, Kwamitin Shirye-shirye da Ci Gaban. * Shugaban, Kwamitin Ƙananan Hukumomi. * Shugaban, Kwamitin Shirye-shiryen da Canjin Cibiyoyin. == Littattafai == Yarima Faisal ya wallafa littattafai da yawa, takardun bincike, labarai, da wallafe-wallafe, gami da: <ref>{{Cite web |title=أمانة منطقة الرياض |url=https://www.alriyadh.gov.sa/ar/Mayors/NXhKY1pRRlJBaWs9 |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=www.alriyadh.gov.sa |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221220214130/https://www.alriyadh.gov.sa/ar/Mayors/NXhKY1pRRlJBaWs9 |archive-date=2022-12-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=abdullah |first=fahad |date=2023-02-26 |title=من هو الأمير فيصل بن عبدالعزيز بن عياف |url=https://almanshorat.com/%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B5%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%81/ |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=المنشورات |language=ar |archive-date=2023-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313065933/https://almanshorat.com/%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b5%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%86-%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%b2-%d8%a8%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%81/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tsarin birni mai amfani: Wani ra'ayi na daban akan Shirye-shiryen a Riyadh . Ya kuma rubuta wani labarin da aka sake dubawa a cikin Jaridar Duniya ta Nazarin Gabas ta Tsakiya a cikin 2017 mai taken "Reprioritizing the Human Element in Gulf Cities' Development". Ya rubuta littafin Turning Points... Ginin Birni a Riyadh da Gulf, wanda Tara Publishing ta buga a cikin 2017. Ya wallafa wata takarda mai taken "Birni a Gabas ta Tsakiya mai tasowa" a cikin Harvard Graduate School of Design Exhibition a cikin 2016. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] n583aokq9hpe0cr2fjketl2vw8s80i0 0 162147 961768 886568 2026-10-02T07:08:28Z BnHamid 12586 / 961768 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Tony O'Dell''' (an haife shi da suna Anthony Dell'Aquila; 30 ga Janairu, 1960) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne ɗan Amurka. An fi saninsa da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Jimmy, memba na ''Cobra Kai'', a cikin fim ɗin 1984 ''The Karate Kid'', ''The Karate Kid Part II'' (fitowa ta musamman), da kuma kakar wasa ta biyu ta jerin ci gabansa ''Cobra Kai''. Haka kuma an san shi da rawar Alan Pinkard, ɗalibi mai bin salon ''preppy'', a cikin jerin talabijin na [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] ''Head of the Class'' (1986–1991). == Farkon rayuwa da aiki == An haifi O'Dell da suna Anthony Dell'Aquila a Pasadena, [[California]], kuma ya taso a [[Altadena]]. Ya kammala karatu a makarantar sakandaren St. Francis.<ref name="LADN">{{cite news| last1=Delmar| first1=Carie J.| title=His clean cut character is not an act| url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F0EF5186E4FF035DD&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AWNB&req_dat=0FD52E94025F7DBD| accessdate=2018-02-20| newspaper=[[Los Angeles Daily News]]| date=1988-04-20| page=Z4}}</ref> Fitowarsa ta farko a talabijin ita ce a shirin Halloween na shekarar 1978 na jerin talabijin na [[NBC]] mai suna ''CHiPs'', a cikin shirin mai taken "Trick or Trick". Daga baya ya fito a cikin gajeriyar jerin almara ta kimiyya ta CBS ta shekarar 1985 mai suna ''Otherworld'', inda ya taka rawar Trace Sterling. Daya daga cikin rawar da ya fi daɗewa yana takawa ita ce ta Alan Pinkard, ɗalibin makarantar sakandare, a cikin jerin barkwanci na ABC ''Head of the Class'' (1986–1991). Daga baya ya kuma fito a cikin ''Suddenly Susan'', ''George Lopez'' da ''K.C. Undercover''. A shekarar 1984, ya taka rawar Jimmy, memba na ''Cobra Kai'', a cikin fina-finai biyu na farko na ''The Karate Kid''. Haka kuma ya fito a cikin bidiyon waƙar ''Sweep the Leg'' na ƙungiyar No More Kings a shekarar 2007, inda ya yi kwaikwayon kansa da kuma halin Jimmy daga ''The Karate Kid''.<ref name="musicvideo">{{cite news| url=https://www.gazettetimes.com/blogs/of-being-and-johnny-lawrence-sweep-the-leg/article_25cefe2c-c937-5dd9-8e04-8c92425d0103.html| title=Of Being and Johnny Lawrence (Sweep the Leg)| newspaper=[[Corvallis Gazette-Times]]| date=2018-03-10| last=Frye| first=Cory| accessdate=2018-10-21}}</ref><ref name="musicvideo2">{{cite news| url=https://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/10/karate-kid-billy-zabka-cobra-kai-30th-anniversary| title='Karate Kid' villain Billy Zabka is still best friends with the Cobra Kais| newspaper=[[USA Today]]| date=2014-10-09| last=Strauss| first=Chris| accessdate=2018-10-21}}</ref> O'Dell ya sake taka rawar Jimmy a kakar wasa ta biyu ta jerin yanar gizo ''Cobra Kai'' a shekarar 2019.<ref name=reunion>{{cite web| url=https://www.slashfilm.com/cobra-kai-reunion-episode/| title='Cobra Kai' Season 2: About That 'Karate Kid' Reunion in Episode 6…| accessdate=2019-10-21| last=Topel| first=Fred| date=2019-04-27| website=[[/Film]]}}</ref> == Filmografi == === Fina-finai === *1979 ''Good Luck, Miss Wyckoff'' *1980 ''Falling in Love Again'' *1981 ''Rivals'' *1983 ''Hadley's Rebellion'' *1984 ''The Karate Kid'' *1985 ''Evils of the Night'' *1986 ''Chopping Mall'' *1986 ''The Karate Kid Part II'' === Talabijin === *1978 ''CHiPs'' *1979 ''Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo'' *1980 ''Fridays'' *1980 ''Eight Is Enough'' *1980 ''Family'' *1981 ''Dynasty'' *1981 ''ABC Weekend Specials'' *1982 ''The Scooby & Scrappy-Doo/Puppy Hour'' *1982 ''McClain's Law'' *1983 ''The Puppy's Further Adventures'' *1984 ''Lottery!'' *1985 ''Otherworld'' *1985 ''Simon & Simon'' *1986 ''Airwolf'' *1986–1991 ''Head of the Class'' *1988 ''Murder, She Wrote'' *1996 ''In the House'' *2000 ''Suddenly Susan'' *2002–2003 ''George Lopez'' *2011 ''Shake It Up'' *2015 ''K.C. Undercover'' *2019 ''Cobra Kai'' *2021 ''Sydney to the Max'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|0217251}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Odell, Tony}} h9xsqr6l3tzzs16dtupzs3j1psch2cs 0 164758 961648 904425 2026-10-02T03:44:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Emma de Sigaldi''', née '''Emma Lackner''' (22 Disamba 1910, Karlsruhe - 23 Oktoba 2010, [[Monaco]] ) 'yar wasan ballet ce ta Jamus-Monegasque kuma mai sassaƙa. == Rayuwa == An haifi Emma Lackner a ranar 22 ga watan Disamba a Shekarar 910 a Karlsruhe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Design |first=Kamil Interior |date=2014-07-07 |title=Emma de Sigaldi - Kamil Interior Design and Art Gallery Monaco |url=http://www.kamil-interior-design.com/art-gallery/portfolio/item/emma-de-sigaldi/226.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-02-18 |website=www.kamil-interior-design.com |language=en}}</ref> Tun tana yarinya, ta sami horon rawa na gargajiya daga Olga Mertens-Leger, Eugenie Eduardova da Tatjana Gsovsky . Daga baya Mary Wigman ta koya mata rawa mai bayyana ra'ayi kuma ta ci gaba da bin dukkan hanyoyi biyu. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Russland-Aktuell - Emma de Sigaldi - die tanzende Bildhauerin |url=http://www.aktuell.ru/russland/kultur/emma_de_sigaldi_die_tanzende_bildhauerin_589.html |access-date=2020-02-18 |website=www.aktuell.ru}}</ref> A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] Lackner ta tsere daga hare-haren bama-bamai da farko zuwa [[Berlin]] sannan daga nan ta tsere zuwa ga ɗan'uwanta a Baden-Baden . A can ta haɗu da Monegasque Count Felix de Sigaldi, wanda ta aura a shekarar 1954 kuma ta bi shi zuwa Monaco. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta zauna a Monaco. Emma de Sigaldi ta rasu a ranar 23 gawatan Oktoba, a shekara ta 2010 tana da shekaru 99 a Monaco. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=johannesrieck.com |title=Emma De Sigaldi |url=https://www.johannesrieck.com/art-izbq/img_7636-4 |access-date=2020-02-18 |website=Studio 128 |language=de}}</ref> == Aikin rawa == A lokacin yana da shekaru 15, ƙwararren ɗan wasan rawa na Munich, Heinrich Kröller, ya ɗauki Lackner aiki. A shekarun 1920 da shekaru 1930 ta fito a matsayin babbar 'yar rawa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Munich National Theatre da kuma 'yar rawa kaɗai a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Baden State Theatre da ke Karlsruhe da kuma gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Königsberg. <ref name=":0" /> A shekarar 1939 Lackner ta lashe lambar tagulla a waƙar Bartok a taron rawa na duniya da ke Brussels tare da wasan kwaikwayonta na kaɗaici a matsayin "Mace Mai Rawa" a cikin abin rufe fuska na Breughel. <ref name=":0" /> A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin ɗan rawa na farko kuma mataimakiyar ƙwararren rawa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo da ke Saarbrücken har zuwa shekara ta 1944. Tun daga ƙarshen yaƙin, ta fito ne kawai a yawon shakatawa ita kaɗai kuma ta yi nasara sosai yayin da masu suka suka yi mata bikin a matsayin Isadora Duncan ta biyu kuma magajin Mary Wigman. <ref name=":0"/> == Aikin mai sassaka == [[Fayil:Sculpture_Transformations_Emma_de_Sigaldi_Hohenzollernstrasse_Hanover_Germany_03.jpg|alt=|thumb|300x300px| Sauye-sauyen Zane-zane ta Emma de Sigaldi, Hanover, Jamus]] Bayan ta yi aure ta koma Monaco, Lackner ta ƙare aikinta na rawa ta fara aiki a matsayin mai sassaka a ƙarƙashin sunan Emma de Sigaldi. An nuna baje kolin ta na farko a shekarar 1960. <ref name=":0"/> Ta sami kyaututtuka da dama a bikin baje kolin kasa da kasa da aka gudanar a [[Faris|Paris]], [[São Paulo]], [[Sevilla|Seville]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Milano|Milan]], [[Rum|Rome]], Florence, Chiba da [[Gundumar Osaka|Osaka]], Berlin, [[Prag|Prague]] da [[Saint-Petersburg|St. Petersburg]] . <ref name=":1"/> A [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] an nuna ayyukanta a [[New York (birni)|New York]] da kuma a Cincinnati, Ohio. De Sigaldi ya shahara a Monte Carlo kuma ya yi jerin ayyuka ga birnin kamar "Mai nutsewa" na basin da "Life Pillar" na wurin niƙa. <ref name=":1"/> Wasu daga cikin ayyukanta ana iya samun su a cikin sassaka a wurin shakatawa na Fontveille da ke Monaco. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-20 |title=Calypso de Sigaldi invites to the Baronne de Béatrice Ball |url=https://www.hellomonaco.com/news/interviews/calypso-de-sigaldi-invites-to-the-baronne-de-beatrice-ball/ |access-date=2020-02-18 |website=HelloMonaco |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana iya ganin sassaken "Le Prongeur" na De Sigaldi a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Monaco. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-10-27 |title=Monaco: scomparsa di Emma de Sigaldi. Il cordoglio del Presidente Robillon |url=http://www.montecarlonews.it/2010/10/27/notizie/argomenti/altre-notizie-1/articolo/monaco-scomparsa-di-emma-de-sigaldi-il-cordoglio-del-presidente-robillon.html |access-date=2020-02-18 |website=Montecarlonews.it |language=it-IT}}</ref> An nuna wani sassaken nata mai suna "Evolution" a kan tambarin rubutu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stamp: Evolution; Sculpture by Emma de Sigaldi (Monaco) (Europe: Contemporary Art) Mi:MC 2121A, Sn:MC 1862, Yt:MC 1876, Sg:MC 2126 |url=https://colnect.com/en/stamps/stamp/33975-Evolution_Sculpture_by_Emma_de_Sigaldi-Europe_Contemporary_Art-Monaco |access-date=2020-02-18 |website=Colnect |language=en}}</ref> De Sigaldi ta ba wa garinta Karlsruhe siffar sassaken tagulla mai suna "Possession" (1995) wanda Magajin Garin Karlsruhe, Gerhard Seiler, ya buɗe a shekarar 1998, a wurin da yake kusa da ɗakin wasan kwaikwayo. A lokacin bikin cika shekaru 90 na de Sigaldi a shekarar 2010, an shirya baje kolin ayyukanta a cikin babban gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Baden State Theatre da ke Karlsruhe. A lokacin da take da shekaru 97, de Sigaldi ta zo St. Petersburg don buɗe baje kolin ta. <ref name=":0"/> A cikin aikinta, de Sigaldi ta sami tasiri daga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na fasaha, inda ta ga sassaka kamar rawa a matsayin wata hanyar sadarwa da sararin samaniya. Kayan marmara da tagulla sun mamaye dukkan jerin ayyukanta, tun daga ƙananan kayayyaki har zuwa manyan ayyuka. <ref name=":0"/> An bayar da aikin De Sigaldi a gwanjo sau da yawa. An sayar da zane-zanenta mai suna "The Roc" akan dala $1,062 a Doyle New York a shekarar 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Emma deSigaldi {{!}} Art Auction Results |url=https://www.mutualart.com/Artist/Emma-de-Sigaldi/905D7DF74608FDF8 |access-date=2020-02-18 |website=www.mutualart.com |language=en}}</ref> Pierre Remy ne ya shirya wani fim game da tarihin rayuwar Emma de Sigaldi a shekara ta 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=film-documentaire.fr - Portail du film documentaire |url=http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_fiche_film/35716 |access-date=2020-02-18 |website=www.film-documentaire.fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218172513/http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_fiche_film/35716 |archive-date=2020-02-18 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2010]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1910]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gfsb156gnm0oai1g7rtwdo6ghhdwmlq 0 165784 961787 912063 2026-10-02T07:18:46Z BnHamid 12586 961787 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} '''[[banki]] banki''' haƙƙin doka ne wanda ya taso a yawancin hukunce-hukuncen doka na banki don yin amfani da jingina a kan kowane dukiya a hannun bankin a matsayin tsaro. Lien yana da nau'o'i biyu: # Abinda ke da alaƙa # Haɗin kai Takamaiman jingina yana ba da damar riƙe kayayyaki dangane da abin da wani bashin ya taso watau takamaiman jinginar ya shafi ma'amala ɗaya ko wasu ma'amala kawai. Misali mai gyaran tufafi yana da 'yancin tabbatar da tufafin da ya yi wa abokin ciniki har sai abokin ciniki ya biya kuɗin gyaran tufafinsa. == Yankin da ake ciki == Takamaiman tasirin jinginar banki ya bambanta bisa ga dokokin wani iko. A karkashin dokar Ingilishi ta yau da kullun ya shafi duk dukiyar da ke shiga hannun bankin a cikin al'ada na kasuwancin banki, [1] dangane da muhimmiyar banbanci cewa ba ya amfani da dukiyar da aka ajiye tare da bankin don kulawa mai aminci. [2] Duk da yake mafi yawan shari'a na yau da kullun suna ba da haƙƙin mallaka don riƙe dukiyar, ba a saba da shi ba, jinginar banki ta ba da izinin bankin ya sayar da dukiyar da ta dace. Ba a ba da jingina ga haƙƙoƙin da ba a taɓa gani ba, gami da ma'aunin bashi a kan asusun. Koyaya waɗannan ma'aunin bashi na iya kasancewa ƙarƙashin haƙƙin banki na haɗa asusun. Za'a iya canza ko soke jinginar banki ta hanyar yarjejeniya. == Manazarta == a67zwdm6f45kvzzt5nxwc3ool9uxp6c 0 166448 961535 917401 2026-10-01T19:28:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Diane Lemieux''' (an haife ta a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 1961) 'yar siyasar Kanada ce kuma mai gudanarwa wacce ke aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa da kuma babban jami'in zartarwa na Hukumar Gine-gine ta Quebec . Kwarewarta ta farko ta gwagwarmaya ta haɗa da bayar da shawarwari ga haƙƙin mata, da farko ga waɗanda aka yi wa fyade, sannan a matsayinta na shugabar Conseil du statut de la femme (1996-1998). Bayan haka, ta kasance memba na Assemblée nationale du Québec (Majalisar Kasa ta Quebec) (1998-2007) kusan kusan shekaru 10, a karkashin gwamnatocin Lucien Bouchard da Bernard Landry . Ta bar rayuwar siyasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Bayan shekara guda tare da Vision Globale, ta koma aikin gwamnati a matsayin darakta na Ofishin Magajin gari da shugaban kwamitin zartarwa na birnin [[Montréal|Montreal]]. A shekara ta 2011, ta sauka daga wannan mukamin kuma ta zama shugaban kasa da kuma babban jami'in zartarwa na Hukumar Gine-gine ta Quebec (CCQ). == Tarihin rayuwa == Bayan kammala karatunta daga Faculty of Law na Jami'ar Sherbrooke <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ambassadeurs de la Faculté - Faculté de droit - Université de Sherbrooke |url=https://www.usherbrooke.ca/droit/diplomes/ambassadeurs-de-la-faculte/#c17860-1 |access-date=2017-06-02 |website=www.usherbrooke.ca |language=fr}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> a 1983, ta fara rayuwarta ta sana'a, ta farko ta hanyar sadaukar da kai ga batutuwan mata, tare da mai da hankali kan wadanda aka yi wa fyade. Daga 1986 zuwa 1996, ta kasance mai tsarawa da kuma mai magana da yawun Cibiyoyin Taimako da Yaki da Yakiyar Daidaitawa da Cin zarafin Jima'i (CALACS) (Quebec Coalition of Sexual Assault Centres ).<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Diane Lemieux - Assemblée nationale du Québec |url=http://www.assnat.qc.ca/fr/deputes/lemieux-diane-4157/biographie.html |access-date=2017-06-02 |website=www.assnat.qc.ca |language=fr}}</ref> Ta kasance shugabar kungiyar Sexual Assault Task Force daga 1994 zuwa 1995 kuma ta haifar da babban aikin bincike kan maganin shari'a da aka tanada ga matan da aka yi wa fyade. Ta sami lambar yabo ta Prix de la justice ta Quebec a shekarar 1991 don wannan binciken. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Québec |first=Gouvernement du |title=Diane Lemieux - Prix de la justice du Québec 1991 |url=http://www.prixdelajustice.gouv.qc.ca/recipiendaires/lemieux.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408082255/http://www.prixdelajustice.gouv.qc.ca/recipiendaires/lemieux.htm |archive-date=2017-04-08 |access-date=2017-06-02 |website=www.prixdelajustice.gouv.qc.ca}}</ref> A shekara ta 1996, ta zama mace mafi ƙanƙanta da ta zama shugabar Conseil du statut de la femme . <ref name=":0" /> Ta rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 1998, lokacin da aka zabe ta a cikin [[Montréal|Montreal]] hawa na Bourget na Parti Québécois . <ref name=":1" /> An sake zabar ta a 2003 da 2007. Diane Lemieux ta kasance memba na Assemblée nationale du Québec (Majalisar Kasa ta Quebec) kusan kusan shekaru 10. Na farko, a karkashin gwamnatin Lucien Bouchard, ta kasance Ministan Jiha na Kwadago da Ayyuka daga 1998 zuwa 2001. A karkashin Bernard Landry, ta rike mukamin ministan al'adu da sadarwa daga 2001 zuwa 2003. A lokacin wannan wa'adin, ta nemi Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa ta karɓi Bill 104, Dokar da za ta gyara Yarjejeniyar Harshen Faransanci. [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1961]] ==manazarta== 1otlthnafkursp3jpe5xajfiki3xac4 0 166646 961536 952921 2026-10-01T19:29:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961536 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Diane Leyre''' (an haife ta a ranar 10 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1997) 'yar kasar Faransa ce, mai kula da rediyo, kuma mai kula da kyawawan halaye wacce aka lashe kambin Miss Faransa 2022. A baya an naɗa ta Miss Île-de-France 2021 da Miss Paris 2021, kuma ita ce mace ta goma sha shida daga Île- de-France da ta lashe Miss France . Leyre ta wakilci Faransa a Miss Universe 2023. Daga watan Agusta 2022 zuwa Yuli 2023, Leyre ta kasance mai karɓar bakuncin shirin Turai 2 na yau da kullun Le Morning sans filtre, tare da Guillaume Genton da Fabien Delettres . == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Leyre a Neuilly-sur-Seine ga iyayen André da Sabine Leyre . <ref name="Gala">{{Cite web |date=12 December 2021 |title=Miss France 2022 : André, le père de Diane Leyre, n'a « jamais douté » de la victoire de sa fille |url=https://www.gala.fr/l_actu/news_de_stars/miss-france-2022-andre-le-pere-de-diane-leyre-na-jamais-doute-de-la-victoire-de-sa-fille_482643 |website=[[Gala (magazine)|Gala]] |language=French}}</ref> Mahaifinta mai haɓaka ƙasa ne, asalinsa daga sashen [[Gard]] a Languedoc-Roussillon, wanda ya koma [[Faris|Paris]] don samun dama mafi kyau, yayin da mahaifiyarta tsohuwar mai kula da jirgin sama ce.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 December 2021 |title=Miss France 2022 : Diane Leyre, la victoire en famille |url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Miss-France-2022-Diane-Leyre-la-victoire-en-famille-1776093 |website=[[Paris Match]] |language=French}}</ref><ref name="Gala" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2021 |title=À la découverte de Diane Leyre, fraîchement élue Miss Île-de-France 2021 |url=https://www.voltage.fr/portrait-de-diane-leyre-elue-miss-ile-de-france-2021 |website=Voltage |language=French}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2021 |title=Diane Leyre : Son âge, ses origines, son Instagram... Tout ce qu'il faut savoir sur Miss France 2022 |url=https://www.melty.fr/diane-leyre-son-age-ses-origines-son-instagram-tout-ce-qu-il-faut-savoir-sur-miss-france-2022-a780582.html |website=Melty |language=French}}</ref> Tana da babban ɗan'uwa, yayin da ita kuma dan uwan Illana Barry ce, wacce aka naɗa [[Miss Languedoc|Miss Languedoc-Roussillon 2020]] kuma ta fafata a Miss France 2021.<ref name="le figaro">{{Cite web |date=3 December 2021 |title=Miss France 2022: 5 choses à savoir sur Diane Leyre, Miss Île-de-France |url=https://tvmag.lefigaro.fr/programme-tv/miss-france-2022-5-choses-a-savoir-sur-diane-leyre-miss-ile-de-france_cefa94cc-53ac-11ec-be2f-b589e98a5b24/ |website=[[Le Figaro]] |language=French}}</ref> Leyre ta fito daga gidan iyalinta tana da shekaru 17, tana zaune a cikin ɗakin studio a cikin wannan ɗakin da iyayenta ke aiki don biyan kuɗin haya.<ref name="le figaro" /> Leyre ta yi karatu a Institut Privé de l'Alma, ''makarantar sakandare'' mai zaman kanta a cikin 7th arrondissement na Paris . <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2021 |title=Diane Leyre (Miss France 2022) : une suprenante photo de son "anicenne vie" refait surface sur Instagram |url=https://www.public.fr/News/Diane-Leyre-Miss-France-2022-une-surprenante-photo-de-son-ancienne-vie-refait-surface-sur-Instagram-1694769 |website=public.fr |language=French}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunta tare da digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziki da kimiyyar zamantakewa tare da girmamawa, Leyre ta kammala shekara guda na makarantar shari'a kafin ta koma [[Madrid]] don yin rajista a Jami'ar IE, daga baya ta kammala karatu tare da digiri ya farko na Gudanar da Kasuwanci.<ref name="le figaro" /> A lokacin da ta yi rajista, Leyre ta yi magana da ƙananan [[Yaren Sifen|Mutanen Espanya]] da Ingilishi, amma daga baya ta zama mai iya magana da harsuna biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2021 |title=Diane Leyre, Miss Île-de-France : «Mon atout principal ? Ma positivité» |url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Diane-Leyre-Miss-Ile-de-France-Mon-atout-principal-Ma-positivite-1770073 |website=[[Paris Match]] |language=French}}</ref><ref name="le figaro" /> Bayan kammala karatunsa, Leyre ya zauna a Paris kuma ya fara aiki tare da kamfanin ci gaban ƙasa Jadley, wanda ke zaune a cikin gundumar 7. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2021 |title=Miss France 2022 : qui est Diane Leyre, Miss Île-de-France 2021 ? |url=https://www.programme-tv.net/news/evenement/miss-france-miss-france-2022/284407-miss-france-2022-qui-est-diane-leyre-miss-ile-de-france-2021/ |website=Programme-TV |language=French}}</ref> == Wasanni == === Miss Île-de-France === Leyre ta fara aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 2021, bayan ta yi rajista a matsayin mai takara a Miss Paris 2021. Ta zaɓi yin gasa bayan ta ga dan uwanta Illana Barry ya yi gasa a Miss France 2021, kuma a cikin ƙarfafawa daga abokai.<ref name="le figaro" /> Daga karshe ta ci gaba da lashe taken, wanda ya cancanci ta shiga gasar Miss Île-de-France 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2021 |title=Voici Miss Paris 2021 |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/paris-75/voici-miss-paris-2021-05-07-2021-3452MX65CNCQ5N5XM5DXTLE6AA.php |website=[[Le Parisien]] |language=French}}</ref> Leyre ta naɗa Océane Bobèche a matsayin magajinta a Miss Paris 2022 a ranar 21 ga Yuni 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2022 |title=Océane Bobèche, élue Miss Paris 2022 : «J'avais envie de rayonner» |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/paris-75/oceane-bobeche-elue-miss-paris-2022-javais-envie-de-rayonner-21-06-2022-GFP23AQXFFC4RCYGRKL4K6B6HA.php |website=[[Le Parisien]] |language=French}}</ref> Leyre daga baya ta fafata a Miss Île-de-France 2021 a ranar 3 ga Oktoba 2021, kuma ta lashe taken. A matsayinta na Miss Île-de-France, ta sami damar wakiltar yankin a Miss France 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 October 2021 |title=Originaire de Paris, Diane Leyre sacrée Miss Ile-de-France 2021 |url=https://actu.fr/ile-de-france/dammarie-les-lys_77152/originaire-de-paris-diane-leyre-sacree-miss-ile-de-france-2021_45377024.html |website=actu.fr |language=French}}</ref> Leyre ta naɗa Adèle Bonnamour a matsayin magajinta a Miss Île-de-France 2022, a ranar 22 ga Oktoba 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 October 2022 |title=Miss France 2023 : qui est Adèle Bonnamour, la sublime Miss Ile-de-France ? |url=https://fr.news.yahoo.com/miss-france-2023-ad%C3%A8le-bonnamour-090028716.html |website=[[Yahoo! News]] |language=French |access-date=7 September 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918173711/https://fr.news.yahoo.com/miss-france-2023-ad%C3%A8le-bonnamour-090028716.html |archive-date=18 September 2023 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === Miss Faransa === [[Fayil:Diane_Leyre_-_Chinese_Business_Club.png|right|thumb|Leyre a cikin 2022]] An gudanar da Miss France 2022 a ranar 11 ga Disamba 2021 a [[Caen]]" id="mwew" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Zénith de Caen">Zénith na Caen a Caen . <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2021 |title=Normandie. Le Zénith de Caen prêt à redémarrer avec 68 rendez-vous en 2021-2022 |url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/normandie/caen-14000/normandie-le-zenith-de-caen-pret-a-redemarrer-avec-68-rendez-vous-en-2021-2022-657c1cce-dff2-11eb-9cb0-6e5656ec3200 |website=Ouest-France}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2021 |title=L'élection de Miss France 2022 aura lieu au Zénith de Caen le samedi 11 décembre |url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/normandie/caen-14000/miss-france-2022-sera-elue-au-zenith-de-caen-le-samedi-11-decembre-4c90f8f8-0a34-11ec-8cc9-17f2879dca50 |website=[[Ouest-France]] |language=French}}</ref> Kafin fara gasar, ta riga ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu tseren gaba don cin nasara.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2021 |title=Miss France 2022 : qui sont les candidates favorites avant la finale sur TF1 ? |url=https://www.midilibre.fr/2021/12/10/miss-france-2022-voici-les-candidates-favorites-des-internautes-avant-la-finale-sur-tf1-9983766.php |website=[[Midi Libre]] |language=French}}</ref> Leyre ta yi gasa a wasan karshe, inda ta ci gaba zuwa saman goma sha biyar sannan daga baya zuwa saman biyar. A lokacin gasar, ta sami kulawar kafofin watsa labarai don amfani da baguette a matsayin kayan haɗi don tufafinta na yanki, da kuma yin tuntuɓe a kan mataki a cikin rigarta ta maraice.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 December 2021 |title=Miss France 2022: le produit régional de Miss Île-de-France n'est pas passé inaperçu |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/miss-france-2022-le-produit-regional-de-cette-miss-nest-pas-passe-inapercu_fr_61b5183ee4b0030da7d5ec5c |website=Huffington Post |language=French}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2021 |title=Le sacre de Diane Leyre, deux dérapages en plein défilé... Ce qu'il faut retenir de l'élection Miss France 2022 |url=https://tvmag.lefigaro.fr/programme-tv/le-sacre-de-diane-leyre-deux-derapages-en-plein-defile-ce-qu-il-faut-retenir-de-l-election-miss-france-2022_8c614832-5ac2-11ec-8986-b8ee2f4285c7/ |website=[[Le Figaro]] |language=French}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2021 |title=Miss France 2022 : plusieurs candidates trébuchent, Twitter s'enflamme |url=https://www.ohmymag.com/television/miss-france-2022-plusieurs-candidates-trebuchent-twitter-senflamme_art146906.html |website=Ohmymag |language=French}}</ref> A ƙarshen wasan, an ayyana Leyre a matsayin mai nasara, wanda mai riƙe da taken Amandine Petit na [[Normandie|Normandy]] ya lashe shi, ya zama mace ta goma sha shida daga Île-de-France don lashe taken.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2021 |title=Miss France 2022 : Diane Leyre, Miss Ile-de-France, remporte la couronne |url=https://www.leparisien.fr/culture-loisirs/miss-ile-de-france-diane-leyre-elue-miss-france-2022-12-12-2021-BNNZF4ZEUJEMPHGOJ2RZXFS6EU.php |website=[[Le Parisien]] |language=French}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2021 |title=Miss France 2022 est Diane Leyre, Miss Ile-de-France |url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Miss-France-2022-est-Diane-Leyre-Miss-Ile-de-France-1775725#Diane-Leyre-tout-a-droite-Miss-Ile-de-France-a-ete-elue-Miss-France-2022 |website=[[Paris Match]] |language=French}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2021 |title=Miss Ile-de-France, Diane Leyre, élue Miss France 2022 |url=https://www.lalibre.be/dernieres-depeches/afp/2021/12/12/miss-ile-de-france-diane-leyre-elue-miss-france-2022-FC5E43V64BAHZAJYKSBI3AS2ZM/ |website=[[La Libre Belgique]] |access-date=7 September 2026 |archive-date=12 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212020851/https://www.lalibre.be/dernieres-depeches/afp/2021/12/12/miss-ile-de-france-diane-leyre-elue-miss-france-2022-FC5E43V64BAHZAJYKSBI3AS2ZM/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> A matsayinta na Miss Faransa, an ba Leyre kyaututtuka da kyaututtaka da yawa, gami da fiye da Yuro 57,000 a cikin kyaututtuki daga masu tallafawa, zama na tsawon shekara a cikin wani ɗakin alatu na [[Faris|Paris]], da kuma albashin da ba a bayyana ba na kowane wata daidai da babban jami'in zartarwa a Faransa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ferry |first=Jeanne |date=8 December 2021 |title=Miss France 2022 : le salaire de la gagnante dévoilé |url=https://www.femmeactuelle.fr/actu/news-actu/miss-france-2022-le-salaire-de-la-gagnante-devoilee-2124706 |website=[[Femme Actuelle]] |access-date=7 September 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118202032/https://www.femmeactuelle.fr/actu/news-actu/miss-france-2022-le-salaire-de-la-gagnante-devoilee-2124706 |archive-date=18 January 2024 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Bayan ya lashe taken, an ba Leyre damar bayyana a abubuwan da suka faru da yawa a Faransa da kuma duniya. Daga cikin wadannan abubuwan sun hada da kasancewa mai takara a ''Fort Boyard'', baƙo a 2022 French Open da 2022 Cannes Film Festival, da kuma aiki a matsayin samfurin gabatarwa a biranen kamar [[Barcelona]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 July 2022 |title="C'était horrible !" : Diane Leyre (Miss France 2022) garde un mauvais souvenir de Fort Boyard |url=https://www.gala.fr/l_actu/news_de_stars/cetait-horrible-diane-leyre-miss-france-2022-garde-un-mauvais-souvenir-de-fort-boyard_498611 |website=[[Gala (magazine)|Gala]] |language=French}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2022 |title=Photos : énormes galères de robe à Cannes pour Diane Leyre, son premier festival vire au cauchemar ! |url=https://www.public.fr/Toutes-les-photos/Photos-enormes-galeres-de-robe-a-Cannes-pour-Diane-Leyre-son-premier-festival-vire-au-cauchemar-1710041 |website=Public |language=French}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2022 |title=Roland-Garros, le rendez-vous incontournable des Miss France |url=https://www.parismatch.com/People/Roland-Garros-le-rendez-vous-incontournable-des-Miss-France-1809278#1 |website=[[Paris Match]] |language=French}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2022 |title=VIDEO EXCLU – Diane Leyre (Miss France 2022) nous convie en backstage du shooting Festina |url=https://www.gala.fr/mode/les_stars_et_la_mode/video-exclu-diane-leyre-miss-france-2022-nous-convie-en-backstage-du-shooting-festina_484855 |website=[[Gala (magazine)|Gala]] |language=French}}</ref> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1997]] ==manazarta== hjoovedk6kp24ctr8x0o6ayr2t8h514 0 166807 961639 931894 2026-10-02T01:18:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ehrenbürg_Panorama_05.jpg|thumb|292x292px| Ehrenbürg, Walberla da kuma Rodenstein]] [[Fayil:Walberla03_0805.jpg|thumb| Ra'ayin Rodenstein daga Walberla]] '''Ehrenbürg (wanda aka fi sani da Ehrenbürg)''' wani [[Butte|dutse ne]] mai tsayi biyu a gefen Jura na Franconian a Bavaria, [[Jamus]]. Tana cikin gundumar Forchheim a Upper Franconia, a cikin ƙananan hukumomin Kirchehrenbach, Leutenbach da Wiesenthau . Dutsen arewa shine 522 m a sama NHN babba. Shahararriyar Walberla ( 513.9 m a sama NHN ) wani tsauni ne mai ƙasƙantar da yanayin ƙasa na 6&nbsp;mita yana yamma da shi. Kololuwar kudu ita ce 531.7 m a sama Babban 531.7 Rodenstein (wanda a da aka sani da Bodenstein). An fi sanin wannan [[Inliers da outliers (geology)|mutumin]] da suna '''Walberla.''' == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wuri === Ehrenbürg yana cikin gindin tsaunukan Franconian Switzerland, wanda shine yankin arewacin Jura na Franconian, wanda hakan ya zama wani ɓangare na Scarplands na Kudancin Jamus . Yana cikin [[Franconian Switzerland and Veldenstein Forest Nature Park|Franconian Switzerland da Veldenstein Forest Nature Park]], kimanin 2&nbsp;kilomita kudu maso gabas na Kirchehrenbach, 1.4&nbsp;km arewa maso yamma na Leutenbach da 1.6&nbsp;kilomita gabas-arewa maso gabas da Wiesenthau. Dietzhof, wani ɓangare na Leutenbach, da Schlaifhausen, wani ɓangare na Wiesenthau, suna kudu da tsaunin; Reuth, wani ɓangare na gabashin garin Forchheim, yana yamma da shi. Tudun yana da kimanin nisan 1.5&nbsp;tsawon kilomita da 300 ko 350&nbsp;Faɗin mita a mafi faɗinsa. <ref name="Geheimnisvolles">Christina König and Mathias Will, [http://www.lrz.de/~arch/mitt/mitt117.htm "Geheimnisvolles Walberla: Die Besiedlung in vor- und frühgeschichtlicher Zeit"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319174608/http://www.lrz.de/~arch/mitt/mitt117.htm |date=2012-03-19 }}, ''Mitteilungen der Freunde der Vor- und Frühgeschichte'' 117, 28 November 2006 {{In lang|de}}</ref> <ref name="unterirdische">Rainer Christlein and Otto Braasch, ''Das unterirdische Bayern: 7000 Jahre Geschichte und Archäologie im Luftbild'', Stuttgart: Theiss, 1982, {{ISBN|978-3-8062-0233-5}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=en4gAAAAMAAJ&q=Jahrhundert+mehren+sich+Hinweise+auf+eine+kurzfristige%2C+nunmehr+germanische+Besiedlung+vor+allem+im+Bereich+des p. 110] {{In lang|de}}</ref> Kololuwa biyu nasa sune 750&nbsp;m a tsakaninsu, tare da "sirdi" mai faɗi a tsakaninsu. Ehrenbach yana ratsawa ta tsaunin zuwa gabas; a Kirchehrenbach yana haɗuwa da Wiesent-Mühlbach, wani ma'ajiyar [[Wiesent River|Wiesent]], wanda ke gudana zuwa yamma. === Yankunan da aka kare === Ehrenbürg yana yammacin tagwayen yankunan da aka kare na halitta na Ehrenbürg da Katzenköpfe, waɗanda aka keɓe a ƙarƙashin Umarnin Habitat na [[Tarayyar Turai]], kuma waɗanda ke da alaƙa da yankin kare tsuntsaye ( Muhimmin Yankin Tsuntsaye ) ''Felsen-und Hangwälder a der Fränkischen Schweiz'' (ƙafafun dutse da gangaren daji na Little Switzerland). Bugu da ƙari, yana cikin ɓangaren yamma na [[Yankin kariya|yankin da aka kare]] Little Switzerland da kuma dajin Veldenstein, wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 2001 kuma ya ƙunshi 1,021.64&nbsp;km ² . Wurin zama busasshen ciyawa da tsire-tsire masu wuya, musamman orchids, sun sa aka sanya tudun, musamman manyan sassansa, a cikin 1987 a matsayin Yankin Kariyar Yanayi na Ehrenbürg, wanda shine 1.55&nbsp;^km2 a faɗin, matsakaicin girmansa ya kai kimanin 2.3&nbsp;km daga arewa zuwa kudu da kuma 1&nbsp;km daga gabas zuwa yamma. == Ilimin ƙasa == === Bayani === Ehrenbürg wani yanki ne da ke da iyaka da rafin Ehrenbach ya raba shi da babban tudun Jura na Franconian. Tudun mai tsawon mita 1,500 da faɗin mita 300 ya haura zuwa mita 250 a saman filin kwarin Lower [[Wiesent Valley|Wiesent]] . Za a iya raba shi kusan zuwa yankuna uku: a kudu akwai Rodenstein tare da samansa (532)&nbsp;m) da kuma Schlaifhausener Kopf (512)&nbsp;m), a tsakiya akwai babban sirdi kuma a arewa akwai Walberla, gami da Denkmalfels (514)&nbsp;m) da kuma Geierswandkopf (523)&nbsp;m). A farkon Jurassic, kimanin shekaru miliyan 200 da suka wuce, teku ta mamaye kusan dukkan kudancin Jamus. A lokacin Jurassic na Ƙasa ( ''Lias'' ) yankin da farko yana kan gefen teku. Koguna sun ɗauki yashi daga babban yankin zuwa kwarin teku, kuma bakin tekun ya ci gaba da tafiya kudu maso gabas sakamakon haka. A can cikin ruwan da ke da natsuwa, an ajiye [[Yumbu|duwatsu]] masu duhu da marls . Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Bavaria ta sanya Ehrenbürgfelsen a matsayin geotope. [[Fayil:Ehrenbürg_Pano-20190929-RM-174659.jpg|left|thumb|824x824px| Panorama na Ehrenbürg]] === Steinerne Frau akan Walberla === ''Steinerne Frau'' ("Mace Dutse") a kan Walberla wani sanannen dutse ne a gefen yammacin tsaunin Walberla. Tsaftacewar yanayi ya haifar da zaizayar ƙasa, musamman ma gidajen da ke tsaye a cikin layin dolomite . A tsawon lokaci, waɗannan ramukan sun lalace sosai har aka ƙirƙiri hasumiyoyin duwatsu daban-daban. Wannan hasumiyar dutse ba ta rabu gaba ɗaya da fuskar dutse a ƙasan sashinta ba. An sanya ''Steinerne Frau'' a matsayin geotope, wanda aka haɗa a watan Satumba na 2005 cikin jerin kyawawan geotopes a Bavaria. === Wiesenthauer Nadel === Kimanin mita 100 a kudu da ''Steinerne Frau'' akwai hasumiyar dutse da aka sani da Wiesenthauer Nadel ("Wiesenthau Needle"). An kammala wannan dutsen da aka raba shi da dutsen da ya fi shi, kuma ya riga ya karkata zuwa kwarin. === Zwillingsfelsen === A gefen gabashin Walberla akwai ''Zwillingsfelsen'' ("Twin Rocks"). Wannan kololuwar dutsen kuma ba ta da wani tasiri ga fuskar dutsen da ke makwabtaka da ita kuma wataƙila za ta ruguje. An sanya shi a matsayin geotope. <gallery> Fayil:Ehrenbürg_06.jpg| The ''Steinerne Frau'' Fayil:Ehrenbürg_03.jpg| ''Zwillingsfelsen'' Fayil:Wiesenthauer_Nadel.JPG| ''Wiesenthauer Nadel'' </gallery> == Sunaye da tarihi == [[Fayil:Walberla02_0805.jpg|thumb| Chapel na St Walburga]] An fara rubuta sunan Walberla a cikin wani takarda na ƙarni na 18 wanda ke nufin ɗaliban Erlangen suna hawan dutse kuma ana tsammanin an samo shi ne daga St Walburga . Wata cocin ƙarni na 16 &#x2013; 17 da aka keɓe wa matattararta a kan ƙololuwar arewa; an fara ambaton irin wannan cocin a shekara ta 1360. <ref name="Geheimnisvolles" /> Sunan Ehrenbürg ya bayyana a baya kuma an fassara shi daban-daban. Wata fassara ta samo asali ne daga Latin ''arca'' (kariya) da German ''Burg'' (ƙarfafawa), don nufin "yanki mai kariya" ko "ƙarfin da ke zaman mafaka mai aminci", <ref>Herbert Menhofer, "Zur Deutung des Namens 'Ehrenbürg'", ''Erlanger Bausteine zur fränkischen Heimatforschung'' 5.1&#x2013;2 (1958) pp. 28&#x2013;31, cited in ''Archiv für Geschichte von Oberfranken'' 46 (1966) [https://books.google.com/books?id=v2srAQAAIAAJ&q=Menhofer+Ehrenb%C3%BCrg p. 112] {{In lang|de}}</ref> wani kuma daga Celtic * ''Ariacon'' ko * ''Arika'' ; <ref>''Jahrbuch für fränkische Landesforschung'' 62 (2002) [https://books.google.com/books?id=NzdoAAAAMAAJ&q=Damit+aber+kann+eine+Herleitung+von+einem+keltischen+*Ariacon%2F*Arika+f%C3%BCr+die+Namen+Ehrenb%C3%BCrg+und+Kirchehrenbach+ p. 365] {{In lang|de}}</ref> wani kuma daga Ehrenbach da na'urorin da ake amfani da su don kama kifi a wurin. <ref>Hermann Schreibmüller, "Ehrenbürg, ein Bergnamenrätsel", ''Fränkische Blätter zur Geschichtsforschung und Heimatpflege'' 1.9 (1949) 33&#x2013;36, repr. in ''Franken in Geschichte und Namenwelt'', ed. Günther Schuhmann, Veröffentlichungen der Gesellschaft für Fränkische Geschichte: Darstellungen aus der fränkischen Geschichte 10, Würzburg: Schöningh, 1954, pp. 187&#x2013;92, [https://books.google.com/books?id=upQrAQAAIAAJ&q=Bach p. 191] {{In lang|de}}</ref> <ref>''Archiv für Geschichte von Oberfranken'' 46 (1966) [https://books.google.com/books?id=v2srAQAAIAAJ&q=Arch+oder+Erch+nennt+man+selbst+heute+noch+in+dortiger+Gegend+ein+dem+Fischfang+dienliches+Ger%C3%A4t%2C+so+da%C3%9F+Schreibm%C3%BCller+glaubt%2C+den+Namen+als+%E2%80%9EBach+mit+den+Erchen%22+deuten+zu+m%C3%BCssen.+Die+Ehrenb%C3%BCrg+w%C3%A4re+dann+eben+die+%E2%80%9EEhrenbachb%C3%BCrg%22%2C p. 111] {{In lang|de}}</ref> Akwai labarai guda biyu na gida game da kifi. A da, cocin yana da mutum-mutumin Budurwa Maryamu mai kambi mai cike da ruwa wanda kifi ke iyo a ciki, kuma bisa ga tatsuniya, idan kifin ya bugi wutsiyarsa a gefen kambin, za a yi ambaliya; <ref name="Krone">"Der Fisch in der Marienkrone", ''Archiv für Geschichte von Oberfranken'' 46 (1966) [https://books.google.com/books?id=v2srAQAAIAAJ&q=Walburgiskapelle+stand+in+alter+Zeit+eine+Muttergottesstatue%2C+deren+Krone+mit+Wasser+gef%C3%BCllt+war p. 120]; also in Alfred Frank, ''Das Walberla und sein Sagenkranz'', Beiträge zur Ortskunde von Kirchehrenbach 3, Kirchehrenbach Heimatfreunde 1989, repr. Bayreuth 1977, [http://www.eckwal.de/Sagen/fraenkische_Sagen11.htm text online] on Walter Eckert's site {{In lang|de}}</ref> haka kuma bisa ga tatsuniya, wani tafki a ƙarƙashin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin tudun yana ɗauke da kifi mai girma wanda dole ne ya haɗiye wutsiyarsa, kuma idan ya sake shi, duk ƙauyukan da ke kusa za su cika da ambaliyar ruwa da ta haifar. <ref>"Der grosse Fisch im Berg", ''Archiv für Geschichte von Oberfranken'' 46 (1966) [https://books.google.com/books?id=v2srAQAAIAAJ&q=Walberla+Fisch p. 119]; also in Frank; [http://www.eckwal.de/Sagen/fraenkische_Sagen10.htm text online] on Walter Eckert's site {{In lang|de}}</ref> === Hawa === An haramta hawan Walberla tun daga shekarar 1991. A kan Rodenstein, hanyoyi ne kawai da aka kafa za a iya hawa. Akwai guda 44 daga cikinsu, har zuwa aji na VIII+ na UIAA . Manyan hanyoyin hawa dutse sune Fuskar Schlaifhausen, Fuskar ''Frankenschnellweg'' (Gajeren Hanya na Franconian) da Fuskar Edelweiß. <ref>[https://www.via-ferrata.de/img-walberla-505.htm Gipfelbuch Klettern Walberla] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233401/http://www.via-ferrata.de/img-walberla-505.htm |date=2016-03-03 }}, with recommended climbs and links to diagrams of climbing routes {{In lang|de}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] e2q8jh7cs7y93cxxk3g3ttbdr7g0ess 0 167139 961680 932337 2026-10-02T05:20:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Eugene Pandala''' wani mai gine-gine ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya, wanda aka san shi da ginawa da kyawawan dabi'un dorewar muhalli. == Ilimi da aiki == Pandala ya kammala karatunsa na farko a fannin gine-gine daga Kwalejin Injiniya ta Trivandrum . Pandala ta yi karatun digiri na biyu a fannin Zane-zanen Birane a Makarantar Tsare-tsare da Gine-gine da ke New Delhi. Ya yi karatunsa na Fellowship a fannin kiyaye gado a Jami'ar York da kuma a Fort Brockhurst English Heritage Training Center da ke Birtaniya. Shi ne shugaban makarantar gine-gine ta biyu a Kerala (1985) da ke Kollam inda ya shafe lokaci yana ilmantarwa da bincike kan fasahar gine-gine ta gargajiya ta Indiya. Pandala tana karatu a Makarantar Tsare-tsare da Gine-gine ta Delhi ta haɗu da fitaccen mai zane [[Hassan Fathi|Hassan Fathy]], kuma ta sami kwarin gwiwa wajen ginawa da laka. A matsayinsa na mai son yanayi, kuma mai fafutukar kare al'adun gargajiya, yana tsara gine-gine da kayan halitta, shimfidar wurare masu kiyaye bambancin halittu, da shuke-shuke na asali, yana fifita siffofin halitta masu ban sha'awa. Pandala ya gina gidansa na farko na laka a Kollam a shekarar 1996, <ref name="Magic of mud 2005" /> wanda ya ƙunshi murabba'in ƙafa 2,500. ƙafa na gini, wanda hakan ya jawo hankalin jama'a. Salon gine-ginensa na musamman ya samar da kyaututtuka da karramawa da yawa. A shekarar 2011, Lalit Kala Academy ta ba shi kyautar Laurie Baker ta farko <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-30 |title=Kerala News : First Laurie Baker Award |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/first-laurie-baker-award-announced/article1139557.ece |access-date=2012-07-31 |website=The Hindu}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> (The Hindu The Sunday, 30 Janairu 2011). Kyautar Mai Zane na Shekara da mujallar zane ta ''Inside Outside'' ta bayar a shekarar 2007 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Business Standard |date=2007-11-13 |title=Kerala artist retreat bags best eco-friendly design award |url=http://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Kerala+Artist+Retreat+Bags+Best+Eco-friendly+Design+Award |access-date=2012-07-31 |publisher=Business-standard.com}}</ref> (Kerala artist retreat backs best environmental design accompanion Standard Sunday, 25 Maris 2012) an yi ta ne don ƙirar da ta dace da muhalli. Mujallar ''Inside Outside'' ta zaɓi aikin kiyaye kayan tarihi nasa a Gabashin Fort Trivandrum don kyautar yabo a shekarar 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Business Line : Features / Life News |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/life/2004/12/03/stories/2004120300160400.htm |access-date=2012-07-31 |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com}}</ref> A shekarar 1999, aka ba Pandala kyautar yabo, kyautar yabo, daga JK Foundations, kyautar mai zane na shekara. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Winners Since Inception |url=http://www.aya-jkcement.com/WinBegin.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520032858/http://www.aya-jkcement.com/WinBegin.html |archive-date=20 May 2019 |access-date=2012-07-31 |publisher=Aya-jkcement.com}}</ref> Ana yawan ambaton aikin kiyaye kayan tarihi na Fort Cochin, ayyukan kiyaye kayan tarihi na Trivandrum East Fort, a matsayin kyawawan misalai na ayyukan kiyaye kayan tarihi [[Kerala|na Kerala]] . Kungiyar kare muhalli ta Eugene Pandala ce ta jagoranci wannan, wanda hakan ya ba gwamnatin jihar damar lashe kyautar PATA . Gine-gine masu dorewa / Gine-gine masu kore wani fanni ne da Pandala ta yi fice. Aikin gyaran [[tsunami]] da ya yi a Malayala Manorama da gine-gine don masana'antar baƙi ya sami yabo sosai saboda haɗin gwiwarta da yanayi. Ya kasance babban mai jawabi a taron digiri na 361 na 2016 da aka gudanar a cibiyar Nehru da ke Mumbai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eugene Pandala profile |url=http://www.361degrees.net.in/eugene_pandala_2016.html |publisher=361° conference 2016 |access-date=2026-09-08 |archive-date=2024-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209213434/http://www.361degrees.net.in/eugene_pandala_2016.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A watan Maris na 2016, majalisar Burtaniya ta karbi bakuncin Pandala don shirinta na Great Talk Series a Mumbai da kuma Pune. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2019 |title=British Council Hosts The Great Talk in Mumbai |url=http://www.scholarshipsinindia.com/BRITISH-COUNCIL-HOSTS-THE-GREAT-TALK-IN-MUMBAI.html |publisher=Scholarshipsinindia.com}}</ref> An yi muhawara kan buƙatar gidaje masu araha masu dorewa ga talakawa a cikin Shashwat - wani littafi na reshen ba da takardar shaida na kore na Gwamnatin Indiya. 'Griha' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shashwat - Sustainable building and certification |url=http://www.grihaindia.org/files/shashwat/issue4_2017/mobile/index.html#p=105 |access-date=2026-09-08 |archive-date=2025-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250425084509/https://www.grihaindia.org/files/shashwat/issue4_2017/mobile/index.html#p=105 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manyan ayyuka == Wurin shakatawa na Duniya, Banasura Hill Resort, Wayanad, [[Kerala]] - Faɗin ƙafa 20,000, wurin shakatawa mai ɗakuna 31. <gallery mode="packed-hover"> Fayil:RKFA_003.jpg Fayil:RKFA_002.jpg Fayil:RKFA_004.jpg Fayil:RKFA_006.jpg Fayil:RKFA_008.jpg </gallery>Raviz, Kollam, [[Kerala]] - wurin shakatawa mai ɗakuna 94. <gallery mode="packed-hover"> Fayil:BODHI001.jpg Fayil:BODHI002.jpg Fayil:BODHI003.jpg Fayil:BODHI004.jpg Fayil:BODHI005.jpg </gallery>Revathy Kala Mandir, Trivandrum, [[Kerala]] - A Film Academy. <gallery mode="packed-hover"> Fayil:OWIYAM-02.jpg Fayil:Owiyam_05.jpg </gallery>An gina BODHI a shekarar 1996. Wannan gidan laka misali ne na gine-gine masu ɗorewa ta amfani da kayan halitta kuma yana da matuƙar daɗi da kuma dacewa da muhalli.<gallery mode="packed-hover"> Fayil:PR001.jpg Fayil:PR002.jpg Fayil:PR003.jpg Fayil:PR004.jpg </gallery>OWIYUM - Wurin aiki da zama ga mai zane na Indiya da Jamus a Marayoor, yana kiyaye ƙafar da aka gina ƙanƙanta gwargwadon iko kuma ba ya shafar yanayin muhalli sosai.<gallery mode="packed-hover"> Fayil:Sarai_at_Toria,_Madhya_Pradesh,_India,_ST001.jpg Fayil:Sarai_at_Toria,_Madhya_Pradesh,_India,_ST002.jpg Fayil:Sarai_at_Toria,_Madhya_Pradesh,_India,_ST003.jpg Fayil:ST004.jpg </gallery><gallery mode="packed-hover"> File:PR001.jpg File:PR002.jpg File:PR003.jpg File:PR004.jpg </gallery>Sarai in Toria, Madhya Pradesh. Wani masauki da aka tsara musamman yana kan wani wuri a gefen kogi, kusa da Khajuraho a Madhya Pradesh, Indiya.<gallery mode="packed-hover"> File:Sarai_at_Toria,_Madhya_Pradesh,_India,_ST001.jpg File:Sarai_at_Toria,_Madhya_Pradesh,_India,_ST002.jpg File:Sarai_at_Toria,_Madhya_Pradesh,_India,_ST003.jpg File:ST004.jpg </gallery> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1954]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] d6rn31imrbhjnkqtdge0s105i8l7cer 0 167210 961823 953731 2026-10-02T09:03:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961823 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Flashpoint Chicago''' harabar Kwalejin Columbia Hollywood ce, wata kwalejin fasaha mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta wacce ke mai da hankali kan sadarwa, fasahar kafofin watsa labarai, da kuma bayar da labarai na zamani. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=A New Era |url=https://flashpoint.columbiacollege.edu/new-era/ |access-date=2019-02-18 |website=Flashpoint Chicago |language=en-US |archive-date=2018-05-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180503042406/https://flashpoint.columbiacollege.edu/new-era/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hollywood |first=Columbia College |title=Home |url=https://columbiacollege.edu/ |access-date=2019-02-18 |website=Columbia College Hollywood |language=en-US}}</ref> Flashpoint Chicago tana cikin tsakiyar birnin [[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]] . An rufe shi a ƙarshen shekarar karatu ta 2021-2022. <ref name="closure">{{Cite web |date=2021-08-06 |title=Flashpoint Chicago will close in May 2022 after the spring semester |url=https://reelchicago.com/article/flashpoint-chicago-will-close-in-may-2022-after-the-spring-semester/ |access-date=2021-10-16 |publisher=Reel Chicago}}</ref> Hukumar Kwalejin Sakandare ta WASC da Hukumar Jami'a (WSCUC) ta amince da harabar makarantar don bayar da [[Bachelor na Fine Arts|digiri na farko a fannin Fasaha]] da shirye-shiryen digiri na haɗin gwiwa . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Columbia College Hollywood {{!}} WASC Senior College and University Commission |url=https://www.wscuc.org/institutions/columbia-college-hollywood |access-date=2019-02-18 |website=www.wscuc.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006234848/https://www.wscuc.org/institutions/columbia-college-hollywood |archive-date=2018-10-06 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tarihi == A shekarar 2018, Flashpoint Chicago ta zama reshen harabar Kwalejin Columbia Hollywood, wata cibiya mai zaman kanta, wacce aka amince da ita a yankin, bayan da kwalejin ta mallaki tsohuwar Kwalejin Tribeca Flashpoint da ke Chicago, Illinois. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2017 |title=WASC April 2017 Actions |url=https://www.wscuc.org/files/commission_action_april_2017.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180519032330/https://www.wscuc.org/files/commission_action_april_2017.pdf |archive-date=May 19, 2018 |access-date=February 18, 2019 |website=WSCUC}}</ref> An kafa Flashpoint Chicago a shekarar 2007 a matsayin Flashpoint, Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Watsa Labarai. A shekarar 2010, kwalejin ta shiga haɗin gwiwa da Tribeca Enterprises, kamfanin da [[Robert De Niro]], Jane Rosenthal da Craig Hatkoff suka kafa, wanda aka fi sani da shirya bikin fina-finai na Tribeca, kuma aka sake wa kwalejin suna zuwa Tribeca Flashpoint Media Arts Academy. Sterling Capital Partners, wani kamfani mai zaman kansa na hannun jari, ya zama mamallakin Tribeca Flashpoint Academy a shekarar 2012, kuma a watan Afrilun 2015, makarantar ta sanar da cewa ta zama Tribeca Flashpoint College. Tun daga lokacin Flashpoint ta kawo ƙarshen hulɗarta da Tribeca Enterprises. <ref name=":0" /> An san kwalejin da Flashpoint Chicago, wani harabar Kwalejin Columbia Hollywood. Kwalejin Columbia Hollywood tana da ikon gudanar da aiki da bayar da digiri a yankin Chicago daga Hukumar Ilimi Mai Girma ta Illinois (IBHE). <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=January 1, 2019 |title=Columbia College Hollywood 2019 General Catalog, Los Angeles Main Campus |url=https://columbiacollege.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/2019-Los-Angeles-GENERAL-Catalog-Effective-Jan-1-2019-20190114.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219130212/https://columbiacollege.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/2019-Los-Angeles-GENERAL-Catalog-Effective-Jan-1-2019-20190114.pdf |archive-date=February 19, 2019 |access-date=February 18, 2019 |website=Columbia College}}</ref> An rufe harabar jami'ar a ƙarshen shekarar karatu ta 2021-2022, inda shugaban kwalejin ya yi iƙirarin cewa makarantar tana fama da matsalar shiga jami'a, musamman a lokacin da kuma bayan annobar COVID-19 . <ref name="closure" /> == Harabar jami'a == <mapframe latitude="41.882726" longitude="-87.631067" zoom="13" width="400" height="300" align="right" />Harabar Flashpoint ta Chicago ta mamaye bene na biyar da na shida na ginin tarihi na Burnham Center da ke lamba 28 a titin North Clark a tsakiyar birnin Chicago Loop . Harabar makarantar tana kusa da gidajen tarihi, wuraren wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma bukukuwan al'adu iri-iri na shekara-shekara. Unguwar tana da iyaka da yankin tarihi na Chicago da kuma Chicago Riverwalk, sannan kuma a gabas da Millennium Park da kuma bakin tekun Lake Michigan . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Flashpoint Chicago, a campus of Columbia College Hollywood - Google Maps |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Flashpoint+Chicago,+a+Campus+of+Columbia+College+Hollywood/@41.8827166,-87.6332551,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x880e2cbbabaf8c1f:0xa412e8e4977d8d3f!8m2!3d41.8827126!4d-87.6310664 |access-date=February 18, 2019 |website=Google Maps}}</ref> Ɗakin tantance fina-finai na Flashpoint Chicago mai kujeru 52 wuri ne da ɗalibai a kowane fanni za su iya kallon ayyukan ƙwararru da kuma nuna fina-finansu. An yi wa ɗakin tantancewa ado da fasahar 4K, kunna Blu-ray, sautin kewaye na 7.1, da kuma makirufo mara waya da haɗin kwamfuta ga lasifika da masu gabatarwa. == Manazarta == cyeni26efqemstmyqkrhknwt2xbxi34 0 167325 961554 921700 2026-10-01T20:47:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dokar Rikicin Ruwa Tsakanin Jihohi, 1956''' ( '''Dokar IRWD''' ) Dokar Majalisar Dokokin Indiya ce da aka zartar a ƙarƙashin [[wikisource:Constitution of India (2020)/Part XI|Sashe na 262]] na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Indiya a jajibirin sake tsara jihohi bisa ga harshe don warware takaddamar ruwa da za ta taso a cikin amfani, iko da rarraba kogin da ke tsakanin jihohi <ref>{{Cite web |title=River basins of India |url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/india/drainage-river-basin.jpg |access-date=21 October 2012}}</ref> ko kwarin kogi. <ref name="iraw">{{Cite web |title=Interstate River Water Disputes Act, 1956 - As modified up to 6th August 2002 |url=http://jalshakti-dowr.gov.in/sites/default/files/Act_33_0f_19566693937623.pdf |access-date=17 July 2021 |publisher=Government of India}}</ref>&nbsp;Sashe na 262 na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Indiya ya bayar da muhimmiyar rawa ga gwamnatin tarayya wajen yanke hukunci kan rikice-rikicen da suka shafi kogunan da ke tsakanin jihohi da gwamnatocin jihohi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Constitution of India |url=http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-indexenglish.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402064301/http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-indexenglish.htm |archive-date=2 April 2012 |access-date=21 March 2012}}</ref>&nbsp;An yi wa wannan Dokar kwaskwarima daga baya, tare da sabon gyaran da aka yi a shekarar 2002. Wannan Dokar ta samo asali ne daga dokokin da suka wanzu a lokacin mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012 |title=Interstate Water Dispute and Federalism: Governance of Interstate River Water in India |url=https://files01.core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234677484.pdff |access-date=13 January 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Amfani da ruwan kogi/damar amfani da shi yana cikin ikon jihohi (shafi na 17 na jerin jihohi, Jadawalin 7 na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Indiya). Duk da haka, gwamnatin ƙungiyar kwadago tare da amincewar majalisar dokoki za ta iya yin dokoki kan tsara da haɓaka koguna da kwaruruka na jihohi gwargwadon yadda waɗannan albarkatun ruwa ke ƙarƙashin ikonta kai tsaye idan ya dace da [[Ra'ayin kowa da kowa|muradun jama'a]] (shigarwar 56 na jerin ƙungiyoyin kwadago, Jadawalin 7 na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Indiya). Kamfanin Damodar Valley Corporation, NHPC, Dokar Allon Ruwa ta 1956, da sauransu a ƙarƙashin ikon gwamnatin ƙungiyar kwadago, ana iya komawa zuwa Mataki na 56 na jerin ƙungiyoyin kwadago. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Water and federalism: Working with states for water security |url=http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/Water%20and%20Federalism.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103175557/http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/Water%20and%20Federalism.pdf |archive-date=3 January 2022 |access-date=3 January 2022}}</ref> Idan gwamnatin ƙungiyar kwadago ta so ta karɓi aikin kogin da ke ƙarƙashin ikonta ta hanyar doka (kamar yadda aka tanada a cikin kundin tsarin mulki) daga jihohi bisa ga shigarwar 56 na jerin ƙungiyoyin kwadago, dole ne ta sami amincewar majalisun dokokin jihohin kogin kafin ta zartar da wannan kudiri a Majalisar Dokoki bisa ga [[wikisource:Constitution of India (2020)/Part XI|Mataki na 252]] na kundin tsarin mulki. Kalmar 'bisa doka' na nufin dukkan Dokokin Kundin Tsarin Mulki da suka dace za a cika/bi su. In ba haka ba, haƙƙin Ƙungiyar a kowane shigarwar 53, 54 da 56 na Jerin Ƙungiyar yayi kama da haƙƙin da aka bai wa Ƙungiyar a cikin jerin da aka yi a lokaci guda . Idan aka yi wa muradun jama'a hidima, Shugaban ƙasa zai iya kafa majalisar tarayya kamar yadda aka tsara a [[wikisource:Constitution of India (2020)/Part XI|sashe na 263]] don yin bincike da kuma ba da shawara kan takaddamar da ta taso tsakanin [[Jihohi a Tarayyar Indiya|jihohin Indiya]]. Dokar IRWD (sashe na 2c2) ta tabbatar da yarjejeniyar da ta gabata (idan akwai) tsakanin jihohin kwarin don amfani da ruwan kogin/kwarin kogi tsakanin jihohi. Wannan doka ta takaita ne ga jihohin Indiya kuma ba ta shafi yankunan ƙungiyar tarayya ba. Gwamnatocin jihohi masu ruwa da tsaki ne kawai ke da ikon shiga cikin shari'ar kotun, kuma ba a ba da izinin hukumomin da ba na gwamnati ba. == Yarjejeniyar Raba Ruwa ta Ƙasashen Koguna == Duk wata yarjejeniya ta raba ruwan kogi da aka yi da wasu ƙasashe, dole ne Majalisar Dokoki ta amince da ita bisa ga [[wikisource:Constitution of India (2020)/Part XI|Mataki na 253]] bayan ta yanke shawara kan rabon ƙasashen da ke gabar tekun Indiya bisa ga [[wikisource:Constitution of India (2020)/Part XI|Mataki na 262]] don tabbatar da yarjejeniyar ta zama mai inganci a tsarin mulki ko kuma wacce bangaren shari'a zai iya aiwatarwa, kamar yadda Indiya ke bin ka'idar dualism don aiwatar da yarjejeniyoyi/dokoki na duniya. Gwamnatin Indiya ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar ruwan Indus da Pakistan, yarjejeniyar raba ruwa ta Ganga da Bangladesh, da sauransu ba tare da amincewar Majalisar Dokoki ba. A watan Afrilun 2025, Indiya ta dakatar da yarjejeniyar Indus Waters ba tare da wani sharaɗi ba, yayin da wasu shari'o'in warware takaddama na Kotun Sasantawa (CoA) ko kuma Neutral Expert ke ci gaba da gudana. Ana iya ƙalubalantar aiwatar da duk wani hukunci da kotun ƙasa da ƙasa/CoA ta yanke kan Indiya a Kotunan Indiya bisa dalilin cewa yarjejeniyar ba ta da inganci a ƙarƙashin kundin tsarin mulkin Indiya tunda Majalisar Dokoki ba ta amince da ita a hukumance ba bisa ga Sashe na 253 na kundin tsarin mulki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=On Indus Waters Treaty, why India is right to boycott the ruling of Court of Arbitration |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/indus-waters-treaty-india-boycott-court-of-arbitration-ruling-10120536/lite/ |access-date=11 July 2025}}</ref> Idan babu amincewar da Majalisar Dokoki ta buƙata bisa ga Mataki na 253 na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Indiya, wanda yake da matuƙar muhimmanci, duk da tattaunawa kan batun a Majalisar Dokoki, yarjejeniyar da aka amince da ita ba ta da inganci bisa ga Mataki na 46 (1) na [[Yarjejeniyar Vienna kan Dokar Yarjejeniya|VCLT]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1969 |title=Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969 |url=https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/1_1_1969.pdf |access-date=1 May 2026}}</ref> [[Fayil:India_rivers_and_lakes_map.svg|thumb| Taswirar manyan koguna a Indiya]] == Rikice-rikicen ruwa == Dokar IRWD ta shafi kwarurukan koguna/koguna ne kawai a tsakanin jihohi. Ya kamata matakin jiha ɗaya ya shafi muradun wata jiha ko fiye. To, takaddamar ruwa ce kawai ake ɗauka a matsayin ta taso a ƙarƙashin Dokar IRWD (sashe na 3). Za a iya raba shi zuwa sassa biyu masu zaman kansu domin fayyace yadda ake amfani da Dokar IRWD ta fasaha da doka. === Ayyukan da jihar da ke ƙasa ke yi na shafar sha'awar jihar da ke sama === Matakin da jihar da ke kan gaba za ta iya shafar muradun jihar da ke sama a yanayi ɗaya kawai. watau lokacin da jihar da ke ƙasa ke gina madatsar ruwa/bargaje kusa da iyakar jiharta kuma tana mamaye yankin jihar da ke sama a kan dindindin/na ɗan lokaci. Banda wannan aikin, babu wani mataki na ƙasa da ƙasa da zai iya shafar muradun ƙasa da ƙasa wanda suke amfani da shi don fannoni na tattalin arziki, muhalli da ruhaniya/addini. Ma'anar kalmar 'sha'awa' a cikin wannan mahallin ita ce damuwa/muhimmanci/mahimmanci/dacewa/sakamakon rasa amfani ko manufar ruwa da ake amfani da shi a yanzu. == Manazarta == l8nf8a3bsk252cr1grx1uvf104yfmql 0 167580 961531 923332 2026-10-01T19:01:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dennis Man''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Agusta 1998) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan [[Romainiya|ƙasar Romania]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan gefe]] ko kuma [[Mai buga tsakiya|ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari]] a ƙungiyar [[PSV Eindhoven|PSV]] ta Eredivisie da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasar Romania . Man ya fara babban aikinsa a UTA Arad a shekarar 2015, sannan ya koma FCSB a shekarar 2016. An sanya shi a cikin ƙungiyar shekara ta Liga ta 1 a kakar wasa ta 2018–19, kuma ya lashe gasar Cupa României a kakar wasa mai zuwa . Daga baya a shekarar 2020, an zabi Man a matsayin gwarzon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na shekara na ''Gazeta Sporturilor'', kafin ya koma [[Parma Calcio 1913|Parma]] daga ƙasar waje kan Yuro miliyan 11 - mafi girman kuɗin da aka taɓa biya ga ɗan wasa da aka sayar daga gasar cin kofin Romania. A shekarar 2025, bayan wasanni sama da 130 a gasar [[Serie A]] da Serie B, ya sanya hannu a kulob din PSV na kasar Holland. A duk duniya, Man ya fara buga wa Romania wasa a watan Maris na 2018, inda a baya ya buga wa 'yan ƙasa da shekara 19 da kuma 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 wasa . Ya wakilci ƙasarsa a gasar UEFA Euro 2024, inda suka kai matsayi na farko a rukuninsu kuma suka kai zagaye na 16 . == Aikin kulob == === Farkon aikina === A lokacin da yake ƙarami a Atletico Arad, Man ya yi tafiya zuwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] don gwaje-gwaje da dama, <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 October 2010 |title="Vreau să ajung mai tare ca Mutu" Un puşti minune român e aproape de Man City |trans-title="I want to be better than Mutu" A Romanian wonderkid nears Man City move |url=http://www.prosport.ro/sport-life/special/vreau-sa-ajung-mai-tare-ca-mutu-un-pusti-minune-roman-e-aproape-de-man-city-7436174?cp=1 |access-date=27 October 2017 |publisher=[[ProSport]] |language=ro}}</ref> amma babu abin da ya faru daga baya kuma ya koma UTA Arad . An ɗaga darajar Man daga makarantar koyon aikin UTA a lokacin bazara na 2015, <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2015 |title=Utiştii au renunţat şi la Ionuţ Radu. Arădenii pleacă sâmbătă în Austria |trans-title="Utiştii" gave up on Ionuţ Radu. The Arad people will leave to Austria on Saturday |url=http://liga2.prosport.ro/seria-2/bursa-transferurilor/utistii-au-renuntat-si-la-ionut-radu-aradenii-pleaca-sambata-in-austria-14658452 |access-date=27 October 2017 |publisher=ProSport |language=ro}}</ref> yana da shekaru 17, kuma ya fara buga wasa a matakin farko a ranar 29 ga Agusta a wasan da suka sha kashi 2-1 a hannun Gaz Metan Mediaș don gasar La Liga II . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 September 2015 |title=Na, ce spuneam? UTA are viață foarte grea în Liga 2: 1–2 cu Gaz Metan |trans-title=Look what we were just saying. UTA have a hard time in the Liga 2: 1–2 against Gaz Metan |url=http://specialarad.ro/na-ce-spuneam-uta-are-viata-foarte-grea-in-liga-2-1-2-cu-gaz-metan-foto/ |access-date=27 October 2017 |publisher=Special Arad |language=ro}}</ref> A ranar 25 ga Oktoba, ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar a wasan da suka doke Bihor Oradea da ci 4-0 a waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2015 |title=FOTBAL. FC Bihor a pierdut cu 0–4 meciul cu UTA, dar jucătorii orădeni au fost aplaudaţi de suporteri |trans-title=FOOTBALL. FC Bihor lost 0–4 against UTA, but the Oradea players were acclaimed by fans |url=http://www.digi24.ro/regional/digi24-oradea/fotbal-fc-bihor-a-pierdut-cu-0-4-meciul-cu-uta-dar-jucatorii-oradeni-au-fost-aplaudati-de-suporteri-451155?__grsc=cookieIsUndef0&__grts=50063040&__grua=59c6e64c5bda4eebadb7236a9f42a5cd&__grrn=1 |access-date=27 October 2017 |publisher=[[Digi24]] |language=ro}}</ref> === FCSB === A ranar 6 ga Satumba 2016, FC Steaua București ta canja wurin Man akan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba, inda ɗan wasan ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya tare da zaɓin wasu shekaru biyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 September 2016 |title=Dennis Man, transferat la Steaua București |trans-title=Dennis Man, transferred to Steaua București |url=http://www.uta-arad.ro/stiri/dennis-man-transferat-la-steaua-bucuresti/3333 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143729/http://www.uta-arad.ro/stiri/dennis-man-transferat-la-steaua-bucuresti/3333 |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=7 September 2016 |publisher=UTA Arad |language=ro}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 September 2016 |title=Bine ai venit, Dennis Man! |trans-title=Welcome, Dennis Man! |url=http://www.steauafc.com/ro/articol/transfer_dennisman/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726194320/http://www.steauafc.com/ro/articol/transfer_dennisman/ |archive-date=26 July 2019 |access-date=27 October 2017 |publisher=Steaua București |language=ro}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 September 2016 |title=Dennis Man a semnat cu Steaua un contract pe un an, cu prelungire automată. |trans-title=Dennis Man signed a one-year contract with Steaua, with the option of extension |url=https://www.dolce-sport.ro/fotbal/fotbal-intern/update-dennis-man-semnat-cu.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807235346/https://www.dolce-sport.ro/fotbal/fotbal-intern/update-dennis-man-semnat-cu.html |archive-date=7 August 2017 |access-date=9 July 2017 |publisher=[[Telekom Sport|DolceSport]] |language=ro}}</ref> Man ya fara buga wa ''Roș-albaștrii'' wasa a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 2016 a wasan da suka yi da Universitatea Craiova, inda ya maye gurbin Florin Tănase da ya ji rauni a rabin farko na wasan; shi da kansa an maye gurbinsa a minti na 66 da Ovidiu Popescu, yayin da tawagarsa ta yi nasara da ci 2-1. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 October 2016 |title=Ce a fost asta? Reghecampf, decizie BIZARĂ în privința lui Dennis Man. Cum a răspuns Mulțescu |trans-title=What was that? Reghecampf, odd decision regarding Dennis Man. How Mulțescu responded |url=http://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/liga-1/ce-a-fost-asta-reghecampf-decizie-bizara-in-privinta-lui-dennis-man-cum-a-raspuns-multescu-490175.html |access-date=27 October 2017 |language=ro}}</ref> Daga baya a wannan watan ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a Steaua—da kuma Liga I —a wasan da suka doke Politehnica Iași da ci 2-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 October 2016 |title=Dennis Man a "spart gheața"! Primul gol la Steaua e și primul pe care-l marchează în Liga 1 |trans-title=Denis Man "broke the ice"! His first goal at Steaua is also the first in Liga 1 |url=http://www.digisport.ro/Sport/FOTBAL/Competitii/Liga+1/VIDEO-Dennis-Man-a-spart-gheata-Primul-gol-la-Steaua-si-Liga-1 |access-date=27 October 2017 |publisher=DigiSport |language=ro}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Yuli 2017, Man ya zira kwallo mai nasara a lokacin rauni a wasan da suka yi da Voluntari a wasan farko na kamfen . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2017 |title=FCSB – FC Voluntari 2–1 |url=http://www.digisport.ro/Sport/FOTBAL/Competitii/Liga+1/live-text/live-video-FCSB+-+FC+Voluntari-21-00-Digi+Sport+1-Dica-mizeaza |access-date=27 October 2017 |publisher=DigiSport |language=ro}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasansa na farko [[UEFA|a Turai]] a [[UEFA Champions League|gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta UEFA]] a zagaye na uku na neman gurbin shiga gasar da ci 4-1 a waje da Viktoria Plzeň, a ranar 2 ga Agusta. A ranar 25 ga Oktoba, ya bayar da gudummawa da kwallaye biyu da kuma taimakawa wajen zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Sănătatea Cluj da ci 6-1 a gasar Cupa României, <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2017 |title=Sănătatea Cluj – FCSB 1–6. Calificare fără emoţii pentru roş-albaştri, care au avut patru debutanţi. Man, omul meciului |trans-title=Sănătatea Cluj – FCSB 1–6. Easy qualification for the red-and-blue, who had four newcomers. Man, man of the match |url=http://www.digisport.ro/Sport/FOTBAL/Competitii/Cupa+Romaniei/Sanatatea+Cluj+-+FCSB+ora+20+30+Dica+mizeaza+pe+o+formula+experi |access-date=27 October 2017 |publisher=DigiSport |language=ro}}</ref> kuma a ranar 17 ga Disamba ne ya fara zura kwallaye a wasan da suka yi nasara da ci 2-0 a kan zakarun da ke kare Viitorul Constanța . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2017 |title=FCSB a învins FC Viitorul, scor 2-0, în Liga 1 |trans-title=FCSB defeated FC Viitorul, score 2–0, in the Liga 1 |url=http://www.mediafax.ro/sport/fcsb-a-invins-fc-viitorul-scor-2-0-in-liga-1-16869243 |access-date=18 December 2017 |publisher=[[Mediafax]] |language=ro}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2018, ''UEFA.com'' ta saka Man a cikin jerin 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa 50 mafi kyau da za a kalla a wannan shekarar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2018 |title=50 for the future: UEFA.com's ones to watch for 2018 |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0252-0cda3ac84c49-97fa0ffd6cd1-1000--50-for-the-future-uefa-com-s-ones-to-watch-for-2018-19/ |access-date=3 February 2018 |publisher=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> A ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, ya zura kwallo ta farko a cikin tawagarsa a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Dinamo București bayan ya buga wasa a hutun rabin lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2018 |title=Dinamo - FCSB 2-2: Puşi cu botul pe labe de Teixeira! Derby fabulos cu un final fantastic pe "Arena Naţională" |trans-title=Dinamo - FCSB 2-2: Teixeira knocks them down! Fabulous derby with a fantastic finish on the "National Arena" |url=http://adevarul.ro/news/sport/dinamo-fcsb-2-2-pusi-botul-labe-teixeira-derby-fabulos-final-fantastic-arena-nationala-1_5a89e44edf52022f75b32bc4/index.html |access-date=19 February 2018 |language=ro}}</ref> A watan Yuli, an zabi Man tare da dan kasarsa Ianis Hagi domin lashe kyautar Golden Boy ta 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2018 |title=FOTO Doi români pe lista celor 100 de candidați pentru trofeul Golden Boy 2018 » Ianis Hagi: "Avem o generație tare, care vine puternic din spate" » Marele favorit face senzație la Mondiale |trans-title=PHOTO Two Romanians on the list of 100 candidates for the 2018 Golden Boy trophy » Ianis Hagi: "We have a strong generation, that is pushing hard" » The big favourite to is making a splash at the World Cup |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/liga-1/foto-doi-romani-pe-lista-celor-100-de-candidati-pentru-trofeul-golden-boy-2018-ianis-hagi-avem-o-generatie-tare-care-vine-puternic-din-spate-marele-favorit-face-senzatie-la-mondiale-543133.html |access-date=15 July 2018 |language=ro}}</ref> A ranar 25 ga wannan watan, ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a Turai a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar Europa League da suka doke Rudar Velenje da ci 2-0 a waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2018 |title=Rudar – FCSB 0-2. Calificarea e o formalitate pentru roş-albaştri. Man şi Teixeira au marcat. Tănase, cu ratările |trans-title=Rudar – FCSB 0-2. The qualification is a formality for the ''Roș-albaștrii''. Man and Teixeira scored. Tănase, with the misses |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/europa-league/video-rudar-fcsb-europa-league-1830-490072 |access-date=3 August 2018 |publisher=Digi Sport |language=ro}}</ref> Man ya lashe kofinsa na farko a rayuwarsa a ranar 22 ga Yulin 2020, bayan ya zura kwallo daya tilo a wasan karshe na Cupa României da suka fafata da Sepsi OSK . <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2020 |title=Dennis Man aduce Cupa României în București! Finala a fost decisă de o gafă uriașă! |trans-title=Dennis Man brings the Romanian Cup to Bucharest! The final was decided by a huge blunder! |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/cupa-romaniei/live-video-sepsi-fcsb-ora-2000-pe-digi-sport-1-finala-cupei-romaniei-debutul-lui-toni-petrea-pe-banca-ros-albastrilor-875687 |access-date=25 July 2020 |publisher=Digi Sport |language=ro}}</ref> A ranar 17 ga Satumba a wannan shekarar, ya zura kwallaye uku a wasan share fage na biyu na gasar Europa League da kungiyar TSC Bačka Topola ta Serbia. Wasan ya ƙare da ci 6-6 bayan ƙarin lokaci, kuma Man ya ci bugun fenariti mai nasara a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 September 2020 |title=Backa Topola - FCSB. Cum a reacționat presa din Serbia după o nebunie de meci |trans-title=Bačka Topola - FCSB. How did Serbian press react after a crazy match |url=https://www.eurosport.ro/fotbal/europa-league/2019-2020/backa-topola-fcsb.-cum-a-reactionat-presa-din-serbia-dupa-o-nebunie-de-meci_sto7892696/story.shtml |access-date=30 September 2017 |publisher=[[Eurosport|Eurosport România]] |language=ro}}</ref> Kwana uku bayan haka, a wasansa na 100 a gasar La Liga, ya sake zura kwallaye uku a wasan da suka doke Argeș Pitești da ci 3-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2020 |title=Dennis Man, pe modul Terminator. Ce a spus vedeta FCSB-ului după ce a marcat 6 goluri în 4 zile |trans-title=Dennis Man, on Terminator mode. What did the FCSB star said after scoring 6 goals in 4 days |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/liga-1/dennis-man-pe-modul-terminator-ce-a-spus-vedeta-fcsb-ului-dupa-ce-a-marcat-6-goluri-in-7-zile-912151 |publisher=DigiSport |language=ro}}</ref> Man ya zura kwallon farko kuma ya ƙi yin biki a wasan da suka doke tsohuwar ƙungiyar UTA Arad da ci 3-0 a gida a ranar 5 ga Disamba 2020, wanda ya kai jimillar kwallayensa zuwa goma. Bayan wasanni biyu a ranar 18 ga wata, ya zura kwallaye biyu a raga a wasan da suka yi nasara a kan Universitatea Craiova da ci 2-0 a waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 December 2020 |title=U Craiova - FCSB 0-2. Dubla lui Man a adus toate punctele echipei roş-albastre! Olaru a lovit bara, Coman a ratat incredibil |trans-title=U Craiova - FCSB 0-2. Man's double brought all the points for "the Red and Blues"! Olaru hit the post, Coman missed an incredible chance to score |url=https://www.telekomsport.ro/universitatea-craiova-fcsb-live-video-astazi-de-la-ora-20-30-in-direct-la-telekom-sport-1-19737214 |access-date=24 December 2020 |publisher=[[Telekom TV|TelekomSport]] |language=ro}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba, jaridar ''Gazeta Sporturilor'' ta bayyana shi a matsayin wanda ya lashe kyautar gwarzon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Romania ta 2020. <ref name="RFY_2020">{{Cite web |date=22 December 2020 |title=GALA GSP 2020. Dennis Man - "Fotbalistul anului" în Ancheta Gazetei Sporturilor: "Știu că acest premiu vine cu obligații, sunt conștient" |trans-title=GSP GALA 2020. Dennis Man – Footballer of the Year in the ''Gazeta Sporturilor'' superlatives: "I know this prize comes with responsibilities, I am aware of that" |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/liga-1/gala-gsp-2020-dennis-man-fotbalistul-anului-in-ancheta-gazetei-sporturilor-stiu-ca-acest-premiu-vine-cu-obligatii-sunt-constient-619241.html |access-date=22 December 2020 |language=ro}}</ref> === Parma === A ranar 26 ga Janairu 2021, mamallakin FCSB Gigi Becali ya sanar da cewa kulob din [[Parma Calcio 1913|Parma]] [[Serie A|na Serie A]] ya gabatar da tayin sayen Man, wanda darajarsa ta kai Yuro miliyan 11 tare da ƙarin Yuro miliyan 2; ya karɓi tayin washegari. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 January 2021 |title=EXCLUSIV Anunț de ultimă oră în Italia: "Parma l-a luat pe Man" » Gigi Becali: "Duceți-vă duminică în Italia să-l vedeți!" |trans-title=EXCLUSIVE Breaking news from Italy: "Parma brought Man" » Gigi Becali: "Go to Italy on Sunday to see him!" |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/liga-1/fcsb-gigi-becali-misterios-dupa-ce-transferul-lui-man-la-parma-e-aproape-facut-622145.html |access-date=27 January 2021 |language=Romanian}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2021 |title=Gigi Becali i-a scăzut drastic lui Dennis Man clauza de eliberare înainte să-l vândă la Parma |trans-title=Gigi Becali drastically reduced Dennis Man's release clause before selling him to Parma |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/liga-1/gigi-becali-i-a-scazut-drastic-lui-dennis-man-clauza-de-eliberare-inainte-sa-l-vanda-la-parma-994961 |publisher=Digi Sport |language=Romanian}}</ref> Parma ta amince da ɗaukar matakin a ranar 29 ga wata, bayan da Man ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru huɗu da rabi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2021 |title=Dennis Man joins Parma |url=https://parmacalcio1913.com/2021/01/29/dennis-man-joins-parma/?lang=en&fbclid=IwAR2qLpT8T7FzzNaMSlHfirCTkmS2hiz29l2bVJ0bEJJq9je5yICWeBE347E |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125141811/https://parmacalcio1913.com/2021/01/29/dennis-man-joins-parma/?lang=en&fbclid=IwAR2qLpT8T7FzzNaMSlHfirCTkmS2hiz29l2bVJ0bEJJq9je5yICWeBE347E |archive-date=25 November 2022 |access-date=29 January 2021 |publisher=Parma Calcio 1913}}</ref> Kudin canja wurin ya sanya shi ya zama mafi tsada a cinikin gasar cin kofin Romania, kamar yadda shafin yanar gizon FCSB ya bayyana, <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2021 |title=Mulțumim, Dennis Man! |trans-title=Thank you, Dennis Man! |url=https://www.fcsb.ro/ro/stiri/stire-mulumim-dennis-man/ |access-date=30 January 2021 |publisher=FCSB |language=Romanian |quote=Dennis Man is one of our team's most important players and became, once moving to Parma Calcio 1913, the player sold for the largest fee in the history of Liga 1.}}</ref> ya zarce cinikin tsohon mai rike da kambun Nicolae Stanciu na Yuro miliyan 9.8 daga 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ioanițoaia |first=Ovidiu |date=29 January 2021 |title=Afacerea Dennis Man |trans-title=The Dennis Man deal |url=https://blogsport.gsp.ro/ioanitoaia/2021/01/29/afacerea-dennis-man/ |access-date=30 January 2021 |language=ro}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 January 2021 |title=Dennis Man la Parma, cel mai scump transfer din istoria Ligii 1 » Spulberă recordul actual! |trans-title=Dennis Man to Parma, the most expensive transfer in Liga 1 history » It crushes the actual record! |url=https://www.gsp.ro/fotbal/liga-1/dennis-man-la-parma-cel-mai-scump-transfer-din-istoria-ligii-1-cum-arata-topul-622150.html |access-date=29 January 2021 |language=Romanian}}</ref> Man ya fara buga wa Parma wasa a ranar 31 ga Janairun 2021, bayan ya yi wasa a minti na 80 bayan rashin nasara 2-0 a hannun Napoli a gasar Serie A a Stadio San Paolo . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2021 |title=Denis Man, debut la Parma in Serie A. Cum a evoluat fotbalistul roman |trans-title=Dennis Man, debut for Parma in the Serie A. How did the Romanian footballer play |url=https://ziare.com/fotbal/jucatori/denis-man-a-jucat-primele-minute-pentru-parma-1659732 |access-date=4 February 2021 |publisher=Ziare.ro |language=Romanian}}</ref> A matsayin wanda ya maye gurbinsa a wasanni biyar na farko, manaja Roberto D'Aversa ne ya ba shi damar fara wasa a karon farko a wasan da [[Inter Milan]] ta sha kashi a gida da ci 2-1 a ranar 4 ga Maris. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 March 2021 |title=Dennis Man, făcut KO în Parma - Inter! Mihăilă l-a schimbat la pauză |trans-title=Dennis Man, knocked out in Parma - Inter! Mihăilă replaced him at the break |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/serie-a/dennis-man-facut-ko-in-parma-inter-mihaila-l-a-schimbat-la-pauza-1019170 |access-date=5 March 2021 |publisher=Digi Sport |language=Romanian}}</ref> Bayan kwana goma, ya taimaka wa Valentin Mihăilă ya zura kwallon farko a wasan da suka doke Roma da ci 2-0. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2021 |title=Finalmente! Il Parma c'è: è vivo per la corsa salvezza, 2-0 alla Roma. Hernani: "Eravamo convinti di farcela: ci crediamo" |trans-title=Finally! Parma is there: it is alive and in the race to save itself, 2–0 over Roma. Hernani: "We were convinced we could do it: we believe in it" |url=https://www.gazzettadiparma.it/il-parma/2021/03/14/news/d_aversa_ha_scelto_pelle_in_campo_dall_inizio_contro_la_roma_al_suo_fianco_miahila_e_man-5403515/ |access-date=16 March 2021 |language=Italian}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Afrilu, Man ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a gasar Serie A a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Benevento . <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2021 |title=Serie A, Benevento-Parma 2-2, le pagelle: gioiello Man, flop Gervinho, eterno Glik |trans-title=Serie A, Benevento-Parma 2–2, the results: jewel Man, flop Gervinho, eternal Glik |url=https://www.eurosport.it/calcio/serie-a/2020-2021/serie-a-benevento-parma-2-2-le-pagelle-gioiello-man-flop-gervinho-eterno-glik_sto8204056/story.shtml |access-date=23 April 2021 |publisher=[[Eurosport|Eurosport Italia]] |language=Italian}}</ref> Raunin da ya ji ya kawo ƙarshen kakarsa a Parma da kwallaye biyu a wasanni 14, yayin da ƙungiyar ta koma gasar Serie B. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 May 2021 |title=Parma, retrogradată matematic în Serie B! Veste grea pentru Dennis Man și Valentin Mihăilă |trans-title=Parma, mathematically relegated to Serie B! Difficult news for Dennis Man and Valentin Mihăilă |url=https://www.eurosport.ro/fotbal/serie-a/2019-2020/parma-retrogradata-matematic-in-serie-b-veste-grea-pentru-dennis-man-si-valentin-mihaila_sto8303226/story.shtml |access-date=26 October 2021 |publisher=Eurosport România |language=ro}}</ref> Man ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a kakar wasa ta 2021–22 a ranar 20 ga Agusta, a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 2-2 da Frosinone . <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 August 2021 |title=Dennis Man, gol în Frosinone - Parma! Oaspeții au comis-o imediat după înlocuirea românului |trans-title=Dennis Man, goal in Frosinone - Parma! The hosts took a blow right after the Romanian was subbed off |url=https://www.gsp.ro/international/stranieri/frosinone-parma-serie-b-dennis-man-639902.html |access-date=16 March 2022 |language=ro}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga Maris 2022, ya sanya rigar kyaftin a karon farko a wasan da suka doke Vicenza da ci 1-0, domin [[Gianluigi Buffon]] da Franco Vázquez ba su samu damar buga wasan ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2022 |title=Dennis Man, căpitan în premieră la Parma! Ce notă a primit românul după victoria cu Vicenza. "Cu banderola pare mai motivat! Se sacrifică foarte mult!" |trans-title=Dennis Man, captain for the first time at Parma! What mark did the Romanian receive after the victory against Vicenza. "He looks more motivated with the armband! He sacrifices a lot!" |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-extern/dennis-man-capitan-la-parma-in-meciul-cu-vicenza-19427028 |access-date=16 March 2022 |publisher=ProSport |language=ro}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2023–24, Man ita ce mafi yawan kwallaye a ƙungiyar da kwallaye 13 a dukkan gasannin da ta fafata, yayin da Parma ta lashe gasar Serie B ta farko kuma ta koma saman teburi bayan shekaru uku da ta yi rashin nasara. A ranar 17 ga Agusta 2024, a wasan farko na kakar wasa ta Serie A, Man ya zura kwallo a wasan da suka tashi kunnen doki 1-1 da Fiorentina a gida. Mako guda bayan haka, ya sake zura kwallo a wasan da suka doke [[AC Milan]] da ci 2-1 a waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2024 |title=Dennis Man a marcat în poarta lui AC Milan: Al doilea gol în două meciuri din Serie A |trans-title=Dennis Man scored in AC Milan's net: His second goal in two Serie A games |url=https://spotmedia.ro/stiri/sport/dennis-man-a-marcat-in-poarta-lui-ac-milan-al-doilea-gol-in-doua-meciuri-din-serie-a |access-date=19 September 2024 |publisher=SpotMedia.ro |language=ro}}</ref> Man ya ci kwallaye biyu kafin ƙarshen shekarar kalanda kuma an naɗa shi ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Romania na ''Gazeta Sporturilor'' a karo na biyu a rayuwarsa. <ref name="RFY_2024">{{Cite web |date=18 December 2024 |title=Dennis Man, "Fotbalistul Anului 2024", interviu exclusiv: "Le dau impresia oamenilor că sunt arogant, dar nu este deloc așa" |trans-title=Dennis Man, "Footballer of the Year 2024", exclusive interview: "I give people the impression that I'm arrogant, but I'm not at all" |url=https://www.gsp.ro/gsp-special/ideile-gazetei/dennis-man-fotbalistul-anului-2024-768611.html |access-date=13 August 2025 |publisher=Gazeta Sporturilor |language=ro}}</ref> Duk da haka, duk da nadin [[Cristian Chivu]] na ɗan ƙasarsa a watan Fabrairun 2025 a matsayin babban koci, ƙarfinsa ya ragu a ƙarshen rabin kakar wasa, inda ya kasa sake zura kwallo yayin da Parma ta kare a matsayi na 16. === PSV === A ranar 12 ga Agusta 2025, Man ya koma ƙungiyar [[PSV Eindhoven|PSV]] mai kare kambun Holland ta hanyar sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 August 2025 |title=PSV presenteert vleugelaanvaller Dennis Man in Philips Stadion |trans-title=PSV presents winger Dennis Man at the Philips Stadium |url=https://www.psv.nl/media/artikel/transfer-psv-presenteert-vleugelaanvaller-dennis-man-in-philips-stadion |access-date=12 August 2025 |publisher=PSV Eindhoven |language=nl}}</ref> An ruwaito cewa kudin canja wurin ya kasance tsakanin €7.5 miliyan zuwa €9 miliyan, ya danganta da kari. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 August 2025 |title=Dennis Man, transferat la PSV Eindhoven! Primele imagini cu românul în tricoul campioanei Olandei |trans-title=Dennis Man transferred to PSV Eindhoven! First images of the Romanian in the Dutch champions’ shirt |url=https://www.gsp.ro/international/campionate/dennis-man-roman-psv-eindhoven-gica-popescu-ovidiu-stinga-828579.html |access-date=12 August 2025 |publisher=Gazeta Sporturilor |language=ro}}</ref> Man ya fara buga wasa a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta, inda ya fara da nasarar da Eredivisie ta samu a kan Groningen da ci 4-2, sannan aka sauya shi a hutun rabin lokaci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2025 |title=Dennis Man a rezistat doar 45 de minute! Ce notă a luat după ce a fost schimbat la pauză, iar înlocuitorul său a marcat pentru PSV la prima fază |trans-title=Dennis Man only lasted 45 minutes! What rating he received after being substituted at half-time, and his replacement scored for PSV on his first touch |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-extern/stranieri/dennis-man-a-rezistat-doar-45-de-minute-ce-nota-a-luat-dupa-ce-a-fost-schimbat-la-pauza-iar-inlocuitorul-sau-a-marcat-pentru-psv-la-prima-faza-20254151 |access-date=24 August 2025 |publisher=ProSport |language=ro}}</ref> Man ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a PSV kuma ya taimaka aka ci kwallo a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 2025, a wasan da suka yi da [[PEC Zwolle]] da ci 4-0 a waje. A ranar 21 ga Oktoba, ya zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Napoli da ci 6-2 a gida a gasar zakarun Turai, wanda hakan ya zama kwallayensa na farko a gasar kuma ya lashe kyautar Dan Wasan da ya fi kowa zura kwallo a wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2025 |title=PSV 6–2 Napoli |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/cwy757jgz9vt |access-date=22 October 2025 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta farko da ya yi a Netherlands, Man ya buga wasanni 35 a gasa, inda ya zura kwallaye 11 sannan ya taimaka wajen taimakawa kungiyar wajen kare kambunta na Eredivisie. == Aikin ƙasa da ƙasa == An zaɓi Man a ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 ta ƙasar Romania kuma ya zira kwallaye a wasan farko da suka yi nasara a kan Bosnia da Herzegovina da ci 3-1 a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 September 2017 |title=Tricolorii mici s-au impus în Bosnia |trans-title=The Little Tricolours won in Bosnia |url=http://www.cvlpress.ro/02.09.2017/tricolorii-mici-s-au-impus-in-bosnia/ |access-date=28 October 2017 |publisher=CVL Press |language=ro}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2018, babban manaja Cosmin Contra ya kira shi a karon farko a Romania don buga wasannin sada zumunta da Isra'ila da Sweden a wannan watan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 March 2018 |title=27 de jucători convocați pentru "dubla" cu Israel și Suedia |trans-title=27 players called-up for the "double" with Israel and Sweden |url=http://frf.ro/masculin/echipa-nationala/27-de-jucatori-convocati-pentru-dubla-cu-israel-si-suedia-id23737.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317102224/http://frf.ro/masculin/echipa-nationala/27-de-jucatori-convocati-pentru-dubla-cu-israel-si-suedia-id23737.html |archive-date=17 March 2018 |access-date=17 March 2018 |publisher=[[Romanian Football Federation]] |language=ro}}</ref> Man ya fara buga wasa a wasan na ƙarshe, inda ya maye gurbin Nicolae Stanciu a minti na 87 na nasarar 1-0 a Stadionul Ion Oblemenco da ke Craiova . <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2018 |title=Man a debutat pentru naţională: "Nu mi-au tremurat genunchii, d-asta m-am apucat de fotbal!" |trans-title=Man made his debut for the national team: "My knees did not shake, that's why I started playing football!" |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/echipa-nationala/man-a-debutat-pentru-nationala-nu-mi-au-tremurat-genunchii-d-asta-m-am-apucat-de-fotbal-417675 |access-date=28 March 2018 |publisher=Digi Sport |language=ro}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Yuni 2019, Man ya zura kwallonsa ta farko a babban wasan kasa da kasa a wasan da suka doke Malta da ci 4-0 a gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Turai ta 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 June 2019 |title=Dennis Man a închis conturile în Malta, cu primul său gol în tricoul primei reprezentative "tricolore" |trans-title=Man closed the deal in Malta, with his first goal in the "tricolour" shirt |url=http://www.sportarad.ro/2019/06/11/dennis-man-a-inchis-conturile-in-malta-cu-primul-sau-gol-in-tricoul-primei-reprezentative-tricolore/ |access-date=19 June 2019 |publisher=Sport Arad |language=ro}}</ref> Daga baya a wannan watan, ya shiga ƙungiyar 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21 don gasar cin kofin Turai ta 2019, inda ya buga wasanni uku yayin da Jamus ta fitar da Romania a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe . A shekarar 2023, Man ta samu jimillar wasanni hudu da kwallo daya yayin da Romania ta jagoranci rukuninta a wasannin neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Turai ta 2024, inda ta rasa wasanni da dama sakamakon rauni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 November 2023 |title=VICTORIE cu Elveția și mergem la EURO 2024 de pe primul loc în grupă! |trans-title=WIN against Switzerland and we go to EURO 2024 from first place in the group! |url=https://www.frf.ro/nationale/masculin/echipa-nationala/liveblog-peluza-tricolora-start-spre-meciurile-ce-ne-pot-aduce-calificarea-la-euro/ |access-date=25 December 2023 |publisher=Romanian Football Federation |language=ro}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Yuni 2024, Edward Iordănescu ya zaɓe shi a cikin tawagar da za ta fafata a gasar ƙarshe . <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=Lotul României pentru EURO 2024 |trans-title=Romania's squad for EURO 2024 |url=https://www.frf.ro/nationale/masculin/echipa-nationala/lotul-romaniei-pentru-euro-2024/ |access-date=4 July 2024 |publisher=Romanian Football Federation |language=ro}}</ref> Kwanaki goma bayan haka, Man ya bayar da taimako biyu a wasan da suka doke Ukraine da ci 3-0, wanda hakan ya zama nasararsu ta farko a gasar cikin shekaru 24. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matar |first=Daniella |date=17 June 2024 |title=Romania earns first Euros win in 24 years while Ukraine apologizes for 3-0 loss |url=https://apnews.com/article/romania-ukraine-euro-2024-914f7370473c4f9cc0692aafa65070dc |publisher=AP News}}</ref> Daga nan ya fara wasan a rashin nasara da Belgium ta yi da ci 0-2, kuma ya shigo a minti na 66 ga Ianis Hagi a wasan da suka tashi 1-1 da Slovakia, wanda hakan ya tabbatar wa Romania nasarar rukunin . A ranar 2 ga Yuli, ya buga cikakken wasan yayin da suka sha kashi 0-3 a hannun Netherlands a zagaye na 16. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2024 |title=Romania 0–3 Netherlands: Donyell Malen and Cody Gakpo score as Dutch reach quarters |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/live/c7204xy3zg1t |access-date=8 July 2024 |publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref> == Salon wasan == A farkon lokacinsa a UTA Arad, Man ya fara buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba na tsakiya, amma ya girma ya zama ɗan wasan gefe na dama bayan ya koma FCSB. Duk da haka an san shi da iya wasa, domin yana iya buga kusan kowane matsayi na kai hari idan ana buƙata, <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 December 2017 |title="Dennis Man?… În rest, e un fotbalist complet". Cuvintele frumoase spuse de selecționerul care-l cunoaște perfect pe jucătorul de la FCSB |trans-title="Dennis Man...? Apart from that, he is a complete footballer." The kind words said by the national team coach that knows the FCSB player the best |url=https://www.prosport.ro/fotbal-intern/liga-1/exclusiv-dennis-man-in-rest-e-un-fotbalist-complet-cuvintele-frumoase-spuse-de-selectionerul-care-l-cunoaste-perfect-pe-jucatorul-de-la-fcsb-16912266#live_close |access-date=25 December 2020 |publisher=ProSport |language=ro |quote=...he can play in the central area, behind the forward, he can even play as a lone striker like he did at UTA, he can play in the right wing, the left wing.}}</ref> <ref name="Rădoi">{{Cite web |date=19 December 2018 |title=Rădoi a găsit cel mai complet jucător din Liga 1. Are sau nu FCSB identitate şi care e marea problemă a roş-albaştrilor? |trans-title=Rădoi named the most complete player in the Liga 1. Does FCSB have an identity and which is the main issue of the Red-Blues? |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/liga-1/radoi-a-gasit-cel-mai-complet-jucator-din-liga-1-are-sau-nu-fcsb-identitate-si-care-e-marea-problema-a-ros-albastrilor-579199 |access-date=25 December 2020 |publisher=[[Digi Sport (Romania)|DigiSport]] |language=ro}}</ref> wani hali da kocinsa na Parma Giuseppe Iachini ya ƙarfafa shi ya ci gaba da wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2022 |title="Am vorbit mai mult cu el decât cu fiul meu". Giuseppe Iachini a spus cum l-a făcut pe Dennis Man să "renască" la Parma |trans-title="I've spoken to him more than I did with my son." Giuseppe Iachini revealed how he made Dennis Man "be reborn" at Parma |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/fotbal-international/am-vorbit-mai-mult-cu-el-decat-cu-fiul-meu-giuseppe-iachini-a-spus-cum-l-a-facut-pe-dennis-man-sa-renasca-la-parma-1579545 |access-date=18 March 2022 |publisher=Digi Sport |language=ro}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2018, Mirel Rădoi, kocin tawagarsa ta ƙasa 'yan ƙasa da shekara 21, ya yaba wa Man a matsayin "ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa mafi cika" a tsakanin matasa 'yan wasa a manyan gasa na Romania, yana mai ambaton " ƙwarewarsa ta fasaha, saurinsa, ƙarfinsa na zahiri, ƙarfin aikinsa, da ƙarfin tunaninsa " a matsayin halaye da ke kusantar da shi ga "cikakkiyar fakitin". <ref name="Rădoi" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Mahaifin Man, Cristian, kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma tsohon ɗan wasa a ƙungiyar Divizia B. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2015 |title=Cristi Man, tatăl lui Dennis: "Doar Roli Nagy e de vină!" |trans-title=Cristi Man, the father of Dennis: „It's only Roli Nagy's fault!” |url=http://specialarad.ro/cristi-man-tatal-lui-dennis-doar-roli-nagy-e-de-vina/ |access-date=27 October 2017 |publisher=Special Arad |language=ro}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 June 2019 |title=Ianis Hagi și Dennis Man, incluși pe o listă selectă la Campionatul European de tineret |trans-title=Ianis Hagi și Dennis Man, included in an exclusivist list at the youth European Championship |url=https://www.digisport.ro/fotbal/euro-2019/euro-2019-ianis-hagi-si-dennis-man-inclusi-pe-o-lista-selecta-la-campionatul-european-de-tineret-676375 |access-date=19 June 2019 |publisher=DigiSport |quote=Cristian Man played at Divizia B (currently Liga II) level.}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aiki == === Kulob === {{Updated|match played 23 August 2026}}<ref name=SW>{{Soccerway|dennis-man/417578|accessdate=20 May 2017}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |National cup{{Efn|Includes [[Cupa României]], [[Coppa Italia]], [[KNVB Beker]]}} ! colspan="2" |League cup{{Efn|Includes [[Cupa Ligii]]}} ! colspan="2" |Europe ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="3" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |UTA Arad |2015–16 |Liga II |29 |10 |3 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[Liga I]] promotion/relegation play-offs}} |0 |34 |11 |- |2016–17 |Liga II |5 |5 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |5 |5 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !34 !15 !3 !1 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !2 !0 !39 !16 |- | rowspan="6" |FCSB |2016–17 |Liga I |6 |1 |1 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |9 |1 |- |2017–18 |Liga I |34 |10 |3 |2 | colspan="2" |— |10{{Efn|Two appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]], eight appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}} |0 | colspan="2" |— |47 |12 |- |2018–19 |Liga I |33 |9 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |5{{Efn|Appearances in UEFA Europa League}} |1 | colspan="2" |— |39 |10 |- |2019–20 |Liga I |23 |7 |5 |2 | colspan="2" |— |3[e] |0 | colspan="2" |— |31 |9 |- |2020–21 |Liga I |18 |14 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |2[e] |3 | colspan="2" |— |20 |17 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !114 !41 !10 !4 !2 !0 !20 !4 !0 !0 !146 !49 |- | rowspan="6" |[[Parma Calcio 1913|Parma]] |2020–21 |[[Serie A]] |14 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |14 |2 |- |2021–22 |Serie B |26 |3 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |27 |3 |- |2022–23 |Serie B |28 |6 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |2{{Efn|Appearances in Serie A promotion play-offs}} |0 |32 |6 |- |2023–24 |Serie B |32 |11 |3 |2 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |35 |13 |- |2024–25 |Serie A |33 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |34 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !133 !26 !7 !2 ! colspan="2" |— ! colspan="2" |— !2 !0 !142 !28 |- | rowspan="3" |[[PSV Eindhoven|PSV]] |2025–26 |Eredivisie |25 |7 |2 |2 | colspan="2" |— |8{{Efn|Appearances in UEFA Champions League}} |2 | colspan="2" |— |35 |11 |- |[[2026–27 PSV Eindhoven season|2026–27]] |Eredivisie |3 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[Johan Cruyff Shield]]}} |0 |4 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !28 !7 !2 !2 ! colspan="2" |— !8 !2 !1 !0 !39 !11 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !309 !89 !22 !9 !2 !0 !28 !6 !5 !0 !366 !104 |} {{Notelist}} === Na Ƙasa da Ƙasa === {{Updated|match played 31 March 2026}}<ref name=EU>{{cite web|url=https://eu-football.info/_player.php?id=30261|title=Dennis Man|website=EU-Football.info|access-date=27 March 2018}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bayyanar da kwallayen da ƙungiyar ƙasa ta samu da kuma shekarar da ta gabata ! Tawagar ƙasa ! Shekara ! Manhajoji ! Ƙwallaye |- | rowspan="9" | Romania | 2018 | 2 | 0 |- | 2019 | 2 | 1 |- | 2020 | 2 | 0 |- | 2021 | 7 | 2 |- | 2022 | 3 | 2 |- | 2023 | 4 | 1 |- | 2024 | 13 | 3 |- | 2025 | 10 | 2 |- | 2026 | 2 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimilla ! 45 ! 11 |} : ''Sakamakon maki da sakamako sun nuna jimillar kwallayen Romania da farko, ginshiƙin maki yana nuna jimillar kwallaye bayan kowace ƙwallo ta ɗan wasa'' . {| class="wikitable sortable" |+List of international goals scored by Dennis Man ! scope="col" |No. ! data-sort-type="date" scope="col" |Date ! scope="col" |Venue ! scope="col" |Opponent ! scope="col" |Score ! scope="col" |Result ! scope="col" |Competition |- ! align="center" |1 |10 June 2019 |National Stadium, Ta' Qali, Malta |{{Fb|MLT}} | align="center" |4–0 | align="center" |4–0 |UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying |- ! align="center" |2 |2 September 2021 |Laugardalsvöllur, [[Reykjavik|Reykjavík]], Iceland |{{Fb|ISL}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |2–0 | rowspan="2" |2022 FIFA World Cup qualification |- ! align="center" |3 |14 November 2021 |Rheinpark Stadion, Vaduz, Liechtenstein |{{Fb|LIE}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |2–0 |- ! align="center" |4 |29 March 2022 |Netanya Stadium, Netanya, Israel |{{Fb|ISR}} | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |2–2 |Friendly |- ! align="center" |5 |26 September 2022 |Stadionul Rapid-Giulești, [[Bukarest|Bucharest]], Romania |{{Fb|BIH}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |4–1 |2022–23 UEFA Nations League B |- ! align="center" |6 |25 March 2023 |Estadi Nacional, [[Andorra la Vella]], Andorra |{{Fb|AND}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |2–0 |UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying |- ! align="center" |7 |22 March 2024 |Arena Națională, [[Bukarest|Bucharest]], Romania |{{Fb|NIR}} | align="center" |1–1 | align="center" |1–1 |Friendly |- ! align="center" |8 |6 September 2024 |Fadil Vokrri Stadium, Pristina, Kosovo |{{Fb|KOS}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |3–0 | rowspan="2" |2024–25 UEFA Nations League C |- ! align="center" |9 |12 October 2024 |AEK Arena – Georgios Karapatakis, [[Larnaca]], Cyprus | rowspan="2" |{{Fb|CYP}} | align="center" |1–0 | align="center" |3–0 |- ! align="center" |10 |10 June 2025 |Arena Națională, Bucharest, Romania | align="center" |2–0 | align="center" |2–0 | rowspan="2" |2026 FIFA World Cup qualification |- ! align="center" |11 |18 November 2025 |Ilie Oană, Ploiești, Romania |{{Fb|SMR}} | align="center" |3–1 | align="center" |7–1 |} == Daraja == '''FCSB''' * Kofin României : 2019–20 '''Parma''' * Serie B : 2023–24 '''PSV''' * Kammalawa : 2025–26 * Johan Cruyff Shield ya zo na biyu: 2026 * ''Gazeta Sporturilor'' Gwarzon Dan Kwallon Romania : 2020, <ref name="RFY_2020" /> 2024 <ref name="RFY_2024" /> * Ƙungiyar Gasar La Liga ta Ɗaya: 2018–19 <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 June 2019 |title=Echipa sezonului 2018/2019 |trans-title=Team of the season 2018/2019 |url=https://lpf.ro/noutati/echipa-sezonului-2018-2019/1105 |access-date=24 June 2019 |publisher=[[Liga Profesionistă de Fotbal|LPF.ro]] |language=Romanian}}</ref> * 'Yan wasan Eredivisie na Watan : Fabrairu 2026 == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Dennis Man at RomanianSoccer.ro (in Romanian) * {{NFT player|70935}} * {{UEFA player|250104534}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} i5eil65ocdgwvssdvr1qvp15j1anvwx 0 167869 961806 924484 2026-10-02T08:08:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Fernando Bengoechea''' (1965 - 26 ga Disamba 2004) ɗan ƙasar Argentina ne mai ɗaukar hoto, wanda aka fi sani da aikinsa na musamman a fannin zane, zane, da kuma ɗaukar hoto a cikin gida. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-10 |title=Designer Nate Berkus Honors Late Partner With a New York Exhibition |url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/nate-berkus-fernando-bengoechea-show-2582336 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Artnet News |language=en-US}}</ref> Hotunansa sun bayyana a cikin manyan mujallu kamar ''Elle Decor'', ''House & Garden'', da kuma ''Architectural Digest''. An kuma san shi da alaƙarsa da mai tsara kayan cikin gida na Amurka Nate Berkus . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nate Berkus Lost His Photographer Boyfriend in 2004 Tsunami and Is Now Curating a Show of His Work (Exclusive) |url=https://people.com/nate-berkus-on-keeping-his-late-boyfriend-s-photography-alive-after-2004-tsunami-exclusive-8752759 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=People.com |language=en}}</ref> Bengoechea ya mutu a lokacin [[Girgizar kasa da tsunami ta Tekun Indiya ta 2004|tsunami na Tekun Indiya na 2004]] yayin da yake hutu a [[Sri Lanka]] . == Tsunami da mutuwa a shekarar 2004 == A watan Disamba na 2004, Bengoechea yana hutu a Sri Lanka tare da abokin aikinsa, mai tsara kayan cikin gida Nate Berkus, lokacin da girgizar ƙasa da tsunami suka afku a Tekun Indiya. Ma'auratan suna zaune ne a wani wurin shakatawa na bakin teku da ke Arugam Bay lokacin da ambaliyar tsunami ta afku a safiyar ranar 26 ga Disamba. Berkus ya tsira ta hanyar manne da sandar waya, amma raƙuman ruwa sun tafi da Bengoechea. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chicago's Nate Berkus talks about the Asian tsunami (14690) |url=https://www.advocate.com/news/2004/12/28/chicagos-nate-berkus-talks-about-asian-tsunami-14690 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=www.advocate.com |language=en}}</ref> Gawarsa ba a taɓa samun sauƙi ba. Yana da shekaru 39. An yi ta yada labarin mutuwarsa a kafafen yada labarai na duniya saboda yanayin fasaharsa da kuma alaƙarsa da Berkus, wanda ya girmama shi a bainar jama'a a lokacin da ya fito daga kafafen yaɗa labarai da rubuce-rubuce. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gates |first=Kathleen |date=2023-10-08 |title=Woven Together: Honoring Photographer Fernando Bengoechea |url=https://themountainsmedia.com/2023/10/legacy-to-fernando-bengoechea-with-love/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Mountains |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251205113227/https://themountainsmedia.com/2023/10/legacy-to-fernando-bengoechea-with-love/ |archive-date=2025-12-05 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] bhq2s5ayvkutakeni9onffdzejf2tqs 0 168072 961527 925342 2026-10-01T18:37:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dele Bakare''' an haife shi '''Oladele Ibukun Bakare''' a ranar 8 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1988 ɗan Ƙasar [[Najeriya]] ne Mai haɓaka software kuma ɗan kasuwa daga [[Ibadan]], [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]] a ƙasar Najeriya . Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na [[Findworka]], wani farawa na ƙasar Najeriya wanda ke hayar masu haɓaka software kuma yana gina samfuran software na al'ada. Ya taba aiki a matsayin babban mai haɓaka software a Infinion Technologies da jagorancin fasaha a [[BudgIT]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=May 4, 2017 |title=Highlights of BudgIT-Tracka Capacity Building Workshop for CBOs in Kaduna. |url=https://tracka.ng/impact/2017/05/04/highlights-of-budgit-tracka-capacity-building-workshop-for-cbos-in-kaduna/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200704004921/https://tracka.ng/impact/2017/05/04/highlights-of-budgit-tracka-capacity-building-workshop-for-cbos-in-kaduna |archive-date=July 4, 2020 |access-date= |website=Tracka Blog}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an zabi shi don Kyautar Afirka ta gaba don Kimiyya da Fasaha. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2016-12-04 |title=And the nominees are... The Future Awards Africa unveils those in the running for Africa's biggest prize for youth... |url=https://awards.thefutureafrica.com/nominees-future-awards-africa-unveils-running-africas-biggest-prize-youth/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=The future africa}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Kafin ya sami difloma a fannin injiniyan software daga NIIT, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Emeka |first=Mazi |date=October 17, 2016 |title=#Impact365: Connecting people to job opportunities {{!}} How Dele Bakare of findworka makes it happen |url=https://ynaija.com/impact365-interview-dele-bakare-lead-software-engineer-budgit/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=Ynaija}}</ref> Dele yana aiki a matsayin mai haɓaka software a fasahar Infinion. Ya bar fasahar Infinion don ya sami Ayyuka a ƙasar Najeriya tare da Temitayo Olufuwa .<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=16 January 2014 |title=JobsInNigeria – A Job Search Engine in Nigeria |url=https://childfinanceinternational.org/news-and-events/news-blog/entry/jobsinnigeria-a-job-search-engine-in-nigeria.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=CYFI News}}{{Dead link|date=August 2023}}</ref> A halin yanzu yana da ɗan'uwan Swiss Africa Business Innovation & Initiative da Founders Gym, shirin kan layi wanda ke horar da masu kafawa da ba su da wakilci a kan yadda za a tara kuɗi don haɓaka farawa na fasaha. == Findworka == A watan Fabrairun a shekarar 2016, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulligan |first=Gabriella |date=July 4, 2016 |title=Findworka online marketplace for service providers launches in Lagos |url=https://disrupt-africa.com/2016/07/findworka-online-marketplace-for-service-providers-launches-in-lagos/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=disrupt-africa}}</ref> Dele ya kafa Findworka, wani kamfani da aka kafa don magance rata <ref>{{Cite web |last=Olopade |first=Oluwarotimi |date=March 20, 2019 |title=Are tech talents Africa's 'new export'? |url=https://nairametrics.com/2019/03/20/why-african-tech-talents-are-leaving/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=Nairametrics}}</ref> tsakanin buƙata da wadatar masu haɓaka software. Kamfanin ya tara saka hannun jari daga [[Oluseun Onigbinde]] da Co-Creation Hub. A cikin shekara ta 2019, Connect Nigeria ya lissafa shi a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan shafukan yanar gizo 5 na masu zaman kansu a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Okoruwa |first=Samuel |date=January 29, 2019 |title=Top 5 websites for freelancers |url=https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2019/01/top-5-websites-for-freelancers%ef%bb%bf/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702190732/https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2019/01/top-5-websites-for-freelancers%EF%BB%BF/ |archive-date=July 2, 2020 |access-date= |website=Connect Nigeria}}</ref> == Ƙarshen motsi na SARS da kamfen ɗin #StopRobbingUs == Bayan da 'yan sanda suka kama matashi injiniyan software Toni Astro a Legas, ya kasance daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa fasaha wadanda suka hada muryarsu da na sauran shugabannin fasaha a cikin al'ummar fasaha ta Najeriya don hukunta yaduwar cin zarafin' yan sanda da kuma cin hanci da rashawa da 'yan sandan Najeriya suka yi.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=September 30, 2019 |title=Nigerian Tech Community Fights back against SARS. |url=https://wimbart.com/nigerian-tech-community-fights-back-against-sars/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=Wimbart}}</ref> Sauran shugabannin fasaha waɗanda suka yi Allah wadai da cin zarafin sun haɗa da [[Bosun Tijjani|Bosun Tijani]], Jason Njoku, [[Adetunji Eleso]], Adewale Yusuf, Tayo Oviosu, Jessica Hope, [[Onyeka Akumah]], Chinedu Azodoh, Editi Effiong, Damilola Teidi-Ayoola, Femi Longe, Idris Ayodeji Bello, Jay Alab, Kolapek, Aina, Shola Akinlade, Gbenga Agboola, Mark Essien, Simgaya, Aanu Adeekomo, Oo Noke, Olazie, Nelsononi.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=September 30, 2019 |title=Nigerian Tech Community Fights Back Against SARS |url=https://techcabal.com/2019/09/30/nigerian-tech-community-fights-back-against-sars/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=Techcabal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Shapshak |first=Toby |date=Oct 3, 2019 |title=#StopRobbingUs Nigerian Tech Community Tells Its Police |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tobyshapshak/2019/10/03/stoprobbingus-nigerian-tech-community-tells-its-police/#71bc5df65051 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=Forbes}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da yabo == A cikin 2016, saboda kokarin da ya yi wajen kafa Findworka, an zabi Dele Bakare don kyautar Future Awards a kimiyya da fasaha. Sauran wadanda aka zaba sun hada da Shola Akinlade, Olaniran Abiola, Oluyomi Ojo da Andrew Airelobgbei . Dele na ɗaya daga cikin masu magana a Techplus 2019, taron fasaha na shekara-shekara wanda ke faruwa a Legas. A cikin shekara ta 2019, taken shine sabon zamantakewar dijital. Ya kasance mai magana tare da Hon. Akin Alabi (Naira Bet), Dr Sid, Jackye (BBN), Bolanle Banwo (The Female Designer Movement), Karounwi Anuoluwapo (Yorlang), Babs Ogundeyi, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ogundeyi |first=Babs |title=Babs Ogundeyi Biography, Net Worth, Age, Kuda bank |url=https://naijabuzz300.com/babs-ogundeyi-biography-net-worth-age-kuda-bank-wife-email-careers-early-life/ |access-date=Nov 14, 2020 |website=Business Profiles by NaijaBuzz300}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bukola Akingbade (Kucheza), Debo Odunlana, Dele Bakare, Gabriel Okeowo, Funto Akinbesehin, Lola Esan, [[Odunayo Eweniyi]] (Piggyvest), Ola Brown (Flying Doctor), Osagie Alonge (Opay), Samson Ogun, Tobi. Har ila yau, taron ya ƙunshi mahimman bayanai daga Silas Adekunle, injiniyan robotics da Dokta Wendy Okolo, injiniyan jirgin sama a NASA. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] 4y6g6r0k3elpfhx2hovdwpkikmk688g 0 168084 961676 925381 2026-10-02T05:15:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961676 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Etienne S. Benson''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1976) masanin tarihi ne wanda ya kware a fannin kimiyya, siyasa, da muhalli, tare da mai da hankali kan Amurka da Turai daga karni na goma sha takwas zuwa yanzu. Tare da Dagmar Schäfer, a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Darakta a Cibiyar Max Planck don Tarihin Kimiyya a Berlin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Research &#124; MPIWG |url=https://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/research |website=www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de}}</ref> Sashensa na "Knowledge Systems and Collective Life" yana nazarin hulɗa tsakanin tsarin ilimi, tsarin siyasa, da kuma zamantakewar al'umma, yana mai da hankali kan yadda ilimi ke tsara yanke shawara da shugabanci, musamman a cikin yanayin ƙalubalen muhalli da dorewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Research Department "Knowledge Systems and Collective Life" to Explore Environment, Politics, and Society |url=https://nachrichten.idw-online.de/2023/04/17/new-research-department-knowledge-systems-and-collective-life-to-explore-environment-politics-and-society |access-date=2026-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260910182251/https://nachrichten.idw-online.de/2023/04/17/new-research-department-knowledge-systems-and-collective-life-to-explore-environment-politics-and-society |archive-date=2026-09-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Benson ya sami Ph.D. daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts (MIT) a cikin 2008 kuma ya rike mukamai na ilimi a cibiyoyin kamar Jami'ar Harvard, Jami'ar Pennsylvania, da Jami'ar Chicago (Cibiyar Humanities). Kafin wannan, ya sami AB a cikin ilimin kimiyyar kwakwalwa daga Kwalejin Harvard a 1999 da MA a cikin ilimin halayyar dan adam daga Jami'ar Stanford a 2001.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anthropocene Curriculum |url=https://www.anthropocene-curriculum.org/contributors/etienne-benson}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Etienne Benson |url=https://www.environment.harvard.edu/people/etienne-benson}}</ref> Shi ne marubucin Wired Wilderness: Technologies of Tracking and the Making of Modern Wildlife, Johns Hopkins University Press, (2010) <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mitman |first=Gregg |date=2012 |title=Wired Wilderness: Technologies of Tracking and the Making of Modern Wildlife (Review) |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/1/article/466804/pdf |journal=Technology and Culture |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=242–243 |doi=10.1353/tech.2012.0028 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bocking |first=Stephen |date=2011 |title=Etienne Benson. ''Wired Wilderness: Technologies of Tracking and the Making of Modern Wildlife'' . (Animals, History, Culture.) ix + 251 pp., illus., figs., bibl., index. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010. $55 (Cloth) |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/664890 |journal=Isis |volume=102 |issue=4 |pages=799–800 |doi=10.1086/664890 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Papworth |first=Sarah |date=2012 |title=Wired Wilderness: Technologies of Tracking and the Making of Modern Wildlife by Etienne Benson (2010), ix+251 pp., the Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA. ISBN 9780801897108 (HBK), USD 55.00/GBP 28.50. |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/oryx/article/wired-wilderness-technologies-of-tracking-and-the-making-of-modern-wildlife-by-etienne-benson-2010-ix251-pp-the-john-hopkins-university-press-baltimore-usa-isbn-9780801897108-hbk-usd-5500gbp-2850/45C0263829513D52BC88D188AE691191 |journal=Oryx |volume=46 |page=155 |doi=10.1017/S0030605311002225}}</ref> da Surroundings: A History of Environments and Environmentalisms (2020), <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Selcer |first=Perrin |date=2021 |title=Etienne S. Benson. ''Surroundings: A History of Environments and Environmentalisms'' |url=https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article-abstract/126/4/1619/6525103 |journal=The American Historical Review |volume=126 |issue=4 |pages=1619–1620 |doi=10.1093/ahr/rhab544 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Warde |first=Paul |date=2023 |title=Etienne S. Benson, Surroundings. A History of Environments and Environmentalisms |url=https://academic.oup.com/shm/article-abstract/36/3/573/6599224?redirectedFrom=fulltext |journal=Social History of Medicine |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=573–574 |doi=10.1093/shm/hkac028 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> wanda ke nazarin haɗuwa da fasaha, muhalli, da kiyaye namun daji. Yana aiki a kan allon ba da shawara na kwamitoci da mujallu da yawa, gami da The Journal of the History of Biology da Osiris, kuma memba ne na kwamitin zartarwa na Society for the History of Technology (SHOT). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Benson |first=Etienne S. |date=2023 |title=Etienne S. Benson, C.V. |url=https://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/sites/default/files/2023-05/benson-etienne-cv-press-2023-2.pdf |website=Max Planck Institute for the History of Science}}</ref> Ta hanyar karatun da ya yi a cikin mujallu daban-daban na ilimi da kuma ta hanyar aikinsa na jama'a, Benson ya ba da gudummawa sosai wajen bincika dangantakar mutum da dabbobi, tarihin kiyayewa, muhalli, da ci gaban kimiyyar duniya da muhalli <ref>{{Cite web |title=Etienne Benson – Society of Fellows |url=https://societyoffellows.org/member/etienne-benson/}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] jkubhgsvaevf5sqxlj2zgewq44sa0qu 0 168120 961409 925619 2026-10-01T14:13:50Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cormac Cullinan''' lauya ce ta muhalli ta Afirka ta Kudu, marubuci kuma jagora a cikin ƙungiyar 'Yancin Yanayi ta duniya. Shi ne darektan babbar kamfani shari'ar muhalli na Afirka ta Kudu, Cullinan & Associates Inc, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Environmental and Green Business Attorneys – Cullinans |url=https://cullinans.co.za/ |access-date=2025-06-06 |language=en-GB}}</ref> kuma darektan Cibiyar Shari'ar daji <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wild Law |url=https://www.wildlaw.net/board-of-directors-and-team/cormac-cullinan |access-date=2025-06-06 |website=www.wildlaw.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250421182319/https://www.wildlaw.net/board-of-directors-and-team/cormac-cullinan |archive-date=2025-04-21 |url-status=dead}}</ref> wacce ke jagorantar dokokin muhalli da tsarin mulki. Ya yi aiki a kan [[Dokar muhalli]] da manufofi da haƙƙin Yanayi a cikin ƙasashe sama da 25. Yana zaune a Cape Town. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Cullinan a Pietermaritzburg, [[Afirka ta Kudu]], kuma ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Maritzburg da Jami'ar Natal (yanzu [[Jami'ar KwaZulu-Natal|Jami'ar KwaZulu Natal]]) inda ya kammala karatu tare da Bachelor of Arts (Honours) a cikin wallafe-wallafen Ingilishi, da kuma digiri na Bachelor of Laws. Yana da Master of Laws (muhalli) daga King's College, Jami'ar London . == Shari'ar Duniya da 'Yancin Halitta == An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar ka'idoji goma na Thomas Berry don sake fasalin shari'a, Cullinan ya buga Wild Law: a manifesto for Earth Justice (2002). Wild Law shine littafi na farko da ya yi amfani da kuma bayyana kalmar "Jurisprudence na Duniya" wanda yanzu yana da tsakiya ga Shirin Rayuwa cikin Harmony tare da Yanayi. Cullinan ya rubuta babi a kan Shari'ar Duniya a cikin bugu na biyu na Oxford Handbook on International Environmental Law (2021).  Ana koyar da shari'ar duniya a Jami'o'i a kasashe da yawa kuma an buga littattafai da yawa a kan batun [[Haƙƙin Ilimin fikihun falsafa|Dokar daji]]. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ht12uiwuopu61i1w3zqq9wfq3hgz9st 0 168249 961602 926070 2026-10-01T22:11:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Donald Alfred Chant''' OC FRSC (30 Satumba 1928 - 23 Disamba 2007) masanin ilimin halittu ne na Kanada, masanin ilimin dabbobi, kuma mai ba da shawara kan muhalli, wanda aka sani da aikinsa ta amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin kula da halittu. An zabe shi dan kungiyar Royal Society of Canada da Entomological Society of Canada . An haife shi a [[Toronto]], ya koma Vancouver a 1945, inda ya sami BA (1950) da MA (1952) daga Jami'ar British Columbia . Ya sami digirinsa na PhD daga Jami'ar London a shekarar 1956. Ya kasance shugaban Sashen Kula da Halitta a Jami'ar California, Riverside daga 1964 zuwa 1967, sannan ya zama shugaban Sashen Zoology na Jami'ar Toronto, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa daga 1967 zuwa ritaya a 1993, kuma farfesa mai daraja daga 1993 zuwa 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Professor Emeritus Dr. Donald A. Chant (1928-2007) |url=http://esc-sec.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Obit_Chant_Donald.pdf |access-date=30 January 2017 |website=[[Entomological Society of Canada]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Tony |date=2010 |title=Donald Chant |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/donald-chant/ |access-date=30 January 2017 |website=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305101003/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/donald-chant/ |archive-date=5 March 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Donald Chant ya kasance mai kula da muhalli mai aiki da kuma magana. Ya sami lambar yabo ta White Owl Conservation Award a 1973 don bayyana ra'ayin jama'a game da bukatar aiki na gaske akan matsalolin muhalli. Chant ya kasance co-kafa na Pollution Probe (1969), Gidauniyar Binciken Dokar Muhalli ta Kanada (1970), da Kwamitin albarkatun Arctic na Kanada (1971). Pollution Probe ya sami lambar yabo ta White Owl Conservation Award (sa'an nan lambar yabo guda ɗaya) a cikin 1970, Gidauniyar Binciken Shari'a ta sami lambar yabo na White Owl Group a cikin 1974, kuma Kwamitin albarkatun Arctic ya sami lambar lambar yabo ta Group a cikin 1975. == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Matattun 2007]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1928]] 28u91t3owwdpxhsoxnx6buk86qxtylm 0 168532 961420 927045 2026-10-01T15:32:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Daire Kilian Keogh''' <ref name="IRC_awards">{{Cite web |title=Awardee search (for Keogh, filtered) |url=http://research.ie/awardees/ |access-date=24 August 2020 |website=Irish Research Council}}</ref> (an haife shi a watan Yulin 1964 ) masanin tarihin ilimi ne kuma shugaban ilimi na mataki na uku, shugaban Jami'ar Dublin City (DCU) tun watan Yulin 2020. Keogh ya kammala karatunsa a fannin tarihi, daga baya ya sami digirin digirgir yayin da yake aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin malamin makaranta. Ya kasance malami a wasu makarantu na mataki na uku na Ireland, sannan kuma farfesa a, sannan daga baya ya zama shugaban babbar kwalejin horar da malamai ta Ireland, St Patrick's, Drumcondra . Ya rubuta ko kuma ya gyara littattafai sama da goma sha biyu a fannin juyin juya hali da tarihin addini na Ireland. Bayan da St Patrick's ya haɗu gaba ɗaya cikin DCU, an naɗa shi mataimakin shugaban jami'ar, kuma bayan dogon bincike a shekarar 2018 da 2019, an zaɓe shi don zama shugaban DCU na huɗu a ranar 14 ga Yuli, 2020, na tsawon shekaru 10. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Daire (wani lokacin ana rubuta Dáire) An haifi Keogh ga Peter da Cora Keogh na Rathfarnham, kuma yana da 'yan'uwa maza huɗu da 'yar'uwa ɗaya. Mahaifinsa ya mallaki kuma yana kula da gidan giya na Peter's Pub tsakanin titin South William da St Stephen's Green a tsakiyar Dublin. Ya halarci Makarantar Ƙasa ta Loreto Abbey, sannan ya [[Synge Street CBS|halarci Synge Street CBS]] . <ref name="interview" /> Ya yi karatun tarihi, tattalin arziki da falsafa a Kwalejin Jami'a ta Dublin (UCD, a cikin Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Ireland ), inda ya sami digirin farko a fannin Fasaha a Tarihi. Daga nan ya yi karatu don aikin firist a Jami'ar Gregorian ta Paparoma da ke Rome, kuma duk da cewa bai yi aikin naɗi ba, <ref name="interview" /> ya sami digiri (BPh) a can.<ref name="IT_appt" /> == Aikin ilimi == Bayan dawowarsa Ireland ya fara aiki a matsayin malami a Kwalejin Al'umma ta St Mac Dara da ke Templeogue kuma ya yi nasarar samun digirin digirgir a tarihi a Kwalejin Trinity Dublin. Ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1993, tare da wani digiri na uku mai taken ''Cocin Katolika da Tsarin Ra'ayin Ra'ayi a Ireland a shekarun 1790.'' Ya yi lacca da gudanar da bincike a wasu cibiyoyi na mataki na uku na Ireland, ciki har da UCD, Kwalejin Trinity, ɗaya ko duka jami'o'in da ke Maynooth, UCG, Kwalejin St Patrick, Drumcondra da kuma cibiyar ilimi ta nesa ta Oscail wadda DCU ke daukar nauyinta.<ref name="interview" /> Ya kuma riƙe muƙamin na ɗan lokaci a matsayin farfesa na gaba a Jami'ar Notre Dame, kusa da South Bend a [[Indiana]], ɗaya daga cikin manyan jami'o'in Katolika a Arewacin Amurka Keogh ya kuma yi digiri na biyu a fannin tauhidi a Jami'ar Glasgow.<ref name="Selection" /> Keogh ya yi lacca a tarihin Turai da Ireland na Farko na Zamani tun daga akalla 2001 [1] a Sashen Tarihi a cikin Sashen Ilimin Dan Adam a Kwalejin St Patrick, Drumcondra, a da cibiya ce mai cin gashin kanta amma a lokacin kwalejin DCU ce. A shekarar 2011, ya zama babban malami. [2] Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugaban tabbatar da inganci.[3] Daga nan ya riƙe kujera mai suna, a matsayin Farfesa na Cregan na Tarihin Irish na Zamani.[4] Ya kuma riƙe muƙamin abokin aiki a Cibiyar Zane-zane ta Jami'ar Jihar Arizona.[5] Ya kasance Shugaban St Patrick's daga 2012 <ref name="Inaug_StPats">{{Cite web |last=Martin |first=Diarmuid |author-link=Diarmuid Martin |date=28 September 2012 |title=Inauguration of President of St. Patrick's College |url=https://www.dublindiocese.ie/inauguration-of-president-of-st-patricks-college/ |access-date=17 July 2020 |website=Archdiocese of Dublin (Roman Catholic) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811152524/https://www.dublindiocese.ie/inauguration-of-president-of-st-patricks-college/ |archive-date=11 August 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref> zuwa 2016, yana kula da faɗaɗa manhajar karatunsa da kuma gina sabon ginin ɗakin karatu. Ya kuma zama daraktan gidauniyar tara kuɗi ta kwalejin.<ref name="StPatsFoundation">{{Cite web |title=St Patrick's College Foundation |url=https://companycheck.co.uk/company/ie476185/ST-PATRICKS-COLLEGE-FOUNDATION/companies-house-data |access-date=24 August 2020 |website=companycheck.co.uk |publisher=Companies House (UK) |quote=Name DAIRE KEOGH, Role Director, Birth Jul 1964, Appointed 24 Sep 2012}}</ref> Jami'ar St Patrick ta haɗu gaba ɗaya zuwa Jami'ar Dublin City - wacce ta zama tushen Cibiyar Ilimi, tare da haɗa wasu kwalejoji, da kuma wani ɓangare na sashen ilimin ɗan adam. Wannan tsari Keogh ya jagoranci St Patrick's. An naɗa shi mataimakin shugaban DCU, kuma nauyin da ke kansa ya haɗa da ɓangarorin da ba na ilimi ba na rayuwar ɗalibai, kamar walwala, wasanni da ayyukan zamantakewa, da kuma hulɗa da tsofaffin ɗaliban DCU, da kuma tsarin tsare-tsare na jami'a.<ref name="DepPres_profile">{{Cite web |date=21 September 2016 |title=About the Deputy President |url=https://www.dcu.ie/president/Presidents-Office-Deputy-President-Professor-Daire-Keogh.shtml |access-date=16 July 2020 |website=Dublin City University}}</ref> <ref name="Selection" /> Ya kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen amincewa da mayar da ɗakin karatu mai juzu'i 140,000 na ƙungiyar Jesuit a Ireland zuwa reshen ɗakin karatu na DCU a harabar All Hallows.<ref name="MilltownParkLib_mv">{{Cite web |date=3 October 2019 |title=Milltown Park Library moves to DCU |url=https://www.jesuit.ie/news/milltown-park-library-goes-to-dcu/ |access-date=17 July 2020 |website=Jesuits in Ireland}}</ref> An zaɓi Keogh a shekarar 2019 don ''lambar yabo ta jagoranci ma'aikata'', wadda aka bayar a taron cin abincin dare na shekara-shekara na ƙungiyar manyan masu ba da gudummawa ta DCU.<ref name="Award_2019">{{Cite web |date=14 October 2019 |title=Vodafone, Michael Dwyer and Daire Keogh recipients of DCU Leadership Awards |url=https://www.dcu.ie/news/news/2019/Oct/Vodafone-Michael-Dwyer-and-Daire-Keogh-recipients-of-DCU-Leadership-Awards.shtml |access-date=17 July 2020 |website=Dublin City University}}</ref> === Fannin karatu === Binciken Keogh da ayyukan wallafe-wallafensa sun yi magana game da fannoni na tarihin Ireland, ciki har da siyasa, ilimi, addini da jinsi.<ref name="DepPres_profile" /> Musamman ma ya ƙware a fannoni na tarihin Cocin Katolika a Ireland da kuma siyasar juyin juya hali a ƙarni na 18. <ref name="Ints_StPatsHist2001">{{Cite web |title=History (Department of) |url=http://www.spd.dcu.ie/depts/History_frm.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051202114316/http://www.spd.dcu.ie/depts/History_frm.htm |archive-date=2 December 2005 |access-date=24 August 2020 |website=St Patrick's College, Drumcondra}}</ref> Ya sami kuɗi daga Majalisar Bincike ta Irish da gwamnati ta ɗauki nauyinta da kuma Majalisar Bincike ta Irish Research Council for the Humanities and Social Sciences (IRCHSS), aƙalla sau biyu: a shekara ta 2007 ya sami babban tallafin bincike don yin aiki kan tarihin ' Yan'uwan Kiristocin Irish <ref name="IRC_awards" /> kuma daga shekara ta 2008, tallafin ayyukan don aikin gyara da buga wasikun Cardinal Paul Cullen, wanda har yanzu yake ci gaba da kasancewa, har zuwa 2020, babban mai bincike . <ref name="IRC_awards" /> Keogh kuma ya jagoranci kwamitin edita na DCU's journal of Irish Studies, ''Studia Hibernica'', wanda ya shafi fannonin tarihi, almara, toponymy da [[harshen Irish]].<ref name="Studia_EdCtte">{{Cite web |title=Editorial Committee |url=https://www.studiahibernica.ie/en/about/editorial-committee/ |access-date=17 July 2020 |website=Studia Hibernica |publisher=Dublin City University}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] 43slskfe24onppty5anqgsplp77lu93 0 168587 961638 927220 2026-10-02T01:10:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Efe Abogidi | image = File:California vs Washington State basketball 2021.jpg | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|2001|10|11}} | birth_place = [[Delta State]], Nigeria | nationality = Nigerian | position = [[Center (basketball)|Center]] | current_team = [[Rio Grande Valley Vipers]] | number = 11 | college = [[Washington State University]] | draft_year = 2023 | draft_round = | draft_pick = Undrafted | career_start = 2022 | years1 = 2022–2024 | team1 = [[NBA G League Ignite]] | years2 = 2025 | team2 = Central Districts Lions | years3 = 2025–present | team3 = [[Rio Grande Valley Vipers]] | nationalyears1 = 2021–present | nationalteam1 = [[Nigeria national basketball team|Nigeria]] }} [[Fayil:Efe Abogidi.jpg|thumb]] '''Efemena Tennyson Abogidi''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Efe Abogidi''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2001), ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando ne na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Center (basketball)|center]] ko ''forward''. A halin yanzu yana buga wa [[Rio Grande Valley Vipers]] a [[NBA G League]] wasa. An haife shi a Najeriya, kuma ya shiga tsarin [[NBA Academy]] kafin ya koma Amurka domin buga wasan ƙwallon kwando na jami'a a [[Washington State University]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gleague.nba.com/player/1631285 |title=Efe Abogidi |website=NBA G League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Abogidi a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2001 a [[Delta State]], Najeriya. Tun yana yaro ya shiga wasannin motsa jiki daban-daban, ciki har da gudu da tsalle, kafin daga baya ya mayar da hankali sosai kan wasan ƙwallon kwando. Ya samu sha'awar wasan ne bayan ya fara kallon manyan 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando, musamman bidiyon [[Tim Duncan]], wanda ya zama ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan da yake kwaikwaya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa a Najeriya, Abogidi ya shiga sansanonin horar da ƙwallon kwando da shirin Hoops & Read wanda gidauniyar tsohon ɗan wasan Najeriya [[Olumide Oyedeji]] ta kafa. Ya samu damar fafatawa da 'yan wasa masu shekaru daban-daban kuma ya fara bayyana a gasar ƙwallon kwando ta matasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == NBA Academy == A shekarar 2017, Abogidi ya shiga [[NBA Academy Africa]] da ke [[Saly]], Senegal. Wannan makaranta wani shiri ne da [[National Basketball Association|NBA]] ta kafa domin gano tare da horar da matasan 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando daga Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> Daga baya Abogidi ya koma [[NBA Global Academy]] da ke [[Canberra]], Australia, domin ci gaba da samun horo a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. A lokacin da yake NBA Academy, ya samu damar fafatawa da manyan matasan 'yan wasa daga sassa daban-daban na duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A lokacin da yake NBA Academy, Abogidi ya yi fice saboda iya tsalle da kuma dunking. Ya samu matsala da rauni a gwiwa a shekarar 2017, amma ya dawo daga raunin kuma ya ci gaba da shirin horonsa a Australia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Washington State University == A shekarar 2020, Abogidi ya shiga [[Washington State University]] domin buga wa [[Washington State Cougars]] wasa a gasar [[NCAA Division I men's basketball|NCAA Division I]]. Ya buga shekaru biyu a jami'ar kafin ya fara aikin ƙwallon kwando na ƙwararru.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A kakar 2020–21, wato shekararsa ta farko, Abogidi ya buga dukkan wasanni 27 na Washington State kuma ya fara duka wasannin. Ya samu matsakaicin maki 8.9, rebounds 7.2 da blocks 1.3 a kowane wasa cikin mintuna 24.4.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A wannan shekarar, an zaɓi Abogidi cikin [[Pac-12 Conference|Pac-12]] All-Freshman Team. Ya kuma zama ɗan wasan farko na Washington State da ya lashe kyautar Pac-12 Freshman of the Week tun lokacin da aka fara bayar da kyautar a shekarar 2019–20.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A lokacin kakarsa ta farko, Abogidi ya yi ''double-double'' sau da dama. A wani wasa da Montana State, ya samu maki 19 da rebounds 15, yayin da ya kuma yi wasanni uku a jere da ''double-double''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A kakar 2021–22, Abogidi ya buga dukkan wasanni 37 na Washington State, inda ya fara wasanni 29. Ya samu matsakaicin maki 8.1 da rebounds 5.8 da blocks 1.78 a kowane wasa. Ya kasance jagoran ƙungiyar wajen rebounds da blocks.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A wannan kakar, an zaɓi Abogidi a matsayin ''Pac-12 All-Defensive Team Honorable Mention''. Ya kuma kammala kakar da blocks 66, wanda ya kasance na biyar mafi yawa a kakar guda a tarihin Washington State, kuma na biyu mafi yawa da ɗan wasa na sophomore ya taɓa samu a makarantar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A cikin wasannin [[National Invitation Tournament|NIT]] na 2022, Abogidi ya taimaka wa Washington State da maki da tsaro. A wasanni huɗu na gasar, ya samu matsakaicin maki 10.0, rebounds 6.5 da blocks 2.3 a kowane wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == NBA G League Ignite == A ranar 24 ga Yuni 2022, Abogidi ya rattaba hannu da [[NBA G League Ignite]], ƙungiyar da NBA ta kafa domin bai wa matasan 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando damar fara aikin ƙwararru kafin su shiga NBA.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pr.nba.com/efe-abogidi-signs-nba-g-league-ignite/ |title=Efe Abogidi signs with NBA G League Ignite |website=NBA Communications |date=24 June 2022 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A kakarsa ta farko da NBA G League Ignite, Abogidi ya buga wasanni 22 kuma ya samu matsakaicin maki 8.3, rebounds 5.5, assists 1.0 da blocks 1.0 a kowane wasa cikin mintuna 18.6.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gleague.nba.com/player/1631285 |title=Efe Abogidi |website=NBA G League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A watan Janairu 2023, Abogidi ya samu rauni a gwiwa yayin wasan NBA G League Ignite da Birmingham Squadron. Daga baya ya yi tiyata kuma aka tabbatar da cewa ba zai ci gaba da buga wasannin sauran kakar ba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pr.nba.com/efe-abogidi-signs-nba-g-league-ignite/ |title=Efe Abogidi signs with NBA G League Ignite |website=NBA Communications |date=24 June 2022 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> Ya koma NBA G League Ignite a kakar 2023–24, amma bai buga wani wasa ba a wannan kakar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gleague.nba.com/player/1631285 |title=Efe Abogidi |website=NBA G League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Central Districts Lions == A watan Oktoba 2024, Abogidi ya sanya hannu da Central Districts Lions domin buga kakar 2025 ta [[NBL1 Central]], gasar ƙwallon kwando ta Australia. Wannan ya zama wani mataki na dawowarsa gasar ƙwallon kwando bayan lokacin da ya yi yana murmurewa daga rauni.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nbl1.com.au/central/news/efe-abogidi-central-districts-lions |title=Efe Abogidi joins Central Districts Lions |website=NBL1 |access-date=11 September 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A lokacin da yake Australia, Abogidi ya sake nuna ƙwarewarsa wajen samun rebounds, kare fili da kuma yin blocks. Bayanai na aikinsa sun nuna cewa ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nbl1.com.au/central/news/efe-abogidi-central-districts-lions |title=Efe Abogidi joins Central Districts Lions |website=NBL1 |access-date=11 September 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Rio Grande Valley Vipers == A shekarar 2025, Abogidi ya koma [[NBA G League]] inda ya shiga [[Rio Grande Valley Vipers]]. Ya ci gaba da taka leda a matsayin babban ɗan wasa a gaba, yana taimakawa wajen samun maki da rebounds da kuma kare kwando.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gleague.nba.com/player/1631285 |title=Efe Abogidi |website=NBA G League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A kakar 2025–26, Abogidi ya buga wasanni 30 tare da Rio Grande Valley Vipers, inda ya fara wasanni 22. Ya samu matsakaicin maki 12.6, rebounds 6.6 da assists 1.0 a kowane wasa cikin mintuna 26.1, tare da yin kashi 49.8 cikin 100 na jefa ƙwallo daga filin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://stats.gleague.nba.com/player/1631285/ |title=Efe Abogidi NBA G League Statistics |website=NBA G League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A wasu daga cikin wasannin kakar 2025–26, Abogidi ya samu ƙarin maki da rebounds fiye da matsakaicinsa. Bayanan NBA G League sun nuna cewa ya ci gaba da taka rawar gani wajen kai hari da kuma kare fili a lokacin kakar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://stats.gleague.nba.com/player/1631285/season/2025-26 |title=Efe Abogidi 2025-26 Statistics |website=NBA G League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Tawagar Najeriya == Abogidi yana wakiltar [[Nigeria national basketball team|tawagar ƙwallon kwando ta Najeriya]] a wasannin ƙasa da ƙasa. FIBA ta sanya shi cikin jerin 'yan wasan Najeriya a wasannin neman gurbin shiga [[2027 FIBA Basketball World Cup|Kofin Duniya na FIBA na 2027]], inda aka bayyana shi a matsayin ɗan wasa mai tsayin santimita 208 kuma matsayinsa ''center''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/fiba-basketball-world-cup-2027-african-qualifiers/teams/nigeria/282526-efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi – Nigeria |website=FIBA |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A zagayen wasannin neman gurbin Kofin Duniya na 2027 da aka buga a watan Agustan 2026, Abogidi ya buga wa Najeriya wasanni uku. A wasannin da aka yi da Cameroon, South Sudan da Cape Verde, ya samu jimillar maki 23 da rebounds 11 da blocks biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/fiba-basketball-world-cup-2027-african-qualifiers/teams/nigeria/282526-efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi – FIBA Basketball World Cup 2027 African Qualifiers |website=FIBA |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A wasan da Najeriya ta buga da Cameroon a ranar 27 ga Agusta 2026, Abogidi ya buga mintuna 19, ya zura maki 12, ya samu rebounds biyar, steals biyu da block guda. A wasan da Cape Verde kuma ya samu maki 11 da rebounds huɗu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/fiba-basketball-world-cup-2027-african-qualifiers/teams/nigeria/282526-efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi – Detailed Statistics |website=FIBA |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Salon wasa == Abogidi ɗan wasa ne mai tsayi da ƙarfi wanda zai iya taka rawa a matsayin ''center'' ko ''forward''. Tsayinsa ya kai santimita 208, kuma ƙwarewarsa wajen karɓar rebounds, yin blocks da kare fili na daga cikin manyan abubuwan da suka bambanta shi da sauran 'yan wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gleague.nba.com/player/1631285 |title=Efe Abogidi |website=NBA G League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A lokacin da yake Washington State, ya yi fice musamman wajen kare kwando. A kakar 2021–22 ya samu blocks 66, yayin da ya kammala shekaru biyu na jami'a da blocks 102 gaba ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wsucougars.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/player/efe-abogidi |title=Efe Abogidi - 2021-22 Men's Basketball Roster |website=Washington State University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Kididdigar jami'a == A tsawon shekaru biyu da ya yi a Washington State, Abogidi ya buga wasanni 64. Ya samu matsakaicin maki 8.4, rebounds 6.4 da assists 0.5 a kowane wasa, yayin da ya yi kashi 50.1 cikin 100 na jefa ƙwallo daga filin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/efe-abogidi-1.html |title=Efe Abogidi College Stats |website=Sports-Reference |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Kididdigar NBA G League == A NBA G League, Abogidi ya buga wa Ignite da Rio Grande Valley Vipers. Bayanai na NBA G League sun nuna cewa a kakar 2025–26 ya samu matsakaicin maki 12.6 da rebounds 6.6 da assists 1.0 a kowane wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://stats.gleague.nba.com/player/1631285/ |title=Efe Abogidi NBA G League Statistics |website=NBA G League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da nasarori == * [[Pac-12 All-Freshman Team]] – 2020–21 * Pac-12 Freshman of the Week * Pac-12 All-Defensive Team Honorable Mention – 2021–22 * NBA Academy Africa graduate * NBA Global Academy graduate * Ɗan wasan [[Nigeria national basketball team|tawagar ƙwallon kwando ta Najeriya]] * Ya buga wa [[NBA G League Ignite]] wasa * Ya buga wa [[Rio Grande Valley Vipers]] a NBA G League.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gleague.nba.com/player/1631285 |title=Efe Abogidi |website=NBA G League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria national basketball team|Tawagar ƙwallon kwando ta Najeriya]] * [[NBA G League]] * [[Washington State Cougars]] * [[FIBA Basketball World Cup]] * [[NBA Academy]] == Manazarta == gsnlnicyaj2vuep6jls2ew5shysqn71 0 168591 961629 927237 2026-10-02T00:06:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 4 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Ebuka Izundu | image = Ebuka Izundu 15 Galatasaray MB TBSL 20250119 (5).jpg | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1996|6|28}} | birth_place = [[Lagos]], Nigeria | nationality = Nigerian | position = [[Center (basketball)|Center]] | current_team = [[KK Crvena zvezda|Crvena zvezda]] | number = 15 | college = [[University of Miami]] | draft_year = 2019 | draft_round = | draft_pick = Undrafted | career_start = 2019 | years1 = 2019–2020 | team1 = [[Real Betis Baloncesto|Real Betis]] | years2 = 2020 | team2 = [[SIG Strasbourg]] | years3 = 2021–2023 | team3 = [[KK FMP|FMP]] | years4 = 2023–2024 | team4 = [[EWE Baskets Oldenburg]] | years5 = 2024–2025 | team5 = [[Galatasaray S.K. (men's basketball)|Galatasaray]] | years6 = 2025–present | team6 = [[KK Crvena zvezda|Crvena zvezda]] | nationalyears1 = 2025–present | nationalteam1 = [[Nigeria national basketball team|Nigeria]] }} '''Ebuka Rufus Izundu''' (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Yuni 1996) ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando ne na Najeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Center (basketball)|center]]. A halin yanzu yana buga wa [[KK Crvena zvezda|Crvena zvezda Meridianbet]] ta Serbia wasa. An haife shi a [[Lagos]], Najeriya, kuma tsayinsa ya kai santimita 208.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/273236-ebuka-izundu |title=Ebuka Izundu |website=FIBA Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Izundu a Lagos, Najeriya, a ranar 28 ga Yuni 1996. Tun yana yaro ya fi buga ƙwallon ƙafa, amma ya fara mai da hankali kan ƙwallon kwando lokacin da yake kusan shekara 16, musamman saboda tsayinsa. Daga baya ya koma Amurka inda ya halarci Victory Christian Center School da ke [[Charlotte, North Carolina]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://hurricanesports.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/ebuka-izundu/11893 |title=Ebuka Izundu - Men's Basketball |website=University of Miami Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A lokacin da yake makarantar Victory Christian, Izundu ya yi fice sosai a ƙwallon kwando. A shekararsa ta ƙarshe a makarantar ya samu matsakaicin maki 21, rebounds 15 da blocks shida a kowane wasa, abin da ya jawo hankalin jami'o'in Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/sports/college/acc/university-of-miami/article209405654.html |title=Ebuka Izundu and his path to Miami basketball |website=Miami Herald |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Karatun jami'a == Izundu ya fara samun tayin karatu daga [[University of North Carolina at Charlotte|Charlotte 49ers]], kuma ya fara shirin shiga jami'ar. Bayan sauyin koci a shirin Charlotte, ya sake duba zabin makarantun da zai shiga.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.charlotteobserver.com/sports/college/charlotte-49ers/article18527131.html |title=Victory Christian's Ebuka Izundu picks Miami (FL) |website=The Charlotte Observer |date=13 May 2015 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Mayu 2015, Izundu ya yanke shawarar shiga [[University of Miami]] domin buga wa [[Miami Hurricanes men's basketball|Miami Hurricanes]] wasa a gasar [[NCAA Division I men's basketball|NCAA Division I]]. Ya buga shekaru huɗu a jami'ar daga 2015 zuwa 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://hurricanesports.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/ebuka-izundu/11893 |title=Ebuka Izundu - Men's Basketball |website=University of Miami Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekararsa ta biyu a Miami, Izundu ya samu matsakaicin maki 4.2 da rebounds 3.0 a kowane wasa. A shekararsa ta uku ya ƙara zuwa maki 5.0 da rebounds 3.8 a kowane wasa, kafin ya zama ɗan wasa mai fara wasa a shekararsa ta ƙarshe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/ebuka-izundu-1.html |title=Ebuka Izundu College Stats |website=Sports-Reference |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Nuwamba 2018, Izundu ya kafa sabbin mafi kyawun kididdigar aikinsa a wasan da Miami ta doke Stephen F. Austin da ci 96–58. Ya zura maki 22 tare da karɓar rebounds 18 a wasan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/4f37e0c19a5141a2b4f2b4e9c1f0baf7 |title=Miami routs Stephen F. Austin 96-58 |website=Associated Press |date=13 November 2018 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A kakar 2018–19, wato shekararsa ta ƙarshe a jami'a, Izundu ya fara dukkan wasanni 32 da Miami ta buga. Ya samu matsakaicin maki 10.9, rebounds 8.3 da blocks 1.2 a kowane wasa, sannan ya yi kashi 65.3 cikin 100 na jefa ƙwallo daga fili, wanda ya zama tarihin makarantar a wannan fanni.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/ebuka-izundu-1.html |title=Ebuka Izundu College Stats |website=Sports-Reference |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Fara aikin ƙwararru == Bayan kammala karatunsa a Miami, Izundu bai samu zaɓe a [[2019 NBA draft|NBA Draft na 2019]] ba. Sai dai ya samu damar shiga [[Golden State Warriors]] a [[NBA Summer League]] ta 2019, inda ya buga wasanni tare da ƙungiyar a gasar bazara.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cbssports.com/fantasy/basketball/news/warriors-ebuka-izundu-double-doubles-in-league-finale/ |title=Warriors' Ebuka Izundu: Double-doubles in league finale |website=CBS Sports |date=12 July 2019 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe da Warriors ta buga a NBA Summer League na 2019, Izundu ya zura maki 14 tare da karɓar rebounds 11 a wasan da Golden State ta sha kashi a hannun [[Los Angeles Lakers]] da ci 88–87.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cbssports.com/fantasy/basketball/news/warriors-ebuka-izundu-double-doubles-in-league-finale/ |title=Warriors' Ebuka Izundu: Double-doubles in league finale |website=CBS Sports |date=12 July 2019 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Real Betis == A ranar 10 ga Agusta 2019, Izundu ya rattaba hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu da [[Real Betis Baloncesto|Real Betis]] ta Spain. Wannan ya zama farkon ƙungiyar Turai da ya buga wa wasa bayan kammala karatunsa a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sportando.com/en/europe/spain/338824/real-betis-announces-ebuka-izundu.html |title=Real Betis announces Ebuka Izundu |website=Sportando |date=10 August 2019 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A kakar 2019–20 ta [[Liga ACB]], Izundu ya buga wasanni 17 tare da Real Betis. Ya samu matsakaicin maki 4.2 da rebounds 3.1 a cikin mintuna 13.1 na wasa a kowane wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/international/players/ebuka-izundu-1.html |title=Ebuka Izundu International Stats |website=Basketball-Reference |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2019, Izundu ya samu mafi yawan makinsa a kakar tare da Real Betis lokacin da ƙungiyar ta doke MoraBanc Andorra da ci 86–81. Ya zura maki 11 a wasan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.acb.com/partido/ver/id/101414 |title=Real Betis 86–81 MoraBanc Andorra |website=ACB |date=27 October 2019 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == SIG Strasbourg == A watan Yulin 2020, Izundu ya koma Faransa inda ya rattaba hannu da [[SIG Strasbourg]]. Ya shiga ƙungiyar domin buga gasar Faransa da kuma wasannin Turai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sportando.com/en/europe/france/340865/sig-strasbourg-announces-ebuka-izundu.html |title=SIG Strasbourg announces Ebuka Izundu |website=Sportando |date=17 July 2020 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A lokacin da yake SIG Strasbourg, Izundu ya kuma bayyana a gasar [[Basketball Champions League]]. A wasanni uku da ya buga a gasar, ya samu matsakaicin maki 1.3 da rebounds 3.7 a kowane wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/178-fiba-mens-european-club-competitions-tier-1/208166/players/273236-ebuka-izundu |title=Ebuka Izundu - SIG Strasbourg |website=FIBA Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == FMP == A watan Janairun 2021, Izundu ya koma Serbia domin buga wa [[KK FMP|FMP Meridian]] wasa a [[ABA League]]. Daga baya ya rattaba hannu kan sabon kwantiragi da ƙungiyar wanda ya ƙara zamansa har zuwa 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aba-liga.com/player/3755/22/1/ebuka-izundu/ |title=Ebuka Izundu - Player Profile |website=ABA League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A lokacin zamansa a FMP, Izundu ya samu damar taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tawagar. A gasar Basketball Champions League ta 2023, a wasannin neman gurbin shiga, ya samu matsakaicin maki 12.3 da rebounds 6.0 a kowane wasa a wasanni uku.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/108-basket-champions-league-qualification-rounds/208495/players/273236-ebuka-izundu |title=Ebuka Izundu - FMP Meridian |website=FIBA Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A wani wasa da FMP ta buga da Crvena zvezda a ABA League, Izundu ya samu maki 23 da rebounds tara, tare da yin wasa mai ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin kwando.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aba-liga.com/player/3755/22/1/ebuka-izundu/ |title=Ebuka Izundu - Player Profile and Game Statistics |website=ABA League |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Baskets Oldenburg == A watan Yunin 2023, Izundu ya koma Jamus inda ya rattaba hannu da [[EWE Baskets Oldenburg]] a gasar [[Basketball Bundesliga]]. Ya shiga ƙungiyar ne bayan shekaru biyu da ya yi a Serbia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ewe-baskets.de/news/2023/06/19/verstaerkung-auf-center-position-ebuka-izundu-wechselt-zu-den-ewe-baskets/ |title=Verstärkung auf Center-Position: Ebuka Izundu wechselt zu den EWE Baskets |website=EWE Baskets Oldenburg |date=19 June 2023 |access-date=11 September 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A gasar Basketball Champions League ta 2023–24, Izundu ya buga wasanni shida tare da Oldenburg. Ya samu matsakaicin maki 8.2 da rebounds 3.8 da assists 0.2 a kowane wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/112-fiba-mens-european-club-competitions-tier-1/208737/players/273236-ebuka-izundu |title=Ebuka Izundu - EWE Baskets Oldenburg |website=FIBA Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Galatasaray == A ranar 11 ga Yuni 2024, Izundu ya rattaba hannu da [[Galatasaray S.K. (men's basketball)|Galatasaray]] ta Turkiyya. Ya shiga ƙungiyar domin buga gasar [[Basketbol Süper Ligi]] da kuma gasannin Turai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.galatasaray.org/haber/basketbol/erkek-basketbol/galatasaraya-hos-geldin-ebuka-izundu/55719 |title=Galatasaray'a hoş geldin Ebuka Izundu |website=Galatasaray |date=13 June 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A gasar Basketball Champions League ta 2024–25, Izundu ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan Galatasaray. A wasanni 17 ya samu matsakaicin maki 9.5 da rebounds 7.0 da assists 0.5 a kowane wasa, tare da ƙimar tasiri ta 14.9.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/273236-ebuka-izundu |title=Ebuka Izundu - Career Statistics |website=FIBA Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2025, Galatasaray ta sanar da rabuwa da Izundu bayan kammala zamansa da ƙungiyar. Daga nan ya koma Serbia domin ci gaba da aikinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.galatasaray.org/haber/basketbol/erkek-basketbol/tesekkurler-ebuka-izundu-tyrone-wallace-ve-michael-young/58120 |title=Teşekkürler Ebuka Izundu, Tyrone Wallace ve Michael Young |website=Galatasaray |date=20 June 2025 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Crvena zvezda == A watan Yunin 2025, Izundu ya rattaba hannu da [[KK Crvena zvezda|Crvena zvezda Meridianbet]] ta Serbia. Ya shiga ƙungiyar kafin fara kakar 2025–26, inda ya fara taka leda a matsayin center.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aba-liga.com/news/54633 |title=Ebuka Izundu Commits to Zvezda with New Two-Year Deal |website=ABA League |date=11 April 2026 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A kakar 2025–26, Izundu ya yi fice a gasar [[EuroLeague]]. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan mamaki na ƙungiyar, kuma ya samu matsakaicin maki takwas da rebounds huɗu a kowane wasa a EuroLeague a lokacin da aka tsawaita masa kwantiragi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aba-liga.com/news/54633 |title=Ebuka Izundu Commits to Zvezda with New Two-Year Deal |website=ABA League |date=11 April 2026 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A wasan EuroLeague da Crvena zvezda ta buga da [[AS Monaco Basket|AS Monaco]], Izundu ya lashe kyautar [[EuroLeague]] MVP na zagaye na 23 bayan ya taka rawar gani wajen taimaka wa ƙungiyarsa samun nasara.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.euroleaguebasketball.net/en/euroleague/news/ebuka-izundu-named-round-23-mvp/ |title=Ebuka Izundu named EuroLeague Round 23 MVP |website=EuroLeague Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Afrilu 2026, Crvena zvezda ta tsawaita kwantiragin Izundu da ƙarin shekaru biyu. Sabon kwantiragin ya tabbatar da cewa zai ci gaba da zama a ƙungiyar har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2027–28.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aba-liga.com/news/54633 |title=Ebuka Izundu Commits to Zvezda with New Two-Year Deal |website=ABA League |date=11 April 2026 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A cikin kakar 2025–26, bayanan ABA League sun nuna cewa Izundu ya samu matsakaicin maki 9 da rebounds 4.3 a kowane wasa a gasar ABA League, yayin da a EuroLeague ya samu maki takwas da rebounds huɗu a kowane wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aba-liga.com/news/54633 |title=Ebuka Izundu Commits to Zvezda with New Two-Year Deal |website=ABA League |date=11 April 2026 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Tawagar Najeriya == Izundu yana wakiltar [[Nigeria national basketball team|tawagar ƙwallon kwando ta Najeriya]] a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. Bayanai na FIBA sun nuna cewa yana cikin tawagar Najeriya a wasannin neman gurbin shiga [[2027 FIBA Basketball World Cup|Kofin Duniya na FIBA na 2027]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/fiba-basketball-world-cup-2027-african-qualifiers/teams/nigeria/273236-ebuka-izundu |title=Ebuka Izundu - Nigeria - FIBA Basketball World Cup 2027 African Qualifiers |website=FIBA Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A wasannin neman gurbin Kofin Duniya na 2027 da aka buga a watan Agustan 2026, Izundu ya buga wa Najeriya wasanni uku. A wasan da Najeriya ta yi da South Sudan ya zura maki 12 da rebounds shida da block guda, yayin da a wasan da Cape Verde ya samu maki takwas da rebounds takwas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/fiba-basketball-world-cup-2027-african-qualifiers/teams/nigeria/273236-ebuka-izundu |title=Ebuka Izundu - Detailed Statistics |website=FIBA Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A wasannin zagayen na biyu na neman gurbin shiga Kofin Duniya na 2027, Izundu ya samu matsakaicin maki 6.7 da rebounds 5.3 da assists 0.3 a kowane wasa a wasanni uku.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/273236-ebuka-izundu |title=Ebuka Izundu - Career and National Team Statistics |website=FIBA Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Salon wasa == Izundu babban ɗan wasa ne mai tsayin santimita 208 wanda yake taka leda a matsayin [[Center (basketball)|center]]. Ƙarfinsa a ƙarƙashin kwando, karɓar rebounds da kare fili na daga cikin manyan abubuwan da yake amfani da su wajen taimaka wa ƙungiyarsa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/273236-ebuka-izundu |title=Ebuka Izundu |website=FIBA Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A lokacin da yake jami'a a Miami, ya nuna ƙwarewa wajen kare kwando da samun rebounds, sannan ya yi kashi 65.3 cikin 100 na jefa ƙwallo daga fili a shekararsa ta ƙarshe, wanda ya zama tarihin makarantar a lokacin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/ebuka-izundu-1.html |title=Ebuka Izundu College Stats |website=Sports-Reference |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Kididdiga == A gasar ACB ta Spain a kakar 2019–20, Izundu ya buga wasanni 17, inda ya samu matsakaicin maki 4.2 da rebounds 3.1 a kowane wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/international/players/ebuka-izundu-1.html |title=Ebuka Izundu International Stats |website=Basketball-Reference |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A gasar Basketball Champions League, ya buga wa SIG Strasbourg, FMP da EWE Baskets Oldenburg. A bayanan FIBA na gasar 2023–24 tare da Oldenburg, ya samu matsakaicin maki 8.2 da rebounds 3.8 a kowane wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/112-fiba-mens-european-club-competitions-tier-1/208737/players/273236-ebuka-izundu |title=Ebuka Izundu - EWE Baskets Oldenburg |website=FIBA Basketball |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Nasarori == * [[EuroLeague]] Round 23 MVP – 2025–26 * Serbian Cup winner – 2026 * Ya buga [[NBA Summer League]] tare da [[Golden State Warriors]] – 2019 * Ya buga [[Basketball Champions League]] tare da SIG Strasbourg, FMP, EWE Baskets Oldenburg da Galatasaray. * Ya wakilci [[Nigeria national basketball team|Najeriya]] a wasannin neman gurbin [[FIBA Basketball World Cup 2027|Kofin Duniya na FIBA na 2027]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aba-liga.com/news/54633 |title=Ebuka Izundu Commits to Zvezda with New Two-Year Deal |website=ABA League |date=11 April 2026 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Nigeria national basketball team|Tawagar ƙwallon kwando ta Najeriya]] * [[FIBA Basketball World Cup]] * [[EuroLeague]] * [[Basketball Champions League]] * [[NBA Summer League]] == Manazarta == cjfx159dw3n4v0n4n05vvs6gtdz0o5b 0 168730 961533 927728 2026-10-01T19:15:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Devine Eke | full_name = Devine Chukwuemeka Eke | birth_date = {{Birth date|1996|7|29}} | birth_place = Plainfield, New Jersey, U.S. | nationality = Nigerian-American | height_ft = 6 | height_in = 8 | weight_lbs = 205 | position = [[Power forward (basketball)|Power forward]] | high_school = Union Catholic Regional High School | college = [[University of Maine]]<br />[[Rider University]]<br />[[Radford University]] | draft_year = 2020 | career_start = 2021 | years1 = 2021–2022 | team1 = Palencia | years2 = 2022 | team2 = Académica de Coimbra | years3 = 2023 | team3 = Feyenoord | years4 = 2023 | team4 = Amyntas | years5 = 2023–2024 | team5 = Sloboda Tuzla | years6 = 2024 | team6 = [[Rivers Hoopers]] | years7 = 2024 | team7 = [[Santa Cruz Warriors]] | years8 = 2025 | team8 = [[Delaware Blue Coats]] | years9 = 2025 | team9 = [[Mexico City Capitanes]] | years10 = 2025 | team10 = [[San Diego Clippers]] | years11 = 2025– | team11 = [[ASC Ville de Dakar]] | nationalyears1 = 2024– | nationalteam1 = [[Nigeria national basketball team|Nigeria]] | highlights = * All-BAL Second Team (2024) * BAL All-Defensive Second Team (2024) }} '''Devine Chukwuemeka Eke''' (an haife shi ranar 29 ga Yuli 1996) ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando ne ɗan Najeriya da Amurka. Yana taka leda a matsayin ''forward'', kuma tsayinsa ya kai ƙafa 6 da inci 8 (kimanin santimita 203). An haife shi a [[Plainfield, New Jersey]], Amurka, kuma ya yi karatun kwallon kwando a makarantar Union Catholic Regional High School, kafin ya ci gaba da karatu a The Robinson School. Daga baya ya buga kwallon kwando ta jami'a a University of Maine, Rider University da Radford University. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke - Men's Basketball |url=https://radfordathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/eke-devine/6408 |website=Radford University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa ta farko == Eke ya taso ne a Plainfield, New Jersey, inda ya fara taka kwallon kwando a Union Catholic Regional High School. A shekarar ƙarshe ta makarantar sakandare, ya samu matsakaicin maki 17, ''rebounds'' 6 da ''blocks'' 2 a kowane wasa, sannan ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar makarantar wajen lashe kambin gasar yankinsu. Ya kuma kasance yana buga wasan guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle a makarantar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke - Men's Basketball |url=https://radfordathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/eke-devine/6408 |website=Radford University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> Bayan Union Catholic, Eke ya koma The Robinson School da ke New Jersey domin ci gaba da karatunsa. A can ya samu matsakaicin maki 21, ''rebounds'' 10 da ''blocks'' 7 a kowane wasa. Saboda bajintarsa, an zaɓe shi a matsayin Jordan Brand Classic Regional Player, sannan ya samu lambobin yabo na MVP da kuma Defensive Player of the Year a makarantar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke - Men's Basketball |url=https://radfordathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/eke-devine/6408 |website=Radford University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Aikin jami'a == === Maine === Eke ya fara aikin kwallon kwando na jami'a a [[University of Maine]] a kakar 2015–16. A matsayinsa na ɗalibin shekara ta farko, ya buga wasanni 29, ya fara 21 daga cikinsu, kuma ya samu matsakaicin maki 9.9 da ''rebounds'' 6.7 a kowane wasa. Haka kuma ya jagoranci ƙungiyar wajen yawan ''rebounds'', kashi na jefa ƙwallo daga fili da kuma ''blocks'', inda ya samu matsakaicin ''blocks'' 1.6 a kowane wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke College Stats |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/devine-eke-1.html |website=Sports-Reference |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A kakarsa ta farko a Maine, Eke ya jefa kashi 61.2 cikin 100 na ƙwallayen da ya harba daga fili. Kididdigar aikinsa a Maine ta nuna cewa ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu taimakawa ƙungiyar wajen ''rebounds'' da kare kwando kusa da ''rim''. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke College Stats |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/devine-eke-1.html |website=Sports-Reference |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> === Rider === A shekarar 2016, Eke ya koma [[Rider University]] daga Maine. Saboda dokokin NCAA game da canjin jami'a, bai buga kakar 2016–17 ba. Ya dawo filin wasa a kakar 2017–18, inda ya buga wasanni 31, ya fara wasa guda, kuma ya yi ''blocks'' 25, wanda ya kasance mafi yawa a ƙungiyar Rider a waccan kakar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke - Men's Basketball |url=https://radfordathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/eke-devine/6408 |website=Radford University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A kakar 2018–19, wadda ta kasance kakarsa ta ƙarshe a Rider, Eke ya buga wasanni 31, ya samu matsakaicin maki 3.8 da ''rebounds'' 2.6 a kowane wasa. Ya kuma jefa kashi 61.5 cikin 100 na harbinsa daga fili, ya yi ''blocks'' 14 da ''steals'' 25. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke - Men's Basketball |url=https://radfordathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/eke-devine/6408 |website=Radford University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> === Radford === A shekarar 2019 Eke ya koma [[Radford University]] a matsayin ɗalibin da ya sauya jami'a bayan kammala karatun farko. A kakar 2019–20 ya buga wasanni 31, ya fara 14 daga cikinsu, kuma ya jagoranci ƙungiyar da ''rebounds'' 222 da ''blocks'' 26. Ya samu matsakaicin ''rebounds'' 7.2 a kowane wasa sannan ya jefa kashi 60.8 cikin 100 na harbinsa daga fili. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke - Men's Basketball |url=https://radfordathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/eke-devine/6408 |website=Radford University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A gaba ɗaya aikin jami'arsa, Eke ya buga wasanni 122 tsakanin Maine, Rider da Radford. Ya samu jimillar maki 669, ''rebounds'' 556, ''assists'' 74, ''steals'' 79 da ''blocks'' 112. Matsakaicin aikinsa a duk lokacin jami'a ya kasance maki 5.5, ''rebounds'' 4.6 da ''assists'' 0.6 a kowane wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke College Stats |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/devine-eke-1.html |website=Sports-Reference |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Sana'ar ƙwallon kwando == Bayan kammala karatunsa na jami'a a shekarar 2020, Eke ya fara neman damar shiga ƙwallon kwando ta ƙwararru. Barkewar annobar COVID-19 ta shafi farkon ƙoƙarinsa na samun ƙungiyar ƙwararru, amma daga baya ya samu damar shiga ƙungiyoyin NBA domin gwaji kafin ya fara sana'arsa a Turai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UC Graduate Devine Eke Signs to Play Basketball Professionally in Spain |url=https://ucvikings.com/news/2021/7/21/boys-basketball-uc-graduate-devine-eke-signs-to-play-basketball-professionally-in-spain.aspx |website=Union College Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> === Palencia === A shekarar 2021, Eke ya fara sana'arsa ta ƙwallon kwando a Turai bayan ya sanya hannu da Palencia ta Spain. Ƙungiyar tana buga gasar LEB Oro, kuma zuwansa ya kasance mataki na farko na sana'arsa bayan kammala karatunsa a Radford University. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UC Graduate Devine Eke Signs to Play Basketball Professionally in Spain |url=https://ucvikings.com/news/2021/7/21/boys-basketball-uc-graduate-devine-eke-signs-to-play-basketball-professionally-in-spain.aspx |website=Union College Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> === Feyenoord === A watan Janairun 2023, Eke ya koma Netherlands inda ya shiga [[Feyenoord Basketball]]. Ya samu jinkirin fara buga wasa saboda batun izinin aiki, amma daga baya ya fara taka leda a gasar BNXT League. A wasansa na farko da Feyenoord a ranar 6 Maris 2023, ya ci maki 5 a wasan da ƙungiyar ta sha kashi a wajen gida. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke maakt eerste minuten |url=https://www.feyenoordbasketball.nl/2023/03/06/devine-eke-maakt-eerste-minuten/ |website=Feyenoord Basketball |date=6 March 2023 |access-date=11 September 2026}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Rivers Hoopers == A shekarar 2024, Eke ya koma Najeriya domin buga wa [[Rivers Hoopers]] gasar [[Basketball Africa League]] (BAL). Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan ƙungiyar a gasar, inda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimaka wa Rivers Hoopers ta kai matakin ''playoffs''. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rivers Hoopers open 2024 Sahara Conference campaign with hard-fought win over hosts AS Douanes |url=https://bal.nba.com/news/rivers-hoopers-open-2024-sahara-conference-campaign-with-hard-fought-win-over-hosts-as-douanes |website=Basketball Africa League |date=5 May 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A ranar 5 Mayu 2024, a wasan Rivers Hoopers da AS Douanes, Eke ya yi fice sosai inda ya samu ''double-double'' na maki 31 da ''rebounds'' 12. BAL ta bayyana shi a matsayin ɗan wasan da ya fi yin tasiri a wasan, wanda Rivers Hoopers ta ci da ci 77–68. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rivers Hoopers open 2024 Sahara Conference campaign with hard-fought win over hosts AS Douanes |url=https://bal.nba.com/news/rivers-hoopers-open-2024-sahara-conference-campaign-with-hard-fought-win-over-hosts-as-douanes |website=Basketball Africa League |date=5 May 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A ranar 11 Mayu 2024, Rivers Hoopers ta samu gurbin shiga ''playoffs'' bayan ta doke APR da ci 78–71 bayan ƙarin lokaci biyu. Eke ya taimaka sosai a wasan, inda ya samu maki 18 da ''rebounds'' 18, yayin da bugun da ya mayar cikin kwando ya taimaka wajen kai wasan zuwa karin lokaci na farko. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rivers Hoopers clinch playoffs spot in first BAL double-overtime game |url=https://bal.nba.com/news/rivers-hoopers-clinch-playoffs-spot-in-first-bal-double-overtime-game |website=Basketball Africa League |date=11 May 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> Rivers Hoopers ta kammala BAL 2024 a matsayi na uku bayan ta doke Cape Town Tigers da ci 80–57 a wasan neman matsayi na uku. Ƙungiyar ta kammala gasar da tarihin nasara da rashin nasara na 6–4, yayin da Eke da Kelvin Amayo suka haɗa maki 45 a wasan ƙarshe na Rivers Hoopers. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rivers Hoopers finish third at 2024 BAL |url=https://bal.nba.com/news/rivers-hoopers-finish-third-at-2024-bal |website=Basketball Africa League |date=31 May 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> Saboda rawar da ya taka a BAL 2024, an zaɓi Eke cikin '''All-BAL Second Team'''. Haka kuma an saka shi cikin '''BAL All-Defensive Second Team''', abin da ya nuna tasirinsa wajen kai hari da kuma kare kwando. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rivers Hoopers finish third at 2024 BAL |url=https://bal.nba.com/news/rivers-hoopers-finish-third-at-2024-bal |website=Basketball Africa League |date=31 May 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == NBA Summer League == Bayan kyakkyawan aikin da ya yi a BAL 2024, Eke ya samu damar shiga [[NBA Summer League]] tare da [[Milwaukee Bucks]]. Wannan damar ta biyo bayan yadda ya ja hankalin masu neman 'yan wasa a gasar BAL, inda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan Rivers Hoopers. <ref>{{Cite web |title=From BAL to Milwaukee: How Ogwumike sisters inspired Eke |url=https://punchng.com/from-bal-to-milwaukee-how-ogwumike-sisters-inspired-eke/ |website=Punch |date=9 July 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == NBA G League == A ranar 26 Oktoba 2024, [[Santa Cruz Warriors]] ta zaɓi Eke a zagaye na biyu na NBA G League Draft. Ya shiga ƙungiyar ne bayan fitowarsa a BAL da kuma NBA Summer League, yana neman samun damar ci gaba da taka leda a tsarin ƙwallon kwando na Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Santa Cruz Warriors Select Seth Maxwell, Tommy Rutherford, and Devine Eke in the 2024 NBA G League Draft |url=https://santacruz.gleague.nba.com/news/santa-cruz-warriors-select-seth-maxwell-tommy-rutherford-and-devine-eke-in-the-2024-nba-g-league-draft |website=NBA G League |date=26 October 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Aikin ƙasa == Eke ya fara wakiltar [[Nigeria national basketball team|ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta Najeriya]] a shekarar 2024 a gasar neman gurbin shiga [[FIBA AfroBasket 2025]]. A wasan da Najeriya ta yi da Uganda ranar 24 Fabrairu 2024, Eke ya ci maki 19, ya samu ''rebounds'' 6 da ''assists'' 7. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda vs Nigeria - Group Phase - FIBA AfroBasket 2025 Qualifiers |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/fiba-afrobasket-2025-qualifiers/games/119117-UGA-NGR |website=FIBA |date=24 February 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A wasansa na gaba da Cape Verde ranar 25 Fabrairu 2024, Eke ya nuna bajinta sosai inda ya ci maki 31. Wannan ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan wasannin da ya yi wa Najeriya a farkon aikinsa da tawagar ƙasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cape Verde vs Nigeria - Group Phase - FIBA AfroBasket 2025 Qualifiers |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/fiba-afrobasket-2025-qualifiers/games/119121-CPV-NGR |website=FIBA |date=25 February 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Salon wasa == Eke ɗan wasa ne mai tsayin kusan santimita 203 wanda yake taka rawa musamman a matsayin ''power forward''. A lokacin karatunsa na jami'a ya nuna ƙwarewa wajen ''rebounds'', ''blocks'' da jefa ƙwallo daga kusa da kwando. A Radford, ya jagoranci ƙungiyar wajen ''rebounds'' da ''blocks'' a kakar 2019–20. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke - Men's Basketball |url=https://radfordathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/eke-devine/6408 |website=Radford University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A BAL 2024, Eke ya ƙara nuna cewa zai iya yin tasiri a bangarori da dama na wasa. Wasansa na maki 31 da ''rebounds'' 12 da AS Douanes, da kuma maki 18 da ''rebounds'' 18 da APR, sun nuna irin tasirinsa wajen taimaka wa ƙungiyarsa a lokacin manyan wasanni. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rivers Hoopers open 2024 Sahara Conference campaign with hard-fought win over hosts AS Douanes |url=https://bal.nba.com/news/rivers-hoopers-open-2024-sahara-conference-campaign-with-hard-fought-win-over-hosts-as-douanes |website=Basketball Africa League |date=5 May 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rivers Hoopers clinch playoffs spot in first BAL double-overtime game |url=https://bal.nba.com/news/rivers-hoopers-clinch-playoffs-spot-in-first-bal-double-overtime-game |website=Basketball Africa League |date=11 May 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwar kansa == Eke ɗan Charles da Lilian Eke ne. Yana da 'yan'uwa, kuma 'yan wasannin WNBA [[Nneka Ogwumike]] da [[Chiney Ogwumike]] 'yan uwansa ne. A lokacin da yake Radford University, ya yi karatun ''radio and television''. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke - Men's Basketball |url=https://radfordathletics.com/sports/mens-basketball/roster/eke-devine/6408 |website=Radford University Athletics |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Ƙididdigar aikin jami'a == {| class="wikitable" ! Jami'a !! Kakarsa !! Wasanni !! PPG !! RPG !! APG |- | [[University of Maine|Maine]] || 2015–16 || 29 || 9.9 || 6.7 || 0.8 |- | [[Rider University|Rider]] || 2017–18 || 31 || 2.1 || 1.9 || 0.5 |- | [[Rider University|Rider]] || 2018–19 || 31 || 3.8 || 2.6 || 0.5 |- | [[Radford University|Radford]] || 2019–20 || 31 || 6.5 || 7.2 || 0.7 |- | '''Jimilla''' || '''122''' || '''122''' || '''5.5''' || '''4.6''' || '''0.6''' |} Kididdigar Sports-Reference ta nuna cewa Eke ya buga wasanni 122 a aikin jami'arsa, inda ya samu matsakaicin maki 5.5, ''rebounds'' 4.6 da ''assists'' 0.6 a kowane wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devine Eke College Stats |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/devine-eke-1.html |website=Sports-Reference |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Nasarori == * '''All-BAL Second Team''' – 2024 * '''BAL All-Defensive Second Team''' – 2024 * Jordan Brand Classic Regional Player – The Robinson School Bajintar Eke a BAL 2024 ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da suka bayyana shi a matsayin ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando mai tasiri daga Najeriya. Ya taimaka wa Rivers Hoopers wajen samun matsayi na uku a gasar, yayin da shi da kansa aka zaɓe shi cikin All-BAL Second Team da BAL All-Defensive Second Team. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rivers Hoopers finish third at 2024 BAL |url=https://bal.nba.com/news/rivers-hoopers-finish-third-at-2024-bal |website=Basketball Africa League |date=31 May 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Rivers Hoopers]] * [[Basketball Africa League]] * [[Nigeria national basketball team]] * [[FIBA AfroBasket]] * [[NBA G League]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1996 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian men's basketball players]] [[Category:American men's basketball players]] [[Category:Power forwards]] [[Category:Basketball players from New Jersey]] [[Category:People from Plainfield, New Jersey]] [[Category:Maine Black Bears men's basketball players]] [[Category:Rider Broncs men's basketball players]] [[Category:Radford Highlanders men's basketball players]] [[Category:Rivers Hoopers players]] [[Category:Nigeria men's national basketball team players]] [[Category:Basketball Africa League players]] mec75kbi7n22ygb7iqan1ty26wq7vrw 0 168795 961457 927900 2026-10-01T17:13:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961457 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ƙididdigar '''Jagoran Ƙasa''' (SGVs) adadi ne waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin jagorar fasaha mara doka don masu tantancewa da ke gudanar da kimantawar haɗari don sanin ko ana ɗaukar ƙasa "ƙazanta" a ƙarƙashin dokar Burtaniya, wato "ƙasar da ta bayyana... tana cikin irin wannan yanayin, saboda abubuwan da ke cikin, a kan ko a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ana haifar da mummunar lahani ko kuma akwai yiwuwar irin wannan lahani da ake haifar... "<ref>{{Cite web |last=Parliament of the United Kingdom |date=1990 |title=Environmental Protection Act 1990 |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/43#commentary-c13739731 |access-date=10 February 2017}}</ref> Wannan jagorar ta tsara matakai uku a cikin irin wannan kimantawar haɗari: # Binciken inganci na farko ciki har da ci gaban tsarin shafin yanar gizo # Binciken Hadarin Adadin (GQRA) # Cikakken Binciken Hadarin Adadin (DQRA) Ana amfani da ƙimar jagorar ƙasa a mataki na biyu, GQRA, don tantance ko lahani da ya haifar da bayyanar dogon lokaci ga ƙimar ƙasa da aka ba da [[Abubuwan sunadarai|sunadarai]] ''zai iya'' gabatar da haɗari mara kyau ga lafiyar ''ɗan adam'' a wasu yanayin [[Amfani da Ƙasa|Amfani da ƙasa]]. Saboda haka SGVs ƙididdigar ra'ayin mazan jiya ne don wani labari da aka ba su. Nasara ta SGV ba ta tabbatar da cewa akwai "babban yiwuwar mummunar lahani", kawai cewa akwai yiwuwar sabili da haka ana buƙatar ƙarin bayani, bincike na musamman na wuraren gurɓataccen abu, hanyoyi da masu karɓa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jeffries |first=J |date=2009 |title=Using Soil Guideline Values |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/297676/scho0309bpqm-e-e.pdf |access-date=10 February 2017}}</ref> == Rarraba da dangantaka da ka'idojin Bincike na Gaba ɗaya == SGVs ana samo su ne ta hanyar Hukumar Muhalli ta amfani da samfurin CLEA (wanda kuma za'a iya tsara shi ko amfani dashi don DQRA <ref>{{Cite web |last=Environment Agency |title=CLEA Software (Version 1.05) Handbook |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/455747/LIT_10167.pdf |access-date=10 February 2017}}</ref>). Koyaya, babu SGVs masu inganci a halin yanzu don abubuwa masu mahimmanci da na yau da kullun, kamar jan ƙarfe, [[zinc]], gubar ko chromium. Kungiyar da aka ba da izini don samar da waɗannan dabi'u ita ce Hukumar Muhalli, bayan tattaunawa mai zurfi tare da wasu sassan gwamnati. Maimakon irin waɗannan adadi, daidaitattun dabi'u da aka sani da "Generic Assessment Criteria" (GAC) na iya lissafin kowane mutum ko ƙungiya, farawa daga guba da bayanan da suka dace kuma ta amfani da samfurin CLEA, kamar yadda Hukumar Muhalli ke lissafin SGVs. SGVs a zahiri GAC ne da aka samo kuma aka buga ta hukumar muhalli. Misali, an lissafa kewayon GACs don sunadarai masu rikitarwa kuma an samar da su a fili ta hanyar sadaka [[CL:AIRE]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=CL:AIRE |date=2010 |title=Soil Generic Assessment Criteria for Human Health Risk Assessment |url=http://www.claire.co.uk/component/phocadownload/category/8-initiatives?download=44:gac-report-6-12-09b |access-date=10 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211080630/http://www.claire.co.uk/component/phocadownload/category/8-initiatives?download=44:gac-report-6-12-09b |archive-date=11 February 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> tare da shigarwa daga kewayon tushe masu iko ciki har da Hukumar Muhalli. Wannan ya ce, GACs ba koyaushe ana buga su a bayyane ba, saboda samun su al'amari ne mai rikitarwa kuma ta haka ne waɗannan dabi'u suna riƙe da darajar kasuwanci ga masu ba da shawara waɗanda suka gudanar da irin wannan lissafi. == Yanayi da kuma tunanin da aka samo asali == Akwai yanayi uku na amfani da ƙasa wanda aka buga SGVs, kuma yawancin abubuwan da aka samo daga GACs suma suna bin waɗannan abubuwan: <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jeffries & Martin |date=2009 |title=Updated technical background to the CLEA model |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/291014/scho0508bnqw-e-e.pdf |access-date=10 February 2017}}</ref> * wuri mai zama, tare da ƙaramin gida mai hawa biyu inda mai karɓar gurɓataccen "mai mahimmanci" shine yarinya mai shekaru zero zuwa shida, yana ciyar da mafi yawan lokutan su a cikin ko kusa da gida * wani allotment kunshi bude sarari inda za'a iya shuka kayan lambu, tare da wannan mai karɓa mai mahimmanci * ofishin kasuwanci mai hawa uku inda mai karɓar mahimmanci shine mace mai aiki mai shekaru 16-65 kuma an fallasa shi don rayuwar aiki na shekaru 49 na awanni 45 a kowane mako. SGVs da GACs da aka samo daga waɗannan abubuwan za a iya amfani da su ne kawai idan abubuwan da suka faru sun shafi daidai ko kuma in ba haka ba an nuna a sarari cewa abubuwan da suka fi ra'ayin mazan jiya fiye da halin da ake ciki na duniya. Misali, a cikin yanayin filin wasa, ana iya jayayya cewa yanayin zama ya dace da ra'ayin mazan jiya: * mai karɓar mai mahimmanci (don filin wasa) mai yiwuwa ya tsufa (fiye da na yanayin zama) saboda haka tare da nauyin jiki mafi girma kuma watakila ba zai iya cinye ƙasa kai tsaye ba * lokutan bayyanar a filin wasa zai kasance ƙasa da na wurin zama * da ake zaton babu wani gini zai iya rage yiwuwar tururi da ƙura tarawa * ba zai yiwu a shuka kayan lambu a filin wasa ba * duk hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su ana la'akari da su a cikin yanayin zama == Dubi kuma == == Manazarta == q07mmlairol7wj2y18aeieqdbpj92wg 0 168817 961775 927963 2026-10-02T07:10:57Z BnHamid 12586 961775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Azeez Sulaimon''' (wanda wasu majiyoyi suka rubuta sunansa da '''Sulaimon Azeez Olaitan''') ɗan wasan [[kwallon kwando]] ne ɗan Najeriya. Ya wakilci Najeriya a matakin matasa, musamman a tawagar 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18 ([[U-18]]) ta Najeriya a shekarar 2024. Ya kuma kasance cikin tawagar Najeriya da ta fafata a wasannin neman gurbin shiga gasar FIBA U18 AfroBasket a Afirka ta Yamma. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nigeria’s U-18 basketball teams begin battle in Abidjan |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/nigerias-u-18-basketball-teams-begin-battle-in-abidjan/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=31 July 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Farkon aikinsa == Sulaimon ya fara samun karbuwa ne a cikin tsarin bunkasa wasan kwando na matasa a Najeriya. A shekarar 2024, an zaɓe shi cikin tawagar Najeriya ta maza 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18 da ta shiga gasar neman gurbin zuwa matakin Afirka. Tawagar ta kunshi 'yan wasa daga sassa daban-daban na Najeriya, kuma shirin ya kasance wani ɓangare na ƙoƙarin [[Nigeria Basketball Federation]] na samar da sababbin 'yan wasa da za su iya wakiltar ƙasar a nan gaba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nigeria’s U-18 basketball teams begin battle in Abidjan |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/nigerias-u-18-basketball-teams-begin-battle-in-abidjan/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=31 July 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2024, Sulaimon yana cikin tawagar Najeriya da ta je [[Abidjan]], [[Côte d'Ivoire]], domin buga wasannin neman gurbin shiga gasar FIBA Africa U18. Tawagar ta samu damar samun tikitin shiga gasar U18 AfroBasket da aka shirya gudanarwa a [[Pretoria]], [[South Africa]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nigeria’s U-18 basketball teams begin battle in Abidjan |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/nigerias-u-18-basketball-teams-begin-battle-in-abidjan/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=31 July 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == FIBA U18 AfroBasket 2024 == Bayan nasarar samun gurbin shiga gasar neman gurbin, Sulaimon ya kasance cikin 'yan wasa 12 na tawagar Najeriya da ta tafi Afirka ta Kudu domin buga [[2024 FIBA Under-18 AfroBasket|FIBA U18 AfroBasket]] a shekarar 2024. Rahoton ''The Guardian Nigeria'' ya tabbatar da sunansa a cikin tawagar da ta tafi Pretoria tare da wasu 'yan wasa kamar Jovan Chiebuka Ojiako, Ibrahim Daubuna-Chule da Favour Komene Kpee. <ref>{{cite web |title=Despite neglect, Nigeria’s U-18 basketball teams depart for S’Africa |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/despite-neglect-nigerias-u-18-basketball-teams-depart-for-safrica/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=29 August 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> Tawagar Najeriya ta samu matsaloli kafin gasar saboda jinkirin samun takardun izinin shiga Afirka ta Kudu. Tawagar ta samu izinin shiga ne daga baya, amma jinkirin ya sa 'yan wasan suka isa Pretoria a lokacin da ya rage kaɗan kafin fara wasanninsu. Duk da wannan matsala, tawagar ta shiga gasar a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wakilan Afirka ta Yamma. <ref>{{cite web |title=At last, South African embassy grants Junior D’Tigers entry visas |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/at-last-south-african-embassy-grants-junior-dtigers-entry-visas/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=4 September 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> A gasar U18 AfroBasket ta 2024, Najeriya ta samu damar zuwa matakin kwata-fainal. Wannan ya kasance wani ci gaba ga ƙungiyar J'Tigers, wadda ta fafata da wasu daga cikin manyan tawagogin matasa na Afirka. A wasan kwata-fainal, Najeriya ta sha kashi a hannun [[Mali]] da ci 81–70, lamarin da ya kawo ƙarshen burinta na zuwa matakin kusa da na ƙarshe. <ref>{{cite web |title=U-18 Afrobasket: J’Tigers bow out in quarterfinals, J’Tigress advance |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/u-18-afrobasket-jtigers-bow-out-in-quarterfinals-jtigress-advance/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=13 September 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Matsayinsa a wasan kwando == Sulaimon ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin matasan 'yan wasan Najeriya da aka haɓaka domin samun kwarewa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. Shigarsa cikin tawagar U18 ta Najeriya ya ba shi damar fuskantar 'yan wasa daga wasu ƙasashen Afirka da kuma samun gogewa a gasar da ke da muhimmanci wajen gano 'yan wasan da za su iya shiga manyan tawagogin ƙasa nan gaba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nigeria’s U-18 basketball teams begin battle in Abidjan |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/nigerias-u-18-basketball-teams-begin-battle-in-abidjan/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=31 July 2024 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> Ci gaban Sulaimon ya kasance wani ɓangare na shirin bunkasa matasan wasan kwando na Najeriya. Hukumar NBBF ta bayyana shirye-shiryen matasa a matsayin wata hanya ta gano da horar da sababbin 'yan wasa domin su zama tushen tawagogin Najeriya na gaba. <ref>{{cite web |title=FIBA Africa Youth Championships: NBBF opens camps in Benin, Lagos, Abuja |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/fiba-africa-youth-championships-nbbf-opens-camps-in-benin-lagos-abuja/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=5 June 2026 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Zuwa tawagar manya == A watan Fabrairun 2025, an saka sunan Sulaimon cikin jerin 'yan wasa 24 da [[Nigeria Basketball Federation|NBBF]] ta zaɓa domin sansanin shirye-shiryen [[D'Tigers]] gabanin wasannin neman gurbin shiga [[2025 FIBA AfroBasket]]. A lokacin an bayyana shi a matsayin ɗan wasan [[Hoops & Reads]] na Najeriya. <ref>{{cite web |title=AfroBasket: NBBF picks 24 for D’Tigers preliminary roster ahead third qualifying window |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/other/afrobasket-nbbf-picks-24-for-dtigers-preliminary-roster-ahead-third-qualifying-window/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=10 February 2025 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> Shigar Sulaimon cikin jerin 'yan wasan da aka zaɓa domin shirye-shiryen D'Tigers ya nuna ci gaban da ya samu daga matakin U18 zuwa tsarin tawagar manyan 'yan wasan Najeriya. A cikin jerin 'yan wasan akwai wasu daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan Najeriya na gida da na ƙasashen waje, ciki har da Zaid Hearst, Okiki Michael, Patrick Abah da Abel Offia. <ref>{{cite web |title=AfroBasket: NBBF picks 24 for D’Tigers preliminary roster ahead third qualifying window |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/other/afrobasket-nbbf-picks-24-for-dtigers-preliminary-roster-ahead-third-qualifying-window/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=10 February 2025 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Wasansa a Faransa == A watan Mayun 2025, tsohon ɗan wasan NBA kuma mai kula da shirye-shiryen matasa, [[Olumide Oyedeji]], ya bayyana Sulaimon a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin matasan 'yan wasan Najeriya da suka amfana daga shirye-shiryen bunkasa wasan kwando. Oyedeji ya ce Sulaimon, wanda ya kasance ɗan tawagar matasan Najeriya, yana taka leda a [[Faransa]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=Oyedeji’s Rising Stars Basketball Championship set for July |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/oyedejis-rising-stars-basketball-championship-set-for-july/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=23 May 2025 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> Wasansa a Faransa ya ƙara ba shi damar samun kwarewa a wajen Najeriya bayan ya fito daga tsarin kwando na matasa na ƙasar. Shigarsa cikin shirye-shiryen matasa da kuma buga wasa a Turai ya kasance wani ɓangare na ci gabansa a matsayin matashin ɗan wasan kwando na Najeriya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Oyedeji’s Rising Stars Basketball Championship set for July |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/oyedejis-rising-stars-basketball-championship-set-for-july/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=23 May 2025 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Muhimmancin ci gabansa == Sulaimon yana cikin matasan 'yan wasan kwando na Najeriya waɗanda aka fara ba su damar wakiltar ƙasar tun suna ƙanana. Wakilcinsa a gasar U18 ta Afirka da kuma shigar da sunansa cikin jerin shirye-shiryen D'Tigers sun nuna hanyar ci gaba daga matakin matasa zuwa babban matakin ƙasa. <ref>{{cite web |title=AfroBasket: NBBF picks 24 for D’Tigers preliminary roster ahead third qualifying window |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/other/afrobasket-nbbf-picks-24-for-dtigers-preliminary-roster-ahead-third-qualifying-window/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=10 February 2025 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> Ci gaban matasa kamar Sulaimon yana da muhimmanci ga makomar wasan kwando a Najeriya, saboda NBBF na ci gaba da samar da sansanonin zaɓe da horo domin gano 'yan wasa daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasar da kuma daga 'yan Najeriya da ke wasa a ƙasashen waje. <ref>{{cite web |title=FIBA Africa Youth Championships: NBBF opens camps in Benin, Lagos, Abuja |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/fiba-africa-youth-championships-nbbf-opens-camps-in-benin-lagos-abuja/ |website=The Guardian Nigeria |date=5 June 2026 |access-date=11 September 2026}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 7bwbpq4qij9guldeflzd2rp062sv6gz 0 168870 961625 928118 2026-10-01T23:54:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Ebi Ere | image = | caption = | full_name = Ebikekeme Hasain Fere Ere | birth_date = 2 August 1981 | birth_place = Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States | nationality = American-Nigerian | height = 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) | weight = 212 lb (96 kg) | position = Shooting guard / Small forward | high_school = McLain High School | college = Barton Community College; [[University of Oklahoma]] | draft_year = 2003 | career_start = 2003 | career_end = 2018 | national_team = Nigeria }} '''Ebikekeme Hasain Fere "Ebi" Ere''' (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga Agusta 1981) tsohon ɗan wasan [[ƙwallon kwando]] ne Ba'amurke-Najeriya. Ya taka leda a matsayin ''shooting guard'' da ''small forward'', kuma ya yi doguwar sana'a a ƙasashe da dama ciki har da Australia, Belgium, Italiya, Spain, Puerto Rico da Faransa. Haka kuma ya wakilci [[Najeriya]] a manyan gasannin ƙasa da ƙasa, ciki har da [[2006 FIBA World Championship|Gas ar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIBA ta 2006]] da [[2016 Summer Olympics|Wasannin Olympics na 2016]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/320-mens-olympic-basketball-tournament/6327/players/152687-ebi-ere |website=FIBA}}</ref> == Rayuwa da karatu == An haifi Ebi Ere a Tulsa, Oklahoma, Amurka, a ranar 2 ga Agusta 1981. Ya halarci McLain High School da ke Tulsa, sannan ya buga wasan ƙwallon kwando na kwalejin ''junior college'' na tsawon shekaru biyu a Barton Community College daga 1999 zuwa 2001. Daga baya ya koma [[University of Oklahoma]], inda ya buga wa Oklahoma Sooners wasa daga 2001 zuwa 2003.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere Stats |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/ebi-ere-1.html |website=Sports-Reference}}</ref> A Oklahoma, Ere ya buga wasanni 70 kuma ya samu matsakaicin maki 13.7 da rebounds 5.3 a kowane wasa. Shi da abokin wasansa Hollis Price sun taimaka wa Oklahoma Sooners kaiwa matakin ''Final Four'' na gasar NCAA a shekarar 2002. Oklahoma ta kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, inda Indiana Hoosiers ta doke ta.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere College Stats |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/ebi-ere-1.html |website=Sports-Reference}}</ref> A shekarar 2002, Ere ya samu lambar yabo ta ''Big 12 Newcomer of the Year'' bayan kakarsa ta farko da Oklahoma. Wannan ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan lambobin yabo da ya samu a matakin jami'a kafin ya koma buga ƙwallon kwando na ƙwararru.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere Stats |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/ebi-ere-1.html |website=Sports-Reference}}</ref> == Sana'ar ƙwallon kwando == Ere ya fara sana'ar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙwararru a Australia tare da [[Sydney Kings]] a kakar 2003–04 ta [[National Basketball League (Australia)|National Basketball League]] (NBL). A wasanni 40, ya samu matsakaicin maki 19.6, rebounds 5.7, assists 1.6 da steals 1.2 a kowane wasa. Ya taimaka wa Sydney Kings lashe gasar NBL, abin da ya zama kambunsa na farko a gasar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Brisbane Bullets 2007 championship legends |url=https://www.basketball.com.au/news/where-are-they-now-2007-brisbane-bullets-nbl-championship-winning-team |website=Basketball.com.au}}</ref> A shekarar 2005, Ere ya koma Amurka domin buga wa Oklahoma Storm a United States Basketball League (USBL). Ya buga wasanni 23, inda ya samu matsakaicin maki 18.7 da rebounds 4.1 a kowane wasa, sannan aka zaɓe shi cikin ''All-USBL First Team''. Bayan haka ya koma Belgium domin buga wa Liège Basket a kakar 2005–06.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/international/players/ebi-ere-1.html |website=Basketball-Reference}}</ref> A shekarar 2006, Ere ya koma Australia inda ya shiga [[Brisbane Bullets]]. A kakar 2006–07, ya samu matsakaicin maki 17.3, rebounds 4.9 da assists 2.3 a kowane wasa. Brisbane ta lashe gasar NBL bayan ta doke Melbourne Tigers da ci 3–1 a jerin wasan ƙarshe, inda Ere ya zama zakaran NBL karo na biyu a aikinsa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Brisbane Bullets 2007 championship legends |url=https://www.basketball.com.au/news/where-are-they-now-2007-brisbane-bullets-nbl-championship-winning-team |website=Basketball.com.au}}</ref> A kakar 2007–08, Ere ya samu ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun lokuta a aikinsa. Ya samu matsakaicin maki 26.0, rebounds 6.0 da assists 2.1 a kowane wasa, kuma ya zama wanda ya fi kowa zura maki a gasar NBL. Haka kuma an zaɓe shi cikin ''All-NBL First Team''.<ref>{{cite web |title=2007–08 NBL season |url=https://www.basketball.com.au/ |website=Basketball Australia}}</ref> A wannan kakar, Ere ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan makaman Brisbane Bullets wajen kai hari. A wani wasan da Bullets ta doke Sydney Kings da ci 91–84, Ere ya zura maki 22, yayin da a wasan na biyu na jerin wasan kusa da na ƙarshe ya zura maki 23, inda Brisbane ta samu damar shiga Grand Final.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bullets pressure too much for Kings |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2007-02-20/bullets-pressure-too-much-for-kings/2199562 |website=ABC News}}</ref> Bayan kakar 2007–08, Ere ya koma [[Melbourne Tigers]] a kakar 2008–09. Ya sake samun matsayi a ''All-NBL First Team'' kuma ya taimaka wa Melbourne kaiwa Grand Final. Wannan ya kasance karo na biyu a jere da aka zaɓe shi cikin ''All-NBL First Team''.<ref>{{cite web |title=The continuing story of Ebi Ere |url=https://www.nbl.com.au/featured-news/the-continuing-story-of-ebi-ere/ |website=National Basketball League |access-date=2026-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125210130/https://nbl.com.au/featured-news/the-continuing-story-of-ebi-ere/ |archive-date=2021-01-25 |url-status=dead}}</ref> A shekarar 2009, Ere ya koma Turai inda ya buga wa Pepsi Caserta a gasar Serie A ta Italiya. Ya kasance tare da ƙungiyar daga 2009 zuwa 2011, inda ya kuma samu damar taka leda a gasar EuroCup.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/international/players/ebi-ere-1.html |website=Basketball-Reference}}</ref> A shekarar 2011, Ere ya koma Spain inda ya shiga Obradoiro CAB a gasar Liga ACB. Ya buga wa ƙungiyar wasa a kakar 2011–12, kafin ya koma Italiya a shekarar 2012 domin buga wa Cimberio Varese. A Varese ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasan ƙungiyar, inda ya ci gaba da taka leda har zuwa 2014.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere |url=https://www.acb.com/jugador/ver/20209857-Ebi-Ere |website=ACB}}</ref> A shekarar 2014, Ere ya buga wa Caciques de Humacao a Puerto Rico kafin ya koma Faransa domin buga wa Élan Béarnais Pau-Orthez. A shekarar 2015 ya sake komawa Puerto Rico tare da Vaqueros de Bayamón, sannan a kakar 2015–16 ya koma Australia domin buga wa Adelaide 36ers.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/international/players/ebi-ere-1.html |website=Basketball-Reference}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, Ere ya buga wa Capitanes de Arecibo a Puerto Rico sannan ya koma Faransa domin buga wa SLUC Nancy a kakar 2016–17. A shekarar 2018 ya buga wa Defensor Sporting Club a Uruguay, wanda yana daga cikin ƙungiyoyin ƙarshe da ya wakilta kafin ya kawo ƙarshen aikinsa na ƙwallon kwando.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/international/players/ebi-ere-1.html |website=Basketball-Reference}}</ref> == Tawagar ƙasar Najeriya == Duk da cewa an haife shi a Amurka, Ere ya wakilci [[Najeriya]] a matakin ƙasa. Ya kasance cikin tawagar D'Tigers da ta halarci [[2006 FIBA World Championship]] a Japan. A gasar, ya buga wasanni shida kuma ya samu jimillar maki 67, wato matsakaicin maki 11.2 a kowane wasa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere — 2006 FIBA World Championship |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/201-fiba-basketball-world-cup/2941/players/152687-ebi-ere |website=FIBA}}</ref> A gasar FIBA ta 2006, Ere ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu zura maki na Najeriya. Ya zura maki 15 a wasan da Serbia da Montenegro, maki 13 a wasan da Venezuela, sannan ya samu maki 19 a wasan da Lebanon. A wasan da Lebanon, ya kuma jefa uku daga cikin kwallayen maki uku da ya gwada.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere — 2006 FIBA World Championship |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/201-fiba-basketball-world-cup/2941/players/152687-ebi-ere |website=FIBA}}</ref> A shekarar 2009, Ere ya sake wakiltar Najeriya a gasar FIBA Africa Championship. Ya buga wasanni bakwai, inda ya samu matsakaicin maki 11.3 a kowane wasa. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu kai wa Najeriya maki a gasar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere — FIBA Africa Championship |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/179-fiba-afrobasket/3360/players/152687-ebi-ere |website=FIBA}}</ref> Ere ya kuma wakilci Najeriya a [[2016 Summer Olympics|Wasannin Olympics na 2016]] da aka gudanar a Rio de Janeiro. A wasanni biyar, ya samu matsakaicin maki 7.0, rebounds 1.8 da assists 2.4 a kowane wasa, tare da jimillar maki 35, rebounds 9 da assists 12.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere — 2016 Men's Olympic Basketball Tournament |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/320-mens-olympic-basketball-tournament/6327/players/152687-ebi-ere |website=FIBA}}</ref> A wasan Olympics da Argentina a ranar 8 ga Agusta 2016, Ere ya zura maki 14 daga cikin mintuna 29 da ya buga. Ya kuma samu rebounds uku da assist ɗaya. A wasan da Croatia kuwa, ya sake zura maki 14, tare da rebounds huɗu da assists shida, inda ya samu ƙimar wasa ta 21, wadda ita ce mafi girma a wasanninsa biyar na gasar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere — 2016 Men's Olympic Basketball Tournament |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/320-mens-olympic-basketball-tournament/6327/players/152687-ebi-ere |website=FIBA}}</ref> == Nasarori == Ere ya lashe gasar NBL ta Australia sau biyu, tare da Sydney Kings a shekarar 2004 da Brisbane Bullets a shekarar 2007. A shekarar 2004 an zaɓe shi cikin ''All-NBL Second Team'', yayin da a 2008 da 2009 aka zaɓe shi cikin ''All-NBL First Team'' sau biyu a jere.<ref>{{cite web |title=Brisbane Bullets 2007 championship legends |url=https://www.basketball.com.au/news/where-are-they-now-2007-brisbane-bullets-nbl-championship-winning-team |website=Basketball.com.au}}</ref> A kakar 2007–08, Ere ya zama wanda ya fi kowa zura maki a NBL, bayan da ya samu matsakaicin maki 26.0 a kowane wasa. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman matsakaicin makinsa a lokacin da yake buga gasar NBL, kuma ya tabbatar da matsayinsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu zura kwallo a gasar a wancan lokacin.<ref>{{cite web |title=2007–08 NBL season |url=https://www.basketball.com.au/ |website=Basketball Australia}}</ref> == Kungiyoyin da ya wakilta == * 2003–2004 — [[Sydney Kings]] * 2005 — Oklahoma Storm * 2005–2006 — Liège Basket * 2006–2008 — [[Brisbane Bullets]] * 2007–2009 — Gigantes de Carolina * 2008–2009 — [[Melbourne Tigers]] * 2009–2011 — Pepsi Caserta * 2011–2012 — Obradoiro CAB * 2012–2014 — Cimberio Varese * 2014 — Caciques de Humacao * 2014–2015 — Élan Béarnais Pau-Orthez * 2015 — Vaqueros de Bayamón * 2015–2016 — [[Adelaide 36ers]] * 2016 — Capitanes de Arecibo * 2016–2017 — SLUC Nancy * 2018 — Defensor Sporting Club.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebi Ere |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/international/players/ebi-ere-1.html |website=Basketball-Reference}}</ref> == Duba da ƙari == * [[Tawagar ƙwallon kwando ta Najeriya]] * [[National Basketball League (Australia)]] * [[2016 Summer Olympics]] * [[2006 FIBA World Championship]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 584pf7uaj0e5oedkab6cf5n3qqwqxf3 0 169214 961824 929162 2026-10-02T09:03:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961824 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Flaviano Antonio Lopez Villanueva''' <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2025 |title=Legacy of faith in action: Fr. Flavie Villanueva is PH’s recipient of 2025 Ramon Magsaysay Award |url=https://rcam.org/legacy-of-faith-in-action-fr-flavie-villanueva-is-phs-recipient-of-2025-ramon-magsaysay-award/ |access-date=24 February 2026 |publisher=Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250831081251/https://rcam.org/legacy-of-faith-in-action-fr-flavie-villanueva-is-phs-recipient-of-2025-ramon-magsaysay-award/ |archive-date=31 August 2025 |url-status=dead}}</ref> firist ne na [[Cocin katolika|Roman Katolika]] na Filipino kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam wanda aka fi sani da aikinsa da ya shafi yakin tsohon shugaban kasar Rodrigo Duterte kan kwayoyi a [[Filipin|Philippines]] . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Flavie Villanueva a ranar 17 ga watan Disamba, 1970, kuma tsohon mai shan miyagun ƙwayoyi ne.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hizon |first=Manuel |date=19 November 2025 |title=Fr. Flaviano Villanueva's Journey from Drug Abuse to Healing the Addicted |url=https://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/fr-flaviano-villanuevas-journey-from-drug-abuse-to-healing-the-addicted |access-date=24 February 2026 |website=Positively Filipino}}</ref> A cewar nasa asusun, ya fara amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a matsayin matashi mai shekaru 14 a Manila.<ref name="tatler">{{Cite web |last=Inocencio |first=Syrah Vivien |date=10 October 2025 |title=How one priest is restoring dignity to the shunned and the forgotten victims of the Philippine drug war |url=https://www.tatlerasia.com/power-purpose/impact/ramon-magsaysay-award-flavie-villanueva-drug-war |access-date=24 February 2026 |publisher=Tatler Asia}}</ref> Ya kuma fara shan sigari a matsayin dalibi na makarantar sakandare kuma har yanzu ya zama mai yin iyo a aji na shida. A makarantar sakandare, ya yi amfani da barasa, Nitrazepam da wiwi tare da abokansa kuma ya gudanar da ɓoye ayyukansa daga iyalinsa. Daga baya ya yi aiki a bangaren kamfanoni. A shekara ta 1994, ya tafi wani wuri mai zaman kansa a Munting Bukal a Tagaytay yana neman murmurewa daga yanayinsa.<ref name="tatler" /> == Ma'aikatar da gwagwarmaya == A Ranar Matasa ta Duniya ta 1995, Villanueva ya yi aiki a matsayin jagora ga wakilin Kanada kuma ya fahimci aikinsa shine ya zama "mai sadarwa" na bangaskiyarsa. Villanueva ya fara aikin sa kai kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai wa'azi a Mindanao da Bicol . Ya shiga makarantar sakandare a shekarar 1998 kuma an naɗa shi a shekara ta 2006 tare da Society of the Divine Word a Cibiyar Nazarin Magana ta Allah a Tagaytay . <ref name="starting" /> Ya yi wa'azi na ɗan lokaci a [[Timor-Leste|Timor ta Gabas]].<ref name="starting" /> [[File:Northbay_Boulevard_South_Kaunlaran_Navotas_(Metro_Manila;_2023-08-16)_E911a_43.jpg|left|thumb|Villanueva (dama) tare da motar jana'izar Jemboy Baltazar wanda ya mutu saboda gazawar aikin 'yan sanda a 2023.]] A ranar 16 ga Yuli, 2015, Villanueva ta kafa Cibiyar Arnold Janssen Kalinga a Tayuman, Manila don kula da marasa gida da sauran mambobin kungiyoyin da aka ware. Cibiyar Kalinga tare da hadin gwiwar Ma'aikatar Ilimi tana ba da ilimi ta hanyar Sabon Tsarin Ilimi. An ƙaddamar da aikin Paghilom (transl. ) a cikin 2016 don mayar da martani ga yakin Shugaba Rodrigo Duterte kan kwayoyi kuma ya ba da tallafi ga iyalai da aka kashe ta hanyar kisan kai saboda ana zargin su da masu amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi. ''Dambana ng Paghilom'' (transl. shrine of waring) shi ne Kabari na La Loma a Caloocan an gina shi ne don tunawa da wadanda aka kashe.<ref name="tatler" /> A cikin 2019, Villanueva ya bayyana cewa ya sami barazanar kisa saboda zargin da ya yi game da yakin neman zabe na Duterte kan kwayoyi. [[File:2nd_Trillion_Peso_March_at_White_Plains_in_Nov_2025_28.jpg|thumb|Villanueva yana magana a lokacin Maris na biyu na Trillion Peso a People Power Monument .]] In 2020, Villanueva along with nine others were charged with sedition by the Duterte administration for allegedly involved in the spreading of the ''Ang Totoong Narcolist'' videos which claims that Duterte himself and his associates of being involved in the illegal drug trade. The charges was dropped on September 6, 2023, due to lack of evidence. Bayan gwamnatin Duterte ya ci gaba da aikinsa. Ya bayyana a cikin binciken kwamitin Blue Ribbon na Majalisar Dattijai game da yakin miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin 2024. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2025, Villanueva na daga cikin masu korafin da ake yi wa Mataimakin Shugaban kasa Sara Duterte. == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == A cikin 2021, an ba Villanueva lambar yabo ta Tulip ta 'Yancin Dan Adam daga gwamnatin Holland saboda aikinsa da ke da alaƙa da shirin Paghilom . A shekara ta 2025, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Ramon Magsaysay . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] rc7y052thxoj7dcht8qklroouwrvkxq 0 169228 961545 929189 2026-10-01T19:55:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961545 wikitext text/x-wiki Farfesa '''Diogo José Brochado de Abreu''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1947, Alguber) masanin ilimin ƙasa ne na Portugal. Bayan karatunsa na asali da na sakandare a Colégio Militar, ya kammala karatu a fannin ilimin ƙasa a 1978 a Faculty of Humanities na Jami'ar Lisbon, inda ya kuma dauki digiri na biyu a fannin ilmin ƙasa a shekarar 1989. <ref name="CEG">{{Cite web |date=2009-05-11 |title=Diogo José Brochado de Abreu |url=http://www.ceg.ul.pt/investigadores.asp?id=11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226212639/http://www.ceg.ul.pt/investigadores.asp?id=11 |archive-date=2009-02-26 |access-date=2009-06-17 |website=Centro de Estudos Geográficos da Universidade de Lisboa}}</ref> An san shi da bincike, koyarwa da ayyukan shawarwari, <ref name="rebides">{{Cite web |year=2001 |title=Lista de Pessoal Docente ao abrigo do Decreto-Lei n.º 15/96, de 6 de Março |url=http://www.rebides.oces.mctes.pt/Rebides01/rebid_m3.asp?CodD=1398&CodP=0704 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007191450/http://www.rebides.oces.mctes.pt/Rebides01/rebid_m3.asp?CodD=1398&CodP=0704 |archive-date=2011-10-07 |access-date=2009-06-17}}</ref> ban da kasancewa Shugaban Ƙungiyar Speleological ta Portugal. A halin yanzu shi ne Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi na Jami'ar Lisbon . <ref>{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=Mensagem do Director |url=http://www.ceg.ul.pt/apresentacao.asp?id=1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226212606/http://www.ceg.ul.pt/apresentacao.asp?id=1 |archive-date=2009-02-26 |access-date=2009-06-17 |website=Centro de Estudos Geográficos}}</ref> 26 daga cikin wallafe-wallafen ilimi an jera su a shafin yanar gizon Jami'ar Lisbon.<ref name="CEG" /> == cancanta == * 2006 - Ƙara a cikin Geography, Jami'ar Lisbon * 1989 - Dokta a fannin ilimin ɗan adam, Kwalejin Lissafi, Jami'ar Lisbon * 1978 - Lasisi a fannin ilimin ƙasa, Kwalejin Lissafi, Jami'ar Lisbon == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.fpe-espeleo.org/ FPE - Gidan yanar gizon Fédération Portuguesa de Espeleologia (Fédération Speleologique Portuguesa)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240604082300/http://www.ceg.ul.pt/ Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi ta Jami'ar Lisbon] {{DEFAULTSORT:Abreu, Diogo}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1947]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1mary006h9pfkdv2d4gw4yo1b1xl4cd 0 169233 961472 929194 2026-10-01T17:43:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961472 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>  David A. Hubbard, Jr masanin ilimin halittu ne na Amurka kuma masanin ilimin ƙasa na karst, yana bincikawa da rubuce-rubuce na wuraren da ke kewaye da [[Virginia]] da [[Maryland]]. Ya wallafa a kan abubuwan da suka faru na koguna, musamman ta 'yan asalin Virginia, da kuma amfani da koguna ta mutane a cikin shekaru 10,500 da suka gabata.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hubbard |first=David A. |last2=Barber |first2=Michael B. |date=December 1997 |title=VIRGINIA BURIAL CAVES: AN INVENTORY OF A DESECRATED RESOURCE |url=https://caves.org/pub/journal/PDF/V59/V59N3-Hubbard.pdf |journal=Journal of Cave and Karst Studies |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=154–159 |access-date=January 30, 2019}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barber |first=Michael B. |last2=Hubbard |first2=David A. |date=December 1997 |title=OVERVIEW OF THE HUMAN USE OF CAVES IN VIRGINIA: A 10,500 YEAR HISTORY |url=http://caves.org/pub/journal/PDF/V59/V59N3-Barber.pdf |journal=Journal of Cave and Karst Studies |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=132–136 |access-date=January 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116232857/https://caves.org/pub/journal/PDF/V59/V59N3-Barber.pdf |archive-date=January 16, 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> A shekara ta 1997, ya gano millipede ''Pseudotremia hubbardi'' . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shear |first=William A. |date=2011 |title=Cave millipeds of the United States. X. New species and records of the genus Pseudotremia Cope. 2.Species from Virginia, USA (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Cleidogonidae) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288349235 |journal=Zootaxa |volume=3109 |page=1 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3109.1.1 |access-date=January 30, 2019}}</ref> A shekara ta 2009, ya gano Stygobromus ''Hubbardi'', wani amphipod crustacean kamar yadda JR Holsinger ya bayyana. == Jerin nau'o'in == * ''Pseudotremia hubbardi'' * ''Stygobromus hubbardi'' * ''Arrhopalites hubbardi'' <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zeppelini |first=Douglas. |last2=Christiansen |first2=Kenneth |date=April 2003 |title=ARRHOPALITES (COLLEMBOLA: ARRHOPALITIDAE) IN U.S. CAVES WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF SEVEN NEW SPECIES |url=https://caves.org/pub/journal/PDF/V65/v65n1-Zeppelini.pdf |journal=Journal of Cave and Karst Studies |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=37 |access-date=January 30, 2019}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * ''Sinodytes hubbardi'' <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Spangler |first=Paul J. |date=March 1996 |title=ARRHOPALITES (COLLEMBOLA: ARRHOPALITIDAE) IN U.S. CAVES WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF SEVEN NEW SPECIES |url=http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context=insectamundi |journal=Insecta Mundi |volume=23 |pages=244–245 |access-date=January 30, 2019}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}}<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.virginiaplaces.org/population/burialcave.html Kabari a Virginia] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 2ci28hsd6c4oz8k8s8rp4ffp52wuecw 0 169372 961826 932354 2026-10-02T09:05:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961826 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{databox}}Flawa foda ce da ake amfani da ita don yin [[abinci]] daban-daban, gami da kayan burodi, da kuma kauri jita-jita. Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar niƙa [[hatsi]], [[wake]], kwayoyi, tsaba, Tushen, ko [[Kayan Lambu|kayan lambu]] ta amfani da niƙa. [[Burodi|gurasa]] hatsi, musamman gurasar [[Siril|Alkama]], shine babban sinadarin burodi, wanda shine babban abinci ga al'adu da yawa. Masu binciken tarihi sun sami shaidar mutane suna yin gari na hatsi sama da shekaru 32,000 da suka gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Popular Archeology - Scientists report Stone Age flour production |url=https://popular-archaeology.com/article/scientists-report-stone-age-flour-production/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Popular Archeology |language=en-US}}</ref> Sauran garin hatsi sun haɗa da garin masara, wanda ya kasance mai mahimmanci a cikin abincin Mesoamerica tun zamanin d ̄ a kuma ya kasance abin da ake amfani da shi a Amurka, yayin da garin Rye ya kasance mai ba da gurasa a Tsakiyar Turai da Arewacin Turai. Gurasar hatsi ta ƙunshi ko dai daga cikin endosperm, kwayar cuta, da Bran tare, wanda aka sani da gari mai ƙwayoyin cuta, ko kuma daga cikin endesperm kadai, wanda aka san shi da gari mai tsabta. 'Aikin' yana da bambanci daga gari kamar yadda yake da ɗan ƙaramin girman ƙwayoyin, wanda aka sani da matakin raguwa. Koyaya, kalmar 'abinci' tana da alaƙa da 'gurasa' a wasu sassan duniya. Gudanar da garin hatsi don samar da farin gari, inda aka cire yadudduka na waje, yana nufin abubuwan gina jiki sun ɓace. Irin wannan gari, da gurasar da aka yi da su, ana iya ƙarfafa su ta hanyar ƙara abubuwan gina jiki. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2016, wajibi ne a cikin kasashe 86 don karfafa garin alkama. Ana yin garin nut ta hanyar niƙa kwayoyi, ban da garin walnut, wanda aka fara fitar da mai. Gurasar ƙwaya sanannen madadin gluten ne, ana amfani dashi a cikin abincin "keto" da "Paleo". Babu wani amfanin abinci mai gina jiki da ya ɓace yayin aikin niƙa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2022 |title=Nut flour: new applications in the food industry |url=https://www.itac-professional.com/en/blog/nut-flours-new-applications-food-industry |access-date=2 August 2025 |website=ITAC Professional}}</ref> An yi amfani da garin nut a al'ada a cikin abincin Bahar Rum da Farisa. Ana yin garin wake ta hanyar niƙa wake da aka bushe ko gasa. Gurasar wake da aka saba amfani da ita sun haɗa da chickpea, wanda aka fi sani da garin gram ko besan, wanda aka yi da busassun chickpeas kuma ana amfani da shi a al'adar Bahar Rum, Gabas ta Tsakiya da abincin Indiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A guide to Heritage grains |url=https://haydenflourmills.com/pages/heritage-grains-guide |access-date=2 August 2025 |website=Hayden Flour Mills}}</ref> Ana yin garin soya ta hanyar tsoma wake don bushe su, kafin a bushe su (ko a gasa su don yin kinako) kuma a rushe su; akalla kashi 97% na samfurin dole ne ya wuce ta hanyar allon 100-mesh da za a kira garin soya, wanda ake amfani da shi a yawancin abincin Asiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Soya Flour Uses |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/soya_flour |access-date=2 August 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Gurasar tsaba kamar teff na gargajiya ne ga Habasha da Eritrea, inda ake amfani da su don yin gurasa mai laushi da sourdough, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Teff |url=https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/glossary/teff-glossary |access-date=2 August 2025 |website=BBC Good Food}}</ref> yayin da aka yi amfani da buckwheat a al'ada a Rasha, Japan da Italiya. A Ostiraliya, an gano dutsen niƙa iri a wannan kwanan wata daga lokacin Pleistocene. Fure-fure na tushen sun haɗa da Arrowroot da [[Rogo|cassava]]. Ana amfani da garin Arrowroot (wanda aka fi sani da arrowroot foda) a matsayin mai kauri a cikin sauces, soups da pies, kuma yana da sau biyu ƙarfin kauri na garin alkama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2018 |title=What Is Arrowroot Powder? |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-arrowroot-powder-1328463 |website=The Spruce Eats |access-date=12 September 2026 |archive-date=31 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251031064204/https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-arrowroot-powder-1328463 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gurasar Cassava ba ta da gluten kuma ana amfani da ita azaman madadin gurasar alkama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 July 2023 |title=Health benefits of Cassava flour |url=https://www.webmd.com/diet/health-benefits-of-cassava-flour |website=WebMD}}</ref> Ana amfani da garin Cassava a al'ada a cikin abinci na Afirka, Kudancin Amurka da Amurka ta Tsakiya da Caribbean. Ana yin garin kayan lambu daga kayan lambu da aka bushe kafin a niƙa su. Ana iya yin waɗannan daga yawancin kayan lambu, gami da broccoli, spinach, squash da wake. Suna da wadataccen fiber kuma ba su da gluten.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2021 |title=Vegetable Flours: Here's Why You Need Ground Veggies For Better Health & Taste |url=https://m.netmeds.com/health-library/post/vegetable-flours-heres-why-you-need-ground-veggies-for-better-health-taste?srsltid=AfmBOop7ChYt3nPbA0gHScqmvIbqCAcEnyULzzPSnmChmh0Ty7-nHofa |website=NetMeds}}</ref> An yi karatu don ganin idan za'a iya ƙara garin kayan lambu zuwa gurasar alkama a matsayin madadin amfani da wasu hanyoyin wadata.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marcella Mastromatteo, Alessandra Danza, Mariangela Guida, Matteo A. Del Nobile |date=June 2012 |title=Formulation optimisation of vegetable flour-loaded functional bread Part I: screening of vegetable flours and structuring agents |url=https://academic.oup.com/ijfst/article/47/6/1313/7866410?login=false |journal=International Journal of Food Science and Technology |volume=47 |issue=6 |pages=1313–1320 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.02975.x |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Magana == Kalmar Ingilishi gari asalinsa bambancin kalmar ''furen'' ne, kuma kalmomin biyu sun samo asali ne daga Tsohon ''furen'' Faransanci ko furen, wanda ke da ma'anar "blossom", da ma'ana ta alama "mafi kyau". Maganar fleur de farine tana nufin "mafi kyawun ɓangaren gari", tunda gari ya samo asali ne daga kawar da abu mai laushi da ba a so daga hatsi yayin niƙa. == Tarihi == [[File:Wheat_P1210892.jpg|thumb|Yankin alkama mara manyanta]] [[Masara]] ko garin masara ya kasance mai mahimmanci a cikin abincin Mesoamerica tun zamanin d ̄ a kuma ya kasance abin da ake amfani da shi a Amurka. Rye flour wani abu ne na gurasa a tsakiya da arewacin Turai. Shaidar archaeological don yin garin alkama ya kasance aƙalla 6000 BC. A Ostiraliya, tonowa a shafin Madjedbebe ya sami dutse da aka yi amfani da shi don niƙa iri daga zamanin Pleistocene.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Elspeth H Hayes; Richard Fullagar; Judith H Field; Adelle CF Coster; Carney Matheson; May Nango; Djaykuk Djandjomerr; Ben Marwick; Lynley A Wallis; Mike A Smith; Chris Clarkson |date=11 July 2022 |title=65,000-years of continuous grinding stone use at Madjedbebe, Northern Australia |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=12 |issue=1 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1211747H |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-15174-x |pmc=9273753 |pmid=35817808 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cikin 2018, masu binciken tarihi sun ba da rahoton gano shaidar yin burodi a Shubayqa 1, wani wurin farauta da tarawa na Natufian sama da shekaru 14,000 a arewa maso yammacin Jordan.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Arranz-Otaegui |first=Amaia |date=31 July 2018 |title=Archaeobotanical evidence reveals the origins of bread 14,400 years ago in northeastern Jordan |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=115 |issue=31 |pages=7925–7930 |bibcode=2018PNAS..115.7925A |doi=10.1073/pnas.1801071115 |pmc=6077754 |pmid=30012614 |doi-access=free}}</ref> [[Romawa na Da|Romawa]] sune na farko da suka niƙa hatsi a kan ma'adinai. A shekara ta 1786, a farkon zamanin masana'antu, an kammala ma'aikatar gari ta farko, Albion Mills, Southwark, a [[Landan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The history of flour – The FlourWorld Museum Wittenburg – Flour Sacks of the World |url=http://www.flour-art-museum.de/english/background-and-culture/history-of-flour.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110404033142/http://www.flour-art-museum.de/english/background-and-culture/history-of-flour.html |archive-date=2011-04-04 |access-date=2017-10-18 |website=www.flour-art-museum.de |language=en}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 1930, an fara wadatar da wasu gari da baƙin ƙarfe, niacin, thiamine da riboflavin. A cikin shekarun 1940, ma'adanai sun fara wadatar da gari da folic acid an kara su a cikin jerin a cikin shekarun 1990. === Gurasar da aka cire da kuma mai zafi === Wani muhimmin matsala na [[Industrial Revolution|Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu]] shine adana gari. Nisawar sufuri da tsarin rarraba mai jinkiri sun haɗu da rayuwar ajiya ta halitta. Dalilin iyakantaccen rayuwar ajiya shine fatty acids na kwayar cuta, wanda ke amsawa daga lokacin da aka fallasa su ga iskar oxygen. Wannan yana faruwa ne lokacin da aka niƙa hatsi; ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna ƙonewa kuma gari ya fara zama mai tsami. Dangane da yanayi da ingancin hatsi, wannan tsari yana ɗaukar watanni shida zuwa tara. A ƙarshen karni na 19, wannan tsari ya yi gajeren lokaci don samar da masana'antu da rarraba. Kamar yadda bitamin, micronutrients da [[Amino acid]] sun kasance gaba ɗaya ko kuma ba a san su ba a ƙarshen karni na 19, cire kwayar cutar ta kasance mafita mai tasiri. Ba tare da kwayar cutar ba, gari ba zai iya zama mai tsada ba. Gurasar da aka cire ta zama misali. Rashin lalacewa ya fara ne a yankunan da ke da yawan jama'a kuma ya ɗauki kusan ƙarni ɗaya don isa cikin ƙauyuka. Gurasar da aka sarrafa da zafi ita ce gari inda aka fara raba kwayar cutar daga endosperm da bran, sannan a sarrafa ta da tururi, zafi mai bushe ko microwave kuma a haɗa ta cikin gari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Deutsch: Goldkeim |url=http://www.goldkeim.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110201180727/http://goldkeim.com/ |archive-date=2011-02-01 |access-date=2017-10-18 |website=www.goldkeim.com |language=de}}</ref> == Fitarwa == <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles> [[File:A_Walz_set_of_roller_mills.png|right|thumb|Walz saiti ma'adinai masu juyawa.]] Ana Yin niƙa gari ta hanyar niƙa hatsi tsakanin duwatsu ko ƙafafun ƙarfe. A yau, "dutse-ƙasa" yawanci yana nufin cewa an niƙa hatsi a cikin niƙa inda motar dutse mai juyawa ke juyawa a kan motar dutse, tsaye ko a kwance tare da hatsi a tsakanin. Roller mills sun maye gurbin dutse grist mills a karni na 19. Samar da gari ya haifar da ci gaban fasaha a tarihi, yayin da yunkurin yin gristmills da ma'adanai na gari suka fi samarwa kuma ba su da ma'aikata sosai ya haifar da ma'aunin ruwa da ma'aikacin iska.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 June 2006 |title=Grist Mills |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/by_jerry_jaynes/collections/72157602214123118/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802034456/https://www.flickr.com/photos/by_jerry_jaynes/collections/72157602214123118/ |archive-date=2020-08-02 |access-date=2017-10-18 |website=Flickr |language=en-us}}</ref> Wadannan kalmomin yanzu ana amfani da su sosai don amfani da ruwa da wutar lantarki don wasu dalilai ban da niƙa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How the Roller Mills Changed the Milling Industry |url=https://www.angelfire.com/journal/millrestoration/roller.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304180315/http://www.angelfire.com/journal/millrestoration/roller.html |archive-date=2018-03-04 |access-date=2017-10-18 |website=[[Angelfire]]}}</ref> Kwanan nan, an haɓaka injin Unifine, injin tasiri, a tsakiyar karni na 20. == Halitta na garin hatsi == [[File:Uskladněná_mouka.JPG|thumb|Ana adana gari a cikin manyan jakar na zane]] FFarin yana dauke da babban rabo na starches, wanda shine ɓangaren carbohydrates mai rikitarwa wanda aka fi sani da polysaccharides. Nau'ikan garin da aka yi amfani da shi wajen dafa abinci sun haɗa da gari mai ma'ana (Amurka ta Arewa) ko gari mai ɗaga kansa (Amurka Ta Arewa) ko garin mai ɗaga kai, kuma, a Arewacin Amurka, garin kek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 September 2012 |title=What is Cake Flour? |url=https://www.nigella.com/ask/what-is-cake-flour |website=Nigella}}</ref> Mafi girman abun ciki na furotin, mafi wuya da ƙarfi gari, kuma mafi yawan zai samar da gurasa mai laushi ko mai cinyewa. Ƙananan furotin, mai laushi gari, wanda ya fi kyau ga kek, kukis, da ƙwayoyin burodi. Gurasar hatsi ta ƙunshi ko dai daga cikin endosperm, kwayar cuta, da Bran tare (gurasar hatsi) ko kuma daga cikin endesperm kadai (gurasar da aka tsabtace). === Gurasar da aka yi da ita === "Bleached flour" is "refined" flour with a chemical whitening (bleaching) agent added. "Refined" flour has had the germ and bran, containing much of the nutritional fibre and vitamins, removed and is often referred to as "white flour".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Food |first=Science Meets |date=2020-07-29 |title=Bleached vs Unbleached Flour: What's the Difference and Which Should You Be Baking With? {{!}} Food Chemistry {{!}} |url=https://sciencemeetsfood.org/bleached-flour/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Science Meets Food |language=en-US}}</ref>  Ana tsufa da gari ta wucin gadi ta hanyar amfani da wakili na "mai tsabta", wakili na" balaga, ko duka biyun. Wakilin mai tsabta yana shafar carotenoids da ke da alhakin launi na gari; wakilin "mai girma" yana shafar ci gaban gluten. Wakilin da ke girma na iya ƙarfafawa ko raunana ci gaban gluten. Wannan har yanzu yana samuwa a Arewacin Amurka, amma an dakatar da shi a Turai, Australia da New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2025 |title=Bread and flour: labelling and composition |url=https://www.gov.uk/guidance/bread-and-flour-labelling-and-composition |website=GOV.UK}}</ref> ==== Abubuwan da aka kara ==== Abubuwa huɗu da aka fi amfani da su azaman bleaching ko maturing wakilai a Amurka sune: * Potassium bromate, wanda aka jera a matsayin sinadarin, wakili ne mai girma wanda ke ƙarfafa ci gaban gluten. Ba ya wankewa. * Benzoyl peroxide bleaches, amma ba ya aiki a matsayin wakili mai girma. Ba shi da tasiri a kan gluten.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-09 |title=Exploring Bleaching Agents in Flour Processing - Agriculture Notes by Agriculture.Institute |url=https://agriculture.institute/baking-and-flour-confectionary/bleaching-agents-in-flour-processing/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) an jera shi azaman sinadarin, ko dai a matsayin alamar cewa an balaga garin ta amfani da ascorbic acid ko kuma an kara karamin adadi a matsayin mai haɓaka gurasar. Yana da wakili mai girma wanda ke ƙarfafa ci gaban gluten, amma ba ya wankewa. * Ana amfani da iskar Chlorine a matsayin wakili mai tsaftacewa da wakili mai girma. Yana raunana ci gaban gluten kuma yana oxidizes starches, yana sauƙaƙa ga gari ya sha ruwa kuma ya kumbura, wanda ke haifar da batters masu kauri da gurasar mai kauri. Tsarin gluten da aka jinkirta yana da kyau a cikin kek, kukis, da biscuits, saboda in ba haka ba zai sa su zama masu tauri da gurasa. Gyaran starches a cikin gari yana ba da damar amfani da gurasar da ta fi dacewa (yin samfurin da ya fi dacewa) ba tare da lalata tsarin da ake buƙata don haske ba, kekuna masu laushi da kekuna. Gurasar Chlorinated tana ba da damar kek da sauran kayan burodi don saita da sauri kuma su tashi da kyau, kuma ana rarraba kitsen daidai, tare da ƙarancin haɗari ga rushewa. Wasu wasu sunadarai da aka yi amfani da su azaman masu kula da gari don canza launi da kayan yin burodi sun haɗa da: * Chlorine dioxide (maras tabbas don jigilar a Amurka) * Calcium peroxide * Azodicarbonamide ko azobisformamide (na roba) * Oxygen na sararin samaniya, wanda ke haifar da fari na halitta. Abokan kiyayewa na yau da kullun a cikin garin kasuwanci sun haɗa da: * Calcium propanoate * Sodium benzoate * Tricalcium phosphate * Hydrox mai ƙwayoyin cuta ==== Yawan abubuwan da aka kara ==== Dukkanin masu tsaftacewa da masu girma (tare da yiwuwar ascorbic acid) an haramta su a Ƙasar Ingila.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2008 |title=The Bread and Flour Regulations 1998 – Guidance Notes |url=http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/breadflourguide.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209193220/http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/breadflourguide.pdf |archive-date=9 December 2011 |access-date=29 March 2012 |publisher=Food Standards Agency}}</ref> Bromination na gari a Amurka ya fadi daga tagomashi, kuma yayin da ba a riga an haramta shi a ko'ina ba, ƙananan gurasar da ke samuwa ga mai yin burodi na gida suna da bromated. Yawancin nau'ikan gari da aka kunshe musamman don wuraren yin burodi na kasuwanci har yanzu suna da bromated. Ginin da aka sayar da shi ga mai yin burodi a gida yanzu ana bi da shi galibi tare da peroxidation ko iskar chlorine. Bayani na yanzu daga Pillsbury shine cewa ana bi da nau'ikan garin da aka yi da benzoyl peroxide da iskar chlorine. Gold Medal ya bayyana cewa ana bi da garin da aka yi musu da benzoyl peroxide ko iskar chlorine, amma babu wata hanyar da za a iya gaya wa wane tsari da aka yi amfani da shi yayin sayen garin a kantin sayar da kayan masarufi. ==== Tsohon hanyar wankewa ==== Tsohuwar hanyar sayen fararen ko "mai tsabta" gari ba ta haifar da amfani da sinadarai ba. Maimakon haka, an yayyafa ƙwayoyin alkama da ruwa tsawon lokaci don ƙwayoyin waje na alkama wanda ke dauke da Bran don taushi kuma, a ƙarshe, ya faɗi yayin niƙa. A wasu wurare, an yada ganyen Syrian rue (''Peganum harmala'') a cikin yadudduka tsakanin yadudduka na hatsi, kuma an bar su a cikin irin wannan jiha na kwanaki da yawa, har sai hayaki da aka fitar daga ganyen tsire-tsire ya sa ƙwayoyin alkama na waje su rushe kuma su narke, suna barin gari mai tsabta da fari bayan niƙa.<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Yosef Qafih}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Yosef Qafih}}, s.v. ''Ḥametz u'matzah'' 5:8</ref> === Gurasar da aka wadata === <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>A lokacin aiwatar da yin gari, musamman sakamakon tsarin bleaching, abubuwan gina jiki suna ɓacewa. Wasu daga cikin wadannan abubuwan gina jiki za a iya maye gurbin su yayin tsaftacewa - sakamakon an san shi da gari mai ''wadata''. A cikin Burtaniya mafi yawan gari, kuma saboda haka gurasar da aka yi da shi, ana buƙatar a ƙarfafa shi da ƙara calcium, baƙin ƙarfe, thiamine (Vitamin B1) da niacin (Vitamine B3); an cire garin wholemeal saboda yana ƙunshe da isasshen waɗannan abubuwan gina jiki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2023 |title=Bread and Flour Regulations |url=https://www.ukflourmillers.org/bread-and-flour-regulations |publisher=UK Flour Millers}}</ref> === Gurasar kek === Gurasar cake ita ce mafi ƙasƙanci a cikin abun ciki na furotin na gluten, tare da 6-7% (5-8% daga tushen na biyu <ref name="Food Network-2018">{{Cite web |title=Different Flour Types |url=http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/packages/baking-guide/flour-101-guide-to-different-types-and-uses |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105123050/http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/packages/baking-guide/flour-101-guide-to-different-types-and-uses |archive-date=2018-01-05 |access-date=2018-01-04 |website=Food Network}}</ref>) furotin don samar da ƙaramin ɗaure don haka cake "ya rushe" cikin sauƙi. === Gurasar burodi === Gurasar burodi tana da nau'in furotin na biyu mafi ƙasƙanci, tare da 7.5-9.5% (8-9% daga tushe na biyu <ref name="Food Network-2018" />) furotin don riƙewa tare da ɗan ƙarfi fiye da kek, amma har yanzu suna samar da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta maimakon masu wuya ko masu laushi. === Gurasar da aka yi amfani da ita ko kuma da ake amfani da ita === Dukkanin manufa, ko "farin AP", ko farantin mai sauƙi matsakaici ne a cikin abun ciki na furotin na gluten a 9.5-11.5% (10-12% daga tushen na biyu <ref name="Food Network-2018" />) abun ciki na sunadarai. Yana da isasshen abun ciki na furotin don burodi da yawa da tushen pizza, kodayake gari na burodi da gari na musamman na Italiyanci na 00 sau da yawa ana son su don waɗannan dalilai, bi da bi, musamman daga masu yin burodi. Ana kuma shirya wasu biscuits ta amfani da irin wannan gari. "Plain" yana nufin ba kawai abubuwan da ke cikin gluten na gari na AP ba har ma da rashin wani wakili na yisti (kamar yadda yake a cikin gari mai tasowa). === Gurasar gurasa === Ana yin garin burodi ne daga alkama mai jan hunturu wanda aka shuka a cikin kaka kuma aka girbe shi a cikin bazara. Alkama mai wuya yana da yawa a cikin gluten, furotin wanda ke sa gurasar ta shimfiɗa. Alkama mai wuya shine 11.5-13.5% (12-14% daga tushe na biyu <ref name="Food Network-2018" />) furotin. Ƙarin furotin yana ɗaurewa da gari don shiga [[carbon dioxide]] da aka saki ta hanyar yisti, wanda ke haifar da ingantaccen tashi da kuma dandano. === Gurasar da ta yi tauri === Hard kalma ce ta gaba ɗaya don gari tare da babban abun ciki na furotin na gluten, yawanci yana nufin ƙarin gari mai ƙarfi, tare da 13.5-16% (ko 14-15% daga wasu tushe) furotin (16% shine abin da zai yiwu a cikin furotin <ref name="Reinhart-2001" />). Ana iya amfani da wannan gari inda girke-girke ya kara sinadaran da ke buƙatar gurasar ta zama mai ƙarfi don riƙewa tare a gaban su, ko kuma lokacin da ake buƙatar ƙarfi don gina burodi (misali, wasu nuni na tsakiya). === Gurasar Gluten === Gluten flour shine furotin na gluten, ko furotin na 100% (ko da yake ingantaccen abu bai taɓa samun cikakken 100% ba). Ana amfani da shi don ƙarfafa gari kamar yadda ake buƙata. Misali, ƙara kusan takalmin shayi guda ɗaya a kowace kofin garin AP yana ba da cakudawar furotin na garin burodi. Ana ƙara shi a cikin girke-girke na gari don shawo kan yanayin mafi girman abun ciki na fiber don tsoma baki tare da ci gaban gluten, wanda ake buƙata don ba da burodi mafi kyawun halayen tashi (gas riƙe) da taushi. === Gurasar da ba a rufe ba === Gurasar da ba a shafa ba ita ce gari kawai wanda bai yi fari ba sabili da haka ba shi da launi na "farin" gurasar. Misali shine garin graham, wanda sunan sa, Sylvester Graham, ya yi adawa da amfani da wakilai masu tsabtacewa, wanda ya yi la'akari da rashin lafiya. === Gurasar da ke ɗaga kanta === A cikin ƙasashen da ke magana da Ingilishi, ana samun gari mai ɗaga kansa (ko mai ɗaga kai a Arewacin Amurka) a kasuwa tare da magungunan yisti na sinadarai da suka riga sun kasance a cikin cakuda. A Amurka, ana iya yin gishiri a riga an gishiri; a Burtaniya wannan ba haka ba ne. Ana rarraba sinadaran da aka kara daidai a cikin gari, wanda ke taimakawa ci gaba da haɓaka kayan burodi. Ana amfani da wannan gari don shirya tare da wasu burodi, scones da muffins. Henry Jones ne ya kirkireshi kuma ya ba da izini a 1845. Idan girke-girke yana kira ga gari mai ɗaga kansa, kuma wannan ba ya samuwa, maye gurbin mai zuwa yana yiwuwa: * 1 kofin (~240 (125 g) gari mai sauƙi&nbsp; * 1 (3 g) gurasar burodi&nbsp;[[Baking powder|yin burodi]] * (Kayan girke-girke na Amurka) ƙuƙwalwar zuwa shayi (1 g ko ƙasa) [[gishiri]] &nbsp; === Multigrain === <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> [[File:Different_types_of_flour.jpg|thumb|Hagu - gari na alkama gaba ɗaya; dama - gari mai yawa.]] '''Multigrain flour''' is a blend of two or more different [[Hatsi|grains]], offering a more complex nutritional profile than single grain flours.<ref name="Rotimatic-2024">{{Cite web |date=2024-03-18 |title=Multigrain Flour: Ingredients, Health Benefits & How to Use It |url=https://rotimatic.com/blogs/food-health/multigrain-flour |access-date=2025-08-11 |website=Rotimatic |language=en}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name="Chakki-2023">{{Cite web |date=2023-12-18 |title=The Ultimate Guide to Multigrain Atta: Benefits, Usage, And Recipes |url=https://aashirvaadchakki.com/blogs/news/the-ultimate-guide-to-multigrain-atta-benefits-usage-and-recipes |access-date=2025-08-11 |website=Aashirvaad Chakki |language=en}}</ref>  Common grains used in multigrain flours are barley, oats, whole wheat, [[Gero|millets]], [[Masara|corn]], rye{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2026}}, spelt{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2026}}, and buckwheat.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2020 |title=Homemade Multigrain Flour |url=https://thewoksoflife.com/multigrain-flour/ |access-date=2025-08-11 |website=The Woks of Life |language=en-US}}</ref> Some multigrain flours may additionally contain [[Legum|pulses]] or other legumes.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2026}} Multigrain flour usually has a coarser texture and a more dense, hearty consistency than all-purpose flour, due to the presence of different grains.<ref name="Villa-2025">{{Cite web |last=Villa |first=Emanuele |date=2025-06-28 |title=Multigrain Dough: What It Is, Its Benefits, and Why It's Perfect for Pinsa |url=https://www.pinsadimarco.com/en/multigrain-dough/ |access-date=2025-08-11 |website=Di Marco |language=en-GB}}</ref>  The texture of the dough may also change depending on the grain mixture.<ref name="Villa-2025" /> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Din |first=Ghulam Mueen Ud |last2=Usmani |first2=Wardha |last3=Hussain |first3=Ashiq |last4=Bilal |first4=Muhammad |last5=Najam |first5=Ayesha |last6=Zia |first6=Muhammad |last7=Raza |first7=Muhammad Siddique |last8=Aziz |first8=Tariq |last9=Zahra |first9=Nureen |last10=Alshammari |first10=Jaza Maqbl |last11=Alharbi |first11=Mudi H. |last12=Al-Asmari |first12=Fahad |date=2025-04-01 |title=Effect of multigrain flour mixes on the physicochemical, nutritional, textural, and sensory quality of cake rusks |url=https://www.itjfs.com/index.php/ijfs/article/view/2921 |journal=Italian Journal of Food Science |language=en |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=261–275 |doi=10.15586/ijfs.v37i2.2921 |issn=1120-1770 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Some multigrain flours may absorb more water than others, particularly those made with whole grains, hence requiring modifications made to hydration levels in recipes.<ref name="Villa-2025" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Flour |first=Prima |date=27 January 2025 |title=Exploring Different Types of Flour: Whole Grain Vs. All-Purpose |url=https://www.primaflour.com/whole-grain-flour-vs-all-purpose-flour-what-are-the-differences/ |access-date=2025-08-11 |website=Prima Flour |language=en-US}}</ref>  In general, more water is needed to make a dough with a whole grain flour than with a refined flour.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-14 |title=Baking Bread with Whole-Grain Flours |url=https://anovaculinary.com/blogs/blog/baking-bread-with-whole-grain-flours |access-date=2025-08-11 |website=Anova Culinary |language=en}}</ref> Idan aka kwatanta da gari mai tsabta, gari mai yawa yawanci yana da ƙananan ƙididdigar glycemic, wanda ke nufin cewa yana sakin glucose a cikin jini a hankali kuma yana taimakawa wajen kauce wa sukari na jini.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sobhana |first=Prasanthi Prabhakaran |last2=Kandlakunta |first2=Bhaskarachary |last3=Nagaraju |first3=Raju |last4=Thappatla |first4=Deepika |last5=Epparapalli |first5=Srinivas |last6=Vemula |first6=Sudershan Rao |last7=Gavaravarapu |first7=Subba Rao M. |last8=Korrapati |first8=Damayanti |date=2020 |title=Human clinical trial to assess the effect of consumption of multigrain Indian bread on glycemic regulation in type 2 diabetic participants |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jfbc.13465 |journal=Journal of Food Biochemistry |language=en |volume=44 |issue=11 |doi=10.1111/jfbc.13465 |issn=1745-4514 |pmid=33006193 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> [ana buƙatar tabbatarwa] <gallery caption="Some of the basic grains used to produce a multigrain flour."> File:Barley_Seeds.jpg|Barley grains with and without the outer husk. File:Secale_cereale_-_cereal_rye_-_Steve_Hurst_USDA-NRCS_PLANTS_Database.jpg|Different types of rye. File:Wheat,_rye,_triticale_montage.jpg|Grains of wheat, rye and their hybrid, triticale. Triticale is significantly larger than wheat. File:Avena_sativa_black_oat,_Zwarte_haver_graankorrels_(1).jpg|Black oat grains. File:Millet_grains.jpg|Millet grains. </gallery> == Jerin gari == === Gurasar da ke dauke da glute === ==== Gurasar alkama ==== Alkama shine hatsi da aka fi so don yin gari. Furen na iya ƙunshe da matakai daban-daban na furotin gluten. "Fur mai ƙarfi" ko "farin mai wuya" yana da mafi girman abun ciki na gluten fiye da "mai rauni" ko "mai laushi". "Brown" da kuma garin da za a iya yin su da alkama mai wuya ko mai laushi. * Atta flour gari ne na alkama mai mahimmanci a cikin abincin Indiya da Pakistan, wanda ake amfani da shi don burodi da yawa, kamar Roti da [[chapati]]. Yawancin lokaci dutse ne zuwa ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda ke ba shi ƙwayoyin da ba a iya samun su a wasu gurasa ba. * Gurasar [[Alkama|Alkama na yau da kullun]] (''T. aestivum&nbsp;'') ita ce gurasar da aka fi amfani da ita don yin burodi. Gurasar Alkama na Durum (''T. durum&nbsp;'') ita ce ta biyu da aka fi amfani da ita.<ref name="Cooper">{{Cite journal |last=Cooper R |date=Mar 29, 2015 |title=Re-discovering ancient wheat varieties as functional foods |journal=J Tradit Complement Med |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=138–43 |doi=10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.02.004 |pmc=4488568 |pmid=26151025}}</ref> * Maida gari ne na alkama da aka niƙa sosai wanda aka yi amfani da shi don yin burodi iri-iri na Indiya kamar su paratha da naan. Ana amfani da Maida sosai ba kawai a cikin abincin Indiya ba har ma a cikin abincin Asiya ta Tsakiya da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya. Kodayake wani lokacin ana kiranta "gurasa mai amfani" ta hanyar masu dafa abinci na Indiya, ya fi kama da garin cake ko ma starch mai tsabta. A Indiya, ana amfani da garin maida don yin kek da sauran kayan burodi kamar burodi, kek da toast. * [[Taliya|Noodle]] flour wani nau'i ne na musamman na gari da aka yi amfani da shi don yin noodles na Asiya, wanda aka yi da alkama ko shinkafa. * [[Semolina]] ita ce tsarkakewar alkama mai tsarkakewa wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen yin pasta, hatsi na safe, pudding, da couscous. * Spelt, tsohuwar hatsi ce, nau'in alkama ne na hexaploid.<ref name="Cooper" /> Gurasar da aka rubuta tana buƙatar ƙasa da ƙanƙanta fiye da gurasar alkama ta yau da kullun ko gurasar alƙara. ==== Sauran hatsi ==== [[File:E8088-Alamudun-Bazaar-flour-vendor.jpg|thumb|Nau'ikan gari da hatsi da ake siyarwa a kasuwa a [[Bishkek]], [[Kirgistan|Kyrgyzstan]]]] * Ana amfani da garin Rye don yin burodi na gargajiya na Jamus, Austria, Switzerland, Rasha, [[Kazech|Jamhuriyar Czech]], Poland da Scandinavia. Yawancin Gurasar rye suna amfani da cakuda rye da garin alkama saboda rye ba ya samar da isasshen gluten. Gurasar Pumpernickel yawanci ana yin ta ne kawai daga rye, kuma tana dauke da cakuda gari da rye. Ana amfani da gari don yin burodi kamar burodi na Prądnik. * [[Gurasar sha'ir]] gari ce da aka shirya daga busassun sha'ir da aka niƙa. Ana amfani da garin sha'ir don shirya burodi na sha'ir da sauran burodi, kamar gurasa mai laushi da burodi na yisti. Ana amfani da shi a cikin shirye-shiryen rieska, gurasar gargajiya ta Finnish. Gurasar sha'ir mai laushi ita ce garin da aka yi daga tsaba na sha'ir wanda ya ɗan tsiro sannan aka bushe shi, kuma ana amfani da shi a cikin samfuran malt kamar madara mai laushi, gurasar malt, da giya mai laushi. === Gurasar da ba ta da gluten === Lokacin da gari ba ya dauke da gluten, sun dace da mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da gluten. <ref name="TovoliMasi">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Tovoli F, Masi C, Guidetti E, Negrini G, Paterini P, Bolondi L |date=Mar 16, 2015 |title=Clinical and diagnostic aspects of gluten related disorders |journal=World J Clin Cases |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=275–84 |doi=10.12998/wjcc.v3.i3.275 |pmc=4360499 |pmid=25789300 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name="Akobeng2008">{{Cite journal |last=Akobeng AK, Thomas AG |date=June 2008 |title=Systematic review: tolerable amount of gluten for people with coeliac disease |journal=Aliment Pharmacol Ther |volume=27 |issue=11 |pages=1044–52 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03669.x |pmid=18315587 |s2cid=20539463 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name="SeeKaukinen">{{Cite journal |vauthors=See JA, Kaukinen K, Makharia GK, Gibson PR, Murray JA |date=Oct 2015 |title=Practical insights into gluten-free diets |journal=Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol |volume=12 |issue=10 |pages=580–91 |doi=10.1038/nrgastro.2015.156 |pmid=26392070 |s2cid=20270743}}</ref><ref name="FSAI">{{Cite web |title=Guidelines to Prevent Cross-Contamination of Gluten-free Foods |url=https://www.fsai.ie/uploadedfiles/legislation/consultations/info_270204.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305013411/https://www.fsai.ie/uploadedfiles/legislation/consultations/info_270204.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-05 |access-date=Dec 20, 2015 |publisher=Food Safety Authority of Ireland}}</ref> Cutar da ke dauke da hatsi mai dauke da gluten na iya faruwa yayin girbi na hatsi, sufuri, niƙa, adanawa, sarrafawa, sarrafawar da / ko dafa abinci.<ref name="FSAI" /><ref name="CominoMoreno">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Comino I, Moreno Mde L, Real A, Rodríguez-Herrera A, Barro F, Sousa C |date=Oct 23, 2013 |title=The gluten-free diet: testing alternative cereals tolerated by celiac patients |journal=Nutrients |volume=5 |issue=10 |pages=4250–68 |doi=10.3390/nu5104250 |pmc=3820072 |pmid=24152755 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="HuttneraArednt">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hüttnera EK, Arednt EK |date=June 2010 |title=Recent advances in gluten-free baking and the current status of oats |journal=Trends in Food Science & Technology |volume=21 |issue=6 |pages=303–12 |doi=10.1016/j.tifs.2010.03.005}}</ref> * Ana yin garin Ƙwai daga ƙwaya kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman maye gurbin garin alkama. 'Yan asalin ƙasar Amirka ne suka yi amfani da shi. Koriya kuma suna amfani da garin ƙwaya don yin ''dotorimuk''. * Ana yin garin almond daga almond da aka niƙa. * Ana samar da garin Amaranth daga hatsi na amaranth. An saba amfani da shi a cikin Abincin Mesoamerica na pre-Columbian kuma Aztecs ne suka fara noma shi. Ana samun sa a cikin shagunan abinci na musamman. * Ana yin garin apple daga niƙa apple pomace, ragowar apple juiced. * An yi garin ayaba da al'ada daga ayaba mai kore na dubban shekaru kuma a halin yanzu ana amfani dashi azaman maye gurbin gari mara gluten kuma a matsayin tushen starch mai tsayayya. * Ana iya yin garin bark daga Layer cambium ko phloem na wasu bishiyoyi kamar Pine da birch kuma ana iya amfani da su don yin burodi. A [[Finland]], an san garin furen pine da ''pettujauho'', kuma gurasar da aka yi da ita ana kiranta ''pettuleipä'' (gurasar furen pine). * Ana samar da garin wake daga busassun wake ko wake. Garbanzo da Fava bean flour wani nau'i ne na gari tare da babban darajar abinci mai gina jiki da kuma dandano mai karfi. * Gurasar shinkafa mai launin ruwan kasa tana da matukar muhimmanci a cikin Abincin kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Ana iya yin Takardar shinkafa mai cin abinci daga gare ta. * Ana amfani da garin Buckwheat a matsayin sinadarin a cikin pancakes da yawa a Amurka. A Japan, ana amfani da shi don yin soba noodles. A Rasha, ana ƙara garin buckwheat a cikin mashaya don pancakes da ake kira ''blinis'', sau da yawa ana cinye shi tare da caviar. Ana kuma amfani da garin Buckwheat don yin crêpes bretonnes a Brittany. A ranakun azumi na Hindu (Navaratri galibi, kuma Maha Shivaratri), mutane suna cin abinci da aka yi da garin buckwheat. Shirye-shiryen ya bambanta a duk faɗin Indiya. Mafi sanannun waɗannan jita-jita sune ''kuttu ki puri'' da ''kuttu [[pakora]]'' . A mafi yawan jihohin arewa da yammacin kalmar da aka saba amfani da ita ita ce ''kuttu ka atta'' . * Ana yin garin [[Rogo|Cassava]] daga tushen shuka cassava. Ana kuma samar da garin Tapioca daga tushen shuka cassava kuma ana amfani dashi don yin burodi, pancakes, tapioca pudding, da [[fufu]], wani abu mai dadi na Afirka, kuma ana amfani da shi azaman starch. * Ana amfani da garin Chestnut a [[Korsika|Corsica]], Périgord, da Lunigiana don burodi, kek da [[pasta]]. Shi ne asalin sinadarin polenta, kuma har yanzu ana amfani dashi a Corsica da sauran wuraren Bahar Rum. Gurasar Chestnut tana ci gaba da zama sabo har tsawon makonni biyu. A wasu sassan Italiya galibi ana amfani da shi don kayan zaki. * Gurasar Chickpea (wanda aka fi sani da gurasar gram ko ''besan'') tana da matukar muhimmanci a cikin Abincin Indiya da kuma Italiya, inda ake amfani da ita don ''[[Farinata|farina]]'' na Ligurian. * Ana yin garin Chuño daga busassun dankali a kasashe daban-daban na Kudancin Amurka. * Ana yin garin kwakwa daga nama na kwakwa kuma yana da mafi girman fiber na kowane gari, yana da ƙarancin carbohydrates masu narkewa don haka yana yin kyakkyawan zaɓi ga waɗanda ke neman ƙuntata abincin su. Har ila yau, yana da babban kitse na kusan kashi 60. * Kyakkyawan [[masara]], wanda aka sani da garin masara a Amurka, ya shahara a Kudancin da Kudu maso yamma Amurka, Mexico, Amurka ta tsakiya, da Yankunan Punjab na Indiya da Pakistan, inda ake kira ''makai ka atta'' . Ana kiran garin masara mai cike da hatsi a Amurka. Kyakkyawan garin ''Mass'' wanda aka bi da shi tare da lemun tsami mai mahimmanci ana kiransa masa harina (duba masa) kuma ana amfani dashi don yin ''tortillas'' da ''tamales'' a cikin abincin Mexico. A Burtaniya da yawancin ƙasashen Commonwealth, "mai" shine kalmar abin da aka sani da starch na masara a Amurka. ** Mai cin masara yayi kama da garin masara (duba sama) sai dai a cikin niƙa mai tsanani. ** Starch na masara shine starch da aka cire daga endosperm na masara. * Ana amfani da garin Shinkafa mai laushi ko garin shinkafar mai laushi a gabashin da kudu maso gabashin Asiya don yin tangyuan, da sauransu. * Ana samar da garin Hemp ta hanyar matse man daga tsaba na hemp da kuma niƙa ragowar. Iri na Hemp kusan kashi 30 cikin dari ne na mai da kashi 70 cikin dari. Hemp flour ba ya tashi, kuma ya fi dacewa a gauraya da wasu gari. An kara shi ga kowane gari da kusan kashi 15-20 cikin dari, yana ba da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da ɗanɗano tare da launin kore. * Ana yin garin Mesquite daga busassun bishiyoyi na itacen mesquite, wanda ke girma a duk faɗin Arewacin Amurka a yanayin zafi. Farin yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, ɗanɗano kuma ana iya amfani dashi a aikace-aikace iri-iri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mesquite, the Rediscovered Food Phenomenon |url=http://chetday.com/mesquiteflour.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708143259/http://chetday.com/mesquiteflour.htm |archive-date=2011-07-08 |access-date=2010-06-23}}</ref> * Ana amfani da garin Nut daga kwayoyi masu mai - galibi almonds da hazelnuts - kuma ana amfani da su maimakon ko ban da garin alkama don samar da karin burodi da cakes. Cakes da aka yi da garin kwai yawanci ana kiransu tortes kuma mafi yawa sun samo asali ne a Tsakiyar Turai, a ƙasashe kamar Hungary da Austria. * Peasemeal ko garin wake gari ne wanda aka samar daga wake mai launin rawaya da aka gasa da kuma yaduwa. * Gurasar man shanu da aka yi daga man shanu da ake dafawa ita ce madadin furotin mai yawa ga gari na yau da kullun.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bulk Walnuts &#124; Wholesale Macadamia Products &#124; Cashews &#124; Seeds &#124; Golden Peanut |url=http://www.goldenpeanut.com/flour.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208072006/http://www.goldenpeanut.com/Flour.aspx |archive-date=2010-12-08 |access-date=2010-11-27}} -Peanut flour</ref> * Ana samun garin Starch na dankali ta hanyar niƙa tubers zuwa kwai da cire fiber da furotin ta hanyar wanke ruwa. Starch na dankali (gurasa) fari ne mai yawa wanda aka yi amfani da shi azaman wakili mai kauri. Standard (na asali) starch na dankali yana buƙatar tafasa, don kauri cikin ruwa, yana ba da gel mai haske. Saboda an yi garin ne daga hatsi ko legumes, ana amfani da shi azaman maye gurbin garin alkama a dafa abinci da [[Yahudawa]] ke dafa shi a lokacin Idin Ƙetarewa, lokacin da ba a ci hatsi ba. * Gurasar [[Dankalin turawa|Dankali]], sau da yawa ana rikitar da ita da starch na dankali, an cire shi, an dafa shi da foda na dankali na mashed, galibi an bushe shi da kuma dankali da aka yi amfani da dankali gaba ɗaya kuma ta haka ne ya ƙunshi furotin da wasu fiber na dankali. Yana da launin fari mai launin rawaya.<ref>Jack Augustus Radley, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=nNSJDzezG0UC&dq=potato+starch+and+alcohol&pg=PA71 Industrial Uses of Starch and Its Derivatives]'', lk 71, 1976, Applied Science Publishers Ltd, {{ISBN|0 85334 6917}}, Google'i raamat veebiversioon (vaadatud 30.11.2013) (''inglise keeles'')</ref> Wadannan dankali masu bushewa, bushewa, dankali, wanda ake kira dankali mai laushi na nan take na iya zama granules ko flakes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Idaho Pacific Corporation, The best potatoes that Idaho has to offer |url=http://www.idahopacific.com/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110906091103/http://www.idahopacific.com/index.html |archive-date=2011-09-06 |access-date=2011-10-31 |publisher=Idahopacific.com}}</ref> Gurasar dankali tana narkewa da ruwa mai sanyi; duk da haka, ba a amfani da ita sau da yawa saboda tana da nauyi. * Gurasar shinkafa ita ce ƙwayoyin shinkafa. Yana da mahimmanci a [[Asiya]]. Hakanan ana amfani dashi sosai a kasashen Yamma, musamman ga mutanen da ke fama da Cututtukan da suka shafi gluten. Gurasar shinkafa mai launin ruwan kasa tana da ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki fiye da fararen shinkafa. * Ana yin garin [[Sorghum]] daga niƙa dukkan hatsi na tsire-tsire. Ana kiranta ''jowar'' a Indiya. * Ana yin garin Teff daga teff na hatsi, kuma yana da matukar muhimmanci a [[gabashin Afirka]] (musamman a kusa da Horn of Africa). Shi ne babban sinadarin a cikin burodi [[injera]], wani muhimmin bangare na abincin Habasha. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Webarchive template wayback links]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] aqsjy76n79o9cw6zbrz70228yyx8zfl 0 169375 961617 929626 2026-10-01T23:26:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Knoll na teku''' wani nau'in ƙasa ne wanda ya ƙunshi tarin kayan calcareous da suka riga suka taru a kan tsohon bene na teku. Ƙwayoyin Reef sune ragowar ƙasa na reefs da sauran tarin ƙwayoyin halitta na calcareous. Knolls na Reef galibi suna da wadataccen burbushin halittu, tare da murjani na zamanin da, soso, algae na calcareous, da sauran masu gina reef waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga babban ɓangare na girman ginin. Wannan yawan kwarangwal yana bawa tsarin damar jure wa [[Ruwa na yanzu|kwararar ruwa]] da kuma tsayawa cikin 'yanci. Ana iya raba knolls na Reef zuwa bioherms da biostromes. '''Halittar halittu''' wani nau'in ƙasa ne na dutsen sedimentary da aka kewaye ko aka kewaye shi da dutse na asali daban-daban. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of BIOHERM |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bioherm}}</ref> '''Biostrome''' wani nau'in ƙasa ne mai faɗi ko kuma mai faɗi da ke da duwatsu masu laushi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of BIOSTROME |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/biostrome}}</ref> Krumbein ya kuma yi amfani da waɗannan kalmomin don bambance siffofi daban-daban na stromatolites : "Girman da aka yi wa ado da kayan gado, mai faɗi sosai, kamar bargo sune biostromes. Ana kuma kiran stromatolites masu kama da na biskit, masu siffar kumfa ko kuma masu siffar columnar a matsayin bioherms". == Ingila == [[Fayil:Three_reef_knolls,_from_ne,_6265.jpg|thumb| Thorpe Kail, Stebden da Elbolton tsaunin, a kan Thorpe Fell, daga arewa maso gabas, kusa da Hebden]] Misalan da ke kan iyakar Derbyshire / Staffordshire sun haɗa da Thorpe Cloud da Bunster Hill a kudancin Dovedale, da kuma Chrome Hill da Parkhouse Hill a ƙarshen arewa. Sau da yawa ana ganin waɗannan gine-ginen a sarari inda duwatsun da ke kewaye suke da laushi sosai don haka ana iya [[Zaizayar Kasa|lalata su]] sosai. Duk misalan Derbyshire da aka ambata suna gefen yankunan dutse mai daraja ; Chrome da Parkhouse suna kan rabe tsakanin dutse mai daraja da kuma shale mai laushi. Misalan da ke cikin Yorkshire Dales suna kan gefen ƙasa (arewa) na Mid Craven Fault . Akwai saitin guda ɗaya da ke kewaye da Thorpe (Skelterton, Butter Haw, Stebden, Elbolton, Thorpe Kail, Myra Bank da Hartlington Kail); saitin guda ɗaya da ke kewaye da Malham (Burns Hill, Cawden, da Wedber); da kuma saitin guda ɗaya da ke kewaye da Settle (High Hill da Scaleber). An taɓa yin hasashen cewa a Lancashire, ana iya ganin ƙwanƙolin teku tsakanin ƙauyukan Worston da Downham kusa da Clitheroe . <ref>{{Cite web |title=English Nature: Lancashire Geology |url=http://www.english-nature.org.uk/special/geological/sites/area_ID20.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702162405/http://www.english-nature.org.uk/special/geological/sites/area_ID20.asp |archive-date=2 July 2007 |access-date=13 September 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Miller |first=J. |last2=Grayson |first2=R.F. |date=1972 |title=Origin and structure of Lower Viséan "reef"limestones near Clitheroe, Lancashire |journal=Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=607–638 |doi=10.1144/pygs.38.4.607}}</ref> <ref name="crb">{{Cite web |last=Kabrna |first=Paul |title=Clitheroe Reef Belt |url=http://www.kabrna.com/cpgs/craven/reef_belt.htm |access-date=8 October 2015 |website=Craven Basin:Waulsortian Mudmounds |publisher=Craven & Pendle Geological Society |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119140631/http://www.kabrna.com/cpgs/craven/reef_belt.htm |archive-date=19 November 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == 0a5qomxm14wph6wqlkssj9zxno6ttc4 0 169428 961783 929766 2026-10-02T07:14:45Z BnHamid 12586 961783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pedro Alcantara de Souza''' (ya mutu a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2010) ya kasance mai fafutukar sake fasalin ƙasa Brazil wanda ke aiki a jihar Pará . An harbe shi a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2010. <ref name="BBC" /> Souza ta kasance shugaban kungiyar manoma, kuma wakilin birni na Redenção . A shekara ta 2008, an kashe mutane 20 da suka shafi batutuwan ƙasa a cikin Amazon.<ref name="BBC" /> == Mutuwa da sakamakonsa == De Souza an harbe shi a kai sau biyar [1] da maza biyu a kan babura yayin da yake hawa keke a gefen garin Belém. [2] Kisan ya faru ne jim kadan bayan shari'ar wani mutum da ake zargi da shirya kisan wani mai fafutukar gandun daji a shekara ta 2005, Dorothy Stang . Ta kasance 'yar asalin Amurka da aka harbe ta kuma aka kashe ta a shekara ta 2005.[3] Kungiyoyin masu tsaro sun ce rikice-rikice tsakanin masu kula da kiwo da talakawa manoma game da haƙƙin ƙasa sun haifar da kisan kai 1,200 a duk faɗin Brazil a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin kisan da ba a warware su ba (2000-yanzu) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2010]] 1gobwue4mau0jilhzsdrvfrsxp4nb09 961784 961783 2026-10-02T07:16:01Z BnHamid 12586 Sanya manazarta 961784 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pedro Alcantara de Souza''' (ya mutu a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2010) ya kasance mai fafutukar sake fasalin ƙasa Brazil wanda ke aiki a jihar Pará . An harbe shi a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2010. <ref name="BBC" /> Souza ta kasance shugaban kungiyar manoma, kuma wakilin birni na Redenção . A shekara ta 2008, an kashe mutane 20 da suka shafi batutuwan ƙasa a cikin Amazon.<ref name="BBC" /> == Mutuwa da sakamakonsa == De Souza an harbe shi a kai sau biyar<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1977697,00.html|title=Brazil's Land-Reform Murders: Dark Side of an Economic Miracle|last=Downie|first=Andrew|date=2010-04-04|magazine=Time|access-date=2019-11-21|language=en-US|issn=0040-781X}}</ref> da maza biyu a kan babura yayin da yake hawa keke a gefen garin Belém.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/04/01/pedro-alcantara-de-souza_n_522079.html|title=Huffington Post- Top Amazon activist shot dead in Brazil |accessdate=2010-04-01|date=2010-04-01}}</ref> Kisan ya faru ne jim kadan bayan shari'ar wani mutum da ake zargi da shirya kisan wani mai fafutukar gandun daji a shekara ta 2005, Dorothy Stang . Ta kasance 'yar asalin Amurka da aka harbe ta kuma aka kashe ta a shekara ta 2005.[3] Kungiyoyin masu tsaro sun ce rikice-rikice tsakanin masu kula da kiwo da talakawa manoma game da haƙƙin ƙasa sun haifar da kisan kai 1,200 a duk faɗin Brazil a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin kisan da ba a warware su ba (2000-yanzu) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2010]] idoakr93algcucbgg07e56w9an37b4n 961785 961784 2026-10-02T07:17:15Z BnHamid 12586 961785 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pedro Alcantara de Souza''' (ya mutu a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2010) ya kasance mai fafutukar sake fasalin ƙasa Brazil wanda ke aiki a jihar Pará.<ref name="BBC">{{citation|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8600353.stm|title=Land activist killed in Brazilian Amazon|publisher= BBC news |date=2009-04-02}}</ref> He was shot dead on April 1, 2010.<ref name="BBC" /> An harbe shi a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2010. <ref name="BBC" /> Souza ta kasance shugaban kungiyar manoma, kuma wakilin birni na Redenção . A shekara ta 2008, an kashe mutane 20 da suka shafi batutuwan ƙasa a cikin Amazon.<ref name="BBC" /> == Mutuwa da sakamakonsa == De Souza an harbe shi a kai sau biyar<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1977697,00.html|title=Brazil's Land-Reform Murders: Dark Side of an Economic Miracle|last=Downie|first=Andrew|date=2010-04-04|magazine=Time|access-date=2019-11-21|language=en-US|issn=0040-781X}}</ref> da maza biyu a kan babura yayin da yake hawa keke a gefen garin Belém.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/04/01/pedro-alcantara-de-souza_n_522079.html|title=Huffington Post- Top Amazon activist shot dead in Brazil |accessdate=2010-04-01|date=2010-04-01}}</ref> Kisan ya faru ne jim kadan bayan shari'ar wani mutum da ake zargi da shirya kisan wani mai fafutukar gandun daji a shekara ta 2005, Dorothy Stang . Ta kasance 'yar asalin Amurka da aka harbe ta kuma aka kashe ta a shekara ta 2005.[3] Kungiyoyin masu tsaro sun ce rikice-rikice tsakanin masu kula da kiwo da talakawa manoma game da haƙƙin ƙasa sun haifar da kisan kai 1,200 a duk faɗin Brazil a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin kisan da ba a warware su ba (2000-yanzu) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2010]] g0rbfe253bdnrr71sx6g9sb63vl5fn7 0 169471 961848 929918 2026-10-02T10:57:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961848 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Gabe Muoneke | image = | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1978|2|7}} | birth_place = [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]], United States | nationality = Nigerian-American | height_ft = 6 | height_in = 7 | weight_lbs = 250 | position = [[Power forward (basketball)|Power forward]] / [[Center (basketball)|Center]] | college = [[Texas Longhorns men's basketball|Texas]] | draft_year = 2000 | draft_round = Undrafted | career_start = 2000 | career_end = 2009 | national_team = [[Nigeria men's national basketball team|Nigeria]] }} '''Nnadubem Gabriel Enyinaya Muoneke''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Gabe Muoneke''', ɗan wasan [[kwallon kwando]] ne ɗan Najeriya da Ba'amurke da ya yi ritaya. An haife shi a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 1978 a [[Ann Arbor]], Michigan, Amurka. Yana da tsawon santimita 201 (ƙafa 6 da inci 7), kuma ya taka leda a matsayin ''power forward'' da ''center''. Duk da cewa an haife shi a Amurka, Muoneke ya wakilci [[Nigeria]] a gasar kwallon kwando ta duniya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nnadubem Gabriel E. Muoneke |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/players/136803-nnadubem-gabriel-e-muoneke |website=FIBA Basketball}}</ref> == Rayuwarsa ta farko da karatu == An haifi Muoneke ne ga iyayen Najeriya a Michigan yayin da mahaifinsa, Nik Muoneke, yake karatu a Amurka. Iyalin sun koma Texas lokacin da yake ɗan shekara uku, inda ya girma a Houston. Mahaifinsa farfesa ne a fannin lissafi, yayin da mahaifiyarsa, Njideka, take aiki a matsayin ''medical technologist''. Sunansa cikakke, Nnadubem Gabriel Enyinaya Muoneke, yana da ma'anoni na musamman; jami'ar Texas ta bayyana cewa "Nnadubem" na nufin Allah ya shiryar da ni. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nnadubem Gabe Muoneke (1997-2000) |url=https://texaslonghorns.com/news/2006/6/22/062206aaa_769 |website=Texas Longhorns}}</ref> Muoneke ya fara karatunsa a makarantar St. Christopher's Private Catholic School, sannan ya halarci Cypress Falls High School da ke Houston. A lokacin yana makarantar sakandare ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasan kwando a yankin Houston. A shekarar ƙarshe ta makarantar, ya samu matsakaicin maki 25.0 da rebounds 12.3 a kowane wasa, sannan ya taimaka wa Cypress Falls ta kai matakin kwata-fainal na gasar Class 5A ta Texas. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nnadubem Gabe Muoneke (1997-2000) |url=https://texaslonghorns.com/news/2006/6/22/062206aaa_769 |website=Texas Longhorns}}</ref> == Aikin jami'a == Muoneke ya shiga [[University of Texas at Austin]] a shekarar 1996, inda ya yi shekaru huɗu yana taka leda a ƙungiyar [[Texas Longhorns]]. Ya kasance ɗan wasa na farko a matsayinsa na ''power forward'' a cikin shekaru huɗun da ya yi a jami'ar. A lokacin da ya kammala karatu, ya kasance na biyu a tarihin jami'ar wajen yawan wasannin da ya buga da 124, na shida wajen rebounds da 702, na bakwai wajen fara wasa a matsayin ɗan wasa na farko da 104, na tara wajen blocks da 62, sannan na 12 wajen maki da 1,456. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nnadubem Gabe Muoneke (1997-2000) |url=https://texaslonghorns.com/news/2006/6/22/062206aaa_769 |website=Texas Longhorns}}</ref> A kakar 1998–99, Muoneke ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimaka wa Texas Longhorns lashe gasar Big 12 ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullum. Ya samu matsakaicin maki 16.5 da rebounds 6.6 a kowane wasa, kuma ya kasance jagoran Texas wajen cin maki. Saboda irin wannan bajinta, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na farko na ''All-Big 12'' bisa yarjejeniya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nnadubem Gabe Muoneke (1997-2000) |url=https://texaslonghorns.com/news/2006/6/22/062206aaa_769 |website=Texas Longhorns}}</ref> A kakar 1999–2000, wadda ita ce shekararsa ta ƙarshe a Texas, ya buga wasanni 33, inda ya fara 25 daga cikinsu. Ya samu matsakaicin maki 13.7, rebounds 6.3 da assists 1.9 a kowane wasa. An zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan wasa na biyu na ''All-Big 12'' daga masu horarwa da kafafen yaɗa labarai, sannan ya samu zaɓin ''First-team NABC All-District 9''. <ref>{{cite web |title=1999-2000 Texas Longhorns Men's Roster and Stats |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/schools/texas/men/2000.html |website=Sports-Reference}}</ref> == Fara sana'ar kwando == Bayan kammala karatunsa a Texas, Muoneke bai samu zaɓe a cikin [[2000 NBA Draft]] ba. Sai dai ya ci gaba da neman damar taka leda a matakin ƙwararru, inda ya fara aikinsa a shekarar 2000 da Fort Wayne Fury, Chicago Skyliners da Trenton Shooting Stars. Daga baya ya koma Turai, inda ya taka leda a Pınar Karşıyaka ta Turkiyya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gabe Muoneke Player Profile |url=https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Gabe-Muoneke/Summary/741 |website=RealGM}}</ref> A shekarar 2001 ya buga wa Boca Juniors ta Argentina, sannan ya koma Columbus Riverdragons a NBA Development League. A shekarar 2002 ya buga wa Santurce Crabbers na Puerto Rico da Purefoods TJ Hotdogs na Philippines. Daga baya ya sake komawa NBA Development League, inda ya buga wa Roanoke Dazzle. A shekarar 2002–03, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ''All-NBA D-League Honorable Mention''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gabe Muoneke Player Profile |url=https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Gabe-Muoneke/Summary/741 |website=RealGM}}</ref> == Yunkurin shiga NBA == Ko da yake bai samu damar buga wasan NBA na yau da kullum ba, Muoneke ya samu kwangiloli da dama da ƙungiyoyin NBA. A shekarar 2002 ya sanya hannu da [[Detroit Pistons]], amma aka sake shi kafin fara kakar wasa. A shekarar 2003 ya sanya hannu da [[Houston Rockets]], amma shi ma aka sake shi daga baya. A shekarar 2007 ya sanya hannu da [[Charlotte Bobcats]], sannan a 2008 ya sanya hannu da [[Utah Jazz]], amma babu ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan kwangilolin da ya kai ga buga wasan NBA na yau da kullum. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gabe Muoneke Player Profile |url=https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Gabe-Muoneke/Summary/741 |website=RealGM}}</ref> Muoneke ya kuma taka leda a NBA Development League, wadda daga baya aka kira NBA G League. A kakar 2007–08 ya buga wa Rio Grande Valley Vipers wasanni 12, inda ya samu matsakaicin maki 26.2, rebounds 5.3 da assists 2.8 a kowane wasa. A waɗannan wasannin ya fara dukkan wasanni 12, kuma wannan ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun lokutan aikinsa a gasar. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gabe Muoneke G League Stats |url=https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Gabe-Muoneke/D-League/741/2008 |website=RealGM}}</ref> == Sana'ar ƙwallon kwando a ƙasashen waje == Muoneke ya shafe kusan shekaru tara yana taka leda a ƙasashe daban-daban. Ya buga a Turkiyya, Argentina, Puerto Rico, Philippines, Spain, China, Koriya ta Kudu, Iran, Faransa da sauran wurare. Daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da ya taka wa leda akwai CB Cáceres, Beijing Aoshen, Busan KTF Magic Wings, Seoul SK Knights, Ponce Lions, Zhejiang Guangsha, Saba Battery, TAU Cerámica, ASVEL da Yunnan Bulls. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gabe Muoneke Player Profile |url=https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Gabe-Muoneke/Summary/741 |website=RealGM}}</ref> A lokacin da yake China, Muoneke ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan ƙasashen waje da suka yi fice wajen cin maki. Ya buga wa Beijing Aoshen da Zhejiang Guangsha, sannan daga baya ya koma Yunnan Bulls. A wannan lokaci ya kasance yana yawan samar da maki masu yawa, abin da ya ƙara masa suna a gasar kwando ta China. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gabe Muoneke Player Profile |url=https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Gabe-Muoneke/Summary/741 |website=RealGM}}</ref> A kakar 2007–08, Muoneke ya buga wa TAU Cerámica ta Spain, wadda daga baya aka fi sani da Baskonia. Ya kuma sake komawa Saba Battery ta Iran, sannan ya shiga ASVEL Villeurbanne ta Faransa a shekarar 2008. Bayan ɗan lokaci a ASVEL, ya koma wasu ƙungiyoyi kafin ya kammala babban ɓangaren aikinsa na ƙwararru. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gabe Muoneke Career Timeline |url=https://basketball.realgm.com/player/Gabe-Muoneke/Timeline/741 |website=RealGM}}</ref> == Nasarori a Asiya == Ɗaya daga cikin manyan nasarorin Muoneke a ƙasashen waje ta faru ne a Asiya. Ya lashe [[FIBA Asia Champions Cup]] tare da Saba Battery, sannan a shekarar 2008 an ba shi kyautar ''Most Valuable Player'' (MVP) ta gasar. Wannan nasara ta nuna irin muhimmiyar rawar da ya taka a gasar kwando ta Asiya a ƙarshen aikinsa. <ref>{{cite web |title=2008 FIBA Asia Champions Cup |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/ |website=FIBA}}</ref> == Tawagar ƙasar Najeriya == Duk da haihuwarsa a Amurka, Muoneke ya zaɓi wakiltar [[Najeriya]] a matakin ƙasa. An fara kiran shi zuwa tawagar ƙasar a shekarar 2003 domin buga [[FIBA Africa Championship]]. A wannan gasar, Najeriya ta kai wasan ƙarshe, inda ta samu lambar azurfa bayan Angola ta lashe gasar. FIBA ta bayyana Muoneke a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin muhimman 'yan wasan tawagar Najeriya a wannan lokaci. <ref>{{cite web |title=NGR - Muoneke leading the Nigeria quest |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/news/ngr-muoneke-leading-the-nigeria-quest |website=FIBA Basketball}}</ref> A shekarar 2005, Muoneke ya sake wakiltar Najeriya a FIBA Africa Championship da aka gudanar a Algeria. Najeriya ta kammala gasar a matsayi na uku, inda ta samu lambar tagulla. A cikin wasanni takwas da ya buga, ya samu matsakaicin maki 7.8, rebounds 2.8 da assists 0.6 a kowane wasa. A wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da Angola, ya zura maki 16. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gabe Muoneke - 2005 FIBA Afrobasket |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/179-fiba-afrobasket/3772/players/136803-gabe-muoneke |website=FIBA Basketball}}</ref> Muoneke ya kasance cikin tawagar Najeriya da ta halarci [[2006 FIBA World Championship]] a Japan. A wasanni shida da ya buga, ya samu matsakaicin maki 11.7, rebounds 4.0 da assists 1.5 a kowane wasa. A wasan zagaye na biyu da Jamus, wanda Najeriya ta sha kashi da maki ɗaya, Muoneke ya zura maki 16, ya kwashi rebounds biyar sannan ya bayar da assists huɗu. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gabe Muoneke - 2006 FIBA World Championship |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/201-fiba-basketball-world-cup/2941/players/136803-gabe-muoneke |website=FIBA Basketball}}</ref> A shekarar 2009, an nada Muoneke kyaftin ɗin tawagar Najeriya a FIBA Africa Championship da aka gudanar a Libya. A wasanni tara da ya buga, ya samu matsakaicin maki 10.6, rebounds 4.2 da assists 1.2 a kowane wasa. Ɗaya daga cikin fitattun wasanninsa a gasar shi ne wasan da Najeriya ta buga da Angola, inda ya zura maki 33, ya kwashi rebounds bakwai sannan ya yi steal guda ɗaya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gabe Muoneke - 2009 FIBA Afrobasket |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/en/history/179-fiba-afrobasket/3360/players/136803-gabe-muoneke |website=FIBA Basketball}}</ref> == Ritaya daga kwando == Bayan shafe shekaru kusan tara yana taka ƙwallon kwando a ƙasashe daban-daban, Muoneke ya yi ritaya daga wasan ƙwararru a kusa da ƙarshen shekarar 2009. Tun kafin ya yi ritaya, ya fara shirin komawa fannin makamashi, musamman masana'antar mai da iskar gas a Najeriya da Afirka. <ref>{{cite web |title=Living the Dream: Gabe Muoneke's Return to Nigeria |url=https://magazine.engr.utexas.edu/2017/living-the-dream |website=Texas Engineer Magazine, University of Texas at Austin}}</ref> == Sana'ar injiniya da kasuwanci == Muoneke ya yi karatun ''Petroleum Engineering'' a University of Texas at Austin, inda ya samu digirinsa na farko a shekarar 2002. Bayan ritayarsa daga kwando, ya fara aiki da Afren, wani kamfanin binciken da hako mai na Birtaniya. Aikin ya ba shi ƙwarewa wajen gudanar da ayyukan makamashi da kuma neman kuɗaɗen gudanar da manyan ayyuka. <ref>{{cite web |title=Living the Dream: Gabe Muoneke's Return to Nigeria |url=https://magazine.engr.utexas.edu/2017/living-the-dream |website=Texas Engineer Magazine, University of Texas at Austin}}</ref> Daga baya Muoneke ya kafa '''MTX''', wani kamfanin makamashi da ke Najeriya. Jami'ar Texas ta bayyana shi a matsayin wanda ya kafa kamfanin, kuma ''Executive Director'' da ''CEO''. Kamfanin ya mayar da hankali kan samar da ayyukan makamashi masu ɗorewa da kuma hanyoyin samar da kuɗaɗen gudanar da ayyukan makamashi a Afirka. <ref>{{cite web |title=Cockrell School Honors Three Outstanding Young Engineering Graduates |url=https://cockrell.utexas.edu/news/cockrell-school-honors-three-outstanding-young-engineering-graduates/ |website=Cockrell School of Engineering, University of Texas at Austin}}</ref> Aikin Muoneke a fannin makamashi ya sa aka karrama shi a University of Texas. A shekarar 2016, Cockrell School of Engineering ta zaɓe shi cikin waɗanda aka karrama da lambar ''Outstanding Young Engineering Graduate''. Jami'ar ta yaba da nasarorin da ya samu wajen kasuwanci, jagoranci da kuma ƙoƙarin samar da ayyukan makamashi masu ɗorewa a Afirka. <ref>{{cite web |title=Texas ex Nnadubem Gabe Muoneke recognized as Outstanding Young Engineering Graduate |url=https://texaslonghorns.com/news/2016/12/6/mens-basketball-texas-ex-nnadubem-gabe-muoneke-recognized-as-outstanding-young-engineering-graduate |website=Texas Longhorns}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, sashen Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering na University of Texas ya sake karrama shi a matsayin ''Rising Star'' a cikin shirin ''Distinguished Alumni''. Wannan karramawar ta nuna yadda ya haɗa ilimin injiniya, ƙwarewar kasuwanci da abubuwan da ya koya daga rayuwarsa ta wasan kwando wajen gina sana'a a fannin makamashi. <ref>{{cite web |title=2017 Distinguished Alumni Program |url=https://www.pge.utexas.edu/wp-content/uploads/EnergyOne2017-web.pdf |website=University of Texas Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering |access-date=2026-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220030403/https://www.pge.utexas.edu/wp-content/uploads/EnergyOne2017-web.pdf |archive-date=2025-02-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar kansa == Muoneke ya yi aure kuma yana da yara. Ya bayyana cewa burinsa na dogon lokaci shi ne ya koma Najeriya domin ya yi amfani da iliminsa da ƙwarewarsa wajen taimakawa ci gaban ƙasar da kuma nahiyar Afirka. A lokacin da yake karatu da kuma bayan ya koma sana'ar makamashi, ya ci gaba da kasancewa yana da alaƙa da Najeriya da al'ummar Najeriya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Living the Dream: Gabe Muoneke's Return to Nigeria |url=https://magazine.engr.utexas.edu/2017/living-the-dream |website=Texas Engineer Magazine}}</ref> Muoneke ya kuma kasance mai sha'awar koyon harsuna da fasahar yaƙin jiki. Mujallar Texas Engineer ta bayyana cewa yana magana da harsuna bakwai, sannan yana da ƙwarewa a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Waɗannan abubuwan sun kasance daga cikin abubuwan da suka bambanta rayuwarsa a wajen kwallon kwando da aikin injiniya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Living the Dream: Gabe Muoneke's Return to Nigeria |url=https://magazine.engr.utexas.edu/2017/living-the-dream |website=Texas Engineer Magazine}}</ref> == Nasarori == * [[Big 12 Conference]] First Team – 1999. * Big 12 Conference Second Team – 2000. * NABC All-District 9 First Team – 2000. * NBA G League Honorable Mention – 2002. * Lambar azurfa ta FIBA Africa Championship tare da Najeriya – 2003. * Lambar tagulla ta FIBA Africa Championship tare da Najeriya – 2005. * FIBA Asia Champions Cup Champion – 2007. * FIBA Asia Champions Cup MVP – 2008. * Kyaftin ɗin tawagar Najeriya a FIBA Africa Championship – 2009. <ref>{{cite web |title=Nnadubem Gabe Muoneke (1997-2000) |url=https://texaslonghorns.com/news/2006/6/22/062206aaa_769 |website=Texas Longhorns}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 7mgfzmad21cpdhyewrit84k1vqj5z0e 0 169559 961618 930158 2026-10-01T23:29:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dutsen Tongtian''', ko kuma Tongtian Cliff, <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=15 February 2008 |title=Grottos on Tongtian Cliff |url=http://en.chinaculture.org/library/2008-02/15/content_33329.htm |website=[[Chinaculture.org]]}}</ref> wuri ne mai kyau na ƙasar Danxia, <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2013-04-20 |title=Take you to see the ancient art treasures |url=http://jx.sina.com.cn/travel/raiders/2013-04-20/070025003.html |website=Sina.com.cn}}</ref> wanda ke cikin Garin Shuixi, Gundumar Zhanggong, Birnin Ganzhou, Lardin Jiangxi, China. An ce "a arewacin China, akwai [[Kogon Mogao|Kogunan Mogao na Dunhuang]], a kudancin China, akwai Dutsen Ganzhou Tongtian". <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2013-06-22 |title=List of suitable cities for retirement in Jiangxi |url=http://jx.sina.com.cn/travel/raiders/2013-06-22/071234807.html |website=Sina.com.cn}}</ref> An tono [[Grotto|kogunan]] dutsen Tongtian a daular Tang kuma sun bunƙasa a daular Song ta Arewa . Har yanzu akwai mutum-mutumi 359 na dutse tun daga daular Tang zuwa daular Song da kuma sassaka dutse 128 daga daular Song zuwa Jamhuriyar China, wanda hakan ya sanya shi babban gidan ibada na kogon Buddha a yankin Jiangnan, don haka aka san shi da "Kogon Farko a Kudancin China ". <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=18 July 2017 |title=Geo-environment characteristics of weathering deterioration of Tongtianyan Carved Stone Relics, China |url=https://www.americangeosciences.org/sites/default/files/igc/4760.pdf |website=[[American Geosciences Institute]] |access-date=12 September 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612192123/https://www.americangeosciences.org/sites/default/files/igc/4760.pdf |archive-date=12 June 2024 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Dutsen Tongtian shine kogon dutse mafi kudanci a yankin ƙasar Sin . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2010-09-16 |title=The First Grotto in Jiangnan |url=https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20100916001047-260301?chdtv |website=China Times}}</ref> Wang Yangming da sauran mawaka da marubutan adabi sun taɓa sassaka rubuce-rubuce a nan. == Manazarta == qkuozzhct59e9hxvtp8wr7ou60a4d6r 0 169759 961407 930957 2026-10-01T13:48:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Coláiste Phádraig (Kolejin St. Patrick) makarantar sakandare ce ta 'yan uwan Kirista don yara maza a Lucan, County Dublin, Ireland . <ref name="Mission">{{Cite web |title=Our Mission |url=http://www.colaistephadraiglucan.ie/our-school/our-mission/ |access-date=12 July 2018 |publisher=Coláiste Phádraig}}</ref> Tana cikin wani yanki da ake kira Roselawn tare da babban harabar da ta haɗa da kotunan kwando guda uku, filin kwallon kafa guda biyu, babban ginin makaranta da kuma zauren wasanni na zamani wanda ya haɗa da dakin motsa jiki na makaranta. Coláiste Phádraig na daga cikin makarantun Edmund Rice Trust.<ref name="ERST">{{Cite web |title=Coláiste Phádraig, an Edmund Rice school |url=http://www.erst.ie/our-schools/detail/colaiste-phadraig |access-date=12 July 2018 |publisher=Edmund Rice Schools Trust}}</ref> == Tarihi == An buɗe makarantar a watan Satumba na shekarar 1969, kuma a lokacin ƙuruciyarta ta ƙunshi malamai biyu kacal da ɗalibai arba'in da biyar. <ref name="Stair">{{Cite web |title=School History |url=http://www.colaistephadraiglucan.ie/our-school/school-history/ |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Coláiste Phádraig}}</ref> An koyar da darussa na farko a cikin gabatarwa ɗaya kawai. A shekarun 1970, domin a daidaita yawan ɗalibai, an ƙara ƙarin zane-zane kafin a fara gina sabon ginin makaranta, wanda daga ƙarshe aka buɗe shi a shekarar 1978. <ref name="Stair" /> An ƙara samun ci gaba da bunƙasa, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwar yawan ma'aikatan makarantar zuwa talatin a ƙarshen shekaru goma. <ref name="Stair" /> Duk da haka, da yawan jama'a da ke Lucan ya ƙaru, <ref name="Pop">{{Cite web |title=Census of Population 2016 - Preliminary Results |url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cpr/censusofpopulation2016-preliminaryresults/geochan/ |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Central Statistics Office}}</ref> ginin makarantar da ke akwai bai ƙara girma ba, don haka aka gina babban faɗaɗa a shekarar 2004 don faɗaɗa sawun makarantar. <ref name="RoinnOideachas">{{Cite web |date=25 January 2008 |title=Whole School Evaluation Report - Coláiste Phádraig Lucan |url=https://www.education.ie/en/Publications/Inspection-Reports-Publications/Whole-School-Evaluation-Reports-List/report3_60264A.htm |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Department of Education}}</ref> An ƙara ƙarin wurin dakunan gwaje-gwaje na kwamfuta da kimiyya da ɗakin karatu na sana'o'i ban da sabbin ɗakunan aikin ƙarfe da na katako da kuma wurin motsa jiki. A farkon shekarar 2023, an gina sabon bene mai hawa biyu a kudu maso yammacin ginin da ke yanzu. Ya ƙunshi azuzuwa 7 na yau da kullun, sashin buƙatu na musamman, da kuma ɗakin karatu. An fara amfani da shi a watan Yuni, ɗaliban makarantar 'yan mata ta kusa, Kwalejin St. Joseph, inda suka kammala karatunsu na kammala karatunsu yayin da ake gyaran makarantarsu. Ya zuwa shekarar 2023, akwai malamai 57 a makarantar, inda ɗalibai 704 ke halarta. <ref name="RoinnOideachas2">{{Cite web |date=14 January 2015 |title=Whole School Evaluation - Management, Leadership, and Learning |url=https://www.education.ie/en/Publications/Inspection-Reports-Publications/Whole-School-Evaluation-Reports-List/report15_60264A.pdf |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Department of Education}}</ref> <ref name="IrTimes2" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-12 |title=Post-primary schools enrolment figures |url=https://www.gov.ie/en/collection/post-primary-schools/#20242025 |access-date=2025-02-14 |website=www.gov.ie |language=en}}</ref> Tom O'Meara shine shugaban makarantar a yanzu, yayin da Tony Canning da Kevin Carey su ne mataimakan shugaban makarantar a yanzu. <ref name="IrTimes2">{{Cite web |title=Coláiste Phádraig CBS, Lucan |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/feeder-schools/colaiste-phadraig-cbs/60264A |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=The Irish Times}}</ref> An gina lambun tunawa, ban da kyautar ɗalibai, a makarantar ga Mark O'Neill, ɗalibi wanda ya mutu yayin da yake halartar makarantar. <ref name="ERST2">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Coláiste Phádraig CBS Lucan |url=http://www.erst.ie/uploads/Siol_issue4_web.pdf |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Edmund Rice Schools Trust |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117095550/http://www.erst.ie/uploads/Siol_issue4_web.pdf |archive-date=17 November 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Fitattun tsofaffin ɗalibai == * Johnny McCaffery - tsohon kyaftin na ƙungiyar wasan jifa [[Dublin|ta Dublin]] . * Derek McGrath (ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa) - tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC]] * Bryan McMahon - mai buga ganga tare da Sarakunan Spain na gaba * Darragh Markey - ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa tare da St. Patrick's Athletic, wanda ya lashe gasar Centenary Shield tare da Ireland. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ireland reclaim centenary shield |url=https://www.independent.ie/regionals/dublin/ireland-reclaim-centenary-shield/31168257.html |access-date=12 July 2018 |publisher=Herald}}</ref> * Salvatore na Lucan - mai zane * Daithí de Róiste - tsohon magajin garin Dublin == Ayyukan waje na makaranta == Makarantar tana gudanar da jerin ayyukan da ba na manhaja ba. Makarantar tana ci gaba da shiga gasar BT Young Scientist, kuma ta samar da kyaututtuka da dama a baje kolin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BT Young Scientist exhibition: Category winners |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/science/bt-young-scientist-exhibition-category-winners-1.2936674}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=BT Young Scientist top award won by teen alcohol project |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/science/bt-young-scientist-top-award-won-by-teen-alcohol-project-1.2060925?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/science/bt-young-scientist-top-award-won-by-teen-alcohol-project-1.2060925}}</ref> A shekarar 2012, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta shekarar farko ta makarantar ta lashe Kofin Leinster, gasar makarantu da FAI ta shirya. Wannan ya biyo bayan nasarori makamancin haka a shekarar 2016. <ref name="FAI">{{Cite web |title=Leinster Post Primary Boys - Results |url=http://www.faischools.ie/leinster/post-primary-boys/results?page=1&field_date_value%5Bvalue%5D&order=field_team_a&sort=asc |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Football Association of Ireland}}</ref> Kwanan nan, makarantar ta gabatar da [[Kwallon ƙafa na Rugby|ƙungiyoyin rugby]], [[kurket]], hockey, da kuma ƙungiyoyin ƙarshe, da kuma ƙungiyar muhawara, <ref name="RoinnOideachas2" /> waɗanda ke fafatawa a gasa kamar Gasar Makarantu, wadda Oxford Union ta shirya. <ref name="Ox">{{Cite web |title=Oxford Schools Debates |url=https://www.oxfordschools.net/ |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Oxford Schools Union}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, makarantar tana shirya gasar ƙungiyoyi 5 don ayyukan agaji, wacce aka sanya wa suna don girmama Mark O'Neill. <ref name="Hark">{{Cite web |date=13 May 2015 |title=West Dublin: School hopes to raise €2k |url=https://www.independent.ie/regionals/herald/west-dublin-school-hopes-to-raise-2k/31217839.html |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=The Evening Herald}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, makarantar ta zama Zakaran All-Ireland a matakin 'A' a ƙwallon kwando na 'yan ƙasa da shekara 16 bayan wani gagarumin ci gaba a wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Coláiste Phádraig clinch National title |url=http://www.echo.ie/sport/article/colaiste-phadraig-clinch-national-title |access-date=2026-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905015646/https://www.echo.ie//sport/article/colaiste-phadraig-clinch-national-title |archive-date=2019-09-05 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Heartbreak for Regina Mundi |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/sport/other-sports/heartbreak-for-regina-mundi-as-ballyshannon-secure-all-ireland-crown-378177.html |access-date=12 July 2018 |publisher=Irish Examiner}}</ref> Har ila yau makarantar ta yi suna saboda shiga cikin gasa da yawa [[Harshen Irish|na Yaren Irish]] kamar Feachtas ''Tráth na gCéist'', wanda ta yi nasara sau uku <ref>{{Cite web |title=GAILEARAÍ: An ceann is fearr faighte ag Coláiste Phádraig, Leamhcán ar 27 scoil eile ag tráth na gceist Feachtas |url=https://tuairisc.ie/gailearai-an-ceann-is-fearr-faighte-ag-colaiste-phadraig-leamhcan-ar-27-scoil-eile-ag-trath-na-gceist-feachtas/ |access-date=11 July 2018 |publisher=Tuairisc}}</ref> <ref name="Newsletter2">{{Cite web |date=18 March 2018 |title=Tráth na gCeist |url=http://www.lucannewsletter.ie/archive/mar182018.pdf |access-date=2 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803014536/http://www.lucannewsletter.ie/archive/mar182018.pdf |archive-date=3 August 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> da yawancin gasa na muhawara na Irish. <ref name="Newsletter1">{{Cite web |date=17 December 2017 |title=Lucan Newsletter |url=http://www.lucannewsletter.ie/archive/dec172017.pdf |access-date=12 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712152434/http://www.lucannewsletter.ie/archive/dec172017.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Saboda waɗannan nasarorin, ana ɗaukar Coláiste Phadráig CBS ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun makarantun da ba Gaelscoil ba wajen koyarwa da haɓaka Gaeilge a matsayin harshe. <ref name="Newsletter1" /> Makarantar kuma tana tallafawa Seachtain na Gaeilge (makon yaren Irish) kowace shekara. == Kayan aiki == Makarantar tana da kayan aiki na zamani da yawa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da dakunan gwaje-gwaje guda biyar, ɗakunan kwamfuta guda huɗu, ɗakin aikin ƙarfe da na katako, ɗakin tattalin arziki na gida, babban kanti da kuma ɗakin karatu inda ake gudanar da duk jarrabawar jiha (Takardar Shaidar Ƙarami da Takaddun Shaida ). A waje, akwai filin wasa na yara ƙanana da na manya, filin wasa na ƙwallon ƙafa, ƙwallon ƙafa ta Gaelic da filin wasa na jefar da motoci ga masu kallon makarantar da kuma filayen wasan ƙwallon kwando guda biyu. Ana kuma sanya kwallayen ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin yadi. Akwai wani babban zauren wasanni kusa da ginin makarantar wanda aka gyara kwanan nan. Yana da wuraren wasan tennis, ƙwallon ƙafa, hockey, badminton, da ƙwallon kwando . Haka kuma yana ɗauke da wani ɗakin motsa jiki na zamani wanda ɗalibai da malamai ke amfani da shi. [1] An zaɓi makarantar, wacce ke da ɗakunan kwamfuta da yawa, <ref name="Áiseanna">{{Cite web |title=School Facilities |url=http://www.colaistephadraiglucan.ie/information/school-facilities/ |access-date=2 August 2018 |publisher=Coláiste Phádraig Lucan}}</ref> a matsayin makarantar gwaji don koyar da kimiyyar kwamfuta a matsayin darasin kammala karatun digiri . <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2018 |title=First computer science Leaving Cert exam set for 2020 |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/ireland/first-computer-science-leaving-cert-exam-set-for-2020-821190.html}}</ref> == Manazarta == c1g8btn1ezr1h48etdjir17arau5i9u 0 169929 961428 931749 2026-10-01T15:46:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961428 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  zanga-zangar Stop Line 3 jerin zanga-zambe ne da ke gudana a jihar [[Minnesota]] ta Amurka game da fadada bututun mai na Enbridge ta Line 3 tare da sabuwar hanya. An kammala sabuwar hanyar a watan Satumbar 2021, kuma ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga watan Oktoba 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-29 |title=Enbridge says Line 3 replacement complete, opens Friday |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2021/09/29/enbridge-says-line-3-replacement-complete-opens-friday |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=MPR News |language=en}}</ref> 'Yan asalin ƙasar sun jagoranci juriya ga gina bututun mai, wanda ya fara biyo bayan amincewar aikin a watan Nuwamba 2020. Masu adawa da fadada bututun mai, waɗanda ake kira Masu kare ruwa, sun kafa ɗakunan bukukuwan da sansanonin juriya a kan hanyar bututun mai. Enbridge ta ba da kuɗin asusun ajiya wanda hukumomin tilasta bin doka zasu iya amfani da shi don aikin 'yan sanda da ke da alaƙa da bututun mai. Masu shirya taron sun shirya tafiye-tafiye da ayyukan gine-ginen Enbridge. Bayan toshewar tashar famfo ta Enbridge a ranar 7 ga Yuni, 2021, an kama kusan mutane 250. Da yake kiran Hakkin yarjejeniya, masu shirya sun kafa sansani a bakin [[Mississippi (kogi)|Kogin Mississippi]] a wani shafin da Enbridge ke da niyyar binne bututun. == Tarihi == === Hakkin Yarjejeniya === [[File:Ojibwe_map_pre-contact_blur.svg|thumb|Taswirar da aka yi kafin tuntuɓar ƙasashen Anishinaabe]] Sashe na Mafi Girma na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka Mataki na VI, Sashe na 2 ya kafa yarjejeniyoyi a matsayin "Babban Dokar Ƙasar". Yarjejeniyar tsakanin ƙungiyoyin Anishinaabe da gwamnatin Amurka sun tabbatar da wasu Hakkin yarjejeniya ga membobinsu, wato haƙƙin girbi Shinkafa ta daji, kifi, farauta, da tattara tsire-tsire masu magani a ƙasashen da aka ba su. An tabbatar da waɗannan haƙƙoƙin a cikin Kotun Koli ta Amurka Minnesota v. Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa Indians . Dukkanin bututun Layin 3 da ke akwai da kuma fadada ƙasashe da aka tsara sun ba da izini a cikin yarjejeniyoyi. A cikin Yarjejeniyar La Pointe ta 1854, Ojibwe Bands na Lake Superior da Kogin Mississippi sun ba da ƙasashe a Yankin Arrowhead yayin da suke riƙe da farauta, kamun kifi da haƙƙin tattarawa. A cikin Yarjejeniyar Washington ta 1855, ƙungiyoyin Ojibwa guda biyu sun ba da ƙasa amma sun riƙe haƙƙoƙin amfani su. An ba da ƙarin ƙasashen kabilanci a cikin Yarjejeniyar Tsohon Tsakiyar 1863, kodayake an riƙe haƙƙin farauta, kamun kifi da tarawa. === Enbridge da Layin 3 === [[File:Select_crude_oil_pipelines_in_the_United_States_and_Canada_as_of_October_1,_2021_(51654881015).png|thumb|Hanyar maye gurbin aikin Layin 3 ta hanyar Minnesota]] Enbridge kamfani ne na Kanada wanda ke kula da manyan hanyoyin sadarwa a Amurka. Jirgin mai na Enbridge Line 5, wanda ke da alhakin zubar da man fetur na Kogin Kalamazoo na 2010, Gwamnan Michigan Gretchen Whitmer ya soke shi a 1953 a watan Nuwamba 2020 saboda damuwa game da yiwuwar tasirin zubar da ruwa ga Great Lakes. Kamfanin Lakehead Pipeline Company yanzu Enbridge ne ya gina bututun Layin 3 a cikin shekarun 1960. Shi ne tushen zubar da mai na Layin 3 a Grand Rapids, Minnesota, mafi munin zubar da man fetur a cikin tarihin Amurka, wanda ya zubar da galan miliyan 1.7 na mai a cikin wani kogi na [[Mississippi (kogi)|Kogin Mississippi]]. Har ila yau, ita ce tushen mafi munin man fetur na biyu a tarihin Minnesota, lokacin da galan miliyan 1.3 na man fetur ya zubo a kusa da Argyle, Minnesota. Rashin lalacewar bututun Layin 3 na yanzu ya haifar da lalacewar tsarin da ya sa bututun ya kasance mai saurin zubar da ruwa da kuma zubar da mai. A matsayin matakan kariya a cikin 2008, Enbridge ya rage ƙarfin bututun zuwa ganga 390,000 a kowace rana. === zanga-zangar adawa da bututun ruwa a cikin shekarun 2010 === A cikin shekarun 2010 a Amurka, kamfen ɗin da aka yi a kan bututun mai ya sami kulawa ta kafofin watsa labarai. Wani kamfen da 'yan asalin ƙasar ke jagoranta a kan Dakota Access Pipeline wanda ke tsakiya a Standing Rock Indian Reservation ya samo asali ne daga karamin sansanin zanga-zangar don tayar da motsi na kasa da kasa game da ayyukan bututun mai. Bayan juriya ga bututun Sandpiper da aka tsara, wanda zai wuce ta hanyar kogin Mississippi da kuma wurin zama na shinkafa a Minnesota, Enbridge ya soke aikin, ya janye aikace-aikacensa a cikin 2016. Bayan shekaru na adawa da bututun Keystone XL, Gwamnatin Biden ta soke izinin ta a watan Janairun 2021. === Yaduwar da aka tsara === A cikin 2015, Enbridge ta ba da sanarwar cewa ta nemi kara karfin hanyar sadarwar bututun ta ta hanyar sake ba da Layin 3 ta hanyar sabon bututun da aka gina, mafi girma tare da wani nau'i daban, mai amfani da ke akwai. Ana gina sabon sashi na bututun mai mai mai nisan kilomita 36 "mai nisan kilomita 340 <ref name="NYT" /> tare da hanyar da ta ratsa ruwa da ƙasashen ƙabilar Anishinaabe na kakanninmu a arewacin Minnesota, yana wucewa tsakanin Leech Lake Indian Reservation, Red Lake Indian Resersvation, da White Earth Indian Reservoir. Enbridge na tsammanin kammala fadada bututun mai na dala biliyan 7.3 <ref name="NYT" /> zai kai kusan ganga 760,000 na man fetur a kowace rana. == Tattaunawar da aka yi game da bututun mai == === Damuwa da muhalli === Babban abin damuwa game da muhalli game da bututun shine yiwuwar zubar da mai. Hanyar sabon bututun mai tana gudana ta hanyar "wasu daga cikin itatuwa da wuraren da ke da ruwa a Arewacin Amurka", ta haye ruwa sama da 200, gami da [[Mississippi (kogi)|Kogin Mississippi]], tabkuna, rafi, da wuraren da ake da ruwa. Hanyar da Enbridge ta gabatar ta wuce sama da kadada 3,400 (14 ) na ruwa a cikin ƙasashe masu kariya waɗanda ke tallafawa mazaunin shinkafa na daji. man fetur na yashi, wanda ya fi nauyi fiye da na yau da kullun, yana daga cikin mafi yawan man fetur na carbon a duniya. Sanarwar tasirin muhalli ta Enbridge don Layin 3 ta bayyana cewa tasirin muhallar mai da bututun ke ɗauka zai yi daidai da hayaki na tashoshin wutar lantarki 45 lokacin da aka ƙone su, tare da wasu tan miliyan 200 na iskar gas da aka saki a kowace shekara. === "Kampunan maza" da fataucin jima'i === A cikin shekaru kafin amincewar aikin, masu adawa da bututun sun nuna damuwa cewa karuwar [[Cinikin jima'i|fataucin jima'i]] tare da sabon hanyar bututun zai kara rikicin mata 'yan asalin da suka ɓace da kuma kashe su.<ref name="trafficking" /> Minnesotans da ke zaune a yankunan da Enbridge ke gina fadada bututun mai sun nuna damuwa game da tasirin " sansanonin mutum" waɗanda ke da ma'aikata na wucin gadi. Zuwan mutanen da aka biya su sosai, wadanda ba na jihar ba da kamfanonin ababen more rayuwa kamar su Enbridge galibi suna haifar da karuwar aikata laifuka, musamman karuwanci, fataucin mutane, da fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi. Enbridge ya musanta cewa matsala ce, yana mai cewa kamfanin "ya ƙi zargi cewa fataucin mutane zai karu a Minnesota sakamakon aikin maye gurbin Layin 3". An kama 'yan kwangila biyu da Enbridge ta yi aiki a lokacin da aka yi fataucin jima'i a Itasca County, Minnesota a watan Fabrairun 2021. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2021 an ruwaito cewa wani mafaka mai zaman kansa na Thief River Falls yana ba da sabis ga mata da yawa waɗanda suka yi zargin cewa ma'aikatan Enbridge sun kai musu hari. Ma'aikatan mafaka sun kuma bayar da rahoton cewa ana cin zarafin 'ya'yansu mata a kusa da sansanin Enbridge. An kama wasu ma'aikatan Enbridge guda biyu a cikin fataucin jima'i a Bemidji a watan Yunin 2021. === Rashin bin yarjejeniya === Wakilan kabilanci sun ce fadada bututun mai, wanda ke wucewa ta cikin ƙasashe masu kariya, keta ikon mallakar kabilansu ne. Sabuwar hanyar da aka fadada bututun tana gudana ta hanyar ruwa wanda ke tallafawa mazaunin shinkafa na gargajiya, tushen abinci mai mahimmanci ga al'adun Ojibwe. == zanga-zangar == [[File:Line_3_2467.jpg|thumb|Masu zanga-zangar suna tafiya zuwa ga kogin Mississippi, suna ɗauke da bututun mai]] Tsayayya da fadada bututun mai na Layin 3 tana karkashin jagorancin mata 'yan asalin ƙasar da mutane biyu masu ruhohi. Kungiyoyin da Ojibwe ke jagoranta ciki har da Giniw Collective, Camp Migizi, Red Lake Treaty Camp, RISE Coalition, da Honor the Earth da sauransu sun kasance a tsakiyar juriya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-30 |title=Permits And Protests: The Fight Against The Line 3 Pipeline In Minnesota |url=https://climate-xchange.org/2021/03/30/permits-and-protests-the-fight-against-the-line-3-pipeline-in-minnesota/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=Climate-XChange}}</ref> Masu zanga-zangar da masu zanga-zambe da ke adawa da bututun suna kiran kansu "Masu kare ruwa" kuma suna bin kamfen ɗin rashin biyayya na farar hula wanda ya haɗa da Ayyuka kai tsaye. Masu shirya suna da niyyar shawo kan gwamnatin Biden ta soke ko dakatar da izinin ruwa mai tsabta na tarayya. Gwamnan Minnesota Tim Walz bai dauki matsayi mai karfi a kan fadada bututun mai ba, wanda ya sami amincewar tarayya a karkashin Gwamnatin Trump. <ref name="AP News" /> Hamayya da bututun mai ya ci gaba a cikin tsarin izini na tsawon shekaru kuma ya ci gaba yayin da aka kalubalanci aikin. Masu adawa da bututun sun shirya zanga-zangar, a wani lokaci suna yin sansani a waje da ofisoshin Hukumar Kula da Ayyuka ta Jama'a ta Minnesota. Bayan da Hukumar Kula da Ayyuka ta Jama'a ta Minnesota da Injiniyoyin Sojojin Amurka suka ba da izinin karshe ga aikin, an ba shi izinin gina ruwan guguwa na Minnesota a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, 2020. Ginin bututun nan da nan ya fara. === Sansanonin adawa da zanga-zangar === [[File:Winona_laduke_2.jpg|thumb|Winona LaDuke tana magana a kusa da maɓuɓɓugar Kogin Mississippi]] Masu shirya al'umma sun kafa dakunan bukukuwan da sansanonin juriya tare da tsawon bututun mai. Daga cikinsu akwai Cibiyar Kare Ruwan Maraba wacce ke aiki a matsayin gabatarwa ga wasu sansanoni. Masu zanga-zangar sun taru a daya daga cikin wuraren gini na farko don bututun mai a cikin Aitkin County, Minnesota a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 2021. An kama mutane takwas saboda keta doka. Makonni bayan zanga-zangar, Ofishin Sheriff na Aitkin County ya zargi wasu shugabannin motsi da laifuffuka, ta amfani da bidiyon da aka watsa a [[Fezbuk|Facebook]] a matsayin shaida. Wadanda ake tuhuma sun hada da Winona LaDuke, Tara Houska, Shanai Matteson, da Tania Aubid . Tania Aubid na Mille Lacs Band na Ojibwe ya shiga yajin aikin yunwa a watan Maris na shekara ta 2021. An saki wakar "No More Pipeline Blues (On This Land Where We Belong) ", wacce Larry Long ya rubuta, a [[Ranar Duniya]] a shekarar 2021. Waƙar ta haɗa da murya daga Indigo Girls, Bonnie Raitt, Mumu Fresh, Pura Fé, da kuma mawaki mai suna Joy Harjo . Wani kide-kide na watan Yunin 2021 da ake kira Kare Ruwa ya nuna mawaƙa da yawa da ke yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan Kogin Mississippi ciki har da Indigo Girls da mawaƙa Keith Secola da Annie Humphrey . ==== Giniw na Ƙungiya ==== Giniw Collective 'yan asalin ƙasar ne, ƙungiya mai ruhohi biyu da ke jagorantar sake haɗawa da kuma kare duniya da Tara Houska ta kafa a watan Yunin 2018. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2021-04-25 |title=Tara Houska — Giniw Collective, American Climate Leadership Awards 2021 Finalist |url=https://ecoamerica.org/tara-houska-giniw-collective-american-climate-leadership-awards-2021-finalist/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=ecoAmerica |language=en-US}}</ref> Kungiyar ta dauki bakuncin dubban masu kare ruwa a sansanin ta, wanda ake kira Namewag Camp, wanda ke kusa da hanyar Layin 3 sama da shekaru uku, kuma ya ba da horo a cikin mulkin mallaka da juriya kai tsaye ba tare da tashin hankali ba.<ref name=":2" /> Rashin jituwa tare da tilasta bin doka ya kai wani lokaci lokacin da a ranar 28 ga Yuni, 2021, makonni biyu bayan toshewar tashar famfo ta Inlets guda biyu da ke cikin Hubbard County, Sheriffs na Hubbard County sun yi ƙoƙari su toshe Giniw Collective da baƙi daga shiga sansanin Namewag.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-30 |title=Giniw Collective objects as Hubbard County Sheriff's Office barricades Indigenous camp |url=https://www.inforum.com/news/giniw-collective-objects-as-hubbard-county-sheriffs-office-barricades-indigenous-camp |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=InForum |language=en}}</ref> Cibiyar Shari'ar zanga-zangar da Litigation daga baya ta lashe umarni a kan Sheriff na Hubbard County don toshe gidan kungiyar ba bisa ka'ida ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UPDATE: Victory for Line 3 Water Protectors! Court issues restraining order against Hubbard County & Sheriff to end police blockade of Line 3 camp |url=https://www.protestlaw.org/news/line3victory |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=The Center for Protest Law and Litigation |language=en-US}}</ref> Baya ga ayyukan kai tsaye, Giniw Collective ta kaddamar da kamfen din #DefundLine3 a watan Fabrairun 2021, a matsayin memba mai kafa Stop The Money Pipeline Coalition . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pipeline |first=Stop the Money |date=2021-02-08 |title=Announcing the #DefundLine3 Campaign |url=https://stopthemoneypipeline.com/announcing-the-defundline3-campaign/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=Stop the Money Pipeline |language=en-US}}</ref> Kungiyar ta gayyaci kuma ta dauki bakuncin mambobi da yawa na "Squad" zuwa sansanin Namewag da kuma saduwa da shugabannin kabilun a farkon watan Satumba don wayar da kan jama'a game da yakin Layin 3, gami da Wakilin [[Ilhan Omar]], Wakilin [[Rashida Tlaib]], Wakilin Cori Bush, da Wakilin [[Ayanna Pressley]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Darren |date=4 September 2021 |title=Four Democratic U.S. Congresswomen Visit Line 3 Resistance Camp in Northern Minnesota |url=https://nativenewsonline.net/currents/five-democratic-u-s-congresswomen-visit-line-3-resistance-camp-in-northern-minnesota |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=Native News Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> An lalata mutum-mutumi na Andrew Jackson a Lafayette Square a arewacin [[White House|Fadar White House]] tare da kalmomin "Ka jira Mu" a Ranar 'yan asalin ƙasar (kuma Columbus Day), Litinin, 11 ga Oktoba, 2021. Masu zanga-zangar sun kasance suna ihu "girmama mu ko sa ran mu" don mayar da martani ga bututun Layin 3 a Minnesota wanda ke gudana ta cikin ƙasashen mallakar kabilun 'yan asalin da ke damuwa cewa bututun zai iya zubowa kuma ya lalata ƙasar da suke amfani da ita don noma.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Severi |first=Misty |date=October 11, 2021 |title='Respect us or expect us': Andrew Jackson statue vandalized in front of White House |url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/respect-us-expect-us-andrew-175100610.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422172155/https://www.yahoo.com/now/respect-us-expect-us-andrew-175100610.html |archive-date=2023-04-22 |access-date=October 13, 2021}}</ref> == Amsar Enbridge == === Kudin ayyukan 'yan sanda === An kafa rundunar Northern Lights Task Force, hadin gwiwar tilasta bin doka, bayan amincewar jihar game da fadada Layin 3. Enbridge ce ke ba da kuɗin aikin kuma ya haɗa da hukumomin tilasta bin doka da yawa, gami da sassan Sheriff daga yankuna tare da hanyar bututun mai. Enbridge ta kafa asusun ajiya a watan Mayu 2020 wanda ke ba da damar hukumomin tilasta bin doka su jawo kudade don farashin 'yan sanda da ke da alaƙa da bututun. Ya zuwa watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, asusun ajiya ya rarraba sama da dala miliyan 7.7 ga hukumomin tilasta bin doka na Minnesota, gami da dala miliyan 2.2 ga Ma'aikatar albarkatun kasa ta Minnesota.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tribune |first=Mike Hughlett Star |title=DNR files $2.2M bill for policing during Enbridge Line 3 construction |url=https://www.startribune.com/dnr-files-2-2m-bill-for-policing-during-enbridge-line-3-construction/600153043/ |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=Star Tribune |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317201222/https://www.startribune.com/dnr-files-2-2m-bill-for-policing-during-enbridge-line-3-construction/600153043/ |archive-date=2022-03-17 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ofishin Sheriff na Cass County kadai ya tara sama da $ 327,000 na kudade don farashin 'yan sanda a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2021.<ref name="NatObs" /> Lauyan Cibiyar Shari'a da Shari'a Mara Verheyden-Hilliard ya soki asusun, yana mai cewa yana ƙarfafa tilasta bin doka "don daukar mataki a kan abokan adawar zaman lafiya na bututun". Masu zanga-zangar sun ba da rahoton sa ido daga sama ta hanyar jirage marasa matuka da kuma bin doka a cikin motoci. Kafin yin rajistar wadanda aka kama, Sheriff na Hubbard County Cory Aukes ya ɗora mutane a cikin Gidan kare-kamar gidaje a cikin tashar garage na wurinsa. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gv4loff6pkpzq68gxbuw2c68kg24w2c 0 170151 961619 932217 2026-10-01T23:29:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Laka ta Waulsortian''' wani yanki ne na ƙasa mai kama da calcareous wanda aka samo a farkon sassan Carboniferous na Tsakiyar Turai. Wani nau'in gina jiki ne mai wadataccen burbushin halittu, wanda aka samar ta hanyar ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ruwan wurare masu zurfi a tsakiyar Dinantian (ƙarshen Tournaisian zuwa farkon zamanin Viséan ). Tudun laka wani nau'in wurin da ke da sauƙin samu ne ta hanyar sinadaran halitta, kamar na teku . Ba kamar ainihin teku ba, tudun laka ya ƙunshi kusan gaba ɗaya da ƙwayoyin matrix marasa lahani, kuma burbushin da aka ware ba sa samar da wani muhimmin tsarin kwarangwal. Musamman matsugunan laka na Waulsortian ba su da gado, dutse mai zurfi, waɗanda aka haɗa su da jijiyoyin calcite . Akwai wasu galena da sphalerite mineralization a cikin gidajen abinci. Burbushin halittu galibi sune crinoid ossicles da fenestellid bryozoans, tare da gastropods da brachiopods . An fara amfani da kalmar Waulsortian a shekarar 1863 don bayyana wani yanki na dutse mai daraja kusa da Waulsort a Namur, Belgium. An gano irin wannan dutsen laka a yankin Clitheroe na Lancashire Ingila ta hannun Arthur Vaughan a shekarar 1916. {{Sfn|Kabrna|2011}} == Tsarin aiki == A kan wani katafaren dutse mai ƙarfi, a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai zurfi na teku mai zafi, crinoids sun tsaya a kan dutsen. Ruwan teku masu laushi sun lalata dutsen tushe wanda ya haifar da laka mai cike da lemun tsami wanda igiyar ruwa ke motsawa. Inda ruwan ya yi sauri sosai, sai crinoids suka motsa, amma inda yake da jinkiri sai suka kafa shinge wanda ya kama laka wanda ya samar da wani ma'ajiyar ruwa mai zurfi. Wasu crinoids sun haɗu, kuma wurin ajiyar ya yi kauri har zuwa zurfin mita 200. A cikin laka, mutum zai sami burbushin tsarin ƙasusuwan crinoids kuma kusurwar da aka ajiye tana nuna alkibla da saurin kwararar laka. {{Sfn|Kabrna|2011}} == Belin bakin teku na Clitheroe == An yi ta muhawara sosai kan yadda aka samar da ƙananan tuddai na dutse masu zurfi a cikin Craven Basin, wata ka'ida ta kai ga kiransu da knolls na reef, knoll reefs, ko bioherms amma aiki a 1972 ta Miller & Grayson <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Miller |first=J. |last2=Grayson |first2=R.F. |date=1972 |title=Origin and structure of Lower Viséan "reef"limestones near Clitheroe, Lancashire |journal=proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society |volume=38 |pages=607–638}}</ref> ya gano su a matsayin tuddai masu laka tare da burbushin halittu iri ɗaya da waɗanda ke kusa da Waulsort. Sun haɗa da wuraren binciken ƙasa masu sauƙin shiga a Clitheroe Castle, Salthill da Bellman quarryries, Crow Hill da Worsaw, Gerna da Sykes. <ref name="crb">{{Cite web |last=Kabrna |first=Paul |year=2011 |title=Clitheroe Reef Belt |url=http://www.kabrna.com/cpgs/craven/reef_belt.htm |access-date=8 October 2015 |website=Craven Basin:Waulsortian Mudmounds |publisher=Craven & Pendle Geological Society |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119140631/http://www.kabrna.com/cpgs/craven/reef_belt.htm |archive-date=19 November 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == rl4c84kfr8y2c3q2rae9g0xx9h1v587 0 170403 961437 952503 2026-10-01T15:59:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961437 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Madatsar '''ruwan Tafkin Binney madatsar''' ruwa ce mai rufin duwatsu da ke kewaye da kogin Big Marsh, wani ɓangare na magudanar ruwan Upper River Derwent, wacce ke yankin [[Tsaunukan Tsakiya (Tasmania)|Central Highlands]] na Tasmania, Ostiraliya. An kammala madatsar ruwa da aka samu a shekarar 1953, tafkin Binney, yana ɗaya daga cikin madatsun ruwa da magudanan ruwa da aka kafa don samar da [[Wutar lantarki ta ruwa|wutar lantarki]] ta hanyar '''tashar wutar lantarki ta Tungatinah''', tashar wutar lantarki [[Wutar lantarki ta ruwa|ta gargajiya]]. Madatsar ruwa, ma'ajiyar ta, da kuma tashar wutar lantarki mallakar Hydro Tasmania ne kuma ke tafiyar da ita. == Bayanin Madatsar Ruwa da Tafki == Katangar madatsar ruwa mai cike da duwatsu mai fuskar ƙasa {{Convert|10|m}} da {{Convert|1262|m}} tsayi. Idan ya cika, Tafkin Binney yana da karfin {{Convert|26000|ML|acre.ft}} kuma ya mamaye {{Convert|400|ha}}, an ɗauko daga [[Ruwan ruwa|yankin magudanar ruwa]] mai {{Convert|52|km2}} . Madatsar ruwa ba ta da [[Hanyar Zube|hanyar malalar ruwa]] . <ref name="ANCOLD">{{Cite web |date=January 2022 |title=Register of Large Dams Australia-2015 |url=https://ancold.org.au/information-resources/dams-information/ |access-date=2026-03-05 |website=[[ANCOLD]] |format=[[Microsoft Excel|Excel]]. Requires download. Row 271}}</ref> Tafkin Binney wani ɓangare ne na Brady Chain of Lakes, jerin tafkuna da sauran hanyoyin ruwa a yankin da aka kafa tsakanin 1952 da 1956 waɗanda, tare, ke tallafawa samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa a Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Tungatinah. Tafkin yana cike da kifi mai launin ruwan kasa da kuma kifi mai launin bakan gizo . <ref>{{Cite web |date=n.d. |title=Lake Binney |url=https://www.ifs.tas.gov.au/fisheries/waters-a-z/lake-binney/ |access-date=2026-04-27 |website=Inland Fisheries Service |publisher=[[Government of Tasmania]]}}</ref> Tafkin Binney yana da sauƙin samu daga dabbobin gida. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-13 |title=Travelling Tassie with your four-legged friend |url=https://www.hydro.com.au/articles/recreation/travelling-tassie-your-four-legged-friend |access-date=2026-04-27 |website=[[Hydro Tasmania]]}}</ref> == Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa == [[File:Nive_River_and_Tungatinah_20171121-007.jpg|left|thumb| Tungatinah Power Station a Kogin Nive 2017]] Wani ɓangare na tsarin Derwent wanda ya ƙunshi tashoshin wutar lantarki guda goma sha ɗaya, Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Tungatinah ita ce tasha ta biyu a cikin shirin. Tashar wutar lantarki tana sama da ƙasa kusa da Kogin Nive. Gine-ginen ginin suna da sarkakiya sosai, tare da madatsun ruwa da dama (ciki har da tafkin Bronte da aka gina ta hanyar Bronte Dam, tafkin Bradys da Bradys Dam ya samar, tafkin Pine Tier Lagoon da Pine Tier Dam ya samar, tafkin Binney da tafkin Tungatinah), rami, magudanan ruwa, bututun ruwa, ƙofofin sarrafawa da ke da alaƙa da su da kuma tashar famfo. Ana karkatar da ruwa daga tafkin Tungatinah ta hanyar wani ɗan gajeren rami mai rami mai magudanar ruwa sannan a gangara zuwa {{Convert|290|m}} ta hanyar bututun ƙarfe guda biyar zuwa tashar wutar lantarki. <ref name="hydrotech">{{Cite web |title=Tungatinah Station: Technical fact sheet |url=http://www.hydro.com.au/system/files/Tungatinah_Power_Station-Fact-Sheets.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032935/http://www.hydro.com.au/system/files/Tungatinah_Power_Station-Fact-Sheets.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=5 July 2015 |website=Derwent Catchment |publisher=[[Hydro Tasmania]]}}</ref> <ref name="hydro">{{Cite web |date= |title=Derwent: Tungatinah Power Station {{!}} Energy |url=http://www.hydro.com.au/energy/our-power-stations/derwent-0/tungatinah-power-station |access-date=5 July 2015 |website=[[Hydro Tasmania]] |archive-date=7 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707003251/http://www.hydro.com.au/energy/our-power-stations/derwent-0/tungatinah-power-station |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kamfanin Hydro Electric Corporation (TAS) ne ya ƙaddamar da tashar wutar lantarki tsakanin 1953 da 1956 kuma tashar tana da injinan turbine guda biyar irin na Boving Francis, waɗanda ke da jimillar ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na {{Convert|125|MW}} . <ref name="fact">{{Cite web |last=Austral Archaeology Pty Ltd |last2=Terry, Ian |date=April 2007 |title=Tungatinah Power Station&mdash;Conservation Management Plan |url=http://www.hydro.com.au/system/files/documents/Cultural_heritage/conservation_mgmt_plan_tungatinah.pdf |access-date=1 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322012912/http://www.hydro.com.au/system/files/documents/Cultural_heritage/conservation_mgmt_plan_tungatinah.pdf |archive-date=22 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin ginin tashar, kowace injin turbine tana da murfin karkace mai kama da juna kuma ana sarrafa kwararar ruwa ta hanyar bawul mai juyawa mai zagaye da kuma bawul mai sauƙi wanda aka tsara don hana murfin karkace a kan matsi. Ana kiyasta cewa wutar lantarki ta tashar za ta kai {{Convert|579|GWh|TJ}} kowace shekara, <ref name="ANCOLD" /> ana tura shi zuwa ga hanyar sadarwa ta TasNetworks ta hanyar biyar 11&nbsp;kV /110&nbsp;na'urar canza wutar lantarki ta GEC mai matakai uku ta kV zuwa wurin canza wutar lantarki ta waje. <ref name="hydrotech" /> Ginin ya kama da wuta da yammacin ranar 2 ga Satumba, 2026. Bayan an ratsa ta cikin injinan turbines guda biyar, ana fitar da ruwa zuwa Kogin Nive inda yake haɗuwa da ruwan da ke fitowa daga Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Tarraleah don samar da tashoshin Lower Derwent guda shida. <ref name="hydro" /> == Manazarta == remp9q2dhglra3f5jgbqmu5vd9qcpht 0 170426 961801 933128 2026-10-02T07:39:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fawaz Balqassem Al-Qarni''' (Arabic: فواز بلقاسم القرني; born 2 April 1992) is a Saudi Arabian professional [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|footballer]] who plays as a goalkeeper.<ref>{{Cite web |title=فواز القرني - Fawaz Al Qarni |url=https://www.kooora.com/?player=70373 |access-date=2026-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205222903/https://www.kooora.com/?player=70373 |archive-date=2022-02-05 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyukan kulob din == An haife shi a [[Jeddah|Jedda]], ya fara bugawa Al-Ittihad wasa a wasan 3-0 a gida ga Al Ittifaq a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta 2012. <ref name="AL ITTIHAD VS. AL ITTIFAQ 3 - 0">{{Cite web |title=AL ITTIHAD VS. AL ITTIFAQ 3 - 0 |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/08/06/saudi-arabia/pro-league/al-ittihad-jeddah/al-ittifaq-dammam/1300235/ |access-date=22 January 2014 |website=Soccerway}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga watan Yulin 2021, Al-Qarni ya shiga Al-Shabab kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku.<ref>{{Cite web |title=فواز القرني حارساً لمرمى الشباب |url=https://www.alarabiya.net/sport/saudi-sport/2021/07/24/%D9%81%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8-}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Ya fara bugawa tawagar ƙasar Saudiyya wasa a ranar 9 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2012, a wasan da suka tashi 0–0 da . .<ref name="Iran 0 - 0 Saudi Arabia">{{Cite web |title=Iran 0 - 0 Saudi Arabia |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2012/12/09/asia/west-asian-federation-championship/iran/saudi-arabia/1397072/ |access-date=22 January 2014 |website=Soccerway}}</ref> == Kididdigar aiki == === Kungiyar === {{Updated|match played 30 May 2024}}<ref name="Fawaz Al Qarni">{{cite web|title=Fawaz Al Qarni|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/fawaz-al-qarni/197883/|work=Soccerway|accessdate=22 January 2014}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="2" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin Sarki ! colspan="2" |Kofin Yarima na Sarauta ! colspan="2" |Asiya ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- | rowspan="10" |Al-Ittihad |2012–13 |10 |0 |4 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |14 |0 |- |2013–14 |20 |0 |3 |0 |1 |0 |7 |0 |1{{Efn|Appearance in [[2013 Saudi Super Cup|Saudi Super Cup]]}} |0 |32 |0 |- |2014–15 |11 |0 |1 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |13 |0 |- |2015–16 |9 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |11 |0 |- |2016–17 |9 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |10 |0 |- |2017–18 |18 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |20 |0 |- |2018–19 |22 |0 |6 |0 | colspan="2" | - |9 |0 |0 |0 |37 |0 |- |2019–20 |12 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |2{{Efn|Appearances in [[Arab Club Champions Cup]]}} |0 |14 |0 |- |2020–21 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |1 |0 |- !Jimillar !112 !0 !16 !0 !5 !0 !16 !0 !3 !0 !152 !0 |- | rowspan="4" |Al-Shabab |2021–22 |27 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" | - |6 |0 | colspan="2" | - |36 |0 |- |2022–23 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2023–24 |0 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |0 |0 |0 |0 |- !Jimillar !27 !0 !3 !0 !0 !0 !6 !0 !0 !0 !36 !0 |- ! colspan="2" |Adadin aikinsa !139 !0 !19 !0 !5 !0 !22 !0 !3 !0 !188 !0 |} {{Notelist}} == Daraja == '''Al Ittihad''' * Kofin Sarki na Zakarun Turai: 2012-13 * Kofin Yarima: 2016-17 <ref>{{Cite web |title=KSA: Deputy King attends Crown Prince’s Football Cup final |url=http://www.gdnonline.com/Details/193862/Deputy-King-attends-Crown-Prince%E2%80%99s-Football-Cup-final- |access-date=2017-03-15 |website=www.gdnonline.com}}</ref> * Kofin Sarki na Zakarun Turai: 2017-18 '''Mutumin da ya fi so''' * Mai tsaron raga na Saudi Professional League na Watan: Oktoba 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |title=غريب وثلاثي الشباب الأفضل في أكتوبر |url=https://spl.sa/ar/node/3947 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227150523/https://spl.sa/ar/node/3947 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |access-date=2021-11-06}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == == Haɗin waje == * Fawaz Al-Qarnia National-Football-Teams.com {{DEFAULTSORT:Qarni, Fawaz}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 4bf8d3d8y4donjnd03ilm6el0sf7z8f 0 170622 961626 953165 2026-10-01T23:56:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ebin Raj Maliakal ɗan fim ne kuma marubuci na Indiya(2019), Novel life (2014), ''Madhuram Ninte Jeevitham (2008),'' ''Lokame Yathara (2008) '' . Ya lashe lambar yabo ta talabijin ta jihar Kerala, Kyautar Kungiyar Masu Fim ta Kerala da kuma Fellowship . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2012 |title=State TV awards announced |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2011/apr/26/state-tv-awards-announced-247950.html |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ചലച്ചിത്ര അക്കാദമി ഫെലോഷിപ് 11 പേർക്ക് |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/news/announcements/2018/05/01/chalachitra-academy-fellowship.html |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=ManoramaOnline}}</ref> An nuna fina-finai a bukukuwan fina-falla na kasa da kasa a duk duniya kuma sun lashe kyaututtuka da yawa na fina-fakka na kasa da Kasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2019 |title='Pamphlet' and 'Green Line' win at 9th Health Film Festival held at NFAI, Pune |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/pune-news/pamphlet-and-green-line-win-at-9th-health-film-festival-held-at-nfai/story-dbsfmE8VWDYqWR7l3b8LLI.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan kwamitin a Kamfanin Ci gaban Fim na Jihar Kerala da Sashen Bayanai da Hulɗa da Jama'a na Kerala.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2019 |title=DOCUMENTARY DIRECTOR'S PANEL |url=http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/sites/default/files/inline-files/21601_19.pdf |website=Information & Public Relations Department, Government of Kerala}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == An haife shi a ƙauyen Kalavoor da ke gundumar Alappuzha, Kerala, Indiya. Mahaifinsa, M.V. Thomas Raju, ya yi aiki a kamfanin Excel Glasses Ltd. da ke Alappuzha, yayin da mahaifiyarsa, T.D. Agesta, malama ce a makarantar Holy Family HSS da ke Kattoor, Alappuzha. Ya samu digirinsa na MSc a fannin Kafofin Yaɗa Labarai na Lantarki daga Jami'ar Bharathiar, Coimbatore, da M.Com a fannin Kuɗi daga Jami'ar Kerala, da kuma difloma ta gaba da digiri a fannin Samar da Shirye-shiryen Talabijin daga Jami'ar Hyderabad.[1] Ya kuma samu horo a fannin yaɗa ilimin kimiyya da sadarwa. Tun daga shekara ta 1998, ya kasance yana rubuce-rubuce da wallafa makaloli kan fina-finai da adabi. Ya fara aikinsa a kafafen talabijin a shekara ta 2004 a matsayin ƙaramin mai samar da shirye-shirye a Shalom Television. Ya rubuta tare da shirya shirye-shiryen talabijin da dama da kuma shirye-shiryen kai tsaye, sannan ya kuma yi aiki a Amurka wajen samar da shirye-shiryen talabijin. . == Hotunan fina-finai == * ''Bayan hangen nesa (2005) '' * '''''Lokame Yathara''' (2008) '' * '''''Madhuram Ninte Jeevitham''' (2008) '' * ''Rayuwar littafi (2014) '' * '''''Green Line''''' (2019) * '''Smaraka Dinangal (Ranar Tunawa) 2024'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Smaraka Dinangal (Monument Days) (Short 2024) &#124; Documentary, Short |url=https://m.imdb.com/title/tt31521924/?language=de-de |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> * '''Lokaci na Biyu (2026) '''<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Second Chance, Documentary Short (2026) |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt43739828/?ref_=nm_flmg_job_1_accord_1_cdt_t_1 |website=imdb}}</ref> == Littattafai == * Tarihin Thirakathakal (2015) Littattafan H&C Thrissur == Daraja == * Kyautar Talabijin ta Jihar Kerala ta 2009 * Mafi kyawun fim, Kyautar Hoton * Kyautar Kungiyar Masu Fim ta Kerala ta 2014 * Kyautar Kyautar Lafiya mafi Kyawu, NFAI, Pune 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!-- Staff writer(s); no by-line --> |date=26 December 2019 |title='Pamphlet' and 'Green Line' make a mark in film festival |url=https://www.thebridgechronicle.com/pune/‘pamphlet’-and-‘green-line’-make-mark-film-festival-44610 |access-date=2023-05-16 |website=The Bridge Chronicle |language=en}}</ref> * Fim na Kwalejin 2018 == Kyaututtuka na Duniya == * Kyautar Bikin Fim na Golden Picture na Duniya, Florida Amurka <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2019 |title=Best Documentary Long Film Green Line Directed by Ebin Raj Maliakal (India) |url=https://americangoldenpictureiff.com/november-2019 |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=American Golden Picture International Film Festival |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Bikin Fim na Turai, London, UK.<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Feature Best Documentary Green Line – Ebin Raj Maliakal |url=https://europefilmfestival.com/february-march-2021/ |access-date= |website=Europe Film Festival UK |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912085108/https://europefilmfestival.com/february-march-2021/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> * Kyautar Bikin Fim na Istanbul mafi kyau, Turkiyya <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2021 |title=Best Feature Documentary Green Line – Ebin Raj maliakal |url=https://istanbulff.com/march-2021/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511143834/https://istanbulff.com/march-2021/ |archive-date=11 May 2023 |access-date= |website=An elegant art touch between Europe and Asia |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Carnival ta Duniya, Singapore * Kyautar bikin fina-finai na Berlin Flash, Jamus <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2019 |title=Green line by Ebin Raj Maliakal October 2019 winners |url=https://www.berlinflashfilmfestival.com/winners/2019/october |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411230251/https://www.berlinflashfilmfestival.com/winners/2019/october |archive-date=11 April 2023 |access-date=2023-05-16 |website=berlinflashfilmfestival.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Bikin Fim na Digital Griffix, Montreal Kanada * Kyautar Bikin Fim na Watan-Kwanakin Burtaniya, Norwich, Burtaniya * Kyautar bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Indo-Faransa * Kyautar bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Indo Singapore * Kyautar bikin fina-finai na Athens na wata-wata, Athens, Girka * Kyautar bikin fina-finai na Andromeda, Istanbul, Turkiyya * Kyautar bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Bhutan == Bikin Fim / nunawa == * Bikin Fim na Hollywood Boulevard, Los Angeles, Amurka <ref>{{Cite web |title=Official Selection |url=https://www.hollywoodblvdfilmfestival.com/ |website=Hollywood Blvd Film Festival |access-date=2026-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260913212125/https://www.hollywoodblvdfilmfestival.com/ |archive-date=2026-09-13 |url-status=dead}}</ref> * Kyautar Fim ta New York, New York, Amurka * Bikin Fim na Duniya na Kino DUEL, Moscow, Rasha * Bikin Fim na Gabashin Turai * Kyautar Fim ta Duniya ta Paris, Paris * Roma Interdependent Prisma Film Awards, Roma, Italiya * Kyautar Fim ta Duniya ta New York, New York, Amurka <ref>{{Cite web |title=Finalist – Best Documentary Feature Film |url=https://newyorkinternationalfilmawards.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/WINNERS-NYIFA-APRIL-2021.pdf |website=Newyork International Film awards}}</ref> * Gasar Fim ta Duniya ta ICAN / LAX, Pennsylvania, Amurka <ref>{{Cite web |title=ICAN/LAX International Film Competition |url=https://filmfreeway.com/ICAN-LAX |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=FilmFreeway |language=en}}</ref> * Kyautar MLC, Green Bay, Wisconsin, Amurka * Kyautar Alkama ta Zinariya, Istanbul, Turkiyya * Bikin Fim na Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sweden Film Awards |url=https://swedenfilmawards.se/ |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=Sweden Film Awards}}</ref> * ɗaga- Off Global Network, London, Burtaniya * Bikin Fim na Duniya na Eurasia, Moscow, Rasha * Fim na kasa da kasa da kuma gajeren fim na Kerala, Indiya == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name}} * Ebin Raj Maliakal a FilmFreewayHanyar fim {{DEFAULTSORT:Maliakal, Ebin}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 89hyfulcvfj6qkfc4eamlbfm7lzawwc 0 170648 961551 952998 2026-10-01T20:30:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Dokar Green Energy''''' (Faransa: Loi de 2009 sur l'énergie verte, '''GEA'''), wanda Dokar Green Energy da Green Economy Act, 2009, ta gabatar a majalisar dokokin Ontario a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, 2009, kuma daga baya aka soke shi a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2019, an yi niyyar fadada samar da [[makamashi mai sabuntawa]], karfafa [[Tsaro na makamashi|kiyaye makamashi]] da ƙirƙirar ayyukan kore.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adria Vasil |author-link=Adria Vasil |date=October 6, 2009 |title=Taking T.O. off the grid |url=http://www.nowtoronto.com/lifestyle/ecoholic.cfm?content=171668 |access-date=March 3, 2010 |publisher=[[Now (newspaper)|Now]]}}</ref> Daga cikin sassan da yawa, GEA an fi saninta da ƙirƙirar ƙimar farashi da yawa don nau'ikan hanyoyin samar da makamashi daban-daban. Sanannen daga cikin waɗannan shine shirin '''micro'''FIT'''''' don ƙananan tsarin da ba na kasuwanci ba a ƙarƙashin kilowatts 10, da kuma FIT, mafi girman sigar kasuwanci wanda ke rufe nau'ikan ayyukan da yawa tare da girma a cikin megawatts. GEA wani bangare ne mai rikitarwa sosai a cikin Ontario, a wani bangare saboda babban farashi na farko, har zuwa cents 80.2 / kWh don ƙananan tsarin a ƙarƙashin microFIT. Har ila yau, masu ruwa da tsaki a waje da Ontario sun kalli shi a matsayin mai kawo rigima saboda sassan da aka yi a Ontario wanda ke buƙatar wani adadin ma'aikata da masana'antu na Ontario don karɓar farashin farashi. Canje-canje ga shirin da ƙididdiga, wasu daga cikinsu an yi amfani da su a baya, sun kara rikice-rikice kuma sun haifar da korafe-korafe game da yadda ake gudanar da shirin. GEA ta zama babban batu na maganganun siyasa a cikin Ontario kuma an yi muhawara sosai a lokacin Babban zaben Ontario na 2011; Jam'iyyar PC ta yi barazanar soke aikin kai tsaye idan aka zabe ta, yayin da 'yan Liberals suka goyi bayan GEA a matsayin babban tsari na dandalin sake zaben su. == Tarihi == === Kokarin da ya gabata === Kafin gabatar da GEA, Ontario ta aiwatar da shirye-shirye daban-daban don gabatar da makamashi mai sabuntawa ko inganta kiyayewa. Wadannan sun hada da ''Dokar Gudanar da Kula da Makamashi'', Dokar Ingancin Makamashi da kuma takamaiman bayanin kula, Shirin Bayar da Tsarin Sabuntawa na Makamashi na Nuwamba 2006. Standard Offer, wanda aka fi sani da SOP ko RESOP don takaice, ya gabatar da wasu Farashin abinci na shekaru 20 don hydro, iska, hasken ruwa (PV) da ayyukan biomass. Farashin RESOP ya kasance ƙasa, 42 cents / kWh don PV da 11 cents /kWh don wasu nau'ikan makamashi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 19, 2010 |title=OSEA: Renewable Energy Standard Offer Program (RESOP) |url=http://www.ontario-sea.org/Page.asp?PageID=1226&SiteNodeID=284 |access-date=March 13, 2014 |publisher=Ontario-sea.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313141623/http://www.ontario-sea.org/Page.asp?PageID=1226&SiteNodeID=284 |archive-date=March 13, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> A lokacin, an kira RESOP shirin farashi na gaskiya na farko na Arewacin Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Star |url=http://d-bits.com/PHOTON/likes/Ontario |access-date=March 13, 2014 |publisher=D-bits.com}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A aikace, an gano cewa shirin RESOP yana da mahimmancin gudanarwa wanda ya lalata darajar shirin. Don haɗa aikin ƙarni, mai ba da sabis ba kawai ya cika buƙatun da ake tsammani don kayan aikin ba, har ma dole ne ya nemi hukumomi da matakan gwamnati daban-daban don izinin haɗi zuwa grid. Wannan tsari ba a sauƙaƙe shi ba, kuma sau da yawa yana buƙatar daruruwan shafuka na takardu don a gabatar da su ga kowace ƙungiya, a cikin jerin da suka dace. Wasu yankuna na grid na rarraba Ontario an kuma sanya su a kan iyakoki don ci gaba, saboda la'akari da kaya. Ko da a lokacin, akwai masu ruwa da tsaki a matakin birni waɗanda zasu iya toshe ci gaba a kowane lokaci a matsayin wani ɓangare na lambobin gini na gida. Saboda kasancewar tsayayyen farashi, gami da kuɗin gudanarwa, RESOP ya fi son manyan ayyukan da zasu iya rarraba waɗannan farashi. Ya tabbatar da nasara sosai ga ci gaban wutar lantarki, tare da kusan 64% na ci gaban RESOP shine iska, 28% biomass, kuma sauran cakuda ruwa da karamin adadin hasken rana. === Zuwa ga GEA === RESOP ya haɗa da tsarin sake dubawa na shekaru biyu wanda ya fara a cikin 2008. A wannan lokacin, masana'antar duniya tana bincika hanyoyi daban-daban don aiwatar da shirye-shiryen ƙarfafawa. Manyan masu fafatawa sune tsarin farashi na ciyarwa, kamar RESOP, da tsarin cinikin hayaki kamar Dokar Sabuntawa ta Burtaniya ko Takardar Shaidar Sabuntawa na Hasken rana ta New Jersey. A cikin shekara ta 2008, Ernst &amp;amp; Young sun buga alamun kyawawan makamashi na kasar don kwata na farko na shekara ta 2008, wanda ya nuna cewa shirin FIT na Jamus ya fi nasara, yana isar da karin wutar lantarki a farashi mai rahusa. Wani rahoto na baya daga UC Berkeley ya nuna cewa samar da aiki tare da sabuntawa ya fi girma fiye da man fetur, wani gardama a cikin goyon bayan shirin Jamusanci, wanda aka dauka a lokacin babban nasara.<ref name="rec">{{Cite web |date=December 15, 2008 |title=Recommendations for Procuring Sustainable Energy |url=http://www.ontario-sea.org/Storage/29/2140_Final_RESOP_Addendum_recommendaions_Dec-15-08.pdf |access-date=March 13, 2014 |publisher=Ontario-sea.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313140923/http://www.ontario-sea.org/Storage/29/2140_Final_RESOP_Addendum_recommendaions_Dec-15-08.pdf |archive-date=March 13, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Tare da nasarar shirye-shiryen FIT, kuma don mayar da martani ga batutuwan RESOP, yawancin masu ruwa da tsaki sun ba da shawarar fadada shirin tare da mafi girma da canje-canje daban-daban ga tsarin haɗin don sauƙaƙa aikin aiki. Musamman, wasu shawarwari sun ba da shawarar ƙara ƙarin azuzuwan don ƙananan tsarin da za su sami ƙaramin tasiri a kan grid wanda za a iya ba da tsari na aikace-aikace da kuma damar da aka riga aka ba da izini don haɗi. Wadannan tsarin kuma za a ba su farashi mafi girma, don rage cikakkun bayanai game da aiwatarwa, kamar ma'auni, wanda sau da yawa tsada ne ba tare da la'akari da girman aikin ba.<ref name="rec" /> === Gabatarwa === George Smitherman, Ministan Makamashi da Infrastructure ne ya jagoranci kokarin GEA. An yi iƙirarin cewa lissafin zai taimaka wa gwamnati ta tabbatar da makomar lardin ta hanyar: * Goyon bayan da fadada saka hannun jari na tattalin arziki, don haka gina tattalin arziki mai ƙarfi, mai kore tare da kimanin ayyukan 50,000+ kai tsaye da kai tsaye a cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa * fadada amfani da Ontario na tsabta da sabuntawa na tushen makamashi kamar iska, hasken rana, biomass da biogasGishiri mai guba * Kyakkyawan kare muhalli, [[Rage canjin yanayi|yaki da canjin yanayi]] da ƙirƙirar kyakkyawar makoma ga tsararraki masu zuwa. == Manazarta == onfqei43shdjlodhare1yogw9skylbr 0 170768 961847 934236 2026-10-02T10:51:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961847 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''G. N. R. Kumaravelan''' Kumaravelan darektan fina-finai ne na Indiya, wanda ya fi yin aiki a masana'antar fina-finan Tamil. Bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimaki ga daraktoci [[Balu Mahendra]] da [[Kamal Hasan|Kamal Haasan]] a wasu fina-finai, Kumaravelan ya fara aikin darakta da fim ɗin ''[[Ninaithale Inikkum (2009 film)|Ninaithale Inikkum]]'' a shekarar 2009. Fim ɗinsa na biyu shi ne ''[[Yuvan Yuvathi]]'', wanda aka fitar a shekarar 2011. Fim ɗinsa na uku, ''[[Haridas (2013 film)|Haridas]]'' (2013), ya sa aka zaɓe shi don [[Filmfare Award for Best Director – Tamil|Kyautar Filmfare ta Darakta Mafi Kyau – Tamil]]. == Ayyuka == === 1980s-1990s: Rayuwa ta farko, aiki === Kumaravelan ɗan tsohon darekta [[G. N. Rangarajan]] ne, wanda ya yi aiki tare da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo [[Kamal Hasan|Kamal Haasan]] a fina-finai da dama, ciki har da ''[[Kalyanaraman (1979 film)|Kalyanaraman]]'' (1979), ''[[Meendum Kokila]]'' (1981) da ''[[Maharasan]]'' (1993). Kumaravelan ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin darekta a ƙarƙashin [[Balu Mahendra]] a fim ɗin ''[[Sathi Leelavathi (1995 film)|Sathi Leelavathi]]'' (1995), sannan ya kuma yi aiki a wasu fina-finan [[Kamal Hasan|Kamal Haasan]] da ba a kammala su ba, wato ''Ladies Only'' da ''[[Marudhanayagam]]''. . Fim na farko na Kumaravelan shine fim din wasan kwaikwayo na asiri na 2009 ''Ninaithale Inikkum'', sake fasalin Tamil na fim din Malayalam na 2006 Classmates . Fim din ya fito ne daga Sun Pictures kuma ya yi fice a ofishin jakadancin. Daga nan sai ya fara shirye-shirye a fim din da ke nuna R. Madhavan a matsayin jagora, amma aikin bai cika ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 September 2015 |title=I\'m not writing a script or screenplay: Maddy - Sify.com |url=http://www.sify.com/carnaticmusic/season2003/fullstory.php?id=14918378 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924101720/http://www.sify.com/carnaticmusic/season2003/fullstory.php?id=14918378 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2009 |title=Madhavan turns script writer - Tamil News |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/madhavan-turns-script-writer-tamil-news-51118 |website=IndiaGlitz.com}}</ref> Fim dinsa na biyu shi ne wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya, ''Yuvan Yuvathi'' wanda ke nuna Bharath, Rima Kallingal da Santhanam . Fim din ya sami ra'ayoyi masu ban sha'awa bayan an sake shi a watan Agustan 2011, tare da mai sukar da ya lura cewa "Yuvan Yuvathi yana jin kamar an cika shi da abinci mara kyau. Wataƙila za ku sake fitowa", <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-08-26 |title=Yuvan Yuvathi Review&nbsp;— Tamil Movie Review by Rohit Ramachandran |url=http://www.nowrunning.com/movie/8294/tamil/yuvan-yuvathi/3289/review.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714110443/http://www.nowrunning.com/movie/8294/tamil/yuvan-yuvathi/3289/review.htm |archive-date=14 July 2014 |access-date=2011-08-26 |publisher=Nowrunning.com}}</ref> kodayake Malathi Rangarajan daga The Hindu ya ce, "A predictable amma mai daɗi ƙarshen labarin soyayya wanda ke haskakawa da makamashi na matasa!".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Malathi Rangarajan |date=27 August 2011 |title=It's a carnival out there |url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article2403063.ece |access-date=14 February 2012 |website=The Hindu}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === 2013-22: ''Haridas'' da kuma aikinsa na baya === Kumaravelan daga nan ya ci gaba da yin ''Haridas'' (2013), fim din wasan kwaikwayo wanda Kishore da Sneha suka fito da shi wanda ke kewaye da batutuwan kula da yaro mai cutar autism, wanda Prithviraj Das ya buga. Fim din ya buɗe ga sake dubawa mai kyau daga masu sukar, tare da Sify.com yana lura da cewa fim din "ya yi fushi da zuciyarku, kuma yana ƙarfafa ku da ku yi tunani kuma ya sa ku kalli yara masu nakasa daban. "<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-02-21 |title=Haridas review by Sify |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/haridas-not-to-be-missed-review-tamil-15020600.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313095522/http://www.sify.com/movies/haridas-not-to-be-missed-review-tamil-15020600.html |archive-date=2013-03-13 |access-date=2013-02-21 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>Sauran bita daga The ''Hindu'' sun kimanta fim din "ya cancanci a tallafa masa"., yayin da Behindwoods.com ya rubuta cewa fim din "kyauta ce mai daraja ga ƙaunar iyaye da sadaukarwa". <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-02-23 |title=Haridas review by Hindu |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/film-review-haridas-story-of-action-and-emotions/article4446268.ece |access-date=2013-02-23 |website=The Hindu |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227012234/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/film-review-haridas-story-of-action-and-emotions/article4446268.ece |archive-date=2013-02-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-02-23 |title=Haridas review by Behindwoods |url=http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/haridas/haridas-movie-review.html |access-date=2013-02-23 |publisher=Behindwoods}}</ref>An amince da fim din a bukukuwan bayar da kyaututtuka da bukukuwan fina-finai, an zabi shi don kyautar Filmfare kuma ya sami matsayi na biyu a bikin fina-fukk da aka yi a Chennai International Film Festival na 11. A cikin shekara ta 2014, yana aiki a kan shirye-shiryen fim din da Vikram Prabhu ke taka rawa kuma ya kusanci Alia Bhatt don taka rawar mata. Koyaya, a watan Yunin 2014, masu samarwa sun dakatar da aikin suna mai da hankali kan matsalolin kuɗi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vikram Prabhu to team up with G.N.R. Kumaravelan |url=https://www.sify.com/movies/vikram-prabhu-to-team-up-with-gnr-kumaravelan-news-tamil-nlesX3hgabasi.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009211926/https://www.sify.com/movies/vikram-prabhu-to-team-up-with-gnr-kumaravelan-news-tamil-nlesX3hgabasi.html |archive-date=9 October 2021 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Alia Bhatt in promising director's new flick ? |url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-14/alia-bhatt-to-romance-vikram-prabhu-in-gnr-kumaravelans-flick.html |website=www.behindwoods.com}}</ref> Masu samarwa sun sake fara aikin. An kira aikin ''Wagah'' wanda zai zama soyayya ta kan iyaka tsakanin sojan Indiya da yarinyar Pakistan. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Fim din !Bayani |- |2009 |''Ninaithale Inikkum'' | |- |2011 |''Yuvan Yuvathi'' | |- |2013 |''Haridas'' |Har ila yau mawaƙa |- |2016 |''Wagah'' | |- |2022 |''Sinam'' | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|5936406}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] n5ziok6wibub9ms7oqr5e2cchk9habo 0 170778 961850 934264 2026-10-02T11:04:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961850 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Gadsden Creek''' ita ce rafi na ƙarshe kusa da Brittlebank Park wanda ke kan tsibirin Charleston. Ko Gadsden Creek na yanzu iri ɗaya ne da kogin tarihi mai suna iri ɗaya ko kuma a maimakon haka rami mai laushi wanda aka sassaƙa daga cikin shara a cikin shekarun 1950 yana cikin rikici. Farawa a cikin 1952, birnin Charleston ya yi amfani da rafin 100-acre da wuraren da ke kewaye da shi a matsayin zubar da shara wanda ko dai ya cika tarihin Gadsden Creek ko ya rage rafin zuwa kadada huɗu. A cikin shekara ta 2015, shirye-shiryen da masu haɓaka ci gaban gidaje masu tsayi da ke kusa, WestEdge, don cika kogin da ya lalace ya haifar da gardama a birnin Charleston. Masu adawa da cika Gadsden Creek sun yi imanin cewa cika rafin ya hana al'ummar Gadsden Green wanda aka fi sani da Back Da Green na Afirka. Duk da yake masu goyon bayan shirin sun yi imanin cewa Gadsden Creek na zamani shine kawai "maimaitawa" na hanyar ruwa tare da alaƙa ta tarihi ga al'ummar Afirka ta Amirka kuma cewa cika rafin zai yanke gurɓataccen rafin daga shiga cikin Kogin Ashley. A cikin 2021, Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Kula da Muhalli ta Kudu Carolina ta amince da shirin WestEdge na cika rafin. == Tarihin rafin da yankin == [[File:Thomas_Gadsden_Tract.pdf|alt=|thumb|Gadsden Creek an haɗa shi a cikin farantin 1852 wanda ya raba dukiyar Thomas Gadsden don sake siyarwa.]] [[File:Gadsden_Creek_Map.jpg|alt=|thumb|An nuna Gadsden Creek a kan 1872 Bird's Eye View na Charleston a matsayin rafi da ke kewaye da kusurwar "Chesnut" (yanzu Hagood Ave.) da Allway Street. (Arewa tana dama a cikin wannan ra'ayi.) ]] Gadsden Creek sanannen wuri ne na yin iyo wanda ba a inganta shi ba a cikin ƙarni na goma sha takwas da na sha tara. Ya samo sunansa daga Thomas Gadsden, jikan Christopher Gadsden. Da farko a ƙarshen ƙarni na goma sha tara, gine-gine sun bayyana a kusa da wani yanki wanda aka sani da Butcher Town . A farkon shekarun 1920, wani yanki na Afirka da ake kira Fiddler's Green ya kasance inda Butcher Town ya taɓa tsayawa kusa da ɓangaren saman rafin. Yawancin gidajen Fiddler's Green sun lalace ta hanyar guguwa a 1938 kuma tarkace daga lalacewarsu sun cika wani ɓangare na rafin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tracing Gadsden Creek's Lost Meander {{!}} Maritime Research Division {{!}} University of South Carolina |url=http://www.artsandsciences.sc.edu/sciaa/mrd/node/445 |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=www.artsandsciences.sc.edu |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727231439/http://www.artsandsciences.sc.edu/sciaa/mrd/node/445 |archive-date=2020-07-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Fiddler's Creek daga baya ya zama sananne da Gadsden Green kuma daga shekarun 1930 zuwa 1970, birnin Charleston ya kwace ƙasa daga 'yan Afirka na Afirka a unguwar don gina gidajen jama'a.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=McCrady |first=Allston |title=Development is threatening a downtown wetland and concerned citizens are sounding the alarm. Can Gadsden Creek be saved? |url=https://www.charlestoncitypaper.com/charleston/development-is-threatening-a-downtown-wetland-and-concerned-citizens-are-sounding-the-alarm/Content?oid=28797979 |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Charleston City Paper |language=en}}</ref> A shekara ta 1958, magajin garin Charleston, William Morrison yana magana game da wannan tsari na cikawa a cikin rafin ya bayyana wa kwamitin Ways and Means na birnin cewa: {{Blockquote|"We [the city] are reclaiming more than 100 acres of marshland in the area between Spring Street and The Citadel on the Ashley River waterfront [the Gadsden Green neighborhood]. Numerous suggestions have been made as to the uses to which these properties should be put ... We are now producing through landfill development an average of 15 plus acres per year, when converted into cash means one-half-million dollars per year in city assets which, as I have said before, and I say again, is cash in the bank."<ref name=":5"/>}} Gadsden Creek ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin koguna da yawa a kan tsibirin Charleston, cibiyar tarihi ta birnin, amma yanzu ita ce kogin ƙarshe da ya rage. Daga shekarun 1950 zuwa 1970, birnin ya cika rafin da ba a haɗa shi ba na 100 acre da wuraren da ke kewaye da shi tare da kimanin fam miliyan 1.5 na shara.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Chloe |date=2020-07-17 |title=Gadsden Creek becomes a flashpoint in Charleston discussion on environmental justice |url=https://www.postandcourier.com/news/gadsden-creek-becomes-a-flashpoint-in-charleston-discussion-on-environmental-justice/article_8a40ece8-c5e9-11ea-b50e-df363e8bef92.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Post and Courier |language=en}}</ref> A cikin 2020, rafin ya kunshi kadada huɗu kawai waɗanda ake la'akari da gurɓataccen gurɓata.<ref name=":5" /> Amma, ra'ayin cewa Gadsden Creek ko da rafi ne, ba tare da Gadsden River da aka rubuta a cikin asusun antebellum ba, ana jayayya. <ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Behre |first=Robert |title=A wetland, or drainage ditch to fill? |url=https://www.postandcourier.com/archives/a-wetland-or-drainage-ditch-to-fill/article_74bcfa0d-7075-58a9-be7a-1901d1512b59.html |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Post and Courier |language=en}}</ref> == Shirye-shiryen cikawa da jayayya mai gudana == A cikin shekara ta 2014, jami'an birni da masu haɓakawa sun ba da sanarwar shirin don aikin amfani da haɗin gwiwa wanda ya ƙunshi gidaje, wuraren ajiye motoci, da wuraren bincike na biotechnical tare da manufar cewa zai zama "cibiyar duniya don bincike".<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bowers |first=Paul |title=Officials say mixed-use biotech project would bring 3,000 residential units, generate $1 billion in investment |url=https://www.charlestoncitypaper.com/charleston/developers-say-mixed-use-biotech-project-would-bring-3000-residential-units-generate-1-billion-in-investment/Content?oid=4927600 |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Charleston City Paper |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Charleston |first=WestEdge |title=WestEdge Launched as World Class Research Community to Help Advance Economic Future of Charleston, SC |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/westedge-launched-as-world-class-research-community-to-help-advance-economic-future-of-charleston-sc-300080310.html |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en}}</ref>A lokacin sanarwar Gundumar Horizon daga baya aka sake masa suna WestEdge makomar Gadsden Creek ba ta da tabbas.<ref name=":2" /> Amma, a ranar 15 ga watan Afrilu, 2015, Gidauniyar Horizon Project ta nemi izini tare da Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Kula da Muhalli ta Kudu Carolina don cika mafi yawan rafin da kankare da kuma gina ramin ruwa don maye gurbin aikin ramin. A watan Yunin 2021, DHEC ta amince da shirin cika rafin.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |date=2021-06-23 |title=DHEC gives 'green light' for WestEdge Foundation to cap Gadsden Creek |url=https://www.counton2.com/news/local-news/dhec-gives-green-light-for-westedge-foundation-to-cap-gadsden-creek/ |access-date=2021-06-30 |website=WCBD News 2 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701144721/https://www.counton2.com/news/local-news/dhec-gives-green-light-for-westedge-foundation-to-cap-gadsden-creek/ |archive-date=2021-07-01 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Kungiyar Injiniyoyi tana da maganganun karshe kan ko za a cika rafin.<ref name=":8" /> === Masu adawa da masu goyon baya === Wata kungiya da ake kira Friends of Gadsden Creek an kafa ta ne a shekarar 2018 don adawa da shigar da rafin.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Donahue |first=Lillian |date=2019-07-24 |title=Concern grows over possible Gadsden Creek development in downtown Charleston |url=https://www.live5news.com/2019/07/24/concern-grows-over-possible-gadsden-creek-development-downtown-charleston/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Live 5 News |language=en-US}}</ref> Kungiyar ta yi imanin cewa shirye-shiryen WestEdge na cika kogin Gadsden ya hana 'yan Afirka na yankin da ake kira Gadsden Green (wanda aka fi sani da Back Da Green kuma cewa gwaje-gwaje masu gurɓataccen da kamfanonin da mai haɓaka ya hayar suka gudanar ba abin dogaro ba ne.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=The Issue |url=https://friendsofgadsdencreek.com/issue |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Friends of Gadsden Creek |language=en-US}}</ref> Birnin Charleston ya hayar kamfaninsa na muhalli don gudanar da gwaje-gwaje wanda za a saki a watan Agusta 2020.<ref name=":6" /> Wakilin jihar, Wendell Gilliard, ya fito ne a kan shirin WestEdge a shekarar 2019. Gilliard ya bayyana cewa ya yi imanin cewa shirin na iya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Andrew |date=2019-07-02 |title=Charleston lawmaker wants SC regulators to deny wetlands permit at WestEdge |url=https://www.postandcourier.com/business/charleston-lawmaker-wants-sc-regulators-to-deny-wetlands-permit-at-westedge/article_0f568aa2-9cea-11e9-9efe-6f3bd8a99df1.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Post and Courier |language=en}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, rahoton kula da ambaliyar ruwa na Dutch Dialogues da ke tallafawa birnin bai ba da shawarar a cika Gadsden Creek ba. Shugaba na Gidauniyar WestEdge, Michael Maher, ya rubuta don tallafawa shirin kungiyarsa cewa abin da ake ganin shi ne Gadsden Creek na tarihi a zahiri rami ne na kewayon kuma cewa:   Yawancin kungiyoyin muhalli da farko sun yi adawa da cika kogin, gami da Charleston Waterkeeper da Coastal Conservation League . <ref name=":5" /> Amma a cikin 2019, manyan daraktocin kungiyoyin biyu sun fitar da wani labari da ke nuna goyon baya ga shirin WestEdge. Sun bayyana cewa "kogin yau ba shi da wani abu iri daya" tare da kogin a cikin shekarun 1940, cewa gurɓataccen sa yana haifar da babbar haɗari ga mutane da namun daji da ke zaune a kusa, kuma kogin ba ya fita ta halitta. Bugu da ƙari, sun ambaci alkawarin WestEdge na inganta magudanar ruwa a yankin da kuma dawo da kadada ashirin a cikin wannan ruwa kamar yadda "yi ma'ana" ga shafin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cantray |first=Laura |last2=Wunderley |first2=Andrew |date=2019-07-15 |title=Conservationists: No simple solutions for Gadsden Creek |url=https://www.charlestoncitypaper.com/charleston/no-simple-solutions-for-gadsden-creek/Content?oid=28850877 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Charleston City Paper |language=en}}</ref> A cikin 2020, shugabannin Abokan Gadsden Creek sun soki kungiyoyin biyu saboda matsayinsu da kuma rashin bambancin ma'aikatan su da kwamitin su.<ref name=":6" /> == Manazarta == hy8lqfnaj7k4c650e1w5muntmmczoz0 0 170822 961791 934341 2026-10-02T07:22:06Z BnHamid 12586 961791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tsibirin Landsat''' ƙaramin tsibiri ne, wanda ba a zaune ba wanda ke da nisan kilomita 20 (12 daga bakin tekun arewa maso gabashin Labrador (wani ɓangare na lardin [[Kanada]] na Newfoundland da Labrador). An gano shi a cikin 1976 <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gray |first=David H. |date=Summer 2000 |title=Discovering Rocks Off Labrador: A Photo Essay |url=http://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/ibru/publications/full/bsb8-2_gray.pdf |url-status=dead |format=PDF |journal=IBRU Boundary and Security Bulletin |pages=89, 99 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130151635/http://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/ibru/publications/full/bsb8-2_gray.pdf |archive-date=January 30, 2020 |access-date=2013-07-15}}</ref> yayin nazarin hotuna daga tauraron dan adam na Landsat 1. Tsibirin yana da mita 25 da 45 kawai (82 , tare da jimlar yanki na mita 1,125 (12,110 sq . == Bincike == A shekara ta 1976, Elizabeth Fleming na Topographical Survey of Canada ta yi nazarin hotuna daga tauraron dan adam na Landsat 1 daga 1973 da 1974 don neman siffofin hydrographic da ba a sani ba a bakin tekun Labrador. Ta gano wasu siffofi masu yuwuwa, kuma daga baya Hukumar Kula da Ruwa ta Kanada ta gudanar da binciken filin don bincika waɗannan siffofi. Wannan binciken ya sami tsibirin Landsat, wanda daga baya aka sanya masa suna bayan tauraron dan adam, tare da duwatsu takwas da ba a san su ba. A cewar Frank Hall na Canadian Hydrographic Service, wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na ɗayan ƙungiyoyin helikofta na binciken, yana da kira na kusa da [[Beyar Polar|Beyar polar]] a tsibirin: {{Blockquote|[Hall] was strapped into a harness and lowered from a helicopter down to the island. This was quite a frozen island and it was completely covered with ice. As he was lowered out of the helicopter, a polar bear took a swat at him. The bear was on the highest point on the island and it was hard for him to see because it was white. Hall yanked at the cable and got himself hauled up. He said he very nearly became the first person to end his life on Landsat Island.|From [[Scott Reid (politician)|Scott Reid]]'s account of Hall's Landsat Island expedition given to the Canadian Parliament on October 30, 2001<ref>{{cite hansard |jurisdiction=Canada|title=Government Orders: Constitution of Canada, 1035|url=https://www.ourcommons.ca/DocumentViewer/en/37-1/house/sitting-105/hansard#T1035|house=House of Representatives|date=October 30, 2001|column=1035|speaker=[[Scott Reid (politician)|Scott Reid]]|position=Member for Lanark—Carleton}}</ref>}} Bayan gamuwar Hall da beyar polar, an ba da shawarar cewa a kira tsibirin "Polar Island", <ref name="nasa">{{Cite web |last=Rocchio |first=Laura |date=April 19, 2006 |title=Landsat Island |url=http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/news-archive/dyk_0001.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104011738/http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/news-archive/dyk_0001.html |archive-date=November 4, 2012 |access-date=2013-07-15 |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration}}</ref> amma an riƙe sunan yanzu. Tsibirin Landsat yana nuna alamar gabas mafi yawan ƙasar Kanada tare da wannan ɓangaren gabar Labrador. Saboda haka, bincikensa ya kara yankin teku na Kanada da kilomita 68 (26 sq . <ref name="nasa" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://science.nasa.gov/missions/landsat/landsat-island/ Labarin NASA: Tsibirin Landsat] (Afrilu 19, 2006) * {{Cite journal |last=Gray |first=David H. |date=Summer 2000 |title=Discovering Rocks Off Labrador: A Photo Essay |url=http://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/ibru/publications/full/bsb8-2_gray.pdf |url-status=dead |format=PDF |journal=IBRU Boundary and Security Bulletin |pages=89, 99 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130151635/http://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/ibru/publications/full/bsb8-2_gray.pdf |archive-date=January 30, 2020 |access-date=2013-07-15}} 5ni0hqbn5nmn0vdhvn2uw4g4jdcq6je 0 170843 961396 934430 2026-10-01T13:11:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Claudia Dayanara Spellman Sosa''' (an haife ta a [[Honduras]] a karni na 20) 'yar gwagwarmayar [[Mutanen LGBTQ|LGBT]] ce ta Honduras kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam. Don kokarin da ta yi a matsayin mai kare hakkin dan adam, [[Time (magazine)|Mujallar Time]] ta sanya ta a matsayin [[Time 100|daya daga cikin mutane ɗari mafi tasiri na 2021]]. == Rayuwa == A cewar rahotanni daga kungiyar LGBTIQ ta duniya OutRight Action International, a ranar 26 ga Mayu, 2007, 'yan sanda ne suka dakatar da Claudia Spellmant a kan hanyar zuwa kide-kide kuma suka nemi ta shiga motar' yan sanda ba tare da wani dalili ba. Lokacin da ta ki, an tsare ta kuma kai ta ofishin 'yan sanda. Bayan rabin sa'a, wasu mata bakwai, uku daga cikinsu mutane masu canza launin fata, jami'an 'yan sanda sun yi musu cin zarafin jiki, baki da tunani. Kanal Sandoval, shugaban 'yan sanda na gari, ya ba da umarni don doke ɗaya daga cikin matan da aka kama. Dalilin da ya bayar shi ne cewa ta saba wa umarninsa na kauce wa wasu wuraren jama'a a cikin birni waɗanda kawai suke ga waɗanda ake kira mutane na al'ada da masu kyau.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Anonymous |date=2007-07-12 |title=Honduras: New Arbitrary Detentions. This Time Victims are Travesti People |url=https://outrightinternational.org/content/honduras-new-arbitrary-detentions-time-victims-are-travesti-people |access-date=2022-05-15 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2020-11-12 |title=Primer periódico de investigación periodísticaDos de las testigas de la muerte de Vicky Hernández fueron asesinadas |url=https://reporterosdeinvestigacion.com/2020/11/12/dos-de-las-testigas-de-la-muerte-de-vicky-hernandez-fueron-asesinadas/ |access-date=2022-05-15 |language=es}}</ref> Saboda cin zarafin da ake yi wa mutanen da suka canza jinsi, Claudia Spellmant ta tsere daga Honduras a shekarar 2013 kuma yanzu haka tana zaune a New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-15 |title=Indyra Mendoza y Claudia Spellmant, dos hondureñas entre los personajes más influyentes de 2021, según Time |url=https://www.radioamerica.hn/indyra-mendoza-y-claudia-spellmant-dos-hondurenas-entre-los-personajes-mas-influyentes-de-2021-segun-time/ |access-date=2022-05-15 |website=Radio América |language=es}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2021-04-29 |title=While-the-old-murder-case-takes-new-life-some-transgender-people-hope |url=https://www.earthandlife.com/wahrend-the-old-murder-case-takes-new-life-some-transgender-people-hope.html |access-date=2022-05-15 |language=tr}}{{Dead link|date=December 2023|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai ƙira .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2022}} == Kasancewa == Claudia Spellmant ta kasance cikin kungiyar masu canza launin fata Colectivo Travesti na San Pedro Sula kuma memba ne na cibiyar sadarwa ''Redlactrans'', wanda ke wakiltar kungiyoyin masu canza launin ruwan kasa a Latin Amurka da Caribbean.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Redlactrans |date=2010 |title=Folleto Institu 2010 |url=http://redlactrans.org.ar/site/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Folleto-Institucional-Tr%C3%ADptico.pdf |access-date=2022-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003114657/http://redlactrans.org.ar/site/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Folleto-Institucional-Tr%C3%ADptico.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-03 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Wannan yana ba da shawara ga bayyanar mutanen da ke canza launin fata da inganta yanayin shari'arsu. Spellmant ya kafa kungiyar Colectivo Unidad Color Rossa . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-29 |title=Honduran state responsible for trans woman's murder - court |url=http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/jun/29/honduran-state-responsible-for-trans-womans-court |access-date=2022-05-15 |website=[[TheGuardian.com]] |language=en}}</ref> === Hukuncin kotun da ya dace: Vicky Hernández v. Jihar Honduras === Tare da kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights, cibiyar sadarwar 'yan mata ta ''Cattrachas'' da Indyra Mendoza ta kafa ta kawo shari'ar trans mutum da mai fafutuka ga mata trans Vicky Hernández a gaban Kotun Inter-American ta 'Yancin Dan Adam a [[Costa Rica]]. Sun wakilci dangin wadanda aka kashe kuma sun kai karar gwamnatin Honduras. A shekara ta 2009, an kashe Hernández a San Pedro Sula yana da shekaru 26. Wannan ya kasance wani ɓangare na jerin kisan gilla na mutanen da suka biyo bayan [[2009 coup in Honduras|Juyin mulkin Yuni]] wanda ya kori Shugaba José Manuel Zelaya. Daga wurin sauraron sa a [[Costa Rica]])">San Jose, Costa Rica, kotun ta kira wasu mutanen da ke da alaƙa da juna zuwa tsayawa ta hanyar kama-da-wane. Daga cikinsu akwai Claudia Spellmant, wacce ta kasance abokiyar Vicky Hernández . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Angelita Baeyens, Kacey Mordecai |date=2021-09-27 |title=Honduras, el mundo te observa: tienes una deuda pendiente con las personas trans |url=https://www.nytimes.com/es/2021/09/27/espanol/opinion/vicky-hernandez-honduras.html |access-date=2022-05-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Hernández a kai a kai ya ziyarci ofishin Spellmant na Colectivo Unidad Color Rossa a San Pedro Sula. Da farko, Hernández kawai ta sayi kwaroron roba kuma ta halarci horo na tsaro a can, amma daga baya ta zama memba mai aiki a cikin ƙungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Laura Paddison and Nina Lakhani {{!}} The Guardian |date=2021-06-30 |title=Honduran state responsible for trans woman's murder |url=https://www.genocidewatch.com/single-post/honduran-state-responsible-for-trans-woman-s-murder-court |access-date=2022-05-15 |language=en}}</ref> Hukumomi sun tabbatar da cewa Hernández ta kamu da kwayar cutar kanjamau kuma daga baya ba ta yi binciken gawa ba, don haka ba za a iya tantance yanayin mutuwarta ba. Spellmant ya shaida cewa jikin Hernández bai nuna alamun binciken gawa ba, amma an harbe shi a kai. Shaidar ta bayyana imanin cewa Hernández ta mutu ne saboda ta kasance mai kamu da kwayar cutar HIV.<ref name=":4" /> Spellmant ya shaida a cikin 2020 cewa a Honduras, nuna bambanci na tsari ya tura mutanen da ke cikin karuwanci. Yawancin mutanen da suka kasance a cikin wannan jiha za su mutu.<ref name=":4" /> Kotun a watan Yunin 2021 ta umarci gwamnatin Honduras da ta ci gaba da binciken lamarin da kuma fara doka don kare mutanen LGBT. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, ya ce, ya kamata a ba da izinin mutanen da suka yi jima'i su canza asalin jinsi a hukumance. Bugu da kari, kotun ta umarci gwamnati da ta biya $ 30,000 a cikin lalacewa ga dangin Vicky Hernández. Bugu da kari, gwamnatin Honduras za ta kirkiro tallafin karatu ga mata masu canza launin fata masu suna Vicky Hernández. <ref name=":0" />Har ila yau, dole ne a kirkiro shirin yaki da nuna bambanci ga hukumomin tsaro, kuma dole ne a ƙirƙiri rajistar jihohi na ayyukan tashin hankali ga mutanen LGBT.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2021 |title=Honduran state responsible for trans woman's murder - court |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/jun/29/honduran-state-responsible-for-trans-womans-court |access-date=2021-12-31 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> Honduras ta sanar da cewa za ta bi hukuncin.<ref name=":0" /> Claudia Spellmant da takwarorinta don haka sun sami hukunci a karo na farko a kotun da ta yi a kan batun ko gwamnatoci a yankin sun yi isasshen don kare mutanen da suka wuce. Wannan hukuncin an dauke shi "babban abu" na shari'a ga Latin Amurka da Caribbean. === Tarihi === Honduras tana daya daga cikin kasashe mafi haɗari ga mutane a cikin al'ummar LGBTIQ. Fiye da kisan gilla 389 na mutanen LGBTIQ an rubuta su tun watan Agustan 2009 (kamar na watan Agustan 2021). Kashi 89 ne kawai aka gurfanar da su kuma kashi 90 cikin 100 na ayyukan ba a hukunta su ba. Saboda yaduwar rashin hukunci na waɗannan laifuka a kan mutanen al'ummar LGBTIQ, an kafa kungiyoyi da yawa don ƙirƙirar mafaka, yin rikodin ayyukan tashin hankali, da kuma yada su a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na duniya.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=[[amerika21]] |date=2021-08-20 |title=LGBTIQ-Personen in Honduras besonders gefährdet |url=https://amerika21.de/2021/08/253440/lgbtiq-honduras |access-date=2025-11-02 |language=de}}</ref> Dangane da lura da Rainbow Association, ana kashe matsakaicin mutum daya na LGBTI a kowace rana 11 a Honduras. Wannan kusan 33 ne a kowace shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Honduras: LGBTI community mourns again |url=https://iuf.org/news/honduras-lgbti-community-mourns-again-2/ |access-date=2022-01-20 |website=IUL |language=en}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * 2021: [[Time (magazine)|Mujallar Time]]: Claudia Spellmant, tare da Indyra Mendoza, an zaba su a matsayin daya daga cikin mutane ɗari mafi tasiri na 2021 kuma an sanya su cikin jerin Time 100.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 September 2021 |title=Indyra Mendoza and Claudia Spellmant: TIME100 2021 |url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2021/6095955/indyra-mendoza-claudia-spellmant/ |access-date=2021-12-31 |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 7uyw1rc62qwp6zic0olut3y1quwwch9 0 170919 961435 952502 2026-10-01T15:57:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Madatsar ruwan Arthurs Lake''' madatsar ruwa ce mai cike da duwatsu a fadin Kogin Tafkin, wacce ke tsakanin ƙananan ƙauyuka na Wilburville da Morass Bay, a yankin [[Tsaunukan Tsakiya (Tasmania)|Central Highlands]] na Tasmania, Ostiraliya. An kammala ginin ma'ajiyar wutar lantarki ta Arthurs Lake a shekarar 1965, kuma an kafa wurin adana wutar lantarki na Arthurs Lake, {{Efn|Sometimes spelled as ''Arthur's Lake''.}} <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2013 |title=Tods Corner Power Station |url=http://www.energystorageexchange.org/projects/884.pdf |access-date=6 July 2015 |website=DOE Energy Storage Database |publisher=Sandia National Laboratories |archive-date=7 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707053427/http://www.energystorageexchange.org/projects/884.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Knight, Anne-Louise |date=August 2024 |title=Filling the voids: Pumped hydro proposals could see taxpayers financing mine rehabilitation |url=https://ieefa.org/sites/default/files/2024-08/Filling%20the%20voids_Aug24_2.pdf |access-date=2026-04-29 |website= |publisher=Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis |page=32}}</ref> [[Wutar lantarki ta ruwa|lantarki]] ta hanyar '''tashar wutar lantarki ta Tods Corner''', tashar ajiyar wutar [[Wutar lantarki ta ruwa|lantarki]] ta ruwa guda ɗaya tilo da ke Tasmania. Madatsar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki wani ɓangare ne na magudanar ruwa ta [[Babban Tafkin (Tasmania)|Great Lake]] da South Esk. Madatsar ruwa, ma'ajiyar ruwa da kuma tashar wutar lantarki mallakar Hydro Tasmania ne kuma ke sarrafa ta. == Bayanin Madatsar Ruwa da Tafki == === Dam === Katangar madatsar ruwa mai cike da duwatsu {{Convert|17|m}} da {{Convert|482|m}} tsayi. Idan ya cika, tafkin Burbury yana da karfin {{Convert|511390|ML|acre.ft}} kuma ya mamaye {{Convert|6459|ha}}, an ɗauko daga [[Ruwan ruwa|yankin magudanar ruwa]] mai {{Convert|259|km2}} . [[Hanyar Zube|Hanyar zubar ruwa mai sarrafawa ɗaya kuma wacce ba a iya sarrafawa ba]] tana iya fitar da {{Convert|43|m3/s}} . <ref name="ANCOLD">{{Cite web |date=January 2022 |title=Register of Large Dams Australia-2015 |url=https://ancold.org.au/information-resources/dams-information/ |access-date=2026-03-05 |website=[[ANCOLD]] |format=[[Microsoft Excel|Excel]]. Requires download. Row 11}}</ref> === Madatsar Ruwa === [[File:Arthurs_Lake.jpg|left|thumb| Tafkin a shekarar 2017]] Tafkin Arthurs yana cikin Tsakiyar Tsaunuka, arewa da babbar hanyar Lyell, gabashin [[Babban Tafkin (Tasmania)|Babban Tafkin]] . Turawa sun gano tafkin a shekarar 1825. An aika John Helder Wedge, wani mai bincike da kuma mai binciken ƙasa a ƙasar mulkin mallaka ta Van Dieman, don nemo tushen Kogin Tafkin, wanda ya samu a Tafkin Arthurs. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack, Dane |date=n.d. |title={{Title case|HISTORY OF THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS OF TASMANIA}} |url=https://www.bizcatalyst360.com/history-of-the-central-highlands-of-tasmania/7/ |access-date=2026-04-30 |website= |via=bizcatalyst360.com}}</ref> An ƙirƙiri Tafkin Arthurs a shekarun 1920 ta hanyar ambaliyar ruwa a saman Kogin Tafkin, [[Tafki|tafkuna biyu na halitta]] da ake da su, Blue Lake da Sand Lake, da kuma yankin dausayi . An sanya wa tafkin suna ne don girmama Janar Sir Arthur Cotton, <ref name="FH">{{Cite web |date=2018 |title=Arthurs Lake Hydro |url=https://www.fultonhogan.com/keyprojects/arthurs-lake-hydro/ |access-date=2026-04-30 |website=Fulton Hogan}}</ref> wani jami'in sojan Birtaniya kuma injiniyan [[ban ruwa]] . Ana fitar da ruwa daga tafkin Arthurs zuwa babban tafkin, wanda ke ciyar da tashar wutar lantarki ta Poatina . Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Tods Corner ta dawo da wasu daga cikin makamashin famfo. <ref name="ANCOLD" /> A shekarar 2017, Kamfanin Irrigation Tasmania ya sanya shingen kariya mai iyo don hana jiragen ruwa na kamun kifi shiga bututun ruwa a cikin wannan sanannen tafkin kamun kifi. <ref name="FH" /> <ref name="ifsbrochure">{{Cite web |title=Arthurs Lake Anglers Access |url=https://www.ifs.tas.gov.au/media/publications/Arthur_River_A4_Fact_Sheet.pdf |access-date=1 May 2023 |publisher=Inland Fisheries Services |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301232048/https://www.ifs.tas.gov.au/media/publications/Arthur_River_A4_Fact_Sheet.pdf |archive-date=1 March 2023 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Wurin madatsar ruwa yana cike da kifi mai launin ruwan kasa kuma wuri ne da masunta ke kamun kifi ke ziyarta a Tasmania. <ref>{{Cite web |date=n.d. |title=Fly Fishing at Arthurs Lake in Tasmania |url=https://www.trouttalestasmania.com.au/locations/fly-fishing-at-arthurs-lake-in-tasmania |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Trout Tales Tasmania}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=n.d. |title=Arthurs Lake |url=https://www.ifs.tas.gov.au/fisheries/waters-a-z/arthurs-lake/ |access-date=2026-04-30 |website=Inland Fisheries Service |publisher=[[Tasmanian Government]]}}</ref> == Tashar wutar lantarki ta ruwa == [[File:Hydro_Tasmania_floating_safety_barrier.jpg|alt=Floating Safety Barrier|left|thumb| Hana shiga jirgin ruwan kamun kifi zuwa yankin bututun ruwa na Hydro]] An gina tashar wutar lantarki ta Tods Corner wadda take a yankin Great Lake da South Esk, domin dawo da makamashin da ake da shi daga ruwan da ke fitowa daga tashar famfo ta Arthurs Lake. Domin ƙara girman ma'ajiyar ruwa a Babban Tafkin, da kuma ƙara yawan ruwan da ake samu a [[Tashoshin wutar lantarki na Waddamana|Tashoshin Wutar Lantarki na Waddamana]], {{Efn|Waddamana A was decommissioned in 1965; and Waddamana B was decommissioned in 1995.}} An ƙirƙiri Tafkin Arthurs a shekarun 1920 tare da toshe magudanan ruwa da dama kuma an tura ruwa daga ciki zuwa Babban Tafkin kamar yadda tashar ta buƙata. Da gina babbar tashar wutar lantarki ta Poatina a shekarar 1966 don maye gurbin Waddamana, an ƙara Tods Corner don dawo da wasu makamashin da tsarin famfo ke amfani da su. Tashar wutar lantarki tana gefen kudu maso gabashin Babban Tafki, a ƙarƙashin bangon madatsar ruwa, kuma ana samar mata da ruwa ta hanyar {{Convert|105|m|ft|-long}} wani bututun da aka haɗa da bututun buɗaɗɗen da ke ɗauke da fitar ruwa daga Tashar Famfo ta Arthurs Lake. <ref name="fact">{{Cite web |date=n.d. |title=Tods Corner Power Station |url=https://bravenewclimate.com/files/system/files/documents/ps_factsheets/todscorner_power_station-fact-sheets.pdf |access-date=2026-04-30 |website=Greak (sic) Lake - South Esk Catchment |publisher=[[Hydro Tasmania]] |via=bravenewclimate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250219220834/https://bravenewclimate.com/files/system/files/documents/ps_factsheets/todscorner_power_station-fact-sheets.pdf |archive-date=2025-02-19 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Kamfanin Hydro Electric Corporation ne ya ƙaddamar da tashar a shekarar 1966, kuma tana da injin turbine guda ɗaya mai suna Maier Francis wanda ke da ƙarfin {{Convert|1.7|MW}} an haɗa shi da janareta na Siemens . <ref name="fact" /> An kiyasta cewa wutar lantarki ta tashar za ta kai {{Convert|8|GWh|TJ}} kowace shekara, <ref name="ANCOLD" /> ana ciyar da shi zuwa ga tashar watsawa ta TasNetworks a ƙarfin fitarwa na 6.6&nbsp;k V ta hanyar na'urar karya da'ira da ke cikin wurin canza kaya na waje. <ref name="fact" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2015 |title=The Hydro after 100 Years |url=https://engineersaustralia.org.au/sites/default/files/2022-06/eha-magazine-v1-6.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220821083524/https://engineersaustralia.org.au/sites/default/files/2022-06/eha-magazine-v1-6.pdf |archive-date=21 August 2022 |access-date= |website=[[EHA Magazine]] |page=19}}</ref> == Manazarta == 09wxg33uud92503y51e04hnm116ztev 0 170931 961609 934662 2026-10-01T22:50:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dutsen Dry's Bluff''' wani dutse ne da ke cikin yankin Great Western Tiers Range a Tasmania. Tafiya zuwa saman dutsen an jera ta a cikin Abels a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin tafiya mafi wahala a rana a Tasmania tare da ƙaruwar tsayin sama da mita 1000 daga ƙasan tudun. Samun damar fara tafiyar yana ta gidan [[Bob Brown]] na Oura Oura wanda ke ɗauke da alamar ''"Barka da zuwa Traspassers'' a ƙofar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Michael Gordon |title=Brown ponders the meaning of Liffey, where the Greens began |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/brown-ponders-the-meaning-of-liffey-where-the-greens-began-20110318-1c0lk.html |access-date=February 26, 2018 |publisher=Sydney Morning Herald}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jessica Kidd |title=Trespassers Welcome sign on Bob Brown's former property at Liffey, Tasmania |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-03-20/trespassers-welcome-sign-on-bob-browns-former/2651440 |access-date=February 26, 2018 |publisher=ABC}}</ref> == Tarihi == Wataƙila an sanya masa suna ne bayan Richard Dry, Firimiyan Tasmania na farko da aka haifa a Tasmania, kuma ɗan Richard Dry Snr. wani ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Ireland. Richard Dry Snr. an ba shi ƙasa mai yawa a Quamby Plains mai nisan kilomita 30 arewa da dutsen. == Labarin ƙasa da ilimin ƙasa == Dry's Bluff yana kudu da Liffey a gefen tsakiyar tsaunin kuma samansa yana da {{Convert|1340|m}} sama da matakin teku. An yi shi da ginshiƙan Jurassic dolerite waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Babban Tiers na Yammacin Turai.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2018}} == Samun dama == Tafiya zuwa Dry's Bluff ta fara ne daga wurin ajiyar Oura Oura, mallakar Bush Heritage Australia . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gift of Oura Oura |url=https://www.bushheritage.org.au/newsletters/2011/winter/gift-of-oura-oura |access-date=February 26, 2018 |publisher=Bush Heritage Australia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227034201/https://www.bushheritage.org.au/newsletters/2011/winter/gift-of-oura-oura |archive-date=February 27, 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Sannan ta hau sama da mita 1000 a cikin tseren mita 2.5&nbsp;kilomita ta cikin busassun dazuzzuka, ta wuce gangaren scree, ta cikin layin dutse da kuma cikin tsaunukan tsaunuka. == Hotuna == [[Fayil:House_at_Drys_Bluff.JPG|alt=Oura Oura with Dry's Bluff in the background|none|thumb| Oura Oura tare da Dry's Bluff a bango]] == Manazarta == l98ug9h5secx777yv874ioflwnerkor 0 170949 961422 952494 2026-10-01T15:41:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dajin Polo''', wanda kuma aka sani da '''Dajin Vijaynagar''', busasshen daji ne mai gauraye da ke tsiro kusa da ƙauyen Abhapur a Vijaynagar Taluka, gundumar Sabarkantha, [[Gujarat]], Indiya. Tana nan a ƙasan tsaunukan [[Yankin Aravalli|Aravalli]] da kuma gefen Kogin Harnav na dindindin, wanda ya bazu a faɗin {{Convert|400|sqkm|acre}} . <ref name="GT">{{Cite web |title=Polo Monument and Vijaynagar Forest |url=https://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/12/82 |access-date=2018-12-01 |website=Gujarat Tourism |language=en |archive-date=2018-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201180833/https://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/12/82 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Flora da fauna == [[Fayil:Panoramic_view_of_a_lake_within_polo_forest.jpg|thumb|300x300px| Tafki a cikin dajin Polo]] Misali ne na dazuzzukan busassun bishiyoyi na kudanci masu zafi tare da dazuzzukan teak busassun nau'i (5A/C-1b) bisa ga rarrabuwar Champion & Seth. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=State of Environment Reports of Gujarat |url=http://gujenvis.nic.in/PDF/soe-forest.pdf |publisher=The State ENVIS Hub : Status of Environment & Related Issues - Gujarat}}</ref> Bayan damina, tsakanin Satumba da Disamba, dajin yana da dausayi. Akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu magani sama da 450, kimanin tsuntsaye 275, nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa 30, nau'ikan kifaye 9 da kuma dabbobi masu rarrafe 32. An ruwaito kimanin nau'ikan bishiyoyi 79, ganyaye 24 da bishiyoyi, 16 na masu hawa dutse, 18 na ciyawa da bamboo a yankin. Akwai beyar mai wayo, damisa, panthers, kuraye, tsuntsayen ruwa, raptors, passerines, barewa masu ƙaho huɗu, common civet, kurayen daji, da kuma squirrels masu tashi. A lokacin hunturu, dajin yana jan hankalin tsuntsaye masu ƙaura da tsuntsayen da ke da dausayi a lokacin damina. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Polo Forest Site |url=https://forests.gujarat.gov.in/polo-forest-site.htm |access-date=2018-12-01 |website=Principal Chief Conservator of Forest & Head of the Forest Force (HoFF), Government of Gujarat |language=en}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> Dajin yana kuma da Grey Hornbill da Barbet mai kaifi da ke fuskantar barazanar ɓacewa. <ref name="GT" /> Dajin yana kan iyakar dazuzzukan teak a Indiya saboda teak ba ya girma a arewacin kwarin kogin Harnar. Daji ne da ke arewacin kogin Narmada inda ake iya bambance nau'ikan bishiyoyi da yawa cikin sauƙi. <ref name=":1" /> == Tarihi == Akwai wani gari da sarakunan Parihar na Idar suka kafa a kusa da kogin Harnav wataƙila a ƙarni na 10. Rathores na Marwar ne suka mamaye ta a ƙarni na 15 kuma ta koma ƙarƙashin Daular Idar . Garin yana tsakanin tsaunuka biyu masu tsayi, Kalaliyo da Mamrehchi, wanda ke toshe hasken rana a mafi yawan lokutan yini wanda wataƙila ya haifar da watsi da garin. <ref name="GT" /> Sunan ''Polo'' ya samo asali ne daga ''kalmar pol'' wadda a zahiri take nufin ƙofa a yaren Marwari da yaren Gujarati. <ref name="GT" /> == Abubuwan tarihi na Polo == Dajin yana da tarkacen gidajen ibada na Hindu da [[Jainanci|Jain]] da aka gina a ƙarni na 15 kamar su haikalin Sharneshwar Shiva, Sadevant Savlinga na Dera, Surya Mandir da Lakhena na Dera. Sashen ilmin kayan tarihi na jihar ne ke gyara waɗannan gidajen ibada kuma ke kula da su. <ref name=":0" /> === Haikalin Sharaneshwar Shiva === [[Fayil:Sarneshwar,_Polo_Forest.JPG|thumb| Haikalin Sharneshwar Shiva]] Haikalin Sharaneshwar da aka gina a ƙarni na 15 wanda aka keɓe wa Shiva yana cikin Abhapur. Haikali ne mai hawa uku wanda aka kewaye shi da katanga mai ƙarfi, yana da ƙofofi a gabas da yamma. Yana cikin yanayi mara kyau. Yana da ''grabhgriha'', ''antarala'', ''gudhamandpa'' (tsakiyar tsafi), ''nandi-mandapa/sabhamandpa'' a gaba da ''pradakshina'' (ambulatory) a kusa da tsakiyar wurin ibada. Akwai baranda guda biyu a gefunan. Akwai ''yagnakunda'' mai sassaka ''vedi'' a gaban haikalin. An ƙawata ''mandovara'', ''pitha'' (tushe) da ''vedika'' da sassaka masu salo irin na Chaulukya . Ginshiƙan da ke zagaye sun bambanta da wannan salon kuma suna da santsi tare da tazara na zobba a kan sandar da kuma babban ginshiƙi da tushe mai siffar lotus. An lalata ''shikhara'' da rufin baranda da ''mandapa'' . Zane-zanen da aka yi a bangon waje sun haɗa da ''jangha'' biyu da aka ƙawata da hotunan Yama, Bhairava, Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Indra, Parvati, Indrani, Ganesha ; wuraren rayuwar zamantakewa; ƙungiyoyin mutane, giwaye, swans da shuke-shuke. Akwai tarkacen wasu ƙananan haikali a kusa. Akwai gidan ibada na Chamunda mai hannu huɗu kusa da shi. Wani dutse mai suna paliya (dutsen jarumi) a cikin gidan ya rubuta tarihin Vikram Samvat a shekara ta 1554 da Shaka Samvat a shekara ta 1420 kuma ya ambaci Rao Bhana a matsayin sarkin Idar. === Dera na Lakhera === [[Fayil:History_of_polo_forest.jpg|thumb| Haikalin Lakhera]] [[Fayil:0081423_Jain_temples_of_Abhapur,_Polo_forest,_Gujarat_237.jpg|thumb| Haikalin Jain]] [[Fayil:Outer_wall_of_Lakhena_Jain_temple_-_Abhapur_-_Gujarat_-_DSC001.jpg|thumb| Bangon Waje na Lakha Mandir]] [[Fayil:Sbl5.jpg|thumb| An sassaka allon jali a kan mandapa na "Jain temple 1", ƙarni na 15]] ==Manazarta {{Reflist}} h4avf0apcmui0sogcvfapjb1zftja6h 0 171217 961645 953255 2026-10-02T02:29:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Elizabeth_Stephansen.png|right|thumb|300x300px]] ( '''Mary Ann''' ) '''Elizabeth Stephansen''' (10 Maris 1872 - 23 Fabrairu 1961) ƙwararren masanin lissafi ne kuma mai ilimi ɗan ƙasar Norway. Tana ɗaya daga cikin mata 'yan ƙasar Norway na farko da aka ba wa digirin digirgir. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elizabeth Stephansen |url=https://lokalhistoriewiki.no/wiki/Elizabeth_Stephansen |access-date=March 1, 2018 |publisher=lokalhistoriewiki.no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316024107/https://lokalhistoriewiki.no/wiki/Elizabeth_Stephansen |archive-date=March 16, 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Connor |first=J J |last2=Robertson |first2=E F |date=August 2005 |title=Mary Ann Elizabeth Stephansen |url=http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Stephansen.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070811123145/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Stephansen.html |archive-date=2007-08-11 |access-date=March 1, 2018 |publisher=School of Mathematics and Statistics. University of St Andrews, Scotland}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Stephansen a [[Bergen]], Norway. Ita ce babbar 'yar Anton Stephan Stephansen (1845–1929) da Gerche Reimers Jahn (1848–1935). Mahaifinta ɗan kasuwa ne kuma mai shagon yadi. Daga baya ya kafa masana'antar yadi, Espelandfos Spinderi & Tricotagefabrik, a Arna . Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Cathedral ta Bergen inda ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1891. Ta iya Jamusanci sosai kuma ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Switzerland]] don ci gaba da karatunta. Ta halarci Eidgenössische Polytechnikum a Zurich kuma ta kammala a 1896. An buga littafin ta ''Ueber partielle Differentialgleichungen vierter Ordnung die ein intermediäres Integral besitzen'' a 1902. Ta sami digirin digirgir ( Dr. Philos. ) a lokacin da ba ta nan daga Jami'ar Zurich a kaka ta 1902. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Espelandfos Spinderi & Tricotagefabrik |url=https://digitaltmuseum.org/021167115289/janusfabrikken-tekstilindustri |access-date=March 1, 2018 |publisher=Norsk Teknisk Museum}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elizabeth Stephansen |url=https://snl.no/Elizabeth_Stephansen |access-date=December 15, 2016 |publisher=Store norske leksikon}}</ref> A tsakanin 1902 zuwa 1903, ta yi tafiya zuwa Jami'ar Göttingen a ƙarƙashin tallafin gwamnati don halartar laccoci daga fitattun masana lissafi na Jamus, Ernst Zermelo, David Hilbert da Felix Klein . Ta fara aiki a matsayin malamar lissafi a Makarantar Cathedral ta Bergen da Makarantar Fasaha ta Bergen. Tsakanin 1905-1906, ta kammala binciken lissafi kuma ta rubuta ƙarin takardu kan daidaiton bambanci. Daga shekarar 1906 har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1937 ta yi aiki a Kwalejin Noma ta Norway da ke Ås a Akershus . Ta fara koyar da ilimin kimiyyar lissafi da lissafi. A shekarar 1921, an naɗa ta Docent a fannin lissafi. [1] [2] A lokacin da ta yi ritaya, ta zauna a gonar iyali da ke Espeland a Arna ( ''Espeland, gnr. 289, gårdsbruk i Arna'' ) wanda mahaifinta ya fara samu a shekarar 1918. Bayan 'yantar da Norway a shekarar 1945, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Sarki ( ''Kongens fortjenstmedalje'' ) saboda taimakon da ta bai wa fursunonin Norway da aka tsare a sansanin tsare fursunonin Nazi na Espeland ( ''Espeland fangeleir'' ). Ta rasu a shekarar 1961 a Espeland a gundumar Arna ta zamani, kuma an binne ta a Makabartar Solheim da ke gundumar Årstad ta Bergen. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Espeland (Arna) |url=http://www.bergenbyarkiv.no/bergenbyleksikon/arkiv/1424308 |access-date=March 1, 2018 |publisher=Bergen byleksikon}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Espeland fangeleir |url=http://www.bergenbyarkiv.no/bergenbyleksikon/arkiv/1424633 |access-date=March 1, 2018 |publisher=Bergen byleksikon}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kongens fortjenstmedalje |url=https://lokalhistoriewiki.no/wiki/Kongens_fortjenstmedalje |access-date=April 1, 2018 |publisher=lokalhistoriewiki |archive-date=March 4, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304172331/https://lokalhistoriewiki.no/wiki/Kongens_fortjenstmedalje |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Matattun 1961]] 8b49rn87trsz0l6xjsia6khphvuiree 0 171244 961650 935954 2026-10-02T04:12:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Enolia Pettigen McMillan''' (20 ga Oktoba, 1904 - 24 ga Oktoba, 2006) [[malami]] Amurka ce, [[Hakkokin Jama'a Da Na Siyasa|Mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama]], kuma Shugaban al'umma. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta zama shugabar kasa ta NAACP . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haife ta '''Enolia Virginia Pettigen''' a Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, ita ce 'yar Elizabeth Fortune Pettigen da John Pettigen, wanda ya kasance tsohon [[Bauta a Amurka|bawa]]. Lokacin da take 'yar shekara takwas, iyalin suka koma [[Maryland]] don neman ingantaccen damar ilimi.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=27 October 2006 |title=Enolia P. McMillan -- first woman named NAACP president |url=http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Enolia-P-McMillan-first-woman-named-NAACP-2486050.php |access-date=2015-05-06}}</ref> Enolia Pettigen ta halarci [[Baltimore]],_[[Maryland]])" id="mwGA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Frederick Douglass Senior High School (Baltimore, Maryland)">Makarantar Sakandare ta Frederick Douglass a Baltimore, Maryland kuma daga baya [[Jami'ar Howard]] a [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]], tare da taimakon tallafin karatu daga Alpha Kappa Alpha . Ta kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko a fannin ilimi a shekarar 1926. <ref name=":1" /> == Ayyuka == McMillan ya zama malami a 1927 a Caroline County, Maryland yana koyarwa a Denton High School. A shekara ta 1928, ta zama shugabar a Charles County . <ref name=":1" /> Ta zama shugabar kungiyar malamai masu launin fata ta Jihar Maryland da mataimakin shugaban yankin na kungiyar malamain launin fata ta kasa. Bayan shekarar 1954 ''Brown v. Hukumar Ilimi'' ta haramta makarantun jama'a, ta kasance daya daga cikin malamai na farko a makarantar fararen fata. Ta yi ritaya daga koyarwa a shekarar 1968. A shekara ta 1969, ta kayar da Juanita Mitchell don zama shugabar reshen Baltimore na NAACP . A lokacin shugabancinta, an yi wa Ofishin Kasa barazanar fatarar kuɗi a shekara ta 1976 saboda shari'ar shari'a game da shi dangane da kauracewa 'yan kasuwa na fari a Port Gibson, Mississippi a shekarar 1966. Ta kaddamar da yunkurin tara kudade don taimakawa wajen biyan kudade, kuma kokarin da ta yi ya haifar da reshen Baltimore da ya tara gudummawar mafi girma na $ 150,000.[1] A shekara ta 1984, ta zama mace ta farko da aka zaba a matsayin shugabar kasa ta NAACP, kuma ta rike mukamin har zuwa 1990. Matsayin da aka taka a lokacin ya kasance na bikin, amma McMillan yana da tasiri sosai a kan manufofi da ayyukan kungiyar. Tare da tsohon Babban Darakta na NAACP [[Benjamin Hooks]], an yaba mata da shirya tafiyar kungiyar daga New York zuwa Baltimore a shekarar 1986. <ref name=":1" /> McMilllan ta kasance mai sukar Gwamnatin Reagan, wanda ta ji ya cutar da kokarin bayar da shawarwari na NAACP a cikin gidaje, ilimi, aiki da kasuwanci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009 |title=Women Leaders Are Backbone of NAACP |url=http://www.whoisroslynbrock.com/pdf/CRIS_09.pdf |access-date=May 6, 2015}}</ref> A lokacin da take aiki, ta kuma taimaka wa kasuwancin baƙar fata don karɓar kwangilar tarayya, kuma, a 1985, ta jagoranci zanga-zanga a Washington game da Tsarin wariyar launin fata na Afirka ta Kudu. A shekara ta 1941, an dauki hotonta a tsakanin wakilai a taron farko na jihar na Maryland NAACP . A shekara ta 1975, an nada ta a matsayin mace ta farko a matsayin shugabar kwamitin masu mulki a Jami'ar Jihar Morgan . == Rayuwa ta mutum == A ranar 26 ga Disamba, 1935, Enolia Pettigen ta auri Betha D. McMillan . Sun haifi ɗa, Betha McMillan Jr., a shekara ta 1940.<ref name=":1" /> Ta mutu a ranar 24 ga Oktoba, 2006, a Stevenson, Maryland daga [[gazawar zuciya]] kawai kwana hudu bayan bikin ranar haihuwarta ta 102. An binne ta a King Memorial Park a Baltimore . <ref>{{Cite web |title=King Memorial Park |url=http://www.kingmemorialpark.com/who-we-are/our-history-and-staff |access-date=2015-05-06 |website=King Memorial Park |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520093506/http://www.kingmemorialpark.com/who-we-are/our-history-and-staff |archive-date=2015-05-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da girmamawa == * An shigar da ita cikin Hall of Fame na Mata na Maryland a shekarar 1990. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Women of the Maryland Women's Hall of Fame |url=http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshall/html/whflist.html |access-date=2015-05-06 |website=msa.maryland.gov}}</ref> * An ba ta digiri na girmamawa a cikin Ayyukan Jama'a daga Jami'ar Maryland, Baltimore County a shekarar 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UMBC: Office of the Provost |url=http://www.umbc.edu/provost/Resources/HonoraryDegrees&CommencementSpeakers.html |access-date=2015-05-06 |website=www.umbc.edu}}</ref> * A shekara ta 2000, an sake sunan titin da ke kusa da reshen Baltimore na NAACP Enolia P. McMillan Way . <ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2006]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1904]] t4b3iqt3xxxsvto0v5zsz86sankna5y 0 171356 961450 936255 2026-10-01T16:43:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dandalin Kayan Aikin Nexus''' ko '''NTP''' dandamali ne na kaya na yanar gizo wanda ke ba da damar yin hulɗa da [[Tsarin kimantawa na hadin gwiwa|samfuran muhalli]] ta hanyar ƙididdiga . Cibiyar UNU don Gudanar da Haɗaɗɗen Gudanar da Sauye-sauyen Kayayyaki da Albarkatu (UNU-FLORES) ta ƙera, <ref name="NTP paper">{{Cite journal |last=Mannschatz |first=T. |last2=et |first2=al |date=2016 |title=Nexus Tools Platform: Web-Based Comparison of Modelling Tools for Analysis of Water-Soil-Waste Nexus |journal=Environmental Modelling & Software |volume=76 |pages=137–53 |doi=10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.10.031}}</ref> dandamalin yana taimaka wa mai amfani ya bincika kayan aikin ƙira da ke akwai waɗanda suka shafi kula da albarkatun muhalli da kuma ra'ayoyin haɗin gwiwa da ke da alaƙa, kamar Haɗin Ruwa-Makamashi-Abinci . Sakamakon haka, mai amfani zai iya zaɓar kayan aikin da suka fi dacewa don dacewa da buƙatun bincike. == Gudanar da Albarkatu Masu Haɗaka (Hanyar Nexus) == Idan aka yi la'akari da karuwar yawan jama'a a duniya, ana sa ran bukatar [[abinci]] da [[ruwa]] za ta karu da fiye da kashi 50% nan da shekarar 2050. <ref name="Food Demand">{{Cite journal |last=Valin |first=H. |last2=et |first2=al |date=2014 |title=The future of food demand: understanding differences in global economic models |journal=Agricultural Economics |volume=45 |pages=51–67 |doi=10.1111/agec.12089 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> <ref name="OECD">{{Cite web |date=2012 |title=OECD ENVIRONMENTAL OUTLOOK TO 2050: The Consequences of Inaction. Key Facts and Figures |url=http://www.oecd.org/env/indicators-modelling-outlooks/49910023.pdf |access-date=13 March 2019 |publisher=OECD}}</ref> A lokaci guda kuma, ayyukan [[noma]] sun riga sun sanya damuwa sosai kan yawan da ingancin [[Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)|ƙasa]] da albarkatun ruwa a duk duniya. Wannan yana haifar da ƙaruwar [[Rashin lalacewar ƙasa|lalacewar ƙasa]] <ref name="Erosion">{{Cite journal |last=Borrelli |first=Pasquale |last2=et |first2=al |date=2017 |title=An Assessment of the Global Impact of 21st Century Land Use Change on Soil Erosion |journal=Nature Communications |volume=8 |doi=10.1038/s41467-017-02142-7 |pmc=5722879 |pmid=29222506 |doi-access=free}}</ref> da kuma lalacewar yanayin ƙasa . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sánchez-Bayo |first=Francisco |last2=Wyckhuys |first2=Kris A.G. |date=2019 |title=Worldwide decline of the entomofauna: A review of its drivers |journal=Biological Conservation |volume=232 |pages=8–27 |doi=10.1016/j.biocon.2019.01.020 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Maganganu na dogon lokaci ga waɗannan ƙalubalen suna buƙatar haɗin gwiwar kula da albarkatun muhalli wanda kuma za a iya kiransa da [https://flores.unu.edu/en/research/nexus Hanyar Nexus] . Wannan hanyar ta mayar da hankali kan haɗin gwiwa tsakanin sassa domin rage ciniki, ƙara ingancin amfani da albarkatu, da kuma inganta [[Manufofin muhalli|manufofi]] da [[Environmental governance|shugabanci]] na muhalli wanda yake da matuƙar muhimmanci ga cimma [[Manufofin Ci Gaban Ci Gaban|burin ci gaba mai ɗorewa]] . Misali, ana ɗaukar tsarin kula da ruwa mai tsafta a fannin samar da amfanin gona a matsayin aiwatar da ''tsarin sharar ruwa da ƙasa'' . == Ofishin Jakadanci == Gudanar da albarkatun ƙasa mai haɗaka yana buƙatar amfani da kayan aikin [[Tsarin kimantawa na hadin gwiwa|ƙirar muhalli masu haɗaka]] . Duk da haka, babu wani tsari guda ɗaya da zai iya rufe dukkan hulɗar da ke tsakanin albarkatun ƙasa kamar [[ruwa]], [[Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)|ƙasa]], da [[Shara|sharar gida]] . <ref name="NTP paper" /> Bugu da ƙari, akwai rashin sanin samfuran da ake da su da kuma ƙarfinsu wanda ke haifar da ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo na ƙirƙirar sabbin samfura maimakon amfani ko ƙara faɗaɗa waɗanda suka riga suka riga suka wanzu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018 |title=Nexus Tools Platform: An Interactive Platform for Inter-model Comparison of Existing Modelling Tools |url=https://www.water-energy-food.org/resources/resources-detail/tools-nexus-tools-platform-an-interactive-platform-for-inter-model-comparison-of-existing-modelling-tools |access-date=24 April 2019 |publisher=Nexus - The Water, Energy & Food Security Platform}}</ref> Da nufin magance matsalolin da aka ambata a sama, an ƙirƙiri [http://data.flores.unu.edu/projects/ntp Dandalin Kayan Aikin Nexus] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} . Yana ba da cikakken bayani game da bayanin samfuri da zaɓuɓɓukan tacewa na ci gaba ta amfani da software na gani na tushen buɗewa na Kibana . Dandalin ba ya ƙoƙarin haɗa dukkan samfuran da za a iya amfani da su, sai dai don samar da hanya mafi inganci don kwatanta waɗanda aka kafa da kuma ci gaba da sabunta abubuwan ta hanyar tsarin ra'ayi tare da masu amfani da samfura da masu haɓakawa . [[File:NTP_screenshot.jpg|center|thumb|400x400px| Hoton hoton da aka ɗauka na Nexus Tools Platform (Maris 2019)]] == Tarihi == An buga sigar farko ta gidan yanar gizon a watan Afrilun 2015, wanda ya fara da bayanan samfura 60 daga ko'ina cikin duniya. <ref name="NTP release">{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=UNU Launches Interactive Platform for Comparing Nexus-Related Modeling Tools |url=http://sdg.iisd.org/news/unu-launches-interactive-platform-for-comparing-nexus-related-modeling-tools |access-date=24 April 2019 |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=UNU-FLORES Launches Nexus Tools Platform |url=https://unu.edu/news/news/unu-flores-launches-nexus-tools-platform.html |access-date=13 March 2019 |publisher=UNU-FLORES |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322125235/https://unu.edu/news/news/unu-flores-launches-nexus-tools-platform.html |archive-date=22 March 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Shekara guda bayan haka, an buga wata takarda a cikin mujallar Tsarin Samfura da Software ta Muhalli wadda ke bayanin ci gaban NTP, hanyoyin tattara bayanai, da misalan aikace-aikace. <ref name="NTP paper" /> A watan Maris na 2018, an fitar da NTP 2.0 tare da ƙarin adadin samfuran da ake da su (84), ingantaccen rarrabuwa da kuma hangen nesa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018 |title=5 Things You Need to Know about Nexus Tools Platform 2.0 |url=https://flores.unu.edu/en/news/news/5-things-you-need-to-know-about-nexus-tools-platform-2-0.html |access-date=24 April 2019 |publisher=UNU-FLORES |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424093136/https://flores.unu.edu/en/news/news/5-things-you-need-to-know-about-nexus-tools-platform-2-0.html |archive-date=24 April 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta hanyar ayyukan bincike da tacewa na ci gaba, masu amfani za su iya bambance kayan aikin ƙira dangane da nau'ikan samfura, shahara, hanyoyin da aka yi la'akari da su, sigogin shigarwa da fitarwa, yankunan aikace-aikace (ƙasashe), yaren shirye-shirye, da sauransu. Kwanan nan, an sabunta dukkan bayanan kuma an ƙara wani samfurin guda ɗaya wanda ya kai jimillar 85. == Tushen Bayanai == Ana tattara bayanai na dandamali ta hanyoyi biyu: * Bayanin shiga a bude wanda ke samuwa a gidajen yanar gizo na samfura, littattafai, da wallafe-wallafen da suka dace. Ana ƙara sarrafa wannan bayanin don dacewa da tsarin rarrabuwa na NTP; * Bayanan da masu haɓaka samfurin suka bayar kai tsaye. Jerin samfuran da ake da su a yanzu ya haɗa da fannoni daban-daban na bincike, tun daga fannin nazarin ruwa da kula da ƙasa zuwa batutuwan [[Ingancin ruwa|ingancin]] [[Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)|ƙasa]] da ruwa, daga matakin gida zuwa na duniya. Wasu daga cikin shahararrun misalan sune SWAT, MODFLOW, HEC-RAS, da CESM . Ba a yi nufin NTP don tallata kowace samfurin da aka jera a gidan yanar gizon ba. Bayanin, ko a cikin zane ko rubutu, an gabatar da shi ne kawai don dalilai na kimiyya da ilimi. == Duba kuma == * UNU-FLORES * Jami'ar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNU) * Haɗin gwiwa a fannin ruwa, makamashi da tsaron abinci == Manazarta == 2dq193tpl35j3a4pqc1k3398d9h575m 0 171409 961608 953101 2026-10-01T22:46:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}  [[File:Draught_Dog_from_1915.JPG|thumb| Karen da ke zana zane, 1915]] [[File:Lucia_(64774).jpg|thumb| Kare yana jan karusa, Poland 2003]] '''Yin zane''' (wanda kuma aka sani da '''keken doki''' ) wani aiki ne ko wasan kare wanda [[kare]] (yawanci babban nau'in ) ke jan keken doki ko keken doki cike da kayayyaki, kamar kayan gona, kayan sansani, kayan abinci ko itacen wuta, amma wani lokacin yana jan mutane. == Tarihi == Zaɓen ya ƙunshi jan karnuka ko keken doki, wani aiki da aka saba yi a tarihi don taimaka wa manoma wajen jigilar kaya. <ref name="Mansourian">{{Cite web |last=Mansourian |first=Erika |title=Breeds Who Enjoy Drafting Just for the Haul of it |url=https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/lifestyle/breeds-who-enjoy-drafting-just-for-the-haul-of-it/ |access-date=2025-04-18 |website=www.akc.org}}</ref> : 8  === Tsoho === [[File:Two_Klondikers_with_dogs_packing_supplies_along_the_Chilkoot_Trail_near_Dyea,_Alaska,_1897_(LAROCHE_111).jpeg|thumb| Karnuka suna jan travois, Alaska 1897]] An yi amfani da travois don rubuta takardu a Arewacin Amurka, <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Palika |first=Liz |date=2003-04-01 |title=A New Spin on an Old Tradition |url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f6h&AN=9161381&site=eds-live&scope=site |journal=Dog World |volume=88 |issue=4 |pages=47}}</ref> musamman a tsakanin 'yan Indiyawan Plains . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gadacz |first=Renee |date=2012-04-19 |title=Travois |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/travois |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419125642/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/travois |archive-date=2012-04-19 |access-date=2025-04-20 |website=The Canadian Encyclopedia}}</ref> Manyan hanyoyin tarihi, kamar titin Lewis da Clark Trail-Travois da kuma titin Lewis da Clark Pass na Montana, matafiya sun yi amfani da travois sosai. Maimaita hanyar ta haifar da zurfafan ramuka a layi ɗaya a cikin ƙasa—alamomi da har yanzu ake iya gani a yau. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lewis & Clark Trail-Travois Road--Lewis and Clark Expedition: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary |url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/lewisandclark/lew.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119051515/http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/lewisandclark/lew.htm |archive-date=19 January 2008 |access-date=2013-10-24}}</ref> Ana iya samun ƙarin ragowar waƙoƙin travois a Wurin Tarihi na Ƙasa na Kauyukan Indiya na Kogin Knife . Shaidun kayan tarihi sun nuna cewa an yi amfani da travois kafin ƙirƙirar ƙafafun, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Un Travois pour les dieux. Lac de Chalain 31ième siècle avant J.-C. |trans-title=A Travois for the Gods |url=http://musee-archeologienationale.fr/sites/musee-archeologienationale.fr/files/un_travois_pour_les_dieux.pdf |language=fr |access-date=2026-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927165732/https://musee-archeologienationale.fr/sites/musee-archeologienationale.fr/files/un_travois_pour_les_dieux.pdf |archive-date=2020-09-27 |url-status=dead}} [https://www.canal-u.tv/chaines/cerimes/films-du-crava-archeologie-ethnologie/un-travois-pour-les-dieux-lac-de-chalain-31e The film]</ref> tare da wasu waƙoƙi a New Mexico waɗanda suka yi kama da shekaru 22,000 da suka gabata. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Landymore |first=Frank |date=2025-03-02 |title=Scientists Find Evidence of Vehicles From Tens of Thousands of Years Ago |url=https://futurism.com/evidence-vehicles-tens-thousands-years-old |access-date=2025-03-03 |website=Futurism}}</ref> [[File:Karrenhund_griechische_Vase.jpg|thumb| Gilashin fure na Girka wanda ke nuna karnukan da ake zana su]] An gano tukwane da ke nuna zane-zane a tsohuwar Girka da [[Rum|Roma]] tun daga ƙarni na 2 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. : 13 An san Sarkin Roma Elagabalus da amfani da karnukan da aka zana, kamar yadda masanin tarihi Lampridius ya bayyana: === Turai ta zamani da masana'antu ta farko === Justus Lipsius, masanin ɗan adam (1547–1606) ya bayyana shaidar rubutawa, yana rubutawa: A tsakanin manyan Turawa, ana yawan amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin don nishaɗi. Mata a filin wasa za su yi tsere a wuraren shakatawa. A shekara ta 1608, an ga Louis XIII yana jagorantar wata ƙaramar karusa da manyan jiragen ruwa biyu ke ja, ta cikin Babban Gidan Tarihi na Louvre . : 15  [[File:The_conquest_of_nature_(1911)_(14763170511).jpg|thumb| Ana jigilar madarar da aka yi da karen da aka ja, 1911]] [[File:Hondenkar.jpg|thumb| Kekunan kare biyu, Netherlands 1904]] A tarihi, ana amfani da keken kare a Belgium da Netherlands wajen isar da madara, burodi, da sauran kayayyaki. A shekara ta 1725, Martin Pegius ya rubuta a cikin littafinsa ''Fleischerbunde in Belgien'' ( ''Karen Mahauta a Belgium'' ) cewa ana amfani da karnuka wajen jawo karusa zuwa da dawowa daga kasuwa, sau da yawa ba tare da rakiyar ɗan adam ba. : 15  Zane-zanen ya ci gaba har zuwa farkon karni na 19 a matsayin hanyar sufuri mai amfani, musamman a yankunan karkara. Sun yi ayyuka daban-daban, ciki har da jigilar kayayyaki, taimakawa wajen ayyukan noma, har ma da ɗaukar fasinjoji. A farkon [[Zamanin Victorian|Birtaniya ta Victoria]], ana danganta keken kare da masu yin burodi, kuma idan aka yi amfani da wurin da aka keɓe wa masu tafiya a ƙasa, ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin abin damuwa. A shekarar 1839, Dokar 'Yan Sandan Metropolitan ta gabatar da haramcin amfani da su a cikin nisan mil 15 daga Charing Cross, inda ta ambaci damuwa game da jin dadin dabbobi da kuma lafiyar jama'a. An yi imanin cewa karnukan da ke aiki fiye da kima sun fi fuskantar barazanar kamuwa da [[Rabies|cutar rabies]], kuma raguwar da aka samu a rahotannin da suka biyo baya bayan shekarar 1841 ta nuna goyon bayan wannan ra'ayi. A wannan shekarar, an kafa dokar hana kekunan da ake jan karnuka a duk fadin kasar Burtaniya. <ref name="Koszary">{{Cite web |last=Koszary |first=Adam |date=2014-10-14 |title=Dog Carts: Travel in style |url=https://merl.reading.ac.uk/blog/2014/10/dog-carts-travel-in-style/ |access-date=2025-04-19 |website=The Museum of English Rural Life |language=en-GB}}</ref> {{Blockquote|LVI – Dog Carts, &c. prohibited after 1st January 1840.<br/> :And be it enacted, That after the First Day of January next every Person who within the Metropolitan Police District shall use any Dog for the Purpose of drawing or helping to draw any Cart, Carriage, Truck, or Barrow shall be liable to a Penalty not more than Forty Shillings for the First Offence, and not more than Five Pounds for the Second or any following Offence.}} Dokar ba ta kasance ba tare da adawa ba. Masu suka, musamman ƙananan 'yan kasuwa waɗanda suka dogara da keken kare a matsayin hanyar jigilar kaya mai araha, sun bayyana damuwa game da tasirin tattalin arziki na haramcin. Wasu ma sun yi ba'a ga kudirin a matsayin abin da ba shi da muhimmanci, suna nuna cewa idan an hana karnuka jan karusa, to ya kamata a haramta dawakan Shetland a ƙarƙashin irin wannan dabarar. <ref name="Koszary" /> === ƙarni na 20 === [[File:Belgian_dogs_trained_to_draw_quick-firing_guns.JPG|thumb| Karnukan soja suna jan bindigogi]] A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]], wasu rundunonin sojoji sun yi amfani da kekunan kare don jigilar kayayyaki da kayan aiki. Misali, Sojojin Belgium sun yi amfani da manyan karnuka masu ƙarfi don jan karusai dauke da bindigogin inji da harsasai, inda suka ga sun fi araha kuma suna da sauƙin sarrafawa fiye da dawakai a wasu wurare. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dogs in WWI |url=https://www.theworldwar.org/learn/about-wwi/dogs-wwi#:~:text=Dogs%20played%20an%20important%20military,under%20a%20hail%20of%20fire. |access-date=2025-04-19 |website=National WWI Museum and Memorial |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="messybeast4" /> Amfani da keken kare ya fara raguwa a farkon karni na 20 saboda ci gaban da aka samu a motocin da ke amfani da babura da kuma damuwa kan jin dadin dabbobi. Misali, a Birtaniya, an haramta wannan dabi'a a farkon shekarun 1900, wanda ya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga karnukan aiki da yawa waɗanda aka yi watsi da su ko kuma aka kashe su lokacin da ba za su iya ci gaba da aiwatar da manufarsu ba. <ref name="messybeast4">{{Cite web |title=Dogcarts |url=http://messybeast.com/history/dogcarts.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190313035239/http://messybeast.com/history/dogcarts.htm |archive-date=13 March 2019 |access-date=11 May 2019 |website=Dogcarts and Lioncarts}} Website contains many paintings of drafting dogs pulling dogcarts.</ref> Sojojin Soviet sun yi amfani da karnuka a [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]] don jan karusai dauke da gadon jarirai ga sojojin da suka ji rauni. == Aiki == A yau, aikin zana zane wani aiki ne na nishaɗi wanda ke ba karnuka damar yin aiki mai ma'ana, wanda zai iya zama mai gamsarwa a hankali da kuma a zahiri. {{Rp|10}}Ana iya yin zane-zanen a gasa, kuma zane-zanen wasanni ana kiransu da busasshen ƙasa, kuma ana yin su a duk faɗin duniya, sau da yawa don kiyaye karnukan sled na hunturu cikin gasa a lokacin hutun kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=More Sports for All Dogs: Drafting & Carting |url=https://www.akc.org/canine-partners/more-sports-for-all-dogs-drafting-carting-2/ |access-date=7 February 2019 |website=American Kennel Club}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2018 |title=Dog carting enthusiasts keen to pull in new fans - The Country - The Country News |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/the-country/news/article.cfm?c_id=16&objectid=12118981 |access-date=7 February 2019 |website=The New Zealand Herald |archive-date=9 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209123825/http://www2.nzherald.co.nz/the-country/news/article.cfm?c_id=16&objectid=12118981 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Falson |first=Sarah |date=30 June 2017 |title=Drafting dogs in suburbia |url=https://www.hawkesburygazette.com.au/story/4762858/drafting-dogs-in-suburbia/ |access-date=7 February 2019 |website=Hawkesbury Gazette |archive-date=9 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124204/https://www.hawkesburygazette.com.au/story/4762858/drafting-dogs-in-suburbia/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Yin wasa da kare, yin tsere a kan keke da kuma yin tsere a kan keke duk nau'ikan zane ne na zane. {{R|Lavigne}} === Kayan aiki === [[File:Dog_carting_by_beach.jpg|thumb| Keken kare na zamani mai ƙafafu biyu tare da maƙallin baya]] Ana kiran keken da karnuka ɗaya ko fiye ke ja ''da keken kare'' . Karen yana jan keken ne ta amfani da wani abin ɗaurewa na musamman da aka ƙera don rarraba nauyin. : 284  [[File:RPPC_Murray_Bay_Views_dog_cart_A.jpg|thumb| Karyar kare tana jan yara maza biyu a Murray Bay, Quebec, farkon ƙarni na 20]] Iri-iri na keken doki shine ''tukin mota mai sulky'', inda kare ko karnuka ke jan mutum a cikin abin hawa da ake kira sulky. Wannan wasan yana ba da damar motsa jiki da kuma horo ga nau'ikan halittu masu kuzari. Yawancin nau'ikan aiki suna da farin ciki idan aka ba su aiki ko aiki, kuma tukin keke/tukin da ba shi da daɗi na iya zama abin sha'awa mai kyau ga kare da mai shi. : 283  An ƙera ƙashin kare don kada ya yi nauyi ko kuma ya rasa nauyi a bayan kare. Samfurin da ake amfani da shi sosai shine makullin baya, wanda ya ƙunshi shaft ɗaya kawai daga sulky wanda ke da nauyin mara kyau (tsakiyar nauyin keken yana ɗan bayan ƙafafun) akan abin ɗaure kare. Makullin baya kuma yana ba wa kare damar yin tafiya cikin sauƙi, tare da kewayon motsi kyauta maimakon sandunan da aka ɗaure a kowane gefe. Wannan sau da yawa yana sauƙaƙa horo na farko ga mai sulke, domin babban sandar da aka yi amfani da ita ba ta tsoma baki ga motsin kare ba. Ana iya amfani da irin waɗannan igiyoyi ga karnuka don jawo mutum a cikin keken guragu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-18 |title=Wheelchair Mushing is More than a Free Ride |url=https://newmobility.com/wheelchair-mushing-is-more-than-a-free-ride/ |access-date=2026-02-22 |website=New Mobility |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wheelchair Musher Finds a Unique Way to Explore Northeast Ohio’s Trails |url=https://clevelandmagazine.com/articles/wheelchair-musher-finds-a-unique-way-to-explore-northeast-ohio-s-trails/ |access-date=2026-02-22 |website=clevelandmagazine.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana kiran wannan wasan " motsa jiki a kan keken guragu". Dogcart kuma sunan wani nau'in abin hawa ne da ake jan dawaki wanda a da yake ɗaukar karnuka zuwa farauta. {{R|smith}} {{R|Lavigne}} == Nau'o'in == [[File:Black_Russian_Terrier_carting.jpg|thumb| Baƙar fata ɗan Rashanci Terrier yana jan keken hawa na zamani, 2006]] Ana iya kiran kare da ake amfani da shi wajen tsara zane, kare mai zana zane, kare mai hawa keke, ko kare mai jan kaya. An yi kiwon karnuka da yawa don tsara su kuma suna ci gaba da yin fice kuma suna jin daɗin aikin saboda ƙarfinsu, ɗabi'ar aiki, da kuma halinsu, gami da karnukan Newfoundland, karnukan Bernese Mountain, karnukan Greater Swiss Mountain, Saint Bernards, da Leonbergers <ref name="Mansourian" /> da kuma Rottweiler, Bouvier des Flandres da kuma Mastiff na Belgium . {{Rp|9}} Karen Dutsen Greater Swiss babban karen aiki ne da mahauta, dillalan shanu, ma'aikatan hannu da manoma ke amfani da shi, waɗanda ke amfani da su a matsayin karnukan gadi, masu tuƙi da kuma karnukan da ke jawo mutane. Karen Dutsen Bernese babban kare ne mai aiki mai natsuwa wanda ya dace da jan keken hawa, kamar yadda suke yi a Switzerland. Kwanan nan an yi amfani da su wajen jan kekunan hawa don bai wa yara hawa, ko kuma don bayyana a faretin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Young-Knox |first=Sara |date=2 December 2012 |title=Conway celebrates with jolly holiday parade |url=http://www.unionleader.com/article/20121203/NEWHAMPSHIRE02/121209823/1015/news13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226103516/http://www.unionleader.com/article/20121203/NEWHAMPSHIRE02/121209823/1015/news13 |archive-date=2013-12-26 |access-date=10 December 2012 |publisher=The Union Leader}}</ref> Duk da cewa yawancin nau'ikan karnuka suna da tarihin tsara zane, duk wani kare mai lafiya mai halin kirki za a iya amfani da shi matuƙar keken ko keken yana cikin ikonsu. : 285 <ref name=":0" /> == A cikin al'ada == Ana yawan nuna kekunan da aka zana da kare a cikin adabi da fasaha. Mai zane-zanen Holland-Belgium Henriëtte Ronner-Knip (1821–1909) ya zana hotuna da yawa a cikin salon [[Romanticism|soyayya]] na zana karnuka suna jan kekunan kare. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Henriette Ronner-Knip - Artworks |url=https://www.the-athenaeum.org/art/list.php?m=a&s=tu&aid=1871 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171124110232/http://www.the-athenaeum.org/art/list.php?m=a&s=tu&aid=1871 |archive-date=24 November 2017 |access-date=11 May 2019 |publisher=The Athenaeum}}</ref> An yi amfani da karnukan sled don jan kayan aiki da maza cikin sauƙi a kan dusar ƙanƙara da kankara a lokacin balaguron [[Roald Amundsen]] na 1911 zuwa Kudancin Pole . <gallery mode="packed" heights="160px" class="center"> File:Ronner_Knip_Henriette_The_Dog_Cart.jpg|alt=The Dog Cart, oil on canvas, Henriëtte Ronner-Knip| ''Cart ɗin Kare'', mai akan zane, Henriëtte Ronner-Knip File:Henriette_Ronner_Kurze_Rast.jpg|alt=A Short Rest, oil on wood Henriëtte Ronner-Knip| ''Wani ɗan gajeren hutu'', mai akan itace Henriëtte Ronner-Knip File:Aan_de_Zuidpool_-_p1913-164-1.jpg|alt=To the South Pole: photograph of sled dogs on Amundsen's South Pole expedition, 1911| ''Zuwa ga Kudancin Ƙasa'' : hoton karnukan da aka yi wa sled a lokacin balaguron Amundsen na Kudancin Ƙasa, 1911 </gallery> == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] m5tatwfja85v51dc77c73fqkc3396w0 0 171850 961642 953224 2026-10-02T01:48:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elena Andreyevna Rybakina''' (an haife shi 17 Yuni 1999) ƙwararriyar ɗan wasan tennis ce ɗan ƙasar Kazakhstan. A halin yanzu tana matsayi na ɗaya a duniya a gasar tsere marasa aure ta ƙungiyar mata ta Tennis (WTA). Rybakina ta lashe kofuna 14 na matakin WTA Tour, ciki har da manyan gasa uku, kofuna biyu na WTA 1000, da kuma gasar WTA ta 2025 . Ita ce 'yar wasan Kazakhstan ta farko da ta lashe gasar manyan gasa, kuma ta kasance lamba 1 a duniya kuma tana cikin manyan 'yan wasa 10 a duniya. Rybakina, tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya na 3, ya fara wakiltar Rasha kafin ya sauya sheƙa zuwa Kazakhstan a shekarar 2018. Ta yi fice a shekarar 2020 lokacin da ta buga wasanni biyar na ƙarshe a zagayen ƙarshe, mafi yawan 'yan wasa a wannan shekarar. Rybakina ta lashe babban kambunta na farko a Gasar Wimbledon ta 2022 kuma ta zo ta biyu a Gasar Australian Open ta 2023, wacce ta fara shiga cikin manyan 10 a cikin jerin WTA . A shekarar 2025, ta lashe gasar WTA Finals, sannan ta lashe gasar Australian Open da US Open a shekarar 2026, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama 'yar wasa ta 1 a duniya a karon farko. An san Rybakina da kyakkyawan hidima da iyawarta ta samar da bugun ƙasa mai ƙarfi, kuma tana wasa ne tun daga tushe. An san ta da natsuwar da take nunawa a filin wasa, kuma sau da yawa ana kiranta da laƙabi "Sarauniyar Kankara". <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-31 |title=Rybakina: 'Entendo por que me chamam de Rainha de Gelo' |url=https://www.tenisnews.com.br/rybakina-entendo-por-que-me-chamam-de-rainha-de-gelo/ |access-date=2026-04-11 |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Rayuwar Farko da Tarihi == An haifi Elena Rybakina a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1999 a Moscow ga Andrey Rybakin da Ekaterina. Mahaifinta asalinsa ɗan asalin Almaty ne a Kazakhstan kuma yana aiki a matsayin furodusa a tashar talabijin ta NTV Plus . <ref name="Father Kazakhstan">{{Cite web |date=10 July 2022 |title=Победа Рыбакиной – победа Казахстана. Кто такие натурализованные спортсмены |url=https://informburo.kz/stati/pobeda-rybakinoi-pobeda-kazaxstana-kto-takie-naturalizovannye-sportsmeny |website=informburo.kz |language=Russian}}</ref> Ta fara yin wasanni tare da babbar 'yar uwarta, Anna, tun tana ƙarama, da farko ta fi mai da hankali kan motsa jiki da kuma wasan tsere kan kankara . <ref name="get-to-know">{{Cite web |last=Nguyen |first=Courtney |date=22 January 2020 |title=Getting to Know: Elena Rybakina's rocket rise |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1584000/getting-to-know-elena-rybakina-s-rocket-rise |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222173244/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1584000/getting-to-know-elena-rybakina-s-rocket-rise |archive-date=22 February 2020 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2020 |title=Elena Rybakina: I felt confident after winning the first set |url=http://lt.formulatx.com/en/blog/2020/02/14/elena-rybakina-uverennost-poyavilas-s-vyigryshem-pervogo-seta/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625040000/https://lt.formulatx.com/en/blog/2020/02/14/elena-rybakina-uverennost-poyavilas-s-vyigryshem-pervogo-seta/ |archive-date=25 June 2022 |access-date=27 September 2020 |website=Formula TX St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy}}</ref> Da aka gaya mata cewa ta yi tsayi da yawa don ta zama ƙwararriya a ɗayan waɗannan wasannin, mahaifinta ya ba ta shawarar ta koma wasan tennis saboda sha'awarsa ga wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rabiner |first=Igor |date=18 August 2022 |title="Just six months ago, Lena wanted to quit tennis." An interview with the father of Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina. |url=https://www.sport-express.ru/tennis/wta/reviews/tennis-andrey-rybakin-otec-chempionki-uimbldona-eleny-rybakinoy-o-vystuplenii-za-kazahstan-i-rossii-kontrakte-ftr-i-ssha-1962750/ |access-date=2 January 2026 |website=Sport Express Russia}}</ref> Rybakina ta fara wasan tennis tun tana da shekaru shida. <ref name="get-to-know" /> Rybakina ta ƙaura daga Dynamo Sports Club zuwa Spartak Tennis Club, inda ta sami ƙwararrun masu horarwa da dama. Ta yi atisaye tare da tsohuwar 'yar wasa ta 10 mafi kyau Andrey Chesnokov da tsohuwar 'yar wasa ta 100 mafi kyau Evgenia Kulikovskaya . Ɗaya daga cikin masu horar da ita a fannin motsa jiki ita ce Irina Kiseleva, wadda ta lashe lambar zinare a gasar cin kofin duniya a gasar pentathlon ta zamani . <ref name="ubi">{{Cite web |date=11 March 2020 |title=Elena Rybakina Is Really Special |url=https://www.ubitennis.net/2020/03/elena-rybakina-really-special/ |access-date=27 September 2020 |website=Ubi Tennis}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2017 |title=Поколение Next. Елена Рыбакина |trans-title=Next Generation: Elena Rybakina |url=http://tennis-stars.ru/worldnews/pokolenie-next-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712172830/http://tennis-stars.ru/worldnews/pokolenie-next-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=12 July 2022 |access-date=27 September 2020 |website=Tennis Stars |language=ru}}</ref> <ref name="spartak">{{Cite web |last=Fagan |first=Kate |date=9 January 2013 |title=From Russia, With Topspin |url=https://www.espn.com/espnw/news-commentary/story/_/id/8827683/espnw-russia-topspin |access-date=27 September 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref> Rybakina bai yi horo na musamman a matsayinsa na ƙarami ba, maimakon haka yana yin atisaye a cikin ƙungiyar 'yan wasa kusan takwas har zuwa shekaru 15 da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa huɗu har zuwa shekaru 18. Ta kuma yi wasan tennis na tsawon awanni biyu kacal a rana kuma ta yi horo kan motsa jiki na tsawon awanni uku a rana. Lokacinta na wasan tennis ya ɗan yi ƙasa kaɗan saboda ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta yau da kullun ba ta ƙware ga 'yan wasa ba kuma tana buƙatar daidaita wasan tennis da aikin makaranta. <ref name="school">{{Cite web |last=Cox |first=David |date=22 January 2020 |title=Elena Rybakina: Getting to know the 'anonymous' yet in-form No.29 seed |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/elena-rybakina-getting-know-anonymous-yet-form-no29-seed |access-date=27 September 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> == Matasa == [[File:Osuigwe_and_Rybakina_shake_hands.png|left|thumb| Rybakina (dama) da Whitney Osuigwe a gasar masters ta ITF ta 2017]] Rybakina tsohuwar 'yar shekara 3 ce a duniya. <ref name="itf-juniors">{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina Junior Singles Overview |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/elena-rybakina/800365863/kaz/jt/s/overview/ |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Ta fara buga wasa a ITF Junior Circuit a watan Nuwamba na 2013 tana da shekaru 14. A watan Maris mai zuwa, ta lashe kambunta na farko a gasarta ta biyu ta aiki, wato Gasar Cin Kofin Almetievsk ta Grade-3. Ta buga gasarta ta farko a aji na 2 a watan Yuni a gasar Ozerov Cup da ke Moscow, inda ta kare a matsayi na biyu bayan da 'yar kasarta Anna Blinkova ta zo ta biyu. Ta fara buga wasannin Grade-1 tun daga farkon shekarar 2015, amma ba ta samu nasara ba har sai da ta kai wasan karshe a gasar cin kofin matasa ta Belgium a watan Mayu, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Katharina Hobgarski . Rybakina ta fara gasar farko ta ƙaramin rukuni a gasar US Open daga baya a shekarar, inda ta kai zagaye na uku. Bayan rashin nasara a zagaye na farko a gasar Australian Open ta 2016, ta lashe kambun Grade-1 a jere. Ta ci gaba da gwagwarmaya a gasar Grand Slam ta ƙarama da sauran gasannin Grade-A a cikin waƙoƙin marasa aure har tsawon sauran shekara. <ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/elena-rybakina/800365863/kaz/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Mafi kyawun sakamakonta na 2016 a gasar Grade A-events ya zo ne da maki biyu a jere lokacin da ta zo ta biyu a gasar ga Olesya Pervushina da Anastasia Potapova a gasar Trofeo Bonfiglio, tare da Amina Anshba a wasan karshe na dukkan 'yan wasan Rasha. <ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/elena-rybakina/800365863/kaz/jt/d/activity/ |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Kakar wasa ta 2017 ita ce shekarar ƙarshe ta Rybakina a gasar matasa. A tsakiyar kakar wasa, ta lashe kambunta na farko kuma na Grade-A a Trofeo Bonfiglio, inda ta doke Iga Świątek a wasan karshe. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2017 |title=Popyrin e Rybakina vincono il Trofeo Bonfiglio 2017 |trans-title=Popyrin and Rybakina win the Bonfiglio Trophy 2017 |url=https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Spazio Tennis |language=it}}</ref> Ta kuma yi fice a gasar Grand Slam idan aka kwatanta da shekarun baya, inda ta sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe na gasar Australian Open da kuma gasar French Open a hannun Marta Kostyuk da Whitney Osuigwe, bi da bi. Ta kammala aikinta na ƙaramar yarinya a gasar ITF Junior Masters ta farko, wacce ta yi nasara a gasar WTA Finals . Ta lashe wasa ɗaya a rukuninta na zagaye-robin kuma ta kare a matsayi na bakwai. <ref name="itf-junior-singles" /> == Ƙwararre == === 2014–18: Lakabin ITF na farko, canjin ƙungiyar === Rybakina ta fara wasa a gasar mata ta ITF a watan Disamba na 2014, tana da shekaru goma sha biyar. Yayin da take ci gaba da wasa a matakin 'yan wasa na Junior, ta kai zagayen ƙarshe na ITF sau uku a cikin 'yan wasa ɗaya ɗaya da kuma biyu a cikin 'yan wasa biyu, inda ta lashe duka wasannin ƙarshe na 'yan wasa biyu kawai a shekarar 2017. <ref name="itf-singles">{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/elena-rybakina/800365863/kaz/wt/s/activity/ |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> <ref name="itf-doubles">{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina Women's Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/elena-rybakina/800365863/kaz/wt/d/activity/ |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Ta kuma fara gasar WTA Tour a watan Oktoban 2017 a gasar Kremlin Cup, inda ta kai ga babban zagayen neman cancantar shiga gasar amma ta sha kashi a zagayen farko a hannun Irina-Camelia Begu . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2017 |title=Rybakina Falls Over 3-set Match |url=https://kremlincup.ru/en/news/205/ |access-date=13 April 2018 |website=Kremlin Cup}}</ref> A gasar WTA ta gaba a watan Fabrairun 2018, Rybakina ta lashe gasar WTA Tour ta farko a St. Petersburg Trophy da Timea Bacsinszky . Daga nan ta yi wa Caroline Garcia mai lamba 7 a duniya fintinkau a seti uku, bayan ta ceci [[Tennis|maki daya]] a seti na biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2018 |title=Teen Rybakina stuns Garcia for spot in St. Petersburg QF |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/teen-rybakina-stuns-garcia-spot-st-petersburg-qf |access-date=13 April 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Rashin nasara a zagaye na gaba, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2018 |title=Goerges rolls past Rybakina to reach St. Petersburg semifinals |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/goerges-rolls-past-rybakina-reach-st-petersburg-semifinals |access-date=13 April 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> wannan fitowar kwata-kwata ta taimaka mata ta tashi daga lamba 450 zuwa lamba 268 a duniya. <ref name="wta-rankings">{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/324166/elena-rybakina/rankings-history |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> A watan Maris, Rybakina ta lashe kambun farko na ITF na waƙoƙin da ba su da yawa a gasar da aka yi a Kazan, <ref name="itf-singles" /> inda ta kuma lashe kambun waƙoƙin da ba su da yawa. <ref name="itf-doubles" /> Babban tsallen da ta yi a matsayi na gaba ya zo ne a watan Afrilu lokacin da ta zo na biyu a gasar cin kofin Lale na dala dubu 60 da aka yi a Istanbul, wanda hakan ya kawo ta matsayi na 215. Ta shiga cikin jerin mutane 200 mafiya hazaka a karon farko a ƙarshen watan Mayu. <ref name="wta-rankings" /> Iyalan Rybakin sun fara nuna rashin jin daɗi game da Hukumar Wasan Tennis ta Rasha saboda rashin tallafin kuɗi ga aikin Rybakina da kuma wasu abubuwan da suka faru da suka shafi ƙungiyar. <ref name="2016 US Open">{{Cite web |last=Rabiner |first=Igor |date=18 August 2022 |title=«Всего полгода назад Лена хотела бросить теннис». Интервью отца чемпионки Уимблдона Елены Рыбакиной |url=https://www.sport-express.net/tennis/wta/reviews/tennis-andrey-rybakin-otec-chempionki-uimbldona-eleny-rybakinoy-o-vystuplenii-za-kazahstan-i-rossii-kontrakte-ftr-i-ssha-1962750/ |website=sport-express.net |language=Russian}}</ref> A gasar 'yan mata ta matasa ta US Open ta 2016, Rybakina ta suma saboda ƙarancin sinadarin haemoglobin kuma an tilasta mata yin ritaya daga wasanta na zagaye na farko. <ref name="2016 US Open" /> An ruwaito cewa RTF ba ta taimaka wa Rybakina ba duk da kasancewarta a wurin taron, wanda hakan ya sa iyalan Rybakina suka yanke shawarar cewa ba za ta sake yin tafiya zuwa gasa ba tare da iyaye ba. <ref name="2016 US Open" /> Ganin cewa iyalan ba za su iya yin tafiya tare da ita ba a duk lokacin da take makaranta, sai suka yanke shawarar mayar da hankali kan buga wasan tennis na kwaleji a Amurka ko Kanada. <ref name="2016 US Open" /> A watan Mayun 2018, bayan ya cika shekaru 19 da haihuwa, Rybakina ta sami takardar zama ɗan ƙasar Kazakhstan kuma ta sauya sheƙa daga Rasha zuwa Kazakhstan. Hukumar Tennis ta Kazakhstan ta ba ta tallafin kuɗi don sauya ƙasarta, wanda ta zaɓa maimakon zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban na buga wasan tennis na kwaleji da kuma dakatar da aikinta na ƙwararru. <ref name="get-to-know" /> <ref name="switch">{{Cite web |last=Ilic |first=Jovica |date=21 June 2018 |title=Former Russian junior No. 3 changes her nationality to represent Kazakhstan |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/WTA_Tennis/56657/former-russian-junior-no-3-changes-her-nationality-to-represent-kazakhstan/ |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Mahaifin Rybakina ya tuntubi Hukumar Tennis ta Kazakhstan game da sauya shekar Rybakina zuwa ƙasar waje, domin asalinsa ɗan ƙasar Kazakhstan ne. <ref name="Father Kazakhstan" /> Rybakina, wacce ke wasa a Kazakhstan, ta shiga zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar Grand Slam a gasar US Open ta 2018, amma ba ta kai ga babban jadawalin ba. <ref name="itf-singles" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nitkin |first=Pavel |date=7 June 2021 |title=Елена Рыбакина вынесла Серену на РГ. Она родилась в Москве, но играет за Казахстан – это путь многих талантов, потому что в России нет денег |trans-title=Elena Rybakina rendered Serena at RG. She was born in Moscow but plays for Kazakhstan, this is a path of many talents because there is no money in Russia |url=https://www.sports.ru/tribuna/blogs/nitkina/2929665.html |access-date=21 June 2021 |website=sports.ru |language=ru}}</ref> === 2019: Gasar WTA 250, manyan 50 === [[File:Rybakina_RG19_(4)_(48199109407).jpg|left|thumb| Rybakina a gasar French Open ta 2019]] Bayan ya buga wasannin ITF a rabin farko na shekarar 2019, Rybakina ya fara buga wasa musamman a gasar WTA Tour a rabin na biyu na kakar wasa. A cikin watannin farko na shekara, ta lashe kambun ITF guda uku, ciki har da dala $60,000 na Launceston International . Ta fara buga gasar Grand Slam a gasar French Open a matsayin wacce ta yi nasara, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Kateřina Siniaková . A gasar WTA ta farko a kan ciyawa, Rybakina ta shiga zagayen kusa da na karshe na gasar Rosmalen Grass Court Championships . Duk da wannan nasarar, ta sha kashi a gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar Wimbledon . <ref name="wta-matches">{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/324166/elena-rybakina/matches |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nasarar Rybakina ta zo ne a watan Yuli lokacin da ta lashe kambun WTA Tour na farko a Bucharest Open, wata guda bayan ta cika shekaru 20 da haihuwa. A lokacin taron, ta doke Viktória Kužmová wadda ta zo ta biyu a gasar kafin ta doke Patricia Maria Țig a wasan ƙarshe. <ref name="wta-matches" /> <ref name="first-title">{{Cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=21 July 2019 |title=Rybakina rides to maiden title in Bucharest with Tig victory |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1446676/rybakina-rides-to-maiden-title-in-bucharest-with-tig-victory |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Da wannan kambun, ta shiga sahun farko na 100 a jerin WTA a matsayi na 65. <ref name="wta-rankings" /> Rybakina ta cancanci shiga wasanta na biyu na babban gasar Grand Slam ta shekara a gasar US Open, amma ta sake shan kashi a zagaye na farko. <ref name="wta-matches" /> A gasarta ta gaba, ta shiga gasar WTA Tour ta biyu ta shekara a gasar bude ido ta Jiangxi International Open, inda ta zo ta biyu a gasar bayan Rebecca Peterson . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=15 September 2019 |title=Peterson rolls past Rybakina to maiden title in Nanchang |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1445306/peterson-rolls-past-rybakina-to-maiden-title-in-nanchang |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Wannan sakamakon ya sanya ta shiga cikin manyan 50 a karon farko. <ref name="wta-rankings" /> Rybakina ta kammala shekarar da ƙarfi, inda ta kai aƙalla zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe a wasanni uku na ƙarshe na kakar wasa. Musamman ma, ta kai zagayen kwata-kwata a gasar Wuhan Open, gasar Premier-5 ta farko a tarihinta. A gasar, ta doke [[Simona Halep]], 'yar wasa ta duniya ta 6, wacce ta yi ritaya a farkon zagayen farko sakamakon raunin da ta samu a bayanta. Ta sha kashi a zagaye na gaba a hannun [[Sabalenka|Aryna Sabalenka]], wacce ta lashe gasar kuma ta 14 a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2019 |title='I didn't want to win the match like this' – Rybakina advances to Wuhan quarterfinals after Halep retires |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1485875/i-didnt-want-to-win-the-match-like-this-rybakina-advances-to-wuhan-quarterfinals-after-halep-retires |access-date=25 September 2002 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Sabalenka returns to Wuhan SF: 'My game is getting better and better with every day' |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1485849/sabalenka-returns-to-wuhan-sf-my-game-is-getting-better-and-better-with-every-day- |access-date=25 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Rybakina ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 37 a duniya. <ref name="wta-rankings" /> === 2020: Gasar WTA 250, manyan 20 === Rybakina ya jagoranci gasar WTA Tour a wasan ƙarshe a kakar wasa ta 2020, kuma ya kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar cin nasara a wasanni. <ref name="2020-stats">{{Cite web |date=26 September 2020 |title=WTA Match Stats 2020 |url=http://wtafiles.wtatennis.com/pdf/rankings/WTAMatchStats.pdf |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> <ref name="2020-summary">{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=5 December 2020 |title=Who were the Top 5 match win leaders on the ATP and WTA in 2020? |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/12/top-5-match-win-leaders-atp-wta-tours-2020-djokovic-rublev-mertens-sabalenka-rybakina/92031/ |access-date=30 December 2020 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Ta kai wasan karshe a wasanni hudu daga cikin biyar na farko da ta fafata. Kafin [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|annobar COVID-19]] ta kai ga dakatar da gasar WTA Tour na tsawon fiye da watanni biyar, ta kai wasan ƙarshe a kowace gasa banda gasar Australian Open da kuma gasar Qatar Ladies Open, inda ta sha kashi a hannun [[Ashleigh Barty]], wacce take lamba 1 a duniya, a duka lokutan biyu, ta kuma yi tafiya a ƙasa sakamakon raunin da 'yan fashi suka samu a ƙafarta. <ref name="barty-loss-1" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=25 February 2020 |title=Rybakina, Bencic secure titanic Doha victories |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1624877/rybakina-bencic-secure-titanic-doha-victories |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Kafin gasar Australian Open, ta buga wasannin karshe guda biyu a gasar International Events. Bayan ta sha kashi a wasan karshe na farko na shekara a hannun Ekaterina Alexandrova a gasar Shenzhen Open, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bairner |first=Robin |date=11 January 2020 |title=Alexandrova downs Rybakina in Shenzhen for maiden title: The first one is always special |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1566002/alexandrova-downs-rybakina-in-shenzhen-for-maiden-title-the-first-one-is-always-special |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> ta doke Zhang Shuai don lashe gasar WTA ta biyu a Hobart International . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=18 January 2020 |title=Rybakina romps to second career title in Hobart |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1574513/rybakina-romps-to-second-career-title-in-hobart |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> A Melbourne, ta yi nasarar lashe wasanni biyu na farko na Grand Slam a babban wasan da aka yi da Bernarda Pera da Greet Minnen . <ref name="barty-loss-1">{{Cite web |last=Livaudais |first=Stephanie |date=24 January 2020 |title=Barty races past Rybakina to reach fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1587424/barty-races-past-rybakina-to-reach-fourth-round-in-melbourne |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Bayan gasar, ta kai zagayen ƙarshe na gasar Premier biyu a gasar St. Petersburg Trophy da kuma gasar Dubai Championships, inda ta zo ta biyu a jerin 'yan wasa Kiki Bertens ta 8 da kuma Simona Halep ta 2. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=22 February 2020 |title=Halep fights past Rybakina in Dubai for 20th career title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1618866/halep-fights-past-rybakina-in-dubai-for-20th-career-title |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Musamman a Dubai, Rybakina ta doke manyan 'yan wasa biyu a cikin manyan 'yan wasa goma a lamba ta 7 [[Sofia Kenin]] da kuma Karolína Plíšková mai lamba ta 3, wacce ta zo ta biyu a matsayi mafi girma da ta kayar da ita zuwa yanzu. <ref name="kenin">{{Cite web |date=18 February 2020 |title=Rybakina rallies past Kenin in Dubai debut |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1614666/rybakina-rallies-past-kenin-in-dubai-debut |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=20 February 2020 |title=Rybakina rockets to career-best win over Pliskova in Dubai quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1616194/rybakina-rockets-to-career-best-win-over-pliskova-in-dubai-quarters |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Waɗannan wasannin ƙarshe guda huɗu sun taimaka mata ta hau matsayi na 17 a duniya a lokacin da aka dakatar da gasar. <ref name="wta-rankings" /> Ta kuma zama 'yar wasan Kazakhstan ta farko a cikin manyan 'yan wasa 20 a tarihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2020 |title=20-летняя казахстанка вошла в топ-10 восходящих звезд мирового тенниса |trans-title=20-year-old Kazakhstani entered the top 10 rising stars of world tennis |url=https://vesti.kz/wta/280597/ |access-date=27 September 2020 |website=Vesti |language=ru}}</ref> A lokacin da aka rufe makarantar, Rybakina ya zauna a Moscow kuma bai sami damar yin atisaye ba tsawon watanni biyu da rabi. Daga ƙarshe ta ci gaba da horo a [[Bratislava]], Slovakia na tsawon makonni biyar. <ref name="pandemic-interview">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=31 August 2020 |title=Exclusive interview with Elena Rybakina: The main goal is to be No 1 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/our-features/interviews-our-features/tennis-majors-exclusive-interview-with-elena-rybakina-282953.html |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Tennis Majors}}</ref> Lokacin da aka sake komawa yawon shakatawa a New York a watan Agusta, ta sha kashi a hannun Alexandrova kuma ta yi nasara a wasa ɗaya kacal a gasar US Open . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=22 August 2020 |title=Alexandrova outserves Rybakina in Cincinnati opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1762782/alexandrova-outserves-rybakina-in-cincinnati-opener |access-date=25 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=di Costanzo |first=Diane |date=2 September 2020 |title=Shelby Rogers upsets Elena Rybakina at the 2020 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-09-02/shelby_rogers_upsets_elena_rybakina_at_the_2020_us_open.html |access-date=25 September 2020 |website=US Open}}</ref> A Turai, ta doke Alexandrova a gasar Italian Open a karo na uku da ta samu a shekarar, kafin ta rasa damar da ta samu ta lashe wasan a zagaye na uku da ta sha kashi a hannun 'yar ƙasarta Yulia Putintseva . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=18 September 2020 |title=Putintseva pulls off remarkable Rybakina escape in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1834128/putintseva-pulls-off-remarkable-rybakina-escape-in-rome |access-date=25 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> A gasar Internationaux de Strasbourg, Rybakina ta kai wasan karshe na biyar a shekarar kuma na farko tun bayan dawowar gasar, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Elina Svitolina mai lamba 5. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bairner |first=Robin |date=26 September 2020 |title=Svitolina seals Strasbourg title after Rybakina victory |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1842090/svitolina-seals-strasbourg-title-after-rybakina-victory |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Duk da haka, sai ta sha kashi a hannun Fiona Ferro a zagaye na biyu a gasar French Open . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Livaudais |first=Stephanie |date=1 October 2020 |title=France's Ferro upsets Rybakina at Roland Garros |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1850001/france-s-ferro-upsets-rybakina-at-roland-garros |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2021: Wasan kusa da na karshe na French Open, Olympics ta zo ta huɗu === [[File:Rybakina_RG21_(50)_(51375295797).jpg|thumb| Rybakina a gasar French Open ta 2021]] Rybakina ta fara kakar wasa a Abu Dhabi inda ta sha kashi a hannun [[Sabalenka|Aryna Sabalenka]] wacce ta lashe gasar a zagayen kwata-kwata. <ref>{{Cite web |last=VAVEL.com |date=2022-06-08 |title=WTA Abu Dhabi: Aryna Sabalenka fights past Elena Rybakina to reach semifinals |url=https://www.vavel.com/en-us/tennis-usa/2021/01/11/1054782-wta-abu-dhabi-aryna-sabalenka-fights-past-elena-rybakina-to-reach-semifinals.html |access-date=2026-08-29 |website=VAVEL |language=en-us}}</ref> Daga nan ta sha kashi a hannun Fiona Ferro a zagaye na biyu na gasar Australian Open . Bayan wani lokaci mai tsawo na shekarar inda ta faɗi daga cikin manyan 'yan wasa 20, ta lashe wasanni biyu a jere a karon farko tun bayan Abu Dhabi don isa zagaye na uku na gasar French Open . Daga nan ta doke Elena Vesnina da [[Serena Williams]] don kaiwa zagayen farko na babban zagayen kwata na ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina relishes prospect of facing Serena |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rybakina-relishes-prospect-of-facing-williams-rg2021-r4 |access-date=29 August 2026 |publisher=Roland Garros}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2021 |title=French Open 2021: Serena Williams upset in the fourth round by 21-year-old Elena Rybakina |url=https://www.cbssports.com/tennis/news/french-open-2021-serena-williams-upset-in-the-fourth-round-by-21-year-old-elena-rybakina/}}</ref> A wannan gasar, ta kuma kai zagayen kwata-kwata a zagayen biyu, tare da Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova ; amma ba zato ba tsammani, Pavlyuchenkova ita ce abokiyar hamayyarta da ta kayar da ita a zagayen kwata-kwata na gasar French Open ta 2021. Rybakina ta yi nasarar farko a kan manyan 'yan wasa 10 a gasar Eastbourne International, inda ta doke Elina Svitolina 'yar wasa ta biyu a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina stuns Svitolina in Eastbourne; Ostapenko, Sevastova score comeback wins |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2177537/rybakina-stuns-svitolina-in-eastbourne-ostapenko-sevastova-move-on |access-date=29 August 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> Ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe na shekarar inda ta doke Anastasija Sevastova mai sa'a kafin ta fadi a hannun Jelena Ostapenko wacce ta lashe gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eastbourne International: Jelena Ostapenko beats Elena Rybakina to reach final |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/57616738 |access-date=29 August 2026 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> A karon farko da ta fara fitowa a gasar, Rybakina ta shiga zagaye na huɗu na gasar Wimbledon ba tare da ta faɗi ko da wasa ɗaya ba. A can ta sha kashi a hannun [[Sabalenka|Aryna Sabalenka]] mai lamba 2 a duniya a wani fafatawa mai tsauri da aka yi da seti uku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka into first Grand Slam quarterfinal |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2021-07-05/sabalenka_into_first_grand_slam_quarterfinal.html |access-date=2026-08-29 |website=www.wimbledon.com}}</ref> Ta dawo cikin jerin manyan 'yan wasa 20 a kakar wasa mai ƙarfi ta ciyayi. Rybakina ita ce ta 15 a gasar tennis ta Olympics, inda ta lashe wasanni uku na farko ba tare da ta sha kashi ba kafin a doke ta a wasan kusa da na karshe da Belinda Bencic. A wasan lashe lambar tagulla, an doke Rybakina a wasan da Elina Svitolina ta yi nasara a kansa. Ta sha kashi a zagaye na uku na gasar US Open ga [[Simona Halep]] wacce ta zo ta 12 a gasar. A ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 2021, ta fara shiga cikin manyan 'yan wasa 15, a matsayi na 14 a duniya, inda ta zama 'yar wasan Kazakhstan mafi matsayi a tarihi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kazakhstani top seed Rybakina in top-15 as WTA releases 2021 year-end rankings |url=https://qazinform.com/news/kazakhstani-top-seed-rybakina-in-top-15-as-wta-releases-2021-year-end-rankings_a3878512 |access-date=29 August 2026 |publisher=QAZINFORM}}</ref> === 2022: Zakaran Wimbledon === Rybakina ta fara kakar wasa ta 2022 a gasar Adelaide International 1, inda ta kai wasan karshe inda Ash Barty, wacce take lamba 1 a duniya, ta sha kashi a hannunta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Barty rolls past Rybakina to second Adelaide title; sweeps doubles with Sanders |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2443080/barty-rolls-past-rybakina-to-second-adelaide-title-sweeps-doubles-with-sanders}}</ref> Nasarar da ta samu a gasar Tennis ta Sydney Classic ta ci gaba da kayar da [[Emma Raducanu]], wacce ke rike da kambun US Open a zagaye na farko, kafin daga baya ta janye daga gasar saboda raunin da ta samu a cinyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kontaveit, Krejcikova, Badosa win in Sydney; injured Rybakina withdraws |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2445155/kontaveit-krejcikova-badosa-win-in-sydney-injured-rybakina-withdraws |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Ta kai matsayi mafi girma a matsayi na 12 a ranar 17 ga Janairun 2022. Sauran kakar wasanta ta farko da ta rage ba ta samu ci gaba sosai ba, inda ta yi ritaya a zagaye na biyu a gasar Australian Open, ta yi tafiya a gasar St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, da kuma rashin nasara a zagaye na farko a gasar Qatar Ladies Open . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tansey |first=Joe |title=Australian Open 2022 Results: Thursday Singles Bracket Winners, Scores, Stats |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2952621-australian-open-2022-results-thursday-singles-bracket-winners-scores-stats |access-date=2026-01-03 |website=bleacherreport.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-10 |title=Ostapenko blazes into St. Petersburg quarters; Begu upsets Kvitova |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2478837/begu-defeats-kvitova-in-st-petersburg-for-first-time-in-six-meetings-rybakina-withdraws |access-date=2026-01-03 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina vs. Cristian {{!}} Round of 64 Qatar TotalEnergies Open 2022 {{!}} WTA Official |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/tournaments/1003/doha/2022/scores/LS036 |access-date=2026-01-03 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Gasar "Sunshine Double" ( Miami da Indian Wells) ta samu ci gaba bayan ta buga wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar Indian Wells Open da Maria Sakkari da kuma wasan zagaye na uku da Jessica Pegula ta buga a gasar Miami Open . Lokacin gasarta ta ƙasa ya fara ne da rashin nasara a zagaye na biyu a hannun Anhelina Kalinina bayan an yi mata bankwana a zagaye na farko a Charleston . Bayan haka, ta wakilci Kazakhstan a matsayin fitaccen ɗan wasan ƙungiyar kuma ta lashe dukkan wasanninta na 'yan wasa guda biyu a wasan da suka yi da Jamus, inda ta samu gurbi a gasar ƙarshe daga baya a shekarar. Sauran kakar wasanta ta ƙasa ba ta samu nasara ba yayin da ta kasa shiga zagayen kwata-kwata a gasar Stuttgart Open, Madrid Open, Italian Open, da French Open . [[File:Elena_Rybakina_&_Venus_Rosewater_Dish_2022.jpg|left|thumb| Rybakina tare da Venus Rosewater Dish a Gasar Wimbledon ta 2022]] A kakar wasan filin wasa na Rybakina, a lokacin da yake jagorantar gasar Wimbledon, ya sha kashi a zagaye na biyu a hannun Shelby Rogers a gasar Rosmalen Open, sannan kuma ya yi bankwana a zagaye na farko, sannan kuma ya sha kashi a zagaye na biyu a hannun Lesia Tsurenko a gasar Eastbourne International . A gasar Wimbledon, ta kai zagayen ƙarshe na biyu na gasar Grand Slam, inda ta doke CoCo Vandeweghe, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kazakhstan's Elena Rybakina wins in Wimbledon first round |url=https://el.kz/en/kazakhstan-s_elena_rybakina_wins_in_wimbledon_first_round_43215/ |access-date=29 August 2026 |publisher=EL KZ}}</ref> [[Bianca Andreescu]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-30 |title=Andreescu ousted in Wimbledon second round |url=https://www.tenniscanada.com/news/andreescu-ousted-in-wimbledon-second-round/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630162108/https://www.tenniscanada.com/news/andreescu-ousted-in-wimbledon-second-round/ |archive-date=June 30, 2022 |access-date=2026-08-29 |website=Tennis Canada}}</ref>, [[Zheng Qinwen]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 November 2022 |title=Qinwen Zheng vs Elena Rybakina |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/matches/wta/wimbledon/qinwen-zheng-vs-elena-rybakina |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241110035800/https://www.tennismajors.com/matches/wta/wimbledon/qinwen-zheng-vs-elena-rybakina |archive-date=10 November 2024 |access-date=29 August 2026 |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> da Petra Martić . <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2022 |title=Rybakina powers past Martic into first Wimbledon quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2667150/rybakina-powers-past-martic-into-first-wimbledon-quarterfinal |access-date=2022-07-06 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Daga nan ta doke Ajla Tomljanović a wasanta na kwata-kwata don kaiwa ga babban wasan kusa da na karshe na farko, inda ta zama ɗan wasa na farko na Kazakhstanian (namiji ko mace) da ya kai wasan kusa da na karshe na Grand Slam. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-06 |title=Russia-born Rybakina steps up title charge into Wimbledon last four |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2022/jul/06/elena-rybakina-battles-past-tomljanovic-to-reach-first-grand-slam-semi-wimbledon |access-date=2022-07-08 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Elena Rybakina credits Kazakh Federation for helping her near Wimbledon pinnacle |url=https://www.tennis.com/baseline/articles/elena-rybakina-credits-kazakh-federation-for-helping-her-near-wimbledon-pinnacle |access-date=2022-07-08 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Daga nan ta doke Simona Halep a jere, don isa wasan karshe na farko, inda ta zama ƙaramar 'yar wasan ƙarshe ta Wimbledon tun Garbiñe Muguruza a 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 July 2022 |title=Rybakina tops Halep at Wimbledon, makes first Grand Slam final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2670694/rybakina-topples-halep-at-wimbledon-makes-first-grand-slam-final |access-date=2022-07-08 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Bayan ta faɗi a zagaye na farko, ta doke Ons Jabeur, wacce ta zo ta uku a jere a zagaye uku, don tabbatar da kambunta na farko a manyan gasa. <ref name="espnrybakinachampion">{{Cite web |last=Maine |first=D'Arcy |date=9 July 2022 |title=Wimbledon 2022: In a tournament of the unexpected, Elena Rybakina is a champion |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34216615/wimbledon-2022-tournament-unexpected-elena-rybakina-champion |access-date=9 July 2022 |website=ESPN}}</ref> Ta zama zakara mafi ƙarama a gasar mata tun bayan Petra Kvitová mai shekaru 21 a shekarar 2011. Ita ce kuma ta huɗu a cikin mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar Grand Slam, wadda ta girmi Iga Świątek, Bianca Andreescu da Emma Raducanu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2022 |title=Rybakina claims historic Wimbledon title with comeback win over Jabeur |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2672634/rybakina-claims-historic-wimbledon-title-with-comeback-win-over-jabeur}}</ref> Batun ƙasar Rasha da kuma wakilcin da Rybakina ta yi a ƙasashen duniya a baya ya zama batun tattaunawa a bainar jama'a bayan nasarar da ta samu a gasar Wimbledon ta 2022, inda Wimbledon ta haramta wa 'yan wasa wakiltar Rasha da Belarus shiga gasar saboda [[Mamayewar Rasha a Ukraine na 2022|mamayar da Rasha ta yi wa Ukraine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2022 |title=Elena Rybakina becomes one of Wimbledon's biggest surprise women's champions |url=https://olympics.nbcsports.com/2022/07/09/elena-rybakina-wimbledon-ons-jabeur-russia-kazakhstan/ |access-date=6 January 2023 |publisher=NBC Sports}}</ref> Kafofin watsa labaran gwamnatin Rasha sun yi murnar nasarar Rybakina a matsayin nasarar ƙasa duk da cewa ta daɗe tana yanke shawarar kin wakiltar ƙasar da aka haife ta. Gasar cin kofin Arewacin Amurka ta fara ne da rashin nasara a farkon wasan Silicon Valley Classic (zagaye na farko) da kuma gasar Canadian Open (na biyu). Shirye-shiryenta na US Open sun ci gaba a Cincinnati Open inda ta tsallake zuwa zagayen kwata-kwata kuma Madison Keys ta doke ta. Kakar wasanta ta ci gaba da kasancewa ta 25 a gasar US Open ; duk da haka, ta sha kashi a zagaye na farko ga Clara Burel wacce ta yi nasara a gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Koiki |first=Adesina O. |date=30 August 2022 |title=Clara Burel upsets Wimbledon champ Elena Rybakina at 2022 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2022-08-30/clara_burel_upsets_wimbledon_champ_elena_rybakina_at_2022_us_open.html |access-date=4 October 2023 |website=[[US Open (tennis)|US Open]]}}</ref> Ta dawo daga gasar cin kofin Portorož Open da ke Slovenia, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Kateřina Siniaková a zagaye uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 August 2026 |title=Siniakova outlasts Rybakina in Portoroz for third career singles title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2796881/siniakova-outlasts-rybakina-in-portoroz-for-third-career-singles-title |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Tunda nasarar da ta samu a gasar Wimbledon ba ta ba da maki ba, Rybakina ta kasa samun cancantar shiga gasar WTA kuma ta kammala shekarar da ke matsayi na 22. <ref>{{Cite web |title=End-of-Year Rankings & 2022 Earnings for Top Women’s Tennis Players |url=https://boardroom.tv/end-of-year-rankings-earnings-womens-tennis-players-2022/ |access-date=29 August 2026 |publisher=boardroom}}</ref> === 2023: Gasar karshe ta Australian Open, kofuna biyu na WTA 1000, Na 3 === [[File:Elena_Rybakina_(2023_US_Open)_15_(cropped)_2.jpg|thumb| Rybakina a gasar US Open ta 2023]] Rybakina ya fara kakar wasa a Adelaide International 1, inda ya doke Danielle Collins a wasanni uku <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina wins Adelaide opener; Samsonova to face Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3004553/rybakina-wins-adelaide-opener-samsonova-to-face-sabalenka |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> kafin ya sha kashi a hannun Marta Kostyuk a zagaye na biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kostyuk stuns Rybakina to make Adelaide 1 quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3008370/kostyuk-stuns-rybakina-to-make-adelaide-1-quarterfinals |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Ta biyo baya da rashin nasara a wasan Adelaide International 2 da Petra Kvitová ta buga a jere. Duk da haka, ta kai wasan ƙarshe na biyu tare da abokiyar karawarta Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova . A gasar Australian Open, Rybakina ta sake kayar da Danielle Collins, 'yar wasan karshe ta 2022, a zagaye na uku, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiatek rolls, Rybakina bests Collins in Australian Open third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3029207/swiatek-rolls-rybakina-bests-collins-in-australian-open-third-round |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> da kuma Iga Świątek, 'yar wasan duniya ta 1, a zagaye na hudu <ref>{{Cite web |title=Takeaways: Rybakina knocks out world No. 1 Swiatek in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3032901/takeaways-rybakina-knocks-out-world-no-1-swiatek-in-melbourne |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> inda ta zama mace ta farko 'yar Kazakhstan da ta kai zagayen kwata na karshe na gasar Australian Open. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aussie Open Day 7 by the numbers: Azarenka's experience, Ostapenko's milestone |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3033592/aussie-open-day-7-by-the-numbers-azarenka-s-experience-ostapenko-s-milestone |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Na gaba, ta doke tsohuwar zakaran gasar French Open Jeļena Ostapenko don kaiwa wasan kusa da na karshe na Australian Open na farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2023 |title=Rybakina eases past Ostapenko into Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3036162/rybakina-eases-past-ostapenko-into-australian-open-semifinals}}</ref> A wasan kusa da na karshe, ta doke tsohuwar 'yar wasan duniya ta 1 kuma wacce ta lashe gasar Australian Open sau biyu, [[Victoria Azarenka]], a jere, inda ta kai wasan karshe na Grand Slam na biyu a tarihin rayuwarta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wimbledon champion Rybakina advances to Australian Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3038320/wimbledon-champion-rybakina-advances-to-australian-open-final |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Duk da haka, duk da lashe zagayen farko, Rybakina ya sha kashi a hannun Aryna Sabalenka a wasan zakarun Turai a wani wasan da ya yi da kyau. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka holds off Rybakina to win Australian Open, first Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Ta kai matsayi na 10 a ranar 30 ga Janairun 2023, inda ta zama 'yar wasa ta farko da ta wakilci Kazakhstan, namiji ko mace, da ta taɓa kaiwa matsayi na 10 a jerin ATP ko WTA. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2023 |title=Set for a Top 10 debut, Rybakina confident the best is to come |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040359/set-for-a-top-10-debut-rybakina-confident-the-best-is-to-come}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Novak Djokovic returns to No. 1 after winning 10th Australian Open title |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-novak-djokovic-returns-to-no-1-rybakina-linette-shelton}}</ref> A Abu Dhabi, ta doke Karolina Plíšková, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kasatkina, Rybakina book Abu Dhabi quarterfinal spots |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3055834/kasatkina-rybakina-book-abu-dhabi-quarterfinal-spots |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> ta yi wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe inda ta sha kashi a hannun Beatriz Haddad Maia . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Haddad Maia, Samsonova seal last two Abu Dhabi semifinal berths |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3057006/haddad-maia-samsonova-seal-last-two-abu-dhabi-semifinal-berths |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> A Dubai, ta kai zagaye na uku ta hanyar doke [[Bianca Andreescu]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Takeaways: Rybakina fends off Andreescu in Dubai |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3076529/takeaways-rybakina-fends-off-andreescu-in-dubai |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> da Marie Bouzková <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ong |first=Erwin |date=2023-02-21 |title=Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka breeze into third round of 2023 Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships |url=https://dubaidutyfreetennischampionships.com/iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-breeze-into-third-round-of-2023-dubai-duty-free-tennis-championships/ |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships |language=en-US}}</ref> a jere. Ta janye daga wasan zagaye na uku da [[Coco Gauff|Coco Gauff,]] ɗan wasa na biyar, saboda raunin da ya samu a bayanta. A gasar Indian Wells, a matsayinta na 'yar shekara ta goma, ta yi zagayen kwata na biyu a jere a gasar Indian Wells inda ta doke [[Sofia Kenin]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 March 2023 |title=Wimbledon champion Rybakina holds off Kenin to advance at Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3106366/wimbledon-champion-rybakina-holds-off-kenin-to-advance-at-indian-wells |access-date=2023-03-18 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> 'yar shekara ta 21 Paula Badosa <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 March 2023 |title=Rybakina ousts former champion Badosa in Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3109574/rybakina-ousts-former-champion-badosa-in-indian-wells |access-date=2023-03-18 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> da Varvara Gracheva . Sannan, ta doke Karolína Muchová don kaiwa wasan kusa da na karshe na WTA 1000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina into Indian Wells semis; defeats Muchova in three sets |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3112590/rybakina-into-indian-wells-semis-defeats-muchova-in-three-sets |access-date=2023-03-18 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> A wasan kusa da na karshe, ta zarce zakaran da ke kare kambun Świątek, a jere, a karo na biyu a shekarar 2023 don kaiwa ga wasan karshe na farko na WTA 1000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No.1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |access-date=2023-03-18 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe, ta doke Aryna Sabalenka a matsayi na biyu a jere a jere, inda ta mayar da sakamakon wasansu na ƙarshe a gasar Australian Open a matsayin zakaran WTA 1000 na farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 March 2023 |title=Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win Indian Wells title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Champions Corner: Sibling support, better organization key for Rybakina |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3117080/champions-corner-sibling-support-better-organization-key-for-rybakina}}</ref> Wannan sakamakon ya tura ta zuwa matsayi na ɗaya a duniya a matsayi na 7 a fagen aiki <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Muchova continues resurgence, Rybakina hits career-high |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3117580/rankings-watch-muchova-continues-resurgence-rybakina-hits-career-high}}</ref> Rybakina ya ceci maki a wasan da ya doke Paula Badosa a zagaye na uku na gasar Miami Open . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 March 2023 |title=Miami: Rybakina saves match point to beat Badosa in third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3121674/miami-rybakina-saves-match-point-to-beat-badosa-in-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408205751/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3121674/miami-rybakina-saves-match-point-to-beat-badosa-in-third-round |archive-date=8 April 2023 |access-date=29 August 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Daga nan ta yi nasara a kan Elise Mertens, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina beats Mertens in Miami for 11th straight win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3122912/trevisan-through-to-first-wta-1000-quarterfinal-in-miami}}</ref> Martina Trevisan, da Jessica Pegula <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina bests Pegula to win 13th consecutive match, advances to Miami final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3125406/rybakina-bests-pegula-to-win-13th-consecutive-match-advances-to-miami-final |access-date=29 August 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> don isa wasan ƙarshe. A wasan ƙarshe, ta sha kashi a hannun Petra Kvitová ta 15, wanda hakan ya hana ta kammala gasar Sunshine Double, sannan ya kawo ƙarshen nasarar da ta samu a wasanni 13 da ta yi a jere a tarihinta. Daga nan ta samu nasarar fita zagaye na biyu a gasar Stuttgart Open da kuma gasar Madrid Open ga Beatriz Haddad Maia da Anna Kalinskaya, bi da bi, kuma ta kai matsayi na 6 a duniya a ranar 8 ga Mayu 2023. Daga nan ta kai zagayen kwata-kwata a gasar Italian Open kuma ta koma matsayi na 5 a duniya bayan ta yi nasara a kan Jasmine Paolini, Anna Kalinskaya ta yi ritaya da kuma Markéta Vondroušová . Daga baya ta doke Iga Świątek ta duniya ta 1, (wadda ta yi ritaya a lokacin da ake yanke hukunci saboda rauni) a karo na uku don isa wasanta na farko a kusa da na karshe na Rome. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina advances to Rome semifinals after Swiatek retires with injury |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3418462/rybakina-advances-to-rome-semifinals-after-swiatek-retires-due-to-injury}}</ref> Rybakina ta kai wasan karshe na WTA 1000 na kakar wasa ta bana, inda ta doke Jeļena Ostapenko, inda ta zama 'yar wasa ta uku a gasar Open Era da ta kai wasan karshe a kakar wasa daya a gasar Australian Open, Indian Wells da Miami Open da kuma Rome, bayan Monica Seles a shekarar 1991 da [[Maria Sharapova]] a shekarar 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina defeats Ostapenko to advance to Rome final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3445019/rybakina-defeats-ostapenko-to-advance-to-rome-final}}</ref> Ta lashe kambunta na farko na WTA 1000 clay, bayan da Anhelina Kalinina ta yi ritaya a zagaye na biyu, kuma ta koma matsayi mafi girma a duniya a matsayi na 4, a ranar 22 ga Mayu 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina takes Rome title over injured Kalinina |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3447362/rybakina-takes-rome-title-over-injured-kalinina}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rankings Watch: Rybakina hits Top 5 for first time; Zheng makes Top 20 debut |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3465469/rankings-watch-rybakina-hits-top-5-for-first-time-zheng-makes-top-20-debut}}</ref> A gasar French Open ta 2023, duk da cewa ta yi tafiya a kan hanya saboda rashin lafiyar numfashi a zagaye na uku, <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2023 |title=Rybakina pulls out of French Open due to illness |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37786034/elena-rybakina-pulls-french-open-due-illness}}</ref> ta kai matsayi na 3 a jerin 'yan wasan duniya a ranar 12 ga Yuni 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 June 2023 |title=Elena Rybakina to enter top-3 for first time in career after French Open 2023 |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/news-elena-rybakina-enter-top-3-first-time-career-french-open-2023}}</ref> Daga nan sai Rybakina ya buga gasar WTA ta matakin 500 ta Berlin Open a kan ciyawa, inda ya sha kashi a hannun Donna Vekić a zagaye na biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-21 |title=Vekic ousts Rybakina in Berlin to reach quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3547647/vekic-ousts-rybakina-in-berlin-to-reach-quarterfinals |access-date=2026-08-27 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga Yuni 2023, Rybakina ta sanar da janyewarta daga gasar Eastbourne International saboda wata cuta da ta kamu da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina withdraws from Eastbourne with viral illness |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3553687/rybakina-withdraws-from-eastbourne-with-viral-illness |access-date=2023-06-26 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Da ta dawo gasar Wimbledon a matsayin zakaran kare kambun, Rybakina ta doke Shelby Rogers, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wimbledon 2023 results: Elena Rybakina avoids upset against Shelby Rogers |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/66098410 |access-date=1 September 2026 |publisher=bbc}}</ref> Alize Cornet, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wimbledon 2023 results: Elena Rybakina beats injured Alize Cornet; Svitolina and Andreeva also win |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/66123645 |access-date=1 September 2026 |publisher=bbc}}</ref> Katie Boulter, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wimbledon 2023 results: Katie Boulter loses to Elena Rybakina |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/66143134 |access-date=1 September 2026 |publisher=bbc}}</ref> da Beatriz Haddad Maia <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wimbledon 2023: Elena Rybakina and Ons Jabeur through to quarter-finals |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/66156311 |access-date=1 September 2026 |publisher=bbc}}</ref> don isa zagayen kwata-kwata inda ta sha kashi a hannun Ons Jabeur a wasanni uku a sake fafatawa a wasan karshe na bara. Bayan rashin nasarar da ta yi a wasan kwata-kwata a Wimbledon, ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar Canadian Open a karon farko a tarihin rayuwarta. Ta doke Jennifer Brady da Sloane Stephens kafin ta doke Daria Kasatkina a wasan da ya ɗauki tsawon awanni 3 da mintuna 27, wanda shine wasa mafi tsawo a tarihin rayuwar Rybakina. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 August 2023 |title=Rybakina outlasts Kasatkina in Montreal late-night marathon |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3628896/rybakina-outlasts-kasatkina-in-montreal-late-night-marathon |access-date=2023-08-14 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> An kammala wasan da ƙarfe 2:55 na safe agogon yankin. A wasan kusa da na karshe, Rybakina ta sha kashi a hannun Liudmila Samsonova a zagaye uku, inda ta ba da rahoton cewa ta ji 'lalacewa' a jikinta a taron manema labarai bayan wasan saboda matsalolin jadawalin da ta fuskanta a lokacin gasar. Rybakina ya kai zagaye na uku na gasar Cincinnati Open kafin ya yi ritaya a zagaye na biyu da Jasmine Paolini . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-17 |title=Gauff cruises in Cincinnati; Paolini advances past injured Rybakina |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3638030/paolini-advances-past-rybakina-via-retirement-in-cincinnati |access-date=2026-08-27 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Daga nan ta kai zagaye na uku na gasar US Open a matsayin ta huɗu, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Sorana Cîrstea a zagaye uku. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Braden |first=Jonathon |date=2 September 2023 |title=Cirstea stuns former Wimbledon champion Rybakina at 2023 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2023-09-02/cirstea_stuns_former_wimbledon_champion_rybakina_at_2023_us_open.html |access-date=4 October 2023 |website=[[US Open (tennis)|US Open]]}}</ref> A gasar Beijing Open, Rybakina ta yi nasarar cin nasara a kan [[Sabalenka|Aryna Sabalenka,]] wacce take lamba 1 a duniya a zagayen kwata-kwata, kafin ta sha kashi a hannun Liudmila Samsonova a wasan kusa da na karshe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-06 |title=Rybakina topples Sabalenka to round out Beijing semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3724547/rybakina-topples-sabalenka-to-round-out-beijing-semifinals |access-date=2026-08-27 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba, Rybakina ta buga gasar WTA ta farko, inda aka fitar da ita a matakin rukuni. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2023-11-03 |title=Top seed Sabalenka knocks Rybakina out of WTA Finals |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/top-seed-sabalenka-knocks-rybakina-out-wta-finals-2023-11-03/ |website=Reuters}}</ref> === 2024: Wasan kusa da na karshe na Wimbledon, lashe kofuna uku na WTA 500, rashin lafiya === Rybakina ta fara kakar wasa ta 2024 a Brisbane International inda ta doke Olivia Gadecki, Elise Mertens, Anastasia Potapova, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Victoria Azarenka into Brisbane International singles semifinals with dramatic three-set win over Jelena Ostapenko |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-01-05/you-ruin-my-matches-ostapenko-to-umpire-loss-azarenka-brisbane/103288468 |access-date=1 September 2026 |publisher=abc.net}}</ref> da Linda Noskova <ref>{{Cite web |title=2024 Brisbane International: Elena Rybakina Shines Bright: Overpowers Linda Noskova to Secure First Final of the Season |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/match-report-2024-brisbane-international-elena-rybakina-shines-bright-overpowers-linda-noskova-to-secure-first-final-of-the-season |access-date=1 September 2026 |publisher=TennisUpToDate}}</ref> don shirya sake fafatawa a wasan karshe na Australian Open da suka fafata da [[Sabalenka|Aryna Sabalenka]] a bara, wanda ya sha kashi. Ta rama rashin nasarar da ta sha kaye a hannun Sabalenka a jere don lashe kambun, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina defeats Sabalenka in Brisbane to become first WTA title winner of the year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/elena-rybakina-defeats-sabalenka-in-brisbane-to-become-first-wta-title-winner-of-the-year |access-date=8 July 2024 |publisher=Tennis.com}}</ref> kafin ta fita zagaye na biyu a gasar Australian Open da Anna Blinkova a wasan da ya kasance mafi tsayi a tarihin Grand Slam. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Crooks |first=Eleanor |date=18 January 2024 |title=Elena Rybakina loses longest-ever grand slam tiebreak in defeat to Anna Blinkova |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/rybakina-blinkova-tiebreak-australian-open-record-b2480901.html |access-date=8 July 2024 |website=The Independent}}</ref> Rybakina ta lashe kambunta na biyu a gasar Abu Dhabi Open a watan Fabrairu, inda ta doke Danielle Collins <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina comes through tough Collins clash to reach Mubadala Abu Dhabi Open quarter-finals |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/tennis/2024/02/08/rybakina-comes-through-tough-collins-clash-to-reach-mubadala-abu-dhabi-open-quarter-finals/ |access-date=1 September 2026 |publisher=thenationalnews}}</ref>, Cristina Bucsa, Ludmilla Samsonova, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina snaps Liudmila Samsonova streak, surges into Abu Dhabi final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/elena-rybakina-snaps-liudmila-samsonova-streak-surges-into-abu-dhabi-final |access-date=1 September 2026 |publisher=tennis.com}}</ref> da Daria Kasatkina . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mubadala Abu Dhabi Open: Elena Rybakina wins title with comfortable win against Daria Kasatkina |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13069162/mubadala-abu-dhabi-open-elena-rybakina-wins-title-with-comfortable-win-against-daria-kasatkina |access-date=8 July 2024 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> Daga nan ta kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar WTA 1000 Qatar Open, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Iga Świątek, sannan ta kai zagayen kwata na ƙarshe na gasar Dubai Open kafin ta janye saboda rashin lafiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-22 |title=Rybakina withdraws from Dubai; Paolini to face Cirstea in semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3906424/rybakina-withdraws-from-dubai-paolini-advances-to-semis |access-date=2026-08-27 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> A matsayinta na zakaran gasar Indian Wells Open, Rybakina ta tilasta janye daga gasar jim kaɗan kafin wasanta na farko saboda rashin lafiya. Daga nan ta buga wasa a gasar Miami Open, inda ta kai wasan karshe a karo na biyu a jere kafin ta sha kashi a hannun Danielle Collins . A watan Afrilu, Rybakina ta lashe kambunta na uku a kakar wasa ta bana a gasar Porsche Tennis Grand Prix da ke Stuttgart, inda ta doke Iga Świątek, wacce ta lashe kambun kare kambu sau biyu a wasan kusa da na karshe, sannan Marta Kostyuk ta yi nasara a jere a wasan karshe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 April 2024 |title=Elena Rybakina targets grand slam success after winning in Stuttgart |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/elena-rybakina-stuttgart-french-open-b2532487.html |access-date=8 July 2024 |website=The Independent}}</ref> Ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar French Open, kafin ta sha kashi a hannun Jasmine Paolini, wacce ta zo ta biyu a gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 June 2024 |title=Paolini stuns Rybakina to reach French Open semis |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0dd4xk3rpyo |access-date=8 July 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> A lokacin da ake gudanar da gasar share fagen shiga gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta shekarar nan, Rybakina ta yi ritaya saboda rashin lafiya a lokacin wasanta na kwata-kwata da Victoria Azarenka a gasar Berlin Ladies Open <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2024 |title=Unwell Rybakina retires in Berlin, rain delays matches |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/unwell-rybakina-retires-berlin-rain-delays-matches-2024-06-21/ |access-date=8 July 2024 |website=Reuters}}</ref> sannan ta janye daga gasar Eastbourne International ta mako mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 June 2024 |title=Ostapenko, Dart prevail in Eastbourne; Rybakina withdraws |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4044356/ostapenko-dart-prevail-in-eastbourne-rybakina-withdraws |access-date=8 July 2024 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> A gasar Wimbledon, ta yi nasara a kan Caroline Wozniacki, tsohuwar 'yar wasa ta 1 a duniya, cikin mintuna 57 kacal, kuma ta sha kashi a wasa ɗaya kacal a zagaye na uku, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Inside Rybakina's 57-minute masterclass vs. Wozniacki at Wimbledon |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052852/inside-rybakina-s-57-minute-masterclass-vs-wozniacki-at-wimbledon |access-date=8 July 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> kafin ta lashe wasanta na gaba lokacin da abokiyar hamayyarta Anna Kalinskaya ta yi ritaya daga buga wasa a zagaye na biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 July 2024 |title=Elena Rybakina back in Wimbledon quarter-finals after Anna Kalinskaya withdraws |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/elena-rybakina-wimbledon-elina-svitolina-centre-court-ons-jabeur-b2576031.html |access-date=8 July 2024 |website=The Independent}}</ref> Daga nan sai Rybakina ta doke Elina Svitolina a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina cruises past Svitolina into Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4055340/rybakina-cruises-past-svitolina-into-wimbledon-semifinals |access-date=10 July 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 July 2024 |title=Clinical Rybakina into Wimbledon semi-finals |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ck5g4g156g5o |access-date=10 July 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> kafin ta yi rashin nasara a hannun Barbora Krejčíková a wasan dab da na kusa da na karshe a wasa uku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Barbara Krejcikova stuns former champion Elena Rybakina to reach first Wimbledon final |url=https://www.gbnews.com/sport/tennis/barbara-krejcikova-elena-rybakina-wimbledon-final |website=www.gbnews.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2024 |title=Krejcikova topples Rybakina to reach Wimbledon final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4056426/krejcikova-topples-rybakina-to-reach-wimbledon-final |access-date=11 July 2024 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> Rybakina ya janye daga gasar Olympics ta Paris kwana biyu kafin fara gasar saboda ciwon huhu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Olympic draw: Kerber faces Osaka in first round; Rybakina withdraws |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4067105/olympic-draw-kerber-faces-osaka-in-first-round-rybakina-withdraws |access-date=26 July 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Ta doke Destanee Aiava mai neman cancanta a zagaye na farko a gasar US Open <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2024 |title=US Open: Rybakina sees off spirited effort by qualifier Aiava |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/us-open-news/us-open-rybakina-through-to-second-round-781818.html |access-date=29 August 2024 |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> amma daga baya ta janye daga gasar saboda raunin da ba a bayyana ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina's withdrawal from US Open sends Ponchet into third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4099969/rybakina-s-withdrawal-from-us-open-sends-ponchet-into-third-round |access-date=29 August 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> A ranar 23 ga Satumba, Rybakina ta sanar da cewa ba za ta buga dukkan wasannin Asiya na kakar wasa ba saboda raunin baya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina hopes to be ready for WTA Finals after withdrawing from Asian swing |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4128052/rybakina-hopes-to-be-ready-for-wta-finals-after-withdrawing-from-asian-swing |access-date=25 September 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Rybakina ta buga wasanta na farko tun watan Agusta a gasar WTA Finals a watan Nuwamba, inda ta sha kashi a gasar farko ta rukuni a hannun Jasmine Paolini a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 November 2024 |title=Takeaways: Paolini beats Rybakina to win WTA Finals debut |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4161931/takeaways-paolini-beats-rybakina-to-win-wta-finals-debut |access-date=2 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Ta sha kashi a wasanta na biyu a rukuni a zagaye uku a hannun [[Zheng Qinwen]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Zheng strikes back: Levels her record at WTA Finals with win over Rybakina |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4162890/zheng-strikes-back-levels-her-record-at-wta-finals-with-win-over-rybakina |access-date=4 November 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Duk da cewa ta doke Aryna Sabalenka, wacce take lamba 1 a duniya, a wasanta na ƙarshe a rukuni, Rybakina ta kasa kaiwa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina hands No.1 Sabalenka first loss at WTA Finals Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4164035/rybakina-hands-no-1-sabalenka-first-loss-at-wta-finals-riyadh |access-date=6 November 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> === 2025: Zakaran Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta WTA === Rybakina ta fara kakar wasanta a gasar cin kofin United ta 2025, inda ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe tare da kungiyar Kazakhstan. Daga nan ta buga gasar Australian Open, inda ta doke Emerson Jones <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina races through opening test against Jones |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/rybakina-races-through-opening-test-against-jones |access-date=7 September 2026 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> da Iva Jovic, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina knocks out American teen Jovic to head into Australian Open third round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/rybakina-knocks-out-american-teen-jovic-march-into-australian-open-third-round-2025-01-16/ |access-date=7 September 2026 |website=Reuters}}</ref> da Dayana Yastremska, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina casting runner-up heartbreak aside at AO 2025 |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/rybakina-casting-runner-heartbreak-aside-ao-2025 |access-date=7 September 2026 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> duk a jere, kafin ta sha kashi a hannun zakaran gasar Madison Keys a zagaye na hudu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2025 |title=Madison Keys dispatches Rybakina in rollercoaster Australian Open match |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2025/jan/20/madison-keys-dispatches-elena-rybakina-iga-swiatek-australian-open-tennis |access-date=3 August 2025 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> A matsayinta na zakaran kare kambun, Rybakina ta doke Katie Volynets da Ons Jabeur <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina defeats Ons Jabeur in dramatic Abu Dhabi clash |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/elena-rybakina-defeats-ons-jabeur-dramatic-abu-dhabi |access-date=7 September 2026 |publisher=tennis.com}}</ref> a gasar Abu Dhabi Open, kafin Belinda Bencic ta sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bencic reaches first Tour final since maternity leave |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cdjdp4dx11zo |access-date=7 September 2026 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Ta doke Rebecca Šramková <ref>{{Cite web |title=Qatar Open: Rybakina reaches last eight |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/qatar-open-rybakina-reaches-last-eight-808341.html |access-date=7 September 2026 |publisher=Tennismajors}}</ref> don isa wasan kusa da na karshe na Qatar Open don shirya sake fafatawa a gasar zakarun Turai ta shekarun da suka gabata da Iga Świątek, kuma an doke ta a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Imperious Swiatek surges past Rybakina to reach Qatar Open semi-finals |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/doha-qatar-total-open-wta-500-wta-tour-news/imperious-swiatek-surges-past-rybakina-to-reach-qatar-open-semi-finals-808542.html |access-date=7 September 2026 |publisher=Tennismajors}}</ref> A Gasar Tennis ta Dubai ta 2025, Rybakina ta ceci maki 6 a wasanni yayin da take kan hanyarta ta doke Paula Badosa, wacce take lamba 10 a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 February 2025 |title=Rybakina saves six match points to beat Badosa |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c3w16y08xlpo |website=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 February 2025 |title=2025 DUBAI; Six match points saved! Watch each one as Rybakina edges Badosa in Dubai |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4218524/six-match-points-saved-watch-each-one-as-rybakina-edges-badosa-in-dubai}}</ref> Bayan haka, ta doke [[Sofia Kenin]] don kaiwa zagayen kusa da na karshe na biyu a gasar Gabas ta Tsakiya sannan kuma ta tara a gasar WTA 1000 inda ta sha kashi a zagaye uku ga matsayi na 12 kuma daga ƙarshe ta zama zakara Mirra Andreeva . <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=By the numbers: Rybakina ousts Kenin to return to Dubai semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219836/by-the-numbers-rybakina-ousts-kenin-to-return-to-dubai-semifinals |website=WTATennis}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2025 |title=Andreeva upsets Rybakina in Dubai to become youngest-ever WTA 1000 finalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4220732/andreeva-upsets-rybakina-in-dubai-to-become-youngest-ever-wta-1000-finalist |website=WTATennis}}</ref> A gasar Indian Wells, ta doke Suzan Lamens a zagaye na biyu da kuma Katie Boulter a zagaye na uku kafin ta sake shan kashi a hannun Andreeva a zagaye na hudu, a wannan karon a jere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Former champion Rybakina defeats Lamens to open Indian Wells campaign |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4229513/former-champion-rybakina-defeats-lamens-to-open-indian-wells-campaign |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-09 |title=Indian Wells: Katie Boulter falls short against Elena Rybakina in third round |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44182609/indian-wells-katie-boulter-falls-short-elena-rybakina-third-round |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Mirra Andreeva scores Elena Rybakina win in rainy Indian Wells |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/mirra-andreeva-scores-elena-rybakina-win-rainy-indian-wells |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Bayan da ta kai wasan ƙarshe a shekarar da ta gabata, Rybakina ta shiga gasar Miami Open ta 2025 a matsayi na bakwai, kuma ta sha kashi a hannun Ashlyn Krueger a zagaye uku a zagaye na biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2025 |title=Krueger upsets Rybakina in Miami for first Top 10 win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4236310/krueger-upsets-rybakina-in-miami-for-first-top-10-win |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Ta kare maki 500 daga nasarar da ta samu a Stuttgart a shekarar da ta gabata, maimakon haka ta zaɓi ta buga wasannin share fage na gasar cin kofin Billie Jean King ta 2025 . Sakamakon haka, ta faɗi zuwa lamba 11 a jerin a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2025, inda ta bar manyan 10 a karon farko tun daga Janairu 2023 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mesic |first=Dzevad |date=2025-04-14 |title=Elena Rybakina set to exit top-10 after being put in uncomfortable spot |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/WTA_Tennis/154675/elena-rybakina-set-to-exit-top10-after-being-put-in-uncomfortable-spot-/ |website=Tennis World USA |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina Rankings History {{!}} WTA Official |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/324166/-/stats/ |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> A watan Afrilu, a gasar Madrid Open, Rybakina ta doke [[Bianca Andreescu]] a zagaye na biyu kafin ta sha kashi a hannun Elina Svitolina, wacce take matsayi na 17 a gasar a zagaye na uku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina maintains undefeated record vs. Andreescu with Madrid win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4254288/rybakina-maintains-undefeated-record-vs-andreescu-with-madrid-win |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Duk da haka, a gasar Italian Open ta 2025, ta doke Eva Lys a zagaye na biyu kafin ta sha kashi a hannun Andreescu a zagaye na uku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Former champion Rybakina holds off Lys to reach Rome third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4262284/former-champion-rybakina-holds-off-lys-to-reach-rome-third-round |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreescu Gets Revenge on Rybakina in Rome; Fernandez Out |url=https://www.tenniscanada.com/news/pro-tennis/2025/andreescu-gets-revenge-on-rybakina-in-rome-fernandez-out |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Tennis Canada |language=en}}</ref> A matsayin shiga gasar Internationaux de Strasbourg a minti na ƙarshe, Rybakina ta doke Wang Xinyu, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina wins in Strasbourg; returning Badosa moves past injured Bouzkova |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4270015/rybakina-wins-in-strasbourg-returning-badosa-moves-past-injured-bouzkova |access-date=2026-09-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Magda Linette, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina storms into Strasbourg semis; Haddad Maia tops Navarroa |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4270015/rybakina-wins-in-strasbourg-returning-badosa-moves-past-injured-bouzkova |access-date=2026-09-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> da kuma Beatriz Haddad Maia mai matsayi na 9 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina into first final of 2025, will face Samsonova for title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4272428/rybakina-to-face-samsonova-in-first-final-of-2025g |access-date=2026-09-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> don isa wasan ƙarshe na farko tun Afrilu 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 2025 |title=Two-time champion Svitolina among Strasbourg main-draw entries |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257261/two-time-champion-svitolina-among-strasbourg-main-draw-entries |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> <ref name="wta-matches" /> A wasan ƙarshe, ta doke Liudmila Samsonova mai matsayi na takwas a zagaye uku don lashe kambunta na farko cikin sama da shekara guda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Back on top: Rybakina ends yearlong title drought in Strasbourg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4272951/back-on-top-rybakina-ends-yearlong-title-drought-in-strasbourg |access-date=2025-06-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina, wanda ya zo na 12 a matsayi na uku, ya kai zagaye na huɗu na gasar French Open ta 2025, kafin ya sha kashi a hannun Iga Świątek a zagaye uku. <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2025 |title=French Open 2025: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina in thriller as Aryna Sabalenka eases into quarter-finals |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/tennis/french-open-2025-swiatek-rybakina-sabalenka-results-b1230704.html |access-date=3 August 2025 |publisher=London Evening Standard}}</ref> Rybakina ta fara kakar wasanninta na ciyawa a gasar WTA mai matakai 500 ta Queen's Club Championships, inda ta sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe a hannun zakaran gasar, Tatjana Maria . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2025 |title='My whole family won this trophy': Maria completes title run at Queen's |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4287092/qualifier-maria-completes-dream-run-at-queens-wins-fourth-career-title |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Daga nan ta kai zagayen kwata na biyu na gasar Berlin Open ta 2025, inda ta sha kashi a hannun [[Sabalenka|Aryna Sabalenka]] a zagaye uku, duk da cewa tana da maki hudu a wasanni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-20 |title=Sabalenka saves 4 match points, ousts Rybakina |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45552297/sabalenka-saves-4-match-points-outlast-rybakina-berlin |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Bayan da ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe a shekarar 2024, Rybakina ta sha kashi a hannun Clara Tauson a zagaye na uku na Gasar Wimbledon ta 2025, daga baya ta fadi zuwa matsayi na 13 a jerin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dominant Rybakina into semis |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2024-07-10/dominant_rybakina_into_semis.html |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=www.wimbledon.com}}</ref> [[File:Elena_Rybakina_(2025_DC_Open)_09.jpg|left|thumb| Rybakina a gasar DC Open ta 2025]] A watan Yuli, Rybakina ya buga gasar WTA 500-level 2025 DC Open, inda ya kai wasan kusa da na karshe kafin ya sha kashi a hannun Leylah Fernandez a wasan da ya dauki sama da awanni uku kuma ya samu bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida sau uku. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Leylah Fernandez shows fighting spirit to win DC Open tiebreak duel with Elena Rybakina |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/leylah-fernandez-shows-fighting-spirit-win-dc-open-tiebreak-duel-elena-rybakina |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Daga nan ta buga wasa a gasar National Bank Open ta 2025 a Montreal, Kanada, inda ta sake kaiwa zagayen kusa da na karshe kafin ta sha kashi a hannun Victoria Mboko, wacce ta lashe gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 August 2025 |title=Mboko completes dream week with win over Osaka in Montreal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4336282/mboko-completes-dream-week-with-win-over-osaka-in-montreal |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> A gasar Cincinnati Open ta shekarar 2025, ta doke Madison Keys mai lamba 6 a duniya a zagaye na hudu, inda ta yi nasarar farko a kan 'yan wasa 10 mafiya kwarewa tun watan Fabrairu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina captures statement Top 10 victory in Cincinnati against Keys |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4340601/rybakina-captures-statement-top-10-victory-in-cincinnati-against-keys |access-date=2025-08-20 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Daga nan ta doke [[Sabalenka|Aryna Sabalenka]] mai lamba 1 a duniya a zagayen kwata-kwata, inda ta zama nasara ta 7 a kan ɗan wasa mai lamba 1 a duniya, kafin ta sake shan kashi a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe a hannun Iga Świątek mai matsayi na 2 kuma wanda ya lashe gasar a ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-16 |title=Sabalenka stunned by Rybakina in Cincy quarters |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45990400/elena-rybakina-upsets-aryna-sabalenka-reaches-cincinnati-semis |access-date=2025-08-20 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 August 2025 |title=Rybakina or Swiatek? One will leave Cincinnati with a statement win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4341790/swiatek-books-cincinnati-semifinal-with-sabalenka-or-rybakina-up-next |access-date=2025-08-20 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-19 |title=Swiatek wins her 1st Cincinnati Open for 24th title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/46011503/iga-swiatek-defeats-jasmine-paolini-cincinnati-open-final |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina, wacce ta zo ta 9 a gasar US Open ta 2025, ta doke Julieta Pareja 'yar shekara 16, wacce ta lashe gasar Tereza Valentová, da kuma abokiyar karawarta ta biyu kuma tsohuwar zakara [[Emma Raducanu]], inda ta kai zagaye na hudu a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Markéta Vondroušová, Zakaran Wimbledon na 2023 a seti uku. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clair |first=Maciel |date=2025-08-25 |title=Rybakina advances to R2 over American teen Pareja at 2025 US Ope |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2025-08-25/rybakina_advances_to_r2_over_american_teen_pareja_at_2025_us_open.html |website=US Open}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Koiki |first=Adesina O. |date=2025-08-27 |title=Rybakina wins tight two-setter to advance to Round 3 of 2025 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2025-08-27/rybakina_wins_tight_twosetter_to_advance_to_round_3_of_2025_us_open.html |website=US Open}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-29 |title=Emma Raducanu's best US Open since her 2021 title ends with lopsided loss to Elena Rybakina |url=https://apnews.com/article/emma-raducanu-elena-rybakina-us-open-2025-8537083c468344b1ca7204ee5915733a |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Paris |first=Jay |date=2025-08-31 |title=Resurgent Marketa Vondrousova ousts Elena Rybakina to reach 2025 US Open QFs |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2025-08-31/resurgent_marketa_vondrousova_ousts_elena_rybakina_to_reach_2025_us_open_qfs.html |website=US Open}}</ref> A gasar WTA 1000 ta China Open a watan Satumba, Rybakina ta yi bankwana a zagaye na farko, sannan ta doke Caty McNally a zagaye na biyu kafin ta sha kashi a hannun 'yar wasan Jamus Eva Lys a zagaye na uku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Women's Tennis Association – Official Website |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/tournaments/china-open/draws |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250924085147/https://www.wtatennis.com/tournaments/china-open/draws |archive-date=2025-09-24 |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DPDxLbcj_db/ |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lys upsets Rybakina in Beijing third round for first career Top 10 win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4370894/lys-upsets-rybakina-in-beijing-third-round-for-first-career-top-10-win |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Bayan 'yan makonni, a gasar Wuhan Open mai matakai 1000, Rybakina ta sake samun nasara a zagaye na farko, kuma ta doke Jaqueline Cristian da Linda Nosková, kafin ta sha kashi a jere a hannun [[Sabalenka|Aryna Sabalenka]] a zagayen kwata-kwata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dongfeng Voyah Wuhan Open 2025 – Singles Main Draw |url=https://wtafiles.wtatennis.com/pdf/draws/2025/1075/MDS.pdf |website=WTA}}</ref> Da nufin samun cancantar shiga gasar WTA ta uku a jere, Rybakina ta doke Dayana Yastremska, mai neman cancanta Ajla Tomljanović, Jasmine Paolini mai matsayi na 2, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-18 |title=Rybakina stops Paolini in Ningbo to keep WTA Finals hopes alive |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4384591/rybakina-defeats-paolini-to-reach-ningbo-final-last-two-wta-finals-spots-remain-open |access-date=2025-11-14 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> da kuma Ekaterina Alexandrova mai matsayi na 4 a gasar Ningbo Open mai matakai 500 don samun kambunta na biyu a shekara kuma na goma gaba daya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-19 |title=Perfect 10: Rybakina defeats Alexandrova to capture Ningbo title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4385270/perfect-10-rybakina-defeats-alexandrova-to-claim-milestone-ningbo-title |access-date=2025-11-14 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=WTA |title=2025 AUX NINGBO OPEN – Singles Main Draw |url=https://wtafiles.wtatennis.com/pdf/draws/2025/2092/MDS.pdf}}</ref> Daga nan ta shiga gasar Pan Pacific Open mai matakai 500, inda ta doke Leylah Fernandez da Victoria Mboko don samun gurbin karshe da ya rage a gasar WTA ta 2025, kafin ta janye daga gasar Tokyo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-23 |title=Rybakina secures qualification for WTA Finals to set star-studded singles field |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4388394/rybakina-secures-qualification-for-wta-finals-to-set-star-studded-singles-field |access-date=2025-11-14 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-25 |title=Rybakina (back) pulls out of Pan Pacific Open |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/46718129/elena-rybakina-pulls-pan-pacific-open-citing-back-pain |access-date=2025-11-14 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba, a gasar WTA Finals da aka yi a Riyadh, duk da cewa ita ce 'yar wasa ta ƙarshe da ta cancanci shiga gasar, Rybakina ta hau kan Amanda Anisimova, matsayi na 4, Iga Świątek mai lamba 2, da kuma Ekaterina Alexandrova mai matsayi na biyu don isa wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, inda ta doke Jessica Pegula mai matsayi na 5. A wasan ƙarshe, ta doke [[Sabalenka|Aryna Sabalenka,]] wacce take lamba 1 a duniya, don lashe kambun gasar WTA Finals, sannan ta tsawaita nasarorinta na wasanni 11 a jere. Sakamakon nasarar da ta samu ba tare da an doke ta ba, Rybakina ta sami kyautar dala miliyan 5.235, wadda ta karya tarihin gasar, kuma ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayin ta 5 a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Elena Rybakina finishes 2025 resurgence by beating world No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka to win WTA Finals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/elena-rybakina-finishes-2025-resurgence-by-beating-world-no-1-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-wta-finals |access-date=2025-11-14 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=How Elena Rybakina rose to a "challenging" 2025 with WTA Finals victory |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/how-elena-rybakina-rose-to-a-challenging-2025-with-wta-finals-victory |access-date=2025-11-14 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> === 2026: Zakaran Australian Open da US Open, ta zama ta 1 a duniya === Rybakina ta fara kakarta ne a gasar Brisbane International, inda ta sha kashi a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na rukuni na takwas daga hannun Karolína Muchová, abin da ya kawo ƙarshen nasarorin wasanni 13 a jere da ta samu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-09 |title=Muchova halts Rybakina's win streak; to face Sabalenka in Brisbane semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431345/muchova-extinguishes-rybakinas-win-streak-to-do-battle-with-sabalenka-in-brisbane-semis |access-date=2026-01-29 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Daga nan ta buga gasar Australian Open ta 2026, inda ta doke Kaja Juvan,<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/dominant-rybakina-serves-ticket-ao-second-round|title=Dominant Rybakina serves up ticket to AO second round|date=20 January 2026|accessdate=14 September 2026|publisher=Australian Open}}</ref> Varvara Gracheva,<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/163387/australian-open-elena-rybakina-overcomes-early-struggles-to-register-twoset-2r-win/|title=Australian Open: Elena Rybakina overcomes early struggles to register two-set 2R win|publisher=TennisWorldUSA|accessdate=14 September 2026}}</ref> da Tereza Valentová, inda ta kai zagaye na huɗu. A nan ta doke Elise Mertens, wadda take matsayi na 21 a gasar, inda ta kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na Grand Slam na farko tun Wimbledon 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina secures spot in the quarterfinals in Australia with aces |url=https://www.puntodebreak.com/en/2026/01/26/rybakina-secures-spot-in-the-quarterfinals-in-australia-with-aces |access-date=2026-01-29 |website=Puntodebreak.com |language=en}}</ref> Daga nan ta doke Iga Świątek, wadda take matsayi na 2 a duniya, a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, sannan ta doke Jessica Pegula a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe kafin na ƙarshe, ba tare da ta rasa set ko ɗaya ba. Wasan ƙarshe ya kasance maimaitawar wasan ƙarshe na Australian Open na 2023 da na WTA Finals na 2025, inda ta sake fuskantar Aryna Sabalenka, wadda take matsayi na 1 a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-29 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=2026-01-29 |title=Elena Rybakina fends off Jessica Pegula comeback for Australian Open final with Aryna Sabalenka |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7006303/2026/01/29/australian-open-semifinals-pegula-rybakina-result-analysis/ |access-date=2026-01-29 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe, ta doke Sabalenka a cikin set uku, inda ta lashe babban kofinta na biyu. Sabanin nasarar da ta samu a babban gasa ta farko a 2022, Rybakina ta samu maki 2,000 sakamakon lashe gasar, kuma hakan ya mayar da ita matsayi na 3 a duniya a karon farko tun Janairu 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rybakina outlasts Sabalenka in three sets to capture first Australian Open title|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4442160/rybakina-earns-place-among-games-elites-with-first-australian-open-second-major-title|website=Women's Tennis Association|date=2026-01-31|access-date=2026-01-31|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1= |first1= |title=Rybakina's calm celebration after Australian Open triumph shocks fans |url=https://www.khelwire.com/articles/rybakinas-calm-celebration-after-australian-open-triumph-shocks-fans |website=Khelwire |access-date=January 31, 2026 |date=January 31, 2026}}</ref> A lokacin gasannin Gabas ta Tsakiya, ta sha kashi a hannun Victoria Mboko a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na Qatar Open, sannan ta janye daga wasan zagaye na uku da Antonia Ružić a Dubai Open saboda rashin lafiya.<ref>{{Cite web| title=Mboko ends Rybakina's winning streak in three-set thriller; into Doha semis|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4449526/mboko-ends-rybakinas-winning-streak-in-three-set-thriller-into-doha-semis|website=Women's Tennis Association|date=2026-02-12|access-date=2026-02-13|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/gi-illness-elena-rybakina-retire-dubai-lucky-loser-ruzic-anisimova-andreeva-pegula|title=GI Illness forces Elena Rybakina to retire in Dubai, as lucky loser Antonia Ruzic advances|date=18 February 2026|website=tennis.com}}</ref> A gasar Indian Wells Open, ta doke Jessica Pegula, wadda take matsayi na biyar, inda ta kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. Bayan nasarar da ta samu a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, ta zama ta 2 a duniya a karon farko a rayuwarta ta wasan tennis.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4468426/rybakina-will-jump-to-no-2-in-wta-rankings-overtaking-swiatek|title=Rybakina set to rise to No. 2 in WTA rankings, overtaking Swiatek|website=WTA|accessdate=14 March 2026}}</ref> Ta doke Elina Svitolina a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, inda ta samu damar sake fuskantar Aryna Sabalenka a wasan ƙarshe, wanda ya kasance maimaitawar wasan ƙarshe na Indian Wells Open na 2023 da kuma wasan ƙarshe na Australian Open na 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4468706/rybakina-pushes-past-svitolina-to-set-up-sabalenka-showdown-in-indian-wells-final|title=Rybakina hits 12 straight Top 10 wins, earns Indian Wells final rematch with Sabalenka|website=WTA|accessdate=18 March 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4468887/advantage-sabalenka-or-rybakina-making-the-case-for-the-indian-wells-finalists|title=Advantage Sabalenka or Rybakina? Making the case for the Indian Wells finalists|website=WTA|accessdate=18 March 2026}}</ref> Rybakina ta sha kashi a wasan ƙarshe cikin set uku masu tsauri, duk da cewa ta samu damar lashe gasar a lokacin tiebreak na set na uku.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4469923/aryna-sabalenka-solves-elena-rybakina-to-win-first-indian-wells-23rd-wta-title|title=Sabalenka saves championship point to win Indian Wells thriller over Rybakina|website=WTA|accessdate=18 March 2026}}</ref> A gasar Miami Open, ta doke Talia Gibson wadda ta samu gurbin shiga gasar ta hanyar cancanta, inda ta kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, tare da sake haduwa da Jessica Pegula a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe kamar yadda suka yi a Indian Wells Open.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4475320/rybakina-cruises-pegula-dominant-to-set-up-miami-showdown|title=Rybakina cruises, Pegula dominant to set up Miami showdown|website=WTA|accessdate=18 March 2026}}</ref> Ta doke Pegula bayan dawowa daga baya a cikin set uku, inda ta sake fuskantar Aryna Sabalenka a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, amma tafiyarta ta ƙare bayan ta sha kashi a set biyu kai tsaye.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4476383/five-in-a-row-rybakina-beats-pegula-again-to-make-miami-semis|title=Five in a row! Rybakina beats Pegula again to make Miami semis|website=WTA|accessdate=26 March 2026}}</ref> Rybakina ta fara kakar wasannin kotun laka a Stuttgart Open a matsayin wadda take matsayi na farko, inda aka ba ta hutun zagaye na farko. Daga nan ta doke Diana Shnaider<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4488911/top-seeded-elena-rybakina-handles-diana-shnaider-to-book-stuttgart-quarters-spot|title=Top-seeded Rybakina handles Shnaider to book Stuttgart quarters spot|website=WTA|accessdate=17 April 2026}}</ref> a zagaye na biyu, ta kubuta daga maki biyu na rashin nasara a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe bayan fafatawar da ta ɗauki sa'o'i uku da Leylah Fernandez, sannan ta doke Mirra Andreeva a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, inda ta kai wasan ƙarshe na uku a wannan shekara.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4489817/rybakina-surges-past-andreeva-to-reach-third-final-of-2026-in-stuttgart|title=Rybakina surges past Andreeva to reach third final of 2026 in Stuttgart|website=WTA|accessdate=18 April 2026}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe, ta doke Karolína Muchová, wadda take matsayi na 7, a set biyu kai tsaye, inda ta lashe Stuttgart Open a karo na biyu a tarihinta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4490060/rybakina-outshines-muchova-in-stuttgart-for-first-repeat-title-13th-overall|title=Rybakina returns to winner's circle in Stuttgart with straight-sets win over Muchova|website=WTA|accessdate=19 April 2026}}</ref> A Madrid, ta doke Elena-Gabriela Ruse,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rybakina, Zheng pull off comebacks in Madrid to set third-round meeting|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4492818/rybakina-zheng-pull-off-comebacks-in-madrid-to-set-third-round-meeting|publisher=WTA|accessdate=29 April 2026}}</ref> da Zheng Qinwen<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rybakina prevails in tight three-setter against Zheng in Madrid|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4494146/rybakina-prevails-in-tight-three-setter-against-zheng-in-madrid|publisher=WTA|accessdate=29 April 2026}}</ref> kafin lucky loser Anastasia Potapova ta ba ta mamaki a zagaye na huɗu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Potapova stuns Rybakina in midnight upset to reach Madrid quarterfinals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4494794/potapova-stuns-rybakina-in-midnight-upset-to-reach-madrid-quarterfinals|publisher=WTA|accessdate=29 April 2026}}</ref> An ba ta hutun zagaye na farko a Rome a matsayin wadda take matsayi na biyu. Daga nan ta doke Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eala reaches new clay milestone in Rome; to face Rybakina in third round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4500567/takeaways-eala-downs-wang-for-milestone-rome-victory|publisher=WTA|accessdate=9 May 2026}}</ref> Alexandra Eala,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rybakina secures tour-leading 29th victory with win over Eala in Rome|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4501540/elena-rybakina-returns-to-rome-final-16-defeats-alexandra-eala-in-29th-win-of-season|publisher=WTA|accessdate=12 May 2026}}</ref> da Karolína Plíšková<ref>{{Cite web|title=Svitolina, Rybakina dominate as quarterfinal clash of past Rome champions awaits|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4502303/elina-svitolina-elena-rybakina-dominate-to-set-rome-quarterfinal-clash-past-champions-pliskova-bartunkova|publisher=WTA|accessdate=12 May 2026}}</ref> duk a set biyu kai tsaye, inda ta kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. A nan ta sha kashi a hannun Elina Svitolina, bayan ta samu nasarar canza maki 4 kacal daga cikin damar break 20.<ref>{{cite web |title=Svitolina saves 16 break points, stuns Rybakina to reach first Rome semifinal since 2018|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4503296/svitolina-saves-16-break-points-stuns-rybakina-to-reach-first-rome-semifinal-since-2018|website=Women's Tennis Association |access-date=May 17, 2026}}</ref> A French Open, Yulia Starodubtseva ta ba ta mamaki a zagaye na biyu, abin da ya zama fitar tata mafi wuri a gasar tun 2020, kuma a babban gasa tun Australian Open na 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4510325/starodubtseva-stuns-no-2-seed-rybakina-in-dramatic-roland-garros-upset|title=Starodubtseva delivers latest upset, edges Rybakina at Roland Garros|publisher=WTA|access-date=29 June 2026}}</ref> Rybakina ta samu sakamako mara kyau a kakar wasannin kotun ciyawa, inda ta sha kashi a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na Queen's Club a hannun fitacciyar 'yar wasan gida Katie Boulter<ref>{{Cite web|title=Boulter upsets top seed Rybakina, Vekic wins doubleheader at Queen's|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4518528/katie-boulter-upsets-top-seed-elena-rybakina-donna-vekic-wins-czech-doubleheader|publisher=WTA|accessdate=29 June 2026}}</ref> sannan a zagaye na biyu na Berlin Open a hannun Alexandra Eala. Wannan shi ne karo na farko tun Maris 2025 da Rybakina ta yi rashin nasara a wasanni biyu a jere.<ref>{{Cite web|title='I'm still shaking': Eala delivers Berlin shocker, ousts World No. 2 Rybakina in straight sets|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4521872/im-still-shaking-eala-delivers-berlin-shocker-ousts-world-no-2-rybakina-in-straight-sets|publisher=WTA|accessdate=29 June 2026}}</ref> A Wimbledon, ta doke Loïs Boisson,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rybakina survives Boisson scare to advance at Wimbledon, notch 300th WTA Tour win|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4528838/rybakina-survives-boisson-scare-to-advance-at-wimbledon|publisher=WTA|access-date=12 August 2026}}</ref> da Caty McNally<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/wimbledon_2026_2R_mcnally_rybakina|title=Rybakina continues Wimbledon winning record|publisher=Wimbledon|access-date=12 August 2026}}</ref> kafin ta sha kashi a hannun Elise Mertens, wanda ya zama karo na biyu a jere da ta fita a zagaye na uku na gasar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/wimbledon_2026_mertens_rybakina_r3|title=Mertens stuns 2022 champion Rybakina|publisher=Wimbledon|access-date=12 August 2026}}</ref> Rybakina kuma tana cikin 'yan wasan da ke neman zama ta 1 a duniya a farkon gasar.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Rybakina can take the No. 1 ranking from Sabalenka at Wimbledon|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526248/how-elena-rybakina-can-take-world-no-1-from-aryna-sabalenka-at-wimbledon|publisher=WTA|access-date=12 August 2026}}</ref> File:Elena Rybakina at the 2026 Wimbledon Championships (1) (cropped).jpg | thumb | right | upright=.7 |Rybakina a gasar Wimbledon ta 2026 A matsayi na biyu, Rybakina ta samu hutun shiga zagaye na biyu na Canadian Open ta 2026. Daga nan ta doke Daria Kasatkina a cikin set uku,<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4554728/58-winners-58-errors-rybakina-delivers-mixed-bag-to-beat-kasatkina-in-toronto|title=58 winners, 58 errors: Rybakina delivers mixed bag to beat Kasatkina in Toronto|publisher=WTA|accessdate=13 August 2026}}</ref> Ann Li a cikin set biyu kai tsaye,<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2026/toronto-daily-recap-served-up-sobeys-day-7-august-7-eala-fernandez-rybakina-jovic|title=Toronto Day 7 Recap Served Up by Sobeys: Fernandez Shocks Andreeva, Eala Fights On|publisher=National Bank Open|accessdate=13 August 2026}}</ref> sannan ta samu nasarar dawowa daga baya a wani wasa mai tsauri da Ludmilla Samsonova, inda ta kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe.<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2026/nbo-toronto-results-day-9-rybakina-gauff-fernandez-eala|title=Rybakina Survives Scare to Reach Quarter-Finals; Eala, Fernandez Eliminated|publisher=National Bank Open|accessdate=13 August 2026}}</ref> A can, ta dawo daga rashin nasara da set ɗaya da break ɗaya a hannun tsohuwar ta 1 a duniya Naomi Osaka, inda ta doke ta a wasa mai tsauri na set uku, ta kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na gasar a karo na uku a jere.<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4557966/rybakina-shows-champions-grit-in-comeback-win-over-osaka-to-reach-toronto-semis|title=Rybakina shows champion's grit in comeback win over Osaka; reaches Toronto semis|publisher=WTA|accessdate=13 August 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2026/toronto-daily-recap-served-up-sobeys-day-11-august-11-rybakina-osaka-gauff-kawhi-leonard|title=Toronto Day 11 Recap Served Up by Sobeys: Gauff, Rybakina Complete Semifinal Bracket|publisher=National Bank Open|accessdate=13 August 2026}}</ref> Ta sake samun nasarar dawowa daga baya a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da Coco Gauff bayan ta rasa set ɗaya, inda ta lashe maki 13 a jere a set na biyu, sannan ta samu nasara a set uku a wasan da ya ƙare kusan ƙarfe 1:00 na dare agogon wurin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/49596853/gauff-drops-3-setter-rybakina-national-bank-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-08-23 |website=www.espn.com|title=Gauff drops 3-setter to Rybakina in National Bank Open semifinals}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe na matakin WTA 1000 na bakwai da ta shiga, ta sha kashi a hannun Iga Świątek.<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4559201/swiatek-ends-yearlong-title-drought-in-toronto-after-sweeping-past-rybakina-in-straight-sets|title=Swiatek wins first title of 2026 after sweeping past Rybakina in Toronto|publisher=WTA|accessdate=17 August 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4558792/by-the-numbers-rybakina-claims-tour-leading-26th-hardcourt-win-to-reach-final|title=By the Numbers: Rybakina claims tour-leading 26th hardcourt win to reach final|publisher=WTA|accessdate=13 August 2026}}</ref> Rybakina tana cikin 'yan wasan da ke neman zama ta 1 a duniya a farkon gasar, amma Aryna Sabalenka ta riƙe matsayinta bayan ta kai zagaye na huɗu.<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4559575/rankings-watch-swiatek-returns-to-top-5-rybakina-narrows-gap-to-no-1|title=Rankings Watch: Swiatek returns to Top 5, Rybakina narrows gap to No. 1|publisher=WTA|accessdate=17 August 2026}}</ref> A Cincinnati Open, Rybakina ta sake samun hutun zagaye na farko a matsayin wadda take matsayi na biyu, sannan ta doke Taylor Townsend,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina stops Townsend in two sets in return to Cincinnati |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4560630/rybakina-stops-townsend-in-return-to-cincinnati |access-date=2026-08-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Magdalena Fręch,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-08-17 |title=Cincinnati Open 2026 — Rybakina Overcomes Rain to Beat Frech; Swiatek Completes Turnaround Against Sakkari |url=https://ground.news/article/live-updates-elena-rybakina-dispatches-frech-in-the-3rd-round-at-the-cincinnati-open-cincinnati-results |access-date=2026-08-23 |website=Ground News |language=en}}</ref> da Diana Shnaider wadda take matsayi na 14,<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=unHVYg1mznA |title=Diana Shnaider vs. Elena Rybakina {{!}} 2026 Cincinnati Round of 16 {{!}} WTA Match Highlights |date=2026-08-19 |last=WTA |access-date=2026-08-23 |via=YouTube}}</ref> duk a cikin set biyu kai tsaye, inda ta kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe. A nan ta sake fuskantar Iga Świątek, wanda ya kasance maimaitawar wasan ƙarshe na makon da ya gabata a Toronto. Bayan Aryna Sabalenka ta sha kashi a zagaye na huɗu na gasar, Rybakina tana buƙatar kaiwa wasan ƙarshe domin ta samu matsayi na 1 a duniya. Sai dai ta janye a set na farko da Świątek bayan ta samu rauni a ƙafarta ta hagu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-08-20 |title=Swiatek reaches Cincinnati semifinals as Rybakina succumbs to left ankle injury |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4563969/swiatek-reaches-cincinnati-semifinals-as-rybakina-succumbs-to-left-ankle-injury |access-date=2026-08-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina ta shiga [[2026 US Open – Women's singles|US Open]] bayan ta shafe cikakkiyar mako ba tare da buga wasa ba saboda raunin da ta samu a Cincinnati.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sode |first=Scott |date=September 7, 2026 |title=From injury scare to world No. 1? Rybakina's 'amazing progress' at US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2026-09-07/from_injury_scare_to_world_no_1_rybakinas_amazing_progress_at_us_open.html |website=US Open}}</ref> Ta doke 'yar wasan da aka ba gurbin shiga na musamman [[Thea Frodin]]<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2026-09-01/elena_rybakina_ousts_serenas_body_double_thea_frodin_at_2026_us_open.html|title=Elena Rybakina ousts Serena’s body double Thea Frodin at 2026 US Open|publisher=US Open|accessdate=1 September 2026}}</ref> da kuma [[Jéssica Bouzas Maneiro|Jessica Bouzas Maniero]]<ref>{{Citeweb|title=Rybakina advances to US Open third round, closing in on No. 1 ranking|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4571925/rybakina-moves-closer-to-no-1-ranking-with-straight-sets-win-at-us-open|publisher=WTA|access-date=4 September 2026}}</ref> domin ta kai zagaye na uku, inda ta doke [[Yulia Starodubtseva]],<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2026-09-05/no_2_seed_rybakina_fends_off_starodubtseva_to_reach_2026_us_open_fourth_round.html|title=No. 2 seed Rybakina fends off Starodubtseva to reach 2026 US Open fourth round|publisher=US Open|access-date=8 September 2026}}</ref> wadda ta sha kashi a hannunta a French Open a farkon shekarar. Daga nan ta kai wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na US Open a karon farko a tarihinta bayan gagarumar nasara da ta samu kan tsohuwar zakara [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sode |first=Scott |date=September 7, 2026 |title=Ruthless Elena Rybakina powers past Osaka to reach 2026 US Open QFs |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2026-09-07/ruthless_elena_rybakina_powers_past_osaka_to_reach_2026_us_open_qfs.html |website=US Open}}</ref> Bayan ta yi rashin nasara a set na farko a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da [[Zheng Qinwen]], ta yi nasarar dawowa ta yi nasara, ta kai wasan kusa da wasan ƙarshe, sannan ta tabbatar da matsayi na [[List of WTA number 1 ranked singles tennis players|1]] a jerin matsayin 'yan wasan WTA.<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2026-09-09/elena_rybakina_defeats_zheng_in_2026_us_open_quarterfinals_to_clinch_no_1_ranking.html|title=Elena Rybakina defeats Zheng in 2026 US Open quarterfinals to clinch No. 1 ranking|publisher=US Open|accessdate=10 September 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4574290/history-maker-elena-rybakina-captures-pif-wta-world-no1-singles-ranking|title=History-maker Elena Rybakina captures PIF WTA World No.1 singles ranking|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=9 September 2026|access-date=9 September 2026|language=en}}</ref> Ta zama 'yar wasa ta 30 da ta kai matsayi na 1, 'yar wasa ta farko da ke wakiltar [[Kazakhstan]] da ta kai wannan matsayi, sannan kuma ta zama 'yar wasa ta biyu mafi tsufa da ta fara zama ta 1 a tarihin WTA, inda [[Angelique Kerber]] ce kaɗai ta fi ta girma lokacin da ta fara zama ta 1.<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4574266/the-long-methodical-road-that-carried-elena-rybakina-to-no-1|title=The long, methodical road that carried Elena Rybakina to No. 1|publisher=WTA|accessdate=10 September 2026}}</ref> Ta sake yin nasarar dawowa daga rashin nasara a kan [[Coco Gauff]] a wasan kusa da wasan ƙarshe, inda ta kai wasan ƙarshe na US Open a karon farko, kuma ta sake haduwa da [[Aryna Sabalenka]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wallace |first=Ava |date=2026-09-11 |title=Elena Rybakina stops Coco Gauff’s U.S. Open surge to face Aryna Sabalenka in the final |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7582161/2026/09/10/us-open-coco-gauff-elena-rybakina-semifinal-result-analysis/ |access-date=2026-09-11 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> A wasan ƙarshe, ta kawo ƙarshen jerin nasarorin Sabalenka na wasanni 19 a US Open, wadda ta kasance zakara sau biyu a jere, inda ta lashe babban kofi na uku a rayuwarta da kuma kambin US Open na farko.<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2026-09-12/rybakina_defeats_two-time_defending_champion_sabalenka_to_win_2026_us_open.html|title=Rybakina defeats two-time defending champion Sabalenka to win 2026 US Open|publisher=US Open|date=13 September 2026|access-date=13 September 2026}}</ref> Ta zama 'yar wasa ta uku a ƙarni na 21, bayan [[Angelique Kerber]] da Sabalenka, da ta lashe [[Australian Open]] da [[US Open (tennis)|US Open]] a cikin shekara guda.<ref name=#USO26Final>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4575707/rybakina-halts-sabalenkas-three-peat-bid-to-capture-first-us-open-title|title=The new No. 1 has a new US Open trophy: Rybakina ends Sabalenka's reign|publisher=WTA|accessdate=12 September 2026}}</ref> ==Salon wasa== [[File:Elena Rybakina Serves at 2024 Brisbane International (cropped).tif|alt=Elena Rybakina tana bugun kwallon tennis a gasar Brisbane International ta 2024|left|thumb|upright=.7|Rybakina tana yin serve a gasar Brisbane International ta 2024]] Tare da ƙwararren serve mai ƙarfi, Rybakina 'yar wasan baya ce mai kai hari, wadda ke ƙoƙarin kammala maki cikin sauri, kuma salon wasanta mai ɗauke da babban haɗari yana haifar da yawan samun maki masu nasara da kuma kura-kuran da ba a tilasta su ba. Tana iya samar da ƙarfi cikin sauƙi, a duka bugun ƙasa da serve.<ref name="baseliner">{{cite web |last1=Biswas |first1=Rudra |title=Strasbourg 2020 final: Elina Svitolina vs Elena Rybakina preview, head-to-head & prediction |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/strasbourg-2020-final-elina-svitolina-vs-elena-rybakina-preview-head-to-head-prediction |website=Sports Keeda |access-date=27 September 2020 |date=26 September 2020}}</ref><ref name="21-and-under">{{cite web |last1=McCarvel |first1=Nick |title=The 21 & Under Club, 2020 Edition: Elena Rybakina |website=Tennis.com |access-date=27 September 2020 |date=27 July 2020 |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/07/21-under-club-2020-edition-elena-rybakina/89733/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Futterman |first=Matthew |date=2025-11-08 |title=Elena Rybakina paints the lines to triumph over Aryna Sabalenka at WTA Tour Finals |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6789352/2025/11/08/sabalenka-rybakina-wta-tour-finals-result-analysis/ |access-date=2025-11-09 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Forehand da backhand ɗinta duk ana buga su a mike, tare da zurfi da sauri ba tare da gajiyawa ba, wanda ke ba ta damar samar da ƙarfi sosai da duka bugun ƙasa nata, kuma tana iya samun maki masu nasara da duka bugun biyu.<ref name="profiler">{{cite web |title=Elena Rybakina |url=https://www.tennisprofiler.com/wtaplayer/Rybakina-Elena |website=Tennis Profiler |access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref> Serve ɗinta, wanda zai iya kaiwa gudun {{cvt|127|mph}},<ref name="espnrybakinachampion"/> yana ba ta damar yin yawan ace. Ta jagoranci gasar wajen yawan ace a shekarar 2020, da ace 192, sannan kuma a shekarar 2025 da ace 516, lokacin da ta zama 'yar wasa ta farko tun Karolína Plíšková a shekarar 2016 da ta buga sama da ace 500 a kakar wasa guda.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DQw8YrYlHH-/ |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref><ref name="stats-2020">{{cite web |title=Stats Hub 2020 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2020 |website=WTA Tennis |access-date=30 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Most aces in 2025: Elena Rybakina becomes first woman in nine years to surpass 500 aces |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/most-aces-in-2025-elena-rybakina-first-woman-in-nine-years-to-surpass-500-aces-taylor-fritz |access-date=2026-04-17 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> A tsawon rayuwarta a WTA Tour, ta buga ace 2,513, wanda shi ne adadi na 9 mafi yawa a gasar tun shekarar 2008. Haka kuma tana da kyakkyawan motsi duk da tsayinta, kodayake wannan yana daga cikin wuraren da ba su da ƙarfi sosai a wasanta.<ref name="now">{{cite web |last=Oddo |first=Chris |date=19 February 2020 |title=Get to Know: 20 Year Old Sensation Elena Rybakina |url=http://www.tennisnow.com/News/2020/February/Get-to-Know-20-Year-Old-Sensation-Elena-Rybakina.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220153534/http://www.tennisnow.com/News/2020/February/Get-to-Know-20-Year-Old-Sensation-Elena-Rybakina.aspx |archive-date=20 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Adriano Albanesi, wani kocin WTA, ya bayyana ta a matsayin "[Petra] Kvitová ta hannun dama".<ref>{{cite web |language=it |last1=Nizegorodcew |first1=Alessandro |title=Rybakina e le altre: chi sono le ragazze pronte per il boom |trans-title=Rybakina and the others: Who are the girls ready for the boom? |url=https://www.supertennis.tv/News/Next-Gen/200226-intervista-coach-Albanesi-non-solo-Rybakina-Next-Gen-Wta |website=Super Tennis |access-date=27 September 2020 |date=25 February 2020}}</ref> Rybakina tana buga wasa cikin natsuwa sosai, kuma ta yi imanin cewa za ta iya doke kowace 'yar wasa.<ref name=kenin/><ref name=21-and-under/><ref name="calm">{{cite web |title=Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships Elena Rybakina |url=http://www.asapsports.com/show_interview.php?id=157238 |website=ASAP Sports |date=20 February 2020 |access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref> ==Masu horaswa== Rybakina ta ɗauki Andrei Chesnokov, wanda ta riga ta yi atisaye tare da shi a Spartak Tennis Club, a matsayin kocinta na musamman a shekarar 2018 tana da shekaru 18. Wannan shi ne karo na farko da ta samu koci na kanta. Chesnokov yana horas da ita ne kawai a Moscow kuma ba ya tafiya tare da ita zuwa gasanni.<ref name=get-to-know/><ref name=ubi/> A watan Fabrairun 2019, Rybakina ta sauya koci zuwa Stefano Vukov, tsohon ɗan wasan tennis ɗan Croatia wanda ya taɓa buga wasanni musamman a gasar ITF Futures na ɗan lokaci.<ref name=school/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |title=Coaching Dossier: Stefano Vukov – 'It's a 24-hour job' |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1654636/coaching-dossier-stefano-vukov-it-s-a-24-hour-job- |website=WTA Tennis |access-date=27 September 2020 |date=9 April 2020}}</ref> Da Vukov a matsayin kocinta na farko da ke tafiya tare da ita, Rybakina ta inganta cikin sauri, inda ta tashi daga kusan matsayi na 200 na farko a jerin WTA zuwa cikin manyan 30 cikin kusan shekara guda.<ref name=get-to-know/><ref name=ubi/> A watan Nuwamba 2024, ta sanar da Goran Ivanišević a matsayin sabon kocinta bayan ta rabu da Vukov bayan US Open na wannan shekarar.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4160951/rybakina-hires-goran-ivanisevic-as-new-coach-in-2025 |title=Rybakina hires Goran Ivanisevic as new coach in 2025 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association |accessdate=1 November 2024}}</ref> Sun yi aiki tare har zuwa lokacin da ta fita daga Australian Open na 2025.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c62eg7vnve5o |title=Ivanisevic stops coaching Rybakina after trial period ends |publisher=BBC |accessdate=23 January 2024}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2025, Rybakina ta sake ɗaukar Vukov a matsayin ƙarin koci; daga baya WTA ta dakatar da shi yayin binciken da aka yi masa ƙarƙashin dokar ɗabi'a,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6034236/2025/01/02/rybakina-vukov-coach-suspended-wta-investigation/ |title=Elena Rybakina's former coach Stefano Vukov suspended by WTA under code of conduct investigation |work=The New York Times |last1=Futterman |first1=Matthew |last2=Eccleshare |first2=Charlie |date=11 February 2025}}</ref> sannan daga baya aka hana shi shiga harkar na tsawon watanni 12, lamarin da ya hana shi samun izinin shiga gasannin da WTA ta amince da su.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6035283/2025/02/11/stefano-vukov-wta-ban-report-elena-rybakina-coach/ |title=WTA bans Stefano Vukov, Elena Rybakina's former coach, for one year after code of conduct investigation |work=The New York Times |last1=Eccleshare |first1=Charlie |last2=Futterman |first2=Matthew |date=18 February 2025}}</ref> A lokacin da ba ya nan, Rybakina ta ɗauki kocin Italiya kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ATP Tour Davide Sanguinetti.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina adds Davide Sanguinetti to her coaching team |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/abu-dhabi-womens-tennis-open-wta-500-wta-tour-news/rybakina-adds-davide-sanguinetti-to-her-coaching-team-806511.html |website=Tennis Majors |access-date=18 November 2025 |date=2 February 2025}}</ref> An cire dokar hana Vukov a watan Agustan wannan shekarar, kuma ya koma horas da Rybakina.<ref>{{cite news |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=8 August 2025 |title=Elena Rybakina's barred coach Stefano Vukov has WTA Tour suspension lifted after appeal |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6542878/2025/08/08/elena-rybakina-coach-suspension-lifted-stefano-vukov-wta |work=The Athletic |publisher=The New York Times |url-access=subscription |access-date=23 August 2025}}</ref> A cewar The Athletic, Rybakina ta gaya wa wasu mutane cewa "dangantakarta da [Vukov] ta zama ta sirri kuma ta soyayya"; an kuma ce sun taɓa raba ɗakin otal a Melbourne a lokacin Australian Open.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Futterman |first1=Matthew |last2=Eccleshare |first2=Charlie |title=The 'relationship of dependence' between a barred coach and a Wimbledon champion |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6136528/2025/02/18/tennis-elena-rybakina-stefano-vukov-ex-coach-banned-wta/ |work=The Athletic |date=18 February 2025}}</ref> A ƙarshen 2025, Rybakina ta kuma ƙara kocin tennis ɗan Ukraine kuma tsohon ɗan wasa Stanislav Khmarskyi cikin tawagar masu horas da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DUTRotKE4-S |access-date=2026-04-17 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref> ==Gasar fafatawa== ===Aryna Sabalenka=== {{Main|Rybakina–Sabalenka rivalry}} Rybakina tana da babbar fafatawa da Aryna Sabalenka, inda 'yan wasan biyu suka fuskanci juna a wasannin ƙarshe na manyan gasa sau uku. Sun buga da juna sau 18 tun daga shekarar 2019, inda Sabalenka ke kan gaba a tarihin wasanninsu da ci 10–8, yayin da Rybakina ke kan gaba a wasannin ƙarshe da ci 5–2.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/324166 |access-date=2025-11-08 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> An san 'yan wasan biyu da salon buga wasan baya mai kai hari, wanda ke haifar da wasanni masu sauri da tsananin fafatawa. Ana ɗaukar wannan fafatawa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyau a zamaninsu.<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/sabalenka-avenges-ao-defeat-rybakina-wtas-best-rivalry|title=Sabalenka avenges AO defeat to Rybakina in WTA’s best rivalry|publisher=Australian Open|accessdate=29 August 2026|date=17 March 2026|language=en}}</ref> Sun fuskanci juna a wasannin ƙarshe na manyan gasa sau uku, wato Australian Open na 2023,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sabalenka holds off Rybakina to win Australian Open, first Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |access-date=18 April 2026 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association |archive-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328084008/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |url-status=live}}</ref> wanda Sabalenka ta lashe, Australian Open na 2026,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4442160/rybakina-earns-place-among-games-elites-with-first-australian-open-second-major-title|title=Rybakina outlasts Sabalenka in three sets to capture first Australian Open title|website=wtatennis.com|date=31 January 2026|accessdate=31 January 2026}}</ref> da US Open na 2026,<ref name=#USO26Final/> inda Rybakina ta lashe biyun ƙarshe. Sauran manyan fafatawarsu sun haɗa da wasan ƙarshe na Indian Wells Open na 2023,<ref>{{cite web |title=The making of a great Rybakina-Sabalenka rivalry |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3117793/were-pushing-each-other-the-making-of-a-great-rybakina-sabalenka-rivalry |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na Madrid Open na 2024,<ref>{{cite web |title=Rivalry Rewind: Sabalenka and Rybakina's battles through the years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3991425/rivalry-rewind-sabalenka-and-rybakina-s-battles-through-the-years |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> wasan ƙarshe na WTA Finals na 2025,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hashim |first=Taha |date=2025-11-08 |title=WTA Finals tennis: Elena Rybakina rocks Aryna Sabalenka to claim title – live |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2025/nov/08/wta-finals-tennis-aryna-sabalenka-elena-rybakina-final |access-date=2025-11-08 |work=the Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> da kuma wasan ƙarshe na Indian Wells Open na 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Powers |first=Shad |title=Sabalenka outlasts Rybakina for first BNP Paribas Open title in Indian Wells |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/sports/tennis/bnp/2026/03/15/sabalenka-outlasts-rybakina-for-first-bnp-paribas-open-title-in-indian-wells/89169075007/ |access-date=2026-03-15 |website=The Desert Sun |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mahoney |first=Brian |date=September 12, 2026 |title=Elena Rybakina beats Aryna Sabalenka to win the US Open title and punctuate her rise to No. 1 |url=https://apnews.com/article/us-open-womens-final-sabalenka-rybakina-521adac24c4f6350c07bdd914cd83b97}}</ref> ===Iga Świątek=== Rybakina ta kuma haɓaka gagarumar fafatawa da Iga Świątek. Sun hadu sau 14 tun daga shekarar 2021, inda Świątek ke kan gaba a tarihin wasanninsu da ci 8–6 a gasannin hukuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=20 August 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Ana ɗokin kallon wasanninsu sosai saboda bambancin salon wasansu da kuma matsayinsu na sama a jerin 'yan wasan duniya.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek y Rybakina, cara a cara en cuartos de Doha |date=12 February 2025 |url=https://as.com/tenis/mas_tenis/swiatek-y-rybakina-cara-a-cara-en-cuartos-de-doha-n/ |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> Rybakina ce ke kan gaba a farkon shekarun fafatawarsu kafin Świątek ta fara yin nisa a gaba. Świątek ta doke Rybakina domin lashe kambinta na bakwai na WTA 1000 a Qatar Open na 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Bayan ta sha kashi sau huɗu a jere a hannun Świątek a shekarar 2025, Rybakina ta dawo daga rashin nasara da set ɗaya, inda ta samu nasararta ta biyar a kanta a matakin rukuni na WTA Finals na 2025 a Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina ta sake doke Świątek, a cikin set biyu kai tsaye, a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na Australian Open na 2026<!-- to reach her first Grand Slam semifinal since the 2024 Wimbledon-->,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> wanda daga ƙarshe ta lashe. A watan Agustan 2026, Świątek ta doke Rybakina a cikin set biyu kai tsaye domin lashe Canadian Open a Toronto, wanda ya zama kambinta na farko a matakin WTA Tour a shekarar 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women’s singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> ==Tallafin talla== [[File:Elena Rybakina 2023 stamp of Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|right|upright=.7|Rybakina a kan tambarin Kazakhstan na shekarar 2023]] Yonex ta dauki nauyin Rybakina wajen samar mata da tufafi da takalma tun daga [[2023 French Open]].<ref>{{cite web |title=From Adidas to Yonex: Elena Rybakina shocks with clothing sponsor switch at Roland Garros – Women's Tennis Blog |url=https://womenstennisblog.com/2023/05/30/elena-rybakina-leaves-adidas-for-yonex/ |website=womenstennisblog.com |date=30 May 2023}}</ref> A baya Adidas ta dauki nauyinta tun farkon shekarar 2020, sannan Nike ma ta taba daukar nauyinta.<ref name="adidas">{{cite web |title=New year sees group of WTA stars switch from Nike |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/86745/nike-caroline-garcia-tomljanovic-maria-sakkari-adidas |website=Baseline Tennis |access-date=27 September 2020 |date=10 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030083912/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/86745/nike-caroline-garcia-tomljanovic-maria-sakkari-adidas |archive-date=30 October 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Tana amfani da raket din Yonex VCore 100.<ref>{{cite web |title=Elena Rybakina |url=https://www.yonex.com/athletes/details/?athlete_id=236 |website=Yonex |access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref> Daga shekarar 2023 zuwa 2025, Red Bull ce ta dauki nauyinta,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elena Rybakina |url=https://www.redbull.com/us-en/athlete/elena-rybakina |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Red Bull |language=en-us}}</ref> sannan tun farkon shekarar 2026 ta fara aiki tare da kamfanin kera agogon alatu na Switzerland, Vanguart.<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://www.jckonline.com/editorial-article/elena-rybakina-vanguart-orb/|title=Elena Rybakina Claims Australian Open Title Wearing $230K Watch|publisher=jckonline|accessdate=30 August 2026}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Janairu 2023, Rybakina ta zama jakadiyar Bank RBK.<ref>{{Cite web |language=ru |url=https://www.zakon.kz/6382397-pervaya-raketka-kazakhstana-elena-rybakina-stala-ambassadorom-Bank-RBK.html |title=Первая ракетка Казахстана Елена Рыбакина стала амбассадором Bank RBK |website=www.zakon.kz |date=2023-01-24 |access-date= |archive-date=2023-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131152047/https://www.zakon.kz/6382397-pervaya-raketka-kazakhstana-elena-rybakina-stala-ambassadorom-Bank-RBK.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> Tun daga watan Satumba na 2024, ta kuma kasance jakadiyar kamfanin Lexus a hukumance. A matsayin wani bangare na hadin gwiwar, Rybakina tana aiki tare da kamfanin wajen tallafa wa shirin 'Tennis for Life by Lexus'.<ref>{{Citeweb|title=Elena Rybakina has become the Lexus ambassador in Kazakhstan.|url=https://ru.lexuskz.com/discover-lexus/news/2024/elena-rybakina|website=lexuskz|access-date=30 August 2026|language=Russian}}</ref> Kamfanin IZI na Kazakhstan ma yana daukar nauyinta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DQzmX7NDLPq/ |access-date=2026-08-30 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref> A watan Maris 2023, Rybakina ta bayar da gudummawar [[Kazakhstani tenge|₸]]35 miliyan ga 'yan wasan tennis mata masu tasowa a Kazakhstan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina Donates ₸35M to Rising Tennis Players in Kazakhstan – Qazaqstan Monitor |url=https://qazmonitor.com/people/1563/rybakina-donates-kazakhstani-tenge35m-to-rising-tennis-players-in-kazakhstan |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=qazmonitor.com}}</ref> An sanya Rybakina a matsayin 'yar wasa mace ta 9 mafi samun kudin shiga a shekarar 2023.<ref>{{Citeweb|title=The World’s Highest-Paid Female Athletes 2023|url=https://www.forbesmiddleeast.com/lifestyle/sports/the-worlds-highest-paid-female-athletes-2023-1|publisher=Forbes|access-date=30 August 2026}}</ref> Bayan ta koma matsayi na 15 a shekara ta gaba,<ref>{{Citeweb|title=Elena Rybakina|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/elena-rybakina/|publisher=Forbes|access-date=30 August 2026}}</ref> ta sake komawa cikin 10 na farko a matsayin 'yar wasa ta 8 mafi samun kudin shiga a shekarar 2025, bayan ta lashe [[2025 WTA Finals]], wanda ya ba ta mafi girman kudin kyauta guda daya da aka taba samu a tarihin wasannin mata.<ref>{{Citeweb|title=The World’s Highest-Paid Female Athletes 2025|url=https://forbesmiddleeast.com/lifestyle/sports/the-worlds-highest-paid-female-athletes-2025|publisher=Forbes|access-date=30 August 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DQzmX7NDLPq/ |access-date=2026-08-30 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref> ==Kididdigar wasannin sana'a== ===Tsarin sakamakon gasar Grand Slam=== {{performance key|short=yes}} ====Wasan marasa aure==== {|class="wikitable nowrap" style=text-align:center !Gasa !2018 !2019 !2020 !2021 !2022 !2023 !2024 !2025 !2026 !{{Abbr|SR|Yawan shiga zagayen karshe}} !{{Abbr|W–L|Nasara–rashi}} !Yawan nasara |- |style="text-align:left; background:#eaecf0" |Australian Open |A |Q1 |style=background:#afeeee|3R |style=background:#afeeee|2R |style=background:#afeeee|2R |style=background:thistle|F |style=background:#afeeee|2R |style=background:#afeeee|4R |style=background:lime|'''W''' |1 / 7 |21–6 |{{tennis win percentage|won=21|lost=6|integer=yes}} |- |style="text-align:left; background:#eaecf0" |French Open |A |style=background:#afeeee|1R |style=background:#afeeee|2R |style=background:#ffebcd|QF |style=background:#afeeee|3R |style=background:#afeeee|3R {{efn|group=lower-roman|1=Rybakina withdrew before her third round match due to illness, and it is not counted as a loss.}} |style=background:#ffebcd|QF |style=background:#afeeee|4R |style=background:#afeeee|2R |0 / 8 |17–7 |{{tennis win percentage|won=17|lost=7|integer=yes}} |- |style="text-align:left; background:#eaecf0" |Wimbledon |A |Q3 |style=color:#767676|NH |style=background:#afeeee|4R |style=background:lime|'''W''' |style=background:#ffebcd|QF |style=background:yellow|SF |style=background:#afeeee|3R |style=background:#afeeee|3R |1 / 6 |23–5 |{{tennis win percentage|won=23|lost=5|integer=yes}} |- |style="text-align:left; background:#eaecf0" |US Open |Q2 |style=background:#afeeee|1R |style=background:#afeeee|2R |style=background:#afeeee|3R |style=background:#afeeee|1R |style=background:#afeeee|3R{{efn|group=lower-roman|1=Rybakina advanced via walkover in her second-round match, and it is not counted as a win.}} |bgcolor=afeeee|2R{{efn|group=lower-roman|1=Rybakina withdrew before her second-round match due to illness, and it is not counted as a loss.}} |style=background:#afeeee|4R |style=background:lime|'''W''' |1 / 8 |15–6 |{{tennis win percentage|won=15|lost=6|integer=yes}} |- style="background:#eaecf0;font-weight:bold" |style="text-align:left" |Nasara–rashi |0–0 |0–2 |4–3 |10–4 |10–3 |13–3 |11–3 |11–4 |17–2 |3 / 29 |76–24 |{{tennis win percentage|won=76|lost=24|integer=yes}} |} ====Wasan biyu==== {|class="wikitable nowrap" style=text-align:center |- !Gasa !2019 !2020 !2021 !2022 !2023 !{{Abbr|SR|Yawan shiga zagayen karshe}} !{{Abbr|W–L|Nasara–rashi}} !Yawan nasara |- |style="text-align:left; background:#eaecf0" |Australian Open |A |style=background:#afeeee|2R |style=background:#afeeee|1R |A |style=background:#afeeee|3R |0 / 3 |3–3 |{{tennis win percentage|won=3|lost=3|integer=yes}} |- |style="text-align:left; background:#eaecf0" |French Open |A |bgcolor=#afeeee|1R |bgcolor=#ffebcd|QF |bgcolor=#afeeee|1R |A |0 / 3 |3–3 |{{tennis win percentage|won=3|lost=3|integer=yes}} |- |style="text-align:left; background:#eaecf0" |Wimbledon |A |style=color:dimGrey|NH |style=background:#afeeee|1R |A |A |0 / 1 |0–1 |{{tennis win percentage|won=0|lost=1|integer=yes}} |- |style="text-align:left; background:#eaecf0" |US Open |bgcolor=afeeee|1R |A |A |A |A |0 / 1 |0–1 |{{tennis win percentage|won=0|lost=1|integer=yes}} |- style="font-weight:bold; background:#eaecf0;" |style="text-align:left"|Nasara–rashi |0–1 |1–2 |3–3 |0–1 |2–1 |0 / 8 |6–8 |{{tennis win percentage|won=6|lost=8|integer=yes}} |} <small>'''Lura''': Rybakina ta sauya wakilci daga Rasha zuwa Kazakhstan a watan Yuni 2018.</small> {{notelist|group=lower-roman}} ===Wasannin karshe na gasar Grand Slam=== ====Wasan marasa aure: 4 (kambuna 3, ta zo ta biyu sau 1)==== {|class="sortable wikitable" |- !Sakamako !Shekara !Gasa !Filin wasa !Abokiyar hamayya !class=unsortable|Sakamako |- |bgcolor=98fb98|Nasara |2022 |style=background:#cfc|Wimbledon |Ciyawa |{{flagicon|TUN}} Ons Jabeur |3–6, 6–2, 6–2 |- |bgcolor=ffa07a|Rashi |2023 |style=background:#ffc|Australian Open |Hard |{{flagicon|}} Aryna Sabalenka |6–4, 3–6, 4–6 |- |bgcolor=98fb98|Nasara |2026 |style=background:#ffc|Australian Open |Hard |{{flagicon|}} Aryna Sabalenka |6–4, 4–6, 6–4 |- |bgcolor=98fb98|Nasara |2026 |style=background:#ccf|US Open |Hard |{{flagicon|}} Aryna Sabalenka |6–4, 5–7, 6–2 |} ===Gasar zakarun karshen shekara=== ====Wasan marasa aure: 1 (kambu)==== {|class="wikitable" |- !Sakamako !Shekara !Gasa !Filin wasa !Abokiyar hamayya !class=unsortable|Sakamako |- |bgcolor=98fb98|Nasara |2025 |style=background:#ffffcc|WTA Finals, Saudi Arabia |Hard (i) |{{flagicon|}} Aryna Sabalenka |6–3, 7–6^(7–0) |} ===Bayanan tarihi da nasarori=== ====Bayanan tarihin Open Era==== * An samu wannan tarihi ne a zamanin [[Open Era]] na wasan tennis. * Bayanai a cikin '''rubutu mai kauri''' suna nuna nasarorin da babu wani dan wasa da ya yi daidai da su. {|class="wikitable" |- !Gasa !Shekarar da aka samu !Tun daga !Bayanan tarihin da aka samu !'Yan wasan da suka yi daidai !Manazarta |- |- | rowspan="2" |'''Grand Slam events''' | rowspan="1" |2026 | 1988||Ta lashe Australian Open da US Open a cikin shekarar kalanda guda||Steffi Graf, Monica Seles, Martina Hingis, Angelique Kerber, Aryna Sabalenka | <ref name=#USO26Final/> |- |} ==Kyaututtuka== * [[File:OrdenDostik.png|frameless|upright=.15|OrdenDostik]] [[Order of Friendship (Kazakhstan)]] II degree – ''2022<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-11 |title=Tokayev awarded Elena Rybakina with the Order of Dostyk |url=https://www.zakon.kz/6019320-tokaev-nagradil-elenu-rybakinu-ordenom-dostyk.html |website=www.zakon.kz |access-date=2026-09-16 |archive-date=2022-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711140724/https://www.zakon.kz/6019320-tokaev-nagradil-elenu-rybakinu-ordenom-dostyk.html |url-status=dead}}</ref>'' * [[File:OrdenBars 1kl rib.png|frameless|upright=.2|OrdenBars 1kl rib]] [[Order of the Leopard (Kazakhstan)|Order of Barys (Kazakhstan)]] III degree – ''2025''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DQztJKaCHRj |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref>''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-09 |title=Tokayev congratulated Rybakina on her victory at the WTA Finals and awarded her the Barys Order |url=https://www.zakon.kz/politika/6019191-kasym-zhomart-tokaev-pobesedoval-s-pobeditelnitsei-wimbledon-elenoi-rybakinoi.html |website=www.zakon.kz}}</ref>'' == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] f0flxgsazdgjp9mzkverqnrvzcheivf 0 171913 961529 938215 2026-10-01T18:42:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961529 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Delia Garlic''' (c. 1837 - ?) mace ce da ta kasance bautar da ta fito daga Virginia. Garlic an fi saninta da labarin farko game da [[Bauta a Amurka|Bautar]], Yaƙin basasa, da kuma 'yanci bayan' yanci. A shekara ta 1937 lokacin da take da shekaru ɗari, Shirin Marubutan Tarayya na The Works Project Administration ya rubuta tarihin baki, a [[Montgomery|Montgomery, Alabama]] . A lokacin wannan shaidar, ta ba da shaidar mutum na farko game da mummunar [[Cinikin bayi a Amurka|Cinikin bayi]], "lokacin da aka kwace jarirai daga ƙirjinsu," da kuma sayar da su sau shida kafin 'yanci.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title=Image 135 of Federal Writers' Project: Slave Narrative Project, Vol. 1, Alabama, Aarons-Young |url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/mesn.010/?sp=135 |website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Library of Congress |date=1936 |title=Delia Garlic, Age 100 |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/mesnp010129/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Niven |first=Steven J. |date=May 31, 2013 |title=Garlic, Delia T. |url=https://oxfordaasc.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.001.0001/acref-9780195301731-e-36884 |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Oxford African American Studies Center |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.36884 |isbn=978-0-19-530173-1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=New Orleans Slave Trade |title=6a. FIRST-PERSON TESTIMONY: DELIA GARLIC |url=https://www.oncell.com/sr/CBlEi/?lang=en |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=NOLA Slave Marker and Tour App 2018 |format=audio}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Montgomery Advertiser |date=June 3, 2019 |title=Where was the Lord? Four slave testimonies |url=https://www.montgomeryadvertiser.com/videos/news/2019/06/01/where-lord-four-slave-testimonies/1310419001/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Montgomery Advertiser |language=en-US}}</ref> == Shirin Marubutan Tarayya == Tsakanin 1936 da 1938, The Works Project Administration (WPA) ya aika da marubuta a duk faɗin ƙasar don yin hira da talakawa game da abubuwan da suka faru da tarihin rayuwarsu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shaw |first=Stephanie J. |date=2003 |title=Using the WPA Ex-Slave Narratives to Study the Impact of the Great Depression |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30040012 |journal=The Journal of Southern History |volume=69 |issue=3 |pages=623–658 |doi=10.2307/30040012 |issn=0022-4642 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Margaret Fowler ta yi hira da Delia Garlic don FWP, kuma hira ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin daruruwan da suka faru a cikin wannan aikin.<ref name="auto1" /> An lura da hira da Garlic a matsayin mai mahimmanci saboda yadda ta nuna rayuwarta a ƙarƙashin bautar. Har yanzu ana ɗaukar labarinta a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmancin da aka rubuta a lokacin aikin FWP".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Timbs |first=Elizabeth |last2=Glovsky |first2=David |date=2024 |title=Delia Garlic |url=https://enslaved.org/fullStory/16-23-92878/ |access-date=March 21, 2024 |website=Enslaved.org}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == A lokacin hira ta 1937, Garlic tana da shekara ɗari, amma ta sami damar ba da labarin yawancin abubuwan da ta samu daga farkon rayuwarta a matsayin bawa.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Fredericksburg Area Museum &#124; AMW3 The Trade in Enslaved People |url=https://famva.org/amw3-the-trade-in-enslaved-people/}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An haifi Garlic a shekara ta 1837 a matsayin ƙarami cikin yara goma sha uku ga wata mace mai bautar a Powhatan, Virginia . <ref name="Garlic, Delia T">{{Cite web |title=Garlic, Delia T |url=https://oxfordaasc.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.001.0001/acref-9780195301731-e-36884}}</ref> Masu bautar bayi sun dauki garlic tun tana jariri, kuma ba ta san goma sha ɗaya daga cikin 'yan uwanta goma sha uku ko mahaifinta ba. Ita, tare da mahaifiyarta da ɗan'uwanta William, an kai su gwanjo a Richmond, Virginia, inda aka sayar da su ga bawan su, wani sheriff na Henrico County mai suna Carter. A cikin wannan sayan, an ajiye Garlic tare da mahaifiyarta, amma an raba ta da ɗan'uwanta, wanda ba za ta sake gani ba ko tuntuɓar ta. Garlic ce ke da alhakin kula da jikokin Carter a farkon shekarunta. A wani lokaci a cikin hira da FWP, ta tuna lokacin da yaron ya ji rauni a hannunta, kuma bi da bi, mahaifiyar yaron ta zaɓi "karɓar ƙarfe mai zafi kuma ta gudu shi duka a hannun [Garlic] da hannu". <ref name="auto1" />Wannan cin zarafin ya ci gaba har ma bayan Carter ya sake yin aure, tare da bulala da yawa na jiki sakamakon zaɓin kayan shafa na Garlic. A wani lamari, sabuwar matar Carter ta sami kayan shafa na Garlic ya yi kama da nata.<ref name="jstor.org">{{Cite journal |last=Bruce |first=Dickson D. |date=1974 |title=Religion, Society and Culture in the Old South: A Comparative View |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2711655 |journal=American Quarterly |volume=26 |issue=4 |pages=399–416 |doi=10.2307/2711655 |issn=0003-0678 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> A sakamakon haka, ta yi ihu ga Garlic, tana mai cewa "Kai baƙar fata shaidan, zan nuna muku yadda za a yi wa masu cinikinku ba'a" kuma ta kai mata hari ta hanyar buga kanta da itace. <ref name="auto1" /> <ref name="jstor.org" /> Bayan shekaru na cin zarafi a hannun Carter da matansa, Garlic ya yi ƙoƙari ya tsere wa bawanta bayan wani takamaiman misali inda ya yi barazanar samun mai kula ya doke ta a cikin kimanin 1860. Duk da wannan ƙoƙari, ta koma ga baiwarta, kuma an sake kai ta ga gwanjo.<ref name="auto" /> Bayan an ɗauke ta daga Carter kuma zuwa gwanjo, a bayyane yake ga Garlic cewa wannan zai zama karo na karshe da za ta taɓa ganin mahaifiyarta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Enslaved: Peoples of the Historical Slave Trade |url=https://enslaved.org/fullStory/16-23-92878/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=enslaved.org |language=en}}</ref> A lokacin da take da shekara ɗari, Garlic har yanzu tana tunawa da kalmomin ƙarshe da mahaifiyarta ta yi mata magana. A cikin hira da FWP, ta bayyana cewa mahaifiyarta ta gaya mata ta "Ka kasance mai kyau a cikin de Lawd".<ref name="auto1" />Ta kuma ci gaba da bayyana cewa wannan amincewa da Allah yana daya daga cikin kawai abubuwan da bautar za ta iya riƙewa. "Trustin' kawai fata ne na de pore black critters a cikin kwanakin dem. Mu yi addu'a don ƙarfi don jimrewa da shi. Ba mu 'yi kama ba' amma mu kasance a cikin bauta har sai mun mutu. "<ref name="auto1" /> An sayar da garlic ga mutane da yawa bayan wannan lamarin, gami da mai otal na Georgia, dan kasuwa, kuma a ƙarshe mai shuka mai suna Garlic a Louisiana. A lokacin da take gonar Garlic, Delia Garlic ta ce "ba ta san wani ba' 'tsuntsu don aiki".[1]Garlic za ta yi aiki daga farkon safiya, sau da yawa tana farawa da rana a kusa da 3 zuwa 4 na safe.[2] Duk da yin aiki na dogon lokaci ga baiwarta, ita da sauran bayi a gonar sun bar ba tare da wani kayan abinci ba don dafa abinci a cikin ɗakunan su. Garlic ta auri wani mutum daga wani shuka mai suna Chatfield a cikin shekarun da suka kai ga Yaƙin basasa, amma ba ta sake ganinsa ba bayan an tilasta masa yin hidima ga Confederates a 1861. <ref name="Garlic, Delia T" /> Daga baya ta auri wani mutum mai suna Miles Garlic, tare da wanda ta haifi akalla 'ya'ya biyu.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web |title=Enslaved: Peoples of the Historical Slave Trade |url=https://enslaved.org/fullStory/16-23-92878/ |website=enslaved.org}}</ref> == Kyauta == Ko da a lokutan Babban Mawuyacin hali, rayuwar Garlic ta inganta a cikin duniyar bayan 'yanci. Garlic an san ta da cewa ta kasance "mai cin farin burodi yanzu a' havin' mafi kyawun lokacin rayuwarta".[her]<ref name="auto1" /><ref name="Garlic, Delia T" /> Labarin Garlic ya ba da haske game da yadda rayuwa take ga bayi da iyalansu, da kuma tasirin bautar har ma bayan an ba da 'yanci. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] g2dza724mpzsgr51svog96dytbumjy7 0 172048 961637 938752 2026-10-02T00:58:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Edwar Husain Quiroga Vargas''' (an haife shi Joys Edwar Quiroga vargas, 1 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1976) ɗan gwagwarmayar Islama ce ta Peru <ref>{{Cite web |last=PERU21 |first=NOTICIAS |date=2019-03-28 |title=El operador islámico que promueve ahora la violencia en Las Bambas {{!}} POLITICA |url=https://peru21.pe/politica/operador-islamico-promueve-violencia-bambas-comunidad-fuerabamba-468370-noticia/ |access-date=2021-06-15 |website=Peru21 |language=es}}</ref> kuma ɗan siyasa wanda shine wanda ya kafa Inkarri Islam, ƙungiyar da ba ta da riba wacce ke da niyyar haɗa ra'ayoyin al'adun Andean da ka'idodin Islama. An bayyana Quiroga Vargas a matsayin mai bin Marxism-Leninism, wanda ke da tausayi ga [[Hezbollah]] da [[Iran|Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Edwar Quiroga, el místico marxista leninista |url=https://www.americatv.com.pe/noticias/actualidad/edwar-quiroga-mistico-marxista-leninista-n440565 |access-date=2021-06-15 |website=América Noticias |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-29 |title=TERRORISMO ISLÁMICO CHIÍTA SE HACE "PRESENTE" EN CONFLICTO DE LAS BAMBAS CON SU CUOTA DE AGITACIÓN SOCIAL |url=https://www.rcrperu.com/terrorismo-islamico-chiita-se-hace-presente-en-conflicto-de-las-bambas-con-su-cuota-de-agitacion-social/ |access-date=2021-06-15 |website=RCR Peru |language=es}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == An haife shi a ranar 1 ga Janairun 1976, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=:: JNE :: |url=http://aplicaciones002.jne.gob.pe/hdverm2010/public/verhojadevida.aspx?ID_CANDIDATO=10603&ID_ORG_POLITICA=1321 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615025528/http://aplicaciones002.jne.gob.pe/hdverm2010/public/verhojadevida.aspx?ID_CANDIDATO=10603&ID_ORG_POLITICA=1321 |archive-date=2021-06-15 |access-date=2021-06-15 |website=aplicaciones002.jne.gob.pe}}</ref> Quiroga Vargas ya kafa [[Kechwa Apurímac Integration Movement]] kuma ya kasance jagoranta daga 2006 zuwa 2010. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cabral |first=Ernesto |date=2019-04-02 |title=Los actores políticos detrás del complejo conflicto en Las Bambas |url=https://ojo-publico.com/1129/los-actores-politicos-detras-del-complejo-conflicto-en-las-bambas |access-date=2021-06-15 |website=Ojo Público |language=es}}</ref> Ya yi takara a matsayin dan takarar Ethnocacerist Movement don shugabancin yankin Apurimac a shekara ta 2010. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Durmiendo con el enemigo {{!}} EL MONTONERO |url=https://elmontonero.pe/columnas/durmiendo-con-el-enemigo-2 |access-date=2021-06-15 |website=EL MONTONERO {{!}} Primer Portal de opinión del país |language=es}}</ref> A cikin 2017, ya shirya Taron Kasa na Farko don Decolonization na Peru da Tahuantinsuyo inda ya yi "kira don hadin kan dakarun zamantakewa da suka himmatu ga kwace da dawo da ikon mallaka da kuma tabbatar da kansu na mutanen Peru da Tahuentinsuyu" wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar "ruhun 'yanci da kuma decolonizing na Tupac Amaru II".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Unknown |date=2017-02-07 |title=EDWAR QUIROGA VARGAS (Político): I CONGRESO NACIONAL POR LA DES-COLONIZACIÓN DEL PERÚ Y DEL TAHUANTINSUYU |url=https://quirogayaku.blogspot.com/2017/02/i-congreso-nacional-por-la-des.html |access-date=2021-06-15 |website=EDWAR QUIROGA VARGAS (Político)}}</ref> A cikin zanga-zangar Las Bambas, ya jagoranci bayan kama shugaban zanga-zambe Gregorio Rojas. A lokacin zanga-zangar, ya ba da jawabi yana kira ga "haɗin jama'a da sojoji" a kan "kamfanoni masu mulkin mallaka".<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 March 2019 |title=El operador islámico que promueve ahora la violencia en Las Bambas |url=https://peru21.pe/politica/operador-islamico-promueve-violencia-bambas-comunidad-fuerabamba-468370-noticia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210531054715/https://peru21.pe/politica/operador-islamico-promueve-violencia-bambas-comunidad-fuerabamba-468370-noticia/ |archive-date=2021-05-31 |access-date=15 June 2021 |website=PERU21}}</ref> A lokacin Zaben shugaban kasa na Peru na 2021, ya amince da takarar Pedro Castillo na Free Peru, wanda ya dauka "ɗan'uwansa a cikin gwagwarmaya".<ref>{{Cite web |last=PERU21 |first=NOTICIAS |date=2021-05-26 |title=Pedro Castillo {{!}} Perú Libre {{!}} Inkarri Islam {{!}} Edwar Quiroga Vargas {{!}} Operador islámico en campaña por Perú Libre y Pedro Castillo {{!}} Elecciones 2021 {{!}} POLITICA |url=https://peru21.pe/politica/pedro-castillo-peru-libre-inkarri-islam-edwar-quiroga-vargas-operador-islamico-en-campana-por-peru-libre-y-pedro-castillo-elecciones-2021-noticia/ |access-date=2021-06-15 |website=Peru21 |language=es}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>A lokacin shirin da Beto Ortíz ya shirya, an buga sauti inda Quiroga Vargas ya bayyana niyyarsa na aiwatar da "tsarin juyin juya hali".[es]<ref>{{Cite web |last=OJO |first=NOTICIAS |date=2021-06-15 |title=Edwar Quiroga Vargas de ganar Pedro Castillo: "Es la oportunidad para un proceso revolucionario" {{!}} ACTUALIDAD |url=https://ojo.pe/actualidad/edwar-quiroga-vargas-de-ganar-pedro-castillo-es-la-oportunidad-para-un-proceso-revolucionario-web-ojo-noticia/ |access-date=2021-06-15 |website=Ojo |language=es}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] 5hxp4eb2uf6qp0z5cfxfhy28cg5x5q9 0 172514 961512 940386 2026-10-01T18:20:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961512 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>dazuzzukan Newfoundland Highland yanki ne na taiga wanda ke tsibirin Newfoundland a Newfoundland da Labrador, [[Kanada]] . Yana da jimlar yanki na kadada 4,031,999 (hectare 1,631,692). {{Databox}} == Yankin == Yankin wannan yankin yafi tsakanin mita 300 da 700 sama da matakin teku. Ana nuna shi da dutse mai tsawo, mai tsawo na Palaeozoic da Precambrian, yawanci tsirara ko tsirara.<ref name="eoearth1">{{Cite web}}</ref> == Yanayi == Lokacin hunturu yana da dusar ƙanƙara da sanyi, kuma lokacin rani yana da sanyi. Yankin yana karɓar tsakanin 1,000 da 1,400 millimeters ma'ana ruwan sama na shekara-shekara.<ref name="eoearth1" /> Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara: 4 °C Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na lokacin rani: 11.5 °C zuwa 12 °C Matsakaiciyar yanayin zafi na hunturu: -3.5 °C to -4 °C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {| class="wikitable" !Irin wannan !Rukunin !Jan !Fabrairu !Tekun !Afrilu !Mayu !Yuni !Yuli !Aug !Satumba !Oktoba !Nuwamba !Disamba !Lokacin |- |Lokaci na Ƙananan |°F |10.2 |7.8 |14.9 |26.4 |34.7 |43.6 |51.7 |51.6 |44.9 |35.8 |27.2 |18.3 |1991–2009 |- |Matsakaicin Lokaci |°F |17.1 |15.4 |22.4 |33.8 |43.4 |52.9 |60.3 |59.7 |51.9 |41.6 |32.4 |23.3 |1974–2009 |- |Max Lokaci |°F |24.9 |24.1 |30.9 |40.9 |52.4 |62.6 |69.7 |69 |60.8 |48.8 |38.8 |30.5 |1994–2009 |- |Gishiri |Kwanaki |31 |28.2 |31 |30 |28.3 |14.9 |1.7 |3.4 |11 |27.9 |30 |31 |1901–2009 |- |Ruwa |Kwanaki |24.2 |17.5 |15.2 |12.5 |13.9 |13.8 |13.8 |13.9 |17.5 |19 |20.4 |23.7 |1901–2009 |- |Ruwan sama |a cikin |5.3 |3.6 |3.3 |2.7 |2.9 |3.6 |3.8 |4.1 |4.2 |4.9 |5 |5 |1901–2009 |} Yankin ya ƙunshi gandun daji na boreal tare da dwarf black spruce (''Picea mariana'') da balsam fir (''Abies balsamea''), dwarf kalmia (''Kalmia polyfolia''), da kuma mosses daban-daban. Za'a iya samun shrubs masu tsami da tsire-tsire daban-daban a wuraren da aka fallasa. Ana samun Hare na Arctic (''Lepus arcticus'') a wannan yankin. Yana da iyakar kudancin su ga kewayon su. Sauran nau'o'in sun hada da: * Goose na Kanada (''Branta canadensis'') * Babban ƙaho mai ƙaho (''Bubo virginianus'') * Tsuntsu mai launin ruwan kasa (''Molothrus ater'') * Hare mai dusar ƙanƙara (''Lepus americanus'') * Caribou (''Rangifer tarandus'') * Red fox (''Vulpes vulpes'') * Newfoundland pine marten (Martes americana atrata) == Karewa == Yankin yana fuskantar barazanar karuwar girbi na itace don katako da masana'antar katako da takarda. Mafi yawan tsaunuka suna fuskantar barazanar abubuwan hakar ma'adinai da kuma dutsen dutse. Ƙarin barazanar sun zo ne daga manyan zirga-zirgar motoci, wanda ke shafar wasu yankuna.<ref name="eoearth1" /> Kashi 80 zuwa 90 cikin dari na yankin an dauke su ba su da kyau. Ana kare manyan yankuna na yankin. Waɗannan su ne: * 2" href="./Gros_Morne_National_Park" id="mw2A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Gros Morne National Park">Gidan shakatawa na Gros Morne: Ya ƙunshi tsaunuka na sama, kuma yana cikin yammacin Newfoundland, wannan yanki ya ƙunshi 1,942 km2. &nbsp;na ƙasar da aka kiyaye. * King George IV Ecological Reserve: Hakanan yana cikin yammacin Newfoundland, wannan yanki ya ƙunshi 19 km² na ƙasar da aka kiyaye.<ref>{{Cite web |title=King George IV Ecological Reserve |url=http://www.ecc.gov.nl.ca/parks/wer/r_kge/index.html |access-date=2017-04-03 |website=Department of Environment and Climate Change |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404044518/http://www.ecc.gov.nl.ca/parks/wer/r_kge/index.html |archive-date=2017-04-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref>&nbsp; * Barachois Pond Provincial Park: Yana cikin kudu maso yammacin Newfoundland, wannan yanki mai kariya yana da 34.97 km².&nbsp; == Manazarta == f5lsaiwz6r1t8obakdl2y88nzz9qgnz 0 172584 961421 952490 2026-10-01T15:37:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Deodar_forest_at_Bindeshwar_Mahadev.jpg|thumb|Dajin Deodar a Bindeshwar Mahadev, Indiya]] dazuzzukan Deodar gandun daji ne da ''Cedrus deodara'', deodar cedar ya mamaye. Ana samun wannan itacen a cikin Yammacin [[Himalaya|Himalayas]] daga Kogin Gandaki a tsakiyar [[Nepal]] zuwa tsaunukan Hindu Kush a [[Afghanistan]]. ''deodar'' itacen al'ul asalinsa ne na Himalayas, inda sunan yankin shine deodar, wanda ke fassara daga asalin Sanskrit a matsayin "itace na alloli". An gabatar da su a hukumance a cikin noma a 1831, kodayake an shuka su a wuraren shakatawa da lambuna na kasar Sin na ƙarni da yawa. == dazuzzuka na asali == Gidajen daji na deodar cedar (''Cedrus deodara'') suna cikin [[Himalaya|Himalayas]], daga [[Nepal]] ta hanyar [[Pakistan]], [[Indiya]] da [[Afghanistan]]. Wannan kewayon ya fi rinjaye da ''Cedrus deodara''; wasu nau'o'in sun hada da ''Quercus ilex'', ''Juglans regia'', ''Taxus wallichiana'', ''Picea smithiana'', ''Abies pindrow'', ''[[Pinus giardiana]]'', ''Pinus wallichiana''. Akwai yankuna da yawa da suka bayyana a matsayin guda, inda ''Cedrus deodara'' shine mafi yawan jinsuna. Yawancin yankuna masu kama da juna sune yankuna masu bushewa, amma akwai wasu yankuna masu zaman kansu da aka rubuta waɗanda ke da zafi.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last=Mesaik |first=Ahmed |last2=Nazim |first2=Kanwal |last3=Siddiqui |first3=Muhammad |last4=Wahab |first4=Muhammad |last5=Khan |first5=Nazreen |last6=Khan |first6=Nasrullah |last7=Hussain |first7=Syed |date=2010-10-01 |title=Community description of Deodar forests from Himalayan range of Pakistan |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/216500841_Community_description_of_Deodar_forests_from_Himalayan_range_of_Pakistan |journal=Pakistan Journal of Botany |volume=42 |pages=3091–3102}}</ref> An yi rikodin gandun daji na Deodar don fara girma a tsawo na ƙafa 5,600 (1,700 kuma zai tsaya a kusan ƙafa 9,000 (2,700 . ''Cedrus deodara'' ba zai jure yanayin zafi a ƙasa da {{Convert|0|F}} ° F (-18 ° C), duk da tsayinsa na halitta ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cedrus deodara, Oregon State Univ., LANDSCAPE PLANTS |url=http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/cede.htm |access-date=2019-10-31 |website=oregonstate.edu}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == dazuzzuka na birane == Deodar cedar suna da mashahuri sosai a cikin yanayin birane, suna sa su zama ruwan dare gama gari. Sanya karin bishiyoyi a kusa da birane yana ƙara shahara kuma wajibi ne, yana ƙara darajar dukiya da ingancin iska.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Urban Forests {{!}} US Forest Service |url=https://www.fs.fed.us/managing-land/urban-forests |access-date=2019-11-16 |website=www.fs.fed.us}}</ref> Wannan yana haifar da sabbin gandun daji na birane ta hanyar hada sabbin nau'o'in halittu tare da ƙirƙirar ƙarin bambancin wuraren zama na halitta.<ref name=":1" /> Deodar cedar asalinsa ne ga yanayi mai girma wanda ke samun dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa a lokacin hunturu. Yawancin wuraren da ake gabatar da wannan nau'in a cikin birni suna da yanayi mara tsanani, yana ba shi damar girma da ƙarfi. Deodars na iya kasancewa daga {{Convert|40|ft}} a tsawo zuwa {{Convert|160|ft}} , yana mai da su fitaccen mutum a cikin gandun daji na birane.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1. Deodar Cedar |url=http://depts.washington.edu/treetour/01_dcedar.html |access-date=2019-10-31 |website=depts.washington.edu}}</ref> == Labari na Ƙasa == Deodar cedar ba shine kawai rayuwar shuka na gandun daji ba. An rufe bene da wasu tsire-tsire da yawa da ke ba da gudummawa ga tsarin halittu, gami da ''Rosa webbiana'', ''[[Rubus brunonii]]'', ''Hedera nepalensis'', ''Vicia sativa'', ''Medicago denticulata'', ''Rumex hastatulus'', ''Cynodon dactylon'', ''Rumex dentatus'', ''Urtica dioica'', ''Geranium rotundifolium'', ''[[Viola conescens]]'', ''Tribulus terrestris'', da ''[[Aconitum chasmanthus]]'' . <ref name=":02" /> == Yanayi == Gabaɗaya noman cedar na deodar yana iyakance ga yankunan da ke da hunturu mai sauƙi, kamar yadda waɗannan bishiyoyi ke kashewa akai-akai ta yanayin zafi a ƙasa da -13 ° F (-25 ° C). Sun fi son wuraren da ke da rana da kuma wuraren da ke cike da ruwa. == Barazanar da ƙalubale == Ana amfani da wannan nau'in itace a masana'antu don katako da mai a cikin asalinsa na duniya. Afghanistan, Pakistan da Indiya sun rufe wannan itacen kuma suna fara haifar da mummunar barazana ga mahallinta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Deodar Cedar {{!}} University of Redlands |url=https://sites.redlands.edu/trees/species-accounts/deodar-cedar/ |access-date=2019-10-31 |website=Sites |language=en}}</ref> Akwai rahotanni na baya-bayan nan na ''Phytophthora cinnamomi'' da ke shafar bishiyoyin cedar a yankunan Himalayan.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2000 |title=Cedrus deodara root rot disease-threat to the Himalayan forestry and environment. |url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/abstract/20001006418 |access-date=2019-11-16 |website=www.cabi.org |language=en |archive-date=2020-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610174129/https://www.cabi.org/isc/abstract/20001006418 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Phytophthora cinnamomi'' ya kashe bishiyoyi 200 zuwa yanzu, kuma wasu 150 suna fara nuna alamun rashin lafiya.<ref name=":2" /> == Muhimmancin al'adu == Ana ɗaukar gandun daji na deodar a cikin Himalayas wuri mai tsarki ga mutanen Hindu na Indiya. ''Darukavana'', wanda ke fassara zuwa 'kudancin Deodar', an ambaci shi sau da yawa ta hanyar tsoffin matani na Hindu. Wadannan gandun daji ana daukar su a matsayin wuri na ruhaniya don rayuwa ga iyalai waɗanda suka sadaukar da kansu ga Ubangiji Shiva, allahn Hindu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-12-06 |title=Deodar Forest Himachal Pradesh |url=https://www.luxurytrailsofindia.com/himachal-pradesh/deodar-forest-himachal-pradesh |access-date=2019-10-31 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == gzt9tjlt8q05isnt6kfxjyyu3r301t1 0 172593 961616 953131 2026-10-01T23:19:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dutsen Kinabalu''' ([[Harshen Dusun|Dusun:]] ''Gayo Ngaran'' or ''Nulu Nabalu'', Malay) shine mafi tsayin dutse a [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]] da kuma Tekun Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, wanda ke tsibirin [[Borneo]] a Sabah . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Doksil |first=Mariah |date=2025-04-06 |title=Why Mount Kinabalu is still Southeast Asia's highest peak |url=https://www.theborneopost.com/2025/04/06/why-mount-kinabalu-still-southeast-asias-highest-peak/ |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=Borneo Post Online |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-14 |title=Mount Kinabalu {{!}} Malaysia, Map, Elevation, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mount-Kinabalu |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> Tsawonsa ya kai {{Convert|13,435|ft|m}}, shine tsaunin tsibiri na uku mafi girma a Duniya, tsaunin 28 mafi girma a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, kuma tsaunin 20 mafi shahara a duniya. Dutsen yana cikin gundumar Ranau, Sashen Yammacin Tekun Sabah, Malaysia. Ana kare shi a matsayin Kinabalu Park, wani [[Muhimman Guraren Tarihi na Duniya|wurin tarihi na duniya]] . A shekarar 1997, an sake gudanar da wani bincike ta amfani da fasahar tauraron dan adam. Ya tabbatar da cewa Dutsen Kinabalu yana da tsayin tsaunin (wanda aka sani da Dutsen Low's Peak) mai tsawon {{Cvt|4095|m|ft|0}} sama da matakin teku, kimanin {{Cvt|6|m|ft|0}} ƙasa da adadin da aka buga a yanzu na {{Cvt|4101|m|ft|0}} . Dutsen da kewayensa suna da yawan [[Bambancin halittu|nau'ikan halittu]], inda aka gano nau'ikan tsirrai 5,000 zuwa 6,000, nau'ikan tsuntsaye 326, da kuma nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa sama da 100. Daga cikin wannan tarin namun daji masu yawa akwai nau'ikan halittu masu shahara kamar su ''Rafflesia'' shuke-shuke da orangutans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kinabalu Park |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1012/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150614142635/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1012 |archive-date=14 June 2015 |access-date=7 June 2015 |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Michael Aquino |title=Mount Kinabalu, Malaysia |url=http://goseasia.about.com/od/travelplanning/ss/8seasiasights_4.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404012427/http://goseasia.about.com/od/travelplanning/ss/8seasiasights_4.htm |archive-date=4 April 2015 |access-date=7 June 2015 |website=About.com Travel}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mount Kinabalu – revered abode of the dead |url=http://www.ecologyasia.com/html-loc/mount-kinabalu.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100921002507/http://ecologyasia.com/html-loc/mount-kinabalu.htm |archive-date=21 September 2010 |access-date=7 June 2015 |publisher=Ecology Asia}}</ref> Mutumin da ke cikin koshin lafiya zai iya hawa Dutsen Low ba tare da kayan aikin hawan dutse a babban hanyar ba. Duk da haka, dole ne masu hawan dutse su kasance tare da jagororin da aka amince da su a kowane lokaci saboda ƙa'idodin wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa da kuma haɗarin kamuwa da rashin lafiyar tsayi . == Ilimin ƙasa == Dutsen Kinabalu babban pluton ne da aka samar daga granodiorite wanda ke shiga cikin duwatsu masu laka da kuma na ƙasa, kuma yana samar da tsakiyar ɓangaren, ko kuma tsakiyar, na babban dutsen Kinabalu. Granodiorite yana shiga cikin sassan da aka naɗe sosai, wataƙila daga zamanin Eocene zuwa Miocene, da kuma duwatsu masu kama da na asali da na asali. An tura shi sama daga ɓawon Duniya a matsayin dutse mai narkewa shekaru miliyoyin da suka wuce. A fannin ilimin ƙasa, dutse ne mai ƙanƙanta sosai, domin granodiorite ya yi sanyi ya kuma taurare kusan 10 kawai.&nbsp;shekaru miliyan da suka wuce. Ana ɗaukar siffar ƙasa ta yanzu a matsayin tsakiyar Pliocene [[Filayen|penelain]], an yi mata baka kuma an yanke ta sosai, ta hanyar da jikin Kinabalu granodiorite ya tashi a cikin daidaitawar isostatic . Har yanzu yana samun kusan kashi {{Cvt|5|mm}} na tsayi a kowace shekara. [[File:St._John's_Peak_Mount_Kinabalu_3.jpg|thumb|290x290px| An hango kogon St. John daga kogon Low a lokacin fitowar rana. Ana ganin fitilun birnin Kota Kinabalu a gefen dama.]] A lokacin zamanin Pleistocene na kimanin shekaru 100,000 da suka wuce, dutsen ya rufe da zanen kankara da [[Gileshiya (Tsaunin kankara)|ƙanƙara]] . Yayin da waɗannan ƙanƙara ke kwarara daga gangaren dutsen, sun yi bincike a saman Dutsen Kinabalu a cikin wannan tsari kuma suka samar da {{Convert|1800|m|4=-deep}} Gully na Low (wanda aka sanya wa suna bayan Hugh Low ) a gefen arewa. Tsarin granitic ɗinsa da tsarin ƙirƙirar ƙanƙara suna bayyana a fili lokacin da ake kallon ƙololuwar duwatsu masu tudu. === Wurin tarihi na IUGS === Domin kuwa "ɗaya ne daga cikin ƙananan kutsen dutse da aka fallasa a Duniya kuma wurin da aka yi wa kyawawan wurare masu dusar ƙanƙara a wurare masu zafi", Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Ƙasa ta Duniya (IUGS) ta haɗa da dutse mai tsauni na Dutsen Kinabalu Neogene a cikin tarin wuraren tarihi 100 na ƙasa a faɗin duniya a cikin wani jerin da aka buga a watan Oktoba na 2022. Ƙungiyar ta bayyana Wurin Gado na IUGS a matsayin "muhimmin wuri tare da abubuwan ƙasa da/ko hanyoyin da suka shafi kimiyya na duniya, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su azaman nuni, da/ko tare da babban gudummawa ga ci gaban kimiyyar ƙasa ta hanyar tarihi." <ref>{{Cite web |title=The First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites |url=https://iugs-geoheritage.org/videos-pdfs/iugs_first_100_book_v2.pdf |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=IUGS International Commission on Geoheritage |publisher=IUGS |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027114156/https://iugs-geoheritage.org/videos-pdfs/iugs_first_100_book_v2.pdf |archive-date=27 October 2022 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Yanayi == [[File:Rainforest_cloud_forming_Kinabalu_Sabah_Borneo_Kampong_Kundasang_2.jpg|thumb| Hazo [[Dajin ruwan sama|mai ƙarfi]] a kan tsaunukan dajin.]] Yanayin dutsen ya bambanta daga yanayin zafi mai danshi a gindinsa zuwa tsaunukan tsaunuka a samansa. Zafin jiki a saman Dutsen Kinabalu yana tsakanin {{Cvt|−4|to|8|°C}} daga Disamba zuwa Janairu, da kuma {{Cvt|3|to|12|°C}} daga watan Yuni zuwa Satumba. Dangane da sanyin da dutsen ke yi daga Disamba zuwa Janairu, akwai lokutan da sanyi da [[Ƙanƙara (tsananin sanyi)|ƙanƙara]] ke bayyana a saman dutsen. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2014 |title=Did it snow on the summit of Mount Kinabalu? |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/01/25/did-it-snow-on-the-summit-of-mount-kinabalu/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610002142/http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/01/25/did-it-snow-on-the-summit-of-mount-kinabalu/ |archive-date=10 June 2017 |access-date=19 June 2017 |website=The Star}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tang Ruxyn |date=10 February 2017 |title=Ice Sheets And 'Snow' Have Formed on Mount Kinabalu! |url=http://says.com/my/news/ice-sheets-found-on-mount-kinabalu-sabah |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728180619/http://says.com/my/news/ice-sheets-found-on-mount-kinabalu-sabah |archive-date=28 July 2017 |access-date=19 June 2017 |publisher=Says.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2017 |title=Gunung Kinabalu pernah diselebungi salji |url=http://slashsabah.blogspot.com/2017/02/gunung-kinabalu-pernah-diselebungi-salji.html?m=1 |access-date=14 July 2019 |publisher=/SBH}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An yi rikodin dusar ƙanƙara sau uku a wannan yanki, a cikin 1975, 1993, da 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2021 |title=Does It Snow in Malaysia? |url=https://doesitsnowin.com/malaysia/}}</ref> == Ilimin halittu == Dutsen Kinabalu, tare da sauran yankunan tsaunukan Crocker, sananne ne a duk duniya saboda [[Bambancin halittu|bambancin halittunsa]] tare da shuke-shuken [[Himalaya|Himalayan]], Australasia, da Indomalayan . Kwanan nan{{When|date=May 2026}} Binciken tsirrai na dutsen ya kiyasta cewa nau'ikan tsire-tsire 5,000 zuwa 6,000 (ban da mosses da liverwort amma har da ferns ) suna bunƙasa a kan dutsen. Saboda haka yana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman wuraren nazarin halittu a duniya. Wani dalili na bambancinsa da kuma yanayinsa mai yawa shine cewa tsayinsa mai yawa yana ba da mafaka ga nau'ikan halittu masu sanyi a lokacin da suke tsakanin tsaunukan da ke kewaye da su. A shekarar 2015, wani babban bincike na Malaysia-Holland ya nuna cewa flora, fauna, da fungi na musamman da ke kan tsaunin sun fi ƙanƙanta fiye da dutsen, kuma sun samo asali ne daga kakannin tsaunuka na gida da na nesa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Merckx |first=V. S. F. T. |last2=Hendriks |first2=K. P. |last3=Beentjes |first3=K. K. |last4=Mennes |first4=C. B. |last5=Becking |first5=L. E. |last6=Peijnenburg |first6=K. T. C. A. |last7=Afendy |first7=A. |last8=Arumugam |first8=N. |last9=de Boer |first9=H. |last10=Biun |first10=A. |last11=Buang |first11=M. M. |last12=Chen |first12=P.-P. |last13=Chung |first13=A. Y. C. |last14=Dow |first14=R. |last15=Feijen |first15=F. A. A. |year=2015 |title=Evolution of endemism on a young tropical mountain |url=http://ir.unimas.my/ir.ums.my/10593/1/NO%2051%20Evolution%20of%20endemism%20on%20a%20young%20tropical%20mountain%20%28abstract%29.pdf |url-status=live |journal=Nature |volume=524 |issue=7565 |pages=347–350 |bibcode=2015Natur.524..347M |doi=10.1038/nature14949 |pmid=26266979 |s2cid=4447746 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723150448/https://ir.unimas.my/10593/1/NO%2051%20Evolution%20of%20endemism%20on%20a%20young%20tropical%20mountain%20(abstract).pdf |archive-date=23 July 2018 |access-date=3 June 2019}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Webarchive template wayback links]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] fqnh1j2wkt8zgz3ybymj59kba2b0hns 0 172638 961508 940803 2026-10-01T18:18:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961508 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} dazuzzukan Arewacin Tsakiyar Tsakiya wani yanki ne na gandun daji na Kanada da Amurka. Wannan yankin ya mamaye babban bangare tare da gandun daji na Arewacin Amurka kuma yana samun ruwan sama a matsakaici fiye da gandun dajin Rockies na Kudu ta Tsakiya kuma sananne ne don ƙunshe da yawan mutanen da ke cikin gida na nau'o'i da yawa daga gabar [[Tekun Pacific|Pacific]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inland Temperate Rainforest – Friends of the Clearwater |url=https://www.friendsoftheclearwater.org/coastal-disjunct/ |access-date=2026-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250116154800/https://www.friendsoftheclearwater.org/coastal-disjunct/ |archive-date=2025-01-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Interior Cedar-Hemlock Forest of North America |url=http://www.craigheadresearch.org/the-interior-cedar-hemlock-forest-of-north-america.html}}</ref> == Saitawa == Wannan yankin yana cikin yankunan Rocky Mountain na kudu maso gabashin [[British Columbia]], kudu maso yammacin Alberta, arewa maso yammacin [[Montana]], arewacin [[Idaho]], da arewa maso gabashin [[Washington (jiha)|Washington]].<ref>{{Cite book|ref=et al.}}</ref> Yanayin yanayi a nan ya bambanta. Yankunan yammacin Yankin Yankin Yamma suna fuskantar ruwan sama mafi girma da kuma tasirin matsakaici na [[Tekun Pacific]], yayin da yankunan gabashin Yankin Yankunan Yankin ke fuskantar yanayin da ya fi bushewa, mafi yawan yanayi na nahiyar. A cikin yankin Kanada na yankin ecoregion, matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara ya kasance daga {{Convert|3.5|°C|°F}} ° C (38.3 ° F) a gabas zuwa {{Convert|5.5|°C|°F}} ° C (41.9 ° F) yamma, matsakaitan yanayin zafi na lokacin rani ya kasance daga {{Convert|12.5|°C|°F}} ° C (54.5 ° F), kuma matsakaicin lokacin sanyi ya kasance daga -3.5 ° C (25.7 ° F) zuwa -6.5 ° C (20.3 ° F). [[Ƙorama|Kwarin]] suna fuskantar zafi, lokacin rani mai laushi da sanyi mai sanyi, hunturu mai dusar ƙanƙara, yayin da yankunan da ke ƙarƙashin tsaunuka ke fuskantar sanyi, lokacin rani na rigar tare da yiwuwar sanyi, da sanyi sosai, hunturu na dusar ƙara. [[Yayafi|Ruwan sama]] yana da matsakaici zuwa sama, tare da kwari yawanci suna karɓar tsakanin millimeters 500 (20 in) da 800 millimeters (31 in), da kuma tsaunuka masu tsawo suna karɓar fiye da millimeters 1,000 (39 in). == Tsire-tsire == Wannan yankin yafi yawan gandun daji. Ƙananan gandun daji sun mamaye Yammacin hemlock (''Tsuga heterophylla''), Yammacin ja cedar (''Thuja plicata'') da Subalpine fir (''Abies lasiocarpa''), tare da matsakaici-ƙananan da kuma gauraye yawan Lodgepole pine (''Pinus contorta''), Rocky mountain douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menzii var. glauca), Ponderosa pine (''[[Pinus ponderosa]]''), Yammaci pine (''Pinus monticola''), Mountain hemlock (''Tsuga mertensiana'') da Western larx (Larix occident). Yankunan Subalpine sun mamaye Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmanni), Subalpine fir (''Abies lasiocarpa''). A wuraren da wuta ta shafa, akwai itacen Lodgepole pine (''Pinus contorta''). Wannan yankin kuma ya ƙunshi makiyaya, Filaye ciyawa, gandun daji na bakin kogi, da layin bishiyoyi / al'ummomin [[Alpine tundra|Yankin tsaunuka]]. Dabbobi masu shayarwa na gandun daji na Arewacin Tsakiya sun haɗa da launin toka (''Canis lupus''), grizzly bear (''Ursus arctos horriblus''), wolverine (''Gulo gulo''), gandun daji caribou (''Rangifer tarandus caribou''), baƙar fata bear (''Ursus americanus cinnamomum''), dutse bear (''Odocoileus hemonius''), farin-tailed deer (Odoanisaus virginius), Rocky Mountain alcuscuscuscus (Munix), redonyus), (Municus), red (Munius), (Cer), red-ta), (Monyus), American (Munice), (Mannus), (Phar), (Mus), (Shar). == Matsayi na kiyayewa da wuraren da aka kiyaye == Kodayake manyan sassan wannan yankin suna da kyau kuma an kare su, an jera matsayin kiyayewa a matsayin "mai rauni". Babban barazanar ga amincin wannan yankin shine hakar albarkatu da ci gaba, kara ayyukan ɗan adam, katako, hakar ma'adinai, kiwon dabbobi da gabatar da nau'o'in halittu masu ban sha'awa. Yankunan da aka kare a cikin wannan yankin sun hada da Glacier National Park da Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex a arewa maso yammacin Montana, Yoho da Kootenay National Parks a kudu maso gabashin British Columbia, Waterton Lakes National Park a kudu maso yammacin Alberta da Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness a arewa maso gabashin [[Idaho]]. == Manazarta == 2co4qpg31lh2yr1hi1t7t8lw7j0z5an 0 172679 961776 940969 2026-10-02T07:11:38Z BnHamid 12586 961776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Astragalus deanei''''' wani nau'in milkvetch ne mai ban sha'awa wanda aka fi sani da sunan '''Dean's milkvetch''', ko Deane's milkvitch . Yana da iyaka a kudancin San Diego County, California, inda yake girma a kan gangaren Peninsular Ranges tsakanin El Cajon da Tecate. == Bayyanawa == ''Astragalus deanei'' galibi itace mai tsayi ne wanda ke girma tsaye zuwa tsawo tsakanin 30 da 60 centimeters. Shafuka suna da tsawon inci 18 kuma suna da siffar oval tare da shahararrun midribs. Dukan shuka na iya zama 1-2 ft tsawo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dean's Milkvetch, Astragalus deanei |url=https://calscape.org/Astragalus-deanei-() |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=calscape.org}}</ref>&nbsp; Dean's milkvetch yana da runduna har zuwa 17 butterflies da asu, wasu sun hada da, Melissa Blue, Painted Lady, da sauran nau'o'in 'yan asalin California.<ref name=":0" /> fure da aka buɗe yana riƙe da furanni 25 masu launin fari, kowannensu 1 zuwa 1.5 centimeters tsawo. 'Ya'yan itace ƙwayoyin cuta ne masu tsayi 1.5 zuwa 3 centimeters wanda ya bushe zuwa wani nau'i mai laushi, takarda. Gidansa guda ɗaya yana dauke da tsaba da yawa. Lokacin furewa shine daga Fabrairu-Mayu. Yana da babban guba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Astragalus deanei Calflora |url=https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=825 |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=www.calflora.org}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=14789 Jepson Manual Treatment - ''Astragalus deanei''] * The Nature Conservancy[link removed] * [https://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ASDE Bayanan shuke-shuke na USDA] * [http://sandiego.sierraclub.org/rareplants/014.html Sierra Club Profile (c.1994)] * [http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Astragalus+deanei ''Astragalus deanei'' - U.C. Hoton hotuna] eguhhme3vzww0l411dgv8898es3hjx9 0 172701 961491 941066 2026-10-01T18:00:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''David MacBrayne''' kamfani ne mai iyaka mallakar gwamnatin Scotland . An kafa kamfanin jigilar kaya mai zaman kansa '''David Hutcheson & Co.''' a shekarar 1851 tare da abokan hulɗa uku, David Hutcheson, Alexander Hutcheson da David MacBrayne, kuma an mayar da shi ga David MacBrayne a shekarar 1878. Ta zama babbar hanyar jigilar kaya da fasinjoji a Hebrides, tare da hanyar sadarwa ta jigilar kaya, jigilar kaya ta hanya da ayyukan bas. A shekarar 1973, an haɗa shi da Kamfanin Caledonian Steam Packet a matsayin Kamfanin Caledonian MacBrayne mallakar gwamnati. Tun daga shekarar 2006, ita ce kamfanin da ke kula da kamfanonin jiragen ruwa na CalMac Ferries Ltd (wanda ke aiki a matsayin Caledonian MacBrayne ) da Argyll Ferries, kuma an sanya ta a matsayin wata hukuma mai zaman kanta ta gwamnatin Scotland. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2022 |title=National public bodies directory - Executive non-departmental public bodies |url=https://www.gov.scot/publications/national-public-bodies-directory/pages/executive-non-departmental-public-bodies/ |access-date=25 August 2022 |publisher=Scottish Government}}</ref> == Tsarin aiki == A shekara ta 1851, Burns Brothers, G. da J. Burns na [[Glasgow]], sun mika jiragen ruwan Hebridean ga babban magatakardarsu, David Hutcheson. David Hutcheson ya auri Margaret Dawson, wacce aka haifa a gidan iyayenta 'Bonnytoun House' da ke Linlithgow . Ita 'yar'uwar Adam Dawson ce, wanda ya mallaki St. Magdalene Whiskey Distillery a Linlithgow, da kuma James Dawson, waɗanda aka haifa a 'Bonnytoun House'. <ref>In 2011 Glasgow historian Robert Pool added over 200 letters and documents to his collection relating to David Hutcheson and the Dawson family.{{Cite web |date=June 2011 |title=David Hutcheson and Dawson family documents |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/robertpool/sets/72157626870654578/ |access-date=11 April 2013 |website=The Great Shipping Dynasty of Burns, Hutcheson and MacBrayne |publisher=Robert Pool's Glasgow Collection @ Flickr}}</ref> Sabuwar kamfanin, '''David Hutcheson & Co.''', tana da abokan hulɗa guda uku, David Hutcheson, Alexander Hutcheson da David MacBrayne (1817-1907), ɗan uwan Messrs. Burns. A shekara ta 1878, kamfanin ya koma hannun David MacBrayne (kuma aka sake masa suna '''David MacBrayne''' ). <ref name="history">{{Cite web |title=David MacBrayne |url=http://www.david-macbrayne.co.uk/about-us/history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722144146/http://www.david-macbrayne.co.uk/about-us/history.htm |archive-date=22 July 2011 |access-date=30 January 2026 |website=david-macbrayne.co.uk}}</ref> Kamfanin ya zama babban kamfanin jigilar kaya a kan hanyoyin West Highland cikin sauri, yana samar da ayyukan fasinja da jigilar kaya ga yawancin tsibiran. Da farko ta fara aiki daga [[Glasgow]] zuwa Firth of Clyde ta hanyar Crinan Canal zuwa Oban da Fort William, sannan ta wuce ta Caledonian Canal zuwa Inverness . <ref name="calmac">{{Cite web |title=Company History |url=http://www.calmac.co.uk/corporate-calmac/company-history.htm |access-date=30 January 2011 |publisher=CalMac |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119013428/http://www.calmac.co.uk/corporate-calmac/company-history.htm |archive-date=19 January 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya ƙara aika saƙonni zuwa Islay, Harris da North Uist daga Skye sannan Outer Isles suka tashi daga Oban zuwa Barra da South Uist . Yayin da kowanne ya buɗe, kamfanin ya ƙara layin dogo a Oban, Mallaig, da Stromeferry, daga baya ya faɗaɗa zuwa Kyle na Lochalsh. MacBraynes ya ci gaba da kasancewa a hannun iyalin har zuwa 1928, lokacin da ba ta iya tallafawa tayin sabunta kwangilar wasiku ba <ref>{{Cite web |title=A brief history |url=http://www.roycraig.net/macbraynes/HTML_Pages/history.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120000311/http://www.roycraig.net/macbraynes/HTML_Pages/history.html |archive-date=20 November 2008 |access-date=30 January 2011 |publisher=MacBrayne Circle}}</ref> kuma ta zama fatara. Ba a sami wani kamfanin da ya yi kwangilar ba kuma an yi wa kamfanin kwaskwarima, inda aka raba mallakar tsakanin Coast Lines da London, Midland da Scottish Railway (LMS). <ref name="calmac" /> == Faɗaɗawa == Sabbin masu mallakar sun sake gina jiragen ruwan da suka tsufa da jiragen ruwa kamar MV Lochfyne, MV Lochnevis da MV Lochiel . Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, MV Loch Seaforth da MV An ƙara MV. A shekarar 1948, hannun jarin kamfanin mallakar LMS Railway ya koma ga Hukumar Sufuri ta Burtaniya, don haka ya mayar da shi wani ɓangare na ƙasar. A shekarar 1964, karuwar yawan motoci ya haifar da yin odar jiragen ruwa guda uku da aka gina da nufin ginawa, MV Hebrides, MV Clansman da MV Columba don hanyoyin Uig-Tarbert-Lochmaddy, Mallaig-Armadale da Oban-Craignure-Lochaline. <ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Caledonian MacBrayne |url=http://www.whsc.connectfree.co.uk/CalMac.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130145757/http://www.whsc.connectfree.co.uk/CalMac.html |archive-date=30 January 2010 |access-date=30 January 2011 |publisher=West Highland Steamer Club}}</ref> == Ayyukan bas == [[File:Macbrayne_bus_Ardrishaig.jpg|right|thumb| Bas ɗin MacBrayne Bedford VAS a Ardrishaig 1970, lokacin da motocin bas na MacBrayne ke aiki a sassa da yawa na gabar tekun yamma da tsibirai]] Ayyukan bas ɗin mota sun fara ne da hanyar Fort William zuwa Ballachulish a shekarar 1906, kuma bayan barkewar [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya,]] an kafa wasu hanyoyin bas da dama a kusa da Inverness, Fort William da Ardrishaig. Babu wata hanya da ta haɗa waɗannan ayyukan da aka raba su wuri ɗaya a wannan matakin, kuma ayyukan tituna sun kasance ƙaramin ɓangare na kasuwancin har sai bayan sake gina kamfanin a shekarar 1928. Sabbin masu mallakar sun samar da jari don sabunta kasuwancin, ciki har da kafa wani babban sashin jigilar kaya don maye gurbin ayyukan jigilar kaya a yawancin ƙananan tashoshin jiragen ruwa. Faɗaɗa sashen bas ɗin ya kasance a hankali, kuma galibi ana samunsa ne ta hanyar sayen ƙananan masu aiki da ke akwai. A shekarar 1929, Link Line na Glasgow ya gabatar da hanyar bas daga Glasgow zuwa Tarbert ( Kintyre ) a matsayin gasa da sabis na tururi na MacBrayne, kuma MacBrayne ya mayar da martani da sauri ta hanyar gabatar da sabis na bas ɗinsa, wanda zai zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin kamfanin. An tsara wa motocin bas ɗin lokaci don su haɗu a Tarbert da jirgin ruwan MacBrayne zuwa Islay da kuma McConnachie na kamfanin bas na Campbeltown zuwa wannan garin. Kamfanin Link Line ya sayar wa MacBrayne a shekarar 1932, wanda ya kawo ƙarshen gasar, duk da cewa daga shekarar 1935 zuwa gaba, West Coast Motors na Campbeltown suna ba da sabis na fasinja da kuma bas na wasiƙa tsakanin Campbeltown da Glasgow. Motocin bas na MacBrayne ba su isa Campbeltown ba sai a shekarar 1940, lokacin da suka maye gurbin jirgin ruwa na Glasgow zuwa Campbeltown. MacBraynes da West Coast sun kasance tare a kan hanyar daga baya. Wani muhimmin abin da ya mamaye shi ne Shields of Kinlochleven a shekarar 1934. Shields ta gudanar da wani aiki daga Fort William zuwa Tyndrum, inda za a iya haɗa kai da W. Alexander &amp;amp; Sons 'Oban zuwa Glasgow (ta Helensburgh ). MacBrayne ya tsawaita wasu tafiye-tafiye a wannan hanyar zuwa Glasgow (ta hanyar Luss), kodayake alaƙa da rundunar Alexander ta ci gaba. An sayi McIntyre na Fort William a shekarar 1936, wanda hakan ya ba MacBrayne sha'awar hanyar Fort William zuwa Fort Augustus, kuma ta hanyar ayyukan tsakanin Fort William da Inverness aka fara gabatar da su a shekarar 1939 bayan dakatar da jirgin ruwan Inverness zuwa Fort Augustus. <ref name="The P.S.V 1984 pp. 4" /> An yi aiki tare da Macrae & Dick na Inverness (wanda ya riga Highland Omnibuses ). An kwace wasu ƙananan masu aiki daban-daban a shekarun 1930 da 1940, inda aka faɗaɗa ko kuma aka haɗa hanyar sadarwa a babban yankin ƙasar. Yawancin ayyukan bas na MacBrayne suna ɗauke da fakiti, a wasu lokutan kuma wasiku da fasinjoji. Baya ga hanyoyin hawa dawaki, MacBraynes ya ƙirƙiro wani gagarumin aikin yawon shakatawa na bas a West Highlands, wanda galibi ana aiki tare da injinan jin daɗi na kamfanin. A tsibiran da jiragen ruwa na MacBrayne ke yi wa hidima, masu aiki masu zaman kansu na gida ne ke samar da ayyukan bas masu haɗaka, amma daga 1941 zuwa gaba, MacBrayne ya fara mamaye da yawa daga cikin waɗannan kasuwancin kuma yana gudanar da bas ɗin da kansu. Kamfanonin da aka saya sune McGibbon na Bowmore ( Islay ) a shekarar 1941, MacKinnon na Askernish ( South Uist ) a shekarar 1947, Ferguson na Clachan ( South Uist ) a shekarar 1947, MacLean & Donald na Ardvasar ( Skye ) a shekarar 1948, MacDonald na Sollas ( North Uist ) a shekarar 1948, Skye Transport (wani reshe na Scottish Co-operative Wholesale Society) na Portree (Skye) a shekarar 1958, Cameron na Tarbert ( Harris ) a shekarar 1964, Cowe na Tobermory ( Mull ) a shekarar 1964 sannan a ƙarshe Carson na Dunvegan (Skye) a shekarar 1970. Faɗaɗa yankin bayan yaƙin duniya ya haɗa da wani aiki na musamman a yankin Ardgour . Lokacin da Ardgour da Acharacle Motor Services suka daina ciniki a ƙarshen 1950, MacBaynes sun karɓi ayyukansu suna haɗa Acharacle da Kilchoan da Corran Ferry, wanda hakan ke nufin za a iya haɗa bas ɗin MacBrayne zuwa Fort William ko Glasgow. MacBraynes ya kuma karɓi ragamar tafiyar da jirgin ruwan a shekarar 1954. Wani mallakar da aka yi a babban yankin ƙasar shine Campbell na Glenshiel a shekarar 1960, tare da hanyar daga Inverness zuwa Kyle na Lochalsh da kuma hanyar haɗin gwiwa daga Shiel Bridge zuwa Glenelg . Saboda yanayin da ake ciki na rashin tsari, rundunar motocin bas ta MacBrayne ta yi amfani da adadi mai yawa na tashoshin bas idan aka kwatanta da girmansu, babu ɗaya daga cikinsu da ya fi girma kuma da yawa daga cikinsu ƙananan rumfuna ne kawai don ajiye motoci a cikin dare ɗaya. Misali, aikin da aka yi a Islay mai motoci biyar yana da wurin ajiya a Port Ellen da kuma rumfunan kwana a Port Askaig da Portnahaven . An raba kayan gareji da yawa tare da jiragen jigilar kaya na kamfanin. Babban tashar bas ita ce Fort William, kuma sauran manyan wurare suna Ardrishaig, Glasgow, Inverness, Kinlochleven, da Portree.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2022}} == Rage kashe kuɗi da haɗewa == [[File:Macbraynes_lorry.jpg|thumb| Motar MacBrayne Bedford S-type a cikin dusar ƙanƙara a kudancin Portree, 3 ga Afrilu 1968]] A watan Yulin 1969, hannun jarin Coast Line kashi 50% ya koma mallakar gwamnati, kamfanin ya zama reshe na ƙasa gaba ɗaya a cikin Ƙungiyar Sufuri ta Scotland. Daga nan aka yanke shawarar raba sassan jigilar kaya na MacBraynes, jigilar kaya ta hanya da kuma sassan bas zuwa kamfanoni daban-daban. An mayar da ayyukan bas da bas na kamfanin zuwa ga ƙungiyar bas ta Scottish a matakai tsakanin 1970–72. Tafiye-tafiyen bas ɗin da ke Glasgow sun wuce zuwa Alexander (Midland), tashar Ardrishaig, ciki har da hanyoyin Glasgow-Campbeltown da Ardrishaig-Oban, sun wuce zuwa Western SMT, amma yawancin ayyukan bas ɗin sun wuce zuwa Highland Omnibuses (kamar yadda tashar Oban ta Alexander (Midland) ta yi). Highland ta kawar da wasu daga cikin hanyoyin da suka fi kusanci a cikin 'yan shekaru, ciki har da dukkan ayyukan tsibirin sai dai na Skye. Sashen jigilar kaya na hanya ya zama MacBrayne Haulage Ltd., wanda Kilcionan Transport ta mayar da shi na sirri a shekarar 1985. A ranar 1 ga Janairun 1973, wata kamfanin jigilar kaya na Scottish Transport Group, Caledonian Steam Packet Company Ltd. da ke Clyde, ta sayi yawancin jiragen ruwa da hanyoyin jirgin ruwa na David MacBrayne Ltd., kuma ta fara ayyukan haɗin gwiwa na Clyde da West Highland a ƙarƙashin sabon sunan Caledonian MacBrayne, tare da hedikwata a Gourock. == Sake kunnawa == Bayan ya kwanta a gado na tsawon shekaru da dama, Ministocin Scotland sun sake buɗe kamfanin David MacBrayne Ltd. a shekarar 2006 don yin aiki a matsayin kamfanin kula da jiragen ruwa mallakar gwamnati. <ref name="history" /> Ministocin Scotland su ne kaɗai ke da hannun jari a ƙungiyar, kuma dukkan rassanta kamfanoni ne masu zaman kansu. <ref name="history" /> Yanzu haka an rarraba kamfanin a matsayin Babban Hukumar Jama'a Mai Zaman Kanta (ENDPB) ta Gwamnatin Scotland. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2018 |title=National public bodies directory - Executive non-departmental public bodies |url=https://www.gov.scot/publications/national-public-bodies-directory/pages/executive-non-departmental-public-bodies/ |access-date=14 August 2019 |publisher=Scottish Government}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi kamfanonin jiragen ruwa na CalMac Ferries Ltd, waɗanda (a matsayin Caledonian MacBrayne) ke gudanar da ayyukan Clyde da Hebrides da kuma NorthLink Ferries Ltd, tsohon mai gudanar da ayyukan Aberdeen - Kirkwall - Lerwick da Scrabster - Stromness . A shekarar 2011, an ƙara sabon kamfanin Argyll Ferries Ltd, wanda ke gudanar da sabis na fasinjoji na Dunoon - Gourock, zuwa cikin rukunin. A watan Mayu na 2012, NorthLink Ferries Ltd ta rasa kwangilar hidimar jiragen ruwa na Northern Isles ga Serco . Daga ranar 21 ga Janairu 2019, an mayar da sabis ɗin Argyll Ferries zuwa kwangilar sabis ɗin jirgin ruwa na Caledonian MacBrayne Clyde da Hebrides. Jiragen ruwa da wasu daga cikin mashigar jiragen ruwa da masu aikin jirgin ruwa ke amfani da su mallakar Caledonian Maritime Assets (CMAL) ne, wanda shi ma mallakar Gwamnatin Scotland ne. CMAL tana hayar jiragen ruwanta da tasoshin jiragen ruwa ga kamfanonin da ke aiki tsawon lokacin kwangilar. Ana ba da hayar jiragen ruwa ga masu gudanar da jiragen ruwa masu dacewa, kuma ana gudanar da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da tashoshin jiragen ruwa bisa tsarin biyan kuɗin shiga na yau da kullun. == Jiragen ruwa na David MacBrayne == Jiragen ruwan MacBrayne sun nuna jajayen ramuka masu launin baƙi. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun shine RMS Columba, babbar motar MacBrayne daga 1879 zuwa 1935. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-09-23 |title=RMS Columba |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/24718842@N04/2882918767/ |access-date=30 January 2011 |publisher=David MacBrayne Ltd postcard}}</ref> Jirgin ruwa ne na farko mai girman ƙafa 301 wanda aka yi da ƙarfe, wanda J &amp;amp; G Thomson ya gina a shekarar 1878, kuma ita ce mafi girma kuma mafi tsadar jirgin ruwa na Clyde na wannan lokacin; ta yi amfani da jiragen Glasgow zuwa Ardrishaig a matsayin wani ɓangare na "Royal Route" na MacBrayne zuwa Oban . <ref>{{Cite web |title=PS Columba |url=http://paddlesteamers.awardspace.com/Columba.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707212225/http://paddlesteamers.awardspace.com/Columba.htm |archive-date=7 July 2011 |access-date=30 January 2011 |publisher=Paddle Steamer Resources by Tramscape}}</ref> Magajinta a kan hanyar, SS <nowiki><i id="mwAQ8">St Columba</i></nowiki> ita ce babbar injin turbine turbine da aka gina don hidima a kan Clyde kuma ta kasance ita ce kawai jirgin turbine mai gudu uku da aka taɓa yi a kogin. === Jerin jiragen ruwa da kamfanin ke gudanarwa === Tushe <ref>{{Cite web |title=1901 MacBrayne's Steamers and Services |url=http://www.kintyreonrecord.co.uk/articles.php?article_id=47 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313021116/http://www.kintyreonrecord.co.uk/articles.php?article_id=47 |archive-date=13 March 2012 |access-date=30 January 2011 |publisher=Kintyre on Record}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hutcheson MacBrayne |url=http://www.paddlesteamers.info/HutchesonMacBrayneWesternIsles.htm |access-date=2026-02-18 |website=www.paddlesteamers.info}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRANSPORT SERVICES, WESTERN HIGHLANDS. (Hansard, 22 February 1927) |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1927/feb/22/transport-services-western-highlands |access-date=2026-02-20 |website=api.parliament.uk}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=valeman |date=2016-06-10 |title=Macbraynes on the Caledonian Canal |url=https://www.dalmadan.com/?p=2950 |access-date=2026-02-21 |website=Clyde River and Firth |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 318wykclsg74l9ccqtzbz5qmynhk8m1 0 172805 961425 941423 2026-10-01T15:43:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Microfloresta_do_Parque_Urbano_Comandante_Júlio_Ferraz_03.jpg|right|thumb|Garin aljihu da ke ci gaba a Almada, Portugal]] An halicci gandun daji ta hanyar dasa bishiyoyi da shrubs daban-daban a kusa, gabaɗaya a matsayin hanyar dawo da nau'ikan shuke-shuke na asali cikin yanayin da ya lalace. Duk da yake [[Gandun Daji|gandun daji]] na halitta suna girma ta hanyar matakin farko sannan kuma mataki na biyu kafin su kai matakin ƙarshe, ana kirkirar gandun daji ta hanyar tsiro mai yawa na nau'ikan nau'ikan da ke girma cikin sauri a gasar don hasken rana. Masu kula da muhalli sun rungumi gandun daji na aljihu a matsayin hanyar sake gina birane da kuma koyar da mazaunan birane game da yanayin gandun daji. Babban sha'awar gandun daji na aljihu ya samo asali ne daga aikin masanin tsire-tsire na Japan Akira Miyawaki, wanda "Kudancin Miyawaki" ya rinjayi ci gaban hanyoyin gandun daji iri-iri da suka dace da yanayi daban-daban da ƙuntatawa na sarari. == Hanyoyi == [[Fayil:Kareem_forest-parappa-kerala_04.jpg|thumb|Dajin Aljihu da aka yi a Parappa, Kerala, Indiya]] An haɓaka ladabi iri-iri don shirye-shiryen shafin da dasa shuka, duk suna raba ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin kamar hanyar Miyawaki. Wadannan sune misali na hanya: Yankin da za a dasa shi da farko an rufe shi da katako wanda aka rufe shi da 3-6 a (7.6-15.2 na takin mai ko kwakwalwa kuma an ba shi izinin daidaitawa da yanayin danshi na gida na watanni da yawa. Yankin da aka rufe ana dasa shi tare da tsire-tsire masu tsire-shuke na shekara-shekara da aka raba kusan {{Cvt|2|ft|1}} .<ref name=":0" /> Ya kamata a dasa dukkan yankin a lokaci guda tare da nau'o'in asali iri-iri don haka babu tsire-tsire na nau'in da ke kusa da juna.<ref name="bca">{{Cite web |last=Hahn |first=Sophie |title=Budget Referral: Miyawaki "Pocket Forest" Pilot Program to Support Carbon Sequestration, Biodiversity, Cooling, Noise Reduction, Health, and Equity |url=https://berkeleyca.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2023-09-12%20Item%2031%20Budget%20Referral%20Miyawaki%20%E2%80%9CPocket%20Forest%E2%80%9D.pdf |access-date=1 October 2023 |publisher=[[Berkeley, California]]}}</ref> Ruwa ba lallai ba ne ga tsire-tsire na asali da suka dace da yanayin yankin; kodayake ban ruwa a cikin 'yan shekarun farko bayan shuka, kuma a lokacin fari, zai rage mutuwar tsire-shuke. <ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Strength in Numbers: The Basics of a Pocket Forest |url=https://www.leaflimb.com/basics-planting-a-pocket-forest/ |access-date=1 October 2023 |publisher=Leaf & Limb}}</ref> Gidajen daji da aka dasa tare da mafi girma fiye da gandun daji na kasuwanci suna amfani da hasken gefen ban da hasken sama don girma da sauri yayin shan ƙarin [[carbon dioxide]] a kowace acre.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pocket forests: A growing idea finds a home in urban settings |url=https://www.fernsfeathers.ca/blog-1-1/pocket-forests-find-a-home-in-ireland |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Ferns & Feathers}}</ref> Uku shine mafi ƙarancin adadin nau'o'in shuke-shuke daban-daban don dasa gandun daji. Shirye-shiryen da ke ƙasa na nau'in A, B da C ya nuna kauce wa dasa nau'in iri ɗaya a matsayi na kusa.<pre> A B C A B C A B C A B C A </pre> == Misalan == * Gidajen daji na aljihu CLG yana tai wajen kirkirar gandun daji na aljajihu na 6-50 m2 (65-538 sq a cikin birane na Ireland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pocket Forests |url=https://www.pocketforests.ie/ |access-date=1 October 2023 |publisher=[[The Digital Hub]]}}</ref> * Ƙasar ta dasa gandun daji bakwai na aljihu na nau'o'in 47 wanda ya kai ft2 m2) a kan gyare-gyare da gyare-gine.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryson |first=Ethan |title=Healing Forest |url=https://www.sugiproject.com/projects/healing-forest |access-date=1 October 2023 |publisher=[[SUGi]]}}</ref> * An dasa gandun daji na Miyawaki a kan wani wuri a Cambridge, Massachusetts, a matsayin wani ɓangare na Danehy Park . * An dasa gandun daji data-ve-no-generated-contents Transclusion" 1,000 ft2 m2) a matsayin wani ɓangare na Griffith Park a [[Los Angeles]].<ref name="nyt" /> * An dasa gandun daji da yawa na Miyawaki a Berkeley, California . <ref name="bca" /> * Ana dasa gandun daji na data-ve-no-generated 770 m2 sq na aljihu na nau'in 20 a [[Brussels|Birnin Brussels]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=de Brabandère |first=Nicolas |title=Tour & Taxis Forest |url=https://www.sugiproject.com/projects/tour-and-taxis-forest |access-date=1 October 2023 |publisher=[[SUGi]]}}</ref> * Garin Ayer, Massachusetts, ya shirya masu sa kai na al'umma don dasa gandun daji.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Manoian |first=Alan S. |title=Pocket Forest Planting Day |url=https://www.ayer.ma.us/home/events/284446 |access-date=1 October 2023 |publisher=[[Ayer, Massachusetts]]}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Rashin amincewa, matsaloli da iyakoki == [[Fayil:Bennett_Mountain_oak_woodland_recovering_from_the_Nuns_fire.png|right|thumb|210x210px|Kwatanta yanayin halittu na wuta na ƙasa mai zafi a ƙarƙashin fararen toka daga gawayi na itace mai cin wuta, yayin da tsarin shuke-shuke na karkashin kasa kamar rhizomes na ciyawa suka tsira kuma suka tsiro a ƙarƙashin ƙarancin man fetur na duff mai ƙonewa.]] Masana ilimin gandun daji sun lura cewa a cikin shekarun 2020 da ba a tabbatar da ikirarin gandun daji na Miyawaki da ke girma sau goma kamar yadda sauran dabarun sake dasa gandun daji suka zama ruwan dare a [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|kafofin sada zumunta]] da shafukan yanar gizo.<ref name="mundo">{{Cite magazine|url-status=20–30}}</ref> Wannan da'awar na iya haɗawa da rubuce-rubuce da sauri na muhalli tare da ƙimar ci gaba.<ref name="mundo" /> Har ila yau, an soki inganta hanyar Miyawaki ba tare da nuna bambanci ba saboda rashin la'akari da halaye na musamman irin su yanayi da ƙasa.<ref name="mundo" /> Hanyar gandun daji ta Miyawaki ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin mai tsada musamman rashin inganci a yankunan yanayi na Bahar Rum inda kulawa ke buƙatar albarkatun ruwa masu tsada kuma wasu tsire-tsire na iya shan wahala daga hana hoto.<ref name="mundo" /> Ana ɗaukar dabarar Miyawaki a matsayin wanda ba zai yiwu ba ga manyan yankuna.<ref name="mundo" /> Kudancin Miyawaki na iya haifar da al'ummar shuke-shuke marasa tsari tare da ƙarancin darajar shimfidar wuri kuma a wasu lokuta yana iya ƙarfafa halayyar zamantakewa.<ref name="mundo" /> An zarge shi da cewa an inganta hanyar Miyawaki don samun riba ta kudi, wani lokacin a matsayin ƙoƙari na yin amfani da kudaden alhakin zamantakewar kamfanoni.<ref name="mundo" /> Miyawaki ya haɓaka hanyar a matsayin hanyar sake cika ƙasar daji ta hanyar barin ganye da rassan da suka mutu su lalace a cikin yanayin da ke da danshi, mai lalacewa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2017 |title=2,200 trees planted in Changunarayan forest |url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/2200-trees-planted-changunarayan-forest |access-date=2 October 2023 |publisher=Himalayan News Service}}</ref> Wannan tsari na iya zama mara nasara a cikin [[Muhalli na wuta|yanayin halittu na wuta]] inda ake sake amfani da abubuwan gina jiki a matsayin toka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kloetzli |first=Sophie |title=Des forêts en ville? La méthode Miyawaki n'est pas la solution miracle |url=https://reporterre.net/Des-forets-en-ville-La-methode-Miyawaki-n-est-pas-la-solution-miracle |access-date=3 October 2023 |website=reporterre.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 April 2011 |title=Restoring Mediterranean forests with the Miyawaki method |url=http://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/research/newsalert/pdf/237na4.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511111500/http://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/research/newsalert/pdf/237na4.pdf |archive-date=2012-05-11 |access-date=3 October 2023 |website=DG Environment News Alert Service |publisher=European Union}}</ref> Kyakkyawan gandun daji na aljihu yana samar da hanyar kamawa don gawayi masu iska, busassun ƙasa shine tushen ƙonewa, kuma gandun daji mai yawa yana samar da tsani mai mai tare da haɗarin [[Wildfire|gobarar daji]] a cikin birane.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Loudermilk |first=E. Louise |last2=O'Brien |first2=Joseph J. |last3=Goodrick |first3=Scott L. |last4=Linn |first4=Rodman R. |last5=Skowronski |first5=Nicholas S. |last6=Hiers |first6=J. Kevin |date=2022 |title=Vegetation's influence on fire behavior goes beyond just being fuel |journal=Fire Ecology |publisher=[[Springer Open]] |volume=18 |issue=1 |page=9 |bibcode=2022FiEco..18a...9L |doi=10.1186/s42408-022-00132-9 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dajin Miyawaki ya kasance batun jayayya ta siyasa a Chile kamar yadda a cikin 2025 hukumomin siyasa suka bukaci a canza wuraren kore da aka tsara a cikin yanayin Bahar Rum [[Santiago de Chile|Santiago]] don hada da gandun daji na Miyawaki. Dan siyasa na adawa Ignacio Briones ya yi tir da wannan bukatar a matsayin "mai son kai kuma ba bisa doka ba" kuma daga baya aka tattauna batun a Hukumar Muhalli ta Majalisar Dattijan Chile. == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == [[Fayil:Asramam_Miyawaki_Forest.jpg|left|thumb|Dajin Asramam Miyawaki a Kerala Indiya]] <gallery> Fayil:Miyawaki_forest_at_Edappally_Eranakulam_02.jpg Fayil:Miyawaki_forest_at_Edappally_Eranakulam_03.jpg Fayil:Miyawaki_forest_at_Edappally_Eranakulam_01.jpg Fayil:Miyawaki_forest_at_Edappally_Eranakulam_04.jpg </gallery>Dajin Miyawaki a Edappally, Eranakulam . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Bishiya]] qrojvq76iuae2nfm1kzfhyi1ze5wq2q 0 172817 961384 961079 2026-10-01T12:38:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961384 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Cirsium hydrophilum''''' wani nau'in ƙaya ne wanda ke cikin [[California]], inda ake samunsa ne kawai a yankin San Francisco Bay da Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. Wannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna girma a cikin wuraren da ke da ruwa.{{Commonscat|Cirsium hydrophilum}} == Bayyanawa == ''Cirsium hydrophilum'' na iya kaiwa mita 2 (6.6 a tsawo tare da reshe, cobwebby stem. Shafuka sun fi tsayi kusa da tushe na shuka, suna kusa da 90 centimeters (35 in) a tsawon. Ana yanka su cikin lobes masu hakora kuma an rufe su da ƙayoyi, musamman tare da peciole. Inflorescence yana ɗauke da ɗaya ko fure da furanni, kowannensu har zuwa 3 centimeters (1.2 in) tsawo. Kan yana da layi tare da mannewa, karkatarwa, phyllaries mai ƙaya kuma yana ƙunshe da furanni masu ruwan hoda zuwa purple. 'Ya'yan itace shine Achene mai tsawon millimita 2-4 (0.079-0.157 in) wanda aka ɗora shi da pappus na kimanin 1.5 centimeters (0.59 in) centimeters. === Iri-iri === Akwai nau'o'i biyu na musamman: * ''Cirsium hydrophilum'' var mai ban mamaki. ''hydrophilum'', ƙwanƙwasawar Suisun, an san shi daga abubuwan da suka faru biyu a cikin Suisun Marsh, a cikin mazaunin gishiri na Delta a cikin Solano County. An bi da shi a matsayin nau'in da ke cikin haɗari na tarayya. * ''Cirsium hydrophilum'' var mai ban mamaki. ''vaseyi'', Mt. Tamalpais thistle ko Vasey's thistle, an san shi daga kusan abubuwa ashirin da suka faru a Dutsen Tamalpais a Marin County, a Vacaville, California a Solano County, da kuma cikin Presidio a [[San Francisco|Birnin San Francisco]]. A halin yanzu ba a lissafa nau'in da ke cikin haɗari na tarayya ko na jihar ba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?609,963,980 Magani na Jepson - ''Cirsium hydrophilum''] * [http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Cirsium+hydrophilum Tsaro na Yanayi-Tsaro: ''Cirsium hydrophilum''] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 9zgwgjv3nk1qo79co7dtxqu9vj1a3ky 0 172836 961789 941485 2026-10-02T07:21:00Z BnHamid 12586 961789 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Colletes longifacies''''' wani nau'in hymenopteran ne a cikin dangin Colletidae . Ana samunsa a Arewacin Amurka. Wannan nau'in yana daya daga cikin biyar daga dangin Colletidae waɗanda ke cikin jihar [[Florida]]. Wannan nau'in yana faruwa ne a Arewa-Central Peninsular Florida da Panhandle.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pascarella |first=John |title=The Bees of Florida |url=https://entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu/hallg/melitto/floridabees/Bees_of_Florida_Part1.pdf |access-date=25 February 2019 |website=ufl.edu |publisher=University of Florida}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 00cgb9pxibirv6gffzkyvbw74ai89ax 0 172848 961620 941510 2026-10-01T23:32:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}   Dutsen Sapphire tsaunuka ne da ke kudu maso yammacin [[Montana]] a arewa maso yammacin Amurka. Daga wani batu kusa da Kogin Clark Fork da birnin Missoula, suna gudana a kudu don nisan kusan kilomita 60 (100 km), suna yin yawancin iyaka tsakanin Ravalli County (zuwa yamma) da Granite County. &nbsp;A yamma shine Kwarin Bitterroot, kuma a gabas shine Rock Creek . Ƙarshen kudancin kewayon ya haɗu da mafi girma Anaconda Range a West Pintler Peak . Yankin arewacin kewayon yana daga cikin gandun daji na Lolo, yayin da kudu yana daga cikin Deerlodge National Forest. Har ila yau, kewayon ya haɗa da wani ɓangare na Yankin Gudanar da namun daji na Threemile, Yankin Wilderness na Welcome Creek, Yankin Tsaro na Skalkaho, da Yankin Wilde na Anaconda-Pintler. Yankin ya rabu da hanyoyi biyu kawai, Hanyar 38 a 7250 feet (2210 m) Skalkaho Pass da FS80 a Lutz Creek. Baya ga West Pintler Peak (wanda aka dauka a matsayin wani ɓangare na Anaconda Range), mafi girman matsayi a cikin Dutsen Sapphire shine [[Kent Peak (Ravalli County, Montana)|Kent Peak]], wanda ke a 46°03.79'N da 113°47.61'W a tsawo na 8999 feet (2743 m). Sapphires sun ƙunshi manyan yankuna uku na gandun daji na kasa, ban da kariya ta Welcome Creek Wilderness. Mafi arewacin, kimanin kadada 77,000 a girman, yana tsakiyar Quigg Peak, el. 8419 ft. Wannan yanki yana da dubban kadada na sliderock ko gangaren talus, da kuma gandun daji masu yawa na Douglas-fir da lodgepole pine da ke tashi don buɗewa, tuddai masu glaciated. &nbsp;Tumaki da awaki na dutse suna amfani da yankin. Sanata na Amurka Jon Tester, (D. Mont.) ya ba da shawarar kimanin kadada 8,275 na yankin da ba shi da hanya Quigg Peak za a sanya shi hamada a cikin lissafin hamada da ya gabatar, S.B. 1470, Dokar Ayyuka da Nishaɗi ta Majalisar Dattijai ta 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quigg Peak Wilderness |url=http://tester.senate.gov/forest/forestmaps/b-d/QuiggPeak.pdf |access-date=11 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402021223/http://tester.senate.gov/forest/forestmaps/b-d/QuiggPeak.pdf |archive-date=2 April 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Akwai wasu jayayya game da ko yankin Quigg Peak wani ɓangare ne na Sapphires ko kusa da John Long Mountains .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Montana's Tallest Peaks by Mountain Range |url=http://nris.mt.gov/montanafacts/tallpeaks.asp |access-date=14 December 2011}}</ref> Kusan kudancin Welcome Creek Wilderness suna (kamar yadda na 1992) 103,000 kadada na ƙasar da ba ta da hanya da ake kira "Stony Mountain" yankin da ba ta hanyar hanya. Gidan Tsaro na Skalkaho yana cikinta. Wani fasalin wannan yankin da ba shi da hanya shine Fuse Lake, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙarancin Arctic.<ref name="Wolke" /> A ƙarshe, kimanin kadada 117,000 na ƙasar da ba ta da hanya a kudancin Sapphires an haɗa su ta hanyar ƙanƙanin hanyar da ba ta hanyar hanya zuwa Anaconda-Pintlar Wilderness, a cikin Anaconda Range, don jimlar yankin da ba ta hanya (kuma, tun daga 1992) na kadada 368,000. Wolke ya bayyana wannan ɓangaren Sapphires a matsayin "ƙananan duwatsu masu juyawa, galibi a ƙarƙashin ƙafa 9,000 kuma suna da gandun daji sosai, ban da ɓangarorin dutsen dutse. "Kimanin kadada 98,000 na wannan yankin da ba shi da hanya ana kiyaye su a matsayin Yankin Nazarin Wilderness. Ana samun saffir masu ingancin duwatsu masu daraja a yankin. An fara samun su a wannan yanki a Rock Creek kusa da Philipsburg a shekarar 1892. Dutsen Rock Creek, wanda aka fi sani da Gem Mountain, shine wurin da ya fi samar da sapphires a Montana, har ma fiye da Yogo Gulch, yana samar da sama da karat miliyan 190 na sapphires.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2016}} Ana kuma samun garnet a nan. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin tsaunuka a Montana * Yogo safire * Hanyar Skalkaho == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jim5uv7fi3w2j3p20fwtaegvzgd831x 0 172967 961388 941753 2026-10-01T12:49:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961388 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Clachaig''' ƙaramin matsuguni ne a Glen Lean, a yankin Cowal, a Argyll da Bute, yammacin Scotland. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 January 2016 |title=Ordnance Survey: 1:50,000 Scale Gazetteer |url=https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/opendatadownload/products.html |access-date=18 February 2016 |website=www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk |publisher=Ordnance Survey |format=csv (download)}}</ref> Tana kan titin B836 tsakanin Holy Loch da Loch Striven, ƙauyen yana da tsawon mil ɗaya kacal. ''Clachaig'' kalma ce ta Gaelic wadda ke nufin 'wurin dutse'. Hamlet ya ƙunshi gidaje ashirin da biyu kuma an gina shi ne don masauki ga ma'aikatan injin niƙa foda. An ƙera foda mai kama da na'urar niƙa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Clachaig, Glenlean Blackpowder Works |url=http://www.scotlandsplaces.gov.uk/record/rcahms/40783/clachaig-glenlean-blackpowder-works/rcahms |access-date=2016-12-14 |publisher=ScotlandsPlaces}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kogin da ke ƙasan glen shine [[Blackcraig Burn]] wanda ya haɗu da Little Echaig River, sannan ya haɗu da Kogin Echaig ya shiga cikin Holy Loch. == Sufuri == Motar bas mai lamba 478 Dunoon-Portavadie, wacce kamfanin West Coast Motors ke gudanarwa ce ke kula da wurin. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-05-21 |title=SCOTLAND'S BERMUDA TRIANGLE |url=https://www.keybuses.com/article/scotlands-bermuda-triangle |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=www.keybuses.com |language=en}}</ref> == Hotuna == <gallery mode="packed" class="center"> File:Blackcraig_Burn,Clachaig._-_geograph.org.uk_-_1299974.jpg| Blackcraig Burn, Clachaig. </gallery> == Manazarta == 7jwh365tphn48upeef8n97k110lqyjd 0 173021 961432 943465 2026-10-01T15:50:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961432 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dale Frances Bozzio''' (née '''Consalvi'''; an haife ta a ranar 2 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 1955) 'yar asalin Amurka ce. An fi saninta da co-kafa kuma jagorar mawaƙa na sabuwar ƙungiyar Missing Persons ta 1980 da kuma aikinta tare da Frank Zappa . Yayinda take tare da Zappa, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin manyan ayyukansa guda biyu, Joe's Garage (1979) da Thing-Fish (1984). Bozzio ya fitar da kundi hudu da EP daya. Ta kafa Missing Persons a cikin 1980 tare da tsoffin mawaƙa na Zappa Warren Cuccurullo da Terry Bozzio (mijinta daga 1979 zuwa 1986). Baya ga kasancewa jagorar mawaƙa na ƙungiyar, ta kuma ba da gudummawa ga kalmomin. Mutanen da suka ɓace sun fitar da EP guda ɗaya da kundi shida, gami da Spring Session M (1982), wanda ya sami matsayin rikodin zinariya.<ref name="MTV">{{Cite web |date=29 March 2016 |title=Dale Bozzio Bio &#124; Dale Bozzio Career &#124; MTV |url=http://www.mtv.com/artists/dale-bozzio/biography/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329065138/http://www.mtv.com/artists/dale-bozzio/biography/ |archive-date=2016-03-29 |access-date=3 October 2020 |website=[[MTV]]}}</ref> Bayan da Missing Persons ta rushe a 1986, Bozzio ta sanya hannu kan lakabin Prince's Paisley Park, wanda ya fitar da kundi na farko, Riot in English (1988). Bozzio daga baya ya sake fasalin mutanen da suka ɓace kuma ya ci gaba da yin wasan kwaikwayo na ƙungiyar a wurare a duk faɗin Amurka. Har ila yau, a wasu lokuta tana yin aiki a cikin tarurruka na asali kuma tana ci gaba da aikinta a matsayin mai zane-zane. A cikin 2014, Bozzio ya sanya hannu ga Cleopatra Records kuma ya fitar da sabon kundin studio mai taken Missing in Action . <ref name="cleorecs.com">{{Cite web |title=Missing Persons feat. Dale Bozzio – Missing in Action (CD) |url=https://cleorecs.com/store/shop/missing-persons-feat-dale-bozzio-cd/ |website=Cleorecs.com}}</ref> A lokacin rani na shekara ta 2014, ta sanya hannu tare da GRA Records don sabon kundin da Stephan DeReine zai samar. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Bozzio Dale Frances Consalvi a Medford, Massachusetts . Ita 'yar asalin Italiya ce.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrington |first=Jim |date=May 9, 2022 |title=Rock icon talks Prince marriage proposal, hanging with Zappa |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/05/09/rock-icon-talks-prince-marriage-proposal-hanging-with-zappa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709084412/https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/05/09/rock-icon-talks-prince-marriage-proposal-hanging-with-zappa/ |archive-date=July 9, 2022 |website=[[The Mercury News]]}}</ref> Tun tana 'yar shekara 16, ta yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo a Kwalejin Emerson kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Bunny a Playboy Club a Boston. An ba ta suna Boston Playboy Club Bunny of the Year a shekarar 1975. A shekara ta 1976, Bozzio ya yi tafiya zuwa Playboy Mansion West a Los Angeles bisa buƙatar Hugh Hefner don yin hira da matsayi a matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin jam'iyyar Valentine.: 07:35 Wannan damar da aka ba da ita ga ci gaba da dangantaka da Playboy da kuma shirye-shiryen rayuwa a Los Angeles, inda za ta iya bin aikin wasan kwaikwayo. Bozzio ya ki amincewa da tayin. Ba da daɗewa ba, ta sadu kuma ta sami aiki tare da Frank Zappa . <ref name="Interview" />{{Rp|07:20|date=November 2012}} Bozzio ya nuna tsirara ga Hustler a cikin fitowar Maris 1979.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fry |first=Greg |title=HUSTLER Covers |url=https://hustler50.com/hustler-covers/ |access-date=2025-11-01 |website=Hustler 50th Anniversary - Flynt Management |language=en-US}}</ref> == Raunin da ke barazana ga rayuwa == Dale ya farka makonni biyu bayan haka a cikin dakin zama na Frank Zappa zuwa Moon Unit Zappa yana wasa da garaya. Wannan makonni ne kawai bayan ta gama Joe's Garage tare da Zappa. Dale ya makance kuma yana fama da rauni. An sake tura Dale zuwa asibiti a Boston a kan tallafin rayuwa, inda ta kasance sama da watanni shida, a karkashin kulawar mahaifinta. Abin mamaki ga likitoci, ba ta mutu daga jini ba kuma ta warke. Nan da nan bayan ta warke, Frank Zappa ya gayyaci Dale don shiga tare da shi a yawon shakatawa na Turai, wanda ta yarda. A cewar Dale, lamarin ya yi wahayi zuwa ga kalmomin "Destination Unknown", "Windows", da sauran waƙoƙin da ta yi tare da Mutanen da suka ɓace. Dale ta ce ta gafarta wa wanda ya aikata ta. == Tare da Frank Zappa == Zappa ya hayar da Bozzio don yin murya da Maryamu a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Joe's Garage (1979), wanda ke ci gaba a lokacin.: 08:03 A wannan rawar, ta raira waƙa game da batutuwa kamar [[Cocin katolika|Cocin Roman Katolika]], jima'i, da al'adun rukuni na dutse.: 152-155 A cikin "Packard Goose", Bozzio, kuma a matsayin muryar Maryamu, ya ba da taƙaitaccen magana game da yadda bayanai, ilimi, hikima, gaskiya, kyakkyawa, ƙauna, da kiɗa ke da alaƙa da juna, tare da kiɗa a matsayin mafi kyau.<ref name="Lowe" />{{Rp|159|date=November 2012}} Hakanan ana iya jin muryar Bozzio a cikin fim din 1979 Baby Snakes kuma a cikin "Ba na so in tsara" (1980), zargi game da manufofin soja na Amurka a wannan lokacin. "Ba na son yin Drafted" an kuma haɗa shi a cikin kundin The Lost Episodes (1996). A shekara ta 1984, an jefa Bozzio a cikin kiɗa na Zappa Thing-Fish . A cikin furta rawar Rhonda, ta taka leda a gaban mijinta na ainihi a lokacin, Terry Bozzio, wanda ya bayyana halin Harry, mijin Rhonda. A cikin Thing-Fish, Bozzio ya bayyana wasu batutuwa na kundin kamar mata, jima'i na mata, matasa masu sana'a na birane, da kuma Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Broadway. {{Rp|188–194|date=November 2012}} A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1991, tare da sauran tsofaffi a bikin cika shekaru 50 na Zappa, Zappa's Universe, Dale ta sake fasalin kalmomin da take maimaitawa a cikin "Packard Goose" zuwa, "Music...and Frank Zappa...s are the best". == Mutanen da suka ɓace == Bozzio, tare da mai ba da gudummawa na Zappa Warren Cuccurullo da Terry Bozzio. Mutanen da suka ɓace sun sami bugawa da yawa a farkon rabin shekarun 1980 kuma sun rabu a 1986, jim kadan bayan fitowar kundi na uku mai taken Color in Your Life (1986). Bozzio ya ci gaba da yin rikodin da yin aiki bayan rushewar asalin ƙungiyar Missing Persons. A farkon shekarun 1990s, ta yi tafiya tare da ƙungiyar ta ta amfani da sunan ƙungiyar kuma tana yin waƙoƙin Missing Persons . A watan Yunin 2005, mutanen da suka ɓace tare da Dale Bozzio sun bayyana a mako na biyar na shirin [[NBC]] Hit Me Baby One More Time . Dale da Mutanen da suka ɓace an ambaci su a kakar wasa ta 2 na gidan talabijin na CW ''iZombie'' a cikin 2015. Wani hali mai maimaitawa wanda Jessica Harmon ta buga shi ne wakilin FBI Dale Bozzio, wanda ke aiki a kan shari'o'in mutanen da suka ɓace.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Room |first=iZombie Writers |date=October 27, 2015 |title=.@RobThomas isn't the only 1 sharing a name with a star singer. Meet Dale Bozzio from missing persons. #iZombiepic.twitter.com/gO2oUjnxY9 |url=https://twitter.com/izombiewriters/status/659175082959368192 |website=Twitter.com}}</ref> Mutanen da suka ɓace sun fitar da sabon kundin studio, Hollywood Lie, a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gotto |first=Connor |date=November 6, 2023 |title=Missing Persons - Hollywood Lie |url=https://retropopmagazine.com/missing-persons-hollywood-lie/ |access-date=January 24, 2024 |website=Retro Pop |publisher=Retro Pop}}</ref> == Ayyukan kansa == An saki kundin solo na Bozzio Riot a Turanci a cikin 1988 a kan Prince's Paisley Park Records, a ƙarƙashin sunan Dale . Jagoran "Simon Simon" ya kai # 33 a kan jadawalin rawa na Billboard.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Simon Simon (song by Dale) ••• Music VF, US & UK hits charts |url=https://musicvf.com/song.php?title=Simon+Simon+by+Dale&id=83482 |website=Musicvf.com}}</ref> An saki New Wave Sessions a ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 2007, a kan faifan compact ta Cleopatra Records . <ref name="iTune">{{Cite web |title=New Wave Sessions |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/new-wave-sessions/266759789 |access-date=28 January 2013 |publisher=iTunes}}</ref> Kundin ya haɗa da sababbin nau'ikan mutanen da suka ɓace "Words" da "Destination Unknown", da kuma murfin waƙoƙin 1980s "Funkytown", "Der Kommissar", "Turning Japanese", "I Know What Boys Like", da kuma "Girls Just Wanna Have Fun". A cikin 2010, an saki kundi na Bozzio na Make Love Not War da Talk EP a kan Electrik Blue Records . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Make Love Not War |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/make-love-not-war/id403603300 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124013149/http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/make-love-not-war/id403603300 |archive-date=November 24, 2010 |access-date=28 January 2013 |publisher=iTunes}}</ref> A cikin 2014, an saki Bozzio's Missing in Action a kan Cleopatra Records . <ref name="cleorecs.com" /> A cikin 2020, ta fitar da kundi na biyu na solo a matsayin Missing Persons mai taken Dreaming . Yawancin lokaci yana rufe waƙoƙin rock / pop na gargajiya daga shekarun 1960, 1970, da 1980. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Missing Persons Feat. Dale Bozzio – Dreaming |url=http://cleorecs.com/home/playlist/missing-persons-feat-dale-bozzio-dreaming/ |access-date=3 October 2020 |website=Cleorecs.com}}</ref> == Tasiri == Taurari na fim din baki da fari sun rinjayi Bozzio ciki har da Jean Harlow da Marlene Dietrich . : 06:21 Judy Garland, da Frank Zappa sun kuma rinjaye ta.<ref name="Interview" />: 11:57 Don aikinta tare da Mutanen da suka ɓace, Bozzio ta samo wahayi daga hotunan allo na 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na baki da fari; duk da haka, ta haɗa launi a cikin gabatarwarta.<ref name="Interview" />{{Rp|07:02}} Tasirinta ya kasance a bayan Gelvin Guitars SSM guitar da suka yi mata musamman tare da taken Spring Session M zuwa gare ta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RockSolidPickups – Professional pickups and more |url=https://rocksolidpickups.com/ |website=Rocksolidpickups.com |access-date=2026-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327093429/http://rocksolidpickups.com/ |archive-date=2023-03-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=MorleyView: Missing Persons featuring Dale Bozzio Interview |url=https://www.antimusic.com/morley/14/MissingPersons.shtml |website=Antimusic.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == A lokacin da take aiki tare da Zappa, ta sadu da mai bugawa Terry Bozzio a shekarar 1976. Sun yi aure a shekara ta 1979 bayan Terry ya zama memba na ƙungiyar UK. Sun sake aure a shekara de 1986, tare da Dale ta riƙe sunan aurenta. Tana da 'ya'ya biyu daga aurenta da Richard McKenzie .<ref>{{Cite web |title=Missing Persons |url=http://www.qvmagazine.com/qvArtist/missingpersons/ |access-date=November 17, 2013 |website=Qvmagazine.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2009, an same ta da laifin cin zarafin dabbobi bayan an sami wasu gawawwakin da ba su da abinci mai gina jiki a gidanta a Ossipee, New Hampshire yayin da take tafiya tare da ƙungiyarta; ta yi iƙirarin cewa mai kula da ita da ta hayar ya zauna a gidanta bai zo ba. An yanke mata hukuncin kwana 30 a kurkuku da sa'o'i 250 na hidimar al'umma, an hana ta kula da dabbobi, kuma an umarce ta da ta biya lissafin euthanization na $ 2700. A cikin littafinta na 2021 Life Is So Strange, Bozzio ta rubuta cewa ta kamu da Cutar Hashimoto bayan ta karɓi kayan nono. A cikin 2025, ɗanta Troy McKenzie ya bayyana a cikin wani GoFundMe fundraiser cewa tana fama da mummunar kwangila na capsular, yana buƙatar tiyata nan da nan don cire implants. == Bayanan da aka yi == === Tare da Frank Zappa === * ''Dokar Joe ta Garage I'' (1979) * ''Ayyukan Joe na Garage II &amp;amp; III'' (1979) * ''Abubuwan-Kama'' (1984) * ''Abubuwan da suka ɓace'' (1996) === Tare da Mutanen da suka ɓace === * ''Mutanen da suka ɓace EP'' (1980) No. 46 US&nbsp; * Spring Session M (1982, 1995) No. 17 US&nbsp; * Rhyme & Reason (1984, 2000) No. 43 US&nbsp; * ''Launi a Rayuwarka'' (1986, 2000) No. 88 US&nbsp; * ''Mafi Kyawun Mutanen da suka Ragu'' (1987) * ''Late Nights Early Days'' (1998) * Rubuce-rubucen da aka yi amfani da su (1999) * ''Waƙoƙin da suka ɓace'' (2002) * ''Classic Masters: Mutanen da suka ɓace'' (2002) * ''Mafi Kyawun Mutanen da suka Ragu (10 Mafi Kyawun Jerin) '' (2002) * Yin tafiya a LA: The Dance Mixes (2006) * Rayuwa daga Yankin Hadari! : Dale Bozzio & Mutanen da suka ɓace (Maris 2008, Acadia Records [UK / Turai] da Airline Records [US]) (Maris 2008, Acadia Records [UK/Yuropa] da Airline Records [US]) * Ya ɓace a cikin Ayyuka (2014) <ref name="cleorecs.com" /> * ''Mafarki'' (2020) * Hollywood Lie (2023) === Sakamako kawai === * ''Rikicin a Turanci'' (1988) * Sabbin Wave Sessions (2007) * Talk Talk EP (2010) * Yi soyayya ba yaƙi (2010) == Hotunan fina-finai da bidiyo == === Hotunan fina-finai === * Macijin jariri (1979) * Gidan cin abincin rana (1981) * ''Sararin samaniya na Zappa'' (1993) * ''Bikin Amurka na 1983 Kwanaki 1-3'' (2009) === Hotunan bidiyo === * ''Kalmomi'' (1981) * ''Hopscotch na Zuciya'' (1982) * ''Ba a san inda ya je ba'' (1982) * ''Mai Bayyanawa'' (1983) * ''Ka mika zuciyarka'' (1984) * ''Ka ba da'' (1984) * ''Yanzu'' (1984) * ''Ba zan iya tunani game da rawa ba'' (1986) ==== Tare da Frank Sinatra ==== * ''LA ita ce Uwargida'' (1984) ==== Kawai ==== * ''Simon'' Simon (1988) ==== Bayyanar baƙi ==== "Walking in LA" tare da Lunden Reign (Live a LA Pride Festival - Yuni 7, 2014) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == <templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Commonscat}} * {{IMDb name|0102556}} * [http://www.rockerzine.com/index.php/2014/02/dale-bozzio-of-missing-persons-missing-in-action/ Tattaunawar Dale Bozzio 2014 Rocker Magazine] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rnv_I6jPgBo Tattaunawar Dale Bozzio tare da Farfesa na Rock] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9q86jzhnus0o3wie33gx12ii31j66w8 0 173077 961630 942117 2026-10-02T00:23:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Edgar Joseph Feuchtwanger''' OBE (28 Satumba 1924 - 22 Agusta 2025) masanin tarihin Jamusanci ne. == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Feuchtwanger a [[München|Munich]], Bavaria, sannan Jamhuriyar Weimar . Shi dan Erna Rosina ne (née Rheinstrom) kuma lauya, malami, kuma marubuci Ludwig Feuchtwanger, kuma dan dan marubuci da marubucin wasan kwaikwayo Lion Feuchtwanger, wanda ya kasance mai sukar murya na Hitler da Nazis. Iyalinsa Yahudawa ne. Yayinda yake yaro, ya zauna tare da iyalinsa a Munich a kan Grillparzerstraße 38, kusa da gidan [[Adolf Hitler]] a Prinzregentenplatz 16.<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=I Was Hitler's Neighbour |url=http://www.historytoday.com/edgar-feuchtwanger/i-was-hitlers-neighbour |access-date=7 January 2013 |publisher=[[History Today]]}}</ref> Daga 1935 zuwa 1938, ya halarci Maximiliansgymnasium a garinsu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=http://www.maxgym.musin.de/ |website=maxgym.musin.de |access-date=2026-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260831112446/https://maxgym.musin.de/ |archive-date=2026-08-31 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Feuchtwanger yana da shekaru 14 lokacin da Gestapo ta kama mahaifinsa a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 1938, wani ɓangare na [[Kungiyoyin mutane|Kisan kiyashi]] da aka sani da ''Kristallnacht'', wanda ya haɗa da tsare Yahudawa 30,000 a Jamus da Austria, mutuwar 91, da kuma yaduwar fashi na shagunan Yahudawa da majami'u. Mahaifin Edgar Ludwig ya kasance a kurkuku a sansanin Dachau, kuma tunanin Edgar mai shekaru 14 na tsaro ya rushe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Former Jewish refugee recalls his neighbor from hell: Hitler |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/a-jewish-refugee-recalls-his-neighbor-from-hell-hitler/ |website=[[The Times of Israel]]}}</ref> Lokacin da aka saki mahaifinsa makonni shida bayan haka, iyalin sun yi la'akari da zaɓuɓɓukan ƙaura. Sun kori Falasdinu da Prague, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ghert-Z |first=Renee |title=Hitler's Jewish neighbor lived under Nazis' noses, is now locked down in the UK |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/hitlers-jewish-neighbor-lived-under-nazis-noses-is-now-quarantined-in-the-uk/ |access-date=21 April 2020 |website=The Times of Israel}}</ref> kuma daga ƙarshe sun sami damar samun biza ta shiga Burtaniya. A ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1939, Edgar ya shiga jirgin kasa zuwa London. Mahaifinsa ya bi shi har zuwa iyakar Denmark, sannan ya koma Jamus don kammala shirye-shiryen da shi da matarsa za su bi. A watan Mayu na wannan shekarar, an sake haɗa iyalin a Ingila. Daga 1944 zuwa 1947, Edgar ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Magdalene da ke Cambridge, inda ya sami digirin digirinsa a shekarar 1958. Daga 1959, ya koyar da tarihi a Jami'ar Southampton, har sai da ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1989.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2014 |title=The Bloke who Lived Opposite Hitler |url=http://www.southampton.ac.uk/bahs/news/events/2014/01/05_the_bloke_who_lived_opposite_hitler.page |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505074042/http://www.southampton.ac.uk/bahs/news/events/2014/01/05_the_bloke_who_lived_opposite_hitler.page |archive-date=5 May 2014 |access-date=5 May 2014 |publisher=University of Southampton}}</ref> A shekara ta 2003, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Tarayyar Tarayyar Jamus. A cikin shekara ta 2012, Feuchtwanger ya rubuta wani littafi tare da ɗan jaridar Faransa Bertil Scali yana kwatanta yarinta da Hitler mai taken Hitler, mon voisin: Souvenirs d'un enfant juif . [1] An buga shi a Turanci a Amurka a matsayin Hitler, My Neighbor a cikin 2017.[2] Feuchtwanger ya kuma wallafa wani tarihin kansa wanda ke kwatanta abubuwan da ya samu a lokacin "Third Reich" da kuma shekarun bayan yakin, mai taken I Was Hitler's Neighbor, a cikin 2015. [3][4] An nada Feuchtwanger a matsayin [[Order of the British Empire|Jami'in Order of the British Empire]] (OBE) a cikin 2021 New Year Honours don hidimomi ga fahimtar Anglo-Jamusanci da tarihi. Feuchtwanger ta auri Primrose Essame daga 1962 har zuwa mutuwarta a 2012 kuma tana da 'ya'ya uku.<ref name="nytimes" /> Ya mutu a Winchester, Ingila a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta 2025, yana da shekaru 100. <ref name="nytimes">{{Cite web |last=Risen |first=Clay |date=4 September 2025 |title=Edgar Feuchtwanger, Who Wrote About Being Hitler’s Neighbor, Dies at 100 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/04/world/europe/edgar-feuchtwanger-who-wrote-about-being-hitlers-neighbor-dies-at-100.html |access-date=4 September 2025 |publisher=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>[https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/edgar-feuchtwanger-historiker-nachruf-li.3303481 Man kann es für ein Wunder halten] {{In lang|de}}</ref> == Ayyukan da aka buga == * ''Disraeli, Dimokuradiyya da Jam'iyyar Tory'' . Jami'ar Oxford Press, 1968. * ''Prussia: Labari da Gaskiya''. Oswald Wolff Limited, 1970. * ''Rashin jin daɗi da Ci gaba: Shekara ta Tarihin Jamus'' . London: Wolf, 1973. * ''Gladstone''. [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 5] * ''Tarayyar Soviet da Duniya ta Uku''. Macmillan, 1981 (tare da Peter Nailor). * ''Dimokuradiyya da Daular: Burtaniya, 1865-1914''. Edward Arnold, 1985. * ''Daga Weimar zuwa Hitler: Jamus, 1918-33''. Palgrave Macmillan, 1993 (2nd revision edition, 1995). * Rashin fahimta. [Hasiya] * ''Daular Jamus 1850-1918''. [Hasiya] * ''Bismarck''. [Hasiya] Buga na biyu: Routledge, 2014. * ''Albert da Victoria''. Hambledon Continuum, 2007. * Hitler, maƙwabcinmu: Abubuwan tunawa da yaro Bayahude (tare da Bertil Scali). [Hotuna a shafi na 9] * Hitler, Makwabona (tare da Bertil Scali). New York: Sauran Labarai, 2017. * Kinderbriefe aus dem Exil: Edgar Feuchtwanger a Ingila 1939 (tare da Antonia Cox, ed. Anja Tuckermann). Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2024. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1924]] 311t1cijr9tuuh4dym83xh0j5qk0737 0 173297 961788 942804 2026-10-02T07:20:18Z BnHamid 12586 961788 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Helminthoglypta allynsmithi''''', '''Merced Canyon shoulderband''' ko Allyn Smith's banded snail, kwari nau'in ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ne na iska, ƙwayoyin gastropod mollusc na huhu a cikin iyalin Helminthoglyptidae . Wannan nau'in ya zama ruwan dare a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]]. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} jzgihljyeqh4hruprly93lnppl2ng29 0 173491 961520 943513 2026-10-01T18:28:45Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Ƙungiya */ 961520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona da Ayyukan Abokan Ciniki ta [[Virginia]]''' ('''VDACS''') hukumar ce ta Commonwealth na Virginia wacce ke da alhakin inganta ci gaban tattalin arziki da ci gaban bangaren noma na Virginia. Hakanan yana ba da sabis na kare muhalli da shirye-shiryen kare mabukaci. Kwamishinan Noma da Ayyukan Abokin Ciniki ne ke kula da sashen kuma ke jagorantar shi. Kwamishinan na yanzu shine Katie Frazier, wanda aka nada a ranar 17 ga Janairu, 2026. Ita ce Kwamishinan Aikin Gona da Ayyukan Abokan Ciniki na 19 na Virginia. Frazier ta kammala karatu daga Virginia Tech a shekara ta 2004 kuma tana da digiri a fannin noma da tattalin arziki da kimiyyar siyasa. Frazier ya shiga Majalisar Kasuwancin Noma ta Virginia a shekara ta 2004 kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugabanta daga shekaran 2012-18. A cikin 2018, ta koma Farm Credit of the Virginias . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alumna will guide Virginia’s agriculture and forestry industries |url=https://news.vt.edu/articles/2026/03/cals-katie-frazier.html}}</ref> == Ƙungiya == Sashen yana ƙarƙashin jagorancin da kuma kulawar Kwamishinan Noma da Ayyukan Abokin Ciniki, wanda Gwamnan Virginia ya nada. Sashen yana cikin Sakatariyar Aikin Gona da Kudancin Gwamna, wanda ke karkashin jagorancin Sakataren Gwamna na Aikin Gida da Kudanci. * Kwamishinan Noma da Ayyukan Abokin Ciniki ** Mataimakin Kwamishina *** Sashen Ayyukan Masana'antar Dabbobi da Abinci *** Sashen Ayyukan Abokan Ciniki *** Sashen Kasuwanci da Ci Gaban *** Sashen Ayyukan Kasuwanci == Manazarta == mn16n5ng6mhw49fppb640z9a4obo66k 0 173794 961667 944207 2026-10-02T04:52:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=|status=G1|status_system=TNC|status_ref=|genus=Erysimum|species=deflexum|authority=J. D. Hooker & Thomson|synonyms=}} '''''Erysimum deflexum''''', '''mustard mai lanƙwasa''', shuka ce mai ganye, memba ce ta dangin Brassicaceae . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Centaurea demirizii Wagenitz — The Plant List |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/gcc-20565 |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=www.theplantlist.org}}</ref> == Bayani == Tsawon gangar jikin yana tsakanin santimita 20 zuwa 25, kuma furanni suna da faɗin santimita 1.5 zuwa 2. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://www.alpinegardensociety.net/ |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=Alpine Garden Society |language=en}}</ref> == Rarrabawa == Nau'i ne na asali a Gabashin Himalayas . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erysimum deflexum Hook.f. & Thomson {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:283755-1 |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=Plants of the World Online |language=en}}</ref> == Tsarin Haraji == Joseph Dalton Hooker ne ya sanya masa suna, kuma George Thomson, a cikin ''J. Proc.'' ''Linn.'' ''Soc.'' , Bot. 5:165. a shekarar 1861. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erysimum deflexum in Flora of China @ efloras.org |url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200009523 |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=www.efloras.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=taxonomy |title=Taxonomy browser (Erysimum deflexum) |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?name=Erysimum+deflexum |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov}}</ref> == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.k000693782 Isotype na Erysimum deflexum Cullen - iyali CRUCIFERAE] * https://web.archive.org/web/20241212021912/http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/PDF/PDF08/ERYSIMUM.pdf {{Taxonbar|from=Q10932324}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 665fox943ucqrr2utfwzdijzv9i76nb 0 174074 961383 945258 2026-10-01T12:33:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Ayyukan fataucin dabbobi sun haifar da fitowar [[Zoonosis|cututtukan dabbobi]]. Cinikin namun daji na waje masana'antar dala biliyan da ta shafi cirewa da jigilar dabbobi masu shayarwa, dabbobi masu rarrafe, dabbobi marasa ruwa, dabbobi, da kifi a duk faɗin duniya.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ashley S, Brown S, Ledford J, Martin J, Nash AE, Terry A, Tristan T, Warwick C |date=2014-10-02 |title=Morbidity and mortality of invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals at a major exotic companion animal wholesaler |journal=Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=308–21 |doi=10.1080/10888705.2014.918511 |pmid=24875063 |s2cid=31768738}}</ref> Ana amfani da dabbobi na daji don cin nama, dabbobi masu ban sha'awa, kayan ado na fata na dabba, kayan ado da gida, gidajen namun daji masu zaman kansu, da kuma ayyukan magani na gargajiya. Tun ƙarni da yawa, mutane daga Afirka, <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2011 |title=Traditional-Medical Knowledge and Perception of Pangolins (Manis sps) among the Awori People, Southwestern Nigeria. |url=https://www.pangolinsg.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2016/06/Soewu-and-Adekanola-2011-Traditional-use-in-Nigeria.pdf |journal=Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722163308/https://www.pangolinsg.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2016/06/Soewu-and-Adekanola-2011-Traditional-use-in-Nigeria.pdf |archive-date=2023-07-22 |access-date=2026-09-18 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Da Nóbrega Alves |first=Rômulo Romeu |last2=Da Silva Vieira |first2=Washington Luiz |last3=Santana |first3=Gindomar Gomes |date=2008 |title=Reptiles used in traditional folk medicine: conservation implications |url=http://www.seaturtle.org/PDF/NobregoAlvesRR_2008_BiodiversityConserv.pdf |journal=Biodiversity and Conservation |volume=17 |issue=8 |pages=2037–2049 |doi=10.1007/s10531-007-9305-0 |s2cid=42500066}}</ref> Asiya, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Costa-Neto |first=Eraldo M. |date=2005 |title=Animal-based medicines: biological prospection and the sustainable use of zootherapeutic resources |url=https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/327/32777104.pdf |journal=Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências |language=en |volume=77 |issue=1 |pages=33–43 |doi=10.1590/S0001-37652005000100004 |issn=0001-3765 |pmid=15692677 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jugli |first=Salomi |last2=Chakravorty |first2=Jharna |last3=Meyer-Rochow |first3=Victor Benno |date=2019-06-15 |title=Zootherapeutic uses of animals and their parts: an important element of the traditional knowledge of the Tangsa and Wancho of eastern Arunachal Pradesh, North-East India |journal=Environment, Development and Sustainability |language=en |volume=22 |issue=5 |pages=4699–4734 |doi=10.1007/s10668-019-00404-6 |issn=1573-2975 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nijman |first=Vincent |name-list-style=vanc |date=2010-04-01 |title=An overview of international wildlife trade from Southeast Asia |journal=Biodiversity and Conservation |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=1101–1114 |doi=10.1007/s10531-009-9758-4 |issn=1572-9710 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Zhang L, Hua N, Sun S |date=2008-06-01 |title=Wildlife trade, consumption and conservation awareness in southwest China |journal=Biodiversity and Conservation |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=1493–1516 |doi=10.1007/s10531-008-9358-8 |issn=1572-9710 |pmc=7088108 |pmid=32214694}}</ref> Latin Amurka, [4] Gabas ta Tsakiya, [4] da Turai [5] sun yi amfani da ƙasusuwan dabbobi, ƙaho, ko gabobin don tasirin warkarwa akan jikin mutum.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Alves |first=Rômulo RN |last2=Alves |first2=Humberto N. |date=2011-03-07 |title=The faunal drugstore: Animal-based remedies used in traditional medicines in Latin America |journal=Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine |volume=7 |issue=1 |page=9 |doi=10.1186/1746-4269-7-9 |issn=1746-4269 |pmc=3060860 |pmid=21385357 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Souto |first=Wedson Medeiros Silva |last2=Barboza |first2=Raynner Rilke Duarte |last3=Fernandes-Ferreira |first3=Hugo |last4=Júnior |first4=Arnaldo José Correia Magalhães |last5=Monteiro |first5=Julio Marcelino |last6=Abi-chacra |first6=Érika de Araújo |last7=Alves |first7=Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega |date=2018-09-17 |title=Zootherapeutic uses of wildmeat and associated products in the semiarid region of Brazil: general aspects and challenges for conservation |journal=Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=60 |doi=10.1186/s13002-018-0259-y |issn=1746-4269 |pmc=6142313 |pmid=30223856 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=2016 |title=Zootherapy: A study from the Northwestern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan |url=http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2ac9/99c110ecb645ef345acce77045cb659c3bbd.pdf |journal=Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge |s2cid=54552844 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190220231009/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2ac9/99c110ecb645ef345acce77045cb659c3bbd.pdf |archive-date=2019-02-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=2010 |title=A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF ZOOTHERAPEUTIC REMEDIES FROM SELECTED AREAS IN ALBANIA, ITALY, SPAIN AND NEPAL |url=http://etnobotanica.us/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/2010-Quave-et-all-zootherapy.pdf |journal=Journal of Ethnobiology}}</ref> Ana samun tigers na daji, [[Yin farautar Rhino a Assam|Rhinos]], [[Giwa|giwaye]], pangolins, da wasu nau'ikan dabbobi masu rarrafe ta hanyar ayyukan kasuwanci na doka da ba bisa ka'ida ba don ci gaba da waɗannan ayyukan warkarwa na al'adu na tarihi. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata kusan ƙungiyoyin dabbobi na daji 975 an fitar da su bisa doka da ba bisa ka'ida ba daga Afirka kuma an shigo da su zuwa yankuna kamar Chana, Japan, Indonesia, Amurka, Rasha, Turai, da Kudancin Amurka.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Rosen GE, Smith KF |date=August 2010 |title=Summarizing the evidence on the international trade in illegal wildlife |journal=EcoHealth |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=24–32 |doi=10.1007/s10393-010-0317-y |pmc=7087942 |pmid=20524140}}</ref> Cinyewa ko mallakar dabbobi masu ban sha'awa na iya ba da haɗarin lafiya ba zato ba tsammani ba. Dabbobi da yawa, na daji ko na gida, suna ɗauke da [[Cutar|Cututtukan cututtuka]] kuma kusan kashi 75% na cututtuken namun daji cututtukani ne na cututfumin da ke dauke da cututfumen.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Pfeffer M, Dobler G |date=April 2010 |title=Emergence of zoonotic arboviruses by animal trade and migration |journal=Parasites & Vectors |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=35 |doi=10.1186/1756-3305-3-35 |pmc=2868497 |pmid=20377873 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Cututtukan zoonotic cututtuka ne masu rikitarwa da ke zaune a cikin dabbobi kuma ana iya watsa su ga mutane. Fitowar cututtukan zoonotic yawanci yana faruwa a matakai uku. Da farko cutar ta yadu ta hanyar jerin abubuwan da suka faru tsakanin mazauna gida da dabbobin daji da ke zaune a kusa. Cututtuka sai su bazu ta hanyar jerin hanyoyin hulɗa kai tsaye, hanyoyin hulɗa na kai tsaye, abinci mai gurbatawa, ko watsawar da ke dauke da kwayoyin cuta. Bayan daya daga cikin wadannan hanyoyin yaduwa ya faru, cutar ta karu sosai a cikin yawan mutane da ke zaune a kusa.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=vanc}}</ref> Bayan bayyanar annobar COVID-19, wanda asalinsa ya danganta da Kasuwar Kasuwancin Ruwa na Huanan a [[Wuhan]], China, [[Elizabeth Mrema|Elizabeth Maruma Mrema]], mukaddashin sakataren zartarwa na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Bambancin Halitta, ya yi kira ga haramtacciyar duniya kan kasuwannin namun daji don hana annobar gaba. Sauran sun kuma yi kira ga cikakken haramtacciyar cinikin namun daji na duniya ko kuma don a aiwatar da haramtacciya da ke akwai, don rage zalunci ga dabbobi da kuma rage haɗarin kiwon lafiya ga mutane, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beirne |first=Piers |date=May 2021 |title=Wildlife Trade and COVID-19: Towards a Criminology of Anthropogenic Pathogen Spillover |url=https://academic.oup.com/bjc/article/61/3/607/6031472?login=true |journal=[[The British Journal of Criminology]] |language= |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |volume=61 |issue=3 |pages=607–626 |doi=10.1093/bjc/azaa084 |issn=1464-3529 |jfm= |jstor= |mr= |pmc=7953978 |zbl= |id= |access-date=19 September 2021 |quote=Wildlife trade, both legal and illegal and in all jurisdictions, must be abolished. All this must be done with due respect for differently resourced low- and middle-income countries and for the needs of those indigenes who through physical need and customary tradition engage in (non-commodified) subsistence hunting.}}</ref> ko don aiwatar da wasu matakan hana cututtuka maimakon haramtacciyan haramtacciyoyi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ceballos |first=Gerardo |last2=Ehrlich |first2=Paul R. |last3=Raven |first3=Peter H. |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Vertebrates on the brink as indicators of biological annihilation and the sixth mass extinction |journal=[[PNAS]] |volume=117 |issue=24 |pages=13596–13602 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11713596C |doi=10.1073/pnas.1922686117 |pmc=7306750 |pmid=32482862 |quote="The horrific coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic that we are experiencing, of which we still do not fully understand the likely economic, political, and social global impacts, is linked to wildlife trade. It is imperative that wildlife trade for human consumption is considered a gigantic threat to both human health and wildlife conservation. Therefore, it has to be completely banned, and the ban strictly enforced, especially in China, Vietnam, Indonesia, and other countries in Asia" |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="WASH">{{Cite journal |last=Nadimpalli |first=Maya L |last2=Pickering |first2=Amy J |year=2020 |title=A call for global monitoring of WASH in wet markets |journal=The Lancet Planetary Health |volume=4 |issue=10 |pages=e439–e440 |doi=10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30204-7 |issn=2542-5196 |pmc=7541042 |pmid=33038315}}</ref><ref name="COVID-planetary">{{Cite journal |last=Petrikova |first=Ivica |last2=Cole |first2=Jennifer |last3=Farlow |first3=Andrew |year=2020 |title=COVID-19, wet markets, and planetary health |url= |journal=The Lancet Planetary Health |volume=4 |issue=6 |pages=e213–e214 |doi=10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30122-4 |issn=2542-5196 |pmc=7832206 |pmid=32559435}}</ref><ref name="Lancet-Planet">{{Cite journal |last=Barnett |first=Tony |last2=Fournié |first2=Guillaume |date=January 2021 |title=Zoonoses and wet markets: beyond technical interventions |journal=The Lancet Planetary Health |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=e2–e3 |doi=10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30294-1 |issn=2542-5196 |pmc=7789916 |pmid=33421407}}</ref> == Ɗaya daga cikin Ra'ayoyin Lafiya == Ana ci gaba da magance cinikin namun daji ta hanyar tsarin Lafiya guda ɗaya saboda lafiyar mutane, dabbobi, da yanayin halittu suna da alaƙa da juna.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 October 2023 |title=One Health |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/one-health |access-date=22 March 2026 |website=World Health Organization}}</ref> Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta bayyana One Health a matsayin hadin gwiwa, hanyar haɗin kai wanda ke haɗa mutane, dabbobi, da muhalli, kuma ya lura cewa cinikayya a cikin dabbobi masu rai na daji na iya ƙara yiwuwar yaduwar cutar cikin mutane.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 October 2023 |title=One Health |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/one-health |access-date=22 March 2026 |website=World Health Organization}}</ref> A cikin jerin kayayyakin cinikin namun daji, kamawa, sufuri, riƙewa, da siyarwa na iya kawo dabbobin daji, dabbobin gida, da mutane cikin kusanci, musamman inda jin daɗin dabbobi, tsabta, da matakan tsaro suke da iyaka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Karesh |first=William B. |last2=Grillo |first2=Tiggy |last3=Machalaba |first3=Catherine |last4=Roberts |first4=Helen |last5=Diaz |first5=François |last6=Muset |first6=Sophie |last7=Hamilton |first7=Keith |year=2025 |title=Guidelines for addressing disease risks in wildlife trade |journal=One Health |volume=20 |doi=10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.100998 |pmc=11926677}}</ref> WOAH ya jaddada cewa ya kamata a magance lafiyar namun daji, lafiyar yanayin halittu, da lafiyar ɗan adam tare, maimakon a matsayin bangarori daban-daban.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One Health |url=https://www.woah.org/en/what-we-do/global-initiatives/one-health/ |access-date=22 March 2026 |website=World Organisation for Animal Health}}</ref> === Masu haifar da bayyanar cututtuka === Ayyukan ɗan adam waɗanda ke canza yanayin halittu na iya ƙara haɗarin cutar da ke da alaƙa da cinikin namun daji. A cewar WHO, mahimman abubuwan damuwa sun haɗa da cinikin dabbobi, noma, kiwon dabbobi, birni, masana'antu masu fitarwa, canjin yanayi, raguwar mazaunin, da shiga cikin yankunan daji.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 October 2023 |title=One Health |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/one-health |access-date=22 March 2026 |website=World Health Organization}}</ref> UNEP ta kuma bayyana fitowar zoonotic kamar yadda canjin amfani da ƙasa, amfani da namun daji, da kuma karfafa hulɗa tsakanin mutane, dabbobin gida, da dabbobin daji.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 February 2020 |title=Preventing the next pandemic - Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission |url=https://www.unep.org/resources/report/preventing-future-zoonotic-disease-outbreaks-protecting-environment-animals-and |access-date=22 March 2026 |website=United Nations Environment Programme}}</ref> Wadannan matsin lamba na iya hulɗa tare da sarkar cinikin namun daji, inda dabbobi daga tushe daban-daban da jinsuna za a iya haɗuwa yayin girbi, sufuri, da sayarwa a kasuwa, samar da ƙarin dama don watsa kwayar cuta da zubar da jini.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Karesh |first=William B. |last2=Grillo |first2=Tiggy |last3=Machalaba |first3=Catherine |last4=Roberts |first4=Helen |last5=Diaz |first5=François |last6=Muset |first6=Sophie |last7=Hamilton |first7=Keith |year=2025 |title=Guidelines for addressing disease risks in wildlife trade |journal=One Health |volume=20 |doi=10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.100998 |pmc=11926677}}</ref> === Rigakafi da rage haɗari === Jagoran kwanan nan ya kara karfafa gudanar da hadari a duk faɗin kasuwancin namun daji maimakon amsa ɗaya. Wani bita mai sauri da WOAH ta ba da umarni ya sami gagarumin gibin shaida amma ya kammala cewa ya kamata a kimanta dabarun rigakafin cututtuka dangane da yiwuwar, dorewa, tasirin bambancin halittu, kariya ta lafiyar jama'a, da hanyoyin rayuwa na gida. Jagororin WOAH na 2024 don magance haɗarin cututtuka a cikin kasuwancin namun daji sun ba da shawarar tsarin babban matakin da ya danganci aikin masu ruwa da tsaki, taswirar tsarin, gano haɗari, kimanta haɗari, gudanar da haɗari, sadarwa ta haɗari, da saka idanu da kimantawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Karesh |first=William B. |last2=Grillo |first2=Tiggy |last3=Machalaba |first3=Catherine |last4=Roberts |first4=Helen |last5=Diaz |first5=François |last6=Muset |first6=Sophie |last7=Hamilton |first7=Keith |year=2025 |title=Guidelines for addressing disease risks in wildlife trade |journal=One Health |volume=20 |doi=10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.100998 |pmc=11926677}}</ref> A cikin tsarin Kiwon Lafiya guda ɗaya, matakan da aka ba da shawarar sun haɗa da sa ido mai ƙarfi, ingantaccen tsabtace jiki da ka'idojin tsaro, rage haɗuwa da nau'o'in haɗari, kariya ga amincin yanayin halittu, da daidaitawa tsakanin likitocin dabbobi, lafiyar jama'a, muhalli, da hukumomin kasuwanci.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 October 2023 |title=One Health |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/one-health |access-date=22 March 2026 |website=World Health Organization}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=One Health |url=https://www.woah.org/en/what-we-do/global-initiatives/one-health/ |access-date=22 March 2026 |website=World Organisation for Animal Health}}</ref> == Nau'o'in yaduwar cututtukan dabbobi == Ana samun watsawa kai tsaye lokacin da mutane suka haɗu da gurbataccen turare, fitsari, tushen ruwa, ko ruwa na jiki. Rashin yaduwar Ruwa na jiki na iya faruwa ko dai daga cinye cututtukan ko ta hanyar bude rauni. Bayar da sadarwa ta kai tsaye tana faruwa ne lokacin da mutane ke hulɗa a cikin mazaunin jinsin da suka kamu da cutar. Sau da yawa ana fallasa mutane ga gurbataccen ƙasa, tsire-tsire, da kuma wuraren da ƙwayoyin cuta ke nan. Cutar abinci mai gurbatawa tana faruwa ne lokacin da mutane suka ci naman daji mai gurbata, kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, ko shan ruwa mai gurbata. Sau da yawa waɗannan abinci da ruwa suna gurɓata ta hanyar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, tsuntsaye, ko birai masu kamuwa da cuta. Ana samun yaduwar cututtukan cututtukani ne lokacin da mutane suka cinye su da cututtukansun cututtukanakun cututfumin cututtukun cututhun cututtukansu kamar [[sauro]] da kwari.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=May |first=Clint |name-list-style=vanc |title=Transmission Routes of Zoonotic Diseases |url=http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Zoonoses/assets/English/zoonotic_dz_transmission.pdf}}</ref> Sauran dalilai na karuwar yaduwar cututtuka sun haɗa da [[Sauyin yanayi|Canjin yanayi]], cinikayya ta duniya, hanzarta ayyukan katako, karuwar ban ruwa, ayyukan jima'i tsakanin mutane, ƙarin jini, da ci gaban birni kusa da yanayin halittu masu kamuwa da cuta.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Lindahl JF, Grace D |date=2015-11-27 |title=The consequences of human actions on risks for infectious diseases: a review |journal=Infection Ecology & Epidemiology |volume=5 |doi=10.3402/iee.v5.30048 |pmc=4663196 |pmid=26615822}}</ref> == Hadarin kiwon lafiya na cututtukan dabbobi == Cinikin dabbobi na daji na waje ya yarda da [[Cutar|Cututtukan cututtuka]] da yawa waɗanda ke haifar da sakamako mai haɗari ga rayuwar mutane idan an kwangila. Masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa kawar da yaduwar cututtukan cututtuka ba daidai ba ne. Maimakon haka, aiwatar da matakan tantance kiwon lafiya da sa ido ana ɗaukar su da mahimmanci don rage haɗarin yaduwa tsakanin yawan mutane da nau'in namun daji da ke cikin kasuwanci, musamman a mahimman wurare tare da sarkar kasuwanci, kamar kamawa, sufuri, da siyarwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Guidelines for Addressing Disease Risks in Wildlife Trade |url=https://www.woah.org/app/uploads/2024/05/wildlife-trade-guidelines.pdf |access-date=18 March 2026 |publisher=World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH)}}</ref> Kowace shekara, kashi 15.8% na mutuwar mutane an haɗa su da barkewar cututtukan cututtukani masu haɗari da ke da alaƙa da fataucin mutane.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Salyer SJ, Silver R, Simone K, Barton Behravesh C |date=December 2017 |title=Prioritizing Zoonoses for Global Health Capacity Building-Themes from One Health Zoonotic Disease Workshops in 7 Countries, 2014-2016 |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |volume=23 |issue=13 |pages=S55–S64 |doi=10.3201/eid2313.170418 |pmc=5711306 |pmid=29155664}}</ref> Masu bincike, masu ilimin dabbobi, da masu ilimin muhalli sun ƙayyade cewa ƙasashe masu talauci a [[Afirka]] na iya danganta kusan kashi 44% na waɗannan mutuwar saboda cututtukan da suka shafi cutar [[zoonosis]].<ref name=":0" /> == Abubuwan da ke haifar da al'adu da bayyanar cututtuka a Afirka == Mutanen da ke Afirka suna fuskantar haɗarin karuwa da aika cututtukan zoonotic masu barazana ga rayuwa. An dauki nahiyar a matsayin wuri mai zafi don yaduwar cututtuka masu tasowa saboda dalilai kamar abubuwan da ke cikin al'adun zamantakewa, noma da dabbobi, hanyoyin amfani da ƙasa, tasirin duniya, da ayyukan halayyar amfani.<ref name=":3" /> === Abubuwan rayuwa na zamantakewa da al'adu === Yawancin 'yan Afirka suna rayuwa ne daga cinikin namun daji saboda yawan bukatar da ake bukata a kasuwa don dabbobi masu ban sha'awa. Wadannan mutane da ke shiga cikin ayyukan farauta suna iya samar da kudin shiga ta hanyar siyarwa ga masu siyarwa a duk duniya. Koyaya, mafarauta suna da saukin haɗuwa da ɗigon ruwa, tushen ruwa, ƙasa, gawawwakin, da ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin halitta yayin tafiya a cikin daji. Da zarar sun sami nasarar farauta kuma sun kashe dabbar daji, suna cikin haɗarin jini ko canja wurin ruwa na jiki daga kusanci da nau'in da suka kamu da cutar. Har ila yau, suna cikin haɗarin karuwa na girbi cututtukan da ke dauke da arthropod a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Sau da yawa ana iya samun ƙwayoyin cuta a kan dabba ta daji ko a cikin mazaunin da ke kewaye da ita. === Hanyoyin kiwo da amfani da ƙasa === Binciken da aka gudanar a [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] ya nuna manyan gibin da ke cikin ilimin mazauna game da cututtukan dabbobi. Mutanen da ke cikin waɗannan al'ummomin makiyaya sun yarda da alamun kiwon lafiya da aka saba samu a cikin mutane da dabbobi, duk da haka ba su da lokacin da aka tsara don [[zoonosis]] kuma sun yi imanin cewa cututtukan ba su da barazana ga rayuwa. Masu bincike sun gano cewa al'ummomin makiyaya sun fi damuwa da kiyaye al'adun al'adu na samar da abinci mai dafa abinci maimakon yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta da aka girbe daga dabbobi.<ref name=":3" /> === Tasirin duniya === Girman birane na sababbin mahalli a Afirka yana ƙara tsarin ƙaura na mutane. Sabbin ƙauyuka da abubuwan jan hankali na yawon bude ido kusa da waɗannan wuraren zama na namun daji suna kawo mutane masu rauni ba tare da rigakafin cututtuka ba kusa da wuraren cututtuka.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Aguirre AA |date=December 2017 |title=Changing Patterns of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife, Domestic Animals, and Humans Linked to Biodiversity Loss and Globalization |journal=ILAR Journal |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=315–318 |doi=10.1093/ilar/ilx035 |pmid=29253148 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Halin amfani === Babban yiwuwar kamuwa da cututtukan zoonotic masu kisa yana faruwa a lokacin tsarin dafa nama na daji. Yin dafa nama mai ban sha'awa yana buƙatar wuƙaƙe masu kaifi, aiki mai ɗorewa, da ƙwarewar dabarun lokacin da aka yanka dabba daidai. Masu amfani galibi suna sayen nama kai tsaye daga masu farauta na Afirka. Wannan yana nufin ba su da hanyar sanin ko dabbar daji tana ɗauke da cututtukan zoonotic masu haɗari. A matsakaita mutane sun yanke kansu kashi 38% na lokacin da suke yanka nama na daji, suna ba da damar watsa ruwan da ya kamu da cutar. Mata na Afirka sun fi kamuwa da waɗannan cututtukan zoonotic masu haɗari saboda su ne ke sarrafawa da dafa naman daji. == Zoonoses a cikin kasuwannin namun daji == Idan ba a kiyaye ka'idodin [[Tsabtace Yanayi|tsabtace muhalli]] ba, kasuwannin dabbobi masu rai na iya watsa cututtukan dabbobi. Saboda budewa, sabbin dabbobi da aka gabatar na iya shiga hulɗa kai tsaye tare da masu siyarwa, masu yanka, da kwastomomi ko wasu dabbobi waɗanda ba za su taɓa hulɗa da su a cikin daji ba. Wannan na iya ba da damar wasu dabbobi suyi aiki a matsayin matsakaici, suna taimakawa cutar da ta yadu ga mutane. Saboda ka'idojin tsabtace muhalli da alaƙa da yaduwar zoonoses da annoba, masu sukar sun haɗa kasuwannin dabbobi masu rai tare da noma a masana'antu a matsayin manyan haɗarin lafiya a China da kuma duk faɗin duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-04-09 |title=China's Wet Markets, America's Factory Farming |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/2020/04/chinas-wet-markets-americas-factory-farming-both-violate-moral-common-sense/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409161624/https://www.nationalreview.com/2020/04/chinas-wet-markets-americas-factory-farming-both-violate-moral-common-sense/ |archive-date=9 April 2020 |access-date=2020-04-10 |website=National Review |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Building a factory farmed future, one pandemic at a time |url=https://www.grain.org/en/article/6418-building-a-factory-farmed-future-one-pandemic-at-a-time |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411114030/https://www.grain.org/en/article/6418-building-a-factory-farmed-future-one-pandemic-at-a-time |archive-date=11 April 2020 |access-date=2020-04-10 |website=grain.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=One welfare and Covid-19 |url=https://sustainablefoodtrust.org/articles/one-welfare-and-covid-19/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421070157/https://sustainablefoodtrust.org/articles/one-welfare-and-covid-19/ |archive-date=21 April 2020 |access-date=2020-04-10 |website=Sustainable Food Trust |language=en}}</ref> A watan Maris da Afrilu 2020, wasu rahotanni sun ce kasuwannin namun daji a Asiya, Afirka, <ref name="sierraclub.org">{{Cite web |date=2020-03-26 |title=China Could End the Global Trade in Wildlife |url=https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/china-could-end-global-trade-wildlife |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407022809/https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/china-could-end-global-trade-wildlife |archive-date=7 April 2020 |access-date=2020-03-30 |website=Sierra Club |language=en}}</ref> kuma gabaɗaya a duk faɗin duniya suna da haɗarin kiwon lafiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coronavirus expert calls for shut down of Asia's wildlife markets |url=https://9now.nine.com.au/60-minutes/coronavirus-expert-shut-down-of-asias-wet-wildlife-markets-60-minutes/f7f7781f-8e44-4eb8-9704-804b1e1680ca |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330191538/https://9now.nine.com.au/60-minutes/coronavirus-expert-shut-down-of-asias-wet-wildlife-markets-60-minutes/f7f7781f-8e44-4eb8-9704-804b1e1680ca |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=2020-03-30 |website=Nine News Australia |language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Africa Risks Virus Outbreak From Wildlife Trade |url=https://wildaid.org/africa-risks-virus-outbreak-from-wildlife-trade/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200322041105/https://wildaid.org/africa-risks-virus-outbreak-from-wildlife-trade/ |archive-date=22 March 2020 |access-date=2020-03-30 |website=WildAid |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mekelburg |first=Madlin |title=Fact-check: Is Chinese culture to blame for the coronavirus? |url=https://www.statesman.com/news/20200326/fact-check-is-chinese-culture-to-blame-for-coronavirus |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329103945/https://www.statesman.com/news/20200326/fact-check-is-chinese-culture-to-blame-for-coronavirus |archive-date=29 March 2020 |access-date=2020-03-30 |website=Austin American-Statesman |language=en}}</ref> === Kwayar cutar tsuntsaye === Ana iya gano barkewar cutar H5N1 avian flu zuwa kasuwannin dabbobi masu rai inda yiwuwar yaduwar zoonotic ta karu sosai. === COVID-19 === The exact origin of the [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|COVID-19 pandemic]] is yet to be confirmed as of February 2021 and was originally linked to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in [[Wuhan]], China due to reports that two-thirds of the initial cases had direct exposure to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan.<ref name="Hui I Azhar Madani Ntoumi 2020 pp. 264–266">{{Cite journal |last=Hui |first=David S. |last2=I Azhar |first2=Esam |last3=Madani |first3=Tariq A. |last4=Ntoumi |first4=Francine |last5=Kock |first5=Richard |last6=Dar |first6=Osman |last7=Ippolito |first7=Giuseppe |last8=Mchugh |first8=Timothy D. |last9=Memish |first9=Ziad A. |last10=Drosten |first10=Christian |author-link10=Christian Drosten |last11=Zumla |first11=Alimuddin |last12=Petersen |first12=Eskild |year=2020 |title=The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health – The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China |url=https://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201-9712(20)30011-4/fulltext |journal=International Journal of Infectious Diseases |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=91 |pages=264–266 |doi=10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009 |issn=1201-9712 |pmc=7128332 |pmid=31953166 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Huang24Jan2020">{{Cite journal |last=Huang |first=Chaolin |last2=Wang |first2=Yeming |last3=Li |first3=Xingwang |last4=Ren |first4=Lili |last5=Zhao |first5=Jianping |last6=Hu |first6=Yi |last7=Zhang |first7=Li |last8=Fan |first8=Guohui |last9=Xu |first9=Jiuyang |last10=Gu |first10=Xiaoying |last11=Cheng |first11=Zhenshun |date=24 January 2020 |title=Clinical features of patients infected with 2019&nbsp;novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China |journal=[[The Lancet]] |volume=395 |issue=10223 |pages=497–506 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5 |issn=0140-6736 |pmc=7159299 |pmid=31986264 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Keevil24Jan2020">{{Cite web |last=Keevil |first=William |last2=Lang |first2=Trudie |last3=Hunter |first3=Paul |last4=Solomon |first4=Tom |date=24 January 2020 |title=Expert reaction to first clinical data from initial cases of new coronavirus in China |url=https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-first-clinical-data-from-initial-cases-of-new-coronavirus-in-china/ |access-date=24 January 2020 |website=Science Media Centre}}</ref> although a 2021 WHO investigation concluded that the Huanan market was unlikely to be the origin due to the existence of earlier cases.<ref name="APNews20210211" /> The Huanan market sold "live wolf pups, salamanders, civets, and bamboo rats" amongst other species. Sauran ra'ayoyi da bayanan da ba daidai ba sun fito ne a watan Janairu cewa an halicci ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, amma masana kimiyya da kafofin watsa labarai sun ƙi waɗannan da'awar a matsayin jita-jita marasa tushe da ka'idojin makirci.<ref name="Forbes-examination" /><ref name="CBS-conspiracy">{{Cite web |last=Kate Gibson |date=3 February 2020 |title=Twitter bans Zero Hedge after it posts coronavirus conspiracy theory |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/twitter-bans-zero-hedge-coronavirus-conspiracy-theory/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203232344/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/twitter-bans-zero-hedge-coronavirus-conspiracy-theory/ |archive-date=3 February 2020 |access-date=4 February 2020 |website=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> A watan Afrilu na 2020, jami'an leken asiri na Amurka sun kaddamar da gwaje-gwaje a cikin rahotanni da ba a tabbatar da su ba cewa kwayar cutar ta samo asali ne daga bayyanar da kimiyya ke nazarin kwayar cuta a cikin jemagu a Cibiyar Nazarin Kwayar cuta ta Wuhan mai iya BSL-4 maimakon kasuwar namun daji. A ranar 3 ga Mayu 2020, Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Amurka Mike Pompeo ya yi iƙirarin cewa akwai "babban shaida" cewa barkewar cutar coronavirus ta samo asali ne a dakin gwaje-gwaje na kasar Sin. Koyaya, Pompeo daga baya ya nisanta kansa daga da'awar, yayin da masu binciken ƙwayoyin cuta suka bayyana cewa bayanan da ke akwai sun nuna cewa babu damar rashin halayyar kimiyya ko sakaci irin wannan cewa kwayar cutar ta fito daga dakin gwaje-gwaje.<ref name="science_inquiry">{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Science News |date=4 May 2020 |title=Pressure grows on China for independent investigation into pandemic's origins |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/pressure-grows-china-independent-investigation-pandemic-s-origins |access-date=25 May 2020 |website=Science {{!}} AAAS |language=en}}</ref><ref name="grahamb:20">{{Cite journal |last=Graham |first=Rachel L. |last2=Baric |first2=Ralph S. |date=May 2020 |title=SARS-CoV-2: Combating Coronavirus Emergence |journal=[[Immunity (journal)|Immunity]] |volume=52 |issue=5 |pages=734–736 |doi=10.1016/j.immuni.2020.04.016 |pmc=7207110 |pmid=32392464 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A watan Mayu 2020, George Gao, darektan [[Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin Cututtuka ta kasar Sin]], ya ce samfurori na dabbobi da aka tattara daga kasuwar kifin teku sun gwada marasa lafiya ga kwayar cutar, suna nuna cewa kasuwar ita ce shafin da aka fara yaduwa, amma ba shafin farko ba ne. Sakamakon binciken WHO ya samar da irin wannan sakamako, yana tabbatar da abin da yawancin masana kimiyya ke tsammani, cewa har yanzu ba a san wurin hulɗa na farko da kwayar cutar ba amma ba zai yiwu a zama kasuwar Huanan ba saboda kasancewar shari'o'in da suka gabata. ==== Bayanan kafofin watsa labarai ==== A cikin 'yan watanni na farko na annobar COVID-19 a cikin 2020, an soki Kasuwancin ruwa na kasar Sin sosai a cikin kafofin watsa labarai a matsayin tushen yiwuwar kwayar cutar. Rahotanni na kafofin watsa labarai da ke kira ga haramtacciyar bargo ta dindindin a duk kasuwannin rigar, sabanin kasuwannin dabbobi masu rai kawai ko kasuwannin namun daji, an soki su don lalata bukatun [[Rigakafin kamuwa da cuta da sarrafawa|Kula da kamuwa da cuta]] don zama takamaiman game da kasuwannin dabbobin daji, kamar Kasuwar Kasuwancin Ruwa ta Huanan.<ref name="lynteris-fearnley">{{Cite web |last=Lynteris |first=Christos |last2=Fearnley |first2=Lyle |date=2 March 2020 |title=Why shutting down Chinese 'wet markets' could be a terrible mistake |url=https://theconversation.com/why-shutting-down-chinese-wet-markets-could-be-a-terrible-mistake-130625 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200402012113/http://theconversation.com/why-shutting-down-chinese-wet-markets-could-be-a-terrible-mistake-130625 |archive-date=2 April 2020 |access-date=3 April 2020 |publisher=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]]}}</ref> Har ila yau, an zargi kafofin watsa labarai da kasuwannin ruwa na kasashen waje da jan hankalin jama'a daga barazanar kiwon lafiyar jama'a, kamar tushen cututtukan zoonotic na gida. A cikin Kafofin watsa labarai na Yamma, an nuna kasuwannin rigar a lokacin annobar COVID-19 ba tare da rarrabe tsakanin kasuwannin ruwa na gaba ɗaya ba, kasuwannin dabbobin da ke rayuwa, da kasuwannin namun daji, ta amfani da hotunan hotuna daga kasuwannin daban-daban a duk faɗin Asiya ba tare da gano wurare ba. <ref name="lynteris-fearnley" /> Adalci da daidaito a cikin Rahotanni sun soki labarai da yawa daga manyan kafofin watsa labarai a lokacin rabin farko na 2020 a matsayin "marasa sani ko mafi muni", suna nuna ɗaukar hoto mai ban sha'awa ta amfani da hotuna masu hoto don darajar firgici. Wadannan nuni an soki su a matsayin masu wuce gona da iri da kuma na Gabas, kuma an zarge su da bunkasa Sinophobia da "abanci na kasar Sin". <ref name="lynteris-fearnley" /> <ref name="vox-samuel" /> <ref name="lat" /> [[Mpox|Monkeypox]] cuta ce ta zoonotic mai laushi biyu na DNA wanda ke faruwa a cikin mutane da dabbobi. Sau da yawa yana tarawa a cikin dabbobin daji kuma ana watsa shi ta hanyar kusanci a cikin cinikin dabbobi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Monkeypox |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/monkeypox |access-date=2019-04-22 |website=www.who.int}}</ref> Ana yawan samun sa a tsakiyar da yammacin Afirka inda ake dauke da shi a cikin nau'ikan da suka kamu da cutar ciki har da [[Biri|birai]], birai, [[Ɓera|beraye]], karnuka, da sauran kananan dabbobi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Monkeypox |url=http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/FastFacts/pdfs/monkeypox_F.pdf |website=The Center for Food Security & Public Health |publisher=Iowa State University}}</ref> A cikin ƙoƙari na rage yawan yaduwar cutar, masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa rage yawan hulɗa kai tsaye da kai tsaye tsakanin jinsuna a cikin kasuwannin kasuwancin namun daji shine mafi kyawun mafita.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Karesh WB, Cook RA, Bennett EL, Newcomb J |date=July 2005 |title=Wildlife trade and global disease emergence |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |volume=11 |issue=7 |pages=1000–2 |doi=10.3201/eid1107.050194 |pmc=3371803 |pmid=16022772}}</ref> === Manazarta === Binciken da aka sake dubawa ya kuma nuna cewa cinikin namun daji na doka da na doka ba bisa ka'ida ba na iya sauƙaƙa motsi na cututtukan cututtuka a fadin yankuna da kuma kara damar watsa nau'ikan jinsuna.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bezerra-Santos |first=M.A. |last2=Mendoza-Roldan |first2=J.A. |last3=Thompson |first3=R.C.A. |year=2021 |title=Illegal wildlife trade: a gateway to zoonotic infectious diseases |journal=Trends in Parasitology |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=181–184 |doi=10.1016/j.pt.2020.12.005}}</ref> === Manufofin da shugabanci === Gudanar da cinikin namun daji da haɗarin cututtukan dabbobi masu alaƙa sun haɗa da tsarin kasa da kasa da yawa da ke aiki a duk faɗin lafiyar jama'a, lafiyar dabbobi, da bangarorin muhalli. Yarjejeniyar kan Kasuwanci na Duniya a cikin Dabbobi da Flora masu haɗari (CITES) ta tsara cinikin namun daji na duniya da farko don dalilai na kiyayewa, amma ana ƙara danganta shi da tattaunawa game da haɗarin cututtukan dabbobi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CITES and the World Organization for Animal Health strengthen cooperation to reduce zoonotic disease risk |url=https://cites.org/eng/news/cites-woah-memorandum-of-understanding-2024-zoonotic-disease-emergence |access-date=18 March 2026 |publisher=CITES}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya (WOAH) da Ƙungiyar Lafiyar Duniya (WHO), tare da Ƙungiyar Abinci da Aikin Gona (FAO) da Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNEP), suna inganta hanyoyin daidaitawa ta hanyar tsarin Lafiyar Ɗaya, suna jaddada haɗin gwiwar bangarori da kuma gudanar da kasuwancin dabbobin daji.<ref name="JointPlan">{{Cite web |title=One Health Joint Plan of Action (2022–2026) |url=https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240059139 |access-date=18 March 2026 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> Wadannan kokarin sun hada da ci gaban jagororin don tantancewa da rage haɗarin cututtuka da ke da alaƙa da cinikin namun daji da kuma karfafa tsarin sa ido da bayar da rahoto a duk faɗin ƙasashe.<ref name="WOAHGuidelines">{{Cite web |title=Guidelines for Addressing Disease Risks in Wildlife Trade |url=https://www.woah.org/app/uploads/2024/05/wildlife-trade-guidelines.pdf |access-date=18 March 2026 |publisher=World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH)}}</ref> Duk da karuwar karɓar waɗannan haɗarin, ƙalubalen shugabanci sun kasance, gami da bambance-bambance a cikin ikon sarrafa ƙasa, gibin tilasta aiki, da rikitarwa na daidaita lafiyar jama'a, kiyaye halittu masu yawa, da hanyoyin rayuwa na tattalin arziki. A sakamakon haka, masana sun yi kira ga ƙarin hadin kai da daidaita hanyoyin duniya don sarrafa kasuwancin namun daji da hana fitowar cututtukan zoonotic. === Gudanar da Cututtuka === Nazarin kiwon lafiya na duniya sun yi kira ga a aiwatar da matakan hana cututtuka a kasuwannin dabbobi masu rai maimakon cikakkun haramtacciyar doka.<ref name="WASH" /><ref name="COVID-planetary" /><ref name="Lancet-Planet" /> Wadannan sun hada da shawarwari don "daidaitaccen sa ido na duniya na yanayin ruwa, tsaftacewa, da tsabta (WASH), wanda [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] ta sanar a watan Afrilun 2020 cewa tana bunkasa a matsayin buƙatu ga kasuwannin rigar gabaɗaya don buɗewa.<ref name="WASH" /> Sauran shawarwari sun haɗa da manufofi marasa daidaituwa waɗanda suka ƙware don abubuwan zamantakewa, al'adu, da na kuɗi na gida, da kuma sabbin kayan aikin kimantawa da sauri don saka idanu kan tsabta da tsaron halittu na ɗakunan dabbobi masu rai a kasuwanni. <ref name="Lancet-Planet" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Soon |first=Jan Mei |last2=Abdul Wahab |first2=Ikarastika Rahayu |date=2021-09-01 |title=On-site hygiene and biosecurity assessment: A new tool to assess live bird stalls in wet markets |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713521002462 |journal=Food Control |language=en |volume=127 |doi=10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108108 |issn=0956-7135 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Global catastrophic risk - Hadarin bala'i na duniya * Globalization and disease * Pandemic prevention - Shirye-shiryen da gudanar da matakan rigakafi game da annoba * Virgin soil epidemic - Mafi munin tasirin cutar ga mutanen da ba su da wani bayyanar da suka gabataShafuka da ke nuna taƙaitaccen bayanin manufofi * Wet market - Kasuwanci da ke sayar da kayayyaki masu lalacewa, gami da nama, kayan aiki, da dabbobi masu cin abinci == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] pmn59rfijzdaaepgsbs84apblay6mp8 0 174147 961515 945494 2026-10-01T18:24:09Z HK RIGASA2 28228 /* Tarihi */ 961515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dalaguete''', bisa '''hukuma Municipality na Dalaguete''', karamar hukuma ce a lardin Cebu, [[Filipin|Philippines]] . A bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a ta Shekaran 2024, tana da yawan jama'a 75,937. == Tarihi == Itacen dalakit ( ''Ficus benjamina'' ) shine tushen asalin kuma sunan Dalaguete. Suna ɗaukar wannan bishiyar a matsayin wata alama ta imani da suke da ita cewa tana ɗauke da ruhohi ko ''diwatas'' waɗanda za su iya haifar da rashin lafiya idan an yi musu rashin lafiya ko kuma su ba da wadata da kyaututtuka idan an kwantar da su. Idan aka girma sosai, saiwoyin da suka haɗu suna bayyana daga ƙasa kuma suna samar da manyan kogo waɗanda za su iya ɗaukar mutane da yawa. A zamanin da, kafin zuwan Mutanen Spain, mutane suna amfani da waɗannan bishiyoyi a matsayin manyan abubuwan tarihi. Mutane suna taruwa a ƙarƙashin inuwar da ke kewaye da su suna gudanar da ayyukan zamantakewa da tattalin arziki kamar bukukuwa, gasa, tarurrukan ciniki, da sauran tarurrukan al'umma. Suna kafa kasuwanni a ƙarƙashin inuwar dalaket inda suke sayar da kayayyakinsu kuma suna gudanar da kasuwanci tare da 'yan kasuwa na gida waɗanda ke kawo kayayyaki daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta Cebu. Wurin da aka sanya cocin ko kuma rikicin ya zama wurin taron jama'a ga 'yan asalin ƙasar. Haka kuma wurin zama ne na wata babbar bishiyar dalakit wadda ke ba da inuwa da mafaka yayin da mutane ke gudanar da ayyukansu. ''"Adto ta mag-abot sa dalakit".'' ''"Adto ta magtigom-tigom sa dalakit"'' [Mu hadu a dalakit]. Waɗannan da sauran kalmomi sun zama ruwan dare a tsakanin mazauna yankin ƙarni da suka gabata lokacin da suke cimma yarjejeniya don haɗuwa ko gudanar da wani aiki musamman a wurin da dalakit yake. Tsawon tsararraki da dama a yankin Dalaguete na kafin Hispanic, ana kiran yankin da dalakit ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. Samun damarsa da kuma sunanta a matsayin wurin taro na al'umma ya sa hukumomin Spain suka gina cocin sannan daga ƙarshe suka kafa yankin a matsayin wani ɓangare na wani shiri na musamman. Daga wannan wuri da kuma daga wannan bishiyar, an fara tunanin wani babban gari wanda daga baya aka san shi da Dalaguete. == Yanayin ƙasa == [[File:Osmeña_Peak_(Mantalongon,_Dalaguete,_Cebu;_01-20-2023).jpg|left|thumb| Kololuwar Osmeña a Brgy. Patong, Badian]] Yana da nisan {{Convert|84|km}} kudu da birnin Cebu, Dalaguete tana da iyaka da garin Argao a arewa, a yamma akwai garuruwan Badian da Alegria, a gabas akwai mashigar Cebu, kuma a kudu akwai garin Alcoy. === Halayen ƙasa === Yanayi a wurare masu zafi yana da yawa a duk shekara a Dalaguete. Zafin jiki yana da yawa kuma ba ya bambanta sosai tare da bambanci na kusan {{Convert|3|C-change}} tsakanin watan da ya fi sanyi wanda ke faruwa a kusa da watan Janairu da kuma watan da ya fi zafi a kusa da watan Mayu. Barangays na tsaunuka suna da sanyi kuma ana ɗaukar Mantalongon a matsayin "Ƙaramin Baguio na Cebu". Matsakaicin zafin rana banda yankin tsaunuka yana tsakanin {{Convert|22.2|to|32.1|C}} . Danshi yana da kashi 77%. === Barangays === [[File:Cebu_South_Road,_Dalaguete_Municipal_Hall_(Dalaguete,_Cebu;_01-18-2023).jpg|thumb| garin Dalaguete daidai]] An raba Dalaguete a siyasance zuwa baranda 33. Kowace barangay ta ƙunshi puroks kuma wasu suna da wurare . == Manazarta == 2tvbyu5f64qn0q4k4hz09b2759i7jqv 0 174182 961663 945607 2026-10-02T04:49:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961663 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles> {{Speciesbox|image=|status=G1|status_system=TNC|status_ref=|genus=Eryngium|species=constancei|authority=Y.Sheikh}} '''''Eryngium constancei''''' nau'in shuka ne na fure a cikin dangin Apiaceae wanda aka sani da sunan '''Loch Lomond button seleri''', ko '''Loch Lomond coyote thitle''' . Yana da yaɗuwa a [[California]], inda ake samunsa sau uku kacal a arewacin yankin San Francisco Bay . Ɗaya daga cikin al'ummar tana cikin Loch Lomond Vernal Pool Ecological Reserve da ke Loch Lomond a gundumar Lake . Shuka tana bayyana galibi a cikin [[Tafkin Vernal|wuraren waha na vernal]] . Tana [[Dokar Nau'in Halittu|fuskantar barazanar tsaro]] a matakin jiha da tarayya. == Bayani == Wannan ganye ne mai gashi, mai ɗan kitse, mai rassan [[Shuka mai Shekaru|rassan]] da ke tsiro tsawon {{Convert|20 to 30|cm|4=0}} a tsayi. Ganyayyaki masu duhu kore, masu siffar ƙwaya suna girma a kan dogayen petioles kuma suna iya girma a tsaye tare da tushe ko kuma su kwanta a ƙasa. Suna iya samun gefuna masu santsi zuwa masu kaifi zuwa masu kaifi. Kan furanni ba su da faɗi ƙasa da santimita ɗaya, tare da wasu dogayen madaidaitan madaukai, masu kaifi a kusa da tushe. Ƙananan furannin da aka tattara a kan zagaye galibi fari ne. Wannan shuka tana fuskantar barazanar lalata mazauninta mai rauni a cikin tafkin saboda dalilai da dama, ciki har da kwararar laka mai yawa zuwa cikin tafkuna sakamakon ayyukan sare bishiyoyi, zaizayar ƙasa, ci gaba, da kuma ababen hawa da ba sa kan hanya . == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=3464 Bayanan Calflora: ''Eryngium constancei'' (Loch Lomond button seleri, Loch Lomond eryngo)] * [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=25077 Maganin Jepson eFlora (TJM2) na ''Eryngium constance''] * [https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/ERCO39 Bayanin Shuke-shuken USDA don ''Eryngium constancei'' (Loch Lomond eryngo)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090819051152/http://www.centerforplantconservation.org/ASP/CPC_ViewProfile.asp?CPCNum=1817 Bayanin Cibiyar Kula da Shuke-shuke.org] * [http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Eryngium+constancei UC CalHotunan hotunan ''Eryngium constancei'' (Loch Lomond eryngo)] {{Taxonbar|from=Q5396297}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] prqfh597c7i0eyf41mz7hofensaxmo5 0 174266 961614 945826 2026-10-01T23:07:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dutsen Akutan''', a hukumance Akutan Peak, dutse ne mai tsaunuka a cikin Tsibirin Aleutian na [[Alaska]] . Akutan Peak, a {{Convert|4275|ft|m|0}} , shine mafi girman batu a kan caldera na Akutan stratovolcano. Akutan ya ƙunshi caldera mai faɗin kilomita 2 wanda aka kafa a lokacin babban fashewar fashewa kimanin shekaru 1600 da suka gabata. &nbsp;Ayyukan fashewa na baya-bayan nan sun samo asali ne daga babban cinder cone a yankin NE na caldera. Ya kasance tushen fashewar fashewa akai-akai tare da zubar da dutse na lokaci-lokaci wanda ke rufe bene na caldera. Ruwan dutse a cikin 1978 ya yi tafiya ta hanyar karamin rami a arewacin caldera zuwa cikin kilomita 2 daga bakin tekun. &nbsp;Wani karamin tafki yana da wani ɓangare na bene na caldera. Cibiyoyin dutsen wuta guda biyu suna kan gefen NW: Lava Peak na zamanin Pleistocene ne; kuma, ƙwanƙwasawa a ƙasa a gefen wanda ya samar da kwararar dutse a 1852 wanda ya faɗaɗa bakin tekun tsibirin kuma ya samar da Lava Point. Wani tsoho, mafi yawan binne caldera da alama an kafa shi a lokacin Pleistocene ko [[Holocene]], yayin da caldera na yanzu ya kafa a cikin fashewar VEI-5 c. 340 AD. AVO ta yi rikodin fashewar fashewa 33 a Akutan, yana mai da shi dutsen mai fitattun fashewa a Alaska. <ref name=avo> {{cite web | url = http://www.avo.alaska.edu/volcanoes/volcinfo.php?volcname=Akutan&/akut.html | title = Akutan description and statistics | publisher = [[Alaska Volcano Observatory]] | accessdate = 2008-05-17 }}</ref> <ref name=gnis> {{cite gnis | id = 1854189 | title = Akutan Peak | accessdate = 2008-05-17 }}</ref> <ref name=SwarmDeformation>{{cite journal |title=Ground deformation associated with the March 1996 earthquake swarm at Akutan volcano, Alaska, revealed by satellite radar interferometry |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research |year=2000 |accessdate=2015-07-21 |url=https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/activity/methods/insar/public_files/2000JB900200.pdf |doi=10.1029/2000jb900200 |bibcode=2000JGR...10521483L |volume=105 |pages=21483–21495 |last1=Lu |first1=Zhong |last2=Wicks |first2=Charles |last3=Power |first3=John A. |last4=Dzurisin |first4=Daniel |issue=B9 |doi-access=free |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403054746/http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/activity/methods/insar/public_files/2000JB900200.pdf |archive-date=2015-04-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Dutsen ya fashe kwanan nan a cikin 1992, amma har yanzu akwai aikin fumarolic a gindin Lava Point kuma akwai maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai zafi Arewa maso Gabashin caldera. A watan Maris na shekara ta 1996, girgizar kasa ta biyo bayan lalacewar ginin dutsen mai fitattun wuta, gami da saukar da gefen gabas da tashi daga gefen yammacin dutsen mai fashewa. [[Fayil:Map_of_alaska_volcanoes_akutan.jpg|left|thumb|Taswirar da ke nuna tsaunuka masu fitattun wuta na Alaska. An saita alamar a wurin Dutsen Akutan .]] {{Clear}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] pn29kdi2pq5np9m8b2xi1e0qceh1ldd 0 174271 961795 945832 2026-10-02T07:23:38Z BnHamid 12586 961795 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Lyropupa sparna''''' nau'in katantanwa ne na ƙasa mai shaƙar iska, mollusks na pulmonate gastropod na ƙasa a cikin dangin Pupillidae . Wannan nau'in yana da yawa a [[Hawaii]] . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} jlk6hh48vq774i75v4xk7dpi16g9mbw 0 174383 961615 953122 2026-10-01T23:09:50Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dutsen Batulao''' wani tsibiri ne mara aiki a yankin Calabarzon na Philippines, wanda ke arewa maso yammacin lardin Batangas tare da iyakarsa da Cavite . <ref name="phivolcs">{{Cite web |date=30 July 2008 |title=Volcanoes of the Philippines; Inactive Volcanoes (Part 1) |url=http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=59:inactive-volcanoes&catid=55&Itemid=116 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924073926/http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=59:inactive-volcanoes&catid=55&Itemid=116 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=[[Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology]]}}</ref> <ref name="journal">{{Cite journal |last=Adams |first=George I. |date=1910 |title=Geological Reconnaissance of Southwestern |url=https://archive.org/stream/philippinejourna51910phi/philippinejourna51910phi_djvu.txt |journal=The Philippine Journal of Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=57–117 |access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref> Dutsen Taal ne mai siffar andesitic mai siffar stratovolcano a gefen arewa maso yammacin Dutsen Taal wanda ya fara samuwa a ƙarshen zamanin Pliocene, kimanin shekaru miliyan 3.4 da suka wuce. Dutsen wani sanannen wuri ne na tsaunuka masu tsayi, yana birgima zuwa tsaunuka masu kauri da kuma kwaruruka masu zurfi da ke yamma da tashar tudun Tagaytay a ƙarshen kudu maso yammacin Tagaytay Ridge. An san ta sosai saboda kyawawan wurare, da kuma wuraren shakatawa da wuraren shakatawa da ke da nisan {{Convert|85|km|mi}} kudancin [[Manila]] . <ref name="journal" /> == Suna == Sunan ''Batulao'' ya fito ne daga ƙanƙantar jimlar [[Harshen Tagalog|Tagalog]] {{Lang|tl|bato sa ilaw}} ko {{Lang|tl|ilaw sa dalawang bato}} (dutse masu haske) dangane da abin da ke faruwa a dutsen a watan Disamba lokacin da hasken rana ke fitowa daga tsakanin manyan kololuwa biyu na dutsen ya haskaka su. <ref name="star">{{Cite web |date=16 July 2010 |title=Batulao: Gateway to Nasugbu |url=https://www.philstar.com/business/real-estate/2010/07/16/593311/batulao-gateway-nasugbu |access-date=14 August 2019 |website=Philstar.com |language=en}}</ref> Wasu majiyoyi sun ce sunansa wataƙila an samo shi ne daga wani abu da aka fassara daga kalmomin Tagalog {{Lang|tl|bato}} (dutse) da {{Lang|tl|dilaw}} (rawaya) yana nufin launin dutsen a lokacin fitowar rana. <ref name="cosmo">{{Cite web |last=Singson |first=Y. |date=30 June 2016 |title=Are You A First-Time Climber? You Should Check Out Mt. Batulao! |url=https://www.cosmo.ph/lifestyle/travel/first-time-climber-mt-batulao-a1194-20160630 |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=Cosmopolitan}}</ref> == Yanayin ƙasa == [[File:Batulao_Circa_2015.jpg|thumb| Ra'ayin ɗaya daga cikin ƙololuwar dutsen goma sha biyu]] Dutsen Batulao ya tashi zuwa tsayin {{Convert|693|m|ft}} galibi a cikin gundumar Nasugbu . <ref name="phivolcs" /> Tana samar da ƙarshen kudu maso yammacin Tagaytay Range, wanda aka fi sani da Tagaytay Ridge kuma a tarihi ana kiranta da Cordillera de Tagaytay, wani babban tudun dutsen mai aman wuta wanda ke gudana a cikin kusurwar rabin da'ira na tsawon {{Convert|32|km|mi}} zuwa Dutsen Sungay a arewa maso gabas a Tagaytay yana kallon tafkin Taal da Volcano na Taal . <ref name="journal" /> Dutsen yana ɗauke da kololuwa goma sha biyu, ciki har da kololuwa biyu mafi tsayi da aka sanya masa suna. Ana gudanar da ɓangaren arewacin dutsen a matsayin wani ɓangare na Nasugbu yayin da a gabas, tsauninsa ya miƙe zuwa gundumar Cavite ta Alfonso . Zurfin kudu da yamma yana tsakanin ƙananan hukumomin Tuy, Balayan, da Lemery, da kuma birnin Calaca . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tuy |url=http://calabarzon.dilg.gov.ph/130-old-lgus/old-batangas-lgus/543-tuy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509222018/http://calabarzon.dilg.gov.ph/130-old-lgus/old-batangas-lgus/543-tuy |archive-date=2019-05-09 |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=Department of the Interior and Local Government |language=en}}</ref> Matsugunan sun haɗa da barangayiyar Aga da Calayway (Kaylaway) a Nasugbu, Bolboc da Mataywanac a Tuy, Patugo a Balayan, Cahil a Calaca, Mayasang a Lemery da Alfonso barangay na Kaysuyo. Dutsen yana da fadin {{Convert|185.9|km2|mi2}} Lian River Basin, wani yanki na Basin Nasugbu-Lian-Calatagan a cikin gundumomin Nasugbu, Lian, Tuy, Alfonso da Magallanes . Tana ɗauke da magudanar ruwan Kogin Lian-Palico, wanda ke gangarowa daga gangaren Dutsen Batulao mai tsayi da kuma {{Convert|656|m|ft}} babban Dutsen Carilao ta hanyar dazuzzukan daji da gonakin rake na biyu kafin a fara jigilar su zuwa gabar tekun Nasugbu na Tekun Kudancin China . Wannan kogin yana da jimillar tsawon {{Convert|34|km|mi}} kuma yana samar da matsakaicin fitarwa na mita cubic miliyan 19.44 (ƙafa miliyan 687 cubic). <ref name="batangas" /> Kogunan Montintubig (Munting Tubig), Obispo da Siomtiam suma suna da tushensu a Dutsen Batulao da magudanar ruwa zuwa Balayan Bay . [[File:Top_of_Mount_Batulao.jpg|left|thumb| Dutsen Carilao da tsaunin Pico de Loro kamar yadda aka gani daga saman Dutsen Batulao]] Dutsen Carilao, wani lokaci ana rubuta Cariliao kuma aka fi sani da Dutsen Talamitam, ya mamaye tazarar zuwa arewa tsakanin Batulao da Dutsen Palay-Palay–Mataas-na-Gulod (wanda aka fi sani da Dutsen Pico de Loro ). <ref name="journal" /> Wannan dutse da ke kan iyakar Nasugbu da gundumar Cavite ta Magallanes an san shi da ƙanwar Batulao kuma yana da shahararriyar hanyar tafiye-tafiye ga masu farawa. <ref name="star" /> A kudu maso gabashin Dutsen Carilao akwai Dutsen Aiming, wani dutse mai kaifi da babu kowa a ciki wanda tsayinsa ya kai {{Convert|359|m|ft}} . Duwatsu uku suna samar da ƙazanta wanda Babbar Hanyar Tagaytay-Nasugbu ta ratsa ta. Babban ɓangaren tazara tsakanin tsaunuka uku a Nasugbu mallakin mutum ne, wanda yawancinsu mallakar Hacienda Puyat na Gonzalo Puyat & Sons {{Convert|1837|ha}} da kuma Hacienda Caylaway na Roxas & Company mai {{Convert|867|ha}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=G.R. No. 127876 |url=https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1999/dec1999/gr_127876_1999.html |access-date=15 August 2019 |via=The LawPhil Project}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=G.R. No. 139051 |url=http://www.chanrobles.com/scresolutions/resolutions/2000/june/139051.php |access-date=15 August 2019 |via=Chan Robles Virtual Law Library}}</ref> Daga wani yanki na noma, kamfanonin iyali na Puyat da Roxas sun canza sassan wannan gefen Dutsen Batulao zuwa babban wurin zama na gidaje da wuraren ritaya, tare da otal-otal da dama, filayen wasan golf da kuma gidajen zama na condominium. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Innovative Real Estate and A Proud Local Culture |url=https://www.vgpuyatgroup.com/batangasprop |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=VGP Group of Companies |archive-date=7 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407205250/https://www.vgpuyatgroup.com/batangasprop |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=About Roxas and Company, Inc. |url=https://www.roxascompany.com.ph |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=Roxas & Company |archive-date=7 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407205257/https://www.roxascompany.com.ph/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Waɗannan ci gaban suna da iyaka da dajin Batulao a kudu. == Ilimin ƙasa == Dutsen Batulao an jera shi ta Shirin Duniya na Volcanism a matsayin stratovolcano na Taal tare da mazugi na Maculod, Makiling da Sungay. Duk mazubin da aka ambata a sama duk aman wuta ne marasa aiki. Zamanin Dutsen Batulao ya dogara ne akan ma'ajiyar basalts da andesites ta amfani da tsarin radiometric na K-Ar wanda ya kama daga 3.4 zuwa 1.34 Ma (Pliocene - Pleistocene) (De Boer da abokan aikinsa, 1980; Wolfe and Self, 1983). A cewar wallafe-wallafen, kwararar basalt na dutsen mai aman wuta yana da matsakaicin shekarun radiometric na 2.9 Ma (Wolfe and Self, 1983). == Tsirrai da dabbobi == [[File:Batulao_overlooking_calaruega_church.jpg|thumb| Dutsen Batulao yana kallon Caleruega da Dajin Batulao]] Dutsen Batulao yana da dajin da ya kai {{Convert|30000|ha}} a tsakiyarsa zuwa ƙananan gangara a Nasugbu, Balayan da Calaca. Wuri ne na halitta mallakar mutum ɗaya, wanda bishiyoyi masu tsawon ƙarni suka miƙe har zuwa kwaruruka da kwaruruka a kudu. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Besa |first=A. |date=8 July 2016 |title=The Secret, Complex Flavors of Philippine Cuisine |url=https://waytogo.cebupacificair.com/philippine-cuisine/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407205254/https://waytogo.cebupacificair.com/philippine-cuisine/ |archive-date=7 April 2020 |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=[[Cebu Pacific]]}}</ref> Dajin dipterocarp mai girma na biyu yana da wuraren noma da ake shuka masara, ayaba, mangwaro da sauran bishiyoyin 'ya'yan itace. Yankunan ciyawa da ciyayi a kan dutsen suna da rinjaye da ciyawar [[Tofa (shuka)|cogon]] da Kans, yayin da ƙananan tuddai da wuraren da ke da faɗi a hankali ake shuka su da amfanin gona daban-daban na noma. An samu akalla nau'ikan tsuntsaye 22 a cikin dajin Dutsen Batulao da kewaye a shekarar 2004, mafi yawansu sune tsuntsayen swiftlet masu sheƙi da kuma barn swallow . <ref name="birdwatch">{{Cite web |title=Philippine Birding Winter 2004 |url=http://www.birdwatch.ph/html/visitingbirders/birders20040224.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826131355/http://birdwatch.ph/html/visitingbirders/birders20040224.html |archive-date=26 August 2016 |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=Wild Bird Club of the Philippines}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Tsuntsayen Daji ta Philippines ta kuma rubuta sunayen waɗannan mazaunan Batulao: fantail mai kai shuɗi, blue rock thrush, brown shrike, collared kingfisher, Philippine hanging parrot, kykky tit, long-tailed shrike, lowland white-eye, olive-backed sunbird, Philippine bulbul, Philippine coucal, Philippine fairy-bluebird, Philippine pygmy woodpecker, spotted wood kingfisher, striated grassbird, striated swallow, white-breasted woodswallow, white-browed shama, white-brown dove brown brown dove da rawaya-vented bulbul . <ref name="birdwatch2">{{Cite web |title=Amadeo (Cavite) to Nasugbu (Batangas) |url=http://www.birdwatch.ph/html/trip/trip20040314.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201022913/http://www.birdwatch.ph/html/trip/trip20040314.html |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=Wild Bird Club of the Philippines}}</ref> == Yin yawo a kan duwatsu == [[File:G0040344.jpg|left|thumb| Manyan duwatsu a saman Dutsen Batulao]] Dutsen Batulao sanannen yawon shakatawa ne na yini, inda jagoran yawon shakatawa na Philippines Pinoy Mountaineer ya ba shi maki mai wahala na "4/9". <ref name="pinoy">{{Cite web |last=Henares |first=I. |date=9 August 2007 |title=Mt. Batulao (811+) |url=http://www.pinoymountaineer.com/2007/08/mt-batulao-811.html |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=Pinoy Mountaineer}}</ref> Ana ba da shawarar dutsen ga masu farawa saboda ƙarancin wahalarsa da kuma kyakkyawan yanayin samansa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lasco |first=G. |date=22 February 2014 |title=PinoyMountaineer Picks: Best Hikes for Beginners Near Manila |url=http://www.pinoymountaineer.com/2014/02/pinoymountaineer-picks-best-hikes-for-2.html |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=Pinoy Mountaineer}}</ref> Samun damar zuwa Metro Manila da yanayin sanyin sa, da kuma kusanci da birnin Tagaytay mai tsaunuka, shi ma ya sanya shi wurin yin sansani mai farin jini, tare da akalla wuraren sansani goma da aka keɓe da kuma kayan aiki na yau da kullun kamar tashoshin ruwa, wuraren shawa na wucin gadi a tushe da kuma har ma da shagon sayar da ruwan buco a mahadar hanyoyi biyu. <ref name="pinoy" /> Ana iya isa ga dukkan kololuwar Dutsen Batulao guda goma sha biyu ta hanyar hawa ko dai hanyar gabas ko yamma. Hanyar Gabas, wadda aka fi sani da Old Trail, ita ce hanya mafi tsayi da ƙalubale zuwa saman dutse wadda za a iya isa ta hanyar tafiya a kan titin da ba shi da kyau daga KC Hillcrest Hotel & Golf Club (wanda a da Evercrest ne) a kan babbar hanyar Tagaytay-Nasugbu sannan a juya hagu da ƙafa a kan hanyar. <ref name="pinoy" /> Hawan hawa ne a hankali zuwa saman dutsen tare da ciyayi har zuwa wurin sansani na 8 inda matakan suka zama masu tsayi da rawa. <ref name="pinoy" /> Sabuwar hanyar zuwa yamma tana kaiwa ga wani yanki mai dazuzzuka da kuma zuwa "Kololuwar Yaudara." <ref name="pinoy" /> A saman samansa akwai hoton [[Maryamu, mahaifiyar Yesu]] inda masu bauta wa Maryamu ke yin zaman warkarwa sau biyu a shekara. <ref name="star" /> Kololuwar Batulao galibi duwatsu ne masu duwatsu waɗanda ke ba da ra'ayoyi masu ban mamaki game da Tafkin Taal da Dutsen Volcano, tsaunin Pico de Loro, koguna da rairayin bakin teku na Punta Fuego da Calatagan, da kuma kudu har zuwa Dutsen Macolod da Balayan Bay . <ref name="pinoy" /> == Nishaɗi == [[File:Cavitejf9881_28.JPG|thumb| Ra'ayin Taal Lake a nesa da kuma Canyon Woods daga gefen gabas na Dutsen Batulao a Caylaway]] Dutsen Batulao da kewayensa sun kasance filin wasa ga mazauna Metro Manila tun aƙalla shekarun 1970. A shekarar 1975, an ayyana yankin Dutsen Batulao a Nasugbu da kuma wasu sassan ƙananan hukumomin Maragondon da Ternate da ke makwabtaka da su a matsayin yankunan yawon buɗe ido. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Proclamation No. 1520, s. 1975 |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1975/11/28/proclamation-no-1520-s-1975/ |access-date=15 August 2019 |via=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fara ci gaba da shi shine babban ɗakin ƙauye na Batulao wanda dangin sanata Gil Puyat suka ƙirƙiro kuma mai zane Benjamin Bautista ya tsara shi da ƙirar shimfidar wuri ta Ildefonso P. Santos Jr.. Wannan wuri ne da masu arziki na Manila suka fi so a yankin Tagaytay tare da filin wasan golf na Gary Player, gidan rawa, gidan rabin gida, masaukin ƙauye, gidaje da kuma wuraren wasanni tare da kotunan Jai alai . <ref name="star2" /> A shekarar 1998, an gina ginin shakatawa da wurin shakatawa mai suna Evercrest Golf Club & Resort (wanda yanzu shine KC Hillcrest Hotel & Golf Club) a kan kadarori mai {{Convert|78.8|ha}} a cikin tsaunukan Nasugbu Highlands mai {{Convert|1300|ha}} na kamfanin Puyat Group Developers Inc. <ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Major Projects Completed |url=http://www.federalbuildersinc.com/list-of-major-projects-completed.html |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=Federal Builders |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623205147/http://www.federalbuildersinc.com/list-of-major-projects-completed.html |archive-date=23 June 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya ƙunshi otal mai ɗakuna 76, filin wasan golf da kuma gidan zama, kuma kamfanin Gulod Resort mallakar ɗan kasuwa Jose Go na sarkar [[Ever Gotesco Malls|Ever Gotesco]] ne ya ƙirƙiro shi. Kamfanin shi ne kuma mai haɓaka kadarar da ke kusa da Chateau Royale Sports & Country Club (wanda yanzu ake kira Chateau Royale Hotel Resort & Spa), wani katafaren wurin shakatawa {{Convert|170|ha}} wanda ke gida ga wurin shakatawa na Tree Top Adventure da Metropolitan Medical Center Nasugbu. <ref name="pna" /> Sauran abubuwan ci gaba a cikin tsaunukan Nasugbu sun haɗa da Batulao Monte Grande (yanzu Sandari Batulao), ƙauyen tsaunin {{Convert|800|ha}} wanda Citystate Properties na jakadan Antonio Cabangon-Chua ya ƙaddamar a 2007, da Batulao Artscapes, {{Convert|142|ha}} wanda aka haɓaka ta hanyar gine- ginen gine-gine. . <ref name="star" /> == Cibiyoyin hutu == [[File:Caleruega's_Charm.jpg|thumb| Cocin Canji a Caleruega]] Dutsen Batulao gida ne ga Caleruega, babban wurin shakatawa kuma sanannen wurin bikin aure wanda ke kan {{Convert|8|ha}} na tsaunuka kusa da tsohon Evercrest Golf Club. An kafa ta ne ta hanyar Dominican Order a shekarar 1994 a matsayin wurin taron karawa juna sani da kuma wuraren shakatawa na cibiyoyin Dominican a Philippines. An sanya wa ginin addinin suna ne bayan wurin haihuwar mai kula da cocin Dominican, Saint Dominic, a Spain . Shahararren wurin da aka fi sani da shi shine wani cocin da ke kan tudu, Chapel of the Transfiguration of Jesus, wanda ya zama wurin bikin aure da aka fi so a wajen gari wanda ke ɗaukar mutane 150 kacal. Babban cocin yana kewaye da bishiyoyin pine waɗanda suka yi kama da garin Sipaniya, kuma yana da mutum-mutumin Kristi da Ben Hur Villanueva ya tsara a farfajiyar gaban cocin. Gabaɗaya ginin ya ƙunshi gidaje 39 na Katolika da ake amfani da su a matsayin gidajen hutu, gidajen koyarwa, makarantun addini da kuma gidajen addu'a. <ref name="caleruega" /> 'Yan Salesians na Don Bosco a Philippines suma suna gudanar da cibiyar hutu a Dutsen Batulao. An kafa Cibiyar Don Bosco don Ruhaniya a shekarar 1984, kuma an keɓe ta ga mai kula da ita, Mary Help of Christians, kuma an san ta da Mary Help of Christians House of Spirituality. <ref name="bosco">{{Cite web |title=Historical Background |url=https://www.slsdb.edu.ph/history29_logo2.html |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=St. Louise School of Don Bosco |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807231917/https://www.slsdb.edu.ph/history29_logo2.html |archive-date=7 August 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Tana da cocin nata da ke kan tudu, wanda kuma ke shirya bukukuwan aure, wanda ke kusa da ƙofar shiga gidan hutunta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Weddings |url=http://donboscobatulao.org/weddings.html |access-date=15 August 2019 |website=Don Bosco Batulao}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] m9i89qv78begeo5k4t2avf4uza3gqji 0 174588 961538 946690 2026-10-01T19:33:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961538 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dichlorodifluoromethane''' ('''R-12''') iskar gas ce mara launi wacce aka fi sani da sunan Freon (a matsayin '''Freon-12'''). Yana da chlorofluorocarbon halomethane (CFC) wanda aka yi amfani da shi azaman mai sanyaya da mai yaduwa. Dangane da Yarjejeniyar Montreal, an dakatar da ƙera shi a ƙasashe masu tasowa a cikin 1996 da ƙasashe masu ci gaba a cikin 2010 saboda tasirin lalacewa a kan [[Lemar Sararin Samaniya|Layer na ozone]]. Amfani da aka ba da izini kawai shine a matsayin [[mai hana wuta]] a cikin jiragen ruwa da jirgin sama. Yana narkewa a cikin abubuwa masu narkewa da yawa. Yawancin cylinders na R-12 an canza su da launin fari, amma ƙa'idodin kwanan nan sun sauya zuwa fararen ko launin launin toka na ƙarfe. R-12 yana da mafi girman damar lalata ozone na duk iskar sanyaya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Refrigerants Environmental Data. Ozone Depletion and Global Warming Potential |url=https://static.prd.echannel.linde.com/wcsstore/PT_RES_Industrial_Gas_Store/Attachment/HFCs/Refrigerants%20environmental%20GWPs_tcm310-111483.pdf |publisher=[[Linde plc|Linde Gases AG]]}}</ref> == Shirye-shiryen == Ana iya shirya shi ta hanyar amsa carbon tetrachloride tare da hydrogen fluoride a gaban adadin antimony pentachloride: : CCl₄ + ₂ <nowiki>→</nowiki> CCl₂ + 2HCl Wannan halayen na iya samar da 4"title="Trichlorofluoromethane">trichlorofluoromethane (CCl₃), chlorotrifluoromethane (CClF₃) da [[Carbon tetrafluoride|tetrafluoromethane]] (CF4). == Tarihi == Charles F. Kettering, mataimakin shugaban kamfanin General Motors Research Corporation, yana neman maye gurbin mai sanyaya wanda ba shi da launi, ba shi da ƙanshi, ba shi na ɗanɗano, ba shi mai guba, kuma ba zai iya ƙonewa ba. Ya tara ƙungiyar da ta haɗa da [[Thomas Midgley Jr.]], Albert Leon Henne, da Robert McNary. Daga 19₃ zuwa 1935, sun haɓaka di[[chlorodifluoromethane]] (CCl_₂ ko R1_₂), trichlorofluoromethane ("CCl3F ko R11), chlorodifluorometsane (CHClF₂ ko Р₂), trichlorotrifluoroethane (CCl₂ ko r113), da dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CClF114), ta hanyar Kinetic Chemicals wanda shine haɗin gwiwa tsakanin DuPont da General Motors. == Amfani da shi azaman aerosol == Amfani da chlorofluorocarbons a matsayin aerosols a cikin magani, kamar salbutamol da aka amince da USP, an dakatar da shi ta Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka. Wani abu daban da aka sani da hydrofluoroalkane, ko HFA, wanda ba a san shi da cutar da muhalli ba, an zaba shi don maye gurbinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2007 |title=Asthma inhaler replacements coming to Pa. - Pittsburgh Tribune-Review |url=http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/mostread/s_493084.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070216044756/http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/mostread/s_493084.html |archive-date=16 February 2007 |access-date=26 April 2022 |website=}}</ref> An ce har yanzu an jera shi a cikin jerin abubuwan da FDA ta amince da su. == Tasirin muhalli == R-12 yana da mafi girman yiwuwar lalacewar ozone tsakanin chlorocarbons saboda kasancewar kwayar halitta ta chlorine 2 a cikin kwayar. R-12 kuma yana da ƙarfin dumama duniya (GWP) tare da 20yr, 100yr da 500yr GWP kasancewa 11400, 11200 da 5100 sau fiye da .<ref>{{Cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - The Physical Science Basis - Chapter 7 Supplementary Material Table 7 |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_FGD_Chapter07_SM.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240630195210/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_FGD_Chapter07_SM.pdf |archive-date=30 June 2024 |access-date=1 November 2024}} </ref>  == Gyara == An yi amfani da R-12 a mafi yawan aikace-aikacen sanyaya da sanyaya iska kafin 1994 kafin a maye gurbinsa da 1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), wanda ke da ƙarancin yiwuwar ƙarancin ozone. Masu kera motoci sun fara aiki a cikin R-134a a kusa da 1993 [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]. {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2024}}Lokacin da tsofaffin raka'a suka ɓace ko suna buƙatar gyara wanda ya haɗa da cire refrigerant, ana buƙatar sake fasalin zuwa refrigerant ban da R-12 (yawanci R-134a) a wasu hukunce-hukunce. Amurka ba ta buƙatar irin wannan juyowa. Gyara tsarin yana buƙatar tsarin gyare-gyare da sabon tacewa / bushewa ko mai tarawa, kuma yana iya haɗawa da shigar da sabbin hatimi da / ko hanyoyin da aka yi da kayan da suka dace da abin sanyaya da aka shigar. Man fetur da aka yi amfani da shi tare da R-12 bai dace da R-134a ba. Wasu mai da aka tsara don juyawa zuwa R-134a ana tallata su kamar yadda suka dace da man fetur na ma'adinai na R-12. Canjin R-12 ya haɗa da cakuda hydrocarbon mai ƙonewa sosai kamar HC-12a, wanda ƙonewa ya haifar da rauni da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 October 2019 |title=Se cumplen 13 años de la Tragedia de la Cresta |url=https://ensegundos.com.pa/2019/10/23/se-cumplen-13-anos-de-la-tragedia-de-la-cresta/ |website=Ensegundos.com.pa |access-date=19 September 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251109002031/https://ensegundos.com.pa/2019/10/23/se-cumplen-13-anos-de-la-tragedia-de-la-cresta/ |archive-date=9 November 2025 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Victims of the La Cresta tragedy were remembered |url=https://m.metrolibre.com/nacionales/152183-v%C3%ADctimas-de-la-tragedia-de-la-cresta-fueron-recordadas.html |access-date=26 April 2022 |website=M.metrolibra.com}}</ref> == Hadari == Baya ga tasirin muhalli, R12, kamar yawancin chlorofluoroalkanes, yana samar da iskar phosgene lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga harshen wuta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2021 |title=False Alarms: The Legacy of Phosgene Gas |url=https://hvacrschool.com/phosgene-gas/ |access-date=9 May 2022 |website=HVAC School}}</ref> Lokacin da aka kunshe shi a cikin gwangwani a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba a cikin nau'in ruwa, bayyanar zafi na iya haifar da gwangwani ya fashe. == Abubuwan da ke ciki == Tebur na yanayin zafi da na jiki na saturated ruwa refrigerant 12: == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> 2b279uiyhsmz9db5s96mhbwtspgsdp1 0 174651 961599 946920 2026-10-01T22:03:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dominic Ongwen''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1975) tsohon soja ne na Uganda kuma tsohon kwamandan daya daga cikin brigades na kungiyar 'Yan tawaye ta Uganda Lord's Resistance Army (LRA). An tsare shi a shekarar 2014 kuma a shekarar 2021 Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa ta yanke masa hukunci kan [[Laifin Yaƙi|Laifukan yaki]] da Laifukan da aka yi wa bil'adama, gami da kisan kai, fyade, azabtarwa, da bautar. == Asalin == An haifi Dominic Okumu Savio (sunan haihuwarsa) a ƙauyen Choorum, Kilak County, gundumar Amuru, Arewacin Uganda a kusa da 1975, ɗan na huɗu na Ronald Owiya da Alexy Acayo, malamai biyu da ke zaune a Paibona.<ref name="africanarguments.org">{{Cite web |date=2015-01-20 |title=Dominic Ongwen: born at the time of the white ant, tried by the ICC – By Thijs B. Bouwknegt |url=https://africanarguments.org/2015/01/20/dominic-ongwen-born-at-the-time-of-the-white-ant-tried-by-the-icc-by-thijs-b-bouwknegt/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031044101/https://africanarguments.org/2015/01/20/dominic-ongwen-born-at-the-time-of-the-white-ant-tried-by-the-icc-by-thijs-b-bouwknegt/ |archive-date=2020-10-31 |access-date=2020-10-25 |website=African Arguments |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2013 |title=LRA Series Part 3: The Story of LRA Commander, Dominic Ongwen |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OXoT2I27oMU |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260704120544/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OXoT2I27oMU |archive-date=2026-07-04 |via=www.youtube.com |access-date=2026-09-19}}</ref> Iyayensa, kamar yawancin wasu a Acoliland a lokacin, sun ba shi sunan ƙarya kuma sun horar da shi don amfani da shi idan an sace shi, don kare sauran dangin. Wannan sunan, Ongwen, yana nufin "an haife shi a lokacin farin tururuwa". <ref name="justiceandreconciliation.com">{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://justiceandreconciliation.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/JRP_FN7_Dominic-Ongwen.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317000055/http://justiceandreconciliation.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/JRP_FN7_Dominic-Ongwen.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-17 |access-date=2016-06-11}}</ref> Daga baya ya zama sunan yaƙi.<ref name="africanarguments.org" /> == Satar da mutane == LRA ta sace Ongwen yayin da yake tafiya zuwa makarantar firamare ta Abili a Koro. A cewar shaidarsa wannan ya faru ne a shekarar 1988 lokacin da yake dan shekara goma sha huɗu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 March 2016 |title=Dominic Ongwen and the Search for Justice |url=http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/dominic-ongwen-and-search-justice |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715121603/http://www.warscapes.com/opinion/dominic-ongwen-and-search-justice |archive-date=15 July 2016 |access-date=11 June 2016 |publisher=warscapes.com}}</ref> Koyaya sau da yawa an ruwaito cewa yana da shekaru tara ko goma, kuma wasu fursunoni sun ɗauke shi har zuwa manyan sansanonin soja na LRA saboda 'ya fi ƙanƙanta da zai iya tafiya'. <ref name="africanarguments.org" /><ref name="justiceandreconciliation.com" /> Lokacin da mahaifiyar Ongwen ta ji cewa an sace shi, sai ta ki gudu tare da sauran mazauna kauyen tana cewa tana shirye ta fuskanci 'yan tawaye. A lokacin da suka dawo, wasu daga cikin dangin Dominic Ongwen sun same ta mutu kuma daga baya aka sami mahaifinsa ya mutu.<ref name="katakata.org">{{Cite web |date=2015-02-15 |title=Dominic Ongwen: a Tyrant or Victim of Circumstances? |url=https://katakata.org/dominic-ongwen-a-tyrant-or-victim-of-circumstances/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028020730/https://katakata.org/dominic-ongwen-a-tyrant-or-victim-of-circumstances/ |archive-date=2020-10-28 |access-date=2020-10-25 |website=Kata Kata |language=en-GB}}</ref> A cewar Private Eye, tun yana yaro Ongwen ya yi ƙoƙari ya tsere; lokacin da aka kama shi an tilasta masa ya fatar daya daga cikin sauran da rai. Daga baya, ya tilasta mata fursunoni su doke wasu fursunoni har su mutu, kuma ya jagoranci mutuwa ta hanyar dutse. == Ayyuka == Da zarar an sace shi, sai ya yi bukukuwan farawa wanda ya haɗa da azabtarwa da tilasta masa ya kalli bukukuwan tashin hankali na mutane da ake kashewa. Daga baya aka koyar da shi a karkashin kulawar Vincent Otti, yayin da yake yaro, a matsayin mayaƙan LRA. == Iyali == A lokacin da yake tare da LRA, Ongwen yana da mata da yawa, ciki har da Jennifer, Santa (Min Tata), Margaret, Florence Ayot, Agnes Aber (Min Ayari), Fatuma da Nancy Abwot . A cikin 1993 ne aka "canja" Florence Ayot, kanta mai sace, zuwa Ongwen bayan mijinta ya mutu. Ya kuma haifi akalla yara goma sha ɗaya, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-12-13 |title=DNA Expert Says Tests Show Ongwen is the Father of 11 Children |url=https://www.ijmonitor.org/2017/12/dna-expert-says-tests-show-ongwen-is-the-father-of-11-children/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028210252/https://www.ijmonitor.org/2017/12/dna-expert-says-tests-show-ongwen-is-the-father-of-11-children/ |archive-date=2020-10-28 |access-date=2020-10-25 |website=International Justice Monitor |language=en-US}}</ref> hudu daga cikinsu tare da Florence Ayot. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-06-14 |title=Florence Ayot, "My children are always reminded that their father is a notorious rebel commander" |url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95645/uganda-florence-ayot-my-children-are-always-reminded-their-father-notorious-rebel-commander |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028204833/https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95645/uganda-florence-ayot-my-children-are-always-reminded-their-father-notorious-rebel-commander |archive-date=2020-10-28 |access-date=2020-10-25 |website=The New Humanitarian |language=en}}</ref> Wasu kafofin sun ce yana da "fiye da yara 20".<ref name="ugandaradionetwork.net">{{Cite web |title=Dominic Ongwen Fathers Child In ICC Custody |url=https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/dominic-ongwen-fathers-child-in-icc-custody |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028205907/https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/dominic-ongwen-fathers-child-in-icc-custody |archive-date=2020-10-28 |access-date=2020-10-25 |website=Uganda Radionetwork |language=en}}</ref> Ayot daga baya ya shaida wa ICC cewa Ongwen, tare da wasu kwamandoji biyu da kanta, sun yi makirci don tserewa amma an gano shirin su kuma an sauke Ongwen, an cire shi kuma an ɗaure shi fiye da makonni biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-02 |title=A Former "Wife" to Ongwen Says They Wanted to Escape the LRA in 2003 |url=https://chimpreports.com/a-former-wife-to-ongwen-says-they-wanted-to-escape-the-lra-in-2003/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226155610/https://chimpreports.com/a-former-wife-to-ongwen-says-they-wanted-to-escape-the-lra-in-2003/ |archive-date=2022-02-26 |access-date=2020-10-25 |website=ChimpReports |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rahoton mutuwar == An ruwaito cewa an kashe Ongwen a yaƙi tare da ƙungiyar Sojojin Tsaro na Jama'ar Uganda a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 2005, kuma tsoffin kwamandojin LRA sun tabbatar da asalin jikin. Koyaya, a watan Yulin 2006, ICC ta ba da rahoton cewa yatsa na kwayar halitta na jikin ya tabbatar da cewa ba na Ongwen ba ne. Rahotanni na labarai na lokacin sun sanya Ongwen a kudu maso yammacin Equatorial, [[Sudan ta Kudu|Kudancin Sudan]], yana ƙoƙari ya sake komawa ga shugaban LRA Joseph Kony a Garamba, Lardin Ituri, arewa maso gabashin [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo]]. Ongwen da tsohuwar matarsu sun fito a fim din Picking up the Pieces by IRIN kuma an sake su a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2007. Mai magana da yawun rundunar tsaron jama'ar Uganda Maj. Felix Kulayije ya yi sharhi, "Abin takaici, ɗan'uwan yana da rai". == Haraji == Ongwen ita ce mafi ƙasƙanci daga cikin shugabannin LRA guda biyar waɗanda ICC ta ba da umarnin su na farko a watan Yunin 2005. Shi kadai ne wanda kotun ta yi nasara wajen tsare shi, kuma, ban da shugaban, Joseph Kony, shi kadai ne wanda yanzu ya rage da rai. Da farko an tuhume shi da laifuka huɗu na [[Laifin Yaƙi|Laifukan yaki]] (kisan kai, mummunan bi da fararen hula, da gangan ya jagoranci hari kan fararen hula da fashi) da laifukan laifuka uku akan bil'adama (kisan, bautar, da ayyukan rashin mutunci na haifar da mummunan rauni na jiki da wahala). An yi zargin aikata laifukan ne a ranar 20 ga Mayu 2004 a sansanin Lukodi IDP a gundumar Gulu, Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 January 2015 |title=Statement on Dominic Ongwen's initial appearance before the ICC – Women's Initiatives for Gender Justice |url=http://4genderjustice.org/statement-on-dominic-ongwens-initial-appearance-before-the-icc/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204053055/http://4genderjustice.org/statement-on-dominic-ongwens-initial-appearance-before-the-icc/ |archive-date=4 February 2016 |access-date=30 January 2016 |website=Women’s Initiatives for Gender Justice |publisher=4genderjustice.org}}</ref> Dukkanin tuhumar sun danganta da wani hari a sansanin mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu a cikin gida a Uganda a shekara ta 2004. A ranar 21 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2015, ICC ta zargi Dominic Ongwen da laifuka ban da wadanda aka tsara a cikin takardar shaidar kamawa: jimlar laifuka saba'in. Ƙarin cajin da ya shafi hare-hare a sansanin Pajule IDP, sansanin Odek IDP da sansanin Abok IDP. Laifukan da aka gabatar a kan wanda ake zargi a cikin mahallin waɗannan hare-haren sun haɗa da hare-hare kan fararen hula, kisan kai, yunkurin kisan kai. Har ila yau, manyan tuhume-tuhumen da aka yi wa Dominic Ongwen sun haɗa da laifukan jima'i da na jinsi da aka aikata daga 2002 zuwa 2005 a Sinia Brigade - tilasta aure, fyade, azabtarwa, bautar jima'i, da bautar - da kuma tattara yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 15 don shiga cikin tashin hankali daga 2002 zuwa 2005, a Sinia brigade . [1] Zargin sun dogara ne akan shaidar da ta haɗa da maganganun shaidu ko rubuce-rubuce na tambayoyin jimlar shaidu 123, rikodin sadarwa ta rediyo ta LRA, da shaidar baki na shaidu bakwai a watan Satumba da Nuwamba 2015.<ref name="icc-cpi.int1">{{Cite web |title=item |url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/item.aspx?name=PR1202 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808110245/https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/item.aspx?name=PR1202 |archive-date=2016-08-08 |access-date=2016-06-11 |publisher=icc-cpi.int}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] [[Rukuni:CS1 maint: archived copy as title]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8c6jci8fxcrl7atcfqqivvx904rl8ad 0 174801 961790 947438 2026-10-02T07:21:30Z BnHamid 12586 961790 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Neripteron vespertinum''''' nau'in katantanwa ne na ruwa mai tsafta, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mouthon |first=J. |date=1981 |title=Typologie des Mollusques des eaux courantes. Organisation biotypologique et groupements socioécologiques |url=https://www.limnology-journal.org/articles/limn/abs/1981/02/limn1981172p143/limn1981172p143.html |journal=Annales de Limnologie |language=fr |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=143–162 |doi=10.1051/limn/1981018 |issn=0003-4088}}</ref> wani nau'in gastropod na ruwa a cikin dangin Neritidae . == Bayani == Bakinsa ya yi laushi, gabaɗaya siriri ne, an lulluɓe shi da kauri mai laushi, kuma yana da santsi a ciki da waje. Bakin yana da launin kore mai kama da zaitun wanda ke da ɗan duhu ko launin ruwan kasa mai haske. <ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=2014-04-23 |title=Native Animals |url=https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/dar/habitat/about-streams/native-animals/ |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=Division of Aquatic Resources |language=en}}</ref> Faɗin harsashin zai iya kaiwa har inci 1, tare da fikafikai masu kama da haskoki waɗanda suka fara daga saman. <ref name=":22" /> == Rarrabawa da wurin zama == Wannan nau'in yana da yawa a Hawai'i kuma ana samunsa a duk Tsibiran Hawaii. <ref name=":33">{{Cite web |title=NatureServe Explorer 2.0 |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.117838/Neripteron_vespertinum |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=explorer.natureserve.org}}</ref> Ana samun wannan mollusk kusan koyaushe a cikin [[Ruwan Daɗi|ruwan sha mai tsafta]], <ref name=":03" /> musamman ƙananan ƙoramu masu ɗan ruwa kaɗan da ba a taɓa su ba kusa da manyan duwatsu. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=Wi, Neripteron vespertinum |url=https://www.keokistender.com/marine/mollusks/gastropods/nerites/neripteron-vespertinum.htm |access-date=2024-02-21 |website=www.keokistender.com}}</ref> Ana kuma samun su a cikin magudanar ruwa, a kan saman da ya taurare kamar duwatsu, duwatsu, da kuma tallafi gada. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fitzsimmons |first=J. M. |last2=Parham |first2=J. E. |last3=Benson |first3=L. K. |last4=McRae |first4=M. G. |last5=Nishimoto |first5=R. T. |date=April 2005 |title=Biological assessment of Kahana Stream, Island of O'ahu, Hawai'i: An application of PABITRA survey methods |url=http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24178 |journal=Pacific Science |language=en-US |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=273–281 |doi=10.1353/psc.2005.0015 |issn=0030-8870 |url-access=subscription |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == Matsayin kiyayewa == Matsayin kiyayewa na ''N. vespertinum'' a halin yanzu yana cikin mawuyacin hali. Barazana masu yiwuwa ko waɗanda ke ci gaba da faruwa ga wannan mollusk sun haɗa da yadda ake binne ruwa da kuma yadda ake binne shi, gurɓatawa, da kuma karkatar da ruwa; waɗanda suka takura rarrabawa da yawan waɗannan mollusks. Mafi mahimmanci, ambaliyar ruwa ko ambaliyar ruwa mai yawa - wanda ke haifar da yawan dattin laka, abubuwan gina jiki, shara da sauran gurɓatattun abubuwa da ke kwarara zuwa rafuka, koguna, magudanan ruwa, da tekuna suma suna haifar da babbar barazana. <ref name=":33" /> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [[doi:10.3390/d13050215|Christensen, CC; Hayes, KA; Yeung, NW (2021).]] [[doi:10.3390/d13050215|Tsarin zamantakewa, kiyayewa, da kuma makomar katantanwa na asali a cikin ruwa a Tsibirin Hawaii.]] [[doi:10.3390/d13050215|Bambancin ra'ayi.]] [[doi:10.3390/d13050215|13(5): 215: 1-12]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jvj1fpbwkkb3z5bw5kgp9qdt4yascp8 0 175094 961767 948403 2026-10-02T07:07:36Z BnHamid 12586 961767 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Bridge_of_Avon_-_geograph.org.uk_-_6986.jpg|thumb| Tsohon Gadar Avon, Ballindalloch]] '''Inveravon''' wani yanki ne na gundumar [[Moray]], [[Scotland]].<ref name="Gazetteer">{{Cite web |title=Parish of Inveravon |url=https://www.scottish-places.info/parishes/parfirst295.html |access-date=14 August 2024 |website=The Gazetteer for Scotland |publisher=School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh and The Royal Scottish Geographical Society}}</ref> Tana cikin ƙananan kogin Avon kuma ta haɗa da matsugunin Ballindalloch.{{Sfn|Ordnance Survey}} == Yanayin ƙasa == [[File:Scalan_-_geograph.org.uk_-_264262.jpg|thumb| kallon ƙasa Glenlivet daga [[Scalan]]]] Wannan cocin da ke da cunkoson jama'a ya miƙe daga mahaɗar Avon (wanda ake kira A'an {{Sfn|Keay|Keay|1994}} ) da Kogin Spey a kudu zuwa cocin Kirkmichael . Jimillar yankin cocin yanzu ya kai {{Cvt|198.8|km2|0}} an gyara iyakokin bayan buga Dokar Kananan Hukumomi (Scotland) ta 1889. <ref name="Gazetteer" /> Iyakokin da ke akwai a yanzu sun haɗa da Ballindalloch da [[Marypark]] a Speyside, wani ƙaramin yanki na ƙasa a gefen arewa na Spey kusa da waɗannan matsugunan, wani ɓangare na ƙananan Stratha'an da kuma dukkan Glenlivet . {{Sfn|Ordnance Survey}} == Ƙididdige Jama'a == A shekara ta 1798, cocin Inveravon ya cika da membobi 1,394 na Cocin Scotland da kuma [[Cocin katolika|Katolika na Roman]] 850 (wanda aka bayyana a matsayin "masu adawa da juna" kawai a can) {{Sfn|Grant|Leslie|1798}} wanda ya sa jimillar yawan jama'a ya kai 2,244. A shekarar 2011, adadin ya kai 913 {{Sfn|GROS|2011}} kuma zuwa shekarar 2022 ya ragu zuwa 738. == Tarihi == [[File:Ballindalloch_Castle_-_panoramio.jpg|left|thumb| Fadar Ballindalloch]] Stratha'an sarauta ce ta lardi da aka fara rubutawa tsakanin 1194 da 1198 wadda ta kasance tare da cocin Kirkmichael da Inveravon. {{Sfn|Ross|2015}} Ikklisiyar ta kasance wani ɓangare na gundumar tarihi ta Banffshire har sai da aka soke ta a shekarar 1974. <ref name="Vision">{{Cite web |title=Inveravon, Banffshire |url=https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/16581 |access-date=14 August 2024 |publisher=Portsmouth University}}</ref> <ref name="Gazetteer" /> Wataƙila Wolf na Badenoch ne ya gina katangar Drumin a ƙarƙashin Glenlivet. Katanga biyu sun rage tsayin hawa huɗu, amma duk da cewa katangar ta kasance mai ban sha'awa, yanayin zama a wurin bai daɗe ba. Bayan an sayar da shi ga Earl na 3 na Huntly, sai ya lalace a ƙarni na sha shida. Gawar wani coci, rijiya da kuma wurin binne gawawwaki suna nan a gabar yammacin A'n a kudu da mahadar Glenlivet. Chapel ɗin yana da tsawon mita 11.5 da mita 4. Ko da yake babu wata alama da ta rage a wasu kaburbura, an rubuta kasancewar duwatsu da dama a ƙarshen ƙarni na 18. A farkon zamanin zamani, Gidan Ballindalloch ya zama gidan iyali na dangin Macpherson-Grant kuma ya kasance a hannunsu tsawon kusan ƙarni biyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Welcome |url=https://www.ballindallochcastle.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318234359/http://www.ballindallochcastle.co.uk/ |archive-date=18 March 2015 |access-date=2021-12-24 |website=Ballindalloch Castle}}</ref> A ƙarshen ƙarni na sha takwas, "waje na ginin da kuma ƙawata kyawawan dabi'un halitta, sun nuna shi wurin zama na alfarma wanda aka haɗa shi da ɗanɗano mafi daidai". {{Sfn|Grant|Leslie|1798}} Marubucin ɓangaren Inveravon na ''Tsohon Asusun Kididdiga'' ya ƙara da cewa "ta hanyar tarihin Scotland a kowane zamani, tabbas ne cewa babu wani lokaci da mutane, manya ko ƙanana, na kowane matsayi, suka rayu rayuwarsu a cikin yanayi mafi aminci ko kwanciyar hankali." {{Sfn|Grant|Leslie|1798}} [[Scalan]] da ke Glenlivet makarantar addini ce ta Katolika ta Scotland kuma ɗaya daga cikin wurare kaɗan a Scotland inda ake horar da samari su zama firistocin Katolika a lokacin tsanantawar da aka yi wa Katolika a ƙarni na 18. Gidan yanzu gidan tarihi ne. A kan titin Strath Avon kusa da Ballindalloch akwai Tsohon Gadar Avon wanda aka buɗe a shekarar 1800 kuma yanzu ana amfani da shi ne kawai don zirga-zirgar masu tafiya a ƙasa. Wani allo yana nuna mafi girman wurin da kogin ya kai a lokacin Muckle Spate na 1829, wanda ya ɗaga matakin ruwan da mita 7. Babban titin A95 yanzu ya ratsa kogin ta hanyar gadar siminti da aka gina a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20 wanda ke da nisan mita 50 kacal daga kudu maso yamma. [[File:The_Glenlivet_distillery.jpg|thumb| Kamfanin sarrafa giya na Glenlivet]] An buɗe tashar jirgin ƙasa ta Ballindalloch a shekarar 1863 kuma ta kasance wani ɓangare na Strathspey Railway (GNoSR) har zuwa lokacin da aka rufe ta a shekarar 1965. An yi amfani da ginin tashar a matsayin masaukin baƙi ga masu tafiya a ƙasa da masu kekuna suna bin hanyar Speyside wadda ke kan layin layin dogo da aka wargaza amma yanzu gida ne na sirri. == Tattalin Arziki == Yawon shakatawa, noma, gandun daji da kuma narkar da wiski sun mamaye tattalin arzikin yankin. Glenlivet tana da gidan sarrafa Tamnavulin . Bugu da ƙari, a gefen yammacin kogin akwai kamfanin sarrafa giya na Glenlivet mallakar Chivas Brothers wanda ke sayar da fiye da tantuna miliyan ɗaya a kowace shekara. Sauran wuraren sayar da giya a cikin cocin sun haɗa da Glenfarclas, Cragganmore, Tormore, da Ballindalloch, waɗanda na ƙarshe ke aiki daga gonar gidan sarauta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cragganmore |url=https://www.whisky.com/whisky-database/distilleries/details/cragganmore.html |access-date=2023-10-07 |website=www.whisky.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="whisky-distilleries">{{Cite web |title=Tormore |url=http://www.whisky-distilleries.info/Tormore_EN.shtml |publisher=Scotland:Whisky and Distilleries}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 81uqewv52m1qskne2jwjwwqjpowpa17 0 175354 961797 949020 2026-10-02T07:24:04Z BnHamid 12586 961797 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Pleurobema riddellii''''', '''ɗan itacen Louisiana''', nau'in mussel ne mai ruwa-ruwa, mollusk na ruwa mai siffar bivalve a cikin dangin Unionidae, mussels na kogin. Wannan nau'in yana da yawa a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 5y1dh3jnc6xaq9e2b9it2coiyprg702 0 175372 961792 949044 2026-10-02T07:22:39Z BnHamid 12586 961792 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Penstemon navajoa''''' wani nau'in shuka ne mai fure da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba a cikin dangin plantain wanda aka fi sani da suna '''Navajo Mountain Beardtongue''', ko '''Navajo Beardtongue''' . Yana da yaɗuwa a [[Utah]] a Amurka, inda aka san shi ne kawai daga Gundumar San Juan . Wannan ciyawar [[Shuka mai Shekaru|da aka daɗe]] tana girma zuwa santimita 20 zuwa 40 a tsayi. Yana fitar da furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da gemu fari, suna yin fure a watan Yuli da Agusta. Yana girma a wurare masu buɗewa a cikin dazuzzukan coniferous. Akwai wurare biyar kacal da aka sani da wannan shukar, galibi a kan Dutsen Navajo a cikin ƙasar Navajo . Yana iya fuskantar barazana daga [[Wildfire|gobarar daji]] da kuma ƙoƙarin kashe gobara . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] m5g1ouumtj17llotl6nzoysk3hgdv26 0 175536 961814 949367 2026-10-02T08:48:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Devil's_Pulpit_in_Finnich_Glen_(from_above).JPG|thumb| Mumbarin Iblis a Finnich Glen, wanda aka gani daga sama]] '''Finnich Glen''' a Stirlingshire, [[Glen|gajeriyar dutse]] ce mai tsayi har zuwa 70 zurfin ƙafa wanda ke gudana gabas daga gadar Finnich akan A809. An sassaka shi da jan dutse mai yashi ta hanyar [[Carnock Burn]]. Yana da wani dutse mai zagaye da aka sani da Mumbarin Shaidan <ref>{{Cite web |title=Devil's Pulpit |url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/devils-pulpit}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2017 |title=How to Find the Devil's Pulpit in Finnich Glen, Scotland |url=https://www.findingtheuniverse.com/how-to-find-devils-pulpit-finnich-glen-scotland-photography-guide/}}</ref> da kuma wani matattakala mai tsayi da aka sani da Matakan Shaidan, wanda aka gina a shekara ta 1860. [[File:Devil's_Pulpit_in_Finnich_Glen.JPG|thumb| Mumbarin Iblis a Finnich Glen yana kallon gabas]] Bayan an yi amfani da shi wajen nuna fim ɗin St Ninian's Spring na almara a cikin shirin talabijin na soyayya ''mai suna Outlander'' a shekarar 2014, shafin ya ga karuwar yawon buɗe ido, inda aka kiyasta cewa baƙi 70,000 ne ke zuwa wurin kowace shekara. Wannan ya haifar da damuwa ga wurin da kansa, da kuma ga masu yawon bude ido da jami'an yankin, yayin da baƙi suka taka shinge don shiga wurin sannan suka yi ta bin matakan dutse na shekaru 200 da suka lalace waɗanda aka yi amfani da su wajen shiga gadon kwarin, lamarin da ya lalata wurin kuma a lokuta da dama ya buƙaci a tura ƙungiyoyin ceto na tsaunuka zuwa kwarin don ceto. <ref name="BaynesSept2019" /> Ganin cewa babu wuraren ajiye motoci, yawan masu yawon bude ido ya kuma bar dimbin motoci da aka ajiye a gefen titin karkara da ke makwabtaka da su, wanda hakan ya toshe hanyoyin shiga ga mazauna yankin da kuma masu ba da agajin gaggawa . <ref name="BaynesSept2019" /> A ƙarƙashin shirin haɓaka ƙasa na fam miliyan biyu, mai filaye David Young ya ba da shawarar gina wurin a matsayin wurin shakatawa na yawon buɗe ido, wanda ya haɗa da cibiyar baƙi da gidan cin abinci, bandakuna, wurin ajiye motoci mai wurare 150, "hanyoyin tafiya a ƙasa, dandamalin kallo da gadoji a saman kwarin, da kuma sabon matattakalar katako da ƙarfe". <ref name="BaynesSept2019" /> Shirin yana buƙatar amincewa daga majalisar yankin. <ref name="BaynesSept2019" /> An kuma nuna shi a matsayin wuri a cikin ''Gidan Gida'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Carr |first=Flora |date=2020-04-12 |title=Where is The Nest filmed? Location guide for BBC One drama |url=https://www.radiotimes.com/news/tv/2020-04-12/the-nest-location-guide/ |access-date=2020-04-22 |publisher=Radio Times |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422150230/https://www.radiotimes.com/news/tv/2020-04-12/the-nest-location-guide/ |archive-date=2020-04-22 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == 1pxtuqtm6276awd6ua6sxif05dihfmd 0 175635 961404 949692 2026-10-01T13:35:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An bayyana '''Coenraad De Buys''' (1761 - 1821) a matsayin "wani mutum mai ban mamaki" <ref name="The Afrikaners: biography of a people" /> a kan iyakar Cape Colony . Matafiya sun bayyana shi da tsoro. Bayanan su sun ambaci cewa shi mutum ne mai ban sha'awa, kusan ƙafa bakwai kuma yana da babban amincewa da kansa. == Halin zuriya == Jean De Bus, mai shuka inabi daga Calais, ya isa Cape a ranar 25 ga Afrilu 1688, a cikin De Oosterland tare da sauran Huguenots na Faransa. Ya auri wata mace ta Faransa, Sara Jacob, kuma ɗansu Jean da jikansa Jean (wani lokacin ana kiransu Jan) sun auri matan Cape Dutch. Wannan auren na ƙarshe ya haifar da 'ya'ya da yawa, gami da ɗa Coenraad De Buys (ko Buys), wanda ake ɗauka a matsayin stamvader ("mahaifi") na mutanen De Buys ko Buys.<ref name="Coenraad Du Buys on Geni.com">{{Cite web |title=Coenraad du Buys (1761 - 1822) - Genealogy |url=http://www.geni.com/people/Coenraad-du-Buys/6000000003356122088}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == A shekara ta 1773, an gina kimanin gidaje takwas a cikin Langkloof. Masu gabatarwa na yankin sun hada da Jan De Buys a gonar De Ezeljacht . Shi ne mahaifin Coenraad De Buys . An haifi Coenraad a gonar Wagenboomrivier a shekara ta 1761. Yana da gonarsa, De Opkomst, kusa da Kareedouw / [[Montagu, Afirka ta Kudu|Montagu]] . <ref name="Langkloof Route - South Africa">{{Cite web |title=Langkloof Route - South Africa |url=http://www.openafrica.org/route/Langkloof-Route}}</ref> Lokacin da Coenraad ke kusa da shekaru 7 ya ga mahaifinsa yana zaune a kan kujera "tare da ƙafafunsa da aka shimfiɗa kamar katako". Yana riƙe da ciki kuma yana ihu. Duk wannan dare ya yi kuka cikin ciwo kuma ya mutu washegari. Coenraad ya yi tafiya zuwa gidan 'yar uwarsa Geertruy kuma ya gaya mata game da mutuwar. Geertruy ta gaya wa Coenraad cewa ta ga wani mutum ya mutu ta wannan hanyar - mijin farko na mahaifiyarsu Christina, Dirk Minnie, wanda shine mahaifin Geertrui.<ref name="Coenraad de Buys - The First Transvaaler - Agatha Elizabeth Schoeman">{{Cite web |title=Coenraad de Buys - The First Transvaaler - Agatha Elizabeth Schoeman |url=http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04062011-162438/}}</ref> An yi imanin cewa Christina ta kashe su duka biyu. Coenraad ya yanke shawarar kada ya koma gida kuma ya zauna tare da Geertruy da mijinta, David Senekal, yana kiwon dabbobin da ya karɓa daga dukiyar mahaifinsa. Christina ta auri ɗan'uwan David, Jacob Senekal, cikin watanni shida.<ref name="Coenraad de Buys - The First Transvaaler - Agatha Elizabeth Schoeman" /> == Rayuwar tawaye == A farkon shekarun 1780 Coenraad ya zauna a gona kusa da [[Kogin Boesmans (East Cape)|Kogin Bushmans]] a [[Zuurveld]] tare da wata mace Baster-Khoikhoi, Maria van der Horst, tare da ita yana da 'ya'ya bakwai.<ref name="Coenraad de Buys - The First Transvaaler - Agatha Elizabeth Schoeman" /> Maria ta fito ne daga zuriyar bawa. Sau da yawa yakan haye Kogin Kifi kuma ya mamaye shanu daga [[Mutane Xhosa|Xhosa]]. Langa, wani shugaban Zuurveld, ya zargi De Buys ya kama matarsa kuma ya yi amfani da ita a matsayin ƙwaraƙwarar, kuma wasu shugabannin biyu sun ce De Buys 'ya riƙe' matansu da shanu. Ya tafi ya zauna a gidan Ngqika da ke bayan iyakar mulkin mallaka. A nan ya zama masoyin mahaifiyar Ngqika, Yese, matar Mlawu kaRarabe, kuma ya zama babban mai ba da shawara ga Nqqika.<ref name="RICSA Volume 1 Chapter 1">{{Cite web |title=RICSA Volume 1 Chapter 1 |url=http://web.uct.ac.za/depts/ricsa/projects/sochist/read-volume-1-chapter-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110909031746/http://web.uct.ac.za/depts/ricsa/projects/sochist/read-volume-1-chapter-1.html |archive-date=2011-09-09 |access-date=2011-10-25}}</ref> Ya kuma dauki matar Thembu, Elizabeth, kuma yana da 'ya'ya da yawa tare da ita.<ref name="A Cauldron Of Conflict A Turbulent Frontier Coenraad De Buys">{{Cite web |title=A Cauldron Of Conflict A Turbulent Frontier Coenraad De Buys |url=http://newhistory.co.za/part-1-chapter-2-a-cauldron-of-conflict-a-turbulent-frontier-coenraad-de-buys/ |access-date=2026-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109005942/http://newhistory.co.za/part-1-chapter-2-a-cauldron-of-conflict-a-turbulent-frontier-coenraad-de-buys/ |archive-date=2014-01-09 |url-status=dead}}</ref> A wannan lokacin Coenraad na ɗaya daga cikin fararen mutane da yawa waɗanda ke gefen Xhosa a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na kan iyaka da Boers sannan kuma da Birtaniya. Daga 1799 shugaban Rharhabe Ngcika (wanda aka fi sani da Ngqika da Gaika) "Babban Wuri" ya raba shi da tsohon abokinsa "Khula" ko Coenraad De Buys. Wannan wurin a bayyane yake a cikin kwarin kogin Tyumi, a kudancin Hogsback. A ranar 20 ga Satumba 1799, Dokta Johannes Van Der Kemp, mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje daga London Missionary Society, ya sadu da Coenraad De Buys a Kaffirland, inda Coenraad ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara ga van Der Kemp tare da Ngqika. <ref name="RICSA Volume 1 Chapter 1" /> Coenraad ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Ngqika.<ref name="A Cauldron Of Conflict A Turbulent Frontier Coenraad De Buys" /> A wannan shekarar da kuma Coenraad da Dr Van Der Kemp na gaba abokantaka ta girma. A ƙarshen 1800 Coenraad da Van Der Kemp sun yanke shawarar yin yaƙi ta hanyar "Eastern Bosjesmen", mai yiwuwa waɗanda ke kusa da Stormbergen, don neman sabuwar ƙasa. A kwanakin farko na Janairu 1801, sun haye kogin Kabusie, matakin farko na tafiyarsu. Kogin mai karfi ya wanke Van der Kemp kuma kusan ya nitse a ƙetare, amma Coenraad ya ɗauki ɗan matakai zuwa Van Der Kemp kuma ya cire shi daga kogi ba tare da ya tsoma kansa ba. A lokacin Batavian ya koma gona a Langkloof, inda ya zauna tare da Maria, Elizabeth da babban dangin yara masu launin fata. A kusa da 1812 Coenraad ya sake zama a George, amma nan da nan ya yi jayayya da Martha Ferreira. A lokacin shari'arta, shaidun sun shaida cewa Martha ta doke bawanta Manissa kusan kowace rana da sjambok har ma ta sa Manissa ta rasa daya daga cikin idanunta. A wata rana an aika Manissa don neman itace. Lokacin da Manissa ba ta dawo ba bayan ɗan lokaci Martha ta bi ta, amma ta koma gida ba tare da ita ba. Daga baya, kimanin rabin sa'a tafiya daga gidan gona, an sami tarin itace wanda aka ɗaure shi da igiya (wanda aka yi da petals na tulip). A wannan wuri akwai hanyar sawun jini, jini, wani yanki na taaiboshout (tsire-tsire), alamun jan hankali, 'n karos da ƙananan sawun Martha Ferreira. [1] Wannan lamarin ya faru ne yayin da Martha ke zaune a cikin wani gida; wannan ya fi dacewa da Fort Frederick. An gina Fort Frederick a cikin 1799 don kare bakin Kogin Baakens kuma yana tsaye yana kallon tashar jiragen ruwa ta Port Elizabeth. == Mutuwa == A shekara ta 1818 Coenraad ya koma arewa zuwa lardin Limpopo na yanzu, yanzu yana kasuwanci tare da Sotho-Tswana kuma watakila Portuguese kusa da Mozambique. Ya bar adadi mai yawa na zuriyar da suka haɗu, daga baya aka kira Buys Bastaards, waɗanda suka kafa al'umma ta musamman.<ref name="A Cauldron Of Conflict A Turbulent Frontier Coenraad De Buys" /> A cikin 1820 Coenraad ya yanke shawarar matsawa arewa zuwa kogin Madikwe (Marico) zuwa kwarin Limpopo. Tsonga da Afro-Portuguese a cikin kwarin zasu iya samar masa da gunpowder don musayar hauren giwa. Ya zauna sama da tsetse-fly da kuma malaria belt a Tswapong Hills gabashin Palapye, a gabashin Botswana na yanzu. A lokacin tafiyar Elizabeth ta kamu da zazzabin rawaya kuma ta mutu inda suka zauna. A cikin tsufa, kuma ba shi da lafiya na shekaru da yawa, Coenraad ya damu. Ya yi tafiya ta ƙarshe zuwa [[Mozambik|Mozambique]] kuma ya nemi 'ya'yansa maza da iyalansu su jira shi a kan iyaka a kan kogin Limpopo. Bai sake dawowa ba. An yi imanin cewa ya mutu jim kadan bayan wannan. Ba a taɓa samun gawar Coenraad ba, kuma kodayake akwai jita-jita cewa ya yi niyyar tafiya zuwa Gabashin Gabashin Portugal, ba a taɓa samun wata hujja game da ya isa can ba. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] s82siantp0s0oe8wahtx1sdi8nzqcvl 0 175657 961781 949769 2026-10-02T07:13:28Z BnHamid 12586 961781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Wasan '''Merseyside derby''' wasa ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|na ƙwallon ƙafa]] tsakanin [[Everton FC|Everton]] da [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]], ƙungiyoyi biyu da ke zaune a [[Liverpool]], Merseyside, Ingila. Wannan ita ce wasan tsere mafi tsawo da aka buga a saman teburi a Ingila, inda aka buga wasan farko na hukuma a ranar 13 ga Oktoba 1894. An ci gaba da buga wasan derby tun kakar wasa ta 1962-63 . Wani ɓangare na fafatawar ya faru ne saboda kusancin filin wasan kulob biyu, wanda bai wuce mil ɗaya ba kuma yana kusa da juna a kusa da Stanley Park, lokacin da Everton ta buga wasa a Goodison Park ; yanzu suna buga wasannin gida a [[filin wasa na Hill Dickinson]] da ke Vauxhall, yayin da Liverpool har yanzu ke buga nata a [[Filin Wasa na anfield|Anfield]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2018 |title=Liverpool v Everton: The changing face of the Merseyside derby |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/42557039 |access-date=5 January 2018 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> A al'adance ana kiran wasan Merseyside derby a matsayin "wasan tsere na abokantaka" saboda yawan iyalai a birnin tare da magoya bayan Everton da Liverpool, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan kaɗan da ba su tilasta wa magoya baya su ware kansu gaba ɗaya ba. An yi wa wasan ƙarshe na cin kofin ƙwallon ƙafa na 1984 a Wembley lakabi da "ƙarshen wasan ƙarshe na abokantaka" saboda kusan dukkan sassan filin wasa sun haɗu kuma magoya bayan ƙungiyoyin biyu sun haɗu suna rera "Merseyside". Wasan ƙarshe na Kofin FA na 1986 ya ga irin wannan yanayin haɗin kai. Tun daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980, hamayya ta ƙaru a filin wasa da kuma a wajen fili, kuma an samu ƙarin katin ja fiye da kowane wasa tun lokacin da aka kafa gasar Premier. A shekarun 2010, Liverpool ce ta mamaye wasan derby, wanda ake kyautata zaton ya zama mafi rinjaye a gasar firimiya ta Ingila. Duk da haka, ya zama mai gasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} nqksr8aradt9fbps2kfrwa2mv5in3ox 0 175772 961717 950189 2026-10-02T06:24:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961717 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}}{{Databox}} Stephanus Franszouis du Toit, wanda aka fi sani da Fanie du Toit، ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin wakilin dindindin a Majalisar Lardin Kasa daga Mayu 2019 har zuwa Mayu 2024. Wani memba na Freedom Front Plus, Du Toit ya kasance memba na wakilin lardin Arewa maso Yamma. == Ayyukan majalisa == Du Toit memba ne na Freedom Front Plus . Bayan zaben a ranar 8 ga Mayu 2019, an rantsar da shi a matsayin dan majalisa a ranar 23 ga Mayu 2019. Yana daya daga cikin wakilan FF Plus na dindindin guda biyu a Majalisar Lardin Kasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hansard: NCOP: Unrevised hansard |url=https://pmg.org.za/hansard/28538/ |access-date=15 August 2020 |website=Parliamentary Monitoring Group}}</ref> Du Toit ya kasance memba na tawagar Arewa maso Yamma. Du Toit bai koma NCOP ba bayan Babban zaben 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wessels |first=Wouter |date=2024-07-22 |title=Minister's post for FF Plus leader necessitates minor changes to party's parliamentary leadership |url=https://www.vfplus.org.za/media-releases/ministers-post-for-ff-plus-leader-necessitates-minor-changes-to-partys-parliamentary-leadership/ |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=Freedom Front Plus |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502005827/https://www.vfplus.org.za/media-releases/ministers-post-for-ff-plus-leader-necessitates-minor-changes-to-partys-parliamentary-leadership/ |archive-date=2025-05-02 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === Ayyukan kwamitin === An nada shi a cikin kwamitocin da suka biyo baya a ranar 24 ga Yuni 2019: * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Kudin <ref name="Parl">{{Cite web |title=Mr Stephanus Franszouis Du Toit |url=https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/442 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815180751/https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/442 |archive-date=15 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Kudi <ref name="Parl" /> * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Gyaran Ƙasa, Muhalli, Albarkatun Ma'adanai da Makamashi <ref name="Parl" /> * Kwamitin Zaɓuɓɓuka kan Kasuwancin Jama'a da Sadarwa <ref name="Parl" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 6hidy5a9bfibvoc2bkr7xm9uvkw2nkp 0 175851 961811 950519 2026-10-02T08:38:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Chateau Carreras''' da '''Estadio Cordoba''', filin wasa ne a unguwar Chateau Carreras na Córdoba, Argentina. Wurin da ke karkashin ikon lardin Córdoba, galibi ana amfani da shi ne don wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙungiyoyi da na ƙungiyar rugby, sannan kuma wani lokacin don [[Wasannin Motsa Jiki|wasannin motsa jiki]] . An ƙaddamar da filin wasan a shekarar 1978 don gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1978, tare da ɗaukar 'yan kallo 37,851 duk da cewa ba ya samar da wurin zama ga dukkansu, kamar sauran filayen wasa na Argentina. Yawancin ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa a Córdoba suna da filayen wasa na kansu amma galibi suna fifita yin wasa a wannan filin wasa saboda girmansa da kuma jin daɗinsa, musamman lokacin yin wasanni masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke jan hankalin jama'a. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da wannan filin wasa don wasannin Talleres, kuma ana amfani da shi don wasannin Belgrano, Instituto da Racing . An kuma buga wasannin gida na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Argentina a nan. A watan Oktoban 2010 aka canza sunan zuwa girmama Mario Kempes, tsohon dan wasan tawagar Argentina kuma babban mai zura kwallaye a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1978, wanda shi ma dan asalin Córdoba ne. Daga baya an gyara filin wasan Mario Kempes don shirye-shiryen gasar Copa America ta 2011, sannan aka sake buɗe shi a ranar 26 ga Yuli 2011. == Tarihi == An ba wa "Sánchez Elía-Peralta Ramos" Architects studio na Buenos Aires aikin gina filin wasan, wanda daga nan ya haɗa da masu zane-zane na Córdoba don gudanar da aikin. A shekarar 1976, gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Argentina karkashin jagorancin Jorge Rafael Videla, ta kafa wata hukuma mai cin gashin kanta ("EAM 78") wadda ta karɓi gyaran da gina filayen wasa da gine-gine don gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1978 da za a gudanar a Argentina. Baya ga Estadio Olímpico, sauran filayen wasa da za a gyara don gasar cin kofin duniya sun hada da River Plate, Vélez Sarsfield, Ciudad de Mendoza, da filin wasa na Mar del Plata . Tun lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da ayyukan, farashin gine-gine ya karu zuwa dala miliyan 520 na Amurka, wanda ya ninka na [[Kofin Duniya na FIFA na 1982|gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1982]] sau biyar. A ƙarshe an buɗe filin wasan a ranar 16 ga Mayu 1978, a wani wasa inda Argentina ta fafata da 'yan ƙasar. Gasar cin kofin duniya ta farko da aka gudanar a filin wasa na ''Chateau Carreras'' ita ce wadda Peru ta doke [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Scotland|Scotland]] 1 da ci 3 da 1, a ranar 3 ga watan Yuni. A shekarar 2006 da 2007, filin wasan ya karbi bakuncin wasu Matakai na Musamman na Rally Argentina, zagaye na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya . A watan Oktoban 2010, Majalisar Dokokin Lardin Córdoba ta amince da sauya sunan filin wasan zuwa " Mario Alberto Kempes " domin girmama tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da aka haifa a lardin. Wani ɗan jarida na yankin Claudio Menditto ne ya jagoranci wannan sauyi a cikin labarinsa mai suna "A trailing for ''Matador'' ", wanda aka buga a shekarar 2008. A lokacin 2010 da 2011, filin wasan ya fuskanci wani tsari na gyara. Filin ya nutse da nisan mita 4, an maye gurbin allunan maki na Autocontrol da aka sanya don gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1978 da hotunan bidiyo na zamani, an gina sabbin rumfunan tsayawa don inganta yanayin rashin kyawun gani sakamakon rashin kyawun filin wasan kuma an ƙara yawan ɗaukar fasinjoji zuwa 57,000, wanda ya zama filin wasa na uku mafi girma a Argentina ta hanyar ɗaukar kujeru. An sake buɗe shi a ranar 26 ga Yuni 2011, kwana 5 kacal kafin fara gasar Copa America ta 2011 . Ayyukan sun haɗa da sanya rufin a kan rumfunan hawa, da kuma faɗaɗa zuwa ga masu kallo 57,000. Bayan haka, an gyara dukkan walƙiyar. An rufe wuraren wasan gaba ɗaya bayan an kammala gasar. An samu yawan halartar filin wasa tun daga ranar 6 ga Mayu 2013, lokacin da aka fara wasan a ranar 9 ga watan Mayu. zagaye na 2012–13 Torneo Argentino A Talleres ta doke <nowiki><i id="mwgg">Tucumano</i></nowiki> ' team San Jorge, inda ta samu daukaka zuwa Primera Nacional a gaban 'yan kallo 62,000. == Wasannin motsa jiki == === Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIFA ta 1978 === A lokacin gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1978, filin wasan ya dauki nauyin wasanni biyu na rukuni na 2, wasanni uku na rukuni na 4 da kuma wasanni uku a zagaye na biyu . [[File:Estadio_Olímpico_de_Córdoba_1978.jpg|thumb| Filin wasan yayin wasan cin kofin duniya na FIFA na 1978]] {| class="wikitable collapsible" !Date !Round !Group !Team 1 !Score !Team 2 |- |3 June | rowspan="5" |1 |4 |{{Fb|PER}} |3–1 |{{Fb|SCO}} |- |6 June |2 |{{Fb|GER}} |6–0 |{{Fb|MEX}} |- |7 June |4 |{{Fb|SCO}} |1–1 |{{Fb|IRN|1964}} |- |10 June |2 |{{Fb|GER}} |0–0 |{{Fb|TUN|1959}} |- |11 June |4 |{{Fb|PER}} |4–1 |{{Fb|IRN|1964}} |- |14 June | rowspan="3" |2 | rowspan="3" |A |{{Fb|NED}} |5–1 |{{Fb|AUT}} |- |18 June |{{Fb|GER}} |2–2 |{{Fb|NED}} |- |21 June |{{Fb|AUT}} |3–2 |{{Fb|GER}} |} === Sauran wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa === [[File:Estadio_Córdoba_(Arg_vs_Ghana)_2.jpg|thumb| Filin wasan ya kasance a lokacin wasan sada zumunci tsakanin Argentina da [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta kasa a Ghana|Ghana]] a shekarar 2009. An ɗauki wannan hoton kafin a sake gyara shi]] Filin wasa na Mario Kempes ya dauki nauyin wasanni uku na rukunin B da kuma wasan kusa da na karshe a lokacin gasar Copa America ta 1987 ; wasanni biyar na matakin rukuni, wasanni biyu na zagaye na 16, wasan kusa da na karshe da kuma wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar FIFA ta matasa ta duniya ta 2001, sannan kuma a gasar Copa America ta 2011, filin wasan ya dauki nauyin wasanni biyu na rukunin B, wasa daya na rukunin A da kuma wasan kusa da na karshe. Filin wasan ya kuma gudanar da wasannin karshe na Copa Argentina na 2015 da 2016, da kuma Supercopa Argentina na 2015 . Baya ga haka, filin wasan ya karbi bakuncin gasar 2020, inda Defensa y Justicia ta lashe gasar zakarun bayan ta doke Lanús da ci 3-0, da kuma wasan karshe na Copa Sudamericana na 2022 . A cikin 2022 filin wasa Mario Kempes ya karbi bakuncin wasan karshe na Copa de la Liga tsakanin Boca Juniors da Tigre . === Ƙungiyar ƙwallon rugby === Filin wasa na Mario Kempes ya karbi bakuncin wasannin ƙungiyar rugby da dama na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Argentina . Haka kuma, Unión Cordobesa de Rugby ta yi amfani da filin wasan don bayyana misalan gasar cin kofinta na shekara-shekara, haka kuma ƙungiyar wakilanta ta buga wasanni da dama da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ke yawon shakatawa. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left" !Date !Event ! width="120px" |Home team ! width="50px" |Score ! width="120px" |Away team !Ref. |- |22 Oct 1985 |New Zealand tour |Córdoba RU |{{Center|9–72}} |{{Ru|NZL}} | |- |21 Jun 1988 |France tour |Córdoba RU |{{Center|9–42}} |{{Ru|FRA}} | |- |10 Jun 1996 |France tour |Córdoba RU |{{Center|22–19}} |{{Ru|FRA}} | |- |18 Jun 2005 |Italy tour |{{Ru|ARG}} |{{Center|29–30}} |{{Ru|ITA}} | |- |16 Jun 2012 |France tour |{{Ru|ARG}} |{{Center|23–20}} |{{Ru|FRA}} | |- |16 Aug 2025 |Rugby Championship |{{Ru|ARG}} |{{Center|24–41}} |{{Ru|NZL}} | |- |4 Jul 2026 |Nations Championship |{{Ru|ARG}} |{{Center|38–47}} |{{Ru|SCO}} | |} === Sauran wasannin motsa jiki === An yi fafatawar lashe kambun Super-Bantamweight na ƙungiyar dambe ta duniya ta 1982 tsakanin zakaran Sergio Palma da tsohon zakaran gasar WBA ta duniya Jorge Luján . Palma ta yi nasara a fafatawar bayan an yi zagaye 15. == Wuraren more rayuwa == [[File:Estadio de Córdoba.jpg|thumb|Duban sama na cikakken rukunin wasanni na "Polo Deportivo Kempes"]] Filin wasa na Mario Alberto Kempes yana tsakiyar wani fili mai girman hekta 40 da kuma [[sports complex|rukunin wasanni]] mai suna '''Polo Deportivo Kempes''', wanda ya ƙunshi filin wasan [[field hockey|hockey na fili]] na lardin "Soledad García", wanda aka buɗe a shekarar 2012,<ref>[https://www.cahockey.org.ar/noticia/el-nuevo-estadio-soledad-garcia/793 El nuevo estadio Soledad García] a CAH, 9 Janairu 2012</ref> kuma aka sanya masa suna don girmama zakarar duniya sau biyu [[Soledad García]]; [[Olympic-size swimming pool|wurin iyo mai girman na Olympics]], wanda aka buɗe a shekarar 2014 kuma aka sanya masa suna bayan 'yar wasan Olympics [[Georgina Bardach]];<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150626124738/http://canchallena.lanacion.com.ar/1752167-la-nueva-piscina-de-cordoba-fue-bautizada-como-georgina-bardach La nueva piscina de Córdoba fue bautizada como Georgina Bardach] a Cancha Llena, 13 Disamba 2014 (an adana shi)</ref> wani ƙaramin filin wasa, wanda yake arewacin babban filin wasan, inda ake gudanar da atisaye da ƙananan wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa da rugby; da kuma da'irar BMX, filin tseren gudu, da wuraren wasan ƙwallon kwando, ƙwallon raga da wasan tennis.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150626170030/http://deportes.cienradios.com/2015/03/13/conoce-el-estadio-mario-alberto-kempes-y-la-agencia-cordoba-deportes/ Conocé el estadio Mario Alberto Kempes y a la Agencia Córdoba Deportes] a Cienradios (an adana shi, 26 Yuni 2015)</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2019, Polo Deportivo Kempes yana karɓar bakuncin [[Córdoba Open]], gasar maza ta [[ATP World Tour 250 series]] da ake gudanarwa a filayen laka na waje.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://tennis.life/2018/10/26/site-chosen-for-new-cordoba-atp-event/| title=Site chosen for new Córdoba ATP event| accessdate=20 January 2019| archive-date=21 January 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121010921/https://tennis.life/2018/10/26/site-chosen-for-new-cordoba-atp-event/| url-status=dead}}</ref> == Wasannin kide-kide == Wasu daga cikin mawakan da suka gudanar da wasannin kide-kide a filin wasa na Mario Kempes sun haɗa da: {| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style= ! Ƙasa ! Mawaƙi ! Shekara ! {{abbr|Ref.|References / Sources}} |- | {{flag|USA}}|| [[Gloria Gaynor]]|| 1978 ||<ref>[https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/poprock/gloria-gaynor-en-cordoba-lo-pasado-bailado/ Gloria Gaynor en Córdoba: lo pasado, bailado], La Voz, Satumba 2014</ref> |- | {{flag|ARG}}|| [[Sandro]]|| 1980 ||<ref>[https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/pop/rock/chateau-carreras-lugar-grandes-ocasiones/ Chateau Carreras: Lugar de grandes ocasiones], La Voz, Yuni 2011</ref> |- | {{flag|ITA}}|| [[Franco Simone]]|| 1980||<ref>[https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/pop/rock/chateau-carreras-lugar-grandes-ocasiones/ Chateau Carreras: Lugar de grandes ocasiones], La Voz, Yuni 2011</ref> |- | {{flag|ARG}}|| [[Palito Ortega]]|| 1980 ||<ref>[https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/pop/rock/chateau-carreras-lugar-grandes-ocasiones/ Chateau Carreras: Lugar de grandes ocasiones], La Voz, Yuni 2011</ref> |- | {{flag|MEX}} || [[Luis Miguel]] || 1982, [[Romance Tour (Luis Miguel)|1992]], [[Segundo Romance Tour|1994]], [[America Tour|1996]], [[Romances Tour|1997]], [[Amarte Es Un Placer Tour|1999]], [[33 Tour|2003]], [[Cómplices Tour|2008]] || |- | {{flag|ARG}} || [[Sumo (band)|Sumo]]|| 1986, 1987, 1988 ||<ref>[https://indiehoy.com/indieayer/sumo-y-los-35-anos-de-llegando-los-monos-el-desorden-como-bandera/ Sumo y los 35 años de Llegando los monos: El desorden como bandera] by Sebastián Bruno on Indie Hoy</ref> |- | {{flag|ARG}}|| [[Soda Stereo]] || 1987, 1990, 1991, 2007 ||<ref>[https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/musica/10-anos-del-ultimo-show-de-soda-stereo-en-cordoba-el-dia-que-los-vimos-volver/ A 10 años del último show de Soda Stereo en Córdoba] – La Voz, 15 Disamba 2017</ref> |- | {{flag|SWE}}|| [[Roxette]]|| 1992 ||<ref>[https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/musica/roxette-en-cordoba-tres-visitas-que-abonaron-un-amor-para-toda-la-vida/ Roxete en Córdoba] a La Voz</ref> |- | {{flag|ARG}}|| [[Serú Girán]] || 1992 ||<ref>[https://notepeines.com.ar/completo-para-ver-seru-giran-en-cordoba-1992/ COMPLETO, PARA VER: SERÚ GIRÁN EN CÓRDOBA, 1992]</ref> |- | {{flag|BRA}} || [[Xuxa]] || 1992 || |- | {{flag|UK}} || [[Peter Gabriel]] || 1993 ||<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://archivo.lavoz.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=498016 |title=El estigma Peter Gabriel |access-date=2026-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260921165900/https://archivo.lavoz.com.ar/nota.asp%3Fnota_id%3D498016 |archive-date=2026-09-21 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | {{flag|UK}} || [[Duran Duran]] || 1993 ||<ref>[https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/musica/entrevista-a-john-taylor-de-duran-duran-nunca-imaginamos-que-esto-duraria-tanto/ Entrevista a John Taylor, de Duran Duran]</ref> |- | {{flag|USA}}|| [[Bon Jovi]]|| [[I'll Sleep When I'm Dead Tour|1993]] ||<ref>[https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/pop/rock/bon-jovi-vuelve-20-anos-despues/ Bon Jovi vuelve 20 años después] a La Voz, 25 Agusta 2013</ref> |- | {{flag|USA}}|| [[Aerosmith]]|| [[Get a Grip Tour|1994]] ||<ref>[https://www.lanacion.com.ar/espectaculos/musica/como-se-vivio-el-show-de-aerosmith-en-cordoba-en-redes-sociales-nid1944548/ Cómo se vivió el show de Aerosmith en Córdoba], ''La Nación''</ref> |- | |{{flag|PRI}}|| [[Ricky Martin]] || 1995 ||<ref>[https://sevilla.abc.es/andalucia/cordoba/sevi-todo-debes-saber-sobre-concierto-ricky-martin-cordoba-201809010921_noticia.html Todo lo que debes saber sobre el concierto de Ricky Martin] a ABC.es</ref> |- | {{flag|SPA}}|| [[Alejandro Sanz]] || [[El Alma Al Aire Tour|2001]] || |- | {{flag|ARG}}|| [[Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota|Los Redondos]] || 2001 ||<ref>[https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/musica/18-anos-del-show-de-los-redondos-en-el-chateau-carreras/ A 18 años del show de Los Redondos en el Chateau Carreras], La Voz, 4 Agusta 2019</ref> |- | {{flag|ARG}}|| [[La Renga]]|| 2003, 2008 || |- | {{flag|ARG}}|| [[Callejeros]]|| 2006 || |- | {{flag|SPA}}|| [[Joaquín Sabina]] da [[Joan Manuel Serrat]]|| 2007 || |- | {{flag|ARG}}|| [[Los Fabulosos Cadillacs]] || 2008 || |- | {{flag|MEX}}|| [[Maná]] || [[Amar es Combatir Tour|2007]], [[Drama y Luz World Tour|2011]] ||<ref>[https://www.lavoz.com.ar/vos/pop/rock/noche-luna-con-mana-cordoba/ Una noche de luna con Maná en Córdoba], La Voz, 11 Disamba 2011</ref> |- | {{flag|GUA}}|| [[Ricardo Arjona]]|| 2010, [[Metamorfosis World Tour|2012]], 2014 || |- | {{flag|COL}}|| [[Shakira]]|| [[The Sun Comes Out World Tour|2011]], [[Las Mujeres Ya No Lloran World Tour|2025]] ||<ref>[https://www.laprensa.com.ar/372016-Shakira-hizo-vibrar-a-Cordoba-con-un-gran-espectaculo.note.aspx Shakira hizo vibrar a Córdoba con un gran espectáculo] 4 Maris 2011 a ''La Prensa''</ref> |- | {{flag|USA}}|| [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]]|| [[The MDNA Tour|2012]] ||<ref>[https://tn.com.ar/musica/en-vivo/madonna-se-despidio-en-cordoba-con-un-corte-de-luz_294905/ Madonna se despidió en Córdoba con un corte de luz] a TN, 23 Disamba 2012</ref> |- | {{flag|URU}}|| [[No Te Va Gustar]]|| 2013 || |- | {{flag|CAN}}|| [[Justin Bieber]] || [[Believe Tour|2013]] ||<ref>[https://www.infobae.com/2013/11/09/1522496-justin-bieber-hizo-vibrar-30-mil-personas-cordoba/ Justin Bieber hizo vibrar a 30 mil personas en Córdoba] Infobae, 9 Nuwamba 2013</ref> |- | {{flag|USA}}|| [[Romeo Santos]] || 2015 ||<ref>[https://miafm.cienradios.com/romeo-santos-vuelve-cordoba/ Romeo Santos vuelve a Córdoba]. Mía FM – Cienradios, 28 Nuwamba 2014</ref> |- | {{flag|UK}}|| [[Iron Maiden]]|| [[The Book of Souls World Tour|2016]] ||<ref>[https://www.diariojornada.com.ar/154278/espectaculos/Iron_Maiden_dejo_su_marca_en_Cordoba Iron Maiden dejó su marca en Córdoba] a Diario Jornada – 14 Maris 2016</ref> |- | {{flag|UK}}|| [[Paul McCartney]] || [[One on One (tour)|2016]], [[Got Back|2024]] || |- | {{flag|ARG}}|| [[Tini (singer)|Tini]] || [[Tini Tour 2022|2022]], 2026 || <ref>[https://eldoce.tv/show/2026/03/20/furor-total-por-tini-en-cordoba-el-kempes-explota-en-la-presentacion-de-futttura/ Con una impactante puesta, clásicos, lluvia e invitados, Tini hizo vibrar al Kempes] at eldoce.tv. 21 Mar 2026</ref> |} == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} [[Rukuni:Webarchive template wayback links]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4zkx5nsw30eduuybeh7rckzldj9xc69 0 176312 961777 952546 2026-10-02T07:12:01Z BnHamid 12586 961777 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Katantanwa na sculpin''', [[Nomenclature na binomial|sunan kimiyya]] '''''Stiobia nana''''', nau'in ƙaramin katantanwa ne mai ruwan sha mai operculum, wani nau'in mollusk na ruwa a cikin dangin Hydrobiidae . Wannan nau'in yana da yawa a Amurka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} s1d2902vigvto4be01m57qkpzw7n7ag 0 176349 961782 952644 2026-10-02T07:14:04Z BnHamid 12586 961782 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Stygobromus heteropodus''''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Pickle Springs amphipod''', nau'in amphipod ne na phreatobite a cikin dangin Crangonyctidae . Yana da yawa ga Ste. Gundumar Genevieve, Missouri a Amurka. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} curkh2krbchpg2szjcjao0fz9wvbhmw 0 176564 961498 954061 2026-10-01T18:11:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''David Leigh Waltz''' (28 Mayu 1943 - 22 Maris 2012) masanin kimiyyar kwamfuta ne wanda ya ba da gudummawa sosai a fannoni da yawa na [[Kirkirar Basira|hankali na wucin gadi]], gami da gamsuwa da ƙuntatawa, tunani na shari'a da kuma aikace-aikacen lissafi mai yawa ga matsalolin AI.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=March 22, 2012 |title=In Memoriam: David L. Waltz, CCLS Director &#124; The Fu Foundation School of Engineering & Applied Science - Columbia University |url=http://www.engineering.columbia.edu/memoriam-david-l-waltz-ccls-director |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120503121521/http://engineering.columbia.edu/memoriam-david-l-waltz-ccls-director |archive-date=2012-05-03 |access-date=2012-03-23 |publisher=Engineering.columbia.edu}}</ref><ref name="David L. Waltz: In Memoriam">{{Cite journal |last=Gabriel |first=Richard P. |last2=Finin |first2=Tim |last3=Sun |first3=Ron |date=2012-08-01 |title=David L. Waltz: In Memoriam |url=https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/aimagazine/article/view/2440 |journal=AI Magazine |volume=33 |issue=4 |page=19 |doi=10.1609/aimag.v33i4.2440 |access-date=2021-01-17 |doi-access=free}}</ref> &nbsp;Ya rike mukamai a fannin ilimi da masana'antu kuma a lokacin mutuwarsa, ya kasance farfesa a fannin kimiyyar kwamfuta a Jami'ar Columbia inda ya jagoranci Cibiyar Nazarin Kwamfuta.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Waltz |first=David |author-link=David Waltz |last2=Buchanan |first2=Bruce G. |year=2009 |title=Automating Science: Computers with intelligence can design and run experiments, but learning from the results to generate subsequent experiments requires even more intelligence |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5923 |pages=43–44 |doi=10.1126/science.1172781 |pmid=19342574 |s2cid=36543867}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=David Waltz's Home Page |url=http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~waltz/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528095333/http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~waltz/ |archive-date=2013-05-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Waltz |first=D. |last2=Pollack |first2=J. |year=1985 |title=Massively parallel parsing: A strongly interactive model of natural language interpretation |journal=Cognitive Science |volume=9 |pages=51–74 |doi=10.1016/S0364-0213(85)80009-4 |doi-broken-date=1 July 2025 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Ilimi == An haifi Waltz a [[Boston|Boston, Massachusetts]] a cikin 1943. Ya halarci Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts (MIT) inda, a matsayin dalibi na ɗan gajeren hankali Marvin Minsky, ya kasance wani ɓangare na Laboratory na Ilimin Ilimin Ilimi na MIT kuma ya sami digiri na S.B. (1965), MS (1968) da Ph.D. (1972), duk a cikin Injiniyan Lantarki. Rubutun Ph.D. nasa a kan hangen nesa na kwamfuta ya fara fagen yaduwar ƙuntatawa, wanda ya ba da damar shirin kwamfuta don samar da cikakken ra'ayi na uku na wani abu da aka ba da zane mai girma biyu tare da inuwa. == Ayyuka == Bayan kammala karatunsa a MIT a 1972, Waltz ya zama farfesa a fannin kimiyyar kwamfuta a Jami'ar Illinois a Urbana-Champaign . A shekara ta 1984 ya shiga kamfanin Thinking Machines Corporation inda ya jagoranci kungiyar Knowledge Representation and Natural Language (KRNL). A can, damar da yake da ita ga manyan kwamfutoci masu yawa ya ba shi damar yin aiki a kan sabbin hanyoyin dawo da bayanai wanda ya haɗa da kwatantawa da adadi mai yawa na bayanai. Tare da Craig Stanfill, ya samo asali ne daga fannin tunani na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na tunani na shari'a. Har ila yau, abubuwan da yake so na bincike sun haɗa da dawo da bayanai masu yawa, hakar bayanai, ilmantarwa da rarraba ta atomatik tare da tsinkaya na tsarin furotin na aikace-aikace, da sarrafa harshe na halitta da aikace-aikacen ilmantarwa na inji da aka yi amfani da su ga grid na'urar lantarki. Yayinda yake a Thinking Machines, Waltz ya kasance Farfesa a fannin kimiyyar kwamfuta a Jami'ar Brandeis. A cikin 1993 Waltz ya bar Thinking Machines don shiga Cibiyar Bincike ta NEC a Princeton, inda daga ƙarshe ya tashi ya zama Shugaban Binciken NEC. Waltz ya shiga Jami'ar Columbia a shekara ta 2003 a matsayin Darakta na [https://web.archive.org/web/20110903160230/http://www.ccls.columbia.edu/ Cibiyar Nazarin Kwamfuta] da aka adana 2011-09-03 a . Waltz ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Ƙungiyar don Ci gaban Ilimin Artificial (AAAI) daga 1997 zuwa 1999 kuma shine tsohon Shugaban kungiyar Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence (SIGART). Ya kasance a cikin Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na IEEE Intelligent Systems, da kuma kwamitin Kwamfuta na Kwamfuta na Kungiyar Binciken Kwamfuta, da Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Kasa (NSF) Kwamitin Ba Da Shawara na Kimiyya. Ya kasance a cikin Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Fasaha na Lab na Sojoji da Kwamitin Ba Da Shawara na Cibiyar Nazarin Dan Adam da Injin Florida, Kwamitin Ba tare da Shawara ta Fasaha na Cibiyar Kula da Kwamfuta ta Cork (4C), Ireland, kuma ya yi aiki a kan allon ba da shawara na waje na kwanan nan don Jami'ar Rutgers, Jami'ar Carnegie Mellon, Jami'a ta Brown, da École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). == Kyaututtuka == An zabi Waltz a matsayin Fellow na Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) a cikin 1990 kuma Fellow na Ƙungiyar don Injin Kwamfuta a cikin 1998. A shekara ta 2011 an zaba shi a matsayin mai karɓar lambar yabo ta AAAI Distinguished Service Award don sabis na musamman da ci gaba ga al'ummar fasaha ta wucin gadi. == Rayuwa ta mutum == David Waltz ya auri Bonnie (Freedson) Waltz a shekarar 1970. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, Vanessa Waltz (an haife ta 1972) da Jeremy Waltz (a haife ta a 1975). Baya ga sadaukarwarsa ga al'ummar kimiyya, ya kasance miji da uba mai matukar sadaukarwa, kuma matarsa da 'ya'yansa sun yi tafiya a kai a kai tare da shi zuwa tarurruka da yawa da kuma ayyukan sana'a a duk lokacin da yake aiki. Jeremy da matarsa Kathy suna da jikokin Hannah a shekara ta 2003, a wannan lokacin "The Dude" ya zama laƙabi na Waltz tsakanin dangi da abokai. === Mutuwa === David Waltz ya mutu a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Princeton, New Jersey a ranar 22 ga Maris, 2012 daga ciwon daji na kwakwalwa; yana da shekaru 68. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-03-23 |title=David L. Waltz, Computer Science Pioneer, Dies at 68 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/24/science/david-l-waltz-computer-science-pioneer-dies-at-68.html |access-date=2012-03-24 |website=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-03-22 |title=In Memoriam: David L. Waltz, CCLS Director |url=http://engineering.columbia.edu/memoriam-david-l-waltz-ccls-director |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327165308/http://www.engineering.columbia.edu/memoriam-david-l-waltz-ccls-director |archive-date=2012-03-27 |access-date=2012-03-24 |website=Columbia Engineering}}</ref> [3] <ref name="David L. Waltz: In Memoriam" />Baya ga matarsa, Bonnie Waltz, ya sami ɗan'uwa, Peter; ɗa, Jeremy; 'yar, Vanessa Waltz, da jikarsa. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1943]] [[Rukuni:Matattun 2012]] fnog4pbfndp5n9wny43nhckjjosa58x 0 176742 961834 955214 2026-10-02T09:54:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961834 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Birgediya Janar '''Don Francisco Domingo Joseph Bouligny y Paret''' (4 ga Satumba 1736 - 25 ga Nuwamba 1800) wani jami'in Sojan Spain ne kuma mai kula da mulkin mallaka wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin gwamnan riƙo na Louisiana a 1799. A matsayinsa na mai amfani da harshen Faransanci a harshen Sifaniyanci, ya kasance gada tsakanin Creole da Faransanci Louisiana da Spain bayan da aka mayar da yankin daga Faransa zuwa Spain. Bouligny ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin gwamna a ƙarƙashin Bernardo de Gálvez kuma ya kafa New Iberia a shekarar 1779.<ref name="Din76">{{Cite journal |last=Din |first=Gilbert C. |date=Spring 1976 |title=Lieutenant Colonel Francisco Bouligny and the Malagueño Settlement at New Iberia, 1779 |journal=Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=187–202 |jstor=4231587}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == Bouligny, wanda iyalinsa suka kira "Frasquito", an haife shi a shekara ta 1736 a Alicante, Spain, ga Jean (Juan) Bouligny, wani ɗan kasuwa mai nasara daga zuriyar Faransa, da Marie Paret, wacce ta fito daga Alicante. Yana ɗan shekara 10, an tura shi makarantar yara maza da Bishop na Orihuela ya kafa, inda ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1750 kuma ya shiga kasuwancin shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje, wanda ke cinikin yadi, kayan ƙanshi, giya, da sauransu daga ko'ina cikin Bahar Rum da kuma a faɗin Tekun Atlantika. <ref>{{Cite book|edition=Klemens}}</ref> A shekara ta 1758, Bouligny ya shiga rundunar sojojin Spain, yana yi wa rundunar Zamora hidima. Shekara guda bayan haka, ya koma rundunar sojojin Royal Regiment of Spanish Guards kuma aka naɗa shi Laftanar a cikin rundunar sojojin ƙasa aka aika shi zuwa [[Havana]], [[Cuba]], a shekara ta 1762. A wancan lokacin, Spain ta shiga Yaƙin Shekaru Bakwai, kuma yayin da Bouligny ke kan hanyarsa daga Cádiz, Turawan Ingila sun kwace Havana . Sabbin umarni sun sa Bouligny ya jira sauran yakin da aka yi a Santa Cruz de Tenerife a Tsibirin Canary. A watan Agusta na shekarar 1763, Bouligny ya isa Havana inda aka tura shi aiki har zuwa shekarar 1769 lokacin da ya haɗu da Alejandro O'Reilly a matsayin mataimakinsa don tafiyarsa ta kawo ƙarshen tawayen Louisiana . Ganin cewa Bouligny ya iya Faransanci sosai, an tuhume shi da isar da saƙonnin gwamnatin Spain ga mazauna Louisiana masu magana da Faransanci kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara a lokacin shari'ar sojoji da shugabannin 'yan tawayen. An ɗaukaka Bouligny zuwa matsayin kyaftin na brevet a cikin sabuwar rundunar sojojin Louisiana Fixed Infantry Battalion. A shekara ta 1772, Gwamna Luis de Unzaga ya naɗa shi cikakken kyaftin. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, Unzaga ta sauke Bouligny daga mukaminsa, kuma aka tsare shi a gidan yari saboda ya ba da umarnin ɗaurin shekaru shida a gidan yari maimakon hukuncin daurin watanni huɗu da aka haramta bisa ga dokokin sarki. Daga ƙarshe, O'Reilly ya yi sulhu a madadin Bouligny kuma aka mayar da shi kan aikinsa tare da gargaɗi. A shekarar 1775, an ba Bouligny izinin komawa Turai don sasanta al'amuran iyali. Yayin da yake Spain, Bouligny ya rubuta jawabi kan yawan jama'ar [[New Orleans]], Louisiana ( ''Memoria histórica y política sobre la Luisiana'' ). ''Memoria'' ta jawo hankalin kotun Spain ga mallakarta a Louisiana da kuma damar da take da ita na ci gaban noma da kasuwanci. Ya yi cikakken bayani game da yanayin ƙasa da kuma ilimin ruwa na yankin, gami da ambaliyar ruwa da guguwar ruwa ta haifar a Tafkunan Borgne da Pontchartrain. ''Memoria'' ya kuma nuna muhimmancin kyakkyawar dangantaka da al'ummar 'yan asalin Amurka na yankin, da kuma buƙatar inganta tsaron yankin a matsayin wani muhimmin abin kariya ga Birtaniya ta Arewacin Amurka . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Din |first=Gilbert C. |year=1978 |title=Protecting the 'Barrera': Spain's Defenses in Louisiana, 1763–1779 |journal=Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=183–211 |jstor=4231775}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hoffman |first=Louise C. |date=2000 |title='Luisiana': The Spanish |url=https://www.hnoc.org/sites/default/files/quarterly/HNOC_Q4_2k.pdf |journal=The Historic New Orleans Collection Quarterly |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=2–5 |access-date=2018-10-05}}</ref> Don haka, Bouligny ya haɗa da shawarwari dalla-dalla a cikin ''Memoria'' don sabbin katanga da ƙarfafawa a kan hanyoyin ruwa da yawa na yankin. <ref name="Cruz Freire2019">{{Cite journal |last=Cruz Freire |first=Pedro |year=2018 |title=La llave de Nueva España. Proyectos defensivos para los territorios de Luisiana (1770–1795) |trans-title=The Key to New Spain: Defensive Projects for the Territory of Louisiana (1770–1795) |journal=Ars Longa. Cuadernos de Arte |language=es |issue=27 |pages=113–124 |doi=10.7203/arslonga.27.11198 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Rahoton ya samu karbuwa sosai a Madrid kuma ya yi tasiri wajen jagorantar ci gaban Louisiana a nan gaba. <ref name="DBE">{{Cite web |last=<!-- no byline --> |title=Francisco Bouligny |url=http://dbe.rah.es/biografias/55709/francisco-bouligny |access-date=13 June 2021 |website=[[Diccionario biográfico español|Diccionario Biográfico Español]] |language=es}}</ref> === Kafa Sabuwar Iberia === [[File:Bouligny_Monument.jpg|left|thumb| Abin tunawa da aka girmama Francisco Bouligny da kuma farkon mazauna Malagueño na New Iberia, Louisiana.]] A shekarar 1777, Bouligny ya koma Louisiana, inda Gwamna Bernardo de Gálvez ya naɗa shi mataimakin gwamna. Daga cikin ayyukansa akwai kula da kasuwanci da dangantaka da ƙabilun 'yan asalin Amurka da kuma kafa sabbin matsugunan zama. A cikin ''Memoria'', Bouligny ya yi kira da a zaunar da 'yan Spain da sauran bakin haure Katolika a duk faɗin Louisiana don ƙarfafa ikon Spain a kan yankin, gami da 'yan Anglo-Americans waɗanda ke son canza amincinsu zuwa Spain. Bayan wannan shirin sulhu, a watan Afrilun 1779, Bouligny ya kawo ƙungiyar 'yan mulkin mallaka 500, musamman Malagueños tare da wasu Isleños, zuwa Bayou Teche don kafa birnin New Iberia . <ref name="Din76" /> Duk da haka, dangantakar da ke tsakanin Bouligny da Gálvez ta kasance mai tsauri. Su biyun sun yi karo ne kan batutuwan da suka shafi ciniki da matsuguni, musamman wurin da aka gina matsugunin New Iberia da kuma hanyar da Gálvez ya bi wajen gina matsugunin Birtaniya kusa da Kogin Mississippi. Bouligny ya kuma haɗa harkokin kasuwanci na kashin kansa da na hukuma, gami da aƙalla lokaci guda da ya biya kansa kuɗin amfani da bayinsa. Gálvez ya ci gaba da aiki tukuru don killace Bouligny, yana sanya shakku kan ayyukansa, yana bin diddigin kuɗaɗen da aka kashe wajen gina matsugunin New Iberia da kuma kuɗin Bouligny, kuma bai ba shi shawarar ci gaba ba. <ref name="Din93" /> <ref name="Powell2012" /> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nunemaker |first=J. Horace |date=August 1945 |title=The Bouligny Affair in Louisiana |journal=The Hispanic American Historical Review |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=339–363 |doi=10.2307/2507969 |jstor=2507969}}</ref> === Yaƙin Juyin Juya Halin Amurka === A ƙarshen shekarar 1779, a lokacin Yaƙin Juyin Juya Halin Amurka, Spain ta kai hari kan matsugunan Birtaniya a Yammacin Florida, kuma Bouligny ya shiga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na Manchac Post da Baton Rouge . A shekarar 1780, Bouligny ya jagoranci wani yaƙi da Turawan Ingila a Fort Charlotte, <ref name="Beerman">{{Cite journal |last=Beerman |first=Eric |date=October 1979 |title='Yo Solo' not 'Solo': Juan Antonio de Riaño |url=https://palmm.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/ucf%3A25449/datastream/OBJ/view |url-status=dead |format=PDF |journal=The Florida Historical Quarterly |volume=LVIII |issue=2 |pages=174–184 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160330080606/http://palmm.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/ucf%3A25449/datastream/OBJ/view |archive-date=March 30, 2016 |access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref> kuma daga baya ya shiga yaƙin Pensacola . == Rayuwa da aiki daga baya == A shekarar 1783, an umurci Bouligny da ya kawar da wani yanki na 'yan gudun hijira daga bauta ( [[Maroons|''cimarrones'']] ) a gefen kogin New Orleans. Zuwa watan Yunin 1784, tawagar ta kama mutane 60, ciki har da shugaban yankin, Jean Saint Malo ; a cikin binciken da ya biyo baya, jami'ai sun gano bayi goma sha biyu da ke taimakawa wajen tsara tserewa daga gonaki. A shekara ta 1784, yayin da Gwamna Esteban Rodríguez Miró ya yi tafiya zuwa Yammacin Florida don yin hulɗa da al'ummomin Muscogee, Chickasaw, da Choctaw, Bouligny ya yi aiki a matsayin mukaddashin gwamnan Louisiana. A shekara ta gaba, Miró ya aika Bouligny zuwa Natchez don tilasta mulkin Mutanen Espanya a yankin da kuma tsayayya da mamayewar Amurka da ke da alaƙa da Rikicin Yammacin Florida.<ref name="Din81">{{Cite journal |last=Din |first=Gilbert C. |date=July 1981 |title=War Clouds on the Mississippi: Spain's 1785 Crisis in West Florida |url=http://ucf.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/ucf%3A25456 |format=PDF |journal=The Florida Historical Quarterly |volume=LX |issue=1 |pages=51–76 |access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref> A watan Maris na shekara ta 1791, an nada Bouligny a matsayin kolonel kuma an sanya shi a matsayin kwamandan Louisiana Fixed Infantry Regiment, mukamin da ya rike har zuwa shekara ta 1797.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Din |first=Gilbert C. |date=Winter 2002 |title='For Defense of Country and the Glory of Arms': Army Officers in Spanish Louisiana, 1766–1803 |journal=Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=5–40 |jstor=4233810}}</ref> Bayan mutuwar Gov. Manuel Gayoso de Lemos a ranar 18 ga Yuli 1799, an nada Francisco Bouligny a matsayin gwamnan soja na Louisiana, tare da Nicolás María Vidal a matsayin gwamnan farar hula, har sai da sabon gwamnan janar, Sebastián Calvo de la Puerta y O'Farrill, Marquess de Casa Calvo, ya isa mulkin mallaka a ranar 17 ga Disamba Bouligny ya mutu a New Orleans a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba, 1800, bayan doguwar rashin lafiya. An girmama shi ta hanyar binne shi a cocin St. Louis . A watan Satumba na shekarar 1800, Masarautar Spain ta naɗa Bouligny brigadier janar, amma kwafin kwamitin bai isa Louisiana ba sai bayan mutuwarsa. <ref name="Martin" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == An bayyana Bouligny a matsayin "mai tsayi da ƙanƙanta, mai kyawawan halaye na soja, mai sauƙin kai da mutunci a cikin ɗabi'unsa, kuma mai ɗumi a cikin abotarsa." A tsawon rayuwarsa, Bouligny ya ci gaba da yin wasiƙu a harsunan Faransanci da Sifaniyanci tare da iyalansa da jami'ansa a faɗin duniya. Dangane da yaren da aka yi amfani da shi, ana kiran sunansa na farko da "Francisco" ko "François." A ranar 29 ga Disamba, 1770, Bouligny ta auri Marie-Louise Le Sénéchal d'Auberville (1750–1834) wacce take cikin wani fitaccen iyali a Louisiana ta Faransa. <ref name="THNOC">{{Cite web |last=The Historic New Orleans Collection |title=The Francisco Bouligny Lecture |url=http://www.hnoc.org/programs/bouligny.html |access-date=2013-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227170238/http://www.hnoc.org/programs/bouligny.html |archive-date=2013-02-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Aure ne mai amfani ga iyalai biyu, inda dangantakar siyasa ta Bouligny ta taimaka wajen biyan bashin da ke kan mahaifiyar Le Sénéchal d'Auberville, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar fara tara kadarori a birnin. Ma'auratan sun haifi 'ya'ya huɗu, ciki har da Charles Dominique Joseph Bouligny, wanda majalisar dokokin jihar ta zaɓe shi zuwa Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a shekarun 1820, da kuma Louis Bouligny, wanda aka sanya wa unguwar Faubourg Bouligny da ke New Orleans suna bayansa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Branley |first=Edward |date=12 October 2011 |title=NOLA History: The Neighborhoods of Uptown New Orleans |url=https://gonola.com/things-to-do-in-new-orleans/history/nola-history-the-neighborhoods-of-uptown-new-orleans |access-date=2020-06-30 |website=Go NOLA}}</ref> An zaɓi jikansa John Edward Bouligny a matsayin ɗan majalisa a shekarar 1859. Babban ɗan'uwan Bouligny, Juan de Bouligny, ya yi aiki a matsayin jakadan Spain na farko a [[Daular Usmaniyya|Daular Ottoman]] daga 1779 zuwa 1793. == Abin da ya bari == Bouligny ya bar abin da ake ɗauka a matsayin babban ɗakin karatu mai littattafai 48 a cikin kundin littattafai 147, wani ma'ajiyar giya da ke ɗauke da kwalaben giya kusan 500, da kuma bayi 31. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Din |first=Gilbert C. |year=1981 |title=The Death and Succession of Francisco Bouligny |journal=Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=307–315 |jstor=4232101}}</ref> Laburaren karatunsa sun haɗa da tarihin Tsohuwar Roma, Faransa, Amurka, Daular Rasha, da Jamus, da kuma nasarar da aka samu a Mexico da kuma tafiyar Kyaftin Cook ta uku. Yawancin ayyukan an yi su ne da Faransanci; biyar kawai aka yi su da Sifaniyanci. A shekarar 1977, zuriyar Bouligny sun kafa Gidauniyar Bouligny don haɓaka nazarin Sifaniyanci na Louisiana ta hanyar tallafawa bincike da jerin laccoci na shekara-shekara. Bayan rushewar ginin a farkon shekarun 2000, an ci gaba da shirin Lakca na Bouligny na shekara-shekara ta hanyar The Historic New Orleans Collection . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Francisco Bouligny Lecture |url=https://www.hnoc.org/programs/francisco-bouligny-lecture |access-date=2021-10-21 |website=The Historic New Orleans Collection}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] i573w383fj6y1lbernmv065aqloqr0r 0 176785 961505 955447 2026-10-01T18:16:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Swami Dayananda Saraswati''' (15 ga Agusta 1930 - 23 ga Satumba 2015) ya kasance ɗan zuhudu na tsarin Hindu Saraswati na sannyasa. An kuma san shi da Pujya Swamiji kuma malamin gargajiya ne na Advaita Vedanta. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Arsha Vidya Gurukulams a Pennsylvania, Amurka; Rishikesh, Uttarakhand da Coimbatore Tamil Nadu, Indiya. Shi ne kuma babban malamin addinin addinin Firayim Minista Narendra Modi. An ba shi kyautar Padma Bhushan, ( lambar yabo ta uku mafi girma ta farar hula a [[Indiya|Jamhuriyar Indiya]]), saboda hidimar da ya yi wa al'umma a fannin ruhaniya a shekarar 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2016 |title=PM Narendra Modi's Spiritual Guru Dayanand Saraswati Gets Padma Bhushan |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/pm-narendra-modis-spiritual-guru-dayanand-saraswati-gets-padma-bhushan-1270014 |access-date=17 August 2023 |publisher=[[NDTV]]}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == === Rayuwar farko === An haifi Swami Dayananda Saraswati a matsayin Natarajan a Manjakkudi a gundumar Thiruvarur ta Tamil Nadu a ranar 15 ga Agusta 1930 ga Shri Gopala Iyer da Smt Valambal, daga dangin Brahmin . Shi ne ɗan fari cikin 'ya'ya maza huɗu. Makarantarsa ta farko tana makarantar Gundumar da ke Kodavasal. Mahaifinsa ya mutu yana da shekaru takwas, wanda hakan ke nufin cewa dole ne Natarajan ya ɗauki nauyin iyalinsa tare da iliminsa. Bayan kammala karatunsa yana da shekaru goma sha bakwai, Natarajan ya zo Chennai don neman abin rayuwa. A can ya koyi Turanci kuma ya fara aikinsa a matsayin ɗan jarida a mujallar mako-mako ''ta Dharmika Hindu'', wacce TK Jagannathacharya (TKJ) ke gudanarwa. Duk da haka, saboda rashin kuɗin shiga da kuma umarnin wani abokinsa, Rangachari, Natarajan ya yi rajista a rundunar sojin sama a matsayin mayaƙi a [[Bengaluru|Bangalore]] tare da GTS (Tashar Horar da Ƙasa). Ba shi da nauyi sosai kuma bai iya cancanta ba amma an bar shi ya ci gaba. Daga baya ya bayyana cewa yana da burin zama matukin jirgi. Ayyukan iyali, wato shraddham na mahaifinsa (wani biki da aka yi don girmama wani kakansa da ya mutu), ya sa ya bar rundunar sojin sama. Fiye da komai, bai son taurin kai ba. "Babu 'yanci, na ji suna ƙoƙarin sarrafa hankalina. Ban taɓa barin wani ya taɓa iko da ni a kowane lokaci ba, babu kowa. Shi ya sa nake ganin ni Swami ne." Natarajan ya ci gaba da aikinsa na ɗan jarida tare da mujallar 'Dharmika Hindu' kafin ya shiga wata kamfanin labarai, 'The Lens' wanda Shri Rajagopal ke jagoranta. Ya kuma yi aiki a tsohon Volkart Brothers (wanda yanzu ake kira Voltas Limited). <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2015 |title=Hinduism saw renaissance in Swami Dayananda Saraswati's times |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150925/nation-current-affairs/article/hinduism-saw-renaissance-swami-dayananda-saraswatis-times}}</ref> A lokacin da ba ya nan, ƙaninsa MGSrinivasan ya ɗauki nauyin gonakin gidan kuma ya tabbatar da cewa iyalin suna da kuɗin shiga da za su rayu. === Shiga cikin Ofishin Jakadancin Chinmaya === Natarajan yana sha'awar Vedanta . Bayan sauraron jawaban jama'a na Swami Chinmayananda a shekarar 1952, Natarajan ya shiga cikin Ofishin Jakadancin Chinmaya a mukamai daban-daban kuma an nada shi sakataren Ofishin Jakadancin a cikin shekarar farko da aka kafa shi. Ya halarci azuzuwan Sanskrit na PS Subramania Iyer, Farfesa mai ritaya na Turanci. Iyer ne ya gabatar da mizanin rera baitocin Bhagavad Gita wanda da farko cibiyoyin mishan na Chinmaya suka biyo baya, kuma har zuwa yau duk cibiyoyin Arsha Vidya da sauran cibiyoyi suna biye da su. Swami Chinmayananda ya ɗora wa Natarajan alhakin kafa reshen Madurai na Ofishin Jakadancin Chinmaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Swami Dayanand Saraswati |url=https://www.hinduscriptures.in/gurus/modern-thinkers/swami-dayanand-saraswati |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.hinduscriptures.in}}</ref> A shekarar 1955, Natarajan ya raka Swami Chinmayananda zuwa Uttarakashi kuma ya taimaka masa wajen shirya rubutun Gita don bugawa. A Uttarakashi, ya haɗu da Babban Malamin Swami Chinmayananda, Tapovan Maharaj, wanda ya ba shi shawara, 'Kana da wani nauyi a kanka wanda shi ma yana da muhimmanci. Ka zauna a nan, ka yi bimbini ka yi karatu.' Natarajan ba zai iya karɓar wannan tayin ba a wannan lokacin. Duk da haka, ya yi wa Swami Tapovan Maharaj alƙawarin zai dawo bayan shekara guda don yin karatu tare da shi kuma ya yi. Natarajan ya koma Madras ya kuma ɗauki aikin editan ''Tyagi'', mujallar Chinmaya Mission da ke fitowa a duk mako. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dayananda Saraswati - Bhagavatha |url=https://nama.co.in/keerthana/bhagavatha_detail.php?bhaid=MjMx |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=nama.co.in}}</ref> A shekarar 1956, bisa shawarar Swami Chinmayananda, Natarajan ya koma [[Bengaluru]] ya ci gaba da gyara ''Tyagi'' wanda shi ma aka mayar da shi Bengaluru. A lokacin zamansa, Natarajan ya shiga Kwalejin Sanskrit da ke Chamrajpet kuma ya yi karatu tare da Farfesa Veeraraghavachariar. === Sannyasa === A shekarar 1961, da izinin Swami Chinmayananda, Natarajan ya tafi karatu a ƙarƙashin Swami Pranavananda a Gudivada don bayyana shakkunsa game da Vedanta da kuma yin bincike kan kansa. Zaman da Natarajan ya yi tare da Swami Pranavananda ya taimaka wa Natarajan ya fahimci cewa Vedanta Pramāna ce (hanyar ilimi) don sanin gaskiyar Kai. A cikin kalmomin Natarajan, Wannan sauyi a hangen nesansa game da Vedanta ya motsa Natarajan ya yi nazarin Shastra tare da sharhin Sankara. A cikin 1962, Swami Chinmayananda ya ba shi Sannyasa kuma ya sa masa suna Swami Dayananda Saraswati. A shekarar 1963, ya tafi Mumbai, inda aka kaddamar da Sandeepany Sadhanalaya na Ofishin Jakadancin Chinmaya, inda ya dauki nauyin gyara mujallar aikin ''Tapovan Prasad'' . Bugu da ƙari, Swami Dayananda ya koyar da waƙoƙin Bhagavad Gita da Upanishads ga ɗaliban Sandeepany. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Swami Dayananda Saraswati |url=https://www.tititudorancea.com/z/swami_dayananda_saraswati.htm |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.tititudorancea.com}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1963, Swami Dayananda ya yi aikin hajji zuwa Rishikesh kuma ya zauna a cikin wani bukka a Purani Jhadi wanda yanzu ake kira Dayananda Nagar. Ya yi shekaru uku a can, yana karatun Brahma Sutras a ƙarƙashin Swami Tarananda Giri a Kailash Ashram. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Redirect |url=https://dolatiaschan.com/4/5737255 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323225937/https://dolatiaschan.com/4/5737255 |archive-date=2023-03-23 |access-date=2025-01-16}}</ref> === Tattaunawar jama'a === A kusan shekarar 1967, saboda raguwar lafiyar Swami Chinmayananda, Ofishin Jakadancin ya tuntubi Swami Dayananda don gabatar da jawabai da laccoci ga jama'a. Tsakanin 1967 da 1970, Swami Dayananda ya yi tafiye-tafiye zuwa garuruwa da birane daban-daban a Indiya yana yaɗa koyarwar Gita da Upanishads. A shekarar 1971, Swami Dayananda ya amince ya gudanar da wani shiri na dogon lokaci a Sandeepany Sadhanalaya, Powai, Mumbai kuma ya tsara manhajar karatu wadda za ta bayyana hangen nesa na Vedanta. Tsakanin 1972 da 1979, Swami Dayananda ya gudanar da darussa biyu na Vedanta na zama na tsawon shekaru uku a Mumbai. A cikin kalamansa, A shekarar 1979, Swami Dayananda ta kafa wani shirin karatu na tsawon shekaru uku a Sandeepany West da ke Piercy, California. A shekarar 1982, ya koma Indiya kuma ya ci gaba da yaɗa saƙon Upanishads ta hanyar jawabai da laccoci ga jama'a. === Kwanakin ƙarshe === Swami Dayananda Saraswati ya mutu a bakin kogin Ganga, tare da mabiyansa da ɗalibansa a yammacin ranar 23 ga Satumba, 2015. Ya shafe makonni yana rashin lafiya kuma yana shiga da fita daga asibiti na ɗan lokaci. Yana da shekaru 85. An yi ayyukan ibada na ƙarshe na Swamiji ta hanyar gargajiya kamar yadda ya dace da ƙin yarda da wani. An binne shi a cikin kabari, wanda aka sani da "bhu" samadhi, tare da rera waƙoƙin Vedic da mantras mai ƙarfi. Manyan mutane da yawa, shugabannin Hindu da ɗalibansa sun kasance a wurin don girmama su. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-09-26 |title=Last rites of Swami Dayanand performed in Rishikesh |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/dehradun/last-rites-of-swami-dayanand-performed-in-rishikesh/story-YmQrB8AvtQxr7alltf9F9N.html |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> == Cibiyoyin Arsha Vidya == === Koyarwa === Swami Dayananda tare da taimakon manyan almajiransa ya koyar da shirye-shirye goma na shekaru uku (takwas a Indiya da biyu a Amurka) kuma ɗalibansa da yawa daga cikin waɗannan shirye-shiryen yanzu suna koyarwa a duk faɗin duniya. Sama da almajiransa na Sannyasi ɗari biyu suna koyar da tsarin nahawu na Vedanta da Panini. Suna kafa Arsha Vidya Sampradaya. <ref name="Home {{!}} Arsha Vidya Sampradaya">{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} Arsha Vidya Sampradaya |url=https://www.arshasampradaya.org/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.arshasampradaya.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416075159/https://www.arshasampradaya.org/ |archive-date=2021-04-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === Cibiyoyi === Swami Dayananda ya kafa cibiyoyin koyarwa na gargajiya guda huɗu da kuma wasu da yawa a faɗin duniya ta hanyar ɗalibansa, inda ya fi mai da hankali kan koyar da Vedanta, Sanskrit da sauran fannoni masu alaƙa. Waɗannan cibiyoyin koyarwa na gargajiya ana kiransu da ' Arsha Vidya ' ko 'Arsha Vijnana' (Ilimin Rishis). Yawancin ɗaliban Swami Dayananda sun yi amfani da kalmar 'Arsha' wajen sanya wa wuraren da suka fito suna don nuna asalinsu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Guiding Light – JJK Gurukulam |url=https://jjkgurukulam.org/guiding-light/}}</ref> Cibiyoyin koyarwa na Arsha Vidya guda huɗu waɗanda Swami Dayananda ta kafa sune: * Arsha Vidya Peetham, Swami Dayananda Ashram, Rishikesh 249201, Uttarakhand, India <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Swami Dayananda Ashram In Rishikesh UttarakhandTimings, Facts |url=https://www.chardhamtours.in/uttarakhand/rishikesh/swami-dayananda-ashram_1927.html |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=Char Dham Yatra |language=en}}</ref> * Arsha Vidya Gurukulam, PO Box 1059, Saylorsburg, Pennsylvania 18353, Amurka <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-21 |title=Arsha Vidya Gurukulam - Info, Timings, Photos, History |url=https://www.templepurohit.com/hindu-temple/arsha-vidya-gurukulam/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=TemplePurohit - Your Spiritual Destination {{!}} Bhakti, Shraddha Aur Ashirwad |language=en-US}}</ref> * Arsha Vidya Gurukulam, Anaikatti, Coimbatore – 641108, Tamil Nadu, India <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-11 |title=Arsh Vidya Gurukulam, Anaikatti becomes IYA Member Institution |url=https://www.yogaiya.in/arsh-vidya-gurukulam-anaikatti-becomes-iya-member-institution/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=Indian Yoga Association |language=en-US}}</ref> * Arsha Vijnana Gurukulam, Amravati Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 410033, India Waɗannan cibiyoyin zama suna gudanar da darussa na dogon lokaci, hutun mako 1-2, shirye-shiryen nazarin ƙarshen mako da kuma hutun iyali a duk shekara, kuma darussan da ake koyarwa sun haɗa da Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, Brahma Sutras da wasu rubuce-rubucen Vedanta da dama masu alaƙa. Binciken ya kuma haɗa da sharhin Sanskrit na Adi Sankara akan waɗannan rubuce-rubucen, wanda aka sani da Bhashya. Tare da waɗannan nazarin, ana koyar da harshen Sanskrit tare da tsarin nahawu na Panini. Gurukuls kuma suna gudanar da zaman tunani da satsangs na yau da kullun. Bugu da ƙari, ana koyar da yoga, kiɗan gargajiya na Indiya, ayurveda, jyotisha da sauran fannoni na ilimi. Swami Dayananda ya kafa wata cibiya a wurin haihuwarsa, Manjakkudi, wani ƙauye a Tamil Nadu, a ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar Swami Dayananda Educational Trust (SDET). Tana kula da kwalejin fasaha, manyan makarantun sakandare guda biyu da kuma Veda Patasala ta gargajiya. Da kaddamar da bikin tunawa da Swami Dayananda, almajiran Swami Dayananda ne ke gudanar da shirye-shiryen nazarin zama. <ref>{{Cite web |title=GuideStar India |url=https://guidestarindia.org/Summary.aspx?CCReg=9951}}</ref> An tsara Jnanapravaha, wata cibiyar karatu ta Vedanta, don mika gadon koyarwar Swami Dayananda Saraswati a wurin haihuwarsa da ke Manjakuddi . A wannan wurin ne ɗaliban Vedanta ke gano kayan karatu da albarkatun da ake buƙata don ƙara iliminsu a Advaita Vedanta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-10 |title=About Jnanapravaha - JÑĀNAPRAVĀHA - Vedanta Study Centre |url=https://jnanapravaha.in/about-jnanapravaha/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |language=en-US}}</ref> Cibiyoyin koyarwa da Swami Dayananda ya kafa suna gudanar da shirye-shirye ga jama'a don nazarin ilimin Vedanta . Akwai cibiyoyi sama da sittin a Indiya da kuma a duk faɗin duniya waɗanda ke ci gaba da bin al'adar koyarwar Vedantic a ƙarƙashin tutar " Arsha Vidya ". === Dalibai === Kafafen yaɗa labarai sun ambaci Narendra Modi, Firayim Ministan Indiya kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Rajinikanth a matsayin almajiran Swami Dayananda Saraswati. <ref name="huffpost.com">{{Cite web |date=2015-09-25 |title=Swami Dayananda - A Jewish Appreciation |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/swami-dayananda-a-jewish-_b_8194504 |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=HuffPost |language=en}}</ref> Fitattun almajiran sannyasi na Swami Dayananda sun haɗa da Swami Suddhananda Saraswati wanda ya gudanar da Swami Dayananda Ashram a Rishikesh. Saboda rashin lafiya, daga baya ya miƙa ragamar mulkin Ashram ga Swami Saksatkrtananda Saraswati, wanda ke aiki a matsayin shugaban a yanzu kuma babban acharya na ashram ɗin. Swami Viditatmananda Saraswati yana aiki a matsayin shugaba kuma babban acharya a Arsha Vidya Gurukulam a Saylorsburg, Pennsylvania. Swami Sadatmananda Saraswati yana aiki a matsayin shugaba kuma babban acharya a Arsha Vidya Gurukulam a Annaikatti, Coimbatore . Swamini Brahmaprakasananda shine shugaban Arsha Vijnana Gurukulam a [[Nagpur]]. Wasu daga cikin manyan almajiransa su ne Swami Paramarthananda, Swami Tattvavidananda, Swami Suddhabodhananda, Swami Brahmatmananda, Swami Tadatmananda, Swami Paramatmananda, Swami Nijananda, Swami Tadrupananda, Swamini Brahmalinananda, Swami Parinporyana da Swami Parinpooryana. Duk malamai daga al'adar Arsha Vidya suna ba da ilimin Advaita Vedanta a duk faɗin duniya ga masu neman ilimi kamar yadda Swami Dayananda Saraswati ya koyar. <ref name="Home {{!}} Arsha Vidya Sampradaya" /> Sauran ɗaliban sun haɗa da Anantanand Rambachan, farfesa a fannin addini a Kwalejin St. Olaf, Minnesota (Amurka), da kuma Vasudevacharya, wanda a da shi ne Dr. Michael Comans, tsohon mamba a Sashen Nazarin Indiya a Jami'ar Sydney. Radha (Carol Whitfield, Ph.D.) dalibin farko na Swami Dayananda ya taimaka wajen kafa Sandeepany West da Arsha Vidya Gurukulam a Saylorsburg Amurka, Arsha Kulam a California cibiyar koyar da Advaita Vedanta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Arsha Kulam |url=https://arshakulam.org/ |access-date=2023-12-02 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyi masu alaƙa, ayyuka, da tattaunawa == === Ƙungiyar Duk Indiya don Seva === Baya ga koyarwa, Swami Dayananda ya fara ayyukan agaji daban-daban. Ya kafa All India Movement for Seva (AIM for Seva) a shekarar 2000, da hangen nesa na sauya al'umma ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta hidima, don cike gibin da ke tsakanin birane da karkara, ta haka, ya ba wa kowane mutum damar bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaban ƙasar. An mayar da hankali kan ilimi mai tushen ƙima da kuma isa ga yaran karkarar Indiya ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta Chatralayams (Makarantun ɗalibai kyauta) da makarantu. Swamiji ya ba da shawarar kada a raba yaron da iyayensa a lokacin da yake makaranta, kuma da farko iyaye za su halarci makarantar har sai yaron ya ji daɗin zama a cikin muhallin da ba shi da gida. A shekarar 2002, wani babban aiki da ya shaida ci gaba a shekarar 2023, Swami Dayanandaji ne ya fara shi. "Swami Dayananda Krupa Home" da ke Sriperumbudur a Tamil Nadu, tana ba da magani da tallafi ga maza da yara waɗanda ke da jinkirin ci gaba har abada. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-08-30 |title=AIM for Seva Krupa Home |url=https://enabled.in/wp/aim-for-seva-krupa-home/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=enabled.in |language=en-US}}</ref> An ba ta matsayin shawara tare da ECOSOC (Majalisar Tattalin Arziki da Zamantakewa) daga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a shekarar 2005, <ref>{{Cite web |title=NGO Committee Recommends Six Organizations for Special Consultative Status with Economic and Social Council, Defers Two Applications |url=https://unis.unvienna.org/unis/en/pressrels/2005/ngo569.html |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=United Nations : Information Service Vienna |language=en}}</ref> wannan ƙungiya ta mai da hankali kan yi wa mutane hidima a yankunan karkara na Indiya, a fannonin ilimi da kiwon lafiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 December 2022 |title=From Silicon Valley to India's remotest tribal areas, AIM for Seva's work has impacted thousands - indica News |url=https://indicanews.com/2022/12/03/from-silicon-valley-to-indias-remotest-tribal-areas-aim-for-sevas-work-has-impacted-thousands/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Seva Begins in Your Heart and AIMS Brings Hope to a Rural Child {{!}} Indo American News |url=https://www.indoamerican-news.com/seva-begins-in-your-heart-and-aims-brings-hope-to-a-rural-child/ |access-date=2023-12-13}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Unravelling the life of a visionary |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/bengaluru/unravelling-life-visionary-2311197 |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> === Gyaran haikali, ayyuka da kuma ibada === Swami Dayananda ya ƙarfafa kiyaye tsoffin al'adu, ayyukan addini da na ruhaniya na Indiya waɗanda suka tsira daga shekaru aru-aru da dama amma suna fama a zamanin yau saboda rashin tallafi. Ya fara da Veda Patashalas (Cibiyoyin Koyo na Vedas) da dama don kiyaye Vedas da Agamas don hana su ɓacewa saboda rashin kayayyakin more rayuwa don ilmantarwa. Swami Dayananda ya naɗa masu oduvar guda 35 a tsoffin gidajen ibada na Siva kuma ya ba su izinin rera waƙar "Panniru Tirumurai", waƙoƙin da ke bayyana falsafar Saiva Siddhanta. Swami Dayananda ya taimaka wajen gina karusai biyar don Haikalin Sri Mahalingaswamy da ke Tiruvidaimarudur kusa da Kumbakonam a shekarar 2010 akan kuɗin sama da rupees crore biyar kuma ya samar da kuɗi don bikin karusai na shekara-shekara. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Revival of an ancient Temple Tradition |url=http://www.templenet.com/Articles/chariot_revival.html |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=www.templenet.com}}</ref> Swami Dayananda Saraswati ya shigar da ƙarar da aka rubuta (WP 476/2012) a gaban Kotun Koli ta Indiya yana ƙalubalantar ingancin kundin tsarin mulki na tanade-tanaden dokoki da ƙa'idojin Addinin Hindu na Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh da Pondicherry. Wannan shari'ar tana nan a gaban Kotun Koli. Ya goyi bayan Dr. Subramanian Swamy don kare Ram Sethu da kuma kare shi lokacin da Gwamnatin Tarayyar Turai ke son ƙirƙirar hanyar karya ta. Ya taimaka wa Dr. Subramanian Swamy wajen gurfanar da shi a gaban kuliya a shari'ar Chidambaram Temple Case a shekarar 2009. Duk da cewa Podu Dikshitars da Dr. Subramanian Swamy sun sha kaye a shari'ar da aka yi a gidan ibadar Chidambaram a gaban babban kotun Madras, kotun koli ta amince da daukaka karar da suka shigar, wadda ta yanke hukunci a ranar 06 ga Janairu, 2014, inda ta kori gwamnati daga gidan ibadar Chidambaram Sri Natarajar, ta hanyar soke hukunce-hukuncen da kotun koli ta Madras ta yanke. Hukuncin Kotun Koli a Shari'ar Haikalin Chidambaram ya zo ne a matsayin wani ƙarin taimako ga dawo da gidajen ibada na Hindu daga ikon Gwamnati. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Matattun 2015]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1930]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1y5qci3wyzd16lbljusviuaqjzx2rf4 0 176941 961750 958353 2026-10-02T06:55:14Z BnHamid 12586 Sanya manazarta 961750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:DUBLIN(1837)_p049_THE_COLLEGE_OF_SURGEONS.jpg|thumb| Kwalejin Likitocin Fiɗa, Dublin (1837) ]] '''John Whiteway''' ( {{Circa|1722}} - 25 ga Mayu 1797) likitan tiyata ne [[Dublin|na Dublin]] wanda shine shugaban Kwalejin Sarauta ta Likitoci a Ireland (RCSI) na biyu a 1786.<ref name=":RCSI">[http://www.rcsi.ie/files/NOCA/20150413095216_RCSI%20Presidents%20Feb%202015.pdf RCSI Presidents since its foundation in 1784.] Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2018.</ref> Wani dangin Whiteway, Jonathan Swift, Dean na St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, ya biya kuɗin karatun Whiteway a matsayin likitan tiyata, kuma Cameron ya lura cewa Whiteway ta yi wa Swift gwajin gawarwakin. An naɗa shi likitan tiyata mai ziyara zuwa Asibitin St Patrick, Dublin, da kuma likitan da ke ziyara zuwa Asibitin Dr Steevens . Ya kuma yi aikin tiyata a Asibitin Cututtukan Mata da Maza da ke kan titin North King. Kamaru ta lura cewa wurin aikin sa yana da girma, kuma ana ɗaukarsa ƙwararren likitan tiyata, kuma yawanci yana amfani da tiyatar yanke ƙafa a wurin yanke ƙafa. Whiteway tana ɗaya daga cikin likitoci 49 da masu kula da lafiyar jijiyoyi waɗanda suka bayyana goyon bayansu ga jama'a don gina bandakin jama'a a Dublin a watan Mayu na 1771 kuma suka naɗa Achmet Borumborad a matsayin mutum mai ƙwarewa don aiwatar da irin wannan shirin.<ref name = FJc>{{Cite news |date=1771-05-04|title=The Approbation of the Physicians...|newspaper=[[Freeman's Journal]]|language=en|pages=3}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8c37r95lbrzleb8tg3mra0w2ffto1w6 0 176944 961748 956176 2026-10-02T06:54:03Z BnHamid 12586 961748 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Zenana Mahal''' wanda aka fi sani da Zenana Enclosure wani fadar sarauta ce da ke cikin birnin [[Hampi (birni)|Hampi]], wanda shine babban birnin Daular Vijayanagara . == Tarihi da gine-gine == An gina fadar ne ga matan matan matan harem wanda aka sani da zenana ko anthapura). Ya tsaya a kan wani fili mai ɓoye, kuma ya ƙunshi fadar sarauta ta mata. Yana da wuraren jin daɗi, ɗakuna don masu tsaron mata, hasumiyoyin tsaro, da ɗakunan giwa. Yana cikin kudu maso gabas shine ''[[Lotus Mahal|Kamala Mahal]]'' lit.Lotus Palace, wanda shine gidan manyan sarauniya, waɗanda aka sani da taken ''Patta Mahishi'' . Akwai tanki mai zurfi wanda aka yi amfani da shi don samar da ruwa ga fadar. A gaban fadar akwai ragowar gidan ruwa, kuma akwai hasumiyoyin tsaro guda uku a kudu maso gabas, arewa maso gabas da arewa maso yamma inda sojoji ke tsaron yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zenena Enclosure |url=https://hampi.in/zenena-enclosure |access-date=2026-05-21 |language=en}}</ref> Babban ɗakin ruwa a waje da ɗakin sarauniya yana cikin kusurwar kudu maso gabas. Ko da yake ana kiransa Bath na Sarauniya, mai yiwuwa an yi shi ne don maza da abokansu mata. Akwai balconies tare da windows masu tsayi da ke kallon tafkin. == Hotuna== <gallery> File:Map of Zanana Enclosure.jpg|Map of Zanana Enclosure File:Treasury Building, Zanana enclosure.jpg|Treasury Building, Zanana enclosure File:Door of Basement of queen's palace.jpg|Door to the Zanana Enclosure File:A watch tower inside Lotus Mahal complex.jpg|A watchtower inside the complex </gallery> == Dubi kuma == == Manazarta == 8nzsbkoyvkxkll9ng794m6go4xo4kbd 0 177196 961641 957767 2026-10-02T01:29:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''El-Farouk Khaki''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 1963 a [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]]) lauya ne na shige da fice na Kanada kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam a kan batutuwan da suka hada da [[Daidaiton jinsi|daidaito tsakanin jinsi]], Jima'i, da kuma Islama mai ci gaba. Ya kasance dan takarar New Democratic Party na House of Commons a cikin hawa na Toronto Center a cikin zaben 17 ga Maris, 2008. Khaki ya zo na biyu tare da kashi 13.8% na kuri'un. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haife shi a [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], wanda iyalinsa suka tsere a 1971 don tserewa daga tsanantawa ta siyasa. Iyayensa sun isa Kanada a shekara ta 1974 kuma sun zauna a [[Vancouver]] inda Khaki ya girma. Ya sami digiri na shari'a daga Jami'ar British Columbia kafin ya koma [[Ottawa]] a 1988 <ref name="patch" /> kuma ya zauna ya yi aiki a [[Toronto]] tun 1989. Ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin siyasa a Queen's Park har zuwa 1993 lokacin da ya bar ya kafa aikin lauya.<ref name="StarMar24" /> Khaki memba ne na Law Society of Upper Canada kuma yana aiki ne tun 1993. A ranar 26 ga Yuni, 2014, ya auri abokin aikinsa na dogon lokaci Troy Jackson . == Yunkurin fafutuka == Khaki ya kafa ''Salaam'' a cikin 1991, ƙungiyar tallafi ga Musulmai masu luwadi. A shekara ta 2003, ya taimaka wajen shirya addu'o'in majami'ar Musulmi na farko da mata suka jagoranta a Kanada don Taron Kasa da Kasa na Salaam / Al-Fateha, kuma a shekara ta 2005, ya shirya irin wannan addu'o-tallace na farko a ko'ina da za a gudanar a masallaci.[1][2][3] Ya yi aiki a Kwamitin Magajin garin Toronto kan Al'umma da Dangantaka, a kan kwamitin Cibiyar Al'umma ta 519, kuma yanzu an zabe shi shugaban 'yan Afirka a cikin Hadin gwiwar Daidaita kan cutar kanjamau.[4] Khaki a kai a kai yana magana a bainar jama'a a abubuwan da suka faru da kuma kafofin watsa labarai kan batutuwan da suka fara daga kariya ga [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]], zuwa rikicin [[Kanjamau|Cutar kanjamau]] na duniya, wariyar launin fata, <ref name="Star9544" /> tsananta wa' yan tsiraru na jima'i a duniya, da kuma bayanin addini da launin fata a yakin da ta'addanci, da sauran batutuwa. Ya bayyana a shirin talabijin na safe na CTV ''Kanada AM'', CBC Radio One's The Current, da sauransu. A ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 2007, Khaki ya lashe zaben New Democratic Party a Cibiyar Toronto . Mai mulki Bill Graham ya yi murabus wanda ya bukaci zaben da aka gudanar a ranar 17 ga Maris, 2008. Bob Rae ne ya lashe zaben. Khaki ya kasance babban marshal na fareti na 2009 don fareti na girman kai na [[Toronto]]. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2009, Laury Silvers, masanin ilimin addini na Jami'ar Toronto, ya kafa Masallacin Unity / el-Tawhid Juma Circle, tare da masu fafutukar kare hakkin gay Musulmi Imam El-Farouk Khaki da Troy Jackson. Masallacin Unity / ETC masallaci ne na daidaito tsakanin jinsi, LGBT + tabbatarwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=El-tawhid juma circle |url=http://www.jumacircle.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170419195623/http://www.jumacircle.com/ |archive-date=19 April 2017 |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref> A cikin 2016, mujallar The Advocate ta sanya wa Khaki suna zuwa jerin sunayen "Musulmai LGBT 21 da ke canza duniya".<ref name="Ogles">{{Cite web |last=Jacob Ogles |date=2016-12-20 |title=21 LGBT Muslims Who Are Changing the World |url=http://www.advocate.com/religion/2016/12/20/21-lgbt-muslims-who-are-changing-world |access-date=20 December 2016 |website=The Advocate}}</ref>A cikin 2018, El-Farouk ta shiga cikin jawabin TEDxUTSC game da haɗuwa da ingancin Musulmai masu luwadi [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bXydVaieYdo] === Dokar 'yan gudun hijira === A shekara ta 1994, Khaki ya wakilci da'awar 'yan gudun hijira a gaban Hukumar Shige da Fice ta Kanada wanda ya dauki zaman takwas maimakon zaman da aka saba da shi kuma ya haifar da aiwatar da horo mai hankali ga membobin IRB da ma'aikata kan batutuwan jima'i. Khaki ya ci gaba da ƙwarewa wajen wakiltar ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa iri-iri a gaban IRB, kamar mutanen da ke zaune tare da cutar HIV / AIDS da mata da ke tserewa daga tashin hankali na gida ko wasu tsanantawa na jinsi. === Cigaban musulinci === Khaki ya kafa Salaam, kungiyar Musulmi ta farko a Kanada kuma ta biyu a duniya, a 1993, kuma ta shirya taron kasa da kasa na Salaam / Al-Fateha a 2003. Ya kafa kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Musulmi ta Kanada, a watan Agustan 2006 har sai kungiyar ta rabu. Khaki da sauran mambobi ciki har da yawancin jagorancin MCC sun kirkiro sabuwar kungiya, Ƙungiyar Musulmi ta Kanada (CMU). Ya kuma kafa, tare da masanin kimiyya Laury Silvers, da abokin aikinsa Troy Jackson El-Tawhid Juma Circle . ETJC daidai ne da jinsi, sararin LGBTQ don tabbatar da addu'o'in Jumma'a. === Isra'ila === A ranar 23 ga Mayu, 2009, Khaki ya yi maganganun buɗewa a wani taron Queers Against Israeli Apartheid don "sake farfado da al'ummar Toronto a cikin yaki da wariyar launin fata". Ba da daɗewa ba, B'nai Brith ya yi Allah wadai da shi kuma ya nuna cewa shi "wani bangare ne na kayan aikin adawa da Isra'ila wanda ke ci gaba da fitar da farfaganda mai ƙiyayya da rarrabuwa". Mataimakin shugaban zartarwa na B'nai Brith Frank Dimant ya ce ya kamata Khaki ya kasance ƙarƙashin "aikin horo" daga Pride Toronto.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-06-16 |title=The unravelling of Pride Toronto |url=https://www.dailyxtra.com/the-unravelling-of-pride-toronto-10034 |access-date=2019-09-14 |website=Xtra}}</ref> A shekara ta 2009, Human+ Float ya sami lambar yabo ta Best Embodiment na lambar yabo ta LGBTTIQ2S daga Pride Toronto . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Actually |first=Muslims |title=El Farouk Khaki – Creating Inclusion For All |url=https://muslimlink.ca/stories/el-farouk-khaki |access-date=2019-09-24 |website=muslimlink.ca |language=en-gb |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924095754/https://muslimlink.ca/stories/el-farouk-khaki |archive-date=2019-09-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref>{{2008 Canadian federal by-elections/Toronto Centre}} == Kafofin yada labarai sun ambaci == [http://www.advocate.com/religion/2016/12/20/21-lgbt-muslims-who-are-changing-world "Musulmai LGBT 21 da ke canza duniya. "]''Mai ba da shawara''. 20 ga Disamba, 2016. Yanar gizo.<ref name="Ogles" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] p7w513ta937b8usitd5c0e8f3ka9a76 0 177362 961406 958696 2026-10-01T13:45:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961406 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mutane masu launi''' ( Afrikaans ) mutane ne masu launin fata daban-daban a [[Afirka ta Kudu]], [[Namibiya|Namibia]], [[Botswana]] da kuma ƙaramin yanki [[Zimbabwe|na Zimbabwe]] da [[Zambiya|Zambia]] . Zuri'arsu ta samo asali ne daga gaurayar kabilu daban-daban da ta faru tsakanin Turawa, 'yan Afirka da kuma 'yan Asiya. Cakuda tsakanin kabilu daban-daban a Afirka ta Kudu ta fara ne a ƙarni na 17 a yankin Cape Colony na ƙasar Holland inda mazauna ƙasar Holland suka haɗu da mata [[Khoekhoe|Khoi Khoi]] da bayi mata daga sassa daban-daban na Afirka da Asiya, inda suka samar da yara masu launin fata daban-daban. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coloured Communities of Southern Africa, a story |url=https://aaregistry.org/story/the-coloured-communities-of-southern-africa-a-story/ |access-date=2025-08-22 |website=African American Registry |language=en}}</ref> Daga ƙarshe, gaurayawan launin fata ya faru a duk faɗin Afirka ta Kudu da sauran [[Kudancin Afirka]] tare da wasu 'yan ƙasar Turai daban-daban (kamar Portugal, Birtaniya, Jamusawa, Irish, Faransawa da sauransu) waɗanda suka haɗu da sauran ƙabilun Afirka, wanda ya haifar da ƙarin mutanen da suka haɗa da launin fata daban-daban waɗanda daga baya aka sanya zuriyarsu a matsayin 'Masu Launi' a ƙarƙashin Dokar Rijistar Jama'a, 1950 a lokacin Wariyar Launin Fata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Coloured Communities of Southern Africa, a story |url=https://aaregistry.org/story/the-coloured-communities-of-southern-africa-a-story/#:~:text=In%20KwaZulu-Natal%2C%20the%20Coloured%20possess%20a%20diverse%20heritage%2C,British%20and%20Afrikaner%20colonizers%2C%20and%20Arabs%20and%20Asians |website=African American Registry}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=coloured |url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/coloured?q=coloured |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309100643/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/coloured?q=coloured |archive-date=March 9, 2014 |access-date=14 April 2014 |website=Oxford Dictionaries |publisher=Oxford University}}</ref> <ref name="Posel2001">{{Cite journal |last=Posel |first=Deborah |year=2001 |title=What's in a name? Racial categorisations under apartheid and their afterlife |url=http://www.transformation.und.ac.za/issue%2047/47%20posel1.pdf |journal=Transformation |pages=50–74 |issn=0258-7696 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061108101109/http://www.transformation.und.ac.za/issue%2047/47%20posel1.pdf |archive-date=2006-11-08}}</ref> Yawancin mutanen da ke da launi suna samuwa a Yammacin Cape, amma suna da yawa a duk faɗin ƙasar. Dangane da Ƙididdigar Afirka ta Kudu ta 2022, Coloureds suna wakiltar 8.15% na mutane a cikin Afirka ta Kudu, yayin da suka kai 42.1% na yawan jama'a a Yammacin Cape da 41.6% a Arewacin Cape, suna wakiltar yawancin jama'a cikin waɗannan larduna biyu na Afirka ta Kudu.<ref name="census.statssa.gov.za">{{Cite web |title=Census 2022 Statistical Release |url=https://census.statssa.gov.za/assets/documents/2022/P03014_Census_2022_Statistical_Release.pdf |website=census.statssa.gov.za |publisher=Statistics South Africa}}</ref> A Yammacin Cape, wani nau'i na musamman na ''Cape Coloured'' da ke da alaƙa da al'adun Cape Malay ya ci gaba. Nazarin kwayoyin halitta ya nuna cewa kungiyar tana da mafi girman matakan kakanninmu a duniya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=de Wit |first=Erika |last2=Delport |first2=Wayne |last3=Rugamika |first3=Chimusa E. |last4=Meintjes |first4=Ayton |last5=Möller |first5=Marlo |last6=van Helden |first6=Paul D. |last7=Seoighe |first7=Cathal |last8=Hoal |first8=Eileen G. |date=2010-08-01 |title=Genome-wide analysis of the structure of the South African Coloured Population in the Western Cape |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-010-0836-1 |journal=Human Genetics |language=en |volume=128 |issue=2 |pages=145–153 |doi=10.1007/s00439-010-0836-1 |issn=1432-1203 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Tarihin kakanninmu == === Afirka ta Kudu === An san Afirka ta Kudu a matsayin 'al'umma mai laushi' saboda al'adu daban-daban, kabilun, kabilanci, addinai da ƙasashe.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 January 2017 |title=What's in a Name? The Story Behind the Rainbow Nation {{pipe}} Henri Steenkamp |url=https://henristeenkamp.org/whats-in-a-name-the-story-behind-the-rainbow-nation/}}</ref> Mutanen da ke da launi kamar yadda aka sani a yau sakamakon bambancin kakanninmu ne, yankuna, harsuna, da kabilun.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Neethling |first=Bertie |year=2020 |title=The so-called Coloured people of South Africa: Modern anthroponymic reconstruction? |url=https://onomajournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Onoma-55-1.12-Neethling-final-web-August.pdf |journal=Onoma |volume=55 |pages=229–246 |doi=10.34158/ONOMA.55/2020/13}}</ref> ==== Yankin Cape na Dutch / Yankin Cape ==== Mataki na farko da mafi girma na auren launin fata / gaurayewa a Afirka ta Kudu ya faru ne a cikin Dutch Cape Colony da sauran Cape Colony wanda ya fara daga karni na 17, jim kadan bayan isowar mazauna Dutch, waɗanda Jan van Riebeeck ya jagoranta, ta hanyar Kamfanin Dutch East India (wanda aka fi sani da 'VOC'). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cape Melting Pot the Role and Status of the Mixed Population at the Cape 1652-1795 |url=https://docslib.org/doc/7111625/cape-melting-pot-the-role-and-status-of-the-mixed-population-at-the-cape-1652-1795}}</ref> Lokacin da Dutch suka zauna a Cape a cikin 1652, sun sadu da [[Khoekhoe|Khoi Khoi]] waɗanda 'yan asalin yankin ne.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who are the Cape Coloureds of South Africa? |url=https://www.discovermagazine.com/mind/who-are-the-cape-coloureds-of-south-africa}}</ref> Bayan sun zauna a Cape, Dutch sun kafa gonaki waɗanda ke buƙatar aiki mai zurfi, saboda haka, sun tilasta [[Bauta a Afirka ta Kudu|bautar a Cape]]. Wasu daga cikin [[Khoekhoe|Khoi Khoi]] sun zama ma'aikata ga manoman Dutch a Cape. Duk da haka, akwai juriya daga Khoi Khoi, wanda ya haifar da Yaƙe-yaƙe na Khoikhoi-Dutch.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2023 |title=How Indigenous South Africans Resisted the First European Intruders |url=https://www.africarebirth.com/how-indigenous-south-africans-resisted-the-first-european-intruders/}}</ref> A sakamakon haka, Dutch sun shigo da bayi daga wasu sassan duniya, musamman Mutanen Malay daga Indonesia ta yanzu da [[Mutanen Bantu]] daga sassa daban-daban na [[Kudancin Afirka]].<ref name="The Early Cape Slave Trade {{pipe}} S">{{Cite web |title=The Early Cape Slave Trade {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/early-cape-slave-trade}}</ref> An kuma shigo da bayi daga Malaysia, Indiya, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh (wanda aka fi sani da 'Bengal'), Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Madagascar, Mauritius da sauran Afirka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Groenewald |first=Gerald |date=2010 |title=Slaves and Free Blacks in VOC Cape Town, 1652–1795 |url=https://www.academia.edu/8018427 |journal=History Compass |volume=8 |issue=9 |pages=964–983 |doi=10.1111/J.1478-0542.2010.00724.X}}</ref><ref name="CAMISSA HERITAGE - Origin and Histo">{{Cite web |last=Skies |first=Infinite |date=10 March 2019 |title=CAMISSA HERITAGE - Origin and History of South African Cape Coloured People |url=https://www.academia.edu/38523613}}</ref> Saboda wannan, Cape tana da yawan bayi daban-daban a duniya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Groenewald |first=Gerald |date=2010 |title=Slaves and Free Blacks in VOC Cape Town, 1652–1795 |url=https://www.academia.edu/8018427 |journal=History Compass |volume=8 |issue=9 |pages=964–983 |doi=10.1111/J.1478-0542.2010.00724.X}}</ref> An ba wa bayi kusan sunayen Kirista amma an nuna wuraren da suka fito a cikin bayanan tallace-tallace da sauran takardu, don haka yana yiwuwa a kiyasta rabo na bayi daga yankuna daban-daban.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The First Slaves at the Cape {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/first-slaves-cape}}</ref> Yawancin lokaci, ana ba wa bayi sunayen iyayensu, sunayen da ke nufin haruffa a cikin Littafi Mai-Tsarki (misali Adams, Jephta, Thomas, Esau, Solomons, Jacobs, Matthews, Peters, Daniels), sunayen da suka nuna watan da suka isa Cape (misali Satumba, Maris / Maart, Janairu, Janairu / Janairu, Afrilu), sunayen waɗanda ke nufin tarihin Girkanci da Roman (misali Cupido, Titus, Hannibal) ko sunayen da Madagascar daga yankin da suka fito daga yankin 'Bali' daga yankin Madagascar<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Groenewald |first=Gerald |date=2010 |title=Slaves and Free Blacks in VOC Cape Town, 1652–1795 |url=https://www.academia.edu/8018427 |journal=History Compass |volume=8 |issue=9 |pages=964–983 |doi=10.1111/J.1478-0542.2010.00724.X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The slave experience – Slavery in South Africa |url=https://slavery.iziko.org.za/slaveexperience/#:~:text=Examples%20of%20such%20names%20are%3A%20Fortuijn%20%28English%20%3D,surnames%20such%20as%20January%2C%20February%2C%20September%20o}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=6 April 2024 |title=I'm Not Black, I'm Coloured - South Africa (2009) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7bPuGewLPUE |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> Wadannan bayi, duk da haka, sun warwatse kuma sun rasa asalin al'adunsu a tsawon lokaci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of slavery and early colonisation in South Africa {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/history-slavery-and-early-colonisation-south-africa}}</ref> Ko da a farkon shekarun mulkin mallaka, yankin da aka fi sani da 'Cape Town', ya sami sha'awar kasa da kasa saboda cikakkiyar hanyar kasuwanci ce tsakanin Turai da Asiya, wanda ya sanya Cape Town muhimmiyar tashar kasuwanci.<ref name="historyrise.com">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2025 |title=The Arrival of the Dutch: VOC, Cape Colony, and Early Settlers |url=https://historyrise.com/the-arrival-of-the-dutch-voc-cape-colony-and-the-early-settler-era/ |website=History Rise}}</ref> Wannan shine babban dalilin da ya sa Dutch suka mallaki Cape don VOC ta iya sarrafawa da amfana daga Hanyar Cape-Sea. Wannan kuma shine babban dalilin da ya sa Dutch Cape Colony (musamman a Cape Town) ya zama tukunyar narkewar mutane waɗanda suka zo daga sassa daban-daban na duniya kuma wannan tukunyar mai narkewa har yanzu tana nan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cape Melting Pot the Role and Status of the Mixed Population at the Cape 1652-1795 |url=https://docslib.org/doc/7111625/cape-melting-pot-the-role-and-status-of-the-mixed-population-at-the-cape-1652-1795}}</ref> Yawancin mutanen Turai na farko da suka zauna a Cape maza ne saboda galibi 'yan kasuwa ne, ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa, sojoji, masu bincike, manoma da 'yan siyasa waɗanda ba su kawo iyalansu tare da su ba; sabili da haka, sun kirkiro sabbin iyalai a Cape.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cape Melting Pot the Role and Status of the Mixed Population at the Cape 1652-1795 |url=https://docslib.org/doc/7111625/cape-melting-pot-the-role-and-status-of-the-mixed-population-at-the-cape-1652-1795}}</ref> Saboda yawancin mazauna Dutch a Cape maza ne, da yawa daga cikinsu sun yi aure kuma sun haifi rukuni na farko na yara masu launin fata tare da matan Khoi Khoi na gida.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cape Melting Pot the Role and Status of the Mixed Population at the Cape 1652-1795 |url=https://docslib.org/doc/7111625/cape-melting-pot-the-role-and-status-of-the-mixed-population-at-the-cape-1652-1795}}</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba bayan isowar bayi, mutanen Holland sun yi aure kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya masu launin fata tare da Malay daga Indonesia, Bantu na Kudancin Afirka, Indiyawa da sauran kabilun bayi a Cape.<ref name="study.com">{{Cite web |last=Evans |first=Amy C. |title=Cape Coloureds - Origins, Culture & Families |url=https://study.com/academy/lesson/cape-coloureds-origins-culture.html?msockid=31e14f9a4e30671f2e725b284f306666 |url-access=registration |website=study.com}}</ref> Har zuwa wani mataki, bayi a Cape suna da ƙungiyoyin launin fata tare da juna kuma an haifi yara masu launin fata daga waɗannan ƙungiyoyi saboda bayi sun kasance na kabilu daban-daban (Afirka da Asiya). <ref name="History of Camissa People">{{Cite web |date=21 June 2019 |title=History of Camissa People |url=https://camissapeople.wordpress.com/history-of-camissa-people/}}</ref> Wasu daga cikin wadannan bayi sun haɗu da ma'aikatan Khoi Khoi na gida kuma an haifi wasu nau'ikan yara tare da al'adu daban-daban.<ref name="History of Camissa People" /> Ba kamar mulkin One-drop a Amurka ba, mazauna Dutch a Cape ba su kalli yara masu launin fata a matsayin "fararen da ya isa ya zama fari", "baƙar fata don zama baƙar fata" ko "Asian da ya isa zama Asiya", sabili da haka, yara masu launin fatar da aka ba su daga duk waɗannan ƙungiyoyin launin fata a Cape sun girma, sun haɗu kuma sun yi aure tsakanin kansu, sun kafa al'ummarsu ta Creole wanda daga baya za a san shi da "Cape Coloured" (kalin da mulkin wariyar launin fata ya ba su a lokacin karni na 20).<ref name="aaregistry.org">{{Cite web |title=The Coloured Communities of Southern Africa, a story |url=https://aaregistry.org/story/the-coloured-communities-of-southern-africa-a-story/}}</ref> [[File:Krotoa.webp|thumb|Krotoa, wata mace ta Khoi Khoi wacce ita ce 'yar asalin Afirka ta Kudu ta farko da ta yi aure tsakanin launin fata]] Aure na farko tsakanin launin fata a Cape ya kasance tsakanin Krotoa (mace Khoi Khoi wacce ta kasance bawa, mai fassara kuma mai tattaunawa mai mahimmanci tsakanin Dutch da Khoi Khui. Sunan Dutch dinta shine "Eva Van Meerhof") da [[Peter Havgard]] (wani likitan Danish wanda Dutch ya sake masa suna "Pieter Van Meerhof <ref>{{Cite web |title=Krotoa (Eva) {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/krotoa-eva}}</ref>). Bayan ta haifi 'ya'ya uku masu launin fata, an kuma san Krotoa a matsayin mahaifiyar da ta haifi al'ummar masu launi a Afirka ta Kudu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Love in the time of imperialism: Krotoa 'Eva' van Meerhof {{pipe}} University of Cape Town |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/apc/love-time-imperialism-krotoa-eva-van-meerhof}}</ref> A ƙarshe, yawancin mutanen Holland sun zauna a Cape har sai Cape ta fada ƙarƙashin mulkin Burtaniya a farkon karni na 19. <ref name="historyrise.com" /> Daga cikinsu akwai dangin Van Wijk (waɗanda zuriyarsu ta zama 'Van Wyk') waɗanda suka isa Cape a cikin 1686 da dangin Erasmus waɗanda suka isa a cikin 1689.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Dutch Settlement {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://sahistory.org.za/article/dutch-settlement}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=History of candlewoods country estate |url=https://www.candlewoodsvenue.co.za/images/CandlewoodsHistory.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250126093339/https://www.candlewoodsvenue.co.za/images/CandlewoodsHistory.pdf |archive-date=2025-01-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 April 2007 |title=Van Wyk Family: History of the van Wyk Family Name |url=https://familyvanwyk.blogspot.com/2007/04/history-of-van-wyk-family-name.html}}</ref> Zuwan karin mutanen Holland a Cape ya haifar da daukar ma'aikatan Khoi Khoi da shigo da karin bayi daga sassa daban-daban na Asiya da Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Worden |first=Nigel |last2=Malan |first2=Antonia |date=19 January 2017 |title=17 Constructing and Contesting Histories of Slavery at the Cape, South Africa |url=https://www.academia.edu/30997994}}</ref> Daga tsakiyar karni na 17 har zuwa karni na 19 da karni na 20, duk sunayen mahaifiyar Dutch a yankin Cape da sauran Afirka ta Kudu sun samo asali ne a cikin sunayen mahaifi na Afrikaans waɗanda sune sunayen mahaifi da aka fi sani da su tsakanin White South Africans da Coloured South Africants misali Van Niekerk, Strydom (daga 'Strijdom'), De Waal, Pietersen, Van Rooyen, Van Tonder, Han, Steenhuisen, De Jongh (daga De Jong), Van Wuts, Van Wemo, Der Der Der Der Pi Piizen, Men Men Men Men, Men Menk, Men Men, Wisk, Men, Men, Wist, Wisker, Wisk Huguenots (wanda aka fi sani da 'Huguenots na Faransa') Furotesta ne na Faransa waɗanda suka tsere wa fitarwa da tsanantawa na Furotesta a Faransa. Da yawa daga cikinsu sun yi hijira zuwa Dutch Cape Colony don neman mafaka tsakanin al'ummar Dutch da ke akwai a ƙarshen 1600s da farkon 1700s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Huguenot History |url=https://huguenotsociety.org.za/history-of-the-huguenots/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=History of the Huguenot Society of South Africa |url=https://huguenotsociety.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/HUGUENOT_SOCIETY-SA_History.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626103915/https://huguenotsociety.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/HUGUENOT_SOCIETY-SA_History.pdf |archive-date=2022-06-26}}</ref> Duk da kasancewa 'yan gudun hijira, sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin [[Afrikaans|Al'ummar da ke magana da harshen Afrikaans]] na yanzu, yankin Cape gaba ɗaya da sauran Afirka ta Kudu. Da yake fitowa daga kasar da ke da tarihin samar da ruwan inabi, waɗannan 'Yan gudun hijirar Faransa sun fara gonakin inabi na Cape Winelands, suna juya shi cikin ɗayan manyan masu samar da ruwan sha a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The French Huguenots - Franschhoek, South Africa |url=https://southafrica.co.za/french-huguenots.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 August 2023 |title=Ranked: World's Biggest Wine Producers by Country |url=https://www.visualcapitalist.com/cp/biggest-wine-producers-by-country/}}</ref> Garin Franschhoek (wanda ke nufin "kusurwar Faransanci" a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland da Afrikaans) a cikin Yammacin Cape na yanzu, an sanya masa suna a matsayin mafaka inda VOC ta ba da Huguenots da yawa. An kuma sanya Huguenots da yawa zuwa Stellenbosch, Paarl da sauran Cape Winelands saboda wannan cikakkiyar yanayi ce (dangane da yanayi da ƙasa mai kyau) don su dasa gonakin inabi da samar da ruwan inabi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=De Bruin |first=Karen |date=2021 |title=From Viticulture to Commemoration: French Huguenot Memory in the Cape Colony (1688-1824) |url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/w/wsfh/0642292.0047.007/--from-viticulture-to-commemoration-french-huguenot-memory?rgn=main;view=fulltext |website=Journal of the Western Society for French History}}</ref> Kodayake yawancin Huguenots, waɗanda suka isa Cape, sun riga sun yi aure, ba da daɗewa ba 'ya'yansu da zuriyarsu suka shiga cikin al'ummar Cape kuma bayan 'yan tsararraki, sun yi magana da Yaren mutanen Holland, ba [[Faransanci]] ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The first large group of French Huguenots arrive at the Cape {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/first-large-group-french-huguenots-arrive-cape}}</ref> Kamar yawancin masu magana da White-Afrikaans, yawancin masu magana na Coloured-Afrikaans (musamman waɗanda suka fito daga Yammacin Cape na yanzu, Gabashin Cape da Arewacin Cape) suma suna da wasu kakanninmu daga Faransa saboda Huguenots waɗanda suka haɗu da Dutch da sauran kabilun a yankin Cape.<ref name="ReferenceB">{{Cite journal |last=Romero |first=Patricia |date=2004-01-01 |title=Encounter at the Cape: French Huguenots, the Khoi and Other People of Color |url=https://www.academia.edu/109760433 |journal=Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History |doi=10.1353/CCH.2004.0038}}</ref> Masu magana da White-Afrikaans da masu magana da Coloured-Afrikaans waɗanda musamman suka samo asali ne daga yankin Cape Winelands (musamman daga yankin Franschhoek, yankin Stellenbosch da yankin Paarl) na iya samun karin kakannin Faransanci saboda wannan shine inda yawancin Huguenots a cikin Cape Colony inda aka ware su don manufar yin ruwan inabi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=HOME - The Huguenot Society of South Africa |url=https://huguenotsociety.org.za/ |access-date=2026-05-14 |website=huguenotsociety.org.za}}</ref> Ta hanyar tasirin Huguenots a Cape, sunayen Faransanci sun zama sanannun a cikin al'ummar Afrikaans (duka White da Coloured) misali Jacques, Cheryl, Elaine, André, Michelle, Louis, Chantel / Chantelle, Leon, François, Jaden, Rozanne, Leroy, Monique, René, Lionel . <ref name="ReferenceB" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 1,000 French Names (Male and Female) |url=https://listophile.com/names/nationality/french/ |access-date=2025-08-22 |website=Listophile |language=en-US}}</ref> Saboda hadewa tare da Dutch da sauran kabilun da ke Cape, sunayen mahaifiyar Afrikaans da Ruwa sun fito ne daga asalin Faransanci misali Delport, Nel, Du Preez, Le Roux, [[Cilliers]]" id="mwATc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="De Villiers">De Villiers, Joubert, Marais, Du Plessis, Visagie, [[Minnaar]]" id="mwATw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pienaar">Pienaar, De Klerk (daga 'Le Clerc'), Fourie, Theron, Cronje, Viljoen (daga 'Villion'), Du Toit, [[Reyneke]], Malan, Naude, Terblanche, De Lief, Fouche, Minna, Crief, Montna, Crów.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Huguenot surnames which exist in South Africa |url=https://www.oocities.org/hugenoteblad/surname.htm?202523}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 1600 da 1700, Jamus ita ce babbar abokin ciniki ta Netherlands a Turai kuma saboda kyakkyawar dangantaka, VOC ta dauki sama da Jamusawa 100 000 da ke sa Jamusawa su zama manyan 'yan kasashen waje na Turai a daular Dutch.<ref name="ghil.hypotheses.org">{{Cite web |last=Olga Witmer |date=2020-09-15 |title=Germans, the Dutch East India Company, and Early Colonial South Africa |url=https://ghil.hypotheses.org/23 |website=German Historical Institute London Blog |doi=10.58079/P1PG |doi-access=free}}</ref> A duk lokacin mulkin Holland, VOC ta aika da kusan 15 000 Jamusawa zuwa Dutch Cape Colony don yin aiki a matsayin jami'ai, ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa, masu gudanarwa da sojoji.<ref name="ghil.hypotheses.org" /> Kamar Huguenots na Faransa, Jamusawa a cikin Dutch Cape Colony suma an haɗa su cikin al'ummar Dutch da ke akwai kuma sun koyi Yaren mutanen Holland wanda ya maye gurbin [[Jamusanci]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Personalia of the Germans at the Cape, 1652-1806 |url=https://www.cdbooks-r-us.com/supportdocs/personaliapreface.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160705162203/http://www.cdbooks-r-us.com:80/supportdocs/personaliapreface.pdf |archive-date=2016-07-05}}</ref> Daga ƙarshe, Jamusawa a Cape sun zama manoma, malamai, 'yan kasuwa da ministoci.<ref name="ghil.hypotheses.org" /> Kusan dukkanin Jamusawa da suka zauna a Cape a duk lokacin mulkin Dutch maza ne sabili da haka, kusan dukkanin maza na Jamus a Cape sun auri mata a waje da al'adunsu (ciki har da matan Afirka da Asiya). <ref name="ghil.hypotheses.org" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=German Immigrants to the Cape Colony under the Dutch 1652-1806 |url=https://safrika.org/Personalia_en.html}}</ref> Saboda hadewa tare da Dutch da sauran kabilun a Cape, akwai sunayen mahaifiyar Afrikaans da yawa na asalin Jamusanci misali Kla, Ackerman, Vosloo, Hertzog, Botha, Grobler, Hartzenberg, Pretorius, Booysen, Steenkamp, Kruger (daga 'Krüger'), Louw, Venter, Cloete, Schoeman, Mulder, Kriel, Meyer, Breytenbach, Engelbrecht, Potgieter, Muller, Maritz, Liebenberg, Lieben, Schersman, Shuster.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2013 |title=German influence on Boer-Afrikaner people |url=https://afrikanerway.wordpress.com/2013/11/17/german-influence-on-boer-afrikaner-people/#:~:text=Some%20of%20the%20most%20common%20Afrikaner%20surnames%20are,Muller%20%28M%C3%BCller%29%2C%20Meyer%2C%20Potgieter%2C%20Schoeman%20%28Schuman%29%20or%20Liebenberg}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=31 July 2024 |title=The meaning and history of the last name Grobler |url=https://venere.it/en/the-meaning-and-history-of-the-last-name-grobler |access-date=28 September 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250422184523/https://venere.it/en/the-meaning-and-history-of-the-last-name-grobler/ |archive-date=22 April 2025 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Wani rukuni na Turawa waɗanda suka zauna a cikin Dutch Cape Colony sun fito ne daga Arewacin Turai (wanda aka fi sani da 'Scandinavia'). A zahiri, sun kasance daga cikin 'yan Turai na farko da suka zauna a Cape Colony, tare da Dutch da Jamus. Yawancin Scandinavians a Cape ma'aikatan VOC ne yayin da wasu 'yan kasuwa ne masu zaman kansu waɗanda suke buƙatar Cape a matsayin rabin hanyar zuwa Asiya da kuma akasin haka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Winquist |first=Alan |date=January 1978 |title=Scandinavians and South Africa |url=https://pillars.taylor.edu/ayres-collection-books/12/ |journal=Ayres Special Collection}}</ref> Scandinavians a Cape galibi sun fito ne daga Sweden da Denmark yayin da wasu suka fito ne daga Norway da Finland.<ref name="pillars.taylor.edu">{{Cite web |last=Alan H. Winquist |title=Scandinavians and South Africa |url=https://pillars.taylor.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1011&context=ayres-collection-books |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820002934/https://pillars.taylor.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1011&context=ayres-collection-books |archive-date=2022-08-20}}</ref> Yayinda VOC ke gwagwarmaya don samun masu sa kai na Dutch don zama ma'aikata, ya juya ga Scandinavians. Scandinavians a Cape galibi mishaneri ne, sojoji, masu gudanarwa, 'yan kasuwa, malamai, ma'aikatan jinya, likitoci da ma'aikatan gwamnati.<ref name="pillars.taylor.edu" /> Ɗaya daga cikin mutanen Scandinavia na farko da suka zauna a Cape shine mijin Danish na Krotoa, [[Peter Havgard]], wanda sunansa na Dutch shine '[[Pieter Van Meerhof]]'.<ref name="pillars.taylor.edu" /> Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun Scandinavians a Cape shine mai binciken Sweden kuma jami'in VOC, Olof Bergh (wanda matarsa, Anna De Konnning, ta kasance mai tsattsauran ra'ayi). <ref name="pillars.taylor.edu" /> Kamar yawancin masu magana da White-Afrikaans, yawancin Cape Coloureds suna da wasu kakanninmu daga Arewacin Turai (musamman Sweden da Denmark) saboda waɗannan Scandinavians waɗanda suka haɗu da Dutch da sauran kabilun a yankin Cape.<ref name="pillars.taylor.edu" /> Sunan mahaifiyar Afrikaans na yau da kullun 'Trichardt' / 'Triegaardt' ya samo asali ne daga sunan mahaifiyar Sweden '[[Trädgård]]'.<ref name="pillars.taylor.edu" /> Sauran sunayen mahaifi na asalin Scandinavia sun zama wani ɓangare na al'ummar da ke magana da Afrikaans misali [[Zeederberg]], Knoetze, [[Blomerus]], Wentzel, Lindeque / [[Lindeques]] (daga sunan mahaifiyar Sweden 'Lindequast'). <ref name="pillars.taylor.edu" /> Wasu daga cikin mutanen Fotigal sun zauna a Cape kuma an haɗa su cikin al'ummar Cape, wanda shine yadda sunan mahaifiyar Fotigal 'Ferreira' ya zama sunan mahaifiyar Afrikaans.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Ferreira Family in SA |url=https://www.baviaans.net/articles/the_ferreira_family_in_sa}}</ref> Bayan lokaci, fararen al'ummar Cape sun samo asali ne a cikin kabilanci na fararen Afirka ta Kudu waɗanda yanzu aka sani da Boers / Afrikaners. Mafi shahararren kabilanci na bayi na Asiya a Cape sune Malay waɗanda suka zo daga Indonesia yayin da wasu suka zo daga Malaysia.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=South Africa's Forgotten Minority: The Cape Malays - Henri Steenkamp |url=https://henristeenkamp.org/south-africas-forgotten-minority-cape-malays/}}</ref> Har ila yau, bayi na Indonesiya sun ƙunshi wasu kabilun (kamar [[Java]]_people" id="mwAeE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Javanese people">Mutanen Javan daga tsibirin Java da [[Bali]]_people" id="mwAeM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Balinese people">Mutanen Balinese daga tsibirin Bali). <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 January 2018 |title=CAMISSA HERITAGE: Indigenes, Slaves, Indentured Labour and Migrants of Colour at the Cape of Good Hope |url=https://camissapeople.wordpress.com/2018/01/17/camissa-heritage-indigenes-slaves-indentured-labour-and-migrants-of-colour-at-the-cape-of-good-hope/}}</ref> Saboda Indonesia da Malaysia duka jihohin Musulmi ne, bayi da aka kwashe daga waɗannan ƙasashe sune waɗanda suka gabatar da Islama a cikin Dutch Cape Colony, kuma Islama ta zama addini na biyu mafi girma a cikin Cape Coloureds, bayan Kiristanci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Muslims in South Africa: 1700 - 1799 by Ebrahim Mahomed Mahida {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/history-muslims-south-africa-1700-1799-ebrahim-mahomed-mahida}}</ref> Kamar Kiristoci, waɗannan Musulmai sun yada Islama ta hanyar aikin mishan, saboda haka ya zama addini na biyu mafi girma tsakanin Cape Coloureds . <ref name="naqshbandi.org.za">{{Cite web |last=Costa |first=Yusuf da |last2=Davids |first2=Achmat |title=Pages from Cape Muslim History |url=https://naqshbandi.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/PAGES-FROM-CAPE-MUSLIM-HISTORY-V3.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413221353/https://naqshbandi.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/PAGES-FROM-CAPE-MUSLIM-HISTORY-V3.pdf |archive-date=13 April 2024 |publisher=Naqshbandi-Muḥammadi South Africa |isbn=0-7960-0622-9}}</ref> Musulmai na Indonesiya kuma an san su da '[[Mardyckers]]' ko 'Mardijkers'.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Choudhury |first=Manilata |date=2014 |title=The Mardijkers of Batavia: Construction of a Colonial Identity (1619-1650) |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44158475 |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=75 |pages=901–910 |jstor=44158475}}</ref> Koyaya, yawancin 'yan Indonesiya ba Musulmai ba ne, sabili da haka, sun kuma tuba zuwa Kiristanci. An kuma tura 'yan Indonesiya da yawa zuwa Dutch Cape Colony a matsayin fursunoni da aka yi gudun hijira waɗanda suka ƙare a matsayin bayi a matsayin horo don tawaye da mulkin Dutch a Indonesia (wanda ake kira Dutch East Indies). <ref name="The Cape Malay {{pipe}} South African">{{Cite web |title=The Cape Malay {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/cape-malay}}</ref> Wadannan Malays da sauran Indonesians suna da mafi girman tasirin da ba na Turai ba a cikin Cape Colony a ƙarƙashin mulkin Dutch.<ref name="The Cape Malay">{{Cite web |title=The Cape Malay |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/799458895/The-Cape-Malay}}</ref> Babban dalilin da ya sa wannan tasirin ya kasance cewa, ba kamar sauran kabilun bayi a Cape ba, bayi Malay da sauran bayi na Indonesiya suma sarakuna ne, malamai, tsoffin 'yan siyasa da tsoffin shugabannin addinai waɗanda aka kawo su a matsayin fursunoni; sabili da haka, sun yi amfani da tasirin su da iko don zama fitattun mutane tsakanin mutanen da aka zalunta da kuma bayi na Cape.<ref name="The Cape Malay" /> Wadannan fursunoni da aka yi gudun hijira sun hada da [[Tuan Guru]] (wani yarima na Indonesiya da aka yi hijira wanda ya kafa masallaci na farko a Afirka ta Kudu, wanda ke cikin [[Bo-Kaap|Bo-kaap]], Cape Town) da [[Sheikh Yusuf]] (wani Musulmi na Indonesiya wanda aka yi gudunmawar zuwa Cape. Garin Macassar kusa da Cape Town an sanya masa suna ne bayan garinsu, [[Makassar]] a Indonesia). <ref name="The Cape Malay" /> Ta hanyar tasirin waɗannan Indonesiyawa, Musulunci ya zama mafaka ga wasu bayi da ma'aikatan Khoi Khoi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beyers |first=Jaco |date=8 April 2016 |title=Beyond denial and exclusion: The history of relations between Christians and Muslims in the Cape Colony during the 17th–18th centuries with lessons for a post-colonial theology of religions |url=https://repository.up.ac.za/server/api/core/bitstreams/32132c3b-2dca-4cc1-ab53-bb4f64d5c0ec/content |url-status=live |journal=HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies |publisher=AOSIS |doi=10.4102/hts.v72i1.3117 |issn=0259-9422 |eissn=2072-8050 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260520072850/https://repository.up.ac.za/server/api/core/bitstreams/32132c3b-2dca-4cc1-ab53-bb4f64d5c0ec/content |archive-date=20 May 2026 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Kodayake yawancin Malays (tare da sauran bayi na Indonesiya da bayi na Malaysian) a cikin Cape sun haɗu da launin fata a cikin al'ummar Cape Coloured, ƙananan 'yan tsiraru daga cikinsu sun adana al'ummarsu don ci gaba da al'adunsu da tasirin su, sabili da haka, sun zama sanannun 'Cape Malays' (wanda aka fi sani da 'Cape Muslims'). <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2025 |title=The Preservation of Cape Malay Culture in Cape Town — plak.co.za |url=https://plak.co.za/the-preservation-of-cape-malay-culture-in-cape-town/}}</ref> Saboda tasirin su, wasu Musulmai a Cape sun shiga cikin al'ummar Cape Malay (musamman bayi na Indiya, bayi na Gabashin Afirka da kuma baƙi na ƙarshe da ma'aikata masu zaman kansu daga Gabas ta Tsakiya, Arewacin Afirka, Turkiyya, Indiya, Indonesia da Zanzibar waɗanda suka zauna lokacin da Cape Colony ke ƙarƙashin mulkin Burtaniya, a cikin 1800s da farkon 1900s), saboda haka Cape Malays ma sun kasance masu kiro.<ref name="naqshbandi.org.za" /> Har zuwa ƙarami, har ma da mutanen Khoi, mutanen da ke da launi / launin fata da fararen mutanen da suka tuba zuwa Islama kuma suka bi al'adun Malay suma an haɗa su cikin al'ummar Cape Malay.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kader |first=Yaseen |date=31 August 2021 |title=Cape Malay: a South African Muslim identity borne out of colonialism |url=https://taalmuseum.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cape-Malay-a-South-African-Muslim-identity-borne-out-of-colonialism-aug-2021.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251218200917/https://taalmuseum.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Cape-Malay-a-South-African-Muslim-identity-borne-out-of-colonialism-aug-2021.pdf |archive-date=18 December 2025 |website=gal-dem.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Da Costa |first=Yusuf |date=1992 |title=Assimilatory processes amongst the Cape Muslims in South Africa during the 19th century |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/02580144.1992.10520103?needAccess=true |journal=South African Journal of Sociology |volume=23 |pages=5–11 |doi=10.1080/02580144.1992.10520103 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Saboda kamanceceniya da yawa tsakanin Cape Coloureds da Cape Malays, al'ummomin biyu sun haɗu, musamman a Cape Town, wanda shine zuciyar al'ummar Cape Malay a Afirka ta Kudu.<ref name="The Cape Malay" /> Tare da fadada Cape Colony, yaduwar Islama da sauran dalilai, yawancin Cape Malays sun yi ƙaura zuwa sassa daban-daban na yankin Cape; tare da wasu suna zuwa har Port Elizabeth zuwa Gabas yayin da wasu suka tafi har zuwa Kimberly zuwa Arewa.<ref name="uun-halimah.blogspot.com">{{Cite web |title=Conflict of Identities: The Case of South Africa's Cape Malays |url=https://uun-halimah.blogspot.com/2008/11/conflict-of-identities-case-of-south.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2017 |title=Port Elizabeth of Yore: The Malays Create a Niche |url=https://thecasualobserver.co.za/port-elizabeth-yore-malay-population-port-elizabeth/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Muslims in South Africa: 1652 - 1699 by Ebrahim Mahomed Mahida {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://sahistory.org.za/archive/history-muslims-south-africa-1652-1699-ebrahim-mahomed-mahida}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Concise historical review : Malay Camp |url=https://www.spu.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/03MalayCamp/AfricanaLibrary/03Newspaper_Documents/n.d.-Historical-view-of-the-Malay-Camp-p1-6.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251218200919/https://www.spu.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/03MalayCamp/AfricanaLibrary/03Newspaper_Documents/n.d.-Historical-view-of-the-Malay-Camp-p1-6.pdf |archive-date=2025-12-18}}</ref> Wasu Cape Malays har ma sun wuce yankin Cape kuma sun yi ƙaura zuwa cikin Afirka ta Kudu, musamman bayan gano zinariya a Johannesburg a 1886. <ref name="uun-halimah.blogspot.com" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Research Portal |url=https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za/esploro/outputs/graduate/The-Malay-community-of-Gauteng-syncretism/9913888607691}}</ref> Koyaya, a lokacin wariyar launin fata, an rarraba mutanen Cape Malays a matsayin rukuni na 'Coloureds' saboda irin wannan kakanninmu tare da Cape Coloureds kuma saboda Dokar Rijistar Jama'a, 1950 ta haɗa yawan Afirka ta Kudu cikin kabilu huɗu: Black, White, Coloured da Indiya.<ref name="journals.co.za">{{Cite journal |last=Vahed |first=Goolam |year=2004 |title=The Quest for 'Malay' identity in Apartheid South Africa |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10231757_695 |journal=Alternation |volume=11}}</ref> Saboda haka, an tilasta wa 'yan Cape Malays da yawa su zauna a cikin al'ummomin masu launi a karkashin Dokar Yankin Ƙungiya a lokacin wariyar launin fata.<ref name="uun-halimah.blogspot.com" /> Bayan mamayewar Burtaniya a 1814, an soke bautar a Cape a 1834, wanda ya haifar da Babban Trek lokacin da Boers suka bar Cape a matsayin Voortrekkers kuma suka yi ƙaura zuwa cikin Afirka ta Kudu don kafa Jamhuriyar Boer. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Slavery is abolished at the Cape {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/slavery-abolished-cape#:~:text=On%201%20December%201834%2C%20slavery%20came%20to%20an,of%20Commons%20and%20by%20the%20House%20of%20Lords}}</ref> Yawancin bayi da aka 'yantar (waɗanda suka zama Cape Coloureds) sun kasance a baya. Yawancin bayi da aka 'yantar sun koma wani yanki a Cape Town wanda aka fi sani da Gundumar shida. A cikin shekarun 1800 (musamman bayan kawar da bautar a 1834) da farkon shekarun 1900, Cape ta karbi kwararar 'yan gudun hijira, baƙi da ma'aikata masu aiki daga: Burtaniya, Ireland, Jamus, Lithuania, St Helena, China, Indonesia, Philippines, Indiya, Gabas ta Tsakiya, Yammacin Afirka da Gabashin Afirka (yawancin waɗannan kungiyoyin sun shiga cikin al'ummar Cape Coloured).<ref name="academia.edu">{{Cite web |last=Skies |first=Infinite |date=10 March 2019 |title=CAMISSA HERITAGE - Origin and History of South African Cape Coloured People |url=https://www.academia.edu/38523613}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lithuanian footsteps in South Africa |url=https://vilnews.com/2011-01-south-africa |access-date=2025-08-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Zipp |first=Gisela |date=September 2012 |title=History of the German Settlers in the Eastern Cape |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357167610_History_of_the_German_Settlers_in_the_Eastern_Cape |publisher=ResearchGate}}</ref> [[File:Felix_Florez.jpg|thumb|Felix Florez, wani mutumin Filipino a kalk Bay a 1863]] A cikin shekarun 1800, Philippines, a lokacin mulkin mallaka na Mutanen Espanya, ta fuskanci mummunan tawaye a kan mulkin mallaka ya Mutanen Espanya. A ƙarshen shekarun 1830, Filipinos na farko da suka isa Cape sun zauna a [[Kalk Bay|Kalk Bay, Cape Town]] inda suka kama kifi don rayuwa sannan Kalk Bay ya zama sabon gidansu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Filipino community recognized in Kalk Bay! {{pipe}} the Heritage Portal |url=https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/notice/history-filipino-community-recognized-kalk-bay}}</ref> Lokacin da labarin ya kai Philippines, yawancin Filipinos sun taru zuwa Kalk Bay, kuma nan da nan suka warwatse a ko'ina cikin Cape Town da sauran sassan yankin da ke yanzu Yammacin Cape, inda yawancin su suka shiga cikin al'ummar Cape Coloured.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kalk Bay Historical Association |url=https://www.kbha.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Bulletin-Number-1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230518220324/http://www.kbha.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Bulletin-Number-1.pdf |archive-date=2023-05-18}}</ref> A sakamakon haka, yawancin Cape Coloureds na iya gano wasu daga cikin tushensu zuwa Philippines saboda Filipinos na Kalk Bay.<ref name="academia.edu" /> Yawancin Filipinos da suka zauna a Cape sun haɗu da wasu kakannin Mutanen Espanya sakamakon Mutanen Espanya waɗanda suka haɗu da 'yan asalin Philippines yayin da wasu kawai Filipinos na Mutanen Espanya ne na zuriyar Mutanen Espanya, sabili da haka, wasu Cape Coloureds na iya gano wasu tushen su zuwa Spain saboda Filipinos of Kalk Bay.<ref name="academia.edu" /> A cikin al'ummar Cape Coloured, sunayen mahaifi daga Filipinos na Kalk Bay (waɗanda galibi sunayen mahaifiyar Mutanen Espanya ne da Filipinos suka samu daga Mutanen Espanya) sune Gomez, Pascal, Torrez, De La Cruz, Fernandez, Florez (kuma an rubuta shi a matsayin 'Floris'), Manuel, da Garcia.<ref name="academia.edu" /> ==== Griqua ==== [[File:Adam_kok_III.jpg|left|thumb|Adam Kok III, shugaban mutanen Griqua masu launi]] A cikin karni na 17 da 18 a cikin Dutch Cape Colony, ƙungiyoyin launin fata waɗanda suka kasance tsakanin Yammacin Turai (musamman Dutch) da [[Khoekhoe|Khoi Khoi]] sun kirkiro ƙungiyar mutane masu launin fata waɗanda aka sani da Griqua . <ref name="academia_19907156">{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=The Making of Griqua, Inc.: Indigenous Struggles for Land and Autonomy in South Africa |url=https://www.academia.edu/19907156 |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=academia.edu}}</ref> Mutanen Griqua na iya gano kakanninsu zuwa kabilun biyu, Koks da Barendse, na farko ya kunshi mafi yawa daga Khoikhoi kuma na biyu daga zuriyar Turai.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |title=Griqua {{pipe}} South African History Online |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/griqua}}</ref> Nazarin kwayar halitta da aka yi a karni na 21 ya nuna cewa Griquas suna da asalin [[Mutane Xhosa|Xhosa]], [[Mutanen San|San]], da Tswana. Abin da ya raba Griquas daga Cape Coloureds shi ne cewa Griquas ba su da asalin Asiya a cikin zuriyarsu kuma ba kamar Cape Colouredes waɗanda suka karɓi salon rayuwar Yamma da Asiya ba, Griquas sun fi manne wa salon rayuwar Afirka, musamman na Khoi Khoi.<ref name="pletthistory.org">{{Cite web |title=The Story of the Griqua Re-visited {{pipe}} the van Plettenberg Historical Society |url=https://pletthistory.org/the-story-of-the-griqua-re-visited/}}</ref> == Tarihi == === Lokacin kafin wariyar launin fata === Mutanen da ke da launi sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a gwagwarmayar adawa da wariyar launin fata da manufofin da suka riga ta. [[Ƙungiyar Jama'ar Afirka|Kungiyar Siyasa ta Afirka]], wacce aka kafa a 1902, tana da mambobi masu launi na musamman; shugabansu Abdullah Abdurahman ya tara kokarin siyasa na launi na shekaru da yawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr Abdullah Abdurahman 1872 - 1940 |url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/abdurahman-a.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121035811/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/abdurahman-a.htm |archive-date=2007-11-21 |access-date=2009-10-23 |publisher=South African History Online}}</ref> Mutane da yawa masu launi daga baya sun shiga African National Congress da United Democratic Front . Ko a cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi ko wasu, mutane da yawa masu launin fata sun kasance masu aiki a cikin yaƙi da wariyar launin fata. Hakkin siyasa na mutane masu launi sun bambanta ta wurin wuri da kuma tsawon lokaci. A cikin karni na 19 suna da irin wannan haƙƙin ga Whites a cikin Cape Colony (ko da yake samun kudin shiga da cancantar dukiya sun shafe su sosai). A cikin Jamhuriyar Transvaal ko Orange Free State, suna da 'yancin hakki kaɗan. An zabi mambobi masu launi a cikin ikon birni na Cape Town (ciki har da, shekaru da yawa, Abdurahman). Kafa kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu ta ba wa mutanen da ke da launi ikon mallakar, kodayake a shekara ta 1930 an ƙuntata su ga zabar wakilan fari. Sun gudanar da takunkumin jefa kuri'a akai-akai don nuna rashin amincewa. Irin wannan takunkumin na iya taimakawa ga nasarar Jam'iyyar National a shekarar 1948. Ya gudanar da shirin wariyar launin fata wanda ya kwace mutanen Coloured daga sauran ikon jefa kuri'a. Kalmar "kaffir" kalma ce ta launin fata da aka yi amfani da ita don nunawa ga mutanen Afirka baƙi a Afirka ta Kudu. Duk da yake har yanzu ana amfani da shi akan baƙar fata, ba ya yaduwa kamar yadda yake akan mutane masu launi. === Lokacin wariyar launin fata === [[File:ApartheidPopulationGroups.jpg|thumb|Bayani game da lambobin ainihi na Afirka ta Kudu a cikin takardar ainihi a lokacin wariyar launin fata dangane da rukunin fararen fata, masu launi da na Indiya]] Mutanen da ke da launi sun kasance suna ƙarƙashin tilasta ƙaura. Misali, gwamnati ta sake komawa Coloured daga biranen Cape Town na Gundumar shida, wanda daga baya aka rushe shi. Sauran yankunan da aka tilasta musu barin sun hada da Constantia, Claremont, Simon's Town. An tura mazauna zuwa sassan da aka tsara ta launin fata na yankin birni a kan Cape Flats. Bugu da ƙari, a ƙarƙashin wariyar launin fata, mutanen da ke da launi sun sami ilimi mafi ƙasƙanci da na fararen fata. Duk da haka, ya fi kyau fiye da wanda aka ba wa 'yan Afirka ta Kudu. == Launi a wasu ƙasashen kudancin Afirka == [[File:South_Africa_racial_map,_1979.gif|thumb|350x350px|Taswirar launin fata ta Afirka ta Kudu da [[C.I.A|CIA]] ta buga a 1979, tare da bayanai daga ƙididdigar Afirka ta Kudu ta 1970]] Ana amfani da kalmar Coloured a Namibia, don bayyana mutanen da suka haɗu, musamman ɓangaren Khoisan, da ɓangaren Turai. ''[[Kabilar basters|Basters]]'' na Namibia sun kasance wata kabilanci daban wacce a wasu lokuta ana daukar ta a matsayin rukuni na yawan mutanen da ke da launi na wannan ƙasar. A karkashin mulkin Afirka ta Kudu, an kara manufofi da dokokin wariyar launin fata zuwa abin da ake kira Afirka ta Kudu maso Yamma. A Namibia, gwamnati ta bi da Coloureds ta hanyar da za a iya kwatanta da na Coloureds na Afirka ta Kudu. A Zimbabwe kuma zuwa ƙaramin Zambia, an yi amfani da kalmar Coloured ko ''[[Goffal]]'' don nunawa ga mutanen da suka haɗu. Yawancin su sun fito ne daga iyayen Afirka da Burtaniya, ko Afirka da Indiya. Wasu iyalai masu launi sun fito ne daga baƙi masu launi na Cape daga Afirka ta Kudu waɗanda ke da yara tare da mata na yankin. A karkashin gwamnatin [[Rhodesia]] mafi yawan fararen fata, Coloureds suna da dama fiye da baƙar fata na Afirka, gami da cikakken haƙƙin jefa kuri'a, amma har yanzu suna fuskantar nuna bambanci na zamantakewa. Ana amfani da kalmar Coloured a [[Eswatini]]. === Al'adun al'adu === [[File:Tyla_Seethal_2022_a.png|thumb|[[Tyla]], mawaƙan Afirka ta Kudu mai launi na al'adun Zulu, Irish da Indiya.]] Akwai ƙungiyoyin mawaƙa da mawaƙa da yawa da kuma ƙungiyar mawaƙa a cikin al'ummar Coloured. Kamfanin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Eoan Group yana yin wasan kwaikwayo da ballet a Cape Town. Kaapse Klopse carnival, wanda ake gudanarwa a kowace shekara a ranar 2 ga Janairu a Cape Town, da kuma mawaƙa na Cape Malay da wasan kwaikwayo na mawaƙa wani muhimmin bangare ne na lokacin hutun birnin. Kaapse Klopse ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi masu fafatawa da yawa waɗanda ke raira waƙa da rawa a titunan Cape Town a ranar Sabuwar Shekara a farkon wannan shekara. A zamanin yau drumlines a cikin kayan ado masu farin ciki, masu launi suna yin a filin wasa. Ana gudanar da bukukuwan Kirsimeti a cikin yanayi mai tsarki amma ba su da haske, galibi sun haɗa da mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa waɗanda ke raira waƙa da kunna waƙoƙin Kirsimeti akan tituna. A fagen zane-zane da wallafe-wallafen, masu launi da yawa sun yi tare da CAPAB (Cape Performing Arts Board) ballet da kamfanin opera, kuma al'umma sun samar da manyan mawaƙa uku na Afrikaans sanannun mawaƙa, Adam Small, S.V. Petersen, da [[P.J. Philander]]. A shekara ta 1968, an kafa Majalisar Al'adu da Nishaɗi don inganta ayyukan al'adu na Al'umma mai launi. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} 6rrr4cympirusj5pvim278loa5uthqm 0 177574 961530 960456 2026-10-01T18:57:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961530 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Dennis Button Haskins IV (Daga ranar 18 ga watan Nuwamba, shekarar 1950 zuwa ranar 27 ga watan Satumba, shekarar 2026) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka wanda aka sani da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Shugaba Richard Belding a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na matasa Saved by the Bell, wanda ya gudana daga 1989 zuwa 1993 a [[NBC]] . Daga nan sai ya ci gaba da fitowa a cikin Saved by the Bell: The New Class, wanda aka watsa daga shekarar 1993 zuwa shekarar 2000. Ya kuma nuna rawar a matsayin na yau da kullun a cikin Good Morning, Miss Bliss . <ref name="obit">{{Cite web |date=September 28, 2026 |title=Chattanooga native Dennis Haskins, 'Saved by the Bell' principal, dies at 75 |url=https://newschannel9.com/news/local/chattanooga-native-dennis-haskins-saved-by-the-bell-principal-dies-at-75-principal-mrbelding-utc-tennessee-notre-dame-sitcom-90s-80s-tv |publisher=[[WTVC]]}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Dennis Haskins a ranar 18 ga watan Nuwamba, a shekara ta 1950, a Chattanooga, Tennessee . <ref name="regalado">{{Cite web |last=Regalado |first=Francesca |date=29 September 2026 |title=Dennis Haskins, Mr. Belding on ‘Saved by the Bell,’ Dies at 75 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/09/29/arts/television/dennis-haskins-dead.html |access-date=29 September 2026 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> Ya halarci Our Lady of Perpetual Help, Notre Dame High School a Chattanooga, da Jami'ar Tennessee a Chattanaoga . Ya buga wasan kwando a UTC bayan ya kasa yin tawagar a Jami'ar Tennessee, kuma ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar masu gaisuwa. Haskins na cikin ƙungiyar Kappa Sigma . Kafin ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo, Haskins ya bayyana a matsayin mai takara a wasan kwaikwayo na TV ''Scrabble'' . === Talabijin da fim === Kafin rawar da ya taka a kan Saved by the Bell, Haskins ya bayyana a lokuta da yawa na ''Dukes na Hazzard'' a matsayi daban-daban. A cikin matukin jirgi, ya taka rawar mai kula da Boar's Nest wanda Daisy ta buge shi bayan ya yi ƙoƙari ya taɓa ta yayin da take aiki a matsayin mai ba da abinci. Haskins, wanda ya yi sauraro sau bakwai <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 20, 2009 |title=Dennis Haskins (Mr. Belding!) Talks About His Career and Says, "I'm not done!" |url=https://www.dailyactor.com/interview/dennis-haskins-mr-belding-talks-to-us-about-his-career-and-says-im-not-done/ |website=Daily Actor}}</ref> don rawar Mista Belding, ya fara bayyana a matsayin halin a cikin shekarar 1988's Good Morning, Miss Bliss a kan Disney Channel. Bayan shekara guda, an sake yin wasan kwaikwayon a matsayin Saved by the Bell a NBC, tare da Haskins kasancewa kawai babban memba na simintin yau da kullun. An san shi da kalmar "Hey, hey, hey, menene ke faruwa a nan?", ya ci gaba da rawar da ya taka a kan spinoff Saved by the Bell: The New Class har zuwa 2000. Ya sami ɗan gajeren cameo a matsayin kansa a cikin fim din 2006 The Boys & Girls Guide to Getting Down . A matsayinsa na baƙo a ranar 4 ga watan Maris, a shekarar 2010, a cikin ''Late Night tare da Jimmy Fallon'', Haskins ya ce yana iya yin amfani da benci yana matsawa fam 150 a matsayin babban memba na ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta Notre Dame. A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu, shekarar 2015, Haskins ya sake haɗuwa da Mark-Paul Gosselaar, Elizabeth Berkley, Mario Lopez da Tiffani Thiessen a kan The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, inda suka bayyana a cikin zane-zane na Saved by the Bell tare da Fallon.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jimmy Fallon assembled the cast of 'Saved by the Bell' for an epic reunion |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/jimmy-fallon-saved-by-the-bell-reunion-2015-2 |access-date=20 February 2015 |website=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jimmy Fallon reunites most of the 'Saved by the Bell' cast |url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/showtracker/la-et-st-jimmy-fallon-reunites-most-of-the-saved-by-the-bell-cast-20150205-story.html |access-date=20 February 2015 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> Ya bayyana a fim din shekarar 2014 A Million Ways to Die in the West a matsayin Mai sayar da man maciji a baje kolin. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ya yi kokari sosai don zama memba a kan ABC's Dancing with the Stars . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dennis Haskins |url=http://www.dennishaskins.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=85:nows-the-time-to-nominate-dennis-haskins-for-dancing-with-the-stars-&catid=36:news&Itemid=1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331175721/http://www.dennishaskins.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=85:nows-the-time-to-nominate-dennis-haskins-for-dancing-with-the-stars-&catid=36:news&Itemid=1 |archive-date=2012-03-31 |access-date=2015-10-11 |publisher=Dennis Haskins}}</ref> === Kiɗa da sauran kafofin watsa labarai === A ranar 31 ga watan Agusta, 2009, Haskins ya fitar da kundi na farko na kiɗa, Karaoke tare da Babban Jami'in da kuka fi so Dennis . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dennis Haskins |title=Karaoke With Your Favorite Principal Dennis |url=https://www.amazon.com/Karaoke-Your-Favorite-Principal-Dennis/dp/B002IRDDQG |access-date=2015-10-11 |publisher=Amazon.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dennis Haskins on iTunes |url=https://music.apple.com/us/artist/dennis-haskins/330568864 |access-date=2015-10-11 |publisher=[[iTunes]]}}</ref> A cikin kundin, yana raira waƙoƙi daga "Piano Man" zuwa "Mustang Sally", wanda na ƙarshe shine duet tare da 'yar [[Hulk Hogan]] Brooke Hogan. An rubuta CD ɗin a lokacin rani na 2009 a Mikron Studios a Kudancin Pittsburg, Tennessee, tare da Mike Headrick . Cody McCarver ya samar da aikin, kuma Mike Yarworth ya ba da kuɗin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dennis Haskins (dennishaskins) on Myspace |url=http://www.myspace.com/dennishaskins |access-date=2015-10-11 |publisher=Myspace.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2010, Haskins ya bayyana a cikin bidiyon "See You in Shell" ta ƙungiyar gwaji ta Iwrestledabearonce, wanda ya yi amfani da Saved by the Bell da fina-finai na John Hughes. A ranar 14 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2016, Haskins ya yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan mataki tare da ƙungiyar da aka tsara ta 1990, Saved by the 90s, a Toledo, Ohio, a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Toledo Mud Hens. Haskins ya bayyana a cikin bidiyon kiɗa na DJ Lubel na "The Women of LA" <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2013 |title='The Women Of LA' Skewers Our Unattainable Women, Geeky Guys & Everyone In Between (VIDEO) |url=https://huffpost.com/entry/the-women-of-la-music-video_n_2680200 |access-date=13 February 2013 |publisher=Huffpost}}</ref> tare da wasu tsoffin taurari na Jaleel White da Pauly Shore na 90 . Haskins ya bayyana a cikin bidiyon kiɗa na Dirty Heads ' "Vacation", inda aka gan shi a cikin wani bakuncin makarantar sakandare mara amfani da shi ga dukan waƙa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Five Seven Music |date=13 July 2017 |title=Dirty Heads – Vacation (Official Video) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zok9co_8E4&sns=fb |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250818012946/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zok9co_8E4&sns=fb |archive-date=2025-08-18 |via=YouTube |access-date=2026-09-30}}</ref> Ya kuma bayyana a cikin bidiyon kiɗa na Khalid na "Young Dumb & Broke", yana wasa da shugaban da ke yin sanarwar ƙarshen shekara a kan makarantar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 Aug 2017 |title=Khalid - Young Dumb & Broke (Official Video) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPfJnp1guPc |via=YouTube}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Haskins ya mutu a Burbank, California, a ranar 27 ga watan Satumba, a shekarar 2026, yana da shekaru 75. <ref name="obit" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=September 28, 2026 |title=“Saved By The Bell” Actor Dennis Haskins Has Died |url=https://countryrebel.com/saved-by-the-bell-actor-dennis-haskins-has-died/ |access-date=September 28, 2026 |publisher=Country Rebel}}</ref> An gano shi da [[Cutar Parkinson]] shekaru takwas da suka gabata. <ref name="obit" /> <ref name="regalado" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Travis |first=Emlyn |date=29 September 2026 |title=''Saved by the Bell'' star Dennis Haskins battled Parkinson's disease before death at 75 |url=https://ew.com/dennis-haskins-battled-parkinsons-disease-before-death-12147048 |access-date=29 September 2026 |publisher=Entertainment Weekly}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi |- |1979–1985 |''Dukes na Hazzard'' |Elmo Smith / Gate Guard (ba a san shi ba) / Charlie Watkins / Moss |- |1979–1983 |''Wurin Archie Bunker'' |Ma'aikaci |- |1983 |''Hardcastle da McCormick'': "Rolling Thunder" |'Yan sanda # 1 |- |1986 |''Magnum, P.I.'': "Autumn Warrior" |Del Haynes |- |1987 |''Safiya Mai Kyau, Miss Bliss'' |Mista Richard Belding |- |1988 |''Yarinyar Hiroshima'' |Hal Latimer |- |1989–1993 |''An cece shi da Bell'' |Shugaba Richard Belding |- |1990 |''Hoton'' |Steven Kifi |- |1991 |''Shaidar da ta gani game da kisan kai'' |Dokta Baldwin |- |1992 |''An ceto ta hanyar Bell: Hawaiian Style'' |Mista Richard Belding |- |1993 |''An ceci ta Bell: Shekaru na Kwalejin'' |Mista Richard Belding (baƙo) |- |1993–2000 |''An ceci ta hanyar Bell: Sabon Class'' |Shugaba Richard Belding |- |1994 |''An cece shi da Bell: Bikin aure a Las Vegas'' |Mista Richard Belding |- |1998 |''Bayyanawa: Tsarin Iyali'' |Shi da kansa (mai tsarawa) |- |1999 |''Yaron da ke da Idanun X-Ray'' |Boyd Russell |- |2001 |''Ayyukan'' |Likitan kwakwalwa |- |2001 |''18'' |Mahaifin Laura |- |2001 |Yammacin Yamma: "Bartlet for America" |C.E.O. Mai ba da gudummawa # 2 |- |2001 |''Babban Mataki na Max Keeble'' |Mista Kohls |- |2002 |''Mutumin da ke cikin dutse'' |Dean Hendricks |- |2002 |''Wani Mai Kisan Kai na yau da kullun'' |Ronald Smith |- |2003 |''An raba shi'' | |- |2003 |''Kashewa'' |Uncle Frank |- |2003 |''Ruwa Mai Ruwa'' |Kyaftin Dale Landry |- |2003 |''Tangy Guacamole'' |Toss Honeycut |- |2003 |''Sama ta 7'': "Ka tashi tsaye" |Jami'in zirga-zirga |- |2004 |''[[Kisan Dawn Magyar|Wani Mai Kisan Kai na yau da kullun]]'' |Ronald Smith |- |2004 |''Hanyar Ƙarshen Ƙarshe'' |Mista Makepiece |- |2004 |''JAG'' |Tsaron Filin jirgin sama S-1 |- |2005 |''Kullum Sunny ne a Philadelphia'' |Kocin Murray |- |2005 |''Michigan mai banƙyama'' |Sheriff Folgar |- |2005 |''Dukiyar Dajin da aka Fasa'' |Sheriff Thomas |- |2006 |''Jagoran Yara da Mata don Raguwa'' |Shi da kansa |- |2007 |''An sake gyarawa'' |Shaidan mai bin doka # 2 |- |2007 |''Ku shafe kafafu'' |Mai Shagon Pizza / Baba |- |2008 |''Ratko: Ɗan Mai mulkin kama karya'' |Dean Sitlong |- |2008 |''Tekun Lu'u-lu'u'' |Dokta Shultz |- | |''Kayan kaza na robot'' |Jigsaw / Mr. Belding / Alkalin |- |2008 |''Babban Musical na Musical na sirri'' |Mista Johnson |- |2008 |''Mahaifiyar Stacy'' |Farfesa Wood |- |2008 |''Bambance-bambance na Halitta'' |Tom |- |2008 |''Labarin Maximus mai ban mamaki'' |Uba Jay |- |2009 |''Kwalejin wasan kwaikwayo'' |Martin DeWitt |- |2010 |''Maza na Ƙayyadadden Shekara'' |Mai mallakar Terry |- |2010 |"See You in Shell" (bidiyo na kiɗa ta Iwrestledabearonce) | |- |2010 |''Tsaro na Makwabta'' |Babban Gibbous |- |2011–2013 |''Z! Labarin Long Island na Gaskiya'' |Shi da kansa / Mr. Belding |- |2012 |''Nasara'' |Mista Belding |- |2012 |''Maza Masu Hauka'' |Masanin kimiyyar gwaji na kicin |- |2012 |''Yadda Na sadu da Uwargida'' |Alƙali # 2 |- |2013 |''JBL da Cole Show'' |Shi da kansa |- |2014 |''Hanyoyin Miliyan Rayuwa a Yamma'' |Mai sayar da Man Maciji |- |2014 |''Sabuwar Yarinya'' |Mai Tsarki |- |2015 |''A kan Wooftop'' |Santa Claus |- |2015 |''Hot a Cleveland'' |Reverend Bower |- |2015 |''Nunin Yau'' |Mista Richard Belding |- |2017 |''Holly, Jingles da Clyde'' |Santa Claus |- |2018 |''Waƙar Bennett'' |Gpa Sam Bennett |- |2019 |''Abstruse'' |Sanata Stevens |- |2019 |''Rashin fahimta'' |Bob Jenkins |- |2019 |''Jinƙai'' |Mista Collins |- |2020 |''Bikin Waƙar Bennett'' |GPA Sam Bennett |} == Kyaututtuka == Haskins an girmama shi tare da Jami'ar Tennessee a Chattanooga's Most Distinguished Alumni na 2000 kuma yana da wani yanki na makarantar sakandare mai suna, The Dennis Haskins Open, yanzu a cikin shekara ta goma sha ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dennis Haskins |url=http://www.dennishaskins.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=37&Itemid=85 |access-date=2015-10-11 |publisher=Dennis Haskins |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120427235109/http://www.dennishaskins.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=37&Itemid=85 |archive-date=2012-04-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2026]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1950]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 693fi9gg587yog0axbng70rc9l0jy8d 0 177600 961631 960675 2026-10-02T00:31:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Edith Langridge''' (21 Maris 1864 - 6 Mayu 1959), wanda aka fi sama da Uwar Edith (sunanta a cikin addini), ma'aikaciyar ƙauyen Burtaniya ce kuma mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje da ke zaune a Barishal a Indiya ta Burtaniya (yanzu [[Bangladesh]]), inda ta kasance memba mai kafa kuma ta farko mafi girma na Sisterhood of the Epiphany, tsarin addini na Benedictine Anglican . Ta tsara Ikilisiyar Ofishin Jakadancin Oxford wanda shine ɗayan manyan majami'u a Asiya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oxford Mission Church |url=https://beautifulbangladesh.gov.bd/cat/landmarks/69 |access-date=2020-10-25 |website=beautifulbangladesh.gov.bd}}</ref> == Haihuwar haihuwa da ilimi == An haifi Langridge a Marylebone a Landan a 1864. Iyayenta sune Flora Jane (née Pope) da Henry Langridge . Ta halarci Kwalejin Sarauniya a titin Harley inda ta yi fice a lissafi. Koyaya, lokacin da ta nemi Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, an gaya mata cewa ba za ta iya karatun lissafi ba, don haka ta ɗauki makonni shida a cikin Latin don nazarin gargajiya. An ba ta tallafin karatu kuma ta karanta litattafai na gargajiya daga 1885. A shekara ta 1888 an ba ta digiri na biyu. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar mai kula da Lady Margaret Hall, amma tana so ta zama mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje. Ta koyi [[Harshen Swahili|Swahili]] don ta iya aiki a Afirka. Koyaya Bishop Talbot da Canon Charles Gore suna son ta jagoranci sabon "Sisterhood of the Epiphany" a Barishal a cikin abin da ke yanzu [[Bangladesh]]. Barisal ya ja hankalin masu wa'azi na Kirista ciki har da Ofishin Jakadancin Oxford wanda ya kafa Brotherhood of the Epiphany a cikin 1895. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Oxford Mission |url=http://www.oxford-mission.org/home/index.html |access-date=11 January 2019 |website=www.oxford-mission.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190112195204/http://www.oxford-mission.org/home/index.html |archive-date=12 January 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == 'Yan uwa mata na Epiphany == A cikin 1902, an kafa Sisterhood of the Epiphany (SE) a Barisal a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Uba Edmund Linwood Strong don nuna Brotherhood. Ayyukan 'yan'uwa mata sun hada da bishara, aikin likita, da ilimin mata a karkashin jagorancin Langridge. Daga baya an kafa gidan reshe a Jobarpar, Agailjhara kilomita talatin a arewacin garin. [[File:অক্সফোর্ড_মিশন_গির্জা_3.jpg|thumb|Cocin Ofishin Jakadancin Oxford a Barisal]] Cocin Ofishin Jakadancin Oxford, wanda aka fi sani da Cocin Epiphany, an kafa shi ne a cikin 1903 bisa ga zane-zane na Sister Edith, kuma an kaddamar da shi a ranar 26 ga Janairu a wannan shekarar. Uba Strong ya lura da kammala zane da ginin cocin ta hanyar mataki na biyu na gini a cikin 1907. <ref name="dailystar" /> An gina cocin a kan kadada 35 na ƙasar da ke kewaye da babban bango da layukan itatuwan dabino. Langridge ta jagoranci 'yan'uwa mata, ta hanyar karɓar salon "Mother Edith" bayan ta ɗauki alkawuranta na ƙarshe a cikin tsari a 1913, kuma bayan zabe don tabbatar da matsayinta na Uwar Mai Girma. A cikin 1928 da 1931 an kalubalance ta don matsayi, duka zaɓen sun ƙare a cikin rikici tare da daidaitattun kuri'u ga 'yan takarar biyu. Warden (matsayi da ɗan'uwan Brotherhood of the Epiphany ya riƙe) ya karya rikici a kowane lokaci ta hanyar tabbatar da Langridge a matsayinta. Akwai gidajen reshe da yawa na 'yan'uwa mata, mafi girma a Calcutta inda' yan'uwa mata ke gudanar da makarantar firamare da gidan marayu. A shekara ta 1943 Uwar Edith ta rasa zaben Uwar Mai Girma kuma an maye gurbin ta. == Kyauta == Langridge ya mutu a asibiti a Shillong a shekarar 1959. A cikin 1970 an kafa wata al'umma mai kama da Sisterhood of the Epiphany ga 'yan'uwa mata na ƙasar Bangladesh, mai suna Christa Sevika Sangha (CSS) (Ma'aikatan Kristi), kuma a cikin 1986 wannan tsari ya zama mai zaman kansa. Wanda ya kafa, Sr Susila SE, ta bar Sisterhood of the Epiphany don zama uwar farko ta CSS, ofishin da ta rike har zuwa mutuwarta a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2011. A lokaci guda wata 'yar'uwa (Sr Leonore SE) ta koma Al'ummar St. Francis don bin Dokar Franciscan. A farkon shekarun 1990 'yan'uwa mata uku ne kawai suka rage, kuma sun bar Bangladesh (inda CSS ke ci gaba da aikinsu) kuma suka koma Ingila, suka zauna a Ditchingham tare da Community of All Hallows . 'Yan'uwa mata uku na ƙarshe sun mutu a can, suna kammala aikin Sisterhood of the Epiphany . [1] Koyaya Sister Lucy Francis Holt har yanzu 'yar'uwa ce a Cocin Ofishin Jakadancin Oxford a cikin 2019 inda ta ɗauki' yancin zama ɗan ƙasar Bangladesh tana da shekaru 89 don haka ta mutu a can.[2] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1959]] kmuqmowi7vn39umhoq0vdwyouroyi57 0 177617 961693 960881 2026-10-02T05:50:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961693 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Futbol Club Barcelona Femení B''' ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta mata ta ƙasar Spain da ke Barcelona, a yankin Catalonia mai cin gashin kansa. An kafa ƙungiyar a shekara ta 2000, kuma ita ce ƙungiyar ajiyar FC Barcelona Femení. A halin yanzu tana buga gasar Primera Federación, kuma tana buga wasanninta na gida a Ciutat Esportiva Joan Gamper. Ƙungiyoyin ajiyar ƙwallon ƙafa a tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa na Spain suna buga wasa a cikin tsarin gasar da babbar ƙungiyarsu ke ciki, maimakon samun nasu gasar ta musamman. Dole ne su kasance aƙalla mataki ɗaya ƙasa da babbar ƙungiyar, saboda haka Barcelona Femení B ba za ta iya samun gurbin zuwa Primera División ba, kuma ba za ta iya buga Copa de la Reina ba. == Tarihi == Ƙungiyar mata ta biyu ta farko ta Barcelona ta kasance tun a shekara ta 1978, ƙarƙashin sunan '''Peña Femenina Barcelona Atlético'''.<ref name=Nolla1979>{{cite news |last=Nolla |first=Santi |date=26 May 1979 |title=Actualmente adscrito a Educación y Descanso: El futbol femenino, aislado por la Federación |url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1979/05/26/pagina-14/1055415/pdf.html |newspaper=Mundo Deportivo |page=14 |language=es}}</ref> A gasar Catalan Cup ta 1978–79, P.F. Barcelona Atlético ta zama ta biyu bayan ta sha kashi a wasan ƙarshe ta hanyar bugun fanareti. Kocinsu shi ne Ramón Llach.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://arca.bnc.cat/arcabib_pro/ca/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1591260|title=Deporte en la empresa: Premios y trofeos temporada 1978/79 {{!}} Futbol femenino Campeonato provincial final, P.F. Blanquiazul, 1 P.F. Barna. Atco., 1: por penaltys, campeon la Peña F. Feminino Blanquiazul|first=A|last=Goñi|date=7 June 1979|newspaper=El Noticiero Universal|page=28|language=es}}</ref> Ƙungiyoyin Barcelona guda biyu a shekara ta 1979 sun sami damar yin atisaye da buga wasanni a wuraren horarwa na FC Barcelona, saboda tallafin da sabon shugaban kulob ɗin, Josep Lluís Núñez, ya bayar.<ref name=Nolla1979/> An kafa ƙungiyar "B" a watan Nuwamba 1988, bayan gasar Catalan Cup ta kakar 1988–89 amma kafin fara gasannin lig. Kulob ɗin Gracia Cal Majó ya haɗe da Club Femení Barcelona domin zama ƙungiyar reshe, wadda a lokacin ake kira '''Barcelona Atlètic'''. Wannan ƙungiyar ta buga gasar Lliga catalana a waccan kakar (yayin da Barcelona ke buga Liga Nacional), amma kuma ta kai zagaye na gaba na gasar Catalan Cup tare da Barcelona.<ref name=11Nov>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1988/11/11/pagina-32/1186424/pdf.html|date=11 November 1988|page=32|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|language=es|author=Xavier|title=Homenaje a la jugadora del Español Mallol}}</ref> Sun sake fafatawa a kakar da ta biyo baya.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1989/09/29/pagina-34/1432864/pdf.html|title=La Liga 89-90 dio comienzo|date=29 September 1989|page=34|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|language=es}}</ref> Barcelona Femení B ta janye daga Primera Nacional Femenina a lokacin kakar 2007–08 saboda komawar babbar ƙungiyar zuwa matakin ƙasa, amma ta dawo a kakar da ta biyo baya bayan Barcelona Femení ta koma Superliga Femenina. A shekara ta 2016, ta zama zakara a rukunin III na Segunda División a karon farko a tarihin ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.capitaldeporte.com/barcelona-femenino-b-pagina-dorada-historia/#prettyphoto/0/|title=FCB Femeni B Champions for the First Time|website=capitaldeporte.com|access-date=2017-05-17|archive-date=2018-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142627/http://capitaldeporte.com/barcelona-femenino-b-pagina-dorada-historia/#prettyphoto/0/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2016, an kira 'yan wasa bakwai daga Barcelona B domin buga wa ƙungiyar matasan ƙasar Spain wasa a gasar 2016 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenssoccerunited.com/u17wwc-player-list/|title=2016 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup squads: Full list of every player and squad number from all 16 countries competing in Jordan|date=2016-09-28|work=Women's Soccer United|access-date=2017-05-17|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-11-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102123950/https://www.womenssoccerunited.com/u17wwc-player-list/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Afrilu 2023, sun lashe gasar rukuni na biyu a ranar da babbar ƙungiyar FC Barcelona Femení ta lashe gasar rukuni na farko.<ref>{{cite web|date=2023-05-01|title=El Barça B femenino campeón de Liga en Segunda|url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20230501/1001996735/barca-b-femenino-campeon-liga-segunda.html|access-date=2023-05-01|website=Mundo Deportivo|language=es}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2024, ƙungiyar ta lashe kambun gasar rukuni na biyu a jere bayan ta doke Athletic Bilbao B da ci 2–0 a ranar ƙarshe ta kakar wasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2024 |title=Hito histórico del filial del Barça femenino: segunda liga consecutiva |trans-title=Historical milestone for the Barça women's subsidiary: second consecutive league|url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20240427/1002236067/hito-historico-filial-barca-femenino-segunda-liga-consecutiva.html |access-date=27 April 2024 |website=Mundo Deportivo |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2024 |title=El Barça B revalida el campionat de Primera Federació! |trans-title=Barça B revalidates the First Federation championship! |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.cat/ca/futbol/noticies/3986402/el-barca-b-revalida-el-campionat-de-primera-federacio |access-date=27 April 2024 |website=FC Barcelona |language=ca}}</ref> == 'Yan wasa == === Tawagar yanzu === {{Updated|5 September 2026}}<ref>{{cite web|title=FC Barcelona Femeni Squad|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/formativo-femenino/femenino-b/jugadoras}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Plantilla 2026/2027 Barcelona B |trans-title=Barcelona B squad 2026/2027 |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/equipo-plantilla.asp?id=756 |website=txapeldunak.com |publisher=Txapeldunak |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref> {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=2|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Martina González}} {{Fs player|no=5|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Maria Llorella}} {{Fs player|no=7|pos=MF|nat=ESP|name=Caroline Ferrera}} {{Fs player|no=12|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Daniela Martínez}} {{Fs player|no=13|pos=GK|nat=ESP|name=Rocío Romano}} {{Fs player|no=16|pos=MF|nat=ESP|name=Lorena Cubo}} {{Fs player|no=17|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Noa Jiménez}} {{Fs player|no=18|pos=FW|nat=ESP|name=Lúa Arufe}} {{Fs player|no=19|pos=FW|nat=ESP|name=Anna Quer}} {{Fs player|no=21|pos=FW|nat=MAR|name=Kautar Azraf}} {{Fs player|no=22|pos=MF|nat=ESP|name=Rosalía Domínguez}} {{Fs player|no=23|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Carla Julià}} {{Fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=GK|nat=CAN|name=Khadijah Cissé}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Charlotta Ohlander}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Julia Torres}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Avril Serrano}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=MF|nat=POL|name=Emilia Szymczak}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=MF|nat=DEN|name=Josephine Lamp}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=MF|nat=ESP|name=Laia Cabetas}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=MF|nat=ESP|name=Beatriz Pérez}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=FW|nat=NED|name=Liv Pennock}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=FW|nat=DNK|name=Nikoline Nielsen}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=FW|nat=ITA|name=Giulia Galli}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=FW|nat=MAR|name=Mayssa Baha}} {{Fs end}} === Ƙungiyar ajiya === {{main|FC Barcelona C (women)}} {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=2|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Carlota Martins}} {{Fs player|no=5|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Cristina López}} {{Fs player|no=6|pos=MF|nat=ESP|name=Mariona Señé}} {{Fs player|no=7|pos=FW|nat=ESP|name=Laia Guerrero}} {{Fs player|no=8|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Arlet Aguayo}} {{Fs player|no=9|pos=MF|nat=ESP|name=Martina Romero}} {{Fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=16|pos=MF|nat=ESP|name=Daniela López}} {{Fs player|no=17|pos=FW|nat=ESP|name=Nayara Núñez}} {{Fs player|no=26|pos=DF|nat=ESP|name=Júlia Pastor}} {{Fs player|no=30|pos=MF|nat=ESP|name=Bea Pérez}} {{Fs player|no=31|pos=GK|nat=ESP|name=Clara Raspall}} {{Fs player|no=33|pos=FK|nat=ESP|name=Ariana Ayats}} {{Fs end}} === Aro a matsayin aro === {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=|pos=DF|nat=POR|name=Iara Lobo|other=a Parma}} {{Fs end}} === Ma'aikatan fasaha na yanzu === {{Fb cs header}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Babban koci |s=Óscar Belis}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Mataimakin koci |s=Pol Grau}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Kocin masu tsaron gida |s=Albert Castillo}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Kocin motsa jiki |s=Irene del Río}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Likitan motsa jiki |s=Eugenia De Muga}} {{Fb cs footer|u=27 March 2022|s=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/formativo-femenino/noticias|date=March 2022}} === Canje-canjen 'yan wasa === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shekara !! width=600px|Masu shigowa !! width=600px|Masu fita |- | 2014 || GK: M. Alemany ''(UE L'Estartit)'' <br /> DF: A. Rovirola ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', A. Cortés ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', O. Batlle ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> MF: J. Mas ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', A. Bonmatí ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', S. Hernández ''(Sant Gabriel)'', C. Armengol ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> FW: A. Arboix ''(L'Estartit)'', I. Uribe ''(Sant Gabriel C)''|| GK: N. Vizcaíno ''(Sant Gabriel B)'', A. Moreno ''(Santa Teresa)''<ref>{{cite web|title=Santa Teresa signs goalkeeper Alba Moreno|url=http://www.hoy.es/deportes/futbol/201407/14/santa-teresa-ficha-portera-20140714004309-v.html|website=Hoy|date=14 July 2014 |access-date=14 July 2014}}</ref> <br /> DF: C. Moyano ''(Espanyol B)'', M. Gama ''(ta yi ritaya)'', X. Royo ''(Seagull)'' <br /> MF: Q. Torradeflot ''(UE Vic)'', M. Turmo ''(Sant Gabriel)'', C. García ''(Sant Gabriel)'', J. Fernández ''(Bristol Academy)'' <br /> FW: J. Rivero ''(UE Vic)'', G. Sala ''(Levante Las Planas)'' |- | 2015 || GK: K.A. Schmidt ''(Saint Mary's Gaels)'', I. Martínez ''(Sant Gabriel B)'', G. Font ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> DF: B. Pujadas ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', H. Barco ''(Espanyol Juvenil A)'', L. Aleixandri ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> MF: L. Martínez ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', P. Fernández ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> FW: E. Benítez ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', L. Muñoz ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)''|| GK: M. Alemany ''(Monroe Mustangs)''<br /> DF: A. Cortés ''(ta yi ritaya)'', Q. Gómez ''(Igualada)'' <br /> MF: J. Mas ''(Espanyol B)'' <br /> FW: A. Arboix ''(Girona)'', A. Aparicio ''(Little Rock Trojans)'', C. Puiggrós ''(L'Estartit)'' |- | 2016 || GK: A. Giménez ''(Espanyol)'' <br /> DF: A. Torrodà ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', B. Bou ''(L'Estartit)'' <br /> MF: T. Morató ''(ENFAF)'', S. Ismael ''(Espanyol B)'', S. Hernández ''(L'Estartit)'' <br /> FW: M. Benedicto ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', C. Andújar ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', A. Martínez ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' || GK: K.A. Schmidt ''(Levante Las Planas)''<br /> DF: N. Garrote ''(Espanyol)'' <br /> MF: A. Bonmatí ''(an ɗaga zuwa babbar ƙungiya)'', N. Martínez ''(Logroño)'', S. Hernández ''(an ɗaga zuwa babbar ƙungiya)'', A. Falcón ''(Atlético M.)'', P. Garrote ''(Espanyol)'', E. Benítez ''(Espanyol B)'' <br /> FW: I. Uribe ''(Seagull)'' |- | 2017 || DF: J. Viñas ''(Espanyol B)'', L. Codina ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> MF: A. Esteve ''(Espanyol Juvenil A)'', P. Gutiérrez ''(Espanyol Juvenil A)'' <br /> FW: S. Extremera ''(Espanyol Juvenil A)'', C. Pina ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', A. Marín ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)''|| GK: I. Martínez ''(Sevilla)'' <br /> DF: A. Rovirola ''(Santa Teresa)'', B. Pujadas ''(Espanyol)'', O. Batlle ''(Madrid CFF)'', L. Aleixandri ''(Atlético M.)'' <br /> MF: P. Fernández ''(Málaga)'' <br /> FW: M. Benedicto ''(Espanyol B)'', A. Martínez ''(Espanyol B)'' |- | 2018 || GK: G. López ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', P. Argelaguet ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> DF: J. Fernández ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> MF: C. Martínez ''(Seagull)'', L. Linares ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', M. Vilarrasa ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', Z. Flores ''(Seagull)'' <br /> FW: B. Vilamala ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' || GK: A. Giménez ''(ta yi ritaya)'' <br /> DF: S. Extremera ''(Espanyol B)'', J. Viñas ''(EFM Lanzarote)'' <br /> MF: L. Martínez ''(Zaragoza CFF)'', S. Hernández ''(Fundación Albacete B)'', A. Torrodà ''(Espanyol)'' <br /> FW: A. Marín ''(Espanyol)'', L. Muñoz ''(Monroe Mustangs)'' |- | 2019 || GK: M. Muñoz ''(Mercantil)'', L. Coronado ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> DF: A. Fernández ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', J. Mora ''(Espanyol B)'', E. Ramírez ''(Espanyol B)'' <br /> MF: A. Mingueza ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> FW: V. Adrianova ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', A. Aparicio ''(Little Rock Trojans)'' || GK: G. López ''(CE Europa)'', P. Argelaguet ''(ta yi ritaya)'' <br /> MF: L. Linares ''(Iowa Western Reivers)'', M. Vilarrasa ''(Levante Las Planas)''<ref>{{cite web |title=The new Barça B, facing the challenge |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/noticias/1328289/el-nuevo-barca-b-ante-el-reto |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=FC Barcelona |access-date=26 April 2022}}</ref> |- | 2020 || GK: L. García ''(Seagull)'' <br /> DF: M. Fernandez ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', C. Rodriguez ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', E.Laborde ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', M. Molina ''(Espanyol B)'' <br /> MF: A. Caño ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', M. Pérez ''(DAMM)'', M. Llopis ''(Espanyol B)'', J. Bartel ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> FW: C. Riumalló ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', P. Lopez ''(Levante Las Planas)'', O. Vignola ''(Málaga)'', O. Baradad ''(SE AEM)'', G. Queiroz ''(Madrid CFF)''<ref>{{cite web |title=The FCB Femení B, to be renewed |url=https://www.lapinainformativa.es/el-fcb-femeni-b-a-renovarse/ |website=lapinainformativa.es |date=3 July 2020 |publisher=La Piña Informativa |access-date=3 July 2020}}</ref> || GK: G. Font ''(an ɗaga zuwa babbar ƙungiya)'' <br /> DF: A. Fernández ''(James Madison University)'', H. Barco ''(ta yi ritaya)'',<ref>{{cite web |title=Goodbye, Helena Barco! (2015-2020) |url=https://www.lapinainformativa.es/adios-helena-barco-2015-2020/ |website=lapinainformativa.es |date=15 June 2020 |publisher=La Piña Informativa |access-date=26 April 2022}}</ref> L. Codina ''(an ɗaga zuwa babbar ƙungiya)''<ref>{{cite web |title=Laia Codina, Jana Fernández and Bruna Vilamala already have a number in the first team |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/femenino/20200905/483323411550/laia-codina-jana-fernandez-y-bruna-vilamala-ya-tienen-dorsal-con-el-primer-equipo.html |website=mundodeportivo.com |date=5 September 2020 |access-date=5 September 2020}}</ref> <br /> MF: C. Martínez ''(CF Pallejà)'', Z. Flores ''(Rayo Vallecano)'', P. Gutiérrez ''(Madrid CFF)'', A. Esteve ''(Eibar)''<ref>{{cite web |title=Goodbye, Aida Esteve! (2017-2020) |url=https://www.lapinainformativa.es/adios-aida-esteve-2017-2020/ |website=lapinainformativa.es |date=29 June 2020 |publisher=La Piña Informativa |access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref> <br /> FW: T. Morató ''(Rayo Vallecano)'', A. Aparicio ''(Eibar)'', C. Pina ''(an ba da aro zuwa Sevilla)''<ref>{{cite web |title=Claudia Pina, will play on loan at Sevilla Femenino in the 2020/21 season |url=https://www.lapinainformativa.es/claudia-pina-jugara-cedida-en-el-sevilla-femenino-la-temporada-2020-21/ |website=lapinainformativa.es |date=20 July 2020 |publisher=La Piña Informativa |access-date=20 July 2020}}</ref>, C. Armengol ''(an ba da aro zuwa Sevilla)''<ref>{{cite web |title=Carla Armengol, will play on loan at Sevilla Femenino in the 2020/21 season |url=https://www.lapinainformativa.es/carla-armengol-jugara-cedida-en-el-sevilla-femenino-la-temporada-2020-21/ |website=lapinainformativa.es |date=20 July 2020 |publisher=La Piña Informativa |access-date=20 July 2020}}</ref>, C. Andújar ''(an ba da aro zuwa Valencia)''<ref>{{cite web |title=Candela Andújar, will play on loan at Valencia Femenino in the 2020/21 season |url=https://www.lapinainformativa.es/candela-andujar-jugara-cedida-en-el-valencia-femenino-la-temporada-2020-21/ |website=lapinainformativa.es |date=13 July 2020 |publisher=La Piña Informativa |access-date=13 July 2020}}</ref> |- | 2021 || GK: M. Font ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br /> DF: B. Doltra ''(Girona)'' <br /> FW: L. Corrales ''(Atlético Baleares)'', R. Garcia ''(UD Collerense)''|| GK: L. García ''(Levante Las Planas)'' <br /> DF: J. Fernández ''(an ɗaga zuwa babbar ƙungiya)'', E. Ramírez ''(an ba da aro zuwa Real Sociedad)'',<ref>{{cite web |title=Emma Ramírez, transferred to Real Sociedad |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/2201501/emma-ramirez-cedida-a-la-real-sociedad |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=FC Barcelona |access-date=26 April 2022}}</ref> J. Mora ''(Levante Las Planas)'' <br /> FW: B. Vilamala ''(an ɗaga zuwa babbar ƙungiya)'', G. Queiroz ''(an ba da aro zuwa Levante)''<ref>{{cite web |title=Gio Queiroz reinforces the Levante |url=https://as.com/futbol/2021/08/12/femenino/1628786663_340865.html |website=as.com |date=12 August 2021 |access-date=12 August 2021}}</ref> |- | 2022 || MF: V. López ''(Madrid CFF)'' <br /> FW: A. Arias ''(Real Madrid)'' || MF: O. Vignola ''(an ba da aro zuwa Sevilla)'' <br /> FW: G. Queiroz ''(Arsenal)'' |- | 2023 || MF: G. Dragoni ''(Inter Milan)'' || MF: O. Vignola ''(an ba da aro zuwa Alavés; an koma da ita zuwa Granada)'', M. Pérez ''(an ɗaga zuwa babbar ƙungiya)'', A. Mingueza ''(Granada)'' <br /> FW: E. Laborde ''(an ba da aro zuwa Alavés; an koma da ita zuwa Madrid CFF)'' |- | 2024 || MF: S. Schertenleib ''(Grasshopper Club Zürich)'' <br /> FW: L. Arufe ''(Victoria CF)'' || MF: J. Bartel ''(Chelsea)'', G. Dragoni ''(an ba da aro zuwa AS Roma)''<br /> FW: A. Arias ''(VfL Wolfsburg)'', L. Corrales ''(an ba da aro zuwa Sevilla)'' |- |2025 |GK: R. Romano ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' <br />DF: D. Martínez ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', N. Jiménez ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', C. Julià ''(Levante Badalona B)'', E. Szymczak ''(an dawo daga aro daga Liverpool)''<br />MF: E. Gálvez ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', C. Ferrera ''(Tenerife B)''<ref>{{cite web |title=El FC Barcelona ha incorporat la jugadora Carolina Ferrera|url=https://x.com/FCBfemeni/status/2017269071033823574 |website=FC Barcelona X |date=30 January 2026 |access-date=31 January 2026}}</ref><br />FW: L. Arufe ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'', K. Azraf ''(an ɗaga daga ƙungiyar matasa)'' |GK: M. Muñoz ''(Espanyol)''<br />DF: A. Cámara ''(an ɗaga zuwa babbar ƙungiya)'', E. Szymczak ''(an ba da aro zuwa Liverpool)'', J. Pujols ''(Wolfsburg)'', L. Martín ''(Villarreal)''<br /> MF: E. Martín ''(Valencia)'', C. Serrajordi ''(an ɗaga zuwa babbar ƙungiya)'', S. Schertenleib ''(an ɗaga zuwa babbar ƙungiya)'', W. Araśniewicz ''(an ba da aro zuwa Wolfsburg)'', O. Gamero ''(Bay FC)''<br /> FW: O. Baradad ''(Espanyol)'', L. Corrales ''(London City Lionesses)'', Noa Ortega ''(Atlético Madrid)'' |- |2026 |GK: K. Cissé ''(Kentucky Wildcats)'' <br />DF: J. Torres ''(Sevilla)''<br />MF: J. Lamp ''(Nordsjælland)''<ref>{{cite web |title=Josephine Lamp joins Barça B|url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/4555188/josephine-lamp-joins-barca-b |website=FC Barcelona |date=6 August 2026 |access-date=19 September 2026}}</ref><br />FW: L. Pennock ''(Twente)'', N. Nielsen ''(Fortuna Hjørring)'', G. Galli ''(Roma)'' |GK: <br />DF: <br /> MF: <br /> FW: |} == Kaka zuwa kaka == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size: 95%;" |- style="color:white; background:#A2A2D0;" | width=80 | '''Kaka''' | width=170 | '''Rukuni''' | width=30 | '''Mataki''' | width=50 | '''Matsayi''' | width=30 | '''Wasanni''' | width=30 | '''Nasara''' | width=30 | '''Canjaras''' | width=30 | '''Rashin nasara''' | width=30 | '''Kwallayen da aka ci''' | width=30 | '''Kwallayen da aka zura''' | width=30 | '''Bambancin kwallaye''' | width=30 | '''Maki''' | width=130 | '''Koci''' |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2003-04 |Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol Femenino|1ª Catalonia |bgcolor=#CC8899|3 | bgcolor=gold|'''1.º''' [[File:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px|Hawan matsayi]] || - || - || - || - || - || - || - || - || Ramon Torne<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=12 August 2004 |page=45 |url=https://platform-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/HawkEye/document/2018/08/23/9923fef0-5396-42fa-b6db-5d3e63494e55/ES_2003-04.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2003-04 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |2004-05<ref>{{cite web |title=Primera Nacional - Group III (2004-05) |url=http://arquero-arba.futbolme.net/Femenino/2004-05/0405-n3.htm |website=arquero-arba.futbolme.net |access-date=8 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | 7.º || 26 || 10 || 4 || 12 || 48 || 48 || 0 || '''34''' || Ramon Torne<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=20 July 2005 |page=54 |url=https://platform-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/HawkEye/document/2018/08/23/4972be5d-553e-45c3-a4e6-c4cf4d01a1f5/ES_2004-05.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2004-05 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2005-06<ref>{{cite web |title=Primera Nacional - Group III (2005-06) |url=http://arquero-arba.futbolme.net/Femenino/2005-06/0506-n3.htm |website=arquero-arba.futbolme.net |access-date=8 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | 8.º || 26 || 9 || 5 || 12 || 62 || 41 || 19 || '''32''' || Ramon Torne<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=25 July 2006 |page=52 |url=https://platform-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/HawkEye/document/2018/08/23/75f7c750-36f6-44d1-9c88-278634e13dab/ES_2005-06.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2005-06 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |2006-07<ref>{{cite web |title=Primera Nacional - Group III (2006-07) |url=http://arquero-arba.futbolme.net/Femenino/2006-07/0607-n3.htm |website=arquero-arba.futbolme.net |access-date=8 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | 6.º [[File:Red Arrow Down.svg|10px|Saukar matsayi]]{{efn|Duk da samun isassun maki da za su ba su damar ci gaba da kasancewa a gasar, dole ne su koma gasar yankin saboda saukar babbar ƙungiyar zuwa matakin ƙasa}} || 26 || 11 || 5 || 10 || 42 || 44 || -2 || '''38''' || Joaquim Querol<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=26 July 2007 |page=61 |url=https://platform-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/HawkEye/document/2018/08/23/a4826870-ff62-42c5-bd96-ede0146cb154/ES_2006-07.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2006-07 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2007-08<ref>{{cite web |title=Primera Nacional - Group III (2007-08) |url=http://arquero-arba.futbolme.net/Femenino/Catalunya/2007-08/0708-1-1.htm |website=arquero-arba.futbolme.net |access-date=8 May 2022}}</ref> |Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol Femenino|1ª Catalonia |bgcolor=#CC8899|3 | bgcolor=gold|'''1.º''' [[File:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px|Hawan matsayi]] || 26 || 24 || 6 || 0 || 101 || 20 || +81 || '''78''' || Joaquim Querol<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=2 July 2008 |page=26 |url=https://platform-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/HawkEye/document/2018/08/23/c10bc9e6-7c2d-4db7-af83-2c10091f3f2a/ES_2007-08.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2007-08 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |2008-09<ref>{{cite web |title=Primera Nacional - Group III (2008-09) |url=http://arquero-arba.futbolme.net/Femenino/2008-09/0809-n3.htm |website=arquero-arba.futbolme.net |access-date=8 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | 10.º || 26 || 9 || 6 || 11 || 53 || 41 || +12 || '''33''' || Joaquim Querol<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=30 June 2009 |page=35 |url=https://platform-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/HawkEye/document/2018/08/23/cf8e21dc-9dec-41df-8343-fc7b2b590285/ES_2008-09.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2008-09 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2009-10<ref>{{cite web |title=Primera Nacional - Group III (2009-10) |url=http://arquero-arba.futbolme.net/Femenino/2009-10/0910-n3.htm |website=arquero-arba.futbolme.net |access-date=8 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | bgcolor=#CC8899|3.º || 26 || 19 || 1 || 6 || 95 || 32 || +63 || '''58''' || Joaquim Querol<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=22 September 2010 |page=35 |url=https://platform-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/HawkEye/document/2018/08/23/816c660b-2d4b-42e4-b84c-4580d9f33e12/ES_2009-10.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2009-10 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |2010-11<ref>{{cite web |title=Primera Nacional - Group III (2010-11) |url=http://arquero-arba.futbolme.net/Femenino/2010-11/1011-n3.htm |website=arquero-arba.futbolme.net |access-date=8 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | 5.º || 26 || 11 || 8 || 7 || 56 || 39 || +17 || '''41''' || Joaquim Querol<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=26 July 2011 |page=36 |url=https://platform-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/HawkEye/document/2018/08/23/ce0af260-3697-4e22-b601-2bdfd237fee7/ES_2010-11.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2010-11 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2011-12<ref>{{cite web |title=Primera Nacional - Group III (2011-12) |url=http://arquero-arba.futbolme.net/Femenino/2010-11/1011-n3.htm |website=arquero-arba.futbolme.net |access-date=8 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | 4.º || 26 || 15 || 4 || 7 || 51 || 32 || +19 || '''49''' || Joaquim Querol<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=11 July 2012 |page=39 |url=https://platform-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/HawkEye/document/2018/08/23/8300c84c-8508-476b-8c03-2d8ac4e5597a/ES_2011-12.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2011-12 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |2012-13<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División - Group III (2012-13) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=952 |website=txapeldunak.com |access-date=9 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | 5.º || 26 || 13 || 7 || 6 || 59 || 49 || +10 || '''46''' || Joaquim Querol<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=22 July 2013 |page=34 |url=https://issuu.com/fcbarcelona_cat/docs/memoria_club_12_13_castellano_baixa |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2012-13 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2013-14<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División - Group III (2013-14) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=1160 |website=txapeldunak.com |access-date=9 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | 7.º || 26 || 10 || 5 || 11 || 39 || 31 || +8 || '''35''' || Jordi Ventura<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=21 October 2014 |page=37 |url=https://issuu.com/fc_barcelona/docs/report_fc_barcelona_club_english_20 |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2013-14 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=English |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228000648/https://issuu.com/fc_barcelona/docs/report_fc_barcelona_club_english_20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |2014-15<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División - Group III (2014-15) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=1356 |website=txapeldunak.com |access-date=9 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | bgcolor=silver|2.º || 26 || 19 || 6 || 1 || 77 || 12 || +65 || '''63''' || Jordi Ventura<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=13 July 2015 |page=41 |url=https://platform-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/HawkEye/document/2018/08/23/7393804b-8cd4-451e-9671-25d1703da62e/ES_2014-15.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2014-15 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2015-16<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División - Group III (2015-16) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=1546 |website=txapeldunak.com |access-date=9 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | bgcolor=gold| '''1.º''' || 26 || 23 || 3 || 0 || 104 || 11 || +93 || '''72''' || Zoe García<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=October 2016 |page=41 |url=https://fcbarcelona-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/fcbarcelona/document/2018/03/20/686ee0da-4651-437e-b99e-a861d9365049/Annual-Report-2015-16.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2015-16 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=English }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |2016-17<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División - Group III (2016-17) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=1788 |website=txapeldunak.com |access-date=9 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | bgcolor=gold| '''1.º''' || 26 || 19 || 3 || 4 || 79 || 23 || +56 || '''60''' || Zoe García<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=October 2017 |page=40 |url=https://fcbarcelona-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/fcbarcelona/document/2018/03/20/efe48c07-b819-43f7-8afa-9ce2a0129045/Annual-Report-2016-17.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2016-17 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=English }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2017-18<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División - Group III (2017-18) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=1975 |website=txapeldunak.com |access-date=9 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | bgcolor=gold| '''1.º'''{{efn|Ƙungiyar ba ta samu damar shiga wasannin neman gurbin ɗagawa zuwa mataki na gaba ba duk da lashe gasar har sau uku a jere, saboda a matsayinta na ƙungiyar ajiya dole ne ta kasance aƙalla mataki ɗaya ƙasa da babbar ƙungiyar FC Barcelona Femení}} || 26 || 20 || 3 || 3 || 81 || 17 || +64 || '''63''' || Jordi Ventura<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=October 2018 |page=42 |url=https://fcbarcelona-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/fcbarcelona/document/2019/01/09/a7e30fb3-19e4-4bb6-8a78-1b957bb25065/MEMORIA_CLUB_2017_18_CAS-opti.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2017-18 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=Spanish }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |2018-19<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División - Group III (2018-19) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=2174 |website=txapeldunak.com |access-date=9 May 2022}}</ref> |Primera Nacional de Fútbol|2ª Rukuni na III |bgcolor=silver|2 | bgcolor=#CC8899|3.º [[File:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px|Hawan matsayi]]{{efn|An ɗaga ƙungiyar zuwa sabon mataki na biyu na ƙwallon ƙafar mata na Spain, Segunda División Pro}} || 26 || 16 || 5 || 5 || 72 || 26 || +46 || '''53''' || Jordi Ventura<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=October 2019 |page=40 |url=https://fcbarcelona-static-files.s3.amazonaws.com/fcbarcelona/document/2019/10/06/fde3ba62-cd0a-446a-950c-3c8a297a5897/MEMORIA_CLUB_2018_19_ENG.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2018-19 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=English }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2019-20<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División Pro - Grupo North (2019-20) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=2360 |website=txapeldunak.com |access-date=9 May 2022}}</ref> |Segunda División Pro|2ªPro Rukunin Arewa |bgcolor=silver|2 | bgcolor=#CC8899|3.º || 22 || 14 || 3 || 5 || 61 || 28 || +33 || '''45''' || Jordi Ventura<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=July 2020 |page=42 |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/fcbarcelona/document/2021/06/20/db2e986a-d39c-4472-bee6-91627d0cf0ab/Libro-Memoria_ANG_compressed.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2019-20 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=English }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF | rowspan="2" |2020-21 |Segunda División Pro|2ªPro Rukunin Arewa "B"<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División Pro - Grupo North "B" (2020-21) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=2464 |website=txapeldunak.com |access-date=9 May 2022}}</ref> |rowspan="2" bgcolor=silver|2 | 3.º || 16 || 7 || 5 || 4 || 30 || 19 || +11 || '''26''' || rowspan="2" |Miguel Llorente<ref>{{cite journal |author1=FC Barcelona Communication Department |date=October 2021 |page=42 |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/fcbarcelona/document/2021/10/17/aefc9921-bf56-406c-ae05-3581e1de2a12/MEM_CLUB_2020_21_ENG.pdf |access-date=8 May 2022 |title=FC Barcelona's Annual Report 2020-21 |publisher=FC Barcelona |location=Barcelona |language=English }}</ref> |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |Segunda División Pro|2ªPro Rukunin Arewa "C"<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División Pro - Grupo North "C" (2020-21) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=2527 |website=txapeldunak.com |access-date=9 May 2022}}</ref> | 4.º || 24 || 12 || 5 || 7 || 47 || 26 || +21 || '''41''' |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |'''2021-22'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Segunda División Pro - Grupo North (2021-22) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion.asp?id=2570 |website=txapeldunak.com |publisher=Txapeldunak |access-date=10 May 2022}}</ref> |Segunda División Pro|2ªPro Rukunin Arewa |bgcolor=silver|2 | 6° || 27 || 15 || 3 || 9 || 46 || 27 || +19 || '''48''' || Óscar Belis<ref>{{cite web |title=Barça B Marches Forward |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.es/es/futbol/femenino-a/noticias/2205858/el-barca-b-se-pone-en-marcha |website=fcbarcelona.com |publisher=FC Barcelona |access-date=10 May 2022}}</ref> |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2022-23<ref>{{cite web |title=1ª RFEF Femenina (2022/2023) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion-clasificacion.asp?id=2798 |website=txapeldunak.com |publisher=Txapeldunak |access-date=24 April 2023}}</ref> |Primera Federación|1ª RFEF |bgcolor=silver|2 | bgcolor=gold| '''1°'''{{efn|name=LeagueWon|Ba a ɗaga ƙungiyar zuwa mataki na gaba ba duk da lashe gasar, saboda dole ne ta kasance aƙalla mataki ɗaya ƙasa da babbar ƙungiyar FC Barcelona Femení}} || 30 || 18 || 5 || 7 || 58 || 31 || +27 || '''59''' || Óscar Belis |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |2023-24<ref>{{cite web |title=1ª RFEF Femenina (2023/2024) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion-clasificacion.asp?id=3984 |website=txapeldunak.com |publisher=Txapeldunak |access-date=27 April 2024}}</ref> |Primera Federación|1ª RFEF |bgcolor=silver|2 | bgcolor=gold| '''1°'''{{efn|name=LeagueWon}} || 26 || 18 || 4 || 4 || 55 || 17 || +38 || '''58''' || Óscar Belis |- bgcolor=#EFEFEF |2024-25 |Primera Federación|1ª RFEF |bgcolor=silver|2 | 8° || 26 || 10 || 8 || 8 || 42 || 35 || +7 || '''38''' || Óscar Belis |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF |2025-26<ref>{{cite web |title=1ª RFEF Femenina (2025/2026) |url=https://www.txapeldunak.com/cas/futbol_femenino/competicion-clasificacion.asp?id=4439 |website=txapeldunak.com |publisher=Txapeldunak |access-date=5 May 2025}}</ref> |Primera Federación|1ª RFEF |bgcolor=silver|2 | bgcolor=gold| '''1°'''{{efn|name=LeagueWon}} || 26 || 18 || 4 || 4 || 67 || 26 || +41 || '''58''' || Óscar Belis |- bgcolor=#FFFFFF | colspan="13" |<small>''An sabunta bayanan ƙarshe a ranar 2 ga Mayu 2026''</small> |} {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} 3lp09w8drvcidnje9t68sywsw2yegvs 0 177671 961753 960974 2026-10-02T06:57:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Art Pulaski shugaba ne na ma'aikata a [[California]]. Tun daga shekara ta 1996, Pulaski ya yi gini a matsayin Babban Sakataren Baitulmalin da Babban Jami'in Tarayyar Ma'aikata ta California, <ref>{{Cite web |title=California Labor Federation |url=http://www.californialabor.org |access-date=2026-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304124718/http://www.californialabor.org/ |archive-date=2010-03-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref> wanda ke wakiltar ma'aikata miliyan 2.3 na [[Masana'anta|masana'antu]], sabis, gine-gine da ƙungiyoyin jama'a 1,200. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Babban Sakataren Majalisar Aiki ta San Mateo a California daga 1984 zuwa 1996. <ref>{{Cite web |title=10.02.96 - News Briefs |url=http://berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/1996/1002/briefs.html}}</ref> Ayyukan Pulaski a cikin aikin da aka tsara ya fara ne a [[Connecticut]] yana da shekaru 16, a matsayin magatakarda a cikin babban kanti, lokacin da ya shiga ƙungiyar Amalgamated Meat Cutters. Pulaski tana da Digiri na farko daga Jami'ar Jihar Kudancin Connecticut da ke New Haven, da kuma digiri na biyu a cikin Ƙungiyar al'umma a Jami'ar Minnesota . <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2004 |title=CALIFORNIA LABOR FEDERATION / On the Record: Art Pulaski |url=https://www.sfgate.com/business/ontherecord/article/CALIFORNIA-LABOR-FEDERATION-On-the-Record-Art-2688463.php}}</ref> Da farko a cikin aikinsa, Pulaski ya gina hadin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyoyin ƙungiyoyi da ƙungiyoyin al'umma don sake fasalin manufofin makamashi da kare masu ritaya, kuma ya taimaka wajen gina ƙawancen ƙawancen ƙungiyoyi tsakanin ƙungiyoyi, ƙungiyoyin al-umma da ƙungiyoyin bangaskiya don kamfen ɗin sake fasalin da yawa. A shekara ta 2003, ya jagoranci kirkirar Stand for California Coalition, <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2003 |title=Davis Backers Widen Effort |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-jun-26-me-recall26-story.html |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> ƙungiyar Kungiyoyin kwadago, Ƙungiyoyin addini, ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama da abubuwan kasuwanci. Ya kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban Apollo Alliance, hadin gwiwar kasa don makamashi mai tsabta da ayyukan da suka fi kyau.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.e2.org/ext/doc/20040203CATreasurer-PR-GreenWaveLaunch.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718074416/http://www.e2.org/ext/doc/20040203CATreasurer-PR-GreenWaveLaunch.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-18 |access-date=2009-12-30}}</ref> A karkashin jagorancin Pulaski, nasarorin da Tarayyar Ma'aikata ta California ta samu sun hada da maido da albashi na yau da kullun, [1] kara mafi ƙarancin albashi, [2] kara fa'idodi ga ma'aikatan da suka ji rauni da marasa aikin yi, [3] samar da damar tattaunawa ga daruruwan dubban ma'aikatan bangaren gwamnati, da kuma wuce dokar farko ta kasa ta biya Family Leave.[4] A shekara ta 2010, Tarayyar ta jagoranci yakin neman zabe don tabbatar da cewa kowane dan jam'iyyar Democrat na California a Majalisa ya kada kuri'a don amincewa da dokar sake fasalin kiwon lafiya ta tarayya. Pulaski ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da yawa, gami da Gidauniyar Ayyuka ta California <ref>{{Cite web |title=California Health Care Coalition |url=http://chccnet.org/board.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090430182906/http://www.chccnet.org/board.htm |archive-date=2009-04-30 |access-date=2009-12-30}}</ref> da kuma Aikin Ayyuka don Iyalai Masu Aiki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Board of Directors &#124; Labor Project for Working Families |url=http://www.working-families.org/about/board.html}}</ref> A matsayinsa na shugaban "We Do the Work," ya taimaka wajen kirkirar jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na [[PBS]] na wannan sunan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2004 |title=California Labor Federation / On the Record: Art Pulaski |url=https://www.sfgate.com/business/ontherecord/article/CALIFORNIA-LABOR-FEDERATION-On-the-Record-Art-2688463.php}}</ref> Ya kafa PalCare, cibiyar Kula da yara da ke ba da sabis ga iyalai na ma'aikata a Filin jirgin saman San Francisco. Pulaski ya yi aiki a bangarorin gwamna da yawa da kwamitocin kan ci gaban tattalin arziki, ci gaban ma'aikata da ilimi mafi girma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=University of California - UC Newsroom &#124; Gould launches Commission on the Future of UC |url=http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/21526/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091018084152/http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/21526/ |archive-date=2009-10-18 |access-date=2009-12-30}}</ref> Pulaski ya jagoranci ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta California a cikin sabbin dabarun ayyukan siyasa da Ci gaban tattalin arziki. Tun lokacin da ya hau mulki a California Labor Federation a 1996 ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta ninka fiye da ninki biyu. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] j2boq472px2xu3pr906xttopi5v4zyq 0 177673 961397 960979 2026-10-01T13:12:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Clement Balanoff, Jr.''' ɗan siyasan Amurka ne kuma darektan siyasa na ƙasa na Ƙungiyar Amalgamated Transit Union . Ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Democrat na Majalisar Wakilai ta Illinois daga 1989 zuwa 1995. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haife shi a ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 1953, a Birnin Chicago ga dangin da ke aiki da siyasa. Mahaifinsa Clem Balanoff, Sr. ya kasance fitaccen mai shirya ƙungiyar kwadago kuma mahaifiyarsa Miriam Balanoff za ta zama alƙali na kotun da'ira. A cikin 1981, Clem ya koma California na tsawon shekaru biyar, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin dan majalisa Matthew Martínez kuma daga baya dan majalisa Esteban Torres . Ya koma Illinois don ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da yanki na 10, wanda ke da alhakin karɓar shara da sauran ayyukan birni.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Klemens |first=Michael D. |date=January 15, 1989 |title=Lawmakers' Class of '88: One Bona Fide Surprise |url=http://www.lib.niu.edu/1989/ii890119.html |access-date=December 25, 2017 |website=Illinois Issues |publisher=[[Sangamon State University]] |pages=19–21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108044613/http://www.lib.niu.edu/1989/ii890119.html |archive-date=November 8, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Shekara guda bayan haka lokacin da Ed Vrdolyak ya sauya sheka zuwa [[Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)|Jam'iyyar Republican]], Balanoff ya zama Kwamitin Democrat na yanki na 10. A shekara ta 1988, ya kayar da Sam Panayotovich, wanda ya sauya sheka zuwa Jam'iyyar Republican tare da Vrdolyak . [1] A shekara ta 1991, ya gudu don Alderman a fagen abokan adawar goma da John Buchanan ya rasa, wanda a baya ya yi aiki a cikin rawar a cikin shekarun 1960 da 1970. A shekara ta 1994, ya kasance daya daga cikin 'yan takara biyar da suka yi takara a zaben fidda gwani na Democrat don samun nasarar ritaya George Sangmeister. Frank Giglio, ɗan'uwansa na gidan Illinois, ya lashe zaben fidda gwani na Democrat. Jerry Weller ya kayar da Giglio a babban zaben. A shekara ta 1996, Balanoff ya kasance abokin hamayyar Weller wanda ya rasa kashi uku cikin dari. Ya binciki sakewa a shekarar 1998, amma ya zaɓi ya gudu don zama a kan Kwamitin Bincike na Cook County a maimakon haka kafin ya fita kafin zaben fidda gwani.[2] Ayyukansa bayan zabe sun haɗa da mukamai a matsayin Shugaban Ma'aikata ga Clerk na Cook County, mai dabarun kamfen ɗin magajin gari na Chuy García da kuma darektan jihar Illinois na kamfen ɗin shugaban kasa na Sanata Bernie Sanders . A taron Jam'iyyar Democrat na 2016 Balanoff ya karanta jimlar kuri'un da Sanata Sanders ya yi a Illinois. Ya zuwa watan Agustan 2017, Balanoff shine babban darakta na babi na Illinois na Juyin Juya Halinmu; kungiyar da ke goyon bayan Sanders. Balanoff ya yi aiki a matsayin co-shugaban yakin neman zabe na Ameya Pawar don Ma'aikatar Baitulmalin Birnin Chicago a zaben birni na 2019 kuma ya yi aiki ne a matsayin manajan yakin neman zabe wanda bai yi nasara ba na Abdelnasser Rashid don zaben Democrat na gundumar Cook County ta 1 . Ya zuwa 2020, Balanoff shine darektan siyasa na kasa na Amalgamated Transit Union . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1953]] ibhnm2g9lq3v5qjjw2ry0vqa8ydh1sg 0 177721 961544 961320 2026-10-01T19:51:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 961544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''diocese na Bauchi''' (Latin: ) yanki ne na Ikilisiyar Latin ko diocese na [[Cocin katolika|Cocin Katolika]] a Arewacin [[Najeriya]] . yana da diocese a cikin lardin Ikklisiya na Archdiocese na Jos a ciki, duk da haka ya dogara da Ikilisiyar Roman mai wa'azi don Bishara na Al'umma. Cocinsa shine Cocin St. John Evangelist, wanda ke cikin bishop na [[Bauchi (birni)|Bauchi]] a [[Bauchi (jiha)|Jihar Bauchi]]. == Tarihi == * An kafa shi a ranar 5 ga Yulin 1996 a matsayin Vicariate na Apostolic na Bauchi, a yankin da ya rabu da Metropolitan, Archdiocese na Jos * An inganta shi a ranar 31 ga Disamba 2003 a matsayin '''Diocese na Bauchi''' / Bauchian (mu) (Latin adjective) == Kididdiga == Ya zuwa shekara ta ², ya yi wa Katolika 79,000 hidima (1.2% na 6,742,000 duka) a kan 66,102 km2 a cikin Ikklisiya 23 da kuma manufa 1 tare da firistoci 39 (34 diocesan, 5 addini), 18 masu addini (9 'yan'uwa mata) da 13 seminarists.&nbsp; == Masu al'ada na Episcopal == ; ''Vicar Apostolic na Bauchi'' * John Moore, Society of African Missions (S.M.A.) (an haife shi Ireland) (5 ga Yuli 1996 - 31 ga Disamba 2003 ''duba ƙasa''), Titular Bishop of Gigthi (1996.07.05 - 2003.12.12) ; ''Bishops na Bauchi'' * [[John Moore (bishop na Bauchi)|John Moore]], S.M.A. (''duba sama'' Disamba 31, 2003 - mutuwa 20 Janairu 2010) * Malachy John Goltok (18 Maris 2011 - mutu 21 Maris 2015) * Bishop-zaɓaɓɓen Hilary Nanman Dachelem, Claretians (C.M.F.) (31 Mayu 2017 - ...), babu prelature na baya. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin diocese na Katolika a Najeriya * [[Cocin Katolika a Najeriya|Roman Katolika a Najeriya]] == Tushen da haɗin waje == * [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/bauc1.htm GCatholic.org - bayanai ga dukkan sassan] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140306073333/http://www.bauchidiocese.org/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na Diocese na Bauchi] An adana shi 2014-03-06 a * [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dshnd.html Shugabannin Katolika] l3jtp4t1b3iedzc74xxy6i929hxrovs 0 177739 961503 961369 2026-10-01T18:16:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 Pharouqenr moved page [[Tarihin aikin jarida a Najeriya]] to [[Draft:Tarihin aikin jarida a Najeriya]] 961369 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarihin aikin jarida a Najeriya ya samo asali ne tun ƙarni na 19, lokacin da aka fara kafa jaridu a yankunan da daga baya suka zama Najeriya. Aikin jarida ya taka rawa wajen yaɗa labarai da bayanai, ilimantar da jama'a, bayyana ra'ayoyin al'umma da kuma tattauna al'amuran siyasa da zamantakewa. Farkon aikin jarida Tarihin aikin jarida na zamani a Najeriya ya fara ne a shekarar 1859, lokacin da Reverend Henry Townsend, wani mishan daga Scotland, ya kafa jaridar Iwe Irohin fun Awon Egba ati Yoruba a Abeokuta. Jaridar ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin jaridun farko da aka kafa a yankin da ake kira Najeriya a yau. An yi amfani da harshen Yarbanci wajen buga wasu sassan jaridar, sannan aka riƙa amfani da Turanci. Daga cikin abubuwan da jaridar ta fi mayar da hankali a kansu akwai ilimi, addini, al'amuran zamantakewa da labaran abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya. An daina buga Iwe Irohin a shekarar 1867. Bayyanar wasu jaridu Bayan Iwe Irohin, wasu jaridu suka fara bayyana a Legas da sauran yankunan ƙasar. Daga cikin jaridun farko da suka bayyana akwai: * Lagos Times — 1880 * Lagos Observer — 1882 * Lagos Standard — 1900 * Nigerian Chronicle — 1917 * The Nigerian Pioneer — 1914 Ci gaban waɗannan jaridu ya ƙara samar da wata kafa ta tattaunawa kan harkokin mulki, kasuwanci da zamantakewa. Aikin jarida da kishin ƙasa A farkon ƙarni na 20, aikin jarida ya fara haɗuwa sosai da harkokin siyasa da fafutukar neman ƙarin 'yancin 'yan Najeriya. Wasu masu aikin jarida da masu wallafa jaridu sun yi amfani da kafafen yaɗa labarai wajen bayyana matsalolin tsarin mulkin mallaka da kuma neman ƙarin wakilcin 'yan Najeriya a harkokin gwamnati. Daga cikin mutanen da suka taka rawa a wannan zamani akwai Herbert Macaulay, wanda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu fafutukar siyasar ƙasa kuma ya yi amfani da aikin jarida wajen bayyana ra'ayoyinsa. West African Pilot A shekarar 1937, Nnamdi Azikiwe ya kafa jaridar West African Pilot. Jaridar ta zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun jaridun siyasa a lokacin mulkin mallaka. Ta yi amfani da labarai da sharhi wajen yaɗa ra'ayoyin kishin ƙasa da kuma sukar wasu manufofin gwamnatin mulkin mallaka. West African Pilot ta kuma taimaka wajen yaɗa ra'ayoyin ƙungiyoyin siyasa da fafutukar neman 'yancin kai. Jaridu da fafutukar neman 'yancin kai A shekarun da suka gabaci samun 'yancin kai, jaridu sun kasance muhimmiyar hanyar sadarwa tsakanin masu fafutukar siyasa da jama'a. 'Yan jarida da masu wallafa jaridu sun riƙa: * yaɗa bayanai kan harkokin siyasa; * bayyana ra'ayoyin jama'a; * sukar wasu manufofin mulkin mallaka; * wayar da kan jama'a game da harkokin gwamnati; * tallafa wa tattaunawar siyasa da neman 'yancin kai. Wasu daga cikin mutanen da suka shiga aikin jarida ko wallafa jaridu a wannan zamani daga baya sun zama fitattun shugabannin siyasa. Aikin jarida bayan samun 'yancin kai Bayan Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai a 1 Oktoba 1960, kafafen watsa labarai suka ci gaba da faɗaɗa. Jaridu masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati sun ci gaba da samar da labarai da sharhi kan siyasa, tattalin arziki, ilimi, al'adu da sauran harkokin ƙasa. A lokaci guda kuma, rediyo da talabijin suka ƙara zama muhimman hanyoyin yaɗa labarai ga jama'a. Rediyo An fara tsarin watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo a Najeriya tun shekarun 1930, ta hanyar Radio Distribution Service (RDS). Daga baya aka samu Nigerian Broadcasting Service (NBS), sannan aka kafa Nigerian Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) a shekarar 1959. A shekarar 1978, aka kafa Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN), wadda ta ci gaba da kula da aikin rediyo na tarayya. Rediyo ta taimaka wajen isar da labarai da shirye-shiryen ilimi, al'adu, wasanni da nishaɗi ga jama'a, musamman a yankunan da karatun jaridu bai yi yawa ba. Talabijin A shekarar 1959, aka kafa Western Nigeria Television (WNTV) a Ibadan. An san ta a matsayin tashar talabijin ta farko a Afirka. Bayan haka, talabijin ta yaɗu zuwa wasu sassan Najeriya. A shekarar 1977, aka kafa Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) domin gudanar da tsarin talabijin na ƙasa. Talabijin ta ƙara faɗaɗa damar jama'a wajen samun labarai da shirye-shiryen nishaɗi, ilimi da al'adu. Aikin jarida a lokacin mulkin soja A lokutan da Najeriya ta kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin soja, kafafen yaɗa labarai sun fuskanci dokoki da ƙuntatawa daban-daban. Wasu jaridu da mujallu sun yi ta bayyana ra'ayoyi kan harkokin gwamnati da siyasa, yayin da wasu lokuta hukumomi suka sanya takunkumi kan wasu wallafe-wallafe. Duk da waɗannan ƙalubale, aikin jarida ya ci gaba da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da ake amfani da su wajen tattauna al'amuran ƙasa. Bayyanar kafafen watsa labarai masu zaman kansu A shekarun 1990, tsarin watsa shirye-shirye a Najeriya ya fara samun ƙarin buɗewa ga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. A shekarar 1992, aka kafa National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) domin tsara harkokin watsa shirye-shirye, ciki har da bayar da lasisi da sa ido kan gidajen rediyo da talabijin. Daga baya aka samu ƙarin gidajen rediyo da talabijin masu zaman kansu a sassa daban-daban na ƙasar. Aikin jarida a zamanin intanet Zuwan intanet ya kawo babban sauyi a aikin jarida a Najeriya. Jaridu sun fara kafa shafukan yanar gizo, yayin da gidajen rediyo da talabijin suka fara amfani da intanet wajen watsa shirye-shirye da labarai. Kafafen sada zumunta kamar Facebook, X, YouTube da Instagram sun kuma zama hanyoyin da ake amfani da su wajen yaɗa labarai da muhawara. Wannan ya sauya yadda masu karanta labarai ke samun bayanai, domin yanzu ana iya samun labari cikin ɗan lokaci bayan faruwar wani abu. Aikin jarida na zamani A yau, aikin jarida a Najeriya ya ƙunshi jaridu, mujallu, rediyo, talabijin, shafukan yanar gizo da kafafen sada zumunta. Wasu 'yan jarida suna aiki a kafafen watsa labarai na gargajiya, yayin da wasu ke aiki a kafafen watsa labarai na intanet. Haka kuma, wasu kafafen watsa labarai suna haɗa rubutaccen labari da bidiyo, sauti da bayanan hoto domin isa ga masu sauraro daban-daban. Ci gaban fasahar wayoyin hannu da intanet ya ƙara sauƙaƙa yadda ake samarwa da rarraba labarai, amma ya kuma ƙara muhimmancin tantance sahihancin bayanai da kuma bambance labarai na gaskiya da bayanan ƙarya. Tasirin aikin jarida a Najeriya A tsawon tarihinsa, aikin jarida ya taka rawa a fannoni da dama na rayuwar Najeriya, ciki har da: * yaɗa labarai da bayanai; * ilimantar da jama'a; * wayar da kan al'umma; * tattauna harkokin siyasa; * adana tarihin abubuwan da suka faru; * yaɗa al'adu da harsuna; * ba jama'a damar bayyana ra'ayoyinsu. Duba kuma * Aikin jarida * Kafofin watsa labarai a Najeriya * Tarihin rediyo a Najeriya * Tarihin talabijin a Najeriya * Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria * Nigerian Television Authority * National Broadcasting Commission ==Manazarta== * Encyclopaedia Britannica — bayanai kan tarihin Najeriya da kafafen watsa labarai. * Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria — tarihin rediyo a Najeriya. * Nigerian Television Authority — tarihin talabijin a Najeriya. * National Broadcasting Commission — tarihin da tsarin watsa shirye-shirye a Najeriya. * National Archives of Nigeria — bayanan tarihin Najeriya da lokacin mulkin mallaka. rveb3fb7lx1803ezwpef7gjubpszeua 961507 961503 2026-10-01T18:16:51Z Pharouqenr 25549 961507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}} Tarihin aikin jarida a Najeriya ya samo asali ne tun ƙarni na 19, lokacin da aka fara kafa jaridu a yankunan da daga baya suka zama Najeriya. Aikin jarida ya taka rawa wajen yaɗa labarai da bayanai, ilimantar da jama'a, bayyana ra'ayoyin al'umma da kuma tattauna al'amuran siyasa da zamantakewa. Farkon aikin jarida Tarihin aikin jarida na zamani a Najeriya ya fara ne a shekarar 1859, lokacin da Reverend Henry Townsend, wani mishan daga Scotland, ya kafa jaridar Iwe Irohin fun Awon Egba ati Yoruba a Abeokuta. Jaridar ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin jaridun farko da aka kafa a yankin da ake kira Najeriya a yau. An yi amfani da harshen Yarbanci wajen buga wasu sassan jaridar, sannan aka riƙa amfani da Turanci. Daga cikin abubuwan da jaridar ta fi mayar da hankali a kansu akwai ilimi, addini, al'amuran zamantakewa da labaran abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya. An daina buga Iwe Irohin a shekarar 1867. Bayyanar wasu jaridu Bayan Iwe Irohin, wasu jaridu suka fara bayyana a Legas da sauran yankunan ƙasar. Daga cikin jaridun farko da suka bayyana akwai: * Lagos Times — 1880 * Lagos Observer — 1882 * Lagos Standard — 1900 * Nigerian Chronicle — 1917 * The Nigerian Pioneer — 1914 Ci gaban waɗannan jaridu ya ƙara samar da wata kafa ta tattaunawa kan harkokin mulki, kasuwanci da zamantakewa. Aikin jarida da kishin ƙasa A farkon ƙarni na 20, aikin jarida ya fara haɗuwa sosai da harkokin siyasa da fafutukar neman ƙarin 'yancin 'yan Najeriya. Wasu masu aikin jarida da masu wallafa jaridu sun yi amfani da kafafen yaɗa labarai wajen bayyana matsalolin tsarin mulkin mallaka da kuma neman ƙarin wakilcin 'yan Najeriya a harkokin gwamnati. Daga cikin mutanen da suka taka rawa a wannan zamani akwai Herbert Macaulay, wanda ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu fafutukar siyasar ƙasa kuma ya yi amfani da aikin jarida wajen bayyana ra'ayoyinsa. West African Pilot A shekarar 1937, Nnamdi Azikiwe ya kafa jaridar West African Pilot. Jaridar ta zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun jaridun siyasa a lokacin mulkin mallaka. Ta yi amfani da labarai da sharhi wajen yaɗa ra'ayoyin kishin ƙasa da kuma sukar wasu manufofin gwamnatin mulkin mallaka. West African Pilot ta kuma taimaka wajen yaɗa ra'ayoyin ƙungiyoyin siyasa da fafutukar neman 'yancin kai. Jaridu da fafutukar neman 'yancin kai A shekarun da suka gabaci samun 'yancin kai, jaridu sun kasance muhimmiyar hanyar sadarwa tsakanin masu fafutukar siyasa da jama'a. 'Yan jarida da masu wallafa jaridu sun riƙa: * yaɗa bayanai kan harkokin siyasa; * bayyana ra'ayoyin jama'a; * sukar wasu manufofin mulkin mallaka; * wayar da kan jama'a game da harkokin gwamnati; * tallafa wa tattaunawar siyasa da neman 'yancin kai. Wasu daga cikin mutanen da suka shiga aikin jarida ko wallafa jaridu a wannan zamani daga baya sun zama fitattun shugabannin siyasa. Aikin jarida bayan samun 'yancin kai Bayan Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kai a 1 Oktoba 1960, kafafen watsa labarai suka ci gaba da faɗaɗa. Jaridu masu zaman kansu da na gwamnati sun ci gaba da samar da labarai da sharhi kan siyasa, tattalin arziki, ilimi, al'adu da sauran harkokin ƙasa. A lokaci guda kuma, rediyo da talabijin suka ƙara zama muhimman hanyoyin yaɗa labarai ga jama'a. Rediyo An fara tsarin watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo a Najeriya tun shekarun 1930, ta hanyar Radio Distribution Service (RDS). Daga baya aka samu Nigerian Broadcasting Service (NBS), sannan aka kafa Nigerian Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) a shekarar 1959. A shekarar 1978, aka kafa Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN), wadda ta ci gaba da kula da aikin rediyo na tarayya. Rediyo ta taimaka wajen isar da labarai da shirye-shiryen ilimi, al'adu, wasanni da nishaɗi ga jama'a, musamman a yankunan da karatun jaridu bai yi yawa ba. Talabijin A shekarar 1959, aka kafa Western Nigeria Television (WNTV) a Ibadan. An san ta a matsayin tashar talabijin ta farko a Afirka. Bayan haka, talabijin ta yaɗu zuwa wasu sassan Najeriya. A shekarar 1977, aka kafa Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) domin gudanar da tsarin talabijin na ƙasa. Talabijin ta ƙara faɗaɗa damar jama'a wajen samun labarai da shirye-shiryen nishaɗi, ilimi da al'adu. Aikin jarida a lokacin mulkin soja A lokutan da Najeriya ta kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin soja, kafafen yaɗa labarai sun fuskanci dokoki da ƙuntatawa daban-daban. Wasu jaridu da mujallu sun yi ta bayyana ra'ayoyi kan harkokin gwamnati da siyasa, yayin da wasu lokuta hukumomi suka sanya takunkumi kan wasu wallafe-wallafe. Duk da waɗannan ƙalubale, aikin jarida ya ci gaba da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da ake amfani da su wajen tattauna al'amuran ƙasa. Bayyanar kafafen watsa labarai masu zaman kansu A shekarun 1990, tsarin watsa shirye-shirye a Najeriya ya fara samun ƙarin buɗewa ga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. A shekarar 1992, aka kafa National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) domin tsara harkokin watsa shirye-shirye, ciki har da bayar da lasisi da sa ido kan gidajen rediyo da talabijin. Daga baya aka samu ƙarin gidajen rediyo da talabijin masu zaman kansu a sassa daban-daban na ƙasar. Aikin jarida a zamanin intanet Zuwan intanet ya kawo babban sauyi a aikin jarida a Najeriya. Jaridu sun fara kafa shafukan yanar gizo, yayin da gidajen rediyo da talabijin suka fara amfani da intanet wajen watsa shirye-shirye da labarai. Kafafen sada zumunta kamar Facebook, X, YouTube da Instagram sun kuma zama hanyoyin da ake amfani da su wajen yaɗa labarai da muhawara. Wannan ya sauya yadda masu karanta labarai ke samun bayanai, domin yanzu ana iya samun labari cikin ɗan lokaci bayan faruwar wani abu. Aikin jarida na zamani A yau, aikin jarida a Najeriya ya ƙunshi jaridu, mujallu, rediyo, talabijin, shafukan yanar gizo da kafafen sada zumunta. Wasu 'yan jarida suna aiki a kafafen watsa labarai na gargajiya, yayin da wasu ke aiki a kafafen watsa labarai na intanet. Haka kuma, wasu kafafen watsa labarai suna haɗa rubutaccen labari da bidiyo, sauti da bayanan hoto domin isa ga masu sauraro daban-daban. Ci gaban fasahar wayoyin hannu da intanet ya ƙara sauƙaƙa yadda ake samarwa da rarraba labarai, amma ya kuma ƙara muhimmancin tantance sahihancin bayanai da kuma bambance labarai na gaskiya da bayanan ƙarya. Tasirin aikin jarida a Najeriya A tsawon tarihinsa, aikin jarida ya taka rawa a fannoni da dama na rayuwar Najeriya, ciki har da: * yaɗa labarai da bayanai; * ilimantar da jama'a; * wayar da kan al'umma; * tattauna harkokin siyasa; * adana tarihin abubuwan da suka faru; * yaɗa al'adu da harsuna; * ba jama'a damar bayyana ra'ayoyinsu. Duba kuma * Aikin jarida * Kafofin watsa labarai a Najeriya * Tarihin rediyo a Najeriya * Tarihin talabijin a Najeriya * Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria * Nigerian Television Authority * National Broadcasting Commission ==Manazarta== * Encyclopaedia Britannica — bayanai kan tarihin Najeriya da kafafen watsa labarai. * Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria — tarihin rediyo a Najeriya. * Nigerian Television Authority — tarihin talabijin a Najeriya. * National Broadcasting Commission — tarihin da tsarin watsa shirye-shirye a Najeriya. * National Archives of Nigeria — bayanan tarihin Najeriya da lokacin mulkin mallaka. 1j06dzf4bu55s4tn9ad42u1o4daoib8 0 177741 961389 961376 2026-10-01T12:50:06Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Karɓar mulkin Najeriya */ 961389 wikitext text/x-wiki A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993, Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} pp9pz1np4m6l00wf1s21zz57e3r4c3q 961390 961389 2026-10-01T12:50:36Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}} A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993, Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} q9xnrf02zc8n088ptggihbqoyhk1ldm 961393 961390 2026-10-01T12:57:12Z Uncle Bash007 9891 Uncle Bash007 moved page [[Karɓar mulkin Najeriya]] to [[Ku na 1993 a Najeriya]] 961390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}} A ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993, Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} q9xnrf02zc8n088ptggihbqoyhk1ldm 961399 961393 2026-10-01T13:20:12Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993, yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} bs9nuw6gbdzerex70hrbd1689x15sst 961400 961399 2026-10-01T13:20:56Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 3ucb27c8ri4t6x5xl89dwm5zdkmy0t4 961401 961400 2026-10-01T13:21:22Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Hujja}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 4a4m1h7dk4saeo7rwxyeozdvexkt9ko 961402 961401 2026-10-01T13:21:41Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961402 wikitext text/x-wiki Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} fmcvlgu4zhxloa70yyqjooywz1p2hmb 961429 961402 2026-10-01T15:46:58Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961429 wikitext text/x-wiki Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} k38eb7g6p3bfvvmjmnhkm0ksz9rp21k 961430 961429 2026-10-01T15:49:07Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961430 wikitext text/x-wiki Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa, bayan abunda ya faru na soken zaben Shugaban Kasa na 12 June 1993 da Babanguida ya yi. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 919nc354ko3ikpr8q6d79hh87idk0ml 961431 961430 2026-10-01T15:49:55Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961431 wikitext text/x-wiki Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa, bayan abunda ya faru na soken [[Zaben shugaban kasa na Najeriya na 1993]] da Babanguida ya yi. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 4anzvfja0iklgy7s8qpfuh7smcx2q5b 961434 961431 2026-10-01T15:56:40Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961434 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa, bayan abunda ya faru na soken [[Zaben shugaban kasa na Najeriya na 1993]] da Babanguida ya yi. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 827jip94zudn7ls0kpoqj2y475q4qym 961436 961434 2026-10-01T15:58:46Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa, bayan abunda ya faru na soken [[Zaben shugaban kasa na Najeriya na 1993]] da Babanguida ya yi. Ya faru ne a sanadiyyar sauyi daga mulkin soja zuwa mulkin farar hula wanda tsohon shugaban kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]] ya jagoranta. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 6tuovxxtuf69l406mmrrlr2o4jxjug7 961441 961436 2026-10-01T16:04:45Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa, bayan abunda ya faru na soken [[Zaben shugaban kasa na Najeriya na 1993]] da Babanguida ya yi. Ya faru ne a sanadiyyar sauyi daga mulkin soja zuwa mulkin farar hula wanda tsohon shugaban kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida]] ya jagoranta. Duk da haka gwamnatin soja ta soke sakamakon zaben, suna nuna alamun magudin zaben, a yayin da bayanai da ba na gwamnati ba suke nuna alamun nasara ga [[Moshood Abiola]] na jam'iyyar [[Jam'iyyar SDP|Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party]] a kan abokin adawar sa [[Bashir Tofa]] na [[Jam'iyyar National Republican Convention]]. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} i1vyr1xvttoupvs3dgtzmbetpdkaoa8 961442 961441 2026-10-01T16:08:00Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa, bayan abunda ya faru na soken [[Zaben shugaban kasa na Najeriya na 1993]] da Babanguida ya yi. A wata sanarwa na duka kasa bayan ku din, Abacha ya nuna tsayawa waje-daya-tak na gwamnatin Shonekan, da kuma rashin iya kulawa da cigaban dimukradiyya a kasan a matsayin dalilin ajiye aikin sa. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} cxru031u5ddzrlu5m3yvaj29phl21ga 961443 961442 2026-10-01T16:10:06Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961443 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa, bayan abunda ya faru na soken [[Zaben shugaban kasa na Najeriya na 1993]] da Babanguida ya yi. A wata sanarwa na duka kasa bayan ku din, Abacha ya nuna tsayawa waje-daya-tak na gwamnatin Shonekan, da kuma rashin iya kulawa da cigaban dimukradiyya a kasan a matsayin dalilin ajiye aikin sa. A cikin watan Satumban 1994, Abacha fitar da wata doka da ta daura gwamnatinsa a saman dokar kotuna, wanda ya mallaka masa cikakken iko. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} jm6get6tflk4pme3zy4352jt4caelf8 961444 961443 2026-10-01T16:10:48Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961444 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa, bayan abunda ya faru na soken [[Zaben shugaban kasa na Najeriya na 1993]] da Babanguida ya yi. A wata sanarwa na duka kasa bayan ku din, Abacha ya nuna tsayawa waje-daya-tak na gwamnatin Shonekan, da kuma rashin iya kulawa da cigaban dimukradiyya a kasan a matsayin dalilin ajiye aikin sa. A cikin watan Satumban 1994, Abacha fitar da wata doka da ta daura gwamnatinsa a saman dokar kotuna, wanda ya mallaka masa cikakken iko. Wata dokar ta bashi daman tsare kowaye na tsawon watanni uku. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 2rin8zrjccpi4jv4qz3ni542djsfn55 961445 961444 2026-10-01T16:11:05Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961445 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa, bayan abunda ya faru na soken [[Zaben shugaban kasa na Najeriya na 1993]] da Babanguida ya yi. A wata sanarwa na duka kasa bayan ku din, Abacha ya nuna tsayawa waje-daya-tak na gwamnatin Shonekan, da kuma rashin iya kulawa da cigaban dimukradiyya a kasan a matsayin dalilin ajiye aikin sa. A cikin watan Satumban 1994, Abacha fitar da wata doka da ta daura gwamnatinsa a saman dokar kotuna, wanda ya mallaka masa cikakken iko. Wata dokar ta bashi daman tsare kowaye na tsawon watanni uku.<ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 1994 |title=Nigerian Military Ruler Assumes Absolute Power |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/09/07/world/nigerian-military-ruler-assumes-absolute-power.html |work=AP |via=The New York Times}}</ref> {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 6hbu7mk4klcw9lk255j0jv4a149mw84 961446 961445 2026-10-01T16:12:00Z Uncle Bash007 9891 961446 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ku na 1993 ya kasance ku na sojoji wanda ba'a zubar da jini ba wanda ya faru a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 1993 |title=Nigerian Military Leader Ousts Interim President |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/18/world/nigerian-military-leader-ousts-interim-president.html |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> yayin da Sojojin Najeriya, a karkashin jagorancin Ministan Tsaro Janar [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya daga hannun [[Ernest Shonekan]], wanda a lokacin yake jagorantar [[Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi (Najeriya)|Gwamnatin Ƙasa ta Wucin Gadi]]. Shonekan ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa, sannan Abacha ya zama shugaban ƙasar soja.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Nigeria's Third Republic: The Problems and Prospects of Political Transition to Civil Rule.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CcXAqV4Ho04C|publisher=Nova Publishers|date=1998-01-01|isbn=9781560725800|language=en|first=Bamidele A.|last=Ojo}}</ref> Shonekan ya fara aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa na rikon-kwarya, wanda ya maye gurbin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] a matsayin shugaban Kasa, bayan abunda ya faru na soken [[Zaben shugaban kasa na Najeriya na 1993]] da Babanguida ya yi. A wata sanarwa na duka kasa bayan ku din, Abacha ya nuna tsayawa waje-daya-tak na gwamnatin Shonekan, da kuma rashin iya kulawa da cigaban dimukradiyya a kasan a matsayin dalilin ajiye aikin sa. A cikin watan Satumban 1994, Abacha fitar da wata doka da ta daura gwamnatinsa a saman dokar kotuna, wanda ya mallaka masa cikakken iko. Wata dokar ta bashi daman tsare kowaye na tsawon watanni uku.<ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 1994 |title=Nigerian Military Ruler Assumes Absolute Power |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/09/07/world/nigerian-military-ruler-assumes-absolute-power.html |work=AP |via=The New York Times}}</ref> Abacha ya zauna a mulki har zuwa mutuwarsa a ranar 8 June 1998. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} lj0fjykldskux19qowfrpv0lwd9u7qe 0 177743 961387 2026-10-01T12:42:14Z HK RIGASA2 28228 Sabuwar mukala 961387 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cif Anthony Eromosele Enahoro''' (22 ga Yuli 1923 – 15 ga Disamba 2010) ɗan siyasar Najeriya ne, ɗan jarida kuma ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu fafutukar neman mulkin kai da ’yancin Najeriya daga mulkin mallakar Birtaniya. An san shi da rawar da ya taka wajen fafutukar samun mulkin kai ga Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da aikin jarida == An haifi Anthony Enahoro a ranar 22 ga Yuli 1923 a [[Uromi]], a yankin da daga baya ya zama Jihar Edo. Ya fara aikin jarida tun yana matashi. A shekarar 1944, Enahoro ya zama editan jaridar ''Southern Nigerian Defender'' ta [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]], yana da shekaru 21. Wannan ya sa ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin editocin jaridu mafi ƙanƙanta shekaru a Najeriya a wancan lokaci. Daga baya ya yi aiki a wasu jaridu, ciki har da ''West African Pilot'' da ''Morning Star'', inda ya yi amfani da aikin jarida wajen bayyana ra'ayoyinsa kan mulkin mallaka da makomar Najeriya. == Fafutukar neman mulkin kai == Enahoro ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu fafutukar neman samun mulkin kai ga Najeriya. A ranar 31 ga Maris 1953, ya gabatar da ƙuduri a Majalisar Wakilan Tarayya na neman a ba Najeriya mulkin kai a shekarar 1956. Ƙudurin ya haifar da muhawara mai ƙarfi a siyasar Najeriya a wancan lokaci. Ko da yake ba a amince da ƙudurin ba, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin muhimman matakai a gwagwarmayar neman mulkin kai da ’yancin Najeriya. Saboda rawar da ya taka a wannan fafutuka, Enahoro ya kasance cikin fitattun masu kishin ƙasa da suka yi tasiri a tafiyar da Najeriya zuwa samun ’yancin kai a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1960. == Harkokin siyasa == Enahoro ya shiga harkokin siyasa tun yana matashi kuma ya riƙe muƙamai daban-daban a siyasar Najeriya. Ya kuma kasance ɗan majalisar tarayya kuma ya riƙe muƙamin Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida na Yankin Yamma. A tsawon rayuwarsa, ya ci gaba da fafutukar ganin an samu dimokraɗiyya da kyakkyawan tsarin mulki a Najeriya. == Rasuwarsa == Anthony Enahoro ya rasu a ranar 15 ga Disamba 2010 a Benin City, yana da shekaru 87. == Duba kuma == * [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Mulkin mallakar Birtaniya a Najeriya]] * [[’Yancin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://anthonyenahoro.org/ Anthony Enahoro Foundation] * [https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/enahoro-chief-anthony/ Tarihin Anthony Enahoro – Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation] 17vemwd85iqlhpos3ve7tvh3vtsirpy 961528 961387 2026-10-01T18:40:13Z Pharouqenr 25549 Redirected page to [[Anthony Enahoro]] 961528 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Anthony Enahoro]] brh2osqf0da57b9pxj7oodsblwz5aev 3 177744 961391 2026-10-01T12:54:05Z Uncle Bash007 9891 /* Barka, Sannu da kokari */ sabon sashe 961391 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka, Sannu da kokari == Barka da warhaka kuma sannu da kokari da fatan zaka cigaba da bada gudummawa a wannan shafinmu na Hausa Wikipedia. [[Karɓar mulkin Najeriya]] wannan mukalar da ka kirkira babu hujja (reference) ko daya. A ka'idar Wikipedia duk mukalar da babu reference ko daya goge ta ake yi. Saboda haka idan ka kirkiri mukala ka tabbata ka saka hujja wato reference ko guda daya ne. Bissala. [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller>>]] 12:54, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) qi51k7zn39v57bssw674r0heaf8jwje 961502 961391 2026-10-01T18:15:48Z Pharouqenr 25549 /* Gyara da inganta Mukala */ sabon sashe 961502 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka, Sannu da kokari == Barka da warhaka kuma sannu da kokari da fatan zaka cigaba da bada gudummawa a wannan shafinmu na Hausa Wikipedia. [[Karɓar mulkin Najeriya]] wannan mukalar da ka kirkira babu hujja (reference) ko daya. A ka'idar Wikipedia duk mukalar da babu reference ko daya goge ta ake yi. Saboda haka idan ka kirkiri mukala ka tabbata ka saka hujja wato reference ko guda daya ne. Bissala. [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller>>]] 12:54, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) == Gyara da inganta Mukala == Barka da aiki @[[User:HK RIGASA2|HK RIGASA2]] tabbas ina jinjina maka akan gyararrakin da kakeyi, sedai wannan mukalar ta [https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tarihin_aikin_jarida_a_Najeriya&veaction=edit Tarihin aikin jarida] naga bata da manazarta ko daya, nayi kokarin bincika ta a Wikipedia ta turanci amma ban samo ta ba. Saboda haka zan meda ta a draft kafin ka saka mata hujjoji. Sannan mukalunka na baya bayan nan mafi yawanci akwaisu a hausa, ka tabbatar babu mukala kafin kirkirar wata. Bissalam[[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 18:15, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 2ng36ml77ieqyly340as4aki3h4jt6r 0 177745 961392 2026-10-01T12:55:20Z HK RIGASA2 28228 Sabuwar mukala 961392 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti''' (25 Oktoba 1900 – 13 Afrilu 1978) ’yar ƙasar Najeriya ce, malamar makaranta, ’yar siyasa kuma mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata da ’yancin Najeriya. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mata masu fafutukar neman ’yancin Najeriya daga mulkin mallakar Birtaniya. Ta kuma kasance jagorar [[Abeokuta Women's Union]]. An haife ta da suna '''Frances Abigail Olufunmilayo Thomas''' a [[Abeokuta]], a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 1900. Daga baya ta yi amfani da sunan Funmilayo. Ta yi karatu a [[Abeokuta Grammar School]] sannan ta tafi Ingila domin ƙara ilimi. Bayan ta dawo Najeriya, ta fara koyarwa. == Fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata == A shekarun 1930 zuwa 1940, Ransome-Kuti ta fara koyar da mata karatun rubutu da karatu. Daga baya ta kafa ƙungiyar mata wadda ta samo asali daga Abeokuta Ladies' Club, kuma a shekarar 1946 aka sake tsara ta a matsayin '''Abeokuta Women's Union''' (AWU). Ƙungiyar ta yi fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata, musamman wajen adawa da harajin da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta kakaba wa mata da kuma wasu manufofin tsarin mulkin mallaka. Ransome-Kuti ta jagoranci dubban mata wajen gudanar da zanga-zanga da rubuta koke-koke ga hukumomi. A shekarun 1947 da 1948, zanga-zangar mata a Abeokuta ta ƙaru. A ƙarshe, an dakatar da harajin da aka kakaba wa mata, sannan aka kawo sauye-sauye a tsarin gudanar da mulkin yankin. Waɗannan fafutuka sun ƙara mata suna a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun shugabannin mata a Najeriya. == Harkokin siyasa == Ransome-Kuti ta shiga harkokin siyasa kuma ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin [[National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons]] (NCNC). A shekarar 1948, ta kasance mace ɗaya tilo daga cikin mambobin 28 na [[Abeokuta Provincial Conference]], wanda ya yi aiki kan sabon kundin tsarin mulki. A shekarar 1951 ta tsaya takarar kujerar majalisar dokoki a Egba Division, amma ba ta samu nasara ba. A shekarar 1952 kuma aka zaɓe ta a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar duniya ta [[Women's International Democratic Federation]]. Ta ci gaba da fafutukar neman ’yancin Najeriya da haƙƙin mata, tare da yin adawa da wariya da zalunci a cikin gida da wajen Najeriya. == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == A shekarar 1965, gwamnatin Najeriya ta ba Ransome-Kuti lambar girmamawa ta '''Order of Niger''' saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga ƙasa. A shekarar 1968 kuma [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] ta ba ta digirin girmamawa na Doctor of Laws. == Iyali == Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti ta auri Reverend [[Israel Oludotun Ransome-Kuti]]. Ɗaya daga cikin ’ya’yansu shi ne shahararren mawaƙin Najeriya '''[[Fela Kuti]]''', wanda ya yi suna wajen amfani da waƙoƙinsa wajen sukar gwamnati da mulkin soja. == Rikici da gwamnatin soja == A shekarun baya na rayuwarta, Ransome-Kuti ta ci gaba da bayyana ra'ayoyinta kan mulkin soja da kuma dimokraɗiyya. A shekarar 1977, lokacin da sojoji suka kai hari gidan ɗanta Fela Kuti da ke Lagos, Ransome-Kuti tana cikin gidan. A yayin harin, an jefa ta daga tagar bene na biyu, lamarin da ya jawo mata mummunan rauni. Daga baya ta kamu da bugun jini kuma ba ta sake samun cikakkiyar lafiya ba. == Mutuwa == Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti ta rasu a ranar 13 ga Afrilu 1978 a Abeokuta, tana da shekaru 77. An yi jana'izarta a ranar 5 ga Mayu 1978, inda dubban mutane suka halarta. == Duba kuma == * [[Fela Kuti]] * [[Abeokuta Women's Union]] * [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Mata a Najeriya]] * [[Mulkin mallakar Birtaniya a Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} e221r6pvg3l872gsgx04vnknxogk07o 0 177746 961394 2026-10-01T12:57:12Z Uncle Bash007 9891 Uncle Bash007 moved page [[Karɓar mulkin Najeriya]] to [[Ku na 1993 a Najeriya]] 961394 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Ku na 1993 a Najeriya]] lp4o847cizid1q634x1x7pho2z3karp 0 177747 961405 2026-10-01T13:39:07Z Wayit 45027 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376812491|Emília Dias]]" 961405 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> Emília Dias Haifuwa 1972(Shekarau 53-54) Yar kasan Angola Sana'a Siyasa '''Emília Carlota Sebastião Celestino Dias''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1972) 'yar siyasa ce kuma malama a Angola. Ta kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin [[Angola]] tun shekara ta 2008. A shekara ta 2026, an zabe ta babban sakatare na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Angola . == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Emília Carlota Dias a Lardin Namibe na Angola a shekara 1972. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Emilia Carlota Sebastião Celestino Dias |url=https://parlamento.ao/ |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=Assembleia Nacional |language=pt}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2026-02-27 |title=Emília Carlota Dias é a quarta secretária-geral da OMA |url=https://luandapost.com/emilia-carlota-dias-e-a-quarta-secretaria-geral-da-oma/ |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=LuandaPost |language=pt}}</ref> Ta fara aikinta na siyasa a cikin shekarun 1980 a matsayin memba na kungiyoyin matasa daban-daban, gami da kungiyar Agostinho Neto Pioneer Organization da Matasan MPLA . <ref name=":2" /> Tana da digiri na farko a fannin ilimi, ƙwararre a tarihi, kuma a baya ta koyar a Makarantar Horar da Kwararru a Fasaha da Kwarewa a Lardin Namibe . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Emilia Carlota Sebastião Celestino Dias |url=https://parlamento.ao/ |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=Assembleia Nacional |language=pt}}</ref> An kuma nada ta a matsayin shugabar sashi na Cibiyar Nazarin Yara ta Angola . <ref name=":3" /> A shekara ta 2008, an zabi Dias a Majalisar Dokokin Angola a matsayin memba na jam'iyyar [[MPLA]] mai mulki, wanda ke wakiltar mazabar zabe ta kasa.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> An sake zabar ta a shekarar 2012, 2017, da 2022.<ref name=":2" /> A shekara ta 2010, ta yi aiki a Majalisar Tsarin Mulki wacce ta sake rubuta Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Angola, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin masu sanya hannu kan takardar.<ref name=":2" /> A shekarar ta 2026, an zabe ta babban sakatare na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Angola, ta gaji [[Joana Tomás]] . <ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-03-01 |title=Carlota Dias eleita secretária-geral da Organização da Mulher Angolana |url=https://jornaldeangola.ao/noticias/1/pol%C3%ADtica/670606/carlota-dias-eleita-secret%C3%A1ria-geral-da-organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o-da-mulher-angolana- |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=Jornal de Angola |language=pt}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a kwamitin tsakiya na kungiyar tun shekara ta 2005. A duk locachin da ta yi aiki, Dias ta yi kira ga karfafa mata, gami da goyon baya ga mata na karkara da kuma hada mata a cikin hanyoyin yanke shawra.<ref name=":2" /> == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] iifons428fee3eo80w5jb1iyd6ydrp1 961473 961405 2026-10-01T17:53:19Z Wayit 45027 961473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> Emília Dias Haifuwa 1972(Shekarau 53-54) Yar kasan Angola Sana'a Siyasa '''Emília Carlota Sebastião Celestino Dias''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1972) 'yar siyasa ce kuma malama a Angola. Ta kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin [[Angola]] tun shekara ta 2008. A shekara ta 2026, an zabe ta babban sakatare na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Angola . == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Emília Carlota Dias a Lardin Namibe na Angola a shekara 1972. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Emilia Carlota Sebastião Celestino Dias |url=https://parlamento.ao/ |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=Assembleia Nacional |language=pt}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2026-02-27 |title=Emília Carlota Dias é a quarta secretária-geral da OMA |url=https://luandapost.com/emilia-carlota-dias-e-a-quarta-secretaria-geral-da-oma/ |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=LuandaPost |language=pt}}</ref> Ta fara aikinta na siyasa a cikin shekarun 1980 a matsayin memba na kungiyoyin matasa daban-daban, gami da kungiyar Agostinho Neto Pioneer Organization da Matasan MPLA . <ref name=":2" /> Tana da digiri na farko a fannin ilimi, ƙwararre a tarihi, kuma a baya ta koyar a Makarantar Horar da Kwararru a Fasaha da Kwarewa a Lardin Namibe . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Emilia Carlota Sebastião Celestino Dias |url=https://parlamento.ao/ |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=Assembleia Nacional |language=pt}}</ref> An kuma nada ta a matsayin shugabar sashi na Cibiyar Nazarin Yara ta Angola . <ref name=":3" /> A shekara ta 2008, an zabi Dias a Majalisar Dokokin Angola a matsayin memba na jam'iyyar [[MPLA]] mai mulki, wanda ke wakiltar mazabar zabe ta kasa.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> An sake zabar ta a shekarar 2012, 2017, da 2022.<ref name=":2" /> A shekara ta 2010, ta yi aiki a Majalisar Tsarin Mulki wacce ta sake rubuta Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Angola, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin masu sanya hannu kan takardar.<ref name=":2" /> A shekarar ta 2026, an zabe ta babban sakatare na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Angola, ta gaji [[Joana Tomás]] . <ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-03-01 |title=Carlota Dias eleita secretária-geral da Organização da Mulher Angolana |url=https://jornaldeangola.ao/noticias/1/pol%C3%ADtica/670606/carlota-dias-eleita-secret%C3%A1ria-geral-da-organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o-da-mulher-angolana- |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=Jornal de Angola |language=pt}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a kwamitin tsakiya na kungiyar tun shekara ta 2005. A duk locachin da ta yi aiki, Dias ta yi kira ga karfafa mata, gami da goyon baya ga mata na karkara da kuma hada mata a cikin hanyoyin yanke shawra.<ref name=":2" /> == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] pezvkkoalywdnbyjme2j5sottik937j 961480 961473 2026-10-01T17:56:28Z Wayit 45027 961480 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> '''Emília Carlota Sebastião Celestino Dias''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1972) 'yar siyasa ce kuma malama a Angola. Ta kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin [[Angola]] tun shekara ta 2008. A shekara ta 2026, an zabe ta babban sakatare na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Angola . == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Emília Carlota Dias a Lardin Namibe na Angola a shekara 1972. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Emilia Carlota Sebastião Celestino Dias |url=https://parlamento.ao/ |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=Assembleia Nacional |language=pt}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2026-02-27 |title=Emília Carlota Dias é a quarta secretária-geral da OMA |url=https://luandapost.com/emilia-carlota-dias-e-a-quarta-secretaria-geral-da-oma/ |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=LuandaPost |language=pt}}</ref> Ta fara aikinta na siyasa a cikin shekarun 1980 a matsayin memba na kungiyoyin matasa daban-daban, gami da kungiyar Agostinho Neto Pioneer Organization da Matasan MPLA . <ref name=":2" /> Tana da digiri na farko a fannin ilimi, ƙwararre a tarihi, kuma a baya ta koyar a Makarantar Horar da Kwararru a Fasaha da Kwarewa a Lardin Namibe . <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Emilia Carlota Sebastião Celestino Dias |url=https://parlamento.ao/ |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=Assembleia Nacional |language=pt}}</ref> An kuma nada ta a matsayin shugabar sashi na Cibiyar Nazarin Yara ta Angola . <ref name=":3" /> A shekara ta 2008, an zabi Dias a Majalisar Dokokin Angola a matsayin memba na jam'iyyar [[MPLA]] mai mulki, wanda ke wakiltar mazabar zabe ta kasa.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> An sake zabar ta a shekarar 2012, 2017, da 2022.<ref name=":2" /> A shekara ta 2010, ta yi aiki a Majalisar Tsarin Mulki wacce ta sake rubuta Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Angola, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin masu sanya hannu kan takardar.<ref name=":2" /> A shekarar ta 2026, an zabe ta babban sakatare na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Angola, ta gaji [[Joana Tomás]] . <ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-03-01 |title=Carlota Dias eleita secretária-geral da Organização da Mulher Angolana |url=https://jornaldeangola.ao/noticias/1/pol%C3%ADtica/670606/carlota-dias-eleita-secret%C3%A1ria-geral-da-organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o-da-mulher-angolana- |access-date=2026-04-22 |website=Jornal de Angola |language=pt}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a kwamitin tsakiya na kungiyar tun shekara ta 2005. A duk locachin da ta yi aiki, Dias ta yi kira ga karfafa mata, gami da goyon baya ga mata na karkara da kuma hada mata a cikin hanyoyin yanke shawra.<ref name=":2" /> == Bayanan da aka ambata == <references /> [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] fr84z9lahm71psxt50xuhowa6wsenaa 0 177748 961411 2026-10-01T14:29:48Z Baby juuu 38856 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369790679|Nick Monu]]" 961411 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Nick Monu''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1965) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma darektan. == Rayuwa == A An haifi '''Nicholas Monu''' a matsayin ɗa na huɗu kuma ɗa na biyu na Yarima '''Obiora Monu''' na [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]], wanda ya kasance mai lissafi kuma shugaban kamfanin '''Obiora Mnu & Co.''' a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], da '''Mrs. Florence Monu (née Oluwo)''', wadda ta kasance malama a Makarantar Corona da ke Legas. Ya shafe shekarunsa na farko a Najeriya, har zuwa lokacin da shi da iyalinsa suka bar ƙasar sakamakon [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin Biafra]]. Na ɗan wani lokaci, iyalin sun zauna tare da kawunsa, wanda a lokacin yake matsayin jakadan Najeriya a Jamus, sannan daga baya ya zama jakadan Najeriya a Italiya. Daga baya, ya halarci '''Makarantar St. Andrew da ke Eastbourne''' da kuma '''Millfield Senior School da ke Somerset'''. Baya ga ilimin Turai, ya kuma samu horo a fannonin '''waƙa, wasanni da zane-zane'''. . Bayan ya halarci Jami'ar Amurka a Washington, DC, da Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art a London daga 1987 zuwa 1989, an zaba shi tare da wasu ɗaliban wasan kwaikwayo 11 masu magana da Ingilishi don yin rawar gani a wasan kwaikwayo na Anton Tschechow "Uncle wanja" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow a Rasha. Bayan haka ya fara aikinsa a Burtaniya a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mai zaman kansa, yana bayyana a cikin shirye-shirye kamar The Wind in the Willows 1990 zuwa 2011 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal National, Talking in Tongues 1991 zuwa 1992 a gidan wasan kwaikwayon Royal Court da Blues don Mr. Charlie 1992 zuwa 1993 a Manchester Royal Exchange . Tsakanin 1994 da 1997 ya zama memba na Berlin Schaubühne Ensemble kuma ya taka rawar gani, misali a cikin "Hotel Orpheu", "Orestes", "Symposium" da "Die Sprache der Vögel". 1998 he returned for a short while to London and played lead parts in the theatre productions "Oroonoko" at the [[Royal Shakespeare Company]], ''The honest whore'' and ''Merchant of Venice'' at the Globe Theatre and started his film and television career. He starred in the [[BBC]]'s EastEnders, Holby City, T.L.C., The Whistle Blower and the films ''Stigma'' and White Hawk. 2001 ya fara da jerin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin opera Entführung aus dem Serail a Wiener Volksoper a matsayin "Bassa Selim". A shekara ta 2002 ya koma tsakanin [[Vienna]] da London, ya fito a matsayin "Othello" da "King Headley" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Tricycle . A shekara ta 2003 ya shiga ƙungiyar Wiener Burgtheater kuma ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar "Was Ihr Reagan", "7 Sekunden oder in God we Trust", "Die Ziege", "Don Carlos", "Die Katze auf dem heißen Blechdach" da "Sofasurfin". 2006 ya sake bayyana a matsayin "Bassa Selim" a Opera na Marseille, yana nuna farkon matakin farko a Faransa. Tun shekara ta 2004 Monu ya bayyana a cikin fina-finai da fina-fakkaatan da na Jamusanci, misali a shekara ta 2004 a cikin "Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall", a shekara ta 2005 a cikin "Gefangene", 2006 a cikin Tatort-series "Schattenspiele" da "Tod aus Afrika" da kuma a cikin "Kommissarin Lucas - German Angst", a cikin 2007 a cikin "{{Interlanguage link|Nachtschicht (TV series)|de|Nachtschicht (Filmreihe)|lt=Nachtschicht}} [de] - {{Interlanguage link|Blutige Stadt (Nachtschicht)|de|Nachtschicht – Blutige Stadt|lt=Blutige Stadt}} [de]" da "KDD - Scham" kuma a cikin 2010 a cikin "The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Eledefri Ott". 2007 ya fito a matsayin Othello a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Salisbury . Tsakanin 2008 da 2013 ya yi tafiya zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] don yin aiki a kan shirye-shirye da yawa, ilmantarwa da horar da mutanen da ke aiki a waɗannan yankuna. Kungiyar ba da agaji ta Austriya "Abokai na Monu & Monu" ita ce takwaransa ta Turai, tana ba da tallafi ga ayyukan fasaha a Afirka. Nick Monu shine shugaban wannan NGO, tare da Roman Bönsch a matsayin sakatare da Simone Monu a matsayin mai ba da kuɗi. A matsayinsa na furodusa da darektan ya shiga cikin "Sonette XCIV" na William Shakespeare, tare da Sir Alan Bates a cikin 1999, gajeren fim "Split Ends" - Cruzon Cinema, Soho, 2002, da kuma gajeren "Wienerin betet" don Festival Mythos Modern, Vienna, 2008; a cikin 2009 ya ba da umarnin "Swamp Dwellers" na [[Wole Soyinka]], gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya, kuma ya fara samar da bidiyon kiɗa kuma ya gudanar da bita tare da Goethe-Institut da ake kira "Bauprobe's Soyinka". 2010 ya fito a matsayin jagora a cikin Christian Kracht's "Ich Winde hier sein im Sonnenschein und im Schatten" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Basel, kuma ya bayyana a cikin Alexanderfest a Augusta Raurica a matsayin Zeus . 2011 A shekarar '''2011''', ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo ''The Cost of Living'' na [[Sefi Atta]], wanda aka fara gabatar da shi a duniya a '''Terra Kulture, Legas'''. [[Wole Soyinka]] ne ya gayyace shi domin a gabatar da wasan a bikin '''Black Heritage''' a watan Afrilu na wannan shekarar. A watan Oktoba na shekarar '''2011''', ya kuma ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo ''Hagel auf Zamfara'' (Turanci: ''Sentence'') na [[Sefi Atta]], wanda aka fassara shi zuwa Jamusanci, a '''Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Krefeld und Mönchengladbach'''. In spring 2013 he directed another play in Germany, "Happy days" by Samuel Beckett, at the Theater Krefeld und Mönchengladbach, with its opening in April 2013. Thereafter he became the curator of the established African Art Gallery [[matombo]] in the old town of Salzburg, where he has curated shows of traditional and modern African Art. 2015 he held a reading based on Opera Wonyosi of Wole Soyinka as part of the opening of the Salzburger Festspiele within the gallery. In 2019 the African Art Gallery was redesigned and transferred into an online Gallery www.matombo.at A watan Janairun 2016 ya fara bugawa a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Thalia a Hamburg, yana wasa da Uba Joad a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na littafin John Steinbeck mai suna Grapes of Wrath, wanda [[Luk Perceval]] ya jagoranta. Daga 2017 zuwa 2020 ya fito a fina-finai da fina-fallafen talabijin da yawa na Austrian, Swiss da Jamus kuma ya taka rawar gani a fim din CiFi na Austrian na farko RUBINKON a cikin 2020, wanda aka saki a cikin 2022. Tun daga shekara ta 2017 ya goyi bayan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin mai horar da 'yan wasan a Najeriya, tare da fim din Eyimofe wanda ya lashe farashin fina-finai da yawa na kasa da kasa da kuma nunawa a Berlinale a shekarar 2020. A cikin 2021 ya yi fice a matsayin Othello a Landestheater Niederösterreich kuma ya buga Iason a Medea a Grand Theatre a Luxemburg a farkon 2022. Tun daga shekara ta 2005 ya auri mai zanen Austrian Simone Monu kuma yana da 'ya'ya uku. == Hotunan fina-finai == * The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Elfriede Ott (Dor Film, 2010), a matsayin Malou * Nachtschicht [de]: "Blutige Stadt [de]t" (Network Movie, 2007) * ''KDD: "Scham"'' (Hofmann & Voges / ZDF, 2008), a matsayin David Kwahne * Kommissarin Lucas: "German Angst" (Olga Film / ZDF, 2007), a matsayin Chris Arano * ''Tatort: "Schattenspiele"'' (Studio Hamburg, 2006), a matsayin Jonathan Waputo * ''Tatort: "Ein Tod aus Afrika"'' (Satel Film / ORF, 2006), a matsayin Farah * ''Gefangene'' (Tagtraum / ZDF, 2005), a matsayin Moussa * ''Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall: "Künstlerpech"'' (Dor Film / ORF, 2004), a matsayin Maurice Videre * Likitoci: "Shattered Dreams" (BBC, 2003), a matsayin Simon Dunning * EastEnders (BBC, 2003), a matsayin Dokta Murray * Holby City: "Facing Facts" (BBC, 2002), a matsayin Howard Lewis * ''Sarkin Glen'' (2001), a matsayin DC West * ''Gilashin'' - 4 Abubuwa (2001), kamar yadda Ray Collins * Babban aiki: "Walls of Jericho" (Central Television (2000), a matsayin Tyrone Wells * The Whistle-Blower (BBC, 2000), a matsayin Tony Shiner * ''Stigma'' (Maverick Films, 1998, takaice), a matsayin Thierry Masart * All Our Sins Remembered... (Polite Films, 1997, takaice), kamar yadda Jack Whitehawk * Bayan The Wax (dir. Chaz Maviyane-Davies, 1992, takaice) * Shugabannin sassan a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin daban-daban kamar The Bill, EastEnders, Screen One (Black da Blue), The Professionals, Boon 1989-97 == Kyaututtuka == * '''2011:''' ''The Cost of Living'' ya lashe kyautar '''Mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya''' a bikin '''Lagos Heritage Festival'''. * '''1990:''' Ya lashe '''Kyautar Evening Standard''' saboda wasan kwaikwayo ''Talking in Tongues'', wanda aka gabatar a '''Royal Court Theatre'''. Haka kuma, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan takara a rukunin '''Mafi kyawun jarumi mai taka rawar tallafi'''. * '''1993:''' Fim ɗin ''After the Wax'' ya lashe kyaututtuka a bikin fina-finai na Afirka ta Kudu da aka gudanar a '''Harare''', inda ya lashe kyautar '''Mafi kyawun darakta''' da kuma '''Mafi kyawun gajeren fim'''. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje ==   * {{Official website|http://www.nickmonu.com}} * {{IMDb name|1111743}} * [https://www.thalia-theater.de/presse/fotos-zu-stuecken/2015&2016/thalia-theater/fruechte-des-zorns Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Thalia Hamburg] An adana shi 4 Disamba 2024 a {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7x1a272ze2tnl1mnbokzdwkya8ip84s 961412 961411 2026-10-01T14:30:23Z Baby juuu 38856 961412 wikitext text/x-wiki Nick Monu (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1965) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma darektan. == Rayuwa == An haifi '''Nicholas Monu''' a matsayin ɗa na huɗu kuma ɗa na biyu na Yarima '''Obiora Monu''' na [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]], wanda ya kasance mai lissafi kuma shugaban kamfanin '''Obiora Mnu & Co.''' a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], da '''Mrs. Florence Monu (née Oluwo)''', wadda ta kasance malama a Makarantar Corona da ke Legas. Ya shafe shekarunsa na farko a Najeriya, har zuwa lokacin da shi da iyalinsa suka bar ƙasar sakamakon [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin Biafra]]. Na ɗan wani lokaci, iyalin sun zauna tare da kawunsa, wanda a lokacin yake matsayin jakadan Najeriya a Jamus, sannan daga baya ya zama jakadan Najeriya a Italiya. Daga baya, ya halarci '''Makarantar St. Andrew da ke Eastbourne''' da kuma '''Millfield Senior School da ke Somerset'''. Baya ga ilimin Turai, ya kuma samu horo a fannonin '''waƙa, wasanni da zane-zane'''. . Bayan ya halarci Jami'ar Amurka a Washington, DC, da Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art a London daga 1987 zuwa 1989, an zaba shi tare da wasu ɗaliban wasan kwaikwayo 11 masu magana da Ingilishi don yin rawar gani a wasan kwaikwayo na Anton Tschechow "Uncle wanja" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow a Rasha. Bayan haka ya fara aikinsa a Burtaniya a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mai zaman kansa, yana bayyana a cikin shirye-shirye kamar The Wind in the Willows 1990 zuwa 2011 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal National, Talking in Tongues 1991 zuwa 1992 a gidan wasan kwaikwayon Royal Court da Blues don Mr. Charlie 1992 zuwa 1993 a Manchester Royal Exchange . Tsakanin 1994 da 1997 ya zama memba na Berlin Schaubühne Ensemble kuma ya taka rawar gani, misali a cikin "Hotel Orpheu", "Orestes", "Symposium" da "Die Sprache der Vögel". 1998 he returned for a short while to London and played lead parts in the theatre productions "Oroonoko" at the [[Royal Shakespeare Company]], ''The honest whore'' and ''Merchant of Venice'' at the Globe Theatre and started his film and television career. He starred in the [[BBC]]'s EastEnders, Holby City, T.L.C., The Whistle Blower and the films ''Stigma'' and White Hawk. 2001 ya fara da jerin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin opera Entführung aus dem Serail a Wiener Volksoper a matsayin "Bassa Selim". A shekara ta 2002 ya koma tsakanin [[Vienna]] da London, ya fito a matsayin "Othello" da "King Headley" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Tricycle . A shekara ta 2003 ya shiga ƙungiyar Wiener Burgtheater kuma ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar "Was Ihr Reagan", "7 Sekunden oder in God we Trust", "Die Ziege", "Don Carlos", "Die Katze auf dem heißen Blechdach" da "Sofasurfin". 2006 ya sake bayyana a matsayin "Bassa Selim" a Opera na Marseille, yana nuna farkon matakin farko a Faransa. Tun shekara ta 2004 Monu ya bayyana a cikin fina-finai da fina-fakkaatan da na Jamusanci, misali a shekara ta 2004 a cikin "Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall", a shekara ta 2005 a cikin "Gefangene", 2006 a cikin Tatort-series "Schattenspiele" da "Tod aus Afrika" da kuma a cikin "Kommissarin Lucas - German Angst", a cikin 2007 a cikin "{{Interlanguage link|Nachtschicht (TV series)|de|Nachtschicht (Filmreihe)|lt=Nachtschicht}} [de] - {{Interlanguage link|Blutige Stadt (Nachtschicht)|de|Nachtschicht – Blutige Stadt|lt=Blutige Stadt}} [de]" da "KDD - Scham" kuma a cikin 2010 a cikin "The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Eledefri Ott". 2007 ya fito a matsayin Othello a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Salisbury . Tsakanin 2008 da 2013 ya yi tafiya zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] don yin aiki a kan shirye-shirye da yawa, ilmantarwa da horar da mutanen da ke aiki a waɗannan yankuna. Kungiyar ba da agaji ta Austriya "Abokai na Monu & Monu" ita ce takwaransa ta Turai, tana ba da tallafi ga ayyukan fasaha a Afirka. Nick Monu shine shugaban wannan NGO, tare da Roman Bönsch a matsayin sakatare da Simone Monu a matsayin mai ba da kuɗi. A matsayinsa na furodusa da darektan ya shiga cikin "Sonette XCIV" na William Shakespeare, tare da Sir Alan Bates a cikin 1999, gajeren fim "Split Ends" - Cruzon Cinema, Soho, 2002, da kuma gajeren "Wienerin betet" don Festival Mythos Modern, Vienna, 2008; a cikin 2009 ya ba da umarnin "Swamp Dwellers" na [[Wole Soyinka]], gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya, kuma ya fara samar da bidiyon kiɗa kuma ya gudanar da bita tare da Goethe-Institut da ake kira "Bauprobe's Soyinka". 2010 ya fito a matsayin jagora a cikin Christian Kracht's "Ich Winde hier sein im Sonnenschein und im Schatten" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Basel, kuma ya bayyana a cikin Alexanderfest a Augusta Raurica a matsayin Zeus . 2011 A shekarar '''2011''', ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo ''The Cost of Living'' na [[Sefi Atta]], wanda aka fara gabatar da shi a duniya a '''Terra Kulture, Legas'''. [[Wole Soyinka]] ne ya gayyace shi domin a gabatar da wasan a bikin '''Black Heritage''' a watan Afrilu na wannan shekarar. A watan Oktoba na shekarar '''2011''', ya kuma ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo ''Hagel auf Zamfara'' (Turanci: ''Sentence'') na [[Sefi Atta]], wanda aka fassara shi zuwa Jamusanci, a '''Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Krefeld und Mönchengladbach'''. In spring 2013 he directed another play in Germany, "Happy days" by Samuel Beckett, at the Theater Krefeld und Mönchengladbach, with its opening in April 2013. Thereafter he became the curator of the established African Art Gallery [[matombo]] in the old town of Salzburg, where he has curated shows of traditional and modern African Art. 2015 he held a reading based on Opera Wonyosi of Wole Soyinka as part of the opening of the Salzburger Festspiele within the gallery. In 2019 the African Art Gallery was redesigned and transferred into an online Gallery www.matombo.at A watan Janairun 2016 ya fara bugawa a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Thalia a Hamburg, yana wasa da Uba Joad a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na littafin John Steinbeck mai suna Grapes of Wrath, wanda [[Luk Perceval]] ya jagoranta. Daga 2017 zuwa 2020 ya fito a fina-finai da fina-fallafen talabijin da yawa na Austrian, Swiss da Jamus kuma ya taka rawar gani a fim din CiFi na Austrian na farko RUBINKON a cikin 2020, wanda aka saki a cikin 2022. Tun daga shekara ta 2017 ya goyi bayan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin mai horar da 'yan wasan a Najeriya, tare da fim din Eyimofe wanda ya lashe farashin fina-finai da yawa na kasa da kasa da kuma nunawa a Berlinale a shekarar 2020. A cikin 2021 ya yi fice a matsayin Othello a Landestheater Niederösterreich kuma ya buga Iason a Medea a Grand Theatre a Luxemburg a farkon 2022. Tun daga shekara ta 2005 ya auri mai zanen Austrian Simone Monu kuma yana da 'ya'ya uku. == Hotunan fina-finai == * The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Elfriede Ott (Dor Film, 2010), a matsayin Malou * Nachtschicht [de]: "Blutige Stadt [de]t" (Network Movie, 2007) * ''KDD: "Scham"'' (Hofmann & Voges / ZDF, 2008), a matsayin David Kwahne * Kommissarin Lucas: "German Angst" (Olga Film / ZDF, 2007), a matsayin Chris Arano * ''Tatort: "Schattenspiele"'' (Studio Hamburg, 2006), a matsayin Jonathan Waputo * ''Tatort: "Ein Tod aus Afrika"'' (Satel Film / ORF, 2006), a matsayin Farah * ''Gefangene'' (Tagtraum / ZDF, 2005), a matsayin Moussa * ''Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall: "Künstlerpech"'' (Dor Film / ORF, 2004), a matsayin Maurice Videre * Likitoci: "Shattered Dreams" (BBC, 2003), a matsayin Simon Dunning * EastEnders (BBC, 2003), a matsayin Dokta Murray * Holby City: "Facing Facts" (BBC, 2002), a matsayin Howard Lewis * ''Sarkin Glen'' (2001), a matsayin DC West * ''Gilashin'' - 4 Abubuwa (2001), kamar yadda Ray Collins * Babban aiki: "Walls of Jericho" (Central Television (2000), a matsayin Tyrone Wells * The Whistle-Blower (BBC, 2000), a matsayin Tony Shiner * ''Stigma'' (Maverick Films, 1998, takaice), a matsayin Thierry Masart * All Our Sins Remembered... (Polite Films, 1997, takaice), kamar yadda Jack Whitehawk * Bayan The Wax (dir. Chaz Maviyane-Davies, 1992, takaice) * Shugabannin sassan a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin daban-daban kamar The Bill, EastEnders, Screen One (Black da Blue), The Professionals, Boon 1989-97 == Kyaututtuka == * '''2011:''' ''The Cost of Living'' ya lashe kyautar '''Mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya''' a bikin '''Lagos Heritage Festival'''. * '''1990:''' Ya lashe '''Kyautar Evening Standard''' saboda wasan kwaikwayo ''Talking in Tongues'', wanda aka gabatar a '''Royal Court Theatre'''. Haka kuma, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan takara a rukunin '''Mafi kyawun jarumi mai taka rawar tallafi'''. * '''1993:''' Fim ɗin ''After the Wax'' ya lashe kyaututtuka a bikin fina-finai na Afirka ta Kudu da aka gudanar a '''Harare''', inda ya lashe kyautar '''Mafi kyawun darakta''' da kuma '''Mafi kyawun gajeren fim'''. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje ==   * {{Official website|http://www.nickmonu.com}} * {{IMDb name|1111743}} * [https://www.thalia-theater.de/presse/fotos-zu-stuecken/2015&2016/thalia-theater/fruechte-des-zorns Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Thalia Hamburg] An adana shi 4 Disamba 2024 a {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3klnga99thc8xvapczkh9b2tszdjaxs 961413 961412 2026-10-01T14:30:51Z Baby juuu 38856 961413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Nick Monu (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1965) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma darektan. == Rayuwa == An haifi '''Nicholas Monu''' a matsayin ɗa na huɗu kuma ɗa na biyu na Yarima '''Obiora Monu''' na [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]], wanda ya kasance mai lissafi kuma shugaban kamfanin '''Obiora Mnu & Co.''' a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], da '''Mrs. Florence Monu (née Oluwo)''', wadda ta kasance malama a Makarantar Corona da ke Legas. Ya shafe shekarunsa na farko a Najeriya, har zuwa lokacin da shi da iyalinsa suka bar ƙasar sakamakon [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin Biafra]]. Na ɗan wani lokaci, iyalin sun zauna tare da kawunsa, wanda a lokacin yake matsayin jakadan Najeriya a Jamus, sannan daga baya ya zama jakadan Najeriya a Italiya. Daga baya, ya halarci '''Makarantar St. Andrew da ke Eastbourne''' da kuma '''Millfield Senior School da ke Somerset'''. Baya ga ilimin Turai, ya kuma samu horo a fannonin '''waƙa, wasanni da zane-zane'''. . Bayan ya halarci Jami'ar Amurka a Washington, DC, da Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art a London daga 1987 zuwa 1989, an zaba shi tare da wasu ɗaliban wasan kwaikwayo 11 masu magana da Ingilishi don yin rawar gani a wasan kwaikwayo na Anton Tschechow "Uncle wanja" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow a Rasha. Bayan haka ya fara aikinsa a Burtaniya a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mai zaman kansa, yana bayyana a cikin shirye-shirye kamar The Wind in the Willows 1990 zuwa 2011 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal National, Talking in Tongues 1991 zuwa 1992 a gidan wasan kwaikwayon Royal Court da Blues don Mr. Charlie 1992 zuwa 1993 a Manchester Royal Exchange . Tsakanin 1994 da 1997 ya zama memba na Berlin Schaubühne Ensemble kuma ya taka rawar gani, misali a cikin "Hotel Orpheu", "Orestes", "Symposium" da "Die Sprache der Vögel". 1998 he returned for a short while to London and played lead parts in the theatre productions "Oroonoko" at the [[Royal Shakespeare Company]], ''The honest whore'' and ''Merchant of Venice'' at the Globe Theatre and started his film and television career. He starred in the [[BBC]]'s EastEnders, Holby City, T.L.C., The Whistle Blower and the films ''Stigma'' and White Hawk. 2001 ya fara da jerin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin opera Entführung aus dem Serail a Wiener Volksoper a matsayin "Bassa Selim". A shekara ta 2002 ya koma tsakanin [[Vienna]] da London, ya fito a matsayin "Othello" da "King Headley" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Tricycle . A shekara ta 2003 ya shiga ƙungiyar Wiener Burgtheater kuma ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar "Was Ihr Reagan", "7 Sekunden oder in God we Trust", "Die Ziege", "Don Carlos", "Die Katze auf dem heißen Blechdach" da "Sofasurfin". 2006 ya sake bayyana a matsayin "Bassa Selim" a Opera na Marseille, yana nuna farkon matakin farko a Faransa. Tun shekara ta 2004 Monu ya bayyana a cikin fina-finai da fina-fakkaatan da na Jamusanci, misali a shekara ta 2004 a cikin "Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall", a shekara ta 2005 a cikin "Gefangene", 2006 a cikin Tatort-series "Schattenspiele" da "Tod aus Afrika" da kuma a cikin "Kommissarin Lucas - German Angst", a cikin 2007 a cikin "{{Interlanguage link|Nachtschicht (TV series)|de|Nachtschicht (Filmreihe)|lt=Nachtschicht}} [de] - {{Interlanguage link|Blutige Stadt (Nachtschicht)|de|Nachtschicht – Blutige Stadt|lt=Blutige Stadt}} [de]" da "KDD - Scham" kuma a cikin 2010 a cikin "The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Eledefri Ott". 2007 ya fito a matsayin Othello a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Salisbury . Tsakanin 2008 da 2013 ya yi tafiya zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] don yin aiki a kan shirye-shirye da yawa, ilmantarwa da horar da mutanen da ke aiki a waɗannan yankuna. Kungiyar ba da agaji ta Austriya "Abokai na Monu & Monu" ita ce takwaransa ta Turai, tana ba da tallafi ga ayyukan fasaha a Afirka. Nick Monu shine shugaban wannan NGO, tare da Roman Bönsch a matsayin sakatare da Simone Monu a matsayin mai ba da kuɗi. A matsayinsa na furodusa da darektan ya shiga cikin "Sonette XCIV" na William Shakespeare, tare da Sir Alan Bates a cikin 1999, gajeren fim "Split Ends" - Cruzon Cinema, Soho, 2002, da kuma gajeren "Wienerin betet" don Festival Mythos Modern, Vienna, 2008; a cikin 2009 ya ba da umarnin "Swamp Dwellers" na [[Wole Soyinka]], gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya, kuma ya fara samar da bidiyon kiɗa kuma ya gudanar da bita tare da Goethe-Institut da ake kira "Bauprobe's Soyinka". 2010 ya fito a matsayin jagora a cikin Christian Kracht's "Ich Winde hier sein im Sonnenschein und im Schatten" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Basel, kuma ya bayyana a cikin Alexanderfest a Augusta Raurica a matsayin Zeus . 2011 A shekarar '''2011''', ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo ''The Cost of Living'' na [[Sefi Atta]], wanda aka fara gabatar da shi a duniya a '''Terra Kulture, Legas'''. [[Wole Soyinka]] ne ya gayyace shi domin a gabatar da wasan a bikin '''Black Heritage''' a watan Afrilu na wannan shekarar. A watan Oktoba na shekarar '''2011''', ya kuma ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo ''Hagel auf Zamfara'' (Turanci: ''Sentence'') na [[Sefi Atta]], wanda aka fassara shi zuwa Jamusanci, a '''Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Krefeld und Mönchengladbach'''. In spring 2013 he directed another play in Germany, "Happy days" by Samuel Beckett, at the Theater Krefeld und Mönchengladbach, with its opening in April 2013. Thereafter he became the curator of the established African Art Gallery [[matombo]] in the old town of Salzburg, where he has curated shows of traditional and modern African Art. 2015 he held a reading based on Opera Wonyosi of Wole Soyinka as part of the opening of the Salzburger Festspiele within the gallery. In 2019 the African Art Gallery was redesigned and transferred into an online Gallery www.matombo.at A watan Janairun 2016 ya fara bugawa a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Thalia a Hamburg, yana wasa da Uba Joad a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na littafin John Steinbeck mai suna Grapes of Wrath, wanda [[Luk Perceval]] ya jagoranta. Daga 2017 zuwa 2020 ya fito a fina-finai da fina-fallafen talabijin da yawa na Austrian, Swiss da Jamus kuma ya taka rawar gani a fim din CiFi na Austrian na farko RUBINKON a cikin 2020, wanda aka saki a cikin 2022. Tun daga shekara ta 2017 ya goyi bayan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin mai horar da 'yan wasan a Najeriya, tare da fim din Eyimofe wanda ya lashe farashin fina-finai da yawa na kasa da kasa da kuma nunawa a Berlinale a shekarar 2020. A cikin 2021 ya yi fice a matsayin Othello a Landestheater Niederösterreich kuma ya buga Iason a Medea a Grand Theatre a Luxemburg a farkon 2022. Tun daga shekara ta 2005 ya auri mai zanen Austrian Simone Monu kuma yana da 'ya'ya uku. == Hotunan fina-finai == * The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Elfriede Ott (Dor Film, 2010), a matsayin Malou * Nachtschicht [de]: "Blutige Stadt [de]t" (Network Movie, 2007) * ''KDD: "Scham"'' (Hofmann & Voges / ZDF, 2008), a matsayin David Kwahne * Kommissarin Lucas: "German Angst" (Olga Film / ZDF, 2007), a matsayin Chris Arano * ''Tatort: "Schattenspiele"'' (Studio Hamburg, 2006), a matsayin Jonathan Waputo * ''Tatort: "Ein Tod aus Afrika"'' (Satel Film / ORF, 2006), a matsayin Farah * ''Gefangene'' (Tagtraum / ZDF, 2005), a matsayin Moussa * ''Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall: "Künstlerpech"'' (Dor Film / ORF, 2004), a matsayin Maurice Videre * Likitoci: "Shattered Dreams" (BBC, 2003), a matsayin Simon Dunning * EastEnders (BBC, 2003), a matsayin Dokta Murray * Holby City: "Facing Facts" (BBC, 2002), a matsayin Howard Lewis * ''Sarkin Glen'' (2001), a matsayin DC West * ''Gilashin'' - 4 Abubuwa (2001), kamar yadda Ray Collins * Babban aiki: "Walls of Jericho" (Central Television (2000), a matsayin Tyrone Wells * The Whistle-Blower (BBC, 2000), a matsayin Tony Shiner * ''Stigma'' (Maverick Films, 1998, takaice), a matsayin Thierry Masart * All Our Sins Remembered... (Polite Films, 1997, takaice), kamar yadda Jack Whitehawk * Bayan The Wax (dir. Chaz Maviyane-Davies, 1992, takaice) * Shugabannin sassan a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin daban-daban kamar The Bill, EastEnders, Screen One (Black da Blue), The Professionals, Boon 1989-97 == Kyaututtuka == * '''2011:''' ''The Cost of Living'' ya lashe kyautar '''Mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya''' a bikin '''Lagos Heritage Festival'''. * '''1990:''' Ya lashe '''Kyautar Evening Standard''' saboda wasan kwaikwayo ''Talking in Tongues'', wanda aka gabatar a '''Royal Court Theatre'''. Haka kuma, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan takara a rukunin '''Mafi kyawun jarumi mai taka rawar tallafi'''. * '''1993:''' Fim ɗin ''After the Wax'' ya lashe kyaututtuka a bikin fina-finai na Afirka ta Kudu da aka gudanar a '''Harare''', inda ya lashe kyautar '''Mafi kyawun darakta''' da kuma '''Mafi kyawun gajeren fim'''. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje ==   * {{Official website|http://www.nickmonu.com}} * {{IMDb name|1111743}} * [https://www.thalia-theater.de/presse/fotos-zu-stuecken/2015&2016/thalia-theater/fruechte-des-zorns Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Thalia Hamburg] An adana shi 4 Disamba 2024 a {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jhlfgqr9d4nmcda3ebjb6cyrpgxqiuw 961414 961413 2026-10-01T14:33:27Z Baby juuu 38856 961414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Nick Monu (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Maris a shekara ta 1965) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma darektan. == Rayuwa == An haifi '''Nicholas Monu''' a matsayin ɗa na huɗu kuma ɗa na biyu na Yarima '''Obiora Monu''' na [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]], wanda ya kasance mai lissafi kuma shugaban kamfanin '''Obiora Mnu & Co.''' a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], da '''Mrs. Florence Monu (née Oluwo)''', wadda ta kasance malama a Makarantar Corona da ke Legas. Ya shafe shekarunsa na farko a Najeriya, har zuwa lokacin da shi da iyalinsa suka bar ƙasar sakamakon [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin Biafra]]. Na ɗan wani lokaci, iyalin sun zauna tare da kawunsa, wanda a lokacin yake matsayin jakadan Najeriya a Jamus, sannan daga baya ya zama jakadan Najeriya a Italiya. Daga baya, ya halarci '''Makarantar St. Andrew da ke Eastbourne''' da kuma '''Millfield Senior School da ke Somerset'''. Baya ga ilimin Turai, ya kuma samu horo a fannonin '''waƙa, wasanni da zane-zane'''. . Bayan ya halarci Jami'ar Amurka a Washington, DC, da Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art a London daga shekara ta 1987 zuwa 1989, an zaba shi tare da wasu ɗaliban wasan kwaikwayo 11 masu magana da Ingilishi don yin rawar gani a wasan kwaikwayo na Anton Tschechow "Uncle wanja" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow a Rasha. Bayan haka ya fara aikinsa a Burtaniya a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mai zaman kansa, yana bayyana a cikin shirye-shirye kamar The Wind in the Willows 1990 zuwa 2011 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal National, Talking in Tongues 1991 zuwa 1992 a gidan wasan kwaikwayon Royal Court da Blues don Mr. Charlie 1992 zuwa 1993 a Manchester Royal Exchange . Tsakanin 1994 da 1997 ya zama memba na Berlin Schaubühne Ensemble kuma ya taka rawar gani, misali a cikin "Hotel Orpheu", "Orestes", "Symposium" da "Die Sprache der Vögel". 1998 he returned for a short while to London and played lead parts in the theatre productions "Oroonoko" at the [[Royal Shakespeare Company]], ''The honest whore'' and ''Merchant of Venice'' at the Globe Theatre and started his film and television career. He starred in the [[BBC]]'s EastEnders, Holby City, T.L.C., The Whistle Blower and the films ''Stigma'' and White Hawk. 2001 ya fara da jerin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin opera Entführung aus dem Serail a Wiener Volksoper a matsayin "Bassa Selim". A shekara ta 2002 ya koma tsakanin [[Vienna]] da London, ya fito a matsayin "Othello" da "King Headley" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Tricycle . A shekara ta 2003 ya shiga ƙungiyar Wiener Burgtheater kuma ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar "Was Ihr Reagan", "7 Sekunden oder in God we Trust", "Die Ziege", "Don Carlos", "Die Katze auf dem heißen Blechdach" da "Sofasurfin". 2006 ya sake bayyana a matsayin "Bassa Selim" a Opera na Marseille, yana nuna farkon matakin farko a Faransa. Tun shekara ta 2004 Monu ya bayyana a cikin fina-finai da fina-fakkaatan da na Jamusanci, misali a shekara ta 2004 a cikin "Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall", a shekara ta 2005 a cikin "Gefangene", 2006 a cikin Tatort-series "Schattenspiele" da "Tod aus Afrika" da kuma a cikin "Kommissarin Lucas - German Angst", a cikin 2007 a cikin "{{Interlanguage link|Nachtschicht (TV series)|de|Nachtschicht (Filmreihe)|lt=Nachtschicht}} [de] - {{Interlanguage link|Blutige Stadt (Nachtschicht)|de|Nachtschicht – Blutige Stadt|lt=Blutige Stadt}} [de]" da "KDD - Scham" kuma a cikin 2010 a cikin "The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Eledefri Ott". 2007 ya fito a matsayin Othello a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Salisbury . Tsakanin 2008 da 2013 ya yi tafiya zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] don yin aiki a kan shirye-shirye da yawa, ilmantarwa da horar da mutanen da ke aiki a waɗannan yankuna. Kungiyar ba da agaji ta Austriya "Abokai na Monu & Monu" ita ce takwaransa ta Turai, tana ba da tallafi ga ayyukan fasaha a Afirka. Nick Monu shine shugaban wannan NGO, tare da Roman Bönsch a matsayin sakatare da Simone Monu a matsayin mai ba da kuɗi. A matsayinsa na furodusa da darektan ya shiga cikin "Sonette XCIV" na William Shakespeare, tare da Sir Alan Bates a cikin 1999, gajeren fim "Split Ends" - Cruzon Cinema, Soho, 2002, da kuma gajeren "Wienerin betet" don Festival Mythos Modern, Vienna, 2008; a cikin 2009 ya ba da umarnin "Swamp Dwellers" na [[Wole Soyinka]], gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya, kuma ya fara samar da bidiyon kiɗa kuma ya gudanar da bita tare da Goethe-Institut da ake kira "Bauprobe's Soyinka". 2010 ya fito a matsayin jagora a cikin Christian Kracht's "Ich Winde hier sein im Sonnenschein und im Schatten" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Basel, kuma ya bayyana a cikin Alexanderfest a Augusta Raurica a matsayin Zeus . 2011 A shekarar '''2011''', ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo ''The Cost of Living'' na [[Sefi Atta]], wanda aka fara gabatar da shi a duniya a '''Terra Kulture, Legas'''. [[Wole Soyinka]] ne ya gayyace shi domin a gabatar da wasan a bikin '''Black Heritage''' a watan Afrilu na wannan shekarar. A watan Oktoba na shekarar '''2011''', ya kuma ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo ''Hagel auf Zamfara'' (Turanci: ''Sentence'') na [[Sefi Atta]], wanda aka fassara shi zuwa Jamusanci, a '''Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Krefeld und Mönchengladbach'''. In spring 2013 he directed another play in Germany, "Happy days" by Samuel Beckett, at the Theater Krefeld und Mönchengladbach, with its opening in April 2013. Thereafter he became the curator of the established African Art Gallery [[matombo]] in the old town of Salzburg, where he has curated shows of traditional and modern African Art. 2015 he held a reading based on Opera Wonyosi of Wole Soyinka as part of the opening of the Salzburger Festspiele within the gallery. In 2019 the African Art Gallery was redesigned and transferred into an online Gallery www.matombo.at A watan Janairun 2016 ya fara bugawa a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Thalia a Hamburg, yana wasa da Uba Joad a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na littafin John Steinbeck mai suna Grapes of Wrath, wanda [[Luk Perceval]] ya jagoranta. Daga 2017 zuwa 2020 ya fito a fina-finai da fina-fallafen talabijin da yawa na Austrian, Swiss da Jamus kuma ya taka rawar gani a fim din CiFi na Austrian na farko RUBINKON a cikin 2020, wanda aka saki a cikin 2022. Tun daga shekara ta 2017 ya goyi bayan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin mai horar da 'yan wasan a Najeriya, tare da fim din Eyimofe wanda ya lashe farashin fina-finai da yawa na kasa da kasa da kuma nunawa a Berlinale a shekarar 2020. A cikin 2021 ya yi fice a matsayin Othello a Landestheater Niederösterreich kuma ya buga Iason a Medea a Grand Theatre a Luxemburg a farkon 2022. Tun daga shekara ta 2005 ya auri mai zanen Austrian Simone Monu kuma yana da 'ya'ya uku. == Hotunan fina-finai == * The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Elfriede Ott (Dor Film, 2010), a matsayin Malou * Nachtschicht [de]: "Blutige Stadt [de]t" (Network Movie, 2007) * ''KDD: "Scham"'' (Hofmann & Voges / ZDF, 2008), a matsayin David Kwahne * Kommissarin Lucas: "German Angst" (Olga Film / ZDF, 2007), a matsayin Chris Arano * ''Tatort: "Schattenspiele"'' (Studio Hamburg, 2006), a matsayin Jonathan Waputo * ''Tatort: "Ein Tod aus Afrika"'' (Satel Film / ORF, 2006), a matsayin Farah * ''Gefangene'' (Tagtraum / ZDF, 2005), a matsayin Moussa * ''Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall: "Künstlerpech"'' (Dor Film / ORF, 2004), a matsayin Maurice Videre * Likitoci: "Shattered Dreams" (BBC, 2003), a matsayin Simon Dunning * EastEnders (BBC, 2003), a matsayin Dokta Murray * Holby City: "Facing Facts" (BBC, 2002), a matsayin Howard Lewis * ''Sarkin Glen'' (2001), a matsayin DC West * ''Gilashin'' - 4 Abubuwa (2001), kamar yadda Ray Collins * Babban aiki: "Walls of Jericho" (Central Television (2000), a matsayin Tyrone Wells * The Whistle-Blower (BBC, 2000), a matsayin Tony Shiner * ''Stigma'' (Maverick Films, 1998, takaice), a matsayin Thierry Masart * All Our Sins Remembered... (Polite Films, 1997, takaice), kamar yadda Jack Whitehawk * Bayan The Wax (dir. Chaz Maviyane-Davies, 1992, takaice) * Shugabannin sassan a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin daban-daban kamar The Bill, EastEnders, Screen One (Black da Blue), The Professionals, Boon 1989-97 == Kyaututtuka == * '''2011:''' ''The Cost of Living'' ya lashe kyautar '''Mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya''' a bikin '''Lagos Heritage Festival'''. * '''1990:''' Ya lashe '''Kyautar Evening Standard''' saboda wasan kwaikwayo ''Talking in Tongues'', wanda aka gabatar a '''Royal Court Theatre'''. Haka kuma, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan takara a rukunin '''Mafi kyawun jarumi mai taka rawar tallafi'''. * '''1993:''' Fim ɗin ''After the Wax'' ya lashe kyaututtuka a bikin fina-finai na Afirka ta Kudu da aka gudanar a '''Harare''', inda ya lashe kyautar '''Mafi kyawun darakta''' da kuma '''Mafi kyawun gajeren fim'''. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje ==   * {{Official website|http://www.nickmonu.com}} * {{IMDb name|1111743}} * [https://www.thalia-theater.de/presse/fotos-zu-stuecken/2015&2016/thalia-theater/fruechte-des-zorns Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Thalia Hamburg] An adana shi 4 Disamba 2024 a {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3bstcmjyhacgxyheosjz6qi11n38hoi 961415 961414 2026-10-01T14:33:48Z Baby juuu 38856 /* Bayanan da aka ambata */ 961415 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Nick Monu (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Maris a shekara ta 1965) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma darektan. == Rayuwa == An haifi '''Nicholas Monu''' a matsayin ɗa na huɗu kuma ɗa na biyu na Yarima '''Obiora Monu''' na [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]], wanda ya kasance mai lissafi kuma shugaban kamfanin '''Obiora Mnu & Co.''' a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], da '''Mrs. Florence Monu (née Oluwo)''', wadda ta kasance malama a Makarantar Corona da ke Legas. Ya shafe shekarunsa na farko a Najeriya, har zuwa lokacin da shi da iyalinsa suka bar ƙasar sakamakon [[Yaƙin basasan Najeriya|Yaƙin Biafra]]. Na ɗan wani lokaci, iyalin sun zauna tare da kawunsa, wanda a lokacin yake matsayin jakadan Najeriya a Jamus, sannan daga baya ya zama jakadan Najeriya a Italiya. Daga baya, ya halarci '''Makarantar St. Andrew da ke Eastbourne''' da kuma '''Millfield Senior School da ke Somerset'''. Baya ga ilimin Turai, ya kuma samu horo a fannonin '''waƙa, wasanni da zane-zane'''. . Bayan ya halarci Jami'ar Amurka a Washington, DC, da Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art a London daga shekara ta 1987 zuwa 1989, an zaba shi tare da wasu ɗaliban wasan kwaikwayo 11 masu magana da Ingilishi don yin rawar gani a wasan kwaikwayo na Anton Tschechow "Uncle wanja" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow a Rasha. Bayan haka ya fara aikinsa a Burtaniya a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mai zaman kansa, yana bayyana a cikin shirye-shirye kamar The Wind in the Willows 1990 zuwa 2011 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal National, Talking in Tongues 1991 zuwa 1992 a gidan wasan kwaikwayon Royal Court da Blues don Mr. Charlie 1992 zuwa 1993 a Manchester Royal Exchange . Tsakanin 1994 da 1997 ya zama memba na Berlin Schaubühne Ensemble kuma ya taka rawar gani, misali a cikin "Hotel Orpheu", "Orestes", "Symposium" da "Die Sprache der Vögel". 1998 he returned for a short while to London and played lead parts in the theatre productions "Oroonoko" at the [[Royal Shakespeare Company]], ''The honest whore'' and ''Merchant of Venice'' at the Globe Theatre and started his film and television career. He starred in the [[BBC]]'s EastEnders, Holby City, T.L.C., The Whistle Blower and the films ''Stigma'' and White Hawk. 2001 ya fara da jerin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin opera Entführung aus dem Serail a Wiener Volksoper a matsayin "Bassa Selim". A shekara ta 2002 ya koma tsakanin [[Vienna]] da London, ya fito a matsayin "Othello" da "King Headley" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Tricycle . A shekara ta 2003 ya shiga ƙungiyar Wiener Burgtheater kuma ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar "Was Ihr Reagan", "7 Sekunden oder in God we Trust", "Die Ziege", "Don Carlos", "Die Katze auf dem heißen Blechdach" da "Sofasurfin". 2006 ya sake bayyana a matsayin "Bassa Selim" a Opera na Marseille, yana nuna farkon matakin farko a Faransa. Tun shekara ta 2004 Monu ya bayyana a cikin fina-finai da fina-fakkaatan da na Jamusanci, misali a shekara ta 2004 a cikin "Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall", a shekara ta 2005 a cikin "Gefangene", 2006 a cikin Tatort-series "Schattenspiele" da "Tod aus Afrika" da kuma a cikin "Kommissarin Lucas - German Angst", a cikin 2007 a cikin "{{Interlanguage link|Nachtschicht (TV series)|de|Nachtschicht (Filmreihe)|lt=Nachtschicht}} [de] - {{Interlanguage link|Blutige Stadt (Nachtschicht)|de|Nachtschicht – Blutige Stadt|lt=Blutige Stadt}} [de]" da "KDD - Scham" kuma a cikin 2010 a cikin "The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Eledefri Ott". 2007 ya fito a matsayin Othello a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Salisbury . Tsakanin 2008 da 2013 ya yi tafiya zuwa [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] don yin aiki a kan shirye-shirye da yawa, ilmantarwa da horar da mutanen da ke aiki a waɗannan yankuna. Kungiyar ba da agaji ta Austriya "Abokai na Monu & Monu" ita ce takwaransa ta Turai, tana ba da tallafi ga ayyukan fasaha a Afirka. Nick Monu shine shugaban wannan NGO, tare da Roman Bönsch a matsayin sakatare da Simone Monu a matsayin mai ba da kuɗi. A matsayinsa na furodusa da darektan ya shiga cikin "Sonette XCIV" na William Shakespeare, tare da Sir Alan Bates a cikin 1999, gajeren fim "Split Ends" - Cruzon Cinema, Soho, 2002, da kuma gajeren "Wienerin betet" don Festival Mythos Modern, Vienna, 2008; a cikin 2009 ya ba da umarnin "Swamp Dwellers" na [[Wole Soyinka]], gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya, kuma ya fara samar da bidiyon kiɗa kuma ya gudanar da bita tare da Goethe-Institut da ake kira "Bauprobe's Soyinka". 2010 ya fito a matsayin jagora a cikin Christian Kracht's "Ich Winde hier sein im Sonnenschein und im Schatten" a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Basel, kuma ya bayyana a cikin Alexanderfest a Augusta Raurica a matsayin Zeus . 2011 A shekarar '''2011''', ya ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo ''The Cost of Living'' na [[Sefi Atta]], wanda aka fara gabatar da shi a duniya a '''Terra Kulture, Legas'''. [[Wole Soyinka]] ne ya gayyace shi domin a gabatar da wasan a bikin '''Black Heritage''' a watan Afrilu na wannan shekarar. A watan Oktoba na shekarar '''2011''', ya kuma ba da umarnin wasan kwaikwayo ''Hagel auf Zamfara'' (Turanci: ''Sentence'') na [[Sefi Atta]], wanda aka fassara shi zuwa Jamusanci, a '''Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Krefeld und Mönchengladbach'''. In spring 2013 he directed another play in Germany, "Happy days" by Samuel Beckett, at the Theater Krefeld und Mönchengladbach, with its opening in April 2013. Thereafter he became the curator of the established African Art Gallery [[matombo]] in the old town of Salzburg, where he has curated shows of traditional and modern African Art. 2015 he held a reading based on Opera Wonyosi of Wole Soyinka as part of the opening of the Salzburger Festspiele within the gallery. In 2019 the African Art Gallery was redesigned and transferred into an online Gallery www.matombo.at A watan Janairun 2016 ya fara bugawa a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Thalia a Hamburg, yana wasa da Uba Joad a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na littafin John Steinbeck mai suna Grapes of Wrath, wanda [[Luk Perceval]] ya jagoranta. Daga 2017 zuwa 2020 ya fito a fina-finai da fina-fallafen talabijin da yawa na Austrian, Swiss da Jamus kuma ya taka rawar gani a fim din CiFi na Austrian na farko RUBINKON a cikin 2020, wanda aka saki a cikin 2022. Tun daga shekara ta 2017 ya goyi bayan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin mai horar da 'yan wasan a Najeriya, tare da fim din Eyimofe wanda ya lashe farashin fina-finai da yawa na kasa da kasa da kuma nunawa a Berlinale a shekarar 2020. A cikin 2021 ya yi fice a matsayin Othello a Landestheater Niederösterreich kuma ya buga Iason a Medea a Grand Theatre a Luxemburg a farkon 2022. Tun daga shekara ta 2005 ya auri mai zanen Austrian Simone Monu kuma yana da 'ya'ya uku. == Hotunan fina-finai == * The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Elfriede Ott (Dor Film, 2010), a matsayin Malou * Nachtschicht [de]: "Blutige Stadt [de]t" (Network Movie, 2007) * ''KDD: "Scham"'' (Hofmann & Voges / ZDF, 2008), a matsayin David Kwahne * Kommissarin Lucas: "German Angst" (Olga Film / ZDF, 2007), a matsayin Chris Arano * ''Tatort: "Schattenspiele"'' (Studio Hamburg, 2006), a matsayin Jonathan Waputo * ''Tatort: "Ein Tod aus Afrika"'' (Satel Film / ORF, 2006), a matsayin Farah * ''Gefangene'' (Tagtraum / ZDF, 2005), a matsayin Moussa * ''Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall: "Künstlerpech"'' (Dor Film / ORF, 2004), a matsayin Maurice Videre * Likitoci: "Shattered Dreams" (BBC, 2003), a matsayin Simon Dunning * EastEnders (BBC, 2003), a matsayin Dokta Murray * Holby City: "Facing Facts" (BBC, 2002), a matsayin Howard Lewis * ''Sarkin Glen'' (2001), a matsayin DC West * ''Gilashin'' - 4 Abubuwa (2001), kamar yadda Ray Collins * Babban aiki: "Walls of Jericho" (Central Television (2000), a matsayin Tyrone Wells * The Whistle-Blower (BBC, 2000), a matsayin Tony Shiner * ''Stigma'' (Maverick Films, 1998, takaice), a matsayin Thierry Masart * All Our Sins Remembered... (Polite Films, 1997, takaice), kamar yadda Jack Whitehawk * Bayan The Wax (dir. Chaz Maviyane-Davies, 1992, takaice) * Shugabannin sassan a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin daban-daban kamar The Bill, EastEnders, Screen One (Black da Blue), The Professionals, Boon 1989-97 == Kyaututtuka == * '''2011:''' ''The Cost of Living'' ya lashe kyautar '''Mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya''' a bikin '''Lagos Heritage Festival'''. * '''1990:''' Ya lashe '''Kyautar Evening Standard''' saboda wasan kwaikwayo ''Talking in Tongues'', wanda aka gabatar a '''Royal Court Theatre'''. Haka kuma, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan takara a rukunin '''Mafi kyawun jarumi mai taka rawar tallafi'''. * '''1993:''' Fim ɗin ''After the Wax'' ya lashe kyaututtuka a bikin fina-finai na Afirka ta Kudu da aka gudanar a '''Harare''', inda ya lashe kyautar '''Mafi kyawun darakta''' da kuma '''Mafi kyawun gajeren fim'''. == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje ==   * {{Official website|http://www.nickmonu.com}} * {{IMDb name|1111743}} * [https://www.thalia-theater.de/presse/fotos-zu-stuecken/2015&2016/thalia-theater/fruechte-des-zorns Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Thalia Hamburg] An adana shi 4 Disamba 2024 a {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 752jwi7j026qn55419a5yqrrdk5gpg9 0 177749 961440 2026-10-01T16:04:11Z Uncle Bash007 9891 Uncle Bash007 moved page [[Babban taron jam'iyyar Republican]] to [[Jam'iyyar National Republican Convention]] 961440 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Jam'iyyar National Republican Convention]] hueui7fvooi6yzh62w8v3oe0qn34brr 0 177750 961447 2026-10-01T16:21:53Z HK RIGASA2 28228 Sabuwar mukala 961447 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tarihin juyin mulkin soja a Najeriya''' ya ƙunshi jerin juyin mulki da yunƙurin juyin mulki da suka faru a Najeriya tun daga shekarar 1966. Tsakanin 1966 zuwa 1999, sojoji sun yi mulkin Najeriya na manyan lokuta biyu, wato 1966–1979 da 1983–1998. == Juyin mulki na 1966 == A ranar 15 ga Janairu 1966, wasu ƙananan hafsoshin sojan Najeriya suka gudanar da juyin mulki wanda ya kawo ƙarshen Jamhuriyar Farko. An kashe Firayim Minista [[Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]], sannan [[Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi]] ya karɓi mulki. == Juyin martani na 1966 == A watan Yulin 1966, an gudanar da juyin martani wanda ya kawo [[Yakubu Gowon]] a matsayin shugaban gwamnatin soja. Abubuwan da suka biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966 sun taimaka wajen ƙara rikicin siyasa da kabilanci wanda daga baya ya kai ga [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]]. == Juyin mulki na 1975 == A shekarar 1975, sojoji suka hambarar da gwamnatin [[Yakubu Gowon]], sannan [[Murtala Mohammed]] ya karɓi shugabancin ƙasar. Wannan ya kasance wani sabon sauyi a jerin gwamnatocin soja na Najeriya. == Yunƙurin juyin mulki na 1976 == A ranar 13 ga Fabrairu 1976, [[Buka Suka Dimka]] ya jagoranci yunƙurin juyin mulki. An kashe Murtala Mohammed a yayin yunƙurin, amma yunƙurin bai yi nasara ba. Daga baya [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ya zama shugaban gwamnatin soja. == Juyin mulki na 1983 == A ranar 31 ga Disamba 1983, sojoji suka hambarar da gwamnatin farar hula ta [[Shehu Shagari]]. [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya zama shugaban ƙasa na soja. == Juyin mulki na 1985 == A watan Agustan 1985, [[Ibrahim Babangida]] ya jagoranci juyin mulki wanda ya hambarar da gwamnatin Buhari. == Yunƙurin juyin mulki na 1990 == A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 1990, [[Gideon Orkar]] ya jagoranci yunƙurin juyin mulki kan gwamnatin Babangida. Yunƙurin ya gaza. Majiyoyin tarihi sun ƙirga wannan cikin yunƙurin juyin mulkin da suka faru a lokacin mulkin soja. == Mulkin soja na 1993–1999 == Bayan ƙarshen mulkin Babangida, Najeriya ta sake shiga wani sabon lokaci na mulkin soja. [[Sani Abacha]] ya karɓi mulki a 1993, sannan bayan rasuwarsa a 1998, [[Abdulsalami Abubakar]] ya zama shugaban ƙasa na soja. A shekarar 1999, Najeriya ta koma mulkin farar hula. Miƙa mulkin daga gwamnatin soja zuwa gwamnatin farar hula ya kasance muhimmin sauyi a tarihin siyasar ƙasar. == Tasiri == Jerin juyin mulkin soja ya yi tasiri ga tsarin siyasa da hukumomin Najeriya. Tsawon lokacin mulkin soja ya kuma kasance wani muhimmin sashe na tarihin dangantakar da ke tsakanin sojoji da gwamnatin farar hula. == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Jamhuriyar Farko (Najeriya)]] * [[Jamhuriyar Biyu (Najeriya)]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Tarihin siyasar Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Juyin mulkin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mulkin soja a Najeriya]] d64vfxvyc5loo0a06qp615swdvwg90a 961521 961447 2026-10-01T18:30:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 Redirected page to [[Juyin mulki a Najeriya, 1996]] 961521 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Juyin mulki a Najeriya, 1996]] iatv4d6ckxnbnzqyy3f57styt0xhb0f 0 177752 961451 2026-10-01T16:44:12Z HK RIGASA2 28228 Sabuwar mukala 961451 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. [1][2] == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. [1][2] Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. [2] == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a Birtaniya. [2][3] A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. [3] == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. [1][4] A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. [1] == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. [2] == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. [1][2] Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] 76rjh7gde3d2ju1ct7k79i6o1bq14y9 961474 961451 2026-10-01T17:55:11Z Pharouqenr 25549 961474 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. [1][2] Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. [2] == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a Birtaniya. [2][3] A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. [3] == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. [1][4] A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. [1] == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. [2] == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. [1][2] Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] 5sqvdqoccdhtzdmm914q159qw9c24dq 961475 961474 2026-10-01T17:55:23Z Pharouqenr 25549 961475 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. [1][2] Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a Birtaniya. [2][3] A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. [3] == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. [1][4] A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. [1] == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. [2] == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. [1][2] Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] 17o6ex9w8qpeg12xi4am3c4ckz03uo3 961476 961475 2026-10-01T17:55:36Z Pharouqenr 25549 961476 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. [1][2] Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a Birtaniya. [2][3] A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. [1][4] A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. [1] == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. [2] == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. [1][2] Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] r3iyhve3dkx7r73kb79qiaj5xudmqb4 961477 961476 2026-10-01T17:55:47Z Pharouqenr 25549 961477 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a Birtaniya. [2][3] A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. [1][4] A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. [1] == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. [2] == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. [1][2] Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] eb5deevu0inc12y565c35tumvmanjku 961478 961477 2026-10-01T17:56:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 961478 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a Birtaniya. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. [1][4] A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. [1] == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. [2] == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. [1][2] Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] cbmi7xigvljhadnlyq7ate4lw24mrej 961479 961478 2026-10-01T17:56:16Z Pharouqenr 25549 961479 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a Birtaniya. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. [1] == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. [2] == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. [1][2] Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] 0sjc5vi0a7y1fp6y13bet7kd0adusd6 961481 961479 2026-10-01T17:56:31Z Pharouqenr 25549 961481 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a Birtaniya. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. [2] == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. [1][2] Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] o6hz1i4j177yvt3zkn9vl8m8gh5j6bz 961482 961481 2026-10-01T17:56:48Z Pharouqenr 25549 961482 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a Birtaniya. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. [1][2] Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] tk2csb3o66ist7mnc9y8n2zdnez1zyj 961483 961482 2026-10-01T17:57:06Z Pharouqenr 25549 961483 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a Birtaniya. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] e47k3qym1dv3g6xbjakr9qgjq3shtgw 961484 961483 2026-10-01T17:57:35Z Pharouqenr 25549 961484 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a [[Birtaniya]]. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] 0t3gxgrhwxap297yq6h54rser7wnzu5 961485 961484 2026-10-01T17:57:51Z Pharouqenr 25549 961485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin [[Najeriya]] a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a [[Birtaniya]]. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] rne0uu9nphrnde6iwwd02rzjkotkyr2 961486 961485 2026-10-01T17:58:06Z Pharouqenr 25549 961486 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin [[Najeriya]] a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar [[Katsina]]. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a [[Birtaniya]]. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. [2] == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] jrn36tvn8kus5mod7m3193j95rv07ts 961487 961486 2026-10-01T17:58:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 961487 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin [[Najeriya]] a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar [[Katsina]]. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a [[Birtaniya]]. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. [5] == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] g7r8yonwona82ic705ykdmxn17xv394 961488 961487 2026-10-01T17:58:37Z Pharouqenr 25549 961488 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin [[Najeriya]] a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar [[Katsina]]. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a [[Birtaniya]]. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. [1][2] == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] 8eqcwx83c6e3c227nsiym391sp9ikqz 961489 961488 2026-10-01T17:58:51Z Pharouqenr 25549 961489 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin [[Najeriya]] a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar [[Katsina]]. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a [[Birtaniya]]. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] bwcd9y2rib5hd7qfp1hvg8m3bm40l9e 961490 961489 2026-10-01T17:59:09Z Pharouqenr 25549 961490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Hassan Usman Katsina''' (31 Maris 1933 – 24 Yuli 1995) babban hafsan sojan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan gidan sarautar Katsina. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na [[Arewacin Najeriya]] daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967. Daga baya ya zama [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin [[Najeriya]] a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], sannan ya riƙe mukamin mataimakin Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Hassan Usman Katsina a ranar 31 Maris 1933 a [[Katsina]]. Mahaifinsa shi ne [[Usman Nagogo]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1944 zuwa 1981, yayin da kakansa shi ne [[Muhammadu Dikko]], Sarkin Katsina daga 1906 zuwa 1944. Hakan ya sanya Katsina ya fito daga gidan sarautar [[Katsina]]. Ya yi karatu a Kankiya Elementary School, Katsina Middle School, Kaduna College da Institute of Administration da ke Zariya. Daga baya ya yi karatu a Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology da ke Zariya. == Aikin soja == Katsina ya shiga [[Nigerian Army]] a shekarar 1956. Ya samu horo a makarantu daban-daban na soja a Ghana da Birtaniya, ciki har da Mons Officer Cadet School da [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]]. Daga baya ya kuma yi horo a Fort Benning da ke Amurka, Staff College Camberley da Royal College for Defence Studies a [[Birtaniya]]. A shekarar 1961, ya yi aiki a [[Congo]] a matsayin jami'in leƙen asiri a lokacin [[Congo Crisis]]. == Gwamnan Arewacin Najeriya == Bayan juyin mulkin Janairu 1966, Hassan Katsina ya zama Gwamnan Soja na Yankin Arewacin Najeriya. Ya riƙe wannan mukami daga 16 Janairu 1966 zuwa 27 Mayu 1967, lokacin da aka soke tsarin yankuna kuma aka ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12. A lokacin da yake gwamna, ya ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan gwamnatin yankin tare da wasu manyan ma'aikatan gwamnati. Daga cikin muhimman al'amuran lokacin mulkinsa akwai rikicin siyasa da na tsarin tarayya da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin 1966. == Interim Common Services Agency == Bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967, aka naɗa Katsina shugaban [[Interim Common Services Agency]] (ICSA). Ya riƙe wannan matsayi daga 1967 zuwa 1968. == Chief of Army Staff == A watan Mayun 1968, aka naɗa Katsina [[Chief of Army Staff]] na Sojojin Najeriya bayan rasuwar Joseph Akahan. Ya riƙe mukamin a lokacin [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]], inda ya kasance cikin manyan jami'an soja da ke jagorantar ayyukan rundunar gwamnatin tarayya. Ya ci gaba da riƙe mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1971. Daga baya ya riƙe mukamin Deputy Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1975. == Hoto a Kaduna Nursing Home == [[File:Hassan Usman Katsina visiting a patient at Kaduna Nursing Home.jpg|thumb|Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. A bayansa akwai Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin.]] Wani hoto na tarihi ya nuna Laftanar-Kanar Hassan Usman Katsina yana ziyartar wani majiyyaci a gadonsa a Kaduna Nursing Home. Bayanin hoton da National Library of Nigeria ta adana ya bayyana cewa Dr. P. H. Ghaveker, jami'in likita mai kula da asibitin, yana bayansa. == Rasuwarsa == Hassan Usman Katsina ya rasu a Kaduna a ranar 24 Yuli 1995, yana da shekaru 62. == Duba kuma == * [[Tarihin Najeriya]] * [[Juyin mulkin Najeriya na 1966]] * [[Yaƙin Basasar Najeriya]] * [[Usman Nagogo]] * [[Muhammadu Dikko]] * [[Sojojin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Hausa]] [[Rukuni:Sojojin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Katsina]] [[Rukuni:Gwamnonin Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutanen Najeriya]] rji022gf2zrtthaxj30qrquvezs1i69 961492 961490 2026-10-01T18:02:21Z Pharouqenr 25549 Redirected page to [[Hassan Usman Katsina]] 961492 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Hassan Usman Katsina]] 2b7o8z1kho4bz5d57slook47kr7zmsu 0 177753 961453 2026-10-01T16:49:18Z HK RIGASA2 28228 Sabuwar mukala 961453 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jihar Kaduna''' jiha ce da ke a [[Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya]]. An kafa jihar a ranar 27 ga Mayu 1967 a ƙarƙashin tsarin sake fasalin jihohin Najeriya da gwamnatin soji ta [[Yakubu Gowon]] ta yi, kuma an fara kiranta da ''North-Central State''. A shekarar 1976 aka sauya sunan jihar zuwa Kaduna State. A shekarar 1987 aka raba wani ɓangare na jihar Kaduna domin kafa [[Jihar Katsina]]. Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]]. [1][2] == Tarihin jihar == Kafin ƙirƙirar Jihar Kaduna a shekarar 1967, yankin da yanzu yake cikin jihar yana cikin tsarin mulkin [[Arewacin Najeriya]] da kuma wasu tsoffin masarautu da hukumomin gargajiya. Kaduna ta zama muhimmiyar cibiyar gudanar da mulki a lokacin mulkin mallakar Birtaniya, musamman bayan aka mayar da ita hedikwatar [[Northern Provinces]] sannan daga baya [[Northern Region]]. [3] Bayan samun 'yancin kan Najeriya a shekarar 1960, Kaduna ta ci gaba da kasancewa cibiyar siyasa da gudanar da mulki ta Arewacin Najeriya. Garin ya kasance hedikwatar gwamnatin [[Northern Region]], kuma daga Kaduna ne gwamnatin yankin ta gudanar da harkokinta. [3][4] == Kaduna a matsayin cibiyar siyasar Arewa == A zamanin [[Jamhuriyar Farko (Najeriya)|Jamhuriyar Farko]], Kaduna ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin siyasa da gudanar da mulki a Najeriya. [[Ahmadu Bello]], Sardaunan Sokoto, ya kasance [[Premier of Northern Nigeria|Premier na Arewacin Najeriya]] daga shekarar 1954 zuwa 1966, kuma gwamnatin yankin tana Kaduna. [4] A lokacin mulkin Ahmadu Bello, an gudanar da ayyukan raya birane da faɗaɗa cibiyoyin gwamnati, ilimi da sauran ababen more rayuwa a Kaduna. Birnin ya kuma kasance wurin zama da aiki ga jami'an gwamnati, 'yan siyasa da sauran ma'aikatan gwamnatin yankin. [3][4] Kaduna ta ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasar Najeriya bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967. Birnin ya kasance babban birnin jihar Kaduna, kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin muhimman cibiyoyin siyasa, kasuwanci da ilimi a Arewacin Najeriya. == Asalin sunan Kaduna == Sunan ''Kaduna'' yana da alaƙa da [[Kogin Kaduna]], wanda ya ratsa yankin. Akwai wata sananniyar fassara da ke danganta sunan ''Kaduna'' da kalmar Hausa '''kada''', wato ''crocodile'', saboda alaƙar da aka yi da yawan kada a kogin a tarihi. [5] Sai dai ya kamata a bambanta wannan bayani da hujjar tarihi: ba a kamata a gabatar da labarin asalin sunan a matsayin tabbataccen abu ba tare da ingantacciyar majiya mai zaman kanta da ta tabbatar da shi ba. == Ƙirƙirar Jihar Kaduna == A ranar 27 ga Mayu 1967, gwamnatin soja karkashin Janar Yakubu Gowon ta ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12 daga tsoffin yankuna. Daga cikin sabbin jihohin akwai ''North-Central State'', wanda ya ƙunshi yankunan da daga baya suka zama Jihar Kaduna da wasu sassa. [1][2] A shekarar 1976, gwamnatin soja ta ƙirƙiri ƙarin jihohi kuma aka sauya sunan ''North-Central State'' zuwa '''Kaduna State'''. [2] A shekarar 1987, aka ƙirƙiri [[Jihar Katsina]] daga wani ɓangare na Jihar Kaduna. Wannan ya rage girman yankin jihar Kaduna daga yadda take a lokacin da aka sauya mata suna a shekarar 1976. [2] == Ƙasa da al'adu == Jihar Kaduna tana da al'ummomi masu yawa da harsuna da al'adu daban-daban. Yankin jihar ya ƙunshi al'ummomin Hausa da Fulani da kuma wasu ƙabilu da dama na kudancin Kaduna da sauran sassan jihar. Kaduna kuma ta kasance muhimmiyar cibiyar ilimi. Akwai manyan cibiyoyin ilimi da bincike a jihar, ciki har da [[Ahmadu Bello University]] da ke Zariya, [[Nigerian Defence Academy]] da ke Kaduna, da wasu manyan makarantu da cibiyoyin horar da ma'aikata. == Muhimmancin Kaduna a tarihin Najeriya == Matsayin Kaduna a matsayin hedikwatar mulkin Arewacin Najeriya ya sanya birnin ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin siyasar Najeriya kafin da bayan samun 'yancin kai. Birnin ya kasance wurin da aka gudanar da harkokin gwamnatin yankin, ayyukan ilimi da horar da ma'aikata, da kuma muhimman ayyukan soja da na gwamnati. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Jihar Kaduna]] [[Rukuni:Tarihin Jihar Kaduna]] [[Rukuni:Tarihin Najeriya]] kn8736zrvpw2utz2qu2aua4h5qyfvej 961509 961453 2026-10-01T18:19:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 961509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Jihar Kaduna''' jiha ce da ke a [[Arewa maso Yammacin Najeriya]]. An kafa jihar a ranar 27 ga Mayu 1967 a ƙarƙashin tsarin sake fasalin jihohin Najeriya da gwamnatin soji ta [[Yakubu Gowon]] ta yi, kuma an fara kiranta da ''North-Central State''. A shekarar 1976 aka sauya sunan jihar zuwa Kaduna State. A shekarar 1987 aka raba wani ɓangare na jihar Kaduna domin kafa [[Jihar Katsina]]. Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]]. [1][2] == Tarihin jihar == Kafin ƙirƙirar Jihar Kaduna a shekarar 1967, yankin da yanzu yake cikin jihar yana cikin tsarin mulkin [[Arewacin Najeriya]] da kuma wasu tsoffin masarautu da hukumomin gargajiya. Kaduna ta zama muhimmiyar cibiyar gudanar da mulki a lokacin mulkin mallakar Birtaniya, musamman bayan aka mayar da ita hedikwatar [[Northern Provinces]] sannan daga baya [[Northern Region]]. [3] Bayan samun 'yancin kan Najeriya a shekarar 1960, Kaduna ta ci gaba da kasancewa cibiyar siyasa da gudanar da mulki ta Arewacin Najeriya. Garin ya kasance hedikwatar gwamnatin [[Northern Region]], kuma daga Kaduna ne gwamnatin yankin ta gudanar da harkokinta. [3][4] == Kaduna a matsayin cibiyar siyasar Arewa == A zamanin [[Jamhuriyar Farko (Najeriya)|Jamhuriyar Farko]], Kaduna ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin siyasa da gudanar da mulki a Najeriya. [[Ahmadu Bello]], Sardaunan Sokoto, ya kasance [[Premier of Northern Nigeria|Premier na Arewacin Najeriya]] daga shekarar 1954 zuwa 1966, kuma gwamnatin yankin tana Kaduna. [4] A lokacin mulkin Ahmadu Bello, an gudanar da ayyukan raya birane da faɗaɗa cibiyoyin gwamnati, ilimi da sauran ababen more rayuwa a Kaduna. Birnin ya kuma kasance wurin zama da aiki ga jami'an gwamnati, 'yan siyasa da sauran ma'aikatan gwamnatin yankin. [3][4] Kaduna ta ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasar Najeriya bayan ƙirƙirar jihohi a shekarar 1967. Birnin ya kasance babban birnin jihar Kaduna, kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin muhimman cibiyoyin siyasa, kasuwanci da ilimi a Arewacin Najeriya. == Asalin sunan Kaduna == Sunan ''Kaduna'' yana da alaƙa da [[Kogin Kaduna]], wanda ya ratsa yankin. Akwai wata sananniyar fassara da ke danganta sunan ''Kaduna'' da kalmar Hausa '''kada''', wato ''crocodile'', saboda alaƙar da aka yi da yawan kada a kogin a tarihi. [5] Sai dai ya kamata a bambanta wannan bayani da hujjar tarihi: ba a kamata a gabatar da labarin asalin sunan a matsayin tabbataccen abu ba tare da ingantacciyar majiya mai zaman kanta da ta tabbatar da shi ba. == Ƙirƙirar Jihar Kaduna == A ranar 27 ga Mayu 1967, gwamnatin soja karkashin Janar Yakubu Gowon ta ƙirƙiri sabbin jihohi 12 daga tsoffin yankuna. Daga cikin sabbin jihohin akwai ''North-Central State'', wanda ya ƙunshi yankunan da daga baya suka zama Jihar Kaduna da wasu sassa. [1][2] A shekarar 1976, gwamnatin soja ta ƙirƙiri ƙarin jihohi kuma aka sauya sunan ''North-Central State'' zuwa '''Kaduna State'''. [2] A shekarar 1987, aka ƙirƙiri [[Jihar Katsina]] daga wani ɓangare na Jihar Kaduna. Wannan ya rage girman yankin jihar Kaduna daga yadda take a lokacin da aka sauya mata suna a shekarar 1976. [2] == Ƙasa da al'adu == Jihar Kaduna tana da al'ummomi masu yawa da harsuna da al'adu daban-daban. Yankin jihar ya ƙunshi al'ummomin Hausa da Fulani da kuma wasu ƙabilu da dama na kudancin Kaduna da sauran sassan jihar. Kaduna kuma ta kasance muhimmiyar cibiyar ilimi. Akwai manyan cibiyoyin ilimi da bincike a jihar, ciki har da [[Ahmadu Bello University]] da ke Zariya, [[Nigerian Defence Academy]] da ke Kaduna, da wasu manyan makarantu da cibiyoyin horar da ma'aikata. == Muhimmancin Kaduna a tarihin Najeriya == Matsayin Kaduna a matsayin hedikwatar mulkin Arewacin Najeriya ya sanya birnin ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin siyasar Najeriya kafin da bayan samun 'yancin kai. Birnin ya kasance wurin da aka gudanar da harkokin gwamnatin yankin, ayyukan ilimi da horar da ma'aikata, da kuma muhimman ayyukan soja da na gwamnati. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Jihar Kaduna]] [[Rukuni:Tarihin Jihar Kaduna]] [[Rukuni:Tarihin Najeriya]] j6ko7qlsaheqgk03l9zxh3cqhfhlgsy 961511 961509 2026-10-01T18:20:28Z Pharouqenr 25549 Redirected page to [[Kaduna (birni)]] 961511 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Kaduna (birni)]] nk4wo457jgf2w2fbmpcse10bovzy26z 0 177754 961458 2026-10-01T17:13:51Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: '''Lawanti''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Akko]] Local Government Area na [[Gombe State]], Najeriya. Rahoton ''PUNCH'' ya bayyana Lawanti a matsayin al'umma da ke Akko LGA, kuma ya nuna cewa ƙauyen yana kusa da filin jirgin Gombe. <ref>{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |date=9 August 2026 |title=Inside Gombe community child sexual abuse crisis |url=https://punchng.com/inside-gombe-community-child-sexual-abuse-crisis/ |work=PUNCH |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Lawanti t... 961458 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lawanti''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Akko]] Local Government Area na [[Gombe State]], Najeriya. Rahoton ''PUNCH'' ya bayyana Lawanti a matsayin al'umma da ke Akko LGA, kuma ya nuna cewa ƙauyen yana kusa da filin jirgin Gombe. <ref>{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |date=9 August 2026 |title=Inside Gombe community child sexual abuse crisis |url=https://punchng.com/inside-gombe-community-child-sexual-abuse-crisis/ |work=PUNCH |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Lawanti tana kan hanyar Gombe–Bauchi, kuma yankin yana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa saboda kasancewar filin jirgin Gombe a yankin. ''Nigerian Tribune'' ta ruwaito cewa filin jirgin yana Lawanti kuma yana matsayin babbar ƙofa zuwa jihar Gombe. <ref>{{cite news |last=Rasak |first=Adekunle |date=1 June 2022 |title=Gombe govt laments facilities decay in international airport, blames past administrations |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/gombe-govt-laments-facilities-decay-in-international-airport-blames-past-administrations/ |work=Tribune Online |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2026, wani hatsarin motar dakon iskar gas ya faru a Lawanti, inda mutane biyar suka mutu sannan wasu suka samu raunuka. ''PUNCH'' ta ruwaito cewa hatsarin ya faru ne lokacin da tankar LPG ta kutsa cikin mazauna yankin. <ref>{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |date=12 January 2026 |title=Five die in Gombe accident, gov mourns |url=https://punchng.com/five-die-in-gombe-accident-gov-mourns/ |work=PUNCH |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> ''Tribune Online'' ma ta tabbatar da cewa jana'izar waɗanda suka mutu a hatsarin ta gudana a fadar shugaban gundumar Lawanti, inda aka bayyana Bello Hassan a matsayin District Head na Lawanti. <ref>{{cite news |last=Michael |first=Ishola |date=13 January 2026 |title=Gombe gov mourns five killed in Lawanti LPG tanker crash |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/gombe-gov-mourns-five-killed-in-lawanti-lpg-tanker-crash/ |work=Tribune Online |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2023, gwamnatin jihar Gombe ta amince da naɗin shugabannin gundumomi da ƙauyuka a wasu masarautun jihar. A cikin jerin naɗin da ''Tribune Online'' ta wallafa, an ambaci Bello Hassan a matsayin District Head na Lawanti, sannan Abdullahi Lamido Umar a matsayin Village Head na Lawanti. <ref>{{cite news |last=Michael |first=Ishola |date=12 August 2023 |title=Gov Inuwa approves appointment of district, village heads for 5 emirate councils |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/gov-inuwa-approves-appointment-of-district-village-heads-for-5-emirate-councils/ |work=Tribune Online |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Lawanti ta kuma kasance wurin da aka kafa sansanin wucin gadi ga waɗanda ambaliyar ruwa ta raba da muhallansu a shekarar 2012. ''Vanguard'' ta ruwaito cewa an buɗe sansanin a Lawanti Primary School, inda sama da gidaje 70 da ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa suka samu mafaka. <ref>{{cite news |last=Bulus |first=John |date=13 October 2012 |title=Victims count losses as flood ravages Gombe |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/victims-count-losses-as-flood-ravages-gombe/ |work=Vanguard |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A wani rahoton na ''Vanguard'', an bayyana cewa waɗanda ambaliyar ta shafa sun zauna a sansanin Lawanti Primary School tun daga Satumba 2012, yayin da hukumomin jihar suka samar da kayan agaji da sauran tallafi ga waɗanda abin ya shafa. <ref>{{cite news |last=Bulus |first=John |date=26 October 2012 |title=FLOOD: Gombe SEMA supervises compensation exercise |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/flood-gombe-sema-supervises-compensation-exercise/ |work=Vanguard |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2025, mutane bakwai daga Lawanti sun mutu a wani hatsarin mota yayin da suke tafiya Maiduguri domin halartar bikin aure. ''PUNCH'' ta ruwaito cewa mutanen sun fito ne daga al'ummar Lawanti da ke Akko Local Government Area. <ref>{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |date=27 December 2025 |title=Seven killed in Gombe auto crash, governor mourns |url=https://punchng.com/seven-killed-in-gombe-auto-crash-gov-mourns/ |work=PUNCH |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> quoc7h4rk36vu0ev1mvo7delzqk5lje 0 177755 961459 2026-10-01T17:17:31Z Santa MMD 23886 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373493380|International Blind Sports Federation]]" 961459 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization|name=International Blind Sports Federation|type=Sports federation|headquarters=[[Bonn]], Germany<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ibsasport.org/about/who-we-are/history/|title=History}}</ref>|membership=|language=}}'''Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makafi ta Duniya''' ( '''{{Not a typo|IBSA}}''' ) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta da aka kafa a shekarar 1981 a [[Faris|birnin Paris]], Faransa. A da an san ta da Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makafi ta Duniya. Manufar IBSA ita ce ta haɓaka cikakken haɗin kai tsakanin mutane [[Makanta|makafi]] da marasa gani sosai a cikin al'umma ta hanyar wasanni da kuma ƙarfafa mutanen da ke da [[Makanta|nakasa ta gani]] su fara yin wasanni da kuma yin wasanni. IBSA cikakken memba ne kuma wanda ya kafa [[Kwamitin Wasannin Paralympic na Duniya|Kwamitin Paralympic na Duniya]] (IPC). A watan Maris na 2022, dangane da mamayar da Rasha ta yi wa Ukraine a shekarar 2022, ta haramta wa 'yan wasa da jami'ai na Rasha da Belarus shiga wasanninta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 March 2022 |title=International Blind Sports Federation latest body to ban Russia and Belarus |url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1120614/ibsa-russia-belarus-ban |website=www.insidethegames.biz}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makafi ta Duniya, wacce aka fi sani da suna 'IBSA', a shekarar 1981. <ref name="IBSA40">{{Cite web |date=10 October 2021 |title=Former Presidents mark IBSA's 40th anniversary |url=https://ibsasport.org/former-presidents-mark-ibsas-40th-anniversary/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> Shugaban IBSA na farko shi ne mai tseren gudu na Paralympic kuma mai wasan tsalle-tsalle a kan dusar ƙanƙara, Jens Bromann (daga Denmark) wanda ya yi shekaru takwas, kafin ya shiga Kwamitin Wasannin Paralympic na Duniya daga 1988 zuwa 1992. <ref name="IBSA40" /> <ref name="IBSAhistory">{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://ibsasport.org/about/who-we-are/history/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> IBSA tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi huɗu, daga baya ta zama shida, waɗanda suka kafa 'Kwamitin Haɗin gwiwa na Duniya na Wasanni ga Nakasassu a Duniya' (ICC) a 1982, wanda a ranar 22 ga Satumba 1989 ya zama [[Kwamitin Wasannin Paralympic na Duniya|Kwamitin Nakasassu na Duniya]], a matsayin hukumar gudanarwa ta duniya ta ƙungiyar Paralympic. <ref name="IBSAhistory" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paralympics history |url=https://www.paralympic.org/ipc/history |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Paralympic Committee}}</ref> Shugaban ƙasa na biyu (1993 zuwa 2001) shine Enrique Sanz (daga Spain), sai kuma Enrique Perrez (daga 2001 zuwa 2005; shi ma daga Spain). <ref name="IBSAhistory" /> Shugaba na huɗu Michael Barredo (daga Philippines) ya yi wa'adi biyu, daga 2005 zuwa 2013. <ref name="IBSA40" /> Jannie Hammershøi (daga Denmark), tsohuwar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Paralympic, ta fara aiki a watan Satumba na 2013 don yin wa'adi uku. Ƙungiyar ta canza sunanta zuwa tarayya tsakanin 2002 da 2003, lokacin da take zaune a Spain kuma ta yi amfani da adireshin yanar gizo www.ibsa.es. Daga baya aka mayar da ƙungiyar zuwa birnin Bonn, Jamus. Tambarin ta kuma canza a wani lokaci daga wakilcin duniya, zuwa farkon sunayenta tare da sunan ƙungiyar da ke ƙasa; a cikin tambarin biyu, ana wakiltar kalmar IBSA a cikin dige-dige [[Braille|na Braille]] . Shugaban ƙungiyar wasanni ta makafi ta Italiya, Sandro Di Girolamo, na shida (daga Italiya), ya fara wa'adin shekaru huɗu daga ranar Litinin 11 ga Oktoba, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2021 |title=Di Girolamo elected IBSA President |url=https://ibsasport.org/di-girolamo-elected-ibsa-president/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> An yanke wa'adin ne da wani babban taro na musamman a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2023, <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2023 |title=Candidates for the IBSA Extraordinary General Assembly |url=https://ibsasport.org/candidates-for-the-ibsa-extraordinary-general-assembly/ |access-date=22 December 2023 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) |publisher=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> inda Ilgar Rahimov (daga Azerbaijan) ya fara wa'adinsa na shekaru huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2023 |title=Ilgar Rahimov is the new IBSA president |url=https://ibsasport.org/ilgar-rahimov-is-the-new-ibsa-president/ |access-date=22 December 2023 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) |publisher=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2025, ƙungiyar ta fitar da kasafin kuɗi, <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2025 |title=IBSA Budget 2026: A New Financial Policy and a New Framework for Sustainable Development |url=https://www.ibsasport.org/news/ibsa-budget-2026-a-new-financial-policy-and-a-new-framework-for-sustainable-development/ |access-date=31 December 2025 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> da kuma tsarin dabarun da aka fi sani. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2025 |title=IBSA Executive Board Approves the Strategic Framework 2025–2030 |url=https://www.ibsasport.org/news/ibsa-executive-board-approves-the-strategic-framework-20252030/ |access-date=31 December 2025 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> == Wasanni == IBSA ƙungiya ce ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta wasanni da dama ga mutanen da ke da nakasa ta gani, waɗanda suka haɗa da wasannin [[Wasannin Paralympic|Paralympic]] guda uku ( ƙwallon ƙafa ta makafi, ƙwallon raga, da Para judo ), [[Dara (Chess)|wasan dara]], [[Wasan motsa jiki na Paralympic|ɗagawa da ƙarfi]], wasan bowling na pin goma, wasan bowling na pin tara, wasan torball, da kuma wasan hamayya . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 February 2016 |title=Sports |url=http://www.ibsasport.org/sports/ |website=ibsasport.org}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2026, an ƙara wasan tennis na makafi da na ƙarancin gani a cikin wasannin IBSA. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 August 2026 |title=IBSA establishes Blind Tennis Committee, opening a new chapter for the sport |url=https://ibsasport.org/news/ibsa-establishes-blind-tennis-committee-opening-a-new-chapter-for-the-sport/ |access-date=10 August 2026 |publisher=[[International Blind Sports Federation]]}}</ref> Ana gudanar da gasar a cikin yankuna biyar: Afirka, Amurka, Asiya, Turai, da Oceania. <ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSA regions |url=https://ibsasport.org/about/who-we-are/ibsa-regions/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> A fannin ƙwallon raga, an haɗa Asiya da Oceania a matsayin yankin 'Asiya-Pacific'. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rules and download |url=https://goalball.sport/about-goalball/rules-and-downloads/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=IBSA Goalball}}</ref> == Wasannin motsa jiki == Taron IBSA shine Gasar Wasannin Duniya da IBSA, wanda ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru huɗu. Wasannin farko sun faru ne a shekarar 1998 a [[Madrid]], Spain, sannan kuma a shekarar 2003 a [[Kebek (birni)|birnin Quebec]], Kanada. An gudanar da bugu na uku na wasannin a [[São Paulo]], Brazil, a shekarar 2007, kuma an gudanar da wasannin 2011 a [[Antalya]], Turkiyya. A shekarar 2015, tsakanin 8 zuwa 18 ga Mayu, an gudanar da gasar cin kofin duniya ta IBSA karo na 5 a [[Seoul]], Koriya ta Kudu, kuma an fafata a gasar powerlifting, judo, ballball, kwallon kafa, dara, tenpin bowling, tandem cycling, iyo, iyo, da kuma wasannin motsa jiki. IBSA kuma tana shirya gasar cin kofin duniya da ta yankuna a yawancin wasanninta. Gasar cin kofin yankuna ko na nahiyar galibi ana gudanar da ita ne a cikin shekaru daban-daban, yayin da gasar cin kofin duniya ke gudana duk bayan shekaru hudu a cikin shekaru ma'ana idan babu wasannin Paralympic. == Abubuwan da suka faru == === Wasannin Duniya na IBSA === === Wasannin Matasa na Duniya na IBSA (WYC) === * Tsohon suna: Wasannin Matasa da Dalibai na Duniya na IBSA {| class="wikitable" ! width="20" |Bugun ! width="20" | Shekara ! width="200" | Mai masaukin baki ! width="120" | Kwanaki ! width="20" | Wasanni |- | align="center" | 1 | 2005 |{{Flag|USA}} , [[Colorado Springs]] | 4–10 ga Agusta | align="center" | 5 |- | align="center" | 2 | 2007 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 11–17 Yuli | align="center" | 5 |- | align="center" | 3 | 2009 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 15–20 Yuli | align="center" | 3 |- | align="center" | 4 | 2011 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 13–18 ga Yuli | align="center" | 3 |- | align="center" | 5 | 2013 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 13–15 Satumba | align="center" | 2 |- | align="center" | 6 | 2015 |{{Flag|USA}} , [[Colorado Springs]] | 26–30 Yuli | align="center" | 1 |- | align="center" | 7 | 2017 |{{Flag|HUN}} , [[Budaörs]] | 1–9 ga Yuli | align="center" | 1 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Final Results: 2017 IBSA Goalball World Youth Championships – News – IBSA |url=http://www.ibsasport.org/news/1235/final-results-2017-ibsa-goalball-world-youth-championships |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209100225/http://www.ibsasport.org/news/1235/final-results-2017-ibsa-goalball-world-youth-championships |archive-date=9 December 2017 |access-date=17 December 2017}}</ref> |} == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] q4x5bm12q0qnm1nxtbvv8fpq341scyn 961460 961459 2026-10-01T17:18:14Z Santa MMD 23886 961460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox organization|name=International Blind Sports Federation|type=Sports federation|headquarters=[[Bonn]], Germany<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ibsasport.org/about/who-we-are/history/|title=History}}</ref>|membership=|language=}}'''Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makafi ta Duniya''' ( '''{{Not a typo|IBSA}}''' ) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta da aka kafa a shekarar 1981 a [[Faris|birnin Paris]], Faransa. A da an san ta da Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makafi ta Duniya. Manufar IBSA ita ce ta haɓaka cikakken haɗin kai tsakanin mutane [[Makanta|makafi]] da marasa gani sosai a cikin al'umma ta hanyar wasanni da kuma ƙarfafa mutanen da ke da [[Makanta|nakasa ta gani]] su fara yin wasanni da kuma yin wasanni. IBSA cikakken memba ne kuma wanda ya kafa [[Kwamitin Wasannin Paralympic na Duniya|Kwamitin Paralympic na Duniya]] (IPC). A watan Maris na 2022, dangane da mamayar da Rasha ta yi wa Ukraine a shekarar 2022, ta haramta wa 'yan wasa da jami'ai na Rasha da Belarus shiga wasanninta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 March 2022 |title=International Blind Sports Federation latest body to ban Russia and Belarus |url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1120614/ibsa-russia-belarus-ban |website=www.insidethegames.biz}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makafi ta Duniya, wacce aka fi sani da suna 'IBSA', a shekarar 1981. <ref name="IBSA40">{{Cite web |date=10 October 2021 |title=Former Presidents mark IBSA's 40th anniversary |url=https://ibsasport.org/former-presidents-mark-ibsas-40th-anniversary/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> Shugaban IBSA na farko shi ne mai tseren gudu na Paralympic kuma mai wasan tsalle-tsalle a kan dusar ƙanƙara, Jens Bromann (daga Denmark) wanda ya yi shekaru takwas, kafin ya shiga Kwamitin Wasannin Paralympic na Duniya daga 1988 zuwa 1992. <ref name="IBSA40" /> <ref name="IBSAhistory">{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://ibsasport.org/about/who-we-are/history/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> IBSA tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi huɗu, daga baya ta zama shida, waɗanda suka kafa 'Kwamitin Haɗin gwiwa na Duniya na Wasanni ga Nakasassu a Duniya' (ICC) a 1982, wanda a ranar 22 ga Satumba 1989 ya zama [[Kwamitin Wasannin Paralympic na Duniya|Kwamitin Nakasassu na Duniya]], a matsayin hukumar gudanarwa ta duniya ta ƙungiyar Paralympic. <ref name="IBSAhistory" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paralympics history |url=https://www.paralympic.org/ipc/history |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Paralympic Committee}}</ref> Shugaban ƙasa na biyu (1993 zuwa 2001) shine Enrique Sanz (daga Spain), sai kuma Enrique Perrez (daga 2001 zuwa 2005; shi ma daga Spain). <ref name="IBSAhistory" /> Shugaba na huɗu Michael Barredo (daga Philippines) ya yi wa'adi biyu, daga 2005 zuwa 2013. <ref name="IBSA40" /> Jannie Hammershøi (daga Denmark), tsohuwar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Paralympic, ta fara aiki a watan Satumba na 2013 don yin wa'adi uku. Ƙungiyar ta canza sunanta zuwa tarayya tsakanin 2002 da 2003, lokacin da take zaune a Spain kuma ta yi amfani da adireshin yanar gizo www.ibsa.es. Daga baya aka mayar da ƙungiyar zuwa birnin Bonn, Jamus. Tambarin ta kuma canza a wani lokaci daga wakilcin duniya, zuwa farkon sunayenta tare da sunan ƙungiyar da ke ƙasa; a cikin tambarin biyu, ana wakiltar kalmar IBSA a cikin dige-dige [[Braille|na Braille]] . Shugaban ƙungiyar wasanni ta makafi ta Italiya, Sandro Di Girolamo, na shida (daga Italiya), ya fara wa'adin shekaru huɗu daga ranar Litinin 11 ga Oktoba, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2021 |title=Di Girolamo elected IBSA President |url=https://ibsasport.org/di-girolamo-elected-ibsa-president/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> An yanke wa'adin ne da wani babban taro na musamman a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2023, <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2023 |title=Candidates for the IBSA Extraordinary General Assembly |url=https://ibsasport.org/candidates-for-the-ibsa-extraordinary-general-assembly/ |access-date=22 December 2023 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) |publisher=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> inda Ilgar Rahimov (daga Azerbaijan) ya fara wa'adinsa na shekaru huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2023 |title=Ilgar Rahimov is the new IBSA president |url=https://ibsasport.org/ilgar-rahimov-is-the-new-ibsa-president/ |access-date=22 December 2023 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) |publisher=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2025, ƙungiyar ta fitar da kasafin kuɗi, <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2025 |title=IBSA Budget 2026: A New Financial Policy and a New Framework for Sustainable Development |url=https://www.ibsasport.org/news/ibsa-budget-2026-a-new-financial-policy-and-a-new-framework-for-sustainable-development/ |access-date=31 December 2025 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> da kuma tsarin dabarun da aka fi sani. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2025 |title=IBSA Executive Board Approves the Strategic Framework 2025–2030 |url=https://www.ibsasport.org/news/ibsa-executive-board-approves-the-strategic-framework-20252030/ |access-date=31 December 2025 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> == Wasanni == IBSA ƙungiya ce ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta wasanni da dama ga mutanen da ke da nakasa ta gani, waɗanda suka haɗa da wasannin [[Wasannin Paralympic|Paralympic]] guda uku ( ƙwallon ƙafa ta makafi, ƙwallon raga, da Para judo ), [[Dara (Chess)|wasan dara]], [[Wasan motsa jiki na Paralympic|ɗagawa da ƙarfi]], wasan bowling na pin goma, wasan bowling na pin tara, wasan torball, da kuma wasan hamayya . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 February 2016 |title=Sports |url=http://www.ibsasport.org/sports/ |website=ibsasport.org}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2026, an ƙara wasan tennis na makafi da na ƙarancin gani a cikin wasannin IBSA. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 August 2026 |title=IBSA establishes Blind Tennis Committee, opening a new chapter for the sport |url=https://ibsasport.org/news/ibsa-establishes-blind-tennis-committee-opening-a-new-chapter-for-the-sport/ |access-date=10 August 2026 |publisher=[[International Blind Sports Federation]]}}</ref> Ana gudanar da gasar a cikin yankuna biyar: Afirka, Amurka, Asiya, Turai, da Oceania. <ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSA regions |url=https://ibsasport.org/about/who-we-are/ibsa-regions/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> A fannin ƙwallon raga, an haɗa Asiya da Oceania a matsayin yankin 'Asiya-Pacific'. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rules and download |url=https://goalball.sport/about-goalball/rules-and-downloads/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=IBSA Goalball}}</ref> == Wasannin motsa jiki == Taron IBSA shine Gasar Wasannin Duniya da IBSA, wanda ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru huɗu. Wasannin farko sun faru ne a shekarar 1998 a [[Madrid]], Spain, sannan kuma a shekarar 2003 a [[Kebek (birni)|birnin Quebec]], Kanada. An gudanar da bugu na uku na wasannin a [[São Paulo]], Brazil, a shekarar 2007, kuma an gudanar da wasannin 2011 a [[Antalya]], Turkiyya. A shekarar 2015, tsakanin 8 zuwa 18 ga Mayu, an gudanar da gasar cin kofin duniya ta IBSA karo na 5 a [[Seoul]], Koriya ta Kudu, kuma an fafata a gasar powerlifting, judo, ballball, kwallon kafa, dara, tenpin bowling, tandem cycling, iyo, iyo, da kuma wasannin motsa jiki. IBSA kuma tana shirya gasar cin kofin duniya da ta yankuna a yawancin wasanninta. Gasar cin kofin yankuna ko na nahiyar galibi ana gudanar da ita ne a cikin shekaru daban-daban, yayin da gasar cin kofin duniya ke gudana duk bayan shekaru hudu a cikin shekaru ma'ana idan babu wasannin Paralympic. == Abubuwan da suka faru == === Wasannin Duniya na IBSA === === Wasannin Matasa na Duniya na IBSA (WYC) === * Tsohon suna: Wasannin Matasa da Dalibai na Duniya na IBSA {| class="wikitable" ! width="20" |Bugun ! width="20" | Shekara ! width="200" | Mai masaukin baki ! width="120" | Kwanaki ! width="20" | Wasanni |- | align="center" | 1 | 2005 |{{Flag|USA}} , [[Colorado Springs]] | 4–10 ga Agusta | align="center" | 5 |- | align="center" | 2 | 2007 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 11–17 Yuli | align="center" | 5 |- | align="center" | 3 | 2009 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 15–20 Yuli | align="center" | 3 |- | align="center" | 4 | 2011 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 13–18 ga Yuli | align="center" | 3 |- | align="center" | 5 | 2013 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 13–15 Satumba | align="center" | 2 |- | align="center" | 6 | 2015 |{{Flag|USA}} , [[Colorado Springs]] | 26–30 Yuli | align="center" | 1 |- | align="center" | 7 | 2017 |{{Flag|HUN}} , [[Budaörs]] | 1–9 ga Yuli | align="center" | 1 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Final Results: 2017 IBSA Goalball World Youth Championships – News – IBSA |url=http://www.ibsasport.org/news/1235/final-results-2017-ibsa-goalball-world-youth-championships |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209100225/http://www.ibsasport.org/news/1235/final-results-2017-ibsa-goalball-world-youth-championships |archive-date=9 December 2017 |access-date=17 December 2017}}</ref> |} == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] tr2nwvteudgvg3hgzcqafn48tjje0dp 961463 961460 2026-10-01T17:19:40Z Santa MMD 23886 /* Wasannin Duniya na IBSA */ 961463 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox organization|name=International Blind Sports Federation|type=Sports federation|headquarters=[[Bonn]], Germany<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ibsasport.org/about/who-we-are/history/|title=History}}</ref>|membership=|language=}}'''Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makafi ta Duniya''' ( '''{{Not a typo|IBSA}}''' ) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta da aka kafa a shekarar 1981 a [[Faris|birnin Paris]], Faransa. A da an san ta da Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makafi ta Duniya. Manufar IBSA ita ce ta haɓaka cikakken haɗin kai tsakanin mutane [[Makanta|makafi]] da marasa gani sosai a cikin al'umma ta hanyar wasanni da kuma ƙarfafa mutanen da ke da [[Makanta|nakasa ta gani]] su fara yin wasanni da kuma yin wasanni. IBSA cikakken memba ne kuma wanda ya kafa [[Kwamitin Wasannin Paralympic na Duniya|Kwamitin Paralympic na Duniya]] (IPC). A watan Maris na 2022, dangane da mamayar da Rasha ta yi wa Ukraine a shekarar 2022, ta haramta wa 'yan wasa da jami'ai na Rasha da Belarus shiga wasanninta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 March 2022 |title=International Blind Sports Federation latest body to ban Russia and Belarus |url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1120614/ibsa-russia-belarus-ban |website=www.insidethegames.biz}}</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Ƙungiyar Wasannin Makafi ta Duniya, wacce aka fi sani da suna 'IBSA', a shekarar 1981. <ref name="IBSA40">{{Cite web |date=10 October 2021 |title=Former Presidents mark IBSA's 40th anniversary |url=https://ibsasport.org/former-presidents-mark-ibsas-40th-anniversary/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> Shugaban IBSA na farko shi ne mai tseren gudu na Paralympic kuma mai wasan tsalle-tsalle a kan dusar ƙanƙara, Jens Bromann (daga Denmark) wanda ya yi shekaru takwas, kafin ya shiga Kwamitin Wasannin Paralympic na Duniya daga 1988 zuwa 1992. <ref name="IBSA40" /> <ref name="IBSAhistory">{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://ibsasport.org/about/who-we-are/history/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> IBSA tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi huɗu, daga baya ta zama shida, waɗanda suka kafa 'Kwamitin Haɗin gwiwa na Duniya na Wasanni ga Nakasassu a Duniya' (ICC) a 1982, wanda a ranar 22 ga Satumba 1989 ya zama [[Kwamitin Wasannin Paralympic na Duniya|Kwamitin Nakasassu na Duniya]], a matsayin hukumar gudanarwa ta duniya ta ƙungiyar Paralympic. <ref name="IBSAhistory" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paralympics history |url=https://www.paralympic.org/ipc/history |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Paralympic Committee}}</ref> Shugaban ƙasa na biyu (1993 zuwa 2001) shine Enrique Sanz (daga Spain), sai kuma Enrique Perrez (daga 2001 zuwa 2005; shi ma daga Spain). <ref name="IBSAhistory" /> Shugaba na huɗu Michael Barredo (daga Philippines) ya yi wa'adi biyu, daga 2005 zuwa 2013. <ref name="IBSA40" /> Jannie Hammershøi (daga Denmark), tsohuwar 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Paralympic, ta fara aiki a watan Satumba na 2013 don yin wa'adi uku. Ƙungiyar ta canza sunanta zuwa tarayya tsakanin 2002 da 2003, lokacin da take zaune a Spain kuma ta yi amfani da adireshin yanar gizo www.ibsa.es. Daga baya aka mayar da ƙungiyar zuwa birnin Bonn, Jamus. Tambarin ta kuma canza a wani lokaci daga wakilcin duniya, zuwa farkon sunayenta tare da sunan ƙungiyar da ke ƙasa; a cikin tambarin biyu, ana wakiltar kalmar IBSA a cikin dige-dige [[Braille|na Braille]] . Shugaban ƙungiyar wasanni ta makafi ta Italiya, Sandro Di Girolamo, na shida (daga Italiya), ya fara wa'adin shekaru huɗu daga ranar Litinin 11 ga Oktoba, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2021 |title=Di Girolamo elected IBSA President |url=https://ibsasport.org/di-girolamo-elected-ibsa-president/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> An yanke wa'adin ne da wani babban taro na musamman a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2023, <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2023 |title=Candidates for the IBSA Extraordinary General Assembly |url=https://ibsasport.org/candidates-for-the-ibsa-extraordinary-general-assembly/ |access-date=22 December 2023 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) |publisher=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> inda Ilgar Rahimov (daga Azerbaijan) ya fara wa'adinsa na shekaru huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2023 |title=Ilgar Rahimov is the new IBSA president |url=https://ibsasport.org/ilgar-rahimov-is-the-new-ibsa-president/ |access-date=22 December 2023 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) |publisher=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2025, ƙungiyar ta fitar da kasafin kuɗi, <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2025 |title=IBSA Budget 2026: A New Financial Policy and a New Framework for Sustainable Development |url=https://www.ibsasport.org/news/ibsa-budget-2026-a-new-financial-policy-and-a-new-framework-for-sustainable-development/ |access-date=31 December 2025 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> da kuma tsarin dabarun da aka fi sani. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2025 |title=IBSA Executive Board Approves the Strategic Framework 2025–2030 |url=https://www.ibsasport.org/news/ibsa-executive-board-approves-the-strategic-framework-20252030/ |access-date=31 December 2025 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> == Wasanni == IBSA ƙungiya ce ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta wasanni da dama ga mutanen da ke da nakasa ta gani, waɗanda suka haɗa da wasannin [[Wasannin Paralympic|Paralympic]] guda uku ( ƙwallon ƙafa ta makafi, ƙwallon raga, da Para judo ), [[Dara (Chess)|wasan dara]], [[Wasan motsa jiki na Paralympic|ɗagawa da ƙarfi]], wasan bowling na pin goma, wasan bowling na pin tara, wasan torball, da kuma wasan hamayya . <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 February 2016 |title=Sports |url=http://www.ibsasport.org/sports/ |website=ibsasport.org}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2026, an ƙara wasan tennis na makafi da na ƙarancin gani a cikin wasannin IBSA. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 August 2026 |title=IBSA establishes Blind Tennis Committee, opening a new chapter for the sport |url=https://ibsasport.org/news/ibsa-establishes-blind-tennis-committee-opening-a-new-chapter-for-the-sport/ |access-date=10 August 2026 |publisher=[[International Blind Sports Federation]]}}</ref> Ana gudanar da gasar a cikin yankuna biyar: Afirka, Amurka, Asiya, Turai, da Oceania. <ref>{{Cite web |title=IBSA regions |url=https://ibsasport.org/about/who-we-are/ibsa-regions/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA)}}</ref> A fannin ƙwallon raga, an haɗa Asiya da Oceania a matsayin yankin 'Asiya-Pacific'. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rules and download |url=https://goalball.sport/about-goalball/rules-and-downloads/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |website=IBSA Goalball}}</ref> == Wasannin motsa jiki == Taron IBSA shine Gasar Wasannin Duniya da IBSA, wanda ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru huɗu. Wasannin farko sun faru ne a shekarar 1998 a [[Madrid]], Spain, sannan kuma a shekarar 2003 a [[Kebek (birni)|birnin Quebec]], Kanada. An gudanar da bugu na uku na wasannin a [[São Paulo]], Brazil, a shekarar 2007, kuma an gudanar da wasannin 2011 a [[Antalya]], Turkiyya. A shekarar 2015, tsakanin 8 zuwa 18 ga Mayu, an gudanar da gasar cin kofin duniya ta IBSA karo na 5 a [[Seoul]], Koriya ta Kudu, kuma an fafata a gasar powerlifting, judo, ballball, kwallon kafa, dara, tenpin bowling, tandem cycling, iyo, iyo, da kuma wasannin motsa jiki. IBSA kuma tana shirya gasar cin kofin duniya da ta yankuna a yawancin wasanninta. Gasar cin kofin yankuna ko na nahiyar galibi ana gudanar da ita ne a cikin shekaru daban-daban, yayin da gasar cin kofin duniya ke gudana duk bayan shekaru hudu a cikin shekaru ma'ana idan babu wasannin Paralympic. == Abubuwan da suka faru == === Wasannin Duniya na IBSA === {{main|Wasannin Duniya na IBSA}} {|class=wikitable !Buga ||Shekara ||Mai masaukin baki ||Kwanan wata ||Wasanni |- |align=center |1 ||1998 ||{{flagicon|Spain}} Sifaniya, Madrid ||18–26 Yuli<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ibsa.es/esp/galeria/13/campeonato/campe_i.htm |publisher=IBSA |title=Madrid '98 |access-date=13 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701055046/http://www.ibsa.es/esp/galeria/13/campeonato/campe_i.htm |archive-date=1 July 2012 }}</ref> || 4 |- |align=center |2 ||2003 ||{{flagicon|Canada}} Kanada, Quebec ||5–10 Agusta<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ibsa.es/esp/deportes/swimming/Quebec%202003%20Swimming%20results.pdf |publisher=IBSA |title=II IBSA World Championships and Games |access-date=13 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041122153314/http://www.ibsa.es/esp/deportes/swimming/Quebec%202003%20Swimming%20results.pdf |archive-date=22 November 2004 }}</ref> || 4 |- |align=center |3 ||2007 ||{{flagicon|Brazil}} Brazil, São Paulo ||28 Yuli – 8 Agusta<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ibsa.es/eng/deportes/swimming/noticia.asp?Idnoticia=581 |publisher=IBSA |title=3rd IBSA World Championships and Games Brazil 2007 |access-date=13 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://achive.today/20070502070716/http://www.ibsa.es/eng/deportes/swimming/noticia.asp?Idnoticia=581 |archive-date=2 May 2007 }}</ref> || 6 |- |align=center |4 ||2011 ||{{flagicon|Turkey}} Turkiyya, Antalya ||1–10 Afirilu<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ibsa.es/eng/noticias/noticia.asp?Idnoticia=1242 |publisher=IBSA |title=IBSA World Championships and Games Antalya 2011 |access-date=13 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120911002554/http://www.ibsa.es/eng/noticias/noticia.asp?Idnoticia=1242 |archive-date=11 September 2012 }}</ref> || 7 |- |align=center |5 ||2015 ||{{flagicon|South Korea}} Koriya ta Kudu, Seoul ||8–18 Mayu || 10 |- |align=center |6 ||2019 ||{{center|''Ba a gudanar ba'' }} ||{{center|— }} || |- |align=center |7 ||2023 ||{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} Birtaniya, Birmingham ||18–27 Agusta<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1094115/birmingham-2023-ibsa-world-games-host|title = Birmingham named as host of 2023 IBSA World Games| date=11 May 2020 }}</ref> || 11 |- |align=center |8 ||2027 ||{{flagicon|Uzbekistan}} Uzbekistan, Tashkent || ||align=center |<ref>{{cite web |title=President’s Blog: IBSA Board meeting of November 15, 2024 |url=https://ibsasport.org/presidents-blog-ibsa-board-meeting-of-november-15-2024/#content-section |website=IBSA News |publisher=International Blind Sports Federation |access-date=17 January 2025 |date=16 November 2024}}</ref> |} === Wasannin Matasa na Duniya na IBSA (WYC) === * Tsohon suna: Wasannin Matasa da Dalibai na Duniya na IBSA {| class="wikitable" ! width="20" |Bugun ! width="20" | Shekara ! width="200" | Mai masaukin baki ! width="120" | Kwanaki ! width="20" | Wasanni |- | align="center" | 1 | 2005 |{{Flag|USA}} , [[Colorado Springs]] | 4–10 ga Agusta | align="center" | 5 |- | align="center" | 2 | 2007 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 11–17 Yuli | align="center" | 5 |- | align="center" | 3 | 2009 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 15–20 Yuli | align="center" | 3 |- | align="center" | 4 | 2011 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 13–18 ga Yuli | align="center" | 3 |- | align="center" | 5 | 2013 |{{Flag|USA}}, [[Colorado Springs]] | 13–15 Satumba | align="center" | 2 |- | align="center" | 6 | 2015 |{{Flag|USA}} , [[Colorado Springs]] | 26–30 Yuli | align="center" | 1 |- | align="center" | 7 | 2017 |{{Flag|HUN}} , [[Budaörs]] | 1–9 ga Yuli | align="center" | 1 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Final Results: 2017 IBSA Goalball World Youth Championships – News – IBSA |url=http://www.ibsasport.org/news/1235/final-results-2017-ibsa-goalball-world-youth-championships |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209100225/http://www.ibsasport.org/news/1235/final-results-2017-ibsa-goalball-world-youth-championships |archive-date=9 December 2017 |access-date=17 December 2017}}</ref> |} == Nassoshi == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8gw8cuo2fh4ay6r8nrou4tna6enh350 0 177756 961461 2026-10-01T17:18:50Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Jangiro | settlement_type = Village | country = [[Nigeria]] | state = [[Gombe State]] | local_government_area = [[Akko]] | district = Gona | postal_code = 771104 | pushpin_map = Nigeria | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Jangiro in Nigeria }} '''Jangiro''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Akko]] Local Government Area na [[Gombe State]], Najeriya. Jangiro yana ƙarƙashin gundumar Gona ta Akko, kuma an sanya shi cikin jerin ƙauyukan Gona da ke amfani da l... 961461 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Jangiro | settlement_type = Village | country = [[Nigeria]] | state = [[Gombe State]] | local_government_area = [[Akko]] | district = Gona | postal_code = 771104 | pushpin_map = Nigeria | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Jangiro in Nigeria }} '''Jangiro''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Akko]] Local Government Area na [[Gombe State]], Najeriya. Jangiro yana ƙarƙashin gundumar Gona ta Akko, kuma an sanya shi cikin jerin ƙauyukan Gona da ke amfani da lambar gidan waya 771104. <ref>{{cite web |title=Akko, Gombe Postcode List |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/location/gombe/akko/ |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> A jerin ƙauyuka da matsugunan Gombe State, an jera Jangiro a ƙarƙashin '''Akko LGA – Gona District – Postal Code 771104'''. Jangiro yana cikin jerin ƙauyuka tare da Akko, Auwaru, Barri, Dabawo, Gamadadi, Garko, Gokaru, Gona, Gujuba, Kalshingi, Lafiyawo, Lawanti, Munda da sauran ƙauyukan yankin Gona. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |website=Wikipedia |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> Bayanan postcode na Najeriya sun kuma bayyana Jangiro a matsayin wurin zama na karkara (*Rural*) da ke Gona District, Akko Local Government Area, Gombe State, tare da lambar gidan waya '''771104'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Postcode - 771104 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/771104/ |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> Jangiro yana daga cikin ƙauyukan Gona da ke ƙarƙashin Akko Local Government Area. Akko na da manyan gundumomi uku, wato Gona, Kumo da Pindiga, kuma Jangiro yana cikin Gona District. <ref>{{cite web |title=Akko Local Government Area |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Akko-Local-Government-Area/62551/ |website=Finelib |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> == Geography == Jangiro yana cikin Gona District na Akko Local Government Area a Gombe State. Bayanai da ake da su sun tabbatar da matsayinsa na ƙauye a wannan gunduma, amma ba a samu ingantaccen tushe mai zaman kansa da ya bayyana takamaiman coordinates, girman yankin ko yawan jama'ar Jangiro ba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Akko, Gombe Postcode List |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/location/gombe/akko/ |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> == Postal code == Lambar gidan waya ta Jangiro ita ce '''771104'''. Wannan lambar ita ce ake amfani da ita a Gona District na Akko, inda Jangiro yake tare da wasu ƙauyuka kamar Lawanti, Kalshingi, Lafiyawo, Munda da Zangomari. <ref>{{cite web |title=Akko Postal Code |url=https://nairapostalcode.com.ng/gombe/akko-postal-code/ |website=Naira Postal Code |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> == Yawan jama'a == Ba a samu sahihin ƙidayar jama'a da ta bayar da takamaiman yawan mutanen Jangiro ba a cikin majiyoyin da aka bincika. Saboda haka, ba a saka wani adadin jama'a a wannan labarin domin kauce wa bayanan da ba a tabbatar da su ba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Akko, Gombe Postcode List |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/location/gombe/akko/ |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Akko]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Gona]] * [[Kalshingi]] * [[Lawanti]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} pdjt8ymn77xlkqas7padppfsd72qsvi 0 177757 961464 2026-10-01T17:22:02Z Umar A Muhammad 22698 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373896758|Mosque No. 11]]" 961464 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Masallaci]] No. 11, wanda aka fi sani da '''Masjid Al-Qur'an''', masallaci ne a [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]] . Ginin ya zama sananne a ƙarshen shekarun 1950 lokacin da Ƙasar Islama ta ba da hayar shi kuma ta sanya shi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin [[Malcolm X]], wanda ya kasance minista a can kuma a Masallatai No. 7 da No. 12 har sai da ya bar addinin ga Sunni Islama a 1964. A da, ana amfani da 35 da 37 Intervale a matsayin majami'a, an sayi 35 da 37 Intervale a shekarar 1957 a matsayin Haikali mai lamba 11 na ƙasar Musulunci a shekarar 1962 (duk wuraren Nation of Islam da farko ana kiransu Temples; daga baya NOI ta koma kalmar [[Masallaci]]). Daga baya aka koma masallacin zuwa 2508 North Broad Street. A shekara ta 1952, Malcolm X ya zama minista a Masallaci No. 11 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 30, 2002 |title=The birth of the Nation of Islam |url=http://www.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/04/30/farrakhan.timeline/ |access-date=March 12, 2017 |website=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Malcolm X Biography Civil Rights Activist, Minister (1925–1965) |url=http://www.biography.com/people/malcolm-x-9396195 |access-date=March 12, 2017 |website=Biography}}</ref> [[Louis Farrakhan]] ya kuma kasance minista a Masallaci No. 11, kuma 37 Intervale Street ya zama gidansa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Masjid Al-Qur'aan |url=http://www.churchomania.com/church/1520991901504837/Masjid+Al-Qur'aan |access-date=March 12, 2017 |website=ChurchOMania}}</ref> An kuma dauke shi gidan Malcolm X. Lokacin da Malcolm X ya bar Ƙasar Islama a shekara ta 1964, ya fara Masallacin Musulmi Inc. Sunni mai suna Muslim Mosque Inc. == Dubi kuma == * Wallace Fard Muhammad * Tarihin Malcolm X * Littattafan Martin Luther King Jr. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> nm0n2nzp6bxpm0k5b5qpauy49ch2hfq 961466 961464 2026-10-01T17:22:41Z Umar A Muhammad 22698 961466 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Masallaci]] No. 11, wanda aka fi sani da '''Masjid Al-Qur'an''', masallaci ne a [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]] . Ginin ya zama sananne a ƙarshen shekarun 1950 lokacin da Ƙasar Islama ta ba da hayar shi kuma ta sanya shi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin [[Malcolm X]], wanda ya kasance minista a can kuma a Masallatai No. 7 da No. 12 har sai da ya bar addinin ga Sunni Islama a 1964. A da, ana amfani da 35 da 37 Intervale a matsayin majami'a, an sayi 35 da 37 Intervale a shekarar 1957 a matsayin Haikali mai lamba 11 na ƙasar Musulunci a shekarar 1962 (duk wuraren Nation of Islam da farko ana kiransu Temples; daga baya NOI ta koma kalmar [[Masallaci]]). Daga baya aka koma masallacin zuwa 2508 North Broad Street. A shekara ta 1952, Malcolm X ya zama minista a Masallaci No. 11 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 30, 2002 |title=The birth of the Nation of Islam |url=http://www.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/04/30/farrakhan.timeline/ |access-date=March 12, 2017 |website=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Malcolm X Biography Civil Rights Activist, Minister (1925–1965) |url=http://www.biography.com/people/malcolm-x-9396195 |access-date=March 12, 2017 |website=Biography}}</ref> [[Louis Farrakhan]] ya kuma kasance minista a Masallaci No. 11, kuma 37 Intervale Street ya zama gidansa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Masjid Al-Qur'aan |url=http://www.churchomania.com/church/1520991901504837/Masjid+Al-Qur'aan |access-date=March 12, 2017 |website=ChurchOMania}}</ref> An kuma dauke shi gidan Malcolm X. Lokacin da Malcolm X ya bar Ƙasar Islama a shekara ta 1964, ya fara Masallacin Musulmi Inc. Sunni mai suna Muslim Mosque Inc. == Dubi kuma == * Wallace Fard Muhammad * Tarihin Malcolm X * Littattafan Martin Luther King Jr. == Manazarta == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> j6iyepy4y82l80kbldsami511kx8t9r 961468 961466 2026-10-01T17:23:11Z Umar A Muhammad 22698 Gyara 961468 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Masallaci]] No. 11, wanda aka fi sani da '''Masjid Al-Qur'an''', masallaci ne a [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]] . Ginin ya zama sananne a ƙarshen shekarun 1950 lokacin da Ƙasar Islama ta ba da hayar shi kuma ta sanya shi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin [[Malcolm X]], wanda ya kasance minista a can kuma a Masallatai No. 7 da No. 12 har sai da ya bar addinin ga Sunni Islama a 1964. A da, ana amfani da 35 da 37 Intervale a matsayin majami'a, an sayi 35 da 37 Intervale a shekarar 1957 a matsayin Haikali mai lamba 11 na ƙasar Musulunci a shekarar 1962 (duk wuraren Nation of Islam da farko ana kiransu Temples; daga baya NOI ta koma kalmar [[Masallaci]]). Daga baya aka koma masallacin zuwa 2508 North Broad Street. A shekara ta 1952, Malcolm X ya zama minista a Masallaci No. 11 . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 30, 2002 |title=The birth of the Nation of Islam |url=http://www.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/04/30/farrakhan.timeline/ |access-date=March 12, 2017 |website=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Malcolm X Biography Civil Rights Activist, Minister (1925–1965) |url=http://www.biography.com/people/malcolm-x-9396195 |access-date=March 12, 2017 |website=Biography}}</ref> [[Louis Farrakhan]] ya kuma kasance minista a Masallaci No. 11, kuma 37 Intervale Street ya zama gidansa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Masjid Al-Qur'aan |url=http://www.churchomania.com/church/1520991901504837/Masjid+Al-Qur'aan |access-date=March 12, 2017 |website=ChurchOMania}}</ref> An kuma dauke shi gidan Malcolm X. Lokacin da Malcolm X ya bar Ƙasar Islama a shekara ta 1964, ya fara Masallacin Musulmi Inc. Sunni mai suna Muslim Mosque Inc. == Dubi kuma == * Wallace Fard Muhammad * Tarihin Malcolm X * Littattafan Martin Luther King Jr. == Manazarta == f5n3yu8ruhdl2cl9y1dsnp1bv94b0z1 0 177758 961465 2026-10-01T17:22:36Z Santa MMD 23886 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367393362|Parapan American Games]]" 961465 wikitext text/x-wiki Wasannin Parapan American Games wani taron wasanni ne na kasa da kasa ga 'yan wasa masu nakasa da ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru hudu bayan kowace gasar Pan American Games . An gudanar da wasannin farko a shekarar 1999 a birnin Mexico, Mexico. Wasannin Parapan American na 2003 shine wasannin Parapan American na ƙarshe da ba a gudanar a birni ɗaya da Wasannin Pan American ba. An gudanar da wasannin Parapan American na baya-bayan nan tsakanin 17 zuwa 26 ga Nuwamba 2023, a Santiago, Chile. == Wasanni == {{Location map+|America}} {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 100%" width="align=&quot;center&quot;" ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Games ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Year ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Host country <br /><br />(as recognized by IPC) ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Host city ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Opened by ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Dates ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Nations ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Competitors ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Sports ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Events ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Top nation |- | align="center" |1 | align="center" |1999 | align="left" |{{MEX}} |[[Mexico (birni)|Mexico City]] | |4–11 November 1999 |18 |1,000 |4 |378 | Mexico |- | align="center" |2 | align="center" |2003 | align="left" | Argentina |Mar del Plata | |3–10 December 2003 |28 |1,500 |9 |303 | Mexico |- | align="center" |3 | align="center" |2007 | align="left" |{{BRA}} |[[Rio de Janeiro]] |Governor Sérgio Cabral Filho |12–19 August 2007 |25 |1,115 |10 |257 | Brazil |- | align="center" |4 | align="center" |2011 | align="left" |{{MEX}} |[[Guadalalajara|Guadalajara]] |Secretary Bernardo de la Garza |12–20 November 2011 |24 |1,355 |13 |276 | Brazil |- | align="center" |5 | align="center" |2015 | align="left" | Canada |[[Toronto]] |Governor General [[David Johnston (gwamna janar)|David Johnston]] |7–15 August 2015 |28 |1,615 |15 |317 | Brazil |- | align="center" |6 | align="center" |2019 | align="left" |{{PER}} |[[Lima]] |President Martín Vizcarra |23 August – 1 September 2019 |30 |1,890 |'''17''' |370 | Brazil |- | align="center" |7 | align="center" |2023 | align="left" |{{CHL}} |[[Santiago de Chile|Santiago]] |President Gabriel Boric |17–26 November 2023 |'''31''' |'''1,934''' |'''17''' |'''380''' | Brazil |- | align="center" |[[2027 Parapan American Games|8]] | align="center" |2027 | align="left" |{{PER}} |[[Lima]] | |13-22 August 2027 | | |'''17''' | |- | align="center" |[[2031 Parapan American Games|9]] | align="center" |2031 | align="left" |{{PRY}} |[[Asunción]] | | | | |'''17''' | |} == Wasanni == {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin:1em auto;" | valign="top" | {| class="wikitable" ! Wasanni ! Shekaru |- | [[Archery at the Parapan American Games|harbin baka]] | 2011–2015, 2023 |- | [[Athletics at the Parapan American Games|Wasanni]] | Tun daga shekarar 1999 (wajibi) |- | [[Badminton at the Parapan American Games|Badminton]] | 2019 - yanzu |- | [[Boccia at the Parapan American Games|Boccia]] | {{Nowrap|2003, 2011–present (compulsory)}} |- | [[Cycling at the Parapan American Games|Keke]] | 2003, 2011 - yanzu |- | style="background: #D3D3D3;" | [[Equestrian at the Parapan American Games|Mai hawan doki]] | 2003 |- | {{Nowrap|[[Football 5-a-side at the Parapan American Games|Football 5-a-side]]}} | 2007–yanzu (na tilas) |- | [[Football 7-a-side at the Parapan American Games|Ƙwallon ƙafa 7-a-gefe]] | 2007, 2015–yanzu (na tilas) |- | [[Goalball at the Parapan American Games|Kwallon raga]] | 2011–yanzu (na tilas) |- | [[Judo at the Parapan American Games|Judo]] | 2007–yanzu (na tilas) |} | valign="top" | {| class="wikitable" ! Wasanni ! Shekaru |- | [[Powerlifting at the Parapan American Games|Ƙarfin wutar lantarki]] | 2007–yanzu |- | [[Shooting at the Parapan American Games|Harbi]] | 2019 - yanzu |- | [[Swimming at the Parapan American Games|iyo]] | 1999–yanzu (na tilas) |- | [[Table tennis at the Parapan American Games|Wasan tennis na tebur]] | {{Nowrap|1999, 2007–present (compulsory)}} |- | [[Taekwondo at the Parapan American Games|Taekwondo]] | 2019 - yanzu |- | style="background: #D3D3D3;" | [[Sitting volleyball at the Parapan American Games|Zama a wasan ƙwallon raga]] | 2003–2019 |- | {{Nowrap|[[Wheelchair basketball at the Parapan American Games|Wheelchair basketball]]}} | 1999–yanzu (na tilas) |- | style="background: #D3D3D3;" | [[Wheelchair fencing at the Parapan American Games|Shingen keken hannu]] | 2003 |- | [[Wheelchair tennis at the Parapan American Games|Wasan tennis na keken guragu]] | 2003–yanzu |- | [[Wheelchair rugby at the Parapan American Games|Rugby na keken guragu]] | 2015–yanzu (na tilas) |} |} == Teburin lambar yabo ta kowane lokaci == * An sabunta shi na ƙarshe bayan Wasannin Parapan American na 2023 .   == Wasannin Matasa == '''Wasannin Matasa na Parapan na Amurka''' wani taron wasanni ne na kasa da kasa ga 'yan wasa masu shekaru 12 zuwa 21 masu nakasa ta jiki. <ref name="IPCBarq">{{Cite web |title=Barquisimeto 2005 Youth Parapan American Games |url=https://www.paralympic.org/americas-paralympic-committee/barquisimeto-2005 |access-date=18 January 2019 |publisher=International Paralympic Committee}}</ref> An ƙirƙiri wasannin ne bayan Wasannin Pan American na 2003 domin rage matsakaicin tazara tsakanin ƙasashe a nahiyar Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2017 |title=Bid process launched for 2021 Youth Parapan American Games |url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1052318/bid-process-launched-for-2021-youth-parapan-american-games |access-date=18 January 2019 |publisher=Dunsar Media Company Limited}}</ref> Ana gudanar da wasannin duk bayan shekaru huɗu, tare da wasannin Pan American da Parapan American, inda aka fara gudanar da irin wannan a shekarar 2005 a Barquisimeto, [[Venezuela]] . === Jerin Wasannin Matasa na Parapan na Amurka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" ! width="20" |Games ! width="20" |Year !{{Nowrap|Host city}} !{{Nowrap|Host nation}} !{{Nowrap|Opened by}} !{{Nowrap|Start Date}} !{{Nowrap|End Date}} !{{Nowrap|Nations}} !Competitors !Sports !Events !{{Nowrap|Top Placed Team}} !{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- |1 |2005 | align="left" |Barquisimeto | align="left" |{{Flag|Venezuela}} | align="left" | | align="left" |22 October | align="left" |30 October |10 | |8 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|VEN|2005 Youth Parapan American Games}} |<ref name="IPCBarq" /> |- |2 |2009 | align="left" |[[Bogotá]] | align="left" |{{Flag|Colombia}} | align="left" | | align="left" |17 October | align="left" |22 October |14 |700 |9 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|BRA|2009 Youth Parapan American Games}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 October 2009 |title=Paralimpicos Panamericanos en acción |url=http://www.coldeportes.gov.co/montaje/index.php?idcategoria=5378 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120140733/http://www.coldeportes.gov.co/montaje/index.php?idcategoria=5378 |archive-date=20 January 2019 |access-date=19 January 2018 |publisher=Coldeportes |language=es}}</ref> |- |3 |2013 | align="left" |[[Buenos Aires]] | align="left" |{{Flag|Argentina}} | align="left" |Alicia Kirchner | align="left" |13 October | align="left" |20 October |16 |600 |10 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|BRA|2013 Youth Parapan American Games}} |<ref name="IPCBue">{{Cite web |title=Buenos Aires 2013 Youth Parapan American Games |url=https://www.paralympic.org/americas-paralympic-committee/buenos-aires-2013 |access-date=18 January 2019 |publisher=International Paralympics Committee}}</ref> |- |4 |2017 | align="left" |[[São Paulo]] | align="left" |{{Flag|Brazil}} | align="left" | | align="left" |20 March | align="left" |25 March |19 |808 |12 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|BRA|2017 Youth Parapan American Games}} |<ref name="IPCSao">{{Cite web |title=São Paulo 2017 Youth Parapan American Games |url=https://www.paralympic.org/americas-paralympic-committee/sao-paulo-2017 |access-date=18 January 2019 |publisher=International Paralympics Committee}}</ref> |- |5 |2023 | align="left" |[[Bogotá]] | align="left" |{{Flag|Colombia}} | align="left" | | align="left" |2 June | align="left" |12 June | | |12 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|COL|2021 Youth Parapan American Games}} | |- |6 |2025 | align="left" |[[Santiago de Chile|Santiago]] | align="left" |{{Flag|Chile}} | align="left" | | align="left" |31 October | align="left" |9 November |27 | |14 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|BRA|2025 Youth Parapan American Games}} | |} == Nassoshi == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> bc8z6r3yonztrmj646u758y63611vrd 961467 961465 2026-10-01T17:22:59Z Santa MMD 23886 961467 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Wasannin Parapan American Games wani taron wasanni ne na kasa da kasa ga 'yan wasa masu nakasa da ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru hudu bayan kowace gasar Pan American Games . An gudanar da wasannin farko a shekarar 1999 a birnin Mexico, Mexico. Wasannin Parapan American na 2003 shine wasannin Parapan American na ƙarshe da ba a gudanar a birni ɗaya da Wasannin Pan American ba. An gudanar da wasannin Parapan American na baya-bayan nan tsakanin 17 zuwa 26 ga Nuwamba 2023, a Santiago, Chile. == Wasanni == {{Location map+|America}} {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 100%" width="align=&quot;center&quot;" ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Games ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Year ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Host country <br /><br />(as recognized by IPC) ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Host city ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Opened by ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Dates ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Nations ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Competitors ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Sports ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Events ! style="background:#2E2D88; color:white;" |Top nation |- | align="center" |1 | align="center" |1999 | align="left" |{{MEX}} |[[Mexico (birni)|Mexico City]] | |4–11 November 1999 |18 |1,000 |4 |378 | Mexico |- | align="center" |2 | align="center" |2003 | align="left" | Argentina |Mar del Plata | |3–10 December 2003 |28 |1,500 |9 |303 | Mexico |- | align="center" |3 | align="center" |2007 | align="left" |{{BRA}} |[[Rio de Janeiro]] |Governor Sérgio Cabral Filho |12–19 August 2007 |25 |1,115 |10 |257 | Brazil |- | align="center" |4 | align="center" |2011 | align="left" |{{MEX}} |[[Guadalalajara|Guadalajara]] |Secretary Bernardo de la Garza |12–20 November 2011 |24 |1,355 |13 |276 | Brazil |- | align="center" |5 | align="center" |2015 | align="left" | Canada |[[Toronto]] |Governor General [[David Johnston (gwamna janar)|David Johnston]] |7–15 August 2015 |28 |1,615 |15 |317 | Brazil |- | align="center" |6 | align="center" |2019 | align="left" |{{PER}} |[[Lima]] |President Martín Vizcarra |23 August – 1 September 2019 |30 |1,890 |'''17''' |370 | Brazil |- | align="center" |7 | align="center" |2023 | align="left" |{{CHL}} |[[Santiago de Chile|Santiago]] |President Gabriel Boric |17–26 November 2023 |'''31''' |'''1,934''' |'''17''' |'''380''' | Brazil |- | align="center" |[[2027 Parapan American Games|8]] | align="center" |2027 | align="left" |{{PER}} |[[Lima]] | |13-22 August 2027 | | |'''17''' | |- | align="center" |[[2031 Parapan American Games|9]] | align="center" |2031 | align="left" |{{PRY}} |[[Asunción]] | | | | |'''17''' | |} == Wasanni == {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin:1em auto;" | valign="top" | {| class="wikitable" ! Wasanni ! Shekaru |- | [[Archery at the Parapan American Games|harbin baka]] | 2011–2015, 2023 |- | [[Athletics at the Parapan American Games|Wasanni]] | Tun daga shekarar 1999 (wajibi) |- | [[Badminton at the Parapan American Games|Badminton]] | 2019 - yanzu |- | [[Boccia at the Parapan American Games|Boccia]] | {{Nowrap|2003, 2011–present (compulsory)}} |- | [[Cycling at the Parapan American Games|Keke]] | 2003, 2011 - yanzu |- | style="background: #D3D3D3;" | [[Equestrian at the Parapan American Games|Mai hawan doki]] | 2003 |- | {{Nowrap|[[Football 5-a-side at the Parapan American Games|Football 5-a-side]]}} | 2007–yanzu (na tilas) |- | [[Football 7-a-side at the Parapan American Games|Ƙwallon ƙafa 7-a-gefe]] | 2007, 2015–yanzu (na tilas) |- | [[Goalball at the Parapan American Games|Kwallon raga]] | 2011–yanzu (na tilas) |- | [[Judo at the Parapan American Games|Judo]] | 2007–yanzu (na tilas) |} | valign="top" | {| class="wikitable" ! Wasanni ! Shekaru |- | [[Powerlifting at the Parapan American Games|Ƙarfin wutar lantarki]] | 2007–yanzu |- | [[Shooting at the Parapan American Games|Harbi]] | 2019 - yanzu |- | [[Swimming at the Parapan American Games|iyo]] | 1999–yanzu (na tilas) |- | [[Table tennis at the Parapan American Games|Wasan tennis na tebur]] | {{Nowrap|1999, 2007–present (compulsory)}} |- | [[Taekwondo at the Parapan American Games|Taekwondo]] | 2019 - yanzu |- | style="background: #D3D3D3;" | [[Sitting volleyball at the Parapan American Games|Zama a wasan ƙwallon raga]] | 2003–2019 |- | {{Nowrap|[[Wheelchair basketball at the Parapan American Games|Wheelchair basketball]]}} | 1999–yanzu (na tilas) |- | style="background: #D3D3D3;" | [[Wheelchair fencing at the Parapan American Games|Shingen keken hannu]] | 2003 |- | [[Wheelchair tennis at the Parapan American Games|Wasan tennis na keken guragu]] | 2003–yanzu |- | [[Wheelchair rugby at the Parapan American Games|Rugby na keken guragu]] | 2015–yanzu (na tilas) |} |} == Teburin lambar yabo ta kowane lokaci == * An sabunta shi na ƙarshe bayan Wasannin Parapan American na 2023 .   == Wasannin Matasa == '''Wasannin Matasa na Parapan na Amurka''' wani taron wasanni ne na kasa da kasa ga 'yan wasa masu shekaru 12 zuwa 21 masu nakasa ta jiki. <ref name="IPCBarq">{{Cite web |title=Barquisimeto 2005 Youth Parapan American Games |url=https://www.paralympic.org/americas-paralympic-committee/barquisimeto-2005 |access-date=18 January 2019 |publisher=International Paralympic Committee}}</ref> An ƙirƙiri wasannin ne bayan Wasannin Pan American na 2003 domin rage matsakaicin tazara tsakanin ƙasashe a nahiyar Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2017 |title=Bid process launched for 2021 Youth Parapan American Games |url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1052318/bid-process-launched-for-2021-youth-parapan-american-games |access-date=18 January 2019 |publisher=Dunsar Media Company Limited}}</ref> Ana gudanar da wasannin duk bayan shekaru huɗu, tare da wasannin Pan American da Parapan American, inda aka fara gudanar da irin wannan a shekarar 2005 a Barquisimeto, [[Venezuela]] . === Jerin Wasannin Matasa na Parapan na Amurka === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" ! width="20" |Games ! width="20" |Year !{{Nowrap|Host city}} !{{Nowrap|Host nation}} !{{Nowrap|Opened by}} !{{Nowrap|Start Date}} !{{Nowrap|End Date}} !{{Nowrap|Nations}} !Competitors !Sports !Events !{{Nowrap|Top Placed Team}} !{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- |1 |2005 | align="left" |Barquisimeto | align="left" |{{Flag|Venezuela}} | align="left" | | align="left" |22 October | align="left" |30 October |10 | |8 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|VEN|2005 Youth Parapan American Games}} |<ref name="IPCBarq" /> |- |2 |2009 | align="left" |[[Bogotá]] | align="left" |{{Flag|Colombia}} | align="left" | | align="left" |17 October | align="left" |22 October |14 |700 |9 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|BRA|2009 Youth Parapan American Games}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 October 2009 |title=Paralimpicos Panamericanos en acción |url=http://www.coldeportes.gov.co/montaje/index.php?idcategoria=5378 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120140733/http://www.coldeportes.gov.co/montaje/index.php?idcategoria=5378 |archive-date=20 January 2019 |access-date=19 January 2018 |publisher=Coldeportes |language=es}}</ref> |- |3 |2013 | align="left" |[[Buenos Aires]] | align="left" |{{Flag|Argentina}} | align="left" |Alicia Kirchner | align="left" |13 October | align="left" |20 October |16 |600 |10 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|BRA|2013 Youth Parapan American Games}} |<ref name="IPCBue">{{Cite web |title=Buenos Aires 2013 Youth Parapan American Games |url=https://www.paralympic.org/americas-paralympic-committee/buenos-aires-2013 |access-date=18 January 2019 |publisher=International Paralympics Committee}}</ref> |- |4 |2017 | align="left" |[[São Paulo]] | align="left" |{{Flag|Brazil}} | align="left" | | align="left" |20 March | align="left" |25 March |19 |808 |12 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|BRA|2017 Youth Parapan American Games}} |<ref name="IPCSao">{{Cite web |title=São Paulo 2017 Youth Parapan American Games |url=https://www.paralympic.org/americas-paralympic-committee/sao-paulo-2017 |access-date=18 January 2019 |publisher=International Paralympics Committee}}</ref> |- |5 |2023 | align="left" |[[Bogotá]] | align="left" |{{Flag|Colombia}} | align="left" | | align="left" |2 June | align="left" |12 June | | |12 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|COL|2021 Youth Parapan American Games}} | |- |6 |2025 | align="left" |[[Santiago de Chile|Santiago]] | align="left" |{{Flag|Chile}} | align="left" | | align="left" |31 October | align="left" |9 November |27 | |14 | | align="left" |{{FlagIOC2team|BRA|2025 Youth Parapan American Games}} | |} == Nassoshi == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> n4k6nefylhcwe52y3npbimog6gjwbdw 0 177759 961469 2026-10-01T17:23:15Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox | name = Munda | settlement_type = Village | country = Nigeria | state = [[Gombe State]] | local_government_area = [[Akko]] | district = Gona | postal_code = 771104 | pushpin_map = Nigeria | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Munda in Nigeria }} '''Munda''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Akko]] Local Government Area na [[Gombe State]], Najeriya. Munda yana ƙarƙashin gundumar Gona ta Akko, kuma an sanya shi cikin jerin wuraren karkara masu amfani da lambar gidan waya 77110... 961469 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | name = Munda | settlement_type = Village | country = Nigeria | state = [[Gombe State]] | local_government_area = [[Akko]] | district = Gona | postal_code = 771104 | pushpin_map = Nigeria | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Munda in Nigeria }} '''Munda''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Akko]] Local Government Area na [[Gombe State]], Najeriya. Munda yana ƙarƙashin gundumar Gona ta Akko, kuma an sanya shi cikin jerin wuraren karkara masu amfani da lambar gidan waya 771104. <ref>{{cite web |title=Postcode - 771104 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/771104/ |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A jerin ƙauyukan Gombe State, an jera Munda ƙarƙashin '''Akko LGA – Gona District – 771104'''. Wannan jerin ya haɗa Munda da wasu ƙauyukan Gona kamar Akko, Auwaru, Barri, Dabawo, Gamadadi, Garko, Gokaru, Gona, Gujuba, Jangiro, Kalshingi, Lafiyawo da Lawanti. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |website=Wikipedia |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Matsayi da gudanarwa == Munda yana cikin Gona District na [[Akko]] Local Government Area. Akko Local Government Area tana da manyan gundumomi uku da suka haɗa da Gona, Kumo da Pindiga, kuma Munda yana ƙarƙashin Gona. <ref>{{cite web |title=Akko Local Government Area |url=https://www.finelib.com/listing/Akko-Local-Government-Area/62551/ |website=Finelib |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan lambar gidan waya na Najeriya sun bayyana Munda a matsayin wurin zama na karkara (*Rural*) da ke Gona District, Akko LGA, Gombe State. An sanya Munda tare da sauran ƙauyukan yankin ƙarƙashin postcode '''771104'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Postcode - 771104 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/771104/ |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Hanyoyi da sufuri == Munda yana cikin yankin Gona na Akko, inda Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe ta ware kuɗi a kasafin shekarar 2024 domin ayyukan hanyoyi a yankin, ciki har da hanyar Gona–Garko–Kalshingi da hanyar Gona–Garin Galadima–Tukulma–Tumu. Waɗannan ayyukan sun nuna cewa akwai shirye-shiryen samar da hanyoyin sufuri a yankin Gona, ko da yake takardar kasafin ba ta bayyana wani aikin hanya kai tsaye zuwa Munda ba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gombe State Government 2024 Budget Estimates Capital Expenditure By Projects |url=https://www.mof.gm.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Gombe-State-Approved-2024-Budget-1.pdf |publisher=Gombe State Government |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Postal code == Lambar gidan waya ta Munda ita ce '''771104'''. Wannan lambar ta shafi ƙauyukan Gona District na Akko LGA, ciki har da Munda, Lawanti, Kalshingi, Lafiyawo, Jangiro da sauran wuraren da ke cikin wannan yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Postcode - 771104 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/771104/ |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Bambanci da sauran Munda == Sunan '''Munda''' yana iya nufin fiye da wuri guda a Gombe State. Jerin ƙauyukan jihar ya nuna wani Munda a [[Funakaye]] Local Government Area, ƙarƙashin Bajoga District, yayin da Munda da wannan labarin ya tattauna yana cikin [[Akko]] Local Government Area, ƙarƙashin Gona District. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |website=Wikipedia |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Yawan jama'a == Ba a samu ingantaccen bayanin ƙidayar jama'a da ya bayar da takamaiman adadin mazauna Munda na Akko ba a cikin majiyoyin da aka samu. Saboda haka, ba a saka wani adadin jama'a a wannan labarin domin kauce wa bayanan da ba a tabbatar da su ba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Postcode - 771104 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/771104/ |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Akko]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Gona]] * [[Kalshingi]] * [[Lawanti]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} apv2re2t76pj5zf6j8qxxyrvjh16woa 0 177760 961470 2026-10-01T17:30:55Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Panbo | settlement_type = Village | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Akko | district = Gona | postal_code = 771104 }} '''Panbo''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Akko (Gombe)|Ƙaramar Hukumar Akko]] ta [[Jihar Gombe]], a [[Najeriya]]. Panbo yana ƙarƙashin gundumar Gona ta Akko, kuma an jera shi a matsayin wurin karkara mai lambar aika saƙonni '''771104'''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Browse Postcode 771104 |url=https://www.ni... 961470 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Panbo | settlement_type = Village | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Akko | district = Gona | postal_code = 771104 }} '''Panbo''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Akko (Gombe)|Ƙaramar Hukumar Akko]] ta [[Jihar Gombe]], a [[Najeriya]]. Panbo yana ƙarƙashin gundumar Gona ta Akko, kuma an jera shi a matsayin wurin karkara mai lambar aika saƙonni '''771104'''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Browse Postcode 771104 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/771104/ |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Panbo na daga cikin ƙauyukan da ke cikin gundumar Gona ta Ƙaramar Hukumar Akko. Jerin wuraren Gona ya haɗa da Akko, Auwaru, Barri, Dabawo, Gamadadi, Garko, Gokaru, Gona, Gujuba, Jangiro, Kalshingi, Lafiyawo, Lawanti, Munda, Panbo, Shulto, Tongo, Tukulma, Tunfure, Wuro Dole, Wuru Siddiki, Yankari, Zange da Zangomari.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |website=Wikipedia |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan wuraren aika saƙonni sun nuna cewa Panbo yana cikin '''Gona District, Akko LGA, Gombe State''', kuma yana da postcode '''771104'''. Haka kuma, an bayyana Panbo a matsayin wurin karkara a cikin wannan tsarin rarrabawa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Akko, Gombe Postcode List |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/location/gombe/akko/?page=2 |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin rarraba lambobin aika saƙonni na Akko, Gona tana amfani da lambar '''771104''', yayin da Kumo ke amfani da '''771102''', sannan Pindiga ke amfani da '''771103'''. Panbo yana cikin jerin wuraren Gona masu amfani da lambar 771104.<ref>{{cite web |title=Akko LGA Postal Code |url=https://postalcode.ng/akko-lga-postal-code/ |website=Postalcode.ng |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Geography == Panbo yana cikin gundumar Gona ta [[Akko (Gombe)|Ƙaramar Hukumar Akko]], a [[Jihar Gombe]] ta arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Bayanai kan yankin Gona sun jera Panbo tare da sauran ƙauyukan yankin kuma sun ba shi lambar aika saƙonni ta 771104.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gona – Akko – Gombe – Nigeria |url=https://www.mapanet.eu/en/postal-codes/?c=ng&l=0&n=4&r1=16&r2=01&r3=01 |website=Mapanet |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Postal code == Lambar aika saƙonnin Panbo ita ce '''771104'''. Wannan lambar ana amfani da ita ga ƙauyuka da dama da ke cikin gundumar Gona ta Ƙaramar Hukumar Akko.<ref>{{cite web |title=Akko L.G.A Postal Codes |url=https://zipcodes.ng/akko-l-g-a-zip-codes/ |website=ZipCodes.ng |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Akko (Gombe)|Akko]] * [[Jihar Gombe]] * [[Jerin ƙauyuka a Jihar Gombe]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Ƙauyuka a Jihar Gombe]] [[Category:Akko]] [[Category:Ƙauyuka a Najeriya]] 70b438x0cy5sebp0ask93uuknzagxmu 961471 961470 2026-10-01T17:32:56Z Ummu Ilham 45024 961471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Panbo | settlement_type = Village | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Akko | district = Gona | postal_code = 771104 }} '''Panbo''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Akko (Gombe)|Ƙaramar Hukumar Akko]] ta [[Jihar Gombe]], a [[Najeriya]]. Panbo yana ƙarƙashin gundumar Gona ta Akko, kuma an jera shi a matsayin wurin karkara mai lambar aika saƙonni '''771104'''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Browse Postcode 771104 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/771104/ |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Panbo na daga cikin ƙauyukan da ke cikin gundumar Gona ta Ƙaramar Hukumar Akko. Jerin wuraren Gona ya haɗa da Akko, Auwaru, Barri, Dabawo, Gamadadi, Garko, Gokaru, Gona, Gujuba, Jangiro, Kalshingi, Lafiyawo, Lawanti, Munda, Panbo, Shulto, Tongo, Tukulma, Tunfure, Wuro Dole, Wuru Siddiki, Yankari, Zange da Zangomari.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |website=Wikipedia |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan wuraren aika saƙonni sun nuna cewa Panbo yana cikin '''Gona District, Akko LGA, Gombe State''', kuma yana da postcode '''771104'''. Haka kuma, an bayyana Panbo a matsayin wurin karkara a cikin wannan tsarin rarrabawa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Akko, Gombe Postcode List |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/location/gombe/akko/?page=2 |website=Nigeria Postcode |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin rarraba lambobin aika saƙonni na Akko, Gona tana amfani da lambar '''771104''', yayin da Kumo ke amfani da '''771102''', sannan Pindiga ke amfani da '''771103'''. Panbo yana cikin jerin wuraren Gona masu amfani da lambar 771104.<ref>{{cite web |title=Akko LGA Postal Code |url=https://postalcode.ng/akko-lga-postal-code/ |website=Postalcode.ng |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Geography == Panbo yana cikin gundumar Gona ta [[Akko (Gombe)|Ƙaramar Hukumar Akko]], a [[Jihar Gombe]] ta arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Bayanai kan yankin Gona sun jera Panbo tare da sauran ƙauyukan yankin kuma sun ba shi lambar aika saƙonni ta 771104.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gona – Akko – Gombe – Nigeria |url=https://www.mapanet.eu/en/postal-codes/?c=ng&l=0&n=4&r1=16&r2=01&r3=01 |website=Mapanet |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Postal code == Lambar aika saƙonnin Panbo ita ce '''771104'''. Wannan lambar ana amfani da ita ga ƙauyuka da dama da ke cikin gundumar Gona ta Ƙaramar Hukumar Akko..<ref>{{cite web |title=Akko L.G.A Postal Codes |url=https://zipcodes.ng/akko-l-g-a-zip-codes/ |website=ZipCodes.ng |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Akko (Gombe)|Akko]] * [[Jihar Gombe]] * [[Jerin ƙauyuka a Jihar Gombe]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Ƙauyuka a Jihar Gombe]] [[Category:Akko]] [[Category:Ƙauyuka a Najeriya]] his3zyoeib2a6j21gs2mk9majq9xbv5 0 177761 961504 2026-10-01T18:16:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 Pharouqenr moved page [[Tarihin aikin jarida a Najeriya]] to [[Draft:Tarihin aikin jarida a Najeriya]] 961504 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Draft:Tarihin aikin jarida a Najeriya]] 7w853f6c1vtt97i3bh9luw8xu73p4zw 0 177762 961510 2026-10-01T18:20:20Z Wayit 45027 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1235448243|Aminata Traoré]]" 961510 wikitext text/x-wiki * [[Aminata Dramane Traoré|Aminata Traoré (marubuci)]] (an haife shi a shekara ta 1947), ɗan siyasan Mali * [[Aminata Traoré (taekwondo)]] (an haife shi a shekara ta 1999), mai horar da taekwondo na Ivory Coast ggiudnoncysef7znnvmt4nmkljlljll 0 177763 961537 2026-10-01T19:33:42Z Kamal JB 24987 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374697797|The Laugh of the Medusa]]" 961537 wikitext text/x-wiki "The An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar rubutun Cixous, wani littafi na baya-bayan nan mai taken Laughing with Medusa (2006) ya bincika aikin haɗin gwiwar Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Bracha Ettinger da Hélène Cixous . An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar rubutun Cixous, wani littafi na baya-bayan nan mai taken Laughing with Medusa (2006) ya bincika aikin haɗin gwiwar Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Bracha Ettinger da Hélène Cixous . [1]11 Laugh of the Medusa" wata kasida ce ta 1975 ta mai sukar mata ta Faransa Hélène Cixous . Asalin da aka rubuta a Faransanci a matsayin "Le Rire de la Méduse", Paula Cohen da Keith Cohen suka fassara shi zuwa Turanci a cikin 1976. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == A cikin rubutun, Cixous ya ba da ultimatum: cewa mata za su iya karatu kuma su zaɓi su kasance a cikin jikinsu ta hanyar harshe wanda ba ya ba su damar bayyana kansu, ko kuma za su iya amfani da jiki a matsayin hanyar sadarwa. Ta bayyana salon rubuce-rubuce, rubuce-bucen mata, wanda ta ce yana ƙoƙari ya fita daga ka'idojin al'ada da aka samu a cikin tsarin shugabanci. Ta yi jayayya cewa rubuce-''Rubutun mata'' suna bawa mata damar magance bukatunsu ta hanyar gina labarai masu karfi da kuma ainihi. Wannan rubutun yana cikin tarihin tattaunawar mata wanda ya raba mata saboda jinsi musamman dangane da marubuci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jarrat |first=Susan C. |date=Winter 1992 |title=Performing Feminisms, Histories, Rhetoric |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3885650 |journal=[[Rhetoric Society Quarterly]] |volume=22 |issue=22 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1080/02773949209390936 |jstor=3885650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> "Dariya ta Medusa" tana magana game da wannan magana, rubuce-rubuce game da mutum da kuma umarnin mata su yi amfani da rubutu da jiki a matsayin tushen iko da wahayi. Cixous ta yi amfani da kalmar "Logic of Antilove" don bayyana fahimtar da take yi game da zalunci ga mata ta hanyar adadi. Ta bayyana Ma'anar Antilove a matsayin matan da ke ƙin kansu suna lura da cewa, "sun yi wa mata antinarcissism! Narcissism wanda ke son kansa kawai don abin da mata ba su da shi. "Wannan ra'ayin yana tsananta mata ta hanyar bayyana su ta hanyar abin da al'adar misogynistic ta yi imani ya sa jima'i na mata ya fi ƙasa. Cixous ya umarci mata da su mai da hankali kan mutum, musamman mutum na jiki da kuma rubuta don sake bayyana kansa a cikin tarihinta da labarinta. Rubutun ya yi jayayya cewa rubuce-rubuce kayan aiki ne dole ne mata su yi amfani da su don ba da shawara ga kansu don samun 'yancin da aka hana mata a tarihi. Koyaya, Cixous ya nuna cewa ''Rubutun mata'' ba'a iyakance shi ga "mata" ba. Ta ambaci Colette, [[Marguerite Duras]], da Jean Genet a matsayin "kawai rubuce-rubucen mata da taɓa gani" a cikin wallafe-wallafen Faransanci na ƙarni na ashirin. Ta kuma soki mata marubuta na karni na sha tara don rubutawa don yin kira ga maza. Ga Cixous, ba jikin mutum ba ne ya kamata ya bayyana asalinmu; wannan shine 'don rikitar da kwayoyin halitta da al'adu'. "The Laugh of the Medusa" gargaɗi ne kuma kira ga "yanayin mata" na rubuce-rubuce wanda Cixous ya kira "farin tawada" da rubuce-bucen mata. Cixous yana gina rubutun ta amfani da abubuwan wannan yanayin kuma ya cika shi da alamun wallafe-wallafen. Tana umurni mata da su yi amfani da rubutu a matsayin hanyar iko. Cixous ya binciki yadda jikin mace ke da alaƙa da marubucin mata. Tana isar da wannan sakon ta hanyar amfani da tattaunawa inda take koya wa masu sauraron ta kai tsaye. Ta bukaci masu sauraronta su rubuta, ta amfani da maganganun tattaunawa kai tsaye kamar "Rubuta a gare ku, ku ne a gare ku; jikinku naka ne, ku dauki shi. "Cixous ta maimaitawa a cikin saƙonta cewa mata dole ne su rubuta wa kansu kuma su ce jikinsu ya rufe rata tsakanin jiki na jikin mace da marubucin su. A yin haka ta kalubalanci bambance-bambance tsakanin ka'idar da aiki da ke fadada al'adar maganganun mata. "The Laugh of the Medusa" ya ci nasara wajen kirkirar salon rubuce-rubuce wanda ke ba mata damar da'awar iko saboda an halicce shi ne a kan tushen ikirarin mace ga kanta da jikinta, saboda haka kawar da tasirin zalunci na ikon shugabanci na maganganu. Wannan rubutun kuma yana sukar logocentrism da phallogocentrism, saboda yana ba da fifiko ga nau'in namiji na dalili da ke da alaƙa da al'ada, yana da alaƙa sosai da tunanin Jacques Derrida na baya. == Abin da ya sa aka yi amfani da shi == An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar rubutun Cixous, wani littafi na baya-bayan nan mai taken Laughing with Medusa (2006) ya bincika aikin haɗin gwiwar Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Bracha Ettinger da Hélène Cixous . == Bayanan da aka ambata == dyxqk4huqprkf693yxk07lo32zvafzc 961539 961537 2026-10-01T19:34:10Z Kamal JB 24987 961539 wikitext text/x-wiki "The ya bincika aikin haɗin gwiwar Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Bracha Ettinger da Hélène Cixous . An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar rubutun Cixous, wani littafi na baya-bayan nan mai taken Laughing with Medusa (2006) ya bincika aikin haɗin gwiwar Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Bracha Ettinger da Hélène Cixous . [1]11 Laugh of the Medusa" wata kasida ce ta 1975 ta mai sukar mata ta Faransa Hélène Cixous . Asalin da aka rubuta a Faransanci a matsayin "Le Rire de la Méduse", Paula Cohen da Keith Cohen suka fassara shi zuwa Turanci a cikin 1976. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == A cikin rubutun, Cixous ya ba da ultimatum: cewa mata za su iya karatu kuma su zaɓi su kasance a cikin jikinsu ta hanyar harshe wanda ba ya ba su damar bayyana kansu, ko kuma za su iya amfani da jiki a matsayin hanyar sadarwa. Ta bayyana salon rubuce-rubuce, rubuce-bucen mata, wanda ta ce yana ƙoƙari ya fita daga ka'idojin al'ada da aka samu a cikin tsarin shugabanci. Ta yi jayayya cewa rubuce-''Rubutun mata'' suna bawa mata damar magance bukatunsu ta hanyar gina labarai masu karfi da kuma ainihi. Wannan rubutun yana cikin tarihin tattaunawar mata wanda ya raba mata saboda jinsi musamman dangane da marubuci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jarrat |first=Susan C. |date=Winter 1992 |title=Performing Feminisms, Histories, Rhetoric |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3885650 |journal=[[Rhetoric Society Quarterly]] |volume=22 |issue=22 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1080/02773949209390936 |jstor=3885650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> "Dariya ta Medusa" tana magana game da wannan magana, rubuce-rubuce game da mutum da kuma umarnin mata su yi amfani da rubutu da jiki a matsayin tushen iko da wahayi. Cixous ta yi amfani da kalmar "Logic of Antilove" don bayyana fahimtar da take yi game da zalunci ga mata ta hanyar adadi. Ta bayyana Ma'anar Antilove a matsayin matan da ke ƙin kansu suna lura da cewa, "sun yi wa mata antinarcissism! Narcissism wanda ke son kansa kawai don abin da mata ba su da shi. "Wannan ra'ayin yana tsananta mata ta hanyar bayyana su ta hanyar abin da al'adar misogynistic ta yi imani ya sa jima'i na mata ya fi ƙasa. Cixous ya umarci mata da su mai da hankali kan mutum, musamman mutum na jiki da kuma rubuta don sake bayyana kansa a cikin tarihinta da labarinta. Rubutun ya yi jayayya cewa rubuce-rubuce kayan aiki ne dole ne mata su yi amfani da su don ba da shawara ga kansu don samun 'yancin da aka hana mata a tarihi. Koyaya, Cixous ya nuna cewa ''Rubutun mata'' ba'a iyakance shi ga "mata" ba. Ta ambaci Colette, [[Marguerite Duras]], da Jean Genet a matsayin "kawai rubuce-rubucen mata da taɓa gani" a cikin wallafe-wallafen Faransanci na ƙarni na ashirin. Ta kuma soki mata marubuta na karni na sha tara don rubutawa don yin kira ga maza. Ga Cixous, ba jikin mutum ba ne ya kamata ya bayyana asalinmu; wannan shine 'don rikitar da kwayoyin halitta da al'adu'. "The Laugh of the Medusa" gargaɗi ne kuma kira ga "yanayin mata" na rubuce-rubuce wanda Cixous ya kira "farin tawada" da rubuce-bucen mata. Cixous yana gina rubutun ta amfani da abubuwan wannan yanayin kuma ya cika shi da alamun wallafe-wallafen. Tana umurni mata da su yi amfani da rubutu a matsayin hanyar iko. Cixous ya binciki yadda jikin mace ke da alaƙa da marubucin mata. Tana isar da wannan sakon ta hanyar amfani da tattaunawa inda take koya wa masu sauraron ta kai tsaye. Ta bukaci masu sauraronta su rubuta, ta amfani da maganganun tattaunawa kai tsaye kamar "Rubuta a gare ku, ku ne a gare ku; jikinku naka ne, ku dauki shi. "Cixous ta maimaitawa a cikin saƙonta cewa mata dole ne su rubuta wa kansu kuma su ce jikinsu ya rufe rata tsakanin jiki na jikin mace da marubucin su. A yin haka ta kalubalanci bambance-bambance tsakanin ka'idar da aiki da ke fadada al'adar maganganun mata. "The Laugh of the Medusa" ya ci nasara wajen kirkirar salon rubuce-rubuce wanda ke ba mata damar da'awar iko saboda an halicce shi ne a kan tushen ikirarin mace ga kanta da jikinta, saboda haka kawar da tasirin zalunci na ikon shugabanci na maganganu. Wannan rubutun kuma yana sukar logocentrism da phallogocentrism, saboda yana ba da fifiko ga nau'in namiji na dalili da ke da alaƙa da al'ada, yana da alaƙa sosai da tunanin Jacques Derrida na baya. == Abin da ya sa aka yi amfani da shi == An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar rubutun Cixous, wani littafi na baya-bayan nan mai taken Laughing with Medusa (2006) ya bincika aikin haɗin gwiwar Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Bracha Ettinger da Hélène Cixous . == Bayanan da aka ambata == 9nnu2h1msrzzs4k6ief2lygs7bj0jxr 961540 961539 2026-10-01T19:34:28Z Kamal JB 24987 961540 wikitext text/x-wiki "The Laugh of the Medusa" wata kasida ce ta 1975 ta mai sukar mata ta Faransa Hélène Cixous . Asalin da aka rubuta a Faransanci a matsayin "Le Rire de la Méduse", Paula Cohen da Keith Cohen suka fassara shi zuwa Turanci a cikin 1976. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == A cikin rubutun, Cixous ya ba da ultimatum: cewa mata za su iya karatu kuma su zaɓi su kasance a cikin jikinsu ta hanyar harshe wanda ba ya ba su damar bayyana kansu, ko kuma za su iya amfani da jiki a matsayin hanyar sadarwa. Ta bayyana salon rubuce-rubuce, rubuce-bucen mata, wanda ta ce yana ƙoƙari ya fita daga ka'idojin al'ada da aka samu a cikin tsarin shugabanci. Ta yi jayayya cewa rubuce-''Rubutun mata'' suna bawa mata damar magance bukatunsu ta hanyar gina labarai masu karfi da kuma ainihi. Wannan rubutun yana cikin tarihin tattaunawar mata wanda ya raba mata saboda jinsi musamman dangane da marubuci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jarrat |first=Susan C. |date=Winter 1992 |title=Performing Feminisms, Histories, Rhetoric |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3885650 |journal=[[Rhetoric Society Quarterly]] |volume=22 |issue=22 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1080/02773949209390936 |jstor=3885650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> "Dariya ta Medusa" tana magana game da wannan magana, rubuce-rubuce game da mutum da kuma umarnin mata su yi amfani da rubutu da jiki a matsayin tushen iko da wahayi. Cixous ta yi amfani da kalmar "Logic of Antilove" don bayyana fahimtar da take yi game da zalunci ga mata ta hanyar adadi. Ta bayyana Ma'anar Antilove a matsayin matan da ke ƙin kansu suna lura da cewa, "sun yi wa mata antinarcissism! Narcissism wanda ke son kansa kawai don abin da mata ba su da shi. "Wannan ra'ayin yana tsananta mata ta hanyar bayyana su ta hanyar abin da al'adar misogynistic ta yi imani ya sa jima'i na mata ya fi ƙasa. Cixous ya umarci mata da su mai da hankali kan mutum, musamman mutum na jiki da kuma rubuta don sake bayyana kansa a cikin tarihinta da labarinta. Rubutun ya yi jayayya cewa rubuce-rubuce kayan aiki ne dole ne mata su yi amfani da su don ba da shawara ga kansu don samun 'yancin da aka hana mata a tarihi. Koyaya, Cixous ya nuna cewa ''Rubutun mata'' ba'a iyakance shi ga "mata" ba. Ta ambaci Colette, [[Marguerite Duras]], da Jean Genet a matsayin "kawai rubuce-rubucen mata da taɓa gani" a cikin wallafe-wallafen Faransanci na ƙarni na ashirin. Ta kuma soki mata marubuta na karni na sha tara don rubutawa don yin kira ga maza. Ga Cixous, ba jikin mutum ba ne ya kamata ya bayyana asalinmu; wannan shine 'don rikitar da kwayoyin halitta da al'adu'. "The Laugh of the Medusa" gargaɗi ne kuma kira ga "yanayin mata" na rubuce-rubuce wanda Cixous ya kira "farin tawada" da rubuce-bucen mata. Cixous yana gina rubutun ta amfani da abubuwan wannan yanayin kuma ya cika shi da alamun wallafe-wallafen. Tana umurni mata da su yi amfani da rubutu a matsayin hanyar iko. Cixous ya binciki yadda jikin mace ke da alaƙa da marubucin mata. Tana isar da wannan sakon ta hanyar amfani da tattaunawa inda take koya wa masu sauraron ta kai tsaye. Ta bukaci masu sauraronta su rubuta, ta amfani da maganganun tattaunawa kai tsaye kamar "Rubuta a gare ku, ku ne a gare ku; jikinku naka ne, ku dauki shi. "Cixous ta maimaitawa a cikin saƙonta cewa mata dole ne su rubuta wa kansu kuma su ce jikinsu ya rufe rata tsakanin jiki na jikin mace da marubucin su. A yin haka ta kalubalanci bambance-bambance tsakanin ka'idar da aiki da ke fadada al'adar maganganun mata. "The Laugh of the Medusa" ya ci nasara wajen kirkirar salon rubuce-rubuce wanda ke ba mata damar da'awar iko saboda an halicce shi ne a kan tushen ikirarin mace ga kanta da jikinta, saboda haka kawar da tasirin zalunci na ikon shugabanci na maganganu. Wannan rubutun kuma yana sukar logocentrism da phallogocentrism, saboda yana ba da fifiko ga nau'in namiji na dalili da ke da alaƙa da al'ada, yana da alaƙa sosai da tunanin Jacques Derrida na baya. == Abin da ya sa aka yi amfani da shi == An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar rubutun Cixous, wani littafi na baya-bayan nan mai taken Laughing with Medusa (2006) ya bincika aikin haɗin gwiwar Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Bracha Ettinger da Hélène Cixous . == Bayanan da aka ambata == 8ny0vxflmfya9m4juwa4g8uchh89pl4 961541 961540 2026-10-01T19:34:47Z Kamal JB 24987 961541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox} "The Laugh of the Medusa" wata kasida ce ta 1975 ta mai sukar mata ta Faransa Hélène Cixous . Asalin da aka rubuta a Faransanci a matsayin "Le Rire de la Méduse", Paula Cohen da Keith Cohen suka fassara shi zuwa Turanci a cikin 1976. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == A cikin rubutun, Cixous ya ba da ultimatum: cewa mata za su iya karatu kuma su zaɓi su kasance a cikin jikinsu ta hanyar harshe wanda ba ya ba su damar bayyana kansu, ko kuma za su iya amfani da jiki a matsayin hanyar sadarwa. Ta bayyana salon rubuce-rubuce, rubuce-bucen mata, wanda ta ce yana ƙoƙari ya fita daga ka'idojin al'ada da aka samu a cikin tsarin shugabanci. Ta yi jayayya cewa rubuce-''Rubutun mata'' suna bawa mata damar magance bukatunsu ta hanyar gina labarai masu karfi da kuma ainihi. Wannan rubutun yana cikin tarihin tattaunawar mata wanda ya raba mata saboda jinsi musamman dangane da marubuci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jarrat |first=Susan C. |date=Winter 1992 |title=Performing Feminisms, Histories, Rhetoric |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3885650 |journal=[[Rhetoric Society Quarterly]] |volume=22 |issue=22 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1080/02773949209390936 |jstor=3885650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> "Dariya ta Medusa" tana magana game da wannan magana, rubuce-rubuce game da mutum da kuma umarnin mata su yi amfani da rubutu da jiki a matsayin tushen iko da wahayi. Cixous ta yi amfani da kalmar "Logic of Antilove" don bayyana fahimtar da take yi game da zalunci ga mata ta hanyar adadi. Ta bayyana Ma'anar Antilove a matsayin matan da ke ƙin kansu suna lura da cewa, "sun yi wa mata antinarcissism! Narcissism wanda ke son kansa kawai don abin da mata ba su da shi. "Wannan ra'ayin yana tsananta mata ta hanyar bayyana su ta hanyar abin da al'adar misogynistic ta yi imani ya sa jima'i na mata ya fi ƙasa. Cixous ya umarci mata da su mai da hankali kan mutum, musamman mutum na jiki da kuma rubuta don sake bayyana kansa a cikin tarihinta da labarinta. Rubutun ya yi jayayya cewa rubuce-rubuce kayan aiki ne dole ne mata su yi amfani da su don ba da shawara ga kansu don samun 'yancin da aka hana mata a tarihi. Koyaya, Cixous ya nuna cewa ''Rubutun mata'' ba'a iyakance shi ga "mata" ba. Ta ambaci Colette, [[Marguerite Duras]], da Jean Genet a matsayin "kawai rubuce-rubucen mata da taɓa gani" a cikin wallafe-wallafen Faransanci na ƙarni na ashirin. Ta kuma soki mata marubuta na karni na sha tara don rubutawa don yin kira ga maza. Ga Cixous, ba jikin mutum ba ne ya kamata ya bayyana asalinmu; wannan shine 'don rikitar da kwayoyin halitta da al'adu'. "The Laugh of the Medusa" gargaɗi ne kuma kira ga "yanayin mata" na rubuce-rubuce wanda Cixous ya kira "farin tawada" da rubuce-bucen mata. Cixous yana gina rubutun ta amfani da abubuwan wannan yanayin kuma ya cika shi da alamun wallafe-wallafen. Tana umurni mata da su yi amfani da rubutu a matsayin hanyar iko. Cixous ya binciki yadda jikin mace ke da alaƙa da marubucin mata. Tana isar da wannan sakon ta hanyar amfani da tattaunawa inda take koya wa masu sauraron ta kai tsaye. Ta bukaci masu sauraronta su rubuta, ta amfani da maganganun tattaunawa kai tsaye kamar "Rubuta a gare ku, ku ne a gare ku; jikinku naka ne, ku dauki shi. "Cixous ta maimaitawa a cikin saƙonta cewa mata dole ne su rubuta wa kansu kuma su ce jikinsu ya rufe rata tsakanin jiki na jikin mace da marubucin su. A yin haka ta kalubalanci bambance-bambance tsakanin ka'idar da aiki da ke fadada al'adar maganganun mata. "The Laugh of the Medusa" ya ci nasara wajen kirkirar salon rubuce-rubuce wanda ke ba mata damar da'awar iko saboda an halicce shi ne a kan tushen ikirarin mace ga kanta da jikinta, saboda haka kawar da tasirin zalunci na ikon shugabanci na maganganu. Wannan rubutun kuma yana sukar logocentrism da phallogocentrism, saboda yana ba da fifiko ga nau'in namiji na dalili da ke da alaƙa da al'ada, yana da alaƙa sosai da tunanin Jacques Derrida na baya. == Abin da ya sa aka yi amfani da shi == An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar rubutun Cixous, wani littafi na baya-bayan nan mai taken Laughing with Medusa (2006) ya bincika aikin haɗin gwiwar Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Bracha Ettinger da Hélène Cixous . == Bayanan da aka ambata == j5hprfdqlfeysj7q1wpj3kvrdg1ymuy 961542 961541 2026-10-01T19:37:12Z Kamal JB 24987 /* Bayanan da aka ambata */ 961542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox} "The Laugh of the Medusa" wata kasida ce ta 1975 ta mai sukar mata ta Faransa Hélène Cixous . Asalin da aka rubuta a Faransanci a matsayin "Le Rire de la Méduse", Paula Cohen da Keith Cohen suka fassara shi zuwa Turanci a cikin 1976. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == A cikin rubutun, Cixous ya ba da ultimatum: cewa mata za su iya karatu kuma su zaɓi su kasance a cikin jikinsu ta hanyar harshe wanda ba ya ba su damar bayyana kansu, ko kuma za su iya amfani da jiki a matsayin hanyar sadarwa. Ta bayyana salon rubuce-rubuce, rubuce-bucen mata, wanda ta ce yana ƙoƙari ya fita daga ka'idojin al'ada da aka samu a cikin tsarin shugabanci. Ta yi jayayya cewa rubuce-''Rubutun mata'' suna bawa mata damar magance bukatunsu ta hanyar gina labarai masu karfi da kuma ainihi. Wannan rubutun yana cikin tarihin tattaunawar mata wanda ya raba mata saboda jinsi musamman dangane da marubuci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jarrat |first=Susan C. |date=Winter 1992 |title=Performing Feminisms, Histories, Rhetoric |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3885650 |journal=[[Rhetoric Society Quarterly]] |volume=22 |issue=22 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1080/02773949209390936 |jstor=3885650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> "Dariya ta Medusa" tana magana game da wannan magana, rubuce-rubuce game da mutum da kuma umarnin mata su yi amfani da rubutu da jiki a matsayin tushen iko da wahayi. Cixous ta yi amfani da kalmar "Logic of Antilove" don bayyana fahimtar da take yi game da zalunci ga mata ta hanyar adadi. Ta bayyana Ma'anar Antilove a matsayin matan da ke ƙin kansu suna lura da cewa, "sun yi wa mata antinarcissism! Narcissism wanda ke son kansa kawai don abin da mata ba su da shi. "Wannan ra'ayin yana tsananta mata ta hanyar bayyana su ta hanyar abin da al'adar misogynistic ta yi imani ya sa jima'i na mata ya fi ƙasa. Cixous ya umarci mata da su mai da hankali kan mutum, musamman mutum na jiki da kuma rubuta don sake bayyana kansa a cikin tarihinta da labarinta. Rubutun ya yi jayayya cewa rubuce-rubuce kayan aiki ne dole ne mata su yi amfani da su don ba da shawara ga kansu don samun 'yancin da aka hana mata a tarihi. Koyaya, Cixous ya nuna cewa ''Rubutun mata'' ba'a iyakance shi ga "mata" ba. Ta ambaci Colette, [[Marguerite Duras]], da Jean Genet a matsayin "kawai rubuce-rubucen mata da taɓa gani" a cikin wallafe-wallafen Faransanci na ƙarni na ashirin. Ta kuma soki mata marubuta na karni na sha tara don rubutawa don yin kira ga maza. Ga Cixous, ba jikin mutum ba ne ya kamata ya bayyana asalinmu; wannan shine 'don rikitar da kwayoyin halitta da al'adu'. "The Laugh of the Medusa" gargaɗi ne kuma kira ga "yanayin mata" na rubuce-rubuce wanda Cixous ya kira "farin tawada" da rubuce-bucen mata. Cixous yana gina rubutun ta amfani da abubuwan wannan yanayin kuma ya cika shi da alamun wallafe-wallafen. Tana umurni mata da su yi amfani da rubutu a matsayin hanyar iko. Cixous ya binciki yadda jikin mace ke da alaƙa da marubucin mata. Tana isar da wannan sakon ta hanyar amfani da tattaunawa inda take koya wa masu sauraron ta kai tsaye. Ta bukaci masu sauraronta su rubuta, ta amfani da maganganun tattaunawa kai tsaye kamar "Rubuta a gare ku, ku ne a gare ku; jikinku naka ne, ku dauki shi. "Cixous ta maimaitawa a cikin saƙonta cewa mata dole ne su rubuta wa kansu kuma su ce jikinsu ya rufe rata tsakanin jiki na jikin mace da marubucin su. A yin haka ta kalubalanci bambance-bambance tsakanin ka'idar da aiki da ke fadada al'adar maganganun mata. "The Laugh of the Medusa" ya ci nasara wajen kirkirar salon rubuce-rubuce wanda ke ba mata damar da'awar iko saboda an halicce shi ne a kan tushen ikirarin mace ga kanta da jikinta, saboda haka kawar da tasirin zalunci na ikon shugabanci na maganganu. Wannan rubutun kuma yana sukar logocentrism da phallogocentrism, saboda yana ba da fifiko ga nau'in namiji na dalili da ke da alaƙa da al'ada, yana da alaƙa sosai da tunanin Jacques Derrida na baya. == Abin da ya sa aka yi amfani da shi == An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar rubutun Cixous, wani littafi na baya-bayan nan mai taken Laughing with Medusa (2006) ya bincika aikin haɗin gwiwar Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Bracha Ettinger da Hélène Cixous . == Manazarta == 9zekceu2j578ssmlf3cbn0cmfjlh5md 961543 961542 2026-10-01T19:38:18Z Kamal JB 24987 961543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} "The Laugh of the Medusa" wata kasida ce ta 1975 ta mai sukar mata ta Faransa Hélène Cixous . Asalin da aka rubuta a Faransanci a matsayin "Le Rire de la Méduse", Paula Cohen da Keith Cohen suka fassara shi zuwa Turanci a cikin 1976. == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == A cikin rubutun, Cixous ya ba da ultimatum: cewa mata za su iya karatu kuma su zaɓi su kasance a cikin jikinsu ta hanyar harshe wanda ba ya ba su damar bayyana kansu, ko kuma za su iya amfani da jiki a matsayin hanyar sadarwa. Ta bayyana salon rubuce-rubuce, rubuce-bucen mata, wanda ta ce yana ƙoƙari ya fita daga ka'idojin al'ada da aka samu a cikin tsarin shugabanci. Ta yi jayayya cewa rubuce-''Rubutun mata'' suna bawa mata damar magance bukatunsu ta hanyar gina labarai masu karfi da kuma ainihi. Wannan rubutun yana cikin tarihin tattaunawar mata wanda ya raba mata saboda jinsi musamman dangane da marubuci.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jarrat |first=Susan C. |date=Winter 1992 |title=Performing Feminisms, Histories, Rhetoric |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3885650 |journal=[[Rhetoric Society Quarterly]] |volume=22 |issue=22 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1080/02773949209390936 |jstor=3885650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> "Dariya ta Medusa" tana magana game da wannan magana, rubuce-rubuce game da mutum da kuma umarnin mata su yi amfani da rubutu da jiki a matsayin tushen iko da wahayi. Cixous ta yi amfani da kalmar "Logic of Antilove" don bayyana fahimtar da take yi game da zalunci ga mata ta hanyar adadi. Ta bayyana Ma'anar Antilove a matsayin matan da ke ƙin kansu suna lura da cewa, "sun yi wa mata antinarcissism! Narcissism wanda ke son kansa kawai don abin da mata ba su da shi. "Wannan ra'ayin yana tsananta mata ta hanyar bayyana su ta hanyar abin da al'adar misogynistic ta yi imani ya sa jima'i na mata ya fi ƙasa. Cixous ya umarci mata da su mai da hankali kan mutum, musamman mutum na jiki da kuma rubuta don sake bayyana kansa a cikin tarihinta da labarinta. Rubutun ya yi jayayya cewa rubuce-rubuce kayan aiki ne dole ne mata su yi amfani da su don ba da shawara ga kansu don samun 'yancin da aka hana mata a tarihi. Koyaya, Cixous ya nuna cewa ''Rubutun mata'' ba'a iyakance shi ga "mata" ba. Ta ambaci Colette, [[Marguerite Duras]], da Jean Genet a matsayin "kawai rubuce-rubucen mata da taɓa gani" a cikin wallafe-wallafen Faransanci na ƙarni na ashirin. Ta kuma soki mata marubuta na karni na sha tara don rubutawa don yin kira ga maza. Ga Cixous, ba jikin mutum ba ne ya kamata ya bayyana asalinmu; wannan shine 'don rikitar da kwayoyin halitta da al'adu'. "The Laugh of the Medusa" gargaɗi ne kuma kira ga "yanayin mata" na rubuce-rubuce wanda Cixous ya kira "farin tawada" da rubuce-bucen mata. Cixous yana gina rubutun ta amfani da abubuwan wannan yanayin kuma ya cika shi da alamun wallafe-wallafen. Tana umurni mata da su yi amfani da rubutu a matsayin hanyar iko. Cixous ya binciki yadda jikin mace ke da alaƙa da marubucin mata. Tana isar da wannan sakon ta hanyar amfani da tattaunawa inda take koya wa masu sauraron ta kai tsaye. Ta bukaci masu sauraronta su rubuta, ta amfani da maganganun tattaunawa kai tsaye kamar "Rubuta a gare ku, ku ne a gare ku; jikinku naka ne, ku dauki shi. "Cixous ta maimaitawa a cikin saƙonta cewa mata dole ne su rubuta wa kansu kuma su ce jikinsu ya rufe rata tsakanin jiki na jikin mace da marubucin su. A yin haka ta kalubalanci bambance-bambance tsakanin ka'idar da aiki da ke fadada al'adar maganganun mata. "The Laugh of the Medusa" ya ci nasara wajen kirkirar salon rubuce-rubuce wanda ke ba mata damar da'awar iko saboda an halicce shi ne a kan tushen ikirarin mace ga kanta da jikinta, saboda haka kawar da tasirin zalunci na ikon shugabanci na maganganu. Wannan rubutun kuma yana sukar logocentrism da phallogocentrism, saboda yana ba da fifiko ga nau'in namiji na dalili da ke da alaƙa da al'ada, yana da alaƙa sosai da tunanin Jacques Derrida na baya. == Abin da ya sa aka yi amfani da shi == An yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar rubutun Cixous, wani littafi na baya-bayan nan mai taken Laughing with Medusa (2006) ya bincika aikin haɗin gwiwar Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Bracha Ettinger da Hélène Cixous . == Manazarta == oc6sczq9t4i762q1tourmxvf3kucptx 3 177764 961547 2026-10-01T20:00:09Z Borhan 26054 Borhan moved page [[Tattaunawar user:Hassan Hassoon]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Nile Nomad]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Hassan Hassoon|Hassan Hassoon]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Nile Nomad|Nile Nomad]]" 961547 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Tattaunawar user:Nile Nomad]] qtjz1eymkq7ir0yj26z5oqvmi6kd30l 0 177765 961553 2026-10-01T20:46:26Z SaadatuAliyu5484 48956 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1271235238|Anglican Province of Jos]]" 961553 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lardin Jos''' yana ɗaya daga cikin larduna 14 na Ikilisiyar Najeriya . Yana ɗaya daga cikin larduna goma na asali da aka kirkira a shekara ta 2002. An raba shi zuwa dioceses goma, 31 archdeaconries da 137 parishes. Diocese goma na Lardin Jos sune: * Bauchi — an kafa diocese ɗin a ranar 29 Satumba 1990. Bishop: Musa Mwin Tula. Bishop na farko shi ne E. O. Chukuma, wanda aka naɗa bishop a ranar 29 Afrilu 1990 a Kaduna. * Bukuru — an kafa shi a ranar 6 Maris 2007. Bishop: Jwan Zhumbes. * Damaturu — an kafa shi a ranar 8 Disamba 1996. Bishop: Yohannah Audu. An raba shi daga Diocese na Maiduguri. Bishop na farko shi ne Daniel Abu Visa, wanda aka naɗa a ranar 30 Nuwamba 1996 a Oke-Bola. * Gombe — an kafa shi kusan 25 Nuwamba 1999. Bishop: Cletus Tambari. * Jalingo — an kafa shi a ranar 10 Disamba 1996. Bishop: Foreman Nedison. Bishop na farko shi ne Tanimu Samari, wanda aka naɗa a ranar 30 Nuwamba 1996 a Oke-Bola. * Jos — an kafa shi a ranar 10 Janairu 1980. Bishop: Ephraim Gongden. * Langtang — an kafa shi a ranar 22 Mayu 2008. Bishop: Stanley Fube. * Maiduguri — an kafa shi a ranar 28 Satumba 1990. Bishop: Emmanuel Morris. Bishop na farko shi ne E. K. Mani, wanda aka naɗa a ranar 29 Afrilu 1990 a Kaduna. * Pankshin — an kafa shi a ranar 6 Maris 2007. Bishop: Olumuyiwa Ajayi. * Yola — an kafa shi a ranar 26 Satumba 1990. Bishop: Markus Ibrahim. == Archbishops na Lardin == * 2002-2008: Emmanuel Mani, Bishop na Maiduguri (babban bishop na farko, lokaci ɗaya) * 2008-2017: Benjamin Kwashi, Bishop na Jos <ref name="arch2007">{{Cite web |date=13 September 2007 |title=Latest Election of Archbishops in the Church of Nigeria, Global South Anglican Official Website |url=http://www.globalsouthanglican.org/index.php/comments/latest_election_of_archbishops_in_the_church_of_nigeria |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613084532/http://www.globalsouthanglican.org/index.php/comments/latest_election_of_archbishops_in_the_church_of_nigeria |archive-date=13 June 2018 |access-date=21 August 2022 |publisher=globalsouthanglican.org}}</ref> * 2018-2020: Henry Ndukuba (ya zama [[Cocin Najeriya|Firayim Minista na Duk Najeriya]]) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chancellor and three archbishops elected for Church of Nigeria &#124; Anglican Ink 2018 © |url=http://www.anglican.ink/article/chancellor-and-three-archbishops-elected-church-nigeria |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208182844/http://www.anglican.ink/article/chancellor-and-three-archbishops-elected-church-nigeria |archive-date=8 February 2018 |access-date=8 February 2018}}</ref> * 2020-yanzu: Markus Ibrahim, Bishop na Yola == Bayanan da aka ambata == 4ea90dssw876m8111w3wrjtm2wk75xe 3 177766 961555 2026-10-01T21:23:27Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961555 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Secretlondon! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Secretlondon|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ix7a7gn1r7c87x1w5awc1fe9ajvqdzf 3 177767 961556 2026-10-01T21:23:37Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961556 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, AGL212! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/AGL212|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 68o2byuctz7xunjg35nyrix86sqg18n 3 177768 961557 2026-10-01T21:23:47Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961557 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Basileus1299! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Basileus1299|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) mn76d8h7br1rlk730lamcle6ctpauc2 3 177769 961558 2026-10-01T21:23:57Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961558 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Dogmatic Quibbler! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Dogmatic Quibbler|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:23, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) s3nu5qb6jlp8tvo8pg9b7vv524rgcd6 3 177770 961559 2026-10-01T21:24:07Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961559 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Xircellen Ray! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Xircellen Ray|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) gnjtlae2vjwd7i8fxof63l7ie6ymwee 3 177771 961560 2026-10-01T21:24:17Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961560 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Petergkeyes! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Petergkeyes|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 0o4u8e2r6h6mbhcsxkxgf0yde9l5693 3 177772 961561 2026-10-01T21:24:27Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961561 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Inference! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Inference|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) k72asfznpomerzvff9k124cxopv0dcd 3 177773 961562 2026-10-01T21:24:37Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961562 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Warriorbenchmark! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Warriorbenchmark|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 7uxeltfh04cj1pslk27iqvyb18lo4pa 3 177774 961564 2026-10-01T21:24:47Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961564 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Kpn246! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Kpn246|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) cu8nx80e5v2292uvlwt8d6db776xspe 3 177775 961565 2026-10-01T21:24:57Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961565 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ncp4015! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ncp4015|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:24, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 4zqlx08lvq62fno9bibupkxtwesfhyf 3 177776 961566 2026-10-01T21:25:07Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961566 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Haruna19! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Haruna19|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) nf13l78sx9bl0xe5j69ciacjdyjw4fj 3 177777 961567 2026-10-01T21:25:17Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961567 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, SSalisu sani! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/SSalisu sani|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ma8q4gzwoukm4mb1cxz2u5apvuokhx4 3 177778 961568 2026-10-01T21:25:27Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961568 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, محمدعلاء٧٩٩٧٥٤٥! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/محمدعلاء٧٩٩٧٥٤٥|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 39rauesw30y1p8npela92c2w299flcb 3 177779 961569 2026-10-01T21:25:37Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961569 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, MrTRVK! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/MrTRVK|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) nof1lu20tnxeeyrrnddqcs88uhd6mcg 3 177780 961570 2026-10-01T21:25:47Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961570 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Glebushko0703! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Glebushko0703|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) su7787la9e49aforxjxqz95gxb5r343 3 177781 961571 2026-10-01T21:25:57Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961571 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Auhifdshfoinasofndaosf! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Auhifdshfoinasofndaosf|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 3rf9cxtjrfbihc219f8n951jqpbr5nv 961634 961571 2026-10-02T00:35:18Z Auhifdshfoinasofndaosf 49550 /* Barka da zuwa! */ Mayarwa 961634 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Auhifdshfoinasofndaosf! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Auhifdshfoinasofndaosf|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) :谢谢！我是偶然访问到这个平台的，我不会豪萨语，但是依然谢谢你的好意！ [[User:Auhifdshfoinasofndaosf|Auhifdshfoinasofndaosf]] ([[User talk:Auhifdshfoinasofndaosf|talk]]) 00:35, 2 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 8fjfhpd2ofdvz29815jh9ar2gh0f6wa 3 177782 961572 2026-10-01T21:26:07Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961572 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Rbsl3333! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Rbsl3333|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) f3amf8w6qhtwapqkzq3gg97k74qe00w 3 177783 961573 2026-10-01T21:26:17Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961573 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Muhdmanga! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Muhdmanga|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) rnkyo1zyhv0l23q1w1rwntkfd9koe1c 3 177784 961574 2026-10-01T21:26:28Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961574 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Hirolovesswords! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Hirolovesswords|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) sfc90uvcxyo802j3iqwxv8n2exdxscd 3 177785 961575 2026-10-01T21:26:37Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961575 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Crazyawareness! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Crazyawareness|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ebqdy47fqx0mxbd4ebz0qp21aphe6vs 3 177786 961576 2026-10-01T21:26:47Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961576 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Yowyowayo! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Yowyowayo|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) hgwcdkoarm5tlyzgnpdg9smz4mbhm0c 3 177787 961577 2026-10-01T21:26:57Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961577 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, TheaAlvaro! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/TheaAlvaro|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) g2ufrsokqd515usfb993a02c3rykbcj 3 177788 961578 2026-10-01T21:27:07Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961578 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, MuzaYangtw! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/MuzaYangtw|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) aa6nab4i7eph5z933p5czrmqdpfnxhj 3 177789 961579 2026-10-01T21:27:17Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961579 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Karibillahi maaruf! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Karibillahi maaruf|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 0p6kkeyhkt9sgl68ea1vsqq5xsuvaiw 3 177790 961581 2026-10-01T21:27:27Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961581 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Alfiyah Rizzy Afdiquni! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Alfiyah Rizzy Afdiquni|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 2kqa805lvk5gefrc9v0fgke76v3xso6 3 177791 961582 2026-10-01T21:27:37Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961582 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Jokojis! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Jokojis|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) frcybj7r41wx8w4jd5l7869fvnc6mkh 3 177792 961583 2026-10-01T21:27:47Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961583 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, K DeeDee! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/K DeeDee|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 3toooki32pdzh7pjvy5wjn93jha11b5 3 177793 961584 2026-10-01T21:27:57Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961584 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ibrahim Tauheed! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ibrahim Tauheed|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) bjae1taamptkd1fl4mz561rfk6m9gim 3 177794 961585 2026-10-01T21:28:07Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961585 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, WomenArtistUpdates! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/WomenArtistUpdates|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:28, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) o6lmxqjhwtgj8kh2zxhmhx1bfrc67o0 3 177795 961586 2026-10-01T21:28:17Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961586 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Kermitbagel99! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Kermitbagel99|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:28, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) 2r6g784qoy1mdmqu0o6ittya421qcbn 3 177796 961587 2026-10-01T21:28:27Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961587 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, M.I. Berté! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/M.I. Berté|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:28, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) lmz6br5tm1m3jy7bqdpvbqalghg1y89 3 177797 961588 2026-10-01T21:28:37Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961588 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Mpen320! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Mpen320|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:28, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) nrtisguarpebzvnm2lid29dlgo28d5m 3 177798 961589 2026-10-01T21:28:47Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 961589 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Namiba! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Namiba|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:28, 1 Oktoba 2026 (UTC) ku75kayxgdsymbeamwymww0q1q108qw 0 177799 961594 2026-10-01T21:37:40Z Baffa ali 47435 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377587651|Ezra Frech]]" 961594 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ezra Frech''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2005) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ezra Frech - Track & Field |url=https://usctrojans.com/sports/track-and-field/roster/ezra-frech/17161 |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=USC Athletics |language=en}}</ref> ɗan wasan motsa jiki ne na Amurka wanda ke fafatawa a tsalle mai tsayi, tsalle mai tsawo da abubuwan da suka faru. Ya kasance dan wasan Paralympic sau biyu, bayan ya yi gasa a [[Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2024]] kuma ya lashe lambobin zinare biyu a wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2024. Ya kuma lashe lambobin azurfa biyu a wasannin Parapan American na 2019. Frech mai magana ne mai motsawa kuma mai ba da shawara kan [[Fafutukar haƙƙin naƙasasu|Hakkin nakasassu]]. A cikin 2013, Frech ya kafa Angel City Sports don samar da kyauta, damar shekara-shekara ga horar da wasanni, kayan aiki, da kuma damar gasa ga yara da manya masu nakasa. [1] Wasannin Angel City suna karbar bakuncin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan wasanni na daidaitawa a kasar, Wasannin Angel Street, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru ga tsoffin sojoji, masu amsawa na farko, da matasa == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Frech a [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], ga Bahar Soomekh, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo da aka haifa a [[Iran]] kuma ta girma a Los Angeles. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Burack |first=Emily |date=2021-06-25 |title=18 Things to Know About Jewish Paralympian Ezra Frech |url=https://www.heyalma.com/18-things-to-know-about-jewish-paralympian-ezra-frech/ |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=Hey Alma |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana da 'yan uwansa maza biyu, Jibra'ilu da Iliya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McCarvel |first=Nick |date=2024-05-19 |title=Ezra Frech's goals are to jump high, but his aspirations are limitless: 'My real motivation is the disabled community at large' |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/ezra-frech-paralympics-high-jump-motivation-community-interview |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=Olympics.com}}</ref> An haifi Frech ba tare da yawancin ƙafarsa ta hagu ba (ya rasa gwiwa da fibula) da yatsunsu da suka ɓace a hannunsa na hagu. Ya sami kafafunsa na farko lokacin da yake da watanni 11.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2020 |title=Ezra Frech |url=https://www.challengedathletes.org/athletes/ezra-frech/ |website=Challenged Athletes Foundation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2015 |title=The Inspirational Story of 9-Year-Old Ezra Frech |url=https://www.seeker.com/the-inspirational-story-of-9-year-old-ezra-frech-1501496416.html |website=Seeker}}</ref> Lokacin da yake dan shekara 2, Frech ya yi tiyata don cire ƙafarsa ta hagu kuma ya dasa yatsan hannu daga ƙafarsa da aka yanke a hannunsa na hagu a Asibitin Yara na Boston.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 8, 2014 |title=Bahar Soomekh |url=https://www.kidsinthehouse.com/expert/parenting-advice-from-bahar-soomekh}}</ref> Frech ta kammala karatu a shekarar 2023 a Makarantar Brentwood . A watan Fabrairun 2024, ya zama na farko da aka yanke a kan gwiwoyi don shiga ƙungiyar NCAA Division I track and field a Jami'ar Kudancin California . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-06 |title=Paralympian Ezra Frech commits to USC Track and Field |url=https://www.uscannenbergmedia.com/2024/02/05/paralympian-ezra-frech-commits-to-usc-track-and-field/ |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=Annenberg Media |language=en}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekara ta 2025, yana karatu don digiri na farko a fannin zane-zane.<ref name=":0" /> == Ayyuka == Yayinda yake yaro, Frech ya buga wasan [[Kwallon kwando|Kwando]], baseball, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]], da karate kafin ya mai da hankali kan waƙa da filin lokacin da yake dan shekara 8. Taron farko da ya yi ya kasance a cikin 2013 a Wasannin Endeavor a [[Oklahoma]]" id="mwWA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Edmond, Oklahoma">Edmond, Oklahoma, inda ya karya rikodin matasa da yawa na kasa kuma an yi wahayi zuwa gare shi don ci gaba a cikin waƙa da filin. Frech ta kasance dan wasan karshe na 2014 na Sports Illustrated Sportkid of the Year . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ciampaglia |first=Dante A. |date=2016-07-25 |title=2014 SportsKid of the Year Finalist Ezra Frech Makes Acting Debut! |url=https://www.sikids.com/sportskid-of-the-year/2014-sportskid-year-finalist-ezra-frech-makes-acting-debut |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=SI Kids: Sports News for Kids, Kids Games and More |language=en-us}}</ref> Gasar farko ta Frech ta kasa da kasa ta kasance a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2019, inda ya lashe lambobin zinare daya da tagulla biyu. Ya lashe lambobin azurfa biyu a wasannin Parapan American na 2019. Frech ita ce 'yar wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da ta yi gasa a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2019 a [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]] . Ya kai wasan karshe a dukkan abubuwan da ya faru guda uku, amma bai samu lambar yabo ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 28, 2020 |title=Ezra Frech - Team USA |url=https://www.teamusa.org/para-track-and-field/athletes/Ezra-Frech |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813150202/https://www.teamusa.org/para-track-and-field/athletes/Ezra-Frech |archive-date=August 13, 2020 |website=United States Olympic Committee}}</ref> 2021, a cikin jinkirin [[Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2020|Wasannin Paralympic na bazara na 2020]] a [[Tokyo]], Frech ya sanya a cikin Babban tsalle T63 taron da mafi kyawun mutum na 1.80 10 + 3⁄4 in) (ya rasa podium da 3 cm) kuma 8th a cikin tsalle mai tsawo T63 taron tare da 5.85 m ( ft 2 +1⁄4 in).&nbsp; A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2023 a , Frech ya lashe lambar zinare a tsalle mai tsayi T63 kuma ya kafa sabon rikodin duniya a 1.95 4 + 3⁄4 in). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paris 2023 Para Athletics World Championships {{!}} Live Results |url=https://www.paralympic.org/athletics/paris-2023/live-results/info-live-results/athd23/eng/zz/ZZS158A_ATHD23AT@@@@@@@ENG.htm |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=International Paralympic Committee |language=en}}</ref> Ya kuma yi gasa a tsalle mai tsawo na maza T63.<ref name="results_book_world_para_athletics_championships_2023">{{Cite web |title=Results Book |url=https://www.paralympic.org/static/info/resATHD23/pdf/ATHD23/AT/ATHD23_AT_B99_AT0000000.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809035448/https://www.paralympic.org/static/info/resATHD23/pdf/ATHD23/AT/ATHD23_AT_B99_AT0000000.pdf |archive-date=9 August 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=2023 World Para Athletics Championships}}</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2024 a [[Kobe]], ya kasance na 2 a tsalle mai tsayi T63 da na 4 a tsalle-tsalle mai tsalle T63. Frech ya karya rikodin kansa na duniya a tsalle mai tsayi T a 2024 USA Paralympic Trials tare da tsalle na 1.97 5 + 1⁄2 in). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C9qSO6Fu8-l/?img_index=1 |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref> Ya kuma sanya na farko tsalle mai tsawo T63, ya karya rikodin Amurka tare da tsalle na 7.05 1 + 1⁄2 in). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C9oA1FTNX9b/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref> Frech ya fafata a [[Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2024]] a birnin Paris, inda ya lashe zinare a tseren mita 100 na T <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Gabriel |title=Ezra Frech gets his gold in 100m, sees momentum of Paralympics ramping up |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2024/09/02/ezra-frech-wins-paralympic-gold/75049826007/ |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> tare da lokacin 12.06 seconds, da zinare tsalle-tsalle na maza T63 a tsalle na farko a tsawo na 1.94 4 +1⁄4 in), wanda kuma ya kafa rikodin wasannin Paralympic. &nbsp;&nbsp; == Taimako == A shekara ta 2006, dangin Frech sun kafa Team Ezra don samar da albarkatun kudi ga kungiyoyin da ke yiwa mutanen da ke da nakasa hidima. Frech ya fara magana da makarantu yana da shekaru 4 don wayar da kan jama'a ga mutanen da ke da nakasa a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin kungiyarsa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2020 |title=Team Ezra - My Story |url=http://www.teamezra.com/ezra-story |website=Team Ezra}}</ref> A cikin 2013, Frech ya kafa Angel City Sports don samar da kyauta, damar shekara-shekara ga horar da wasanni, kayan aiki, da kuma damar gasa ga yara da manya masu nakasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Angel City Sports |url=http://angelcitysports.org/ |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=Angel City Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> Wasannin Angel City suna karbar bakuncin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan wasanni na daidaitawa a kasar, Wasannin Angel Street, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru ga tsoffin sojoji, masu amsawa na farko, da matasa. == Tarihin gasa == === Gasar kasa da kasa === {| {{AchievementTable}} |- | rowspan=9|2019 | rowspan=3|[[World Para Athletics Junior Championships|World Para Junior Championships]]<ref>{{cite web |title=2019 World Para Athletics Junior Championships 2019 |url=https://www.milesplit.com/meets/364932-2019-world-para-athletics-junior-championships-2019/ |website=MileSplit |access-date=4 September 2024}}</ref> | rowspan=3|[[Nottwil]], Switzerland | bgcolor=gold|1st | High jump 15-16 | {{T&Fcalc|5.075}} |{{N/a}} |- | bgcolor=gold|1st | Long jump 15-16 | |{{N/a}} |- | bgcolor=cc9966|3rd | 100&nbsp;m 15-16 | 13.88&nbsp;s |{{N/a}} |- | rowspan=3|[[2019 Parapan American Games|Parapan American Games]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Ezra Frech - Parapan American Games 2019 |url=https://db.ipc-services.org/lima-2019/en/results/para-athletics/athlete-profile-n1153189-frech-ezra.htm |website=IPC Service Centre |access-date=4 September 2024}}</ref> | rowspan=3|[[Lima]], Peru | bgcolor=silver|2nd | [[Athletics at the 2019 Parapan American Games#Men's events|High jump T42-47/T63-64]] | {{T&Fcalc|1.74}} |{{N/a}} |- | bgcolor=silver|2nd | [[Athletics at the 2019 Parapan American Games#Men's events|Long jump T63/T64]] | {{T&Fcalc|5.43}} |{{N/a}} |- | 7th | [[Athletics at the 2019 Parapan American Games#Men's events|100&nbsp;m T64]] | 13.82&nbsp;s |{{N/a}} |- | rowspan=3|[[2019 World Para Athletics Championships|World Para Championships]]<ref name=1:>{{cite web |title=FRECH Ezra |url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024-paralympics/athlete/ezra-frech_2486964 |work=[[Paris 2024 Paralympics]] |access-date=4 September 2024}}</ref> | rowspan=3|[[Dubai]], UAE | 7th | High jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|1.74}} |{{N/a}} |- | 8th | Long jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|5.45}} |{{N/a}} |- | 8th | 100&nbsp;m T63 | 13.67&nbsp;s |{{N/a}} |- |rowspan=2|2021 |rowspan=2|[[2020 Summer Paralympics|Paralympic Games]]<ref name=1:/> |rowspan=2|[[Tokyo]], Japan |5th |[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Men's high jump#T63|High jump T63]] |{{T&Fcalc|1.80}} |{{N/a}} |- |8th |[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Men's long jump#T63|Long jump T63]] |{{T&Fcalc|5.85}} |{{N/a}} |- | rowspan=3|2023 | rowspan=3|[[2023 World Para Athletics Championships|World Para Championships]]<ref name=1:/> | rowspan=3|[[Paris]], France | bgcolor=gold|1st | High jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|1.95}} |{{N/a}} |- | 4th | Long jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|6.64}} |{{N/a}} |- | 6th | 100&nbsp;m T63 | 12.45&nbsp;s |{{N/a}} |- |rowspan=5|2024 |rowspan=2|[[2024 World Para Athletics Championships|World Para Championships]]<ref name=1:/> | rowspan=2|[[Kobe]], Japan | bgcolor=silver|2nd | High jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|1.85}} |{{N/a}} |- | 4th | Long jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|6.58}} |{{N/a}} |- |rowspan=3|[[2024 Summer Paralympics|Paralympic Games]]<ref name=1:/> |rowspan=3|[[Paris]], France |bgcolor=gold|1st |[[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's high jump#T63|High jump T63]] |{{T&Fcalc|1.80}} |{{AthAbbr|WR}} {{AthAbbr|PR}} {{AthAbbr|NR}} {{AthAbbr|PB}} |- |bgcolor=gold|1st |[[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's 100 metres#T63|100&nbsp;m T63]] |12.06&nbsp;s |{{AthAbbr|PB}} |- |5th |[[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's long jump#T63|Long jump T63]] |{{T&Fcalc|6.58}} |{{N/a}} |- |} === Gasar kasa === {| {{AchievementTable}} |- | rowspan=3|2024 | rowspan=3|[[United States Paralympic trials (track and field)|U.S. Paralympic Trials]]<ref>{{cite web |title=2024 US Paralympics Trials |url=http://live.halfmiletiming.com/meets/692/events/ |website=Half Mile Timing |access-date=4 September 2024}}</ref> | rowspan=3|[[Miramar, Florida]] | bgcolor=gold|1st | High jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|1.97}} |{{N/a}} |- | bgcolor=gold|1st | Long jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|7.05}} |{{AthAbbr|NR}} |- | bgcolor=silver|2nd | 100&nbsp;m T63 | 12.26&nbsp;s |{{N/a}} |- |} == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi ! class="unsortable" |Bayani |- |2016 |''Kirby Buckets'' |Sprint Phillips |Fim: An ƙone shi |- |2026 |''Yin rawa tare da Taurari'' |Shi da kansa |Mai fafatawa (lokaci 35) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bernabe |first=Angeline |title='Dancing with the Stars' season 35: Meet the celebrity cast and their pro dance partners |url=https://www.goodmorningamerica.com/culture/story/dancing-with-the-stars-season-35-celebrity-cast-136095657 |access-date=3 September 2026 |website=Good Morning America |language=en}}</ref> |- |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2005]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cu1j2pfdrwmv7f20755wazh7ar6ic31 961595 961594 2026-10-01T21:38:37Z Baffa ali 47435 961595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ezra Frech''' (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 2005) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ezra Frech - Track & Field |url=https://usctrojans.com/sports/track-and-field/roster/ezra-frech/17161 |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=USC Athletics |language=en}}</ref> ɗan wasan motsa jiki ne na Amurka wanda ke fafatawa a tsalle mai tsayi, tsalle mai tsawo da abubuwan da suka faru. Ya kasance dan wasan Paralympic sau biyu, bayan ya yi gasa a [[Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2024]] kuma ya lashe lambobin zinare biyu a wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2024. Ya kuma lashe lambobin azurfa biyu a wasannin Parapan American na 2019. Frech mai magana ne mai motsawa kuma mai ba da shawara kan [[Fafutukar haƙƙin naƙasasu|Hakkin nakasassu]]. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Frech a [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], ga Bahar Soomekh, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo da aka haifa a [[Iran]] kuma ta girma a Los Angeles. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Burack |first=Emily |date=2021-06-25 |title=18 Things to Know About Jewish Paralympian Ezra Frech |url=https://www.heyalma.com/18-things-to-know-about-jewish-paralympian-ezra-frech/ |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=Hey Alma |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana da 'yan uwansa maza biyu, Jibra'ilu da Iliya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McCarvel |first=Nick |date=2024-05-19 |title=Ezra Frech's goals are to jump high, but his aspirations are limitless: 'My real motivation is the disabled community at large' |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/ezra-frech-paralympics-high-jump-motivation-community-interview |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=Olympics.com}}</ref> An haifi Frech ba tare da yawancin ƙafarsa ta hagu ba (ya rasa gwiwa da fibula) da yatsunsu da suka ɓace a hannunsa na hagu. Ya sami kafafunsa na farko lokacin da yake da watanni 11.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2020 |title=Ezra Frech |url=https://www.challengedathletes.org/athletes/ezra-frech/ |website=Challenged Athletes Foundation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2015 |title=The Inspirational Story of 9-Year-Old Ezra Frech |url=https://www.seeker.com/the-inspirational-story-of-9-year-old-ezra-frech-1501496416.html |website=Seeker}}</ref> Lokacin da yake dan shekara 2, Frech ya yi tiyata don cire ƙafarsa ta hagu kuma ya dasa yatsan hannu daga ƙafarsa da aka yanke a hannunsa na hagu a Asibitin Yara na Boston.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 8, 2014 |title=Bahar Soomekh |url=https://www.kidsinthehouse.com/expert/parenting-advice-from-bahar-soomekh}}</ref> Frech ta kammala karatu a shekarar 2023 a Makarantar Brentwood . A watan Fabrairun 2024, ya zama na farko da aka yanke a kan gwiwoyi don shiga ƙungiyar NCAA Division I track and field a Jami'ar Kudancin California . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-06 |title=Paralympian Ezra Frech commits to USC Track and Field |url=https://www.uscannenbergmedia.com/2024/02/05/paralympian-ezra-frech-commits-to-usc-track-and-field/ |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=Annenberg Media |language=en}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekara ta 2025, yana karatu don digiri na farko a fannin zane-zane.<ref name=":0" /> == Ayyuka == Yayinda yake yaro, Frech ya buga wasan [[Kwallon kwando|Kwando]], baseball, [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]], da karate kafin ya mai da hankali kan waƙa da filin lokacin da yake dan shekara 8. Taron farko da ya yi ya kasance a cikin 2013 a Wasannin Endeavor a [[Oklahoma]]" id="mwWA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Edmond, Oklahoma">Edmond, Oklahoma, inda ya karya rikodin matasa da yawa na kasa kuma an yi wahayi zuwa gare shi don ci gaba a cikin waƙa da filin. Frech ta kasance dan wasan karshe na 2014 na Sports Illustrated Sportkid of the Year . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ciampaglia |first=Dante A. |date=2016-07-25 |title=2014 SportsKid of the Year Finalist Ezra Frech Makes Acting Debut! |url=https://www.sikids.com/sportskid-of-the-year/2014-sportskid-year-finalist-ezra-frech-makes-acting-debut |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=SI Kids: Sports News for Kids, Kids Games and More |language=en-us}}</ref> Gasar farko ta Frech ta kasa da kasa ta kasance a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2019, inda ya lashe lambobin zinare daya da tagulla biyu. Ya lashe lambobin azurfa biyu a wasannin Parapan American na 2019. Frech ita ce 'yar wasa mafi ƙanƙanta da ta yi gasa a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2019 a [[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]] . Ya kai wasan karshe a dukkan abubuwan da ya faru guda uku, amma bai samu lambar yabo ba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 28, 2020 |title=Ezra Frech - Team USA |url=https://www.teamusa.org/para-track-and-field/athletes/Ezra-Frech |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813150202/https://www.teamusa.org/para-track-and-field/athletes/Ezra-Frech |archive-date=August 13, 2020 |website=United States Olympic Committee}}</ref> 2021, a cikin jinkirin [[Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2020|Wasannin Paralympic na bazara na 2020]] a [[Tokyo]], Frech ya sanya a cikin Babban tsalle T63 taron da mafi kyawun mutum na 1.80 10 + 3⁄4 in) (ya rasa podium da 3 cm) kuma 8th a cikin tsalle mai tsawo T63 taron tare da 5.85 m ( ft 2 +1⁄4 in).&nbsp; A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2023 a , Frech ya lashe lambar zinare a tsalle mai tsayi T63 kuma ya kafa sabon rikodin duniya a 1.95 4 + 3⁄4 in). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Paris 2023 Para Athletics World Championships {{!}} Live Results |url=https://www.paralympic.org/athletics/paris-2023/live-results/info-live-results/athd23/eng/zz/ZZS158A_ATHD23AT@@@@@@@ENG.htm |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=International Paralympic Committee |language=en}}</ref> Ya kuma yi gasa a tsalle mai tsawo na maza T63.<ref name="results_book_world_para_athletics_championships_2023">{{Cite web |title=Results Book |url=https://www.paralympic.org/static/info/resATHD23/pdf/ATHD23/AT/ATHD23_AT_B99_AT0000000.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809035448/https://www.paralympic.org/static/info/resATHD23/pdf/ATHD23/AT/ATHD23_AT_B99_AT0000000.pdf |archive-date=9 August 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |website=2023 World Para Athletics Championships}}</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 2024 a [[Kobe]], ya kasance na 2 a tsalle mai tsayi T63 da na 4 a tsalle-tsalle mai tsalle T63. Frech ya karya rikodin kansa na duniya a tsalle mai tsayi T a 2024 USA Paralympic Trials tare da tsalle na 1.97 5 + 1⁄2 in). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C9qSO6Fu8-l/?img_index=1 |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref> Ya kuma sanya na farko tsalle mai tsawo T63, ya karya rikodin Amurka tare da tsalle na 7.05 1 + 1⁄2 in). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C9oA1FTNX9b/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref> Frech ya fafata a [[Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2024]] a birnin Paris, inda ya lashe zinare a tseren mita 100 na T <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Gabriel |title=Ezra Frech gets his gold in 100m, sees momentum of Paralympics ramping up |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2024/09/02/ezra-frech-wins-paralympic-gold/75049826007/ |access-date=2024-09-03 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> tare da lokacin 12.06 seconds, da zinare tsalle-tsalle na maza T63 a tsalle na farko a tsawo na 1.94 4 +1⁄4 in), wanda kuma ya kafa rikodin wasannin Paralympic. &nbsp;&nbsp; == Taimako == A shekara ta 2006, dangin Frech sun kafa Team Ezra don samar da albarkatun kudi ga kungiyoyin da ke yiwa mutanen da ke da nakasa hidima. Frech ya fara magana da makarantu yana da shekaru 4 don wayar da kan jama'a ga mutanen da ke da nakasa a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin kungiyarsa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2020 |title=Team Ezra - My Story |url=http://www.teamezra.com/ezra-story |website=Team Ezra}}</ref> A cikin 2013, Frech ya kafa Angel City Sports don samar da kyauta, damar shekara-shekara ga horar da wasanni, kayan aiki, da kuma damar gasa ga yara da manya masu nakasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Angel City Sports |url=http://angelcitysports.org/ |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=Angel City Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> Wasannin Angel City suna karbar bakuncin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan wasanni na daidaitawa a kasar, Wasannin Angel Street, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru ga tsoffin sojoji, masu amsawa na farko, da matasa. == Tarihin gasa == === Gasar kasa da kasa === {| {{AchievementTable}} |- | rowspan=9|2019 | rowspan=3|[[World Para Athletics Junior Championships|World Para Junior Championships]]<ref>{{cite web |title=2019 World Para Athletics Junior Championships 2019 |url=https://www.milesplit.com/meets/364932-2019-world-para-athletics-junior-championships-2019/ |website=MileSplit |access-date=4 September 2024}}</ref> | rowspan=3|[[Nottwil]], Switzerland | bgcolor=gold|1st | High jump 15-16 | {{T&Fcalc|5.075}} |{{N/a}} |- | bgcolor=gold|1st | Long jump 15-16 | |{{N/a}} |- | bgcolor=cc9966|3rd | 100&nbsp;m 15-16 | 13.88&nbsp;s |{{N/a}} |- | rowspan=3|[[2019 Parapan American Games|Parapan American Games]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Ezra Frech - Parapan American Games 2019 |url=https://db.ipc-services.org/lima-2019/en/results/para-athletics/athlete-profile-n1153189-frech-ezra.htm |website=IPC Service Centre |access-date=4 September 2024}}</ref> | rowspan=3|[[Lima]], Peru | bgcolor=silver|2nd | [[Athletics at the 2019 Parapan American Games#Men's events|High jump T42-47/T63-64]] | {{T&Fcalc|1.74}} |{{N/a}} |- | bgcolor=silver|2nd | [[Athletics at the 2019 Parapan American Games#Men's events|Long jump T63/T64]] | {{T&Fcalc|5.43}} |{{N/a}} |- | 7th | [[Athletics at the 2019 Parapan American Games#Men's events|100&nbsp;m T64]] | 13.82&nbsp;s |{{N/a}} |- | rowspan=3|[[2019 World Para Athletics Championships|World Para Championships]]<ref name=1:>{{cite web |title=FRECH Ezra |url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024-paralympics/athlete/ezra-frech_2486964 |work=[[Paris 2024 Paralympics]] |access-date=4 September 2024}}</ref> | rowspan=3|[[Dubai]], UAE | 7th | High jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|1.74}} |{{N/a}} |- | 8th | Long jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|5.45}} |{{N/a}} |- | 8th | 100&nbsp;m T63 | 13.67&nbsp;s |{{N/a}} |- |rowspan=2|2021 |rowspan=2|[[2020 Summer Paralympics|Paralympic Games]]<ref name=1:/> |rowspan=2|[[Tokyo]], Japan |5th |[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Men's high jump#T63|High jump T63]] |{{T&Fcalc|1.80}} |{{N/a}} |- |8th |[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Men's long jump#T63|Long jump T63]] |{{T&Fcalc|5.85}} |{{N/a}} |- | rowspan=3|2023 | rowspan=3|[[2023 World Para Athletics Championships|World Para Championships]]<ref name=1:/> | rowspan=3|[[Paris]], France | bgcolor=gold|1st | High jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|1.95}} |{{N/a}} |- | 4th | Long jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|6.64}} |{{N/a}} |- | 6th | 100&nbsp;m T63 | 12.45&nbsp;s |{{N/a}} |- |rowspan=5|2024 |rowspan=2|[[2024 World Para Athletics Championships|World Para Championships]]<ref name=1:/> | rowspan=2|[[Kobe]], Japan | bgcolor=silver|2nd | High jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|1.85}} |{{N/a}} |- | 4th | Long jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|6.58}} |{{N/a}} |- |rowspan=3|[[2024 Summer Paralympics|Paralympic Games]]<ref name=1:/> |rowspan=3|[[Paris]], France |bgcolor=gold|1st |[[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's high jump#T63|High jump T63]] |{{T&Fcalc|1.80}} |{{AthAbbr|WR}} {{AthAbbr|PR}} {{AthAbbr|NR}} {{AthAbbr|PB}} |- |bgcolor=gold|1st |[[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's 100 metres#T63|100&nbsp;m T63]] |12.06&nbsp;s |{{AthAbbr|PB}} |- |5th |[[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's long jump#T63|Long jump T63]] |{{T&Fcalc|6.58}} |{{N/a}} |- |} === Gasar kasa === {| {{AchievementTable}} |- | rowspan=3|2024 | rowspan=3|[[United States Paralympic trials (track and field)|U.S. Paralympic Trials]]<ref>{{cite web |title=2024 US Paralympics Trials |url=http://live.halfmiletiming.com/meets/692/events/ |website=Half Mile Timing |access-date=4 September 2024}}</ref> | rowspan=3|[[Miramar, Florida]] | bgcolor=gold|1st | High jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|1.97}} |{{N/a}} |- | bgcolor=gold|1st | Long jump T63 | {{T&Fcalc|7.05}} |{{AthAbbr|NR}} |- | bgcolor=silver|2nd | 100&nbsp;m T63 | 12.26&nbsp;s |{{N/a}} |- |} == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi ! class="unsortable" |Bayani |- |2016 |''Kirby Buckets'' |Sprint Phillips |Fim: An ƙone shi |- |2026 |''Yin rawa tare da Taurari'' |Shi da kansa |Mai fafatawa (lokaci 35) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bernabe |first=Angeline |title='Dancing with the Stars' season 35: Meet the celebrity cast and their pro dance partners |url=https://www.goodmorningamerica.com/culture/story/dancing-with-the-stars-season-35-celebrity-cast-136095657 |access-date=3 September 2026 |website=Good Morning America |language=en}}</ref> |- |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 2005]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7orr7o5p33gw2lkp5srldldnr4swglf 0 177800 961597 2026-10-01T21:41:45Z SaadatuAliyu5484 48956 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371561712|Samkon Gado]]" 961597 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samkon Kaltho Gado''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1982) masanin ilimin hawan jiki ne na Najeriya da Amurka. Ya kasance tsohon kwararren [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] wanda ke gudana a cikin Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa (NFL) na Green Bay Packers, Houston Texans, Miami Dolphins, da St. Louis Rams . Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Liberty . Kansas City Chiefs ne suka sanya hannu a matsayin mai ba da kyauta a shekara ta 2005. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a Kufai, [[Gombe (jiha)|Jihar Gombe]], [[Najeriya]], sunansa na farko (Samkon) yana nufin "gaskiya" a cikin [[Harshen Tangale]], kuma sunansa na ƙarshe yana nufin "gadadi".<ref name="True" /> Iyalinsa sun ƙaura daga Kufai zuwa Wheaton, Illinois, lokacin da Gado ke da rabin shekara; mahaifinsa ya halarci Kwalejin Wheaton a wannan lokacin. Sun koma Najeriya lokacin da Samkon ke da shekaru biyu.<ref name="True">{{Cite web |last=Wilde |first=Jason |date=November 20, 2005 |title=Gado Stays True: RB Samkon Gado Has Remained Humble as His Career Has Surprisingly Taken Off |url=https://madison.com/sports/gado-stays-true-rb-samkon-gado-has-remained-humble-as/article_b53a4c48-2a65-5885-9e24-f38a15599b98.html |access-date=December 22, 2019 |website=[[Wisconsin State Journal]] |publisher=Capital Newspapers, Inc.}}</ref> Bayan ya koma Najeriya, mahaifinsa ya sake yin ƙaura a 1990 don samun digiri na biyu a fannin allahntaka a Jami'ar Columbia International. Wani coci a Kudancin Carolina ya ba da gudummawar kuɗi bayan shekara guda don Gado da mahaifiyarsa su iya tafiya zuwa Arewacin Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 5, 2006 |title=Samkon Gado Looks Forward To New Offensive Scheme |url=https://www.packers.com/news/samkon-gado-looks-forward-to-new-offensive-scheme-2451484 |access-date=April 11, 2020 |publisher=Green Bay Packers}}</ref> Ya halarci Makarantar Ben Lippen a Columbia, ta Kudu Carolina, kuma ya rubuta wasika a kwallon kafa, kwando da baseball, inda ya sami girmamawa a kwallon kafa.<ref name="Titans bio">{{Cite web |title=Samkon Gado |url=http://prod.static.titans.clubs.nfl.com/assets/docs/Gado_Samkon_bio.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207182112/http://prod.static.titans.clubs.nfl.com/assets/docs/Gado_Samkon_bio.pdf |archive-date=December 7, 2013 |access-date=April 11, 2020 |publisher=Tennessee Titans}}</ref> == Ayyukan kwaleji == Gado ya karɓi tallafin ƙwallon ƙafa daga Jami'ar Liberty, makarantar Division I-AA a Lynchburg, Virginia. Ya yi aiki mafi yawa a matsayin mai gudu na uku, ya fara wasanni biyu kawai a lokacin da yake tare da Flames.<ref name="ESPN">{{Cite web |last=Crossman |first=Matt |date=6 November 2017 |title=How ex-Packers phenom Samkon Gado became a doctor on a mission |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/21185965/how-samkon-gado-went-being-green-bay-packers-phenom-doctor-mission |access-date=December 22, 2019 |website=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Raunin da aka samu ga abokan aiki biyu, Eugene Goodman da Dr. Barnes, sun ga Gado ya sami mafi yawan lokacin wasa a matsayin babban jami'in bayan da ya fara shirin jan tufafi.<ref name="True" /> Ya shiga kungiyar All-Big South a ƙarshen kakar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 2, 2019 |title=Game On: Samkon Gado - Rushing to Help Others |url=https://www.liberty.edu/flames/index.cfm?PID=36963&newsID=22197 |access-date=May 11, 2020 |website=[[Liberty Flames football]]}}</ref> == Ayyukan sana'a == === Shugabannin Birnin Kansas === After going undrafted in the 2005 NFL draft, Gado was signed by the Kansas City Chiefs in May after Liberty's Ken Karcher recommended him to Chiefs offensive coordinator Al Saunders.<ref name="True" /> He didn't play in the preseason because of a neck injury and was waived on August 29. He was signed to the practice squad on September 5 and was released again on October 4.<ref name="True" /> === Green Bay Packers === A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 2005, Green Bay Packers ta sanya hannu kan Gado zuwa tawagar motsa jiki ta tawagar bayan ta yi tseren mita 40 na 4.43 a gaban 'yan kallo.<ref name="True" /> A ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba, an kara shi zuwa jerin sunayen masu aiki bayan Ahman Green ya fashe kwatangwalo, Najeh Davenport ya karya idonsa kuma Tony Fisher ya fashe haƙarƙarinsa na farko.<ref name="Good Gado">{{Cite web |last=Zizzo |first=Nick |date=December 12, 2005 |title=Good Gado: Rookie Record Samon Gado Runs For 171 Yards, Shattering the Packers' Single-Game Rookie Mark |url=https://madison.com/sports/good-gado-rookie-record-samkon-gado-runs-for-yards-shattering/article_637936d9-939b-58e1-9844-fcf2df9b23bb.html |access-date=December 22, 2019 |website=[[Wisconsin State Journal]]}}</ref> Ya fara wasan farko na NFL washegari a kan Cincinnati Bengals, inda ya yi rikodin daya don yadudduka takwas.<ref name="ESPN" /> A ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba, 2005, ReShard Lee ya yi kuskure a karo na biyu da ya yi da Pittsburgh Steelers kuma an ajiye shi a kan sauran wasan. A matsayin mai kula da Lee, Gado ya yi rajista sama da 20 yayin wasan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gash |first=Morry |date=November 12, 2005 |title=Samkon Gado will make his first pro start Sunday. |url=https://chippewa.com/sports/samkon-gado-will-make-his-first-pro-start-sunday/article_be8f637d-e125-5937-a82c-3a45ca92ed68.html |access-date=May 11, 2020 |website=Chippewa Herald}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, 2005, Gado ya fara wasan farko na NFL da Atlanta Falcons . A cikin wasan, ya yi sauri sama da yadudduka 100 da touchdowns biyu, kuma ya kama touchdown, wanda ya kai ga an kira shi NFC Offensive Rookie of the Week for Week 10. <ref name="Rookie Honor">{{Cite web |last=Huber |first=Bill |date=November 18, 2005 |title=Gado gets rookie honor |url=https://247sports.com/nfl/green-bay-packers/Article/Gado-gets-rookie-honor-104268631/ |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=247Sports}}</ref> Wasan Gado na uku-touchdown shine na farko da Packer rookie ya yi tun lokacin da James Lofton ya yi a shekarar 1978.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 15, 2005 |title=Samkon Gado Named NFC Offensive Player Of The Week; Barnett, Longwell Nominated |url=https://www.packers.com/news/samkon-gado-named-nfc-offensive-player-of-the-week-barnett-longwell-nomi-2457895 |access-date=May 11, 2020 |website=[[Green Bay Packers]]}}</ref> A cikin wasan mako na 14 da ya yi da Detroit Lions, ƙoƙarinsa na uku na 100-yadi na kakar, Gado ya yi sauri don yadudduka 171 a kan Detroit Lions. <ref name="ROTW">{{Cite web |date=December 14, 205 |title=Samkon Gado Selected As Rookie Of The Week |url=https://www.packers.com/news/samkon-gado-selected-as-rookie-of-the-week-2459529 |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=Green Bay Packers}}</ref> Rubuce-rubuce na rookie ga Packers, gami da gudu na 64-yadi, yayin da aka sake ba shi kyautar Rookie of the Week. Wani tsagewa na tsakiya na tsakiya, wanda ya sha wahala a ƙarshen kwata na farko a kan Baltimore Ravens a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, ya sauka Gado a kan raunin da ya ji rauni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 21, 2005 |title=Knee injury ends season for Packers rookie RB Gado |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/news/story?id=2267675 |access-date=March 25, 2005 |website=ESPN}}</ref> A shekara ta 2006, an kori Mike Sherman kuma an maye gurbinsa da Mike McCarthy a matsayin sabon kocin. A lokacin sansanin horo, Gado ya sami karamin rauni a gwiwa amma bai rasa lokaci mai mahimmanci ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Huber |first=Bill |date=August 17, 2006 |title=Training camp notes |url=https://247sports.com/nfl/green-bay-packers/Article/Training-camp-notes-104345002/ |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=247Sports}}</ref> Bayan rauni ga William Henderson, Gado ya sauya zuwa matsayi na wucin gadi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 20, 2006 |title=Training Camp Report: Rookie O-linemen Moll, Spitz To Open '06 Season As Starters |url=https://www.packers.com/news/training-camp-report-rookie-o-linemen-moll-spitz-to-open-06-season-as-st-2451142 |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=Green Bay Packers}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Satumba, 2006, bayan mako na farko na kakar wasa ta NFL, an sayar da Gado ga Houston Texans don musayar Vernand Morency.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Packers.com » News » Press Releases » September 13, 2006: Packers Acquire Morency from Texans for Gado |url=http://packers.com/news/releases/2006/09/13/1/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061017213951/http://www.packers.com/news/releases/2006/09/13/1/ |archive-date=2006-10-17 |access-date=2006-09-13}}</ref> === 'Yan kasar Houston === [[Fayil:Samkon_Gado_in_2006.jpg|right|thumb|261x261px|Gado a shekara ta 2006]] A shekara ta 2006, ya sake haduwa da tsohon kocin Packers Mike Sherman wanda ke horar da layin Texas. Ya kasance madadin Ron Dayne da Wali Lundy. A kan Jacksonville Jaguars a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2006, Gado ya dauki maɓallin kwado na huɗu don samun nasarar 13-10 Texans.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 26, 2012 |title=Texans stun Jaguars again 13-10 |url=http://www.nfl.com/news/story/09000d5d800581de/article/texans-stun-jaguars-again-1310 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325163218/http://www.nfl.com/news/story/09000d5d800581de/article/texans-stun-jaguars-again-1310 |archive-date=March 25, 2020 |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2007, Texans sun kara da wakilin kyauta mai gudu Ahman Green. Gado ya sanya tawagar a kan Lundy, yana wasa a wasanni uku a matsayin madadi, yayin da yake yin rajista da 18 don yadudduka 46 da kuma touchdown daya. A ranar 23 ga Oktoba, 2007, Texans sun saki Gado bayan sun inganta Adimchinobi Echemandu daga tawagar motsa jiki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 24, 2007 |title=Rams release guard after arrest for assaulting wife |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2007-10-24-0710240516-story.html |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=Chicago Tribune}}</ref> === Dolphins na Miami === Ba da daɗewa ba kafin a saki Gado daga Houston, Miami Dolphins sun rasa farawa mai gudu Ronnie Brown zuwa ACL mai fashewa, kuma ƙungiyar daga baya ta yi ikirarin Gado a ƙarshen Oktoba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 26, 2007 |title=Dolphins Add RB Samkon Gado |url=https://football.realgm.com/wiretap/6241/Dolphins-Add-RB-Samkon-Gado |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=RealGM}}</ref> Kungiyar ta yanke shi don goyon bayan Ricky Williams a ranar 26 ga watan Nuwamba, amma bayan da Williams ya samu rauni a wannan rana, an sake sanya hannu kan Gado a cikin jerin sunayen masu aiki a ranar 28 ga watan Nuwambar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fialkov |first=Harvey |date=November 29, 2007 |title=Team's back(s) to square one |url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-2007-11-29-0711280430-story.html |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=South Florida Sun Sentinel}}</ref> Ya zira kwallaye biyu a watan Disamba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2007 |title=Grading the Dolphins |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/sports/nfl/miami-dolphins/article1928657.html |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=Miami Herald}}</ref> Gado, mai ƙuntataccen wakilin kyauta a cikin shekara ta 2008, ba a ba shi kwangila daga ƙungiyar ba. === St. Louis Rams === Gado ya sanya hannu ne daga St. Louis Rams a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, 2008, bayan an sanya masu karɓar Drew Bennett da Dante Hall a cikin ajiyar da suka ji rauni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 5, 2008 |title=Gado Signs Free Agent Contract with Rams |url=http://www.liberty.edu/flames/index.cfm?PID=36963&newsID=3191 |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=[[Liberty Flames football]]}}</ref> Bayan ya yi wasa a wasa daya kuma ya kasance maras aiki a wasa daya, an sake shi a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba.<ref name="Titans bio" /> Gado ya sake sanya hannu daga Rams don sansanin horo na 2009, inda ya sami rauni a haƙarƙari a wasan da ya yi da Kansas City Chiefs . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fallstrom |first=R.B. |date=September 4, 2009 |title=Takeaways send Rams past Chiefs |url=https://www.sj-r.com/x2025179868/Takeaways-send-Rams-past-Chiefs |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=The State Journal-Register}}</ref> Ya tsira daga raguwar jerin sunayen karshe kuma ya shafe kakar a matsayin mai tsere.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 18, 2009 |title=Jackson among Rams to miss practice with illness |url=https://www.houstontexans.com/news/jackson-among-rams-to-miss-practice-with-illness-2665664 |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=[[Houston Texans]]}}</ref> === Tennessee Titans === A ranar '''17 ga Agusta, 2010''', Gado ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya da ƙungiyar '''Tennessee Titans'''. [1] An sake shi daga ƙungiyar a lokacin da ake yin '''zaɓen ƙarshe na ‘yan wasa''' a ranar '''4 ga Satumba, 2010'''. [2] === Kyaututtuka da girmamawa === A lokacin kakar farko ta Gado, an zaɓe shi a matsayin '''NFC Offensive Rookie of the Week''' a makonni na 10 da na 14. Haka kuma, an zaɓe shi a matsayin '''NFL Offensive Rookie of the Month''' na watan Nuwamba 2005. Ya kuma kafa tarihin ƙungiyar '''Green Bay Packers''' na mafi yawan yadin da rookie ya yi a guje a wasa guda, inda ya yi '''yadi 171''' a ranar '''11 ga Disamba, 2005'''. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Samkon Gado [[Kiristanci|Kirista]] ne.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Field Ministry |url=http://archives.fca.org/vsItemDisplay.lsp&objectID=7F2E6B42-7F5A-42D0-9BB955E62CF89249&method=display}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Former NFL Running Back Now a SLU Otolaryngology Resident |url=https://www.slu.edu/news/2017/february/former-nfl-player-now-slu-otolaryngology-resident.php}}</ref> Ya yi aure tare da 'ya'ya hudu.<ref name="GBPG" /> Ya sami digiri na farko a fannin inganta lafiyar jiki yayin da yake karatun digiri a Jami'ar Liberty . A shekara ta 2015, ya samu sakamako ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kudu Carolina . <ref name="ESPN" /> Bayan haka, ya shafe lokaci a matsayin babban mazaunin a shirin otolaryngology na asibitin Jami'ar Saint Louis, yana kula da marasa lafiya na [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]]. <ref name="ESPN" /> == Ayyukan bayan kwallon kafa == Samkon Gado, MD yanzu yana aiki a matsayin masanin ilimin ido (kunnuwa, hanci & makogwaro) a Lynchburg, VA.<ref>{{Cite web |last=HealthCare4PPL |title=Dr. Samkon K Gado - Otolaryngology, Lynchburg VA |url=https://www.healthcare4ppl.com/physician/virginia/lynchburg/samkon-k-gado-1497142145.html |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=www.healthcare4ppl.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya kafa wata kungiya mai zaman kanta tare da 'yar'uwarsa, Ruth, da ake kira The Jonah Inheritance, don inganta kiwon lafiya mai zaman kanta a Najeriya. == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] p2gal07go64pupy4xcfnuo1g0ibbfai 961598 961597 2026-10-01T22:00:20Z SaadatuAliyu5484 48956 /* Ayyukan sana'a */ 961598 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samkon Kaltho Gado''' (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 1982) masanin ilimin hawan jiki ne na Najeriya da Amurka. Ya kasance tsohon kwararren [[Kwallon ƙafa na Amurka|kwallon kafa]] wanda ke gudana a cikin Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Kasa (NFL) na Green Bay Packers, Houston Texans, Miami Dolphins, da St. Louis Rams . Ya buga wasan Kwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Liberty . Kansas City Chiefs ne suka sanya hannu a matsayin mai ba da kyauta a shekara ta 2005. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a Kufai, [[Gombe (jiha)|Jihar Gombe]], [[Najeriya]], sunansa na farko (Samkon) yana nufin "gaskiya" a cikin [[Harshen Tangale]], kuma sunansa na ƙarshe yana nufin "gadadi".<ref name="True" /> Iyalinsa sun ƙaura daga Kufai zuwa Wheaton, Illinois, lokacin da Gado ke da rabin shekara; mahaifinsa ya halarci Kwalejin Wheaton a wannan lokacin. Sun koma Najeriya lokacin da Samkon ke da shekaru biyu.<ref name="True">{{Cite web |last=Wilde |first=Jason |date=November 20, 2005 |title=Gado Stays True: RB Samkon Gado Has Remained Humble as His Career Has Surprisingly Taken Off |url=https://madison.com/sports/gado-stays-true-rb-samkon-gado-has-remained-humble-as/article_b53a4c48-2a65-5885-9e24-f38a15599b98.html |access-date=December 22, 2019 |website=[[Wisconsin State Journal]] |publisher=Capital Newspapers, Inc.}}</ref> Bayan ya koma Najeriya, mahaifinsa ya sake yin ƙaura a 1990 don samun digiri na biyu a fannin allahntaka a Jami'ar Columbia International. Wani coci a Kudancin Carolina ya ba da gudummawar kuɗi bayan shekara guda don Gado da mahaifiyarsa su iya tafiya zuwa Arewacin Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 5, 2006 |title=Samkon Gado Looks Forward To New Offensive Scheme |url=https://www.packers.com/news/samkon-gado-looks-forward-to-new-offensive-scheme-2451484 |access-date=April 11, 2020 |publisher=Green Bay Packers}}</ref> Ya halarci Makarantar Ben Lippen a Columbia, ta Kudu Carolina, kuma ya rubuta wasika a kwallon kafa, kwando da baseball, inda ya sami girmamawa a kwallon kafa.<ref name="Titans bio">{{Cite web |title=Samkon Gado |url=http://prod.static.titans.clubs.nfl.com/assets/docs/Gado_Samkon_bio.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207182112/http://prod.static.titans.clubs.nfl.com/assets/docs/Gado_Samkon_bio.pdf |archive-date=December 7, 2013 |access-date=April 11, 2020 |publisher=Tennessee Titans}}</ref> == Ayyukan kwaleji == Gado ya karɓi tallafin ƙwallon ƙafa daga Jami'ar Liberty, makarantar Division I-AA a Lynchburg, Virginia. Ya yi aiki mafi yawa a matsayin mai gudu na uku, ya fara wasanni biyu kawai a lokacin da yake tare da Flames.<ref name="ESPN">{{Cite web |last=Crossman |first=Matt |date=6 November 2017 |title=How ex-Packers phenom Samkon Gado became a doctor on a mission |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/21185965/how-samkon-gado-went-being-green-bay-packers-phenom-doctor-mission |access-date=December 22, 2019 |website=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Raunin da aka samu ga abokan aiki biyu, Eugene Goodman da Dr. Barnes, sun ga Gado ya sami mafi yawan lokacin wasa a matsayin babban jami'in bayan da ya fara shirin jan tufafi.<ref name="True" /> Ya shiga kungiyar All-Big South a ƙarshen kakar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 2, 2019 |title=Game On: Samkon Gado - Rushing to Help Others |url=https://www.liberty.edu/flames/index.cfm?PID=36963&newsID=22197 |access-date=May 11, 2020 |website=[[Liberty Flames football]]}}</ref> == Ayyukan sana'a == === Shugabannin Birnin Kansas === Bayan an sallami kanson Gado daga kansar city chiefs aranr 4 ga octoba,2005,yakoma Green Bay packers aranar 17 ga octoba 2005 inda yafara da practice squad.daga baya aka dagashi zuwa jerin babban danwasa saboda raunin wasu running backs awatan nuwanba 2005 Gado yayi fice sosai,inda yasamu yards 283 da touchdowns 5,kuma aka bashi lambar yabo ta NFL. === Green Bay Packers === A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 2005, Green Bay Packers ta sanya hannu kan Gado zuwa tawagar motsa jiki ta tawagar bayan ta yi tseren mita 40 na 4.43 a gaban 'yan kallo.<ref name="True" /> A ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba, an kara shi zuwa jerin sunayen masu aiki bayan Ahman Green ya fashe kwatangwalo, Najeh Davenport ya karya idonsa kuma Tony Fisher ya fashe haƙarƙarinsa na farko.<ref name="Good Gado">{{Cite web |last=Zizzo |first=Nick |date=December 12, 2005 |title=Good Gado: Rookie Record Samon Gado Runs For 171 Yards, Shattering the Packers' Single-Game Rookie Mark |url=https://madison.com/sports/good-gado-rookie-record-samkon-gado-runs-for-yards-shattering/article_637936d9-939b-58e1-9844-fcf2df9b23bb.html |access-date=December 22, 2019 |website=[[Wisconsin State Journal]]}}</ref> Ya fara wasan farko na NFL washegari a kan Cincinnati Bengals, inda ya yi rikodin daya don yadudduka takwas.<ref name="ESPN" /> A ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba, 2005, ReShard Lee ya yi kuskure a karo na biyu da ya yi da Pittsburgh Steelers kuma an ajiye shi a kan sauran wasan. A matsayin mai kula da Lee, Gado ya yi rajista sama da 20 yayin wasan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gash |first=Morry |date=November 12, 2005 |title=Samkon Gado will make his first pro start Sunday. |url=https://chippewa.com/sports/samkon-gado-will-make-his-first-pro-start-sunday/article_be8f637d-e125-5937-a82c-3a45ca92ed68.html |access-date=May 11, 2020 |website=Chippewa Herald}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, 2005, Gado ya fara wasan farko na NFL da Atlanta Falcons . A cikin wasan, ya yi sauri sama da yadudduka 100 da touchdowns biyu, kuma ya kama touchdown, wanda ya kai ga an kira shi NFC Offensive Rookie of the Week for Week 10. <ref name="Rookie Honor">{{Cite web |last=Huber |first=Bill |date=November 18, 2005 |title=Gado gets rookie honor |url=https://247sports.com/nfl/green-bay-packers/Article/Gado-gets-rookie-honor-104268631/ |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=247Sports}}</ref> Wasan Gado na uku-touchdown shine na farko da Packer rookie ya yi tun lokacin da James Lofton ya yi a shekarar 1978.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 15, 2005 |title=Samkon Gado Named NFC Offensive Player Of The Week; Barnett, Longwell Nominated |url=https://www.packers.com/news/samkon-gado-named-nfc-offensive-player-of-the-week-barnett-longwell-nomi-2457895 |access-date=May 11, 2020 |website=[[Green Bay Packers]]}}</ref> A cikin wasan mako na 14 da ya yi da Detroit Lions, ƙoƙarinsa na uku na 100-yadi na kakar, Gado ya yi sauri don yadudduka 171 a kan Detroit Lions. <ref name="ROTW">{{Cite web |date=December 14, 205 |title=Samkon Gado Selected As Rookie Of The Week |url=https://www.packers.com/news/samkon-gado-selected-as-rookie-of-the-week-2459529 |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=Green Bay Packers}}</ref> Rubuce-rubuce na rookie ga Packers, gami da gudu na 64-yadi, yayin da aka sake ba shi kyautar Rookie of the Week. Wani tsagewa na tsakiya na tsakiya, wanda ya sha wahala a ƙarshen kwata na farko a kan Baltimore Ravens a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, ya sauka Gado a kan raunin da ya ji rauni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 21, 2005 |title=Knee injury ends season for Packers rookie RB Gado |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/news/story?id=2267675 |access-date=March 25, 2005 |website=ESPN}}</ref> A shekara ta 2006, an kori Mike Sherman kuma an maye gurbinsa da Mike McCarthy a matsayin sabon kocin. A lokacin sansanin horo, Gado ya sami karamin rauni a gwiwa amma bai rasa lokaci mai mahimmanci ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Huber |first=Bill |date=August 17, 2006 |title=Training camp notes |url=https://247sports.com/nfl/green-bay-packers/Article/Training-camp-notes-104345002/ |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=247Sports}}</ref> Bayan rauni ga William Henderson, Gado ya sauya zuwa matsayi na wucin gadi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 20, 2006 |title=Training Camp Report: Rookie O-linemen Moll, Spitz To Open '06 Season As Starters |url=https://www.packers.com/news/training-camp-report-rookie-o-linemen-moll-spitz-to-open-06-season-as-st-2451142 |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=Green Bay Packers}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Satumba, 2006, bayan mako na farko na kakar wasa ta NFL, an sayar da Gado ga Houston Texans don musayar Vernand Morency.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Packers.com » News » Press Releases » September 13, 2006: Packers Acquire Morency from Texans for Gado |url=http://packers.com/news/releases/2006/09/13/1/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061017213951/http://www.packers.com/news/releases/2006/09/13/1/ |archive-date=2006-10-17 |access-date=2006-09-13}}</ref> === 'Yan kasar Houston === [[Fayil:Samkon_Gado_in_2006.jpg|right|thumb|261x261px|Gado a shekara ta 2006]] A shekara ta 2006, ya sake haduwa da tsohon kocin Packers Mike Sherman wanda ke horar da layin Texas. Ya kasance madadin Ron Dayne da Wali Lundy. A kan Jacksonville Jaguars a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2006, Gado ya dauki maɓallin kwado na huɗu don samun nasarar 13-10 Texans.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 26, 2012 |title=Texans stun Jaguars again 13-10 |url=http://www.nfl.com/news/story/09000d5d800581de/article/texans-stun-jaguars-again-1310 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325163218/http://www.nfl.com/news/story/09000d5d800581de/article/texans-stun-jaguars-again-1310 |archive-date=March 25, 2020 |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=NFL.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2007, Texans sun kara da wakilin kyauta mai gudu Ahman Green. Gado ya sanya tawagar a kan Lundy, yana wasa a wasanni uku a matsayin madadi, yayin da yake yin rajista da 18 don yadudduka 46 da kuma touchdown daya. A ranar 23 ga Oktoba, 2007, Texans sun saki Gado bayan sun inganta Adimchinobi Echemandu daga tawagar motsa jiki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 24, 2007 |title=Rams release guard after arrest for assaulting wife |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2007-10-24-0710240516-story.html |access-date=March 25, 2020 |website=Chicago Tribune}}</ref> === Dolphins na Miami === Ba da daɗewa ba kafin a saki Gado daga Houston, Miami Dolphins sun rasa farawa mai gudu Ronnie Brown zuwa ACL mai fashewa, kuma ƙungiyar daga baya ta yi ikirarin Gado a ƙarshen Oktoba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 26, 2007 |title=Dolphins Add RB Samkon Gado |url=https://football.realgm.com/wiretap/6241/Dolphins-Add-RB-Samkon-Gado |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=RealGM}}</ref> Kungiyar ta yanke shi don goyon bayan Ricky Williams a ranar 26 ga watan Nuwamba, amma bayan da Williams ya samu rauni a wannan rana, an sake sanya hannu kan Gado a cikin jerin sunayen masu aiki a ranar 28 ga watan Nuwambar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fialkov |first=Harvey |date=November 29, 2007 |title=Team's back(s) to square one |url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-2007-11-29-0711280430-story.html |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=South Florida Sun Sentinel}}</ref> Ya zira kwallaye biyu a watan Disamba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2007 |title=Grading the Dolphins |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/sports/nfl/miami-dolphins/article1928657.html |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=Miami Herald}}</ref> Gado, mai ƙuntataccen wakilin kyauta a cikin shekara ta 2008, ba a ba shi kwangila daga ƙungiyar ba. === St. Louis Rams === Gado ya sanya hannu ne daga St. Louis Rams a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, 2008, bayan an sanya masu karɓar Drew Bennett da Dante Hall a cikin ajiyar da suka ji rauni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 5, 2008 |title=Gado Signs Free Agent Contract with Rams |url=http://www.liberty.edu/flames/index.cfm?PID=36963&newsID=3191 |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=[[Liberty Flames football]]}}</ref> Bayan ya yi wasa a wasa daya kuma ya kasance maras aiki a wasa daya, an sake shi a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba.<ref name="Titans bio" /> Gado ya sake sanya hannu daga Rams don sansanin horo na 2009, inda ya sami rauni a haƙarƙari a wasan da ya yi da Kansas City Chiefs . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fallstrom |first=R.B. |date=September 4, 2009 |title=Takeaways send Rams past Chiefs |url=https://www.sj-r.com/x2025179868/Takeaways-send-Rams-past-Chiefs |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=The State Journal-Register}}</ref> Ya tsira daga raguwar jerin sunayen karshe kuma ya shafe kakar a matsayin mai tsere.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 18, 2009 |title=Jackson among Rams to miss practice with illness |url=https://www.houstontexans.com/news/jackson-among-rams-to-miss-practice-with-illness-2665664 |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=[[Houston Texans]]}}</ref> === Tennessee Titans === A ranar '''17 ga Agusta, 2010''', Gado ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya da ƙungiyar '''Tennessee Titans'''. [1] An sake shi daga ƙungiyar a lokacin da ake yin '''zaɓen ƙarshe na ‘yan wasa''' a ranar '''4 ga Satumba, 2010'''. [2] === Kyaututtuka da girmamawa === A lokacin kakar farko ta Gado, an zaɓe shi a matsayin '''NFC Offensive Rookie of the Week''' a makonni na 10 da na 14. Haka kuma, an zaɓe shi a matsayin '''NFL Offensive Rookie of the Month''' na watan Nuwamba 2005. Ya kuma kafa tarihin ƙungiyar '''Green Bay Packers''' na mafi yawan yadin da rookie ya yi a guje a wasa guda, inda ya yi '''yadi 171''' a ranar '''11 ga Disamba, 2005'''. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Samkon Gado [[Kiristanci|Kirista]] ne.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Field Ministry |url=http://archives.fca.org/vsItemDisplay.lsp&objectID=7F2E6B42-7F5A-42D0-9BB955E62CF89249&method=display}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Former NFL Running Back Now a SLU Otolaryngology Resident |url=https://www.slu.edu/news/2017/february/former-nfl-player-now-slu-otolaryngology-resident.php}}</ref> Ya yi aure tare da 'ya'ya hudu.<ref name="GBPG" /> Ya sami digiri na farko a fannin inganta lafiyar jiki yayin da yake karatun digiri a Jami'ar Liberty . A shekara ta 2015, ya samu sakamako ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Kudu Carolina . <ref name="ESPN" /> Bayan haka, ya shafe lokaci a matsayin babban mazaunin a shirin otolaryngology na asibitin Jami'ar Saint Louis, yana kula da marasa lafiya na [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]]. <ref name="ESPN" /> == Ayyukan bayan kwallon kafa == Samkon Gado, MD yanzu yana aiki a matsayin masanin ilimin ido (kunnuwa, hanci & makogwaro) a Lynchburg, VA.<ref>{{Cite web |last=HealthCare4PPL |title=Dr. Samkon K Gado - Otolaryngology, Lynchburg VA |url=https://www.healthcare4ppl.com/physician/virginia/lynchburg/samkon-k-gado-1497142145.html |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=www.healthcare4ppl.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya kafa wata kungiya mai zaman kanta tare da 'yar'uwarsa, Ruth, da ake kira The Jonah Inheritance, don inganta kiwon lafiya mai zaman kanta a Najeriya. == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] fzd6752jd9rvfk5tz4of8vfxacoaxy8 0 177801 961601 2026-10-01T22:09:14Z SaadatuAliyu5484 48956 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369595897|Religion in Gombe State]]" 961601 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Addini a [[Gombe (jiha)|Jihar Gombe]]''' ya ƙunshi ayyukan imani na addini na mutanen da ke zaune a Jihar Gombe, da kuma tarihin su. Dangane da kimantawa na 2015, yawan mutanen Jihar Gombe game da 65-70% [[Musulmi]] da 30-35% [[Kirista]] ba tare da lissafin ayyukan gargajiya ba, masu addinai, ko marassa addini.<ref name="Higazi-Lar article">{{Cite journal |last=Higazi |first=Adam |last2=Lar |first2=Jimam |date=February 2015 |title=Articulations of belonging: The politics of ethnic and religious pluralism in Bauchi and Gombe States, North-East Nigeria |url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/articulations-belonging-politics-ethnic-religious/docview/1647755004/se-2 |journal=Cambridge University Press |volume=85 |issue=1 |pages=103–130 |doi=10.1017/S0001972014000795 |url-access=subscription |access-date=18 September 2023 |quote=In Gombe State, the population is estimated to be about 65 per cent to 70 per cent Muslim and 30 per cent to 35 per cent Christian}}</ref> [[Shari'a]] tana da inganci ga yawan [[Musulmi]]. A fannin ƙasa, Musulmai sun fi yawa a yankunan arewa da na tsakiya na jihar yayin da yankin kudancin ya fi yawan Krista; duk da haka, akwai ƙananan Kiristoci na arewa da Musulmai na kudanci.(((Geographically, Muslims predominate in the northern and central regions of the state while the southern region is majority-Christian; however, there are sizeable minorities of northern Christians and southern Muslims. In terms of ethnicity, the [[:en:Bolewa_people|Bole]], [[:en:Fula_people|Fulani]], [[:en:Kanuri_people|Kanuri]], and [[:en:Hausa_people|Hausa]] peoples in the state are almost entirely Muslim while [[:en:Tangale_people|Tangale]], [[:en:Pero_language|Pero]], [[:en:Waja_people|Waja]] peoples are predominantly Christian. Groups like the)))) Dangane da kabilanci, mutanen [[Jama ar Bolewa|Bole]], [[Fulani]], [[Ƙabilar Kanuri|Kanuri]], da [[Hausawa|Hausa]] a cikin jihar kusan Musulmi ne yayin da [[Mutanen Tangale|Tangale]], Pero, [[Mutanen Waja|Waja]] galibi Krista ne. Ƙungiyoyi kamar Cham, [[Harshen Dadiya|Dadiya]], [[Harshen Jara|Jara]], [[Yaren Kamo|Kamo]], mutanen [[Yaren Terawa|Tera]] sun haɗu da addini yayin da kungiyoyin da ba 'yan asalin ƙasar ba kamar [[Inyamurai|Mutanen Igbo]] galibi Krista ne. A ƙarshen ƙarni na goma sha tara, an san Gombe a matsayin farkon rikice-rikicen addini a Arewacin Najeriya. Don magance da kuma rage wannan, [[Majalisar Koli ta Najeriya kan Harkokin Musulunci]] (NSCIA) da [[Kungiyar Kiristocin Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Kirista ta Najeriya]] (CAN) sun kafa wani taro da ake kira Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Najeriya (NIREC) a cikin 1999 don manufar magance batutuwan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tuduks |first=Oholiabs D. |title=Dysfunctional Exclusion Within Christian/Muslim Relationships in Gombe State, Nigeria: A Co-Pathic Approach |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/37437803.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210409233241/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/37437803.pdf |archive-date=9 April 2021 |access-date=7 July 2021 |publisher=Stellenbosch University}}</ref> A cikin karni na ashirin da daya, rikice-rikicen addini tsakanin Kiristoci da Musulmai sun ragu amma har yanzu a wasu lokuta suna tashi, musamman rikice-rikice game da aiwatar da Shari'a a cikin 2000 da 2001, kisan gillar [[Christianah Oluwatoyin Oluwasesin]] a cikin 2007, da kuma rikicin Mai Tangale na 2021 ban da rikice-rikice tsakanin [[Harkar Musulunci a Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Musulunci ta Najeriya]] da tilasta bin doka, hare-haren [[Boko Haram]] kan majami'u, da kuma tashin hankali na zabe na addini <ref>{{Cite web |title=Religious clash in Gombe State |url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/21558/nigeria-religious-clash-gombe-state |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=[[The New Humanitarian]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Banned Nigerian Shia group alleges police killed 12 marchers |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/9/10/banned-nigerian-shia-group-alleges-police-killed-12-marchers |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria church hit by deadly gun attack in Gombe |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-16436112 |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: New Wave of Violence Leaves 200 Dead |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2011/01/27/nigeria-new-wave-violence-leaves-200-dead |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == == Bayanan da aka ambata == 6tlg89jrcygpcajaak40is14wopfcbs 961603 961601 2026-10-01T22:12:17Z SaadatuAliyu5484 48956 961603 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Addini a [[Gombe (jiha)|Jihar Gombe]]''' ya ƙunshi ayyukan imani na addini na mutanen da ke zaune a Jihar Gombe, da kuma tarihin su. Dangane da kimantawa na 2015, yawan mutanen Jihar Gombe game da 65-70% [[Musulmi]] da 30-35% [[Kirista]] ba tare da lissafin ayyukan gargajiya ba, masu addinai, ko marassa addini.<ref name="Higazi-Lar article">{{Cite journal |last=Higazi |first=Adam |last2=Lar |first2=Jimam |date=February 2015 |title=Articulations of belonging: The politics of ethnic and religious pluralism in Bauchi and Gombe States, North-East Nigeria |url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/articulations-belonging-politics-ethnic-religious/docview/1647755004/se-2 |journal=Cambridge University Press |volume=85 |issue=1 |pages=103–130 |doi=10.1017/S0001972014000795 |url-access=subscription |access-date=18 September 2023 |quote=In Gombe State, the population is estimated to be about 65 per cent to 70 per cent Muslim and 30 per cent to 35 per cent Christian}}</ref> [[Shari'a]] tana da inganci ga yawan [[Musulmi]]. A fannin ƙasa, Musulmai sun fi yawa a yankunan arewa da na tsakiya na jihar yayin da yankin kudancin ya fi yawan Krista; duk da haka, akwai ƙananan Kiristoci na arewa da Musulmai a kudancin Dangane da kabilanci, mutanen [[Jama ar Bolewa|Bole]], [[Fulani]], [[Ƙabilar Kanuri|Kanuri]], da [[Hausawa|Hausa]] a cikin jihar kusan Musulmi ne yayin da [[Mutanen Tangale|Tangale]], Pero, [[Mutanen Waja|Waja]] galibi Krista ne. Ƙungiyoyi kamar Cham, [[Harshen Dadiya|Dadiya]], [[Harshen Jara|Jara]], [[Yaren Kamo|Kamo]], mutanen [[Yaren Terawa|Tera]] sun haɗu da addini yayin da kungiyoyin da ba 'yan asalin ƙasar ba kamar [[Inyamurai|Mutanen Igbo]] galibi Krista ne. A ƙarshen ƙarni na goma sha tara, an san Gombe a matsayin farkon rikice-rikicen addini a Arewacin Najeriya. Don magance da kuma rage wannan, [[Majalisar Koli ta Najeriya kan Harkokin Musulunci]] (NSCIA) da [[Kungiyar Kiristocin Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Kirista ta Najeriya]] (CAN) sun kafa wani taro da ake kira Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Najeriya (NIREC) a cikin 1999 don manufar magance batutuwan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tuduks |first=Oholiabs D. |title=Dysfunctional Exclusion Within Christian/Muslim Relationships in Gombe State, Nigeria: A Co-Pathic Approach |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/37437803.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210409233241/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/37437803.pdf |archive-date=9 April 2021 |access-date=7 July 2021 |publisher=Stellenbosch University}}</ref> A cikin karni na ashirin da daya, rikice-rikicen addini tsakanin Kiristoci da Musulmai sun ragu amma har yanzu a wasu lokuta suna tashi, musamman rikice-rikice game da aiwatar da Shari'a a cikin 2000 da 2001, kisan gillar [[Christianah Oluwatoyin Oluwasesin]] a cikin 2007, da kuma rikicin Mai Tangale na 2021 ban da rikice-rikice tsakanin [[Harkar Musulunci a Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Musulunci ta Najeriya]] da tilasta bin doka, hare-haren [[Boko Haram]] kan majami'u, da kuma tashin hankali na zabe na addini <ref>{{Cite web |title=Religious clash in Gombe State |url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/21558/nigeria-religious-clash-gombe-state |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=[[The New Humanitarian]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Banned Nigerian Shia group alleges police killed 12 marchers |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/9/10/banned-nigerian-shia-group-alleges-police-killed-12-marchers |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria church hit by deadly gun attack in Gombe |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-16436112 |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria: New Wave of Violence Leaves 200 Dead |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2011/01/27/nigeria-new-wave-violence-leaves-200-dead |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == == Bayanan da aka ambata == c22w82vm5p19emy75oj5vddj201rmh2 0 177802 961604 2026-10-01T22:21:29Z Uskeone 40867 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Mohammad Sani Isyaka | birth_date = 30 Agusta 1986 | birth_place = [[Gombe]], Najeriya | nationality = [[Najeriya]] | alma_mater = [[Jami'ar Abuja]]; [[Jami'ar Surrey]] | field = [[Chemistry|Kimiyyar sinadarai]] | work_institution = [[North-Eastern University]] | known_for = Bincike a Organic da Natural Products Chemistry | title = Farfesa | office = Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar North-Eastern University | term_start = }} '''Mohammad Sani Isyaka''' (an... 961604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Mohammad Sani Isyaka | birth_date = 30 Agusta 1986 | birth_place = [[Gombe]], Najeriya | nationality = [[Najeriya]] | alma_mater = [[Jami'ar Abuja]]; [[Jami'ar Surrey]] | field = [[Chemistry|Kimiyyar sinadarai]] | work_institution = [[North-Eastern University]] | known_for = Bincike a Organic da Natural Products Chemistry | title = Farfesa | office = Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar North-Eastern University | term_start = }} '''Mohammad Sani Isyaka''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 Agusta 1986) masani ne a fannin [[Chemistry|kimiyyar sinadarai]] ɗan Najeriya, mai bincike kuma malamin jami'a. Shi ne Mataimakin Shugaban [[North-Eastern University]] (NEU), Gombe. Fannin bincikensa ya fi karkata ga '''Organic Chemistry''' da '''Natural Products Chemistry'''. A ranar 1 Oktoba 2026, Majalisar Gudanarwar NEU ta amince da ɗaukaka shi zuwa matsayin Farfesa na Organic and Natural Products Chemistry.<ref>{{cite news |title=40-year-old becomes Gombe’s youngest professor |url=https://www.thestar.ng/40-year-old-becomes-gombes-youngest-professor/ |work=The Star Nigeria |date=30 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Mohammad Sani Isyaka a ranar 30 Agusta 1986 a [[Gombe]], Najeriya. Ya yi karatun digirinsa na farko a fannin [[Chemistry|Chemistry]] a [[Jami'ar Abuja]], inda ya kammala karatun B.Sc. a shekarar 2008. Daga baya ya sake samun digirin M.Sc. a Organic Chemistry daga wannan jami'a a shekarar 2012.<ref>{{cite news |title=40-year-old becomes Gombe’s youngest professor |url=https://www.thestar.ng/40-year-old-becomes-gombes-youngest-professor/ |work=The Star Nigeria |date=30 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Daga baya ya tafi [[Jami'ar Surrey]] da ke Guildford, Birtaniya, domin yin karatun digirin digirgir (PhD) a fannin Organic and Natural Products Chemistry. Ya kammala karatun a shekarar 2020. Takardun Jami'ar Surrey sun nuna cewa bincikensa ya mayar da hankali kan ilimin sinadarai na nau'in tsiron '''Croton''' na Afirka.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Chemistry of African Croton Species |url=https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/eu-st01.ext.exlibrisgroup.com/44SUR_INST/upload/1771834019319/THE%20CHEMISTRY%20OF%20AFRICAN%20CROTON%20SPECIES%20FINAL.pdf |publisher=[[University of Surrey]] |date=2020 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2022, sunansa ya bayyana cikin jerin waɗanda suka samu digirin Doctor of Philosophy daga Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences ta Jami'ar Surrey.<ref>{{cite web |title=Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences Graduation Programme |url=https://www.surrey.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2022-04/feps-graduation-programme.pdf |publisher=[[University of Surrey]] |date=29 April 2022 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Isyaka ya fara aikin koyarwa a matsayin Assistant Lecturer a [[Federal University of Kashere]] a shekarar 2012. Daga baya ya koma [[North-Eastern University]], Gombe, inda ya ci gaba da aikin koyarwa da bincike a Sashen Chemical Sciences.<ref>{{cite news |title=40-year-old becomes Gombe’s youngest professor |url=https://www.thestar.ng/40-year-old-becomes-gombes-youngest-professor/ |work=The Star Nigeria |date=30 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A NEU, ya riƙe mukamai daban-daban na gudanarwa da suka haɗa da Daraktan Academic Planning and Quality Assurance, Shugaban Senate Business Committee, da kuma Daraktan farko na Centre for African Medicinal Plants Research.<ref>{{cite news |title=40-year-old becomes Gombe’s youngest professor |url=https://www.thestar.ng/40-year-old-becomes-gombes-youngest-professor/ |work=The Star Nigeria |date=30 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Daga baya ya zama Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar (Deputy Vice-Chancellor) na North-Eastern University. A lokacin da ya samu wannan mukami, an bayyana shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin matasa mafi ƙanƙanta da suka taɓa riƙe irin wannan matsayi a Jihar Gombe.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEU DVC Becomes Gombe’s Youngest Professor At 40 |url=https://spotlightpost.com.ng/neu-dvc-becomes-gombes-youngest-professor-at-40/ |work=Spotlight Post |date=29 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Bincike == Babban fannin binciken Isyaka shi ne [[Organic chemistry|Organic Chemistry]] da [[Natural products|Natural Products Chemistry]]. Bincikensa ya haɗa da nazarin sinadarai da ake samu daga tsirrai, musamman nau'in '''Croton''' da ake samu a Afirka. A lokacin da yake Jami'ar Surrey, ya yi bincike kan sinadaran nau'in '''Croton mubango''', wanda ya samo asali daga yankunan Afirka ta Tsakiya. Binciken ya taimaka wajen gano diterpenoids da wasu sinadarai daga tsiron.<ref>{{cite web |title=Searching the African tropical rainforest for useful compounds: The chemistry of Congolese Croton mubango |url=https://www.surrey.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2018-06/doctoral-college-conference-programme-abstracts.pdf |publisher=[[University of Surrey]] |date=2018 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2020, Isyaka ya kasance cikin marubutan wani bincike da aka wallafa a mujallar ''Phytochemistry'' kan diterpenoids daga '''Croton haumanianus'''. Binciken ya gano wasu sinadarai da aka bayyana a matsayin waɗanda ba a taɓa bayyana su a baya ba, tare da gwada wasu daga cikinsu kan layukan ƙwayoyin cutar kansa a dakin gwaje-gwaje.<ref>{{cite web |title=Natural Products Group publications |url=https://www.surrey.ac.uk/people/dulcie-mulholland |publisher=[[University of Surrey]] |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2024, ya kasance babban marubuci a wani bincike kan '''Croton gratissimus''', inda aka ware sinadaran lupeol da crotocorylifuran daga sassan tsiron.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Lupeol and crotocorylifuran from Nigerian Croton gratissimus: Unlocking potent bioactive compounds |url=https://doi.org/10.58985/jeopc.2024.v02i03.57 |journal=Journal of Essential Oil & Plant Composition |date=15 December 2024 |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=163–170 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Ya kuma kasance cikin masu binciken wani aiki da ya shafi shirya da nazarin electrochemical oxidation na ferricyanide ta amfani da carbon paste electrode da aka gyara da titanium dioxide (TiO₂). An gabatar da binciken a taron kimiyya na MDPI a shekarar 2024.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Preparation and Electrochemical Oxidation of Ferricyanide Using Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with TiO2 |url=https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/105/1/152 |journal=Proceedings |date=28 May 2024 |volume=105 |issue=1 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Matsayin Farfesa == A watan Satumba 2026, Majalisar Gudanarwar North-Eastern University ta amince da ɗaukaka Isyaka zuwa matsayin '''Farfesa na Organic and Natural Products Chemistry'''. Naɗin ya fara aiki daga ranar 1 Oktoba 2026, bayan kammala tsarin tantance ƙwarewarsa na waje da kuma amincewar Majalisar Gudanarwar jami'ar.<ref>{{cite news |title=40-year-old becomes Gombe’s youngest professor |url=https://www.thestar.ng/40-year-old-becomes-gombes-youngest-professor/ |work=The Star Nigeria |date=30 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> Rahotannin da suka danganci wannan ɗaukaka sun bayyana cewa an ɗaukaka shi zuwa Farfesa yana da shekaru 40, kuma jami'ar ta bayyana shi a matsayin mafi ƙarancin shekaru tsakanin farfesoshin Jihar Gombe a lokacin sanarwar.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEU DVC Becomes Gombe’s Youngest Professor At 40 |url=https://spotlightpost.com.ng/neu-dvc-becomes-gombes-youngest-professor-at-40/ |work=Spotlight Post |date=29 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru == An shigar da Isyaka cikin jerin mambobin [[Chemical Society of Nigeria]] (CSN), inda aka lissafa shi a matsayin Fellow na ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Financial Update of Members in Third Quarter 2025/2026 |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/1071247156/Financial-Update-of-Members-in-Third-Quarter-2025-2026-at-the-End-of-Council-Meeting-on-11th-April-2026 |publisher=Chemical Society of Nigeria |date=2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2026, an kuma bayyana cewa an shigar da shi matsayin Fellow na Institute of Chartered Chemists of Nigeria saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga fannin kimiyyar sinadarai.<ref>{{cite news |title=40-year-old becomes Gombe’s youngest professor |url=https://www.thestar.ng/40-year-old-becomes-gombes-youngest-professor/ |work=The Star Nigeria |date=30 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == A shekarar 2020, Royal Society of Chemistry – Biological and Medicinal Chemistry Sector ta zaɓi Mohammed Sani Isyaka cikin waɗanda suka samu '''International Travel Prize'''. Kyautar an tsara ta ne domin tallafa wa matasa masu bincike wajen halartar tarukan kimiyya na ƙasa da ƙasa.<ref>{{cite web |title=The RSC-BMCS International Travel Prize 2020 |url=https://www.rscbmcs.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Travel-Prize-2020-winners.pdf |publisher=[[Royal Society of Chemistry]] |date=2020 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Wallafe-wallafe == Isyaka ya kasance marubuci ko mai haɗin gwiwa a wallafe-wallafen kimiyya da dama. Daga cikin binciken da aka danganta da shi akwai ayyukan da suka shafi diterpenoids, sinadaran tsirrai na magani, bioactive compounds da kuma electrochemical chemistry.<ref>{{cite web |title=Natural Products Group publications |url=https://www.surrey.ac.uk/people/dulcie-mulholland |publisher=[[University of Surrey]] |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=Lupeol and crotocorylifuran from Nigerian Croton gratissimus: Unlocking potent bioactive compounds |url=https://doi.org/10.58985/jeopc.2024.v02i03.57 |journal=Journal of Essential Oil & Plant Composition |date=15 December 2024 |access-date=1 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[North-Eastern University]] * [[Jami'ar Surrey]] * [[Jami'ar Abuja]] * [[Federal University of Kashere]] * [[Chemistry|Kimiyyar sinadarai]] * [[Organic chemistry]] * [[Natural products]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:1986 haihuwa]] [[Category:Masana kimiyyar Najeriya]] [[Category:Malaman jami'a na Najeriya]] [[Category:Masana kimiyyar sinadarai]] [[Category:Masana kimiyyar sinadarai na Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Jihar Gombe]] [[Category:Jami'ar Abuja]] [[Category:Jami'ar Surrey]] [[Category:Federal University of Kashere]] [[Category:North-Eastern University]] gfownwiqaagl0564dzgafy0s53v32xy 0 177803 961605 2026-10-01T22:30:40Z Baffa ali 47435 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372178513|Megan Amram]]" 961605 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Megan Amram''' (an haife ta a ranar 3 ga Satumba, 1987) marubuciya ce ta [[Barkwanci|wasan kwaikwayo]] ta Amurka, furodusa, kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo. An fi saninta da aikinta a matsayin marubuciya da furodusa don jerin shirye-shiryen NBC The Good Place . <ref name="imdb">{{IMDb name|1689290}}</ref> Amram ya halicce kuma ya fito a cikin jerin yanar gizo masu ban dariya, An [[Emmy Awards|Emmy]] for Megan, wanda ke nuna ƙoƙarin Amram don lashe Emmy. Amram marubuci ne a jerin Amazon Transparent, HBO's Silicon Valley, da kuma lokutan karshe uku na wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Parks and Recreation . Sauran kyaututtuka sun haɗa da rubuce-rubuce don Asibitin Yara na Adult Swim, Fox's The Simpsons, Comedy Central's Kroll Show, 83rd da 90th Academy Awards, 2012 MTV Movie Awards, Disney Channel da kuma ba da gudummawa ga Funny Or Die da Comedy Central Roasts. Rubutun ta ya bayyana a cikin The New Yorker, McSweeney's, Vulture, Vice Magazine da The Awl, da sauransu, da kuma littafinta na farko Science...Kimiyya...Domin Ita! Simon & Schuster ne suka buga shi a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2015 == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Amram kuma ta girma a [[Oregon]]" id="mwFQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon, kuma Bayahude ce.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2017 |title=How the Good Place Gets Its Weird, Magical Food |url=https://www.gq.com/story/good-food-on-the-good-place |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807134340/https://www.gq.com/story/good-food-on-the-good-place |archive-date=7 August 2020 |access-date=26 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2019 |title=Portland-Born Comedy Writer Megan Amram is (Literally) Dying to Win an Emmy Award. Could This Finally be Her Year? |url=https://www.wweek.com/arts/comedy/2019/09/10/portland-born-comedy-writer-megan-amram-is-literally-dying-to-win-an-emmy-award-could-this-finally-be-her-year/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809054029/https://www.wweek.com/arts/comedy/2019/09/10/portland-born-comedy-writer-megan-amram-is-literally-dying-to-win-an-emmy-award-could-this-finally-be-her-year/ |archive-date=2020-08-09 |access-date=2020-06-25 |website=Willamette Week |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Catlin Gabel da [[Jami'ar Harvard]] inda ta kammala a shekara ta 2010. <ref>{{Cite web |title=July 2015, Megan Amram '10 |url=https://www.harvardwood.org/mp201507 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712025918/https://www.harvardwood.org/mp201507 |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=11 June 2018 |website=Harvardwood}}</ref> Yayinda take Harvard, Amram ta rubuta biyu daga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na Hasty Pudding tare da abokin zama da kuma abokin rubutu Alexandra Petri . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pudding Caught Red-Handed with Plans for New Show {{!}} Arts {{!}} The Harvard Crimson |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2009/9/25/pudding-caught-red-handed-with-plans-for/ |access-date=2018-12-16 |website=www.thecrimson.com |language=en}}</ref> Ta yi karatun violin na tsawon shekaru ashirin, kuma ta bayyana a matsayin mai kunna violin a cikin wani labari na Oktoba 2018 na The Good Place, wani sitcom wanda ta kasance marubuciya.<ref name="Vulture18">{{Cite web |date=18 October 2018 |title=Megan Amram Wants to Win a Grammy After Her Good Place Cameo |url=https://www.vulture.com/2018/10/the-good-place-megan-amram-cameo.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121030348/https://www.vulture.com/2018/10/the-good-place-megan-amram-cameo.html |archive-date=21 November 2018 |access-date=20 November 2018 |website=[[Vulture (magazine)|Vulture]]}}</ref> == Ayyuka == . Amram a wasu lokuta ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo, tare da bayyanar 2011 a kan RuPaul's Drag U, da kuma jerin wasan kwaikwayo na CW Crazy Ex-Girlfriend a cikin wani labari mai taken "Ina Bukatar Wani Balance" a cikin Janairun 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shoemaker |first=Allison |date=January 11, 2018 |title=A perfect Crazy Ex-Girlfriend both disrupts and strikes a delicate balance |url=https://www.avclub.com/a-perfect-crazy-ex-girlfriend-both-disrupts-and-strikes-1831692053 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210531074531/https://www.avclub.com/a-perfect-crazy-ex-girlfriend-both-disrupts-and-strikes-1831692053 |archive-date=May 31, 2021 |access-date=January 12, 2018 |website=[[The A.V. Club]]}}</ref> A cikin 2018, Amram ta kirkiro, ta ba da umarni, ta rubuta, kuma ta fito a cikin jerin yanar gizo na wasan kwaikwayo, An Emmy for Megan, wanda ke nuna ƙoƙarin da take yi na lashe [[Emmy Awards|Kyautar Emmy]] ta hanyar saduwa da mafi ƙarancin ƙa'idodi don samun cancanta ga gabatarwa ta Emmy a cikin Kyakkyawan Actress a cikin Kadancin Comedy ko Drama Series category.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keeley |first=Pete |date=30 April 2018 |title='The Good Place' Writer Megan Amram on Her New Web Series 'An Emmy for Megan' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/megan-amram-good-place-writer-talks-an-emmy-megan-1107060 |access-date=11 June 2018 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> An zabi jerin farko don lambar yabo ta Emmy guda biyu, daya a cikin Kyakkyawan Kyakkyawar Kyakkyawa ko Kyakkyawashin Kyakkyawanda kuma daya a cikin Babban Actress a cikin Kayan Kyakkyautar Kyakkyawani ko Kyakyawar Kyakya don Amram. An saki jerin na biyu a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019 kuma an zabi shi don lambar yabo ta Emmy guda biyu: daya a cikin fitaccen 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin gajeren wasan kwaikwayo ko wasan kwaikwayo kuma daya, ga Patton Oswalt, a cikin fitacciyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayon a cikin gajerun wasan kwaikwayo ko jerin wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Megh |date=July 16, 2019 |title=Megan Amram's Emmy for Megan Gets Nominated for Some Emmys (Again) |url=https://www.vulture.com/2019/07/megan-amram-an-emmy-for-megan-2019-emmy-nomination.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716174035/https://www.vulture.com/2019/07/megan-amram-an-emmy-for-megan-2019-emmy-nomination.html |archive-date=July 16, 2019 |access-date=July 17, 2019 |website=[[Vulture.com]]}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Amram yana zaune a Los Angeles. A cikin 2019, Amram da sauran marubutan WGA sun kori wakilan su a matsayin wani ɓangare na matsayin WGA game da ATA da kuma aikin marufi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=13 April 2019 |title=Writers Share Signed Termination Letters As Mass Firing Of Agents Begins After WGA-ATA Talks Fail |url=https://deadline.com/2019/04/writers-form-letters-agencies-mass-firing-of-agents-begins-wga-ata-talks-fail-1202595219/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828053259/https://deadline.com/2019/04/writers-form-letters-agencies-mass-firing-of-agents-begins-wga-ata-talks-fail-1202595219/ |archive-date=28 August 2019 |access-date=15 April 2019 |publisher=Deadline}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2020, tweets sun sake fitowa game da Amram yana yin ba'a na anti-Semitic, homophobic, da kuma ba'a da aka yi wa Asiya ta Amurka. Amram daga baya ya nemi gafara a cikin wata sanarwa, yana cewa: "Ina magana daga zuciya kuma ina ƙoƙarin yin amfani da nadama ta gaskiya. Ina jin kunya sosai kuma na fi neman gafara fiye da yadda za ku taɓa sani".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=June 18, 2020 |title='The Good Place' Producer Megan Amram Apologizes For Past Racist Tweets |url=https://deadline.com/2020/06/the-good-place-producer-megan-amram-apologizes-racist-weets-1202962549 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620232051/https://deadline.com/2020/06/the-good-place-producer-megan-amram-apologizes-racist-weets-1202962549/ |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |access-date=June 28, 2021 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Marubuci !Mai gabatarwa !Mai wasan kwaikwayo ! class="unsortable" |Bayani |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Kyautar Kwalejin ta 83''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} | |- |''RuPaul ya ja U''| {{No}}| {{No}}| {{Yes}} |Fim: "Kamar Budurwa" a matsayin mai hamayya Smokey St. James (Episode Winner) |- |2011–2012 |''A.N.T. Gona''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} |Marubuci - 1 episode Ma'aikacin marubuci - 6 episodes<br /> |- |2012 |''Kyautar Fim ta MTV ta 2012''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} | |- |2012–2015 |''Gidajen shakatawa da Nishaɗi''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{Yes}} |Marubuci - 5 episodes Actor - Episode: "The Cones na Dunshire" kamar Viv<br /> |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''Kroll Show''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} |Abubuwa 8 |- |''Tsarin zane''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} |Fim: "Kaddamar da Haihuwar a Ƙasa" |- | rowspan="2" |2015–2016 |''Asibitin Yara''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} |Abubuwa 3 |- |''Labaran OG Sherlock Kush''| {{No}}| {{No}}| {{Yes}} |Fim: "The Deadly Brothel" a matsayin Jaclyn Ripper Fim: ""The Mystery of the Royal Flasher" a matsayin Sarauniya<br /> |- |2016 |''Silicon Valley''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes}}| {{No}} |Marubuci - Fim: "The Empty Chair"Co-producer - 10 episodes<br /> |- |2016–2020 |''Wuri Mai Kyau''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes}}| {{Yes}} |Mai gabatarwa - 13 aukuwa Mai gabatira - 12 aukuwa Marubuta - 7 aukuwa Actor - Episode: "Jeremy Bearimy" a matsayin Violinist<br /><br /><br /> |- |2018 |''Kyautar Kwalejin ta 90''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} | |- |2018–2019 |''Emmy ga Megan''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes|Executive}}| {{Yes}} |MahalicciDirector - Abubuwa 12<br /> |- |2018-2022 |''[[The Simpsons|Simpsons]]''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes|Consulting}}| {{No}} |Marubuci - Abubuwan da suka faru: "Bart vs. Itchy &amp;amp; Scratchy", "Crystal Blue-Haired Persuasion" da kuma "Marge the Meanie"Mai ba da shawara - Abubuwa 17<br /> |- |2019 |''Tsohon Yarinya mai banƙyama''| {{No}}| {{No}}| {{Yes}} |Fim: "Ina Bukatar Daidaitawa" a matsayin Nostalgia Cat |- |2020 |''Gidan shakatawa da Wasanni na Musamman''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2021 |''Q-Dakarda''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes|Consulting}}| {{No}} |Marubuci - Fim: "Deb's BBQ" |- |''Santa Inc.''| {{No}}| {{No}}| {{Yes}} |Fim: "Ranar haihuwar Santa" a matsayin Heartbreaking Lisp / ER Nurse / Gummy Mermaids |- |2022 |''Pitch Perfect: Bumper a Berlin''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes|Executive}}| {{No}} |Mawallafin Mai haɓaka - Fim: "Backpfeifengesicht"<br /> |- |2024-2025 |''Mutum a Cikin Gida''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes|Consulting}}| {{Yes}} |Actress - Episode: "Tinker Tailor Older Spy" a matsayin Jessica LadyWriter - Episode: ""Spirit Week"<br /> |- |2024 |''Kirsimeti mara hankali tare da Sabrina Carpenter''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} | |- |2025 |''Fuskar Poker''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} |Fim: "The Sleazy Georgian" |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Haɗin kai !Sashe !Ayyukan da aka zaba !Sakamakon !{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- |2013 | rowspan="2" |Kyautar Marubuta ta Guild of America | rowspan="2" |Jerin wasan kwaikwayo | rowspan="2" |''Gidajen shakatawa da Nishaɗi''| {{Nom}} | |- |2014| {{Nom}} | |- |2016 | rowspan="2" |Kyautar Marubuta ta Guild of America | rowspan="2" |Jerin wasan kwaikwayo |''Silicon Valley''| {{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="3" |2018 |''Wuri Mai Kyau''| {{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |Kyautar Emmy ta farko |Kyakkyawan gajeren Comedy ko Drama Series | rowspan="2" |''Emmy ga Megan''| {{Nom}} | |- |Fitacciyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin gajeren wasan kwaikwayo ko wasan kwaikwayo| {{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="5" |2019 |Kyautar Golden Globe |Mafi kyawun jerin Talabijin - Musical ko Comedy | rowspan="3" |''Wuri Mai Kyau''| {{Nom}} | |- |Kyautar Hugo |Kyautar Hugo don Mafi kyawun Gabatarwa| {{Nom}} | |- |Kyautar Derby ta Zinariya |Kyakkyawan Shirye-shiryen Comedy| {{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="3" |Kyautar Emmy ta farko |Kyakkyawan gajeren Comedy ko Drama Series |''Emmy ga Megan''| {{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |Kyakkyawan Shirye-shiryen Comedy | rowspan="2" |''Wuri Mai Kyau''| {{Nom}} | |- |2020| {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Megan Amram |url=https://www.emmys.com/bios/megan-amram |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922221238/https://www.emmys.com/bios/megan-amram |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |access-date=August 13, 2020 |publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences}}</ref> |} == Bayanan littattafai == * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |date=November 7, 2016 |title=Trump's American Girl Dolls |url=https://www.newyorker.com/journal/2016/11/07/trumps-american-girl-dolls <!--|access-date=2017-04-21--> |department=Shouts & Murmurs |journal=The New Yorker |volume=92 |issue=36 |pages=27}} * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |author-mask=1 |date=May 25, 2017 |title=Eulogy for America |url=https://www.newyorker.com/humor/daily-shouts/eulogy-for-america <!--|access-date=2018-05-26--> |department=Daily Shouts |journal=The New Yorker}} * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |author-mask=1 |date=September 11, 2017 |title=Jared Kushner's Harvard Admissions Essay |url=https://www.newyorker.com/journal/2017/09/11/jared-kushners-harvard-admissions-essay <!--|access-date=2018-05-26--> |department=Shouts & Murmurs |journal=The New Yorker}} * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |author-mask=1 |date=April 30, 2018 |title=Captain's Log |url=https://www.newyorker.com/journal/2018/04/30/captains-log <!--|access-date=2018-05-26--> |department=Shouts & Murmurs |journal=The New Yorker}} * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |author-mask=1 |date=November 2, 2020 |title=Goop Coronavirus Guide |url=https://www.newyorker.com/journal/2020/11/02/goop-coronavirus-guide <!--|access-date=2021-05-09--> |department=Shouts & Murmurs |journal=The New Yorker}} * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |author-mask=1 |date=August 22, 2022 |title=The Tesla Body |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/08/22/elon-musks-new-frontier-your-body <!--|access-date=2023-08-28--> |department=Shouts & Murmurs |journal=The New Yorker |volume=98 |issue=25 |pages=23}} == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * {{Twitter}} * {{IMDb name|1689290}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] 0v146x5ajoylhifdae79ypbj5g9iuzd 961607 961605 2026-10-01T22:31:52Z Baffa ali 47435 961607 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Megan Amram''' (an haife ta a ranar 3 ga Satumba, 1987) marubuciya ce ta [[Barkwanci|wasan kwaikwayo]] ta Amurka, furodusa, kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo. An fi saninta da aikinta a matsayin marubuciya da furodusa don jerin shirye-shiryen NBC The Good Place . <ref name="imdb">{{IMDb name|1689290}}</ref> Amram ya halicce kuma ya fito a cikin jerin yanar gizo masu ban dariya, An [[Emmy Awards|Emmy]] for Megan, wanda ke nuna ƙoƙarin Amram don lashe Emmy. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Amram kuma ta girma a [[Oregon]]" id="mwFQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon, kuma Bayahude ce.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2017 |title=How the Good Place Gets Its Weird, Magical Food |url=https://www.gq.com/story/good-food-on-the-good-place |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807134340/https://www.gq.com/story/good-food-on-the-good-place |archive-date=7 August 2020 |access-date=26 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2019 |title=Portland-Born Comedy Writer Megan Amram is (Literally) Dying to Win an Emmy Award. Could This Finally be Her Year? |url=https://www.wweek.com/arts/comedy/2019/09/10/portland-born-comedy-writer-megan-amram-is-literally-dying-to-win-an-emmy-award-could-this-finally-be-her-year/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809054029/https://www.wweek.com/arts/comedy/2019/09/10/portland-born-comedy-writer-megan-amram-is-literally-dying-to-win-an-emmy-award-could-this-finally-be-her-year/ |archive-date=2020-08-09 |access-date=2020-06-25 |website=Willamette Week |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Catlin Gabel da [[Jami'ar Harvard]] inda ta kammala a shekara ta 2010. <ref>{{Cite web |title=July 2015, Megan Amram '10 |url=https://www.harvardwood.org/mp201507 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712025918/https://www.harvardwood.org/mp201507 |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=11 June 2018 |website=Harvardwood}}</ref> Yayinda take Harvard, Amram ta rubuta biyu daga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na Hasty Pudding tare da abokin zama da kuma abokin rubutu Alexandra Petri . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pudding Caught Red-Handed with Plans for New Show {{!}} Arts {{!}} The Harvard Crimson |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2009/9/25/pudding-caught-red-handed-with-plans-for/ |access-date=2018-12-16 |website=www.thecrimson.com |language=en}}</ref> Ta yi karatun violin na tsawon shekaru ashirin, kuma ta bayyana a matsayin mai kunna violin a cikin wani labari na Oktoba 2018 na The Good Place, wani sitcom wanda ta kasance marubuciya.<ref name="Vulture18">{{Cite web |date=18 October 2018 |title=Megan Amram Wants to Win a Grammy After Her Good Place Cameo |url=https://www.vulture.com/2018/10/the-good-place-megan-amram-cameo.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121030348/https://www.vulture.com/2018/10/the-good-place-megan-amram-cameo.html |archive-date=21 November 2018 |access-date=20 November 2018 |website=[[Vulture (magazine)|Vulture]]}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Amram marubuci ne a jerin Amazon Transparent, HBO's Silicon Valley, da kuma lokutan karshe uku na wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Parks and Recreation . Sauran kyaututtuka sun haɗa da rubuce-rubuce don Asibitin Yara na Adult Swim, Fox's The Simpsons, Comedy Central's Kroll Show, 83rd da 90th Academy Awards, 2012 MTV Movie Awards, Disney Channel da kuma ba da gudummawa ga Funny Or Die da Comedy Central Roasts. Rubutun ta ya bayyana a cikin The New Yorker, McSweeney's, Vulture, Vice Magazine da The Awl, da sauransu, da kuma littafinta na farko Science...Kimiyya...Domin Ita! Simon & Schuster ne suka buga shi a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2015 Amram a wasu lokuta ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo, tare da bayyanar 2011 a kan RuPaul's Drag U, da kuma jerin wasan kwaikwayo na CW Crazy Ex-Girlfriend a cikin wani labari mai taken "Ina Bukatar Wani Balance" a cikin Janairun 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shoemaker |first=Allison |date=January 11, 2018 |title=A perfect Crazy Ex-Girlfriend both disrupts and strikes a delicate balance |url=https://www.avclub.com/a-perfect-crazy-ex-girlfriend-both-disrupts-and-strikes-1831692053 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210531074531/https://www.avclub.com/a-perfect-crazy-ex-girlfriend-both-disrupts-and-strikes-1831692053 |archive-date=May 31, 2021 |access-date=January 12, 2018 |website=[[The A.V. Club]]}}</ref> A cikin 2018, Amram ta kirkiro, ta ba da umarni, ta rubuta, kuma ta fito a cikin jerin yanar gizo na wasan kwaikwayo, An Emmy for Megan, wanda ke nuna ƙoƙarin da take yi na lashe [[Emmy Awards|Kyautar Emmy]] ta hanyar saduwa da mafi ƙarancin ƙa'idodi don samun cancanta ga gabatarwa ta Emmy a cikin Kyakkyawan Actress a cikin Kadancin Comedy ko Drama Series category.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keeley |first=Pete |date=30 April 2018 |title='The Good Place' Writer Megan Amram on Her New Web Series 'An Emmy for Megan' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/megan-amram-good-place-writer-talks-an-emmy-megan-1107060 |access-date=11 June 2018 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> An zabi jerin farko don lambar yabo ta Emmy guda biyu, daya a cikin Kyakkyawan Kyakkyawar Kyakkyawa ko Kyakkyawashin Kyakkyawanda kuma daya a cikin Babban Actress a cikin Kayan Kyakkyautar Kyakkyawani ko Kyakyawar Kyakya don Amram. An saki jerin na biyu a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019 kuma an zabi shi don lambar yabo ta Emmy guda biyu: daya a cikin fitaccen 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin gajeren wasan kwaikwayo ko wasan kwaikwayo kuma daya, ga Patton Oswalt, a cikin fitacciyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayon a cikin gajerun wasan kwaikwayo ko jerin wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Megh |date=July 16, 2019 |title=Megan Amram's Emmy for Megan Gets Nominated for Some Emmys (Again) |url=https://www.vulture.com/2019/07/megan-amram-an-emmy-for-megan-2019-emmy-nomination.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716174035/https://www.vulture.com/2019/07/megan-amram-an-emmy-for-megan-2019-emmy-nomination.html |archive-date=July 16, 2019 |access-date=July 17, 2019 |website=[[Vulture.com]]}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Amram yana zaune a Los Angeles. A cikin 2019, Amram da sauran marubutan WGA sun kori wakilan su a matsayin wani ɓangare na matsayin WGA game da ATA da kuma aikin marufi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=13 April 2019 |title=Writers Share Signed Termination Letters As Mass Firing Of Agents Begins After WGA-ATA Talks Fail |url=https://deadline.com/2019/04/writers-form-letters-agencies-mass-firing-of-agents-begins-wga-ata-talks-fail-1202595219/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828053259/https://deadline.com/2019/04/writers-form-letters-agencies-mass-firing-of-agents-begins-wga-ata-talks-fail-1202595219/ |archive-date=28 August 2019 |access-date=15 April 2019 |publisher=Deadline}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2020, tweets sun sake fitowa game da Amram yana yin ba'a na anti-Semitic, homophobic, da kuma ba'a da aka yi wa Asiya ta Amurka. Amram daga baya ya nemi gafara a cikin wata sanarwa, yana cewa: "Ina magana daga zuciya kuma ina ƙoƙarin yin amfani da nadama ta gaskiya. Ina jin kunya sosai kuma na fi neman gafara fiye da yadda za ku taɓa sani".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=June 18, 2020 |title='The Good Place' Producer Megan Amram Apologizes For Past Racist Tweets |url=https://deadline.com/2020/06/the-good-place-producer-megan-amram-apologizes-racist-weets-1202962549 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620232051/https://deadline.com/2020/06/the-good-place-producer-megan-amram-apologizes-racist-weets-1202962549/ |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |access-date=June 28, 2021 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Taken !Marubuci !Mai gabatarwa !Mai wasan kwaikwayo ! class="unsortable" |Bayani |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Kyautar Kwalejin ta 83''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} | |- |''RuPaul ya ja U''| {{No}}| {{No}}| {{Yes}} |Fim: "Kamar Budurwa" a matsayin mai hamayya Smokey St. James (Episode Winner) |- |2011–2012 |''A.N.T. Gona''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} |Marubuci - 1 episode Ma'aikacin marubuci - 6 episodes<br /> |- |2012 |''Kyautar Fim ta MTV ta 2012''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} | |- |2012–2015 |''Gidajen shakatawa da Nishaɗi''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{Yes}} |Marubuci - 5 episodes Actor - Episode: "The Cones na Dunshire" kamar Viv<br /> |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''Kroll Show''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} |Abubuwa 8 |- |''Tsarin zane''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} |Fim: "Kaddamar da Haihuwar a Ƙasa" |- | rowspan="2" |2015–2016 |''Asibitin Yara''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} |Abubuwa 3 |- |''Labaran OG Sherlock Kush''| {{No}}| {{No}}| {{Yes}} |Fim: "The Deadly Brothel" a matsayin Jaclyn Ripper Fim: ""The Mystery of the Royal Flasher" a matsayin Sarauniya<br /> |- |2016 |''Silicon Valley''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes}}| {{No}} |Marubuci - Fim: "The Empty Chair"Co-producer - 10 episodes<br /> |- |2016–2020 |''Wuri Mai Kyau''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes}}| {{Yes}} |Mai gabatarwa - 13 aukuwa Mai gabatira - 12 aukuwa Marubuta - 7 aukuwa Actor - Episode: "Jeremy Bearimy" a matsayin Violinist<br /><br /><br /> |- |2018 |''Kyautar Kwalejin ta 90''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} | |- |2018–2019 |''Emmy ga Megan''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes|Executive}}| {{Yes}} |MahalicciDirector - Abubuwa 12<br /> |- |2018-2022 |''[[The Simpsons|Simpsons]]''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes|Consulting}}| {{No}} |Marubuci - Abubuwan da suka faru: "Bart vs. Itchy &amp;amp; Scratchy", "Crystal Blue-Haired Persuasion" da kuma "Marge the Meanie"Mai ba da shawara - Abubuwa 17<br /> |- |2019 |''Tsohon Yarinya mai banƙyama''| {{No}}| {{No}}| {{Yes}} |Fim: "Ina Bukatar Daidaitawa" a matsayin Nostalgia Cat |- |2020 |''Gidan shakatawa da Wasanni na Musamman''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2021 |''Q-Dakarda''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes|Consulting}}| {{No}} |Marubuci - Fim: "Deb's BBQ" |- |''Santa Inc.''| {{No}}| {{No}}| {{Yes}} |Fim: "Ranar haihuwar Santa" a matsayin Heartbreaking Lisp / ER Nurse / Gummy Mermaids |- |2022 |''Pitch Perfect: Bumper a Berlin''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes|Executive}}| {{No}} |Mawallafin Mai haɓaka - Fim: "Backpfeifengesicht"<br /> |- |2024-2025 |''Mutum a Cikin Gida''| {{Yes}}| {{Yes|Consulting}}| {{Yes}} |Actress - Episode: "Tinker Tailor Older Spy" a matsayin Jessica LadyWriter - Episode: ""Spirit Week"<br /> |- |2024 |''Kirsimeti mara hankali tare da Sabrina Carpenter''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} | |- |2025 |''Fuskar Poker''| {{Yes}}| {{No}}| {{No}} |Fim: "The Sleazy Georgian" |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Haɗin kai !Sashe !Ayyukan da aka zaba !Sakamakon !{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- |2013 | rowspan="2" |Kyautar Marubuta ta Guild of America | rowspan="2" |Jerin wasan kwaikwayo | rowspan="2" |''Gidajen shakatawa da Nishaɗi''| {{Nom}} | |- |2014| {{Nom}} | |- |2016 | rowspan="2" |Kyautar Marubuta ta Guild of America | rowspan="2" |Jerin wasan kwaikwayo |''Silicon Valley''| {{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="3" |2018 |''Wuri Mai Kyau''| {{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |Kyautar Emmy ta farko |Kyakkyawan gajeren Comedy ko Drama Series | rowspan="2" |''Emmy ga Megan''| {{Nom}} | |- |Fitacciyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin gajeren wasan kwaikwayo ko wasan kwaikwayo| {{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="5" |2019 |Kyautar Golden Globe |Mafi kyawun jerin Talabijin - Musical ko Comedy | rowspan="3" |''Wuri Mai Kyau''| {{Nom}} | |- |Kyautar Hugo |Kyautar Hugo don Mafi kyawun Gabatarwa| {{Nom}} | |- |Kyautar Derby ta Zinariya |Kyakkyawan Shirye-shiryen Comedy| {{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="3" |Kyautar Emmy ta farko |Kyakkyawan gajeren Comedy ko Drama Series |''Emmy ga Megan''| {{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |Kyakkyawan Shirye-shiryen Comedy | rowspan="2" |''Wuri Mai Kyau''| {{Nom}} | |- |2020| {{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Megan Amram |url=https://www.emmys.com/bios/megan-amram |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922221238/https://www.emmys.com/bios/megan-amram |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |access-date=August 13, 2020 |publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences}}</ref> |} == Bayanan littattafai == * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |date=November 7, 2016 |title=Trump's American Girl Dolls |url=https://www.newyorker.com/journal/2016/11/07/trumps-american-girl-dolls <!--|access-date=2017-04-21--> |department=Shouts & Murmurs |journal=The New Yorker |volume=92 |issue=36 |pages=27}} * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |author-mask=1 |date=May 25, 2017 |title=Eulogy for America |url=https://www.newyorker.com/humor/daily-shouts/eulogy-for-america <!--|access-date=2018-05-26--> |department=Daily Shouts |journal=The New Yorker}} * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |author-mask=1 |date=September 11, 2017 |title=Jared Kushner's Harvard Admissions Essay |url=https://www.newyorker.com/journal/2017/09/11/jared-kushners-harvard-admissions-essay <!--|access-date=2018-05-26--> |department=Shouts & Murmurs |journal=The New Yorker}} * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |author-mask=1 |date=April 30, 2018 |title=Captain's Log |url=https://www.newyorker.com/journal/2018/04/30/captains-log <!--|access-date=2018-05-26--> |department=Shouts & Murmurs |journal=The New Yorker}} * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |author-mask=1 |date=November 2, 2020 |title=Goop Coronavirus Guide |url=https://www.newyorker.com/journal/2020/11/02/goop-coronavirus-guide <!--|access-date=2021-05-09--> |department=Shouts & Murmurs |journal=The New Yorker}} * {{Cite journal |last=Amram, Megan |author-mask=1 |date=August 22, 2022 |title=The Tesla Body |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/08/22/elon-musks-new-frontier-your-body <!--|access-date=2023-08-28--> |department=Shouts & Murmurs |journal=The New Yorker |volume=98 |issue=25 |pages=23}} == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * {{Twitter}} * {{IMDb name|1689290}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1987]] k50uldxstgwntlwgpug5nr8f3203cge 0 177804 961606 2026-10-01T22:31:10Z Uskeone 40867 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Mukhtar Sani Saulawa | birth_date = | birth_place = [[Gombe]], Najeriya | nationality = [[Najeriya]] | education = [[Aligarh Muslim University]]; [[Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic]] | occupation = Dan jarida; mai samar da abun cikin kafofin yaɗa labarai | employer = [[North-Eastern University]] | known_for = Ayyukan hulɗa da jama'a da sadarwa a jami'a | title = Public Relations Officer }} '''Mukhtar Sani Saulawa''' ɗan Najeriya ne mai aikin jarida... 961606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Mukhtar Sani Saulawa | birth_date = | birth_place = [[Gombe]], Najeriya | nationality = [[Najeriya]] | education = [[Aligarh Muslim University]]; [[Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic]] | occupation = Dan jarida; mai samar da abun cikin kafofin yaɗa labarai | employer = [[North-Eastern University]] | known_for = Ayyukan hulɗa da jama'a da sadarwa a jami'a | title = Public Relations Officer }} '''Mukhtar Sani Saulawa''' ɗan Najeriya ne mai aikin jarida, samar da abun cikin kafofin yaɗa labarai da hulɗar jama'a. Shi ma'aikacin sadarwa ne a [[North-Eastern University]] (NEU), Gombe, inda aka bayyana shi a matsayin '''Public Relations Officer''' na jami'ar a shekarar 2026.<ref>{{cite news |title=North-Eastern University Gombe announces up to 65% salary increase for staff |url=https://guardian.ng/education/north-eastern-university-gombe-announces-up-to-65-salary-increase-for-staff/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=1 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> == Rayuwa da ilimi == Ba a samu isassun majiyoyi masu zaman kansu da suka tabbatar da cikakkiyar ranar haihuwarsa da wurin haihuwarsa ba. Saboda haka, ba a ƙara ranar haihuwa a cikin infobox domin kauce wa bayanan da ba a tabbatar da su ba. Bayanan iliminsa da aka wallafa sun nuna cewa ya yi karatun '''National Diploma (ND) a Mass Communication''' a [[Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic]] daga 2017 zuwa 2019. Daga baya ya yi karatun '''B.A. (Hons) Political Science''' a [[Aligarh Muslim University]], Indiya, daga 2022 zuwa 2025.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mukhtar Sani Saulawa |url=https://www.twine.net/Msani |website=Twine |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> Sunansa kuma ya bayyana a cikin takardar ɗaliban [[Aligarh Muslim University]] a cikin shirin karatun Political Science, inda aka lissafa shi da lambar ɗalibi DAD0394.<ref>{{cite web |title=Centre for Distance and Online Education |url=https://www.amuonline.in/pdf/ba-I-learn-ii-sem-july22.pdf |publisher=[[Aligarh Muslim University]] |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> == Aikin jarida da kafofin yaɗa labarai == Saulawa ya yi aiki a fannin samar da abun cikin kafofin yaɗa labarai, gyaran bidiyo da aikin jarida. Bayanan ƙwararrunsa sun bayyana shi a matsayin mai samar da abun ciki, mai gyaran bidiyo da mai gudanar da kafofin sada zumunta.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mukhtar Sani Saulawa's portfolio |url=https://www.twine.net/Msani |website=Twine |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> Daga shekarar 2019, ya kasance mai gabatar da labarai, mai shirya shirye-shirye da mai gyaran bidiyo a '''Radio Nigeria – Jewel FM'''. An bayyana cewa yana shirya da gabatar da labaran Hausa da kuma sauya wasu shirye-shiryen rediyo zuwa abun cikin kafofin sada zumunta.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mukhtar Sani Saulawa's portfolio |url=https://www.twine.net/Msani |website=Twine |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> Ya kuma kafa '''Barewa Radio''', wani gidan rediyo na intanet, inda ya kasance Founder da Station Manager. Haka kuma ya kafa '''The Daily Fact''', wani dandalin labarai mai zaman kansa, inda ya kasance Founder kuma Editor-in-Chief.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mukhtar Sani Saulawa's portfolio |url=https://www.twine.net/Msani |website=Twine |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> == Aikin sadarwa a jami'a == Saulawa ya fara aiki a [[North-Eastern University]] a matsayin mai samar da hotuna da bidiyo da kuma abun cikin kafofin sada zumunta. Daga baya ya riƙe aikin '''Assistant Information Officer & Video Content Producer'''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mukhtar Sani Saulawa |url=https://www.twine.net/Msani |website=Twine |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> A cikin aikinsa a jami'ar, ya shiga samar da sanarwar jami'a, labaran ayyukan jami'a, bidiyoyi da sauran abubuwan sadarwa da ake yaɗawa ta kafofin sada zumunta. A shekarar 2026, majiyoyin jaridu sun bayyana Saulawa a matsayin '''Public Relations Officer (PRO) na North-Eastern University, Gombe'''.<ref>{{cite news |title=North-Eastern University Gombe announces up to 65% salary increase for staff |url=https://guardian.ng/education/north-eastern-university-gombe-announces-up-to-65-salary-increase-for-staff/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=1 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> == Aikin hulɗa da jama'a a NEU == A matsayinsa na PRO na NEU, Saulawa ya kasance mai sanya hannu kan sanarwar jami'ar da ake aikawa kafafen yaɗa labarai. A ranar 1 Satumba 2026, ya sanya hannu kan sanarwar da ta bayyana cewa [[North-Eastern University]] ta amince da ƙarin albashi tsakanin kashi 40 zuwa 65 cikin 100 ga ma'aikatanta. Sanarwar ta kuma bayyana cewa wannan shi ne ƙarin albashi na uku da jami'ar ta aiwatar cikin shekaru uku.<ref>{{cite news |title=North-Eastern University Gombe announces up to 65% salary increase for staff |url=https://guardian.ng/education/north-eastern-university-gombe-announces-up-to-65-salary-increase-for-staff/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=1 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> A watan Satumba 2026, ya kuma sanya hannu kan sanarwar da ta shafi ɗaukaka Dr Mohammad Sani Isyaka zuwa matsayin Farfesa na Organic and Natural Products Chemistry. Sanarwar ta bayyana cewa ɗaukakar za ta fara aiki daga 1 Oktoba 2026.<ref>{{cite news |title=40-year-old becomes Gombe’s youngest professor |url=https://www.thestar.ng/40-year-old-becomes-gombes-youngest-professor/ |work=The Star Nigeria |date=30 September 2026 |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> == Kwarewa == Bayanan ƙwararrunsa sun nuna cewa Saulawa yana da ƙwarewa a fannin gyaran bidiyo, daukar hoto, samar da abun ciki na dijital, gudanar da kafofin sada zumunta da rubuce-rubucen labarai. Ya yi amfani da manhajoji kamar Adobe Premiere Pro, After Effects, Audition, Canva da CapCut wajen aikin samar da abun ciki.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mukhtar Sani Saulawa's portfolio |url=https://www.twine.net/Msani |website=Twine |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> An kuma bayyana shi a matsayin mai iya [[Hausa]], [[Turanci]] da ɗan [[Larabci]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Mukhtar Sani Saulawa's portfolio |url=https://www.twine.net/Msani |website=Twine |access-date=1 October 2026 }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[North-Eastern University]] * [[Gombe]] * [[Aikin jarida]] * [[Kafofin yaɗa labarai]] * [[Aligarh Muslim University]] * [[Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Jihar Gombe]] [[Category:’Yan jaridar Najeriya]] [[Category:’Yan jaridar Hausa]] [[Category:Masu samar da abun cikin dijital]] [[Category:Ma’aikatan jami’o’in Najeriya]] [[Category:North-Eastern University]] [[Category:Aligarh Muslim University]] [[Category:Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic]] a1pj2kajlasqncbwszsobyn0igdcyvp 0 177805 961611 2026-10-01T22:56:34Z Baffa ali 47435 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377652046|Adam Neumann]]" 961611 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amram marubuci ne a jerin Amazon Transparent, HBO's Silicon Valley, da kuma lokutan karshe uku na wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Parks and Recreation . Sauran kyaututtuka sun haɗa da rubuce-rubuce don Asibitin Yara na Adult Swim, Fox's The Simpsons, Comedy Central's Kroll Show, 83rd da 90th Academy Awards, 2012 MTV Movie Awards, Disney Channel da kuma ba da gudummawa ga Funny Or Die da Comedy Central Roasts. Rubutun ta ya bayyana a cikin The New Yorker, McSweeney's, Vulture, Vice Magazine da The Awl, da sauransu, da kuma littafinta na farko Science...Kimiyya...Domin Ita! Simon & Schuster ne suka buga shi a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2015A cikin 2013, Frech ya kafa Angel City Sports don samar da kyauta, damar shekara-shekara ga horar da wasanni, kayan aiki, da kuma damar gasa ga yara da manya masu nakasa. [1] Wasannin Angel City suna karbar bakuncin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan wasanni na daidaitawa a kasar, Wasannin Angel Street, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru ga tsoffin sojoji, masu amsawa na farko, da matasa11111Adam Neumann''' (Ibraniyawa) ɗan kasuwa ne na Isra'ila da Amurka.<ref name="forbes.com">{{Cite web |title=Forbes Profile: Adam Neumann |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206095727/https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann/?sh=62fa4ff6474f |archive-date=February 6, 2024 |access-date=February 19, 2024 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2010, ya kafa WeWork tare da Miguel McKelvey, inda ya kasance Shugaba daga 2010 zuwa 2019. <ref name="forbes.com" /> A cikin 2019, ya kafa ofishin iyali mai suna 166 2nd Financial Services tare da matarsa, Rebekah Neumann, don gudanar da dukiyarsu, saka hannun jari sama da dala biliyan a cikin dukiya da kuma farawa. Bayan karuwar matsin lamba daga masu saka hannun jari bisa ga bayyanar da aka yi a cikin gabatarwar jama'a, an nemi Neumann ya sauka a matsayin Shugaba na WeWork kuma ya ba da iko da rinjaye a ranar 26 ga Satumba, .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Annie Palmer |date=September 30, 2019 |title=WeWork pulls IPO filing |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/30/wework-says-it-will-file-request-to-withdraw-its-ipo-prospectus-after-roadshow-management-turmoil.html |access-date=March 1, 2020 |publisher=Cnbc.com}}</ref> ''Forbes'' ya kiyasta cewa yana da dala biliyan 2.2 a watan Fabrairun shekara ta . <ref name="forbes.com" />&nbsp; == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Neumann a ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 1979 kuma ya girma a Beersheba, Isra'ila. Iyayensa sun sake aure lokacin da yake dan shekara bakwai, kuma ya zauna a gidaje 13 daban-daban lokacin da yake da shekaru 22. Ƙaramar 'yar'uwarsa {{Interlanguage link|Adi Neumann|he|עדי נוימן}} samfurin ne kuma tsohuwar Miss Teen Isra'ila . [he]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wiedeman |first=Reeves |date=June 10, 2019 |title=How Did WeWork's Adam Neumann Build a $47 Billion Company? |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/06/wework-adam-neumann.html |access-date=June 26, 2019 |website=Intelligencer |language=en}}</ref> Yana da [[Rashin jituwa|dyslexia]] kuma ba zai iya karatu ko rubutu ba har sai ya kasance a aji na uku. A lokacin da yake matashi, ya zauna a wani kibbutz a kudancin Isra'ila. Ya yi aiki a matsayin ƙaramin jami'in sojan ruwa na Isra'ila . Ya halarci Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Zicklin a Kwalejin Baruch a Birnin New York, inda ya fita jim kadan kafin ya kammala digiri na farko a kasuwanci a shekara ta 2002, amma ya dawo don kammala digiri a shekara ta 2017. == Ayyukan kasuwanci == [[File:TechCrunch_Disrupt_NY_2015_-_Day_2_(17192687298).jpg|alt=|thumb|Adam Neumann yana magana a TechCrunch, 2015]] === 2000–2010 === Kafin kafa WeWork, Neumann ya kafa kamfanin tufafin yara, Krawlers . <ref name="weworkbegins" /> Neumann da Miguel McKelvey sun fara aiki tare, bayan sun hadu ta hanyar abokiyar juna, a kan Green Desk a cikin 2008, kasuwancin da aka raba yana mai da hankali kan dorewa, wanda ya riga ya zama WeWork. Ma'aurata sun sayar da sha'awar su a Green Desk kuma suna amfani da kudaden tare da saka hannun jari na dala miliyan 15 daga mai haɓaka dukiyar Brooklyn Joel Schreiber don sha'awar kashi 33% a cikin kamfanin, <ref name="weworkbegins" /> sun kafa WeWork a cikin 2010.<ref name="Wiedman">{{Cite web |last=Wiedeman |first=Reeves |date=June 10, 2019 |title=How did WeWork's Adam Neumann turn office space with "community" into a $47 billion company? Not by sharing |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/06/wework-adam-neumann.html |website=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref> Neumann ya bayyana cewa tare da WeWork, ya yi niyyar kwaikwayon jin daɗin haɗin kai da kasancewa da ya ji a Isra'ila kuma ya yi tunanin ya rasa a Yamma.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 20, 2019 |title=אני מתגעגע לישראל כל הזמן, אבל לא הייתי יכול לבנות חברה כמו WeWork בארץ |url=https://www.yediot.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5511810,00.html |access-date=June 26, 2019 |website=ynet |language=he}}</ref> An ba Neuman lambar yabo ta EY Entrepreneur of the Year a shekarar 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |last=del Castillo |first=Michael |date=June 17, 2015 |title=NYC unicorns among city's top entrepreneur winners recognized by Ernst & Young |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/newyork/news/2015/06/17/nyc-ernst-young-entrepreneur-of-year-2015.html |publisher=[[American City Business Journals]]}}</ref> === 2011–2020 === A ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2019, akwai rahotanni, daga kantin labarai kamar The Wall Street Journal, cewa daraktocin WeWork daban-daban suna shirin neman Neumann ya sauka a matsayin Shugaba, bayan "wani mako mai rikitarwa wanda halayensa da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya bayyana" kafin shirin IPO. ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito cewa ya dauki dala miliyan 700 daga WeWork kafin IPO, da sauran bayanai, kuma "ya lalata matsayinsa" a kamfanin. Neumann ya kuma ba da umarnin We Holdings LLC (kamfanin da Neumann da McKelvey ke sarrafawa) don warware ma'amala da dala miliyan 5.9 a hannun jari wanda kamfanin ya biya don musayar alamun kasuwanci na "Mu". A ranar 24 ga Satumba, 2019, ya yi murabus kuma an kira Artie Minson da Sebastian Gunningham a matsayin magaji. A watan Oktoba na 2019, ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito cewa Neumann zai karbi kusan dala biliyan 1.7 daga mai ruwa da tsaki SoftBank don sauka daga kwamitin WeWork da yanke mafi yawan alakarsa da kamfanin. Makonni bayan haka, masu hannun jari marasa rinjaye sun shigar da kara a kan Neumann da sauran jami'an WeWork saboda karya ayyukanta. === 2021-yanzu === A ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 2021, ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito cewa Neumann ya karbi kimanin dala miliyan 130 daga cikin dala miliyan 185 a cikin kudaden shawarwari da SoftBank ta amince da su biya kafin SoftBank ta daina biyan ragowar biyan shi. A ranar 27 ga Mayu, 2021, Jaridar Wall Street ta ba da rahoton sharuɗɗan sake tattaunawar tsakanin Neumann da SoftBank, maye gurbin hakan daga Oktoba 2019. Daga cikin sauran sharuɗɗa, Neumann ya sami dala miliyan 106 a tsabar kudi ban da dala miliyan 92.5 a cikin kudaden shawarwari da aka karɓa a baya (ya bambanta da adadin dala miliyan 130 da WSJ ta ruwaito a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 2021, don a baya ya sami kudaden shawarwarin daga SoftBank), tare da kusan dala miliyan 50 na hakan don biyan kuɗin shari'arsa. Har ila yau, kunshin sasantawa da aka sake tattauna shi "ya bar shi ya sake biyan dala miliyan 432 a cikin bashin a kan sharuddan da suka dace kuma ya ba da damar wani bangare na Mr. Neumann ya sarrafa ya sayar da dala miliyan 578 a cikin hannun jari na WeWork".''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta kuma ruwaito cewa Neumann ya sami sabon kyautar WeWork na "kimanin dala miliyan 245," amma "idan farashin [na WeWork] ya faɗi ƙasa da $ 10 [da hannun jari], Mista Neumann bai cancanci karɓar kyautar hannun jari ba".An yi takardun bayyana bayanai na Mayu 2021 "kamar yadda WeWork ta kammala haɗuwa da BowX Acquisition, kamfani na sayen musamman. "<ref name="Farrell" /> A ranar 12 ga Afrilu, 2020, ''Forbes'' ya lissafa dukiyarsa a dala miliyan 750, bayan ya sauka daga jerin biliyoyin ''Forbes'' a wannan shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adam Neumann Profile |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412025339/https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann |archive-date=April 12, 2020 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Bayan hadewar WeWork ta SPAC don zama kamfani na jama'a a cikin 2021, Bloomberg Billionaires Index ya kiyasta darajarsa a dala biliyan 2.3.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maloney |first=Tom |date=October 21, 2021 |title=WeWork's Adam Neumann Is Walking Away With a $2.3 Billion Fortune |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-21/what-is-adam-neumann-s-net-worth-wework-founder-has-2-3-billion-fortune |website=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref> {{Spaces}}Ya koma cikin jerin biliyoyin ''Forbes'' a shekarar 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adam Neumann Profile |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413155611/https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann |archive-date=April 13, 2022 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun , an lissafa darajarsa a dala biliyan 2.2.<ref name="forbes.com" />{{Spaces}} Ya zuwa Maris 2022, Neumann ya canza mayar da hankali ga saka hannun jari a Miami.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 25, 2022 |title=WeWork's Adam Neumann: Where He & Wife Rebekah Are Now |url=https://www.marieclaire.com.au/adam-neumann-now |access-date=May 5, 2022 |website=Marie Claire |language=en-us}}</ref> A watan Agusta, an ba da sanarwar cewa Andreessen Horowitz ya saka hannun jari a sabon kamfanin gine-ginen Neumann, Flow . Ya zuwa 2025, kamfanin yana sarrafawa da hayar kadarori shida a Florida da Saudi Arabia.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fischer |first=Sara |date=March 11, 2025 |title=Adam Neumann quietly builds new media startup |url=https://www.axios.com/2025/03/11/adam-neumann-media-startup-flow-trip |access-date=June 6, 2025 |website=Axios |language=en}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2022, an ruwaito Neumann a matsayin wanda ke bayan Flowcarbon, wani dandalin kasuwancin bashi na carbon wanda ke gudana akan blockchain.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dugan |first=Kevin T. |date=May 24, 2022 |title=Adam Neumann's New Business Plan |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2022/05/adam-neumanns-new-business-plan.html |access-date=August 16, 2022 |website=Intelligencer |language=en-us}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2024 Neumann ya yi ƙoƙari ya sake sayen WeWork, yayin da tsohon kamfaninsa ya yi ƙoƙari su fito daga fatarar kuɗi. Watanni uku bayan haka an watsar da yarjejeniyar. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2024, Neumann ya sami ''Whalebone'', Mujallar salon rayuwa ta wata biyu da ke Montauk, New York. An kafa mujallar ne a cikin 2010 kuma bayan sayarwa an sake masa suna zuwa Flow Trip . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bergman |first=Ben |date=May 15, 2024 |title=Adam Neumann is now in the publishing business, with his residential real estate company buying a quirky Montauk surfing magazine |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/adam-neumanns-apartment-bought-a-montauk-surfing-magazine-whalebone-2024-5 |access-date=May 16, 2024 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na 2024, Neumann ya sanar da ƙaddamar da Flow, abokin hamayyar WeWork.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goodwin |first=Grace Eliza |last2=Weiss |first2=Geoff |title=Adam Neumann's new startup is reworking WeWork's old business model |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/adam-neumann-launching-wework-rival-different-business-strategy-2024-10 |access-date=December 17, 2024 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kasuwanci == === Kamfanoni === A cikin 2018, Neumann ya zama abokin tarayya na InterCure, kamfanin wiwi na Isra'ila wanda Ehud Baraki, tsohon Firayim Minista na Isra'ila ya jagoranci kuma ya saka hannun jari a [[Equitybee|EquityBee]], farawa don masu saka hannun jari na fasaha, da Selina, kamfanin karɓar baƙi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Stoler |first=Tofi |date=September 12, 2018 |title=WeWork's Adam Neumann Invests in Stock Option Marketplace EquityBee |url=https://www.calcalistech.com/ctech/articles/0,7340,L-3745971,00.html |access-date=May 6, 2022 |website=CTECH - www.calcalistech.com}}</ref> A farkon 2020, Neumann ya saka hannun jari na dala miliyan 10 a cikin kamfanin tafiye-tafiye na GOTO Global, yana karɓar kashi 33% a cikin kamfanin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Korosec |first=Kristen |date=July 15, 2020 |title=Adam Neumann is back in the shared economy business with an investment in GoTo Global |url=https://techcrunch.com/2020/07/14/adam-neumann-is-back-in-the-shared-economy-business-with-an-investment-in-goto-global/ |access-date=February 10, 2021 |website=TechCrunch}}</ref> === Dukiya === A cikin 2012, Neumann ya yi haɗin gwiwa tare da Ken Horn na Alchemy Properties da Joel Schreiber kuma ya sayi saman bene na Woolworth Building da dala miliyan 68. A matsayinsa na Shugaba, Neumann a lokuta da yawa ya sayi gine-gine sannan ya ba da hayar sararin samaniya ga WeWork.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WeWork CEO owns some buildings WeWork leases, raising conflict of interest concerns |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2019/01/16/wework-ceo-neumann-property-owned-ipo.html |access-date=May 6, 2022 |website=www.bizjournals.com |publisher=[[American City Business Journals]]}}</ref> Masu kallo sun lura da wannan a matsayin yiwuwar rikici na sha'awa kuma wanda ba za a ba da izini ba idan WeWork kamfani ne na jama'a. A lokacin da yake Shugaba na WeWork, Neu ya kuma sayi gidaje masu daraja na dala miliyan 90, gami da kadada 60 ( a Westchester County, New York, wani yanki mai murabba'in mita 6,000 (560 m2) kusa da Gramercy Park, gidaje biyu a Hamptons, da kuma babban gida na dala miliyan 21 a Corte Madera, California. Neumann ya ƙaddamar da Flow, farawa na gidaje masu zaman kansu wanda kamfanin Andreessen Horowitz ya tallafawa, a watan Agustan 2022. == Ƙalubalen shari'a da kasuwanci == A cewar The Wall Street Journal, Neumann ya yi hayar Gulfstream G650 don tafiya daga Amurka zuwa Isra'ila a lokacin rani na 2018. Neumann da abokansa sun shafe yawancin jirgin suna shan wiwi. Bayan sauka a Isra'ila, ma'aikatan jirgin sun sami akwatin hatsi cike da wiwi kuma sun ba da rahoton ga mai jirgin. Tsoron wani lamari na fataucin wiwi, mai jirgin ya umarce shi ya koma Amurka ba tare da fasinjoji ba, tare da Neumann da magoya bayansa sun dawo a cikin jirgin daban. A watan Janairun 2021 Neumann ya riƙe babban lauyan ɓata suna Tom Clare don kare sunansa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Opfer |first=Chris |title=WeWork Founder Taps Defamation Lawyer to Help Reshape Image (2) |url=https://news.bloomberglaw.com/business-and-practice/wework-founder-taps-defamation-lawyer-for-offensive-ahead-of-ipo |access-date=October 6, 2022 |website=bloomberglaw.com |publisher=Bloomberg Law}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2023, The Spectator ya wallafa wani labarin da ke ikirarin Neumann ya yaudari masu saka hannun jari na WeWork kuma ya kwatanta shi da [[Elizabeth Holmes]], wani dan kasuwa da aka yanke masa hukuncin zamba a shekara ta 2022, wanda Neumann ya ce yaudara ce. Ya nemi kuma ya karɓi karkatarwa yana mai cewa an yi gyare-gyaren labarin don bayyana cewa Adam Neumann bai yi yaudarar masu saka hannun jari da gangan ba ko kuma ya karya duk wata doka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cohan |first=William D. |date=April 21, 2023 |title=Inside the unlikely return of WeWork's Adam Neumann |url=https://thespectator.com/topic/adam-neumann-back-wework-flow-marc-andreessen/ |access-date=September 8, 2023 |website=The Spectator World |language=en-US}}</ref> == Taimako == A cikin 2017, Neumann da matarsa sun ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 1 ga "Be the Match Registry" na Shirin Mai ba da gudana na Marrow na Kasa. Neumann ya auri Rebekah Neumann a shekara ta 2008. Yana zaune a unguwar Greenwich Village na [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]] tare da matarsa da 'ya'yansu shida.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mackelden |first=Amy |date=March 18, 2022 |title=What Happened to WeWork's Adam and Rebekah Neumann? |url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/film-tv/a39427495/where-are-adam-and-rebekah-neumann-now-wework-wecrashed/ |access-date=March 25, 2022 |website=Harpers Bazaar}}</ref> Ya yi magana game da kiyaye Shabbat tare da iyalinsa kowane mako da kuma rawar da addinin Yahudanci ya taka a ci gaban kansa da sana'arsa. An san Neumann da bayyana akai-akai tsirara a cikin jama'a; an nuna wannan al'ada a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen TV WeCrashed . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haasch |first=Palmer |date=March 21, 2022 |title=Jared Leto jokes about getting 'stunt pay' for walking around New York City barefoot to film his new WeWork show 'WeCrashed' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/jared-leto-we-crashed-barefoot-new-york-city-barefoot-2022-3 |website=businessinsider.com |publisher=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> == Da'awar da maganganu == ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito a cikin 2019 cewa Neumann yana da burin rayuwa har abada, ya zama mai biliyan uku na farko a duniya, ya faɗaɗa WeWork zuwa duniyar [[Mars]], ya zama Firayim Minista na Isra'ila, kuma ya zama "shugaban duniya". Wani labarin Vanity Fair na Satumba 2019 ya ba da rahoton cewa Neumann ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya shawo kan [[Rahm Emanuel]] ya tsaya takarar Shugabancin Amurka, ya yi amfani da Shugaba na JPMorgan Chase Jamie Dimon a matsayin bankinsa, ya shawo kansa ga yarima [[Mohammad bin Salman|Mohammed bin Salman]] na Saudi Arabia don inganta matsayin mata a Saudi Arabia, kuma ya yi ilar cewa yana aiki tare da Jared Kushner a kan shirin zaman lafiya na Gwamnatin Trump don rikicin Isra'ila da Palasdinawa. == A cikin al'adun gargajiya == Mujallar Time ta kira Neumann a matsayin daya daga cikin mutane 100 mafi tasiri na 2018 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gagné |first=Yasmin |date=April 19, 2018 |title=Here's Why These Seven Leaders, Including Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos, Are Among the World's Most Influential People |url=https://www.inc.com/yasmin-gagne/heres-why-these-seven-leaders-including-elon-musk-jeff-bezos-are-among-worlds-most-influential-people.html |website=[[Inc. (magazine)|Inc.]]}}</ref> A cikin 2022, The New York Times ta lashe lambar yabo ta Emmy don ''Taron DealBook: Ɗaya-da-Ɗaya tare da Adam Neumann'', wata hira ta kai tsaye da Andrew Ross Sorkin ya shirya. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin masu tsalle-tsalle * Jerin Isra'ilawa ta hanyar darajar == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 70tqdsoockpaklmlii2divyr4x5akc7 961612 961611 2026-10-01T22:57:35Z Baffa ali 47435 961612 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adam Neumann''' (Ibraniyawa) ɗan kasuwa ne na Isra'ila da Amurka.<ref name="forbes.com">{{Cite web |title=Forbes Profile: Adam Neumann |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206095727/https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann/?sh=62fa4ff6474f |archive-date=February 6, 2024 |access-date=February 19, 2024 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2010, ya kafa WeWork tare da Miguel McKelvey, inda ya kasance Shugaba daga 2010 zuwa 2019. <ref name="forbes.com" /> A cikin 2019, ya kafa ofishin iyali mai suna 166 2nd Financial Services tare da matarsa, Rebekah Neumann, don gudanar da dukiyarsu, saka hannun jari sama da dala biliyan a cikin dukiya da kuma farawa. Bayan karuwar matsin lamba daga masu saka hannun jari bisa ga bayyanar da aka yi a cikin gabatarwar jama'a, an nemi Neumann ya sauka a matsayin Shugaba na WeWork kuma ya ba da iko da rinjaye a ranar 26 ga Satumba, .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Annie Palmer |date=September 30, 2019 |title=WeWork pulls IPO filing |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/30/wework-says-it-will-file-request-to-withdraw-its-ipo-prospectus-after-roadshow-management-turmoil.html |access-date=March 1, 2020 |publisher=Cnbc.com}}</ref> ''Forbes'' ya kiyasta cewa yana da dala biliyan 2.2 a watan Fabrairun shekara ta . <ref name="forbes.com" />&nbsp; == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Neumann a ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 1979 kuma ya girma a Beersheba, Isra'ila. Iyayensa sun sake aure lokacin da yake dan shekara bakwai, kuma ya zauna a gidaje 13 daban-daban lokacin da yake da shekaru 22. Ƙaramar 'yar'uwarsa {{Interlanguage link|Adi Neumann|he|עדי נוימן}} samfurin ne kuma tsohuwar Miss Teen Isra'ila . [he]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wiedeman |first=Reeves |date=June 10, 2019 |title=How Did WeWork's Adam Neumann Build a $47 Billion Company? |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/06/wework-adam-neumann.html |access-date=June 26, 2019 |website=Intelligencer |language=en}}</ref> Yana da [[Rashin jituwa|dyslexia]] kuma ba zai iya karatu ko rubutu ba har sai ya kasance a aji na uku. A lokacin da yake matashi, ya zauna a wani kibbutz a kudancin Isra'ila. Ya yi aiki a matsayin ƙaramin jami'in sojan ruwa na Isra'ila . Ya halarci Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Zicklin a Kwalejin Baruch a Birnin New York, inda ya fita jim kadan kafin ya kammala digiri na farko a kasuwanci a shekara ta 2002, amma ya dawo don kammala digiri a shekara ta 2017. == Ayyukan kasuwanci == [[File:TechCrunch_Disrupt_NY_2015_-_Day_2_(17192687298).jpg|alt=|thumb|Adam Neumann yana magana a TechCrunch, 2015]] === 2000–2010 === Kafin kafa WeWork, Neumann ya kafa kamfanin tufafin yara, Krawlers . <ref name="weworkbegins" /> Neumann da Miguel McKelvey sun fara aiki tare, bayan sun hadu ta hanyar abokiyar juna, a kan Green Desk a cikin 2008, kasuwancin da aka raba yana mai da hankali kan dorewa, wanda ya riga ya zama WeWork. Ma'aurata sun sayar da sha'awar su a Green Desk kuma suna amfani da kudaden tare da saka hannun jari na dala miliyan 15 daga mai haɓaka dukiyar Brooklyn Joel Schreiber don sha'awar kashi 33% a cikin kamfanin, <ref name="weworkbegins" /> sun kafa WeWork a cikin 2010.<ref name="Wiedman">{{Cite web |last=Wiedeman |first=Reeves |date=June 10, 2019 |title=How did WeWork's Adam Neumann turn office space with "community" into a $47 billion company? Not by sharing |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/06/wework-adam-neumann.html |website=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref> Neumann ya bayyana cewa tare da WeWork, ya yi niyyar kwaikwayon jin daɗin haɗin kai da kasancewa da ya ji a Isra'ila kuma ya yi tunanin ya rasa a Yamma.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 20, 2019 |title=אני מתגעגע לישראל כל הזמן, אבל לא הייתי יכול לבנות חברה כמו WeWork בארץ |url=https://www.yediot.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5511810,00.html |access-date=June 26, 2019 |website=ynet |language=he}}</ref> An ba Neuman lambar yabo ta EY Entrepreneur of the Year a shekarar 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |last=del Castillo |first=Michael |date=June 17, 2015 |title=NYC unicorns among city's top entrepreneur winners recognized by Ernst & Young |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/newyork/news/2015/06/17/nyc-ernst-young-entrepreneur-of-year-2015.html |publisher=[[American City Business Journals]]}}</ref> === 2011–2020 === A ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2019, akwai rahotanni, daga kantin labarai kamar The Wall Street Journal, cewa daraktocin WeWork daban-daban suna shirin neman Neumann ya sauka a matsayin Shugaba, bayan "wani mako mai rikitarwa wanda halayensa da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya bayyana" kafin shirin IPO. ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito cewa ya dauki dala miliyan 700 daga WeWork kafin IPO, da sauran bayanai, kuma "ya lalata matsayinsa" a kamfanin. Neumann ya kuma ba da umarnin We Holdings LLC (kamfanin da Neumann da McKelvey ke sarrafawa) don warware ma'amala da dala miliyan 5.9 a hannun jari wanda kamfanin ya biya don musayar alamun kasuwanci na "Mu". A ranar 24 ga Satumba, 2019, ya yi murabus kuma an kira Artie Minson da Sebastian Gunningham a matsayin magaji. A watan Oktoba na 2019, ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito cewa Neumann zai karbi kusan dala biliyan 1.7 daga mai ruwa da tsaki SoftBank don sauka daga kwamitin WeWork da yanke mafi yawan alakarsa da kamfanin. Makonni bayan haka, masu hannun jari marasa rinjaye sun shigar da kara a kan Neumann da sauran jami'an WeWork saboda karya ayyukanta. === 2021-yanzu === A ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 2021, ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito cewa Neumann ya karbi kimanin dala miliyan 130 daga cikin dala miliyan 185 a cikin kudaden shawarwari da SoftBank ta amince da su biya kafin SoftBank ta daina biyan ragowar biyan shi. A ranar 27 ga Mayu, 2021, Jaridar Wall Street ta ba da rahoton sharuɗɗan sake tattaunawar tsakanin Neumann da SoftBank, maye gurbin hakan daga Oktoba 2019. Daga cikin sauran sharuɗɗa, Neumann ya sami dala miliyan 106 a tsabar kudi ban da dala miliyan 92.5 a cikin kudaden shawarwari da aka karɓa a baya (ya bambanta da adadin dala miliyan 130 da WSJ ta ruwaito a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 2021, don a baya ya sami kudaden shawarwarin daga SoftBank), tare da kusan dala miliyan 50 na hakan don biyan kuɗin shari'arsa. Har ila yau, kunshin sasantawa da aka sake tattauna shi "ya bar shi ya sake biyan dala miliyan 432 a cikin bashin a kan sharuddan da suka dace kuma ya ba da damar wani bangare na Mr. Neumann ya sarrafa ya sayar da dala miliyan 578 a cikin hannun jari na WeWork".''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta kuma ruwaito cewa Neumann ya sami sabon kyautar WeWork na "kimanin dala miliyan 245," amma "idan farashin [na WeWork] ya faɗi ƙasa da $ 10 [da hannun jari], Mista Neumann bai cancanci karɓar kyautar hannun jari ba".An yi takardun bayyana bayanai na Mayu 2021 "kamar yadda WeWork ta kammala haɗuwa da BowX Acquisition, kamfani na sayen musamman. "<ref name="Farrell" /> A ranar 12 ga Afrilu, 2020, ''Forbes'' ya lissafa dukiyarsa a dala miliyan 750, bayan ya sauka daga jerin biliyoyin ''Forbes'' a wannan shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adam Neumann Profile |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412025339/https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann |archive-date=April 12, 2020 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Bayan hadewar WeWork ta SPAC don zama kamfani na jama'a a cikin 2021, Bloomberg Billionaires Index ya kiyasta darajarsa a dala biliyan 2.3.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maloney |first=Tom |date=October 21, 2021 |title=WeWork's Adam Neumann Is Walking Away With a $2.3 Billion Fortune |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-21/what-is-adam-neumann-s-net-worth-wework-founder-has-2-3-billion-fortune |website=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref> {{Spaces}}Ya koma cikin jerin biliyoyin ''Forbes'' a shekarar 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adam Neumann Profile |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413155611/https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann |archive-date=April 13, 2022 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun , an lissafa darajarsa a dala biliyan 2.2.<ref name="forbes.com" />{{Spaces}} Ya zuwa Maris 2022, Neumann ya canza mayar da hankali ga saka hannun jari a Miami.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 25, 2022 |title=WeWork's Adam Neumann: Where He & Wife Rebekah Are Now |url=https://www.marieclaire.com.au/adam-neumann-now |access-date=May 5, 2022 |website=Marie Claire |language=en-us}}</ref> A watan Agusta, an ba da sanarwar cewa Andreessen Horowitz ya saka hannun jari a sabon kamfanin gine-ginen Neumann, Flow . Ya zuwa 2025, kamfanin yana sarrafawa da hayar kadarori shida a Florida da Saudi Arabia.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fischer |first=Sara |date=March 11, 2025 |title=Adam Neumann quietly builds new media startup |url=https://www.axios.com/2025/03/11/adam-neumann-media-startup-flow-trip |access-date=June 6, 2025 |website=Axios |language=en}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2022, an ruwaito Neumann a matsayin wanda ke bayan Flowcarbon, wani dandalin kasuwancin bashi na carbon wanda ke gudana akan blockchain.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dugan |first=Kevin T. |date=May 24, 2022 |title=Adam Neumann's New Business Plan |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2022/05/adam-neumanns-new-business-plan.html |access-date=August 16, 2022 |website=Intelligencer |language=en-us}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2024 Neumann ya yi ƙoƙari ya sake sayen WeWork, yayin da tsohon kamfaninsa ya yi ƙoƙari su fito daga fatarar kuɗi. Watanni uku bayan haka an watsar da yarjejeniyar. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2024, Neumann ya sami ''Whalebone'', Mujallar salon rayuwa ta wata biyu da ke Montauk, New York. An kafa mujallar ne a cikin 2010 kuma bayan sayarwa an sake masa suna zuwa Flow Trip . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bergman |first=Ben |date=May 15, 2024 |title=Adam Neumann is now in the publishing business, with his residential real estate company buying a quirky Montauk surfing magazine |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/adam-neumanns-apartment-bought-a-montauk-surfing-magazine-whalebone-2024-5 |access-date=May 16, 2024 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na 2024, Neumann ya sanar da ƙaddamar da Flow, abokin hamayyar WeWork.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goodwin |first=Grace Eliza |last2=Weiss |first2=Geoff |title=Adam Neumann's new startup is reworking WeWork's old business model |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/adam-neumann-launching-wework-rival-different-business-strategy-2024-10 |access-date=December 17, 2024 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kasuwanci == === Kamfanoni === A cikin 2018, Neumann ya zama abokin tarayya na InterCure, kamfanin wiwi na Isra'ila wanda Ehud Baraki, tsohon Firayim Minista na Isra'ila ya jagoranci kuma ya saka hannun jari a [[Equitybee|EquityBee]], farawa don masu saka hannun jari na fasaha, da Selina, kamfanin karɓar baƙi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Stoler |first=Tofi |date=September 12, 2018 |title=WeWork's Adam Neumann Invests in Stock Option Marketplace EquityBee |url=https://www.calcalistech.com/ctech/articles/0,7340,L-3745971,00.html |access-date=May 6, 2022 |website=CTECH - www.calcalistech.com}}</ref> A farkon 2020, Neumann ya saka hannun jari na dala miliyan 10 a cikin kamfanin tafiye-tafiye na GOTO Global, yana karɓar kashi 33% a cikin kamfanin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Korosec |first=Kristen |date=July 15, 2020 |title=Adam Neumann is back in the shared economy business with an investment in GoTo Global |url=https://techcrunch.com/2020/07/14/adam-neumann-is-back-in-the-shared-economy-business-with-an-investment-in-goto-global/ |access-date=February 10, 2021 |website=TechCrunch}}</ref> === Dukiya === A cikin 2012, Neumann ya yi haɗin gwiwa tare da Ken Horn na Alchemy Properties da Joel Schreiber kuma ya sayi saman bene na Woolworth Building da dala miliyan 68. A matsayinsa na Shugaba, Neumann a lokuta da yawa ya sayi gine-gine sannan ya ba da hayar sararin samaniya ga WeWork.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WeWork CEO owns some buildings WeWork leases, raising conflict of interest concerns |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2019/01/16/wework-ceo-neumann-property-owned-ipo.html |access-date=May 6, 2022 |website=www.bizjournals.com |publisher=[[American City Business Journals]]}}</ref> Masu kallo sun lura da wannan a matsayin yiwuwar rikici na sha'awa kuma wanda ba za a ba da izini ba idan WeWork kamfani ne na jama'a. A lokacin da yake Shugaba na WeWork, Neu ya kuma sayi gidaje masu daraja na dala miliyan 90, gami da kadada 60 ( a Westchester County, New York, wani yanki mai murabba'in mita 6,000 (560 m2) kusa da Gramercy Park, gidaje biyu a Hamptons, da kuma babban gida na dala miliyan 21 a Corte Madera, California. Neumann ya ƙaddamar da Flow, farawa na gidaje masu zaman kansu wanda kamfanin Andreessen Horowitz ya tallafawa, a watan Agustan 2022. == Ƙalubalen shari'a da kasuwanci == A cewar The Wall Street Journal, Neumann ya yi hayar Gulfstream G650 don tafiya daga Amurka zuwa Isra'ila a lokacin rani na 2018. Neumann da abokansa sun shafe yawancin jirgin suna shan wiwi. Bayan sauka a Isra'ila, ma'aikatan jirgin sun sami akwatin hatsi cike da wiwi kuma sun ba da rahoton ga mai jirgin. Tsoron wani lamari na fataucin wiwi, mai jirgin ya umarce shi ya koma Amurka ba tare da fasinjoji ba, tare da Neumann da magoya bayansa sun dawo a cikin jirgin daban. A watan Janairun 2021 Neumann ya riƙe babban lauyan ɓata suna Tom Clare don kare sunansa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Opfer |first=Chris |title=WeWork Founder Taps Defamation Lawyer to Help Reshape Image (2) |url=https://news.bloomberglaw.com/business-and-practice/wework-founder-taps-defamation-lawyer-for-offensive-ahead-of-ipo |access-date=October 6, 2022 |website=bloomberglaw.com |publisher=Bloomberg Law}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2023, The Spectator ya wallafa wani labarin da ke ikirarin Neumann ya yaudari masu saka hannun jari na WeWork kuma ya kwatanta shi da [[Elizabeth Holmes]], wani dan kasuwa da aka yanke masa hukuncin zamba a shekara ta 2022, wanda Neumann ya ce yaudara ce. Ya nemi kuma ya karɓi karkatarwa yana mai cewa an yi gyare-gyaren labarin don bayyana cewa Adam Neumann bai yi yaudarar masu saka hannun jari da gangan ba ko kuma ya karya duk wata doka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cohan |first=William D. |date=April 21, 2023 |title=Inside the unlikely return of WeWork's Adam Neumann |url=https://thespectator.com/topic/adam-neumann-back-wework-flow-marc-andreessen/ |access-date=September 8, 2023 |website=The Spectator World |language=en-US}}</ref> == Taimako == A cikin 2017, Neumann da matarsa sun ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 1 ga "Be the Match Registry" na Shirin Mai ba da gudana na Marrow na Kasa. Neumann ya auri Rebekah Neumann a shekara ta 2008. Yana zaune a unguwar Greenwich Village na [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]] tare da matarsa da 'ya'yansu shida.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mackelden |first=Amy |date=March 18, 2022 |title=What Happened to WeWork's Adam and Rebekah Neumann? |url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/film-tv/a39427495/where-are-adam-and-rebekah-neumann-now-wework-wecrashed/ |access-date=March 25, 2022 |website=Harpers Bazaar}}</ref> Ya yi magana game da kiyaye Shabbat tare da iyalinsa kowane mako da kuma rawar da addinin Yahudanci ya taka a ci gaban kansa da sana'arsa. An san Neumann da bayyana akai-akai tsirara a cikin jama'a; an nuna wannan al'ada a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen TV WeCrashed . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haasch |first=Palmer |date=March 21, 2022 |title=Jared Leto jokes about getting 'stunt pay' for walking around New York City barefoot to film his new WeWork show 'WeCrashed' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/jared-leto-we-crashed-barefoot-new-york-city-barefoot-2022-3 |website=businessinsider.com |publisher=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> == Da'awar da maganganu == ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito a cikin 2019 cewa Neumann yana da burin rayuwa har abada, ya zama mai biliyan uku na farko a duniya, ya faɗaɗa WeWork zuwa duniyar [[Mars]], ya zama Firayim Minista na Isra'ila, kuma ya zama "shugaban duniya". Wani labarin Vanity Fair na Satumba 2019 ya ba da rahoton cewa Neumann ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya shawo kan [[Rahm Emanuel]] ya tsaya takarar Shugabancin Amurka, ya yi amfani da Shugaba na JPMorgan Chase Jamie Dimon a matsayin bankinsa, ya shawo kansa ga yarima [[Mohammad bin Salman|Mohammed bin Salman]] na Saudi Arabia don inganta matsayin mata a Saudi Arabia, kuma ya yi ilar cewa yana aiki tare da Jared Kushner a kan shirin zaman lafiya na Gwamnatin Trump don rikicin Isra'ila da Palasdinawa. == A cikin al'adun gargajiya == Mujallar Time ta kira Neumann a matsayin daya daga cikin mutane 100 mafi tasiri na 2018 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gagné |first=Yasmin |date=April 19, 2018 |title=Here's Why These Seven Leaders, Including Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos, Are Among the World's Most Influential People |url=https://www.inc.com/yasmin-gagne/heres-why-these-seven-leaders-including-elon-musk-jeff-bezos-are-among-worlds-most-influential-people.html |website=[[Inc. (magazine)|Inc.]]}}</ref> A cikin 2022, The New York Times ta lashe lambar yabo ta Emmy don ''Taron DealBook: Ɗaya-da-Ɗaya tare da Adam Neumann'', wata hira ta kai tsaye da Andrew Ross Sorkin ya shirya. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin masu tsalle-tsalle * Jerin Isra'ilawa ta hanyar darajar == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qjcqbwnq4giuztljns8xk8c7zhv9l1w 961720 961612 2026-10-02T06:29:06Z Baffa ali 47435 961720 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adam Neumann''' (Ibraniyawa) ɗan kasuwa ne na Isra'ila da Amurka.<ref name="forbes.com">{{Cite web |title=Forbes Profile: Adam Neumann |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206095727/https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann/?sh=62fa4ff6474f |archive-date=February 6, 2024 |access-date=February 19, 2024 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2010, ya kafa WeWork tare da Miguel McKelvey, inda ya kasance Shugaba daga shekarar 2010 zuwa shekarar 2019. <ref name="forbes.com" /> A cikin 2019, ya kafa ofishin iyali mai suna 166 2nd Financial Services tare da matarsa, Rebekah Neumann, don gudanar da dukiyarsu, saka hannun jari sama da dala biliyan a cikin dukiya da kuma farawa. Bayan karuwar matsin lamba daga masu saka hannun jari bisa ga bayyanar da aka yi a cikin gabatarwar jama'a, an nemi Neumann ya sauka a matsayin Shugaba na WeWork kuma ya ba da iko da rinjaye a ranar 26 ga Satumba, .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Annie Palmer |date=September 30, 2019 |title=WeWork pulls IPO filing |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/30/wework-says-it-will-file-request-to-withdraw-its-ipo-prospectus-after-roadshow-management-turmoil.html |access-date=March 1, 2020 |publisher=Cnbc.com}}</ref> ''Forbes'' ya kiyasta cewa yana da dala biliyan 2.2 a watan Fabrairun shekara ta . <ref name="forbes.com" />&nbsp; == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Neumann a ranar 25 ga watan Afrilu, a shekarar 1979 kuma ya girma a Beersheba, Isra'ila. Iyayensa sun sake aure lokacin da yake dan shekara bakwai, kuma ya zauna a gidaje 13 daban-daban lokacin da yake da shekaru 22. Ƙaramar 'yar'uwarsa {{Interlanguage link|Adi Neumann|he|עדי נוימן}} samfurin ne kuma tsohuwar Miss Teen Isra'ila . [he]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wiedeman |first=Reeves |date=June 10, 2019 |title=How Did WeWork's Adam Neumann Build a $47 Billion Company? |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/06/wework-adam-neumann.html |access-date=June 26, 2019 |website=Intelligencer |language=en}}</ref> Yana da [[Rashin jituwa|dyslexia]] kuma ba zai iya karatu ko rubutu ba har sai ya kasance a aji na uku. A lokacin da yake matashi, ya zauna a wani kibbutz a kudancin Isra'ila. Ya yi aiki a matsayin ƙaramin jami'in sojan ruwa na Isra'ila . Ya halarci Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Zicklin a Kwalejin Baruch a Birnin New York, inda ya fita jim kadan kafin ya kammala digiri na farko a kasuwanci a shekara ta 2002, amma ya dawo don kammala digiri a shekara ta 2017. == Ayyukan kasuwanci == [[File:TechCrunch_Disrupt_NY_2015_-_Day_2_(17192687298).jpg|alt=|thumb|Adam Neumann yana magana a TechCrunch, 2015]] === 2000–2010 === Kafin kafa WeWork, Neumann ya kafa kamfanin tufafin yara, Krawlers . <ref name="weworkbegins" /> Neumann da Miguel McKelvey sun fara aiki tare, bayan sun hadu ta hanyar abokiyar juna, a kan Green Desk a cikin 2008, kasuwancin da aka raba yana mai da hankali kan dorewa, wanda ya riga ya zama WeWork. Ma'aurata sun sayar da sha'awar su a Green Desk kuma suna amfani da kudaden tare da saka hannun jari na dala miliyan 15 daga mai haɓaka dukiyar Brooklyn Joel Schreiber don sha'awar kashi 33% a cikin kamfanin, <ref name="weworkbegins" /> sun kafa WeWork a cikin shekarar 2010.<ref name="Wiedman">{{Cite web |last=Wiedeman |first=Reeves |date=June 10, 2019 |title=How did WeWork's Adam Neumann turn office space with "community" into a $47 billion company? Not by sharing |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/06/wework-adam-neumann.html |website=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref> Neumann ya bayyana cewa tare da WeWork, ya yi niyyar kwaikwayon jin daɗin haɗin kai da kasancewa da ya ji a Isra'ila kuma ya yi tunanin ya rasa a Yamma.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 20, 2019 |title=אני מתגעגע לישראל כל הזמן, אבל לא הייתי יכול לבנות חברה כמו WeWork בארץ |url=https://www.yediot.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5511810,00.html |access-date=June 26, 2019 |website=ynet |language=he}}</ref> An ba Neuman lambar yabo ta EY Entrepreneur of the Year a shekarar 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |last=del Castillo |first=Michael |date=June 17, 2015 |title=NYC unicorns among city's top entrepreneur winners recognized by Ernst & Young |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/newyork/news/2015/06/17/nyc-ernst-young-entrepreneur-of-year-2015.html |publisher=[[American City Business Journals]]}}</ref> === 2011–2020 === A ranar 22 ga watan Satumba, 2019, akwai rahotanni, daga kantin labarai kamar The Wall Street Journal, cewa daraktocin WeWork daban-daban suna shirin neman Neumann ya sauka a matsayin Shugaba, bayan "wani mako mai rikitarwa wanda halayensa da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya bayyana" kafin shirin IPO. ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito cewa ya dauki dala miliyan 700 daga WeWork kafin IPO, da sauran bayanai, kuma "ya lalata matsayinsa" a kamfanin. Neumann ya kuma ba da umarnin We Holdings LLC (kamfanin da Neumann da McKelvey ke sarrafawa) don warware ma'amala da dala miliyan 5.9 a hannun jari wanda kamfanin ya biya don musayar alamun kasuwanci na "Mu". A ranar 24 ga watan Satumba, a shekarar 2019, ya yi murabus kuma an kira Artie Minson da Sebastian Gunningham a matsayin magaji. A watan Oktoba a shekarar 2019, ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito cewa Neumann zai karbi kusan dala biliyan 1.7 daga mai ruwa da tsaki SoftBank don sauka daga kwamitin WeWork da yanke mafi yawan alakarsa da kamfanin. Makonni bayan haka, masu hannun jari marasa rinjaye sun shigar da kara a kan Neumann da sauran jami'an WeWork saboda karya ayyukanta. === 2021-yanzu === A ranar 24 ga watan Fabrairu, a shekarar 2021, ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito cewa Neumann ya karbi kimanin dala miliyan 130 daga cikin dala miliyan 185 a cikin kudaden shawarwari da SoftBank ta amince da su biya kafin SoftBank ta daina biyan ragowar biyan shi. A ranar 27 ga watan Mayu, a shekarar 2021, Jaridar Wall Street ta ba da rahoton sharuɗɗan sake tattaunawar tsakanin Neumann da SoftBank, maye gurbin hakan daga watan Oktoba a shekarar 2019. Daga cikin sauran sharuɗɗa, Neumann ya sami dala miliyan 106 a tsabar kudi ban da dala miliyan 92.5 a cikin kudaden shawarwari da aka karɓa a baya (ya bambanta da adadin dala miliyan 130 da WSJ ta ruwaito a ranar 24 ga watan Fabrairu, a shekarar 2021, don a baya ya sami kudaden shawarwarin daga SoftBank), tare da kusan dala miliyan 50 na hakan don biyan kuɗin shari'arsa. Har ila yau, kunshin sasantawa da aka sake tattauna shi "ya bar shi ya sake biyan dala miliyan 432 a cikin bashin a kan sharuddan da suka dace kuma ya ba da damar wani bangare na Mr. Neumann ya sarrafa ya sayar da dala miliyan 578 a cikin hannun jari na WeWork".''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta kuma ruwaito cewa Neumann ya sami sabon kyautar WeWork na "kimanin dala miliyan 245," amma "idan farashin [na WeWork] ya faɗi ƙasa da $ 10 [da hannun jari], Mista Neumann bai cancanci karɓar kyautar hannun jari ba".An yi takardun bayyana bayanai watan Mayu a shekarar 2021 "kamar yadda WeWork ta kammala haɗuwa da BowX Acquisition, kamfani na sayen musamman. "<ref name="Farrell" /> A ranar 12 ga watan Afrilu, a shekarar 2020, ''Forbes'' ya lissafa dukiyarsa a dala miliyan 750, bayan ya sauka daga jerin biliyoyin ''Forbes'' a wannan shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adam Neumann Profile |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412025339/https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann |archive-date=April 12, 2020 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Bayan hadewar WeWork ta SPAC don zama kamfani na jama'a a cikin 2021, Bloomberg Billionaires Index ya kiyasta darajarsa a dala biliyan 2.3.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maloney |first=Tom |date=October 21, 2021 |title=WeWork's Adam Neumann Is Walking Away With a $2.3 Billion Fortune |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-21/what-is-adam-neumann-s-net-worth-wework-founder-has-2-3-billion-fortune |website=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref> {{Spaces}}Ya koma cikin jerin biliyoyin ''Forbes'' a shekarar 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adam Neumann Profile |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413155611/https://www.forbes.com/profile/adam-neumann |archive-date=April 13, 2022 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun , an lissafa darajarsa a dala biliyan 2.2.<ref name="forbes.com" />{{Spaces}} Ya zuwa Maris a shekarar 2022, Neumann ya canza mayar da hankali ga saka hannun jari a Miami.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 25, 2022 |title=WeWork's Adam Neumann: Where He & Wife Rebekah Are Now |url=https://www.marieclaire.com.au/adam-neumann-now |access-date=May 5, 2022 |website=Marie Claire |language=en-us}}</ref> A watan Agusta, an ba da sanarwar cewa Andreessen Horowitz ya saka hannun jari a sabon kamfanin gine-ginen Neumann, Flow . Ya zuwa 2025, kamfanin yana sarrafawa da hayar kadarori shida a Florida da Saudi Arabia.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fischer |first=Sara |date=March 11, 2025 |title=Adam Neumann quietly builds new media startup |url=https://www.axios.com/2025/03/11/adam-neumann-media-startup-flow-trip |access-date=June 6, 2025 |website=Axios |language=en}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2022, an ruwaito Neumann a matsayin wanda ke bayan Flowcarbon, wani dandalin kasuwancin bashi na carbon wanda ke gudana akan blockchain.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dugan |first=Kevin T. |date=May 24, 2022 |title=Adam Neumann's New Business Plan |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2022/05/adam-neumanns-new-business-plan.html |access-date=August 16, 2022 |website=Intelligencer |language=en-us}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun a shekarar 2024 Neumann ya yi ƙoƙari ya sake sayen WeWork, yayin da tsohon kamfaninsa ya yi ƙoƙari su fito daga fatarar kuɗi. Watanni uku bayan haka an watsar da yarjejeniyar. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2024, Neumann ya sami ''Whalebone'', Mujallar salon rayuwa ta wata biyu da ke Montauk, New York. An kafa mujallar ne a cikin shekarar 2010 kuma bayan sayarwa an sake masa suna zuwa Flow Trip . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bergman |first=Ben |date=May 15, 2024 |title=Adam Neumann is now in the publishing business, with his residential real estate company buying a quirky Montauk surfing magazine |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/adam-neumanns-apartment-bought-a-montauk-surfing-magazine-whalebone-2024-5 |access-date=May 16, 2024 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoba shekarar 2024, Neumann ya sanar da ƙaddamar da Flow, abokin hamayyar WeWork.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goodwin |first=Grace Eliza |last2=Weiss |first2=Geoff |title=Adam Neumann's new startup is reworking WeWork's old business model |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/adam-neumann-launching-wework-rival-different-business-strategy-2024-10 |access-date=December 17, 2024 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kasuwanci == === Kamfanoni === A cikin 2018, Neumann ya zama abokin tarayya na InterCure, kamfanin wiwi na Isra'ila wanda Ehud Baraki, tsohon Firayim Minista na Isra'ila ya jagoranci kuma ya saka hannun jari a [[Equitybee|EquityBee]], farawa don masu saka hannun jari na fasaha, da Selina, kamfanin karɓar baƙi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Stoler |first=Tofi |date=September 12, 2018 |title=WeWork's Adam Neumann Invests in Stock Option Marketplace EquityBee |url=https://www.calcalistech.com/ctech/articles/0,7340,L-3745971,00.html |access-date=May 6, 2022 |website=CTECH - www.calcalistech.com}}</ref> A farkon shekarar 2020, Neumann ya saka hannun jari na dala miliyan 10 a cikin kamfanin tafiye-tafiye na GOTO Global, yana karɓar kashi 33% a cikin kamfanin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Korosec |first=Kristen |date=July 15, 2020 |title=Adam Neumann is back in the shared economy business with an investment in GoTo Global |url=https://techcrunch.com/2020/07/14/adam-neumann-is-back-in-the-shared-economy-business-with-an-investment-in-goto-global/ |access-date=February 10, 2021 |website=TechCrunch}}</ref> === Dukiya === A cikin shekarar 2012, Neumann ya yi haɗin gwiwa tare da Ken Horn na Alchemy Properties da Joel Schreiber kuma ya sayi saman bene na Woolworth Building da dala miliyan 68. A matsayinsa na Shugaba, Neumann a lokuta da yawa ya sayi gine-gine sannan ya ba da hayar sararin samaniya ga WeWork.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WeWork CEO owns some buildings WeWork leases, raising conflict of interest concerns |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2019/01/16/wework-ceo-neumann-property-owned-ipo.html |access-date=May 6, 2022 |website=www.bizjournals.com |publisher=[[American City Business Journals]]}}</ref> Masu kallo sun lura da wannan a matsayin yiwuwar rikici na sha'awa kuma wanda ba za a ba da izini ba idan WeWork kamfani ne na jama'a. A lokacin da yake Shugaba na WeWork, Neu ya kuma sayi gidaje masu daraja na dala miliyan 90, gami da kadada 60 ( a Westchester County, New York, wani yanki mai murabba'in mita 6,000 (560 m2) kusa da Gramercy Park, gidaje biyu a Hamptons, da kuma babban gida na dala miliyan 21 a Corte Madera, California. Neumann ya ƙaddamar da Flow, farawa na gidaje masu zaman kansu wanda kamfanin Andreessen Horowitz ya tallafawa, a watan Agustan a shekarar 2022. == Ƙalubalen shari'a da kasuwanci == A cewar The Wall Street Journal, Neumann ya yi hayar Gulfstream G650 don tafiya daga Amurka zuwa Isra'ila a lokacin rani na 2018. Neumann da abokansa sun shafe yawancin jirgin suna shan wiwi. Bayan sauka a Isra'ila, ma'aikatan jirgin sun sami akwatin hatsi cike da wiwi kuma sun ba da rahoton ga mai jirgin. Tsoron wani lamari na fataucin wiwi, mai jirgin ya umarce shi ya koma Amurka ba tare da fasinjoji ba, tare da Neumann da magoya bayansa sun dawo a cikin jirgin daban. A watan Janairun 2021 Neumann ya riƙe babban lauyan ɓata suna Tom Clare don kare sunansa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Opfer |first=Chris |title=WeWork Founder Taps Defamation Lawyer to Help Reshape Image (2) |url=https://news.bloomberglaw.com/business-and-practice/wework-founder-taps-defamation-lawyer-for-offensive-ahead-of-ipo |access-date=October 6, 2022 |website=bloomberglaw.com |publisher=Bloomberg Law}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2023, The Spectator ya wallafa wani labarin da ke ikirarin Neumann ya yaudari masu saka hannun jari na WeWork kuma ya kwatanta shi da [[Elizabeth Holmes]], wani dan kasuwa da aka yanke masa hukuncin zamba a shekara ta 2022, wanda Neumann ya ce yaudara ce. Ya nemi kuma ya karɓi karkatarwa yana mai cewa an yi gyare-gyaren labarin don bayyana cewa Adam Neumann bai yi yaudarar masu saka hannun jari da gangan ba ko kuma ya karya duk wata doka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cohan |first=William D. |date=April 21, 2023 |title=Inside the unlikely return of WeWork's Adam Neumann |url=https://thespectator.com/topic/adam-neumann-back-wework-flow-marc-andreessen/ |access-date=September 8, 2023 |website=The Spectator World |language=en-US}}</ref> == Taimako == A cikin 2017, Neumann da matarsa sun ba da gudummawar dala miliyan 1 ga "Be the Match Registry" na Shirin Mai ba da gudana na Marrow na Kasa. Neumann ya auri Rebekah Neumann a shekara ta 2008. Yana zaune a unguwar Greenwich Village na [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]] tare da matarsa da 'ya'yansu shida.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mackelden |first=Amy |date=March 18, 2022 |title=What Happened to WeWork's Adam and Rebekah Neumann? |url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/film-tv/a39427495/where-are-adam-and-rebekah-neumann-now-wework-wecrashed/ |access-date=March 25, 2022 |website=Harpers Bazaar}}</ref> Ya yi magana game da kiyaye Shabbat tare da iyalinsa kowane mako da kuma rawar da addinin Yahudanci ya taka a ci gaban kansa da sana'arsa. An san Neumann da bayyana akai-akai tsirara a cikin jama'a; an nuna wannan al'ada a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen TV WeCrashed . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haasch |first=Palmer |date=March 21, 2022 |title=Jared Leto jokes about getting 'stunt pay' for walking around New York City barefoot to film his new WeWork show 'WeCrashed' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/jared-leto-we-crashed-barefoot-new-york-city-barefoot-2022-3 |website=businessinsider.com |publisher=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> == Da'awar da maganganu == ''Jaridar Wall Street'' ta ruwaito a cikin 2019 cewa Neumann yana da burin rayuwa har abada, ya zama mai biliyan uku na farko a duniya, ya faɗaɗa WeWork zuwa duniyar [[Mars]], ya zama Firayim Minista na Isra'ila, kuma ya zama "shugaban duniya". Wani labarin Vanity Fair na Satumba 2019 ya ba da rahoton cewa Neumann ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya shawo kan [[Rahm Emanuel]] ya tsaya takarar Shugabancin Amurka, ya yi amfani da Shugaba na JPMorgan Chase Jamie Dimon a matsayin bankinsa, ya shawo kansa ga yarima [[Mohammad bin Salman|Mohammed bin Salman]] na Saudi Arabia don inganta matsayin mata a Saudi Arabia, kuma ya yi ilar cewa yana aiki tare da Jared Kushner a kan shirin zaman lafiya na Gwamnatin Trump don rikicin Isra'ila da Palasdinawa. == A cikin al'adun gargajiya == Mujallar Time ta kira Neumann a matsayin daya daga cikin mutane 100 mafi tasiri na 2018 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gagné |first=Yasmin |date=April 19, 2018 |title=Here's Why These Seven Leaders, Including Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos, Are Among the World's Most Influential People |url=https://www.inc.com/yasmin-gagne/heres-why-these-seven-leaders-including-elon-musk-jeff-bezos-are-among-worlds-most-influential-people.html |website=[[Inc. (magazine)|Inc.]]}}</ref> A cikin 2022, The New York Times ta lashe lambar yabo ta Emmy don ''Taron DealBook: Ɗaya-da-Ɗaya tare da Adam Neumann'', wata hira ta kai tsaye da Andrew Ross Sorkin ya shirya. == Dubi kuma == * Jerin masu tsalle-tsalle * Jerin Isra'ilawa ta hanyar darajar == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] i801ecbfmal4hdmutu6u1zcql9ymxyb 0 177806 961613 2026-10-01T23:06:46Z Uskeone 40867 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Nnamdi Chinwendu Nwaeze | image = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = | nationality = [[Najeriya|Ƙasar Najeriya]] | education = [[Jami'ar Port Harcourt|University of Port Harcourt]] | occupation = Masanin tattalin arziƙi, farfesa | employer = [[Abia State University]] | known_for = Binciken tattalin arziƙi da aikin ilimi | title... 961613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Nnamdi Chinwendu Nwaeze | image = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = | nationality = [[Najeriya|Ƙasar Najeriya]] | education = [[Jami'ar Port Harcourt|University of Port Harcourt]] | occupation = Masanin tattalin arziƙi, farfesa | employer = [[Abia State University]] | known_for = Binciken tattalin arziƙi da aikin ilimi | title = Farfesa }} '''Nnamdi Chinwendu Nwaeze''' ɗan Najeriya ne kuma masanin [[tattalin arziƙi]] wanda ke aiki a [[Abia State University]] (ABSU), Uturu, a Sashen Tattalin Arziƙi na Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences. Bincikensa ya fi karkata ga [[development economics|tattalin arziƙin ci gaba]], [[macroeconomics|manyan tattalin arziƙi]], [[foreign direct investment|zuba jarin waje kai tsaye]], ci gaban tattalin arziƙi da manufofin tattalin arziƙi.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Accounting for the symmetric and asymmetric effects of FDI-growth nexus amidst financial crises, economic crises and COVID-19 pandemic: application of hidden co-integration |journal=Scientific Reports |year=2022 |author=Nnamdi Chinwendu Nwaeze |work=Department of Economics, Abia State University, Uturu}}</ref> == Rayuwa da ilimi == Nwaeze ya yi karatunsa a fannin [[tattalin arziƙi]]. Bayanan da ya wallafa a shafinsa na ƙwararru sun nuna cewa ya samu digirin digirgir (PhD) a [[Development Economics|Tattalin Arziƙin Ci Gaba]] daga [[Jami'ar Port Harcourt]] tsakanin shekarun 2014 zuwa 2017.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nnamdi Nwaeze |work=LinkedIn |access-date=2026-10-01}}</ref> Bayanan bincikensa sun kuma nuna cewa yana da digiri uku a fannin tattalin arziƙi, kuma ya wallafa bincike a mujallu na ilimi daban-daban.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nnamdi Nwaeze |work=LinkedIn |access-date=2026-10-01}}</ref> == Aikin ilimi == Nwaeze malamin jami'a ne a [[Abia State University]], Uturu, inda yake cikin Sashen Tattalin Arziƙi. A cikin wani binciken da aka wallafa a shekarar 2024, an bayyana shi a matsayin babban malami (Senior Lecturer) a Sashen Tattalin Arziƙi na jami'ar, tare da sha'awar bincike kan tattalin arziƙin ci gaba da manyan tattalin arziƙi.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Navigating the paths to sustainable environments via energy security, renewable energy and economic complexity: Evidence from array of pollution metrics |journal=Energy & Environment |year=2024 |author=Emmanuel Uche; Narasingha Das; Nnamdi Chinwendu Nwaeze; Pinki Bera}}</ref> A shekarar 2026, majiyoyin labarai sun bayyana shi a matsayin Farfesa a Sashen Tattalin Arziƙi na Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences na ABSU.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nigerian university suspends lecturer for claiming tricyclists earn more than professors |work=Premium Times |date=13 August 2026 |author=Chinagorom Ugwu}}</ref> == Bincike da wallafe-wallafe == Nwaeze ya wallafa bincike kan batutuwan da suka shafi tattalin arziƙin Najeriya da na ƙasashe masu tasowa. Daga cikin ayyukansa akwai bincike kan tasirin [[FDI|zuba jarin waje kai tsaye]] da ci gaban tattalin arziƙi, manufofin kuɗi, kashe kuɗin gwamnati, samar da aikin yi da muhalli.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Accounting for the symmetric and asymmetric effects of FDI-growth nexus amidst financial crises, economic crises and COVID-19 pandemic: application of hidden co-integration |journal=Scientific Reports |year=2022 |author=Nnamdi Chinwendu Nwaeze et al.}}</ref> A shekarar 2019, ya wallafa bincike mai taken ''Does Government Expenditure Stimulate Employment Generation? A Disaggregated Empirical Evidence from the Nigerian Economy'', wanda ya yi nazari kan alaƙar kashe kuɗin gwamnati da samar da aikin yi a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Does Government Expenditure Stimulate Employment Generation? A Disaggregated Empirical Evidence from the Nigerian Economy |journal=Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development |volume=10 |issue=16 |year=2019 |author=Nnamdi Chinwendu Nwaeze}}</ref> A wani bincike na shekarar 2019, ya kuma yi nazari kan tsarin isar da manufofin kuɗi da tasirinsu ga ci gaban tattalin arziƙin Najeriya.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Economic Growth and Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanism: An Empirical Assessment of Nigeria |journal=Research Journal of Finance and Accounting |volume=10 |issue=18 |year=2019 |author=Nnamdi Chinwendu Nwaeze}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, ya wallafa bincike kan tushen makamashi, ci gaban tattalin arziƙi da ingancin muhalli a ƙasashen [[West African Monetary Zone]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Application of a Heterogeneous Panel Non-Linear Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) on Energy Sources, Economic Growth and Environmental Quality in West African Monetary Zones (WAMZ) |journal=Greener Journal of Economics and Accountancy |volume=9 |issue=1 |year=2021 |author=Nnamdi Chinwendu Nwaeze}}</ref> == Aikin gudanarwa a ABSU == Nwaeze ya kasance Daraktan '''Information and Communication Services (ICS)''' na Abia State University. Ya fara riƙe wannan matsayi a watan Agustan 2021 kuma ya sauka daga mukamin a watan Fabrairun 2026, bayan kusan shekaru biyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=ABSU ICS Director bows out after five years |work=The Nation |date=12 February 2026 |author=Caleb Okechukwu}}</ref> A lokacin da yake jagorantar sashen, an danganta shi da wasu sauye-sauyen fasaha a jami'ar, ciki har da inganta tsarin yanar gizon jami'ar da samar da ''ABSU QUICK Check App'', wanda aka ƙera domin sauƙaƙa tantance ɗalibai.<ref>{{cite news |title=ABSU ICS Director bows out after five years |work=The Nation |date=12 February 2026 |author=Caleb Okechukwu}}</ref> == Dakatarwa da komawa aiki a shekarar 2026 == A watan Agustan 2026, shugabancin Abia State University ya sanar da dakatar da Nwaeze daga aiki bayan wasu wallafe-wallafen da aka danganta da shi a kafafen sada zumunta game da yanayin albashi da jin daɗin malaman jami'ar. Jami'ar ta ce ta kafa kwamitin bincike domin duba lamarin.<ref>{{cite news |title=Abia varsity suspends lecturer over Facebook post on workers’ pay |work=Punch |date=13 August 2026 |author=Sunday Nwakanma}}</ref> A lokacin da aka sanar da dakatarwar, majiyoyi sun bayyana Nwaeze a matsayin farfesa a Sashen Tattalin Arziƙi na ABSU.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nigerian university suspends lecturer for claiming tricyclists earn more than professors |work=Premium Times |date=13 August 2026 |author=Chinagorom Ugwu}}</ref> A watan Satumban 2026, shugabancin jami'ar ya ɗage dakatarwar tare da mayar da shi aiki, yayin da binciken kwamitin jami'ar kan lamarin ya ci gaba.<ref>{{cite news |title=ABSU Lifts the Suspension of Professor Nnamdi Nwaeze |work=Tuition Daily |date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Littattafai == Daga cikin littattafan da aka danganta da Nwaeze akwai: * ''Handbook on Industrial Economics'' (2020). * ''Handbook on Inferential Statistics'' (2019). * ''Political Economy: An Old Concept in a New World Order'' (2018). * ''Dynamics of Development: Conceptualization, Problems and Policies'' (2018).<ref>{{cite web |title=Nnamdi Nwaeze |work=LinkedIn |access-date=2026-10-01}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Abia State University]] * [[Tattalin arziƙi]] * [[Tattalin arziƙin Najeriya]] * [[Development economics|Tattalin arziƙin ci gaba]] * [[Macroeconomics|Manyan tattalin arziƙi]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Malaman jami'a na Najeriya]] [[Category:Masanan tattalin arziƙin Najeriya]] [[Category:Malaman Abia State University]] [[Category:Mutanen Jihar Abia]] [[Category:Abia State University]] [[Category:Masana tattalin arziƙi]] [[Category:Masu binciken tattalin arziƙi]] bu3lveg6wcaji4tfciz03xkko0dds6v 0 177807 961621 2026-10-01T23:40:55Z Baffa ali 47435 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364241170|Jillian Murray]]" 961621 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jillian Murray''' (an haife ta a ranar 4 ga Yuni, 1984) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jillian Murphy |url=https://playback.fm/person/jillian-murray |access-date=February 15, 2025 |website=Playback.fm}}</ref> 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka. An san ta da rawar da ta taka a matsayin Portlyn a kan Sonny tare da Chance, Olivia a kan MTV's Awkward, Gwen Adams a ''Makarantar Sakandare ta Amurka'', Lex Mitchell a cikin Forget Me Not, Brandi Cox a cikin Wild Things: Foursome, kuma a matsayin samfurin jiki ga Dr. Liara T'Soni don jerin wasannin bidiyo na Mass Effect. Ta buga Dr. Heather Pinkney a cikin lokutan farko biyu na wasan kwaikwayo na kiwon lafiya na [[CBS]] Code Black . An yi amfani da fuskar Murray da jikinta a matsayin abin koyi ga halin Liara T'Soni a cikin ƙungiyar wasannin bidiyo ta Mass Effect . [1] Ta fito a shirin farko na farfaɗo da shirin gaskiya na 2011 mai suna Fear Factor [2] (inda ta zo ta biyu kuma ta rasa kambun matsayi na farko saboda abokin aikinta ya faɗi).An yi amfani da fuskar Murray da jikinta a matsayin abin koyi ga halin Liara T'Soni a cikin ƙungiyar wasannin bidiyo ta Mass Effect . [1] Ta fito a shirin farko na farfaɗo da shirin gaskiya na 2011 mai suna Fear Factor [2] (inda ta zo ta biyu kuma ta rasa kambun matsayi na farko saboda abokin aikinta ya faɗi). == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Murray a Reading, Pennsylvania, kuma ya girma a Wyomissing a cikin Berks County, Pennsylvania . A shekara ta 1998, ita da iyayenta suka koma Tucson, Arizona; Murray daga baya ya koma Los Angeles don neman aiki a fim. == Ayyuka == Murray ta fara fim dinta a fim din mai zaman kansa na 2003 mai suna ''Deep Toad'' a matsayin Natashia . Daga baya aka jefa ta a cikin Fifty Pills a matsayin Jayne, sannan Legacy, wanda aka fi sani da Pretty Little Devils. Matsayinta na farko ya kasance a cikin The Fun Park, fim mai ban tsoro na 2007, yana wasa da yarinya mara hankali. A shekara ta 2009, Murray ta nuna Gwen Adams a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na ''Makarantar Sakandare ta Amurka'' . Daga baya ta taka rawar Heather a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na An American Carol, Abby Graves a cikin ban tsoro na al'ada The Graves, <ref>{{Cite web |last=MrDisgusting |date=April 2, 2009 |title=Second Teaser One Sheet For 'The Graves' |url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/news/15787/second-teaser-one-sheet-for-the-graves/ |access-date=2016-01-13 |website=[[Bloody Disgusting]]}}</ref> da Lex Mitchell a Forget Me Not . Murray ya fito a cikin wani muhimmin matsayi a cikin shirin Disney Channel na asali mai suna ''Sonny with a Chance'', inda ya fito a matsayin Portlyn. An ba ta damar yin rawar da ta saba yi a shirin bayan kashi na 4, amma ta ƙi saboda tayin fina-finai da yawa da ke kan tebur. Ta sami matsayin mace a cikin barkwancin ''Cougar Hunting'' inda ta taka rawar Penelope ('yar Lara Flynn Boyle ), da kuma matsayin mace a cikin fim ɗinta na farko a cikin ''Wild Things: Foursome'' wanda ya taka rawar Brandi Cox. Bayan kammala wannan fim ɗin a shekarar 2010, an ba ta kyautar mace a fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna ''Never Back Down 2: The Beatdown,'' wanda ya fito a matsayin Eve. Wannan fim ɗin ne ya haɗu da saurayinta na dogon lokaci Dean Geyer .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=January 2016}} An yi amfani da fuskar Murray da jikinta a matsayin abin koyi ga halin Liara T'Soni a cikin ƙungiyar wasannin bidiyo ta ''Mass Effect'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jilliam Murray Interview |url=http://www.masseffectlegion.com/site/jillian-murray-interview/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304212436/http://www.masseffectlegion.com/site/jillian-murray-interview/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=2016-01-13 |website=masseffectlegion.com}}</ref> Ta fito a shirin farko na farfaɗo da shirin gaskiya na 2011 ''mai suna Fear Factor'' (inda ta zo ta biyu kuma ta rasa kambun matsayi na farko saboda abokin aikinta ya faɗi). A shekarar 2012, Murray ya fito a fim tare da Danny Trejo da Ron Perlman a cikin fim ɗin ''Bad Ass'', kuma an saka shi a cikin fim ɗin ban tsoro ''Cabin Fever: Patient Zero'' . Ta kuma shirya fim ɗinta na farko, ''Visible Scars'', kuma ta fito a fim ɗin tare da [[Tom Sizemore]] . Ta samu matsayi a cikin shirin MTV mai suna ''Awkward'' inda ta taka rawar Olivia. A shekarar 2013 ta fito da fina-finai da dama na indie, ciki har da ''Mantervention'', ''Windsor Drive'', da ''My Favorite Five'' . A ƙarshen shekarar 2013, ta taka rawar gani a matsayin mace a wani wasan golf mai suna ''The Squeeze'' tare da Jeremy Sumpter, Christopher McDonald da Michael Nouri . A shekarar 2014, an yi wa Murray fim a matsayin Danni, daya daga cikin manyan jarumai a fim din ''Dark Ascension'' (wanda aka yi wa lakabi da ''Welcome to Purgatory'' ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=MrDisgusting |date=June 16, 2014 |title=Jillian Murray Lands Lead In 'Welcome to Purgatory' |url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/indie/3299009/jillian-murray-lands-lead-welcome-purgatory/ |access-date=2016-01-13 |website=[[Bloody Disgusting]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, an zabi Murray a matsayin maimaituwar rawar Dr. Heather Pinkney a cikin shirin [[CBS]] na ''Code Black'' ; a lokacin bazara na 2016 an kara mata matsayi zuwa jerin shirye-shirye na yau da kullun a kakar wasa ta biyu ta shirin. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A shekarar 2010, Murray ya fara soyayya da mawaƙi kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ɗan ƙasar Australiya Dean Geyer . Ma'auratan sun sanar da auransu a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 2016. Sun yi aure a ranar 14 ga Satumba, 2017. A watan Afrilun 2026, ma'auratan suna da juna biyu suna da juna biyu, kuma bayan 'yan watanni a ranar 4 ga Yuli, ta haifi ɗa namiji. <ref>{{Cite web |title=jillianmurrayofficial |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DadpiPfS7YN/ |access-date=July 6, 2026 |website=Instagram |language=en-US}}</ref> == Fim ɗin fim == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |2003 |''Deep Toad'' |Natashia |Uncredited{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2015}} |- | rowspan="2" |2005 |''Fifty Pills'' |Jayne | |- |''One Night With You'' |Brianna | |- |2006 |''The Fun Park'' |Megan Davis |Direct-to-video film |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Legacy'' |Megan Woods |Direct-to-video film; also known as ''Pretty Little Devils'' |- |''An American Carol'' |Heather | |- | rowspan="4" |2009 |''American High School'' |Gwen Adams |Direct-to-video film |- |''Knuckle Draggers'' |Amy |also known as ''Alpha Males Experiment'' |- |''Forget Me Not'' |Lex Mitchell | |- |''The Graves'' |Abby Graves | |- |2010 |''Wild Things: Foursome'' |Brandi Cox |Direct-to-video film |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Never Back Down 2: The Beatdown'' |Eve | |- |''Cougar Hunting'' |Penelope | |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |''Bad Ass'' |Lindsay | |- |''Visible Scars'' |Stacy | |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Cabin Fever: Patient Zero'' |Penny | |- |''Mantervention'' |Madisyn | |- | rowspan="3" |2015 |''My Favorite Five'' |Shelly | |- |''The Squeeze'' |Natalie | |- |''Windsor Drive'' |Jordana | |- |2019 |''A Kiss on the Candy Lane'' |Jennifer Monroe |Direct-to-video film |- |2022 |''A Brush With Christmas'' |Charlotte | |- |2022 |''An unlikely angel'' |Janie | |- |2023 |''Christmas Keepsake'' |Elizabeth | |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |2006 |''Drake &amp;amp; Josh'' |Drake's Girl / Cute Girl |Episodes: "The Great Doheny", "I Love Sushi" |- |2007 |''Cheerleader Camp'' |Georgie |Television movie |- |2009 |''Sonny with a Chance'' |Portlyn |4 episodes |- | rowspan="2" |2010 |''Rules of Engagement'' |Young Woman |Episode: "Little Bummer Boy" |- |''The Jace Hall Show'' |Herself |Episodes: "It's All About the 'V'", "Ice-T, Coco and StarCraft 2" |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Awkward.'' |Olivia [Jenna Plus] |Episode: "Jenna Lives" |- |''Fear Factor'' |Herself |Contestant; episode: "Broken Hearts & Blood Baths" |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Down Dog'' |Ms. Berndhardt |Unsold television pilot (Amazon Prime) |- |''Murder in the First'' |Suzy Q |3 episodes |- |2015–2017 |''Code Black'' |Dr. Heather Pinkney |Recurring role (season 1); main role (season 2) |- |2018 |''A Dangerous Date'' |Alexis | rowspan="2" |Television movie |- |2019 |''Prescription for Love'' |Claire Abbott |- |2020 |''Killer Daddy Issues'' |Carrie |Television movie; also known as ''Overlook'' |- |2021 |''Christmas in the Pines'' |Ariel Colt |Television movie |- |2026 |''9-1-1 (TV series)'' |Jane Williams |Episode: "Secrets" |} === Wasanin bidiyo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Lakabi ! Matsayin ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2007 | ''Tasirin Tasirin Tasiri'' | rowspan="3" | Dr. Liara T'Soni | rowspan="3" | Samfurin jiki |- | 2010 | ''Tasirin Tasirin Tasiri na 2'' |- | 2012 | ''Tasirin ...'' |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] omaf70k8x9w1anf8hsfhrc7xdikmn6g 961622 961621 2026-10-01T23:41:28Z Baffa ali 47435 961622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jillian Murray''' (an haife ta a ranar 4 ga Yuni, 1984) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jillian Murphy |url=https://playback.fm/person/jillian-murray |access-date=February 15, 2025 |website=Playback.fm}}</ref> 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka. An san ta da rawar da ta taka a matsayin Portlyn a kan Sonny tare da Chance, Olivia a kan MTV's Awkward, Gwen Adams a ''Makarantar Sakandare ta Amurka'', Lex Mitchell a cikin Forget Me Not, Brandi Cox a cikin Wild Things: Foursome, kuma a matsayin samfurin jiki ga Dr. Liara T'Soni don jerin wasannin bidiyo na Mass Effect. Ta buga Dr. Heather Pinkney a cikin lokutan farko biyu na wasan kwaikwayo na kiwon lafiya na [[CBS]] Code Black . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Murray a Reading, Pennsylvania, kuma ya girma a Wyomissing a cikin Berks County, Pennsylvania . A shekara ta 1998, ita da iyayenta suka koma Tucson, Arizona; Murray daga baya ya koma Los Angeles don neman aiki a fim. == Ayyuka == Murray ta fara fim dinta a fim din mai zaman kansa na 2003 mai suna ''Deep Toad'' a matsayin Natashia . Daga baya aka jefa ta a cikin Fifty Pills a matsayin Jayne, sannan Legacy, wanda aka fi sani da Pretty Little Devils. Matsayinta na farko ya kasance a cikin The Fun Park, fim mai ban tsoro na 2007, yana wasa da yarinya mara hankali. A shekara ta 2009, Murray ta nuna Gwen Adams a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na ''Makarantar Sakandare ta Amurka'' . Daga baya ta taka rawar Heather a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na An American Carol, Abby Graves a cikin ban tsoro na al'ada The Graves, <ref>{{Cite web |last=MrDisgusting |date=April 2, 2009 |title=Second Teaser One Sheet For 'The Graves' |url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/news/15787/second-teaser-one-sheet-for-the-graves/ |access-date=2016-01-13 |website=[[Bloody Disgusting]]}}</ref> da Lex Mitchell a Forget Me Not . Murray ya fito a cikin wani muhimmin matsayi a cikin shirin Disney Channel na asali mai suna ''Sonny with a Chance'', inda ya fito a matsayin Portlyn. An ba ta damar yin rawar da ta saba yi a shirin bayan kashi na 4, amma ta ƙi saboda tayin fina-finai da yawa da ke kan tebur. Ta sami matsayin mace a cikin barkwancin ''Cougar Hunting'' inda ta taka rawar Penelope ('yar Lara Flynn Boyle ), da kuma matsayin mace a cikin fim ɗinta na farko a cikin ''Wild Things: Foursome'' wanda ya taka rawar Brandi Cox. Bayan kammala wannan fim ɗin a shekarar 2010, an ba ta kyautar mace a fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna ''Never Back Down 2: The Beatdown,'' wanda ya fito a matsayin Eve. Wannan fim ɗin ne ya haɗu da saurayinta na dogon lokaci Dean Geyer .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=January 2016}} An yi amfani da fuskar Murray da jikinta a matsayin abin koyi ga halin Liara T'Soni a cikin ƙungiyar wasannin bidiyo ta ''Mass Effect'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jilliam Murray Interview |url=http://www.masseffectlegion.com/site/jillian-murray-interview/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304212436/http://www.masseffectlegion.com/site/jillian-murray-interview/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=2016-01-13 |website=masseffectlegion.com}}</ref> Ta fito a shirin farko na farfaɗo da shirin gaskiya na 2011 ''mai suna Fear Factor'' (inda ta zo ta biyu kuma ta rasa kambun matsayi na farko saboda abokin aikinta ya faɗi). A shekarar 2012, Murray ya fito a fim tare da Danny Trejo da Ron Perlman a cikin fim ɗin ''Bad Ass'', kuma an saka shi a cikin fim ɗin ban tsoro ''Cabin Fever: Patient Zero'' . Ta kuma shirya fim ɗinta na farko, ''Visible Scars'', kuma ta fito a fim ɗin tare da [[Tom Sizemore]] . Ta samu matsayi a cikin shirin MTV mai suna ''Awkward'' inda ta taka rawar Olivia. A shekarar 2013 ta fito da fina-finai da dama na indie, ciki har da ''Mantervention'', ''Windsor Drive'', da ''My Favorite Five'' . A ƙarshen shekarar 2013, ta taka rawar gani a matsayin mace a wani wasan golf mai suna ''The Squeeze'' tare da Jeremy Sumpter, Christopher McDonald da Michael Nouri . A shekarar 2014, an yi wa Murray fim a matsayin Danni, daya daga cikin manyan jarumai a fim din ''Dark Ascension'' (wanda aka yi wa lakabi da ''Welcome to Purgatory'' ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=MrDisgusting |date=June 16, 2014 |title=Jillian Murray Lands Lead In 'Welcome to Purgatory' |url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/indie/3299009/jillian-murray-lands-lead-welcome-purgatory/ |access-date=2016-01-13 |website=[[Bloody Disgusting]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, an zabi Murray a matsayin maimaituwar rawar Dr. Heather Pinkney a cikin shirin [[CBS]] na ''Code Black'' ; a lokacin bazara na 2016 an kara mata matsayi zuwa jerin shirye-shirye na yau da kullun a kakar wasa ta biyu ta shirin. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A shekarar 2010, Murray ya fara soyayya da mawaƙi kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ɗan ƙasar Australiya Dean Geyer . Ma'auratan sun sanar da auransu a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 2016. Sun yi aure a ranar 14 ga Satumba, 2017. A watan Afrilun 2026, ma'auratan suna da juna biyu suna da juna biyu, kuma bayan 'yan watanni a ranar 4 ga Yuli, ta haifi ɗa namiji. <ref>{{Cite web |title=jillianmurrayofficial |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DadpiPfS7YN/ |access-date=July 6, 2026 |website=Instagram |language=en-US}}</ref> == Fim ɗin fim == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |2003 |''Deep Toad'' |Natashia |Uncredited{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2015}} |- | rowspan="2" |2005 |''Fifty Pills'' |Jayne | |- |''One Night With You'' |Brianna | |- |2006 |''The Fun Park'' |Megan Davis |Direct-to-video film |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Legacy'' |Megan Woods |Direct-to-video film; also known as ''Pretty Little Devils'' |- |''An American Carol'' |Heather | |- | rowspan="4" |2009 |''American High School'' |Gwen Adams |Direct-to-video film |- |''Knuckle Draggers'' |Amy |also known as ''Alpha Males Experiment'' |- |''Forget Me Not'' |Lex Mitchell | |- |''The Graves'' |Abby Graves | |- |2010 |''Wild Things: Foursome'' |Brandi Cox |Direct-to-video film |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Never Back Down 2: The Beatdown'' |Eve | |- |''Cougar Hunting'' |Penelope | |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |''Bad Ass'' |Lindsay | |- |''Visible Scars'' |Stacy | |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Cabin Fever: Patient Zero'' |Penny | |- |''Mantervention'' |Madisyn | |- | rowspan="3" |2015 |''My Favorite Five'' |Shelly | |- |''The Squeeze'' |Natalie | |- |''Windsor Drive'' |Jordana | |- |2019 |''A Kiss on the Candy Lane'' |Jennifer Monroe |Direct-to-video film |- |2022 |''A Brush With Christmas'' |Charlotte | |- |2022 |''An unlikely angel'' |Janie | |- |2023 |''Christmas Keepsake'' |Elizabeth | |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |2006 |''Drake &amp;amp; Josh'' |Drake's Girl / Cute Girl |Episodes: "The Great Doheny", "I Love Sushi" |- |2007 |''Cheerleader Camp'' |Georgie |Television movie |- |2009 |''Sonny with a Chance'' |Portlyn |4 episodes |- | rowspan="2" |2010 |''Rules of Engagement'' |Young Woman |Episode: "Little Bummer Boy" |- |''The Jace Hall Show'' |Herself |Episodes: "It's All About the 'V'", "Ice-T, Coco and StarCraft 2" |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Awkward.'' |Olivia [Jenna Plus] |Episode: "Jenna Lives" |- |''Fear Factor'' |Herself |Contestant; episode: "Broken Hearts & Blood Baths" |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Down Dog'' |Ms. Berndhardt |Unsold television pilot (Amazon Prime) |- |''Murder in the First'' |Suzy Q |3 episodes |- |2015–2017 |''Code Black'' |Dr. Heather Pinkney |Recurring role (season 1); main role (season 2) |- |2018 |''A Dangerous Date'' |Alexis | rowspan="2" |Television movie |- |2019 |''Prescription for Love'' |Claire Abbott |- |2020 |''Killer Daddy Issues'' |Carrie |Television movie; also known as ''Overlook'' |- |2021 |''Christmas in the Pines'' |Ariel Colt |Television movie |- |2026 |''9-1-1 (TV series)'' |Jane Williams |Episode: "Secrets" |} === Wasanin bidiyo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Lakabi ! Matsayin ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2007 | ''Tasirin Tasirin Tasiri'' | rowspan="3" | Dr. Liara T'Soni | rowspan="3" | Samfurin jiki |- | 2010 | ''Tasirin Tasirin Tasiri na 2'' |- | 2012 | ''Tasirin ...'' |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] s2mrc17ill1apzjlh73sfd12gyx8wmc 961716 961622 2026-10-02T06:21:12Z Baffa ali 47435 961716 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jillian Murray''' (an haife ta a ranar 4 ga watan Yuni, a shekarar 1984) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jillian Murphy |url=https://playback.fm/person/jillian-murray |access-date=February 15, 2025 |website=Playback.fm}}</ref> 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka. An san ta da rawar da ta taka a matsayin Portlyn a kan Sonny tare da Chance, Olivia a kan MTV's Awkward, Gwen Adams a ''Makarantar Sakandare ta Amurka'', Lex Mitchell a cikin Forget Me Not, Brandi Cox a cikin Wild Things: Foursome, kuma a matsayin samfurin jiki ga Dr. Liara T'Soni don jerin wasannin bidiyo na Mass Effect. Ta buga Dr. Heather Pinkney a cikin lokutan farko biyu na wasan kwaikwayo na kiwon lafiya na [[CBS]] Code Black . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Murray a Reading, Pennsylvania, kuma ya girma a Wyomissing a cikin Berks County, Pennsylvania . A shekara ta 1998, ita da iyayenta suka koma Tucson, Arizona; Murray daga baya ya koma Los Angeles don neman aiki a fim. == Ayyuka == Murray ta fara fim dinta a fim din mai zaman kansa na shekarar 2003 mai suna ''Deep Toad'' a matsayin Natashia . Daga baya aka jefa ta a cikin Fifty Pills a matsayin Jayne, sannan Legacy, wanda aka fi sani da Pretty Little Devils. Matsayinta na farko ya kasance a cikin The Fun Park, fim mai ban tsoro na shekarar 2007, yana wasa da yarinya mara hankali. A shekara ta 2009, Murray ta nuna Gwen Adams a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na ''Makarantar Sakandare ta Amurka'' . Daga baya ta taka rawar Heather a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na An American Carol, Abby Graves a cikin ban tsoro na al'ada The Graves, <ref>{{Cite web |last=MrDisgusting |date=April 2, 2009 |title=Second Teaser One Sheet For 'The Graves' |url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/news/15787/second-teaser-one-sheet-for-the-graves/ |access-date=2016-01-13 |website=[[Bloody Disgusting]]}}</ref> da Lex Mitchell a Forget Me Not . Murray ya fito a cikin wani muhimmin matsayi a cikin shirin Disney Channel na asali mai suna ''Sonny with a Chance'', inda ya fito a matsayin Portlyn. An ba ta damar yin rawar da ta saba yi a shirin bayan kashi na 4, amma ta ƙi saboda tayin fina-finai da yawa da ke kan tebur. Ta sami matsayin mace a cikin barkwancin ''Cougar Hunting'' inda ta taka rawar Penelope ('yar Lara Flynn Boyle ), da kuma matsayin mace a cikin fim ɗinta na farko a cikin ''Wild Things: Foursome'' wanda ya taka rawar Brandi Cox. Bayan kammala wannan fim ɗin a shekarar 2010, an ba ta kyautar mace a fim ɗinta na biyu mai suna ''Never Back Down 2: The Beatdown,'' wanda ya fito a matsayin Eve. Wannan fim ɗin ne ya haɗu da saurayinta na dogon lokaci Dean Geyer .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=January 2016}} An yi amfani da fuskar Murray da jikinta a matsayin abin koyi ga halin Liara T'Soni a cikin ƙungiyar wasannin bidiyo ta ''Mass Effect'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jilliam Murray Interview |url=http://www.masseffectlegion.com/site/jillian-murray-interview/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304212436/http://www.masseffectlegion.com/site/jillian-murray-interview/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=2016-01-13 |website=masseffectlegion.com}}</ref> Ta fito a shirin farko na farfaɗo da shirin gaskiya na 2011 ''mai suna Fear Factor'' (inda ta zo ta biyu kuma ta rasa kambun matsayi na farko saboda abokin aikinta ya faɗi). A shekarar 2012, Murray ya fito a fim tare da Danny Trejo da Ron Perlman a cikin fim ɗin ''Bad Ass'', kuma an saka shi a cikin fim ɗin ban tsoro ''Cabin Fever: Patient Zero'' . Ta kuma shirya fim ɗinta na farko, ''Visible Scars'', kuma ta fito a fim ɗin tare da [[Tom Sizemore]] . Ta samu matsayi a cikin shirin MTV mai suna ''Awkward'' inda ta taka rawar Olivia. A shekarar 2013 ta fito da fina-finai da dama na indie, ciki har da ''Mantervention'', ''Windsor Drive'', da ''My Favorite Five'' . A ƙarshen shekarar 2013, ta taka rawar gani a matsayin mace a wani wasan golf mai suna ''The Squeeze'' tare da Jeremy Sumpter, Christopher McDonald da Michael Nouri . A shekarar 2014, an yi wa Murray fim a matsayin Danni, daya daga cikin manyan jarumai a fim din ''Dark Ascension'' (wanda aka yi wa lakabi da ''Welcome to Purgatory'' ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=MrDisgusting |date=June 16, 2014 |title=Jillian Murray Lands Lead In 'Welcome to Purgatory' |url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/indie/3299009/jillian-murray-lands-lead-welcome-purgatory/ |access-date=2016-01-13 |website=[[Bloody Disgusting]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, an zabi Murray a matsayin maimaituwar rawar Dr. Heather Pinkney a cikin shirin [[CBS]] na ''Code Black'' ; a lokacin bazara na 2016 an kara mata matsayi zuwa jerin shirye-shirye na yau da kullun a kakar wasa ta biyu ta shirin. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A shekarar 2010, Murray ya fara soyayya da mawaƙi kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ɗan ƙasar Australiya Dean Geyer . Ma'auratan sun sanar da auransu a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, a shekarar 2016. Sun yi aure a ranar 14 ga Watan Satumba, shekara ta 2017. A watan Afrilun shekarar 2026, ma'auratan suna da juna biyu suna da juna biyu, kuma bayan 'yan watanni a ranar 4 ga Yuli, ta haifi ɗa namiji. <ref>{{Cite web |title=jillianmurrayofficial |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DadpiPfS7YN/ |access-date=July 6, 2026 |website=Instagram |language=en-US}}</ref> == Fim ɗin fim == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |2003 |''Deep Toad'' |Natashia |Uncredited{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2015}} |- | rowspan="2" |2005 |''Fifty Pills'' |Jayne | |- |''One Night With You'' |Brianna | |- |2006 |''The Fun Park'' |Megan Davis |Direct-to-video film |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Legacy'' |Megan Woods |Direct-to-video film; also known as ''Pretty Little Devils'' |- |''An American Carol'' |Heather | |- | rowspan="4" |2009 |''American High School'' |Gwen Adams |Direct-to-video film |- |''Knuckle Draggers'' |Amy |also known as ''Alpha Males Experiment'' |- |''Forget Me Not'' |Lex Mitchell | |- |''The Graves'' |Abby Graves | |- |2010 |''Wild Things: Foursome'' |Brandi Cox |Direct-to-video film |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Never Back Down 2: The Beatdown'' |Eve | |- |''Cougar Hunting'' |Penelope | |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |''Bad Ass'' |Lindsay | |- |''Visible Scars'' |Stacy | |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Cabin Fever: Patient Zero'' |Penny | |- |''Mantervention'' |Madisyn | |- | rowspan="3" |2015 |''My Favorite Five'' |Shelly | |- |''The Squeeze'' |Natalie | |- |''Windsor Drive'' |Jordana | |- |2019 |''A Kiss on the Candy Lane'' |Jennifer Monroe |Direct-to-video film |- |2022 |''A Brush With Christmas'' |Charlotte | |- |2022 |''An unlikely angel'' |Janie | |- |2023 |''Christmas Keepsake'' |Elizabeth | |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |2006 |''Drake &amp;amp; Josh'' |Drake's Girl / Cute Girl |Episodes: "The Great Doheny", "I Love Sushi" |- |2007 |''Cheerleader Camp'' |Georgie |Television movie |- |2009 |''Sonny with a Chance'' |Portlyn |4 episodes |- | rowspan="2" |2010 |''Rules of Engagement'' |Young Woman |Episode: "Little Bummer Boy" |- |''The Jace Hall Show'' |Herself |Episodes: "It's All About the 'V'", "Ice-T, Coco and StarCraft 2" |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |''Awkward.'' |Olivia [Jenna Plus] |Episode: "Jenna Lives" |- |''Fear Factor'' |Herself |Contestant; episode: "Broken Hearts & Blood Baths" |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Down Dog'' |Ms. Berndhardt |Unsold television pilot (Amazon Prime) |- |''Murder in the First'' |Suzy Q |3 episodes |- |2015–2017 |''Code Black'' |Dr. Heather Pinkney |Recurring role (season 1); main role (season 2) |- |2018 |''A Dangerous Date'' |Alexis | rowspan="2" |Television movie |- |2019 |''Prescription for Love'' |Claire Abbott |- |2020 |''Killer Daddy Issues'' |Carrie |Television movie; also known as ''Overlook'' |- |2021 |''Christmas in the Pines'' |Ariel Colt |Television movie |- |2026 |''9-1-1 (TV series)'' |Jane Williams |Episode: "Secrets" |} === Wasanin bidiyo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Lakabi ! Matsayin ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2007 | ''Tasirin Tasirin Tasiri'' | rowspan="3" | Dr. Liara T'Soni | rowspan="3" | Samfurin jiki |- | 2010 | ''Tasirin Tasirin Tasiri na 2'' |- | 2012 | ''Tasirin ...'' |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1984]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] m2294nwm5i1hclf7iu1twrtlqwo6j34 0 177808 961652 2026-10-02T04:29:24Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Dadin Kowa | settlement_type = Town | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Yamaltu/Deba | postal_code = 762103 }} '''Dadin Kowa''' gari ne da ke cikin [[Yamaltu/Deba|Ƙaramar Hukumar Yamaltu/Deba]] ta [[Jihar Gombe]], a arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Garin yana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da [[Dadin Kowa Dam]], wadda take a yankin kuma ke da muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da ruwa, ban ruwa da wutar lantarki.<ref>{{cite news |... 961652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Dadin Kowa | settlement_type = Town | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Yamaltu/Deba | postal_code = 762103 }} '''Dadin Kowa''' gari ne da ke cikin [[Yamaltu/Deba|Ƙaramar Hukumar Yamaltu/Deba]] ta [[Jihar Gombe]], a arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Garin yana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da [[Dadin Kowa Dam]], wadda take a yankin kuma ke da muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da ruwa, ban ruwa da wutar lantarki.<ref>{{cite news |title=FG Commission's 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Dadin Kowa na daga cikin wuraren da suka amfana da ayyukan [[Dadin Kowa Dam]]. Madatsar ruwan tana kan [[Kogin Gongola]] a Jihar Gombe, kuma an tsara ta ne domin amfani da ruwa wajen ban ruwa, samar da ruwan sha da samar da wutar lantarki.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Irrigation Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dkowairrigation.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi == An fara tunanin amfani da yankin Dadin Kowa wajen aikin samar da wutar lantarki tun shekarun farko na bayan samun 'yancin kan Najeriya. Aikin madatsar ruwan daga baya ya samu kwangila a shekarar 1980, kuma an kaddamar da madatsar ruwan a shekarar 1988.<ref>{{cite news |title=3 Years After Completion, 40mw Dadin-Kowa Hydropower Plant Dormant |url=https://www.dailytrustfoundation.org/electricity/3-years-after-completion-40mw-dadin-kowa-hydropower-plant-dormant/ |work=Daily Trust Foundation |date=7 November 2022 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Dadin Kowa ya shahara musamman saboda madatsar ruwan da ke kusa da garin. Dadin Kowa Dam na daga cikin manyan ayyukan samar da ruwa da Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority ke kula da su a yankin arewa maso gabashin Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Irrigation Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dkowairrigation.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Dadin Kowa Dam == [[Dadin Kowa Dam]] tana cikin [[Yamaltu/Deba|Ƙaramar Hukumar Yamaltu/Deba]] ta Jihar Gombe, kuma tana kan Kogin Gongola. An gina madatsar ne domin ta kasance aikin amfani da ruwa ta hanyoyi da dama, musamman ban ruwa, samar da ruwan sha da samar da wutar lantarki.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dadinkowa.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Madatsar ruwan tana da tafki mai girman fili kusan kilomita murabba'i 300, kuma bayanan da aka wallafa kan aikin sun nuna cewa an tsara shi ne da damar adana ruwa mai yawa domin tallafa wa ayyukan ban ruwa da sauran amfani da ruwa.<ref>{{cite news |title=3 Years After Completion, 40mw Dadin-Kowa Hydropower Plant Dormant |url=https://www.dailytrustfoundation.org/electricity/3-years-after-completion-40mw-dadin-kowa-hydropower-plant-dormant/ |work=Daily Trust Foundation |date=7 November 2022 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Wutar lantarki == Aikin samar da wutar lantarki na Dadin Kowa yana da ƙarfin samar da '''megawatt 40 (40 MW)'''. Gwamnatin Tarayya ta ƙaddamar da aikin a watan Mayun 2023, bayan an kammala aikin samar da wutar lantarkin da aka haɗa da madatsar ruwan Dadin Kowa.<ref>{{cite news |title=FG Commission's 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A lokacin ƙaddamar da aikin, an bayyana cewa tashar wutar lantarkin za ta taimaka wajen samar da makamashi ga al'ummomi da kamfanonin da ke yankin. An kuma bayyana aikin a matsayin wani muhimmin ɓangare na Dadin Kowa Multipurpose Dam.<ref>{{cite news |title=Govt commissions 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/govt-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=23 May 2023 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Ban ruwa == Dadin Kowa Dam tana da muhimmiyar rawa wajen ban ruwa. Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority ta bayyana cewa jimillar yankin da aka gano a baya domin ban ruwa daga ruwan tafkin Dadin Kowa ya kai kusan hekta 30,000, wanda ya haɗa da yankunan Gombe da Borno da kuma wani ɓangare da ya shafi Adamawa da Borno.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Irrigation Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dkowairrigation.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A karkashin shirin TRIMING na Bankin Duniya, Dadin Kowa na daga cikin manyan ayyukan ban ruwa da aka zaɓa domin inganta samun ruwan ban ruwa da magudanan ruwa. Bayanai na hukuma sun ce shirin yana gudanar da ƙira da gina wani yanki na hekta 3,000 a ƙarƙashin tsarin Dadin Kowa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Irrigation Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dkowairrigation.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Samar da ruwa == Dadin Kowa Dam tana daga cikin ayyukan da aka tsara domin samar da ruwan sha ga Gombe da yankunan da ke kewaye. A lokacin ƙaddamar da aikin wutar lantarkin Dadin Kowa, an bayyana cewa madatsar tana da alaƙa da samar da ruwan da ya kai miliyoyin lita a kowace rana.<ref>{{cite news |title=FG Commission's 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tsaron madatsar ruwa == A watan Satumbar 2024, Ministan Albarkatun Ruwa da Tsaftar Muhalli na Najeriya ya duba Dadin Kowa Dam tare da tawagar masana, inda ya ce madatsar ruwan tana cikin yanayi mai kyau kuma babu wata barazana ga aikinta. Ma'aikatar ta kuma bayyana cewa ana gudanar da sa ido da bincike akai-akai domin tabbatar da tsaron madatsar ruwan.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Dam is Secure and Fully Functional, Says Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation |url=https://fmino.gov.ng/dadin-kowa-dam-is-secure-and-fully-functional-says-minister-of-water-resources-and-sanitation/ |website=Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation |date=4 September 2024 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma, a watan Oktoban 2024, wani kwamitin fasaha na Gwamnatin Tarayya ya gudanar da bincike kan wasu madatsun ruwa, ciki har da Dadin Kowa Dam, kuma jami'in kula da madatsun ruwa da tafkunan ruwa ya bayyana cewa Dadin Kowa Dam tana cikin aminci.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gombe, Bauchi dams safe, Delta viable – FG |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-bauchi-dams-safe-delta-viable-fg/ |work=Punch Newspapers |date=25 October 2024 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Ambaliyar ruwa == A watan Agustan 2025, Hukumar Ba da Agajin Gaggawa ta Ƙasa (NEMA) ta gudanar da gangamin wayar da kan jama'a a Yamaltu/Deba kan shirin tunkarar ambaliyar ruwa. A yayin aikin, jami'an NEMA sun duba matakin ruwan Dadin Kowa Dam domin sa ido kan yanayin ruwan a lokacin damina.<ref>{{cite web |title=NEMA Leads Flood Preparedness Campaign in Yamaltu Deba LGA, Monitors Water Level at Dadin Kowa Dam, Gombe State |url=https://nema.gov.ng/nema-leads-flood-preparedness-campaign-in-yamaltu-deba-lga-monitors-water-level-at-dadin-kowa-dam-gombe-state/ |website=National Emergency Management Agency |date=6 August 2025 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> NEMA ta bayyana cewa a lokacin binciken watan Agustan 2025, matakin ruwan madatsar yana cikin iyakar da aka ɗauka lafiya, duk da cewa an lura da ƙarin ruwa sakamakon yawan ruwan sama. Hukumar ta kuma bukaci mazauna yankin su kula da gargadin hukumomin da suka dace.<ref>{{cite web |title=NEMA Leads Flood Preparedness Campaign in Yamaltu Deba LGA, Monitors Water Level at Dadin Kowa Dam, Gombe State |url=https://nema.gov.ng/nema-leads-flood-preparedness-campaign-in-yamaltu-deba-lga-monitors-water-level-at-dadin-kowa-dam-gombe-state/ |website=National Emergency Management Agency |date=6 August 2025 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tattalin arziki == Ayyukan Dadin Kowa Dam suna da alaƙa da noma, ban ruwa, samar da ruwa da wutar lantarki. Aikin wutar lantarki na 40 MW da aka ƙaddamar a 2023 an bayyana shi a matsayin aikin da zai taimaka wajen bunƙasa ƙananan masana'antu, samar da ayyukan yi da ƙarfafa tattalin arzikin yankin.<ref>{{cite news |title=FG Commission's 40 megawatts hydropower project in Gombe |url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-commissions-40-megawatts-hydropower-project-in-gombe/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=22 May 2023 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Noman ban ruwa da ake gudanarwa a ƙarƙashin tsarin Dadin Kowa yana daga cikin ayyukan da ake son faɗaɗawa domin ƙara yawan amfanin gona da inganta rayuwar manoma a yankin. Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority ta bayyana cewa shirin TRIMING yana daga cikin ayyukan da ake amfani da su wajen inganta tsarin ban ruwan Dadin Kowa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dadin-Kowa Irrigation Project |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/dkowairrigation.php |website=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Dadin Kowa Dam]] * [[Yamaltu/Deba]] * [[Jihar Gombe]] * [[Kogin Gongola]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Ƙauyuka a Jihar Gombe]] [[Category:Yamaltu/Deba]] [[Category:Wuraren zama a Jihar Gombe]] [[Category:Ƙauyuka a Najeriya]] s1cof9wb8t0bhp1cvztl2h1j4xse4x8 0 177809 961653 2026-10-02T04:33:16Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Nyuwar | settlement_type = Community | official_name = Nyuwar | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]] | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 761117 / 761123 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Nyuwar''' wata al'umma ce da ke cikin Balanga... 961653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Nyuwar | settlement_type = Community | official_name = Nyuwar | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]] | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 761117 / 761123 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Nyuwar''' wata al'umma ce da ke cikin [[Balanga Local Government Area|Ƙaramar Hukumar Balanga]] ta [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Nyuwar tana cikin yankin da ke da alaka da al'ummar Longuda, kuma ana samun ƙauyuka da dama a ƙarƙashin yankin Nyuwar. Bayanai kan rarrabuwar yankin sun nuna cewa Nyuwar tana cikin Balanga kuma tana da lambar gidan waya da ta shafi wasu ƙauyukanta. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin gudanar da zaɓe na [[Independent National Electoral Commission]] (INEC), Nyuwar tana cikin [[Nyuwar/Jessu]] Registration Area na Balanga Local Government Area. Kundin INEC ya nuna cewa Nyuwar/Jessu ita ce Registration Area mai lamba 08 a Balanga, kuma tana da rumfunan zaɓe 16. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PUDirectory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Yankin Nyuwar yana da ƙauyuka da dama. Daga cikin ƙauyukan da aka lissafa ƙarƙashin Nyuwar akwai Chunyi, Gilengitu da Gulnyimora, yayin da wani ɓangare na jerin ƙauyukan Nyuwar ya haɗa Jakure, Pwalali, Tsibo, Tswaku da Unguwan Lilani. Bayanan lambar gidan waya ma sun danganta waɗannan ƙauyuka da yankin Nyuwar na Balanga. <ref>{{cite web |title=Browse Postcode - 761117 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/761117/ |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Nyuwar tana cikin yankin da harshen [[Longuda language|Longuda]] ke da muhimmiyar alaƙa da shi. Wani bincike kan harsunan Najeriya ya bayyana Nyuwar a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ake samun Lunguda a Gombe State. Binciken ya kuma nuna cewa Gombe State tana da harsuna daban-daban, kuma wasu daga cikin harsunan suna da takamaiman wuraren da suka fi yaduwa. <ref>{{cite web |title=Linguistic Survey of Nigerian Languages |url=https://jolan.com.ng/index.php/home/article/download/45/40 |publisher=Journal of Linguistic Association of Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin binciken harsunan Adamawa, an danganta Nyuwar da wani reshe na Longuda da ake kira '''Gwaanda (Nyuwar)'''. Wannan bayanin yana nuna cewa sunan Nyuwar ba kawai suna ne na wata al'umma ba, har ma yana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da rarrabuwar harshe da al'adun Longuda. <ref>{{cite web |title=Longuda language |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longuda_language |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Nyuwar ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da rikicin al'umma ya shafa a yankin Balanga. Jaridar *The Guardian Nigeria* ta ruwaito cewa an kai hari a Nyuwar da Heme, inda aka kashe mutane tare da kona gidaje da kadarori. Rahoton ya ce lamarin ya jawo matakan tsaro da kuma sanya dokar hana fita a yankin. <ref>{{cite news |title=Death toll rises to 19 in Gombe communal clash |url=https://guardian.ng/news/death-toll-rises-to-19-in-gombe-communal-clash/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=15 April 2021 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Rahoton *Daily Trust* ya kuma bayyana cewa jami'an tsaro sun kama wasu mutane a Nyuwar dangane da rikicin da ya faru tsakanin al'ummomin Lunguda da Waja a yankin Balanga da ke iyakar Gombe da Adamawa. Rahoton ya ce an kama mutanen ne a yayin aikin haɗin gwiwa na jami'an Sojojin Najeriya da 'yan sandan Najeriya. <ref>{{cite news |title=Police arrest 4 people over Lunguda/Waja communal clash |url=https://dailytrust.com/police-arrest-4-people-over-lunguda-waja-communal-clash/ |work=Daily Trust |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Yanayin ƙasa na yankin Nyuwar da Jessu yana da tsaunuka kuma samun hanyoyin mota masu kyau ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙalubalen da aka ruwaito game da yankin. Jaridar *Tribune Online* ta bayyana Nyuwar da Jessu a matsayin yankunan da ke da tudu da tsaunuka, tare da matsalolin hanyoyin sufuri. <ref>{{cite news |title=How assailants killed our people, burned our houses, Gombe villagers recount horror attacks |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/how-assailants-killed-our-people-burned-our-houses-gombe-villagers-recount-horror-attacks/ |work=Tribune Online |date=24 April 2021 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma, takardun kasafin kuɗin Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe sun ambaci '''Jessu Health Clinic in Nyuwar Ward, Balanga LGA''' a cikin ayyukan kiwon lafiya da aka ware kuɗin gyarawa. Wannan ya tabbatar da amfani da sunan Nyuwar a matsayin wani yanki na gudanarwa a cikin Balanga Local Government Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gombe State Government 2022 Approved Budget Summary |url=https://www.gombestate.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/approved-gombe-state-goverment-2022-budget-ncoa.pdf |publisher=Gombe State Government |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Balanga Local Government Area]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Longuda language]] * [[Waja people]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} fvg7lopvywx72vyafgo5sflh1rvt23b 0 177810 961654 2026-10-02T04:35:28Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Nyuwar | settlement_type = Community | official_name = Nyuwar | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]] | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 761117 / 761123 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Nyuwar''' wata al'umma ce da ke cikin Balanga... 961654 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Nyuwar | settlement_type = Community | official_name = Nyuwar | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]] | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 761117 / 761123 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Nyuwar''' wata al'umma ce da ke cikin [[Balanga Local Government Area|Ƙaramar Hukumar Balanga]] ta [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Nyuwar tana cikin yankin da ke da alaka da al'ummar Longuda, kuma ana samun ƙauyuka da dama a ƙarƙashin yankin Nyuwar. Bayanai kan rarrabuwar yankin sun nuna cewa Nyuwar tana cikin Balanga kuma tana da lambar gidan waya da ta shafi wasu ƙauyukanta. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin gudanar da zaɓe na [[Independent National Electoral Commission]] (INEC), Nyuwar tana cikin [[Nyuwar/Jessu]] Registration Area na Balanga Local Government Area. Kundin INEC ya nuna cewa Nyuwar/Jessu ita ce Registration Area mai lamba 08 a Balanga, kuma tana da rumfunan zaɓe 16. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PUDirectory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Yankin Nyuwar yana da ƙauyuka da dama. Daga cikin ƙauyukan da aka lissafa ƙarƙashin Nyuwar akwai Chunyi, Gilengitu da Gulnyimora, yayin da wani ɓangare na jerin ƙauyukan Nyuwar ya haɗa Jakure, Pwalali, Tsibo, Tswaku da Unguwan Lilani. Bayanan lambar gidan waya ma sun danganta waɗannan ƙauyuka da yankin Nyuwar na Balanga. <ref>{{cite web |title=Browse Postcode - 761117 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/761117/ |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Nyuwar tana cikin yankin da harshen [[Longuda language|Longuda]] ke da muhimmiyar alaƙa da shi. Wani bincike kan harsunan Najeriya ya bayyana Nyuwar a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ake samun Lunguda a Gombe State. Binciken ya kuma nuna cewa Gombe State tana da harsuna daban-daban, kuma wasu daga cikin harsunan suna da takamaiman wuraren da suka fi yaduwa. <ref>{{cite web |title=Linguistic Survey of Nigerian Languages |url=https://jolan.com.ng/index.php/home/article/download/45/40 |publisher=Journal of Linguistic Association of Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin binciken harsunan Adamawa, an danganta Nyuwar da wani reshe na Longuda da ake kira '''Gwaanda (Nyuwar)'''. Wannan bayanin yana nuna cewa sunan Nyuwar ba kawai suna ne na wata al'umma ba, har ma yana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da rarrabuwar harshe da al'adun Longuda. <ref>{{cite web |title=Longuda language |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longuda_language |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Nyuwar ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da rikicin al'umma ya shafa a yankin Balanga. Jaridar *The Guardian Nigeria* ta ruwaito cewa an kai hari a Nyuwar da Heme, inda aka kashe mutane tare da kona gidaje da kadarori. Rahoton ya ce lamarin ya jawo matakan tsaro da kuma sanya dokar hana fita a yankin. <ref>{{cite news |title=Death toll rises to 19 in Gombe communal clash |url=https://guardian.ng/news/death-toll-rises-to-19-in-gombe-communal-clash/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=15 April 2021 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Rahoton *Daily Trust* ya kuma bayyana cewa jami'an tsaro sun kama wasu mutane a Nyuwar dangane da rikicin da ya faru tsakanin al'ummomin Lunguda da Waja a yankin Balanga da ke iyakar Gombe da Adamawa. Rahoton ya ce an kama mutanen ne a yayin aikin haɗin gwiwa na jami'an Sojojin Najeriya da 'yan sandan Najeriya. <ref>{{cite news |title=Police arrest 4 people over Lunguda/Waja communal clash |url=https://dailytrust.com/police-arrest-4-people-over-lunguda-waja-communal-clash/ |work=Daily Trust |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Yanayin ƙasa na yankin Nyuwar da Jessu yana da tsaunuka kuma samun hanyoyin mota masu kyau ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙalubalen da aka ruwaito game da yankin. Jaridar *Tribune Online* ta bayyana Nyuwar da Jessu a matsayin yankunan da ke da tudu da tsaunuka, tare da matsalolin hanyoyin sufuri. <ref>{{cite news |title=How assailants killed our people, burned our houses, Gombe villagers recount horror attacks |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/how-assailants-killed-our-people-burned-our-houses-gombe-villagers-recount-horror-attacks/ |work=Tribune Online |date=24 April 2021 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma, takardun kasafin kuɗin Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe sun ambaci '''Jessu Health Clinic in Nyuwar Ward, Balanga LGA''' a cikin ayyukan kiwon lafiya da aka ware kuɗin gyarawa. Wannan ya tabbatar da amfani da sunan Nyuwar a matsayin wani yanki na gudanarwa a cikin Balanga Local Government Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gombe State Government 2022 Approved Budget Summary |url=https://www.gombestate.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/approved-gombe-state-goverment-2022-budget-ncoa.pdf |publisher=Gombe State Government |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Balanga Local Government Area]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Longuda language]] * [[Waja people]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} fvg7lopvywx72vyafgo5sflh1rvt23b 0 177811 961655 2026-10-02T04:39:19Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Nyuwar | settlement_type = Community | official_name = Nyuwar | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]] | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 761117 / 761123 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Nyuwar''' wata al'umma ce da ke cikin Balanga... 961655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Nyuwar | settlement_type = Community | official_name = Nyuwar | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]] | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 761117 / 761123 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Nyuwar''' wata al'umma ce da ke cikin [[Balanga Local Government Area|Ƙaramar Hukumar Balanga]] ta [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Nyuwar tana cikin yankin da ke da alaka da al'ummar Longuda, kuma ana samun ƙauyuka da dama a ƙarƙashin yankin Nyuwar. Bayanai kan rarrabuwar yankin sun nuna cewa Nyuwar tana cikin Balanga kuma tana da lambar gidan waya da ta shafi wasu ƙauyukanta. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin gudanar da zaɓe na [[Independent National Electoral Commission]] (INEC), Nyuwar tana cikin [[Nyuwar/Jessu]] Registration Area na Balanga Local Government Area. Kundin INEC ya nuna cewa Nyuwar/Jessu ita ce Registration Area mai lamba 08 a Balanga, kuma tana da rumfunan zaɓe 16. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PUDirectory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Yankin Nyuwar yana da ƙauyuka da dama. Daga cikin ƙauyukan da aka lissafa ƙarƙashin Nyuwar akwai Chunyi, Gilengitu da Gulnyimora, yayin da wani ɓangare na jerin ƙauyukan Nyuwar ya haɗa Jakure, Pwalali, Tsibo, Tswaku da Unguwan Lilani. Bayanan lambar gidan waya ma sun danganta waɗannan ƙauyuka da yankin Nyuwar na Balanga. <ref>{{cite web |title=Browse Postcode - 761117 |url=https://www.nigeriapostcode.com/761117/ |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Nyuwar tana cikin yankin da harshen [[Longuda language|Longuda]] ke da muhimmiyar alaƙa da shi. Wani bincike kan harsunan Najeriya ya bayyana Nyuwar a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ake samun Lunguda a Gombe State. Binciken ya kuma nuna cewa Gombe State tana da harsuna daban-daban, kuma wasu daga cikin harsunan suna da takamaiman wuraren da suka fi yaduwa. <ref>{{cite web |title=Linguistic Survey of Nigerian Languages |url=https://jolan.com.ng/index.php/home/article/download/45/40 |publisher=Journal of Linguistic Association of Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin binciken harsunan Adamawa, an danganta Nyuwar da wani reshe na Longuda da ake kira '''Gwaanda (Nyuwar)'''. Wannan bayanin yana nuna cewa sunan Nyuwar ba kawai suna ne na wata al'umma ba, har ma yana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da rarrabuwar harshe da al'adun Longuda. <ref>{{cite web |title=Longuda language |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longuda_language |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, Nyuwar ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da rikicin al'umma ya shafa a yankin Balanga. Jaridar *The Guardian Nigeria* ta ruwaito cewa an kai hari a Nyuwar da Heme, inda aka kashe mutane tare da kona gidaje da kadarori. Rahoton ya ce lamarin ya jawo matakan tsaro da kuma sanya dokar hana fita a yankin. <ref>{{cite news |title=Death toll rises to 19 in Gombe communal clash |url=https://guardian.ng/news/death-toll-rises-to-19-in-gombe-communal-clash/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=15 April 2021 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Rahoton *Daily Trust* ya kuma bayyana cewa jami'an tsaro sun kama wasu mutane a Nyuwar dangane da rikicin da ya faru tsakanin al'ummomin Lunguda da Waja a yankin Balanga da ke iyakar Gombe da Adamawa. Rahoton ya ce an kama mutanen ne a yayin aikin haɗin gwiwa na jami'an Sojojin Najeriya da 'yan sandan Najeriya. <ref>{{cite news |title=Police arrest 4 people over Lunguda/Waja communal clash |url=https://dailytrust.com/police-arrest-4-people-over-lunguda-waja-communal-clash/ |work=Daily Trust |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Yanayin ƙasa na yankin Nyuwar da Jessu yana da tsaunuka kuma samun hanyoyin mota masu kyau ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙalubalen da aka ruwaito game da yankin. Jaridar *Tribune Online* ta bayyana Nyuwar da Jessu a matsayin yankunan da ke da tudu da tsaunuka, tare da matsalolin hanyoyin sufuri. <ref>{{cite news |title=How assailants killed our people, burned our houses, Gombe villagers recount horror attacks |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/how-assailants-killed-our-people-burned-our-houses-gombe-villagers-recount-horror-attacks/ |work=Tribune Online |date=24 April 2021 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma, takardun kasafin kuɗin Gwamnatin Jihar Gombe sun ambaci '''Jessu Health Clinic in Nyuwar Ward, Balanga LGA''' a cikin ayyukan kiwon lafiya da aka ware kuɗin gyarawa. Wannan ya tabbatar da amfani da sunan Nyuwar a matsayin wani yanki na gudanarwa a cikin Balanga Local Government Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gombe State Government 2022 Approved Budget Summary |url=https://www.gombestate.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/approved-gombe-state-goverment-2022-budget-ncoa.pdf |publisher=Gombe State Government |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Balanga Local Government Area]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Longuda language]] * [[Waja people]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} fvg7lopvywx72vyafgo5sflh1rvt23b 0 177812 961656 2026-10-02T04:43:21Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Dala-Waja | official_name = Dala-Waja | settlement_type = Village | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]] | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 761113 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Dala-Waja''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin Balanga Local G... 961656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Dala-Waja | official_name = Dala-Waja | settlement_type = Village | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]] | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 761113 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Dala-Waja''' ƙauye ne da ke cikin [[Balanga Local Government Area|Ƙaramar Hukumar Balanga]] ta [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Dala-Waja na daga cikin yankunan da ake samu a Balanga, kuma ana lissafa shi a cikin jerin yankuna da ƙauyukan ƙaramar hukumar. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Dala-Waja tana da lambar gidan waya ta '''761113'''. Bayanan wuraren zama na Gombe State sun sanya Dala-Waja a ƙarƙashin Balanga tare da wannan lambar gidan waya, tare da wasu ƙauyuka da suke ƙarƙashinta. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A ƙarƙashin yankin Dala-Waja akwai ƙauyuka da dama. Jerin ƙauyukan Balanga ya ambaci '''Batumi, Dele, Demi, Dimori, Fulani, Garu, Kodishere, Kumi''' da '''Kwasilau''' a matsayin ƙauyukan da ke ƙarƙashin Dala-Waja. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Dala-Waja tana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da al'ummar [[Waja people|Waja]] ta Gombe. Binciken tarihi kan Waja ya bayyana cewa Waja suna daga cikin al'ummomin da suka daɗe suna zaune a yankin kudancin Gombe, musamman a Balanga, kuma Dala-Waja na daga cikin wuraren da aka danganta da rarrabuwar al'ummar Waja a yankin. <ref>{{cite journal |last=Higazi |first=Adam |last2=Lar |first2=Jimam |title=Articulations of Belonging: The Politics of Ethnic and Religious Pluralism in Bauchi and Gombe States, North-East Nigeria |journal=Africa |publisher=Cambridge University Press}}</ref> A bayanin tarihin Waja, an bayyana cewa bayan ƙaura zuwa yankin Gombe, al'ummar Waja sun bazu zuwa wurare daban-daban da suka haɗa da Dala-Waja, Talasse, Dong, Reme, Gelengu da Bangu. Wannan ya nuna muhimmiyar alaƙar Dala-Waja da tarihin zamantakewar Waja a yankin Balanga. <ref>{{cite web |title=Waja people |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waja_people |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin gudanar da zaɓe, Dala-Waja tana cikin yankin da INEC ta haɗa da '''Bangu/Dala-Waja/Wala-Lunguda'''. Kundin bayanan INEC ya nuna cewa wannan yanki yana cikin tsarin zaɓe na Balanga, kuma an haɗa shi da wasu sassan Balanga wajen tsara wakilcin yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=2015 General Elections Information Kit |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-GENERAL-ELECTIONS-INFO-KIT-.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> INEC ta kuma nuna cewa akwai wuraren zaɓe masu suna '''Deluwa, Dala Waja Primary School''' da '''Nadiya, Dala Waja Primary School''' a cikin Balanga. Waɗannan bayanai sun nuna cewa makarantar firamare ta Dala-Waja tana daga cikin wuraren da aka yi amfani da su wajen gudanar da ayyukan zaɓe a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin mazabar jiha, INEC ta sanya '''Balanga North''' cikin yankunan da suka haɗa da Bangu, Dala-Waja, Wala-Lunguda, Gelengu-Balanga, Kulani-Degri, Sikkam, Swa-Wala-Waja-Refele-Gassi da Talasse-Dong-Reme. Wannan ya nuna cewa Dala-Waja tana cikin tsarin gudanar da wakilcin siyasa na Balanga North. <ref>{{cite web |title=2015 General Elections Information Kit |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan taswira sun nuna cewa Dala-Waja tana kusan a latitude '''9.9331° N''' da longitude '''11.72652° E''', kuma tana da tsayin kusan mita 366 sama da matakin teku. Taswirar kuma ta nuna cewa Dala-Waja tana kusa da Bangu da Dong, waɗanda su ma suke cikin Balanga. <ref>{{cite web |title=Dala Waja Map - Village - Balanga, Gombe State, Nigeria |url=https://mapcarta.com/17036878 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Dala-Waja tana cikin wani yanki na Gombe da ke da al'ummomin Waja da sauran ƙabilu. Tarihin Waja ya danganta Dala-Waja da sauran wuraren zama na Waja a Balanga, yayin da tsarin gudanarwar jihar da na zaɓe ke haɗa yankin da sauran al'ummomin Balanga. <ref>{{cite web |title=Waja people |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waja_people |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Balanga Local Government Area]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Waja people]] * [[Waja language]] * [[Talasse]] * [[Bangu, Gombe State]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} dro59dj8xd8ddimzqagpnpa4tdx300r 0 177813 961657 2026-10-02T04:44:40Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372293135|James Crichton-Browne]]" 961657 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sir James Crichton-Browne''' FRS <ref name="frs">{{Cite journal |last=Holmes |first=G. M. |year=1939 |title=Sir James Crichton-Browne. 1840-1938 |journal=[[Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society]] |volume=2 |issue=7 |pages=518–526 |doi=10.1098/rsbm.1939.0012 |pmc=5304524 |doi-access=free}}</ref> FRSE (29 Nuwamba 1840 - 31 Janairu 1938) fitaccen masanin tabin hankali ɗan Scotland ne, likitan jijiyoyi da kuma masanin ilimin halittar jiki. Ya shahara da bincike kan alaƙar da ke tsakanin cututtukan tabin hankali da raunin kwakwalwa da kuma haɓaka manufofin [[lafiyar jama'a]] dangane da [[lafiyar kwakwalwa]] . Mahaifin Crichton-Browne shi ne mai gyaran mafaka Dr William AF Browne, fitaccen memba na ƙungiyar likitocin Edinburgh, kuma, daga 1838 zuwa 1857, shugaban Crichton Royal a Dumfries inda Crichton-Browne ya yi yawancin lokacin yarintarsa. Crichton-Browne ya gyara Jaridar ''West Riding Lunatic Asylum Medical Reports'' mai tasiri sosai (juzu'i shida, 1871-76). Yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu haɗin gwiwar [[Charles Darwin]] - a cikin shirin ''The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals'' (1872) - kuma, kamar Duchenne de Boulogne (a Salpêtrière a Paris) da Hugh Welch Diamond a Surrey, ya kasance majagaba a fannin ɗaukar hoto a fannin tabin hankali. Ya kafa kansa a Makarantar Koyon Aikin Jinya ta West Riding Lunatic da ke Wakefield daga 1866 zuwa 1875, kuma a can ya koyar da ilimin tabin hankali ga ɗalibai daga Makarantar Koyon Aikin Likitanci ta Leeds da ke kusa, kuma tare da David Ferrier, sun mayar da wurin neman mafaka zuwa cibiyar ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ta duniya. Daga nan Crichton-Browne ya yi aiki a matsayin baƙon shugaban gwamnati daga 1875 zuwa 1922. A duk tsawon aikinsa, Crichton-Browne ya jaddada fannoni marasa daidaituwa na kwakwalwar ɗan adam da halayensa; kuma, kamar Emil Kraepelin da Alois Alzheimer, sun yi wasu hasashen da suka yi tasiri game da canje-canjen jijiyoyi da ke da alaƙa da manyan cututtukan tabin hankali. Crichton-Browne shi ma mai fafutukar kare [[Eugenics|haƙƙin ɗan adam ne]], kuma a shekarar 1908 ya zama shugaban farko na ƙungiyar Ilimi ta Eugenics . <ref name="eugenics">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |title=Past Presidents of the Galton Institute |url=http://www.galtoninstitute.org.uk/history/past-presidents/ |access-date=18 June 2020 |website=Galton Institute}}</ref> A shekarar 1920, Crichton-Browne ya gabatar da lacca ta farko ta Maudsley ga Ƙungiyar Magungunan Halayyar Dan Adam a cikin wannan lokacin, inda ya bayyana abubuwan da ya tuna game da Henry Maudsley ; kuma a cikin shekaru goma sha biyar na ƙarshe na rayuwarsa, ya buga littattafai bakwai na abubuwan tunawa. A shekarar 2015, UNESCO ta lissafa takardu da hotunan asibiti na Crichton-Browne (kimanin abubuwa 5000 a duka) a matsayin abubuwan da suka shafi al'adun duniya. == Asalin iyali da ilimi 1840–1866 == An haifi Crichton-Browne a Edinburgh a gidan mahaifiyarsa, Magdalene Howden Balfour. Ita 'yar Dr. Andrew Balfour ce kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan iyalan kimiyya a Scotland. An gina gidan Balfour (a Tudun St John kusa da Salisbury Crags ) a shekara ta 1770 ga masanin ilimin ƙasa James Hutton (1726–1797) wanda ba shi da aure <ref>Repcheck, Jack (2003) ''The Man Who Found Time: James Hutton and the Discovery of the Earth's Antiquity'' London and New York: Pocket Books (Simon and Schuster), {{ISBN|073820692X}}, pp. 124–125.</ref> <ref>Buchan, James (2003) ''Capital of the Mind: How Edinburgh Changed The World'' London: John Murray. {{ISBN|1841586390}}, pp. 272–299.</ref> <ref>Herman, Arthur (2003) ''The Scottish Enlightenment: The Scots' Invention of the Modern World'' London: Fourth Estate, a division of Harper Collins. {{ISBN|0609809997}}, pp. 313–314.</ref> wanda kakan Magdalene Balfour ne. Mahaifin Crichton-Browne, mai gyaran mahalli William AF Browne (1805–1885), fitaccen masanin ilimin halittar jini ne kuma ƙanensa, John Hutton Balfour-Browne KC (1845–1921), ya rubuta wani labari na gargajiya game da dangantakar shari'a ta hauka. Crichton-Browne ya shafe yawancin lokacin yarintarsa a The Crichton Royal da ke Dumfries, inda mahaifinsa ya kasance babban jami'in kula da lafiya daga 1838 zuwa 1857. <ref>Scull, Andrew, MacKenzie, Charlotte and Hervey, Nicholas (1996) ''Masters of Bedlam: The Transformation of the Mad-Doctoring Trade'' Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, {{ISBN|0691002517}}, pp. 84–122</ref> [ <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Browne |first=W. A. F. |year=1864 |title=The Moral Treatment of the Insane; a Lecture |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=10 |issue=51 |pages=309–337 |doi=10.1192/bjp.10.51.309}}</ref> William AF Browne ƙwararren likitan tabin hankali ne na Victoria kuma mai ba da shawara kan kula da ɗabi'a <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walk |first=A. |year=1954 |title=Some Aspects of the "Moral Treatment" of the Insane up to 1854 |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=100 |issue=421 |pages=807–837 |doi=10.1192/bjp.100.421.807 |pmid=13222013}}</ref> tare da sha'awar rayuwar tunanin marasa lafiyarsa kamar yadda ayyukan rukuni, mafarki da ayyukan fasaha suka nuna. WAF Browne ta kuma tara tarin tarin zane-zane na marasa lafiya kuma wannan sha'awar ta sami kamanceceniya a cikin ɗaukar hotunan mafaka na Crichton-Browne daga baya. A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, Crichton-Browne ya rasa babban ɗan'uwansa, William (mai shekaru 11) a shekara ta 1846. Ya yi makaranta a Dumfries Academy sannan, bisa ga ra'ayin mahaifiyarsa na bishop, ya je Kwalejin Glenalmond . Jim kaɗan kafin mutuwarsa, Crichton-Browne ya rubuta wani labari mai muhimmanci game da lokacin ƙuruciyarsa na Dumfries, ciki har da ziyarar Dorothea Lynde Dix, mai fafutukar neman mafaka ta Amurka. Crichton-Browne ya yi karatun likitanci a Jami'ar Edinburgh, inda ya sami digirin MD a shekarar 1862 tare da digirin digirgir kan abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba. Daga cikin malamansa akwai abokin mahaifinsa Thomas Laycock (1812–1876) wanda babban aikinsa na ''Hankali da Kwakwalwa'' wani dogon rubutu ne na hasashe kan ilimin jijiyoyi da rayuwar tunani. Crichton-Browne ya kuma yi amfani da rubuce-rubucen likitocin Sir Andrew Halliday da Sir Henry Holland . Kamar mahaifinsa, an zaɓe Crichton-Browne a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Shugabannin Ƙungiyar Likitoci ta Royal Medical Society kuma, a wannan matsayin, ya yi jayayya kan matsayin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a cikin manhajar likitanci. A shekara ta 1863, ya ziyarci wurare da dama a birnin Paris (ciki har da Salpêtrière ), kuma bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin likita a wuraren asylums a Exeter (tare da John Charles Bucknill ), Warwick da Derby, da kuma ɗan gajeren lokaci a Tyneside, an naɗa Crichton-Browne a matsayin likita-mai kula da wurin asylum na West Riding Pauper Lunatic a Wakefield a shekara ta 1866. Wannan kuma ita ce shekarar da mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar likitoci da masu ilimin halayyar ɗan adam (wanda yanzu ita ce Kwalejin Likitoci ta Royal ). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Browne |first=W. A. F. |year=1866 |title=Address; on Medico-Psychology |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=12 |issue=59 |pages=309–327 |doi=10.1192/bjp.12.59.309}}</ref> == ''Rahoton Mafaka na Ferrier, Darwin da Yammacin Hawan Kaya'' 1866–1875 == '''Ilimin jijiyoyi na Ferrier''' : Crichton-Browne ya shafe kusan shekaru goma a West Riding Asylum. Ya yi imanin cewa ya kamata wurin ya zama cibiyar ilimi da kuma cibiyar warkarwa, sannan ya kafa wani babban shirin bincike, wanda zai kawo fahimtar halittu game da musabbabin hauka. Ya kula da ɗaruruwan gwaje-gwajen kwakwalwa bayan mutuwar wani mutum kuma ya kula da yanayin asibiti na [[Neurosyphilis|cututtukan neurosyphilis]] . A shekara ta 1872, Crichton-Browne ya ƙirƙiro ka'idojin ilimin halittar mahaifa ta hanyar gayyatar masanin ilimin halittar kwakwalwa na Scotland David Ferrier (1843–1928) don jagorantar dakunan gwaje-gwajen mafaka da kuma gudanar da bincike kan yadda ake gano ayyukan kwakwalwa a cikin kwakwalwa. (A cikin 1832–34, William AF Browne ya buga wata takarda a cikin ''Mujallar Phrenological'' kan cibiyoyin harshe a cikin kwakwalwa kuma a cikin rubuce-rubucensa na baya akwai sake jaddada alaƙar raunin kwakwalwa, tabin hankali da harshe <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Browne |first=W.A.F. |year=1872 |title=Impairment of Language, the Result of Cerebral Disease |journal=West Riding Lunatic Asylum Medical Reports |volume=2 |pages=278–301}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walmsley |first=Tom |year=1993 |title=Psychiatry in descent: Darwin and the Brownes |journal=Psychiatric Bulletin |volume=17 |issue=12 |pages=748–751 |doi=10.1192/pb.17.12.748 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walmsley |first=Tom |year=2003 |title=Crichton-Browne's biological psychiatry |journal=Psychiatric Bulletin |volume=27 |pages=20–22 |doi=10.1192/pb.27.1.20 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ). Aikin Ferrier a Wakefield ya mayar da mafakar zuwa cibiyar kula da tabin hankali ta duniya kuma ya taƙaita bincikensa a cikin littafin tarihin jijiyoyi ''na The Functions of the Brain'' (1876). '''Wasikar Darwin''' : A bisa ga motsin Henry Maudsley (1835–1918), Crichton-Browne ya yi wa [[Charles Darwin]] rubutu daga watan Mayu na 1869 har zuwa Disamba na 1875. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pearn |first=A. M. |year=2010 |title='This excellent observer ...': The correspondence between Charles Darwin and James Crichton-Browne, 1869-75 |journal=History of Psychiatry |volume=21 |issue=82 Pt 2 |pages=160–75 |doi=10.1177/0957154X10363961 |pmid=21877370 |s2cid=26020495}}</ref> Mafi yawan wasiƙun sun faru ne a lokacin shirya shahararrun ''rahotannin likitanci na West Riding Lunatic Asylum'' na Crichton-Browne da kuma na Darwin's ''The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals'' . A ranar 8 ga Yuni 1869, Darwin ya aika wa Crichton-Browne kwafin littafinsa na Duchenne's ''Mechanism of Human Facial Expression'', yana neman ra'ayoyinsa. Da alama Crichton-Browne ya ɓata littafin kusan shekara guda a gidan yarin Wakefield; amma, a ranar 6 ga Yuni 1870, ya mayar da shi da kunya mai yawa, kuma ya haɗa hoton tabin hankali guda ɗaya da Darwin ya yi amfani da shi a cikin littafinsa (duba ƙasa). Darwin ya yi bincike mai yawa game da Crichton-Browne, gami da ambaton Maudsley's ''Body and Mind'', ilimin halin ɗan adam na ja, ƙyalli na gashi, ayyukan tsokar platysma (wani nau'in "bête noire" na Darwin), da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na asibiti na [[Alhini|baƙin ciki]] da [[Alhini|baƙin ciki]] . Alamomin Darwin masu ban mamaki waɗanda suka haɗa da amai, gumi, nishi, da kuka, musamman ma masu wahala a farkon watannin 1872, sun yi kama da sun inganta a lokacin da ya kammala aikinsa kan motsin zuciyar. Abin sha'awa, Crichton-Browne ya ƙi gayyatar Henry Maudsley na yin bita kan littafin ''The Descent of Man'' don ''Jaridar Kimiyyar Hankali'' ; kuma abin lura ne cewa Darwin bai bayar da gudummawa ga ''Rahoton Asylum'' na Crichton-Browne ba, kuma bai ziyarci Wakefield Asylum ba lokacin da Crichton-Browne ya gayyace shi a shekarar 1873. == Manazarta == qiy2pzvq0u5izxs1xoyyork6gj7r8xe 961658 961657 2026-10-02T04:45:03Z Sardeeq 39275 961658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sir James Crichton-Browne''' FRS <ref name="frs">{{Cite journal |last=Holmes |first=G. M. |year=1939 |title=Sir James Crichton-Browne. 1840-1938 |journal=[[Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society]] |volume=2 |issue=7 |pages=518–526 |doi=10.1098/rsbm.1939.0012 |pmc=5304524 |doi-access=free}}</ref> FRSE (29 Nuwamba 1840 - 31 Janairu 1938) fitaccen masanin tabin hankali ɗan Scotland ne, likitan jijiyoyi da kuma masanin ilimin halittar jiki. Ya shahara da bincike kan alaƙar da ke tsakanin cututtukan tabin hankali da raunin kwakwalwa da kuma haɓaka manufofin [[lafiyar jama'a]] dangane da [[lafiyar kwakwalwa]] . Mahaifin Crichton-Browne shi ne mai gyaran mafaka Dr William AF Browne, fitaccen memba na ƙungiyar likitocin Edinburgh, kuma, daga 1838 zuwa 1857, shugaban Crichton Royal a Dumfries inda Crichton-Browne ya yi yawancin lokacin yarintarsa. Crichton-Browne ya gyara Jaridar ''West Riding Lunatic Asylum Medical Reports'' mai tasiri sosai (juzu'i shida, 1871-76). Yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu haɗin gwiwar [[Charles Darwin]] - a cikin shirin ''The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals'' (1872) - kuma, kamar Duchenne de Boulogne (a Salpêtrière a Paris) da Hugh Welch Diamond a Surrey, ya kasance majagaba a fannin ɗaukar hoto a fannin tabin hankali. Ya kafa kansa a Makarantar Koyon Aikin Jinya ta West Riding Lunatic da ke Wakefield daga 1866 zuwa 1875, kuma a can ya koyar da ilimin tabin hankali ga ɗalibai daga Makarantar Koyon Aikin Likitanci ta Leeds da ke kusa, kuma tare da David Ferrier, sun mayar da wurin neman mafaka zuwa cibiyar ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ta duniya. Daga nan Crichton-Browne ya yi aiki a matsayin baƙon shugaban gwamnati daga 1875 zuwa 1922. A duk tsawon aikinsa, Crichton-Browne ya jaddada fannoni marasa daidaituwa na kwakwalwar ɗan adam da halayensa; kuma, kamar Emil Kraepelin da Alois Alzheimer, sun yi wasu hasashen da suka yi tasiri game da canje-canjen jijiyoyi da ke da alaƙa da manyan cututtukan tabin hankali. Crichton-Browne shi ma mai fafutukar kare [[Eugenics|haƙƙin ɗan adam ne]], kuma a shekarar 1908 ya zama shugaban farko na ƙungiyar Ilimi ta Eugenics . <ref name="eugenics">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |title=Past Presidents of the Galton Institute |url=http://www.galtoninstitute.org.uk/history/past-presidents/ |access-date=18 June 2020 |website=Galton Institute}}</ref> A shekarar 1920, Crichton-Browne ya gabatar da lacca ta farko ta Maudsley ga Ƙungiyar Magungunan Halayyar Dan Adam a cikin wannan lokacin, inda ya bayyana abubuwan da ya tuna game da Henry Maudsley ; kuma a cikin shekaru goma sha biyar na ƙarshe na rayuwarsa, ya buga littattafai bakwai na abubuwan tunawa. A shekarar 2015, UNESCO ta lissafa takardu da hotunan asibiti na Crichton-Browne (kimanin abubuwa 5000 a duka) a matsayin abubuwan da suka shafi al'adun duniya. == Asalin iyali da ilimi 1840–1866 == An haifi Crichton-Browne a Edinburgh a gidan mahaifiyarsa, Magdalene Howden Balfour. Ita 'yar Dr. Andrew Balfour ce kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan iyalan kimiyya a Scotland. An gina gidan Balfour (a Tudun St John kusa da Salisbury Crags ) a shekara ta 1770 ga masanin ilimin ƙasa James Hutton (1726–1797) wanda ba shi da aure <ref>Repcheck, Jack (2003) ''The Man Who Found Time: James Hutton and the Discovery of the Earth's Antiquity'' London and New York: Pocket Books (Simon and Schuster), {{ISBN|073820692X}}, pp. 124–125.</ref> <ref>Buchan, James (2003) ''Capital of the Mind: How Edinburgh Changed The World'' London: John Murray. {{ISBN|1841586390}}, pp. 272–299.</ref> <ref>Herman, Arthur (2003) ''The Scottish Enlightenment: The Scots' Invention of the Modern World'' London: Fourth Estate, a division of Harper Collins. {{ISBN|0609809997}}, pp. 313–314.</ref> wanda kakan Magdalene Balfour ne. Mahaifin Crichton-Browne, mai gyaran mahalli William AF Browne (1805–1885), fitaccen masanin ilimin halittar jini ne kuma ƙanensa, John Hutton Balfour-Browne KC (1845–1921), ya rubuta wani labari na gargajiya game da dangantakar shari'a ta hauka. Crichton-Browne ya shafe yawancin lokacin yarintarsa a The Crichton Royal da ke Dumfries, inda mahaifinsa ya kasance babban jami'in kula da lafiya daga 1838 zuwa 1857. <ref>Scull, Andrew, MacKenzie, Charlotte and Hervey, Nicholas (1996) ''Masters of Bedlam: The Transformation of the Mad-Doctoring Trade'' Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, {{ISBN|0691002517}}, pp. 84–122</ref> [ <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Browne |first=W. A. F. |year=1864 |title=The Moral Treatment of the Insane; a Lecture |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=10 |issue=51 |pages=309–337 |doi=10.1192/bjp.10.51.309}}</ref> William AF Browne ƙwararren likitan tabin hankali ne na Victoria kuma mai ba da shawara kan kula da ɗabi'a <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walk |first=A. |year=1954 |title=Some Aspects of the "Moral Treatment" of the Insane up to 1854 |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=100 |issue=421 |pages=807–837 |doi=10.1192/bjp.100.421.807 |pmid=13222013}}</ref> tare da sha'awar rayuwar tunanin marasa lafiyarsa kamar yadda ayyukan rukuni, mafarki da ayyukan fasaha suka nuna. WAF Browne ta kuma tara tarin tarin zane-zane na marasa lafiya kuma wannan sha'awar ta sami kamanceceniya a cikin ɗaukar hotunan mafaka na Crichton-Browne daga baya. A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, Crichton-Browne ya rasa babban ɗan'uwansa, William (mai shekaru 11) a shekara ta 1846. Ya yi makaranta a Dumfries Academy sannan, bisa ga ra'ayin mahaifiyarsa na bishop, ya je Kwalejin Glenalmond . Jim kaɗan kafin mutuwarsa, Crichton-Browne ya rubuta wani labari mai muhimmanci game da lokacin ƙuruciyarsa na Dumfries, ciki har da ziyarar Dorothea Lynde Dix, mai fafutukar neman mafaka ta Amurka. Crichton-Browne ya yi karatun likitanci a Jami'ar Edinburgh, inda ya sami digirin MD a shekarar 1862 tare da digirin digirgir kan abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba. Daga cikin malamansa akwai abokin mahaifinsa Thomas Laycock (1812–1876) wanda babban aikinsa na ''Hankali da Kwakwalwa'' wani dogon rubutu ne na hasashe kan ilimin jijiyoyi da rayuwar tunani. Crichton-Browne ya kuma yi amfani da rubuce-rubucen likitocin Sir Andrew Halliday da Sir Henry Holland . Kamar mahaifinsa, an zaɓe Crichton-Browne a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Shugabannin Ƙungiyar Likitoci ta Royal Medical Society kuma, a wannan matsayin, ya yi jayayya kan matsayin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a cikin manhajar likitanci. A shekara ta 1863, ya ziyarci wurare da dama a birnin Paris (ciki har da Salpêtrière ), kuma bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin likita a wuraren asylums a Exeter (tare da John Charles Bucknill ), Warwick da Derby, da kuma ɗan gajeren lokaci a Tyneside, an naɗa Crichton-Browne a matsayin likita-mai kula da wurin asylum na West Riding Pauper Lunatic a Wakefield a shekara ta 1866. Wannan kuma ita ce shekarar da mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar likitoci da masu ilimin halayyar ɗan adam (wanda yanzu ita ce Kwalejin Likitoci ta Royal ). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Browne |first=W. A. F. |year=1866 |title=Address; on Medico-Psychology |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=12 |issue=59 |pages=309–327 |doi=10.1192/bjp.12.59.309}}</ref> == ''Rahoton Mafaka na Ferrier, Darwin da Yammacin Hawan Kaya'' 1866–1875 == '''Ilimin jijiyoyi na Ferrier''' : Crichton-Browne ya shafe kusan shekaru goma a West Riding Asylum. Ya yi imanin cewa ya kamata wurin ya zama cibiyar ilimi da kuma cibiyar warkarwa, sannan ya kafa wani babban shirin bincike, wanda zai kawo fahimtar halittu game da musabbabin hauka. Ya kula da ɗaruruwan gwaje-gwajen kwakwalwa bayan mutuwar wani mutum kuma ya kula da yanayin asibiti na [[Neurosyphilis|cututtukan neurosyphilis]] . A shekara ta 1872, Crichton-Browne ya ƙirƙiro ka'idojin ilimin halittar mahaifa ta hanyar gayyatar masanin ilimin halittar kwakwalwa na Scotland David Ferrier (1843–1928) don jagorantar dakunan gwaje-gwajen mafaka da kuma gudanar da bincike kan yadda ake gano ayyukan kwakwalwa a cikin kwakwalwa. (A cikin 1832–34, William AF Browne ya buga wata takarda a cikin ''Mujallar Phrenological'' kan cibiyoyin harshe a cikin kwakwalwa kuma a cikin rubuce-rubucensa na baya akwai sake jaddada alaƙar raunin kwakwalwa, tabin hankali da harshe <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Browne |first=W.A.F. |year=1872 |title=Impairment of Language, the Result of Cerebral Disease |journal=West Riding Lunatic Asylum Medical Reports |volume=2 |pages=278–301}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walmsley |first=Tom |year=1993 |title=Psychiatry in descent: Darwin and the Brownes |journal=Psychiatric Bulletin |volume=17 |issue=12 |pages=748–751 |doi=10.1192/pb.17.12.748 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walmsley |first=Tom |year=2003 |title=Crichton-Browne's biological psychiatry |journal=Psychiatric Bulletin |volume=27 |pages=20–22 |doi=10.1192/pb.27.1.20 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ). Aikin Ferrier a Wakefield ya mayar da mafakar zuwa cibiyar kula da tabin hankali ta duniya kuma ya taƙaita bincikensa a cikin littafin tarihin jijiyoyi ''na The Functions of the Brain'' (1876). '''Wasikar Darwin''' : A bisa ga motsin Henry Maudsley (1835–1918), Crichton-Browne ya yi wa [[Charles Darwin]] rubutu daga watan Mayu na 1869 har zuwa Disamba na 1875. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pearn |first=A. M. |year=2010 |title='This excellent observer ...': The correspondence between Charles Darwin and James Crichton-Browne, 1869-75 |journal=History of Psychiatry |volume=21 |issue=82 Pt 2 |pages=160–75 |doi=10.1177/0957154X10363961 |pmid=21877370 |s2cid=26020495}}</ref> Mafi yawan wasiƙun sun faru ne a lokacin shirya shahararrun ''rahotannin likitanci na West Riding Lunatic Asylum'' na Crichton-Browne da kuma na Darwin's ''The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals'' . A ranar 8 ga Yuni 1869, Darwin ya aika wa Crichton-Browne kwafin littafinsa na Duchenne's ''Mechanism of Human Facial Expression'', yana neman ra'ayoyinsa. Da alama Crichton-Browne ya ɓata littafin kusan shekara guda a gidan yarin Wakefield; amma, a ranar 6 ga Yuni 1870, ya mayar da shi da kunya mai yawa, kuma ya haɗa hoton tabin hankali guda ɗaya da Darwin ya yi amfani da shi a cikin littafinsa (duba ƙasa). Darwin ya yi bincike mai yawa game da Crichton-Browne, gami da ambaton Maudsley's ''Body and Mind'', ilimin halin ɗan adam na ja, ƙyalli na gashi, ayyukan tsokar platysma (wani nau'in "bête noire" na Darwin), da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na asibiti na [[Alhini|baƙin ciki]] da [[Alhini|baƙin ciki]] . Alamomin Darwin masu ban mamaki waɗanda suka haɗa da amai, gumi, nishi, da kuka, musamman ma masu wahala a farkon watannin 1872, sun yi kama da sun inganta a lokacin da ya kammala aikinsa kan motsin zuciyar. Abin sha'awa, Crichton-Browne ya ƙi gayyatar Henry Maudsley na yin bita kan littafin ''The Descent of Man'' don ''Jaridar Kimiyyar Hankali'' ; kuma abin lura ne cewa Darwin bai bayar da gudummawa ga ''Rahoton Asylum'' na Crichton-Browne ba, kuma bai ziyarci Wakefield Asylum ba lokacin da Crichton-Browne ya gayyace shi a shekarar 1873. == Manazarta == ab3sr3nzcrw7fi11g5mubwqlzlpcbtm 0 177814 961659 2026-10-02T04:47:04Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372001565|Guillaume Duchenne de Boulogne]]" 961659 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guillaume-Benjamin-Amand Duchenne (de Boulogne)''' (17 ga Satumba, 1806, a Boulogne-sur-Mer – 15 ga Satumba, 1875, a Paris) ƙwararren likitan jijiyoyi ne ɗan Faransa wanda ya farfaɗo da binciken Luigi Galvani kuma ya ci gaba sosai a fannin ilimin electrophysiology . Zamanin ilimin jijiyoyi na zamani ya samo asali ne daga fahimtar Duchenne game da hanyoyin jijiyoyi da sabbin dabarun bincikensa, gami da nazarin halittu masu zurfi, gwaje-gwajen sarrafa jijiyoyi ( NCS ), da kuma daukar hoto na asibiti. An cimma wannan gagarumin aiki (galibi a Salpêtrière ) a bayan wani yanayi na rayuwa mai cike da matsaloli da kuma cibiyar likitanci da kimiyya wadda ba ta damu da kowa ba. Ilimin jijiyoyi bai wanzu a Faransa ba kafin Duchenne, kuma duk da cewa masana tarihi da yawa na likitanci suna ɗaukar [[Jean-Martin Charcot]] a matsayin uban wannan fanni, Charcot ya ba Duchenne bashi mai yawa, sau da yawa yana kiransa " ''mon maître en neurologie'' " (malamina a fannin ilimin jijiyoyi). Masanin ilimin jijiyoyi na Amurka Joseph Collins (1866–1950) ya rubuta cewa Duchenne ya gano ilimin jijiyoyi "wani jariri mai yaɗuwa wanda ba a san asalinsa ba wanda ya taimaka wa matashi mai sha'awar jima'i." <ref name="Collins">{{Cite journal |last=Collins, Joseph |year=1908 |title=Duchenne of Boulogne. A biography and an appreciation |journal=Medical Record |publisher=William Wood |volume=73 |pages=50–54}}</ref> Babban gudunmawar da ya bayar ta kasance a cikin cututtukan da suka haifar da mutuwar sunansa, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Duchenne-Aran spinal muscular atrophy, Duchenne-Erb paralysis, Duchenne's disease ( Tabes dorsalis ), da Duchenne's paralysis ( progressive bulbar palsy ). Shi ne likitan farko da ya fara yin aikin biopsy na tsoka, tare da wata ƙirƙira da ya kira " ''l'emporte-pièce'' " ( trocar na Duchenne). A cikin 1855, ya tsara ka'idodin bincike na electrophysiology kuma ya gabatar da electrotherapy a cikin wani littafi mai suna ''De l'electrisation localisée et de son application à la physiologie, à la pathologie et à la thérapeutique.'' Wani littafin da ke tare da wannan aikin, ''Album de photographies pathologiques'', shi ne rubutun farko na ilimin jijiyoyi da aka kwatanta da hotuna. Littafin Duchenne, ''Mécanisme de la physionomie humaine'' - wanda hotunansa suka nuna a sarari - shine bincike na farko kan ilimin halittar motsin rai kuma ya yi tasiri sosai kan aikin Darwin kan juyin halittar ɗan adam da kuma bayyanar motsin rai. <ref name="Cuthbertson" /> == Tarihin Rayuwa == [[File:G._Duchenne-2.jpg|right|thumb|370x370px| An adana kundin albumen a ɗakin karatu na likitanci na ƙasa da ke Bethesda. Abokan aikin Duchenne sun ƙara " ''de Boulogne'' " a cikin sunansa don guje wa ruɗani da sunan Édouard-Adolphe Duchesne (1804–1869) wanda likita ne mai farin jini a cikin al'umma a Paris. <ref name="Collins" />]] [[File:DuchenneAppareil.jpg|left|thumb| Misalin yanke katako na Duchenne's ''"appareil volta-électrique."'']] Guillaume-Benjamin Duchenne ya fito ne daga dogon layin ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa waɗanda suka zauna a yankin Boulogne-sur-Mer na Faransa. Sabanin burin mahaifinsa na zama matukin jirgin ruwa, kuma sha'awar kimiyya ta motsa shi, Duchenne ya yi rajista a Jami'ar Douai inda ya sami digirin farko yana ɗan shekara 19. <ref name="LasègueStraus">{{Cite journal |last=Lasègue, C. |last2=Straus, J. |year=1875 |title=Duchenne de Boulogne; sa vie scientifique et ses oeuvres |journal=Archives Générales de Médecine |series=6th |publisher=P. Asselin |volume=2 |pages=687–715}}</ref> Daga nan ya yi horo a ƙarƙashin wasu fitattun likitocin birnin Paris, waɗanda suka haɗa da René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781–1826) da Baron Guillaume Dupuytren (1777–1835) kafin ya koma Boulogne ya fara aiki a can. Duchenne ta auri wata mata 'yar yankin, kuma bayan haihuwar ɗansu, matarsa ta mutu. Wannan ya haifar da dogon lokaci na matsaloli na kashin kai ga Duchenne da iyalinsa da kuma rabuwa da ɗansa (wanda daga baya ya bi Duchenne zuwa aikin likitanci) kuma sun sake haɗuwa ne kawai a ƙarshen rayuwarsa. A shekara ta 1835, Duchenne ta fara gwaji da "electropuncture" na warkewa (wata dabara da François Magendie da Jean-Baptiste Sarlandière suka ƙirƙiro kwanan nan inda aka yi amfani da na'urar lantarki mai kaifi don motsa tsokoki). Bayan ɗan gajeren aure na biyu, Duchenne ya koma Paris a shekarar 1842 domin ci gaba da binciken likitancinsa. A nan, bai sami izinin zama babban asibiti ba, amma ya tallafa wa kansa da ƙaramin asibitin likita mai zaman kansa, yayin da yake ziyartar asibitoci da dama na koyarwa kowace rana, ciki har da cibiyar kula da masu tabin hankali ta Salpêtrière . Ya ƙirƙiro wata dabarar motsa tsoka wadda ba ta da illa wadda ta yi amfani da girgizar faradic a saman fata, wadda ya kira " ''electrisation localisée'' " kuma ya buga waɗannan gwaje-gwajen a cikin aikinsa, ''On Localized Electrization and its Application to Pathology and Therapy'', wanda aka fara bugawa a shekarar 1855. An buga wani ƙarin hoto ga bugu na biyu, ''Kundin Hotunan Pathological'' ( ''Album na Photographies Pathologiques'' ) a shekarar 1862. Bayan 'yan watanni, an buga bugu na farko na aikinsa da aka tattauna yanzu, ''The Mechanism of Human Physiognomy'', . Da ba don wannan ƙaramin aikin da ya yi ba, amma abin mamaki, littafinsa na gaba, sakamakon kusan shekaru 20 na bincike, littafin Duchenne's ''Physiology of Movements'', mafi mahimmancin gudummawarsa ga [[Ilimin magunguna|kimiyyar likitanci]], da ba a lura da shi ba. Duk da rashin tsarinsa na gargajiya, da kuma dangantakarsa da manyan ma'aikatan lafiya da yake aiki da su, rashin son kai na Duchenne ya sa ya sami matsayi a duniya a matsayin likitan jijiyoyi da kuma mai bincike. An ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu haɓaka ilimin electro-physiology da electro-therapeutics, kuma ya nuna cewa murmushin da ke fitowa daga farin ciki na gaske ba wai kawai yana amfani da tsokoki na baki ba har ma da na idanu: irin waɗannan murmushin "na gaske" ana kiransu da murmushin Duchenne don girmama shi. An kuma yaba masa da gano cutar Duchenne muscular dystrophy . Duchenne ta mutu a shekara ta 1875, bayan shekaru da dama na rashin lafiya. Ba a taɓa zaɓensa a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Faransa ba, kuma bai taɓa shiga jami'ar Faransa ba. [1] == ''Tsarin Bayyanar Fuska ta Ɗan Adam'' == [[File:Guillaume_Duchenne_de_Boulogne_performing_facial_electrostimulus_experiments.jpg|right|thumb|343x343px| Nuna yadda ake nuna fuskar mutum. Duchenne da mataimaki suna faradize tsokoki na mimetic na "The Old Man."]] [[File:Guillaume_Duchenne_de_Boulogne_performing_facial_electrostimulus_experiments_(3).jpg|right|thumb|364x364px| Duchenne da majiyyacinsa, "tsohon mutum mara haƙori, mai siririn fuska, wanda siffofinsa, ba tare da sun yi muni ba, sun kusanci abin da ba shi da muhimmanci"]] == Manazarta == bu8wh11n0m0mqam1ql1r0zafjvjqg5w 961660 961659 2026-10-02T04:47:21Z Sardeeq 39275 961660 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Guillaume-Benjamin-Amand Duchenne (de Boulogne)''' (17 ga Satumba, 1806, a Boulogne-sur-Mer – 15 ga Satumba, 1875, a Paris) ƙwararren likitan jijiyoyi ne ɗan Faransa wanda ya farfaɗo da binciken Luigi Galvani kuma ya ci gaba sosai a fannin ilimin electrophysiology . Zamanin ilimin jijiyoyi na zamani ya samo asali ne daga fahimtar Duchenne game da hanyoyin jijiyoyi da sabbin dabarun bincikensa, gami da nazarin halittu masu zurfi, gwaje-gwajen sarrafa jijiyoyi ( NCS ), da kuma daukar hoto na asibiti. An cimma wannan gagarumin aiki (galibi a Salpêtrière ) a bayan wani yanayi na rayuwa mai cike da matsaloli da kuma cibiyar likitanci da kimiyya wadda ba ta damu da kowa ba. Ilimin jijiyoyi bai wanzu a Faransa ba kafin Duchenne, kuma duk da cewa masana tarihi da yawa na likitanci suna ɗaukar [[Jean-Martin Charcot]] a matsayin uban wannan fanni, Charcot ya ba Duchenne bashi mai yawa, sau da yawa yana kiransa " ''mon maître en neurologie'' " (malamina a fannin ilimin jijiyoyi). Masanin ilimin jijiyoyi na Amurka Joseph Collins (1866–1950) ya rubuta cewa Duchenne ya gano ilimin jijiyoyi "wani jariri mai yaɗuwa wanda ba a san asalinsa ba wanda ya taimaka wa matashi mai sha'awar jima'i." <ref name="Collins">{{Cite journal |last=Collins, Joseph |year=1908 |title=Duchenne of Boulogne. A biography and an appreciation |journal=Medical Record |publisher=William Wood |volume=73 |pages=50–54}}</ref> Babban gudunmawar da ya bayar ta kasance a cikin cututtukan da suka haifar da mutuwar sunansa, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Duchenne-Aran spinal muscular atrophy, Duchenne-Erb paralysis, Duchenne's disease ( Tabes dorsalis ), da Duchenne's paralysis ( progressive bulbar palsy ). Shi ne likitan farko da ya fara yin aikin biopsy na tsoka, tare da wata ƙirƙira da ya kira " ''l'emporte-pièce'' " ( trocar na Duchenne). A cikin 1855, ya tsara ka'idodin bincike na electrophysiology kuma ya gabatar da electrotherapy a cikin wani littafi mai suna ''De l'electrisation localisée et de son application à la physiologie, à la pathologie et à la thérapeutique.'' Wani littafin da ke tare da wannan aikin, ''Album de photographies pathologiques'', shi ne rubutun farko na ilimin jijiyoyi da aka kwatanta da hotuna. Littafin Duchenne, ''Mécanisme de la physionomie humaine'' - wanda hotunansa suka nuna a sarari - shine bincike na farko kan ilimin halittar motsin rai kuma ya yi tasiri sosai kan aikin Darwin kan juyin halittar ɗan adam da kuma bayyanar motsin rai. <ref name="Cuthbertson" /> == Tarihin Rayuwa == [[File:G._Duchenne-2.jpg|right|thumb|370x370px| An adana kundin albumen a ɗakin karatu na likitanci na ƙasa da ke Bethesda. Abokan aikin Duchenne sun ƙara " ''de Boulogne'' " a cikin sunansa don guje wa ruɗani da sunan Édouard-Adolphe Duchesne (1804–1869) wanda likita ne mai farin jini a cikin al'umma a Paris. <ref name="Collins" />]] [[File:DuchenneAppareil.jpg|left|thumb| Misalin yanke katako na Duchenne's ''"appareil volta-électrique."'']] Guillaume-Benjamin Duchenne ya fito ne daga dogon layin ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa waɗanda suka zauna a yankin Boulogne-sur-Mer na Faransa. Sabanin burin mahaifinsa na zama matukin jirgin ruwa, kuma sha'awar kimiyya ta motsa shi, Duchenne ya yi rajista a Jami'ar Douai inda ya sami digirin farko yana ɗan shekara 19. <ref name="LasègueStraus">{{Cite journal |last=Lasègue, C. |last2=Straus, J. |year=1875 |title=Duchenne de Boulogne; sa vie scientifique et ses oeuvres |journal=Archives Générales de Médecine |series=6th |publisher=P. Asselin |volume=2 |pages=687–715}}</ref> Daga nan ya yi horo a ƙarƙashin wasu fitattun likitocin birnin Paris, waɗanda suka haɗa da René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781–1826) da Baron Guillaume Dupuytren (1777–1835) kafin ya koma Boulogne ya fara aiki a can. Duchenne ta auri wata mata 'yar yankin, kuma bayan haihuwar ɗansu, matarsa ta mutu. Wannan ya haifar da dogon lokaci na matsaloli na kashin kai ga Duchenne da iyalinsa da kuma rabuwa da ɗansa (wanda daga baya ya bi Duchenne zuwa aikin likitanci) kuma sun sake haɗuwa ne kawai a ƙarshen rayuwarsa. A shekara ta 1835, Duchenne ta fara gwaji da "electropuncture" na warkewa (wata dabara da François Magendie da Jean-Baptiste Sarlandière suka ƙirƙiro kwanan nan inda aka yi amfani da na'urar lantarki mai kaifi don motsa tsokoki). Bayan ɗan gajeren aure na biyu, Duchenne ya koma Paris a shekarar 1842 domin ci gaba da binciken likitancinsa. A nan, bai sami izinin zama babban asibiti ba, amma ya tallafa wa kansa da ƙaramin asibitin likita mai zaman kansa, yayin da yake ziyartar asibitoci da dama na koyarwa kowace rana, ciki har da cibiyar kula da masu tabin hankali ta Salpêtrière . Ya ƙirƙiro wata dabarar motsa tsoka wadda ba ta da illa wadda ta yi amfani da girgizar faradic a saman fata, wadda ya kira " ''electrisation localisée'' " kuma ya buga waɗannan gwaje-gwajen a cikin aikinsa, ''On Localized Electrization and its Application to Pathology and Therapy'', wanda aka fara bugawa a shekarar 1855. An buga wani ƙarin hoto ga bugu na biyu, ''Kundin Hotunan Pathological'' ( ''Album na Photographies Pathologiques'' ) a shekarar 1862. Bayan 'yan watanni, an buga bugu na farko na aikinsa da aka tattauna yanzu, ''The Mechanism of Human Physiognomy'', . Da ba don wannan ƙaramin aikin da ya yi ba, amma abin mamaki, littafinsa na gaba, sakamakon kusan shekaru 20 na bincike, littafin Duchenne's ''Physiology of Movements'', mafi mahimmancin gudummawarsa ga [[Ilimin magunguna|kimiyyar likitanci]], da ba a lura da shi ba. Duk da rashin tsarinsa na gargajiya, da kuma dangantakarsa da manyan ma'aikatan lafiya da yake aiki da su, rashin son kai na Duchenne ya sa ya sami matsayi a duniya a matsayin likitan jijiyoyi da kuma mai bincike. An ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu haɓaka ilimin electro-physiology da electro-therapeutics, kuma ya nuna cewa murmushin da ke fitowa daga farin ciki na gaske ba wai kawai yana amfani da tsokoki na baki ba har ma da na idanu: irin waɗannan murmushin "na gaske" ana kiransu da murmushin Duchenne don girmama shi. An kuma yaba masa da gano cutar Duchenne muscular dystrophy . Duchenne ta mutu a shekara ta 1875, bayan shekaru da dama na rashin lafiya. Ba a taɓa zaɓensa a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Faransa ba, kuma bai taɓa shiga jami'ar Faransa ba. [1] == ''Tsarin Bayyanar Fuska ta Ɗan Adam'' == [[File:Guillaume_Duchenne_de_Boulogne_performing_facial_electrostimulus_experiments.jpg|right|thumb|343x343px| Nuna yadda ake nuna fuskar mutum. Duchenne da mataimaki suna faradize tsokoki na mimetic na "The Old Man."]] [[File:Guillaume_Duchenne_de_Boulogne_performing_facial_electrostimulus_experiments_(3).jpg|right|thumb|364x364px| Duchenne da majiyyacinsa, "tsohon mutum mara haƙori, mai siririn fuska, wanda siffofinsa, ba tare da sun yi muni ba, sun kusanci abin da ba shi da muhimmanci"]] == Manazarta == 0i4x9gxc3759jrdz9u035315w5zp074 0 177815 961661 2026-10-02T04:47:23Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox | group = Cham-Mwana | native_name = Cham-Mwona | population = 53,000 | region = [[Gombe State]], [[Adamawa State]] | languages = Cham | religion = | related_groups = | country = [[Nigeria]] }} '''Cham-Mwona''' (wanda kuma ake kira '''Cham-Mwana''' ko '''Dijim''') wata ƙabila ce ta Najeriya da ke zaune musamman a yankin arewa maso gabashin ƙasar. Library of Congress ta yi amfani da sunan '''Cham-Mwana''' a matsayin sunan ƙabilar, yayin da '''Cham-Mwona''' yake da... 961661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | group = Cham-Mwana | native_name = Cham-Mwona | population = 53,000 | region = [[Gombe State]], [[Adamawa State]] | languages = Cham | religion = | related_groups = | country = [[Nigeria]] }} '''Cham-Mwona''' (wanda kuma ake kira '''Cham-Mwana''' ko '''Dijim''') wata ƙabila ce ta Najeriya da ke zaune musamman a yankin arewa maso gabashin ƙasar. Library of Congress ta yi amfani da sunan '''Cham-Mwana''' a matsayin sunan ƙabilar, yayin da '''Cham-Mwona''' yake daga cikin sunayen da ake amfani da su a matsayin madadin suna. Cham-Mwona suna zaune musamman a wasu sassan [[Jihar Gombe]] da [[Jihar Adamawa]]. Bayanai sun nuna cewa ana samun al'ummar a ƙananan hukumomin Balanga da Kaltungo na Jihar Gombe, da kuma ƙaramar hukumar Lamurde a Jihar Adamawa. Yankin zamansu yana kusa da yankin tsaunukan Muri da kwarin ƙaramar Gongola. == Sunaye == Ana amfani da sunaye daban-daban wajen bayyana wannan al'umma. Daga cikin sunayen akwai '''Cham-Mwana''', '''Cham-Mwona''', '''Dijim''', '''Bwilim''', '''Cam''' da '''Mona'''. Library of Congress ta ɗauki '''Cham-Mwana''' a matsayin babban sunan, yayin da ta nuna '''Cham-Mwona''' a matsayin madadin suna. A wasu bayanan binciken harsuna, ana danganta Cham-Mwana da sunan '''Dijim–Bwilim'''. Wannan ya nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin sunan ƙabila da harsunan da ake magana da su a tsakanin al'ummar. == Wurin zama == Cham-Mwona suna da muhimmiyar alaka da yankin [[Jihar Gombe]]. A cikin Jihar Gombe, ana samun su musamman a Balanga da Kaltungo. Haka kuma akwai al'ummar Cham-Mwana a ƙaramar hukumar Lamurde ta Jihar Adamawa. A [[Balanga Local Government Area|Balanga]], akwai wani yanki da ake kira '''Cham-mwona''' mai lambar gidan waya 761126. Wannan yanki ya ƙunshi ƙauyuka da dama, ciki har da Bare, Buler, Dongaje, Fitilai, Kutared, Kwarge, Lakun Babba, Lakun Tela, Lojah, Mwona Tari, Sabon Layi da Silon. Saboda haka, sunan Cham-Mwona yana da amfani ta hanyoyi biyu: ana amfani da shi wajen bayyana al'umma, sannan kuma ana amfani da shi a matsayin sunan wani yanki na Balanga a Jihar Gombe. == Harshe == Harshen da ake dangantawa da Cham-Mwona shi ne '''Cham''', wanda ake kuma danganta shi da sunayen '''Dijim''' da '''Bwilim'''. An rarraba harshen Cham cikin dangin harsunan [[Niger-Congo languages|Niger–Congo]]. Bayanan binciken harsuna sun nuna cewa ana amfani da '''Dijim–Bwilim''' wajen bayyana rukunin harsunan da ke da alaƙa da Cham-Mwana. Wannan ya sa sunan Cham-Mwona yake da alaƙa kai tsaye da tarihin harshe da al'ummar da ke magana da shi. == Tarihi == Cham-Mwona na daga cikin tsoffin al'ummomin da suka zauna a yankin da yanzu ya ƙunshi sassan Gombe da Adamawa. Yankin yana da tarihin ƙabilu da harsuna daban-daban, musamman a kusa da kwarin Gongola da tsaunukan Muri. Binciken harshe da na al'adu ya nuna cewa Cham-Mwana na daga cikin al'ummomin yankin Benue Valley. Masana sun yi amfani da sunaye daban-daban wajen bayyana al'ummar a lokuta daban-daban, ciki har da Cham-Mwana, Dijim, Bwilim da Cham-Mwona. == Al'adu == Cham-Mwona na da tarihin fasahar gargajiya da suka haɗa da tukwane da wasu abubuwan fasaha. Wasu kayan fasahar da ake dangantawa da Cham-Mwana an adana su a cibiyoyin bincike da gidajen tarihi saboda muhimmancinsu wajen nazarin al'adun al'ummomin yankin. Tukwane da sauran kayayyakin gargajiya suna daga cikin abubuwan da masu bincike suka yi amfani da su wajen nazarin rayuwar al'ummomin Cham-Mwana da sauran al'ummomin da ke makwabtaka da su. == Yawan jama'a == Wasu bayanan bincike sun kiyasta yawan masu magana da harshen Cham a Najeriya da kusan mutane 53,000. Wannan adadi ya kamata a ɗauke shi a matsayin kiyasi daga tushen bincike, ba ƙidayar jama'a ta zamani ba. == Duba kuma == * [[Balanga]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Adamawa State]] * [[Kaltungo]] * [[Lamurde]] * [[Dikaka language]] * [[Waja people]] == Manazarta == * Library of Congress. ''Library of Congress Subject Headings'', sashen C. Ya jera '''Cham-Mwana (African people)''' kuma ya nuna '''Cham-Mwona (African people)''' a matsayin madadin suna. * Blench, Roger. ''Atlas of Nigerian Languages''. Bayanansa sun danganta '''Cham-Mwana''' da '''Dijim–Bwilim''', sannan sun nuna '''Cham-Mwona''' a matsayin sunan da ake amfani da shi ga wannan rukunin harshe. * Joshua Project. ''Cham-Mwana, Dijim in Nigeria''. Ya ba da bayanai kan wuraren zama, harshe da yawan jama'a. * Nigeria Postcode. ''Postcode 761126''. Ya lissafa ƙauyukan da ke ƙarƙashin yankin Cham-mwona na Balanga, Jihar Gombe. * African Art Archive. ''Cham People — Masks, Figures & Identification''. Ya bayyana sunayen Cham-Mwana, Dijim, Bwilim, Cam da Mona da kuma alaƙarsu da al'ummomin yankin Benue Valley. {{Reflist}} i4sblj1m5e1ailpngzj9fu4elu43x1o 0 177816 961662 2026-10-02T04:48:53Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372019211|Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol]]" 961662 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol''' (3 ga Fabrairu 1772 - 12 ga Disamba 1840) ƙwararren likitan tabin hankali ne ɗan Faransa. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haife shi kuma ya girma a [[Toulouse]], Esquirol ya kammala karatunsa a [[Montpellier]] . Ya zo [[Faris|birnin Paris]] a shekarar 1799 inda ya yi aiki a Asibitin Salpêtrière kuma ya zama ɗalibi da Philippe Pinel ya fi so. Domin baiwa Esquirol damar yin bincike mai zurfi kan hauka a wuri mai dacewa, an ruwaito cewa Pinel ya sanya tsaron gida da lambun a kan Rue de Buffon inda Esquirol ya kafa ''[[maison de santé]]'' ko [[Asibitin Cututtukan Zuciya|mafaka]] ta sirri a 1801 ko 1802. ''Gidan'' Esquirol ya yi nasara sosai, an sanya shi a cikin 1810, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun cibiyoyi uku a birnin Paris. A shekarar 1805 ya buga takardarsa ta ƙarshe '', wato "Sha'awa" da aka yi la'akari da su a matsayin sanadin, alamu da kuma hanyoyin magance matsalar hauka'' . Kamar Pinel, Esquirol ya yi imanin cewa asalin rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yana samuwa ne daga sha'awar rai kuma ya gamsu cewa hauka ba ya shafar dalilin majiyyaci gaba ɗaya kuma ba tare da wata matsala ba. == Sana'a == [[File:Esquirol.JPG|left|thumb|267x267px| Asibitin Esquirol a Saint-Maurice (Val de Marne)]] An sanya Esquirol ''médecin'' a Salpêtrière a cikin 1811, bayan mutuwar Jean-Baptiste Pussin, amintaccen wakilin Pinel. Pinel ya zaɓi Esquirol saboda, kamar yadda Pinel ya faɗa, "likita ne... wanda ya keɓe kansa ga nazarin hauka," yana jayayya cewa tare da shekaru masu yawa na ƙwarewar ''maison de santé'' shi kaɗai ne mutumin da ya dace da aikin. Esquirol ya ga batun hauka a matsayin tsari da kuma na ƙasa. Wannan ya kasance gaskiya musamman ga talakawa inda ya ga jihar, tare da taimakon likitoci, tana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Ya kuma ga muhimmiyar rawa ga likitoci wajen kula da mutanen da ake zargi da laifuka waɗanda aka ayyana ba su da alhakinsu saboda hauka. A cikin takaddamar jama'a game da wannan tambayar, ya ƙarfafa amfani da ganewar asali na monomania . Ta hanyar ɗaukar irin wannan muhimmiyar rawa a cikin waɗannan al'amuran jama'a, shahararsa ta fi ta malaminsa Pinel. A shekara ta 1817, a ƙarƙashin masarautar Bourbon da aka maido, Esquirol ya fara wani kwas a kan ''cututtukan kwakwalwa'' a cikin ɗakunan cin abinci na Salpêtrière. Wannan wataƙila shine koyarwar farko ta ilimin tabin hankali a Faransa. A shekara ta 1817 ne ya ƙirƙiro kalmar mafarki. A wannan lokacin ba farfesa ba ne a sashen koyarwa na birnin Paris ko kuma babban likita a wani asibiti a birnin Paris, sai dai kawai ''likitan gargajiya ne'' . Duk da haka, an ruwaito cewa yana ɗaya daga cikin malaman asibiti waɗanda "ɗalibai ke taruwa da wani irin hauka." : 129–130 Yana da ɗalibai da yawa masu hazaka. A shekarun 1810, 1814 da 1817, Esquirol, da kuɗinsa, ya yi rangadin wuraren kula da mahaukata a faɗin [[Faransa]] . A shekara ta 1818 bayan waɗannan tafiye-tafiyen, ya rubuta ɗan gajeren tarihin rayuwarsa da aka gabatar wa ministan harkokin cikin gida da kuma cikakken bayani game da bincikensa da aka buga a cikin ''Dictionnaire des sciences médicales'' . Waɗannan labaran sun bayyana, a cikin kalmomi masu kyau da ban tsoro, yanayin da mahaukata ke rayuwa a cikinsa a duk faɗin Faransa. Sun nuna cewa gyare-gyaren da aka yi a birnin Paris ba su shiga lardunan ba. Tare da waɗannan sharuɗɗan guda biyu, an yi wani shiri na gyara da aka tsara wa gwamnati da kuma aikin likitanci. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 12bi7o8snw9pk1qyqogvpo3i1phns5j 961664 961662 2026-10-02T04:50:27Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372019211|Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol]]" 961664 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol''' (3 ga Fabrairu 1772 - 12 ga Disamba 1840) ƙwararren likitan tabin hankali ne ɗan Faransa. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haife shi kuma ya girma a [[Toulouse]], Esquirol ya kammala karatunsa a [[Montpellier]] . Ya zo [[Faris|birnin Paris]] a shekarar 1799 inda ya yi aiki a Asibitin Salpêtrière kuma ya zama ɗalibi da Philippe Pinel ya fi so. Domin baiwa Esquirol damar yin bincike mai zurfi kan hauka a wuri mai dacewa, an ruwaito cewa Pinel ya sanya tsaron gida da lambun a kan Rue de Buffon inda Esquirol ya kafa ''[[maison de santé]]'' ko [[Asibitin Cututtukan Zuciya|mafaka]] ta sirri a 1801 ko 1802. ''Gidan'' Esquirol ya yi nasara sosai, an sanya shi a cikin 1810, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun cibiyoyi uku a birnin Paris. A shekarar 1805 ya buga takardarsa ta ƙarshe '', wato "Sha'awa" da aka yi la'akari da su a matsayin sanadin, alamu da kuma hanyoyin magance matsalar hauka'' . Kamar Pinel, Esquirol ya yi imanin cewa asalin rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yana samuwa ne daga sha'awar rai kuma ya gamsu cewa hauka ba ya shafar dalilin majiyyaci gaba ɗaya kuma ba tare da wata matsala ba. == Sana'a == [[File:Esquirol.JPG|left|thumb|267x267px| Asibitin Esquirol a Saint-Maurice (Val de Marne)]] An sanya Esquirol ''médecin ordinaire'' a Salpêtrière a 1811, bayan mutuwar Jean-Baptiste Pussin, amintaccen wakilin Pinel. Pinel ya zaɓi Esquirol saboda, kamar yadda Pinel ya faɗa, "likita ne... wanda ya keɓe kansa ga nazarin hauka," yana jayayya cewa tare da shekaru masu yawa na ƙwarewar ''maison de santé'' shi kaɗai ne mutumin da ya dace da aikin. Esquirol ya ga batun hauka a matsayin tsari da kuma na ƙasa. Wannan ya kasance gaskiya musamman ga talakawa inda ya ga jihar, tare da taimakon likitoci, tana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Ya kuma ga muhimmiyar rawa ga likitoci wajen kula da mutanen da ake zargi da laifuka waɗanda aka ayyana ba su da alhakinsu saboda hauka. A cikin takaddamar jama'a game da wannan tambayar, ya ƙarfafa amfani da ganewar asali na monomania . Ta hanyar ɗaukar irin wannan muhimmiyar rawa a cikin waɗannan al'amuran jama'a, shahararsa ta fi ta malaminsa Pinel. A shekara ta 1817, a ƙarƙashin masarautar Bourbon da aka maido, Esquirol ya fara wani kwas a kan ''cututtukan kwakwalwa'' a cikin ɗakunan cin abinci na Salpêtrière. Wannan wataƙila shine koyarwar farko ta ilimin tabin hankali a Faransa. A shekara ta 1817 ne ya ƙirƙiro kalmar mafarki. A wannan lokacin ba farfesa ba ne a sashen koyarwa na birnin Paris ko kuma babban likita a wani asibiti a birnin Paris, sai dai kawai ''likitan gargajiya ne'' . Duk da haka, an ruwaito cewa yana ɗaya daga cikin malaman asibiti waɗanda "ɗalibai ke taruwa da wani irin hauka." {{Rp|pages=129–130}}Yana da ɗalibai da yawa masu hazaka. A shekarun 1810, 1814 da 1817, Esquirol, da kuɗinsa, ya yi rangadin wuraren kula da mahaukata a faɗin [[Faransa]] . A shekara ta 1818 bayan waɗannan tafiye-tafiyen, ya rubuta ɗan gajeren tarihin rayuwarsa da aka gabatar wa ministan harkokin cikin gida da kuma cikakken bayani game da bincikensa da aka buga a cikin ''Dictionnaire des sciences médicales'' . Waɗannan labaran sun bayyana, a cikin kalmomi masu kyau da ban tsoro, yanayin da mahaukata ke rayuwa a cikinsa a duk faɗin Faransa. Sun nuna cewa gyare-gyaren da aka yi a birnin Paris ba su shiga lardunan ba. Tare da waɗannan sharuɗɗan guda biyu, an yi wani shiri na gyara da aka tsara wa gwamnati da kuma aikin likitanci. Wannan shirin ya ƙunshi maki huɗu: * Da farko, ya kamata a yi wa wannan hauka magani a asibitoci na musamman ta hannun likitoci masu horo na musamman. * Na biyu, wannan gyaran ya ƙunshi fitar da ci gaban da aka samu a birnin Paris zuwa lardunan. * Na uku, cewa "asibitin mahaukaci kayan aiki ne na warkarwa". Da wannan yana nufin cewa dole ne a tsara tsarin zahiri na sabbin asibitocin tabin hankali don tallafawa aikin sabon ƙwarewa. * Na huɗu, Esquirol ya dage kan cewa dole [[Magunguna|ne a yi maganin]] mahaukata ta hanyar da ta dace. "Dole ne likita ya zama, a wani yanayi, babban jami'in asibiti mai fama da mahaukaci. Shi ne ya kamata ya fara aiki... Ya kamata a ba wa likitan iko wanda babu wanda aka keɓe daga gare shi." Bisa ga umarnin ministan harkokin cikin gida, Esquirol ya yi wani bincike a duk fadin kasar, inda ya ziyarci dukkan cibiyoyin da ke fadin Faransa inda ake killace masu tabin hankali. A shekara ta 1822 aka naɗa shi babban sufeto na sashen likitanci, kuma a shekara ta 1825 aka naɗa shi darektan asibitin Charenton . Ya zama babban mai tsara dokokin ƙasa na shekarar 1838 wanda ya kafa wuraren mafaka ga duk masu fama da tabin hankali na Faransa waɗanda ke buƙata kuma har yanzu yana aiki a yau. A shekara ta 1834, an zaɓe shi memba na ƙasashen waje na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Royal Swedish . == Manazarta == *   *   *   * {{Cite journal |last=Ottaviani |first=R |last2=Vanni Paolo |last3=Guerin E |last4=Boddi V |last5=Vanni D |year=2002 |title=On Esquirol's historical and statistical study of the royal establishment at Charenton |journal=[[Vesalius: Acta Internationales Historiae Medicinae]] |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=23–33 |pmid=12422885}} * {{Cite journal |last=Caire |first=M |year=1997 |title=Esquirol in 1805: titles, publications, performed duties |journal=[[Histoire des Sciences Médicales]] |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=45–52 |issn=0440-8888 |pmid=11625101}} * {{Cite journal |last=Weiner |first=D B |year=1989 |title=Esquirol's patient register: the first private psychiatric hospital in Paris, 1802–1808 |journal=[[Bulletin of the History of Medicine]] |volume=63 |issue=1 |pages=110–20 |issn=0007-5140 |pmid=2670011}} * {{Cite journal |last=Szapiro |first=E |year=1976 |title=Pinel and Esquirol: some comments on the beginning of a friendship |journal=[[Annales médico-psychologiques]] |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=59–61 |issn=0003-4487 |pmid=798504}} * {{Cite journal |last=Schrenk |first=M |year=1973 |title=Pathology of passions. In memoriam J.E.D. Esquirol, born 1772 |journal=[[Der Nervenarzt]] |location=[[West Germany]] |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=195–8 |issn=0028-2804 |pmid=4573586}} * {{Cite journal |last=Mora |first=G |year=1972 |title=On the bicentenary of the birth of Esquirol (1772–1840), the first complete psychiatrist |journal=[[The American Journal of Psychiatry]] |volume=129 |issue=5 |pages=562–7 |doi=10.1176/ajp.129.5.562 |issn=0002-953X |pmid=4562465}} * {{Cite journal |last=Grecu |first=G |year=1972 |title=200th anniversary of the birth of the great French psychiatrist, Jean-Etienne-Dominique Esquirol |journal=[[Neurologia, Psihiatria, Neurochirurgia]] |location=[[Romania]] |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=553–7 |issn=0028-386X |pmid=4571250}} * {{Cite journal |last=Baruk |first=H |year=1971 |title=Work of Pinel and Esquirol in the light of "antipsychiatry" |journal=[[Bull. Acad. Natl. Med.]] |location=[[France]] |volume=155 |issue=9 |pages=205–15 |issn=0001-4079 |pmid=4934293}} * '''Goldstein, Jan'''. ''Console and Classify: The French Psychiatric Profession in the Nineteenth Century,'' [Cambridge, Cambridge U.P., 1987]. * '''Weiner, Dora'''. ‘Le geste de Pinel: Psychiatric Myth,’ in Mark S. Micale and Roy Porter [eds.], ''Discovering the History of Psychiatry'' [Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1994] 232–247. * '''Gauchet, Marcel''' & '''Swain, Gladys'''. [Translated by Catherine Porter], ''Madness and Democracy: the Modern Psychiatric Universe.'' [Princeton NJ, Princeton University Press, 1999]. * Rafael Huertas, "Between doctrine and clinical practice: nosography and semiology in the work of Jean-Etienne-Dominique Esquirol (1772—1840)," ''History of Psychiatry'', 19,2 (2008), 123–140. ajjspwpdmbjbu0v4doflfsjvn41q19d 961665 961664 2026-10-02T04:50:45Z Sardeeq 39275 961665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol''' (3 ga Fabrairu 1772 - 12 ga Disamba 1840) ƙwararren likitan tabin hankali ne ɗan Faransa. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haife shi kuma ya girma a [[Toulouse]], Esquirol ya kammala karatunsa a [[Montpellier]] . Ya zo [[Faris|birnin Paris]] a shekarar 1799 inda ya yi aiki a Asibitin Salpêtrière kuma ya zama ɗalibi da Philippe Pinel ya fi so. Domin baiwa Esquirol damar yin bincike mai zurfi kan hauka a wuri mai dacewa, an ruwaito cewa Pinel ya sanya tsaron gida da lambun a kan Rue de Buffon inda Esquirol ya kafa ''[[maison de santé]]'' ko [[Asibitin Cututtukan Zuciya|mafaka]] ta sirri a 1801 ko 1802. ''Gidan'' Esquirol ya yi nasara sosai, an sanya shi a cikin 1810, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun cibiyoyi uku a birnin Paris. A shekarar 1805 ya buga takardarsa ta ƙarshe '', wato "Sha'awa" da aka yi la'akari da su a matsayin sanadin, alamu da kuma hanyoyin magance matsalar hauka'' . Kamar Pinel, Esquirol ya yi imanin cewa asalin rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa yana samuwa ne daga sha'awar rai kuma ya gamsu cewa hauka ba ya shafar dalilin majiyyaci gaba ɗaya kuma ba tare da wata matsala ba. == Sana'a == [[File:Esquirol.JPG|left|thumb|267x267px| Asibitin Esquirol a Saint-Maurice (Val de Marne)]] An sanya Esquirol ''médecin ordinaire'' a Salpêtrière a 1811, bayan mutuwar Jean-Baptiste Pussin, amintaccen wakilin Pinel. Pinel ya zaɓi Esquirol saboda, kamar yadda Pinel ya faɗa, "likita ne... wanda ya keɓe kansa ga nazarin hauka," yana jayayya cewa tare da shekaru masu yawa na ƙwarewar ''maison de santé'' shi kaɗai ne mutumin da ya dace da aikin. Esquirol ya ga batun hauka a matsayin tsari da kuma na ƙasa. Wannan ya kasance gaskiya musamman ga talakawa inda ya ga jihar, tare da taimakon likitoci, tana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Ya kuma ga muhimmiyar rawa ga likitoci wajen kula da mutanen da ake zargi da laifuka waɗanda aka ayyana ba su da alhakinsu saboda hauka. A cikin takaddamar jama'a game da wannan tambayar, ya ƙarfafa amfani da ganewar asali na monomania . Ta hanyar ɗaukar irin wannan muhimmiyar rawa a cikin waɗannan al'amuran jama'a, shahararsa ta fi ta malaminsa Pinel. A shekara ta 1817, a ƙarƙashin masarautar Bourbon da aka maido, Esquirol ya fara wani kwas a kan ''cututtukan kwakwalwa'' a cikin ɗakunan cin abinci na Salpêtrière. Wannan wataƙila shine koyarwar farko ta ilimin tabin hankali a Faransa. A shekara ta 1817 ne ya ƙirƙiro kalmar mafarki. A wannan lokacin ba farfesa ba ne a sashen koyarwa na birnin Paris ko kuma babban likita a wani asibiti a birnin Paris, sai dai kawai ''likitan gargajiya ne'' . Duk da haka, an ruwaito cewa yana ɗaya daga cikin malaman asibiti waɗanda "ɗalibai ke taruwa da wani irin hauka." {{Rp|pages=129–130}}Yana da ɗalibai da yawa masu hazaka. A shekarun 1810, 1814 da 1817, Esquirol, da kuɗinsa, ya yi rangadin wuraren kula da mahaukata a faɗin [[Faransa]] . A shekara ta 1818 bayan waɗannan tafiye-tafiyen, ya rubuta ɗan gajeren tarihin rayuwarsa da aka gabatar wa ministan harkokin cikin gida da kuma cikakken bayani game da bincikensa da aka buga a cikin ''Dictionnaire des sciences médicales'' . Waɗannan labaran sun bayyana, a cikin kalmomi masu kyau da ban tsoro, yanayin da mahaukata ke rayuwa a cikinsa a duk faɗin Faransa. Sun nuna cewa gyare-gyaren da aka yi a birnin Paris ba su shiga lardunan ba. Tare da waɗannan sharuɗɗan guda biyu, an yi wani shiri na gyara da aka tsara wa gwamnati da kuma aikin likitanci. Wannan shirin ya ƙunshi maki huɗu: * Da farko, ya kamata a yi wa wannan hauka magani a asibitoci na musamman ta hannun likitoci masu horo na musamman. * Na biyu, wannan gyaran ya ƙunshi fitar da ci gaban da aka samu a birnin Paris zuwa lardunan. * Na uku, cewa "asibitin mahaukaci kayan aiki ne na warkarwa". Da wannan yana nufin cewa dole ne a tsara tsarin zahiri na sabbin asibitocin tabin hankali don tallafawa aikin sabon ƙwarewa. * Na huɗu, Esquirol ya dage kan cewa dole [[Magunguna|ne a yi maganin]] mahaukata ta hanyar da ta dace. "Dole ne likita ya zama, a wani yanayi, babban jami'in asibiti mai fama da mahaukaci. Shi ne ya kamata ya fara aiki... Ya kamata a ba wa likitan iko wanda babu wanda aka keɓe daga gare shi." Bisa ga umarnin ministan harkokin cikin gida, Esquirol ya yi wani bincike a duk fadin kasar, inda ya ziyarci dukkan cibiyoyin da ke fadin Faransa inda ake killace masu tabin hankali. A shekara ta 1822 aka naɗa shi babban sufeto na sashen likitanci, kuma a shekara ta 1825 aka naɗa shi darektan asibitin Charenton . Ya zama babban mai tsara dokokin ƙasa na shekarar 1838 wanda ya kafa wuraren mafaka ga duk masu fama da tabin hankali na Faransa waɗanda ke buƙata kuma har yanzu yana aiki a yau. A shekara ta 1834, an zaɓe shi memba na ƙasashen waje na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Royal Swedish . == Manazarta == *   *   *   * {{Cite journal |last=Ottaviani |first=R |last2=Vanni Paolo |last3=Guerin E |last4=Boddi V |last5=Vanni D |year=2002 |title=On Esquirol's historical and statistical study of the royal establishment at Charenton |journal=[[Vesalius: Acta Internationales Historiae Medicinae]] |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=23–33 |pmid=12422885}} * {{Cite journal |last=Caire |first=M |year=1997 |title=Esquirol in 1805: titles, publications, performed duties |journal=[[Histoire des Sciences Médicales]] |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=45–52 |issn=0440-8888 |pmid=11625101}} * {{Cite journal |last=Weiner |first=D B |year=1989 |title=Esquirol's patient register: the first private psychiatric hospital in Paris, 1802–1808 |journal=[[Bulletin of the History of Medicine]] |volume=63 |issue=1 |pages=110–20 |issn=0007-5140 |pmid=2670011}} * {{Cite journal |last=Szapiro |first=E |year=1976 |title=Pinel and Esquirol: some comments on the beginning of a friendship |journal=[[Annales médico-psychologiques]] |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=59–61 |issn=0003-4487 |pmid=798504}} * {{Cite journal |last=Schrenk |first=M |year=1973 |title=Pathology of passions. In memoriam J.E.D. Esquirol, born 1772 |journal=[[Der Nervenarzt]] |location=[[West Germany]] |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=195–8 |issn=0028-2804 |pmid=4573586}} * {{Cite journal |last=Mora |first=G |year=1972 |title=On the bicentenary of the birth of Esquirol (1772–1840), the first complete psychiatrist |journal=[[The American Journal of Psychiatry]] |volume=129 |issue=5 |pages=562–7 |doi=10.1176/ajp.129.5.562 |issn=0002-953X |pmid=4562465}} * {{Cite journal |last=Grecu |first=G |year=1972 |title=200th anniversary of the birth of the great French psychiatrist, Jean-Etienne-Dominique Esquirol |journal=[[Neurologia, Psihiatria, Neurochirurgia]] |location=[[Romania]] |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=553–7 |issn=0028-386X |pmid=4571250}} * {{Cite journal |last=Baruk |first=H |year=1971 |title=Work of Pinel and Esquirol in the light of "antipsychiatry" |journal=[[Bull. Acad. Natl. Med.]] |location=[[France]] |volume=155 |issue=9 |pages=205–15 |issn=0001-4079 |pmid=4934293}} * '''Goldstein, Jan'''. ''Console and Classify: The French Psychiatric Profession in the Nineteenth Century,'' [Cambridge, Cambridge U.P., 1987]. * '''Weiner, Dora'''. ‘Le geste de Pinel: Psychiatric Myth,’ in Mark S. Micale and Roy Porter [eds.], ''Discovering the History of Psychiatry'' [Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1994] 232–247. * '''Gauchet, Marcel''' & '''Swain, Gladys'''. [Translated by Catherine Porter], ''Madness and Democracy: the Modern Psychiatric Universe.'' [Princeton NJ, Princeton University Press, 1999]. * Rafael Huertas, "Between doctrine and clinical practice: nosography and semiology in the work of Jean-Etienne-Dominique Esquirol (1772—1840)," ''History of Psychiatry'', 19,2 (2008), 123–140. nle6vnyxpegwk3p5lywp963predff9h 0 177817 961666 2026-10-02T04:52:07Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372766856|William Charles Ellis]]" 961666 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sir William Charles Ellis''' (10 Maris 1780 - 24 Oktoba 1839) likita ne ɗan Ingila wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da asibiti na West Riding Pauper Lunatic sannan daga baya Hanwell Asylum . Ra'ayoyinsa kan maganin cututtukan tabin hankali sun yi tasiri sosai. == Tarihin Rayuwa == [[File:Ellis_arms.svg|left|thumb|165x165px| Hannun Ellis na Kidal Hall]] An haifi Ellis a Alford, Lincolnshire kuma zuriyar dangin Ellis na Kiddal Hall ne (tsohuwar dangin Yorkshire ce wadda Earls na Normanton da Viscounts Clifden suka fito, da kuma wanda ake kyautata zaton ya ƙirƙira Rugby William Webb Ellis da Sir William Ellis Sakataren Harkokin Waje da ke gudun hijira zuwa James II na Ingila ). Ya sami digirinsa na Doctor of Medicine (MD) kuma ya zama memba na Kwalejin Sarauta ta Likitoci . Aikinsa na farko ya kasance a matsayin mai maganin shafawa a Hull, amma ba da daɗewa ba ya fara sha'awar maganin cututtukan tabin hankali. <ref name="ODNB">Smith, Leonard D. (2004) "Ellis, Sir William Charles (1780–1839)" in ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''. Oxford University Press {{Doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/53734}}</ref> Wannan ya koya a Sculcoates Refuge da ke Hull; wanda aka gudanar da shi akan irin wannan samfurin kamar York Retreat . A shekara ta 1817 aka naɗa wani William Ellis a matsayin babban jami'in kula da sabon ginin West Riding Pauper Lunatic Asylum da ke Wakefield. Ellis, wanda yake bin addinin Methodist, shi ma yana da ƙarfin imani na addini. Da matarsa a matsayin uwargida, ya yi amfani da irin waɗannan ƙa'idodi na kula da ɗan adam da kuma kula da ɗabi'a kamar yadda ake yi a Sculcoates Refuge. Bayan shekaru 13, sunansu ya yi yawa har aka gayyace su su gudanar da sabon gidan marayu na farko da aka gina a Middlesex mai suna Hanwell Asylum . <ref name="ODNB" /> Bayan karɓar mukaman, an buɗe sansanin mafaka a watan Mayu na 1831. A nan Ellis sun gabatar da nasu nau'in "maganin ɗan adam" da kuma maganin ɗabi'a tare da "aikin warkarwa". Hanyar da Ellis ya bi ta yi wa marasa lafiya kyau: ta kasance ta son rai kuma ta sa su ji suna da daraja da kuma godiya, domin su iya dawo da darajar kansu. Haka kuma, ta hanyar samun wani abu da ke da manufa ta gaske wanda ya taimaka wajen kula da wasu ko kuma gudanar da mafakar, ba wai kawai za su iya ɗaukar lokacinsu ba, har ma su cire tunaninsu daga matsalolinsu, ta yadda kashe kai ya zama ba kasafai ake samunsa ba. Marasa lafiya da suka kiyaye dabarunsu na yau da kullun ta wannan hanyar sun sami sauƙin sake dawowa rayuwarsu, lokacin da suka isa su tafi, wanda yanzu ya zo da wuri, yayin da hanyoyin suka hanzarta murmurewa. Ellis ya shahara a rayuwarsa saboda aikinsa na farko da kuma bin wannan "Babban Ka'ida ta Aikin Jinya". An ba shi lada da kambin jarumi a hannun William na Huɗu a shekarar 1835. A nan ya kamata a lura cewa bayanan da suka nuna rashin kyawun adadin murmurewa fiye da waɗanda aka samu a yau jimillar adadin marasa lafiya ne. Yayin da sabon tsarin mafaka ke ƙaruwa, haka nan adadin waɗanda aka karɓa waɗanda aka ɗauka a matsayin "marasa magani" kuma suka bambanta da "mahaukaci" waɗanda aka gina wa waɗannan cibiyoyi. Yawancin waɗannan sabbin azuzuwan marasa lafiya tsofaffi ne, waɗanda gidajen aiki suka tura su a matsayin marasa lafiya kuma suna gab da mutuwa. Bugu da ƙari, kafin a fara amfani da maganin rigakafi, akwai wasu cututtuka marasa magani da ke shiga jiki, kamar waɗanda ke ɗauke da [[Tunjere|cutar syphilis ta uku]] da kuma [[Ciwon sanyi|gonorrhea]] . A ƙarshen ƙarni na 19, an kwantar da ƙarin mutane da ke fama da farfadiya. Duk waɗannan ƙarin marasa lafiya sun sami tasirin rage wasu labaran zamani da ke sukar ingancin waɗannan cibiyoyin farko, duk da tarin bayanai masu cikakken bayani da suka tsira daga lokacin. Ellis ya yi murabus daga muƙaminsa a Hanwell a shekarar 1838. Wannan ya faru ne saboda alkalan da suka ziyarta sun nemi sake fadada karfin sansanin. Tunda cibiyar ta sami cikakken kuɗin shiga ne ta hanyar haraji kan farashin gida, a ra'ayin alkalai, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da kadarorin da kuɗin da aka kashe yadda ya kamata. Akwai bayanai da kididdiga da ke nuna cewa lallai ana cimma wannan, amma hakan ya buƙaci cikakken sauyi a yadda aka tsara, aka gudanar da shi, da kuma yadda aka gudanar da mafakar. William da matarsa Mildred sun ji daɗin shiga cikin dukkan fannoni na kula da marasa lafiya da kuma kula da ma'aikata, don ƙirƙirar yanayi na "gida" ko na gida (ko kuma kamar yadda aka sake ƙirƙira shi a yau, "nidotherapy"). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tyrer |first=P. |year=2005 |title=Nidotherapy: Making the environment do the therapeutic work |journal=Advances in Psychiatric Treatment |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=232–238 |doi=10.1192/apt.11.3.232 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Manazarta == n7r0jc2kd84hmewymgz6as3dqqysw2x 961668 961666 2026-10-02T04:52:23Z Sardeeq 39275 961668 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sir William Charles Ellis''' (10 Maris 1780 - 24 Oktoba 1839) likita ne ɗan Ingila wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da asibiti na West Riding Pauper Lunatic sannan daga baya Hanwell Asylum . Ra'ayoyinsa kan maganin cututtukan tabin hankali sun yi tasiri sosai. == Tarihin Rayuwa == [[File:Ellis_arms.svg|left|thumb|165x165px| Hannun Ellis na Kidal Hall]] An haifi Ellis a Alford, Lincolnshire kuma zuriyar dangin Ellis na Kiddal Hall ne (tsohuwar dangin Yorkshire ce wadda Earls na Normanton da Viscounts Clifden suka fito, da kuma wanda ake kyautata zaton ya ƙirƙira Rugby William Webb Ellis da Sir William Ellis Sakataren Harkokin Waje da ke gudun hijira zuwa James II na Ingila ). Ya sami digirinsa na Doctor of Medicine (MD) kuma ya zama memba na Kwalejin Sarauta ta Likitoci . Aikinsa na farko ya kasance a matsayin mai maganin shafawa a Hull, amma ba da daɗewa ba ya fara sha'awar maganin cututtukan tabin hankali. <ref name="ODNB">Smith, Leonard D. (2004) "Ellis, Sir William Charles (1780–1839)" in ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''. Oxford University Press {{Doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/53734}}</ref> Wannan ya koya a Sculcoates Refuge da ke Hull; wanda aka gudanar da shi akan irin wannan samfurin kamar York Retreat . A shekara ta 1817 aka naɗa wani William Ellis a matsayin babban jami'in kula da sabon ginin West Riding Pauper Lunatic Asylum da ke Wakefield. Ellis, wanda yake bin addinin Methodist, shi ma yana da ƙarfin imani na addini. Da matarsa a matsayin uwargida, ya yi amfani da irin waɗannan ƙa'idodi na kula da ɗan adam da kuma kula da ɗabi'a kamar yadda ake yi a Sculcoates Refuge. Bayan shekaru 13, sunansu ya yi yawa har aka gayyace su su gudanar da sabon gidan marayu na farko da aka gina a Middlesex mai suna Hanwell Asylum . <ref name="ODNB" /> Bayan karɓar mukaman, an buɗe sansanin mafaka a watan Mayu na 1831. A nan Ellis sun gabatar da nasu nau'in "maganin ɗan adam" da kuma maganin ɗabi'a tare da "aikin warkarwa". Hanyar da Ellis ya bi ta yi wa marasa lafiya kyau: ta kasance ta son rai kuma ta sa su ji suna da daraja da kuma godiya, domin su iya dawo da darajar kansu. Haka kuma, ta hanyar samun wani abu da ke da manufa ta gaske wanda ya taimaka wajen kula da wasu ko kuma gudanar da mafakar, ba wai kawai za su iya ɗaukar lokacinsu ba, har ma su cire tunaninsu daga matsalolinsu, ta yadda kashe kai ya zama ba kasafai ake samunsa ba. Marasa lafiya da suka kiyaye dabarunsu na yau da kullun ta wannan hanyar sun sami sauƙin sake dawowa rayuwarsu, lokacin da suka isa su tafi, wanda yanzu ya zo da wuri, yayin da hanyoyin suka hanzarta murmurewa. Ellis ya shahara a rayuwarsa saboda aikinsa na farko da kuma bin wannan "Babban Ka'ida ta Aikin Jinya". An ba shi lada da kambin jarumi a hannun William na Huɗu a shekarar 1835. A nan ya kamata a lura cewa bayanan da suka nuna rashin kyawun adadin murmurewa fiye da waɗanda aka samu a yau jimillar adadin marasa lafiya ne. Yayin da sabon tsarin mafaka ke ƙaruwa, haka nan adadin waɗanda aka karɓa waɗanda aka ɗauka a matsayin "marasa magani" kuma suka bambanta da "mahaukaci" waɗanda aka gina wa waɗannan cibiyoyi. Yawancin waɗannan sabbin azuzuwan marasa lafiya tsofaffi ne, waɗanda gidajen aiki suka tura su a matsayin marasa lafiya kuma suna gab da mutuwa. Bugu da ƙari, kafin a fara amfani da maganin rigakafi, akwai wasu cututtuka marasa magani da ke shiga jiki, kamar waɗanda ke ɗauke da [[Tunjere|cutar syphilis ta uku]] da kuma [[Ciwon sanyi|gonorrhea]] . A ƙarshen ƙarni na 19, an kwantar da ƙarin mutane da ke fama da farfadiya. Duk waɗannan ƙarin marasa lafiya sun sami tasirin rage wasu labaran zamani da ke sukar ingancin waɗannan cibiyoyin farko, duk da tarin bayanai masu cikakken bayani da suka tsira daga lokacin. Ellis ya yi murabus daga muƙaminsa a Hanwell a shekarar 1838. Wannan ya faru ne saboda alkalan da suka ziyarta sun nemi sake fadada karfin sansanin. Tunda cibiyar ta sami cikakken kuɗin shiga ne ta hanyar haraji kan farashin gida, a ra'ayin alkalai, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da kadarorin da kuɗin da aka kashe yadda ya kamata. Akwai bayanai da kididdiga da ke nuna cewa lallai ana cimma wannan, amma hakan ya buƙaci cikakken sauyi a yadda aka tsara, aka gudanar da shi, da kuma yadda aka gudanar da mafakar. William da matarsa Mildred sun ji daɗin shiga cikin dukkan fannoni na kula da marasa lafiya da kuma kula da ma'aikata, don ƙirƙirar yanayi na "gida" ko na gida (ko kuma kamar yadda aka sake ƙirƙira shi a yau, "nidotherapy"). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tyrer |first=P. |year=2005 |title=Nidotherapy: Making the environment do the therapeutic work |journal=Advances in Psychiatric Treatment |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=232–238 |doi=10.1192/apt.11.3.232 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Manazarta == jx36w4nkwf9qs9116j8g454ull5fjbv 0 177818 961669 2026-10-02T04:54:16Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371961586|Edinburgh Phrenological Society]]" 961669 wikitext text/x-wiki An kafa '''ƙungiyar likitocin Edinburgh Phrenological Society''' a shekarar 1820 ta hannun George Combe, lauya [[Edinburgh|a Edinburgh]], tare da ɗan'uwansa likita Andrew Combe . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rise of Phrenology in Edinburgh |url=http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Rise.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032044/http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Rise.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=2016-09-23 |website=phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Edinburgh ita ce ƙungiyar farko kuma mafi girma a fannin ilimin phrenology a [[Hadaddiyar Masarautar Burtaniya Mai Girma da Ireland|Burtaniya]] ; fiye da ƙungiyoyi arba'in na ilimin phrenology sun biyo baya a wasu sassan Tsibirin Burtaniya . Tasirin Ƙungiyar ya fi yawa a cikin shekaru ashirin na farko kuma ya ragu a cikin shekarun 1840; an yi rikodin taron ƙarshe a cikin 1870. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Records of the Phrenological Society of Edinburgh – Archives Hub |url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb237-coll-227 |access-date=2019-05-23 |website=archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk}}</ref> Babban manufar ilimin halittar kwakwalwa ita ce kwakwalwa ita ce sashin kwakwalwa kuma ana iya fahimtar halayen ɗan adam ta hanyar amfani da kalmomin neuropsychological (na zahiri) maimakon falsafa ko addini. Masana ilimin halittar jiki sun yi watsi da bayanin allahntaka kuma sun jaddada yanayin tunani . Masana ilimin halittar jini na Edinburgh sun kuma yi aiki a matsayin ungozoma ga ka'idar juyin halitta kuma sun sake haifar da sha'awar cutar tabin hankali da kuma maganinta na ɗabi'a . Ilimin Phrenology ya yi iƙirarin cewa kimiyya ce amma yanzu ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin kimiyyar ƙarya domin hanyoyinsa na yau da kullun ba su dace da ƙa'idodin kimiyya na yau da kullun ba. <ref name="UE-Fall">{{Cite web |title=The Fall of Phrenology in Edinburgh |url=http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Fall.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125105/http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Fall.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |website=Anatomical Museum |publisher=School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh}}</ref> Masana ilimin halittar jiki na Edinburgh sun haɗa da George da Andrew Combe; likitan mafaka kuma mai gyara William AF Browne, mahaifin James Crichton-Browne ; Robert Chambers, marubucin littafin tarihi na Darwinian na 1844 ''Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation'' ; William Ballantyne Hodgson, masanin tattalin arziki kuma majagaba a ilimin mata; masanin ilmin taurari John Pringle Nichol ; da kuma masanin tsirrai da juyin halitta Hewett Cottrell Watson . [[Charles Darwin]], ɗalibin likitanci a Edinburgh a tsakanin shekarun 1825-7, ya shiga tattaunawa kan ilimin halittar jiki a ƙungiyar Plinian Society kuma ya koma Edinburgh a shekarar 1838 lokacin da yake tsara ra'ayoyinsa game da zaɓin yanayi . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The History of Phrenology: A Chronology |url=http://www.victorianweb.org/science/phrenology/chron.html |access-date=2017-01-20 |website=victorianweb.org}}</ref> == Bayani == Ilimin halittar jiki ya samo asali ne daga ra'ayin likitan likita kuma mai binciken kimiyya Franz Joseph Gall a Vienna a ƙarni na 18. Gall ya ba da shawarar cewa ɓangarorin [[Hankali|tunani]] sun yi daidai da sassan [[kwakwalwa]], kuma yana yiwuwa a tantance halayen mutum ta hanyar bincika siffar ƙoƙon kansa. Wannan ɓangaren "ƙwayar kwakwalwa" ya faɗaɗa sosai ta hanyar almajirinsa na farko, Johann Spurzheim, wanda ya ƙirƙiro kalmar ''phrenology'' kuma ya gan ta a matsayin hanyar gyara zamantakewa ta hanyar inganta yanayin rayuwar ɗan adam. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Van Wyhe |first=John |year=2004 |title=2004HisSc..42..313V Page 313 |journal=History of Science |volume=42 |page=313 |bibcode=2004HisSc..42..313V}}</ref>  A shekarar 1815, ''Edinburgh Review'' ta buga wani labari mai tayar da hankali na [[Anatomy|masanin ilmin halittar jiki]] John Gordon, wanda ya kira ilimin halittar jiki "cakuda kurakurai masu yawa" da "wasu abubuwan ban mamaki". A martanin da ya mayar, Spurzheim ya je Edinburgh don shiga cikin muhawarar jama'a da kuma yin nazarin kwakwalwa a bainar jama'a. Duk da cewa al'ummar kimiyya da likitanci a can sun karɓe shi da ladabi, mutane da yawa sun damu da falsafar jari-hujja da ke cikin ilimin falsafa. George Combe, wani lauya wanda a da yake da shakku a baya, ya zama mai bin diddigin ilimin halittar jiki bayan ya saurari sharhin Spurzheim yayin da yake binciken kwakwalwar ɗan adam. == Kafawa da aiki == [[File:George_Combe01.jpg|thumb| George Combe, wanda ya kafa ƙungiyar, lauya ne wanda ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ta ƙarshe ga ci gaban ilimin halittar jiki a faɗin duniya.]] An kafa ƙungiyar ilimin halittar Edinburgh Phrenological Society a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, 1820, ta hannun 'yan'uwan Combe tare da goyon bayan ministan Evangelical David Welsh . Ƙungiyar ta bunƙasa cikin sauri; a shekarar 1826, tana da membobi 120, waɗanda aka kiyasta kashi ɗaya bisa uku daga cikinsu suna da ilimin likitanci. Ƙungiyar ta sami adadi mai yawa na kayan tarihi na phrenological, kamar su kawunan porcelain masu alama waɗanda ke nuna wurin da gabobin kwakwalwa suke, da kuma ƙwanƙolin endocranial na mutane masu halaye na musamman. Gidan tarihinsu yana kan titin Chambers. <ref name="UE-Rise">{{Cite web |title=The Rise of Phrenology in Edinburgh |url=http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Rise.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402153511/http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Rise.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |website=Anatomical Museum |publisher=School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh}}</ref> Membobi sun buga labarai, sun ba da laccoci, kuma sun kare ilimin halittar kwakwalwa. Masu suka sun haɗa da masanin falsafa Sir William Hamilton da editan ''Edinburgh Review'', Francis Jeffrey, Lord Jeffrey . <ref name="UE-Rise" /> Kiyayya daga wasu masu suka, ciki har da Alexander Monro tertius, farfesa a fannin ilmin halittar jiki a Makarantar Likitanci ta Jami'ar Edinburgh, a zahiri ta ƙara wa kyawawan ra'ayoyin ilimin halittar jiki kwarin gwiwa. Wasu masu adawa da addini, ciki har da masanin ilmin halittar jiki Robert Knox da kuma masanin juyin halitta Robert Edmond Grant, duk da cewa sun tausaya wa tasirinsa na zahiri, sun yi watsi da yanayin ilimin halittar jiki wanda ba kimiyya ba kuma ba su rungumi fannoni na hasashe da masu kawo sauyi ba. A shekara ta 1823, Andrew Combe ya yi jawabi ga ƙungiyar likitocin Royal a wata muhawara, yana mai jayayya cewa ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ya bayyana ikon tunani da ɗabi'a na ɗan adam. <ref name="Kaufman-debate">{{Cite journal |last=Kaufman |first=Matthew H. |date=October 1998 |title=The Edinburgh phrenological debate of 1823 held in the Royal Medical Society |journal=Journal of Neurolinguistics |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=377–389 |doi=10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00025-6 |s2cid=53203063}}</ref> Bangarorin biyu sun yi ikirarin samun nasara bayan dogon muhawarar, amma Kungiyar Likitoci ta ki wallafa wani labari. <ref name="Kaufman-debate" /> Wannan ya sa ƙungiyar Edinburgh Phrenological Society ta kafa mujallarta a shekarar 1824: ''The Phrenological Journal and Miscellany'', wadda daga baya aka sake mata suna ''Phrenological Journal and Magazine of Moral Science'' . A tsakiyar shekarun 1820, an samu rabuwar kai tsakanin masana kimiyyar phren na Kirista da kuma abokan hulɗa na Combe. Al'amura sun fara daidaita lokacin da Combe da magoya bayansa suka amince da kudirin hana tattaunawa kan tauhidi a cikin Al'umma, wanda hakan ya sa suka yi shiru. A martanin da ya mayar, David Welsh da sauran membobin cocin Evangelical sun bar ƙungiyar. [1] A watan Disamba na shekarar 1826, masanin ilimin halittar jiki William AF Browne ya haifar da wani abin mamaki a ƙungiyar Plinian Society ta jami'ar, inda ya yi suka ga ka'idojin Charles Bell da aka sake bugawa kwanan nan game da bayyana motsin zuciyar ɗan adam. Bell ya yi imanin cewa an tsara tsarin jikin ɗan adam ne don ya ba da damar bayyana halin ɗabi'ar ɗan adam yayin da Browne ya yi jayayya cewa babu wani bambanci mai zurfi tsakanin tsarin jikin ɗan adam da na dabba. Charles Darwin, wanda a lokacin yana ɗan shekara 17 a jami'a, yana nan don ya saurara. A ranar 27 ga Maris 1827, Browne ya ci gaba da ka'idojin ilimin halittar kwakwalwa game da tunanin dan adam dangane da juyin halittar kwakwalwa na Lamarck . Wannan ya jawo hankalin kusan dukkan membobin ƙungiyar Plinian Society, kuma, Darwin ya lura da fushin da ya biyo baya. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walmsley |first=Tom |year=1993 |title=Psychiatry in descent: Darwin and the Brownes |journal=Psychiatric Bulletin |publisher=The Royal College of Psychiatrists |volume=17 |issue=12 |pages=748–751 |doi=10.1192/pb.17.12.748 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cikin littattafansa na sirri, ciki har da ''littafin rubutu na M'' da aka rubuta shekaru goma bayan haka, Darwin ya yi tsokaci cikin tausayi game da ra'ayoyin masana kimiyyar phren. == Manazarta == 1r7fluz8l55ffqet1az0dma8h0nh5rb 961670 961669 2026-10-02T04:54:39Z Sardeeq 39275 961670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An kafa '''ƙungiyar likitocin Edinburgh Phrenological Society''' a shekarar 1820 ta hannun George Combe, lauya [[Edinburgh|a Edinburgh]], tare da ɗan'uwansa likita Andrew Combe . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rise of Phrenology in Edinburgh |url=http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Rise.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032044/http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Rise.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=2016-09-23 |website=phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Edinburgh ita ce ƙungiyar farko kuma mafi girma a fannin ilimin phrenology a [[Hadaddiyar Masarautar Burtaniya Mai Girma da Ireland|Burtaniya]] ; fiye da ƙungiyoyi arba'in na ilimin phrenology sun biyo baya a wasu sassan Tsibirin Burtaniya . Tasirin Ƙungiyar ya fi yawa a cikin shekaru ashirin na farko kuma ya ragu a cikin shekarun 1840; an yi rikodin taron ƙarshe a cikin 1870. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Records of the Phrenological Society of Edinburgh – Archives Hub |url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb237-coll-227 |access-date=2019-05-23 |website=archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk}}</ref> Babban manufar ilimin halittar kwakwalwa ita ce kwakwalwa ita ce sashin kwakwalwa kuma ana iya fahimtar halayen ɗan adam ta hanyar amfani da kalmomin neuropsychological (na zahiri) maimakon falsafa ko addini. Masana ilimin halittar jiki sun yi watsi da bayanin allahntaka kuma sun jaddada yanayin tunani . Masana ilimin halittar jini na Edinburgh sun kuma yi aiki a matsayin ungozoma ga ka'idar juyin halitta kuma sun sake haifar da sha'awar cutar tabin hankali da kuma maganinta na ɗabi'a . Ilimin Phrenology ya yi iƙirarin cewa kimiyya ce amma yanzu ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin kimiyyar ƙarya domin hanyoyinsa na yau da kullun ba su dace da ƙa'idodin kimiyya na yau da kullun ba. <ref name="UE-Fall">{{Cite web |title=The Fall of Phrenology in Edinburgh |url=http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Fall.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125105/http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Fall.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |website=Anatomical Museum |publisher=School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh}}</ref> Masana ilimin halittar jiki na Edinburgh sun haɗa da George da Andrew Combe; likitan mafaka kuma mai gyara William AF Browne, mahaifin James Crichton-Browne ; Robert Chambers, marubucin littafin tarihi na Darwinian na 1844 ''Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation'' ; William Ballantyne Hodgson, masanin tattalin arziki kuma majagaba a ilimin mata; masanin ilmin taurari John Pringle Nichol ; da kuma masanin tsirrai da juyin halitta Hewett Cottrell Watson . [[Charles Darwin]], ɗalibin likitanci a Edinburgh a tsakanin shekarun 1825-7, ya shiga tattaunawa kan ilimin halittar jiki a ƙungiyar Plinian Society kuma ya koma Edinburgh a shekarar 1838 lokacin da yake tsara ra'ayoyinsa game da zaɓin yanayi . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The History of Phrenology: A Chronology |url=http://www.victorianweb.org/science/phrenology/chron.html |access-date=2017-01-20 |website=victorianweb.org}}</ref> == Bayani == Ilimin halittar jiki ya samo asali ne daga ra'ayin likitan likita kuma mai binciken kimiyya Franz Joseph Gall a Vienna a ƙarni na 18. Gall ya ba da shawarar cewa ɓangarorin [[Hankali|tunani]] sun yi daidai da sassan [[kwakwalwa]], kuma yana yiwuwa a tantance halayen mutum ta hanyar bincika siffar ƙoƙon kansa. Wannan ɓangaren "ƙwayar kwakwalwa" ya faɗaɗa sosai ta hanyar almajirinsa na farko, Johann Spurzheim, wanda ya ƙirƙiro kalmar ''phrenology'' kuma ya gan ta a matsayin hanyar gyara zamantakewa ta hanyar inganta yanayin rayuwar ɗan adam. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Van Wyhe |first=John |year=2004 |title=2004HisSc..42..313V Page 313 |journal=History of Science |volume=42 |page=313 |bibcode=2004HisSc..42..313V}}</ref>  A shekarar 1815, ''Edinburgh Review'' ta buga wani labari mai tayar da hankali na [[Anatomy|masanin ilmin halittar jiki]] John Gordon, wanda ya kira ilimin halittar jiki "cakuda kurakurai masu yawa" da "wasu abubuwan ban mamaki". A martanin da ya mayar, Spurzheim ya je Edinburgh don shiga cikin muhawarar jama'a da kuma yin nazarin kwakwalwa a bainar jama'a. Duk da cewa al'ummar kimiyya da likitanci a can sun karɓe shi da ladabi, mutane da yawa sun damu da falsafar jari-hujja da ke cikin ilimin falsafa. George Combe, wani lauya wanda a da yake da shakku a baya, ya zama mai bin diddigin ilimin halittar jiki bayan ya saurari sharhin Spurzheim yayin da yake binciken kwakwalwar ɗan adam. == Kafawa da aiki == [[File:George_Combe01.jpg|thumb| George Combe, wanda ya kafa ƙungiyar, lauya ne wanda ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ta ƙarshe ga ci gaban ilimin halittar jiki a faɗin duniya.]] An kafa ƙungiyar ilimin halittar Edinburgh Phrenological Society a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, 1820, ta hannun 'yan'uwan Combe tare da goyon bayan ministan Evangelical David Welsh . Ƙungiyar ta bunƙasa cikin sauri; a shekarar 1826, tana da membobi 120, waɗanda aka kiyasta kashi ɗaya bisa uku daga cikinsu suna da ilimin likitanci. Ƙungiyar ta sami adadi mai yawa na kayan tarihi na phrenological, kamar su kawunan porcelain masu alama waɗanda ke nuna wurin da gabobin kwakwalwa suke, da kuma ƙwanƙolin endocranial na mutane masu halaye na musamman. Gidan tarihinsu yana kan titin Chambers. <ref name="UE-Rise">{{Cite web |title=The Rise of Phrenology in Edinburgh |url=http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Rise.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402153511/http://www.phrenology.mvm.ed.ac.uk/Phrenology/The_Rise.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |website=Anatomical Museum |publisher=School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh}}</ref> Membobi sun buga labarai, sun ba da laccoci, kuma sun kare ilimin halittar kwakwalwa. Masu suka sun haɗa da masanin falsafa Sir William Hamilton da editan ''Edinburgh Review'', Francis Jeffrey, Lord Jeffrey . <ref name="UE-Rise" /> Kiyayya daga wasu masu suka, ciki har da Alexander Monro tertius, farfesa a fannin ilmin halittar jiki a Makarantar Likitanci ta Jami'ar Edinburgh, a zahiri ta ƙara wa kyawawan ra'ayoyin ilimin halittar jiki kwarin gwiwa. Wasu masu adawa da addini, ciki har da masanin ilmin halittar jiki Robert Knox da kuma masanin juyin halitta Robert Edmond Grant, duk da cewa sun tausaya wa tasirinsa na zahiri, sun yi watsi da yanayin ilimin halittar jiki wanda ba kimiyya ba kuma ba su rungumi fannoni na hasashe da masu kawo sauyi ba. A shekara ta 1823, Andrew Combe ya yi jawabi ga ƙungiyar likitocin Royal a wata muhawara, yana mai jayayya cewa ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ya bayyana ikon tunani da ɗabi'a na ɗan adam. <ref name="Kaufman-debate">{{Cite journal |last=Kaufman |first=Matthew H. |date=October 1998 |title=The Edinburgh phrenological debate of 1823 held in the Royal Medical Society |journal=Journal of Neurolinguistics |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=377–389 |doi=10.1016/S0911-6044(98)00025-6 |s2cid=53203063}}</ref> Bangarorin biyu sun yi ikirarin samun nasara bayan dogon muhawarar, amma Kungiyar Likitoci ta ki wallafa wani labari. <ref name="Kaufman-debate" /> Wannan ya sa ƙungiyar Edinburgh Phrenological Society ta kafa mujallarta a shekarar 1824: ''The Phrenological Journal and Miscellany'', wadda daga baya aka sake mata suna ''Phrenological Journal and Magazine of Moral Science'' . A tsakiyar shekarun 1820, an samu rabuwar kai tsakanin masana kimiyyar phren na Kirista da kuma abokan hulɗa na Combe. Al'amura sun fara daidaita lokacin da Combe da magoya bayansa suka amince da kudirin hana tattaunawa kan tauhidi a cikin Al'umma, wanda hakan ya sa suka yi shiru. A martanin da ya mayar, David Welsh da sauran membobin cocin Evangelical sun bar ƙungiyar. [1] A watan Disamba na shekarar 1826, masanin ilimin halittar jiki William AF Browne ya haifar da wani abin mamaki a ƙungiyar Plinian Society ta jami'ar, inda ya yi suka ga ka'idojin Charles Bell da aka sake bugawa kwanan nan game da bayyana motsin zuciyar ɗan adam. Bell ya yi imanin cewa an tsara tsarin jikin ɗan adam ne don ya ba da damar bayyana halin ɗabi'ar ɗan adam yayin da Browne ya yi jayayya cewa babu wani bambanci mai zurfi tsakanin tsarin jikin ɗan adam da na dabba. Charles Darwin, wanda a lokacin yana ɗan shekara 17 a jami'a, yana nan don ya saurara. A ranar 27 ga Maris 1827, Browne ya ci gaba da ka'idojin ilimin halittar kwakwalwa game da tunanin dan adam dangane da juyin halittar kwakwalwa na Lamarck . Wannan ya jawo hankalin kusan dukkan membobin ƙungiyar Plinian Society, kuma, Darwin ya lura da fushin da ya biyo baya. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walmsley |first=Tom |year=1993 |title=Psychiatry in descent: Darwin and the Brownes |journal=Psychiatric Bulletin |publisher=The Royal College of Psychiatrists |volume=17 |issue=12 |pages=748–751 |doi=10.1192/pb.17.12.748 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A cikin littattafansa na sirri, ciki har da ''littafin rubutu na M'' da aka rubuta shekaru goma bayan haka, Darwin ya yi tsokaci cikin tausayi game da ra'ayoyin masana kimiyyar phren. == Manazarta == k9i289cypom63ttsml8i73d6hdziyoz 0 177819 961671 2026-10-02T04:54:50Z Uskeone 40867 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Augusta Ikpea-Enaholo | image = | caption = | nationality = [[Najeriya|’Yar Najeriya]] | occupation = Lauya, ’yar kasuwa, ma’aikaciyar gwamnati | employer = Hukumar Inshorar Lafiya ta Jihar Edo | known_for = Darakta Janar ta EDOHIC | alma_mater = [[Jami'ar Kent]]; [[Jami'ar Bristol]]; International Maritime Law Institute | title = Dakta }} '''Augusta Ikpea-Enahol... 961671 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Augusta Ikpea-Enaholo | image = | caption = | nationality = [[Najeriya|’Yar Najeriya]] | occupation = Lauya, ’yar kasuwa, ma’aikaciyar gwamnati | employer = Hukumar Inshorar Lafiya ta Jihar Edo | known_for = Darakta Janar ta EDOHIC | alma_mater = [[Jami'ar Kent]]; [[Jami'ar Bristol]]; International Maritime Law Institute | title = Dakta }} '''Augusta Ikpea-Enaholo''' lauya ce kuma ma’aikaciyar gwamnati ’yar Najeriya. Ita ce Darakta Janar ta Hukumar Inshorar Lafiya ta Jihar Edo (Edo State Health Insurance Commission, EDOHIC). Kafin naɗa ta wannan muƙami, ta yi aiki a fannin shari’ar ruwa, gudanarwar kamfanoni da harkokin kasuwanci. An naɗa ta a matsayin Darakta Janar a watan Janairun 2025.<ref>{{cite news |title=Augusta Ikpea-Enaholo appointed DG of Edo Health Insurance Commission |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=27 January 2025}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ikpea-Enaholo ta yi karatun shari’a a [[Jami'ar Kent]] da ke Birtaniya, inda ta samu digirin farko na shari’a (LL.B.) tsakanin shekarun 2002 zuwa 2005. Ta kuma samu digirin master a fannin aiwatar da dokokin ruwa daga [[Jami'ar Bristol]] tsakanin 2005 da 2006. Daga baya, ta yi karatun Maritime Studies a International Maritime Law Institute da ke Malta, inda ta samu digiri na biyu tsakanin shekarun 2013 da 2014. Ta kuma yi karatun A-level a Padworth College for Girls a Ingila daga 2000 zuwa 2002.<ref>{{cite news |title=Augusta Ikpea-Enaholo appointed DG of Edo Health Insurance Commission |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=27 January 2025}}</ref> == Aikin shari’a da harkokin kasuwanci == Kafin shiga aikin gudanar da inshorar lafiya, Ikpea-Enaholo ta yi aiki a Hukumar Kula da Harkokin Jiragen Ruwa ta Najeriya (Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency, NIMASA), inda ta riƙe muƙamin Principal Legal Officer. Bayan ta bar wannan aiki, ta shiga harkokin kasuwanci. Ta kafa Royal Oaks Events Centre a yankin Lekki na jihar Legas a shekarar 2019. Ta kuma riƙe muƙaman gudanarwa a kamfanoni, ciki har da Executive Director a Lee Engineering and Construction, shugabar Royal Oaks Events Limited, da Lead Managing Partner a August Jury. Haka kuma, ta kasance mamba a kwamitin gudanarwa na Davex Limited.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ikpea-Enaholo appointed DG of Edo State Health Insurance Commission |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=31 January 2025}}</ref> == Aikin gwamnati == A watan Janairun 2025, Gwamnan Jihar Edo, [[Monday Okpebholo]], ya naɗa Ikpea-Enaholo a matsayin Darakta Janar ta Hukumar Inshorar Lafiya ta Jihar Edo. A sabon muƙamin, aikinta ya haɗa da jagorantar hukumar da kuma taimakawa wajen aiwatar da manufofin inshorar lafiya a jihar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Augusta Ikpea-Enaholo appointed DG of Edo Health Insurance Commission |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=27 January 2025}}</ref> Hukumar EDOHIC tana da alhakin taimakawa mazauna jihar samun damar kula da lafiya ta hanyar tsarin inshorar lafiya. A lokacin da aka naɗa ta, an bayyana cewa abubuwan da ake sa ran ta mayar da hankali a kansu sun haɗa da faɗaɗa damar samun inshorar lafiya da rage nauyin kuɗin kula da lafiya ga mazauna jihar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ikpea-Enaholo appointed DG of Edo State Health Insurance Commission |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=31 January 2025}}</ref> == Ayyukan hukumar da kyaututtuka == A watan Afrilun 2025, Ikpea-Enaholo ta karɓi lambar yabo a madadin EDOHIC daga Institute for Health Insurance and Managed Care of Nigeria. Kyautar ta kasance ta hukumar gwamnati mafi fice a fannin haɗa kai da gudanar da ayyukan inshorar lafiya a shekarar 2025.<ref>{{cite news |title=Edo rewarded for improved health insurance services |work=The Sun Nigeria |date=16 April 2025}}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2026, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Integrity Stewardship Service Ambassador Award daga ƙungiyar Advocacy for Peace and Value Reorientation. Rahoton ya bayyana cewa an ba ta kyautar ne bisa ga abin da ƙungiyar ta bayyana a matsayin jajircewa wajen gudanar da aiki da gaskiya da kuma faɗaɗa damar samun inshorar lafiya a Jihar Edo.<ref>{{cite news |title=EDOHIC DG bags Integrity Award, pledges wider health insurance access |work=The Nigerian Observer |date=24 September 2026 |author=Edward Oseghe}}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru == Ikpea-Enaholo mamba ce ta ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru da suka haɗa da Nigerian Bar Association, International Bar Association da Nigerian Maritime Lawyers Association. Haka kuma, tana da matsayin fellow na Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers da ke London.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ikpea-Enaholo appointed DG of Edo State Health Insurance Commission |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=31 January 2025}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jihar Edo]] * [[Inshorar lafiya]] * [[Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency]] * [[Monday Okpebholo]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Lauyoyin Najeriya]] [[Category:’Yan kasuwar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Jihar Edo]] [[Category:Masu gudanar da harkokin gwamnati]] e7h2bisnpumm9jkn1wx4xkup70la5td 0 177820 961672 2026-10-02T05:02:20Z Uskeone 40867 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox person | name = Nyame Victoria | image = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = Ghana | nationality = [[Ghana|’Yar Ghana]] | education = [[Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]] | alma_mater = [[Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]] | occupation = Likita | known_for = Mace ta farko daga Adventist Senior High School, Bantama da ta zama likita }} '''Ny... 961672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Nyame Victoria | image = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = Ghana | nationality = [[Ghana|’Yar Ghana]] | education = [[Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]] | alma_mater = [[Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]] | occupation = Likita | known_for = Mace ta farko daga Adventist Senior High School, Bantama da ta zama likita }} '''Nyame Victoria''' likitar [[Ghana]] ce wadda ta yi fice bayan an bayyana ta a matsayin mace ta farko da ta fito daga [[Adventist Senior High School]], Bantama, Kumasi, ta zama likitar lafiya. Ta yi karatun sakandare a Adventist Senior High School sannan ta ci gaba da karatun likitanci a [[Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]] (KNUST).<ref>{{cite news |title=Adventist SHS Alumna Nyame Victoria Makes History as School’s First Female Doctor |work=YEN.com.gh |date=1 October 2026 |author=Blessed Antwi}}</ref> == Rayuwa da ilimi == Victoria ta kasance ɗaliba a '''Adventist Senior High School, Bantama''', wata makarantar sakandare da ke [[Kumasi]] a Ghana. Bayan kammala karatunta na sakandare, ta ci gaba da karatun likitanci a [[Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]] (KNUST), inda ta samu horon da ya kai ta ga zama likita.<ref>{{cite news |title=Adventist SHS Alumna Nyame Victoria Makes History as School’s First Female Doctor |work=YEN.com.gh |date=1 October 2026 |author=Blessed Antwi}}</ref> Hotunan da aka wallafa game da tafiyarta sun nuna ta a lokacin da take ɗaliba da kuma daga baya a gaban '''KNUST School of Medical Sciences''' sanye da rigar likita tare da takardar shaidar karatu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Adventist SHS Alumna Nyame Victoria Makes History as School’s First Female Doctor |work=YEN.com.gh |date=1 October 2026 |author=Blessed Antwi}}</ref> == Aikin likitanci == Bayan kammala horon likitanci, Victoria ta zama likitar lafiya. Rahotannin da aka wallafa a watan Oktoban 2026 sun bayyana nasararta a matsayin wani muhimmin mataki a tarihin tsohuwar makarantarta, saboda ita ce mace ta farko da aka tabbatar ta fito daga Adventist Senior High School, Bantama, ta zama likita.<ref>{{cite news |title=Adventist SHS Alumna Nyame Victoria Makes History as School’s First Female Doctor |work=YEN.com.gh |date=1 October 2026 |author=Blessed Antwi}}</ref> == Muhimmancin nasararta == Nasarar Victoria ta samu kulawa daga tsohuwar makarantarta da kuma masu amfani da kafafen sada zumunta. KSMD 2026 ta bayyana ta a matsayin mace ta farko da makarantar ta samar wadda ta zama likita tun bayan kafuwar makarantar.<ref>{{cite web |title=KSMD 2026 celebrates Dr. Nyame Victoria |work=KSMD 2026 |date=2026}}</ref> Adventist Senior High School, Bantama, makaranta ce da ke Kumasi wadda take koyar da shirye-shiryen ilimi daban-daban, ciki har da General Science, General Arts, Business, Visual Arts da Home Economics. Nasarar Victoria ta ƙara wani muhimmin tarihi ga tsohuwar makarantarta.<ref>{{cite news |title=Adventist SHS Alumna Nyame Victoria Makes History as School’s First Female Doctor |work=YEN.com.gh |date=1 October 2026 |author=Blessed Antwi}}</ref> An kuma bayyana nasarar a matsayin abin ƙarfafa wa ɗalibai mata masu sha'awar karatun likitanci da sauran fannoni na kimiyya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Adventist SHS Alumna Nyame Victoria Makes History as School’s First Female Doctor |work=YEN.com.gh |date=1 October 2026 |author=Blessed Antwi}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]] * [[Kumasi]] * [[Ghana]] * [[Adventist Senior High School, Bantama]] * [[Makarantar likitanci]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutanen Ghana]] [[Category:Likitocin Ghana]] [[Category:Likitan mata]] [[Category:Mutanen Kumasi]] [[Category:Alumni na Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]] [[Category:Alumni na makarantun Ghana]] [[Category:Mutanen ƙarni na 21]] [[Category:Masana kiwon lafiya na Ghana]] j4bnlsfw0qkf1033h6an09hkwvyl02n 0 177821 961673 2026-10-02T05:03:20Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364993252|Genain quadruplets]]" 961673 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<nowiki/>'Yan huɗun Morlok''', waɗanda aka sani a cikin littattafan ilimin tabin hankali a matsayin ' '''yan huɗun Genain''', [[Haifuwar 'yan biyu ko fiye da haka|'yan'uwa mata ne 'yan huɗu]] na Amurka waɗanda aka haifa a ranar 19 ga Mayu, 1930, a Lansing, Michigan . Su ne Edna A. Morlok, Wilma B. Morlok, Sarah C. Morlok (daga baya Sarah Morlok Cotton), da Helen D. Morlok. Haihuwarsu ta jawo hankalin ƙasa baki ɗaya, kuma tun suna yara sun bayyana tare a wasan kwaikwayo na waƙa da rawa. Bayan an gano cewa dukkan huɗun suna da cutar [[Hauka|schizophrenia]] tun suna ɗan shekara 24, sun zama waɗanda aka daɗe ana bincike a Cibiyar Kula da Lafiyar Hankali ta Ƙasa (NIMH) game da abubuwan gado da muhalli da ke da alaƙa da wannan cuta. <ref name="Mirsky2000">{{Cite journal |last=Mirsky |first=Allan F. |last2=Bieliauskas |first2=Linas A. |last3=French |first3=Louis M. |last4=van Kammen |first4=Daniel P. |last5=Jönsson |first5=Erik |last6=Sedvall |first6=Göran |year=2000 |title=A 39-Year Followup of the Genain Quadruplets |journal=[[Schizophrenia Bulletin]] |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=699–708 |doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033487 |pmid=10993407 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da kuma kulawar jama'a == An haifi 'yan'uwa mata a Asibitin Edward W. Sparrow da ke Lansing. Haruffan sunayensu—E, W, S, da H—sun yi daidai da sunan asibitin, yayin da haruffan tsakiya, A zuwa D, ke nuna tsarin haihuwarsu. <ref name="Segal2001">{{Cite journal |last=Segal |first=Nancy L. |date=February 2001 |title=Genain Quadruplets: Variations on the Schizophrenic Syndrome |journal=Twin Research |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=57–61 |doi=10.1375/twin.4.1.57 |pmid=11665326}}</ref> Haihuwarsu ta sami karbuwa sosai daga manema labarai. A lokacin yarintarsu, an ba wa 'yan'uwa mata darussan waƙa da rawa kuma sun bayyana tare a wasannin kwaikwayo na kan dandamali. Bayanan da suka fito daga baya sun kwatanta farin cikin da suke nunawa a bainar jama'a da yanayin da ke cikin gidan iyalin. Tarihin Audrey Clare Farley game da iyali ya bayyana yanayin gida mai cike da cin zarafi da kuma iko sosai. == Nazarin tabin hankali == An gano cewa dukkan 'yan'uwa mata huɗu suna da cutar schizophrenia tun suna ƙanana. <ref name="Mirsky2000" /> Wani bincike da aka yi a shekara ta 2000 ya bayyana haɗuwar ƙwayoyin mata huɗu masu kama da monozygotic waɗanda ke haifar da schizophrenia a matsayin abin da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba, inda aka kiyasta cewa yana faruwa a kusan mutum ɗaya cikin biliyan 1.5. <ref name="Mirsky2000" /> Tun daga shekarun 1950, an yi wa 'yan'uwa mata bincike a Cibiyar Kula da Lafiyar Hankali ta Ƙasa a matsayin wani ɓangare na bincike kan abubuwan gado da muhalli da ke da alaƙa da wannan cuta. Masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam David Rosenthal ne ya jagoranci ƙungiyar bincike wadda ta yi nazari sosai a kansu daga 1955 zuwa 1958. <ref name="MirskyQuinn1988">{{Cite journal |last=Mirsky |first=Allan F. |last2=Quinn |first2=Olive W. |year=1988 |title=The Genain Quadruplets |journal=[[Schizophrenia Bulletin]] |volume=14 |issue=4 |pages=595–612 |doi=10.1093/schbul/14.4.595}}</ref> <ref name="Segal2001" /> Domin kare asalin iyalin, masu bincike sun yi amfani da sunan barkwanci ''Genain'' wanda aka samo daga Girka, wanda Rosenthal ya bayyana a matsayin ma'ana "haihuwa mai ban tsoro" ko "ƙwayar halitta mai tsanani", kuma suka kira 'yan'uwan mata da Nora, Iris, Myra, da Hester. Haruffan waɗannan sunaye suna rubuta ''NIMH'', wato kalmar da ke nufin Cibiyar Kula da Lafiyar Hankali ta Ƙasa. <ref name="Segal2001" /> An rubuta binciken farko a cikin littafin 1963 mai suna ''The Genain Quadruplets: A Case Study and Theoretical Analysis of Heredity and Environment in Schizophrenia'', wanda Rosenthal ya shirya. An ci gaba da nazarin ci gaba tsawon shekaru da dama kuma an rubuta bambance-bambance a cikin alamun 'yan'uwa mata, tarihin magani, da matakan aiki. <ref name="MirskyQuinn1988" /> <ref name="Mirsky2000" /> == Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya == 'Yan'uwa mata sun bambanta sosai a matakin 'yancin kansu da kuma buƙatar kulawar tabin hankali. Saratu ta rayu cikin 'yanci fiye da 'yan'uwanta mata tsawon yawancin rayuwarta ta girma. Ta yi aure, ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare, kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya. A shekarar 2015, Sarah ta buga wani littafi mai suna ''The Morlok Quadruplets: The Alphabet Sisters'' . Wilma ta rasu a shekara ta 2002, Helen ta rasu a shekara ta 2003, da kuma Edna a shekara ta 2015. Sarah, 'yar'uwa ta ƙarshe da ta rage, ta rasu a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 2025, tana da shekaru 95. <ref name="NYT2025" /> == Bayanan daga baya == An buga littafin Farley mai suna 'Yan Mata da Dodanninsu: The Genain Quadruplets and the Making of Madness in America a shekarar 2023. Ya sake duba shaharar 'yan'uwa mata a lokacin ƙuruciyarsu, yanayin iyalinsu, maganin da masu binciken tabin hankali suka yi musu, da kuma faffadan tarihin binciken cutar schizophrenia a Amurka. [1] [2] == Duba kuma == * ''Hidden Valley Road'', wani littafi game da wani iyali na Amurka inda aka gano 'yan'uwa da yawa suna fama da cutar schizophrenia == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1930]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4bk4q7ofg5zcuu2afbd3imvjsiofmt2 961674 961673 2026-10-02T05:03:38Z Sardeeq 39275 961674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''<nowiki/>'Yan huɗun Morlok''', waɗanda aka sani a cikin littattafan ilimin tabin hankali a matsayin ' '''yan huɗun Genain''', [[Haifuwar 'yan biyu ko fiye da haka|'yan'uwa mata ne 'yan huɗu]] na Amurka waɗanda aka haifa a ranar 19 ga Mayu, 1930, a Lansing, Michigan . Su ne Edna A. Morlok, Wilma B. Morlok, Sarah C. Morlok (daga baya Sarah Morlok Cotton), da Helen D. Morlok. Haihuwarsu ta jawo hankalin ƙasa baki ɗaya, kuma tun suna yara sun bayyana tare a wasan kwaikwayo na waƙa da rawa. Bayan an gano cewa dukkan huɗun suna da cutar [[Hauka|schizophrenia]] tun suna ɗan shekara 24, sun zama waɗanda aka daɗe ana bincike a Cibiyar Kula da Lafiyar Hankali ta Ƙasa (NIMH) game da abubuwan gado da muhalli da ke da alaƙa da wannan cuta. <ref name="Mirsky2000">{{Cite journal |last=Mirsky |first=Allan F. |last2=Bieliauskas |first2=Linas A. |last3=French |first3=Louis M. |last4=van Kammen |first4=Daniel P. |last5=Jönsson |first5=Erik |last6=Sedvall |first6=Göran |year=2000 |title=A 39-Year Followup of the Genain Quadruplets |journal=[[Schizophrenia Bulletin]] |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=699–708 |doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033487 |pmid=10993407 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da kuma kulawar jama'a == An haifi 'yan'uwa mata a Asibitin Edward W. Sparrow da ke Lansing. Haruffan sunayensu—E, W, S, da H—sun yi daidai da sunan asibitin, yayin da haruffan tsakiya, A zuwa D, ke nuna tsarin haihuwarsu. <ref name="Segal2001">{{Cite journal |last=Segal |first=Nancy L. |date=February 2001 |title=Genain Quadruplets: Variations on the Schizophrenic Syndrome |journal=Twin Research |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=57–61 |doi=10.1375/twin.4.1.57 |pmid=11665326}}</ref> Haihuwarsu ta sami karbuwa sosai daga manema labarai. A lokacin yarintarsu, an ba wa 'yan'uwa mata darussan waƙa da rawa kuma sun bayyana tare a wasannin kwaikwayo na kan dandamali. Bayanan da suka fito daga baya sun kwatanta farin cikin da suke nunawa a bainar jama'a da yanayin da ke cikin gidan iyalin. Tarihin Audrey Clare Farley game da iyali ya bayyana yanayin gida mai cike da cin zarafi da kuma iko sosai. == Nazarin tabin hankali == An gano cewa dukkan 'yan'uwa mata huɗu suna da cutar schizophrenia tun suna ƙanana. <ref name="Mirsky2000" /> Wani bincike da aka yi a shekara ta 2000 ya bayyana haɗuwar ƙwayoyin mata huɗu masu kama da monozygotic waɗanda ke haifar da schizophrenia a matsayin abin da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba, inda aka kiyasta cewa yana faruwa a kusan mutum ɗaya cikin biliyan 1.5. <ref name="Mirsky2000" /> Tun daga shekarun 1950, an yi wa 'yan'uwa mata bincike a Cibiyar Kula da Lafiyar Hankali ta Ƙasa a matsayin wani ɓangare na bincike kan abubuwan gado da muhalli da ke da alaƙa da wannan cuta. Masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam David Rosenthal ne ya jagoranci ƙungiyar bincike wadda ta yi nazari sosai a kansu daga 1955 zuwa 1958. <ref name="MirskyQuinn1988">{{Cite journal |last=Mirsky |first=Allan F. |last2=Quinn |first2=Olive W. |year=1988 |title=The Genain Quadruplets |journal=[[Schizophrenia Bulletin]] |volume=14 |issue=4 |pages=595–612 |doi=10.1093/schbul/14.4.595}}</ref> <ref name="Segal2001" /> Domin kare asalin iyalin, masu bincike sun yi amfani da sunan barkwanci ''Genain'' wanda aka samo daga Girka, wanda Rosenthal ya bayyana a matsayin ma'ana "haihuwa mai ban tsoro" ko "ƙwayar halitta mai tsanani", kuma suka kira 'yan'uwan mata da Nora, Iris, Myra, da Hester. Haruffan waɗannan sunaye suna rubuta ''NIMH'', wato kalmar da ke nufin Cibiyar Kula da Lafiyar Hankali ta Ƙasa. <ref name="Segal2001" /> An rubuta binciken farko a cikin littafin 1963 mai suna ''The Genain Quadruplets: A Case Study and Theoretical Analysis of Heredity and Environment in Schizophrenia'', wanda Rosenthal ya shirya. An ci gaba da nazarin ci gaba tsawon shekaru da dama kuma an rubuta bambance-bambance a cikin alamun 'yan'uwa mata, tarihin magani, da matakan aiki. <ref name="MirskyQuinn1988" /> <ref name="Mirsky2000" /> == Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya == 'Yan'uwa mata sun bambanta sosai a matakin 'yancin kansu da kuma buƙatar kulawar tabin hankali. Saratu ta rayu cikin 'yanci fiye da 'yan'uwanta mata tsawon yawancin rayuwarta ta girma. Ta yi aure, ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare, kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya. A shekarar 2015, Sarah ta buga wani littafi mai suna ''The Morlok Quadruplets: The Alphabet Sisters'' . Wilma ta rasu a shekara ta 2002, Helen ta rasu a shekara ta 2003, da kuma Edna a shekara ta 2015. Sarah, 'yar'uwa ta ƙarshe da ta rage, ta rasu a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 2025, tana da shekaru 95. <ref name="NYT2025" /> == Bayanan daga baya == An buga littafin Farley mai suna 'Yan Mata da Dodanninsu: The Genain Quadruplets and the Making of Madness in America a shekarar 2023. Ya sake duba shaharar 'yan'uwa mata a lokacin ƙuruciyarsu, yanayin iyalinsu, maganin da masu binciken tabin hankali suka yi musu, da kuma faffadan tarihin binciken cutar schizophrenia a Amurka. [1] [2] == Duba kuma == * ''Hidden Valley Road'', wani littafi game da wani iyali na Amurka inda aka gano 'yan'uwa da yawa suna fama da cutar schizophrenia == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1930]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ez56vwyk2rv9ewztf0u6w0mn6jvjgy1 0 177822 961675 2026-10-02T05:10:24Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: '''Kalmai''' yanki ne da ke cikin [[Billiri Local Government Area|Ƙaramar Hukumar Billiri]] ta [[Gombe State|Jihar Gombe]]. Hukumar Zaɓe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Ƙasa (INEC) ta jera Kalmai a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Registration Areas guda goma na Ƙaramar Hukumar Billiri.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gombe State Registration Areas |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref... 961675 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kalmai''' yanki ne da ke cikin [[Billiri Local Government Area|Ƙaramar Hukumar Billiri]] ta [[Gombe State|Jihar Gombe]]. Hukumar Zaɓe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Ƙasa (INEC) ta jera Kalmai a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Registration Areas guda goma na Ƙaramar Hukumar Billiri.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gombe State Registration Areas |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin INEC, Kalmai yana da lambar Registration Area 06. Takardar INEC ta Directory of Polling Units ta nuna cewa yankin yana da cibiyoyin zaɓe da dama.<ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A watan Disamba 2024, an kai hari ƙauyen Powishi da ke Kalmai District, Billiri LGA. Rahoton *Punch* ya ce harin ya yi sanadin mutuwar Mallam Yusuf Akwara tare da ƙona gidaje da lalata wasu kadarori.<ref>{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Armed men attack Gombe community, kill cleric |work=Punch Newspapers |date=12 December 2024}}</ref> Wasu mazauna Powishi sun bayar da wani adadi daban na waɗanda suka mutu, inda suka ce aƙalla mutane biyar ne aka kashe tare da ƙona gidaje sama da 250. Wannan ya bambanta da bayanin farko da 'yan sanda suka bayar.<ref>{{cite news |last=Azubuike |first=Chima |title=Police, residents disagree on casualty figure of Gombe village attack |work=Punch Newspapers |date=13 December 2024}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} forwasolk50xc0y8q7gsf869om11sbx 0 177823 961678 2026-10-02T05:17:09Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Tal | settlement_type = Community | official_name = Tal | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Billiri | district = Tal | ward = Tal | postal_code = 771 | population = | population_as_of = | coordinates = }} '''Tal''' wata al'umma ce da ke cikin [[Billiri|Karamar Hukumar Billiri]], a [[Jihar Gombe]], arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Tal tana daga cikin yankunan da ke ƙarƙashin Billiri, kuma an bayyana ta a matsay... 961678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Tal | settlement_type = Community | official_name = Tal | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Billiri | district = Tal | ward = Tal | postal_code = 771 | population = | population_as_of = | coordinates = }} '''Tal''' wata al'umma ce da ke cikin [[Billiri|Karamar Hukumar Billiri]], a [[Jihar Gombe]], arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Tal tana daga cikin yankunan da ke ƙarƙashin Billiri, kuma an bayyana ta a matsayin al'umma da ke kudancin Karamar Hukumar Billiri. <ref>{{cite news |title=Gombe: Tal community seek intervention on abandoned school project |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/gombe-tal-community-seek-intervention-abandoned-school-project/ |work=The Nation |date=28 February 2018}}</ref> == Geography == Tal tana cikin Karamar Hukumar Billiri ta Jihar Gombe. Bayanan taswirar wurin sun nuna cewa Tal tana kusa da wasu ƙananan al'ummomi kamar Tangalan da Bangunji, kuma tana a yankin Billiri na Jihar Gombe. <ref>{{cite web |title=Tal Map - Locality - Billiri, Gombe State, Nigeria |url=https://mapcarta.com/16990752 |website=Mapcarta |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Tal tana da matsayi na musamman a tsarin gudanarwa na Billiri, domin ana amfani da sunan Tal a matsayin gunduma da kuma ward. Kundin bayanan INEC ya nuna cewa akwai yankin ''Tal'' a ƙarƙashin Billiri Local Government Area, tare da rumfunan zaɓe da dama da suka haɗa da Bekeri, Kolong, Tal Duka, Tal Pandi, Dongor da wasu wurare. <ref>{{cite web |title=Polling Unit Directory, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)}}</ref> == Al'umma da sana'o'i == Mazauna Tal suna gudanar da sana'o'i daban-daban. A shekarar 2018, jaridar ''The Nation'' ta bayyana cewa yawancin mazauna Tal sun dogara ne da noma a matsayin hanyar samun abin rayuwa, yayin da wasu ke gudanar da sana'o'in saka da farauta. <ref>{{cite news |title=Gombe: Tal community seek intervention on abandoned school project |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/gombe-tal-community-seek-intervention-abandoned-school-project/ |work=The Nation |date=28 February 2018}}</ref> Noma ya kuma kasance wani muhimmin fanni na binciken kimiyya a Tal. Wata bincike da aka wallafa a ''FUDMA Journal of Sciences'' ta gudanar da gwajin nau'o'in sesame guda goma a Tal, Billiri, a lokacin daminar shekarar 2019. Wannan ya nuna muhimmancin aikin gona a yankin da kuma dacewar Tal wajen gudanar da binciken amfanin gona. <ref>{{cite journal |last=Paul |first=Madina |title=Performance of Ten (10) Varieties of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum) Grown in Billiri, Gombe State, Nigeria |journal=FUDMA Journal of Sciences |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=453–456 |year=2020 |doi=10.33003/fjs-2020-0403-412}}</ref> == Ilimi == Akwai makarantu a Tal da ke ba da ilimi ga yara da matasa a yankin. Daga cikin makarantun da aka ambata akwai Government Day Secondary School, Tal, da Tal Central Primary School. <ref>{{cite news |title=Gombe: Tal community seek intervention on abandoned school project |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/gombe-tal-community-seek-intervention-abandoned-school-project/ |work=The Nation |date=28 February 2018}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, an ware naira miliyan 15 domin aikin gina ɗakin jarabawa tare da kayan daki a Government Day Secondary School, Tal. Rahoton ''The Nation'' na shekarar 2018 ya bayyana cewa aikin ya tsaya bayan kuɗin da aka saki domin aikin sun ƙare, lamarin da ya sa al'ummar yankin suka nemi a kammala aikin. <ref>{{cite news |title=Gombe: Tal community seek intervention on abandoned school project |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/gombe-tal-community-seek-intervention-abandoned-school-project/ |work=The Nation |date=28 February 2018}}</ref> A wani rahoto na Punch a shekarar 2020, an bayyana cewa tsohon shugaban Tal Central Primary School ya fuskanci matakin ladabtarwa bayan hukumar ilimin bai-daya ta jihar ta gano cewa yana karɓar wasu kuɗaɗe daga ɗalibai ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. Hukumar ta bayyana cewa bai kamata malamai su ɗora irin waɗannan kuɗaɗe kan ɗalibai ba. <ref>{{cite news |title=Gombe demotes head teacher over illegal fees |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-demotes-head-teacher-over-illegal-fees/ |work=The Punch |date=30 October 2020}}</ref> == Aikin gona == An gudanar da binciken kimiyya a Tal kan noman sesame da waken soya. Wani bincike da aka wallafa a ''FUDMA Journal of Sciences'' ya yi nazari kan yadda nau'o'in sesame guda goma suka yi a lokacin damina ta shekarar 2019 a Tal, Billiri. <ref>{{cite journal |last=Paul |first=Madina |title=Performance of Ten (10) Varieties of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum) Grown in Billiri, Gombe State, Nigeria |journal=FUDMA Journal of Sciences |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=453–456 |year=2020 |doi=10.33003/fjs-2020-0403-412}}</ref> Haka kuma, wani bincike da aka wallafa a ''FUDMA Journal of Sciences'' ya yi nazari kan noman waken soya a Tal, Billiri, a daminar 2018 da 2019. Binciken ya kwatanta hanyoyin shuka da nau'o'in taki daban-daban, tare da auna tasirinsu kan girma da yawan amfanin waken soya. <ref>{{cite journal |last=Madina |first=Paul |last2=Toho |first2=J. I. |last3=Danlingi |first3=H. G. |title=Performance of Soybeans (Glycine max L.) as Affected by Planting Methods and Fertilizer Type in 2018 and 2019 Raining Season at Billiri, Gombe State Nigeria |journal=FUDMA Journal of Sciences |volume=5 |issue=3 |year=2021 |doi=10.33003/fjs-2021-0503-767}}</ref> == Gudanarwa == Tal tana daga cikin yankunan gudanarwa na Karamar Hukumar Billiri. Bayanan INEC sun jera Tal a matsayin yankin gudanarwa na Billiri, tare da rumfunan zaɓe da ke cikin ƙauyuka da wurare daban-daban na yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Polling Unit Directory, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)}}</ref> A tsarin gargajiya, akwai kuma ''District Head of Tal''. Wata shari'ar Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara ta Najeriya da aka yanke hukunci a shekarar 2016 ta yi magana game da matsayin shugaban gundumar Tal da tsarin nadin shugabannin gargajiya a Gombe. <ref>{{cite web |title=Tal and Ors v Anampara and Ors (2016) |url=https://sheriahub.com/cases/ng/caselaw/tal-and-ors-v-anampara-and-ors-yl-19-of-2015-2016-ngca-30-24-may-2016 |website=SheriaHub |date=24 May 2016}}</ref> == Abubuwan more rayuwa == A cikin kasafin kuɗaɗen ayyukan gwamnati, an taɓa ware kuɗaɗe domin wasu ayyuka a Tal. Rahoton Tracka kan ayyukan kasafin kuɗi ya ambaci aikin gina ɗakin jarabawa a Government Day Secondary School Tal, wanda aka ware masa naira miliyan 15. Rahoton ya kuma bayyana cewa an samu matsaloli wajen ci gaban aikin. <ref>{{cite report |title=2017 Tracka Report |publisher=BudgIT/Tracka |url=https://budgit.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Tracka-2016-Constituency-Projects-Report-1.pdf}}</ref> Bayanan ayyukan babban birnin tarayya na shekarar 2024 sun kuma ambaci ayyuka a Tal, ciki har da gyaran fadar shugaban gundumar Tal da kuma aikin gwaji na amfani da duwatsun shimfiɗa a titunan cikin Tal Community, Billiri. <ref>{{cite report |title=Tracking 2024 FG Consolidated Capital Projects in Gombe |publisher=Tracka}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Billiri]] * [[Jihar Gombe]] * [[Tangale]] * [[Karamar Hukumar Billiri]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} cx43aeqrr6opunlr2tdcev0o8j560z0 0 177824 961679 2026-10-02T05:19:17Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Tanglang | settlement_type = Ward and community | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Billiri | district = Tanglang | postal_code = 771101 | population = | population_as_of = | coordinates = }} '''Tanglang''' al'umma ce da kuma yankin gudanarwa (ward) da ke cikin [[Karamar Hukumar Billiri]], a [[Jihar Gombe]], [[Najeriya]]. Tanglang na daga cikin yankunan gudanarwa guda goma na Karamar Hukumar Billiri, tare da Bang... 961679 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Tanglang | settlement_type = Ward and community | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Billiri | district = Tanglang | postal_code = 771101 | population = | population_as_of = | coordinates = }} '''Tanglang''' al'umma ce da kuma yankin gudanarwa (ward) da ke cikin [[Karamar Hukumar Billiri]], a [[Jihar Gombe]], [[Najeriya]]. Tanglang na daga cikin yankunan gudanarwa guda goma na Karamar Hukumar Billiri, tare da Banganje North, Banganje South, Bare, Billiri North, Billiri South, Kalmai, Tal, Todi da Tudu Kwaya. <ref>{{cite web |title=GOMBE |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi da matsayi == Tanglang na daga cikin wuraren da ake dangantawa da al'ummar [[Tangale]] a Billiri. Jaridar ''The Punch'' ta bayyana cewa Tangale suna da tsarin gargajiya mai kunshe da manyan clans guda bakwai, wadanda suka hada da Banganje, Kalmai, Nathe, Tal, Tanglang, Tangaltong da Todi. Wannan bayanin ya nuna muhimmancin Tanglang a cikin tsarin tarihi da zamantakewar Tangale. <ref>{{cite news |title=Mai Tangale: How selection of traditional ruler shattered peace in Gombe community |url=https://punchng.com/mai-tangale-how-selection-of-traditional-ruler-shattered-peace-in-gombe-community/ |work=The Punch |date=28 February 2021}}</ref> A tsarin gudanarwar Karamar Hukumar Billiri, Tanglang tana da matsayi na ''Registration Area'' ko ward. Kundin INEC na Jihar Gombe ya jera '''TANGLANG''' a matsayin daya daga cikin Registration Areas na Billiri Local Government Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=GOMBE |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Kauyuka da unguwanni == A cikin bayanan yankunan kauyuka na Jihar Gombe, Tanglang ward tana da wurare da dama da suka hada da Kampandi Kwaya, Kalkulong, Lawishi, Poyali, Lakalkal, Kulgul da Bassa. Wasu daga cikin wadannan wurare kuma suna da makarantun firamare ko wuraren zama da aka jera a cikin bayanan yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Kundin bayanan yankin ya kuma nuna cewa akwai '''Kalkulong Primary School''', '''Kulgul I Primary School''', '''Kulgul II Primary School''' da '''Bassa Primary School''' a cikin Tanglang ward. Haka kuma an jera wasu wurare kamar Kampandi Kwaya, Lawishi, Poyali da Lakalkal a matsayin wuraren da ake samun rumfunan zabe ko wuraren zama. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Gudanarwa da zaɓe == Tanglang tana da muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin zaɓe na Billiri. A bayanan INEC na Gombe, Tanglang tana cikin Registration Areas na Billiri, kuma an ware mata wuraren tattara PVC da kuma tsarin gudanar da harkokin zaɓe. <ref>{{cite web |title=GOMBE |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Tanglang Ward ta kuma bayyana a cikin wata shari'ar Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara ta Najeriya da ta shafi zaɓen kansilan Billiri Local Government Council. Shari'ar ''Melah Haruna Tanko v. Elisha Caleb & Ors'' ta yi magana kan zaɓen kansilan Tanglang Ward da aka gudanar a ranar 5 ga Disamba 1998. <ref>{{cite web |title=Melah Haruna Tanko v. Elisha Caleb & Ors (1999) |url=https://www.lawglobalhub.com/melah-haruna-tanko-v-elisha-caleb-ors-1999-lljr-ca/ |website=LawGlobal Hub |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara ta Najeriya ta sake ambaton Tanglang a shari'ar ''Falke v. Billiri Local Government Council and Others''. Daga cikin wadanda aka bayyana a matsayin wadanda ake kara akwai shugaban gundumar Tanglang, wato District Head of Tanglang. <ref>{{cite web |title=Falke v Billiri Local Government Council and Others (2016) |url=https://nigerialii.org/akn/ng/judgment/ngca/2016/32/eng@2016-05-19 |website=NigeriaLII |date=19 May 2016}}</ref> == Al'umma da harshe == Tanglang tana cikin yankin Tangale na Jihar Gombe, inda harshen Tangale yake daga cikin muhimman harsunan gargajiya. ''The Punch'' ta bayyana cewa mazauna yankin Tangale suna amfani da harshen Tangale, yayin da Hausa kuma ake amfani da ita a matsayin harshen sadarwa na gama gari a arewacin Najeriya. <ref>{{cite news |title=Mai Tangale: How selection of traditional ruler shattered peace in Gombe community |url=https://punchng.com/mai-tangale-how-selection-of-traditional-ruler-shattered-peace-in-gombe-community/ |work=The Punch |date=28 February 2021}}</ref> Tanglang tana daga cikin yankunan da ke kusa da wasu muhimman wurare na Billiri. A wani rahoton ''The Punch'' na shekarar 2025, an ambaci Tanglang tare da Billiri, Tal da Todi a matsayin wuraren da jami'an tsaro suka ratsa yayin tantance yankunan kan iyakar Gombe da Taraba. <ref>{{cite news |title=Gombe police commissioner visits border flashpoints |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-police-commissioner-visits-border-flashpoints/ |work=The Punch |date=21 March 2025}}</ref> == Ruwa da ababen more rayuwa == Matsalar samun ruwa ta taba shafar Tanglang. A wani rahoto na ''The Nation'' game da Tal community, an bayyana cewa Tanglang ma tana dogaro da wani rijiyar burtsatse mai amfani da hasken rana da ke samar da ruwa ga al'umma, amma injin famfon ya kasance yana aiki na ɗan lokaci kaɗan a rana saboda matsin lamba. Rahoton ya kuma bayyana cewa mazauna Tal da Tanglang kan yi ta samun sabani yayin da suke neman ruwa daga bututun da ke hidimtawa al'ummomin biyu. <ref>{{cite news |title=Gombe: Tal community seek intervention on abandoned school project |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/gombe-tal-community-seek-intervention-abandoned-school-project/ |work=The Nation |date=28 February 2018}}</ref> == Tsaro == Tanglang tana cikin yankin Billiri da ke kusa da hanyar zuwa Shongom da wasu yankunan kudancin Jihar Gombe. A watan Maris na 2025, Kwamishinan 'Yan Sandan Jihar Gombe ya kai ziyarar tantance yanayin tsaro a wasu wuraren kan iyakar jihar da Taraba, inda tawagar ta ratsa ta Billiri, Lalapido, Tanglang, Tal, Todi da hanyar Filiya zuwa Dwaja. <ref>{{cite news |title=Gombe police commissioner visits border flashpoints |url=https://punchng.com/gombe-police-commissioner-visits-border-flashpoints/ |work=The Punch |date=21 March 2025}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Billiri]] * [[Jihar Gombe]] * [[Tangale]] * [[Tal]] * [[Todi]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} rzjax3a5ih0n6r293nx2uda15b63ta9 0 177825 961681 2026-10-02T05:22:41Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Todi | settlement_type = Village and Ward | official_name = Todi | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Billiri | postal_code = 771 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Todi''' ƙauye ne kuma gundumar gudanar da zaɓe (ward) da ke cikin [[Billiri|Ƙaramar Hukumar Billiri]], a [[Jihar Gombe]], arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Todi yana daga cikin gundumomin da aka amince da su a tsarin zaɓe na Billiri, kuma ana sa... 961681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Todi | settlement_type = Village and Ward | official_name = Todi | country = Nigeria | state = Gombe State | local_government_area = Billiri | postal_code = 771 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Todi''' ƙauye ne kuma gundumar gudanar da zaɓe (ward) da ke cikin [[Billiri|Ƙaramar Hukumar Billiri]], a [[Jihar Gombe]], arewa maso gabashin [[Najeriya]]. Todi yana daga cikin gundumomin da aka amince da su a tsarin zaɓe na Billiri, kuma ana samun sunansa a cikin jerin garuruwa da ƙauyukan ƙaramar hukumar. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Matsayi da gudanarwa == Todi yana ƙarƙashin [[Billiri|Ƙaramar Hukumar Billiri]] ta Jihar Gombe. A tsarin gudanar da zaɓe, Todi na daga cikin gundumomin zaɓe guda goma na Billiri. Sauran gundumomin sun haɗa da Bangaje North, Bangaje South, Bare, Billiri North, Billiri South, Kalmai, Tudu Kwaya, Tal da Tanglang. <ref>{{cite web |title=DTM Round 38 List of Assessed Wards |url=https://nigeria.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1856/files/documents/R38%2520LIST%20OF%20WARDS%20ASSESSED.pdf |publisher=International Organization for Migration |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan da Hukumar Zaɓe ta Ƙasa da sauran bayanan tsarin rumfunan zaɓe suka wallafa sun nuna cewa Todi yana da wuraren jefa ƙuri'a da dama da suka haɗa da Dongor I, Dongor II, Lakule, Latana, Yan Sari, Shela I, Shela II, Layer, Lakollo da Wuro Doya. Wasu daga cikin wuraren ana danganta su da makarantun firamare ko gidajen al'umma da ake amfani da su wajen gudanar da zaɓe. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Al'umma == Todi yana cikin yankin da al'ummar [[Tangale]] suka fi yawa a Billiri. Rahoton ''The Punch'' kan al'ummar Tangale ya bayyana Todi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin rassa bakwai na Tangale, tare da Banganje, Kalmai, Nathe, Tal, Tanglang da Tangaltong. Wannan yana nuna muhimmancin Todi a tarihin tsarin rarrabuwar al'ummar Tangale. <ref>{{cite news |title=Mai Tangale: How selection of traditional ruler shattered peace in Gombe community |url=https://punchng.com/mai-tangale-how-selection-of-traditional-ruler-shattered-peace-in-gombe-community/ |work=The Punch |date=28 February 2021 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Harshen Tangale na daga cikin muhimman harsunan yankin Billiri, yayin da Hausa kuma ake amfani da ita a matsayin harshen sadarwa tsakanin al'ummomi a arewacin Najeriya. Rahoton ''The Punch'' ya bayyana cewa mazauna yankin Tangale suna magana da Tangale tare da Hausa a matsayin harshen sadarwa na gama gari. <ref>{{cite news |title=Mai Tangale: How selection of traditional ruler shattered peace in Gombe community |url=https://punchng.com/mai-tangale-how-selection-of-traditional-ruler-shattered-peace-in-gombe-community/ |work=The Punch |date=28 February 2021 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Albarkatun ruwa == An gudanar da ayyukan samar da ruwan sha a Todi. Shafin hukuma na [[Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority]] ya nuna cewa an samar da rijiyar burtsatse mai amfani da hasken rana (solar-powered borehole) a Todi, Billiri, Jihar Gombe. Wannan na daga cikin ayyukan samar da ruwa da hukumar ta gudanar a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Borehole Projects |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/boreholes.php |publisher=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ana samun cibiyoyin ilimi a yankin Todi da kewaye. Bayanai kan wuraren rumfunan zaɓe sun haɗa da makarantu irin su Dongor Primary School da Shela Primary School, abin da ke nuna cewa makarantu suna daga cikin muhimman wuraren taruwar al'umma a wasu sassan yankin Todi. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Kasafin kuɗin Jihar Gombe na shekarar 2022 ya kuma ƙunshi ayyukan ilimi a Ƙaramar Hukumar Billiri, ciki har da ayyukan gine-gine da samar da kayayyakin makarantu. Duk da haka, wannan kasafin bai isa a tabbatar da cewa an kammala wani takamaiman aikin makaranta a Todi ba, saboda haka bai kamata a bayyana aikin a matsayin wanda aka kammala a Todi ba tare da wata majiya kai tsaye ba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gombe State Government 2022 Approved Budget Summary |url=https://www.gombestate.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/approved-gombe-state-goverment-2022-budget-ncoa.pdf |publisher=Gombe State Government |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tsaro == Todi ya taɓa fuskantar matsalolin tsaro da suka shafi satar mutane a wasu lokuta. Rahoton ''ThisDay'' na watan Nuwamba 2022 ya ambaci Todi tare da Tudu Kwaya da Kuran Mota a matsayin yankunan Billiri da aka samu rahotannin satar mutane. Rahoton ya bayyana lamarin ne a matsayin wani ɓangare na matsalolin tsaro da suka addabi wasu yankunan Billiri a wancan lokaci. <ref>{{cite news |title=Insecurity in Billiri LGA of Gombe State |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2022/11/13/insecurity-in-billiri-lga-of-gombe-state/ |work=ThisDay |date=13 November 2022 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan da International Organization for Migration ta wallafa a cikin jerin wuraren da aka tantance a Gombe sun kuma nuna Todi a matsayin ward na Billiri, tare da bayanan yawan wuraren da aka tantance da kuma mutanen da aka samu a wuraren da aka tantance. A cikin wannan bayanin, Todi yana da wurare 7 da aka tantance da mutane 52 da aka rubuta a lokacin wannan zagayen tantancewar. <ref>{{cite web |title=DTM Round 38 List of Assessed Wards |url=https://nigeria.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1856/files/documents/R38%2520LIST%20OF%20WARDS%20ASSESSED.pdf |publisher=International Organization for Migration |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Siyasa da zaɓe == Todi na da muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin zaɓe na Billiri saboda kasancewarsa ɗaya daga cikin wards na ƙaramar hukumar. A watan Disamba 2022, ''Independent'' ta ruwaito cewa yayin wani gangamin siyasa a Billiri, an gudanar da taruka a Todi da wasu wards na Billiri West State Constituency. Rahoton ya kuma bayyana cewa an yi alkawarin ƙarin abubuwan more rayuwa ga al'ummomin yankin. <ref>{{cite news |title=2023: Let's Consolidate On Gains Made So Far, Inuwa Urges Billiri Voters |url=https://independent.ng/2023-lets-consolidate-on-gains-made-so-far-inuwa-urges-billiri-voters/ |work=Independent Nigeria |date=23 December 2022 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A lokacin wannan kamfen ɗin, an kuma ruwaito cewa gwamnatin jihar ta yi alkawarin samar da wasu ayyukan more rayuwa ga Todi. ''Legit.ng'', tana nakalto rahotannin Vanguard, ta bayyana cewa an yi alkawarin gina masallaci da coci a Todi, tare da wasu ayyukan makaranta, hanya da gada a yankunan Billiri. Waɗannan bayanai alkawura ne da aka ruwaito, ba hujjar cewa an kammala ayyukan ba. <ref>{{cite news |title=Popular Governor Promises to Build Mosque and Church for Todi Village |url=https://www.legit.ng/nigeria/1511602-popular-governor-promises-build-mosque-church-todi-village/ |work=Legit.ng |date=2022 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Todi a cikin Billiri == Todi yana daga cikin ƙauyuka da wuraren zama na Billiri-Tangale. Jerin ƙauyukan Jihar Gombe ya sanya Todi a ƙarƙashin Billiri, tare da wasu wurare kamar Ayaba, Banganje, Bare, Billiri, Kalmai, Kulkul, Labepit, Lakalkal, Lamugu, Landongor, Pokuli, Shela, Sikirit, Tal, Tanglang da Tudu Kwaya. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Saboda haka, Todi yana da alaƙa da tsarin gudanarwa na Billiri, al'adun Tangale, harkokin zaɓe, samar da ruwa da sauran ayyukan raya ƙasa. Bayanai daga hukumomin gwamnati da rahotannin kafafen yaɗa labarai sun tabbatar da kasancewar Todi a matsayin wani yanki na Billiri, yayin da bayanai kan yawan jama'a na musamman ga Todi ba su bayyana a cikin majiyoyin da aka yi amfani da su ba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Borehole Projects |url=https://ubrbda.gov.ng/boreholes.php |publisher=Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Billiri]] * [[Jihar Gombe]] * [[Tangale]] * [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Billiri]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 70ibsl9irepwunnt4m0qtvhswpxdsan 0 177826 961683 2026-10-02T05:42:49Z Nnamadee 31123 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376817175|Naresh Goyal]]" 961683 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Naresh Goyal''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Yuli 1949) ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya wanda shine wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kamfanin Jet Airways. Ya fara aiki da Jet Airways a shekarar 1993 da kuɗin farko daga kamfanin Tail Winds da aka kafa, [[Isle of Man]] . Bayan shekarar 2005, mujallar ''Forbes'' ta ayyana shi a matsayin mutum na 16 mafi arziki a [[Indiya]], tare da dukiyar da ta kai {{US$|1.9 billion}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=#16 Naresh Goyal |url=https://www.forbes.com/lists/2005/77/D67A.html |access-date=25 July 2013 |website=Forbes.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Naresh Goyal a Sangrur, [[Punjab (Indiya)|Punjab]] <ref name="theguardian.com">{{Cite web |last=Teather |first=David |date=21 July 2006 |title=Naresh Goyal: Indian high-flyer with the world on his radar |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/jul/21/theairlineindustry.india |website=The Guardian}}</ref> a shekarar 1949 a gidan wani dillalin kayan ado. Mahaifinsa ya mutu yana yaro. Ya yi karatu har zuwa aji shida a Gwamnati. Makarantar Sakandare ta Raj ga Maza. Lokacin da yake ɗan shekara goma sha ɗaya, iyalinsa sun fuskanci matsalar tattalin arziki kuma aka yi gwanjon gidansa. Daga nan ya zauna tare da kawun mahaifiyarsa. Goyal yana da digirin farko na kasuwanci daga Gwamnati. Kwalejin Kasuwanci ta Bikram, Patiala . == Sana'a == A shekarar 1967, Goyal ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai karɓar kuɗi a kamfanin tafiye-tafiye na kawunsa Seth Charan Das Ram Lal, East West Agencies, a matsayin albashin farko na Rs 300 a wata. Bayan kammala karatunsa a fannin kasuwanci, Goyal ya shiga harkar tafiye-tafiye tare da GSA na Kamfanin Jiragen Sama na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Lebanon.<ref name="jetairways.com">{{Cite web |title=Chairman's Profile at Jet Airways |url=http://www.jetairways.com/EN/IN/jetexperience/chairman.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529184308/http://www.jetairways.com/EN/IN/jetexperience/chairman.aspx |archive-date=29 May 2016 |access-date=7 February 2016}}</ref> Daga shekarar 1967 zuwa 1974, ya sami horo mai zurfi a fannin harkokin tafiye-tafiye ta hanyar hulɗarsa da kamfanonin jiragen sama na ƙasashen waje da dama. Ya yi tafiye-tafiye da dama zuwa ƙasashen waje kan harkokin kasuwanci a wannan lokacin.<ref name="jetairways.com" /> A shekarar 1969, an nada shi manajan hulda da jama'a na kamfanin jiragen sama na Iraqi Airways kuma daga 1971 zuwa 1974 shine manajan yanki na kamfanin jiragen sama na Royal Jordanian Airlines na ALIA. Ya kuma yi aiki da ofisoshin kamfanin jiragen sama na Gabas ta Tsakiya (MEA) na Indiya, inda ya sami gogewa a fannoni daban-daban, ciki har da tikitin shiga, ajiyar kuɗi da tallace-tallace. a shekarar 1974, da fam 500 daga mahaifiyarsa, ya kafa kamfaninsa mai suna Jetair, wanda ke wakiltar kamfanonin [[Air France]], Austrian Airlines da Cathay Pacific.<ref name="theguardian.com" /> A shekarar 1975, an naɗa shi manajan yanki na kamfanin jiragen saman Philippines a Indiya. Naresh Goyal ya sauka daga shugabancin Hukumar Jet Airways tare da matarsa Anita Goyal a ranar 25 ga Maris 2019 a lokacin da ake fama da matsalar kuɗi a kamfanin jirgin sama kuma bayan da kashi biyu bisa uku na jiragen suka daina aiki. An hana shi tashi daga jirgin sama a shekarar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-25 |title=Jet Airways crisis: Naresh Goyal, wife stopped from flying abroad at Mumbai airport |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/industry/aviation/story/jet-airways-crisis-naresh-goyal-wife-stopped-from-leaving-abroad-at-mumbai-airport-200272-2019-05-25 |access-date=2024-11-14 |website=Business Today |language=en}}</ref> == safarar kuɗi == A watan Satumba na 2019, [[Directan taimakama doka|Hukumar Tsaro ta Kasa]] ta yi wa Goyal tambayoyi kan tuhumar da ake masa na keta haddin musayar kudaden waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 September 2019 |title=Jet Airways founder Naresh Goyal questioned by ED - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/jet-airways-founder-naresh-goyal-questioned-by-ed/articleshow/71010565.cms |access-date=2019-09-06 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> An tsare shi kuma an yi masa tambayoyi kan laifin halatta kudin haram a shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Vijay V. |date=5 March 2020 |title=Jet ex-promoter Naresh Goyal detained by ED, booked for laundering {{!}} India News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/jet-ex-promoter-naresh-goyal-detained-by-ed-booked-for-laundering/articleshow/74483943.cms |website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com |language=en}}</ref> === Kama Satumba 2023 === An kama Goyal a watan Satumba na 2023 bayan ya yi masa tambayoyi na tsawon awanni 8 zuwa 10. An shigar da ƙarar FIR a kan Goyal bisa ga ƙarar da Bankin Canara ya shigar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gunasekar |first=Arvind |date=1 September 2023 |title=Jet Airways Founder Naresh Goyal Arrested In ₹ 538 Crore Alleged Bank Fraud Case |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/jet-airways-founder-naresh-goyal-arrested-by-probe-agency-in-alleged-bank-fraud-case-4350148 |access-date=2 September 2023 |website=ndtv.com |publisher=NDTV}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chitre |first=Manjiri |date=2 September 2023 |title=Jet Airways founder Naresh Goyal arrested by ED in alleged money laundering case |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/jet-airways-founder-naresh-goyal-arrested-by-ed-in-alleged-money-laundering-case-101693590936132.html |access-date=2 September 2023 |website=hindustantimes.com |publisher=Hindustan Times}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 September 2023 |title=ED arrests Jet Airways founder Naresh Goyal in bank fraud-linked money laundering case |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/ed-arrests-jet-airways-founder-naresh-goyal-in-bank-fraud-linked-money-laundering-case/articleshow/103293212.cms |access-date=2 September 2023 |publisher=Times of India}}</ref> == Jirgin Sama na Jet Airways == A shekarar 1993, Goyal ya yi amfani da damar da gwamnatin Congress karkashin jagorancin PV Narasimha Rao, Firayim Ministan Indiya na wancan lokacin ta samu wajen bude tattalin arzikin Indiya da kuma sanarwar manufar bude sararin samaniya daga gwamnatin Indiya don kafa kamfanin Jet Airways don gudanar da ayyukan jiragen sama a sassan cikin gida a Indiya. Kamfanin Jet Airways ya fara gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci a ranar 5 ga Mayu 1993.<ref name="jetairways.com" /> Goyal ya kafa kamfanin Jet Airways (Private) Limited da nufin samar da wakilcin tallace-tallace da tallatawa ga kamfanonin jiragen sama na ƙasashen waje a Indiya.<ref name="jetairways.com" /> Goyal ya yi aiki a hukumar gudanarwa ta Hukumar Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Duniya (IATA) daga 2004-2006. An sake zaɓensa a shekarar 2010, inda wa'adinsa ya tsawaita har zuwa watan Yunin 2016. <ref name="jetairways.com" /> Naresh Goyal ya sauka daga shugabancin Hukumar Jet Airways a ranar 25 ga Maris 2019 tare da matarsa. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Goyal ya haɗu da matarsa, Anita, bayan ta shiga kamfanin a shekarar 1979 a matsayin mai sharhi kan harkokin kasuwanci, kuma ya zama shugaban sashen tallatawa da tallace-tallace. Sun yi aure bayan shekaru tara.<ref name="theguardian.com" /> Ma'auratan suna da 'ya mace da ɗa ɗaya tare. Anita ta rasu a Mumbai tana da shekaru 70 bayan ta yi fama da cutar kansa a watan Mayu, 2025. == Kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable" !Kyauta ! Shekara |- | Kyautar Gwarzon Ɗan Kasuwa na Shekara don Ayyuka daga Ernst & Young | Satumba 2010 |- | Kyautar Tsoffin Daliban da suka yi fice - 2000 don ƙwarewa da ƙwarewa a matsayin ɗan kasuwa | Oktoba 2000 |- | Kyauta mai kyau ta Asiya-Indiya saboda jagoranci da gudunmawa ga al'ummar duniya da Cibiyar Wayar da Kan Jama'a kan Siyasa ta Indiya ta bayar | Nuwamba 2003 |- | Aerospace Laurels saboda gagarumar gudunmawa a fannin Sufurin Jiragen Sama na Kasuwanci | Afrilu 2000 da Fabrairu 2004 |- | Kyautar BML Munjal ta farko don ƙwarewa a fannin ilmantarwa da ci gaba a fannin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu | 6 Janairu 2006 |- | Kyautar Kasuwancin Riba ta NDTV ta 2006 | 28 ga Yuli 2006 |- | An ba shi lambar yabo ta TATA AIG – Kyautar Nasara ta Rayuwa | 8 Satumba 2007 |- | Kyautar 'Yan Kasuwa na Shekara ta Travel Entrepreneur of the Year a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na TTG (Travel Trade Gazette) na shekara-shekara na 19 | 25 Oktoba 2007 |- | Kyautar gwarzon shekara daga ƙungiyar Aviation Press Club (APC) | 9 Afrilu 2008 |- | Kyautar Mutumin Kasuwanci na Shekara daga Birtaniya Trade & Investment a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan kasuwanci na Indiya na 2008 | 9 Satumba 2008 |- | Kyautar Shugaban Kasuwanci na CNBC TV18 na Indiya | 22 Janairu 2009 |- | 'Yan Kasuwa na Duniya na Shekara daga masu karanta ''Asiya Voice'' | 27 Fabrairu 2009 |- | Kyautar Nasara ta Shekara ta Rayuwa daga Ƙungiyar Wakilan Tafiya ta Indiya (TAAI) | Agusta 2010 |- | An karrama Hall of Fame daga Hotel Investment Forum of India a shekarar 2011 | Janairu 2011 |- | Belgium ta ba wa Kwamandan Order of Leopold II, ɗaya daga cikin manyan fifikon farar hula a ƙasar | Nuwamba 2011 |- | Kyautar Jagorancin Amity don Inganta Kasuwanci | Oktoba 2012 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1949]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7mtvehz5kig1s3silysvtzlrp65gmnt 961684 961683 2026-10-02T05:43:37Z Nnamadee 31123 961684 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Naresh Goyal''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Yuli 1949) ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya wanda shine wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kamfanin Jet Airways. Ya fara aiki da Jet Airways a shekarar 1993 da kuɗin farko daga kamfanin Tail Winds da aka kafa, [[Isle of Man|Isle of Man.]] Bayan shekarar 2005, mujallar ''Forbes'' ta ayyana shi a matsayin mutum na 16 mafi arziki a [[Indiya]], tare da dukiyar da ta kai {{US$|1.9 billion}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=#16 Naresh Goyal |url=https://www.forbes.com/lists/2005/77/D67A.html |access-date=25 July 2013 |website=Forbes.com}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Naresh Goyal a Sangrur, [[Punjab (Indiya)|Punjab]] <ref name="theguardian.com">{{Cite web |last=Teather |first=David |date=21 July 2006 |title=Naresh Goyal: Indian high-flyer with the world on his radar |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/jul/21/theairlineindustry.india |website=The Guardian}}</ref> a shekarar 1949 a gidan wani dillalin kayan ado. Mahaifinsa ya mutu yana yaro. Ya yi karatu har zuwa aji shida a Gwamnati. Makarantar Sakandare ta Raj ga Maza. Lokacin da yake ɗan shekara goma sha ɗaya, iyalinsa sun fuskanci matsalar tattalin arziki kuma aka yi gwanjon gidansa. Daga nan ya zauna tare da kawun mahaifiyarsa. Goyal yana da digirin farko na kasuwanci daga Gwamnati. Kwalejin Kasuwanci ta Bikram, Patiala . == Sana'a == A shekarar 1967, Goyal ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mai karɓar kuɗi a kamfanin tafiye-tafiye na kawunsa Seth Charan Das Ram Lal, East West Agencies, a matsayin albashin farko na Rs 300 a wata. Bayan kammala karatunsa a fannin kasuwanci, Goyal ya shiga harkar tafiye-tafiye tare da GSA na Kamfanin Jiragen Sama na Ƙasa da Ƙasa na Lebanon.<ref name="jetairways.com">{{Cite web |title=Chairman's Profile at Jet Airways |url=http://www.jetairways.com/EN/IN/jetexperience/chairman.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529184308/http://www.jetairways.com/EN/IN/jetexperience/chairman.aspx |archive-date=29 May 2016 |access-date=7 February 2016}}</ref> Daga shekarar 1967 zuwa 1974, ya sami horo mai zurfi a fannin harkokin tafiye-tafiye ta hanyar hulɗarsa da kamfanonin jiragen sama na ƙasashen waje da dama. Ya yi tafiye-tafiye da dama zuwa ƙasashen waje kan harkokin kasuwanci a wannan lokacin.<ref name="jetairways.com" /> A shekarar 1969, an nada shi manajan hulda da jama'a na kamfanin jiragen sama na Iraqi Airways kuma daga 1971 zuwa 1974 shine manajan yanki na kamfanin jiragen sama na Royal Jordanian Airlines na ALIA. Ya kuma yi aiki da ofisoshin kamfanin jiragen sama na Gabas ta Tsakiya (MEA) na Indiya, inda ya sami gogewa a fannoni daban-daban, ciki har da tikitin shiga, ajiyar kuɗi da tallace-tallace. a shekarar 1974, da fam 500 daga mahaifiyarsa, ya kafa kamfaninsa mai suna Jetair, wanda ke wakiltar kamfanonin [[Air France]], Austrian Airlines da Cathay Pacific.<ref name="theguardian.com" /> A shekarar 1975, an naɗa shi manajan yanki na kamfanin jiragen saman Philippines a Indiya. Naresh Goyal ya sauka daga shugabancin Hukumar Jet Airways tare da matarsa Anita Goyal a ranar 25 ga Maris 2019 a lokacin da ake fama da matsalar kuɗi a kamfanin jirgin sama kuma bayan da kashi biyu bisa uku na jiragen suka daina aiki. An hana shi tashi daga jirgin sama a shekarar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-25 |title=Jet Airways crisis: Naresh Goyal, wife stopped from flying abroad at Mumbai airport |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/industry/aviation/story/jet-airways-crisis-naresh-goyal-wife-stopped-from-leaving-abroad-at-mumbai-airport-200272-2019-05-25 |access-date=2024-11-14 |website=Business Today |language=en}}</ref> == safarar kuɗi == A watan Satumba na 2019, [[Directan taimakama doka|Hukumar Tsaro ta Kasa]] ta yi wa Goyal tambayoyi kan tuhumar da ake masa na keta haddin musayar kudaden waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 September 2019 |title=Jet Airways founder Naresh Goyal questioned by ED - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/jet-airways-founder-naresh-goyal-questioned-by-ed/articleshow/71010565.cms |access-date=2019-09-06 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> An tsare shi kuma an yi masa tambayoyi kan laifin halatta kudin haram a shekarar 2020. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Vijay V. |date=5 March 2020 |title=Jet ex-promoter Naresh Goyal detained by ED, booked for laundering {{!}} India News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/jet-ex-promoter-naresh-goyal-detained-by-ed-booked-for-laundering/articleshow/74483943.cms |website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com |language=en}}</ref> === Kama Satumba 2023 === An kama Goyal a watan Satumba na 2023 bayan ya yi masa tambayoyi na tsawon awanni 8 zuwa 10. An shigar da ƙarar FIR a kan Goyal bisa ga ƙarar da Bankin Canara ya shigar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gunasekar |first=Arvind |date=1 September 2023 |title=Jet Airways Founder Naresh Goyal Arrested In ₹ 538 Crore Alleged Bank Fraud Case |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/jet-airways-founder-naresh-goyal-arrested-by-probe-agency-in-alleged-bank-fraud-case-4350148 |access-date=2 September 2023 |website=ndtv.com |publisher=NDTV}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chitre |first=Manjiri |date=2 September 2023 |title=Jet Airways founder Naresh Goyal arrested by ED in alleged money laundering case |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/jet-airways-founder-naresh-goyal-arrested-by-ed-in-alleged-money-laundering-case-101693590936132.html |access-date=2 September 2023 |website=hindustantimes.com |publisher=Hindustan Times}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 September 2023 |title=ED arrests Jet Airways founder Naresh Goyal in bank fraud-linked money laundering case |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/ed-arrests-jet-airways-founder-naresh-goyal-in-bank-fraud-linked-money-laundering-case/articleshow/103293212.cms |access-date=2 September 2023 |publisher=Times of India}}</ref> == Jirgin Sama na Jet Airways == A shekarar 1993, Goyal ya yi amfani da damar da gwamnatin Congress karkashin jagorancin PV Narasimha Rao, Firayim Ministan Indiya na wancan lokacin ta samu wajen bude tattalin arzikin Indiya da kuma sanarwar manufar bude sararin samaniya daga gwamnatin Indiya don kafa kamfanin Jet Airways don gudanar da ayyukan jiragen sama a sassan cikin gida a Indiya. Kamfanin Jet Airways ya fara gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci a ranar 5 ga Mayu 1993.<ref name="jetairways.com" /> Goyal ya kafa kamfanin Jet Airways (Private) Limited da nufin samar da wakilcin tallace-tallace da tallatawa ga kamfanonin jiragen sama na ƙasashen waje a Indiya.<ref name="jetairways.com" /> Goyal ya yi aiki a hukumar gudanarwa ta Hukumar Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Duniya (IATA) daga 2004-2006. An sake zaɓensa a shekarar 2010, inda wa'adinsa ya tsawaita har zuwa watan Yunin 2016. <ref name="jetairways.com" /> Naresh Goyal ya sauka daga shugabancin Hukumar Jet Airways a ranar 25 ga Maris 2019 tare da matarsa. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Goyal ya haɗu da matarsa, Anita, bayan ta shiga kamfanin a shekarar 1979 a matsayin mai sharhi kan harkokin kasuwanci, kuma ya zama shugaban sashen tallatawa da tallace-tallace. Sun yi aure bayan shekaru tara.<ref name="theguardian.com" /> Ma'auratan suna da 'ya mace da ɗa ɗaya tare. Anita ta rasu a Mumbai tana da shekaru 70 bayan ta yi fama da cutar kansa a watan Mayu, 2025. == Kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable" !Kyauta ! Shekara |- | Kyautar Gwarzon Ɗan Kasuwa na Shekara don Ayyuka daga Ernst & Young | Satumba 2010 |- | Kyautar Tsoffin Daliban da suka yi fice - 2000 don ƙwarewa da ƙwarewa a matsayin ɗan kasuwa | Oktoba 2000 |- | Kyauta mai kyau ta Asiya-Indiya saboda jagoranci da gudunmawa ga al'ummar duniya da Cibiyar Wayar da Kan Jama'a kan Siyasa ta Indiya ta bayar | Nuwamba 2003 |- | Aerospace Laurels saboda gagarumar gudunmawa a fannin Sufurin Jiragen Sama na Kasuwanci | Afrilu 2000 da Fabrairu 2004 |- | Kyautar BML Munjal ta farko don ƙwarewa a fannin ilmantarwa da ci gaba a fannin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu | 6 Janairu 2006 |- | Kyautar Kasuwancin Riba ta NDTV ta 2006 | 28 ga Yuli 2006 |- | An ba shi lambar yabo ta TATA AIG – Kyautar Nasara ta Rayuwa | 8 Satumba 2007 |- | Kyautar 'Yan Kasuwa na Shekara ta Travel Entrepreneur of the Year a bikin bayar da kyaututtuka na TTG (Travel Trade Gazette) na shekara-shekara na 19 | 25 Oktoba 2007 |- | Kyautar gwarzon shekara daga ƙungiyar Aviation Press Club (APC) | 9 Afrilu 2008 |- | Kyautar Mutumin Kasuwanci na Shekara daga Birtaniya Trade & Investment a bikin bayar da kyaututtukan kasuwanci na Indiya na 2008 | 9 Satumba 2008 |- | Kyautar Shugaban Kasuwanci na CNBC TV18 na Indiya | 22 Janairu 2009 |- | 'Yan Kasuwa na Duniya na Shekara daga masu karanta ''Asiya Voice'' | 27 Fabrairu 2009 |- | Kyautar Nasara ta Shekara ta Rayuwa daga Ƙungiyar Wakilan Tafiya ta Indiya (TAAI) | Agusta 2010 |- | An karrama Hall of Fame daga Hotel Investment Forum of India a shekarar 2011 | Janairu 2011 |- | Belgium ta ba wa Kwamandan Order of Leopold II, ɗaya daga cikin manyan fifikon farar hula a ƙasar | Nuwamba 2011 |- | Kyautar Jagorancin Amity don Inganta Kasuwanci | Oktoba 2012 |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1949]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] r264mx4gs0wnur43z1wmy5mzu0lt6ij 0 177827 961685 2026-10-02T05:44:29Z Nnamadee 31123 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375746734|Jamsetji Tata]]" 961685 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata''' (3 Maris 1839 - 19 Mayu 1904) ɗan ƙasar Indiya ne mai masana'antu, mai taimakon jama'a kuma uba na dangin Tata wanda ya kafa [[Kamfanin Tata|ƙungiyar Tata]], babbar ƙungiyar kasuwanci a Indiya. Ya kafa birnin Jamshedpur . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tata Central Archives |url=https://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/recollection.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512092526/https://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/recollection.html |archive-date=12 May 2021 |access-date=12 May 2021 |website=Tatacentralarchives.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=webindia123-Indian personalities-Industrialists-Jamshedji Tata |url=http://www.webindia123.com/personal/industry/tata.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410171839/https://www.webindia123.com/personal/industry/tata.htm |archive-date=10 April 2019 |access-date=12 January 2008 |website=Webindia123.com}}</ref> An haife shi a cikin iyalin firistoci na Parsi a Navsari . Mahaifinsa Nusserwanji ne ya karya al'ada ya zama ɗan kasuwa na farko a cikin ƙungiyar. Jamsetji yana da shekaru 20 lokacin da ya shiga kasuwancin ƙananan kasuwanci da banki na mahaifinsa wanda ya riga ya kafa a shekarar 1859. Ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Elphinstone da ke Mumbai a matsayin "Malamin Kore." Bayan ya yi aiki a kamfanin sayar da auduga na mahaifinsa, kuma ya fahimci damammaki a masana'antar auduga a lokacin da ya yi tafiya zuwa China, Tata, yana da shekaru 29, ya kafa kamfanin ciniki a shekarar 1868. Daga baya ya shiga masana'antar yadi kuma ya kafa Empress Mill, Nagpur, <ref>{{Cite web |title=The giant who touched tomorrow - Jamsetji Tata profile |url=https://www.tatachemicals.com/news-room/articles/the-giant-who-touched-tomorrow---jamsetji-tata-profile |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Tatachemicals.com}}</ref> bayan haka ya sayi wani kamfanin mai da ya durkushe a Mumbai sannan ya mayar da shi injin niƙa auduga. Dabaru masu kayatarwa da jajircewar Tata ga ci gaban masana'antu a Indiya sun sa ya kafa manyan cibiyoyi da kamfanoni, ciki har da [[Fadar Otal Ɗin Taj Mahal|Otal ɗin Taj Mahal]] da ke Mumbai, wanda shi ne otal na farko a Indiya mai wutar lantarki, kuma ya ba da gudummawa mai yawa wajen kafa Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Indiya, Tata Steel, da Tata Power . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Benjamin |first=N. |date=2004 |title=Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata: A Centenary Tribute |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=39 |issue=35 |pages=3873–3875 |issn=0012-9976 |jstor=4415463}}</ref> Ya yi tasiri sosai a duniyar masana'antu har Jawaharlal Nehru ya kira Tata a matsayin Hukumar Tsara Tsare-tsare ta Mutum Ɗaya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=N |first=Benjamin |year=2004 |title=Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata: A Centenary Tribune |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=39 |issue=35 |pages=3873–3875 |jstor=4415463}}</ref> Tata mutum ne mai taimakon jama'a, musamman a fannin ilimi da kiwon lafiya. Gudummawar da ya bayar da kuma harsashin gininsa sun kafa harsashin masana'antu da ayyukan agaji na zamani na Indiya. Gadon Tata ya haɗa da birnin Jamshedpur, wanda aka sanya masa suna don girmama shi, da kuma tasirin da ya daɗe yana yi a fannin masana'antu da zamantakewa na Indiya. Ya auri Hirabai Daboo, kuma 'ya'yansu maza, Dorabji Tata da Ratanji Tata, sun ci gaba da gadonsa a cikin ƙungiyar Tata. An gane gudummawar Tata bayan mutuwarsa, ciki har da kasancewa a matsayi na farko a cikin "Masu Taimakon Zuru na Karni" (2021) ta hanyar gudummawar da ta kai dala biliyan 102.4 (a farashin 2021) tare da fara manyan gudummawar da ya bayar a shekarar 1892.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hurun Report – Info – 2021 EdelGive Hurun Philanthropists of the Century |url=https://www.hurun.net/en-US/Info/Detail?num=UWAVNABGQMKW |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705231812/https://hurun.net/en-US/Info/Detail?num=UWAVNABGQMKW |archive-date=5 July 2021 |access-date=1 July 2021 |website=Hurun.net}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata a ranar 3 Maris 1839 a Navsari, Bombay Presidency, Kamfanin Raj zuwa Jeevanbai Nusserwanji Tata ( née Kawasji Tata) da Nusserwanji Ratanji Tata. An haife shi a cikin iyali mai daraja amma matalauta na firistocin Zoroastrian (Mobeds). Harshensa na asali shine Gujarati. Ya karya al'adar firistoci ta iyalinsa don zama ɗan gidan farko da ya fara kasuwanci. Ya fara kamfanin kasuwanci na fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje a [[Mumbai|Bombay]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book}}</ref> Tata ya yi karatunsa na Yamma ne saboda iyayensa sun ga cewa yana da baiwar lissafi ta tunani tun yana ƙarami. Duk da haka, domin ya sami ilimin zamani, daga baya aka tura shi Bombay. Ya haɗu da mahaifinsa, Nusserwanji, a Bombay yana da shekaru 14 kuma ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Elphinstone, inda ya kammala karatunsa a matsayin "Malamin Kore" (daidai da wanda ya kammala karatunsa). Ya auri Hirabai Daboo <ref name="family tree">{{Cite web |title=Family Tree of the Tatas |url=http://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/family-tree.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020075827/http://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/family-tree.html |archive-date=20 October 2016 |access-date=28 October 2016}}</ref> tun yana ɗalibi. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Elphinstone a shekarar 1858, ya shiga kamfanin sayar da kayayyaki na mahaifinsa, kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa rassansa masu ƙarfi a [[Japan]], [[Sin|China]], [[Turai]], da Amurka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gras |first=N. S. B. |date=1949 |title=A Great Indian Industrialist: Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata, 1839–1904 |journal=Bulletin of the Business Historical Society |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=149–151 |doi=10.2307/3111182 |issn=1065-9048 |jstor=3111182}}</ref> Nusserwanji Tata yana son ɗansa ya kasance cikin wannan kasuwancin, don haka ya tura shi zuwa China don ya koyi gudanar da kasuwanci a can da kuma cikakkun bayanai game da cinikin opium. Duk da haka, lokacin da Tata ya yi tafiya a faɗin ƙasar Sin, ya fara fahimtar cewa masana'antar auduga tana bunƙasa kuma akwai damar samun riba mai yawa. == Kasuwanci == [[File:Iisc-Founder.jpg|thumb| Mutum-mutumin JN Tata (sama) a Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Indiya, zauren malamai [[Bengaluru|na Bangalore]] tare da ƙaramin samfurin zauren malamai a hannunsa]] Tata ya yi aiki a kamfanin mahaifinsa har sai da ya kai shekara 29. Ya kafa kamfanin ciniki a shekarar 1868 da jarin ₹ 21,000 (wanda darajarsa ta kai {{US$}} miliyan 52 a shekarar 2015). Ya sayi wani kamfanin mai da ya durkushe a Chinchpokli a shekarar 1869 kuma ya mayar da shi injin niƙa auduga, wanda ya sake masa suna ''Alexandra Mill'' . Ya sayar da injinan bayan shekaru 2 don samun riba. Daga baya, a shekarar 1874, Jamsetji ya yi amfani da Kamfanin Sarrafa, Saƙa, da Masana'antu na Tsakiyar Indiya da ke [[Nagpur]] domin ya zama kamar wuri ne da ya dace da shi don kafa wani kasuwancin. Saboda wannan wuri da ba a saba gani ba, mutanen Bombay sun raina Tata saboda rashin yin wannan matakin na wayo ta hanyar ɗaukar harkar auduga a Bombay, wanda aka fi sani da "Cottonopolis" ta Indiya. Ba su fahimci dalilin da ya sa ya je Nagpur don fara sabuwar kasuwanci ba.<ref name=":1" /> Yana da manufofi huɗu a rayuwa: kafa kamfanin ƙarfe da ƙarfe, cibiyar koyo ta duniya, otal na musamman da kuma masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa. Otal ɗin ne kawai ya zama gaskiya a rayuwarsa, tare da ƙaddamar da [[Fadar Otal Ɗin Taj Mahal|Otal ɗin Taj Mahal]] a bakin tekun Colaba da ke [[Mumbai]] a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 1903.<ref name="tajhotel">{{Cite web |title=Taj Hotels website |url=http://www.tajhotels.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223210218/http://www.tajhotels.com/ |archive-date=23 February 2011 |access-date=11 May 2004}}</ref> A shekarar 1885, Tata ya yi wani kamfani a Pondicherry don kawai ya rarraba masaku na Indiya zuwa yankunan Faransa da ke kusa da su kuma ba tare da biyan haraji ba; duk da haka, wannan ya gaza saboda rashin isasshen buƙatar masaku. Wannan ya sa ya sayi kamfanin Dharamsi Mills a Kurla da ke Bombay sannan daga baya ya sake sayar da shi don siyan kamfanin Advance Mills da ke [[Ahmedabad]] . Tata ya sanya mata suna Advance Mills saboda tana ɗaya daga cikin masana'antun da suka fi ƙwarewa a fannin fasaha a lokacin. Baya ga fasaharta, kamfanin ya yi babban tasiri ga birnin Ahmedabad saboda Tata ta yi ƙoƙarin haɗa masana'antar a cikin birnin domin samar da ci gaban tattalin arziki ga al'ummarta. Ta hanyar waɗannan gudummawar da yawa, Tata ya haɓaka masana'antar yadi da auduga a Indiya. Jamsetji Tata ya ci gaba da kasancewa wani muhimmin mutum a duniyar masana'antu har ma a ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Daga baya, Tata ya zama babban mai goyon bayan addinin Swadesh.<ref name=":1" /> Ƙungiyar Swadeshi ba ta fara ba sai a shekarar 1905; duk da haka, Tata ya wakilci waɗannan ƙa'idodi a tsawon lokacin da yake raye. Swadeshi ƙungiya ce ta siyasa a Birtaniya ta Indiya wadda ke ƙarfafa samar da kayayyakin cikin gida da kuma kauracewa shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Tata ya yi matuƙar mamakin ƙa'idodin wannan injin, ya sanya wa sabon injin niƙa audugarsa da aka gina a Bombay suna "Swadeshi Mill". Asalin manufar wannan sabon injin niƙa ita ce a samar da kyalle mai kyau, kamar nau'in da ya fito daga [[Manchester]] . Manchester ta shahara wajen samar da yadi mai laushi, kuma kayan da aka yi da kauri a Indiya ba su da wani amfani ga jama'a. Tata yana son samar da kyalle mai inganci wanda ya yi daidai da na Manchester a wani yunƙuri na rage yawan shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje. Yana da hangen nesa ga Indiya ta zama babbar mai ƙera kowane irin yadi sannan daga ƙarshe ta zama mai fitar da kayayyaki zuwa ƙasashen waje. Yana son Indiya ta zama ita kaɗai ke ƙera kyawawan tufafi waɗanda aka san tsofaffin masaku na Indiya da su. Tata ya fara gwada hanyoyi daban-daban don inganta noman auduga da ake nomawa a sassa daban-daban na Indiya. Ya yi imanin cewa amfani da hanyar noma da ryot na Masar ke amfani da ita, waɗanda suka shahara da auduga mai laushi, zai ba masana'antar auduga ta Indiya damar cimma waɗannan manufofin. Tata shi ne na farko da ya shigar da zoben sandar a cikin injin niƙansa, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya maye gurbin madaurin da masana'antun suka taɓa amfani da shi. <ref name=":2" /> Ayyukan magajinsa sun sa aka cimma sauran ra'ayoyi guda uku: * Tata Steel (wanda a da ake kira TISCO)&nbsp;– Kamfanin Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited) shine kamfanin ƙarfe na farko a Asiya kuma mafi girma a Indiya. Ya zama kamfanin ƙarfe na biyar mafi girma a duniya bayan ya mallaki Corus Group wanda ke samar da ƙarfe 28.&nbsp;tan miliyan na ƙarfe a kowace shekara. <ref name="tatasteel">{{Cite web |title=Tata Steel website |url=http://www.tatasteel.com/Company/organisation.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050114162059/http://www.tatasteel.com/company/organisation.asp |archive-date=14 January 2005 |access-date=9 September 2006}}</ref> == Taimakon jama'a == Jamsetji ya bayar da gudummawa da yawa musamman don ilimi da kiwon lafiya. Gidauniyar EdelGive da Hurun Research India sun ba shi suna mafi girman mai taimakon jama'a a ƙarni na 20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2021 |title=Jamsetji Tata Named Greatest Philanthrope of Last Century |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/jamsetji-tata-named-greatest-philanthrope-of-last-century-7077721.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185826/https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/jamsetji-tata-named-greatest-philanthrope-of-last-century-7077721.html |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=2 July 2021}}</ref> Ya kasance kan gaba a jerin manyan masu bayar da agaji na duniya na ƙarni na 20, inda aka kiyasta cewa an bayar da gudummawar dala biliyan 102 don daidaita hauhawar farashin kaya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2021 |title=Tata Group's Jamsetji Tata tops world's top philanthropist in 100 years, Azim Premji ranks 12 in top 50 |url=https://zeenews.india.com/companies/tata-group-s-jamsetji-tata-tops-world-s-top-philanthropist-in-100-years-azim-premji-ranks-12-in-top-50-2371674.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705115212/https://zeenews.india.com/companies/tata-group-s-jamsetji-tata-tops-world-s-top-philanthropist-in-100-years-azim-premji-ranks-12-in-top-50-2371674.html |archive-date=5 July 2021 |access-date=2 July 2021}}</ref> An ce Shrimad Rajchandra, malamin addinin [[Jainanci|Jain]] na [[Mahatma Gandhi]], ya bar wani babban tasiri ga Jamsetji Tata. A wani lokaci a lokacin ziyarar da ya kai gidansa mai kyau a Bombay, a yayin mu'amalarsu, Rajchandra ya yi magana game da yanayin ɗan lokaci na dukiyar duniya da rashin haɗin kai, wani ra'ayi da wasu fassarori ke dangantawa da hangen nesa na taimakon jama'a na Ƙungiyar Tata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shrimad Chitralekha Article - Book Summary |url=https://jaingpt.org/knowledge/shrimad_chitralekha_article_249541_249541 |access-date=26 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=JaineLibrary |first=Anish Visaria |title=Search, Seek, and Discover Jain Literature. |url=https://jainqq.org/explore/007707/193 |access-date=26 May 2026 |website=Jainqq.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=India's first Gujarati Animated Movie, Shrimad Rajchandra is now set to take the US market by storm |url=https://theprint.in/ani-press-releases/indias-first-gujarati-animated-movie-shrimad-rajchandra-is-now-set-to-take-the-us-market-by-storm/776701/ |access-date=26 May 2026 |website=Theprint.in}}</ref> [[File:Shrimad_Rajchandra_and_Tata.jpg|thumb|250x250px| Hoton da ke cikin haikalin [[Jainanci|Jain]] na New York wanda ke nuna Shrimad Rajchandra da Jamsetji Tata a gidansu inda Shrimad ya yi magana game da rashin muhimmancin mallakar kayan da suka wuce gona da iri.]] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tata ya auri Hirabai Daboo. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, Dorab da Ratan, wanda ya maye gurbin Tata a matsayin shugaban [[Kamfanin Tata|ƙungiyar Tata]]. Ɗan uwan Tata na farko shine Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata, wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Tata. 'Yar'uwarsa Jerbai, ta hanyar auren wani ɗan kasuwa a Mumbai, ta zama mahaifiyar Shapurji Saklatvala, wanda Tata ya yi aiki da shi don samun nasarar haƙo kwal da ma'adinan ƙarfe a Odisha da Bihar. Daga baya Saklatvala ya zauna a Ingila, da farko don kula da ofishin Tata [[Manchester|da ke Manchester]], kuma daga baya ya zama ɗan majalisar kwaminisanci na Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya. Ta hannun ɗan uwansa, Ratanji Dadabhoy, shi ne kawun ɗan kasuwa JRD Tata da Sylla Tata; na biyun ya auri Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, baronet na uku na Petits. 'Yar'uwar baron [[Rattanbai Jinnah|Rattanbai Petit]], ita ce matar [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], wanda ya kafa [[Pakistan]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2007 |title=Ruttie Jinnah's last letter to her husband -I |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/pimu/886400838/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005055229/http://www.flickr.com/photos/pimu/886400838 |archive-date=5 October 2018 |access-date=6 June 2018 |via=Flickr}}</ref> == Mutuwa == [[File:Jamsetji_Tata_Mausoleum_Brookwood.jpg|right|thumb| Kabarin Jamsetji Tata a Makabartar Brookwood]] A lokacin da yake kan wata tafiya ta kasuwanci zuwa Jamus a shekarar 1900, Tata ya kamu da rashin lafiya mai tsanani. Ya mutu a Bad Nauheim a ranar 19 ga Mayu 1904, kuma aka binne shi a makabartar Parsi a Makabartar Brookwood, Woking, Ingila. [[File:Jamsetji_Tata_1965_stamp_of_India.jpg|thumb| An buga tambarin tunawa da Jamsetji Tata a ranar 7 ga Janairun 1965 ta kamfanin India Post.]] == Maganganu == [[File:JAMSETJI_N._TATA.jpg|thumb| Zane na Tata daga Edwin Arthur Ward]] "Lokacin da dole ne ka ba da jagoranci a aikace, a cikin ra'ayoyi&nbsp;- jagora wanda bai dace da yanayin ra'ayi ba&nbsp;– wannan jarumtaka ce ta gaske, ta jiki ko ta hankali ko ta ruhaniya, ku kira ta abin da kuke so, kuma irin wannan jarumtaka da hangen nesa ne Jamsetji Tata ya nuna. Daidai ne mu girmama tunawa da shi kuma mu tuna da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan waɗanda suka kafa Indiya ta zamani. — Jawaharlal Nehru <ref name="tata.com">{{Cite web |date=14 August 2013 |title=The quotable Jamsetji Tata via @tatacompanies |url=http://tata.com/aboutus/articles/inside.aspx?artid=1U2QamAhqtA= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814232436/http://tata.com/aboutus/articles/inside.aspx?artid=1U2QamAhqtA= |archive-date=14 August 2013 |access-date=9 October 2021 |website=tata.com}}</ref> "Yayin da wasu da yawa suka yi aiki don sassauta sarƙoƙin bauta da kuma hanzarta tafiyar zuwa wayewar 'yanci, Tata ya yi mafarkin rayuwa kuma ya yi aiki don rayuwa kamar yadda za a tsara shi bayan 'yanci. Yawancin sauran sun yi aiki don 'yanci daga mummunan rayuwa ta bauta; Tata ya yi aiki don 'yanci don ƙirƙirar rayuwa mafi kyau ta 'yancin tattalin arziki." — ''Zakir Husain, tsohon shugaban ƙasar Indiya'' "Cewa shi mutum ne mai ƙaddara a bayyane yake. Da alama, kamar lokacin haihuwarsa, rayuwarsa, baiwarsa, ayyukansa, jerin abubuwan da ya kafa ko ya yi tasiri a kansu, da kuma ayyukan da ya yi wa ƙasarsa da mutanensa, duk an riga an ƙaddara su a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban ƙaddarar Indiya." — ''JRD Tata'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7o7sh7pmvs9vdu7g73a1nsmes67iaxo 961686 961685 2026-10-02T05:45:08Z Nnamadee 31123 961686 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata''' (3 Maris 1839 - 19 Mayu 1904) ɗan ƙasar Indiya ne mai masana'antu, mai taimakon jama'a kuma uba na dangin Tata wanda ya kafa [[Kamfanin Tata|ƙungiyar Tata]], babbar ƙungiyar kasuwanci a Indiya. Ya kafa birnin Jamshedpur . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tata Central Archives |url=https://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/recollection.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512092526/https://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/recollection.html |archive-date=12 May 2021 |access-date=12 May 2021 |website=Tatacentralarchives.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=webindia123-Indian personalities-Industrialists-Jamshedji Tata |url=http://www.webindia123.com/personal/industry/tata.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410171839/https://www.webindia123.com/personal/industry/tata.htm |archive-date=10 April 2019 |access-date=12 January 2008 |website=Webindia123.com}}</ref> An haife shi a cikin iyalin firistoci na Parsi a Navsari . Mahaifinsa Nusserwanji ne ya karya al'ada ya zama ɗan kasuwa na farko a cikin ƙungiyar. Jamsetji yana da shekaru 20 lokacin da ya shiga kasuwancin ƙananan kasuwanci da banki na mahaifinsa wanda ya riga ya kafa a shekarar 1859. Ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Elphinstone da ke Mumbai a matsayin "Malamin Kore." Bayan ya yi aiki a kamfanin sayar da auduga na mahaifinsa, kuma ya fahimci damammaki a masana'antar auduga a lokacin da ya yi tafiya zuwa China, Tata, yana da shekaru 29, ya kafa kamfanin ciniki a shekarar 1868. Daga baya ya shiga masana'antar yadi kuma ya kafa Empress Mill, Nagpur, <ref>{{Cite web |title=The giant who touched tomorrow - Jamsetji Tata profile |url=https://www.tatachemicals.com/news-room/articles/the-giant-who-touched-tomorrow---jamsetji-tata-profile |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Tatachemicals.com}}</ref> bayan haka ya sayi wani kamfanin mai da ya durkushe a Mumbai sannan ya mayar da shi injin niƙa auduga. Dabaru masu kayatarwa da jajircewar Tata ga ci gaban masana'antu a Indiya sun sa ya kafa manyan cibiyoyi da kamfanoni, ciki har da [[Fadar Otal Ɗin Taj Mahal|Otal ɗin Taj Mahal]] da ke Mumbai, wanda shi ne otal na farko a Indiya mai wutar lantarki, kuma ya ba da gudummawa mai yawa wajen kafa Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Indiya, Tata Steel, da Tata Power . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Benjamin |first=N. |date=2004 |title=Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata: A Centenary Tribute |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=39 |issue=35 |pages=3873–3875 |issn=0012-9976 |jstor=4415463}}</ref> Ya yi tasiri sosai a duniyar masana'antu har Jawaharlal Nehru ya kira Tata a matsayin Hukumar Tsara Tsare-tsare ta Mutum Ɗaya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=N |first=Benjamin |year=2004 |title=Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata: A Centenary Tribune |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=39 |issue=35 |pages=3873–3875 |jstor=4415463}}</ref> Tata mutum ne mai taimakon jama'a, musamman a fannin ilimi da kiwon lafiya. Gudummawar da ya bayar da kuma harsashin gininsa sun kafa harsashin masana'antu da ayyukan agaji na zamani na Indiya. Gadon Tata ya haɗa da birnin Jamshedpur, wanda aka sanya masa suna don girmama shi, da kuma tasirin da ya daɗe yana yi a fannin masana'antu da zamantakewa na Indiya. Ya auri Hirabai Daboo, kuma 'ya'yansu maza, Dorabji Tata da Ratanji Tata, sun ci gaba da gadonsa a cikin ƙungiyar Tata. An gane gudummawar Tata bayan mutuwarsa, ciki har da kasancewa a matsayi na farko a cikin "Masu Taimakon Zuru na Karni" (2021) ta hanyar gudummawar da ta kai dala biliyan 102.4 (a farashin 2021) tare da fara manyan gudummawar da ya bayar a shekarar 1892.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hurun Report – Info – 2021 EdelGive Hurun Philanthropists of the Century |url=https://www.hurun.net/en-US/Info/Detail?num=UWAVNABGQMKW |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705231812/https://hurun.net/en-US/Info/Detail?num=UWAVNABGQMKW |archive-date=5 July 2021 |access-date=1 July 2021 |website=Hurun.net}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata a ranar 3 Maris 1839 a Navsari, Bombay Presidency, Kamfanin Raj zuwa Jeevanbai Nusserwanji Tata ( née Kawasji Tata) da Nusserwanji Ratanji Tata. An haife shi a cikin iyali mai daraja amma matalauta na firistocin Zoroastrian (Mobeds). Harshensa na asali shine Gujarati. Ya karya al'adar firistoci ta iyalinsa don zama ɗan gidan farko da ya fara kasuwanci. Ya fara kamfanin kasuwanci na fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje a [[Mumbai|Bombay]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book}}</ref> Tata ya yi karatunsa na Yamma ne saboda iyayensa sun ga cewa yana da baiwar lissafi ta tunani tun yana ƙarami. Duk da haka, domin ya sami ilimin zamani, daga baya aka tura shi Bombay. Ya haɗu da mahaifinsa, Nusserwanji, a Bombay yana da shekaru 14 kuma ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Elphinstone, inda ya kammala karatunsa a matsayin "Malamin Kore" (daidai da wanda ya kammala karatunsa). Ya auri Hirabai Daboo <ref name="family tree">{{Cite web |title=Family Tree of the Tatas |url=http://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/family-tree.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020075827/http://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/family-tree.html |archive-date=20 October 2016 |access-date=28 October 2016}}</ref> tun yana ɗalibi. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Elphinstone a shekarar 1858, ya shiga kamfanin sayar da kayayyaki na mahaifinsa, kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa rassansa masu ƙarfi a [[Japan]], [[Sin|China]], [[Turai]], da Amurka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gras |first=N. S. B. |date=1949 |title=A Great Indian Industrialist: Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata, 1839–1904 |journal=Bulletin of the Business Historical Society |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=149–151 |doi=10.2307/3111182 |issn=1065-9048 |jstor=3111182}}</ref> Nusserwanji Tata yana son ɗansa ya kasance cikin wannan kasuwancin, don haka ya tura shi zuwa China don ya koyi gudanar da kasuwanci a can da kuma cikakkun bayanai game da cinikin opium. Duk da haka, lokacin da Tata ya yi tafiya a faɗin ƙasar Sin, ya fara fahimtar cewa masana'antar auduga tana bunƙasa kuma akwai damar samun riba mai yawa. == Kasuwanci == [[File:Iisc-Founder.jpg|thumb| Mutum-mutumin JN Tata (sama) a Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Indiya, zauren malamai [[Bengaluru|na Bangalore]] tare da ƙaramin samfurin zauren malamai a hannunsa]] Tata ya yi aiki a kamfanin mahaifinsa har sai da ya kai shekara 29. Ya kafa kamfanin ciniki a shekarar 1868 da jarin ₹ 21,000 (wanda darajarsa ta kai {{US$}} miliyan 52 a shekarar 2015). Ya sayi wani kamfanin mai da ya durkushe a Chinchpokli a shekarar 1869 kuma ya mayar da shi injin niƙa auduga, wanda ya sake masa suna ''Alexandra Mill'' . Ya sayar da injinan bayan shekaru 2 don samun riba. Daga baya, a shekarar 1874, Jamsetji ya yi amfani da Kamfanin Sarrafa, Saƙa, da Masana'antu na Tsakiyar Indiya da ke [[Nagpur]] domin ya zama kamar wuri ne da ya dace da shi don kafa wani kasuwancin. Saboda wannan wuri da ba a saba gani ba, mutanen Bombay sun raina Tata saboda rashin yin wannan matakin na wayo ta hanyar ɗaukar harkar auduga a Bombay, wanda aka fi sani da "Cottonopolis" ta Indiya. Ba su fahimci dalilin da ya sa ya je Nagpur don fara sabuwar kasuwanci ba.<ref name=":1" /> Yana da manufofi huɗu a rayuwa: kafa kamfanin ƙarfe da ƙarfe, cibiyar koyo ta duniya, otal na musamman da kuma masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa. Otal ɗin ne kawai ya zama gaskiya a rayuwarsa, tare da ƙaddamar da [[Fadar Otal Ɗin Taj Mahal|Otal ɗin Taj Mahal]] a bakin tekun Colaba da ke [[Mumbai]] a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 1903.<ref name="tajhotel">{{Cite web |title=Taj Hotels website |url=http://www.tajhotels.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223210218/http://www.tajhotels.com/ |archive-date=23 February 2011 |access-date=11 May 2004}}</ref> A shekarar 1885, Tata ya yi wani kamfani a Pondicherry don kawai ya rarraba masaku na Indiya zuwa yankunan Faransa da ke kusa da su kuma ba tare da biyan haraji ba; duk da haka, wannan ya gaza saboda rashin isasshen buƙatar masaku. Wannan ya sa ya sayi kamfanin Dharamsi Mills a Kurla da ke Bombay sannan daga baya ya sake sayar da shi don siyan kamfanin Advance Mills da ke [[Ahmedabad]] . Tata ya sanya mata suna Advance Mills saboda tana ɗaya daga cikin masana'antun da suka fi ƙwarewa a fannin fasaha a lokacin. Baya ga fasaharta, kamfanin ya yi babban tasiri ga birnin Ahmedabad saboda Tata ta yi ƙoƙarin haɗa masana'antar a cikin birnin domin samar da ci gaban tattalin arziki ga al'ummarta. Ta hanyar waɗannan gudummawar da yawa, Tata ya haɓaka masana'antar yadi da auduga a Indiya. Jamsetji Tata ya ci gaba da kasancewa wani muhimmin mutum a duniyar masana'antu har ma a ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Daga baya, Tata ya zama babban mai goyon bayan addinin Swadesh.<ref name=":1" /> Ƙungiyar Swadeshi ba ta fara ba sai a shekarar 1905; duk da haka, Tata ya wakilci waɗannan ƙa'idodi a tsawon lokacin da yake raye. Swadeshi ƙungiya ce ta siyasa a Birtaniya ta Indiya wadda ke ƙarfafa samar da kayayyakin cikin gida da kuma kauracewa shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Tata ya yi matuƙar mamakin ƙa'idodin wannan injin, ya sanya wa sabon injin niƙa audugarsa da aka gina a Bombay suna "Swadeshi Mill". Asalin manufar wannan sabon injin niƙa ita ce a samar da kyalle mai kyau, kamar nau'in da ya fito daga [[Manchester]] . Manchester ta shahara wajen samar da yadi mai laushi, kuma kayan da aka yi da kauri a Indiya ba su da wani amfani ga jama'a. Tata yana son samar da kyalle mai inganci wanda ya yi daidai da na Manchester a wani yunƙuri na rage yawan shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje. Yana da hangen nesa ga Indiya ta zama babbar mai ƙera kowane irin yadi sannan daga ƙarshe ta zama mai fitar da kayayyaki zuwa ƙasashen waje. Yana son Indiya ta zama ita kaɗai ke ƙera kyawawan tufafi waɗanda aka san tsofaffin masaku na Indiya da su. Tata ya fara gwada hanyoyi daban-daban don inganta noman auduga da ake nomawa a sassa daban-daban na Indiya. Ya yi imanin cewa amfani da hanyar noma da ryot na Masar ke amfani da ita, waɗanda suka shahara da auduga mai laushi, zai ba masana'antar auduga ta Indiya damar cimma waɗannan manufofin. Tata shi ne na farko da ya shigar da zoben sandar a cikin injin niƙansa, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya maye gurbin madaurin da masana'antun suka taɓa amfani da shi. <ref name=":2" /> Ayyukan magajinsa sun sa aka cimma sauran ra'ayoyi guda uku: * Tata Steel (wanda a da ake kira TISCO)&nbsp;– Kamfanin Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited) shine kamfanin ƙarfe na farko a Asiya kuma mafi girma a Indiya. Ya zama kamfanin ƙarfe na biyar mafi girma a duniya bayan ya mallaki Corus Group wanda ke samar da ƙarfe 28.&nbsp;tan miliyan na ƙarfe a kowace shekara. <ref name="tatasteel">{{Cite web |title=Tata Steel website |url=http://www.tatasteel.com/Company/organisation.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050114162059/http://www.tatasteel.com/company/organisation.asp |archive-date=14 January 2005 |access-date=9 September 2006}}</ref> == Taimakon jama'a == Jamsetji ya bayar da gudummawa da yawa musamman don ilimi da kiwon lafiya. Gidauniyar EdelGive da Hurun Research India sun ba shi suna mafi girman mai taimakon jama'a a ƙarni na 20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2021 |title=Jamsetji Tata Named Greatest Philanthrope of Last Century |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/jamsetji-tata-named-greatest-philanthrope-of-last-century-7077721.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185826/https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/jamsetji-tata-named-greatest-philanthrope-of-last-century-7077721.html |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=2 July 2021}}</ref> Ya kasance kan gaba a jerin manyan masu bayar da agaji na duniya na ƙarni na 20, inda aka kiyasta cewa an bayar da gudummawar dala biliyan 102 don daidaita hauhawar farashin kaya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2021 |title=Tata Group's Jamsetji Tata tops world's top philanthropist in 100 years, Azim Premji ranks 12 in top 50 |url=https://zeenews.india.com/companies/tata-group-s-jamsetji-tata-tops-world-s-top-philanthropist-in-100-years-azim-premji-ranks-12-in-top-50-2371674.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705115212/https://zeenews.india.com/companies/tata-group-s-jamsetji-tata-tops-world-s-top-philanthropist-in-100-years-azim-premji-ranks-12-in-top-50-2371674.html |archive-date=5 July 2021 |access-date=2 July 2021}}</ref> An ce Shrimad Rajchandra, malamin addinin [[Jainanci|Jain]] na [[Mahatma Gandhi]], ya bar wani babban tasiri ga Jamsetji Tata. A wani lokaci a lokacin ziyarar da ya kai gidansa mai kyau a Bombay, a yayin mu'amalarsu, Rajchandra ya yi magana game da yanayin ɗan lokaci na dukiyar duniya da rashin haɗin kai, wani ra'ayi da wasu fassarori ke dangantawa da hangen nesa na taimakon jama'a na Ƙungiyar Tata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shrimad Chitralekha Article - Book Summary |url=https://jaingpt.org/knowledge/shrimad_chitralekha_article_249541_249541 |access-date=26 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=JaineLibrary |first=Anish Visaria |title=Search, Seek, and Discover Jain Literature. |url=https://jainqq.org/explore/007707/193 |access-date=26 May 2026 |website=Jainqq.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=India's first Gujarati Animated Movie, Shrimad Rajchandra is now set to take the US market by storm |url=https://theprint.in/ani-press-releases/indias-first-gujarati-animated-movie-shrimad-rajchandra-is-now-set-to-take-the-us-market-by-storm/776701/ |access-date=26 May 2026 |website=Theprint.in}}</ref> [[File:Shrimad_Rajchandra_and_Tata.jpg|thumb|250x250px| Hoton da ke cikin haikalin [[Jainanci|Jain]] na New York wanda ke nuna Shrimad Rajchandra da Jamsetji Tata a gidansu inda Shrimad ya yi magana game da rashin muhimmancin mallakar kayan da suka wuce gona da iri.]] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tata ya auri Hirabai Daboo. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, Dorab da Ratan, wanda ya maye gurbin Tata a matsayin shugaban [[Kamfanin Tata|ƙungiyar Tata]]. Ɗan uwan Tata na farko shine Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata, wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Tata. 'Yar'uwarsa Jerbai, ta hanyar auren wani ɗan kasuwa a Mumbai, ta zama mahaifiyar Shapurji Saklatvala, wanda Tata ya yi aiki da shi don samun nasarar haƙo kwal da ma'adinan ƙarfe a Odisha da Bihar. Daga baya Saklatvala ya zauna a Ingila, da farko don kula da ofishin Tata [[Manchester|da ke Manchester]], kuma daga baya ya zama ɗan majalisar kwaminisanci na Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya. Ta hannun ɗan uwansa, Ratanji Dadabhoy, shi ne kawun ɗan kasuwa JRD Tata da Sylla Tata; na biyun ya auri Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, baronet na uku na Petits. 'Yar'uwar baron [[Rattanbai Jinnah|Rattanbai Petit]], ita ce matar [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], wanda ya kafa [[Pakistan]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2007 |title=Ruttie Jinnah's last letter to her husband -I |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/pimu/886400838/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005055229/http://www.flickr.com/photos/pimu/886400838 |archive-date=5 October 2018 |access-date=6 June 2018 |via=Flickr}}</ref> == Mutuwa == [[File:Jamsetji_Tata_Mausoleum_Brookwood.jpg|right|thumb| Kabarin Jamsetji Tata a Makabartar Brookwood]] A lokacin da yake kan wata tafiya ta kasuwanci zuwa Jamus a shekarar 1900, Tata ya kamu da rashin lafiya mai tsanani. Ya mutu a Bad Nauheim a ranar 19 ga Mayu 1904, kuma aka binne shi a makabartar Parsi a Makabartar Brookwood, Woking, Ingila. [[File:Jamsetji_Tata_1965_stamp_of_India.jpg|thumb| An buga tambarin tunawa da Jamsetji Tata a ranar 7 ga Janairun 1965 ta kamfanin India Post.]] == Maganganu == [[File:JAMSETJI_N._TATA.jpg|thumb| Zane na Tata daga Edwin Arthur Ward]] "Lokacin da dole ne ka ba da jagoranci a aikace, a cikin ra'ayoyi&nbsp;- jagora wanda bai dace da yanayin ra'ayi ba&nbsp;– wannan jarumtaka ce ta gaske, ta jiki ko ta hankali ko ta ruhaniya, ku kira ta abin da kuke so, kuma irin wannan jarumtaka da hangen nesa ne Jamsetji Tata ya nuna. Daidai ne mu girmama tunawa da shi kuma mu tuna da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan waɗanda suka kafa Indiya ta zamani. — Jawaharlal Nehru <ref name="tata.com">{{Cite web |date=14 August 2013 |title=The quotable Jamsetji Tata via @tatacompanies |url=http://tata.com/aboutus/articles/inside.aspx?artid=1U2QamAhqtA= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814232436/http://tata.com/aboutus/articles/inside.aspx?artid=1U2QamAhqtA= |archive-date=14 August 2013 |access-date=9 October 2021 |website=tata.com}}</ref> "Yayin da wasu da yawa suka yi aiki don sassauta sarƙoƙin bauta da kuma hanzarta tafiyar zuwa wayewar 'yanci, Tata ya yi mafarkin rayuwa kuma ya yi aiki don rayuwa kamar yadda za a tsara shi bayan 'yanci. Yawancin sauran sun yi aiki don 'yanci daga mummunan rayuwa ta bauta; Tata ya yi aiki don 'yanci don ƙirƙirar rayuwa mafi kyau ta 'yancin tattalin arziki." — ''Zakir Husain, tsohon shugaban ƙasar Indiya'' "Cewa shi mutum ne mai ƙaddara a bayyane yake. Da alama, kamar lokacin haihuwarsa, rayuwarsa, baiwarsa, ayyukansa, jerin abubuwan da ya kafa ko ya yi tasiri a kansu, da kuma ayyukan da ya yi wa ƙasarsa da mutanensa, duk an riga an ƙaddara su a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban ƙaddarar Indiya." — ''JRD Tata'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] tale991zvyr76fthddyk4y3vvnox297 961687 961686 2026-10-02T05:45:58Z Nnamadee 31123 961687 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata''' (3 Maris 1839 - 19 Mayu 1904) ɗan ƙasar Indiya ne mai masana'antu, mai taimakon jama'a kuma uba na dangin Tata wanda ya kafa [[Kamfanin Tata|ƙungiyar Tata]], babbar ƙungiyar kasuwanci a Indiya. Ya kafa birnin Jamshedpur.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tata Central Archives |url=https://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/recollection.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512092526/https://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/recollection.html |archive-date=12 May 2021 |access-date=12 May 2021 |website=Tatacentralarchives.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=webindia123-Indian personalities-Industrialists-Jamshedji Tata |url=http://www.webindia123.com/personal/industry/tata.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410171839/https://www.webindia123.com/personal/industry/tata.htm |archive-date=10 April 2019 |access-date=12 January 2008 |website=Webindia123.com}}</ref> An haife shi a cikin iyalin firistoci na Parsi a Navsari. Mahaifinsa Nusserwanji ne ya karya al'ada ya zama ɗan kasuwa na farko a cikin ƙungiyar. Jamsetji yana da shekaru 20 lokacin da ya shiga kasuwancin ƙananan kasuwanci da banki na mahaifinsa wanda ya riga ya kafa a shekarar 1859. Ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Elphinstone da ke Mumbai a matsayin "Malamin Kore." Bayan ya yi aiki a kamfanin sayar da auduga na mahaifinsa, kuma ya fahimci damammaki a masana'antar auduga a lokacin da ya yi tafiya zuwa China, Tata, yana da shekaru 29, ya kafa kamfanin ciniki a shekarar 1868. Daga baya ya shiga masana'antar yadi kuma ya kafa Empress Mill, Nagpur,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The giant who touched tomorrow - Jamsetji Tata profile |url=https://www.tatachemicals.com/news-room/articles/the-giant-who-touched-tomorrow---jamsetji-tata-profile |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Tatachemicals.com}}</ref> bayan haka ya sayi wani kamfanin mai da ya durkushe a Mumbai sannan ya mayar da shi injin niƙa auduga. Dabaru masu kayatarwa da jajircewar Tata ga ci gaban masana'antu a Indiya sun sa ya kafa manyan cibiyoyi da kamfanoni, ciki har da [[Fadar Otal Ɗin Taj Mahal|Otal ɗin Taj Mahal]] da ke Mumbai, wanda shi ne otal na farko a Indiya mai wutar lantarki, kuma ya ba da gudummawa mai yawa wajen kafa Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Indiya, Tata Steel, da Tata Power.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Benjamin |first=N. |date=2004 |title=Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata: A Centenary Tribute |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=39 |issue=35 |pages=3873–3875 |issn=0012-9976 |jstor=4415463}}</ref> Ya yi tasiri sosai a duniyar masana'antu har Jawaharlal Nehru ya kira Tata a matsayin Hukumar Tsara Tsare-tsare ta Mutum Ɗaya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=N |first=Benjamin |year=2004 |title=Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata: A Centenary Tribune |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=39 |issue=35 |pages=3873–3875 |jstor=4415463}}</ref> Tata mutum ne mai taimakon jama'a, musamman a fannin ilimi da kiwon lafiya. Gudummawar da ya bayar da kuma harsashin gininsa sun kafa harsashin masana'antu da ayyukan agaji na zamani na Indiya. Gadon Tata ya haɗa da birnin Jamshedpur, wanda aka sanya masa suna don girmama shi, da kuma tasirin da ya daɗe yana yi a fannin masana'antu da zamantakewa na Indiya. Ya auri Hirabai Daboo, kuma 'ya'yansu maza, Dorabji Tata da Ratanji Tata, sun ci gaba da gadonsa a cikin ƙungiyar Tata. An gane gudummawar Tata bayan mutuwarsa, ciki har da kasancewa a matsayi na farko a cikin "Masu Taimakon Zuru na Karni" (2021) ta hanyar gudummawar da ta kai dala biliyan 102.4 (a farashin 2021) tare da fara manyan gudummawar da ya bayar a shekarar 1892.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hurun Report – Info – 2021 EdelGive Hurun Philanthropists of the Century |url=https://www.hurun.net/en-US/Info/Detail?num=UWAVNABGQMKW |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705231812/https://hurun.net/en-US/Info/Detail?num=UWAVNABGQMKW |archive-date=5 July 2021 |access-date=1 July 2021 |website=Hurun.net}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata a ranar 3 Maris 1839 a Navsari, Bombay Presidency, Kamfanin Raj zuwa Jeevanbai Nusserwanji Tata ( née Kawasji Tata) da Nusserwanji Ratanji Tata. An haife shi a cikin iyali mai daraja amma matalauta na firistocin Zoroastrian (Mobeds). Harshensa na asali shine Gujarati. Ya karya al'adar firistoci ta iyalinsa don zama ɗan gidan farko da ya fara kasuwanci. Ya fara kamfanin kasuwanci na fitar da kaya zuwa ƙasashen waje a [[Mumbai|Bombay]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book}}</ref> Tata ya yi karatunsa na Yamma ne saboda iyayensa sun ga cewa yana da baiwar lissafi ta tunani tun yana ƙarami. Duk da haka, domin ya sami ilimin zamani, daga baya aka tura shi Bombay. Ya haɗu da mahaifinsa, Nusserwanji, a Bombay yana da shekaru 14 kuma ya yi rajista a Kwalejin Elphinstone, inda ya kammala karatunsa a matsayin "Malamin Kore" (daidai da wanda ya kammala karatunsa). Ya auri Hirabai Daboo <ref name="family tree">{{Cite web |title=Family Tree of the Tatas |url=http://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/family-tree.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020075827/http://www.tatacentralarchives.com/tata-legacy/family-tree.html |archive-date=20 October 2016 |access-date=28 October 2016}}</ref> tun yana ɗalibi. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Elphinstone a shekarar 1858, ya shiga kamfanin sayar da kayayyaki na mahaifinsa, kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa rassansa masu ƙarfi a [[Japan]], [[Sin|China]], [[Turai]], da Amurka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gras |first=N. S. B. |date=1949 |title=A Great Indian Industrialist: Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata, 1839–1904 |journal=Bulletin of the Business Historical Society |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=149–151 |doi=10.2307/3111182 |issn=1065-9048 |jstor=3111182}}</ref> Nusserwanji Tata yana son ɗansa ya kasance cikin wannan kasuwancin, don haka ya tura shi zuwa China don ya koyi gudanar da kasuwanci a can da kuma cikakkun bayanai game da cinikin opium. Duk da haka, lokacin da Tata ya yi tafiya a faɗin ƙasar Sin, ya fara fahimtar cewa masana'antar auduga tana bunƙasa kuma akwai damar samun riba mai yawa. == Kasuwanci == [[File:Iisc-Founder.jpg|thumb| Mutum-mutumin JN Tata (sama) a Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Indiya, zauren malamai [[Bengaluru|na Bangalore]] tare da ƙaramin samfurin zauren malamai a hannunsa]] Tata ya yi aiki a kamfanin mahaifinsa har sai da ya kai shekara 29. Ya kafa kamfanin ciniki a shekarar 1868 da jarin ₹ 21,000 (wanda darajarsa ta kai {{US$}} miliyan 52 a shekarar 2015). Ya sayi wani kamfanin mai da ya durkushe a Chinchpokli a shekarar 1869 kuma ya mayar da shi injin niƙa auduga, wanda ya sake masa suna ''Alexandra Mill'' . Ya sayar da injinan bayan shekaru 2 don samun riba. Daga baya, a shekarar 1874, Jamsetji ya yi amfani da Kamfanin Sarrafa, Saƙa, da Masana'antu na Tsakiyar Indiya da ke [[Nagpur]] domin ya zama kamar wuri ne da ya dace da shi don kafa wani kasuwancin. Saboda wannan wuri da ba a saba gani ba, mutanen Bombay sun raina Tata saboda rashin yin wannan matakin na wayo ta hanyar ɗaukar harkar auduga a Bombay, wanda aka fi sani da "Cottonopolis" ta Indiya. Ba su fahimci dalilin da ya sa ya je Nagpur don fara sabuwar kasuwanci ba.<ref name=":1" /> Yana da manufofi huɗu a rayuwa: kafa kamfanin ƙarfe da ƙarfe, cibiyar koyo ta duniya, otal na musamman da kuma masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa. Otal ɗin ne kawai ya zama gaskiya a rayuwarsa, tare da ƙaddamar da [[Fadar Otal Ɗin Taj Mahal|Otal ɗin Taj Mahal]] a bakin tekun Colaba da ke [[Mumbai]] a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 1903.<ref name="tajhotel">{{Cite web |title=Taj Hotels website |url=http://www.tajhotels.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223210218/http://www.tajhotels.com/ |archive-date=23 February 2011 |access-date=11 May 2004}}</ref> A shekarar 1885, Tata ya yi wani kamfani a Pondicherry don kawai ya rarraba masaku na Indiya zuwa yankunan Faransa da ke kusa da su kuma ba tare da biyan haraji ba; duk da haka, wannan ya gaza saboda rashin isasshen buƙatar masaku. Wannan ya sa ya sayi kamfanin Dharamsi Mills a Kurla da ke Bombay sannan daga baya ya sake sayar da shi don siyan kamfanin Advance Mills da ke [[Ahmedabad]] . Tata ya sanya mata suna Advance Mills saboda tana ɗaya daga cikin masana'antun da suka fi ƙwarewa a fannin fasaha a lokacin. Baya ga fasaharta, kamfanin ya yi babban tasiri ga birnin Ahmedabad saboda Tata ta yi ƙoƙarin haɗa masana'antar a cikin birnin domin samar da ci gaban tattalin arziki ga al'ummarta. Ta hanyar waɗannan gudummawar da yawa, Tata ya haɓaka masana'antar yadi da auduga a Indiya. Jamsetji Tata ya ci gaba da kasancewa wani muhimmin mutum a duniyar masana'antu har ma a ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Daga baya, Tata ya zama babban mai goyon bayan addinin Swadesh.<ref name=":1" /> Ƙungiyar Swadeshi ba ta fara ba sai a shekarar 1905; duk da haka, Tata ya wakilci waɗannan ƙa'idodi a tsawon lokacin da yake raye. Swadeshi ƙungiya ce ta siyasa a Birtaniya ta Indiya wadda ke ƙarfafa samar da kayayyakin cikin gida da kuma kauracewa shigo da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje. Tata ya yi matuƙar mamakin ƙa'idodin wannan injin, ya sanya wa sabon injin niƙa audugarsa da aka gina a Bombay suna "Swadeshi Mill". Asalin manufar wannan sabon injin niƙa ita ce a samar da kyalle mai kyau, kamar nau'in da ya fito daga [[Manchester]] . Manchester ta shahara wajen samar da yadi mai laushi, kuma kayan da aka yi da kauri a Indiya ba su da wani amfani ga jama'a. Tata yana son samar da kyalle mai inganci wanda ya yi daidai da na Manchester a wani yunƙuri na rage yawan shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje. Yana da hangen nesa ga Indiya ta zama babbar mai ƙera kowane irin yadi sannan daga ƙarshe ta zama mai fitar da kayayyaki zuwa ƙasashen waje. Yana son Indiya ta zama ita kaɗai ke ƙera kyawawan tufafi waɗanda aka san tsofaffin masaku na Indiya da su. Tata ya fara gwada hanyoyi daban-daban don inganta noman auduga da ake nomawa a sassa daban-daban na Indiya. Ya yi imanin cewa amfani da hanyar noma da ryot na Masar ke amfani da ita, waɗanda suka shahara da auduga mai laushi, zai ba masana'antar auduga ta Indiya damar cimma waɗannan manufofin. Tata shi ne na farko da ya shigar da zoben sandar a cikin injin niƙansa, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya maye gurbin madaurin da masana'antun suka taɓa amfani da shi. <ref name=":2" /> Ayyukan magajinsa sun sa aka cimma sauran ra'ayoyi guda uku: * Tata Steel (wanda a da ake kira TISCO)&nbsp;– Kamfanin Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited) shine kamfanin ƙarfe na farko a Asiya kuma mafi girma a Indiya. Ya zama kamfanin ƙarfe na biyar mafi girma a duniya bayan ya mallaki Corus Group wanda ke samar da ƙarfe 28.&nbsp;tan miliyan na ƙarfe a kowace shekara. <ref name="tatasteel">{{Cite web |title=Tata Steel website |url=http://www.tatasteel.com/Company/organisation.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050114162059/http://www.tatasteel.com/company/organisation.asp |archive-date=14 January 2005 |access-date=9 September 2006}}</ref> == Taimakon jama'a == Jamsetji ya bayar da gudummawa da yawa musamman don ilimi da kiwon lafiya. Gidauniyar EdelGive da Hurun Research India sun ba shi suna mafi girman mai taimakon jama'a a ƙarni na 20. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2021 |title=Jamsetji Tata Named Greatest Philanthrope of Last Century |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/jamsetji-tata-named-greatest-philanthrope-of-last-century-7077721.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185826/https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/jamsetji-tata-named-greatest-philanthrope-of-last-century-7077721.html |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=2 July 2021}}</ref> Ya kasance kan gaba a jerin manyan masu bayar da agaji na duniya na ƙarni na 20, inda aka kiyasta cewa an bayar da gudummawar dala biliyan 102 don daidaita hauhawar farashin kaya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2021 |title=Tata Group's Jamsetji Tata tops world's top philanthropist in 100 years, Azim Premji ranks 12 in top 50 |url=https://zeenews.india.com/companies/tata-group-s-jamsetji-tata-tops-world-s-top-philanthropist-in-100-years-azim-premji-ranks-12-in-top-50-2371674.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705115212/https://zeenews.india.com/companies/tata-group-s-jamsetji-tata-tops-world-s-top-philanthropist-in-100-years-azim-premji-ranks-12-in-top-50-2371674.html |archive-date=5 July 2021 |access-date=2 July 2021}}</ref> An ce Shrimad Rajchandra, malamin addinin [[Jainanci|Jain]] na [[Mahatma Gandhi]], ya bar wani babban tasiri ga Jamsetji Tata. A wani lokaci a lokacin ziyarar da ya kai gidansa mai kyau a Bombay, a yayin mu'amalarsu, Rajchandra ya yi magana game da yanayin ɗan lokaci na dukiyar duniya da rashin haɗin kai, wani ra'ayi da wasu fassarori ke dangantawa da hangen nesa na taimakon jama'a na Ƙungiyar Tata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shrimad Chitralekha Article - Book Summary |url=https://jaingpt.org/knowledge/shrimad_chitralekha_article_249541_249541 |access-date=26 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=JaineLibrary |first=Anish Visaria |title=Search, Seek, and Discover Jain Literature. |url=https://jainqq.org/explore/007707/193 |access-date=26 May 2026 |website=Jainqq.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=India's first Gujarati Animated Movie, Shrimad Rajchandra is now set to take the US market by storm |url=https://theprint.in/ani-press-releases/indias-first-gujarati-animated-movie-shrimad-rajchandra-is-now-set-to-take-the-us-market-by-storm/776701/ |access-date=26 May 2026 |website=Theprint.in}}</ref> [[File:Shrimad_Rajchandra_and_Tata.jpg|thumb|250x250px| Hoton da ke cikin haikalin [[Jainanci|Jain]] na New York wanda ke nuna Shrimad Rajchandra da Jamsetji Tata a gidansu inda Shrimad ya yi magana game da rashin muhimmancin mallakar kayan da suka wuce gona da iri.]] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tata ya auri Hirabai Daboo. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, Dorab da Ratan, wanda ya maye gurbin Tata a matsayin shugaban [[Kamfanin Tata|ƙungiyar Tata]]. Ɗan uwan Tata na farko shine Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata, wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa ƙungiyar Tata. 'Yar'uwarsa Jerbai, ta hanyar auren wani ɗan kasuwa a Mumbai, ta zama mahaifiyar Shapurji Saklatvala, wanda Tata ya yi aiki da shi don samun nasarar haƙo kwal da ma'adinan ƙarfe a Odisha da Bihar. Daga baya Saklatvala ya zauna a Ingila, da farko don kula da ofishin Tata [[Manchester|da ke Manchester]], kuma daga baya ya zama ɗan majalisar kwaminisanci na Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya. Ta hannun ɗan uwansa, Ratanji Dadabhoy, shi ne kawun ɗan kasuwa JRD Tata da Sylla Tata; na biyun ya auri Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, baronet na uku na Petits. 'Yar'uwar baron [[Rattanbai Jinnah|Rattanbai Petit]], ita ce matar [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], wanda ya kafa [[Pakistan]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2007 |title=Ruttie Jinnah's last letter to her husband -I |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/pimu/886400838/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005055229/http://www.flickr.com/photos/pimu/886400838 |archive-date=5 October 2018 |access-date=6 June 2018 |via=Flickr}}</ref> == Mutuwa == [[File:Jamsetji_Tata_Mausoleum_Brookwood.jpg|right|thumb| Kabarin Jamsetji Tata a Makabartar Brookwood]] A lokacin da yake kan wata tafiya ta kasuwanci zuwa Jamus a shekarar 1900, Tata ya kamu da rashin lafiya mai tsanani. Ya mutu a Bad Nauheim a ranar 19 ga Mayu 1904, kuma aka binne shi a makabartar Parsi a Makabartar Brookwood, Woking, Ingila. [[File:Jamsetji_Tata_1965_stamp_of_India.jpg|thumb| An buga tambarin tunawa da Jamsetji Tata a ranar 7 ga Janairun 1965 ta kamfanin India Post.]] == Maganganu == [[File:JAMSETJI_N._TATA.jpg|thumb| Zane na Tata daga Edwin Arthur Ward]] "Lokacin da dole ne ka ba da jagoranci a aikace, a cikin ra'ayoyi&nbsp;- jagora wanda bai dace da yanayin ra'ayi ba&nbsp;– wannan jarumtaka ce ta gaske, ta jiki ko ta hankali ko ta ruhaniya, ku kira ta abin da kuke so, kuma irin wannan jarumtaka da hangen nesa ne Jamsetji Tata ya nuna. Daidai ne mu girmama tunawa da shi kuma mu tuna da shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan waɗanda suka kafa Indiya ta zamani. — Jawaharlal Nehru <ref name="tata.com">{{Cite web |date=14 August 2013 |title=The quotable Jamsetji Tata via @tatacompanies |url=http://tata.com/aboutus/articles/inside.aspx?artid=1U2QamAhqtA= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814232436/http://tata.com/aboutus/articles/inside.aspx?artid=1U2QamAhqtA= |archive-date=14 August 2013 |access-date=9 October 2021 |website=tata.com}}</ref> "Yayin da wasu da yawa suka yi aiki don sassauta sarƙoƙin bauta da kuma hanzarta tafiyar zuwa wayewar 'yanci, Tata ya yi mafarkin rayuwa kuma ya yi aiki don rayuwa kamar yadda za a tsara shi bayan 'yanci. Yawancin sauran sun yi aiki don 'yanci daga mummunan rayuwa ta bauta; Tata ya yi aiki don 'yanci don ƙirƙirar rayuwa mafi kyau ta 'yancin tattalin arziki." — ''Zakir Husain, tsohon shugaban ƙasar Indiya'' "Cewa shi mutum ne mai ƙaddara a bayyane yake. Da alama, kamar lokacin haihuwarsa, rayuwarsa, baiwarsa, ayyukansa, jerin abubuwan da ya kafa ko ya yi tasiri a kansu, da kuma ayyukan da ya yi wa ƙasarsa da mutanensa, duk an riga an ƙaddara su a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban ƙaddarar Indiya." — ''JRD Tata'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lzi9czi7r26dz3c0uvxmx5ltgxb03o5 0 177828 961688 2026-10-02T05:46:18Z Nnamadee 31123 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377432715|Aman Gupta]]" 961688 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aman Gupta''' (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga Maris 1982) ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya kuma mai saka hannun jari a fannin mala'iku.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Feeling Proud And Grateful": Aman Gupta Shares Glimpses Of State Dinner At Rashtrapati Bhavan |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/feeling-proud-and-grateful-aman-gupta-shares-glimpses-of-state-dinner-at-rashtrapati-bhavan-4944078 |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref> Shi ne wanda ya kafa kamfanin kuma shine Babban Jami'in Talla (CMO) na kamfanin samar da kayan lantarki na Indiya BoAt Lifestyle. Gupta ya sauka daga mukaminsa na CMO kwanaki 29 kacal kafin kamfanin ya shigar da takardar IPO Prospectus.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-09 |title=Aman Gupta spots UK PM Rishi Sunak wearing boAt headphones, says this |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/aman-gupta-spots-uk-pm-rishi-sunak-wearing-boat-headphones-says-this-101694242743611.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> Shi alkali ne kuma mai saka hannun jari a shirin gaskiya na kasuwanci, ''Shark Tank India''. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Shivam |title=Meet Shark Tank India's newest judge, set to join Anupam Mittal, Aman Gupta, Namita Thapar, to replace Deepinder Goyal |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-meet-shark-tank-india-s-newest-judge-kunal-bahl-anupam-mittal-aman-gupta-namita-thapar-deepinder-goyal-3112105 |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref> . Kwanan nan ya shiga harkar kasuwanci ta zamani tare da OffBeat Studios, wanda ya sami tallafin kuɗi na ₹crore 100, wanda hakan ya nuna cewa an fara samun riba a wannan fanni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aman Gupta's OffBeat Studios raises ₹100 crore in seed funding |url=https://startupfox.in/article/aman-gupta-offbeat-studios-raises-100-crore-bessemer |access-date=2026-04-08 |website=StartupFox |publisher=StartupFox |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Gupta a Delhi, Indiya. Sunan mahaifinsa Neeraj Gupta kuma sunan mahaifiyarsa Jyoti Kochar Gupta.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Who Is Aman Gupta? The Delhi Boy Who Became Trailblazer In Biz World, With Net Worth Of Rs 700 crore Is Shark Tank Indias Most Active Shark |url=https://zeenews.india.com/companies/who-is-aman-gupta-the-delhi-boy-who-became-trailblazer-in-biz-world-with-net-worth-of-rs-700-crore-is-shark-tank-indias-most-active-shark-2636561.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Zee News |language=en}}</ref> Gupta ya kammala karatunsa na farko daga Makarantar Jama'a ta Delhi, RK Puram . Ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Shaheed Bhagat Singh a ƙarƙashin Jami'ar Delhi tare da digiri na BCom (Hons). Shi ƙwararren CA ne. Daga baya ya shiga ICAI. Yana da digirin MBA a fannin Kudi da Dabaru daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Indiya.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-01 |title=Couldn't study at Harvard, but made my company and work make a mark here, says boAt co-founder Aman Gupta |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/startup/harvard-business-school-boat-case-study-aman-gupta-instagram-15068231.htm |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}</ref> == Sana'a == Gupta ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mataimakin manaja tare da Citi. Daga baya ya shiga KPMG a matsayin Babban Mai Ba da Shawara kan Gudanarwa.<ref name=":0" /> Daga baya ya kafa Advanced Telemedia Private Limited tare da haɗin gwiwar kamfanin kuma aka ɗaga shi zuwa matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa (Shugaba).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-06 |title=Shark Tank India's Aman Gupta reveals he shut down 5 companies before boAt: 'Jo aap marketing seekh ke aate ho…' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/shark-tank-india-aman-gupta-shut-down-5-companies-before-boat-failures-success-story-8481340/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Ya kafa kamfanin samar da kayan lantarki na boAt a shekarar 2016 tare da Sameer Mehta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Aman Gupta, Sameer Mehta: Building BoAt Into One Of World's Largest Wearable Brands |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/tycoons-of-tomorrow-2021/aman-gupta-sameer-mehta-building-boat-into-one-of-worlds-largest-wearable-brands/72369/1 |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Forbes India |language=en}}</ref> Wannan kamfani yana sayar da belun kunne, agogon hannu da lasifika.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Business Success Story: Aman Guptas Journey To Revolutionizing The Audio Industry With BoAt |url=https://zeenews.india.com/companies/business-success-story-aman-guptas-journey-to-revolutionizing-the-audio-industry-with-boat-2718288.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Zee News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-19 |title=From boAt To Shark Tank, Tracing The Successful Journey Of Aman Gupta |url=https://www.news18.com/business/from-boat-to-shark-tank-tracing-the-successful-journey-of-aman-gupta-8372077.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> === ''Tankin Shark na Indiya'' === Gupta ɗaya ce daga cikin manyan masu zuba jari/alkalai a shirin gaskiya na kasuwanci ''na Shark Tank India'' . Ya bayyana a cikin kakar wasa 5 na ''Shark Tank India.''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-02 |title=Aman Gupta tears cheque after making an offer to pitchers. Here's why |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/shark-tank-india-3-aman-gupta-tears-cheque-after-making-an-offer-to-pitchers-here-s-why-101706853648102.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Suri |first=Ridhi |date=2023-05-04 |title=Aman Gupta on Shark Tank India: 'People are watching more business shows than 'Saas Bahu' serials' |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/tv/aman-gupta-on-shark-tank-india-people-are-watching-more-business-shows-than-saas-bahu-shows-2023-05-04-868762 |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=www.indiatvnews.com |language=en}}</ref> Yana da jari a kamfanoni da kamfanoni sama da 100.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-24 |title=Aman Gupta’s Investment Portfolio {{!}} List of Companies Backed by Him |url=https://startuptalky.com/aman-gupta-funded-startups/ |access-date=2025-12-20 |website=StartupTalky- Business News, Insights and Stories |language=en}}</ref> == Nishaɗi da labarai == A shekarar 2022, Gupta tare da sauran alkalan ''Shark Tank India'' sun bayyana a matsayin mai shiga gasar VIP a ''Kaun Banega Crorepati.''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-29 |title=KBC: Vineeta Singh, Aman Gupta pitch for themselves to grab hotsea |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tv/kbc-here-s-how-vineeta-singh-aman-gupta-anupam-mittal-pitched-for-themselves-to-grab-the-hotseat-101672280279803.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> Ya kuma bayyana a matsayin baƙo a shirin ''The Kapil Sharma Show'' tare da sauran alkalan ''Shark Tank India'' a 2022 da 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-02 |title=Aman Gupta shares drawback of becoming famous after Shark Tank India: 'Koi kahin discount nahi deta' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/aman-gupta-shares-drawback-of-becoming-famous-after-shark-tank-india-8420669/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Gupta ya wakilci Indiya a taron shugabannin kamfanonin Indo-French tare da [[Narendra Modi|Firayim Minista Modi]] a karo na biyu, wanda ya nuna yadda Indiya ta zama kasa ta uku mafi girma a fannin tsarin samar da kayayyaki a duniya. Ya jaddada nasarar da aka samu a shirin " Make in India ", inda boAt ke ƙera wani muhimmin ɓangare na kayayyakinta a cikin gida. Gupta ya kuma yi kira da a ƙara yin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin kamfanonin farawa na Indiya da Faransa, yana mai ba da shawarar haɗin gwiwa a cikin Startup Mahakumbh na Indiya da VivaTech na Faransa . Ya nuna alfahari da nuna yanayin kasuwancin Indiya mai saurin canzawa a duniya. == Rayuwa ta sirri == == Ganewa == * A shekarar 2019, ya lashe kyautar Businessworld Young Entrepreneur Award. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Young Entrepreneur Summit & Awards 2018 |url=https://bwevents.co.in/bw/young-entrepreneur-awards/2019/index.html |access-date=2025-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * A shekarar 2019, an nada shi a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar 'yan kasuwa ta Indiya Tech 25. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2" /> * A shekarar 2020, shi ne ya lashe kyautar Super 30 CMO. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2" /> * A shekarar 2020, ya lashe kyautar ɗan kasuwa na shekara. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2" /> * A shekarar 2020, an sanya shi cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasa 40 da suka yi nasara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 40 a Businessworld. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2023 |title=Shark Aman Gupta to lead jury at BW Disrupt 40Under40 2023 – Exchange4media |url=https://www.exchange4media.com/marketing-news/shark-aman-gupta-to-lead-jury-at-bw-disrupt-40under40-2023-128387.html |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=Indian Advertising Media & Marketing News – exchange4media |language=en}}</ref> * An yi masa lakabi da BoAt, kamfanin da ya fi kowanne shahara a duniya, kuma ya shahara a shekarar 2020 da 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-27 |title=boAt Success Story : How It Became the World's 5th Largest Wearable Brand |url=https://startuptalky.com/boat-success-story/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=StartupTalky |language=en}}</ref> * A shekarar 2021, an nada shi a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan jaridar Economic Times 40 'yan kasa da shekaru 40. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Raj |first=Neha |date=2023-11-05 |title=Aman Gupta: The Inspirational Success Story of boAt Company's Co-Founder & CMO |url=https://pune.news/business/aman-gupta-the-inspirational-success-story-of-boat-companys-co-founder-cmo-81903/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=pune.news |language=en-US}}</ref> * Ya lashe kyautar ɗan kasuwa mafi salo na Lokmat a shekarar 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-06 |title=Entrepreneurs Falguni Nayar, Aman Gupta win big at the Lokmat Most Stylish Awards 2021 |url=https://theprint.in/ani-press-releases/entrepreneurs-falguni-nayar-aman-gupta-win-big-at-the-lokmat-most-stylish-awards-2021/777416/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Entrepreneurs Falguni Nayar, Aman Gupta win big at the Lokmat Most Stylish Awards 2021 |url=https://www.business-standard.com/content/press-releases-ani/entrepreneurs-falguni-nayar-aman-gupta-win-big-at-the-lokmat-most-stylish-awards-2021-121120700475_1.html |access-date=7 February 2024 |website=business-standard.com}}</ref> * A shekarar 2022, ya lashe kyautar 'yan kasuwa na shekara ta Retailer India. <ref name="q646">{{Cite web |last=Shwenk |first=Martin |last2=Murthy |first2=Narayana |last3=Poonawalla |first3=Adar |last4=Jain |first4=Manu |last5=Kamath |first5=Nitin |date=2024-03-08 |title=National Creators Award: Meet Aman Gupta who got Celebrity Creator of the Year award |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/new-updates/national-creators-award-meet-aman-gupta-who-got-celebrity-creator-of-the-year-award/articleshow/108321416.cms |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=The Economic Times}}</ref> * A shekarar 2024, ya lashe kyautar National Creator Award for Celebrity Creator. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-08 |title=PM Modi presents 'celebrity entrepreneur award' to Aman Gupta, boAt CEO says this |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/pm-modi-presents-celebrity-entrepreneur-award-to-aman-gupta-boat-ceo-says-this-101709886293499.html |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] p9e52ird9juv3wtkf54rbaf2hwx88ea 961689 961688 2026-10-02T05:46:44Z Nnamadee 31123 961689 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Aman Gupta''' (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga Maris 1982) ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya kuma mai saka hannun jari a fannin mala'iku.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Feeling Proud And Grateful": Aman Gupta Shares Glimpses Of State Dinner At Rashtrapati Bhavan |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/feeling-proud-and-grateful-aman-gupta-shares-glimpses-of-state-dinner-at-rashtrapati-bhavan-4944078 |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref> Shi ne wanda ya kafa kamfanin kuma shine Babban Jami'in Talla (CMO) na kamfanin samar da kayan lantarki na Indiya BoAt Lifestyle. Gupta ya sauka daga mukaminsa na CMO kwanaki 29 kacal kafin kamfanin ya shigar da takardar IPO Prospectus.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-09 |title=Aman Gupta spots UK PM Rishi Sunak wearing boAt headphones, says this |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/aman-gupta-spots-uk-pm-rishi-sunak-wearing-boat-headphones-says-this-101694242743611.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> Shi alkali ne kuma mai saka hannun jari a shirin gaskiya na kasuwanci, ''Shark Tank India''. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Shivam |title=Meet Shark Tank India's newest judge, set to join Anupam Mittal, Aman Gupta, Namita Thapar, to replace Deepinder Goyal |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-meet-shark-tank-india-s-newest-judge-kunal-bahl-anupam-mittal-aman-gupta-namita-thapar-deepinder-goyal-3112105 |access-date=2025-02-16 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref> . Kwanan nan ya shiga harkar kasuwanci ta zamani tare da OffBeat Studios, wanda ya sami tallafin kuɗi na ₹crore 100, wanda hakan ya nuna cewa an fara samun riba a wannan fanni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aman Gupta's OffBeat Studios raises ₹100 crore in seed funding |url=https://startupfox.in/article/aman-gupta-offbeat-studios-raises-100-crore-bessemer |access-date=2026-04-08 |website=StartupFox |publisher=StartupFox |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Gupta a Delhi, Indiya. Sunan mahaifinsa Neeraj Gupta kuma sunan mahaifiyarsa Jyoti Kochar Gupta.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Who Is Aman Gupta? The Delhi Boy Who Became Trailblazer In Biz World, With Net Worth Of Rs 700 crore Is Shark Tank Indias Most Active Shark |url=https://zeenews.india.com/companies/who-is-aman-gupta-the-delhi-boy-who-became-trailblazer-in-biz-world-with-net-worth-of-rs-700-crore-is-shark-tank-indias-most-active-shark-2636561.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Zee News |language=en}}</ref> Gupta ya kammala karatunsa na farko daga Makarantar Jama'a ta Delhi, RK Puram . Ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Shaheed Bhagat Singh a ƙarƙashin Jami'ar Delhi tare da digiri na BCom (Hons). Shi ƙwararren CA ne. Daga baya ya shiga ICAI. Yana da digirin MBA a fannin Kudi da Dabaru daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Indiya.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-01 |title=Couldn't study at Harvard, but made my company and work make a mark here, says boAt co-founder Aman Gupta |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/startup/harvard-business-school-boat-case-study-aman-gupta-instagram-15068231.htm |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}</ref> == Sana'a == Gupta ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mataimakin manaja tare da Citi. Daga baya ya shiga KPMG a matsayin Babban Mai Ba da Shawara kan Gudanarwa.<ref name=":0" /> Daga baya ya kafa Advanced Telemedia Private Limited tare da haɗin gwiwar kamfanin kuma aka ɗaga shi zuwa matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa (Shugaba).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-06 |title=Shark Tank India's Aman Gupta reveals he shut down 5 companies before boAt: 'Jo aap marketing seekh ke aate ho…' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/shark-tank-india-aman-gupta-shut-down-5-companies-before-boat-failures-success-story-8481340/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Ya kafa kamfanin samar da kayan lantarki na boAt a shekarar 2016 tare da Sameer Mehta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Aman Gupta, Sameer Mehta: Building BoAt Into One Of World's Largest Wearable Brands |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/tycoons-of-tomorrow-2021/aman-gupta-sameer-mehta-building-boat-into-one-of-worlds-largest-wearable-brands/72369/1 |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Forbes India |language=en}}</ref> Wannan kamfani yana sayar da belun kunne, agogon hannu da lasifika.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Business Success Story: Aman Guptas Journey To Revolutionizing The Audio Industry With BoAt |url=https://zeenews.india.com/companies/business-success-story-aman-guptas-journey-to-revolutionizing-the-audio-industry-with-boat-2718288.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Zee News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-19 |title=From boAt To Shark Tank, Tracing The Successful Journey Of Aman Gupta |url=https://www.news18.com/business/from-boat-to-shark-tank-tracing-the-successful-journey-of-aman-gupta-8372077.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> === ''Tankin Shark na Indiya'' === Gupta ɗaya ce daga cikin manyan masu zuba jari/alkalai a shirin gaskiya na kasuwanci ''na Shark Tank India'' . Ya bayyana a cikin kakar wasa 5 na ''Shark Tank India.''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-02 |title=Aman Gupta tears cheque after making an offer to pitchers. Here's why |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/shark-tank-india-3-aman-gupta-tears-cheque-after-making-an-offer-to-pitchers-here-s-why-101706853648102.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Suri |first=Ridhi |date=2023-05-04 |title=Aman Gupta on Shark Tank India: 'People are watching more business shows than 'Saas Bahu' serials' |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/tv/aman-gupta-on-shark-tank-india-people-are-watching-more-business-shows-than-saas-bahu-shows-2023-05-04-868762 |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=www.indiatvnews.com |language=en}}</ref> Yana da jari a kamfanoni da kamfanoni sama da 100.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-24 |title=Aman Gupta’s Investment Portfolio {{!}} List of Companies Backed by Him |url=https://startuptalky.com/aman-gupta-funded-startups/ |access-date=2025-12-20 |website=StartupTalky- Business News, Insights and Stories |language=en}}</ref> == Nishaɗi da labarai == A shekarar 2022, Gupta tare da sauran alkalan ''Shark Tank India'' sun bayyana a matsayin mai shiga gasar VIP a ''Kaun Banega Crorepati.''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-29 |title=KBC: Vineeta Singh, Aman Gupta pitch for themselves to grab hotsea |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tv/kbc-here-s-how-vineeta-singh-aman-gupta-anupam-mittal-pitched-for-themselves-to-grab-the-hotseat-101672280279803.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> Ya kuma bayyana a matsayin baƙo a shirin ''The Kapil Sharma Show'' tare da sauran alkalan ''Shark Tank India'' a 2022 da 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-02 |title=Aman Gupta shares drawback of becoming famous after Shark Tank India: 'Koi kahin discount nahi deta' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/aman-gupta-shares-drawback-of-becoming-famous-after-shark-tank-india-8420669/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Gupta ya wakilci Indiya a taron shugabannin kamfanonin Indo-French tare da [[Narendra Modi|Firayim Minista Modi]] a karo na biyu, wanda ya nuna yadda Indiya ta zama kasa ta uku mafi girma a fannin tsarin samar da kayayyaki a duniya. Ya jaddada nasarar da aka samu a shirin " Make in India ", inda boAt ke ƙera wani muhimmin ɓangare na kayayyakinta a cikin gida. Gupta ya kuma yi kira da a ƙara yin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin kamfanonin farawa na Indiya da Faransa, yana mai ba da shawarar haɗin gwiwa a cikin Startup Mahakumbh na Indiya da VivaTech na Faransa . Ya nuna alfahari da nuna yanayin kasuwancin Indiya mai saurin canzawa a duniya. == Rayuwa ta sirri == == Ganewa == * A shekarar 2019, ya lashe kyautar Businessworld Young Entrepreneur Award. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Young Entrepreneur Summit & Awards 2018 |url=https://bwevents.co.in/bw/young-entrepreneur-awards/2019/index.html |access-date=2025-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * A shekarar 2019, an nada shi a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar 'yan kasuwa ta Indiya Tech 25. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2" /> * A shekarar 2020, shi ne ya lashe kyautar Super 30 CMO. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2" /> * A shekarar 2020, ya lashe kyautar ɗan kasuwa na shekara. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":2" /> * A shekarar 2020, an sanya shi cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasa 40 da suka yi nasara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 40 a Businessworld. <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2023 |title=Shark Aman Gupta to lead jury at BW Disrupt 40Under40 2023 – Exchange4media |url=https://www.exchange4media.com/marketing-news/shark-aman-gupta-to-lead-jury-at-bw-disrupt-40under40-2023-128387.html |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=Indian Advertising Media & Marketing News – exchange4media |language=en}}</ref> * An yi masa lakabi da BoAt, kamfanin da ya fi kowanne shahara a duniya, kuma ya shahara a shekarar 2020 da 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-27 |title=boAt Success Story : How It Became the World's 5th Largest Wearable Brand |url=https://startuptalky.com/boat-success-story/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=StartupTalky |language=en}}</ref> * A shekarar 2021, an nada shi a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan jaridar Economic Times 40 'yan kasa da shekaru 40. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Raj |first=Neha |date=2023-11-05 |title=Aman Gupta: The Inspirational Success Story of boAt Company's Co-Founder & CMO |url=https://pune.news/business/aman-gupta-the-inspirational-success-story-of-boat-companys-co-founder-cmo-81903/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=pune.news |language=en-US}}</ref> * Ya lashe kyautar ɗan kasuwa mafi salo na Lokmat a shekarar 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-06 |title=Entrepreneurs Falguni Nayar, Aman Gupta win big at the Lokmat Most Stylish Awards 2021 |url=https://theprint.in/ani-press-releases/entrepreneurs-falguni-nayar-aman-gupta-win-big-at-the-lokmat-most-stylish-awards-2021/777416/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Entrepreneurs Falguni Nayar, Aman Gupta win big at the Lokmat Most Stylish Awards 2021 |url=https://www.business-standard.com/content/press-releases-ani/entrepreneurs-falguni-nayar-aman-gupta-win-big-at-the-lokmat-most-stylish-awards-2021-121120700475_1.html |access-date=7 February 2024 |website=business-standard.com}}</ref> * A shekarar 2022, ya lashe kyautar 'yan kasuwa na shekara ta Retailer India. <ref name="q646">{{Cite web |last=Shwenk |first=Martin |last2=Murthy |first2=Narayana |last3=Poonawalla |first3=Adar |last4=Jain |first4=Manu |last5=Kamath |first5=Nitin |date=2024-03-08 |title=National Creators Award: Meet Aman Gupta who got Celebrity Creator of the Year award |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/new-updates/national-creators-award-meet-aman-gupta-who-got-celebrity-creator-of-the-year-award/articleshow/108321416.cms |access-date=2025-11-11 |website=The Economic Times}}</ref> * A shekarar 2024, ya lashe kyautar National Creator Award for Celebrity Creator. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-08 |title=PM Modi presents 'celebrity entrepreneur award' to Aman Gupta, boAt CEO says this |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/pm-modi-presents-celebrity-entrepreneur-award-to-aman-gupta-boat-ceo-says-this-101709886293499.html |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] c18gyjqr99h1sfeqd0aihdg12r63m82 0 177829 961690 2026-10-02T05:47:01Z Nnamadee 31123 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372649858|Siddharth Kumar Tewary]]" 961690 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Siddharth Kumar Tewari''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Janairu 1978) fitaccen mai shirya talabijin ne kuma [[darakta]] a Indiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2020 |title=The accidental producer: Siddharth Kumar Tewary gets candid on his journey |url=https://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/people/the-accidental-producer-siddharth-kumar-tewary-gets-candid-on-his-journey-200509 |access-date=6 July 2022 |website=Indian Television.Com |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne wanda ya kafa Swastik Productions, ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin shirya fina-finai a Indiya. A halin yanzu, yana aiki a matsayin babban Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire na kamfanin. Tewary ya kasance mahalicci da kuma darektan wasanni daban-daban kamar <nowiki><i id="mwFA">Mahabharat</i></nowiki>, ''Shiv Shakti - Tap Tyaag Tandav'', Suryaputra Karn, <nowiki><i id="mwGQ">Karmaphal Daata Shani</i></nowiki> ( Launuka TV ), <nowiki><i id="mwHA">Porus</i></nowiki> ( SET India ), ''Ram Siya Ke Luv Kush'' kuma mafi kwanan nan <nowiki><i id="mwIQ">RadhaKrishn</i></nowiki> ( Star Bharat ). Ya fara fitowa a karon farko a OTT tare da Escaype Live tare da Siddharth a cikin shirin Disney+ Hotstar a shekarar 2022. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Tewari a cikin dangin talakawa a Kolkata. Ya yi karatu a Makarantar St. Xavier's Collegiate da Kwalejin St. Xavier's, a Jami'ar Calcutta da ke [[Kolkata]], sannan daga baya ya yi karatun Mass Communication a Symbiosis Film &amp;amp; Mass Comm da ke [[Pune]]. == Fitattun shirye-shiryen talabijin == === ''Mahabharat'' === Mahabharat ya kasance wani sabon salo na tarihin [[Sanskrit]] mai suna iri ɗaya, wanda ya nuna hamayyar 'yan uwan Kauravas da Pandavas na Daular Kuru wanda daga ƙarshe ya haifar da Yaƙin Kurukshetra . An nuna shirin daga 16 ga Satumba 2013 zuwa 16 ga Agusta 2014 a Star Plus . Shi ne fim mafi tsada a Indiya, wanda jimillar kasafinsa ya kai INR 100 crore. Shirin ya sami mafi girman GTVMs daga kowace tashar talabijin ta Indiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2020 |title=100 करोड़ के बजट वाला पहला भारतीय टीवी शो था महाभारत, बनाने में लगे थे 5 साल |url=https://www.aajtak.in/entertainment/story/mahabharat-serial-of-2013-was-the-first-indian-tv-show-to-be-made-on-a-budget-of-100-crore-tmov-1077786-2020-06-03 |access-date=6 July 2022 |website={{Lang|hi-latn|[[Aaj Tak]]}} |language=hi}}</ref> === ''Porus'' === Labarin <nowiki><i id="mwTA">Porus</i></nowiki> shine labarin Sarakuna 2, Porus (Sarkin Pauravas ) da [[Alakszandira|Alexander Mai Girma]] (Sarkin [[Daular Macedoniya|Makidoniya]] ) da kuma yadda makomarsu ta kawo su fuska da fuska a Yaƙin Hydaspes. An nuna shirin daga 27 ga Nuwamba 2017 zuwa 13 ga Nuwamba 2018 a kan SET India. Shi ne fim mafi tsada a Indiya, wanda kasafinsa ya kai ₹ crore 500.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-11-28 |title=Porus is about India's golden age, when we were a First World nation: Siddharth Kumar Tewary |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/porus-is-about-indias-golden-age-when-we-were-a-first-world-nation-siddharth-kumar-tewary-4231335.html |access-date=2024-09-29 |website=Firstpost |language=en-us}}</ref> === ''RadhaKrishn'' === RadhaKrishn shiri ne na talabijin [[Camfi|na tatsuniyoyi]] na Hindu wanda aka fara nunawa a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2018 akan Star Bharat kuma ana samunsa ta hanyar dijital akan Disney+ Hotstar . An gina wannan shirin ne bisa rayuwar allolin Hindu Radha da Krishna kuma yana da surori uku. * Babi na 1 : Matashiyar Radha-Krishna * Babi na 2 : Maharabata * Babi na 3 : Punarmilan == Rayuwar ɗin fim == === Na yanzu === * ''Shiv Shakti – Tap Tyaag Tandav'' * ''Chalo Bulawa Aya Hai, Mata Ne Bulaya Hai'' === Tsoffin shirye-shirye === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Series !Channel !Ref(s) |- |2009–2011 |''Agle Janam Mohe Bitiya Hi Kijo'' |Zee TV | |- |2010 |''Maan Rahe Tera Pitaah'' |Sony Entertainment Television | |- | rowspan="4" |2011–2012 |''Navya'' |Star Plus | |- |''[[Gyan Guru]]'' |Imagine TV | |- |''Phulwa'' |Colors TV | |- |''Shobha Somnath Ki'' |Zee TV | |- |2013 |'' [[Amita Ka Amit]]'' |Sony Entertainment Television | |- |2013–2014 |''Mahabharat'' |Star Plus | |- |2014–2015 |''Bandhan'' |Zee TV | |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Razia Sultan'' |&amp;amp;TV | |- |''Dosti... Yaariyan... Manmarziyan'' |Star Plus | |- |2014–2016 |''Yam Hain Hum'' |SAB TV | |- | rowspan="2" |2015–2016 |''Suryaputra Karn'' |Sony Entertainment Television | |- |''Begusarai'' |&TV | |- |2016–2017 |''Baal Krishna'' |BIG Magic | |- |2016–2018 |''Karmaphal Daata Shani'' |Colors TV | |- |2017 |Shankar Jaikishan 3 in 1 |SAB TV | |- | rowspan="2" |2017–2018 |''Mahakali – Anth Hi Aarambh Hai'' |Colors TV | |- |''Porus'' | rowspan="2" |Sony Entertainment Television | |- | rowspan="2" |2018-2019 |''Chandragupta Maurya'' | |- |''Tantra'' | rowspan="2" |Colors TV | |- |2019–2020 |''Ram Siya Ke Luv Kush'' | |- | rowspan="2" |2020 |''Jai Deva Shree Ganesha '' |Star Pravah | |- |''Devi Adi Parashakti'' |Dangal TV | |- |2021–2022 |<nowiki><i id="mwATQ">Jai Kanhaiya Lal Ki</i></nowiki> | rowspan="2" |Star Bharat | |- |2018–2023 |''RadhaKrishn'' | |- |2022 |''Escaype Live'' |Disney+ Hotstar | |- | rowspan="2" |2022–2023 |<nowiki><i id="mwAUo">Nethra</i></nowiki> |Gemini TV | |- |Dheere Dheere Se |Star Bharat | |- |2023 |Hum Rahein Na Rahein Hum |Sony Entertainment Television | |- |2023–2024 |''Chand Jalne Laga'' | rowspan="2" |Colors TV | |- |2024 |''Lakshmi Narayan – Sukh Saamarthya Santoolan'' | |- |2024–2025 |''Shrimad Ramayan'' |Sony Entertainment Television <br /><br /> Sony SAB | |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Veer Hanuman – Bolo Bajrang Bali Ki Jai'' |Sony SAB | |- |''Tu Dhadkan Main Dil'' |StarPlus | |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] dps4xg23kppx8orhak6fzk28mxiia5n 961691 961690 2026-10-02T05:49:29Z Nnamadee 31123 961691 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Siddharth Kumar Tewari''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Janairu 1978) fitaccen mai shirya talabijin ne kuma [[darakta]] a Indiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2020 |title=The accidental producer: Siddharth Kumar Tewary gets candid on his journey |url=https://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/people/the-accidental-producer-siddharth-kumar-tewary-gets-candid-on-his-journey-200509 |access-date=6 July 2022 |website=Indian Television.Com |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne wanda ya kafa Swastik Productions, ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin shirya fina-finai a Indiya. A halin yanzu, yana aiki a matsayin babban Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire na kamfanin. Tewary ya kasance mahalicci da kuma darektan wasanni daban-daban kamar m ''Shiv Shakti - Tap Tyaag Tandav'', Suryaputra Karn, Karmaphal Daata Shani ( Launuka TV ), (SET India), ''Ram Siya Ke Luv Kush'' kuma mafi kwanan nan RadhaKrishn ( Star Bharat ). Ya fara fitowa a karon farko a OTT tare da Escaype Live tare da Siddharth a cikin shirin Disney+ Hotstar a shekarar 2022. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Tewari a cikin dangin talakawa a Kolkata. Ya yi karatu a Makarantar St. Xavier's Collegiate da Kwalejin St. Xavier's, a Jami'ar Calcutta da ke [[Kolkata]], sannan daga baya ya yi karatun Mass Communication a Symbiosis Film &amp;amp; Mass Comm da ke [[Pune]]. == Fitattun shirye-shiryen talabijin == === ''Mahabharat'' === Mahabharat ya kasance wani sabon salo na tarihin [[Sanskrit]] mai suna iri ɗaya, wanda ya nuna hamayyar 'yan uwan Kauravas da Pandavas na Daular Kuru wanda daga ƙarshe ya haifar da Yaƙin Kurukshetra . An nuna shirin daga 16 ga Satumba 2013 zuwa 16 ga Agusta 2014 a Star Plus . Shi ne fim mafi tsada a Indiya, wanda jimillar kasafinsa ya kai INR 100 crore. Shirin ya sami mafi girman GTVMs daga kowace tashar talabijin ta Indiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2020 |title=100 करोड़ के बजट वाला पहला भारतीय टीवी शो था महाभारत, बनाने में लगे थे 5 साल |url=https://www.aajtak.in/entertainment/story/mahabharat-serial-of-2013-was-the-first-indian-tv-show-to-be-made-on-a-budget-of-100-crore-tmov-1077786-2020-06-03 |access-date=6 July 2022 |website={{Lang|hi-latn|[[Aaj Tak]]}} |language=hi}}</ref> === ''Porus'' === Labarin <nowiki><i id="mwTA">Porus</i></nowiki> shine labarin Sarakuna 2, Porus (Sarkin Pauravas ) da [[Alakszandira|Alexander Mai Girma]] (Sarkin [[Daular Macedoniya|Makidoniya]] ) da kuma yadda makomarsu ta kawo su fuska da fuska a Yaƙin Hydaspes. An nuna shirin daga 27 ga Nuwamba 2017 zuwa 13 ga Nuwamba 2018 a kan SET India. Shi ne fim mafi tsada a Indiya, wanda kasafinsa ya kai ₹ crore 500.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-11-28 |title=Porus is about India's golden age, when we were a First World nation: Siddharth Kumar Tewary |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/porus-is-about-indias-golden-age-when-we-were-a-first-world-nation-siddharth-kumar-tewary-4231335.html |access-date=2024-09-29 |website=Firstpost |language=en-us}}</ref> === ''RadhaKrishn'' === RadhaKrishn shiri ne na talabijin [[Camfi|na tatsuniyoyi]] na Hindu wanda aka fara nunawa a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2018 akan Star Bharat kuma ana samunsa ta hanyar dijital akan Disney+ Hotstar . An gina wannan shirin ne bisa rayuwar allolin Hindu Radha da Krishna kuma yana da surori uku. * Babi na 1 : Matashiyar Radha-Krishna * Babi na 2 : Maharabata * Babi na 3 : Punarmilan == Rayuwar ɗin fim == === Na yanzu === * ''Shiv Shakti – Tap Tyaag Tandav'' * ''Chalo Bulawa Aya Hai, Mata Ne Bulaya Hai'' === Tsoffin shirye-shirye === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Series !Channel !Ref(s) |- |2009–2011 |''Agle Janam Mohe Bitiya Hi Kijo'' |Zee TV | |- |2010 |''Maan Rahe Tera Pitaah'' |Sony Entertainment Television | |- | rowspan="4" |2011–2012 |''Navya'' |Star Plus | |- |''[[Gyan Guru]]'' |Imagine TV | |- |''Phulwa'' |Colors TV | |- |''Shobha Somnath Ki'' |Zee TV | |- |2013 |'' [[Amita Ka Amit]]'' |Sony Entertainment Television | |- |2013–2014 |''Mahabharat'' |Star Plus | |- |2014–2015 |''Bandhan'' |Zee TV | |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Razia Sultan'' |&amp;amp;TV | |- |''Dosti... Yaariyan... Manmarziyan'' |Star Plus | |- |2014–2016 |''Yam Hain Hum'' |SAB TV | |- | rowspan="2" |2015–2016 |''Suryaputra Karn'' |Sony Entertainment Television | |- |''Begusarai'' |&TV | |- |2016–2017 |''Baal Krishna'' |BIG Magic | |- |2016–2018 |''Karmaphal Daata Shani'' |Colors TV | |- |2017 |Shankar Jaikishan 3 in 1 |SAB TV | |- | rowspan="2" |2017–2018 |''Mahakali – Anth Hi Aarambh Hai'' |Colors TV | |- |''Porus'' | rowspan="2" |Sony Entertainment Television | |- | rowspan="2" |2018-2019 |''Chandragupta Maurya'' | |- |''Tantra'' | rowspan="2" |Colors TV | |- |2019–2020 |''Ram Siya Ke Luv Kush'' | |- | rowspan="2" |2020 |''Jai Deva Shree Ganesha '' |Star Pravah | |- |''Devi Adi Parashakti'' |Dangal TV | |- |2021–2022 |<nowiki><i id="mwATQ">Jai Kanhaiya Lal Ki</i></nowiki> | rowspan="2" |Star Bharat | |- |2018–2023 |''RadhaKrishn'' | |- |2022 |''Escaype Live'' |Disney+ Hotstar | |- | rowspan="2" |2022–2023 |<nowiki><i id="mwAUo">Nethra</i></nowiki> |Gemini TV | |- |Dheere Dheere Se |Star Bharat | |- |2023 |Hum Rahein Na Rahein Hum |Sony Entertainment Television | |- |2023–2024 |''Chand Jalne Laga'' | rowspan="2" |Colors TV | |- |2024 |''Lakshmi Narayan – Sukh Saamarthya Santoolan'' | |- |2024–2025 |''Shrimad Ramayan'' |Sony Entertainment Television <br /><br /> Sony SAB | |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Veer Hanuman – Bolo Bajrang Bali Ki Jai'' |Sony SAB | |- |''Tu Dhadkan Main Dil'' |StarPlus | |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 6fgiy97hp6xdft2usnc9n8gszahwadm 961692 961691 2026-10-02T05:50:03Z Nnamadee 31123 961692 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Siddharth Kumar Tewari''' (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Janairu 1978) fitaccen mai shirya talabijin ne kuma [[darakta]] a Indiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2020 |title=The accidental producer: Siddharth Kumar Tewary gets candid on his journey |url=https://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/people/the-accidental-producer-siddharth-kumar-tewary-gets-candid-on-his-journey-200509 |access-date=6 July 2022 |website=Indian Television.Com |language=en}}</ref> Shi ne wanda ya kafa Swastik Productions, ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin shirya fina-finai a Indiya. A halin yanzu, yana aiki a matsayin babban Daraktan Kirkire-kirkire na kamfanin. Tewary ya kasance mahalicci da kuma darektan wasanni daban-daban kamar m ''Shiv Shakti - Tap Tyaag Tandav'', Suryaputra Karn, Karmaphal Daata Shani ( Launuka TV ), (SET India), ''Ram Siya Ke Luv Kush'' kuma mafi kwanan nan RadhaKrishn ( Star Bharat ). Ya fara fitowa a karon farko a OTT tare da Escaype Live tare da Siddharth a cikin shirin Disney+ Hotstar a shekarar 2022. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Tewari a cikin dangin talakawa a Kolkata. Ya yi karatu a Makarantar St. Xavier's Collegiate da Kwalejin St. Xavier's, a Jami'ar Calcutta da ke [[Kolkata]], sannan daga baya ya yi karatun Mass Communication a Symbiosis Film &amp;amp; Mass Comm da ke [[Pune]]. == Fitattun shirye-shiryen talabijin == === ''Mahabharat'' === Mahabharat ya kasance wani sabon salo na tarihin [[Sanskrit]] mai suna iri ɗaya, wanda ya nuna hamayyar 'yan uwan Kauravas da Pandavas na Daular Kuru wanda daga ƙarshe ya haifar da Yaƙin Kurukshetra . An nuna shirin daga 16 ga Satumba 2013 zuwa 16 ga Agusta 2014 a Star Plus . Shi ne fim mafi tsada a Indiya, wanda jimillar kasafinsa ya kai INR 100 crore. Shirin ya sami mafi girman GTVMs daga kowace tashar talabijin ta Indiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2020 |title=100 करोड़ के बजट वाला पहला भारतीय टीवी शो था महाभारत, बनाने में लगे थे 5 साल |url=https://www.aajtak.in/entertainment/story/mahabharat-serial-of-2013-was-the-first-indian-tv-show-to-be-made-on-a-budget-of-100-crore-tmov-1077786-2020-06-03 |access-date=6 July 2022 |website={{Lang|hi-latn|[[Aaj Tak]]}} |language=hi}}</ref> === ''Porus'' === Labarin <nowiki><i id="mwTA">Porus</i></nowiki> shine labarin Sarakuna 2, Porus (Sarkin Pauravas ) da [[Alakszandira|Alexander Mai Girma]] (Sarkin [[Daular Macedoniya|Makidoniya]] ) da kuma yadda makomarsu ta kawo su fuska da fuska a Yaƙin Hydaspes. An nuna shirin daga 27 ga Nuwamba 2017 zuwa 13 ga Nuwamba 2018 a kan SET India. Shi ne fim mafi tsada a Indiya, wanda kasafinsa ya kai ₹ crore 500.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-11-28 |title=Porus is about India's golden age, when we were a First World nation: Siddharth Kumar Tewary |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/porus-is-about-indias-golden-age-when-we-were-a-first-world-nation-siddharth-kumar-tewary-4231335.html |access-date=2024-09-29 |website=Firstpost |language=en-us}}</ref> === ''RadhaKrishn'' === RadhaKrishn shiri ne na talabijin [[Camfi|na tatsuniyoyi]] na Hindu wanda aka fara nunawa a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2018 akan Star Bharat kuma ana samunsa ta hanyar dijital akan Disney+ Hotstar . An gina wannan shirin ne bisa rayuwar allolin Hindu Radha da Krishna kuma yana da surori uku. * Babi na 1 : Matashiyar Radha-Krishna * Babi na 2 : Maharabata * Babi na 3 : Punarmilan == Rayuwar ɗin fim == === Na yanzu === * ''Shiv Shakti – Tap Tyaag Tandav'' * ''Chalo Bulawa Aya Hai, Mata Ne Bulaya Hai'' === Tsoffin shirye-shirye === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Series !Channel !Ref(s) |- |2009–2011 |''Agle Janam Mohe Bitiya Hi Kijo'' |Zee TV | |- |2010 |''Maan Rahe Tera Pitaah'' |Sony Entertainment Television | |- | rowspan="4" |2011–2012 |''Navya'' |Star Plus | |- |''[[Gyan Guru]]'' |Imagine TV | |- |''Phulwa'' |Colors TV | |- |''Shobha Somnath Ki'' |Zee TV | |- |2013 |'' [[Amita Ka Amit]]'' |Sony Entertainment Television | |- |2013–2014 |''Mahabharat'' |Star Plus | |- |2014–2015 |''Bandhan'' |Zee TV | |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Razia Sultan'' |&amp;amp;TV | |- |''Dosti... Yaariyan... Manmarziyan'' |Star Plus | |- |2014–2016 |''Yam Hain Hum'' |SAB TV | |- | rowspan="2" |2015–2016 |''Suryaputra Karn'' |Sony Entertainment Television | |- |''Begusarai'' |&TV | |- |2016–2017 |''Baal Krishna'' |BIG Magic | |- |2016–2018 |''Karmaphal Daata Shani'' |Colors TV | |- |2017 |Shankar Jaikishan 3 in 1 |SAB TV | |- | rowspan="2" |2017–2018 |''Mahakali – Anth Hi Aarambh Hai'' |Colors TV | |- |''Porus'' | rowspan="2" |Sony Entertainment Television | |- | rowspan="2" |2018-2019 |''Chandragupta Maurya'' | |- |''Tantra'' | rowspan="2" |Colors TV | |- |2019–2020 |''Ram Siya Ke Luv Kush'' | |- | rowspan="2" |2020 |''Jai Deva Shree Ganesha '' |Star Pravah | |- |''Devi Adi Parashakti'' |Dangal TV | |- |2021–2022 |<nowiki><i id="mwATQ">Jai Kanhaiya Lal Ki</i></nowiki> | rowspan="2" |Star Bharat | |- |2018–2023 |''RadhaKrishn'' | |- |2022 |''Escaype Live'' |Disney+ Hotstar | |- | rowspan="2" |2022–2023 |<nowiki><i id="mwAUo">Nethra</i></nowiki> |Gemini TV | |- |Dheere Dheere Se |Star Bharat | |- |2023 |Hum Rahein Na Rahein Hum |Sony Entertainment Television | |- |2023–2024 |''Chand Jalne Laga'' | rowspan="2" |Colors TV | |- |2024 |''Lakshmi Narayan – Sukh Saamarthya Santoolan'' | |- |2024–2025 |''Shrimad Ramayan'' |Sony Entertainment Television <br /><br /> Sony SAB | |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Veer Hanuman – Bolo Bajrang Bali Ki Jai'' |Sony SAB | |- |''Tu Dhadkan Main Dil'' |StarPlus | |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] f0tcj7b1fnclrkjxwcwhfpx03e638ui 0 177830 961694 2026-10-02T05:50:52Z Nnamadee 31123 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376089165|Vikaas Gutgutia]]" 961694 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vikaas Gutgutia''' ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya wanda ya kafa Ferns N Petals (FNP), wani kamfanin furanni da kyaututtuka, a New Delhi a shekarar 1994.<ref name="GuptaPandit2012">{{Cite journal |last=Gupta |first=Rakesh |last2=Pandit |first2=Ajay |date=June 2012 |title=Ferns N Petals: Transforming an Unorganized Business into an Organized One |journal=Asian Case Research Journal |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=155–181 |doi=10.1142/S0218927512500071}}</ref> Daga baya kasuwancin ya faɗaɗa zuwa ayyukan ado na aure, dillalan mallaka da kuma ayyukan kasuwanci ta intanet. <ref name="Forbes2013">{{cite news |last=Thomas |first=Prince Mathews |date=19 September 2013 |title=Ferns N Petals Aims to Go Global |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/work-in-progress/ferns-n-petals-aims-to-go-global/36113/1 |access-date=20 July 2026 |work=Forbes India}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Gutgutia ya girma a Vidyasagar, kusa da kan iyakar [[Bengal ta Yamma|West Bengal]] da kuma abin da ake kira [[Jharkhand]] a yanzu, a cikin iyali da ke da hannu a noman furanni da sayar da su. Daga baya ya yi karatun kasuwanci a Kwalejin Ilimi ta Bhawanipur da ke [[Kolkata]] kuma ya yi aiki bayan kammala karatu a shagon furanni na kawunsa da ke titin Park.<ref name="Mint2021">{{cite news |last=Janardhan |first=Arun |date=12 February 2021 |title=The founder of Ferns N Petals likes to say it with flowers |url=https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/ideas/the-founder-of-ferns-n-petals-likes-to-say-it-with-flowers-111613062341731.html |access-date=20 July 2026 |work=Mint Lounge}}</ref> <ref name="Scroll2017">{{cite news |last=Chaudhuri |first=Zinnia Ray |date=15 September 2017 |title=Ferns N Petals: How a small South Delhi shop bloomed into Indians' chosen florist |url=https://scroll.in/magazine/848782/ferns-n-petals-how-a-small-south-delhi-shop-bloomed-into-indians-chosen-florist |access-date=20 July 2026 |work=Scroll.in}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya yi wani lokaci a [[Mumbai]] yana neman damar kasuwanci kafin ya koma [[Delhi]] a shekarar 1994. == Sana'a == === Furanni N Furanni === Gutgutia ya ce ya yi tunanin buɗe mai sayar da furanni a Delhi bayan wani shago na gida ya kawo masa furanni marasa inganci waɗanda ya yi oda. A shekarar 1994, ya buɗe shagon Ferns N Petals na farko a South Extension, New Delhi. Kimanin {{Convert|200|sqft|m2}} shagon ya fara da ma'aikata huɗu da kuma ₹2.5 lakh wanda wani abokinsa ya saka hannun jari. <ref name="Scroll2017" /> <ref name="Mint2021" /> Da farko kasuwancin ya fuskanci matsalar farashin aiki, lalacewar furanni da kuma gasa daga masu yin furanni a gefen hanya. ''Forbes India'', ''Scroll.in'' da ''Business Today'' sun ruwaito cewa ya ɗauki kimanin shekaru bakwai kafin kasuwancin dillalai ya zama mai riba. <ref name="Forbes2013" /> <ref name="BT2022" /> A shekarar 1997, kwangilar ƙawata wani aure a otal ɗin Taj Palace ta sa Gutgutia ta faɗaɗa FNP zuwa kayan ado na aure. <ref name="Forbes2013" /> <ref name="Scroll2017" /> FNP ta gabatar da yin oda ta yanar gizo a shekarar 2002 kuma ta faɗaɗa hanyar sadarwarta ta dillalai ta hanyar amfani da ikon mallakar fasaha. Zuwa shekarar 2007, ''jaridar Economic Times'' ta ruwaito cewa kamfanin yana gudanar da shaguna 54 a birane 20 na Indiya, mafi yawansu ta hanyar masu lasisi. ''Forbes India'' ta ruwaito shaguna 139 a birane 61 a shekarar 2013. <ref name="ET2007" /> Domin magance matsalolin da ake fuskanta wajen kiyaye tsarin furanni masu daidaito a fadin wata cibiya mai tasowa, Gutgutia ta dauki masu sana'ar furanni ta kuma kafa makarantar zane-zanen furanni a Delhi. <ref name="Forbes2013" /> === Chatak Chaat === A shekara ta 2006, Gutgutia ta kafa Chatak Chaat, wani jerin shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na Indiya a kan tituna. An rufe sarkar bayan kimanin shekaru uku. ''Forbes India'' ta danganta wahalhalun da take fuskanta da karancin ma'aikata masu horarwa, rashin daidaiton mizanin aiki da kuma bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin abubuwan da abokan ciniki ke so, kuma ta bayar da rahoton an kiyasta asarar dala miliyan ₹25. <ref name="Forbes2013" /> ''Jaridar Economic Times'' ta kuma ruwaito asarar kimanin ₹crore 25, yayin da ''Scroll.in'' ta ruwaito cewa kasuwancin ya fara aiki daga 2006 zuwa 2009 kuma ya rufe bayan ya kasa kiyaye daidaiton ka'idoji a duk fadin shagunansa. Bayan rufewar, Gutgutia ta sake tsara FNP zuwa sassa daban-daban na aiki wanda manyan jami'ai ke gudanarwa. <ref name="Forbes2013" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] mrbxw1ivblzab2jbx4q07r97bkwthrn 961695 961694 2026-10-02T05:51:29Z Nnamadee 31123 961695 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Vikaas Gutgutia''' ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya wanda ya kafa Ferns N Petals (FNP), wani kamfanin furanni da kyaututtuka, a New Delhi a shekarar 1994.<ref name="GuptaPandit2012">{{Cite journal |last=Gupta |first=Rakesh |last2=Pandit |first2=Ajay |date=June 2012 |title=Ferns N Petals: Transforming an Unorganized Business into an Organized One |journal=Asian Case Research Journal |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=155–181 |doi=10.1142/S0218927512500071}}</ref> Daga baya kasuwancin ya faɗaɗa zuwa ayyukan ado na aure, dillalan mallaka da kuma ayyukan kasuwanci ta intanet. <ref name="Forbes2013">{{cite news |last=Thomas |first=Prince Mathews |date=19 September 2013 |title=Ferns N Petals Aims to Go Global |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/work-in-progress/ferns-n-petals-aims-to-go-global/36113/1 |access-date=20 July 2026 |work=Forbes India}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Gutgutia ya girma a Vidyasagar, kusa da kan iyakar [[Bengal ta Yamma|West Bengal]] da kuma abin da ake kira [[Jharkhand]] a yanzu, a cikin iyali da ke da hannu a noman furanni da sayar da su. Daga baya ya yi karatun kasuwanci a Kwalejin Ilimi ta Bhawanipur da ke [[Kolkata]] kuma ya yi aiki bayan kammala karatu a shagon furanni na kawunsa da ke titin Park.<ref name="Mint2021">{{cite news |last=Janardhan |first=Arun |date=12 February 2021 |title=The founder of Ferns N Petals likes to say it with flowers |url=https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/ideas/the-founder-of-ferns-n-petals-likes-to-say-it-with-flowers-111613062341731.html |access-date=20 July 2026 |work=Mint Lounge}}</ref> <ref name="Scroll2017">{{cite news |last=Chaudhuri |first=Zinnia Ray |date=15 September 2017 |title=Ferns N Petals: How a small South Delhi shop bloomed into Indians' chosen florist |url=https://scroll.in/magazine/848782/ferns-n-petals-how-a-small-south-delhi-shop-bloomed-into-indians-chosen-florist |access-date=20 July 2026 |work=Scroll.in}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya yi wani lokaci a [[Mumbai]] yana neman damar kasuwanci kafin ya koma [[Delhi]] a shekarar 1994. == Sana'a == === Furanni N Furanni === Gutgutia ya ce ya yi tunanin buɗe mai sayar da furanni a Delhi bayan wani shago na gida ya kawo masa furanni marasa inganci waɗanda ya yi oda. A shekarar 1994, ya buɗe shagon Ferns N Petals na farko a South Extension, New Delhi. Kimanin {{Convert|200|sqft|m2}} shagon ya fara da ma'aikata huɗu da kuma ₹2.5 lakh wanda wani abokinsa ya saka hannun jari. <ref name="Scroll2017" /> <ref name="Mint2021" /> Da farko kasuwancin ya fuskanci matsalar farashin aiki, lalacewar furanni da kuma gasa daga masu yin furanni a gefen hanya. ''Forbes India'', ''Scroll.in'' da ''Business Today'' sun ruwaito cewa ya ɗauki kimanin shekaru bakwai kafin kasuwancin dillalai ya zama mai riba. <ref name="Forbes2013" /> <ref name="BT2022" /> A shekarar 1997, kwangilar ƙawata wani aure a otal ɗin Taj Palace ta sa Gutgutia ta faɗaɗa FNP zuwa kayan ado na aure. <ref name="Forbes2013" /> <ref name="Scroll2017" /> FNP ta gabatar da yin oda ta yanar gizo a shekarar 2002 kuma ta faɗaɗa hanyar sadarwarta ta dillalai ta hanyar amfani da ikon mallakar fasaha. Zuwa shekarar 2007, ''jaridar Economic Times'' ta ruwaito cewa kamfanin yana gudanar da shaguna 54 a birane 20 na Indiya, mafi yawansu ta hanyar masu lasisi. ''Forbes India'' ta ruwaito shaguna 139 a birane 61 a shekarar 2013. <ref name="ET2007" /> Domin magance matsalolin da ake fuskanta wajen kiyaye tsarin furanni masu daidaito a fadin wata cibiya mai tasowa, Gutgutia ta dauki masu sana'ar furanni ta kuma kafa makarantar zane-zanen furanni a Delhi. <ref name="Forbes2013" /> === Chatak Chaat === A shekara ta 2006, Gutgutia ta kafa Chatak Chaat, wani jerin shagunan sayar da kayan abinci na Indiya a kan tituna. An rufe sarkar bayan kimanin shekaru uku. ''Forbes India'' ta danganta wahalhalun da take fuskanta da karancin ma'aikata masu horarwa, rashin daidaiton mizanin aiki da kuma bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin abubuwan da abokan ciniki ke so, kuma ta bayar da rahoton an kiyasta asarar dala miliyan ₹25. <ref name="Forbes2013" /> ''Jaridar Economic Times'' ta kuma ruwaito asarar kimanin ₹crore 25, yayin da ''Scroll.in'' ta ruwaito cewa kasuwancin ya fara aiki daga 2006 zuwa 2009 kuma ya rufe bayan ya kasa kiyaye daidaiton ka'idoji a duk fadin shagunansa. Bayan rufewar, Gutgutia ta sake tsara FNP zuwa sassa daban-daban na aiki wanda manyan jami'ai ke gudanarwa. <ref name="Forbes2013" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] pstgbwrzai3s1olbnfsn0rnzxlccxoa 0 177831 961696 2026-10-02T05:51:44Z Nnamadee 31123 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372404607|Amit Jain]]" 961696 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amit Jain''' ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya kuma mai saka hannun jari a fannin mala'iku. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na GirnarSoft, wanda shine babban kamfanin CarDekho Group.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-06 |title=Shark Tank India: Why CarDekho's Amit Jain believes in 'pehle banda phir dhandha' - BusinessToday |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/entrepreneurship/story/shark-tank-india-why-cardekhos-amit-jain-believes-in-pehle-banda-phir-dhandha-359188-2023-01-06 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Business Today |language=en}}</ref> Ya kasance alkali kuma mai saka hannun jari a shirin gaskiya na kasuwanci na gidan talabijin na Sony Entertainment Shark Tank India a kakar wasa ta 2, 3 da 5.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borate |first=Aprajita Sharma,Neil |date=2022-12-20 |title='Founder's value system comes first; then startup's potential' |url=https://www.livemint.com/money/personal-finance/founders-value-system-comes-first-then-startup-s-potential-11671520846485.html |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Jain a [[Jaipur]], [[Rajasthan]] . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta St. Xavier, Jaipur, daga baya ya sami digirin farko a fannin Injiniyan Lantarki daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Indiya (IIT) Delhi a shekarar 1999. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-05 |title=CarDekho: From Garage Startup to Unicorn |url=https://www.businessoutreach.in/cardekho-success-story-amit-jain-tech-unicorn/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Business Outreach}}</ref> == Sana'a == === Farkon aikina === Bayan kammala karatunsa, Jain ya yi aiki a Tata Consultancy Services sannan daga baya ya koma Trilogy, wani kamfanin software da ke [[Austin|Austin, Texas]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-04 |title=Amit Jain: all you need to know about the new shark |url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/amit-jain-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-new-shark-1667565140-1 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Jagranjosh.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a Trilogy tsawon shekaru da dama a fannoni daban-daban da suka shafi haɓaka samfura da gudanar da su. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-31 |title=Net worth of Amit Jain, Cardekho co-founder & new panellist at Shark Tank India Season 2 |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/companies/net-worth-of-amit-jain-cardekho-co-founder-new-panellist-at-shark-tank-india-season-2-article-96642753 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref> === Kasuwanci === A shekara ta 2006, Amit Jain ya koma Indiya tare da ɗan'uwansa Anurag Jain ya kafa GirnarSoft, wani kamfanin samar da ayyukan IT na waje da ke Jaipur. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shark Tank India's Amit Jain: 'Lost more than Rs 1.5 crore on shares, was bankrupt. |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/trends/shark-tank-india-amit-jain-lost-more-than-rs-1-5-crore-shares-bankrupt-10089641.html#google_vignette |website=moneycontrol}}</ref> A shekarar 2008, 'yan'uwan sun ƙaddamar da CarDekho bayan sun halarci bikin baje kolin motoci a New Delhi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shah |first=Amita |date=2017-10-12 |title=Amit Jain, 40, Anurag Jain, 38, Co-Founders, Cardekho |url=https://openthemagazine.com/specials/wealth-issue-2017-comeback-kids/amit-jain-40-anurag-jain-38-co-founders-cardekho/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Open The Magazine |language=en}}</ref> An ƙirƙiri dandalin ne don taimakawa masu amfani su kwatanta motoci da kuma samun damar shiga abubuwan da ke cikin mota. <ref>{{Cite web |title='Customer-obsessed Company': Amit Jain On CarDekho's Strategic Pivots |url=https://www.bwdisrupt.com/article/customer-obsessed-company-amit-jain-on-cardekhos-strategic-pivots-545951 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=BW Disrupt |language=en}}</ref> A ƙarƙashin jagorancin Amit Jain, ƙungiyar CarDekho ta faɗaɗa zuwa kamfanoni masu alaƙa da juna, waɗanda suka haɗa da BikeDekho, CollegeDekho, InsuranceDekho, Zigwheels da rupyy, wani dandamali na ba da lamuni na dijital da ayyukan ƙasashen waje. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-26 |title='The Big Idea': Jaipur's first unicorn |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/start-ups/the-big-idea-jaipurs-first-unicorn/3857173/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref> Kamfanin ya tara kuɗaɗe da dama daga masu zuba jari kamar Peak XV Partners, Hillhouse Capital, da Ratan Tata Trust. A shekarar 2021, an ruwaito cewa CarDekho ta sami matsayin unicorn tare da kimantawar sama da dala biliyan 1. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhalla |first=Tarush |date=13 October 2021 |title=CarDekho drives into unicorn club after $250 mn fundraise {{!}} Company Business News |url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/cardekho-drives-into-unicorn-club-after-250-mn-fundraise-11634066632116.html |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref> === Talabijin === Jain ya shiga shirin talabijin na gaskiya na kasuwanci na Indiya Shark Tank India a matsayin mai zuba jari a kakar wasa ta biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-27 |title=Shark Tank India 3's Amit Jain dismisses rumours of 'beef with Aman Gupta', but doesn't include him in his list of favourite co-sharks |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/shark-tank-india-3s-amit-jain-dismisses-rumours-of-beef-with-aman-gupta-but-doesnt-include-him-in-his-list-of-favourite-co-sharks-9235451/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Ya shiga cikin kwamitin tare da Vineeta Singh, [[Anupam Mittal]], [[Peyush Bansal]], Namita Thapar, da Aman Gupta, waɗanda suka kasance cikin shirin tun lokacin kakar wasa ta farko. Jain ya bayyana a matsayin alkali a kakar wasa ta biyu da ta uku. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] npxxwjekq10gemdckwlm8jh2ogpa1h2 961697 961696 2026-10-02T05:52:28Z Nnamadee 31123 961697 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amit Jain''' ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya kuma mai saka hannun jari a fannin mala'iku. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na GirnarSoft, wanda shine babban kamfanin CarDekho Group.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-06 |title=Shark Tank India: Why CarDekho's Amit Jain believes in 'pehle banda phir dhandha' - BusinessToday |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/entrepreneurship/story/shark-tank-india-why-cardekhos-amit-jain-believes-in-pehle-banda-phir-dhandha-359188-2023-01-06 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Business Today |language=en}}</ref> Ya kasance alkali kuma mai saka hannun jari a shirin gaskiya na kasuwanci na gidan talabijin na Sony Entertainment Shark Tank India a kakar wasa ta 2, 3 da 5.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borate |first=Aprajita Sharma,Neil |date=2022-12-20 |title='Founder's value system comes first; then startup's potential' |url=https://www.livemint.com/money/personal-finance/founders-value-system-comes-first-then-startup-s-potential-11671520846485.html |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Jain a [[Jaipur]], [[Rajasthan]] . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta St. Xavier, Jaipur, daga baya ya sami digirin farko a fannin Injiniyan Lantarki daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Indiya (IIT) Delhi a shekarar 1999. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-05 |title=CarDekho: From Garage Startup to Unicorn |url=https://www.businessoutreach.in/cardekho-success-story-amit-jain-tech-unicorn/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Business Outreach}}</ref> == Sana'a == === Farkon aikina === Bayan kammala karatunsa, Jain ya yi aiki a Tata Consultancy Services sannan daga baya ya koma Trilogy, wani kamfanin software da ke [[Austin|Austin, Texas]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-04 |title=Amit Jain: all you need to know about the new shark |url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/amit-jain-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-new-shark-1667565140-1 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Jagranjosh.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a Trilogy tsawon shekaru da dama a fannoni daban-daban da suka shafi haɓaka samfura da gudanar da su.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-31 |title=Net worth of Amit Jain, Cardekho co-founder & new panellist at Shark Tank India Season 2 |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/companies/net-worth-of-amit-jain-cardekho-co-founder-new-panellist-at-shark-tank-india-season-2-article-96642753 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref> === Kasuwanci === A shekara ta 2006, Amit Jain ya koma Indiya tare da ɗan'uwansa Anurag Jain ya kafa GirnarSoft, wani kamfanin samar da ayyukan IT na waje da ke Jaipur.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shark Tank India's Amit Jain: 'Lost more than Rs 1.5 crore on shares, was bankrupt. |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/trends/shark-tank-india-amit-jain-lost-more-than-rs-1-5-crore-shares-bankrupt-10089641.html#google_vignette |website=moneycontrol}}</ref> A shekarar 2008, 'yan'uwan sun ƙaddamar da CarDekho bayan sun halarci bikin baje kolin motoci a New Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shah |first=Amita |date=2017-10-12 |title=Amit Jain, 40, Anurag Jain, 38, Co-Founders, Cardekho |url=https://openthemagazine.com/specials/wealth-issue-2017-comeback-kids/amit-jain-40-anurag-jain-38-co-founders-cardekho/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Open The Magazine |language=en}}</ref> An ƙirƙiri dandalin ne don taimakawa masu amfani su kwatanta motoci da kuma samun damar shiga abubuwan da ke cikin mota.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Customer-obsessed Company': Amit Jain On CarDekho's Strategic Pivots |url=https://www.bwdisrupt.com/article/customer-obsessed-company-amit-jain-on-cardekhos-strategic-pivots-545951 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=BW Disrupt |language=en}}</ref> A ƙarƙashin jagorancin Amit Jain, ƙungiyar CarDekho ta faɗaɗa zuwa kamfanoni masu alaƙa da juna, waɗanda suka haɗa da BikeDekho, CollegeDekho, InsuranceDekho, Zigwheels da rupyy, wani dandamali na ba da lamuni na dijital da ayyukan ƙasashen waje.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-26 |title='The Big Idea': Jaipur's first unicorn |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/start-ups/the-big-idea-jaipurs-first-unicorn/3857173/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref> Kamfanin ya tara kuɗaɗe da dama daga masu zuba jari kamar Peak XV Partners, Hillhouse Capital, da Ratan Tata Trust. A shekarar 2021, an ruwaito cewa CarDekho ta sami matsayin unicorn tare da kimantawar sama da dala biliyan 1.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhalla |first=Tarush |date=13 October 2021 |title=CarDekho drives into unicorn club after $250 mn fundraise {{!}} Company Business News |url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/cardekho-drives-into-unicorn-club-after-250-mn-fundraise-11634066632116.html |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref> === Talabijin === Jain ya shiga shirin talabijin na gaskiya na kasuwanci na Indiya Shark Tank India a matsayin mai zuba jari a kakar wasa ta biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-27 |title=Shark Tank India 3's Amit Jain dismisses rumours of 'beef with Aman Gupta', but doesn't include him in his list of favourite co-sharks |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/shark-tank-india-3s-amit-jain-dismisses-rumours-of-beef-with-aman-gupta-but-doesnt-include-him-in-his-list-of-favourite-co-sharks-9235451/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Ya shiga cikin kwamitin tare da Vineeta Singh, [[Anupam Mittal]], [[Peyush Bansal]], Namita Thapar, da Aman Gupta, waɗanda suka kasance cikin shirin tun lokacin kakar wasa ta farko. Jain ya bayyana a matsayin alkali a kakar wasa ta biyu da ta uku. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 0fdgl2gme0vbmmcul9zshxq6fm7gl5d 961698 961697 2026-10-02T05:52:55Z Nnamadee 31123 961698 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Amit Jain''' ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan ƙasar Indiya kuma mai saka hannun jari a fannin mala'iku. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na GirnarSoft, wanda shine babban kamfanin CarDekho Group.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-06 |title=Shark Tank India: Why CarDekho's Amit Jain believes in 'pehle banda phir dhandha' - BusinessToday |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/entrepreneurship/story/shark-tank-india-why-cardekhos-amit-jain-believes-in-pehle-banda-phir-dhandha-359188-2023-01-06 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Business Today |language=en}}</ref> Ya kasance alkali kuma mai saka hannun jari a shirin gaskiya na kasuwanci na gidan talabijin na Sony Entertainment Shark Tank India a kakar wasa ta 2, 3 da 5.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borate |first=Aprajita Sharma,Neil |date=2022-12-20 |title='Founder's value system comes first; then startup's potential' |url=https://www.livemint.com/money/personal-finance/founders-value-system-comes-first-then-startup-s-potential-11671520846485.html |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Jain a [[Jaipur]], [[Rajasthan]] . Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta St. Xavier, Jaipur, daga baya ya sami digirin farko a fannin Injiniyan Lantarki daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Indiya (IIT) Delhi a shekarar 1999. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-05 |title=CarDekho: From Garage Startup to Unicorn |url=https://www.businessoutreach.in/cardekho-success-story-amit-jain-tech-unicorn/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Business Outreach}}</ref> == Sana'a == === Farkon aikina === Bayan kammala karatunsa, Jain ya yi aiki a Tata Consultancy Services sannan daga baya ya koma Trilogy, wani kamfanin software da ke [[Austin|Austin, Texas]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-04 |title=Amit Jain: all you need to know about the new shark |url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/amit-jain-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-new-shark-1667565140-1 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Jagranjosh.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a Trilogy tsawon shekaru da dama a fannoni daban-daban da suka shafi haɓaka samfura da gudanar da su.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-31 |title=Net worth of Amit Jain, Cardekho co-founder & new panellist at Shark Tank India Season 2 |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/companies/net-worth-of-amit-jain-cardekho-co-founder-new-panellist-at-shark-tank-india-season-2-article-96642753 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref> === Kasuwanci === A shekara ta 2006, Amit Jain ya koma Indiya tare da ɗan'uwansa Anurag Jain ya kafa GirnarSoft, wani kamfanin samar da ayyukan IT na waje da ke Jaipur.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shark Tank India's Amit Jain: 'Lost more than Rs 1.5 crore on shares, was bankrupt. |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/trends/shark-tank-india-amit-jain-lost-more-than-rs-1-5-crore-shares-bankrupt-10089641.html#google_vignette |website=moneycontrol}}</ref> A shekarar 2008, 'yan'uwan sun ƙaddamar da CarDekho bayan sun halarci bikin baje kolin motoci a New Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shah |first=Amita |date=2017-10-12 |title=Amit Jain, 40, Anurag Jain, 38, Co-Founders, Cardekho |url=https://openthemagazine.com/specials/wealth-issue-2017-comeback-kids/amit-jain-40-anurag-jain-38-co-founders-cardekho/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Open The Magazine |language=en}}</ref> An ƙirƙiri dandalin ne don taimakawa masu amfani su kwatanta motoci da kuma samun damar shiga abubuwan da ke cikin mota.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Customer-obsessed Company': Amit Jain On CarDekho's Strategic Pivots |url=https://www.bwdisrupt.com/article/customer-obsessed-company-amit-jain-on-cardekhos-strategic-pivots-545951 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=BW Disrupt |language=en}}</ref> A ƙarƙashin jagorancin Amit Jain, ƙungiyar CarDekho ta faɗaɗa zuwa kamfanoni masu alaƙa da juna, waɗanda suka haɗa da BikeDekho, CollegeDekho, InsuranceDekho, Zigwheels da rupyy, wani dandamali na ba da lamuni na dijital da ayyukan ƙasashen waje.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-26 |title='The Big Idea': Jaipur's first unicorn |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/start-ups/the-big-idea-jaipurs-first-unicorn/3857173/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref> Kamfanin ya tara kuɗaɗe da dama daga masu zuba jari kamar Peak XV Partners, Hillhouse Capital, da Ratan Tata Trust. A shekarar 2021, an ruwaito cewa CarDekho ta sami matsayin unicorn tare da kimantawar sama da dala biliyan 1.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhalla |first=Tarush |date=13 October 2021 |title=CarDekho drives into unicorn club after $250 mn fundraise {{!}} Company Business News |url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/cardekho-drives-into-unicorn-club-after-250-mn-fundraise-11634066632116.html |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref> === Talabijin === Jain ya shiga shirin talabijin na gaskiya na kasuwanci na Indiya Shark Tank India a matsayin mai zuba jari a kakar wasa ta biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-27 |title=Shark Tank India 3's Amit Jain dismisses rumours of 'beef with Aman Gupta', but doesn't include him in his list of favourite co-sharks |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/shark-tank-india-3s-amit-jain-dismisses-rumours-of-beef-with-aman-gupta-but-doesnt-include-him-in-his-list-of-favourite-co-sharks-9235451/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Ya shiga cikin kwamitin tare da Vineeta Singh, [[Anupam Mittal]], [[Peyush Bansal]], Namita Thapar, da Aman Gupta, waɗanda suka kasance cikin shirin tun lokacin kakar wasa ta farko. Jain ya bayyana a matsayin alkali a kakar wasa ta biyu da ta uku. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ibhzyrzdnetrsd18amkkohch4nilh4i 0 177832 961699 2026-10-02T05:53:08Z Nnamadee 31123 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355119138|Nirmal Jain]]" 961699 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nirmal Jain''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1967) ɗan kasuwa ne mai kuɗi a Indiya. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kamfanin hada-hadar kuɗi na India Infoline (IIFL), wanda ke da alaƙa da harkokin kuɗi. Kamfanin IIFL da kamfanoninsa na rukuni suna samun goyon bayan mai zuba jari na Kanada Prem Watsa, kamfanin hannun jari mai zaman kansa na General Atlantic da CDC Group, sashin hannun jari mai zaman kansa na gwamnatin Burtaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IIFL Annual Report 2016 |url=http://content.indiainfoline.com/admin/PDF/Twenty_First_AR_IIFL_20160704.pdf |access-date=20 March 2017 |publisher=indiainfoline.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nirmal Jain Profile |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/topic/Nirmal-Jain |access-date=7 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nirmal Jain Chairman/Founder IIFL Profile |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profiles/people/1902876-nirmal-jain |access-date=20 March 2017 |publisher=www.bloomberg.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == Nirmal Jain ya sami digirin farko a fannin kasuwanci (B.Com) daga Kwalejin Kasuwanci da Tattalin Arziki ta Narsee Monjee, wata kwaleji mai zaman kanta a Jami'ar Mumbai, sai kuma digirin MBA daga Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Indiya Ahmedabad.<ref name="bloomberg.com">{{Cite web |title=Nirmal Jain, IIFL Holdings Ltd: Profile & Biography |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profiles/people/1902876-nirmal-jain |access-date=13 April 2018 |website=Bloomberg}}</ref> Shi kuma akawu ne mai takardar shedar aiki daga ICAI.<ref name="bloomberg.com" /> == Sana'a == A shekarar 1989, Jain ya fara aikinsa da Hindustan Unilever, a matsayin mai siyar da kayayyaki. A shekarar 1995, Jain ya kafa kamfanin bincike kan hannun jari wanda daga baya ya zama India Infoline (ko IIFL Group). A shekarar 2000, ya fara ɗaya daga cikin shafukan yanar gizo na farko na ciniki a Indiya. Daga baya kasuwancin ya bazu zuwa inshorar rai, asusun haɗin gwiwa, hannun jari da sauran ayyukan kuɗi.<ref name="bloomberg.com1" /> A watan Maris na 2018, Bloomberg LP ta ruwaito cewa darajar IIFL ta ninka sau biyu a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata kuma Jain yanzu ya zama biloniya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schmidt |first=Blake |date=16 March 2018 |title=IIFL's Nirmal Jain is India's latest billionaire |url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/squpI4o12D0pQXpXc47rMK/Managing-fortunes-of-the-rich-makes-IIFLs-Nirmal-Jain-India.html |access-date=13 April 2018 |website=livemint.com}}</ref> Jain yana da kashi 23% na IIFL, kai tsaye ko a kaikaice. <ref name="bloomberg.com1" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jain yana zaune a Mumbai tare da matarsa da 'ya'yansa uku. Yana da wani fili a Amby Valley wanda "ba ya taɓa ziyarta". A shekarar 2016, babbar 'yarsa, Harshita, tana karatun zama akawu mai hayar kuɗi. Ya zuwa shekarar 2018, Harshita ta kammala karatun digiri na CA kuma tana neman digiri na MBA a Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Stanford, California. Jain ya kafa gidauniyar IIFL.<ref>{{Cite web |last=SINGHAL |first=ANUJ |date=24 May 2016 |title=Serious inclination towards CSR |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihIYAOs95Zo |access-date=27 April 2018 |via=CNBC TV18}}</ref> Yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Jami'ar Ashoka mai ra'ayin sassaucin ra'ayi tare da Dilip Sanghvi, Deep Kalra, da Jerry Rao. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1967]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1t3jm1wuhq8uo7c0ymzvtvw8j197x4c 961700 961699 2026-10-02T05:53:39Z Nnamadee 31123 961700 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nirmal Jain''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1967) ɗan kasuwa ne mai kuɗi a Indiya. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kamfanin hada-hadar kuɗi na India Infoline (IIFL), wanda ke da alaƙa da harkokin kuɗi. Kamfanin IIFL da kamfanoninsa na rukuni suna samun goyon bayan mai zuba jari na Kanada Prem Watsa, kamfanin hannun jari mai zaman kansa na General Atlantic da CDC Group, sashin hannun jari mai zaman kansa na gwamnatin Burtaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IIFL Annual Report 2016 |url=http://content.indiainfoline.com/admin/PDF/Twenty_First_AR_IIFL_20160704.pdf |access-date=20 March 2017 |publisher=indiainfoline.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nirmal Jain Profile |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/topic/Nirmal-Jain |access-date=7 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nirmal Jain Chairman/Founder IIFL Profile |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profiles/people/1902876-nirmal-jain |access-date=20 March 2017 |publisher=www.bloomberg.com}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == Nirmal Jain ya sami digirin farko a fannin kasuwanci (B.Com) daga Kwalejin Kasuwanci da Tattalin Arziki ta Narsee Monjee, wata kwaleji mai zaman kanta a Jami'ar Mumbai, sai kuma digirin MBA daga Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Indiya Ahmedabad.<ref name="bloomberg.com">{{Cite web |title=Nirmal Jain, IIFL Holdings Ltd: Profile & Biography |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profiles/people/1902876-nirmal-jain |access-date=13 April 2018 |website=Bloomberg}}</ref> Shi kuma akawu ne mai takardar shedar aiki daga ICAI.<ref name="bloomberg.com" /> == Sana'a == A shekarar 1989, Jain ya fara aikinsa da Hindustan Unilever, a matsayin mai siyar da kayayyaki. A shekarar 1995, Jain ya kafa kamfanin bincike kan hannun jari wanda daga baya ya zama India Infoline (ko IIFL Group). A shekarar 2000, ya fara ɗaya daga cikin shafukan yanar gizo na farko na ciniki a Indiya. Daga baya kasuwancin ya bazu zuwa inshorar rai, asusun haɗin gwiwa, hannun jari da sauran ayyukan kuɗi.<ref name="bloomberg.com1" /> A watan Maris na 2018, Bloomberg LP ta ruwaito cewa darajar IIFL ta ninka sau biyu a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata kuma Jain yanzu ya zama biloniya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schmidt |first=Blake |date=16 March 2018 |title=IIFL's Nirmal Jain is India's latest billionaire |url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/squpI4o12D0pQXpXc47rMK/Managing-fortunes-of-the-rich-makes-IIFLs-Nirmal-Jain-India.html |access-date=13 April 2018 |website=livemint.com}}</ref> Jain yana da kashi 23% na IIFL, kai tsaye ko a kaikaice. <ref name="bloomberg.com1" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jain yana zaune a Mumbai tare da matarsa da 'ya'yansa uku. Yana da wani fili a Amby Valley wanda "ba ya taɓa ziyarta". A shekarar 2016, babbar 'yarsa, Harshita, tana karatun zama akawu mai hayar kuɗi. Ya zuwa shekarar 2018, Harshita ta kammala karatun digiri na CA kuma tana neman digiri na MBA a Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Stanford, California. Jain ya kafa gidauniyar IIFL.<ref>{{Cite web |last=SINGHAL |first=ANUJ |date=24 May 2016 |title=Serious inclination towards CSR |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihIYAOs95Zo |access-date=27 April 2018 |via=CNBC TV18}}</ref> Yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Jami'ar Ashoka mai ra'ayin sassaucin ra'ayi tare da Dilip Sanghvi, Deep Kalra, da Jerry Rao. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1967]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 4slol9w8du8kvih0xgk1uvvlzzs8kb8 0 177833 961701 2026-10-02T05:56:01Z Nnamadee 31123 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376147049|Naveen Jain]]" 961701 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Naveen''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Satumba, 1959) ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan asalin ƙasar Indiya, ɗan kasuwa, kuma wanda ya kafa kuma tsohon Shugaba na InfoSpace . Kamfanin InfoSpace ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin intanet a yankin Arewa maso Yammacin Amurka na ɗan lokaci, kafin faduwar kumfa mai ɗauke da bayanai game da dot-com da kuma jerin ƙarar da ta shafi Jain. A shekarar 2010, Jain ya kafa kamfanin Moon Express tare, inda shi ne shugaban zartarwa, sannan a shekarar 2016 ya kafa kamfanin Viome, inda shi ne babban jami'in gudanarwa. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Naveen Jain a shekarar 1959 a cikin dangin [[Jainanci|Jain]].<ref name="SeattleTimes1" /><ref name="IndiaWest">{{Cite web |last=Springer |first=Richard. |date=9 May 2011 |title=Intelius' Naveen Jain Turns to Moon Mining, Philanthropy |url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/60949660/intelius-naveen-jain-turns-moon-mining-philanthropy |publisher=IndiaWest.com}}{{Dead link|date=November 2020}}</ref> Ya girma a [[New Delhi]] da kuma ƙauyuka a [[Uttar Pradesh]], Indiya. Jain ya koma Roorkee, inda a shekarar 1979 ya sami digirin injiniya daga [[IIT Roorkee]] <ref name="IndiaWest" /> Ya ƙaura zuwa Amurka a wannan shekarar. Ya yi la'akari da 'yan kasuwa waɗanda suka tara dukiyarsu, musamman [[Bill Gates]] . <ref name="SeattleTimes1" /> Aikin farko da Jain ya fara yi bayan kammala jami'a a shekarar 1983 shine a Burroughs (wanda yanzu ake kira Unisys ) da ke New Jersey a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin musayar kasuwanci. Ya koma Silicon Valley saboda yanayin zafi kuma ya yi aiki a "gungun kamfanoni masu tasowa"<ref name="redherring">{{Cite web |date=30 June 1997 |title=Smarter than Bill |url=http://www.redherring.com/mag/issue44/jain.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020219205103/http://www.redherring.com/mag/issue44/jain.html |archive-date=2002-02-19 |access-date=7 June 2011 |publisher=[[Red Herring (magazine)|Red Herring]]}}</ref> kafin ya shiga Microsoft a shekarar 1989. Jain ya yi aiki a kan OS/2, sannan ya yi aiki a kan MS-DOS, Windows NT, da Windows 95. An ba shi lasisi uku da suka shafi Windows 95 kuma ya shahara sosai saboda aikinsa na manajan shirye-shirye.<ref name="redherring" /> Jain ya shiga ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Microsoft Network, kafin ƙaddamar da shi.<ref name="IndiaWest" /> A cewar ''Red Herring'', ya fara rashin natsuwa bayan shekaru takwas a kamfanin kuma ya ce bai ji cewa mutum ɗaya zai iya kawo canji a babban kamfani kamar Microsoft ba.<ref name="redherring" /> Naveen Jain yana aiki kan ƙaddamar da Microsoft Networks ( MSN ), lokacin da Netscape Communications ta tara dala biliyan 2.2 a cikin tayin farko na jama'a a 1995. An yi la'akari da IPO na NetScape a matsayin farkon kumfa mai suna dot-com, domin ya nuna cewa kamfanonin Intanet za su iya samun manyan IPO ba tare da samun riba ba tukuna. Naveen ya bar Microsoft don fara InfoSpace a wannan shekarar, da nufin samun nasa tayin farko na jama'a da wuri-wuri. <ref name="SeattleTimes1" /> == InfoSpace == === Girma === Jain ya kafa InfoSpace a watan Maris na shekarar 1996 tare da ma'aikata shida, galibi daga Microsoft, kuma ya fara ƙirƙirar kundin adireshi na imel da waya. InfoSpace ta samar da abubuwan ciki da ayyuka, kamar kundin adireshi na waya, taswira, wasanni da bayanai kan kasuwar hannun jari, ga gidajen yanar gizo da masana'antun na'urorin hannu. Kamfanin ya bunƙasa da ƙarancin kuɗi ba tare da samun tallafi ba ta amfani da dabarun haɗin gwiwa na talla.<ref name="redherring" /> An fara amfani da shi a bainar jama'a a ranar 15 ga Disamba, 1998. Kamfanin ya tara dala miliyan 75 a cikin tayin. Darajar Jain ta karu zuwa dala biliyan 8. Ya fara siyan gidaje masu tsada da jiragen ruwa. Jain ya mallaki kashi 47 cikin 100 na hannun jarin InfoSpace. Shari'o'i da dama daga abokan hulɗa da ma'aikata sun yi zargin cewa ya yi amfani da alkawuran zaɓin hannun jari don jawo hankalin hazikai da abokan hulɗa na kasuwanci, amma sai ya kori ma'aikata ko ya yanke alaƙa ba tare da bayar da hannun jarin da aka yi alkawari ba. Wani bincike da hukumar ta gudanar ya gano cewa Jain ya kasa cika alkawuran kwangilarsa na zaɓin hannun jari ga tsoffin ma'aikata bakwai da abokan hulɗar kasuwanci takwas. <ref name="SeattleTimes1" /> Yawancin waɗannan shari'o'in sun shafi ma'aikata ko masu ba da shawara waɗanda suka ce an ba su yarjejeniyoyi inda za su iya siyan hannun jari akan senti 1 zuwa 10 kowannensu, amma jim kaɗan bayan haka Jain ya yi ƙoƙarin canza yarjejeniyar ko kuma ya kore su saboda takaddama ba tare da alƙawarin diyya bisa ga hannun jari ba. <ref name="inc" /> Jain ya yi zargin cewa an kafa yarjejeniyar ne ta yadda hannun jarinsu ba za su yi sakaci ba har sai sun yi aiki na tsawon shekara guda. <ref name="inc" /> === Hatsari da kuma rashin nasara === Yayin da kumfa mai alamar dot-com ya ƙare a watan Maris na 2000, hannun jarin InfoSpace ya faɗi daga $138 zuwa $1.56 kafin Yulin 2001. A watan Maris na shekarar 2000, duk da cewa farashin hannun jari ya ragu, Jain ya ce InfoSpace wata rana za ta sami kaso mafi girma a kasuwa fiye da duka [[Microsoft]], Intel da Cisco . A farkon shekarar da ta biyo baya ya sayar da hannun jarinsa na dala miliyan 80 a farashi mai rahusa. <ref name="inc" /> Jain ya jagoranci haɗin gwiwa da Go2Net wanda aka saya tare da hannun jari. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka wanda ya kafa Go2Net ya yi murabus kuma aka rage girman kamfanin. <ref name="inc" /> Bayan haɗewar, Shugaban Go2Net Russell Horowitz ya zama shugaban Infospace. Haka kuma, a shekarar 2000, InfoSpace ta yi amfani da wata hanyar lissafin kuɗi mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce don bayar da rahoton ribar dala miliyan 46 yayin da a zahiri ta yi asarar dala miliyan 282. Shugabannin kamfanoni sun kauce wa ƙa'idojin ciniki na SEC don sayar da manyan sassan hannun jarinsu. Jain ya sake komawa matsayin Shugaba a shekarar 2001.<ref name="INFOSPACE-INC-Jan-2001-8-K">{{Cite web |title=INFOSPACE INC, Form 8-K, Current Report, Filing Date Jan 23, 2001 |url=http://pdf.secdatabase.com/2235/0001032210-01-000078.pdf |access-date=15 May 2018 |publisher=secdatabase.com}}</ref> Yayin da kudaden shiga ke raguwa, Jain ya nuna wa masu sharhi kan harkokin zuba jari cewa ana sa ran kudaden shiga za su karu, duk da cewa dukkan alamu sun nuna raguwar da ake samu. A shekara ta 2001, InfoSpace ta ce kudaden shigarta za su kai dala miliyan 360, sannan ta sallami ma'aikata 250 jim kaɗan bayan haka. Jain da sauran manyan jami'ai da dama sun sayar da hannun jarinsu a kamfanin, yayin da hannun jarin ya karu sakamakon yadda masu sharhi kan harkokin zuba jari ke maimaita kyakkyawan hangen nesa na Jain game da kudaden shiga.<ref name="SeattleTimes1" /> Daga nan kamfanin ya yi amfani da hanyoyin lissafin kuɗi masu ɓatarwa don ya nuna kamar har yanzu yana ci gaba da bunƙasa. Misali, ta zuba jari a wani kamfani da ɗan'uwan Jain ke gudanarwa, tare da yarjejeniyar cewa ɗan'uwansa zai kashe kuɗi a kan InfoSpace, wani aiki da aka kira "sayen kuɗi".<ref name="SeattleTimes1" /> Wani mai hannun jari ya shigar da ƙara a kan InfoSpace da kuma manyan jami'anta da yawa, ciki har da Jain, a shekara ta 2001. Mai hannun jarin ya yi zargin cewa Jain ya yaudari masu hannun jarin game da harkokin kuɗin kamfanin, sannan ya sami riba ta hanyar sayar da hannun jarinsa a lokacin da suka kai kololuwar darajarsa. Wannan ya haifar da ƙarin ƙara <ref name="newsource" /> kuma hukumar ta kori Jain daga matsayinsa na Shugaba a shekarar 2002 a matsayin martani. Hukumar InfoSpace ta tilasta wa Jain barin aiki a matsayin shugaba kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa a watan Disamba na 2002. <ref name="PSBJ Ties">{{Cite web |date=28 April 2003 |title=InfoSpace severs final ties with founder Jain |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/stories/2003/04/28/daily5.html |access-date=7 June 2011 |publisher=[[Puget Sound Business Journal]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2003 an umurci Jain da ya biya dala miliyan 247 saboda keta dokokin ciniki na ɗan gajeren lokaci, inda ya sayi kuma ya sayar da hannun jari cikin watanni shida a matsayin ma'aikaci mai ilimin sirri. A kotun ɗaukaka ƙara, Hukumar Tsaro da Musayar Kuɗi ta gabatar da wani ɗan gajeren bayani a gefen Jain, wanda ya kai ga cimma yarjejeniyar dala miliyan 105. Jain ya ce sayen hannayen jarinsa kuskure ne saboda mummunan shawara daga masu ba shi shawara kan harkokin shari'a da harkokin kuɗi. Bayan sulhun, Jain ya kai ƙarar kamfanin kula da hannun jarinsa da lauyoyinsa saboda zargin sakaci a yadda suke tafiyar da shari'ar, amma ƙananan kotuna da [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun Koli]] sun yi watsi da shari'arsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2009 |title=Supreme Court Refuses To Hear InfoSpace Founder's Insider-Trading Appeal |url=http://moconews.net/article/419-supreme-court-refuses-to-hear-infospace-founder-naveen-jains-appeal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008102633/http://moconews.net/article/419-supreme-court-refuses-to-hear-infospace-founder-naveen-jains-appeal/ |archive-date=8 October 2011 |access-date=17 June 2011 |website=mocoNews |publisher=mocoNews.net.}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2003, InfoSpace ta kai ƙarar Jain da wasu saboda zargin karkatar da sirrin ciniki daga InfoSpace don fara Intelius da kuma karya yarjejeniyar da ba ta gasa ba. Kotu ba ta sami wata shaida da ke nuna cewa Intelius da Infospace sun yi gogayya da juna ba, kuma aka yi watsi da shari'ar. A watan Disamba na 2004, an cimma yarjejeniyar dala miliyan 83 tsakanin InfoSpace da Jain, wanda zai haifar da soke dukkan shari'o'in, ciki har da wanda aka samu daga hannun mai hannun jari, tare da nuna wariya. == Bayan Bayanan == === Intellius === A shekara ta 2003, Jain ya kafa Intelius tare. Kamfanin ya tattara kuma ya sayar da bayanan asali game da mutane. Ya karu zuwa dala miliyan 18.1 a cikin kudaden shiga a shekarar 2004 da kuma dala miliyan 88.5 a shekarar 2007 da ribar dala miliyan 22.5. Ta gabatar da tayin farko na jama'a a shekarar 2008. Shafin ya kasance batun korafe-korafe da dama game da hanyoyin tallata kaya bayan ciniki, inda aka sa masu amfani suka yi imanin cewa suna amsa wani ɗan gajeren bincike na dala $10, amma a zahiri an yi musu rajista don biyan kuɗi na dala $20 a kowane wata. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shapiro |first=Nina |date=17 March 2009 |title=Intelius and the Dubious Art of Post-Transaction Marketing |url=http://archive.seattleweekly.com/2009-03-18/news/intelius-and-the-dubious-art-of-post-transaction-marketing/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127143307/http://archive.seattleweekly.com/2009-03-18/news/intelius-and-the-dubious-art-of-post-transaction-marketing/ |archive-date=27 January 2018 |access-date=26 January 2018 |publisher=Seattle Weekly}}</ref> Ya sake kafa kamfanin da sunan Inome a shekarar 2012. A shekarar 2015 aka sayar da kamfanin, inda Jain ya riƙe kashi 25 cikin ɗari na ribar, sannan aka naɗa sabon shugaban kamfanin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2015 |title=Exclusive: Intelius sold to private equity firm, Naveen Jain leaving to launch health tech startup |url=https://www.geekwire.com/2015/exclusive-intelius-sold-to-private-equity-firm-naveen-jain-leaving-to-pursue-new-health-tech-startup/ |access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref> === TalentWise === Jain ya kafa Talentwise, wani kamfani da Intelius ya kafa, wanda aka sayar a shekarar 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2016 |title=Background check powerhouse Talentwise sells to SterlingBackcheck in 'significant' exit |url=https://www.geekwire.com/2016/221081/ |access-date=23 December 2017}}</ref> === Watan Express === Jain ya kafa kamfanin Moon Express tare a watan Agusta na 2010 kuma shine shugaban kamfanin. Kamfanin yana gina jiragen sama masu amfani da injina don haƙo kayayyaki kamar zinariya, cobalt, platinum, da Helium-3 (mai amfani da makamashin nukiliya) daga duniyar wata. Haka kuma za ta yi haƙa ramin ruwa a kudancin Wata, wanda za a iya amfani da shi wajen samar da mai ga roka don ayyukan da za a yi a duniyar Mars da kuma bayanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 August 2016 |title=Five Things Moon Express Wants to Mine On the Moon |url=https://www.inverse.com/article/19175-five-minerals-moon-express-mission |access-date=8 February 2018 |website=Inverse |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ioannou |first=Lori |date=31 January 2017 |title=Billionaire closer to mining the moon for trillions of dollars in riches |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2017/01/31/billionaire-closer-to-mining-moon-for-trillions-of-dollars-in-riches.html |access-date=8 February 2018 |website=CNBC}}</ref> Jain ya yi ikirarin cewa burinsa na kafa Moon Express shine ya kafa wuraren zama na mutane a duniyar wata nan da shekarar 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kharpal |first=Arjun |date=30 November 2017 |title=Human colonies will be on the moon within 5 years, space entrepreneur says |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/30/moon-express-says-first-launch-happening-in-2018.html |access-date=8 February 2018 |website=CNBC}}</ref> === Bluedot === Jain shine wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Bluedot. An fara aiki a shekarar 2015, Bluedot ta ba da lasisin bincike daga dakunan gwaje-gwaje na ƙasa na Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka don kasuwanci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2016 |title=Naveen Jain raises $6.7 million for new company BlueDot |url=https://www.seattletimes.com/business/technology/naveen-jain-raises-76-million-for-new-company-bluedot/ |access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref> Jain shine wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kamfanin Bluedot Viome (wanda aka kafa a 2016). Viome tana ba da ayyukan gwaji da nazarin [[Genomics na abinci mai gina jiki|kwayoyin halitta masu gina jiki]], musamman na ƙwayoyin hanji, kuma tana ba da shawarwari kan abinci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Companies are trying to use your DNA and bacteria to give you personalized diet advice — here's what the science says |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/personalized-nutrition-dietary-advice-dna-test-microbiome-2017-6 |access-date=10 November 2017 |website=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> === Sauran ayyuka === Jain memba ne na hukumar gudanarwa ta Kairos Society, wata cibiyar kasuwanci mai zaman kanta ta masu digiri na farko, wacce ɗansa ya kafa. Yana kuma cikin kwamitin gudanarwa na gidauniyar Xprize da kuma Jami'ar Singularity . Tare da haɗin gwiwar matarsa, an ƙaddamar da kyautar Anu da Naveen Jain Women's Safety Xprize a watan Oktoba na 2016 kuma an yi niyyar ci gaba da aiki har zuwa watan Yuni na 2018, da nufin bayar da dala miliyan 1 ga ƙungiyar da ke ƙirƙirar na'ura mai araha wadda za ta iya aika saƙon gaggawa cikin sauri, ta atomatik, da kuma a hankali ga masu amsawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2016 |title=With Two New Competitions, XPRIZE Tackles Water Scarcity and Women's Safety |url=https://safety.xprize.org/press-release/two-new-competitions-xprize-tackles-water-scarcity-and-womens-safety |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118181027/https://safety.xprize.org/press-release/two-new-competitions-xprize-tackles-water-scarcity-and-womens-safety |archive-date=18 January 2018 |access-date=2 March 2018 |website=Anu & Naveen Jain Women's Safety XPRIZE |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Biotech startup working to help women stay safe |url=https://www.post-gazette.com/business/healthcare-business/2018/02/02/Biotech-startup-works-to-address-women-s-safety/stories/201801300003 |access-date=2 March 2018 |website=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |language=en}}</ref> Jain yana tattara taurari masu taurari . Tarin abubuwan da ya tara, wanda a shekarar 2012 ya kashe masa dala miliyan 5, ya ƙunshi 'faɗuwar da aka gani'; taurarin meteorites waɗanda masu lura suka gani suna tafiya ta cikin sararin samaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lipton |first=Josh |date=3 January 2017 |title=These guys hunt for space rocks, and sell them for enormous profit to collectors |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2017/01/03/these-guys-hunt-for-space-rocks-and-sell-them-for-enormous-profit-to-collectors.html |access-date=2 March 2018 |website=CNBC}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jain ya yi aure a shekara ta 1988 kuma ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa [[Seattle]]. Yana da 'ya'ya uku ciki har da Ankur Jain . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8au58itecssge8lkms7c2ubkntpo351 961702 961701 2026-10-02T05:56:35Z Nnamadee 31123 961702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Naveen''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Satumba, 1959) ɗan kasuwa ne ɗan asalin ƙasar Indiya, ɗan kasuwa, kuma wanda ya kafa kuma tsohon Shugaba na InfoSpace. Kamfanin InfoSpace ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin intanet a yankin Arewa maso Yammacin Amurka na ɗan lokaci, kafin faduwar kumfa mai ɗauke da bayanai game da dot-com da kuma jerin ƙarar da ta shafi Jain. A shekarar 2010, Jain ya kafa kamfanin Moon Express tare, inda shi ne shugaban zartarwa, sannan a shekarar 2016 ya kafa kamfanin Viome, inda shi ne babban jami'in gudanarwa. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Naveen Jain a shekarar 1959 a cikin dangin [[Jainanci|Jain]].<ref name="SeattleTimes1" /><ref name="IndiaWest">{{Cite web |last=Springer |first=Richard. |date=9 May 2011 |title=Intelius' Naveen Jain Turns to Moon Mining, Philanthropy |url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/60949660/intelius-naveen-jain-turns-moon-mining-philanthropy |publisher=IndiaWest.com}}{{Dead link|date=November 2020}}</ref> Ya girma a [[New Delhi]] da kuma ƙauyuka a [[Uttar Pradesh]], Indiya. Jain ya koma Roorkee, inda a shekarar 1979 ya sami digirin injiniya daga [[IIT Roorkee]] <ref name="IndiaWest" /> Ya ƙaura zuwa Amurka a wannan shekarar. Ya yi la'akari da 'yan kasuwa waɗanda suka tara dukiyarsu, musamman [[Bill Gates]] . <ref name="SeattleTimes1" /> Aikin farko da Jain ya fara yi bayan kammala jami'a a shekarar 1983 shine a Burroughs (wanda yanzu ake kira Unisys ) da ke New Jersey a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin musayar kasuwanci. Ya koma Silicon Valley saboda yanayin zafi kuma ya yi aiki a "gungun kamfanoni masu tasowa"<ref name="redherring">{{Cite web |date=30 June 1997 |title=Smarter than Bill |url=http://www.redherring.com/mag/issue44/jain.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020219205103/http://www.redherring.com/mag/issue44/jain.html |archive-date=2002-02-19 |access-date=7 June 2011 |publisher=[[Red Herring (magazine)|Red Herring]]}}</ref> kafin ya shiga Microsoft a shekarar 1989. Jain ya yi aiki a kan OS/2, sannan ya yi aiki a kan MS-DOS, Windows NT, da Windows 95. An ba shi lasisi uku da suka shafi Windows 95 kuma ya shahara sosai saboda aikinsa na manajan shirye-shirye.<ref name="redherring" /> Jain ya shiga ƙungiyar gudanarwa ta Microsoft Network, kafin ƙaddamar da shi.<ref name="IndiaWest" /> A cewar ''Red Herring'', ya fara rashin natsuwa bayan shekaru takwas a kamfanin kuma ya ce bai ji cewa mutum ɗaya zai iya kawo canji a babban kamfani kamar Microsoft ba.<ref name="redherring" /> Naveen Jain yana aiki kan ƙaddamar da Microsoft Networks ( MSN ), lokacin da Netscape Communications ta tara dala biliyan 2.2 a cikin tayin farko na jama'a a 1995. An yi la'akari da IPO na NetScape a matsayin farkon kumfa mai suna dot-com, domin ya nuna cewa kamfanonin Intanet za su iya samun manyan IPO ba tare da samun riba ba tukuna. Naveen ya bar Microsoft don fara InfoSpace a wannan shekarar, da nufin samun nasa tayin farko na jama'a da wuri-wuri. <ref name="SeattleTimes1" /> == InfoSpace == === Girma === Jain ya kafa InfoSpace a watan Maris na shekarar 1996 tare da ma'aikata shida, galibi daga Microsoft, kuma ya fara ƙirƙirar kundin adireshi na imel da waya. InfoSpace ta samar da abubuwan ciki da ayyuka, kamar kundin adireshi na waya, taswira, wasanni da bayanai kan kasuwar hannun jari, ga gidajen yanar gizo da masana'antun na'urorin hannu. Kamfanin ya bunƙasa da ƙarancin kuɗi ba tare da samun tallafi ba ta amfani da dabarun haɗin gwiwa na talla.<ref name="redherring" /> An fara amfani da shi a bainar jama'a a ranar 15 ga Disamba, 1998. Kamfanin ya tara dala miliyan 75 a cikin tayin. Darajar Jain ta karu zuwa dala biliyan 8. Ya fara siyan gidaje masu tsada da jiragen ruwa. Jain ya mallaki kashi 47 cikin 100 na hannun jarin InfoSpace. Shari'o'i da dama daga abokan hulɗa da ma'aikata sun yi zargin cewa ya yi amfani da alkawuran zaɓin hannun jari don jawo hankalin hazikai da abokan hulɗa na kasuwanci, amma sai ya kori ma'aikata ko ya yanke alaƙa ba tare da bayar da hannun jarin da aka yi alkawari ba. Wani bincike da hukumar ta gudanar ya gano cewa Jain ya kasa cika alkawuran kwangilarsa na zaɓin hannun jari ga tsoffin ma'aikata bakwai da abokan hulɗar kasuwanci takwas. <ref name="SeattleTimes1" /> Yawancin waɗannan shari'o'in sun shafi ma'aikata ko masu ba da shawara waɗanda suka ce an ba su yarjejeniyoyi inda za su iya siyan hannun jari akan senti 1 zuwa 10 kowannensu, amma jim kaɗan bayan haka Jain ya yi ƙoƙarin canza yarjejeniyar ko kuma ya kore su saboda takaddama ba tare da alƙawarin diyya bisa ga hannun jari ba. <ref name="inc" /> Jain ya yi zargin cewa an kafa yarjejeniyar ne ta yadda hannun jarinsu ba za su yi sakaci ba har sai sun yi aiki na tsawon shekara guda. <ref name="inc" /> === Hatsari da kuma rashin nasara === Yayin da kumfa mai alamar dot-com ya ƙare a watan Maris na 2000, hannun jarin InfoSpace ya faɗi daga $138 zuwa $1.56 kafin Yulin 2001. A watan Maris na shekarar 2000, duk da cewa farashin hannun jari ya ragu, Jain ya ce InfoSpace wata rana za ta sami kaso mafi girma a kasuwa fiye da duka [[Microsoft]], Intel da Cisco . A farkon shekarar da ta biyo baya ya sayar da hannun jarinsa na dala miliyan 80 a farashi mai rahusa. <ref name="inc" /> Jain ya jagoranci haɗin gwiwa da Go2Net wanda aka saya tare da hannun jari. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka wanda ya kafa Go2Net ya yi murabus kuma aka rage girman kamfanin. <ref name="inc" /> Bayan haɗewar, Shugaban Go2Net Russell Horowitz ya zama shugaban Infospace. Haka kuma, a shekarar 2000, InfoSpace ta yi amfani da wata hanyar lissafin kuɗi mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce don bayar da rahoton ribar dala miliyan 46 yayin da a zahiri ta yi asarar dala miliyan 282. Shugabannin kamfanoni sun kauce wa ƙa'idojin ciniki na SEC don sayar da manyan sassan hannun jarinsu. Jain ya sake komawa matsayin Shugaba a shekarar 2001.<ref name="INFOSPACE-INC-Jan-2001-8-K">{{Cite web |title=INFOSPACE INC, Form 8-K, Current Report, Filing Date Jan 23, 2001 |url=http://pdf.secdatabase.com/2235/0001032210-01-000078.pdf |access-date=15 May 2018 |publisher=secdatabase.com}}</ref> Yayin da kudaden shiga ke raguwa, Jain ya nuna wa masu sharhi kan harkokin zuba jari cewa ana sa ran kudaden shiga za su karu, duk da cewa dukkan alamu sun nuna raguwar da ake samu. A shekara ta 2001, InfoSpace ta ce kudaden shigarta za su kai dala miliyan 360, sannan ta sallami ma'aikata 250 jim kaɗan bayan haka. Jain da sauran manyan jami'ai da dama sun sayar da hannun jarinsu a kamfanin, yayin da hannun jarin ya karu sakamakon yadda masu sharhi kan harkokin zuba jari ke maimaita kyakkyawan hangen nesa na Jain game da kudaden shiga.<ref name="SeattleTimes1" /> Daga nan kamfanin ya yi amfani da hanyoyin lissafin kuɗi masu ɓatarwa don ya nuna kamar har yanzu yana ci gaba da bunƙasa. Misali, ta zuba jari a wani kamfani da ɗan'uwan Jain ke gudanarwa, tare da yarjejeniyar cewa ɗan'uwansa zai kashe kuɗi a kan InfoSpace, wani aiki da aka kira "sayen kuɗi".<ref name="SeattleTimes1" /> Wani mai hannun jari ya shigar da ƙara a kan InfoSpace da kuma manyan jami'anta da yawa, ciki har da Jain, a shekara ta 2001. Mai hannun jarin ya yi zargin cewa Jain ya yaudari masu hannun jarin game da harkokin kuɗin kamfanin, sannan ya sami riba ta hanyar sayar da hannun jarinsa a lokacin da suka kai kololuwar darajarsa. Wannan ya haifar da ƙarin ƙara <ref name="newsource" /> kuma hukumar ta kori Jain daga matsayinsa na Shugaba a shekarar 2002 a matsayin martani. Hukumar InfoSpace ta tilasta wa Jain barin aiki a matsayin shugaba kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa a watan Disamba na 2002. <ref name="PSBJ Ties">{{Cite web |date=28 April 2003 |title=InfoSpace severs final ties with founder Jain |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/stories/2003/04/28/daily5.html |access-date=7 June 2011 |publisher=[[Puget Sound Business Journal]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2003 an umurci Jain da ya biya dala miliyan 247 saboda keta dokokin ciniki na ɗan gajeren lokaci, inda ya sayi kuma ya sayar da hannun jari cikin watanni shida a matsayin ma'aikaci mai ilimin sirri. A kotun ɗaukaka ƙara, Hukumar Tsaro da Musayar Kuɗi ta gabatar da wani ɗan gajeren bayani a gefen Jain, wanda ya kai ga cimma yarjejeniyar dala miliyan 105. Jain ya ce sayen hannayen jarinsa kuskure ne saboda mummunan shawara daga masu ba shi shawara kan harkokin shari'a da harkokin kuɗi. Bayan sulhun, Jain ya kai ƙarar kamfanin kula da hannun jarinsa da lauyoyinsa saboda zargin sakaci a yadda suke tafiyar da shari'ar, amma ƙananan kotuna da [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun Koli]] sun yi watsi da shari'arsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2009 |title=Supreme Court Refuses To Hear InfoSpace Founder's Insider-Trading Appeal |url=http://moconews.net/article/419-supreme-court-refuses-to-hear-infospace-founder-naveen-jains-appeal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008102633/http://moconews.net/article/419-supreme-court-refuses-to-hear-infospace-founder-naveen-jains-appeal/ |archive-date=8 October 2011 |access-date=17 June 2011 |website=mocoNews |publisher=mocoNews.net.}}</ref> A watan Maris na 2003, InfoSpace ta kai ƙarar Jain da wasu saboda zargin karkatar da sirrin ciniki daga InfoSpace don fara Intelius da kuma karya yarjejeniyar da ba ta gasa ba. Kotu ba ta sami wata shaida da ke nuna cewa Intelius da Infospace sun yi gogayya da juna ba, kuma aka yi watsi da shari'ar. A watan Disamba na 2004, an cimma yarjejeniyar dala miliyan 83 tsakanin InfoSpace da Jain, wanda zai haifar da soke dukkan shari'o'in, ciki har da wanda aka samu daga hannun mai hannun jari, tare da nuna wariya. == Bayan Bayanan == === Intellius === A shekara ta 2003, Jain ya kafa Intelius tare. Kamfanin ya tattara kuma ya sayar da bayanan asali game da mutane. Ya karu zuwa dala miliyan 18.1 a cikin kudaden shiga a shekarar 2004 da kuma dala miliyan 88.5 a shekarar 2007 da ribar dala miliyan 22.5. Ta gabatar da tayin farko na jama'a a shekarar 2008. Shafin ya kasance batun korafe-korafe da dama game da hanyoyin tallata kaya bayan ciniki, inda aka sa masu amfani suka yi imanin cewa suna amsa wani ɗan gajeren bincike na dala $10, amma a zahiri an yi musu rajista don biyan kuɗi na dala $20 a kowane wata. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shapiro |first=Nina |date=17 March 2009 |title=Intelius and the Dubious Art of Post-Transaction Marketing |url=http://archive.seattleweekly.com/2009-03-18/news/intelius-and-the-dubious-art-of-post-transaction-marketing/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127143307/http://archive.seattleweekly.com/2009-03-18/news/intelius-and-the-dubious-art-of-post-transaction-marketing/ |archive-date=27 January 2018 |access-date=26 January 2018 |publisher=Seattle Weekly}}</ref> Ya sake kafa kamfanin da sunan Inome a shekarar 2012. A shekarar 2015 aka sayar da kamfanin, inda Jain ya riƙe kashi 25 cikin ɗari na ribar, sannan aka naɗa sabon shugaban kamfanin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2015 |title=Exclusive: Intelius sold to private equity firm, Naveen Jain leaving to launch health tech startup |url=https://www.geekwire.com/2015/exclusive-intelius-sold-to-private-equity-firm-naveen-jain-leaving-to-pursue-new-health-tech-startup/ |access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref> === TalentWise === Jain ya kafa Talentwise, wani kamfani da Intelius ya kafa, wanda aka sayar a shekarar 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2016 |title=Background check powerhouse Talentwise sells to SterlingBackcheck in 'significant' exit |url=https://www.geekwire.com/2016/221081/ |access-date=23 December 2017}}</ref> === Watan Express === Jain ya kafa kamfanin Moon Express tare a watan Agusta na 2010 kuma shine shugaban kamfanin. Kamfanin yana gina jiragen sama masu amfani da injina don haƙo kayayyaki kamar zinariya, cobalt, platinum, da Helium-3 (mai amfani da makamashin nukiliya) daga duniyar wata. Haka kuma za ta yi haƙa ramin ruwa a kudancin Wata, wanda za a iya amfani da shi wajen samar da mai ga roka don ayyukan da za a yi a duniyar Mars da kuma bayanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 August 2016 |title=Five Things Moon Express Wants to Mine On the Moon |url=https://www.inverse.com/article/19175-five-minerals-moon-express-mission |access-date=8 February 2018 |website=Inverse |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ioannou |first=Lori |date=31 January 2017 |title=Billionaire closer to mining the moon for trillions of dollars in riches |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2017/01/31/billionaire-closer-to-mining-moon-for-trillions-of-dollars-in-riches.html |access-date=8 February 2018 |website=CNBC}}</ref> Jain ya yi ikirarin cewa burinsa na kafa Moon Express shine ya kafa wuraren zama na mutane a duniyar wata nan da shekarar 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kharpal |first=Arjun |date=30 November 2017 |title=Human colonies will be on the moon within 5 years, space entrepreneur says |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/30/moon-express-says-first-launch-happening-in-2018.html |access-date=8 February 2018 |website=CNBC}}</ref> === Bluedot === Jain shine wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Bluedot. An fara aiki a shekarar 2015, Bluedot ta ba da lasisin bincike daga dakunan gwaje-gwaje na ƙasa na Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka don kasuwanci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2016 |title=Naveen Jain raises $6.7 million for new company BlueDot |url=https://www.seattletimes.com/business/technology/naveen-jain-raises-76-million-for-new-company-bluedot/ |access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref> Jain shine wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kamfanin Bluedot Viome (wanda aka kafa a 2016). Viome tana ba da ayyukan gwaji da nazarin [[Genomics na abinci mai gina jiki|kwayoyin halitta masu gina jiki]], musamman na ƙwayoyin hanji, kuma tana ba da shawarwari kan abinci.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Companies are trying to use your DNA and bacteria to give you personalized diet advice — here's what the science says |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/personalized-nutrition-dietary-advice-dna-test-microbiome-2017-6 |access-date=10 November 2017 |website=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> === Sauran ayyuka === Jain memba ne na hukumar gudanarwa ta Kairos Society, wata cibiyar kasuwanci mai zaman kanta ta masu digiri na farko, wacce ɗansa ya kafa. Yana kuma cikin kwamitin gudanarwa na gidauniyar Xprize da kuma Jami'ar Singularity . Tare da haɗin gwiwar matarsa, an ƙaddamar da kyautar Anu da Naveen Jain Women's Safety Xprize a watan Oktoba na 2016 kuma an yi niyyar ci gaba da aiki har zuwa watan Yuni na 2018, da nufin bayar da dala miliyan 1 ga ƙungiyar da ke ƙirƙirar na'ura mai araha wadda za ta iya aika saƙon gaggawa cikin sauri, ta atomatik, da kuma a hankali ga masu amsawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2016 |title=With Two New Competitions, XPRIZE Tackles Water Scarcity and Women's Safety |url=https://safety.xprize.org/press-release/two-new-competitions-xprize-tackles-water-scarcity-and-womens-safety |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118181027/https://safety.xprize.org/press-release/two-new-competitions-xprize-tackles-water-scarcity-and-womens-safety |archive-date=18 January 2018 |access-date=2 March 2018 |website=Anu & Naveen Jain Women's Safety XPRIZE |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Biotech startup working to help women stay safe |url=https://www.post-gazette.com/business/healthcare-business/2018/02/02/Biotech-startup-works-to-address-women-s-safety/stories/201801300003 |access-date=2 March 2018 |website=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |language=en}}</ref> Jain yana tattara taurari masu taurari . Tarin abubuwan da ya tara, wanda a shekarar 2012 ya kashe masa dala miliyan 5, ya ƙunshi 'faɗuwar da aka gani'; taurarin meteorites waɗanda masu lura suka gani suna tafiya ta cikin sararin samaniya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lipton |first=Josh |date=3 January 2017 |title=These guys hunt for space rocks, and sell them for enormous profit to collectors |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2017/01/03/these-guys-hunt-for-space-rocks-and-sell-them-for-enormous-profit-to-collectors.html |access-date=2 March 2018 |website=CNBC}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jain ya yi aure a shekara ta 1988 kuma ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa [[Seattle]]. Yana da 'ya'ya uku ciki har da Ankur Jain . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] j0pjv8he907dsleesohlezwfquoq3ap 0 177834 961703 2026-10-02T05:57:09Z Nnamadee 31123 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355292961|Tarang Jain]]" 961703 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tarang Jain''' (an haife shi a shekarar 1962/1963) ɗan kasuwa ne mai kuɗi a Indiya, babban jami'in gudanarwa kuma kashi 86% na mamallakin Varroc, wani kamfanin kera kayan hawa biyu da huɗu na Indiya. Ya zuwa ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 2024, Anurang Jain da iyalansa sun kasance a matsayi na 88 a cikin jerin mutanen 100 mafi arziki a Indiya da ''Forbes ta fitar'', tare da dukiyar da ta kai dala biliyan 3.65.<ref>{{Cite web |last=KARMALI" |first="NAAZNEEN |title=India’s 100 Richest 2024 |url=https://www.forbes.com/lists/india-billionaires/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Mahaifiyarsa Suman 'yar'uwar Rahul Bajaj ce. <ref name="forbesindia.com">{{Cite web |title=Tarang Jain: Taking Risks to De-Risk Varroc - Forbes India |url=http://www.forbesindia.com/article/leaderhip-awards-2013/tarang-jain-taking-risks-to-derisk-varroc/36383/1 |access-date=5 July 2018 |website=Forbes India}}</ref> Mahaifinsa shine Naresh Chandra Jain, wanda ya kafa Varroc, kuma yana da ɗan'uwa tagwaye iri ɗaya Anurang Jain, wanda ke gudanar da wani kamfanin kera kayan gyaran motoci, Endurance Technologies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Varroc leads Charge of the Indian Component Brigade - Forbes India Blog |url=http://www.forbesindia.com/blog/business-strategy/varroc-leads-charge-of-the-indian-component-brigade/ |access-date=5 July 2018 |website=Forbes India}}</ref> Jain ya sami digirin farko daga Jami'ar Mumbai, da kuma digirin MBA daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta IMD da ke Lausanne, Switzerland.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tutorials |first=Script |title=Varroc Group - Varroc Group Site |url=http://www.varrocgroup.com/leadership_team |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711174436/http://www.varrocgroup.com/leadership_team |archive-date=11 July 2018 |access-date=5 July 2018 |website=www.varrocgroup.com}}</ref> == Sana'a == Jain ya kafa Varroc a shekarar 1990. <ref name="forbesindia.com" /> A shekarar 2012, ya sayi sha'awar hasken Visteon a duniya, wato kasuwancin hasken da ya fi girma a duniya na shida, kan dala miliyan 90.5. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Twin-win venture: How Tarang Jain built a global automotive business - Forbes India |url=http://www.forbesindia.com/article/big-bet/twinwin-venture-how-tarang-jain-built-a-global-automotive-business/49915/1 |access-date=5 July 2018 |website=Forbes India}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jain yana da aure, yana da 'ya'ya biyu, kuma yana zaune a [[Aurangabad]], Indiya. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 6j9ipuyxpbm5kbuabfls69fc4x8y5hx 961704 961703 2026-10-02T05:57:47Z Nnamadee 31123 961704 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tarang Jain''' (an haife shi a shekarar 1962/1963) ɗan kasuwa ne mai kuɗi a Indiya, babban jami'in gudanarwa kuma kashi 86% na mamallakin Varroc, wani kamfanin kera kayan hawa biyu da huɗu na Indiya. Ya zuwa ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 2024, Anurang Jain da iyalansa sun kasance a matsayi na 88 a cikin jerin mutanen 100 mafi arziki a Indiya da ''Forbes ta fitar'', tare da dukiyar da ta kai dala biliyan 3.65.<ref>{{Cite web |last=KARMALI" |first="NAAZNEEN |title=India’s 100 Richest 2024 |url=https://www.forbes.com/lists/india-billionaires/ |access-date=2025-10-02 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Mahaifiyarsa Suman 'yar'uwar Rahul Bajaj ce.<ref name="forbesindia.com">{{Cite web |title=Tarang Jain: Taking Risks to De-Risk Varroc - Forbes India |url=http://www.forbesindia.com/article/leaderhip-awards-2013/tarang-jain-taking-risks-to-derisk-varroc/36383/1 |access-date=5 July 2018 |website=Forbes India}}</ref> Mahaifinsa shine Naresh Chandra Jain, wanda ya kafa Varroc, kuma yana da ɗan'uwa tagwaye iri ɗaya Anurang Jain, wanda ke gudanar da wani kamfanin kera kayan gyaran motoci, Endurance Technologies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Varroc leads Charge of the Indian Component Brigade - Forbes India Blog |url=http://www.forbesindia.com/blog/business-strategy/varroc-leads-charge-of-the-indian-component-brigade/ |access-date=5 July 2018 |website=Forbes India}}</ref> Jain ya sami digirin farko daga Jami'ar Mumbai, da kuma digirin MBA daga Makarantar Kasuwanci ta IMD da ke Lausanne, Switzerland.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tutorials |first=Script |title=Varroc Group - Varroc Group Site |url=http://www.varrocgroup.com/leadership_team |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711174436/http://www.varrocgroup.com/leadership_team |archive-date=11 July 2018 |access-date=5 July 2018 |website=www.varrocgroup.com}}</ref> == Sana'a == Jain ya kafa Varroc a shekarar 1990.<ref name="forbesindia.com" /> A shekarar 2012, ya sayi sha'awar hasken Visteon a duniya, wato kasuwancin hasken da ya fi girma a duniya na shida, kan dala miliyan 90.5.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Twin-win venture: How Tarang Jain built a global automotive business - Forbes India |url=http://www.forbesindia.com/article/big-bet/twinwin-venture-how-tarang-jain-built-a-global-automotive-business/49915/1 |access-date=5 July 2018 |website=Forbes India}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jain yana da aure, yana da 'ya'ya biyu, kuma yana zaune a [[Aurangabad]], Indiya. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] sf2t1ctyjpeo0gij57cigtrjidtalhr 0 177835 961705 2026-10-02T05:58:11Z Nnamadee 31123 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1308679280|Tushar Jani]]" 961705 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tushar Kumudrai Jani''' ko '''Tushar Jani''' <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Tushar Jani |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=8791101&privcapId=13154868 |website=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 1953) ɗan kasuwa ne na kasuwanci, mai saka hannun jari, mai taimakon jama'a kuma wanda ya kafa Blue Dart Express Limited da Blue Dart Aviation, Swift Freight <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Leading Indian NVOCC |url=http://swiftcargo.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180315105837/http://swiftcargo.com/ |archive-date=15 March 2018 |website=swiftcargo.com}}</ref> da Express Industry Council of India ''(ƙungiyar jigilar kaya da jigilar kaya ta dukkan kamfanonin Indiya)'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Express Industry Council of India |url=http://www.eiciindia.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180301224857/http://www.eiciindia.org/ |archive-date=1 March 2018 |website=eiciindia.org}}</ref> Swift Freight ita ce kamfanin kasuwanci na farko na NVOCC a Indiya wanda ke da rajistar FMC <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Distribution Publications, INC |url=https://www.dpiusa.com/license |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306143353/https://www.dpiusa.com/license |archive-date=6 March 2018 |website=dpiusa.com}}</ref> a Amurka, kuma Majalisar Masana'antu ta Express, ita ce mai kula da jigilar kaya ta farko a Indiya, tana kula da ayyukanta. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=FFFAI Hall Of Fame |url=https://www.fffai.org/fffai-hall-of-fame.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020232540/http://fffai.org/fffai-hall-of-fame.php |archive-date=20 October 2016 |website=fffai.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Chairman's Profile |url=http://www.scagroup.in/profile.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504041917/http://www.scagroup.in/profile.htm |archive-date=4 May 2016 |website=scagroup.in}}</ref> Ya ƙirƙiri tashoshin jigilar kaya na cikin gida (ga masu amfani gama gari) a filayen jiragen saman Mumbai, [[Filin jirgin saman Indira Gandhi|Delhi]], Kolkata da Chennai, da kuma tashoshin jigilar kaya na ƙasashen duniya (ga masu amfani gama gari) a filayen jiragen saman Mumbai da Delhi na Indiya. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=New Courier Terminal (NCT) |url=http://delhicustoms.gov.in/new-courier-terminal.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110035628/http://delhicustoms.gov.in/new-courier-terminal.html |archive-date=10 November 2017 |website=delhicustoms.gov.in}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Corporate Background – Board of Directors – Tushar Jani – Chairman |url=https://bluedartaviation.com/corporatebg_bod.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302044623/https://bluedartaviation.com/corporatebg_bod.htm |archive-date=2 March 2018 |website=bluedartaviation.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Corporate Profile |url=http://www.bluedart.com/aboutus.html |website=bluedart.com}}</ref> Tushar Jani memba ne na [[Kwamiti|kwamitin]] shirya zaman kasuwanci, a taron FIATA World Congress 2018, Delhi. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=FIATA Congresses & HQ Sessions |url=https://fiata.com/initiatives/fiata-congresses-hq-sessions.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008151358/http://fiata.com/initiatives/fiata-congresses-hq-sessions.html |archive-date=8 October 2017 |website=fiata.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=FIATA World Congress |url=http://www.fiata2018.org/organising_committee.php |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609090829/https://www.fiata2018.org/organising_committee.php |archive-date=9 June 2018 |website=fiata2018.org}}</ref> == Sana'a == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" |Company ! scope="col" |Role !Ref |- |Blue Dart Aviation Ltd. |Founder, Chairman | |- |Blue Dart Express Ltd. |Chairman,<br /><br />Director ''(till 11 March 2005)'' | |- |Express Industry Council of India |Founder, ex-chairman | |- |CII's National Logistics Sub-Committee,<br /><br />Western Region <span style="font-size:85%">''(CII:Confederation of Indian Industry)''</span> |ex-chairman | |- |Swift Freight Pvt. Ltd. |Co-founder, director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=about swiftcargo |url=http://swiftcargo.com/about-us/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119022249/http://swiftcargo.com/about-us/ |archive-date=19 November 2017 |website=swiftcargo.com}}</ref> |- |<div>CSC Group, CSCI Pvt Ltd.<br /><br /><span style="font-size:85%">''(CSC: Cargo Service Center, India)''</span></div> |Chairman, director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=25 June 2015 |title=E-commerce will boost air cargo movement |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/ecommerce-will-boost-air-cargo-movement/article7353813.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609090828/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/ecommerce-will-boost-air-cargo-movement/article7353813.ece |archive-date=9 June 2018 |website=thehindubusinessline.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=About cscindia |url=http://cscindia.in/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204171748/http://cscindia.in/ |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=cscindia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=CSC JV Awarded International Cargo Handling Concession at CSIA Airport Mumbai |url=http://www.dailyshippingtimes.com/news-upload/upload/fullnews.php?fn_id=18750 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308165227/http://www.dailyshippingtimes.com/news-upload/upload/fullnews.php?fn_id=18750 |archive-date=8 March 2018 |website=dailyshippingtimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Tushar Jani, Chairman, CSC Group, talks to The STAT Trade Times at IATA WCS in Abu Dhabi |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03H5-2ORzuE |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609090828/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03H5-2ORzuE |archive-date=9 June 2018 |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> |- |<div>AMTOI <span style="font-size:85%">''(The Association of Multimodal Transport<br /><br />Operators of India)''</span></div> |ex-president (formal) |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Committee Members |url=http://amtoi.org/index.php/committee-members-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171125151447/http://amtoi.org/index.php/committee-members-2/ |archive-date=25 November 2017 |website=amtoi.org}}</ref> |- |Maharashtra State Council's CII |ex-chairman |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Tushar Jani |url=https://relationshipscience.com/person/tushar-jani-4927850 |website=relationshipscience.com}}</ref> |- |ACHAI <span style="font-size:85%">''(Association of Cargo Handlers of India)''</span> |Current chairman |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Cargo Handlers |url=http://www.scagroup.in/Cargo_Service_Center.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828061555/http://www.scagroup.in/Cargo_Service_Center.htm |archive-date=28 August 2017 |website=scagroup.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Speakers |url=https://www.stattimes.com/ACI2018/speakers.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171124021134/http://www.stattimes.com/ACI2018/speakers.php |archive-date=24 November 2017 |website=stattimes.com}}</ref> |- |ACFI <span style="font-size:85%">''(Air Cargo Forum India)''</span> |Current President |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Training for advancement |url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/cargo-talk/20170715/281878708407839 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609090828/https://www.pressreader.com/india/cargo-talk/20170715/281878708407839 |archive-date=9 June 2018 |via=PressReader}}</ref> |- |Ritu Freight & Transportation Services Pvt Ltd. |Founder, director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=RFTS |url=http://www.scagroup.in/RituFreit.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160907230427/http://www.scagroup.in/RituFreit.htm |archive-date=7 September 2016 |website=scagroup.in}}</ref> |- |Nijoy Freight Systems Pvt. Ltd. |Founder, director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Nijoy Freight Systems Pvt. Ltd |url=https://www.justdial.com/Hyderabad/Nijoy-Freight-Systems-Pvt-Ltd-Parklane/040PXX40-XX40-140314153227-W2T7_BZDET |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307022707/https://www.justdial.com/Hyderabad/Nijoy-Freight-Systems-Pvt-Ltd-Parklane/040PXX40-XX40-140314153227-W2T7_BZDET |archive-date=7 March 2018 |website=justdial.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=NIJOY FREIGHT SYSTEMS PRIVATE LIMITED |url=https://www.indiancompany.info/company/nijoy-freight-systems-private-limited/ |website=indiancompany.info}}{{Dead link|date=May 2025}}</ref> |- |Navneet Education Ltd. |Independent Director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Investor Relations Board of Directors |url=http://www.navneet.com/board-of-directors/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030080834/http://www.navneet.com/board-of-directors/ |archive-date=30 October 2017 |website=navneet.com}}</ref> |- |Transmart (India) Pvt Ltd. |Director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Company Overview of Transmart (India) Private Limited) |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=46450747 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306213006/https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=46450747 |archive-date=6 March 2018 |website=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transmart ( India ) Pvt.Ltd. |url=http://www.scagroup.in/TransMart_IndiaPvtLtd.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306142503/http://www.scagroup.in/TransMart_IndiaPvtLtd.htm |archive-date=6 March 2018 |website=scagroup.in}}</ref> |- |Blue Sea Shipping Agency Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Scmooth (India) Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Span Design & Solution Service Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Ishan Freight & Transport Services Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Albatross Logistics Centre (India) Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |SCA Logistics Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Cargo Service Center Cool Chain India Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Delhi Cargo Service Center Pvt Ltd. |Director | |} == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Tushar Jani a ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 1953. Ya kammala karatun [[Kammala karatun digiri|digirin]] farko a fannin kimiyya daga Jami'ar Mumbai.Yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 September 2007 |title=Daughters in the Sun |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/magazine/cover-story/daughters-in-the-sun/story/607.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306142620/https://www.businesstoday.in/magazine/cover-story/daughters-in-the-sun/story/607.html |archive-date=6 March 2018 |website=businesstoday.in}}</ref> Tushar Jani yana cikin shirye-shiryen gyaran mutanen da girgizar ƙasa ta shafa, a [[Gujarat]], ta Cibiyar Bincike [[Tarin fuka|ta Tarin Fuka]], da ke Bhavnagar. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]] 0rh32ezrnonrxrdlo0wrxniu3i1l8pz 961706 961705 2026-10-02T05:59:10Z Nnamadee 31123 961706 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tushar Kumudrai Jani''' ko '''Tushar Jani'''<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Tushar Jani |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=8791101&privcapId=13154868 |website=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref> (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 1953) ɗan kasuwa ne na kasuwanci, mai saka hannun jari, mai taimakon jama'a kuma wanda ya kafa Blue Dart Express Limited da Blue Dart Aviation, Swift Freight <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Leading Indian NVOCC |url=http://swiftcargo.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180315105837/http://swiftcargo.com/ |archive-date=15 March 2018 |website=swiftcargo.com}}</ref> da Express Industry Council of India ''(ƙungiyar jigilar kaya da jigilar kaya ta dukkan kamfanonin Indiya)'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Express Industry Council of India |url=http://www.eiciindia.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180301224857/http://www.eiciindia.org/ |archive-date=1 March 2018 |website=eiciindia.org}}</ref> Swift Freight ita ce kamfanin kasuwanci na farko na NVOCC a Indiya wanda ke da rajistar FMC<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Distribution Publications, INC |url=https://www.dpiusa.com/license |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306143353/https://www.dpiusa.com/license |archive-date=6 March 2018 |website=dpiusa.com}}</ref> a Amurka, kuma Majalisar Masana'antu ta Express, ita ce mai kula da jigilar kaya ta farko a Indiya, tana kula da ayyukanta.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=FFFAI Hall Of Fame |url=https://www.fffai.org/fffai-hall-of-fame.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020232540/http://fffai.org/fffai-hall-of-fame.php |archive-date=20 October 2016 |website=fffai.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Chairman's Profile |url=http://www.scagroup.in/profile.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504041917/http://www.scagroup.in/profile.htm |archive-date=4 May 2016 |website=scagroup.in}}</ref> Ya ƙirƙiri tashoshin jigilar kaya na cikin gida (ga masu amfani gama gari) a filayen jiragen saman Mumbai, [[Filin jirgin saman Indira Gandhi|Delhi]], Kolkata da Chennai, da kuma tashoshin jigilar kaya na ƙasashen duniya (ga masu amfani gama gari) a filayen jiragen saman Mumbai da Delhi na Indiya.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=New Courier Terminal (NCT) |url=http://delhicustoms.gov.in/new-courier-terminal.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110035628/http://delhicustoms.gov.in/new-courier-terminal.html |archive-date=10 November 2017 |website=delhicustoms.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Corporate Background – Board of Directors – Tushar Jani – Chairman |url=https://bluedartaviation.com/corporatebg_bod.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302044623/https://bluedartaviation.com/corporatebg_bod.htm |archive-date=2 March 2018 |website=bluedartaviation.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Corporate Profile |url=http://www.bluedart.com/aboutus.html |website=bluedart.com}}</ref> Tushar Jani memba ne na [[Kwamiti|kwamitin]] shirya zaman kasuwanci, a taron FIATA World Congress 2018, Delhi. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=FIATA Congresses & HQ Sessions |url=https://fiata.com/initiatives/fiata-congresses-hq-sessions.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008151358/http://fiata.com/initiatives/fiata-congresses-hq-sessions.html |archive-date=8 October 2017 |website=fiata.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=FIATA World Congress |url=http://www.fiata2018.org/organising_committee.php |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609090829/https://www.fiata2018.org/organising_committee.php |archive-date=9 June 2018 |website=fiata2018.org}}</ref> == Sana'a == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" ! scope="col" |Company ! scope="col" |Role !Ref |- |Blue Dart Aviation Ltd. |Founder, Chairman | |- |Blue Dart Express Ltd. |Chairman,<br /><br />Director ''(till 11 March 2005)'' | |- |Express Industry Council of India |Founder, ex-chairman | |- |CII's National Logistics Sub-Committee,<br /><br />Western Region <span style="font-size:85%">''(CII:Confederation of Indian Industry)''</span> |ex-chairman | |- |Swift Freight Pvt. Ltd. |Co-founder, director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=about swiftcargo |url=http://swiftcargo.com/about-us/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119022249/http://swiftcargo.com/about-us/ |archive-date=19 November 2017 |website=swiftcargo.com}}</ref> |- |<div>CSC Group, CSCI Pvt Ltd.<br /><br /><span style="font-size:85%">''(CSC: Cargo Service Center, India)''</span></div> |Chairman, director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=25 June 2015 |title=E-commerce will boost air cargo movement |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/ecommerce-will-boost-air-cargo-movement/article7353813.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609090828/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/ecommerce-will-boost-air-cargo-movement/article7353813.ece |archive-date=9 June 2018 |website=thehindubusinessline.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=About cscindia |url=http://cscindia.in/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204171748/http://cscindia.in/ |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=cscindia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=CSC JV Awarded International Cargo Handling Concession at CSIA Airport Mumbai |url=http://www.dailyshippingtimes.com/news-upload/upload/fullnews.php?fn_id=18750 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308165227/http://www.dailyshippingtimes.com/news-upload/upload/fullnews.php?fn_id=18750 |archive-date=8 March 2018 |website=dailyshippingtimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Tushar Jani, Chairman, CSC Group, talks to The STAT Trade Times at IATA WCS in Abu Dhabi |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03H5-2ORzuE |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609090828/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03H5-2ORzuE |archive-date=9 June 2018 |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> |- |<div>AMTOI <span style="font-size:85%">''(The Association of Multimodal Transport<br /><br />Operators of India)''</span></div> |ex-president (formal) |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Committee Members |url=http://amtoi.org/index.php/committee-members-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171125151447/http://amtoi.org/index.php/committee-members-2/ |archive-date=25 November 2017 |website=amtoi.org}}</ref> |- |Maharashtra State Council's CII |ex-chairman |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Tushar Jani |url=https://relationshipscience.com/person/tushar-jani-4927850 |website=relationshipscience.com}}</ref> |- |ACHAI <span style="font-size:85%">''(Association of Cargo Handlers of India)''</span> |Current chairman |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Cargo Handlers |url=http://www.scagroup.in/Cargo_Service_Center.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828061555/http://www.scagroup.in/Cargo_Service_Center.htm |archive-date=28 August 2017 |website=scagroup.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Speakers |url=https://www.stattimes.com/ACI2018/speakers.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171124021134/http://www.stattimes.com/ACI2018/speakers.php |archive-date=24 November 2017 |website=stattimes.com}}</ref> |- |ACFI <span style="font-size:85%">''(Air Cargo Forum India)''</span> |Current President |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Training for advancement |url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/cargo-talk/20170715/281878708407839 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609090828/https://www.pressreader.com/india/cargo-talk/20170715/281878708407839 |archive-date=9 June 2018 |via=PressReader}}</ref> |- |Ritu Freight & Transportation Services Pvt Ltd. |Founder, director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=RFTS |url=http://www.scagroup.in/RituFreit.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160907230427/http://www.scagroup.in/RituFreit.htm |archive-date=7 September 2016 |website=scagroup.in}}</ref> |- |Nijoy Freight Systems Pvt. Ltd. |Founder, director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Nijoy Freight Systems Pvt. Ltd |url=https://www.justdial.com/Hyderabad/Nijoy-Freight-Systems-Pvt-Ltd-Parklane/040PXX40-XX40-140314153227-W2T7_BZDET |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307022707/https://www.justdial.com/Hyderabad/Nijoy-Freight-Systems-Pvt-Ltd-Parklane/040PXX40-XX40-140314153227-W2T7_BZDET |archive-date=7 March 2018 |website=justdial.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=NIJOY FREIGHT SYSTEMS PRIVATE LIMITED |url=https://www.indiancompany.info/company/nijoy-freight-systems-private-limited/ |website=indiancompany.info}}{{Dead link|date=May 2025}}</ref> |- |Navneet Education Ltd. |Independent Director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Investor Relations Board of Directors |url=http://www.navneet.com/board-of-directors/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030080834/http://www.navneet.com/board-of-directors/ |archive-date=30 October 2017 |website=navneet.com}}</ref> |- |Transmart (India) Pvt Ltd. |Director |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Company Overview of Transmart (India) Private Limited) |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=46450747 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306213006/https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=46450747 |archive-date=6 March 2018 |website=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transmart ( India ) Pvt.Ltd. |url=http://www.scagroup.in/TransMart_IndiaPvtLtd.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306142503/http://www.scagroup.in/TransMart_IndiaPvtLtd.htm |archive-date=6 March 2018 |website=scagroup.in}}</ref> |- |Blue Sea Shipping Agency Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Scmooth (India) Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Span Design & Solution Service Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Ishan Freight & Transport Services Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Albatross Logistics Centre (India) Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |SCA Logistics Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Cargo Service Center Cool Chain India Pvt Ltd. |Director | |- |Delhi Cargo Service Center Pvt Ltd. |Director | |} == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Tushar Jani a ranar 29 ga Afrilu, 1953. Ya kammala karatun [[Kammala karatun digiri|digirin]] farko a fannin kimiyya daga Jami'ar Mumbai.Yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 September 2007 |title=Daughters in the Sun |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/magazine/cover-story/daughters-in-the-sun/story/607.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306142620/https://www.businesstoday.in/magazine/cover-story/daughters-in-the-sun/story/607.html |archive-date=6 March 2018 |website=businesstoday.in}}</ref> Tushar Jani yana cikin shirye-shiryen gyaran mutanen da girgizar ƙasa ta shafa, a [[Gujarat]], ta Cibiyar Bincike [[Tarin fuka|ta Tarin Fuka]], da ke Bhavnagar. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]] r3042i9xpq1m7dv00d18oxfk71hxrbg 0 177836 961707 2026-10-02T06:05:41Z Baffa ali 47435 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362330586|List of awards and nominations received by Jordan Peele]]" 961707 wikitext text/x-wiki   Fitaccen ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka, marubuci, kuma darakta Jordan Peele ya sami kyaututtuka da naɗi iri-iri saboda aikinsa. An zaɓi Jordan Peele a cikin jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo takwas na Emmy Award na Primetime, ciki har da bakwai na shirin zane-zane na Comedy Central ''Key da Peele'' wanda ya gudana daga 2012 zuwa 2015. Shi da Keegan-Michael Key sun lashe kyautar Primetime Emmy Award don Outstanding Variety Sketch Series a shekarar 2016. Peele ya kuma sami yabo mai zafi saboda fim ɗinsa na farko da ya shirya, fim ɗin ban tsoro mai ban dariya, ''Get Out'' (2017) wanda ya sami zaɓen Oscar uku don Mafi Kyawun Fim, Mafi Kyawun Darakta, da Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Farko, wanda daga baya ya lashe shi. Ya kuma sami kyautar British Academy Film Award, Golden Globe Award, da kuma kyautar Screen Actors Guild Award . 12345Balogun ta yi karatun fim a Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematography . Shekaru bayan kammala karatunsa, ya rubuta takardar digirin digirinsa a kan fina-finai.[1]Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar == Manyan ƙungiyoyi == === Kyaututtukan Kwalejin === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi Kyawun Hoto | rowspan="3" | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="3" |<ref name="Oscars 18">{{Cite web |last=Barnes |first=Brooks |date=January 23, 2018 |title=2018 Oscar Nominations: 'The Shape of Water' Leads With 13 Nominations |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/movies/oscar-nominations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225033656/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/movies/oscar-nominations.html |archive-date=February 25, 2019 |access-date=January 23, 2018 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> |- | Mafi kyawun Darakta |{{Nom}} |- | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali |{{Won}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Mafi Kyawun Hoto | ''BlackKkKlansman''| {{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Melas |first=Chloe |date=February 24, 2019 |title=Oscars winners 2019: See the full list of winners |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/24/entertainment/oscars-winners-2019-list/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225033656/https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/24/entertainment/oscars-winners-2019-list/index.html |archive-date=February 25, 2019 |access-date=February 24, 2019 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> |- |} === Kyaututtukan Fina-finai na Kwalejin Burtaniya === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=January 8, 2018 |title=BAFTA Awards: 'Shape of Water,' 'Three Billboards,' 'Darkest Hour' Lead Pack of Nominations |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/bafta-2018-complete-list-nominations-1067881 |access-date=January 8, 2018 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Fim Mafi Kyau | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pond |first=Steve |date=10 February 2019 |title=BAFTA Awards 2019: 'The Favourite' Dominates, But 'Roma' Wins the Big One |url=https://www.thewrap.com/roma-wins-bafta-awards-winners-list/ |access-date=10 February 2019 |website=[[The Wrap]]}}</ref> |- |} === Kyaututtukan Britannia === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | colspan="2" | Kyautar John Schlesinger ta Britannia don ƙwarewa a fannin jagoranci|{{Won}} | |} === Kyaututtukan Emmy na Farko === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2008 | Kiɗan Asali da Kalmomi | ''MADtv'' ("Sad Fitty Cent")|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 17, 2008 |title=Complete List of Nominees for 2008 Emmys |url=http://m.eonline.com/news/3139/complete-list-of-nominees-for-2008-emmys |access-date=September 27, 2014 |website=E!}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2014 | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban | rowspan="3" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 10, 2014 |title=2014 Emmy Nominations: 'Breaking Bad,' 'True Detective' Among the Honored |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/11/arts/television/2014-emmy-nominations-game-of-thrones-true-detective-among-the-honored.html?_r=0 |access-date=July 10, 2014 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> |- | rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 2015 | Fitattun Zane-zane Iri-iri|{{Nom}} | rowspan="4" | <ref name="Emmys 15">{{Cite web |date=September 20, 2015 |title=Emmy Awards: The Complete Winners List |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/emmy-winners-2015-complete-results-825450/item/lead-actor-a-drama-series-825568 |access-date=September 23, 2015 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban |{{Nom}} |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Musamman Na Musamman | ''Babban Kwano na Musamman na Key da Peele Super Bowl'' |{{Nom}} |- | Shirin Nishaɗi Kai Tsaye Mai Kyau Na Gajeren Tsarin Nishaɗi | ''Key da Peele Sun Gabatar: Hawan Sama'' |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2016 | Fitattun Zane-zane Iri-iri | rowspan="2" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Won}} | rowspan="2" | <ref name="Emmys 16">{{Cite web |last=Lewis |first=Dave |date=July 14, 2016 |title=Nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-emmys-2016-nominees-winners-list-20160714-snap-story.html |access-date=July 14, 2016 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban|{{Nom}} |- |} === Kyaututtukan Zinare na Duniya === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Fim - Waƙa ko Barkwanci | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Get Out |url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/film/get-out |access-date=October 11, 2019 |website=goldenglobes.com |publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]]}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Fim - Wasan Kwaikwayo | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-09 |title=EE British Academy Film Awards Winners in 2019 |url=https://www.bafta.org/film/awards/ee-british-academy-film-awards-nominees-winners-2019 |access-date=2023-07-01 |website=www.bafta.org |language=en}}</ref> |- |} == Kyaututtukan Ƙungiya == === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Marubuta === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Rukuni" ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2013 | Mafi kyawun Barkwanci/Ire-iren Barkwanci (Har da Magana) – Jerin | rowspan="2" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''| {{Nom}} | |- | 2016 | Mafi kyawun Barkwanci/Ire-iren - Jerin Zane|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 13, 2016 |title='The Big Short' and 'Spotlight' Win Writers Guild Awards: Complete Winners List |url=https://www.thewrap.com/writers-guild-awards-the-winners-list-updating-live/ |access-date=February 27, 2016 |website=[[TheWrap]]}}</ref> |- | 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali | ''Fita''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lewis |first=Hilary |date=January 4, 2018 |title=WGA Awards: 'Get Out,' 'Logan,' 'The Big Sick' Among Film Nominations |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/2018-wga-awards-movies-doc-nominations-revealed-1071581 |access-date=January 4, 2018 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> |- | 2023 | ''A'a''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 Writers Guild Awards Winners & Nominees |url=https://awards.wga.org/awards/nominees-winners |access-date=2023-07-01 |website=awards.wga.org |language=en}}</ref> |} === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Daraktoci === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | Darakta Mai Kyau - Fim ɗin Fim | rowspan="2" | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" | <ref name="DGA">{{Cite web |last=Hammond |first=Pete |date=January 11, 2018 |title=DGA Awards Nominees: 'Shape Of Water', 'Lady Bird', 'Dunkirk', 'Three Billboards', 'Get Out' |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/directors-guild-2018-nominees-list-dga-awards-1202240828/ |access-date=January 19, 2018 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | Darakta Mai Kyau - Fim ɗin Fim Na Farko |{{Won}} |- |} === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Masu Shiryawa === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Wasan Kwaikwayo | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=January 5, 2018 |title=PGA Awards Film & TV Nominations Unveiled |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/pga-awards-nominations-2018-1202236312/ |access-date=January 5, 2018 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |- | 2019 | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} | |- |} === Kyaututtukan Ƙungiyar 'Yan Wasan Kwaikwayo === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2016 | Fim ɗin da ya yi fice a cikin jerin barkwanci | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |title=The 22nd Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards |url=http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/22nd-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222190025/http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/22nd-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |access-date=February 8, 2016 |publisher=[[Screen Actors Guild Awards]]}}</ref> |- |} == Sauran kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Award !Category !Work !Result |- |2013 | colspan="2" |{{Center|[[Peabody Award]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peabodyawards.com/stories/story/2013-peabody-winners|title=The Peabody Awards|date=2 April 2014 |publisher=[[Peabody Award]]s|accessdate=May 9, 2016|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508204320/http://peabodyawards.com/stories/story/2013-peabody-winners|archivedate=May 8, 2016}}</ref>}} | rowspan="9" |''Key &amp;amp; Peele'' | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |2014 |NAACP Image Award<ref name="THRNIA45">{{Cite web |last=Couch |first=Aaron |last2=Washington |first2=Arlene |date=February 22, 2014 |title=NAACP Image Awards: The Winners |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-682585 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313195908/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-682585 |archive-date=March 13, 2016 |access-date=February 22, 2014 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Outstanding Variety–Series or Special | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |American Comedy Award |Best Alternative Comedy Series | {{Won}} |- |Comedy Actor – TV | {{Nom}} |- |Best Comedy Writing – TV | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |People's Choice Award<ref>{{Cite web |last=Toomey |first=Alyssa |date=November 4, 2014 |title=Jennifer Lawrence, Shailene Woodley and Robert Downey Jr. Among People's Choice Nominees, Plus Find Out Who's Hosting! |url=http://www.eonline.com/news/594634/jennifer-lawrence-shailene-woodley-and-robert-downey-jr-among-people-s-choice-nominees-plus-find-out-who-s-hosting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170114052433/http://www.eonline.com/news/594634/jennifer-lawrence-shailene-woodley-and-robert-downey-jr-among-people-s-choice-nominees-plus-find-out-who-s-hosting |archive-date=January 14, 2017 |access-date=November 8, 2014 |website=E! Online}}</ref> |Favorite Sketch Comedy TV Show | {{Nom}} |- |NAACP Image Award | rowspan="2" |Outstanding Comedy Series | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2016 | rowspan="2" |NAACP Image Awards | {{Nom}} |- |Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="55" |2017 | rowspan="2" |MTV Movie &amp;amp; TV Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Crystal |date=April 8, 2017 |title=HERE ARE YOUR 2017 MTV MOVIE & TV AWARDS NOMINATIONS: SEE THE FULL LIST |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/3000426/2017-mtv-movie-tv-awards-nominations/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407052512/http://www.mtv.com/news/3000426/2017-mtv-movie-tv-awards-nominations/ |archive-date=April 7, 2017 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |publisher=[[MTV]]}}</ref> |Movie of the Year | rowspan="69" |''Get Out'' | {{Nom}} |- |Best Fight Against the System | {{Nom}} |- |Capri Hollywood International Film Festival<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hipes |first=Patrick |date=2018-01-02 |title=Capri, Hollywood Festival Names ‘Get Out’ Its Best Picture |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/capri-hollywood-film-festival-2017-winners-list-1202234443/ |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Imagine Film Festival<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-04-23 |title=Imagine 2017 Review: GET OUT |url=https://screenanarchy.com/2017/04/imagine-2017-get-out-review.html |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=ScreenAnarchy}}</ref> |Silver Scream Award | {{Won}} |- |BET Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vulpo |first=Mike |date=June 25, 2017 |title=BET Awards 2017 Winners: The Complete List |url=http://www.eonline.com/uk/news/862023/bet-awards-2017-winners-the-complete-list |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[E!]]}}</ref> |Best Movie | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |Gotham Independent Film Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Alessandro |first=Anthony |date=October 19, 2017 |title='Get Out' Tops IFP Gotham Awards Nominations; 'Mudbound' Voted Special Jury Award |url=https://deadline.com/2017/10/jordan-peele-get-out-the-florida-project-mudbound-ifp-gotham-awards-1202191145/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best Feature | {{Won}} |- |Bingham Ray Breakthrough Director Award | {{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Audience Awards | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |Detroit Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 4, 2017 |title=The 2017 Detroit Film Critics Society Awards Nominations |url=http://detroitfilmcritics.com/the-2017-detroit-film-critics-society-awards-nominations/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Detroit Film Critics Society]]}}</ref> |Best Film |{{Nom}} |- |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |Best Breakthrough | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2017 |title=The 2017 WAFCA Awards |url=http://www.wafca.com/awards/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602090138/http://www.wafca.com/awards/index.htm |archive-date=June 2, 2023 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Boston Society of Film Critics<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2017 |title=Boston Society of Film Critics Awards 2017 Winners |url=http://www.bostonfilmcritics.org/current-winners |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213104846/http://www.bostonfilmcritics.org/current-winners |archive-date=December 13, 2017 |access-date=December 10, 2017 |website=[[Boston Society of Film Critics Awards]]}}</ref> |Best New Filmmaker | {{Won}} |- |British Independent Film Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tartaglione |first=Nancy |date=November 1, 2017 |title='Lady Macbeth' Leads British Independent Film Awards Nominations – Full List |url=https://deadline.com/2017/11/british-independent-film-awards-nominations-2017-bifas-full-list-lady-macbeth-three-billboards-1202199080/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best International Independent Film | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |New York Film Critics Online<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nordyke |first=Kimberly |date=December 10, 2017 |title='The Florida Project,' 'Mudbound' Voted Best Picture by New York Film Critics Online |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/florida-project-mudbound-voted-best-picture-by-new-york-film-critics-online-1066072 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Top Ten Films | {{Won}} |- |Best Debut as Director | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |San Francisco Film Critics Circle<ref>{{Cite web |last=Neglia |first=Matt |date=December 8, 2017 |title=The 2017 San Francisco Film Critics Circle (SFFCC) Nominations |url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2017-san-francisco-film-critics-circle-sffcc-nominations/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=Next Best Picture}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |Toronto Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vlessing |first=Etan |date=December 10, 2017 |title='The Florida Project' Named Best Film by Toronto Film Critics |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/toronto-film-critics-association-winners-2017-1066056 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Best First Feature | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |San Diego Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Rebecca |date=December 9, 2017 |title=San Diego Film Critics 2017 Nominees: 'Three Billboards,' 'Shape of Water,' and 'Dunkirk' Top the List |url=https://www.showbizjunkies.com/news/san-diego-film-critics-2017-nominees/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=Showbiz Junkies}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |African-American Film Critics Association |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Top Ten Films | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Chicago Film Critics Association |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Most Promising Filmmaker | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jorgenson |first=Todd |date=December 13, 2017 |title=DFW Film Critics Name 'The Shape of Water' Best Picture of 2017 |url=http://dfwcritics.com/dfw-film-critics-name-the-shape-of-water-best-picture-of-2017/ |access-date=December 13, 2017 |website=[[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{draw|5th Place}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|5th Place}} |- | rowspan="4" |Dublin Film Critics' Circle<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 14, 2017 |title=The critics have spoken – Dublin Film Critics Circle Awards announced for 2017 |url=https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/movies/movie-news/the-critics-have-spoken-dublin-film-critics-circle-awards-announced-for-2017-36405841.html |access-date=December 14, 2017 |website=[[The Irish Independent]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{draw|2nd Place}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|3rd Place}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Breakthrough Artist of the Year | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |St. Louis Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2017 |title=2017 StLFCA Annual Award Nominees |url=http://www.stlfilmcritics.org/awards |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212162611/http://www.stlfilmcritics.org/awards |archive-date=December 12, 2017 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |publisher=[[St. Louis Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |Seattle Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2017 |title='Blade Runner 2049' Leads the 2017 Seattle Film Critics Society Nominations |url=http://seattlefilmcritics.com/ |access-date=December 11, 2017 |website=[[Seattle Film Critics Society]]}}</ref> |Best Picture of the Year | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |Florida Film Critics Circle |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Best First Film | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Online Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hipes |first=Patrick |date=December 28, 2017 |title='Get Out' Named Best Picture By Online Film Critics Society |url=https://deadline.com/2017/12/online-film-critics-society-awards-2017-movies-get-out-1202233341/ |access-date=December 28, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|Runner-up}}{{efn|Tied with [[Guillermo del Toro]] for ''[[The Shape of Water]]''.}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="14" |2018 |AACTA International Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Donnelly |first=Matt |date=December 12, 2017 |title='Call Me by Your Name,' 'Lady Bird' Top Australian Academy Award Nominees |url=https://www.thewrap.com/call-name-lady-bird-top-australian-academy-award-nominees/ |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[TheWrap]]}}</ref> |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |National Board of Review |Best Directorial Debut |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Critics' Choice Awards |Best Sci-Fi/Horror Movie |{{Won}} |- |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards |Best Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |London Film Critics' Circle Awards |Screenwriter of the Year |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Satellite Awards |Best Director |{{Won}} |- |Best Original Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |Independent Spirit Awards |Best Feature |{{Won}} |- |Best Director |{{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="6" |Saturn Awards |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |Best Director | rowspan="2" |''Us'' |{{Won}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2022 |Best Director | rowspan="2" |''Nope'' |{{Nom}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- |} A cikin 2020, an ba shi suna Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Awards 'Monster Kid of the Year . <ref name="18th Annual Rondos">{{Cite web |last=Colton |first=David |date=April 6, 2020 |title=Here Are the Winners of the (Gasp!) 18th Annual Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Awards |url=https://rondoaward.com/rondoaward.com/blog/?p=1010 |website=RondoAward.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == 5ff9oc898vx34gqpl2dkn5danatzmtw 961708 961707 2026-10-02T06:06:22Z Baffa ali 47435 961708 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} Fitaccen ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka, marubuci, kuma darakta Jordan Peele ya sami kyaututtuka da naɗi iri-iri saboda aikinsa. An zaɓi Jordan Peele a cikin jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo takwas na Emmy Award na Primetime, ciki har da bakwai na shirin zane-zane na Comedy Central ''Key da Peele'' wanda ya gudana daga 2012 zuwa 2015. Shi da Keegan-Michael Key sun lashe kyautar Primetime Emmy Award don Outstanding Variety Sketch Series a shekarar 2016. Peele ya kuma sami yabo mai zafi saboda fim ɗinsa na farko da ya shirya, fim ɗin ban tsoro mai ban dariya, ''Get Out'' (2017) wanda ya sami zaɓen Oscar uku don Mafi Kyawun Fim, Mafi Kyawun Darakta, da Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Farko, wanda daga baya ya lashe shi. Ya kuma sami kyautar British Academy Film Award, Golden Globe Award, da kuma kyautar Screen Actors Guild Award . == Manyan ƙungiyoyi == === Kyaututtukan Kwalejin === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi Kyawun Hoto | rowspan="3" | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="3" |<ref name="Oscars 18">{{Cite web |last=Barnes |first=Brooks |date=January 23, 2018 |title=2018 Oscar Nominations: 'The Shape of Water' Leads With 13 Nominations |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/movies/oscar-nominations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225033656/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/movies/oscar-nominations.html |archive-date=February 25, 2019 |access-date=January 23, 2018 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> |- | Mafi kyawun Darakta |{{Nom}} |- | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali |{{Won}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Mafi Kyawun Hoto | ''BlackKkKlansman''| {{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Melas |first=Chloe |date=February 24, 2019 |title=Oscars winners 2019: See the full list of winners |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/24/entertainment/oscars-winners-2019-list/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225033656/https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/24/entertainment/oscars-winners-2019-list/index.html |archive-date=February 25, 2019 |access-date=February 24, 2019 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> |- |} === Kyaututtukan Fina-finai na Kwalejin Burtaniya === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=January 8, 2018 |title=BAFTA Awards: 'Shape of Water,' 'Three Billboards,' 'Darkest Hour' Lead Pack of Nominations |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/bafta-2018-complete-list-nominations-1067881 |access-date=January 8, 2018 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Fim Mafi Kyau | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pond |first=Steve |date=10 February 2019 |title=BAFTA Awards 2019: 'The Favourite' Dominates, But 'Roma' Wins the Big One |url=https://www.thewrap.com/roma-wins-bafta-awards-winners-list/ |access-date=10 February 2019 |website=[[The Wrap]]}}</ref> |- |} === Kyaututtukan Britannia === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | colspan="2" | Kyautar John Schlesinger ta Britannia don ƙwarewa a fannin jagoranci|{{Won}} | |} === Kyaututtukan Emmy na Farko === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2008 | Kiɗan Asali da Kalmomi | ''MADtv'' ("Sad Fitty Cent")|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 17, 2008 |title=Complete List of Nominees for 2008 Emmys |url=http://m.eonline.com/news/3139/complete-list-of-nominees-for-2008-emmys |access-date=September 27, 2014 |website=E!}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2014 | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban | rowspan="3" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 10, 2014 |title=2014 Emmy Nominations: 'Breaking Bad,' 'True Detective' Among the Honored |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/11/arts/television/2014-emmy-nominations-game-of-thrones-true-detective-among-the-honored.html?_r=0 |access-date=July 10, 2014 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> |- | rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 2015 | Fitattun Zane-zane Iri-iri|{{Nom}} | rowspan="4" | <ref name="Emmys 15">{{Cite web |date=September 20, 2015 |title=Emmy Awards: The Complete Winners List |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/emmy-winners-2015-complete-results-825450/item/lead-actor-a-drama-series-825568 |access-date=September 23, 2015 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban |{{Nom}} |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Musamman Na Musamman | ''Babban Kwano na Musamman na Key da Peele Super Bowl'' |{{Nom}} |- | Shirin Nishaɗi Kai Tsaye Mai Kyau Na Gajeren Tsarin Nishaɗi | ''Key da Peele Sun Gabatar: Hawan Sama'' |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2016 | Fitattun Zane-zane Iri-iri | rowspan="2" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Won}} | rowspan="2" | <ref name="Emmys 16">{{Cite web |last=Lewis |first=Dave |date=July 14, 2016 |title=Nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-emmys-2016-nominees-winners-list-20160714-snap-story.html |access-date=July 14, 2016 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban|{{Nom}} |- |} === Kyaututtukan Zinare na Duniya === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Fim - Waƙa ko Barkwanci | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Get Out |url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/film/get-out |access-date=October 11, 2019 |website=goldenglobes.com |publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]]}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Fim - Wasan Kwaikwayo | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-09 |title=EE British Academy Film Awards Winners in 2019 |url=https://www.bafta.org/film/awards/ee-british-academy-film-awards-nominees-winners-2019 |access-date=2023-07-01 |website=www.bafta.org |language=en}}</ref> |- |} == Kyaututtukan Ƙungiya == === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Marubuta === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Rukuni" ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2013 | Mafi kyawun Barkwanci/Ire-iren Barkwanci (Har da Magana) – Jerin | rowspan="2" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''| {{Nom}} | |- | 2016 | Mafi kyawun Barkwanci/Ire-iren - Jerin Zane|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 13, 2016 |title='The Big Short' and 'Spotlight' Win Writers Guild Awards: Complete Winners List |url=https://www.thewrap.com/writers-guild-awards-the-winners-list-updating-live/ |access-date=February 27, 2016 |website=[[TheWrap]]}}</ref> |- | 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali | ''Fita''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lewis |first=Hilary |date=January 4, 2018 |title=WGA Awards: 'Get Out,' 'Logan,' 'The Big Sick' Among Film Nominations |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/2018-wga-awards-movies-doc-nominations-revealed-1071581 |access-date=January 4, 2018 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> |- | 2023 | ''A'a''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 Writers Guild Awards Winners & Nominees |url=https://awards.wga.org/awards/nominees-winners |access-date=2023-07-01 |website=awards.wga.org |language=en}}</ref> |} === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Daraktoci === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | Darakta Mai Kyau - Fim ɗin Fim | rowspan="2" | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" | <ref name="DGA">{{Cite web |last=Hammond |first=Pete |date=January 11, 2018 |title=DGA Awards Nominees: 'Shape Of Water', 'Lady Bird', 'Dunkirk', 'Three Billboards', 'Get Out' |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/directors-guild-2018-nominees-list-dga-awards-1202240828/ |access-date=January 19, 2018 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | Darakta Mai Kyau - Fim ɗin Fim Na Farko |{{Won}} |- |} === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Masu Shiryawa === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Wasan Kwaikwayo | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=January 5, 2018 |title=PGA Awards Film & TV Nominations Unveiled |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/pga-awards-nominations-2018-1202236312/ |access-date=January 5, 2018 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |- | 2019 | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} | |- |} === Kyaututtukan Ƙungiyar 'Yan Wasan Kwaikwayo === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2016 | Fim ɗin da ya yi fice a cikin jerin barkwanci | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |title=The 22nd Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards |url=http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/22nd-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222190025/http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/22nd-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |access-date=February 8, 2016 |publisher=[[Screen Actors Guild Awards]]}}</ref> |- |} == Sauran kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Award !Category !Work !Result |- |2013 | colspan="2" |{{Center|[[Peabody Award]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peabodyawards.com/stories/story/2013-peabody-winners|title=The Peabody Awards|date=2 April 2014 |publisher=[[Peabody Award]]s|accessdate=May 9, 2016|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508204320/http://peabodyawards.com/stories/story/2013-peabody-winners|archivedate=May 8, 2016}}</ref>}} | rowspan="9" |''Key &amp;amp; Peele'' | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |2014 |NAACP Image Award<ref name="THRNIA45">{{Cite web |last=Couch |first=Aaron |last2=Washington |first2=Arlene |date=February 22, 2014 |title=NAACP Image Awards: The Winners |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-682585 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313195908/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-682585 |archive-date=March 13, 2016 |access-date=February 22, 2014 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Outstanding Variety–Series or Special | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |American Comedy Award |Best Alternative Comedy Series | {{Won}} |- |Comedy Actor – TV | {{Nom}} |- |Best Comedy Writing – TV | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |People's Choice Award<ref>{{Cite web |last=Toomey |first=Alyssa |date=November 4, 2014 |title=Jennifer Lawrence, Shailene Woodley and Robert Downey Jr. Among People's Choice Nominees, Plus Find Out Who's Hosting! |url=http://www.eonline.com/news/594634/jennifer-lawrence-shailene-woodley-and-robert-downey-jr-among-people-s-choice-nominees-plus-find-out-who-s-hosting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170114052433/http://www.eonline.com/news/594634/jennifer-lawrence-shailene-woodley-and-robert-downey-jr-among-people-s-choice-nominees-plus-find-out-who-s-hosting |archive-date=January 14, 2017 |access-date=November 8, 2014 |website=E! Online}}</ref> |Favorite Sketch Comedy TV Show | {{Nom}} |- |NAACP Image Award | rowspan="2" |Outstanding Comedy Series | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2016 | rowspan="2" |NAACP Image Awards | {{Nom}} |- |Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="55" |2017 | rowspan="2" |MTV Movie &amp;amp; TV Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Crystal |date=April 8, 2017 |title=HERE ARE YOUR 2017 MTV MOVIE & TV AWARDS NOMINATIONS: SEE THE FULL LIST |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/3000426/2017-mtv-movie-tv-awards-nominations/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407052512/http://www.mtv.com/news/3000426/2017-mtv-movie-tv-awards-nominations/ |archive-date=April 7, 2017 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |publisher=[[MTV]]}}</ref> |Movie of the Year | rowspan="69" |''Get Out'' | {{Nom}} |- |Best Fight Against the System | {{Nom}} |- |Capri Hollywood International Film Festival<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hipes |first=Patrick |date=2018-01-02 |title=Capri, Hollywood Festival Names ‘Get Out’ Its Best Picture |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/capri-hollywood-film-festival-2017-winners-list-1202234443/ |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Imagine Film Festival<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-04-23 |title=Imagine 2017 Review: GET OUT |url=https://screenanarchy.com/2017/04/imagine-2017-get-out-review.html |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=ScreenAnarchy}}</ref> |Silver Scream Award | {{Won}} |- |BET Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vulpo |first=Mike |date=June 25, 2017 |title=BET Awards 2017 Winners: The Complete List |url=http://www.eonline.com/uk/news/862023/bet-awards-2017-winners-the-complete-list |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[E!]]}}</ref> |Best Movie | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |Gotham Independent Film Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Alessandro |first=Anthony |date=October 19, 2017 |title='Get Out' Tops IFP Gotham Awards Nominations; 'Mudbound' Voted Special Jury Award |url=https://deadline.com/2017/10/jordan-peele-get-out-the-florida-project-mudbound-ifp-gotham-awards-1202191145/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best Feature | {{Won}} |- |Bingham Ray Breakthrough Director Award | {{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Audience Awards | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |Detroit Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 4, 2017 |title=The 2017 Detroit Film Critics Society Awards Nominations |url=http://detroitfilmcritics.com/the-2017-detroit-film-critics-society-awards-nominations/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Detroit Film Critics Society]]}}</ref> |Best Film |{{Nom}} |- |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |Best Breakthrough | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2017 |title=The 2017 WAFCA Awards |url=http://www.wafca.com/awards/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602090138/http://www.wafca.com/awards/index.htm |archive-date=June 2, 2023 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Boston Society of Film Critics<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2017 |title=Boston Society of Film Critics Awards 2017 Winners |url=http://www.bostonfilmcritics.org/current-winners |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213104846/http://www.bostonfilmcritics.org/current-winners |archive-date=December 13, 2017 |access-date=December 10, 2017 |website=[[Boston Society of Film Critics Awards]]}}</ref> |Best New Filmmaker | {{Won}} |- |British Independent Film Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tartaglione |first=Nancy |date=November 1, 2017 |title='Lady Macbeth' Leads British Independent Film Awards Nominations – Full List |url=https://deadline.com/2017/11/british-independent-film-awards-nominations-2017-bifas-full-list-lady-macbeth-three-billboards-1202199080/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best International Independent Film | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |New York Film Critics Online<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nordyke |first=Kimberly |date=December 10, 2017 |title='The Florida Project,' 'Mudbound' Voted Best Picture by New York Film Critics Online |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/florida-project-mudbound-voted-best-picture-by-new-york-film-critics-online-1066072 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Top Ten Films | {{Won}} |- |Best Debut as Director | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |San Francisco Film Critics Circle<ref>{{Cite web |last=Neglia |first=Matt |date=December 8, 2017 |title=The 2017 San Francisco Film Critics Circle (SFFCC) Nominations |url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2017-san-francisco-film-critics-circle-sffcc-nominations/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=Next Best Picture}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |Toronto Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vlessing |first=Etan |date=December 10, 2017 |title='The Florida Project' Named Best Film by Toronto Film Critics |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/toronto-film-critics-association-winners-2017-1066056 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Best First Feature | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |San Diego Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Rebecca |date=December 9, 2017 |title=San Diego Film Critics 2017 Nominees: 'Three Billboards,' 'Shape of Water,' and 'Dunkirk' Top the List |url=https://www.showbizjunkies.com/news/san-diego-film-critics-2017-nominees/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=Showbiz Junkies}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |African-American Film Critics Association |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Top Ten Films | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Chicago Film Critics Association |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Most Promising Filmmaker | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jorgenson |first=Todd |date=December 13, 2017 |title=DFW Film Critics Name 'The Shape of Water' Best Picture of 2017 |url=http://dfwcritics.com/dfw-film-critics-name-the-shape-of-water-best-picture-of-2017/ |access-date=December 13, 2017 |website=[[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{draw|5th Place}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|5th Place}} |- | rowspan="4" |Dublin Film Critics' Circle<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 14, 2017 |title=The critics have spoken – Dublin Film Critics Circle Awards announced for 2017 |url=https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/movies/movie-news/the-critics-have-spoken-dublin-film-critics-circle-awards-announced-for-2017-36405841.html |access-date=December 14, 2017 |website=[[The Irish Independent]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{draw|2nd Place}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|3rd Place}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Breakthrough Artist of the Year | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |St. Louis Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2017 |title=2017 StLFCA Annual Award Nominees |url=http://www.stlfilmcritics.org/awards |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212162611/http://www.stlfilmcritics.org/awards |archive-date=December 12, 2017 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |publisher=[[St. Louis Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |Seattle Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2017 |title='Blade Runner 2049' Leads the 2017 Seattle Film Critics Society Nominations |url=http://seattlefilmcritics.com/ |access-date=December 11, 2017 |website=[[Seattle Film Critics Society]]}}</ref> |Best Picture of the Year | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |Florida Film Critics Circle |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Best First Film | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Online Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hipes |first=Patrick |date=December 28, 2017 |title='Get Out' Named Best Picture By Online Film Critics Society |url=https://deadline.com/2017/12/online-film-critics-society-awards-2017-movies-get-out-1202233341/ |access-date=December 28, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|Runner-up}}{{efn|Tied with [[Guillermo del Toro]] for ''[[The Shape of Water]]''.}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="14" |2018 |AACTA International Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Donnelly |first=Matt |date=December 12, 2017 |title='Call Me by Your Name,' 'Lady Bird' Top Australian Academy Award Nominees |url=https://www.thewrap.com/call-name-lady-bird-top-australian-academy-award-nominees/ |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[TheWrap]]}}</ref> |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |National Board of Review |Best Directorial Debut |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Critics' Choice Awards |Best Sci-Fi/Horror Movie |{{Won}} |- |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards |Best Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |London Film Critics' Circle Awards |Screenwriter of the Year |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Satellite Awards |Best Director |{{Won}} |- |Best Original Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |Independent Spirit Awards |Best Feature |{{Won}} |- |Best Director |{{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="6" |Saturn Awards |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |Best Director | rowspan="2" |''Us'' |{{Won}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2022 |Best Director | rowspan="2" |''Nope'' |{{Nom}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- |} A cikin 2020, an ba shi suna Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Awards 'Monster Kid of the Year . <ref name="18th Annual Rondos">{{Cite web |last=Colton |first=David |date=April 6, 2020 |title=Here Are the Winners of the (Gasp!) 18th Annual Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Awards |url=https://rondoaward.com/rondoaward.com/blog/?p=1010 |website=RondoAward.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == quwila0vu90x3nobdm2geh7pizknu01 961709 961708 2026-10-02T06:08:33Z Baffa ali 47435 961709 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} Fitaccen ɗan wasan kwaikwa na Amurka, marubuci, kuma darakta [[Jordan Peele]] ya sami kyaututtuka da naɗi iri-iri saboda aikinsa. An zaɓi Jordan Peele a cikin jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo takwas na Emmy Award na Primetime, ciki har da bakwai na shirin zane-zane na Comedy Central ''Key da Peele'' wanda ya gudana daga 2012 zuwa 2015. Shi da Keegan-Michael Key sun lashe kyautar Primetime Emmy Award don Outstanding Variety Sketch Series a shekarar 2016. Peele ya kuma sami yabo mai zafi saboda fim ɗinsa na farko da ya shirya, fim ɗin ban tsoro mai ban dariya, ''Get Out'' (2017) wanda ya sami zaɓen Oscar uku don Mafi Kyawun Fim, Mafi Kyawun Darakta, da Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Farko, wanda daga baya ya lashe shi. Ya kuma sami kyautar British Academy Film Award, Golden Globe Award, da kuma kyautar Screen Actors Guild Award . == Manyan ƙungiyoyi == === Kyaututtukan Kwalejin === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi Kyawun Hoto | rowspan="3" | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="3" |<ref name="Oscars 18">{{Cite web |last=Barnes |first=Brooks |date=January 23, 2018 |title=2018 Oscar Nominations: 'The Shape of Water' Leads With 13 Nominations |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/movies/oscar-nominations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225033656/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/movies/oscar-nominations.html |archive-date=February 25, 2019 |access-date=January 23, 2018 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> |- | Mafi kyawun Darakta |{{Nom}} |- | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali |{{Won}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Mafi Kyawun Hoto | ''BlackKkKlansman''| {{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Melas |first=Chloe |date=February 24, 2019 |title=Oscars winners 2019: See the full list of winners |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/24/entertainment/oscars-winners-2019-list/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225033656/https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/24/entertainment/oscars-winners-2019-list/index.html |archive-date=February 25, 2019 |access-date=February 24, 2019 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> |- |} === Kyaututtukan Fina-finai na Kwalejin Burtaniya === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=January 8, 2018 |title=BAFTA Awards: 'Shape of Water,' 'Three Billboards,' 'Darkest Hour' Lead Pack of Nominations |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/bafta-2018-complete-list-nominations-1067881 |access-date=January 8, 2018 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Fim Mafi Kyau | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pond |first=Steve |date=10 February 2019 |title=BAFTA Awards 2019: 'The Favourite' Dominates, But 'Roma' Wins the Big One |url=https://www.thewrap.com/roma-wins-bafta-awards-winners-list/ |access-date=10 February 2019 |website=[[The Wrap]]}}</ref> |- |} === Kyaututtukan Britannia === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | colspan="2" | Kyautar John Schlesinger ta Britannia don ƙwarewa a fannin jagoranci|{{Won}} | |} === Kyaututtukan Emmy na Farko === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2008 | Kiɗan Asali da Kalmomi | ''MADtv'' ("Sad Fitty Cent")|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 17, 2008 |title=Complete List of Nominees for 2008 Emmys |url=http://m.eonline.com/news/3139/complete-list-of-nominees-for-2008-emmys |access-date=September 27, 2014 |website=E!}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2014 | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban | rowspan="3" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 10, 2014 |title=2014 Emmy Nominations: 'Breaking Bad,' 'True Detective' Among the Honored |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/11/arts/television/2014-emmy-nominations-game-of-thrones-true-detective-among-the-honored.html?_r=0 |access-date=July 10, 2014 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> |- | rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 2015 | Fitattun Zane-zane Iri-iri|{{Nom}} | rowspan="4" | <ref name="Emmys 15">{{Cite web |date=September 20, 2015 |title=Emmy Awards: The Complete Winners List |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/emmy-winners-2015-complete-results-825450/item/lead-actor-a-drama-series-825568 |access-date=September 23, 2015 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban |{{Nom}} |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Musamman Na Musamman | ''Babban Kwano na Musamman na Key da Peele Super Bowl'' |{{Nom}} |- | Shirin Nishaɗi Kai Tsaye Mai Kyau Na Gajeren Tsarin Nishaɗi | ''Key da Peele Sun Gabatar: Hawan Sama'' |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2016 | Fitattun Zane-zane Iri-iri | rowspan="2" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Won}} | rowspan="2" | <ref name="Emmys 16">{{Cite web |last=Lewis |first=Dave |date=July 14, 2016 |title=Nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-emmys-2016-nominees-winners-list-20160714-snap-story.html |access-date=July 14, 2016 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban|{{Nom}} |- |} === Kyaututtukan Zinare na Duniya === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Fim - Waƙa ko Barkwanci | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Get Out |url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/film/get-out |access-date=October 11, 2019 |website=goldenglobes.com |publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]]}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Fim - Wasan Kwaikwayo | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-09 |title=EE British Academy Film Awards Winners in 2019 |url=https://www.bafta.org/film/awards/ee-british-academy-film-awards-nominees-winners-2019 |access-date=2023-07-01 |website=www.bafta.org |language=en}}</ref> |- |} == Kyaututtukan Ƙungiya == === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Marubuta === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Rukuni" ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2013 | Mafi kyawun Barkwanci/Ire-iren Barkwanci (Har da Magana) – Jerin | rowspan="2" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''| {{Nom}} | |- | 2016 | Mafi kyawun Barkwanci/Ire-iren - Jerin Zane|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 13, 2016 |title='The Big Short' and 'Spotlight' Win Writers Guild Awards: Complete Winners List |url=https://www.thewrap.com/writers-guild-awards-the-winners-list-updating-live/ |access-date=February 27, 2016 |website=[[TheWrap]]}}</ref> |- | 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali | ''Fita''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lewis |first=Hilary |date=January 4, 2018 |title=WGA Awards: 'Get Out,' 'Logan,' 'The Big Sick' Among Film Nominations |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/2018-wga-awards-movies-doc-nominations-revealed-1071581 |access-date=January 4, 2018 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> |- | 2023 | ''A'a''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 Writers Guild Awards Winners & Nominees |url=https://awards.wga.org/awards/nominees-winners |access-date=2023-07-01 |website=awards.wga.org |language=en}}</ref> |} === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Daraktoci === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | Darakta Mai Kyau - Fim ɗin Fim | rowspan="2" | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" | <ref name="DGA">{{Cite web |last=Hammond |first=Pete |date=January 11, 2018 |title=DGA Awards Nominees: 'Shape Of Water', 'Lady Bird', 'Dunkirk', 'Three Billboards', 'Get Out' |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/directors-guild-2018-nominees-list-dga-awards-1202240828/ |access-date=January 19, 2018 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | Darakta Mai Kyau - Fim ɗin Fim Na Farko |{{Won}} |- |} === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Masu Shiryawa === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Wasan Kwaikwayo | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=January 5, 2018 |title=PGA Awards Film & TV Nominations Unveiled |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/pga-awards-nominations-2018-1202236312/ |access-date=January 5, 2018 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |- | 2019 | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} | |- |} === Kyaututtukan Ƙungiyar 'Yan Wasan Kwaikwayo === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2016 | Fim ɗin da ya yi fice a cikin jerin barkwanci | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |title=The 22nd Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards |url=http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/22nd-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222190025/http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/22nd-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |access-date=February 8, 2016 |publisher=[[Screen Actors Guild Awards]]}}</ref> |- |} == Sauran kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Award !Category !Work !Result |- |2013 | colspan="2" |{{Center|[[Peabody Award]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peabodyawards.com/stories/story/2013-peabody-winners|title=The Peabody Awards|date=2 April 2014 |publisher=[[Peabody Award]]s|accessdate=May 9, 2016|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508204320/http://peabodyawards.com/stories/story/2013-peabody-winners|archivedate=May 8, 2016}}</ref>}} | rowspan="9" |''Key &amp;amp; Peele'' | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |2014 |NAACP Image Award<ref name="THRNIA45">{{Cite web |last=Couch |first=Aaron |last2=Washington |first2=Arlene |date=February 22, 2014 |title=NAACP Image Awards: The Winners |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-682585 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313195908/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-682585 |archive-date=March 13, 2016 |access-date=February 22, 2014 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Outstanding Variety–Series or Special | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |American Comedy Award |Best Alternative Comedy Series | {{Won}} |- |Comedy Actor – TV | {{Nom}} |- |Best Comedy Writing – TV | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |People's Choice Award<ref>{{Cite web |last=Toomey |first=Alyssa |date=November 4, 2014 |title=Jennifer Lawrence, Shailene Woodley and Robert Downey Jr. Among People's Choice Nominees, Plus Find Out Who's Hosting! |url=http://www.eonline.com/news/594634/jennifer-lawrence-shailene-woodley-and-robert-downey-jr-among-people-s-choice-nominees-plus-find-out-who-s-hosting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170114052433/http://www.eonline.com/news/594634/jennifer-lawrence-shailene-woodley-and-robert-downey-jr-among-people-s-choice-nominees-plus-find-out-who-s-hosting |archive-date=January 14, 2017 |access-date=November 8, 2014 |website=E! Online}}</ref> |Favorite Sketch Comedy TV Show | {{Nom}} |- |NAACP Image Award | rowspan="2" |Outstanding Comedy Series | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2016 | rowspan="2" |NAACP Image Awards | {{Nom}} |- |Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="55" |2017 | rowspan="2" |MTV Movie &amp;amp; TV Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Crystal |date=April 8, 2017 |title=HERE ARE YOUR 2017 MTV MOVIE & TV AWARDS NOMINATIONS: SEE THE FULL LIST |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/3000426/2017-mtv-movie-tv-awards-nominations/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407052512/http://www.mtv.com/news/3000426/2017-mtv-movie-tv-awards-nominations/ |archive-date=April 7, 2017 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |publisher=[[MTV]]}}</ref> |Movie of the Year | rowspan="69" |''Get Out'' | {{Nom}} |- |Best Fight Against the System | {{Nom}} |- |Capri Hollywood International Film Festival<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hipes |first=Patrick |date=2018-01-02 |title=Capri, Hollywood Festival Names ‘Get Out’ Its Best Picture |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/capri-hollywood-film-festival-2017-winners-list-1202234443/ |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Imagine Film Festival<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-04-23 |title=Imagine 2017 Review: GET OUT |url=https://screenanarchy.com/2017/04/imagine-2017-get-out-review.html |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=ScreenAnarchy}}</ref> |Silver Scream Award | {{Won}} |- |BET Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vulpo |first=Mike |date=June 25, 2017 |title=BET Awards 2017 Winners: The Complete List |url=http://www.eonline.com/uk/news/862023/bet-awards-2017-winners-the-complete-list |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[E!]]}}</ref> |Best Movie | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |Gotham Independent Film Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Alessandro |first=Anthony |date=October 19, 2017 |title='Get Out' Tops IFP Gotham Awards Nominations; 'Mudbound' Voted Special Jury Award |url=https://deadline.com/2017/10/jordan-peele-get-out-the-florida-project-mudbound-ifp-gotham-awards-1202191145/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best Feature | {{Won}} |- |Bingham Ray Breakthrough Director Award | {{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Audience Awards | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |Detroit Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 4, 2017 |title=The 2017 Detroit Film Critics Society Awards Nominations |url=http://detroitfilmcritics.com/the-2017-detroit-film-critics-society-awards-nominations/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Detroit Film Critics Society]]}}</ref> |Best Film |{{Nom}} |- |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |Best Breakthrough | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2017 |title=The 2017 WAFCA Awards |url=http://www.wafca.com/awards/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602090138/http://www.wafca.com/awards/index.htm |archive-date=June 2, 2023 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Boston Society of Film Critics<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2017 |title=Boston Society of Film Critics Awards 2017 Winners |url=http://www.bostonfilmcritics.org/current-winners |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213104846/http://www.bostonfilmcritics.org/current-winners |archive-date=December 13, 2017 |access-date=December 10, 2017 |website=[[Boston Society of Film Critics Awards]]}}</ref> |Best New Filmmaker | {{Won}} |- |British Independent Film Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tartaglione |first=Nancy |date=November 1, 2017 |title='Lady Macbeth' Leads British Independent Film Awards Nominations – Full List |url=https://deadline.com/2017/11/british-independent-film-awards-nominations-2017-bifas-full-list-lady-macbeth-three-billboards-1202199080/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best International Independent Film | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |New York Film Critics Online<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nordyke |first=Kimberly |date=December 10, 2017 |title='The Florida Project,' 'Mudbound' Voted Best Picture by New York Film Critics Online |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/florida-project-mudbound-voted-best-picture-by-new-york-film-critics-online-1066072 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Top Ten Films | {{Won}} |- |Best Debut as Director | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |San Francisco Film Critics Circle<ref>{{Cite web |last=Neglia |first=Matt |date=December 8, 2017 |title=The 2017 San Francisco Film Critics Circle (SFFCC) Nominations |url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2017-san-francisco-film-critics-circle-sffcc-nominations/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=Next Best Picture}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |Toronto Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vlessing |first=Etan |date=December 10, 2017 |title='The Florida Project' Named Best Film by Toronto Film Critics |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/toronto-film-critics-association-winners-2017-1066056 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Best First Feature | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |San Diego Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Rebecca |date=December 9, 2017 |title=San Diego Film Critics 2017 Nominees: 'Three Billboards,' 'Shape of Water,' and 'Dunkirk' Top the List |url=https://www.showbizjunkies.com/news/san-diego-film-critics-2017-nominees/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=Showbiz Junkies}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |African-American Film Critics Association |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Top Ten Films | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Chicago Film Critics Association |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Most Promising Filmmaker | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jorgenson |first=Todd |date=December 13, 2017 |title=DFW Film Critics Name 'The Shape of Water' Best Picture of 2017 |url=http://dfwcritics.com/dfw-film-critics-name-the-shape-of-water-best-picture-of-2017/ |access-date=December 13, 2017 |website=[[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{draw|5th Place}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|5th Place}} |- | rowspan="4" |Dublin Film Critics' Circle<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 14, 2017 |title=The critics have spoken – Dublin Film Critics Circle Awards announced for 2017 |url=https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/movies/movie-news/the-critics-have-spoken-dublin-film-critics-circle-awards-announced-for-2017-36405841.html |access-date=December 14, 2017 |website=[[The Irish Independent]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{draw|2nd Place}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|3rd Place}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Breakthrough Artist of the Year | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |St. Louis Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2017 |title=2017 StLFCA Annual Award Nominees |url=http://www.stlfilmcritics.org/awards |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212162611/http://www.stlfilmcritics.org/awards |archive-date=December 12, 2017 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |publisher=[[St. Louis Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |Seattle Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2017 |title='Blade Runner 2049' Leads the 2017 Seattle Film Critics Society Nominations |url=http://seattlefilmcritics.com/ |access-date=December 11, 2017 |website=[[Seattle Film Critics Society]]}}</ref> |Best Picture of the Year | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |Florida Film Critics Circle |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Best First Film | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Online Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hipes |first=Patrick |date=December 28, 2017 |title='Get Out' Named Best Picture By Online Film Critics Society |url=https://deadline.com/2017/12/online-film-critics-society-awards-2017-movies-get-out-1202233341/ |access-date=December 28, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|Runner-up}}{{efn|Tied with [[Guillermo del Toro]] for ''[[The Shape of Water]]''.}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="14" |2018 |AACTA International Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Donnelly |first=Matt |date=December 12, 2017 |title='Call Me by Your Name,' 'Lady Bird' Top Australian Academy Award Nominees |url=https://www.thewrap.com/call-name-lady-bird-top-australian-academy-award-nominees/ |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[TheWrap]]}}</ref> |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |National Board of Review |Best Directorial Debut |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Critics' Choice Awards |Best Sci-Fi/Horror Movie |{{Won}} |- |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards |Best Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |London Film Critics' Circle Awards |Screenwriter of the Year |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Satellite Awards |Best Director |{{Won}} |- |Best Original Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |Independent Spirit Awards |Best Feature |{{Won}} |- |Best Director |{{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="6" |Saturn Awards |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |Best Director | rowspan="2" |''Us'' |{{Won}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2022 |Best Director | rowspan="2" |''Nope'' |{{Nom}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- |} A cikin 2020, an ba shi suna Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Awards 'Monster Kid of the Year . <ref name="18th Annual Rondos">{{Cite web |last=Colton |first=David |date=April 6, 2020 |title=Here Are the Winners of the (Gasp!) 18th Annual Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Awards |url=https://rondoaward.com/rondoaward.com/blog/?p=1010 |website=RondoAward.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == nyfjdfgw8dcj2b1rj9xnepuu2bfvjfr 961710 961709 2026-10-02T06:11:59Z Baffa ali 47435 961710 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} Fitaccen ɗan wasan kwaikwa na Amurka, marubuci, kuma darakta [[Jordan Peele]] ya sami kyaututtuka da naɗi iri-iri saboda aikinsa. An zaɓi Jordan Peele a cikin jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo takwas na Emmy Award na Primetime, ciki har da bakwai na shirin zane-zane na Comedy Central ''Key da Peele'' wanda ya gudana daga shekarar 2012 zuwa shekarar 2015. Shi da Keegan-Michael Key sun lashe kyautar Primetime Emmy Award don Outstanding Variety Sketch Series a shekarar 2016. Peele ya kuma sami yabo mai zafi saboda fim ɗinsa na farko da ya shirya, fim ɗin ban tsoro mai ban dariya, ''Get Out'' (2017) wanda ya sami zaɓen Oscar uku don Mafi Kyawun Fim, Mafi Kyawun Darakta, da Mafi Kyawun Rubutun Farko, wanda daga baya ya lashe shi. Ya kuma sami kyautar British Academy Film Award, Golden Globe Award, da kuma kyautar Screen Actors Guild Award . == Manyan ƙungiyoyi == === Kyaututtukan Kwalejin === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi Kyawun Hoto | rowspan="3" | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="3" |<ref name="Oscars 18">{{Cite web |last=Barnes |first=Brooks |date=January 23, 2018 |title=2018 Oscar Nominations: 'The Shape of Water' Leads With 13 Nominations |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/movies/oscar-nominations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225033656/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/23/movies/oscar-nominations.html |archive-date=February 25, 2019 |access-date=January 23, 2018 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> |- | Mafi kyawun Darakta |{{Nom}} |- | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali |{{Won}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Mafi Kyawun Hoto | ''BlackKkKlansman''| {{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Melas |first=Chloe |date=February 24, 2019 |title=Oscars winners 2019: See the full list of winners |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/24/entertainment/oscars-winners-2019-list/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225033656/https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/24/entertainment/oscars-winners-2019-list/index.html |archive-date=February 25, 2019 |access-date=February 24, 2019 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> |- |} === Kyaututtukan Fina-finai na Kwalejin Burtaniya === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=January 8, 2018 |title=BAFTA Awards: 'Shape of Water,' 'Three Billboards,' 'Darkest Hour' Lead Pack of Nominations |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/bafta-2018-complete-list-nominations-1067881 |access-date=January 8, 2018 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Fim Mafi Kyau | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pond |first=Steve |date=10 February 2019 |title=BAFTA Awards 2019: 'The Favourite' Dominates, But 'Roma' Wins the Big One |url=https://www.thewrap.com/roma-wins-bafta-awards-winners-list/ |access-date=10 February 2019 |website=[[The Wrap]]}}</ref> |- |} === Kyaututtukan Britannia === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | colspan="2" | Kyautar John Schlesinger ta Britannia don ƙwarewa a fannin jagoranci|{{Won}} | |} === Kyaututtukan Emmy na Farko === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2008 | Kiɗan Asali da Kalmomi | ''MADtv'' ("Sad Fitty Cent")|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 17, 2008 |title=Complete List of Nominees for 2008 Emmys |url=http://m.eonline.com/news/3139/complete-list-of-nominees-for-2008-emmys |access-date=September 27, 2014 |website=E!}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2014 | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban | rowspan="3" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 10, 2014 |title=2014 Emmy Nominations: 'Breaking Bad,' 'True Detective' Among the Honored |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/11/arts/television/2014-emmy-nominations-game-of-thrones-true-detective-among-the-honored.html?_r=0 |access-date=July 10, 2014 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> |- | rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 2015 | Fitattun Zane-zane Iri-iri|{{Nom}} | rowspan="4" | <ref name="Emmys 15">{{Cite web |date=September 20, 2015 |title=Emmy Awards: The Complete Winners List |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/emmy-winners-2015-complete-results-825450/item/lead-actor-a-drama-series-825568 |access-date=September 23, 2015 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban |{{Nom}} |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Musamman Na Musamman | ''Babban Kwano na Musamman na Key da Peele Super Bowl'' |{{Nom}} |- | Shirin Nishaɗi Kai Tsaye Mai Kyau Na Gajeren Tsarin Nishaɗi | ''Key da Peele Sun Gabatar: Hawan Sama'' |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2016 | Fitattun Zane-zane Iri-iri | rowspan="2" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Won}} | rowspan="2" | <ref name="Emmys 16">{{Cite web |last=Lewis |first=Dave |date=July 14, 2016 |title=Nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-emmys-2016-nominees-winners-list-20160714-snap-story.html |access-date=July 14, 2016 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> |- | Rubuce-rubuce Masu Kyau Don Jerin Daban-daban|{{Nom}} |- |} === Kyaututtukan Zinare na Duniya === {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" |Shekara ! scope="col" style="width:26em;" | Nau'i ! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | Aikin da aka zaɓa ! scope="col" style="width:5em;" | Sakamako ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2018 | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Fim - Waƙa ko Barkwanci | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Get Out |url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/film/get-out |access-date=October 11, 2019 |website=goldenglobes.com |publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]]}}</ref> |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2019 | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Fim - Wasan Kwaikwayo | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-09 |title=EE British Academy Film Awards Winners in 2019 |url=https://www.bafta.org/film/awards/ee-british-academy-film-awards-nominees-winners-2019 |access-date=2023-07-01 |website=www.bafta.org |language=en}}</ref> |- |} == Kyaututtukan Ƙungiya == === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Marubuta === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Rukuni" ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2013 | Mafi kyawun Barkwanci/Ire-iren Barkwanci (Har da Magana) – Jerin | rowspan="2" | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''| {{Nom}} | |- | 2016 | Mafi kyawun Barkwanci/Ire-iren - Jerin Zane|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 13, 2016 |title='The Big Short' and 'Spotlight' Win Writers Guild Awards: Complete Winners List |url=https://www.thewrap.com/writers-guild-awards-the-winners-list-updating-live/ |access-date=February 27, 2016 |website=[[TheWrap]]}}</ref> |- | 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo na Asali | ''Fita''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lewis |first=Hilary |date=January 4, 2018 |title=WGA Awards: 'Get Out,' 'Logan,' 'The Big Sick' Among Film Nominations |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/2018-wga-awards-movies-doc-nominations-revealed-1071581 |access-date=January 4, 2018 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> |- | 2023 | ''A'a''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 Writers Guild Awards Winners & Nominees |url=https://awards.wga.org/awards/nominees-winners |access-date=2023-07-01 |website=awards.wga.org |language=en}}</ref> |} === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Daraktoci === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | Darakta Mai Kyau - Fim ɗin Fim | rowspan="2" | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" | <ref name="DGA">{{Cite web |last=Hammond |first=Pete |date=January 11, 2018 |title=DGA Awards Nominees: 'Shape Of Water', 'Lady Bird', 'Dunkirk', 'Three Billboards', 'Get Out' |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/directors-guild-2018-nominees-list-dga-awards-1202240828/ |access-date=January 19, 2018 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | Darakta Mai Kyau - Fim ɗin Fim Na Farko |{{Won}} |- |} === Kyautar Ƙungiyar Masu Shiryawa === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2018 | rowspan="2" | Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Wasan Kwaikwayo | ''Fita''|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=January 5, 2018 |title=PGA Awards Film & TV Nominations Unveiled |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/pga-awards-nominations-2018-1202236312/ |access-date=January 5, 2018 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |- | 2019 | ''BlackKkKlansman''|{{Nom}} | |- |} === Kyaututtukan Ƙungiyar 'Yan Wasan Kwaikwayo === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Shekara ! Nau'i ! Aiki ! Sakamako ! class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | 2016 | Fim ɗin da ya yi fice a cikin jerin barkwanci | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele''|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web |title=The 22nd Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards |url=http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/22nd-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222190025/http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/22nd-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |access-date=February 8, 2016 |publisher=[[Screen Actors Guild Awards]]}}</ref> |- |} == Sauran kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Award !Category !Work !Result |- |2013 | colspan="2" |{{Center|[[Peabody Award]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peabodyawards.com/stories/story/2013-peabody-winners|title=The Peabody Awards|date=2 April 2014 |publisher=[[Peabody Award]]s|accessdate=May 9, 2016|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508204320/http://peabodyawards.com/stories/story/2013-peabody-winners|archivedate=May 8, 2016}}</ref>}} | rowspan="9" |''Key &amp;amp; Peele'' | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |2014 |NAACP Image Award<ref name="THRNIA45">{{Cite web |last=Couch |first=Aaron |last2=Washington |first2=Arlene |date=February 22, 2014 |title=NAACP Image Awards: The Winners |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-682585 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313195908/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/naacp-image-awards-winners-682585 |archive-date=March 13, 2016 |access-date=February 22, 2014 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Outstanding Variety–Series or Special | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |American Comedy Award |Best Alternative Comedy Series | {{Won}} |- |Comedy Actor – TV | {{Nom}} |- |Best Comedy Writing – TV | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |People's Choice Award<ref>{{Cite web |last=Toomey |first=Alyssa |date=November 4, 2014 |title=Jennifer Lawrence, Shailene Woodley and Robert Downey Jr. Among People's Choice Nominees, Plus Find Out Who's Hosting! |url=http://www.eonline.com/news/594634/jennifer-lawrence-shailene-woodley-and-robert-downey-jr-among-people-s-choice-nominees-plus-find-out-who-s-hosting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170114052433/http://www.eonline.com/news/594634/jennifer-lawrence-shailene-woodley-and-robert-downey-jr-among-people-s-choice-nominees-plus-find-out-who-s-hosting |archive-date=January 14, 2017 |access-date=November 8, 2014 |website=E! Online}}</ref> |Favorite Sketch Comedy TV Show | {{Nom}} |- |NAACP Image Award | rowspan="2" |Outstanding Comedy Series | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2016 | rowspan="2" |NAACP Image Awards | {{Nom}} |- |Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="55" |2017 | rowspan="2" |MTV Movie &amp;amp; TV Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Crystal |date=April 8, 2017 |title=HERE ARE YOUR 2017 MTV MOVIE & TV AWARDS NOMINATIONS: SEE THE FULL LIST |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/3000426/2017-mtv-movie-tv-awards-nominations/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407052512/http://www.mtv.com/news/3000426/2017-mtv-movie-tv-awards-nominations/ |archive-date=April 7, 2017 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |publisher=[[MTV]]}}</ref> |Movie of the Year | rowspan="69" |''Get Out'' | {{Nom}} |- |Best Fight Against the System | {{Nom}} |- |Capri Hollywood International Film Festival<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hipes |first=Patrick |date=2018-01-02 |title=Capri, Hollywood Festival Names ‘Get Out’ Its Best Picture |url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/capri-hollywood-film-festival-2017-winners-list-1202234443/ |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Imagine Film Festival<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-04-23 |title=Imagine 2017 Review: GET OUT |url=https://screenanarchy.com/2017/04/imagine-2017-get-out-review.html |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=ScreenAnarchy}}</ref> |Silver Scream Award | {{Won}} |- |BET Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vulpo |first=Mike |date=June 25, 2017 |title=BET Awards 2017 Winners: The Complete List |url=http://www.eonline.com/uk/news/862023/bet-awards-2017-winners-the-complete-list |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[E!]]}}</ref> |Best Movie | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |Gotham Independent Film Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Alessandro |first=Anthony |date=October 19, 2017 |title='Get Out' Tops IFP Gotham Awards Nominations; 'Mudbound' Voted Special Jury Award |url=https://deadline.com/2017/10/jordan-peele-get-out-the-florida-project-mudbound-ifp-gotham-awards-1202191145/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best Feature | {{Won}} |- |Bingham Ray Breakthrough Director Award | {{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Audience Awards | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |Detroit Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 4, 2017 |title=The 2017 Detroit Film Critics Society Awards Nominations |url=http://detroitfilmcritics.com/the-2017-detroit-film-critics-society-awards-nominations/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Detroit Film Critics Society]]}}</ref> |Best Film |{{Nom}} |- |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |Best Breakthrough | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 8, 2017 |title=The 2017 WAFCA Awards |url=http://www.wafca.com/awards/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602090138/http://www.wafca.com/awards/index.htm |archive-date=June 2, 2023 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Boston Society of Film Critics<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2017 |title=Boston Society of Film Critics Awards 2017 Winners |url=http://www.bostonfilmcritics.org/current-winners |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213104846/http://www.bostonfilmcritics.org/current-winners |archive-date=December 13, 2017 |access-date=December 10, 2017 |website=[[Boston Society of Film Critics Awards]]}}</ref> |Best New Filmmaker | {{Won}} |- |British Independent Film Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tartaglione |first=Nancy |date=November 1, 2017 |title='Lady Macbeth' Leads British Independent Film Awards Nominations – Full List |url=https://deadline.com/2017/11/british-independent-film-awards-nominations-2017-bifas-full-list-lady-macbeth-three-billboards-1202199080/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best International Independent Film | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |New York Film Critics Online<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nordyke |first=Kimberly |date=December 10, 2017 |title='The Florida Project,' 'Mudbound' Voted Best Picture by New York Film Critics Online |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/florida-project-mudbound-voted-best-picture-by-new-york-film-critics-online-1066072 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Top Ten Films | {{Won}} |- |Best Debut as Director | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |San Francisco Film Critics Circle<ref>{{Cite web |last=Neglia |first=Matt |date=December 8, 2017 |title=The 2017 San Francisco Film Critics Circle (SFFCC) Nominations |url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2017-san-francisco-film-critics-circle-sffcc-nominations/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=Next Best Picture}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |Toronto Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vlessing |first=Etan |date=December 10, 2017 |title='The Florida Project' Named Best Film by Toronto Film Critics |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/toronto-film-critics-association-winners-2017-1066056 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |Best First Feature | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |San Diego Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Rebecca |date=December 9, 2017 |title=San Diego Film Critics 2017 Nominees: 'Three Billboards,' 'Shape of Water,' and 'Dunkirk' Top the List |url=https://www.showbizjunkies.com/news/san-diego-film-critics-2017-nominees/ |access-date=December 9, 2017 |website=Showbiz Junkies}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |African-American Film Critics Association |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Top Ten Films | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Chicago Film Critics Association |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Most Promising Filmmaker | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jorgenson |first=Todd |date=December 13, 2017 |title=DFW Film Critics Name 'The Shape of Water' Best Picture of 2017 |url=http://dfwcritics.com/dfw-film-critics-name-the-shape-of-water-best-picture-of-2017/ |access-date=December 13, 2017 |website=[[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{draw|5th Place}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|5th Place}} |- | rowspan="4" |Dublin Film Critics' Circle<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 14, 2017 |title=The critics have spoken – Dublin Film Critics Circle Awards announced for 2017 |url=https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/movies/movie-news/the-critics-have-spoken-dublin-film-critics-circle-awards-announced-for-2017-36405841.html |access-date=December 14, 2017 |website=[[The Irish Independent]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{draw|2nd Place}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|3rd Place}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Breakthrough Artist of the Year | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |St. Louis Film Critics Association<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2017 |title=2017 StLFCA Annual Award Nominees |url=http://www.stlfilmcritics.org/awards |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212162611/http://www.stlfilmcritics.org/awards |archive-date=December 12, 2017 |access-date=December 12, 2017 |publisher=[[St. Louis Film Critics Association]]}}</ref> |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |Seattle Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2017 |title='Blade Runner 2049' Leads the 2017 Seattle Film Critics Society Nominations |url=http://seattlefilmcritics.com/ |access-date=December 11, 2017 |website=[[Seattle Film Critics Society]]}}</ref> |Best Picture of the Year | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Screenplay | {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |Florida Film Critics Circle |Best Film | {{Nom}} |- |Best Director | {{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- |Best First Film | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Online Film Critics Society<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hipes |first=Patrick |date=December 28, 2017 |title='Get Out' Named Best Picture By Online Film Critics Society |url=https://deadline.com/2017/12/online-film-critics-society-awards-2017-movies-get-out-1202233341/ |access-date=December 28, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> |Best Picture | {{Won}} |- |Best Director | {{draw|Runner-up}}{{efn|Tied with [[Guillermo del Toro]] for ''[[The Shape of Water]]''.}} |- |Best Original Screenplay | {{Won}} |- | rowspan="14" |2018 |AACTA International Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Donnelly |first=Matt |date=December 12, 2017 |title='Call Me by Your Name,' 'Lady Bird' Top Australian Academy Award Nominees |url=https://www.thewrap.com/call-name-lady-bird-top-australian-academy-award-nominees/ |access-date=December 12, 2017 |website=[[TheWrap]]}}</ref> |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |National Board of Review |Best Directorial Debut |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Critics' Choice Awards |Best Sci-Fi/Horror Movie |{{Won}} |- |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards |Best Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |London Film Critics' Circle Awards |Screenwriter of the Year |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Satellite Awards |Best Director |{{Won}} |- |Best Original Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |Independent Spirit Awards |Best Feature |{{Won}} |- |Best Director |{{Won}} |- |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="6" |Saturn Awards |Best Director |{{Nom}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |Best Director | rowspan="2" |''Us'' |{{Won}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2022 |Best Director | rowspan="2" |''Nope'' |{{Nom}} |- |Best Writing |{{Nom}} |- |} A cikin 2020, an ba shi suna Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Awards 'Monster Kid of the Year . <ref name="18th Annual Rondos">{{Cite web |last=Colton |first=David |date=April 6, 2020 |title=Here Are the Winners of the (Gasp!) 18th Annual Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Awards |url=https://rondoaward.com/rondoaward.com/blog/?p=1010 |website=RondoAward.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> mpa45rgpi3rj5x8ke3tx65wx9uga8v7 0 177837 961719 2026-10-02T06:28:59Z Sirjat 20447 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372464926|Glazer ownership of Manchester United]]" 961719 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Manchester United F.C.|Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Manchester United]] ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ce ta Ingila da ke Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. An kafa ƙungiyar a matsayin Newton Heath LYR Football Club, ƙungiyar aiki ta Lancashire da Yorkshire Railway depot da ke Newton Heath, a shekarar 1878. Kulob din ya rabu da kamfanin jirgin ƙasa a shekarar 1892 kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin mallakar kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na kusan shekaru 100.&nbsp;shekaru da dama, ta canza sunanta zuwa Manchester United bayan an ceto ta daga fatara a shekarar 1902. Kungiyar ta kasance batun tayin sayen kulob daga hamshakin mai yada labarai Robert Maxwell a shekarar 1984 da kuma dillalin gidaje Michael Knighton a shekarar 1989, kafin a bai wa jama'a damar sayen kulob din a shekarar 1991; sun sake samun tayin sayen kulob din daga kamfanin talabijin na [[Rupert Murdoch]] mallakar British Sky Broadcasting a shekarar 1998 kafin a sanar da hannun jarin Malcolm Glazer a watan Satumba na shekarar 2003. A ƙarshen shekarar 2003, Glazer ya ƙara yawan hannun jarinsa daga kashi 3.17% zuwa kusan kashi 15%, wanda kusan ya ninka sau biyu a shekarar har zuwa Oktoba 2004. Sayen hannun jarinsa na John Magnier da JP McManus na kashi 28.7% a watan Mayun 2005 ya ƙara nasa hannun jari zuwa kusan kashi 57%, wanda ya zarce kashi 30% wanda hakan zai tilasta masa ƙaddamar da tayin mallakar hannun jari. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ya mallaki kashi 75% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar cire kamfanin daga kasuwar hannayen jari ta London, kuma cikin wata guda, Glazers sun kwace kashi 98% na mallakar ƙungiyar ta hanyar kamfanin iyayen Red Football, wanda hakan ya tilasta musu rage sauran kashi 2%. Farashin siyan ƙungiyar na ƙarshe ya kai kusan £ 800&nbsp;miliyan. Yawancin jarin da Glazer ya yi amfani da shi wajen siyan Manchester United sun zo ne ta hanyar lamuni, yawancinsu an yi su ne da kadarorin kulob din, wanda hakan ya sa aka biya sama da fam 60.&nbsp;miliyan a kowace shekara. Sauran sun zo ne ta hanyar lamunin PIK (biya ta hanyar lamunin irin wannan), wanda daga baya aka sayar wa asusun ajiyar kuɗi . Manchester United ba ta da alhakin PIKs, waɗanda Red Football Joint Venture ke riƙe da su kuma an tabbatar da su a hannun jarin wannan kamfanin a Red Football (da haka ƙungiyar). Ribar da aka samu a fannin PIK ta karu da kashi 14.25% a kowace shekara. Duk da haka, Glazers ba su biya ko ɗaya daga cikin basussukan PIK ba a cikin shekaru biyar na farko da suka mallaki ƙungiyar. A watan Janairun 2010, kulob din ya yi nasarar samun £500&nbsp;bayar da bashin miliyan, kuma zuwa Maris 2010, PIKs sun kai kusan £207&nbsp;miliyan. Daga ƙarshe an biya PIKs a watan Nuwamba na 2010 ta hanyar da ba a fayyace ba. A watan Agusta na 2012, a matsayin wani ɓangare na sake fasalin kuɗi, Glazers sun sayar da hannun jari da dama a Manchester United a cikin tayin farko na jama'a (IPO) a Kasuwar Hannun Jari ta New York (NYSE). Wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun yi adawa da karɓar ƙungiyar Glazer, musamman lokacin da suka fahimci matakin bashin da ƙungiyar za ta ɗauka bayan ta shafe shekaru da yawa ba tare da basussuka ba. Saboda haka magoya bayan sun fito kan tituna don yin zanga-zanga kan Glazers. Masoya da ba su ji daɗin ba sun ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC United ta Manchester a shekarar 2005, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andy Mitten |date=2015-05-12 |title=Glazers, disgruntlement and grit: The inside story of FC United of Manchester's birth |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/glazers-disgruntlement-and-grit-inside-story-fc-united-manchesters-birth |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=fourfourtwo.com |language=en}}</ref> wacce ta shiga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta North West County kuma ta buga wasa a gasar National League North ta mataki na shida daga 2015 zuwa 2019. Tun daga shekarar 2005, ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ta yi aiki kan hanyoyin da za su mayar da mallakar ƙungiyar ga magoya baya, ciki har da yunƙurin da bai yi nasara ba a shekarar 2010 na siyan ƙungiyar a wani tayin karɓar ƙungiyar da ya kai fam biliyan ɗaya tare da ƙungiyar masu kuɗi ta Manchester United da ake wa lakabi da "Red Knights". Sauran ƙungiyoyi kamar Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association da The 1958 sun yi ƙarin yunƙuri don samun nasara daban-daban. == Bayani == [[File:Rupert_Murdoch_2011_Shankbone_3.JPG|alt=A head-and-shoulders photograph of an old, bald man with grey hair on the sides of his head. He is wearing spectacles and a white shirt with a blue tie and dark jacket.|thumb|Manchester United ita ce batun da aka yi wa [[Rupert Murdoch]] BSkyB a shekarar 1998.]] An kafa Manchester United a matsayin Newton Heath LYR FC a shekarar 1878 ta hannun ma'aikatan Carriage and Wagon Works na Lancashire da kuma Yorkshire Railway 's Newton Heath depot . [1] A shekarar 1901, ƙungiyar tana da bashin sama da fam 2,500 kuma tana fuskantar umarnin dakatarwa ; [2] duk da haka, John Henry Davies, mai yin giya na gida, ya cece su, wanda ya canza sunansu zuwa Manchester United a shekarar 1902. [3] Bayan mutuwar Davies a shekarar 1927, ƙungiyar ta sake faɗawa cikin matsalolin kuɗi, amma James W. Gibson ya shiga cikin wani sabon mai ba da taimako ga harkokin kuɗi a shekarar 1931. [4] Gibson da kansa ya mutu a shekarar 1951, amma yayin da matarsa Violet ta gaji mallakar ƙungiyar, ikonta ya koma ga darakta kuma tsohon ɗan wasa Harold Hardman . A halin yanzu, wani ɗan kasuwa na gida mai suna Louis Edwards ya fara tara hannun jari a Manchester United kuma daga ƙarshe aka naɗa shi shugaban kamfanin bayan mutuwar Hardman a shekarar 1965. Ɗansa, Martin Edwards, ya sayi kaso na hannun jari daga Alan Gibson - ɗan tsohon mai shi James Gibson - kuma ya zama babban mai hannun jari kuma shugaban kamfanin lokacin da Louis Edwards ya mutu a shekarar 1980. A lokacin da Martin Edwards ke shugabanta, Manchester United ta fuskanci tayi da dama na sayen kungiyar; na farko ya fito ne daga hamshakin mai yada labarai Robert Maxwell, wanda ya yi tayin £10.&nbsp;miliyan a watan Fabrairun 1984, amma cinikin ya lalace kafin a yi wata tattaunawa mai mahimmanci. A shekarar 1989, fitaccen mai gidaje Michael Knighton ya kusa kammala cinikin £20.&nbsp;miliyoyi sun kwace mulki, amma masu goyon bayansa na kuɗi sun janye a minti na ƙarshe kuma dole ne ya gamsu da kujera kawai a kwamitin gudanarwa. 5efzoh5k76ejla14t340jid2v4iv5ci 961721 961719 2026-10-02T06:29:20Z Sirjat 20447 961721 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Manchester United F.C.|Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Manchester United]] ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ce ta Ingila da ke Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. An kafa ƙungiyar a matsayin Newton Heath LYR Football Club, ƙungiyar aiki ta Lancashire da Yorkshire Railway depot da ke Newton Heath, a shekarar 1878. Kulob din ya rabu da kamfanin jirgin ƙasa a shekarar 1892 kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin mallakar kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na kusan shekaru 100.&nbsp;shekaru da dama, ta canza sunanta zuwa Manchester United bayan an ceto ta daga fatara a shekarar 1902. Kungiyar ta kasance batun tayin sayen kulob daga hamshakin mai yada labarai Robert Maxwell a shekarar 1984 da kuma dillalin gidaje Michael Knighton a shekarar 1989, kafin a bai wa jama'a damar sayen kulob din a shekarar 1991; sun sake samun tayin sayen kulob din daga kamfanin talabijin na [[Rupert Murdoch]] mallakar British Sky Broadcasting a shekarar 1998 kafin a sanar da hannun jarin Malcolm Glazer a watan Satumba na shekarar 2003. A ƙarshen shekarar 2003, Glazer ya ƙara yawan hannun jarinsa daga kashi 3.17% zuwa kusan kashi 15%, wanda kusan ya ninka sau biyu a shekarar har zuwa Oktoba 2004. Sayen hannun jarinsa na John Magnier da JP McManus na kashi 28.7% a watan Mayun 2005 ya ƙara nasa hannun jari zuwa kusan kashi 57%, wanda ya zarce kashi 30% wanda hakan zai tilasta masa ƙaddamar da tayin mallakar hannun jari. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ya mallaki kashi 75% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar cire kamfanin daga kasuwar hannayen jari ta London, kuma cikin wata guda, Glazers sun kwace kashi 98% na mallakar ƙungiyar ta hanyar kamfanin iyayen Red Football, wanda hakan ya tilasta musu rage sauran kashi 2%. Farashin siyan ƙungiyar na ƙarshe ya kai kusan £ 800&nbsp;miliyan. Yawancin jarin da Glazer ya yi amfani da shi wajen siyan Manchester United sun zo ne ta hanyar lamuni, yawancinsu an yi su ne da kadarorin kulob din, wanda hakan ya sa aka biya sama da fam 60.&nbsp;miliyan a kowace shekara. Sauran sun zo ne ta hanyar lamunin PIK (biya ta hanyar lamunin irin wannan), wanda daga baya aka sayar wa asusun ajiyar kuɗi . Manchester United ba ta da alhakin PIKs, waɗanda Red Football Joint Venture ke riƙe da su kuma an tabbatar da su a hannun jarin wannan kamfanin a Red Football (da haka ƙungiyar). Ribar da aka samu a fannin PIK ta karu da kashi 14.25% a kowace shekara. Duk da haka, Glazers ba su biya ko ɗaya daga cikin basussukan PIK ba a cikin shekaru biyar na farko da suka mallaki ƙungiyar. A watan Janairun 2010, kulob din ya yi nasarar samun £500&nbsp;bayar da bashin miliyan, kuma zuwa Maris 2010, PIKs sun kai kusan £207&nbsp;miliyan. Daga ƙarshe an biya PIKs a watan Nuwamba na 2010 ta hanyar da ba a fayyace ba. A watan Agusta na 2012, a matsayin wani ɓangare na sake fasalin kuɗi, Glazers sun sayar da hannun jari da dama a Manchester United a cikin tayin farko na jama'a (IPO) a Kasuwar Hannun Jari ta New York (NYSE). Wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun yi adawa da karɓar ƙungiyar Glazer, musamman lokacin da suka fahimci matakin bashin da ƙungiyar za ta ɗauka bayan ta shafe shekaru da yawa ba tare da basussuka ba. Saboda haka magoya bayan sun fito kan tituna don yin zanga-zanga kan Glazers. Masoya da ba su ji daɗin ba sun ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC United ta Manchester a shekarar 2005, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andy Mitten |date=2015-05-12 |title=Glazers, disgruntlement and grit: The inside story of FC United of Manchester's birth |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/glazers-disgruntlement-and-grit-inside-story-fc-united-manchesters-birth |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=fourfourtwo.com |language=en}}</ref> wacce ta shiga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta North West County kuma ta buga wasa a gasar National League North ta mataki na shida daga 2015 zuwa 2019. Tun daga shekarar 2005, ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ta yi aiki kan hanyoyin da za su mayar da mallakar ƙungiyar ga magoya baya, ciki har da yunƙurin da bai yi nasara ba a shekarar 2010 na siyan ƙungiyar a wani tayin karɓar ƙungiyar da ya kai fam biliyan ɗaya tare da ƙungiyar masu kuɗi ta Manchester United da ake wa lakabi da "Red Knights". Sauran ƙungiyoyi kamar Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association da The 1958 sun yi ƙarin yunƙuri don samun nasara daban-daban. == Bayani == [[File:Rupert_Murdoch_2011_Shankbone_3.JPG|alt=A head-and-shoulders photograph of an old, bald man with grey hair on the sides of his head. He is wearing spectacles and a white shirt with a blue tie and dark jacket.|thumb|Manchester United ita ce batun da aka yi wa [[Rupert Murdoch]] BSkyB a shekarar 1998.]] An kafa Manchester United a matsayin Newton Heath LYR FC a shekarar 1878 ta hannun ma'aikatan Carriage and Wagon Works na Lancashire da kuma Yorkshire Railway 's Newton Heath depot . [1] A shekarar 1901, ƙungiyar tana da bashin sama da fam 2,500 kuma tana fuskantar umarnin dakatarwa ; [2] duk da haka, John Henry Davies, mai yin giya na gida, ya cece su, wanda ya canza sunansu zuwa Manchester United a shekarar 1902. [3] Bayan mutuwar Davies a shekarar 1927, ƙungiyar ta sake faɗawa cikin matsalolin kuɗi, amma James W. Gibson ya shiga cikin wani sabon mai ba da taimako ga harkokin kuɗi a shekarar 1931. [4] Gibson da kansa ya mutu a shekarar 1951, amma yayin da matarsa Violet ta gaji mallakar ƙungiyar, ikonta ya koma ga darakta kuma tsohon ɗan wasa Harold Hardman . A halin yanzu, wani ɗan kasuwa na gida mai suna Louis Edwards ya fara tara hannun jari a Manchester United kuma daga ƙarshe aka naɗa shi shugaban kamfanin bayan mutuwar Hardman a shekarar 1965. Ɗansa, Martin Edwards, ya sayi kaso na hannun jari daga Alan Gibson - ɗan tsohon mai shi James Gibson - kuma ya zama babban mai hannun jari kuma shugaban kamfanin lokacin da Louis Edwards ya mutu a shekarar 1980. A lokacin da Martin Edwards ke shugabanta, Manchester United ta fuskanci tayi da dama na sayen kungiyar; na farko ya fito ne daga hamshakin mai yada labarai Robert Maxwell, wanda ya yi tayin £10.&nbsp;miliyan a watan Fabrairun 1984, amma cinikin ya lalace kafin a yi wata tattaunawa mai mahimmanci. A shekarar 1989, fitaccen mai gidaje Michael Knighton ya kusa kammala cinikin £20.&nbsp;miliyoyi sun kwace mulki, amma masu goyon bayansa na kuɗi sun janye a minti na ƙarshe kuma dole ne ya gamsu da kujera kawai a kwamitin gudanarwa. kjgykbc0mxd596urtyro5svm14qc6l8 961722 961721 2026-10-02T06:31:01Z Sirjat 20447 /* Bayani */ 961722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Manchester United F.C.|Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Manchester United]] ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ce ta Ingila da ke Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. An kafa ƙungiyar a matsayin Newton Heath LYR Football Club, ƙungiyar aiki ta Lancashire da Yorkshire Railway depot da ke Newton Heath, a shekarar 1878. Kulob din ya rabu da kamfanin jirgin ƙasa a shekarar 1892 kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin mallakar kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na kusan shekaru 100.&nbsp;shekaru da dama, ta canza sunanta zuwa Manchester United bayan an ceto ta daga fatara a shekarar 1902. Kungiyar ta kasance batun tayin sayen kulob daga hamshakin mai yada labarai Robert Maxwell a shekarar 1984 da kuma dillalin gidaje Michael Knighton a shekarar 1989, kafin a bai wa jama'a damar sayen kulob din a shekarar 1991; sun sake samun tayin sayen kulob din daga kamfanin talabijin na [[Rupert Murdoch]] mallakar British Sky Broadcasting a shekarar 1998 kafin a sanar da hannun jarin Malcolm Glazer a watan Satumba na shekarar 2003. A ƙarshen shekarar 2003, Glazer ya ƙara yawan hannun jarinsa daga kashi 3.17% zuwa kusan kashi 15%, wanda kusan ya ninka sau biyu a shekarar har zuwa Oktoba 2004. Sayen hannun jarinsa na John Magnier da JP McManus na kashi 28.7% a watan Mayun 2005 ya ƙara nasa hannun jari zuwa kusan kashi 57%, wanda ya zarce kashi 30% wanda hakan zai tilasta masa ƙaddamar da tayin mallakar hannun jari. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ya mallaki kashi 75% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar cire kamfanin daga kasuwar hannayen jari ta London, kuma cikin wata guda, Glazers sun kwace kashi 98% na mallakar ƙungiyar ta hanyar kamfanin iyayen Red Football, wanda hakan ya tilasta musu rage sauran kashi 2%. Farashin siyan ƙungiyar na ƙarshe ya kai kusan £ 800&nbsp;miliyan. Yawancin jarin da Glazer ya yi amfani da shi wajen siyan Manchester United sun zo ne ta hanyar lamuni, yawancinsu an yi su ne da kadarorin kulob din, wanda hakan ya sa aka biya sama da fam 60.&nbsp;miliyan a kowace shekara. Sauran sun zo ne ta hanyar lamunin PIK (biya ta hanyar lamunin irin wannan), wanda daga baya aka sayar wa asusun ajiyar kuɗi . Manchester United ba ta da alhakin PIKs, waɗanda Red Football Joint Venture ke riƙe da su kuma an tabbatar da su a hannun jarin wannan kamfanin a Red Football (da haka ƙungiyar). Ribar da aka samu a fannin PIK ta karu da kashi 14.25% a kowace shekara. Duk da haka, Glazers ba su biya ko ɗaya daga cikin basussukan PIK ba a cikin shekaru biyar na farko da suka mallaki ƙungiyar. A watan Janairun 2010, kulob din ya yi nasarar samun £500&nbsp;bayar da bashin miliyan, kuma zuwa Maris 2010, PIKs sun kai kusan £207&nbsp;miliyan. Daga ƙarshe an biya PIKs a watan Nuwamba na 2010 ta hanyar da ba a fayyace ba. A watan Agusta na 2012, a matsayin wani ɓangare na sake fasalin kuɗi, Glazers sun sayar da hannun jari da dama a Manchester United a cikin tayin farko na jama'a (IPO) a Kasuwar Hannun Jari ta New York (NYSE). Wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun yi adawa da karɓar ƙungiyar Glazer, musamman lokacin da suka fahimci matakin bashin da ƙungiyar za ta ɗauka bayan ta shafe shekaru da yawa ba tare da basussuka ba. Saboda haka magoya bayan sun fito kan tituna don yin zanga-zanga kan Glazers. Masoya da ba su ji daɗin ba sun ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC United ta Manchester a shekarar 2005, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andy Mitten |date=2015-05-12 |title=Glazers, disgruntlement and grit: The inside story of FC United of Manchester's birth |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/glazers-disgruntlement-and-grit-inside-story-fc-united-manchesters-birth |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=fourfourtwo.com |language=en}}</ref> wacce ta shiga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta North West County kuma ta buga wasa a gasar National League North ta mataki na shida daga 2015 zuwa 2019. Tun daga shekarar 2005, ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ta yi aiki kan hanyoyin da za su mayar da mallakar ƙungiyar ga magoya baya, ciki har da yunƙurin da bai yi nasara ba a shekarar 2010 na siyan ƙungiyar a wani tayin karɓar ƙungiyar da ya kai fam biliyan ɗaya tare da ƙungiyar masu kuɗi ta Manchester United da ake wa lakabi da "Red Knights". Sauran ƙungiyoyi kamar Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association da The 1958 sun yi ƙarin yunƙuri don samun nasara daban-daban. ==Asali== [[File:Rupert Murdoch 2011 Shankbone 3.JPG|thumb|upright|Manchester United ya kasance batun tayin saye daga [[Rupert Murdoch]] ta hannun [[Sky UK|BSkyB]] a shekarar 1998.|alt=Hoton rabin jikin wani tsoho mai sanƙo, mai furfura a gefen kansa. Yana sanye da tabarau da farar riga mai ɗaurin wuya shuɗi da baƙar riga.]] An kafa Manchester United a matsayin Newton Heath LYR F.C. a shekarar 1878 daga ma'aikatan sashen kera kekunan fasinja da na kaya na [[Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway]] a [[Newton Heath TMD|ma'ajiyar Newton Heath]].<ref>Murphy, shafi na 11.</ref> A shekarar 1901, ƙungiyar tana da bashin sama da £2,500 kuma tana fuskantar umarnin [[liquidation|rufe kamfanin]];<ref>Murphy, shafi na 14.</ref> amma wani mai sana'ar giya na yankin mai suna [[John Henry Davies]] ya ceto ta, sannan ya sauya sunanta zuwa Manchester United a shekarar 1902.<ref>Murphy, shafuffuka na 15–16.</ref> Bayan rasuwar Davies a shekarar 1927, ƙungiyar ta sake fuskantar matsalolin kuɗi, amma [[James W. Gibson]] ya shiga a matsayin sabon mai taimakon kuɗi a shekarar 1931.<ref>Murphy, shafuffuka na 36, 39.</ref> Gibson da kansa ya rasu a shekarar 1951, amma yayin da matarsa, Violet, ta gaji mallakar ƙungiyar, iko ya koma hannun darakta kuma tsohon ɗan wasa [[Harold Hardman]].<ref>White, shafi na 92.</ref> A halin da ake ciki, wani ɗan kasuwa na yankin mai suna [[Louis Edwards (businessman)|Louis Edwards]] ya fara tara hannun jari a Manchester United<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 58.</ref> kuma daga ƙarshe aka naɗa shi shugaban ƙungiyar bayan rasuwar Hardman a shekarar 1965.<ref>White, shafi na 153.</ref> Ɗansa, [[Martin Edwards]], ya sayi kaso na hannun jari daga Alan Gibson<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 134.</ref> – ɗan tsohon mai ƙungiyar James Gibson – kuma ya zama babban [[shareholder|mai hannun jari]] da shugaban ƙungiyar bayan rasuwar Louis Edwards a shekarar 1980.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 168–169.</ref> A lokacin Martin Edwards a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar, Manchester United ta fuskanci tayin saye da dama; na farko ya fito ne daga attajirin kafafen yaɗa labarai [[Robert Maxwell]], wanda ya yi tayin £10&nbsp;million a watan Fabrairun 1984, amma sayarwar ta gaza kammala kafin a fara tattaunawa mai zurfi.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 184–186.</ref> A shekarar 1989, attajirin harkar gidaje [[Michael Knighton]] ya kusa kammala sayen ƙungiyar kan £20&nbsp;million,<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 277–278.</ref> amma masu ba shi kuɗin tallafi suka janye a ƙarshe<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 284.</ref> kuma dole ya wadatu da samun kujera a hukumar gudanarwa kawai.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 293.</ref> An sanya Manchester United a kasuwar hannun jari a shekarar 1991,<ref>Bose, shafi na 78.</ref> kuma ta sake samun wani tayin saye a shekarar 1998, a wannan karon daga [[Rupert Murdoch]] ta hannun [[Sky UK|BSkyB]].<ref>Bose, shafi na 114.</ref> Hukumar Manchester United ta amince da tayin £623&nbsp;million,<ref>Bose, shafi na 157.</ref> amma [[Competition Commission (United Kingdom)|Hukumar Gasar Ciniki da Haɗe-haɗe]] ta dakile sayen a mataki na ƙarshe a watan Afrilun 1999.<ref>Bose, shafi na 175.</ref> Bayan wasu shekaru, an samu rikicin iko tsakanin kocin ƙungiyar, [[Alex Ferguson|Sir Alex Ferguson]], da abokan huldarsa a harkar tseren dawakai, [[John Magnier]] da [[J. P. McManus]], waɗanda a hankali suka zama manyan masu hannun jari ta hannun kamfaninsu, Cubic Expression.<ref>Bose, shafi na 234.</ref> A cikin rikicin da ya samo asali daga takaddamar mallakar dokin [[Rock of Gibraltar (horse)|Rock of Gibraltar]], Magnier da McManus sun yi ƙoƙarin cire Ferguson daga matsayin koci, yayin da hukumar ta fara tuntuɓar masu saka jari domin rage tasirin 'yan ƙasar Ireland ɗin.<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 234–235.</ref> A halin da ake ciki, [[Avram Glazer]] – ɗan [[Malcolm Glazer]] – yana nazarin saka jari a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Turai. Iyalin Glazer sun riga sun mallaki wasu kasuwanci a [[United States|Amurka]] kuma sun sayi ikon mallakar ƙungiyar [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]] ta [[National Football League]] a shekarar 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Birnbaum |first=Justin |title=Meet The Billionaire Family Behind The Tampa Bay Buccaneers, One Of The NFL's Least Valuable Teams |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/justinbirnbaum/2021/02/07/meet-the-billionaire-glazer-family-behind-the-tampa-bay-buccaneers-one-of-the-nfls-least-valuable-teams/ |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Sun shawo kan gwamnatin yankin ta ba da kuɗin gina [[Raymond James Stadium|sabon filin wasa]] na Buccaneers a shekarar 1998, kuma ƙungiyar ta lashe [[Super Bowl]] na farko a [[Super Bowl XXXVII|Janairun 2003]].<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 219–220.</ref> ==Siyan hannun jari da samun iko== [[File:Raymond James Stadium02.JPG|thumb|left|Ginin [[Raymond James Stadium]] a [[Tampa, Florida]] na daga cikin manyan sauye-sauyen farko da Glazers suka yi bayan sun sayi [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]].|alt=Hoton wani filin wasa na wasanni da aka ɗauka daga gefe, ana kallon filin a karkace.]] Bayan da hukumar Manchester United ta fara neman sabbin masu saka jari,<ref>Bose, shafi na 235.</ref> Glazers sun sayi kaso na farko na hannun jarin Manchester United a ranar 2 ga Maris 2003, inda suka kashe kusan £9&nbsp;million kan kaso na 2.9%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Super Bowl hero takes a slice of Man Utd |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2813439.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2003 |access-date=1 April 2011 }}</ref> wanda suka saya ta hannun wani [[holding company|kamfanin riƙe hannun jari]] mai suna Red Football. A ranar 26 ga Satumba 2003, an ruwaito cewa sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa 3.17%,<ref name="US investor ups Man Utd stake">{{cite news |title=US investor ups Man Utd stake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3141968.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 September 2003 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> lamarin da ya kai hannun jarinsu sama da kashi 3% wanda ya tilasta musu sanar da shugabannin ƙungiyar. Tuni ake ta hasashe sosai kan yiwuwar sayen ƙungiyar, ko dai ta hannun Glazers ko kuma wasu daga cikin masu sha'awar sayen ta.<ref name="US investor ups Man Utd stake"/> Zuwa ranar 20 ga Oktoba, sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa 8.93%,<ref>{{cite news |title=US tycoon ups Man Utd stake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3207492.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 October 2003 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> sannan a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, an ruwaito cewa sun mallaki kusan kashi 15% na ƙungiyar kuma sun gana da [[David Gill (executive)|David Gill]], babban jami'in gudanarwa, domin tattauna manufofinsu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Share deal sparks Man U bid talk |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3246512.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=29 November 2003 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 2004, Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu a ƙungiyar zuwa 16.31%, kuma a ranar da ta biyo baya ''[[Financial Times]]'' ta ruwaito cewa sun umarci [[Commerzbank]] da ta binciki yiwuwar tayin sayen ƙungiyar. Farashin hannun jarin ƙungiyar ya ƙaru da 5% a wannan rana, lamarin da ya kai darajar ƙungiyar gaba ɗaya zuwa £741&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=US bid talk lifts Man Utd shares |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3485393.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=13 February 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa sama da kashi 19% a watan Yunin da ya biyo baya, duk da cewa har yanzu ba su ne manyan masu hannun jari ba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer raises stake in Man United |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3835575.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=24 June 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> Hannun jarinsu ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa, inda ya kusan kai kashi 30% a watan Oktoban 2004. Da suka kai kashi 30%, za a tilasta musu ƙaddamar da tayin saye na hukuma.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer stake in Man Utd nears 30% |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3754598.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=19 October 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2005, sama da magoya bayan Manchester United 400 sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a Old Trafford kan yiwuwar Glazers su sayi ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lutz |first1=Tom |title=United protesters rage at Glazer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/feb/10/newsstory.sport4 |access-date=7 May 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=10 February 2005}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Mayu 2005, Red Football ta sanar da cewa ta cimma yarjejeniya da masu hannun jari [[J. P. McManus]] da [[John Magnier]] domin sayen kaso 28.7% na Cubic Expression a ƙungiyar, lamarin da ya bai wa Glazers ikon gudanar da ƙungiyar tare da kusan kashi 57% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer wins control of Man United |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4540939.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=12 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Daga nan suka samu nasarar sayen hannun jarin na mutum na uku mafi girman masu hannun jari, ɗan kasuwar hakar ma'adinai na Scotland Harry Dobson, wanda ya kai jimillar hannun jarinsu zuwa kashi 62% na ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Q&A: Malcolm Glazer and Man Utd |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4541645.stm |publisher=BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=16 May 2005 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Zuwa ranar 13 ga Mayu, Glazers sun sake sayen kaso 12.8%, inda jimillar mallakarsu ta kai kashi 74.81%, kusa da matakin kashi 75% wanda zai ba su damar kawo ƙarshen matsayin ƙungiyar a matsayin [[public limited company|kamfani na jama'a mai iyakantaccen alhaki]] (PLC) tare da cire hannun jarinta daga [[London Stock Exchange]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer statement infuriates fans |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4545339.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=13 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Mayu, Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu a Manchester United zuwa 75.7%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer Man Utd stake exceeds 75% |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4550141.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=16 May 2005 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> sannan wata guda daga baya, a ranar 22 ga Yuni, suka cire hannun jarin ƙungiyar daga kasuwar hannun jari a karon farko cikin shekaru 14.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd shares leave stock market |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4118312.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=22 June 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Hannun jarin Glazers ya ƙaru a hankali zuwa kashi 76.2% a ranar 23 ga Mayu, lokacin da suka yi tayin ƙarshe na pence 300 kan kowane hannun jari, tare da sanya ƙarshen lokacin karɓar tayin a ƙarfe 3 na rana ranar 13 ga Yuni.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer makes final Man Utd offer |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4573617.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 26 ga Mayu, hukumar Manchester United ta rubuta wa sauran masu hannun jari tana sanar da aniyarta ta sayar da hannun jarin nata tare da ba da shawarar cewa sauran su yi hakan; a cikin wannan wasiƙar, shugaban ƙungiyar [[Roy Gardner (businessman)|Sir Roy Gardner]] da daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum Ian Much da [[Jim O'Neill (economist)|Jim O'Neill]] sun miƙa takardun murabus ɗinsu.<ref>{{cite news |title=United board accepts Glazer bid |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4582915.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Yuni, an naɗa Avram Glazer da 'yan'uwansa [[Joel Glazer|Joel]] da [[Bryan Glazer|Bryan]] a hukumar Manchester United a matsayin daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matthew |last=Garrahan |title=Triple Glazers for Manchester United board |url=https://app.ft.com/content/533c6d90-d783-11d9-9f43-00000e2511c8 |work=Financial Times |date=7 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> Duk da ƙarfafawar hukumar, hannun jarin Glazers a ƙungiyar ya kai kashi 97.3% ne kawai zuwa ranar 14 ga Yuni, ƙasa da matakin 97.6% da ake buƙata domin tilasta sayen duk sauran hannun jarin masu hannun jari, abin da ya sa suka tsawaita wa'adin tayin sayen sauran hannun jari zuwa ranar 27 ga Yuni.<ref name="extend">{{cite news |title=Glazer extends Man Utd deadline |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4090612.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=14 June 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Wata sanarwa da aka fitar a ranar 28 ga Yuni ta ce hannun jarin Red Football ya kai kashi 98% (hannun jari 259,950,194), lamarin da ya haifar da [[squeeze-out|tilasta sayen hannun jarin sauran masu hannun jari]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer gets 98% of Man Utd shares |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4629401.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 June 2005 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> Ƙimar ƙarshe ta ƙungiyar ta kusan £790&nbsp;million (kimanin [[United States dollar|$]]1.5&nbsp;billion bisa ga canjin kuɗi na lokacin).<ref name="extend"/> mkr5m7woh3ph1j33r5mk5brmbmul6b2 961725 961722 2026-10-02T06:33:19Z Sirjat 20447 /* Siyan hannun jari da samun iko */ 961725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Manchester United F.C.|Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Manchester United]] ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ce ta Ingila da ke Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. An kafa ƙungiyar a matsayin Newton Heath LYR Football Club, ƙungiyar aiki ta Lancashire da Yorkshire Railway depot da ke Newton Heath, a shekarar 1878. Kulob din ya rabu da kamfanin jirgin ƙasa a shekarar 1892 kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin mallakar kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na kusan shekaru 100.&nbsp;shekaru da dama, ta canza sunanta zuwa Manchester United bayan an ceto ta daga fatara a shekarar 1902. Kungiyar ta kasance batun tayin sayen kulob daga hamshakin mai yada labarai Robert Maxwell a shekarar 1984 da kuma dillalin gidaje Michael Knighton a shekarar 1989, kafin a bai wa jama'a damar sayen kulob din a shekarar 1991; sun sake samun tayin sayen kulob din daga kamfanin talabijin na [[Rupert Murdoch]] mallakar British Sky Broadcasting a shekarar 1998 kafin a sanar da hannun jarin Malcolm Glazer a watan Satumba na shekarar 2003. A ƙarshen shekarar 2003, Glazer ya ƙara yawan hannun jarinsa daga kashi 3.17% zuwa kusan kashi 15%, wanda kusan ya ninka sau biyu a shekarar har zuwa Oktoba 2004. Sayen hannun jarinsa na John Magnier da JP McManus na kashi 28.7% a watan Mayun 2005 ya ƙara nasa hannun jari zuwa kusan kashi 57%, wanda ya zarce kashi 30% wanda hakan zai tilasta masa ƙaddamar da tayin mallakar hannun jari. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ya mallaki kashi 75% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar cire kamfanin daga kasuwar hannayen jari ta London, kuma cikin wata guda, Glazers sun kwace kashi 98% na mallakar ƙungiyar ta hanyar kamfanin iyayen Red Football, wanda hakan ya tilasta musu rage sauran kashi 2%. Farashin siyan ƙungiyar na ƙarshe ya kai kusan £ 800&nbsp;miliyan. Yawancin jarin da Glazer ya yi amfani da shi wajen siyan Manchester United sun zo ne ta hanyar lamuni, yawancinsu an yi su ne da kadarorin kulob din, wanda hakan ya sa aka biya sama da fam 60.&nbsp;miliyan a kowace shekara. Sauran sun zo ne ta hanyar lamunin PIK (biya ta hanyar lamunin irin wannan), wanda daga baya aka sayar wa asusun ajiyar kuɗi . Manchester United ba ta da alhakin PIKs, waɗanda Red Football Joint Venture ke riƙe da su kuma an tabbatar da su a hannun jarin wannan kamfanin a Red Football (da haka ƙungiyar). Ribar da aka samu a fannin PIK ta karu da kashi 14.25% a kowace shekara. Duk da haka, Glazers ba su biya ko ɗaya daga cikin basussukan PIK ba a cikin shekaru biyar na farko da suka mallaki ƙungiyar. A watan Janairun 2010, kulob din ya yi nasarar samun £500&nbsp;bayar da bashin miliyan, kuma zuwa Maris 2010, PIKs sun kai kusan £207&nbsp;miliyan. Daga ƙarshe an biya PIKs a watan Nuwamba na 2010 ta hanyar da ba a fayyace ba. A watan Agusta na 2012, a matsayin wani ɓangare na sake fasalin kuɗi, Glazers sun sayar da hannun jari da dama a Manchester United a cikin tayin farko na jama'a (IPO) a Kasuwar Hannun Jari ta New York (NYSE). Wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun yi adawa da karɓar ƙungiyar Glazer, musamman lokacin da suka fahimci matakin bashin da ƙungiyar za ta ɗauka bayan ta shafe shekaru da yawa ba tare da basussuka ba. Saboda haka magoya bayan sun fito kan tituna don yin zanga-zanga kan Glazers. Masoya da ba su ji daɗin ba sun ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC United ta Manchester a shekarar 2005, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andy Mitten |date=2015-05-12 |title=Glazers, disgruntlement and grit: The inside story of FC United of Manchester's birth |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/glazers-disgruntlement-and-grit-inside-story-fc-united-manchesters-birth |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=fourfourtwo.com |language=en}}</ref> wacce ta shiga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta North West County kuma ta buga wasa a gasar National League North ta mataki na shida daga 2015 zuwa 2019. Tun daga shekarar 2005, ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ta yi aiki kan hanyoyin da za su mayar da mallakar ƙungiyar ga magoya baya, ciki har da yunƙurin da bai yi nasara ba a shekarar 2010 na siyan ƙungiyar a wani tayin karɓar ƙungiyar da ya kai fam biliyan ɗaya tare da ƙungiyar masu kuɗi ta Manchester United da ake wa lakabi da "Red Knights". Sauran ƙungiyoyi kamar Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association da The 1958 sun yi ƙarin yunƙuri don samun nasara daban-daban. ==Asali== [[File:Rupert Murdoch 2011 Shankbone 3.JPG|thumb|upright|Manchester United ya kasance batun tayin saye daga [[Rupert Murdoch]] ta hannun [[Sky UK|BSkyB]] a shekarar 1998.|alt=Hoton rabin jikin wani tsoho mai sanƙo, mai furfura a gefen kansa. Yana sanye da tabarau da farar riga mai ɗaurin wuya shuɗi da baƙar riga.]] An kafa Manchester United a matsayin Newton Heath LYR F.C. a shekarar 1878 daga ma'aikatan sashen kera kekunan fasinja da na kaya na [[Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway]] a [[Newton Heath TMD|ma'ajiyar Newton Heath]].<ref>Murphy, shafi na 11.</ref> A shekarar 1901, ƙungiyar tana da bashin sama da £2,500 kuma tana fuskantar umarnin [[liquidation|rufe kamfanin]];<ref>Murphy, shafi na 14.</ref> amma wani mai sana'ar giya na yankin mai suna [[John Henry Davies]] ya ceto ta, sannan ya sauya sunanta zuwa Manchester United a shekarar 1902.<ref>Murphy, shafuffuka na 15–16.</ref> Bayan rasuwar Davies a shekarar 1927, ƙungiyar ta sake fuskantar matsalolin kuɗi, amma [[James W. Gibson]] ya shiga a matsayin sabon mai taimakon kuɗi a shekarar 1931.<ref>Murphy, shafuffuka na 36, 39.</ref> Gibson da kansa ya rasu a shekarar 1951, amma yayin da matarsa, Violet, ta gaji mallakar ƙungiyar, iko ya koma hannun darakta kuma tsohon ɗan wasa [[Harold Hardman]].<ref>White, shafi na 92.</ref> A halin da ake ciki, wani ɗan kasuwa na yankin mai suna [[Louis Edwards (businessman)|Louis Edwards]] ya fara tara hannun jari a Manchester United<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 58.</ref> kuma daga ƙarshe aka naɗa shi shugaban ƙungiyar bayan rasuwar Hardman a shekarar 1965.<ref>White, shafi na 153.</ref> Ɗansa, [[Martin Edwards]], ya sayi kaso na hannun jari daga Alan Gibson<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 134.</ref> – ɗan tsohon mai ƙungiyar James Gibson – kuma ya zama babban [[shareholder|mai hannun jari]] da shugaban ƙungiyar bayan rasuwar Louis Edwards a shekarar 1980.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 168–169.</ref> A lokacin Martin Edwards a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar, Manchester United ta fuskanci tayin saye da dama; na farko ya fito ne daga attajirin kafafen yaɗa labarai [[Robert Maxwell]], wanda ya yi tayin £10&nbsp;million a watan Fabrairun 1984, amma sayarwar ta gaza kammala kafin a fara tattaunawa mai zurfi.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 184–186.</ref> A shekarar 1989, attajirin harkar gidaje [[Michael Knighton]] ya kusa kammala sayen ƙungiyar kan £20&nbsp;million,<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 277–278.</ref> amma masu ba shi kuɗin tallafi suka janye a ƙarshe<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 284.</ref> kuma dole ya wadatu da samun kujera a hukumar gudanarwa kawai.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 293.</ref> An sanya Manchester United a kasuwar hannun jari a shekarar 1991,<ref>Bose, shafi na 78.</ref> kuma ta sake samun wani tayin saye a shekarar 1998, a wannan karon daga [[Rupert Murdoch]] ta hannun [[Sky UK|BSkyB]].<ref>Bose, shafi na 114.</ref> Hukumar Manchester United ta amince da tayin £623&nbsp;million,<ref>Bose, shafi na 157.</ref> amma [[Competition Commission (United Kingdom)|Hukumar Gasar Ciniki da Haɗe-haɗe]] ta dakile sayen a mataki na ƙarshe a watan Afrilun 1999.<ref>Bose, shafi na 175.</ref> Bayan wasu shekaru, an samu rikicin iko tsakanin kocin ƙungiyar, [[Alex Ferguson|Sir Alex Ferguson]], da abokan huldarsa a harkar tseren dawakai, [[John Magnier]] da [[J. P. McManus]], waɗanda a hankali suka zama manyan masu hannun jari ta hannun kamfaninsu, Cubic Expression.<ref>Bose, shafi na 234.</ref> A cikin rikicin da ya samo asali daga takaddamar mallakar dokin [[Rock of Gibraltar (horse)|Rock of Gibraltar]], Magnier da McManus sun yi ƙoƙarin cire Ferguson daga matsayin koci, yayin da hukumar ta fara tuntuɓar masu saka jari domin rage tasirin 'yan ƙasar Ireland ɗin.<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 234–235.</ref> A halin da ake ciki, [[Avram Glazer]] – ɗan [[Malcolm Glazer]] – yana nazarin saka jari a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Turai. Iyalin Glazer sun riga sun mallaki wasu kasuwanci a [[United States|Amurka]] kuma sun sayi ikon mallakar ƙungiyar [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]] ta [[National Football League]] a shekarar 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Birnbaum |first=Justin |title=Meet The Billionaire Family Behind The Tampa Bay Buccaneers, One Of The NFL's Least Valuable Teams |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/justinbirnbaum/2021/02/07/meet-the-billionaire-glazer-family-behind-the-tampa-bay-buccaneers-one-of-the-nfls-least-valuable-teams/ |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Sun shawo kan gwamnatin yankin ta ba da kuɗin gina [[Raymond James Stadium|sabon filin wasa]] na Buccaneers a shekarar 1998, kuma ƙungiyar ta lashe [[Super Bowl]] na farko a [[Super Bowl XXXVII|Janairun 2003]].<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 219–220.</ref> ==Siyan hannun jari da samun iko== [[File:Raymond James Stadium02.JPG|thumb|left|Ginin [[Raymond James Stadium]] a [[Tampa, Florida]] na daga cikin manyan sauye-sauyen farko da Glazers suka yi bayan sun sayi [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]].|alt=Hoton wani filin wasa na wasanni da aka ɗauka daga gefe, ana kallon filin a karkace.]] Bayan da hukumar Manchester United ta fara neman sabbin masu saka jari,<ref>Bose, shafi na 235.</ref> Glazers sun sayi kaso na farko na hannun jarin Manchester United a ranar 2 ga Maris 2003, inda suka kashe kusan £9&nbsp;million kan kaso na 2.9%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Super Bowl hero takes a slice of Man Utd |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2813439.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2003 |access-date=1 April 2011 }}</ref> wanda suka saya ta hannun wani [[holding company|kamfanin riƙe hannun jari]] mai suna Red Football. A ranar 26 ga Satumba 2003, an ruwaito cewa sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa 3.17%,<ref name="US investor ups Man Utd stake">{{cite news |title=US investor ups Man Utd stake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3141968.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 September 2003 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> lamarin da ya kai hannun jarinsu sama da kashi 3% wanda ya tilasta musu sanar da shugabannin ƙungiyar. Tuni ake ta hasashe sosai kan yiwuwar sayen ƙungiyar, ko dai ta hannun Glazers ko kuma wasu daga cikin masu sha'awar sayen ta.<ref name="US investor ups Man Utd stake"/> Zuwa ranar 20 ga Oktoba, sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa 8.93%,<ref>{{cite news |title=US tycoon ups Man Utd stake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3207492.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 October 2003 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> sannan a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, an ruwaito cewa sun mallaki kusan kashi 15% na ƙungiyar kuma sun gana da [[David Gill (executive)|David Gill]], babban jami'in gudanarwa, domin tattauna manufofinsu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Share deal sparks Man U bid talk |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3246512.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=29 November 2003 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 2004, Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu a ƙungiyar zuwa 16.31%, kuma a ranar da ta biyo baya ''[[Financial Times]]'' ta ruwaito cewa sun umarci [[Commerzbank]] da ta binciki yiwuwar tayin sayen ƙungiyar. Farashin hannun jarin ƙungiyar ya ƙaru da 5% a wannan rana, lamarin da ya kai darajar ƙungiyar gaba ɗaya zuwa £741&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=US bid talk lifts Man Utd shares |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3485393.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=13 February 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa sama da kashi 19% a watan Yunin da ya biyo baya, duk da cewa har yanzu ba su ne manyan masu hannun jari ba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer raises stake in Man United |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3835575.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=24 June 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> Hannun jarinsu ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa, inda ya kusan kai kashi 30% a watan Oktoban 2004. Da suka kai kashi 30%, za a tilasta musu ƙaddamar da tayin saye na hukuma.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer stake in Man Utd nears 30% |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3754598.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=19 October 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2005, sama da magoya bayan Manchester United 400 sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a Old Trafford kan yiwuwar Glazers su sayi ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lutz |first1=Tom |title=United protesters rage at Glazer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/feb/10/newsstory.sport4 |access-date=7 May 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=10 February 2005}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Mayu 2005, Red Football ta sanar da cewa ta cimma yarjejeniya da masu hannun jari [[J. P. McManus]] da [[John Magnier]] domin sayen kaso 28.7% na Cubic Expression a ƙungiyar, lamarin da ya bai wa Glazers ikon gudanar da ƙungiyar tare da kusan kashi 57% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer wins control of Man United |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4540939.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=12 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Daga nan suka samu nasarar sayen hannun jarin na mutum na uku mafi girman masu hannun jari, ɗan kasuwar hakar ma'adinai na Scotland Harry Dobson, wanda ya kai jimillar hannun jarinsu zuwa kashi 62% na ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Q&A: Malcolm Glazer and Man Utd |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4541645.stm |publisher=BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=16 May 2005 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Zuwa ranar 13 ga Mayu, Glazers sun sake sayen kaso 12.8%, inda jimillar mallakarsu ta kai kashi 74.81%, kusa da matakin kashi 75% wanda zai ba su damar kawo ƙarshen matsayin ƙungiyar a matsayin [[public limited company|kamfani na jama'a mai iyakantaccen alhaki]] (PLC) tare da cire hannun jarinta daga [[London Stock Exchange]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer statement infuriates fans |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4545339.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=13 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Mayu, Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu a Manchester United zuwa 75.7%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer Man Utd stake exceeds 75% |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4550141.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=16 May 2005 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> sannan wata guda daga baya, a ranar 22 ga Yuni, suka cire hannun jarin ƙungiyar daga kasuwar hannun jari a karon farko cikin shekaru 14.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd shares leave stock market |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4118312.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=22 June 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Hannun jarin Glazers ya ƙaru a hankali zuwa kashi 76.2% a ranar 23 ga Mayu, lokacin da suka yi tayin ƙarshe na pence 300 kan kowane hannun jari, tare da sanya ƙarshen lokacin karɓar tayin a ƙarfe 3 na rana ranar 13 ga Yuni.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer makes final Man Utd offer |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4573617.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 26 ga Mayu, hukumar Manchester United ta rubuta wa sauran masu hannun jari tana sanar da aniyarta ta sayar da hannun jarin nata tare da ba da shawarar cewa sauran su yi hakan; a cikin wannan wasiƙar, shugaban ƙungiyar [[Roy Gardner (businessman)|Sir Roy Gardner]] da daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum Ian Much da [[Jim O'Neill (economist)|Jim O'Neill]] sun miƙa takardun murabus ɗinsu.<ref>{{cite news |title=United board accepts Glazer bid |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4582915.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Yuni, an naɗa Avram Glazer da 'yan'uwansa [[Joel Glazer|Joel]] da [[Bryan Glazer|Bryan]] a hukumar Manchester United a matsayin daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matthew |last=Garrahan |title=Triple Glazers for Manchester United board |url=https://app.ft.com/content/533c6d90-d783-11d9-9f43-00000e2511c8 |work=Financial Times |date=7 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> Duk da ƙarfafawar hukumar, hannun jarin Glazers a ƙungiyar ya kai kashi 97.3% ne kawai zuwa ranar 14 ga Yuni, ƙasa da matakin 97.6% da ake buƙata domin tilasta sayen duk sauran hannun jarin masu hannun jari, abin da ya sa suka tsawaita wa'adin tayin sayen sauran hannun jari zuwa ranar 27 ga Yuni.<ref name="extend">{{cite news |title=Glazer extends Man Utd deadline |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4090612.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=14 June 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Wata sanarwa da aka fitar a ranar 28 ga Yuni ta ce hannun jarin Red Football ya kai kashi 98% (hannun jari 259,950,194), lamarin da ya haifar da [[squeeze-out|tilasta sayen hannun jarin sauran masu hannun jari]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer gets 98% of Man Utd shares |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4629401.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 June 2005 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> Ƙimar ƙarshe ta ƙungiyar ta kusan £790&nbsp;million (kimanin [[United States dollar|$]]1.5&nbsp;billion bisa ga canjin kuɗi na lokacin).<ref name="extend"/> ==Bayan saye== [[File:David Gill (ManUtd).jpg|thumb|David Gill ya ci gaba da zama babban jami'in gudanarwa na Manchester United bayan Glazers sun karɓi iko a shekarar 2005.|alt=Hoton wani mutum daga gefe mai furfura. Yana sanye da riga shuɗi mai haske da ɗaurin wuya ja da baƙar riga.]] A ranar 29 ga Yuni 2005, a ziyararsu ta farko zuwa Old Trafford bayan kammala sayen ƙungiyar, Joel, Bryan da Avram Glazer sun fuskanci zanga-zangar kusan magoya bayan Manchester United 300 waɗanda suka yi adawa da sabon mallakar ƙungiyar. An tura kusan jami'an 'yan sandan Greater Manchester 100 zuwa filin wasan domin ƙoƙarin dakile duk wani tashin hankali, amma an ruwaito cewa an jefi motocin 'yan sanda da wasu abubuwa tare da rera taken "die, Glazer, die"; an kama mutane biyu. Mataimakin shugaban Shareholders United, Sean Bones, ya bayyana cewa "iyalan Glazer makiyan Manchester United ne".<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazers escape after fans protest |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4635727.stm |website=BBC Sport |date=30 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> Daraktan ƙungiyar kuma tsohon ɗan wasa Bobby Charlton ya ba Glazers uzuri a bainar jama'a kan irin tarbar da aka yi musu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Charlton gives apology to Glazers |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4637731.stm |website=BBC Sport |date=30 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> A matsayin ƙarin martani ga sayen ƙungiyar, wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun kafa sabuwar ƙungiya mai suna F.C. United of Manchester. Wannan ƙungiyar da ake kira "ƙungiyar phoenix" an karɓe ta cikin rukuni na biyu na North West Counties Football League, inda ta kasance matakan ci gaba biyar daga The Football League, kuma ta samu damar ɗagawa a kowane ɗaya daga cikin kakar wasanni uku na farko, har sau biyu a matsayin zakarar gasar.<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 341–343.</ref> Bayan sayen ƙungiyar, Manchester United ta ci gaba da samun nasara, inda a kakar 2005–06 aka faɗaɗa ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane na Old Trafford tare da sanya hannu kan wata sabuwar yarjejeniyar tallafin rigar ƙungiyar mai kawo kuɗi mai yawa a watan Afrilun 2006 da kamfanin Amurka American International Group (AIG), wanda ke da babban kaso a wani kamfanin hedge fund da ya taimaka wajen samar da kuɗin sayen ƙungiyar da Glazer suka yi.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steven |last=Downes |title=United score record sponsor deal |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/leisure/article702645.ece |work=Times Online |publisher=Times Newspapers |location=London |date=6 April 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 }}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} {{subscription required}}</ref> Ƙarin kuɗaɗen shiga daga haƙƙin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na kowace gasa da ƙungiyar ke shiga, da kuma yarjejeniyoyin tallafi daban-daban, sun ƙara ribar ƙungiyar. Wannan ya faru duk da fargabar da magoya baya da dama ke da ita cewa bashin da aka ɗauka wajen sayen ƙungiyar zai iya jefa ta cikin rashin iya biyan basussuka.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United's profits flat |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6300015.stm |publisher=BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=26 January 2007 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Sabanin fargabar magoya baya da dama, Glazers sun ɗauki mataki domin tabbatar da cewa Gill da gogaggen koci Alex Ferguson sun ci gaba da kasancewa a Manchester United, suna bayyana nasarar da su biyun suka samu tare da ƙungiyar a matsayin dalili.<ref>{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Taylor |title=Ferguson seeks head to head with Glazer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/may/14/newsstory.manchesterunited3 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=14 May 2005 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Taylor |title=Ferguson heaps pressure on rivals after Gill confirms he will stay on |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/apr/08/newsstory.sport3 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=8 April 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref> A shekarar 2006, an naɗa wasu 'ya'yan Malcolm Glazer biyu, Kevin da Edward, da 'yarsa Darcie a hukumar Manchester United a matsayin daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum.<ref>{{cite news |first=Andrew |last=Murray-Watson |title=Glazer puts three more of his children on Manchester United's board |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2941347/Glazer-puts-three-more-of-his-children-on-Manchester-Uniteds-board.html |work=Telegraph.co.uk |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |date=18 June 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Three more Glazer siblings to join United board |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/jun/19/newsstory.sport1?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=19 June 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref> ==Sake tsara tsarin bashi== Bashin da Glazers suka ɗauka domin samar da kuɗin sayen ƙungiyar an raba shi tsakanin ƙungiyar da iyalin; tsakanin £265&nbsp;million da £275&nbsp;million an jinginar da su kan kadarorin Manchester United,<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Manchester United profits fall by £12.3m |url=http://sport.scotsman.com/malcolmglazer/Manchester-United-profits-fall-by.2745101.jp |work=The Scotsman |publisher=Johnston Press Digital Publishing |date=24 January 2006 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> lamarin da ya jefa ƙungiyar cikin bashi a karon farko tun lokacin da James Gibson ya ceto ta a shekarar 1931. Wasu asusun saka jari na Amurka guda uku ne suka bayar da wannan rancen: Citadel, Och-Ziff Capital Management da Perry Capital.<ref name="payment_rise">{{cite news |first=David |last=Bond |title=Manchester United owners hit by debt payment rise |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8931026.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 August 2010 |access-date=1 July 2011 }}</ref> Jimillar kuɗin ta kai £660&nbsp;million, inda kuɗin ruwa ya kai £62&nbsp;million a kowace shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bolland |first=Henry |date=2024-12-02 |title=How did the Glazers buy Manchester United? |url=https://millwoodfinance.com/how-did-the-glazers-buy-manchester-united/ |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=Mill Wood |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta bayyana cewa, "Darajar Manchester United ta ƙaru a shekarar da ta gabata, shi ya sa masu ba da bashi suke son saka jari a ƙungiyar... Wannan matakin yana wakiltar kyakkyawan tsarin gudanar da harkokin kuɗi kuma yana tabbatar da cewa za a samar wa Sir Alex Ferguson isassun kuɗaɗe domin yin gasa a kasuwar saye da sayar da 'yan wasa." Manchester United Supporters Trust ta mayar da martani da cewa, "Adadin kuɗin da ake buƙatar biya gaba ɗaya yana da yawa... Biyan kuɗin ruwa abu ɗaya ne, amma me game da ainihin £660&nbsp;million? Yana da wahala a ga yadda za a iya samun waɗannan kuɗaɗen ba tare da ƙarin farashin tikiti mai yawa ba, wanda, kamar yadda muka daɗe muna zargi, yana nufin cewa a zahiri magoya baya ne za su biya kuɗin da wani ya ciwo domin ya mallaki ƙungiyarsu."<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd play down fears after £660m refinancing |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=374009&cc=5739 |archive-url=https://arcive.today/20120527041225/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=374009&cc=5739 |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 May 2012 |work=ESPN Soccernet |publisher=ESPN |date=18 July 2006 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Helen |last=Power |title=Credit crisis one year on: Risky debt notes could be a losing game |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/2794340/Credit-crisis-one-year-on-Risky-debt-notes-could-be-a-losing-game.html |work=The Telegraph |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |location=London |date=6 August 2008 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Bisa sharuɗɗan sake tsara bashin na Glazers, saboda sun kasa biyan masu riƙe da takardun bashi zuwa ranar 16 ga Agusta 2010, yawan kuɗin ruwa kan rancen ya tashi daga 14.25% zuwa 16.25%, lamarin da ya haifar da biyan kusan £38&nbsp;million a shekara.<ref name="payment_rise"/> A ranar 11 ga Janairu 2010, jim kaɗan kafin sanarwar cewa bashin Red Football ya ƙaru zuwa £716.5&nbsp;million ($1.17&nbsp;billion),<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United debt hits £716m |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8470595.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Manchester United ta sanar da aniyarta ta sake tsara bashin ta hanyar fitar da takardun bashi da darajarsu ta kai kusan £500&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United to raise £500m |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8451848.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=11 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Sun yi nasarar tara £504&nbsp;million cikin ƙasa da makonni biyu, lamarin da ya ba su damar biyan kusan dukkanin £509&nbsp;million da ake bin bankunan ƙasa da ƙasa. An fitar da takardun bashin kashi biyu; na farko yana da kuɗin ruwa na 8.75% kuma darajarsa £250&nbsp;million ce, yayin da na biyu ke da kuɗin ruwa na 8.375% kuma darajarsa $425&nbsp;million ce. Kuɗin ruwa na shekara-shekara da ake biya kan bashin ya kai kusan £45&nbsp;million a shekara, kuma lokacin biyan bashin zai ƙare a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2017.<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Wilson |title=Manchester United raise £504m in bond issue |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8475317.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=22 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> A cikin takardar bayanin bashin akwai wasu sharuɗɗa da za su ba Glazers damar fitar da manyan kuɗaɗe daga ƙungiyar domin biyan PIKs zuwa shekarar 2015. Waɗannan sun haɗa da fitar da £95&nbsp;million a matsayin kuɗin hannu, sayarwa da sake hayar Trafford Training Centre da ke Carrington, da kuma damar Glazers su ba kansu kashi 50% na ribar da ƙungiyar ta samu bayan an haɗa dukkan kuɗaɗenta a kowace shekara.<ref name="haemorrhage"/> A watan Mayun 2010, kafin wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa, daruruwan magoya bayan Manchester United sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a wajen Old Trafford kan mallakar Glazers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Smoke bomb at Manchester United in anti-Glazer protest |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/manchester/8671176.stm |access-date=7 May 2021 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=9 May 2010}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 2010, an bayyana cewa Glazers za su biya sauran £220&nbsp;million da ke cikin rancen PIK zuwa ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2010.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Owen |last1=Gibson |first2=Daniel |last2=Taylor |title=Manchester United fans want answers as Glazers prepare to pay off debt |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/16/glazers-manchester-united-debt-repayment |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref> A lokacin, rancen yana tara kuɗin ruwa da kashi 16.25%, saboda jimillar bashin ƙungiyar ya zarce [[earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization|EBITDA]] da fiye da ninki biyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=The full details on the terms of the PIKs |url=http://www.andersred.blogspot.co.uk/2010/11/full-details-on-terms-of-piks.html |publisher=the andersred blog |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref>{{sps|date=May 2026}} Duk da haka, ƙungiyar ta ce ba a yi amfani da ko sisi daga cikin kuɗinta wajen biyan bashin ba, lamarin da ya haifar da tambayoyi kan yadda iyalin Glazer suka samo kuɗin; hanyoyin da aka yi hasashe sun haɗa da sayar da wani kaso na ƙungiyar ga wani ɓangare na uku, sayar da wasu ko dukkan sauran kasuwancin iyalin, da kuma – wanda aka ɗauka a matsayin mafi yiwuwa – sake tsara rancen PIK ta hanyar wani sabon rance mai ƙaramin kuɗin ruwa.<ref>{{cite news |first=Owen |last=Gibson |title=So how did the Glazers raise the money to pay off a £220m loan? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/17/the-glazer-family-loan-piks |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=17 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref> 852zn0ihohnbrmt4bvng6trnbvnf8kz 961728 961725 2026-10-02T06:35:54Z Sirjat 20447 /* Sake tsara tsarin bashi */ 961728 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Manchester United F.C.|Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Manchester United]] ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ce ta Ingila da ke Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. An kafa ƙungiyar a matsayin Newton Heath LYR Football Club, ƙungiyar aiki ta Lancashire da Yorkshire Railway depot da ke Newton Heath, a shekarar 1878. Kulob din ya rabu da kamfanin jirgin ƙasa a shekarar 1892 kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin mallakar kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na kusan shekaru 100.&nbsp;shekaru da dama, ta canza sunanta zuwa Manchester United bayan an ceto ta daga fatara a shekarar 1902. Kungiyar ta kasance batun tayin sayen kulob daga hamshakin mai yada labarai Robert Maxwell a shekarar 1984 da kuma dillalin gidaje Michael Knighton a shekarar 1989, kafin a bai wa jama'a damar sayen kulob din a shekarar 1991; sun sake samun tayin sayen kulob din daga kamfanin talabijin na [[Rupert Murdoch]] mallakar British Sky Broadcasting a shekarar 1998 kafin a sanar da hannun jarin Malcolm Glazer a watan Satumba na shekarar 2003. A ƙarshen shekarar 2003, Glazer ya ƙara yawan hannun jarinsa daga kashi 3.17% zuwa kusan kashi 15%, wanda kusan ya ninka sau biyu a shekarar har zuwa Oktoba 2004. Sayen hannun jarinsa na John Magnier da JP McManus na kashi 28.7% a watan Mayun 2005 ya ƙara nasa hannun jari zuwa kusan kashi 57%, wanda ya zarce kashi 30% wanda hakan zai tilasta masa ƙaddamar da tayin mallakar hannun jari. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ya mallaki kashi 75% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar cire kamfanin daga kasuwar hannayen jari ta London, kuma cikin wata guda, Glazers sun kwace kashi 98% na mallakar ƙungiyar ta hanyar kamfanin iyayen Red Football, wanda hakan ya tilasta musu rage sauran kashi 2%. Farashin siyan ƙungiyar na ƙarshe ya kai kusan £ 800&nbsp;miliyan. Yawancin jarin da Glazer ya yi amfani da shi wajen siyan Manchester United sun zo ne ta hanyar lamuni, yawancinsu an yi su ne da kadarorin kulob din, wanda hakan ya sa aka biya sama da fam 60.&nbsp;miliyan a kowace shekara. Sauran sun zo ne ta hanyar lamunin PIK (biya ta hanyar lamunin irin wannan), wanda daga baya aka sayar wa asusun ajiyar kuɗi . Manchester United ba ta da alhakin PIKs, waɗanda Red Football Joint Venture ke riƙe da su kuma an tabbatar da su a hannun jarin wannan kamfanin a Red Football (da haka ƙungiyar). Ribar da aka samu a fannin PIK ta karu da kashi 14.25% a kowace shekara. Duk da haka, Glazers ba su biya ko ɗaya daga cikin basussukan PIK ba a cikin shekaru biyar na farko da suka mallaki ƙungiyar. A watan Janairun 2010, kulob din ya yi nasarar samun £500&nbsp;bayar da bashin miliyan, kuma zuwa Maris 2010, PIKs sun kai kusan £207&nbsp;miliyan. Daga ƙarshe an biya PIKs a watan Nuwamba na 2010 ta hanyar da ba a fayyace ba. A watan Agusta na 2012, a matsayin wani ɓangare na sake fasalin kuɗi, Glazers sun sayar da hannun jari da dama a Manchester United a cikin tayin farko na jama'a (IPO) a Kasuwar Hannun Jari ta New York (NYSE). Wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun yi adawa da karɓar ƙungiyar Glazer, musamman lokacin da suka fahimci matakin bashin da ƙungiyar za ta ɗauka bayan ta shafe shekaru da yawa ba tare da basussuka ba. Saboda haka magoya bayan sun fito kan tituna don yin zanga-zanga kan Glazers. Masoya da ba su ji daɗin ba sun ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC United ta Manchester a shekarar 2005, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andy Mitten |date=2015-05-12 |title=Glazers, disgruntlement and grit: The inside story of FC United of Manchester's birth |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/glazers-disgruntlement-and-grit-inside-story-fc-united-manchesters-birth |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=fourfourtwo.com |language=en}}</ref> wacce ta shiga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta North West County kuma ta buga wasa a gasar National League North ta mataki na shida daga 2015 zuwa 2019. Tun daga shekarar 2005, ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ta yi aiki kan hanyoyin da za su mayar da mallakar ƙungiyar ga magoya baya, ciki har da yunƙurin da bai yi nasara ba a shekarar 2010 na siyan ƙungiyar a wani tayin karɓar ƙungiyar da ya kai fam biliyan ɗaya tare da ƙungiyar masu kuɗi ta Manchester United da ake wa lakabi da "Red Knights". Sauran ƙungiyoyi kamar Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association da The 1958 sun yi ƙarin yunƙuri don samun nasara daban-daban. ==Asali== [[File:Rupert Murdoch 2011 Shankbone 3.JPG|thumb|upright|Manchester United ya kasance batun tayin saye daga [[Rupert Murdoch]] ta hannun [[Sky UK|BSkyB]] a shekarar 1998.|alt=Hoton rabin jikin wani tsoho mai sanƙo, mai furfura a gefen kansa. Yana sanye da tabarau da farar riga mai ɗaurin wuya shuɗi da baƙar riga.]] An kafa Manchester United a matsayin Newton Heath LYR F.C. a shekarar 1878 daga ma'aikatan sashen kera kekunan fasinja da na kaya na [[Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway]] a [[Newton Heath TMD|ma'ajiyar Newton Heath]].<ref>Murphy, shafi na 11.</ref> A shekarar 1901, ƙungiyar tana da bashin sama da £2,500 kuma tana fuskantar umarnin [[liquidation|rufe kamfanin]];<ref>Murphy, shafi na 14.</ref> amma wani mai sana'ar giya na yankin mai suna [[John Henry Davies]] ya ceto ta, sannan ya sauya sunanta zuwa Manchester United a shekarar 1902.<ref>Murphy, shafuffuka na 15–16.</ref> Bayan rasuwar Davies a shekarar 1927, ƙungiyar ta sake fuskantar matsalolin kuɗi, amma [[James W. Gibson]] ya shiga a matsayin sabon mai taimakon kuɗi a shekarar 1931.<ref>Murphy, shafuffuka na 36, 39.</ref> Gibson da kansa ya rasu a shekarar 1951, amma yayin da matarsa, Violet, ta gaji mallakar ƙungiyar, iko ya koma hannun darakta kuma tsohon ɗan wasa [[Harold Hardman]].<ref>White, shafi na 92.</ref> A halin da ake ciki, wani ɗan kasuwa na yankin mai suna [[Louis Edwards (businessman)|Louis Edwards]] ya fara tara hannun jari a Manchester United<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 58.</ref> kuma daga ƙarshe aka naɗa shi shugaban ƙungiyar bayan rasuwar Hardman a shekarar 1965.<ref>White, shafi na 153.</ref> Ɗansa, [[Martin Edwards]], ya sayi kaso na hannun jari daga Alan Gibson<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 134.</ref> – ɗan tsohon mai ƙungiyar James Gibson – kuma ya zama babban [[shareholder|mai hannun jari]] da shugaban ƙungiyar bayan rasuwar Louis Edwards a shekarar 1980.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 168–169.</ref> A lokacin Martin Edwards a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar, Manchester United ta fuskanci tayin saye da dama; na farko ya fito ne daga attajirin kafafen yaɗa labarai [[Robert Maxwell]], wanda ya yi tayin £10&nbsp;million a watan Fabrairun 1984, amma sayarwar ta gaza kammala kafin a fara tattaunawa mai zurfi.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 184–186.</ref> A shekarar 1989, attajirin harkar gidaje [[Michael Knighton]] ya kusa kammala sayen ƙungiyar kan £20&nbsp;million,<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 277–278.</ref> amma masu ba shi kuɗin tallafi suka janye a ƙarshe<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 284.</ref> kuma dole ya wadatu da samun kujera a hukumar gudanarwa kawai.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 293.</ref> An sanya Manchester United a kasuwar hannun jari a shekarar 1991,<ref>Bose, shafi na 78.</ref> kuma ta sake samun wani tayin saye a shekarar 1998, a wannan karon daga [[Rupert Murdoch]] ta hannun [[Sky UK|BSkyB]].<ref>Bose, shafi na 114.</ref> Hukumar Manchester United ta amince da tayin £623&nbsp;million,<ref>Bose, shafi na 157.</ref> amma [[Competition Commission (United Kingdom)|Hukumar Gasar Ciniki da Haɗe-haɗe]] ta dakile sayen a mataki na ƙarshe a watan Afrilun 1999.<ref>Bose, shafi na 175.</ref> Bayan wasu shekaru, an samu rikicin iko tsakanin kocin ƙungiyar, [[Alex Ferguson|Sir Alex Ferguson]], da abokan huldarsa a harkar tseren dawakai, [[John Magnier]] da [[J. P. McManus]], waɗanda a hankali suka zama manyan masu hannun jari ta hannun kamfaninsu, Cubic Expression.<ref>Bose, shafi na 234.</ref> A cikin rikicin da ya samo asali daga takaddamar mallakar dokin [[Rock of Gibraltar (horse)|Rock of Gibraltar]], Magnier da McManus sun yi ƙoƙarin cire Ferguson daga matsayin koci, yayin da hukumar ta fara tuntuɓar masu saka jari domin rage tasirin 'yan ƙasar Ireland ɗin.<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 234–235.</ref> A halin da ake ciki, [[Avram Glazer]] – ɗan [[Malcolm Glazer]] – yana nazarin saka jari a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Turai. Iyalin Glazer sun riga sun mallaki wasu kasuwanci a [[United States|Amurka]] kuma sun sayi ikon mallakar ƙungiyar [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]] ta [[National Football League]] a shekarar 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Birnbaum |first=Justin |title=Meet The Billionaire Family Behind The Tampa Bay Buccaneers, One Of The NFL's Least Valuable Teams |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/justinbirnbaum/2021/02/07/meet-the-billionaire-glazer-family-behind-the-tampa-bay-buccaneers-one-of-the-nfls-least-valuable-teams/ |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Sun shawo kan gwamnatin yankin ta ba da kuɗin gina [[Raymond James Stadium|sabon filin wasa]] na Buccaneers a shekarar 1998, kuma ƙungiyar ta lashe [[Super Bowl]] na farko a [[Super Bowl XXXVII|Janairun 2003]].<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 219–220.</ref> ==Siyan hannun jari da samun iko== [[File:Raymond James Stadium02.JPG|thumb|left|Ginin [[Raymond James Stadium]] a [[Tampa, Florida]] na daga cikin manyan sauye-sauyen farko da Glazers suka yi bayan sun sayi [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]].|alt=Hoton wani filin wasa na wasanni da aka ɗauka daga gefe, ana kallon filin a karkace.]] Bayan da hukumar Manchester United ta fara neman sabbin masu saka jari,<ref>Bose, shafi na 235.</ref> Glazers sun sayi kaso na farko na hannun jarin Manchester United a ranar 2 ga Maris 2003, inda suka kashe kusan £9&nbsp;million kan kaso na 2.9%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Super Bowl hero takes a slice of Man Utd |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2813439.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2003 |access-date=1 April 2011 }}</ref> wanda suka saya ta hannun wani [[holding company|kamfanin riƙe hannun jari]] mai suna Red Football. A ranar 26 ga Satumba 2003, an ruwaito cewa sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa 3.17%,<ref name="US investor ups Man Utd stake">{{cite news |title=US investor ups Man Utd stake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3141968.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 September 2003 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> lamarin da ya kai hannun jarinsu sama da kashi 3% wanda ya tilasta musu sanar da shugabannin ƙungiyar. Tuni ake ta hasashe sosai kan yiwuwar sayen ƙungiyar, ko dai ta hannun Glazers ko kuma wasu daga cikin masu sha'awar sayen ta.<ref name="US investor ups Man Utd stake"/> Zuwa ranar 20 ga Oktoba, sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa 8.93%,<ref>{{cite news |title=US tycoon ups Man Utd stake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3207492.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 October 2003 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> sannan a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, an ruwaito cewa sun mallaki kusan kashi 15% na ƙungiyar kuma sun gana da [[David Gill (executive)|David Gill]], babban jami'in gudanarwa, domin tattauna manufofinsu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Share deal sparks Man U bid talk |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3246512.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=29 November 2003 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 2004, Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu a ƙungiyar zuwa 16.31%, kuma a ranar da ta biyo baya ''[[Financial Times]]'' ta ruwaito cewa sun umarci [[Commerzbank]] da ta binciki yiwuwar tayin sayen ƙungiyar. Farashin hannun jarin ƙungiyar ya ƙaru da 5% a wannan rana, lamarin da ya kai darajar ƙungiyar gaba ɗaya zuwa £741&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=US bid talk lifts Man Utd shares |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3485393.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=13 February 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa sama da kashi 19% a watan Yunin da ya biyo baya, duk da cewa har yanzu ba su ne manyan masu hannun jari ba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer raises stake in Man United |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3835575.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=24 June 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> Hannun jarinsu ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa, inda ya kusan kai kashi 30% a watan Oktoban 2004. Da suka kai kashi 30%, za a tilasta musu ƙaddamar da tayin saye na hukuma.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer stake in Man Utd nears 30% |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3754598.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=19 October 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2005, sama da magoya bayan Manchester United 400 sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a Old Trafford kan yiwuwar Glazers su sayi ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lutz |first1=Tom |title=United protesters rage at Glazer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/feb/10/newsstory.sport4 |access-date=7 May 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=10 February 2005}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Mayu 2005, Red Football ta sanar da cewa ta cimma yarjejeniya da masu hannun jari [[J. P. McManus]] da [[John Magnier]] domin sayen kaso 28.7% na Cubic Expression a ƙungiyar, lamarin da ya bai wa Glazers ikon gudanar da ƙungiyar tare da kusan kashi 57% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer wins control of Man United |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4540939.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=12 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Daga nan suka samu nasarar sayen hannun jarin na mutum na uku mafi girman masu hannun jari, ɗan kasuwar hakar ma'adinai na Scotland Harry Dobson, wanda ya kai jimillar hannun jarinsu zuwa kashi 62% na ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Q&A: Malcolm Glazer and Man Utd |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4541645.stm |publisher=BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=16 May 2005 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Zuwa ranar 13 ga Mayu, Glazers sun sake sayen kaso 12.8%, inda jimillar mallakarsu ta kai kashi 74.81%, kusa da matakin kashi 75% wanda zai ba su damar kawo ƙarshen matsayin ƙungiyar a matsayin [[public limited company|kamfani na jama'a mai iyakantaccen alhaki]] (PLC) tare da cire hannun jarinta daga [[London Stock Exchange]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer statement infuriates fans |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4545339.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=13 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Mayu, Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu a Manchester United zuwa 75.7%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer Man Utd stake exceeds 75% |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4550141.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=16 May 2005 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> sannan wata guda daga baya, a ranar 22 ga Yuni, suka cire hannun jarin ƙungiyar daga kasuwar hannun jari a karon farko cikin shekaru 14.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd shares leave stock market |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4118312.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=22 June 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Hannun jarin Glazers ya ƙaru a hankali zuwa kashi 76.2% a ranar 23 ga Mayu, lokacin da suka yi tayin ƙarshe na pence 300 kan kowane hannun jari, tare da sanya ƙarshen lokacin karɓar tayin a ƙarfe 3 na rana ranar 13 ga Yuni.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer makes final Man Utd offer |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4573617.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 26 ga Mayu, hukumar Manchester United ta rubuta wa sauran masu hannun jari tana sanar da aniyarta ta sayar da hannun jarin nata tare da ba da shawarar cewa sauran su yi hakan; a cikin wannan wasiƙar, shugaban ƙungiyar [[Roy Gardner (businessman)|Sir Roy Gardner]] da daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum Ian Much da [[Jim O'Neill (economist)|Jim O'Neill]] sun miƙa takardun murabus ɗinsu.<ref>{{cite news |title=United board accepts Glazer bid |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4582915.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Yuni, an naɗa Avram Glazer da 'yan'uwansa [[Joel Glazer|Joel]] da [[Bryan Glazer|Bryan]] a hukumar Manchester United a matsayin daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matthew |last=Garrahan |title=Triple Glazers for Manchester United board |url=https://app.ft.com/content/533c6d90-d783-11d9-9f43-00000e2511c8 |work=Financial Times |date=7 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> Duk da ƙarfafawar hukumar, hannun jarin Glazers a ƙungiyar ya kai kashi 97.3% ne kawai zuwa ranar 14 ga Yuni, ƙasa da matakin 97.6% da ake buƙata domin tilasta sayen duk sauran hannun jarin masu hannun jari, abin da ya sa suka tsawaita wa'adin tayin sayen sauran hannun jari zuwa ranar 27 ga Yuni.<ref name="extend">{{cite news |title=Glazer extends Man Utd deadline |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4090612.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=14 June 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Wata sanarwa da aka fitar a ranar 28 ga Yuni ta ce hannun jarin Red Football ya kai kashi 98% (hannun jari 259,950,194), lamarin da ya haifar da [[squeeze-out|tilasta sayen hannun jarin sauran masu hannun jari]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer gets 98% of Man Utd shares |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4629401.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 June 2005 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> Ƙimar ƙarshe ta ƙungiyar ta kusan £790&nbsp;million (kimanin [[United States dollar|$]]1.5&nbsp;billion bisa ga canjin kuɗi na lokacin).<ref name="extend"/> ==Bayan saye== [[File:David Gill (ManUtd).jpg|thumb|David Gill ya ci gaba da zama babban jami'in gudanarwa na Manchester United bayan Glazers sun karɓi iko a shekarar 2005.|alt=Hoton wani mutum daga gefe mai furfura. Yana sanye da riga shuɗi mai haske da ɗaurin wuya ja da baƙar riga.]] A ranar 29 ga Yuni 2005, a ziyararsu ta farko zuwa Old Trafford bayan kammala sayen ƙungiyar, Joel, Bryan da Avram Glazer sun fuskanci zanga-zangar kusan magoya bayan Manchester United 300 waɗanda suka yi adawa da sabon mallakar ƙungiyar. An tura kusan jami'an 'yan sandan Greater Manchester 100 zuwa filin wasan domin ƙoƙarin dakile duk wani tashin hankali, amma an ruwaito cewa an jefi motocin 'yan sanda da wasu abubuwa tare da rera taken "die, Glazer, die"; an kama mutane biyu. Mataimakin shugaban Shareholders United, Sean Bones, ya bayyana cewa "iyalan Glazer makiyan Manchester United ne".<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazers escape after fans protest |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4635727.stm |website=BBC Sport |date=30 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> Daraktan ƙungiyar kuma tsohon ɗan wasa Bobby Charlton ya ba Glazers uzuri a bainar jama'a kan irin tarbar da aka yi musu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Charlton gives apology to Glazers |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4637731.stm |website=BBC Sport |date=30 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> A matsayin ƙarin martani ga sayen ƙungiyar, wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun kafa sabuwar ƙungiya mai suna F.C. United of Manchester. Wannan ƙungiyar da ake kira "ƙungiyar phoenix" an karɓe ta cikin rukuni na biyu na North West Counties Football League, inda ta kasance matakan ci gaba biyar daga The Football League, kuma ta samu damar ɗagawa a kowane ɗaya daga cikin kakar wasanni uku na farko, har sau biyu a matsayin zakarar gasar.<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 341–343.</ref> Bayan sayen ƙungiyar, Manchester United ta ci gaba da samun nasara, inda a kakar 2005–06 aka faɗaɗa ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane na Old Trafford tare da sanya hannu kan wata sabuwar yarjejeniyar tallafin rigar ƙungiyar mai kawo kuɗi mai yawa a watan Afrilun 2006 da kamfanin Amurka American International Group (AIG), wanda ke da babban kaso a wani kamfanin hedge fund da ya taimaka wajen samar da kuɗin sayen ƙungiyar da Glazer suka yi.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steven |last=Downes |title=United score record sponsor deal |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/leisure/article702645.ece |work=Times Online |publisher=Times Newspapers |location=London |date=6 April 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 }}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} {{subscription required}}</ref> Ƙarin kuɗaɗen shiga daga haƙƙin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na kowace gasa da ƙungiyar ke shiga, da kuma yarjejeniyoyin tallafi daban-daban, sun ƙara ribar ƙungiyar. Wannan ya faru duk da fargabar da magoya baya da dama ke da ita cewa bashin da aka ɗauka wajen sayen ƙungiyar zai iya jefa ta cikin rashin iya biyan basussuka.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United's profits flat |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6300015.stm |publisher=BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=26 January 2007 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Sabanin fargabar magoya baya da dama, Glazers sun ɗauki mataki domin tabbatar da cewa Gill da gogaggen koci Alex Ferguson sun ci gaba da kasancewa a Manchester United, suna bayyana nasarar da su biyun suka samu tare da ƙungiyar a matsayin dalili.<ref>{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Taylor |title=Ferguson seeks head to head with Glazer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/may/14/newsstory.manchesterunited3 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=14 May 2005 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Taylor |title=Ferguson heaps pressure on rivals after Gill confirms he will stay on |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/apr/08/newsstory.sport3 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=8 April 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref> A shekarar 2006, an naɗa wasu 'ya'yan Malcolm Glazer biyu, Kevin da Edward, da 'yarsa Darcie a hukumar Manchester United a matsayin daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum.<ref>{{cite news |first=Andrew |last=Murray-Watson |title=Glazer puts three more of his children on Manchester United's board |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2941347/Glazer-puts-three-more-of-his-children-on-Manchester-Uniteds-board.html |work=Telegraph.co.uk |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |date=18 June 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Three more Glazer siblings to join United board |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/jun/19/newsstory.sport1?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=19 June 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref> ==Sake tsara tsarin bashi== Bashin da Glazers suka ɗauka domin samar da kuɗin sayen ƙungiyar an raba shi tsakanin ƙungiyar da iyalin; tsakanin £265&nbsp;million da £275&nbsp;million an jinginar da su kan kadarorin Manchester United,<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Manchester United profits fall by £12.3m |url=http://sport.scotsman.com/malcolmglazer/Manchester-United-profits-fall-by.2745101.jp |work=The Scotsman |publisher=Johnston Press Digital Publishing |date=24 January 2006 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> lamarin da ya jefa ƙungiyar cikin bashi a karon farko tun lokacin da James Gibson ya ceto ta a shekarar 1931. Wasu asusun saka jari na Amurka guda uku ne suka bayar da wannan rancen: Citadel, Och-Ziff Capital Management da Perry Capital.<ref name="payment_rise">{{cite news |first=David |last=Bond |title=Manchester United owners hit by debt payment rise |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8931026.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 August 2010 |access-date=1 July 2011 }}</ref> Jimillar kuɗin ta kai £660&nbsp;million, inda kuɗin ruwa ya kai £62&nbsp;million a kowace shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bolland |first=Henry |date=2024-12-02 |title=How did the Glazers buy Manchester United? |url=https://millwoodfinance.com/how-did-the-glazers-buy-manchester-united/ |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=Mill Wood |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta bayyana cewa, "Darajar Manchester United ta ƙaru a shekarar da ta gabata, shi ya sa masu ba da bashi suke son saka jari a ƙungiyar... Wannan matakin yana wakiltar kyakkyawan tsarin gudanar da harkokin kuɗi kuma yana tabbatar da cewa za a samar wa Sir Alex Ferguson isassun kuɗaɗe domin yin gasa a kasuwar saye da sayar da 'yan wasa." Manchester United Supporters Trust ta mayar da martani da cewa, "Adadin kuɗin da ake buƙatar biya gaba ɗaya yana da yawa... Biyan kuɗin ruwa abu ɗaya ne, amma me game da ainihin £660&nbsp;million? Yana da wahala a ga yadda za a iya samun waɗannan kuɗaɗen ba tare da ƙarin farashin tikiti mai yawa ba, wanda, kamar yadda muka daɗe muna zargi, yana nufin cewa a zahiri magoya baya ne za su biya kuɗin da wani ya ciwo domin ya mallaki ƙungiyarsu."<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd play down fears after £660m refinancing |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=374009&cc=5739 |archive-url=https://arcive.today/20120527041225/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=374009&cc=5739 |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 May 2012 |work=ESPN Soccernet |publisher=ESPN |date=18 July 2006 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Helen |last=Power |title=Credit crisis one year on: Risky debt notes could be a losing game |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/2794340/Credit-crisis-one-year-on-Risky-debt-notes-could-be-a-losing-game.html |work=The Telegraph |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |location=London |date=6 August 2008 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Bisa sharuɗɗan sake tsara bashin na Glazers, saboda sun kasa biyan masu riƙe da takardun bashi zuwa ranar 16 ga Agusta 2010, yawan kuɗin ruwa kan rancen ya tashi daga 14.25% zuwa 16.25%, lamarin da ya haifar da biyan kusan £38&nbsp;million a shekara.<ref name="payment_rise"/> A ranar 11 ga Janairu 2010, jim kaɗan kafin sanarwar cewa bashin Red Football ya ƙaru zuwa £716.5&nbsp;million ($1.17&nbsp;billion),<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United debt hits £716m |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8470595.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Manchester United ta sanar da aniyarta ta sake tsara bashin ta hanyar fitar da takardun bashi da darajarsu ta kai kusan £500&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United to raise £500m |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8451848.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=11 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Sun yi nasarar tara £504&nbsp;million cikin ƙasa da makonni biyu, lamarin da ya ba su damar biyan kusan dukkanin £509&nbsp;million da ake bin bankunan ƙasa da ƙasa. An fitar da takardun bashin kashi biyu; na farko yana da kuɗin ruwa na 8.75% kuma darajarsa £250&nbsp;million ce, yayin da na biyu ke da kuɗin ruwa na 8.375% kuma darajarsa $425&nbsp;million ce. Kuɗin ruwa na shekara-shekara da ake biya kan bashin ya kai kusan £45&nbsp;million a shekara, kuma lokacin biyan bashin zai ƙare a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2017.<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Wilson |title=Manchester United raise £504m in bond issue |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8475317.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=22 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> A cikin takardar bayanin bashin akwai wasu sharuɗɗa da za su ba Glazers damar fitar da manyan kuɗaɗe daga ƙungiyar domin biyan PIKs zuwa shekarar 2015. Waɗannan sun haɗa da fitar da £95&nbsp;million a matsayin kuɗin hannu, sayarwa da sake hayar Trafford Training Centre da ke Carrington, da kuma damar Glazers su ba kansu kashi 50% na ribar da ƙungiyar ta samu bayan an haɗa dukkan kuɗaɗenta a kowace shekara.<ref name="haemorrhage"/> A watan Mayun 2010, kafin wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa, daruruwan magoya bayan Manchester United sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a wajen Old Trafford kan mallakar Glazers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Smoke bomb at Manchester United in anti-Glazer protest |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/manchester/8671176.stm |access-date=7 May 2021 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=9 May 2010}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 2010, an bayyana cewa Glazers za su biya sauran £220&nbsp;million da ke cikin rancen PIK zuwa ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2010.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Owen |last1=Gibson |first2=Daniel |last2=Taylor |title=Manchester United fans want answers as Glazers prepare to pay off debt |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/16/glazers-manchester-united-debt-repayment |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref> A lokacin, rancen yana tara kuɗin ruwa da kashi 16.25%, saboda jimillar bashin ƙungiyar ya zarce [[earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization|EBITDA]] da fiye da ninki biyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=The full details on the terms of the PIKs |url=http://www.andersred.blogspot.co.uk/2010/11/full-details-on-terms-of-piks.html |publisher=the andersred blog |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref>{{sps|date=May 2026}} Duk da haka, ƙungiyar ta ce ba a yi amfani da ko sisi daga cikin kuɗinta wajen biyan bashin ba, lamarin da ya haifar da tambayoyi kan yadda iyalin Glazer suka samo kuɗin; hanyoyin da aka yi hasashe sun haɗa da sayar da wani kaso na ƙungiyar ga wani ɓangare na uku, sayar da wasu ko dukkan sauran kasuwancin iyalin, da kuma – wanda aka ɗauka a matsayin mafi yiwuwa – sake tsara rancen PIK ta hanyar wani sabon rance mai ƙaramin kuɗin ruwa.<ref>{{cite news |first=Owen |last=Gibson |title=So how did the Glazers raise the money to pay off a £220m loan? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/17/the-glazer-family-loan-piks |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=17 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref> ==Shirye-shiryen sayen ƙungiyar na Red Knights== [[File:Love United Hate Glazer.jpg|thumb|Sitikar adawa da Glazer a kan sandar fitila a tsakiyar birnin Manchester|alt=Hoton wani ɓangare na sandar fitila mai ɗauke da sitika da ya tsage, wanda aka rubuta "Love United" da kore a sama da "Hate Glazer" da rawaya a ƙasa.]] An kafa wani yaƙin neman goyon bayan magoya baya mai suna "Love United Hate Glazer" bayan tayin da iyalin suka yi na sayen ƙungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-08 |title=Why Manchester United supporters hate the Glazers, the club's American owners |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37631776/why-manchester-united-supporters-hate-glazers-club-american-owners |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Yaƙin ya ƙunshi yaɗa taken da gajeriyar kalmar "LUHG" a wurare daban-daban ta hanyar sitikoki da rubuce-rubucen bango. Haka kuma an nuna wasu tutoci a cikin filin wasa na Old Trafford.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United fans' discontent with Glazer family: in pictures |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/picturegalleries/8136449/Manchester-United-fans-discontent-with-Glazer-family-in-pictures.html?image=10 |work=Telegraph.co.uk |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |location=London |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=2 August 2011 }}</ref> Duk da sake tsara bashin, sanarwar da aka yi game da bashin ƙungiyar ta haifar da zanga-zangar da ta yi ƙarfi daga magoya bayan Manchester United a ƙarshen makon 23 ga Janairu 2010, a Old Trafford da kuma cibiyar atisaye ta ƙungiyar da ke Carrington.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ian |last=Hughes |title=Man Utd 4–0 Hull |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8472354.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Prime Minister Gordon Brown warns football over debts |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8479331.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=25 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Ƙungiyoyin magoya bayan ƙungiyar ne suka shirya zanga-zangar, a matsayin ci gaba da yaƙin "Love United Hate Glazer" wanda ya wanzu tun shekarar 2005, tare da ƙarfafa magoya bayan da ke zuwa kallon wasa su sanya kore da zinariya, waɗanda su ne launukan ƙungiyar da ta gabaci Manchester United, Newton Heath.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Conn |title=Manchester United fans prepare to show their true colours at Wembley |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/david-conn-inside-sport-blog/2010/feb/27/manchester-united-glazers-wembley-protest |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=27 February 2010 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Bayan 'yan kwanaki, a ranar 30 ga Janairu, rahotanni sun bayyana cewa Manchester United Supporters' Trust ta gudanar da tarurruka da wasu hamshakan magoya baya da nufin sayen ikon mallakar Glazers a ƙungiyar. Daga baya ƙungiyar ta gana da Keith Harris, wani mai goyon bayan Manchester United kuma shugaban bankin saka jari Seymour Pierce, domin shiga tsakani wajen shirya sayen ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Nabil |last1=Hassan |first2=Dan |last2=Roan |title=Wealthy Man Utd fans approach broker about takeover |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8488910.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 January 2010 |access-date=4 March 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Maris 2010, wasu ƙarin rahotanni sun bayyana cewa ƙungiyar — wadda aka yi wa laƙabi da "Red Knights" — ta sake gudanar da taro domin tattauna yiwuwar sayen ƙungiyar kan kuɗi har zuwa biliyan ɗaya. Waɗanda suka halarci taron sun haɗa da babban masanin tattalin arziƙi na bankin saka jari Goldman Sachs kuma tsohon daraktan Manchester United Jim O'Neill, da lauya Mark Rawlinson, abokin aiki a kamfanin lauyoyi Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer, da Duncan Drasdo, babban jami'in gudanarwa na Manchester United Supporters' Trust, da kuma Keith Harris, shugaban zartarwa na Seymour Pierce. Babban burin farko na ƙungiyar shi ne ƙara yawan mambobin Supporters' Trust zuwa aƙalla 100,000, domin nuna goyon bayan magoya baya ga sauyin mallakar ƙungiyar. Domin inganta yaƙin neman goyon bayansu, Trust ta ɗauki hayar Blue State Digital, wani kamfanin dabarun intanet wanda ya yi aiki a yaƙin neman zaɓen shugaban ƙasar Amurka na Barack Obama na shekarar 2008.<ref name="financiers">{{cite news |first=John |last=Sinnott |title=Financiers 'hold Manchester United takeover talks' |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8544593.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2010 |access-date=4 March 2010 }}</ref> Daga baya a wannan rana, Manchester United ta sanar da cewa jimillar bashin ƙungiyar na watanni uku na ƙarshe na shekarar 2009 ya kai £507.5&nbsp;million, raguwar £30.6&nbsp;million idan aka kwatanta da irin wannan lokacin a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma ta bayyana cewa ribar kafin haraji ta kai £6.9&nbsp;million, ƙarin £9.6&nbsp;million bayan da ta yi asarar £2.7&nbsp;million a shekarar da ta gabata.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United says debts have fallen |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8545662.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> Wannan sanarwar ta zo tare da wata sanarwa daga mai magana da yawun Glazers cewa ba a sayar da ƙungiyar,<ref name="financiers"/> da kuma goyon bayan jama'a daga David Gill, wanda ya ce Glazers suna "gudanar da ƙungiyar yadda ya kamata".<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Wilson |title=Manchester United owners Glazers get backing from Gill |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8548113.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> A halin da ake ciki, yawan mambobin Manchester United Supporters' Trust ya wuce 100,000 a ranar 3 ga Maris, kafin ya zarce 125,000 mako guda bayan haka.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=Pearce |title=Old Trafford under the spotlight |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/jamespearce/2010/03/old_trafford_under_the_spotlig.html |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=10 March 2010 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Yaƙin neman amfani da gyale masu launin kore da zinariya ma ya ƙaru, inda babban ɓangare na magoya bayan da ke Old Trafford suka nuna waɗannan launuka. Bayan nasarar Manchester United da ci 4–0 a kan Milan a zagayen farko na fitar da ƙungiyoyi daga gasar Champions League na 2009–10, an ga tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United David Beckham sanye da gyale da aka jefa cikin filin; duk da haka, daga baya ya ce kawai yana nuna goyon bayansa ga Manchester United ne, kuma gudanar da ƙungiyar "ba aikinsa ba ne".<ref>{{cite news |first=Phil |last=McNulty |title=Beckham shows true colours |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/philmcnulty/2010/03/beckham_shows_true_colours.html |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=11 March 2010 |access-date=13 March 2010 }}</ref> Haka kuma an yi iƙirarin cewa kocin United Alex Ferguson zai kasance a shirye ya saka kuɗinsa a cikin tayin Red Knights, amma ya yi watsi da waɗannan rahotanni yana cewa "maganar banza ce ƙwarai".<ref>{{cite news |title=Sir Alex Ferguson dismisses Red Knights link |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8554351.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=7 March 2010 |access-date=14 March 2010 }}</ref> Saboda yawan bashin da ke cikin littattafan kuɗin Manchester United a lokacin, wasu manazarta sun kiyasta a shekarar 2010 cewa duk wani tayin sayen ƙungiyar zai kasance sama da £2&nbsp;billion, wanda kusan £1.6&nbsp;billion daga ciki za a buƙaci domin dacewa da kimar ƙungiyar da Glazers suka sanya — sau biyu adadin kuɗin da suka biya wajen sayen ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005.<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Wilson |title=Would-be Man Utd buyers will need deep pockets |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8545504.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> Duk da haka, Red Knights sun bayyana a bainar jama'a cewa za su biya "farashi mai adalci" ne kawai idan tayin sayensu ya zo.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United Red Knights 'will not overpay' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8552250.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=5 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Maris 2010, Red Knights sun naɗa Nomura Securities a matsayin masu ba su shawara kan tayin sayensu. Nomura ta taɓa ba hukumar Manchester United shawara kafin tayin Glazers na sayen ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United suitors Red Knights appoint advisers |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8561760.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=11 March 2010 |access-date=14 March 2010 }}</ref> Daga baya Red Knights sun amince cewa ba za su yi tayin sayen ƙungiyar ba kafin ƙarshen kakar 2009–10,<ref>{{cite news |title=Fans group Red Knights delays bid for Manchester United |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8588662.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 March 2010 |access-date=3 April 2010 }}</ref> amma an yi imanin cewa zaɓin tayin da suka fi so zai ƙunshi ci gaba da riƙe bashin £500&nbsp;million da Glazers suka fitar. Kashi biyu bisa uku na ƙarin £700&nbsp;million kuma za a samar da su daga kusan magoya bayan Manchester United masu arziki 30–40, yayin da sauran kuɗin za a tara su daga magoya bayan talakawa. Bayan tabbatar da ƙungiyar, za a bayar da hannun jari ga magoya baya, domin su samu damar mallakar ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Bond |title=Red Knights continue to plot |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/davidbond/2010/04/red_knights_continue_to_manoeu.html |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 April 2010 |access-date=3 April 2010 }}</ref> Duk da waɗannan shirye-shiryen, Red Knights sun dakatar da tayin sayensu a watan Yunin 2010, suna ambaton "ƙimar da ake ɗauka ta yi yawa" a kafafen yaɗa labarai a matsayin dalili.<ref>{{cite news |first=Elena |last=Moya |title=Manchester United's 'inflated valuation' dents Red Knights' ambitions |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/jun/02/manchester-united-red-knights-takeover |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=2 June 2010 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Bayan da suka riga suka bayyana cewa za su biya adadin kuɗi "mai ma'ana" kawai ga ƙungiyar, an yi tunanin cewa ƙungiyar ta ja da baya saboda shawarar cewa kimar ƙungiyar da Glazers suka sanya ta fi adadin da suke son biya yawa sosai.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd: Red Knights takeover attempt shelved |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10212982 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 June 2010 |access-date=11 July 2011 }}</ref> ==Shigar da hannun jari NYSE da masu hannun jari== A shekarar 2011, jita-jita sun bayyana cewa Glazers na da niyyar sanya wasu hannun jarin Manchester United a wata kasuwar Asiya kamar Hong Kong<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Wachman |title=Glazers eye Hong Kong listing for Manchester United |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/jun/12/manchester-united-glazers-eye-hong-kong-float |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=12 June 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> ko Singapore,<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd considers partial Asian flotation |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14547178 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=17 August 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> a ƙoƙarin tara kusan £400–600&nbsp;million. Shirin Singapore ya fara samun ci gaba a watan Agustan 2011, lokacin da aka bayyana cewa ƙungiyar ta nemi a sanya hannun jarinta a kasuwar Singapore Exchange;<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd to float stake in club on Singapore market |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14574131 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=18 August 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> an ba da amincewar sanya hannun jarin a watan Satumban 2011.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United get approval for Singapore share sale |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14945421 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=16 September 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A watan Yunin 2012, bayan wasu watanni ba tare da wani sabon ci gaba a batun Singapore ba, wasu majiyoyi sun ruwaito cewa ƙungiyar tana la'akari da mayar da sayar da hannun jarinta zuwa Amurka,<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United may move share sale to US reports say |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18437072 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=14 June 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> kuma a watan Yulin 2012, an gabatar da buƙatar a bar ƙungiyar ta sayar da hannun jari a New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), da nufin tara $100&nbsp;million (£64&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United seeks $100m New York stock sale |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18699885 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> An fitar da ƙarin bayanai game da sayarwar a ƙarshen Yuli, inda ƙungiyar ta sanar da cewa tana da niyyar sayar da hannun jari miliyan 16.7, kusan kashi 10% na ƙungiyar, kan farashin tsakanin $16 da $20 kowanne, domin tara har zuwa $330&nbsp;million (£210&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd to sell shares at $16 each in New York sale |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19057547 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Za a raba hannun jarin ƙungiyar zuwa rukuni biyu, inda za a sayar da hannun jarin Class A ga jama'a, yayin da iyalin Glazer za su riƙe hannun jarin Class B.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Conn |title=Manchester United tackle debt by floating on New York Stock Exchange |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/jul/04/manchester-united-debt-cayman-islands |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=4 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Kafin fara sayar da hannun jarin ga jama'a, an nuna damuwa daga masu saka jari da kuma magoya bayan Manchester United game da cikakkun bayanan tayin hannun jarin. Ko da yake takardar bayanin hannun jarin ta bayyana cewa kuɗin da za a samu daga sayarwar za su tafi wajen rage bashin ƙungiyar, an bayyana cewa babban ɓangare na kuɗin zai tafi kai tsaye ga Glazers.<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Anderson |title=Manchester United share sale causes controversy among fans and investors |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19061040 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=1 August 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, masu Class A ba za su sami damar karɓar rabo na yau da kullum ba, kuma tsarin rabon hannun jarin ya sa hannun jarin Class B na Glazers yana da ƙarfin jefa ƙuri'a sau 10 fiye da Class A, wanda a zahiri ya hana duk wani mutum ban da Glazers samun ikon sarrafa ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart |last=James |title=Manchester United's New York setback exposes failings of Glazers plan |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2012/jul/26/manchester-united-glazers-new-york |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=26 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Waɗannan batutuwa sun rage sha'awa kuma suka tilasta rage farashin hannun jarin daga $16–20 da aka shirya zuwa $14 kowanne, wanda ya nuna yiwuwar jimillar kuɗin sayarwar ya kai $233&nbsp;million (£150&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United lowers stock float value |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19201427 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=10 August 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> An fara sayar da hannun jarin a NYSE a ranar 10 ga Agusta 2012, kuma da farko farashinsa ya ɗan tashi zuwa $14.05 kowanne, amma ya rufe ranar da farashin tayin na $14 kowanne, wanda ya sanya jimillar darajar ƙungiyar a $2.3&nbsp;billion, kuma ya sanya ta cikin ƙungiyoyin wasanni masu daraja sosai a duniya.<ref name="shares debut"/> Ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu saka jari a wannan sayarwar hannun jari shi ne attajirin Amurka George Soros, wanda kamfaninsa na saka jari ya sayi kusan hannun jari Class A miliyan 3.1, wato kashi 1.9% na ƙungiyar, waɗanda darajarsu ta kai $40.7&nbsp;million (£25.8&nbsp;million) a lokacin.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United: George Soros invests in football club |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19328750 |work=BBC News |date=21 August 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Bayanan ƙungiyar da aka fitar a watan Nuwamba 2012 sun nuna cewa jimillar bashin ta ragu zuwa £359.7&nbsp;million bayan sayar da hannun jarin ya biya £62.6&nbsp;million na takardun bashi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United reduces debt to £359.7m |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20327870 |work=BBC News |date=14 November 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116211203/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20327870 |archive-date= 2012-11-16}}</ref> An ƙara rage matsalar bashin ƙungiyar a watan Mayun 2013, bayan an cimma sabuwar yarjejeniyar rance wadda za ta ceci ƙungiyar £10&nbsp;million a shekara daga kuɗin ruwa kan bashin, wanda a lokacin ya kai kusan £307&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United cuts debt costs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-22651038 |work=BBC News |date=24 May 2013 |access-date=28 February 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326012932/http://www.bbc.com/news/business-22651038 |archive-date= 26 March 2014 }}</ref> A watan Maris 2014, ƙungiyar saka jari ta Amurka Baron Capital ta sayi kashi 24% na duk hannun jarin ƙungiyar da ake samu a NYSE, wanda ya yi daidai da kashi 5.8% na dukkan ƙungiyar, amma an yi rahoton kuskure cewa kashi 2.4% ne.<ref>{{cite news |first=Andy |last=Green |title=Baron Capital's stake in Manchester United - getting the numbers right |url=http://andersred.blogspot.com/2014/03/baron-capitals-stake-in-manchester.html |publisher= the andersred blog |date=13 March 2014 |access-date=7 October 2014 }}</ref> Bisa farashin rufe kasuwar a ranar sayen, wanda ya kai $15.84 kan kowane hannun jari, jimillar jarin Baron Capital ya kai darajar $151&nbsp;million (£90&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United shares bought by US investment firm |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-26526405 |work=BBC News |date=11 March 2014 |access-date=14 March 2014 }}</ref> A watan Satumban 2014, Baron Capital ya ƙara hannun jarinsa a ƙungiyar zuwa kashi 9.2% na dukkan ƙungiyar, wanda ya yi daidai da kashi 37.8% na duk hannun jarin da ake samu a NYSE.<ref>{{cite news |first=Dan|last=Dzombak |title=Here's Why This Billionaire Fund Manager is Betting Big on Manchester United Stock|url=http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2014/10/07/heres-why-this-billionaire-fund-manager-is-betting.aspx |publisher=The Motley Fool |date=7 October 2014 |access-date=8 October 2014 }}</ref> Malcolm Glazer ya rasu a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2014 yana da shekaru 85. An ɗauka cewa rasuwarsa ba za ta haifar da wani gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake gudanar da ƙungiyar ba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Malcolm Glazer dies: Man Utd's former owner dies aged 85 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/27614216 |publisher=BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=28 May 2014 |access-date=29 May 2014 }}</ref> Daga shekarar 2016, Glazers sun fara biyan kansu [[dividends|rabon riba]] na shekara-shekara daga ƙungiyar, wanda ya wuce £20&nbsp;million a kowace shekara daga 2016 zuwa 2020. A wannan lokacin, biyan bashin ƙungiyar 8lz854ipupu4x67wxtjb59ri6q7dr2g 961731 961728 2026-10-02T06:38:58Z Sirjat 20447 /* Shigar da hannun jari NYSE da masu hannun jari */ 961731 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Manchester United F.C.|Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Manchester United]] ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ce ta Ingila da ke Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. An kafa ƙungiyar a matsayin Newton Heath LYR Football Club, ƙungiyar aiki ta Lancashire da Yorkshire Railway depot da ke Newton Heath, a shekarar 1878. Kulob din ya rabu da kamfanin jirgin ƙasa a shekarar 1892 kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin mallakar kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na kusan shekaru 100.&nbsp;shekaru da dama, ta canza sunanta zuwa Manchester United bayan an ceto ta daga fatara a shekarar 1902. Kungiyar ta kasance batun tayin sayen kulob daga hamshakin mai yada labarai Robert Maxwell a shekarar 1984 da kuma dillalin gidaje Michael Knighton a shekarar 1989, kafin a bai wa jama'a damar sayen kulob din a shekarar 1991; sun sake samun tayin sayen kulob din daga kamfanin talabijin na [[Rupert Murdoch]] mallakar British Sky Broadcasting a shekarar 1998 kafin a sanar da hannun jarin Malcolm Glazer a watan Satumba na shekarar 2003. A ƙarshen shekarar 2003, Glazer ya ƙara yawan hannun jarinsa daga kashi 3.17% zuwa kusan kashi 15%, wanda kusan ya ninka sau biyu a shekarar har zuwa Oktoba 2004. Sayen hannun jarinsa na John Magnier da JP McManus na kashi 28.7% a watan Mayun 2005 ya ƙara nasa hannun jari zuwa kusan kashi 57%, wanda ya zarce kashi 30% wanda hakan zai tilasta masa ƙaddamar da tayin mallakar hannun jari. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ya mallaki kashi 75% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar cire kamfanin daga kasuwar hannayen jari ta London, kuma cikin wata guda, Glazers sun kwace kashi 98% na mallakar ƙungiyar ta hanyar kamfanin iyayen Red Football, wanda hakan ya tilasta musu rage sauran kashi 2%. Farashin siyan ƙungiyar na ƙarshe ya kai kusan £ 800&nbsp;miliyan. Yawancin jarin da Glazer ya yi amfani da shi wajen siyan Manchester United sun zo ne ta hanyar lamuni, yawancinsu an yi su ne da kadarorin kulob din, wanda hakan ya sa aka biya sama da fam 60.&nbsp;miliyan a kowace shekara. Sauran sun zo ne ta hanyar lamunin PIK (biya ta hanyar lamunin irin wannan), wanda daga baya aka sayar wa asusun ajiyar kuɗi . Manchester United ba ta da alhakin PIKs, waɗanda Red Football Joint Venture ke riƙe da su kuma an tabbatar da su a hannun jarin wannan kamfanin a Red Football (da haka ƙungiyar). Ribar da aka samu a fannin PIK ta karu da kashi 14.25% a kowace shekara. Duk da haka, Glazers ba su biya ko ɗaya daga cikin basussukan PIK ba a cikin shekaru biyar na farko da suka mallaki ƙungiyar. A watan Janairun 2010, kulob din ya yi nasarar samun £500&nbsp;bayar da bashin miliyan, kuma zuwa Maris 2010, PIKs sun kai kusan £207&nbsp;miliyan. Daga ƙarshe an biya PIKs a watan Nuwamba na 2010 ta hanyar da ba a fayyace ba. A watan Agusta na 2012, a matsayin wani ɓangare na sake fasalin kuɗi, Glazers sun sayar da hannun jari da dama a Manchester United a cikin tayin farko na jama'a (IPO) a Kasuwar Hannun Jari ta New York (NYSE). Wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun yi adawa da karɓar ƙungiyar Glazer, musamman lokacin da suka fahimci matakin bashin da ƙungiyar za ta ɗauka bayan ta shafe shekaru da yawa ba tare da basussuka ba. Saboda haka magoya bayan sun fito kan tituna don yin zanga-zanga kan Glazers. Masoya da ba su ji daɗin ba sun ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC United ta Manchester a shekarar 2005, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andy Mitten |date=2015-05-12 |title=Glazers, disgruntlement and grit: The inside story of FC United of Manchester's birth |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/glazers-disgruntlement-and-grit-inside-story-fc-united-manchesters-birth |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=fourfourtwo.com |language=en}}</ref> wacce ta shiga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta North West County kuma ta buga wasa a gasar National League North ta mataki na shida daga 2015 zuwa 2019. Tun daga shekarar 2005, ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ta yi aiki kan hanyoyin da za su mayar da mallakar ƙungiyar ga magoya baya, ciki har da yunƙurin da bai yi nasara ba a shekarar 2010 na siyan ƙungiyar a wani tayin karɓar ƙungiyar da ya kai fam biliyan ɗaya tare da ƙungiyar masu kuɗi ta Manchester United da ake wa lakabi da "Red Knights". Sauran ƙungiyoyi kamar Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association da The 1958 sun yi ƙarin yunƙuri don samun nasara daban-daban. ==Asali== [[File:Rupert Murdoch 2011 Shankbone 3.JPG|thumb|upright|Manchester United ya kasance batun tayin saye daga [[Rupert Murdoch]] ta hannun [[Sky UK|BSkyB]] a shekarar 1998.|alt=Hoton rabin jikin wani tsoho mai sanƙo, mai furfura a gefen kansa. Yana sanye da tabarau da farar riga mai ɗaurin wuya shuɗi da baƙar riga.]] An kafa Manchester United a matsayin Newton Heath LYR F.C. a shekarar 1878 daga ma'aikatan sashen kera kekunan fasinja da na kaya na [[Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway]] a [[Newton Heath TMD|ma'ajiyar Newton Heath]].<ref>Murphy, shafi na 11.</ref> A shekarar 1901, ƙungiyar tana da bashin sama da £2,500 kuma tana fuskantar umarnin [[liquidation|rufe kamfanin]];<ref>Murphy, shafi na 14.</ref> amma wani mai sana'ar giya na yankin mai suna [[John Henry Davies]] ya ceto ta, sannan ya sauya sunanta zuwa Manchester United a shekarar 1902.<ref>Murphy, shafuffuka na 15–16.</ref> Bayan rasuwar Davies a shekarar 1927, ƙungiyar ta sake fuskantar matsalolin kuɗi, amma [[James W. Gibson]] ya shiga a matsayin sabon mai taimakon kuɗi a shekarar 1931.<ref>Murphy, shafuffuka na 36, 39.</ref> Gibson da kansa ya rasu a shekarar 1951, amma yayin da matarsa, Violet, ta gaji mallakar ƙungiyar, iko ya koma hannun darakta kuma tsohon ɗan wasa [[Harold Hardman]].<ref>White, shafi na 92.</ref> A halin da ake ciki, wani ɗan kasuwa na yankin mai suna [[Louis Edwards (businessman)|Louis Edwards]] ya fara tara hannun jari a Manchester United<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 58.</ref> kuma daga ƙarshe aka naɗa shi shugaban ƙungiyar bayan rasuwar Hardman a shekarar 1965.<ref>White, shafi na 153.</ref> Ɗansa, [[Martin Edwards]], ya sayi kaso na hannun jari daga Alan Gibson<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 134.</ref> – ɗan tsohon mai ƙungiyar James Gibson – kuma ya zama babban [[shareholder|mai hannun jari]] da shugaban ƙungiyar bayan rasuwar Louis Edwards a shekarar 1980.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 168–169.</ref> A lokacin Martin Edwards a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar, Manchester United ta fuskanci tayin saye da dama; na farko ya fito ne daga attajirin kafafen yaɗa labarai [[Robert Maxwell]], wanda ya yi tayin £10&nbsp;million a watan Fabrairun 1984, amma sayarwar ta gaza kammala kafin a fara tattaunawa mai zurfi.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 184–186.</ref> A shekarar 1989, attajirin harkar gidaje [[Michael Knighton]] ya kusa kammala sayen ƙungiyar kan £20&nbsp;million,<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 277–278.</ref> amma masu ba shi kuɗin tallafi suka janye a ƙarshe<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 284.</ref> kuma dole ya wadatu da samun kujera a hukumar gudanarwa kawai.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 293.</ref> An sanya Manchester United a kasuwar hannun jari a shekarar 1991,<ref>Bose, shafi na 78.</ref> kuma ta sake samun wani tayin saye a shekarar 1998, a wannan karon daga [[Rupert Murdoch]] ta hannun [[Sky UK|BSkyB]].<ref>Bose, shafi na 114.</ref> Hukumar Manchester United ta amince da tayin £623&nbsp;million,<ref>Bose, shafi na 157.</ref> amma [[Competition Commission (United Kingdom)|Hukumar Gasar Ciniki da Haɗe-haɗe]] ta dakile sayen a mataki na ƙarshe a watan Afrilun 1999.<ref>Bose, shafi na 175.</ref> Bayan wasu shekaru, an samu rikicin iko tsakanin kocin ƙungiyar, [[Alex Ferguson|Sir Alex Ferguson]], da abokan huldarsa a harkar tseren dawakai, [[John Magnier]] da [[J. P. McManus]], waɗanda a hankali suka zama manyan masu hannun jari ta hannun kamfaninsu, Cubic Expression.<ref>Bose, shafi na 234.</ref> A cikin rikicin da ya samo asali daga takaddamar mallakar dokin [[Rock of Gibraltar (horse)|Rock of Gibraltar]], Magnier da McManus sun yi ƙoƙarin cire Ferguson daga matsayin koci, yayin da hukumar ta fara tuntuɓar masu saka jari domin rage tasirin 'yan ƙasar Ireland ɗin.<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 234–235.</ref> A halin da ake ciki, [[Avram Glazer]] – ɗan [[Malcolm Glazer]] – yana nazarin saka jari a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Turai. Iyalin Glazer sun riga sun mallaki wasu kasuwanci a [[United States|Amurka]] kuma sun sayi ikon mallakar ƙungiyar [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]] ta [[National Football League]] a shekarar 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Birnbaum |first=Justin |title=Meet The Billionaire Family Behind The Tampa Bay Buccaneers, One Of The NFL's Least Valuable Teams |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/justinbirnbaum/2021/02/07/meet-the-billionaire-glazer-family-behind-the-tampa-bay-buccaneers-one-of-the-nfls-least-valuable-teams/ |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Sun shawo kan gwamnatin yankin ta ba da kuɗin gina [[Raymond James Stadium|sabon filin wasa]] na Buccaneers a shekarar 1998, kuma ƙungiyar ta lashe [[Super Bowl]] na farko a [[Super Bowl XXXVII|Janairun 2003]].<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 219–220.</ref> ==Siyan hannun jari da samun iko== [[File:Raymond James Stadium02.JPG|thumb|left|Ginin [[Raymond James Stadium]] a [[Tampa, Florida]] na daga cikin manyan sauye-sauyen farko da Glazers suka yi bayan sun sayi [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]].|alt=Hoton wani filin wasa na wasanni da aka ɗauka daga gefe, ana kallon filin a karkace.]] Bayan da hukumar Manchester United ta fara neman sabbin masu saka jari,<ref>Bose, shafi na 235.</ref> Glazers sun sayi kaso na farko na hannun jarin Manchester United a ranar 2 ga Maris 2003, inda suka kashe kusan £9&nbsp;million kan kaso na 2.9%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Super Bowl hero takes a slice of Man Utd |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2813439.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2003 |access-date=1 April 2011 }}</ref> wanda suka saya ta hannun wani [[holding company|kamfanin riƙe hannun jari]] mai suna Red Football. A ranar 26 ga Satumba 2003, an ruwaito cewa sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa 3.17%,<ref name="US investor ups Man Utd stake">{{cite news |title=US investor ups Man Utd stake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3141968.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 September 2003 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> lamarin da ya kai hannun jarinsu sama da kashi 3% wanda ya tilasta musu sanar da shugabannin ƙungiyar. Tuni ake ta hasashe sosai kan yiwuwar sayen ƙungiyar, ko dai ta hannun Glazers ko kuma wasu daga cikin masu sha'awar sayen ta.<ref name="US investor ups Man Utd stake"/> Zuwa ranar 20 ga Oktoba, sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa 8.93%,<ref>{{cite news |title=US tycoon ups Man Utd stake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3207492.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 October 2003 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> sannan a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, an ruwaito cewa sun mallaki kusan kashi 15% na ƙungiyar kuma sun gana da [[David Gill (executive)|David Gill]], babban jami'in gudanarwa, domin tattauna manufofinsu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Share deal sparks Man U bid talk |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3246512.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=29 November 2003 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 2004, Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu a ƙungiyar zuwa 16.31%, kuma a ranar da ta biyo baya ''[[Financial Times]]'' ta ruwaito cewa sun umarci [[Commerzbank]] da ta binciki yiwuwar tayin sayen ƙungiyar. Farashin hannun jarin ƙungiyar ya ƙaru da 5% a wannan rana, lamarin da ya kai darajar ƙungiyar gaba ɗaya zuwa £741&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=US bid talk lifts Man Utd shares |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3485393.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=13 February 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa sama da kashi 19% a watan Yunin da ya biyo baya, duk da cewa har yanzu ba su ne manyan masu hannun jari ba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer raises stake in Man United |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3835575.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=24 June 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> Hannun jarinsu ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa, inda ya kusan kai kashi 30% a watan Oktoban 2004. Da suka kai kashi 30%, za a tilasta musu ƙaddamar da tayin saye na hukuma.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer stake in Man Utd nears 30% |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3754598.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=19 October 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2005, sama da magoya bayan Manchester United 400 sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a Old Trafford kan yiwuwar Glazers su sayi ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lutz |first1=Tom |title=United protesters rage at Glazer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/feb/10/newsstory.sport4 |access-date=7 May 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=10 February 2005}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Mayu 2005, Red Football ta sanar da cewa ta cimma yarjejeniya da masu hannun jari [[J. P. McManus]] da [[John Magnier]] domin sayen kaso 28.7% na Cubic Expression a ƙungiyar, lamarin da ya bai wa Glazers ikon gudanar da ƙungiyar tare da kusan kashi 57% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer wins control of Man United |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4540939.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=12 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Daga nan suka samu nasarar sayen hannun jarin na mutum na uku mafi girman masu hannun jari, ɗan kasuwar hakar ma'adinai na Scotland Harry Dobson, wanda ya kai jimillar hannun jarinsu zuwa kashi 62% na ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Q&A: Malcolm Glazer and Man Utd |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4541645.stm |publisher=BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=16 May 2005 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Zuwa ranar 13 ga Mayu, Glazers sun sake sayen kaso 12.8%, inda jimillar mallakarsu ta kai kashi 74.81%, kusa da matakin kashi 75% wanda zai ba su damar kawo ƙarshen matsayin ƙungiyar a matsayin [[public limited company|kamfani na jama'a mai iyakantaccen alhaki]] (PLC) tare da cire hannun jarinta daga [[London Stock Exchange]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer statement infuriates fans |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4545339.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=13 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Mayu, Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu a Manchester United zuwa 75.7%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer Man Utd stake exceeds 75% |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4550141.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=16 May 2005 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> sannan wata guda daga baya, a ranar 22 ga Yuni, suka cire hannun jarin ƙungiyar daga kasuwar hannun jari a karon farko cikin shekaru 14.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd shares leave stock market |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4118312.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=22 June 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Hannun jarin Glazers ya ƙaru a hankali zuwa kashi 76.2% a ranar 23 ga Mayu, lokacin da suka yi tayin ƙarshe na pence 300 kan kowane hannun jari, tare da sanya ƙarshen lokacin karɓar tayin a ƙarfe 3 na rana ranar 13 ga Yuni.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer makes final Man Utd offer |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4573617.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 26 ga Mayu, hukumar Manchester United ta rubuta wa sauran masu hannun jari tana sanar da aniyarta ta sayar da hannun jarin nata tare da ba da shawarar cewa sauran su yi hakan; a cikin wannan wasiƙar, shugaban ƙungiyar [[Roy Gardner (businessman)|Sir Roy Gardner]] da daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum Ian Much da [[Jim O'Neill (economist)|Jim O'Neill]] sun miƙa takardun murabus ɗinsu.<ref>{{cite news |title=United board accepts Glazer bid |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4582915.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Yuni, an naɗa Avram Glazer da 'yan'uwansa [[Joel Glazer|Joel]] da [[Bryan Glazer|Bryan]] a hukumar Manchester United a matsayin daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matthew |last=Garrahan |title=Triple Glazers for Manchester United board |url=https://app.ft.com/content/533c6d90-d783-11d9-9f43-00000e2511c8 |work=Financial Times |date=7 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> Duk da ƙarfafawar hukumar, hannun jarin Glazers a ƙungiyar ya kai kashi 97.3% ne kawai zuwa ranar 14 ga Yuni, ƙasa da matakin 97.6% da ake buƙata domin tilasta sayen duk sauran hannun jarin masu hannun jari, abin da ya sa suka tsawaita wa'adin tayin sayen sauran hannun jari zuwa ranar 27 ga Yuni.<ref name="extend">{{cite news |title=Glazer extends Man Utd deadline |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4090612.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=14 June 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Wata sanarwa da aka fitar a ranar 28 ga Yuni ta ce hannun jarin Red Football ya kai kashi 98% (hannun jari 259,950,194), lamarin da ya haifar da [[squeeze-out|tilasta sayen hannun jarin sauran masu hannun jari]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer gets 98% of Man Utd shares |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4629401.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 June 2005 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> Ƙimar ƙarshe ta ƙungiyar ta kusan £790&nbsp;million (kimanin [[United States dollar|$]]1.5&nbsp;billion bisa ga canjin kuɗi na lokacin).<ref name="extend"/> ==Bayan saye== [[File:David Gill (ManUtd).jpg|thumb|David Gill ya ci gaba da zama babban jami'in gudanarwa na Manchester United bayan Glazers sun karɓi iko a shekarar 2005.|alt=Hoton wani mutum daga gefe mai furfura. Yana sanye da riga shuɗi mai haske da ɗaurin wuya ja da baƙar riga.]] A ranar 29 ga Yuni 2005, a ziyararsu ta farko zuwa Old Trafford bayan kammala sayen ƙungiyar, Joel, Bryan da Avram Glazer sun fuskanci zanga-zangar kusan magoya bayan Manchester United 300 waɗanda suka yi adawa da sabon mallakar ƙungiyar. An tura kusan jami'an 'yan sandan Greater Manchester 100 zuwa filin wasan domin ƙoƙarin dakile duk wani tashin hankali, amma an ruwaito cewa an jefi motocin 'yan sanda da wasu abubuwa tare da rera taken "die, Glazer, die"; an kama mutane biyu. Mataimakin shugaban Shareholders United, Sean Bones, ya bayyana cewa "iyalan Glazer makiyan Manchester United ne".<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazers escape after fans protest |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4635727.stm |website=BBC Sport |date=30 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> Daraktan ƙungiyar kuma tsohon ɗan wasa Bobby Charlton ya ba Glazers uzuri a bainar jama'a kan irin tarbar da aka yi musu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Charlton gives apology to Glazers |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4637731.stm |website=BBC Sport |date=30 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> A matsayin ƙarin martani ga sayen ƙungiyar, wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun kafa sabuwar ƙungiya mai suna F.C. United of Manchester. Wannan ƙungiyar da ake kira "ƙungiyar phoenix" an karɓe ta cikin rukuni na biyu na North West Counties Football League, inda ta kasance matakan ci gaba biyar daga The Football League, kuma ta samu damar ɗagawa a kowane ɗaya daga cikin kakar wasanni uku na farko, har sau biyu a matsayin zakarar gasar.<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 341–343.</ref> Bayan sayen ƙungiyar, Manchester United ta ci gaba da samun nasara, inda a kakar 2005–06 aka faɗaɗa ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane na Old Trafford tare da sanya hannu kan wata sabuwar yarjejeniyar tallafin rigar ƙungiyar mai kawo kuɗi mai yawa a watan Afrilun 2006 da kamfanin Amurka American International Group (AIG), wanda ke da babban kaso a wani kamfanin hedge fund da ya taimaka wajen samar da kuɗin sayen ƙungiyar da Glazer suka yi.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steven |last=Downes |title=United score record sponsor deal |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/leisure/article702645.ece |work=Times Online |publisher=Times Newspapers |location=London |date=6 April 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 }}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} {{subscription required}}</ref> Ƙarin kuɗaɗen shiga daga haƙƙin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na kowace gasa da ƙungiyar ke shiga, da kuma yarjejeniyoyin tallafi daban-daban, sun ƙara ribar ƙungiyar. Wannan ya faru duk da fargabar da magoya baya da dama ke da ita cewa bashin da aka ɗauka wajen sayen ƙungiyar zai iya jefa ta cikin rashin iya biyan basussuka.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United's profits flat |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6300015.stm |publisher=BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=26 January 2007 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Sabanin fargabar magoya baya da dama, Glazers sun ɗauki mataki domin tabbatar da cewa Gill da gogaggen koci Alex Ferguson sun ci gaba da kasancewa a Manchester United, suna bayyana nasarar da su biyun suka samu tare da ƙungiyar a matsayin dalili.<ref>{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Taylor |title=Ferguson seeks head to head with Glazer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/may/14/newsstory.manchesterunited3 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=14 May 2005 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Taylor |title=Ferguson heaps pressure on rivals after Gill confirms he will stay on |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/apr/08/newsstory.sport3 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=8 April 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref> A shekarar 2006, an naɗa wasu 'ya'yan Malcolm Glazer biyu, Kevin da Edward, da 'yarsa Darcie a hukumar Manchester United a matsayin daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum.<ref>{{cite news |first=Andrew |last=Murray-Watson |title=Glazer puts three more of his children on Manchester United's board |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2941347/Glazer-puts-three-more-of-his-children-on-Manchester-Uniteds-board.html |work=Telegraph.co.uk |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |date=18 June 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Three more Glazer siblings to join United board |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/jun/19/newsstory.sport1?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=19 June 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref> ==Sake tsara tsarin bashi== Bashin da Glazers suka ɗauka domin samar da kuɗin sayen ƙungiyar an raba shi tsakanin ƙungiyar da iyalin; tsakanin £265&nbsp;million da £275&nbsp;million an jinginar da su kan kadarorin Manchester United,<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Manchester United profits fall by £12.3m |url=http://sport.scotsman.com/malcolmglazer/Manchester-United-profits-fall-by.2745101.jp |work=The Scotsman |publisher=Johnston Press Digital Publishing |date=24 January 2006 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> lamarin da ya jefa ƙungiyar cikin bashi a karon farko tun lokacin da James Gibson ya ceto ta a shekarar 1931. Wasu asusun saka jari na Amurka guda uku ne suka bayar da wannan rancen: Citadel, Och-Ziff Capital Management da Perry Capital.<ref name="payment_rise">{{cite news |first=David |last=Bond |title=Manchester United owners hit by debt payment rise |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8931026.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 August 2010 |access-date=1 July 2011 }}</ref> Jimillar kuɗin ta kai £660&nbsp;million, inda kuɗin ruwa ya kai £62&nbsp;million a kowace shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bolland |first=Henry |date=2024-12-02 |title=How did the Glazers buy Manchester United? |url=https://millwoodfinance.com/how-did-the-glazers-buy-manchester-united/ |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=Mill Wood |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta bayyana cewa, "Darajar Manchester United ta ƙaru a shekarar da ta gabata, shi ya sa masu ba da bashi suke son saka jari a ƙungiyar... Wannan matakin yana wakiltar kyakkyawan tsarin gudanar da harkokin kuɗi kuma yana tabbatar da cewa za a samar wa Sir Alex Ferguson isassun kuɗaɗe domin yin gasa a kasuwar saye da sayar da 'yan wasa." Manchester United Supporters Trust ta mayar da martani da cewa, "Adadin kuɗin da ake buƙatar biya gaba ɗaya yana da yawa... Biyan kuɗin ruwa abu ɗaya ne, amma me game da ainihin £660&nbsp;million? Yana da wahala a ga yadda za a iya samun waɗannan kuɗaɗen ba tare da ƙarin farashin tikiti mai yawa ba, wanda, kamar yadda muka daɗe muna zargi, yana nufin cewa a zahiri magoya baya ne za su biya kuɗin da wani ya ciwo domin ya mallaki ƙungiyarsu."<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd play down fears after £660m refinancing |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=374009&cc=5739 |archive-url=https://arcive.today/20120527041225/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=374009&cc=5739 |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 May 2012 |work=ESPN Soccernet |publisher=ESPN |date=18 July 2006 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Helen |last=Power |title=Credit crisis one year on: Risky debt notes could be a losing game |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/2794340/Credit-crisis-one-year-on-Risky-debt-notes-could-be-a-losing-game.html |work=The Telegraph |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |location=London |date=6 August 2008 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Bisa sharuɗɗan sake tsara bashin na Glazers, saboda sun kasa biyan masu riƙe da takardun bashi zuwa ranar 16 ga Agusta 2010, yawan kuɗin ruwa kan rancen ya tashi daga 14.25% zuwa 16.25%, lamarin da ya haifar da biyan kusan £38&nbsp;million a shekara.<ref name="payment_rise"/> A ranar 11 ga Janairu 2010, jim kaɗan kafin sanarwar cewa bashin Red Football ya ƙaru zuwa £716.5&nbsp;million ($1.17&nbsp;billion),<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United debt hits £716m |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8470595.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Manchester United ta sanar da aniyarta ta sake tsara bashin ta hanyar fitar da takardun bashi da darajarsu ta kai kusan £500&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United to raise £500m |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8451848.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=11 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Sun yi nasarar tara £504&nbsp;million cikin ƙasa da makonni biyu, lamarin da ya ba su damar biyan kusan dukkanin £509&nbsp;million da ake bin bankunan ƙasa da ƙasa. An fitar da takardun bashin kashi biyu; na farko yana da kuɗin ruwa na 8.75% kuma darajarsa £250&nbsp;million ce, yayin da na biyu ke da kuɗin ruwa na 8.375% kuma darajarsa $425&nbsp;million ce. Kuɗin ruwa na shekara-shekara da ake biya kan bashin ya kai kusan £45&nbsp;million a shekara, kuma lokacin biyan bashin zai ƙare a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2017.<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Wilson |title=Manchester United raise £504m in bond issue |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8475317.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=22 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> A cikin takardar bayanin bashin akwai wasu sharuɗɗa da za su ba Glazers damar fitar da manyan kuɗaɗe daga ƙungiyar domin biyan PIKs zuwa shekarar 2015. Waɗannan sun haɗa da fitar da £95&nbsp;million a matsayin kuɗin hannu, sayarwa da sake hayar Trafford Training Centre da ke Carrington, da kuma damar Glazers su ba kansu kashi 50% na ribar da ƙungiyar ta samu bayan an haɗa dukkan kuɗaɗenta a kowace shekara.<ref name="haemorrhage"/> A watan Mayun 2010, kafin wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa, daruruwan magoya bayan Manchester United sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a wajen Old Trafford kan mallakar Glazers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Smoke bomb at Manchester United in anti-Glazer protest |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/manchester/8671176.stm |access-date=7 May 2021 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=9 May 2010}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 2010, an bayyana cewa Glazers za su biya sauran £220&nbsp;million da ke cikin rancen PIK zuwa ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2010.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Owen |last1=Gibson |first2=Daniel |last2=Taylor |title=Manchester United fans want answers as Glazers prepare to pay off debt |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/16/glazers-manchester-united-debt-repayment |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref> A lokacin, rancen yana tara kuɗin ruwa da kashi 16.25%, saboda jimillar bashin ƙungiyar ya zarce [[earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization|EBITDA]] da fiye da ninki biyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=The full details on the terms of the PIKs |url=http://www.andersred.blogspot.co.uk/2010/11/full-details-on-terms-of-piks.html |publisher=the andersred blog |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref>{{sps|date=May 2026}} Duk da haka, ƙungiyar ta ce ba a yi amfani da ko sisi daga cikin kuɗinta wajen biyan bashin ba, lamarin da ya haifar da tambayoyi kan yadda iyalin Glazer suka samo kuɗin; hanyoyin da aka yi hasashe sun haɗa da sayar da wani kaso na ƙungiyar ga wani ɓangare na uku, sayar da wasu ko dukkan sauran kasuwancin iyalin, da kuma – wanda aka ɗauka a matsayin mafi yiwuwa – sake tsara rancen PIK ta hanyar wani sabon rance mai ƙaramin kuɗin ruwa.<ref>{{cite news |first=Owen |last=Gibson |title=So how did the Glazers raise the money to pay off a £220m loan? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/17/the-glazer-family-loan-piks |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=17 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref> ==Shirye-shiryen sayen ƙungiyar na Red Knights== [[File:Love United Hate Glazer.jpg|thumb|Sitikar adawa da Glazer a kan sandar fitila a tsakiyar birnin Manchester|alt=Hoton wani ɓangare na sandar fitila mai ɗauke da sitika da ya tsage, wanda aka rubuta "Love United" da kore a sama da "Hate Glazer" da rawaya a ƙasa.]] An kafa wani yaƙin neman goyon bayan magoya baya mai suna "Love United Hate Glazer" bayan tayin da iyalin suka yi na sayen ƙungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-08 |title=Why Manchester United supporters hate the Glazers, the club's American owners |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37631776/why-manchester-united-supporters-hate-glazers-club-american-owners |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Yaƙin ya ƙunshi yaɗa taken da gajeriyar kalmar "LUHG" a wurare daban-daban ta hanyar sitikoki da rubuce-rubucen bango. Haka kuma an nuna wasu tutoci a cikin filin wasa na Old Trafford.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United fans' discontent with Glazer family: in pictures |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/picturegalleries/8136449/Manchester-United-fans-discontent-with-Glazer-family-in-pictures.html?image=10 |work=Telegraph.co.uk |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |location=London |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=2 August 2011 }}</ref> Duk da sake tsara bashin, sanarwar da aka yi game da bashin ƙungiyar ta haifar da zanga-zangar da ta yi ƙarfi daga magoya bayan Manchester United a ƙarshen makon 23 ga Janairu 2010, a Old Trafford da kuma cibiyar atisaye ta ƙungiyar da ke Carrington.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ian |last=Hughes |title=Man Utd 4–0 Hull |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8472354.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Prime Minister Gordon Brown warns football over debts |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8479331.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=25 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Ƙungiyoyin magoya bayan ƙungiyar ne suka shirya zanga-zangar, a matsayin ci gaba da yaƙin "Love United Hate Glazer" wanda ya wanzu tun shekarar 2005, tare da ƙarfafa magoya bayan da ke zuwa kallon wasa su sanya kore da zinariya, waɗanda su ne launukan ƙungiyar da ta gabaci Manchester United, Newton Heath.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Conn |title=Manchester United fans prepare to show their true colours at Wembley |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/david-conn-inside-sport-blog/2010/feb/27/manchester-united-glazers-wembley-protest |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=27 February 2010 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Bayan 'yan kwanaki, a ranar 30 ga Janairu, rahotanni sun bayyana cewa Manchester United Supporters' Trust ta gudanar da tarurruka da wasu hamshakan magoya baya da nufin sayen ikon mallakar Glazers a ƙungiyar. Daga baya ƙungiyar ta gana da Keith Harris, wani mai goyon bayan Manchester United kuma shugaban bankin saka jari Seymour Pierce, domin shiga tsakani wajen shirya sayen ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Nabil |last1=Hassan |first2=Dan |last2=Roan |title=Wealthy Man Utd fans approach broker about takeover |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8488910.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 January 2010 |access-date=4 March 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Maris 2010, wasu ƙarin rahotanni sun bayyana cewa ƙungiyar — wadda aka yi wa laƙabi da "Red Knights" — ta sake gudanar da taro domin tattauna yiwuwar sayen ƙungiyar kan kuɗi har zuwa biliyan ɗaya. Waɗanda suka halarci taron sun haɗa da babban masanin tattalin arziƙi na bankin saka jari Goldman Sachs kuma tsohon daraktan Manchester United Jim O'Neill, da lauya Mark Rawlinson, abokin aiki a kamfanin lauyoyi Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer, da Duncan Drasdo, babban jami'in gudanarwa na Manchester United Supporters' Trust, da kuma Keith Harris, shugaban zartarwa na Seymour Pierce. Babban burin farko na ƙungiyar shi ne ƙara yawan mambobin Supporters' Trust zuwa aƙalla 100,000, domin nuna goyon bayan magoya baya ga sauyin mallakar ƙungiyar. Domin inganta yaƙin neman goyon bayansu, Trust ta ɗauki hayar Blue State Digital, wani kamfanin dabarun intanet wanda ya yi aiki a yaƙin neman zaɓen shugaban ƙasar Amurka na Barack Obama na shekarar 2008.<ref name="financiers">{{cite news |first=John |last=Sinnott |title=Financiers 'hold Manchester United takeover talks' |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8544593.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2010 |access-date=4 March 2010 }}</ref> Daga baya a wannan rana, Manchester United ta sanar da cewa jimillar bashin ƙungiyar na watanni uku na ƙarshe na shekarar 2009 ya kai £507.5&nbsp;million, raguwar £30.6&nbsp;million idan aka kwatanta da irin wannan lokacin a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma ta bayyana cewa ribar kafin haraji ta kai £6.9&nbsp;million, ƙarin £9.6&nbsp;million bayan da ta yi asarar £2.7&nbsp;million a shekarar da ta gabata.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United says debts have fallen |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8545662.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> Wannan sanarwar ta zo tare da wata sanarwa daga mai magana da yawun Glazers cewa ba a sayar da ƙungiyar,<ref name="financiers"/> da kuma goyon bayan jama'a daga David Gill, wanda ya ce Glazers suna "gudanar da ƙungiyar yadda ya kamata".<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Wilson |title=Manchester United owners Glazers get backing from Gill |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8548113.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> A halin da ake ciki, yawan mambobin Manchester United Supporters' Trust ya wuce 100,000 a ranar 3 ga Maris, kafin ya zarce 125,000 mako guda bayan haka.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=Pearce |title=Old Trafford under the spotlight |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/jamespearce/2010/03/old_trafford_under_the_spotlig.html |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=10 March 2010 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Yaƙin neman amfani da gyale masu launin kore da zinariya ma ya ƙaru, inda babban ɓangare na magoya bayan da ke Old Trafford suka nuna waɗannan launuka. Bayan nasarar Manchester United da ci 4–0 a kan Milan a zagayen farko na fitar da ƙungiyoyi daga gasar Champions League na 2009–10, an ga tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United David Beckham sanye da gyale da aka jefa cikin filin; duk da haka, daga baya ya ce kawai yana nuna goyon bayansa ga Manchester United ne, kuma gudanar da ƙungiyar "ba aikinsa ba ne".<ref>{{cite news |first=Phil |last=McNulty |title=Beckham shows true colours |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/philmcnulty/2010/03/beckham_shows_true_colours.html |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=11 March 2010 |access-date=13 March 2010 }}</ref> Haka kuma an yi iƙirarin cewa kocin United Alex Ferguson zai kasance a shirye ya saka kuɗinsa a cikin tayin Red Knights, amma ya yi watsi da waɗannan rahotanni yana cewa "maganar banza ce ƙwarai".<ref>{{cite news |title=Sir Alex Ferguson dismisses Red Knights link |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8554351.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=7 March 2010 |access-date=14 March 2010 }}</ref> Saboda yawan bashin da ke cikin littattafan kuɗin Manchester United a lokacin, wasu manazarta sun kiyasta a shekarar 2010 cewa duk wani tayin sayen ƙungiyar zai kasance sama da £2&nbsp;billion, wanda kusan £1.6&nbsp;billion daga ciki za a buƙaci domin dacewa da kimar ƙungiyar da Glazers suka sanya — sau biyu adadin kuɗin da suka biya wajen sayen ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005.<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Wilson |title=Would-be Man Utd buyers will need deep pockets |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8545504.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> Duk da haka, Red Knights sun bayyana a bainar jama'a cewa za su biya "farashi mai adalci" ne kawai idan tayin sayensu ya zo.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United Red Knights 'will not overpay' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8552250.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=5 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Maris 2010, Red Knights sun naɗa Nomura Securities a matsayin masu ba su shawara kan tayin sayensu. Nomura ta taɓa ba hukumar Manchester United shawara kafin tayin Glazers na sayen ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United suitors Red Knights appoint advisers |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8561760.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=11 March 2010 |access-date=14 March 2010 }}</ref> Daga baya Red Knights sun amince cewa ba za su yi tayin sayen ƙungiyar ba kafin ƙarshen kakar 2009–10,<ref>{{cite news |title=Fans group Red Knights delays bid for Manchester United |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8588662.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 March 2010 |access-date=3 April 2010 }}</ref> amma an yi imanin cewa zaɓin tayin da suka fi so zai ƙunshi ci gaba da riƙe bashin £500&nbsp;million da Glazers suka fitar. Kashi biyu bisa uku na ƙarin £700&nbsp;million kuma za a samar da su daga kusan magoya bayan Manchester United masu arziki 30–40, yayin da sauran kuɗin za a tara su daga magoya bayan talakawa. Bayan tabbatar da ƙungiyar, za a bayar da hannun jari ga magoya baya, domin su samu damar mallakar ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Bond |title=Red Knights continue to plot |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/davidbond/2010/04/red_knights_continue_to_manoeu.html |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 April 2010 |access-date=3 April 2010 }}</ref> Duk da waɗannan shirye-shiryen, Red Knights sun dakatar da tayin sayensu a watan Yunin 2010, suna ambaton "ƙimar da ake ɗauka ta yi yawa" a kafafen yaɗa labarai a matsayin dalili.<ref>{{cite news |first=Elena |last=Moya |title=Manchester United's 'inflated valuation' dents Red Knights' ambitions |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/jun/02/manchester-united-red-knights-takeover |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=2 June 2010 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Bayan da suka riga suka bayyana cewa za su biya adadin kuɗi "mai ma'ana" kawai ga ƙungiyar, an yi tunanin cewa ƙungiyar ta ja da baya saboda shawarar cewa kimar ƙungiyar da Glazers suka sanya ta fi adadin da suke son biya yawa sosai.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd: Red Knights takeover attempt shelved |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10212982 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 June 2010 |access-date=11 July 2011 }}</ref> ==Shigar da hannun jari NYSE da masu hannun jari== A shekarar 2011, jita-jita sun bayyana cewa Glazers na da niyyar sanya wasu hannun jarin Manchester United a wata kasuwar Asiya kamar Hong Kong<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Wachman |title=Glazers eye Hong Kong listing for Manchester United |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/jun/12/manchester-united-glazers-eye-hong-kong-float |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=12 June 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> ko Singapore,<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd considers partial Asian flotation |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14547178 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=17 August 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> a ƙoƙarin tara kusan £400–600&nbsp;million. Shirin Singapore ya fara samun ci gaba a watan Agustan 2011, lokacin da aka bayyana cewa ƙungiyar ta nemi a sanya hannun jarinta a kasuwar Singapore Exchange;<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd to float stake in club on Singapore market |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14574131 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=18 August 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> an ba da amincewar sanya hannun jarin a watan Satumban 2011.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United get approval for Singapore share sale |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14945421 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=16 September 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A watan Yunin 2012, bayan wasu watanni ba tare da wani sabon ci gaba a batun Singapore ba, wasu majiyoyi sun ruwaito cewa ƙungiyar tana la'akari da mayar da sayar da hannun jarinta zuwa Amurka,<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United may move share sale to US reports say |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18437072 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=14 June 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> kuma a watan Yulin 2012, an gabatar da buƙatar a bar ƙungiyar ta sayar da hannun jari a New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), da nufin tara $100&nbsp;million (£64&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United seeks $100m New York stock sale |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18699885 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> An fitar da ƙarin bayanai game da sayarwar a ƙarshen Yuli, inda ƙungiyar ta sanar da cewa tana da niyyar sayar da hannun jari miliyan 16.7, kusan kashi 10% na ƙungiyar, kan farashin tsakanin $16 da $20 kowanne, domin tara har zuwa $330&nbsp;million (£210&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd to sell shares at $16 each in New York sale |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19057547 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Za a raba hannun jarin ƙungiyar zuwa rukuni biyu, inda za a sayar da hannun jarin Class A ga jama'a, yayin da iyalin Glazer za su riƙe hannun jarin Class B.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Conn |title=Manchester United tackle debt by floating on New York Stock Exchange |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/jul/04/manchester-united-debt-cayman-islands |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=4 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Kafin fara sayar da hannun jarin ga jama'a, an nuna damuwa daga masu saka jari da kuma magoya bayan Manchester United game da cikakkun bayanan tayin hannun jarin. Ko da yake takardar bayanin hannun jarin ta bayyana cewa kuɗin da za a samu daga sayarwar za su tafi wajen rage bashin ƙungiyar, an bayyana cewa babban ɓangare na kuɗin zai tafi kai tsaye ga Glazers.<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Anderson |title=Manchester United share sale causes controversy among fans and investors |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19061040 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=1 August 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, masu Class A ba za su sami damar karɓar rabo na yau da kullum ba, kuma tsarin rabon hannun jarin ya sa hannun jarin Class B na Glazers yana da ƙarfin jefa ƙuri'a sau 10 fiye da Class A, wanda a zahiri ya hana duk wani mutum ban da Glazers samun ikon sarrafa ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart |last=James |title=Manchester United's New York setback exposes failings of Glazers plan |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2012/jul/26/manchester-united-glazers-new-york |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=26 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Waɗannan batutuwa sun rage sha'awa kuma suka tilasta rage farashin hannun jarin daga $16–20 da aka shirya zuwa $14 kowanne, wanda ya nuna yiwuwar jimillar kuɗin sayarwar ya kai $233&nbsp;million (£150&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United lowers stock float value |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19201427 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=10 August 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> An fara sayar da hannun jarin a NYSE a ranar 10 ga Agusta 2012, kuma da farko farashinsa ya ɗan tashi zuwa $14.05 kowanne, amma ya rufe ranar da farashin tayin na $14 kowanne, wanda ya sanya jimillar darajar ƙungiyar a $2.3&nbsp;billion, kuma ya sanya ta cikin ƙungiyoyin wasanni masu daraja sosai a duniya.<ref name="shares debut"/> Ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu saka jari a wannan sayarwar hannun jari shi ne attajirin Amurka George Soros, wanda kamfaninsa na saka jari ya sayi kusan hannun jari Class A miliyan 3.1, wato kashi 1.9% na ƙungiyar, waɗanda darajarsu ta kai $40.7&nbsp;million (£25.8&nbsp;million) a lokacin.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United: George Soros invests in football club |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19328750 |work=BBC News |date=21 August 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Bayanan ƙungiyar da aka fitar a watan Nuwamba 2012 sun nuna cewa jimillar bashin ta ragu zuwa £359.7&nbsp;million bayan sayar da hannun jarin ya biya £62.6&nbsp;million na takardun bashi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United reduces debt to £359.7m |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20327870 |work=BBC News |date=14 November 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116211203/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20327870 |archive-date= 2012-11-16}}</ref> An ƙara rage matsalar bashin ƙungiyar a watan Mayun 2013, bayan an cimma sabuwar yarjejeniyar rance wadda za ta ceci ƙungiyar £10&nbsp;million a shekara daga kuɗin ruwa kan bashin, wanda a lokacin ya kai kusan £307&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United cuts debt costs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-22651038 |work=BBC News |date=24 May 2013 |access-date=28 February 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326012932/http://www.bbc.com/news/business-22651038 |archive-date= 26 March 2014 }}</ref> A watan Maris 2014, ƙungiyar saka jari ta Amurka Baron Capital ta sayi kashi 24% na duk hannun jarin ƙungiyar da ake samu a NYSE, wanda ya yi daidai da kashi 5.8% na dukkan ƙungiyar, amma an yi rahoton kuskure cewa kashi 2.4% ne.<ref>{{cite news |first=Andy |last=Green |title=Baron Capital's stake in Manchester United - getting the numbers right |url=http://andersred.blogspot.com/2014/03/baron-capitals-stake-in-manchester.html |publisher= the andersred blog |date=13 March 2014 |access-date=7 October 2014 }}</ref> Bisa farashin rufe kasuwar a ranar sayen, wanda ya kai $15.84 kan kowane hannun jari, jimillar jarin Baron Capital ya kai darajar $151&nbsp;million (£90&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United shares bought by US investment firm |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-26526405 |work=BBC News |date=11 March 2014 |access-date=14 March 2014 }}</ref> A watan Satumban 2014, Baron Capital ya ƙara hannun jarinsa a ƙungiyar zuwa kashi 9.2% na dukkan ƙungiyar, wanda ya yi daidai da kashi 37.8% na duk hannun jarin da ake samu a NYSE.<ref>{{cite news |first=Dan|last=Dzombak |title=Here's Why This Billionaire Fund Manager is Betting Big on Manchester United Stock|url=http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2014/10/07/heres-why-this-billionaire-fund-manager-is-betting.aspx |publisher=The Motley Fool |date=7 October 2014 |access-date=8 October 2014 }}</ref> Malcolm Glazer ya rasu a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2014 yana da shekaru 85. An ɗauka cewa rasuwarsa ba za ta haifar da wani gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake gudanar da ƙungiyar ba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Malcolm Glazer dies: Man Utd's former owner dies aged 85 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/27614216 |publisher=BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=28 May 2014 |access-date=29 May 2014 }}</ref> Daga shekarar 2016, Glazers sun fara biyan kansu [[dividends|rabon riba]] na shekara-shekara daga ƙungiyar, wanda ya wuce £20&nbsp;million a kowace shekara daga 2016 zuwa 2020. A wannan lokacin, biyan bashin ƙungiyar ==Super League ta Turai== A watan Afrilu na shekarar 2021, Joel Glazer ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin shirye-shiryen da suka jawo cece-kuce na sanya Manchester United cikin Super League ta Turai. An sanar da shirye-shiryen ne a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, kuma magoya baya ba su ji daɗin hakan ba. Bayan Manchester United ta janye daga gasar kwanaki uku bayan haka saboda tsananin adawar da magoya baya, gwamnati, da ’yan wasa, kociyoyi da masu sharhi kan kwallon kafa da dama suka nuna,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/apr/21/englands-big-six-pull-out-of-european-super-league-what-they-said |title=England's big six pull out of European Super League: what they said |date=20 Apr 2021 |first1=Marcus |last1=Christenson |website=TheGuardian.com |archive-url=https://arhive.today/20210423145007/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/apr/21/englands-big-six-pull-out-of-european-super-league-what-they-said |archive-date=23 April 2021 |url-status=dead}}</ref> zanga-zangar magoya baya ta ci gaba. A ranar 22 ga Afrilu, wasu masu zanga-zanga kusan 20 sun shiga filin horar da kungiyar domin gudanar da zanga-zanga kan mallakar kulob din da Glazers ke yi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Grace |first=Liam |date=23 April 2021 |title=Man Utd fans stage protest against Glazer family at Carrington training ground amid European Super League debacle |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/12283579/man-utd-fans-stage-protest-against-glazer-family-at-clubs-carrington-training-ground-amid-european-super-league-scandal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712045627/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/12283579/man-utd-fans-stage-protest-against-glazer-family-at-clubs-carrington-training-ground-amid-european-super-league-scandal |archive-date=Jul 12, 2023 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> Bayan kwana biyu, sama da mutane 2,000 sun halarci wata zanga-zanga ta biyu a wajen Old Trafford, domin neman amfani da dokar 50+1 da ake amfani da ita a kwallon kafar Jamus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thepeoplesperson.com/2021/04/24/manchester-united-fans-anti-glazer-protest-at-oid-trafford-pictures-and-videos-223960/ |last1=Red Billy |website=The Peoples Person |title = Manchester United fans' anti-Glazer protest at OId Trafford: Pictures and Videos|date = 24 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2021/04/24/man-utd-fans-protest-old-trafford-glazers-super-league/|title=Thousands of fans gather outside Old Trafford in protest against Man Utd owners|first=Tom|last=Morgan|newspaper=The Telegraph |date=24 April 2021 |url-access=registration |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520101821/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2021/04/24/man-utd-fans-protest-old-trafford-glazers-super-league/ |archive-date= 2024-05-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/manchester-united-fans-gather-outside-20459035|title=Manchester United fans gather outside Old Trafford for protest against ownership and Super League fiasco - latest updates |website=Manchester Evening News |first1=Chris |last1=Slater|first2=Sophie |last2=Halle-Richards |date=24 April 2021}}</ref> Daga baya Joel Glazer ya nemi gafarar magoya bayan kungiyar, yana cewa "[ya] yi kuskure",<ref>{{cite news |last1=Whitwell |first1=Laurie |title=Joel Glazer issues apology to Manchester United fans after Super League 'unrest' |work=The Athletic |publisher=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4216600/2021/04/21/joel-glazer-issues-apology-to-manchester-united-fans-after-super-league-unrest/ |date=21 April 2021 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004065918/https://theathletic.com/news/joel-glazer-manchester-united-super-league/MgDeIVIvwsDH |archive-date= 2021-10-04}}</ref> amma magoya baya sun gaya wa wani jami'in kungiyar cewa sun "ji haushi, kunya da fushi" saboda ayyukansa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United fans reject Joel Glazer's Super League apology |work=The Athletic |publisher=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4215748/2021/04/30/manchester-united-fans-reject-joel-glazers-super-league-apology/ |url-access=subscription |date=Apr 30, 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018164701/https://theathletic.com/news/european-super-league-manchester-united/MrMRdtLZKAnZ/ |archive-date=2022-10-18 }}</ref> Kafin wasan gasar da Liverpool a ranar 2 ga Mayu, an gudanar da wata zanga-zanga ta biyu a wajen Old Trafford, tare da wata karamar zanga-zanga a wajen Lowry Hotel. A wannan karon, sama da mutane 10,000 ne suka halarci zanga-zangar Old Trafford; kusan masu zanga-zanga dari ne suka shiga filin wasa. Saboda zanga-zangar, sai aka jinkirta fara wasan, domin ’yan wasa da jami’an wasan ba su iya isa filin wasan kafin lokacin da aka tsara na karfe 16:30 ba. Bayan nazari, an dage wasan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12293346/manchester-united-vs-liverpool-postponed-after-anti-glazer-fan-protests-at-old-trafford|title=Manchester United vs Liverpool postponed after anti-Glazer fan protests at Old Trafford|website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref name=protest>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/56960091|title = Man Utd v Liverpool off after protest|work = BBC Sport}}</ref> Wannan shi ne karo na farko da aka dage wasan Premier League saboda zanga-zangar magoya baya a tarihin gasar.<ref name=protest/> Zanga-zangar ta samu babban kulawar kafafen yada labarai.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/manchester-united-fans-stage-anti-glazer-protest-outside-old-trafford-12293224|title = Officer has face slashed as Manchester United anti-Glazer protests force Liverpool game to be postponed}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/may/02/manchester-united-fans-invade-old-trafford-pitch-during-glazer-out-protests|title=Manchester United v Liverpool postponed after fans invade Old Trafford in protest|website=TheGuardian.com|date=2 May 2021}}</ref> Tsohon ɗan wasan baya na Liverpool Jamie Carragher, da tsoffin kyaftin din Manchester United Gary Neville da Roy Keane, waɗanda duk suke sharhi ga Sky Sports kafin wasan, sun bayyana goyon bayansu ga manufar masu zanga-zangar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportsjoe.ie/football/roy-keane-jamie-carragher-fans-old-trafford-protest-227576|title = Roy Keane makes Jamie Carragher remark as fans break into Old Trafford| date=2 May 2021 }}</ref> ==Sayar da wani kaso a shekarar 2023–24== A ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2022, iyalan Glazer sun sanar da cewa suna buɗe kofa ga yiwuwar sayar da kulob din gaba ɗaya ko wani kaso daga cikinsa. A lokacin wannan sanarwar, an kiyasta darajar kulob din da £3.75&nbsp;biliyan. Sanarwar ta haifar da ƙarin kashi 17% a darajar hannun jarin kulob din a kasuwar hannun jari.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jackson |first=Jamie |date=22 November 2022 |title=Manchester United up for sale as Glazers announce plans to leave Old Trafford |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/22/manchester-united-up-for-sale-as-glazers-announce-plans-to-leave-old-trafford |access-date=18 October 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Zuwa ranar ƙarshe ta zagaye na biyu na gabatar da tayin, 23 ga Maris 2023, an samu tayin daga hamshakin attajirin Birtaniya Jim Ratcliffe da Sheikh Jassim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani na Qatar domin sayen kulob din gaba ɗaya, da kuma kamfanin Amurka Elliott Investment Management domin sayen ƙaramin kaso. An ruwaito cewa mafi girman tayin ya kai £4.5&nbsp;biliyan, amma bai kai kimar £6&nbsp;biliyan da Glazers suka sanya wa kulob din ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester United sale: Extensions granted for Qatar's Sheikh Jassim and Sir Jim Ratcliffe's Ineos |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12840491/manchester-united-sale-qatari-world-record-bid-not-received-as-extension-granted-by-raine-group |access-date=18 October 2023 |website=Sky Sports }}</ref> Financial Times ta ruwaito cewa Sheikh Jassim ya gabatar da ingantaccen tayin £5&nbsp;biliyan a zagaye na uku na tayin, yayin da Ratcliffe shi ma ya gabatar da wani tayin da ba a bayyana adadinsa ba. A wannan lokacin, an kiyasta darajar kulob din da £2.5&nbsp;biliyan, tare da bashi na £640&nbsp;miliyan.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Agini |first=Samuel |date=6 May 2023 |title=Manchester United sale runs into extra time after three rounds of bidding |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/98c8a93f-181a-45be-97e7-46a072d0f308 |access-date=18 October 2023 }}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Agusta, an ruwaito cewa tayin Jassim na biyar na £5&nbsp;biliyan har yanzu yana nan, amma damuwa na ƙaruwa cewa ba za a samu sayarwar ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester United takeover: Sheikh Jassim's £5bn offer remains on table but concerns Glazer family will not sell |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/12945698/manchester-united-takeover-sheikh-jassims-5bn-offer-remains-on-table-but-concerns-glazer-family-will-not-sell |access-date=18 October 2023 |website=Sky Sports }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Satumba, bayan rahotannin cewa an dakatar da sayarwar saboda babu ɗaya daga cikin masu tayin da ya kai kimar £10&nbsp;biliyan da Glazers suka sanya wa kulob din, farashin hannun jarin kulob din ya ragu da kashi 18% a rana guda, wanda shi ne mafi girman raguwar da aka taɓa samu a tarihinsa, lamarin da ya sa darajar kulob din ta koma £2.5&nbsp;biliyan.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 September 2023 |title=Manchester United shares dive on report sale is off |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-66725924 |access-date=18 October 2023 }}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Oktoba, Sheikh Jassim ya janye daga tsarin neman sayen kulob din, inda aka ruwaito cewa rashin samun ci gaba daga ɓangaren Glazers ya fara ba shi haushi. Haka kuma an ruwaito cewa tayin Ratcliffe na sayen kashi 25% na kulob din yana gab da kammalawa, kuma hakan zai kasance mataki na farko zuwa cikakken saye a hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester United: Qatari businessman Sheikh Jassim withdraws from process to buy club |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12984553/manchester-united-qatari-businessman-sheikh-jassim-withdrawing-from-process-to-buy-club |access-date=18 October 2023 |website=Sky Sports }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 October 2023 |title=Qatar's Sheikh Jassim withdraws from bid to buy Man Utd |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67107688 |access-date=18 October 2023 |website=BBC Sport }}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Disamba 2023, an sanar da sayen kashi 25% na Manchester United da Ratcliffe ya yi, tare da cikakken iko kan harkokin wasanni.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/13037388/manchester-united-takeover-sir-jim-ratcliffe-completes-deal-to-purchase-25-per-cent-of-club | title=Manchester United takeover: Sir Jim Ratcliffe completes deal to purchase 25 per cent of club }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://news.sky.com/story/manchester-united-confirm-sale-of-25-stake-to-british-billionaire-sir-jim-ratcliffe-13037398 | title='Mixed feelings' from fans as Manchester United confirm sale of 25% stake to British billionaire Sir Jim Ratcliffe }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/dec/24/sir-jim-ratcliffe-manchester-united-stake-announced | title=Sir Jim Ratcliffe completes deal to buy Manchester United 25% minority stake | newspaper=The Guardian | date=24 December 2023 | last1=Jackson | first1=Jamie }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/manchester-united-jim-ratcliffe-takeover-glazers-deal-b2445148.html | title=Sir Jim Ratcliffe finally completes Manchester United minority takeover | website=Independent.co.uk | date=24 December 2023 }}</ref><ref name="ratcliffe-set">{{Cite web |date=2023-12-24 |title=Sir Jim Ratcliffe completes 25% investment in Man United |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/38990082/sir-jim-ratcliffe-set-complete-man-united-investment-sources |first1=Rob |last1=Dawson |website=ESPN |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118225508/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/38990082/sir-jim-ratcliffe-set-complete-man-united-investment-sources |archive-date= Jan 18, 2024 }}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Fabrairu 2024, an tabbatar da sayen wani kaso na kulob din da Ratcliffe ya yi. An kammala sayarwar ta hannun Trawlers Ltd., wani kamfani da Ratcliffe ya mallaka gaba ɗaya. Yarjejeniyar ta sa Ratcliffe ya biya kusan £1.3&nbsp;biliyan<ref name="ratcliffe-set"/> domin samun kaso na farko na 26.2% a kulob din. Daga baya aka fitar da ƙarin hannun jari a madadin zuba jarin jari na £158.5&nbsp;miliyan da Ratcliffe ya yi bayan kammala yarjejeniyar, wanda ya ƙara kaso na mallakarsa zuwa 27.7%. Ratcliffe ya ƙara zuba £79.2&nbsp;miliyan kafin 31 ga Disamba 2024, kuma kaso na mallakarsa yanzu ya kai 28.9%.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bracknellnews.co.uk/sport/national/24133078.sir-jim-ratcliffe-completes-purchase-manchester-united-stake/ | title=Sir Jim Ratcliffe completes purchase of Manchester United stake | date=20 February 2024 |website=Bracknell News |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221190010/https://www.bracknellnews.co.uk/sport/national/24133078.sir-jim-ratcliffe-completes-purchase-manchester-united-stake/ |archive-date= Feb 21, 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release | url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240220946628/en/ | title=Manchester United PLC and Trawlers Ltd Announce the Successful Completion of Sir Jim Ratcliffe's Minority Investment | date=20 February 2024 |website=Business Wire |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221190010/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240220946628/en/ |archive-date= Feb 21, 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2024/feb/20/sir-jim-ratcliffe-manchester-united-buy-in-official-sign-off#:~:text=Ratcliffe%2C%20who%20has%20gained%20control,the%20largest%20individual%20United%20shareholder. | title=Sir Jim Ratcliffe's Manchester United buy-in gets official sign-off | newspaper=The Guardian | date=20 February 2024 | last1=Jackson | first1=Jamie }}</ref> ==Haɗin mallaka da INEOS== A ranar 9 ga Maris 2025, abin da aka bayyana a matsayin babbar zanga-zanga ta farko tun bayan sayen wani kaso na kulob din da Ratcliffe ya yi, ta ga dubban magoya baya sun yi zanga-zanga kan mallakar Glazer da Ratcliffe, bayan ƙarin farashin tikiti zuwa £66 da kuma sallamar ma'aikata 450 da nufin rage asarar £131&nbsp;miliyan da kulob din ke yi a shekara. Kulob din har yanzu yana da bashi sama da £1&nbsp;biliyan, bayan da ya tara £37&nbsp;miliyan na kuɗin ruwa kan bashi a shekarar da ta gabata.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/articles/c5y40x9nvk9o|title=Manchester United: Thousands of fans protest against club ownership|date=9 March 2025|website=BBC Sport}}</ref> iu5xp9u9d0yk3drj67ixabktwx3qo8w 961732 961731 2026-10-02T06:39:23Z Sirjat 20447 /* Haɗin mallaka da INEOS */ 961732 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Manchester United F.C.|Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Manchester United]] ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ce ta Ingila da ke Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. An kafa ƙungiyar a matsayin Newton Heath LYR Football Club, ƙungiyar aiki ta Lancashire da Yorkshire Railway depot da ke Newton Heath, a shekarar 1878. Kulob din ya rabu da kamfanin jirgin ƙasa a shekarar 1892 kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa ƙarƙashin mallakar kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na kusan shekaru 100.&nbsp;shekaru da dama, ta canza sunanta zuwa Manchester United bayan an ceto ta daga fatara a shekarar 1902. Kungiyar ta kasance batun tayin sayen kulob daga hamshakin mai yada labarai Robert Maxwell a shekarar 1984 da kuma dillalin gidaje Michael Knighton a shekarar 1989, kafin a bai wa jama'a damar sayen kulob din a shekarar 1991; sun sake samun tayin sayen kulob din daga kamfanin talabijin na [[Rupert Murdoch]] mallakar British Sky Broadcasting a shekarar 1998 kafin a sanar da hannun jarin Malcolm Glazer a watan Satumba na shekarar 2003. A ƙarshen shekarar 2003, Glazer ya ƙara yawan hannun jarinsa daga kashi 3.17% zuwa kusan kashi 15%, wanda kusan ya ninka sau biyu a shekarar har zuwa Oktoba 2004. Sayen hannun jarinsa na John Magnier da JP McManus na kashi 28.7% a watan Mayun 2005 ya ƙara nasa hannun jari zuwa kusan kashi 57%, wanda ya zarce kashi 30% wanda hakan zai tilasta masa ƙaddamar da tayin mallakar hannun jari. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ya mallaki kashi 75% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar cire kamfanin daga kasuwar hannayen jari ta London, kuma cikin wata guda, Glazers sun kwace kashi 98% na mallakar ƙungiyar ta hanyar kamfanin iyayen Red Football, wanda hakan ya tilasta musu rage sauran kashi 2%. Farashin siyan ƙungiyar na ƙarshe ya kai kusan £ 800&nbsp;miliyan. Yawancin jarin da Glazer ya yi amfani da shi wajen siyan Manchester United sun zo ne ta hanyar lamuni, yawancinsu an yi su ne da kadarorin kulob din, wanda hakan ya sa aka biya sama da fam 60.&nbsp;miliyan a kowace shekara. Sauran sun zo ne ta hanyar lamunin PIK (biya ta hanyar lamunin irin wannan), wanda daga baya aka sayar wa asusun ajiyar kuɗi . Manchester United ba ta da alhakin PIKs, waɗanda Red Football Joint Venture ke riƙe da su kuma an tabbatar da su a hannun jarin wannan kamfanin a Red Football (da haka ƙungiyar). Ribar da aka samu a fannin PIK ta karu da kashi 14.25% a kowace shekara. Duk da haka, Glazers ba su biya ko ɗaya daga cikin basussukan PIK ba a cikin shekaru biyar na farko da suka mallaki ƙungiyar. A watan Janairun 2010, kulob din ya yi nasarar samun £500&nbsp;bayar da bashin miliyan, kuma zuwa Maris 2010, PIKs sun kai kusan £207&nbsp;miliyan. Daga ƙarshe an biya PIKs a watan Nuwamba na 2010 ta hanyar da ba a fayyace ba. A watan Agusta na 2012, a matsayin wani ɓangare na sake fasalin kuɗi, Glazers sun sayar da hannun jari da dama a Manchester United a cikin tayin farko na jama'a (IPO) a Kasuwar Hannun Jari ta New York (NYSE). Wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun yi adawa da karɓar ƙungiyar Glazer, musamman lokacin da suka fahimci matakin bashin da ƙungiyar za ta ɗauka bayan ta shafe shekaru da yawa ba tare da basussuka ba. Saboda haka magoya bayan sun fito kan tituna don yin zanga-zanga kan Glazers. Masoya da ba su ji daɗin ba sun ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC United ta Manchester a shekarar 2005, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andy Mitten |date=2015-05-12 |title=Glazers, disgruntlement and grit: The inside story of FC United of Manchester's birth |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/glazers-disgruntlement-and-grit-inside-story-fc-united-manchesters-birth |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=fourfourtwo.com |language=en}}</ref> wacce ta shiga gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta North West County kuma ta buga wasa a gasar National League North ta mataki na shida daga 2015 zuwa 2019. Tun daga shekarar 2005, ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ta yi aiki kan hanyoyin da za su mayar da mallakar ƙungiyar ga magoya baya, ciki har da yunƙurin da bai yi nasara ba a shekarar 2010 na siyan ƙungiyar a wani tayin karɓar ƙungiyar da ya kai fam biliyan ɗaya tare da ƙungiyar masu kuɗi ta Manchester United da ake wa lakabi da "Red Knights". Sauran ƙungiyoyi kamar Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association da The 1958 sun yi ƙarin yunƙuri don samun nasara daban-daban. ==Asali== [[File:Rupert Murdoch 2011 Shankbone 3.JPG|thumb|upright|Manchester United ya kasance batun tayin saye daga [[Rupert Murdoch]] ta hannun [[Sky UK|BSkyB]] a shekarar 1998.|alt=Hoton rabin jikin wani tsoho mai sanƙo, mai furfura a gefen kansa. Yana sanye da tabarau da farar riga mai ɗaurin wuya shuɗi da baƙar riga.]] An kafa Manchester United a matsayin Newton Heath LYR F.C. a shekarar 1878 daga ma'aikatan sashen kera kekunan fasinja da na kaya na [[Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway]] a [[Newton Heath TMD|ma'ajiyar Newton Heath]].<ref>Murphy, shafi na 11.</ref> A shekarar 1901, ƙungiyar tana da bashin sama da £2,500 kuma tana fuskantar umarnin [[liquidation|rufe kamfanin]];<ref>Murphy, shafi na 14.</ref> amma wani mai sana'ar giya na yankin mai suna [[John Henry Davies]] ya ceto ta, sannan ya sauya sunanta zuwa Manchester United a shekarar 1902.<ref>Murphy, shafuffuka na 15–16.</ref> Bayan rasuwar Davies a shekarar 1927, ƙungiyar ta sake fuskantar matsalolin kuɗi, amma [[James W. Gibson]] ya shiga a matsayin sabon mai taimakon kuɗi a shekarar 1931.<ref>Murphy, shafuffuka na 36, 39.</ref> Gibson da kansa ya rasu a shekarar 1951, amma yayin da matarsa, Violet, ta gaji mallakar ƙungiyar, iko ya koma hannun darakta kuma tsohon ɗan wasa [[Harold Hardman]].<ref>White, shafi na 92.</ref> A halin da ake ciki, wani ɗan kasuwa na yankin mai suna [[Louis Edwards (businessman)|Louis Edwards]] ya fara tara hannun jari a Manchester United<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 58.</ref> kuma daga ƙarshe aka naɗa shi shugaban ƙungiyar bayan rasuwar Hardman a shekarar 1965.<ref>White, shafi na 153.</ref> Ɗansa, [[Martin Edwards]], ya sayi kaso na hannun jari daga Alan Gibson<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 134.</ref> – ɗan tsohon mai ƙungiyar James Gibson – kuma ya zama babban [[shareholder|mai hannun jari]] da shugaban ƙungiyar bayan rasuwar Louis Edwards a shekarar 1980.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 168–169.</ref> A lokacin Martin Edwards a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar, Manchester United ta fuskanci tayin saye da dama; na farko ya fito ne daga attajirin kafafen yaɗa labarai [[Robert Maxwell]], wanda ya yi tayin £10&nbsp;million a watan Fabrairun 1984, amma sayarwar ta gaza kammala kafin a fara tattaunawa mai zurfi.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 184–186.</ref> A shekarar 1989, attajirin harkar gidaje [[Michael Knighton]] ya kusa kammala sayen ƙungiyar kan £20&nbsp;million,<ref>Crick and Smith, shafuffuka na 277–278.</ref> amma masu ba shi kuɗin tallafi suka janye a ƙarshe<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 284.</ref> kuma dole ya wadatu da samun kujera a hukumar gudanarwa kawai.<ref>Crick and Smith, shafi na 293.</ref> An sanya Manchester United a kasuwar hannun jari a shekarar 1991,<ref>Bose, shafi na 78.</ref> kuma ta sake samun wani tayin saye a shekarar 1998, a wannan karon daga [[Rupert Murdoch]] ta hannun [[Sky UK|BSkyB]].<ref>Bose, shafi na 114.</ref> Hukumar Manchester United ta amince da tayin £623&nbsp;million,<ref>Bose, shafi na 157.</ref> amma [[Competition Commission (United Kingdom)|Hukumar Gasar Ciniki da Haɗe-haɗe]] ta dakile sayen a mataki na ƙarshe a watan Afrilun 1999.<ref>Bose, shafi na 175.</ref> Bayan wasu shekaru, an samu rikicin iko tsakanin kocin ƙungiyar, [[Alex Ferguson|Sir Alex Ferguson]], da abokan huldarsa a harkar tseren dawakai, [[John Magnier]] da [[J. P. McManus]], waɗanda a hankali suka zama manyan masu hannun jari ta hannun kamfaninsu, Cubic Expression.<ref>Bose, shafi na 234.</ref> A cikin rikicin da ya samo asali daga takaddamar mallakar dokin [[Rock of Gibraltar (horse)|Rock of Gibraltar]], Magnier da McManus sun yi ƙoƙarin cire Ferguson daga matsayin koci, yayin da hukumar ta fara tuntuɓar masu saka jari domin rage tasirin 'yan ƙasar Ireland ɗin.<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 234–235.</ref> A halin da ake ciki, [[Avram Glazer]] – ɗan [[Malcolm Glazer]] – yana nazarin saka jari a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Turai. Iyalin Glazer sun riga sun mallaki wasu kasuwanci a [[United States|Amurka]] kuma sun sayi ikon mallakar ƙungiyar [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]] ta [[National Football League]] a shekarar 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Birnbaum |first=Justin |title=Meet The Billionaire Family Behind The Tampa Bay Buccaneers, One Of The NFL's Least Valuable Teams |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/justinbirnbaum/2021/02/07/meet-the-billionaire-glazer-family-behind-the-tampa-bay-buccaneers-one-of-the-nfls-least-valuable-teams/ |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Sun shawo kan gwamnatin yankin ta ba da kuɗin gina [[Raymond James Stadium|sabon filin wasa]] na Buccaneers a shekarar 1998, kuma ƙungiyar ta lashe [[Super Bowl]] na farko a [[Super Bowl XXXVII|Janairun 2003]].<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 219–220.</ref> ==Siyan hannun jari da samun iko== [[File:Raymond James Stadium02.JPG|thumb|left|Ginin [[Raymond James Stadium]] a [[Tampa, Florida]] na daga cikin manyan sauye-sauyen farko da Glazers suka yi bayan sun sayi [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]].|alt=Hoton wani filin wasa na wasanni da aka ɗauka daga gefe, ana kallon filin a karkace.]] Bayan da hukumar Manchester United ta fara neman sabbin masu saka jari,<ref>Bose, shafi na 235.</ref> Glazers sun sayi kaso na farko na hannun jarin Manchester United a ranar 2 ga Maris 2003, inda suka kashe kusan £9&nbsp;million kan kaso na 2.9%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Super Bowl hero takes a slice of Man Utd |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2813439.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2003 |access-date=1 April 2011 }}</ref> wanda suka saya ta hannun wani [[holding company|kamfanin riƙe hannun jari]] mai suna Red Football. A ranar 26 ga Satumba 2003, an ruwaito cewa sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa 3.17%,<ref name="US investor ups Man Utd stake">{{cite news |title=US investor ups Man Utd stake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3141968.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 September 2003 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> lamarin da ya kai hannun jarinsu sama da kashi 3% wanda ya tilasta musu sanar da shugabannin ƙungiyar. Tuni ake ta hasashe sosai kan yiwuwar sayen ƙungiyar, ko dai ta hannun Glazers ko kuma wasu daga cikin masu sha'awar sayen ta.<ref name="US investor ups Man Utd stake"/> Zuwa ranar 20 ga Oktoba, sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa 8.93%,<ref>{{cite news |title=US tycoon ups Man Utd stake |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3207492.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 October 2003 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> sannan a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba, an ruwaito cewa sun mallaki kusan kashi 15% na ƙungiyar kuma sun gana da [[David Gill (executive)|David Gill]], babban jami'in gudanarwa, domin tattauna manufofinsu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Share deal sparks Man U bid talk |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3246512.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=29 November 2003 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 2004, Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu a ƙungiyar zuwa 16.31%, kuma a ranar da ta biyo baya ''[[Financial Times]]'' ta ruwaito cewa sun umarci [[Commerzbank]] da ta binciki yiwuwar tayin sayen ƙungiyar. Farashin hannun jarin ƙungiyar ya ƙaru da 5% a wannan rana, lamarin da ya kai darajar ƙungiyar gaba ɗaya zuwa £741&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=US bid talk lifts Man Utd shares |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3485393.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=13 February 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu zuwa sama da kashi 19% a watan Yunin da ya biyo baya, duk da cewa har yanzu ba su ne manyan masu hannun jari ba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer raises stake in Man United |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3835575.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=24 June 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> Hannun jarinsu ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa, inda ya kusan kai kashi 30% a watan Oktoban 2004. Da suka kai kashi 30%, za a tilasta musu ƙaddamar da tayin saye na hukuma.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer stake in Man Utd nears 30% |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3754598.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=19 October 2004 |access-date=5 September 2005 }}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2005, sama da magoya bayan Manchester United 400 sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a Old Trafford kan yiwuwar Glazers su sayi ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lutz |first1=Tom |title=United protesters rage at Glazer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/feb/10/newsstory.sport4 |access-date=7 May 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=10 February 2005}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Mayu 2005, Red Football ta sanar da cewa ta cimma yarjejeniya da masu hannun jari [[J. P. McManus]] da [[John Magnier]] domin sayen kaso 28.7% na Cubic Expression a ƙungiyar, lamarin da ya bai wa Glazers ikon gudanar da ƙungiyar tare da kusan kashi 57% na hannun jarin ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer wins control of Man United |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4540939.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=12 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Daga nan suka samu nasarar sayen hannun jarin na mutum na uku mafi girman masu hannun jari, ɗan kasuwar hakar ma'adinai na Scotland Harry Dobson, wanda ya kai jimillar hannun jarinsu zuwa kashi 62% na ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Q&A: Malcolm Glazer and Man Utd |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4541645.stm |publisher=BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=16 May 2005 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Zuwa ranar 13 ga Mayu, Glazers sun sake sayen kaso 12.8%, inda jimillar mallakarsu ta kai kashi 74.81%, kusa da matakin kashi 75% wanda zai ba su damar kawo ƙarshen matsayin ƙungiyar a matsayin [[public limited company|kamfani na jama'a mai iyakantaccen alhaki]] (PLC) tare da cire hannun jarinta daga [[London Stock Exchange]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer statement infuriates fans |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4545339.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=13 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Mayu, Glazers sun ƙara hannun jarinsu a Manchester United zuwa 75.7%,<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer Man Utd stake exceeds 75% |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4550141.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=16 May 2005 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> sannan wata guda daga baya, a ranar 22 ga Yuni, suka cire hannun jarin ƙungiyar daga kasuwar hannun jari a karon farko cikin shekaru 14.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd shares leave stock market |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4118312.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=22 June 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Hannun jarin Glazers ya ƙaru a hankali zuwa kashi 76.2% a ranar 23 ga Mayu, lokacin da suka yi tayin ƙarshe na pence 300 kan kowane hannun jari, tare da sanya ƙarshen lokacin karɓar tayin a ƙarfe 3 na rana ranar 13 ga Yuni.<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer makes final Man Utd offer |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4573617.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 26 ga Mayu, hukumar Manchester United ta rubuta wa sauran masu hannun jari tana sanar da aniyarta ta sayar da hannun jarin nata tare da ba da shawarar cewa sauran su yi hakan; a cikin wannan wasiƙar, shugaban ƙungiyar [[Roy Gardner (businessman)|Sir Roy Gardner]] da daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum Ian Much da [[Jim O'Neill (economist)|Jim O'Neill]] sun miƙa takardun murabus ɗinsu.<ref>{{cite news |title=United board accepts Glazer bid |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4582915.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 May 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A ranar 7 ga Yuni, an naɗa Avram Glazer da 'yan'uwansa [[Joel Glazer|Joel]] da [[Bryan Glazer|Bryan]] a hukumar Manchester United a matsayin daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matthew |last=Garrahan |title=Triple Glazers for Manchester United board |url=https://app.ft.com/content/533c6d90-d783-11d9-9f43-00000e2511c8 |work=Financial Times |date=7 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> Duk da ƙarfafawar hukumar, hannun jarin Glazers a ƙungiyar ya kai kashi 97.3% ne kawai zuwa ranar 14 ga Yuni, ƙasa da matakin 97.6% da ake buƙata domin tilasta sayen duk sauran hannun jarin masu hannun jari, abin da ya sa suka tsawaita wa'adin tayin sayen sauran hannun jari zuwa ranar 27 ga Yuni.<ref name="extend">{{cite news |title=Glazer extends Man Utd deadline |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4090612.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=14 June 2005 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Wata sanarwa da aka fitar a ranar 28 ga Yuni ta ce hannun jarin Red Football ya kai kashi 98% (hannun jari 259,950,194), lamarin da ya haifar da [[squeeze-out|tilasta sayen hannun jarin sauran masu hannun jari]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazer gets 98% of Man Utd shares |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4629401.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 June 2005 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> Ƙimar ƙarshe ta ƙungiyar ta kusan £790&nbsp;million (kimanin [[United States dollar|$]]1.5&nbsp;billion bisa ga canjin kuɗi na lokacin).<ref name="extend"/> ==Bayan saye== [[File:David Gill (ManUtd).jpg|thumb|David Gill ya ci gaba da zama babban jami'in gudanarwa na Manchester United bayan Glazers sun karɓi iko a shekarar 2005.|alt=Hoton wani mutum daga gefe mai furfura. Yana sanye da riga shuɗi mai haske da ɗaurin wuya ja da baƙar riga.]] A ranar 29 ga Yuni 2005, a ziyararsu ta farko zuwa Old Trafford bayan kammala sayen ƙungiyar, Joel, Bryan da Avram Glazer sun fuskanci zanga-zangar kusan magoya bayan Manchester United 300 waɗanda suka yi adawa da sabon mallakar ƙungiyar. An tura kusan jami'an 'yan sandan Greater Manchester 100 zuwa filin wasan domin ƙoƙarin dakile duk wani tashin hankali, amma an ruwaito cewa an jefi motocin 'yan sanda da wasu abubuwa tare da rera taken "die, Glazer, die"; an kama mutane biyu. Mataimakin shugaban Shareholders United, Sean Bones, ya bayyana cewa "iyalan Glazer makiyan Manchester United ne".<ref>{{cite news |title=Glazers escape after fans protest |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4635727.stm |website=BBC Sport |date=30 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> Daraktan ƙungiyar kuma tsohon ɗan wasa Bobby Charlton ya ba Glazers uzuri a bainar jama'a kan irin tarbar da aka yi musu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Charlton gives apology to Glazers |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/4637731.stm |website=BBC Sport |date=30 June 2005 |access-date=3 August 2020 }}</ref> A matsayin ƙarin martani ga sayen ƙungiyar, wasu magoya bayan Manchester United sun kafa sabuwar ƙungiya mai suna F.C. United of Manchester. Wannan ƙungiyar da ake kira "ƙungiyar phoenix" an karɓe ta cikin rukuni na biyu na North West Counties Football League, inda ta kasance matakan ci gaba biyar daga The Football League, kuma ta samu damar ɗagawa a kowane ɗaya daga cikin kakar wasanni uku na farko, har sau biyu a matsayin zakarar gasar.<ref>Bose, shafuffuka na 341–343.</ref> Bayan sayen ƙungiyar, Manchester United ta ci gaba da samun nasara, inda a kakar 2005–06 aka faɗaɗa ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane na Old Trafford tare da sanya hannu kan wata sabuwar yarjejeniyar tallafin rigar ƙungiyar mai kawo kuɗi mai yawa a watan Afrilun 2006 da kamfanin Amurka American International Group (AIG), wanda ke da babban kaso a wani kamfanin hedge fund da ya taimaka wajen samar da kuɗin sayen ƙungiyar da Glazer suka yi.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steven |last=Downes |title=United score record sponsor deal |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/leisure/article702645.ece |work=Times Online |publisher=Times Newspapers |location=London |date=6 April 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 }}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} {{subscription required}}</ref> Ƙarin kuɗaɗen shiga daga haƙƙin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na kowace gasa da ƙungiyar ke shiga, da kuma yarjejeniyoyin tallafi daban-daban, sun ƙara ribar ƙungiyar. Wannan ya faru duk da fargabar da magoya baya da dama ke da ita cewa bashin da aka ɗauka wajen sayen ƙungiyar zai iya jefa ta cikin rashin iya biyan basussuka.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United's profits flat |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6300015.stm |publisher=BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=26 January 2007 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Sabanin fargabar magoya baya da dama, Glazers sun ɗauki mataki domin tabbatar da cewa Gill da gogaggen koci Alex Ferguson sun ci gaba da kasancewa a Manchester United, suna bayyana nasarar da su biyun suka samu tare da ƙungiyar a matsayin dalili.<ref>{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Taylor |title=Ferguson seeks head to head with Glazer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/may/14/newsstory.manchesterunited3 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=14 May 2005 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Taylor |title=Ferguson heaps pressure on rivals after Gill confirms he will stay on |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/apr/08/newsstory.sport3 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=8 April 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref> A shekarar 2006, an naɗa wasu 'ya'yan Malcolm Glazer biyu, Kevin da Edward, da 'yarsa Darcie a hukumar Manchester United a matsayin daraktocin da ba sa gudanar da harkokin yau da kullum.<ref>{{cite news |first=Andrew |last=Murray-Watson |title=Glazer puts three more of his children on Manchester United's board |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2941347/Glazer-puts-three-more-of-his-children-on-Manchester-Uniteds-board.html |work=Telegraph.co.uk |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |date=18 June 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Three more Glazer siblings to join United board |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/jun/19/newsstory.sport1?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=19 June 2006 |access-date=17 July 2011 |location=London}}</ref> ==Sake tsara tsarin bashi== Bashin da Glazers suka ɗauka domin samar da kuɗin sayen ƙungiyar an raba shi tsakanin ƙungiyar da iyalin; tsakanin £265&nbsp;million da £275&nbsp;million an jinginar da su kan kadarorin Manchester United,<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Manchester United profits fall by £12.3m |url=http://sport.scotsman.com/malcolmglazer/Manchester-United-profits-fall-by.2745101.jp |work=The Scotsman |publisher=Johnston Press Digital Publishing |date=24 January 2006 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref> lamarin da ya jefa ƙungiyar cikin bashi a karon farko tun lokacin da James Gibson ya ceto ta a shekarar 1931. Wasu asusun saka jari na Amurka guda uku ne suka bayar da wannan rancen: Citadel, Och-Ziff Capital Management da Perry Capital.<ref name="payment_rise">{{cite news |first=David |last=Bond |title=Manchester United owners hit by debt payment rise |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8931026.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 August 2010 |access-date=1 July 2011 }}</ref> Jimillar kuɗin ta kai £660&nbsp;million, inda kuɗin ruwa ya kai £62&nbsp;million a kowace shekara.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bolland |first=Henry |date=2024-12-02 |title=How did the Glazers buy Manchester United? |url=https://millwoodfinance.com/how-did-the-glazers-buy-manchester-united/ |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=Mill Wood |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta bayyana cewa, "Darajar Manchester United ta ƙaru a shekarar da ta gabata, shi ya sa masu ba da bashi suke son saka jari a ƙungiyar... Wannan matakin yana wakiltar kyakkyawan tsarin gudanar da harkokin kuɗi kuma yana tabbatar da cewa za a samar wa Sir Alex Ferguson isassun kuɗaɗe domin yin gasa a kasuwar saye da sayar da 'yan wasa." Manchester United Supporters Trust ta mayar da martani da cewa, "Adadin kuɗin da ake buƙatar biya gaba ɗaya yana da yawa... Biyan kuɗin ruwa abu ɗaya ne, amma me game da ainihin £660&nbsp;million? Yana da wahala a ga yadda za a iya samun waɗannan kuɗaɗen ba tare da ƙarin farashin tikiti mai yawa ba, wanda, kamar yadda muka daɗe muna zargi, yana nufin cewa a zahiri magoya baya ne za su biya kuɗin da wani ya ciwo domin ya mallaki ƙungiyarsu."<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd play down fears after £660m refinancing |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=374009&cc=5739 |archive-url=https://arcive.today/20120527041225/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=374009&cc=5739 |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 May 2012 |work=ESPN Soccernet |publisher=ESPN |date=18 July 2006 |access-date=6 August 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Helen |last=Power |title=Credit crisis one year on: Risky debt notes could be a losing game |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/2794340/Credit-crisis-one-year-on-Risky-debt-notes-could-be-a-losing-game.html |work=The Telegraph |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |location=London |date=6 August 2008 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Bisa sharuɗɗan sake tsara bashin na Glazers, saboda sun kasa biyan masu riƙe da takardun bashi zuwa ranar 16 ga Agusta 2010, yawan kuɗin ruwa kan rancen ya tashi daga 14.25% zuwa 16.25%, lamarin da ya haifar da biyan kusan £38&nbsp;million a shekara.<ref name="payment_rise"/> A ranar 11 ga Janairu 2010, jim kaɗan kafin sanarwar cewa bashin Red Football ya ƙaru zuwa £716.5&nbsp;million ($1.17&nbsp;billion),<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United debt hits £716m |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8470595.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=20 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Manchester United ta sanar da aniyarta ta sake tsara bashin ta hanyar fitar da takardun bashi da darajarsu ta kai kusan £500&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United to raise £500m |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8451848.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=11 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Sun yi nasarar tara £504&nbsp;million cikin ƙasa da makonni biyu, lamarin da ya ba su damar biyan kusan dukkanin £509&nbsp;million da ake bin bankunan ƙasa da ƙasa. An fitar da takardun bashin kashi biyu; na farko yana da kuɗin ruwa na 8.75% kuma darajarsa £250&nbsp;million ce, yayin da na biyu ke da kuɗin ruwa na 8.375% kuma darajarsa $425&nbsp;million ce. Kuɗin ruwa na shekara-shekara da ake biya kan bashin ya kai kusan £45&nbsp;million a shekara, kuma lokacin biyan bashin zai ƙare a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2017.<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Wilson |title=Manchester United raise £504m in bond issue |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8475317.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=22 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> A cikin takardar bayanin bashin akwai wasu sharuɗɗa da za su ba Glazers damar fitar da manyan kuɗaɗe daga ƙungiyar domin biyan PIKs zuwa shekarar 2015. Waɗannan sun haɗa da fitar da £95&nbsp;million a matsayin kuɗin hannu, sayarwa da sake hayar Trafford Training Centre da ke Carrington, da kuma damar Glazers su ba kansu kashi 50% na ribar da ƙungiyar ta samu bayan an haɗa dukkan kuɗaɗenta a kowace shekara.<ref name="haemorrhage"/> A watan Mayun 2010, kafin wasan ƙarshe na kakar wasa, daruruwan magoya bayan Manchester United sun gudanar da zanga-zanga a wajen Old Trafford kan mallakar Glazers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Smoke bomb at Manchester United in anti-Glazer protest |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/manchester/8671176.stm |access-date=7 May 2021 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=9 May 2010}}</ref> A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 2010, an bayyana cewa Glazers za su biya sauran £220&nbsp;million da ke cikin rancen PIK zuwa ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2010.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Owen |last1=Gibson |first2=Daniel |last2=Taylor |title=Manchester United fans want answers as Glazers prepare to pay off debt |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/16/glazers-manchester-united-debt-repayment |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref> A lokacin, rancen yana tara kuɗin ruwa da kashi 16.25%, saboda jimillar bashin ƙungiyar ya zarce [[earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization|EBITDA]] da fiye da ninki biyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=The full details on the terms of the PIKs |url=http://www.andersred.blogspot.co.uk/2010/11/full-details-on-terms-of-piks.html |publisher=the andersred blog |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref>{{sps|date=May 2026}} Duk da haka, ƙungiyar ta ce ba a yi amfani da ko sisi daga cikin kuɗinta wajen biyan bashin ba, lamarin da ya haifar da tambayoyi kan yadda iyalin Glazer suka samo kuɗin; hanyoyin da aka yi hasashe sun haɗa da sayar da wani kaso na ƙungiyar ga wani ɓangare na uku, sayar da wasu ko dukkan sauran kasuwancin iyalin, da kuma – wanda aka ɗauka a matsayin mafi yiwuwa – sake tsara rancen PIK ta hanyar wani sabon rance mai ƙaramin kuɗin ruwa.<ref>{{cite news |first=Owen |last=Gibson |title=So how did the Glazers raise the money to pay off a £220m loan? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/17/the-glazer-family-loan-piks |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=17 November 2010 |access-date=8 September 2012 }}</ref> ==Shirye-shiryen sayen ƙungiyar na Red Knights== [[File:Love United Hate Glazer.jpg|thumb|Sitikar adawa da Glazer a kan sandar fitila a tsakiyar birnin Manchester|alt=Hoton wani ɓangare na sandar fitila mai ɗauke da sitika da ya tsage, wanda aka rubuta "Love United" da kore a sama da "Hate Glazer" da rawaya a ƙasa.]] An kafa wani yaƙin neman goyon bayan magoya baya mai suna "Love United Hate Glazer" bayan tayin da iyalin suka yi na sayen ƙungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-08 |title=Why Manchester United supporters hate the Glazers, the club's American owners |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37631776/why-manchester-united-supporters-hate-glazers-club-american-owners |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> Yaƙin ya ƙunshi yaɗa taken da gajeriyar kalmar "LUHG" a wurare daban-daban ta hanyar sitikoki da rubuce-rubucen bango. Haka kuma an nuna wasu tutoci a cikin filin wasa na Old Trafford.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United fans' discontent with Glazer family: in pictures |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/picturegalleries/8136449/Manchester-United-fans-discontent-with-Glazer-family-in-pictures.html?image=10 |work=Telegraph.co.uk |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |location=London |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=2 August 2011 }}</ref> Duk da sake tsara bashin, sanarwar da aka yi game da bashin ƙungiyar ta haifar da zanga-zangar da ta yi ƙarfi daga magoya bayan Manchester United a ƙarshen makon 23 ga Janairu 2010, a Old Trafford da kuma cibiyar atisaye ta ƙungiyar da ke Carrington.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ian |last=Hughes |title=Man Utd 4–0 Hull |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8472354.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Prime Minister Gordon Brown warns football over debts |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8479331.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=25 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2010 }}</ref> Ƙungiyoyin magoya bayan ƙungiyar ne suka shirya zanga-zangar, a matsayin ci gaba da yaƙin "Love United Hate Glazer" wanda ya wanzu tun shekarar 2005, tare da ƙarfafa magoya bayan da ke zuwa kallon wasa su sanya kore da zinariya, waɗanda su ne launukan ƙungiyar da ta gabaci Manchester United, Newton Heath.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Conn |title=Manchester United fans prepare to show their true colours at Wembley |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/david-conn-inside-sport-blog/2010/feb/27/manchester-united-glazers-wembley-protest |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=27 February 2010 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Bayan 'yan kwanaki, a ranar 30 ga Janairu, rahotanni sun bayyana cewa Manchester United Supporters' Trust ta gudanar da tarurruka da wasu hamshakan magoya baya da nufin sayen ikon mallakar Glazers a ƙungiyar. Daga baya ƙungiyar ta gana da Keith Harris, wani mai goyon bayan Manchester United kuma shugaban bankin saka jari Seymour Pierce, domin shiga tsakani wajen shirya sayen ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Nabil |last1=Hassan |first2=Dan |last2=Roan |title=Wealthy Man Utd fans approach broker about takeover |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8488910.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 January 2010 |access-date=4 March 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Maris 2010, wasu ƙarin rahotanni sun bayyana cewa ƙungiyar — wadda aka yi wa laƙabi da "Red Knights" — ta sake gudanar da taro domin tattauna yiwuwar sayen ƙungiyar kan kuɗi har zuwa biliyan ɗaya. Waɗanda suka halarci taron sun haɗa da babban masanin tattalin arziƙi na bankin saka jari Goldman Sachs kuma tsohon daraktan Manchester United Jim O'Neill, da lauya Mark Rawlinson, abokin aiki a kamfanin lauyoyi Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer, da Duncan Drasdo, babban jami'in gudanarwa na Manchester United Supporters' Trust, da kuma Keith Harris, shugaban zartarwa na Seymour Pierce. Babban burin farko na ƙungiyar shi ne ƙara yawan mambobin Supporters' Trust zuwa aƙalla 100,000, domin nuna goyon bayan magoya baya ga sauyin mallakar ƙungiyar. Domin inganta yaƙin neman goyon bayansu, Trust ta ɗauki hayar Blue State Digital, wani kamfanin dabarun intanet wanda ya yi aiki a yaƙin neman zaɓen shugaban ƙasar Amurka na Barack Obama na shekarar 2008.<ref name="financiers">{{cite news |first=John |last=Sinnott |title=Financiers 'hold Manchester United takeover talks' |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8544593.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2010 |access-date=4 March 2010 }}</ref> Daga baya a wannan rana, Manchester United ta sanar da cewa jimillar bashin ƙungiyar na watanni uku na ƙarshe na shekarar 2009 ya kai £507.5&nbsp;million, raguwar £30.6&nbsp;million idan aka kwatanta da irin wannan lokacin a shekarar 2008. Haka kuma ta bayyana cewa ribar kafin haraji ta kai £6.9&nbsp;million, ƙarin £9.6&nbsp;million bayan da ta yi asarar £2.7&nbsp;million a shekarar da ta gabata.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United says debts have fallen |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8545662.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> Wannan sanarwar ta zo tare da wata sanarwa daga mai magana da yawun Glazers cewa ba a sayar da ƙungiyar,<ref name="financiers"/> da kuma goyon bayan jama'a daga David Gill, wanda ya ce Glazers suna "gudanar da ƙungiyar yadda ya kamata".<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Wilson |title=Manchester United owners Glazers get backing from Gill |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8548113.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> A halin da ake ciki, yawan mambobin Manchester United Supporters' Trust ya wuce 100,000 a ranar 3 ga Maris, kafin ya zarce 125,000 mako guda bayan haka.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=Pearce |title=Old Trafford under the spotlight |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/jamespearce/2010/03/old_trafford_under_the_spotlig.html |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=10 March 2010 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Yaƙin neman amfani da gyale masu launin kore da zinariya ma ya ƙaru, inda babban ɓangare na magoya bayan da ke Old Trafford suka nuna waɗannan launuka. Bayan nasarar Manchester United da ci 4–0 a kan Milan a zagayen farko na fitar da ƙungiyoyi daga gasar Champions League na 2009–10, an ga tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United David Beckham sanye da gyale da aka jefa cikin filin; duk da haka, daga baya ya ce kawai yana nuna goyon bayansa ga Manchester United ne, kuma gudanar da ƙungiyar "ba aikinsa ba ne".<ref>{{cite news |first=Phil |last=McNulty |title=Beckham shows true colours |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/philmcnulty/2010/03/beckham_shows_true_colours.html |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=11 March 2010 |access-date=13 March 2010 }}</ref> Haka kuma an yi iƙirarin cewa kocin United Alex Ferguson zai kasance a shirye ya saka kuɗinsa a cikin tayin Red Knights, amma ya yi watsi da waɗannan rahotanni yana cewa "maganar banza ce ƙwarai".<ref>{{cite news |title=Sir Alex Ferguson dismisses Red Knights link |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8554351.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=7 March 2010 |access-date=14 March 2010 }}</ref> Saboda yawan bashin da ke cikin littattafan kuɗin Manchester United a lokacin, wasu manazarta sun kiyasta a shekarar 2010 cewa duk wani tayin sayen ƙungiyar zai kasance sama da £2&nbsp;billion, wanda kusan £1.6&nbsp;billion daga ciki za a buƙaci domin dacewa da kimar ƙungiyar da Glazers suka sanya — sau biyu adadin kuɗin da suka biya wajen sayen ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005.<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Wilson |title=Would-be Man Utd buyers will need deep pockets |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8545504.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> Duk da haka, Red Knights sun bayyana a bainar jama'a cewa za su biya "farashi mai adalci" ne kawai idan tayin sayensu ya zo.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United Red Knights 'will not overpay' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8552250.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=5 March 2010 |access-date=5 March 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Maris 2010, Red Knights sun naɗa Nomura Securities a matsayin masu ba su shawara kan tayin sayensu. Nomura ta taɓa ba hukumar Manchester United shawara kafin tayin Glazers na sayen ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United suitors Red Knights appoint advisers |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8561760.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=11 March 2010 |access-date=14 March 2010 }}</ref> Daga baya Red Knights sun amince cewa ba za su yi tayin sayen ƙungiyar ba kafin ƙarshen kakar 2009–10,<ref>{{cite news |title=Fans group Red Knights delays bid for Manchester United |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8588662.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 March 2010 |access-date=3 April 2010 }}</ref> amma an yi imanin cewa zaɓin tayin da suka fi so zai ƙunshi ci gaba da riƙe bashin £500&nbsp;million da Glazers suka fitar. Kashi biyu bisa uku na ƙarin £700&nbsp;million kuma za a samar da su daga kusan magoya bayan Manchester United masu arziki 30–40, yayin da sauran kuɗin za a tara su daga magoya bayan talakawa. Bayan tabbatar da ƙungiyar, za a bayar da hannun jari ga magoya baya, domin su samu damar mallakar ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Bond |title=Red Knights continue to plot |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/davidbond/2010/04/red_knights_continue_to_manoeu.html |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 April 2010 |access-date=3 April 2010 }}</ref> Duk da waɗannan shirye-shiryen, Red Knights sun dakatar da tayin sayensu a watan Yunin 2010, suna ambaton "ƙimar da ake ɗauka ta yi yawa" a kafafen yaɗa labarai a matsayin dalili.<ref>{{cite news |first=Elena |last=Moya |title=Manchester United's 'inflated valuation' dents Red Knights' ambitions |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/jun/02/manchester-united-red-knights-takeover |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=2 June 2010 |access-date=5 June 2014 }}</ref> Bayan da suka riga suka bayyana cewa za su biya adadin kuɗi "mai ma'ana" kawai ga ƙungiyar, an yi tunanin cewa ƙungiyar ta ja da baya saboda shawarar cewa kimar ƙungiyar da Glazers suka sanya ta fi adadin da suke son biya yawa sosai.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd: Red Knights takeover attempt shelved |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10212982 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=2 June 2010 |access-date=11 July 2011 }}</ref> ==Shigar da hannun jari NYSE da masu hannun jari== A shekarar 2011, jita-jita sun bayyana cewa Glazers na da niyyar sanya wasu hannun jarin Manchester United a wata kasuwar Asiya kamar Hong Kong<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Wachman |title=Glazers eye Hong Kong listing for Manchester United |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/jun/12/manchester-united-glazers-eye-hong-kong-float |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=12 June 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> ko Singapore,<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd considers partial Asian flotation |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14547178 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=17 August 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> a ƙoƙarin tara kusan £400–600&nbsp;million. Shirin Singapore ya fara samun ci gaba a watan Agustan 2011, lokacin da aka bayyana cewa ƙungiyar ta nemi a sanya hannun jarinta a kasuwar Singapore Exchange;<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd to float stake in club on Singapore market |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14574131 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=18 August 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> an ba da amincewar sanya hannun jarin a watan Satumban 2011.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United get approval for Singapore share sale |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14945421 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=16 September 2011 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> A watan Yunin 2012, bayan wasu watanni ba tare da wani sabon ci gaba a batun Singapore ba, wasu majiyoyi sun ruwaito cewa ƙungiyar tana la'akari da mayar da sayar da hannun jarinta zuwa Amurka,<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United may move share sale to US reports say |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18437072 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=14 June 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> kuma a watan Yulin 2012, an gabatar da buƙatar a bar ƙungiyar ta sayar da hannun jari a New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), da nufin tara $100&nbsp;million (£64&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United seeks $100m New York stock sale |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18699885 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> An fitar da ƙarin bayanai game da sayarwar a ƙarshen Yuli, inda ƙungiyar ta sanar da cewa tana da niyyar sayar da hannun jari miliyan 16.7, kusan kashi 10% na ƙungiyar, kan farashin tsakanin $16 da $20 kowanne, domin tara har zuwa $330&nbsp;million (£210&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd to sell shares at $16 each in New York sale |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19057547 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Za a raba hannun jarin ƙungiyar zuwa rukuni biyu, inda za a sayar da hannun jarin Class A ga jama'a, yayin da iyalin Glazer za su riƙe hannun jarin Class B.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Conn |title=Manchester United tackle debt by floating on New York Stock Exchange |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2012/jul/04/manchester-united-debt-cayman-islands |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=4 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Kafin fara sayar da hannun jarin ga jama'a, an nuna damuwa daga masu saka jari da kuma magoya bayan Manchester United game da cikakkun bayanan tayin hannun jarin. Ko da yake takardar bayanin hannun jarin ta bayyana cewa kuɗin da za a samu daga sayarwar za su tafi wajen rage bashin ƙungiyar, an bayyana cewa babban ɓangare na kuɗin zai tafi kai tsaye ga Glazers.<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Anderson |title=Manchester United share sale causes controversy among fans and investors |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19061040 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=1 August 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, masu Class A ba za su sami damar karɓar rabo na yau da kullum ba, kuma tsarin rabon hannun jarin ya sa hannun jarin Class B na Glazers yana da ƙarfin jefa ƙuri'a sau 10 fiye da Class A, wanda a zahiri ya hana duk wani mutum ban da Glazers samun ikon sarrafa ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart |last=James |title=Manchester United's New York setback exposes failings of Glazers plan |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2012/jul/26/manchester-united-glazers-new-york |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=26 July 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Waɗannan batutuwa sun rage sha'awa kuma suka tilasta rage farashin hannun jarin daga $16–20 da aka shirya zuwa $14 kowanne, wanda ya nuna yiwuwar jimillar kuɗin sayarwar ya kai $233&nbsp;million (£150&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United lowers stock float value |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19201427 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=10 August 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> An fara sayar da hannun jarin a NYSE a ranar 10 ga Agusta 2012, kuma da farko farashinsa ya ɗan tashi zuwa $14.05 kowanne, amma ya rufe ranar da farashin tayin na $14 kowanne, wanda ya sanya jimillar darajar ƙungiyar a $2.3&nbsp;billion, kuma ya sanya ta cikin ƙungiyoyin wasanni masu daraja sosai a duniya.<ref name="shares debut"/> Ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu saka jari a wannan sayarwar hannun jari shi ne attajirin Amurka George Soros, wanda kamfaninsa na saka jari ya sayi kusan hannun jari Class A miliyan 3.1, wato kashi 1.9% na ƙungiyar, waɗanda darajarsu ta kai $40.7&nbsp;million (£25.8&nbsp;million) a lokacin.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United: George Soros invests in football club |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19328750 |work=BBC News |date=21 August 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 }}</ref> Bayanan ƙungiyar da aka fitar a watan Nuwamba 2012 sun nuna cewa jimillar bashin ta ragu zuwa £359.7&nbsp;million bayan sayar da hannun jarin ya biya £62.6&nbsp;million na takardun bashi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United reduces debt to £359.7m |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20327870 |work=BBC News |date=14 November 2012 |access-date=28 February 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116211203/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20327870 |archive-date= 2012-11-16}}</ref> An ƙara rage matsalar bashin ƙungiyar a watan Mayun 2013, bayan an cimma sabuwar yarjejeniyar rance wadda za ta ceci ƙungiyar £10&nbsp;million a shekara daga kuɗin ruwa kan bashin, wanda a lokacin ya kai kusan £307&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United cuts debt costs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-22651038 |work=BBC News |date=24 May 2013 |access-date=28 February 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326012932/http://www.bbc.com/news/business-22651038 |archive-date= 26 March 2014 }}</ref> A watan Maris 2014, ƙungiyar saka jari ta Amurka Baron Capital ta sayi kashi 24% na duk hannun jarin ƙungiyar da ake samu a NYSE, wanda ya yi daidai da kashi 5.8% na dukkan ƙungiyar, amma an yi rahoton kuskure cewa kashi 2.4% ne.<ref>{{cite news |first=Andy |last=Green |title=Baron Capital's stake in Manchester United - getting the numbers right |url=http://andersred.blogspot.com/2014/03/baron-capitals-stake-in-manchester.html |publisher= the andersred blog |date=13 March 2014 |access-date=7 October 2014 }}</ref> Bisa farashin rufe kasuwar a ranar sayen, wanda ya kai $15.84 kan kowane hannun jari, jimillar jarin Baron Capital ya kai darajar $151&nbsp;million (£90&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United shares bought by US investment firm |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-26526405 |work=BBC News |date=11 March 2014 |access-date=14 March 2014 }}</ref> A watan Satumban 2014, Baron Capital ya ƙara hannun jarinsa a ƙungiyar zuwa kashi 9.2% na dukkan ƙungiyar, wanda ya yi daidai da kashi 37.8% na duk hannun jarin da ake samu a NYSE.<ref>{{cite news |first=Dan|last=Dzombak |title=Here's Why This Billionaire Fund Manager is Betting Big on Manchester United Stock|url=http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2014/10/07/heres-why-this-billionaire-fund-manager-is-betting.aspx |publisher=The Motley Fool |date=7 October 2014 |access-date=8 October 2014 }}</ref> Malcolm Glazer ya rasu a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2014 yana da shekaru 85. An ɗauka cewa rasuwarsa ba za ta haifar da wani gagarumin sauyi a yadda ake gudanar da ƙungiyar ba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Malcolm Glazer dies: Man Utd's former owner dies aged 85 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/27614216 |publisher=BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation) |date=28 May 2014 |access-date=29 May 2014 }}</ref> Daga shekarar 2016, Glazers sun fara biyan kansu [[dividends|rabon riba]] na shekara-shekara daga ƙungiyar, wanda ya wuce £20&nbsp;million a kowace shekara daga 2016 zuwa 2020. A wannan lokacin, biyan bashin ƙungiyar ==Super League ta Turai== A watan Afrilu na shekarar 2021, Joel Glazer ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin shirye-shiryen da suka jawo cece-kuce na sanya Manchester United cikin Super League ta Turai. An sanar da shirye-shiryen ne a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, kuma magoya baya ba su ji daɗin hakan ba. Bayan Manchester United ta janye daga gasar kwanaki uku bayan haka saboda tsananin adawar da magoya baya, gwamnati, da ’yan wasa, kociyoyi da masu sharhi kan kwallon kafa da dama suka nuna,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/apr/21/englands-big-six-pull-out-of-european-super-league-what-they-said |title=England's big six pull out of European Super League: what they said |date=20 Apr 2021 |first1=Marcus |last1=Christenson |website=TheGuardian.com |archive-url=https://arhive.today/20210423145007/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/apr/21/englands-big-six-pull-out-of-european-super-league-what-they-said |archive-date=23 April 2021 |url-status=dead}}</ref> zanga-zangar magoya baya ta ci gaba. A ranar 22 ga Afrilu, wasu masu zanga-zanga kusan 20 sun shiga filin horar da kungiyar domin gudanar da zanga-zanga kan mallakar kulob din da Glazers ke yi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Grace |first=Liam |date=23 April 2021 |title=Man Utd fans stage protest against Glazer family at Carrington training ground amid European Super League debacle |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/12283579/man-utd-fans-stage-protest-against-glazer-family-at-clubs-carrington-training-ground-amid-european-super-league-scandal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712045627/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/12283579/man-utd-fans-stage-protest-against-glazer-family-at-clubs-carrington-training-ground-amid-european-super-league-scandal |archive-date=Jul 12, 2023 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> Bayan kwana biyu, sama da mutane 2,000 sun halarci wata zanga-zanga ta biyu a wajen Old Trafford, domin neman amfani da dokar 50+1 da ake amfani da ita a kwallon kafar Jamus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thepeoplesperson.com/2021/04/24/manchester-united-fans-anti-glazer-protest-at-oid-trafford-pictures-and-videos-223960/ |last1=Red Billy |website=The Peoples Person |title = Manchester United fans' anti-Glazer protest at OId Trafford: Pictures and Videos|date = 24 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2021/04/24/man-utd-fans-protest-old-trafford-glazers-super-league/|title=Thousands of fans gather outside Old Trafford in protest against Man Utd owners|first=Tom|last=Morgan|newspaper=The Telegraph |date=24 April 2021 |url-access=registration |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520101821/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2021/04/24/man-utd-fans-protest-old-trafford-glazers-super-league/ |archive-date= 2024-05-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/manchester-united-fans-gather-outside-20459035|title=Manchester United fans gather outside Old Trafford for protest against ownership and Super League fiasco - latest updates |website=Manchester Evening News |first1=Chris |last1=Slater|first2=Sophie |last2=Halle-Richards |date=24 April 2021}}</ref> Daga baya Joel Glazer ya nemi gafarar magoya bayan kungiyar, yana cewa "[ya] yi kuskure",<ref>{{cite news |last1=Whitwell |first1=Laurie |title=Joel Glazer issues apology to Manchester United fans after Super League 'unrest' |work=The Athletic |publisher=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4216600/2021/04/21/joel-glazer-issues-apology-to-manchester-united-fans-after-super-league-unrest/ |date=21 April 2021 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004065918/https://theathletic.com/news/joel-glazer-manchester-united-super-league/MgDeIVIvwsDH |archive-date= 2021-10-04}}</ref> amma magoya baya sun gaya wa wani jami'in kungiyar cewa sun "ji haushi, kunya da fushi" saboda ayyukansa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manchester United fans reject Joel Glazer's Super League apology |work=The Athletic |publisher=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4215748/2021/04/30/manchester-united-fans-reject-joel-glazers-super-league-apology/ |url-access=subscription |date=Apr 30, 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018164701/https://theathletic.com/news/european-super-league-manchester-united/MrMRdtLZKAnZ/ |archive-date=2022-10-18 }}</ref> Kafin wasan gasar da Liverpool a ranar 2 ga Mayu, an gudanar da wata zanga-zanga ta biyu a wajen Old Trafford, tare da wata karamar zanga-zanga a wajen Lowry Hotel. A wannan karon, sama da mutane 10,000 ne suka halarci zanga-zangar Old Trafford; kusan masu zanga-zanga dari ne suka shiga filin wasa. Saboda zanga-zangar, sai aka jinkirta fara wasan, domin ’yan wasa da jami’an wasan ba su iya isa filin wasan kafin lokacin da aka tsara na karfe 16:30 ba. Bayan nazari, an dage wasan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11661/12293346/manchester-united-vs-liverpool-postponed-after-anti-glazer-fan-protests-at-old-trafford|title=Manchester United vs Liverpool postponed after anti-Glazer fan protests at Old Trafford|website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref name=protest>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/56960091|title = Man Utd v Liverpool off after protest|work = BBC Sport}}</ref> Wannan shi ne karo na farko da aka dage wasan Premier League saboda zanga-zangar magoya baya a tarihin gasar.<ref name=protest/> Zanga-zangar ta samu babban kulawar kafafen yada labarai.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/manchester-united-fans-stage-anti-glazer-protest-outside-old-trafford-12293224|title = Officer has face slashed as Manchester United anti-Glazer protests force Liverpool game to be postponed}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/may/02/manchester-united-fans-invade-old-trafford-pitch-during-glazer-out-protests|title=Manchester United v Liverpool postponed after fans invade Old Trafford in protest|website=TheGuardian.com|date=2 May 2021}}</ref> Tsohon ɗan wasan baya na Liverpool Jamie Carragher, da tsoffin kyaftin din Manchester United Gary Neville da Roy Keane, waɗanda duk suke sharhi ga Sky Sports kafin wasan, sun bayyana goyon bayansu ga manufar masu zanga-zangar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportsjoe.ie/football/roy-keane-jamie-carragher-fans-old-trafford-protest-227576|title = Roy Keane makes Jamie Carragher remark as fans break into Old Trafford| date=2 May 2021 }}</ref> ==Sayar da wani kaso a shekarar 2023–24== A ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2022, iyalan Glazer sun sanar da cewa suna buɗe kofa ga yiwuwar sayar da kulob din gaba ɗaya ko wani kaso daga cikinsa. A lokacin wannan sanarwar, an kiyasta darajar kulob din da £3.75&nbsp;biliyan. Sanarwar ta haifar da ƙarin kashi 17% a darajar hannun jarin kulob din a kasuwar hannun jari.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jackson |first=Jamie |date=22 November 2022 |title=Manchester United up for sale as Glazers announce plans to leave Old Trafford |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/22/manchester-united-up-for-sale-as-glazers-announce-plans-to-leave-old-trafford |access-date=18 October 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Zuwa ranar ƙarshe ta zagaye na biyu na gabatar da tayin, 23 ga Maris 2023, an samu tayin daga hamshakin attajirin Birtaniya Jim Ratcliffe da Sheikh Jassim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani na Qatar domin sayen kulob din gaba ɗaya, da kuma kamfanin Amurka Elliott Investment Management domin sayen ƙaramin kaso. An ruwaito cewa mafi girman tayin ya kai £4.5&nbsp;biliyan, amma bai kai kimar £6&nbsp;biliyan da Glazers suka sanya wa kulob din ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester United sale: Extensions granted for Qatar's Sheikh Jassim and Sir Jim Ratcliffe's Ineos |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12840491/manchester-united-sale-qatari-world-record-bid-not-received-as-extension-granted-by-raine-group |access-date=18 October 2023 |website=Sky Sports }}</ref> Financial Times ta ruwaito cewa Sheikh Jassim ya gabatar da ingantaccen tayin £5&nbsp;biliyan a zagaye na uku na tayin, yayin da Ratcliffe shi ma ya gabatar da wani tayin da ba a bayyana adadinsa ba. A wannan lokacin, an kiyasta darajar kulob din da £2.5&nbsp;biliyan, tare da bashi na £640&nbsp;miliyan.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Agini |first=Samuel |date=6 May 2023 |title=Manchester United sale runs into extra time after three rounds of bidding |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/98c8a93f-181a-45be-97e7-46a072d0f308 |access-date=18 October 2023 }}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Agusta, an ruwaito cewa tayin Jassim na biyar na £5&nbsp;biliyan har yanzu yana nan, amma damuwa na ƙaruwa cewa ba za a samu sayarwar ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester United takeover: Sheikh Jassim's £5bn offer remains on table but concerns Glazer family will not sell |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/12945698/manchester-united-takeover-sheikh-jassims-5bn-offer-remains-on-table-but-concerns-glazer-family-will-not-sell |access-date=18 October 2023 |website=Sky Sports }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Satumba, bayan rahotannin cewa an dakatar da sayarwar saboda babu ɗaya daga cikin masu tayin da ya kai kimar £10&nbsp;biliyan da Glazers suka sanya wa kulob din, farashin hannun jarin kulob din ya ragu da kashi 18% a rana guda, wanda shi ne mafi girman raguwar da aka taɓa samu a tarihinsa, lamarin da ya sa darajar kulob din ta koma £2.5&nbsp;biliyan.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 September 2023 |title=Manchester United shares dive on report sale is off |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-66725924 |access-date=18 October 2023 }}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Oktoba, Sheikh Jassim ya janye daga tsarin neman sayen kulob din, inda aka ruwaito cewa rashin samun ci gaba daga ɓangaren Glazers ya fara ba shi haushi. Haka kuma an ruwaito cewa tayin Ratcliffe na sayen kashi 25% na kulob din yana gab da kammalawa, kuma hakan zai kasance mataki na farko zuwa cikakken saye a hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester United: Qatari businessman Sheikh Jassim withdraws from process to buy club |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12984553/manchester-united-qatari-businessman-sheikh-jassim-withdrawing-from-process-to-buy-club |access-date=18 October 2023 |website=Sky Sports }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 October 2023 |title=Qatar's Sheikh Jassim withdraws from bid to buy Man Utd |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67107688 |access-date=18 October 2023 |website=BBC Sport }}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Disamba 2023, an sanar da sayen kashi 25% na Manchester United da Ratcliffe ya yi, tare da cikakken iko kan harkokin wasanni.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/13037388/manchester-united-takeover-sir-jim-ratcliffe-completes-deal-to-purchase-25-per-cent-of-club | title=Manchester United takeover: Sir Jim Ratcliffe completes deal to purchase 25 per cent of club }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://news.sky.com/story/manchester-united-confirm-sale-of-25-stake-to-british-billionaire-sir-jim-ratcliffe-13037398 | title='Mixed feelings' from fans as Manchester United confirm sale of 25% stake to British billionaire Sir Jim Ratcliffe }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/dec/24/sir-jim-ratcliffe-manchester-united-stake-announced | title=Sir Jim Ratcliffe completes deal to buy Manchester United 25% minority stake | newspaper=The Guardian | date=24 December 2023 | last1=Jackson | first1=Jamie }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/manchester-united-jim-ratcliffe-takeover-glazers-deal-b2445148.html | title=Sir Jim Ratcliffe finally completes Manchester United minority takeover | website=Independent.co.uk | date=24 December 2023 }}</ref><ref name="ratcliffe-set">{{Cite web |date=2023-12-24 |title=Sir Jim Ratcliffe completes 25% investment in Man United |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/38990082/sir-jim-ratcliffe-set-complete-man-united-investment-sources |first1=Rob |last1=Dawson |website=ESPN |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118225508/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/story/_/id/38990082/sir-jim-ratcliffe-set-complete-man-united-investment-sources |archive-date= Jan 18, 2024 }}</ref> A ranar 20 ga Fabrairu 2024, an tabbatar da sayen wani kaso na kulob din da Ratcliffe ya yi. An kammala sayarwar ta hannun Trawlers Ltd., wani kamfani da Ratcliffe ya mallaka gaba ɗaya. Yarjejeniyar ta sa Ratcliffe ya biya kusan £1.3&nbsp;biliyan<ref name="ratcliffe-set"/> domin samun kaso na farko na 26.2% a kulob din. Daga baya aka fitar da ƙarin hannun jari a madadin zuba jarin jari na £158.5&nbsp;miliyan da Ratcliffe ya yi bayan kammala yarjejeniyar, wanda ya ƙara kaso na mallakarsa zuwa 27.7%. Ratcliffe ya ƙara zuba £79.2&nbsp;miliyan kafin 31 ga Disamba 2024, kuma kaso na mallakarsa yanzu ya kai 28.9%.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bracknellnews.co.uk/sport/national/24133078.sir-jim-ratcliffe-completes-purchase-manchester-united-stake/ | title=Sir Jim Ratcliffe completes purchase of Manchester United stake | date=20 February 2024 |website=Bracknell News |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221190010/https://www.bracknellnews.co.uk/sport/national/24133078.sir-jim-ratcliffe-completes-purchase-manchester-united-stake/ |archive-date= Feb 21, 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release | url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240220946628/en/ | title=Manchester United PLC and Trawlers Ltd Announce the Successful Completion of Sir Jim Ratcliffe's Minority Investment | date=20 February 2024 |website=Business Wire |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221190010/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240220946628/en/ |archive-date= Feb 21, 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2024/feb/20/sir-jim-ratcliffe-manchester-united-buy-in-official-sign-off#:~:text=Ratcliffe%2C%20who%20has%20gained%20control,the%20largest%20individual%20United%20shareholder. | title=Sir Jim Ratcliffe's Manchester United buy-in gets official sign-off | newspaper=The Guardian | date=20 February 2024 | last1=Jackson | first1=Jamie }}</ref> ==Haɗin mallaka da INEOS== A ranar 9 ga Maris 2025, abin da aka bayyana a matsayin babbar zanga-zanga ta farko tun bayan sayen wani kaso na kulob din da Ratcliffe ya yi, ta ga dubban magoya baya sun yi zanga-zanga kan mallakar Glazer da Ratcliffe, bayan ƙarin farashin tikiti zuwa £66 da kuma sallamar ma'aikata 450 da nufin rage asarar £131&nbsp;miliyan da kulob din ke yi a shekara. Kulob din har yanzu yana da bashi sama da £1&nbsp;biliyan, bayan da ya tara £37&nbsp;miliyan na kuɗin ruwa kan bashi a shekarar da ta gabata.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/articles/c5y40x9nvk9o|title=Manchester United: Thousands of fans protest against club ownership|date=9 March 2025|website=BBC Sport}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} aqp3kbdfj9q8v67rt9jgoqto7w69jky 0 177838 961743 2026-10-02T06:46:28Z Sirjat 20447 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376680598|F.C. United of Manchester]]" 961743 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. == Masu goyon baya == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] enzdp9d1813ej81jz01gdiwgwqaqtp5 961744 961743 2026-10-02T06:46:51Z Sirjat 20447 961744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. == Masu goyon baya == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ts9udvvwrnkibna5dpn18zt17mo11dk 961745 961744 2026-10-02T06:48:53Z Sirjat 20447 /* Masu goyon baya */ 961745 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. == Masu goyon baya == ==Tsari== F.C. United yana aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar al'umma mai amfani ga jama'a.<ref name="fc-waw"/> Ana samun zama memba ta hanyar biyan kuɗin shekara na £25 ga kulob din (£5 ga yara), amma kowane memba yana samun kaso ɗaya ne kawai a kulob din kuma yana da damar kada ƙuri'a ɗaya a tarurruka, ba tare da la'akari da adadin kuɗin da ya bayar ba.<ref name="Manifesto">{{cite web |title=The Manifesto: Who We Are and What We Mean |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=11 December 2005 |archive-date=9 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409123223/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Membership">{{cite web |title=Membership of F.C. United of Manchester |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518230947/http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kwamitin gudanarwa ya ƙunshi mambobi har guda 11 waɗanda membobin kulob din ke zaɓe.<ref name="board-announced">{{cite web |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=6 July 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Babban jami'in zartarwa ne ke kula da ayyukan yau da kullum na kulob din; Andy Walsh, wanda yana daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa F.C. United, an naɗa shi a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2005.<ref name="nonleaguepaper" /> Ya sauka daga wannan matsayi a ƙarshen Yuni 2016.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |title=Key founder of FC United to stand down after 11 years |author=Paul Britton |date=23 March 2016 |work=Manchester Evening News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513221101/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |archive-date=13 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Damian Chadwick, wani daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kulob din, ya fara wannan matsayi a watan Nuwamba 2016. Chadwick ya sauka a shekarar 2018, kuma Paul Smith ya maye gurbinsa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |title=Welcome Damian Chadwick, FC United's new CEO |date=7 November 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111000632/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=11 November 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2023 an ɗauki Danny Davis aiki a matsayin Babban Manaja.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}} Manufar kulob din ta ƙunshi waɗannan muhimman ƙa'idoji:<ref name="Manifesto" /> # Membobin kulob din za su zaɓi Kwamitin gudanarwa ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya; # Za a yanke shawarar membobi bisa tsarin memba ɗaya, ƙuri'a ɗaya; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa alaƙa da al'ummar yankin kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa mai sauƙin shiga ga kowa, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga kowa ba; # Kulob din zai yi ƙoƙarin sanya farashin shiga ya kasance mai sauƙin biya gwargwadon iko, ga mutane masu yawa; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa matasa na yankin su shiga — wajen wasa da kuma mara wa kulob din baya — duk lokacin da zai yiwu; # Kwamitin gudanarwa zai yi ƙoƙari, a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya guji kasuwanci kai tsaye; # Kulob din zai kasance ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wadda ba ta neman riba. Kulob din yana karɓar tallafi daga masu ɗaukar nauyi amma ba ya barin a nuna tambarin masu ɗaukar nauyin a kan rigunan 'yan wasan.<ref name="Club sponsor"/> Babban mai ɗaukar nauyin kulob din a farkon kakar 2005–06 shi ne Bhopal Medical Appeal, yayin da a kakar 2006–07 kuma Williams BMW Group ne.<ref name="Bhopal">{{cite web |title=Bhopal Medical Appeal Collection |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=26 September 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120921/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Simon Donohue |title=F.C. United hires ad agency |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=5 December 2006 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120443/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Tsakanin 2011 da 2016, mxData, wani kamfanin Manchester da ke haɓaka manhajojin wayar hannu, ne ya ɗauki nauyin F.C. United.<ref name="Club sponsor"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |title=mxData signs new community sponsorship deal with FC United|date=3 August 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902093417/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |archive-date=2 September 2016 |url-status=live|access-date=2 September 2016}}</ref> A watan Oktoba 2014, F.C. United ya zama kulob din ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Birtaniya da Living Wage Foundation ta amince da shi a matsayin mai ɗaukar ma'aikata da ke biyan albashin rayuwa.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |title=FC United beat Premier League giants to first football club awarded Living Wage employer title |author=Luke Marino |date=17 October 2014 |work=Mancunian Matters |publisher=News Associates |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524143539/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |archive-date=24 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2016}}</ref> ==Suka== An soki F.C. United da waɗanda suka kafa shi, kuma magoya bayan Manchester United da kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bayyana ra'ayoyi daban-daban a kansu; wasu magoya baya suna kallon waɗanda suka zaɓi barin Manchester United domin bin F.C. United a matsayin "masu cin amana".<ref>{{cite news|title=Manchester United supporters still hold club's heart and soul dear not their bottom line |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html|date=19 February 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Jim |last=White |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120602/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=F.C. United: A punk football fairytale |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale|date=21 November 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Julian|last=Coman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164659/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kocin Manchester United Sir Alex Ferguson ya tambayi amincin magoya bayan da suka yanke shawarar kafa kulob din da kuma dalilin kafa F.C. United a cikin wani littafi na shekarar 2006:<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart|last=Brennan|title=Fergie lays into F.C. United |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382|date=5 September 2006|access-date=27 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415165104/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{blockquote|text=Na yi nadama game da hakan. Wannan ɓangaren yana da ɗan ban tausayi, amma ina mamakin yadda suke da girman goyon bayan United. A ganina, suna ƙoƙarin tallata ko nuna kansu ne maimakon su ce, "a ƙarshe dai kulob din ya yanke shawara, za mu tsaya tare da shi." Abin ya fi shafar su ne fiye da mu.|sign=Sir Alex Ferguson|source=''The Official Manchester United Diary of the Season'' (2006)}} Tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Eric Cantona ya nuna goyon bayansa ga kulob din, yana bayyana cewa suna da "babbar shawara" kuma yana fatan F.C. United zai "zama babban kulob kuma ya lashe Kofin Turai bayan shekaru 50".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|title=Eric Cantona: I didn't punch him strong enough. I should have punched him harder|last=Mitten|first=Andy|date=22 January 2015|work=FourFourTwo|publisher=Haymarket Media Group|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111527/http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|archive-date=25 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, yana da shekaru 43, ya ce zai kasance a shirye ya buga wa kulob din wasa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|title=Cantona: I would play for FC United|date=19 April 2010|work=Manchester Evening News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514115159/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Steve Coppell, wanda ya kasance winger na Manchester United tsakanin 1975 da 1983, ya shiga kulob din a matsayin abokin mallaka a watan Afrilu 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|title=Detroit City FC to welcome United legend Steve Coppell for FC United match|date=21 April 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514120500/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Mambobin F.C. United da kansu ma sun soki kulob din saboda barin wasu daga cikin ƙa'idojinsa, ciki har da amincewa da ɗaukar hoto tare da wani ministan gwamnati na Conservative Party a watan Oktoba 2015, duk da manufar kulob din na cewa kada a yi amfani da shi wajen tallata siyasa, kuma hakan ya faru kwana guda bayan wasu membobin kulob din sun shiga wata zanga-zanga kan rage kashe kuɗin gwamnati a Manchester.<ref name="disharmony-guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|title=FC United of Manchester: how the togetherness turned into disharmony|last=Taylor|first=Daniel|date=31 March 2016|work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505171530/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|archive-date=5 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="siege-mancmatters">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|title='Siege mentality': FC United supporters attack state of democracy at fan-owned club|last=Ford|first=Matt|date=20 April 2016|work=Mancunian Matters|publisher=News Associates|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421115110/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|archive-date=21 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> F.C. United ya kare ziyarar da cewa "wani muhimmin ɓangare" ne na samar da hanyoyin kuɗi ga masu sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa, yana mai cewa hakan zai taimaka wa wakilan gwamnati su fahimci fa'idodi da ƙalubalen zuba jari na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|title=Treasury minister visits Broadhurst Park to see benefits of social investment at FC United|date=7 October 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514111811/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|archive-date=14 May 2016|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Editan shirin kulob din ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa a watan Yuni 2015 saboda ƙarin farashin shirin na lokaci guda a wasan farko na Broadhurst Park da Benfica a watan da ya gabata; shawarar Kwamitin da aka bayyana cewa ta karya ƙa'idar kafa kulob din ta guje wa kasuwanci kai tsaye.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A lokacin kuma an soki F.C. United saboda gibin dimokuraɗiyya, bayyana gaskiya da ɗaukar alhaki tsakanin jami'an kulob din da membobinsa.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A shekarar 2016, zanga-zangar magoya baya ta sa wasu mambobin Kwamitin suka sauka daga mukamansu, sannan aka kira Taron Babban Taro na Gaggawa (EGM) domin zaɓen sabon Kwamitin. Zanga-zangar ta kai ga wasu magoya baya sun shiga filin wasa yayin wasan gida na ƙarshe na kakar 2015–16, suna neman sauran mambobin Kwamitin da ake ganin suna da alhakin rashin dimokuraɗiyya da bayyana gaskiya a kulob din su yi murabus.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters">{{cite web|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|title='An air of optimism': Board changes could signal return of happiness at FC United|work=Matt Ford|publisher=Mancunian Matters|date=9 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710142026/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|archive-date=10 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Mambobin Kwamitin guda uku sun yi murabus cikin mako guda bayan zanga-zangar da aka yi a filin wasa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|title=Club statement: Three FC United board members to resign|date=6 May 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727172937/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> tare da jami'in hulɗa da manema labarai da sadarwa na kulob din.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|title=Club press and communications officer to step down|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727173134/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni, an gudanar da EGM kuma aka zaɓi sabon Kwamitin da ya ƙunshi mambobi 11, lamarin da ya haifar da "yanayin ci gaba da kuma fata" tsakanin membobin kulob din.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters" /> 7qpqk68acd3nuutmy0yle00abwvijq7 961746 961745 2026-10-02T06:50:04Z Sirjat 20447 /* Masu goyon baya */ 961746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. ==Magoya baya== Kusan mambobi 2,000 ne suka mallaki F.C. United<ref>{{Cite web |title=Membership {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/membership |access-date=2025-08-28 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref>, kuma kulob din shi ne na uku mafi girma a Birtaniya wajen yawan mambobi a cikin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da magoya bayansu suka mallaka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.co.uk/news/hearts-become-uks-largest-fan-24873358 |title=Hearts become UK's largest fan-owned club |date=31 August 2021 }}</ref><ref name="nonleaguepaper">{{cite news |url=http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |title=FC United of Manchester general manager Andy Walsh to step down |author=Steven Coney |date=23 March 2016 |work=The Non-League Paper |publisher=Greenways Publishing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508041739/http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |archive-date=8 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Kowane memba yana iya kada ƙuri'a kan yadda ake gudanar da kulob din, ciki har da zaɓen mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa, ƙirar rigunan wasa, da farashin tikitin kakar wasa.<ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An san magoya bayan F.C. United da yawan waƙoƙin da suke rerawa yayin wasanni, kuma kafafen yaɗa labarai sun yaba da yanayin da magoya bayan ke samarwa.<ref>{{cite news |author=Tony Howard |title=We all know that Torpey wears a thong |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |work=The Guardian |date=26 October 2005 |access-date=26 October 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164249/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |title=F.C. United's impossible dream goes on |author=Julian Coman |work=The Guardian |date=7 November 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164353/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Tim Rich |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |title=Bennett ends F.C. United's dream but supporters remain on song |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |date=9 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164536/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Rory Smith |title=F.C. United of Manchester 0 Brighton and Hove Albion 4: match report |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=8 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164702/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> A kakar wasansu na farko ([[2005–06 in English football|2005–06]]), F.C. United ya kasance kulob din da ke da matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na biyu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila da ba na manyan lig-lig ba, inda matsakaicin masu kallo ya kasance 3,059, kuma shi ne kulob na 87 mafi yawan magoya baya a dukkan rukunan gasar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2005–06 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306021603/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Yawan masu kallo ya ragu a cikin kakar wasanni biyu na gaba, inda suka kasance kulob na 92 mafi yawan masu kallo a 2006–07, da na 100 a 2007–08.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2006–07 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=14 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232134/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2007–08 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040905/http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Daga nan matsakaicin yawan masu kallon wasannin lig ya daidaita zuwa kusan 2,000 a kowane wasa,<ref>{{cite web |title=Northern Premier League Premier Division Attendances 2009–10 and 2010–11 |author=Mike Avery |website=mikeavery.co.uk |url=http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |year=2011 |access-date=5 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320060226/http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |archive-date=20 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> kafin ya tashi zuwa matsakaicin 2,155 a 2014–15, wanda a lokacin shi ne matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na bakwai mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=26 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426142738/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> Bayan komawa Broadhurst Park a watan Mayu 2015, kulob din ya samu matsakaicin masu kallo 3,394 a 2015–16, wanda ya ƙaru da sama da kashi 57% idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata, kuma ya kasance matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na huɗu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=14 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501132430/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=1 May 2016}}</ref> ==Tsari== F.C. United yana aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar al'umma mai amfani ga jama'a.<ref name="fc-waw"/> Ana samun zama memba ta hanyar biyan kuɗin shekara na £25 ga kulob din (£5 ga yara), amma kowane memba yana samun kaso ɗaya ne kawai a kulob din kuma yana da damar kada ƙuri'a ɗaya a tarurruka, ba tare da la'akari da adadin kuɗin da ya bayar ba.<ref name="Manifesto">{{cite web |title=The Manifesto: Who We Are and What We Mean |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=11 December 2005 |archive-date=9 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409123223/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Membership">{{cite web |title=Membership of F.C. United of Manchester |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518230947/http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kwamitin gudanarwa ya ƙunshi mambobi har guda 11 waɗanda membobin kulob din ke zaɓe.<ref name="board-announced">{{cite web |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=6 July 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Babban jami'in zartarwa ne ke kula da ayyukan yau da kullum na kulob din; Andy Walsh, wanda yana daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa F.C. United, an naɗa shi a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2005.<ref name="nonleaguepaper" /> Ya sauka daga wannan matsayi a ƙarshen Yuni 2016.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |title=Key founder of FC United to stand down after 11 years |author=Paul Britton |date=23 March 2016 |work=Manchester Evening News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513221101/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |archive-date=13 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Damian Chadwick, wani daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kulob din, ya fara wannan matsayi a watan Nuwamba 2016. Chadwick ya sauka a shekarar 2018, kuma Paul Smith ya maye gurbinsa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |title=Welcome Damian Chadwick, FC United's new CEO |date=7 November 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111000632/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=11 November 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2023 an ɗauki Danny Davis aiki a matsayin Babban Manaja.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}} Manufar kulob din ta ƙunshi waɗannan muhimman ƙa'idoji:<ref name="Manifesto" /> # Membobin kulob din za su zaɓi Kwamitin gudanarwa ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya; # Za a yanke shawarar membobi bisa tsarin memba ɗaya, ƙuri'a ɗaya; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa alaƙa da al'ummar yankin kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa mai sauƙin shiga ga kowa, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga kowa ba; # Kulob din zai yi ƙoƙarin sanya farashin shiga ya kasance mai sauƙin biya gwargwadon iko, ga mutane masu yawa; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa matasa na yankin su shiga — wajen wasa da kuma mara wa kulob din baya — duk lokacin da zai yiwu; # Kwamitin gudanarwa zai yi ƙoƙari, a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya guji kasuwanci kai tsaye; # Kulob din zai kasance ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wadda ba ta neman riba. Kulob din yana karɓar tallafi daga masu ɗaukar nauyi amma ba ya barin a nuna tambarin masu ɗaukar nauyin a kan rigunan 'yan wasan.<ref name="Club sponsor"/> Babban mai ɗaukar nauyin kulob din a farkon kakar 2005–06 shi ne Bhopal Medical Appeal, yayin da a kakar 2006–07 kuma Williams BMW Group ne.<ref name="Bhopal">{{cite web |title=Bhopal Medical Appeal Collection |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=26 September 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120921/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Simon Donohue |title=F.C. United hires ad agency |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=5 December 2006 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120443/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Tsakanin 2011 da 2016, mxData, wani kamfanin Manchester da ke haɓaka manhajojin wayar hannu, ne ya ɗauki nauyin F.C. United.<ref name="Club sponsor"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |title=mxData signs new community sponsorship deal with FC United|date=3 August 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902093417/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |archive-date=2 September 2016 |url-status=live|access-date=2 September 2016}}</ref> A watan Oktoba 2014, F.C. United ya zama kulob din ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Birtaniya da Living Wage Foundation ta amince da shi a matsayin mai ɗaukar ma'aikata da ke biyan albashin rayuwa.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |title=FC United beat Premier League giants to first football club awarded Living Wage employer title |author=Luke Marino |date=17 October 2014 |work=Mancunian Matters |publisher=News Associates |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524143539/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |archive-date=24 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2016}}</ref> ==Suka== An soki F.C. United da waɗanda suka kafa shi, kuma magoya bayan Manchester United da kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bayyana ra'ayoyi daban-daban a kansu; wasu magoya baya suna kallon waɗanda suka zaɓi barin Manchester United domin bin F.C. United a matsayin "masu cin amana".<ref>{{cite news|title=Manchester United supporters still hold club's heart and soul dear not their bottom line |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html|date=19 February 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Jim |last=White |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120602/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=F.C. United: A punk football fairytale |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale|date=21 November 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Julian|last=Coman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164659/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kocin Manchester United Sir Alex Ferguson ya tambayi amincin magoya bayan da suka yanke shawarar kafa kulob din da kuma dalilin kafa F.C. United a cikin wani littafi na shekarar 2006:<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart|last=Brennan|title=Fergie lays into F.C. United |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382|date=5 September 2006|access-date=27 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415165104/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{blockquote|text=Na yi nadama game da hakan. Wannan ɓangaren yana da ɗan ban tausayi, amma ina mamakin yadda suke da girman goyon bayan United. A ganina, suna ƙoƙarin tallata ko nuna kansu ne maimakon su ce, "a ƙarshe dai kulob din ya yanke shawara, za mu tsaya tare da shi." Abin ya fi shafar su ne fiye da mu.|sign=Sir Alex Ferguson|source=''The Official Manchester United Diary of the Season'' (2006)}} Tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Eric Cantona ya nuna goyon bayansa ga kulob din, yana bayyana cewa suna da "babbar shawara" kuma yana fatan F.C. United zai "zama babban kulob kuma ya lashe Kofin Turai bayan shekaru 50".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|title=Eric Cantona: I didn't punch him strong enough. I should have punched him harder|last=Mitten|first=Andy|date=22 January 2015|work=FourFourTwo|publisher=Haymarket Media Group|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111527/http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|archive-date=25 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, yana da shekaru 43, ya ce zai kasance a shirye ya buga wa kulob din wasa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|title=Cantona: I would play for FC United|date=19 April 2010|work=Manchester Evening News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514115159/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Steve Coppell, wanda ya kasance winger na Manchester United tsakanin 1975 da 1983, ya shiga kulob din a matsayin abokin mallaka a watan Afrilu 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|title=Detroit City FC to welcome United legend Steve Coppell for FC United match|date=21 April 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514120500/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Mambobin F.C. United da kansu ma sun soki kulob din saboda barin wasu daga cikin ƙa'idojinsa, ciki har da amincewa da ɗaukar hoto tare da wani ministan gwamnati na Conservative Party a watan Oktoba 2015, duk da manufar kulob din na cewa kada a yi amfani da shi wajen tallata siyasa, kuma hakan ya faru kwana guda bayan wasu membobin kulob din sun shiga wata zanga-zanga kan rage kashe kuɗin gwamnati a Manchester.<ref name="disharmony-guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|title=FC United of Manchester: how the togetherness turned into disharmony|last=Taylor|first=Daniel|date=31 March 2016|work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505171530/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|archive-date=5 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="siege-mancmatters">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|title='Siege mentality': FC United supporters attack state of democracy at fan-owned club|last=Ford|first=Matt|date=20 April 2016|work=Mancunian Matters|publisher=News Associates|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421115110/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|archive-date=21 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> F.C. United ya kare ziyarar da cewa "wani muhimmin ɓangare" ne na samar da hanyoyin kuɗi ga masu sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa, yana mai cewa hakan zai taimaka wa wakilan gwamnati su fahimci fa'idodi da ƙalubalen zuba jari na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|title=Treasury minister visits Broadhurst Park to see benefits of social investment at FC United|date=7 October 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514111811/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|archive-date=14 May 2016|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Editan shirin kulob din ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa a watan Yuni 2015 saboda ƙarin farashin shirin na lokaci guda a wasan farko na Broadhurst Park da Benfica a watan da ya gabata; shawarar Kwamitin da aka bayyana cewa ta karya ƙa'idar kafa kulob din ta guje wa kasuwanci kai tsaye.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A lokacin kuma an soki F.C. United saboda gibin dimokuraɗiyya, bayyana gaskiya da ɗaukar alhaki tsakanin jami'an kulob din da membobinsa.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A shekarar 2016, zanga-zangar magoya baya ta sa wasu mambobin Kwamitin suka sauka daga mukamansu, sannan aka kira Taron Babban Taro na Gaggawa (EGM) domin zaɓen sabon Kwamitin. Zanga-zangar ta kai ga wasu magoya baya sun shiga filin wasa yayin wasan gida na ƙarshe na kakar 2015–16, suna neman sauran mambobin Kwamitin da ake ganin suna da alhakin rashin dimokuraɗiyya da bayyana gaskiya a kulob din su yi murabus.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters">{{cite web|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|title='An air of optimism': Board changes could signal return of happiness at FC United|work=Matt Ford|publisher=Mancunian Matters|date=9 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710142026/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|archive-date=10 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Mambobin Kwamitin guda uku sun yi murabus cikin mako guda bayan zanga-zangar da aka yi a filin wasa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|title=Club statement: Three FC United board members to resign|date=6 May 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727172937/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> tare da jami'in hulɗa da manema labarai da sadarwa na kulob din.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|title=Club press and communications officer to step down|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727173134/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni, an gudanar da EGM kuma aka zaɓi sabon Kwamitin da ya ƙunshi mambobi 11, lamarin da ya haifar da "yanayin ci gaba da kuma fata" tsakanin membobin kulob din.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters" /> d72455oavs34vtq2506dj8a5m4x9yjy 961747 961746 2026-10-02T06:52:45Z Sirjat 20447 /* Suka */ 961747 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. ==Magoya baya== Kusan mambobi 2,000 ne suka mallaki F.C. United<ref>{{Cite web |title=Membership {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/membership |access-date=2025-08-28 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref>, kuma kulob din shi ne na uku mafi girma a Birtaniya wajen yawan mambobi a cikin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da magoya bayansu suka mallaka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.co.uk/news/hearts-become-uks-largest-fan-24873358 |title=Hearts become UK's largest fan-owned club |date=31 August 2021 }}</ref><ref name="nonleaguepaper">{{cite news |url=http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |title=FC United of Manchester general manager Andy Walsh to step down |author=Steven Coney |date=23 March 2016 |work=The Non-League Paper |publisher=Greenways Publishing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508041739/http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |archive-date=8 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Kowane memba yana iya kada ƙuri'a kan yadda ake gudanar da kulob din, ciki har da zaɓen mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa, ƙirar rigunan wasa, da farashin tikitin kakar wasa.<ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An san magoya bayan F.C. United da yawan waƙoƙin da suke rerawa yayin wasanni, kuma kafafen yaɗa labarai sun yaba da yanayin da magoya bayan ke samarwa.<ref>{{cite news |author=Tony Howard |title=We all know that Torpey wears a thong |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |work=The Guardian |date=26 October 2005 |access-date=26 October 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164249/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |title=F.C. United's impossible dream goes on |author=Julian Coman |work=The Guardian |date=7 November 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164353/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Tim Rich |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |title=Bennett ends F.C. United's dream but supporters remain on song |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |date=9 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164536/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Rory Smith |title=F.C. United of Manchester 0 Brighton and Hove Albion 4: match report |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=8 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164702/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> A kakar wasansu na farko ([[2005–06 in English football|2005–06]]), F.C. United ya kasance kulob din da ke da matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na biyu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila da ba na manyan lig-lig ba, inda matsakaicin masu kallo ya kasance 3,059, kuma shi ne kulob na 87 mafi yawan magoya baya a dukkan rukunan gasar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2005–06 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306021603/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Yawan masu kallo ya ragu a cikin kakar wasanni biyu na gaba, inda suka kasance kulob na 92 mafi yawan masu kallo a 2006–07, da na 100 a 2007–08.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2006–07 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=14 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232134/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2007–08 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040905/http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Daga nan matsakaicin yawan masu kallon wasannin lig ya daidaita zuwa kusan 2,000 a kowane wasa,<ref>{{cite web |title=Northern Premier League Premier Division Attendances 2009–10 and 2010–11 |author=Mike Avery |website=mikeavery.co.uk |url=http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |year=2011 |access-date=5 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320060226/http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |archive-date=20 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> kafin ya tashi zuwa matsakaicin 2,155 a 2014–15, wanda a lokacin shi ne matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na bakwai mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=26 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426142738/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> Bayan komawa Broadhurst Park a watan Mayu 2015, kulob din ya samu matsakaicin masu kallo 3,394 a 2015–16, wanda ya ƙaru da sama da kashi 57% idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata, kuma ya kasance matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na huɗu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=14 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501132430/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=1 May 2016}}</ref> ==Tsari== F.C. United yana aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar al'umma mai amfani ga jama'a.<ref name="fc-waw"/> Ana samun zama memba ta hanyar biyan kuɗin shekara na £25 ga kulob din (£5 ga yara), amma kowane memba yana samun kaso ɗaya ne kawai a kulob din kuma yana da damar kada ƙuri'a ɗaya a tarurruka, ba tare da la'akari da adadin kuɗin da ya bayar ba.<ref name="Manifesto">{{cite web |title=The Manifesto: Who We Are and What We Mean |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=11 December 2005 |archive-date=9 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409123223/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Membership">{{cite web |title=Membership of F.C. United of Manchester |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518230947/http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kwamitin gudanarwa ya ƙunshi mambobi har guda 11 waɗanda membobin kulob din ke zaɓe.<ref name="board-announced">{{cite web |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=6 July 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Babban jami'in zartarwa ne ke kula da ayyukan yau da kullum na kulob din; Andy Walsh, wanda yana daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa F.C. United, an naɗa shi a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2005.<ref name="nonleaguepaper" /> Ya sauka daga wannan matsayi a ƙarshen Yuni 2016.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |title=Key founder of FC United to stand down after 11 years |author=Paul Britton |date=23 March 2016 |work=Manchester Evening News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513221101/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |archive-date=13 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Damian Chadwick, wani daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kulob din, ya fara wannan matsayi a watan Nuwamba 2016. Chadwick ya sauka a shekarar 2018, kuma Paul Smith ya maye gurbinsa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |title=Welcome Damian Chadwick, FC United's new CEO |date=7 November 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111000632/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=11 November 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2023 an ɗauki Danny Davis aiki a matsayin Babban Manaja.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}} Manufar kulob din ta ƙunshi waɗannan muhimman ƙa'idoji:<ref name="Manifesto" /> # Membobin kulob din za su zaɓi Kwamitin gudanarwa ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya; # Za a yanke shawarar membobi bisa tsarin memba ɗaya, ƙuri'a ɗaya; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa alaƙa da al'ummar yankin kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa mai sauƙin shiga ga kowa, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga kowa ba; # Kulob din zai yi ƙoƙarin sanya farashin shiga ya kasance mai sauƙin biya gwargwadon iko, ga mutane masu yawa; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa matasa na yankin su shiga — wajen wasa da kuma mara wa kulob din baya — duk lokacin da zai yiwu; # Kwamitin gudanarwa zai yi ƙoƙari, a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya guji kasuwanci kai tsaye; # Kulob din zai kasance ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wadda ba ta neman riba. Kulob din yana karɓar tallafi daga masu ɗaukar nauyi amma ba ya barin a nuna tambarin masu ɗaukar nauyin a kan rigunan 'yan wasan.<ref name="Club sponsor"/> Babban mai ɗaukar nauyin kulob din a farkon kakar 2005–06 shi ne Bhopal Medical Appeal, yayin da a kakar 2006–07 kuma Williams BMW Group ne.<ref name="Bhopal">{{cite web |title=Bhopal Medical Appeal Collection |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=26 September 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120921/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Simon Donohue |title=F.C. United hires ad agency |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=5 December 2006 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120443/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Tsakanin 2011 da 2016, mxData, wani kamfanin Manchester da ke haɓaka manhajojin wayar hannu, ne ya ɗauki nauyin F.C. United.<ref name="Club sponsor"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |title=mxData signs new community sponsorship deal with FC United|date=3 August 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902093417/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |archive-date=2 September 2016 |url-status=live|access-date=2 September 2016}}</ref> A watan Oktoba 2014, F.C. United ya zama kulob din ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Birtaniya da Living Wage Foundation ta amince da shi a matsayin mai ɗaukar ma'aikata da ke biyan albashin rayuwa.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |title=FC United beat Premier League giants to first football club awarded Living Wage employer title |author=Luke Marino |date=17 October 2014 |work=Mancunian Matters |publisher=News Associates |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524143539/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |archive-date=24 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2016}}</ref> ==Suka== An soki F.C. United da waɗanda suka kafa shi, kuma magoya bayan Manchester United da kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bayyana ra'ayoyi daban-daban a kansu; wasu magoya baya suna kallon waɗanda suka zaɓi barin Manchester United domin bin F.C. United a matsayin "masu cin amana".<ref>{{cite news|title=Manchester United supporters still hold club's heart and soul dear not their bottom line |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html|date=19 February 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Jim |last=White |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120602/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=F.C. United: A punk football fairytale |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale|date=21 November 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Julian|last=Coman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164659/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kocin Manchester United Sir Alex Ferguson ya tambayi amincin magoya bayan da suka yanke shawarar kafa kulob din da kuma dalilin kafa F.C. United a cikin wani littafi na shekarar 2006:<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart|last=Brennan|title=Fergie lays into F.C. United |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382|date=5 September 2006|access-date=27 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415165104/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{blockquote|text=Na yi nadama game da hakan. Wannan ɓangaren yana da ɗan ban tausayi, amma ina mamakin yadda suke da girman goyon bayan United. A ganina, suna ƙoƙarin tallata ko nuna kansu ne maimakon su ce, "a ƙarshe dai kulob din ya yanke shawara, za mu tsaya tare da shi." Abin ya fi shafar su ne fiye da mu.|sign=Sir Alex Ferguson|source=''The Official Manchester United Diary of the Season'' (2006)}} Tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Eric Cantona ya nuna goyon bayansa ga kulob din, yana bayyana cewa suna da "babbar shawara" kuma yana fatan F.C. United zai "zama babban kulob kuma ya lashe Kofin Turai bayan shekaru 50".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|title=Eric Cantona: I didn't punch him strong enough. I should have punched him harder|last=Mitten|first=Andy|date=22 January 2015|work=FourFourTwo|publisher=Haymarket Media Group|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111527/http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|archive-date=25 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, yana da shekaru 43, ya ce zai kasance a shirye ya buga wa kulob din wasa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|title=Cantona: I would play for FC United|date=19 April 2010|work=Manchester Evening News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514115159/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Steve Coppell, wanda ya kasance winger na Manchester United tsakanin 1975 da 1983, ya shiga kulob din a matsayin abokin mallaka a watan Afrilu 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|title=Detroit City FC to welcome United legend Steve Coppell for FC United match|date=21 April 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514120500/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Mambobin F.C. United da kansu ma sun soki kulob din saboda barin wasu daga cikin ƙa'idojinsa, ciki har da amincewa da ɗaukar hoto tare da wani ministan gwamnati na Conservative Party a watan Oktoba 2015, duk da manufar kulob din na cewa kada a yi amfani da shi wajen tallata siyasa, kuma hakan ya faru kwana guda bayan wasu membobin kulob din sun shiga wata zanga-zanga kan rage kashe kuɗin gwamnati a Manchester.<ref name="disharmony-guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|title=FC United of Manchester: how the togetherness turned into disharmony|last=Taylor|first=Daniel|date=31 March 2016|work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505171530/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|archive-date=5 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="siege-mancmatters">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|title='Siege mentality': FC United supporters attack state of democracy at fan-owned club|last=Ford|first=Matt|date=20 April 2016|work=Mancunian Matters|publisher=News Associates|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421115110/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|archive-date=21 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> F.C. United ya kare ziyarar da cewa "wani muhimmin ɓangare" ne na samar da hanyoyin kuɗi ga masu sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa, yana mai cewa hakan zai taimaka wa wakilan gwamnati su fahimci fa'idodi da ƙalubalen zuba jari na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|title=Treasury minister visits Broadhurst Park to see benefits of social investment at FC United|date=7 October 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514111811/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|archive-date=14 May 2016|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Editan shirin kulob din ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa a watan Yuni 2015 saboda ƙarin farashin shirin na lokaci guda a wasan farko na Broadhurst Park da Benfica a watan da ya gabata; shawarar Kwamitin da aka bayyana cewa ta karya ƙa'idar kafa kulob din ta guje wa kasuwanci kai tsaye.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A lokacin kuma an soki F.C. United saboda gibin dimokuraɗiyya, bayyana gaskiya da ɗaukar alhaki tsakanin jami'an kulob din da membobinsa.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A shekarar 2016, zanga-zangar magoya baya ta sa wasu mambobin Kwamitin suka sauka daga mukamansu, sannan aka kira Taron Babban Taro na Gaggawa (EGM) domin zaɓen sabon Kwamitin. Zanga-zangar ta kai ga wasu magoya baya sun shiga filin wasa yayin wasan gida na ƙarshe na kakar 2015–16, suna neman sauran mambobin Kwamitin da ake ganin suna da alhakin rashin dimokuraɗiyya da bayyana gaskiya a kulob din su yi murabus.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters">{{cite web|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|title='An air of optimism': Board changes could signal return of happiness at FC United|work=Matt Ford|publisher=Mancunian Matters|date=9 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710142026/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|archive-date=10 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Mambobin Kwamitin guda uku sun yi murabus cikin mako guda bayan zanga-zangar da aka yi a filin wasa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|title=Club statement: Three FC United board members to resign|date=6 May 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727172937/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> tare da jami'in hulɗa da manema labarai da sadarwa na kulob din.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|title=Club press and communications officer to step down|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727173134/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni, an gudanar da EGM kuma aka zaɓi sabon Kwamitin da ya ƙunshi mambobi 11, lamarin da ya haifar da "yanayin ci gaba da kuma fata" tsakanin membobin kulob din.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters" /> ==Ƙididdiga da tarihin wasanni== [[File:RoryPatterson.jpg|thumb|[[Rory Patterson]] ya zura ƙwallaye 99 a dukkan gasa da ya buga wa F.C. United. Daga baya ya wakilci Northern Ireland.|alt=Rory Patterson cikin jan kayan wasan gida na F.C. United yana wasa a filin wasa, a gaban gine-ginen bulo.]] Jerome Wright ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan wasannin da aka buga wa F.C. United, inda ya buga wasanni 400 {{As of|2018|March|lc=y}}.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Tom Greaves ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura wa kulob ɗin, da ƙwallaye 102 a dukkan gasa, ciki har da 86 a gasar lig da 16 a wasannin kofuna {{As of|2018|January|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|title=All time players statistics|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-date=22 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122005546/http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|url-status=live}}</ref> Wasu 'yan wasa shida, [[Rory Patterson]], Mike Norton, [[Matthew Wolfenden (footballer)|Matthew Wolfenden]], Jerome Wright, Simon Carden da Stuart Rudd, su ma sun zura ƙwallaye sama da 50 wa kulob ɗin.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Rudd ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a kakar wasa guda, inda ya zura ƙwallaye 45 a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="fcunitedRU">{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|title=Records and trophies|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403225619/http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|archive-date=3 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=11 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi yawan maki da ƙungiyar ta samu a kakar wasa guda shi ne maki 112 a kakar 2006–07, yayin da mafi yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura a kakar wasa guda su ne 157, waɗanda aka zura a wasanni 42 a kakar 2006–07.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|title=F.C. United of Manchester|publisher=Football Club History Database|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074859/http://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|access-date=12 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi kyawun sakamakon kulob ɗin a gasar FA Cup shi ne kaiwa zagaye na biyu a kakar 2010–11. Bayan nasarar 3–2 a zagaye na farko a kan [[Rochdale A.F.C.|Rochdale]], F.C. United ta tashi 1–1 da [[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a waje, lamarin da ya tilasta a sake buga wasan a gida, inda suka sha kashi da ci 0–4.<ref name="brighton-loss" /> Daga baya ƙungiyar ta sake kaiwa zagayen farko na FA Cup sau biyu, inda ta sha kashi da ci 1–4 a kakar 2015–16 a hannun [[Chesterfield F.C.|Chesterfield]]<ref name="chesterfield-loss" /> da ci 1–5 a kakar 2020–21 a hannun [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]. A kakar 2006–07, F.C. United ta kai zagaye na uku na [[FA Vase]], bayan ta doke [[Padiham F.C.|Padiham]] da [[Salford City F.C.|Salford City]] a zagayen farko da na biyu, amma ta sha kashi da ci 2–3 a gida a hannun [[Quorn F.C.|Quorn]] bayan ƙarin lokaci.<ref name="quorn-loss" /> A kakar 2014–15, ta kai zagaye na huɗu na [[2014–15 FA Trophy|FA Trophy]], bayan ta doke [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]], [[Chorley F.C.|Chorley]] da [[AFC Fylde]] a zagayen farko uku, kafin ta sha kashi da ci 0–1 a waje a hannun [[Torquay United F.C.|Torquay United]].<ref name="torquay-loss">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|title=F.C. United of Manchester 1–0 Torquay United match report|last=Haley|first=Matthew|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|url-status=live|access-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417093921/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|archive-date=17 April 2016}}</ref> Babbar nasarar F.C. United a tarihin gasar lig ita ce ta 10–2 a kan [[Rochdale Town F.C.|Castleton Gabriels]] a ranar 10 Disamba 2005 a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]]; Simon Carden ya zura biyar daga cikin ƙwallayen, wanda shi ne tarihin kulob ɗin na yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a wasa guda.<ref name="fcunitedRU" /> F.C. United ta samu nasarar cin wasa da tazarar ƙwallaye takwas a wasu lokuta uku, a wasannin da ta ci [[Squires Gate F.C.|Squires Gate]], [[Glossop North End A.F.C.|Glossop North End]] da [[Nelson F.C.|Nelson]] da ci 8–0, duk a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Babbar rashin nasarar kulob ɗin a gasar lig ita ce ta 0–6 a waje a hannun [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]] a ranar 10 Maris 2018 a National League North.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Mafi yawan masu kallo da suka halarci wasan F.C. United a gida su ne 6,731 a wasan da suka buga da Brighton a zagaye na biyu na FA Cup na kakar 2010–11 a ranar 8 Disamba 2010, da kuma 6,023 a wasan da suka buga da [[Great Harwood Town F.C.|Great Harwood Town]] a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a ranar 22 Afrilu 2006, dukkan wasannin a [[Gigg Lane]].<ref name="F.C. United records" /> =='Yan wasa== {{Category see also|LABEL=For a category of notable former players, see|Category:F.C. United of Manchester players}} ===Tawagar farko=== [[File:FC United September 2011.jpg|thumb|'Yan wasan F.C. United a shekarar 2011 suna gode wa magoya baya saboda goyon bayansu|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United takwas a gefen yankin bugun fanareti bayan wasa. 'Yan wasa shida daga cikinsu suna tafa wa magoya baya.]] {{updated|18 August 2026}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad – Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=18 August 2026|website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=Dan Atherton}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Devine}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Declan Evans}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Charlie Hayes-Green}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=CZE|pos=DF|name=Jan Palinkas}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=[[Nathan Snowball]]|other=on loan from [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Thomson}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Michael Donohue]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Paul Ennis|Charlie Ennis]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|captain]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Fearnley}} {{fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Ruben Grewal}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Grivosti}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Arran Pettifer]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Hamed Sidibe}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Adam Sudworth}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Andre Wisdom]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=Jordan Buckley}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ZAM|pos=FW|name=Donald Chimalilo}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Adam Le Fondre]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Gerald Sithole]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Niall Watson]]|other=on loan from [[Hednesford Town F.C.|Hednesford Town]]}} {{Fs end}} ====A aro==== {{Fs start}} {{Fs end}} ===Wakilcin ƙasashe=== F.C. United ta taimaka wajen samar da 'yan wasa da dama da suka shiga harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa; babban mai zura ƙwallayen kulob ɗin a tarihi, [[Rory Patterson]], daga baya ya buga wasa kuma ya zura ƙwallaye wa [[Northern Ireland national football team|Northern Ireland a babban matakin ƙasa da ƙasa]], yayin da ɗan wasan gaba [[Matthew Walwyn]] ya fara buga wa [[Saint Kitts and Nevis national football team|Saint Kitts and Nevis]] wasa a wasan sada zumunci da [[Andorra national football team|Andorra]] a Nuwamba 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |title=Coleraine's Rory Patterson is in Northern Ireland squad |publisher=BBC News |date=22 February 2010 |access-date=17 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208040131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |archive-date=8 February 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season=2016/matches/round=2000582/match=2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html |title=Friendlies 2014–16 – Andorra–St. Kitts |date=12 November 2015 |publisher=UEFA |access-date=11 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511233502/http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season%3D2016/matches/round%3D2000582/match%3D2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html|archive-date=11 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ƙungiyar matasa ta F.C. United ta samu wakilci a tawagar 'yan makarantar England ta hannun Scott Cheetham a shekarar 2011<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |title=F.C. United youngster shocked by England call-up |work=Manchester Evening News |date=20 January 2011 |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417130812/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> sannan a shekarar 2013, kulob ɗin ya ɗauki ɗan wasan baya na [[Pakistan national men's football team|tawagar ƙasar Pakistan]] [[Amjad Iqbal]] daga [[Bradford Park Avenue F.C.|Bradford Park Avenue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |title=FC United ready for trip to Witton for Trophy tie |date=18 October 2013 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018132129/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |archive-date=18 October 2013 |url-status=live |access-date=2 June 2016}}</ref> Sauran 'yan wasan F.C. United da suka buga wa ƙasashensu wasa sun haɗa da [[Stephen O'Halloran]] (Jamhuriyar Ireland), [[Ludovic Quistin]] (Guadeloupe), [[Jason St Juste]] da [[Jacob Hazel]] (dukansu Saint Kitts and Nevis). kc2ulbb88itrm26m4dwhd3yjb32ig1z 961749 961747 2026-10-02T06:54:20Z Sirjat 20447 /* Wakilcin ƙasashe */ 961749 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. ==Magoya baya== Kusan mambobi 2,000 ne suka mallaki F.C. United<ref>{{Cite web |title=Membership {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/membership |access-date=2025-08-28 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref>, kuma kulob din shi ne na uku mafi girma a Birtaniya wajen yawan mambobi a cikin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da magoya bayansu suka mallaka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.co.uk/news/hearts-become-uks-largest-fan-24873358 |title=Hearts become UK's largest fan-owned club |date=31 August 2021 }}</ref><ref name="nonleaguepaper">{{cite news |url=http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |title=FC United of Manchester general manager Andy Walsh to step down |author=Steven Coney |date=23 March 2016 |work=The Non-League Paper |publisher=Greenways Publishing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508041739/http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |archive-date=8 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Kowane memba yana iya kada ƙuri'a kan yadda ake gudanar da kulob din, ciki har da zaɓen mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa, ƙirar rigunan wasa, da farashin tikitin kakar wasa.<ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An san magoya bayan F.C. United da yawan waƙoƙin da suke rerawa yayin wasanni, kuma kafafen yaɗa labarai sun yaba da yanayin da magoya bayan ke samarwa.<ref>{{cite news |author=Tony Howard |title=We all know that Torpey wears a thong |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |work=The Guardian |date=26 October 2005 |access-date=26 October 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164249/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |title=F.C. United's impossible dream goes on |author=Julian Coman |work=The Guardian |date=7 November 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164353/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Tim Rich |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |title=Bennett ends F.C. United's dream but supporters remain on song |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |date=9 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164536/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Rory Smith |title=F.C. United of Manchester 0 Brighton and Hove Albion 4: match report |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=8 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164702/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> A kakar wasansu na farko ([[2005–06 in English football|2005–06]]), F.C. United ya kasance kulob din da ke da matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na biyu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila da ba na manyan lig-lig ba, inda matsakaicin masu kallo ya kasance 3,059, kuma shi ne kulob na 87 mafi yawan magoya baya a dukkan rukunan gasar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2005–06 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306021603/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Yawan masu kallo ya ragu a cikin kakar wasanni biyu na gaba, inda suka kasance kulob na 92 mafi yawan masu kallo a 2006–07, da na 100 a 2007–08.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2006–07 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=14 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232134/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2007–08 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040905/http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Daga nan matsakaicin yawan masu kallon wasannin lig ya daidaita zuwa kusan 2,000 a kowane wasa,<ref>{{cite web |title=Northern Premier League Premier Division Attendances 2009–10 and 2010–11 |author=Mike Avery |website=mikeavery.co.uk |url=http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |year=2011 |access-date=5 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320060226/http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |archive-date=20 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> kafin ya tashi zuwa matsakaicin 2,155 a 2014–15, wanda a lokacin shi ne matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na bakwai mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=26 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426142738/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> Bayan komawa Broadhurst Park a watan Mayu 2015, kulob din ya samu matsakaicin masu kallo 3,394 a 2015–16, wanda ya ƙaru da sama da kashi 57% idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata, kuma ya kasance matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na huɗu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=14 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501132430/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=1 May 2016}}</ref> ==Tsari== F.C. United yana aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar al'umma mai amfani ga jama'a.<ref name="fc-waw"/> Ana samun zama memba ta hanyar biyan kuɗin shekara na £25 ga kulob din (£5 ga yara), amma kowane memba yana samun kaso ɗaya ne kawai a kulob din kuma yana da damar kada ƙuri'a ɗaya a tarurruka, ba tare da la'akari da adadin kuɗin da ya bayar ba.<ref name="Manifesto">{{cite web |title=The Manifesto: Who We Are and What We Mean |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=11 December 2005 |archive-date=9 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409123223/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Membership">{{cite web |title=Membership of F.C. United of Manchester |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518230947/http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kwamitin gudanarwa ya ƙunshi mambobi har guda 11 waɗanda membobin kulob din ke zaɓe.<ref name="board-announced">{{cite web |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=6 July 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Babban jami'in zartarwa ne ke kula da ayyukan yau da kullum na kulob din; Andy Walsh, wanda yana daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa F.C. United, an naɗa shi a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2005.<ref name="nonleaguepaper" /> Ya sauka daga wannan matsayi a ƙarshen Yuni 2016.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |title=Key founder of FC United to stand down after 11 years |author=Paul Britton |date=23 March 2016 |work=Manchester Evening News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513221101/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |archive-date=13 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Damian Chadwick, wani daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kulob din, ya fara wannan matsayi a watan Nuwamba 2016. Chadwick ya sauka a shekarar 2018, kuma Paul Smith ya maye gurbinsa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |title=Welcome Damian Chadwick, FC United's new CEO |date=7 November 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111000632/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=11 November 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2023 an ɗauki Danny Davis aiki a matsayin Babban Manaja.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}} Manufar kulob din ta ƙunshi waɗannan muhimman ƙa'idoji:<ref name="Manifesto" /> # Membobin kulob din za su zaɓi Kwamitin gudanarwa ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya; # Za a yanke shawarar membobi bisa tsarin memba ɗaya, ƙuri'a ɗaya; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa alaƙa da al'ummar yankin kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa mai sauƙin shiga ga kowa, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga kowa ba; # Kulob din zai yi ƙoƙarin sanya farashin shiga ya kasance mai sauƙin biya gwargwadon iko, ga mutane masu yawa; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa matasa na yankin su shiga — wajen wasa da kuma mara wa kulob din baya — duk lokacin da zai yiwu; # Kwamitin gudanarwa zai yi ƙoƙari, a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya guji kasuwanci kai tsaye; # Kulob din zai kasance ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wadda ba ta neman riba. Kulob din yana karɓar tallafi daga masu ɗaukar nauyi amma ba ya barin a nuna tambarin masu ɗaukar nauyin a kan rigunan 'yan wasan.<ref name="Club sponsor"/> Babban mai ɗaukar nauyin kulob din a farkon kakar 2005–06 shi ne Bhopal Medical Appeal, yayin da a kakar 2006–07 kuma Williams BMW Group ne.<ref name="Bhopal">{{cite web |title=Bhopal Medical Appeal Collection |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=26 September 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120921/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Simon Donohue |title=F.C. United hires ad agency |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=5 December 2006 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120443/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Tsakanin 2011 da 2016, mxData, wani kamfanin Manchester da ke haɓaka manhajojin wayar hannu, ne ya ɗauki nauyin F.C. United.<ref name="Club sponsor"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |title=mxData signs new community sponsorship deal with FC United|date=3 August 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902093417/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |archive-date=2 September 2016 |url-status=live|access-date=2 September 2016}}</ref> A watan Oktoba 2014, F.C. United ya zama kulob din ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Birtaniya da Living Wage Foundation ta amince da shi a matsayin mai ɗaukar ma'aikata da ke biyan albashin rayuwa.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |title=FC United beat Premier League giants to first football club awarded Living Wage employer title |author=Luke Marino |date=17 October 2014 |work=Mancunian Matters |publisher=News Associates |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524143539/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |archive-date=24 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2016}}</ref> ==Suka== An soki F.C. United da waɗanda suka kafa shi, kuma magoya bayan Manchester United da kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bayyana ra'ayoyi daban-daban a kansu; wasu magoya baya suna kallon waɗanda suka zaɓi barin Manchester United domin bin F.C. United a matsayin "masu cin amana".<ref>{{cite news|title=Manchester United supporters still hold club's heart and soul dear not their bottom line |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html|date=19 February 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Jim |last=White |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120602/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=F.C. United: A punk football fairytale |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale|date=21 November 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Julian|last=Coman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164659/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kocin Manchester United Sir Alex Ferguson ya tambayi amincin magoya bayan da suka yanke shawarar kafa kulob din da kuma dalilin kafa F.C. United a cikin wani littafi na shekarar 2006:<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart|last=Brennan|title=Fergie lays into F.C. United |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382|date=5 September 2006|access-date=27 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415165104/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{blockquote|text=Na yi nadama game da hakan. Wannan ɓangaren yana da ɗan ban tausayi, amma ina mamakin yadda suke da girman goyon bayan United. A ganina, suna ƙoƙarin tallata ko nuna kansu ne maimakon su ce, "a ƙarshe dai kulob din ya yanke shawara, za mu tsaya tare da shi." Abin ya fi shafar su ne fiye da mu.|sign=Sir Alex Ferguson|source=''The Official Manchester United Diary of the Season'' (2006)}} Tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Eric Cantona ya nuna goyon bayansa ga kulob din, yana bayyana cewa suna da "babbar shawara" kuma yana fatan F.C. United zai "zama babban kulob kuma ya lashe Kofin Turai bayan shekaru 50".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|title=Eric Cantona: I didn't punch him strong enough. I should have punched him harder|last=Mitten|first=Andy|date=22 January 2015|work=FourFourTwo|publisher=Haymarket Media Group|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111527/http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|archive-date=25 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, yana da shekaru 43, ya ce zai kasance a shirye ya buga wa kulob din wasa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|title=Cantona: I would play for FC United|date=19 April 2010|work=Manchester Evening News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514115159/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Steve Coppell, wanda ya kasance winger na Manchester United tsakanin 1975 da 1983, ya shiga kulob din a matsayin abokin mallaka a watan Afrilu 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|title=Detroit City FC to welcome United legend Steve Coppell for FC United match|date=21 April 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514120500/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Mambobin F.C. United da kansu ma sun soki kulob din saboda barin wasu daga cikin ƙa'idojinsa, ciki har da amincewa da ɗaukar hoto tare da wani ministan gwamnati na Conservative Party a watan Oktoba 2015, duk da manufar kulob din na cewa kada a yi amfani da shi wajen tallata siyasa, kuma hakan ya faru kwana guda bayan wasu membobin kulob din sun shiga wata zanga-zanga kan rage kashe kuɗin gwamnati a Manchester.<ref name="disharmony-guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|title=FC United of Manchester: how the togetherness turned into disharmony|last=Taylor|first=Daniel|date=31 March 2016|work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505171530/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|archive-date=5 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="siege-mancmatters">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|title='Siege mentality': FC United supporters attack state of democracy at fan-owned club|last=Ford|first=Matt|date=20 April 2016|work=Mancunian Matters|publisher=News Associates|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421115110/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|archive-date=21 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> F.C. United ya kare ziyarar da cewa "wani muhimmin ɓangare" ne na samar da hanyoyin kuɗi ga masu sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa, yana mai cewa hakan zai taimaka wa wakilan gwamnati su fahimci fa'idodi da ƙalubalen zuba jari na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|title=Treasury minister visits Broadhurst Park to see benefits of social investment at FC United|date=7 October 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514111811/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|archive-date=14 May 2016|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Editan shirin kulob din ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa a watan Yuni 2015 saboda ƙarin farashin shirin na lokaci guda a wasan farko na Broadhurst Park da Benfica a watan da ya gabata; shawarar Kwamitin da aka bayyana cewa ta karya ƙa'idar kafa kulob din ta guje wa kasuwanci kai tsaye.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A lokacin kuma an soki F.C. United saboda gibin dimokuraɗiyya, bayyana gaskiya da ɗaukar alhaki tsakanin jami'an kulob din da membobinsa.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A shekarar 2016, zanga-zangar magoya baya ta sa wasu mambobin Kwamitin suka sauka daga mukamansu, sannan aka kira Taron Babban Taro na Gaggawa (EGM) domin zaɓen sabon Kwamitin. Zanga-zangar ta kai ga wasu magoya baya sun shiga filin wasa yayin wasan gida na ƙarshe na kakar 2015–16, suna neman sauran mambobin Kwamitin da ake ganin suna da alhakin rashin dimokuraɗiyya da bayyana gaskiya a kulob din su yi murabus.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters">{{cite web|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|title='An air of optimism': Board changes could signal return of happiness at FC United|work=Matt Ford|publisher=Mancunian Matters|date=9 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710142026/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|archive-date=10 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Mambobin Kwamitin guda uku sun yi murabus cikin mako guda bayan zanga-zangar da aka yi a filin wasa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|title=Club statement: Three FC United board members to resign|date=6 May 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727172937/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> tare da jami'in hulɗa da manema labarai da sadarwa na kulob din.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|title=Club press and communications officer to step down|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727173134/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni, an gudanar da EGM kuma aka zaɓi sabon Kwamitin da ya ƙunshi mambobi 11, lamarin da ya haifar da "yanayin ci gaba da kuma fata" tsakanin membobin kulob din.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters" /> ==Ƙididdiga da tarihin wasanni== [[File:RoryPatterson.jpg|thumb|[[Rory Patterson]] ya zura ƙwallaye 99 a dukkan gasa da ya buga wa F.C. United. Daga baya ya wakilci Northern Ireland.|alt=Rory Patterson cikin jan kayan wasan gida na F.C. United yana wasa a filin wasa, a gaban gine-ginen bulo.]] Jerome Wright ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan wasannin da aka buga wa F.C. United, inda ya buga wasanni 400 {{As of|2018|March|lc=y}}.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Tom Greaves ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura wa kulob ɗin, da ƙwallaye 102 a dukkan gasa, ciki har da 86 a gasar lig da 16 a wasannin kofuna {{As of|2018|January|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|title=All time players statistics|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-date=22 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122005546/http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|url-status=live}}</ref> Wasu 'yan wasa shida, [[Rory Patterson]], Mike Norton, [[Matthew Wolfenden (footballer)|Matthew Wolfenden]], Jerome Wright, Simon Carden da Stuart Rudd, su ma sun zura ƙwallaye sama da 50 wa kulob ɗin.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Rudd ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a kakar wasa guda, inda ya zura ƙwallaye 45 a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="fcunitedRU">{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|title=Records and trophies|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403225619/http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|archive-date=3 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=11 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi yawan maki da ƙungiyar ta samu a kakar wasa guda shi ne maki 112 a kakar 2006–07, yayin da mafi yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura a kakar wasa guda su ne 157, waɗanda aka zura a wasanni 42 a kakar 2006–07.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|title=F.C. United of Manchester|publisher=Football Club History Database|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074859/http://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|access-date=12 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi kyawun sakamakon kulob ɗin a gasar FA Cup shi ne kaiwa zagaye na biyu a kakar 2010–11. Bayan nasarar 3–2 a zagaye na farko a kan [[Rochdale A.F.C.|Rochdale]], F.C. United ta tashi 1–1 da [[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a waje, lamarin da ya tilasta a sake buga wasan a gida, inda suka sha kashi da ci 0–4.<ref name="brighton-loss" /> Daga baya ƙungiyar ta sake kaiwa zagayen farko na FA Cup sau biyu, inda ta sha kashi da ci 1–4 a kakar 2015–16 a hannun [[Chesterfield F.C.|Chesterfield]]<ref name="chesterfield-loss" /> da ci 1–5 a kakar 2020–21 a hannun [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]. A kakar 2006–07, F.C. United ta kai zagaye na uku na [[FA Vase]], bayan ta doke [[Padiham F.C.|Padiham]] da [[Salford City F.C.|Salford City]] a zagayen farko da na biyu, amma ta sha kashi da ci 2–3 a gida a hannun [[Quorn F.C.|Quorn]] bayan ƙarin lokaci.<ref name="quorn-loss" /> A kakar 2014–15, ta kai zagaye na huɗu na [[2014–15 FA Trophy|FA Trophy]], bayan ta doke [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]], [[Chorley F.C.|Chorley]] da [[AFC Fylde]] a zagayen farko uku, kafin ta sha kashi da ci 0–1 a waje a hannun [[Torquay United F.C.|Torquay United]].<ref name="torquay-loss">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|title=F.C. United of Manchester 1–0 Torquay United match report|last=Haley|first=Matthew|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|url-status=live|access-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417093921/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|archive-date=17 April 2016}}</ref> Babbar nasarar F.C. United a tarihin gasar lig ita ce ta 10–2 a kan [[Rochdale Town F.C.|Castleton Gabriels]] a ranar 10 Disamba 2005 a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]]; Simon Carden ya zura biyar daga cikin ƙwallayen, wanda shi ne tarihin kulob ɗin na yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a wasa guda.<ref name="fcunitedRU" /> F.C. United ta samu nasarar cin wasa da tazarar ƙwallaye takwas a wasu lokuta uku, a wasannin da ta ci [[Squires Gate F.C.|Squires Gate]], [[Glossop North End A.F.C.|Glossop North End]] da [[Nelson F.C.|Nelson]] da ci 8–0, duk a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Babbar rashin nasarar kulob ɗin a gasar lig ita ce ta 0–6 a waje a hannun [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]] a ranar 10 Maris 2018 a National League North.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Mafi yawan masu kallo da suka halarci wasan F.C. United a gida su ne 6,731 a wasan da suka buga da Brighton a zagaye na biyu na FA Cup na kakar 2010–11 a ranar 8 Disamba 2010, da kuma 6,023 a wasan da suka buga da [[Great Harwood Town F.C.|Great Harwood Town]] a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a ranar 22 Afrilu 2006, dukkan wasannin a [[Gigg Lane]].<ref name="F.C. United records" /> =='Yan wasa== {{Category see also|LABEL=For a category of notable former players, see|Category:F.C. United of Manchester players}} ===Tawagar farko=== [[File:FC United September 2011.jpg|thumb|'Yan wasan F.C. United a shekarar 2011 suna gode wa magoya baya saboda goyon bayansu|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United takwas a gefen yankin bugun fanareti bayan wasa. 'Yan wasa shida daga cikinsu suna tafa wa magoya baya.]] {{updated|18 August 2026}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad – Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=18 August 2026|website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=Dan Atherton}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Devine}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Declan Evans}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Charlie Hayes-Green}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=CZE|pos=DF|name=Jan Palinkas}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=[[Nathan Snowball]]|other=on loan from [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Thomson}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Michael Donohue]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Paul Ennis|Charlie Ennis]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|captain]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Fearnley}} {{fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Ruben Grewal}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Grivosti}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Arran Pettifer]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Hamed Sidibe}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Adam Sudworth}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Andre Wisdom]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=Jordan Buckley}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ZAM|pos=FW|name=Donald Chimalilo}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Adam Le Fondre]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Gerald Sithole]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Niall Watson]]|other=on loan from [[Hednesford Town F.C.|Hednesford Town]]}} {{Fs end}} ====A aro==== {{Fs start}} {{Fs end}} ===Wakilcin ƙasashe=== F.C. United ta taimaka wajen samar da 'yan wasa da dama da suka shiga harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa; babban mai zura ƙwallayen kulob ɗin a tarihi, [[Rory Patterson]], daga baya ya buga wasa kuma ya zura ƙwallaye wa [[Northern Ireland national football team|Northern Ireland a babban matakin ƙasa da ƙasa]], yayin da ɗan wasan gaba [[Matthew Walwyn]] ya fara buga wa [[Saint Kitts and Nevis national football team|Saint Kitts and Nevis]] wasa a wasan sada zumunci da [[Andorra national football team|Andorra]] a Nuwamba 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |title=Coleraine's Rory Patterson is in Northern Ireland squad |publisher=BBC News |date=22 February 2010 |access-date=17 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208040131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |archive-date=8 February 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season=2016/matches/round=2000582/match=2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html |title=Friendlies 2014–16 – Andorra–St. Kitts |date=12 November 2015 |publisher=UEFA |access-date=11 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511233502/http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season%3D2016/matches/round%3D2000582/match%3D2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html|archive-date=11 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ƙungiyar matasa ta F.C. United ta samu wakilci a tawagar 'yan makarantar England ta hannun Scott Cheetham a shekarar 2011<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |title=F.C. United youngster shocked by England call-up |work=Manchester Evening News |date=20 January 2011 |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417130812/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> sannan a shekarar 2013, kulob ɗin ya ɗauki ɗan wasan baya na [[Pakistan national men's football team|tawagar ƙasar Pakistan]] [[Amjad Iqbal]] daga [[Bradford Park Avenue F.C.|Bradford Park Avenue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |title=FC United ready for trip to Witton for Trophy tie |date=18 October 2013 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018132129/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |archive-date=18 October 2013 |url-status=live |access-date=2 June 2016}}</ref> Sauran 'yan wasan F.C. United da suka buga wa ƙasashensu wasa sun haɗa da [[Stephen O'Halloran]] (Jamhuriyar Ireland), [[Ludovic Quistin]] (Guadeloupe), [[Jason St Juste]] da [[Jacob Hazel]] (dukansu Saint Kitts and Nevis). ==Ma'aikatan horarwa== [[File:Karl Marginson.jpg|upright|thumb|[[Karl Marginson]] ya kasance manajan F.C. United na tsawon shekaru 12, daga kafuwar kulob ɗin zuwa shekarar 2017.|alt=Karl Marginson, manajan da ya fi kowa dadewa a matsayin manajan F.C. United, yana tsaye a gefen filin ƙwallon ƙafa yana kallon wasa.]] Bayan kafuwar F.C. United, kulob ɗin ya naɗa [[Karl Marginson]] a matsayin manajansa. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa karin matsayi sau huɗu, lashe kofunan lig uku, kofunan lig biyu da kofin gunduma guda. Ya bar kulob ɗin bisa yarjejeniyar juna a watan Oktoba 2017 bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2017–18. An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves, wanda ya karɓi matsayin [[Player-coach|manajan ɗan wasa]] na wucin gadi, kafin a mayar da naɗin nasa na dindindin a ranar 21 Nuwamba 2017.<ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|title=Karl Marginson: FC United of Manchester part company with first boss after 12 years |publisher=BBC |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205657/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="greaves-manager">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greaves ya yi murabus a watan Agusta 2018, kuma aka maye gurbinsa da Dave Chadwick a matsayin manajan riƙo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> Daga nan aka naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin manaja a ranar 18 Oktoba 2018,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> matsayin da ya riƙe har zuwa ranar 11 Satumba 2024,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Club Statement: Neil Reynolds Departs as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/club-statement-neil-reynolds-departs-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> lokacin da aka sauke shi daga mukaminsa bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2024–25. An maye gurbinsa da tsohon manajan [[Warrington Town F.C.|Warrington Town]], [[Mark Beesley]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Turner |first=Matt |date=2026-04-28 |title=A play-off meeting that was written in the stars for Rylands boss? |url=https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/sport/26056456.warrington-rylands-boss-face-old-club-play-off-clash/ |access-date=2026-08-12 |website=[[Warrington Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref> ===Jerin manajoji=== ''Bayanin ya yi daidai da wasan da aka buga a ranar 12 Maris 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FC Utd Managers List|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=4658&teamTabs=managers|access-date=2 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> Ana ƙirga wasannin gasa kawai.'' ;Ma'ana * Ana kawo sunayen [[caretaker manager|manajoji na riƙo]] inda aka san su, kuma ana rubuta sunayen manajoji na riƙo da ''italics'' tare da alamar tauraro (*). * Ana kawo sunayen [[Player-coach|manajoji 'yan wasa]] inda aka san su, kuma ana sanya musu alamar takobi biyu ({{double-dagger}}). {|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- |+Jerin manajojin F.C. United of Manchester |- !scope="col"|Suna !scope="col"|Ƙasa !scope="col"|Daga !scope="col"|Zuwa !scope="col"|Wasanni !scope="col"|Nasara !scope="col"|Canjaras{{#tag:ref|Ana ƙirga wasannin da aka yanke ta hanyar [[Penalty shoot-out (association football)|bugun fanareti]] a matsayin canjaras.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Rashin nasara !scope="col"|Kashi%{{#tag:ref|Ana [[Rounding|zagaye]] Kashi% zuwa wurare [[Decimal|biyu]] na goma.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Girmamawa !scope="col" class="unsortable"|{{Abbr|Refs.|Manazarta}} |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Karl|Marginson}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2005|6|22}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} {{WDL|450|215|96|139}} |[[Northern Premier League Premier Division]]:<br>Zakara: [[2014–15 Northern Premier League#Premier Division|2014–15]]<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2010–11 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2010–11]], [[2011–12 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2012–13]]<br>[[Northern Premier League Division One North]]:<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Division One North|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Playoffs 2|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Northern Premier League President's Cup]]: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Cup Contests|2007–08]]<br>Zakaran [[North West Counties Football League|North West Counties League]] Division One: [[2006–07 North West Counties Football League#Division One|2006–07]]<br>Masu nasara a [[North West Counties Football League#League Cup winners|North West Counties League Challenge Cup]]: 2006–07<br>Zakaran North West Counties League Division Two: [[2005–06 North West Counties Football League#Division Two|2005–06]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2016–17<br>Masu nasara a Supporters Direct Cup: 2006 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karl Marginson|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=3049|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}}''* {{double-dagger}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} {{WDL||||}} | |<ref name="Tom Greaves">{{Cite web|title=Tom Greaves|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4628|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} {{WDL|35|12|6|17}} |Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2017–18 |<ref name="Tom Greaves"/> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|David|Chadwick|David Chadwick (football manager)}}''* |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} {{WDL|6|0|3|3}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|title=David Chadwick|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4940|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Neil|Reynolds|Neil Reynolds (football manager)}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2024|9|11}} {{WDL|114|45|26|43}} |Masu nasara a Brian Lomax Trophy: 2021 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Neil Reynolds|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4962|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- ![[Mark Beesley]] |{{ENG}} |22 Satumba 2024 |Yanzu | | | | | | | |} ===Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu=== {|class="wikitable" |- !Suna !Matsayi |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Mark Beesley]] |Manaja |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[David Raven (footballer)|David Raven]] |Mataimakin manaja |- |{{flagicon|CAN}} Callum Greenwood |Mai horar da masu tsaron gida |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Olivia Smith |Babbar ma'aikaciyar jinya ta ƙungiyar |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Joseph Winskill |Mai kula da kayan wasa |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Elsie Baxter |Mai horar da tawagar mata |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Mark Thomas |Mataimakin babban koci |- |colspan="2"|Madogara:<ref name="F.C. United Squad">{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|title=First Team Squad|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=19 August 2021|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204015106/http://fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2|title=Reserve Squad|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=13 November 2015|access-date=13 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311042137/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2 |archive-date=11 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad - Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester appoints Mark Beesley as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-of-manchester-appoints-mark-beesley-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> |} sj8mavvqk5ph32qogo5hh9493tucv53 961751 961749 2026-10-02T06:56:23Z Sirjat 20447 /* Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu */ 961751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. ==Magoya baya== Kusan mambobi 2,000 ne suka mallaki F.C. United<ref>{{Cite web |title=Membership {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/membership |access-date=2025-08-28 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref>, kuma kulob din shi ne na uku mafi girma a Birtaniya wajen yawan mambobi a cikin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da magoya bayansu suka mallaka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.co.uk/news/hearts-become-uks-largest-fan-24873358 |title=Hearts become UK's largest fan-owned club |date=31 August 2021 }}</ref><ref name="nonleaguepaper">{{cite news |url=http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |title=FC United of Manchester general manager Andy Walsh to step down |author=Steven Coney |date=23 March 2016 |work=The Non-League Paper |publisher=Greenways Publishing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508041739/http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |archive-date=8 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Kowane memba yana iya kada ƙuri'a kan yadda ake gudanar da kulob din, ciki har da zaɓen mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa, ƙirar rigunan wasa, da farashin tikitin kakar wasa.<ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An san magoya bayan F.C. United da yawan waƙoƙin da suke rerawa yayin wasanni, kuma kafafen yaɗa labarai sun yaba da yanayin da magoya bayan ke samarwa.<ref>{{cite news |author=Tony Howard |title=We all know that Torpey wears a thong |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |work=The Guardian |date=26 October 2005 |access-date=26 October 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164249/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |title=F.C. United's impossible dream goes on |author=Julian Coman |work=The Guardian |date=7 November 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164353/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Tim Rich |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |title=Bennett ends F.C. United's dream but supporters remain on song |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |date=9 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164536/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Rory Smith |title=F.C. United of Manchester 0 Brighton and Hove Albion 4: match report |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=8 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164702/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> A kakar wasansu na farko ([[2005–06 in English football|2005–06]]), F.C. United ya kasance kulob din da ke da matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na biyu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila da ba na manyan lig-lig ba, inda matsakaicin masu kallo ya kasance 3,059, kuma shi ne kulob na 87 mafi yawan magoya baya a dukkan rukunan gasar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2005–06 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306021603/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Yawan masu kallo ya ragu a cikin kakar wasanni biyu na gaba, inda suka kasance kulob na 92 mafi yawan masu kallo a 2006–07, da na 100 a 2007–08.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2006–07 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=14 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232134/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2007–08 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040905/http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Daga nan matsakaicin yawan masu kallon wasannin lig ya daidaita zuwa kusan 2,000 a kowane wasa,<ref>{{cite web |title=Northern Premier League Premier Division Attendances 2009–10 and 2010–11 |author=Mike Avery |website=mikeavery.co.uk |url=http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |year=2011 |access-date=5 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320060226/http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |archive-date=20 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> kafin ya tashi zuwa matsakaicin 2,155 a 2014–15, wanda a lokacin shi ne matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na bakwai mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=26 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426142738/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> Bayan komawa Broadhurst Park a watan Mayu 2015, kulob din ya samu matsakaicin masu kallo 3,394 a 2015–16, wanda ya ƙaru da sama da kashi 57% idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata, kuma ya kasance matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na huɗu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=14 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501132430/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=1 May 2016}}</ref> ==Tsari== F.C. United yana aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar al'umma mai amfani ga jama'a.<ref name="fc-waw"/> Ana samun zama memba ta hanyar biyan kuɗin shekara na £25 ga kulob din (£5 ga yara), amma kowane memba yana samun kaso ɗaya ne kawai a kulob din kuma yana da damar kada ƙuri'a ɗaya a tarurruka, ba tare da la'akari da adadin kuɗin da ya bayar ba.<ref name="Manifesto">{{cite web |title=The Manifesto: Who We Are and What We Mean |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=11 December 2005 |archive-date=9 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409123223/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Membership">{{cite web |title=Membership of F.C. United of Manchester |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518230947/http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kwamitin gudanarwa ya ƙunshi mambobi har guda 11 waɗanda membobin kulob din ke zaɓe.<ref name="board-announced">{{cite web |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=6 July 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Babban jami'in zartarwa ne ke kula da ayyukan yau da kullum na kulob din; Andy Walsh, wanda yana daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa F.C. United, an naɗa shi a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2005.<ref name="nonleaguepaper" /> Ya sauka daga wannan matsayi a ƙarshen Yuni 2016.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |title=Key founder of FC United to stand down after 11 years |author=Paul Britton |date=23 March 2016 |work=Manchester Evening News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513221101/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |archive-date=13 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Damian Chadwick, wani daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kulob din, ya fara wannan matsayi a watan Nuwamba 2016. Chadwick ya sauka a shekarar 2018, kuma Paul Smith ya maye gurbinsa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |title=Welcome Damian Chadwick, FC United's new CEO |date=7 November 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111000632/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=11 November 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2023 an ɗauki Danny Davis aiki a matsayin Babban Manaja.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}} Manufar kulob din ta ƙunshi waɗannan muhimman ƙa'idoji:<ref name="Manifesto" /> # Membobin kulob din za su zaɓi Kwamitin gudanarwa ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya; # Za a yanke shawarar membobi bisa tsarin memba ɗaya, ƙuri'a ɗaya; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa alaƙa da al'ummar yankin kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa mai sauƙin shiga ga kowa, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga kowa ba; # Kulob din zai yi ƙoƙarin sanya farashin shiga ya kasance mai sauƙin biya gwargwadon iko, ga mutane masu yawa; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa matasa na yankin su shiga — wajen wasa da kuma mara wa kulob din baya — duk lokacin da zai yiwu; # Kwamitin gudanarwa zai yi ƙoƙari, a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya guji kasuwanci kai tsaye; # Kulob din zai kasance ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wadda ba ta neman riba. Kulob din yana karɓar tallafi daga masu ɗaukar nauyi amma ba ya barin a nuna tambarin masu ɗaukar nauyin a kan rigunan 'yan wasan.<ref name="Club sponsor"/> Babban mai ɗaukar nauyin kulob din a farkon kakar 2005–06 shi ne Bhopal Medical Appeal, yayin da a kakar 2006–07 kuma Williams BMW Group ne.<ref name="Bhopal">{{cite web |title=Bhopal Medical Appeal Collection |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=26 September 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120921/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Simon Donohue |title=F.C. United hires ad agency |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=5 December 2006 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120443/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Tsakanin 2011 da 2016, mxData, wani kamfanin Manchester da ke haɓaka manhajojin wayar hannu, ne ya ɗauki nauyin F.C. United.<ref name="Club sponsor"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |title=mxData signs new community sponsorship deal with FC United|date=3 August 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902093417/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |archive-date=2 September 2016 |url-status=live|access-date=2 September 2016}}</ref> A watan Oktoba 2014, F.C. United ya zama kulob din ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Birtaniya da Living Wage Foundation ta amince da shi a matsayin mai ɗaukar ma'aikata da ke biyan albashin rayuwa.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |title=FC United beat Premier League giants to first football club awarded Living Wage employer title |author=Luke Marino |date=17 October 2014 |work=Mancunian Matters |publisher=News Associates |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524143539/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |archive-date=24 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2016}}</ref> ==Suka== An soki F.C. United da waɗanda suka kafa shi, kuma magoya bayan Manchester United da kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bayyana ra'ayoyi daban-daban a kansu; wasu magoya baya suna kallon waɗanda suka zaɓi barin Manchester United domin bin F.C. United a matsayin "masu cin amana".<ref>{{cite news|title=Manchester United supporters still hold club's heart and soul dear not their bottom line |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html|date=19 February 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Jim |last=White |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120602/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=F.C. United: A punk football fairytale |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale|date=21 November 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Julian|last=Coman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164659/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kocin Manchester United Sir Alex Ferguson ya tambayi amincin magoya bayan da suka yanke shawarar kafa kulob din da kuma dalilin kafa F.C. United a cikin wani littafi na shekarar 2006:<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart|last=Brennan|title=Fergie lays into F.C. United |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382|date=5 September 2006|access-date=27 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415165104/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{blockquote|text=Na yi nadama game da hakan. Wannan ɓangaren yana da ɗan ban tausayi, amma ina mamakin yadda suke da girman goyon bayan United. A ganina, suna ƙoƙarin tallata ko nuna kansu ne maimakon su ce, "a ƙarshe dai kulob din ya yanke shawara, za mu tsaya tare da shi." Abin ya fi shafar su ne fiye da mu.|sign=Sir Alex Ferguson|source=''The Official Manchester United Diary of the Season'' (2006)}} Tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Eric Cantona ya nuna goyon bayansa ga kulob din, yana bayyana cewa suna da "babbar shawara" kuma yana fatan F.C. United zai "zama babban kulob kuma ya lashe Kofin Turai bayan shekaru 50".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|title=Eric Cantona: I didn't punch him strong enough. I should have punched him harder|last=Mitten|first=Andy|date=22 January 2015|work=FourFourTwo|publisher=Haymarket Media Group|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111527/http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|archive-date=25 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, yana da shekaru 43, ya ce zai kasance a shirye ya buga wa kulob din wasa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|title=Cantona: I would play for FC United|date=19 April 2010|work=Manchester Evening News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514115159/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Steve Coppell, wanda ya kasance winger na Manchester United tsakanin 1975 da 1983, ya shiga kulob din a matsayin abokin mallaka a watan Afrilu 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|title=Detroit City FC to welcome United legend Steve Coppell for FC United match|date=21 April 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514120500/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Mambobin F.C. United da kansu ma sun soki kulob din saboda barin wasu daga cikin ƙa'idojinsa, ciki har da amincewa da ɗaukar hoto tare da wani ministan gwamnati na Conservative Party a watan Oktoba 2015, duk da manufar kulob din na cewa kada a yi amfani da shi wajen tallata siyasa, kuma hakan ya faru kwana guda bayan wasu membobin kulob din sun shiga wata zanga-zanga kan rage kashe kuɗin gwamnati a Manchester.<ref name="disharmony-guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|title=FC United of Manchester: how the togetherness turned into disharmony|last=Taylor|first=Daniel|date=31 March 2016|work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505171530/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|archive-date=5 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="siege-mancmatters">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|title='Siege mentality': FC United supporters attack state of democracy at fan-owned club|last=Ford|first=Matt|date=20 April 2016|work=Mancunian Matters|publisher=News Associates|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421115110/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|archive-date=21 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> F.C. United ya kare ziyarar da cewa "wani muhimmin ɓangare" ne na samar da hanyoyin kuɗi ga masu sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa, yana mai cewa hakan zai taimaka wa wakilan gwamnati su fahimci fa'idodi da ƙalubalen zuba jari na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|title=Treasury minister visits Broadhurst Park to see benefits of social investment at FC United|date=7 October 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514111811/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|archive-date=14 May 2016|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Editan shirin kulob din ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa a watan Yuni 2015 saboda ƙarin farashin shirin na lokaci guda a wasan farko na Broadhurst Park da Benfica a watan da ya gabata; shawarar Kwamitin da aka bayyana cewa ta karya ƙa'idar kafa kulob din ta guje wa kasuwanci kai tsaye.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A lokacin kuma an soki F.C. United saboda gibin dimokuraɗiyya, bayyana gaskiya da ɗaukar alhaki tsakanin jami'an kulob din da membobinsa.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A shekarar 2016, zanga-zangar magoya baya ta sa wasu mambobin Kwamitin suka sauka daga mukamansu, sannan aka kira Taron Babban Taro na Gaggawa (EGM) domin zaɓen sabon Kwamitin. Zanga-zangar ta kai ga wasu magoya baya sun shiga filin wasa yayin wasan gida na ƙarshe na kakar 2015–16, suna neman sauran mambobin Kwamitin da ake ganin suna da alhakin rashin dimokuraɗiyya da bayyana gaskiya a kulob din su yi murabus.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters">{{cite web|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|title='An air of optimism': Board changes could signal return of happiness at FC United|work=Matt Ford|publisher=Mancunian Matters|date=9 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710142026/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|archive-date=10 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Mambobin Kwamitin guda uku sun yi murabus cikin mako guda bayan zanga-zangar da aka yi a filin wasa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|title=Club statement: Three FC United board members to resign|date=6 May 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727172937/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> tare da jami'in hulɗa da manema labarai da sadarwa na kulob din.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|title=Club press and communications officer to step down|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727173134/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni, an gudanar da EGM kuma aka zaɓi sabon Kwamitin da ya ƙunshi mambobi 11, lamarin da ya haifar da "yanayin ci gaba da kuma fata" tsakanin membobin kulob din.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters" /> ==Ƙididdiga da tarihin wasanni== [[File:RoryPatterson.jpg|thumb|[[Rory Patterson]] ya zura ƙwallaye 99 a dukkan gasa da ya buga wa F.C. United. Daga baya ya wakilci Northern Ireland.|alt=Rory Patterson cikin jan kayan wasan gida na F.C. United yana wasa a filin wasa, a gaban gine-ginen bulo.]] Jerome Wright ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan wasannin da aka buga wa F.C. United, inda ya buga wasanni 400 {{As of|2018|March|lc=y}}.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Tom Greaves ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura wa kulob ɗin, da ƙwallaye 102 a dukkan gasa, ciki har da 86 a gasar lig da 16 a wasannin kofuna {{As of|2018|January|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|title=All time players statistics|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-date=22 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122005546/http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|url-status=live}}</ref> Wasu 'yan wasa shida, [[Rory Patterson]], Mike Norton, [[Matthew Wolfenden (footballer)|Matthew Wolfenden]], Jerome Wright, Simon Carden da Stuart Rudd, su ma sun zura ƙwallaye sama da 50 wa kulob ɗin.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Rudd ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a kakar wasa guda, inda ya zura ƙwallaye 45 a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="fcunitedRU">{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|title=Records and trophies|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403225619/http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|archive-date=3 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=11 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi yawan maki da ƙungiyar ta samu a kakar wasa guda shi ne maki 112 a kakar 2006–07, yayin da mafi yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura a kakar wasa guda su ne 157, waɗanda aka zura a wasanni 42 a kakar 2006–07.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|title=F.C. United of Manchester|publisher=Football Club History Database|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074859/http://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|access-date=12 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi kyawun sakamakon kulob ɗin a gasar FA Cup shi ne kaiwa zagaye na biyu a kakar 2010–11. Bayan nasarar 3–2 a zagaye na farko a kan [[Rochdale A.F.C.|Rochdale]], F.C. United ta tashi 1–1 da [[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a waje, lamarin da ya tilasta a sake buga wasan a gida, inda suka sha kashi da ci 0–4.<ref name="brighton-loss" /> Daga baya ƙungiyar ta sake kaiwa zagayen farko na FA Cup sau biyu, inda ta sha kashi da ci 1–4 a kakar 2015–16 a hannun [[Chesterfield F.C.|Chesterfield]]<ref name="chesterfield-loss" /> da ci 1–5 a kakar 2020–21 a hannun [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]. A kakar 2006–07, F.C. United ta kai zagaye na uku na [[FA Vase]], bayan ta doke [[Padiham F.C.|Padiham]] da [[Salford City F.C.|Salford City]] a zagayen farko da na biyu, amma ta sha kashi da ci 2–3 a gida a hannun [[Quorn F.C.|Quorn]] bayan ƙarin lokaci.<ref name="quorn-loss" /> A kakar 2014–15, ta kai zagaye na huɗu na [[2014–15 FA Trophy|FA Trophy]], bayan ta doke [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]], [[Chorley F.C.|Chorley]] da [[AFC Fylde]] a zagayen farko uku, kafin ta sha kashi da ci 0–1 a waje a hannun [[Torquay United F.C.|Torquay United]].<ref name="torquay-loss">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|title=F.C. United of Manchester 1–0 Torquay United match report|last=Haley|first=Matthew|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|url-status=live|access-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417093921/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|archive-date=17 April 2016}}</ref> Babbar nasarar F.C. United a tarihin gasar lig ita ce ta 10–2 a kan [[Rochdale Town F.C.|Castleton Gabriels]] a ranar 10 Disamba 2005 a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]]; Simon Carden ya zura biyar daga cikin ƙwallayen, wanda shi ne tarihin kulob ɗin na yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a wasa guda.<ref name="fcunitedRU" /> F.C. United ta samu nasarar cin wasa da tazarar ƙwallaye takwas a wasu lokuta uku, a wasannin da ta ci [[Squires Gate F.C.|Squires Gate]], [[Glossop North End A.F.C.|Glossop North End]] da [[Nelson F.C.|Nelson]] da ci 8–0, duk a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Babbar rashin nasarar kulob ɗin a gasar lig ita ce ta 0–6 a waje a hannun [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]] a ranar 10 Maris 2018 a National League North.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Mafi yawan masu kallo da suka halarci wasan F.C. United a gida su ne 6,731 a wasan da suka buga da Brighton a zagaye na biyu na FA Cup na kakar 2010–11 a ranar 8 Disamba 2010, da kuma 6,023 a wasan da suka buga da [[Great Harwood Town F.C.|Great Harwood Town]] a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a ranar 22 Afrilu 2006, dukkan wasannin a [[Gigg Lane]].<ref name="F.C. United records" /> =='Yan wasa== {{Category see also|LABEL=For a category of notable former players, see|Category:F.C. United of Manchester players}} ===Tawagar farko=== [[File:FC United September 2011.jpg|thumb|'Yan wasan F.C. United a shekarar 2011 suna gode wa magoya baya saboda goyon bayansu|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United takwas a gefen yankin bugun fanareti bayan wasa. 'Yan wasa shida daga cikinsu suna tafa wa magoya baya.]] {{updated|18 August 2026}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad – Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=18 August 2026|website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=Dan Atherton}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Devine}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Declan Evans}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Charlie Hayes-Green}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=CZE|pos=DF|name=Jan Palinkas}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=[[Nathan Snowball]]|other=on loan from [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Thomson}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Michael Donohue]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Paul Ennis|Charlie Ennis]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|captain]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Fearnley}} {{fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Ruben Grewal}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Grivosti}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Arran Pettifer]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Hamed Sidibe}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Adam Sudworth}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Andre Wisdom]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=Jordan Buckley}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ZAM|pos=FW|name=Donald Chimalilo}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Adam Le Fondre]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Gerald Sithole]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Niall Watson]]|other=on loan from [[Hednesford Town F.C.|Hednesford Town]]}} {{Fs end}} ====A aro==== {{Fs start}} {{Fs end}} ===Wakilcin ƙasashe=== F.C. United ta taimaka wajen samar da 'yan wasa da dama da suka shiga harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa; babban mai zura ƙwallayen kulob ɗin a tarihi, [[Rory Patterson]], daga baya ya buga wasa kuma ya zura ƙwallaye wa [[Northern Ireland national football team|Northern Ireland a babban matakin ƙasa da ƙasa]], yayin da ɗan wasan gaba [[Matthew Walwyn]] ya fara buga wa [[Saint Kitts and Nevis national football team|Saint Kitts and Nevis]] wasa a wasan sada zumunci da [[Andorra national football team|Andorra]] a Nuwamba 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |title=Coleraine's Rory Patterson is in Northern Ireland squad |publisher=BBC News |date=22 February 2010 |access-date=17 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208040131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |archive-date=8 February 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season=2016/matches/round=2000582/match=2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html |title=Friendlies 2014–16 – Andorra–St. Kitts |date=12 November 2015 |publisher=UEFA |access-date=11 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511233502/http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season%3D2016/matches/round%3D2000582/match%3D2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html|archive-date=11 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ƙungiyar matasa ta F.C. United ta samu wakilci a tawagar 'yan makarantar England ta hannun Scott Cheetham a shekarar 2011<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |title=F.C. United youngster shocked by England call-up |work=Manchester Evening News |date=20 January 2011 |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417130812/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> sannan a shekarar 2013, kulob ɗin ya ɗauki ɗan wasan baya na [[Pakistan national men's football team|tawagar ƙasar Pakistan]] [[Amjad Iqbal]] daga [[Bradford Park Avenue F.C.|Bradford Park Avenue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |title=FC United ready for trip to Witton for Trophy tie |date=18 October 2013 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018132129/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |archive-date=18 October 2013 |url-status=live |access-date=2 June 2016}}</ref> Sauran 'yan wasan F.C. United da suka buga wa ƙasashensu wasa sun haɗa da [[Stephen O'Halloran]] (Jamhuriyar Ireland), [[Ludovic Quistin]] (Guadeloupe), [[Jason St Juste]] da [[Jacob Hazel]] (dukansu Saint Kitts and Nevis). ==Ma'aikatan horarwa== [[File:Karl Marginson.jpg|upright|thumb|[[Karl Marginson]] ya kasance manajan F.C. United na tsawon shekaru 12, daga kafuwar kulob ɗin zuwa shekarar 2017.|alt=Karl Marginson, manajan da ya fi kowa dadewa a matsayin manajan F.C. United, yana tsaye a gefen filin ƙwallon ƙafa yana kallon wasa.]] Bayan kafuwar F.C. United, kulob ɗin ya naɗa [[Karl Marginson]] a matsayin manajansa. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa karin matsayi sau huɗu, lashe kofunan lig uku, kofunan lig biyu da kofin gunduma guda. Ya bar kulob ɗin bisa yarjejeniyar juna a watan Oktoba 2017 bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2017–18. An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves, wanda ya karɓi matsayin [[Player-coach|manajan ɗan wasa]] na wucin gadi, kafin a mayar da naɗin nasa na dindindin a ranar 21 Nuwamba 2017.<ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|title=Karl Marginson: FC United of Manchester part company with first boss after 12 years |publisher=BBC |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205657/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="greaves-manager">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greaves ya yi murabus a watan Agusta 2018, kuma aka maye gurbinsa da Dave Chadwick a matsayin manajan riƙo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> Daga nan aka naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin manaja a ranar 18 Oktoba 2018,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> matsayin da ya riƙe har zuwa ranar 11 Satumba 2024,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Club Statement: Neil Reynolds Departs as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/club-statement-neil-reynolds-departs-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> lokacin da aka sauke shi daga mukaminsa bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2024–25. An maye gurbinsa da tsohon manajan [[Warrington Town F.C.|Warrington Town]], [[Mark Beesley]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Turner |first=Matt |date=2026-04-28 |title=A play-off meeting that was written in the stars for Rylands boss? |url=https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/sport/26056456.warrington-rylands-boss-face-old-club-play-off-clash/ |access-date=2026-08-12 |website=[[Warrington Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref> ===Jerin manajoji=== ''Bayanin ya yi daidai da wasan da aka buga a ranar 12 Maris 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FC Utd Managers List|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=4658&teamTabs=managers|access-date=2 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> Ana ƙirga wasannin gasa kawai.'' ;Ma'ana * Ana kawo sunayen [[caretaker manager|manajoji na riƙo]] inda aka san su, kuma ana rubuta sunayen manajoji na riƙo da ''italics'' tare da alamar tauraro (*). * Ana kawo sunayen [[Player-coach|manajoji 'yan wasa]] inda aka san su, kuma ana sanya musu alamar takobi biyu ({{double-dagger}}). {|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- |+Jerin manajojin F.C. United of Manchester |- !scope="col"|Suna !scope="col"|Ƙasa !scope="col"|Daga !scope="col"|Zuwa !scope="col"|Wasanni !scope="col"|Nasara !scope="col"|Canjaras{{#tag:ref|Ana ƙirga wasannin da aka yanke ta hanyar [[Penalty shoot-out (association football)|bugun fanareti]] a matsayin canjaras.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Rashin nasara !scope="col"|Kashi%{{#tag:ref|Ana [[Rounding|zagaye]] Kashi% zuwa wurare [[Decimal|biyu]] na goma.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Girmamawa !scope="col" class="unsortable"|{{Abbr|Refs.|Manazarta}} |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Karl|Marginson}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2005|6|22}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} {{WDL|450|215|96|139}} |[[Northern Premier League Premier Division]]:<br>Zakara: [[2014–15 Northern Premier League#Premier Division|2014–15]]<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2010–11 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2010–11]], [[2011–12 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2012–13]]<br>[[Northern Premier League Division One North]]:<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Division One North|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Playoffs 2|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Northern Premier League President's Cup]]: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Cup Contests|2007–08]]<br>Zakaran [[North West Counties Football League|North West Counties League]] Division One: [[2006–07 North West Counties Football League#Division One|2006–07]]<br>Masu nasara a [[North West Counties Football League#League Cup winners|North West Counties League Challenge Cup]]: 2006–07<br>Zakaran North West Counties League Division Two: [[2005–06 North West Counties Football League#Division Two|2005–06]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2016–17<br>Masu nasara a Supporters Direct Cup: 2006 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karl Marginson|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=3049|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}}''* {{double-dagger}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} {{WDL||||}} | |<ref name="Tom Greaves">{{Cite web|title=Tom Greaves|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4628|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} {{WDL|35|12|6|17}} |Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2017–18 |<ref name="Tom Greaves"/> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|David|Chadwick|David Chadwick (football manager)}}''* |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} {{WDL|6|0|3|3}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|title=David Chadwick|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4940|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Neil|Reynolds|Neil Reynolds (football manager)}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2024|9|11}} {{WDL|114|45|26|43}} |Masu nasara a Brian Lomax Trophy: 2021 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Neil Reynolds|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4962|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- ![[Mark Beesley]] |{{ENG}} |22 Satumba 2024 |Yanzu | | | | | | | |} ===Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu=== {|class="wikitable" |- !Suna !Matsayi |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Mark Beesley]] |Manaja |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[David Raven (footballer)|David Raven]] |Mataimakin manaja |- |{{flagicon|CAN}} Callum Greenwood |Mai horar da masu tsaron gida |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Olivia Smith |Babbar ma'aikaciyar jinya ta ƙungiyar |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Joseph Winskill |Mai kula da kayan wasa |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Elsie Baxter |Mai horar da tawagar mata |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Mark Thomas |Mataimakin babban koci |- |colspan="2"|Madogara:<ref name="F.C. United Squad">{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|title=First Team Squad|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=19 August 2021|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204015106/http://fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2|title=Reserve Squad|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=13 November 2015|access-date=13 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311042137/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2 |archive-date=11 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad - Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester appoints Mark Beesley as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-of-manchester-appoints-mark-beesley-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> |} ==Karramawa== F.C. United ta lashe kofunan lig uku, kofunan lig biyu da kofunan gunduma biyu a tarihinta.<ref name="F.C. honours">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/honours.php |title=F.C. United honours |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408231141/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_honours.php |archive-date=8 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:FC United NWCFL2 trophy.jpg|thumb|An nada F.C. United a matsayin zakara a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a kakar wasanta ta farko (2005–06).|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United sun taru a kusa da kofin North West Counties League Division Two yayin da magoya baya ke daukar hotuna.]] * '''[[Northern Premier League Premier Division]]''' ** Zakara [[2014–15 Northern Premier League#Premier Division|2014–15]] ** Wadanda suka zo na biyu a wasannin neman matsayi [[2010–11 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2010–11]], [[2011–12 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2012–13]] * '''[[Northern Premier League Division One North]]''' ** Wadanda suka zo na biyu [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Division One North|2007–08]] ** Masu nasara a wasannin neman matsayi [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Playoffs 2|2007–08]] * '''[[Northern Premier League President's Cup]]''' ** Masu nasara [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Cup Contests|2007–08]] * '''[[North West Counties Football League|North West Counties League]] Division One''' ** Zakara [[2006–07 North West Counties Football League#Division One|2006–07]] * '''North West Counties League Division Two''' ** Zakara [[2005–06 North West Counties Football League#Division Two|2005–06]] * '''[[North West Counties Football League#League Cup winners|North West Counties League Challenge Cup]]''' ** Masu nasara 2006–07 * '''[[Fenix Trophy]]''' ** Masu nasara 2021–22, [[2023–24 Fenix Trophy|2023–24]] * '''[[Manchester Premier Cup]]''' ** Masu nasara 2016–17, 2017–18 * '''Supporters Direct Cup''' ** Masu nasara 2006 * '''Brian Lomax Trophy''' ** Masu nasara 2021 ==Tarihi== *'''Mafi kyawun sakamakon [[FA Cup]]:''' Zagaye na biyu, 2010–11<ref name=FCHD1>{{fchd|id=FCUNITED|name=FC United of Manchester}}</ref> *'''Mafi kyawun sakamakon [[FA Trophy]]:''' Kwata-fainal, 2014–15<ref name=FCHD1/> *'''Mafi kyawun sakamakon [[FA Vase]]:''' Zagaye na uku, 2006–07<ref name=FCHD1/> ==A wasannin Turai== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !scope="col"|Kaka !scope="col"|Gasa !scope="col"|Zagaye !scope="col"|Abokiyar hamayya !scope="col"|Gida !scope="col"|Waje !scope="col"|Jimilla |- !rowspan="3" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2021–22 |rowspan="3"| [[Fenix Trophy]] |rowspan="2"| Rukuni na B | {{fbaicon|POL}} [[AKS Zły]] | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 10–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–6 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|ITA}} [[Brera Calcio|Brera]] | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–3 |- | Final | {{fbaicon|CZE}} [[Prague Raptors]] | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2–0''' ([[Stadio Romeo Neri|N]]) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2022–23 |rowspan="4"| [[Fenix Trophy]] |rowspan="2"| Rukuni na A | {{fbaicon|BEL}} [[KSK Beveren]] | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–3 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|ESP}} [[CD Cuenca-Mestallistes]] | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 12–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–5 |- | Semi-final | {{fbaicon|DEN}} [[Boldklubben Skjold|BK Skjold]] | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| '''3–2''' ([[Arena Civica|N]]) |- | Wasan neman matsayi na uku | {{fbaicon|ITA}} [[Brera Calcio|Brera]] | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1–0''' ([[San Siro|N]]) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2023–24 |rowspan="4"| [[Fenix Trophy]] |rowspan="2"| Rukuni na C | {{fbaicon|POL}} [[Kraków Dragoons FC|Krakow Dragoons]] | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 14–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–4 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|FRA}} [[Vinsky FC]] | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 0–4 |- | Semi-final | {{fbaicon|ENG}} [[Lewes F.C.|Lewes]] | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1–0''' ([[Desenzano del Garda|N]]) |- | Final | {{fbaicon|CZE}} [[Prague Raptors]] | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''4–0''' ([[Desenzano del Garda|N]]) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2024–25 |rowspan="4"| [[Fenix Trophy]] |rowspan="1"| Zagaye na 16 | {{fbaicon|CZE}} [[Prague Raptors]] | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 5–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 0–3 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;" rowspan=1 | '''8–0''' |- | rowspan="1"| Kwata-fainal | {{fbaicon|MNE}} FC Fans United | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;" rowspan=1 | '''4–2''' |- | Semi-final | {{fbaicon|ENG}} [[Avro F.C.|Avro]] | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2–1''' ([[Lake Iseo|N]]) |- | Final | {{fbaicon|SCO}} [[Caledonian Braves]] | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| '''3–1''' ([[Lake Iseo|N]]) |- |} bpr76nn64u37g7wxodsy5cqc66ekiwm 961754 961751 2026-10-02T06:57:25Z Sirjat 20447 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/961751|961751]] by [[Special:Contributions/Sirjat|Sirjat]] ([[User talk:Sirjat|talk]]) 961754 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. ==Magoya baya== Kusan mambobi 2,000 ne suka mallaki F.C. United<ref>{{Cite web |title=Membership {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/membership |access-date=2025-08-28 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref>, kuma kulob din shi ne na uku mafi girma a Birtaniya wajen yawan mambobi a cikin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da magoya bayansu suka mallaka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.co.uk/news/hearts-become-uks-largest-fan-24873358 |title=Hearts become UK's largest fan-owned club |date=31 August 2021 }}</ref><ref name="nonleaguepaper">{{cite news |url=http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |title=FC United of Manchester general manager Andy Walsh to step down |author=Steven Coney |date=23 March 2016 |work=The Non-League Paper |publisher=Greenways Publishing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508041739/http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |archive-date=8 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Kowane memba yana iya kada ƙuri'a kan yadda ake gudanar da kulob din, ciki har da zaɓen mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa, ƙirar rigunan wasa, da farashin tikitin kakar wasa.<ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An san magoya bayan F.C. United da yawan waƙoƙin da suke rerawa yayin wasanni, kuma kafafen yaɗa labarai sun yaba da yanayin da magoya bayan ke samarwa.<ref>{{cite news |author=Tony Howard |title=We all know that Torpey wears a thong |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |work=The Guardian |date=26 October 2005 |access-date=26 October 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164249/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |title=F.C. United's impossible dream goes on |author=Julian Coman |work=The Guardian |date=7 November 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164353/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Tim Rich |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |title=Bennett ends F.C. United's dream but supporters remain on song |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |date=9 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164536/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Rory Smith |title=F.C. United of Manchester 0 Brighton and Hove Albion 4: match report |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=8 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164702/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> A kakar wasansu na farko ([[2005–06 in English football|2005–06]]), F.C. United ya kasance kulob din da ke da matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na biyu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila da ba na manyan lig-lig ba, inda matsakaicin masu kallo ya kasance 3,059, kuma shi ne kulob na 87 mafi yawan magoya baya a dukkan rukunan gasar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2005–06 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306021603/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Yawan masu kallo ya ragu a cikin kakar wasanni biyu na gaba, inda suka kasance kulob na 92 mafi yawan masu kallo a 2006–07, da na 100 a 2007–08.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2006–07 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=14 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232134/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2007–08 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040905/http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Daga nan matsakaicin yawan masu kallon wasannin lig ya daidaita zuwa kusan 2,000 a kowane wasa,<ref>{{cite web |title=Northern Premier League Premier Division Attendances 2009–10 and 2010–11 |author=Mike Avery |website=mikeavery.co.uk |url=http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |year=2011 |access-date=5 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320060226/http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |archive-date=20 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> kafin ya tashi zuwa matsakaicin 2,155 a 2014–15, wanda a lokacin shi ne matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na bakwai mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=26 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426142738/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> Bayan komawa Broadhurst Park a watan Mayu 2015, kulob din ya samu matsakaicin masu kallo 3,394 a 2015–16, wanda ya ƙaru da sama da kashi 57% idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata, kuma ya kasance matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na huɗu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=14 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501132430/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=1 May 2016}}</ref> ==Tsari== F.C. United yana aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar al'umma mai amfani ga jama'a.<ref name="fc-waw"/> Ana samun zama memba ta hanyar biyan kuɗin shekara na £25 ga kulob din (£5 ga yara), amma kowane memba yana samun kaso ɗaya ne kawai a kulob din kuma yana da damar kada ƙuri'a ɗaya a tarurruka, ba tare da la'akari da adadin kuɗin da ya bayar ba.<ref name="Manifesto">{{cite web |title=The Manifesto: Who We Are and What We Mean |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=11 December 2005 |archive-date=9 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409123223/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Membership">{{cite web |title=Membership of F.C. United of Manchester |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518230947/http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kwamitin gudanarwa ya ƙunshi mambobi har guda 11 waɗanda membobin kulob din ke zaɓe.<ref name="board-announced">{{cite web |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=6 July 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Babban jami'in zartarwa ne ke kula da ayyukan yau da kullum na kulob din; Andy Walsh, wanda yana daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa F.C. United, an naɗa shi a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2005.<ref name="nonleaguepaper" /> Ya sauka daga wannan matsayi a ƙarshen Yuni 2016.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |title=Key founder of FC United to stand down after 11 years |author=Paul Britton |date=23 March 2016 |work=Manchester Evening News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513221101/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |archive-date=13 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Damian Chadwick, wani daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kulob din, ya fara wannan matsayi a watan Nuwamba 2016. Chadwick ya sauka a shekarar 2018, kuma Paul Smith ya maye gurbinsa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |title=Welcome Damian Chadwick, FC United's new CEO |date=7 November 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111000632/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=11 November 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2023 an ɗauki Danny Davis aiki a matsayin Babban Manaja.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}} Manufar kulob din ta ƙunshi waɗannan muhimman ƙa'idoji:<ref name="Manifesto" /> # Membobin kulob din za su zaɓi Kwamitin gudanarwa ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya; # Za a yanke shawarar membobi bisa tsarin memba ɗaya, ƙuri'a ɗaya; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa alaƙa da al'ummar yankin kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa mai sauƙin shiga ga kowa, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga kowa ba; # Kulob din zai yi ƙoƙarin sanya farashin shiga ya kasance mai sauƙin biya gwargwadon iko, ga mutane masu yawa; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa matasa na yankin su shiga — wajen wasa da kuma mara wa kulob din baya — duk lokacin da zai yiwu; # Kwamitin gudanarwa zai yi ƙoƙari, a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya guji kasuwanci kai tsaye; # Kulob din zai kasance ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wadda ba ta neman riba. Kulob din yana karɓar tallafi daga masu ɗaukar nauyi amma ba ya barin a nuna tambarin masu ɗaukar nauyin a kan rigunan 'yan wasan.<ref name="Club sponsor"/> Babban mai ɗaukar nauyin kulob din a farkon kakar 2005–06 shi ne Bhopal Medical Appeal, yayin da a kakar 2006–07 kuma Williams BMW Group ne.<ref name="Bhopal">{{cite web |title=Bhopal Medical Appeal Collection |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=26 September 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120921/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Simon Donohue |title=F.C. United hires ad agency |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=5 December 2006 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120443/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Tsakanin 2011 da 2016, mxData, wani kamfanin Manchester da ke haɓaka manhajojin wayar hannu, ne ya ɗauki nauyin F.C. United.<ref name="Club sponsor"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |title=mxData signs new community sponsorship deal with FC United|date=3 August 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902093417/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |archive-date=2 September 2016 |url-status=live|access-date=2 September 2016}}</ref> A watan Oktoba 2014, F.C. United ya zama kulob din ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Birtaniya da Living Wage Foundation ta amince da shi a matsayin mai ɗaukar ma'aikata da ke biyan albashin rayuwa.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |title=FC United beat Premier League giants to first football club awarded Living Wage employer title |author=Luke Marino |date=17 October 2014 |work=Mancunian Matters |publisher=News Associates |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524143539/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |archive-date=24 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2016}}</ref> ==Suka== An soki F.C. United da waɗanda suka kafa shi, kuma magoya bayan Manchester United da kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bayyana ra'ayoyi daban-daban a kansu; wasu magoya baya suna kallon waɗanda suka zaɓi barin Manchester United domin bin F.C. United a matsayin "masu cin amana".<ref>{{cite news|title=Manchester United supporters still hold club's heart and soul dear not their bottom line |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html|date=19 February 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Jim |last=White |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120602/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=F.C. United: A punk football fairytale |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale|date=21 November 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Julian|last=Coman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164659/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kocin Manchester United Sir Alex Ferguson ya tambayi amincin magoya bayan da suka yanke shawarar kafa kulob din da kuma dalilin kafa F.C. United a cikin wani littafi na shekarar 2006:<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart|last=Brennan|title=Fergie lays into F.C. United |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382|date=5 September 2006|access-date=27 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415165104/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{blockquote|text=Na yi nadama game da hakan. Wannan ɓangaren yana da ɗan ban tausayi, amma ina mamakin yadda suke da girman goyon bayan United. A ganina, suna ƙoƙarin tallata ko nuna kansu ne maimakon su ce, "a ƙarshe dai kulob din ya yanke shawara, za mu tsaya tare da shi." Abin ya fi shafar su ne fiye da mu.|sign=Sir Alex Ferguson|source=''The Official Manchester United Diary of the Season'' (2006)}} Tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Eric Cantona ya nuna goyon bayansa ga kulob din, yana bayyana cewa suna da "babbar shawara" kuma yana fatan F.C. United zai "zama babban kulob kuma ya lashe Kofin Turai bayan shekaru 50".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|title=Eric Cantona: I didn't punch him strong enough. I should have punched him harder|last=Mitten|first=Andy|date=22 January 2015|work=FourFourTwo|publisher=Haymarket Media Group|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111527/http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|archive-date=25 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, yana da shekaru 43, ya ce zai kasance a shirye ya buga wa kulob din wasa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|title=Cantona: I would play for FC United|date=19 April 2010|work=Manchester Evening News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514115159/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Steve Coppell, wanda ya kasance winger na Manchester United tsakanin 1975 da 1983, ya shiga kulob din a matsayin abokin mallaka a watan Afrilu 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|title=Detroit City FC to welcome United legend Steve Coppell for FC United match|date=21 April 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514120500/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Mambobin F.C. United da kansu ma sun soki kulob din saboda barin wasu daga cikin ƙa'idojinsa, ciki har da amincewa da ɗaukar hoto tare da wani ministan gwamnati na Conservative Party a watan Oktoba 2015, duk da manufar kulob din na cewa kada a yi amfani da shi wajen tallata siyasa, kuma hakan ya faru kwana guda bayan wasu membobin kulob din sun shiga wata zanga-zanga kan rage kashe kuɗin gwamnati a Manchester.<ref name="disharmony-guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|title=FC United of Manchester: how the togetherness turned into disharmony|last=Taylor|first=Daniel|date=31 March 2016|work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505171530/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|archive-date=5 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="siege-mancmatters">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|title='Siege mentality': FC United supporters attack state of democracy at fan-owned club|last=Ford|first=Matt|date=20 April 2016|work=Mancunian Matters|publisher=News Associates|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421115110/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|archive-date=21 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> F.C. United ya kare ziyarar da cewa "wani muhimmin ɓangare" ne na samar da hanyoyin kuɗi ga masu sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa, yana mai cewa hakan zai taimaka wa wakilan gwamnati su fahimci fa'idodi da ƙalubalen zuba jari na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|title=Treasury minister visits Broadhurst Park to see benefits of social investment at FC United|date=7 October 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514111811/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|archive-date=14 May 2016|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Editan shirin kulob din ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa a watan Yuni 2015 saboda ƙarin farashin shirin na lokaci guda a wasan farko na Broadhurst Park da Benfica a watan da ya gabata; shawarar Kwamitin da aka bayyana cewa ta karya ƙa'idar kafa kulob din ta guje wa kasuwanci kai tsaye.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A lokacin kuma an soki F.C. United saboda gibin dimokuraɗiyya, bayyana gaskiya da ɗaukar alhaki tsakanin jami'an kulob din da membobinsa.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A shekarar 2016, zanga-zangar magoya baya ta sa wasu mambobin Kwamitin suka sauka daga mukamansu, sannan aka kira Taron Babban Taro na Gaggawa (EGM) domin zaɓen sabon Kwamitin. Zanga-zangar ta kai ga wasu magoya baya sun shiga filin wasa yayin wasan gida na ƙarshe na kakar 2015–16, suna neman sauran mambobin Kwamitin da ake ganin suna da alhakin rashin dimokuraɗiyya da bayyana gaskiya a kulob din su yi murabus.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters">{{cite web|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|title='An air of optimism': Board changes could signal return of happiness at FC United|work=Matt Ford|publisher=Mancunian Matters|date=9 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710142026/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|archive-date=10 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Mambobin Kwamitin guda uku sun yi murabus cikin mako guda bayan zanga-zangar da aka yi a filin wasa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|title=Club statement: Three FC United board members to resign|date=6 May 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727172937/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> tare da jami'in hulɗa da manema labarai da sadarwa na kulob din.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|title=Club press and communications officer to step down|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727173134/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni, an gudanar da EGM kuma aka zaɓi sabon Kwamitin da ya ƙunshi mambobi 11, lamarin da ya haifar da "yanayin ci gaba da kuma fata" tsakanin membobin kulob din.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters" /> ==Ƙididdiga da tarihin wasanni== [[File:RoryPatterson.jpg|thumb|[[Rory Patterson]] ya zura ƙwallaye 99 a dukkan gasa da ya buga wa F.C. United. Daga baya ya wakilci Northern Ireland.|alt=Rory Patterson cikin jan kayan wasan gida na F.C. United yana wasa a filin wasa, a gaban gine-ginen bulo.]] Jerome Wright ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan wasannin da aka buga wa F.C. United, inda ya buga wasanni 400 {{As of|2018|March|lc=y}}.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Tom Greaves ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura wa kulob ɗin, da ƙwallaye 102 a dukkan gasa, ciki har da 86 a gasar lig da 16 a wasannin kofuna {{As of|2018|January|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|title=All time players statistics|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-date=22 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122005546/http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|url-status=live}}</ref> Wasu 'yan wasa shida, [[Rory Patterson]], Mike Norton, [[Matthew Wolfenden (footballer)|Matthew Wolfenden]], Jerome Wright, Simon Carden da Stuart Rudd, su ma sun zura ƙwallaye sama da 50 wa kulob ɗin.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Rudd ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a kakar wasa guda, inda ya zura ƙwallaye 45 a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="fcunitedRU">{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|title=Records and trophies|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403225619/http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|archive-date=3 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=11 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi yawan maki da ƙungiyar ta samu a kakar wasa guda shi ne maki 112 a kakar 2006–07, yayin da mafi yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura a kakar wasa guda su ne 157, waɗanda aka zura a wasanni 42 a kakar 2006–07.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|title=F.C. United of Manchester|publisher=Football Club History Database|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074859/http://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|access-date=12 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi kyawun sakamakon kulob ɗin a gasar FA Cup shi ne kaiwa zagaye na biyu a kakar 2010–11. Bayan nasarar 3–2 a zagaye na farko a kan [[Rochdale A.F.C.|Rochdale]], F.C. United ta tashi 1–1 da [[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a waje, lamarin da ya tilasta a sake buga wasan a gida, inda suka sha kashi da ci 0–4.<ref name="brighton-loss" /> Daga baya ƙungiyar ta sake kaiwa zagayen farko na FA Cup sau biyu, inda ta sha kashi da ci 1–4 a kakar 2015–16 a hannun [[Chesterfield F.C.|Chesterfield]]<ref name="chesterfield-loss" /> da ci 1–5 a kakar 2020–21 a hannun [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]. A kakar 2006–07, F.C. United ta kai zagaye na uku na [[FA Vase]], bayan ta doke [[Padiham F.C.|Padiham]] da [[Salford City F.C.|Salford City]] a zagayen farko da na biyu, amma ta sha kashi da ci 2–3 a gida a hannun [[Quorn F.C.|Quorn]] bayan ƙarin lokaci.<ref name="quorn-loss" /> A kakar 2014–15, ta kai zagaye na huɗu na [[2014–15 FA Trophy|FA Trophy]], bayan ta doke [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]], [[Chorley F.C.|Chorley]] da [[AFC Fylde]] a zagayen farko uku, kafin ta sha kashi da ci 0–1 a waje a hannun [[Torquay United F.C.|Torquay United]].<ref name="torquay-loss">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|title=F.C. United of Manchester 1–0 Torquay United match report|last=Haley|first=Matthew|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|url-status=live|access-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417093921/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|archive-date=17 April 2016}}</ref> Babbar nasarar F.C. United a tarihin gasar lig ita ce ta 10–2 a kan [[Rochdale Town F.C.|Castleton Gabriels]] a ranar 10 Disamba 2005 a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]]; Simon Carden ya zura biyar daga cikin ƙwallayen, wanda shi ne tarihin kulob ɗin na yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a wasa guda.<ref name="fcunitedRU" /> F.C. United ta samu nasarar cin wasa da tazarar ƙwallaye takwas a wasu lokuta uku, a wasannin da ta ci [[Squires Gate F.C.|Squires Gate]], [[Glossop North End A.F.C.|Glossop North End]] da [[Nelson F.C.|Nelson]] da ci 8–0, duk a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Babbar rashin nasarar kulob ɗin a gasar lig ita ce ta 0–6 a waje a hannun [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]] a ranar 10 Maris 2018 a National League North.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Mafi yawan masu kallo da suka halarci wasan F.C. United a gida su ne 6,731 a wasan da suka buga da Brighton a zagaye na biyu na FA Cup na kakar 2010–11 a ranar 8 Disamba 2010, da kuma 6,023 a wasan da suka buga da [[Great Harwood Town F.C.|Great Harwood Town]] a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a ranar 22 Afrilu 2006, dukkan wasannin a [[Gigg Lane]].<ref name="F.C. United records" /> =='Yan wasa== {{Category see also|LABEL=For a category of notable former players, see|Category:F.C. United of Manchester players}} ===Tawagar farko=== [[File:FC United September 2011.jpg|thumb|'Yan wasan F.C. United a shekarar 2011 suna gode wa magoya baya saboda goyon bayansu|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United takwas a gefen yankin bugun fanareti bayan wasa. 'Yan wasa shida daga cikinsu suna tafa wa magoya baya.]] {{updated|18 August 2026}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad – Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=18 August 2026|website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=Dan Atherton}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Devine}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Declan Evans}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Charlie Hayes-Green}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=CZE|pos=DF|name=Jan Palinkas}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=[[Nathan Snowball]]|other=on loan from [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Thomson}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Michael Donohue]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Paul Ennis|Charlie Ennis]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|captain]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Fearnley}} {{fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Ruben Grewal}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Grivosti}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Arran Pettifer]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Hamed Sidibe}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Adam Sudworth}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Andre Wisdom]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=Jordan Buckley}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ZAM|pos=FW|name=Donald Chimalilo}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Adam Le Fondre]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Gerald Sithole]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Niall Watson]]|other=on loan from [[Hednesford Town F.C.|Hednesford Town]]}} {{Fs end}} ====A aro==== {{Fs start}} {{Fs end}} ===Wakilcin ƙasashe=== F.C. United ta taimaka wajen samar da 'yan wasa da dama da suka shiga harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa; babban mai zura ƙwallayen kulob ɗin a tarihi, [[Rory Patterson]], daga baya ya buga wasa kuma ya zura ƙwallaye wa [[Northern Ireland national football team|Northern Ireland a babban matakin ƙasa da ƙasa]], yayin da ɗan wasan gaba [[Matthew Walwyn]] ya fara buga wa [[Saint Kitts and Nevis national football team|Saint Kitts and Nevis]] wasa a wasan sada zumunci da [[Andorra national football team|Andorra]] a Nuwamba 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |title=Coleraine's Rory Patterson is in Northern Ireland squad |publisher=BBC News |date=22 February 2010 |access-date=17 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208040131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |archive-date=8 February 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season=2016/matches/round=2000582/match=2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html |title=Friendlies 2014–16 – Andorra–St. Kitts |date=12 November 2015 |publisher=UEFA |access-date=11 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511233502/http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season%3D2016/matches/round%3D2000582/match%3D2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html|archive-date=11 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ƙungiyar matasa ta F.C. United ta samu wakilci a tawagar 'yan makarantar England ta hannun Scott Cheetham a shekarar 2011<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |title=F.C. United youngster shocked by England call-up |work=Manchester Evening News |date=20 January 2011 |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417130812/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> sannan a shekarar 2013, kulob ɗin ya ɗauki ɗan wasan baya na [[Pakistan national men's football team|tawagar ƙasar Pakistan]] [[Amjad Iqbal]] daga [[Bradford Park Avenue F.C.|Bradford Park Avenue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |title=FC United ready for trip to Witton for Trophy tie |date=18 October 2013 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018132129/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |archive-date=18 October 2013 |url-status=live |access-date=2 June 2016}}</ref> Sauran 'yan wasan F.C. United da suka buga wa ƙasashensu wasa sun haɗa da [[Stephen O'Halloran]] (Jamhuriyar Ireland), [[Ludovic Quistin]] (Guadeloupe), [[Jason St Juste]] da [[Jacob Hazel]] (dukansu Saint Kitts and Nevis). ==Ma'aikatan horarwa== [[File:Karl Marginson.jpg|upright|thumb|[[Karl Marginson]] ya kasance manajan F.C. United na tsawon shekaru 12, daga kafuwar kulob ɗin zuwa shekarar 2017.|alt=Karl Marginson, manajan da ya fi kowa dadewa a matsayin manajan F.C. United, yana tsaye a gefen filin ƙwallon ƙafa yana kallon wasa.]] Bayan kafuwar F.C. United, kulob ɗin ya naɗa [[Karl Marginson]] a matsayin manajansa. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa karin matsayi sau huɗu, lashe kofunan lig uku, kofunan lig biyu da kofin gunduma guda. Ya bar kulob ɗin bisa yarjejeniyar juna a watan Oktoba 2017 bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2017–18. An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves, wanda ya karɓi matsayin [[Player-coach|manajan ɗan wasa]] na wucin gadi, kafin a mayar da naɗin nasa na dindindin a ranar 21 Nuwamba 2017.<ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|title=Karl Marginson: FC United of Manchester part company with first boss after 12 years |publisher=BBC |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205657/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="greaves-manager">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greaves ya yi murabus a watan Agusta 2018, kuma aka maye gurbinsa da Dave Chadwick a matsayin manajan riƙo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> Daga nan aka naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin manaja a ranar 18 Oktoba 2018,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> matsayin da ya riƙe har zuwa ranar 11 Satumba 2024,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Club Statement: Neil Reynolds Departs as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/club-statement-neil-reynolds-departs-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> lokacin da aka sauke shi daga mukaminsa bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2024–25. An maye gurbinsa da tsohon manajan [[Warrington Town F.C.|Warrington Town]], [[Mark Beesley]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Turner |first=Matt |date=2026-04-28 |title=A play-off meeting that was written in the stars for Rylands boss? |url=https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/sport/26056456.warrington-rylands-boss-face-old-club-play-off-clash/ |access-date=2026-08-12 |website=[[Warrington Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref> ===Jerin manajoji=== ''Bayanin ya yi daidai da wasan da aka buga a ranar 12 Maris 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FC Utd Managers List|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=4658&teamTabs=managers|access-date=2 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> Ana ƙirga wasannin gasa kawai.'' ;Ma'ana * Ana kawo sunayen [[caretaker manager|manajoji na riƙo]] inda aka san su, kuma ana rubuta sunayen manajoji na riƙo da ''italics'' tare da alamar tauraro (*). * Ana kawo sunayen [[Player-coach|manajoji 'yan wasa]] inda aka san su, kuma ana sanya musu alamar takobi biyu ({{double-dagger}}). {|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- |+Jerin manajojin F.C. United of Manchester |- !scope="col"|Suna !scope="col"|Ƙasa !scope="col"|Daga !scope="col"|Zuwa !scope="col"|Wasanni !scope="col"|Nasara !scope="col"|Canjaras{{#tag:ref|Ana ƙirga wasannin da aka yanke ta hanyar [[Penalty shoot-out (association football)|bugun fanareti]] a matsayin canjaras.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Rashin nasara !scope="col"|Kashi%{{#tag:ref|Ana [[Rounding|zagaye]] Kashi% zuwa wurare [[Decimal|biyu]] na goma.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Girmamawa !scope="col" class="unsortable"|{{Abbr|Refs.|Manazarta}} |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Karl|Marginson}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2005|6|22}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} {{WDL|450|215|96|139}} |[[Northern Premier League Premier Division]]:<br>Zakara: [[2014–15 Northern Premier League#Premier Division|2014–15]]<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2010–11 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2010–11]], [[2011–12 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2012–13]]<br>[[Northern Premier League Division One North]]:<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Division One North|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Playoffs 2|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Northern Premier League President's Cup]]: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Cup Contests|2007–08]]<br>Zakaran [[North West Counties Football League|North West Counties League]] Division One: [[2006–07 North West Counties Football League#Division One|2006–07]]<br>Masu nasara a [[North West Counties Football League#League Cup winners|North West Counties League Challenge Cup]]: 2006–07<br>Zakaran North West Counties League Division Two: [[2005–06 North West Counties Football League#Division Two|2005–06]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2016–17<br>Masu nasara a Supporters Direct Cup: 2006 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karl Marginson|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=3049|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}}''* {{double-dagger}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} {{WDL||||}} | |<ref name="Tom Greaves">{{Cite web|title=Tom Greaves|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4628|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} {{WDL|35|12|6|17}} |Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2017–18 |<ref name="Tom Greaves"/> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|David|Chadwick|David Chadwick (football manager)}}''* |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} {{WDL|6|0|3|3}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|title=David Chadwick|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4940|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Neil|Reynolds|Neil Reynolds (football manager)}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2024|9|11}} {{WDL|114|45|26|43}} |Masu nasara a Brian Lomax Trophy: 2021 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Neil Reynolds|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4962|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- ![[Mark Beesley]] |{{ENG}} |22 Satumba 2024 |Yanzu | | | | | | | |} ===Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu=== {|class="wikitable" |- !Suna !Matsayi |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Mark Beesley]] |Manaja |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[David Raven (footballer)|David Raven]] |Mataimakin manaja |- |{{flagicon|CAN}} Callum Greenwood |Mai horar da masu tsaron gida |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Olivia Smith |Babbar ma'aikaciyar jinya ta ƙungiyar |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Joseph Winskill |Mai kula da kayan wasa |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Elsie Baxter |Mai horar da tawagar mata |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Mark Thomas |Mataimakin babban koci |- |colspan="2"|Madogara:<ref name="F.C. United Squad">{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|title=First Team Squad|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=19 August 2021|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204015106/http://fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2|title=Reserve Squad|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=13 November 2015|access-date=13 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311042137/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2 |archive-date=11 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad - Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester appoints Mark Beesley as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-of-manchester-appoints-mark-beesley-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> |} sj8mavvqk5ph32qogo5hh9493tucv53 961755 961754 2026-10-02T06:57:45Z Sirjat 20447 /* Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu */ 961755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. ==Magoya baya== Kusan mambobi 2,000 ne suka mallaki F.C. United<ref>{{Cite web |title=Membership {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/membership |access-date=2025-08-28 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref>, kuma kulob din shi ne na uku mafi girma a Birtaniya wajen yawan mambobi a cikin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da magoya bayansu suka mallaka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.co.uk/news/hearts-become-uks-largest-fan-24873358 |title=Hearts become UK's largest fan-owned club |date=31 August 2021 }}</ref><ref name="nonleaguepaper">{{cite news |url=http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |title=FC United of Manchester general manager Andy Walsh to step down |author=Steven Coney |date=23 March 2016 |work=The Non-League Paper |publisher=Greenways Publishing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508041739/http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |archive-date=8 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Kowane memba yana iya kada ƙuri'a kan yadda ake gudanar da kulob din, ciki har da zaɓen mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa, ƙirar rigunan wasa, da farashin tikitin kakar wasa.<ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An san magoya bayan F.C. United da yawan waƙoƙin da suke rerawa yayin wasanni, kuma kafafen yaɗa labarai sun yaba da yanayin da magoya bayan ke samarwa.<ref>{{cite news |author=Tony Howard |title=We all know that Torpey wears a thong |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |work=The Guardian |date=26 October 2005 |access-date=26 October 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164249/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |title=F.C. United's impossible dream goes on |author=Julian Coman |work=The Guardian |date=7 November 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164353/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Tim Rich |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |title=Bennett ends F.C. United's dream but supporters remain on song |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |date=9 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164536/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Rory Smith |title=F.C. United of Manchester 0 Brighton and Hove Albion 4: match report |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=8 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164702/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> A kakar wasansu na farko ([[2005–06 in English football|2005–06]]), F.C. United ya kasance kulob din da ke da matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na biyu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila da ba na manyan lig-lig ba, inda matsakaicin masu kallo ya kasance 3,059, kuma shi ne kulob na 87 mafi yawan magoya baya a dukkan rukunan gasar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2005–06 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306021603/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Yawan masu kallo ya ragu a cikin kakar wasanni biyu na gaba, inda suka kasance kulob na 92 mafi yawan masu kallo a 2006–07, da na 100 a 2007–08.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2006–07 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=14 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232134/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2007–08 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040905/http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Daga nan matsakaicin yawan masu kallon wasannin lig ya daidaita zuwa kusan 2,000 a kowane wasa,<ref>{{cite web |title=Northern Premier League Premier Division Attendances 2009–10 and 2010–11 |author=Mike Avery |website=mikeavery.co.uk |url=http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |year=2011 |access-date=5 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320060226/http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |archive-date=20 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> kafin ya tashi zuwa matsakaicin 2,155 a 2014–15, wanda a lokacin shi ne matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na bakwai mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=26 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426142738/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> Bayan komawa Broadhurst Park a watan Mayu 2015, kulob din ya samu matsakaicin masu kallo 3,394 a 2015–16, wanda ya ƙaru da sama da kashi 57% idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata, kuma ya kasance matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na huɗu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=14 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501132430/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=1 May 2016}}</ref> ==Tsari== F.C. United yana aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar al'umma mai amfani ga jama'a.<ref name="fc-waw"/> Ana samun zama memba ta hanyar biyan kuɗin shekara na £25 ga kulob din (£5 ga yara), amma kowane memba yana samun kaso ɗaya ne kawai a kulob din kuma yana da damar kada ƙuri'a ɗaya a tarurruka, ba tare da la'akari da adadin kuɗin da ya bayar ba.<ref name="Manifesto">{{cite web |title=The Manifesto: Who We Are and What We Mean |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=11 December 2005 |archive-date=9 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409123223/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Membership">{{cite web |title=Membership of F.C. United of Manchester |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518230947/http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kwamitin gudanarwa ya ƙunshi mambobi har guda 11 waɗanda membobin kulob din ke zaɓe.<ref name="board-announced">{{cite web |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=6 July 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Babban jami'in zartarwa ne ke kula da ayyukan yau da kullum na kulob din; Andy Walsh, wanda yana daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa F.C. United, an naɗa shi a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2005.<ref name="nonleaguepaper" /> Ya sauka daga wannan matsayi a ƙarshen Yuni 2016.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |title=Key founder of FC United to stand down after 11 years |author=Paul Britton |date=23 March 2016 |work=Manchester Evening News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513221101/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |archive-date=13 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Damian Chadwick, wani daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kulob din, ya fara wannan matsayi a watan Nuwamba 2016. Chadwick ya sauka a shekarar 2018, kuma Paul Smith ya maye gurbinsa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |title=Welcome Damian Chadwick, FC United's new CEO |date=7 November 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111000632/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=11 November 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2023 an ɗauki Danny Davis aiki a matsayin Babban Manaja.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}} Manufar kulob din ta ƙunshi waɗannan muhimman ƙa'idoji:<ref name="Manifesto" /> # Membobin kulob din za su zaɓi Kwamitin gudanarwa ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya; # Za a yanke shawarar membobi bisa tsarin memba ɗaya, ƙuri'a ɗaya; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa alaƙa da al'ummar yankin kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa mai sauƙin shiga ga kowa, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga kowa ba; # Kulob din zai yi ƙoƙarin sanya farashin shiga ya kasance mai sauƙin biya gwargwadon iko, ga mutane masu yawa; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa matasa na yankin su shiga — wajen wasa da kuma mara wa kulob din baya — duk lokacin da zai yiwu; # Kwamitin gudanarwa zai yi ƙoƙari, a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya guji kasuwanci kai tsaye; # Kulob din zai kasance ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wadda ba ta neman riba. Kulob din yana karɓar tallafi daga masu ɗaukar nauyi amma ba ya barin a nuna tambarin masu ɗaukar nauyin a kan rigunan 'yan wasan.<ref name="Club sponsor"/> Babban mai ɗaukar nauyin kulob din a farkon kakar 2005–06 shi ne Bhopal Medical Appeal, yayin da a kakar 2006–07 kuma Williams BMW Group ne.<ref name="Bhopal">{{cite web |title=Bhopal Medical Appeal Collection |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=26 September 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120921/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Simon Donohue |title=F.C. United hires ad agency |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=5 December 2006 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120443/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Tsakanin 2011 da 2016, mxData, wani kamfanin Manchester da ke haɓaka manhajojin wayar hannu, ne ya ɗauki nauyin F.C. United.<ref name="Club sponsor"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |title=mxData signs new community sponsorship deal with FC United|date=3 August 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902093417/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |archive-date=2 September 2016 |url-status=live|access-date=2 September 2016}}</ref> A watan Oktoba 2014, F.C. United ya zama kulob din ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Birtaniya da Living Wage Foundation ta amince da shi a matsayin mai ɗaukar ma'aikata da ke biyan albashin rayuwa.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |title=FC United beat Premier League giants to first football club awarded Living Wage employer title |author=Luke Marino |date=17 October 2014 |work=Mancunian Matters |publisher=News Associates |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524143539/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |archive-date=24 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2016}}</ref> ==Suka== An soki F.C. United da waɗanda suka kafa shi, kuma magoya bayan Manchester United da kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bayyana ra'ayoyi daban-daban a kansu; wasu magoya baya suna kallon waɗanda suka zaɓi barin Manchester United domin bin F.C. United a matsayin "masu cin amana".<ref>{{cite news|title=Manchester United supporters still hold club's heart and soul dear not their bottom line |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html|date=19 February 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Jim |last=White |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120602/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=F.C. United: A punk football fairytale |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale|date=21 November 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Julian|last=Coman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164659/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kocin Manchester United Sir Alex Ferguson ya tambayi amincin magoya bayan da suka yanke shawarar kafa kulob din da kuma dalilin kafa F.C. United a cikin wani littafi na shekarar 2006:<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart|last=Brennan|title=Fergie lays into F.C. United |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382|date=5 September 2006|access-date=27 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415165104/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{blockquote|text=Na yi nadama game da hakan. Wannan ɓangaren yana da ɗan ban tausayi, amma ina mamakin yadda suke da girman goyon bayan United. A ganina, suna ƙoƙarin tallata ko nuna kansu ne maimakon su ce, "a ƙarshe dai kulob din ya yanke shawara, za mu tsaya tare da shi." Abin ya fi shafar su ne fiye da mu.|sign=Sir Alex Ferguson|source=''The Official Manchester United Diary of the Season'' (2006)}} Tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Eric Cantona ya nuna goyon bayansa ga kulob din, yana bayyana cewa suna da "babbar shawara" kuma yana fatan F.C. United zai "zama babban kulob kuma ya lashe Kofin Turai bayan shekaru 50".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|title=Eric Cantona: I didn't punch him strong enough. I should have punched him harder|last=Mitten|first=Andy|date=22 January 2015|work=FourFourTwo|publisher=Haymarket Media Group|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111527/http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|archive-date=25 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, yana da shekaru 43, ya ce zai kasance a shirye ya buga wa kulob din wasa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|title=Cantona: I would play for FC United|date=19 April 2010|work=Manchester Evening News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514115159/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Steve Coppell, wanda ya kasance winger na Manchester United tsakanin 1975 da 1983, ya shiga kulob din a matsayin abokin mallaka a watan Afrilu 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|title=Detroit City FC to welcome United legend Steve Coppell for FC United match|date=21 April 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514120500/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Mambobin F.C. United da kansu ma sun soki kulob din saboda barin wasu daga cikin ƙa'idojinsa, ciki har da amincewa da ɗaukar hoto tare da wani ministan gwamnati na Conservative Party a watan Oktoba 2015, duk da manufar kulob din na cewa kada a yi amfani da shi wajen tallata siyasa, kuma hakan ya faru kwana guda bayan wasu membobin kulob din sun shiga wata zanga-zanga kan rage kashe kuɗin gwamnati a Manchester.<ref name="disharmony-guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|title=FC United of Manchester: how the togetherness turned into disharmony|last=Taylor|first=Daniel|date=31 March 2016|work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505171530/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|archive-date=5 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="siege-mancmatters">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|title='Siege mentality': FC United supporters attack state of democracy at fan-owned club|last=Ford|first=Matt|date=20 April 2016|work=Mancunian Matters|publisher=News Associates|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421115110/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|archive-date=21 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> F.C. United ya kare ziyarar da cewa "wani muhimmin ɓangare" ne na samar da hanyoyin kuɗi ga masu sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa, yana mai cewa hakan zai taimaka wa wakilan gwamnati su fahimci fa'idodi da ƙalubalen zuba jari na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|title=Treasury minister visits Broadhurst Park to see benefits of social investment at FC United|date=7 October 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514111811/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|archive-date=14 May 2016|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Editan shirin kulob din ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa a watan Yuni 2015 saboda ƙarin farashin shirin na lokaci guda a wasan farko na Broadhurst Park da Benfica a watan da ya gabata; shawarar Kwamitin da aka bayyana cewa ta karya ƙa'idar kafa kulob din ta guje wa kasuwanci kai tsaye.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A lokacin kuma an soki F.C. United saboda gibin dimokuraɗiyya, bayyana gaskiya da ɗaukar alhaki tsakanin jami'an kulob din da membobinsa.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A shekarar 2016, zanga-zangar magoya baya ta sa wasu mambobin Kwamitin suka sauka daga mukamansu, sannan aka kira Taron Babban Taro na Gaggawa (EGM) domin zaɓen sabon Kwamitin. Zanga-zangar ta kai ga wasu magoya baya sun shiga filin wasa yayin wasan gida na ƙarshe na kakar 2015–16, suna neman sauran mambobin Kwamitin da ake ganin suna da alhakin rashin dimokuraɗiyya da bayyana gaskiya a kulob din su yi murabus.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters">{{cite web|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|title='An air of optimism': Board changes could signal return of happiness at FC United|work=Matt Ford|publisher=Mancunian Matters|date=9 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710142026/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|archive-date=10 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Mambobin Kwamitin guda uku sun yi murabus cikin mako guda bayan zanga-zangar da aka yi a filin wasa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|title=Club statement: Three FC United board members to resign|date=6 May 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727172937/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> tare da jami'in hulɗa da manema labarai da sadarwa na kulob din.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|title=Club press and communications officer to step down|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727173134/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni, an gudanar da EGM kuma aka zaɓi sabon Kwamitin da ya ƙunshi mambobi 11, lamarin da ya haifar da "yanayin ci gaba da kuma fata" tsakanin membobin kulob din.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters" /> ==Ƙididdiga da tarihin wasanni== [[File:RoryPatterson.jpg|thumb|[[Rory Patterson]] ya zura ƙwallaye 99 a dukkan gasa da ya buga wa F.C. United. Daga baya ya wakilci Northern Ireland.|alt=Rory Patterson cikin jan kayan wasan gida na F.C. United yana wasa a filin wasa, a gaban gine-ginen bulo.]] Jerome Wright ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan wasannin da aka buga wa F.C. United, inda ya buga wasanni 400 {{As of|2018|March|lc=y}}.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Tom Greaves ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura wa kulob ɗin, da ƙwallaye 102 a dukkan gasa, ciki har da 86 a gasar lig da 16 a wasannin kofuna {{As of|2018|January|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|title=All time players statistics|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-date=22 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122005546/http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|url-status=live}}</ref> Wasu 'yan wasa shida, [[Rory Patterson]], Mike Norton, [[Matthew Wolfenden (footballer)|Matthew Wolfenden]], Jerome Wright, Simon Carden da Stuart Rudd, su ma sun zura ƙwallaye sama da 50 wa kulob ɗin.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Rudd ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a kakar wasa guda, inda ya zura ƙwallaye 45 a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="fcunitedRU">{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|title=Records and trophies|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403225619/http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|archive-date=3 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=11 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi yawan maki da ƙungiyar ta samu a kakar wasa guda shi ne maki 112 a kakar 2006–07, yayin da mafi yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura a kakar wasa guda su ne 157, waɗanda aka zura a wasanni 42 a kakar 2006–07.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|title=F.C. United of Manchester|publisher=Football Club History Database|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074859/http://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|access-date=12 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi kyawun sakamakon kulob ɗin a gasar FA Cup shi ne kaiwa zagaye na biyu a kakar 2010–11. Bayan nasarar 3–2 a zagaye na farko a kan [[Rochdale A.F.C.|Rochdale]], F.C. United ta tashi 1–1 da [[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a waje, lamarin da ya tilasta a sake buga wasan a gida, inda suka sha kashi da ci 0–4.<ref name="brighton-loss" /> Daga baya ƙungiyar ta sake kaiwa zagayen farko na FA Cup sau biyu, inda ta sha kashi da ci 1–4 a kakar 2015–16 a hannun [[Chesterfield F.C.|Chesterfield]]<ref name="chesterfield-loss" /> da ci 1–5 a kakar 2020–21 a hannun [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]. A kakar 2006–07, F.C. United ta kai zagaye na uku na [[FA Vase]], bayan ta doke [[Padiham F.C.|Padiham]] da [[Salford City F.C.|Salford City]] a zagayen farko da na biyu, amma ta sha kashi da ci 2–3 a gida a hannun [[Quorn F.C.|Quorn]] bayan ƙarin lokaci.<ref name="quorn-loss" /> A kakar 2014–15, ta kai zagaye na huɗu na [[2014–15 FA Trophy|FA Trophy]], bayan ta doke [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]], [[Chorley F.C.|Chorley]] da [[AFC Fylde]] a zagayen farko uku, kafin ta sha kashi da ci 0–1 a waje a hannun [[Torquay United F.C.|Torquay United]].<ref name="torquay-loss">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|title=F.C. United of Manchester 1–0 Torquay United match report|last=Haley|first=Matthew|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|url-status=live|access-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417093921/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|archive-date=17 April 2016}}</ref> Babbar nasarar F.C. United a tarihin gasar lig ita ce ta 10–2 a kan [[Rochdale Town F.C.|Castleton Gabriels]] a ranar 10 Disamba 2005 a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]]; Simon Carden ya zura biyar daga cikin ƙwallayen, wanda shi ne tarihin kulob ɗin na yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a wasa guda.<ref name="fcunitedRU" /> F.C. United ta samu nasarar cin wasa da tazarar ƙwallaye takwas a wasu lokuta uku, a wasannin da ta ci [[Squires Gate F.C.|Squires Gate]], [[Glossop North End A.F.C.|Glossop North End]] da [[Nelson F.C.|Nelson]] da ci 8–0, duk a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Babbar rashin nasarar kulob ɗin a gasar lig ita ce ta 0–6 a waje a hannun [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]] a ranar 10 Maris 2018 a National League North.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Mafi yawan masu kallo da suka halarci wasan F.C. United a gida su ne 6,731 a wasan da suka buga da Brighton a zagaye na biyu na FA Cup na kakar 2010–11 a ranar 8 Disamba 2010, da kuma 6,023 a wasan da suka buga da [[Great Harwood Town F.C.|Great Harwood Town]] a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a ranar 22 Afrilu 2006, dukkan wasannin a [[Gigg Lane]].<ref name="F.C. United records" /> =='Yan wasa== {{Category see also|LABEL=For a category of notable former players, see|Category:F.C. United of Manchester players}} ===Tawagar farko=== [[File:FC United September 2011.jpg|thumb|'Yan wasan F.C. United a shekarar 2011 suna gode wa magoya baya saboda goyon bayansu|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United takwas a gefen yankin bugun fanareti bayan wasa. 'Yan wasa shida daga cikinsu suna tafa wa magoya baya.]] {{updated|18 August 2026}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad – Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=18 August 2026|website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=Dan Atherton}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Devine}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Declan Evans}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Charlie Hayes-Green}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=CZE|pos=DF|name=Jan Palinkas}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=[[Nathan Snowball]]|other=on loan from [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Thomson}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Michael Donohue]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Paul Ennis|Charlie Ennis]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|captain]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Fearnley}} {{fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Ruben Grewal}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Grivosti}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Arran Pettifer]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Hamed Sidibe}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Adam Sudworth}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Andre Wisdom]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=Jordan Buckley}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ZAM|pos=FW|name=Donald Chimalilo}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Adam Le Fondre]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Gerald Sithole]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Niall Watson]]|other=on loan from [[Hednesford Town F.C.|Hednesford Town]]}} {{Fs end}} ====A aro==== {{Fs start}} {{Fs end}} ===Wakilcin ƙasashe=== F.C. United ta taimaka wajen samar da 'yan wasa da dama da suka shiga harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa; babban mai zura ƙwallayen kulob ɗin a tarihi, [[Rory Patterson]], daga baya ya buga wasa kuma ya zura ƙwallaye wa [[Northern Ireland national football team|Northern Ireland a babban matakin ƙasa da ƙasa]], yayin da ɗan wasan gaba [[Matthew Walwyn]] ya fara buga wa [[Saint Kitts and Nevis national football team|Saint Kitts and Nevis]] wasa a wasan sada zumunci da [[Andorra national football team|Andorra]] a Nuwamba 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |title=Coleraine's Rory Patterson is in Northern Ireland squad |publisher=BBC News |date=22 February 2010 |access-date=17 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208040131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |archive-date=8 February 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season=2016/matches/round=2000582/match=2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html |title=Friendlies 2014–16 – Andorra–St. Kitts |date=12 November 2015 |publisher=UEFA |access-date=11 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511233502/http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season%3D2016/matches/round%3D2000582/match%3D2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html|archive-date=11 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ƙungiyar matasa ta F.C. United ta samu wakilci a tawagar 'yan makarantar England ta hannun Scott Cheetham a shekarar 2011<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |title=F.C. United youngster shocked by England call-up |work=Manchester Evening News |date=20 January 2011 |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417130812/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> sannan a shekarar 2013, kulob ɗin ya ɗauki ɗan wasan baya na [[Pakistan national men's football team|tawagar ƙasar Pakistan]] [[Amjad Iqbal]] daga [[Bradford Park Avenue F.C.|Bradford Park Avenue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |title=FC United ready for trip to Witton for Trophy tie |date=18 October 2013 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018132129/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |archive-date=18 October 2013 |url-status=live |access-date=2 June 2016}}</ref> Sauran 'yan wasan F.C. United da suka buga wa ƙasashensu wasa sun haɗa da [[Stephen O'Halloran]] (Jamhuriyar Ireland), [[Ludovic Quistin]] (Guadeloupe), [[Jason St Juste]] da [[Jacob Hazel]] (dukansu Saint Kitts and Nevis). ==Ma'aikatan horarwa== [[File:Karl Marginson.jpg|upright|thumb|[[Karl Marginson]] ya kasance manajan F.C. United na tsawon shekaru 12, daga kafuwar kulob ɗin zuwa shekarar 2017.|alt=Karl Marginson, manajan da ya fi kowa dadewa a matsayin manajan F.C. United, yana tsaye a gefen filin ƙwallon ƙafa yana kallon wasa.]] Bayan kafuwar F.C. United, kulob ɗin ya naɗa [[Karl Marginson]] a matsayin manajansa. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa karin matsayi sau huɗu, lashe kofunan lig uku, kofunan lig biyu da kofin gunduma guda. Ya bar kulob ɗin bisa yarjejeniyar juna a watan Oktoba 2017 bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2017–18. An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves, wanda ya karɓi matsayin [[Player-coach|manajan ɗan wasa]] na wucin gadi, kafin a mayar da naɗin nasa na dindindin a ranar 21 Nuwamba 2017.<ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|title=Karl Marginson: FC United of Manchester part company with first boss after 12 years |publisher=BBC |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205657/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="greaves-manager">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greaves ya yi murabus a watan Agusta 2018, kuma aka maye gurbinsa da Dave Chadwick a matsayin manajan riƙo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> Daga nan aka naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin manaja a ranar 18 Oktoba 2018,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> matsayin da ya riƙe har zuwa ranar 11 Satumba 2024,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Club Statement: Neil Reynolds Departs as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/club-statement-neil-reynolds-departs-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> lokacin da aka sauke shi daga mukaminsa bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2024–25. An maye gurbinsa da tsohon manajan [[Warrington Town F.C.|Warrington Town]], [[Mark Beesley]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Turner |first=Matt |date=2026-04-28 |title=A play-off meeting that was written in the stars for Rylands boss? |url=https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/sport/26056456.warrington-rylands-boss-face-old-club-play-off-clash/ |access-date=2026-08-12 |website=[[Warrington Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref> ===Jerin manajoji=== ''Bayanin ya yi daidai da wasan da aka buga a ranar 12 Maris 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FC Utd Managers List|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=4658&teamTabs=managers|access-date=2 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> Ana ƙirga wasannin gasa kawai.'' ;Ma'ana * Ana kawo sunayen [[caretaker manager|manajoji na riƙo]] inda aka san su, kuma ana rubuta sunayen manajoji na riƙo da ''italics'' tare da alamar tauraro (*). * Ana kawo sunayen [[Player-coach|manajoji 'yan wasa]] inda aka san su, kuma ana sanya musu alamar takobi biyu ({{double-dagger}}). {|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- |+Jerin manajojin F.C. United of Manchester |- !scope="col"|Suna !scope="col"|Ƙasa !scope="col"|Daga !scope="col"|Zuwa !scope="col"|Wasanni !scope="col"|Nasara !scope="col"|Canjaras{{#tag:ref|Ana ƙirga wasannin da aka yanke ta hanyar [[Penalty shoot-out (association football)|bugun fanareti]] a matsayin canjaras.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Rashin nasara !scope="col"|Kashi%{{#tag:ref|Ana [[Rounding|zagaye]] Kashi% zuwa wurare [[Decimal|biyu]] na goma.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Girmamawa !scope="col" class="unsortable"|{{Abbr|Refs.|Manazarta}} |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Karl|Marginson}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2005|6|22}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} {{WDL|450|215|96|139}} |[[Northern Premier League Premier Division]]:<br>Zakara: [[2014–15 Northern Premier League#Premier Division|2014–15]]<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2010–11 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2010–11]], [[2011–12 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2012–13]]<br>[[Northern Premier League Division One North]]:<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Division One North|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Playoffs 2|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Northern Premier League President's Cup]]: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Cup Contests|2007–08]]<br>Zakaran [[North West Counties Football League|North West Counties League]] Division One: [[2006–07 North West Counties Football League#Division One|2006–07]]<br>Masu nasara a [[North West Counties Football League#League Cup winners|North West Counties League Challenge Cup]]: 2006–07<br>Zakaran North West Counties League Division Two: [[2005–06 North West Counties Football League#Division Two|2005–06]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2016–17<br>Masu nasara a Supporters Direct Cup: 2006 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karl Marginson|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=3049|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}}''* {{double-dagger}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} {{WDL||||}} | |<ref name="Tom Greaves">{{Cite web|title=Tom Greaves|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4628|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} {{WDL|35|12|6|17}} |Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2017–18 |<ref name="Tom Greaves"/> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|David|Chadwick|David Chadwick (football manager)}}''* |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} {{WDL|6|0|3|3}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|title=David Chadwick|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4940|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Neil|Reynolds|Neil Reynolds (football manager)}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2024|9|11}} {{WDL|114|45|26|43}} |Masu nasara a Brian Lomax Trophy: 2021 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Neil Reynolds|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4962|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- ![[Mark Beesley]] |{{ENG}} |22 Satumba 2024 |Yanzu | | | | | | | |} ===Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu=== {|class="wikitable" |- !Suna !Matsayi |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Mark Beesley]] |Manaja |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[David Raven (footballer)|David Raven]] |Mataimakin manaja |- |{{flagicon|CAN}} Callum Greenwood |Mai horar da masu tsaron gida |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Olivia Smith |Babbar ma'aikaciyar jinya ta ƙungiyar |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Joseph Winskill |Mai kula da kayan wasa |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Elsie Baxter |Mai horar da tawagar mata |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Mark Thomas |Mataimakin babban koci |- |colspan="2"|Madogara:<ref name="F.C. United Squad">{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|title=First Team Squad|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=19 August 2021|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204015106/http://fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2|title=Reserve Squad|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=13 November 2015|access-date=13 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311042137/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2 |archive-date=11 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad - Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester appoints Mark Beesley as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-of-manchester-appoints-mark-beesley-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> |} ==Girmamawa== F.C. United sun lashe kofunan gasar lig guda uku, kofunan lig guda biyu da kofunan gunduma guda biyu a tarihinsu.<ref name="F.C. honours">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/honours.php |title=F.C. United honours |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408231141/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_honours.php |archive-date=8 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:FC United NWCFL2 trophy.jpg|thumb|F.C. United sun zama zakarun [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a kakar su ta farko (2005–06).|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United sun taru a kusa da kofin North West Counties League Division Two yayin da magoya baya ke daukar hotuna.]] '''Northern Premier League Premier Division''' ** Zakarun [[2014–15 Northern Premier League#Premier Division|2014–15]] ** Masu matsayi na biyu a wasannin neman gurbin shiga matakin gaba [[2010–11 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2010–11]], [[2011–12 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2012–13]] '''Northern Premier League Division One North''' ** Masu matsayi na biyu [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Division One North|2007–08]] ** Masu nasara a wasannin neman gurbin shiga matakin gaba [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Playoffs 2|2007–08]] '''Northern Premier League President's Cup''' ** Masu nasara [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Cup Contests|2007–08]] '''North West Counties League Division One''' ** Zakarun [[2006–07 North West Counties Football League#Division One|2006–07]] '''North West Counties League Division Two''' ** Zakarun [[2005–06 North West Counties Football League#Division Two|2005–06]] '''North West Counties League Challenge Cup''' ** Masu nasara 2006–07 '''Fenix Trophy''' ** Masu nasara 2021–22, [[2023–24 Fenix Trophy|2023–24]] '''Manchester Premier Cup''' ** Masu nasara 2016–17, 2017–18 '''Supporters Direct Cup''' ** Masu nasara 2006 '''Brian Lomax Trophy''' ** Masu nasara 2021 ==Kundin tarihi== *'''Mafi kyawun sakamako a [[FA Cup]]:''' Zagaye na biyu, 2010–11<ref name=FCHD1>{{fchd|id=FCUNITED|name=FC United of Manchester}}</ref> *'''Mafi kyawun sakamako a [[FA Trophy]]:''' Quarter Final, 2014–15<ref name=FCHD1/> *'''Mafi kyawun sakamako a [[FA Vase]]:''' Zagaye na uku, 2006–07<ref name=FCHD1/> ==A gasannin Turai== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !scope="col"|Kaka !scope="col"|Gasa !scope="col"|Zagaye !scope="col"|Abokan hamayya !scope="col"|Gida !scope="col"|Waje !scope="col"|Jimilla |- !rowspan="3" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2021–22 |rowspan="3"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="2"| Rukunin B | {{fbaicon|POL}} AKS Zły | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 10–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–6 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|ITA}} Brera | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–3 |- | Ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|CZE}} Prague Raptors | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2–0''' (Stadio Romeo Neri) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2022–23 |rowspan="4"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="2"| Rukunin A | {{fbaicon|BEL}} KSK Beveren | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–3 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|ESP}} CD Cuenca-Mestallistes | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 12–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–5 |- | Wasan kusa da ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|DEN}} BK Skjold | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| '''3–2''' (Arena Civica) |- | Wasan neman matsayi na uku | {{fbaicon|ITA}} Brera | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1–0''' (San Siro) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2023–24 |rowspan="4"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="2"| Rukunin C | {{fbaicon|POL}} Krakow Dragoons | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 14–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–4 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|FRA}} Vinsky FC | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 0–4 |- | Wasan kusa da ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|ENG}} Lewes | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1–0''' (Desenzano del Garda) |- | Ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|CZE}} Prague Raptors | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''4–0''' (Desenzano del Garda) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2024–25 |rowspan="4"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="1"| Zagaye na 16 | {{fbaicon|CZE}} Prague Raptors | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 5–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 0–3 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;" rowspan=1 | '''8–0''' |- | rowspan="1"| Quarter-final | {{fbaicon|MNE}} FC Fans United | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;" rowspan=1 | '''4–2''' |- | Wasan kusa da ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|ENG}} Avro | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2–1''' (Lake Iseo) |- | Ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|SCO}} Caledonian Braves | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| '''3–1''' (Lake Iseo) |- |} ekzyh9b5v21njg9iahvskm32ujuotek 961758 961755 2026-10-02T06:59:24Z Sirjat 20447 /* A gasannin Turai */ 961758 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. ==Magoya baya== Kusan mambobi 2,000 ne suka mallaki F.C. United<ref>{{Cite web |title=Membership {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/membership |access-date=2025-08-28 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref>, kuma kulob din shi ne na uku mafi girma a Birtaniya wajen yawan mambobi a cikin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da magoya bayansu suka mallaka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.co.uk/news/hearts-become-uks-largest-fan-24873358 |title=Hearts become UK's largest fan-owned club |date=31 August 2021 }}</ref><ref name="nonleaguepaper">{{cite news |url=http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |title=FC United of Manchester general manager Andy Walsh to step down |author=Steven Coney |date=23 March 2016 |work=The Non-League Paper |publisher=Greenways Publishing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508041739/http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |archive-date=8 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Kowane memba yana iya kada ƙuri'a kan yadda ake gudanar da kulob din, ciki har da zaɓen mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa, ƙirar rigunan wasa, da farashin tikitin kakar wasa.<ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An san magoya bayan F.C. United da yawan waƙoƙin da suke rerawa yayin wasanni, kuma kafafen yaɗa labarai sun yaba da yanayin da magoya bayan ke samarwa.<ref>{{cite news |author=Tony Howard |title=We all know that Torpey wears a thong |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |work=The Guardian |date=26 October 2005 |access-date=26 October 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164249/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |title=F.C. United's impossible dream goes on |author=Julian Coman |work=The Guardian |date=7 November 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164353/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Tim Rich |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |title=Bennett ends F.C. United's dream but supporters remain on song |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |date=9 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164536/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Rory Smith |title=F.C. United of Manchester 0 Brighton and Hove Albion 4: match report |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=8 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164702/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> A kakar wasansu na farko ([[2005–06 in English football|2005–06]]), F.C. United ya kasance kulob din da ke da matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na biyu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila da ba na manyan lig-lig ba, inda matsakaicin masu kallo ya kasance 3,059, kuma shi ne kulob na 87 mafi yawan magoya baya a dukkan rukunan gasar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2005–06 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306021603/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Yawan masu kallo ya ragu a cikin kakar wasanni biyu na gaba, inda suka kasance kulob na 92 mafi yawan masu kallo a 2006–07, da na 100 a 2007–08.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2006–07 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=14 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232134/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2007–08 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040905/http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Daga nan matsakaicin yawan masu kallon wasannin lig ya daidaita zuwa kusan 2,000 a kowane wasa,<ref>{{cite web |title=Northern Premier League Premier Division Attendances 2009–10 and 2010–11 |author=Mike Avery |website=mikeavery.co.uk |url=http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |year=2011 |access-date=5 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320060226/http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |archive-date=20 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> kafin ya tashi zuwa matsakaicin 2,155 a 2014–15, wanda a lokacin shi ne matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na bakwai mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=26 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426142738/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> Bayan komawa Broadhurst Park a watan Mayu 2015, kulob din ya samu matsakaicin masu kallo 3,394 a 2015–16, wanda ya ƙaru da sama da kashi 57% idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata, kuma ya kasance matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na huɗu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=14 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501132430/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=1 May 2016}}</ref> ==Tsari== F.C. United yana aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar al'umma mai amfani ga jama'a.<ref name="fc-waw"/> Ana samun zama memba ta hanyar biyan kuɗin shekara na £25 ga kulob din (£5 ga yara), amma kowane memba yana samun kaso ɗaya ne kawai a kulob din kuma yana da damar kada ƙuri'a ɗaya a tarurruka, ba tare da la'akari da adadin kuɗin da ya bayar ba.<ref name="Manifesto">{{cite web |title=The Manifesto: Who We Are and What We Mean |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=11 December 2005 |archive-date=9 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409123223/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Membership">{{cite web |title=Membership of F.C. United of Manchester |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518230947/http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kwamitin gudanarwa ya ƙunshi mambobi har guda 11 waɗanda membobin kulob din ke zaɓe.<ref name="board-announced">{{cite web |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=6 July 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Babban jami'in zartarwa ne ke kula da ayyukan yau da kullum na kulob din; Andy Walsh, wanda yana daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa F.C. United, an naɗa shi a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2005.<ref name="nonleaguepaper" /> Ya sauka daga wannan matsayi a ƙarshen Yuni 2016.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |title=Key founder of FC United to stand down after 11 years |author=Paul Britton |date=23 March 2016 |work=Manchester Evening News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513221101/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |archive-date=13 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Damian Chadwick, wani daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kulob din, ya fara wannan matsayi a watan Nuwamba 2016. Chadwick ya sauka a shekarar 2018, kuma Paul Smith ya maye gurbinsa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |title=Welcome Damian Chadwick, FC United's new CEO |date=7 November 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111000632/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=11 November 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2023 an ɗauki Danny Davis aiki a matsayin Babban Manaja.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}} Manufar kulob din ta ƙunshi waɗannan muhimman ƙa'idoji:<ref name="Manifesto" /> # Membobin kulob din za su zaɓi Kwamitin gudanarwa ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya; # Za a yanke shawarar membobi bisa tsarin memba ɗaya, ƙuri'a ɗaya; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa alaƙa da al'ummar yankin kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa mai sauƙin shiga ga kowa, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga kowa ba; # Kulob din zai yi ƙoƙarin sanya farashin shiga ya kasance mai sauƙin biya gwargwadon iko, ga mutane masu yawa; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa matasa na yankin su shiga — wajen wasa da kuma mara wa kulob din baya — duk lokacin da zai yiwu; # Kwamitin gudanarwa zai yi ƙoƙari, a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya guji kasuwanci kai tsaye; # Kulob din zai kasance ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wadda ba ta neman riba. Kulob din yana karɓar tallafi daga masu ɗaukar nauyi amma ba ya barin a nuna tambarin masu ɗaukar nauyin a kan rigunan 'yan wasan.<ref name="Club sponsor"/> Babban mai ɗaukar nauyin kulob din a farkon kakar 2005–06 shi ne Bhopal Medical Appeal, yayin da a kakar 2006–07 kuma Williams BMW Group ne.<ref name="Bhopal">{{cite web |title=Bhopal Medical Appeal Collection |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=26 September 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120921/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Simon Donohue |title=F.C. United hires ad agency |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=5 December 2006 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120443/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Tsakanin 2011 da 2016, mxData, wani kamfanin Manchester da ke haɓaka manhajojin wayar hannu, ne ya ɗauki nauyin F.C. United.<ref name="Club sponsor"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |title=mxData signs new community sponsorship deal with FC United|date=3 August 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902093417/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |archive-date=2 September 2016 |url-status=live|access-date=2 September 2016}}</ref> A watan Oktoba 2014, F.C. United ya zama kulob din ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Birtaniya da Living Wage Foundation ta amince da shi a matsayin mai ɗaukar ma'aikata da ke biyan albashin rayuwa.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |title=FC United beat Premier League giants to first football club awarded Living Wage employer title |author=Luke Marino |date=17 October 2014 |work=Mancunian Matters |publisher=News Associates |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524143539/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |archive-date=24 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2016}}</ref> ==Suka== An soki F.C. United da waɗanda suka kafa shi, kuma magoya bayan Manchester United da kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bayyana ra'ayoyi daban-daban a kansu; wasu magoya baya suna kallon waɗanda suka zaɓi barin Manchester United domin bin F.C. United a matsayin "masu cin amana".<ref>{{cite news|title=Manchester United supporters still hold club's heart and soul dear not their bottom line |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html|date=19 February 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Jim |last=White |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120602/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=F.C. United: A punk football fairytale |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale|date=21 November 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Julian|last=Coman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164659/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kocin Manchester United Sir Alex Ferguson ya tambayi amincin magoya bayan da suka yanke shawarar kafa kulob din da kuma dalilin kafa F.C. United a cikin wani littafi na shekarar 2006:<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart|last=Brennan|title=Fergie lays into F.C. United |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382|date=5 September 2006|access-date=27 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415165104/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{blockquote|text=Na yi nadama game da hakan. Wannan ɓangaren yana da ɗan ban tausayi, amma ina mamakin yadda suke da girman goyon bayan United. A ganina, suna ƙoƙarin tallata ko nuna kansu ne maimakon su ce, "a ƙarshe dai kulob din ya yanke shawara, za mu tsaya tare da shi." Abin ya fi shafar su ne fiye da mu.|sign=Sir Alex Ferguson|source=''The Official Manchester United Diary of the Season'' (2006)}} Tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Eric Cantona ya nuna goyon bayansa ga kulob din, yana bayyana cewa suna da "babbar shawara" kuma yana fatan F.C. United zai "zama babban kulob kuma ya lashe Kofin Turai bayan shekaru 50".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|title=Eric Cantona: I didn't punch him strong enough. I should have punched him harder|last=Mitten|first=Andy|date=22 January 2015|work=FourFourTwo|publisher=Haymarket Media Group|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111527/http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|archive-date=25 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, yana da shekaru 43, ya ce zai kasance a shirye ya buga wa kulob din wasa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|title=Cantona: I would play for FC United|date=19 April 2010|work=Manchester Evening News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514115159/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Steve Coppell, wanda ya kasance winger na Manchester United tsakanin 1975 da 1983, ya shiga kulob din a matsayin abokin mallaka a watan Afrilu 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|title=Detroit City FC to welcome United legend Steve Coppell for FC United match|date=21 April 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514120500/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Mambobin F.C. United da kansu ma sun soki kulob din saboda barin wasu daga cikin ƙa'idojinsa, ciki har da amincewa da ɗaukar hoto tare da wani ministan gwamnati na Conservative Party a watan Oktoba 2015, duk da manufar kulob din na cewa kada a yi amfani da shi wajen tallata siyasa, kuma hakan ya faru kwana guda bayan wasu membobin kulob din sun shiga wata zanga-zanga kan rage kashe kuɗin gwamnati a Manchester.<ref name="disharmony-guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|title=FC United of Manchester: how the togetherness turned into disharmony|last=Taylor|first=Daniel|date=31 March 2016|work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505171530/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|archive-date=5 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="siege-mancmatters">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|title='Siege mentality': FC United supporters attack state of democracy at fan-owned club|last=Ford|first=Matt|date=20 April 2016|work=Mancunian Matters|publisher=News Associates|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421115110/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|archive-date=21 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> F.C. United ya kare ziyarar da cewa "wani muhimmin ɓangare" ne na samar da hanyoyin kuɗi ga masu sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa, yana mai cewa hakan zai taimaka wa wakilan gwamnati su fahimci fa'idodi da ƙalubalen zuba jari na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|title=Treasury minister visits Broadhurst Park to see benefits of social investment at FC United|date=7 October 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514111811/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|archive-date=14 May 2016|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Editan shirin kulob din ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa a watan Yuni 2015 saboda ƙarin farashin shirin na lokaci guda a wasan farko na Broadhurst Park da Benfica a watan da ya gabata; shawarar Kwamitin da aka bayyana cewa ta karya ƙa'idar kafa kulob din ta guje wa kasuwanci kai tsaye.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A lokacin kuma an soki F.C. United saboda gibin dimokuraɗiyya, bayyana gaskiya da ɗaukar alhaki tsakanin jami'an kulob din da membobinsa.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A shekarar 2016, zanga-zangar magoya baya ta sa wasu mambobin Kwamitin suka sauka daga mukamansu, sannan aka kira Taron Babban Taro na Gaggawa (EGM) domin zaɓen sabon Kwamitin. Zanga-zangar ta kai ga wasu magoya baya sun shiga filin wasa yayin wasan gida na ƙarshe na kakar 2015–16, suna neman sauran mambobin Kwamitin da ake ganin suna da alhakin rashin dimokuraɗiyya da bayyana gaskiya a kulob din su yi murabus.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters">{{cite web|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|title='An air of optimism': Board changes could signal return of happiness at FC United|work=Matt Ford|publisher=Mancunian Matters|date=9 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710142026/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|archive-date=10 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Mambobin Kwamitin guda uku sun yi murabus cikin mako guda bayan zanga-zangar da aka yi a filin wasa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|title=Club statement: Three FC United board members to resign|date=6 May 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727172937/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> tare da jami'in hulɗa da manema labarai da sadarwa na kulob din.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|title=Club press and communications officer to step down|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727173134/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni, an gudanar da EGM kuma aka zaɓi sabon Kwamitin da ya ƙunshi mambobi 11, lamarin da ya haifar da "yanayin ci gaba da kuma fata" tsakanin membobin kulob din.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters" /> ==Ƙididdiga da tarihin wasanni== [[File:RoryPatterson.jpg|thumb|[[Rory Patterson]] ya zura ƙwallaye 99 a dukkan gasa da ya buga wa F.C. United. Daga baya ya wakilci Northern Ireland.|alt=Rory Patterson cikin jan kayan wasan gida na F.C. United yana wasa a filin wasa, a gaban gine-ginen bulo.]] Jerome Wright ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan wasannin da aka buga wa F.C. United, inda ya buga wasanni 400 {{As of|2018|March|lc=y}}.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Tom Greaves ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura wa kulob ɗin, da ƙwallaye 102 a dukkan gasa, ciki har da 86 a gasar lig da 16 a wasannin kofuna {{As of|2018|January|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|title=All time players statistics|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-date=22 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122005546/http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|url-status=live}}</ref> Wasu 'yan wasa shida, [[Rory Patterson]], Mike Norton, [[Matthew Wolfenden (footballer)|Matthew Wolfenden]], Jerome Wright, Simon Carden da Stuart Rudd, su ma sun zura ƙwallaye sama da 50 wa kulob ɗin.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Rudd ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a kakar wasa guda, inda ya zura ƙwallaye 45 a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="fcunitedRU">{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|title=Records and trophies|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403225619/http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|archive-date=3 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=11 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi yawan maki da ƙungiyar ta samu a kakar wasa guda shi ne maki 112 a kakar 2006–07, yayin da mafi yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura a kakar wasa guda su ne 157, waɗanda aka zura a wasanni 42 a kakar 2006–07.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|title=F.C. United of Manchester|publisher=Football Club History Database|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074859/http://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|access-date=12 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi kyawun sakamakon kulob ɗin a gasar FA Cup shi ne kaiwa zagaye na biyu a kakar 2010–11. Bayan nasarar 3–2 a zagaye na farko a kan [[Rochdale A.F.C.|Rochdale]], F.C. United ta tashi 1–1 da [[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a waje, lamarin da ya tilasta a sake buga wasan a gida, inda suka sha kashi da ci 0–4.<ref name="brighton-loss" /> Daga baya ƙungiyar ta sake kaiwa zagayen farko na FA Cup sau biyu, inda ta sha kashi da ci 1–4 a kakar 2015–16 a hannun [[Chesterfield F.C.|Chesterfield]]<ref name="chesterfield-loss" /> da ci 1–5 a kakar 2020–21 a hannun [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]. A kakar 2006–07, F.C. United ta kai zagaye na uku na [[FA Vase]], bayan ta doke [[Padiham F.C.|Padiham]] da [[Salford City F.C.|Salford City]] a zagayen farko da na biyu, amma ta sha kashi da ci 2–3 a gida a hannun [[Quorn F.C.|Quorn]] bayan ƙarin lokaci.<ref name="quorn-loss" /> A kakar 2014–15, ta kai zagaye na huɗu na [[2014–15 FA Trophy|FA Trophy]], bayan ta doke [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]], [[Chorley F.C.|Chorley]] da [[AFC Fylde]] a zagayen farko uku, kafin ta sha kashi da ci 0–1 a waje a hannun [[Torquay United F.C.|Torquay United]].<ref name="torquay-loss">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|title=F.C. United of Manchester 1–0 Torquay United match report|last=Haley|first=Matthew|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|url-status=live|access-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417093921/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|archive-date=17 April 2016}}</ref> Babbar nasarar F.C. United a tarihin gasar lig ita ce ta 10–2 a kan [[Rochdale Town F.C.|Castleton Gabriels]] a ranar 10 Disamba 2005 a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]]; Simon Carden ya zura biyar daga cikin ƙwallayen, wanda shi ne tarihin kulob ɗin na yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a wasa guda.<ref name="fcunitedRU" /> F.C. United ta samu nasarar cin wasa da tazarar ƙwallaye takwas a wasu lokuta uku, a wasannin da ta ci [[Squires Gate F.C.|Squires Gate]], [[Glossop North End A.F.C.|Glossop North End]] da [[Nelson F.C.|Nelson]] da ci 8–0, duk a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Babbar rashin nasarar kulob ɗin a gasar lig ita ce ta 0–6 a waje a hannun [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]] a ranar 10 Maris 2018 a National League North.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Mafi yawan masu kallo da suka halarci wasan F.C. United a gida su ne 6,731 a wasan da suka buga da Brighton a zagaye na biyu na FA Cup na kakar 2010–11 a ranar 8 Disamba 2010, da kuma 6,023 a wasan da suka buga da [[Great Harwood Town F.C.|Great Harwood Town]] a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a ranar 22 Afrilu 2006, dukkan wasannin a [[Gigg Lane]].<ref name="F.C. United records" /> =='Yan wasa== {{Category see also|LABEL=For a category of notable former players, see|Category:F.C. United of Manchester players}} ===Tawagar farko=== [[File:FC United September 2011.jpg|thumb|'Yan wasan F.C. United a shekarar 2011 suna gode wa magoya baya saboda goyon bayansu|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United takwas a gefen yankin bugun fanareti bayan wasa. 'Yan wasa shida daga cikinsu suna tafa wa magoya baya.]] {{updated|18 August 2026}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad – Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=18 August 2026|website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=Dan Atherton}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Devine}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Declan Evans}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Charlie Hayes-Green}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=CZE|pos=DF|name=Jan Palinkas}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=[[Nathan Snowball]]|other=on loan from [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Thomson}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Michael Donohue]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Paul Ennis|Charlie Ennis]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|captain]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Fearnley}} {{fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Ruben Grewal}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Grivosti}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Arran Pettifer]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Hamed Sidibe}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Adam Sudworth}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Andre Wisdom]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=Jordan Buckley}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ZAM|pos=FW|name=Donald Chimalilo}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Adam Le Fondre]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Gerald Sithole]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Niall Watson]]|other=on loan from [[Hednesford Town F.C.|Hednesford Town]]}} {{Fs end}} ====A aro==== {{Fs start}} {{Fs end}} ===Wakilcin ƙasashe=== F.C. United ta taimaka wajen samar da 'yan wasa da dama da suka shiga harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa; babban mai zura ƙwallayen kulob ɗin a tarihi, [[Rory Patterson]], daga baya ya buga wasa kuma ya zura ƙwallaye wa [[Northern Ireland national football team|Northern Ireland a babban matakin ƙasa da ƙasa]], yayin da ɗan wasan gaba [[Matthew Walwyn]] ya fara buga wa [[Saint Kitts and Nevis national football team|Saint Kitts and Nevis]] wasa a wasan sada zumunci da [[Andorra national football team|Andorra]] a Nuwamba 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |title=Coleraine's Rory Patterson is in Northern Ireland squad |publisher=BBC News |date=22 February 2010 |access-date=17 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208040131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |archive-date=8 February 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season=2016/matches/round=2000582/match=2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html |title=Friendlies 2014–16 – Andorra–St. Kitts |date=12 November 2015 |publisher=UEFA |access-date=11 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511233502/http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season%3D2016/matches/round%3D2000582/match%3D2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html|archive-date=11 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ƙungiyar matasa ta F.C. United ta samu wakilci a tawagar 'yan makarantar England ta hannun Scott Cheetham a shekarar 2011<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |title=F.C. United youngster shocked by England call-up |work=Manchester Evening News |date=20 January 2011 |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417130812/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> sannan a shekarar 2013, kulob ɗin ya ɗauki ɗan wasan baya na [[Pakistan national men's football team|tawagar ƙasar Pakistan]] [[Amjad Iqbal]] daga [[Bradford Park Avenue F.C.|Bradford Park Avenue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |title=FC United ready for trip to Witton for Trophy tie |date=18 October 2013 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018132129/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |archive-date=18 October 2013 |url-status=live |access-date=2 June 2016}}</ref> Sauran 'yan wasan F.C. United da suka buga wa ƙasashensu wasa sun haɗa da [[Stephen O'Halloran]] (Jamhuriyar Ireland), [[Ludovic Quistin]] (Guadeloupe), [[Jason St Juste]] da [[Jacob Hazel]] (dukansu Saint Kitts and Nevis). ==Ma'aikatan horarwa== [[File:Karl Marginson.jpg|upright|thumb|[[Karl Marginson]] ya kasance manajan F.C. United na tsawon shekaru 12, daga kafuwar kulob ɗin zuwa shekarar 2017.|alt=Karl Marginson, manajan da ya fi kowa dadewa a matsayin manajan F.C. United, yana tsaye a gefen filin ƙwallon ƙafa yana kallon wasa.]] Bayan kafuwar F.C. United, kulob ɗin ya naɗa [[Karl Marginson]] a matsayin manajansa. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa karin matsayi sau huɗu, lashe kofunan lig uku, kofunan lig biyu da kofin gunduma guda. Ya bar kulob ɗin bisa yarjejeniyar juna a watan Oktoba 2017 bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2017–18. An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves, wanda ya karɓi matsayin [[Player-coach|manajan ɗan wasa]] na wucin gadi, kafin a mayar da naɗin nasa na dindindin a ranar 21 Nuwamba 2017.<ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|title=Karl Marginson: FC United of Manchester part company with first boss after 12 years |publisher=BBC |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205657/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="greaves-manager">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greaves ya yi murabus a watan Agusta 2018, kuma aka maye gurbinsa da Dave Chadwick a matsayin manajan riƙo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> Daga nan aka naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin manaja a ranar 18 Oktoba 2018,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> matsayin da ya riƙe har zuwa ranar 11 Satumba 2024,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Club Statement: Neil Reynolds Departs as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/club-statement-neil-reynolds-departs-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> lokacin da aka sauke shi daga mukaminsa bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2024–25. An maye gurbinsa da tsohon manajan [[Warrington Town F.C.|Warrington Town]], [[Mark Beesley]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Turner |first=Matt |date=2026-04-28 |title=A play-off meeting that was written in the stars for Rylands boss? |url=https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/sport/26056456.warrington-rylands-boss-face-old-club-play-off-clash/ |access-date=2026-08-12 |website=[[Warrington Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref> ===Jerin manajoji=== ''Bayanin ya yi daidai da wasan da aka buga a ranar 12 Maris 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FC Utd Managers List|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=4658&teamTabs=managers|access-date=2 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> Ana ƙirga wasannin gasa kawai.'' ;Ma'ana * Ana kawo sunayen [[caretaker manager|manajoji na riƙo]] inda aka san su, kuma ana rubuta sunayen manajoji na riƙo da ''italics'' tare da alamar tauraro (*). * Ana kawo sunayen [[Player-coach|manajoji 'yan wasa]] inda aka san su, kuma ana sanya musu alamar takobi biyu ({{double-dagger}}). {|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- |+Jerin manajojin F.C. United of Manchester |- !scope="col"|Suna !scope="col"|Ƙasa !scope="col"|Daga !scope="col"|Zuwa !scope="col"|Wasanni !scope="col"|Nasara !scope="col"|Canjaras{{#tag:ref|Ana ƙirga wasannin da aka yanke ta hanyar [[Penalty shoot-out (association football)|bugun fanareti]] a matsayin canjaras.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Rashin nasara !scope="col"|Kashi%{{#tag:ref|Ana [[Rounding|zagaye]] Kashi% zuwa wurare [[Decimal|biyu]] na goma.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Girmamawa !scope="col" class="unsortable"|{{Abbr|Refs.|Manazarta}} |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Karl|Marginson}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2005|6|22}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} {{WDL|450|215|96|139}} |[[Northern Premier League Premier Division]]:<br>Zakara: [[2014–15 Northern Premier League#Premier Division|2014–15]]<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2010–11 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2010–11]], [[2011–12 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2012–13]]<br>[[Northern Premier League Division One North]]:<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Division One North|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Playoffs 2|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Northern Premier League President's Cup]]: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Cup Contests|2007–08]]<br>Zakaran [[North West Counties Football League|North West Counties League]] Division One: [[2006–07 North West Counties Football League#Division One|2006–07]]<br>Masu nasara a [[North West Counties Football League#League Cup winners|North West Counties League Challenge Cup]]: 2006–07<br>Zakaran North West Counties League Division Two: [[2005–06 North West Counties Football League#Division Two|2005–06]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2016–17<br>Masu nasara a Supporters Direct Cup: 2006 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karl Marginson|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=3049|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}}''* {{double-dagger}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} {{WDL||||}} | |<ref name="Tom Greaves">{{Cite web|title=Tom Greaves|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4628|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} {{WDL|35|12|6|17}} |Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2017–18 |<ref name="Tom Greaves"/> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|David|Chadwick|David Chadwick (football manager)}}''* |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} {{WDL|6|0|3|3}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|title=David Chadwick|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4940|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Neil|Reynolds|Neil Reynolds (football manager)}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2024|9|11}} {{WDL|114|45|26|43}} |Masu nasara a Brian Lomax Trophy: 2021 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Neil Reynolds|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4962|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- ![[Mark Beesley]] |{{ENG}} |22 Satumba 2024 |Yanzu | | | | | | | |} ===Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu=== {|class="wikitable" |- !Suna !Matsayi |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Mark Beesley]] |Manaja |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[David Raven (footballer)|David Raven]] |Mataimakin manaja |- |{{flagicon|CAN}} Callum Greenwood |Mai horar da masu tsaron gida |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Olivia Smith |Babbar ma'aikaciyar jinya ta ƙungiyar |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Joseph Winskill |Mai kula da kayan wasa |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Elsie Baxter |Mai horar da tawagar mata |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Mark Thomas |Mataimakin babban koci |- |colspan="2"|Madogara:<ref name="F.C. United Squad">{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|title=First Team Squad|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=19 August 2021|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204015106/http://fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2|title=Reserve Squad|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=13 November 2015|access-date=13 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311042137/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2 |archive-date=11 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad - Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester appoints Mark Beesley as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-of-manchester-appoints-mark-beesley-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> |} ==Girmamawa== F.C. United sun lashe kofunan gasar lig guda uku, kofunan lig guda biyu da kofunan gunduma guda biyu a tarihinsu.<ref name="F.C. honours">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/honours.php |title=F.C. United honours |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408231141/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_honours.php |archive-date=8 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:FC United NWCFL2 trophy.jpg|thumb|F.C. United sun zama zakarun [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a kakar su ta farko (2005–06).|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United sun taru a kusa da kofin North West Counties League Division Two yayin da magoya baya ke daukar hotuna.]] '''Northern Premier League Premier Division''' ** Zakarun [[2014–15 Northern Premier League#Premier Division|2014–15]] ** Masu matsayi na biyu a wasannin neman gurbin shiga matakin gaba [[2010–11 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2010–11]], [[2011–12 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2012–13]] '''Northern Premier League Division One North''' ** Masu matsayi na biyu [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Division One North|2007–08]] ** Masu nasara a wasannin neman gurbin shiga matakin gaba [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Playoffs 2|2007–08]] '''Northern Premier League President's Cup''' ** Masu nasara [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Cup Contests|2007–08]] '''North West Counties League Division One''' ** Zakarun [[2006–07 North West Counties Football League#Division One|2006–07]] '''North West Counties League Division Two''' ** Zakarun [[2005–06 North West Counties Football League#Division Two|2005–06]] '''North West Counties League Challenge Cup''' ** Masu nasara 2006–07 '''Fenix Trophy''' ** Masu nasara 2021–22, [[2023–24 Fenix Trophy|2023–24]] '''Manchester Premier Cup''' ** Masu nasara 2016–17, 2017–18 '''Supporters Direct Cup''' ** Masu nasara 2006 '''Brian Lomax Trophy''' ** Masu nasara 2021 ==Kundin tarihi== *'''Mafi kyawun sakamako a [[FA Cup]]:''' Zagaye na biyu, 2010–11<ref name=FCHD1>{{fchd|id=FCUNITED|name=FC United of Manchester}}</ref> *'''Mafi kyawun sakamako a [[FA Trophy]]:''' Quarter Final, 2014–15<ref name=FCHD1/> *'''Mafi kyawun sakamako a [[FA Vase]]:''' Zagaye na uku, 2006–07<ref name=FCHD1/> ==A gasannin Turai== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !scope="col"|Kaka !scope="col"|Gasa !scope="col"|Zagaye !scope="col"|Abokan hamayya !scope="col"|Gida !scope="col"|Waje !scope="col"|Jimilla |- !rowspan="3" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2021–22 |rowspan="3"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="2"| Rukunin B | {{fbaicon|POL}} AKS Zły | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 10–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–6 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|ITA}} Brera | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–3 |- | Ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|CZE}} Prague Raptors | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2–0''' (Stadio Romeo Neri) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2022–23 |rowspan="4"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="2"| Rukunin A | {{fbaicon|BEL}} KSK Beveren | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–3 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|ESP}} CD Cuenca-Mestallistes | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 12–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–5 |- | Wasan kusa da ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|DEN}} BK Skjold | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| '''3–2''' (Arena Civica) |- | Wasan neman matsayi na uku | {{fbaicon|ITA}} Brera | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1–0''' (San Siro) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2023–24 |rowspan="4"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="2"| Rukunin C | {{fbaicon|POL}} Krakow Dragoons | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 14–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–4 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|FRA}} Vinsky FC | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 0–4 |- | Wasan kusa da ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|ENG}} Lewes | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1–0''' (Desenzano del Garda) |- | Ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|CZE}} Prague Raptors | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''4–0''' (Desenzano del Garda) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2024–25 |rowspan="4"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="1"| Zagaye na 16 | {{fbaicon|CZE}} Prague Raptors | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 5–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 0–3 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;" rowspan=1 | '''8–0''' |- | rowspan="1"| Quarter-final | {{fbaicon|MNE}} FC Fans United | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;" rowspan=1 | '''4–2''' |- | Wasan kusa da ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|ENG}} Avro | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2–1''' (Lake Iseo) |- | Ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|SCO}} Caledonian Braves | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| '''3–1''' (Lake Iseo) |- |} ==Ƙungiyar mata== Ƙungiyar matan F.C. United ta fara buga wasa a kakar 2012–13. Sun kammala a matsayi na biyu a [[Greater Manchester Women's Football League]], a bayan Manchester City Ladies.<ref name="GMWFL 2012-13">{{cite web|url=http://full-time.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do?psSelectedSeason=969786454&psSelectedDivision=4395233&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=1921716|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518200211/http://full-time.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do?psSelectedSeason=969786454&psSelectedDivision=4395233&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=1921716|url-status=dead|title=Greater Manchester Women's Football League 2012–13|work=FA Full Time|publisher=The Football Association|year=2013|access-date=31 May 2015|archive-date=18 May 2018}}</ref> Haka kuma sun kai wasan ƙarshe na GMWFL League Cup, amma Manchester City Ladies ta doke su da ci 0–1.<ref name="GMWFL 2012-13"/> Bayan sun sake kammala a matsayi na biyu a kakar 2013–14,<ref name="GMWFL 2013-14">{{cite web|url=http://full-time.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do?psSelectedSeason=793761654&psSelectedDivision=4395233&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=1921716|title=Greater Manchester Women's Football League 2013–14|work=FA Full Time|publisher=The Football Association|year=2014|access-date=31 May 2015}}{{Dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar lig da kofin a shekarar 2015, inda ta samu damar hawa zuwa [[North West Women's Regional Football League]] Division One South.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6189|title=Women's team complete league and cup double after 3–0 final win over Little Lever|work=fc-utd.co.uk |first=Rob |last=Fullen |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=10 May 2015|access-date=31 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6189 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Sun kammala a matsayi na biyu a kakar wasanni biyu da suka biyo baya, a bayan MSB Woolton Ladies a 2015–16 da Merseyrail Bootle a 2016–17, inda suka lashe kofin lig da kofin gunduma a kakar ta ƙarshe.<ref name="regional15-16">{{cite web|url=http://full-time.thefa.com/Index.do?divisionseason=814381369&league=4674028|title=North West Women's Regional League Division One South 2015–16|year=2016|work=FA Full Time|publisher=The Football Association|access-date=11 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202113020/http://full-time.thefa.com/Index.do?divisionseason=814381369&league=4674028|archive-date=2 February 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="regional16-17">{{cite web|url=http://full-time.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do;jsessionid=110E5D0E16DF1B14E5B8FA709EAA9D23?psSelectedSeason=914023650&psSelectedDivision=5756983&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=4674028|title=North West Women's Regional Football League Division One South 2016–17|access-date=3 September 2017|work=FA Full Time|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120627022727/http://full-time.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do|archive-date=27 June 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7456|title=FC's Women complete Cup Double in 10 goal thriller on Merseyside|work=fc-utd.co.uk |first=Rob |last=Fullen |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=17 May 2017|access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518103611/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7456 |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> A kakar 2017–18, ƙungiyar ta lashe kambunta na farko na Treble, inda ta kare kambun lig da na gunduma tare da samun damar hawa zuwa North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division bayan ta kammala kakar lig ba tare da an doke ta ba.<ref name="regional17-18">{{cite web|url=http://fulltime-league.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do?psSelectedSeason=804350446&psSelectedDivision=5756983&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=4674028|title=North West Women's Regional Football League Division One South 2017–18|access-date=18 May 2018|work=FA Full Time|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225150639/https://fulltime-league.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do?psSelectedSeason=804350446&psSelectedDivision=5756983&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=4674028|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7896|title=FC's Women end league campaign unbeaten with a 10–1 victory at Curzon |work=fc-utd.co.uk |first=Rob |last=Fullen |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=12 May 2018|access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518105117/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7896 |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7906|title=Treble Heaven for FC's Women in thrilling League Cup Final Victory|work=fc-utd.co.uk |first=Rob |last=Fullen |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=16 May 2018|access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518101842/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7906 |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Bayan kakar wasanni biyu da aka dakatar saboda [[COVID-19 pandemic]] ba tare da samun hawa ko sauka ba,<ref>{{Cite web|date=15 March 2021|title=FA PROVIDES UPDATE ON TIERS 3–6 OF THE WOMEN'S FOOTBALL PYRAMID|url=https://www.thefa.com/news/2021/mar/15/womens-football-board-update-20210315|access-date=28 December 2021}}</ref> F.C. United na daga cikin ƙungiyoyin mata da suka samu damar hawa zuwa wani mataki ta hanyar tsarin neman gurbi. A sakamakon haka, ƙungiyar ta kai mataki na huɗu a karon farko a tarihinta.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FC United's women's team accepted into National League Division One North|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-uniteds-womens-team-accepted-into-national-league-division-one-north|access-date=2021-12-28|website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> A kakar 2023–24, an mayar da su zuwa North West Women's Regional Football League. A halin yanzu Elsie Baxter ce ke horar da ƙungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elsie Baxter Appointed as FC United Women’s First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/elsie-baxter-appointed-as-fc-united-womens-first-team-manager |access-date=2026-08-28 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" |+ Tarihin gasar lig da kofuna na matan F.C. United of Manchester |- ! Kaka !! Rabe-rabe !! [[English football league system|Mataki]] !! Matsayi !! Matsakaicin yawan masu kallo !! Mafi yawan zura ƙwallo a lig !! [[Women's FA Cup|FA Cup]] !! Kofi |- | 2012–13 || [[Greater Manchester Women's Football League]] Premier Division<ref name="thefa.com">{{cite web|url=http://full-time.thefa.com/Index.do?league=1921716|title=Greater Manchester Women's Football League|work=FA Full Time|publisher=The Football Association|access-date=29 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815075739/http://full-time.thefa.com/Index.do?league=1921716|archive-date=15 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> || 7 || 2/9 || — || — || — || Ƙarshe |- | 2013–14 || Greater Manchester Women's Football League Division One<ref name="thefa.com" /> || 7 || 2/7 || — || — || — || Wasan kusa da ƙarshe (Challenge Cup)<br />Masu nasara (League Cup)^# |- bgcolor="#ace1af" | 2014–15 || Greater Manchester Women's Football League Division One<ref name="thefa.com" /> || 7 || 1/6 || — || — || — || Masu nasara (Challenge Cup)<br />Wasan kusa da ƙarshe (League Cup) |- | 2015–16 || [[North West Women's Regional Football League]] Division One South<ref name="regional15-16" /> || 6 || 2/8 || — || — || — || Masu matsayi na biyu (Manchester FA Cup) |- | 2016–17 || North West Women's Regional Football League Division One South<ref name="regional16-17" /><ref>{{cite web|title=F.C. United Women 2016–17 results|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=3 September 2017|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2016&team=4|archive-date=14 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614035730/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2016&team=4|url-status=live}}</ref> || 6 || 2/12 || — || — || [[2016–17 FA Women's Cup#Third round qualifying|3QR]] || Masu nasara (Manchester FA Cup)<br />Masu nasara (Argyle Cup) |- bgcolor="#ace1af" | 2017–18 || North West Women's Regional Football League Division One South<ref name="regional17-18" /><ref>{{cite web|title=F.C. United Women 2017–18 results|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=18 May 2018|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2017&team=4|archive-date=14 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614040331/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2017&team=4|url-status=live}}</ref> || 6 || 1/10 || 115 || Jessica Battle (46) || [[2017–18 FA Women's Cup#Second round qualifying|2QR]] || Masu nasara (Manchester FA Cup)<br />Masu nasara (Argyle Cup) |- | 2018–19 || North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division<ref name="regional18-19">{{cite web|url=http://fulltime-league.thefa.com/Index.do?divisionseason=639749502&league=4674028|title=North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division 2018–19|access-date=23 September 2019|work=FA Full Time|archive-date=24 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224143643/https://fulltime-league.thefa.com/Index.do?divisionseason=639749502&league=4674028|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="FCUM18-19">{{cite web|title=F.C. United Women 2018–19 results|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=23 September 2019|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2018&team=4|archive-date=19 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819202453/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2018&team=4|url-status=live}}</ref> || 5 || 2/11 || 105 || Jessica Battle (32) || [[2018–19 Women's FA Cup#First round proper|R1]] || Masu nasara (Manchester FA Cup)<br />Masu nasara (Argyle Cup) |- | 2019–20 || North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division<ref>{{Cite web|title=North West Womens Regional League|url=https://fulltime.thefa.com/index.html?selectedSeason=660391456&selectedFixtureGroupAgeGroup=0&selectedDivision=319275546&selectedCompetition=0|access-date=2021-12-28|publisher=The Football Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Association|first=The Football|title=Chelsea Women awarded Barclays FA WSL title and Aston Villa win Women's Championship|url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2020/jun/05/fa-womens-super-league-and-womens-championship-2019-20-seasons-decided-on-ppg-basis-050620|access-date=2021-12-28|publisher=The Football Association}}</ref> || 5 || N/A{{#tag:ref|An soke kakar 2019–20 a tsakiyarta saboda annobar COVID-19, kuma FA ta yanke hukuncin cewa za a cire sakamakon wasannin lig na matakai na 3 zuwa 7.|group=lower-alpha}} || — || N/A{{#tag:ref|Saboda an cire sakamakon kakar, ba a rubuta yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura a hukumance ba.|group=lower-alpha}} || [[2019–20 Women's FA Cup#Second round qualifying|2QR]] || |- bgcolor="#ace1af" | 2020–21 || North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division<ref>{{Cite web|last=Association|first=The Football|title=North West Womens Regional League|url=https://fulltime.thefa.com/index.html;jsessionid=33F6FE8CA5A267BE44CA7350DD860262?selectedSeason=863150702&selectedFixtureGroupAgeGroup=0&selectedDivision=319275546&selectedCompetition=0|access-date=2021-12-28|publisher=The Football Association}}</ref> || 5 || 2/11{{#tag:ref|An ayyana kakar 2020–21 a matsayin wadda ba a kammala ba, inda ƙungiyar ta samu hawa ta hanyar tsarin neman gurbi na FA.|group=lower-alpha}} || — || — || [[2020–21 Women's FA Cup#First round proper|R1]] || |- bgcolor="#fcc" | 2021–22 || [[FA Women's National League]] Division One North<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=The FA Women's National League|url=https://fulltime.thefa.com/index.html?selectedSeason=307003017&selectedFixtureGroupAgeGroup=0&selectedDivision=837604321&selectedCompetition=0|access-date=2021-12-28|publisher=The Football Association}}</ref> || 4 || 10/12 || || || [[2021–22 Women's FA Cup#First round proper|R1]] || |- bgcolor="#ace1af" | 2022–23 || North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division || 5 || 1/11 || — || — || [[2022–23 Women's FA Cup#First round proper|R1]] || |- bgcolor="#fcc" | 2023–24 | [[FA Women's National League]] Division One North<ref name=":0" /> | 4 | 12th<ref>{{Cite web |title=The FA Women's National League |url=https://fulltime.thefa.com/index.html?selectedSeason=356974228&selectedFixtureGroupAgeGroup=0&selectedDivision=837604321&selectedCompetition=0 |access-date=2024-06-18 |publisher=The Football Association}}</ref> | | | [[2023–24 Women's FA Cup#Second round proper|R2]] | Masu nasara (Manchester FA Cup) |- | 2024–25 | North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division | 5 | 10/11 | | | [[2024–25 Women's FA Cup#Third round qualifying|3QR]] |} ^# An raba kofin tare da Middleton Athletic 9d9jbwnovl0jp5pb85bf4hzqicuh7iu 961760 961758 2026-10-02T07:00:22Z Sirjat 20447 /* Ƙungiyar mata */ 961760 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta United ta Manchester''', wacce aka fi sani da '''FC United''', ƙungiya ce [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ta ƙwallon ƙafa]] ta ƙwararru da ke Moston, [[Manchester]], Ingila, wacce ke fafatawa a gasar Premier ta Arewa, mataki na bakwai a [[tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila]], kuma tana buga wasannin gida a Broadhurst Park . An kafa kungiyar FC United a shekarar 2005 ta magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] wadanda suka yi adawa da karbar ragamar kungiyar daga hannun wani dan kasuwa dan Amurka Malcolm Glazer, kuma ta shiga gasar rukuni na biyu ta North West County Football League, inda ta samu karin girma sau uku a jere, kuma an sake daukaka ta a karo na hudu zuwa National League North a kakar wasa ta 2015-16. A gasar cin kofin, FC United ta kai zagaye na biyu na [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] a 2010–11 da kuma zagaye na hudu na gasar cin kofin FA a 2014–15 . A shekarar 2019, an mayar da su gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Bayan raba filin wasa tsakanin 2005 da 2014 da [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] a Gigg Lane, FC United ta buɗe filin wasanta, Broadhurst Park a arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Mayu na 2015. Karl Marginson ne ke kula da ƙungiyar tun daga lokacin da aka kafa ta a shekarar 2005 har zuwa Oktoba 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2017 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Launukan [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|kayan wasan]] ƙungiyar sune riguna ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. Alamarsu ta dogara ne akan rigar Manchester kuma tana ɗauke da jirgin ruwa a teku da garkuwa mai ɗauke da Gules, bendlets guda uku da aka inganta ko kuma aka ɗauko daga garkuwar Robert de Gresle, shugaban farko na gidan sarauta na Manchester (1174–1230) wanda mutum-mutuminsa ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke filin Albert . Bayan Exeter City, United ita ce ta biyu mafi girma a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa mallakar magoya baya a Burtaniya ta hanyar yawan membobi, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda suka halarci wasanni a gida a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta cikin gasar lig ba . Ana gudanar da ƙungiyar ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya ta hannun membobinta waɗanda ke da 'yancin zaɓe daidai gwargwado kuma kowannensu yana da rabo ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyar. == Tarihi == === Tsarin aiki === [[File:FC_United_first_game.jpg|alt=A football game in progress between F.C. United in red and Leigh Railway Mechanics Institute in yellow. The F.C. United crowd watch on.|thumb| Wasan farko da FC United ta buga a wasan sada zumunci ne da Leigh RMI a shekarar 2005.]] An kafa ƙungiyar a shekarar 2005 ta hanyar magoya bayan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] waɗanda ba su gamsu ba. <ref name="fc-waw">{{Cite web |title=Governance – Manifesto |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234344/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Duk da cewa akwai dalilai daban-daban da suka sa suka kasa gamsuwa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Matt Rickard |date=5 July 2005 |title=United We Stand |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415100326/http://www.espnfc.com/story/336636 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 July 2005 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> abin da ya haifar da kafa FC United shi ne kwace Manchester United da wani dan kasuwan Amurka Malcolm Glazer ya yi a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2005. Magoya bayan kungiyar sun fara tunanin kafa kungiyar da za ta balle daga gasar a shekarar 1998 a lokacin da BSkyB ya yi yunkurin kwace Manchester United. <ref name="brown-soccer-society">{{Cite journal |last=Adam Brown |date=3 July 2008 |title='Our club, our rules': fan communities at FC United of Manchester |journal=Soccer & Society |publisher=Routledge |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=347, 353 |doi=10.1080/14660970802008967 |issn=1466-0970 |s2cid=143335100}}</ref> An fara gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar FC United idan Glazer ya sayi ɗan wasa a watan Fabrairun 2005 ta hanyar ƙungiyar magoya bayan Manchester United ''Red Issue'' . <ref name="inside-story" /> <ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An gudanar da tarurrukan jama'a ga magoya baya a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005 a Central Methodist Hall da ke Arewacin Quarter na Manchester da kuma ranar 30 ga Mayu a Apollo Theatre . Daga baya, an ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar jagora don kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2005 |title=Steering Group Announcement |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315041417/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announcement |archive-date=15 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan da [[The Football Association|Hukumar Kwallon Kafa]] ta ƙi amincewa da sunan "FC United" saboda ya yi yawa, an nemi waɗanda suka yi alƙawarin kuɗi ga ƙungiyar su kaɗa ƙuri'a kan suna. A ranar 14 ga Yuni 2005, an sanar da cewa an zaɓi "FC United of Manchester", inda suka doke "AFC Manchester 1878", "Manchester Central", da "Newton Heath United", <ref name="Rise and rise" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2005 |title=Steering group announce name of new football club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227035231/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/steering-group-announce-name-of-new-football-club |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2005 |title=Voting now started to choose the name of the club |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224220938/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/voting-now-started-to-choose-the-name-of-the-club |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> kuma FC United ta yi rijista a hukumance da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Gundumar Manchester a ranar ɗaya. <ref name="porter-thesis">{{Cite web |last=Christopher Porter |title=Cultures of Resistance and Compliance: Football Fandom and Political Engagement in Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810205202/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/files/documents/CPorter%20PhD%20Thesis.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=Manchester Metropolitan University |pages=232, 296}}</ref> An naɗa Karl Marginson a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar a ranar 22 ga watan Yuni, kuma ƙungiyar ta yi gwajin 'yan wasa bayan kwana huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Player Trials |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226143308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-player-trials |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kimanin 'yan wasa 900 ne suka nemi shiga gwajin, inda aka zabi 200 daga cikinsu don shiga, sannan aka zabi 17 don bugawa FC United wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2005 |title=F.C. United Trials a Success |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304020704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-trials-a-success |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Jonathan Mitten, babban ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan gaban Manchester United Charlie Mitten, shi ne ɗan wasan farko da ƙungiyar ta saya. An gudanar da taron farko na mambobin FC United a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2005 a Methodist Central Hall. Membobin sun kaɗa ƙuri'a kan kundin tsarin mulkin ƙungiyar, lambar yabo, da kuma muhimman ƙa'idodinta, sannan suka zaɓi kwamitin gudanarwa mai mambobi 11. <ref name="board-announced">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2005 |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=19 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Zuwa ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, sama da mutane 4,000 sun yi alkawarin kuɗi ga FC United kuma ƙungiyar tana da sama da fam 100,000 a banki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan Stuart |date=6 July 2005 |title=Mitten's family affair |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415101416/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/mittens-family-affair-1076134 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2005 |website=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> A lokacin da FC United ke kafa kungiyar, masu Leigh RMI sun yi tayin hada kungiyoyin biyu, amma bangarorin sun yanke shawarar kin amincewa da ra'ayin. Daga baya FC United ta shirya buga wasanta na farko da Leigh RMI a ranar 16 ga Yuli 2005; wasan ya ƙare da ci 0-0. === Shekarun Gundumomin Arewa maso Yamma (2005–07) === A kakar wasa ta 2005-06, FC United ta buga wasa a rukuni na biyu na North West County Football League (NWCFL), wanda shine mataki na goma na [[Tsarin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila|tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Ingila]] kuma matakai tara ne ƙasa da [[Premier League]] . <ref name="F.C. United History">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United history |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123003845/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/history |archive-date=23 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin ya buga wasannin gida a [[Bury F.C.|Bury]] 's Gigg Lane . <ref name="F.C. United History" /> FC United ba ta cancanci buga gasar FA Vase a kakar wasa ta farko ba saboda an kafa kungiyar ne bayan wa'adin shiga gasar. Duk da haka, sun sami damar buga wasa a gasar cin kofin kalubalen North West County League. Wasan farko na gasar da FC United ta buga a waje shine wanda ta yi nasara a kan Leek County School Old Boys da ci 5-2 a ranar 13 ga Agusta 2005. Mutane 2,590 ne suka halarci wasan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=Red Army fight for new soul of United |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227172325/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/red-army-fight-for-new-soul-of-united-6111955.html |archive-date=27 February 2018 |access-date=27 February 2018 |website=The Independent}}</ref> A wasan farko da suka buga a gida a ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, kungiyar ta doke Padiham da ci 3-2 da kwallaye biyu daga Rory Patterson . A kakar wasa ta farko, FC United ta karya tarihin halartar gasar NWCFL. Tawagar mutane 6,032 sun kalli wasan ƙarshe na gasar gida da suka buga da Great Harwood Town, wanda ya kasance tarihi a gasar NWCFL {{As of|2016}} . <ref>{{Cite web |title=North West Counties Football League History 1982–2015 |url=http://www.nwcfl.com/league-information/league-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401065121/http://nwcfl.com/league-history.php |archive-date=1 April 2016 |access-date=23 May 2016 |publisher=North West Counties Football League}}</ref> Duk da rashin nasara a wasan da ci 0-1, an daukaka kungiyar zuwa Division One . Nasarar da FC United ta samu a kakar wasa ta 2006/07 a gasar Division One ta NWCFL ta sa kulob din ya samu ci gaba zuwa Division One North na gasar [[Northern Premier League]] . Sun sami nasarar lashe gasar karo na biyu a jere da nasara a kan Atherton Laburnum Rovers da ci 7-1 a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 2007. Daga nan suka lashe kofinsu na biyu a kakar wasa ta bana ta hanyar doke Curzon Ashton da ci 2-1 a wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin kalubale ta NWCFL. A zagaye na uku na gasar FA Vase, an kawar da kungiyar lokacin da ta sha kashi da ci 2-3 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci ga Quorn . <ref name="quorn-loss">{{Cite web |date=13 December 2006 |title=FCUM out of FA Vase |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415143823/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/12/13/091206_fcum_v_quorn_result.shtml |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> === Shekarun Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2007–15) === A shekarar 2007–08, FC United ta buga wasa a kakar farko ta gasar Northern Premier League (NPL) Division One North. Sun fara buga gasar cin kofin FA a wannan kakar, amma sun sha kashi 1-2 a hannun Fleetwood Town a zagayen farko na cancantar shiga gasar. Sun kai wasan ƙarshe na gasar cin kofin shugaban ƙasa ta NPL ta 2007-08, inda suka doke Radcliffe Borough da ci 2-0 don ɗaukar kofinsu na huɗu a cikin shekaru uku bayan kafa ƙungiyar. Kungiyar ta kammala kakar wasa ta biyu a gasar, inda ta bi ta Bradford Park Avenue a baya da maki daya, sannan ta shiga wasannin share fage don samun gurbin shiga gasar. Bayan sun doke Bamber Bridge da ci 3-2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, FC United ta fafata da Skelmersdale United a wasan share fage na neman gurbin shiga gasar, inda ta dawo daga bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida ta ci 4-1, kuma ta samu matsayi na uku a jere a gasar Premier League ta Arewa. [[File:Mickleover_Sports_Ground,_Mickleover,_Derbyshire.jpg|alt=F.C. United players challenge a Mickleover Sports player for possession of the ball while a crowd of supporters watch from the far end of the pitch near the Mickleover goal.|thumb| FC United ''(cikin fararen kaya)'' tana wasa da Mickleover Sports, Oktoba 2010]] A shekarar 2008–09, FC United ta fara buga gasar FA Cup, inda ta kai zagaye na uku na cancanta, kuma ta rasa damar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a ranar karshe ta kakar wasa ta yau da kullun. A kakar wasa ta 2009-10, sun kare a matsayi na 13 a gasar, matsayi mafi ƙanƙanta a gasar a kakar wasa biyar ta farko, <ref name="F.C. United History" /> kafin su ci gaba zuwa wasannin share fage a 2010-11. Sun doke Bradford Park Avenue da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe da ci 0-1 a hannun Colwyn Bay . A farkon wannan kakar, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA a karon farko, inda ta yi nasara a kan [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]], Gainsborough Trinity, Norton &amp;amp; Stockton Ancients da kuma Barrow don fafatawa da ƙungiyar League One Rochdale . Sun doke Rochdale da ci 3-2 bayan Mike Norton ya yi nasara a ƙarshen wasan, kuma sun buga gasar zakarun League One ta 2010-11 [[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a zagaye na biyu. Bayan an tashi kunnen doki 1-1 a filin wasa na Withdean, FC United ta sha kashi a wasan da aka sake buga wasa a Gigg Lane da ci 0-4, a gaban mafi yawan 'yan wasan da suka halarci wasan a gida na 6,731. <ref name="F.C. United records">{{Cite web |date=20 January 2011 |title=Football – Statistics and Records |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215023338/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/club-records |archive-date=15 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–12, FC United ta kai zagaye na farko na gasar FA Cup a karon farko bayan ta doke Frickley Athletic, Durham City da Altrincham . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fixtures and Results – First Team 2011/12 Season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124153001/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures/first-team/2011 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A gasar, sun cancanci shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar a karshen kakar wasa, duk da cewa sun kare a matsayi na 6, saboda raguwar darajar Northwich Victoria saboda karya dokokin kudi. Sun doke Chorley da ci 2-0 a wasan kusa da na karshe na neman gurbin shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar, amma sun sha kashi a hannun Bradford Park Avenue da ci 0-1 a minti na karshe na karin lokaci. <ref name="bradford-dreamland">{{Cite web |last=Whiting |first=Ian |date=6 May 2012 |title=Extra-time Greaves winner puts Bradford Park Avenue in dreamland |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171958/http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/sport/9691664.Extra_time_Greaves_winner_puts_Bradford_Park_Avenue_in_dreamland/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=7 May 2012 |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus}}</ref> FC United ta kare a matsayi na uku a kakar wasa ta 2012–13, inda ta yi rajistar shiga gasar share fagen shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=4 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester to host Witton Albion in Premier Division play-offs semi finals in midweek |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172022/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonnews/10400873.Witton_to_face_FC_United_in_play_offs_semi_final/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=5 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> Sun yi nasara da ci 3-1 a kan Witton Albion a wasan kusa da na karshe, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Andrew |date=8 May 2013 |title=FC United of Manchester end Witton Albion's bid to be promoted for a second successive season |url=http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415172552/http://www.northwichguardian.co.uk/sport/witton/wittonmatchreports/10406590.FC_United_3_Witton_1/ |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2013 |website=The Northwich Guardian}}</ref> amma sun sha kashi a wasan karshe a karo na uku a jere da rashin nasara da ci 1-2 a hannun Hednesford Town . A kakar wasa mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta kare a matsayi na biyu a gasar amma ta sha kashi a wasannin share fage a zagayen kusa da na ƙarshe. A lokacin kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kai zagaye na huɗu na Kofin FA kuma ta yi wasanni 21 a jere ba tare da an sha kashi ba daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, ciki har da nasarori 16. <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester results & fixtures for the 2014–2015 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084920/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/fc-united-of-manchester/2014-2015/results |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2015 |website=Statto.com}}</ref> Sun sami nasarar shiga gasar National League North bayan nasarar da suka samu da ci 1-0 a kan Stourbridge a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 2015; bayan shekaru bakwai na ƙoƙari. Babban ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a ƙungiyar a wannan kakar da ta lashe gasar shine Tom Greaves, <ref name="F.C. United records" /> ɗan wasan da ya zura ƙwallon da ta ba wa Bradford Park Avenue nasara a wasan da suka yi da FC United a wasan ƙarshe na gasar share fagen shiga gasar 2012. <ref name="bradford-dreamland" /> === Shekarun Gasar Ƙasa (2015–19) === FC United ta samu nasarar farko a gasar National League North a wasan da suka doke Brackley Town da ci 3-2 a ranar 22 ga Agusta 2015, wanda shine nasarar farko da kungiyar ta samu a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai a Broadhurst Park. A watan Oktoba, a karo na biyu a tarihin kulob din, sun samu gurbi a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin FA bayan sun yi nasara a kan Sporting Khalsa da ci 3-1 a waje, amma an fitar da su daga gasar bayan sun sha kashi a gida da ci 4-1 a hannun Chesterfield . A watan Nuwamba, ƙungiyar ta kawo ƙarshen gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai ta kakar wasa ta 2015-16 bayan rashin nasara sau biyu a jere a gida a hannun Stalybridge Celtic da ci 3-4 a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Manchester da kuma Telford United da ci 1-2 a gasar cin kofin FA. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=25 November 2015 |title=Stalybridge knock FC United out of cup in seven goal thriller |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224205320/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/stalybridge-knock-fc-united-out-of-cup-in-seven-goal-thriller |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Tsakanin Satumba da Nuwamba 2015, FC United ta sha kashi a wasanni bakwai a jere a gasar lig; mafi munin nasarar da ta samu {{As of|2017|April}} . <ref name="F.C. United records" /> Daga ƙarshe sun kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 13. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2016 |title=Match preview: Detroit City FC vs. FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601163326/http://www.npsl.com/news_article/show/653518?referrer_id=1510764 |archive-date=1 June 2016 |access-date=1 June 2016 |publisher=National Premier Soccer League}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2016–17 mai zuwa, ƙungiyar ta sake kammala matsayi na 13 kuma ta lashe kofin gundumar Manchester FA a karon farko a tarihinta, inda ta doke Stalybridge Celtic da ci 1-0 a wasan ƙarshe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Craig |date=4 May 2017 |title=FC United win the Frank Hannah Manchester Premier Cup |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224173655/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-win-the-frank-hannah-manchester-premier-cup |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2017-18, Karl Marginson, kocin farko kuma tilo na ƙungiyar, ya bar ƙungiyar bisa amincewar juna a watan Oktoban 2017. <ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson" /> An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves wanda ya karɓi ragamar aiki na wucin gadi kuma aka naɗa shi kocin 'yan wasa na dindindin a wata mai zuwa. <ref name="greaves-manager">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2017 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta kammala kakar wasa a matsayi na 16 kuma ta riƙe kofin gundumar Manchester FA da nasarar bugun fenariti a kan Trafford FC <ref>{{Cite web |title=National League North table |url=http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430154523/http://www.thenationalleague.org.uk/match-info/tables?division_id=35404 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=Vanarama National League |publisher=Pitch Hero}}</ref> Greaves, wanda ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Disamba na 2017, ya ga an tsawaita kwangilarsa har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 December 2017 |title=Record breaker Greaves give FC United victory over Harrogate |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810211607/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/record-breaker-greaves-give-fc-united-victory-over-harrogate |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2018 |title=Tom Greaves named as player manager for 2018–19 season |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810212012/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-named-as-player-manager-for-2018-19-season |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bayan rashin nasarar fara kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Greaves ya bar kulob din a karshen watan Agusta na 2018, inda tsohon dan wasansa David Chadwick ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin manaja na riƙon ƙwarya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2018 |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419135646/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ƙarshen watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar ta naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin kocin ƙungiyar farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 October 2018 |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419125452/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |archive-date=19 April 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga Afrilu 2019, ranar Litinin ta Ista, FC United ta koma gasar Premier ta Arewa bayan rashin nasara a gida da ci 1-2 a hannun Blyth Spartans . <ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United relegated from Vanarama National League North |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417132733/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-relegated-from-vanarama-national-league-north |archive-date=17 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=Fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> === Komawa Gasar Premier ta Arewa (2019-yanzu) === == Launuka da tambari == [[File:Arms_of_the_City_of_Manchester.svg|alt=Gules, three bendlets enhanced Or; a chief argent, thereon on waves of the sea a ship under sail proper. On a wreath of colours, a terrestrial globe semée of bees volant, all proper. On the dexter side a heraldic antelope argent, attired, and chain reflexed over the back Or, and on the sinister side a lion guardant Or, murally crowned Gules; each charged on the shoulder with a rose of the last. Motto: "Concilio et Labore".|thumb| Tambarin FC United na Manchester ya dogara ne akan rigar Majalisar Manchester City .]] Launin kulob din FC United ja ne, fari da baƙi - launuka iri ɗaya ne da Manchester United ke amfani da su. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Amy |date=20 May 2015 |title='Ted of Manchester' – the character and soul of FC United's new home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415162936/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/32787590 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Rigar ba ta da tambarin tallafi tun farko, domin an rubuta a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kulob din cewa bai kamata kulob din ya sami mai daukar nauyin riga ba. <ref name="Club sponsor">{{Cite web |title=New F.C. United sponsor won't appear on shirts |url=http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814130431/http://www.how-do.co.uk/north-west-media-news/north-west-marketing-services/new-fc-united-sponsor-won%E2%80%99t-appear-on-shirts-20110719100951612 |archive-date=14 August 2012 |access-date=15 September 2011 |publisher=How-do.co.uk}}</ref> Daga baya ƙungiyar za ta koma kan wannan batu, tare da gabatar da mai tallafawa hannun Street Cartel don kakar wasa ta 2026/27. [[Kayan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa|Kayan]] farko da ƙungiyar ta saka sun haɗa da riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando fari da safa baƙi. <ref name="Gallery 2005–06">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2005/06 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2005 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Ƙungiyar ta gabatar da sabuwar rigar gida ta kakar wasa ta 2007-08 tare da abin wuya mai lanƙwasa da kuma ƙarshenta mai lanƙwasa a hannun riga wanda ya daɗe har zuwa 2009. <ref name="Gallery 2007–08">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2007/08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095600/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2007 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> An canza wannan don kakar wasa ta 2009-11 zuwa riga ja mai launin baƙi da fari a gefen hagu, wanda Admiral Sportswear ya ƙera. <ref name="F.C. United kit picture">{{Cite web |title=Match Day Photos – First Team 2009/10 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095756/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/match-day-photos/first-team/2009 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2015 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2011–13, ƙungiyar ta koma rigar ja mai sauƙi, wadda O'Neills ya ƙera. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2012 |title=Pre-order your new FC United home kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224141420/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/pre-order-your-new-fc-united-home-kit |archive-date=24 February 2021 |access-date=10 August 2022 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A farkon kakar wasa ta 2018-19, Errea ya maye gurbin O'Neill's a matsayin mai samar da kayan wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erreà is FC United of Manchester's new technical sponsor – Erreà |url=https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128084423/https://www.errea.com/en/enter-errea/news/football/errea-is-fc-united-of-manchesters-new-technical-sponsor/ |archive-date=28 January 2019 |access-date=27 January 2019}}</ref> Kayan wasa na biyu da ƙungiyar ke sakawa, waɗanda ake sawa lokacin da ake wasa da ƙungiyar da ke da kayan wasa ja, sune farar riga, farar wando da safa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2016 |title=General Meeting Count and New Away Kit |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524173404/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6846 |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Kulob ɗin yana da wani kayan wasa mai launin shuɗi mai haske tare da tambarin dunkule da aka manne da kuma kalmomin "Dokokin Ƙungiyarmu" a gaban rigar don yin wasa da ƙungiya mai kayan wasa ja da fari. <ref name="Gallery 2008–09">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2008–09 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163357/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2008&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=15 September 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A lokutan baya, ana amfani da riguna masu launin fari masu launin baƙi ko ja <ref name="Gallery 2005–06" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2011 |title=Pre order the 2012–14 away shirt |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163308/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=4143 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=12 April 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da kuma riga mai launin ja, gajeren wando baƙi da safa fari duk a matsayin kayan sawa na biyu. <ref name="Gallery 2011–12">{{Cite web |title=F.C. United gallery 2011–12 |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415163418/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_matchdaygallery.php?year=2011&team=1 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=10 October 2012 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Alamar ƙungiyar ja ce, fari, baƙi da rawaya, kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa daga cikin tambarin Majalisar Birnin Manchester ; an ɗauko wani jirgin ruwa da ke wakiltar masana'antar Manchester garkuwar daga hoton Heraldic na Robert de Gresle, babban baron farko na Manchester, kuma yana ɗauke da gules guda uku masu ƙarfi. Mutum-mutumin Robert de Gresle ya ƙawata zauren garin da ke dandalin Albert. == Filin wasa == [[File:Gigg-lane.jpg|alt=Bury F.C.'s blue stadium seated stand covered in red, white and black F.C. United banners.|thumb| An yi wa Gigg Lane ado da tutocin kulob da tutocinsa. Wannan shine gidan ƙungiyar a lokacin ƙuruciyarta.]] FC United tana wasa a filin wasa mai ɗaukar mutane 4,900 Broadhurst Park, wanda aka buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015. An gina filin ne akan kuɗin fam miliyan 6.3, ta amfani da fam miliyan 2 daga Tsarin Raba Hannun Jari na Al'umma, sauran kuma daga tallafin gwamnati da na agaji daban-daban. An kewaye filin a kowane gefe da wuraren tsayawa da aka rufe: St. Mary's Road End (gabas), North Stand, Lightbowne Road End (yamma) da kuma Babban Stand (kudu), wanda na ƙarshe yana da sassan kujeru. <ref name="Broadhurst Park" /> A cikin Babban Shagon akwai gidan rawa mai mashaya da wuraren cin abinci, ofisoshin kulob, ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakin motsa jiki na likitanci da kuma aji. Filin wasan yana tare da ƙungiyar matasa ta gida, Moston Juniors FC Tun daga kafawarsu a shekarar 2005 har zuwa 2014, FC United tana da hedikwata a filin wasa na Gigg Lane na [[Bury F.C.|Bury FC]] . An sanar da fara aikin filin wasa na farko da FC United ta tsara a shekarar 2010 don Newton Heath, asalin gidan Manchester United. An shirya gina ginin a wurin da cibiyar wasanni ta Ten Acres Lane za ta kasance kuma za ta kashe fam miliyan 3.5, domin a samar da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga jama'a, batun hannun jari na al'umma da kuma tallafin kuɗi. Duk da haka, shekara guda bayan haka, a watan Maris na 2011, Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta janye daga bayar da tallafin filin wasan. An sanar da wurin shakatawa na Broadhurst Park da ke Moston, arewa maso gabashin Manchester, a watan Afrilun 2011. An fitar da cikakkun bayanai game da sabon wurin a watan Yunin 2011 kuma Majalisar Birnin Manchester ta amince da izinin tsara wurin a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 2011. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2011 |title=F.C. United stadium plans for Moston passed by council |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415171022/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-15474369 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |access-date=27 October 2011 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> FC United ta shawo kan wasu matsaloli da suka haɗa da yarjejeniyar samar da kuɗi, tattaunawar 'yan kwangila da kuma yarjejeniyar haya da kuma ƙalubalen shari'a daga mazauna yankin wanda ya haifar da ƙarin jinkiri na shekaru biyu kafin a fara ginin a watan Nuwamba na 2013. [[File:Broadhurst_Park_from_Main_Stand_by_Mark_Lee.jpg|alt=The inside of a football ground as photographed from one of the touchlines. Red seating is visible in the foreground, with the pitch in the middle and the opposite touchline in the background. A standing-only area is visible to the right of the picture. Football players and officials can be seen on the pitch.|thumb| Filin wasan ƙungiyar, Broadhurst Park, ya buɗe a watan Mayu na 2015.]] A lokacin da suke Bury, rikicin da ya faru tsakanin 'yan wasa ya sa FC United ta yi amfani da ƙarin filayen wasa shida don wasannin gida: Moss Lane na Altrincham ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Wayne |date=25 February 2006 |title=F.C. United 4–1 Holker Old Boys |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417122112/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=32 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Stainton Park na [[Radcliffe F.C.|Radcliffe Borough]] ; <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=F.C. United 2–1 Rossendale United&nbsp;– F.C. United fixtures 2007–08 |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121903/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=216 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> ] Ewen Fields na Hyde United ; <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=7 October 2009 |title=F.C. United 4–0 Nantwich Town match report |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094747/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=459 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=27 August 2010 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Bower Fold na Stalybridge Celtic; <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 August 2011 |title=F.C. United 6–3 North Ferriby United |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094834/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=644 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullen |first=Victoria |date=5 September 2010 |title=F.C. United 1–5 Matlock Town |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417094940/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=543 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> Curzon Ashton's Tameside Stadium; <ref>{{Cite web |last=McAteer |first=Paul |date=29 August 2011 |title=Five star F.C. United beat Bradford in Bank Holiday bonanza |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095103/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=3730 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=30 August 2011 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> da Flixton 's Valley Road. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=FC United of Manchester 4 – 1 Flixton |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029144024/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/report.php?match_id=307 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> A kakar wasa ta 2014-15, FC United ta kawo karshen yarjejeniyar raba filayen wasa da Bury bayan shekaru tara a shirye-shiryen komawarta Broadhurst Park. Ganin cewa filin bai shirya ba a farkon kakar wasa, sun yi amfani da Bower Fold a matsayin wurin zama na wucin gadi. Jinkirin da aka samu a Broadhurst Park ya sa FC United ba za ta iya komawa ba har sai watan Mayu na 2015, kuma bayan fafatawar da suka yi da Stalybridge Celtic, kulob din ya koma filin wasa na Tameside a watan Disamba na 2014 don sauran kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=F.C. United of Manchester&nbsp;– Continuing Where We Left Off&nbsp;– League Fixtures Announced |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121748/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5587 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=22 July 2014 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester}}</ref> FC United ta dauki bakuncin wani taron gwaji a Broadhurst Park a ranar 16 ga Mayu 2015, inda ta shirya wasa na ɗan gajeren lokaci tsakanin ƙungiyarta ta farko da kuma ƙungiyar 'yan wasa ta Invitational XI da ta ƙunshi 'yan wasan baya. Wasan farko na farko ya kasance na sada zumunci da Benfica B a ranar 29 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Degnen |first=Kelly |title=WANTED&nbsp;– 3,000 FC United of Manchester Football Fans |url=http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417095308/http://www.manchesterconfidential.co.uk/news/wanted-3000-fc-united-of-manchester-football-fans |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=25 May 2015 |website=Manchester Confidential |publisher=Confidential Direct}}</ref> ranar tunawa da nasarar da Manchester United ta samu a kan Benfica a wasan karshe na cin kofin Turai na 1968 . Benfica ta lashe wasan farko da ci 1-0 a gaban taron jama'a 4,232. ==Magoya baya== Kusan mambobi 2,000 ne suka mallaki F.C. United<ref>{{Cite web |title=Membership {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/membership |access-date=2025-08-28 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref>, kuma kulob din shi ne na uku mafi girma a Birtaniya wajen yawan mambobi a cikin kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa da magoya bayansu suka mallaka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.co.uk/news/hearts-become-uks-largest-fan-24873358 |title=Hearts become UK's largest fan-owned club |date=31 August 2021 }}</ref><ref name="nonleaguepaper">{{cite news |url=http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |title=FC United of Manchester general manager Andy Walsh to step down |author=Steven Coney |date=23 March 2016 |work=The Non-League Paper |publisher=Greenways Publishing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508041739/http://www.thenonleaguefootballpaper.com/latest-news/conference-north-step-two/15437/fc-united-of-manchester-general-manager-andy-walsh-to-step-down/ |archive-date=8 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Kowane memba yana iya kada ƙuri'a kan yadda ake gudanar da kulob din, ciki har da zaɓen mambobin kwamitin gudanarwa, ƙirar rigunan wasa, da farashin tikitin kakar wasa.<ref name="brown-soccer-society" /> An san magoya bayan F.C. United da yawan waƙoƙin da suke rerawa yayin wasanni, kuma kafafen yaɗa labarai sun yaba da yanayin da magoya bayan ke samarwa.<ref>{{cite news |author=Tony Howard |title=We all know that Torpey wears a thong |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |work=The Guardian |date=26 October 2005 |access-date=26 October 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164249/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/oct/26/newsstory.sport10 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |title=F.C. United's impossible dream goes on |author=Julian Coman |work=The Guardian |date=7 November 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164353/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/nov/07/fc-united-rochdale-afc-fa-cup |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Tim Rich |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |title=Bennett ends F.C. United's dream but supporters remain on song |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |date=9 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164536/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/fa-league-cups/bennett-ends-fc-uniteds-dream-but-supporters-remain-on-song-2154944.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Rory Smith |title=F.C. United of Manchester 0 Brighton and Hove Albion 4: match report |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=8 December 2010 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164702/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/fa-cup/8189675/FC-United-of-Manchester-0-Brighton-and-Hove-Albion-4-match-report.html |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> A kakar wasansu na farko ([[2005–06 in English football|2005–06]]), F.C. United ya kasance kulob din da ke da matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na biyu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa na Ingila da ba na manyan lig-lig ba, inda matsakaicin masu kallo ya kasance 3,059, kuma shi ne kulob na 87 mafi yawan magoya baya a dukkan rukunan gasar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2005–06 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306021603/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive05-06/attcomp.htm |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Yawan masu kallo ya ragu a cikin kakar wasanni biyu na gaba, inda suka kasance kulob na 92 mafi yawan masu kallo a 2006–07, da na 100 a 2007–08.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2006–07 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=14 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232134/http://tonykempster.co.uk/archive06-07/attcomp.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |title=Attendance comparison 2007–08 |author=Tony Kempster |website=tonykempster.co.uk |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040905/http://www.tonykempster.co.uk/archive07-08/attcomp.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Daga nan matsakaicin yawan masu kallon wasannin lig ya daidaita zuwa kusan 2,000 a kowane wasa,<ref>{{cite web |title=Northern Premier League Premier Division Attendances 2009–10 and 2010–11 |author=Mike Avery |website=mikeavery.co.uk |url=http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |year=2011 |access-date=5 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320060226/http://www.mikeavery.co.uk/AllTeamAttendance2011Average.htm |archive-date=20 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> kafin ya tashi zuwa matsakaicin 2,155 a 2014–15, wanda a lokacin shi ne matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na bakwai mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=26 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426142738/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> Bayan komawa Broadhurst Park a watan Mayu 2015, kulob din ya samu matsakaicin masu kallo 3,394 a 2015–16, wanda ya ƙaru da sama da kashi 57% idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata, kuma ya kasance matsakaicin yawan masu kallo na huɗu mafi girma a ƙwallon ƙafa da ba na manyan lig-lig ba.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |title=Turnstile League |work=thelinnets.co.uk |access-date=14 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501132430/http://www.thelinnets.co.uk/turnstile.php?s=2013 |archive-date=1 May 2016}}</ref> ==Tsari== F.C. United yana aiki a matsayin ƙungiyar al'umma mai amfani ga jama'a.<ref name="fc-waw"/> Ana samun zama memba ta hanyar biyan kuɗin shekara na £25 ga kulob din (£5 ga yara), amma kowane memba yana samun kaso ɗaya ne kawai a kulob din kuma yana da damar kada ƙuri'a ɗaya a tarurruka, ba tare da la'akari da adadin kuɗin da ya bayar ba.<ref name="Manifesto">{{cite web |title=The Manifesto: Who We Are and What We Mean |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=11 December 2005 |archive-date=9 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060409123223/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/manifesto.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Membership">{{cite web |title=Membership of F.C. United of Manchester |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518230947/http://fc-utd.co.uk/members.php |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kwamitin gudanarwa ya ƙunshi mambobi har guda 11 waɗanda membobin kulob din ke zaɓe.<ref name="board-announced">{{cite web |title=The F.C. United of Manchester board and club badge announced |url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=6 July 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417121352/http://fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=17 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Babban jami'in zartarwa ne ke kula da ayyukan yau da kullum na kulob din; Andy Walsh, wanda yana daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa F.C. United, an naɗa shi a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2005.<ref name="nonleaguepaper" /> Ya sauka daga wannan matsayi a ƙarshen Yuni 2016.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |title=Key founder of FC United to stand down after 11 years |author=Paul Britton |date=23 March 2016 |work=Manchester Evening News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513221101/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/key-founder-fc-united-stand-11082736 |archive-date=13 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Damian Chadwick, wani daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kulob din, ya fara wannan matsayi a watan Nuwamba 2016. Chadwick ya sauka a shekarar 2018, kuma Paul Smith ya maye gurbinsa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |title=Welcome Damian Chadwick, FC United's new CEO |date=7 November 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111000632/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=7145 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=11 November 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2023 an ɗauki Danny Davis aiki a matsayin Babban Manaja.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}} Manufar kulob din ta ƙunshi waɗannan muhimman ƙa'idoji:<ref name="Manifesto" /> # Membobin kulob din za su zaɓi Kwamitin gudanarwa ta hanyar dimokuraɗiyya; # Za a yanke shawarar membobi bisa tsarin memba ɗaya, ƙuri'a ɗaya; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa alaƙa da al'ummar yankin kuma ya yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa mai sauƙin shiga ga kowa, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga kowa ba; # Kulob din zai yi ƙoƙarin sanya farashin shiga ya kasance mai sauƙin biya gwargwadon iko, ga mutane masu yawa; # Kulob din zai ƙarfafa matasa na yankin su shiga — wajen wasa da kuma mara wa kulob din baya — duk lokacin da zai yiwu; # Kwamitin gudanarwa zai yi ƙoƙari, a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya guji kasuwanci kai tsaye; # Kulob din zai kasance ƙungiya mai zaman kanta wadda ba ta neman riba. Kulob din yana karɓar tallafi daga masu ɗaukar nauyi amma ba ya barin a nuna tambarin masu ɗaukar nauyin a kan rigunan 'yan wasan.<ref name="Club sponsor"/> Babban mai ɗaukar nauyin kulob din a farkon kakar 2005–06 shi ne Bhopal Medical Appeal, yayin da a kakar 2006–07 kuma Williams BMW Group ne.<ref name="Bhopal">{{cite web |title=Bhopal Medical Appeal Collection |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=26 September 2005 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120921/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=92 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Simon Donohue |title=F.C. United hires ad agency |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |work=Manchester Evening News |date=5 December 2006 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120443/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/fc-united-hires-ad-agency-1050713 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Tsakanin 2011 da 2016, mxData, wani kamfanin Manchester da ke haɓaka manhajojin wayar hannu, ne ya ɗauki nauyin F.C. United.<ref name="Club sponsor"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |title=mxData signs new community sponsorship deal with FC United|date=3 August 2016 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902093417/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6960 |archive-date=2 September 2016 |url-status=live|access-date=2 September 2016}}</ref> A watan Oktoba 2014, F.C. United ya zama kulob din ƙwallon ƙafa na farko a Birtaniya da Living Wage Foundation ta amince da shi a matsayin mai ɗaukar ma'aikata da ke biyan albashin rayuwa.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |title=FC United beat Premier League giants to first football club awarded Living Wage employer title |author=Luke Marino |date=17 October 2014 |work=Mancunian Matters |publisher=News Associates |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524143539/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/171071212-fc-united-beat-premier-league-giants-first-football-club-awarded-living-wage |archive-date=24 May 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2016}}</ref> ==Suka== An soki F.C. United da waɗanda suka kafa shi, kuma magoya bayan Manchester United da kafafen yaɗa labarai sun bayyana ra'ayoyi daban-daban a kansu; wasu magoya baya suna kallon waɗanda suka zaɓi barin Manchester United domin bin F.C. United a matsayin "masu cin amana".<ref>{{cite news|title=Manchester United supporters still hold club's heart and soul dear not their bottom line |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html|date=19 February 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Jim |last=White |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120602/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/7265963/Manchester-United-supporters-still-hold-clubs-heart-and-soul-dear-not-their-bottom-line.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=F.C. United: A punk football fairytale |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale|date=21 November 2010|access-date=27 August 2011 |first=Julian|last=Coman |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415164659/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/nov/21/fc-united-punk-football-fairytale |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Kocin Manchester United Sir Alex Ferguson ya tambayi amincin magoya bayan da suka yanke shawarar kafa kulob din da kuma dalilin kafa F.C. United a cikin wani littafi na shekarar 2006:<ref>{{cite news |first=Stuart|last=Brennan|title=Fergie lays into F.C. United |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382|date=5 September 2006|access-date=27 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415165104/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fergie-lays-into-fc-united-1041382 |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{blockquote|text=Na yi nadama game da hakan. Wannan ɓangaren yana da ɗan ban tausayi, amma ina mamakin yadda suke da girman goyon bayan United. A ganina, suna ƙoƙarin tallata ko nuna kansu ne maimakon su ce, "a ƙarshe dai kulob din ya yanke shawara, za mu tsaya tare da shi." Abin ya fi shafar su ne fiye da mu.|sign=Sir Alex Ferguson|source=''The Official Manchester United Diary of the Season'' (2006)}} Tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Eric Cantona ya nuna goyon bayansa ga kulob din, yana bayyana cewa suna da "babbar shawara" kuma yana fatan F.C. United zai "zama babban kulob kuma ya lashe Kofin Turai bayan shekaru 50".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|title=Eric Cantona: I didn't punch him strong enough. I should have punched him harder|last=Mitten|first=Andy|date=22 January 2015|work=FourFourTwo|publisher=Haymarket Media Group|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111527/http://www.fourfourtwo.com/us/features/eric-cantona-i-didnt-punch-him-strong-enough-i-should-have-punched-him-harder|archive-date=25 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2010, yana da shekaru 43, ya ce zai kasance a shirye ya buga wa kulob din wasa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|title=Cantona: I would play for FC United|date=19 April 2010|work=Manchester Evening News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514115159/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/cantona-i-would-play-for-fc-united-921480|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Steve Coppell, wanda ya kasance winger na Manchester United tsakanin 1975 da 1983, ya shiga kulob din a matsayin abokin mallaka a watan Afrilu 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|title=Detroit City FC to welcome United legend Steve Coppell for FC United match|date=21 April 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514120500/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6804|archive-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Mambobin F.C. United da kansu ma sun soki kulob din saboda barin wasu daga cikin ƙa'idojinsa, ciki har da amincewa da ɗaukar hoto tare da wani ministan gwamnati na Conservative Party a watan Oktoba 2015, duk da manufar kulob din na cewa kada a yi amfani da shi wajen tallata siyasa, kuma hakan ya faru kwana guda bayan wasu membobin kulob din sun shiga wata zanga-zanga kan rage kashe kuɗin gwamnati a Manchester.<ref name="disharmony-guardian">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|title=FC United of Manchester: how the togetherness turned into disharmony|last=Taylor|first=Daniel|date=31 March 2016|work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505171530/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/mar/31/fc-united-manchester-broadhurst-park|archive-date=5 May 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="siege-mancmatters">{{Cite news|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|title='Siege mentality': FC United supporters attack state of democracy at fan-owned club|last=Ford|first=Matt|date=20 April 2016|work=Mancunian Matters|publisher=News Associates|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421115110/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/200475791-siege-mentality-fc-united-supporters-attack-state-democracy-fan-owned-club|archive-date=21 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> F.C. United ya kare ziyarar da cewa "wani muhimmin ɓangare" ne na samar da hanyoyin kuɗi ga masu sha'awar ƙwallon ƙafa, yana mai cewa hakan zai taimaka wa wakilan gwamnati su fahimci fa'idodi da ƙalubalen zuba jari na zamantakewa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|title=Treasury minister visits Broadhurst Park to see benefits of social investment at FC United|date=7 October 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514111811/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6423|archive-date=14 May 2016|access-date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Editan shirin kulob din ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa a watan Yuni 2015 saboda ƙarin farashin shirin na lokaci guda a wasan farko na Broadhurst Park da Benfica a watan da ya gabata; shawarar Kwamitin da aka bayyana cewa ta karya ƙa'idar kafa kulob din ta guje wa kasuwanci kai tsaye.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A lokacin kuma an soki F.C. United saboda gibin dimokuraɗiyya, bayyana gaskiya da ɗaukar alhaki tsakanin jami'an kulob din da membobinsa.<ref name="disharmony-guardian" /><ref name="siege-mancmatters" /> A shekarar 2016, zanga-zangar magoya baya ta sa wasu mambobin Kwamitin suka sauka daga mukamansu, sannan aka kira Taron Babban Taro na Gaggawa (EGM) domin zaɓen sabon Kwamitin. Zanga-zangar ta kai ga wasu magoya baya sun shiga filin wasa yayin wasan gida na ƙarshe na kakar 2015–16, suna neman sauran mambobin Kwamitin da ake ganin suna da alhakin rashin dimokuraɗiyya da bayyana gaskiya a kulob din su yi murabus.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters">{{cite web|url=http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|title='An air of optimism': Board changes could signal return of happiness at FC United|work=Matt Ford|publisher=Mancunian Matters|date=9 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710142026/http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/090776031-air-optimism-board-changes-could-signal-return-happiness-fc-united|archive-date=10 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Mambobin Kwamitin guda uku sun yi murabus cikin mako guda bayan zanga-zangar da aka yi a filin wasa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|title=Club statement: Three FC United board members to resign|date=6 May 2016|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727172937/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6825|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> tare da jami'in hulɗa da manema labarai da sadarwa na kulob din.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|title=Club press and communications officer to step down|website=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727173134/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6826|archive-date=27 July 2016|access-date=27 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni, an gudanar da EGM kuma aka zaɓi sabon Kwamitin da ya ƙunshi mambobi 11, lamarin da ya haifar da "yanayin ci gaba da kuma fata" tsakanin membobin kulob din.<ref name="air-optimism-mancmatters" /> ==Ƙididdiga da tarihin wasanni== [[File:RoryPatterson.jpg|thumb|[[Rory Patterson]] ya zura ƙwallaye 99 a dukkan gasa da ya buga wa F.C. United. Daga baya ya wakilci Northern Ireland.|alt=Rory Patterson cikin jan kayan wasan gida na F.C. United yana wasa a filin wasa, a gaban gine-ginen bulo.]] Jerome Wright ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan wasannin da aka buga wa F.C. United, inda ya buga wasanni 400 {{As of|2018|March|lc=y}}.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Tom Greaves ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura wa kulob ɗin, da ƙwallaye 102 a dukkan gasa, ciki har da 86 a gasar lig da 16 a wasannin kofuna {{As of|2018|January|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|title=All time players statistics|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-date=22 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122005546/http://fcunited.ru/en/player_stats/|url-status=live}}</ref> Wasu 'yan wasa shida, [[Rory Patterson]], Mike Norton, [[Matthew Wolfenden (footballer)|Matthew Wolfenden]], Jerome Wright, Simon Carden da Stuart Rudd, su ma sun zura ƙwallaye sama da 50 wa kulob ɗin.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Rudd ne ke riƙe da tarihin yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a kakar wasa guda, inda ya zura ƙwallaye 45 a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="fcunitedRU">{{Cite web|url=http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|title=Records and trophies|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester in Russia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403225619/http://fcunited.ru/en/stats/|archive-date=3 April 2016|url-status=live|access-date=11 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi yawan maki da ƙungiyar ta samu a kakar wasa guda shi ne maki 112 a kakar 2006–07, yayin da mafi yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura a kakar wasa guda su ne 157, waɗanda aka zura a wasanni 42 a kakar 2006–07.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|title=F.C. United of Manchester|publisher=Football Club History Database|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074859/http://www.fchd.info/FCUNITED.HTM|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|access-date=12 May 2016}}</ref> Mafi kyawun sakamakon kulob ɗin a gasar FA Cup shi ne kaiwa zagaye na biyu a kakar 2010–11. Bayan nasarar 3–2 a zagaye na farko a kan [[Rochdale A.F.C.|Rochdale]], F.C. United ta tashi 1–1 da [[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]] a waje, lamarin da ya tilasta a sake buga wasan a gida, inda suka sha kashi da ci 0–4.<ref name="brighton-loss" /> Daga baya ƙungiyar ta sake kaiwa zagayen farko na FA Cup sau biyu, inda ta sha kashi da ci 1–4 a kakar 2015–16 a hannun [[Chesterfield F.C.|Chesterfield]]<ref name="chesterfield-loss" /> da ci 1–5 a kakar 2020–21 a hannun [[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]]. A kakar 2006–07, F.C. United ta kai zagaye na uku na [[FA Vase]], bayan ta doke [[Padiham F.C.|Padiham]] da [[Salford City F.C.|Salford City]] a zagayen farko da na biyu, amma ta sha kashi da ci 2–3 a gida a hannun [[Quorn F.C.|Quorn]] bayan ƙarin lokaci.<ref name="quorn-loss" /> A kakar 2014–15, ta kai zagaye na huɗu na [[2014–15 FA Trophy|FA Trophy]], bayan ta doke [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]], [[Chorley F.C.|Chorley]] da [[AFC Fylde]] a zagayen farko uku, kafin ta sha kashi da ci 0–1 a waje a hannun [[Torquay United F.C.|Torquay United]].<ref name="torquay-loss">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|title=F.C. United of Manchester 1–0 Torquay United match report|last=Haley|first=Matthew|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|url-status=live|access-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417093921/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_report.php?match_id=1237|archive-date=17 April 2016}}</ref> Babbar nasarar F.C. United a tarihin gasar lig ita ce ta 10–2 a kan [[Rochdale Town F.C.|Castleton Gabriels]] a ranar 10 Disamba 2005 a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]]; Simon Carden ya zura biyar daga cikin ƙwallayen, wanda shi ne tarihin kulob ɗin na yawan ƙwallayen da ɗan wasa ya zura a wasa guda.<ref name="fcunitedRU" /> F.C. United ta samu nasarar cin wasa da tazarar ƙwallaye takwas a wasu lokuta uku, a wasannin da ta ci [[Squires Gate F.C.|Squires Gate]], [[Glossop North End A.F.C.|Glossop North End]] da [[Nelson F.C.|Nelson]] da ci 8–0, duk a kakar 2006–07.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Babbar rashin nasarar kulob ɗin a gasar lig ita ce ta 0–6 a waje a hannun [[Harrogate Town F.C.|Harrogate Town]] a ranar 10 Maris 2018 a National League North.<ref name="F.C. United records" /> Mafi yawan masu kallo da suka halarci wasan F.C. United a gida su ne 6,731 a wasan da suka buga da Brighton a zagaye na biyu na FA Cup na kakar 2010–11 a ranar 8 Disamba 2010, da kuma 6,023 a wasan da suka buga da [[Great Harwood Town F.C.|Great Harwood Town]] a [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a ranar 22 Afrilu 2006, dukkan wasannin a [[Gigg Lane]].<ref name="F.C. United records" /> =='Yan wasa== {{Category see also|LABEL=For a category of notable former players, see|Category:F.C. United of Manchester players}} ===Tawagar farko=== [[File:FC United September 2011.jpg|thumb|'Yan wasan F.C. United a shekarar 2011 suna gode wa magoya baya saboda goyon bayansu|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United takwas a gefen yankin bugun fanareti bayan wasa. 'Yan wasa shida daga cikinsu suna tafa wa magoya baya.]] {{updated|18 August 2026}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad – Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=18 August 2026|website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=Dan Atherton}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Devine}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Declan Evans}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Charlie Hayes-Green}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=CZE|pos=DF|name=Jan Palinkas}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=[[Nathan Snowball]]|other=on loan from [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=Matty Thomson}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Michael Donohue]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Paul Ennis|Charlie Ennis]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|captain]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Fearnley}} {{fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Ruben Grewal}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Matthew Grivosti}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Arran Pettifer]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Hamed Sidibe}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Adam Sudworth}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Andre Wisdom]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=Jordan Buckley}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ZAM|pos=FW|name=Donald Chimalilo}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Adam Le Fondre]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Gerald Sithole]]}} {{Fs player|no=|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Niall Watson]]|other=on loan from [[Hednesford Town F.C.|Hednesford Town]]}} {{Fs end}} ====A aro==== {{Fs start}} {{Fs end}} ===Wakilcin ƙasashe=== F.C. United ta taimaka wajen samar da 'yan wasa da dama da suka shiga harkar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa; babban mai zura ƙwallayen kulob ɗin a tarihi, [[Rory Patterson]], daga baya ya buga wasa kuma ya zura ƙwallaye wa [[Northern Ireland national football team|Northern Ireland a babban matakin ƙasa da ƙasa]], yayin da ɗan wasan gaba [[Matthew Walwyn]] ya fara buga wa [[Saint Kitts and Nevis national football team|Saint Kitts and Nevis]] wasa a wasan sada zumunci da [[Andorra national football team|Andorra]] a Nuwamba 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |title=Coleraine's Rory Patterson is in Northern Ireland squad |publisher=BBC News |date=22 February 2010 |access-date=17 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208040131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8528248.stm |archive-date=8 February 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season=2016/matches/round=2000582/match=2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html |title=Friendlies 2014–16 – Andorra–St. Kitts |date=12 November 2015 |publisher=UEFA |access-date=11 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511233502/http://www.uefa.com/friendlies/season%3D2016/matches/round%3D2000582/match%3D2018564/postmatch/commentary/index.html|archive-date=11 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ƙungiyar matasa ta F.C. United ta samu wakilci a tawagar 'yan makarantar England ta hannun Scott Cheetham a shekarar 2011<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |title=F.C. United youngster shocked by England call-up |work=Manchester Evening News |date=20 January 2011 |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417130812/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fc-united-youngster-shocked-by-england-852172 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> sannan a shekarar 2013, kulob ɗin ya ɗauki ɗan wasan baya na [[Pakistan national men's football team|tawagar ƙasar Pakistan]] [[Amjad Iqbal]] daga [[Bradford Park Avenue F.C.|Bradford Park Avenue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |title=FC United ready for trip to Witton for Trophy tie |date=18 October 2013 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018132129/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=5141 |archive-date=18 October 2013 |url-status=live |access-date=2 June 2016}}</ref> Sauran 'yan wasan F.C. United da suka buga wa ƙasashensu wasa sun haɗa da [[Stephen O'Halloran]] (Jamhuriyar Ireland), [[Ludovic Quistin]] (Guadeloupe), [[Jason St Juste]] da [[Jacob Hazel]] (dukansu Saint Kitts and Nevis). ==Ma'aikatan horarwa== [[File:Karl Marginson.jpg|upright|thumb|[[Karl Marginson]] ya kasance manajan F.C. United na tsawon shekaru 12, daga kafuwar kulob ɗin zuwa shekarar 2017.|alt=Karl Marginson, manajan da ya fi kowa dadewa a matsayin manajan F.C. United, yana tsaye a gefen filin ƙwallon ƙafa yana kallon wasa.]] Bayan kafuwar F.C. United, kulob ɗin ya naɗa [[Karl Marginson]] a matsayin manajansa. Ya jagoranci ƙungiyar zuwa karin matsayi sau huɗu, lashe kofunan lig uku, kofunan lig biyu da kofin gunduma guda. Ya bar kulob ɗin bisa yarjejeniyar juna a watan Oktoba 2017 bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2017–18. An maye gurbinsa da ɗan wasan gaba Tom Greaves, wanda ya karɓi matsayin [[Player-coach|manajan ɗan wasa]] na wucin gadi, kafin a mayar da naɗin nasa na dindindin a ranar 21 Nuwamba 2017.<ref name="fcunited-pressrelease-marginson">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |title=Manager Karl Marginson to leave F.C. United of Manchester after twelve years in charge |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205437/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7646 |archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|title=Karl Marginson: FC United of Manchester part company with first boss after 12 years |publisher=BBC |date=24 October 2017 |access-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119205657/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41741071|archive-date=19 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="greaves-manager">{{cite web |url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |title=Tom Greaves appointed new Manager at FC United |work=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=21 November 2017 |access-date=21 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121121704/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7684 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greaves ya yi murabus a watan Agusta 2018, kuma aka maye gurbinsa da Dave Chadwick a matsayin manajan riƙo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tom Greaves resigns as manager of FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/tom-greaves-resigns-as-manager-of-fc-united-of-manchester |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> Daga nan aka naɗa Neil Reynolds a matsayin manaja a ranar 18 Oktoba 2018,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Neil Reynolds appointed as FC United Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/neil-reynolds-appointed-as-fc-united-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> matsayin da ya riƙe har zuwa ranar 11 Satumba 2024,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Club Statement: Neil Reynolds Departs as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/club-statement-neil-reynolds-departs-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> lokacin da aka sauke shi daga mukaminsa bayan rashin kyakkyawan farawa a kakar 2024–25. An maye gurbinsa da tsohon manajan [[Warrington Town F.C.|Warrington Town]], [[Mark Beesley]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Turner |first=Matt |date=2026-04-28 |title=A play-off meeting that was written in the stars for Rylands boss? |url=https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/sport/26056456.warrington-rylands-boss-face-old-club-play-off-clash/ |access-date=2026-08-12 |website=[[Warrington Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref> ===Jerin manajoji=== ''Bayanin ya yi daidai da wasan da aka buga a ranar 12 Maris 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FC Utd Managers List|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=4658&teamTabs=managers|access-date=2 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> Ana ƙirga wasannin gasa kawai.'' ;Ma'ana * Ana kawo sunayen [[caretaker manager|manajoji na riƙo]] inda aka san su, kuma ana rubuta sunayen manajoji na riƙo da ''italics'' tare da alamar tauraro (*). * Ana kawo sunayen [[Player-coach|manajoji 'yan wasa]] inda aka san su, kuma ana sanya musu alamar takobi biyu ({{double-dagger}}). {|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- |+Jerin manajojin F.C. United of Manchester |- !scope="col"|Suna !scope="col"|Ƙasa !scope="col"|Daga !scope="col"|Zuwa !scope="col"|Wasanni !scope="col"|Nasara !scope="col"|Canjaras{{#tag:ref|Ana ƙirga wasannin da aka yanke ta hanyar [[Penalty shoot-out (association football)|bugun fanareti]] a matsayin canjaras.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Rashin nasara !scope="col"|Kashi%{{#tag:ref|Ana [[Rounding|zagaye]] Kashi% zuwa wurare [[Decimal|biyu]] na goma.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="col"|Girmamawa !scope="col" class="unsortable"|{{Abbr|Refs.|Manazarta}} |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Karl|Marginson}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2005|6|22}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} {{WDL|450|215|96|139}} |[[Northern Premier League Premier Division]]:<br>Zakara: [[2014–15 Northern Premier League#Premier Division|2014–15]]<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2010–11 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2010–11]], [[2011–12 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2012–13]]<br>[[Northern Premier League Division One North]]:<br>Wadanda suka zo na biyu: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Division One North|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a wasannin neman matsayi: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Playoffs 2|2007–08]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Northern Premier League President's Cup]]: [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Cup Contests|2007–08]]<br>Zakaran [[North West Counties Football League|North West Counties League]] Division One: [[2006–07 North West Counties Football League#Division One|2006–07]]<br>Masu nasara a [[North West Counties Football League#League Cup winners|North West Counties League Challenge Cup]]: 2006–07<br>Zakaran North West Counties League Division Two: [[2005–06 North West Counties Football League#Division Two|2005–06]]<br>Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2016–17<br>Masu nasara a Supporters Direct Cup: 2006 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karl Marginson|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=3049|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}}''* {{double-dagger}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|10|24}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} {{WDL||||}} | |<ref name="Tom Greaves">{{Cite web|title=Tom Greaves|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4628|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Tom|Greaves}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|21}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} {{WDL|35|12|6|17}} |Masu nasara a [[Manchester Premier Cup]]: 2017–18 |<ref name="Tom Greaves"/> |- !scope="row"|''{{sortname|David|Chadwick|David Chadwick (football manager)}}''* |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|8|29}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} {{WDL|6|0|3|3}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|title=David Chadwick|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4940|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- !scope="row"|{{sortname|Neil|Reynolds|Neil Reynolds (football manager)}} |{{ENG}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|18}} |{{dts|format=dmy|2024|9|11}} {{WDL|114|45|26|43}} |Masu nasara a Brian Lomax Trophy: 2021 |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Neil Reynolds|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=4962|access-date=3 November 2021|website=Soccerbase|publisher=Centurycomm}}</ref> |- ![[Mark Beesley]] |{{ENG}} |22 Satumba 2024 |Yanzu | | | | | | | |} ===Ma'aikatan horarwa na yanzu=== {|class="wikitable" |- !Suna !Matsayi |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Mark Beesley]] |Manaja |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[David Raven (footballer)|David Raven]] |Mataimakin manaja |- |{{flagicon|CAN}} Callum Greenwood |Mai horar da masu tsaron gida |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Olivia Smith |Babbar ma'aikaciyar jinya ta ƙungiyar |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Joseph Winskill |Mai kula da kayan wasa |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Elsie Baxter |Mai horar da tawagar mata |- |{{flagicon|ENG}} Mark Thomas |Mataimakin babban koci |- |colspan="2"|Madogara:<ref name="F.C. United Squad">{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|title=First Team Squad|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=19 August 2021|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204015106/http://fc-utd.co.uk/squad.php?team=Y|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2|title=Reserve Squad|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=13 November 2015|access-date=13 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311042137/http://fc-utd.co.uk/m_squad.php?current=2 |archive-date=11 March 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Squad - Men's Team {{!}} FC United of Manchester |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/squad/first-team |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FC United of Manchester appoints Mark Beesley as First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-united-of-manchester-appoints-mark-beesley-as-first-team-manager |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> |} ==Girmamawa== F.C. United sun lashe kofunan gasar lig guda uku, kofunan lig guda biyu da kofunan gunduma guda biyu a tarihinsu.<ref name="F.C. honours">{{cite web|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/honours.php |title=F.C. United honours |website=fc-utd.co.uk |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |access-date=24 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408231141/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_honours.php |archive-date=8 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:FC United NWCFL2 trophy.jpg|thumb|F.C. United sun zama zakarun [[North West Counties Football League Division Two]] a kakar su ta farko (2005–06).|alt='Yan wasan F.C. United sun taru a kusa da kofin North West Counties League Division Two yayin da magoya baya ke daukar hotuna.]] '''Northern Premier League Premier Division''' ** Zakarun [[2014–15 Northern Premier League#Premier Division|2014–15]] ** Masu matsayi na biyu a wasannin neman gurbin shiga matakin gaba [[2010–11 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2010–11]], [[2011–12 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2011–12]], [[2012–13 Northern Premier League#Play-offs|2012–13]] '''Northern Premier League Division One North''' ** Masu matsayi na biyu [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Division One North|2007–08]] ** Masu nasara a wasannin neman gurbin shiga matakin gaba [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Playoffs 2|2007–08]] '''Northern Premier League President's Cup''' ** Masu nasara [[2007–08 Northern Premier League#Cup Contests|2007–08]] '''North West Counties League Division One''' ** Zakarun [[2006–07 North West Counties Football League#Division One|2006–07]] '''North West Counties League Division Two''' ** Zakarun [[2005–06 North West Counties Football League#Division Two|2005–06]] '''North West Counties League Challenge Cup''' ** Masu nasara 2006–07 '''Fenix Trophy''' ** Masu nasara 2021–22, [[2023–24 Fenix Trophy|2023–24]] '''Manchester Premier Cup''' ** Masu nasara 2016–17, 2017–18 '''Supporters Direct Cup''' ** Masu nasara 2006 '''Brian Lomax Trophy''' ** Masu nasara 2021 ==Kundin tarihi== *'''Mafi kyawun sakamako a [[FA Cup]]:''' Zagaye na biyu, 2010–11<ref name=FCHD1>{{fchd|id=FCUNITED|name=FC United of Manchester}}</ref> *'''Mafi kyawun sakamako a [[FA Trophy]]:''' Quarter Final, 2014–15<ref name=FCHD1/> *'''Mafi kyawun sakamako a [[FA Vase]]:''' Zagaye na uku, 2006–07<ref name=FCHD1/> ==A gasannin Turai== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !scope="col"|Kaka !scope="col"|Gasa !scope="col"|Zagaye !scope="col"|Abokan hamayya !scope="col"|Gida !scope="col"|Waje !scope="col"|Jimilla |- !rowspan="3" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2021–22 |rowspan="3"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="2"| Rukunin B | {{fbaicon|POL}} AKS Zły | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 10–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–6 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|ITA}} Brera | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–3 |- | Ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|CZE}} Prague Raptors | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2–0''' (Stadio Romeo Neri) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2022–23 |rowspan="4"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="2"| Rukunin A | {{fbaicon|BEL}} KSK Beveren | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–3 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|ESP}} CD Cuenca-Mestallistes | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 12–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 2–5 |- | Wasan kusa da ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|DEN}} BK Skjold | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| '''3–2''' (Arena Civica) |- | Wasan neman matsayi na uku | {{fbaicon|ITA}} Brera | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1–0''' (San Siro) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2023–24 |rowspan="4"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="2"| Rukunin C | {{fbaicon|POL}} Krakow Dragoons | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 14–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–4 | style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | '''Na 1''' |- | {{fbaicon|FRA}} Vinsky FC | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 0–4 |- | Wasan kusa da ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|ENG}} Lewes | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''1–0''' (Desenzano del Garda) |- | Ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|CZE}} Prague Raptors | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''4–0''' (Desenzano del Garda) |- !rowspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center"| 2024–25 |rowspan="4"| Fenix Trophy |rowspan="1"| Zagaye na 16 | {{fbaicon|CZE}} Prague Raptors | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 5–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 0–3 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;" rowspan=1 | '''8–0''' |- | rowspan="1"| Quarter-final | {{fbaicon|MNE}} FC Fans United | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| 4–1 | bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| 1–0 | bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;" rowspan=1 | '''4–2''' |- | Wasan kusa da ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|ENG}} Avro | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ddffdd" style="text-align:center;"| '''2–1''' (Lake Iseo) |- | Ƙarshe | {{fbaicon|SCO}} Caledonian Braves | colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffdddd" style="text-align:center;"| '''3–1''' (Lake Iseo) |- |} ==Ƙungiyar mata== Ƙungiyar matan F.C. United ta fara buga wasa a kakar 2012–13. Sun kammala a matsayi na biyu a [[Greater Manchester Women's Football League]], a bayan Manchester City Ladies.<ref name="GMWFL 2012-13">{{cite web|url=http://full-time.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do?psSelectedSeason=969786454&psSelectedDivision=4395233&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=1921716|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518200211/http://full-time.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do?psSelectedSeason=969786454&psSelectedDivision=4395233&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=1921716|url-status=dead|title=Greater Manchester Women's Football League 2012–13|work=FA Full Time|publisher=The Football Association|year=2013|access-date=31 May 2015|archive-date=18 May 2018}}</ref> Haka kuma sun kai wasan ƙarshe na GMWFL League Cup, amma Manchester City Ladies ta doke su da ci 0–1.<ref name="GMWFL 2012-13"/> Bayan sun sake kammala a matsayi na biyu a kakar 2013–14,<ref name="GMWFL 2013-14">{{cite web|url=http://full-time.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do?psSelectedSeason=793761654&psSelectedDivision=4395233&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=1921716|title=Greater Manchester Women's Football League 2013–14|work=FA Full Time|publisher=The Football Association|year=2014|access-date=31 May 2015}}{{Dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ƙungiyar ta lashe gasar lig da kofin a shekarar 2015, inda ta samu damar hawa zuwa [[North West Women's Regional Football League]] Division One South.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6189|title=Women's team complete league and cup double after 3–0 final win over Little Lever|work=fc-utd.co.uk |first=Rob |last=Fullen |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=10 May 2015|access-date=31 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417120449/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/m_story.php?story_id=6189 |archive-date=17 April 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Sun kammala a matsayi na biyu a kakar wasanni biyu da suka biyo baya, a bayan MSB Woolton Ladies a 2015–16 da Merseyrail Bootle a 2016–17, inda suka lashe kofin lig da kofin gunduma a kakar ta ƙarshe.<ref name="regional15-16">{{cite web|url=http://full-time.thefa.com/Index.do?divisionseason=814381369&league=4674028|title=North West Women's Regional League Division One South 2015–16|year=2016|work=FA Full Time|publisher=The Football Association|access-date=11 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202113020/http://full-time.thefa.com/Index.do?divisionseason=814381369&league=4674028|archive-date=2 February 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="regional16-17">{{cite web|url=http://full-time.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do;jsessionid=110E5D0E16DF1B14E5B8FA709EAA9D23?psSelectedSeason=914023650&psSelectedDivision=5756983&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=4674028|title=North West Women's Regional Football League Division One South 2016–17|access-date=3 September 2017|work=FA Full Time|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120627022727/http://full-time.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do|archive-date=27 June 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7456|title=FC's Women complete Cup Double in 10 goal thriller on Merseyside|work=fc-utd.co.uk |first=Rob |last=Fullen |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=17 May 2017|access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518103611/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7456 |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> A kakar 2017–18, ƙungiyar ta lashe kambunta na farko na Treble, inda ta kare kambun lig da na gunduma tare da samun damar hawa zuwa North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division bayan ta kammala kakar lig ba tare da an doke ta ba.<ref name="regional17-18">{{cite web|url=http://fulltime-league.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do?psSelectedSeason=804350446&psSelectedDivision=5756983&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=4674028|title=North West Women's Regional Football League Division One South 2017–18|access-date=18 May 2018|work=FA Full Time|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225150639/https://fulltime-league.thefa.com/ProcessPublicSelect.do?psSelectedSeason=804350446&psSelectedDivision=5756983&psSelectedCompetition=0&psSelectedLeague=4674028|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7896|title=FC's Women end league campaign unbeaten with a 10–1 victory at Curzon |work=fc-utd.co.uk |first=Rob |last=Fullen |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=12 May 2018|access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518105117/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7896 |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7906|title=Treble Heaven for FC's Women in thrilling League Cup Final Victory|work=fc-utd.co.uk |first=Rob |last=Fullen |publisher=F.C. United of Manchester |date=16 May 2018|access-date=18 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518101842/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/story.php?story_id=7906 |archive-date=18 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Bayan kakar wasanni biyu da aka dakatar saboda [[COVID-19 pandemic]] ba tare da samun hawa ko sauka ba,<ref>{{Cite web|date=15 March 2021|title=FA PROVIDES UPDATE ON TIERS 3–6 OF THE WOMEN'S FOOTBALL PYRAMID|url=https://www.thefa.com/news/2021/mar/15/womens-football-board-update-20210315|access-date=28 December 2021}}</ref> F.C. United na daga cikin ƙungiyoyin mata da suka samu damar hawa zuwa wani mataki ta hanyar tsarin neman gurbi. A sakamakon haka, ƙungiyar ta kai mataki na huɗu a karon farko a tarihinta.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FC United's women's team accepted into National League Division One North|url=http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/fc-uniteds-womens-team-accepted-into-national-league-division-one-north|access-date=2021-12-28|website=fc-utd.co.uk}}</ref> A kakar 2023–24, an mayar da su zuwa North West Women's Regional Football League. A halin yanzu Elsie Baxter ce ke horar da ƙungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elsie Baxter Appointed as FC United Women’s First Team Manager |url=https://fc-utd.co.uk/news-story/elsie-baxter-appointed-as-fc-united-womens-first-team-manager |access-date=2026-08-28 |website=fc-utd.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" |+ Tarihin gasar lig da kofuna na matan F.C. United of Manchester |- ! Kaka !! Rabe-rabe !! [[English football league system|Mataki]] !! Matsayi !! Matsakaicin yawan masu kallo !! Mafi yawan zura ƙwallo a lig !! [[Women's FA Cup|FA Cup]] !! Kofi |- | 2012–13 || [[Greater Manchester Women's Football League]] Premier Division<ref name="thefa.com">{{cite web|url=http://full-time.thefa.com/Index.do?league=1921716|title=Greater Manchester Women's Football League|work=FA Full Time|publisher=The Football Association|access-date=29 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815075739/http://full-time.thefa.com/Index.do?league=1921716|archive-date=15 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> || 7 || 2/9 || — || — || — || Ƙarshe |- | 2013–14 || Greater Manchester Women's Football League Division One<ref name="thefa.com" /> || 7 || 2/7 || — || — || — || Wasan kusa da ƙarshe (Challenge Cup)<br />Masu nasara (League Cup)^# |- bgcolor="#ace1af" | 2014–15 || Greater Manchester Women's Football League Division One<ref name="thefa.com" /> || 7 || 1/6 || — || — || — || Masu nasara (Challenge Cup)<br />Wasan kusa da ƙarshe (League Cup) |- | 2015–16 || [[North West Women's Regional Football League]] Division One South<ref name="regional15-16" /> || 6 || 2/8 || — || — || — || Masu matsayi na biyu (Manchester FA Cup) |- | 2016–17 || North West Women's Regional Football League Division One South<ref name="regional16-17" /><ref>{{cite web|title=F.C. United Women 2016–17 results|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=3 September 2017|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2016&team=4|archive-date=14 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614035730/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2016&team=4|url-status=live}}</ref> || 6 || 2/12 || — || — || [[2016–17 FA Women's Cup#Third round qualifying|3QR]] || Masu nasara (Manchester FA Cup)<br />Masu nasara (Argyle Cup) |- bgcolor="#ace1af" | 2017–18 || North West Women's Regional Football League Division One South<ref name="regional17-18" /><ref>{{cite web|title=F.C. United Women 2017–18 results|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=18 May 2018|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2017&team=4|archive-date=14 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614040331/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2017&team=4|url-status=live}}</ref> || 6 || 1/10 || 115 || Jessica Battle (46) || [[2017–18 FA Women's Cup#Second round qualifying|2QR]] || Masu nasara (Manchester FA Cup)<br />Masu nasara (Argyle Cup) |- | 2018–19 || North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division<ref name="regional18-19">{{cite web|url=http://fulltime-league.thefa.com/Index.do?divisionseason=639749502&league=4674028|title=North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division 2018–19|access-date=23 September 2019|work=FA Full Time|archive-date=24 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224143643/https://fulltime-league.thefa.com/Index.do?divisionseason=639749502&league=4674028|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="FCUM18-19">{{cite web|title=F.C. United Women 2018–19 results|work=fc-utd.co.uk|publisher=F.C. United of Manchester|access-date=23 September 2019|url=http://fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2018&team=4|archive-date=19 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819202453/http://www.fc-utd.co.uk/fixtures.php?year=2018&team=4|url-status=live}}</ref> || 5 || 2/11 || 105 || Jessica Battle (32) || [[2018–19 Women's FA Cup#First round proper|R1]] || Masu nasara (Manchester FA Cup)<br />Masu nasara (Argyle Cup) |- | 2019–20 || North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division<ref>{{Cite web|title=North West Womens Regional League|url=https://fulltime.thefa.com/index.html?selectedSeason=660391456&selectedFixtureGroupAgeGroup=0&selectedDivision=319275546&selectedCompetition=0|access-date=2021-12-28|publisher=The Football Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Association|first=The Football|title=Chelsea Women awarded Barclays FA WSL title and Aston Villa win Women's Championship|url=http://www.thefa.com/news/2020/jun/05/fa-womens-super-league-and-womens-championship-2019-20-seasons-decided-on-ppg-basis-050620|access-date=2021-12-28|publisher=The Football Association}}</ref> || 5 || N/A{{#tag:ref|An soke kakar 2019–20 a tsakiyarta saboda annobar COVID-19, kuma FA ta yanke hukuncin cewa za a cire sakamakon wasannin lig na matakai na 3 zuwa 7.|group=lower-alpha}} || — || N/A{{#tag:ref|Saboda an cire sakamakon kakar, ba a rubuta yawan ƙwallayen da aka zura a hukumance ba.|group=lower-alpha}} || [[2019–20 Women's FA Cup#Second round qualifying|2QR]] || |- bgcolor="#ace1af" | 2020–21 || North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division<ref>{{Cite web|last=Association|first=The Football|title=North West Womens Regional League|url=https://fulltime.thefa.com/index.html;jsessionid=33F6FE8CA5A267BE44CA7350DD860262?selectedSeason=863150702&selectedFixtureGroupAgeGroup=0&selectedDivision=319275546&selectedCompetition=0|access-date=2021-12-28|publisher=The Football Association}}</ref> || 5 || 2/11{{#tag:ref|An ayyana kakar 2020–21 a matsayin wadda ba a kammala ba, inda ƙungiyar ta samu hawa ta hanyar tsarin neman gurbi na FA.|group=lower-alpha}} || — || — || [[2020–21 Women's FA Cup#First round proper|R1]] || |- bgcolor="#fcc" | 2021–22 || [[FA Women's National League]] Division One North<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=The FA Women's National League|url=https://fulltime.thefa.com/index.html?selectedSeason=307003017&selectedFixtureGroupAgeGroup=0&selectedDivision=837604321&selectedCompetition=0|access-date=2021-12-28|publisher=The Football Association}}</ref> || 4 || 10/12 || || || [[2021–22 Women's FA Cup#First round proper|R1]] || |- bgcolor="#ace1af" | 2022–23 || North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division || 5 || 1/11 || — || — || [[2022–23 Women's FA Cup#First round proper|R1]] || |- bgcolor="#fcc" | 2023–24 | [[FA Women's National League]] Division One North<ref name=":0" /> | 4 | 12th<ref>{{Cite web |title=The FA Women's National League |url=https://fulltime.thefa.com/index.html?selectedSeason=356974228&selectedFixtureGroupAgeGroup=0&selectedDivision=837604321&selectedCompetition=0 |access-date=2024-06-18 |publisher=The Football Association}}</ref> | | | [[2023–24 Women's FA Cup#Second round proper|R2]] | Masu nasara (Manchester FA Cup) |- | 2024–25 | North West Women's Regional Football League Premier Division | 5 | 10/11 | | | [[2024–25 Women's FA Cup#Third round qualifying|3QR]] |} ^# An raba kofin tare da Middleton Athletic == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} l4tzaemit4k3rhxmmyxln67gd52xi5v 0 177839 961762 2026-10-02T07:03:04Z Sirjat 20447 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376703746|Old Trafford]]" 961762 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Filin wasa na Old Trafford''' / / ˈtræfərd / ) filin wasa ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|na ƙwallon ƙafa]] a yankin Old Trafford na Greater Manchester, Ingila. Shi ne gidan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] . Da yake ɗaukar 'yan kallo 74,158, shi ne mafi girman filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kulob a Burtaniya, kuma shine na goma sha ɗaya mafi girma a Turai . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester Sightseeing Bus Tours |url=http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716025339/http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |archive-date=16 July 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Yana da kusan rabin mil (mita 800) daga filin wasan kurket na Old Trafford da kuma tashar tram da ke kusa. An yi wa filin wasa na Old Trafford lakabi da "Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mafarkai" ta [[Bobby Charlton]], Old Trafford ya kasance gidan United tun 1910, kodayake daga 1941 zuwa 1949 kulob din ya raba Maine Road da abokan hamayyarsa na gida [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] saboda Blitz . An yi faɗaɗa filin wasa na Old Trafford sau da yawa a shekarun 1990 da 2000, ciki har da ƙara ƙarin matakai zuwa ga North, West da East Stands, kusan ya mayar da filin wasan zuwa matsayinsa na asali na ɗaukar 'yan kallo 80,000 a 2006, daga kusan 44,000 a 1993, bayan an mayar da shi filin wasa mai kujerun zama duka . Idan aka ƙara faɗaɗawa, akwai yiwuwar ƙara wani mataki na biyu a South Stand, wanda zai ƙara yawan 'yan wasa zuwa kusan 88,000, kodayake an yi wasu shawarwari don gina sabon filin wasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An yi rikodin yawan masu halartar filin wasan a shekarar 1939, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,962 suka kalli wasan kusa da na karshe [[FA Cup|na Kofin FA]] tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town . Old Trafford ta karbi bakuncin wasan karshe na cin kofin FA, zagaye na biyu na karshe kuma ana amfani da shi akai-akai a matsayin wurin tsaka-tsaki don wasannin kusa da na karshe na gasar. Ta kuma dauki nauyin wasannin Ingila, da wasannin da aka buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966, da gasar UEFA Euro ta 1996, da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar UEFA ta mata ta Euro ta 2022 . Filin wasan ya kuma dauki bakuncin wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2003 . A wajen ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da filin wasan a wasu lokutan don gasar rugby . Wannan shine wurin da za a yi gasar Super League Grand Final ta shekara-shekara ta Rugby Football League, kuma a da gasar Premiership Final ce, tun daga shekarar 1987. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance wurin da aka shirya gasar cin kofin duniya ta Rugby League sau huɗu - 1995, 2000, 2013, da 2021 (na maza da mata) . == Tarihi == === Gine-gine da shekarun farko === Kafin shekarar 1902, ana kiran Manchester United da Newton Heath, a lokacin ne suka fara buga wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa a North Road sannan suka buga Bank Street da ke Clayton . Duk da haka, dukkan filayen biyu sun fuskanci mummunan yanayi, wuraren sun fara daga tsakuwa zuwa dausayi, yayin da Bank Street ke fama da hayaki mai ƙarfi daga masana'antun da ke makwabtaka da ita. Saboda haka, bayan ceto ƙungiyar daga kusan durƙushewa da kuma sake sunanta, sabon shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ya yanke shawara a shekarar 1909 cewa filin wasa na Bank Street bai dace da ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar rukuni na farko da kuma [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] kwanan nan ba, don haka ya ba da gudummawar kuɗi don gina sabon filin wasa. Ba wanda zai kashe kuɗi ba tare da wata matsala ba, Davies ya yi bincike a kusa da Manchester don neman wurin da ya dace, kafin ya sauka a wani yanki na ƙasa kusa da Bridgewater Canal, kusa da ƙarshen arewa na Titin Warwick a Old Trafford . 1pj9rpsp3y2zgptmdzejvt96j9mf54w 961763 961762 2026-10-02T07:03:19Z Sirjat 20447 961763 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Filin wasa na Old Trafford''' / / ˈtræfərd / ) filin wasa ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|na ƙwallon ƙafa]] a yankin Old Trafford na Greater Manchester, Ingila. Shi ne gidan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] . Da yake ɗaukar 'yan kallo 74,158, shi ne mafi girman filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kulob a Burtaniya, kuma shine na goma sha ɗaya mafi girma a Turai . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester Sightseeing Bus Tours |url=http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716025339/http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |archive-date=16 July 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Yana da kusan rabin mil (mita 800) daga filin wasan kurket na Old Trafford da kuma tashar tram da ke kusa. An yi wa filin wasa na Old Trafford lakabi da "Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mafarkai" ta [[Bobby Charlton]], Old Trafford ya kasance gidan United tun 1910, kodayake daga 1941 zuwa 1949 kulob din ya raba Maine Road da abokan hamayyarsa na gida [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] saboda Blitz . An yi faɗaɗa filin wasa na Old Trafford sau da yawa a shekarun 1990 da 2000, ciki har da ƙara ƙarin matakai zuwa ga North, West da East Stands, kusan ya mayar da filin wasan zuwa matsayinsa na asali na ɗaukar 'yan kallo 80,000 a 2006, daga kusan 44,000 a 1993, bayan an mayar da shi filin wasa mai kujerun zama duka . Idan aka ƙara faɗaɗawa, akwai yiwuwar ƙara wani mataki na biyu a South Stand, wanda zai ƙara yawan 'yan wasa zuwa kusan 88,000, kodayake an yi wasu shawarwari don gina sabon filin wasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An yi rikodin yawan masu halartar filin wasan a shekarar 1939, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,962 suka kalli wasan kusa da na karshe [[FA Cup|na Kofin FA]] tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town . Old Trafford ta karbi bakuncin wasan karshe na cin kofin FA, zagaye na biyu na karshe kuma ana amfani da shi akai-akai a matsayin wurin tsaka-tsaki don wasannin kusa da na karshe na gasar. Ta kuma dauki nauyin wasannin Ingila, da wasannin da aka buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966, da gasar UEFA Euro ta 1996, da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar UEFA ta mata ta Euro ta 2022 . Filin wasan ya kuma dauki bakuncin wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2003 . A wajen ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da filin wasan a wasu lokutan don gasar rugby . Wannan shine wurin da za a yi gasar Super League Grand Final ta shekara-shekara ta Rugby Football League, kuma a da gasar Premiership Final ce, tun daga shekarar 1987. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance wurin da aka shirya gasar cin kofin duniya ta Rugby League sau huɗu - 1995, 2000, 2013, da 2021 (na maza da mata) . == Tarihi == === Gine-gine da shekarun farko === Kafin shekarar 1902, ana kiran Manchester United da Newton Heath, a lokacin ne suka fara buga wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa a North Road sannan suka buga Bank Street da ke Clayton . Duk da haka, dukkan filayen biyu sun fuskanci mummunan yanayi, wuraren sun fara daga tsakuwa zuwa dausayi, yayin da Bank Street ke fama da hayaki mai ƙarfi daga masana'antun da ke makwabtaka da ita. Saboda haka, bayan ceto ƙungiyar daga kusan durƙushewa da kuma sake sunanta, sabon shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ya yanke shawara a shekarar 1909 cewa filin wasa na Bank Street bai dace da ƙungiyar da ta lashe gasar rukuni na farko da kuma [[FA Cup|gasar cin kofin FA]] kwanan nan ba, don haka ya ba da gudummawar kuɗi don gina sabon filin wasa. Ba wanda zai kashe kuɗi ba tare da wata matsala ba, Davies ya yi bincike a kusa da Manchester don neman wurin da ya dace, kafin ya sauka a wani yanki na ƙasa kusa da Bridgewater Canal, kusa da ƙarshen arewa na Titin Warwick a Old Trafford . j5kuvnguukoda374tc8uq8ms2wdlbdn 961765 961763 2026-10-02T07:06:30Z Sirjat 20447 /* Tarihi */ 961765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Filin wasa na Old Trafford''' / / ˈtræfərd / ) filin wasa ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|na ƙwallon ƙafa]] a yankin Old Trafford na Greater Manchester, Ingila. Shi ne gidan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] . Da yake ɗaukar 'yan kallo 74,158, shi ne mafi girman filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kulob a Burtaniya, kuma shine na goma sha ɗaya mafi girma a Turai . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester Sightseeing Bus Tours |url=http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716025339/http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |archive-date=16 July 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Yana da kusan rabin mil (mita 800) daga filin wasan kurket na Old Trafford da kuma tashar tram da ke kusa. An yi wa filin wasa na Old Trafford lakabi da "Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mafarkai" ta [[Bobby Charlton]], Old Trafford ya kasance gidan United tun 1910, kodayake daga 1941 zuwa 1949 kulob din ya raba Maine Road da abokan hamayyarsa na gida [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] saboda Blitz . An yi faɗaɗa filin wasa na Old Trafford sau da yawa a shekarun 1990 da 2000, ciki har da ƙara ƙarin matakai zuwa ga North, West da East Stands, kusan ya mayar da filin wasan zuwa matsayinsa na asali na ɗaukar 'yan kallo 80,000 a 2006, daga kusan 44,000 a 1993, bayan an mayar da shi filin wasa mai kujerun zama duka . Idan aka ƙara faɗaɗawa, akwai yiwuwar ƙara wani mataki na biyu a South Stand, wanda zai ƙara yawan 'yan wasa zuwa kusan 88,000, kodayake an yi wasu shawarwari don gina sabon filin wasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An yi rikodin yawan masu halartar filin wasan a shekarar 1939, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,962 suka kalli wasan kusa da na karshe [[FA Cup|na Kofin FA]] tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town . Old Trafford ta karbi bakuncin wasan karshe na cin kofin FA, zagaye na biyu na karshe kuma ana amfani da shi akai-akai a matsayin wurin tsaka-tsaki don wasannin kusa da na karshe na gasar. Ta kuma dauki nauyin wasannin Ingila, da wasannin da aka buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966, da gasar UEFA Euro ta 1996, da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar UEFA ta mata ta Euro ta 2022 . Filin wasan ya kuma dauki bakuncin wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2003 . A wajen ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da filin wasan a wasu lokutan don gasar rugby . Wannan shine wurin da za a yi gasar Super League Grand Final ta shekara-shekara ta Rugby Football League, kuma a da gasar Premiership Final ce, tun daga shekarar 1987. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance wurin da aka shirya gasar cin kofin duniya ta Rugby League sau huɗu - 1995, 2000, 2013, da 2021 (na maza da mata) . ==Tarihi== ===Gini da shekarun farko=== Kafin shekarar 1902, ana kiran Manchester United da Newton Heath, a lokacin da suka fara buga wasanninsu na ƙwallon ƙafa a North Road, sannan daga baya a Bank Street da ke Clayton. Sai dai, filayen biyu suna fama da matsanancin yanayi, inda filayen suka kasance daga tsakuwa zuwa fadama, yayin da Bank Street ke fama da hayaƙin da ke fitowa daga masana'antun da ke makwabtaka da shi.<ref>Murphy, p. 14</ref> Saboda haka, bayan ceto ƙungiyar daga kusan durƙushewar kuɗi da kuma sauya mata suna, sabon shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ya yanke shawara a shekarar 1909 cewa filin Bank Street bai dace da ƙungiyar da ta lashe First Division da FA Cup kwanan nan ba, don haka ya bayar da kuɗi don gina sabon filin wasa.<ref>Murphy, p. 27</ref> Da yake ba ya son kashe kuɗi ba tare da tsari ba, Davies ya binciki wurare daban-daban a Manchester don nemo wurin da ya dace, kafin ya zaɓi wani fili kusa da Bridgewater Canal, kusa da arewacin ƙarshen Warwick Road a Old Trafford.<ref name="mccartney_9">McCartney (1996), p. 9</ref> Wani ɗan gine-gine ɗan Scotland mai suna Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin, wanda ya tsara wasu filayen wasa da dama. Da farko an tsara filin da damar ɗaukar 'yan kallo 100,000, tare da kujeru a babban ɓangaren kudu da ke ƙarƙashin rufi, yayin da sauran ɓangarori uku suka kasance wuraren tsayawa ba tare da rufi ba.<ref>Inglis, pp. 234–235</ref> Ciki har da kuɗin sayen filin, an tsara cewa gina filin wasan zai ci jimillar £60,000. Sai dai yayin da farashin ya fara ƙaruwa, cika damar da aka tsara zai ƙara kashe £30,000 fiye da kiyasin farko. Saboda shawarar sakataren ƙungiyar John Bentley, an rage damar ɗaukar filin zuwa kusan 80,000.<ref>White, p. 50</ref><ref>McCartney (1996), p. 13</ref> Duk da haka, a lokacin da kuɗin sayen 'yan wasa suke kusan £1,000, kuɗin gina filin ya ƙara ƙarfafa laƙabin ƙungiyar na "Moneybags United", wanda aka yi mata tun lokacin da Davies ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar.<ref>Inglis, p. 234</ref> A watan Mayu 1908, Archibald Leitch ya rubuta wa Cheshire Lines Committee (CLC) — wanda ke da tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da wurin da aka tsara gina filin ƙwallon ƙafar — domin ƙoƙarin shawo kansu su ba da tallafin gina babban ɗakin kallo da ke gefen layin dogo. Tallafin zai kasance £10,000, wanda za a biya a £2,000 a kowace shekara tsawon shekaru biyar, ko kuma rabin kuɗin shiga daga babban ɗakin kallo a kowace shekara har sai an biya bashin. Sai dai, duk da garantin bashin da ƙungiyar kanta da kuma wasu masana'antun giya biyu na yankin suka bayar, waɗanda shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ke jagoranta, Cheshire Lines Committee ta ƙi amincewa da shawarar.<ref>McCartney (1996), p. 10</ref> CLC ta shirya gina sabuwar tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da sabon filin wasan, inda aka yi hasashen samun £2,750 a kowace shekara daga kuɗin sufuri, wanda zai taimaka wajen rage kuɗin gina tashar da ya kai £9,800. An daga baya gina tashar — Trafford Park — amma a wani wuri da ya fi nisa a layin fiye da yadda aka tsara da farko.<ref name="mccartney_9"/> Daga baya CLC ta gina ƙaramar tashar mai dandamali guda ɗaya da aka yi da itace, kusa da filin wasan kai tsaye, kuma aka buɗe ta a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1935. Da farko ana kiranta United Football Ground,<ref>Butt (1995), p. 247</ref> amma aka sauya sunanta zuwa Old Trafford Football Ground a farkon shekarar 1936. A ranakun wasa kawai, jiragen ƙasa masu amfani da tururi daga Manchester Central railway station ne ke kai mata mutane.<ref>Butt, p. 178</ref> A yanzu ana kiranta Manchester United Football Ground.<ref>{{cite web |title=Manchester Utd Football Gd (MUF) |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |publisher=National Rail |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727132532/http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |archive-date=27 July 2011 }}</ref> Kamfanin Messrs Brameld and Smith na Manchester ne ya gudanar da aikin ginin<ref name="encyclopaedia">Barnes et al., pp. 44–47, 52</ref> kuma an kammala aikin a ƙarshen shekarar 1909. Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1910, lokacin da United ta karɓi bakuncin Liverpool. Sai dai ƙungiyar gida ta kasa bai wa magoya bayanta nasara a wannan rana, domin Liverpool ta yi nasara da ci 4–3. Sandy Turnbull ne ya ci ƙwallo ta farko da aka taɓa ci a Old Trafford. Wani ɗan jarida da ya halarci wasan ya bayyana filin wasan a matsayin "mafi kyau, mafi faɗi kuma mafi ban mamaki da na taɓa gani. A matsayin filin ƙwallon ƙafa, babu irinsa a duniya, abin alfahari ne ga Manchester da kuma gidan ƙungiyar da za ta iya yin abubuwan al'ajabi idan ta ga dama".<ref>White (2008), p. 50</ref> [[File:Old trafford stadium 1920s.jpg|thumb|Old Trafford a shekarun 1920]] Kafin a gina Wembley Stadium a shekarar 1923, ana gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup a filaye daban-daban a Ingila, ciki har da Old Trafford.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |title=FA Cup Final Venues |access-date=11 September 2016 |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |archive-date=8 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508211237/http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |url-status=live }}</ref> Na farko daga cikin waɗannan shi ne wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na 1911 tsakanin Bradford City da Newcastle United, bayan wasan farko a Crystal Palace ya ƙare babu ci bayan karin lokaci. Bradford ta yi nasara da ci 1–0, Jimmy Speirs ne ya ci ƙwallon, a gaban mutane 58,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |title=1911 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064001/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na biyu da aka gudanar a filin shi ne wasan ƙarshe na 1915 tsakanin Sheffield United da Chelsea. Sheffield United ta yi nasara da ci 3–0 a gaban kusan 'yan kallo 50,000, yawancinsu sojoji ne, wanda ya sa aka yi wa wasan laƙabin "Khaki Cup Final".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |title=1915 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060934/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |archive-date=11 March 2007 }}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1920, Old Trafford ya karɓi adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a wasan lig na United, inda 'yan kallo 70,504 suka kalli Red Devils suna rashin nasara da ci 3–1 a hannun Aston Villa.<ref>Murphy, p. 31</ref> Filin ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko na ƙasashen duniya daga baya a wannan shekaru goma, lokacin da Ingila ta sha kashi da ci 1–0 a hannun Scotland a gaban 'yan kallo 49,429 a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1926.<ref name="mccartney_17">McCartney (1996), p. 17</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The OT Story: 1910–1930 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=18 January 2010 |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013184919/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |archive-date=13 October 2012 }}</ref> Abin mamaki, adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa a Old Trafford ba a wasan gida na Manchester United aka samu ba. A maimakon haka, a ranar 25 ga Maris 1939, mutane 76,962 ne suka kalli wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na FA Cup tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town.<ref name="sky_sports">Rollin and Rollin, p. 254–255</ref> ===Harin bam a lokacin yaƙi=== {{multiple image | align = right | direction = horizontal | image1 = Garderobeinngang (old trafford) 1992.JPG | width1 = 147 | alt1 = | image2 = Manchester United (8051528418).jpg | width2 = 160 | alt2 = | footer = Ramin tsakiyar Old Trafford (hagu) shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na 1910 da ya tsira bayan harin bam na filin wasan a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Yanzu ana amfani da ramin kusurwa (dama) wajen da 'yan wasa ke wucewa a ranar wasa. }} A shekarar 1936, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gyaran filin da ya ci £35,000, an ƙara rufi mai tsawon yadi 80 a karon farko a kan United Road stand (wanda yanzu ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson Stand),<ref name="inglis_235">Inglis, p. 235</ref> yayin da aka ƙara rufi a kusurwoyin kudu a shekarar 1938.<ref name="rivalry">Brandon, pp. 179–180</ref> Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, sojoji sun ƙwace Old Trafford domin amfani da shi a matsayin ma'ajiyar kayayyaki.<ref name="mccartney_20">McCartney (1996), p. 20</ref> An ci gaba da buga ƙwallo a filin, amma wani harin bam na Jamus a Trafford Park a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1940 ya lalata filin wasan sosai, har aka tilasta sauya wasan ranar Kirsimeti da Stockport County zuwa filin Stockport.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> An dawo da buga ƙwallo a Old Trafford a ranar 8 ga Maris 1941, amma wani harin Jamus a ranar 11 ga Maris 1941 ya lalata yawancin filin wasan, musamman babban ɗakin kallo (wanda yanzu ake kira South Stand), lamarin da ya tilasta ƙungiyar ta koma gudanar da ayyukanta daga Cornbrook Cold Storage, mallakar shugaban United James W. Gibson.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> Bayan matsin lamba daga Gibson, War Damage Commission ta ba Manchester United £4,800 domin kwashe tarkace da kuma £17,478 domin sake gina ɗakunan kallo.<ref name="inglis_235"/> A lokacin sake gina filin wasan, Manchester United ta buga wasanninta na "gida" a Maine Road, gidan abokiyar hamayyarta ta cikin birni, Manchester City, kan kuɗin £5,000 a shekara tare da kaso daga kuɗin shiga daga ƙofar filin.<ref>Murphy, p. 45</ref> A wannan lokacin ƙungiyar tana da bashin £15,000, wanda hayar Maine Road ta ƙara tsananta, kuma ɗan majalisar Labour mai wakiltar Stoke, Ellis Smith, ya roƙi gwamnati ta ƙara kuɗin diyya ga ƙungiyar, amma hakan bai yi nasara ba.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Ko da yake an sake buɗe Old Trafford a shekarar 1949, duk da cewa ba shi da rufi, hakan na nufin an shafe kusan shekaru 10 ba a buga wasan lig a filin ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Philip |title=How Matt Busby arrived at Manchester United |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=1 February 2008 |access-date=21 August 2008 |location=London |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015045004/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |archive-date=15 October 2008 }}</ref> Wasan farko na United bayan komawa Old Trafford an buga shi a ranar 24 ga Agusta 1949, inda 'yan kallo 41,748 suka shaida nasarar da ci 3–0 a kan Bolton Wanderers.<ref>White (2008), p. 224</ref> ===Kammala babban shirin gyara=== An mayar da rufi a kan Main Stand a shekarar 1951, kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka rufe sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, aikin ya ƙare da ƙara rufi a Stretford End (wanda yanzu ake kira West Stand) a shekarar 1959.<ref name="rivalry"/> Ƙungiyar ta kuma kashe £40,000 wajen girka fitilun haske na musamman, domin ta sami damar amfani da filin wasan wajen wasannin Turai da ake buga da yamma a ranakun aiki, maimakon yin amfani da Maine Road. Domin guje wa inuwar da za ta rufe filin wasa, an cire wasu sassan biyu na rufin Main Stand.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Wasan farko da aka buga ƙarƙashin fitilun haske a Old Trafford shi ne wasan First Division tsakanin Manchester United da Bolton Wanderers a ranar 25 ga Maris 1957.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Sai dai, duk da cewa yanzu 'yan kallo za su iya ganin 'yan wasa da dare, har yanzu suna fama da matsalar rashin cikakken gani saboda ginshiƙan da ke ɗauke da rufin. Yayin da gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966 ke gabatowa, inda filin wasan zai karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wannan ya sa daraktocin United suka sake tsara United Road (arewa) stand gaba ɗaya. An maye gurbin tsoffin ginshiƙan rufin a shekarar 1965 da tsarin zamani na cantilever a saman rufin, wanda ya bai wa kowane mai kallo damar kallon wasa ba tare da wani abu ya hana gani ba,<ref name="rivalry"/> sannan aka faɗaɗa shi domin ɗaukar 'yan kallo 20,000 (10,000 masu zama da 10,000 masu tsayawa a gaba) kan kuɗin £350,000.<ref name="inglis_236">Inglis, p. 236</ref> Masu gine-ginen sabon ɗakin kallo, Mather and Nutter (wanda yanzu ake kira Atherden Fuller),<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> sun sake tsara tsarin ɗakin kallo ta yadda za a samu wurin tsayawa a gaba, babban wurin zama a baya, da kuma ɗakunan sirri na farko a filin ƙwallon ƙafa na Birtaniya. An sake gina east stand — wanda shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren da ya rage ba shi da rufi — cikin irin wannan tsari a shekarar 1973.<ref name=":0">Inglis, p. 237</ref> Bayan an mayar da ɗakunan kallo biyu na farko zuwa tsarin cantilever, masu filin wasan suka tsara wani shiri na dogon lokaci na yin hakan ga sauran ɗakunan kallo biyu da kuma mayar da filin wasan zuwa wani filin mai kama da kwano.<ref name="manutdzone">{{cite web |url=http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |title=Old Trafford 1909–2006 |access-date=11 December 2011 |publisher=manutdzone.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080217222825/http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |archive-date=17 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Irin wannan aikin zai taimaka wajen ƙara yanayi da hayaniya a cikin filin ta hanyar tattara sautin magoya baya da kuma mayar da shi zuwa filin wasa, inda 'yan wasan za su ji cikakken tasirin filin da ke cike da jama'a.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=OT atmosphere excites Ole |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=15 August 2006 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002143817/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A halin yanzu, filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na uku, inda 'yan kallo 62,078 suka kalli wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na 1970 tsakanin Chelsea da Leeds United; Chelsea ta yi nasara da ci 2–1. Filin ya kuma karɓi bakuncin wasan dawowa na 1968 Intercontinental Cup, inda Estudiantes de La Plata ta lashe kofin bayan an tashi 1–1.<ref>{{cite web |first=Martin |last=Macchiavello |title=Nostalgia Alá vista |url=http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |publisher=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |date=18 December 2009 |access-date=18 July 2010 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302232407/http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |archive-date=2 March 2012 }}</ref> A shekarun 1970, an samu gagarumin ƙaruwa na tarzomar magoya bayan ƙwallon ƙafa a Birtaniya,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |title=University of Liverpool FIG Factsheet – Hooliganism |access-date=4 September 2008 |last=Pearson |first=Geoff |date=December 2007 |work=Football Industry Group |publisher=University of Liverpool |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913004141/http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |archive-date=13 September 2008 }}</ref> kuma wani lamari na jefa wuƙa a shekarar 1971 ya tilasta ƙungiyar gina shingen kewaye da filin na farko a ƙasar, wanda ya hana magoya baya shiga filin wasa.<ref name="inglis_236"/> ===Sauya zuwa filin mai kujeru kawai=== [[File:Stretford end 1992.JPG|thumb|Stretford End kafin sake gina shi a farkon shekarun 1990]] Tare da kowace irin gyara da aka yi wa filin tun bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, damar ɗaukar mutane tana raguwa a hankali. Zuwa shekarun 1980, damar ta ragu daga 80,000 na asali zuwa kusan 60,000. Damar ta ƙara raguwa a shekarar 1990, lokacin da Taylor Report ya ba da shawara, kuma gwamnati ta buƙaci, a mayar da dukkan filayen First da Second Division zuwa filayen da ke da kujeru ga kowa. Wannan ya sa tsare-tsaren kashe £3–5&nbsp;miliyan domin maye gurbin Stretford End da sabon ɗakin kallo mai wurin tsayawa a gaba da rufin cantilever da zai haɗa shi da sauran filin suka zama dole a sauya su sosai.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Wannan sake gini da aka tilasta, wanda ya haɗa da cire wuraren tsayawa a gaban sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, ba kawai ya ƙara kuɗin aikin zuwa kusan £10&nbsp;miliyan ba, har ma ya rage damar Old Trafford zuwa mafi ƙarancin da aka taɓa samu, wato kusan 44,000.<ref name="inglis_238">Inglis, p. 238</ref> A shekarar 1992 kuma aka sanar da ƙungiyar cewa za ta samu £1.4&nbsp;miliyan ne kawai daga cikin £2&nbsp;miliyan da Football Trust zai iya bayarwa domin aikin da ya shafi Taylor Report.<ref>Inglis, pp. 238–239</ref> [[File:Old Trafford 1992 (outside).JPG|thumb|left|Wajen Old Trafford, 1992]] Sake samun nasarar ƙungiyar da kuma ƙaruwa da shahararta a farkon shekarun 1990 ya tabbatar da cewa dole ne a ƙara yin wasu gyare-gyare. A shekarar 1995, an rushe North Stand mai shekaru 30, kuma aka fara aikin gina sabon ɗakin kallo cikin sauri,<ref>James, pp. 405–6</ref> domin a kammala shi kafin Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da kuma wasan ƙarshe a Euro 96. Ƙungiyar ta sayi Trafford Park trading estate, wani fili mai girman {{convert|20|acre|ha|0|abbr=off|adj=on}}, wanda yake ɗaya gefen United Road, kan kuɗin £9.2&nbsp;miliyan a watan Maris 1995. An fara ginin a watan Yunin 1995 kuma aka kammala shi a watan Mayun 1996, inda aka buɗe matakai biyu na farko cikin uku na ɗakin kallo a lokacin kakar. Atherden Fuller ne ya tsara shi, tare da Hilstone Laurie a matsayin masu kula da aikin da gini, da Campbell Reith Hill a matsayin injiniyoyin tsarin ginin. Sabon ɗakin kallo mai hawa uku ya ci jimillar £18.65&nbsp;miliyan kuma yana da damar ɗaukar kusan mutane 25,500, wanda ya ɗaga damar ɗaukacin filin zuwa sama da 55,000. Rufin cantilever ɗin ya kasance mafi girma a Turai, yana da tsawon {{convert|58.5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} daga bangon baya zuwa gefen gaba.<ref name="inglis_239">Inglis, p. 239</ref> Ƙarin nasarori a cikin shekaru masu zuwa sun tabbatar da ƙarin gine-gine. Da farko, an ƙara bene na biyu a East Stand. Da aka buɗe shi a watan Janairun 2000, damar filin wasan ta ƙaru na ɗan lokaci zuwa kusan 61,000 har sai da aka buɗe bene na biyu na West Stand, wanda ya ƙara wasu kujeru 7,000, ya kawo jimillar damar zuwa 68,217. A wannan lokacin ba kawai shi ne filin ƙungiya mafi girma a Ingila ba, har ma shi ne mafi girma a duk faɗin Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |title=Old Trafford |access-date=21 August 2008 |publisher=waterscape.com |archive-date=3 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403023715/http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |url-status=live }}</ref> Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na Turai mafi girma na farko shekaru uku bayan haka, inda aka gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na UEFA Champions League na 2003 tsakanin Milan da Juventus.<ref>{{cite book |title=UEFA Champions League Statistics Handbook 2012/13 |year=2012 |publisher=Union of European Football Associations |location=Nyon |page=154 }}</ref> [[File:Old trafford february 2010.jpg|thumb|An buɗe East Stand da aka sake ginawa a farkon kakar 2000–01.]] Daga shekarar 2001 zuwa 2007, bayan rushe tsohon Wembley Stadium, ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ta tilasta buga wasanninta a wasu wurare. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar ta zagaya sassa daban-daban na ƙasar, inda ta buga wasanninta a wurare daban-daban. 63hwhjg9cq3lgj2255hn8fei4hfz79b 961769 961765 2026-10-02T07:08:42Z Sirjat 20447 /* Sauya zuwa filin mai kujeru kawai */ 961769 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Filin wasa na Old Trafford''' / / ˈtræfərd / ) filin wasa ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|na ƙwallon ƙafa]] a yankin Old Trafford na Greater Manchester, Ingila. Shi ne gidan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] . Da yake ɗaukar 'yan kallo 74,158, shi ne mafi girman filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kulob a Burtaniya, kuma shine na goma sha ɗaya mafi girma a Turai . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester Sightseeing Bus Tours |url=http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716025339/http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |archive-date=16 July 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Yana da kusan rabin mil (mita 800) daga filin wasan kurket na Old Trafford da kuma tashar tram da ke kusa. An yi wa filin wasa na Old Trafford lakabi da "Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mafarkai" ta [[Bobby Charlton]], Old Trafford ya kasance gidan United tun 1910, kodayake daga 1941 zuwa 1949 kulob din ya raba Maine Road da abokan hamayyarsa na gida [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] saboda Blitz . An yi faɗaɗa filin wasa na Old Trafford sau da yawa a shekarun 1990 da 2000, ciki har da ƙara ƙarin matakai zuwa ga North, West da East Stands, kusan ya mayar da filin wasan zuwa matsayinsa na asali na ɗaukar 'yan kallo 80,000 a 2006, daga kusan 44,000 a 1993, bayan an mayar da shi filin wasa mai kujerun zama duka . Idan aka ƙara faɗaɗawa, akwai yiwuwar ƙara wani mataki na biyu a South Stand, wanda zai ƙara yawan 'yan wasa zuwa kusan 88,000, kodayake an yi wasu shawarwari don gina sabon filin wasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An yi rikodin yawan masu halartar filin wasan a shekarar 1939, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,962 suka kalli wasan kusa da na karshe [[FA Cup|na Kofin FA]] tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town . Old Trafford ta karbi bakuncin wasan karshe na cin kofin FA, zagaye na biyu na karshe kuma ana amfani da shi akai-akai a matsayin wurin tsaka-tsaki don wasannin kusa da na karshe na gasar. Ta kuma dauki nauyin wasannin Ingila, da wasannin da aka buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966, da gasar UEFA Euro ta 1996, da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar UEFA ta mata ta Euro ta 2022 . Filin wasan ya kuma dauki bakuncin wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2003 . A wajen ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da filin wasan a wasu lokutan don gasar rugby . Wannan shine wurin da za a yi gasar Super League Grand Final ta shekara-shekara ta Rugby Football League, kuma a da gasar Premiership Final ce, tun daga shekarar 1987. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance wurin da aka shirya gasar cin kofin duniya ta Rugby League sau huɗu - 1995, 2000, 2013, da 2021 (na maza da mata) . ==Tarihi== ===Gini da shekarun farko=== Kafin shekarar 1902, ana kiran Manchester United da Newton Heath, a lokacin da suka fara buga wasanninsu na ƙwallon ƙafa a North Road, sannan daga baya a Bank Street da ke Clayton. Sai dai, filayen biyu suna fama da matsanancin yanayi, inda filayen suka kasance daga tsakuwa zuwa fadama, yayin da Bank Street ke fama da hayaƙin da ke fitowa daga masana'antun da ke makwabtaka da shi.<ref>Murphy, p. 14</ref> Saboda haka, bayan ceto ƙungiyar daga kusan durƙushewar kuɗi da kuma sauya mata suna, sabon shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ya yanke shawara a shekarar 1909 cewa filin Bank Street bai dace da ƙungiyar da ta lashe First Division da FA Cup kwanan nan ba, don haka ya bayar da kuɗi don gina sabon filin wasa.<ref>Murphy, p. 27</ref> Da yake ba ya son kashe kuɗi ba tare da tsari ba, Davies ya binciki wurare daban-daban a Manchester don nemo wurin da ya dace, kafin ya zaɓi wani fili kusa da Bridgewater Canal, kusa da arewacin ƙarshen Warwick Road a Old Trafford.<ref name="mccartney_9">McCartney (1996), p. 9</ref> Wani ɗan gine-gine ɗan Scotland mai suna Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin, wanda ya tsara wasu filayen wasa da dama. Da farko an tsara filin da damar ɗaukar 'yan kallo 100,000, tare da kujeru a babban ɓangaren kudu da ke ƙarƙashin rufi, yayin da sauran ɓangarori uku suka kasance wuraren tsayawa ba tare da rufi ba.<ref>Inglis, pp. 234–235</ref> Ciki har da kuɗin sayen filin, an tsara cewa gina filin wasan zai ci jimillar £60,000. Sai dai yayin da farashin ya fara ƙaruwa, cika damar da aka tsara zai ƙara kashe £30,000 fiye da kiyasin farko. Saboda shawarar sakataren ƙungiyar John Bentley, an rage damar ɗaukar filin zuwa kusan 80,000.<ref>White, p. 50</ref><ref>McCartney (1996), p. 13</ref> Duk da haka, a lokacin da kuɗin sayen 'yan wasa suke kusan £1,000, kuɗin gina filin ya ƙara ƙarfafa laƙabin ƙungiyar na "Moneybags United", wanda aka yi mata tun lokacin da Davies ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar.<ref>Inglis, p. 234</ref> A watan Mayu 1908, Archibald Leitch ya rubuta wa Cheshire Lines Committee (CLC) — wanda ke da tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da wurin da aka tsara gina filin ƙwallon ƙafar — domin ƙoƙarin shawo kansu su ba da tallafin gina babban ɗakin kallo da ke gefen layin dogo. Tallafin zai kasance £10,000, wanda za a biya a £2,000 a kowace shekara tsawon shekaru biyar, ko kuma rabin kuɗin shiga daga babban ɗakin kallo a kowace shekara har sai an biya bashin. Sai dai, duk da garantin bashin da ƙungiyar kanta da kuma wasu masana'antun giya biyu na yankin suka bayar, waɗanda shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ke jagoranta, Cheshire Lines Committee ta ƙi amincewa da shawarar.<ref>McCartney (1996), p. 10</ref> CLC ta shirya gina sabuwar tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da sabon filin wasan, inda aka yi hasashen samun £2,750 a kowace shekara daga kuɗin sufuri, wanda zai taimaka wajen rage kuɗin gina tashar da ya kai £9,800. An daga baya gina tashar — Trafford Park — amma a wani wuri da ya fi nisa a layin fiye da yadda aka tsara da farko.<ref name="mccartney_9"/> Daga baya CLC ta gina ƙaramar tashar mai dandamali guda ɗaya da aka yi da itace, kusa da filin wasan kai tsaye, kuma aka buɗe ta a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1935. Da farko ana kiranta United Football Ground,<ref>Butt (1995), p. 247</ref> amma aka sauya sunanta zuwa Old Trafford Football Ground a farkon shekarar 1936. A ranakun wasa kawai, jiragen ƙasa masu amfani da tururi daga Manchester Central railway station ne ke kai mata mutane.<ref>Butt, p. 178</ref> A yanzu ana kiranta Manchester United Football Ground.<ref>{{cite web |title=Manchester Utd Football Gd (MUF) |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |publisher=National Rail |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727132532/http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |archive-date=27 July 2011 }}</ref> Kamfanin Messrs Brameld and Smith na Manchester ne ya gudanar da aikin ginin<ref name="encyclopaedia">Barnes et al., pp. 44–47, 52</ref> kuma an kammala aikin a ƙarshen shekarar 1909. Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1910, lokacin da United ta karɓi bakuncin Liverpool. Sai dai ƙungiyar gida ta kasa bai wa magoya bayanta nasara a wannan rana, domin Liverpool ta yi nasara da ci 4–3. Sandy Turnbull ne ya ci ƙwallo ta farko da aka taɓa ci a Old Trafford. Wani ɗan jarida da ya halarci wasan ya bayyana filin wasan a matsayin "mafi kyau, mafi faɗi kuma mafi ban mamaki da na taɓa gani. A matsayin filin ƙwallon ƙafa, babu irinsa a duniya, abin alfahari ne ga Manchester da kuma gidan ƙungiyar da za ta iya yin abubuwan al'ajabi idan ta ga dama".<ref>White (2008), p. 50</ref> [[File:Old trafford stadium 1920s.jpg|thumb|Old Trafford a shekarun 1920]] Kafin a gina Wembley Stadium a shekarar 1923, ana gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup a filaye daban-daban a Ingila, ciki har da Old Trafford.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |title=FA Cup Final Venues |access-date=11 September 2016 |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |archive-date=8 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508211237/http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |url-status=live }}</ref> Na farko daga cikin waɗannan shi ne wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na 1911 tsakanin Bradford City da Newcastle United, bayan wasan farko a Crystal Palace ya ƙare babu ci bayan karin lokaci. Bradford ta yi nasara da ci 1–0, Jimmy Speirs ne ya ci ƙwallon, a gaban mutane 58,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |title=1911 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064001/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na biyu da aka gudanar a filin shi ne wasan ƙarshe na 1915 tsakanin Sheffield United da Chelsea. Sheffield United ta yi nasara da ci 3–0 a gaban kusan 'yan kallo 50,000, yawancinsu sojoji ne, wanda ya sa aka yi wa wasan laƙabin "Khaki Cup Final".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |title=1915 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060934/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |archive-date=11 March 2007 }}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1920, Old Trafford ya karɓi adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a wasan lig na United, inda 'yan kallo 70,504 suka kalli Red Devils suna rashin nasara da ci 3–1 a hannun Aston Villa.<ref>Murphy, p. 31</ref> Filin ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko na ƙasashen duniya daga baya a wannan shekaru goma, lokacin da Ingila ta sha kashi da ci 1–0 a hannun Scotland a gaban 'yan kallo 49,429 a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1926.<ref name="mccartney_17">McCartney (1996), p. 17</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The OT Story: 1910–1930 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=18 January 2010 |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013184919/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |archive-date=13 October 2012 }}</ref> Abin mamaki, adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa a Old Trafford ba a wasan gida na Manchester United aka samu ba. A maimakon haka, a ranar 25 ga Maris 1939, mutane 76,962 ne suka kalli wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na FA Cup tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town.<ref name="sky_sports">Rollin and Rollin, p. 254–255</ref> ===Harin bam a lokacin yaƙi=== {{multiple image | align = right | direction = horizontal | image1 = Garderobeinngang (old trafford) 1992.JPG | width1 = 147 | alt1 = | image2 = Manchester United (8051528418).jpg | width2 = 160 | alt2 = | footer = Ramin tsakiyar Old Trafford (hagu) shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na 1910 da ya tsira bayan harin bam na filin wasan a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Yanzu ana amfani da ramin kusurwa (dama) wajen da 'yan wasa ke wucewa a ranar wasa. }} A shekarar 1936, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gyaran filin da ya ci £35,000, an ƙara rufi mai tsawon yadi 80 a karon farko a kan United Road stand (wanda yanzu ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson Stand),<ref name="inglis_235">Inglis, p. 235</ref> yayin da aka ƙara rufi a kusurwoyin kudu a shekarar 1938.<ref name="rivalry">Brandon, pp. 179–180</ref> Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, sojoji sun ƙwace Old Trafford domin amfani da shi a matsayin ma'ajiyar kayayyaki.<ref name="mccartney_20">McCartney (1996), p. 20</ref> An ci gaba da buga ƙwallo a filin, amma wani harin bam na Jamus a Trafford Park a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1940 ya lalata filin wasan sosai, har aka tilasta sauya wasan ranar Kirsimeti da Stockport County zuwa filin Stockport.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> An dawo da buga ƙwallo a Old Trafford a ranar 8 ga Maris 1941, amma wani harin Jamus a ranar 11 ga Maris 1941 ya lalata yawancin filin wasan, musamman babban ɗakin kallo (wanda yanzu ake kira South Stand), lamarin da ya tilasta ƙungiyar ta koma gudanar da ayyukanta daga Cornbrook Cold Storage, mallakar shugaban United James W. Gibson.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> Bayan matsin lamba daga Gibson, War Damage Commission ta ba Manchester United £4,800 domin kwashe tarkace da kuma £17,478 domin sake gina ɗakunan kallo.<ref name="inglis_235"/> A lokacin sake gina filin wasan, Manchester United ta buga wasanninta na "gida" a Maine Road, gidan abokiyar hamayyarta ta cikin birni, Manchester City, kan kuɗin £5,000 a shekara tare da kaso daga kuɗin shiga daga ƙofar filin.<ref>Murphy, p. 45</ref> A wannan lokacin ƙungiyar tana da bashin £15,000, wanda hayar Maine Road ta ƙara tsananta, kuma ɗan majalisar Labour mai wakiltar Stoke, Ellis Smith, ya roƙi gwamnati ta ƙara kuɗin diyya ga ƙungiyar, amma hakan bai yi nasara ba.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Ko da yake an sake buɗe Old Trafford a shekarar 1949, duk da cewa ba shi da rufi, hakan na nufin an shafe kusan shekaru 10 ba a buga wasan lig a filin ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Philip |title=How Matt Busby arrived at Manchester United |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=1 February 2008 |access-date=21 August 2008 |location=London |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015045004/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |archive-date=15 October 2008 }}</ref> Wasan farko na United bayan komawa Old Trafford an buga shi a ranar 24 ga Agusta 1949, inda 'yan kallo 41,748 suka shaida nasarar da ci 3–0 a kan Bolton Wanderers.<ref>White (2008), p. 224</ref> ===Kammala babban shirin gyara=== An mayar da rufi a kan Main Stand a shekarar 1951, kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka rufe sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, aikin ya ƙare da ƙara rufi a Stretford End (wanda yanzu ake kira West Stand) a shekarar 1959.<ref name="rivalry"/> Ƙungiyar ta kuma kashe £40,000 wajen girka fitilun haske na musamman, domin ta sami damar amfani da filin wasan wajen wasannin Turai da ake buga da yamma a ranakun aiki, maimakon yin amfani da Maine Road. Domin guje wa inuwar da za ta rufe filin wasa, an cire wasu sassan biyu na rufin Main Stand.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Wasan farko da aka buga ƙarƙashin fitilun haske a Old Trafford shi ne wasan First Division tsakanin Manchester United da Bolton Wanderers a ranar 25 ga Maris 1957.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Sai dai, duk da cewa yanzu 'yan kallo za su iya ganin 'yan wasa da dare, har yanzu suna fama da matsalar rashin cikakken gani saboda ginshiƙan da ke ɗauke da rufin. Yayin da gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966 ke gabatowa, inda filin wasan zai karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wannan ya sa daraktocin United suka sake tsara United Road (arewa) stand gaba ɗaya. An maye gurbin tsoffin ginshiƙan rufin a shekarar 1965 da tsarin zamani na cantilever a saman rufin, wanda ya bai wa kowane mai kallo damar kallon wasa ba tare da wani abu ya hana gani ba,<ref name="rivalry"/> sannan aka faɗaɗa shi domin ɗaukar 'yan kallo 20,000 (10,000 masu zama da 10,000 masu tsayawa a gaba) kan kuɗin £350,000.<ref name="inglis_236">Inglis, p. 236</ref> Masu gine-ginen sabon ɗakin kallo, Mather and Nutter (wanda yanzu ake kira Atherden Fuller),<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> sun sake tsara tsarin ɗakin kallo ta yadda za a samu wurin tsayawa a gaba, babban wurin zama a baya, da kuma ɗakunan sirri na farko a filin ƙwallon ƙafa na Birtaniya. An sake gina east stand — wanda shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren da ya rage ba shi da rufi — cikin irin wannan tsari a shekarar 1973.<ref name=":0">Inglis, p. 237</ref> Bayan an mayar da ɗakunan kallo biyu na farko zuwa tsarin cantilever, masu filin wasan suka tsara wani shiri na dogon lokaci na yin hakan ga sauran ɗakunan kallo biyu da kuma mayar da filin wasan zuwa wani filin mai kama da kwano.<ref name="manutdzone">{{cite web |url=http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |title=Old Trafford 1909–2006 |access-date=11 December 2011 |publisher=manutdzone.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080217222825/http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |archive-date=17 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Irin wannan aikin zai taimaka wajen ƙara yanayi da hayaniya a cikin filin ta hanyar tattara sautin magoya baya da kuma mayar da shi zuwa filin wasa, inda 'yan wasan za su ji cikakken tasirin filin da ke cike da jama'a.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=OT atmosphere excites Ole |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=15 August 2006 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002143817/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A halin yanzu, filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na uku, inda 'yan kallo 62,078 suka kalli wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na 1970 tsakanin Chelsea da Leeds United; Chelsea ta yi nasara da ci 2–1. Filin ya kuma karɓi bakuncin wasan dawowa na 1968 Intercontinental Cup, inda Estudiantes de La Plata ta lashe kofin bayan an tashi 1–1.<ref>{{cite web |first=Martin |last=Macchiavello |title=Nostalgia Alá vista |url=http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |publisher=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |date=18 December 2009 |access-date=18 July 2010 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302232407/http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |archive-date=2 March 2012 }}</ref> A shekarun 1970, an samu gagarumin ƙaruwa na tarzomar magoya bayan ƙwallon ƙafa a Birtaniya,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |title=University of Liverpool FIG Factsheet – Hooliganism |access-date=4 September 2008 |last=Pearson |first=Geoff |date=December 2007 |work=Football Industry Group |publisher=University of Liverpool |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913004141/http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |archive-date=13 September 2008 }}</ref> kuma wani lamari na jefa wuƙa a shekarar 1971 ya tilasta ƙungiyar gina shingen kewaye da filin na farko a ƙasar, wanda ya hana magoya baya shiga filin wasa.<ref name="inglis_236"/> ===Sauya zuwa filin mai kujeru kawai=== [[File:Stretford end 1992.JPG|thumb|Stretford End kafin sake gina shi a farkon shekarun 1990]] Tare da kowace irin gyara da aka yi wa filin tun bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, damar ɗaukar mutane tana raguwa a hankali. Zuwa shekarun 1980, damar ta ragu daga 80,000 na asali zuwa kusan 60,000. Damar ta ƙara raguwa a shekarar 1990, lokacin da Taylor Report ya ba da shawara, kuma gwamnati ta buƙaci, a mayar da dukkan filayen First da Second Division zuwa filayen da ke da kujeru ga kowa. Wannan ya sa tsare-tsaren kashe £3–5&nbsp;miliyan domin maye gurbin Stretford End da sabon ɗakin kallo mai wurin tsayawa a gaba da rufin cantilever da zai haɗa shi da sauran filin suka zama dole a sauya su sosai.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Wannan sake gini da aka tilasta, wanda ya haɗa da cire wuraren tsayawa a gaban sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, ba kawai ya ƙara kuɗin aikin zuwa kusan £10&nbsp;miliyan ba, har ma ya rage damar Old Trafford zuwa mafi ƙarancin da aka taɓa samu, wato kusan 44,000.<ref name="inglis_238">Inglis, p. 238</ref> A shekarar 1992 kuma aka sanar da ƙungiyar cewa za ta samu £1.4&nbsp;miliyan ne kawai daga cikin £2&nbsp;miliyan da Football Trust zai iya bayarwa domin aikin da ya shafi Taylor Report.<ref>Inglis, pp. 238–239</ref> [[File:Old Trafford 1992 (outside).JPG|thumb|left|Wajen Old Trafford, 1992]] Sake samun nasarar ƙungiyar da kuma ƙaruwa da shahararta a farkon shekarun 1990 ya tabbatar da cewa dole ne a ƙara yin wasu gyare-gyare. A shekarar 1995, an rushe North Stand mai shekaru 30, kuma aka fara aikin gina sabon ɗakin kallo cikin sauri,<ref>James, pp. 405–6</ref> domin a kammala shi kafin Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da kuma wasan ƙarshe a Euro 96. Ƙungiyar ta sayi Trafford Park trading estate, wani fili mai girman {{convert|20|acre|ha|0|abbr=off|adj=on}}, wanda yake ɗaya gefen United Road, kan kuɗin £9.2&nbsp;miliyan a watan Maris 1995. An fara ginin a watan Yunin 1995 kuma aka kammala shi a watan Mayun 1996, inda aka buɗe matakai biyu na farko cikin uku na ɗakin kallo a lokacin kakar. Atherden Fuller ne ya tsara shi, tare da Hilstone Laurie a matsayin masu kula da aikin da gini, da Campbell Reith Hill a matsayin injiniyoyin tsarin ginin. Sabon ɗakin kallo mai hawa uku ya ci jimillar £18.65&nbsp;miliyan kuma yana da damar ɗaukar kusan mutane 25,500, wanda ya ɗaga damar ɗaukacin filin zuwa sama da 55,000. Rufin cantilever ɗin ya kasance mafi girma a Turai, yana da tsawon {{convert|58.5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} daga bangon baya zuwa gefen gaba.<ref name="inglis_239">Inglis, p. 239</ref> Ƙarin nasarori a cikin shekaru masu zuwa sun tabbatar da ƙarin gine-gine. Da farko, an ƙara bene na biyu a East Stand. Da aka buɗe shi a watan Janairun 2000, damar filin wasan ta ƙaru na ɗan lokaci zuwa kusan 61,000 har sai da aka buɗe bene na biyu na West Stand, wanda ya ƙara wasu kujeru 7,000, ya kawo jimillar damar zuwa 68,217. A wannan lokacin ba kawai shi ne filin ƙungiya mafi girma a Ingila ba, har ma shi ne mafi girma a duk faɗin Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |title=Old Trafford |access-date=21 August 2008 |publisher=waterscape.com |archive-date=3 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403023715/http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |url-status=live }}</ref> Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na Turai mafi girma na farko shekaru uku bayan haka, inda aka gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na UEFA Champions League na 2003 tsakanin Milan da Juventus.<ref>{{cite book |title=UEFA Champions League Statistics Handbook 2012/13 |year=2012 |publisher=Union of European Football Associations |location=Nyon |page=154 }}</ref> [[File:Old trafford february 2010.jpg|thumb|An buɗe East Stand da aka sake ginawa a farkon kakar 2000–01.]] Daga shekarar 2001 zuwa 2007, bayan rushe tsohon Wembley Stadium, an tilasta wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila buga wasanninta a wasu wurare. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar ta zagaya ƙasar, inda ta buga wasanninta a filaye daban-daban daga Villa Park da ke Birmingham zuwa St James' Park da ke Newcastle. A wannan lokaci, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin gida 14 daga cikin 34 na Ingila, fiye da kowane filin wasa, na ƙarshe daga cikinsu shi ne rashin nasarar da Ingila ta yi da ci 1–0 a hannun Spain a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title=Men's Senior Team Results |url=http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |access-date=31 January 2010 |archive-date=31 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131224425/http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> An buga wasan a gaban 'yan kallo 58,207.<ref>{{cite news |first=John |last=Sinnott |title=England 0–1 Spain |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=7 February 2007 |access-date=9 September 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070824100909/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |archive-date=24 August 2007 }}</ref> ===Faɗaɗa filin a 2006=== [[File:Old Trafford model.jpg|thumb|Samfurin Old Trafford mai ma'auni na Peter Oldfield-Edwards da aka nuna a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Maris 2010]] Faɗaɗa Old Trafford na baya-bayan nan, wanda aka gudanar tsakanin Yulin 2005 da Mayun 2006, ya ƙara kusan kujeru 8,000 ta hanyar ƙara bene na biyu a sassan arewa maso yamma da arewa maso gabas na filin.<ref name="manutdzone"/> An fara amfani da wani ɓangare na sabbin kujerun a ranar 26 ga Maris 2006, lokacin da yawan 'yan kallo 69,070 ya zama sabon tarihin Premier League.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 3–0 Birmingham |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 March 2006 |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120125023/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 }}</ref> An ci gaba da ƙara wannan tarihi har sai da ya kai matsayinsa na yanzu a ranar 31 ga Maris 2007, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,098 suka kalli United ta doke Blackburn Rovers da ci 4–1, wanda ke nufin kujeru 114 kacal (0.15% na jimillar damar ɗaukar mutane 76,212) suka kasance babu kowa.<ref name="united4_blackburn1">{{cite news |first=Nick |last=Coppack |title=Report: United 4 Blackburn 1 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=31 March 2007 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216043425/http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> A shekarar 2009, sake tsara kujerun filin wasan ya rage damar ɗaukar mutane da 255 zuwa 75,957, wanda ke nufin tarihin yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar zai ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa wani sabon faɗaɗawa.<ref name="inside_united">{{cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Steve |editor1-first=Ian |editor1-last=McLeish |date=March 2010 |title=Design for life |journal=Inside United |issue=212 |pages=44–48 |publisher=Haymarket Network |issn=1749-6497 }}</ref><ref name="record_gate">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #9: Record gate |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 November 2009 |access-date=19 November 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216030119/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> [[File:Brazil Belarus kickoff.JPG|thumb|left|Old Trafford yayin wani wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012]] Old Trafford ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 2010. Domin tunawa da wannan lokaci, shafin yanar gizon Manchester United na hukuma ya wallafa wani shiri wanda a cikinsa aka nuna wani muhimmin abin tunawa daga tarihin filin wasan a kowace rana daga cikin kwanaki 100 da suka gabaci ranar cika shekaru.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=My Old Trafford |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=25 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232234/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> Daga cikin waɗannan abubuwa 100, wani kwamiti da ya haɗa da masanin kididdigar ƙungiyar Cliff Butler, ɗan jarida David Meek, da tsoffin 'yan wasa Paddy Crerand da Wilf McGuinness ya zaɓi guda 10 mafi muhimmanci.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100: The Top 10 revealed |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232444/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A Old Trafford kansa, an gudanar da gasar zane-zane ga ɗalibai daga makarantu uku na yankin domin su ƙirƙiri yadda suke ganin filin wasan a baya, yanzu da kuma nan gaba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT art competition |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003063025/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> An ajiye zane-zanen da suka yi nasara a matsayin nunin dindindin a hanyar shiga babban ɓangaren iyalai na Old Trafford, kuma mai zane Harold Riley ya ba waɗanda suka yi nasara kyaututtuka a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=New OT exhibit unveiled |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211035534/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |archive-date=11 December 2010 }}</ref> Tsohon mai tsaron gida Jack Crompton da babban jami'in gudanarwa David Gill ne suka buɗe wani baje koli game da filin wasan a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit"/> Baje kolin ya nuna tarihin filin wasan tare da abubuwan tunawa daga baya, ciki har da shirin wasan farko da kuma samfurin filin mai ma'auni 1:220 wanda mai ƙera samfura Peter Oldfield-Edwards ya gina da hannu.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT history on display |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223140805/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |archive-date=23 December 2011 }}</ref> A ƙarshe, a wasan gida na Manchester United da Fulham a ranar 14 ga Maris, magoya bayan da suka halarci wasan sun samu kwafin shirin wasan farko na Old Trafford, sannan a lokacin hutun rabin lokaci dangin 'yan wasan da suka buga wasan farko — da kuma dangin shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies da mai tsara filin wasan Archibald Leitch — suka shiga aikin binne wani akwati na abubuwan tunawa da Manchester United kusa da ramin tsakiyar filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=Stadium set for centenary match |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=12 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208083213/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |archive-date=8 February 2012 }}</ref> Ba a iya gano dangin winger Billy Meredith, wing-half Dick Duckworth da sakataren ƙungiyar Ernest Mangnall ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=Dream day for 1910 relatives |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216081325/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |archive-date=16 February 2011 }}</ref> An yi amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da wasanni da dama na gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=Old Trafford |url=http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |work=London2012.com |publisher=London 2012 |access-date=2 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123125022/http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |archive-date=23 January 2013 }}</ref> Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni biyar, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da wasan ƙarshe a gasar maza, da kuma wasan rukuni guda ɗaya da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe a gasar mata, wanda ya kasance sanannen wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin Canada da United States,<ref>{{cite web |title=Football – event schedule |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/17092335 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 March 2012 |access-date=28 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422130437/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/17092335 |archive-date=22 April 2014 }}</ref> kuma su ne wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na mata na ƙasashen duniya na farko da aka taɓa gudanar a filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sam |last=Borden |title=Rare at Old Trafford: A Women's Match |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=30 July 2012 |access-date=31 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731231824/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |archive-date=31 July 2012 }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2006, ana kuma amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da Soccer Aid, wasan sadaka da ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru biyu, wanda mawaki Robbie Williams da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Jonathan Wilkes suka fara shirya; sai dai a shekarar 2008 an gudanar da wasan a Wembley Stadium.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sean |last=Gibson |title=Soccer Aid 2016, England vs Rest of the World: What time is kick-off, what are the teams and which TV channel is it on? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |website=The Telegraph |date=3 June 2016 |access-date=3 June 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605042626/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |archive-date=5 June 2016 }}</ref> [[File:Old Trafford, April 2020 (04).jpg|thumb|Girmamawar Old Trafford ga Hukumar Kiwon Lafiya ta Ƙasa a lokacin annobar COVID-19]] A ranar 27 ga Maris 2021, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan farko na ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United, inda West Ham United ta kasance abokiyar hamayya a gasar Women's Super League.<ref>{{Cite press release|date=16 March 2021|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/Manchester-United-Women-to-play-at-Old-Trafford-for-the-very-first-time|title=MU Women to play first-ever match at Old Trafford|website=Manchester United|access-date=25 March 2021|archive-date=19 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319011528/https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/manchester-united-women-to-play-at-old-trafford-for-the-very-first-time|url-status=live}}</ref> Daidai shekara guda bayan haka, ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United ta kara da Everton a Old Trafford a gaban 'yan kallo a karon farko (wasan 2021 an buga shi ba tare da 'yan kallo ba saboda annobar COVID-19). 'Yan kallo 20,241 ne suka halarci wasan, wanda ya zama mafi yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar mata, kuma suka ga Manchester United ta yi nasara da ci 3–1.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |title=Manchester United Women 3–1 Eveton Women |work=BBC Sport |date=27 March 2022 |access-date=19 April 2022 |archive-date=19 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419060202/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |url-status=live }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Yuli 2022, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan buɗe gasar UEFA Women's Euro 2022 tsakanin Ingila da Austria, a gaban adadin 'yan kallo 68,871, wanda shi ne mafi yawan 'yan kallo da aka taɓa samu a gasar cin kofin Turai ta mata, kuma na biyu mafi yawa a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata a Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |title=Women's Euro 2022 kicks off with record attendance as England secure a nervous win |website=olympics.com |last=Hill |first=Courtney |date=7 July 2022 |access-date=19 July 2022 |archive-date=8 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708182153/https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2022, an saka Old Trafford cikin jerin filayen wasan da aka zaɓa a matsayin wani ɓangare na takarar United Kingdom da Ireland na karɓar bakuncin UEFA Euro 2028, amma ba a saka shi cikin jerin filayen wasa 10 na ƙarshe da aka sanar a watan Afrilu 2023 ba.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65245224/|title=Euro 2028: Casement Park and Everton's Bramley-Moore Dock among 10 stadiums for UK & Ireland bid|work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4404128/2023/04/12/euro-2028-stadiums-uk-ireland//|title=UK and Ireland announce final list of stadiums for Euro 2028 bid|work=The New York Times |last1=Bosher |first1=Luke |date=13 April 2023 }}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2023, ƙungiyar maza ta Ingila ta koma Old Trafford a karon farko tun shekarar 2007 domin buga wasan neman gurbin Euro 2024 da North Macedonia; Ingila ta yi nasara da ci 7–0 a gaban mutane 70,708.<ref>{{cite web |title=England-North Macedonia {{!}} European Qualifiers 2024 |url=https://www.uefa.com/european-qualifiers/match/2036363--england-vs-north-macedonia/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> 3c7dst52bwlwr20s6s05u876io22z2n 961774 961769 2026-10-02T07:10:33Z Sirjat 20447 /* Faɗaɗa filin a 2006 */ 961774 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Filin wasa na Old Trafford''' / / ˈtræfərd / ) filin wasa ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|na ƙwallon ƙafa]] a yankin Old Trafford na Greater Manchester, Ingila. Shi ne gidan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] . Da yake ɗaukar 'yan kallo 74,158, shi ne mafi girman filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kulob a Burtaniya, kuma shine na goma sha ɗaya mafi girma a Turai . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester Sightseeing Bus Tours |url=http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716025339/http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |archive-date=16 July 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Yana da kusan rabin mil (mita 800) daga filin wasan kurket na Old Trafford da kuma tashar tram da ke kusa. An yi wa filin wasa na Old Trafford lakabi da "Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mafarkai" ta [[Bobby Charlton]], Old Trafford ya kasance gidan United tun 1910, kodayake daga 1941 zuwa 1949 kulob din ya raba Maine Road da abokan hamayyarsa na gida [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] saboda Blitz . An yi faɗaɗa filin wasa na Old Trafford sau da yawa a shekarun 1990 da 2000, ciki har da ƙara ƙarin matakai zuwa ga North, West da East Stands, kusan ya mayar da filin wasan zuwa matsayinsa na asali na ɗaukar 'yan kallo 80,000 a 2006, daga kusan 44,000 a 1993, bayan an mayar da shi filin wasa mai kujerun zama duka . Idan aka ƙara faɗaɗawa, akwai yiwuwar ƙara wani mataki na biyu a South Stand, wanda zai ƙara yawan 'yan wasa zuwa kusan 88,000, kodayake an yi wasu shawarwari don gina sabon filin wasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An yi rikodin yawan masu halartar filin wasan a shekarar 1939, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,962 suka kalli wasan kusa da na karshe [[FA Cup|na Kofin FA]] tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town . Old Trafford ta karbi bakuncin wasan karshe na cin kofin FA, zagaye na biyu na karshe kuma ana amfani da shi akai-akai a matsayin wurin tsaka-tsaki don wasannin kusa da na karshe na gasar. Ta kuma dauki nauyin wasannin Ingila, da wasannin da aka buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966, da gasar UEFA Euro ta 1996, da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar UEFA ta mata ta Euro ta 2022 . Filin wasan ya kuma dauki bakuncin wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2003 . A wajen ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da filin wasan a wasu lokutan don gasar rugby . Wannan shine wurin da za a yi gasar Super League Grand Final ta shekara-shekara ta Rugby Football League, kuma a da gasar Premiership Final ce, tun daga shekarar 1987. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance wurin da aka shirya gasar cin kofin duniya ta Rugby League sau huɗu - 1995, 2000, 2013, da 2021 (na maza da mata) . ==Tarihi== ===Gini da shekarun farko=== Kafin shekarar 1902, ana kiran Manchester United da Newton Heath, a lokacin da suka fara buga wasanninsu na ƙwallon ƙafa a North Road, sannan daga baya a Bank Street da ke Clayton. Sai dai, filayen biyu suna fama da matsanancin yanayi, inda filayen suka kasance daga tsakuwa zuwa fadama, yayin da Bank Street ke fama da hayaƙin da ke fitowa daga masana'antun da ke makwabtaka da shi.<ref>Murphy, p. 14</ref> Saboda haka, bayan ceto ƙungiyar daga kusan durƙushewar kuɗi da kuma sauya mata suna, sabon shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ya yanke shawara a shekarar 1909 cewa filin Bank Street bai dace da ƙungiyar da ta lashe First Division da FA Cup kwanan nan ba, don haka ya bayar da kuɗi don gina sabon filin wasa.<ref>Murphy, p. 27</ref> Da yake ba ya son kashe kuɗi ba tare da tsari ba, Davies ya binciki wurare daban-daban a Manchester don nemo wurin da ya dace, kafin ya zaɓi wani fili kusa da Bridgewater Canal, kusa da arewacin ƙarshen Warwick Road a Old Trafford.<ref name="mccartney_9">McCartney (1996), p. 9</ref> Wani ɗan gine-gine ɗan Scotland mai suna Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin, wanda ya tsara wasu filayen wasa da dama. Da farko an tsara filin da damar ɗaukar 'yan kallo 100,000, tare da kujeru a babban ɓangaren kudu da ke ƙarƙashin rufi, yayin da sauran ɓangarori uku suka kasance wuraren tsayawa ba tare da rufi ba.<ref>Inglis, pp. 234–235</ref> Ciki har da kuɗin sayen filin, an tsara cewa gina filin wasan zai ci jimillar £60,000. Sai dai yayin da farashin ya fara ƙaruwa, cika damar da aka tsara zai ƙara kashe £30,000 fiye da kiyasin farko. Saboda shawarar sakataren ƙungiyar John Bentley, an rage damar ɗaukar filin zuwa kusan 80,000.<ref>White, p. 50</ref><ref>McCartney (1996), p. 13</ref> Duk da haka, a lokacin da kuɗin sayen 'yan wasa suke kusan £1,000, kuɗin gina filin ya ƙara ƙarfafa laƙabin ƙungiyar na "Moneybags United", wanda aka yi mata tun lokacin da Davies ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar.<ref>Inglis, p. 234</ref> A watan Mayu 1908, Archibald Leitch ya rubuta wa Cheshire Lines Committee (CLC) — wanda ke da tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da wurin da aka tsara gina filin ƙwallon ƙafar — domin ƙoƙarin shawo kansu su ba da tallafin gina babban ɗakin kallo da ke gefen layin dogo. Tallafin zai kasance £10,000, wanda za a biya a £2,000 a kowace shekara tsawon shekaru biyar, ko kuma rabin kuɗin shiga daga babban ɗakin kallo a kowace shekara har sai an biya bashin. Sai dai, duk da garantin bashin da ƙungiyar kanta da kuma wasu masana'antun giya biyu na yankin suka bayar, waɗanda shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ke jagoranta, Cheshire Lines Committee ta ƙi amincewa da shawarar.<ref>McCartney (1996), p. 10</ref> CLC ta shirya gina sabuwar tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da sabon filin wasan, inda aka yi hasashen samun £2,750 a kowace shekara daga kuɗin sufuri, wanda zai taimaka wajen rage kuɗin gina tashar da ya kai £9,800. An daga baya gina tashar — Trafford Park — amma a wani wuri da ya fi nisa a layin fiye da yadda aka tsara da farko.<ref name="mccartney_9"/> Daga baya CLC ta gina ƙaramar tashar mai dandamali guda ɗaya da aka yi da itace, kusa da filin wasan kai tsaye, kuma aka buɗe ta a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1935. Da farko ana kiranta United Football Ground,<ref>Butt (1995), p. 247</ref> amma aka sauya sunanta zuwa Old Trafford Football Ground a farkon shekarar 1936. A ranakun wasa kawai, jiragen ƙasa masu amfani da tururi daga Manchester Central railway station ne ke kai mata mutane.<ref>Butt, p. 178</ref> A yanzu ana kiranta Manchester United Football Ground.<ref>{{cite web |title=Manchester Utd Football Gd (MUF) |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |publisher=National Rail |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727132532/http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |archive-date=27 July 2011 }}</ref> Kamfanin Messrs Brameld and Smith na Manchester ne ya gudanar da aikin ginin<ref name="encyclopaedia">Barnes et al., pp. 44–47, 52</ref> kuma an kammala aikin a ƙarshen shekarar 1909. Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1910, lokacin da United ta karɓi bakuncin Liverpool. Sai dai ƙungiyar gida ta kasa bai wa magoya bayanta nasara a wannan rana, domin Liverpool ta yi nasara da ci 4–3. Sandy Turnbull ne ya ci ƙwallo ta farko da aka taɓa ci a Old Trafford. Wani ɗan jarida da ya halarci wasan ya bayyana filin wasan a matsayin "mafi kyau, mafi faɗi kuma mafi ban mamaki da na taɓa gani. A matsayin filin ƙwallon ƙafa, babu irinsa a duniya, abin alfahari ne ga Manchester da kuma gidan ƙungiyar da za ta iya yin abubuwan al'ajabi idan ta ga dama".<ref>White (2008), p. 50</ref> [[File:Old trafford stadium 1920s.jpg|thumb|Old Trafford a shekarun 1920]] Kafin a gina Wembley Stadium a shekarar 1923, ana gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup a filaye daban-daban a Ingila, ciki har da Old Trafford.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |title=FA Cup Final Venues |access-date=11 September 2016 |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |archive-date=8 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508211237/http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |url-status=live }}</ref> Na farko daga cikin waɗannan shi ne wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na 1911 tsakanin Bradford City da Newcastle United, bayan wasan farko a Crystal Palace ya ƙare babu ci bayan karin lokaci. Bradford ta yi nasara da ci 1–0, Jimmy Speirs ne ya ci ƙwallon, a gaban mutane 58,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |title=1911 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064001/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na biyu da aka gudanar a filin shi ne wasan ƙarshe na 1915 tsakanin Sheffield United da Chelsea. Sheffield United ta yi nasara da ci 3–0 a gaban kusan 'yan kallo 50,000, yawancinsu sojoji ne, wanda ya sa aka yi wa wasan laƙabin "Khaki Cup Final".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |title=1915 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060934/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |archive-date=11 March 2007 }}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1920, Old Trafford ya karɓi adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a wasan lig na United, inda 'yan kallo 70,504 suka kalli Red Devils suna rashin nasara da ci 3–1 a hannun Aston Villa.<ref>Murphy, p. 31</ref> Filin ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko na ƙasashen duniya daga baya a wannan shekaru goma, lokacin da Ingila ta sha kashi da ci 1–0 a hannun Scotland a gaban 'yan kallo 49,429 a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1926.<ref name="mccartney_17">McCartney (1996), p. 17</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The OT Story: 1910–1930 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=18 January 2010 |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013184919/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |archive-date=13 October 2012 }}</ref> Abin mamaki, adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa a Old Trafford ba a wasan gida na Manchester United aka samu ba. A maimakon haka, a ranar 25 ga Maris 1939, mutane 76,962 ne suka kalli wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na FA Cup tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town.<ref name="sky_sports">Rollin and Rollin, p. 254–255</ref> ===Harin bam a lokacin yaƙi=== {{multiple image | align = right | direction = horizontal | image1 = Garderobeinngang (old trafford) 1992.JPG | width1 = 147 | alt1 = | image2 = Manchester United (8051528418).jpg | width2 = 160 | alt2 = | footer = Ramin tsakiyar Old Trafford (hagu) shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na 1910 da ya tsira bayan harin bam na filin wasan a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Yanzu ana amfani da ramin kusurwa (dama) wajen da 'yan wasa ke wucewa a ranar wasa. }} A shekarar 1936, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gyaran filin da ya ci £35,000, an ƙara rufi mai tsawon yadi 80 a karon farko a kan United Road stand (wanda yanzu ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson Stand),<ref name="inglis_235">Inglis, p. 235</ref> yayin da aka ƙara rufi a kusurwoyin kudu a shekarar 1938.<ref name="rivalry">Brandon, pp. 179–180</ref> Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, sojoji sun ƙwace Old Trafford domin amfani da shi a matsayin ma'ajiyar kayayyaki.<ref name="mccartney_20">McCartney (1996), p. 20</ref> An ci gaba da buga ƙwallo a filin, amma wani harin bam na Jamus a Trafford Park a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1940 ya lalata filin wasan sosai, har aka tilasta sauya wasan ranar Kirsimeti da Stockport County zuwa filin Stockport.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> An dawo da buga ƙwallo a Old Trafford a ranar 8 ga Maris 1941, amma wani harin Jamus a ranar 11 ga Maris 1941 ya lalata yawancin filin wasan, musamman babban ɗakin kallo (wanda yanzu ake kira South Stand), lamarin da ya tilasta ƙungiyar ta koma gudanar da ayyukanta daga Cornbrook Cold Storage, mallakar shugaban United James W. Gibson.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> Bayan matsin lamba daga Gibson, War Damage Commission ta ba Manchester United £4,800 domin kwashe tarkace da kuma £17,478 domin sake gina ɗakunan kallo.<ref name="inglis_235"/> A lokacin sake gina filin wasan, Manchester United ta buga wasanninta na "gida" a Maine Road, gidan abokiyar hamayyarta ta cikin birni, Manchester City, kan kuɗin £5,000 a shekara tare da kaso daga kuɗin shiga daga ƙofar filin.<ref>Murphy, p. 45</ref> A wannan lokacin ƙungiyar tana da bashin £15,000, wanda hayar Maine Road ta ƙara tsananta, kuma ɗan majalisar Labour mai wakiltar Stoke, Ellis Smith, ya roƙi gwamnati ta ƙara kuɗin diyya ga ƙungiyar, amma hakan bai yi nasara ba.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Ko da yake an sake buɗe Old Trafford a shekarar 1949, duk da cewa ba shi da rufi, hakan na nufin an shafe kusan shekaru 10 ba a buga wasan lig a filin ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Philip |title=How Matt Busby arrived at Manchester United |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=1 February 2008 |access-date=21 August 2008 |location=London |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015045004/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |archive-date=15 October 2008 }}</ref> Wasan farko na United bayan komawa Old Trafford an buga shi a ranar 24 ga Agusta 1949, inda 'yan kallo 41,748 suka shaida nasarar da ci 3–0 a kan Bolton Wanderers.<ref>White (2008), p. 224</ref> ===Kammala babban shirin gyara=== An mayar da rufi a kan Main Stand a shekarar 1951, kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka rufe sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, aikin ya ƙare da ƙara rufi a Stretford End (wanda yanzu ake kira West Stand) a shekarar 1959.<ref name="rivalry"/> Ƙungiyar ta kuma kashe £40,000 wajen girka fitilun haske na musamman, domin ta sami damar amfani da filin wasan wajen wasannin Turai da ake buga da yamma a ranakun aiki, maimakon yin amfani da Maine Road. Domin guje wa inuwar da za ta rufe filin wasa, an cire wasu sassan biyu na rufin Main Stand.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Wasan farko da aka buga ƙarƙashin fitilun haske a Old Trafford shi ne wasan First Division tsakanin Manchester United da Bolton Wanderers a ranar 25 ga Maris 1957.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Sai dai, duk da cewa yanzu 'yan kallo za su iya ganin 'yan wasa da dare, har yanzu suna fama da matsalar rashin cikakken gani saboda ginshiƙan da ke ɗauke da rufin. Yayin da gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966 ke gabatowa, inda filin wasan zai karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wannan ya sa daraktocin United suka sake tsara United Road (arewa) stand gaba ɗaya. An maye gurbin tsoffin ginshiƙan rufin a shekarar 1965 da tsarin zamani na cantilever a saman rufin, wanda ya bai wa kowane mai kallo damar kallon wasa ba tare da wani abu ya hana gani ba,<ref name="rivalry"/> sannan aka faɗaɗa shi domin ɗaukar 'yan kallo 20,000 (10,000 masu zama da 10,000 masu tsayawa a gaba) kan kuɗin £350,000.<ref name="inglis_236">Inglis, p. 236</ref> Masu gine-ginen sabon ɗakin kallo, Mather and Nutter (wanda yanzu ake kira Atherden Fuller),<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> sun sake tsara tsarin ɗakin kallo ta yadda za a samu wurin tsayawa a gaba, babban wurin zama a baya, da kuma ɗakunan sirri na farko a filin ƙwallon ƙafa na Birtaniya. An sake gina east stand — wanda shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren da ya rage ba shi da rufi — cikin irin wannan tsari a shekarar 1973.<ref name=":0">Inglis, p. 237</ref> Bayan an mayar da ɗakunan kallo biyu na farko zuwa tsarin cantilever, masu filin wasan suka tsara wani shiri na dogon lokaci na yin hakan ga sauran ɗakunan kallo biyu da kuma mayar da filin wasan zuwa wani filin mai kama da kwano.<ref name="manutdzone">{{cite web |url=http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |title=Old Trafford 1909–2006 |access-date=11 December 2011 |publisher=manutdzone.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080217222825/http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |archive-date=17 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Irin wannan aikin zai taimaka wajen ƙara yanayi da hayaniya a cikin filin ta hanyar tattara sautin magoya baya da kuma mayar da shi zuwa filin wasa, inda 'yan wasan za su ji cikakken tasirin filin da ke cike da jama'a.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=OT atmosphere excites Ole |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=15 August 2006 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002143817/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A halin yanzu, filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na uku, inda 'yan kallo 62,078 suka kalli wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na 1970 tsakanin Chelsea da Leeds United; Chelsea ta yi nasara da ci 2–1. Filin ya kuma karɓi bakuncin wasan dawowa na 1968 Intercontinental Cup, inda Estudiantes de La Plata ta lashe kofin bayan an tashi 1–1.<ref>{{cite web |first=Martin |last=Macchiavello |title=Nostalgia Alá vista |url=http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |publisher=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |date=18 December 2009 |access-date=18 July 2010 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302232407/http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |archive-date=2 March 2012 }}</ref> A shekarun 1970, an samu gagarumin ƙaruwa na tarzomar magoya bayan ƙwallon ƙafa a Birtaniya,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |title=University of Liverpool FIG Factsheet – Hooliganism |access-date=4 September 2008 |last=Pearson |first=Geoff |date=December 2007 |work=Football Industry Group |publisher=University of Liverpool |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913004141/http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |archive-date=13 September 2008 }}</ref> kuma wani lamari na jefa wuƙa a shekarar 1971 ya tilasta ƙungiyar gina shingen kewaye da filin na farko a ƙasar, wanda ya hana magoya baya shiga filin wasa.<ref name="inglis_236"/> ===Sauya zuwa filin mai kujeru kawai=== [[File:Stretford end 1992.JPG|thumb|Stretford End kafin sake gina shi a farkon shekarun 1990]] Tare da kowace irin gyara da aka yi wa filin tun bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, damar ɗaukar mutane tana raguwa a hankali. Zuwa shekarun 1980, damar ta ragu daga 80,000 na asali zuwa kusan 60,000. Damar ta ƙara raguwa a shekarar 1990, lokacin da Taylor Report ya ba da shawara, kuma gwamnati ta buƙaci, a mayar da dukkan filayen First da Second Division zuwa filayen da ke da kujeru ga kowa. Wannan ya sa tsare-tsaren kashe £3–5&nbsp;miliyan domin maye gurbin Stretford End da sabon ɗakin kallo mai wurin tsayawa a gaba da rufin cantilever da zai haɗa shi da sauran filin suka zama dole a sauya su sosai.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Wannan sake gini da aka tilasta, wanda ya haɗa da cire wuraren tsayawa a gaban sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, ba kawai ya ƙara kuɗin aikin zuwa kusan £10&nbsp;miliyan ba, har ma ya rage damar Old Trafford zuwa mafi ƙarancin da aka taɓa samu, wato kusan 44,000.<ref name="inglis_238">Inglis, p. 238</ref> A shekarar 1992 kuma aka sanar da ƙungiyar cewa za ta samu £1.4&nbsp;miliyan ne kawai daga cikin £2&nbsp;miliyan da Football Trust zai iya bayarwa domin aikin da ya shafi Taylor Report.<ref>Inglis, pp. 238–239</ref> [[File:Old Trafford 1992 (outside).JPG|thumb|left|Wajen Old Trafford, 1992]] Sake samun nasarar ƙungiyar da kuma ƙaruwa da shahararta a farkon shekarun 1990 ya tabbatar da cewa dole ne a ƙara yin wasu gyare-gyare. A shekarar 1995, an rushe North Stand mai shekaru 30, kuma aka fara aikin gina sabon ɗakin kallo cikin sauri,<ref>James, pp. 405–6</ref> domin a kammala shi kafin Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da kuma wasan ƙarshe a Euro 96. Ƙungiyar ta sayi Trafford Park trading estate, wani fili mai girman {{convert|20|acre|ha|0|abbr=off|adj=on}}, wanda yake ɗaya gefen United Road, kan kuɗin £9.2&nbsp;miliyan a watan Maris 1995. An fara ginin a watan Yunin 1995 kuma aka kammala shi a watan Mayun 1996, inda aka buɗe matakai biyu na farko cikin uku na ɗakin kallo a lokacin kakar. Atherden Fuller ne ya tsara shi, tare da Hilstone Laurie a matsayin masu kula da aikin da gini, da Campbell Reith Hill a matsayin injiniyoyin tsarin ginin. Sabon ɗakin kallo mai hawa uku ya ci jimillar £18.65&nbsp;miliyan kuma yana da damar ɗaukar kusan mutane 25,500, wanda ya ɗaga damar ɗaukacin filin zuwa sama da 55,000. Rufin cantilever ɗin ya kasance mafi girma a Turai, yana da tsawon {{convert|58.5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} daga bangon baya zuwa gefen gaba.<ref name="inglis_239">Inglis, p. 239</ref> Ƙarin nasarori a cikin shekaru masu zuwa sun tabbatar da ƙarin gine-gine. Da farko, an ƙara bene na biyu a East Stand. Da aka buɗe shi a watan Janairun 2000, damar filin wasan ta ƙaru na ɗan lokaci zuwa kusan 61,000 har sai da aka buɗe bene na biyu na West Stand, wanda ya ƙara wasu kujeru 7,000, ya kawo jimillar damar zuwa 68,217. A wannan lokacin ba kawai shi ne filin ƙungiya mafi girma a Ingila ba, har ma shi ne mafi girma a duk faɗin Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |title=Old Trafford |access-date=21 August 2008 |publisher=waterscape.com |archive-date=3 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403023715/http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |url-status=live }}</ref> Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na Turai mafi girma na farko shekaru uku bayan haka, inda aka gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na UEFA Champions League na 2003 tsakanin Milan da Juventus.<ref>{{cite book |title=UEFA Champions League Statistics Handbook 2012/13 |year=2012 |publisher=Union of European Football Associations |location=Nyon |page=154 }}</ref> [[File:Old trafford february 2010.jpg|thumb|An buɗe East Stand da aka sake ginawa a farkon kakar 2000–01.]] Daga shekarar 2001 zuwa 2007, bayan rushe tsohon Wembley Stadium, an tilasta wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila buga wasanninta a wasu wurare. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar ta zagaya ƙasar, inda ta buga wasanninta a filaye daban-daban daga Villa Park da ke Birmingham zuwa St James' Park da ke Newcastle. A wannan lokaci, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin gida 14 daga cikin 34 na Ingila, fiye da kowane filin wasa, na ƙarshe daga cikinsu shi ne rashin nasarar da Ingila ta yi da ci 1–0 a hannun Spain a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title=Men's Senior Team Results |url=http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |access-date=31 January 2010 |archive-date=31 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131224425/http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> An buga wasan a gaban 'yan kallo 58,207.<ref>{{cite news |first=John |last=Sinnott |title=England 0–1 Spain |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=7 February 2007 |access-date=9 September 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070824100909/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |archive-date=24 August 2007 }}</ref> ===Faɗaɗa filin a 2006=== [[File:Old Trafford model.jpg|thumb|Samfurin Old Trafford mai ma'auni na Peter Oldfield-Edwards da aka nuna a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Maris 2010]] Faɗaɗa Old Trafford na baya-bayan nan, wanda aka gudanar tsakanin Yulin 2005 da Mayun 2006, ya ƙara kusan kujeru 8,000 ta hanyar ƙara bene na biyu a sassan arewa maso yamma da arewa maso gabas na filin.<ref name="manutdzone"/> An fara amfani da wani ɓangare na sabbin kujerun a ranar 26 ga Maris 2006, lokacin da yawan 'yan kallo 69,070 ya zama sabon tarihin Premier League.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 3–0 Birmingham |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 March 2006 |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120125023/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 }}</ref> An ci gaba da ƙara wannan tarihi har sai da ya kai matsayinsa na yanzu a ranar 31 ga Maris 2007, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,098 suka kalli United ta doke Blackburn Rovers da ci 4–1, wanda ke nufin kujeru 114 kacal (0.15% na jimillar damar ɗaukar mutane 76,212) suka kasance babu kowa.<ref name="united4_blackburn1">{{cite news |first=Nick |last=Coppack |title=Report: United 4 Blackburn 1 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=31 March 2007 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216043425/http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> A shekarar 2009, sake tsara kujerun filin wasan ya rage damar ɗaukar mutane da 255 zuwa 75,957, wanda ke nufin tarihin yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar zai ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa wani sabon faɗaɗawa.<ref name="inside_united">{{cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Steve |editor1-first=Ian |editor1-last=McLeish |date=March 2010 |title=Design for life |journal=Inside United |issue=212 |pages=44–48 |publisher=Haymarket Network |issn=1749-6497 }}</ref><ref name="record_gate">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #9: Record gate |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 November 2009 |access-date=19 November 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216030119/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> [[File:Brazil Belarus kickoff.JPG|thumb|left|Old Trafford yayin wani wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012]] Old Trafford ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 2010. Domin tunawa da wannan lokaci, shafin yanar gizon Manchester United na hukuma ya wallafa wani shiri wanda a cikinsa aka nuna wani muhimmin abin tunawa daga tarihin filin wasan a kowace rana daga cikin kwanaki 100 da suka gabaci ranar cika shekaru.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=My Old Trafford |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=25 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232234/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> Daga cikin waɗannan abubuwa 100, wani kwamiti da ya haɗa da masanin kididdigar ƙungiyar Cliff Butler, ɗan jarida David Meek, da tsoffin 'yan wasa Paddy Crerand da Wilf McGuinness ya zaɓi guda 10 mafi muhimmanci.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100: The Top 10 revealed |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232444/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A Old Trafford kansa, an gudanar da gasar zane-zane ga ɗalibai daga makarantu uku na yankin domin su ƙirƙiri yadda suke ganin filin wasan a baya, yanzu da kuma nan gaba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT art competition |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003063025/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> An ajiye zane-zanen da suka yi nasara a matsayin nunin dindindin a hanyar shiga babban ɓangaren iyalai na Old Trafford, kuma mai zane Harold Riley ya ba waɗanda suka yi nasara kyaututtuka a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=New OT exhibit unveiled |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211035534/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |archive-date=11 December 2010 }}</ref> Tsohon mai tsaron gida Jack Crompton da babban jami'in gudanarwa David Gill ne suka buɗe wani baje koli game da filin wasan a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit"/> Baje kolin ya nuna tarihin filin wasan tare da abubuwan tunawa daga baya, ciki har da shirin wasan farko da kuma samfurin filin mai ma'auni 1:220 wanda mai ƙera samfura Peter Oldfield-Edwards ya gina da hannu.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT history on display |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223140805/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |archive-date=23 December 2011 }}</ref> A ƙarshe, a wasan gida na Manchester United da Fulham a ranar 14 ga Maris, magoya bayan da suka halarci wasan sun samu kwafin shirin wasan farko na Old Trafford, sannan a lokacin hutun rabin lokaci dangin 'yan wasan da suka buga wasan farko — da kuma dangin shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies da mai tsara filin wasan Archibald Leitch — suka shiga aikin binne wani akwati na abubuwan tunawa da Manchester United kusa da ramin tsakiyar filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=Stadium set for centenary match |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=12 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208083213/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |archive-date=8 February 2012 }}</ref> Ba a iya gano dangin winger Billy Meredith, wing-half Dick Duckworth da sakataren ƙungiyar Ernest Mangnall ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=Dream day for 1910 relatives |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216081325/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |archive-date=16 February 2011 }}</ref> An yi amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da wasanni da dama na gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=Old Trafford |url=http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |work=London2012.com |publisher=London 2012 |access-date=2 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123125022/http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |archive-date=23 January 2013 }}</ref> Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni biyar, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da wasan ƙarshe a gasar maza, da kuma wasan rukuni guda ɗaya da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe a gasar mata, wanda ya kasance sanannen wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin Canada da United States,<ref>{{cite web |title=Football – event schedule |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/17092335 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 March 2012 |access-date=28 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422130437/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/17092335 |archive-date=22 April 2014 }}</ref> kuma su ne wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na mata na ƙasashen duniya na farko da aka taɓa gudanar a filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sam |last=Borden |title=Rare at Old Trafford: A Women's Match |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=30 July 2012 |access-date=31 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731231824/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |archive-date=31 July 2012 }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2006, ana kuma amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da Soccer Aid, wasan sadaka da ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru biyu, wanda mawaki Robbie Williams da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Jonathan Wilkes suka fara shirya; sai dai a shekarar 2008 an gudanar da wasan a Wembley Stadium.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sean |last=Gibson |title=Soccer Aid 2016, England vs Rest of the World: What time is kick-off, what are the teams and which TV channel is it on? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |website=The Telegraph |date=3 June 2016 |access-date=3 June 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605042626/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |archive-date=5 June 2016 }}</ref> [[File:Old Trafford, April 2020 (04).jpg|thumb|Girmamawar Old Trafford ga Hukumar Kiwon Lafiya ta Ƙasa a lokacin annobar COVID-19]] A ranar 27 ga Maris 2021, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan farko na ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United, inda West Ham United ta kasance abokiyar hamayya a gasar Women's Super League.<ref>{{Cite press release|date=16 March 2021|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/Manchester-United-Women-to-play-at-Old-Trafford-for-the-very-first-time|title=MU Women to play first-ever match at Old Trafford|website=Manchester United|access-date=25 March 2021|archive-date=19 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319011528/https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/manchester-united-women-to-play-at-old-trafford-for-the-very-first-time|url-status=live}}</ref> Daidai shekara guda bayan haka, ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United ta kara da Everton a Old Trafford a gaban 'yan kallo a karon farko (wasan 2021 an buga shi ba tare da 'yan kallo ba saboda annobar COVID-19). 'Yan kallo 20,241 ne suka halarci wasan, wanda ya zama mafi yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar mata, kuma suka ga Manchester United ta yi nasara da ci 3–1.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |title=Manchester United Women 3–1 Eveton Women |work=BBC Sport |date=27 March 2022 |access-date=19 April 2022 |archive-date=19 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419060202/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |url-status=live }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Yuli 2022, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan buɗe gasar UEFA Women's Euro 2022 tsakanin Ingila da Austria, a gaban adadin 'yan kallo 68,871, wanda shi ne mafi yawan 'yan kallo da aka taɓa samu a gasar cin kofin Turai ta mata, kuma na biyu mafi yawa a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata a Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |title=Women's Euro 2022 kicks off with record attendance as England secure a nervous win |website=olympics.com |last=Hill |first=Courtney |date=7 July 2022 |access-date=19 July 2022 |archive-date=8 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708182153/https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2022, an saka Old Trafford cikin jerin filayen wasan da aka zaɓa a matsayin wani ɓangare na takarar United Kingdom da Ireland na karɓar bakuncin UEFA Euro 2028, amma ba a saka shi cikin jerin filayen wasa 10 na ƙarshe da aka sanar a watan Afrilu 2023 ba.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65245224/|title=Euro 2028: Casement Park and Everton's Bramley-Moore Dock among 10 stadiums for UK & Ireland bid|work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4404128/2023/04/12/euro-2028-stadiums-uk-ireland//|title=UK and Ireland announce final list of stadiums for Euro 2028 bid|work=The New York Times |last1=Bosher |first1=Luke |date=13 April 2023 }}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2023, ƙungiyar maza ta Ingila ta koma Old Trafford a karon farko tun shekarar 2007 domin buga wasan neman gurbin Euro 2024 da North Macedonia; Ingila ta yi nasara da ci 7–0 a gaban mutane 70,708.<ref>{{cite web |title=England-North Macedonia {{!}} European Qualifiers 2024 |url=https://www.uefa.com/european-qualifiers/match/2036363--england-vs-north-macedonia/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> ==Tsari da kayan aiki== [[File:OldTraffordPlan-en.svg|thumb|Tsarin yadda Old Trafford yake. Wurin da aka yi wa inuwa yana nuna ɓangaren da aka ware wa magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi.]] Filin wasan Old Trafford yana kewaye da ɗakunan kallo guda huɗu masu rufi kuma masu kujeru kawai, waɗanda a hukumance ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson (Arewa), East, Sir Bobby Charlton (Kudu) da West Stands. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan ɗakunan kallo yana da aƙalla matakai biyu,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ticket-compare.com/stadiums/old-trafford/seating-plan/ |title=Old Trafford Seating Plan |publisher=Ticket Compare }}</ref> ban da Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda yake da mataki guda kawai saboda ƙuntatawar gini. Ƙananan matakin kowane ɗakin kallo an raba shi zuwa ɓangaren Ƙasa da na Sama, inda aka sauya ɓangarorin Ƙasa daga wuraren tsayawa a farkon shekarun 1990. ===Sir Alex Ferguson Stand=== [[File:Sir Alex Ferguson stand, Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|left|Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand) kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand)]] Sir Alex Ferguson Stand, wanda a da ake kira United Road stand da North Stand, yana shimfiɗe a saman United Road. Wannan ɗakin kallo yana da matakai uku, kuma yana iya ɗaukar kusan 'yan kallo 26,000, wanda ya fi kowanne daga cikin ɗakunan kallo huɗu. Haka kuma yana da wurare kaɗan ga magoya baya a ɗakunan gudanarwa da dakunan karɓar baƙi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Executive Club |url=http://www.executiveclub.manutd.com/ |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=1 August 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814175027/http://www.executiveclub.manutd.com/ |archive-date=14 August 2011 }}</ref> An buɗe shi a yanayinsa na yanzu a shekarar 1996, bayan da a da yake ɗakin kallo mai mataki guda. A matsayinsa na mafi girman ɗakin kallo na filin, yana ɗauke da wasu fitattun wuraren more rayuwa na filin, ciki har da Red Café (gidan cin abinci/bar mai jigo na Manchester United) da gidan tarihin Manchester United da ɗakin kofunan ƙungiyar. Da farko an buɗe gidan tarihin a shekarar 1986 a matsayin na farko irinsa a duniya,<ref>Inglis, p. 240</ref> kuma yana kusurwar kudu maso gabashin filin har zuwa lokacin da aka mayar da shi zuwa North Stand da aka sake ginawa a shekarar 1998. Pelé ne ya buɗe gidan tarihin a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1998, tun daga lokacin adadin masu ziyara ya tashi daga 192,000 a shekarar 1998 zuwa sama da masu ziyara 300,000 a shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={9C9F8161-326A-40F0-8EB0-085348EEDCFC} |title=Virtual Tour – The Museum |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110125171433/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7B9C9F8161-326A-40F0-8EB0-085348EEDCFC%7D |archive-date=25 January 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #66: Pele's visit |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2010/Jan/OT100-66-Peles-visit.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003174455/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2010/Jan/OT100-66-Peles-visit.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> Ya zuwa kakar 2022–23, yawan masu ziyara ya ragu zuwa kusan 190,000.<ref name=":0" /> [[File:A statue of Sir Alex Ferguson at Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Mutum-mutumin tagulla na wani mutum sanye da riga, hannayensa a haɗe.|An kafa mutum-mutumin Sir Alex Ferguson a Old Trafford a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2012.]] An sake wa North Stand suna Sir Alex Ferguson Stand a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2011, domin girmama shekaru 25 da Alex Ferguson ya yi a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd rename Old Trafford stand in Ferguson's honour |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/15607907 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=5 November 2011 |access-date=5 November 2011 |archive-date=7 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130707151516/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/15607907 |url-status=live }}</ref> An kafa mutum-mutumin Ferguson mai tsawon {{convert|9|ft|m|1|abbr=off|spell=in|adj=on}}, wanda Philip Jackson ya sassaka, a wajen ɗakin kallon a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2012, domin girmama matsayinsa na manajan da ya fi kowa tsawon lokaci a tarihin Manchester United.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sir Alex Ferguson pride as Manchester United unveil statue |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/20468104 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 November 2012 |access-date=23 November 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121124214842/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20468104 |archive-date=24 November 2012 }}</ref> ===Sir Bobby Charlton Stand=== [[File:Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand).jpg|thumb|left|Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand) kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand)]] A kishiyar Sir Alex Ferguson Stand akwai Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda a da yake babban ɗakin kallon Old Trafford kuma a baya ake kiransa South Stand. Duk da cewa yana da mataki guda kawai, Sir Bobby Charlton Stand yana ɗauke da mafi yawan ɗakunan gudanarwa na filin,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events/The-Suites.aspx |title=The Suites |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110203051517/http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events/The-Suites.aspx |archive-date=3 February 2011 }}</ref> sannan kuma yana karɓar duk wani babban baƙo da zai zo kallon wasa. Ana zaunar da ma'aikatan kafofin watsa labarai a tsakiyar Upper South Stand domin su samu kyakkyawan kallon wasa. Haka kuma, wurin kyamarorin talabijin yana cikin Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, saboda haka wannan ɗakin kallo ne aka fi nuna shi a talabijin. <ref name="rivalry"/> Dakunan shirye-shiryen talabijin suna a ƙarshen biyu na Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, inda tashar talabijin ta cikin gida ta ƙungiyar, MUTV, take a ɗakin gabas, yayin da sauran tashoshin talabijin, kamar BBC da Sky, suke a ɗakin yamma. Wurin zama na manajoji yana tsakiyar Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, an ɗaga shi sama da matakin filin domin ba manaja da masu horar da shi damar samun kyakkyawan hangen wasan daga sama. Wurin zaman kowace ƙungiya yana gefen tsohuwar ramin ’yan wasa, wadda aka yi amfani da ita har zuwa shekarar 1993. Wannan tsohuwar rami ita ce kaɗai ragowar ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na shekarar 1910, bayan da ta tsira daga harin bam da ya lalata yawancin filin yayin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={0341FBBA-96FA-42BB-896B-0D15ABAFA643} |title=Virtual Tour – Dugout |access-date=7 February 2008 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210194159/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7B0341FBBA-96FA-42BB-896B-0D15ABAFA643%7D |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2008, an sauya sunan wannan rami zuwa Munich Tunnel, a matsayin abin tunawa da cikar shekaru 50 da bala'in jirgin sama na Munich na shekarar 1958.<ref>{{cite news |title=Football honours Munich victims |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/7228670.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=6 February 2008 |access-date=7 February 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208215806/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7228670.stm |archive-date=8 February 2008 }}</ref> Ramin yanzu yana kusurwar kudu maso yammacin filin, kuma yana kuma zama hanyar shiga ga ma'aikatan agajin gaggawa. Idan manyan motoci suna buƙatar shiga, ana iya ɗaga kujerun da ke saman ramin da kusan {{convert|25|ft|m|1}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={B0531F7F-9461-406D-81A9-ACA2AF687CC9} |title=Virtual Tour – Player's Tunnel |access-date=7 February 2008 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210194219/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7BB0531F7F-9461-406D-81A9-ACA2AF687CC9%7D |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}</ref> Ramin yana kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan canza kaya na ’yan wasa ta yankin tattaunawar talabijin, sannan zuwa ɗakin hutun ’yan wasa. An sake gyara ɗakunan canza kaya na ƙungiyar gida da ta baƙi kafin kakar 2018–19, sannan an faɗaɗa tare da raba hanyar da ke kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan biyu domin a raba ƙungiyoyin da ke fafatawa da juna.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Sam|last=Wallace|title=Old Trafford dressing-room layout changed to avoid repeat of Manchester derby tunnel fracas|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/08/28/old-trafford-dressing-room-layout-changed-avoid-repeat-manchester/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/08/28/old-trafford-dressing-room-layout-changed-avoid-repeat-manchester/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=The Telegraph|date=28 August 2018|access-date=28 August 2018|issn=0307-1235}}{{cbignore}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Afrilu 2016, an sauya sunan South Stand zuwa Sir Bobby Charlton Stand kafin fara wasan Premier League na gida da Everton, domin girmama tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Bobby Charlton, wanda ya fara bugawa Manchester United wasa shekaru 60 da suka gabata.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-35953846 |title=Sir Bobby Charlton stand unveiled at Old Trafford |website=BBC News |date=3 April 2016 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404015116/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-35953846 |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2016/Feb/South-Stand-at-Old-Trafford-renamed-Sir-Bobby-Charlton-Stand.aspx |title=South Stand at Old Trafford to be renamed after Sir Bobby Charlton |publisher=Manchester United |website=ManUtd.com |date=15 February 2016 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322034948/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2016/Feb/South-Stand-at-Old-Trafford-renamed-Sir-Bobby-Charlton-Stand.aspx |archive-date=22 March 2016 }}</ref> ===West Stand=== {{main|Stretford End}} [[File:Stretford End, Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|The West Stand, with its mosaic of seats displaying the stand's colloquial name]] Wataƙila West Stand shi ne ɗakin kallo da aka fi sani a Old Trafford, wanda kuma ake kira Stretford End. A al'ada, wannan ɗakin kallo shi ne wurin da manyan magoya bayan United suke zama, kuma su ne waɗanda suka fi yin hayaniya.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Moore |title=Football: You only sing when you're standing |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |publisher=Independent, The |location=London |date=19 November 1996 |access-date=22 August 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111161044/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 }}</ref> Da farko an tsara Stretford End domin ɗaukar magoya baya 20,000, kuma shi ne ɗakin kallo na ƙarshe da aka yi wa rufi, sannan kuma shi ne ɗakin kallo na ƙarshe da ya kasance da wuraren tsayawa kawai a filin kafin tilasta sauya shi zuwa kujeru a farkon shekarun 1990. Alfred McAlpine ne ya gudanar da sake gina Stretford End, wanda aka yi a lokacin kakar 1992–93.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alfred McAlpine wins £7.2m contract to redevelop Stretford End at Manchester United FC's stadium |url=http://www.cnplus.co.uk/News/1992/05/28may92_uk_alfred_mcalpine_wins_72m_contract_to_redevelop_stretford_end_at_manchester_united_fcs_stadium.html |publisher=The Construction News |date=28 May 1992 |access-date=21 August 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064125/http://www.cnplus.co.uk/News/1992/05/28may92_uk_alfred_mcalpine_wins_72m_contract_to_redevelop_stretford_end_at_manchester_united_fcs_stadium.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Lokacin da aka ƙara mataki na biyu zuwa Stretford End a shekarar 2000, magoya baya da yawa daga tsohon K Stand sun koma wurin, kuma suka yanke shawarar rataya tutoci da alamomi a kan shingen da ke gaban matakin. Stretford End ya yi matuƙar shiga cikin al'adun Manchester United, har Denis Law ya samu laƙabin "Sarkin Stretford End", kuma yanzu akwai mutum-mutuminsa a kan hanyar shiga ta matakin sama na ɗakin kallon.<ref>{{cite web |title=Denis Law |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/Legends/Denis-Law.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228095205/http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/Legends/Denis-Law.aspx |archive-date=28 December 2010 }}</ref> ===East Stand=== [[File:Munich air disaster plaque.jpg|thumb|left|Allon tunawa a Old Trafford da aka kafa domin girmama waɗanda suka mutu a bala'in jirgin sama na Munich]] [[File:The East Stand – Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|left|East Stand kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand)]] East Stand na Old Trafford shi ne na biyu da aka sauya zuwa rufin cantilever, bayan Sir Alex Ferguson Stand. Haka kuma ana kiransa da Scoreboard End, saboda a nan ne allon sakamakon yake. East Stand a halin yanzu yana iya ɗaukar kusan magoya baya 12,000,<ref name="manutdzone"/> kuma a nan ne ɓangaren magoya bayan masu nakasa da ɓangaren magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi suke; an yi gwaji a kakar 2011–12 na mayar da magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi zuwa mataki na uku na Sir Alex Ferguson Stand, amma ba a samu damar tantance sakamakon gwajin cikin lokaci ba domin a mayar da canjin na dindindin a kakar 2012–13.<ref>{{cite news |title=Away fans won't move |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2012/May/away-fans-relocation-on-hold.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=22 May 2012 |access-date=22 May 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525215719/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2012/May/away-fans-relocation-on-hold.aspx |archive-date=25 May 2012 }}</ref> Sashen magoya bayan masu nakasa yana da wurare har zuwa magoya baya 170, tare da kujeru kyauta ga masu kula da su. A da an raba Old Trafford zuwa sassa, inda aka ba kowane sashe harafin baƙaƙe bisa jere. Duk da cewa kowane sashe yana da harafi, K Stand ne aka fi ambata a yau. Magoya bayan K Stand sun shahara da goyon bayansu mai ƙarfi ga ƙungiyar ta hanyar ihu da waƙoƙi da dama, duk da cewa da yawa daga cikinsu sun koma mataki na biyu na Stretford End.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Moore |title=Football: You only sing when you're standing |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |location=London |date=19 November 1996 |access-date=8 February 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111161044/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 }}</ref> [[File:Mégastore Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|Shagon megastore na Manchester United yana cikin East Stand na Old Trafford]] East Stand yana da bangon gilashi mai duhu, wanda a bayansa ne cibiyar gudanarwa ta ƙungiyar take. Waɗannan ofisoshin su ne wurin ma'aikatan Inside United, mujallar Manchester United ta hukuma, shafin yanar gizon ƙungiyar na hukuma, da sauran sassan gudanarwa. Ana yawan sanya hotuna da tallace-tallace a gaban East Stand, galibi don tallata kayayyaki da ayyukan da masu ɗaukar nauyin ƙungiyar ke samarwa, amma an nuna girmamawa ga Busby Babes a watan Fabrairu 2008 domin tunawa da cikar shekaru 50 da bala'in jirgin sama na Munich. A saman megastore akwai mutum-mutumin Sir Matt Busby, wanda shi ne manajan da ya fi kowa tsawon lokaci a Manchester United har zuwa lokacin da Sir Alex Ferguson ya zarce shi a shekarar 2010. Haka kuma akwai allon tunawa da waɗanda suka mutu a bala'in jirgin sama na Munich a ƙarshen kudancin East Stand, yayin da Munich Clock yake a mahadar East Stand da South Stand.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2008, domin bikin cikar shekaru 40 da lashe kofin Turai na farko na Manchester United, an bayyana mutum-mutumin "United Trinity" na "tsarkakakkiyar uku" na ƙungiyar, wato George Best, Denis Law da Bobby Charlton, a gefen Sir Matt Busby Way daga East Stand, kai tsaye gaban mutum-mutumin Busby.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=United Trinity honoured |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2008/May/United-Trinity-honoured.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=29 May 2008 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625044609/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2008/May/United-Trinity-honoured.aspx |archive-date=25 June 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 'trinity' statue unveiled |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7426075.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=29 May 2008 |access-date=30 May 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218182528/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7426075.stm |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> [[File:Sir Matt Busby Statue.jpg|thumb|left|160px|alt=Mutum-mutumin tagulla na wani mutum mai sanko sanye da kwat. Hannunsa na dama yana kan ƙugunsa na dama, yayin da yake riƙe da ƙwallon ƙafa a gefen ƙugunsa na hagu.|Mutum-mutumin Sir Matt Busby da ke kallon filin da ke gaban East Stand]] Shagon Manchester United ya samu wurare daban-daban guda shida tun lokacin da aka fara buɗe shi. Da farko, ƙaramin bukka ne kusa da layin dogo da ke tafiya kusa da filin. Daga nan aka mayar da shagon zuwa gefen South Stand, inda aka fara a wurin da ke kishiyar hanyar shigar magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi, sannan aka mayar da shi zuwa ginin da daga baya ya zama ofishin sayar da kayayyakin ƙungiyar. Ƙaruwa cikin shaharar ƙungiyar a farkon shekarun 1990 ta sa aka sake mayar da shagon, a wannan karon zuwa filin gaban West Stand. Wannan sauyin ya zo da babbar faɗaɗa, tare da sauya ƙaramin shagon zuwa "megastore". Alex Ferguson ya buɗe sabon megastore a ranar 3 ga Disamba 1994.<ref>White (2008), p. 319</ref> Sauye-sauyen wurin na baya-bayan nan sun faru a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, yayin da West Stand ke buƙatar sarari domin faɗaɗa zuwa mataki na biyu, wanda hakan ya sa aka rushe megastore. An mayar da shagon zuwa wani wuri na wucin gadi da ke kishiyar East Stand, kafin daga baya ya samu wurin dindindin mai faɗin {{convert|17000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} a ƙasan East Stand da aka faɗaɗa a shekarar 2000.<ref>Mitten, p. 137</ref> Nike, mai ɗaukar nauyin kayan wasannin United, ne ya mallaki sararin megastore, kuma ya gudanar da shagon har zuwa ƙarshen yarjejeniyar ɗaukar nauyinsu a ƙarshen Yuli 2015, lokacin da mallakar shagon ta koma ga ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bates |title=Manchester United planning military-style operation to purge Old Trafford of Nike branding |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-united-planning-military-style-operation-5545047 |website=Mirror Online |publisher=MGN |date=18 April 2015 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108115745/https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-united-planning-military-style-operation-5545047 |url-status=live }}</ref> l4oevcs0i1eh5piuege04ltwzphwl2r 961778 961774 2026-10-02T07:12:20Z Sirjat 20447 /* East Stand */ 961778 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Filin wasa na Old Trafford''' / / ˈtræfərd / ) filin wasa ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|na ƙwallon ƙafa]] a yankin Old Trafford na Greater Manchester, Ingila. Shi ne gidan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] . Da yake ɗaukar 'yan kallo 74,158, shi ne mafi girman filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kulob a Burtaniya, kuma shine na goma sha ɗaya mafi girma a Turai . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester Sightseeing Bus Tours |url=http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716025339/http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |archive-date=16 July 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Yana da kusan rabin mil (mita 800) daga filin wasan kurket na Old Trafford da kuma tashar tram da ke kusa. An yi wa filin wasa na Old Trafford lakabi da "Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mafarkai" ta [[Bobby Charlton]], Old Trafford ya kasance gidan United tun 1910, kodayake daga 1941 zuwa 1949 kulob din ya raba Maine Road da abokan hamayyarsa na gida [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] saboda Blitz . An yi faɗaɗa filin wasa na Old Trafford sau da yawa a shekarun 1990 da 2000, ciki har da ƙara ƙarin matakai zuwa ga North, West da East Stands, kusan ya mayar da filin wasan zuwa matsayinsa na asali na ɗaukar 'yan kallo 80,000 a 2006, daga kusan 44,000 a 1993, bayan an mayar da shi filin wasa mai kujerun zama duka . Idan aka ƙara faɗaɗawa, akwai yiwuwar ƙara wani mataki na biyu a South Stand, wanda zai ƙara yawan 'yan wasa zuwa kusan 88,000, kodayake an yi wasu shawarwari don gina sabon filin wasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An yi rikodin yawan masu halartar filin wasan a shekarar 1939, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,962 suka kalli wasan kusa da na karshe [[FA Cup|na Kofin FA]] tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town . Old Trafford ta karbi bakuncin wasan karshe na cin kofin FA, zagaye na biyu na karshe kuma ana amfani da shi akai-akai a matsayin wurin tsaka-tsaki don wasannin kusa da na karshe na gasar. Ta kuma dauki nauyin wasannin Ingila, da wasannin da aka buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966, da gasar UEFA Euro ta 1996, da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar UEFA ta mata ta Euro ta 2022 . Filin wasan ya kuma dauki bakuncin wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2003 . A wajen ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da filin wasan a wasu lokutan don gasar rugby . Wannan shine wurin da za a yi gasar Super League Grand Final ta shekara-shekara ta Rugby Football League, kuma a da gasar Premiership Final ce, tun daga shekarar 1987. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance wurin da aka shirya gasar cin kofin duniya ta Rugby League sau huɗu - 1995, 2000, 2013, da 2021 (na maza da mata) . ==Tarihi== ===Gini da shekarun farko=== Kafin shekarar 1902, ana kiran Manchester United da Newton Heath, a lokacin da suka fara buga wasanninsu na ƙwallon ƙafa a North Road, sannan daga baya a Bank Street da ke Clayton. Sai dai, filayen biyu suna fama da matsanancin yanayi, inda filayen suka kasance daga tsakuwa zuwa fadama, yayin da Bank Street ke fama da hayaƙin da ke fitowa daga masana'antun da ke makwabtaka da shi.<ref>Murphy, p. 14</ref> Saboda haka, bayan ceto ƙungiyar daga kusan durƙushewar kuɗi da kuma sauya mata suna, sabon shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ya yanke shawara a shekarar 1909 cewa filin Bank Street bai dace da ƙungiyar da ta lashe First Division da FA Cup kwanan nan ba, don haka ya bayar da kuɗi don gina sabon filin wasa.<ref>Murphy, p. 27</ref> Da yake ba ya son kashe kuɗi ba tare da tsari ba, Davies ya binciki wurare daban-daban a Manchester don nemo wurin da ya dace, kafin ya zaɓi wani fili kusa da Bridgewater Canal, kusa da arewacin ƙarshen Warwick Road a Old Trafford.<ref name="mccartney_9">McCartney (1996), p. 9</ref> Wani ɗan gine-gine ɗan Scotland mai suna Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin, wanda ya tsara wasu filayen wasa da dama. Da farko an tsara filin da damar ɗaukar 'yan kallo 100,000, tare da kujeru a babban ɓangaren kudu da ke ƙarƙashin rufi, yayin da sauran ɓangarori uku suka kasance wuraren tsayawa ba tare da rufi ba.<ref>Inglis, pp. 234–235</ref> Ciki har da kuɗin sayen filin, an tsara cewa gina filin wasan zai ci jimillar £60,000. Sai dai yayin da farashin ya fara ƙaruwa, cika damar da aka tsara zai ƙara kashe £30,000 fiye da kiyasin farko. Saboda shawarar sakataren ƙungiyar John Bentley, an rage damar ɗaukar filin zuwa kusan 80,000.<ref>White, p. 50</ref><ref>McCartney (1996), p. 13</ref> Duk da haka, a lokacin da kuɗin sayen 'yan wasa suke kusan £1,000, kuɗin gina filin ya ƙara ƙarfafa laƙabin ƙungiyar na "Moneybags United", wanda aka yi mata tun lokacin da Davies ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar.<ref>Inglis, p. 234</ref> A watan Mayu 1908, Archibald Leitch ya rubuta wa Cheshire Lines Committee (CLC) — wanda ke da tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da wurin da aka tsara gina filin ƙwallon ƙafar — domin ƙoƙarin shawo kansu su ba da tallafin gina babban ɗakin kallo da ke gefen layin dogo. Tallafin zai kasance £10,000, wanda za a biya a £2,000 a kowace shekara tsawon shekaru biyar, ko kuma rabin kuɗin shiga daga babban ɗakin kallo a kowace shekara har sai an biya bashin. Sai dai, duk da garantin bashin da ƙungiyar kanta da kuma wasu masana'antun giya biyu na yankin suka bayar, waɗanda shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ke jagoranta, Cheshire Lines Committee ta ƙi amincewa da shawarar.<ref>McCartney (1996), p. 10</ref> CLC ta shirya gina sabuwar tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da sabon filin wasan, inda aka yi hasashen samun £2,750 a kowace shekara daga kuɗin sufuri, wanda zai taimaka wajen rage kuɗin gina tashar da ya kai £9,800. An daga baya gina tashar — Trafford Park — amma a wani wuri da ya fi nisa a layin fiye da yadda aka tsara da farko.<ref name="mccartney_9"/> Daga baya CLC ta gina ƙaramar tashar mai dandamali guda ɗaya da aka yi da itace, kusa da filin wasan kai tsaye, kuma aka buɗe ta a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1935. Da farko ana kiranta United Football Ground,<ref>Butt (1995), p. 247</ref> amma aka sauya sunanta zuwa Old Trafford Football Ground a farkon shekarar 1936. A ranakun wasa kawai, jiragen ƙasa masu amfani da tururi daga Manchester Central railway station ne ke kai mata mutane.<ref>Butt, p. 178</ref> A yanzu ana kiranta Manchester United Football Ground.<ref>{{cite web |title=Manchester Utd Football Gd (MUF) |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |publisher=National Rail |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727132532/http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |archive-date=27 July 2011 }}</ref> Kamfanin Messrs Brameld and Smith na Manchester ne ya gudanar da aikin ginin<ref name="encyclopaedia">Barnes et al., pp. 44–47, 52</ref> kuma an kammala aikin a ƙarshen shekarar 1909. Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1910, lokacin da United ta karɓi bakuncin Liverpool. Sai dai ƙungiyar gida ta kasa bai wa magoya bayanta nasara a wannan rana, domin Liverpool ta yi nasara da ci 4–3. Sandy Turnbull ne ya ci ƙwallo ta farko da aka taɓa ci a Old Trafford. Wani ɗan jarida da ya halarci wasan ya bayyana filin wasan a matsayin "mafi kyau, mafi faɗi kuma mafi ban mamaki da na taɓa gani. A matsayin filin ƙwallon ƙafa, babu irinsa a duniya, abin alfahari ne ga Manchester da kuma gidan ƙungiyar da za ta iya yin abubuwan al'ajabi idan ta ga dama".<ref>White (2008), p. 50</ref> [[File:Old trafford stadium 1920s.jpg|thumb|Old Trafford a shekarun 1920]] Kafin a gina Wembley Stadium a shekarar 1923, ana gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup a filaye daban-daban a Ingila, ciki har da Old Trafford.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |title=FA Cup Final Venues |access-date=11 September 2016 |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |archive-date=8 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508211237/http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |url-status=live }}</ref> Na farko daga cikin waɗannan shi ne wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na 1911 tsakanin Bradford City da Newcastle United, bayan wasan farko a Crystal Palace ya ƙare babu ci bayan karin lokaci. Bradford ta yi nasara da ci 1–0, Jimmy Speirs ne ya ci ƙwallon, a gaban mutane 58,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |title=1911 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064001/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na biyu da aka gudanar a filin shi ne wasan ƙarshe na 1915 tsakanin Sheffield United da Chelsea. Sheffield United ta yi nasara da ci 3–0 a gaban kusan 'yan kallo 50,000, yawancinsu sojoji ne, wanda ya sa aka yi wa wasan laƙabin "Khaki Cup Final".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |title=1915 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060934/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |archive-date=11 March 2007 }}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1920, Old Trafford ya karɓi adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a wasan lig na United, inda 'yan kallo 70,504 suka kalli Red Devils suna rashin nasara da ci 3–1 a hannun Aston Villa.<ref>Murphy, p. 31</ref> Filin ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko na ƙasashen duniya daga baya a wannan shekaru goma, lokacin da Ingila ta sha kashi da ci 1–0 a hannun Scotland a gaban 'yan kallo 49,429 a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1926.<ref name="mccartney_17">McCartney (1996), p. 17</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The OT Story: 1910–1930 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=18 January 2010 |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013184919/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |archive-date=13 October 2012 }}</ref> Abin mamaki, adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa a Old Trafford ba a wasan gida na Manchester United aka samu ba. A maimakon haka, a ranar 25 ga Maris 1939, mutane 76,962 ne suka kalli wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na FA Cup tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town.<ref name="sky_sports">Rollin and Rollin, p. 254–255</ref> ===Harin bam a lokacin yaƙi=== {{multiple image | align = right | direction = horizontal | image1 = Garderobeinngang (old trafford) 1992.JPG | width1 = 147 | alt1 = | image2 = Manchester United (8051528418).jpg | width2 = 160 | alt2 = | footer = Ramin tsakiyar Old Trafford (hagu) shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na 1910 da ya tsira bayan harin bam na filin wasan a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Yanzu ana amfani da ramin kusurwa (dama) wajen da 'yan wasa ke wucewa a ranar wasa. }} A shekarar 1936, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gyaran filin da ya ci £35,000, an ƙara rufi mai tsawon yadi 80 a karon farko a kan United Road stand (wanda yanzu ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson Stand),<ref name="inglis_235">Inglis, p. 235</ref> yayin da aka ƙara rufi a kusurwoyin kudu a shekarar 1938.<ref name="rivalry">Brandon, pp. 179–180</ref> Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, sojoji sun ƙwace Old Trafford domin amfani da shi a matsayin ma'ajiyar kayayyaki.<ref name="mccartney_20">McCartney (1996), p. 20</ref> An ci gaba da buga ƙwallo a filin, amma wani harin bam na Jamus a Trafford Park a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1940 ya lalata filin wasan sosai, har aka tilasta sauya wasan ranar Kirsimeti da Stockport County zuwa filin Stockport.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> An dawo da buga ƙwallo a Old Trafford a ranar 8 ga Maris 1941, amma wani harin Jamus a ranar 11 ga Maris 1941 ya lalata yawancin filin wasan, musamman babban ɗakin kallo (wanda yanzu ake kira South Stand), lamarin da ya tilasta ƙungiyar ta koma gudanar da ayyukanta daga Cornbrook Cold Storage, mallakar shugaban United James W. Gibson.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> Bayan matsin lamba daga Gibson, War Damage Commission ta ba Manchester United £4,800 domin kwashe tarkace da kuma £17,478 domin sake gina ɗakunan kallo.<ref name="inglis_235"/> A lokacin sake gina filin wasan, Manchester United ta buga wasanninta na "gida" a Maine Road, gidan abokiyar hamayyarta ta cikin birni, Manchester City, kan kuɗin £5,000 a shekara tare da kaso daga kuɗin shiga daga ƙofar filin.<ref>Murphy, p. 45</ref> A wannan lokacin ƙungiyar tana da bashin £15,000, wanda hayar Maine Road ta ƙara tsananta, kuma ɗan majalisar Labour mai wakiltar Stoke, Ellis Smith, ya roƙi gwamnati ta ƙara kuɗin diyya ga ƙungiyar, amma hakan bai yi nasara ba.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Ko da yake an sake buɗe Old Trafford a shekarar 1949, duk da cewa ba shi da rufi, hakan na nufin an shafe kusan shekaru 10 ba a buga wasan lig a filin ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Philip |title=How Matt Busby arrived at Manchester United |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=1 February 2008 |access-date=21 August 2008 |location=London |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015045004/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |archive-date=15 October 2008 }}</ref> Wasan farko na United bayan komawa Old Trafford an buga shi a ranar 24 ga Agusta 1949, inda 'yan kallo 41,748 suka shaida nasarar da ci 3–0 a kan Bolton Wanderers.<ref>White (2008), p. 224</ref> ===Kammala babban shirin gyara=== An mayar da rufi a kan Main Stand a shekarar 1951, kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka rufe sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, aikin ya ƙare da ƙara rufi a Stretford End (wanda yanzu ake kira West Stand) a shekarar 1959.<ref name="rivalry"/> Ƙungiyar ta kuma kashe £40,000 wajen girka fitilun haske na musamman, domin ta sami damar amfani da filin wasan wajen wasannin Turai da ake buga da yamma a ranakun aiki, maimakon yin amfani da Maine Road. Domin guje wa inuwar da za ta rufe filin wasa, an cire wasu sassan biyu na rufin Main Stand.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Wasan farko da aka buga ƙarƙashin fitilun haske a Old Trafford shi ne wasan First Division tsakanin Manchester United da Bolton Wanderers a ranar 25 ga Maris 1957.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Sai dai, duk da cewa yanzu 'yan kallo za su iya ganin 'yan wasa da dare, har yanzu suna fama da matsalar rashin cikakken gani saboda ginshiƙan da ke ɗauke da rufin. Yayin da gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966 ke gabatowa, inda filin wasan zai karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wannan ya sa daraktocin United suka sake tsara United Road (arewa) stand gaba ɗaya. An maye gurbin tsoffin ginshiƙan rufin a shekarar 1965 da tsarin zamani na cantilever a saman rufin, wanda ya bai wa kowane mai kallo damar kallon wasa ba tare da wani abu ya hana gani ba,<ref name="rivalry"/> sannan aka faɗaɗa shi domin ɗaukar 'yan kallo 20,000 (10,000 masu zama da 10,000 masu tsayawa a gaba) kan kuɗin £350,000.<ref name="inglis_236">Inglis, p. 236</ref> Masu gine-ginen sabon ɗakin kallo, Mather and Nutter (wanda yanzu ake kira Atherden Fuller),<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> sun sake tsara tsarin ɗakin kallo ta yadda za a samu wurin tsayawa a gaba, babban wurin zama a baya, da kuma ɗakunan sirri na farko a filin ƙwallon ƙafa na Birtaniya. An sake gina east stand — wanda shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren da ya rage ba shi da rufi — cikin irin wannan tsari a shekarar 1973.<ref name=":0">Inglis, p. 237</ref> Bayan an mayar da ɗakunan kallo biyu na farko zuwa tsarin cantilever, masu filin wasan suka tsara wani shiri na dogon lokaci na yin hakan ga sauran ɗakunan kallo biyu da kuma mayar da filin wasan zuwa wani filin mai kama da kwano.<ref name="manutdzone">{{cite web |url=http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |title=Old Trafford 1909–2006 |access-date=11 December 2011 |publisher=manutdzone.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080217222825/http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |archive-date=17 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Irin wannan aikin zai taimaka wajen ƙara yanayi da hayaniya a cikin filin ta hanyar tattara sautin magoya baya da kuma mayar da shi zuwa filin wasa, inda 'yan wasan za su ji cikakken tasirin filin da ke cike da jama'a.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=OT atmosphere excites Ole |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=15 August 2006 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002143817/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A halin yanzu, filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na uku, inda 'yan kallo 62,078 suka kalli wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na 1970 tsakanin Chelsea da Leeds United; Chelsea ta yi nasara da ci 2–1. Filin ya kuma karɓi bakuncin wasan dawowa na 1968 Intercontinental Cup, inda Estudiantes de La Plata ta lashe kofin bayan an tashi 1–1.<ref>{{cite web |first=Martin |last=Macchiavello |title=Nostalgia Alá vista |url=http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |publisher=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |date=18 December 2009 |access-date=18 July 2010 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302232407/http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |archive-date=2 March 2012 }}</ref> A shekarun 1970, an samu gagarumin ƙaruwa na tarzomar magoya bayan ƙwallon ƙafa a Birtaniya,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |title=University of Liverpool FIG Factsheet – Hooliganism |access-date=4 September 2008 |last=Pearson |first=Geoff |date=December 2007 |work=Football Industry Group |publisher=University of Liverpool |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913004141/http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |archive-date=13 September 2008 }}</ref> kuma wani lamari na jefa wuƙa a shekarar 1971 ya tilasta ƙungiyar gina shingen kewaye da filin na farko a ƙasar, wanda ya hana magoya baya shiga filin wasa.<ref name="inglis_236"/> ===Sauya zuwa filin mai kujeru kawai=== [[File:Stretford end 1992.JPG|thumb|Stretford End kafin sake gina shi a farkon shekarun 1990]] Tare da kowace irin gyara da aka yi wa filin tun bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, damar ɗaukar mutane tana raguwa a hankali. Zuwa shekarun 1980, damar ta ragu daga 80,000 na asali zuwa kusan 60,000. Damar ta ƙara raguwa a shekarar 1990, lokacin da Taylor Report ya ba da shawara, kuma gwamnati ta buƙaci, a mayar da dukkan filayen First da Second Division zuwa filayen da ke da kujeru ga kowa. Wannan ya sa tsare-tsaren kashe £3–5&nbsp;miliyan domin maye gurbin Stretford End da sabon ɗakin kallo mai wurin tsayawa a gaba da rufin cantilever da zai haɗa shi da sauran filin suka zama dole a sauya su sosai.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Wannan sake gini da aka tilasta, wanda ya haɗa da cire wuraren tsayawa a gaban sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, ba kawai ya ƙara kuɗin aikin zuwa kusan £10&nbsp;miliyan ba, har ma ya rage damar Old Trafford zuwa mafi ƙarancin da aka taɓa samu, wato kusan 44,000.<ref name="inglis_238">Inglis, p. 238</ref> A shekarar 1992 kuma aka sanar da ƙungiyar cewa za ta samu £1.4&nbsp;miliyan ne kawai daga cikin £2&nbsp;miliyan da Football Trust zai iya bayarwa domin aikin da ya shafi Taylor Report.<ref>Inglis, pp. 238–239</ref> [[File:Old Trafford 1992 (outside).JPG|thumb|left|Wajen Old Trafford, 1992]] Sake samun nasarar ƙungiyar da kuma ƙaruwa da shahararta a farkon shekarun 1990 ya tabbatar da cewa dole ne a ƙara yin wasu gyare-gyare. A shekarar 1995, an rushe North Stand mai shekaru 30, kuma aka fara aikin gina sabon ɗakin kallo cikin sauri,<ref>James, pp. 405–6</ref> domin a kammala shi kafin Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da kuma wasan ƙarshe a Euro 96. Ƙungiyar ta sayi Trafford Park trading estate, wani fili mai girman {{convert|20|acre|ha|0|abbr=off|adj=on}}, wanda yake ɗaya gefen United Road, kan kuɗin £9.2&nbsp;miliyan a watan Maris 1995. An fara ginin a watan Yunin 1995 kuma aka kammala shi a watan Mayun 1996, inda aka buɗe matakai biyu na farko cikin uku na ɗakin kallo a lokacin kakar. Atherden Fuller ne ya tsara shi, tare da Hilstone Laurie a matsayin masu kula da aikin da gini, da Campbell Reith Hill a matsayin injiniyoyin tsarin ginin. Sabon ɗakin kallo mai hawa uku ya ci jimillar £18.65&nbsp;miliyan kuma yana da damar ɗaukar kusan mutane 25,500, wanda ya ɗaga damar ɗaukacin filin zuwa sama da 55,000. Rufin cantilever ɗin ya kasance mafi girma a Turai, yana da tsawon {{convert|58.5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} daga bangon baya zuwa gefen gaba.<ref name="inglis_239">Inglis, p. 239</ref> Ƙarin nasarori a cikin shekaru masu zuwa sun tabbatar da ƙarin gine-gine. Da farko, an ƙara bene na biyu a East Stand. Da aka buɗe shi a watan Janairun 2000, damar filin wasan ta ƙaru na ɗan lokaci zuwa kusan 61,000 har sai da aka buɗe bene na biyu na West Stand, wanda ya ƙara wasu kujeru 7,000, ya kawo jimillar damar zuwa 68,217. A wannan lokacin ba kawai shi ne filin ƙungiya mafi girma a Ingila ba, har ma shi ne mafi girma a duk faɗin Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |title=Old Trafford |access-date=21 August 2008 |publisher=waterscape.com |archive-date=3 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403023715/http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |url-status=live }}</ref> Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na Turai mafi girma na farko shekaru uku bayan haka, inda aka gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na UEFA Champions League na 2003 tsakanin Milan da Juventus.<ref>{{cite book |title=UEFA Champions League Statistics Handbook 2012/13 |year=2012 |publisher=Union of European Football Associations |location=Nyon |page=154 }}</ref> [[File:Old trafford february 2010.jpg|thumb|An buɗe East Stand da aka sake ginawa a farkon kakar 2000–01.]] Daga shekarar 2001 zuwa 2007, bayan rushe tsohon Wembley Stadium, an tilasta wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila buga wasanninta a wasu wurare. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar ta zagaya ƙasar, inda ta buga wasanninta a filaye daban-daban daga Villa Park da ke Birmingham zuwa St James' Park da ke Newcastle. A wannan lokaci, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin gida 14 daga cikin 34 na Ingila, fiye da kowane filin wasa, na ƙarshe daga cikinsu shi ne rashin nasarar da Ingila ta yi da ci 1–0 a hannun Spain a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title=Men's Senior Team Results |url=http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |access-date=31 January 2010 |archive-date=31 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131224425/http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> An buga wasan a gaban 'yan kallo 58,207.<ref>{{cite news |first=John |last=Sinnott |title=England 0–1 Spain |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=7 February 2007 |access-date=9 September 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070824100909/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |archive-date=24 August 2007 }}</ref> ===Faɗaɗa filin a 2006=== [[File:Old Trafford model.jpg|thumb|Samfurin Old Trafford mai ma'auni na Peter Oldfield-Edwards da aka nuna a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Maris 2010]] Faɗaɗa Old Trafford na baya-bayan nan, wanda aka gudanar tsakanin Yulin 2005 da Mayun 2006, ya ƙara kusan kujeru 8,000 ta hanyar ƙara bene na biyu a sassan arewa maso yamma da arewa maso gabas na filin.<ref name="manutdzone"/> An fara amfani da wani ɓangare na sabbin kujerun a ranar 26 ga Maris 2006, lokacin da yawan 'yan kallo 69,070 ya zama sabon tarihin Premier League.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 3–0 Birmingham |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 March 2006 |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120125023/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 }}</ref> An ci gaba da ƙara wannan tarihi har sai da ya kai matsayinsa na yanzu a ranar 31 ga Maris 2007, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,098 suka kalli United ta doke Blackburn Rovers da ci 4–1, wanda ke nufin kujeru 114 kacal (0.15% na jimillar damar ɗaukar mutane 76,212) suka kasance babu kowa.<ref name="united4_blackburn1">{{cite news |first=Nick |last=Coppack |title=Report: United 4 Blackburn 1 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=31 March 2007 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216043425/http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> A shekarar 2009, sake tsara kujerun filin wasan ya rage damar ɗaukar mutane da 255 zuwa 75,957, wanda ke nufin tarihin yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar zai ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa wani sabon faɗaɗawa.<ref name="inside_united">{{cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Steve |editor1-first=Ian |editor1-last=McLeish |date=March 2010 |title=Design for life |journal=Inside United |issue=212 |pages=44–48 |publisher=Haymarket Network |issn=1749-6497 }}</ref><ref name="record_gate">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #9: Record gate |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 November 2009 |access-date=19 November 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216030119/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> [[File:Brazil Belarus kickoff.JPG|thumb|left|Old Trafford yayin wani wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012]] Old Trafford ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 2010. Domin tunawa da wannan lokaci, shafin yanar gizon Manchester United na hukuma ya wallafa wani shiri wanda a cikinsa aka nuna wani muhimmin abin tunawa daga tarihin filin wasan a kowace rana daga cikin kwanaki 100 da suka gabaci ranar cika shekaru.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=My Old Trafford |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=25 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232234/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> Daga cikin waɗannan abubuwa 100, wani kwamiti da ya haɗa da masanin kididdigar ƙungiyar Cliff Butler, ɗan jarida David Meek, da tsoffin 'yan wasa Paddy Crerand da Wilf McGuinness ya zaɓi guda 10 mafi muhimmanci.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100: The Top 10 revealed |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232444/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A Old Trafford kansa, an gudanar da gasar zane-zane ga ɗalibai daga makarantu uku na yankin domin su ƙirƙiri yadda suke ganin filin wasan a baya, yanzu da kuma nan gaba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT art competition |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003063025/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> An ajiye zane-zanen da suka yi nasara a matsayin nunin dindindin a hanyar shiga babban ɓangaren iyalai na Old Trafford, kuma mai zane Harold Riley ya ba waɗanda suka yi nasara kyaututtuka a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=New OT exhibit unveiled |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211035534/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |archive-date=11 December 2010 }}</ref> Tsohon mai tsaron gida Jack Crompton da babban jami'in gudanarwa David Gill ne suka buɗe wani baje koli game da filin wasan a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit"/> Baje kolin ya nuna tarihin filin wasan tare da abubuwan tunawa daga baya, ciki har da shirin wasan farko da kuma samfurin filin mai ma'auni 1:220 wanda mai ƙera samfura Peter Oldfield-Edwards ya gina da hannu.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT history on display |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223140805/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |archive-date=23 December 2011 }}</ref> A ƙarshe, a wasan gida na Manchester United da Fulham a ranar 14 ga Maris, magoya bayan da suka halarci wasan sun samu kwafin shirin wasan farko na Old Trafford, sannan a lokacin hutun rabin lokaci dangin 'yan wasan da suka buga wasan farko — da kuma dangin shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies da mai tsara filin wasan Archibald Leitch — suka shiga aikin binne wani akwati na abubuwan tunawa da Manchester United kusa da ramin tsakiyar filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=Stadium set for centenary match |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=12 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208083213/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |archive-date=8 February 2012 }}</ref> Ba a iya gano dangin winger Billy Meredith, wing-half Dick Duckworth da sakataren ƙungiyar Ernest Mangnall ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=Dream day for 1910 relatives |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216081325/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |archive-date=16 February 2011 }}</ref> An yi amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da wasanni da dama na gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=Old Trafford |url=http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |work=London2012.com |publisher=London 2012 |access-date=2 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123125022/http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |archive-date=23 January 2013 }}</ref> Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni biyar, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da wasan ƙarshe a gasar maza, da kuma wasan rukuni guda ɗaya da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe a gasar mata, wanda ya kasance sanannen wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin Canada da United States,<ref>{{cite web |title=Football – event schedule |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/17092335 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 March 2012 |access-date=28 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422130437/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/17092335 |archive-date=22 April 2014 }}</ref> kuma su ne wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na mata na ƙasashen duniya na farko da aka taɓa gudanar a filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sam |last=Borden |title=Rare at Old Trafford: A Women's Match |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=30 July 2012 |access-date=31 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731231824/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |archive-date=31 July 2012 }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2006, ana kuma amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da Soccer Aid, wasan sadaka da ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru biyu, wanda mawaki Robbie Williams da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Jonathan Wilkes suka fara shirya; sai dai a shekarar 2008 an gudanar da wasan a Wembley Stadium.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sean |last=Gibson |title=Soccer Aid 2016, England vs Rest of the World: What time is kick-off, what are the teams and which TV channel is it on? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |website=The Telegraph |date=3 June 2016 |access-date=3 June 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605042626/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |archive-date=5 June 2016 }}</ref> [[File:Old Trafford, April 2020 (04).jpg|thumb|Girmamawar Old Trafford ga Hukumar Kiwon Lafiya ta Ƙasa a lokacin annobar COVID-19]] A ranar 27 ga Maris 2021, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan farko na ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United, inda West Ham United ta kasance abokiyar hamayya a gasar Women's Super League.<ref>{{Cite press release|date=16 March 2021|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/Manchester-United-Women-to-play-at-Old-Trafford-for-the-very-first-time|title=MU Women to play first-ever match at Old Trafford|website=Manchester United|access-date=25 March 2021|archive-date=19 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319011528/https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/manchester-united-women-to-play-at-old-trafford-for-the-very-first-time|url-status=live}}</ref> Daidai shekara guda bayan haka, ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United ta kara da Everton a Old Trafford a gaban 'yan kallo a karon farko (wasan 2021 an buga shi ba tare da 'yan kallo ba saboda annobar COVID-19). 'Yan kallo 20,241 ne suka halarci wasan, wanda ya zama mafi yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar mata, kuma suka ga Manchester United ta yi nasara da ci 3–1.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |title=Manchester United Women 3–1 Eveton Women |work=BBC Sport |date=27 March 2022 |access-date=19 April 2022 |archive-date=19 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419060202/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |url-status=live }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Yuli 2022, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan buɗe gasar UEFA Women's Euro 2022 tsakanin Ingila da Austria, a gaban adadin 'yan kallo 68,871, wanda shi ne mafi yawan 'yan kallo da aka taɓa samu a gasar cin kofin Turai ta mata, kuma na biyu mafi yawa a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata a Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |title=Women's Euro 2022 kicks off with record attendance as England secure a nervous win |website=olympics.com |last=Hill |first=Courtney |date=7 July 2022 |access-date=19 July 2022 |archive-date=8 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708182153/https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2022, an saka Old Trafford cikin jerin filayen wasan da aka zaɓa a matsayin wani ɓangare na takarar United Kingdom da Ireland na karɓar bakuncin UEFA Euro 2028, amma ba a saka shi cikin jerin filayen wasa 10 na ƙarshe da aka sanar a watan Afrilu 2023 ba.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65245224/|title=Euro 2028: Casement Park and Everton's Bramley-Moore Dock among 10 stadiums for UK & Ireland bid|work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4404128/2023/04/12/euro-2028-stadiums-uk-ireland//|title=UK and Ireland announce final list of stadiums for Euro 2028 bid|work=The New York Times |last1=Bosher |first1=Luke |date=13 April 2023 }}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2023, ƙungiyar maza ta Ingila ta koma Old Trafford a karon farko tun shekarar 2007 domin buga wasan neman gurbin Euro 2024 da North Macedonia; Ingila ta yi nasara da ci 7–0 a gaban mutane 70,708.<ref>{{cite web |title=England-North Macedonia {{!}} European Qualifiers 2024 |url=https://www.uefa.com/european-qualifiers/match/2036363--england-vs-north-macedonia/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> ==Tsari da kayan aiki== [[File:OldTraffordPlan-en.svg|thumb|Tsarin yadda Old Trafford yake. Wurin da aka yi wa inuwa yana nuna ɓangaren da aka ware wa magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi.]] Filin wasan Old Trafford yana kewaye da ɗakunan kallo guda huɗu masu rufi kuma masu kujeru kawai, waɗanda a hukumance ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson (Arewa), East, Sir Bobby Charlton (Kudu) da West Stands. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan ɗakunan kallo yana da aƙalla matakai biyu,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ticket-compare.com/stadiums/old-trafford/seating-plan/ |title=Old Trafford Seating Plan |publisher=Ticket Compare }}</ref> ban da Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda yake da mataki guda kawai saboda ƙuntatawar gini. Ƙananan matakin kowane ɗakin kallo an raba shi zuwa ɓangaren Ƙasa da na Sama, inda aka sauya ɓangarorin Ƙasa daga wuraren tsayawa a farkon shekarun 1990. ===Sir Alex Ferguson Stand=== [[File:Sir Alex Ferguson stand, Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|left|Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand) kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand)]] Sir Alex Ferguson Stand, wanda a da ake kira United Road stand da North Stand, yana shimfiɗe a saman United Road. Wannan ɗakin kallo yana da matakai uku, kuma yana iya ɗaukar kusan 'yan kallo 26,000, wanda ya fi kowanne daga cikin ɗakunan kallo huɗu. Haka kuma yana da wurare kaɗan ga magoya baya a ɗakunan gudanarwa da dakunan karɓar baƙi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Executive Club |url=http://www.executiveclub.manutd.com/ |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=1 August 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814175027/http://www.executiveclub.manutd.com/ |archive-date=14 August 2011 }}</ref> An buɗe shi a yanayinsa na yanzu a shekarar 1996, bayan da a da yake ɗakin kallo mai mataki guda. A matsayinsa na mafi girman ɗakin kallo na filin, yana ɗauke da wasu fitattun wuraren more rayuwa na filin, ciki har da Red Café (gidan cin abinci/bar mai jigo na Manchester United) da gidan tarihin Manchester United da ɗakin kofunan ƙungiyar. Da farko an buɗe gidan tarihin a shekarar 1986 a matsayin na farko irinsa a duniya,<ref>Inglis, p. 240</ref> kuma yana kusurwar kudu maso gabashin filin har zuwa lokacin da aka mayar da shi zuwa North Stand da aka sake ginawa a shekarar 1998. Pelé ne ya buɗe gidan tarihin a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1998, tun daga lokacin adadin masu ziyara ya tashi daga 192,000 a shekarar 1998 zuwa sama da masu ziyara 300,000 a shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={9C9F8161-326A-40F0-8EB0-085348EEDCFC} |title=Virtual Tour – The Museum |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110125171433/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7B9C9F8161-326A-40F0-8EB0-085348EEDCFC%7D |archive-date=25 January 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #66: Pele's visit |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2010/Jan/OT100-66-Peles-visit.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003174455/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2010/Jan/OT100-66-Peles-visit.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> Ya zuwa kakar 2022–23, yawan masu ziyara ya ragu zuwa kusan 190,000.<ref name=":0" /> [[File:A statue of Sir Alex Ferguson at Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Mutum-mutumin tagulla na wani mutum sanye da riga, hannayensa a haɗe.|An kafa mutum-mutumin Sir Alex Ferguson a Old Trafford a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2012.]] An sake wa North Stand suna Sir Alex Ferguson Stand a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2011, domin girmama shekaru 25 da Alex Ferguson ya yi a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd rename Old Trafford stand in Ferguson's honour |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/15607907 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=5 November 2011 |access-date=5 November 2011 |archive-date=7 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130707151516/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/15607907 |url-status=live }}</ref> An kafa mutum-mutumin Ferguson mai tsawon {{convert|9|ft|m|1|abbr=off|spell=in|adj=on}}, wanda Philip Jackson ya sassaka, a wajen ɗakin kallon a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2012, domin girmama matsayinsa na manajan da ya fi kowa tsawon lokaci a tarihin Manchester United.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sir Alex Ferguson pride as Manchester United unveil statue |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/20468104 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 November 2012 |access-date=23 November 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121124214842/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20468104 |archive-date=24 November 2012 }}</ref> ===Sir Bobby Charlton Stand=== [[File:Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand).jpg|thumb|left|Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand) kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand)]] A kishiyar Sir Alex Ferguson Stand akwai Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda a da yake babban ɗakin kallon Old Trafford kuma a baya ake kiransa South Stand. Duk da cewa yana da mataki guda kawai, Sir Bobby Charlton Stand yana ɗauke da mafi yawan ɗakunan gudanarwa na filin,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events/The-Suites.aspx |title=The Suites |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110203051517/http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events/The-Suites.aspx |archive-date=3 February 2011 }}</ref> sannan kuma yana karɓar duk wani babban baƙo da zai zo kallon wasa. Ana zaunar da ma'aikatan kafofin watsa labarai a tsakiyar Upper South Stand domin su samu kyakkyawan kallon wasa. Haka kuma, wurin kyamarorin talabijin yana cikin Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, saboda haka wannan ɗakin kallo ne aka fi nuna shi a talabijin. <ref name="rivalry"/> Dakunan shirye-shiryen talabijin suna a ƙarshen biyu na Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, inda tashar talabijin ta cikin gida ta ƙungiyar, MUTV, take a ɗakin gabas, yayin da sauran tashoshin talabijin, kamar BBC da Sky, suke a ɗakin yamma. Wurin zama na manajoji yana tsakiyar Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, an ɗaga shi sama da matakin filin domin ba manaja da masu horar da shi damar samun kyakkyawan hangen wasan daga sama. Wurin zaman kowace ƙungiya yana gefen tsohuwar ramin ’yan wasa, wadda aka yi amfani da ita har zuwa shekarar 1993. Wannan tsohuwar rami ita ce kaɗai ragowar ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na shekarar 1910, bayan da ta tsira daga harin bam da ya lalata yawancin filin yayin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={0341FBBA-96FA-42BB-896B-0D15ABAFA643} |title=Virtual Tour – Dugout |access-date=7 February 2008 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210194159/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7B0341FBBA-96FA-42BB-896B-0D15ABAFA643%7D |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2008, an sauya sunan wannan rami zuwa Munich Tunnel, a matsayin abin tunawa da cikar shekaru 50 da bala'in jirgin sama na Munich na shekarar 1958.<ref>{{cite news |title=Football honours Munich victims |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/7228670.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=6 February 2008 |access-date=7 February 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208215806/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7228670.stm |archive-date=8 February 2008 }}</ref> Ramin yanzu yana kusurwar kudu maso yammacin filin, kuma yana kuma zama hanyar shiga ga ma'aikatan agajin gaggawa. Idan manyan motoci suna buƙatar shiga, ana iya ɗaga kujerun da ke saman ramin da kusan {{convert|25|ft|m|1}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={B0531F7F-9461-406D-81A9-ACA2AF687CC9} |title=Virtual Tour – Player's Tunnel |access-date=7 February 2008 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210194219/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7BB0531F7F-9461-406D-81A9-ACA2AF687CC9%7D |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}</ref> Ramin yana kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan canza kaya na ’yan wasa ta yankin tattaunawar talabijin, sannan zuwa ɗakin hutun ’yan wasa. An sake gyara ɗakunan canza kaya na ƙungiyar gida da ta baƙi kafin kakar 2018–19, sannan an faɗaɗa tare da raba hanyar da ke kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan biyu domin a raba ƙungiyoyin da ke fafatawa da juna.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Sam|last=Wallace|title=Old Trafford dressing-room layout changed to avoid repeat of Manchester derby tunnel fracas|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/08/28/old-trafford-dressing-room-layout-changed-avoid-repeat-manchester/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/08/28/old-trafford-dressing-room-layout-changed-avoid-repeat-manchester/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=The Telegraph|date=28 August 2018|access-date=28 August 2018|issn=0307-1235}}{{cbignore}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Afrilu 2016, an sauya sunan South Stand zuwa Sir Bobby Charlton Stand kafin fara wasan Premier League na gida da Everton, domin girmama tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Bobby Charlton, wanda ya fara bugawa Manchester United wasa shekaru 60 da suka gabata.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-35953846 |title=Sir Bobby Charlton stand unveiled at Old Trafford |website=BBC News |date=3 April 2016 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404015116/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-35953846 |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2016/Feb/South-Stand-at-Old-Trafford-renamed-Sir-Bobby-Charlton-Stand.aspx |title=South Stand at Old Trafford to be renamed after Sir Bobby Charlton |publisher=Manchester United |website=ManUtd.com |date=15 February 2016 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322034948/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2016/Feb/South-Stand-at-Old-Trafford-renamed-Sir-Bobby-Charlton-Stand.aspx |archive-date=22 March 2016 }}</ref> ===West Stand=== {{main|Stretford End}} [[File:Stretford End, Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|The West Stand, with its mosaic of seats displaying the stand's colloquial name]] Wataƙila West Stand shi ne ɗakin kallo da aka fi sani a Old Trafford, wanda kuma ake kira Stretford End. A al'ada, wannan ɗakin kallo shi ne wurin da manyan magoya bayan United suke zama, kuma su ne waɗanda suka fi yin hayaniya.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Moore |title=Football: You only sing when you're standing |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |publisher=Independent, The |location=London |date=19 November 1996 |access-date=22 August 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111161044/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 }}</ref> Da farko an tsara Stretford End domin ɗaukar magoya baya 20,000, kuma shi ne ɗakin kallo na ƙarshe da aka yi wa rufi, sannan kuma shi ne ɗakin kallo na ƙarshe da ya kasance da wuraren tsayawa kawai a filin kafin tilasta sauya shi zuwa kujeru a farkon shekarun 1990. Alfred McAlpine ne ya gudanar da sake gina Stretford End, wanda aka yi a lokacin kakar 1992–93.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alfred McAlpine wins £7.2m contract to redevelop Stretford End at Manchester United FC's stadium |url=http://www.cnplus.co.uk/News/1992/05/28may92_uk_alfred_mcalpine_wins_72m_contract_to_redevelop_stretford_end_at_manchester_united_fcs_stadium.html |publisher=The Construction News |date=28 May 1992 |access-date=21 August 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064125/http://www.cnplus.co.uk/News/1992/05/28may92_uk_alfred_mcalpine_wins_72m_contract_to_redevelop_stretford_end_at_manchester_united_fcs_stadium.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Lokacin da aka ƙara mataki na biyu zuwa Stretford End a shekarar 2000, magoya baya da yawa daga tsohon K Stand sun koma wurin, kuma suka yanke shawarar rataya tutoci da alamomi a kan shingen da ke gaban matakin. Stretford End ya yi matuƙar shiga cikin al'adun Manchester United, har Denis Law ya samu laƙabin "Sarkin Stretford End", kuma yanzu akwai mutum-mutuminsa a kan hanyar shiga ta matakin sama na ɗakin kallon.<ref>{{cite web |title=Denis Law |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/Legends/Denis-Law.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228095205/http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/Legends/Denis-Law.aspx |archive-date=28 December 2010 }}</ref> ===East Stand=== [[File:Munich air disaster plaque.jpg|thumb|left|Allon tunawa a Old Trafford da aka kafa domin girmama waɗanda suka mutu a bala'in jirgin sama na Munich]] [[File:The East Stand – Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|left|East Stand kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand)]] East Stand na Old Trafford shi ne na biyu da aka sauya zuwa rufin cantilever, bayan Sir Alex Ferguson Stand. Haka kuma ana kiransa da Scoreboard End, saboda a nan ne allon sakamakon yake. East Stand a halin yanzu yana iya ɗaukar kusan magoya baya 12,000,<ref name="manutdzone"/> kuma a nan ne ɓangaren magoya bayan masu nakasa da ɓangaren magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi suke; an yi gwaji a kakar 2011–12 na mayar da magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi zuwa mataki na uku na Sir Alex Ferguson Stand, amma ba a samu damar tantance sakamakon gwajin cikin lokaci ba domin a mayar da canjin na dindindin a kakar 2012–13.<ref>{{cite news |title=Away fans won't move |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2012/May/away-fans-relocation-on-hold.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=22 May 2012 |access-date=22 May 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525215719/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2012/May/away-fans-relocation-on-hold.aspx |archive-date=25 May 2012 }}</ref> Sashen magoya bayan masu nakasa yana da wurare har zuwa magoya baya 170, tare da kujeru kyauta ga masu kula da su. A da an raba Old Trafford zuwa sassa, inda aka ba kowane sashe harafin baƙaƙe bisa jere. Duk da cewa kowane sashe yana da harafi, K Stand ne aka fi ambata a yau. Magoya bayan K Stand sun shahara da goyon bayansu mai ƙarfi ga ƙungiyar ta hanyar ihu da waƙoƙi da dama, duk da cewa da yawa daga cikinsu sun koma mataki na biyu na Stretford End.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Moore |title=Football: You only sing when you're standing |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |location=London |date=19 November 1996 |access-date=8 February 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111161044/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 }}</ref> [[File:Mégastore Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|Shagon megastore na Manchester United yana cikin East Stand na Old Trafford]] East Stand yana da bangon gilashi mai duhu, wanda a bayansa ne cibiyar gudanarwa ta ƙungiyar take. Waɗannan ofisoshin su ne wurin ma'aikatan Inside United, mujallar Manchester United ta hukuma, shafin yanar gizon ƙungiyar na hukuma, da sauran sassan gudanarwa. Ana yawan sanya hotuna da tallace-tallace a gaban East Stand, galibi don tallata kayayyaki da ayyukan da masu ɗaukar nauyin ƙungiyar ke samarwa, amma an nuna girmamawa ga Busby Babes a watan Fabrairu 2008 domin tunawa da cikar shekaru 50 da bala'in jirgin sama na Munich. A saman megastore akwai mutum-mutumin Sir Matt Busby, wanda shi ne manajan da ya fi kowa tsawon lokaci a Manchester United har zuwa lokacin da Sir Alex Ferguson ya zarce shi a shekarar 2010. Haka kuma akwai allon tunawa da waɗanda suka mutu a bala'in jirgin sama na Munich a ƙarshen kudancin East Stand, yayin da Munich Clock yake a mahadar East Stand da South Stand.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2008, domin bikin cikar shekaru 40 da lashe kofin Turai na farko na Manchester United, an bayyana mutum-mutumin "United Trinity" na "tsarkakakkiyar uku" na ƙungiyar, wato George Best, Denis Law da Bobby Charlton, a gefen Sir Matt Busby Way daga East Stand, kai tsaye gaban mutum-mutumin Busby.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=United Trinity honoured |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2008/May/United-Trinity-honoured.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=29 May 2008 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625044609/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2008/May/United-Trinity-honoured.aspx |archive-date=25 June 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 'trinity' statue unveiled |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7426075.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=29 May 2008 |access-date=30 May 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218182528/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7426075.stm |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> [[File:Sir Matt Busby Statue.jpg|thumb|left|160px|alt=Mutum-mutumin tagulla na wani mutum mai sanko sanye da kwat. Hannunsa na dama yana kan ƙugunsa na dama, yayin da yake riƙe da ƙwallon ƙafa a gefen ƙugunsa na hagu.|Mutum-mutumin Sir Matt Busby da ke kallon filin da ke gaban East Stand]] Shagon Manchester United ya samu wurare daban-daban guda shida tun lokacin da aka fara buɗe shi. Da farko, ƙaramin bukka ne kusa da layin dogo da ke tafiya kusa da filin. Daga nan aka mayar da shagon zuwa gefen South Stand, inda aka fara a wurin da ke kishiyar hanyar shigar magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi, sannan aka mayar da shi zuwa ginin da daga baya ya zama ofishin sayar da kayayyakin ƙungiyar. Ƙaruwa cikin shaharar ƙungiyar a farkon shekarun 1990 ta sa aka sake mayar da shagon, a wannan karon zuwa filin gaban West Stand. Wannan sauyin ya zo da babbar faɗaɗa, tare da sauya ƙaramin shagon zuwa "megastore". Alex Ferguson ya buɗe sabon megastore a ranar 3 ga Disamba 1994.<ref>White (2008), p. 319</ref> Sauye-sauyen wurin na baya-bayan nan sun faru a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, yayin da West Stand ke buƙatar sarari domin faɗaɗa zuwa mataki na biyu, wanda hakan ya sa aka rushe megastore. An mayar da shagon zuwa wani wuri na wucin gadi da ke kishiyar East Stand, kafin daga baya ya samu wurin dindindin mai faɗin {{convert|17000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} a ƙasan East Stand da aka faɗaɗa a shekarar 2000.<ref>Mitten, p. 137</ref> Nike, mai ɗaukar nauyin kayan wasannin United, ne ya mallaki sararin megastore, kuma ya gudanar da shagon har zuwa ƙarshen yarjejeniyar ɗaukar nauyinsu a ƙarshen Yuli 2015, lokacin da mallakar shagon ta koma ga ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bates |title=Manchester United planning military-style operation to purge Old Trafford of Nike branding |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-united-planning-military-style-operation-5545047 |website=Mirror Online |publisher=MGN |date=18 April 2015 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108115745/https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-united-planning-military-style-operation-5545047 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Filin wasa da kewayensa=== [[File:United Trinity.jpg|thumb|upright|left|''The United Trinity'', mutum-mutumin "tsarkakakkiyar uku" na Manchester United, wato Best, Law da Charlton]] Filin wasan yana da tsawon kusan {{convert|105|m|yd}} da faɗinsa kusan {{convert|68|m|yd}},<ref name="cap2022"/> tare da wasu mita kaɗan na sararin da ke kewaye da filin a kowane gefe. Tsakiyar filin tana da kusan inci tara sama da gefuna, wanda ke taimaka wa ruwan saman gudana daga filin cikin sauƙi. Kamar yadda yake a filayen wasa na zamani da dama, akwai tsarin dumama na ƙarƙashin ƙasa da ke {{convert|10|in|cm}} ƙarƙashin filin, wanda ya ƙunshi bututun roba masu tsawon {{convert|23|mi|km|0}}.<ref name="pitch">White (2007), p. 17</ref> Tsohon manajan ƙungiyar Alex Ferguson ya kan nemi a sake shimfiɗa filin,<ref>{{cite news |first=Alan |last=Nixon |title=Football: FA charges Neville as United tear up pitch |work=The Independent |location=London |date=30 January 2001}}</ref> musamman a tsakiyar kakar 1998–99, lokacin da ƙungiyar ta lashe Treble, kuma kowane irin wannan aiki yana kashe kusan £250,000. Ana shayar da ciyawar Old Trafford akai-akai, amma ana rage yawan shayarwar a ranakun da ake ruwa, sannan ana yanke ciyawar sau uku a mako tsakanin Afrilu da Nuwamba, da sau ɗaya a mako daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris.<ref name="pitch"/> [[File:Old Trafford clock.jpg|thumb|upright|Hasumiyar agogon Hublot a filin ajiye motoci na Old Trafford mai lamba E1]] A tsakiyar shekarun 1980, lokacin da Manchester United Football Club ke da Manchester Giants, ƙungiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando ta Manchester, an yi shirin gina wani filin wasa na cikin gida mai kujeru 9,000 a wurin da yanzu yake Car Park E1. Sai dai shugaban ƙungiyar a lokacin, Martin Edwards, bai da isassun kuɗaɗe don gudanar da irin wannan aikin, kuma daga ƙarshe aka sayar da ƙungiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando.<ref>Mitten, p. 122</ref> A watan Agusta 2009, filin ajiye motoci ya zama wurin hasumiyar agogon Hublot, wato hasumiya mai tsayin {{convert|10|m|ft|0|adj=mid|-tall}} mai siffar tambarin Hublot, wadda ke ɗauke da fuskokin agogo huɗu masu diamita {{convert|2|m|ft|frac=2|spell=in|adj=mid}}, mafi girman irin agogon da kamfanin ya taɓa ƙera.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hublot clock unveiled |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2009/Aug/Hublot-clock-unveiled.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=28 August 2009 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003180702/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2009/Aug/Hublot-clock-unveiled.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> Gefen gabashin filin wasan kuma shi ne wurin Hotel Football, wani otal mai jigon ƙwallon ƙafa da gidan taruwar magoya baya, wanda tsohon kyaftin ɗin Manchester United Gary Neville ya tsara. Ginin yana gefen gabashin Sir Matt Busby Way, kuma a ɗayan gefen Bridgewater Canal daga filin wasan yake, kuma yana iya ɗaukar magoya baya har 1,500. An buɗe shi a lokacin bazarar shekarar 2015. An gudanar da wannan harkar daban da ƙungiyar, kuma an samu wani ɓangare na kuɗin ta daga kuɗin da aka samu daga wasan girmamawa na Neville.<ref>{{cite news |first=Gemma |last=Thompson |title=Neville launches fans' HQ |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2011/May/Nevilles-supporters-club-vision.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=17 May 2011 |access-date=11 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110712203325/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2011/May/Nevilles-supporters-club-vision.aspx |archive-date=12 July 2011 }}</ref> ==Makoma== A shekarar 2009, an ruwaito cewa Manchester United na ci gaba da riƙe da shirye-shiryen ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane na filin wasan, inda mataki na gaba yake nuni da sake gina Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda, sabanin sauran sassan filin, har yanzu yana da mataki guda. Sake yin irin faɗaɗawar da aka yi wa Sir Alex Ferguson Stand da kuma sassan Arewa maso Gabas da Arewa maso Yamma zai iya ƙara ƙarfin filin zuwa kimanin 95,000, wanda zai sa ya fi Wembley Stadium (90,000) girman ɗaukar 'yan kallo.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news |title=Manchester United set to make Old Trafford bigger than Wembley |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/manutd/5276996/Manchester-United-set-to-make-Old-Trafford-bigger-than-Wembley.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=5 May 2009 |access-date=5 May 2009 |location=London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509083613/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/manutd/5276996/Manchester-United-set-to-make-Old-Trafford-bigger-than-Wembley.html |archive-date=9 May 2009 }}</ref> Ana hasashen irin wannan aikin zai kashe kusan £100 miliyan, saboda kusancin layin dogo da ke gefen filin wasan, da kuma buƙatar gina a samansa, wanda hakan zai sa a sayi gidaje har 50 a ɗayan gefen layin dogon.<ref name="manutdzone"/> Duk da haka, manajan kadarorin rukunin Manchester United ya tabbatar da cewa akwai shirye-shiryen faɗaɗa filin, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ribar da aka samu daga kadarorin ƙungiyar a kewayen Manchester, yana cewa: "Akwai wani tsari na dabaru na filin wasan ... ba manufarmu ba ce mu tsaya cak."<ref>{{cite news |title=United scoring in property market |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/property/united-scoring-in-property-market-918142 |work=Manchester Evening News |publisher=MEN Media |date=12 January 2013 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=6 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206025630/https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/property/united-scoring-in-property-market-918142 |url-status=live }}</ref> A watan Maris 2016, shekaru goma bayan sake ginin da ya gabata, an sake fara magana kan sake gina Sir Bobby Charlton Stand. Domin cika ƙa'idojin samun damar shiga filin ga kowa, an kashe £11 miliyan wajen inganta kayan aiki, inda aka samar da sabbin wuraren keken guragu 118 da sabbin kujerun jin daɗi 158 a wurare daban-daban a filin, tare da sabon babban filin taruwa da aka gina musamman a bayan Stretford End.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Alice |last=Richardson |title=Manchester United spend £11m to double Old Trafford disabled seating |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/manchester-united-spend-11m-double-17573771 |date=15 January 2020 |access-date=29 July 2020 |work=Manchester Evening News |publisher=MEN Media |archive-date=28 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728152108/https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/manchester-united-spend-11m-double-17573771 |url-status=live }}</ref> An kiyasta cewa ƙara wuraren zama ga magoya bayan masu nakasa zai rage jimillar ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane da kusan 3,000. Domin rage tasirin wannan raguwar, an yi la'akari da tsare-tsaren faɗaɗawa daban-daban, kamar ƙara mataki na biyu ga Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda zai sa tsayinsa ya yi kama da Sir Alex Ferguson Stand da ke kishiyarsa amma ba tare da mataki na uku ba, tare da ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane zuwa kusan 80,000. Sake gina ɗakunan kallo na kusurwoyi a ɗayan gefen filin zai ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane zuwa 88,000 tare da ƙara yawan wuraren gudanarwa. Gidaje da ke Railway Road da kuma layin dogo kansa sun taɓa hana inganta Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, amma rushe gidajen da kuma ci gaban fasahar injiniya na nufin yanzu za a iya gina ƙarin matakin da ƙaramin kuɗi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mitten |first=Andy |title=Manchester United consider expanding Old Trafford capacity to hold 80,000 |url=http://www.espnfc.co.uk/club/manchester-united/360/blog/post/2838728/manchester-united-consider-expanding-old-trafford-capacity |work=ESPN FC |publisher=ESPN |date=28 March 2016 |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503123425/http://www.espnfc.co.uk/club/manchester-united/360/blog/post/2838728/manchester-united-consider-expanding-old-trafford-capacity |archive-date=3 May 2016 }}</ref> A shekarar 2018, an ruwaito cewa an dakatar da shirye-shiryen saboda matsalolin gudanar da aikin. Girman aikin da ake buƙata yana nufin cewa duk wani sake gini mai yiwuwa zai ɗauki lokutan wasanni da dama, saboda buƙatar sanya manyan injuna a wuraren filin da a halin yanzu ba a iya shiga ko kuma magoya baya suke amfani da su a ranakun wasa, da kuma kasancewar ɗakin kallon yana ɗauke da ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakunan manema labarai da ɗakunan talabijin. Daraktan gudanarwa na ƙungiyar Richard Arnold ya ce "ba tabbas ba ne cewa akwai hanyar yin hakan ba tare da barin mu ba tare da gida ba." Wannan yana nufin cewa Manchester United za ta bar Old Trafford na tsawon lokacin aikin – kuma yayin da Tottenham Hotspur ta iya amfani da Wembley Stadium a matsayin filin tsaka-tsaki na tsawon kaka biyu yayin da ake gina sabon filinta, {{original research span|filayen wasa masu girman da za a iya kwatantawa da Old Trafford da ke kusa da shi su ne na abokan hamayyar gida Manchester City, City of Manchester Stadium, ko kuma wataƙila Anfield, filin Liverpool, abokan hamayyar tarihi, kuma babu ɗayansu da ake ganin zai dace.|date=September 2025}}<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Man Utd: Sir Bobby Charlton Stand work at Old Trafford not imminent |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43740013 |work=BBC Sport |date=12 April 2018 |access-date=25 October 2019 |archive-date=25 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025225348/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43740013 |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2021, mataimakin shugaban Manchester United Joel Glazer ya bayyana a wani taron Fans Forum cewa "an fara aikin tsare-tsare na matakin farko" domin sake gina Old Trafford da filin atisayen ƙungiyar na Carrington. Wannan ya biyo bayan "ƙaruwar suka" kan rashin ci gaban filin tun shekarar 2006.<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Manchester United in discussions over major redevelopment of Old Trafford |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59020785 |website=BBC Sport |date=23 October 2021 |access-date=7 December 2021 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207172335/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59020785 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ƙungiyar tana la'akari da rushe filin wasan na yanzu tare da gina sabon filin gaba ɗaya a wannan wuri, amma an bayyana cewa wannan shi ne "zaɓin da ba a fi tsammani ba".<ref>{{cite news |first=Jamie |last=Jackson |title=Manchester United considering Old Trafford demolition as part of revamp |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/mar/14/manchester-united-considering-old-trafford-demolition-as-part-of-revamp |work=The Guardian |date=14 March 2022 |access-date=24 March 2022 |archive-date=15 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315070757/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/mar/14/manchester-united-considering-old-trafford-demolition-as-part-of-revamp |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2024, an ruwaito cewa Sir Jim Ratcliffe, wanda ke da kaso 25 cikin 100 na hannun jarin Manchester United, yana son a rushe Old Trafford a gina wani "Wembley na Arewa" a wannan wuri, wanda wataƙila shirin Levelling Up na gwamnatin Birtaniya zai tallafa wa kuɗinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=England: Rise of "Wembley of the North |url=https://stadiumdb.com/news/2024/02/england_rise_of_wembley_of_the_north |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=stadiumdb.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Maris 2025, Manchester United ta tabbatar da shirinta na maye gurbin Old Trafford da sabon filin wasa mai kujeru 100,000, wanda Foster and Partners za su tsara a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shirin sake bunƙasa yankin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/statement-man-utd-confirms-ambition-to-build-a-new-stadium-at-old-trafford|title=Man Utd confirms ambition to build a new stadium|website=www.manutd.com}}</ref> 0yeh201grve646wp360dnhpomdzbtrz 961796 961778 2026-10-02T07:23:54Z Sirjat 20447 /* Makoma */ 961796 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Filin wasa na Old Trafford''' / / ˈtræfərd / ) filin wasa ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|na ƙwallon ƙafa]] a yankin Old Trafford na Greater Manchester, Ingila. Shi ne gidan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] . Da yake ɗaukar 'yan kallo 74,158, shi ne mafi girman filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kulob a Burtaniya, kuma shine na goma sha ɗaya mafi girma a Turai . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester Sightseeing Bus Tours |url=http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716025339/http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |archive-date=16 July 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Yana da kusan rabin mil (mita 800) daga filin wasan kurket na Old Trafford da kuma tashar tram da ke kusa. An yi wa filin wasa na Old Trafford lakabi da "Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mafarkai" ta [[Bobby Charlton]], Old Trafford ya kasance gidan United tun 1910, kodayake daga 1941 zuwa 1949 kulob din ya raba Maine Road da abokan hamayyarsa na gida [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] saboda Blitz . An yi faɗaɗa filin wasa na Old Trafford sau da yawa a shekarun 1990 da 2000, ciki har da ƙara ƙarin matakai zuwa ga North, West da East Stands, kusan ya mayar da filin wasan zuwa matsayinsa na asali na ɗaukar 'yan kallo 80,000 a 2006, daga kusan 44,000 a 1993, bayan an mayar da shi filin wasa mai kujerun zama duka . Idan aka ƙara faɗaɗawa, akwai yiwuwar ƙara wani mataki na biyu a South Stand, wanda zai ƙara yawan 'yan wasa zuwa kusan 88,000, kodayake an yi wasu shawarwari don gina sabon filin wasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An yi rikodin yawan masu halartar filin wasan a shekarar 1939, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,962 suka kalli wasan kusa da na karshe [[FA Cup|na Kofin FA]] tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town . Old Trafford ta karbi bakuncin wasan karshe na cin kofin FA, zagaye na biyu na karshe kuma ana amfani da shi akai-akai a matsayin wurin tsaka-tsaki don wasannin kusa da na karshe na gasar. Ta kuma dauki nauyin wasannin Ingila, da wasannin da aka buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966, da gasar UEFA Euro ta 1996, da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar UEFA ta mata ta Euro ta 2022 . Filin wasan ya kuma dauki bakuncin wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2003 . A wajen ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da filin wasan a wasu lokutan don gasar rugby . Wannan shine wurin da za a yi gasar Super League Grand Final ta shekara-shekara ta Rugby Football League, kuma a da gasar Premiership Final ce, tun daga shekarar 1987. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance wurin da aka shirya gasar cin kofin duniya ta Rugby League sau huɗu - 1995, 2000, 2013, da 2021 (na maza da mata) . ==Tarihi== ===Gini da shekarun farko=== Kafin shekarar 1902, ana kiran Manchester United da Newton Heath, a lokacin da suka fara buga wasanninsu na ƙwallon ƙafa a North Road, sannan daga baya a Bank Street da ke Clayton. Sai dai, filayen biyu suna fama da matsanancin yanayi, inda filayen suka kasance daga tsakuwa zuwa fadama, yayin da Bank Street ke fama da hayaƙin da ke fitowa daga masana'antun da ke makwabtaka da shi.<ref>Murphy, p. 14</ref> Saboda haka, bayan ceto ƙungiyar daga kusan durƙushewar kuɗi da kuma sauya mata suna, sabon shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ya yanke shawara a shekarar 1909 cewa filin Bank Street bai dace da ƙungiyar da ta lashe First Division da FA Cup kwanan nan ba, don haka ya bayar da kuɗi don gina sabon filin wasa.<ref>Murphy, p. 27</ref> Da yake ba ya son kashe kuɗi ba tare da tsari ba, Davies ya binciki wurare daban-daban a Manchester don nemo wurin da ya dace, kafin ya zaɓi wani fili kusa da Bridgewater Canal, kusa da arewacin ƙarshen Warwick Road a Old Trafford.<ref name="mccartney_9">McCartney (1996), p. 9</ref> Wani ɗan gine-gine ɗan Scotland mai suna Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin, wanda ya tsara wasu filayen wasa da dama. Da farko an tsara filin da damar ɗaukar 'yan kallo 100,000, tare da kujeru a babban ɓangaren kudu da ke ƙarƙashin rufi, yayin da sauran ɓangarori uku suka kasance wuraren tsayawa ba tare da rufi ba.<ref>Inglis, pp. 234–235</ref> Ciki har da kuɗin sayen filin, an tsara cewa gina filin wasan zai ci jimillar £60,000. Sai dai yayin da farashin ya fara ƙaruwa, cika damar da aka tsara zai ƙara kashe £30,000 fiye da kiyasin farko. Saboda shawarar sakataren ƙungiyar John Bentley, an rage damar ɗaukar filin zuwa kusan 80,000.<ref>White, p. 50</ref><ref>McCartney (1996), p. 13</ref> Duk da haka, a lokacin da kuɗin sayen 'yan wasa suke kusan £1,000, kuɗin gina filin ya ƙara ƙarfafa laƙabin ƙungiyar na "Moneybags United", wanda aka yi mata tun lokacin da Davies ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar.<ref>Inglis, p. 234</ref> A watan Mayu 1908, Archibald Leitch ya rubuta wa Cheshire Lines Committee (CLC) — wanda ke da tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da wurin da aka tsara gina filin ƙwallon ƙafar — domin ƙoƙarin shawo kansu su ba da tallafin gina babban ɗakin kallo da ke gefen layin dogo. Tallafin zai kasance £10,000, wanda za a biya a £2,000 a kowace shekara tsawon shekaru biyar, ko kuma rabin kuɗin shiga daga babban ɗakin kallo a kowace shekara har sai an biya bashin. Sai dai, duk da garantin bashin da ƙungiyar kanta da kuma wasu masana'antun giya biyu na yankin suka bayar, waɗanda shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ke jagoranta, Cheshire Lines Committee ta ƙi amincewa da shawarar.<ref>McCartney (1996), p. 10</ref> CLC ta shirya gina sabuwar tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da sabon filin wasan, inda aka yi hasashen samun £2,750 a kowace shekara daga kuɗin sufuri, wanda zai taimaka wajen rage kuɗin gina tashar da ya kai £9,800. An daga baya gina tashar — Trafford Park — amma a wani wuri da ya fi nisa a layin fiye da yadda aka tsara da farko.<ref name="mccartney_9"/> Daga baya CLC ta gina ƙaramar tashar mai dandamali guda ɗaya da aka yi da itace, kusa da filin wasan kai tsaye, kuma aka buɗe ta a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1935. Da farko ana kiranta United Football Ground,<ref>Butt (1995), p. 247</ref> amma aka sauya sunanta zuwa Old Trafford Football Ground a farkon shekarar 1936. A ranakun wasa kawai, jiragen ƙasa masu amfani da tururi daga Manchester Central railway station ne ke kai mata mutane.<ref>Butt, p. 178</ref> A yanzu ana kiranta Manchester United Football Ground.<ref>{{cite web |title=Manchester Utd Football Gd (MUF) |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |publisher=National Rail |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727132532/http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |archive-date=27 July 2011 }}</ref> Kamfanin Messrs Brameld and Smith na Manchester ne ya gudanar da aikin ginin<ref name="encyclopaedia">Barnes et al., pp. 44–47, 52</ref> kuma an kammala aikin a ƙarshen shekarar 1909. Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1910, lokacin da United ta karɓi bakuncin Liverpool. Sai dai ƙungiyar gida ta kasa bai wa magoya bayanta nasara a wannan rana, domin Liverpool ta yi nasara da ci 4–3. Sandy Turnbull ne ya ci ƙwallo ta farko da aka taɓa ci a Old Trafford. Wani ɗan jarida da ya halarci wasan ya bayyana filin wasan a matsayin "mafi kyau, mafi faɗi kuma mafi ban mamaki da na taɓa gani. A matsayin filin ƙwallon ƙafa, babu irinsa a duniya, abin alfahari ne ga Manchester da kuma gidan ƙungiyar da za ta iya yin abubuwan al'ajabi idan ta ga dama".<ref>White (2008), p. 50</ref> [[File:Old trafford stadium 1920s.jpg|thumb|Old Trafford a shekarun 1920]] Kafin a gina Wembley Stadium a shekarar 1923, ana gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup a filaye daban-daban a Ingila, ciki har da Old Trafford.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |title=FA Cup Final Venues |access-date=11 September 2016 |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |archive-date=8 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508211237/http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |url-status=live }}</ref> Na farko daga cikin waɗannan shi ne wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na 1911 tsakanin Bradford City da Newcastle United, bayan wasan farko a Crystal Palace ya ƙare babu ci bayan karin lokaci. Bradford ta yi nasara da ci 1–0, Jimmy Speirs ne ya ci ƙwallon, a gaban mutane 58,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |title=1911 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064001/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na biyu da aka gudanar a filin shi ne wasan ƙarshe na 1915 tsakanin Sheffield United da Chelsea. Sheffield United ta yi nasara da ci 3–0 a gaban kusan 'yan kallo 50,000, yawancinsu sojoji ne, wanda ya sa aka yi wa wasan laƙabin "Khaki Cup Final".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |title=1915 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060934/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |archive-date=11 March 2007 }}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1920, Old Trafford ya karɓi adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a wasan lig na United, inda 'yan kallo 70,504 suka kalli Red Devils suna rashin nasara da ci 3–1 a hannun Aston Villa.<ref>Murphy, p. 31</ref> Filin ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko na ƙasashen duniya daga baya a wannan shekaru goma, lokacin da Ingila ta sha kashi da ci 1–0 a hannun Scotland a gaban 'yan kallo 49,429 a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1926.<ref name="mccartney_17">McCartney (1996), p. 17</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The OT Story: 1910–1930 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=18 January 2010 |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013184919/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |archive-date=13 October 2012 }}</ref> Abin mamaki, adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa a Old Trafford ba a wasan gida na Manchester United aka samu ba. A maimakon haka, a ranar 25 ga Maris 1939, mutane 76,962 ne suka kalli wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na FA Cup tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town.<ref name="sky_sports">Rollin and Rollin, p. 254–255</ref> ===Harin bam a lokacin yaƙi=== {{multiple image | align = right | direction = horizontal | image1 = Garderobeinngang (old trafford) 1992.JPG | width1 = 147 | alt1 = | image2 = Manchester United (8051528418).jpg | width2 = 160 | alt2 = | footer = Ramin tsakiyar Old Trafford (hagu) shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na 1910 da ya tsira bayan harin bam na filin wasan a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Yanzu ana amfani da ramin kusurwa (dama) wajen da 'yan wasa ke wucewa a ranar wasa. }} A shekarar 1936, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gyaran filin da ya ci £35,000, an ƙara rufi mai tsawon yadi 80 a karon farko a kan United Road stand (wanda yanzu ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson Stand),<ref name="inglis_235">Inglis, p. 235</ref> yayin da aka ƙara rufi a kusurwoyin kudu a shekarar 1938.<ref name="rivalry">Brandon, pp. 179–180</ref> Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, sojoji sun ƙwace Old Trafford domin amfani da shi a matsayin ma'ajiyar kayayyaki.<ref name="mccartney_20">McCartney (1996), p. 20</ref> An ci gaba da buga ƙwallo a filin, amma wani harin bam na Jamus a Trafford Park a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1940 ya lalata filin wasan sosai, har aka tilasta sauya wasan ranar Kirsimeti da Stockport County zuwa filin Stockport.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> An dawo da buga ƙwallo a Old Trafford a ranar 8 ga Maris 1941, amma wani harin Jamus a ranar 11 ga Maris 1941 ya lalata yawancin filin wasan, musamman babban ɗakin kallo (wanda yanzu ake kira South Stand), lamarin da ya tilasta ƙungiyar ta koma gudanar da ayyukanta daga Cornbrook Cold Storage, mallakar shugaban United James W. Gibson.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> Bayan matsin lamba daga Gibson, War Damage Commission ta ba Manchester United £4,800 domin kwashe tarkace da kuma £17,478 domin sake gina ɗakunan kallo.<ref name="inglis_235"/> A lokacin sake gina filin wasan, Manchester United ta buga wasanninta na "gida" a Maine Road, gidan abokiyar hamayyarta ta cikin birni, Manchester City, kan kuɗin £5,000 a shekara tare da kaso daga kuɗin shiga daga ƙofar filin.<ref>Murphy, p. 45</ref> A wannan lokacin ƙungiyar tana da bashin £15,000, wanda hayar Maine Road ta ƙara tsananta, kuma ɗan majalisar Labour mai wakiltar Stoke, Ellis Smith, ya roƙi gwamnati ta ƙara kuɗin diyya ga ƙungiyar, amma hakan bai yi nasara ba.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Ko da yake an sake buɗe Old Trafford a shekarar 1949, duk da cewa ba shi da rufi, hakan na nufin an shafe kusan shekaru 10 ba a buga wasan lig a filin ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Philip |title=How Matt Busby arrived at Manchester United |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=1 February 2008 |access-date=21 August 2008 |location=London |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015045004/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |archive-date=15 October 2008 }}</ref> Wasan farko na United bayan komawa Old Trafford an buga shi a ranar 24 ga Agusta 1949, inda 'yan kallo 41,748 suka shaida nasarar da ci 3–0 a kan Bolton Wanderers.<ref>White (2008), p. 224</ref> ===Kammala babban shirin gyara=== An mayar da rufi a kan Main Stand a shekarar 1951, kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka rufe sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, aikin ya ƙare da ƙara rufi a Stretford End (wanda yanzu ake kira West Stand) a shekarar 1959.<ref name="rivalry"/> Ƙungiyar ta kuma kashe £40,000 wajen girka fitilun haske na musamman, domin ta sami damar amfani da filin wasan wajen wasannin Turai da ake buga da yamma a ranakun aiki, maimakon yin amfani da Maine Road. Domin guje wa inuwar da za ta rufe filin wasa, an cire wasu sassan biyu na rufin Main Stand.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Wasan farko da aka buga ƙarƙashin fitilun haske a Old Trafford shi ne wasan First Division tsakanin Manchester United da Bolton Wanderers a ranar 25 ga Maris 1957.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Sai dai, duk da cewa yanzu 'yan kallo za su iya ganin 'yan wasa da dare, har yanzu suna fama da matsalar rashin cikakken gani saboda ginshiƙan da ke ɗauke da rufin. Yayin da gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966 ke gabatowa, inda filin wasan zai karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wannan ya sa daraktocin United suka sake tsara United Road (arewa) stand gaba ɗaya. An maye gurbin tsoffin ginshiƙan rufin a shekarar 1965 da tsarin zamani na cantilever a saman rufin, wanda ya bai wa kowane mai kallo damar kallon wasa ba tare da wani abu ya hana gani ba,<ref name="rivalry"/> sannan aka faɗaɗa shi domin ɗaukar 'yan kallo 20,000 (10,000 masu zama da 10,000 masu tsayawa a gaba) kan kuɗin £350,000.<ref name="inglis_236">Inglis, p. 236</ref> Masu gine-ginen sabon ɗakin kallo, Mather and Nutter (wanda yanzu ake kira Atherden Fuller),<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> sun sake tsara tsarin ɗakin kallo ta yadda za a samu wurin tsayawa a gaba, babban wurin zama a baya, da kuma ɗakunan sirri na farko a filin ƙwallon ƙafa na Birtaniya. An sake gina east stand — wanda shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren da ya rage ba shi da rufi — cikin irin wannan tsari a shekarar 1973.<ref name=":0">Inglis, p. 237</ref> Bayan an mayar da ɗakunan kallo biyu na farko zuwa tsarin cantilever, masu filin wasan suka tsara wani shiri na dogon lokaci na yin hakan ga sauran ɗakunan kallo biyu da kuma mayar da filin wasan zuwa wani filin mai kama da kwano.<ref name="manutdzone">{{cite web |url=http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |title=Old Trafford 1909–2006 |access-date=11 December 2011 |publisher=manutdzone.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080217222825/http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |archive-date=17 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Irin wannan aikin zai taimaka wajen ƙara yanayi da hayaniya a cikin filin ta hanyar tattara sautin magoya baya da kuma mayar da shi zuwa filin wasa, inda 'yan wasan za su ji cikakken tasirin filin da ke cike da jama'a.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=OT atmosphere excites Ole |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=15 August 2006 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002143817/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A halin yanzu, filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na uku, inda 'yan kallo 62,078 suka kalli wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na 1970 tsakanin Chelsea da Leeds United; Chelsea ta yi nasara da ci 2–1. Filin ya kuma karɓi bakuncin wasan dawowa na 1968 Intercontinental Cup, inda Estudiantes de La Plata ta lashe kofin bayan an tashi 1–1.<ref>{{cite web |first=Martin |last=Macchiavello |title=Nostalgia Alá vista |url=http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |publisher=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |date=18 December 2009 |access-date=18 July 2010 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302232407/http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |archive-date=2 March 2012 }}</ref> A shekarun 1970, an samu gagarumin ƙaruwa na tarzomar magoya bayan ƙwallon ƙafa a Birtaniya,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |title=University of Liverpool FIG Factsheet – Hooliganism |access-date=4 September 2008 |last=Pearson |first=Geoff |date=December 2007 |work=Football Industry Group |publisher=University of Liverpool |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913004141/http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |archive-date=13 September 2008 }}</ref> kuma wani lamari na jefa wuƙa a shekarar 1971 ya tilasta ƙungiyar gina shingen kewaye da filin na farko a ƙasar, wanda ya hana magoya baya shiga filin wasa.<ref name="inglis_236"/> ===Sauya zuwa filin mai kujeru kawai=== [[File:Stretford end 1992.JPG|thumb|Stretford End kafin sake gina shi a farkon shekarun 1990]] Tare da kowace irin gyara da aka yi wa filin tun bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, damar ɗaukar mutane tana raguwa a hankali. Zuwa shekarun 1980, damar ta ragu daga 80,000 na asali zuwa kusan 60,000. Damar ta ƙara raguwa a shekarar 1990, lokacin da Taylor Report ya ba da shawara, kuma gwamnati ta buƙaci, a mayar da dukkan filayen First da Second Division zuwa filayen da ke da kujeru ga kowa. Wannan ya sa tsare-tsaren kashe £3–5&nbsp;miliyan domin maye gurbin Stretford End da sabon ɗakin kallo mai wurin tsayawa a gaba da rufin cantilever da zai haɗa shi da sauran filin suka zama dole a sauya su sosai.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Wannan sake gini da aka tilasta, wanda ya haɗa da cire wuraren tsayawa a gaban sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, ba kawai ya ƙara kuɗin aikin zuwa kusan £10&nbsp;miliyan ba, har ma ya rage damar Old Trafford zuwa mafi ƙarancin da aka taɓa samu, wato kusan 44,000.<ref name="inglis_238">Inglis, p. 238</ref> A shekarar 1992 kuma aka sanar da ƙungiyar cewa za ta samu £1.4&nbsp;miliyan ne kawai daga cikin £2&nbsp;miliyan da Football Trust zai iya bayarwa domin aikin da ya shafi Taylor Report.<ref>Inglis, pp. 238–239</ref> [[File:Old Trafford 1992 (outside).JPG|thumb|left|Wajen Old Trafford, 1992]] Sake samun nasarar ƙungiyar da kuma ƙaruwa da shahararta a farkon shekarun 1990 ya tabbatar da cewa dole ne a ƙara yin wasu gyare-gyare. A shekarar 1995, an rushe North Stand mai shekaru 30, kuma aka fara aikin gina sabon ɗakin kallo cikin sauri,<ref>James, pp. 405–6</ref> domin a kammala shi kafin Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da kuma wasan ƙarshe a Euro 96. Ƙungiyar ta sayi Trafford Park trading estate, wani fili mai girman {{convert|20|acre|ha|0|abbr=off|adj=on}}, wanda yake ɗaya gefen United Road, kan kuɗin £9.2&nbsp;miliyan a watan Maris 1995. An fara ginin a watan Yunin 1995 kuma aka kammala shi a watan Mayun 1996, inda aka buɗe matakai biyu na farko cikin uku na ɗakin kallo a lokacin kakar. Atherden Fuller ne ya tsara shi, tare da Hilstone Laurie a matsayin masu kula da aikin da gini, da Campbell Reith Hill a matsayin injiniyoyin tsarin ginin. Sabon ɗakin kallo mai hawa uku ya ci jimillar £18.65&nbsp;miliyan kuma yana da damar ɗaukar kusan mutane 25,500, wanda ya ɗaga damar ɗaukacin filin zuwa sama da 55,000. Rufin cantilever ɗin ya kasance mafi girma a Turai, yana da tsawon {{convert|58.5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} daga bangon baya zuwa gefen gaba.<ref name="inglis_239">Inglis, p. 239</ref> Ƙarin nasarori a cikin shekaru masu zuwa sun tabbatar da ƙarin gine-gine. Da farko, an ƙara bene na biyu a East Stand. Da aka buɗe shi a watan Janairun 2000, damar filin wasan ta ƙaru na ɗan lokaci zuwa kusan 61,000 har sai da aka buɗe bene na biyu na West Stand, wanda ya ƙara wasu kujeru 7,000, ya kawo jimillar damar zuwa 68,217. A wannan lokacin ba kawai shi ne filin ƙungiya mafi girma a Ingila ba, har ma shi ne mafi girma a duk faɗin Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |title=Old Trafford |access-date=21 August 2008 |publisher=waterscape.com |archive-date=3 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403023715/http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |url-status=live }}</ref> Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na Turai mafi girma na farko shekaru uku bayan haka, inda aka gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na UEFA Champions League na 2003 tsakanin Milan da Juventus.<ref>{{cite book |title=UEFA Champions League Statistics Handbook 2012/13 |year=2012 |publisher=Union of European Football Associations |location=Nyon |page=154 }}</ref> [[File:Old trafford february 2010.jpg|thumb|An buɗe East Stand da aka sake ginawa a farkon kakar 2000–01.]] Daga shekarar 2001 zuwa 2007, bayan rushe tsohon Wembley Stadium, an tilasta wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila buga wasanninta a wasu wurare. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar ta zagaya ƙasar, inda ta buga wasanninta a filaye daban-daban daga Villa Park da ke Birmingham zuwa St James' Park da ke Newcastle. A wannan lokaci, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin gida 14 daga cikin 34 na Ingila, fiye da kowane filin wasa, na ƙarshe daga cikinsu shi ne rashin nasarar da Ingila ta yi da ci 1–0 a hannun Spain a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title=Men's Senior Team Results |url=http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |access-date=31 January 2010 |archive-date=31 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131224425/http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> An buga wasan a gaban 'yan kallo 58,207.<ref>{{cite news |first=John |last=Sinnott |title=England 0–1 Spain |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=7 February 2007 |access-date=9 September 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070824100909/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |archive-date=24 August 2007 }}</ref> ===Faɗaɗa filin a 2006=== [[File:Old Trafford model.jpg|thumb|Samfurin Old Trafford mai ma'auni na Peter Oldfield-Edwards da aka nuna a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Maris 2010]] Faɗaɗa Old Trafford na baya-bayan nan, wanda aka gudanar tsakanin Yulin 2005 da Mayun 2006, ya ƙara kusan kujeru 8,000 ta hanyar ƙara bene na biyu a sassan arewa maso yamma da arewa maso gabas na filin.<ref name="manutdzone"/> An fara amfani da wani ɓangare na sabbin kujerun a ranar 26 ga Maris 2006, lokacin da yawan 'yan kallo 69,070 ya zama sabon tarihin Premier League.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 3–0 Birmingham |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 March 2006 |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120125023/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 }}</ref> An ci gaba da ƙara wannan tarihi har sai da ya kai matsayinsa na yanzu a ranar 31 ga Maris 2007, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,098 suka kalli United ta doke Blackburn Rovers da ci 4–1, wanda ke nufin kujeru 114 kacal (0.15% na jimillar damar ɗaukar mutane 76,212) suka kasance babu kowa.<ref name="united4_blackburn1">{{cite news |first=Nick |last=Coppack |title=Report: United 4 Blackburn 1 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=31 March 2007 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216043425/http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> A shekarar 2009, sake tsara kujerun filin wasan ya rage damar ɗaukar mutane da 255 zuwa 75,957, wanda ke nufin tarihin yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar zai ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa wani sabon faɗaɗawa.<ref name="inside_united">{{cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Steve |editor1-first=Ian |editor1-last=McLeish |date=March 2010 |title=Design for life |journal=Inside United |issue=212 |pages=44–48 |publisher=Haymarket Network |issn=1749-6497 }}</ref><ref name="record_gate">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #9: Record gate |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 November 2009 |access-date=19 November 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216030119/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> [[File:Brazil Belarus kickoff.JPG|thumb|left|Old Trafford yayin wani wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012]] Old Trafford ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 2010. Domin tunawa da wannan lokaci, shafin yanar gizon Manchester United na hukuma ya wallafa wani shiri wanda a cikinsa aka nuna wani muhimmin abin tunawa daga tarihin filin wasan a kowace rana daga cikin kwanaki 100 da suka gabaci ranar cika shekaru.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=My Old Trafford |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=25 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232234/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> Daga cikin waɗannan abubuwa 100, wani kwamiti da ya haɗa da masanin kididdigar ƙungiyar Cliff Butler, ɗan jarida David Meek, da tsoffin 'yan wasa Paddy Crerand da Wilf McGuinness ya zaɓi guda 10 mafi muhimmanci.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100: The Top 10 revealed |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232444/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A Old Trafford kansa, an gudanar da gasar zane-zane ga ɗalibai daga makarantu uku na yankin domin su ƙirƙiri yadda suke ganin filin wasan a baya, yanzu da kuma nan gaba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT art competition |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003063025/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> An ajiye zane-zanen da suka yi nasara a matsayin nunin dindindin a hanyar shiga babban ɓangaren iyalai na Old Trafford, kuma mai zane Harold Riley ya ba waɗanda suka yi nasara kyaututtuka a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=New OT exhibit unveiled |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211035534/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |archive-date=11 December 2010 }}</ref> Tsohon mai tsaron gida Jack Crompton da babban jami'in gudanarwa David Gill ne suka buɗe wani baje koli game da filin wasan a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit"/> Baje kolin ya nuna tarihin filin wasan tare da abubuwan tunawa daga baya, ciki har da shirin wasan farko da kuma samfurin filin mai ma'auni 1:220 wanda mai ƙera samfura Peter Oldfield-Edwards ya gina da hannu.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT history on display |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223140805/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |archive-date=23 December 2011 }}</ref> A ƙarshe, a wasan gida na Manchester United da Fulham a ranar 14 ga Maris, magoya bayan da suka halarci wasan sun samu kwafin shirin wasan farko na Old Trafford, sannan a lokacin hutun rabin lokaci dangin 'yan wasan da suka buga wasan farko — da kuma dangin shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies da mai tsara filin wasan Archibald Leitch — suka shiga aikin binne wani akwati na abubuwan tunawa da Manchester United kusa da ramin tsakiyar filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=Stadium set for centenary match |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=12 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208083213/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |archive-date=8 February 2012 }}</ref> Ba a iya gano dangin winger Billy Meredith, wing-half Dick Duckworth da sakataren ƙungiyar Ernest Mangnall ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=Dream day for 1910 relatives |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216081325/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |archive-date=16 February 2011 }}</ref> An yi amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da wasanni da dama na gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=Old Trafford |url=http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |work=London2012.com |publisher=London 2012 |access-date=2 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123125022/http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |archive-date=23 January 2013 }}</ref> Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni biyar, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da wasan ƙarshe a gasar maza, da kuma wasan rukuni guda ɗaya da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe a gasar mata, wanda ya kasance sanannen wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin Canada da United States,<ref>{{cite web |title=Football – event schedule |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/17092335 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 March 2012 |access-date=28 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422130437/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/17092335 |archive-date=22 April 2014 }}</ref> kuma su ne wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na mata na ƙasashen duniya na farko da aka taɓa gudanar a filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sam |last=Borden |title=Rare at Old Trafford: A Women's Match |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=30 July 2012 |access-date=31 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731231824/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |archive-date=31 July 2012 }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2006, ana kuma amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da Soccer Aid, wasan sadaka da ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru biyu, wanda mawaki Robbie Williams da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Jonathan Wilkes suka fara shirya; sai dai a shekarar 2008 an gudanar da wasan a Wembley Stadium.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sean |last=Gibson |title=Soccer Aid 2016, England vs Rest of the World: What time is kick-off, what are the teams and which TV channel is it on? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |website=The Telegraph |date=3 June 2016 |access-date=3 June 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605042626/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |archive-date=5 June 2016 }}</ref> [[File:Old Trafford, April 2020 (04).jpg|thumb|Girmamawar Old Trafford ga Hukumar Kiwon Lafiya ta Ƙasa a lokacin annobar COVID-19]] A ranar 27 ga Maris 2021, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan farko na ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United, inda West Ham United ta kasance abokiyar hamayya a gasar Women's Super League.<ref>{{Cite press release|date=16 March 2021|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/Manchester-United-Women-to-play-at-Old-Trafford-for-the-very-first-time|title=MU Women to play first-ever match at Old Trafford|website=Manchester United|access-date=25 March 2021|archive-date=19 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319011528/https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/manchester-united-women-to-play-at-old-trafford-for-the-very-first-time|url-status=live}}</ref> Daidai shekara guda bayan haka, ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United ta kara da Everton a Old Trafford a gaban 'yan kallo a karon farko (wasan 2021 an buga shi ba tare da 'yan kallo ba saboda annobar COVID-19). 'Yan kallo 20,241 ne suka halarci wasan, wanda ya zama mafi yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar mata, kuma suka ga Manchester United ta yi nasara da ci 3–1.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |title=Manchester United Women 3–1 Eveton Women |work=BBC Sport |date=27 March 2022 |access-date=19 April 2022 |archive-date=19 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419060202/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |url-status=live }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Yuli 2022, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan buɗe gasar UEFA Women's Euro 2022 tsakanin Ingila da Austria, a gaban adadin 'yan kallo 68,871, wanda shi ne mafi yawan 'yan kallo da aka taɓa samu a gasar cin kofin Turai ta mata, kuma na biyu mafi yawa a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata a Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |title=Women's Euro 2022 kicks off with record attendance as England secure a nervous win |website=olympics.com |last=Hill |first=Courtney |date=7 July 2022 |access-date=19 July 2022 |archive-date=8 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708182153/https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2022, an saka Old Trafford cikin jerin filayen wasan da aka zaɓa a matsayin wani ɓangare na takarar United Kingdom da Ireland na karɓar bakuncin UEFA Euro 2028, amma ba a saka shi cikin jerin filayen wasa 10 na ƙarshe da aka sanar a watan Afrilu 2023 ba.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65245224/|title=Euro 2028: Casement Park and Everton's Bramley-Moore Dock among 10 stadiums for UK & Ireland bid|work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4404128/2023/04/12/euro-2028-stadiums-uk-ireland//|title=UK and Ireland announce final list of stadiums for Euro 2028 bid|work=The New York Times |last1=Bosher |first1=Luke |date=13 April 2023 }}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2023, ƙungiyar maza ta Ingila ta koma Old Trafford a karon farko tun shekarar 2007 domin buga wasan neman gurbin Euro 2024 da North Macedonia; Ingila ta yi nasara da ci 7–0 a gaban mutane 70,708.<ref>{{cite web |title=England-North Macedonia {{!}} European Qualifiers 2024 |url=https://www.uefa.com/european-qualifiers/match/2036363--england-vs-north-macedonia/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> ==Tsari da kayan aiki== [[File:OldTraffordPlan-en.svg|thumb|Tsarin yadda Old Trafford yake. Wurin da aka yi wa inuwa yana nuna ɓangaren da aka ware wa magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi.]] Filin wasan Old Trafford yana kewaye da ɗakunan kallo guda huɗu masu rufi kuma masu kujeru kawai, waɗanda a hukumance ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson (Arewa), East, Sir Bobby Charlton (Kudu) da West Stands. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan ɗakunan kallo yana da aƙalla matakai biyu,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ticket-compare.com/stadiums/old-trafford/seating-plan/ |title=Old Trafford Seating Plan |publisher=Ticket Compare }}</ref> ban da Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda yake da mataki guda kawai saboda ƙuntatawar gini. Ƙananan matakin kowane ɗakin kallo an raba shi zuwa ɓangaren Ƙasa da na Sama, inda aka sauya ɓangarorin Ƙasa daga wuraren tsayawa a farkon shekarun 1990. ===Sir Alex Ferguson Stand=== [[File:Sir Alex Ferguson stand, Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|left|Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand) kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand)]] Sir Alex Ferguson Stand, wanda a da ake kira United Road stand da North Stand, yana shimfiɗe a saman United Road. Wannan ɗakin kallo yana da matakai uku, kuma yana iya ɗaukar kusan 'yan kallo 26,000, wanda ya fi kowanne daga cikin ɗakunan kallo huɗu. Haka kuma yana da wurare kaɗan ga magoya baya a ɗakunan gudanarwa da dakunan karɓar baƙi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Executive Club |url=http://www.executiveclub.manutd.com/ |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=1 August 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814175027/http://www.executiveclub.manutd.com/ |archive-date=14 August 2011 }}</ref> An buɗe shi a yanayinsa na yanzu a shekarar 1996, bayan da a da yake ɗakin kallo mai mataki guda. A matsayinsa na mafi girman ɗakin kallo na filin, yana ɗauke da wasu fitattun wuraren more rayuwa na filin, ciki har da Red Café (gidan cin abinci/bar mai jigo na Manchester United) da gidan tarihin Manchester United da ɗakin kofunan ƙungiyar. Da farko an buɗe gidan tarihin a shekarar 1986 a matsayin na farko irinsa a duniya,<ref>Inglis, p. 240</ref> kuma yana kusurwar kudu maso gabashin filin har zuwa lokacin da aka mayar da shi zuwa North Stand da aka sake ginawa a shekarar 1998. Pelé ne ya buɗe gidan tarihin a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1998, tun daga lokacin adadin masu ziyara ya tashi daga 192,000 a shekarar 1998 zuwa sama da masu ziyara 300,000 a shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={9C9F8161-326A-40F0-8EB0-085348EEDCFC} |title=Virtual Tour – The Museum |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110125171433/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7B9C9F8161-326A-40F0-8EB0-085348EEDCFC%7D |archive-date=25 January 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #66: Pele's visit |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2010/Jan/OT100-66-Peles-visit.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003174455/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2010/Jan/OT100-66-Peles-visit.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> Ya zuwa kakar 2022–23, yawan masu ziyara ya ragu zuwa kusan 190,000.<ref name=":0" /> [[File:A statue of Sir Alex Ferguson at Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Mutum-mutumin tagulla na wani mutum sanye da riga, hannayensa a haɗe.|An kafa mutum-mutumin Sir Alex Ferguson a Old Trafford a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2012.]] An sake wa North Stand suna Sir Alex Ferguson Stand a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2011, domin girmama shekaru 25 da Alex Ferguson ya yi a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd rename Old Trafford stand in Ferguson's honour |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/15607907 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=5 November 2011 |access-date=5 November 2011 |archive-date=7 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130707151516/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/15607907 |url-status=live }}</ref> An kafa mutum-mutumin Ferguson mai tsawon {{convert|9|ft|m|1|abbr=off|spell=in|adj=on}}, wanda Philip Jackson ya sassaka, a wajen ɗakin kallon a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2012, domin girmama matsayinsa na manajan da ya fi kowa tsawon lokaci a tarihin Manchester United.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sir Alex Ferguson pride as Manchester United unveil statue |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/20468104 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 November 2012 |access-date=23 November 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121124214842/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20468104 |archive-date=24 November 2012 }}</ref> ===Sir Bobby Charlton Stand=== [[File:Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand).jpg|thumb|left|Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand) kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand)]] A kishiyar Sir Alex Ferguson Stand akwai Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda a da yake babban ɗakin kallon Old Trafford kuma a baya ake kiransa South Stand. Duk da cewa yana da mataki guda kawai, Sir Bobby Charlton Stand yana ɗauke da mafi yawan ɗakunan gudanarwa na filin,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events/The-Suites.aspx |title=The Suites |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110203051517/http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events/The-Suites.aspx |archive-date=3 February 2011 }}</ref> sannan kuma yana karɓar duk wani babban baƙo da zai zo kallon wasa. Ana zaunar da ma'aikatan kafofin watsa labarai a tsakiyar Upper South Stand domin su samu kyakkyawan kallon wasa. Haka kuma, wurin kyamarorin talabijin yana cikin Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, saboda haka wannan ɗakin kallo ne aka fi nuna shi a talabijin. <ref name="rivalry"/> Dakunan shirye-shiryen talabijin suna a ƙarshen biyu na Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, inda tashar talabijin ta cikin gida ta ƙungiyar, MUTV, take a ɗakin gabas, yayin da sauran tashoshin talabijin, kamar BBC da Sky, suke a ɗakin yamma. Wurin zama na manajoji yana tsakiyar Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, an ɗaga shi sama da matakin filin domin ba manaja da masu horar da shi damar samun kyakkyawan hangen wasan daga sama. Wurin zaman kowace ƙungiya yana gefen tsohuwar ramin ’yan wasa, wadda aka yi amfani da ita har zuwa shekarar 1993. Wannan tsohuwar rami ita ce kaɗai ragowar ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na shekarar 1910, bayan da ta tsira daga harin bam da ya lalata yawancin filin yayin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={0341FBBA-96FA-42BB-896B-0D15ABAFA643} |title=Virtual Tour – Dugout |access-date=7 February 2008 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210194159/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7B0341FBBA-96FA-42BB-896B-0D15ABAFA643%7D |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2008, an sauya sunan wannan rami zuwa Munich Tunnel, a matsayin abin tunawa da cikar shekaru 50 da bala'in jirgin sama na Munich na shekarar 1958.<ref>{{cite news |title=Football honours Munich victims |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/7228670.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=6 February 2008 |access-date=7 February 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208215806/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7228670.stm |archive-date=8 February 2008 }}</ref> Ramin yanzu yana kusurwar kudu maso yammacin filin, kuma yana kuma zama hanyar shiga ga ma'aikatan agajin gaggawa. Idan manyan motoci suna buƙatar shiga, ana iya ɗaga kujerun da ke saman ramin da kusan {{convert|25|ft|m|1}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={B0531F7F-9461-406D-81A9-ACA2AF687CC9} |title=Virtual Tour – Player's Tunnel |access-date=7 February 2008 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210194219/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7BB0531F7F-9461-406D-81A9-ACA2AF687CC9%7D |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}</ref> Ramin yana kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan canza kaya na ’yan wasa ta yankin tattaunawar talabijin, sannan zuwa ɗakin hutun ’yan wasa. An sake gyara ɗakunan canza kaya na ƙungiyar gida da ta baƙi kafin kakar 2018–19, sannan an faɗaɗa tare da raba hanyar da ke kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan biyu domin a raba ƙungiyoyin da ke fafatawa da juna.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Sam|last=Wallace|title=Old Trafford dressing-room layout changed to avoid repeat of Manchester derby tunnel fracas|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/08/28/old-trafford-dressing-room-layout-changed-avoid-repeat-manchester/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/08/28/old-trafford-dressing-room-layout-changed-avoid-repeat-manchester/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=The Telegraph|date=28 August 2018|access-date=28 August 2018|issn=0307-1235}}{{cbignore}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Afrilu 2016, an sauya sunan South Stand zuwa Sir Bobby Charlton Stand kafin fara wasan Premier League na gida da Everton, domin girmama tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Bobby Charlton, wanda ya fara bugawa Manchester United wasa shekaru 60 da suka gabata.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-35953846 |title=Sir Bobby Charlton stand unveiled at Old Trafford |website=BBC News |date=3 April 2016 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404015116/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-35953846 |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2016/Feb/South-Stand-at-Old-Trafford-renamed-Sir-Bobby-Charlton-Stand.aspx |title=South Stand at Old Trafford to be renamed after Sir Bobby Charlton |publisher=Manchester United |website=ManUtd.com |date=15 February 2016 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322034948/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2016/Feb/South-Stand-at-Old-Trafford-renamed-Sir-Bobby-Charlton-Stand.aspx |archive-date=22 March 2016 }}</ref> ===West Stand=== {{main|Stretford End}} [[File:Stretford End, Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|The West Stand, with its mosaic of seats displaying the stand's colloquial name]] Wataƙila West Stand shi ne ɗakin kallo da aka fi sani a Old Trafford, wanda kuma ake kira Stretford End. A al'ada, wannan ɗakin kallo shi ne wurin da manyan magoya bayan United suke zama, kuma su ne waɗanda suka fi yin hayaniya.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Moore |title=Football: You only sing when you're standing |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |publisher=Independent, The |location=London |date=19 November 1996 |access-date=22 August 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111161044/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 }}</ref> Da farko an tsara Stretford End domin ɗaukar magoya baya 20,000, kuma shi ne ɗakin kallo na ƙarshe da aka yi wa rufi, sannan kuma shi ne ɗakin kallo na ƙarshe da ya kasance da wuraren tsayawa kawai a filin kafin tilasta sauya shi zuwa kujeru a farkon shekarun 1990. Alfred McAlpine ne ya gudanar da sake gina Stretford End, wanda aka yi a lokacin kakar 1992–93.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alfred McAlpine wins £7.2m contract to redevelop Stretford End at Manchester United FC's stadium |url=http://www.cnplus.co.uk/News/1992/05/28may92_uk_alfred_mcalpine_wins_72m_contract_to_redevelop_stretford_end_at_manchester_united_fcs_stadium.html |publisher=The Construction News |date=28 May 1992 |access-date=21 August 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064125/http://www.cnplus.co.uk/News/1992/05/28may92_uk_alfred_mcalpine_wins_72m_contract_to_redevelop_stretford_end_at_manchester_united_fcs_stadium.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Lokacin da aka ƙara mataki na biyu zuwa Stretford End a shekarar 2000, magoya baya da yawa daga tsohon K Stand sun koma wurin, kuma suka yanke shawarar rataya tutoci da alamomi a kan shingen da ke gaban matakin. Stretford End ya yi matuƙar shiga cikin al'adun Manchester United, har Denis Law ya samu laƙabin "Sarkin Stretford End", kuma yanzu akwai mutum-mutuminsa a kan hanyar shiga ta matakin sama na ɗakin kallon.<ref>{{cite web |title=Denis Law |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/Legends/Denis-Law.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228095205/http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/Legends/Denis-Law.aspx |archive-date=28 December 2010 }}</ref> ===East Stand=== [[File:Munich air disaster plaque.jpg|thumb|left|Allon tunawa a Old Trafford da aka kafa domin girmama waɗanda suka mutu a bala'in jirgin sama na Munich]] [[File:The East Stand – Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|left|East Stand kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand)]] East Stand na Old Trafford shi ne na biyu da aka sauya zuwa rufin cantilever, bayan Sir Alex Ferguson Stand. Haka kuma ana kiransa da Scoreboard End, saboda a nan ne allon sakamakon yake. East Stand a halin yanzu yana iya ɗaukar kusan magoya baya 12,000,<ref name="manutdzone"/> kuma a nan ne ɓangaren magoya bayan masu nakasa da ɓangaren magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi suke; an yi gwaji a kakar 2011–12 na mayar da magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi zuwa mataki na uku na Sir Alex Ferguson Stand, amma ba a samu damar tantance sakamakon gwajin cikin lokaci ba domin a mayar da canjin na dindindin a kakar 2012–13.<ref>{{cite news |title=Away fans won't move |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2012/May/away-fans-relocation-on-hold.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=22 May 2012 |access-date=22 May 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525215719/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2012/May/away-fans-relocation-on-hold.aspx |archive-date=25 May 2012 }}</ref> Sashen magoya bayan masu nakasa yana da wurare har zuwa magoya baya 170, tare da kujeru kyauta ga masu kula da su. A da an raba Old Trafford zuwa sassa, inda aka ba kowane sashe harafin baƙaƙe bisa jere. Duk da cewa kowane sashe yana da harafi, K Stand ne aka fi ambata a yau. Magoya bayan K Stand sun shahara da goyon bayansu mai ƙarfi ga ƙungiyar ta hanyar ihu da waƙoƙi da dama, duk da cewa da yawa daga cikinsu sun koma mataki na biyu na Stretford End.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Moore |title=Football: You only sing when you're standing |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |location=London |date=19 November 1996 |access-date=8 February 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111161044/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 }}</ref> [[File:Mégastore Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|Shagon megastore na Manchester United yana cikin East Stand na Old Trafford]] East Stand yana da bangon gilashi mai duhu, wanda a bayansa ne cibiyar gudanarwa ta ƙungiyar take. Waɗannan ofisoshin su ne wurin ma'aikatan Inside United, mujallar Manchester United ta hukuma, shafin yanar gizon ƙungiyar na hukuma, da sauran sassan gudanarwa. Ana yawan sanya hotuna da tallace-tallace a gaban East Stand, galibi don tallata kayayyaki da ayyukan da masu ɗaukar nauyin ƙungiyar ke samarwa, amma an nuna girmamawa ga Busby Babes a watan Fabrairu 2008 domin tunawa da cikar shekaru 50 da bala'in jirgin sama na Munich. A saman megastore akwai mutum-mutumin Sir Matt Busby, wanda shi ne manajan da ya fi kowa tsawon lokaci a Manchester United har zuwa lokacin da Sir Alex Ferguson ya zarce shi a shekarar 2010. Haka kuma akwai allon tunawa da waɗanda suka mutu a bala'in jirgin sama na Munich a ƙarshen kudancin East Stand, yayin da Munich Clock yake a mahadar East Stand da South Stand.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2008, domin bikin cikar shekaru 40 da lashe kofin Turai na farko na Manchester United, an bayyana mutum-mutumin "United Trinity" na "tsarkakakkiyar uku" na ƙungiyar, wato George Best, Denis Law da Bobby Charlton, a gefen Sir Matt Busby Way daga East Stand, kai tsaye gaban mutum-mutumin Busby.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=United Trinity honoured |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2008/May/United-Trinity-honoured.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=29 May 2008 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625044609/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2008/May/United-Trinity-honoured.aspx |archive-date=25 June 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 'trinity' statue unveiled |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7426075.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=29 May 2008 |access-date=30 May 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218182528/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7426075.stm |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> [[File:Sir Matt Busby Statue.jpg|thumb|left|160px|alt=Mutum-mutumin tagulla na wani mutum mai sanko sanye da kwat. Hannunsa na dama yana kan ƙugunsa na dama, yayin da yake riƙe da ƙwallon ƙafa a gefen ƙugunsa na hagu.|Mutum-mutumin Sir Matt Busby da ke kallon filin da ke gaban East Stand]] Shagon Manchester United ya samu wurare daban-daban guda shida tun lokacin da aka fara buɗe shi. Da farko, ƙaramin bukka ne kusa da layin dogo da ke tafiya kusa da filin. Daga nan aka mayar da shagon zuwa gefen South Stand, inda aka fara a wurin da ke kishiyar hanyar shigar magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi, sannan aka mayar da shi zuwa ginin da daga baya ya zama ofishin sayar da kayayyakin ƙungiyar. Ƙaruwa cikin shaharar ƙungiyar a farkon shekarun 1990 ta sa aka sake mayar da shagon, a wannan karon zuwa filin gaban West Stand. Wannan sauyin ya zo da babbar faɗaɗa, tare da sauya ƙaramin shagon zuwa "megastore". Alex Ferguson ya buɗe sabon megastore a ranar 3 ga Disamba 1994.<ref>White (2008), p. 319</ref> Sauye-sauyen wurin na baya-bayan nan sun faru a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, yayin da West Stand ke buƙatar sarari domin faɗaɗa zuwa mataki na biyu, wanda hakan ya sa aka rushe megastore. An mayar da shagon zuwa wani wuri na wucin gadi da ke kishiyar East Stand, kafin daga baya ya samu wurin dindindin mai faɗin {{convert|17000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} a ƙasan East Stand da aka faɗaɗa a shekarar 2000.<ref>Mitten, p. 137</ref> Nike, mai ɗaukar nauyin kayan wasannin United, ne ya mallaki sararin megastore, kuma ya gudanar da shagon har zuwa ƙarshen yarjejeniyar ɗaukar nauyinsu a ƙarshen Yuli 2015, lokacin da mallakar shagon ta koma ga ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bates |title=Manchester United planning military-style operation to purge Old Trafford of Nike branding |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-united-planning-military-style-operation-5545047 |website=Mirror Online |publisher=MGN |date=18 April 2015 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108115745/https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-united-planning-military-style-operation-5545047 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Filin wasa da kewayensa=== [[File:United Trinity.jpg|thumb|upright|left|''The United Trinity'', mutum-mutumin "tsarkakakkiyar uku" na Manchester United, wato Best, Law da Charlton]] Filin wasan yana da tsawon kusan {{convert|105|m|yd}} da faɗinsa kusan {{convert|68|m|yd}},<ref name="cap2022"/> tare da wasu mita kaɗan na sararin da ke kewaye da filin a kowane gefe. Tsakiyar filin tana da kusan inci tara sama da gefuna, wanda ke taimaka wa ruwan saman gudana daga filin cikin sauƙi. Kamar yadda yake a filayen wasa na zamani da dama, akwai tsarin dumama na ƙarƙashin ƙasa da ke {{convert|10|in|cm}} ƙarƙashin filin, wanda ya ƙunshi bututun roba masu tsawon {{convert|23|mi|km|0}}.<ref name="pitch">White (2007), p. 17</ref> Tsohon manajan ƙungiyar Alex Ferguson ya kan nemi a sake shimfiɗa filin,<ref>{{cite news |first=Alan |last=Nixon |title=Football: FA charges Neville as United tear up pitch |work=The Independent |location=London |date=30 January 2001}}</ref> musamman a tsakiyar kakar 1998–99, lokacin da ƙungiyar ta lashe Treble, kuma kowane irin wannan aiki yana kashe kusan £250,000. Ana shayar da ciyawar Old Trafford akai-akai, amma ana rage yawan shayarwar a ranakun da ake ruwa, sannan ana yanke ciyawar sau uku a mako tsakanin Afrilu da Nuwamba, da sau ɗaya a mako daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris.<ref name="pitch"/> [[File:Old Trafford clock.jpg|thumb|upright|Hasumiyar agogon Hublot a filin ajiye motoci na Old Trafford mai lamba E1]] A tsakiyar shekarun 1980, lokacin da Manchester United Football Club ke da Manchester Giants, ƙungiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando ta Manchester, an yi shirin gina wani filin wasa na cikin gida mai kujeru 9,000 a wurin da yanzu yake Car Park E1. Sai dai shugaban ƙungiyar a lokacin, Martin Edwards, bai da isassun kuɗaɗe don gudanar da irin wannan aikin, kuma daga ƙarshe aka sayar da ƙungiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando.<ref>Mitten, p. 122</ref> A watan Agusta 2009, filin ajiye motoci ya zama wurin hasumiyar agogon Hublot, wato hasumiya mai tsayin {{convert|10|m|ft|0|adj=mid|-tall}} mai siffar tambarin Hublot, wadda ke ɗauke da fuskokin agogo huɗu masu diamita {{convert|2|m|ft|frac=2|spell=in|adj=mid}}, mafi girman irin agogon da kamfanin ya taɓa ƙera.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hublot clock unveiled |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2009/Aug/Hublot-clock-unveiled.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=28 August 2009 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003180702/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2009/Aug/Hublot-clock-unveiled.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> Gefen gabashin filin wasan kuma shi ne wurin Hotel Football, wani otal mai jigon ƙwallon ƙafa da gidan taruwar magoya baya, wanda tsohon kyaftin ɗin Manchester United Gary Neville ya tsara. Ginin yana gefen gabashin Sir Matt Busby Way, kuma a ɗayan gefen Bridgewater Canal daga filin wasan yake, kuma yana iya ɗaukar magoya baya har 1,500. An buɗe shi a lokacin bazarar shekarar 2015. An gudanar da wannan harkar daban da ƙungiyar, kuma an samu wani ɓangare na kuɗin ta daga kuɗin da aka samu daga wasan girmamawa na Neville.<ref>{{cite news |first=Gemma |last=Thompson |title=Neville launches fans' HQ |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2011/May/Nevilles-supporters-club-vision.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=17 May 2011 |access-date=11 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110712203325/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2011/May/Nevilles-supporters-club-vision.aspx |archive-date=12 July 2011 }}</ref> ==Makoma== A shekarar 2009, an ruwaito cewa Manchester United na ci gaba da riƙe da shirye-shiryen ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane na filin wasan, inda mataki na gaba yake nuni da sake gina Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda, sabanin sauran sassan filin, har yanzu yana da mataki guda. Sake yin irin faɗaɗawar da aka yi wa Sir Alex Ferguson Stand da kuma sassan Arewa maso Gabas da Arewa maso Yamma zai iya ƙara ƙarfin filin zuwa kimanin 95,000, wanda zai sa ya fi Wembley Stadium (90,000) girman ɗaukar 'yan kallo.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news |title=Manchester United set to make Old Trafford bigger than Wembley |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/manutd/5276996/Manchester-United-set-to-make-Old-Trafford-bigger-than-Wembley.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=5 May 2009 |access-date=5 May 2009 |location=London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509083613/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/manutd/5276996/Manchester-United-set-to-make-Old-Trafford-bigger-than-Wembley.html |archive-date=9 May 2009 }}</ref> Ana hasashen irin wannan aikin zai kashe kusan £100 miliyan, saboda kusancin layin dogo da ke gefen filin wasan, da kuma buƙatar gina a samansa, wanda hakan zai sa a sayi gidaje har 50 a ɗayan gefen layin dogon.<ref name="manutdzone"/> Duk da haka, manajan kadarorin rukunin Manchester United ya tabbatar da cewa akwai shirye-shiryen faɗaɗa filin, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ribar da aka samu daga kadarorin ƙungiyar a kewayen Manchester, yana cewa: "Akwai wani tsari na dabaru na filin wasan ... ba manufarmu ba ce mu tsaya cak."<ref>{{cite news |title=United scoring in property market |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/property/united-scoring-in-property-market-918142 |work=Manchester Evening News |publisher=MEN Media |date=12 January 2013 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=6 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206025630/https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/property/united-scoring-in-property-market-918142 |url-status=live }}</ref> A watan Maris 2016, shekaru goma bayan sake ginin da ya gabata, an sake fara magana kan sake gina Sir Bobby Charlton Stand. Domin cika ƙa'idojin samun damar shiga filin ga kowa, an kashe £11 miliyan wajen inganta kayan aiki, inda aka samar da sabbin wuraren keken guragu 118 da sabbin kujerun jin daɗi 158 a wurare daban-daban a filin, tare da sabon babban filin taruwa da aka gina musamman a bayan Stretford End.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Alice |last=Richardson |title=Manchester United spend £11m to double Old Trafford disabled seating |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/manchester-united-spend-11m-double-17573771 |date=15 January 2020 |access-date=29 July 2020 |work=Manchester Evening News |publisher=MEN Media |archive-date=28 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728152108/https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/manchester-united-spend-11m-double-17573771 |url-status=live }}</ref> An kiyasta cewa ƙara wuraren zama ga magoya bayan masu nakasa zai rage jimillar ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane da kusan 3,000. Domin rage tasirin wannan raguwar, an yi la'akari da tsare-tsaren faɗaɗawa daban-daban, kamar ƙara mataki na biyu ga Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda zai sa tsayinsa ya yi kama da Sir Alex Ferguson Stand da ke kishiyarsa amma ba tare da mataki na uku ba, tare da ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane zuwa kusan 80,000. Sake gina ɗakunan kallo na kusurwoyi a ɗayan gefen filin zai ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane zuwa 88,000 tare da ƙara yawan wuraren gudanarwa. Gidaje da ke Railway Road da kuma layin dogo kansa sun taɓa hana inganta Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, amma rushe gidajen da kuma ci gaban fasahar injiniya na nufin yanzu za a iya gina ƙarin matakin da ƙaramin kuɗi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mitten |first=Andy |title=Manchester United consider expanding Old Trafford capacity to hold 80,000 |url=http://www.espnfc.co.uk/club/manchester-united/360/blog/post/2838728/manchester-united-consider-expanding-old-trafford-capacity |work=ESPN FC |publisher=ESPN |date=28 March 2016 |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503123425/http://www.espnfc.co.uk/club/manchester-united/360/blog/post/2838728/manchester-united-consider-expanding-old-trafford-capacity |archive-date=3 May 2016 }}</ref> A shekarar 2018, an ruwaito cewa an dakatar da shirye-shiryen saboda matsalolin gudanar da aikin. Girman aikin da ake buƙata yana nufin cewa duk wani sake gini mai yiwuwa zai ɗauki lokutan wasanni da dama, saboda buƙatar sanya manyan injuna a wuraren filin da a halin yanzu ba a iya shiga ko kuma magoya baya suke amfani da su a ranakun wasa, da kuma kasancewar ɗakin kallon yana ɗauke da ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakunan manema labarai da ɗakunan talabijin. Daraktan gudanarwa na ƙungiyar Richard Arnold ya ce "ba tabbas ba ne cewa akwai hanyar yin hakan ba tare da barin mu ba tare da gida ba." Wannan yana nufin cewa Manchester United za ta bar Old Trafford na tsawon lokacin aikin – kuma yayin da Tottenham Hotspur ta iya amfani da Wembley Stadium a matsayin filin tsaka-tsaki na tsawon kaka biyu yayin da ake gina sabon filinta, {{original research span|filayen wasa masu girman da za a iya kwatantawa da Old Trafford da ke kusa da shi su ne na abokan hamayyar gida Manchester City, City of Manchester Stadium, ko kuma wataƙila Anfield, filin Liverpool, abokan hamayyar tarihi, kuma babu ɗayansu da ake ganin zai dace.|date=September 2025}}<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Man Utd: Sir Bobby Charlton Stand work at Old Trafford not imminent |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43740013 |work=BBC Sport |date=12 April 2018 |access-date=25 October 2019 |archive-date=25 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025225348/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43740013 |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2021, mataimakin shugaban Manchester United Joel Glazer ya bayyana a wani taron Fans Forum cewa "an fara aikin tsare-tsare na matakin farko" domin sake gina Old Trafford da filin atisayen ƙungiyar na Carrington. Wannan ya biyo bayan "ƙaruwar suka" kan rashin ci gaban filin tun shekarar 2006.<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Manchester United in discussions over major redevelopment of Old Trafford |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59020785 |website=BBC Sport |date=23 October 2021 |access-date=7 December 2021 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207172335/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59020785 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ƙungiyar tana la'akari da rushe filin wasan na yanzu tare da gina sabon filin gaba ɗaya a wannan wuri, amma an bayyana cewa wannan shi ne "zaɓin da ba a fi tsammani ba".<ref>{{cite news |first=Jamie |last=Jackson |title=Manchester United considering Old Trafford demolition as part of revamp |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/mar/14/manchester-united-considering-old-trafford-demolition-as-part-of-revamp |work=The Guardian |date=14 March 2022 |access-date=24 March 2022 |archive-date=15 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315070757/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/mar/14/manchester-united-considering-old-trafford-demolition-as-part-of-revamp |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2024, an ruwaito cewa Sir Jim Ratcliffe, wanda ke da kaso 25 cikin 100 na hannun jarin Manchester United, yana son a rushe Old Trafford a gina wani "Wembley na Arewa" a wannan wuri, wanda wataƙila shirin Levelling Up na gwamnatin Birtaniya zai tallafa wa kuɗinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=England: Rise of "Wembley of the North |url=https://stadiumdb.com/news/2024/02/england_rise_of_wembley_of_the_north |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=stadiumdb.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Maris 2025, Manchester United ta tabbatar da shirinta na maye gurbin Old Trafford da sabon filin wasa mai kujeru 100,000, wanda Foster and Partners za su tsara a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shirin sake bunƙasa yankin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/statement-man-utd-confirms-ambition-to-build-a-new-stadium-at-old-trafford|title=Man Utd confirms ambition to build a new stadium|website=www.manutd.com}}</ref> ==Sauran amfani== ===Rugby league=== [[File:Rhinos2008.jpg|thumb|[[Leeds Rhinos]] suna murnar nasarar da suka samu a [[2008 Super League Grand Final]] a kan [[St Helens R.F.C.|St Helens]].]] Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rugby football iri biyu, kodayake ana yawan buga rugby league a wurin fiye da rugby union. Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin dukkan wasannin ƙarshe na [[Rugby League Premiership]] tun daga [[1986–87 Rugby League Premiership|kakar 1986–87]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/news/10717989.memories-of-1987-old-trafford-clash-with-wigan/|title=Memories of 1987 Old Trafford clash with Wigan|website=Warrington Guardian|date=4 October 2013 |access-date=19 October 2020|archive-date=20 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020223857/https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/news/10717989.memories-of-1987-old-trafford-clash-with-wigan/|url-status=live}}</ref> baya ga gasar da ta gaje ta, wato [[Super League Grand Final]], tun daga 1998.<ref>{{cite news |title=Super League Grand Final: Old Trafford continues as host venue until 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/41413157 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=27 September 2017 |access-date=27 September 2017 |archive-date=28 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928194912/http://web.archive.org/web/20170928194912/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/41413157 |url-status=live }}</ref> An buga wasan league na farko a Old Trafford a watan Nuwamba 1958, inda [[Salford Red Devils|Salford]] ta kara da [[Leeds Rhinos|Leeds]] a ƙarƙashin fitilun haske a gaban ‘yan kallo 8,000.<ref name="miscellany"/> An buga wasan gwaji na rugby league na farko a Old Trafford a 1986, lokacin da [[Australia national rugby league team|Australia]] ta doke [[Great Britain national rugby league team|Great Britain]] da ci 38–16 a gaban mutane 50,583, a wasan gwaji na farko na [[1986 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France|rangadin Kangaroo na 1986]].<ref name="mccartney_94">McCartney (1996), p. 94</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Sean |last=Fagan |title=Kangaroo Tour: 1986 |url=http://www.rl1908.com/Kangaroos/1986.htm |publisher=RL1908.com |year=2006 |access-date=23 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091031091519/http://www.rl1908.com/Kangaroos/1986.htm |archive-date=31 October 2009 }}</ref> An buga [[1989 World Club Challenge]] a Old Trafford a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1989, inda ‘yan kallo 30,768 suka kalli [[Widnes Vikings|Widnes]] ta doke [[Canberra Raiders]] da ci 30–18.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.superleague.co.uk/wcc_1989-90.php?rid=321 |title=Carnegie World Club Challenge 1989–90 |access-date=15 March 2009 |work=superleague.co.uk |publisher=Super League |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090306132323/http://www.superleague.co.uk/wcc_1989-90.php?rid=321 <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archive-date=6 March 2009}}</ref> Old Trafford kuma ya karɓi bakuncin wasan gwaji na biyu tsakanin Great Britain da Australia na [[The Ashes (rugby league)|The Ashes]] a rangadin [[1990 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France|1990]] da [[1994 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France|1994]] na [[Kangaroo Tour]]. Filin wasan ya kuma karɓi bakuncin wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin [[England national rugby league team|England]] da [[Wales national rugby league team|Wales]] a [[1995 Rugby League World Cup]]; England ta yi nasara da ci 25–10 a gaban mutane 30,042. Wasan rugby league na ƙasa da ƙasa na ƙarshe da aka buga a Old Trafford a shekarun 1990 ya ga Great Britain ta samu nasararta ɗaya tilo a kan Australia a wannan filin a 1997, a wasan gwaji na biyu na [[Super League Test series]], a gaban magoya baya 40,324. [[File:Betfred 2017 Super League Grand Final 018 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[2017 Super League Grand Final]] a Old Trafford]] Lokacin da Great Britain, Ireland da Faransa suka karɓi bakuncin [[Rugby League World Cup]] a [[2000 Rugby League World Cup|2000]], an zaɓi Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da wasan ƙarshe; Australia da New Zealand ne suka fafata, kuma Australia ta yi nasara da ci 40–12 a gaban mutane 44,329.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://origin-www.rlwc2008.twiihosting.net/about/pastwinners.aspx?article=2000 |title=Past Winners – 2000 |access-date=15 March 2009 |year=2008 |work=Official Website of Rugby League World Cup 2008 |publisher=BigPond |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080531070912/http://origin-www.rlwc2008.twiihosting.net/about/pastwinners.aspx?article=2000 |archive-date=31 May 2008 }}</ref> An kuma zaɓi Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na [[2013 Rugby League World Cup]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Rugby League World Cup: Old Trafford to host 2013 final |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/17937057 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 May 2012 |access-date=24 September 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505180415/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/rugby-league/17937057 |archive-date=5 May 2012 }}</ref> An buga wasan a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, inda [[Australia national rugby league team|Australia]] ta doke zakarun da ke kare kambunsu, [[New Zealand national rugby league team|New Zealand]], da ci 34–2, kuma ya jawo hankalin ‘yan kallo 74,468, wanda ya kasance tarihin duniya na wasan rugby league na ƙasa da ƙasa.<ref>{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Fletcher |title=Rugby League World Cup 2013: New Zealand 2–34 Australia |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/25168674 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 November 2013 |access-date=2 December 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202124614/http://web.archive.org/web/20131202124614/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/rugby-league/25168674 |archive-date=2 December 2013 }}</ref> A lokacin wasan, ɗan wasan gefen Australia [[Brett Morris]] ya yi mummunan karo da allunan tallace-tallace a Stretford End, lamarin da ya ƙara nuna tambayoyin da aka yi kafin wasan game da amincin Old Trafford a matsayin filin rugby league, musamman ƙarancin yankunan da ke bayan layin ƙwallo da gangaren da ke kewaye da gefen filin.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kangaroos have Old Trafford safety worries for Rugby League World Cup final against New Zealand |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-11-30/kangaroos-have-old-trafford-safety-worries/5126620 |work=ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) |date=30 November 2013 |access-date=1 August 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808053736/http://web.archive.org/web/20140808053736/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-11-30/kangaroos-have-old-trafford-safety-worries/5126620 |archive-date=8 August 2014 }}</ref> A watan Janairu 2019, an zaɓi Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin ƙarshe na [[2021 Rugby League World Cup]], inda aka buga wasan ƙarshe na [[2021 Men's Rugby League World Cup final|maza]] da na [[2021 Women's Rugby League World Cup final|mata]] a rana ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Aaron |last=Bower |title=Old Trafford to host men's and women's finals of 2021 Rugby League World Cup |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/jan/29/rugby-league-world-cup-2021-venues-old-trafford-emirates |work=The Guardian |date=29 January 2019 |access-date=25 March 2020 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=23 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023124537/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/jan/29/rugby-league-world-cup-2021-venues-old-trafford-emirates |url-status=live }}</ref> Australia ta doke Samoa da ci 30–10 a gaban mutane 67,502, inda ta lashe kambunta na 12. Saboda [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom|annobar COVID-19]], shekarar 2020 ita ce shekarar farko da Old Trafford bai karɓi bakuncin Super League Grand Final ba, saboda damuwar cewa za a iya sake tsara [[2020 Super League Grand Final|wasan]], abin da Manchester United ba za ta iya samar da damar yi ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=O'Brien |title=Hull considered as potential Grand Final host as Super League searches for Old Trafford alternative |url=https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/hull-super-league-grand-final-4615875 |website=HullLive |publisher=Local World |date=17 October 2020 |access-date=15 April 2021 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624021525/https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/hull-super-league-grand-final-4615875 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Rugby union=== An buga wasan rugby union na farko a Old Trafford ne a lokacin [[1924–25 New Zealand rugby union tour of Britain, Ireland and France]], lokacin da wata ƙungiyar wakilan Lancashire ta karɓi bakuncin [[New Zealand national rugby union team|ƙungiyar ƙasar New Zealand]], yayin da Manchester United ta karɓi kashi 20 cikin 100 na kuɗin shiga daga ƙofar filin.<ref name="mccartney_17"/><ref>{{cite web | url=https://bid.mullocksauctions.co.uk/past-auctions/srmu10068/lot-details/8c40bc2f-f012-4b6b-983f-a7860112258c | title=Rare 1924 Lancashire v New Zealand All Blacks Invincibles rugby programme - played at Manchester }}</ref> Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan rugby union na ƙasa da ƙasa na farko a 1997, lokacin da [[New Zealand national rugby union team|New Zealand]] ta doke [[England national rugby union team|England]] da ci 25–8. An sake buga wani wasa a Old Trafford a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2009,<ref>{{cite news |title=England to play at Old Trafford |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/rugby_union/english/7867120.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 February 2009 |access-date=3 February 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206085939/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/english/7867120.stm |archive-date=6 February 2009 }}</ref> lokacin da England ta doke [[Argentina national rugby union team|Argentina]] da ci 37–15.<ref>{{cite news |title=England 37–15 Argentina |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/english/8085872.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=6 June 2009 |access-date=7 June 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090606171212/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/english/8085872.stm |archive-date=6 June 2009 }}</ref> Filin wasan na ɗaya daga cikin filayen wasa 12 da aka tabbatar za su karɓi bakuncin wasannin [[2015 Rugby World Cup]]; duk da haka, a watan Afrilu 2013 United ta janye daga yarjejeniyar saboda damuwa game da ingancin filin wasa da kuma rashin son lalata dangantakarsu da wasan rugby mai ‘yan wasa 13.<ref>{{cite news |title=England will host 2015 World Cup |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/8170488.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=28 July 2009 |access-date=15 September 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803080622/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/rugby_union/8170488.stm |archive-date=3 August 2009 }}</ref> ===Sauran wasanni=== Kafin gina filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Old Trafford, an yi amfani da wurin wajen wasannin [[shinty]], wasan gargajiya na tsaunukan Scotland.<ref name="shinty">{{cite news|url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article1431145.ece |title=Top football clubs played host to Scots sport of shinty |work=The Independent |date=9 September 2006 |access-date=23 August 2007 |location=London |first=Ian |last=Herbert |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927181714/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article1431145.ece |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref> A lokacin [[World War I|Yaƙin Duniya na Farko]], sojojin Amurka sun yi amfani da filin wajen wasannin baseball.<ref name="miscellany">Mitten p. 138</ref> A watan Yuli 1927, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan baje koli na tennis tsakanin zakarar Olympics ta Faransa kuma wadda ta lashe Grand Slam, [[Suzanne Lenglen]], da ‘yar wasan [[British Ceylon]] [[Evelyn Dewhurst]]. Lenglen ta doke Dewhurst da ci 6–0, 6–2 a gaban ‘yan kallo sama da 15,000.<ref>Manchester United Museum</ref> A ranar 17 ga Satumba 1981, an buga sashen Arewa na gasar [[cricket]] ta [[Lambert & Butler Floodlit Competition]] a wurin; a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, [[Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club|Nottinghamshire]] ta doke [[Derbyshire County Cricket Club|Derbyshire]], yayin da [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] ta doke [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]], kafin Lancashire ta doke Nottinghamshire da gudu 8 a wasan ƙarshe, ta samu gurbin shiga wasan ƙarshe na ƙasa, wanda aka buga tsakanin sauran waɗanda suka yi nasara a yankuna a [[Stamford Bridge (stadium)|Stamford Bridge]] washegari.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lambert and Butler Floodlit Competition 1981 |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/5/Lambert_and_Butler_Floodlit_Competition_1981.html |publisher=CricketArchive |access-date=3 June 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705031950/http://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/5/Lambert_and_Butler_Floodlit_Competition_1981.html |archive-date=5 July 2014 }}</ref> A watan Oktoba 1993, an gudanar da fafatawar haɗa kambunan [[World Boxing Council|WBC]] da [[World Boxing Organization|WBO]] ta nauyin Super-Middleweight a filin, inda kusan mutane 42,000 suka biya kuɗi domin kallon zakaran WBO [[Chris Eubank]] yana fafatawa da zakaran WBC [[Nigel Benn]].<ref>McCartney (1996), p. 74</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=Boxing's big night at OT |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2013/Oct/old-trafford-hosted-nigel-benn-chris-eubank-fight-on-this-day-in-1993.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=9 October 2013 |access-date=10 October 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009131627/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2013/Oct/old-trafford-hosted-nigel-benn-chris-eubank-fight-on-this-day-in-1993.aspx |archive-date=9 October 2013 }}</ref> ===Wasannin kide-kide da sauran ayyuka=== Baya ga amfani da filin wajen wasanni, an gudanar da kide-kide da dama a Old Trafford, inda manyan mawaka kamar [[Bon Jovi]], [[Genesis (band)|Genesis]], [[Bruce Springsteen]], [[Status Quo (band)|Status Quo]], [[Rod Stewart]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Good pitches make for good matches|newspaper=New Sunday Times|location=Kuala Lumpur|date=22 March 1992|page=20|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nZ1YAAAAIBAJ&pg=6796%2C500514|first=Alex|last=Ferguson|author-link=Alex Ferguson|access-date=8 January 2015|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204135227/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nZ1YAAAAIBAJ&pg=6796%2C500514|url-status=live}}</ref> da [[Simply Red]] suka yi wasanni a wurin. An ɗauki wani shiri na ''[[Songs of Praise]]'' a wurin a watan Satumba 1994.<ref name="miscellany"/> Ana kuma amfani da Old Trafford akai-akai wajen ayyuka na musamman, musamman bukukuwan aure, bukukuwan Kirsimeti da tarukan kasuwanci.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events.aspx |title=Conferences & Events |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228002452/http://web.archive.org/web/20101228002452/http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events.aspx |archive-date=28 December 2010 }}</ref> An gudanar da bikin aure na farko a filin a Premier Suite a watan Fabrairu 1996.<ref name="mccartney_94"/> dh0ipbw96xs9xzh8g6olgv03l4em1ct 961798 961796 2026-10-02T07:26:10Z BnHamid 12586 961798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Filin wasa na Old Trafford''' / / ˈtræfərd / ) filin wasa ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|na ƙwallon ƙafa]] a yankin Old Trafford na Greater Manchester, Ingila. Shi ne gidan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] . Da yake ɗaukar 'yan kallo 74,158, shi ne mafi girman filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kulob a Burtaniya, kuma shine na goma sha ɗaya mafi girma a Turai . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester Sightseeing Bus Tours |url=http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716025339/http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |archive-date=16 July 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Yana da kusan rabin mil (mita 800) daga filin wasan kurket na Old Trafford da kuma tashar tram da ke kusa. An yi wa filin wasa na Old Trafford lakabi da "Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mafarkai" ta [[Bobby Charlton]], Old Trafford ya kasance gidan United tun 1910, kodayake daga 1941 zuwa 1949 kulob din ya raba Maine Road da abokan hamayyarsa na gida [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] saboda Blitz . An yi faɗaɗa filin wasa na Old Trafford sau da yawa a shekarun 1990 da 2000, ciki har da ƙara ƙarin matakai zuwa ga North, West da East Stands, kusan ya mayar da filin wasan zuwa matsayinsa na asali na ɗaukar 'yan kallo 80,000 a 2006, daga kusan 44,000 a 1993, bayan an mayar da shi filin wasa mai kujerun zama duka . Idan aka ƙara faɗaɗawa, akwai yiwuwar ƙara wani mataki na biyu a South Stand, wanda zai ƙara yawan 'yan wasa zuwa kusan 88,000, kodayake an yi wasu shawarwari don gina sabon filin wasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An yi rikodin yawan masu halartar filin wasan a shekarar 1939, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,962 suka kalli wasan kusa da na karshe [[FA Cup|na Kofin FA]] tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town . Old Trafford ta karbi bakuncin wasan karshe na cin kofin FA, zagaye na biyu na karshe kuma ana amfani da shi akai-akai a matsayin wurin tsaka-tsaki don wasannin kusa da na karshe na gasar. Ta kuma dauki nauyin wasannin Ingila, da wasannin da aka buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966, da gasar UEFA Euro ta 1996, da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar UEFA ta mata ta Euro ta 2022 . Filin wasan ya kuma dauki bakuncin wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2003 . A wajen ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da filin wasan a wasu lokutan don gasar rugby . Wannan shine wurin da za a yi gasar Super League Grand Final ta shekara-shekara ta Rugby Football League, kuma a da gasar Premiership Final ce, tun daga shekarar 1987. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance wurin da aka shirya gasar cin kofin duniya ta Rugby League sau huɗu - 1995, 2000, 2013, da 2021 (na maza da mata) . ==Tarihi== ===Gini da shekarun farko=== Kafin shekarar 1902, ana kiran Manchester United da Newton Heath, a lokacin da suka fara buga wasanninsu na ƙwallon ƙafa a North Road, sannan daga baya a Bank Street da ke Clayton. Sai dai, filayen biyu suna fama da matsanancin yanayi, inda filayen suka kasance daga tsakuwa zuwa fadama, yayin da Bank Street ke fama da hayaƙin da ke fitowa daga masana'antun da ke makwabtaka da shi.<ref>Murphy, p. 14</ref> Saboda haka, bayan ceto ƙungiyar daga kusan durƙushewar kuɗi da kuma sauya mata suna, sabon shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ya yanke shawara a shekarar 1909 cewa filin Bank Street bai dace da ƙungiyar da ta lashe First Division da FA Cup kwanan nan ba, don haka ya bayar da kuɗi don gina sabon filin wasa.<ref>Murphy, p. 27</ref> Da yake ba ya son kashe kuɗi ba tare da tsari ba, Davies ya binciki wurare daban-daban a Manchester don nemo wurin da ya dace, kafin ya zaɓi wani fili kusa da Bridgewater Canal, kusa da arewacin ƙarshen Warwick Road a Old Trafford.<ref name="mccartney_9">McCartney (1996), p. 9</ref> Wani ɗan gine-gine ɗan Scotland mai suna Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin, wanda ya tsara wasu filayen wasa da dama. Da farko an tsara filin da damar ɗaukar 'yan kallo 100,000, tare da kujeru a babban ɓangaren kudu da ke ƙarƙashin rufi, yayin da sauran ɓangarori uku suka kasance wuraren tsayawa ba tare da rufi ba.<ref>Inglis, pp. 234–235</ref> Ciki har da kuɗin sayen filin, an tsara cewa gina filin wasan zai ci jimillar £60,000. Sai dai yayin da farashin ya fara ƙaruwa, cika damar da aka tsara zai ƙara kashe £30,000 fiye da kiyasin farko. Saboda shawarar sakataren ƙungiyar John Bentley, an rage damar ɗaukar filin zuwa kusan 80,000.<ref>White, p. 50</ref><ref>McCartney (1996), p. 13</ref> Duk da haka, a lokacin da kuɗin sayen 'yan wasa suke kusan £1,000, kuɗin gina filin ya ƙara ƙarfafa laƙabin ƙungiyar na "Moneybags United", wanda aka yi mata tun lokacin da Davies ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar.<ref>Inglis, p. 234</ref> A watan Mayu 1908, Archibald Leitch ya rubuta wa Cheshire Lines Committee (CLC) — wanda ke da tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da wurin da aka tsara gina filin ƙwallon ƙafar — domin ƙoƙarin shawo kansu su ba da tallafin gina babban ɗakin kallo da ke gefen layin dogo. Tallafin zai kasance £10,000, wanda za a biya a £2,000 a kowace shekara tsawon shekaru biyar, ko kuma rabin kuɗin shiga daga babban ɗakin kallo a kowace shekara har sai an biya bashin. Sai dai, duk da garantin bashin da ƙungiyar kanta da kuma wasu masana'antun giya biyu na yankin suka bayar, waɗanda shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ke jagoranta, Cheshire Lines Committee ta ƙi amincewa da shawarar.<ref>McCartney (1996), p. 10</ref> CLC ta shirya gina sabuwar tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da sabon filin wasan, inda aka yi hasashen samun £2,750 a kowace shekara daga kuɗin sufuri, wanda zai taimaka wajen rage kuɗin gina tashar da ya kai £9,800. An daga baya gina tashar — Trafford Park — amma a wani wuri da ya fi nisa a layin fiye da yadda aka tsara da farko.<ref name="mccartney_9"/> Daga baya CLC ta gina ƙaramar tashar mai dandamali guda ɗaya da aka yi da itace, kusa da filin wasan kai tsaye, kuma aka buɗe ta a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1935. Da farko ana kiranta United Football Ground,<ref>Butt (1995), p. 247</ref> amma aka sauya sunanta zuwa Old Trafford Football Ground a farkon shekarar 1936. A ranakun wasa kawai, jiragen ƙasa masu amfani da tururi daga Manchester Central railway station ne ke kai mata mutane.<ref>Butt, p. 178</ref> A yanzu ana kiranta Manchester United Football Ground.<ref>{{cite web |title=Manchester Utd Football Gd (MUF) |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |publisher=National Rail |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727132532/http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |archive-date=27 July 2011 }}</ref> Kamfanin Messrs Brameld and Smith na Manchester ne ya gudanar da aikin ginin<ref name="encyclopaedia">Barnes et al., pp. 44–47, 52</ref> kuma an kammala aikin a ƙarshen shekarar 1909. Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1910, lokacin da United ta karɓi bakuncin Liverpool. Sai dai ƙungiyar gida ta kasa bai wa magoya bayanta nasara a wannan rana, domin Liverpool ta yi nasara da ci 4–3. Sandy Turnbull ne ya ci ƙwallo ta farko da aka taɓa ci a Old Trafford. Wani ɗan jarida da ya halarci wasan ya bayyana filin wasan a matsayin "mafi kyau, mafi faɗi kuma mafi ban mamaki da na taɓa gani. A matsayin filin ƙwallon ƙafa, babu irinsa a duniya, abin alfahari ne ga Manchester da kuma gidan ƙungiyar da za ta iya yin abubuwan al'ajabi idan ta ga dama".<ref>White (2008), p. 50</ref> [[File:Old trafford stadium 1920s.jpg|thumb|Old Trafford a shekarun 1920]] Kafin a gina Wembley Stadium a shekarar 1923, ana gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup a filaye daban-daban a Ingila, ciki har da Old Trafford.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |title=FA Cup Final Venues |access-date=11 September 2016 |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |archive-date=8 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508211237/http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |url-status=live }}</ref> Na farko daga cikin waɗannan shi ne wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na 1911 tsakanin Bradford City da Newcastle United, bayan wasan farko a Crystal Palace ya ƙare babu ci bayan karin lokaci. Bradford ta yi nasara da ci 1–0, Jimmy Speirs ne ya ci ƙwallon, a gaban mutane 58,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |title=1911 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064001/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na biyu da aka gudanar a filin shi ne wasan ƙarshe na 1915 tsakanin Sheffield United da Chelsea. Sheffield United ta yi nasara da ci 3–0 a gaban kusan 'yan kallo 50,000, yawancinsu sojoji ne, wanda ya sa aka yi wa wasan laƙabin "Khaki Cup Final".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |title=1915 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060934/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |archive-date=11 March 2007 }}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1920, Old Trafford ya karɓi adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a wasan lig na United, inda 'yan kallo 70,504 suka kalli Red Devils suna rashin nasara da ci 3–1 a hannun Aston Villa.<ref>Murphy, p. 31</ref> Filin ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko na ƙasashen duniya daga baya a wannan shekaru goma, lokacin da Ingila ta sha kashi da ci 1–0 a hannun Scotland a gaban 'yan kallo 49,429 a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1926.<ref name="mccartney_17">McCartney (1996), p. 17</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The OT Story: 1910–1930 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=18 January 2010 |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013184919/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |archive-date=13 October 2012 }}</ref> Abin mamaki, adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa a Old Trafford ba a wasan gida na Manchester United aka samu ba. A maimakon haka, a ranar 25 ga Maris 1939, mutane 76,962 ne suka kalli wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na FA Cup tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town.<ref name="sky_sports">Rollin and Rollin, p. 254–255</ref> ===Harin bam a lokacin yaƙi=== {{multiple image | align = right | direction = horizontal | image1 = Garderobeinngang (old trafford) 1992.JPG | width1 = 147 | alt1 = | image2 = Manchester United (8051528418).jpg | width2 = 160 | alt2 = | footer = Ramin tsakiyar Old Trafford (hagu) shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na 1910 da ya tsira bayan harin bam na filin wasan a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Yanzu ana amfani da ramin kusurwa (dama) wajen da 'yan wasa ke wucewa a ranar wasa. }} A shekarar 1936, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gyaran filin da ya ci £35,000, an ƙara rufi mai tsawon yadi 80 a karon farko a kan United Road stand (wanda yanzu ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson Stand),<ref name="inglis_235">Inglis, p. 235</ref> yayin da aka ƙara rufi a kusurwoyin kudu a shekarar 1938.<ref name="rivalry">Brandon, pp. 179–180</ref> Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, sojoji sun ƙwace Old Trafford domin amfani da shi a matsayin ma'ajiyar kayayyaki.<ref name="mccartney_20">McCartney (1996), p. 20</ref> An ci gaba da buga ƙwallo a filin, amma wani harin bam na Jamus a Trafford Park a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1940 ya lalata filin wasan sosai, har aka tilasta sauya wasan ranar Kirsimeti da Stockport County zuwa filin Stockport.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> An dawo da buga ƙwallo a Old Trafford a ranar 8 ga Maris 1941, amma wani harin Jamus a ranar 11 ga Maris 1941 ya lalata yawancin filin wasan, musamman babban ɗakin kallo (wanda yanzu ake kira South Stand), lamarin da ya tilasta ƙungiyar ta koma gudanar da ayyukanta daga Cornbrook Cold Storage, mallakar shugaban United James W. Gibson.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> Bayan matsin lamba daga Gibson, War Damage Commission ta ba Manchester United £4,800 domin kwashe tarkace da kuma £17,478 domin sake gina ɗakunan kallo.<ref name="inglis_235"/> A lokacin sake gina filin wasan, Manchester United ta buga wasanninta na "gida" a Maine Road, gidan abokiyar hamayyarta ta cikin birni, Manchester City, kan kuɗin £5,000 a shekara tare da kaso daga kuɗin shiga daga ƙofar filin.<ref>Murphy, p. 45</ref> A wannan lokacin ƙungiyar tana da bashin £15,000, wanda hayar Maine Road ta ƙara tsananta, kuma ɗan majalisar Labour mai wakiltar Stoke, Ellis Smith, ya roƙi gwamnati ta ƙara kuɗin diyya ga ƙungiyar, amma hakan bai yi nasara ba.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Ko da yake an sake buɗe Old Trafford a shekarar 1949, duk da cewa ba shi da rufi, hakan na nufin an shafe kusan shekaru 10 ba a buga wasan lig a filin ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Philip |title=How Matt Busby arrived at Manchester United |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=1 February 2008 |access-date=21 August 2008 |location=London |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015045004/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |archive-date=15 October 2008 }}</ref> Wasan farko na United bayan komawa Old Trafford an buga shi a ranar 24 ga Agusta 1949, inda 'yan kallo 41,748 suka shaida nasarar da ci 3–0 a kan Bolton Wanderers.<ref>White (2008), p. 224</ref> ===Kammala babban shirin gyara=== An mayar da rufi a kan Main Stand a shekarar 1951, kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka rufe sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, aikin ya ƙare da ƙara rufi a Stretford End (wanda yanzu ake kira West Stand) a shekarar 1959.<ref name="rivalry"/> Ƙungiyar ta kuma kashe £40,000 wajen girka fitilun haske na musamman, domin ta sami damar amfani da filin wasan wajen wasannin Turai da ake buga da yamma a ranakun aiki, maimakon yin amfani da Maine Road. Domin guje wa inuwar da za ta rufe filin wasa, an cire wasu sassan biyu na rufin Main Stand.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Wasan farko da aka buga ƙarƙashin fitilun haske a Old Trafford shi ne wasan First Division tsakanin Manchester United da Bolton Wanderers a ranar 25 ga Maris 1957.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Sai dai, duk da cewa yanzu 'yan kallo za su iya ganin 'yan wasa da dare, har yanzu suna fama da matsalar rashin cikakken gani saboda ginshiƙan da ke ɗauke da rufin. Yayin da gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966 ke gabatowa, inda filin wasan zai karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wannan ya sa daraktocin United suka sake tsara United Road (arewa) stand gaba ɗaya. An maye gurbin tsoffin ginshiƙan rufin a shekarar 1965 da tsarin zamani na cantilever a saman rufin, wanda ya bai wa kowane mai kallo damar kallon wasa ba tare da wani abu ya hana gani ba,<ref name="rivalry"/> sannan aka faɗaɗa shi domin ɗaukar 'yan kallo 20,000 (10,000 masu zama da 10,000 masu tsayawa a gaba) kan kuɗin £350,000.<ref name="inglis_236">Inglis, p. 236</ref> Masu gine-ginen sabon ɗakin kallo, Mather and Nutter (wanda yanzu ake kira Atherden Fuller),<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> sun sake tsara tsarin ɗakin kallo ta yadda za a samu wurin tsayawa a gaba, babban wurin zama a baya, da kuma ɗakunan sirri na farko a filin ƙwallon ƙafa na Birtaniya. An sake gina east stand — wanda shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren da ya rage ba shi da rufi — cikin irin wannan tsari a shekarar 1973.<ref name=":0">Inglis, p. 237</ref> Bayan an mayar da ɗakunan kallo biyu na farko zuwa tsarin cantilever, masu filin wasan suka tsara wani shiri na dogon lokaci na yin hakan ga sauran ɗakunan kallo biyu da kuma mayar da filin wasan zuwa wani filin mai kama da kwano.<ref name="manutdzone">{{cite web |url=http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |title=Old Trafford 1909–2006 |access-date=11 December 2011 |publisher=manutdzone.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080217222825/http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |archive-date=17 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Irin wannan aikin zai taimaka wajen ƙara yanayi da hayaniya a cikin filin ta hanyar tattara sautin magoya baya da kuma mayar da shi zuwa filin wasa, inda 'yan wasan za su ji cikakken tasirin filin da ke cike da jama'a.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=OT atmosphere excites Ole |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=15 August 2006 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002143817/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A halin yanzu, filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na uku, inda 'yan kallo 62,078 suka kalli wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na 1970 tsakanin Chelsea da Leeds United; Chelsea ta yi nasara da ci 2–1. Filin ya kuma karɓi bakuncin wasan dawowa na 1968 Intercontinental Cup, inda Estudiantes de La Plata ta lashe kofin bayan an tashi 1–1.<ref>{{cite web |first=Martin |last=Macchiavello |title=Nostalgia Alá vista |url=http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |publisher=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |date=18 December 2009 |access-date=18 July 2010 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302232407/http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |archive-date=2 March 2012 }}</ref> A shekarun 1970, an samu gagarumin ƙaruwa na tarzomar magoya bayan ƙwallon ƙafa a Birtaniya,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |title=University of Liverpool FIG Factsheet – Hooliganism |access-date=4 September 2008 |last=Pearson |first=Geoff |date=December 2007 |work=Football Industry Group |publisher=University of Liverpool |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913004141/http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |archive-date=13 September 2008 }}</ref> kuma wani lamari na jefa wuƙa a shekarar 1971 ya tilasta ƙungiyar gina shingen kewaye da filin na farko a ƙasar, wanda ya hana magoya baya shiga filin wasa.<ref name="inglis_236"/> ===Sauya zuwa filin mai kujeru kawai=== [[File:Stretford end 1992.JPG|thumb|Stretford End kafin sake gina shi a farkon shekarun 1990]] Tare da kowace irin gyara da aka yi wa filin tun bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, damar ɗaukar mutane tana raguwa a hankali. Zuwa shekarun 1980, damar ta ragu daga 80,000 na asali zuwa kusan 60,000. Damar ta ƙara raguwa a shekarar 1990, lokacin da Taylor Report ya ba da shawara, kuma gwamnati ta buƙaci, a mayar da dukkan filayen First da Second Division zuwa filayen da ke da kujeru ga kowa. Wannan ya sa tsare-tsaren kashe £3–5&nbsp;miliyan domin maye gurbin Stretford End da sabon ɗakin kallo mai wurin tsayawa a gaba da rufin cantilever da zai haɗa shi da sauran filin suka zama dole a sauya su sosai.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Wannan sake gini da aka tilasta, wanda ya haɗa da cire wuraren tsayawa a gaban sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, ba kawai ya ƙara kuɗin aikin zuwa kusan £10&nbsp;miliyan ba, har ma ya rage damar Old Trafford zuwa mafi ƙarancin da aka taɓa samu, wato kusan 44,000.<ref name="inglis_238">Inglis, p. 238</ref> A shekarar 1992 kuma aka sanar da ƙungiyar cewa za ta samu £1.4&nbsp;miliyan ne kawai daga cikin £2&nbsp;miliyan da Football Trust zai iya bayarwa domin aikin da ya shafi Taylor Report.<ref>Inglis, pp. 238–239</ref> [[File:Old Trafford 1992 (outside).JPG|thumb|left|Wajen Old Trafford, 1992]] Sake samun nasarar ƙungiyar da kuma ƙaruwa da shahararta a farkon shekarun 1990 ya tabbatar da cewa dole ne a ƙara yin wasu gyare-gyare. A shekarar 1995, an rushe North Stand mai shekaru 30, kuma aka fara aikin gina sabon ɗakin kallo cikin sauri,<ref>James, pp. 405–6</ref> domin a kammala shi kafin Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da kuma wasan ƙarshe a Euro 96. Ƙungiyar ta sayi Trafford Park trading estate, wani fili mai girman {{convert|20|acre|ha|0|abbr=off|adj=on}}, wanda yake ɗaya gefen United Road, kan kuɗin £9.2&nbsp;miliyan a watan Maris 1995. An fara ginin a watan Yunin 1995 kuma aka kammala shi a watan Mayun 1996, inda aka buɗe matakai biyu na farko cikin uku na ɗakin kallo a lokacin kakar. Atherden Fuller ne ya tsara shi, tare da Hilstone Laurie a matsayin masu kula da aikin da gini, da Campbell Reith Hill a matsayin injiniyoyin tsarin ginin. Sabon ɗakin kallo mai hawa uku ya ci jimillar £18.65&nbsp;miliyan kuma yana da damar ɗaukar kusan mutane 25,500, wanda ya ɗaga damar ɗaukacin filin zuwa sama da 55,000. Rufin cantilever ɗin ya kasance mafi girma a Turai, yana da tsawon {{convert|58.5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} daga bangon baya zuwa gefen gaba.<ref name="inglis_239">Inglis, p. 239</ref> Ƙarin nasarori a cikin shekaru masu zuwa sun tabbatar da ƙarin gine-gine. Da farko, an ƙara bene na biyu a East Stand. Da aka buɗe shi a watan Janairun 2000, damar filin wasan ta ƙaru na ɗan lokaci zuwa kusan 61,000 har sai da aka buɗe bene na biyu na West Stand, wanda ya ƙara wasu kujeru 7,000, ya kawo jimillar damar zuwa 68,217. A wannan lokacin ba kawai shi ne filin ƙungiya mafi girma a Ingila ba, har ma shi ne mafi girma a duk faɗin Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |title=Old Trafford |access-date=21 August 2008 |publisher=waterscape.com |archive-date=3 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403023715/http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |url-status=live }}</ref> Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na Turai mafi girma na farko shekaru uku bayan haka, inda aka gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na UEFA Champions League na 2003 tsakanin Milan da Juventus.<ref>{{cite book |title=UEFA Champions League Statistics Handbook 2012/13 |year=2012 |publisher=Union of European Football Associations |location=Nyon |page=154 }}</ref> [[File:Old trafford february 2010.jpg|thumb|An buɗe East Stand da aka sake ginawa a farkon kakar 2000–01.]] Daga shekarar 2001 zuwa 2007, bayan rushe tsohon Wembley Stadium, an tilasta wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila buga wasanninta a wasu wurare. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar ta zagaya ƙasar, inda ta buga wasanninta a filaye daban-daban daga Villa Park da ke Birmingham zuwa St James' Park da ke Newcastle. A wannan lokaci, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin gida 14 daga cikin 34 na Ingila, fiye da kowane filin wasa, na ƙarshe daga cikinsu shi ne rashin nasarar da Ingila ta yi da ci 1–0 a hannun Spain a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title=Men's Senior Team Results |url=http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |access-date=31 January 2010 |archive-date=31 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131224425/http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> An buga wasan a gaban 'yan kallo 58,207.<ref>{{cite news |first=John |last=Sinnott |title=England 0–1 Spain |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=7 February 2007 |access-date=9 September 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070824100909/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |archive-date=24 August 2007 }}</ref> ===Faɗaɗa filin a 2006=== [[File:Old Trafford model.jpg|thumb|Samfurin Old Trafford mai ma'auni na Peter Oldfield-Edwards da aka nuna a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Maris 2010]] Faɗaɗa Old Trafford na baya-bayan nan, wanda aka gudanar tsakanin Yulin 2005 da Mayun 2006, ya ƙara kusan kujeru 8,000 ta hanyar ƙara bene na biyu a sassan arewa maso yamma da arewa maso gabas na filin.<ref name="manutdzone"/> An fara amfani da wani ɓangare na sabbin kujerun a ranar 26 ga Maris 2006, lokacin da yawan 'yan kallo 69,070 ya zama sabon tarihin Premier League.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 3–0 Birmingham |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 March 2006 |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120125023/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 }}</ref> An ci gaba da ƙara wannan tarihi har sai da ya kai matsayinsa na yanzu a ranar 31 ga Maris 2007, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,098 suka kalli United ta doke Blackburn Rovers da ci 4–1, wanda ke nufin kujeru 114 kacal (0.15% na jimillar damar ɗaukar mutane 76,212) suka kasance babu kowa.<ref name="united4_blackburn1">{{cite news |first=Nick |last=Coppack |title=Report: United 4 Blackburn 1 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=31 March 2007 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216043425/http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> A shekarar 2009, sake tsara kujerun filin wasan ya rage damar ɗaukar mutane da 255 zuwa 75,957, wanda ke nufin tarihin yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar zai ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa wani sabon faɗaɗawa.<ref name="inside_united">{{cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Steve |editor1-first=Ian |editor1-last=McLeish |date=March 2010 |title=Design for life |journal=Inside United |issue=212 |pages=44–48 |publisher=Haymarket Network |issn=1749-6497 }}</ref><ref name="record_gate">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #9: Record gate |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 November 2009 |access-date=19 November 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216030119/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> [[File:Brazil Belarus kickoff.JPG|thumb|left|Old Trafford yayin wani wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012]] Old Trafford ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 2010. Domin tunawa da wannan lokaci, shafin yanar gizon Manchester United na hukuma ya wallafa wani shiri wanda a cikinsa aka nuna wani muhimmin abin tunawa daga tarihin filin wasan a kowace rana daga cikin kwanaki 100 da suka gabaci ranar cika shekaru.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=My Old Trafford |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=25 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232234/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> Daga cikin waɗannan abubuwa 100, wani kwamiti da ya haɗa da masanin kididdigar ƙungiyar Cliff Butler, ɗan jarida David Meek, da tsoffin 'yan wasa Paddy Crerand da Wilf McGuinness ya zaɓi guda 10 mafi muhimmanci.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100: The Top 10 revealed |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232444/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A Old Trafford kansa, an gudanar da gasar zane-zane ga ɗalibai daga makarantu uku na yankin domin su ƙirƙiri yadda suke ganin filin wasan a baya, yanzu da kuma nan gaba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT art competition |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003063025/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> An ajiye zane-zanen da suka yi nasara a matsayin nunin dindindin a hanyar shiga babban ɓangaren iyalai na Old Trafford, kuma mai zane Harold Riley ya ba waɗanda suka yi nasara kyaututtuka a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=New OT exhibit unveiled |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211035534/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |archive-date=11 December 2010 }}</ref> Tsohon mai tsaron gida Jack Crompton da babban jami'in gudanarwa David Gill ne suka buɗe wani baje koli game da filin wasan a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit"/> Baje kolin ya nuna tarihin filin wasan tare da abubuwan tunawa daga baya, ciki har da shirin wasan farko da kuma samfurin filin mai ma'auni 1:220 wanda mai ƙera samfura Peter Oldfield-Edwards ya gina da hannu.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT history on display |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223140805/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |archive-date=23 December 2011 }}</ref> A ƙarshe, a wasan gida na Manchester United da Fulham a ranar 14 ga Maris, magoya bayan da suka halarci wasan sun samu kwafin shirin wasan farko na Old Trafford, sannan a lokacin hutun rabin lokaci dangin 'yan wasan da suka buga wasan farko — da kuma dangin shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies da mai tsara filin wasan Archibald Leitch — suka shiga aikin binne wani akwati na abubuwan tunawa da Manchester United kusa da ramin tsakiyar filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=Stadium set for centenary match |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=12 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208083213/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |archive-date=8 February 2012 }}</ref> Ba a iya gano dangin winger Billy Meredith, wing-half Dick Duckworth da sakataren ƙungiyar Ernest Mangnall ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=Dream day for 1910 relatives |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216081325/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |archive-date=16 February 2011 }}</ref> An yi amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da wasanni da dama na gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=Old Trafford |url=http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |work=London2012.com |publisher=London 2012 |access-date=2 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123125022/http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |archive-date=23 January 2013 }}</ref> Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni biyar, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da wasan ƙarshe a gasar maza, da kuma wasan rukuni guda ɗaya da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe a gasar mata, wanda ya kasance sanannen wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin Canada da United States,<ref>{{cite web |title=Football – event schedule |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/17092335 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 March 2012 |access-date=28 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422130437/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/17092335 |archive-date=22 April 2014 }}</ref> kuma su ne wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na mata na ƙasashen duniya na farko da aka taɓa gudanar a filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sam |last=Borden |title=Rare at Old Trafford: A Women's Match |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=30 July 2012 |access-date=31 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731231824/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |archive-date=31 July 2012 }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2006, ana kuma amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da Soccer Aid, wasan sadaka da ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru biyu, wanda mawaki Robbie Williams da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Jonathan Wilkes suka fara shirya; sai dai a shekarar 2008 an gudanar da wasan a Wembley Stadium.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sean |last=Gibson |title=Soccer Aid 2016, England vs Rest of the World: What time is kick-off, what are the teams and which TV channel is it on? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |website=The Telegraph |date=3 June 2016 |access-date=3 June 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605042626/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |archive-date=5 June 2016 }}</ref> [[File:Old Trafford, April 2020 (04).jpg|thumb|Girmamawar Old Trafford ga Hukumar Kiwon Lafiya ta Ƙasa a lokacin annobar COVID-19]] A ranar 27 ga Maris 2021, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan farko na ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United, inda West Ham United ta kasance abokiyar hamayya a gasar Women's Super League.<ref>{{Cite press release|date=16 March 2021|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/Manchester-United-Women-to-play-at-Old-Trafford-for-the-very-first-time|title=MU Women to play first-ever match at Old Trafford|website=Manchester United|access-date=25 March 2021|archive-date=19 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319011528/https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/manchester-united-women-to-play-at-old-trafford-for-the-very-first-time|url-status=live}}</ref> Daidai shekara guda bayan haka, ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United ta kara da Everton a Old Trafford a gaban 'yan kallo a karon farko (wasan 2021 an buga shi ba tare da 'yan kallo ba saboda annobar COVID-19). 'Yan kallo 20,241 ne suka halarci wasan, wanda ya zama mafi yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar mata, kuma suka ga Manchester United ta yi nasara da ci 3–1.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |title=Manchester United Women 3–1 Eveton Women |work=BBC Sport |date=27 March 2022 |access-date=19 April 2022 |archive-date=19 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419060202/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |url-status=live }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Yuli 2022, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan buɗe gasar UEFA Women's Euro 2022 tsakanin Ingila da Austria, a gaban adadin 'yan kallo 68,871, wanda shi ne mafi yawan 'yan kallo da aka taɓa samu a gasar cin kofin Turai ta mata, kuma na biyu mafi yawa a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata a Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |title=Women's Euro 2022 kicks off with record attendance as England secure a nervous win |website=olympics.com |last=Hill |first=Courtney |date=7 July 2022 |access-date=19 July 2022 |archive-date=8 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708182153/https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2022, an saka Old Trafford cikin jerin filayen wasan da aka zaɓa a matsayin wani ɓangare na takarar United Kingdom da Ireland na karɓar bakuncin UEFA Euro 2028, amma ba a saka shi cikin jerin filayen wasa 10 na ƙarshe da aka sanar a watan Afrilu 2023 ba.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65245224/|title=Euro 2028: Casement Park and Everton's Bramley-Moore Dock among 10 stadiums for UK & Ireland bid|work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4404128/2023/04/12/euro-2028-stadiums-uk-ireland//|title=UK and Ireland announce final list of stadiums for Euro 2028 bid|work=The New York Times |last1=Bosher |first1=Luke |date=13 April 2023 }}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2023, ƙungiyar maza ta Ingila ta koma Old Trafford a karon farko tun shekarar 2007 domin buga wasan neman gurbin Euro 2024 da North Macedonia; Ingila ta yi nasara da ci 7–0 a gaban mutane 70,708.<ref>{{cite web |title=England-North Macedonia {{!}} European Qualifiers 2024 |url=https://www.uefa.com/european-qualifiers/match/2036363--england-vs-north-macedonia/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> ==Tsari da kayan aiki== [[File:OldTraffordPlan-en.svg|thumb|Tsarin yadda Old Trafford yake. Wurin da aka yi wa inuwa yana nuna ɓangaren da aka ware wa magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi.]] Filin wasan Old Trafford yana kewaye da ɗakunan kallo guda huɗu masu rufi kuma masu kujeru kawai, waɗanda a hukumance ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson (Arewa), East, Sir Bobby Charlton (Kudu) da West Stands. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan ɗakunan kallo yana da aƙalla matakai biyu,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ticket-compare.com/stadiums/old-trafford/seating-plan/ |title=Old Trafford Seating Plan |publisher=Ticket Compare }}</ref> ban da Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda yake da mataki guda kawai saboda ƙuntatawar gini. Ƙananan matakin kowane ɗakin kallo an raba shi zuwa ɓangaren Ƙasa da na Sama, inda aka sauya ɓangarorin Ƙasa daga wuraren tsayawa a farkon shekarun 1990. ===Sir Alex Ferguson Stand=== [[File:Sir Alex Ferguson stand, Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|left|Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand) kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand)]] Sir Alex Ferguson Stand, wanda a da ake kira United Road stand da North Stand, yana shimfiɗe a saman United Road. Wannan ɗakin kallo yana da matakai uku, kuma yana iya ɗaukar kusan 'yan kallo 26,000, wanda ya fi kowanne daga cikin ɗakunan kallo huɗu. Haka kuma yana da wurare kaɗan ga magoya baya a ɗakunan gudanarwa da dakunan karɓar baƙi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Executive Club |url=http://www.executiveclub.manutd.com/ |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=1 August 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814175027/http://www.executiveclub.manutd.com/ |archive-date=14 August 2011 }}</ref> An buɗe shi a yanayinsa na yanzu a shekarar 1996, bayan da a da yake ɗakin kallo mai mataki guda. A matsayinsa na mafi girman ɗakin kallo na filin, yana ɗauke da wasu fitattun wuraren more rayuwa na filin, ciki har da Red Café (gidan cin abinci/bar mai jigo na Manchester United) da gidan tarihin Manchester United da ɗakin kofunan ƙungiyar. Da farko an buɗe gidan tarihin a shekarar 1986 a matsayin na farko irinsa a duniya,<ref>Inglis, p. 240</ref> kuma yana kusurwar kudu maso gabashin filin har zuwa lokacin da aka mayar da shi zuwa North Stand da aka sake ginawa a shekarar 1998. Pelé ne ya buɗe gidan tarihin a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1998, tun daga lokacin adadin masu ziyara ya tashi daga 192,000 a shekarar 1998 zuwa sama da masu ziyara 300,000 a shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={9C9F8161-326A-40F0-8EB0-085348EEDCFC} |title=Virtual Tour – The Museum |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110125171433/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7B9C9F8161-326A-40F0-8EB0-085348EEDCFC%7D |archive-date=25 January 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #66: Pele's visit |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2010/Jan/OT100-66-Peles-visit.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003174455/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2010/Jan/OT100-66-Peles-visit.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> Ya zuwa kakar 2022–23, yawan masu ziyara ya ragu zuwa kusan 190,000.<ref name=":0" /> [[File:A statue of Sir Alex Ferguson at Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Mutum-mutumin tagulla na wani mutum sanye da riga, hannayensa a haɗe.|An kafa mutum-mutumin Sir Alex Ferguson a Old Trafford a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2012.]] An sake wa North Stand suna Sir Alex Ferguson Stand a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2011, domin girmama shekaru 25 da Alex Ferguson ya yi a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd rename Old Trafford stand in Ferguson's honour |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/15607907 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=5 November 2011 |access-date=5 November 2011 |archive-date=7 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130707151516/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/15607907 |url-status=live }}</ref> An kafa mutum-mutumin Ferguson mai tsawon {{convert|9|ft|m|1|abbr=off|spell=in|adj=on}}, wanda Philip Jackson ya sassaka, a wajen ɗakin kallon a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2012, domin girmama matsayinsa na manajan da ya fi kowa tsawon lokaci a tarihin Manchester United.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sir Alex Ferguson pride as Manchester United unveil statue |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/20468104 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 November 2012 |access-date=23 November 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121124214842/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20468104 |archive-date=24 November 2012 }}</ref> ===Sir Bobby Charlton Stand=== [[File:Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand).jpg|thumb|left|Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand) kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand)]] A kishiyar Sir Alex Ferguson Stand akwai Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda a da yake babban ɗakin kallon Old Trafford kuma a baya ake kiransa South Stand. Duk da cewa yana da mataki guda kawai, Sir Bobby Charlton Stand yana ɗauke da mafi yawan ɗakunan gudanarwa na filin,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events/The-Suites.aspx |title=The Suites |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110203051517/http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events/The-Suites.aspx |archive-date=3 February 2011 }}</ref> sannan kuma yana karɓar duk wani babban baƙo da zai zo kallon wasa. Ana zaunar da ma'aikatan kafofin watsa labarai a tsakiyar Upper South Stand domin su samu kyakkyawan kallon wasa. Haka kuma, wurin kyamarorin talabijin yana cikin Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, saboda haka wannan ɗakin kallo ne aka fi nuna shi a talabijin. <ref name="rivalry"/> Dakunan shirye-shiryen talabijin suna a ƙarshen biyu na Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, inda tashar talabijin ta cikin gida ta ƙungiyar, MUTV, take a ɗakin gabas, yayin da sauran tashoshin talabijin, kamar BBC da Sky, suke a ɗakin yamma. Wurin zama na manajoji yana tsakiyar Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, an ɗaga shi sama da matakin filin domin ba manaja da masu horar da shi damar samun kyakkyawan hangen wasan daga sama. Wurin zaman kowace ƙungiya yana gefen tsohuwar ramin ’yan wasa, wadda aka yi amfani da ita har zuwa shekarar 1993. Wannan tsohuwar rami ita ce kaɗai ragowar ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na shekarar 1910, bayan da ta tsira daga harin bam da ya lalata yawancin filin yayin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={0341FBBA-96FA-42BB-896B-0D15ABAFA643} |title=Virtual Tour – Dugout |access-date=7 February 2008 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210194159/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7B0341FBBA-96FA-42BB-896B-0D15ABAFA643%7D |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2008, an sauya sunan wannan rami zuwa Munich Tunnel, a matsayin abin tunawa da cikar shekaru 50 da bala'in jirgin sama na Munich na shekarar 1958.<ref>{{cite news |title=Football honours Munich victims |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/7228670.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=6 February 2008 |access-date=7 February 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208215806/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7228670.stm |archive-date=8 February 2008 }}</ref> Ramin yanzu yana kusurwar kudu maso yammacin filin, kuma yana kuma zama hanyar shiga ga ma'aikatan agajin gaggawa. Idan manyan motoci suna buƙatar shiga, ana iya ɗaga kujerun da ke saman ramin da kusan {{convert|25|ft|m|1}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={B0531F7F-9461-406D-81A9-ACA2AF687CC9} |title=Virtual Tour – Player's Tunnel |access-date=7 February 2008 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210194219/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7BB0531F7F-9461-406D-81A9-ACA2AF687CC9%7D |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}</ref> Ramin yana kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan canza kaya na ’yan wasa ta yankin tattaunawar talabijin, sannan zuwa ɗakin hutun ’yan wasa. An sake gyara ɗakunan canza kaya na ƙungiyar gida da ta baƙi kafin kakar 2018–19, sannan an faɗaɗa tare da raba hanyar da ke kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan biyu domin a raba ƙungiyoyin da ke fafatawa da juna.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Sam|last=Wallace|title=Old Trafford dressing-room layout changed to avoid repeat of Manchester derby tunnel fracas|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/08/28/old-trafford-dressing-room-layout-changed-avoid-repeat-manchester/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/08/28/old-trafford-dressing-room-layout-changed-avoid-repeat-manchester/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=The Telegraph|date=28 August 2018|access-date=28 August 2018|issn=0307-1235}}{{cbignore}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Afrilu 2016, an sauya sunan South Stand zuwa Sir Bobby Charlton Stand kafin fara wasan Premier League na gida da Everton, domin girmama tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Bobby Charlton, wanda ya fara bugawa Manchester United wasa shekaru 60 da suka gabata.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-35953846 |title=Sir Bobby Charlton stand unveiled at Old Trafford |website=BBC News |date=3 April 2016 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404015116/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-35953846 |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2016/Feb/South-Stand-at-Old-Trafford-renamed-Sir-Bobby-Charlton-Stand.aspx |title=South Stand at Old Trafford to be renamed after Sir Bobby Charlton |publisher=Manchester United |website=ManUtd.com |date=15 February 2016 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322034948/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2016/Feb/South-Stand-at-Old-Trafford-renamed-Sir-Bobby-Charlton-Stand.aspx |archive-date=22 March 2016 }}</ref> ===West Stand=== {{main|Stretford End}} [[File:Stretford End, Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|The West Stand, with its mosaic of seats displaying the stand's colloquial name]] Wataƙila West Stand shi ne ɗakin kallo da aka fi sani a Old Trafford, wanda kuma ake kira Stretford End. A al'ada, wannan ɗakin kallo shi ne wurin da manyan magoya bayan United suke zama, kuma su ne waɗanda suka fi yin hayaniya.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Moore |title=Football: You only sing when you're standing |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |publisher=Independent, The |location=London |date=19 November 1996 |access-date=22 August 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111161044/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 }}</ref> Da farko an tsara Stretford End domin ɗaukar magoya baya 20,000, kuma shi ne ɗakin kallo na ƙarshe da aka yi wa rufi, sannan kuma shi ne ɗakin kallo na ƙarshe da ya kasance da wuraren tsayawa kawai a filin kafin tilasta sauya shi zuwa kujeru a farkon shekarun 1990. Alfred McAlpine ne ya gudanar da sake gina Stretford End, wanda aka yi a lokacin kakar 1992–93.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alfred McAlpine wins £7.2m contract to redevelop Stretford End at Manchester United FC's stadium |url=http://www.cnplus.co.uk/News/1992/05/28may92_uk_alfred_mcalpine_wins_72m_contract_to_redevelop_stretford_end_at_manchester_united_fcs_stadium.html |publisher=The Construction News |date=28 May 1992 |access-date=21 August 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064125/http://www.cnplus.co.uk/News/1992/05/28may92_uk_alfred_mcalpine_wins_72m_contract_to_redevelop_stretford_end_at_manchester_united_fcs_stadium.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Lokacin da aka ƙara mataki na biyu zuwa Stretford End a shekarar 2000, magoya baya da yawa daga tsohon K Stand sun koma wurin, kuma suka yanke shawarar rataya tutoci da alamomi a kan shingen da ke gaban matakin. Stretford End ya yi matuƙar shiga cikin al'adun Manchester United, har Denis Law ya samu laƙabin "Sarkin Stretford End", kuma yanzu akwai mutum-mutuminsa a kan hanyar shiga ta matakin sama na ɗakin kallon.<ref>{{cite web |title=Denis Law |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/Legends/Denis-Law.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228095205/http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/Legends/Denis-Law.aspx |archive-date=28 December 2010 }}</ref> ===East Stand=== [[File:Munich air disaster plaque.jpg|thumb|left|Allon tunawa a Old Trafford da aka kafa domin girmama waɗanda suka mutu a bala'in jirgin sama na Munich]] [[File:The East Stand – Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|left|East Stand kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand)]] East Stand na Old Trafford shi ne na biyu da aka sauya zuwa rufin cantilever, bayan Sir Alex Ferguson Stand. Haka kuma ana kiransa da Scoreboard End, saboda a nan ne allon sakamakon yake. East Stand a halin yanzu yana iya ɗaukar kusan magoya baya 12,000,<ref name="manutdzone"/> kuma a nan ne ɓangaren magoya bayan masu nakasa da ɓangaren magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi suke; an yi gwaji a kakar 2011–12 na mayar da magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi zuwa mataki na uku na Sir Alex Ferguson Stand, amma ba a samu damar tantance sakamakon gwajin cikin lokaci ba domin a mayar da canjin na dindindin a kakar 2012–13.<ref>{{cite news |title=Away fans won't move |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2012/May/away-fans-relocation-on-hold.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=22 May 2012 |access-date=22 May 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525215719/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2012/May/away-fans-relocation-on-hold.aspx |archive-date=25 May 2012 }}</ref> Sashen magoya bayan masu nakasa yana da wurare har zuwa magoya baya 170, tare da kujeru kyauta ga masu kula da su. A da an raba Old Trafford zuwa sassa, inda aka ba kowane sashe harafin baƙaƙe bisa jere. Duk da cewa kowane sashe yana da harafi, K Stand ne aka fi ambata a yau. Magoya bayan K Stand sun shahara da goyon bayansu mai ƙarfi ga ƙungiyar ta hanyar ihu da waƙoƙi da dama, duk da cewa da yawa daga cikinsu sun koma mataki na biyu na Stretford End.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Moore |title=Football: You only sing when you're standing |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |location=London |date=19 November 1996 |access-date=8 February 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111161044/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 }}</ref> [[File:Mégastore Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|Shagon megastore na Manchester United yana cikin East Stand na Old Trafford]] East Stand yana da bangon gilashi mai duhu, wanda a bayansa ne cibiyar gudanarwa ta ƙungiyar take. Waɗannan ofisoshin su ne wurin ma'aikatan Inside United, mujallar Manchester United ta hukuma, shafin yanar gizon ƙungiyar na hukuma, da sauran sassan gudanarwa. Ana yawan sanya hotuna da tallace-tallace a gaban East Stand, galibi don tallata kayayyaki da ayyukan da masu ɗaukar nauyin ƙungiyar ke samarwa, amma an nuna girmamawa ga Busby Babes a watan Fabrairu 2008 domin tunawa da cikar shekaru 50 da bala'in jirgin sama na Munich. A saman megastore akwai mutum-mutumin Sir Matt Busby, wanda shi ne manajan da ya fi kowa tsawon lokaci a Manchester United har zuwa lokacin da Sir Alex Ferguson ya zarce shi a shekarar 2010. Haka kuma akwai allon tunawa da waɗanda suka mutu a bala'in jirgin sama na Munich a ƙarshen kudancin East Stand, yayin da Munich Clock yake a mahadar East Stand da South Stand.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2008, domin bikin cikar shekaru 40 da lashe kofin Turai na farko na Manchester United, an bayyana mutum-mutumin "United Trinity" na "tsarkakakkiyar uku" na ƙungiyar, wato George Best, Denis Law da Bobby Charlton, a gefen Sir Matt Busby Way daga East Stand, kai tsaye gaban mutum-mutumin Busby.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=United Trinity honoured |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2008/May/United-Trinity-honoured.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=29 May 2008 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625044609/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2008/May/United-Trinity-honoured.aspx |archive-date=25 June 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 'trinity' statue unveiled |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7426075.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=29 May 2008 |access-date=30 May 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218182528/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7426075.stm |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> [[File:Sir Matt Busby Statue.jpg|thumb|left|160px|alt=Mutum-mutumin tagulla na wani mutum mai sanko sanye da kwat. Hannunsa na dama yana kan ƙugunsa na dama, yayin da yake riƙe da ƙwallon ƙafa a gefen ƙugunsa na hagu.|Mutum-mutumin Sir Matt Busby da ke kallon filin da ke gaban East Stand]] Shagon Manchester United ya samu wurare daban-daban guda shida tun lokacin da aka fara buɗe shi. Da farko, ƙaramin bukka ne kusa da layin dogo da ke tafiya kusa da filin. Daga nan aka mayar da shagon zuwa gefen South Stand, inda aka fara a wurin da ke kishiyar hanyar shigar magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi, sannan aka mayar da shi zuwa ginin da daga baya ya zama ofishin sayar da kayayyakin ƙungiyar. Ƙaruwa cikin shaharar ƙungiyar a farkon shekarun 1990 ta sa aka sake mayar da shagon, a wannan karon zuwa filin gaban West Stand. Wannan sauyin ya zo da babbar faɗaɗa, tare da sauya ƙaramin shagon zuwa "megastore". Alex Ferguson ya buɗe sabon megastore a ranar 3 ga Disamba 1994.<ref>White (2008), p. 319</ref> Sauye-sauyen wurin na baya-bayan nan sun faru a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, yayin da West Stand ke buƙatar sarari domin faɗaɗa zuwa mataki na biyu, wanda hakan ya sa aka rushe megastore. An mayar da shagon zuwa wani wuri na wucin gadi da ke kishiyar East Stand, kafin daga baya ya samu wurin dindindin mai faɗin {{convert|17000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} a ƙasan East Stand da aka faɗaɗa a shekarar 2000.<ref>Mitten, p. 137</ref> Nike, mai ɗaukar nauyin kayan wasannin United, ne ya mallaki sararin megastore, kuma ya gudanar da shagon har zuwa ƙarshen yarjejeniyar ɗaukar nauyinsu a ƙarshen Yuli 2015, lokacin da mallakar shagon ta koma ga ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bates |title=Manchester United planning military-style operation to purge Old Trafford of Nike branding |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-united-planning-military-style-operation-5545047 |website=Mirror Online |publisher=MGN |date=18 April 2015 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108115745/https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-united-planning-military-style-operation-5545047 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Filin wasa da kewayensa=== [[File:United Trinity.jpg|thumb|upright|left|''The United Trinity'', mutum-mutumin "tsarkakakkiyar uku" na Manchester United, wato Best, Law da Charlton]] Filin wasan yana da tsawon kusan {{convert|105|m|yd}} da faɗinsa kusan {{convert|68|m|yd}},<ref name="cap2022"/> tare da wasu mita kaɗan na sararin da ke kewaye da filin a kowane gefe. Tsakiyar filin tana da kusan inci tara sama da gefuna, wanda ke taimaka wa ruwan saman gudana daga filin cikin sauƙi. Kamar yadda yake a filayen wasa na zamani da dama, akwai tsarin dumama na ƙarƙashin ƙasa da ke {{convert|10|in|cm}} ƙarƙashin filin, wanda ya ƙunshi bututun roba masu tsawon {{convert|23|mi|km|0}}.<ref name="pitch">White (2007), p. 17</ref> Tsohon manajan ƙungiyar Alex Ferguson ya kan nemi a sake shimfiɗa filin,<ref>{{cite news |first=Alan |last=Nixon |title=Football: FA charges Neville as United tear up pitch |work=The Independent |location=London |date=30 January 2001}}</ref> musamman a tsakiyar kakar 1998–99, lokacin da ƙungiyar ta lashe Treble, kuma kowane irin wannan aiki yana kashe kusan £250,000. Ana shayar da ciyawar Old Trafford akai-akai, amma ana rage yawan shayarwar a ranakun da ake ruwa, sannan ana yanke ciyawar sau uku a mako tsakanin Afrilu da Nuwamba, da sau ɗaya a mako daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris.<ref name="pitch"/> [[File:Old Trafford clock.jpg|thumb|upright|Hasumiyar agogon Hublot a filin ajiye motoci na Old Trafford mai lamba E1]] A tsakiyar shekarun 1980, lokacin da Manchester United Football Club ke da Manchester Giants, ƙungiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando ta Manchester, an yi shirin gina wani filin wasa na cikin gida mai kujeru 9,000 a wurin da yanzu yake Car Park E1. Sai dai shugaban ƙungiyar a lokacin, Martin Edwards, bai da isassun kuɗaɗe don gudanar da irin wannan aikin, kuma daga ƙarshe aka sayar da ƙungiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando.<ref>Mitten, p. 122</ref> A watan Agusta 2009, filin ajiye motoci ya zama wurin hasumiyar agogon Hublot, wato hasumiya mai tsayin {{convert|10|m|ft|0|adj=mid|-tall}} mai siffar tambarin Hublot, wadda ke ɗauke da fuskokin agogo huɗu masu diamita {{convert|2|m|ft|frac=2|spell=in|adj=mid}}, mafi girman irin agogon da kamfanin ya taɓa ƙera.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hublot clock unveiled |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2009/Aug/Hublot-clock-unveiled.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=28 August 2009 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003180702/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2009/Aug/Hublot-clock-unveiled.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> Gefen gabashin filin wasan kuma shi ne wurin Hotel Football, wani otal mai jigon ƙwallon ƙafa da gidan taruwar magoya baya, wanda tsohon kyaftin ɗin Manchester United Gary Neville ya tsara. Ginin yana gefen gabashin Sir Matt Busby Way, kuma a ɗayan gefen Bridgewater Canal daga filin wasan yake, kuma yana iya ɗaukar magoya baya har 1,500. An buɗe shi a lokacin bazarar shekarar 2015. An gudanar da wannan harkar daban da ƙungiyar, kuma an samu wani ɓangare na kuɗin ta daga kuɗin da aka samu daga wasan girmamawa na Neville.<ref>{{cite news |first=Gemma |last=Thompson |title=Neville launches fans' HQ |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2011/May/Nevilles-supporters-club-vision.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=17 May 2011 |access-date=11 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110712203325/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2011/May/Nevilles-supporters-club-vision.aspx |archive-date=12 July 2011 }}</ref> ==Makoma== A shekarar 2009, an ruwaito cewa Manchester United na ci gaba da riƙe da shirye-shiryen ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane na filin wasan, inda mataki na gaba yake nuni da sake gina Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda, sabanin sauran sassan filin, har yanzu yana da mataki guda. Sake yin irin faɗaɗawar da aka yi wa Sir Alex Ferguson Stand da kuma sassan Arewa maso Gabas da Arewa maso Yamma zai iya ƙara ƙarfin filin zuwa kimanin 95,000, wanda zai sa ya fi Wembley Stadium (90,000) girman ɗaukar 'yan kallo.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news |title=Manchester United set to make Old Trafford bigger than Wembley |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/manutd/5276996/Manchester-United-set-to-make-Old-Trafford-bigger-than-Wembley.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=5 May 2009 |access-date=5 May 2009 |location=London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509083613/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/manutd/5276996/Manchester-United-set-to-make-Old-Trafford-bigger-than-Wembley.html |archive-date=9 May 2009 }}</ref> Ana hasashen irin wannan aikin zai kashe kusan £100 miliyan, saboda kusancin layin dogo da ke gefen filin wasan, da kuma buƙatar gina a samansa, wanda hakan zai sa a sayi gidaje har 50 a ɗayan gefen layin dogon.<ref name="manutdzone"/> Duk da haka, manajan kadarorin rukunin Manchester United ya tabbatar da cewa akwai shirye-shiryen faɗaɗa filin, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ribar da aka samu daga kadarorin ƙungiyar a kewayen Manchester, yana cewa: "Akwai wani tsari na dabaru na filin wasan ... ba manufarmu ba ce mu tsaya cak."<ref>{{cite news |title=United scoring in property market |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/property/united-scoring-in-property-market-918142 |work=Manchester Evening News |publisher=MEN Media |date=12 January 2013 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=6 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206025630/https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/property/united-scoring-in-property-market-918142 |url-status=live }}</ref> A watan Maris 2016, shekaru goma bayan sake ginin da ya gabata, an sake fara magana kan sake gina Sir Bobby Charlton Stand. Domin cika ƙa'idojin samun damar shiga filin ga kowa, an kashe £11 miliyan wajen inganta kayan aiki, inda aka samar da sabbin wuraren keken guragu 118 da sabbin kujerun jin daɗi 158 a wurare daban-daban a filin, tare da sabon babban filin taruwa da aka gina musamman a bayan Stretford End.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Alice |last=Richardson |title=Manchester United spend £11m to double Old Trafford disabled seating |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/manchester-united-spend-11m-double-17573771 |date=15 January 2020 |access-date=29 July 2020 |work=Manchester Evening News |publisher=MEN Media |archive-date=28 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728152108/https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/manchester-united-spend-11m-double-17573771 |url-status=live }}</ref> An kiyasta cewa ƙara wuraren zama ga magoya bayan masu nakasa zai rage jimillar ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane da kusan 3,000. Domin rage tasirin wannan raguwar, an yi la'akari da tsare-tsaren faɗaɗawa daban-daban, kamar ƙara mataki na biyu ga Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda zai sa tsayinsa ya yi kama da Sir Alex Ferguson Stand da ke kishiyarsa amma ba tare da mataki na uku ba, tare da ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane zuwa kusan 80,000. Sake gina ɗakunan kallo na kusurwoyi a ɗayan gefen filin zai ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane zuwa 88,000 tare da ƙara yawan wuraren gudanarwa. Gidaje da ke Railway Road da kuma layin dogo kansa sun taɓa hana inganta Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, amma rushe gidajen da kuma ci gaban fasahar injiniya na nufin yanzu za a iya gina ƙarin matakin da ƙaramin kuɗi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mitten |first=Andy |title=Manchester United consider expanding Old Trafford capacity to hold 80,000 |url=http://www.espnfc.co.uk/club/manchester-united/360/blog/post/2838728/manchester-united-consider-expanding-old-trafford-capacity |work=ESPN FC |publisher=ESPN |date=28 March 2016 |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503123425/http://www.espnfc.co.uk/club/manchester-united/360/blog/post/2838728/manchester-united-consider-expanding-old-trafford-capacity |archive-date=3 May 2016 }}</ref> A shekarar 2018, an ruwaito cewa an dakatar da shirye-shiryen saboda matsalolin gudanar da aikin. Girman aikin da ake buƙata yana nufin cewa duk wani sake gini mai yiwuwa zai ɗauki lokutan wasanni da dama, saboda buƙatar sanya manyan injuna a wuraren filin da a halin yanzu ba a iya shiga ko kuma magoya baya suke amfani da su a ranakun wasa, da kuma kasancewar ɗakin kallon yana ɗauke da ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakunan manema labarai da ɗakunan talabijin. Daraktan gudanarwa na ƙungiyar Richard Arnold ya ce "ba tabbas ba ne cewa akwai hanyar yin hakan ba tare da barin mu ba tare da gida ba." Wannan yana nufin cewa Manchester United za ta bar Old Trafford na tsawon lokacin aikin – kuma yayin da Tottenham Hotspur ta iya amfani da Wembley Stadium a matsayin filin tsaka-tsaki na tsawon kaka biyu yayin da ake gina sabon filinta, {{original research span|filayen wasa masu girman da za a iya kwatantawa da Old Trafford da ke kusa da shi su ne na abokan hamayyar gida Manchester City, City of Manchester Stadium, ko kuma wataƙila Anfield, filin Liverpool, abokan hamayyar tarihi, kuma babu ɗayansu da ake ganin zai dace.|date=September 2025}}<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Man Utd: Sir Bobby Charlton Stand work at Old Trafford not imminent |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43740013 |work=BBC Sport |date=12 April 2018 |access-date=25 October 2019 |archive-date=25 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025225348/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43740013 |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2021, mataimakin shugaban Manchester United Joel Glazer ya bayyana a wani taron Fans Forum cewa "an fara aikin tsare-tsare na matakin farko" domin sake gina Old Trafford da filin atisayen ƙungiyar na Carrington. Wannan ya biyo bayan "ƙaruwar suka" kan rashin ci gaban filin tun shekarar 2006.<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Manchester United in discussions over major redevelopment of Old Trafford |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59020785 |website=BBC Sport |date=23 October 2021 |access-date=7 December 2021 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207172335/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59020785 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ƙungiyar tana la'akari da rushe filin wasan na yanzu tare da gina sabon filin gaba ɗaya a wannan wuri, amma an bayyana cewa wannan shi ne "zaɓin da ba a fi tsammani ba".<ref>{{cite news |first=Jamie |last=Jackson |title=Manchester United considering Old Trafford demolition as part of revamp |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/mar/14/manchester-united-considering-old-trafford-demolition-as-part-of-revamp |work=The Guardian |date=14 March 2022 |access-date=24 March 2022 |archive-date=15 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315070757/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/mar/14/manchester-united-considering-old-trafford-demolition-as-part-of-revamp |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2024, an ruwaito cewa Sir Jim Ratcliffe, wanda ke da kaso 25 cikin 100 na hannun jarin Manchester United, yana son a rushe Old Trafford a gina wani "Wembley na Arewa" a wannan wuri, wanda wataƙila shirin Levelling Up na gwamnatin Birtaniya zai tallafa wa kuɗinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=England: Rise of "Wembley of the North |url=https://stadiumdb.com/news/2024/02/england_rise_of_wembley_of_the_north |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=stadiumdb.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Maris 2025, Manchester United ta tabbatar da shirinta na maye gurbin Old Trafford da sabon filin wasa mai kujeru 100,000, wanda Foster and Partners za su tsara a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shirin sake bunƙasa yankin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/statement-man-utd-confirms-ambition-to-build-a-new-stadium-at-old-trafford|title=Man Utd confirms ambition to build a new stadium|website=www.manutd.com}}</ref> ==Sauran amfani== ===Rugby league=== [[File:Rhinos2008.jpg|thumb|[[Leeds Rhinos]] suna murnar nasarar da suka samu a [[2008 Super League Grand Final]] a kan [[St Helens R.F.C.|St Helens]].]] Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rugby football iri biyu, kodayake ana yawan buga rugby league a wurin fiye da rugby union. Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin dukkan wasannin ƙarshe na [[Rugby League Premiership]] tun daga [[1986–87 Rugby League Premiership|kakar 1986–87]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/news/10717989.memories-of-1987-old-trafford-clash-with-wigan/|title=Memories of 1987 Old Trafford clash with Wigan|website=Warrington Guardian|date=4 October 2013 |access-date=19 October 2020|archive-date=20 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020223857/https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/news/10717989.memories-of-1987-old-trafford-clash-with-wigan/|url-status=live}}</ref> baya ga gasar da ta gaje ta, wato [[Super League Grand Final]], tun daga 1998.<ref>{{cite news |title=Super League Grand Final: Old Trafford continues as host venue until 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/41413157 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=27 September 2017 |access-date=27 September 2017 |archive-date=28 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928194912/http://web.archive.org/web/20170928194912/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/41413157 |url-status=live }}</ref> An buga wasan league na farko a Old Trafford a watan Nuwamba 1958, inda [[Salford Red Devils|Salford]] ta kara da [[Leeds Rhinos|Leeds]] a ƙarƙashin fitilun haske a gaban ‘yan kallo 8,000.<ref name="miscellany"/> An buga wasan gwaji na rugby league na farko a Old Trafford a 1986, lokacin da [[Australia national rugby league team|Australia]] ta doke [[Great Britain national rugby league team|Great Britain]] da ci 38–16 a gaban mutane 50,583, a wasan gwaji na farko na [[1986 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France|rangadin Kangaroo na 1986]].<ref name="mccartney_94">McCartney (1996), p. 94</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Sean |last=Fagan |title=Kangaroo Tour: 1986 |url=http://www.rl1908.com/Kangaroos/1986.htm |publisher=RL1908.com |year=2006 |access-date=23 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091031091519/http://www.rl1908.com/Kangaroos/1986.htm |archive-date=31 October 2009 }}</ref> An buga [[1989 World Club Challenge]] a Old Trafford a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1989, inda ‘yan kallo 30,768 suka kalli [[Widnes Vikings|Widnes]] ta doke [[Canberra Raiders]] da ci 30–18.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.superleague.co.uk/wcc_1989-90.php?rid=321 |title=Carnegie World Club Challenge 1989–90 |access-date=15 March 2009 |work=superleague.co.uk |publisher=Super League |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090306132323/http://www.superleague.co.uk/wcc_1989-90.php?rid=321 <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archive-date=6 March 2009}}</ref> Old Trafford kuma ya karɓi bakuncin wasan gwaji na biyu tsakanin Great Britain da Australia na [[The Ashes (rugby league)|The Ashes]] a rangadin [[1990 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France|1990]] da [[1994 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France|1994]] na [[Kangaroo Tour]]. Filin wasan ya kuma karɓi bakuncin wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin [[England national rugby league team|England]] da [[Wales national rugby league team|Wales]] a [[1995 Rugby League World Cup]]; England ta yi nasara da ci 25–10 a gaban mutane 30,042. Wasan rugby league na ƙasa da ƙasa na ƙarshe da aka buga a Old Trafford a shekarun 1990 ya ga Great Britain ta samu nasararta ɗaya tilo a kan Australia a wannan filin a 1997, a wasan gwaji na biyu na [[Super League Test series]], a gaban magoya baya 40,324. [[File:Betfred 2017 Super League Grand Final 018 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[2017 Super League Grand Final]] a Old Trafford]] Lokacin da Great Britain, Ireland da Faransa suka karɓi bakuncin [[Rugby League World Cup]] a [[2000 Rugby League World Cup|2000]], an zaɓi Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da wasan ƙarshe; Australia da New Zealand ne suka fafata, kuma Australia ta yi nasara da ci 40–12 a gaban mutane 44,329.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://origin-www.rlwc2008.twiihosting.net/about/pastwinners.aspx?article=2000 |title=Past Winners – 2000 |access-date=15 March 2009 |year=2008 |work=Official Website of Rugby League World Cup 2008 |publisher=BigPond |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080531070912/http://origin-www.rlwc2008.twiihosting.net/about/pastwinners.aspx?article=2000 |archive-date=31 May 2008 }}</ref> An kuma zaɓi Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na [[2013 Rugby League World Cup]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Rugby League World Cup: Old Trafford to host 2013 final |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/17937057 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 May 2012 |access-date=24 September 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505180415/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/rugby-league/17937057 |archive-date=5 May 2012 }}</ref> An buga wasan a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, inda [[Australia national rugby league team|Australia]] ta doke zakarun da ke kare kambunsu, [[New Zealand national rugby league team|New Zealand]], da ci 34–2, kuma ya jawo hankalin ‘yan kallo 74,468, wanda ya kasance tarihin duniya na wasan rugby league na ƙasa da ƙasa.<ref>{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Fletcher |title=Rugby League World Cup 2013: New Zealand 2–34 Australia |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/25168674 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 November 2013 |access-date=2 December 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202124614/http://web.archive.org/web/20131202124614/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/rugby-league/25168674 |archive-date=2 December 2013 }}</ref> A lokacin wasan, ɗan wasan gefen Australia [[Brett Morris]] ya yi mummunan karo da allunan tallace-tallace a Stretford End, lamarin da ya ƙara nuna tambayoyin da aka yi kafin wasan game da amincin Old Trafford a matsayin filin rugby league, musamman ƙarancin yankunan da ke bayan layin ƙwallo da gangaren da ke kewaye da gefen filin.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kangaroos have Old Trafford safety worries for Rugby League World Cup final against New Zealand |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-11-30/kangaroos-have-old-trafford-safety-worries/5126620 |work=ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) |date=30 November 2013 |access-date=1 August 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808053736/http://web.archive.org/web/20140808053736/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-11-30/kangaroos-have-old-trafford-safety-worries/5126620 |archive-date=8 August 2014 }}</ref> A watan Janairu 2019, an zaɓi Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin ƙarshe na [[2021 Rugby League World Cup]], inda aka buga wasan ƙarshe na [[2021 Men's Rugby League World Cup final|maza]] da na [[2021 Women's Rugby League World Cup final|mata]] a rana ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Aaron |last=Bower |title=Old Trafford to host men's and women's finals of 2021 Rugby League World Cup |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/jan/29/rugby-league-world-cup-2021-venues-old-trafford-emirates |work=The Guardian |date=29 January 2019 |access-date=25 March 2020 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=23 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023124537/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/jan/29/rugby-league-world-cup-2021-venues-old-trafford-emirates |url-status=live }}</ref> Australia ta doke Samoa da ci 30–10 a gaban mutane 67,502, inda ta lashe kambunta na 12. Saboda [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom|annobar COVID-19]], shekarar 2020 ita ce shekarar farko da Old Trafford bai karɓi bakuncin Super League Grand Final ba, saboda damuwar cewa za a iya sake tsara [[2020 Super League Grand Final|wasan]], abin da Manchester United ba za ta iya samar da damar yi ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=O'Brien |title=Hull considered as potential Grand Final host as Super League searches for Old Trafford alternative |url=https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/hull-super-league-grand-final-4615875 |website=HullLive |publisher=Local World |date=17 October 2020 |access-date=15 April 2021 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624021525/https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/hull-super-league-grand-final-4615875 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Rugby union=== An buga wasan rugby union na farko a Old Trafford ne a lokacin [[1924–25 New Zealand rugby union tour of Britain, Ireland and France]], lokacin da wata ƙungiyar wakilan Lancashire ta karɓi bakuncin [[New Zealand national rugby union team|ƙungiyar ƙasar New Zealand]], yayin da Manchester United ta karɓi kashi 20 cikin 100 na kuɗin shiga daga ƙofar filin.<ref name="mccartney_17"/><ref>{{cite web | url=https://bid.mullocksauctions.co.uk/past-auctions/srmu10068/lot-details/8c40bc2f-f012-4b6b-983f-a7860112258c | title=Rare 1924 Lancashire v New Zealand All Blacks Invincibles rugby programme - played at Manchester }}</ref> Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan rugby union na ƙasa da ƙasa na farko a 1997, lokacin da [[New Zealand national rugby union team|New Zealand]] ta doke [[England national rugby union team|England]] da ci 25–8. An sake buga wani wasa a Old Trafford a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2009,<ref>{{cite news |title=England to play at Old Trafford |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/rugby_union/english/7867120.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 February 2009 |access-date=3 February 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206085939/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/english/7867120.stm |archive-date=6 February 2009 }}</ref> lokacin da England ta doke [[Argentina national rugby union team|Argentina]] da ci 37–15.<ref>{{cite news |title=England 37–15 Argentina |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/english/8085872.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=6 June 2009 |access-date=7 June 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090606171212/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/english/8085872.stm |archive-date=6 June 2009 }}</ref> Filin wasan na ɗaya daga cikin filayen wasa 12 da aka tabbatar za su karɓi bakuncin wasannin [[2015 Rugby World Cup]]; duk da haka, a watan Afrilu 2013 United ta janye daga yarjejeniyar saboda damuwa game da ingancin filin wasa da kuma rashin son lalata dangantakarsu da wasan rugby mai ‘yan wasa 13.<ref>{{cite news |title=England will host 2015 World Cup |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/8170488.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=28 July 2009 |access-date=15 September 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803080622/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/rugby_union/8170488.stm |archive-date=3 August 2009 }}</ref> ===Sauran wasanni=== Kafin gina filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Old Trafford, an yi amfani da wurin wajen wasannin [[shinty]], wasan gargajiya na tsaunukan Scotland.<ref name="shinty">{{cite news|url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article1431145.ece |title=Top football clubs played host to Scots sport of shinty |work=The Independent |date=9 September 2006 |access-date=23 August 2007 |location=London |first=Ian |last=Herbert |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927181714/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article1431145.ece |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref> A lokacin [[World War I|Yaƙin Duniya na Farko]], sojojin Amurka sun yi amfani da filin wajen wasannin baseball.<ref name="miscellany">Mitten p. 138</ref> A watan Yuli 1927, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan baje koli na tennis tsakanin zakarar Olympics ta Faransa kuma wadda ta lashe Grand Slam, [[Suzanne Lenglen]], da ‘yar wasan [[British Ceylon]] [[Evelyn Dewhurst]]. Lenglen ta doke Dewhurst da ci 6–0, 6–2 a gaban ‘yan kallo sama da 15,000.<ref>Manchester United Museum</ref> A ranar 17 ga Satumba 1981, an buga sashen Arewa na gasar [[cricket]] ta [[Lambert & Butler Floodlit Competition]] a wurin; a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, [[Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club|Nottinghamshire]] ta doke [[Derbyshire County Cricket Club|Derbyshire]], yayin da [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] ta doke [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]], kafin Lancashire ta doke Nottinghamshire da gudu 8 a wasan ƙarshe, ta samu gurbin shiga wasan ƙarshe na ƙasa, wanda aka buga tsakanin sauran waɗanda suka yi nasara a yankuna a [[Stamford Bridge (stadium)|Stamford Bridge]] washegari.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lambert and Butler Floodlit Competition 1981 |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/5/Lambert_and_Butler_Floodlit_Competition_1981.html |publisher=CricketArchive |access-date=3 June 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705031950/http://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/5/Lambert_and_Butler_Floodlit_Competition_1981.html |archive-date=5 July 2014 }}</ref> A watan Oktoba 1993, an gudanar da fafatawar haɗa kambunan [[World Boxing Council|WBC]] da [[World Boxing Organization|WBO]] ta nauyin Super-Middleweight a filin, inda kusan mutane 42,000 suka biya kuɗi domin kallon zakaran WBO [[Chris Eubank]] yana fafatawa da zakaran WBC [[Nigel Benn]].<ref>McCartney (1996), p. 74</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=Boxing's big night at OT |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2013/Oct/old-trafford-hosted-nigel-benn-chris-eubank-fight-on-this-day-in-1993.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=9 October 2013 |access-date=10 October 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009131627/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2013/Oct/old-trafford-hosted-nigel-benn-chris-eubank-fight-on-this-day-in-1993.aspx |archive-date=9 October 2013 }}</ref> ===Wasannin kide-kide da sauran ayyuka=== Baya ga amfani da filin wajen wasanni, an gudanar da kide-kide da dama a Old Trafford, inda manyan mawaka kamar [[Bon Jovi]], [[Genesis (band)|Genesis]], [[Bruce Springsteen]], [[Status Quo (band)|Status Quo]], [[Rod Stewart]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Good pitches make for good matches|newspaper=New Sunday Times|location=Kuala Lumpur|date=22 March 1992|page=20|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nZ1YAAAAIBAJ&pg=6796%2C500514|first=Alex|last=Ferguson|author-link=Alex Ferguson|access-date=8 January 2015|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204135227/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nZ1YAAAAIBAJ&pg=6796%2C500514|url-status=live}}</ref> da [[Simply Red]] suka yi wasanni a wurin. An ɗauki wani shiri na ''[[Songs of Praise]]'' a wurin a watan Satumba 1994.<ref name="miscellany"/> Ana kuma amfani da Old Trafford akai-akai wajen ayyuka na musamman, musamman bukukuwan aure, bukukuwan Kirsimeti da tarukan kasuwanci.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events.aspx |title=Conferences & Events |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228002452/http://web.archive.org/web/20101228002452/http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events.aspx |archive-date=28 December 2010 }}</ref> An gudanar da bikin aure na farko a filin a Premier Suite a watan Fabrairu 1996.<ref name="mccartney_94"/> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|2}} atpldffptduohijlli8xbhnlpzf4u9o 961799 961798 2026-10-02T07:27:31Z Sirjat 20447 /* Wasannin kide-kide da sauran ayyuka */ 961799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Filin wasa na Old Trafford''' / / ˈtræfərd / ) filin wasa ne [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|na ƙwallon ƙafa]] a yankin Old Trafford na Greater Manchester, Ingila. Shi ne gidan [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] . Da yake ɗaukar 'yan kallo 74,158, shi ne mafi girman filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kulob a Burtaniya, kuma shine na goma sha ɗaya mafi girma a Turai . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Manchester Sightseeing Bus Tours |url=http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716025339/http://www.manchesterbustours.co.uk/manchester-united |archive-date=16 July 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Yana da kusan rabin mil (mita 800) daga filin wasan kurket na Old Trafford da kuma tashar tram da ke kusa. An yi wa filin wasa na Old Trafford lakabi da "Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Mafarkai" ta [[Bobby Charlton]], Old Trafford ya kasance gidan United tun 1910, kodayake daga 1941 zuwa 1949 kulob din ya raba Maine Road da abokan hamayyarsa na gida [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] saboda Blitz . An yi faɗaɗa filin wasa na Old Trafford sau da yawa a shekarun 1990 da 2000, ciki har da ƙara ƙarin matakai zuwa ga North, West da East Stands, kusan ya mayar da filin wasan zuwa matsayinsa na asali na ɗaukar 'yan kallo 80,000 a 2006, daga kusan 44,000 a 1993, bayan an mayar da shi filin wasa mai kujerun zama duka . Idan aka ƙara faɗaɗawa, akwai yiwuwar ƙara wani mataki na biyu a South Stand, wanda zai ƙara yawan 'yan wasa zuwa kusan 88,000, kodayake an yi wasu shawarwari don gina sabon filin wasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An yi rikodin yawan masu halartar filin wasan a shekarar 1939, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,962 suka kalli wasan kusa da na karshe [[FA Cup|na Kofin FA]] tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town . Old Trafford ta karbi bakuncin wasan karshe na cin kofin FA, zagaye na biyu na karshe kuma ana amfani da shi akai-akai a matsayin wurin tsaka-tsaki don wasannin kusa da na karshe na gasar. Ta kuma dauki nauyin wasannin Ingila, da wasannin da aka buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966, da gasar UEFA Euro ta 1996, da gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 da kuma gasar UEFA ta mata ta Euro ta 2022 . Filin wasan ya kuma dauki bakuncin wasan karshe na gasar zakarun Turai ta 2003 . A wajen ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da filin wasan a wasu lokutan don gasar rugby . Wannan shine wurin da za a yi gasar Super League Grand Final ta shekara-shekara ta Rugby Football League, kuma a da gasar Premiership Final ce, tun daga shekarar 1987. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance wurin da aka shirya gasar cin kofin duniya ta Rugby League sau huɗu - 1995, 2000, 2013, da 2021 (na maza da mata) . ==Tarihi== ===Gini da shekarun farko=== Kafin shekarar 1902, ana kiran Manchester United da Newton Heath, a lokacin da suka fara buga wasanninsu na ƙwallon ƙafa a North Road, sannan daga baya a Bank Street da ke Clayton. Sai dai, filayen biyu suna fama da matsanancin yanayi, inda filayen suka kasance daga tsakuwa zuwa fadama, yayin da Bank Street ke fama da hayaƙin da ke fitowa daga masana'antun da ke makwabtaka da shi.<ref>Murphy, p. 14</ref> Saboda haka, bayan ceto ƙungiyar daga kusan durƙushewar kuɗi da kuma sauya mata suna, sabon shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ya yanke shawara a shekarar 1909 cewa filin Bank Street bai dace da ƙungiyar da ta lashe First Division da FA Cup kwanan nan ba, don haka ya bayar da kuɗi don gina sabon filin wasa.<ref>Murphy, p. 27</ref> Da yake ba ya son kashe kuɗi ba tare da tsari ba, Davies ya binciki wurare daban-daban a Manchester don nemo wurin da ya dace, kafin ya zaɓi wani fili kusa da Bridgewater Canal, kusa da arewacin ƙarshen Warwick Road a Old Trafford.<ref name="mccartney_9">McCartney (1996), p. 9</ref> Wani ɗan gine-gine ɗan Scotland mai suna Archibald Leitch ne ya tsara filin, wanda ya tsara wasu filayen wasa da dama. Da farko an tsara filin da damar ɗaukar 'yan kallo 100,000, tare da kujeru a babban ɓangaren kudu da ke ƙarƙashin rufi, yayin da sauran ɓangarori uku suka kasance wuraren tsayawa ba tare da rufi ba.<ref>Inglis, pp. 234–235</ref> Ciki har da kuɗin sayen filin, an tsara cewa gina filin wasan zai ci jimillar £60,000. Sai dai yayin da farashin ya fara ƙaruwa, cika damar da aka tsara zai ƙara kashe £30,000 fiye da kiyasin farko. Saboda shawarar sakataren ƙungiyar John Bentley, an rage damar ɗaukar filin zuwa kusan 80,000.<ref>White, p. 50</ref><ref>McCartney (1996), p. 13</ref> Duk da haka, a lokacin da kuɗin sayen 'yan wasa suke kusan £1,000, kuɗin gina filin ya ƙara ƙarfafa laƙabin ƙungiyar na "Moneybags United", wanda aka yi mata tun lokacin da Davies ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar.<ref>Inglis, p. 234</ref> A watan Mayu 1908, Archibald Leitch ya rubuta wa Cheshire Lines Committee (CLC) — wanda ke da tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da wurin da aka tsara gina filin ƙwallon ƙafar — domin ƙoƙarin shawo kansu su ba da tallafin gina babban ɗakin kallo da ke gefen layin dogo. Tallafin zai kasance £10,000, wanda za a biya a £2,000 a kowace shekara tsawon shekaru biyar, ko kuma rabin kuɗin shiga daga babban ɗakin kallo a kowace shekara har sai an biya bashin. Sai dai, duk da garantin bashin da ƙungiyar kanta da kuma wasu masana'antun giya biyu na yankin suka bayar, waɗanda shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies ke jagoranta, Cheshire Lines Committee ta ƙi amincewa da shawarar.<ref>McCartney (1996), p. 10</ref> CLC ta shirya gina sabuwar tashar jirgin ƙasa kusa da sabon filin wasan, inda aka yi hasashen samun £2,750 a kowace shekara daga kuɗin sufuri, wanda zai taimaka wajen rage kuɗin gina tashar da ya kai £9,800. An daga baya gina tashar — Trafford Park — amma a wani wuri da ya fi nisa a layin fiye da yadda aka tsara da farko.<ref name="mccartney_9"/> Daga baya CLC ta gina ƙaramar tashar mai dandamali guda ɗaya da aka yi da itace, kusa da filin wasan kai tsaye, kuma aka buɗe ta a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1935. Da farko ana kiranta United Football Ground,<ref>Butt (1995), p. 247</ref> amma aka sauya sunanta zuwa Old Trafford Football Ground a farkon shekarar 1936. A ranakun wasa kawai, jiragen ƙasa masu amfani da tururi daga Manchester Central railway station ne ke kai mata mutane.<ref>Butt, p. 178</ref> A yanzu ana kiranta Manchester United Football Ground.<ref>{{cite web |title=Manchester Utd Football Gd (MUF) |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |publisher=National Rail |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727132532/http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/muf/details.html |archive-date=27 July 2011 }}</ref> Kamfanin Messrs Brameld and Smith na Manchester ne ya gudanar da aikin ginin<ref name="encyclopaedia">Barnes et al., pp. 44–47, 52</ref> kuma an kammala aikin a ƙarshen shekarar 1909. Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 1910, lokacin da United ta karɓi bakuncin Liverpool. Sai dai ƙungiyar gida ta kasa bai wa magoya bayanta nasara a wannan rana, domin Liverpool ta yi nasara da ci 4–3. Sandy Turnbull ne ya ci ƙwallo ta farko da aka taɓa ci a Old Trafford. Wani ɗan jarida da ya halarci wasan ya bayyana filin wasan a matsayin "mafi kyau, mafi faɗi kuma mafi ban mamaki da na taɓa gani. A matsayin filin ƙwallon ƙafa, babu irinsa a duniya, abin alfahari ne ga Manchester da kuma gidan ƙungiyar da za ta iya yin abubuwan al'ajabi idan ta ga dama".<ref>White (2008), p. 50</ref> [[File:Old trafford stadium 1920s.jpg|thumb|Old Trafford a shekarun 1920]] Kafin a gina Wembley Stadium a shekarar 1923, ana gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup a filaye daban-daban a Ingila, ciki har da Old Trafford.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |title=FA Cup Final Venues |access-date=11 September 2016 |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |archive-date=8 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508211237/http://www.thefa.com/thefacup/more/finals |url-status=live }}</ref> Na farko daga cikin waɗannan shi ne wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na 1911 tsakanin Bradford City da Newcastle United, bayan wasan farko a Crystal Palace ya ƙare babu ci bayan karin lokaci. Bradford ta yi nasara da ci 1–0, Jimmy Speirs ne ya ci ƙwallon, a gaban mutane 58,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |title=1911 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064001/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1911.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na biyu da aka gudanar a filin shi ne wasan ƙarshe na 1915 tsakanin Sheffield United da Chelsea. Sheffield United ta yi nasara da ci 3–0 a gaban kusan 'yan kallo 50,000, yawancinsu sojoji ne, wanda ya sa aka yi wa wasan laƙabin "Khaki Cup Final".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |title=1915 FA Cup Final |access-date=4 September 2008 |publisher=fa-cupfinals.co.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060934/http://www.fa-cupfinals.co.uk/1915.html |archive-date=11 March 2007 }}</ref> A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1920, Old Trafford ya karɓi adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu a wasan lig na United, inda 'yan kallo 70,504 suka kalli Red Devils suna rashin nasara da ci 3–1 a hannun Aston Villa.<ref>Murphy, p. 31</ref> Filin ya karɓi bakuncin wasansa na farko na ƙasashen duniya daga baya a wannan shekaru goma, lokacin da Ingila ta sha kashi da ci 1–0 a hannun Scotland a gaban 'yan kallo 49,429 a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1926.<ref name="mccartney_17">McCartney (1996), p. 17</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The OT Story: 1910–1930 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=18 January 2010 |access-date=15 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013184919/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Stadium-Centenary/OT-100-Story/The-OT-Story-1910-1930.aspx?pageNo=4 |archive-date=13 October 2012 }}</ref> Abin mamaki, adadin 'yan kallo mafi yawa a Old Trafford ba a wasan gida na Manchester United aka samu ba. A maimakon haka, a ranar 25 ga Maris 1939, mutane 76,962 ne suka kalli wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na FA Cup tsakanin Wolverhampton Wanderers da Grimsby Town.<ref name="sky_sports">Rollin and Rollin, p. 254–255</ref> ===Harin bam a lokacin yaƙi=== {{multiple image | align = right | direction = horizontal | image1 = Garderobeinngang (old trafford) 1992.JPG | width1 = 147 | alt1 = | image2 = Manchester United (8051528418).jpg | width2 = 160 | alt2 = | footer = Ramin tsakiyar Old Trafford (hagu) shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na 1910 da ya tsira bayan harin bam na filin wasan a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Yanzu ana amfani da ramin kusurwa (dama) wajen da 'yan wasa ke wucewa a ranar wasa. }} A shekarar 1936, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gyaran filin da ya ci £35,000, an ƙara rufi mai tsawon yadi 80 a karon farko a kan United Road stand (wanda yanzu ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson Stand),<ref name="inglis_235">Inglis, p. 235</ref> yayin da aka ƙara rufi a kusurwoyin kudu a shekarar 1938.<ref name="rivalry">Brandon, pp. 179–180</ref> Bayan barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, sojoji sun ƙwace Old Trafford domin amfani da shi a matsayin ma'ajiyar kayayyaki.<ref name="mccartney_20">McCartney (1996), p. 20</ref> An ci gaba da buga ƙwallo a filin, amma wani harin bam na Jamus a Trafford Park a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1940 ya lalata filin wasan sosai, har aka tilasta sauya wasan ranar Kirsimeti da Stockport County zuwa filin Stockport.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> An dawo da buga ƙwallo a Old Trafford a ranar 8 ga Maris 1941, amma wani harin Jamus a ranar 11 ga Maris 1941 ya lalata yawancin filin wasan, musamman babban ɗakin kallo (wanda yanzu ake kira South Stand), lamarin da ya tilasta ƙungiyar ta koma gudanar da ayyukanta daga Cornbrook Cold Storage, mallakar shugaban United James W. Gibson.<ref name="mccartney_20"/> Bayan matsin lamba daga Gibson, War Damage Commission ta ba Manchester United £4,800 domin kwashe tarkace da kuma £17,478 domin sake gina ɗakunan kallo.<ref name="inglis_235"/> A lokacin sake gina filin wasan, Manchester United ta buga wasanninta na "gida" a Maine Road, gidan abokiyar hamayyarta ta cikin birni, Manchester City, kan kuɗin £5,000 a shekara tare da kaso daga kuɗin shiga daga ƙofar filin.<ref>Murphy, p. 45</ref> A wannan lokacin ƙungiyar tana da bashin £15,000, wanda hayar Maine Road ta ƙara tsananta, kuma ɗan majalisar Labour mai wakiltar Stoke, Ellis Smith, ya roƙi gwamnati ta ƙara kuɗin diyya ga ƙungiyar, amma hakan bai yi nasara ba.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Ko da yake an sake buɗe Old Trafford a shekarar 1949, duk da cewa ba shi da rufi, hakan na nufin an shafe kusan shekaru 10 ba a buga wasan lig a filin ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Philip |title=How Matt Busby arrived at Manchester United |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=1 February 2008 |access-date=21 August 2008 |location=London |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015045004/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2290610/How-Matt-Busby-arrived-at-Manchester-United.html |archive-date=15 October 2008 }}</ref> Wasan farko na United bayan komawa Old Trafford an buga shi a ranar 24 ga Agusta 1949, inda 'yan kallo 41,748 suka shaida nasarar da ci 3–0 a kan Bolton Wanderers.<ref>White (2008), p. 224</ref> ===Kammala babban shirin gyara=== An mayar da rufi a kan Main Stand a shekarar 1951, kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka rufe sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, aikin ya ƙare da ƙara rufi a Stretford End (wanda yanzu ake kira West Stand) a shekarar 1959.<ref name="rivalry"/> Ƙungiyar ta kuma kashe £40,000 wajen girka fitilun haske na musamman, domin ta sami damar amfani da filin wasan wajen wasannin Turai da ake buga da yamma a ranakun aiki, maimakon yin amfani da Maine Road. Domin guje wa inuwar da za ta rufe filin wasa, an cire wasu sassan biyu na rufin Main Stand.<ref name="inglis_235"/> Wasan farko da aka buga ƙarƙashin fitilun haske a Old Trafford shi ne wasan First Division tsakanin Manchester United da Bolton Wanderers a ranar 25 ga Maris 1957.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Sai dai, duk da cewa yanzu 'yan kallo za su iya ganin 'yan wasa da dare, har yanzu suna fama da matsalar rashin cikakken gani saboda ginshiƙan da ke ɗauke da rufin. Yayin da gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 1966 ke gabatowa, inda filin wasan zai karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wannan ya sa daraktocin United suka sake tsara United Road (arewa) stand gaba ɗaya. An maye gurbin tsoffin ginshiƙan rufin a shekarar 1965 da tsarin zamani na cantilever a saman rufin, wanda ya bai wa kowane mai kallo damar kallon wasa ba tare da wani abu ya hana gani ba,<ref name="rivalry"/> sannan aka faɗaɗa shi domin ɗaukar 'yan kallo 20,000 (10,000 masu zama da 10,000 masu tsayawa a gaba) kan kuɗin £350,000.<ref name="inglis_236">Inglis, p. 236</ref> Masu gine-ginen sabon ɗakin kallo, Mather and Nutter (wanda yanzu ake kira Atherden Fuller),<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> sun sake tsara tsarin ɗakin kallo ta yadda za a samu wurin tsayawa a gaba, babban wurin zama a baya, da kuma ɗakunan sirri na farko a filin ƙwallon ƙafa na Birtaniya. An sake gina east stand — wanda shi ne kaɗai ɓangaren da ya rage ba shi da rufi — cikin irin wannan tsari a shekarar 1973.<ref name=":0">Inglis, p. 237</ref> Bayan an mayar da ɗakunan kallo biyu na farko zuwa tsarin cantilever, masu filin wasan suka tsara wani shiri na dogon lokaci na yin hakan ga sauran ɗakunan kallo biyu da kuma mayar da filin wasan zuwa wani filin mai kama da kwano.<ref name="manutdzone">{{cite web |url=http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |title=Old Trafford 1909–2006 |access-date=11 December 2011 |publisher=manutdzone.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080217222825/http://www.manutdzone.com/oldtrafford/oldtrafford.htm |archive-date=17 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Irin wannan aikin zai taimaka wajen ƙara yanayi da hayaniya a cikin filin ta hanyar tattara sautin magoya baya da kuma mayar da shi zuwa filin wasa, inda 'yan wasan za su ji cikakken tasirin filin da ke cike da jama'a.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=OT atmosphere excites Ole |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=15 August 2006 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002143817/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Football-News/2006/Aug/OT-atmosphere-excites-Ole.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A halin yanzu, filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na FA Cup na uku, inda 'yan kallo 62,078 suka kalli wasan maimaitawa na wasan ƙarshe na 1970 tsakanin Chelsea da Leeds United; Chelsea ta yi nasara da ci 2–1. Filin ya kuma karɓi bakuncin wasan dawowa na 1968 Intercontinental Cup, inda Estudiantes de La Plata ta lashe kofin bayan an tashi 1–1.<ref>{{cite web |first=Martin |last=Macchiavello |title=Nostalgia Alá vista |url=http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |publisher=[[Olé (sports newspaper)|Olé]] |date=18 December 2009 |access-date=18 July 2010 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302232407/http://edant.ole.com.ar/notas/2009/12/18/futbolinternacional/02103612.html |archive-date=2 March 2012 }}</ref> A shekarun 1970, an samu gagarumin ƙaruwa na tarzomar magoya bayan ƙwallon ƙafa a Birtaniya,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |title=University of Liverpool FIG Factsheet – Hooliganism |access-date=4 September 2008 |last=Pearson |first=Geoff |date=December 2007 |work=Football Industry Group |publisher=University of Liverpool |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913004141/http://www.liv.ac.uk/footballindustry/hooligan.html |archive-date=13 September 2008 }}</ref> kuma wani lamari na jefa wuƙa a shekarar 1971 ya tilasta ƙungiyar gina shingen kewaye da filin na farko a ƙasar, wanda ya hana magoya baya shiga filin wasa.<ref name="inglis_236"/> ===Sauya zuwa filin mai kujeru kawai=== [[File:Stretford end 1992.JPG|thumb|Stretford End kafin sake gina shi a farkon shekarun 1990]] Tare da kowace irin gyara da aka yi wa filin tun bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, damar ɗaukar mutane tana raguwa a hankali. Zuwa shekarun 1980, damar ta ragu daga 80,000 na asali zuwa kusan 60,000. Damar ta ƙara raguwa a shekarar 1990, lokacin da Taylor Report ya ba da shawara, kuma gwamnati ta buƙaci, a mayar da dukkan filayen First da Second Division zuwa filayen da ke da kujeru ga kowa. Wannan ya sa tsare-tsaren kashe £3–5&nbsp;miliyan domin maye gurbin Stretford End da sabon ɗakin kallo mai wurin tsayawa a gaba da rufin cantilever da zai haɗa shi da sauran filin suka zama dole a sauya su sosai.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> Wannan sake gini da aka tilasta, wanda ya haɗa da cire wuraren tsayawa a gaban sauran ɗakunan kallo uku, ba kawai ya ƙara kuɗin aikin zuwa kusan £10&nbsp;miliyan ba, har ma ya rage damar Old Trafford zuwa mafi ƙarancin da aka taɓa samu, wato kusan 44,000.<ref name="inglis_238">Inglis, p. 238</ref> A shekarar 1992 kuma aka sanar da ƙungiyar cewa za ta samu £1.4&nbsp;miliyan ne kawai daga cikin £2&nbsp;miliyan da Football Trust zai iya bayarwa domin aikin da ya shafi Taylor Report.<ref>Inglis, pp. 238–239</ref> [[File:Old Trafford 1992 (outside).JPG|thumb|left|Wajen Old Trafford, 1992]] Sake samun nasarar ƙungiyar da kuma ƙaruwa da shahararta a farkon shekarun 1990 ya tabbatar da cewa dole ne a ƙara yin wasu gyare-gyare. A shekarar 1995, an rushe North Stand mai shekaru 30, kuma aka fara aikin gina sabon ɗakin kallo cikin sauri,<ref>James, pp. 405–6</ref> domin a kammala shi kafin Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni uku, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da kuma wasan ƙarshe a Euro 96. Ƙungiyar ta sayi Trafford Park trading estate, wani fili mai girman {{convert|20|acre|ha|0|abbr=off|adj=on}}, wanda yake ɗaya gefen United Road, kan kuɗin £9.2&nbsp;miliyan a watan Maris 1995. An fara ginin a watan Yunin 1995 kuma aka kammala shi a watan Mayun 1996, inda aka buɗe matakai biyu na farko cikin uku na ɗakin kallo a lokacin kakar. Atherden Fuller ne ya tsara shi, tare da Hilstone Laurie a matsayin masu kula da aikin da gini, da Campbell Reith Hill a matsayin injiniyoyin tsarin ginin. Sabon ɗakin kallo mai hawa uku ya ci jimillar £18.65&nbsp;miliyan kuma yana da damar ɗaukar kusan mutane 25,500, wanda ya ɗaga damar ɗaukacin filin zuwa sama da 55,000. Rufin cantilever ɗin ya kasance mafi girma a Turai, yana da tsawon {{convert|58.5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} daga bangon baya zuwa gefen gaba.<ref name="inglis_239">Inglis, p. 239</ref> Ƙarin nasarori a cikin shekaru masu zuwa sun tabbatar da ƙarin gine-gine. Da farko, an ƙara bene na biyu a East Stand. Da aka buɗe shi a watan Janairun 2000, damar filin wasan ta ƙaru na ɗan lokaci zuwa kusan 61,000 har sai da aka buɗe bene na biyu na West Stand, wanda ya ƙara wasu kujeru 7,000, ya kawo jimillar damar zuwa 68,217. A wannan lokacin ba kawai shi ne filin ƙungiya mafi girma a Ingila ba, har ma shi ne mafi girma a duk faɗin Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |title=Old Trafford |access-date=21 August 2008 |publisher=waterscape.com |archive-date=3 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403023715/http://www.waterscape.com/in-your-area/lancashire/places-to-go/357/old-trafford |url-status=live }}</ref> Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na Turai mafi girma na farko shekaru uku bayan haka, inda aka gudanar da wasan ƙarshe na UEFA Champions League na 2003 tsakanin Milan da Juventus.<ref>{{cite book |title=UEFA Champions League Statistics Handbook 2012/13 |year=2012 |publisher=Union of European Football Associations |location=Nyon |page=154 }}</ref> [[File:Old trafford february 2010.jpg|thumb|An buɗe East Stand da aka sake ginawa a farkon kakar 2000–01.]] Daga shekarar 2001 zuwa 2007, bayan rushe tsohon Wembley Stadium, an tilasta wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila buga wasanninta a wasu wurare. A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar ta zagaya ƙasar, inda ta buga wasanninta a filaye daban-daban daga Villa Park da ke Birmingham zuwa St James' Park da ke Newcastle. A wannan lokaci, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin gida 14 daga cikin 34 na Ingila, fiye da kowane filin wasa, na ƙarshe daga cikinsu shi ne rashin nasarar da Ingila ta yi da ci 1–0 a hannun Spain a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title=Men's Senior Team Results |url=http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |work=TheFA.com |publisher=The Football Association |access-date=31 January 2010 |archive-date=31 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131224425/http://www.thefa.com/England/MensSeniorTeam/Results.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> An buga wasan a gaban 'yan kallo 58,207.<ref>{{cite news |first=John |last=Sinnott |title=England 0–1 Spain |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=7 February 2007 |access-date=9 September 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070824100909/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/6330177.stm |archive-date=24 August 2007 }}</ref> ===Faɗaɗa filin a 2006=== [[File:Old Trafford model.jpg|thumb|Samfurin Old Trafford mai ma'auni na Peter Oldfield-Edwards da aka nuna a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a watan Maris 2010]] Faɗaɗa Old Trafford na baya-bayan nan, wanda aka gudanar tsakanin Yulin 2005 da Mayun 2006, ya ƙara kusan kujeru 8,000 ta hanyar ƙara bene na biyu a sassan arewa maso yamma da arewa maso gabas na filin.<ref name="manutdzone"/> An fara amfani da wani ɓangare na sabbin kujerun a ranar 26 ga Maris 2006, lokacin da yawan 'yan kallo 69,070 ya zama sabon tarihin Premier League.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 3–0 Birmingham |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=26 March 2006 |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120125023/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/4820120.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 }}</ref> An ci gaba da ƙara wannan tarihi har sai da ya kai matsayinsa na yanzu a ranar 31 ga Maris 2007, lokacin da 'yan kallo 76,098 suka kalli United ta doke Blackburn Rovers da ci 4–1, wanda ke nufin kujeru 114 kacal (0.15% na jimillar damar ɗaukar mutane 76,212) suka kasance babu kowa.<ref name="united4_blackburn1">{{cite news |first=Nick |last=Coppack |title=Report: United 4 Blackburn 1 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=31 March 2007 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216043425/http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2007/Mar/Report-United-4-Blackburn-1.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> A shekarar 2009, sake tsara kujerun filin wasan ya rage damar ɗaukar mutane da 255 zuwa 75,957, wanda ke nufin tarihin yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar zai ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa wani sabon faɗaɗawa.<ref name="inside_united">{{cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Steve |editor1-first=Ian |editor1-last=McLeish |date=March 2010 |title=Design for life |journal=Inside United |issue=212 |pages=44–48 |publisher=Haymarket Network |issn=1749-6497 }}</ref><ref name="record_gate">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #9: Record gate |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 November 2009 |access-date=19 November 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216030119/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2009/Nov/OT100-9-Record-gate.aspx |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> [[File:Brazil Belarus kickoff.JPG|thumb|left|Old Trafford yayin wani wasa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012]] Old Trafford ya cika shekaru 100 a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu 2010. Domin tunawa da wannan lokaci, shafin yanar gizon Manchester United na hukuma ya wallafa wani shiri wanda a cikinsa aka nuna wani muhimmin abin tunawa daga tarihin filin wasan a kowace rana daga cikin kwanaki 100 da suka gabaci ranar cika shekaru.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=My Old Trafford |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=25 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232234/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/My-Old-Trafford.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> Daga cikin waɗannan abubuwa 100, wani kwamiti da ya haɗa da masanin kididdigar ƙungiyar Cliff Butler, ɗan jarida David Meek, da tsoffin 'yan wasa Paddy Crerand da Wilf McGuinness ya zaɓi guda 10 mafi muhimmanci.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100: The Top 10 revealed |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002232444/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2010/Feb/OT100-The-Top-10-revealed.aspx |archive-date=2 October 2012 }}</ref> A Old Trafford kansa, an gudanar da gasar zane-zane ga ɗalibai daga makarantu uku na yankin domin su ƙirƙiri yadda suke ganin filin wasan a baya, yanzu da kuma nan gaba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT art competition |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003063025/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-art-competition.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> An ajiye zane-zanen da suka yi nasara a matsayin nunin dindindin a hanyar shiga babban ɓangaren iyalai na Old Trafford, kuma mai zane Harold Riley ya ba waɗanda suka yi nasara kyaututtuka a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=New OT exhibit unveiled |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=19 February 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211035534/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Feb/New-OT-exhibit-unveiled.aspx |archive-date=11 December 2010 }}</ref> Tsohon mai tsaron gida Jack Crompton da babban jami'in gudanarwa David Gill ne suka buɗe wani baje koli game da filin wasan a gidan kayan tarihin ƙungiyar a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu.<ref name="exhibit"/> Baje kolin ya nuna tarihin filin wasan tare da abubuwan tunawa daga baya, ciki har da shirin wasan farko da kuma samfurin filin mai ma'auni 1:220 wanda mai ƙera samfura Peter Oldfield-Edwards ya gina da hannu.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=OT history on display |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223140805/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Jan/OT-history-on-display.aspx |archive-date=23 December 2011 }}</ref> A ƙarshe, a wasan gida na Manchester United da Fulham a ranar 14 ga Maris, magoya bayan da suka halarci wasan sun samu kwafin shirin wasan farko na Old Trafford, sannan a lokacin hutun rabin lokaci dangin 'yan wasan da suka buga wasan farko — da kuma dangin shugaban ƙungiyar John Henry Davies da mai tsara filin wasan Archibald Leitch — suka shiga aikin binne wani akwati na abubuwan tunawa da Manchester United kusa da ramin tsakiyar filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Bostock |title=Stadium set for centenary match |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=12 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208083213/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Stadium-set-for-centenary-match.aspx |archive-date=8 February 2012 }}</ref> Ba a iya gano dangin winger Billy Meredith, wing-half Dick Duckworth da sakataren ƙungiyar Ernest Mangnall ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Nichols |title=Dream day for 1910 relatives |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 March 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216081325/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2010/Mar/Dream-day-for-1910-relatives.aspx |archive-date=16 February 2011 }}</ref> An yi amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da wasanni da dama na gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a Wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=Old Trafford |url=http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |work=London2012.com |publisher=London 2012 |access-date=2 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123125022/http://www.london2012.com/venue/old-trafford/ |archive-date=23 January 2013 }}</ref> Filin wasan ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rukuni biyar, wasan kusa da na ƙarshe da wasan ƙarshe a gasar maza, da kuma wasan rukuni guda ɗaya da kuma wasan kusa da na ƙarshe a gasar mata, wanda ya kasance sanannen wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin Canada da United States,<ref>{{cite web |title=Football – event schedule |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/17092335 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 March 2012 |access-date=28 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422130437/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/17092335 |archive-date=22 April 2014 }}</ref> kuma su ne wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa na mata na ƙasashen duniya na farko da aka taɓa gudanar a filin.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sam |last=Borden |title=Rare at Old Trafford: A Women's Match |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=30 July 2012 |access-date=31 July 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731231824/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/31/sports/olympics/old-trafford-stadium-to-host-its-first-womens-international-match.html |archive-date=31 July 2012 }}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2006, ana kuma amfani da Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da Soccer Aid, wasan sadaka da ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru biyu, wanda mawaki Robbie Williams da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Jonathan Wilkes suka fara shirya; sai dai a shekarar 2008 an gudanar da wasan a Wembley Stadium.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sean |last=Gibson |title=Soccer Aid 2016, England vs Rest of the World: What time is kick-off, what are the teams and which TV channel is it on? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |website=The Telegraph |date=3 June 2016 |access-date=3 June 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605042626/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/06/02/soccer-aid-2016-england-vs-rest-of-the-world-what-time-is-kick-o/ |archive-date=5 June 2016 }}</ref> [[File:Old Trafford, April 2020 (04).jpg|thumb|Girmamawar Old Trafford ga Hukumar Kiwon Lafiya ta Ƙasa a lokacin annobar COVID-19]] A ranar 27 ga Maris 2021, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan farko na ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United, inda West Ham United ta kasance abokiyar hamayya a gasar Women's Super League.<ref>{{Cite press release|date=16 March 2021|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/Manchester-United-Women-to-play-at-Old-Trafford-for-the-very-first-time|title=MU Women to play first-ever match at Old Trafford|website=Manchester United|access-date=25 March 2021|archive-date=19 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319011528/https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/manchester-united-women-to-play-at-old-trafford-for-the-very-first-time|url-status=live}}</ref> Daidai shekara guda bayan haka, ƙungiyar mata ta Manchester United ta kara da Everton a Old Trafford a gaban 'yan kallo a karon farko (wasan 2021 an buga shi ba tare da 'yan kallo ba saboda annobar COVID-19). 'Yan kallo 20,241 ne suka halarci wasan, wanda ya zama mafi yawan 'yan kallo a wasan gida na ƙungiyar mata, kuma suka ga Manchester United ta yi nasara da ci 3–1.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |title=Manchester United Women 3–1 Eveton Women |work=BBC Sport |date=27 March 2022 |access-date=19 April 2022 |archive-date=19 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419060202/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60810508 |url-status=live }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Yuli 2022, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan buɗe gasar UEFA Women's Euro 2022 tsakanin Ingila da Austria, a gaban adadin 'yan kallo 68,871, wanda shi ne mafi yawan 'yan kallo da aka taɓa samu a gasar cin kofin Turai ta mata, kuma na biyu mafi yawa a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata a Birtaniya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |title=Women's Euro 2022 kicks off with record attendance as England secure a nervous win |website=olympics.com |last=Hill |first=Courtney |date=7 July 2022 |access-date=19 July 2022 |archive-date=8 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708182153/https://www.olympics.com/en/news/women-s-euro-2022-record-attendance-england |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2022, an saka Old Trafford cikin jerin filayen wasan da aka zaɓa a matsayin wani ɓangare na takarar United Kingdom da Ireland na karɓar bakuncin UEFA Euro 2028, amma ba a saka shi cikin jerin filayen wasa 10 na ƙarshe da aka sanar a watan Afrilu 2023 ba.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65245224/|title=Euro 2028: Casement Park and Everton's Bramley-Moore Dock among 10 stadiums for UK & Ireland bid|work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4404128/2023/04/12/euro-2028-stadiums-uk-ireland//|title=UK and Ireland announce final list of stadiums for Euro 2028 bid|work=The New York Times |last1=Bosher |first1=Luke |date=13 April 2023 }}</ref> A ranar 19 ga Yuni 2023, ƙungiyar maza ta Ingila ta koma Old Trafford a karon farko tun shekarar 2007 domin buga wasan neman gurbin Euro 2024 da North Macedonia; Ingila ta yi nasara da ci 7–0 a gaban mutane 70,708.<ref>{{cite web |title=England-North Macedonia {{!}} European Qualifiers 2024 |url=https://www.uefa.com/european-qualifiers/match/2036363--england-vs-north-macedonia/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> ==Tsari da kayan aiki== [[File:OldTraffordPlan-en.svg|thumb|Tsarin yadda Old Trafford yake. Wurin da aka yi wa inuwa yana nuna ɓangaren da aka ware wa magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi.]] Filin wasan Old Trafford yana kewaye da ɗakunan kallo guda huɗu masu rufi kuma masu kujeru kawai, waɗanda a hukumance ake kira Sir Alex Ferguson (Arewa), East, Sir Bobby Charlton (Kudu) da West Stands. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan ɗakunan kallo yana da aƙalla matakai biyu,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ticket-compare.com/stadiums/old-trafford/seating-plan/ |title=Old Trafford Seating Plan |publisher=Ticket Compare }}</ref> ban da Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda yake da mataki guda kawai saboda ƙuntatawar gini. Ƙananan matakin kowane ɗakin kallo an raba shi zuwa ɓangaren Ƙasa da na Sama, inda aka sauya ɓangarorin Ƙasa daga wuraren tsayawa a farkon shekarun 1990. ===Sir Alex Ferguson Stand=== [[File:Sir Alex Ferguson stand, Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|left|Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand) kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand)]] Sir Alex Ferguson Stand, wanda a da ake kira United Road stand da North Stand, yana shimfiɗe a saman United Road. Wannan ɗakin kallo yana da matakai uku, kuma yana iya ɗaukar kusan 'yan kallo 26,000, wanda ya fi kowanne daga cikin ɗakunan kallo huɗu. Haka kuma yana da wurare kaɗan ga magoya baya a ɗakunan gudanarwa da dakunan karɓar baƙi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Executive Club |url=http://www.executiveclub.manutd.com/ |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=1 August 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814175027/http://www.executiveclub.manutd.com/ |archive-date=14 August 2011 }}</ref> An buɗe shi a yanayinsa na yanzu a shekarar 1996, bayan da a da yake ɗakin kallo mai mataki guda. A matsayinsa na mafi girman ɗakin kallo na filin, yana ɗauke da wasu fitattun wuraren more rayuwa na filin, ciki har da Red Café (gidan cin abinci/bar mai jigo na Manchester United) da gidan tarihin Manchester United da ɗakin kofunan ƙungiyar. Da farko an buɗe gidan tarihin a shekarar 1986 a matsayin na farko irinsa a duniya,<ref>Inglis, p. 240</ref> kuma yana kusurwar kudu maso gabashin filin har zuwa lokacin da aka mayar da shi zuwa North Stand da aka sake ginawa a shekarar 1998. Pelé ne ya buɗe gidan tarihin a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1998, tun daga lokacin adadin masu ziyara ya tashi daga 192,000 a shekarar 1998 zuwa sama da masu ziyara 300,000 a shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={9C9F8161-326A-40F0-8EB0-085348EEDCFC} |title=Virtual Tour – The Museum |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110125171433/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7B9C9F8161-326A-40F0-8EB0-085348EEDCFC%7D |archive-date=25 January 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=OT100 #66: Pele's visit |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2010/Jan/OT100-66-Peles-visit.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=14 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003174455/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/The-OT-100-News/2010/Jan/OT100-66-Peles-visit.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> Ya zuwa kakar 2022–23, yawan masu ziyara ya ragu zuwa kusan 190,000.<ref name=":0" /> [[File:A statue of Sir Alex Ferguson at Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Mutum-mutumin tagulla na wani mutum sanye da riga, hannayensa a haɗe.|An kafa mutum-mutumin Sir Alex Ferguson a Old Trafford a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2012.]] An sake wa North Stand suna Sir Alex Ferguson Stand a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2011, domin girmama shekaru 25 da Alex Ferguson ya yi a matsayin manajan ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd rename Old Trafford stand in Ferguson's honour |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/15607907 |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=5 November 2011 |access-date=5 November 2011 |archive-date=7 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130707151516/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/15607907 |url-status=live }}</ref> An kafa mutum-mutumin Ferguson mai tsawon {{convert|9|ft|m|1|abbr=off|spell=in|adj=on}}, wanda Philip Jackson ya sassaka, a wajen ɗakin kallon a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba 2012, domin girmama matsayinsa na manajan da ya fi kowa tsawon lokaci a tarihin Manchester United.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sir Alex Ferguson pride as Manchester United unveil statue |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/20468104 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=23 November 2012 |access-date=23 November 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121124214842/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20468104 |archive-date=24 November 2012 }}</ref> ===Sir Bobby Charlton Stand=== [[File:Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand).jpg|thumb|left|Sir Bobby Charlton Stand (South Stand) kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand)]] A kishiyar Sir Alex Ferguson Stand akwai Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda a da yake babban ɗakin kallon Old Trafford kuma a baya ake kiransa South Stand. Duk da cewa yana da mataki guda kawai, Sir Bobby Charlton Stand yana ɗauke da mafi yawan ɗakunan gudanarwa na filin,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events/The-Suites.aspx |title=The Suites |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110203051517/http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events/The-Suites.aspx |archive-date=3 February 2011 }}</ref> sannan kuma yana karɓar duk wani babban baƙo da zai zo kallon wasa. Ana zaunar da ma'aikatan kafofin watsa labarai a tsakiyar Upper South Stand domin su samu kyakkyawan kallon wasa. Haka kuma, wurin kyamarorin talabijin yana cikin Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, saboda haka wannan ɗakin kallo ne aka fi nuna shi a talabijin. <ref name="rivalry"/> Dakunan shirye-shiryen talabijin suna a ƙarshen biyu na Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, inda tashar talabijin ta cikin gida ta ƙungiyar, MUTV, take a ɗakin gabas, yayin da sauran tashoshin talabijin, kamar BBC da Sky, suke a ɗakin yamma. Wurin zama na manajoji yana tsakiyar Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, an ɗaga shi sama da matakin filin domin ba manaja da masu horar da shi damar samun kyakkyawan hangen wasan daga sama. Wurin zaman kowace ƙungiya yana gefen tsohuwar ramin ’yan wasa, wadda aka yi amfani da ita har zuwa shekarar 1993. Wannan tsohuwar rami ita ce kaɗai ragowar ɓangaren filin wasan na asali na shekarar 1910, bayan da ta tsira daga harin bam da ya lalata yawancin filin yayin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={0341FBBA-96FA-42BB-896B-0D15ABAFA643} |title=Virtual Tour – Dugout |access-date=7 February 2008 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210194159/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7B0341FBBA-96FA-42BB-896B-0D15ABAFA643%7D |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}</ref> A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 2008, an sauya sunan wannan rami zuwa Munich Tunnel, a matsayin abin tunawa da cikar shekaru 50 da bala'in jirgin sama na Munich na shekarar 1958.<ref>{{cite news |title=Football honours Munich victims |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/7228670.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=6 February 2008 |access-date=7 February 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208215806/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7228670.stm |archive-date=8 February 2008 }}</ref> Ramin yanzu yana kusurwar kudu maso yammacin filin, kuma yana kuma zama hanyar shiga ga ma'aikatan agajin gaggawa. Idan manyan motoci suna buƙatar shiga, ana iya ɗaga kujerun da ke saman ramin da kusan {{convert|25|ft|m|1}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section={B0531F7F-9461-406D-81A9-ACA2AF687CC9} |title=Virtual Tour – Player's Tunnel |access-date=7 February 2008 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210194219/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Virtual-Tour.aspx?section=%7BB0531F7F-9461-406D-81A9-ACA2AF687CC9%7D |archive-date=10 December 2010 }}</ref> Ramin yana kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan canza kaya na ’yan wasa ta yankin tattaunawar talabijin, sannan zuwa ɗakin hutun ’yan wasa. An sake gyara ɗakunan canza kaya na ƙungiyar gida da ta baƙi kafin kakar 2018–19, sannan an faɗaɗa tare da raba hanyar da ke kaiwa zuwa ɗakunan biyu domin a raba ƙungiyoyin da ke fafatawa da juna.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Sam|last=Wallace|title=Old Trafford dressing-room layout changed to avoid repeat of Manchester derby tunnel fracas|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/08/28/old-trafford-dressing-room-layout-changed-avoid-repeat-manchester/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2018/08/28/old-trafford-dressing-room-layout-changed-avoid-repeat-manchester/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=The Telegraph|date=28 August 2018|access-date=28 August 2018|issn=0307-1235}}{{cbignore}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Afrilu 2016, an sauya sunan South Stand zuwa Sir Bobby Charlton Stand kafin fara wasan Premier League na gida da Everton, domin girmama tsohon ɗan wasan Manchester United Bobby Charlton, wanda ya fara bugawa Manchester United wasa shekaru 60 da suka gabata.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-35953846 |title=Sir Bobby Charlton stand unveiled at Old Trafford |website=BBC News |date=3 April 2016 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404015116/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-35953846 |archive-date=4 April 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2016/Feb/South-Stand-at-Old-Trafford-renamed-Sir-Bobby-Charlton-Stand.aspx |title=South Stand at Old Trafford to be renamed after Sir Bobby Charlton |publisher=Manchester United |website=ManUtd.com |date=15 February 2016 |access-date=3 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322034948/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2016/Feb/South-Stand-at-Old-Trafford-renamed-Sir-Bobby-Charlton-Stand.aspx |archive-date=22 March 2016 }}</ref> ===West Stand=== {{main|Stretford End}} [[File:Stretford End, Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|The West Stand, with its mosaic of seats displaying the stand's colloquial name]] Wataƙila West Stand shi ne ɗakin kallo da aka fi sani a Old Trafford, wanda kuma ake kira Stretford End. A al'ada, wannan ɗakin kallo shi ne wurin da manyan magoya bayan United suke zama, kuma su ne waɗanda suka fi yin hayaniya.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Moore |title=Football: You only sing when you're standing |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |publisher=Independent, The |location=London |date=19 November 1996 |access-date=22 August 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111161044/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 }}</ref> Da farko an tsara Stretford End domin ɗaukar magoya baya 20,000, kuma shi ne ɗakin kallo na ƙarshe da aka yi wa rufi, sannan kuma shi ne ɗakin kallo na ƙarshe da ya kasance da wuraren tsayawa kawai a filin kafin tilasta sauya shi zuwa kujeru a farkon shekarun 1990. Alfred McAlpine ne ya gudanar da sake gina Stretford End, wanda aka yi a lokacin kakar 1992–93.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alfred McAlpine wins £7.2m contract to redevelop Stretford End at Manchester United FC's stadium |url=http://www.cnplus.co.uk/News/1992/05/28may92_uk_alfred_mcalpine_wins_72m_contract_to_redevelop_stretford_end_at_manchester_united_fcs_stadium.html |publisher=The Construction News |date=28 May 1992 |access-date=21 August 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218064125/http://www.cnplus.co.uk/News/1992/05/28may92_uk_alfred_mcalpine_wins_72m_contract_to_redevelop_stretford_end_at_manchester_united_fcs_stadium.html |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> Lokacin da aka ƙara mataki na biyu zuwa Stretford End a shekarar 2000, magoya baya da yawa daga tsohon K Stand sun koma wurin, kuma suka yanke shawarar rataya tutoci da alamomi a kan shingen da ke gaban matakin. Stretford End ya yi matuƙar shiga cikin al'adun Manchester United, har Denis Law ya samu laƙabin "Sarkin Stretford End", kuma yanzu akwai mutum-mutuminsa a kan hanyar shiga ta matakin sama na ɗakin kallon.<ref>{{cite web |title=Denis Law |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/Legends/Denis-Law.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=29 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228095205/http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/Legends/Denis-Law.aspx |archive-date=28 December 2010 }}</ref> ===East Stand=== [[File:Munich air disaster plaque.jpg|thumb|left|Allon tunawa a Old Trafford da aka kafa domin girmama waɗanda suka mutu a bala'in jirgin sama na Munich]] [[File:The East Stand – Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|left|East Stand kamar yadda ake ganinsa daga Sir Alex Ferguson Stand (North Stand)]] East Stand na Old Trafford shi ne na biyu da aka sauya zuwa rufin cantilever, bayan Sir Alex Ferguson Stand. Haka kuma ana kiransa da Scoreboard End, saboda a nan ne allon sakamakon yake. East Stand a halin yanzu yana iya ɗaukar kusan magoya baya 12,000,<ref name="manutdzone"/> kuma a nan ne ɓangaren magoya bayan masu nakasa da ɓangaren magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi suke; an yi gwaji a kakar 2011–12 na mayar da magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi zuwa mataki na uku na Sir Alex Ferguson Stand, amma ba a samu damar tantance sakamakon gwajin cikin lokaci ba domin a mayar da canjin na dindindin a kakar 2012–13.<ref>{{cite news |title=Away fans won't move |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2012/May/away-fans-relocation-on-hold.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=22 May 2012 |access-date=22 May 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525215719/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2012/May/away-fans-relocation-on-hold.aspx |archive-date=25 May 2012 }}</ref> Sashen magoya bayan masu nakasa yana da wurare har zuwa magoya baya 170, tare da kujeru kyauta ga masu kula da su. A da an raba Old Trafford zuwa sassa, inda aka ba kowane sashe harafin baƙaƙe bisa jere. Duk da cewa kowane sashe yana da harafi, K Stand ne aka fi ambata a yau. Magoya bayan K Stand sun shahara da goyon bayansu mai ƙarfi ga ƙungiyar ta hanyar ihu da waƙoƙi da dama, duk da cewa da yawa daga cikinsu sun koma mataki na biyu na Stretford End.<ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Moore |title=Football: You only sing when you're standing |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent Print |location=London |date=19 November 1996 |access-date=8 February 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111161044/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-you-only-sing-when-youre-standing-1353185.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 }}</ref> [[File:Mégastore Old Trafford.jpg|thumb|Shagon megastore na Manchester United yana cikin East Stand na Old Trafford]] East Stand yana da bangon gilashi mai duhu, wanda a bayansa ne cibiyar gudanarwa ta ƙungiyar take. Waɗannan ofisoshin su ne wurin ma'aikatan Inside United, mujallar Manchester United ta hukuma, shafin yanar gizon ƙungiyar na hukuma, da sauran sassan gudanarwa. Ana yawan sanya hotuna da tallace-tallace a gaban East Stand, galibi don tallata kayayyaki da ayyukan da masu ɗaukar nauyin ƙungiyar ke samarwa, amma an nuna girmamawa ga Busby Babes a watan Fabrairu 2008 domin tunawa da cikar shekaru 50 da bala'in jirgin sama na Munich. A saman megastore akwai mutum-mutumin Sir Matt Busby, wanda shi ne manajan da ya fi kowa tsawon lokaci a Manchester United har zuwa lokacin da Sir Alex Ferguson ya zarce shi a shekarar 2010. Haka kuma akwai allon tunawa da waɗanda suka mutu a bala'in jirgin sama na Munich a ƙarshen kudancin East Stand, yayin da Munich Clock yake a mahadar East Stand da South Stand.<ref name="encyclopaedia"/> A ranar 29 ga Mayu 2008, domin bikin cikar shekaru 40 da lashe kofin Turai na farko na Manchester United, an bayyana mutum-mutumin "United Trinity" na "tsarkakakkiyar uku" na ƙungiyar, wato George Best, Denis Law da Bobby Charlton, a gefen Sir Matt Busby Way daga East Stand, kai tsaye gaban mutum-mutumin Busby.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Hibbs |title=United Trinity honoured |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2008/May/United-Trinity-honoured.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=29 May 2008 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625044609/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2008/May/United-Trinity-honoured.aspx |archive-date=25 June 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Man Utd 'trinity' statue unveiled |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7426075.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=29 May 2008 |access-date=30 May 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218182528/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7426075.stm |archive-date=18 December 2008 }}</ref> [[File:Sir Matt Busby Statue.jpg|thumb|left|160px|alt=Mutum-mutumin tagulla na wani mutum mai sanko sanye da kwat. Hannunsa na dama yana kan ƙugunsa na dama, yayin da yake riƙe da ƙwallon ƙafa a gefen ƙugunsa na hagu.|Mutum-mutumin Sir Matt Busby da ke kallon filin da ke gaban East Stand]] Shagon Manchester United ya samu wurare daban-daban guda shida tun lokacin da aka fara buɗe shi. Da farko, ƙaramin bukka ne kusa da layin dogo da ke tafiya kusa da filin. Daga nan aka mayar da shagon zuwa gefen South Stand, inda aka fara a wurin da ke kishiyar hanyar shigar magoya bayan ƙungiyar baƙi, sannan aka mayar da shi zuwa ginin da daga baya ya zama ofishin sayar da kayayyakin ƙungiyar. Ƙaruwa cikin shaharar ƙungiyar a farkon shekarun 1990 ta sa aka sake mayar da shagon, a wannan karon zuwa filin gaban West Stand. Wannan sauyin ya zo da babbar faɗaɗa, tare da sauya ƙaramin shagon zuwa "megastore". Alex Ferguson ya buɗe sabon megastore a ranar 3 ga Disamba 1994.<ref>White (2008), p. 319</ref> Sauye-sauyen wurin na baya-bayan nan sun faru a ƙarshen shekarun 1990, yayin da West Stand ke buƙatar sarari domin faɗaɗa zuwa mataki na biyu, wanda hakan ya sa aka rushe megastore. An mayar da shagon zuwa wani wuri na wucin gadi da ke kishiyar East Stand, kafin daga baya ya samu wurin dindindin mai faɗin {{convert|17000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} a ƙasan East Stand da aka faɗaɗa a shekarar 2000.<ref>Mitten, p. 137</ref> Nike, mai ɗaukar nauyin kayan wasannin United, ne ya mallaki sararin megastore, kuma ya gudanar da shagon har zuwa ƙarshen yarjejeniyar ɗaukar nauyinsu a ƙarshen Yuli 2015, lokacin da mallakar shagon ta koma ga ƙungiyar.<ref>{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Bates |title=Manchester United planning military-style operation to purge Old Trafford of Nike branding |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-united-planning-military-style-operation-5545047 |website=Mirror Online |publisher=MGN |date=18 April 2015 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108115745/https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/manchester-united-planning-military-style-operation-5545047 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Filin wasa da kewayensa=== [[File:United Trinity.jpg|thumb|upright|left|''The United Trinity'', mutum-mutumin "tsarkakakkiyar uku" na Manchester United, wato Best, Law da Charlton]] Filin wasan yana da tsawon kusan {{convert|105|m|yd}} da faɗinsa kusan {{convert|68|m|yd}},<ref name="cap2022"/> tare da wasu mita kaɗan na sararin da ke kewaye da filin a kowane gefe. Tsakiyar filin tana da kusan inci tara sama da gefuna, wanda ke taimaka wa ruwan saman gudana daga filin cikin sauƙi. Kamar yadda yake a filayen wasa na zamani da dama, akwai tsarin dumama na ƙarƙashin ƙasa da ke {{convert|10|in|cm}} ƙarƙashin filin, wanda ya ƙunshi bututun roba masu tsawon {{convert|23|mi|km|0}}.<ref name="pitch">White (2007), p. 17</ref> Tsohon manajan ƙungiyar Alex Ferguson ya kan nemi a sake shimfiɗa filin,<ref>{{cite news |first=Alan |last=Nixon |title=Football: FA charges Neville as United tear up pitch |work=The Independent |location=London |date=30 January 2001}}</ref> musamman a tsakiyar kakar 1998–99, lokacin da ƙungiyar ta lashe Treble, kuma kowane irin wannan aiki yana kashe kusan £250,000. Ana shayar da ciyawar Old Trafford akai-akai, amma ana rage yawan shayarwar a ranakun da ake ruwa, sannan ana yanke ciyawar sau uku a mako tsakanin Afrilu da Nuwamba, da sau ɗaya a mako daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris.<ref name="pitch"/> [[File:Old Trafford clock.jpg|thumb|upright|Hasumiyar agogon Hublot a filin ajiye motoci na Old Trafford mai lamba E1]] A tsakiyar shekarun 1980, lokacin da Manchester United Football Club ke da Manchester Giants, ƙungiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando ta Manchester, an yi shirin gina wani filin wasa na cikin gida mai kujeru 9,000 a wurin da yanzu yake Car Park E1. Sai dai shugaban ƙungiyar a lokacin, Martin Edwards, bai da isassun kuɗaɗe don gudanar da irin wannan aikin, kuma daga ƙarshe aka sayar da ƙungiyar wasan ƙwallon kwando.<ref>Mitten, p. 122</ref> A watan Agusta 2009, filin ajiye motoci ya zama wurin hasumiyar agogon Hublot, wato hasumiya mai tsayin {{convert|10|m|ft|0|adj=mid|-tall}} mai siffar tambarin Hublot, wadda ke ɗauke da fuskokin agogo huɗu masu diamita {{convert|2|m|ft|frac=2|spell=in|adj=mid}}, mafi girman irin agogon da kamfanin ya taɓa ƙera.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hublot clock unveiled |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2009/Aug/Hublot-clock-unveiled.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=28 August 2009 |access-date=26 January 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003180702/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2009/Aug/Hublot-clock-unveiled.aspx |archive-date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> Gefen gabashin filin wasan kuma shi ne wurin Hotel Football, wani otal mai jigon ƙwallon ƙafa da gidan taruwar magoya baya, wanda tsohon kyaftin ɗin Manchester United Gary Neville ya tsara. Ginin yana gefen gabashin Sir Matt Busby Way, kuma a ɗayan gefen Bridgewater Canal daga filin wasan yake, kuma yana iya ɗaukar magoya baya har 1,500. An buɗe shi a lokacin bazarar shekarar 2015. An gudanar da wannan harkar daban da ƙungiyar, kuma an samu wani ɓangare na kuɗin ta daga kuɗin da aka samu daga wasan girmamawa na Neville.<ref>{{cite news |first=Gemma |last=Thompson |title=Neville launches fans' HQ |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2011/May/Nevilles-supporters-club-vision.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=17 May 2011 |access-date=11 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110712203325/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2011/May/Nevilles-supporters-club-vision.aspx |archive-date=12 July 2011 }}</ref> ==Makoma== A shekarar 2009, an ruwaito cewa Manchester United na ci gaba da riƙe da shirye-shiryen ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane na filin wasan, inda mataki na gaba yake nuni da sake gina Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda, sabanin sauran sassan filin, har yanzu yana da mataki guda. Sake yin irin faɗaɗawar da aka yi wa Sir Alex Ferguson Stand da kuma sassan Arewa maso Gabas da Arewa maso Yamma zai iya ƙara ƙarfin filin zuwa kimanin 95,000, wanda zai sa ya fi Wembley Stadium (90,000) girman ɗaukar 'yan kallo.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news |title=Manchester United set to make Old Trafford bigger than Wembley |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/manutd/5276996/Manchester-United-set-to-make-Old-Trafford-bigger-than-Wembley.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=5 May 2009 |access-date=5 May 2009 |location=London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509083613/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/manutd/5276996/Manchester-United-set-to-make-Old-Trafford-bigger-than-Wembley.html |archive-date=9 May 2009 }}</ref> Ana hasashen irin wannan aikin zai kashe kusan £100 miliyan, saboda kusancin layin dogo da ke gefen filin wasan, da kuma buƙatar gina a samansa, wanda hakan zai sa a sayi gidaje har 50 a ɗayan gefen layin dogon.<ref name="manutdzone"/> Duk da haka, manajan kadarorin rukunin Manchester United ya tabbatar da cewa akwai shirye-shiryen faɗaɗa filin, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ribar da aka samu daga kadarorin ƙungiyar a kewayen Manchester, yana cewa: "Akwai wani tsari na dabaru na filin wasan ... ba manufarmu ba ce mu tsaya cak."<ref>{{cite news |title=United scoring in property market |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/property/united-scoring-in-property-market-918142 |work=Manchester Evening News |publisher=MEN Media |date=12 January 2013 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=6 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206025630/https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/property/united-scoring-in-property-market-918142 |url-status=live }}</ref> A watan Maris 2016, shekaru goma bayan sake ginin da ya gabata, an sake fara magana kan sake gina Sir Bobby Charlton Stand. Domin cika ƙa'idojin samun damar shiga filin ga kowa, an kashe £11 miliyan wajen inganta kayan aiki, inda aka samar da sabbin wuraren keken guragu 118 da sabbin kujerun jin daɗi 158 a wurare daban-daban a filin, tare da sabon babban filin taruwa da aka gina musamman a bayan Stretford End.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Alice |last=Richardson |title=Manchester United spend £11m to double Old Trafford disabled seating |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/manchester-united-spend-11m-double-17573771 |date=15 January 2020 |access-date=29 July 2020 |work=Manchester Evening News |publisher=MEN Media |archive-date=28 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728152108/https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/manchester-united-spend-11m-double-17573771 |url-status=live }}</ref> An kiyasta cewa ƙara wuraren zama ga magoya bayan masu nakasa zai rage jimillar ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane da kusan 3,000. Domin rage tasirin wannan raguwar, an yi la'akari da tsare-tsaren faɗaɗawa daban-daban, kamar ƙara mataki na biyu ga Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, wanda zai sa tsayinsa ya yi kama da Sir Alex Ferguson Stand da ke kishiyarsa amma ba tare da mataki na uku ba, tare da ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane zuwa kusan 80,000. Sake gina ɗakunan kallo na kusurwoyi a ɗayan gefen filin zai ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukar mutane zuwa 88,000 tare da ƙara yawan wuraren gudanarwa. Gidaje da ke Railway Road da kuma layin dogo kansa sun taɓa hana inganta Sir Bobby Charlton Stand, amma rushe gidajen da kuma ci gaban fasahar injiniya na nufin yanzu za a iya gina ƙarin matakin da ƙaramin kuɗi.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mitten |first=Andy |title=Manchester United consider expanding Old Trafford capacity to hold 80,000 |url=http://www.espnfc.co.uk/club/manchester-united/360/blog/post/2838728/manchester-united-consider-expanding-old-trafford-capacity |work=ESPN FC |publisher=ESPN |date=28 March 2016 |access-date=24 April 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503123425/http://www.espnfc.co.uk/club/manchester-united/360/blog/post/2838728/manchester-united-consider-expanding-old-trafford-capacity |archive-date=3 May 2016 }}</ref> A shekarar 2018, an ruwaito cewa an dakatar da shirye-shiryen saboda matsalolin gudanar da aikin. Girman aikin da ake buƙata yana nufin cewa duk wani sake gini mai yiwuwa zai ɗauki lokutan wasanni da dama, saboda buƙatar sanya manyan injuna a wuraren filin da a halin yanzu ba a iya shiga ko kuma magoya baya suke amfani da su a ranakun wasa, da kuma kasancewar ɗakin kallon yana ɗauke da ɗakunan canza kaya, ɗakunan manema labarai da ɗakunan talabijin. Daraktan gudanarwa na ƙungiyar Richard Arnold ya ce "ba tabbas ba ne cewa akwai hanyar yin hakan ba tare da barin mu ba tare da gida ba." Wannan yana nufin cewa Manchester United za ta bar Old Trafford na tsawon lokacin aikin – kuma yayin da Tottenham Hotspur ta iya amfani da Wembley Stadium a matsayin filin tsaka-tsaki na tsawon kaka biyu yayin da ake gina sabon filinta, {{original research span|filayen wasa masu girman da za a iya kwatantawa da Old Trafford da ke kusa da shi su ne na abokan hamayyar gida Manchester City, City of Manchester Stadium, ko kuma wataƙila Anfield, filin Liverpool, abokan hamayyar tarihi, kuma babu ɗayansu da ake ganin zai dace.|date=September 2025}}<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Man Utd: Sir Bobby Charlton Stand work at Old Trafford not imminent |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43740013 |work=BBC Sport |date=12 April 2018 |access-date=25 October 2019 |archive-date=25 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025225348/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43740013 |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2021, mataimakin shugaban Manchester United Joel Glazer ya bayyana a wani taron Fans Forum cewa "an fara aikin tsare-tsare na matakin farko" domin sake gina Old Trafford da filin atisayen ƙungiyar na Carrington. Wannan ya biyo bayan "ƙaruwar suka" kan rashin ci gaban filin tun shekarar 2006.<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Stone |title=Manchester United in discussions over major redevelopment of Old Trafford |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59020785 |website=BBC Sport |date=23 October 2021 |access-date=7 December 2021 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207172335/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59020785 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ƙungiyar tana la'akari da rushe filin wasan na yanzu tare da gina sabon filin gaba ɗaya a wannan wuri, amma an bayyana cewa wannan shi ne "zaɓin da ba a fi tsammani ba".<ref>{{cite news |first=Jamie |last=Jackson |title=Manchester United considering Old Trafford demolition as part of revamp |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/mar/14/manchester-united-considering-old-trafford-demolition-as-part-of-revamp |work=The Guardian |date=14 March 2022 |access-date=24 March 2022 |archive-date=15 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315070757/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/mar/14/manchester-united-considering-old-trafford-demolition-as-part-of-revamp |url-status=live }}</ref> A shekarar 2024, an ruwaito cewa Sir Jim Ratcliffe, wanda ke da kaso 25 cikin 100 na hannun jarin Manchester United, yana son a rushe Old Trafford a gina wani "Wembley na Arewa" a wannan wuri, wanda wataƙila shirin Levelling Up na gwamnatin Birtaniya zai tallafa wa kuɗinsa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=England: Rise of "Wembley of the North |url=https://stadiumdb.com/news/2024/02/england_rise_of_wembley_of_the_north |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=stadiumdb.com |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Maris 2025, Manchester United ta tabbatar da shirinta na maye gurbin Old Trafford da sabon filin wasa mai kujeru 100,000, wanda Foster and Partners za su tsara a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shirin sake bunƙasa yankin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/statement-man-utd-confirms-ambition-to-build-a-new-stadium-at-old-trafford|title=Man Utd confirms ambition to build a new stadium|website=www.manutd.com}}</ref> ==Sauran amfani== ===Rugby league=== [[File:Rhinos2008.jpg|thumb|[[Leeds Rhinos]] suna murnar nasarar da suka samu a [[2008 Super League Grand Final]] a kan [[St Helens R.F.C.|St Helens]].]] Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin rugby football iri biyu, kodayake ana yawan buga rugby league a wurin fiye da rugby union. Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin dukkan wasannin ƙarshe na [[Rugby League Premiership]] tun daga [[1986–87 Rugby League Premiership|kakar 1986–87]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/news/10717989.memories-of-1987-old-trafford-clash-with-wigan/|title=Memories of 1987 Old Trafford clash with Wigan|website=Warrington Guardian|date=4 October 2013 |access-date=19 October 2020|archive-date=20 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020223857/https://www.warringtonguardian.co.uk/news/10717989.memories-of-1987-old-trafford-clash-with-wigan/|url-status=live}}</ref> baya ga gasar da ta gaje ta, wato [[Super League Grand Final]], tun daga 1998.<ref>{{cite news |title=Super League Grand Final: Old Trafford continues as host venue until 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/41413157 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=27 September 2017 |access-date=27 September 2017 |archive-date=28 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928194912/http://web.archive.org/web/20170928194912/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/41413157 |url-status=live }}</ref> An buga wasan league na farko a Old Trafford a watan Nuwamba 1958, inda [[Salford Red Devils|Salford]] ta kara da [[Leeds Rhinos|Leeds]] a ƙarƙashin fitilun haske a gaban ‘yan kallo 8,000.<ref name="miscellany"/> An buga wasan gwaji na rugby league na farko a Old Trafford a 1986, lokacin da [[Australia national rugby league team|Australia]] ta doke [[Great Britain national rugby league team|Great Britain]] da ci 38–16 a gaban mutane 50,583, a wasan gwaji na farko na [[1986 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France|rangadin Kangaroo na 1986]].<ref name="mccartney_94">McCartney (1996), p. 94</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Sean |last=Fagan |title=Kangaroo Tour: 1986 |url=http://www.rl1908.com/Kangaroos/1986.htm |publisher=RL1908.com |year=2006 |access-date=23 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091031091519/http://www.rl1908.com/Kangaroos/1986.htm |archive-date=31 October 2009 }}</ref> An buga [[1989 World Club Challenge]] a Old Trafford a ranar 4 ga Oktoba 1989, inda ‘yan kallo 30,768 suka kalli [[Widnes Vikings|Widnes]] ta doke [[Canberra Raiders]] da ci 30–18.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.superleague.co.uk/wcc_1989-90.php?rid=321 |title=Carnegie World Club Challenge 1989–90 |access-date=15 March 2009 |work=superleague.co.uk |publisher=Super League |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090306132323/http://www.superleague.co.uk/wcc_1989-90.php?rid=321 <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archive-date=6 March 2009}}</ref> Old Trafford kuma ya karɓi bakuncin wasan gwaji na biyu tsakanin Great Britain da Australia na [[The Ashes (rugby league)|The Ashes]] a rangadin [[1990 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France|1990]] da [[1994 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France|1994]] na [[Kangaroo Tour]]. Filin wasan ya kuma karɓi bakuncin wasan kusa da na ƙarshe tsakanin [[England national rugby league team|England]] da [[Wales national rugby league team|Wales]] a [[1995 Rugby League World Cup]]; England ta yi nasara da ci 25–10 a gaban mutane 30,042. Wasan rugby league na ƙasa da ƙasa na ƙarshe da aka buga a Old Trafford a shekarun 1990 ya ga Great Britain ta samu nasararta ɗaya tilo a kan Australia a wannan filin a 1997, a wasan gwaji na biyu na [[Super League Test series]], a gaban magoya baya 40,324. [[File:Betfred 2017 Super League Grand Final 018 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[2017 Super League Grand Final]] a Old Trafford]] Lokacin da Great Britain, Ireland da Faransa suka karɓi bakuncin [[Rugby League World Cup]] a [[2000 Rugby League World Cup|2000]], an zaɓi Old Trafford a matsayin wurin gudanar da wasan ƙarshe; Australia da New Zealand ne suka fafata, kuma Australia ta yi nasara da ci 40–12 a gaban mutane 44,329.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://origin-www.rlwc2008.twiihosting.net/about/pastwinners.aspx?article=2000 |title=Past Winners – 2000 |access-date=15 March 2009 |year=2008 |work=Official Website of Rugby League World Cup 2008 |publisher=BigPond |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080531070912/http://origin-www.rlwc2008.twiihosting.net/about/pastwinners.aspx?article=2000 |archive-date=31 May 2008 }}</ref> An kuma zaɓi Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan ƙarshe na [[2013 Rugby League World Cup]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Rugby League World Cup: Old Trafford to host 2013 final |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/17937057 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 May 2012 |access-date=24 September 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505180415/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/rugby-league/17937057 |archive-date=5 May 2012 }}</ref> An buga wasan a ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, inda [[Australia national rugby league team|Australia]] ta doke zakarun da ke kare kambunsu, [[New Zealand national rugby league team|New Zealand]], da ci 34–2, kuma ya jawo hankalin ‘yan kallo 74,468, wanda ya kasance tarihin duniya na wasan rugby league na ƙasa da ƙasa.<ref>{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Fletcher |title=Rugby League World Cup 2013: New Zealand 2–34 Australia |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/25168674 |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=30 November 2013 |access-date=2 December 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202124614/http://web.archive.org/web/20131202124614/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/rugby-league/25168674 |archive-date=2 December 2013 }}</ref> A lokacin wasan, ɗan wasan gefen Australia [[Brett Morris]] ya yi mummunan karo da allunan tallace-tallace a Stretford End, lamarin da ya ƙara nuna tambayoyin da aka yi kafin wasan game da amincin Old Trafford a matsayin filin rugby league, musamman ƙarancin yankunan da ke bayan layin ƙwallo da gangaren da ke kewaye da gefen filin.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kangaroos have Old Trafford safety worries for Rugby League World Cup final against New Zealand |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-11-30/kangaroos-have-old-trafford-safety-worries/5126620 |work=ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) |date=30 November 2013 |access-date=1 August 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808053736/http://web.archive.org/web/20140808053736/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-11-30/kangaroos-have-old-trafford-safety-worries/5126620 |archive-date=8 August 2014 }}</ref> A watan Janairu 2019, an zaɓi Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasannin ƙarshe na [[2021 Rugby League World Cup]], inda aka buga wasan ƙarshe na [[2021 Men's Rugby League World Cup final|maza]] da na [[2021 Women's Rugby League World Cup final|mata]] a rana ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Aaron |last=Bower |title=Old Trafford to host men's and women's finals of 2021 Rugby League World Cup |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/jan/29/rugby-league-world-cup-2021-venues-old-trafford-emirates |work=The Guardian |date=29 January 2019 |access-date=25 March 2020 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=23 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023124537/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/jan/29/rugby-league-world-cup-2021-venues-old-trafford-emirates |url-status=live }}</ref> Australia ta doke Samoa da ci 30–10 a gaban mutane 67,502, inda ta lashe kambunta na 12. Saboda [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom|annobar COVID-19]], shekarar 2020 ita ce shekarar farko da Old Trafford bai karɓi bakuncin Super League Grand Final ba, saboda damuwar cewa za a iya sake tsara [[2020 Super League Grand Final|wasan]], abin da Manchester United ba za ta iya samar da damar yi ba.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=O'Brien |title=Hull considered as potential Grand Final host as Super League searches for Old Trafford alternative |url=https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/hull-super-league-grand-final-4615875 |website=HullLive |publisher=Local World |date=17 October 2020 |access-date=15 April 2021 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624021525/https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/sport/rugby-league/hull-super-league-grand-final-4615875 |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Rugby union=== An buga wasan rugby union na farko a Old Trafford ne a lokacin [[1924–25 New Zealand rugby union tour of Britain, Ireland and France]], lokacin da wata ƙungiyar wakilan Lancashire ta karɓi bakuncin [[New Zealand national rugby union team|ƙungiyar ƙasar New Zealand]], yayin da Manchester United ta karɓi kashi 20 cikin 100 na kuɗin shiga daga ƙofar filin.<ref name="mccartney_17"/><ref>{{cite web | url=https://bid.mullocksauctions.co.uk/past-auctions/srmu10068/lot-details/8c40bc2f-f012-4b6b-983f-a7860112258c | title=Rare 1924 Lancashire v New Zealand All Blacks Invincibles rugby programme - played at Manchester }}</ref> Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan rugby union na ƙasa da ƙasa na farko a 1997, lokacin da [[New Zealand national rugby union team|New Zealand]] ta doke [[England national rugby union team|England]] da ci 25–8. An sake buga wani wasa a Old Trafford a ranar 6 ga Yuni 2009,<ref>{{cite news |title=England to play at Old Trafford |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/rugby_union/english/7867120.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=3 February 2009 |access-date=3 February 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206085939/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/english/7867120.stm |archive-date=6 February 2009 }}</ref> lokacin da England ta doke [[Argentina national rugby union team|Argentina]] da ci 37–15.<ref>{{cite news |title=England 37–15 Argentina |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/english/8085872.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=6 June 2009 |access-date=7 June 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090606171212/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/english/8085872.stm |archive-date=6 June 2009 }}</ref> Filin wasan na ɗaya daga cikin filayen wasa 12 da aka tabbatar za su karɓi bakuncin wasannin [[2015 Rugby World Cup]]; duk da haka, a watan Afrilu 2013 United ta janye daga yarjejeniyar saboda damuwa game da ingancin filin wasa da kuma rashin son lalata dangantakarsu da wasan rugby mai ‘yan wasa 13.<ref>{{cite news |title=England will host 2015 World Cup |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/8170488.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=28 July 2009 |access-date=15 September 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803080622/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/rugby_union/8170488.stm |archive-date=3 August 2009 }}</ref> ===Sauran wasanni=== Kafin gina filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Old Trafford, an yi amfani da wurin wajen wasannin [[shinty]], wasan gargajiya na tsaunukan Scotland.<ref name="shinty">{{cite news|url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article1431145.ece |title=Top football clubs played host to Scots sport of shinty |work=The Independent |date=9 September 2006 |access-date=23 August 2007 |location=London |first=Ian |last=Herbert |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927181714/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article1431145.ece |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref> A lokacin [[World War I|Yaƙin Duniya na Farko]], sojojin Amurka sun yi amfani da filin wajen wasannin baseball.<ref name="miscellany">Mitten p. 138</ref> A watan Yuli 1927, Old Trafford ya karɓi bakuncin wasan baje koli na tennis tsakanin zakarar Olympics ta Faransa kuma wadda ta lashe Grand Slam, [[Suzanne Lenglen]], da ‘yar wasan [[British Ceylon]] [[Evelyn Dewhurst]]. Lenglen ta doke Dewhurst da ci 6–0, 6–2 a gaban ‘yan kallo sama da 15,000.<ref>Manchester United Museum</ref> A ranar 17 ga Satumba 1981, an buga sashen Arewa na gasar [[cricket]] ta [[Lambert & Butler Floodlit Competition]] a wurin; a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, [[Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club|Nottinghamshire]] ta doke [[Derbyshire County Cricket Club|Derbyshire]], yayin da [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] ta doke [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]], kafin Lancashire ta doke Nottinghamshire da gudu 8 a wasan ƙarshe, ta samu gurbin shiga wasan ƙarshe na ƙasa, wanda aka buga tsakanin sauran waɗanda suka yi nasara a yankuna a [[Stamford Bridge (stadium)|Stamford Bridge]] washegari.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lambert and Butler Floodlit Competition 1981 |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/5/Lambert_and_Butler_Floodlit_Competition_1981.html |publisher=CricketArchive |access-date=3 June 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705031950/http://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/5/Lambert_and_Butler_Floodlit_Competition_1981.html |archive-date=5 July 2014 }}</ref> A watan Oktoba 1993, an gudanar da fafatawar haɗa kambunan [[World Boxing Council|WBC]] da [[World Boxing Organization|WBO]] ta nauyin Super-Middleweight a filin, inda kusan mutane 42,000 suka biya kuɗi domin kallon zakaran WBO [[Chris Eubank]] yana fafatawa da zakaran WBC [[Nigel Benn]].<ref>McCartney (1996), p. 74</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Steve |last=Bartram |title=Boxing's big night at OT |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2013/Oct/old-trafford-hosted-nigel-benn-chris-eubank-fight-on-this-day-in-1993.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=9 October 2013 |access-date=10 October 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009131627/http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Features/2013/Oct/old-trafford-hosted-nigel-benn-chris-eubank-fight-on-this-day-in-1993.aspx |archive-date=9 October 2013 }}</ref> ===Wasannin kide-kide da sauran ayyuka=== Baya ga amfani da filin wajen wasanni, an gudanar da kide-kide da dama a Old Trafford, inda manyan mawaka kamar [[Bon Jovi]], [[Genesis (band)|Genesis]], [[Bruce Springsteen]], [[Status Quo (band)|Status Quo]], [[Rod Stewart]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Good pitches make for good matches|newspaper=New Sunday Times|location=Kuala Lumpur|date=22 March 1992|page=20|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nZ1YAAAAIBAJ&pg=6796%2C500514|first=Alex|last=Ferguson|author-link=Alex Ferguson|access-date=8 January 2015|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204135227/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nZ1YAAAAIBAJ&pg=6796%2C500514|url-status=live}}</ref> da [[Simply Red]] suka yi wasanni a wurin. An ɗauki wani shiri na ''[[Songs of Praise]]'' a wurin a watan Satumba 1994.<ref name="miscellany"/> Ana kuma amfani da Old Trafford akai-akai wajen ayyuka na musamman, musamman bukukuwan aure, bukukuwan Kirsimeti da tarukan kasuwanci.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events.aspx |title=Conferences & Events |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228002452/http://web.archive.org/web/20101228002452/http://www.manutd.com/en/Conferences-And-Events.aspx |archive-date=28 December 2010 }}</ref> An gudanar da bikin aure na farko a filin a Premier Suite a watan Fabrairu 1996.<ref name="mccartney_94"/> ==Bayanan tarihi da ƙididdiga== [[File:Oldtraffordaverageattendances.png|thumb|Jadawalin matsakaicin yawan ‘yan kallon Manchester United daga 1949 zuwa 2009]] Adadin ‘yan kallo mafi yawa da aka taɓa samu a Old Trafford shi ne 76,962, a wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na [[FA Cup]] tsakanin [[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]] da [[Grimsby Town F.C.|Grimsby Town]] a ranar 25 ga Maris 1939.<ref name="sky_sports"/> Sai dai wannan ya faru ne kafin a sauya filin wasan zuwa filin da ke da kujeru kawai, wanda ya ba da damar samun ƙarin mutane a cikin filin. Adadin ‘yan kallo mafi yawa da Old Trafford ya samu a matsayin filin da ke da kujeru kawai a halin yanzu shi ne 76,098, wanda aka samu a wasan [[Premier League]] tsakanin Manchester United da [[Blackburn Rovers F.C.|Blackburn Rovers]] a ranar 31 ga Maris 2007.<ref name="sky_sports"/> Adadin ‘yan kallo mafi yawa da Old Trafford ya samu a wasan da ba na gasa ba shi ne 74,731, wanda aka samu a ranar 5 ga Agusta 2011 a wasan sada zumunta na kafin kakar wasa tsakanin Manchester United da [[New York Cosmos (2013–2020)|New York Cosmos]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Marshall |title=United 6 New York Cosmos 0 |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2011/Aug/manchester-united-v-ny-cosmos.aspx |work=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |date=5 August 2011 |access-date=26 August 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814061935/http://www.manutd.com/en/Fixtures-And-Results/Match-Reports/2011/Aug/manchester-united-v-ny-cosmos.aspx |archive-date=14 August 2011 }}</ref> Mafi ƙarancin adadin ‘yan kallo da aka samu a wasan gasa a Old Trafford a zamanin bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu shi ne 11,968, lokacin da United ta doke [[Fulham F.C.|Fulham]] da ci 3–0 a ranar 29 ga Afrilu 1950.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stretfordend.co.uk/seasons/season1950.html |title=Season 1949/50 – Matches and Teamsheets |access-date=5 September 2008 |publisher=StretfordEnd.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625010416/http://www.stretfordend.co.uk/seasons/season1950.html |archive-date=25 June 2008 }}</ref> Sai dai a ranar 7 ga Mayu 1921, filin ya karɓi bakuncin wasan [[Football League Second Division|Second Division]] tsakanin [[Stockport County F.C.|Stockport County]] da [[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]], inda adadin ‘yan kallo na hukuma ya kasance 13 kacal. Wannan adadi ba ya ba da cikakken hoto, domin filin ya kuma ƙunshi mutane da yawa daga cikin ‘yan kallo 10,000 da suka zauna bayan kallon wasan da Manchester United ta buga da [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] a farkon wannan rana.<ref name="mccartney_16-17">McCartney (1996), pp. 16–17</ref> Mafi girman matsakaicin adadin ‘yan kallo a Old Trafford a cikin kakar lig shi ne 75,826, wanda aka samu a kakar 2006–07.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stretfordend.co.uk/seasons/season2007.html |title=Season 2006/07 – Season Summary |access-date=5 September 2008 |publisher=StretfordEnd.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821024025/http://www.stretfordend.co.uk/seasons/season2007.html |archive-date=21 August 2008 }}</ref> Jimillar adadin ‘yan kallo mafi yawa a Old Trafford ta kasance bayan kakar biyu, lokacin da mutane 2,197,429 suka kalli Manchester United ta lashe Premier League a karo na uku a jere, da [[Football League Cup|League Cup]], tare da kai wa wasan ƙarshe na [[UEFA Champions League]] da wasan kusa da na ƙarshe na FA Cup.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stretfordend.co.uk/seasons/season2009.html |title=Season 2008/09 – Season Summary |access-date=14 July 2009 |publisher=StretfordEnd.co.uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228043841/http://www.stretfordend.co.uk/seasons/season2009.html |archive-date=28 February 2009 }}</ref> Mafi ƙarancin matsakaicin adadin ‘yan kallo a Old Trafford ya kasance a kakar 1930–31, lokacin da matsakaicin ‘yan kallo 11,685 suka kalli kowane wasa.<ref>James, p. 154</ref> ==Sufuri== A kusa da Sir Bobby Charlton Stand na filin wasan akwai [[Manchester United Football Ground railway station]]. Tashar tana tsakanin tashoshin [[Deansgate railway station|Deansgate]] da [[Trafford Park railway station|Trafford Park]] a ɓangaren Kudancin hanyar Northern Rail ta [[Liverpool to Manchester Lines|hanyar Liverpool zuwa Manchester]]. Da farko tana yi wa filin wasan hidima ne kawai a ranakun wasanni, amma an dakatar da wannan sabis ɗin bisa buƙatar kulob ɗin saboda dalilan tsaro.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.northernrail.org/pdfs/network_map/network_map.pdf |title=Network Map |access-date=7 February 2008 |publisher=Northern Rail |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410093323/http://www.northernrail.org/pdfs/network_map/network_map.pdf |archive-date=10 April 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Manchester United Football Ground (MUF) |url=https://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/MUF/details.html |publisher=National Rail |access-date=2 January 2023 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102002533/https://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/MUF/details.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Filin wasan yana samun sabis daga layukan [[Altrincham Line|Altricham]], [[Eccles Line|Eccles]], [[South Manchester Line|South Manchester]] da [[Trafford Park Line|Trafford Park]] na tsarin [[Manchester Metrolink]], inda tashoshin da suka fi kusa su ne [[Wharfside tram stop|Wharfside]], [[Old Trafford tram stop|Old Trafford]] (wanda yake tare da [[Old Trafford Cricket Ground]]) da [[Exchange Quay tram stop|Exchange Quay]] a kusa da [[Salford Quays]]. Dukkan waɗannan tashoshi uku suna ƙasa da tafiyar mintuna 10 daga filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metrolink.co.uk/Lists/ServiceDisruptions/Attachments/16/Walking%20route%20to%20Old%20Trafford.pdf|title=Metrolink – Walking route to Old Trafford|publisher=Metrolink|access-date=12 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140327050819/http://www.metrolink.co.uk/Lists/ServiceDisruptions/Attachments/16/Walking%20route%20to%20Old%20Trafford.pdf|archive-date=27 March 2014}}</ref> Motocin bas 255 da 256, waɗanda [[Stagecoach Manchester]] ke tafiyarwa, da 263, wanda [[Arriva North West]] ke tafiyarwa, suna tashi daga [[Manchester Piccadilly Gardens bus station|Piccadilly Gardens]] a Manchester zuwa Chester Road, suna tsayawa kusa da Sir Matt Busby Way, yayin da sabis na Stagecoach mai lamba 250 yake tsayawa a wajen Old Trafford a Wharfside Way, kuma sabis na X50 yana tsayawa a ɗaya gefen Old Trafford a Water's Reach.<ref name="Manchester South Network Map">{{cite news |title=Manchester South Network Map |url=https://assets.ctfassets.net/nv7y93idf4jq/4tXo7lgwJBsB0PpLw8TWlP/bfbe1f6611d701181d04a8b045f5baa7/Manchester_South_map.pdf |publisher=Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive |access-date=19 February 2010 |archive-date=13 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713193408/https://assets.ctfassets.net/nv7y93idf4jq/4tXo7lgwJBsB0PpLw8TWlP/bfbe1f6611d701181d04a8b045f5baa7/Manchester_South_map.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Haka kuma akwai ƙarin motocin bas na ranakun wasanni a sabis na 255, waɗanda ke tafiya tsakanin Old Trafford da tsakiyar birnin Manchester.<ref>{{cite news |title=255 |url=http://www.stagecoachbus.com/timetables.aspx?serviceid=280&locationId=109&from=&to=&locval=31 |publisher=Stagecoach Bus |access-date=10 September 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502231602/http://www.stagecoachbus.com/timetables.aspx?serviceid=280&locationId=109&from=&to=&locval=31 |archive-date=2 May 2013 }}</ref> Sauran sabis ɗin da ke zuwa Old Trafford sun haɗa da sabis na Arriva mai lamba 79 (Stretford – Swinton), wanda ke tsayawa a Chester Road, da 245 (Altrincham – Exchange Quay), wanda ke tsayawa a Trafford Wharf Road, da kuma sabis na [[First Greater Manchester]] mai lamba 53 (Cheetham – Pendleton) da sabis na Stagecoach mai lamba 84 (Withington Hospital – Manchester), waɗanda ke tsayawa a kusa da [[Trafford Bar tram stop]].<ref name="Manchester South Network Map"/> Filin wasan yana da wuraren ajiye motoci da dama, kuma duk suna cikin nisan tafiya daga filin wasan; ana iya ajiye mota a wuraren kyauta a ranakun da babu wasa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Maps & Directions |url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Maps-And-Directions.aspx |website=ManUtd.com |publisher=Manchester United |access-date=19 February 2018 |archive-date=20 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220152028/http://www.manutd.com/en/Visit-Old-Trafford/Maps-And-Directions.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Manazarta== '''Littattafan da aka yi amfani da su''' * {{cite book |last1=Barnes |first1=Justyn |last2=Bostock |first2=Adam |last3=Butler |first3=Cliff |last4=Ferguson |first4=Jim |last5=Meek |first5=David |last6=Mitten |first6=Andy |last7=Pilger |first7=Sam |last8=Taylor |first8=Frank OBE |last9=Tyrrell |first9=Tom |title=The Official Manchester United Illustrated Encyclopaedia |publisher=Manchester United Books |year=2001 |location=London |isbn=0-233-99964-7 }} * {{cite book |last=Brandon |first=Derek |title=A–Z of Manchester Football: 100 Years of Rivalry |publisher=Boondoggle |location=London |year=1978 }} * {{cite book |last=Butt |first=R. V. J. |author-link=Raymond Butt |title=The Directory of Railway Stations |year=1995 |publisher=Patrick Stephens |isbn=1-85260-508-1 }} * {{cite book |last=Inglis |first=Simon |title=Football Grounds of Britain |orig-year=1985 |edition=3rd |year=1996 |publisher=CollinsWillow |location=London |isbn=0-00-218426-5 }} * {{cite book |last=James |first=Gary |title=Manchester – A Football History |publisher=James Ward |location=Halifax |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-9558127-0-5 }} * {{cite book |last=McCartney |first=Iain |title=Old Trafford – Theatre of Dreams |year=1996 |publisher=Yore Publications |location=Harefield |isbn=1-874427-96-8 }} * {{cite book |last=Mitten |first=Andy |title=The Man Utd Miscellany |url=https://archive.org/details/manutdmiscellany0000mitt |url-access=registration |year=2007 |publisher=Vision Sports Publishing |location=London |isbn=978-1-905326-27-3 }} * {{cite book |last=Murphy |first=Alex |title=The Official Illustrated History of Manchester United |publisher=Orion Books |year=2006 |location=London |isbn=0-7528-7603-1 }} * {{cite book |last1=Rollin |first1=Glenda |last2=Rollin |first2=Jack |title=Sky Sports Football Yearbook 2008–2009 |series=Sky Sports Football Yearbooks |year=2008 |publisher=Headline Publishing Group |location=London |isbn=978-0-7553-1820-9 }} * {{cite book |last=White |first=John |title=The United Miscellany |publisher=Carlton Books |year=2007 |location=London |isbn=978-1-84442-745-1 }} * {{cite book |last=White |first=John D. T. |title=The Official Manchester United Almanac |edition=1st |year=2008 |publisher=Orion Books |location=London |isbn=978-0-7528-9192-7 }} '''Bayanan kula''' {{reflist}} {{Coord|format=dms|display=title}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|2}} j1hygr1be5jka08xwg8c1l3gzvfgnf3 0 177840 961803 2026-10-02T07:54:01Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Tudu Kwaya | settlement_type = Ward and settlement | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Billiri]] | postal_code = 771101 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Tudu Kwaya''' yanki ne da ke cikin [[Billiri Local Government Area]] na [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Tudu Kwaya kuma yana daga ci... 961803 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Tudu Kwaya | settlement_type = Ward and settlement | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Billiri]] | postal_code = 771101 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Tudu Kwaya''' yanki ne da ke cikin [[Billiri Local Government Area]] na [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Tudu Kwaya kuma yana daga cikin yankuna da aka ayyana a matsayin ''ward'' a Billiri, kuma yana da alaƙa da wasu ƙauyuka da wuraren zama da dama da ke ƙarƙashinsa. Bayanan Hukumar Zaɓe ta Ƙasa (INEC) sun nuna cewa Tudu Kwaya yana da lambar Registration Area/ward ta 10 a cikin Billiri Local Government Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=RA-LGA Analysis Nationwide |url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/RA-LGA-ANALYSIS-NATIONWIDE.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi da matsayi == Tudu Kwaya yana cikin jerin garuruwa da ƙauyukan Billiri Local Government Area na Jihar Gombe. Jerin ƙauyukan Jihar Gombe ya ambaci Tudu Kwaya a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin Billiri, tare da wasu wurare kamar Tal, Tanglang da Todi. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin gudanarwa na zaɓe, INEC ta ware Tudu Kwaya a matsayin Registration Area/ward mai lamba 10 a Billiri Local Government Area. Wannan ya bambanta da wasu yankunan Billiri kamar Todi, Tal, Tanglang, Kalmai da Bare, waɗanda su ma suke da nasu Registration Areas. <ref>{{cite web |title=RA-LGA Analysis Nationwide |url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/RA-LGA-ANALYSIS-NATIONWIDE.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Makarantu da wuraren zaɓe == Tudu Kwaya na da wuraren kaɗa kuri'a da dama. Kundin INEC ya nuna Tudu Kwaya I da Tudu Kwaya II a makarantar firamare ta Kwaya, yayin da Tudu Kwaya III yake a K. Sarki Tudu. Wannan bayanin ya nuna cewa makarantu da wuraren taruwar al'umma suna daga cikin muhimman wuraren da ake amfani da su wajen gudanar da zaɓe a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Baya ga wuraren da ke ɗauke da sunan Tudu Kwaya kai tsaye, Registration Area ɗin ya haɗa da wurare kamar Yol­de, Lawishi, Lakondo, Layona, Fulani Jilo, Latana I, Latana II, Poshalo da Panguru. Kundin INEC ya lissafa waɗannan wurare a matsayin polling units da ke ƙarƙashin Tudu Kwaya Registration Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Zaɓe == Tudu Kwaya yana da muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin gudanar da zaɓe a Billiri saboda matsayinsa na ward. Bayanai kan polling units na yankin sun nuna cewa akwai wuraren kaɗa kuri'a da suka haɗa da Tudu Kwaya I, Tudu Kwaya II, Tudu Kwaya III, Yol­de, Lawishi, Lakondo, Layona, Fulani Jilo, Latana, Poshalo da Panguru. <ref>{{cite web |title=Billiri L.G.A Polling Units/Wards |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/billiri-l-g-a-polling-units-wards/ |publisher=Media Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin kundin INEC da aka sake tsara, an nuna cewa Tudu Kwaya Registration Area tana da polling units 12 a cikin bayanan da aka wallafa na shekarar 2015. Daga cikinsu akwai wuraren da ke Tudu Kwaya kai tsaye da kuma wasu wurare da ke cikin wannan Registration Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Wasu bayanan da aka wallafa daga baya sun nuna ƙarin polling units a Tudu Kwaya ward, ciki har da sabbin wuraren da aka danganta da Tudu Kwaya da Layona. Wannan yana nuna cewa tsarin polling units na yankin ya samu sauye-sauye tun bayan kundin INEC na 2015. <ref>{{cite web |title=Billiri L.G.A Polling Units/Wards |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/billiri-l-g-a-polling-units-wards/ |publisher=Media Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Noma == Billiri Local Government Area tana cikin yankin Guinea savanna na Najeriya, kuma noma yana daga cikin muhimman ayyukan tattalin arziki a yankin. Wani binciken ilimi kan noman masara a Billiri ya yi amfani da Tudu Kwaya a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin wards ɗin da aka gudanar da bincike a kansu, tare da sauran wards na ƙaramar hukumar. <ref>{{cite journal |title=Production and marketing of quality protein maize in Billiri Local Government Area of Gombe State, Nigeria |journal=Journal of Agripreneurship and Sustainable Development |volume=3 |number=1 |year=2020 |url=https://www.njaat.com.ng/index.php/jasd/article/download/110/78 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Binciken ya nuna cewa manoma daga Tudu Kwaya suna cikin al'ummar manoman da aka yi nazari a kai a Billiri. An zaɓi manoma daga wards daban-daban na ƙaramar hukumar domin nazarin samarwa da tallata irin masarar da ake kira Quality Protein Maize. <ref>{{cite journal |title=Production and marketing of quality protein maize in Billiri Local Government Area of Gombe State, Nigeria |journal=Journal of Agripreneurship and Sustainable Development |volume=3 |number=1 |year=2020 |url=https://www.njaat.com.ng/index.php/jasd/article/download/110 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Ruwa da ayyukan gwamnati == An kuma ambaci Tudu Kwaya a cikin takardun kasafin kuɗin gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya da suka shafi ayyukan samar da ruwa. Wata takardar kasafin kuɗi ta ambaci samar da rijiyoyin burtsatse masu amfani da hasken rana a Tudu Kwaya Ward, Billiri Local Government Area, a matsayin wani ɓangare na ayyukan samar da ruwa a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=2013 Appropriation: Summary of Water Projects |url=https://budgetoffice.gov.ng/pdfs/2013%20appropriation/8.%20Summary_Water.pdf |publisher=Budget Office of the Federation, Federal Government of Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin Tudu Kwaya == A cikin bayanan wuraren zama na Billiri, Tudu Kwaya Registration Area tana da wurare da dama waɗanda suka haɗa da Tudu Kwaya, Yol­de, Lawishi, Lakondo, Layona, Fulani Jilo, Latana, Poshalo da Panguru. Waɗannan sunaye suna bayyana a cikin bayanan polling units da na wuraren zama na yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Billiri]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Tangale]] * [[Todi]] * [[Tal]] * [[Tanglang]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} c0i9ffylgipmvd9qug6bogc6epu448x 0 177841 961804 2026-10-02T07:56:48Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Hashidu | settlement_type = Town and ward | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | postal_code = 760106 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Hashidu''' gari ne da kuma yankin gudanarwa na zaɓe (ward) da ke cikin [[Dukku Local Government Area]] ta [[Gombe State]], a arewa maso gaba... 961804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Hashidu | settlement_type = Town and ward | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | postal_code = 760106 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Hashidu''' gari ne da kuma yankin gudanarwa na zaɓe (ward) da ke cikin [[Dukku Local Government Area]] ta [[Gombe State]], a arewa maso gabashin [[Nigeria]]. Hashidu na daga cikin muhimman yankunan gudanarwa na Dukku, kuma Hukumar Zaɓe ta Ƙasa (INEC) ta ware shi a matsayin Registration Area mai lamba 02 a cikin ƙaramar hukumar Dukku. <ref>{{cite web |title=PVC Collection Centres for Ward Level |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-3.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi da matsayi == Hashidu yana cikin yankin [[Dukku]] na Jihar Gombe. Bayanai kan rarrabuwar wuraren zama a Jihar Gombe sun nuna cewa Hashidu yana cikin Dukku Local Government Area, kuma ana danganta wurare da dama da shi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Babagana, Bulturi, Dirongo, Dokoro, Duggiri, Gaji-Gala Gombe Abba, Gaye, Gode, Guza, Jamari, Kaigamari, Kaloma, Koboje, Kukan Zaure, Lafiya, Maltewo, Timbu, Wuro Tale da Yole. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin gudanar da zaɓe, Hashidu yana daga cikin wards na Dukku Local Government Area. Kundin INEC na cibiyoyin karɓar PVC ya nuna Hashidu a matsayin Registration Area mai lamba 02, kuma Hashidu Primary School aka ayyana a matsayin wurin karɓar katunan zaɓe na yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=PVC Collection Centres for Ward Level |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-3.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin Hashidu == Daga cikin wuraren da ake danganta da Hashidu akwai Babagana, Bulturi, Dirongo, Dokoro, Duggiri, Gaji-Gala Gombe Abba, Gaye, Gode, Guza, Jamari, Kaigamari, Kaloma, Koboje, Kukan Zaure, Lafiya, Maltewo, Timbu, Wuro Tale da Yole. Waɗannan sunaye sun bayyana a cikin bayanan wuraren zama da aka tattara a ƙarƙashin Hashidu a Dukku Local Government Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan polling units sun kuma nuna cewa akwai wuraren kaɗa kuri'a da dama a cikin Hashidu ward, ciki har da Madaki East da Madaki West a Hashidu, Madaki Central, Wuro Bundu, Jauro Jalo, Jauro Yauta da Wuro Nareje. Wasu daga cikin wuraren suna da makarantu, asibitoci ko gidajen unguwa da ake amfani da su wajen gudanar da harkokin jama'a. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Zaɓe == Hashidu yana da matsayi a tsarin zaɓe na Dukku saboda kasancewarsa ɗaya daga cikin Registration Areas na ƙaramar hukumar. Bayanai na INEC da aka wallafa gabanin zaɓen 2023 sun nuna cewa Hashidu yana da cibiyar karɓar PVC a Hashidu Primary School. <ref>{{cite web |title=PVC Collection Centres for Ward Level |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-3.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, an gudanar da zaɓen cike gurbi na Dukku North Constituency na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Gombe. Rahoton News Agency of Nigeria (NAN), wanda The Guardian ta wallafa, ya bayyana cewa an gudanar da zaɓen a polling units 103 da suka shafi wards shida, ciki har da Hashidu, Jamari, Lafiya, Malala, Wuro-Tale da Zaune. <ref>{{cite news |title=PDP wins Gombe bye-election |url=https://guardian.ng/politics/pdp-wins-gombe-bye-election/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=20 August 2017 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Ilimi da cibiyoyin jama'a == Hashidu na da cibiyoyin jama'a da ake amfani da su wajen hidimar al'umma. Kundin bayanan polling units ya ambaci Hashidu Central Primary School, Hashidu Dispensary da Hashidu Maternity, tare da wasu wuraren kaɗa kuri'a a Madaki da sauran ƙauyukan yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Makarantar firamare ta Hashidu tana kuma taka rawa wajen harkokin zaɓe, domin INEC ta ayyana Hashidu Primary School a matsayin wurin karɓar katunan zaɓe na Registration Area ɗin Hashidu. Wannan yana nuna amfani da makarantu a matsayin muhimman wuraren hidimar jama'a da gudanar da harkokin zaɓe a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=PVC Collection Centres for Ward Level |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-3.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Sufuri da hanyoyi == Hashidu yana cikin tsarin hanyoyin da suka haɗa wuraren Dukku da sauran sassan Jihar Gombe. Tsarin ci gaban Jihar Gombe na shekarar 2021–2030 ya ambaci aikin gyaran hanyar Gombe Abba–Hashidu–Malala a cikin jerin ayyukan hanyoyin da aka tsara a jihar. <ref>{{cite report |title=Gombe State Development Plan 2021–2030 |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2021/12/MAIN-INNER-compressed.pdf |publisher=Gombe State Government |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma, wannan tsarin ci gaba ya ambaci hanyar Dukku–Kalam–Dokoro/Jamari, wadda take da alaƙa da wasu yankunan da ke cikin faɗin Dukku. Irin waɗannan hanyoyi suna da muhimmanci wajen haɗa ƙauyuka da wuraren kasuwanci, makarantu da cibiyoyin gwamnati. <ref>{{cite report |title=Gombe State Development Plan 2021–2030 |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2021/12/MAIN-INNER-compressed.pdf |publisher=Gombe State Government |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Fitattun mutane == Hashidu ta kasance mahaifar wasu fitattun 'yan asalin Gombe. Daga cikinsu akwai Farfesa Rufai Ahmed Alkali, wanda Vanguard ta bayyana cewa an haife shi a Hashidu, Dukku Local Government Area ta Jihar Gombe. Alkali ya taba rike mukamai a gwamnatin jihar, sannan daga baya ya zama fitaccen ɗan siyasa kuma mai magana da yawun jam'iyyar PDP. <ref>{{cite news |title=PDP Chair: Meet the first Eleven |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/03/pdp-chairmeet-the-first-eleven/ |work=Vanguard |date=2012 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma, Abubakar Habu Hashidu, wanda ya kasance gwamnan Jihar Gombe daga watan Mayun 1999 zuwa Mayun 2003, ana danganta sunansa da Hashidu. The Guardian ta bayyana cewa ya kasance tsohon gwamnan Gombe, kuma kafin ya zama gwamna ya taba rike mukamin Ministan Albarkatun Ruwa da kuma Ministan Noma da Raya Karkara a lokacin gwamnatin soji ta Janar Ibrahim Babangida. <ref>{{cite news |title=Ex-Gombe Governor, Hashidu dies at 74 |url=https://guardian.ng/news/ex-gombe-governor-hashidu-dies-at-74/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=28 July 2018 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Abubakar Habu Hashidu ya kasance gwamnan farko na farar hula na Jihar Gombe bayan komawar Najeriya zuwa mulkin dimokuraɗiyya a shekarar 1999. The Guardian ta kuma ruwaito cewa ya rasu a ranar 27 ga Yuli 2018 yana da shekaru 74. <ref>{{cite news |title=Dogara mourns death of ex-Gov. Habu Hashidu |url=https://guardian.ng/news/dogara-mourns-death-of-ex-gov-habu-hashidu/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=27 July 2018 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tattalin arziki == A matsayin wani yanki na Dukku Local Government Area, Hashidu yana cikin yankin karkarar Jihar Gombe inda ƙauyuka da dama suke da alaƙa da harkokin noma da sauran ayyukan tattalin arziki. Duk da haka, ba a samu sahihin ƙidayar da ta nuna takamaiman adadin manoma ko nau'o'in amfanin gona na Hashidu kaɗai ba, saboda haka ba a ƙayyade irin waɗannan bayanai a nan ba. == Duba kuma == * [[Dukku]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Abubakar Habu Hashidu]] * [[Rufai Ahmed Alkali]] * [[Gombe Abba]] * [[Jamari]] * [[Wuro Tale]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 70qigvdjal52bdjyhsrm2g5crj7yx6o 0 177842 961805 2026-10-02T08:00:25Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Hashidu | settlement_type = Town and ward | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | postal_code = 760106 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Hashidu''' gari ne da kuma yankin gudanarwa na zaɓe (ward) da ke cikin [[Dukku Local Government Area]] ta [[Gombe State]], a arewa maso gaba... 961805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Hashidu | settlement_type = Town and ward | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | postal_code = 760106 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Hashidu''' gari ne da kuma yankin gudanarwa na zaɓe (ward) da ke cikin [[Dukku Local Government Area]] ta [[Gombe State]], a arewa maso gabashin [[Nigeria]]. Hashidu na daga cikin muhimman yankunan gudanarwa na Dukku, kuma Hukumar Zaɓe ta Ƙasa (INEC) ta ware shi a matsayin Registration Area mai lamba 02 a cikin ƙaramar hukumar Dukku. <ref>{{cite web |title=PVC Collection Centres for Ward Level |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-3.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tarihi da matsayi == Hashidu yana cikin yankin [[Dukku]] na Jihar Gombe. Bayanai kan rarrabuwar wuraren zama a Jihar Gombe sun nuna cewa Hashidu yana cikin Dukku Local Government Area, kuma ana danganta wurare da dama da shi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Babagana, Bulturi, Dirongo, Dokoro, Duggiri, Gaji-Gala Gombe Abba, Gaye, Gode, Guza, Jamari, Kaigamari, Kaloma, Koboje, Kukan Zaure, Lafiya, Maltewo, Timbu, Wuro Tale da Yole. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin gudanar da zaɓe, Hashidu yana daga cikin wards na Dukku Local Government Area. Kundin INEC na cibiyoyin karɓar PVC ya nuna Hashidu a matsayin Registration Area mai lamba 02, kuma Hashidu Primary School aka ayyana a matsayin wurin karɓar katunan zaɓe na yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=PVC Collection Centres for Ward Level |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-3.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin Hashidu == Daga cikin wuraren da ake danganta da Hashidu akwai Babagana, Bulturi, Dirongo, Dokoro, Duggiri, Gaji-Gala Gombe Abba, Gaye, Gode, Guza, Jamari, Kaigamari, Kaloma, Koboje, Kukan Zaure, Lafiya, Maltewo, Timbu, Wuro Tale da Yole. Waɗannan sunaye sun bayyana a cikin bayanan wuraren zama da aka tattara a ƙarƙashin Hashidu a Dukku Local Government Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan polling units sun kuma nuna cewa akwai wuraren kaɗa kuri'a da dama a cikin Hashidu ward, ciki har da Madaki East da Madaki West a Hashidu, Madaki Central, Wuro Bundu, Jauro Jalo, Jauro Yauta da Wuro Nareje. Wasu daga cikin wuraren suna da makarantu, asibitoci ko gidajen unguwa da ake amfani da su wajen gudanar da harkokin jama'a. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Zaɓe == Hashidu yana da matsayi a tsarin zaɓe na Dukku saboda kasancewarsa ɗaya daga cikin Registration Areas na ƙaramar hukumar. Bayanai na INEC da aka wallafa gabanin zaɓen 2023 sun nuna cewa Hashidu yana da cibiyar karɓar PVC a Hashidu Primary School. <ref>{{cite web |title=PVC Collection Centres for Ward Level |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-3.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2017, an gudanar da zaɓen cike gurbi na Dukku North Constituency na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Gombe. Rahoton News Agency of Nigeria (NAN), wanda The Guardian ta wallafa, ya bayyana cewa an gudanar da zaɓen a polling units 103 da suka shafi wards shida, ciki har da Hashidu, Jamari, Lafiya, Malala, Wuro-Tale da Zaune. <ref>{{cite news |title=PDP wins Gombe bye-election |url=https://guardian.ng/politics/pdp-wins-gombe-bye-election/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=20 August 2017 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Ilimi da cibiyoyin jama'a == Hashidu na da cibiyoyin jama'a da ake amfani da su wajen hidimar al'umma. Kundin bayanan polling units ya ambaci Hashidu Central Primary School, Hashidu Dispensary da Hashidu Maternity, tare da wasu wuraren kaɗa kuri'a a Madaki da sauran ƙauyukan yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Makarantar firamare ta Hashidu tana kuma taka rawa wajen harkokin zaɓe, domin INEC ta ayyana Hashidu Primary School a matsayin wurin karɓar katunan zaɓe na Registration Area ɗin Hashidu. Wannan yana nuna amfani da makarantu a matsayin muhimman wuraren hidimar jama'a da gudanar da harkokin zaɓe a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=PVC Collection Centres for Ward Level |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-3.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Sufuri da hanyoyi == Hashidu yana cikin tsarin hanyoyin da suka haɗa wuraren Dukku da sauran sassan Jihar Gombe. Tsarin ci gaban Jihar Gombe na shekarar 2021–2030 ya ambaci aikin gyaran hanyar Gombe Abba–Hashidu–Malala a cikin jerin ayyukan hanyoyin da aka tsara a jihar. <ref>{{cite report |title=Gombe State Development Plan 2021–2030 |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2021/12/MAIN-INNER-compressed.pdf |publisher=Gombe State Government |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma, wannan tsarin ci gaba ya ambaci hanyar Dukku–Kalam–Dokoro/Jamari, wadda take da alaƙa da wasu yankunan da ke cikin faɗin Dukku. Irin waɗannan hanyoyi suna da muhimmanci wajen haɗa ƙauyuka da wuraren kasuwanci, makarantu da cibiyoyin gwamnati. <ref>{{cite report |title=Gombe State Development Plan 2021–2030 |url=https://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2021/12/MAIN-INNER-compressed.pdf |publisher=Gombe State Government |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Fitattun mutane == Hashidu ta kasance mahaifar wasu fitattun 'yan asalin Gombe. Daga cikinsu akwai Farfesa Rufai Ahmed Alkali, wanda Vanguard ta bayyana cewa an haife shi a Hashidu, Dukku Local Government Area ta Jihar Gombe. Alkali ya taba rike mukamai a gwamnatin jihar, sannan daga baya ya zama fitaccen ɗan siyasa kuma mai magana da yawun jam'iyyar PDP. <ref>{{cite news |title=PDP Chair: Meet the first Eleven |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/03/pdp-chairmeet-the-first-eleven/ |work=Vanguard |date=2012 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma, Abubakar Habu Hashidu, wanda ya kasance gwamnan Jihar Gombe daga watan Mayun 1999 zuwa Mayun 2003, ana danganta sunansa da Hashidu. The Guardian ta bayyana cewa ya kasance tsohon gwamnan Gombe, kuma kafin ya zama gwamna ya taba rike mukamin Ministan Albarkatun Ruwa da kuma Ministan Noma da Raya Karkara a lokacin gwamnatin soji ta Janar Ibrahim Babangida. <ref>{{cite news |title=Ex-Gombe Governor, Hashidu dies at 74 |url=https://guardian.ng/news/ex-gombe-governor-hashidu-dies-at-74/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=28 July 2018 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Abubakar Habu Hashidu ya kasance gwamnan farko na farar hula na Jihar Gombe bayan komawar Najeriya zuwa mulkin dimokuraɗiyya a shekarar 1999. The Guardian ta kuma ruwaito cewa ya rasu a ranar 27 ga Yuli 2018 yana da shekaru 74. <ref>{{cite news |title=Dogara mourns death of ex-Gov. Habu Hashidu |url=https://guardian.ng/news/dogara-mourns-death-of-ex-gov-habu-hashidu/ |work=The Guardian Nigeria |date=27 July 2018 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tattalin arziki == A matsayin wani yanki na Dukku Local Government Area, Hashidu yana cikin yankin karkarar Jihar Gombe inda ƙauyuka da dama suke da alaƙa da harkokin noma da sauran ayyukan tattalin arziki. Duk da haka, ba a samu sahihin ƙidayar da ta nuna takamaiman adadin manoma ko nau'o'in amfanin gona na Hashidu kaɗai ba, saboda haka ba a ƙayyade irin waɗannan bayanai a nan ba. == Duba kuma == * [[Dukku]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Abubakar Habu Hashidu]] * [[Rufai Ahmed Alkali]] * [[Gombe Abba]] * [[Jamari]] * [[Wuro Tale]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 70qigvdjal52bdjyhsrm2g5crj7yx6o 0 177843 961807 2026-10-02T08:09:36Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Kunde | settlement_type = Ward | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | postal_code = 760105 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Kunde''' wani yanki ne da ke cikin [[Dukku Local Government Area]] ta [[Gombe State]], a arewa maso gabashin [[Nigeria]]. Kunde yana daga cikin Registra... 961807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Kunde | settlement_type = Ward | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | postal_code = 760105 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Kunde''' wani yanki ne da ke cikin [[Dukku Local Government Area]] ta [[Gombe State]], a arewa maso gabashin [[Nigeria]]. Kunde yana daga cikin Registration Areas (wards) na Dukku Local Government Area, kuma an ware masa lambar 04 a tsarin gudanar da zaɓe na ƙaramar hukumar. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Matsayi da gudanarwa == Kunde yana cikin Dukku Local Government Area ta Jihar Gombe. A tsarin Registration Areas na ƙaramar hukumar, Kunde yana biye da Gombe Abba, Hashidu da Jamari, sannan Lafiya yana biyo bayansa. Wannan ya sanya Kunde ya zama ɗaya daga cikin wards 11 da aka jera a ƙarƙashin Dukku a cikin bayanan zaɓe. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan da aka tattara kan wards na Dukku sun nuna cewa Kunde tana da polling units 16. Lambar ward ɗin ita ce 15/04/04, inda 15 ke wakiltar Gombe State, 04 ke wakiltar Dukku Local Government Area, sannan 04 ke wakiltar Kunde ward. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin Kunde == Bayanan polling units na Kunde sun haɗa da Chiroma, Jagaliwol, Bawa, Zego, Sebidu, Daminya, Kokkobe, Walowa Ardo, Walowa Maude, Jangira, Wuro Bali da Wuro Nyolde. Waɗannan wurare suna cikin jerin wuraren da aka danganta da Kunde ward a Dukku. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Chiroma yana daga cikin wuraren da aka ambata a matsayin wurin kaɗa kuri'a na Kunde, inda aka sanya ''Kunde Primary School'' a matsayin cibiyar polling unit. Wannan yana nuna cewa makarantar tana taka rawa wajen harkokin jama'a da gudanar da zaɓe a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bawa ma yana daga cikin muhimman wuraren da ke cikin Kunde ward. Kundin polling units ya lissafa Bawa Primary School da kuma Kofar Mai Unguwar Jibo a matsayin wuraren kaɗa kuri'a guda biyu da ke Bawa. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Zego ma yana cikin yankin Kunde, kuma an ware masa wurin kaɗa kuri'a a Zego Dispensary. Sunan Zego/Kunde kuma ya bayyana a cikin jerin wuraren zama na Gombe State da aka danganta da Gombe Abba a wasu bayanan wuraren zama; saboda haka ya kamata a bambanta bayanin ''Zego/Kunde'' na jerin ƙauyuka da matsayin Kunde a matsayin ward. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Wuraren kaɗa kuri'a == Kundin polling units na Kunde ya nuna wuraren kaɗa kuri'a 16. Daga cikinsu akwai Chiroma, Kunde Primary School; Jagaliwol, Kunde Maternity; Bawa, Bawa Primary School; Bawa, Kofar Mai Unguwar Jibo; Zego, Zego Dispensary; Sebidu, Primary School; da Sebidu, Kofar Dan Buram. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Sauran polling units da aka jera a Kunde sun haɗa da Daminya, Dan Buram; Kokkobe, Kofar Sarki Kokkobe; Walowa Ardo, Kofar Ardo; Walowa Maude, Kofar Maude; Jangira, Jangira Primary School; Jangira, Kofar Sarki Gaskahe; Wuro Bali, Kofar Sarki Wuro Bali; Wuro Nyolde, Kofar Ardo; da Daminya Dan Buram I. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Ilimi da cibiyoyin jama'a == Makarantu da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya suna daga cikin wuraren da ake amfani da su a matsayin polling units a Kunde. Misali, Kundin polling units ya nuna Kunde Primary School, Bawa Primary School, Sebidu Primary School da Jangira Primary School, yayin da Jagaliwol ke da Kunde Maternity, sannan Zego ke da Zego Dispensary. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Amfani da makarantu da cibiyoyin lafiya a matsayin wuraren polling units yana nuna muhimmancin irin waɗannan cibiyoyi wajen samar da wuraren da al'umma ke taruwa. Sai dai bayanan da ake da su ba su isa su tabbatar da cikakken tarihin kafuwar kowace makaranta ko cibiyar lafiya da ke cikin Kunde ba, saboda haka ba a ƙara irin waɗannan bayanai ba tare da ingantaccen tushe ba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Zaɓe == Kunde tana da matsayi a tsarin zaɓe na Dukku saboda kasancewarta Registration Area/ward mai lamba 04. Bayanai kan tsarin wards na Dukku sun nuna cewa ward ɗin tana da polling units 16, waɗanda aka rarraba tsakanin Chiroma, Jagaliwol, Bawa, Zego, Sebidu, Daminya, Kokkobe, Walowa, Jangira da Wuro Nyolde. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na shekarar 2023 da aka tattara a matakin polling units sun kuma haɗa Kunde cikin wards na Dukku. Irin waɗannan bayanai suna ba da damar nazarin sakamakon zaɓe a matakin ward da polling unit, amma ya kamata a yi amfani da bayanan INEC na hukuma wajen tabbatar da sakamakon ƙarshe. <ref>{{cite web |title=Dukku election results |url=https://mundx.com/ng/gombe/dukku/ |publisher=Mundx |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Noma da rayuwar al'umma == Kunde tana cikin Dukku Local Government Area, wadda take da yankunan karkara da ƙauyuka masu yawa. Saboda haka, rayuwar al'ummomin yankin tana da alaƙa da ayyukan karkara kamar noma da kiwo; duk da haka, ba a samu sahihin tushe da ya ƙayyade takamaiman nau'in amfanin gona ko adadin manoman Kunde kaɗai ba, don haka ba a ƙara ƙididdigar da ba a tabbatar ba a wannan sashe. <ref>{{cite web |title=Dukku |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dukku |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Matsayin Kunde a Dukku == Dukku Local Government Area tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan hukumomin Jihar Gombe. Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar ita ce garin Dukku, kuma yankin yana da faɗin ƙasa da kuma al'ummomi da dama. Kunde na daga cikin tsarin wards da ake amfani da su wajen gudanar da zaɓe da sauran harkokin gudanarwa na ƙaramar hukumar. <ref>{{cite web |title=Dukku |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dukku |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Tsarin wards na Dukku ya ƙunshi Gombe Abba, Hashidu, Jamari, Kunde, Lafiya, Malala, Waziri North, Waziri South/Central, Wuro Tale, Zange da Zaune. Wannan rarrabuwa tana nuna matsayin Kunde a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan sassan gudanarwar zaɓe na ƙaramar hukumar. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Dukku]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Gombe Abba]] * [[Hashidu]] * [[Jamari]] * [[Lafiya]] * [[Malala]] * [[Wuro Tale]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} h8zfs2ysy1b157a72re0xhl3kqhm0tj 0 177844 961808 2026-10-02T08:13:30Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Lafiya | settlement_type = Town and electoral ward | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | government_type = Registration Area | postal_code = 760105 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Lafiya''' yanki ne da kuma Registration Area (ward) da ke cikin [[Dukku Local Government Area]... 961808 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Lafiya | settlement_type = Town and electoral ward | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | government_type = Registration Area | postal_code = 760105 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Lafiya''' yanki ne da kuma Registration Area (ward) da ke cikin [[Dukku Local Government Area]] ta [[Gombe State]], a arewa maso gabashin [[Nigeria]]. Hukumar Zaɓe ta Ƙasa (INEC) ta ware Lafiya a matsayin Registration Area mai lamba 05 a cikin Dukku Local Government Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Lafiya na daga cikin wards 11 na Dukku Local Government Area. Sauran wards ɗin sun haɗa da Gombe Abba, Hashidu, Jamari, Kunde, Malala, Waziri North, Waziri South/Central, Wuro Tale, Zange da Zaune. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Matsayi da gudanarwa == A tsarin gudanarwar zaɓe na Dukku, Lafiya tana da lambar 15/04/05, inda 15 ke wakiltar Jihar Gombe, 04 kuma ke wakiltar Dukku Local Government Area, yayin da 05 ke wakiltar Lafiya Registration Area. Wannan lambar tana bayyana a kundin polling units na yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Lafiya tana da polling units 11 bisa bayanan da aka wallafa daga kundin INEC. Waɗannan wuraren kaɗa kuri'a suna cikin Lafiya da wasu ƙauyuka da wuraren zama da ake gudanar da harkokin zaɓe a ƙarƙashin ward ɗin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin Lafiya == Kundin INEC ya lissafa wurare da dama a ƙarƙashin Lafiya Registration Area. Daga cikinsu akwai Lafiya Chiroma, Lafiya Yerima, Jauro Adi/Maltewo, Jalingo, Maltewo, Kaloma/Gadum, Tale Yerima, Dirango Jonordi, Nyoldewo da Alkaleri. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Lafiya Chiroma tana da polling units biyu, ɗaya a Lafiya Primary School, ɗayan kuma a Kofar Dan Madami Lafiya. Lafiya Yerima kuma tana da wurin kaɗa kuri'a a Kofar Sarki Lafiya. Waɗannan bayanai suna cikin kundin polling units na INEC. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Jauro Adi/Maltewo yana da polling unit a Kofar Jauro Adi, yayin da Jalingo ke da wurin kaɗa kuri'a a Kofar Sarki Jalingo. Maltewo kuma yana da wurin kaɗa kuri'a a Kofar Sarki Maltewo. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Kaloma/Gadum na da polling unit a Kofar Sarki Kaloma, yayin da Tale Yerima ke da wurin kaɗa kuri'a a Tale Primary School. Dirango Jonordi yana da wurin kaɗa kuri'a a Kofar Sarki Dirango. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Nyoldewo da Alkaleri su ma suna cikin wuraren da aka lissafa a Lafiya Registration Area. Nyoldewo yana da polling unit a Kofar Mai Unguwa, yayin da Alkaleri yake da wurin kaɗa kuri'a a Kofar Sarki Alkaleri. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Wuraren kaɗa kuri'a == Lafiya tana da polling units 11. Lambobinsu su ne 15/04/05/001 zuwa 15/04/05/011. Daga cikin sunayen wuraren akwai Lafiya Chiroma, Lafiya Yerima, Jauro Adi/Maltewo, Jalingo, Maltewo, Kaloma/Gadum, Tale Yerima, Dirango Jonordi, Nyoldewo da Alkaleri. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |publisher=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin bayanan INEC, Lafiya Chiroma, Lafiya Primary School tana da lambar polling unit 15/04/05/001, yayin da Lafiya Chiroma, Kofar Dan Madami Lafiya take da lamba 15/04/05/002. Lafiya Yerima, Kofar Sarki Lafiya kuma tana da lamba 15/04/05/003. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Jauro Adi/Maltewo, Kofar Jauro Adi yana da lamba 004, Jalingo, Kofar Sarki Jalingo yana da lamba 005, Maltewo, Kofar Sarki Maltewo yana da lamba 006, sannan Kaloma/Gadum, Kofar Sarki Kaloma yana da lamba 007. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Tale Yerima, Tale Primary School yana da lamba 008, Dirango Jonordi, Kofar Sarki Dirango yana da lamba 009, Nyoldewo, Kofar Mai Unguwa yana da lamba 010, sannan Alkaleri, Kofar Sarki Alkaleri yana da lamba 011. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Zaɓe == Lafiya tana cikin Dukku North a tsarin wakilcin zaɓe na Jihar Gombe. Kundin bayanan INEC na zaɓen 2015 ya nuna cewa Dukku North Constituency ta ƙunshi Lafiya tare da Hashidu, Jamari, Malala, Wuro Tale da Zaune. <ref>{{cite web |title=2015 General Elections Information Kit |url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-GENERAL-ELECTIONS-INFO-KIT-.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan da aka tattara daga sakamakon zaɓe na polling units sun kuma nuna Lafiya a matsayin ward mai polling units 11. Wannan ya yi daidai da kundin polling units na INEC da ya lissafa wuraren kaɗa kuri'a 11 a ƙarƙashin Lafiya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Dukku election results |url=https://mundx.com/ng/gombe/dukku/ |publisher=Mundx |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin bayanan sakamakon zaɓe da aka tattara a matakin polling unit, Lafiya Chiroma, Lafiya Primary School tana daga cikin polling units na Lafiya. Wannan yana ba da damar rarrabe bayanan zaɓe na Lafiya daga na sauran wards na Dukku. <ref>{{cite web |title=Dukku election results |url=https://mundx.com/ng/gombe/dukku/ |publisher=Mundx |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Ilimi da cibiyoyin jama'a == Lafiya Primary School tana daga cikin cibiyoyin da aka bayyana a kundin polling units na yankin. An yi amfani da makarantar a matsayin wurin kaɗa kuri'a na Lafiya Chiroma, abin da ya tabbatar da kasancewarta a cikin tsarin cibiyoyin jama'a na yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Tale Primary School ma tana daga cikin cibiyoyin da aka ambata a cikin Lafiya Registration Area, inda aka ayyana ta a matsayin wurin kaɗa kuri'a na Tale Yerima. Wannan ya nuna cewa makarantu suna daga cikin wuraren da ake amfani da su wajen gudanar da harkokin zaɓe a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Yawan mutane da ƙaura == Bayanan da International Organization for Migration (IOM) ta wallafa a cikin rahoton Displacement Tracking Matrix sun haɗa Lafiya cikin wards ɗin da aka tantance a Dukku, tare da bayanan gidaje da mutane da aka tantance a lokacin binciken. Rahoton ya nuna Lafiya da adadin gidaje 78 da mutane 544 a cikin bayanan tantancewar da aka gudanar. <ref>{{cite report |title=DTM Round 25: List of Assessed Wards |url=https://dtm.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1461/files/reports/DTM%20RND%2025%20LIST%20OF%20WARDS%20ASSESSED.pdf |publisher=International Organization for Migration |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Wannan adadi na IOM ba ƙidayar yawan jama'ar Lafiya ba ce ta hukuma; yana wakiltar mutanen da aka tantance a cikin tsarin binciken DTM. Saboda haka, bai kamata a yi amfani da adadin 544 a matsayin jimillar yawan jama'ar Lafiya ba tare da ƙarin sahihin ƙidayar jama'a ba. <ref>{{cite report |title=DTM Round 25: List of Assessed Wards |url=https://dtm.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1461/files/reports/DTM%20RND%2025%20LIST%20OF%20WARDS%20ASSESSED.pdf |publisher=International Organization for Migration |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Abubuwan more rayuwa == Bayanan polling units sun nuna cewa Lafiya tana da cibiyoyi daban-daban da suka haɗa da makarantu da wuraren da ake amfani da su wajen gudanar da ayyukan jama'a. Lafiya Primary School da Tale Primary School suna daga cikin wuraren da aka yi amfani da su a matsayin polling units. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Wasu daga cikin wuraren Lafiya suna amfani da gine-ginen al'umma kamar Kofar Sarki, Kofar Mai Unguwa da Kofar Jauro a matsayin wuraren polling units. Wannan bayanin yana nuna tsarin wuraren taruwar al'umma da ake amfani da su wajen gudanar da zaɓe, amma ba ya tabbatar da cewa duk waɗannan wurare cibiyoyin gwamnati ne. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Dukku]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Hashidu]] * [[Jamari]] * [[Kunde]] * [[Malala]] * [[Wuro Tale]] * [[Zange]] * [[Zaune]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} dkowh2agaw41j55b6y9zjiugt7ngda7 0 177845 961809 2026-10-02T08:22:01Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Malala under Dukku LGA 961809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|name=Malala|settlement_type=Town and electoral ward|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[Nigeria]]|subdivision_type1=State|subdivision_name1=[[Gombe State]]|subdivision_type2=Local Government Area|subdivision_name2=[[Dukku]]|government_type=Registration Area|postal_code=760105|timezone=WAT|utc_offset=+1}} '''Malala''' yanki ne da kuma Registration Area (ward) da ke cikin [[Dukku Local Government Area]] ta [[Gombe State]], a arewa maso gabashin [[Nigeria]]. Hukumar Zaɓe ta Ƙasa ta Najeriya (INEC) ta ware Malala a matsayin Registration Area mai lamba 06 a cikin Dukku Local Government Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> Malala tana daga cikin wards 11 na Dukku Local Government Area. Sauran wards ɗin sun haɗa da [[Gombe Abba]], [[Hashidu]], [[Jamari]], [[Kunde]], [[Lafiya]], Waziri North, Waziri South/Central, [[Wuro Tale]], [[Zange]] da [[Zaune]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Eduweb}}</ref> == Matsayi da gudanarwa == A tsarin gudanarwar zaɓe, Malala tana da lambar 15/04/06, inda 15 ke wakiltar Jihar Gombe, 04 ke wakiltar Dukku Local Government Area, sannan 06 ke wakiltar Malala Registration Area. Wannan tsarin lambar ya bayyana a cikin kundin INEC na polling units na Jihar Gombe. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> A kundin INEC da aka sake dubawa a watan Janairun 2015, Malala tana da polling units 24. Daga baya, bayanan da aka sabunta sun ƙara polling units guda biyu, wato Ganawaji Primary School I da Burari Kofar Mai Anguwa I, wanda ya sa adadin ya kai 26 a jerin bayanan da aka sabunta. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Eduweb}}</ref> == Wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin Malala == Kundin INEC ya lissafa wurare da dama a ƙarƙashin Malala Registration Area. Daga cikinsu akwai Unguwar Baba Hassan, Unguwar Galadima, Unguwar Bauchi, Unguwar Madaki, Auyakari, Chiroma Bakau, Kowagol, Dokoroyel, Ganawaji, Jauro Abbu, Jauro Goje, Wuro Bundu, Birishe, Waloji, Gadum Bawa, Lariski, Burari, Gadum Mala, Duggiri, Bakau Tambajam, Tilde, Dalari/Betori da Jauro Bako. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> Unguwar Baba Hassan na daga cikin wuraren da ke cikin Malala ward, kuma INEC ta sanya Malala Area Court a matsayin wurin kaɗa kuri'a na wannan yankin. Unguwar Galadima kuma tana da Malala Maternity, yayin da Unguwar Bauchi take da Malala Dispensary. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> Unguwar Madaki tana da Malala Primary School a matsayin wurin kaɗa kuri'a. Auyakari kuma yana da wurin kaɗa kuri'a a Kofar Mai Unguwa, yayin da Chiroma Bakau yake da wurin kaɗa kuri'a a Kofar Chiroma. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> Kowagol yana da polling unit a Primary School, yayin da Dokoroyel yake da wurin kaɗa kuri'a a Kofar Sarki. Ganawaji ma yana da Primary School da aka ware a matsayin polling unit, sannan Jauro Abbu da Jauro Goje suna da wuraren kaɗa kuri'a a Kofar Jauro da Kofar Jauro Goje. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> Sauran wuraren da ke cikin Malala sun haɗa da Wuro Bundu, Birishe, Waloji, Gadum Bawa, Lariski, Burari, Gadum Mala, Duggiri, Bakau Tambajam, Tilde, Dalari/Betori da Jauro Bako. Waɗannan wurare suna cikin jerin polling units na Malala Registration Area da INEC ta wallafa. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> == Wuraren kaɗa kuri'a == A kundin INEC na 2015, Malala tana da polling units 24, daga lamba 15/04/06/001 zuwa 15/04/06/024. Daga cikin su akwai Malala Area Court, Malala Maternity, Malala Dispensary, Malala Primary School, Auyakari, Chiroma Bakau, Kowagol, Dokoroyel, Ganawaji da Jauro Abbu. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> Sauran polling units ɗin sun haɗa da Jauro Goje, Wuro Bundu, Birishe, Waloji, Gadum Bawa, Lariski, Burari, Gadum Mala, Duggiri, Bakau Tambajam, Tilde, Dalari/Betori da Jauro Bako. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> Bayanan da aka sabunta sun nuna cewa an ƙara Ganawaji Primary School I da Burari Kofar Mai Anguwa I a matsayin sabbin polling units. Saboda haka, jerin bayanan da aka sabunta ya nuna cewa Malala tana da polling units 26. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Eduweb}}</ref> == Ilimi == Makarantun firamare suna daga cikin cibiyoyin da aka yi amfani da su a matsayin wuraren kaɗa kuri'a a Malala. Daga cikinsu akwai Malala Primary School, Kowagol Primary School, Ganawaji Primary School, Waloji Primary School, Burari Primary School da Duggiri Primary School. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> Ganawaji Primary School ta samu ƙarin polling unit a cikin jerin bayanan da aka sabunta, inda Ganawaji Primary School I aka ƙara a matsayin sabon polling unit. Wannan ƙarin ya bayyana a cikin bayanan polling units na Malala da aka sabunta. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Eduweb}}</ref> == Lafiya == Akwai cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya da aka ambata a cikin sunayen polling units na Malala. Daga cikinsu akwai Malala Maternity da ke Unguwar Galadima da Malala Dispensary da ke Unguwar Bauchi. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> Kasancewar waɗannan wurare a cikin kundin polling units yana tabbatar da cewa akwai cibiyoyin da ake danganta su da kiwon lafiya a yankin, amma bayanan INEC kaɗai ba su bayyana cikakken tarihin kafuwarsu, yawan ma'aikata ko yawan marasa lafiyar da suke kula da su ba. Saboda haka ba a ƙara irin waɗannan bayanai ba tare da wani tushe mai inganci ba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> == Zaɓe == Malala tana cikin Dukku North Constituency na tsarin wakilcin zaɓe na Jihar Gombe. Kundin INEC na bayanan zaɓen 2015 ya nuna cewa Dukku North ta ƙunshi Hashidu, Jamari, Lafiya, Malala, Wuro Tale da Zaune. <ref>{{cite web |title=2015 General Elections Information Kit |url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-GENERAL-ELECTIONS-INFO-KIT-.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> A cikin bayanan sakamakon zaɓe da aka tattara a matakin ward, Malala tana da polling units 26 a bayanan da aka sabunta. Wannan bayanin ya bambanta da kundin INEC na 2015 wanda ya lissafa polling units 24, saboda an ƙara wasu sabbin polling units daga baya. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in Dukku LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Eduweb}}</ref> Bayanan sakamakon zaɓe da aka tattara daga wasu majiyoyi sun nuna cewa an wakilci polling units na Malala a cikin bayanan sakamakon zaɓen Dukku. Duk da haka, sakamakon zaɓe na hukuma ya kamata a samo shi daga INEC idan ana son amfani da shi a matsayin tushen ƙarshe. <ref>{{cite web |title=Dukku election results |url=https://mundx.com/ng/gombe/dukku/ |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Mundx}}</ref> == Muhimmancin Malala a tsarin Dukku == Malala na daga cikin manyan sassan gudanarwar zaɓe na Dukku Local Government Area. Matsayinta na Registration Area mai lamba 06 ya sanya ta cikin tsarin da INEC ke amfani da shi wajen rarraba polling units da gudanar da zaɓe a ƙaramar hukumar. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> A tsarin wakilcin zaɓe na Jihar Gombe, Malala tana cikin Dukku North tare da Hashidu, Jamari, Lafiya, Wuro Tale da Zaune. Wannan tsarin yana nuna yadda wards na Dukku suke shiga cikin tsarin zaɓen wakilan al'umma a matakin jihar. <ref>{{cite web |title=2015 General Elections Information Kit |url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-GENERAL-ELECTIONS-INFO-KIT-.pdf |access-date=2 October 2026 |publisher=Independent National Electoral Commission}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Dukku]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Gombe Abba]] * [[Hashidu]] * [[Jamari]] * [[Kunde]] * [[Lafiya]] * [[Wuro Tale]] * [[Zange]] * [[Zaune]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} au6igiy4one3rqjf8la07o5y06pt9ub 0 177846 961812 2026-10-02T08:44:57Z Jidda3711 14843 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371471079|Okon Ime Bassey]]" 961812 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Okon Ime Bassey''' ɗan siyasa ne kuma lauya a Najeriya. Shi ne ɗan Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, inda yake wakiltar mazabar tarayya ta Itu/Ibiono Ibom ta Jihar Akwa Ibom. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Candidates - Voter - Validating the Office of the Electorate on Representation |url=https://www.voter.ng/candidate?id=4183 |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=www.voter.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rep. Nnamdi Ezechi - Member Representing Ndokwa East/Ndokwa West/Ukwuani |url=https://nnamdiezechi.com.ng/directory/details/47 |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=nnamdiezechi.com.ng}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Okon Ime Bassey a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, 1962. Yana da digirin farko a fannin shari'a (LL.B). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Candidates - Voter - Validating the Office of the Electorate on Representation |url=https://www.voter.ng/candidate?id=4183 |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=www.voter.ng}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == Bassey ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Akwa Ibom na tsawon wa'adi biyu (2011–2019). Ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Wakilai kuma Shugaban Kwamitin Yaɗa Labarai na Majalisar a lokacin da yake cikin majalisar jihar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=10th National Assembly Members - Voter - Validating the Office of the Electorate on Representation |url=https://orderpaper.ng/voter/10th-national-assembly-member?id=Okon-Ime-Bassey-1258 |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=orderpaper.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2025-06-09 |title=Akwa Ibom Rep Attracts Projects worth millions to Constituency |url=https://theplenary.com.ng/legislative-unusual/akwa-ibom-rep-attracts-projects-worth-millions-to-constituency/ |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=The Plenary |language=en-US}}</ref> Bassey ya tsaya takarar kujera a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, majalisa ta 10 a babban zaben 2023. Shi ne wakilin mazabar tarayya ta Itu/Ibiono Ibom a majalisar wakilai ta gree chamber. Shi ne kuma Mataimakin Shugaban Kwamitin Majalisar Wakilai kan Harkokin Gwamnati. <ref>{{Cite web |last=idika |date=2023-09-25 |title=Full List of House of Reps' Standing Committees (UPDATED) - Factsheet |url=https://factsheet.ng/full-list-of-house-of-reps-standing-committees-updated/ |access-date=2025-12-22 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=ShineYourEye |url=https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/okon-ime-bassey |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=www.shineyoureye.org}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] ijs5nucgpw3dam2jefb4x2jcevz6wjy 961813 961812 2026-10-02T08:46:28Z Jidda3711 14843 Saka 961813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Okon Ime Bassey''' ɗan siyasa ne kuma lauya a Najeriya. Shi ne ɗan Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, inda yake wakiltar mazabar tarayya ta Itu/Ibiono Ibom ta Jihar Akwa Ibom. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Candidates - Voter - Validating the Office of the Electorate on Representation |url=https://www.voter.ng/candidate?id=4183 |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=www.voter.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rep. Nnamdi Ezechi - Member Representing Ndokwa East/Ndokwa West/Ukwuani |url=https://nnamdiezechi.com.ng/directory/details/47 |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=nnamdiezechi.com.ng}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Okon Ime Bassey a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, 1962. Yana da digirin farko a fannin shari'a (LL.B). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Candidates - Voter - Validating the Office of the Electorate on Representation |url=https://www.voter.ng/candidate?id=4183 |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=www.voter.ng}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == Bassey ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Akwa Ibom na tsawon wa'adi biyu (2011–2019). Ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Wakilai kuma Shugaban Kwamitin Yaɗa Labarai na Majalisar a lokacin da yake cikin majalisar jihar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=10th National Assembly Members - Voter - Validating the Office of the Electorate on Representation |url=https://orderpaper.ng/voter/10th-national-assembly-member?id=Okon-Ime-Bassey-1258 |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=orderpaper.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2025-06-09 |title=Akwa Ibom Rep Attracts Projects worth millions to Constituency |url=https://theplenary.com.ng/legislative-unusual/akwa-ibom-rep-attracts-projects-worth-millions-to-constituency/ |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=The Plenary |language=en-US}}</ref> Bassey ya tsaya takarar kujera a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, majalisa ta 10 a babban zaben 2023. Shi ne wakilin mazabar tarayya ta Itu/Ibiono Ibom a majalisar wakilai ta gree chamber. Shi ne kuma Mataimakin Shugaban Kwamitin Majalisar Wakilai kan Harkokin Gwamnati. <ref>{{Cite web |last=idika |date=2023-09-25 |title=Full List of House of Reps' Standing Committees (UPDATED) - Factsheet |url=https://factsheet.ng/full-list-of-house-of-reps-standing-committees-updated/ |access-date=2025-12-22 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=ShineYourEye |url=https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/okon-ime-bassey |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=www.shineyoureye.org}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] no00jvqrrwrkxlemfexotkqto1dmmcn 0 177847 961815 2026-10-02T08:53:40Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Waziri | settlement_type = Registration Areas | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | government_type = Registration Area | parts_type = Registration Areas | parts = Waziri North; Waziri South/Central | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Waziri''' yanki ne da ke cikin ƙaramar huk... 961815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Waziri | settlement_type = Registration Areas | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | government_type = Registration Area | parts_type = Registration Areas | parts = Waziri North; Waziri South/Central | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Waziri''' yanki ne da ke cikin ƙaramar hukumar [[Dukku]] ta [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. A tsarin [[Independent National Electoral Commission]] (INEC), an raba yankin Waziri zuwa Registration Areas guda biyu, wato '''Waziri North''' da '''Waziri South/Central'''. Waziri North tana da lambar 07, yayin da Waziri South/Central take da lambar 08. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin kundin INEC na rumfunan zaɓe na Gombe State, an nuna cewa Waziri North tana da rumfunan zaɓe guda 29, yayin da Waziri South/Central take da rumfunan zaɓe guda 40. Jimillar rumfunan zaɓe na waɗannan yankuna biyu a kundin na shekarar 2015 ita ce 69. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Waziri North ita ce Registration Area mai lamba 07 a Dukku. Bayanai na INEC sun nuna cewa yankin yana da rumfunan zaɓe da aka ware a wurare daban-daban domin gudanar da zaɓe, kuma wannan Registration Area na daga cikin yankunan da suka samar da tsarin zaɓe na ƙaramar hukumar Dukku. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Waziri South/Central kuwa ita ce Registration Area mai lamba 08 a Dukku. A kundin INEC na 2015, an ware mata rumfunan zaɓe guda 40, waɗanda suka bazu cikin wurare daban-daban a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Daga cikin wuraren da aka ambata a cikin jerin rumfunan zaɓe na Waziri South/Central akwai Lafiya, Tilel, Nayelwa, Dugge, Gona, Shabewa, Nakuja, Wedu-Kole, Wakalo, Shalludi da Dashi. Haka kuma akwai wasu wurare kamar Bulbul Tongoyel, Wuro Amale, Gabulu, Yarra/Nakaya, Gambe/Galumji, Jonde, Damba, Dile da Tarau. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Sauran wuraren da aka lissafa a ƙarƙashin Waziri South/Central sun haɗa da Gombe Doggize, Bozonshulwa, Wakili Adamu, Tinda, Banigayi, Yado, Jardade, Malalayel, Shuwe, Nappe da Birni. Waɗannan sunayen sun bayyana ne a cikin bayanan wuraren rumfunan zaɓe na INEC. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Wasu daga cikin wuraren rumfunan zaɓe na Waziri South/Central suna cikin makarantu da cibiyoyin jama'a. Misalan wuraren da aka ambata a bayanan INEC sun haɗa da Dukku West Primary School, Dukku Central Primary School, Gona East School, Shabewa Primary School da Dashi Primary School. Wannan yana nuna yadda ake amfani da wasu cibiyoyin jama'a wajen samar da wuraren kada kuri'a. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> INEC ta kuma wallafa cibiyoyin karɓar katin zaɓe na matakin Registration Area. A wannan bayanin, an ware '''Dukku Central Primary School''' a matsayin cibiyar karɓar katin zaɓe ga Waziri North, yayin da '''Dukku West Primary School''' aka ware wa Waziri South/Central. <ref>{{cite web |title=PVC Collection Centres for Ward Level |url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-1.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan International Organization for Migration (IOM) sun kuma jera Waziri North da Waziri South/Central a matsayin yankuna biyu daban a cikin Dukku. A cikin zagaye na 25 na Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), an tantance Waziri North da gidaje 47 da mutane 250, yayin da Waziri South/Central aka tantance gidaje 57 da mutane 310. Waɗannan alkaluma na IOM ne na mutanen da aka tantance a lokacin wannan zagayen, ba wai ƙidayar yawan jama'ar yankunan gaba ɗaya ba. <ref>{{cite web |title=DTM Round 25 List of Assessed Wards |url=https://dtm.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1461/files/reports/DTM%20RND%2025%20LIST%20OF%20WARDS%20ASSESSED.pdf |website=International Organization for Migration |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A zagaye na 31 na DTM, IOM ta sake jera Waziri North da Waziri South/Central daban. A wannan zagayen, an tantance gidaje 25 da mutane 125 a Waziri North, yayin da Waziri South/Central aka tantance gidaje 48 da mutane 236. Kamar yadda yake a sauran rahotannin DTM, waɗannan alkaluma suna nufin wuraren da aka tantance a wannan aikin ne kawai. <ref>{{cite web |title=DTM Round 31 List of Assessed Wards |url=https://dtm.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1461/files/reports/DTM%20R31%20WARDS%20ASSESSED.pdf |website=International Organization for Migration |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Saboda haka, '''Waziri''' a cikin bayanan ƙaramar hukumar Dukku yana da alaƙa da Registration Areas guda biyu: '''Waziri North''' da '''Waziri South/Central'''. Bambancin waɗannan yankuna yana da muhimmanci wajen fahimtar tsarin rumfunan zaɓe, cibiyoyin karɓar katin zaɓe da bayanan gudanarwa na Dukku. <ref>{{cite web |title=PVC Collection Centres for Ward Level |url=https://wp1.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-1.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Dukku]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Waziri North]] * [[Waziri South/Central]] * [[Independent National Electoral Commission]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} n3ynhlag4gqbz42t84g2kcxqi445g4n 0 177848 961817 2026-10-02T08:56:17Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Zange | settlement_type = Registration Area | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | government_type = Registration Area | established_title = Registration Area code | established_date = 10 | population_as_of = 2006 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Zange''' yanki ne da ke cikin... 961817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Zange | settlement_type = Registration Area | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Dukku]] | government_type = Registration Area | established_title = Registration Area code | established_date = 10 | population_as_of = 2006 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Zange''' yanki ne da ke cikin ƙaramar hukumar [[Dukku]] ta [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. A tsarin [[Independent National Electoral Commission]] (INEC), Zange ita ce Registration Area mai lamba '''10''' a ƙaramar hukumar Dukku. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Zange na daga cikin Registration Areas 11 da aka bayyana a cikin bayanan zaɓe na ƙaramar hukumar Dukku. Sauran Registration Areas ɗin sun haɗa da Gombe Abba, Hashidu, Jamari, Kunde, Lafiya, Malala, Waziri North, Waziri South/Central, Wuro Tale da Zaune. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in DUKKU LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin bayanan rumfunan zaɓe na Zange, an yi amfani da lambar yankin '''15-04-10''', inda 15 ke wakiltar Gombe State, 04 kuma ke wakiltar Dukku Local Government Area, yayin da 10 ke wakiltar Zange Registration Area. Wannan tsarin lamba yana taimakawa wajen gano rumfunan zaɓe na yankin cikin bayanan INEC. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in DUKKU LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan rumfunan zaɓe da aka wallafa sun nuna cewa Zange tana da rumfunan zaɓe guda '''25'''. Daga cikin lambobin rumfunan zaɓen akwai 15-04-10-001 zuwa 15-04-10-025, wanda na ƙarshe yake matsayin sabuwar rumfar zaɓe a bayanan da aka wallafa. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in DUKKU LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Daga cikin wuraren da aka lissafa a ƙarƙashin Zange akwai '''Tumpure''', '''Wangi''', '''Zagala''', '''Jombo''', '''Seyum''', '''Damba Dabe''', '''Kuni''', '''Kobini Zange''' da '''Kobin'''. Waɗannan sunaye suna cikin jerin wuraren da aka ware rumfunan zaɓe a Zange Registration Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in DUKKU LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Sauran wuraren da aka bayyana a jerin rumfunan zaɓe na Zange sun haɗa da '''Balaje''', '''Damba Dukku''', '''Gusho''', '''Bagadaza''', '''Bani''', '''Jale''', '''Bomala''', '''Dabewo''' da '''Wawa Zange'''. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan rumfunan zaɓe an sanya su a Kofar Sarki, yayin da wasu suke kusa da makarantu ko wasu wuraren jama'a. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in DUKKU LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin jerin rumfunan zaɓen Zange akwai kuma '''Bokkiru''', '''Nasarawo Da'u''', '''Wuro Kudu''', '''Pauya Fulbe''' da '''Koblo'''. Wasu daga cikin wuraren suna da rumfunan zaɓe a makarantu, kamar Bokkiru Primary School da Zange Primary School, yayin da wasu aka sanya su a Kofar Sarki ko Kofar Jauro. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in DUKKU LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Daga cikin muhimman wuraren da aka ambata a bayanan Zange akwai '''Zange Primary School'''. An yi amfani da sunan wannan makaranta wajen bayyana wuraren rumfunan zaɓe na Zange, ciki har da Kobini Zange, inda aka nuna Zange Primary School a matsayin wurin rumfar zaɓe. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in DUKKU LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan da aka wallafa kan Zange sun kuma nuna cewa rumfar '''15-04-10-025''' tana Kobini Zange, Zange Primary School I, kuma an yi mata alamar '''NEW PU'''. Wannan yana nuna cewa an ƙara wannan rumfar a cikin bayanan rumfunan zaɓe da aka sabunta. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in DUKKU LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-dukku-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin cibiyoyin karɓar katin zaɓe na INEC, an ware '''Zange Primary School''' a matsayin cibiyar karɓar katin zaɓe ta Zange Registration Area. Wannan ya nuna cewa makarantar tana daga cikin cibiyoyin jama'a da ake amfani da su wajen ayyukan zaɓe a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gombe State PVC Collection Centres |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/PVC-Collection-centers-for-Ward-level-1.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Zange tana cikin tsarin gudanarwa na ƙaramar hukumar Dukku, wadda ke ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan hukumomin [[Gombe State]]. Hedikwatar ƙaramar hukumar tana garin Dukku, kuma bayanan yankin sun nuna cewa akwai Registration Areas da dama da aka ware domin gudanar da ayyukan zaɓe da sauran harkokin gudanarwa. <ref>{{cite web |title=Dukku |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5313235 |website=Wikidata |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A bayanan zaɓe na baya-bayan nan da aka tattara kan Dukku, Zange tana ci gaba da bayyana a matsayin ward/Registration Area mai lamba 10, tare da rumfunan zaɓe 25. Wannan ya bambanta da wasu yankunan Dukku kamar Malala, wadda take da lamba 06, da Zaune, wadda take da lamba 11. <ref>{{cite web |title=Polling Units in Gombe State: How Many & Full Directory |url=https://nigeria2.com/states/gombe/polling-units/ |website=Nigeria 2.0 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Saboda haka, '''Zange''' yanki ne na ƙaramar hukumar Dukku a Gombe State wanda aka tsara a matsayin Registration Area mai lamba 10. Bayanan INEC da jerin rumfunan zaɓe sun nuna cewa yankin ya ƙunshi ƙauyuka da wurare da dama, tare da rumfunan zaɓe da aka kafa a wurare kamar makarantu, Kofar Sarki da Kofar Jauro. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Dukku]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Zange]] * [[Independent National Electoral Commission]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} r8bdcgvt6hj9fh5ozlvxk9qc61cqwng 0 177849 961820 2026-10-02T08:59:03Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Ashaka | settlement_type = Town | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Funakaye]] | government_type = Registration Area | parts_type = Electoral ward | parts = Ashaka/Magaba | postal_code = 762102 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Ashaka''' gari ne da ke cikin ƙaramar hukumar Funakay... 961820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Ashaka | settlement_type = Town | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Funakaye]] | government_type = Registration Area | parts_type = Electoral ward | parts = Ashaka/Magaba | postal_code = 762102 | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Ashaka''' gari ne da ke cikin ƙaramar hukumar [[Funakaye]] ta [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Garin yana cikin yankin Ashaka/Magaba, wanda [[Independent National Electoral Commission]] (INEC) ta ware a matsayin Registration Area mai lamba 01 a ƙaramar hukumar Funakaye. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Ashaka/Magaba na daga cikin Registration Areas na ƙaramar hukumar Funakaye. Kundin INEC na rumfunan zaɓe da aka sabunta a watan Janairun 2015 ya nuna cewa Ashaka/Magaba tana da lambar 01, kuma a lokacin tana da rumfunan zaɓe guda 24. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan rumfunan zaɓe da aka sabunta daga baya sun nuna cewa Ashaka/Magaba tana da rumfunan zaɓe guda 37. Wannan adadi ya haɗa da tsofaffin rumfunan zaɓe da kuma wasu sabbin rumfunan da aka ƙara bayan kundin INEC na 2015. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in FUNAKAYE LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-funakaye-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin kundin INEC na 2015, an lissafa wurare da dama a ƙarƙashin Ashaka/Magaba. Daga cikinsu akwai Unguwar Yerima Ashaka, Unguwar Chiroma, Unguwar Malumri, Bula Gaidam, Mannari, Manawashi, Jalingo, Dayayi da Workers Village. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Sauran wuraren da aka lissafa a yankin sun haɗa da Jauro Bappah, Magaba, Mabani, Jauro Kadiri, Kademi, Garin Alhaji Bello, Wuro Na'i, Wuro Zarma da Mutukel. An sanya rumfunan zaɓe a wurare daban-daban kamar Kofar Sarki, Kofar Jauro da makarantu. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Daga cikin wuraren da aka yi amfani da su wajen kafa rumfunan zaɓe akwai Bula Gaidam Primary School, Jalingo Primary School, Workers Village Primary School da Magaba Primary School. Wannan ya nuna cewa makarantu na daga cikin wuraren jama'a da ake amfani da su wajen gudanar da zaɓe a yankin Ashaka/Magaba. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Ashaka ta shahara a matsayin wurin da ke da alaƙa da masana'antar siminti ta Ashaka Cement. Hukumar Bureau of Public Enterprises (BPE) ta bayyana cewa Ashaka Cement an kafa ta a ranar 7 ga Agustan 1974, sannan ta fara gudanar da ayyukan samar da siminti a watan Satumban 1979. <ref>{{cite web |title=Living-Stone Cement |url=https://bpe.gov.ng/staging/transaction/living-stone/ |website=Bureau of Public Enterprises |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cewar BPE, Ashaka Cement ta kasance kamfani mai muhimmiyar rawa a masana'antar siminti ta Najeriya. Kafin a yi mata rajistar sayar da hannun jari, kamfanin yana da ƙimar amfani da ƙarfin masana'anta kusan kashi 88 cikin ɗari, daga ƙarfin samarwa na metric tonnes 700,000 a shekara. <ref>{{cite web |title=Living-Stone Cement |url=https://bpe.gov.ng/staging/transaction/living-stone/ |website=Bureau of Public Enterprises |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2026, an samu rahoton cewa Lafarge Africa na faɗaɗa masana'antar Ashaka domin ƙara ƙarfin samar da siminti. Rahoton BusinessDay ya bayyana cewa sabon aikin faɗaɗawar zai yi amfani da fasahohin zamani kamar preheater kilns, vertical raw mills da roller presses, kuma ana sa ran ƙarfin samar da masana'antar Ashaka zai kai metric tonnes miliyan biyu a shekara bayan kammala aikin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Lafarge Africa expands Sagamu and Ashaka plants to boost cement production |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/lafarge-africa-expands-sagamu-and-ashaka-plants-to-boost-cement-production/ |website=BusinessDay |date=4 February 2026 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A watan Janairun 2026, Gwamnan Gombe ya gana da shugabannin Ashaka Cement domin tattauna batutuwan samar da ayyukan yi, kare muhalli, ƙara kuɗaɗen shiga na jihar da kuma tallafa wa al'ummomin da ke karɓar bakuncin masana'antar. Rahoton Tribune Online ya bayyana cewa kamfanin yana shirin ƙara ƙarfin samarwa da metric tonnes miliyan biyu a shekara. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gov Inuwa seeks partnership with Ashaka Cement for jobs, others |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/gov-inuwa-seeks-partnership-with-ashaka-cement-for-jobs-others/ |website=Tribune Online |date=17 January 2026 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Rahoton Tribune Online ya kuma bayyana cewa Ashaka Cement ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu samar da ayyukan yi a Gombe State, yayin da kamfanin ke ci gaba da tattauna yadda zai ƙara tallafa wa al'ummomin da ke kewaye da masana'antar. Waɗannan bayanai sun fito ne daga bayanin da aka bayar yayin ganawar gwamnatin jihar da shugabannin kamfanin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gov Inuwa seeks partnership with Ashaka Cement for jobs, others |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/gov-inuwa-seeks-partnership-with-Ashaka-Cement-for-jobs-others/ |website=Tribune Online |date=17 January 2026 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Faɗaɗa masana'antar Ashaka Cement yana da alaƙa da ƙarin samar da siminti a Najeriya. BusinessDay ta ruwaito cewa kamfanin yana sa ran aikin faɗaɗawar zai inganta samar da kayayyaki da kuma ƙarfafa ikon masana'antar wajen biyan buƙatun kasuwannin gine-gine. <ref>{{cite web |title=Lafarge Africa expands Sagamu and Ashaka plants to boost cement production |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/lafarge-africa-expands-sagamu-and-ashaka-plants-to-boost-cement-production/ |website=BusinessDay |date=4 February 2026 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan BPE sun nuna cewa Ashaka Cement ta fara aiki tun shekarar 1979, kuma ta kasance wani muhimmin aikin masana'antu a yankin arewa maso gabashin Najeriya. Saboda kasancewar masana'antar a Ashaka, sunan garin ya shahara sosai a harkokin masana'antar siminti da tattalin arzikin Gombe State. <ref>{{cite web |title=Living-Stone Cement |url=https://bpe.gov.ng/staging/transaction/living-stone/ |website=Bureau of Public Enterprises |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin zaɓe na ƙaramar hukumar Funakaye, Ashaka/Magaba tana daga cikin yankunan da ake amfani da su wajen gudanar da zaɓe. Bayanan INEC sun nuna cewa Funakaye North ya haɗa da Ashaka/Magaba, Bage, Bajoga West, Bajoga East da Wawa/Wakkulutu. <ref>{{cite web |title=Information Kit for 2015 General Elections |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2015-INFO-KIT-.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan INEC na zamani kan Registration Area Centres sun kuma tabbatar da cewa INEC tana da bayanan cibiyoyin Registration Area na Gombe State, ciki har da yankunan ƙaramar hukumar Funakaye. Wannan tsarin yana taimakawa wajen tsara ayyukan zaɓe da gudanar da harkokin rumfunan zaɓe a matakin ƙananan hukumomi. <ref>{{cite web |title=Registration Area Centres (RACs) Directory |url=https://inecnigeria.org/resources/rac |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Saboda haka, '''Ashaka''' gari ne a ƙaramar hukumar Funakaye ta Jihar Gombe, kuma yana cikin Ashaka/Magaba Registration Area. Garin yana da muhimmiyar alaƙa da Ashaka Cement, wadda ta kasance masana'antar siminti da aka kafa a shekarun 1970 kuma ta ci gaba da kasancewa wani muhimmin aikin masana'antu a yankin, tare da shirin faɗaɗa samarwa da aka ruwaito a shekarar 2026. <ref>{{cite web |title=Lafarge Africa expands Sagamu and Ashaka plants to boost cement production |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/lafarge-africa-expands-sagamu-and-ashaka-plants-to-boost-cement-production/ |website=BusinessDay |date=4 February 2026 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Funakaye]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Ashaka/Magaba]] * [[Ashaka Cement]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 14w3aom9oe3vcmibpkmmtel8fmhnee9 0 177850 961830 2026-10-02T09:10:46Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Bage | settlement_type = Registration Area | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Funakaye]] | government_type = Registration Area | parts_type = Ward | parts = Bage | postal_code = | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Bage''' yanki ne na rajista da kuma gundumar zaɓe da ke cikin Funaka... 961830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Bage | settlement_type = Registration Area | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Funakaye]] | government_type = Registration Area | parts_type = Ward | parts = Bage | postal_code = | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Bage''' yanki ne na rajista da kuma gundumar zaɓe da ke cikin [[Funakaye]] Local Government Area na [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Hukumar Zabe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Ƙasa (INEC) ta sanya Bage a matsayin Registration Area mai lamba 02 a cikin Funakaye, yayin da lambar yankin ita ce 15/05/02. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bage na daga cikin yankunan rajista guda goma da INEC ta ayyana a cikin Funakaye Local Government Area. A kundin INEC na shekarar 2015, Bage tana da rumfunan zaɓe 30, yayin da bayanan da aka sabunta daga tsarin lambobin rumfunan zaɓe suka nuna cewa adadin ya ƙaru zuwa rumfunan zaɓe 32, sakamakon ƙarin sabbin rumfunan zaɓe biyu. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in FUNAKAYE LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-funakaye-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A cikin kundin INEC, Bage tana da lambar rajista '''15-05-02''', inda 15 ke wakiltar Gombe State, 05 kuma Funakaye Local Government Area, yayin da 02 ke wakiltar Bage Registration Area. INEC ta kuma bayyana makarantar Bage Primary School a matsayin cibiyar karɓar katunan zaɓe (PVC) ta wannan yankin rajista. <ref>{{cite web |title=GOMBE |url=https://inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan rumfunan zaɓe na Bage sun nuna cewa yankin yana da rumfunan zaɓe 32. Daga cikin wuraren da aka ambata akwai Unguwan Shamaki, Santuraki, Badabti, Bulturi, Feshingo J. Bose, Wuro Yayaru, Fufajamna, Wurodole, Wuro Accama, Manawashi, Hamma Kolori, Wuro Bapparu, Malam Madu da Gube. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in FUNAKAYE LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-funakaye-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Sauran wuraren da ke cikin tsarin rumfunan zaɓe na Bage sun haɗa da Juggol Borkono, Gongila, Feshingo Yerima, Kafiwol Ardo, Kafiwol, Koyaya, Kerziki, Ashaka Coastain Estate Housing, Darumfa, Bungum, Dindi Jauro Damji, Unguwan Katako da Gardawashi. Wannan jerin ya nuna yadda Registration Area ɗin ya ƙunshi ƙauyuka da ƙananan wuraren zama da dama. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in FUNAKAYE LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-funakaye-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin zaɓe na Gombe State, Bage tana ƙarƙashin Funakaye Local Government Area, wadda take da Registration Areas guda goma. Baya ga Bage, sauran yankunan sun haɗa da Ashaka/Magaba, Bajoga West, Bajoga East, Bodor/Tilde, Jillahi, Kupto, Ribadu, Tongo da Wawa/Wakkulutu. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bage kuma tana da muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin gudanar da zaɓe na yankin Funakaye saboda yawan rumfunan zaɓe da ke ƙarƙashinta. Bayanai na yanzu sun nuna cewa Bage tana da rumfunan zaɓe 32, tare da lambar ward '''15/05/02'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Ward 15-05-02 — Polling Units & Election Results |url=https://nigeria2.com/ward/15-05-02/ |website=Nigeria 2.0 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Bayanan ƙidayar al'ummomin da Hukumar Kula da Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (IOM) ta tattara a wani zagayen tantance yankuna sun kuma haɗa Bage cikin yankunan da aka tantance a Funakaye Local Government Area na Gombe State. Wannan yana nuna cewa Bage na daga cikin wuraren da ake sa ido kan yanayin al'umma da motsin jama'a a jihar. <ref>{{cite web |title=DTM Round 38 List of Assessed Wards |url=https://nigeria.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1856/files/documents/R38%2520LIST%20OF%20WARDS%20ASSESSED.pdf |website=International Organization for Migration |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A bayanan da suka shafi ƙauyukan Gombe State, an kuma ambaci Bage a matsayin wani yanki da ke da alaƙa da Ashaka a Funakaye. Jerin wuraren ya haɗa Bage da wasu wurare kamar Bulturi, Yayaru da Zadawa. <ref>{{cite web |title=List of villages in Gombe State |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Gombe_State |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Funakaye]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Ashaka, Gombe State]] * [[Bajoga]] * [[Gombe State]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} mc2llx79d3wgd6gkaupuz6r3298b8uf 0 177851 961831 2026-10-02T09:12:57Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Jillahi | settlement_type = Registration Area | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Funakaye]] | government_type = Registration Area | parts_type = Ward | parts = Jillahi | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Jillahi''' yanki ne na rajista da gundumar zaɓe da ke cikin [[Funakaye]] Local G... 961831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Jillahi | settlement_type = Registration Area | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Funakaye]] | government_type = Registration Area | parts_type = Ward | parts = Jillahi | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Jillahi''' yanki ne na rajista da gundumar zaɓe da ke cikin [[Funakaye]] Local Government Area na [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Hukumar Zabe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Ƙasa (INEC) ta sanya Jillahi a matsayin Registration Area ta shida a cikin Funakaye, kuma lambar yankin ita ce '''15/05/06'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=GOMBE |url=https://inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Jillahi na daga cikin Registration Areas guda goma da ke ƙarƙashin Funakaye Local Government Area. Sauran yankunan sun haɗa da Ashaka/Magaba, Bage, Bajoga West, Bajoga East, Bodor/Tilde, Kupto, Ribadu, Tongo da Wawa/Wakkulutu. <ref>{{cite web |title=GOMBE |url=https://inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A bayanan da aka sabunta na rumfunan zaɓe, Jillahi tana da rumfunan zaɓe guda '''16'''. Wannan adadin ya yi daidai da jerin rumfunan zaɓe na Jillahi da aka wallafa bisa tsarin lambar INEC na Funakaye. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in FUNAKAYE LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-funakaye-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Kundin INEC na rumfunan zaɓe na Gombe State ya kuma tabbatar da cewa Funakaye tana cikin jerin Local Government Areas na jihar, kuma bayanan Jillahi suna cikin tsarin rabon Registration Areas da rumfunan zaɓe na wannan ƙaramar hukuma. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Rumfunan zaɓe == Jillahi tana da rumfunan zaɓe 16. Rumfunan sun haɗa da '''Ung. Bauchi Jillahi, Kofar Sarki''', '''Ung. Madaki, Pri. Sch.''', '''Ung. Galadima, Dispensary''', da '''Busum, Kofar Jauro'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Funakaye L.G.A Polling Units/Wards |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/funakaye-l-g-a-polling-units-wards/ |website=Media Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Sauran rumfunan zaɓen Jillahi sun haɗa da '''Wuro Arsi, Pri. Sch.''', '''Dubbel, Pri. Sch.''', '''Primary School Marmagani''', '''Jagabali, Kofar Jauro''', '''Kacacciya, Kofar Jauro''' da '''Jarkum, Kofar Jauro'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Funakaye L.G.A Polling Units/Wards |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/funakaye-l-g-a-polling-units-wards/ |website=Media Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma, jerin rumfunan zaɓen ya ƙunshi '''Fetila, Kofar Jauro''', '''Mutuke, Kofar Jauro''', '''Bodoryel, Kofar Jauro''', '''Jamtari, Kofar Jauro''', '''Mangari, Kofar Jauro''' da '''Duga Sabo, Kofar Damji'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Funakaye L.G.A Polling Units/Wards |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/funakaye-l-g-a-polling-units-wards/ |website=Media Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Lambobin rumfunan zaɓen Jillahi suna farawa da '''15-05-06-001''' zuwa '''15-05-06-016'''. A tsarin lambar INEC, ''15'' na wakiltar Gombe State, ''05'' Funakaye Local Government Area, yayin da ''06'' ke wakiltar Jillahi Registration Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in FUNAKAYE LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-funakaye-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tarihin tsarin zaɓe == A kundin INEC da aka sake fasalin a watan Janairun 2015, Jillahi tana cikin jerin Registration Areas na Funakaye Local Government Area. Kundin ya tanadi bayanan rumfunan zaɓe da wuraren da ake gudanar da zaɓe a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin zaɓe na Gombe State, Jillahi tana ƙarƙashin Funakaye, wadda ke daga cikin ƙananan hukumomin jihar Gombe. Rahoton INEC na Babban Zaɓen 2023 ya bayyana cewa Gombe State tana da ƙananan hukumomi 11, Registration Areas 114 da rumfunan zaɓe 2,988 a faɗin jihar. <ref>{{cite web |title=Report of the 2023 General Election |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/2023-GENERAL-ELECTION-REPORT-1.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=2024 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Zaɓe == Jillahi na daga cikin yankunan da ke shiga tsarin zaɓe na Funakaye Local Government Area. Bayanai na rumfunan zaɓe sun nuna cewa dukkan rumfunan zaɓe 16 na Jillahi suna cikin tsarin lambar 15-05-06, wanda ke nuna alaƙarsu da Funakaye da Jillahi Registration Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in FUNAKAYE LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-funakaye-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2026, Funakaye ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan hukumomin da suka shiga zaɓen cike gurbi na Gombe–Kwami–Funakaye Federal Constituency. INEC ta bayyana cewa an gudanar da zaɓen a rumfunan zaɓe 903 da ke cikin ƙananan hukumomi uku na mazabar tarayya, ciki har da Funakaye. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gombe- Kwami- Funakaye- Federal Constituency Bye-Election - Result Sheets |url=https://cvr.inecnigeria.org/the_election_results/viewElection/3004 |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Funakaye]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Bage]] * [[Ashaka, Gombe State]] * [[Bajoga]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} nfmrxoh0v7ikqc9rc1bxbon1op3pp7g 0 177852 961832 2026-10-02T09:18:07Z Ummu Ilham 45024 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox settlement | name = Jillahi | settlement_type = Registration Area | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Funakaye]] | government_type = Registration Area | parts_type = Ward | parts = Jillahi | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Jillahi''' yanki ne na rajista da gundumar zaɓe da ke cikin [[Funakaye]] Local G... 961832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Jillahi | settlement_type = Registration Area | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = [[Gombe State]] | subdivision_type2 = Local Government Area | subdivision_name2 = [[Funakaye]] | government_type = Registration Area | parts_type = Ward | parts = Jillahi | timezone = WAT | utc_offset = +1 }} '''Jillahi''' yanki ne na rajista da gundumar zaɓe da ke cikin [[Funakaye]] Local Government Area na [[Gombe State]], [[Nigeria]]. Hukumar Zabe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Ƙasa (INEC) ta sanya Jillahi a matsayin Registration Area ta shida a cikin Funakaye, kuma lambar yankin ita ce '''15/05/06'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=GOMBE |url=https://inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Jillahi na daga cikin Registration Areas guda goma da ke ƙarƙashin Funakaye Local Government Area. Sauran yankunan sun haɗa da Ashaka/Magaba, Bage, Bajoga West, Bajoga East, Bodor/Tilde, Kupto, Ribadu, Tongo da Wawa/Wakkulutu. <ref>{{cite web |title=GOMBE |url=https://inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/GOMBE.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A bayanan da aka sabunta na rumfunan zaɓe, Jillahi tana da rumfunan zaɓe guda '''16'''. Wannan adadin ya yi daidai da jerin rumfunan zaɓe na Jillahi da aka wallafa bisa tsarin lambar INEC na Funakaye. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in FUNAKAYE LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-funakaye-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Kundin INEC na rumfunan zaɓe na Gombe State ya kuma tabbatar da cewa Funakaye tana cikin jerin Local Government Areas na jihar, kuma bayanan Jillahi suna cikin tsarin rabon Registration Areas da rumfunan zaɓe na wannan ƙaramar hukuma. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Rumfunan zaɓe == Jillahi tana da rumfunan zaɓe 16. Rumfunan sun haɗa da '''Ung. Bauchi Jillahi, Kofar Sarki''', '''Ung. Madaki, Pri. Sch.''', '''Ung. Galadima, Dispensary''', da '''Busum, Kofar Jauro'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Funakaye L.G.A Polling Units/Wards |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/funakaye-l-g-a-polling-units-wards/ |website=Media Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Sauran rumfunan zaɓen Jillahi sun haɗa da '''Wuro Arsi, Pri. Sch.''', '''Dubbel, Pri. Sch.''', '''Primary School Marmagani''', '''Jagabali, Kofar Jauro''', '''Kacacciya, Kofar Jauro''' da '''Jarkum, Kofar Jauro'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Funakaye L.G.A Polling Units/Wards |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/funakaye-l-g-a-polling-units-wards/ |website=Media Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Haka kuma, jerin rumfunan zaɓen ya ƙunshi '''Fetila, Kofar Jauro''', '''Mutuke, Kofar Jauro''', '''Bodoryel, Kofar Jauro''', '''Jamtari, Kofar Jauro''', '''Mangari, Kofar Jauro''' da '''Duga Sabo, Kofar Damji'''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Funakaye L.G.A Polling Units/Wards |url=https://www.medianigeria.com/funakaye-l-g-a-polling-units-wards/ |website=Media Nigeria |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> Lambobin rumfunan zaɓen Jillahi suna farawa da '''15-05-06-001''' zuwa '''15-05-06-016'''. A tsarin lambar INEC, ''15'' na wakiltar Gombe State, ''05'' Funakaye Local Government Area, yayin da ''06'' ke wakiltar Jillahi Registration Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in FUNAKAYE LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-funakaye-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Tarihin tsarin zaɓe == A kundin INEC da aka sake fasalin a watan Janairun 2015, Jillahi tana cikin jerin Registration Areas na Funakaye Local Government Area. Kundin ya tanadi bayanan rumfunan zaɓe da wuraren da ake gudanar da zaɓe a yankin. <ref>{{cite web |title=Directory of Polling Units, Gombe State |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/PU_Directory_Revised_January_2015_Gombe.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=January 2015 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A tsarin zaɓe na Gombe State, Jillahi tana ƙarƙashin Funakaye, wadda ke daga cikin ƙananan hukumomin jihar Gombe. Rahoton INEC na Babban Zaɓen 2023 ya bayyana cewa Gombe State tana da ƙananan hukumomi 11, Registration Areas 114 da rumfunan zaɓe 2,988 a faɗin jihar. <ref>{{cite web |title=Report of the 2023 General Election |url=https://www.inecnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/2023-GENERAL-ELECTION-REPORT-1.pdf |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |date=2024 |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Zaɓe == Jillahi na daga cikin yankunan da ke shiga tsarin zaɓe na Funakaye Local Government Area. Bayanai na rumfunan zaɓe sun nuna cewa dukkan rumfunan zaɓe 16 na Jillahi suna cikin tsarin lambar 15-05-06, wanda ke nuna alaƙarsu da Funakaye da Jillahi Registration Area. <ref>{{cite web |title=Full List of Polling Unit Numbers and ID Codes in FUNAKAYE LGA, Gombe State |url=https://www.eduweb.com.ng/full-list-of-polling-unit-numbers-and-id-codes-in-funakaye-lga-gombe-state/ |website=Eduweb |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> A shekarar 2026, Funakaye ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan hukumomin da suka shiga zaɓen cike gurbi na Gombe–Kwami–Funakaye Federal Constituency. INEC ta bayyana cewa an gudanar da zaɓen a rumfunan zaɓe 903 da ke cikin ƙananan hukumomi uku na mazabar tarayya, ciki har da Funakaye. <ref>{{cite web |title=Gombe- Kwami- Funakaye- Federal Constituency Bye-Election - Result Sheets |url=https://cvr.inecnigeria.org/the_election_results/viewElection/3004 |website=Independent National Electoral Commission |access-date=2 October 2026}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Funakaye]] * [[Gombe State]] * [[Bage]] * [[Ashaka, Gombe State]] * [[Bajoga]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} nfmrxoh0v7ikqc9rc1bxbon1op3pp7g 0 177853 961837 2026-10-02T10:39:36Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365599445|James H. Vahey]]" 961837 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Henry Vahey''' (29 ga Disamba, 1871 - 7 ga Afrilu, 1929) [[lauya]] ne kuma [[ɗan siyasa]] Amurka. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Vahey a ranar 29 ga Disamba, 1871, a Watertown, Massachusetts . Iyayensa baƙi ne na Irish waɗanda suka zo Amurka a 1869 kuma suna gudanar da kantin sayar da kayan masarufi a Watertown. Vahey na ɗaya daga cikin yara bakwai. Ɗaya daga cikin 'yan uwansa, John P. Vahey, shi ne lauyan kare Bartolomeo Vanzetti . Vahey ya kasance mai ba da jawabi na aji na Watertown High School na 1888 kuma ya kammala karatu daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Boston a 1892. A ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 1897, ya auri Margaret White a Concord, Massachusetts. Suna da 'ya'ya shida, ciki har da Shugaban Kwamitin Democrat na Jihar Massachusetts [[James H. Vahey Jr.]] . == Lauyan karewa == A shekara ta 1893, an shigar da Vahey cikin kotun kuma ya shiga ofishin lauya na Allen da Howland. A cikin 1898 shi da abokin aiki, Charles Hiller Innes, sun fara kamfaninsu. A cikin 1905 Philip Mansfield ya zama memba na kamfanin. A watan Yunin 1904, an nada Vahey a matsayin babban lauya ga Charles L. Tucker, mai shekaru 23 wanda aka zarge shi da shiga gidan Mabel Page da kuma soke ta har ya mutu. An sami Tucker da laifi a ranar 24 ga Janairu, 1905, bayan shari'ar da aka yada sosai. Vahey ya daukaka kara ga Kotun Koli ta Massachusetts kuma ya gabatar da Gwamna Curtis Guild Jr. tare da takardar da ke dauke da sa hannu 116,000. Kotun ta amince da hukuncin, Guild ta ki amincewa da jinƙai, kuma a ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1906, an kashe Tucker a cikin kujerar lantarki. A cikin 1905, Vahey, Innes, da Mansfield sun kare Dokta Percy D. McLeod, aboki na Innes wanda aka zarge shi da kasancewa kayan haɗi bayan gaskiyar mutuwar Susanna Geary, mai rawa wanda ya mutu bayan zubar da ciki da wani likita ya yi. An sami McLeod ba shi da laifi. A cikin 1909, Vahey ya maye gurbin ɗan'uwansa John a matsayin ƙaramin lauya ga James M. Harmon Jr., ɗan shekara 19 da ake zargi da harbi Maud H. Hartley har ya mutu. Wani ɗan'uwa, Thomas F. Vahey, ya yi aiki a matsayin babban lauya. A lokacin matakai na baya na shari'ar, Harmon ya amince da yin ikirarin aikata kisan kai a mataki na biyu kuma an yanke masa hukuncin rai da rai a kurkuku. == Ayyukan siyasa == === Ofishin yankin === Bayan 'yan makonni bayan ya kai shekarun jefa kuri'a, an zabi Vahey a hukumar makarantar Watertown. An sake zabarsa a 1896 kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 1899. Ya yi aiki a lokaci guda a kwamitin kiwon lafiya na Watertown. A cikin wannan matsayi, Vahey ya ɗauki shari'a a kan garin Newton, Massachusetts don fitar da datti a cikin wani kogi da ke gudana ta Watertown. Daga 1897 zuwa 1901, Vahey ya yi aiki a cikin kwamitin zaɓaɓɓu. Vahey ya kuma yi aiki na shekaru hudu a matsayin mai kula da gari. Shi ne ƙarami kuma Katolika na farko da aka zaba a wannan mukamin. A waje da gwamnati, Vahey ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Watertown YMCA kuma shine Babban Knight na farko na majalisar Watertown na Knights of Columbus . <ref name="Reputation" /> === Siyasa ta Shugaban kasa === Vahey ya wakilci Gundumar majalisa ta 12 ta Massachusetts a matsayin wakili a Yarjejeniyar Kasa ta Democrat ta 1904. An yi alkawari ga Richard Olney, wanda ofishinsa na lauya ya kasance a kan bene ɗaya da Allen da Howland lokacin da Vahey ke aiki a can. Ya kayar da tsohon dan majalisa George F. Williams, wanda ya kasance mai goyon bayan William Randolph Hearst. Vahey ya kuma kasance wakili a taron Jam'iyyar Democrat na 1924, inda ya goyi bayan Al Smith . === Majalisar Dattawa ta Jiha === A shekara ta 1906, an zabi Vahey a matsayin Majalisar Dattijai ta Massachusetts a Gundumar Middlesex ta 1. A lokacin da yake cikin Majalisar Dattijai, Vahey ya jagoranci gwagwarmayar kawar da hukuncin kisa, yana mai ambaton kwarewarsa tare da Charles L. Tucker, wanda ya yi imanin cewa ba shi da laifi, yana rinjayar matsayinsa. Ya kuma rubuta dokoki don hana hadin gwiwar Boston & Maine da New York, New Haven, &amp;amp; Hartford. === Kamfen don Gwamna === A ranar 14 ga Mayu, 1908, Vahey ya sanar da cewa yana shiga tseren Gwamnan Massachusetts. Ya lashe zaben Democrat tare da amincewa bayan shugaban ma'aikata E. Gerry Brown ya janye takararsa kuma ya goyi bayansa. 'Yan Democrat ba su da tsari sosai, tare da Vahey ya kasa samun goyon baya daga tsoffin' yan Democrat da na'urar siyasa ta [[Boston]] kuma Jamhuriyar Republican Eben Sumner Draper ya ci Vahey 52% zuwa 38% . Vahey ya sake tsayawa takarar gwamna a 1909 kuma ya ci magajin garin Fall River John T. Coughlin da kuri'u 384 zuwa 198 don lashe zaben Democrat. An zaɓi tsohon dan jam'iyyar Republican Eugene Foss ya zama abokin takararsa. A ranar 12 ga Oktoba, yayin da suke dawowa daga wani taro a Lowell, Massachusetts, Vahey da William Francis Murray sun ga harshen wuta yana fitowa daga ɗaki a cikin gidan haya. Su biyu sun gudu zuwa dakin, suka ɗauki wani mutum mara hankali daga gadonsa mai cin wuta, suka kashe wuta. Vahey ya gudanar da kamfen ɗin da ya fi dacewa a cikin 1909, yana gudana a kan dandamali wanda ke tallafawa sake fasalin farashi da ƙirƙirar harajin samun kudin shiga. Koyaya, Draper ya sake kayar da shi, a wannan lokacin ƙasa da kuri'u 8,000. Vahey ya dauki sakamakon a matsayin nasara ta ɗabi'a, yana mai bayyana cewa "An koya wa na'urar Jamhuriyar Republican darasi". A ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 1910, Vahey ya sanar da takararsa ta uku a matsayin gwamna.[1] Vahey ya bayyana cewa an tabbatar masa cewa Foss, wanda aka zaba a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka a farkon wannan shekarar, ba zai tsaya takarar gwamna ba.[2] A ranar 21 ga watan Satumba, Foss ya bayyana cewa ba zai " ɗaga yatsa don gabatarwa ba. Na ce ba zan zama dan takara ba a kan James H. Vahey kuma ina bin wannan sanarwa sosai".[3] A zaben farko na gwamna a taron jihar Democrat, Foss ya samu kuri'u 383 ga Vahey's 302 tare da dan takara na uku, Charles Sumner Hamlin ya samu 295. A zaben na biyu, Foss ya samu 438 kuma Vahey ya samu 425 tare da Hamlin ya rasa dukkan wakilai sai dai 20. Tare da taron ba tare da bege ba, an zabi Frederick W. Mansfield a matsayin dan takarar jam'iyyar na wucin gadi kuma an kafa kwamiti na musamman don zabar wadanda aka zaba na jam'iyyar don Gwamna da Mataimakin Gwamna. Idan kwamitin ba zai iya amincewa da dan takara ba, zabar za ta je Mansfield.[4] Kwamitin kuma ya kasance ba tare da izini ba, a wannan lokacin tsakanin Foss da Hamlin, kuma an yanke shawarar cewa zabar za ta tafi ga wanda ya lashe zaben wasiku na wakilan taron. Foss ya kayar da Hamlin da kuri'a guda daya a zaben wasiku don lashe zaben.[5] == Shawarwarin aiki == Daga 1912 har zuwa mutuwarsa, Vahey ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya ga Boston Street Carmen's Union . Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin babban lauya ga Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Railway Employees of America. A shekara ta 1919 kungiyar 'yan sanda ta Boston ta riƙe shi, wacce ke gwagwarmaya don amincewa da hukuma. Kwamishinan 'yan sanda Edwin Upton Curtis ya ki amincewa da ƙungiyar, wanda ya haifar da yajin aikin' yan sanda na Boston a shekarar 1919. Vahey ya mutu a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 1929, a gidansa da ke Watertown . == Dubi kuma == * Kotun Janar ta 128 ta Massachusetts (1907) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ldn9ep5bamjr2mpq2xqm5gb6adgmmlk 961838 961837 2026-10-02T10:40:16Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 961838 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James Henry Vahey''' (29 ga Disamba, 1871 - 7 ga Afrilu, 1929) [[lauya]] ne kuma [[ɗan siyasa]] Amurka. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Vahey a ranar 29 ga Disamba, 1871, a Watertown, Massachusetts . Iyayensa baƙi ne na Irish waɗanda suka zo Amurka a 1869 kuma suna gudanar da kantin sayar da kayan masarufi a Watertown. Vahey na ɗaya daga cikin yara bakwai. Ɗaya daga cikin 'yan uwansa, John P. Vahey, shi ne lauyan kare Bartolomeo Vanzetti . Vahey ya kasance mai ba da jawabi na aji na Watertown High School na 1888 kuma ya kammala karatu daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Boston a 1892. A ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 1897, ya auri Margaret White a Concord, Massachusetts. Suna da 'ya'ya shida, ciki har da Shugaban Kwamitin Democrat na Jihar Massachusetts [[James H. Vahey Jr.]] . == Lauyan karewa == A shekara ta 1893, an shigar da Vahey cikin kotun kuma ya shiga ofishin lauya na Allen da Howland. A cikin 1898 shi da abokin aiki, Charles Hiller Innes, sun fara kamfaninsu. A cikin 1905 Philip Mansfield ya zama memba na kamfanin. A watan Yunin 1904, an nada Vahey a matsayin babban lauya ga Charles L. Tucker, mai shekaru 23 wanda aka zarge shi da shiga gidan Mabel Page da kuma soke ta har ya mutu. An sami Tucker da laifi a ranar 24 ga Janairu, 1905, bayan shari'ar da aka yada sosai. Vahey ya daukaka kara ga Kotun Koli ta Massachusetts kuma ya gabatar da Gwamna Curtis Guild Jr. tare da takardar da ke dauke da sa hannu 116,000. Kotun ta amince da hukuncin, Guild ta ki amincewa da jinƙai, kuma a ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1906, an kashe Tucker a cikin kujerar lantarki. A cikin 1905, Vahey, Innes, da Mansfield sun kare Dokta Percy D. McLeod, aboki na Innes wanda aka zarge shi da kasancewa kayan haɗi bayan gaskiyar mutuwar Susanna Geary, mai rawa wanda ya mutu bayan zubar da ciki da wani likita ya yi. An sami McLeod ba shi da laifi. A cikin 1909, Vahey ya maye gurbin ɗan'uwansa John a matsayin ƙaramin lauya ga James M. Harmon Jr., ɗan shekara 19 da ake zargi da harbi Maud H. Hartley har ya mutu. Wani ɗan'uwa, Thomas F. Vahey, ya yi aiki a matsayin babban lauya. A lokacin matakai na baya na shari'ar, Harmon ya amince da yin ikirarin aikata kisan kai a mataki na biyu kuma an yanke masa hukuncin rai da rai a kurkuku. == Ayyukan siyasa == === Ofishin yankin === Bayan 'yan makonni bayan ya kai shekarun jefa kuri'a, an zabi Vahey a hukumar makarantar Watertown. An sake zabarsa a 1896 kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa 1899. Ya yi aiki a lokaci guda a kwamitin kiwon lafiya na Watertown. A cikin wannan matsayi, Vahey ya ɗauki shari'a a kan garin Newton, Massachusetts don fitar da datti a cikin wani kogi da ke gudana ta Watertown. Daga 1897 zuwa 1901, Vahey ya yi aiki a cikin kwamitin zaɓaɓɓu. Vahey ya kuma yi aiki na shekaru hudu a matsayin mai kula da gari. Shi ne ƙarami kuma Katolika na farko da aka zaba a wannan mukamin. A waje da gwamnati, Vahey ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Watertown YMCA kuma shine Babban Knight na farko na majalisar Watertown na Knights of Columbus . <ref name="Reputation" /> === Siyasa ta Shugaban kasa === Vahey ya wakilci Gundumar majalisa ta 12 ta Massachusetts a matsayin wakili a Yarjejeniyar Kasa ta Democrat ta 1904. An yi alkawari ga Richard Olney, wanda ofishinsa na lauya ya kasance a kan bene ɗaya da Allen da Howland lokacin da Vahey ke aiki a can. Ya kayar da tsohon dan majalisa George F. Williams, wanda ya kasance mai goyon bayan William Randolph Hearst. Vahey ya kuma kasance wakili a taron Jam'iyyar Democrat na 1924, inda ya goyi bayan Al Smith . === Majalisar Dattawa ta Jiha === A shekara ta 1906, an zabi Vahey a matsayin Majalisar Dattijai ta Massachusetts a Gundumar Middlesex ta 1. A lokacin da yake cikin Majalisar Dattijai, Vahey ya jagoranci gwagwarmayar kawar da hukuncin kisa, yana mai ambaton kwarewarsa tare da Charles L. Tucker, wanda ya yi imanin cewa ba shi da laifi, yana rinjayar matsayinsa. Ya kuma rubuta dokoki don hana hadin gwiwar Boston & Maine da New York, New Haven, &amp;amp; Hartford. === Kamfen don Gwamna === A ranar 14 ga Mayu, 1908, Vahey ya sanar da cewa yana shiga tseren Gwamnan Massachusetts. Ya lashe zaben Democrat tare da amincewa bayan shugaban ma'aikata E. Gerry Brown ya janye takararsa kuma ya goyi bayansa. 'Yan Democrat ba su da tsari sosai, tare da Vahey ya kasa samun goyon baya daga tsoffin' yan Democrat da na'urar siyasa ta [[Boston]] kuma Jamhuriyar Republican Eben Sumner Draper ya ci Vahey 52% zuwa 38% . Vahey ya sake tsayawa takarar gwamna a 1909 kuma ya ci magajin garin Fall River John T. Coughlin da kuri'u 384 zuwa 198 don lashe zaben Democrat. An zaɓi tsohon dan jam'iyyar Republican Eugene Foss ya zama abokin takararsa. A ranar 12 ga Oktoba, yayin da suke dawowa daga wani taro a Lowell, Massachusetts, Vahey da William Francis Murray sun ga harshen wuta yana fitowa daga ɗaki a cikin gidan haya. Su biyu sun gudu zuwa dakin, suka ɗauki wani mutum mara hankali daga gadonsa mai cin wuta, suka kashe wuta. Vahey ya gudanar da kamfen ɗin da ya fi dacewa a cikin 1909, yana gudana a kan dandamali wanda ke tallafawa sake fasalin farashi da ƙirƙirar harajin samun kudin shiga. Koyaya, Draper ya sake kayar da shi, a wannan lokacin ƙasa da kuri'u 8,000. Vahey ya dauki sakamakon a matsayin nasara ta ɗabi'a, yana mai bayyana cewa "An koya wa na'urar Jamhuriyar Republican darasi". A ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 1910, Vahey ya sanar da takararsa ta uku a matsayin gwamna.[1] Vahey ya bayyana cewa an tabbatar masa cewa Foss, wanda aka zaba a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka a farkon wannan shekarar, ba zai tsaya takarar gwamna ba.[2] A ranar 21 ga watan Satumba, Foss ya bayyana cewa ba zai " ɗaga yatsa don gabatarwa ba. Na ce ba zan zama dan takara ba a kan James H. Vahey kuma ina bin wannan sanarwa sosai".[3] A zaben farko na gwamna a taron jihar Democrat, Foss ya samu kuri'u 383 ga Vahey's 302 tare da dan takara na uku, Charles Sumner Hamlin ya samu 295. A zaben na biyu, Foss ya samu 438 kuma Vahey ya samu 425 tare da Hamlin ya rasa dukkan wakilai sai dai 20. Tare da taron ba tare da bege ba, an zabi Frederick W. Mansfield a matsayin dan takarar jam'iyyar na wucin gadi kuma an kafa kwamiti na musamman don zabar wadanda aka zaba na jam'iyyar don Gwamna da Mataimakin Gwamna. Idan kwamitin ba zai iya amincewa da dan takara ba, zabar za ta je Mansfield.[4] Kwamitin kuma ya kasance ba tare da izini ba, a wannan lokacin tsakanin Foss da Hamlin, kuma an yanke shawarar cewa zabar za ta tafi ga wanda ya lashe zaben wasiku na wakilan taron. Foss ya kayar da Hamlin da kuri'a guda daya a zaben wasiku don lashe zaben.[5] == Shawarwarin aiki == Daga 1912 har zuwa mutuwarsa, Vahey ya yi aiki a matsayin lauya ga Boston Street Carmen's Union . Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin babban lauya ga Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Railway Employees of America. A shekara ta 1919 kungiyar 'yan sanda ta Boston ta riƙe shi, wacce ke gwagwarmaya don amincewa da hukuma. Kwamishinan 'yan sanda Edwin Upton Curtis ya ki amincewa da ƙungiyar, wanda ya haifar da yajin aikin' yan sanda na Boston a shekarar 1919. Vahey ya mutu a ranar 7 ga Afrilu, 1929, a gidansa da ke Watertown . == Dubi kuma == * Kotun Janar ta 128 ta Massachusetts (1907) == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] am9t1nqdf4pzexxlmkqhu9hsjttuegi 0 177854 961839 2026-10-02T10:40:32Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348752785|Angela Nicole Walker]]" 961839 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Angela Nicole Walker''' (an haife ta a ranar 19 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1974) 'yar gwagwarmayar Amurka ce, kwararren direba, kuma mai shirya aiki. Walker ya kasance mataimakin dan takarar shugaban kasa na Green Party na Amurka da Socialist Party na Amurka don Zaben 2020 tare da dan takarar Shugaban kasa Howie Hawkins . [1][2] Ta kasance a baya mataimakiyar dan takarar shugaban kasa na Jam'iyyar Socialist ta Amurka don Zaben 2016 tare da dan takarar Shugaban kasa Mimi Soltysik . [3] Walker ya yi takarar mukamin siyasa a karo na farko a shekarar 2014 a matsayin mai zaman kansa mai zaman kansa ga Sheriff na Milwaukee County, Wisconsin . Walker ta bayyana kanta a matsayin mai gurguzu a cikin al'adar [[Fred Hampton]] da Assata Shakur . <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2, 2020 |title=Meet five Black and Brown Southerners running for office to change the system |url=https://www.scalawagmagazine.org/2020/06/progressive-southern-candidates/ |website=Scalawag}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Angela Walker kuma ta girma a Milwaukee, Wisconsin, inda ta zauna da farko a cikin unguwar Northside. Walker ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Bay View . Yayinda yake makarantar sakandare, Walker ya taimaka wajen shirya dalibai don tallafawa karatun [[Tarihin Afirka da Amurka|Tarihin Baƙar fata]] a Bay View, wanda ya ci nasara. Ta yi karatun tarihi a Jami'ar Arewacin Florida amma ta fita a shekarar ta ƙarshe saboda "tana iya samun kuɗi a matsayin direban bas fiye da a matsayin malami". Walker ya yi aiki na shekaru biyu a matsayin direba na Greyhound Lines . Da yake bayyana rayuwarta a matsayin "odyssey", Walker ya koma Arewacin Carolina, inda ta yi aure kuma ta koma Florida. Ta koma Milwaukee a shekara ta 2009 kuma an hayar ta a matsayin direba ga MilwaukeE County Transit System . [[File:Protest_0237_(50940065412).jpg|thumb|Walker yana tara goyon baya ga zaben dawo da gwamna na WisconsinZaben janyewar gwamna na Wisconsin]] Walker ya yi aiki a matsayin direban bas sama da shekaru 14. Walker a halin yanzu yana aiki ne a matsayin direban motar. === Yakin Sheriff === A cikin shekara ta 2014, Walker ta yi tsere da dan jam'iyyar Democrat da Fox News David A. Clarke Jr. A lokacin da ta yi yakin neman zabe a Milwaukee, Walker ta yi kira da a kawo karshen ɗaurin kurkuku, korar mutane, da kuma 'yan sanda masu adawa da baƙi. Ta samu kusan kashi 20 cikin 100 na kuri'un. == Yaƙin neman zaɓe na mataimakin shugaban kasa == === Yaƙin neman zaɓe na 2016 === A watan Maris na shekara ta 2016, Walker ta bayyana cewa an dauke ta ne a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar Socialist Party ta Amurka ta hanyar abokin takarar ta gaba, Mimi Soltysik, bayan yakin neman zabe. An zabi Walker da Soltysik a taron jam'iyyar Socialist Party National Convention a garin Walker na Milwaukee, Wisconsin a watan Oktoba 2015. <ref name="nominated">{{Cite web |last=Winger |first=Richard |date=October 17, 2015 |title=Socialist Party National Ticket Nominated |url=http://ballot-access.org/2015/10/17/socialist-party-national-ticket-nominated/ |access-date=May 10, 2016 |website=[[Ballot Access News]]}}</ref> Soltysik-Walker ya bayyana a cikin kuri'un a Colorado, Guam da Michigan da kuma 'yan takarar rubuce-rubuce a wasu jihohi da yawa a lokacin babban zaben. === Yaƙin neman zaɓe na 2020 === <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>A ranar 5 ga Mayu, 2020, dan takarar shugaban kasa na Green Party kuma dan takarar Shugaban kasa na Socialist Party na Amurka Howie Hawkins ya sanar da cewa Walker ya yarda da tayin da ya yi na zama abokin takararsa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 5, 2020 |title=Angela Walker for Vice President! |url=https://howiehawkins.us/angela-walker-for-vice-president/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Saturn |first=William |date=May 5, 2020 |title=Howie Hawkins Announces Running Mate |url=https://independentpoliticalreport.com/2020/05/howie-hawkins-announces-running-mate/}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga watan Yulin, an zabi Walker a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa na Green Party. Ita ce ta biyu a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa na Afirka na Green Party kuma ta farko daga jihar South Carolina. === Yin ritaya daga siyasa === After her 2020 vice presidential campaign, Walker announced on her personal Facebook page that she has retired from politics.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2023}} == Rayuwa ta mutum == Walker [[Cin ganyayyaki kawai|Mai cin ganyayyaki]] ne kuma mai [[Bisexuality|Jima'i biyu]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Holmes |first=Juwan J. |date=September 24, 2020 |title=Angela Walker is a proud bisexual truck driver promising to bring "trouble" to the White House |url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2020/09/angela-walker-proud-bisexual-truck-driver-promising-bring-trouble-white-house/ |access-date=September 27, 2020 |website=LGBTQ Nation}}</ref> == Tarihin zabe == === Zaben 2014 === {{Election box begin no change}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=[[David A. Clarke Jr|David Clarke]]|votes=147,809|percentage=79.12}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Independent (politician)|candidate='''Angela Walker'''|votes=37,289|percentage=19.96}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Nonpartisan politician|candidate=''Write-in''|votes=1,718|percentage=0.92}} {{End}} === Zaben 2016 === {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="4" |Sakamakon zaben shugaban kasa na Amurka na 2016 Dan takarar jam'iyyar Socialist Party a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban kasa<br />{{Small|Socialist Party nominee for Vice President}} |- !Jiha ko Yankin !Kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari !Cikakken kuri'a !A kan kuri'a ko Rubuta |- |Guam |4.22% |(1,357) |A kan Zabe |- |Michigan |0.05% |2,209 |A kan Zabe |- |Colorado |0.01% |271 |A kan Zabe |- |Texas |<0.01% |72 |Rubuta |- |Indiya |<0.01% |57 |Rubuta |- |Birnin New York |<0.01% |36 |Rubuta |- |Wisconsin |<0.01% |33 |Rubuta |- |Yaduwa |n/a |15 |Rubuta-rubuce |- | colspan="2" |Jimillar | colspan="2" |2,693 (4,050) |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] 8u8lvi6ag6kkanty12ptt9qx3wk4qf2 961840 961839 2026-10-02T10:41:09Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 961840 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Angela Nicole Walker''' (an haife ta a ranar 19 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1974) 'yar gwagwarmayar Amurka ce, kwararren direba, kuma mai shirya aiki. Walker ya kasance mataimakin dan takarar shugaban kasa na Green Party na Amurka da Socialist Party na Amurka don Zaben 2020 tare da dan takarar Shugaban kasa Howie Hawkins . [1][2] Ta kasance a baya mataimakiyar dan takarar shugaban kasa na Jam'iyyar Socialist ta Amurka don Zaben 2016 tare da dan takarar Shugaban kasa Mimi Soltysik . [3] Walker ya yi takarar mukamin siyasa a karo na farko a shekarar 2014 a matsayin mai zaman kansa mai zaman kansa ga Sheriff na Milwaukee County, Wisconsin . Walker ta bayyana kanta a matsayin mai gurguzu a cikin al'adar [[Fred Hampton]] da Assata Shakur . <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2, 2020 |title=Meet five Black and Brown Southerners running for office to change the system |url=https://www.scalawagmagazine.org/2020/06/progressive-southern-candidates/ |website=Scalawag}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Angela Walker kuma ta girma a Milwaukee, Wisconsin, inda ta zauna da farko a cikin unguwar Northside. Walker ta kammala karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Bay View . Yayinda yake makarantar sakandare, Walker ya taimaka wajen shirya dalibai don tallafawa karatun [[Tarihin Afirka da Amurka|Tarihin Baƙar fata]] a Bay View, wanda ya ci nasara. Ta yi karatun tarihi a Jami'ar Arewacin Florida amma ta fita a shekarar ta ƙarshe saboda "tana iya samun kuɗi a matsayin direban bas fiye da a matsayin malami". Walker ya yi aiki na shekaru biyu a matsayin direba na Greyhound Lines . Da yake bayyana rayuwarta a matsayin "odyssey", Walker ya koma Arewacin Carolina, inda ta yi aure kuma ta koma Florida. Ta koma Milwaukee a shekara ta 2009 kuma an hayar ta a matsayin direba ga MilwaukeE County Transit System . [[File:Protest_0237_(50940065412).jpg|thumb|Walker yana tara goyon baya ga zaben dawo da gwamna na WisconsinZaben janyewar gwamna na Wisconsin]] Walker ya yi aiki a matsayin direban bas sama da shekaru 14. Walker a halin yanzu yana aiki ne a matsayin direban motar. === Yakin Sheriff === A cikin shekara ta 2014, Walker ta yi tsere da dan jam'iyyar Democrat da Fox News David A. Clarke Jr. A lokacin da ta yi yakin neman zabe a Milwaukee, Walker ta yi kira da a kawo karshen ɗaurin kurkuku, korar mutane, da kuma 'yan sanda masu adawa da baƙi. Ta samu kusan kashi 20 cikin 100 na kuri'un. == Yaƙin neman zaɓe na mataimakin shugaban kasa == === Yaƙin neman zaɓe na 2016 === A watan Maris na shekara ta 2016, Walker ta bayyana cewa an dauke ta ne a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar Socialist Party ta Amurka ta hanyar abokin takarar ta gaba, Mimi Soltysik, bayan yakin neman zabe. An zabi Walker da Soltysik a taron jam'iyyar Socialist Party National Convention a garin Walker na Milwaukee, Wisconsin a watan Oktoba 2015. <ref name="nominated">{{Cite web |last=Winger |first=Richard |date=October 17, 2015 |title=Socialist Party National Ticket Nominated |url=http://ballot-access.org/2015/10/17/socialist-party-national-ticket-nominated/ |access-date=May 10, 2016 |website=[[Ballot Access News]]}}</ref> Soltysik-Walker ya bayyana a cikin kuri'un a Colorado, Guam da Michigan da kuma 'yan takarar rubuce-rubuce a wasu jihohi da yawa a lokacin babban zaben. === Yaƙin neman zaɓe na 2020 === <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>A ranar 5 ga Mayu, 2020, dan takarar shugaban kasa na Green Party kuma dan takarar Shugaban kasa na Socialist Party na Amurka Howie Hawkins ya sanar da cewa Walker ya yarda da tayin da ya yi na zama abokin takararsa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 5, 2020 |title=Angela Walker for Vice President! |url=https://howiehawkins.us/angela-walker-for-vice-president/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Saturn |first=William |date=May 5, 2020 |title=Howie Hawkins Announces Running Mate |url=https://independentpoliticalreport.com/2020/05/howie-hawkins-announces-running-mate/}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga watan Yulin, an zabi Walker a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa na Green Party. Ita ce ta biyu a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa na Afirka na Green Party kuma ta farko daga jihar South Carolina. === Yin ritaya daga siyasa === After her 2020 vice presidential campaign, Walker announced on her personal Facebook page that she has retired from politics.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=October 2023}} == Rayuwa ta mutum == Walker [[Cin ganyayyaki kawai|Mai cin ganyayyaki]] ne kuma mai [[Bisexuality|Jima'i biyu]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Holmes |first=Juwan J. |date=September 24, 2020 |title=Angela Walker is a proud bisexual truck driver promising to bring "trouble" to the White House |url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2020/09/angela-walker-proud-bisexual-truck-driver-promising-bring-trouble-white-house/ |access-date=September 27, 2020 |website=LGBTQ Nation}}</ref> == Tarihin zabe == === Zaben 2014 === {{Election box begin no change}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=[[David A. Clarke Jr|David Clarke]]|votes=147,809|percentage=79.12}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Independent (politician)|candidate='''Angela Walker'''|votes=37,289|percentage=19.96}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Nonpartisan politician|candidate=''Write-in''|votes=1,718|percentage=0.92}} {{End}} === Zaben 2016 === {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="4" |Sakamakon zaben shugaban kasa na Amurka na 2016 Dan takarar jam'iyyar Socialist Party a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban kasa<br />{{Small|Socialist Party nominee for Vice President}} |- !Jiha ko Yankin !Kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari !Cikakken kuri'a !A kan kuri'a ko Rubuta |- |Guam |4.22% |(1,357) |A kan Zabe |- |Michigan |0.05% |2,209 |A kan Zabe |- |Colorado |0.01% |271 |A kan Zabe |- |Texas |<0.01% |72 |Rubuta |- |Indiya |<0.01% |57 |Rubuta |- |Birnin New York |<0.01% |36 |Rubuta |- |Wisconsin |<0.01% |33 |Rubuta |- |Yaduwa |n/a |15 |Rubuta-rubuce |- | colspan="2" |Jimillar | colspan="2" |2,693 (4,050) |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] pckudy4cs8q34mzrz2sc91wcpcphjzt 0 177855 961841 2026-10-02T10:41:34Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376821225|James B. Carey]]" 961841 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Barron Carey''' (12 ga Agusta, 1911 - 11 ga Satumba, 1973) ya kasance shugaban Kungiyar kwadago ta Amurka na ƙarni na 20, sakatare-mai ba da kuɗi na Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO; 1938-1955), mataimakin shugaban AFL-CIO (daga 1955) kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban United Electrical Workers (EU; 1936-1941), amma ya rabu da shi saboda zargin da ake kira ikon Kwaminisanci. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kungiyar International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers (1950-1965). [[Harry S. Truman|Shugaba Truman]] ya nada Carey a Kwamitin Shugaban kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama a 1946. Carey ya kasance wakilin ma'aikata a Kungiyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (1965-1972). Ya taimaka wajen rinjayar CIO daga Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya (WFTU) da kuma kafa Ƙungiyar Kwararrun Kwadago (ICFTU) ta Duniya da aka keɓe don inganta cinikayya ta kyauta da ƙungiyar dimokuradiyya a duk duniya. == Tarihi == James Barron Carey, was born in [[Philadelphia|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]] on August 12, 1911 of Irish descent, one of the eleven children of John C. and Margaret (née Loughery) Carey. His father was a paymaster at the United States Mint in Philadelphia. Carey attended St. Theresa's Parochial School. The family moved to Glassboro, New Jersey where he graduated from Glassboro High School. At the age of fourteen{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2016}} he was making trellises in a local factory after school hours and during summers; while still in school he worked part-time as an apprentice projectionist in a Glassboro motion picture theater.<ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=October 6, 1958 |title=Why Is GE Afraid of Carey? |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/56992738/ |access-date=March 19, 2016 |website=Newspapers.com |publisher=[[The Berkshire Eagle]]}}</ref> The head projectionist, who was an officer in the film operators' union, reportedly gave Carey the theory and practice of the labor movement.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2016}} == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan Tarayyar === [[File:CIO_group._L.-R-_Albert_Stonkus,_Director_of_the_Utilities_Division,_CIO;_James_B._Carey,_President_of_the_United_Electrical_Radio_&_Machine_Workers_of_America;_Julius_Emsback(%3F),_LCCN2016873183.jpg|right|thumb|Carey (na biyu daga hagu) tare da sauran shugabannin CIO, 1938]] Ayyukan farko na Carey ya kasance a matsayin ma'aikacin lantarki a dakin gwaje-gwaje na rediyo na Kamfanin Batir na Philadelphia (daga baya Kamfanin Philco). Ya fara ne a 1929, yayin da yake karatun maraice a fannin injiniyan lantarki a Cibiyar Drexel . Carey da wasu ma'aikata shida a masana'antar Philco sun fara "Phil-Rod Fishing Club," da farko don shirya ƙungiyar. Ya daina karatunsa a Cibiyar Drexel, daga 1931 zuwa 1932 Carey ya halarci Makarantar Kudi da Kasuwanci ta Wharton ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania, inda ya dauki darussan maraice a cikin gudanar da masana'antu, hasashen kasuwanci, da kudi. A karkashin Dokar Maido da Masana'antu ta Kasa a watan Yunin 1933, masana'antar rediyo ta kafa "Kwamitin Kamfanin" don saduwa da bukatun sulhu na NRA. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1933, an tura Carey a matsayin wakili daga yankin zuwa taron Tarayyar Ma'aikata ta Amurka (AFL). Watanni biyu bayan haka, wakilan AFL da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu a cikin masana'antun rediyo da lantarki sun hadu a New York, sun kafa Majalisar Ma'aikata ta Rediyo da Allied Trades, kuma sun zabi Carey (wanda ke da shekaru 22) shugabanta na farko. Carey ya zama Shugaban kungiyar United Electrical Workers (UE) a 1936 yayin da aka kafa ta. A karkashin jagorancin Carey EU ta kafa alaƙa da sabuwar Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). A shekara ta 1941, ya rabu da UE saboda ikon Kwaminisanci.<ref name="quigel">{{Cite web |last=Quigel |first=James P. |title=Administrative History; the Carey Presidency in An Inventory of the Records of the President's Office of the International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers, ca. 1938–1965 |url=http://www2.scc.rutgers.edu/ead/manuscripts/iuef.html |access-date=March 19, 2016 |publisher=Special Collections and University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries}}</ref> Daga 1938 zuwa 1955, Carey ya yi aiki a matsayin sakatare-mai ba da kuɗi na Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). A cikin 1948, Max Lowenthal, wani Truman insider, ya rubuta a cikin littafinsa na 1948 cewa Carey shine babban shugaban CIO Philip Murray. Ya rubuta wata tattaunawa a cikin littafinsa kamar haka: == Rayuwa da mutuwarsa == Carey ta auri tsohuwar Margaret McCormick a 1938. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, James da Patricia . Carey ya mutu a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 1973, daga [[ciwon zuciya]] a gidansa a Silver Spring, Maryland. Matarsa da 'ya'yansa sun mutu. An binne shi a Kabari na Gate of Heaven a Silver Spring, Maryland.{{Sfn|Spencer|1998}} == Kyauta == An sanya masa suna a cikin ɗakin karatu na James B. Carey a Jami'ar Rutgers. An samar da nune-nunen da ke nuna aikinsa, "James B. Carey: Labor's Boy Wonder", a Rutgers a shekara ta 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Golon |first=Bob |title=Biography of James B. Carey |url=http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~smlr/library/james_carey/moreinfo.htm#exhibit |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003202/http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~smlr/library/james_carey/moreinfo.htm#exhibit |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=March 19, 2016 |publisher=Special Collections and University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries}}</ref> Ƙarin bayanan tarihin Carey suna cikin ɗakin karatu na Walter P. Reuther Library of Labor and Urban Affairs, da Harry S. Truman Library and Museum da kuma [[John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum]]. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1911]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1973]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6skjta0axpbn7ilajjiq9ngdwar19hi 961842 961841 2026-10-02T10:41:55Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 961842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James Barron Carey''' (12 ga Agusta, 1911 - 11 ga Satumba, 1973) ya kasance shugaban Kungiyar kwadago ta Amurka na ƙarni na 20, sakatare-mai ba da kuɗi na Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO; 1938-1955), mataimakin shugaban AFL-CIO (daga 1955) kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban United Electrical Workers (EU; 1936-1941), amma ya rabu da shi saboda zargin da ake kira ikon Kwaminisanci. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kungiyar International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers (1950-1965). [[Harry S. Truman|Shugaba Truman]] ya nada Carey a Kwamitin Shugaban kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama a 1946. Carey ya kasance wakilin ma'aikata a Kungiyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (1965-1972). Ya taimaka wajen rinjayar CIO daga Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya (WFTU) da kuma kafa Ƙungiyar Kwararrun Kwadago (ICFTU) ta Duniya da aka keɓe don inganta cinikayya ta kyauta da ƙungiyar dimokuradiyya a duk duniya. == Tarihi == James Barron Carey, was born in [[Philadelphia|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]] on August 12, 1911 of Irish descent, one of the eleven children of John C. and Margaret (née Loughery) Carey. His father was a paymaster at the United States Mint in Philadelphia. Carey attended St. Theresa's Parochial School. The family moved to Glassboro, New Jersey where he graduated from Glassboro High School. At the age of fourteen{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2016}} he was making trellises in a local factory after school hours and during summers; while still in school he worked part-time as an apprentice projectionist in a Glassboro motion picture theater.<ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=October 6, 1958 |title=Why Is GE Afraid of Carey? |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/56992738/ |access-date=March 19, 2016 |website=Newspapers.com |publisher=[[The Berkshire Eagle]]}}</ref> The head projectionist, who was an officer in the film operators' union, reportedly gave Carey the theory and practice of the labor movement.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2016}} == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan Tarayyar === [[File:CIO_group._L.-R-_Albert_Stonkus,_Director_of_the_Utilities_Division,_CIO;_James_B._Carey,_President_of_the_United_Electrical_Radio_&_Machine_Workers_of_America;_Julius_Emsback(%3F),_LCCN2016873183.jpg|right|thumb|Carey (na biyu daga hagu) tare da sauran shugabannin CIO, 1938]] Ayyukan farko na Carey ya kasance a matsayin ma'aikacin lantarki a dakin gwaje-gwaje na rediyo na Kamfanin Batir na Philadelphia (daga baya Kamfanin Philco). Ya fara ne a 1929, yayin da yake karatun maraice a fannin injiniyan lantarki a Cibiyar Drexel . Carey da wasu ma'aikata shida a masana'antar Philco sun fara "Phil-Rod Fishing Club," da farko don shirya ƙungiyar. Ya daina karatunsa a Cibiyar Drexel, daga 1931 zuwa 1932 Carey ya halarci Makarantar Kudi da Kasuwanci ta Wharton ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania, inda ya dauki darussan maraice a cikin gudanar da masana'antu, hasashen kasuwanci, da kudi. A karkashin Dokar Maido da Masana'antu ta Kasa a watan Yunin 1933, masana'antar rediyo ta kafa "Kwamitin Kamfanin" don saduwa da bukatun sulhu na NRA. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1933, an tura Carey a matsayin wakili daga yankin zuwa taron Tarayyar Ma'aikata ta Amurka (AFL). Watanni biyu bayan haka, wakilan AFL da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu a cikin masana'antun rediyo da lantarki sun hadu a New York, sun kafa Majalisar Ma'aikata ta Rediyo da Allied Trades, kuma sun zabi Carey (wanda ke da shekaru 22) shugabanta na farko. Carey ya zama Shugaban kungiyar United Electrical Workers (UE) a 1936 yayin da aka kafa ta. A karkashin jagorancin Carey EU ta kafa alaƙa da sabuwar Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). A shekara ta 1941, ya rabu da UE saboda ikon Kwaminisanci.<ref name="quigel">{{Cite web |last=Quigel |first=James P. |title=Administrative History; the Carey Presidency in An Inventory of the Records of the President's Office of the International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers, ca. 1938–1965 |url=http://www2.scc.rutgers.edu/ead/manuscripts/iuef.html |access-date=March 19, 2016 |publisher=Special Collections and University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries}}</ref> Daga 1938 zuwa 1955, Carey ya yi aiki a matsayin sakatare-mai ba da kuɗi na Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). A cikin 1948, Max Lowenthal, wani Truman insider, ya rubuta a cikin littafinsa na 1948 cewa Carey shine babban shugaban CIO Philip Murray. Ya rubuta wata tattaunawa a cikin littafinsa kamar haka: == Rayuwa da mutuwarsa == Carey ta auri tsohuwar Margaret McCormick a 1938. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu, James da Patricia . Carey ya mutu a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 1973, daga [[ciwon zuciya]] a gidansa a Silver Spring, Maryland. Matarsa da 'ya'yansa sun mutu. An binne shi a Kabari na Gate of Heaven a Silver Spring, Maryland.{{Sfn|Spencer|1998}} == Kyauta == An sanya masa suna a cikin ɗakin karatu na James B. Carey a Jami'ar Rutgers. An samar da nune-nunen da ke nuna aikinsa, "James B. Carey: Labor's Boy Wonder", a Rutgers a shekara ta 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Golon |first=Bob |title=Biography of James B. Carey |url=http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~smlr/library/james_carey/moreinfo.htm#exhibit |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003202/http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~smlr/library/james_carey/moreinfo.htm#exhibit |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=March 19, 2016 |publisher=Special Collections and University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries}}</ref> Ƙarin bayanan tarihin Carey suna cikin ɗakin karatu na Walter P. Reuther Library of Labor and Urban Affairs, da Harry S. Truman Library and Museum da kuma [[John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum]]. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1911]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1973]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 90nbdmhmxwwyd63ei2x6q387z2fb90e 0 177856 961843 2026-10-02T10:42:09Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349846138|David Côté (politician)]]" 961843 wikitext text/x-wiki David Côté (10 ga Fabrairu, 1915 - 8 ga Maris, 1969) ɗan siyasan Kanada ne a Quebec . Côté shi ne kawai memba na Fédération du Commonwealth Coopératif (sashen Quebec na Tarayyar Commonwealth) wanda aka taba zabarsa a Majalisar Dokoki ta Quebec. Côté ya kasance mai shirya Kungiyar kwadago don Majalisa ta Ƙungiyoyin Masana'antu da ke aiki tsakanin [[Hakar ma'adinai|masu hakar ma'adinai]] a Rouyn . An zabe shi a majalisar dokoki a matsayin memba na CCF na Rouyn-Noranda a Zaben lardin 1944 tare da kashi 21% na kuri'un. Ya zauna a matsayin mai zaman kansa daga 22 ga Yuli, 1945 har zuwa ƙarshen wa'adinsa kuma bai nemi sake zaben a Zaben 1948 ba. * [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1969]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1915]] 91yg3rjseqsrpysu1p98hmzwqdv3xlh 961844 961843 2026-10-02T10:43:47Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 961844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} David Côté (10 ga Fabrairu, 1915 - 8 ga Maris, 1969) ɗan siyasan Kanada ne a Quebec . Côté shi ne kawai memba na Fédération du Commonwealth Coopératif (sashen Quebec na Tarayyar Commonwealth) wanda aka taba zabarsa a Majalisar Dokoki ta Quebec. Côté ya kasance mai shirya Kungiyar kwadago don Majalisa ta Ƙungiyoyin Masana'antu da ke aiki tsakanin [[Hakar ma'adinai|masu hakar ma'adinai]] a Rouyn . An zabe shi a majalisar dokoki a matsayin memba na CCF na Rouyn-Noranda a Zaben lardin 1944 tare da kashi 21% na kuri'un. Ya zauna a matsayin mai zaman kansa daga 22 ga Yuli, 1945 har zuwa ƙarshen wa'adinsa kuma bai nemi sake zaben a Zaben 1948 ba. == Hanyoyin hadi na waje == *Biography". Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de 1792 à nos jours (in French). National Assembly of Quebec. [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1969]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1915]] 9scf0602rigibgnb0femmhv29w7ipc5 0 177857 961845 2026-10-02T10:44:34Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372344729|John Gardner (boat builder)]]" 961845 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Gardner''' (1905-1995) an haife shi a Calais, Maine, Amurka; masanin tarihin ruwa ne, marubuci, mai shirya aiki, kuma mai tsarawa da kuma mai gina jiragen ruwa na katako. == Ilimi == Gardner ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Calais, Maine, a cikin aji na 1923; [1] ya yi karatu don zama malami a Machias Normal School, Maine; kuma ya sami digiri na biyu daga Kwaleji ta Malami a Jami'ar Columbia a 1932. == Ayyuka == A cikin shekarun 1930 Gardner ya yi aiki a matsayin mai shirya aiki ga Congress of Industrial Organizations . A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu Gardner ya tafi aiki wajen gina jiragen ruwa a cikin shagon jirgin ruwa na Marblehead <ref name="NYT-10-19-1995" /> kuma a lokacin yakin duniya da ya biyu Gardner yayi aiki a filin jirgin ruwa a Quincy, Massachusetts . [1] Daga 1969 zuwa 1995 Gardner ya kasance Mataimakin Mai Kula da Ƙananan Ayyuka a Gidan Tarihi na Mystic, Connecticut . Ya kasance editan fasaha na mujallar National Fisherman . An kira Gardner "Dean of American Small Craft" kuma mahaifin farfadowar jirgin ruwa na zamani.<ref name="maine">{{Cite web |date=30 March 2009 |title=Maine Boats |url=https://www.maineboats.com/print/issue-104/from-whence-we-came-104 |access-date=2014-06-29 |publisher=Maine Boats}}</ref> Ayyukansa a tarihin ruwa da kuma nazarin zane-zanen jirgin ruwa na gargajiya sun adana zane-zanensa da yawa daga rasawa. Gardner ya kuma shahara da ƙananan ƙirar jirgin ruwa waɗanda suka kasance na musamman ga wani gari ko yanki ta hanyar yin shirye-shirye da bayar da sharhi game da halayensu. Ya yi aiki ba tare da gajiyawa ba don nuna cewa ƙananan sana'o'i na gargajiya za a iya daidaita su da amfani da nishaɗi, yana farawa tsakanin ƙananan masu sha'awar jirgin ruwa wanda ke ci gaba a yau. Ƙungiyar Ƙananan Ayyuka ta gargajiya ta girmama shi ta hanyar Asusun John Gardner.<ref name="tcsa">{{Cite web |date=2010-01-27 |title=John Gardner Fund |url=http://www.tsca.net/JohnGardnerGrant.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160901091924/http://www.tsca.net/JohnGardnerGrant.html |archive-date=2016-09-01 |access-date=2014-06-29 |publisher=Tsca.net}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Gardner ya mutu a Marblehead, Massachusetts, a cikin 1995. == Littattafai == * 1970 ''Jiragen ruwa na katako don ginawa da amfani'' da Gidan Tarihi na Mystic (Janairu 1, 1970) {{ISBN|0913372781}} * 1977 Building Classic Small Craft (vol.1) International Marine/Ragged Mountain Press {{ISBN|007142797X}} * 1984 More Building Classic Small Craft, wanda shine sake fitowa na Building Classic Small craft (vol.2) ''Gina Classic Small Craft (vol.2) '' * 1987 ''Littafin Dory.'' Gidan kayan gargajiya na Mystic Seaport, Mystic Connecticut. {{ISBN|0-913372-44-7}} * 1993 Classic Small Craft Kuna iya Ginawa da Amfani da Gidan Tarihi na Mystic Seaport Inc (Yuli 1993) {{ISBN|0913372668}} * 1996 Building Classic Small Craft: Cikakken Shirye-shirye da Umurni don Gina Jiragen Ruwa 47. Ya haɗa da Building Classic Small Craft (vol.1) & More Building Classic Small craft. == Bayanan mutuwar == '''NY Times:''' John Gardner 90 Mai kula da jirgin ruwa a Gidan Tarihin Jirgin Ruwa na Mystic Ya mutu[https://www.nytimes.com/1995/10/19/nyregion/john-gardner-90-boat-curator-at-mystic-seaport-museum-dies.html John Gardner 90 Boat Curator a Mystic Seaport Museum ya mutu] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Matattun 1995]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1905]] lteyi3frpfpjzphvgd5lyeqbrwamon0 961846 961845 2026-10-02T10:45:06Z Muhdavdullahi 32668 961846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''John Gardner''' (1905-1995) an haife shi a Calais, Maine, Amurka; masanin tarihin ruwa ne, marubuci, mai shirya aiki, kuma mai tsarawa da kuma mai gina jiragen ruwa na katako. == Ilimi == Gardner ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Calais, Maine, a cikin aji na 1923; [1] ya yi karatu don zama malami a Machias Normal School, Maine; kuma ya sami digiri na biyu daga Kwaleji ta Malami a Jami'ar Columbia a 1932. == Ayyuka == A cikin shekarun 1930 Gardner ya yi aiki a matsayin mai shirya aiki ga Congress of Industrial Organizations . A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu Gardner ya tafi aiki wajen gina jiragen ruwa a cikin shagon jirgin ruwa na Marblehead <ref name="NYT-10-19-1995" /> kuma a lokacin yakin duniya da ya biyu Gardner yayi aiki a filin jirgin ruwa a Quincy, Massachusetts . [1] Daga 1969 zuwa 1995 Gardner ya kasance Mataimakin Mai Kula da Ƙananan Ayyuka a Gidan Tarihi na Mystic, Connecticut . Ya kasance editan fasaha na mujallar National Fisherman . An kira Gardner "Dean of American Small Craft" kuma mahaifin farfadowar jirgin ruwa na zamani.<ref name="maine">{{Cite web |date=30 March 2009 |title=Maine Boats |url=https://www.maineboats.com/print/issue-104/from-whence-we-came-104 |access-date=2014-06-29 |publisher=Maine Boats}}</ref> Ayyukansa a tarihin ruwa da kuma nazarin zane-zanen jirgin ruwa na gargajiya sun adana zane-zanensa da yawa daga rasawa. Gardner ya kuma shahara da ƙananan ƙirar jirgin ruwa waɗanda suka kasance na musamman ga wani gari ko yanki ta hanyar yin shirye-shirye da bayar da sharhi game da halayensu. Ya yi aiki ba tare da gajiyawa ba don nuna cewa ƙananan sana'o'i na gargajiya za a iya daidaita su da amfani da nishaɗi, yana farawa tsakanin ƙananan masu sha'awar jirgin ruwa wanda ke ci gaba a yau. Ƙungiyar Ƙananan Ayyuka ta gargajiya ta girmama shi ta hanyar Asusun John Gardner.<ref name="tcsa">{{Cite web |date=2010-01-27 |title=John Gardner Fund |url=http://www.tsca.net/JohnGardnerGrant.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160901091924/http://www.tsca.net/JohnGardnerGrant.html |archive-date=2016-09-01 |access-date=2014-06-29 |publisher=Tsca.net}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Gardner ya mutu a Marblehead, Massachusetts, a cikin 1995. == Littattafai == * 1970 ''Jiragen ruwa na katako don ginawa da amfani'' da Gidan Tarihi na Mystic (Janairu 1, 1970) {{ISBN|0913372781}} * 1977 Building Classic Small Craft (vol.1) International Marine/Ragged Mountain Press {{ISBN|007142797X}} * 1984 More Building Classic Small Craft, wanda shine sake fitowa na Building Classic Small craft (vol.2) ''Gina Classic Small Craft (vol.2) '' * 1987 ''Littafin Dory.'' Gidan kayan gargajiya na Mystic Seaport, Mystic Connecticut. {{ISBN|0-913372-44-7}} * 1993 Classic Small Craft Kuna iya Ginawa da Amfani da Gidan Tarihi na Mystic Seaport Inc (Yuli 1993) {{ISBN|0913372668}} * 1996 Building Classic Small Craft: Cikakken Shirye-shirye da Umurni don Gina Jiragen Ruwa 47. Ya haɗa da Building Classic Small Craft (vol.1) & More Building Classic Small craft. == Bayanan mutuwar == '''NY Times:''' John Gardner 90 Mai kula da jirgin ruwa a Gidan Tarihin Jirgin Ruwa na Mystic Ya mutu[https://www.nytimes.com/1995/10/19/nyregion/john-gardner-90-boat-curator-at-mystic-seaport-museum-dies.html John Gardner 90 Boat Curator a Mystic Seaport Museum ya mutu] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Matattun 1995]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1905]] 0wlvx8wtr8aytv8e1q13lrnv2xn7bwr 0 177858 961849 2026-10-02T10:58:02Z Waleederh 35578 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1260206823|Christian Gombe]]" 961849 wikitext text/x-wiki   Christian Gombe (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 1962) ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kwallon kwando|Kwando]] ne na Afirka ta Tsakiya . Ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1988 tare da Kungiyar kwallon kwando ta Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Christian Gombe |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/olympics/athletes/christian-gombe-1/ |access-date=July 12, 2020 |website=Basketball Reference}}</ref>{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] taz2yqlwb43jhllpwi8pgdyidlvhn0o 0 177859 961851 2026-10-02T11:19:20Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1323580591|History of conversion therapy]]" 961851 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarihin [[Magani na juyawa|maganin juyawa]] za a iya raba shi zuwa matakai uku: farkon lokacin [[Sigmund Freud|Freudian]] ; lokacin amincewa da jama'a, lokacin da cibiyar [[lafiyar kwakwalwa]] ta zama "babban mai kula da jima'i"; da kuma lokacin bayan Stonewall inda ƙwararrun likitoci suka ƙi maganin juyawa. <ref name="Yoshino">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Yoshino|2002}}</ref> A farkon ɓangaren tarihin nazarin halayyar ɗan adam, masu sharhi sun yarda cewa [[Jima'in jinsi|luwaɗi]] ba shi da [[Ilimin Cututtuka|alaƙa da cututtuka]] a wasu lokuta, kuma an tattauna batun ɗabi'a na ko ya kamata a canza shi. A shekarun 1920, masu sharhi sun ɗauka cewa luwaɗi abu ne mai illa ga lafiya kuma ƙoƙarin magance shi ya dace, kodayake ra'ayin nazarin tunanin ɗan adam game da canza luwaɗi ya kasance abin ƙyama. Waɗannan nau'ikan luwaɗi da ake ɗauka a matsayin ɓatanci galibi ana ɗaukar su a matsayin marasa magani. Kalaman masu sharhi game da luwaɗi sun samo asali ne daga fahimtar wahalar cimma sauyi. Tun daga shekarun 1930 zuwa yanzu, har zuwa shekaru ashirin, manyan canje-canje sun faru a yadda masu sharhi ke kallon luwaɗi, wanda ya haɗa da canji a cikin maganganun masu sharhi, waɗanda wasu daga cikinsu suka ji daɗin yin ba'a da cin zarafin marasa lafiyarsu 'yan luwaɗi. <ref name="Lewes">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lewes|1988}}</ref> == Turai == === Richard von Krafft-Ebing === [[File:Krafft-Ebing_Psychopathia_sexualis_1886.jpg|right|thumb| Bugun farko na littafin ''Psychopathia Sexualis'' (1886)]] Richard von Krafft-Ebing kwararren likitan tabin hankali ne dan kasar Jamus-Austria kuma daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa ilimin jima'i na kimiyya. Littafinsa mai tasiri a 1886 mai suna ''Psychopathia Sexualis'' ya haɗa da tattaunawa kan hanyoyin magance luwaɗi ta hanyar amfani da hypnosis . An fassara ''Psychopathia Sexualis'' sosai kuma yana da tasiri sosai wajen tallata tsarin luwaɗi a matsayin cuta. Krafft-Ebing ta ƙi yin danda a matsayin maganin luwaɗi, kuma ta yi adawa da tsare mutanen luwaɗi a gidajen yari sai dai idan an samu laifukan da suka shafi laifukan jima'i. Ya yi imani cewa luwaɗi na iya kasancewa a cikin jiki ko kuma a haife shi, kuma ba kasafai ake iya magance shi ta hanyar hana yin al'aura da kuma warkar da cututtukan jijiyoyi "da ke tasowa daga yanayin rashin tsafta na rayuwar jima'i," amma hypnosis shine "hanyar ceto kawai" a mafi yawan lokuta. Ya bayyana yanayi uku da ya yi imanin cewa hypnotism ya gamsar. <ref name=":3" /> Krafft-Ebing ta soki wasu ƙorafe-ƙorafe da dama da ake yi kan maganin luwaɗi, tana mai cewa hakan na iya yin tasiri. A ganinsa, likitoci suna da alhakin bayar da magani idan an buƙata, kuma ƙin magani zai ba "mutane masu lahani damar yaɗa ɓarnarsu." [1] Bugun da aka buga daga baya na Psychopathia Sexualis ya haɗa da ƙaruwar tarihin rayuwar mutane 'yan luwaɗi waɗanda suka bayyana a fili cewa ba sa son canza yanayin jima'insu. [2] === Eugen Steinach === Eugen Steinach (1861–1944) ƙwararren masanin kimiyyar halittar jiki [[Vienna|ne na Vienna]] kuma ƙwararren masanin ilimin halittar jiki (endocrinology) . Steinach ya yi hasashen cewa [[testosterone]] ne ke da alhakin tantance jima'i, kuma ya dasa ƙwai a cikin mazan 'yan luwaɗi don ƙoƙarin canza yanayin jima'insu. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|LeVay|1996}}</ref> Sigmund Freud ya yi gargaɗin cewa hanyoyin dashen Steinach ba lallai ba ne su ba da damar yin amfani da maganin gabaɗaya, domin irin waɗannan hanyoyin za su iya yin tasiri ne kawai wajen canza luwaɗin maza a lokutan da yake da alaƙa da halayen jiki na mata, kuma babu wani magani makamancin haka da za a iya amfani da shi ga madigo. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Freud|1991}}</ref> Steinach ya ce bincikensa ya "ba da haske sosai kan abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin jituwa tsakanin namiji da mace", amma tsarin aikin nasa ya gaza saboda tsarin garkuwar jiki yana ƙin glandar da aka dasa, kuma daga ƙarshe an yi watsi da shi a matsayin wanda ba shi da tasiri kuma sau da yawa yana da illa. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|LeVay|1996}}</ref> === Sigmund Freud === [[File:Sigmund_Freud,_by_Max_Halberstadt_(cropped).jpg|thumb| Freud (1856–1939) ya yi shakkar yiwuwar yin maganin gargajiya.]] [[Sigmund Freud]] kwararren likitan kwakwalwa ne dan kasar Austria kuma wanda ya kafa nazarin halayyar dan adam . Freud ya yi iƙirarin cewa wani lokacin ana iya kawar da luwaɗi ta hanyar amfani da tunanin hypnotic. <ref name="SigmundFreudOnSexuality">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Freud|1991}}</ref> A cikin takardarsa ta 1920 mai suna "The Psychogenesis of a Case of Homosexuality in a Woman", Freud ya bayyana wata matashiyar 'yar [[Maɗigo|madigo]] wadda ta shiga aikin likitanci saboda iyayenta suna son a canza yanayin. A ra'ayinsa, sauyi ba zai yiwu ba saboda yanayin da ta shiga aikin likitanci, kuma saboda luwaɗi ba rashin lafiya ko rikicin jijiyoyi ba ne. Freud ya rubuta cewa canza luwaɗi yana yiwuwa ne kawai a cikin yanayi mai kyau, yana mai lura da cewa "mai da cikakken ɗan luwaɗi zuwa namiji mai son jima'i ba ya bayar da damar samun nasara fiye da akasin haka". <ref name="SigmundFreudCaseHistoriesIIP376">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Freud|1991}}</ref> Nasarar da Freud ya samu na nufin sanya jin daɗin jinsi ɗaya ya yiwu, ba kawar da jin daɗin jinsi ɗaya ba. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Freud|1991}}</ref> Freud ya gano cewa 'yan luwaɗi ba kasafai suke yarda cewa jima'i tsakanin maza da mata zai samar musu da irin jin daɗin da suka samu daga jima'i tsakanin maza da mata ba. Marasa lafiya galibi suna son zama masu sha'awar jinsi ɗaya ne kawai don guje wa rashin amincewa da zamantakewa, wanda Freud ya ɗauka a matsayin wani abu da ba shi da tushe kuma bai isa ba don kawo sauyi. Ya ce, wasu ba za su iya zama masu son zama 'yan luwaɗi ba, suna neman magani ne kawai don su shawo kan kansu cewa sun yi duk mai yiwuwa don canzawa, wanda hakan ya bar su 'yancin komawa ga luwaɗi bayan gazawar da suka yi tsammani. <ref name="OconnorandRyan">{{Harvard citation no brackets|O'Connor|Ryan|1993}}</ref> <ref name="SigmundFreudCaseHistoriesII">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Freud|1991}}</ref> <ref name="LewesP34">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lewes|1988}}</ref> A shekarar 1935, wata uwa ta nemi Freud ya yi wa ɗanta magani. Freud ya amsa a cikin wata wasiƙa da daga baya ta shahara: <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lewes|1988}}</ref> == Manazarta == 9y7o4h5o926xq3bx8ejne4xkzvxsd3w 961852 961851 2026-10-02T11:19:42Z Sardeeq 39275 961852 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tarihin [[Magani na juyawa|maganin juyawa]] za a iya raba shi zuwa matakai uku: farkon lokacin [[Sigmund Freud|Freudian]] ; lokacin amincewa da jama'a, lokacin da cibiyar [[lafiyar kwakwalwa]] ta zama "babban mai kula da jima'i"; da kuma lokacin bayan Stonewall inda ƙwararrun likitoci suka ƙi maganin juyawa. <ref name="Yoshino">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Yoshino|2002}}</ref> A farkon ɓangaren tarihin nazarin halayyar ɗan adam, masu sharhi sun yarda cewa [[Jima'in jinsi|luwaɗi]] ba shi da [[Ilimin Cututtuka|alaƙa da cututtuka]] a wasu lokuta, kuma an tattauna batun ɗabi'a na ko ya kamata a canza shi. A shekarun 1920, masu sharhi sun ɗauka cewa luwaɗi abu ne mai illa ga lafiya kuma ƙoƙarin magance shi ya dace, kodayake ra'ayin nazarin tunanin ɗan adam game da canza luwaɗi ya kasance abin ƙyama. Waɗannan nau'ikan luwaɗi da ake ɗauka a matsayin ɓatanci galibi ana ɗaukar su a matsayin marasa magani. Kalaman masu sharhi game da luwaɗi sun samo asali ne daga fahimtar wahalar cimma sauyi. Tun daga shekarun 1930 zuwa yanzu, har zuwa shekaru ashirin, manyan canje-canje sun faru a yadda masu sharhi ke kallon luwaɗi, wanda ya haɗa da canji a cikin maganganun masu sharhi, waɗanda wasu daga cikinsu suka ji daɗin yin ba'a da cin zarafin marasa lafiyarsu 'yan luwaɗi. <ref name="Lewes">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lewes|1988}}</ref> == Turai == === Richard von Krafft-Ebing === [[File:Krafft-Ebing_Psychopathia_sexualis_1886.jpg|right|thumb| Bugun farko na littafin ''Psychopathia Sexualis'' (1886)]] Richard von Krafft-Ebing kwararren likitan tabin hankali ne dan kasar Jamus-Austria kuma daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa ilimin jima'i na kimiyya. Littafinsa mai tasiri a 1886 mai suna ''Psychopathia Sexualis'' ya haɗa da tattaunawa kan hanyoyin magance luwaɗi ta hanyar amfani da hypnosis . An fassara ''Psychopathia Sexualis'' sosai kuma yana da tasiri sosai wajen tallata tsarin luwaɗi a matsayin cuta. Krafft-Ebing ta ƙi yin danda a matsayin maganin luwaɗi, kuma ta yi adawa da tsare mutanen luwaɗi a gidajen yari sai dai idan an samu laifukan da suka shafi laifukan jima'i. Ya yi imani cewa luwaɗi na iya kasancewa a cikin jiki ko kuma a haife shi, kuma ba kasafai ake iya magance shi ta hanyar hana yin al'aura da kuma warkar da cututtukan jijiyoyi "da ke tasowa daga yanayin rashin tsafta na rayuwar jima'i," amma hypnosis shine "hanyar ceto kawai" a mafi yawan lokuta. Ya bayyana yanayi uku da ya yi imanin cewa hypnotism ya gamsar. <ref name=":3" /> Krafft-Ebing ta soki wasu ƙorafe-ƙorafe da dama da ake yi kan maganin luwaɗi, tana mai cewa hakan na iya yin tasiri. A ganinsa, likitoci suna da alhakin bayar da magani idan an buƙata, kuma ƙin magani zai ba "mutane masu lahani damar yaɗa ɓarnarsu." [1] Bugun da aka buga daga baya na Psychopathia Sexualis ya haɗa da ƙaruwar tarihin rayuwar mutane 'yan luwaɗi waɗanda suka bayyana a fili cewa ba sa son canza yanayin jima'insu. [2] === Eugen Steinach === Eugen Steinach (1861–1944) ƙwararren masanin kimiyyar halittar jiki [[Vienna|ne na Vienna]] kuma ƙwararren masanin ilimin halittar jiki (endocrinology) . Steinach ya yi hasashen cewa [[testosterone]] ne ke da alhakin tantance jima'i, kuma ya dasa ƙwai a cikin mazan 'yan luwaɗi don ƙoƙarin canza yanayin jima'insu. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|LeVay|1996}}</ref> Sigmund Freud ya yi gargaɗin cewa hanyoyin dashen Steinach ba lallai ba ne su ba da damar yin amfani da maganin gabaɗaya, domin irin waɗannan hanyoyin za su iya yin tasiri ne kawai wajen canza luwaɗin maza a lokutan da yake da alaƙa da halayen jiki na mata, kuma babu wani magani makamancin haka da za a iya amfani da shi ga madigo. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Freud|1991}}</ref> Steinach ya ce bincikensa ya "ba da haske sosai kan abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin jituwa tsakanin namiji da mace", amma tsarin aikin nasa ya gaza saboda tsarin garkuwar jiki yana ƙin glandar da aka dasa, kuma daga ƙarshe an yi watsi da shi a matsayin wanda ba shi da tasiri kuma sau da yawa yana da illa. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|LeVay|1996}}</ref> === Sigmund Freud === [[File:Sigmund_Freud,_by_Max_Halberstadt_(cropped).jpg|thumb| Freud (1856–1939) ya yi shakkar yiwuwar yin maganin gargajiya.]] [[Sigmund Freud]] kwararren likitan kwakwalwa ne dan kasar Austria kuma wanda ya kafa nazarin halayyar dan adam . Freud ya yi iƙirarin cewa wani lokacin ana iya kawar da luwaɗi ta hanyar amfani da tunanin hypnotic. <ref name="SigmundFreudOnSexuality">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Freud|1991}}</ref> A cikin takardarsa ta 1920 mai suna "The Psychogenesis of a Case of Homosexuality in a Woman", Freud ya bayyana wata matashiyar 'yar [[Maɗigo|madigo]] wadda ta shiga aikin likitanci saboda iyayenta suna son a canza yanayin. A ra'ayinsa, sauyi ba zai yiwu ba saboda yanayin da ta shiga aikin likitanci, kuma saboda luwaɗi ba rashin lafiya ko rikicin jijiyoyi ba ne. Freud ya rubuta cewa canza luwaɗi yana yiwuwa ne kawai a cikin yanayi mai kyau, yana mai lura da cewa "mai da cikakken ɗan luwaɗi zuwa namiji mai son jima'i ba ya bayar da damar samun nasara fiye da akasin haka". <ref name="SigmundFreudCaseHistoriesIIP376">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Freud|1991}}</ref> Nasarar da Freud ya samu na nufin sanya jin daɗin jinsi ɗaya ya yiwu, ba kawar da jin daɗin jinsi ɗaya ba. <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Freud|1991}}</ref> Freud ya gano cewa 'yan luwaɗi ba kasafai suke yarda cewa jima'i tsakanin maza da mata zai samar musu da irin jin daɗin da suka samu daga jima'i tsakanin maza da mata ba. Marasa lafiya galibi suna son zama masu sha'awar jinsi ɗaya ne kawai don guje wa rashin amincewa da zamantakewa, wanda Freud ya ɗauka a matsayin wani abu da ba shi da tushe kuma bai isa ba don kawo sauyi. Ya ce, wasu ba za su iya zama masu son zama 'yan luwaɗi ba, suna neman magani ne kawai don su shawo kan kansu cewa sun yi duk mai yiwuwa don canzawa, wanda hakan ya bar su 'yancin komawa ga luwaɗi bayan gazawar da suka yi tsammani. <ref name="OconnorandRyan">{{Harvard citation no brackets|O'Connor|Ryan|1993}}</ref> <ref name="SigmundFreudCaseHistoriesII">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Freud|1991}}</ref> <ref name="LewesP34">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lewes|1988}}</ref> A shekarar 1935, wata uwa ta nemi Freud ya yi wa ɗanta magani. Freud ya amsa a cikin wata wasiƙa da daga baya ta shahara: <ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lewes|1988}}</ref> == Manazarta == 30emsjjs0n2hpt4eplw2x46h562rmuu 0 177860 961853 2026-10-02T11:22:01Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372017245|Karen Horney]]" 961853 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karen Horney''' ( /ˈh ɔːr n aɪ / ; {{IPA|de|ˈhɔʁnaɪ|lang}} ; née Danielsen ; 16 Satumba 1885 - 4 Disamba 1952) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ce ta Jamus wacce ta yi aiki a Amurka a lokacin aikinta na baya. Ka'idojinta sun yi tambaya game da wasu ra'ayoyin [[Sigmund Freud|Freudian]] na gargajiya, musamman a cikin ka'idojin jima'i da kuma yanayin da ake bi wajen nazarin halayyar ɗan adam. An kuma yaba wa Horney da kafa ilimin halayyar mata don mayar da martani ga ka'idar Freud game da hassada azzakari . Ta yi rashin jituwa da Freud game da bambance-bambancen da ke cikin ilimin halayyar maza da mata, kuma kamar Alfred Adler, ta gano irin waɗannan bambance-bambancen ga al'umma da al'adu maimakon ilimin halittu. == Tsarin nazari == Waɗanda ke cikin ''Makarantar Tunani ta Al'adu'' sun haɗa da Horney, Erich Fromm, Harry Stack Sullivan, da Clara Thompson . <ref name="Paris">{{Cite book|last3=}}</ref> Sau da yawa ana rarraba Horney a matsayin neo-Freudian amma kuma ana iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin neo-Adlerian (Ansbacher, 1979), kodayake ana jayayya cewa Horney ko Adler ba su yi tasiri kai tsaye ga juna ba (Mosak, 1989). <ref name="Oberstew">{{Cite book|last3=}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Horney Karen Danielsen a ranar 16 ga Satumba 1885 a Blankenese, Jamus, kusa da [[Hamburg]] . Mahaifinta, Berndt Wackels Danielsen (1836–1910), ɗan ƙasar Norway ne amma yana da ɗan ƙasar Jamus. Kyaftin ne na jirgin ruwa a cikin jirgin ruwan 'yan kasuwa, kuma mai bin addinin gargajiya na Furotesta ('ya'yansa sun yi masa lakabi da "mai jefa Littafi Mai Tsarki", kamar yadda ya yi jifa da Littafi Mai Tsarki). <ref name="cg_boeree">{{Cite web |last=Boeree, Dr. C. George |title=Karen Horney |url=https://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/horney.html |access-date=17 February 2016}}</ref> Mahaifiyarta, Clotilde, wacce aka fi sani da van Ronzelen (1853–1911), wacce aka fi sani da "Sonni", ita ma 'yar Furotesta ce, 'yar asalin ƙasar Holland. An ce ta fi Berndt bude ido, amma duk da haka ta kasance "mai baƙin ciki, mai fushi, kuma mai iko da Karen". Babban ɗan'uwan Karen shi ma ana kiransa Berndt, kuma Karen ta kula da shi sosai. Tana da 'yan'uwa maza huɗu daga auren mahaifinta na baya. Duk da haka, babu wata hulɗa tsakanin 'ya'yan auren mahaifinta guda biyu. Horney ya rubuta tarihin rayuwarsa tun yana ɗan shekara goma sha uku. Waɗannan mujallu sun nuna kwarin gwiwar Horney game da hanyarta ta gaba. Ta yi tunanin zama likita, duk da cewa a wancan lokacin, ba a ba wa mata damar halartar jami'o'i ba. <ref>Eckardt, M.H.(2006) Karen Horney: a portrait. The American Journal of Psychoanalysis, 2, 105. {{Doi|10.1007/s11231-006-9008-4}}</ref> A cewar littafin Horney na samartaka, mahaifinta "mutumin da ba shi da tausayin ɗabi'a," wanda kuma ya fi girmama ɗansa Berndt fiye da Karen. Maimakon ta ji haushi ko kuma ta ji haushin yadda Karen ta fahimci shi, mahaifinta ya kawo mata kyaututtuka daga ƙasashe masu nisa. Duk da haka, Karen ta kan ji kamar ba ta da ƙaunar mahaifinta, maimakon haka ta fara sha'awar mahaifiyarta. {{Refn|This is to a large extent due to the fact that her father was hardly ever present. The ship of which he was a captain went back and forth to South America. A son and a daughter from the captain's first marriage died in Chile and Bolivia respectively.}} Tun daga kusan shekara tara, Karen ta fara son zama mai burin zama ɗan tawaye. Sabanin yadda wasu ke kallonta, ta ji ba za ta iya zama kyakkyawa ba, sai ta yanke shawarar saka kuzarinta a cikin halayenta na ilimi. A wannan lokacin ta fara son babban ɗan'uwanta, wanda ya ji kunyar kulawarta—nan da nan ya ture ta. Ta sha wahala ta farko daga cikin lokutan da ta sha wahala da yawa—matsalar da za ta dame ta har tsawon rayuwarta. A shekara ta 1904, lokacin da Karen take da shekaru 19, mahaifiyarta ta bar mahaifinta (ba tare da ta sake shi ba), ta tafi da yaran tare da ita. == Ilimi == Mahaifiyar Horney da ɗan'uwanta sun ƙarfafa mata gwiwa a fannin ilimi da aiki; ta kammala makarantar motsa jiki ta Realgymnasium a Hamburg [1] sannan ta shiga makarantar likitanci a shekarar 1906 [2] a Jami'ar Freiburg, ɗaya daga cikin cibiyoyi na farko a Jamus da suka yi rijistar mata a darussan likitanci. A shekarar 1900 ne kawai mata suka sami damar samun ilimi mai zurfi a Jamus. A shekarar 1908, Horney ya koma Jami'ar Göttingen, sannan ya koma Jami'ar Berlin kafin ya kammala karatunsa da digirin MD a shekarar 1911. [1] Ta hanyar abokin karatunta Carl Müller-Braunschweig—wanda daga baya ya zama masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam—ta haɗu da ɗalibar kasuwanci Oskar Horney. Sun yi aure a shekarar 1909. <ref name="cg_boeree" /> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2018-03-28 |title=About Karen Horney, MD {{!}} American Journal of Psychoanalysis |url=https://amjpa.org/aap/about-karen-horney/ |access-date=2025-11-14 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ma'auratan sun ƙaura zuwa Berlin tare, inda Oskar ke aiki a masana'antu yayin da Karen ta ci gaba da karatunta a Charité . A wannan shekarar, Karen ta haifi ɗanta na fari kuma ta rasa iyayenta biyu. Ta shiga nazarin halayyar ɗan adam (psychoanalysis) don taimaka wa kanta ta jure wa wannan yanayi. Horney ta kammala aikin jinya na tsawon sa'o'i 500 tare da mai sharhi na farko, Karl Abraham, <ref name=":0" /> a shekarar 1910, sannan ta koma Hanns Sachs . Daga 1923 zuwa 1935, Horney ta buga manyan takardu goma sha uku da suka dogara da ilimin halayyar mata, inda ta haɓaka ra'ayin kishin azzakari na biyu; ta jaddada yadda iyayensu ke yi wa ƙananan yara mata mu'amala fiye da yadda Freud ya mayar da hankali kan uba kawai. Ta ba da shawarar cewa mata suna jin ƙasa saboda raguwar darajar mace a cikin al'umma, gami da dangantakar uwa da 'ya mace, maimakon sha'awar halitta kawai. Bayan ya koma New York a shekarar 1934, Horney ya ci gaba da rubutu, yana koyar da darussan dabaru, yana kula da abokan ciniki a sirri, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin likitan tabin hankali na Ƙungiyar Taimakon Yahudawa ta United Jewish. Baya ga littattafanta, Horney ta kuma shirya taron karawa juna sani don yada ra'ayin cewa yanayin ɗan adam yana da ikon canzawa, wanda ke samun goyon bayan ɗabi'u da ƙarfin gini. <ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == * {{Cite journal |last=Paris |first=Bernard J. |date=1973 |title=Notes from Underground: A Horneyan Analysis |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/461530 |journal=PMLA |volume=88 |issue=3 |pages=511–522 |doi=10.2307/461530 |jstor=461530 |s2cid=163467535 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2022-10-30}} * {{Cite journal |last=Walstedt |first=Joyce Jennings |date=1976 |title=Beyond Freud: Towards a New Psychotherapy for Women |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3346162 |journal=Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.2307/3346162 |jstor=3346162 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2022-10-30}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jsvzg847jflwfhms1s8wo8wfl47ur6d 961854 961853 2026-10-02T11:22:18Z Sardeeq 39275 961854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Karen Horney''' ( /ˈh ɔːr n aɪ / ; {{IPA|de|ˈhɔʁnaɪ|lang}} ; née Danielsen ; 16 Satumba 1885 - 4 Disamba 1952) ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ce ta Jamus wacce ta yi aiki a Amurka a lokacin aikinta na baya. Ka'idojinta sun yi tambaya game da wasu ra'ayoyin [[Sigmund Freud|Freudian]] na gargajiya, musamman a cikin ka'idojin jima'i da kuma yanayin da ake bi wajen nazarin halayyar ɗan adam. An kuma yaba wa Horney da kafa ilimin halayyar mata don mayar da martani ga ka'idar Freud game da hassada azzakari . Ta yi rashin jituwa da Freud game da bambance-bambancen da ke cikin ilimin halayyar maza da mata, kuma kamar Alfred Adler, ta gano irin waɗannan bambance-bambancen ga al'umma da al'adu maimakon ilimin halittu. == Tsarin nazari == Waɗanda ke cikin ''Makarantar Tunani ta Al'adu'' sun haɗa da Horney, Erich Fromm, Harry Stack Sullivan, da Clara Thompson . <ref name="Paris">{{Cite book|last3=}}</ref> Sau da yawa ana rarraba Horney a matsayin neo-Freudian amma kuma ana iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin neo-Adlerian (Ansbacher, 1979), kodayake ana jayayya cewa Horney ko Adler ba su yi tasiri kai tsaye ga juna ba (Mosak, 1989). <ref name="Oberstew">{{Cite book|last3=}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Horney Karen Danielsen a ranar 16 ga Satumba 1885 a Blankenese, Jamus, kusa da [[Hamburg]] . Mahaifinta, Berndt Wackels Danielsen (1836–1910), ɗan ƙasar Norway ne amma yana da ɗan ƙasar Jamus. Kyaftin ne na jirgin ruwa a cikin jirgin ruwan 'yan kasuwa, kuma mai bin addinin gargajiya na Furotesta ('ya'yansa sun yi masa lakabi da "mai jefa Littafi Mai Tsarki", kamar yadda ya yi jifa da Littafi Mai Tsarki). <ref name="cg_boeree">{{Cite web |last=Boeree, Dr. C. George |title=Karen Horney |url=https://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/horney.html |access-date=17 February 2016}}</ref> Mahaifiyarta, Clotilde, wacce aka fi sani da van Ronzelen (1853–1911), wacce aka fi sani da "Sonni", ita ma 'yar Furotesta ce, 'yar asalin ƙasar Holland. An ce ta fi Berndt bude ido, amma duk da haka ta kasance "mai baƙin ciki, mai fushi, kuma mai iko da Karen". Babban ɗan'uwan Karen shi ma ana kiransa Berndt, kuma Karen ta kula da shi sosai. Tana da 'yan'uwa maza huɗu daga auren mahaifinta na baya. Duk da haka, babu wata hulɗa tsakanin 'ya'yan auren mahaifinta guda biyu. Horney ya rubuta tarihin rayuwarsa tun yana ɗan shekara goma sha uku. Waɗannan mujallu sun nuna kwarin gwiwar Horney game da hanyarta ta gaba. Ta yi tunanin zama likita, duk da cewa a wancan lokacin, ba a ba wa mata damar halartar jami'o'i ba. <ref>Eckardt, M.H.(2006) Karen Horney: a portrait. The American Journal of Psychoanalysis, 2, 105. {{Doi|10.1007/s11231-006-9008-4}}</ref> A cewar littafin Horney na samartaka, mahaifinta "mutumin da ba shi da tausayin ɗabi'a," wanda kuma ya fi girmama ɗansa Berndt fiye da Karen. Maimakon ta ji haushi ko kuma ta ji haushin yadda Karen ta fahimci shi, mahaifinta ya kawo mata kyaututtuka daga ƙasashe masu nisa. Duk da haka, Karen ta kan ji kamar ba ta da ƙaunar mahaifinta, maimakon haka ta fara sha'awar mahaifiyarta. {{Refn|This is to a large extent due to the fact that her father was hardly ever present. The ship of which he was a captain went back and forth to South America. A son and a daughter from the captain's first marriage died in Chile and Bolivia respectively.}} Tun daga kusan shekara tara, Karen ta fara son zama mai burin zama ɗan tawaye. Sabanin yadda wasu ke kallonta, ta ji ba za ta iya zama kyakkyawa ba, sai ta yanke shawarar saka kuzarinta a cikin halayenta na ilimi. A wannan lokacin ta fara son babban ɗan'uwanta, wanda ya ji kunyar kulawarta—nan da nan ya ture ta. Ta sha wahala ta farko daga cikin lokutan da ta sha wahala da yawa—matsalar da za ta dame ta har tsawon rayuwarta. A shekara ta 1904, lokacin da Karen take da shekaru 19, mahaifiyarta ta bar mahaifinta (ba tare da ta sake shi ba), ta tafi da yaran tare da ita. == Ilimi == Mahaifiyar Horney da ɗan'uwanta sun ƙarfafa mata gwiwa a fannin ilimi da aiki; ta kammala makarantar motsa jiki ta Realgymnasium a Hamburg [1] sannan ta shiga makarantar likitanci a shekarar 1906 [2] a Jami'ar Freiburg, ɗaya daga cikin cibiyoyi na farko a Jamus da suka yi rijistar mata a darussan likitanci. A shekarar 1900 ne kawai mata suka sami damar samun ilimi mai zurfi a Jamus. A shekarar 1908, Horney ya koma Jami'ar Göttingen, sannan ya koma Jami'ar Berlin kafin ya kammala karatunsa da digirin MD a shekarar 1911. [1] Ta hanyar abokin karatunta Carl Müller-Braunschweig—wanda daga baya ya zama masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam—ta haɗu da ɗalibar kasuwanci Oskar Horney. Sun yi aure a shekarar 1909. <ref name="cg_boeree" /> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2018-03-28 |title=About Karen Horney, MD {{!}} American Journal of Psychoanalysis |url=https://amjpa.org/aap/about-karen-horney/ |access-date=2025-11-14 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ma'auratan sun ƙaura zuwa Berlin tare, inda Oskar ke aiki a masana'antu yayin da Karen ta ci gaba da karatunta a Charité . A wannan shekarar, Karen ta haifi ɗanta na fari kuma ta rasa iyayenta biyu. Ta shiga nazarin halayyar ɗan adam (psychoanalysis) don taimaka wa kanta ta jure wa wannan yanayi. Horney ta kammala aikin jinya na tsawon sa'o'i 500 tare da mai sharhi na farko, Karl Abraham, <ref name=":0" /> a shekarar 1910, sannan ta koma Hanns Sachs . Daga 1923 zuwa 1935, Horney ta buga manyan takardu goma sha uku da suka dogara da ilimin halayyar mata, inda ta haɓaka ra'ayin kishin azzakari na biyu; ta jaddada yadda iyayensu ke yi wa ƙananan yara mata mu'amala fiye da yadda Freud ya mayar da hankali kan uba kawai. Ta ba da shawarar cewa mata suna jin ƙasa saboda raguwar darajar mace a cikin al'umma, gami da dangantakar uwa da 'ya mace, maimakon sha'awar halitta kawai. Bayan ya koma New York a shekarar 1934, Horney ya ci gaba da rubutu, yana koyar da darussan dabaru, yana kula da abokan ciniki a sirri, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin likitan tabin hankali na Ƙungiyar Taimakon Yahudawa ta United Jewish. Baya ga littattafanta, Horney ta kuma shirya taron karawa juna sani don yada ra'ayin cewa yanayin ɗan adam yana da ikon canzawa, wanda ke samun goyon bayan ɗabi'u da ƙarfin gini. <ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == * {{Cite journal |last=Paris |first=Bernard J. |date=1973 |title=Notes from Underground: A Horneyan Analysis |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/461530 |journal=PMLA |volume=88 |issue=3 |pages=511–522 |doi=10.2307/461530 |jstor=461530 |s2cid=163467535 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2022-10-30}} * {{Cite journal |last=Walstedt |first=Joyce Jennings |date=1976 |title=Beyond Freud: Towards a New Psychotherapy for Women |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3346162 |journal=Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.2307/3346162 |jstor=3346162 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2022-10-30}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1tqiblfpgx0aof2doi0679qjh9yn17p 0 177861 961855 2026-10-02T11:24:03Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1146538201|Gustav Huguenin]]" 961855 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gustav Huguenin''' (17 ga Yuli 1840 - 6 ga Fabrairu 1920) ƙwararren likitan ciki ne kuma [[Ilimin Cututtuka|masanin cututtuka]] ɗan ƙasar Switzerland wanda ɗan asalin Krauchthal ne. == Tarihin Rayuwa == Ya yi karatun likitanci a Jami'o'in Zürich, Prague, Vienna da [[Berlin]], inda ya sami digirin digirgir na likitanci a shekarar 1864. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi, yana da malamai a matsayin masu koyarwa: likitan jijiyoyi Wilhelm Griesinger (1817-1868), likitan fiɗa Theodor Billroth (1829-1894) da kuma likitan ciki Michael Anton Biermer (1827-1892). A cikin 1873 ya gaji Bernhard von Gudden (1824-1886) a matsayin darektan Asibitin Hauka na Burghölzli . [1] Daga shekarar 1874 ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan asibitin likitanci da ke Zurich, inda ya yi murabus a shekarar 1883 saboda dalilan lafiya. Bayan haka, ya yi aikin likitanci a Zürich da Weissenburg. Huguenin ya ƙware a binciken cututtukan kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi . Ya ba da gudummawar magunguna akan [[Cutar ƙwaƙwalwa|encephalitis]], [[Sanƙarau|meningitis]], et al. zuwa Hugo von Ziemssen 's ''Handbuch der Speciellen Pathologie und Therapie'' . Sauran rubuce-rubucen nasa sun haɗa da: * ''Allgemeine Pathologie der Krankheiten des Nervensystems'', 1873 - Babban ilimin cututtuka na cututtuka na tsarin juyayi. * ''Oedem des Hirns, Hydrocephalus'', 1878 - Edema na kwakwalwa, Hydrocephalus . * ''Anatomie Des Centers Nerveux'', 1879 - Anatomy na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya * ''L'eau thermale de Weissenbourg en Suisse (Oberland bernois)'', 1893 - Ruwan zafi na Weissenbourg, Switzerland ( Bernese Oberland ). * '''Buga game da Dokta Huguenin:''' * "Der Internist Gustav Huguenin (1840-1920)" na Heinz Lätsch, Juris Druck & Verlag, (1991),{{ISBN|3-260-05285-2}} (3-260-05285-2). == Manazarta == n6g8ria3ppks83tskga7f838q8vzaan 961856 961855 2026-10-02T11:25:03Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1146538201|Gustav Huguenin]]" 961856 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gustav Huguenin''' (17 ga Yuli 1840 - 6 ga Fabrairu 1920) ƙwararren likitan ciki ne kuma [[Ilimin Cututtuka|masanin cututtuka]] ɗan ƙasar Switzerland wanda ɗan asalin Krauchthal ne.<ref>Answers.com Burghölzli Asylum</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == Ya yi karatun likitanci a Jami'o'in Zürich, Prague, Vienna da [[Berlin]], inda ya sami digirin digirgir na likitanci a shekarar 1864. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi, yana da malamai a matsayin masu koyarwa: likitan jijiyoyi Wilhelm Griesinger (1817-1868), likitan fiɗa Theodor Billroth (1829-1894) da kuma likitan ciki Michael Anton Biermer (1827-1892). A cikin 1873 ya gaji Bernhard von Gudden (1824-1886) a matsayin darektan Asibitin Hauka na Burghölzli . [1] Daga shekarar 1874 ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan asibitin likitanci da ke Zurich, inda ya yi murabus a shekarar 1883 saboda dalilan lafiya. Bayan haka, ya yi aikin likitanci a Zürich da Weissenburg. Huguenin ya ƙware a binciken cututtukan kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi . Ya ba da gudummawar magunguna akan [[Cutar ƙwaƙwalwa|encephalitis]], [[Sanƙarau|meningitis]], et al. zuwa Hugo von Ziemssen 's ''Handbuch der Speciellen Pathologie und Therapie'' . Sauran rubuce-rubucen nasa sun haɗa da: * ''Allgemeine Pathologie der Krankheiten des Nervensystems'', 1873 - Babban ilimin cututtuka na cututtuka na tsarin juyayi. * ''Oedem des Hirns, Hydrocephalus'', 1878 - Edema na kwakwalwa, Hydrocephalus . * ''Anatomie Des Centers Nerveux'', 1879 - Anatomy na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya * ''L'eau thermale de Weissenbourg en Suisse (Oberland bernois)'', 1893 - Ruwan zafi na Weissenbourg, Switzerland ( Bernese Oberland ). * '''Buga game da Dokta Huguenin:''' * "Der Internist Gustav Huguenin (1840-1920)" na Heinz Lätsch, Juris Druck & Verlag, (1991),{{ISBN|3-260-05285-2}} (3-260-05285-2). == Manazarta == btax065jm8qu4gbnj0xsjm92tjoi6vt 961857 961856 2026-10-02T11:25:17Z Sardeeq 39275 961857 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gustav Huguenin''' (17 ga Yuli 1840 - 6 ga Fabrairu 1920) ƙwararren likitan ciki ne kuma [[Ilimin Cututtuka|masanin cututtuka]] ɗan ƙasar Switzerland wanda ɗan asalin Krauchthal ne.<ref>Answers.com Burghölzli Asylum</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == Ya yi karatun likitanci a Jami'o'in Zürich, Prague, Vienna da [[Berlin]], inda ya sami digirin digirgir na likitanci a shekarar 1864. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi, yana da malamai a matsayin masu koyarwa: likitan jijiyoyi Wilhelm Griesinger (1817-1868), likitan fiɗa Theodor Billroth (1829-1894) da kuma likitan ciki Michael Anton Biermer (1827-1892). A cikin 1873 ya gaji Bernhard von Gudden (1824-1886) a matsayin darektan Asibitin Hauka na Burghölzli . [1] Daga shekarar 1874 ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan asibitin likitanci da ke Zurich, inda ya yi murabus a shekarar 1883 saboda dalilan lafiya. Bayan haka, ya yi aikin likitanci a Zürich da Weissenburg. Huguenin ya ƙware a binciken cututtukan kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi . Ya ba da gudummawar magunguna akan [[Cutar ƙwaƙwalwa|encephalitis]], [[Sanƙarau|meningitis]], et al. zuwa Hugo von Ziemssen 's ''Handbuch der Speciellen Pathologie und Therapie'' . Sauran rubuce-rubucen nasa sun haɗa da: * ''Allgemeine Pathologie der Krankheiten des Nervensystems'', 1873 - Babban ilimin cututtuka na cututtuka na tsarin juyayi. * ''Oedem des Hirns, Hydrocephalus'', 1878 - Edema na kwakwalwa, Hydrocephalus . * ''Anatomie Des Centers Nerveux'', 1879 - Anatomy na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya * ''L'eau thermale de Weissenbourg en Suisse (Oberland bernois)'', 1893 - Ruwan zafi na Weissenbourg, Switzerland ( Bernese Oberland ). * '''Buga game da Dokta Huguenin:''' * "Der Internist Gustav Huguenin (1840-1920)" na Heinz Lätsch, Juris Druck & Verlag, (1991),{{ISBN|3-260-05285-2}} (3-260-05285-2). == Manazarta == q39m8mnd77j8z6fqiqdbc8a9qtlpzru 0 177862 961858 2026-10-02T11:28:19Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363933552|Human sterilization in Switzerland]]" 961858 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yin tiyatar hana ɗan adam a Switzerland''' yana nufin ayyukan da suka faru a [[Switzerland]] tun daga farkon ƙarni na 20 zuwa yanzu na tarihi da na zamani na yin tiyatar hana ɗan adam da kuma yin tiyatar hana ɗan adam, waɗanda aka yi da son rai da kuma tilastawa. Har zuwa shekarar 1970, an kiyasta cewa an yi wa dubban mutane, galibi mata, allurar rigakafi bisa ga binciken lafiyar kwakwalwa a [[Switzerland]] . <ref name="HDS2">{{Cite web |last=Roswitha Dubach |date=19 February 2024 |title=Stérilisation et castration |url=https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/060527/2024-02-19/ |access-date=10 August 2025 |publisher=[[Historical Dictionary of Switzerland]]}}</ref> An fara yin waɗannan hanyoyin magance matsalolin lafiya ne a cikin mahallin abubuwan da suka haifar da [[Eugenics|rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa]], matsalolin zamantakewa kamar talauci, matakan jin daɗi, da kuma ƙa'idojin haihuwa daga hukumomi. Tun daga shekarar 2005, Switzerland ta tsara yadda ake yin amfani da maganin hana haihuwa ta hanyar dokar tarayya. '''Dokar Tarayya kan Sharuɗɗa da Tsarin da ke Kula da Hana Hana Mutane (Dokar Hana Hana Hana Mutane) {{Efn|{{langx|de|Bundesgesetz über Voraussetzungen und Verfahren bei Sterilisationen, Sterilisationsgesetz}}; {{langx|fr|Loi fédérale sur les conditions et la procédure régissant la stérilisation de personnes, Loi sur la stérilisation}}; {{langx|it|Legge federale sulle condizioni e le procedure per praticare le sterilizzazioni, Legge federale sulle sterilizzazioni}}}}''' ta ba da izinin hana haila ga manya waɗanda ke da ƙwarewa waɗanda ke ba da izini a rubuce kyauta kuma mai cikakken bayani. Ba a haramta sanya wa mutanen da ba su da ikon fahimta magani gaba ɗaya, tare da iyakancewar keɓancewa ga waɗanda suka haura shekaru 16 a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗa masu tsauri da ke buƙatar amincewa daga hukumomin kare manya. <ref name="admin">{{Cite web |date=17 December 2004 |title=Loi fédérale sur les conditions et la procédure régissant la stérilisation de personnes |url=https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/2005/425/fr |access-date=10 August 2025 |publisher=Federal Chancellery of Switzerland}}</ref> == Tsarin shari'a na yanzu == === Dokar Tarayya kan Hana Haihuwa (2005) === Tun daga shekarar 2005, Switzerland tana da cikakkiyar dokar tarayya da ke kula da ayyukan hana haihuwa. Dokar Hana Haihuwa ta tsara yanayin da aka ba da izinin hana haihuwa don dalilan hana haihuwa, da kuma hanyar da ta dace. [1] Dokar ta tabbatar da cewa sanya maye yana da babban tsangwama ga mutuncin jiki da na tunani kuma ya ƙunshi danne ikon haihuwa na mutum har abada ta hanyar shiga tsakani na likita. An ba da izini ne kawai ga manya waɗanda suka iya fahimtar abin da aka faɗa musu game da wannan matakin kuma suka amince da shi a rubuce. Ikon fahimta yana taka muhimmiyar rawa, kuma likitan da ke yin aikin tiyatar dole ne ya rubuta abubuwan da suka kafa kimantawarsu game da ikon fahimtar mutum a cikin fayil ɗin likita. <ref name="samw">{{Cite web |title=Stérilisation |url=https://leitfaden.samw.fmh.ch/fr/guide-pratique-bases-juridique/5-situations-medicales/54-sterilisation-medecin.cfm |access-date=10 August 2025 |publisher=Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences}}</ref> === Dokoki ga ƙungiyoyin da aka kare === Yin maganin hana haihuwa ga mutanen da ke da shekaru 18, waɗanda ke da ikon fahimta amma kuma suna ƙarƙashin kulawa ta gabaɗaya, ba wai kawai yana buƙatar izinin mutum da kansa ba, har ma da na wakilinsu na shari'a da kuma hukumar kare manya. Hukumar kare manya dole ne ta nemi shawarar likita ta biyu da kuma umarnin yin gwajin tabin hankali, idan ya cancanta, don tantance iyawar fahimtar mutumin da abin ya shafa. Dokar hana sanya wa mutanen da ba su da ikon fahimta magani. Ga mutanen da suka haura shekara 16, keɓancewa yana yiwuwa amma a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗa masu tsauri (Shari'a ta 7 al. 2 Dokar Hana Haihuwa). Waɗannan sun haɗa da cewa ana yin wannan shiga tsakani ne don amfanin wanda abin ya shafa, cewa ɗaukar ciki da haihuwar yaro ba za a iya hana shi ta hanyar wasu hanyoyin hana ɗaukar ciki masu dacewa ba, cewa ɗaukar ciki da haihuwa ana iya hango su, kuma rabuwa da yaron bayan haihuwa ba makawa ne saboda ba za a iya ɗaukar nauyin iyaye ba ko kuma saboda ɗaukar ciki zai yi wa lafiyar mace barazana sosai. <ref name="admin" /> Hukumar kare manya dole ne ta amince da a yi wa mutum tiyatar haihuwa bayan ta saurari mutumin da abin ya shafa da danginsa, ta sami rahoton kwararru kan mutumin da kuma yanayin zamantakewarsa, sannan ta tattara ra'ayin ƙwararren likitan tabin hankali kan rashin iya fahimtar mutumin da kuma tsawon lokacin da zai ɗauka a wannan rashin lafiyar (sashe na 3 da 7 na Dokar Hana Haihuwa). <ref name="admin" /> Ana ɗaukar wannan tanadin doka a matsayin abu mai wahalar amfani da shi a fannin likitanci. <ref name="samw" /> Hukumar Kula da Ɗabi'a ta Ƙasa a Magungunan Dan Adam ta buga wani takarda a shekarar 2025 kan sanya wa mutanen da ba su da ikon fahimta su zama masu tsafta har abada. Kwamitin ya ba da shawarar yin gyare-gyare da dama ga Mataki na 7 na dokar hana zubar da ciki, musamman ta yadda kawai haɗari ga lafiyar mutumin da abin ya shafa zai iya ba da hujjar hana zubar da ciki. Kwamitin ya kuma ba da shawarar aiwatar da tsarin tallafi ga iyaye masu nakasa ta hankali da kuma bayar da tallafi da kuma, idan ya cancanta, taimakon tunani ga dangin iyaye na gaba masu nakasa ta hankali. === La'akari na ƙasashen duniya === Kwamitin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] kan Haƙƙoƙin Nakasassu ya nuna a shekarar 2022 cewa sanya nakasassu ba tare da izininsu ba ya saba wa haƙƙin mutuntaka ta jiki da ta hankali (Mataki na 17 na [[Yarjejeniya kan Haƙƙin masu lalura ta musamman|Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙoƙin Nakasassu]] ). <ref name="samw" /> == Yanayin tarihi == === Sauyawa daga yin siminti zuwa yin amfani da sterilization === Har zuwa shekarun 1910, a wasu lokutan ana yi wa mutanen da abin ya shafa [[Kashe zakarin Maza|damba]] saboda dalilan da suka shafi jima'i. Auguste Forel, darektan asibitin tabin hankali na gundumar Burghölzli da ke Zürich, an dauke shi a matsayin wanda ya fara wannan aikin a [[Turai]] bayan da aka yi masa daurin "yarinya 'yar shekara 14 mai tsananin sha'awa" a shekarar 1892. <ref name="HDS2" /> Yin tiyatar da aka yi tun ƙarni na 19 yana da mummunan sakamako na jiki da na tunani, musamman akan sha'awar jima'i (jima'i). An ƙirƙiro dabarar hana haihuwa mara amfani tun daga shekarar 1890. Saboda haka, lokacin da babban manufar wannan shiga tsakani shine hana haihuwa, hana haihuwa ya maye gurbin yin ɗiban ruwa tun daga shekarun 1910. === Ayyukan Eugenic === A farkon karni na 20, ayyukan hana haihuwa a Switzerland suna da alaƙa da fitowar ƙungiyar [[eugenics]] . An gane manyan alamomi guda huɗu na hana haihuwa a shekarun 1910. Alamar eugenic tana da nufin hana "lalacewar" "jikin zamantakewa" ( ''Volkskörper'' ) da kuma hana haihuwa daga mutanen da ke da "gado mai yawa." <ref name="HDS2" /> Alamun zamantakewa sun haɗa da maganin hana haihuwa da mutumin da kansa yake so da kuma "maganin hana haihuwa na gaggawa" da ake yi wa mutanen da ba su da "gado mai yawa" amma waɗanda matalauta ne kuma galibi suna dogara da taimako, domin guje wa ƙarin kuɗaɗen da hukumomin gwamnati ke kashewa. Masana sun kafa alamun tabin hankali ne saboda lafiyar jama'a da kuma dalilan rigakafi, don guje wa cututtukan kwakwalwa (ko kuma ƙaruwarsu) bayan ciki. Alamomin likita (somatic, a ma'anar da ta dace) an yi niyya ne don hana rashin lafiya ta jiki (ko kuma ta tsananta) bayan ɗaukar ciki. [1] Gundumar Vaud ce kawai ke da doka tun daga shekarar 1928 da ta ba da izinin tilasta yin amfani da maganin hana haihuwa wanda ke haifar da cutar eugenics, amma sai bayan buƙatar Hukumar Lafiyar Jama'a ta Cantonal kuma ga mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ko cututtukan tabin hankali marasa magani waɗanda, a mafi yawan lokuta, za su sami zuriya masu "gado mara lafiya." <ref name="HDS2" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 926xjfo1hmemdoigw2f2ldfjd5ovxra 961859 961858 2026-10-02T11:28:36Z Sardeeq 39275 961859 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yin tiyatar hana ɗan adam a Switzerland''' yana nufin ayyukan da suka faru a [[Switzerland]] tun daga farkon ƙarni na 20 zuwa yanzu na tarihi da na zamani na yin tiyatar hana ɗan adam da kuma yin tiyatar hana ɗan adam, waɗanda aka yi da son rai da kuma tilastawa. Har zuwa shekarar 1970, an kiyasta cewa an yi wa dubban mutane, galibi mata, allurar rigakafi bisa ga binciken lafiyar kwakwalwa a [[Switzerland]] . <ref name="HDS2">{{Cite web |last=Roswitha Dubach |date=19 February 2024 |title=Stérilisation et castration |url=https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/060527/2024-02-19/ |access-date=10 August 2025 |publisher=[[Historical Dictionary of Switzerland]]}}</ref> An fara yin waɗannan hanyoyin magance matsalolin lafiya ne a cikin mahallin abubuwan da suka haifar da [[Eugenics|rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa]], matsalolin zamantakewa kamar talauci, matakan jin daɗi, da kuma ƙa'idojin haihuwa daga hukumomi. Tun daga shekarar 2005, Switzerland ta tsara yadda ake yin amfani da maganin hana haihuwa ta hanyar dokar tarayya. '''Dokar Tarayya kan Sharuɗɗa da Tsarin da ke Kula da Hana Hana Mutane (Dokar Hana Hana Hana Mutane) {{Efn|{{langx|de|Bundesgesetz über Voraussetzungen und Verfahren bei Sterilisationen, Sterilisationsgesetz}}; {{langx|fr|Loi fédérale sur les conditions et la procédure régissant la stérilisation de personnes, Loi sur la stérilisation}}; {{langx|it|Legge federale sulle condizioni e le procedure per praticare le sterilizzazioni, Legge federale sulle sterilizzazioni}}}}''' ta ba da izinin hana haila ga manya waɗanda ke da ƙwarewa waɗanda ke ba da izini a rubuce kyauta kuma mai cikakken bayani. Ba a haramta sanya wa mutanen da ba su da ikon fahimta magani gaba ɗaya, tare da iyakancewar keɓancewa ga waɗanda suka haura shekaru 16 a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗa masu tsauri da ke buƙatar amincewa daga hukumomin kare manya. <ref name="admin">{{Cite web |date=17 December 2004 |title=Loi fédérale sur les conditions et la procédure régissant la stérilisation de personnes |url=https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/2005/425/fr |access-date=10 August 2025 |publisher=Federal Chancellery of Switzerland}}</ref> == Tsarin shari'a na yanzu == === Dokar Tarayya kan Hana Haihuwa (2005) === Tun daga shekarar 2005, Switzerland tana da cikakkiyar dokar tarayya da ke kula da ayyukan hana haihuwa. Dokar Hana Haihuwa ta tsara yanayin da aka ba da izinin hana haihuwa don dalilan hana haihuwa, da kuma hanyar da ta dace. [1] Dokar ta tabbatar da cewa sanya maye yana da babban tsangwama ga mutuncin jiki da na tunani kuma ya ƙunshi danne ikon haihuwa na mutum har abada ta hanyar shiga tsakani na likita. An ba da izini ne kawai ga manya waɗanda suka iya fahimtar abin da aka faɗa musu game da wannan matakin kuma suka amince da shi a rubuce. Ikon fahimta yana taka muhimmiyar rawa, kuma likitan da ke yin aikin tiyatar dole ne ya rubuta abubuwan da suka kafa kimantawarsu game da ikon fahimtar mutum a cikin fayil ɗin likita. <ref name="samw">{{Cite web |title=Stérilisation |url=https://leitfaden.samw.fmh.ch/fr/guide-pratique-bases-juridique/5-situations-medicales/54-sterilisation-medecin.cfm |access-date=10 August 2025 |publisher=Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences}}</ref> === Dokoki ga ƙungiyoyin da aka kare === Yin maganin hana haihuwa ga mutanen da ke da shekaru 18, waɗanda ke da ikon fahimta amma kuma suna ƙarƙashin kulawa ta gabaɗaya, ba wai kawai yana buƙatar izinin mutum da kansa ba, har ma da na wakilinsu na shari'a da kuma hukumar kare manya. Hukumar kare manya dole ne ta nemi shawarar likita ta biyu da kuma umarnin yin gwajin tabin hankali, idan ya cancanta, don tantance iyawar fahimtar mutumin da abin ya shafa. Dokar hana sanya wa mutanen da ba su da ikon fahimta magani. Ga mutanen da suka haura shekara 16, keɓancewa yana yiwuwa amma a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗa masu tsauri (Shari'a ta 7 al. 2 Dokar Hana Haihuwa). Waɗannan sun haɗa da cewa ana yin wannan shiga tsakani ne don amfanin wanda abin ya shafa, cewa ɗaukar ciki da haihuwar yaro ba za a iya hana shi ta hanyar wasu hanyoyin hana ɗaukar ciki masu dacewa ba, cewa ɗaukar ciki da haihuwa ana iya hango su, kuma rabuwa da yaron bayan haihuwa ba makawa ne saboda ba za a iya ɗaukar nauyin iyaye ba ko kuma saboda ɗaukar ciki zai yi wa lafiyar mace barazana sosai. <ref name="admin" /> Hukumar kare manya dole ne ta amince da a yi wa mutum tiyatar haihuwa bayan ta saurari mutumin da abin ya shafa da danginsa, ta sami rahoton kwararru kan mutumin da kuma yanayin zamantakewarsa, sannan ta tattara ra'ayin ƙwararren likitan tabin hankali kan rashin iya fahimtar mutumin da kuma tsawon lokacin da zai ɗauka a wannan rashin lafiyar (sashe na 3 da 7 na Dokar Hana Haihuwa). <ref name="admin" /> Ana ɗaukar wannan tanadin doka a matsayin abu mai wahalar amfani da shi a fannin likitanci. <ref name="samw" /> Hukumar Kula da Ɗabi'a ta Ƙasa a Magungunan Dan Adam ta buga wani takarda a shekarar 2025 kan sanya wa mutanen da ba su da ikon fahimta su zama masu tsafta har abada. Kwamitin ya ba da shawarar yin gyare-gyare da dama ga Mataki na 7 na dokar hana zubar da ciki, musamman ta yadda kawai haɗari ga lafiyar mutumin da abin ya shafa zai iya ba da hujjar hana zubar da ciki. Kwamitin ya kuma ba da shawarar aiwatar da tsarin tallafi ga iyaye masu nakasa ta hankali da kuma bayar da tallafi da kuma, idan ya cancanta, taimakon tunani ga dangin iyaye na gaba masu nakasa ta hankali. === La'akari na ƙasashen duniya === Kwamitin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] kan Haƙƙoƙin Nakasassu ya nuna a shekarar 2022 cewa sanya nakasassu ba tare da izininsu ba ya saba wa haƙƙin mutuntaka ta jiki da ta hankali (Mataki na 17 na [[Yarjejeniya kan Haƙƙin masu lalura ta musamman|Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙoƙin Nakasassu]] ). <ref name="samw" /> == Yanayin tarihi == === Sauyawa daga yin siminti zuwa yin amfani da sterilization === Har zuwa shekarun 1910, a wasu lokutan ana yi wa mutanen da abin ya shafa [[Kashe zakarin Maza|damba]] saboda dalilan da suka shafi jima'i. Auguste Forel, darektan asibitin tabin hankali na gundumar Burghölzli da ke Zürich, an dauke shi a matsayin wanda ya fara wannan aikin a [[Turai]] bayan da aka yi masa daurin "yarinya 'yar shekara 14 mai tsananin sha'awa" a shekarar 1892. <ref name="HDS2" /> Yin tiyatar da aka yi tun ƙarni na 19 yana da mummunan sakamako na jiki da na tunani, musamman akan sha'awar jima'i (jima'i). An ƙirƙiro dabarar hana haihuwa mara amfani tun daga shekarar 1890. Saboda haka, lokacin da babban manufar wannan shiga tsakani shine hana haihuwa, hana haihuwa ya maye gurbin yin ɗiban ruwa tun daga shekarun 1910. === Ayyukan Eugenic === A farkon karni na 20, ayyukan hana haihuwa a Switzerland suna da alaƙa da fitowar ƙungiyar [[eugenics]] . An gane manyan alamomi guda huɗu na hana haihuwa a shekarun 1910. Alamar eugenic tana da nufin hana "lalacewar" "jikin zamantakewa" ( ''Volkskörper'' ) da kuma hana haihuwa daga mutanen da ke da "gado mai yawa." <ref name="HDS2" /> Alamun zamantakewa sun haɗa da maganin hana haihuwa da mutumin da kansa yake so da kuma "maganin hana haihuwa na gaggawa" da ake yi wa mutanen da ba su da "gado mai yawa" amma waɗanda matalauta ne kuma galibi suna dogara da taimako, domin guje wa ƙarin kuɗaɗen da hukumomin gwamnati ke kashewa. Masana sun kafa alamun tabin hankali ne saboda lafiyar jama'a da kuma dalilan rigakafi, don guje wa cututtukan kwakwalwa (ko kuma ƙaruwarsu) bayan ciki. Alamomin likita (somatic, a ma'anar da ta dace) an yi niyya ne don hana rashin lafiya ta jiki (ko kuma ta tsananta) bayan ɗaukar ciki. [1] Gundumar Vaud ce kawai ke da doka tun daga shekarar 1928 da ta ba da izinin tilasta yin amfani da maganin hana haihuwa wanda ke haifar da cutar eugenics, amma sai bayan buƙatar Hukumar Lafiyar Jama'a ta Cantonal kuma ga mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan kwakwalwa ko cututtukan tabin hankali marasa magani waɗanda, a mafi yawan lokuta, za su sami zuriya masu "gado mara lafiya." <ref name="HDS2" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jpdep6sy5k02sn7roieu3s5hhu1mw17 0 177863 961860 2026-10-02T11:29:41Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358814738|Human Traces]]" 961860 wikitext text/x-wiki Littafin '''''Human Traces''''' [[Ƙagaggen Labari|littafi]] ne da aka wallafa a shekarar 2005 ta marubucin Birtaniya Sebastian Faulks, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-06-15 |title=Human Traces |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/sebastian-faulks/human-traces/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920214740/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/sebastian-faulks/human-traces/ |archive-date=20 September 2020 |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=[[Kirkus Reviews]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-06-19 |title=Human Traces by Sebastian Faulks |url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/9780375502262 |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=[[Publishers Weekly]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-01 |title=Human Traces |url=https://www.booklistonline.com/Human-Traces-Sebastian-Faulks/pid=1741349 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=[[Booklist]]}}</ref> wanda aka fi sani da littattafansa na ''Birdsong'' da ''Charlotte Gray'' . ''Human Traces'' ya ɗauki Faulks shekaru biyar kafin ya rubuta. Yana ba da labarin abokai biyu waɗanda suka kafa mafaka ta farko a Austria a ƙarni na 19, tare da juyin halittar tabin hankali da kuma farkon [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]] . == Bayanin Takaitaccen Bayani game da Taswirar == Ta hanyar bin diddigin rayuwar da ta haɗa da Doctors Thomas Midwinter, wanda ɗan Ingila ne, da Jacques Rebière, daga Brittany, Faransa, ''Human Traces'' ta binciko ci gaban ilimin tabin hankali da nazarin halayyar ɗan adam a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19, ta hanyar tafiye-tafiye zuwa bareness na farko sannan metaphysics, [[Juyin Halitta na Mutum|juyin halittar ɗan adam]] da ilimin jijiyoyi, kafin neman abin da ake nufi da zama ɗan adam ya kai mu ga ɗan gajeren lokaci a [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]] . Babban abin da ke cikin labarin shine ka'idar [[Halin Bicameral|tunanin 'yan majalisa biyu]] . == Bayani == Faulks ya kira littafin " aikin Sisyphean ", yana rubutawa, "Bayan na shafe shekaru biyar a ɗakunan karatu ina karantar hauka, tabin hankali da kuma nazarin halayyar ɗan adam (ofishina yana da jadawali da jadawalin lokaci da abubuwa da aka yi wa fenti a ko'ina cikin bango), aikin kammala shi ya ji kamar baƙin ciki ne. [1] == Liyafar maraba == Duk da cewa wasu sun soki ''Human Traces'' a matsayin mai bayani mai zurfi, cikakken bayani da kuma koyarwa, an kuma yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mai faɗi, mai buri da kuma rubuce-rubuce masu kyau. Ya samu nasarar kasuwanci, kasancewar ya kasance mafi kyawun siyarwa a Burtaniya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2024}} == Manazarta == 6frrrbahir7dibcvidipdc1r8vhpcst 961861 961860 2026-10-02T11:30:00Z Sardeeq 39275 961861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Littafin '''''Human Traces''''' [[Ƙagaggen Labari|littafi]] ne da aka wallafa a shekarar 2005 ta marubucin Birtaniya Sebastian Faulks, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-06-15 |title=Human Traces |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/sebastian-faulks/human-traces/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920214740/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/sebastian-faulks/human-traces/ |archive-date=20 September 2020 |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=[[Kirkus Reviews]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-06-19 |title=Human Traces by Sebastian Faulks |url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/9780375502262 |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=[[Publishers Weekly]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-01 |title=Human Traces |url=https://www.booklistonline.com/Human-Traces-Sebastian-Faulks/pid=1741349 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=[[Booklist]]}}</ref> wanda aka fi sani da littattafansa na ''Birdsong'' da ''Charlotte Gray'' . ''Human Traces'' ya ɗauki Faulks shekaru biyar kafin ya rubuta. Yana ba da labarin abokai biyu waɗanda suka kafa mafaka ta farko a Austria a ƙarni na 19, tare da juyin halittar tabin hankali da kuma farkon [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]] . == Bayanin Takaitaccen Bayani game da Taswirar == Ta hanyar bin diddigin rayuwar da ta haɗa da Doctors Thomas Midwinter, wanda ɗan Ingila ne, da Jacques Rebière, daga Brittany, Faransa, ''Human Traces'' ta binciko ci gaban ilimin tabin hankali da nazarin halayyar ɗan adam a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19, ta hanyar tafiye-tafiye zuwa bareness na farko sannan metaphysics, [[Juyin Halitta na Mutum|juyin halittar ɗan adam]] da ilimin jijiyoyi, kafin neman abin da ake nufi da zama ɗan adam ya kai mu ga ɗan gajeren lokaci a [[Yaƙin Duniya na I|Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya]] . Babban abin da ke cikin labarin shine ka'idar [[Halin Bicameral|tunanin 'yan majalisa biyu]] . == Bayani == Faulks ya kira littafin " aikin Sisyphean ", yana rubutawa, "Bayan na shafe shekaru biyar a ɗakunan karatu ina karantar hauka, tabin hankali da kuma nazarin halayyar ɗan adam (ofishina yana da jadawali da jadawalin lokaci da abubuwa da aka yi wa fenti a ko'ina cikin bango), aikin kammala shi ya ji kamar baƙin ciki ne. [1] == Liyafar maraba == Duk da cewa wasu sun soki ''Human Traces'' a matsayin mai bayani mai zurfi, cikakken bayani da kuma koyarwa, an kuma yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mai faɗi, mai buri da kuma rubuce-rubuce masu kyau. Ya samu nasarar kasuwanci, kasancewar ya kasance mafi kyawun siyarwa a Burtaniya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2024}} == Manazarta == 8ai0d9mr5rw7i2ef6bv5hv2rrrlo5vr 0 177864 961862 2026-10-02T11:32:16Z Sardeeq 39275 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366798826|Hyperkinetic disorder]]" 961862 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ciwon hyperkinetic''' wata cuta ce ta kwakwalwa da ake tsammanin tana tasowa tun lokacin ƙuruciya. Sifofinsa sun haɗa da yanayin da ke ɗorewa na alamun rashin kulawa, yawan aiki, da kuma rashin himma a wurare daban-daban (misali, gida da makaranta) waɗanda ke da matuƙar illa ga aikin ilimi, zamantakewa, da aiki. <ref name="Banaschewski&Rohde">{{Cite book|edition=David}}</ref> An rarraba shi a cikin ICD-10 na [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] kuma yayi kama da "haɗaɗɗen gabatarwa" na [[Rashin hankali na rashin ƙarfi|rashin kulawa/rashin aiki mai yawa]] a cikin DSM-5 na Ƙungiyar Halayyar Dan Adam ta Amurka . Duk da haka, a cikin ICD-11, babu wani abu da ke haifar da matsalar hyperkinetic kuma an maye gurbinsa da ''matsalar attention deficit hyperactivity disorder'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics |url=https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=icd.who.int}}</ref> == Alamomin == Mutanen da a da ake kira hyperkinetic suna nuna rashin tsari, rashin kulawa sosai da kuma yawan aiki; ana ganinsu a matsayin marasa juriya a ayyukan da suka shafi tunani da hankali, kuma suna son komawa daga wani aiki zuwa wani ba tare da kammala ɗayansu ba. An bayyana su a matsayin masu saurin haɗari, marasa kulawa, da kuma masu gaggawa, kuma suna iya karya dokoki ba tare da tunani ba (maimakon nuna rashin amincewa). Matsalar fahimta, jinkirin magana da kuma ci gaban motsi sun fi yawa a cikin wannan rukunin fiye da na sauran jama'a, kuma wataƙila sun fuskanci ƙarancin girman kai da kuma shiga cikin halayen da ba su dace da zamantakewa ba sakamakon wannan cuta. Duk da cewa yara da aka kwatanta da hyperkinetic yawanci ba sa yin taka-tsantsan kuma ba sa yin komai a wurin manya, a wasu lokutan ana ware su daga wasu yara kuma ba sa son su. <ref name="ICD10">{{Cite web |year=2010 |title=International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) Version for 2010 |url=http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en#/F90 |access-date=2014-01-17 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> == Ganewar Ganewa == Duk da cewa ka'idojin Ƙungiyar Masu Alaƙa da [[Rashin hankali na rashin ƙarfi|Cututtukan]] Hankali ta Amurka (ADHD), da kuma ka'idojin [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] (WHO) na cututtukan hyperkinetic kowannensu ya lissafa alamomi iri ɗaya iri ɗaya guda 18, ƙa'idodi daban-daban da ke jagorantar ganewar asali sun nuna cewa cututtukan hyperkinetic suna da babban rauni da matsaloli na sarrafa motsin rai fiye da na ADHD na yau da kullun, kuma ya fi kama da mummunan yanayin [[Rashin hankali na rashin ƙarfi|ADHD mai hade]] . <ref name="Banaschewski&Rohde" /> Ba kamar ADHD ba, ganewar cutar hyperkinetic yana buƙatar likitan ya lura da alamun kai tsaye (maimakon ya dogara ne kawai da rahotannin iyaye da malamai), cewa farkon cutar dole ne ya kasance kafin shekara 6 ba 7 ba; kuma aƙalla rashin kulawa shida, yawan aiki uku da kuma alamar rashin sha'awa ɗaya su kasance a wurare biyu ko fiye. Duk da cewa ADHD na iya wanzuwa tare da (a gaban) mania ko rashin kwanciyar hankali ko [[Matsalar damuwa|damuwa]], kasancewar ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan yana hana ganewar cutar hyperkinetic. <ref name="Banaschewski&Rohde" /> Yawancin lokuta na rashin lafiyar hyperkinetic sun cika manyan sharuɗɗan ADHD. Ciwon hyperkinetic wani lokacin yana da alaƙa da [[Rashin halayyar mutum|matsalar ɗabi'a]], wanda a wannan yanayin, ganewar cutar ita ce matsalar ɗabi'a ta hyperkinetic. <ref name="Banaschewski&Rohde" /> == Ilimin Cututtuka == An yi zaton cewa adadin yaran da suka kai shekaru makaranta ya kai kusan kashi 1.5%, idan aka kwatanta da kimanin kashi 5.3% na ADHD. <ref name="Banaschewski&Rohde" /> == Magani == Da zarar an wayar da kan majiyyaci da iyali game da yanayin, yadda ake kula da shi da kuma yadda ake magance matsalar kuma an yanke shawarar magance ta, ƙungiyar jagororin ADHD ta Turai [1] [2] ta ba da shawarar magani maimakon horar da ɗabi'a a matsayin hanyar magani ta farko; kuma Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya da Ingantaccen Asibiti ta Burtaniya ta ba da shawarar magani a matsayin magani na farko ga waɗanda ke da hyperkinesis/mafi tsananin ADHD, da kuma samar da horo na iyali a cikin rukuni a duk yanayin ADHD. [3] == Tarihi == Kafin haka, an yi amfani da kalmar "lalacewar kwakwalwa" saboda binciken da aka gudanar kan waɗanda suka tsira daga annobar encephalitis lethargica daga 1917 zuwa 1918 da kuma annobar [[Influenza|mura]] daga 1919 zuwa 1920. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ballas |first=Paul |date=2 April 2008 |title=ADHD's Dynamic History: The Effects of Continuously Changing Diagnostic Criteria |url=http://www.healthcentral.com/adhd/c/7930/23979/adhds-history-effects |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232935/http://www.healthcentral.com/adhd/c/7930/23979/adhds-history-effects |archive-date=3 March 2016 |website=Health Central |publisher=Remedy Health Media}}</ref> Kramer da Pollnow ne suka yi bayanin farko game da matsalar hyperkinetic a shekarun 1930. Wannan cuta ta yi kama da yadda Constantin von Economo ya bayyana game da cutar encephalitis lethargica . Ya bambanta da ADHD don samun alamun cututtuka masu tsanani da kuma murmurewa akai-akai da ke da alaƙa da farfadiya . Bayaninsu ya shahara a Turai kuma an haɗa shi a cikin rarrabuwar cututtuka ta [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] a duniya. {{Rp|[{{google books|tIJZDwAAQBAJ|page=5|plainurl=yes}} 5]}} Maurice Laufer da Eric Denhoff sun yi karatun yara masu saurin motsa jiki a Emma Pendleton Bradley Home. An buga bincikensu a shekarar 1957, wanda ya nuna cewa kashi ɗaya bisa uku na marasa lafiyarsu ne kawai suka sami lalacewar kwakwalwa, inda aka sake yin amfani da kalmar "ƙaramin lalacewar kwakwalwa" kuma aka maye gurbinsa da "ƙaramin rashin aikin kwakwalwa." Sai suka ƙirƙiro wani sabon kalma, "cutar motsin jiki ta hyperkinetic," wadda ta shafi yara fiye da na baya. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=Mattew |year=2014 |title=The first hyperactive children: the rise of ADHD in historical perspective |url=https://pure.strath.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/41243503/Smith_Leidschrift_2014_The_first_hyperactive_children.pdf |journal=Leidschrift |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=35–49 |access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 1957, a lokacin Yaƙin Cacar Baki, Tarayyar Soviet ta yi nasarar harba tauraron ɗan adam na farko mai suna Sputnik 1 zuwa sararin samaniya, wanda hakan ya fara tseren zuwa wata . Wannan lamari ya girgiza Amurka sosai, kuma an fuskanci matsin lamba na horar da sabbin masana kimiyya, injiniyoyi da 'yan sama jannati. An yi garambawul kan tsarin ilimi, inda aka sauya ra'ayoyin ilimi masu ci gaba a shekarar 1958 zuwa Dokar Ilimi ta Tsaro ta Kasa (NDEA). Ilimi ya ƙara tsauri kuma a cikin yanayin koyo mai ɗorewa. Faɗin ma'anar cutar hyperkinetic impulse disorder ya sa aka gano ta a makarantu da yawa. [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6uwsl6rp450hnp0kxh4ppqy2qfafhcq 961863 961862 2026-10-02T11:32:34Z Sardeeq 39275 961863 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ciwon hyperkinetic''' wata cuta ce ta kwakwalwa da ake tsammanin tana tasowa tun lokacin ƙuruciya. Sifofinsa sun haɗa da yanayin da ke ɗorewa na alamun rashin kulawa, yawan aiki, da kuma rashin himma a wurare daban-daban (misali, gida da makaranta) waɗanda ke da matuƙar illa ga aikin ilimi, zamantakewa, da aiki. <ref name="Banaschewski&Rohde">{{Cite book|edition=David}}</ref> An rarraba shi a cikin ICD-10 na [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] kuma yayi kama da "haɗaɗɗen gabatarwa" na [[Rashin hankali na rashin ƙarfi|rashin kulawa/rashin aiki mai yawa]] a cikin DSM-5 na Ƙungiyar Halayyar Dan Adam ta Amurka . Duk da haka, a cikin ICD-11, babu wani abu da ke haifar da matsalar hyperkinetic kuma an maye gurbinsa da ''matsalar attention deficit hyperactivity disorder'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics |url=https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=icd.who.int}}</ref> == Alamomin == Mutanen da a da ake kira hyperkinetic suna nuna rashin tsari, rashin kulawa sosai da kuma yawan aiki; ana ganinsu a matsayin marasa juriya a ayyukan da suka shafi tunani da hankali, kuma suna son komawa daga wani aiki zuwa wani ba tare da kammala ɗayansu ba. An bayyana su a matsayin masu saurin haɗari, marasa kulawa, da kuma masu gaggawa, kuma suna iya karya dokoki ba tare da tunani ba (maimakon nuna rashin amincewa). Matsalar fahimta, jinkirin magana da kuma ci gaban motsi sun fi yawa a cikin wannan rukunin fiye da na sauran jama'a, kuma wataƙila sun fuskanci ƙarancin girman kai da kuma shiga cikin halayen da ba su dace da zamantakewa ba sakamakon wannan cuta. Duk da cewa yara da aka kwatanta da hyperkinetic yawanci ba sa yin taka-tsantsan kuma ba sa yin komai a wurin manya, a wasu lokutan ana ware su daga wasu yara kuma ba sa son su. <ref name="ICD10">{{Cite web |year=2010 |title=International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) Version for 2010 |url=http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en#/F90 |access-date=2014-01-17 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> == Ganewar Ganewa == Duk da cewa ka'idojin Ƙungiyar Masu Alaƙa da [[Rashin hankali na rashin ƙarfi|Cututtukan]] Hankali ta Amurka (ADHD), da kuma ka'idojin [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] (WHO) na cututtukan hyperkinetic kowannensu ya lissafa alamomi iri ɗaya iri ɗaya guda 18, ƙa'idodi daban-daban da ke jagorantar ganewar asali sun nuna cewa cututtukan hyperkinetic suna da babban rauni da matsaloli na sarrafa motsin rai fiye da na ADHD na yau da kullun, kuma ya fi kama da mummunan yanayin [[Rashin hankali na rashin ƙarfi|ADHD mai hade]] . <ref name="Banaschewski&Rohde" /> Ba kamar ADHD ba, ganewar cutar hyperkinetic yana buƙatar likitan ya lura da alamun kai tsaye (maimakon ya dogara ne kawai da rahotannin iyaye da malamai), cewa farkon cutar dole ne ya kasance kafin shekara 6 ba 7 ba; kuma aƙalla rashin kulawa shida, yawan aiki uku da kuma alamar rashin sha'awa ɗaya su kasance a wurare biyu ko fiye. Duk da cewa ADHD na iya wanzuwa tare da (a gaban) mania ko rashin kwanciyar hankali ko [[Matsalar damuwa|damuwa]], kasancewar ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan yana hana ganewar cutar hyperkinetic. <ref name="Banaschewski&Rohde" /> Yawancin lokuta na rashin lafiyar hyperkinetic sun cika manyan sharuɗɗan ADHD. Ciwon hyperkinetic wani lokacin yana da alaƙa da [[Rashin halayyar mutum|matsalar ɗabi'a]], wanda a wannan yanayin, ganewar cutar ita ce matsalar ɗabi'a ta hyperkinetic. <ref name="Banaschewski&Rohde" /> == Ilimin Cututtuka == An yi zaton cewa adadin yaran da suka kai shekaru makaranta ya kai kusan kashi 1.5%, idan aka kwatanta da kimanin kashi 5.3% na ADHD. <ref name="Banaschewski&Rohde" /> == Magani == Da zarar an wayar da kan majiyyaci da iyali game da yanayin, yadda ake kula da shi da kuma yadda ake magance matsalar kuma an yanke shawarar magance ta, ƙungiyar jagororin ADHD ta Turai [1] [2] ta ba da shawarar magani maimakon horar da ɗabi'a a matsayin hanyar magani ta farko; kuma Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya da Ingantaccen Asibiti ta Burtaniya ta ba da shawarar magani a matsayin magani na farko ga waɗanda ke da hyperkinesis/mafi tsananin ADHD, da kuma samar da horo na iyali a cikin rukuni a duk yanayin ADHD. [3] == Tarihi == Kafin haka, an yi amfani da kalmar "lalacewar kwakwalwa" saboda binciken da aka gudanar kan waɗanda suka tsira daga annobar encephalitis lethargica daga 1917 zuwa 1918 da kuma annobar [[Influenza|mura]] daga 1919 zuwa 1920. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ballas |first=Paul |date=2 April 2008 |title=ADHD's Dynamic History: The Effects of Continuously Changing Diagnostic Criteria |url=http://www.healthcentral.com/adhd/c/7930/23979/adhds-history-effects |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232935/http://www.healthcentral.com/adhd/c/7930/23979/adhds-history-effects |archive-date=3 March 2016 |website=Health Central |publisher=Remedy Health Media}}</ref> Kramer da Pollnow ne suka yi bayanin farko game da matsalar hyperkinetic a shekarun 1930. Wannan cuta ta yi kama da yadda Constantin von Economo ya bayyana game da cutar encephalitis lethargica . Ya bambanta da ADHD don samun alamun cututtuka masu tsanani da kuma murmurewa akai-akai da ke da alaƙa da farfadiya . Bayaninsu ya shahara a Turai kuma an haɗa shi a cikin rarrabuwar cututtuka ta [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] a duniya. {{Rp|[{{google books|tIJZDwAAQBAJ|page=5|plainurl=yes}} 5]}} Maurice Laufer da Eric Denhoff sun yi karatun yara masu saurin motsa jiki a Emma Pendleton Bradley Home. An buga bincikensu a shekarar 1957, wanda ya nuna cewa kashi ɗaya bisa uku na marasa lafiyarsu ne kawai suka sami lalacewar kwakwalwa, inda aka sake yin amfani da kalmar "ƙaramin lalacewar kwakwalwa" kuma aka maye gurbinsa da "ƙaramin rashin aikin kwakwalwa." Sai suka ƙirƙiro wani sabon kalma, "cutar motsin jiki ta hyperkinetic," wadda ta shafi yara fiye da na baya. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=Mattew |year=2014 |title=The first hyperactive children: the rise of ADHD in historical perspective |url=https://pure.strath.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/41243503/Smith_Leidschrift_2014_The_first_hyperactive_children.pdf |journal=Leidschrift |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=35–49 |access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 1957, a lokacin Yaƙin Cacar Baki, Tarayyar Soviet ta yi nasarar harba tauraron ɗan adam na farko mai suna Sputnik 1 zuwa sararin samaniya, wanda hakan ya fara tseren zuwa wata . Wannan lamari ya girgiza Amurka sosai, kuma an fuskanci matsin lamba na horar da sabbin masana kimiyya, injiniyoyi da 'yan sama jannati. An yi garambawul kan tsarin ilimi, inda aka sauya ra'ayoyin ilimi masu ci gaba a shekarar 1958 zuwa Dokar Ilimi ta Tsaro ta Kasa (NDEA). Ilimi ya ƙara tsauri kuma a cikin yanayin koyo mai ɗorewa. Faɗin ma'anar cutar hyperkinetic impulse disorder ya sa aka gano ta a makarantu da yawa. [1] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] novkc7apr3og4ogbo1r4va9fv44bu0m